IELTS 7+ with Sir Yashal [1 ed.]

Citation preview

Institute of Languages & Professional Development

with Sir Yashal

0317-9704572

D-146, Anwar Education Plaza, near Midway Centrum, 6th road Rawalpindi

Contact #: +92-51-4580332+92-317-9704572

IELTS COURSE OBJECTIVES Name of Student:

Month:

LISTENING TEST

SCORE

READING TEST

SCORE

SPEAKING CUE CARDS CUE CARDS

WRITING SECTION-I

Book-8/1

Book-8/1

Cue Card-1

Line Graph-I

Book-8/2

Book-8/2

Cue Card-2

Line Graph-II

Book-8/3

Book-8/3

Cue Card-3

Bar Chart-I

Book-8/4

Book-8/4

Cue Card-4

Bar Chart-I

Book-9/1

Book-9/1

Cue Card-5

Pie Chart-I

Book-9/2

Book-9/2

Cue Card-6

Pie Chart-II

Book-9/3

Book-9/3

Cue Card-7

Picture Discrip-I

Book-9/4

Book-9/4

Cue Card-8

Picture Discrip-II

Book-10/1

Book-10/1

Cue Card-9

Table-I

Book-10/2

Book-10/2

Cue Card-10

Table-II

Book-10/3

Book-10/3

Cue Card-11

SECTION-II

Book-10/4

Book-10/4

Cue Card-12

Opinion-I

Book-11/1

Book-11/1

Cue Card-13

Opinion-II

Book-11/2

Book-11/2

Cue Card-14

Adv/Disadv-I

Book-11/3

Book-11/3

Cue Card-15

Adv/Disadv-II

Book-11/4

Book-11/4

Cue Card-16

Both Views-I

Book-12/1

Book-12/1

Cue Card-17

Both Views-II

Book-12/2

Book-12/2

Cue Card-18

Problem/sol

Book-12/3

Book-12/3

Cue Card-19

Problem/Sol-I

Book-12/4

Book-12/4

Cue Card-20

Problem/Sol-II

Mock-1

Mock-1

Mock-1

Mock-1

Mock-2

Mock-2

Mock-2

Mock-2

Mock-3

Mock-3

Mock-3

Mock-3

Mock-4

Mock-4

Mock-4

Mock-4

CPE-LINGO Institute of Languages and Professional Development

th

REMARKS

6 road, near Midway Centrum, Rawalpindi +92-317-9704572

Contents Module

Details

Page No

Speaking

Section-I

1

Section-II

9

Section-III

22

Modal Tests

27

Frequently asked questions

36

Spoken Expressions

39

Modal Answers

41

Structure of the test

44

Question types

46

General tips

55

Structure of the test

57

Question types

57

General tips

72

Academic Writing Task-I

74

General Writing Task-I

88

Writing Task-II

105

Synonyms & Antonyms

125

Listening

Reading

Writing

0317-9

1

IELTS SPEAKING SECTION-I In the IELTS Speaking Module, part 1, the examiner will ask personal questions about you, your family, your work, your interest, your education or other familiar topics. A categorized list of such topics and questions is given below. You can use these sample questions to rehearse for the IELTS speaking module, part 1, of the oral interview. Make sure you can speak correctly, clearly, and with ease and confidence in response to each question. Remember to make your answer interesting by providing more than the most basic information. Some of these sample questions appear most of the IELTS exams, so review them well. Make an IELTS speaking preparation notebook and write down the answers of the questions provided here: YOU o o o o o o

What’s your name? What’s the meaning of your name? What do you do? What do you do in your leisure time? Describe your educational background. Why are you taking IELTS?.

o o

Do you have a large or small family? How much time do you spend with your family? Do you go outside together? Whom you like most in your family? Why? What do you like to do together as a family? What types of families are more common in your home town? What is your favourite memory with your family members?

FAMILY

o o o o o

WORK o o o o o o o o o o

What do you do? What are your responsibilities? How many hours do you work each day? Do you enjoy your work? Is there some other kind of work you would rather do? If you could change your job or profession, what would you do? Describe the process of getting a job in your country. Describe the office where you work. What do you like about your job? What do you dislike about your job? 0317-9704572

CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

2

EDUCATION o o o o o o o

Describe your education. What kind of school did you go to as a child? Did you go to a co-educational school? What was your favorite subject as a child? Who was your favorite teacher? What is the education system like in your country? Do you think your country has an effective education system?

STUDIES o o o o

What are you studying now? What is your area of specialization? What was your favourite subject in school? How the education is helpful to shape a person’s life?

HOMETOWN o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

Describe your hometown. What’s special about it? Where is your hometown located? Is it easy to travel around your hometown? What do people in your town do? What are the main industries in your hometown? What problems face your hometown? What languages are spoken in your hometown? What are the advantages of living in your hometown? What are some problems faced by your hometown? Compare your hometown with another city. What are some environmental problems faced by your hometown? What is your favourite place in your hometown? How long have you been living there? Who else live in your hometown?

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

3

WEATHER o o o o o o o

What’s the weather like in your country? Does the weather affect your mood? How do rainy days make you feel? What’s your favorite season of the year? What do you like to do when it’s hot? How many seasons does your country have? Have you noticed any changes in weather and atmosphere in the last few years?

HOME o o o o o

Describe your home. What kind of building do you live in? How long have you lived there? Describe your room. Describe what you do when you stay at home?

WEDDING o o o o o o o o

Have you ever been to a wedding? Whose wedding was it? Where was it held? What clothes do people wear? Describe the wedding ceremony. What sort if gifts do people buy for the bridal couple? What kind of clothes did the bride and groom wear? What is the most common tradition of wedding in your country?

TRAVEL o o o o o o

Do you like to travel? What kind of places have you visited in your life? Which place would you really like to visit? Why? What’s the best place you’ve ever visited? What are some places where you would live to travel in future? Describe a place where you have recently been to.

COMPUTERS 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

4 o o o o o o o

Do you think computers help society? Do you think computers are bad for health? How do you think computers have changed the world? How long have you been using a computer? What do you mostly do in a computer? Do you use internet? How do you interact with your friends?

INTERNET o o o o o o

Do you use the Internet much during the day? What do you usually do on the Internet? What are some advantages of the Internet? What are some disadvantages? Do people in your country use the Internet a lot? Do you do any shopping on the Internet?

E-MAIL o o o o o

Do you send and receive email regularly? Who do you usually communicate with? How often do you check your email? Do you think writing email has strengthened or weakened people’s writing skills? What are some disadvantages of email?

FRIENDS o o o o o

Describe a friend. How long have you known each other? What do usually do together? What do you like the most about him / her? How often do you see each other?

PLACE o o o o o

Describe a place you like to go. Why is this place special to you? When did you first visit this place? Where is this place located? What language is spoken here? Do you speak this language?

SMOKING o

What do you feel about smoking in public places? 0317-9704572

CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

5 o

Do you think smoking should be banned in people’s homes?

MARRIAGE o o o o o o

What is the attitude toward marriage in your country? Do most young people plan on getting married in your country? What are some of the advantages of marriage? What are some of the disadvantages? Is the divorce rate high in your country? Do you think people should be allowed to get divorced?

HOBBIES o o o o o

Do you have any hobbies? What are some of your hobbies? When did you first develop this hobby? What are some of the advantages of having a hobby? How much time do you spend on your hobby?

FILMS/MOVIES o o o o

Do you enjoy watching movies? What’s your favorite film? Who are your favorite actors? How often do you watch films?

SHOPPING o o o o o o

Do you enjoy shopping? How do you feel about shopping? Do you like shopping on the Internet? Do you have any favorite stores? What don’t you like about shopping? Which is the most popular place to shop in your hometown?

SPORTS o o o o o o o

Do you like sports? Do you enjoy watching sports? Do you enjoy participating in any sports? Which sports are most popular in your country? What’s your favorite sport/ When did you first become interested in sports? How often do you participate in sports? 0317-9704572

CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

6 o

What equipment do you need for your favorite sport?

o o

What are some of your favorite foods? What foods are popular in your country? What are some of the famous dishes of your country? Do you enjoy cooking?

FOOD

o o

FESTIVAL o o o o o o

What’s the most important festival in your country? How do people celebrate this festival? What special food is associated with this festival? What special activities are associated with this festival? What do you enjoy most about this festival? Do you think festivals are important for a society?

TELEVISION o o o o o o o o o

Do you watch television a lot? What do you usually watch on television? How many hours of television do you usually watch? What are the most popular shows in your country? What kind of shows do you like to watch? What are some advantages of television? What are some of the disadvantages of television? What did you last watch on television? Why do you think certain TV shows are so popular?

TOURISM o o o o o o

Which places would you recommend to a visitor to your country? Do a lot of tourists visit your country? What do they usually do there? How has tourism changed your country? Is your country expensive for most tourists? What are some famous landmarks in your country?

DAILY ROUTINE o o o

Describe your daily routine. What do you usually do? What do you do on the weekend? 0317-9704572

CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

7 o o o

What is you typical weekday like? Does your life change much from week to week? Do you have any free time during the week?

YOUR COUNTRY o o o o o o

Describe your daily routine. What do you usually do? What do you do on the weekend? What is you typical weekday like? Does your life change much from week to week? Do you have any free time during the week?

CLOTHES o o o o o o o

What type of clothes do you like to wear? What kind of clothes do people in your country usually wear? How important is fashion to you? What kind of clothes do you dislike? Do you think people behave differently in different kinds of clothes? What kind of clothes do people wear to work in your country? Are clothes expensive in your country?

GOING OUT o o o o o o o o

Do you like going out or staying at home? What do you like to do when you go out? How often do you go out? What types of places you prefer to go to? Do you like visiting public places? Do people in your country go our a lot? How and where do people in your country usually socialize? What kind of entertainment is popular in your country?

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

8

GAMES o o o o o o o o o o

Do you enjoy playing any games? What kind of games do you play? Do you think adults should play games? What do children learn from games? What kind of games did you play when you were a child? What games are popular in your country today? What kinds of games were popular when you were young? Do you think mental games like chess are good for you? What is the national sport in your country? Do you play any outdoor games?

COLOURS o o o o o o o

Do you have a favorite color? What are your country’s colors? Do you think colors affect our moods? Can you learn anything about a person from the colors he / she likes? Do you like the same colors now as you did when you were a child? Does the colour of someone’s costume reflect his/ her personality? What is your favourite colour for dresses you wear?

MUSIC o o o o o o o o o o o o

Do you like music? What kind of music do you like? When do you usually listen to music? What kind of music did you like when you were younger? What kind of music is popular in your country? Do you play any musical instruments? Do you wish you could play any musical instruments? Which is your favorite instrument? Who is your favourite singer? What type of song you often listen? Do you think listening music helps? Who are some famous singers in your country?

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

9

SECTION-II Speaking Section-II is a Cue Card Presentation. It is three minutes task. The examiner will give a cue card on card. Candidate will have one minute to think and then two minutes consecutive to speak. Divide 1 minute most productively by assigning only 2-3 words to answer the follow up questions in 20-25 seconds and with the remaining time write down as many adjectives as possivle to recall preferably by applying the ACROSTICS approach. Examiner wants to see FLUENCY, GRAMMATICALL RANGE, LEXICAL RESOURCES, COHERRENCE, COHESION and TASK COMPLETION. Always apply introduction, body, and conclusion approach. Split the time in this statistical ratio. 25 seconds for introduction, 60 seconds for body and 30 seconds approximately for conclusion.

Describe a place you would like to visit. You should say: Where is it? When would you like to go there? Whom would you like to go with? and explain why you like to visit that place?

Describe an admirable personality You should say: Who is this person? How do you know this person? Why do you admire her/him? and explain qualities of this personality.

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

10

Describe a shopping centre you often visit. You should say: Where is it? What are available there? Why do you often go there? and explain why do you like this shopping centre? Describe a photograph you have taken yourself which you particularly like. You should say: what the picture shows when you took it why you took it and explain why you particularly like this photograph. Describe the music you like most. You should say: What kind of music is it? What is special about this music? Why do you like to listen this music? and explain what are the advantages and disadvantages of listening this music.

Describe a crowded place you have visited in your country. You should say: Where it is? When you went there? With whom you went there? and explain how you felt about being there.

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

11

Describe an activity you recently took part in. You should say: What kind of activity was it? Why did you take part in it? How was it organized? and explain your feeling about this activity and when you take part in it. Talk about a stage/ part of your life that you enjoyed the most. You should say: What part of age was it? Where were you that time? What memorable things did you do? and explain why this is the most enjoyable part/stage in your life. Describe a time when you stayed far away from your home. You should say: When and where was it? How long did you stay there? Why did you stay there and what did you there? and explain how did you feel about staying far away from home. Describe a time when you moved to a new house or school. You should say: When did you move? Where did you move to? Whom did you move with? and explain how you felt about it.

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

12

Describe a personal achievement you are proud of? You should say: What did you achieve? When did you achieve it? What was difficult about achieving it? and explain why you are proud of achieving it?

Describe a house or apartment you lived in and which you liked? You should say: When you lived there? How it looked from inside? What kind of area it was in? and why you liked living there?

Describe a skill you have learned that you think is very useful. You should say: What it is? Where and when you learned it? How you use it? and explain why you think this skill is so useful.

Describe your favourite teacher. You should say: Why do you like him/her? What did he/she teach you? Which class were you in at that time? and explain how would you compare this teacher with other teachers. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

13

Describe an interesting person you know. You should say: What sort of person s/he is? How you first met him/her? What s/he does for the living? and explain why do you think this person is interesting? Describe an admirable personality. You should say: Who is this person? How do you know this person? Why do you admire her/him? and explain why do you think this person is interesting? Talk about a historical building in your country or city that you know. You should say: What and where is it? When was it built? Why? What is it known for? and describe this historic building. Describe a vacation you had really enjoyed. You should say: When did you take this vacation? Where did you take this vacation? Who did you go with? and why did you enjoy this vacation. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

14

Describe a movie that made a strong impression on you. You should say: Which movie was it? Who were the significant actors? Would you watch it again? and how has it impacted you?

Describe a celebration you recently participated in. You should say: What was the celebration about? Who did play an active role in the celebration? Where was this event celebrated? Explain what you have learned through your participation?

Describe an open-air or street market which you enjoyed visiting. You should say: Where the market was? What the market sells? How big the market was? and explain why you enjoyed visiting this market? Describe a day when you thought the weather was perfect. Please say: Where you were on this day? What the weather was like on this day? What you did during the day? and explain why you thought the weather was perfect on this day. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

15

Describe a celebration you recently participated. You should say: What was the celebration about? Who played an active role in the celebration? Where was this event celebrated? and explain what have you learned through this participation? Describe a project or a piece of work you did together with someone. You should say: What was it? What did you do? Why did you chose that person? and give details of the project or work. Describe a small company in your hometown that you think is successful. You should say: Why you think it is successful? How you know it? What they produce? and explain how you think it became successful? Describe a business you would like to start. You should say: What would it be? Where would it be? Who your customers would be? and explain why you would like to start this business?

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

16

Describe a special occasion in your life. You should say: What is it? Where this occasion took place? When it occurred? and explain why it is special to you?

Describe what you usually do in your leisure time. You should say: What do you do? With whom do you do? Where do you do it? And explain why you like to spend your free time this way.

Describe your favourite photograph. You should say: Where was the photo taken? Who took the photo? What can be seen from the photo and explain why it is your favourite photograph?

Describe an indoor game you enjoyed playing in childhood. You should say What the game was? Where you played it? Who played this game with you? and explain why you enjoyed playing it? 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

17

Describe a good law in your country. You should say: What is it? How do you know about it? What do people think about this law? and explain why you think that it is a good law? Describe a creative person whom you admire. You should say: Who this person is? How he/ she is creative? How do you know him /her? and explain why you admire this person? Describe an occasion when someone visited your home. You should say: Who the person was? What the occasion was? What did you do during the visit? and how you felt about this person’s visit. Describe a person who once moved to live with you. You should say: Who was he/she? How long this person lived with you? Why he/she moved to live with you? and explain how you felt about it?

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

18

Describe an interesting news that you watched on T.V. You should say: Where you watched it? What was it about? What was special about it? and explain which part of the news was interesting for you?

Describe an important day you celebrate in your country. You should say: What day it is? How you celebrate this day? How this is different from other celebrations? and explain why this is an important day to celebrate? Describe an app you use on your mobile phone. You should say: What it is? How you use it? What benefits you get from this app? and explain why this mobile app is important to you. Describe your favourite restaurant You should say: Where is it? What it looks like from inside and outside? What kind of food do they serve? What makes this restaurant so special to you and to others?

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

19

Describe a book that had a major influence on you. You should say: What is the name of the book and the author? How did you first hear of the book? What is the main story of the book? Why does it play such an important role in your life? Describe a handcrafted item which you made yourself. You should say: What it was? How you made it? What you did with it? and explain how you felt about making it yourself. Describe a story that was particularly interesting to you. You should say: What it is about? Who told you this story? When you heard this story? and explain why this was an interesting story to you? Describe a person whose job is important to the society. You should say: Who this person is? What is his/her profession? How s/he helps others? and explain why the job this person has is important to the society.

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

20

Talk about a piece of clothing that you received as a gift recently. You should say: What it was? When you received it? Who gave it to you? and explain if this gift was important to you.

Describe an invention that changed how people live. You should say: What it is? How it changed people’s lives? The benefits it brought? and say if it is more important for older or younger people. Describe a shop that recently opened in your city/country. You should say: What its name is? Where it is? Who the typical customers are? and say if you have bought anything from the shop. Why/Why not? Talk about a high-paying job in your country. You should say: What job it is? What the job involves? If it is a popular job? and what the requirements are to get the job or a similar job that is highly paid.

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

21

Describe a person who helped in your work or study. You should say: Who this person is? What this person did for you? How this person helped you? And explain how you felt after this person helped you.

Describe a couple you know who have a happy marriage. You should say: Who they are? How you know them? What they usually do together? and explain why you think that they are a happily married couple.

Describe a service that you received for free. You should say: What it was? Who provided this service? Why you took it? and explain how you felt about it.

Talk about the time when you spent some time with a child. You should say: When it was? Who the child was? Why you spent time with the child? and explain what you did. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

22

SECTION-III Topics and Questions Section-III lasts 4-5 minutes in which questions may or may not be related to the topic of SectionII. The examiner here requires the candidate to give prolonged and analytical answers in order to carry on with this 2-wy discussion with the candidate doing most of the talking providing his / her own opinion in most questions. FAMILY.     

Is family important in your country? How has the size of the family changed in the last few decades in your country? How do you think the family will change in the future? What role do grandparents play in the family in your country? Who do you think should be responsible for the care of the elderly, the family or the government?  Why is the number of joint families decreasing in modern time? HISTORIC PLACE.  How do people in your country feel about protecting historic buildings?  Do you think an area can benefit from having an interesting historic place locally? In what way?  What do you think will happen to historic places or buildings in the future? Why?  How were you taught history when you were at school?  Are there other ways people can learn about history, apart from at school? How?  Do you think history will still be a school subject in the future? Why? FILMS/ CINEMA.      

Do you think the cinema has increased or decreased in popularity in recent years? In your opinion, will this trend continue into the future? What are the advantages and disadvantages of making films of real-life events? How important do you think it is for a filmmaker to remain true to the original story? Should films and television be censored or should we be free to choose what we see? How do you think censorship laws will change in the next 20 years?

UNIVERSITIES  Is higher education too expensive in your country?  Should all students pay for their university education? Why? 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

23

   

What advantages do universities bring to the society? Is it same in your country? Which is more important, research or teaching? Why? How should students spend their summer vacations? How do/did you spend it? What are the advantages of private universities than public universities?

READING BOOKS.     

Do you generally read a lot of books or do you prefer watching TV? Why? What kind of books are considered good reads in your opinion? Do you think that people read nowadays as they did in the past? Do you regard famous writers as good role models? If a movie is based on a book, would you prefer to read the book or to watch the film? Why?  How our reading habit changes as we grow up? Why does it happen? MEDIA & NEWS.      

How do most people get their news in your country? How do you think people will get their news in the future? Do you believe everything you read in the newspapers? How has TV changed people's life? What do you think of children watching TV? How has social media changed the way we get and share the news?

