Latvia: The Transition to a Market Economy [1 ed.] 0821323245

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The Transition to a Market

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Latvia The Transition to a Market

Economy

one of more than 2,000,000 information products 2 available from Microinfo Ltd P.O. Box 3 al i

The World Bank Washington, D.C.

"7 Sa Tel: 0420 hm

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Copyright © 1993 The International Bank for Reconstruction

and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A.

All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America

First printing March 1993

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ISSN: 0253-2123 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Latvia : the transition to a market economy. . em. — (A World Bank country study, ISSN 0253-2123) Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 0-8213-2324-5 1. Latvia—Economic conditions—1991—___. policy—19913. Mixed economy—Latvia. Reconstruction and Development. __ II. Series. HC340.5.L28 1993 338.947'43—d.c20

2. Latvia—Economic I. International Bank for

10 AUG 13393

93-3018 CIP

PREFACE The World Bank Country Study contained in this volume is based on the work of two World Bank economic missions that visited Latvia in January and February 1992. These missions were undertaken in anticipation of Latvia’s accession to membership in the World Bank, which took place on August 11, 1992. The World Bank wishes to thank the Latvian authorities for their excellent cooperation with the missions as well as for comments on an earlier draft of the study. The study presents the first comprehensive assessment of the Latvian economy prepared by

the World Bank. It is composed of two parts. Part I focuses on macroeconomic and systemic reform issues and Part II provides an overview and analysis of the main sectors. Quantitative information is presented in a statistical appendix. The study was prepared by Mansour Farsad based on the work of the following mission members and staff: First Mission Adil Kanaan

Mission Leader

Roberto Rocha Rune Barneus Jaime Biderman Andrew Bird Boris Blazic-Metzner Barbara Dabrowska Azita Dastgheib Mansour Farsad

Team Leader: Macroeconomy and Financial Sector Financial Sector

Macroeconomy Public. Investment National Accounts and Statistics Research, National Accounts and Statistics Research, Fiscal and Financial Sector Issues

Fiscal Issues and Balance of Payments

Mitja Gaspari

Financial Sector

Eric Manes David Tarr

Foreign Exchange

Andrew Ewing David Kochav Barbara Lee

Team Leader: Enterprise Reform and Industry Industry Private Sector Development

Peter Hopcraft William Meyers

Team Leader: Agriculture Agriculture

Richard Johanson Robert Holzman

Team Leader: Social Sectors; Education

Egon Jonsson Michal Rutkowski

Health Prices, Wages, and the Labor Market

David Mead

Legal Issues

Trade

—

Social Safety Net

Preface Second Mission

Carolyn Gochenour Bengt Turner Anders Willner

Mission Leader: Housing and Municipal Services Housing and Municipal Services Housing and Municipal Services

Philip Blackshaw Stig Lofberg Marti Miettinen

Team Leader: Transport Transport Transport

Ann Ishee

Telecommunications

David Craig Achilles Adamantiades

Team Leader: Energy Energy

Laszlo Lovei Clyde Hertzman Robert Kapner Stephen Lintner Jack Schramm

Team Leader: Environment Environment Environment Environment Environment

Carlos Hinayon Sophie Warlop

Research, Macroeconomy; Statistical Appendix Mission Secretary and Document Preparation

Although statistical material has been prepared with care, data should be interpreted carefully. The report is based mainly on official data, but where appropriate it also uses estimates provided by various research institutes and outside official agencies including the World Bank. Efforts have been made to update the information provided to the missions in January and February 1992 with more recent data provided subsequently by the Latvian authorities to the World Bank. The rapidly evolving situation has made it impossible, however, to update all of the information in the report to a common point in time. Also, some of the most recent data, especially on international trade flows and the balance of payments, is based on preliminary estimates for 1992 that are still under revision.

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AAQS BIS BOL BOP CIS CMEA EBRD EIA FDI FIAS

FSU GATT GDP GNP G-24 IBRD IMF koe

LPG MAC MER MMA MOA MolE MOE MOF mt

MTC MW NMP OECD PHARE (EC) PTA RUR SIF SOE toe VAT WHO

Average Bank of Bank of Balance

ambient air quality standards International Settlement Latvia of payments Commonwealth of Independent States Council for Mutual Economic Assistance European Bank for Reconstruction and Development European Community Environmental impact assessment Foreign Direct Investment Foreign Investment Advisory Services (A joint service of IFC, MIGA and the World Bank) Former Soviet Union General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Gross Domestic Product Gross National Product Group of 24 Gigawatt Hour International Bank for Reconstruction and Development International Monetary Fund Kilogram oil equivalent Kilowatt hour Liquid propane gas Maximum allowable concentration Ministry of Economic Reform Ministry of Maritime Affairs Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Industry and Energy Ministry of Education Ministry of Finance Mega ton Ministry of Transport and Communications Megawatt Net material product Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development Pologne Hongrie Action pour la Reconversion Economique Preferential Trading Area Ruble Social Insurance Fund State-owned enterprise Tons of oil equivalent Value added tax World Health Organization

vi

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of December 31, 1992)

Currency unit USD 1.00 Latvian Rublel1

= = =

Latvian Rubles 170 USD 0.006

COUNTRY DATA - LATVIA GNP per capita in USD in 1991

3,410

General Area (square km) Population, 1990 mid-year (thousands) Growth rate, 1980-90 (percent) Density, 1990 (per square km)

64,600

2,670 0.6 40

Social Indicators Population characteristics Crude birth rate, 1990 (per 1,000) Crude death rate, 1990 (per 1,000) Health

14.2 13.0

Infant mortality rate, 1990 (per 1,000 live) Life expectancy at birth, 1990

10.8 70.5

Gross Domestic Product Current Prices (million rubles)

1990 GDP at market prices Total consumption Private consumption

Government consumption Gross domestic investment Fixed investment

Change in stocks Net Exports

Real Growth Rates

(annual % change)

1991

12,201.0 8,226.0 6,888.5

28,665.0 16,198.0 13,249.6

1,337.5 4,0°7.0 3,337.9

2,948.4 9,669.5 N.A. N.A. 2,797.5

7198 -82.0

1990

1991

-3.5 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.

-8.3 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.

--

---

Output, Employment and Productivity GDP in 1991

Agriculture Industry Services Total/Average

:

Employment in 1991

GDP per worker

min RUR-

% of total

thousands

% of total

rubles

% of average

5,739.0 13,907.0 9,019.0

20.0 48.5 31.5

226.6 433.6 736.3

16.2 31.0 52.8

25,326 32,073 12,244

123.4 156.3 59.7

28,665.0

100.0

1,396.8

100.0

20522

100.0

Vili

Country Data

Government Finance Consolidated General Government, 1991 min RUR % of GDP Total revenues

Total expenditures Overall Balance

10,995.1

9,154.4 1,840.7

Money, Credit anu Prices 1990

1991

Broac money (mln RUR)

7,720.0

16,241.0

Domestic Credit

2,757.0

5,550.0

Annual percentage changes (%)

1990

1991

Consumer Price Index Average Price of Goods Purchased

10.5 11.5

172.2 180.0

1990

1991

Current Account Trade balance Exports a/ Imports b/

-647.0 -827.0 4881.0 5708.0

1578.0 762.0 6895.0 6133.0

Services Balance Unrequited Transfers, Net c/ Capital Account Medium & Long-Term, Net Short-Term Capital, Net d/ Overall Balance e/

745.0 -565.0 -506.0 9.0 -515.0

1070.0 -254.0 -106.0

-1153.0

1,472.0

Balance of Payments Consolidated (million rubles)

CCC

= b/ c/ d/

e/

-106.0

errr

Includes goods bought by tourists and other visiting populations from other Soviet Republics. Includes goods purchased by Latvians out of Latvia and supplies for the USSR Armed Forces, State Committee of Security and other Soviet organizations. Mainly taxes, profit of Latvian enterprises and the central budget transfers. Includes transfers. Latvia did not have its own national currency until 1992 and thus balancing position has been excluded.

- Country Data

ix

Exchange Rates (Ruble per USD)

Market Exchange Rates Buying Selling

Quoted by Bank of Latvia Currency Exchange Buying Selling

May

June

July

1991 Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nove.

Dec.

31,17 35.76

~ 29.83 34.26

29.31 33,535

30.82 37-25

37.20 43.94

47.06 54.76

69.28 81.13

103.50 120.55

April 6

May 4

1992 June 1

July6

Aug.3

Sept. 7

Oct. 6

125.00

125.00

119.35

129.20

136.00

159.05

160.07

120 133

124 135

124 131

131 142

140 151

176 189

180 191

Composition of Exports and Imports in World Prices in 1989 (million rubles)

Interrepublic

Extrarepublic

Total Trade

Exports

Imports

Exports

Imports

Exports

Imports

Industry of which:

3,769

4,602

226

SIZ ,

3,995

33379

Power

122

184

0

0

122

184

10 0 0 23, 21 apiKf 1,829 78 62 281 567 159 31 348 4,149

808 2 0 388 210 438 2,023 99 86 131 112 120 70 75 4,747

0 0 0 14 1 9 114 16 g 10 =i 8 16 23 264

1 36 0 19 2 60 271 13 2 105 261 4 118 3 893

10 0 0 ‘S59 22 525 1,943 94 65 291 619 167 47 371 4,413

810 39 0 406 212 498 2,294 112 88 236 373 125 188 78 5,640

Oil and Gas Coal Other Fuels Ferrous Metallurgy Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Chemical & Petroleum Machinery Sawmill & Lumber Building Materials Light Industry Food Production Other Industries . Agriculture Other Prod Sectors Total

CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY? i030: 0: «ayes 3's sho >. SE PART I: MACROECONOMIC CHAPTER

AND SYSTEMIC REFORMS

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1

1. Background and Recent Economic Development ...............ee00 EFfol674(0111 ee pee ee ee Oy eee oS AND RI Ryo Recent Economic Developments. “seer... >. ee ee ee

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CHAPTER 2. Macroeconomic Issues ............ 00 ccc cece cccccccccccece 9 isCalE QUC ye rte ce ates tots Soe ck LAE ae ear 9 International JTrade: g. davai lus 8 aaleathyShiau) Maia oa MRM tales eae

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:

CHAPTER

1

Background and Recent Economic Development

Background The Republic of Latvia is situated on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, bounded by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, and Russia and Belarus to the east. Latvia has a 500-

kilometer coastline on the Baltic Sea, along which lie the ice-free seaports of Ventspils, Liepaja, and Riga, the capital.

Latvia has an area of about 25,000 square miles (about 64,600 square kilometers). A little less than half the country is arable. Woodlands cover about 40 percent of the territory and are an important source of timber. About 3.5 percent of Latvia consists of water. The longest river is the Daugava, and the largest lake, Lake Razna, has an area of around 53.5 square kilometers. Peat is the most important mineral resource. Other than peat, the country is poor in natural resources. Industry accounts for nearly 49 percent of GDP and 31 percent of employment. Agriculture accounts for about 20 percent of GDP and 16 percent of employment.

Latvia has a population of about 2.7 million people, of whom 1 million live in Riga. The composition of the population changed significantly during the post-World War II years: in 1935 over three-fourths of the population were of Latvian origin; by 1990 this figure had dropped to 52 percent, with Russians accounting for 70 percent of the rest. This dramatic transformation in ethnic composition is the result of Soviet policies that encouraged immigration from the nearby regions of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. Soviet policies also resulted in an increased share of the population moving to urban areas and away from agriculture. The population of urban areas increased from 37 percent of the total population in 1935 to 70 percent in 1990.

Latvia began to industrialize toward the end of the nineteenth century. By the early 1900s it was one of the most industrially developed provinces of Russia and had superior harbor facilities.

During World War I, Latvia served as a battleground for the Germans and Russians. In 1920, a peace treaty was signed with the Soviet Union and Latvia’s independence was recognized. Trade grew steadily throughout the 1930s, with the United Kingdom and Germany accounting for about three-fourths of Latvia’s exports and imports. The Soviet Union played only a minor role in Latvia trade, accounting for only 3 percent. In 1940, the Soviet army invaded Latvia, and in August of that year Latvia was incorporated into the Soviet Union. The German occupation during 1941-44 interrupted the dominance of the Soviet Union in Latvia, but in 1944 Latvia was again occupied by the Soviet army. By the early was fully integrated into the Soviet centrally planned system. 1950s its economy Rapid industrialization occurred during the period following World War II as a result of

an aggressive capital formation strategy and forced labor movements from agriculture to industry and from other parts of the Soviet Union into Latvia. The republic’s comparatively well-developed infrastructure and skilled work force motivated Soviet central planners to establish relatively sophisticated

industries in the republic, including machine building, chemicals, electronics, wood, paper, food, and

light industries. The agriculture sector was relatively well developed, and Latvia became an exporter of meat, dairy, and fish products to the other republics of the Soviet Union.

4

Chapter 1

As a result of the relatively higher efficiency of its economy, Latvia enjoyed one of the highest standards of living among the republics, as indicated by a per capita income almost 30 percent above the Union average. However, as occurred elsewhere in the former Soviet Union, real economic growth steadily declined over the years. The technologies employed in civil industries became increasingly obsolete and the environment suffered. The shortcomings of the central planning model became more visible during the 1980s. Between 1981 and 1989, real GDP growth rates averaged 3.9 percent a year despite a level of fixed investment of around 25 percent of GDP. This implied an incremental capital output ratio twice as high as for the average developing country and great inefficiencies in the use of factors of production. The gradual abandonment of central planning by the Soviet authorities in the second half of the 1980s did not reverse this economic decline. Instead, the increasing economic and political turmoil aggravated macroeconomic imbalances and led the entire Soviet economy into crisis. At the same time, Latvia’s drive toward political and economic independence accelerated and led to the country’s renewed independence in September 1991. This enabled Latvia to take full control of its national economic policies.

Recent Economic Developments The increasing economic autonomy of the late 1980s allowed Latvia to abandon Soviet pricing policies and initiate comprehensive price reforms in 1991, one year before the implementation of similar reforms in most parts of the former Soviet Union. The Latvian price reform involved administrative price adjustments combined with a liberalization of an increasing share of commodities in the consumer basket. Price liberalization continued in several stages, and by early 1992 most prices had been liberalized, although government fears of monopoly pricing had also resulted in the imposition of maximum profit margins at the retail level. By mid-1992 those margins had been lifted, and less than

8 percent of goods and services in the consumer price index remained subject to price controls (mainly energy and municipal services).

The reduction in subsidies associated with the price reform was substantial: the ratio of subsidies to GDP decreased from 13.7 percent in 1990 to 1.3 percent in 1991, due mostly due to the reduction in price subsidies on food items. At the same time, the price reform resulted in a considerable increase in prices in 1991 compared to previous years. As shown in Table 1-1, during 1991 retail prices increased by 172 percent on an average annual basis and by 262 percent from December 1990 to December 1991. Table 1-1 also indicates the extent to which price reform in Latvia and the other two Baltic countries preceded that in the largest former Soviet republics. However, the situation reversed in 1992, with prices in Russia and the other large republics increasing faster than in Latvia. Table 1-1.

Inflation in Selected Former Soviet Republics, 1991

(percent)

eee Baltic Republics Inflation

Estonia

Latvia

Lithuania

Average

211.8

17 2e2

December 1990/December 1991

303.0

262.0

Russia

Ukraine

224.7

90.4

84.2

376.2

SZ al

136.9

Note: The figures shown are based on variations in the retail or consumer price indices. Source: Latvian authorities and World Bank staff estimates.

Background and Recent Economic Development

5

The implementation of the price reform in 1991 was influenced by two major factors.

First, the liberalization of prices and reduction of subsidies were correctly seen as fundamental components of a broader program of economic reform. The price reform contributed to the realignment of relative prices and reduced the excess demand for goods in Latvia. Second, the price reform was also a deliberate effort to reduce spillovers of excess demand in other areas of the ruble zone and to prevent internal shortages. Nominal wages were also adjusted during 1991, but there was no attempt to index them fully to prices. As a result, average real wages decreased by 29 percent in 1991 after moderate increases in the previous years (Table 1-2). The decrease in real wages that followed the price reform was consistent with macroeconomic stability, since it reduced the excess demand for goods and the costs associated with redundant labor in the state-owned enterprises. Real wages continued their decline in 1992 (Figure 1-2). Table 1-2. (percent)

Average Changes in Retail Prices and Wages 1988-91

Prices and Wages

1988

1989

1990

1991

Retail Prices

3.6

4.7

10.5

ibypas?

Nominal Wages

8.7

10.1

16.4

93.0

Real Wages

4.9

yea

5.3

-29.1

Source:

Latvian authorities.

