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LNCS 12729
Aasa Feragen Stefan Sommer Julia Schnabel Mads Nielsen (Eds.)
Information Processing in Medical Imaging 27th International Conference, IPMI 2021 Virtual Event, June 28–June 30, 2021 Proceedings
Lecture Notes in Computer Science Founding Editors Gerhard Goos Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany Juris Hartmanis Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Editorial Board Members Elisa Bertino Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA Wen Gao Peking University, Beijing, China Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany Gerhard Woeginger RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany Moti Yung Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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More information about this subseries at http://www.springer.com/series/7412
Aasa Feragen · Stefan Sommer · Julia Schnabel · Mads Nielsen (Eds.)
Information Processing in Medical Imaging 27th International Conference, IPMI 2021 Virtual Event, June 28–June 30, 2021 Proceedings
Editors Aasa Feragen Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
Stefan Sommer University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
Julia Schnabel King’s College London London, UK
Mads Nielsen University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic) Lecture Notes in Computer Science ISBN 978-3-030-78190-3 ISBN 978-3-030-78191-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78191-0 LNCS Sublibrary: SL6 – Image Processing, Computer Vision, Pattern Recognition, and Graphics © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
The Information Processing in Medical Imaging (IPMI) conferences have a long history and broad reach. Since 1969, the conferences have taken place on either side of the Atlantic, and the very first IPMI in Asia occurred fifty years later in Hong Kong. IPMI 2021, the twenty-seventh conference in the series, was scheduled to happen in Denmark on the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea. However, in the spring and summer of 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic remained a challenge in large parts of the world. Though swift and extensive vaccination programs promised to soon reclaim normality, uncertainty related to international travel made a large physical gathering impossible. Therefore, IPMI 2021 was the first in the conference series to take place not in Asia, the USA, or Europe, but entirely virtually. All these decades have established traditions that give the IPMI conferences a very special feel and help to promote the series’ hallmarks: IPMI places the utmost importance on high-quality submissions coupled with presentations and thorough discussions of the presented contributions. To facilitate this, the venues are often chosen in remote locations and the conferences have discussion groups, social activities, and unlimited discussion time for each presentation. In 2021, we were challenged with organizing a conference that kept as many of these aspects as possible in a virtual venue. We made every effort to retain the IPMI traditions and ideas while navigating the restrictions of a virtual conference. IPMI 2021 built on the traditional study groups to extend the discussions to both papers presented orally and in poster sessions. The virtual setting allowed study groups to meet before the conference to start the discussions and network in the groups. During the conference, poster sessions ran twice to accommodate time-zone differences. In addition to live talks, oral presenters had posters where participants could meet and discuss the paper and presentations according to their time-zone preference, with no restrictions on duration. Gitte Moos Knudsen, Professor at the Department of Neurology and Chair of the Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, gave the keynote at IPMI 2021. And of course the conference included the traditional IPMI soccer match, this time without a physical ball. IPMI 2021 received 204 submissions, of which 200 papers went into peer review and were reviewed by at least 3 reviewers each. Following the reviewing process, each paper that received at least one “accept” was read by one or more members of the Paper Selection Committee, and most of these papers were discussed at the paper selection meeting. 59 submissions were accepted for publication and presentation at the conference, resulting in a 30% acceptance rate. At the conference, 19 oral presentations and 40 posters were presented on topics ranging from brain connectivity, image registration and segmentation, causal models and interpretability, representation learning, computer-assisted intervention, differential geometry, and shape analysis. One of the defining priorities throughout the organization was diversity. In particular, all committees had at least 40% representation of either gender, and we also strived for