INTERNET.      

Do most people have a computer at home in your country? What do most people use it for? Do you think all information on the internet is true? How can people find reliable information on the internet? How has the internet changed the way we live? How has the internet changed the way we work? Do you think the internet is safe for children to use unsupervised?

ART.  Describe the general purpose of art. Why do people enjoy art?  Do you think that art is as important as academic subjects when it comes to educating children?  What are the advantages and disadvantages of art education?  Why do you think some people enjoy looking at paintings and sculptures and others do not? 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

24

 What are the advantages and disadvantages of being an artist?  Do you think that some people are naturally better artists than others? EATING HABITS.      

Tell me about the types of food that people eat in your country. How are the eating habits now in your country different from eating habits in the past? How healthy is your country’s food? Why do you think different cultures have different table manners? How may eating habits change in coming decades? What one aspect of a foreign tradition you like about their eating habits? Why?

WORK.      

Do you think job satisfaction is more important than salary when choosing a job? What skills do you think are needed to get a good job these days? Do you think women should be able to do all the same jobs that men do? How has technology changed the way we work? What is the difference between white collar and blue collar jobs? What jobs do you think are most valuable to society?

TRANSPORT.      

How do most people travel long distances in your country? Have the types of transport people use changed much over the last few decades? What kind of improvement have there been in transport in your country in recent years? Do you think transport is likely to continue to improve in the future? Do you think most people should use public transports? Why/ why not? Why some countries impose higher taxes on car ownership? How is the scenario in your country? HOLIDAY.      

Why do you think people go on holiday? How important is it for families to go on holiday together? Why do some people go on holiday alone? What kind of holidays will be popular in the future? Is it better to take a holiday in your own country or in a foreign country? Why? What problems can people have on holiday in a foreign country?

TECHNOLOGY.

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     

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of modern technology. In what ways has technology changed your society? How has technology changed the way we communicate? How has technology changed the nature of long-distance relationships? What are the limitations of technology when it comes to interpersonal relationships? How could technology be considered a hindrance for us? Can we overcome it?

EDUCATION.      

What makes a good student? What role should the teacher have in the classroom? Do you think computers will one day replace teachers in the classroom? How has teaching changed in your country in the last few decades? What is the difference between the way children learn and the way adults learn? How can a teacher make lessons for children more interesting?

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT.      

Why is it important to protect the natural environment? What environmental problems are common in your country? What can the government in your country do to deal with those problems? What technological innovations should the world develop to protect the environment? Do you think the youth these days care about the environment? Why? Environmental problems are too big to be dealt at the individual level? Do you agree? Why/ Why not?

LIFE EXPERIENCE.      

Do you agree that we learn best from our mistakes? What’s the best way to gain experience in life? Can we gain life experience from books and movies? Which is more important, experience or potential? What experience do you wish you had gained? Why do some people fail to learn from their experience?

INFLUENCE OF TELEVISION.    

How popular is watching television in your country? Tell me about the types of programmes that are generally on television in your country. Why do people like watching television? Which one do you is better - state or private television? Why? 0317-9704572

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 What effects can watching television have on children?  How the TV programmes differ now than that of 10 years ago? THE INTERNET AND SOCIAL MEDIA.      

What types of websites are popular among your generation? Is using the internet a social or solitary activity? How has the internet changed social behaviour? Should companies check job applicants’ online profiles? What will be the next big development online? How has the internet changed the way we communicate with others?

NATURE.      

What are the main environmental problems in your country? Why should people be concerned about the environment? How can people protect the environment? Do you think money should be spent on protecting animals? Do you think more should be done to protect natural beauty spots in your country? What can a government do to encourage people not to harm the environment?

CLOTHES.      

Can clothing tell you much about a person? Why do some companies ask their staff to wear uniforms? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having uniforms at work? When do people wear traditional clothing in your country? How have clothes fashions change in your country over the last few decades? What is the difference between clothes that young people and old people like to wear?

SPORTS.      

What types of sports are popular in your country? Why? What are the benefits of playing a sport? Do you often play a sport? Why/ why not? Do you think the types of sport that are popular will change in the future? How can sports bring people from different countries closer together? Why are some international sports more popular than others?

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IELTS SPEAKING MODAL TESTS SPEAKING TEST 1

Interview              

What is your full name? Can I see your ID? Where are you from? Do you work or study? Do you work for extended hours? What do you prefer to do on weekends? Do you write (type or by hand) as part of your daily life? Is writing important in life? Would you like to write a book? Do you like boating? How many times did you travel by boat? Where did you go and when? Do people use boats for travel in your country? Would you like to own a boat?

Cue Card Describe any subject which you learned in school. You should say: What was the subject? Was it interesting? How useful was it later on in your life? Discussion     

Do you remember other subjects you learned at school? How important is math in a person’s life? Do you think that everyone is good at math? Does the government take any action to develop people’s math skills? Why? Are writing and math skills equally important in a person’s life?

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SPEAKING TEST 2

Interview             

What is your full name? Can I see your ID? Where are you from? Do you work or study? What do you do at the job? Would you recommend this job to others? Why? How often do you use internet? What do you think about internet? What are the negative effects of internet? Do your family members use the internet? What are the negative effects of internet? What do you do to stay healthy? What is your plan for future?

Cue Card

Describe an unusual job that you would like to do? You should say: What would this job be? How do you know about this job? Why would you like to do it?

Discussion    

What are the parameters by which people are choosing jobs? Why? What is the difference between jobs for men and women? What suggestions would you gie to children for choosing a future job? Do you agree that children should do part time jobs? Why?

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SPEAKING TEST 3

Interview             

What is your full name? Can I see your ID? Where are you from? Do you work or study? What do you do at the job? Would you recommend this job to others? Why? How often do you use internet? What do you think about internet? What are the negative effects of internet? Do your family members use the internet? What are the negative effects of internet? What do you do to stay healthy? What is your plan for future?

Cue Card

Describe an unusual job that you would like to do? You should say: What would this job be? How do you know about this job? Why would you like to do it?

Discussion    

What are the parameters by which people are choosing jobs? Why? What is the difference between jobs for men and women? What suggestions would you gie to children for choosing a future job? Do you agree that children should do part time jobs? Why?

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SPEAKING TEST 4 Interview            

What is your full name? Can I see your ID? Where are you from? Do you work or study? Do you live in apartment or house? Describe a traditional house in your country? What is attitude of people of in your country towards modern and traditional buildings? What do you think about internet? What are the negative effects of internet? Do your family members use the internet? What do you do to stay healthy? What is your plan for future?

Cue Card

Describe a toy that you played with as a child You should say: What toy it was? Who gave it to you? Why you liked it? Why you remember that toy until now? Discussion    

What is the difference between girls’ and boys’ toys? Do you think toys really help in children’s development? Does modern technology have an influence on children’s toys? How we lost our hand skills such as sewing?

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SPEAKING TEST 5 Interview              

What is your full name? Can I see your ID? Where are you from? Do you work or study? Describe your job? What is the most challenging part of your job? Describe your workplace? Do you like the people you work with? Do you have to work overtime? How many hours of sleep do you need a day? Why? Do you think sleep is important? Why? Do you think we need to sleep in the afternoon? Why? What music do you prefer? How does it affect you?

Cue Card

Talk about a situation where you were late. You should say: What were you late for? What caused your to be late? How did you feel about it?

Discussion  What is the importance of being on time?  Do people in your accept excuses for being late?  Is it important to be on time at your work?

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SPEAKING TEST 6

Interview             

What is your full name? Can I see your ID? Where are you from? Do you work or study? Have you ever been to a museum? Did you go to museums as a student? Do students in your country always go to museums? Do you think students should go to museums? Do you like boating? How many times did you travel by boat? Where did you go and when? Do people use boats for travel in your country? Would you like to own a boat?

Cue Card Describe a garden that you like and visit often You should say: Where is it? What kind of garden is it? What do you like the most about it, and why? Discussion    

Do your friends visit this garden too? Do you think gardens are important for people? What are the benefits of gardens for different age groups? Should government encourage more gardens in cities?

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SPEAKING TEST 7 Interview  What is your full name?  Can I see your ID?  Where are you from?  Do you work or study?  Why did you choose this course/ job?  Let’s talk about your daily routine? I’d like to move on and ask you some questions about shopping.  Who does most of the shopping in your household?  What type of shopping do you like? Why?  Is shopping a popular activity in your country? Why or why not?  What type of shops do teenagers like best in your country? Let’s talk about films.  How often do you go to the cinema?  What type of films do you like best? Why?  What type of films don’t you like? Why not? Cue Card Describe an important event in your life You should say: When it happened? What happened? Whether this event affected other people? And explain why you feel it was important? Discussion    

What days are important in your country? Why it is important to have national celebrations? Do you think any new national celebrations will come into being in the future? Are there any celebrations from other countries that you celebrate in your country?

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SPEAKING TEST 8

Interview  What is your full name?  Can I see your ID or passport?  Where do you come from?  Do you work or study?  What is your normal day like?  What do you do after work?  If your could change something in your daily schedule, what would it be and why? Let’s talk about films.  How often do you go to the cinema?  What type of films do you like best? Why?  What type of films don’t you like? Why not? Cue Card Talk about an important person you know. You should say: What he do? Where he is? How he help people? And Why you consider him important? Discussion      

Does everyone agree with you about that person being important? Is there any profession which is more important others? Should people receive the same salary when they do different jobs? What are some of the reasons why people dislike their professions? How much writing do you do in a day and why? Would you be able to write a book?

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SPEAKING TEST 9

Interview  What is your full name?  Can I see your ID?  Where are you from?  Do you work or study?  Do you enjoy cooking?  Do you prefer home cooked meals or fast food?  What would you typi8cally eat for lunch?  Do you enjoy looking at photographs?  Do you prefer photographs of people or places?  When do you mostly take photographs? Now let’s talk about transport.  Do you often use public transport?  Do you often walk anywhere?  Have you ever been on a long journey?  Do you prefer to travel alone or with other people? Cue Card Describe a business you would like to start. You should say: What would it be? Where would it be? Who your customers would be? and explain why you would like to start this business? Discussion     

What are the advantages and disadvantages of running your own business? What makes a successful business person? Do you think technology will affect the way we do business? What makes a good employer? Do you think life would be better if we all worked less?

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SPEAKING TEST 10

Interview  What is your full name?  Can I see your ID?  Where are you from?  Do you work or study?  Do you enjoy reading? Why?  What sort of things do you read?  Tell me something about your favourite book?  What are the advantages of reading instead of watching television or going to the cinema? Let’s talk about sports.  What sports are most popular in your country?  What sports and games did you most enjoy playing when you were a child?  Do people take as much exercise as in the past?  Whey is exercise good for you? Cue Card Describe the person in your family who you most admire. You should say: What their relationship is to you? What they have done in their life? What they do now? and explain why you admire them so much? Discussion      

In what ways have families in your country changed in recent years? Should husbands and wives have different roles within the family? Why? Which are more important to you? Your family or your friends? What conflicts can arise between a person’s family and a person/s friends? What responsibilities do parents have towards their children? What responsibilities do children have towards their parents?

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Prepare for the Following Frequently Asked Questions in the IELTS Speaking Test.... PART 1                                

Please come in. Why don't you take a seat? First, let me have. a look at your passport. It is for security purposes. Good. What's your full name? And you are (nationality of the candidate). Which part of your country do you come from? Describe your hometown to me. When choosing a place to live, what do you consider most important? What do you like or dislike about living in your town or city? What changes would make your hometown more appealing to people of your age? Would you prefer to live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment? Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which one do you prefer? Some people are always in a hurry to go to places and get things done. Other people prefer to take their time and live life at a lower pace. What do you prefer? Do you work at the moment? What are the best things about where you work? What do you dislike most about your work? Where do you come from? Tell me about your country. What is your general opinion about your hometown? What are the things of interest in that place? Do you live with your family? What do your parents do? Would you like to do the same job as your parents? Do you have a large or small family? Who does most of the shopping in your family? Do you enjoy shopping? Do you work at the moment? Have you ever had any other jobs? How will IELTS help you in the future? What are your main interests? What other indoor activities do you enjoy? How would you describe your lifestyle? What is life like for you in your hometown? Are you married? Are you happy with your marital life?

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PART 2 Cue cards PART 3                        

Do you think that people and situation have changed since you were born? How and in what respects? What are some of the main industries in your country? How serious is unemployment in your country? What do you consider as the main cause? What role does religion have in everyday life in your country? Compare the media now with how it was a generation ago. What kind of effects do the media have on children and young people? Can you tell me about your childhood? Can you remember a toy you were given when you were a child? Who gave it to you? And what was the occasion? What did you do with the toy? What do you think you can learn from your toy? Do you think there is a difference between toys chosen by females and males? This is the end of your interview. Thank you and goodbye. What roles do men / women typically play in families in your country? How different is your life from the lives of your parents / grandparents? How have these roles changed recently? Entertainment is a very important part of our lives. Most people listen to the radio or watch television. How did people entertain themselves before these things came into existence? Do you think radio and television have had a positive effect on the world? Has television stopped family members from communicating with each other? Is there too much violence on television these days? Does violence on television or on video contribute to violence in society?

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SPOKEN EXPRESSIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

The topic I’ve got is………………………. Let me [tell you about……………..] [introduce………… ……....] As far as ………………is/are concerned……….. In my opinion……………… I must say ………………. Well/ you know/ you see It depends To be honest (I’ve never heard of it) Let me give you an example Let me put it this way…………. I’ve never been fond of …………….. I’m not into it/ I’m into it There is nothing I like more/ less than………….. I am very keen on……………………. It reminds me of……………………………….... I get along very well with………………………. The reason I [don’t like is…………… The reason I [like it is……………….. I wish I could tell you [more about this topic [something about this topic But [I’m not familiar with it. [I don’t have any knowledge about it. I’m afraid……………………………………… Personally I believe …………………………… In [that/my] case………………………………. I’m not fussy First of all My primary concern is………………………… When it comes to……………………………… I guess Let me recall my memory……….. Let me think……………………... What I mean is/I mean…………… No matter what/when/how There’s no harm in…………………………… In fact In most of the cases, what happens If you ask me In a sense In terms of I still remember 0317-9704572

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39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.

Not at all Up to some extent You never know……………………… Kind of I find it very hard……………………. Obviously To tell you the truth It doesn’t make any difference If I had my way I would ……………..

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MODAL ANSWERS IELTS Speaking Part 1: 1.

What is your good name?

Well my complete name is 2.

, but \i would prefer to be called

.

What is meaning of your name?

Fairly speaking, I don’t know the exact meaning of my name, but an online dictionary says, means a beautiful person. 3.

How many family members do you have in total?

Well, it’s a compact, happy and brief family, comprises of 5 family members in total that includes my two parents and three siblings. 4.

Why are you taking IELTS exam?

Actually I am planning to pursuit my higher studies from abroad and this is one of the compulsory requirements of that. 5.

What is your hometown? / Where are you from?

Actually my parents are from do consider Islamabad as my home town. 6.

but I was born and raised in Islamabad so I

Where do you live? House or apartment?

Well, we believe in a joint family system. So we are living in a big house which is constructed by my father. 7.

What are our favorite sports?

Well, I am a sports lover person. I love all kinds of sports but I like cricket the most because it is very energetic and classy game. 8.

What is your favorite colour?

I like all colours but white colour is my favorite because it is very peaceful colour. 9.

What kind of music do you like?

When it comes to the music, music arose me. I love all types of music but I like sufi and folk music most. 10.

What is your favourite dress? Why you like it most?

I am a patriotic person and I am in love with my national dress which is long shirt and lose trousers. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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11.

What kind of TV programs you like most?

Actually, I am having a tough routine but I don’t have time but when I am having time I used to watch comedy programs. 12.

How often you go market for shopping?

Actually shopping is my mother department. She is doing most of the house hold shopping for all of us. I don’t like shopping. 13.

What kinds of films do you like most?

As far as films are concerned, I am more towards Hollywood action films like thriller and adventure films. 14.

How often you use social media?

I am an internet lover. I use social media on regular basis specially facebook.

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IELTS Speaking Part 2: Describe someone in your family whom you really admire. You should say: What relation this person is to you? What are your first memories of this person? How often you see this person? And explain why often do your admire this person? Model Answer 1: I've got a small family with only five members and all of us are very close to each other and we love each other very much. Among them, I love my mother more than anyone else in the whole world. I adore my mother for her caring, loving, adorable behaviours and wit. She is the person I can share everything with and that's the reason I worship her so much. Possibly she was the first human I saw when I opened my eyes in this world. A relationship with a mother is divine and all of my childhood memories are either related to my mom or my school. I can still remember a day I was late to come back home after school and that's because there was a ceremony at the school I did not know about. All of a certain I found that my mother was entering through the school gate to find me. I was so frightened that my mother would rebuke me for being late unnoticed and she must be mad at me. But to my best surprise, when my mother saw me she had a warm smile on her face that I'll never forget till my last breath on this earth. Then she hugged me and gave me a kiss. I felt then that I love my mother more than me. She attended the program at the school and afterwards we came back home together. I spent my 19 years or so with my father and mother but I stay at a metropolitan city now for my education. Whenever I get a vacation, I meet my mother at my village home. On an average, I spend 2/3 months with my mother each year but I talk to her over the phone almost twice a day. The reasons why I admire her are endless. She is caring, tender, she has got a big heart and she possesses a great love for everyone. She had been an ideal mother to raise 3 kids and making sure our education and moral values. She had made a lot of sacrifices all of her life and had never complained about anything to my best knowledge. She is the person who reminds me the power of love and caring.

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IELTS – LISTENING Procedure of the test The listening module is the first test you do on the test day. The tape is only played once. You are given a question paper and an answer sheet. While you listen you write your answers on the question paper. When the tape stops you are given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet. The test takes about 30 minutes.

Structure of the test The first two sections are concerned with social needs. Section 1 In this section you will hear an informal or semi-informal conversation between two people. For example, you might hear a discussion about what’s on television; or you might hear someone making a complaint about their rented flat or a faulty product, or someone asking for information or making a booking. Section 2 In this section you will hear a monologue in a similar context to section 1. For example you could hear someone talking about the restaurants in a town or describing the rules or regulations in a hostel or the procedure you need to follow in order to make a complaint. The last two sections are concerned with situations related to educational or training contexts. Section 3 In this section you will hear a conversation with up to four speakers. It will be more formal than Section 1. The speakers could be students discussing a lecture or planning something for class or talking to someone in authority at a college or university. Section 4 In this section you will hear a monologue in the form of a lecture or talk. It will also be more formal. All the topics will be of general interest and not biased towards students of particular disciplines. Test instructions At the beginning of each section the speaker will give a brief introduction to the situation. For example, You are now going to listen to a conversation in a language school. Paulo is registering for a course and talking to a lady at the student services counter. You will then be given instructions: Read questions 1 to 6. As you listen to the tape, write the correct answer in the spaces provided. You are then told to look at the questions: 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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First you have some time to look at the questions 1 to 6. The tape will be silent for about 30 seconds. Then the speaker will repeat which questions you have to answer: Now listen and answer questions 1 to 6. Question types The types of tasks are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Multiple Choice Short-answer questions Sentence completion Notes/table/summary flow-chart/diagram completion Labelling a diagram which has numbered parts Classification

There are 40 questions in total and about 10 questions in each section and at least two types of questions in each section. Both the texts and the tasks increase in difficulty as the test progresses. Marking You are given a mark for each of the 40 questions and your result is converted into a score which corresponds to one of the bands from 1-9 which you will see on your result sheet. You can be awarded a whole or a half band in the listening section.

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The Question Types 1.

Multiple Choice

There are three types of multiple choice questions in the IELTS listening exam. a. b. c.

Where there is one possible answer. (These are sometimes picture multiple choice.) Where there are multiple answers for only one mark. Where there are multiple answers and one mark for each.

For these questions you may be given the start of a sentence which you have to complete with one out of four or more choices. Or you may be presented with a question and asked to find two, three or four items in a list of answers. Look at the examples below. Type 1 Questions 1 and 2 Circle the correct letters A-C. 1 When did John finish the book?