-

The price reform had several important, but temporary, effects on the economy in 1991. For one, the faster pace of the price reform in Latvia relative to its main trading partners resulted in a significant improvement in Latvia’s terms of trade, and a corresponding shift in the trade balance from a deficit of 6.8 percent of GDP in 1990 to a surplus of 2.7 percent of GDP in 1991 (Table 1-3). Second, the price reform contributed to an improvement in the financial position of enterprises, as they were able to adjust their output prices substantially while still buying imported inputs at relatively low prices. Third, it sharply improved the government budget from a surplus of 2 percent of GDP in 1990 to a surplus of 6.4 percent of GDP in 1991, although this improvement also reflected the introduction of new taxes under the 1991 tax reform. Table 1-3:

Selected Economic Indicators, 1989-91

Average #

Real GDP

Year

Inflation (% p.a.)

Growth (% p.a.)

1989

4.7

1990

10.5

1991

P72

Imports b (% of GDP)

Oy |

Trade >

Fiscal

Balance (% of GDP)

Balance (% of GDP)

51.4

-4.7

0.8

-3.5

46.8

-6.8

2.0

-8.3

21.4

a. Inflation measured by changes in the retail price index. b. Includes inter-republican trade. Source: Latvian authorities and World Bank staff estimates.

Dell

6.4

6

Chapter 1

The improvement in the budget and in the financial situation of enterprises occurred despite the severe contraction of economic activity: real GDP fell by 3.5 percent in 1990 and 8.3 percent

in 1991 (Table 1-3).' During this period, the decline in output was offset by the terms of trade gains and the 29 percent fall in real wages, allowing enterprises to retain their work forces despite operating at low levels of capacity. As a result, the overall level of employment in 1991 remained around the previous year’s level. Although the faster pace of price reform in Latvia made it possible to avoid open unemployment, labor redundancy remained a serious problem.

The severe contraction of output was essentially due to the collapse of trade relations with the former Soviet republics, particularly Russia. Imported inputs and raw materials, especially oil products, declined from 46.8 percent of GDP in 1990 to 21.4 percent in 1991 (Table 1-3).

Such trade

disruptions were caused by attempts by the republics to limit exports and avoid internal shortages, their reluctance to accept rubles in payment, and deficiencies in payment mechanisms. Agriculture was the most affected sector (Figure 1-1). Agricultural output dropped by 17 percent in 1990 and 2 percent in 1991, mainly because of the lack of imported inputs and the drop in the output of state farms. Industry was the least affected sector and its production remained essentially unchanged from its 1990 level, partly because enterprises were able to draw down stocks, and partly because the increased production by cooperatives offset the decline in the output of state enterprises. Trade relations did not normalize in 1992, despite Latvia’s efforts to conclude trade agreements with Russia and the other former republics. Figure 1-1.

Latvia: GDP Trends, 1985-91 (percentage growth)

Figure 1-2. Consumer Prices and Average Monthly Wage, January 1991-April 1992 (index, Jan

1991

= 100.0)

1000

Average

-20 1986

1986

1987

> Agriculture Source:

1988

* Industry

1989

1990

1991

o Jan 1991

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oot

Nov

Monthly

Deo

Wage

Jan Feb 1992

Mar

Apr

“GDP at market prices

Statistical Appendix Table 2.2.

Source:

Statistical Appendix Tables 6.1 and 6.4.

1. Latvia’s per capita income in 1991 is estimated at about USD 3,410. GNP estimates for Latvia, and all economies of the former Soviet Union, are not fully in accordance with the United Nations System of National Accounts and are subject to more than the usual range of uncertainty, and should therefore be regarded as preliminary and subject to revision .

Background and Recent Economic Development

7

The contraction of economic activity was accompanied by a sharp contraction in investment.” The fall in investment was due to a variety of factors, including political and economic uncertainties, increasing excess capacity in state enterprises, and the absence of an advocate for capital in decentralized state enterprises. Consumption did not fall as much because the government partly offset the reduction in subsidies and the fall in real wages with the provision of a compensation scheme in 1991. Latvia’s macroeconomic situation worsened further during 1992. The depressing effect of trade disruptions on output was aggravated by the depleting stocks of raw materials and energy resources, the continued lack of foreign financial resources, and the sharp reversal of Latvia’s terms of trade, which resulted from the price reforms in Russia and the other former Soviet republics. Industrial output in the third quarter of 1992 was 34 percent lower than a year earlier, compared with a decline of 31 percent in the first half of the year.*> Agricultural output was also affected by a severe drought in

mid-1992. As a result, real GDP could have fallen by 30 percent in 1992. Inflation also accelerated in 1992, with monthly rates averaging 48 percent in the first quarter before declining to 13 to 15 percent in the second and third quarters. Monthly inflation rates are declining gradually and are expected to fall to 2 to 3 percent by mid-1993 under the current stabilization program.

The deterioration in Latvia’s terms of trade in 1992 not only depressed activity further, but also reversed the gains experienced in 1991. The financial situation of enterprises worsened and unemployment started to rise, albeit from a very low level. Unemployment, which was about 0.5 percent of the labor force during first part of the year, increased to about 2.0 percent in November 1992. Unemployment is expected to increase sharply in the near future as enterprises undergo restructuring. The unfavorable developments in 1992 also had an adverse impact on public finances. Profit and income tax revenues declined sharply and tax arrears by enterprises increased substantially. The negative impact of falling tax revenues and rising unemployment and expenditures on social benefits is expected to put the fiscal deficit under strong pressure in the coming months.

Latvia’s decision to stay in the ruble area did not contribute to resolving its economic difficulties during 1991 and early 1992. Instead, it resulted in increasing obstacles, including the emergence of payments bottlenecks due to the interruption of regular deliveries of ruble notes from the Russian central bank. The payments bottlenecks resulting from the scarcity of ruble notes and the inefficiencies of the banking system prompted the Latvian government to accelerate plans to introduce a national currency, the lats. However, the technical difficulties such as printing the lats in Germany, associated with the introduction of the lats led the authorities to introduce an interim currency, the Latvian ruble. The Latvian ruble was initially issued as a supplement to the Russian ruble, but was declared the sole legal tender on July 20, 1992. This is expected to remain the situation until the introduction of the lats in 1993. The government intends to stabilize the exchange rate for the Latvia ruble before circulating the lats. The Latvian ruble was initially pegged to the Russian ruble at a ratio of one to one, but since July 1992, it has been allowed to float, and has appreciated significantly in relation to the Russian ruble. Floating of the Latvian ruble was in line with the government’s policy of not imposing restrictions on foreign exchange transactions.

Zs Preliminary national accounts estimates show a 10 percentage point drop in the investment to GDP ratio between 1989 and 1991. 3: activity.

The decline may have been overstated as the national accounts data do not fully cover the rapidly rising private sector

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= S221)

Russian

32.8

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

34.0

34.0

34.0

34.0

Other

13.5

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

14.0

13.9

13.7

1325

52.325

Working Age b

58.2

58.0.

57.8

57.5

573

57.1

569

56:7

56.6

56.4

56.055560

NonWorking Age

41.8

42.0

42.2

42.5

°42.7

42.9

43.1

43.3

43.4

43.6

43.8

44.0

Labor Force (LF)

57.3

S71

56.8

56.5

563

56.1

55.8

556

55.5

55.4

553

55.0

Pension Recipients

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

22.9

23.0.

23.2:

93:3)

“a3160

078

24.1

Crude Birth Rate

14.1

14.2

14.8

15.9

15.9

15.4

Crude Death Rate

16.1

16.0

15.6

12.8

14.6

14.2

12.7.

13.0

“12,3.

12.7

13:0

13.2

912.0

“122

132"

ivoe

ian

13.1

1.3

1.5

2.5

\p2

2.9

pape

4.1

3.8

3.4

2.4

12

-0.1

Rate of Natural Increase

a. Data for 1980 refer to 1979 Census data. b. Working age is 16-59 for men and 16-54 for women. Source: State Committee for Statistics.

Statistical Appendix

227

Table 1.2 - Latvia: Employment Distribution by Sector and Enterprise Type ee

—___

reer

Sg

——

ee

1980

1981

1982

1364.4

1367.6

1371.9

1012.8

1014.7

351.6

352.9

1218.5 418.8 107.6 103.2 128.9 1196

1222.6 418.8 108.9 103.1 128.0 121.7

nes

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1394.8

1403.7

1412.6

1413.1

1406.9

1408.7

1396.8

1024.8

1027.7

1029.9

1027.8

1021.1

1008.3

1018.0

1026.1

364.8

367.1

373.8

384.8

392.0

398.6

390.7

370.7

1259.2 1252.9 413.4 406.7 118.9 101.6 107.5 109.0 122.9 118.3 124.9." 129.6

1211.4 388.5 95.6 104.8 115.9 126.5"

1139.3 367.1 86.8 100.9 101.3 121

1083.2 351.4 83.0 82.2 103.7 9eeei9o"G

796" 127.5" 170.5

S1k4 Be SZr6 se CSOs 128.5 129.) 1 2G 177.8 168.4 154.7

76.7 trees 149.3

138.8 0.0

140.3 0.4

141.0 3.

143.6 31-5

0.8 9.1

3.0 937

4.4 «11.3.

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

MeO.) 6926:3

mer34. 0926.6

Weg2:8 627:2

89.7 89.6 89.5 9430.5 9,730.3 « 330.2 79 8.0 8.1 7.4 7.4 7.4 9.4 8: Oe? 8.9 8.9 8.9 5.4 5.4 5.4 8.0 8.1 8.2 @612.2°7512.2 VAl22

89.4 4929.9 8.0 Ue) 9.0 8.9 5.4 8.3 2d

See

wa

eee

1382.6

1389.6

1018.7

1020.3

353.2

362.3

1228.4 420.4 114.8 98.3 128.9 9122/8

1240.4 421.7 109.8 102.4 129.6 9122-8

1244.8 421.6 110.8 103.2 128.6 912353

Ties) 108.1. 160.8

IZ, TSS 1090-1098 160.9 160.1

142 11t.2 168.7

ISA 112.8 169.4

TSS 184.3" 170.0

1G) 117.0" 173.4

132.7 0.0

132.5 0.0

133.0 0.0

134.6 0.0

136.6 0.0

137.6 0.0

0.5 12.7

0.5 12.0

0.6 9.9

0.8 6.8

0.6 7.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Material Sector NonMaterial Sector

74.2 25.8

14. 25.8

250874Sob 3-8 3m 132) 025.7999 26.2 6526.3

By Type of Enterprise State Sector Industry Agriculture Construction Transport & Communications Trade & Public Catering Health and Related Activitie Education Other Branches

89.3 30.7 7.9 7.6 9.4 8.8 a2 7.9 11.8

89.4 89.5 30.6) (430.6 8.0 8.4 UP) om 9.4 9.4 8.9 9.0 a.3 3.3 8.0 8.0 11.8°R011-7

(Thousands of Persons) TOTAL

UA LTE. .VEO...

By Economic Sectors Material Sector

NonMaterial Sector By Type of Enterprise State Sector Industry Agriculture Construction Transport & Communications Trade & Public Catering

Health & Related Activities Education, Culture & Arts Other Branches Cooperative Farms Cooperative Production and Services Self-Employed Private Employment (Percent of Total) TOTAL

1248.8 1255.0 420.7 419.2 112.8 112.7 103.5 105.2 128.3 126.2 1123.7125.2

0.7 Ned.

145.6 S¥an29t0e

152.1 S83

TEU ee ilaSs *13s2eped 7.4

100.0

18.2 20.3

100.0

100.0

a2.3 V7.7

ile 2a Seee Tee

1335 26.5

89:1 @29:3 8.4 7.6 8.7 8.8 5.6 8.6 a

88.7 W288) 72 oer. 8.4 9.2 5.8 9.1 PIG

$6.1 227 6.8 7.4 8.2 9.0 5.9 9.2 OO

80:9 Jo 6.2 M2 We 8.7 ay 9.0

TIS 25.2 5.9 5.9 7.4 8.6 bie 8.4 10.7

By Economic Sectors

Cooperative Farms Cooperative Production and Services Self-Employed Private Employment

9.7 0.0

9.7 0.0

9.7 0.0

9.7 0.0

9.8 0.0

9.9 0.0

9.9 0.0

7.9 0.0

-10.0 0.2

105" pda}

"tre 6.3

10.3 9.4

0.0 0.9

0.0 0.9

0.0 0.7

0.1 0.5

0.0 0.5

0.1 0.6

0.1 0.6

0.2 0.7

0.3 0.8

0.5 0.9

0.8 Led

13 be)

Source: State Committee for Statistics.

228

Statistical Appendix

Table 2.1 - Latvia: Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices ee Seg 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 ee ee ee ee a Oe iio eee ee ee ee fe 5 (Mn of Current Rubles) By Industrial Origin: 1111.0 1347.0 1600.0 1862.0 1882.0 1823.0 892.0 Agriculture 903.0 1130.0 1369.0 1620.0 1629.0 1559.0 697.0 Net Value-Added

1989 1988 1987 ee ee eee

1990

1991

2098.0 1805.0

2233.0 1931.0

5739.0 NA

1649.0 1372.0

2086.0 1802.0

195.0

208.0

217.0

231.0

242.0

253.0

264.0

277.0

284.0

293.0

302.0

NA

Industry

3613.0

3790.0

3715.0

3326.0

3260.0

3348.0

3617.0

3774.0

3657.0

4043.0

5178.0

12303.0

Net Value-Added Depreciation Construction

3254.0 359.0 464.0

3409.0 381.0 495.0

3306.0 409.0 505.0

2887.0 439.0 523.0

2796.0 464.0 588.0

2855.0 493.0 613.0

3109.0 508.0 576.0

3241.0 533.0 636.0

3099.0 558.0 726.0

3436.0 607.0 833.0

4534.0 644.0 807.0

NA NA 1604.0

Net Value-Added

412.0

440.0

449.0

463.0

526.0

548.0

513.0

559.0

640.0

744.0

717.0

NA

52.0

550

560

60.0

620

650

63.0

77.0

86.0

89.0

90.0

NA

Transport & Communications

538.0

568.0

609.0

656.0

715.0

733.0

772.0

794.0

862.0

884.0

1009.0

NA

Net Value-Added Depreciation Other Material Services Net Value-Added Depreciation NonMaterial Services * Net Value-Added * Depreciation Gross Domestic Product at mp Net Value-Added Depreciation

321.0 217.0 1132.0 1106.0 26.0 1265.6 1041.6 224.0 7904.6 6831.6 1073.0

343.0 225.0 1232.0 1205.0 277.0 1267.8 1035.8 232.0 8463.8 7335.8 1128.0

373.0 236.0 1315.0 1286.0 +290 1369.9 1128.9 241.0 8860.9 7672.9 1188.0

410.0 246.0 1355.0 1325.0 300 1463.6 1209.6 254.0 8923.6 7663.6 1260.0

447.0 268.0 1387.0 1354.0 330 1480.2 1215.2 265.0 9292.2 7958.2 1334.0

459.0 274.0 893.0 859.0 340 1561.0 1284.0 277.0 9030.0 7634.0 1396.0

466.0 306.0 933.0 898.0 35.0 1604.0 1318.0 286.0 9325.0 7863.0 1462.0

475.0 319.0 934.0 896.0 38.0 1675.3 1370.3 305.0 9462.3 7913.3 1549.0

668.0 551.0 526.0 341.0 333.0 336.0 990.0 1133.0 1043.0 954.0 1094.0 1004.0 36.0 39.0 39.0 1635.1 1937.2 1931.0 1302.1 1585.2 1563.0 333.0 352.0 368.0 9956.1 10928.2 12201.0 8323.1 9215.2 10417.0 1633.0 1713.0 1784.0

NA NA 7710.0 NA NA 1309.0 NA NA 28665.0 NA NA

5322.6 4539.8 782.8 2029.0 2003.8 25.2, 553.0

5521.8 4705.8 816.0 2532.0 2013.1 518.9 410.0

5804.9 4936.7 868.2 2710.0 2205.3 504.7 346.0

5964.6 5050.5 914.1 2798.0 2307.5 490.5 161.0

6085.2 5125.3 959.9 3069.0 2498.1 570.9 138.0

5839.0 4811.1 1027.9 3194.0 2910.1 283.9 3.0

5972.0 4891.9 1080.1 3396.0 3192.6 203.4 -43.0

6148.3 4990.7 1157.6 3505.0 3285.8 219.2 -191.0

6210.1 5009.8 1200.3 3616.0 3420.4 195.6 130.0

8226.0 6888.5 1337.5 4057.0 3337.9 719.1 -82.0

16198.0 13249.6 2948.4 9669.5 NA NA 2797.5

20.8 18.0 2.8 37.1 31:6 5.5 6.8

19.5 16.7 2.8 38.8 74333 5.4 6.2

17.4 14.5 2.9 39.9 34.3 5.6 6.7

21.0 18.1 2.9 36.7 Sil 5.6 3

19.2 16.5 pa 370 31 Ave 5.6 7.6

18.3 15.8 DS 42.4 37:2 53 6.6

20.0 NA NA 42.9 NA NA 5.6

Depreciation

Depreciation

By Expenditure Category: Consumption Private Consumption Government Consumption Gross Domestic Investment Gross Fixed Investment Increase in Stocks Net Exports (GNFS)