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a diverse reviewing pool. We are excited to note that among the accepted papers we find first authors from Asia, Africa, North America and Europe – a trend that we hope will continue. The François Erbsmann Prize is awarded to a young scientist of age 35 or below, who is the first author of a paper, giving his/her first oral presentation at IPMI. The prize was awarded to one of the 18 eligible oral presenters, and awards were given for the best poster presentations. The IPMI 2021 organizing team would like to send a special thanks to both the Scientific Committee and the Paper Selection Committee: the 166 reviewers did an excellent job in reviewing the submitted papers. The Paper Selection Committee - Polina Golland, Martin Styner, Albert Chung, Ender Konukoglu, Marleen de Bruijne, Dorin Comaniciu, Ipek Oguz, and Demian Wassermann - reached decisions for each paper based on the reviews and thorough discussions in the committee. Due to the pandemic, the paper selection meeting was virtual as well. This, however, proved no obstacle for the work: the committee worked efficiently through a number of long hours on Zoom to decide on the final list of accepted papers. We would like to thank the IPMI board for giving us the opportunity to host IPMI 2021, and for valuable discussions on how to handle the difficult situation regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. This in particular applies to Albert Chung, who in addition to being chairman of the IPMI board was also the organizer of IPMI 2019. Albert has been invaluable in sharing experiences on organizational aspects and in discussing how to organize the first virtual IPMI. IPMI 2021 was supported financially by the Carlsberg Foundation, the Lundbeck Foundation, the Otto Mønsted Foundation, and Springer. We are extremely grateful for the support which has allowed us to offer a number of IPMI scholarships for participants needing financial assistance to attend IPMI as well as a general reduction in registration fees. Furthermore, we wish to thank our universities – the University of Copenhagen, the Technical University of Denmark, and King’s College London - for generous organizational and administrative support. We have been delighted to organize IPMI 2021 and present the range of excellent scientific work covered in this volume. We hope IPMI 2021 offered the best possible experience for a first time virtual IPMI. Perhaps IPMI 2021 will be the only virtual conference in the series, or perhaps some form of virtuality will persist or reappear in future IPMIs. We did our very best to organize the conference in a very difficult time. May 2021
Stefan Sommer Aasa Feragen Julia Schnabel Mads Nielsen
Organization
Conference Chairs Stefan Sommer Aasa Feragen Julia Schnabel Mads Nielsen
University of Copenhagen, Denmark Technical University of Denmark, Denmark King’s College London, UK University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Communications and Local Organization Nanna Højholt
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Paper Selection Committee Polina Golland Martin Styner Albert Chung Ender Konukoglu Marleen de Bruijne Dorin Comaniciu Ipek Oguz Demian Wassermann
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong ETH Zurich, Switzerland Erasmus MC the Netherlands, and University of Copenhagen, Denmark Siemens Healthineers, USA Vanderbilt, USA Inria, France
Scientific Committee Adrian V. Dalca Akshay Pai Alexis Arnaudon Alice Barbara Tumpach Alison Noble Anand Joshi Andrea Fuster Andrew King Anna Calissano Anuj Srivastava Archana Venkataraman Arrate Munoz Barrutia Ayushi Sinha
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Cerebriu, Denmark Imperial College London, UK University of Lille, France University of Oxford, UK University of Southern California, USA Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands King’s College London, UK Politecnico di Milano, Italy Florida State University, USA Johns Hopkins University, USA Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain Philips Research, USA