2 What did John think about the book?

A on the way to Japan B in Japan C on his way back from Japan.

A He thought it was funny. B He couldn’t understand it. C He didn’t enjoy it.

Type 2 Questions 3 and 4 Choose TWO letters A-E. 3

John likes to read novels… a. on his way to work.. b. during his lunch break.. c. on his way home from work. d. after dinner. e. when he goes to bed.

4

John would like the library… a. to open on Sundays. b. to have more magazines and journals. c. to employ more staff. d. to have exhibitions. e. to do some renovations.

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Type 3 Questions 5-7 Circle THREE letters A-F. What types of books does John like to read? A Science fiction B Thrillers C Adventure D Romance E War F Biographies Also note that you may be asked to circle ONE, TWO, THREE or FOUR letters.

How to do the multiple choice questions  

   

Read the instructions carefully and check how many letters you need to circle. Skim the questions and the answer choices quickly before the recording starts and during the 30 seconds given. As you do this,  underline the key words – the words that give you the most information, such as the ‘wh-’ words and nouns.  try to work out what you are going to hear from the vocabulary of the questions and/or pictures.  translate any pictures into words and look for details that are different in the options.  decide what kind of information you need to listen out for. Listen to the introduction given carefully. Answer the questions as you listen. Circle the letters. The information will be given in the same order as the questions, although it might be expressed differently. Be prepared not to hear the first or even second answer choices mentioned. Remember to make notes beside the question if you are not sure of the answer, so you can go back later. Don’t leave any questions unanswered. Remember  to listen for people correcting themselves when speaking. They may discuss one of the answer choices and then reject it. ‰  to eliminate unlikely answers.

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2.

Short answer questions

These questions require general information or specific details which you will find by listening to the text. There are two types of short answer questions in the IELTS listening exam. Type 1. Type 2.

Questions Lists

These questions will always tell you to write your answers in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. So you can answer with one word, two words or three words but no more. Also note that the answers should not require a hyphenated word (e.g. non-smoker) or a contraction (e.g. They’ve). If the answer requires a number, you can write it as a numeral (e.g. 6) or a word (e.g. six) or a combination of a numeral and a word (e.g. 6 million). Look at the examples below. Type 1 Questions 1 and 2 Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS or A NUMBER for each answer. 1 2

On which day of the week is the museum closed? …………………………………………………… How old is the museum? ………………………………………………………………………….

Type 2 Questions 3 - 5 List THREE things which the museum has recently bought. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. 3 ………………………………………………. 4 ………………………………………………. 5 ………………………………………………..

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How to do short answer questions  

Read the instructions carefully. Skim the questions quickly before the recording starts and during the 30 seconds given. As you do this,    

   

underline the key words. try to work out what you are going to hear. decide what you need to listen out for. look out for question words like ‘where’ and ‘who’ which indicate you should listen for specific things like places and people.

Listen to the introduction given carefully. Answer the questions as you listen. The answers will be given in the same order as the questions although they may be expressed differently. You may use your own words. Make notes beside the question if you are not sure of the answer. Remember  if you don’t know the meaning of any of the words in the questions look at the other questions. They might have some associated vocabulary in them to help you guess the meaning. ‰  the answer could be one word, two words or three words but not four or more. ‰  if you think you need more than three words your answer is probably incorrect.

3.

Sentence completion questions

These questions require you to complete the end of a sentence or insert a word or phrase in the middle of a sentence or one sentence may require a word in the middle and a word at the end. The sentences may be in a table. They are similar to the short answer questions in that they will always tell you to write your answers in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. So you can answer with one word, two words or three words but no more. As with short answer questions: Also note that the answers should not require a hyphenated word (e.g. non-smoking) or a contraction (e.g. They’ve). If the answer requires a number, you can write it as a numeral (e.g. 6) or a word (e.g. six) or a combination of a numeral and a word (e.g. 6 million). Look at the example below. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Questions 1 - 3 Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. 1.

Both Hong Kong and Japan have …………………… .

2.

There are more ………. ………….. visiting Japan.

3.

Tourists are interested in …………………. and ………………………. .

How to do sentence completion questions  

Read the instructions carefully. Read the sentences carefully before the recording starts and during the 30 seconds given. As you do this,     

   

underline the key words. try to work out what you are going to hear. decide what you need to listen out for. anticipate grammatical form as well as vocabulary. if the sentences are part of a table, check whether they are horizontal or vertical.

Listen to the introduction given carefully. Answer the questions as you listen. The information will be given in the same order as the questions, although it may be expressed differently. You may use your own words. Make sure your sentences are grammatically correct. Make notes beside the question if you are not sure of the answer. Remember  the answer could be one word, two words or three words but not four or more. ‰  if you think you need more than three words your answer is probably incorrect.

4.

Notes/table/form/summary/flow chart/diagram completion questions

These questions ask for specific information. There are two types of these completion questions in the IELTS exam. Type 1. With a selection of possible answers. Type 2. Without a choice of possible answers. These questions require you to:  insert a word or phrase in the middle of a sentence. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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 insert a word in the middle and another word at the end of a sentence.  write words or phrases that are not in sentences.  write a letter that represents a word or phrase. Type 2 questions are similar to the short answer questions in that they will tell you to write your answers in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. So you can answer with one word, two words or three words but no more. As with short answer questions also note that the answers should not require a hyphenated word (e.g. non-smoker ) or a contraction (e.g. They’ve). If the answer requires a number, you can write it as a numeral (e.g. 6) or a word (e.g. six) or a combination (e.g. 6 million). Look at the examples below. Questions 1 -5 Complete the table below using the words from the box. Write the appropriate letters A-G against Questions 1-5. Breed Pug Scottish Terrier Shih Tzu Great Dane Greyhound A B C D E F G

Facts (1) ……….. (2) ……….. (3) ……….. (4) ……….. (5) ………..

watchdog in Chinese imperial courts bred to chase foxes status symbol police dog bred to guard sheep appealed to Victorians came from the Middle East

Type 2 Questions 6 -8 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS or A NUMBER for each answer. SOUTH DOWNS DOG SHOW Date: (6) ……………………………. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Time: (7) …………… to …………… Place: (8) ……………………………

How to do these completion questions  

  

Read the instructions carefully. Look at the table or form etc carefully before the recording starts and during the 30 seconds given. As you do this, ™  examine any headings or subheadings. ™  try to work out what you are going to hear.  decide what you need to listen out for. ™  anticipate grammatical form as well as vocabulary. ™  if a box of answers is given, see if you can guess any of the matches & eliminate unlikely answers. Listen to the introduction given carefully. Answer the questions as you listen. Make notes beside the question if you are not sure of the answer. Remember  if there is a box of answers, there will be at least two you don’t need. ‰  if there is no box, the answer could be one word, two words or three words but not four or more. ‰  if you think you need more than three words your answer is probably incorrect. ‰  there may be alternative rubrics for these completion questions e.g. ‘complete the notice’ or ‘complete the explanation’ or ‘complete the news report’.

5.

Labelling a diagram which has numbered parts

You will be given a diagram and asked to label it with labels given in the listening text. You will usually be given a box of words or phrases from which to select the labels. Look at the example on the next page.

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Questions 1 - 6 Label the booths at the exhibition. questions 1-6. Entrance Booth 1 Oriental Holidays Booth 2 Booth 3 Indonesian Tourist Board Booth 4 Booth 5 Booth 6 Postal Service

Choose your answers from the box and write them next to Coffee / Tea

Exist Booth 12 Holidays Asia Booth 11 Booth 10

_____1 6_____ 5_____ _____2

Booth 9 Malaysian Tourist Board Booth 8 Booth 7 Asian Art Magazine

_____3 4_____

Oriental vases Korean cabinets Indian rugs Chinese furniture Thai silk Malaysian batik Tibetan prayer rugs Balinese woodwork Oriental art

How to do labelling the diagram questions      

Read the instructions carefully. They will state how many words you should use if there is not a box of labels provided. You could be asked to write one word only. Study the diagram. You may be able to predict one or two answers or associated vocabulary that you may hear connected to a particular label. Check whether the labels are numbered in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction. The information will be given in the same order as the numbers on the diagram. Write down or select the labels as you listen. Use the words you hear, not your own. Remember to listen carefully when words are spelt out. Write them down even if you don’t know where they go. Use the information given on the diagram to help you if you get lost.

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6.

Classification questions

These questions ask you to classify information given in the listening text. Classifications are often according to the speaker’s opinion or according to a period of time or place. You will either be asked to write a letter which represents one of the classifications beside each item in a list of statements. Or you could be asked to circle a letter in a table or tick a column in a table. Look at the examples on the next page. Questions 1 -4 Write the appropriate letters A-C against questions 1-4. Where are the following facilities? A in Portsmede B in Smalltown C in Farmton Example hairdressers 1 2 3 4

……C….

ice rink …………… cinema ……….. French restaurant ……………. clinic ……………

How to do these classification questions       

Read the instructions carefully. Make sure you know how many classifications there are and what letters you have to use. Read the classifications carefully and make sure you know which letter represents each one. Read the statements/phrases or words beside the question numbers and make yourself as familiar with them as possible. You will hear them all mentioned but they may be expressed differently in the text. Underline the key words in both the classifications and the question statements. Listen out for the words you have underlined. Don’t leave any statements without a letter.

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General Tips for the listening test Before the exam 

Make sure you are familiar with the instructions for the different question types so you can quickly glance at the questions and know what to do.  Think about the type of situations you might come across living or studying in an English speaking country, such as someone asking for directions or talks on topics of general interest.  Listen to as wide a range of material as possible – English language television and radio, listening sites on the Internet and films and music are all great sources.  Do as many practice tests as you can to get used to the speed of delivery and the task types.  Focus on the strategies and skills you need for listening. For example:  ‘listening for specific information’  ‘guessing meaning of words’,  ‘recognising signposts’  ‘understanding lectures & talks’ Practise these strategies and skills with as much listening material as you can.

During the exam Before listening        

Make sure you use the 30 seconds given at the beginning of each section to read the questions before listening. Make sure you look at all the questions in each section. Make sure you read the instructions carefully. Make sure you know what form your answer should take e.g. a word, a letter, a tick, a phrase, a circle around the correct letter etc Make sure you use the time given to analyse the questions. Decide what you are listening for. Are you listening for specific information, for the main idea or for the speaker’s attitude? Use the outline given of the topic, who is talking and the situation to predict possible answers. When you look at the questions, think about synonyms. You may not hear the exact words that are in the answer choices.

While listening    

Listen carefully to the instructions. Listen out for key words and common signpost words like – ‘on the other hand’, ‘in contrast’ etc Remember the questions usually follow the same sequence as the conversation or talk but the information may be expressed differently from the questions. Write down something even if you haven’t got the answer before moving on to the next question. Make sure you continue to listen while you are writing as you only hear the tape once. 0317-9704572

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  

Don’t get stuck on a question you can’t answer. Just move on. Remember there may be sections of irrelevant information. Just keep listening for the information you need. Write notes in the question booklet as you listen. This may help you go back to a difficult question later.

After listening   

Make sure you transfer your answers correctly. Make sure you use the time given to check your answers. If you can’t remember an answer, guess.

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IELTS – READING Details of the Reading Test Procedure of The Test The reading module is the second test you do on the test day. You are given a question booklet and an answer sheet. There is no time, unlike in the listening test, at the end to transfer answers so you have to write your answers directly onto the answer sheet. You are given 60 minutes for the test. The test instructions indicate how much time you should spend on each section of the test. Structure of The Test The test is divided into three sections. You are given a reading passage with questions in each section. The questions can be both before and after the passages. The topics of the passages are of general interest and come from magazines, journals, books and newspapers. At least one of the passages will present a logical argument. The texts increase in difficulty as the test progresses. There may be a glossary of technical words. Question Types The types of tasks are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Multiple Choice Short-answer questions Sentence completion Notes/table/summary flow-chart/diagram completion Yes, no, not given or True, false, not given Classification Matching lists/phrases Choosing headings for paragraphs/sections of a text Scanning and identifying location of information Labelling a diagram which has numbered parts

There are 40 questions in total. Each of the three sections has around 10-15 questions and there are at least two types of questions in each section. Marking You are given a mark for each of the 40 questions. Your result is converted into a score which corresponds to one of the bands from 1-9. You will see the band on your result sheet. You can be awarded a whole band or a half band for the reading section.

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THE QUESTION TYPES 1.

Multiple Choice

There are three types of multiple choice questions in the IELTS reading exam. Type 1. Type 2. Type 3.

Where there is one possible answer. Where there are multiple answers for only one mark. Where there are multiple answers and one mark for each.

For these questions you may be given the start of a sentence which you have to complete with one out of four choices. Or you may be presented with a question and asked to find two, three or four items in a list of answers. You could be asked to identify facts or opinions in the texts. Multiple choice questions can test both your global understanding of the text or ask you for specific information. This means you will have to make the decision yourself whether to skim or scan the text. Look at the 3 examples below: Type 1 Questions 1-3 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet. 1

According to information in the text, asparagine A B C D

2

According to information in the text, acrylamide A B C D

3

is poisonous. can cause cancer. is harmless unless heated. should only be eaten in small amounts.

has been found in lots of fried food. has been found in snacks in Sweden. is only found in western cooking. is in water.

According to information in the text, process foods A B C D

should be avoided. are cheaper. are full of chemicals. are the most tasty foods.

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60 Questions 4 Write TWO letters A-F in box 4 on your answer sheet. 4 Which TWO examples of food is asparagine found in? A B C D E F

peanuts rice French fries asparagus chocolate bananas

Type 3 Questions 5-7 Questions 5 - 7 The list below gives some of the problems for dieters raised by Dr Jones. Which THREE of these problems are mentioned by the writer of text? A B C D E F

Accessible junk food. Coffee bars and after-work drinks. Partners. Stress & emotional situations. Saboteurs and false friends. Weakened resolve.

Also note that you may be asked to circle ONE, TWO, THREE or FOUR letters.

How to do the multiple choice questions ·  

Read the instructions carefully and check how many letters you need to circle. Skim all the questions and the answer choices quickly. As you do this,  Underline the key words (the words that give you the most information).  Try to get an idea of the topic you will be reading about from the vocabulary of the questions.  Look at any illustrations or diagrams that go with the text.

 

Go back to the first question. Decide if you are looking for specific information or whether the question requires you to understand the whole text . Then either scan or skim the text, as appropriate, to find the answer. Read the relevant part of the text very carefully. 0317-9704572

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

Don’t leave any questions unanswered.

Remember  to read the stem or question carefully.  to eliminate unlikely answers.

2.

Short answer questions

There are two types of short answer questions in the IELTS reading exam. Type 1. Questions Type 2. Lists These questions will usually tell you to write your answers in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. So you can answer with one word, two words or three words but no more. However, this is not always the case, so check the rubric carefully. For these questions, like the multiple choice questions, you have to apply both skimming and scanning techniques. Also note that the answers should not require a hyphenated word (e.g. non-smoker ) or a contraction (e.g. They’ve). If the answer requires a number, you can write it as a numeral (e.g. 6) or a word (e.g. six) or a combination of a numeral and a word(e.g. 6 million). Look at the 2 examples below. Type 1 Questions 1 and 2 Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS, answering the following questions. Write your answers in boxes 1 and 2 on your answer sheet. 1 2

How old was Spencer when he did his first degree? Which teacher was instrumental in Spencer’s success?

Type 2

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62 Questions 3-5 List FOUR reasons for Spencer being a child prodigy. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 3-5 on your answer sheet. 3 ………………………………………………. 4 ………………………………………………. 5 ………………………………………………..

How to do short answer questions ·  

  

Read the instructions carefully. Skim all the questions quickly. As you do this:  underline the key words.  decide what information you need to find in the text.  look out for question words like ‘where’ and ‘who’ which indicate you should listen for specific things like places and people. Go back to the first question and decide what part of the text you need to read. Read the part carefully to find the answer. You may use your own words. You don’t have to write a complete sentence but it does have to be grammatically correct.

Remember  If you don’t know the meaning of any of the words in the questions, look at the other questions. They might have some associated vocabulary in them to help you guess the meaning.  The answer could be one word, two words or three words but not four or more.  If you think you need more than three words your answer is probably incorrect.

3.

Sentence completion questions

There are two types of sentence completion questions in the reading exam. Type 1. Type 2.

With a selection of possible answers. Without a choice of possible answers.

These questions require you to complete the end of a sentence. The questions appear in the same order as the information in the text. Type 2 questions are similar to the short answer questions in that they will always tell you to write your answers in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. So you can answer with one word, two words or three words but not more. They will also tell you to use words from the reading passage. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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As with short answer questions: Also note that the answers should not require a hyphenated word (e.g. non-smoker) or a contraction (e.g. They’ve). Also, if the answer requires a number, you can write it as a numeral (e.g. 6) or a word (e.g. six) or a combination (e.g. 6 million). Look at the example below and the one on the next page. Type 1 Questions 4-6 Complete each of the following statements (Questions 1-3) with the best ending A-F from the box below. Write the appropriate letters A-F on our answer sheet. 1. Incorporating organic and inorganic matter 2. Spent mushroom compost 3. Adding potassium regularly

A. B. C. D. E. F.

makes the soil more alkaline. will help to encourage flowering and fruiting. makes roots stronger. encourages vigorous growth. will help hold moisture in the soil. will improve aeration.

Type 2 Questions 4-6 Complete the sentences below with words taken from the passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 4-6 on your answer sheet. 4. Bulbs should be stored ………. . 5. Seeds may deteriorate if exposed to ………. . 6. Summer flowering annuals should not be planted until after ……… .

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How to do sentence completion questions ·  

   

Read the instructions carefully. Quickly read through all the sentences halves. As you do this  underline the key words.  try to work out what information you need.  think about the grammatical form as well as the vocabulary that should follow immediately from the stem. Go back to the first sentence and decide what information you need to complete it. Find the place where the information should be in the text and read it carefully. Look out for synonyms and parallel expressions because the questions are not likely to use the same words as those in the text. Make sure your sentences make sense both logically and grammatically.

Remember  for type two, the answer could be one word, two words or three words but not four or more.  if you think you need more than three words your answer is probably incorrect.

4.

Notes/Table/Form/Summary/Flow Chart/Diagram Completion Questions

These questions ask for specific information. There are two types of these completion questions in the IELTS reading exam. Type 1. Type 2.

With a selection of possible answers. Without a choice of possible answers.

These questions require you to: insert a word or phrase in the middle of a sentence insert a word in the middle and another word at the end of a sentence write words or phrases that are not in sentences write a letter that represents a word or phrase For Type 1 questions the words or phrases provided will be different from the words in the text. There will be more words than gaps. Type 2 questions are similar to the short answer questions in that they will tell you to write your answers in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS. So you can answer with one word, two words or three words but no more. As with short answer questions: Also note that the answers should not require a hyphenated word (e.g. non-smoker) or a contraction (e.g. They’ve). 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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If the answer requires a number, you can write it as a numeral (e.g. 6) or a word (e.g. six) or a combination (e.g. 6 million). Type 1 Questions 1-5 Complete the table below using the words from the box.. Write the appropriate letters A-G against Questions 1-5. Health Problem High blood pressure & cholesterol Cancer of the colon Heart Disease Infections Diabetes A oats & rice B C corn & wheat D E nuts & seeds F G oils

Food (1) ……….. (2) ……….. (3) ……….. (4) ……….. (5) ……….. honey spices herbs

Type 2 Questions 6-8 Complete the notes below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the reading passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 6-8 on your answer sheet. Some foods like shellfish, meats and ….6… may cause food poisoning if they have been infected by …7… . One of the most common types of food poisoning is …8… .

How to do these completion questions  

Read the instructions carefully. Look at the table or form etc carefully:  examine any headings or subheadings.  try to get an idea of the topic.  decide what section of the passage the exercise covers.  anticipate grammatical form as well as vocabulary.  if a box of answers is given, see if you can guess any of the matches & eliminate unlikely answers. 0317-9704572

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 if the question is in the form of a table, work out which way it is best to read it – horizontally or vertically.  If the question is in the form of a summary, read through it first and see if you can guess any of the missing words. Take each gap one by one and search the text for the best word(s) to fill the gap.