Percentage Shares of GDP By Industrial Origin: Agriculture Net Value-Added Depreciation Industry Net Value-Added Depreciation Construction

6789.2 5546.2 1243.0 3892.0 3493.0 399.0 247.0

11.3 8.8 2.5 45.7 41.2 4.5 5.9

13.1 10.7 20 448 40.3 4.5 5.8

15.2 12.8 2.4 41.9 37.3 4.6 5.7

17.9 15.3 2.6 37.3 32.4 4.9 5.9

20.0 17.4 2.6 35.1 30.1 5.0 6.3

Net Value-Added

5.2

5.2

St

a2

5.1

6.1

5.5

5.9

6.4

6.8

5.9

NA

Depreciation

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.8

0.7

NA

6.8

6.7

6.9

7.4

hel

8.1

8.3

8.4

8.7

8.1

8.3

NA

4.1 2) 14.3 14.0 0.3 16.0 13.2 2.8 100.0

4.1 al, 14.6 14.2 0.3 15.0 12.2 al 100.0

4.2 Zab 14.8 14.5 0.3 15.5 V2 Dal. 100.0

86.4 13.6

4.6 2.8 15.2 14.8 0.3 16.4 13.6 2.8 100.0

48 2.9 14.9 14.6 0.4 15.9 13.1 2.9 100.0

86.7 133,

5:31 3.0 9.9 9.5 0.4 17.3 14.2 3.1 100.0

866 4134

5.0 33 10.0 9.6 0.4 ee 14.1 3.1 100.0

859 856 214.1 oe 164

5.0 3.4 9.9 9.5 0.4 17.7 14.5 3.2 100.0

5.3 3.4 9.9 9.6 0.4 16.4 13.1 3.3 100.0

845 PISS:

5.0 3.0 10.4 10.0 0.4 i Wieg 14.5 32 100.0

SS 2.8 8.5 8.2 0.3 15.8 12.8 3.0 100.0

843 515.7

NA NA 26.9 NA NA 4.6 NA NA 100.0

836 2164:

836 843 164 ye15 7

85.4 antes

NA NA

Transport & Communications Net Value-Added Depreciation Other Material Services Net Value-Added Depreciation NonMaterial Services * Net Value-Added te Depreciation GDP at mp

Net Value-Added Depreciation By Expenditure Category:

Consumption

Private Consumption

_

Government Consumption

Gross Domestic Investment

Gross Fixed Investment Increase in Stocks Net Exports (GNFS)

673

62

655

668

57.4

655

59:6

G47

7055.7

G40

0956.6,

65.0

1,055.2

62.4

62.1

0293.5

S674

52.5

b565

52.7

503

50

10.2

Rees

10.3

46.2

11.4

11.0

9.9

25h

9.6

9.8

29.9

30.6)

0.3 7.0

6.1 4.8

3°

38

29

5.7 3.9

31.4...33.0

259

269

55 1.8

6.1 1.5

11.4

11.6

354

12.2

36.4.

12.1

37.0

| 363)

3.1 00

22 05

2.3 -2.0

2.0 1.3

“322

342

45647 | 444

9 356 ' 433

oO

Sef 2.3

5.9 0.7

10.3

33.7

ne NA 9.8

* Excludes expenditure on social and cultural services furnished by enterprises of the material sphere to their employees

Note: GDP methodology changed in 1991. The 1991 GDP data were calculated on the basis of the European ora of Integrated Economic Accounts (ESA) and the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC, Revised 3).

Sources: State Committee for Statistics and Bank staff estimates.

;

Statistical Appendix

229

©

Table 2.2 - Latvia: GDP by Industrial Origin at Constant 1990 Prices

——

a

ee

1980

na

Agriculture Net Value-Added Depreciation

2033.6 1821.5 212.1 3359.9 Net Value-Added 2969.4 Depreciation 390.5 Construction 517.6 Net Value-Added 461.1 Depreciation 56.6: Trans & Communications port 705.2 Net Value-Added 469.1 Depreciation 236.0 Other Material Services 655.0 Net Value-Added 626.7 Depreciation 28.3 NonMaterial Services* 1714.5 Net Value-Added* 1470.5 Depreciation 244.0 GDP at mp 8985.8 Net Value-Added 7818.3 Depreciation 1167.5

1981

1982

2209.7 2256.9 1990.7 2030.1 219.0 226.7 3494.3 3601.7 3093.3 3174.3 401.1 427.4 5443 539.0 486.4 480.5 *57.9~JS85' 730.8 749.7 493.9 503.1 236.8 246.6 696.5 749.4 668.1 719.1 © 28.4: 0.303 1688.2 1677.9 1444.2 1425.9 244.0 252.0 9363.8 9574.5 8176.6 8333.0 1187.2 1241.5

ee

1983

2454.2 2199.9 2543 3728.0 3244.8 483.2 559.2 493.2 106610° 823.5 552.7 270.8 796.9 763.8 5.993.0 1716.2 1436.2 280.0 10077.9 8690.6 1387.3

eee 1984

I 1985

1986

ee 1987

1988

ee

(Min of Rubles) 2754.8 2541.9 2697.8 2487.8 2246.1 2384.6 2669 295.8 3132 3807.5 3885.9 4134.2 3295.7 3309.5 3531.6 5118 5763 6026 619.9 621.7 6188 5515 545.7 544.0 168.4 2976.0 '74t7 899.3 9148 968.0 603.7 5945 605.0 295.6 3203 363.0 846.3 879.1 884.5 809.9 839.4 843.0 0.36.4 £.4°99.72° 415.00 1739.4 1768.0 1809.9 1447.4 1444.0 1470.9 292.0 324.0 339.0 10667.2 10611.4 11113.1 9196.1 8979.3 9379.1 1471.1 1632.1 1734.0

Sr 1989

a 1990

1991

2554.2 2553.7 2675.4 2233.0 2306.0 2220.5 2215.1 2330.2 19310 NA 333.6 3386 3452 3020 NA 4388.7 4662.9 4937.1 5178.0 5461.0 3746.7 3997.7 4222.0 45340 NA 6420 665.2 715.1 6440 NA 636.2 731.6 807.8 807.0 693.0 5435 629.0 702.9 7170 NA 2292'7 Ho's 1045 Mle0.0. ANA 1005.5 1086.0 1094.7 1009.0 NA 621.3 685.4 7024 6680 NA 3842 4005 3923 341.0 NA 888.2 932.8 10923 1043.0 2612.0 842.4 889.9 10463 10040 NA 459:209429 — 45 9bbASIOY BINA 1908.4 1990.5 2029.8 1931.0 383.0 1541.4 1593.5 16148 1563.0 NA 367.0 397.0 415.0 3680 NA 11381.1 11957.4 12637.1 12201.0 11455.0 9515.8 10010.6 10618.7 104170 NA 1865.4 1946.7 2018.4 1784.0 NA

Growth Rates (%)

Agriculture Net Value-Added Depreciation Industry Net Value-Added Depreciation Construction Net Value-Added Depreciation Transport & Communications Net Value-Added Depreciation Other Material Services Net Value-Added Depreciation NonMaterial Services * Net Value-Added * Depreciation GDP at mp : Net Depreciation —“—“—_—__—rr—r—r—————

7 sells eR heat AD eel Fe ecot 53 00 03g 50.0) a8 oid.1 Dw Gln ae aN a5 as NA 57 35 6.1 19 NA 3:7 aie? SNK

* Excludes expenditure on social and cultural services furnished by enterprises of the material sphere to their employees. Note: GDP methodology changed in 1991. The 1991 GDP data were calculated on the basis of the European System of Integrated Economic Accounts (ESA) and the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC, Revised 3).

Sources: State Committee for Statistics and Bank staff estimates.

230

Statistical Appendix

Table 2.3 - Latvia: GDP Implicit Price Deflators (1990 = 100.0)

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

Agriculture Net Value-Added Depreciation

43.9 38.3 SIE9

50.3 45.4 95.0

59.7 55.7 95.7

65.2 62.2 90.9

67.6 65.1 90.7

74.0 72.5 85.5

67.6 65.4 84.3

64.6 81.7 61.8 81.3 83.07.8339

78.4 77.5 84.9

100.0 100.0 100.0

248.9 NA NA

Industry Net Value-Added Depreciation

107.5 109.6 S19

108.5 110.2 95.0

103.1 104.1 95.7

89.2 89.0 90.9

85.6 84.8 90.7

86.2 86.3 85.5

87.5 88.0 84.3

86.0 $6.5. §3.0)5

81.9 81.4 84.9

100.0 100.0 100.0

225.3 NA NA

Construction Net Value-Added Depreciation

89.6 89.4 91.9

90.9 ..93.7 90.5 93.4 95.0957)

93.5 93.9 90:9

94.9 95.4 59057

98.6 100.4 85.5

93:1). 94.3 84.3

Transport & Communications Net Value-Added Depreciation

76.3 68.4 91.9

Uo 69.4 95.0

TE 74.2 90.9

IY) 74.0 90.7

80.1 Wile? 85.5

79.8 WYAY 84.3

2 74.1 95.7

176.9; 175.5.4170.0 163.9 180.4 178.8 173.5 167.2 95.0 ~~ 95.7. 90.9 90:7

‘101.6 105.5_ 102.3 106.5 85.5 84.3

78.4 377.5 583.9

100.0 © :99:2.45,410334-91 102.9 101.7 105.8 83.0 83.9 84.9 79.0 76.5 83.0

79.4 76.7 83.9

80.8 78.4 84.9

| 105.2.106.1.. 106.4 107.2 83.0 83.9

103.7. 104.6 84.9

00, One 23125 100.0 NA 100.0 NA 100.0 100.0 100.0

NA NA NA

Other Material Services Net Value-Added Depreciation

172.8 176.5 91.9."

100:0577295.2 100.0 NA 100.0 NA

NonMaterial Services * Net Value-Added * Depreciation

73.8 70.8 91.8

Sel): ..71.7 95.1

SRG: -:79.2 95.6

SSS .+84.2 90.7

58531 84.0 90.8

88.3 88.9 85.5

88.6 89.6 84.4

S/S = S2ek 88.9 81.7 83.1 83.9

95.4 98.2 84.8

100.0 100.0 100.0

341.8 NA NA

GDP at mp Net Value-Added Depreciation

88.0 87.4 91.9

90.4 89.7 95.0

92.5 92.1 95.7

88.5 88.2 90.8

87.1 86.5 90.7

85.1, 85.0 85.5

83.9 83.8 84.3

83155833 S32 geo oek 83.0 83.9

86.5 86.8 84.9

100.0 100.0 100.0

250.2 NA NA

* Excludes expenditure on social and cultural services furnished by enterprises of the material sphere to their employees. Note: GDP methodology changed in 1991. The 1991 GDP data were calculated on the basis of the European System of Integrated Economic Accounts (ESA) and the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC, Revised 3). Sources: State Committee for Statistics and Bank staff estimates.

Statistical Appendix Tatle 2.4 - Latvia:

231

National Income and Gross Domestic Product

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

6545.3 6542.3 1254.7 1286.3

7021.1 1427.3

7629.5 1701.2

(MIln of Current Rubles)

Net Material Product Wages & Salaries, NonMaterial

1 2

5790.3 6299.8 992.2 1007.1

6543.9 6454.5 1093.5 1128.2

6743.6 6349.6 1138.0 1200.1

Sphere

Social Security Contributions in the NonMaterial Sphere Insurance Compensation received by Material Sphere Profit, NonMaterial Sphere Losses in Reserves in the Material Sphere Insurance Premiums Paid, Material Sphere Social/Cultural Expenditures of Material Sphere for Employees Imputed Gross Output of Financial Institutions Net Factor Income from Abroad National Income at Market Prices (Net National Product) = (1+2+3+4+5-6-7-8-9 + 10) Consumption of Fixed Capital

Gross Domestic Product at mp = (11412)

3

539.7

59.8

64.6

65.9

73.9

71.3

75.3

86.2

76.8

65.2

4

44.0

37.3

17.6

11.9

6.10"

21.1

14.3

33.9

60.2

50.2

5 6

89:33: 29.6

“100.6 46.2

“123.33 473

“197.0 ~ "199.0 52.2 34.1

223.3" 63.5

"208.6" 56.8

2242 > "35:8 59.6 57.6

65.4 60.3

7

S25)

esl

AyWeeDaten Es

QDI“

6

80.7

83.7

989.9

64.6

8

84.9

95.0

98.1

104.8

112.1

117.2

120.7

142.3

185.8

200.8

9

0.0

0.0

0.0

860.0

0.0

80.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.00.0 0.0 7837.0 7887.3

0.0 8291.9

9185.8

1488.0

1664.2

1742.4

10 11

12

13

0.0 0.0 6828.7 7330.7

1075.9

1133.1

7904.6 8463.8

0.0 0.0 7665.6 7648.8

1195.3 1274.8

8860.9 8923.6

Note: The NMP figure in this table used as the ’true’ NMP figure. Source: State Committee of Statistics.

0.0 0.0 7942.1 7607.7

1350.1

1422.3.

9292.2 9030.0

1575.0

9325.0 9462.3 9956.1 10928.2

232 Table 2.5 - Latvia:

Statistical Appendix Net Material Product at Current Prices

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1970

1975

1980

3737.8

4751.8

57903

(Min of Current Rubles) 6299.8 6543.9 64545 6743.6 6349.6 65453

6542.3 7021.1

7629.5 8848.5 17283.0

Industry Agnaulture

1976.0 8733.8

Construction

281.0

Transport & Communications Other Matenal Services *

166.0 441.0

2593.0 812.8 429.0 260.0 657.0

3254.0 697.1 412.0 321.0 1106.2

3409.0 902.7 440.0 343.0 1205.1

3306.0 1130.2 449.0 373.0 1285.7

2887.0 13693 463.0 410.0 1325.2

2796.0 2855.0 3109.0 1620.4 1628.8 15593 526.0 548.0 513.0 447.0 459.0 466.0 1354.2 858.8 898.0

3241.0 3099.0 1371.7 1802.0 559.0 640.0 475.0 526.0 895.6 954.1

3436.0 4534.0 10565.0 1804.9 1930.5 2835.0 744.0 717.0 1585.0 680.0 551.0 668.0 1093.6 999.0 1618.0

By Final Use: Consumption 2762.0 Personal Consumption 2497.0 Social Consumption 265.0 Investment (Accumulation) 893.0 Net Fixed Investment 425.0 Others (w/ Change in Stock) 468.0 Losses on Fixed Capital 18.0

3507.0 3105.0 402.0 957.0 575.0 382.0 30.0

4540.0 4045.0 495.0 732.0 492.0 240.0 38.0

4761.0 4245.0 516.0 1172.0 529.0 643.0 500

4857.0 4308.0 549.0 1281.0 622.0 659.0 530

4911.0 4333.0 578.0 1284.0 582.0 702.0 57.0

5041.0 5222.0 5367.0 4434.0 4572.0 4684.0 607.0 650.0 683.0 1470.0 1521.0 1648.0 690.0 864.0 933.0 780.0 657.0 715.0 4.0 69.0 62.0

5511.0 5803.0 4779.0 5044.0 732.0 759.0 1651.0 1650.0 1007.0 800.0 644.0 850.0 70.0 66.0

6109.0 6990.0 15221.0 5323.0 5996.0 13391.0 786.0 994.0 1830.0 506.0 1827.0 1774.0 803.0 799.0 -965.0 1024.0 975.0 1471.0 73.0 137.0 160.0

258.0 NA NA

480.0 NA NA

317.0 NA NA

353.0 NA NA

202.0 NA NA

189.0 ~462.0 -532.0 NA NA NA NA NA NA

689.0 NA NA

-498.0 NA NA

379.0 NA NA

-52.0 NA NA

1396.0 NA NA

Net Material Product *

19811982,

1983

1984

1985

1986

By Ongin:

end Stocks (Discrepancy) Foreign (Resource) Balance

Exports, GNFS Imports, GNFS

65.0

NA NA

As Percentage of Net Material Product Net Material Product *

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

By Ongin: Industry Agriculture Construction Transport & Communications Other Material Services *

52.9 23.4 75 44 11.8

54.6 17.1 9.0 55 13.8

56.2 12.0 7.1 Rie) 19.1

By Final Use: Consumption Personal Consumption Social Consumption Investment (Accumulation) Net Fixed Investment Others (w/ Change in Stock) Losses on Fixed Capital

Bod 66.8 7.1 3.9 11.4 12.5 0S

B8 653 85 20.1 12.1 8.0 0.6

LET

5.4 NA NA

end Stocks (Discrepancy)

Foreign (Resource) Balance

Exports, GNFS Imports, GNFS

NA NA

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

54.1 143 7.0 5.4 19.1

SOS 44.7 1 Siee2 12 6.9 1 5.7 6.4 19.6 205

415 70 78 6.6 AMAL

450 27 $655 Tetm Ww GR)S)

475 2.8 4/8 Hl IEE

495 Z2L.Oe $5, DS 1357

441 25:7) 9:1 Se1S 36

45.0 23.7 98 2 143

sy 21.8 8.1 TS 113

61.1 16.4 a2 39 9.4

B8.4 69.9 85 12.6 8.5 4.1 0.7

5.6 674 8.2 18.6 8.4 10.2 0.8

742 658 8.4 19.6 95 10.1 0.8

76.1 67.1 9.0 19.9 9.0 10.9 0.9

748 658 90 21.8 102 116 0.6

82.2 72.0 102 240 136 103 ri

82.0 71.6 104 252 143 109 09

84.2 BO 11-2) 22 154 veo 1.1

82.7 718 10:8 235 114 PL 0.9

80.1 69.8 103 239 10.5 13.4 1.0

PO 67.8 2 20.0 9.0 11.0 cS

88.1 715 10.6 Jos) 5.6 85 0.9

83 NA NA

5.0 NA NA

5.4 NA NA

3.1 NA NA

28: NA NA

73° NA NA

81 NA NA

“105 NA NA

= -7.1 NA NA

5.0 NA NA

0.6 NA NA

8.1 NA NA

* Adjusted to match figures from the State Committee of Statistics. Source: State Committee for Statistics.