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Baba Vemuri Beatriz Paniagua Ben Glocker Bennett A. Landman Benoit Dawant Bjoern Menze Boklye Kim Boudewijn Lelieveldt Bulat Ibragimov Carl-Fredrik Westin Carole H. Sudre Caroline Petitjean Catie Chang Chantal Tax Chao Chen Chen Chen Chen Qin Christof Seiler Chuyang Ye Claire Cury Clara Sanchez Gutierrez Daniel Alexander Daniel Rueckert Darko Stern Diana Mateus Dou Qi Dzung Pham Ehsan Adeli Elizabeth A. Krupinski Enzo Ferrante Erik B. B. Dam Ernst Schwartz Ertunc Erdil Esther E. Bron Esther Puyol-Antón Francois-Xavier Vialard Frithjof Kruggel Gary E. Christensen Gemma Piella Ghada Zamzmi Guido Gerig Harshita Sharma Herve Lombaert Hongzhi Wang Isabelle Bloch Islem Rekik
University of Florida, USA Kitware, USA Imperial College London, UK Vanderbilt University, USA Vanderbilt University, USA Technical University of Munich, Germany University of Michigan, USA Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands University of Copenhagen, Denmark Harvard University, USA University College London, UK Université de Rouen, France Vanderbilt University, USA Cardiff University, UK Stony Brook University, USA Imperial College London, UK Imperial College London, UK Maastricht University, the Netherlands Beijing Institute of Technology, China Inria, France Radboud UMC, the Netherlands University College London, UK Imperial College London, UK Technical University of Graz, Austria Centrale Nantes, France The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Henry M. Jackson Foundation, USA Stanford University, USA University of Arizona, USA CONICET, Argentina University of Copenhagen, Denmark Medical University of Vienna, Austria ETH Zurich, Switzerland Erasmus MC, the Netherlands King’s College London, UK University of Paris-Est, France UC Irvine, USA University of Iowa, USA Pompeu Fabra University, Spain NIH, USA New York University, USA University of Oxford, UK Microsoft Research-Inria Joint Centre, France IBM Research, USA Télécom Paris, France Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Organization
Ivan Ezhov Ivor J. A. Simpson James S. Duncan James Gee Jan Kybic Jana Hutter Jens Petersen Jeppe Thagaard Jerry L. Prince Jesper L. Hinrich John Ashburner Jon Sporring Joseph Reinhardt Justin Haldar Kaleem Siddiqi Karl Rohr Karthik Gopinath Kayhan Batmanghelich Kilian Pohl Klaus H. Maier-Hein Laura Igual Laurent Risser Lei Du Lei Li Li Shen Li Tang Lilla Zöllei Linwei Wang Luping Zhou M. Jorge Cardoso Magdalini Paschali Mahdieh Khanmohammadi Marc Niethammer Marco Lorenzi Marco Pizzolato Maria A. Zuluaga Mathilde Bateson Matthew Toews Mattias Heinrich Michela Antonelli Mingchen Gao Mingxia Liu Moo Chung Natasha Lepore Nicola Rieke Nina Miolane
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Technical University of Munich, Germany University of Sussex, UK Yale University, USA University of Pennsylvania, USA Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic King’s College London, UK University of Copenhagen, Denmark Visiopharm, Denmark Johns Hopkins University, USA University of Copenhagen, Denmark University College London, UK University of Copenhagen, Denmark University of Iowa, USA University of Southern California, USA McGill University, Canada University of Heidelberg, Germany ETS Montreal, Canada University of Pittsburgh, USA SRI, USA German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany Universitat de Barcelona, Spain CNRS, France Northwestern Polytechnical University, USA Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China University of Pennsylvania, USA University of Iowa, USA Massachusetts General Hospital, USA Rochester Institute of Technology, USA University of Sydney, Australia King’s College London, UK Technische Universität München, Germany University of Stavanger, Norway UNC, USA Inria, France Technical University of Denmark, Denmark EURECOM, France ETS Montreal, Canada École de technologie supérieure, Canada University of Luebeck, Germany King’s College London, UK University at Buffalo, USA UNC, USA University of Wisconsin at Madison, USA Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, USA NVIDIA, Germany Stanford University, USA
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Organization
Nooshin Ghavami Olivier Commowick Olivier Salvado Paul A. Yushkevich Pengcheng Shi Pew-Thian Yap Pierre-Louis Bazin Qingyu Zhao Raghavendra Selvan Rasmus R. Paulsen Razvan V. Marinescu Reyer Zwiggelaar Roland Kwitt Ross Whitaker Roxane Licandro Sami S. Brandt Sara Garbarino Sarah Gerard Shanshan Wang Shireen Elhabian Shuo Li Sidsel Winther Silas N. Ørting Simon K. Warfield Sophia Bano Stefan Klein Steffen Czolbe Steve Pizer Sune Darkner Suyash P. Awate Sylvain Bouix Talha Qaiser Tessa Cook Tianming Liu Tim Cootes Tim Dyrby Tobias Heimann Ulas Bagci Vedrana A. Dahl Veronika A. Zimmer Wenqi Li Xavier Pennec Xiaoran Chen Xiaoxiao Li Yalin Wang Yi Hong Yixuan Yuan Yong Fan Yonggang Shi