Remember  if there is a box of answers, there will be at least two you don’t need.  if there is no box, the answer could be one word, two words or three words but not four or more.  if you think you need more than three words your answer is probably incorrect.  there may be alternative rubrics for these completion questions e.g. ‘complete the notice’ or ‘complete the explanation’ or ‘complete the news report’.

5.

Yes, no, not given or True, false, not given

These tasks either ask you to identify the writer’s views or claims in the text or identify information in the text. You will be given a list of statements which are either opinions or facts and you have to decide for: Type 1 if they are opinions, whether they are the opinions of the writer or not or not given in the text. Type 2 if they are facts, whether they are true, false or not given in the text. For type 1 the writers views may not be directly stated, so you may have to work out what is implied. The questions will be in the same order as the text. Look at the 2 examples on the next page. Type 1 Questions 1-3 Do the following statements reflect the situation as described by the writer in the reading passage? In boxes 1–3 on your answer sheet write YES NO NOT GIVEN

if the statement reflects the situation as described by the writer if the statement contradicts the writer if it is impossible to know what the situation is from the passage

1 Increasing the tunnel toll of the new tunnel will result in more people using the other tunnels. 2 The congestion at peak hours was worse before the new tunnel was built. 3 The cost of running a car does not deter purchasing.

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Type 2 Questions 4-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 4-6 on your answer sheet write TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN 4 5 6

if the statement is true according to the passage if the statement is false according to the passage if the information is not given in the passage

Most people spend about two hours a day traveling to and from work. The problems of road rage have doubled in the last 10 years. More road accidents happen where drivers are familiar with the roads.

How to do Yes, no, not given or True, false, not given questions

    



6.

Read the instructions carefully. Quickly read through all the statements to get an idea about the topic. Read the first statement more carefully. Underline the key words so you understand the main point. Search for the section of the text which deals with the idea or fact. Once you have found the relevant section, read it carefully. For type 1, if the statement disagrees with the writer’s opinion, then select ‘no’ and if the author doesn’t give an opinion, select ‘not given’. For type 2, if the statement is the opposite to the information in the text, then select ‘false’ and if there is no mention of it, select ‘not given’. Continue with the rest of the statements.

Classification questions

These questions ask you to classify information given in the reading text. Classifications are often according to the writer’s opinion or according to a period of time or place. You will be asked to identify a letter which represents one of the classifications for each item in a list of statements. Look at the example. Questions 1-4 Classify the following statements as referring to US the United States J Japan G Germany or 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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68 UK the United Kingdom Write the appropriate letters in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any answer more than once. 1 The biggest spenders on personal travel. 2 Had the greatest number of international travellers in 2002. 3 Take the majority of their holidays in Western Europe. 4 Employ the most people in the tourist industry.

How to do these classification questions        

7.

Read the instructions carefully. Make sure you know how many classifications there are and what letters you have to use. (E.g. US, J, G & UK in the exercise above.) Read the classifications carefully and make sure you don’t confuse the letters which represent each one. Read the statements/phrases or words beside the question numbers and underline key words. Start with the first statement and work your way through them one by one, searching the text to find where the information is mentioned. The questions will not necessarily be in the same order as the text and the wording will probably be different in the text so look out for synonyms and parallel expressions. When you’ve located the reference in the text, read it carefully and select your answer. Don’t leave any statements without a letter.

Matching

These questions require you to match a list of opinions to sources mentioned in the text. These questions are used with texts which present a number of different people’s opinions. The sources are usually numbered and the opinions are given a letter each. In the answer booklet you write the letter(s) beside the numbers. There could be more opinions than sources. If so, you will need to write more than one letter beside the question in the answer booklet. If there are more sources than opinions, then one of more or the opinions will be used more than once. Look at the example on the next page. This example has more opinions than sources.

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69 Questions 1-4 Look at the following writers (Questions 1-4) and the list of their opinions below. Match each person with their opinion. Write the appropriate letters A-F in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any of the writers’ names more than once. 1 Anna Blair 2 Dr Ian Sampson 3 Dean Frazer 4 Jane Langton

List of opinions A Life experience is essential for a writer. B Anyone who has a story can write. C Discipline and organization are just as important as creativity. D A writer has to be content to work alone. E The first novel is the easiest to write. F A good working relationship with ones’ editor is essential for a writer.

How to do Matching questions        

Read the instructions carefully. Take the names of the sources one by one and find them in the text and underline them. When you have located a name, read carefully to see what is said about his/her opinions. Look at the list of opinions and see if you can make a match. Remember that the text is not likely to use the same words as the questions, so look for synonyms and parallel expressions. Also, be aware that the sources may be referred to in more than one place in the text. The opinions in the task are not listed in the same order as they appear in the text. Phrases like ‘he said’ or ‘in his opinion’ should help you locate the arguments.

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8.

Choosing headings

There are two types of headings questions. Type 1. Choosing headings for paragraphs or sections of a text. Type 2. Choosing a heading for the whole text. Type 1 questions require you to sum up the meaning of a paragraph in order to match it to a bank of possible headings. You may be asked to match every paragraph or section of the text or just a selection of paragraphs. Type 2 questions require you to sum up the whole text. See the 2 examples on the next page. Type 1 Questions 1-3 Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs A-F. From the list of headings below choose the most suitable heading for paragraphs A, B and C from the list of headings below. Write the appropriate numbers i-vii in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet. List of Headings i A global problem ii A study into factory emissions iii The responsibility of citizens iv Legislation v The limits of federal law vi Clean air 1 2 3

Section A Section B Section C

Type 2

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71 Questions 4 From the list below choose the most suitable title for Reading Passage 2. Write the appropriate letter A-E in box 4 on your answer sheet. A B C D E

Legislation to reduce harmful emissions Problems of air pollution. Air pollution – a global problem. Clean Air Reducing harmful emissions

How to do choosing headings questions      

9.

Read the instructions carefully. Make sure you know which paragraphs or sections you have to sum up. Read the first paragraph or section and try to sum up, in your own words, what it is about. Then search through the bank of headings for the best answer. Make sure the heading you have chosen sums up the entire paragraph and not just one idea within it. If you have to sum up the entire text. Read the whole text before looking at the bank of headings. Try to think of your own heading and then look at the options.

Scanning and identifying location of information

These questions require you to scan the text to find the location of information. You will be given a set of statements and you need to find the paragraph each one comes from. Type 2 Questions 1-5 The passage has ten paragraphs labelled A-J. Which paragraphs contain the following information? Write the appropriate letters A-J in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 1 Concern that recycling is not profitable. 2 Explanation of why fees for dumping waste should be increased. 3 The best way to deal with garbage. 4 The problem of decaying organic waste. 5 Recycling of automobiles.

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How to do scanning and identifying location of information questions     

10.

Read the instructions carefully. Quickly read the statements to get an idea of what the text is about. Take the statements one by one. Underline the key words. Next search the text to find where the information is mentioned. Remember to look for synonyms and parallel expressions because it is likely that the statements express the ideas differently to the way they are expressed in the text.

Labelling a diagram which has numbered parts

You will be given a diagram and asked to label it with words from the text or labels given. Look at the example.

Questions 1 - 6 Label the booths at the exhibition. Choose your answers from the box and write them next to questions 1-6.

Entrance Booth 1 Oriental Holidays Booth 2 Booth 3 Indonesian Tourist Board Booth 4

Coffee/Tea

Booth 5 Booth 6 Postal Service

3.

1. 6.

Exit Booth 12 Holidays Asia Booth 11 Booth 10

5. 2.

4.

Booth 9 Malaysian Tourist Board Booth 8 Booth 7 Asian Art Magazine

Oriental vases Korean cabinets Indian rugs Chinese furniture Thai silk Malaysian batik Tibetan prayer rugs Balinese woodwork Oriental art 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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How to do labeling the diagram questions     

Read the instructions carefully. Study the diagram and the labels if they are given. See if you can guess any of the answers. The information will be given in the same order as the numbers on the diagram. Scan the text to find the information. If labels are not provided, make sure you use words from the text.

GENERAL TIPS – READING Before the Exam  Make sure you are familiar with the instructions for the different question types so you can quickly glance at the questions and know what to do.  Read as much as possible.  Work on your reading skills such as ‘guessing the meanings of unknown words’, ‘understanding reference words in texts’ and reading quickly.  Read newspaper articles and practise the following:        

dividing the content into facts and opinions finding the topic sentences of paragraphs writing summaries interpreting any diagrams or tables thinking of headings you could give to paragraphs underlining the pronouns and working out what they refer to underlining unknown words and seeing if you can work out what they mean reading the first paragraph and seeing if you can predict what will come next

 Work on expanding your vocabulary. Look at the either Focus on IELTS or Insight into IELTS or the glossary in 101 Hints p.172- 174 and choose 5 new words from the vocabulary sections or articles to learn each day. Write the words on cards and test yourself on the bus or the MTR, on your way to City U.  Do as many practice tests as you can to get used to the rubric and the task types.

During the Exam  

Look through the whole reading module first. Quickly look at the texts. Study any:  titles  headings  sub headings  illustrations 0317-9704572

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 diagrams  words in bold type or italics      

Read the questions carefully. Identify the question type. Make sure you do exactly what they say. Read the glossary beside the passage, if there is one. Don’t spend too long on one question. If you don’t know the answer, guess. Incorrect answers are not penalised. Make sure you copy all words taken from the texts correctly as incorrect spelling is penalised. Don’t forget your answer may be given in a diagram, graph or illustration.

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IELTS – WRITING ACADEMIC WRITING TASK-I TYPES OF CHARTS In the IELTS Academic Task 1, you must be able to identify, understand and describe various types of graphic information. This is considered an important academic skill, because it shows you can intelligently and clearly interpret and describe data presented in charts, tables, graphs and diagrams. If you have written your answer very well, even someone who cannot see the graphic should be able to understand what happened. 5 STEPS TO MASTERING ACADEMIC TASK 1 To prepare yourself to complete Task 1, follow the five steps below: 1. Learn to recognize and identify different graphic forms, such as line graphs, bar charts, pie charts, etc. 2. Know what key information, comparisons and trends to look out for. 3. Practice using the specific vocabulary required to describe those trends. 4. Learn how to follow a plan to start, complete and finish your answer. Use sample Task 1 questions, included on this website, to practice writing out a full response. At first, do not time yourself. Later, once you've got the hang of it, time yourself and make sure you finish in 20 minutes. 5. Know what NOT to include in your response. By following the steps above, you will be prepared and confident, no matter what type of question appears in Task 1 of your actual IELTS exam. Steps 1 & 2 Identify Types of Charts, Look for Trends Bar Charts A bar chart consists of rectangular bars arranged horizontally or vertically from the x or y axis.

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The length of a bar shows the values it represents. The values are listed on one axis and each bar shows what is being measured on the other axis. Bar charts are useful for comparing data. In studying a bar chart, you may want to look for the following information:  Which is the tallest bar?  Have the bars changed over time? How?

 Which is the shortest bar?  How do the bars compare to each other?

Pie Chart A pie charts is a circular chart divided into sectors or pie slices. It presents information in segments of a circle or pie, which together add up to 100%. Here's an example:

Ask yourself:  Which is the largest segment?  How do the segments compare with each other?

 Which is the smallest segment?

Line Graph A line graph plots the changes in data over time:

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Ask yourself:    

What is the highest level / point? What is the lowest level / point? Is there a point till when the trend was increasing or decreasing? When did the trend change?

Tables A table presents information in different categories, making it easy to compare. The sample table below shows the percentage of students who came to college on foot, by car, bicycle or public transportation, at Williams College in the year 2005-2006.

Method of Student Travel to College by Percentage Walking Car

12 25

Bicycle Public Transport

20 43

Look out for the following:  What is the highest figure?  What is the lowest figure?  What is second highest, etc.? Step 3

Vocabulary of Trends

To get high marks on the Academic Task 1, you must show the examiner that you know how to use a range of vocabulary to describe and interpret visual information. You must be able to use the appropriate verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs to provide precise descriptions. For a detailed list of essential vocabulary, check the section of this website on Vocabulary for Task 1. Step 4

Write your Answer According to a Plan 0317-9704572

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To be able to complete Task 1 in 20 minutes or less, write your answer according to the following plan: Write one sentence to introduce the subject and graphic. Write one or two sentences to show the relationship between the data or to comment on the main trend. Write an in-depth description of the information given. Include details from the most important to the least important, depending on time. Write one sentence to conclude your answer. Step 5

What not to Write

Only describe the data. Don not give your interpretation of it. You are not being asked why you think the data in the chart is the way it is, so do not write about that.

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The table below shows the estimated oil capacity of six countries, in millions of barrels per day, from 1990 to 2010. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Write at least 150 Words.

Model Answer: The bar chart illustrates the estimated amount of oil produced in 6 countries between 1990 and 2010, measured in millions of barrels per day. Overall, oil production capacity tended to increase during this 20-year period. The figures for Saudi Arabia were significantly higher than in the other countries, while production was lowest in Qatar. From 1990 to 2010, there was a significant increase in oil production in Saudi Arabia. In 1990, just over 8 million barrels per day were produced and this rose steadily, reaching a peak of over 14 million barrels per day in 2010. In contrast, the smallest producer was Qatar. Despite a slight increase in 2000, production in Qatar remained relatively stable at less than 1 million barrels per day. The other countries saw a slight rise in oil production over the period. The estimated figure for Iran in 1990 was over 3 million barrels per day, compared with around 2 million barrels in the other three countries. Although production did not increase in 2000 in the UAE, the amount of oil produced peaked in 2010 in Iran at over 4 million barrels and at almost 4 million barrels in Iraq, Kuwait and the UAE. (198 words)

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Note: The Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 requires you to use several vocabularies to present the data given in a pie/ bar/ line/ mixed graphs or to describe a process or a flow chart. Being able to use appropriate vocabulary, presenting main trends, comparing & contrasting data and presenting the logical flow of the graph ensures a high band score in your Academic IELTS writing task 1. This vocabulary section aims to help you learn all the vocabulary, phrases and words you need to know and use in your Academic writing task 1 to achieve a high band score. The examiner will use four criteria to score your response: task achievement, coherence and cohesion, lexical resource, grammatical range and accuracy. Since lexical resources will determine 25% of your score in Task 1, you have to enrich your vocabulary to hit a high score. To demonstrate that you have great lexical resources you need to:      

Use correct synonyms in your writing. Use a range of vocabulary. Do not repeat words and phrases from the exam question unless there is no alternative. Use less common vocabulary. Do not use the same word more than once/twice. Use precise and accurate words in a sentence.

It is advised that you learn synonyms and use them accurately in your writing in order to give an impression that you have a good range of vocabulary.

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The general format for writing academic writing task 1 is as follows: Introduction + Basic/ General Trends + Details Description + Conclusion (optional). Each part has a specific format and therefore being equipped with the necessary vocabulary will help you to write the task 1 efficiently and will save a great deal of time. Vocabulary for the introduction part: Starting The given / supplied / presented / shown / provided/ the

the the the the

Presentation Type

Verb

Description

diagram / table / figure / illustration / graph / chart / flow chart / picture/ presentation/ pie chart / bar graph/ column graph / line graph / table data/ data / information / pictorial/ process diagram/ map/ pie chart and table/ bar graph and pie chart ...

shows / represents / depicts / enumerates / illustrates / presents/ gives / provides / delineates/ outlines/ describes / delineates/ expresses/ outlines/ denotes/ compares/ shows contrast / indicates / figures / gives data on / gives information on/ presents information about/ shows data about/ demonstrates/ outlines/ summarises...

the comparison of… the differences… he changes... the number of… information on… data on… the proportion of… the amount of… information on... data about... comparative data... the trend of... the percentages of...

Example: The provided diagram shows data on employment categories in energy producing sectors in Europe starting from 1925 and till 1985.

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The given pie charts represent the proportion of male and female employee in 6 broad categories, divided into manual and non-manual occupations in Freedonia. The chart gives information on expenditures of 4 European countries on six consumer products namely Germany, Italy, Britain and France. The supplied bar graph compares the number of male and female graduated in three developing countries while the table data presents the overall literacy rate in these countries. The bar graph and the table data depict the water use in different sectors in five regions. The bar graph enumerates the money spent on different research projects while the column graph demonstrates the sources of the amount spent over a decade, commencing from 1981. The line graph delineates the proportion of male and female employees in three different sectors in Australia between 2010 and 2015. Note that, some teachers prefer "The line graph demonstrates..." format instead of "The given line graph demonstrates...". However, if you write "The given/ provided/ presented...." it would be correct as well.

Tips: 1. For a single graph use 's' after the verb, like - gives data on, shows/ presents etc. However, if there are multiple graphs, DO NOT use 's' after the verb. 2. If there are multiple graphs and each one presents a different type of data, you can write which graph presents what type of data and use 'while' to show a connection. For example -'The given bar graph shows the amount spent on fast food items in 2009 in the UK while the pie chart presents a comparison of people's ages who spent more on fast food. 3. Your introduction should be quite impressive as it makes the first impression to the examiner. It either makes or breaks your overall score. 4. For multiple graphs and/ or table(s), you can write what they present in combination instead of saying which each graph depicts. For example, "The two pie charts and the column graph in combination depicts a picture of the crime in Australia from 2005 to 2015 and the percentages of young offenders during this period." Vocabulary to show the changes: 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Trends

Verb form

Noun Form

Increase

rise / increase / go up / uplift / rocket(ed) / climb / upsurge / soar/ shot up/ improve/ jump/ leap/ move upward/ skyrocket/ soar/ surge.

a rise / an increase / an upward trend / a growth / a leap / a jump / an improvement/ a climb.

Decrease

fall / decrease / decline / plummet / plunge / drop / reduce / collapse / deterioriate/ dip / dive / go down / take a nosedive / slum / slide / go into free-fall.

a fall / a decrease / a reduction / a downward trends /a downward tendency / a decline/ a drop / a slide / a collapse / a downfall.

Steadiness

unchanged / level out / remain a steadiness/ a plateau / a constant / remain steady / stability/ a static plateau / remain the same / remain stable / remain static

Gradual increase

an upward trend / an upward tendency / a ceiling trend

-----------Gradual decrease

a downward trend downward tendency descending trend

-----------Standability/ Flat

/ /

a a

level(ed) off / remain(ed) constant / remain(ed) unchanged No change, a flat, a plateau. / remain(ed) stable / prevail(ed) consistency / plateaued / reach(ed) a plateau / stay(ed) uniform /immutable / level(ed) out/ stabilise/ remain(ed) the same.

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Examples:  The overall sale of the company has increased by 20% at the end of the year.  The expenditure of the office remained constant for the last 6 months but the profit rose by almost 25%.  There was a 15% drop in the student enrollment of the University.  The population of the country remained almost the same as it was 2 years ago.  The population of these two cities increase significantly in the last two decades and it is predicted that it will remain stable in the next 5 years.

Tips: 1.

Use 'improve' / 'an improvement' to describe a situation like economic condition or

employment status. To denote numbers use other verbs/nouns like increase. 2. Do not use the same word/ phrase over and over again. In fact, you should not use a noun or verb form to describe a trend/change more than twice; once is better! 3. To achieve a high band score you need to use a variety of vocabulary as well as sentence formations.

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Vocabulary to represent changes in graphs:

Type of Change

Adverb Form

Adjective Form

Rapid change

dramatically / rapidly / sharply / quickly / hurriedly / speedily / swiftly / significantly/ considerably / substantioally / noticably.

dramatic / rapid / sharp / quick / hurried / speedy / swift / significant / considerable / substantial / noticable.

Moderate change

moderately / gradually progressively / sequentially.

Steady change

steadily/ ceaselessly.

Slight change

slightly / slowly / mildly / slight / slow / mild / tedious. tediously.

/ moderate / gradual / progressive /sequential. steady/ ceaseless.