Statistical Appendix Table 2.6 - Latvia: Net Material Product at Constant 1990 Prices et

1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 a

1985

Se 1986

1987

1988

233

tt ee 1989

1990

il 1991

Net Material Product

6293.4

(Min of 1990 Rubles) 6626.9 6833.0 7098.8 7432.5 7418.4 7758.9 7875.2 8364.3 8983.2

By Onin: Industry Agriculture Construction Transport & Communications Trade & Others Statistical Discrepancy

2969.4 1821.7 461.1 469.1 626.8 54.8

3093.3 3174.3 1990.1 2030.5 486.4 480.5 4935.9 503.1 668.2 718.9 -104.9 -74.2

3244.8 2200.4 493.2 552.7 764.0 -156.2

3295.7 2488.5 551.5 603.7 810.0 -316.9

3309.5 3531.6 3746.7 3997.7 4222.0 4534.0 4638.3 2245.8 2385.1 2220.0 2215.1 2330.1 1930.5 1861.0 545.7 544.0 543.5 629.0 702.9 717.0 595.1 594.5 605.0 621.3 685.4 702.4 668.0 563.1 839.2 843.0 842.0 890.0 1046.0 999.0 853.1 -116.4 -149.8 -98.3 -53.0 -20.2 0.07 2:5

5597.5 5047.8 549.7 1072.2 694.9 377.3 446.3 NA NA 70.0

5786.9 5654.0 5214.4 5052.2 572.5 601.8 1656.8 1738.4 757.3 867.4 899.5 871.0 -916.1 664.9 NA NA NA NA 99.4 105.5

5739.8 5103.2 636.6 1692.2 791.0 901.1 -451.5 NA NA 1184

5956.2 5287.0 669.2 1773.3 798.5 974.8 -388.2 NA NA 91,3

6150.6 5445.6 705.1 1889.8 964.7 925.1 -714.5 NA NA 92.4

6214.2 5473.3 740.9 2138.8 1031.5 1107.4 -681.6 NA NA 87.4

By Final Use: Consumption Personal Consumption Social Consumption Investment (Accumulation) Net Fixed Investment Others (w/ Change in Stock) Foreign (Resource) Balance Exports, GNFS Imports, GNFS Losses on Fixed Capital end Stocks

8848.5 8513.1

6322.7 6626.3 6788.2 6990.0 5630.6 5527.5 5803.9 5948.4 5996.0 4958.7 795.2 822.4 839.7 994.0 671.9 2145.4 2105.7 2020.4 1774.0 NA 1066.5 820.7 653.3 799.0 NA 1078.9 1285.0 1367.1 975.0 NA 692.9 454.0 97.8 -525 NA NA NA _ NA NA NA NA NA NA NA_ NA 100.0 863 76.9 137.0 NA

Growth Rates (Percent)

Net Material Product

5.3

3.1

3.9

4.7

0.2

46

15

62

By Ongin: Industry Agriculture Construction Transport & Communications Trade & Others

4.2 9.2 Bye) 33 6.6

2.6 2.0 ily? 1.9 7.6

De 8.4 Paty 9.9 6.3

1.6 13.1 SNR: 9.2 6.0

0.4 -9.8 11 -1.5 3.6

6.7 62 03 18 OS"

6.1 69 01 27 O19

65/7 02 157 103 SPP

By Final Use: Consumption Personal Consumption Social Consumption Investment (Accumulation) Net Fixed Investment Others (w/ Change in Stock)

3.4 33 4.2 54.5 90 138.4

23 8 -3.1 5.1 4.9 145 -3.2

1.5 1.0 5.8 -2.7 8.8 3.5

3.8 3.6 Syl 4.8 0.9 8.2

3.3 3.0 5.4 66 20.8 5.1

Way! OS ep 132 69 19.7

iN9/ Fel0 iZes! 03 3.4 26.

Foreign (Resource) Balance

105.3

-274

-32.1

-14.0

84.0

+46

1.7

48 5.0 34 -18 -23.0 191

74

-15

3.8

=5.6 1 Ameeer Ss 52 -172 3.6 118 2.0 -17.0 25 49 -15.7 a7S = oS -ieG

2.4 2.5 2.1 41 -204 64

3.0 0.8 184 -122 223 -28.7

-19.4 -17.3 -32.4 NA NA NA

-34.5 -1215

153.7

NA

Losses on Fixed Capital 42.0 62 12.2 -22.9 12 54 145 -13.7 -109 781 NA end Stocks ssmihppnceens s esnssoeinonnnssoeeesomipsesco spasms asintine ssscet Sources:

State Committee for Statistics and Bank staff estimates.

234

Statistical Appendix

Table 2.7 - Latvia: Net Material Product Implicit Price Deflators (1990 = 100.0)

Net Material Product

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

92.0

95.1

95.8

90.9

90.7

85.6

84.4

83.1

83.9

84.9

100.0

203.0

109.6 38.3 89.4 68.4 176.5

110.2 45.4 90.5 69.4 180.4

104.1 55.7 93.4 74.1 178.8

89.0 62.2 93.9 74.2 173.5

848 65.1 95.4 74.0 167.2

86.3 72.5 100.4 77.2 102.3

77.5 81.4 81.3 77.5 101.7 105.8 76.7 78.4 107.2 104.6

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

227.8 152.3 266.3 120.8 189.7

81.1 80.1 90.1 68.3 70.8 63.6 54.3,

82.3 81.4 90.1 70.7 69.9 71.5 50.3

85.9 85.3 91.2 73.7 71.7 75.7 50.2

85.6 84.9 90.8 75.9 73.6 77.9 48.2

84.6 83.9 90.7 82.9 86.4 80.0 47.1

84.9 84.0 92.2 80.5 89.6 71.0 74.7

87.6 90.0 86.9 89.5 92.3 93.6 78.4 90.4 97.5 122.9 66.1 74.9 76.4 94.9

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

270.3 270.1 272.3 NA NA NA NA

By Origin:

Industry Agriculture Construction Transport & Communications Trade & Others

88.0 86.5 65.4 61.8 94.3 102.9 77.0 76.5 106.5 106.4

By Final Use:

Consumption Personal Consumption Social Consumption Investment (Accumulation) Net Fixed Investment Others (w/ Change in Stock) Losses on Fixed Capital end Stocks

Sources: State Committee for Statistics and Bank staff estimates.

86.4 85.6 92.2 77.1 90.5 64.6 71.0

87.2 86.5 92.1 77.0 94.4 59.7 70.0

°

Statistical Appendix

235

Table 2.8 - Latvia: Gross Output at Current Prices ee ls PE a My NE Ciyatow al Jatian) stv) ge

1980

81981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

ne

1988

1989

0 ¢ Jeu

1990

1991

eee

(MIn of Rubles)

Industry Gross Output Material Input Net Product

9060.0 9367.0 5806.0 5958.0 3254.0 3409.0

9752.0 6446.0 3306.0

9433.0 6546.0 2887.0

9625.0 6829.0 2796.0

9968.0 10394.0 10773.0 10835.0 11540.0 12639.0 7113.0 7285.0 7532.0 7736.0 8104.0 8105.0 2855.0 3109.0 3241.0 3099.0 3436.0 4534.0

Agriculture Gross Output Material Input Net Product

2053.1 2307.7 1356.0 1405.0 697.1. 902.7.

2568.2 1438.0 1130.2

2974.3 1605.0 1369.3

3285.4 1665.0 1620.4

3355.8 1727.0 1628.8

3338.3 1779.0 1559.3

3210.7 1839.0 1371.7

3752.0 1950.0 1802.0

3842.9 2038.0 1804.9

4131.5 2201.0 1930.5

5431.0 2596.0 2835.0

Construction Gross Output Material Input Net Product

28798.0 18233.0 10565.0

845.0 433.0 412.0

928.0 488.0 440.0

942.0 493.0 449.0.

1009.0 546.0 463.0

1110.0 584.0 526.0

1134.0 586.0 548.0

1166.0 653.0 513.0

1256.0 697.0 559.0

1331.0 691.0 640.0

1526.0 782.0 744.0

1404.0 687.0 717.0

3091.0 1506.0 1585.0

Transport and Communication Gross Output 600.0 Material Input 279.0 Net Product 321.0

633.0 290.0 343.0

696.0 323.0 373.0

756.0 346.0 410.0

798.0 351.0 447.0

907.0 448.0 459.0

943.0 477.0 466.0

953.0 478.0 475.0

1003.0 477.0 526.0

1022.0 471.0 551.0

1157.0 489.0 668.0

1168.0 488.0 680.0

Trade Gross Output Material Input Net Product

1210.2 1314.1 104.0 109.0 1106.2 1205.1

1404.7 119.0 1285.7

1455.2 130.0 1325.2

1489.2 1031.8 135.0 173.0 1354.2, 858.8

1068.0 170.0 898.0

1076.6 181.0 895.6

1176.1 222.0 954.1

1334.6 241.0 1093.6

1330.0 331.0 999.0

2117.0 499.0 1618.0

Total Economy Gross Output Material Input Net Product

13768.314549.8 7978.0 8250.0 5790.3 6299.8

15362.9 15627.5 16307.6 16396.6 16909.3 17269.3 18097.1 19265.5 20661.5 8819.0 9173.0 9564.010047.0 10364.0 10727.0 11076.0 11636.0 11813.0 6543.9 6454.5 6743.6 6349.6 6545.3 6542.3 7021.1 7629.5 8848.5

40605.0 23322.0 17283.0

Memorandum Item: Income received from Foreign Trade

556.0

638.0

rr

Source:

State Committee for Statistics.

686.0

721.0

743.0

243.0

224.0

211.0

197.0

238.0

47.0

eee

NA

236

Statistical Appendix

Table 2.9 - Latvia: Capital Investment by State Enterprises and Organizations (Min of Current Rubles)

TOTAL of which in: Industry Agriculture Construction Transport Communications Trade and Catering Housing Municipal Services Health Protection and Social Maintenance Public Education Culture and Art

1980

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

887.0

950.0

1029.0

1120.0

1259.0

1360.0

1324.0

1581.0

248.0 233.0 25.0 85.0 12.0 20.0 132.0 47.0 17.0

282.0 238.0 27.0 90.0 18.0 10.0 143.0 58.0 18.0

256.0 230.0 32.0 97.0 15.0 14.0 151.0 66.0 20.0

290.0 269.0 31.0 132.0 16.0 12.0 162.0 78.0 16.0

363.0 261.0 47.0 107.0 18.0 13.0 170.0 83.0 18.0

511.0 250.0 48.0 129.0 38.0 13.0 182.0 92.0 38.0

438.0 253.0 30.0 135.0 34.0 20.0 184.0 102.0 33.0

410.0 324.0 31.0 138.0 23.0 18.0 309.0 161.0 58.0

20.0 10.0

26.0 9.0

29.0 8.0

30.0 12.0

38.0 11.0

40.0 9.0

39.0 14.0

70.0 29.0

Source: State Committee for Statistics.

Statistical Appendix Table 3.1 - Latvia:

237

Balance of Payments - Consolidated

(MIn of Rubies)

Sa e a ee ae Sa Current Account Trade Balance Exports 4 Imports b Services Balance Receipts Shipment/Transport Travel Other © Payments Shipment/Transport Other incl Travel Unrequited Transfers, Netd Capital Account Medium & Long-Term, Net Short-Term Capital, Net © Over-all Balance f

1980

1981

_71185.0 -1469.0 255.0 96.0 4252.0 4449.0 3997.0 4353.0 298.0 314.0 599.0 620.0 332.0 354.0 47.0 43.0 220.0 223.0 301.0 306.0 115.0 108.0 186.0 198.0 -1738.0 -1879.0 502.0 38.0 464.0

259.0 -20.0 279.0

683.0 -1210.0

1982

1983

-1412.0 -86.0 4562.0 4648.0 432.0 814.0 399.0 4640 369.0 382.0 88.0 294.0 -1758.0 241.0 0.0 241.0

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

-1488.0 -1260.0 -1297.0 -1283.0 -1567.0 -996.0 -1092.0 -314.0 -317.0 ~469.0 -588.0 -672.0 635.0 -515.0 4639.0 4710.0 4991.0 5091.0 4617.0 4602.0 5107.0 4953.0 5027.0 5460.0 5679.0 5289.0 5237.0 5622.0 475.0 455.0 466.0 545.0 481.0 765.0 762.0 879.0 904.0 909.0 983.0 890.0 1081.0 1076.0 540.0 486.0 505.0 532.0 472.0 572.0 589.0 430 440 440 600 590 780 500 296.0 374.0 360.0 391.0 359.0 431.0 437.0 404.0 449.0 443.0 438.0 409.0 316.0 314.0 103.0 114.0 111.0 113.0 1760 132.0 135.0 301.0 335.0 332.0 325.0 233.0 184.0 179.0 -1649.0 -1398.0 -1294.0 -1240.0 -1376.0 -1126.0 -1339.0

-647.0 -827.0 4881.0 5708.0 745.0 1053.0 589.0 270 437.0 308.0 135.0 173.0 -565.0

1578.0 762.0 6895.0 6133.0 1070.0 1391.0 787.0 41.0 563.0 321.0 138.0 183.0 -254.0

-506.0 9.0 -515.0

-106.0 0.0 -106.0

-1765.0 -2354.0 -2498.0 -1376.0 -1153.0

1472.0

ee

-225.0 -36.0 -189.0

ee Sd

-429.0 -2.0 -427.0

471.0 17.0 454.0

-1171.0 -1713.0 -1689.0

-826.0

hn

-482.0 84.0 -566.0

EO

-787.0 -1502.0 5.0 -57.0 -792.0 -1445.0

Oe

-284.0 43.0 -327.0

ee ae

a. Includes goods bought by tourists and other visiting populations from other Soviet Republics. b. Includes goods purchased by Latvians out of Latvia and supplies for the USSR Armed Forces, State Committee of Security and other Soviet organizations. c. Mainly port services, trade and related services. d. Mainly taxes, profit of Latvian enterprises and the central budget transfers. e. Includes transfers. For 1991, includes cash position of Latvian enterprises vis-a-vis enterpises in other Soviet Republics, transfers from foreign trade bank for negative trade and services balance, and ruble transfer (mainly for circulation). f. Latvia did not have its own national currency until 1992 and thus balancing position has been excluded. Source: State Committee for Statistics.

238

Statistical Appendix

Table 3.2 - Latvia: Exports and Imports of Goods # (Min of Foreign Currency Rubles) b errr S — ee

1968

1970

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979 1980 1981

1982

1983

—_—_—_—_—_—_——— S — e

Total Exports

Socialist Countries Developed Countries Developing Countries Total Imports

Socialist Countries Developed Countries Developing Countries ee

ee

1984 1985 1986

1987

1988

ea

1989

1990

Se

131

124

138

146

157

150

144

138

138

131

190

222

201

228

275

264

189

93 25 13

88 24 12

107 21 10

116 20 10

129 19 9

124 18 8

119 18 7

116 172 5

117

112 161 ‘TT 9S 252 2 4

186 30 6

166 ezsee i

187 32 9

223 215 162 40°71 ©* 86" A?) 16 Gr

97 79 is

250

363

4381

470

472

540

595

634

691

751

836

898

897

979

589

621

181 45 24

263 65 35

354 89 38

348 88 34

351 90 31

394 110 36 a

425 129 41

443 146 45

473 S02 168 194 WSOP “55° ee

560 212 S640"

603 225 70

603 221 Lyaee

659 239 21

399 142 48 et

382 495 459 182 310 371 S57 88 99 eee

4

a

a. Excluding former Soviet Republics. b. Foreign currency rubles (also known as devisa rubles) refer to the valuation of trade at world prices. Source: State Committee for Statistics.