King’s College London, UK Inria, France Australian e-Health Research Centre, Australia University of Pennsylvania, USA Rochester Institute of Technology, USA University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands Stanford University, USA University of Copenhagen, Denmark Technical University of Denmark, Denmark Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA University of Aberystwyth, UK University of Salzburg, Austria University of Utah, USA TU Wien, Austria IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark Università di Genova, Italy Harvard Medical School, USA Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, China University of Utah, USA University of Western Ontario, Canada Technical University of Denmark, Denmark University of Copenhagen, Denmark Harvard University, USA University College London, UK Erasmus MC, the Netherlands University of Copenhagen, Denmark University of North Carolina, USA University of Copenhagen, Denmark Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India Brigham and Women’s Hospital, USA Imperial College London, UK University of Pennsylvania, USA University of Georgia, USA University of Manchester, UK Technical University of Denmark, Denmark Siemens Healthineers, Germany Northwestern University, USA Technical University of Denmark, Denmark King’s College London, UK NVIDIA, UK Inria, France ETH Zurich, Switzerland Princeton University, USA Arizona State University, USA Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University of Pennsylvania, USA University of Southern California, USA
Organization
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IPMI 2021 Board Albert Chung Martin Styner James Duncan Stephen Pizer Chris Taylor Gary Christensen Gabor Szekely Jerry Prince William Wells Sebastien Ourselin Marleen de Bruijne Randy Brill Andrew Todd-Pokropek Polina Golland Alison Noble Richard Leahy
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong University of North Carolina, USA Yale University, USA University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA University of Manchester, UK University of Iowa, USA ETH Zurich, Switzerland Johns Hopkins University, USA Harvard Medical School, USA King’s College London, UK Erasmus MC, the Netherlands Vanderbilt University, USA University College London, UK Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Oxford University, UK University of Southern California, USA
Contents
Registration HyperMorph: Amortized Hyperparameter Learning for Image Registration . . . . Andrew Hoopes, Malte Hoffmann, Bruce Fischl, John Guttag, and Adrian V. Dalca
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Deep Learning Based Geometric Registration for Medical Images: How Accurate Can We Get Without Visual Features? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lasse Hansen and Mattias P. Heinrich
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Diffeomorphic Registration with Density Changes for the Analysis of Imbalanced Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hsi-Wei Hsieh and Nicolas Charon
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Causal Models and Interpretability Estimation of Causal Effects in the Presence of Unobserved Confounding in the Alzheimer’s Continuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sebastian Pölsterl and Christian Wachinger Multiple-Shooting Adjoint Method for Whole-Brain Dynamic Causal Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Juntang Zhuang, Nicha Dvornek, Sekhar Tatikonda, Xenophon Papademetris, Pamela Ventola, and James S. Duncan Going Beyond Saliency Maps: Training Deep Models to Interpret Deep Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zixuan Liu, Ehsan Adeli, Kilian M. Pohl, and Qingyu Zhao
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Generative Modelling Enabling Data Diversity: Efficient Automatic Augmentation via Regularized Adversarial Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yunhe Gao, Zhiqiang Tang, Mu Zhou, and Dimitris Metaxas
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Blind Stain Separation Using Model-Aware Generative Learning and Its Applications on Fluorescence Microscopy Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Xingyu Li
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Contents
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