Example: The economic inflation of the country increased sharply by 20% in 2008. There was a sharp drop in the industrial production in the year 2009. The demand for new houses dramatically increased in 2002. The population of the country dramatically increased in the last decade. The price of the oil moderately increased in last quarter but as a consequence, the price of daily necessity rapidly went up. Vocabulary to represent frequent changes in graphs: Type of Change Rapid downs

ups

Verb form

Noun form

and wave / fluctuate / oscillate / waves / fluctuations / oscillations / vacillate / palpitate vacillations / palpitations

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Example: The price of the raw materials fluctuated for the first three months. The graph shows the oscillations of the price of fuel from 1998 to 2002. The passenger number in this station oscillates throughout the day but early morning and evening are the two busiest time. The changes of car production in Japan shows a palpitation for the second quarter of the year. The number of students in debate clubs fluctuated in different months as rapid ups and downs could be observed in the last three months.

Tips: 1. DO NOT try to present every single data presented in a graph. Rather pick 5-7 most significant and important trends/ changes and show their comparisons and contrasts. 2. The question asks you to write a report and summarise the data presented in graphs(s). This is why you need to show the comparisons, contrasts, show the highest and lowest points and most striking features in your answer, not every piece of data presented in the diagram(s). Types of Changes / Differences and Vocabulary to present them: Great change / Huge difference

Big change / Big difference

Adjectives

Adverbs

Adjectives

Adverbs

Overwhelming

Overwhelmingly

Significant

Significantly

Substantial

Substantially

Considerable

Considerably

Enormous

Enormously

Medium change / Moderate difference

Minor change / Small difference

Adjectives

Adverbs

Adjectives

Adverbs

Somewhat

Somewhat

Fractional

Fractionally

Moderate

Moderately

Marginal

Marginally

Slight

Slightly

Dates, Months & Years related vocabulary and grammar: 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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From 1990 to 2000, Commencing from 1980, Between 1995 and 2005, After 2012. By 1995, In 1998, In February, Over the period, During the period, During 2011. In the first half of the year, For the first quarter, The last quarter of the year, During the first decade. In the 80s, In the 1980s, During the next 6 months, In the mid-70s, Next 10 years, Previous year, Next year, Between 1980 - 1990. Within a time span of ten years, within five years. Next month, Next quarter, Next year, Previous month, Previous year. Since, Then, From.

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IELTS Academic Writing Task 1/ Graph Writing - Line Graph: Eating sweet foods produces acid in the mouth, which can cause tooth decay. (High acid levels are measured by low pH values) Describe the information below and discuss the implications for dental health. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Write at least 150 words.

Sample Answer: The provided line graph shows the acid level of our mouth which is created by the consumption of fruit sugar, cane sugar & honey and compares their effects on our tooth decay. When the pH level in the mouth is above 5.5, acidity remains at such a level that teeth are unlikely to be in danger from decay. Sweet foods, however, cause pH in the mouth to drop for a time, and the longer the pH levels remain below 5.5, the greater the possibility for decay to occur. The illustration compares the fruit sugar, cane sugar and honey, which are the most common ingredients of sweet foods, causes the pH level to drop below the danger level after 5 minutes. Among these 3 sweet items, cane sugar decreases the pH level most quickly and causes to remain the level under the danger level for the longest period (over 30 minutes) and thus produce the greatest risk among the three. After consuming the cane sugar, the pH level drops to level 3.5 and remains there for over half an hour. On the other hand, fruit sugar causes the acidity level of mouth to fall under pH level 4 in 5 minutes and remains under threat level for 20 minutes. Finally, the honey appears to be less risky among the three causes the pH level to drop to 4.7 in 5 minutes and proceed to above pH 5.5 level within 15 minutes of consumption. In conclusion, all of the sweet items possess the possibility of causing tooth decay and honey and fruit sugar are likely to cause less decay than the cane sugar does. (Approximately 271 words)

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IELTS GENERAL WRITING TASK-I LETTER WRITING In Task 1 of the IELTS General Writing section, you must write a letter about a given situation. This letter will be one of the following types: Style

Characteristics

Opening

Ending

Formal

To someone you have not met, whose name you don't know

Dear Sir / Madam

Yours faithfully

Semi-formal

To someone you may or may not have met, whose last name you know & use

Dear Mr Brown, Dear Ms Stone

Yours sincerely

Informal

To someone you know well, whose first name you know and use

Dear John Dear Anita

Best regards Warm wishes

Each kind of letter requires a different style of writing, a specific beginning and ending salutation, formal or informal expressions and varying types of grammatical forms. As you read through the sample IELTS letters below, take note of how they vary depending on the level of familiarity with the person being written to. Practice writing your own letters from sample letter topics, until you can produce all three kinds of letters easily and quickly. Then, you will be able to complete this task effectively and easily on the day of your IELTS exam. Also, every General IELTS Writing Task 1 includes three bulleted points which you need to mention in your letter. Make sure you include these three points or else you will not get high marks, no matter how well you write. IELTS Letter Topics – Formal/ Semi-Formal/ Informal S.No 1.

Formal Asking for Information

Semi-Formal Arranging Accommodation

2.

Applying for a Job

Asking for Permission

3.

Making Suggestions

Complaining to a Landlord

4.

Applying for a Job

Making a Suggestion

5.

Complaining to a Bank

Informal

Inviting a friend Advising a friend about a holiday Apologizing to a friend

Thanking a friend for a holiday Booking Accommodation Advising a friend about 0317-9704572

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6.

Informing an Airline

Applying for a Job Making 8. Recommendations 9. Applying for a Job Complaining about a 10. Product 7.

Explaining to a Neighbour Asking for permission

work Forgetting something at a friend's Reminding a Friend

Making a Suggestion

Congratulating a Friend

Asking for Permission

Requesting Help Admitting a Mistake

IELTS General Training Writing Task 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. You live in a room in college which you share with another student. However, there are many problems with this arrangement and you find it very difficult to work. Write a letter to the accommodation officer at the college. In the letter • describe the situation • explain your problems and why it is difficult to work • say what kind of accommodation you would prefer. Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any addresses. Begin your letter as follows: Dear Sir or Madam,

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

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MIND MAP FOR LETTER WRITING. 1. The job title of the receiver of the letter 3. The receiver’s address 5. The topic of the letter 7. A request for action of the main part of the letter 9. The letter closing

2. 6. 8.

The date 4. The greeting phrase The reason for writing A polite sentence signalling the end

10.

Signature of sender

You live in a room in college which you share with another student. However, there are many problems with this arrangement and you find it very difficult to work. Write a letter to the accommodation officer at the college. The Accommodation Officer (1) Barnwell College (2) Long Road Eaton 9 November 2009 (3) Dear Sir or Madam (4) Request to change room (5) I am writing to ask if I could please be given another room in college. (6) At present I share a room with another student who, unfortunately, is very noisy. This makes it very difficult for me to study. I have asked this student on many occasions to let me work quietly but there has been no change. He plays his radio or watches TV constantly and often invites friends round for parties which last till late in the night. I have tried working in the library but it is not open at all the times I need. I am very worried about this situation, as I have to finish my final year project this term and have my final exams coming up at the end of the year. I would be most grateful if you could please give me a room by myself or a room sharing with a student who is quiet. (7) I look forward to hearing from you and thank you in advance for your help. (8) Yours faithfully (9) Jan Hutt (10) (190 words)

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

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92

FORMAL LETTER-I You recently stayed in a Hotel Inn a large city. The weather was very unusual for the time of year and the heating / cooling system in the hotel was quite inadequate. Write a letter to the manager of the hotel. In your letter:   

give details of what went wrong explain what you had to do to overcome the problem at the time say what action you would like the manager to take

You should write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write your own address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________ It is a formal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is official, business-like and serious the use of Dear Sir / Madam the absence of contractions the use of formal expressions (I am writing in connection with...) the closing salutation ( "Yours faithfully" instead of the more informal "Yours sincerely" or "Best regards") Dear Sir / Madam I am writing in connection with my recent stay at the Four Seasons in London, England. Unfortunately, due to a malfunctioning heater in my room, I spent three miserable nights at your hotel from April 26 to 29, 2010. When I arrived in London, there was an unexpected snowstorm. I understand it does not usually snow in April; however, when I got to my room, there was no heat. After complaining, a technician was sent up, who informed me they had to install a new heating unit. When I asked to be moved to another room, I was told the hotel was completely booked. Unfortunately, each night after work I returned to discover the problem had not been rectified. Eventually, I spent three horribly uncomfortable nights, wearing my coat to bed, wearing socks around the room and ending up with a bad cold from the unheated room. I had no time to complain as I had to catch a flight home right after my conference. I am shocked by this terrible service. This is not what anyone expects for $400 a night! To compensate me for this tremendous inconvenience, I ask that you refund my money right away and offer me a free, more comfortable stay in one of your finer suites in the future. If not, I am prepared to take my complaint to a higher authority. I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest, Yours faithfully, Mr John McFee

(236 words) FORMAL LETTER-II 0317-9704572

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

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93

You have received a letter from your bank, asking you to acknowledge receipt of a new bank card. However, the card was missing from the envelope. Write a letter to the bank's head office. In your letter: explain why you are writing express concern about the missing card ask them what they intend to do Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________ It is a formal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is formal and business-like and serious the use of Dear Sir / Madam the absence of contractions the use of formal expressions ("Thank you kindly in advance.") the closing salutation ( "Yours faithfully", etc.) Dear Sir / Madam I am writing in connection with a missing or stolen debit card from your bank. This is an urgent matter as the bank card could prove dangerous in the hands of the wrong person. Just yesterday, I received a letter from your bank's head office. It stated that my new bank card was enclosed and asked me to acknowledge receipt. However, when the envelope arrived in my mailbox, it was in a tattered state. More importantly, the debit card which was supposed to be included, was missing. I checked and rechecked around the mailbox, but found nothing. I am concerned that someone has gone through my mail and possibly stolen the card. For this reason I request that you cancel the existing debit card immediately. The debit card in question is related to my account number 64729401 at your Bay and Bloor branch. After it has been cancelled, please arrange to send me a new one, as I need to travel overseas next week and will need to carry the new bank card with me. Thank you kindly in advance, Yours faithfully, Ms Brenda Holster

(172 words) FORMAL LETTER-III 0317-9704572

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You eat at your college cafeteria at lunch time every day.. However, you think it needs some improvements. Write a letter to the college magazine. In your letter: explain what you like about the cafeteria, say what is wrong with it, suggest how it could be improved Write at least 150 words. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________ It is a formal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is straightforward and direct the use of Dear Sir / Madam the absence of contractions the use of formal expressions ("I am writing in connection with...") the closing salutation ( "Yours faithfully", etc.) Dear Sir / Madam I am writing in connection with our college cafeteria. Since almost every student spends some time here every day, I believe it is in everyone's best interest to find ways to improve the quality of this central eatery. The cafeteria itself is modern, spacious and attractive. The newly painted murals of the seaside give the seating area an open, airy, outdoor feeling which makes it very pleasant to eat meals there. This is further enhanced by the large green plants and flowing water fountains. The main problem with the cafeteria is in the food served! First of all, there is a very limited selection available. Each day offers up only standard North American fare of hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken nuggets and french fries. Not only is this selection unhealthy, but also uninteresting day in and day out. We have so many international students on campus, it would be wonderful to have some curries, burritos and falafel added to the menu. Secondly, since this is a student cafeteria, prices need to stay low. We have unfortunately seen two price hikes in the last two years. I am sure if we offer a wider range of foods, at better prices, the cafeteria will continue to run profitably as more students choose to eat there. Yours faithfully, Daniel Bernard

(220 words)

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

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95

SEMI-FORMAL LETTER-I You are applying for a job and need a letter of reference from someone who knew you when you were at school. Write a letter to one of your old teachers asking for a reference. In your letter: say what job you have applied for, explain why you want this job, suggest what information the teacher should include Write at least 150 words. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________ It is a semi-formal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is a mix of politeness and warmth the use of the last names (Dear Mrs Sweeney) the absence of contractions the use of formal expressions (I would appreciate it if...) the closing salutation (Yours sincerely) Dear Mrs Sweeney How are you? I hope everything is fine at the school and that you have been well. I still remember the dynamic way in which you taught grammar to me and all of the teacher trainees in your English class. Thanks again for those important lessons. I am writing in connection with a letter of reference that I need for a job that I have applied for recently. As I am due to graduate next month, I have applied for a position as an ESL teacher at a private language school in Tokyo, Japan. You might remember my telling you how very much I looked forward to teaching and traveling around the world. Now I have the chance. I am confident that I can make a difference in the lives of students who need to learn English. In the letter of reference, I would appreciate it if you could include information related to my trustworthiness, my enthusiasm and my cross-cultural awareness while in teacher training college. As the job is in Japan, they do not have the chance to interview me and will base their decision largely on my letters of reference. I would need to have the letter in two weeks, by July 1st. Thank you kindly in advance, Yours sincerely, Grace Smith

(217 words) 0317-9704572

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

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96

SEMI-FORMAL LETTER-II You are going on a short training course at a college in Sydney, Australia. You need somewhere to live while you are there. Write a letter to the accommodation officer at the college. In your letter: explain your situation, describe the accommodation you require, say when you will need it Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________ It is a semi-formal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is a mix of formality plus warmth the use of the last names (Dear Ms Walker) the absence of contractions the use of formal expressions (I would appreciate it if...) the closing salutation (Yours sincerely) Dear Mrs Walker I am writing in connection with my upcoming training course at your college in Sydney, Australia. I will be there to attend the Brain- Based Learning program at Victoria College for a period of three weeks from July 2st to July 22st, 2010. I am hoping that you will be able to assist me with my accommodation arrangements. As I am slightly older than most of the other participants, I would appreciate it if you could find a private studio apartment for me, close to the college. It would be ideal if I could walk to school each day, but if not, I would need access to public transportation. I understand some of the events on campus finish quite late so I would prefer not to walk in an unfamiliar neighbourhood after dark. In terms of the apartment, all I require is a bed, a desk, a TV, an Internet connection, a kitchen and a bathroom. My budget is around US $1000 for 3 weeks. As I will be arriving on July 1st, I would need the apartment to be available from that night until the day of my departure, which is July 23rd. My last night in the apartment would be July 22nd. Please let me know if you are able to find such an apartment and if not, please suggest other suitable arrangements. I look forward to hearing from you, Yours sincerely, Jane Goodwin

(236 words) 0317-9704572

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

97

SEMI-FORMAL LETTER-III You have been living in a rental apartment for the past year. Recently a new neighbour moved in and has been making a lot of noise, which disturbs you. Write a letter to the landlord. In your letter: explain the situation, describe why it bothers you, suggest a solution Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________ It is a semi-formal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is a mix of formality plus warmth the use of the last names (Dear Mr Shah) the absence of contractions the use of formal expressions (I would appreciate it if...) the closing salutation (Yours sincerely) Dear Mr Shah I hope you and your family are all well. I am writing in connection with a problem I have with the new tenant, Jack, who has moved in downstairs. Unfortunately, his habits and needs appear to be quite different from my own. The issue is that Jack is a professional musician who plays his electric guitar late into the night. I understand he is in a band and needs to practice; however, I think he cannot do so in a residential building such as ours. As I mentioned to you when I signed the lease to the apartment, I am a full-time writer who works from home. For me, it is essential to have silence so I can concentrate on my work. With Jack playing at all hours, I have been unable to get any of my writing done, except when he is out. In some cases, I have even been forced to leave the apartment and work at a nearby coffee shop or library as the guitar playing was causing such a disturbance. I would appreciate it if you could speak to Jack and ask him to turn down the volume on his guitar or else to use headphones. I have spoken to him about it, but to no avail. I will let you know as soon as the situation improves. Thank you kindly in advance and please give my best regards to your family, Yours sincerely, Meg Snyder

(234 words) 0317-9704572

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

98

INFORMAL LETTER-I Last month you had a holiday overseas where you stayed with some friends. They have just sent you some photos of your holiday. Write a letter to your friends. In your letter: thank them for the photos and for the holiday, explain why you didn't write earlier invite them to come and stay with you Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________ It is an informal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is warm, easy-going and conversational the use of first names (Ajay, Sunita, Carol) the use of contractions (I've, don't, can't) the use of informal expressions ("Thanks", instead of "Thank you") the closing salutation ( "Warm wishes", instead of the more formal "Yours sincerely" or "Yours faithfully") Dear Ajay and Sunita, Thanks so much for your kind letter and the lovely photos of my holiday in Mumbai. Sorry for the delay in acknowledging your mail, but your package arrived just as I was about to leave town on a business trip. I've just returned to Toronto today. Looking at the photos brings back so many happy memories of the times we spent together and the wonderful hospitality you extended to me. I felt completely pampered by both of you! You surrounded me with warm friends, good food, amazing sights, great shopping, unforgettable cultural events and laughter-filled evenings. I would have been lost without you. I can't thank you enough. These good memories gave me an idea. I know you've always wanted to visit Canada. Why don't you plan a holiday and stay with me this summer? The weather is great at that time of year, all tourist sites are open and I could take two weeks off from work. Aside from seeing Toronto, we could drive to Niagara Falls, Thousand Islands, Montreal, Ottawa and Quebec City. I would be thrilled if you could make it. Thank you both again for the beautiful holiday and the photos which are already up on my wall. Now, I'm looking forward to hearing from you. Warm wishes, Carol

(216 words) 0317-9704572

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

99

INFORMAL LETTER-II You have recently started work in a new company. Write a letter to an English-speaking friend. In your letter, explain why you changed jobs describe your new job tell him / her your other news Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________, It is an informal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is warm, friendly and conversational the use of first names (Eva, Brenda) the use of contractions (you've, wasn't) the use of informal expressions ("Sorry, but...", "how about you?") the closing salutation ( "Warm wishes", instead of the more formal "Yours sincerely" or "Yours faithfully") Dear Eva, How are you? I hope you've been well. Sorry for having been out of touch for a short while. There have been some changes in my life and I wanted to let you know the latest from my side. The big news is that I have finally changed my job! Do you remember when you were here on holiday, I always talked about how I hated my boring bank job? Well, it was clear I needed a change. So, finally, I took a part-time TESL course and trained to be an ESL teacher. Now I'm working full-time in a private language school. I teach General English, Business English and IELTS. Each day, I look forward to going to work. My students come from all over the world and I love teaching them as well as learning from them. Aside from that, I also moved to a new apartment near the school where I work. It's small, but downtown, so I am right in the heart of the city, instead of way out in the suburbs. Suddenly, there's so many fun things to do, in the evenings too. I am a much happier person today because of these recent changes. So, how about you? I hope you'll have a chance to visit Canada again soon. In the meantime, please write and let me know what's new with you. Warm wishes Kim

(226 words) 0317-9704572

CPE-LINGO

th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

100

INFORMAL LETTER-III An English-speaking friend wants to spend a two-week holiday in your region and has written asking for information and advice. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter, offer to find somewhere to stay, give advice about what to do, give information about what clothes to bring Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear __________, It is an informal letter, which can be identified in several ways: the tone, which is very warm, personal and friendly the use of first names ( Julie, Irene) the use of contractions (I'm, you're, can't) the use of informal expressions (Thanks, Write soon) the closing salutation ( Warm wishes, instead of the more formal "Yours sincerely" or "Yours faithfully") Dear Julie Thanks so much for your latest letter. I'm really excited to hear that you're planning to visit Toronto. It will give me a chance to take you around, as you did so kindly for me when I was in Amsterdam last year. Regarding your visit, I would be happy to help in any way possible. First, unless you really like freezing weather, I suggest you come in the summer months of July or August. Though most hotels are expensive at that time, we have some wonderful guest suites available in our high-rise building, for only about $50 per night. They are fully furnished studio apartments, with a kitchen, so you can have the option of eating in. Just let me know your dates and I can make a reservation for you. Summer is also the time when all the tourist sites are open. We can visit Centre Island, Canada's Wonderland, Niagara Falls, the CN Tower, the Royal Ontario Museum, the Science Centre and Thousand Islands. The weather should be warm and comfortable, around 25 to 30 degrees Celsius, so bring your informal summer clothes, a swimsuit and an umbrella too. We do get summer showers quite often. I can't wait for you to come! Write soon with more details, Warm wishes Irene

(207 words)

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

101

The following words and phrases will help you describe trends in IELTS (A) writing task-I : To rise to increase to surge to grow to peak to skyrocket

A rise an increase a surge a growth a peak a fluctuation a variation

Nouns

to fluctuate to vary

Verbs

a period of stability a plateau a fall a decrease a decline a dip

Adjectives

Phrases

Sharp Sudden Rapid Abrupt Dramatic Steep Significant steady considerable marked slight gentle gradual to show an upward trend to show a downward trend to hit the highest point to hit the lowest point to reach a peak to show some fluctuation to fluctuate wildly to remain stable to remain static to remain unchanged

to fall o decrease to decline to dip to dive to plunge Sharply Suddenly Rapidly Abruptly Dramatically Significantly Steadily Considerably Markedly Slightly Gently Gradually wildly to stay constant to reach a plateau to level off to flatten out the highest the lowest the second highest the third highest compared to compared with relative to

Adverbs

Phrases

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SAMPLE SENTENCES There was a substantial increase in the value of stocks on March 15th. House prices rose dramatically in July. The number of tourists visiting New York fell sharply in October. The percentage of students walking to school continued to rise gradually over the ten year period from 2000-2010. There was a sharp increase in employee turnover after the strike. Interest in environmental issues has risen steadily over the last 10 years.