302

893

929

Statistical Appendix Table 3.3 - Latvia: Commodity Composition of Trade (Min of Rubles)

TOTAL EXPORTS Electricity Fuel Ferrous Metals NonFerrous Metals Chemicals Machinery & Equipment Forest Products Building Materials Textiles Food Products Agricultural Products Others TOTAL IMPORTS Electricity Fuel Ferrous Metals NonFerrous Metals Chemicals Machinery & Equipment Forest Products Building Materials Textiles Food Products Agricultural Products Others Source: State Committee for Statistics.

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

4693

4896

5413

5283

7705

90 10 108 14 634 1344 162 62 896 1101 102 170

75 8 116 14 668 1403 168 65 813 1099 113 354

81 6 117 14 693 1518 148 83 875 1196 143 539

82 6 100 13 653 1474 136 73 915 1140 109 576

121 18 92 11 630 1912 414 190 994 1583 87 1653

5594

5591

6030

6327

6309

128 515 399 127 694 1626 156 76 851 623 268 131

134 517 411 136 718 1677 160 “79 762 596 263 138

122 513 347 138 701 1823 159 93 873 693 356 212

111 482 355 140 733 1980 155 72 1033 626 288 352

352 558 205 73 908 864 256 69 1385 523 334 782

239

240

Statistical Appendix

Table 3.4 - Latvia: Geographical Distribution of Trade (MIn of Rubles)

1987

1989

1990

1991

I Qtr 1992

1987

1989

1990

§=1991

I Qtr 1992

Imports

Exports

TOTAL

4693

5413

5283

7705

7342

5594

6030

6327

6309

4423

Soviet Republics

4309

5039

5028

7459

6579

4618

4520

4711

5500

4191

3176 2153 691 332

3768 2717 731 320

3810 2680 762 368

5649 4193 925 531

5359 3659 1025 675

3433 2469 534 430

3347 2363 563 421

3542 2652 520 370

3733 2810 550 373

2335 1341 707 287

422 244 178

411 246 165

437 244 193

662 416 246

754 553 201

685 490 195

627 456 171

668 488 180

963 635 328

1639 1177 462

421 203 128 33 28 ‘22

502 246 162 29 36 29

468 224 141 35 32 36

678 293 205 58 56 66

292 122 76 34 34 26

181 83 34 10 31 23

178 109 29 11 20

209 96 53 9 36 15

53175 280 86 23 128 14

Southern Republics Georgia Moldova Azerbaijan Armenia

290 98 72 65 55

358 143 85 aD 55

313 106 78 7A 58

470 104 159 92 115

174 36 87 31 20

318 95 152 38 33

368 88 183 47 50

292 87 134 40 31

273 62 100 56 55

142

CMEA

343

230

255

25

76

654

837

1616

106

33

80

144

72925\

687

312

673

703

199

-43

0

0

0

Slavic Republics Russia

Ukraine Belarus

Baltic Republics Lithuania Estonia

Central Asian Republics Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Tajikistan Kyrghyzstan Turkmenistan

Countries

Other Countries Statistical Discrepancy

0

a. In 1990, trade data for Other countries are included in CMEA countries. Source: State Committee for Statistics.

LS 0

0

=

CO A Rr

82 36 10

Statistical Appendix

241

Table 3.5 - Latvia: Trade Data Reconciliation (Min of Rubles)

1987

1988

1989

1990

1987

Exports

Trade Data in Tables 3.3 and 3.4 (Domestic Prices) Trade with CMEA and Other Countries (Domestic Prices) Statistical Discrepancy Trade with CMEA and Other Countries (World Prices) Goods Bought by Residents of other USSR Republics into Latvia or by Residents of Latvia in other USSR Republics Services (from Table 3.1) less NonMaterial Services Other Differences Trade (from Table 3.1) [(1)-(2)-(3) + (4) + (5)-(6) + (7)]

Source: State Committee for Statistics.

1988

1989

1990

Imports

(1)

4693.0

4896.0

(2) (3)

423.0 -42.5

380.8 0.0

374.0 0.0

(4)

275.0

302.0

(5)

584.0

788.0

(6) (7)

848.0 29320) 4617.0

5413.0 5283.0

5594.0

5591.0

6030.0

6327.0

255.0 0.0

966.0 Wey

958.2 0.0

1510.0 0.0

1616.0 0.0

264.0

178.0

589.0

621.0

893.0

960.0

647.0

352.0

189.0

278.0

327.0

178.0

1025.0 e211

1039.0 1026.0 95°69 355.0

409.0 293.4

316.0 21.0

314.0 195.8

301.0 191.0

4602.0

5107.0 4881.0

5289.0

5237.0

5622.0

5708.0

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242 Statistical Appendix

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Stat istice al Appendix

243

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244 Statistical Appendix

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Statistical Appendix 245

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246 Statistical Appendix

Statistical Appendix

247

Table 3.8 - Latvia: Unrequited Transfers, Net (Min of Rubles)

Sr

a 1970

Unrequited Transfers, Net

a

1975

1976

1977

1978

“893 -1290 -1263 -1366 -1343

1979

1980 1981

-1542 -1738 -1879

1982

ee 1983

1984 1985

1986

1987

1988

1989 1990

-1758 -1649 -1398 -1294 -1240 -1376 -1126 -1339 -565

Mutual Accounts Between

State Budget of Latvia and USSR Central Budget

126

&

7

98

6

599

654

-733

-832

256

452

325

-125

-169

-187

30

31

65

29

52

45

8

291

311

148

132

157

16

91

S46

17

-885

-942 -1006 -1058

-1163

-1063

-783

629

S70

-582

-587

-887

0

-367

340

459

-502 -544

-514

-555

-O7

02

661

-753

-771

-674 319

-176

-184

-189

-210

-235

-284

-247

-242

-220

273

-263

278

-130

O

SY4,

OEE Go gsys

954

53.

S57

1288

145

310

315

313

152

17

29

O

30

«31343537,

5

SCOTCH

Tumover Tax Transferto

USSR Central Budget

Profitof Latvian Enterprises Transferto USSR Central Budget Tax Transferto USSR Central

Budget Subsidies Received from USSR

Central Budget for Milk, Cattle, etc

Subsidies Received from USSR Central Budget forMaintenance of the Social Sphere, Sciewe,ete USSR Central Budget Incomes from Latvian Foreign Trade

—

428

503 100

'

43-16

=-96 -107

31

8

“127-147-151

-112

-132

100

181

198

-155

-159

-163

#7

7

7

-170 -195

-210

-20

135

116

106

137

-167 -171

-175

-1799

8

8

-227 -43

-2A

-2M

-258

-507 -508

152

129

1”

263

253 262

-183

-187

-191

-195

-199

-175 -116

8

8

9

3

8

Tumover Tax from Other USSR

Republics

with USSR Central Ministries Latvian Trade Union Budget and Social Maintenance Budget Accounts with Corresponding Central BudgetsofUSSR

5

Source: State Committee for Statistics.

56

6

6

175

1

8

5S

-1

248

Statistical Appendix

Table 3.9 - Latvia: Exchange Rates (Kopeks per USD) 1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

January 1

64.40

67.50

70.80

71.05

79.10

87.00

75.85

67.00

58.43

60.67

60.88

56.40

April 1

65.75

70.90

72.55

T3245

78.05

86.55

72.75

63.60

59.38

62.56

61 -20 58.38

July 1

64.35

74.00

73.50

73.50

81.45

85.30

70.40

63.83

62.06

64.30

59.76

60.44

October 1

64.40

72.50

74.10

76.30

84.55

78.80

67.68

63.37

63.16

63.30

56.91

58.48

Annual Rate

64.94

71.98

I2a3

74.33

81.61

83.70

68.65

63.31

59.59

63.00

58.43

58.21

150.00 157.00

N.A.

N.A.

Official Rates:

Memorandum Items:

Commercial Exchange Rate (USSR State Committee of Statistics)

161.00 152.00 157.00 156.00

148.00 149.00 152.00 156.00

Market Exchange Rates (Rubles per US$) Buying Selling

1991 May June July August September October November December

31.17 29.83 29.31 30.82 37.20 47.06 69.28 103.50

35.76 34.26 33.53 37.25 43.94 54.76 81.13 120.55

1992 April 6 May 4 June 1 July 6 August 3 September 7 October 6

Quoted by Bank of Latvia 125.00 125.00 119.35 129.20 136.00 159.05 160.07

Currency Exchange ("Dienas Bizness") Buying Selling 120 133 124 135 124 131 131 142 140 151 176 189 180 191

ee

100 Kopeks = Rb 1. Since November 1990 the USSR State Bank determined also commercial rate which was three times the official rate. Source: Bank of Latvia.

Statistical Appendix

249

-

Table 4.1 - Latvia: Consolidated General Government Op erations - Economic Classification (Min of Rubles)

es 1980

1981

1982

1983

Total Revenues

3847.3

4069.9

4347.5

4616.2

Tax Revenues

3327.1 1441.0 1174.0 267.0 138.9

3477.8 1496.4 1222.6 273.8 158.7

3547.8 1449.4 1164.7 284.7 243.9

1747.2 1747.2 0.0 0.0

1822.7 1822.6 0.0 0.0

503.2 381.6 121.6

1984

1985

1986

Ee

ee Budget

1987

1988

1989

1990

199]

1992

4673.5 4657.5

4843.6 4950.5

5388.1

5659.0

5490.0

10995.1

44350.5

3654.8 1577.5 1284.1 293.4 250.3

3742.1 1656.5 1349.8 306.7 265.6

3627.7 1649.3 1329.0 320.3 210.4

3789.5 1750.4 1417.0 333.4 Prife)oi

3897.4 1882.7 1533.3 349.4 288.7

4128.2 1895.6 1514.6 381.0 309.6

4360.0 1970.2 1554.2 416.0 329.2

4475.4 1881.8 1419.8 462.0 442.0

10168.2 3121.4 2086.6 1034.8 2962.4

41757.9 12087.6 7269.0 4818.6 15869.1

1854.5 1854.5 0.0 0.0

1827.0 1826.9 0.0 0.0

1820.0 1820.0 0.0 0.0

1768.0 1718.0 0.0 0.0

1760.0 1712.0 0.0 0.0

1726.0 1726.0 0.0 0.0

1923.0 1923.0 0.0 0.0

2053.0 2053.0 0.0 7.627.6

2124.0 2124.0 0.0 1182.0

2891.0 pipet | 11.4 2516.8

10487.4 10487.4 797.0

574.6 446.6 128.0

781.7 613.5 168.2

943.4 702.5 240.9

913.3 510.1 403.2

1010.9 566.9 444.0

1033.4 599.4 434.0

1031.8 451.8 580.0

1238.1 595.1 643.0

1275.8 543.8 732.0

988.3 540.3 448.0

S53) 0.0 S53z

2570.4 0.0 2570.4

17.0

Nafes)

18.0

18.0

18.1

18.9

20.7

21.3

21.8

23.2

20:3 96 213.8

22.2

Total Expenditures

3834.7

4070.9

4315.5

4626.2

4611.0 4629.8

4805.6

4916.9

5333.4

5572.5

5241.6

9154.4

46182.4

Current Expenditures Wages and Salaries Supplies and Maintenance Subsidies Transfers to Enterprises & Individuals

3132.9 248.7 214.3 471.5

33133 2507 223.9 478.9

3533.4 260.5 240.5 523.9

3773.6 262.0 242.5 757.4

3726.3 268.5 260.3 1001.2

3737.8 279.6 276.6 1115.2

3880.8 291.2 294.8 SZ

3920.2 307.2 315.8 1005.5

4249.6 311.6 310.6 1229.6

4408.5 328.0 386.7 1265.6

3899.3 3192 448.1 1677.1

8063.7 1307.9 1595.6 31>.)

43067.2 NA NA NA

2391"

255:6

2S,

2195.

280.4

298.2

322.9

343.8

369.5

398.6

448.3

3275.6

NA

Transfers to USSR budget Other current expenditures

1664.9 294.4

1766.2 333.0

1846.8 388.2

1837.1 S901

1576.2 339.7

1411.6 356.6

1462.0 394.7

1554.9 393.0

1634.8 393.5

1623.9 405.7

36.3 910.3

0.0 1509.5

0.0 NA

238.8 94.6 144.2

255.4 95.0 160.4

2S5eS 97.8 iaf/

282.5 100.1 182.4

282.1 111.8 170.3

259.8 119.5 140.3

257.6 122.4 135.2

299.9 131-2 168.7

344.3 159.9 184.4

410.8 162.4 248.4

477.2 217.0 260.2

858.5 858.5 0.0

3115.2 ZIDNe 564.0

463.0

502.2

526.6

570.1

602.6

632.2

667.2

696.8

139'S

WSN

SOds1"

2522

0.0

12.6

§ -1.0

32.0

-10.0

62.5

27.7

38.0

33.6

54.7

86.5

248.4

1840.7

-1831.9

Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals Social security contributions Domestic Taxes on Goods and Services Turnover Tax, Excises and VAT

Taxes on Foreign Trade Other Taxes Non-Tax Revenues

Transfers from the USSR budget

Other @ Other Funds >

Capital Gross Loans Loans

Expenditures Fixed Capital Formation to Enterprises to Households

Other Funds b

General Budget Balance

a. Includes revenue from the foreign currency budget in 1991 and 1992. b. Includes the following Funds: Social Insurance, Environmental Protection, Privatization, and Agricultural Stabilization Funds. Note: Consolidated General Government Operations include: Central (Republican ) Governmen t, Local Governments, and the following Funds: Social Insurance, Environmental Protection, Privatization, Agricul tural Stabilizati on, and the Foreign Currency. Source: Ministry of Finance.

250

Statistical Appendix

Table 4.2 - Latvia: Consolidated General Government Operations - Economic Classification (Percent Share of Total) Budget

Total Revenues Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals Social Security Contributions Domestic Taxes on Goods and Services Turnover Tax, Excises and VAT

Taxes on Foreign Trade Other Taxes Non-Tax Revenues Transfers from the USSR Budget Other # Other Funds > Total Expenditures Current Expenditures Wages and Salaries Supplies and Maintenance Subsidies Transfers to Enterprises & Individuals

Transfers to USSR budget Other Current Expenditures Capital Expenditures Gross Fixed Capital Formation Loans to Enterprises

Other Funds >

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

100.0 86.5 37.5 30.5 6.9 3.6

100.0 85.5 36.8 30.0 6.7 3.9

100.0 81.6 33.3 26.8 6.5 5.6

100.0 79.2 34.2 27.8 6.4 5.4

100.0 80.1 35.4 28.9 6.6 5.7

100.0 77.9 35.4 28.5 6.9 4.5

45.4

44.8

42.7

39.6

38.9

38.0

36.3

45.4

44.8

42.7

39.6

38.9

36.9

35.3

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

13.1 9.9 32

14.1 11.0 3.1

18.0 14.1 3.9)

20.4 15.2 S)7

1955 10.9 8.6

21.7 12.2 9.5

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

100.0 81.9 6.0 5.6 12.1

100.0 81.6 Sofi D2 16.4

100.0 80.8 5.8 5.6 Zee

100.0 81.7 6.5 5.6 12.3

100.0 81.4 6.3 525) 11.8

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

100.0 76.6 S522 28.1 tes 527.

100.0 77.0 34.8 215 7.4 5.8

100.0 81.5 34.3 25.9 8.4 8.1

100.0 92 28.4 19.0 9.4 26.9

34.9

35.7

36.3

38.7

26.3

23.6

34.9

35.7

36.3

38.7

24.8

23.6

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.1

0.0 0.5

0.1 10.8

1.8 Si

21.3 12.4 9:0,

20.8 9.1 M7

23.0 11.0 11.9

225 9.6 12.9

18.0 9.8 8.2

5.0 0.0 5.0

5.8 0.0 5.8

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.5

25

0.1

100.0 80.7 6.0 6.0 24.1

100.0 80.8 6.1 ~ 6.1 23.2

100.0 79.7 6.2 6.4 20.4

100.0 79.7 5.8 5.8 231

100.0 AGA 5.9 6.9 227

100.0 88.1 14.3 17.4 4.1

100.0 93.3 NA NA NA

100.0 100.0 18:23 = 61827, 36.1 38.0 29.3) 31.0 6.9 Te! 5.8 5.8

100.0 74.4 i/-9? 8.5 32.0

-

1992 100.0 94.2 27.3 16.4 10.9 35.8

6.2

6.3

6.3

6.0

6.1

6.4

6.7

7.0

Gy

ee

8.6

35.8

NA

43.4 ‘el!