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REPORT WRITING General Statement Part: The General statement is the first sentence (or two) you write in your reporting. It should always deal with: What + Where + When. Example: The diagrams present information on the percentages of teachers who has expressed their views on different problems they face when dealing with children in three Australian schools from 2001 to 2005. What = the percentages of teachers... Where = three Australian schools.... When = from 2001 to 2005... A good General statement should always have these parts. Vocabulary for the General Trend Part: In general, In common, Generally speaking, Overall, It is obvious, As is observed, As a general trend, As can be seen, As an overall trend, As is presented, It can be clearly seen that, At the first glance, it is clear, At the onset, it is clear that, A glance at the graphs reveals that... Example: In general, the employment opportunity has increased till 1970 and has dropped down afterwards. As is observed, the figures for imprisonment in the five mentioned countries show no overall pattern of increase or decrease rather shows the considerable fluctuation from country to country. Generally speaking, USA had a far more standard life than all the other 4 mentioned countries. As can be seen, the highest number of passengers used the London Underground station at 8:00 in the morning and at 6:00 in the evening. Generally speaking, more men were engaged in managerial positions in 1987 than that of women in New York. As an overall trend, the number of crimes reported increased fairly rapidly until the mid-seventies, remained constant for five years and finally, dropped to 20 cases a week after 1982. At the first glance, it is clear that more percentages of native university pupils violated regulations and rules than the foreign students. At the onset, it is clear that drinking in public and drink driving were the most common reasons for the US citizens to be arrested in 2014. Overall, the leisure hours enjoyed by males regardless of their employment status was much higher than that of women.

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The structure of the IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 (Report Writing): Introduction: Introduction (Never copy word for word from the question.) + Overview/ General trend. (What the diagrams indicate at a first glance.) Reporting Details: Main features in the Details + Comparison and Contrast of the data. (Do not give all the figures.) + Most striking features of the graph. Conclusion: Conclusion (General statement + Implications, significant comments) [Conclusion is optional.]

Introduction + Overview / General Trend Main features in the Details / Comparison and contrast of the diagrams + data Conclusion (optional) Tips: 1. Write introduction and General trend in the same paragraph. Some students prefer to write the 'General Trend' in a separate paragraph and many teachers suggest the both to be written in a single paragraph. Unless you have a really good reason to write the general trend in the second paragraph, try to write them both in the first paragraph. However, this is just a suggestion, not a requirement. 2.

Your 'Introduction (general statement + overall trend/ general trend) should have 75 - 80 words.

3. DO NOT give numbers, percentages or quantity in your general trend. Rather give the most striking feature of the graph that could be easily understood at a glance. Thus it is suggested to AVOID "A glance at the graphs reveals that 70% male were employed in 2001 while 40 thousand women in this year had jobs." And use a format /comparison like the following: "A glance at the graphs reveals that more men were employed than their female counterpart in 2001 and almost two-third females were jobless in the same year. " 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Vocabulary to start the Report Body: Just after you finish writing your 'Introduction' (i.e. General Statement + General overview/ trend), you are expected to start a new paragraph to describe the main features of the diagrams. This second paragraph is called the 'Body Paragraph / Report Body". You can have a single body paragraph/ report body or up to 3, (not more than 3 in any case) depending on the number of graphs provided in the question and the type of these graphs. There are certain phrases you can use to start your body paragraph and following is a list of such phrases --1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

As (is) shown in the illustration... We can see that... As can be seen in the... As the diagrams suggest... According to the... Categorically speaking... Getting back to the details... Now, turning to the details.... The table data clearly shows that... The diagram reveals that... The data suggest that... The graph gives figure...

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

It is interesting to note that... It is apparently seen that... It is conspicuous that... It is explicitly observed that... It is obvious... It is clear from the data... It is worth noticing that... It is crystal clear/ lucid that... It can be clearly observed that... It could be plainly viewed that... It could be noticed that...

24.

As is presented in the diagram(s)/ graph(s)/ pie chart(s)/ table...

Caution: Never copy word for word from the question. If you do, you would be penalised. Always paraphrase the introduction in your own words.

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IELTS WRITING TASK-II ESSAY STRUCTURES Knowing how to structure your IELTS Writing Task 2 essay is an essential skill that can make the difference between the getting and not getting the band score you deserve. With that in mind, we have outlined the most common IELTS Writing Task 2 structures below. Nearly all of my Task 2 essay follow this basic structure: Introduction Supporting Paragraph 1 Supporting Paragraph 2 Conclusion The sentences you put in each paragraph will depend on what type of question you get. The five most common IELTS Writing Task 2 questions are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Opinion (Agree or Disagree) Advantages and Disadvantages Problem and Solution Discussion (Discuss both view) Two-part Question

Below I will outline examples and a structure approved by experienced IELTS teachers and examiners for each type of question. This will help you write a clear, coherent answer and hopefully boost your IELTS band score. I also include an example answer for each type of question so you can see what the structure looks like in a real essay.

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1.

Opinion Questions (Agree or Disagree)

Typical Question Words– What is your opinion? Do you agree or disagree? To what extent do you agree or disagree? Direct question. Question Statement Some people believe that unpaid community service should be a compulsory part of high school programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do you agree or disagree? Structure

Introduction Sentence 1

Paraphrase Question

Sentence 2

Thesis Statement (It is agreed…/It is disagreed…/This essay agrees/disagrees…)

Sentence 3

Outline Sentence (This essay will discuss….)

Main Body Paragraph 1 Sentence 1

Topic Sentence

Sentence 2

Explain Topic Sentence

Sentence 3

Example

Main Body Paragraph 2 Sentence 1

Topic Sentence

Sentence 2

Explain Topic Sentence

Sentence 3

Example

Conclusion Sentence 1-

Summary and opinion

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Sample Answer It is argued that volunteering should be made part of the school curriculum. This essay agrees with that suggestion completely because of the benefits it brings to pupils. The essay will first look at how voluntary work can help students develop soft skills and then discuss how these extracurricular activities are valued by universities and employers. Education should not be limited to strictly academic pursuits and those in education should also develop life skills, such as teamwork, empathy and self-discipline, and one of the best ways to hone these aptitudes is through community service. Serving those less fortunate than ourselves teaches us many lessons including how to work with people from other backgrounds and the value of hard work. For example, I personally volunteered to spend 6 weeks in Africa teaching disadvantaged children and this led to a much higher work ethic when I returned to my studies. Many colleges and companies are also increasingly looking for this type of experience. Most school leavers have the same grades and charitable works can help set you apart from the herd. For example, Cambridge and Oxford receive thousands of applications from straight-A students every year and can only accept a small percentage of applicants. What you have done outside the classroom is often the thing that differentiates you from everyone else and gets you that coveted spot. In conclusion, teenagers should be made to partake in unpaid work as part of their schooling because it will help them learn things they wouldn’t ordinarily learn from their teachers and it will also boost their chances of getting into third level education. 2.

Advantages and Disadvantages Questions

Typical Question Words Discuss the advantages and disadvantages. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your own opinion. Question Statement Computers are being used more and more in education. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your own opinion. Structure Introduction Sentence 1

Paraphrase Question

Sentence 2

Thesis Statement (It is agreed…/It is disagreed…/This essay agrees/disagrees…)

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Sentence 3

Outline Sentence (This essay will discuss….)

Main Body Paragraph 1 Sentence 1

State One Advantage

Sentence 2

Expand/Explain Advantage

Sentence 3

Example

Sentence 4

Result

Main Body Paragraph 2 Sentence 1

State One Disadvantage

Sentence 2

Expand/Explain Disadvantage

Sentence 3

Example

Sentence 4

Result

Conclusion Sentence 1-

Summary

Sentence 2

Opinion

Sample Answer It is argued that technology is playing an every increasing role in schools and universities. This essay will firstly, discuss student freedom as one of the main advantages of this and secondly, outline decreasing levels of face to face contact as one of the main disadvantages. One of the principle advantages of an increase in the use electronic devices in education is the autonomy it provides students. Students have the freedom to focus on whatever topic or subject they want and study it in depth through the internet. A prime example of this is the amount of online university courses available to students, covering a myriad of subjects, that up until recently were unavailable to most learners. This has resulted in more people studying third level degrees than ever before, at a pace and schedule that suits them. The main disadvantage associated with increasing use of technology in education is the decrease in face to face interaction between students. Students spend more time looking at computer screens by themselves than interacting with each other. For instance, the recent explosion in smartphone use has been at the expense of genuine human interaction. This results in soft skills, such as verbal communication and empathy, being affected. In conclusion, the benefits technology brings to education, such as student autonomy, must be weighed against the drawbacks, such as negative effects on human interaction. Overall, the educational benefits 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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outweigh the disadvantages because human beings will always want human contact and most people will not solely use IT for education. 3.

Discuss Both Views Question (Discussion Essay)

Typical Question Words Discuss both points of view and give your opinion. Question Statement Computers are being used more and more in education. Some people say that this is a positive trend, while others argue that it is leading to negative consequences. Discuss both sides of this argument and then give your own opinion. Structure Introduction Sentence 1

Paraphrase Question and/or state both viewpoints.

Sentence 2

Thesis Statement (It is agreed…/It is disagreed…/This essay agrees/disagrees…)

Sentence 3

Outline Sentence (This essay will discuss….)

Main Body Paragraph 1 Sentence 1

State first viewpoint

Sentence 2

Discuss first viewpoint

Sentence 3

Reason why you agree or disagree with viewpoint

Sentence 4

Example to support your view

Main Body Paragraph 2 Sentence 1

State second viewpoint

Sentence 2

Discuss second viewpoint

Sentence 3

Reason why you agree or disagree with viewpoint

Sentence 4

Example to support your view

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Conclusion Sentence 1-

Summary

Sentence 2

State which one is better or more important

Sample Answer There is an ever increasing use of technology, such as tablets and laptops, in the classroom. It is often argued that this is a positive development, whilst others disagree and think it will lead to adverse ramifications. This essay agrees that an increase in technology is beneficial to students and teachers. This essay will discuss both points of view. It is clear that the Internet has provided students with access to more information than ever before. Moreover, learners have the ability to research and learn about any subject at the touch of a button. It is therefore agreed that technology is a very worthwhile tool for education. Wikipedia is a prime example, where students can simply type in any keyword and gain access to in-depth knowledge quickly and easily. However, many disagree and feel that technology deprives people of real human interaction. Human interaction teaches people valuable skills such as discourse, debate and empathy. Despite this, human interaction is still possible through the internet and this essay disagrees technology should be dismissed for this reason. For instance, Skype and Facebook make it possible for people to interact in ways that were never before possible. While the benefits of technology, particularly the internet, allow students to tap into limitless sources of information, some still feel that people should be wary of this new phenomena and not allow it to curb face to face interaction. However, as long as we are careful to keep in mind the importance of human interaction in education, the educational benefits are clearly positive. 4.

Problem and Solution Questions

Typical Question Words Problem and solution. Cause and solution. Question Statement Students are becoming more and more reliant on computers. What are some of the problems associated with reliance on computers, and what are some of the possible solutions? Structure 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Introduction Sentence 1

Paraphrase Question

Sentence 2

Outline Sentence

Main Body Paragraph 1 Sentence 1

State Problem

Sentence 2

Explain problem

Sentence 3

Result

Sentence 4

Example to support your view

Main Body Paragraph 2 Sentence 1

State Solution

Sentence 2

Explain solution

Sentence 3

Example to support your view

Conclusion Sentence 1-

Summary

Sentence 2

Recommendation or Prediction

Sample Answer Learners are becoming ever more dependent on technology, such as the Internet and mobile devices. This essay will discuss one of the main problems associated with dependence on computers and suggest a viable solution. The principal problem with over-reliance on technology, such as tablets and computers, is plagiarism. Students often use search engines to answer a question and simply copy the text from a website, rather than thinking about the question. This practice is not only prohibited in schools and universities but also stunts a student’s intellectual development. For example, many teachers complain that students copy web pages straight from Wikipedia word for word rather than giving a reasoned answer to their questions. A solution to this worrying problem is asking students to email their answers to teachers and teachers using anti-plagiarism software to detect copying. Moreover, students would be made aware of this practice and this would inspire them to answer questions using their own words, rather than someone else’s. For instance, many universities already use this kind software to scan course work for plagiarism and it could be extended to include all homework, by learners in both secondary and tertiary education. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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In summary, one of the main problems with over-use of technology in education is plagiarism and this can be solved through the use of plagiarism detection software. It is predicted that more and more students’ will email their work to their teacher and this work will be scrutinised for plagiarism. 5.

Two-Part Questions

Typical Question Words There will normally be a statement and they will then ask you to answer to separate questions. Question Statement As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers? Structure Introduction Sentence 1

Paraphrase Question

Sentence 2

Outline Sentence (mention both questions)

Main Body Paragraph 1 Sentence 1

Answer first question directly

Sentence 2

Explain why

Sentence 3

Further explain

Sentence 4

Example

Main Body Paragraph 2 Sentence 1

Answer second question directly

Sentence 2

Explain why

Sentence 3

Further explain

Sentence 4

Example

Conclusion Sentence 1

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Sample Answer As the majority of adults spend most of their time at work, being content with your career is a crucial part of a person’s health and happiness. This essay will first discuss which elements lead to job satisfaction and it will then address the question of how likely it is that everyone can be happy with their job. The two most important things that lead to someone being satisfied at work are being treated with respect by managers and being compensated fairly. If those more senior than you respect you as a person and the job you are doing then you feel like you are valued. A fair salary and benefits are also important considerations because if you feel you are being underpaid you will either resent your bosses or look for another job. There two factors came top of a recent job satisfaction survey conducted by Monster.com, that found that 72% of people were pleased with their current role if their superiors regularly told them they were appreciated. With regards to the question of happiness for all workers, I think this is and always will be highly unlikely. The vast majority of people fail to reach their goals and end up working in a post they don’t really care about in return for a salary. This money is just enough to pay their living expenses which often means they are trapped in a cycle of disenchantment. For example, The Times recently reported that 89% of office workers would leave their jobs if they did not need the money. In conclusion, being satisfied with your trade or profession is an important part of one’s well-being and respect from one’s colleagues and fair pay can improve your level of happiness, however, job satisfaction of all workers is an unrealistic prospect.

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Can I get a band 8 or 9 following these structures? Nobody can give you a structure that guarantees you a high score. You score is dependent on how good your grammar and vocabulary is and how well you answer the question. A good structure will help you answer the question to some extent and boost your score for coherence and cohesion, but you must use relevant ideas and use these ideas well to answer the question 6. In some countries an increasing number of people are suffering from health problems as a result of eating too much fast food. It is therefore necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kind of food. To what extent do you agree or disagree? It is argued that governments should levy a tariff on junk food because the number of health risks associated with consuming this kind of food is on the rise. This essay agrees that a higher rate of tax should be paid by fast food companies. Firstly, this essay will discuss the fact that alcohol and tobacco companies already pay higher taxes and secondly, discuss how higher taxes would raise prices and lower consumption. Higher excise on liqueur and cigarettes has proven to be successful at curbing the harm caused by these substances. This revenue has been used to treat health problems associated with these products and has proven useful in advertising campaigns warning people about the dangers of alcohol and tobacco abuse. Tax from fast food could be used in the same way. The United Kingdom is a prime example, where money from smokers is used to treat lung cancer and heart disease. Increasing taxes would raise prices and lower consumption. Fast food companies would pass on these taxes to consumers in the form of higher prices and this would lead to people not being able to afford junk food because it is too expensive. Junk food would soon become a luxury item and it would only be consumed occasionally, which would be less harmful to the general publics health. For instance, the cost of organic food has proven prohibitively expensive for most people and that is why only a small percentage of the population buy it regularly. In conclusion, junk food should be taxed at a higher rate because of the good precedent set by alcohol and tobacco and the fact that the increased cost should reduce the amount of fast food people buy. 7. Computers are being used more and more in education. Some people say that this is a positive trend, while others argue that it is leading to negative consequences. Discuss both sides of this argument and then give your own opinion.