43.4 8.2

42.8 9.0

39.7 8.5

34.2 7.4

30.5 Ce!

30.4 8.2

31.6 8.0

30.7 7.4

29.1 dS

0.7 17.4

0.0 16.5

0.0 NA

6.2 2.5

6.3 2.3

5.9 IS)

6.1 22

6.1 2.4

5.6 2.6

5.4 Des)

6.1 2

6.5 3.0

7.4 29

9.1 4.1

9.4 9.4

3.8

3.9

Sey)

3.9

Sef

3.0

2.8

3.4

335

4.5

5.0

0.0

6.7 515 12

ify

12.3

12.3

IBsly

£1387

13.9

14.2

13.9

13.5

16.5

2

0.0

12.2

a. Includes revenue from the foreign currency budget in 1991 and 1992. b. Includes the following Funds: Social Insurance, Environmental Protection, Privatization, and Agricultural Stabilization Funds. Note: Consolidated General Government Operations include: Central (Republican) Government, Local Governments, and the following Funds: Social Insurance, Environmental Protection, Privatization, Agricultural Stabilization, and the Foreign Currency. Source: Ministry of Finance.

Statistical Appendix

PM

Table 4.3 - Latvia: Consolidated General Government Operations - Economic Classification

(Percent)

See iE

eee 1980

Mit on to oe oe Pel

1981

cn

ee

1982

1983

1984

i i oo tl

eee

1985

1986

51.6

51.9.

Datel SS

1987

1988

1989

1990

52.3

54.1

51.8

45.0

38.4

ji a... Se

1991

IIS

Total Revenues

48.7

48.1

49.1

51.7

50.3

Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals Social Security Contributions

42.1 18.2 14.9 3.4 1.8

41.1 iba) 14.4 Sp) 1.9

40.0 16.4 13.1 See 2.8

41.0 17.7 14.4 3.3 2.8

40.3 40.2 17.See 8.3 14.5 14.7 3.3 35 29 8)

40.6 41.2 18.8 19.9 52 eel 2 3.6 3.7 3.0 S|

41.5 19.0 52 3.8 3.1

39.9 18.0 14.2 3.8 3.0

36.7 15.4 11.6 3.8 3.6

35:5 10.9 123 3.6 10.3

22.1 22.1

2165 ZieS

20.9 20.9

20.5 20.5

19.655 6519.6, Foe 8 9s ah 8:2 196 geal 9:0) ee 8:4 ee 8-2

19:3 19.3

18.8 18.8

Taxes on Foreign Trade

17.4 17.4

10.1 hs)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Other Taxes

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.09

#£0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.2

4.1

6.4 4.8

6.8 a3

8.8 6.9

10.6 7.9

9.8 5.5

f1E2 6.3

ili 6.4

10.9 4.8

12.4 6.0

Wee 5.0

8.1 4.4

1.9 0.0

1e5

1.5

1.9

Pet|

4.3

4.9

4.7

6.1

6.5

6.7

Si6t/

1.9

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

1.0

48.5

48.1

48.7

518

49.6

51.3

yy

ey

53.6

51.0

43.0

31.9

39.9 2.9 Pa] 5.9 Se 20.8 4.4

42.3 2.9 P25h/ 8.5 She| 20.6 44

40.1 PAE) 2.8 10?Siagl 3.0 17.0 en Se

41.4 3.1 3.1 2-3 S58) eawl5:6 3.9

41.6 3.1 Sh 12.0 335 15.7 4.2

41.4 S72 3.3 cel06 gy 3.6.20 16.4 4.2

42.7 Sal Sai a124 3.7 16.4 4.0

40.3 3.0 Ses) 11.6 3.6 14.9 shel

32.0 Sel Sel iI JE/ 35I/ 0.3 Ts

28.1 4.6 5.6 1.3 11.4 0.0 Se!

Domestic Taxes on Goods and

Services Turnover Tax, Excises and VAT

Non-Tax Revenues Transfers from the USSR Budget

Other @ Other Funds > Total Expenditures

Current Expenditures S969 Wages and Salaries Soll 3.0 Supplies and Maintenance Qa 2.6 Subsidies 6.0 Seu/ Transfers to Enterprises & Individuals 3.0 3.0 Transfers to USSR budget 211 20.9 Other Current Expenditures Sei 3.9

Capital Expenditures Gross Fixed Capital Formation

3.0 ike

3.0 1.1

2.9 1.1

shee Vel

3.0 1?

29 1:3

2:8 1.3

wees 1.4

Be 1.6

3.8 i\c5}

379 1.8

3.0 3.0

1.8

1.9

1.8

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.8

1.9

2:3

Zak

0.0

Other Funds >

5.9

5.9

5.9

6.4

6.5

7.0

hee.

7.4

7.4

6.9

al

0.8

General Budget Balance

0.2

0.0

0.4

-0.1

0.7

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.8

2.0

6.4

Loans to Enterprises

a. Includes revenue from the foreign currency budget in 1991 and 1992. b. Includes the following Funds: Social Insurance, Environmental Protection, Privatization, and Agricultural Stabilization Funds. Note: Consolidated General Government Operations include: Central (Republican) Government, Local Governments, and the following Funds: Social Insurance, Environmental Protection, Privatization, Agricultural Stabilization, and the Foreign Currency. Source: Ministry of Finance.

22

Statistical Appendix

Table 4.4 - Latvia: Consolidated General Government Operations - Economic Classification (Min of Rubles) Budget

1980

=1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

= 1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

Total Revenues

3289.0

3480.9

3735.3

3998.8

4004.3

3878.3

4015.4

3863.4

3910.0

4213.0

3931.0

5993.9

22494.3

Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals

3109.2 1362.0 1095.0 267.0

3243.7 1421.1 1147.3 273.8

3246.2 1391.7 1107.0 284.7

3342.0 1515.1 1221.7 293.4

3408.6 1588.6 1281.9 306.7

3294.3 1576.3 1256.0 320.3

3393.4 1681.4 1348.0 333.4

3534.4 1808.4 1459.0 349.4

3680.0 1757.0 1376.0 381.0

3749.0 1696.0 1280.0 416.0

3652.0 1528.0 1066.0 462.0

5526.5 1894.5 1417.5 477.0

20009.2 7812.7 5333.9 2478.8

1747.2 1747.2 0.0

1822.6 1822.6 0.0

1854.5 1854.5 0.0

1826.9 1826.9 0.0

1820.0 1820.0 0.0

1718.0 1718.0 0.0

1712.0 1712.0 0.0

1726.0 1726.0 0.0

1923.0 1923.0 0.0

2053.0 2053.0 0.0

2124.0 2124.0 0.0

2891.0 2723.1 167.9

9960.3 9960.3 0.0

Taxes on Foreign Trade

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

11.4

797.0

Property Taxes Other Other Taxes ®

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0:0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

77.0 0.0 652.6

0.0 0.0 1439.2

179.8 74.5 105.3

237.2 120.6 116.6

489.1 329.0 160.1

656.8 394.5 262.3

595.7 191.2 404.5

584.0 164.0 420.0

622.0 232.0 390.0

329.0 230.0 464.0 650 a S0 Ome s.O 264.0 43.0 351.0

279.0 53.0 226.0

467.4 0.0 467.4

2485.1 0.0 2485.1

Total Expenditures

3238.6

3452.9

3675.8

3910.5

3864.7

3806.5

3926.7

3960.5

4339.8

4492.1

3793.9

4878.5

23678.0

Current Expenditures Wages and Salaries Supplies and Maintenance Subsidies Interest Transfers to Local Budgets Transfers to USSR budget Other Transfers Transfers to Individuals Transfers to Enterprises Other Current Expenditures ©

3077.3 96.6 94.0 461.6 0.0 2944) 1664.9 231.3 222 8.6 234.5

3272.1 99.2 99.2 477.6 0.0 3139) 1766.2 247.8 DSO 15.6 268.2

3491.0 100.6 105.7 523.2 0.0 33729) 1846.8 265.8 LAOS 19.0 311.0

3700.5 101.6 110.5 756.4 0.0 ~35595| 1837.1 270.0 LOS) 16.8 269.4

3655.2 3631.5 102.8 104.6 12522 1286 1000.3 1114.3 0.0 0.0 3513 346.0 1576.2 1411.6 272.3 288.6 26)OR 283.0 4.7 5.6 227.1 237.8

3758.5 108.3 131.7 1114.2 0.0 356.9 1462.0 314.6 310.4 4.2 270.8

3765.6 107.6 138.9 1004.9 0.0 360.0 1554.9 333.9 330.5 3.4 265.4

4113.5 99.6 115.8 1228.6 0.0 394.5 1634.8 356.4 353.9 2D 283.8

4214.8 101.4 146.8 1264.9 0.0 408.3 1623.9 383.0 379.0 4.0 286.5

3493.6 118.9 170.6 1649.7 0.0 344.9 36.3 439.8 425.4 14.4 733.4

4321.7 525.4 897.5 295.0 0.0 653.3 0.0 625.4 610.7 14.7 1325.1

21621.5 4249.1 3804.0 456.0 140.3 5402.4 0.0 304.4 224.0 80.4 7265.3

161.3

180.8

184.8

210.00

209.5

175.0

168.2

194.9

226.3

277.3

300.3

$56.8

2056.5

30.3 Site 36.6 37.9 TSILOWS149 Fane 148.217 2a

S16. (S799

S322) 12128

533, 114.9

O23 142.6

74.3 152.0

T2eSteOUO-) MES DO-S 205.0 199.6 0.0

1492.5 564.0

139.6

71.8

88.7

-97.1

-429.8

Domestic Taxes on Goods

and Services Turnover Tax and Excises Other

Non-Tax Revenues Transfers from the USSR budget Other >

Capital Gross and Loans

Expenditures Fixed Capital Formation Invent to Enterprises

Central Budget Balance

50.4

28.0

59.5

88.3

-279.1

137.1

1115.4

-1183.7

ee eeEeeeeSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSFSFSesee

a. Includes taxes on natural resources, forest revenue and duties and other collections. b. Includes revenue from the foreign currency budget in 1991 and 1992. c. Includes expenditure from foreign currency budget in 1992. Source: Ministry of Finance.

Statistical Appendix

253

Table 4.5 - Latvia: Central Government Budget - Economic Classification (Percent Share of Total) Budget

Total Revenues Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits

Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals

*

1980

= 1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

94°57

9392

86.9

83.6

85.1

84.9

84.5

91.5

94.1

89.0

92.9

92.2

89.0

41.4

40.8

373

37.9

39.7

40.6

41.9

46.8

44.9

40.3

38.9

31.6

34.7

333° 8.1

3370 fhe)

29.6 7.6

30.6 dhe

32.0. 7.7

324 8.3

83:6 8.3

31738 9.0

35,2 OF,

30.4 9.9

27h 11.8

23.6 8.0

23.7 11.0

53.1 53.1 0.0

52.4 52.4 0.0

49.6 49.6 0.0

45.7 45.7 0.0

45.5 45.5 0.0

44.3 44.3 0.0

42.6 42.6 0.0

44.7 44.7 0.0

49.2 49.2 0.0

48.7 48.7 0.0

54.0 54.0 0.0

48.2 45.4 2.8

44.3 44.3 0.0

Domestic Taxes on Goods

and Services Turnover Tax and Excises Other Taxes on Foreign Trade

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.2

3e5

Property Taxes Other Other Taxes 2

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

1.3 0.0 10.9

0.0 0.0 6.4

Non-Tax Revenues

Transfers from the USSR budget Other > Total Expenditures Current Expenditures Wages and Salaries Supplies and Maintenance Subsidies Interest Transfers to Local Budgets Transfers to USSR budget Other Transfers Transfers to Individuals Transfers to Enterprises Other Current Expenditures ©

Capital Expenditures

5.5

6.8

13.1

16.4

14.9

15.1

15.5

8.5

Sig

11.0

Ts

7.8

11.0

Df} 32

355 33

8.8 4.3

9.9 6.6

4.8 10.1

4.2 10.8

5.8 Oe

iVA7 6.8

4.8 1.1

Del 8.3

123 7

0.0 7.8

0.0 11.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

95.0 3.0 2.9 14.3 0.0 9.1 S14 en 6.9 0.3 ip

94.8 2.9 Pe] 13.8 0.0 9.1 55.2 UP 6.7 0.5 7.8

95.0 2) 2.9 14.2 0.0 he 50.2 1k? 6.7 0.5 8.5

94.6 2.6 2.8 19.3 0.0 9.1 47.0 6.9 6.5 0.4 6.9

94.6 27 Sz 25.9' 0.0 91 40.8 7.0 6.9 0.1 5.9

95.4 AEH 3.4 ~298 0.0 9.1 37.1 7.6 7.4 0.1 6.2

95.7 2.8 3.4 28.4 0.0 on Si.2 8.0 7.9 0.1 6.9

9551 21 335 25.4 0.0 971 S95 8.4 8.3 0.1 6.7

94.8 2.3 Zh 28.3 0.0 Pell STe7 8.2 8.2 0.1 6.5

93.8 2s} 3\3! 28.2 0.0 9:1 36.2 8.5 8.4 0.1 6.4

S2Ft ot 4.5 43.5 0.0 9.1 1.0 11.6 h

Wages and Salaries Supplies and Maintenance

12 1.93

39.4

41.5

39.3

1h {\ep2

ie 1.2

ile 1.2

1.1 1.3

Subsidies Interest

P58 0.0

5.6 0.0

5.9 0.0

$5, 0.0

| 10:8 0.0

1223) 0.0

eLleS 0.0

10.6 0.0

1233 0.0

11.6 0.0

13:5 0.0

Transfers to Local Budgets Transfers to USSR budget Other Transfers Transfers to Individuals Transfers to Enterprises Other Current Expenditures

B)o7) Ze Zo 2.8 0.1 3.0

37 20.9 2.9 Dal, 0.2 Se

3.8 20.8 3.0 2.8 0.2 35

4.0 20.6 3.0 2.8 0.2 3.0

3.8 17.0 2.9 2.9 0.1 2.4

3.8 15:6 B22 3.1 0.1 2.6

3.8 SHISS/ 3.4 3.3 0.0 29

3.8 16.4 35 3.5 0.0 2.8

4.0 16.4 3.6 3.6 0.0 2.9

3.7 14.9 335 35 0.0 2.6

2.8 0.3 3.6 3.5 0.1 6.0

1.8 Ball 1.0 0.0 2:3 0.0 2D, 2.1 0.1 4.6

Capital Expenditures Gross Fixed Capital Formation & Invent Loans to Enterprises

2.0 0.4

2.1 0.4

2.4 0.4

1.8 0.6

ZA 0.6

2.3 0.7

2:5 0.7

25 0.8

1.9 1.9

jf

19)

p28) 0.6 iol

1.9 0.6

ibd

Pre 0.4 1.8

3

ji

1.5

1.5

he)

1.6

0.0

Central Budget Balance

0.6

0.3

0.7

1.0

15

0.8

1.0

-1.0

4.3

2.6

1.1

3.9

a. Includes taxes on natural resources, forest revenue and duties and other collections. b. Includes revenue from the foreign currency budget in 1991.