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There is an ever increasing use of technology, such as tablets and laptops, in the classroom. It is often argued that this is a positive development, whilst others disagree and think it will lead to adverse ramifications. This essay agrees that an increase in technology is beneficial to students and teachers. This essay will discuss both points of view. It is clear that the internet has provided students with access to more information than ever before. Moreover, learners have the ability to research and learn about any subject at the touch of a button. It is therefore agreed that technology is a very worthwhile tool for education. Wikipedia is a prime example, where students can simply type in any keyword and gain access to in-depth knowledge quickly and easily. However, many disagree and feel that technology deprives people of real human interaction. Human interaction teaches people valuable skills such as discourse, debate and empathy. Despite this, human interaction is still possible through the internet and this essay disagrees technology should be dismissed for this reason. For instance, Skype and Facebook make it possible for people to interact in ways that were never before possible. In conclusion, while the benefits of technology, particularly the internet, allow students to tap in to limitless sources of information, some still feel that people should be wary of this new phenomenon and not allow it to curb face to face interaction. However, as long as we are careful to keep in mind the importance of human interaction in education, the educational benefits are clearly positive. 8. Global warming is one of the biggest threats humans face in the 21st Century and sea levels are continuing to rise at alarming rates. What problems are associated with this and what are some possible solutions. Climate change is among the principal dangers facing people this century and ocean levels are increasing dramatically. This essay will first suggest that the biggest problem caused by this phenomenon is the flooding of homes and then submit building flood protection as the most viable solution. The foremost problem caused by sea levels creeping up is the ooding of peoples residences. Millions of people all over the world live in coastal areas and if the sea rises by even a few feet, they will be inundated with water and lose their property. Shelter is one of the most basic of human needs and widespread flooding would cause millions of people to become homeless, not to mention losing all of their possessions. The devastation brought about by this was clear for all to see during the 2011 Tsunami in Japan, in which millions of people were displaced. A possible solution to this problem would be to build flood barriers. Flood defences, such as dikes, dams and floodgates, could be built along coasts and waterways, thereby stopping the water reaching 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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populated areas. The Netherlands is one of the most populated areas in the world and also one of the most vulnerable to flooding and they have successfully employed various flood defence systems. To conclude, stemming the rising des caused by increasing global temperatures is one of the foremost challenges we face and it will ul mately lead to many of the worlds ci es being le underwater, but a possible solution could be to utilise the flood prevention techniques already used by countries like Holland. It is predicted that more and more countries will be forced to take such measures to avoid a watery catastrophe. 9. In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decided to do this. Before embarking on college many young people are advised that a year working or travelling may be a good option. This essay will suggest that saving money is the biggest advantage of this and a reduced motivation to study is the primary disadvantage. Third level education is very expensive and lots of students decide to work for 12 months and save up money before they begin their studies. This allows them to pay for their living costs, tuition fees and accommodation and focus on their studies, rather than struggle financially or have to get a part time job on top of their academic work. The Times recently reported that the average student at a UK university requires over $12,000 per annum just to survive and many drop out because they cannot afford to stay. Despite these advantages, many students o en get used to working or travelling and dont want to return to a life of study after a year off. This short term view can cause some to bypass university altogether and go straight into a job that is beneath their capabilities or may not offer the same prospects their future career might have done. For instance, a recent survey by the British Government found that 26% of students who take a gap-year never enter tertiary education. In conclusion, taking a break from studies can be advantageous if it allows people to gather up savings, however, they should also be careful that it does not lead to disillusionment with education altogether. 10. Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary schools rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages? Some authorities think that it is more favorable for pupils to begin studying languages at primary school instead of secondary school. This essay will argue that the advantages of this outweigh the drawbacks. The essay will first demonstrate that the earlier someone learns an additional language the more likely 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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they are to master it and that it brings added cognitive benefits, followed by an analysis of how the primary disadvantage, namely confusion with their native tongue, is not valid. The main reason to start kids off with foreign languages early is that this increases the likelihood they will achieve fluency in adulthood. That is to say that they will have far more years to perfect their skills and it will seem perfectly normal to speak bilingually. For example, in countries such as Holland and Norway where English is taught from a very young age, more than 95% of adults speak it at an advanced level. Learning a second language also helps to improve overall cognitive abilities. In other words it bene ts the overall development of a childs brain. A recent survey by Cambridge University found that children who studied a new language before the age of 5 were significantly more likely to score higher in Mathematics and Science. Those opposed to this say that it causes the child to become confused between their mother tongue and the other language. However, there is actually no evidence to support this view and children from bilingual families do just as well in both languages. My own son was brought up speaking both Vietnamese and English and outperforms most of his classmates in both. On balance, the fact that early foreign language learning leads to higher fluency and improved brain function clearly outweighs the flawed argument that it impairs uptake of native languages. 11. Computers are becoming an essential part of education. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your own opinion. Information technology is becoming a ubiquitous part of learning. This essay will show that this is a welcome development and can enhance educational practice. It will first suggest that the instant availability of huge amounts of information is the primary advantage, followed by a discussion of how it can sometimes lead to plagiarism. The main benefit computers bring to learners is easy access to vast amounts resources. Learners were once limited to the books they had and the knowledge of their teacher, now they can learn about anything they choose at the touch of a button. Google is a prime example, because it allows people to easily search for whatever they are looking for quickly and accurately. One possible drawback is that using the internet to complete academic work can sometimes lead to pupils copying articles from the internet. As a result, students do not have to think about their tasks and learn very little. The Sunday Times recently reported that 72% of college graduates in the UK admitted to copying and pasting Wikipedia articles at least once. Overall, it is a very positive development because most students will take advantage of the power of the information superhighway to enhance their studies, rather than using it to cheat. For example, in 2005 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Cambridge University found that students who regularly used a computer were 26% more likely to get a first-class degree than those who did not. In conclusion, the web has provided a gateway to knowledge unlike anything seen before and although it can sometimes lead to a few taking the easy route and plagiarising, it is a very positive step in the evolution of education. 12. Many museums charge for admission while others are free. Do you think the advantages of charging people for admission to museums outweigh the disadvantages? ANSWER 1 Some museums have an admission charge while some do not. In my opinion, the drawbacks of an entrance fee are eclipsed by its benefits in the sense that the income will be ploughed back into operation and development of the museums. A major disadvantage of an admission fee is the possibility of reducing the number of visitors. Museums house exhibitions and artefacts of great educational and historical value. If the chief aim of a museum is to introduce the local community, admission should be free to the public and visitors. Take some folk museums in Hong Kong, which preserve historic relics and display folk customs, for example. Admission to these folk museums, which are often monuments, is free of charge. If they had charged an entrance fee, many might have turned to other activities. Granted, an entrance fee might have a negative effect on the admission figures, but an income is favorable to museums in terms of operation. Museums feature educational exhibitions at times, and this could not have been done without a sum of money expended on hiring professionals and buying equipment. The Hong Kong Space Museum, for instance, has monthly exhibitions on different issues and professional docents are employed to take visitors on a guided tour around the museum. This example speaks volumes about how a reasonable admission charge is advantageous to the operation of a museum. In conclusion, the disadvantages of an admission fee are overshadowed by the benefits accruing from a stable source of income. Therefore, having weighed up the pros and cons, I am convinced that museums should charge an entrance fee for the sake of operation and development. ANSWER 2 Lots of museums charge a fee while others do not. This essay thinks that the benefits of charging do not outweigh the drawbacks because open access to relics and art is more important than generating money that the government should supply in any event. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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The main disadvantage is that high fees exclude a large proportion of the population, especially in less developed countries. Many people in poorer countries have just enough money for food and shelter. Exhibits are one of the few cultural activities they can enjoy free of charge. For example, Egypt has millions of people living in poverty, but also a rich and ancient culture and it is therefore important that everyone gets to experience these artefacts. Another big negative is that students and children who are learning about the world may not be able to visit. It would be a huge shame if art students could not see their favourite painters or sculptors work in real life because their nances could not cover the cost. Despite this, there are some who say that museums are unsustainable without the money they might get from ticket sales. They say that this allows the building to remain open and it is better that some people get to experience it, rather than none at all. To this I would say that the government should step in and cover the cost because culture is as important as anything else it spends money on. For instance, in the UK there have been huge government spending cuts over the last few years, but the museums have not had their funding reduced because of their importance to the countrys cultural heritage. In conclusion, although some might say that places of culture should be run like a business, the cost to the education and heritage of the country is too great and they should remain free to all. 13. Some parents think that childcare centres provide the best services for children of pre-school age. Other working parents think that family members such as grandparents will be better carers for their kids. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Some argue that when parents are at work, close relations provide the best care to young children, while others believe day care centres o er a be er service. It is agreed that while some rela ves take care of youngsters extremely well, childcare professionals o er a be er overall service. This essay will rst discuss the merits of family members looking a er pre-schoolers, secondly, an analysis of childcare centres services, followed by a reasoned conclusion. Many parents in full-time employment prefer to leave their young ones with grandparents and siblings when they are at work. This is often a trust issue, as the parents feel their child will be safer with someone from within the family nucleus. For example, a recent study showed that 62% of working mothers prefer a member of the immediate family to provide care when they are working. However, most kin are not trained childcare professionals and may not have the skills required to fully nurture a child. Daycare centres may be a better option due to the fact that most of their staff are highly skilled professionals. Many of their staff are highly trained and have diplomas in child development. For instance, if you want a job in a Montessori school, they will insist that you are fully qualified, with many of their staff having degrees in early years development. In spite of this, there have been recent highprofile cases of abuse within these establishments which makes some parents wary. 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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In summary, although there are some issues involving trust, as long as parents vet each school properly, the high level of service provided by daycare professionals trumps that of unqualified family members. 14. Women and men are commonly seen as having different strengths and weaknesses. Is it right to exclude males or females from certain professions because of their gender? Males and females are often viewed as having differing skill sets. It is agreed that it is correct to exclude people from certain jobs on the basis of their gender, but only in very limited circumstances. This essay will first discuss how physical attributes prevent women from excelling in particular roles; secondly discuss how society at large rejects men from undertaking certain careers, followed by a reasoned conclusion. For many years the general consensus in the armed forces is that women should not be allowed to participate in combat missions. This is because most women lack the brute strength required for this particular occupation and it is, therefore, right to prevent them from joining the ranks. For example, the American Army recently allowed some women to fight on the front line and the Department of Defence deemed the experiment a failure, due to lack of gh ng e ec veness. Despite this, many women have fought in many wars, famously on the astern Front for Russia and the iet Cong in ietnam, so maybe it is mens a tudes that prevent them performing rather than their stature. Society has yet to accept men in many traditionally female positions, such as nanny or beautician. Businesses feel that it is fine to not hire men for these posts because most of their customers would not be willing to have a man perform that service. I personally know of one example when a friend failed at the interview stage when applying to become kindergarten teacher because he was the wrong sex. To summarise, in limited circumstances it is just to prohibit people from certain occupations, but only if they cannot physically perform or if the general consensus is that it is a single sex post. 15. Every year several languages die out. Some people think that it is not important because life will be easier if there are fewer languages in the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? It is argued that the annual extinction of many languages is not a problem because having just a few languages leads to a more convenient life. It is disagreed that the convenience of using just a few key languages makes the dying out of less spoken dialects acceptable. This essay will first discuss the importance of language to culture and secondly the fact that learning a few common languages is unrealistic, followed by a reasoned conclusion. A language is not just a group of spoken words but the key to someones culture. Language has evolved over thousands of years to reflect what it means to be from a particular place. For example, the Irish 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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language has one of the widest vocabularies in the world and reflects their tradition of storytelling. Despite this, English has become the first language of the Irish, as many feel it makes it easier to communicate with the world. By speaking just a couple of languages, such as English and Chinese, you alienate billions of people throughout the world. nglish may be common, but it is not the lingua franca many people think it is and it would take generations for everyone to learn it. Countries like Korea and Vietnam have been trying to adopt English as a second language for a long me, but most of their people s ll cant fully grasp it. However, English has been the language of business for a long time and it should be encouraged to help a country become more economically competitive. To conclude, commonly spoken languages may make life more straightforward, but this should not be at the expense of less prevalent languages, in order to avoid the erosion of culture and the alienation of many countries. 16. Governments should spend more money on education than on recreation and sports.Do you agree or disagree? It is argued that countries should allocate more funds to education than to leisure and competitive games. It is agreed that national budgets should prioritise schools and universities over sports and play. This essay will discuss firstly, the economic benefits education can bring to a nation and secondly, the social benefits it has; followed by a reasoned conclusion. Investment in its education system is one of the best ways to improve a country’s economy in the long term. The more students entering third level education, the more skilled a workforce will be and this leads to higher innovation and productivity. For example, South Korea and Finland took the decision to invest a large proportion of their budget in education and this has reaped benefits in the form of hightech companies such as Samsung and Nokia. However, people cannot work hard all the time and these companies do provide leisure facilities for their workers. Education is not just about improving the economy it also has many social benefits. Well educated people tend to be more aware of social evils such as drugs, alcohol and sexual health. For example, Singapore educates all of its citizens on the dangers of drugs and this has resulted in one of the lowest levels of drug abuse in the world. Despite this, sports can also teach children valuable soft skills, such as teamwork and work ethic which also help curb social ills. In conclusion, education should take precedence over sports when it comes to funding due to the many socio-economic benefits it brings. It is recommended that governments continue to pump money into schools and universities in order to realise long-term goals.

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17. Most high-level positions in companies are filled by men even though the workforce in many developed countries is more than 50 percent female. Companies should be required to allocate a certain percentage of these positions to women.Do you agree? It is argued that corporations should be compelled to give a certain proportion of their executive level roles to females given that that over half of the workforce is female in the West. It is agreed that businesses should be obliged to assign a significant percentage of top-level posts to women. This essay will discuss firstly, that women should be paid an equal amount of money for doing the same job as a man, and secondly, the fact that girls are currently outperforming boys on many university courses; followed by a reasoned conclusion. Despite years of so-called equal rights for women in the workplace they con nue to be underpaid. Many women who do exactly the same job as their male colleagues earn less money and this is unfair. For example, a recent survey of accountancy and legal firms in the United Kingdom found that women earn on average 17% less than men with identical roles. However, this may be due to women taking maternity leave and falling behind their male counterparts. This unfairness is compounded by the fact that females are currently getting higher grades in most university courses. Even previously male-dominated fields, such as law and medicine, now see women in the ascendency and they should, therefore, be rewarded with top roles. For example, females recently outperformed males for the first time in law in U.K. universities. Despite this, employers should bear in mind that roles should be handed out on merit, not gender alone. In conclusion, women do deserve an equal share of the good jobs available, namely because they are capable of doing an equally good job as men and are achieving higher academic standards than men at university. It is recommended that companies heed the advice in this essay and make their hiring practices fairer. 18. Some people believe that unpaid community service should be a compulsory part of high school programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do you agree or disagree? It is argued that volunteering should be made part of the school curriculum. This essay agrees with that suggestion completely because of the benefits it brings to pupils. The essay will first look at how voluntary work can help students develop soft skills and then discuss how these extracurricular activities are valued by universities and employers. Education should not be limited to strictly academic pursuits and those in education should also develop life skills, such as teamwork, empathy and self-discipline, and one of the best ways to hone these 0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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aptitudes is through community service. Serving those less fortunate than ourselves teaches us many lessons including how to work with people from other backgrounds and the value of hard work. For example, I personally volunteered to spend 6 weeks in Africa teaching disadvantaged children and this led to a much higher work ethic when I returned to my studies. Many colleges and companies are also increasingly looking for this type of experience. Most school leavers have the same grades and charitable works can help set you apart from the herd. For example, Cambridge and Oxford receive thousands of applications from straight-A students every year and can only accept a small percentage of applicants. What you have done outside the classroom is often the thing that differentiates you from everyone else and gets you that coveted spot. In conclusion, teenagers should be made to partake in unpaid work as part of their schooling because it will help them learn things they wouldnt ordinarily learn from their teachers and it will also boost their chances of getting into third level education. 19.

Life was better when technology was simpler. To what extent do you agree and disagree?

It is argued that our lives were more fulfilling when technology was less advanced. This essay disagrees with this statement and believes that computers and the internet have made life better. The essay will first discuss how smartphones save us time and then talk about how the internet has improved education, followed by a reasoned conclusion. New phones, such as the iPhone, have made our daily lives much less laborious and give us more free time. Jobs that required lots of energy and time can now be done at the touch of a button. For example, if we wanted to communicate with one another in the past, we had to write a letter, take it to the post office and then wait for it to be delivered, whereas these days we can simply tap the email icon on our touch screen and send a message in seconds. The internet has also enriched our lives by providing us with more information than we could ever need, thus making us more independent and effective learners. In the past students had to rely on a teacher or physical books for their education and these were often either unavailable or in a format that most people did not want, but now we can pick and choose what we want to learn. For example, there are now thousands of free online courses available on YouTube that anyone can watch and learn from anywhere in the world. In conclusion, life has been improved by technological advancements, particularly labour saving devices like phones and learning opportunities provided by the internet.

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20. Some say that music, art and drama are as important as other school subjects, especially at the primary level. Do you agree or disagree? It is argued that the arts are just as valid as the other subjects, especially for primary school children. This essay agrees with that statement and will first discuss how some students flourish when studying music, art or drama and then talk about how maths and science are not crucial at primary level. Not everyone has a talent for mathematics, physics or languages and many students only do their best work when they can be creative. In fact, many pupils simply cannot focus on traditional subjects unless they are expressing themselves creatively through painting, song or dance. Take Gillian Lynne for example, who at a young age was told she had a learning difficulty, but in fact could not learn without moving. Gillian went on to become a world-class choreographer but would have never have been a success without the encouragement of her dance teacher. Other would disagree with this view and say that art stops young children from spending enough me on the more serious subjects and passing important exams. However, until children get to high school, it is more important for them to have a good relationship and attitude towards education than passing tests. For instance, in Finland, primary school children do no tests at all and this has been shown to be one of the leading factors in them having the best education system in the world. In conclusion, painting, dance and acting should be given equal status in the primary classroom because they allow artistic children to learn more effectively and it is unwise to put pressure on children to pass maths and science exams at such a young age.

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SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS CODING SYSTEM: A. B. C.

Easiest Used in oral language; concrete concepts Intermediate Harder words; more likely used in writing Most difficult Advanced vocabulary and concepts

(Band 6) (Band 7) (Band 8)

Often a range of levels is given since the difficulty will vary according to the word selection. Most students find antonyms easier than synonyms since opposites tend to be more concrete concepts than similarities. However, since synonym substitution is a key strategy for improving written communication, study of synonyms is more beneficial. S. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Words Abandon Abbreviate Ability able Above Abundant accurate Achieve Active adamant Add Adequate adjourn Adult Advocate after Afraid Aggressive aid Always Amateur Ambitious Antagonize Apparent approve arrive Arrogant artificial Ask Atrocious

SYNONYMS desert, forsake shorten, condense skill, aptitude capable, qualified Overhead ample, sufficient correct, right accomplish, attain energetic, animated, lively firm, unyielding increase, total sufficient, enough, ample postpone, recess grown-up support, recommend following, next frightened, scared assertive, pushy, militant help, assist forever beginner, novice aspiring, driven provoke, embitter obvious, evident accept, ratify, endorse reach, come haughty, stuck-up fake, synthetic question, inquire dreadful, contemptible, vile

ANTONYMS keep lengthen, increase incompetence, inability Incapable Below scanty, insufficient wrong fail lethargic, idle, sluggish maneuverable, yielding subtract insufficient, sparse recommence, continue child oppose before courageous, brave passive, peaceful hinder never professional lazy, indifferent soothe, tranquilize hidden, obscure disapprove, censure depart, leave humble, modest real, authentic answer kind, wonderful

LEVEL B B-C B B A B-C B B B-C C A-B B-C C A B-C A A-B B-C B A B B-C C C B-C B B-C B-C A-B C

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572

127 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75.

authentic Average Awful awkward Ban barren bashful Beautiful Before beginning Believe Below Beneficial best birth Blend Bottom brave break brief broad busy Buy Calm Capture Care Careful Cease Certain Charming Chilly chubby Clarify Close close coarse colossal combine Comical Complex competent

genuine, real, factual ordinary, fair dreadful, atrocious clumsy, uncoordinated prohibit, forbid, outlaw unproductive, infertile shy, timid pretty, attractive, lovely prior, earlier start, initiate trust, accept under, lower helpful, useful, advantageous finest, choice Beginning combine, mix base, foundation courageous, bold, heroic fracture, burst short, concise wide, expansive active, occupied, working Purchase quiet, tranquil, still apprehend, seize, arrest concern, protection cautious, watchful stop, discontinue positive, sure, definite delightful, appealing, enchanting cool, nippy plump, pudgy explain, simplify shut, fasten near, imminent bumpy, rough enormous, immense, mammoth blend, unite, join amusing, funny, humorous complicated, intricate capable, qualified

Comprehend Complete Complex

understand, grasp conclude, finish complicated, intricate

CPE-LINGO

false, artificial unusual, exceptional Pleasant graceful allow, permit fertile, productive outgoing, assured ugly after, behind finish, end doubt, distrust above harmful, adverse worst death, end Separate top cowardly, timid repair, heal long narrow idle, inactive sell excited, turbulent free, release neglect careless, reckless continue, recommence uncertain, unsure obnoxious, gross, vulgar warm thin, skinny confuse open far fine, smooth tiny, insignificant, trivial separate tragic, sorrowful simple incompetent, inept

confuse, misinterpret incomplete simple 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

C B-C B-C B B C B A A-B A-B A-B A B-C A-B A-B B A-B B A-B B B B A-B B B B B B-C B B-C A A-B B A B B B-C B B B-C B-C B-C B B-C +92-317-9704572

128 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120.

Compress Concrete Concur Condemn condense Confess Confine Conflict conflict Conform Confuse Congested Connect Conscientious Conscious Consecutive Conservative Considerate Constantly contaminate contented Continue Convalesce Convenient Conventional correct courage courteous Cover cozy Cranky Crazy Cruel Cry Dally Damage dangerous Daring Dark Dawn Dead decay Deduct Defend Defy

CPE-LINGO

crush, condense, squeeze expand real, tangible, solid abstract, flimsy agree, cooperate disagree censure, denounce approve compress, concentrate expand, enlarge admit, acknowledge deny contain, enclose, restrain free, release oppose, differ, clash agree fight, battle, struggle peace, harmony comply, submit dissent, dispute complicate, muddle, jumble clarify overcrowded, stuffed empty, unfilled join, link, attach separate, disconnect scrupulous, virtuous neglectful, careless aware, cognizant unaware, unconscious successive, continuous interrupted cautious, restrained radical, extreme thoughtful, sympathetic, mindful thoughtless, selfish always, continually scarcely, seldom pollute, defile, infect purify satisfied, pleased dissatisfied, unhappy persist, persevere discontinue, stop recuperate, recover, heal relapse handy, accessible inconvenient customary, traditional unusual accurate, right, proper wrong, incorrect bravery, valor cowardice polite, civil Rude conceal, hide expose comfortable, snug, homey uncomfortable cross, irritable good-humored insane, daft, mad sane mean, heartless, ruthless kind, humane sob, weep laugh loiter, linger rush hurt, impair, harm remedy, repair unsafe, hazardous, perilous safe bold, audacious cautious dismal, black light daybreak, sunrise evening lifeless, deceased alive, active rot, spoil bloom, flourish subtract, remove add protect, shield attack, assault resist, challenge obey, comply 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

B-C C B B-C C B B-C B B-C B-C B B-C B C C C C C B B-C B-C B-C C B B-C A-B B B B B B B B A B-C B B B-C A-B B A-B B B B B +92-317-9704572

129 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165.