Source: Ministry of Finance.

|ead 1.4

Statistical Appendix

255

Table 4.7 - Latvia: Local Government Budget - Economic Classification (MIn of Rubles)

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

Budget 1992

389.7

400.7

403.7

396.6

417.9

493.0

518.0

750.3

1132.6

1063.2

920.8

2338.6

11345.2

79.0 79.0 79.0 0.0

75.4 75.3 75.3 0.0

Se $7.7 57.7 0.0

62.5 62.4 62.4 0.0

67.9 67.9 67.9 0.0

123.0 73.0 73.0 0.0

11730 69.0 69.0 0.0

«6743s 74.3 74.3 0.0

13886) 138.6 -138.6 0.0

2742) 274.2 274.2 0.0

35388) 353.8 353.8 0.0

168188 1226.9 669.1 557.8

$857.5 4274.9 1935.1 2339.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

50.0 0.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

48.0 0.0 48.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 320.3 0.0 232.3 88.0 134.6 40.6 29.6 64.4

S271 S27 0.0 0.0 831.0 0.0 531.0 300.0 224.5 54.4 94.2 Jao

Non-Tax Revenues Transfer from state budget Other Transfers

310.7 294.4 16.3

325.3 313.9 11.4

346.0 337.9 8.1

334.1 355.5 -21.4

350.0 351.3 -1.3

370.0 346.0 24.0

401.0 357.0 44.0

676.0 360.0 316.0

994.0 394.0 600.0

789.0 408.0 381.0

567.0 345.0 222.0

656.8 653.3 3.5

5487.7 5402.4 85.3

Total Expenditures

427.5

429.7

451.0

501.1

495.0

537.1

568.6

619.6

648.6

735.5

927.5

2047.0

11606.7

Current Expenditures Wages and Salaries Supplies and Maintenance Subsidies Transfers Transfers to Enterprises Transfers to Individuals Other

350.0 152.1 120.3 9.9 7.8 7.8 0.0 59.9

355.1 156.5 124.7 1.3 7.8 7.8 0.0 64.8

380.3 159.9 134.8 0.7 Th 7.6 0.1 Ta

428.6 160.4 132.0 1.0 9.5 9.4 0.1 AZSsi

422.4 165.7 135.1 0.9 8.1 8.0 0.1 112.6

452.3 175.0 148.0 0.9 9.6 9.5 0.1 118.8

479.2 182.9 163.1 1.0 8.3 8.2 0.1 1239

514.6 199.6 176.9 0.6 9.9 9.8 0.1 127369

530.6 212.0 194.8 1.0 13.1 12:9 0.2 10937)

602.0 226.6 239.9 0.7 15.6 15.4 0.2 1192

750.6 260.3 277.5 27.4 8.5 8.4 0.1 1769

1745.3 782.5 698.1 80.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 184.4

10548.0 4839.2 3457.8 400.0 1200.4 0.0 1200.4 650.6

Total Revenues Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals

_

Domestic Taxes on Goods

and Services Turnover Tax and Excises Other Taxes on Foreign Trade Property Taxes Taxes on Fixed Assets Land Tax Other Other Taxes Taxes on Natural Resources Environmental Taxes Other Taxes

Capital Expenditures Gross Fixed Capital Formation & Invent Loans to Enterprises

775

74.6

70.7

1073)

72.6

84.8

89.4

105.0

118.0

133.5

176.9

301.7

1058.7

64.3 13.2

63.9 10.7

61.2 9.5

62.2 10.3

60.2 12.4

66.3 18.5

69.1 203'>

78.9 26:1

85.6 32.4

90.1 43.4

116.3 60.6

301.7 0.0

1058.7 0.0

Local Budget Balance

-37.8

-29.0

47.3

-104.5

-77.1

44,1

-50.6

130.7

484.0

327.7

6.7

291.6

-261.5

Source: Ministry of Finance.

256

Statistical Appendix

Table 4.8 - Latvia: Local Government Budget - Economic Classification (Percent Share of Total)

1980

=1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

Budget 1992

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

20.3 20.3 20.3 0.0

18.8 18.8 18.8 0.0

14.3 14.3 14.3 0.0

15.8 15.7 1537, 0.0

16.2 16.2 16.2 0.0

24.9 14.8 14.8 0.0

22.6 1323 13%3 0.0

9.9 9.9 9.9 0.0

12.2 122 12 0.0

25.8 25.8 25.8 0.0

38.4

71.9

51.6

38.4 38.4 0.0

S25 28.6 23.9

S/d neal 20.6

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

Taxes on Fixed Assets Land Tax Other Other Taxes Taxes on Natural Resources Environmental Taxes Other Taxes

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

10.1 0.0 «1031 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 OO; 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

9.3 0.0 9.3

Taxes on Foreign Trade Property Taxes

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 137, 0.0 9.9 3.8 5.8 Ae 7 1.3 2.8

4.6 4.6 0.0 0.0 3 0.0 4.7 2.6 2.0 0.5 0.8 0.7

79.7 oye) 4.2

81.2 78.3 2.8

85.7 83.7 2.0

84.2 89.6 -5.4

gee 84.1 -0.3

Tbal | 70.2 4.9

77.4 68.9 8.5

90.1 48.0 42.1

87.8 34.8 53.0

74.2 38.4 35.8

61.6 37-5 24.1

28.1 27.9 0.1

48.4 47.6 0.8

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Current Expenditures Wages and Salaries Supplies and Maintenance Subsidies : Transfers Transfers to Enterprises Transfers to Individuals Other

81.9 35.6 28.1 23 1.8 1.8 0.0 14.0

82.6 36.4 29.0 0.3 1.8 1.8 0.0 133]

84.3 5555 29.9 0.2 127 ef 0.0 Val

85.5 32.0 26.3 0.2 1.9 1.9 0.0 25.1

85.3 33053 2iese 0.2 1.6 1.6 0.0 22518

84.2 132.6 206 0.2 1.8 1.8 0.0 225

84.3 S22 Zoe 0.2 iS 1.4 0.0 2128)

83.1 5322 28:6 0.1 1.6 1.6 0.0 2056

81.8 SIRT 30.0 0.2 2.0 2.0 0.0 16.9

81.8 30.8 32.6 0.1 zal Zell 0.0 16.2

80.9 28.1 29.9 3.0 0.9 0.9 0.0 19.1

85.3 38.2 34.1 3.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.0

90.9 41.7 29.8 3.4 10.3 0.0 10.3 5.6

Capital Expenditures

18.1

17.4

1557

14.5

14.7

15.8

Iss?)

169

18.2

18.2

19.1

14.7

9.1

15.0

14.9

13.6

12.4

122%

..12%3

122

2a

T3k2

1233

12:5

14.7

3.4

9.1

3.6

4.2

5.0

5.9

6.5

0.0

0.0

Total Revenues Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals Domestic Taxes on Goods

and Services Turnover Tax and Excises Other

Non-Tax Revenues Transfer from state budget Other Transfers Total Expenditures

Gross Fixed Capital Formation

& Invent

Loans to Enterprises 321 25 Des Zt 25 a

Source: Ministry of Finance.

Statistical Appendix

ZT

Table 4.9 - Latvia: Local Government Budget as Share of GDP - Economic Classification (Percent) 1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

Total Revenues

4.9

4.7

4.6

4.4

4.5

5.5

5.6

7.9

11.4

9:7

15

8.2

Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits

1.0 1.0

0.9 0.9

0.7 0.7

0.7 0.7

0.7 0.7

1.4 0.8

123 0.7

0.8 0.8

1.4 1.4

945) 2S

2.9 2.9

5.9 4.3

Taxes on Enterprises

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.7

0.8

1.4

25

29

2.3

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 a 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.5

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.1 0.1 0.2

Non-Tax Revenues Transfer from state budget Other Transfers

3.9 Nei 0.2

3.8 Soff 0.1

3.9 3.8 0.1

5)7/ 4.0 -0.2

3.8 3.8 0.0

4.1 3.8 0.3

4.3 3:8 0.5

Tal 3.8 3.3

10.0 4.0 6.0

UL efi 3.5

4.6 2.8 1.8

2.3 233 0.0

Total Expenditures

5.4

5c

Sp!

5.6

De!

5.9

6.1

6.5

6.5

6.7

7.6

Ta

Current Expenditures

4.4

4.2

4.3

4.8

4.5

5.0

Sal

5.4

553

5:5

6.2

6.1

Wages and Salaries

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.9

2.0

ZA

Dal

21

Dal

2

Taxes on Individuals Domestic Taxes on Goods and Services Turnover Tax and Excises Other Taxes on Foreign Trade Property Taxes Taxes on Fixed Assets Land Tax Other

Other Taxes Taxes on Natural Resources Environmental Taxes Other Taxes

Supplies and Maintenance

1e5

1.5

iis

1.5

iS

1.6

7

1.9

2.0

22

IRS)

2.4

Subsidies Transfers Transfers to Enterprises Transfers to Individuals Other

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.8

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.8

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.9

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.4

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.2

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 ites)

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 13

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.3

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Vail

0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.1

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.4

0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6

1.0 0.8 0.2

0.9 0.8 0.1

0.8 0.7 0.1

0.8 0.7 0.1

0.8 0.6 0.1

0.9 0.7 0.2

1.0 0.7 0.2

i 0.8 0.3

it 0.9 0.3

12 0.8 0.4

1.4 1.0 0.5

: ila! 0.0

-0.5

-0.3

-0.5

-1.2

-0.8

-0.5

-0.5

1.4

4.9

3.0

-0.1

1.0

Capital Expenditures Gross Fixed Capital Formation & Invent Loans to Enterprises Local Budget Balance

Source: Ministry of Finance.

258

Statistical Appendix

Table 4.10 - Latvia: Operations of the Social Security System (Min of Rubles)

Total Revenue Social Insurance Contributions Budgetary Transfers

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

Plan 1992

463.0

502.2

546.4

576.3

602.6

632.2

667.2

696.8

739.5

783.2

955.6

3060.9

15869.1

138.9 324.1

158.7 343.5

243.9 302.5

250.3 326.0

265.6 337.0

210.4 421.8

279.1 388.1

288.7 408.1

309.6 429.9

329.2 454.0

442.0 513.6

2962.4 98.5

15869.1 0.0

307.1

326.0

284.5

308.0

318.9

402.9

367.4

386.8

408.1

430.8

487.3

0.0

0.0

0.0 15.0 2.0

47.5 15.4 2

6.0 15.5 2.5

81.9 15.5 2:5

14.1 15.6 DES

14.6 16.4 25

TS 18.0 Dal

0.0 18.4 2.9

0.0 18.9 2.9

0.0 20.8 2.4

0.0 237i 2.6

0.0 98.5

0.0 0.0

463.0

502.2

526.6

570.1

602.6

632.2

667.2

696.8

739.5

753.2

865.1

2650.0

15089.4

0.0 0.0 353.8 98.9

0.0 0.0 396.3 95.0

0.0 0.0 420.8 94.8

0.0 0.0 444.6 111.0

0.0 0.0 468.8 119.2

0.0 0.0 498.2 120.7

0.0 0.0 531.1 123.0

0.0 0.0 554.9 125.4

0.0 0.0 595.3. 126.4

0.0 0.0 609.8 126.4

0.0 0.0 682.3 153.1

0.0 4.8 2238.7 368.9

0.0 84.0 9739.0 4983.5

82.3 14.6 1.8 10.3

77.8 15.5 iy 10.9

75.8 17.4 1.6 11.0

79.0 30.6 1.4 14.5

84.5 33.4 Ls! 14.6

86.1 33.3 1.3 13.3

87.7 34.2 kal 13%1

88.4 35.9 1.1 16.5

89.2 36.1 1.1 17.8

90.2 34.8 1.4 17.0

106.9 44.6 1.6 29.7

156.5 32.9 17 37.6

706.8 138.6 2065.0 282.9

0.0

0.0

19.8

6.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

30.0

90.5

410.9

779.7

of which:

USSR & Social Insurance Budgets Social Insurance Latvian Budget Other Total Expenditures Wages Administrative Costs Pensions Allowances of which:

Sick Pay Maternity Leave Family Allowances Other Expenditures Balance

Ee

Sources: Ministry of Welfare and Central Statistical Committee.

eee

Statistical Appendix Table 4.11 - Latvia: Operations of Extrabudgetary Funds (Min of Rubles) eg ee ee

a

Total Revenues

a

eee

er

1991

1991

1991

Budget

Jan-Sept

Outturn

Se

a

355.3

175.1

273.8

5.3 0.0

4.2 20.4

6.3 37.0

350.0

150.5

230.5

356.2

134.9

232.2

6.2

1.9

4.7

Wages

0.3

0.0

N.A.

Other Administrative Costs

0.3

0.0

Capital Investment

N.A.

4.8

1.9

N.A.

Enviromental Protection Fund Privatization Fund

Agricultural Stabilization Fund # Total Expenditures Environmental Protection Fund of which:

Privatization Fund

Agricultural Stabilization Fund

350.0

133.0

227.5

of which: Producer Price Subsidies

350.0

133.0

N.A.

0.9

40.2

41.6

Net Position

a. Derived from special 10% levy on state enterprises for ’use of capital’. Source: Ministry of Finance.

259

260

Statistical Appendix

Table 4.12 - Latvia: Foreign Currency Budget (Min of Rubles and Foreign Currency) 1991 Requests

1991 Approved

Payments for Imports

9.3

4.5

4.8

Travel Expenses of Ministries

0.7

NA

NA

Pending Payments from 1990

4.4

NA

NA

1990 Payments Still to be Approved by Council of Ministries

1.4

NA

NA

Currency Reserve to be Sold for Rubles

is}

NA

NA

15.6

NA

NA

2.4

NA

NA

Total Foreign Currency Expenditures

34.3

NA

NA

Total Excluding 1990 Payments Still to be Approved

32.9

32.9

NA

Reserve to Cover Foreign Debt Guarantees

Additional Requests for Imports of Raw Materials (Min of US$)

ee eee ee Source: Ministry of Finance.

1992 Requests

ee

eee

Statistical Appendix

261

e

Table 4.13 - Latvia: Central Government Operations - Functional Classification (Min of Rubles) a

an

ee

Ee

eee Budget

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

Total Revenues

3289.0

3480.9

3735.3

3998.8

4004.3

3878.3

4015.4

3863.4

3910.0

4213.0

3931.0

5993.9

22494,3

Tax Revenues

3109.2 1362.0 1095.0 267.0

3243.7 1421.1 1147.3 273.8

3246.2 13917 TLOTON 284.7

3342.0 NSIS 122107, 293.4

3408.6 1588.6 1281.9 306.7

3294.3 1576.3 1256.0 320.3

3393.4 1681.4 1348.0 333.4

3534.4 1808.4 1459.0 349.4

3680.0 1757.0 1376.0 381.0

3749.0 1696.0 1280.0 416.0

3652.0 1528.0 1066.0 462.0

5526.5 1894.5 1417.5 477.0

20009.2 7812.7 5333.9 2478.8

1747.2 1747.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

1822.6 1822.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1854.5 1854.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1826.9 1826.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1820.0 1820.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1718.0 1718.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1712.0 1712.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1726.0 1726.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1923.0 1923.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

2053.0 2053.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

2124.0 2891.0 2124.0 2723.1 OO sy Eko 0.0 11.4 0.0 77.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 652.6

9960.3 9960.3 0.0 797.0 0.0

23]2 120.6 0.0 116.6

489.1 329.0 0.0 160.1

656.8 394.5 0.0 262.3

595.7 191.2 0.0 404.5

584.0 164.0 0.0 420.0

622.0 232.0 0.0 390.0

329.0 65.0" 0.0 264.0

230.0 18720) 0.0 43.0

464.0 1113.0 0.0 351.0

279.0 53.0 0.0 226.0

467.4 0.0 0.0 467.4

2485.1 0.0 0.0 2485.1

3675.8

3910.5

3864.7

3806.5

3926.7

3960.5

4339.8

4492.1

3793.9

4878.5

23678.0

1586.0 197.0 Sal 26.3 1264.9 94.7

1986.6 188.3 12tD 26.4 1649.7 109.7

2272.8 556.8 -2950 NA NA NA

4157.4 1492.5 456.0 NA NA NA

qa

eee

Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals Domestic Taxes on Goods and Services Turnover Tax, Excises and VAT Other

Taxes on Foreign Trade Property Taxes Taxes on Fixed Assets Land Tax Other Other Taxes

Non-Tax Revenues

Transfers from the USSR budget Transfer from municipal budgets

Other 4 Total Expenditures

179.8 74.5 0.0 105.3

3238.6

3452.9

0.0 1439.2

!

Economy Investment Expenditures Subsidies Operational Expenditures Price Compensation Other

734.5 130.0 8.6 54.9 461.6 79.4

802.6 149.5 15.6 54.3 477.1 106.1

Justice & Internal Security

1.4

1.4

461.5 168.4 63.5 1977 208.8 1.1

478.9 172.2 66.3 20.9 218.4 ili

Administration Transportation & Communications

1105.2 173.2 16.7 64.3 755.8 95.2

1290.6 158.6 4.7 73.2 1000.3 Doo

1368.4 122.3 Pip) 73.4 1114.3 50.2

1389.5 114.4 2.4 73.7 1114.2 84.8

1299.1 144.3 Za = 45.2 1004.9 102.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.8

4.7

2.5

3.3

510.8 180.6 74.6 Pas) PARE) 4.1

524.1 185.5 76.3 AIBA PES) 4.8

559.4 199°3 83.6 22.9) 248.4 Shy?

587.1 206.7 86.8 24:3 263.6 By

627.6 219.9 53.5 204 290.7 6.1

654.1 223.2 Sil =215 309.7 6.6

712.1 244.6 98.1 30.0 332.4 7.0

756.6 244.1 114.1 Son 358.1 ee?

848.5 268.9 136.8 34.0 401.3 TES)

1382.5 534.0 312.5 0.0 536.0 0.0

5955.0 NA NA NA NA NA

12.7

14.7

ies

13,6)

15:3

12.6

8.1

10.6

11.4

27.8

144.3

NA

62.1

60.3

61.2

DO.)

5c.)