Delicate Demolish Denounce dense Depart deposit Desolate despise Destitute Destroy Detach Deter determined die different Difficult Dilute Diminish Dirty disagree dispute diverse Divide Docile Dormant Doubt drab Drastic dreadful dry dubious Dull Dumb Early easy eccentric ecstasy Empty encourage Enemy enjoy Enlarge enormous enough Entirely

CPE-LINGO

fragile, dainty sturdy destroy, wreck restore blame, censure, indict commend thick, heavy, compressed sparse, empty leave, exit arrive store, place withdraw barren, forsaken dense, verdant hate, detest, loathe love poor, penniless wealthy ruin, wreck, devastate restore separate, unfasten, remove attach hinder, prevent encourage sure, convinced, resolute doubtful expire, perish live distinct, unlike same, alike hard, challenging easy weaken, thin strengthen curtail, lessen, decrease increase, amplify soiled, messy clean differ, dispute agree debate, oppose agree different, distinct same, similar separate, split unite tame, gentle wild, stubborn sleeping, inactive awake, active mistrust, dispute believe dull, lifeless bright severe, extreme, tough mild, moderate terrible, unpleasant splendid, super arid, parched wet doubtful, questionable certain blunt, dreary sharp, bright stupid, dense smart premature, beforetime late simple hard peculiar, unusual normal joy, rapture, elation sadness, depression drain, unload fill promote, support, urge discourage opponent, foe ally, friend like, appreciate dislike, hate expand, magnify reduce, shrink vast, immense, colossal tiny, microscopic sufficient, ample, plenty insufficient wholly, completely, solely partly 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

B B C B-C B B C B C B B B B-C A-B B A-B B C A B B C B B-C B B B B-C B A-B B-C B A-B A-B A C C A-B B B B B B B B +92-317-9704572

130 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. 200. 201. 202. 203. 204. 205. 206. 207. 208. 209. 210.

eternal evident Evil exceptional Excite Exhilarated explicit exquisite exterior Extravagant Fabulous Face Fair fake False Fancy Fantastic Fast fat fatal fatigue feasible feeble ferocious fertile Few fiction Fill Fix Flaw Flimsy Flippant Fluid foe Follow forbid Forbid Forgive Former Fraction Frank frenzy Fresh Friend Frigid

CPE-LINGO

always, perpetual, everlasting temporary, passing apparent, obvious, clear doubtful, vague bad, wrong, wicked good remarkable, outstanding ordinary, commonplace arouse, provoke, incite compose, calm overjoyed, ecstatic, elated depressed, dejected, sad exact, distinct, unmistakable indefinite, unclear delightful, charming, lovely revolting, repulsive outside, outer interior extreme, excessive, luxurious meager marvelous, amazing unexciting confront, meet avoid honest, just, impartial unjust, unfair imitation, phony, artificial real, genuine incorrect, untrue true elaborate, ornate, fussy simple, plain incredible, outrageous ordinary, usual rapid, quick, swift slow chubby, plump, stout thin deadly, mortal, killing tire, exhaust possible, attainable, practical impossible weak, frail strong fierce, savage, brutal, savage tame, gentle fruitful, productive unproductive, barren many fantasy, untruth, myth truth load, pack empty mend, repair break defect, fault, blemish perfection frail, fragile, delicate sturdy, strong impudent, sassy polite, respectful liquid solid enemy, adversary, opponent friend succeed, trail lead, precede prohibit, ban, bar encourage prohibit, ban, bar encourage pardon, excuse, absolve previous, earlier latter part, portion, segment whole candid, straight forward, blunt Evasive fury, rage serenity, calmness unused, new old, stale comrade, buddy enemy freezing, frosty warm, hot 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

B B-C A C B-C C C C B C B B B B B B-C B A-B A-B B B B-C B B-C C A B A A B B C B B-C A-B B B B B B B B-C B A-B B +92-317-9704572

131 211. 212. 213. 214. 215. 216. 217. 218. 219. 220. 221. 222. 223. 224. 225. 226. 227. 228. 229. 230. 231. 232. 233. 234. 235. 236. 237. 238. 239. 240. 241. 242. 243. 244. 245. 246. 247. 248. 249. 250. 251. 252. 253. 254. 255.

frivolous front full furious Future gain Gallant Gather Gaudy gaunt generous Gentle Genuine gigantic give Glad gloomy glorious Good Gorgeous Gratitude Great Handy Hard hate help High Hold Honest Hospitable hostile Huge Humble humiliate identical Identical Idle Ignorant Immaculate immature Immune Impartial impatient imperative Imperfect

CPE-LINGO

trivial, unimportant, silly important, serious Fore back packed, stuffed empty angry, enraged, infuriated calm, placid coming, tomorrow Past acquire, obtain, receive lose chivalrous, stately ungentlemanly collect, accumulate, compile scatter, disperse showy, garish, vulgar tasteful, refined scrawny, skinny, thin overweight, plump giving, selfless, big-hearted selfish, stingy tender, mild rough, harsh real, authentic, sincere fake, phony immense, colossal, enormous tiny, minute donate, present, offer take, receive happy, pleased, delighted sad, unhappy dark, dismal, depressing cheery, bright splendid, magnificent, superb terrible, awful nice, fine, well-behaved bad, awful ravishing, dazzling, stunning hideous, unattractive thankfulness, appreciation ungratefulness outstanding, remarkable insignificant, unimportant useful, convenient, skillful inconvenient, inept firm, solid, difficult soft, easy loathe, detest love aid, assist hinder, thwart elevated, lofty low grasp, grip, retain release, discharge truthful, sincere, frank untruthful, insincere welcoming, cordial, gracious rude, unfriendly antagonistic, aggressive, militant friendly, cordial vast, immense, great small, tiny modest, unpretentious vain, showy embarrass, disgrace, dishonor honor, dignify alike, duplicate different, varied alike, duplicate different, varied inactive, lazy busy, ambitious uninformed, unaware knowledgeable spotless, pure dirty, filthy childish, inexperienced mature, adult resistant, exempt susceptible neutral, unbiased, fair prejudiced eager, anxious, intolerant patient compulsory, crucial, mandatory unnecessary, optional marred, defective, faulty perfect, flawless 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

B-C A A B A-B B C B B-C B-C B A-B B B A-B A-B B B-C A B-C B-C B B A-B A-B B A-B B B B-C C A-B B B-C B B B B B B-C C C C C B +92-317-9704572

132 256. 257. 258. 259. 260. 261. 262. 263. 264. 265. 266. 267. 268. 269. 270. 271. 272. 273. 274. 275. 276. 277. 278. 279. 280. 281. 282. 283. 284. 285. 286. 287. 288. 289. 290. 291. 292. 293. 294. 295. 296. 297. 298. 299. 300.

impetuous Important independent inferior Infuriate Ingenious Innocent Insane Insufficient Intelligent Interesting Intermittent Internal Intolerant Intriguing Irrelevant Irritate Join Jolly Jubilant Keep kind lament large Last least Legible Lenient Listless logical Long loose Lure Luxurious Magnify Mandatory Maneuver maximum Meager mean mediocre Mend Migrant Militant Minor

CPE-LINGO

impulsive, rash, reckless restrained, careful significant, meaningful unimportant, meaningless self-reliant, autonomous dependent, unsure lesser, substandard superior enrage, agitate, provoke soothe, clam clever, creative, original unoriginal, dull guiltless, blameless guilty crazy, deranged, mad sane inadequate, deficient adequate, enough bright, sensible, rational ignorant, dense provocative, engrossing dull, boring sporadic, periodic regular, continual inner, inside external, outer bigoted, prejudiced understanding, accepting fascinating, enthralling uninteresting, dull inappropriate, unrelated relevant, pertinent, applicable annoy, agitate, provoke soothe, calm connect, unite, link separate, disconnect, detach merry, jovial, joyful sad, grim, glum overjoyed, delighted, elated dejected, depressed save, protect, guard discard, lose considerate, tender, thoughtful mean, cruel, inconsiderate mourn, grieve rejoice, celebrate big, massive, huge small, little final, end first, beginning fewest, minimum, smallest most, maximum readable, clear illegible, unreadable lax, unrestrained, easy harsh, strict lethargic, tired active, energetic sensible, sane, rational illogical, unreasonable lengthy short slack, limp tight attract, seduce, entice repel extravagant, elegant meager, scanty expand, enlarge, exaggerate reduce, minimize required, compulsory optional manipulate, handle, scheme greatest, uppermost, highest minimum, least scanty, sparse, poor abundant, generous unkind, malicious, nasty pleasant, nice fair, moderate, so-so outstanding repair, fix break drifting, traveling, transient stationary, immovable combative, aggressive, warlike peaceful lesser, inferior, secondary major 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

C B B B C C B B B-C B-C B-C C B C C C B B B C B B B-C A A B B-C B-C B-C B-C A A B-C C B C C B C A-B B B C C B +92-317-9704572

133 301. 302. 303. 304. 305. 306. 307. 308. 309. 310. 311. 312. 313. 314. 315. 316. 317. 318. 319. 320. 321. 322. 323. 324. 325. 326. 327. 328. 329. 330. 331. 332. 333. 334. 335. 336. 337. 338. 339. 340. 341. 342. 343. 344. 345.

Mirth Mischievous Misfortune Mobile Moderate Momentous Monotonous Moral Morbid morose Mourn Mysterious Naughty Neat Negligent Nervous Neutral New Nice Nonchalant Normal Numerous Obey Oblivious Obnoxious Observe Obsolete Obstinate Odd Offend Ominous Opaque Open Opponent Optimistic Optional Ordinary Outrageous Outstanding Painstaking Passive Past Patience Peculiar Perfect

CPE-LINGO

merriment, fun, laughter naughty, impish hardship, catastrophe, mishap good

gloom, sadness well-behaved, angelic luck, fortune immobile, stationary extreme, harsh unimportant, insignificant interesting immoral, unethical pleasant cheerful, optimistic rejoice obvious, known good, appropriate sloppy, disorderly conscientious, careful composed, calm prejudiced, partial old, antique unpleasant, naughty concerned, apprehensive abnormal, unusual few, scanty disobey, resist mindful, aware pleasant, pleasing ignore, disregard stylish, vogue, current maneuverable, flexible usual, ordinary please, delight

moveable, changeable temperate, lenient, medium important, powerful, outstanding boring, tedious dreary, humdrum ethical, virtuous, righteous appalling, awful, ghastly gloomy, sullen, moody, glum grieve, lament, bemoan elusive, occult, secret bad, disobedient, wrong clean, orderly, tidy careless, derelict, inattentive ruffled, flustered, perturbed impartial, unprejudiced unused, fresh, modern pleasing, desirable, fine indifferent, lackadaisical, blase ordinary, typical, usual several, abundant, considerable mind, heed, comply unconscious, preoccupied, dazed offensive, abominable, repulsive examine, study, scrutinize extinct, dated, antiquated stubborn, bullheaded, adamant peculiar, weird, strange displease, affront, disgust threatening, menacing obscure, murky, unclear transparent, clear begin, unfold, originate close enemy, rival, foe ally, friend hopeful, confident Pessimistic voluntary, elective required usual, average unusual, remarkable preposterous, shocking warranted, acceptable extraordinary, distinguished insignificant, inconsequential meticulous, precise, fastidious careless, negligent compliant, submissive, yielding forceful former, previous, preceding future tolerance, perseverance impatience weird, bizarre normal, conventional flawless, accurate imperfect, faulty 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

B B-C B-C B B-C C B-C B-C B-C C B B-C B B C B B-C A-B A-B C B B-C B C C B-C B-C C B B C B-C A-B B B-C B-C B C B-C B-C B-C B B-C B-C B +92-317-9704572

134 346. 347. 348. 349. 350. 351. 352. 353. 354. 355. 356. 357. 358. 359. 360. 361. 362. 363. 364. 365. 366. 367. 368. 369. 370. 371. 372. 373. 374. 375. 376. 377. 378. 379. 380. 381. 382. 383. 384. 385. 386. 387. 388. 389.

Permanent Perpetual Persuade Plausible Plentiful Pliable Polite Poor Portion Possible Precarious Precious Prejudiced Premature Premeditated Preserve Pretty Prevalent Prevent Probable Proficient Profit Prohibit Prominent Prompt Prosperous Proud Push Qualified Question Quiet Quit Racket Radiant Raise Ratify Rational Ravage Raze Recreation Reduce Refute Regular Regulate

enduring, lasting eternal, endless, incessant convince, influence believable, reasonable, ample, enough, abundant supple, flexible, compliant gracious, refined, courteous destitute, needy, impoverished part, segment, piece conceivable, feasible, plausible dangerous, uncertain, cherished, valuable, prized biased, opinionated, influenced early, hasty planned, intended, calculated uphold, guard, save lovely, beautiful, attractive customary, widespread thwart, prohibit, hinder likely, apt, liable skilled, adept, competent gain, earnings, benefit forbid, bar, restrict distinguished, eminent punctual, timely thriving, successful, flourishing arrogant, elated shove, propel competent, suited, capable interrogate, inquire, ask silent, hushed, tranquil cease, stop, withdraw noise, commotion, disturbance luminous, shining, lustrous hoist, elevate approve, confirm, endorse logical, level-headed, sensible devastate, ruin, damage destroy, demolish amusement, pleasure, pastime lessen, decrease, diminish contradict, dispute routine, customary, steady control, oversee, handle

temporary, changing short-lived, fleeting dissuade, deter logical unbelievable scarce, insufficient rigid, closed-minded rude, discourteous rich, wealthy whole, total impossible, unachievable shaky sure, safe cheap, worthless impartial late, delayed spontaneous, accidental destroy, neglect homely, unattractive uncommon, unusual permit, allow improbable, doubtful inefficient, inept loss allow, permit unknown, not renowned late, slow unsuccessful, fruitless modest, ashamed pull unfit, unsuited answer noisy, rowdy continue, remain peace, quiet dim, not illuminated lower veto, refuse irrational, crazy restore, revitalize build, construct work, labor increase, enlarge, amplify agree, concur irregular, abnormal decontrol

B C B-C C B-C C B-C B-C B B-C C B-C B-C B C B A-B B-C B-C B-C C B B C B B-C B A B B A-B B B C B B-C C C B-C B-C B-C C B-C C

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

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135 390. 391. 392. 393. 394. 395. 396. 397. 398. 399. 400.

Relentless Relevant Reliable Reluctant Remote Repulsive Reputable Resist Retaliate Reveal Ridiculous

401. 402. 403. 404. 405. 406. 407. 408. 409. 410. 411. 412. 413. 414. 415. 416. 417. 418. 419. 420. 421. 422. 423. 424. 425. 426. 427. 428. 429. 430. 431. 432. 433.

Risky Rowdy Rude Sad Same Savage Save Scarce Scrawny Scrupulous Seize Separate Serene Serious Shrewd Shy Sick Slim Sluggish Small Smooth Sociable Sorrow Special Spontaneous stable Stationary Stimulate Stop Strenuous Strict Strong Stupid

CPE-LINGO

persistent, merciless, unyielding lenient, sympathetic pertinent, suitable, apropos irrelevant, insignificant trustworthy, steadfast, stable undependable, unreliable unwilling, hesitant willing, accommodating secluded, isolated, distant close, accessible hideous, offensive, gruesome pleasing, alluring honorable, upstanding, honest dishonest, untrustworthy oppose, withstand, defy comply, conform avenge, revenge, reciprocate show, disclose, divulge hide, conceal nonsensical, foolish, sensible, believable preposterous hazardous, perilous, chancy safe, sound boisterous, rambunctious well-mannered, genteel impolite, discourteous polite, mannerly unhappy, dejected, gloomy happy, glad identical, alike, equivalent different, diverse uncivilized, barbarous civilized, gentle, tame preserve, conserve, keep spend, discard scanty, rare, sparse plentiful, abundant skinny, gaunt, spindly husky, chubby meticulous, ethical, fastidious unethical, careless apprehend, grab, snatch release, free divide, segregate, partition unite, join peaceful, tranquil, calm disturbed, upset grave, solemn, pensive flighty, fickle clever, cunning, crafty unthinking, careless bashful, timid bold, aggressive ill, ailing well, healthy slender, thin, svelte stout, stocky listless, lethargic, inactive quick, speedy little, insignificant, trivial large, important slick, glossy, level rough friendly, cordial, gregarious unfriendly, aloof woe, anguish, grief joy, ecstasy exceptional, notable, particular ordinary, usual instinctive, automatic, natural planned, rehearsed steady, unchanging, settled unsettled fixed, immobile, firm movable, portable rouse, stir, motivate stifle, suppress quit, cease, terminate start, begin vigorous, laborious effortless, easy stringent, severe, stern lenient powerful, mighty, potent weak unintelligent, dense, foolish knowledgeable, smart 0317-9704572 th

Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

C C B-C C B-C C C B-C C B-C B-C B-C C B-C A-B B C B B-C B-C C B-C B-C B-C B-C B-C B A B B-C B B B-C B-C B C B C C A-B C B-C A-B B +92-317-9704572

136 434. 435. 436. 437. 438. 439. 440. 441. 442. 443. 444. 445. 446. 447. 448. 449. 450. 451. 452. 453. 454. 455. 456. 457. 458. 459. 460. 461. 462. 463. 464. 465. 466. 467. 468. 469. 470. 471. 472. 473. 474. 475.

Subsequent Successful Sufficient Superb Suppress Surplus Swift Synthetic Tall Tangible Taut Tender Terrible Thaw Thrifty Thrive Total Trivial Turbulent Turmoil Unbiased Upset Urgent Vacant Vague Valiant Vibrate Vicious Victory Virtuous Vulgar Wealth Weary Wholehearted Wild Win Wise Wonderful Worn Wrong Yield Zenith

following, succeeding, latter thriving, prosperous, triumphant ample, enough, adequate magnificent, exquisite restrain, inhibit, squelch excess, additional, extra fast, speedy, hasty man-made, artificial high, lofty concrete, definite tense, tight, stiff delicate, gentle, affectionate dreadful, horrible, vile melt, defrost economical, frugal, prudent prosper, flourish, develop whole, entire, complete insignificant, worthless tumultuous, blustering, violent commotion, disturbance, fracas impartial, unprejudiced, fair perturb, ruffle, agitate crucial, important, imperative unoccupied, empty unclear, obscure, indistinct courageous, brave, heroic shake, quiver, tremble malicious, spiteful, ferocious triumph, win, success moral, righteous, angelic offensive, uncouth, coarse riches, prosperity, assets tired, fatigued, lethargic earnest, sincere uncivilized, savage, reckless triumph, succeed, prevail knowing, scholarly, smart marvelous, incredible, splendid used, impaired, old incorrect, untrue, mistaken produce, bear, provide peak, pinnacle, apex

preceding, previous failing, unsuccessful lacking, insufficient inferior, mediocre foster, encourage lack, deficit slow, sluggish natural short vague, ambiguous relaxed harsh, rough wonderful, superb freeze wasteful, extravagant fail, fade, shrivel partial important, crucial clam, peaceful quiet, tranquility prejudiced, partial soothe, calm unimportant, trivial filled, occupied clear, definite cowardly, fearful firm, steady kind, humane defeat sinful, wicked refined, tasteful poverty energetic, lively insincere tame, calm lose dull, uneducated ordinary, blah new, fresh correct, right B keep, retain bottom, base

C B-C B B-C B-C B-C B B A C B-C B B B B-C B-C B C C C C B B-C B B-C C B C B C B-C B-C B-C B B A-B B B B B-C B-C

0317-9704572 CPE-LINGO

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Institute of Languages and Professional Development, 6 road Rawalpindi.

+92-317-9704572