61.0

63.2

63.0

75.4

ieee

91.4

NA

12.0

ity

11.8

14.5

U5.5)

al 8-0

15.3

16.4

2555

27.2

467.5

101.1

NA

Transfers to USSR Budget

1664.9

1766.2

1846.8

1837.1

1576.2

1411.6

1462.0

1554.9

1634.8

1623.9

36.3

0.0

0.0

Transfers to Local Budgets

294.4

313.9

337-9

E3555

351.3

346.0

356.9

360.0

394.5

408.3

344.9

653.3

5402.4

50.4

28.0

59.5

88.3

139.6

71.8

88.7

-97.1

-429.8

-279.1

137.1

1115.4

-1183.7

Social & Cultural Activities Education & Culture Health & Sports

Social Maintenance Pensions Other Benefits

Other Activities

State Budget Balance

892.0 149.0 19.0 59.4 522.6 142.0 ites:

a. Includes revenue from foreign currency budget in 1991. b. In 1991 includes social maintenance and other benefits. Source: Ministry of Finance.

1496.8 148.6 Paes) 25.4 1228.6 Ole

AS

NA

262

Statistical Appendix

Table 4.14 - Latvia: Central Government Operations - Functional Classification (Percent Share of Total)

=a Ft

eS

Budget

1980

1981 a

1982

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

94.5 41.4 33.3 8.1

93.2 40.8 33.0 7.9

86.9 37.3 29.6 7.6

83.6 37.9 30.6 73

85.1 39.7 32.0 17.

84.9 40.6 32.4 8.3

84.5 41.9 33.6 8.3

91.5 46.8 37.8 9.0

94.1 44.9 35.2 9.7

53.1 53.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

52.4 52.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

49.6 49.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

45.7 45.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

45.5 45.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

44.3 44.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

42.6 42.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

44.7 44.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

5.5 2-3 0.0 3.2

6.8 3.5 0.0 3.3

13.1 8.8 0.0 4.3

16.4 9.9 0.0 6.6

14.9 4.8 0.0 10.1

15.1 4.2 0.0 10.8

15.5 5.8 0.0 9.7

8.5 7) 0.0 6.8

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Economy Investment Expenditures Subsidies Operational Expenditures Price Compensation Other

PORT. 4.0 0.3 7 14.3 2:5

EN) 4.3 0.5 1.6 13.8 3.1

24.3 4.1 0.5 1.6 14.2 3.9

28.3 4.4 0.4 1.6 19.3 2.4

33.4 4.1 0.1 1.9 25.9 1.4

35.9 3.2 0.1 1.9 29.3 1.5

35.4 2.9 0.1 1.9 28.4 22

32.8 3.6 0.1 ial 25.4 2.6

Justice & Internal Security

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Social & Cultural Activicies Education & Culture Health & Sports Social Maintenance Pensions > Other Benefits

14.2 5.2 2.0 0.6 6.4 0.0

13.9 5.0 1.9 0.6 6.3 0.0

13.9 4.9 2.0 0.6 6.3 0.1

13.4 4.7 2.0 0.6 6.0 0.1

14.5 5.2 Z.2 0.6 6.4 0.1

15.4 5.4 2.3 0.6 6.9 0.1

Administration

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.4

1.8

1.8

1.6

1.6

0.4

0.4

0.3

51.4

51.2

9.1

9.1

Sa

a

Total Revenues Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises Taxes on Individuals

1983 1984 1985 ER

1986 1987 1988 SEN ENN

1991

1992

100.0

100.0

100.0

89.0 40.3 30.4 9.9

92.9 38.9

92.2 31.6

2.1 11.8

23.6 8.0

89.0 34.7 23.7 11.0

49.2 49.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

48.7 48.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

54.0 54.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

48.2 45.4 2.8 0.2 Wee 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.9

44.3 44.3 0.0 3.5 80.0 t

5.9 4.8 0.0 Mes|

11.0 Zell 0.0 8.3

7A K3 0.0 5.7

7.8 0.0 0.0 7.8

11.0 0.0 0.0 11.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

34.5 3.4 0.1 0.6 28.3 Del

35.3 4.4 0.1 0.6 28.2 21

52.4 5.0 0.3 0.7 43.5 2.9

46.6 11.4 6.0 NA NA NA

17.6 6.3 1.9 NA NA NA

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

4.7

NA

16.0 5.6 21 0.7 7.4 0.2

16.5 5.6 Poggi 0.7 7.8 0.2

16.4 5.6 Ze 0.7 Usd 0.2

16.8 5.4 2:5 0.7 8.0 0.2

22.4 Tel 3.6 0.9 10.6 0.2

28.3 10.9 6.4 0.0 11.0 0.0

Pe NA NA NA NA NA

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.7

3.0

NA

V5

js

1.6

1.6

LIES

lag

2.0

129

NA

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.6

0.6

12.3

el

NA

50.2

47.0

40.8

37.1

37.2

39.3

S77

36.2

1.0

0.0

0.0

9.2

9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

13.4

22.8

Domestic Taxes on Goods

and Services Turnover Tax, Excises and VAT Other Taxes on Foreign Trade Property Taxes Taxes on Fixed Assets Land Tax Other Other Taxes Non-Tax Revenues Transfers from the USSR budget Transfer from municipal budgets Other 4 Total Expenditures

Transportation & Communications Other Activities Transfers to USSR Budget Transfers to Local Budgets

a. Includes revenue from foreign currency budget in 1991.

b. In 1991 includes social maintenance and other benefits.

Source:

Ministry of Finance of Latvia.

1989 A

1990 ee

0.0 6.4

Statistical Appendix

263

Table 4.15 - Latvia: Central Government Operations as Share of GDP - Functional Classificati on (Percent)

a

rs

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

Total Revenues

41.6

41.1

42.2

44.8

43.1

42.9

43.1

40.8

39.3

38.6

32.2

20.9

Tax Revenues Taxes on Income and Profits Taxes on Enterprises

39.3 ED 13.9

38.3 16.8 13.6

36.6 1537 12.5

37.5 170) iS:7

* 36.7 1784 1328

36.5 i735 13.9

36.4 18.0 14.5

37.4 19.1 15.4

37.0 17.6 13.8

3.4 2271 DZ 0.0 0.0

34.3 155 V7

3.2 Z1eS 21:5 0.0 0.0

29.9 12S 8.7

Sz 20.9 20.9 0.0 0.0

3.3 20.5 20.5 0.0 0.0

19.3 6.6 4.9

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0:0 0.0 0.0

3.3 19.6 19.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

335 19.0 19.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

3.6 18.4 18.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

357 18.2 18.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

3.8 19.3 19.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

3.8 18.8 18.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

3.8 17.4 17.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

ilesf/ 10.1 OF 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3

Fe 0.9 0.0 je

2.8 1.4 0.0 1.4

5:5 307 0.0 1.8

7.4 4.4 0.0 2.9

6.4 Pas 0.0 4.4

6.5 1.8 0.0 4.7

6.7 2a 0.0 4.2

3.5 0.7 0.0 2.8

2.3 1.9 0.0 0.4

4.2 1.0 0.0 Se

23 0.4 0.0 1.9

1.6 0.0 0.0 1.6

41.0

40.8

41.5

43.8

41.6

42.2

42.1

41.9

43.6

41.1

silal

17.0

Taxes on Individuals Domestic Taxes on Goods and Services Turnover Tax, Excises and VAT * Other Taxes on Foreign Trade

Property Taxes Taxes on Fixed Assets Land Tax Other Other Taxes Non-Tax Revenues Transfers from the USSR budget Transfer from municipal budgets Other

Total Expenditures Economy Investment Expenditures Subsidies Operational Expenditures Price Compensation Other

9.3 1.6 0.1 0.7 5.8 1.0

9.5 1.8 0.2 0.6 5.6 ibe}

10.1 Nl 0.2 0.7 5:9 1.6

12.4 1.9 0.2 0.7 28:9) 1.1

13.9 1.7 0.1 0.8 10:8 0.6

15.2 1.4 0.0 0.8 12535 0.6

14.9 172 0.0 0.8 11S 0.9

1S 1/5 0.0 0.5 10.6 eT

15.0 1:5 0.0 0.3 12.3 0.9

14.5 1.8 0.0 0.2 11.6 0.9

16.3 1.5 0.1 0.2 13%5 0.9

7.9 9 1.0 NA NA NA

Justice & Internal Security

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.8 4.8

Social & Cultural Activities

5.8

5:7

5.8

5.9

6.0

6.5

Education & Culture

6.7

6.9

tk?

6.9

7.0

2.1

2.0

2.0

el

Pa |

Health & Sports Social Maintenance Pensions > Other Benefits

Paes

2.4

2.4

25

po)

0.8 0.2 2.6 0.0

2.2

0.8 0.2 2.6 0.0

1.9

0.8 0.2 2.6 0.0

0.9 0.2 2.6 0.1

0.9 0.2 PA) 0.1

10 0.3 2.9 0.1

0.9 0.3 3.1 0.1

0.9 0.3 3.3 0.1

1.0 0.3 33 0.1

1.0 0.3 3.3 0.1

if 0.3 si 0.1

ital 0.0 1.9 0.0

Administration

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.5

Transportation & Communications

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.6

0.7

0.6

0.3

Other Activities

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.2

3.8

0.4

Ale

20.9

20.8

20.6

17.0

15.6

15.7

16.4

16.4

14.9

0.3

0.0

Transfers to Local Budgets

Set

3.7

3.8

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

4.0

Se

2.8

2.3

State Budget Balance

0.6

0.3

0.7

1.0

1.5

0.8

1.0

-1.0

2.6

1.1

3.9

Transfers to USSR Budget

:

a. Includes revenue from foreign currency budget in 1991. b. In 1991 includes social maintenance and other benefits. Source: Ministry of Finance of Latvia.

43

264

Statistical Appendix

Table 4.16 - Latvia: Local Government Budget - Functional Classification (Min of Rubles)

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

Budget 1992

389.7

400.7

403.7

396.6

417.9

493.0

518.0

750.3

1132.6

1063.2

920.8

2338.6

11345.2

79.0

75.4

SA

62.5

67.9

123.0

117.0

743

1388.6

2742

_ 353.8 — 1681-8

5857.5

Taxes on Income and Profits 79.0 Taxes on Enterprises 79.0 Taxes on Individuals 0.0 Domestic Taxes on Goods and Services 0.0

153 TPKE 0.0 0.1

alll Sil 0.0 0.0

62.4 62.4 0.0 0.1

67.9 67.9 0.0 0.0

73.0 73.0 0.0 50.0

69.0 69.0 0.0 48.0

74.3 743 0.0 0.0

138.6 138.6 0.0 0.0

274.2 274.2 0.0 0.0

Total Revenues Tax Revenues

Turnover Tax and Excises

Value-Added Tax Other Taxes on Foreign Trade Property Taxes Taxes on Fixed Assets Land Tax Other Other Taxes

353.8 353.8 0.0 0.0

1226.9 669.1 557.8 0.0

4274.9 1935.1 2339.8 S21 S2ial

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 48.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 320.3 0.0 232.3 88.0 134.6

0.0 $31.0 300.0 224.5

0.0 0.0 831.0

of which:

Taxes on Natural Resources

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

40.6

Environmental Taxes Other Taxes

54.4

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

29.6 64.4

94.2 75.9

310.7 294.4

325.3 313.9

346.0 337.9

334.1 355.5

350.0 351.3

370.0 346.0

401.0 357.0

676.0 360.0

994.0 394.0

789.0 408.0

567.0 345.0

656.8 653.3

5487.7 5402.4

Total Expenditures

427.55

429.7

451.0

501.1

495.0

537.1

568.6

619.6

648.6

735.5

927.5

2047.0

11606.7

Economy Investment Subsidies

129.3 45.7 7.8

1265 47.6 7.9

136.2 45.5 28.2

169.6 43.9 9.5

167.0 48.3 8.0

193.5 59.1 12.9

208.4 63.3 10.0

223.8 68.7 9.7

208.2 APL 12.9

243.8 83.8 15.3

0.1 9.9

0.3 23

334.3 105.8 8.3

0.0 0.7

$52.5 301.7 80.1

el 1.0

4006.5 1058.7 400.0

0.7 0.9

0.8 1.0

0.3 0.7

69.4

61.8

114.1

109.1

13323)

el 0.6 9143.7

0.2 1.0

65.8

0.7 0.9 119.9

11824)

143.7

0.1 27.4 19257)

NA NA NA

NA NA NA

278.2 168.3 98°59) 11.0

280.7 167.0 1023 11.4

293.6 299.7 174.4 177.2 10797 | 1hile7 jVIER 10.8

303.1 180.5 111.8 10.8

318.4 191.3 115.4 ile?

333.9 204.7 L723) 11.9

366.6 227.8 12633: 1235

412.8 259.3 14051 13.4

458.9 285.8 156.5 16.6

535.8 333.2 181.3 21.3

1330.1 826.2 458.7 45.2

6885.4 NA NA NA

Administration

9.5

9.7

7.4

10.5

9.0

7.9

11.9

16.4

15.0

18.7

34.7

0.0

Transportation & Communications

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.6

1.1

0.8

b.2

0.0

10.3

12.5

13.4

20.9

15.5

16.8

13.9

1283

11S:

13.3

DIES

164.4

714.7

-37.8

-29.0

-47.3

-104.5

-77.1

-44.1

-50.6

130.7

484.0

327.7

6.7

291.6

-261.5

Non-Tax Revenues Transfer from state budget Other

Operational Expenditures Price Compensation Other Social & Cultural Activities Education & Culture Health & Sports Social Maintenance

Other Activities Local Budget Balance Source:

Ministry of Finance.

Statistical Appendix

265

Table 4.17 - Latvia: Subsidies by Product (Min of Rubles)

eg 1980

1981

1982

1983

Agro-Industrial Complex

487.6

517.6

642.8

Food Production Grain Cattle, Poultry, Fowl Sugar Starch Products Eggs Milk & Dairy Products Fish Soy-Beans & Rye Sugar Beets Farmers

455.2 TPZ" 301.3 0.0 O10 0.4 142.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

479.8 -13.6314.5 0.0 F027 0.4 150.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1984

ee

a

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1180.4

1289.4 1284.4

1162.8

1152.3

1497.3

1576.5

1261.3

593.1 12.9 398.1 0.0 2.6 0.5 179.0 0.0" 0.0 0.0 0.0

1051.4 -5.2 521.5 0.0 3.8 0.8 425.1 105.4 0.0 0.0 T1.6-

1150.1 1138.4 O57 Ze 547.3 646.1 0.0 47.0 4.9 aJol/ 1.6 ils) 451.1 374.5 “135.5 “635 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 93:3--99.2

1022.3 eget 554.4 45.1 3.3 0.5 349.5 Mish 4.9 0.0 1065

1028.5 1154.2 = 1S.7 11.7 572.4 620.0 47.1 559 2.4 2.2 0.2 0.0 339.8 381.5 TAS 92.9 Po 0.0 0.0 0.0 7819-9323.)

1201.2 14.0 640.9 Sie, 3.0 0.0 432.0 64.1 0.0 0.0 365.3

ETA 43.0 583.0 aS 4.2 0.0 253.0 48.0 0.1 iit 9c

Transfers to Low Profit Farms

0.0

0.0

0.0

Agric. Producer Price Support

77.6

93.3

99.2

106.5

0.0

78.9

0.0

10.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0"

~312.5°

32.4 9.6 PNAS 1.8

“365.3

37.8 9.8 pil Ds

49.7 22.0 PLE) 220

281°3

51.4 ZL 19.7 9.6

46.0 23.4 15:05 7.6

46.8 24.6 ot > 4.7

44.9 23.9 13.6 7.4

20.0 8.7 4.4 6.9

10.0 1.0 1.0 8.0

P58} 0.0 0.0 pie}

4.7 17,

3.6 2.0

3.4 25

6.9 4.2

8.2 5.1

5.1 2p

6.1 Sie

6.2 ahaa)

7.8 3.8

2h 4.4

0.3 0.0

Other Agro-Ind. Subsidies Agric. Machines Mineral Fertilizers Flax Industry Leather Rat Mat.

34.0 20.6 Us) aed/

Process. Leather

ez

TEM

0.1

0.0

Fur Ethyl Alcohol Other

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.1 ee) 0.0

0.4

0.2 0.3 0.0

0.4

0.0 0.8 0.0

0.0

1s 1.4 0.0

1.4 1.4 0.0

lee. 0.9 0.0

1.6 ial 0.0

1S) 0.6 0.0

3.4 0.2 0.0

ie 0.1 15.0

0.0 0.2 0.1

°"s1'5,3. =19.9 0.0 4.6

*373%6. -17.4 0.0 3.8

16.77 -1910" 0.0 Zo

50 -193 0.0 -1.1

18.1 -18.4 25:40 11.1

32.0 -15.0 9510 12.0

-16.4 -19.0 0.0 2.6

1282.3 1275.9

1152.2

1138.1

1523.2

1629.6

1245.2

Other Consumer Subsidies Radios Consumer Goods Canned Fruit

=20.8 -20.8 0.0 0.0

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