Hydraulic design tables for pipelines, sewers and drainage lines relating head loss vs. power loss 9788122427035, 9786612074363, 6612074361, 8122427030
172 46 2MB
English Pages 1 [96] Year 2006
Cover......Page 1
Foreword......Page 6
Preface......Page 8
List of Abbriviations Used......Page 10
Contents......Page 14
Section I: Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power......Page 16
Section II Pipes Flowing full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required......Page 60
Section III Hydraulic Parameters of Pipes Flowing Partially Full......Page 92
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Copyright © 2006, New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers Published by New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this ebook may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the publisher. All inquiries should be emailed to [email protected]
ISBN (13) : 978-81-224-2703-5
PUBLISHING FOR ONE WORLD
NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002 Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com
Foreword Professor J N Joshi has evolved the Hydraulic Design Tables existing in literature. His proacademic attitude has incorporated pragmatic, on the field practices. Professor Joshi is an illustration of step by step progress. He started his academic career as an Assistant Lecturer and culminated as Professor of Environmental Engineering , through Public Service Commission selections. He received a Merit Award for ranking first in his M E (Environmental). The booklet is useful to not only students in their project work, but also to practicing engineers and consultants, the focus being overall economy. It includes tables for design of water supply net works and waste water systems. I congratulate Professor J N Joshi for this compilation in the pursuit of excellence. P.P. Oza B.E (Hons.), Ph.D. Former Advisor (Scitech), Government of Gujarat. Former Professor of Environmental Engineering , L.D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad
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Preface It gives me great pleasure to present this booklet entitled Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage lines in the hands of my friends of engineering fraternity of all the disciplines working in the field of hydraulics in active service or practicing engineers and consultants. First booklet in this subject was published by the eminent Engineer Late Shri D B Bhatt long back in 1969. It is a standard reference as on today. Then came a second booklet with excellent printing and encompassing new and novel features by an experienced Engineer Shri A G Desai in 2001.But still I felt that there was a need for the values of velocities that are mostly used in real field and to avoid unnecessary small values of units and digits after decimal points. The purpose of this type of booklet , according to me should be to focus attention of designing engineers towards overall economy of the water supply Schemes. It is evident that head lost in overcoming friction is a mere waste of energy and ultimately money. Therefore a new feature is added in this booklet which relates Power to over come friction to transmit certain quantity of water through a distance of one km. Hope this endeavour of mine will be useful to practicing engineers and consultants as well in the field of water supply and sanitary engineering and industrial utilities. The focus on power consumption will lead to awareness of energy conservation as a unit saved is a unit produced. Looking to this point in view I feel that an exposure of this booklet to Engineering Students will go a long way in future energy conservation drive. Last but not the least I am grateful to my teacher, friend, philosopher and guide Dr P P Oza for being my constant source of inspiration and support and for his kind gesture in writing Foreword of this booklet. Ahmedabad
J N Joshi
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LIST OF ABBRIVIATIONS USED
Sqm E-xx V kL/d kL/h kL/min ML/d Hfc, m/km
: : : : : : : :
Hfm
:
kW/km
:
C fq fhc fhm n nr dr pr ar vr qr
: : : : : : : : : : :
square meter 10 to the power (-xx) velocity of flow, m/s kilo liter per day or : cubic meter per day kilo liter per hour or : cubic meter per hour kilo liter per minute or : cubic meter per minute million liter per day head loss in meter per kilo meter as per conventional Hazen Williams Formulae head loss in meter per kilometer as per modified Hazen Williams Formulae kilo watt of power wasted due to pipe friction per kilo meter as per conventional Hazen Williams Formulae Hazen Williams friction factor multiplying factor for flow rate multiplying factor for head loss as per conventional formulae multiplying factor for head loss as per modified formulae Mannings constant for roughness of surface in contact with water ratio of n values of partially flowing to fully flowing pipe section ratio of depths of flow partially flowing to that of fully flowing pipe ratio of wetted perimeter of partially flowing to that of fully flowing pipe ratio of hydraulic radius of partially flowing to that of fully flowing pipe ratio of velocity of partially flowing to that of fully flowing pipe ratio of flow rates of partially flowing to that of fully flowing pipe
FORMULAE USED SECTION-I DISCHARGE AND HEAD AND POWER LOSS IN PIPES FLOWING UNDER PRESSURE
QM = FLOW, ML/d -------------------------------Hf = 2.237 ´ 1011 ´ QM1.852 ´ D4.87 Hfm = 8.4543 ´ 1010 ´ QM1.81 ´ D4.81 D = Diameter, mm Qd = FLOW, cum/d -------------------------------HfC = 6.217 ´ 105 ´ Qd 1.852 ´ D4.87 Hfm = 3.141 ´ 105 ´ Qd1.81 ´ D4.81 HfC = Head lost in friction, m / km as per H-W formulae Hfm = Head lost in friction as per Modified H-W formulae, m / km Qh = FLOW, cum/h, Qmin= cum/min V = Velocity, m/s QM = 6.786 ´ 105 ´ V ´ D2 , ML/d Qd = 6.786 ´ 102 ´ V ´ D2 , cum/d Qh = 2.828 ´ 103 ´ V ´ D2 , cum/h Qmin = 4.712 ´ 105 ´ V ´ D2 , cum/min kW/km = Power Lost per km in over coming Frictional Head Loss kW/km = 0.2778 * Qmin * Hfc kW/km = 4.63 * 103 * Qh * Hfc kw/km = 1.929 * 104 * Qd * Hfc kw/km = 0.1929 * QM * Hfc
FORMULAE USED SECTION-II DISCHARGE & GRADIENT FOR PIPES FLOWING FULL UNDER GRAVITY CONDITIONS
QM = 67.86 * V * D2 Qmin = QM/1.44
QM = Flow in ML/d, D = Dia. in m Qmin= Flow in cum/min
Gradient : 1:L L = 0.1575 * D4/3/(VN)2 L = Length in m V = Velocity in m/s N = Mannings constant
SECTION-III PARAMETERS OF PARTIALLY FLOWING PIPES
q = 2 * cos1(1 2d/D) a/A = (1/2p) * (q sin (q) =0.159 * (q sin (q)) r/R = (1 sin(q)/q) r/R = (1 sin(q)/q) v/V = ( N/n) * (r/R)2/3 q/Q = (N/n) * (a/A) * (r/R)2/3 Where, q = Central Angle in Radians (1 Radian = 180/P = 57.296 0 )
D q ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
d
a, r, n, v, and q refers to area, hydraulic radius, Mannings constant velocity and discharge pertaining to partially flowing section and capital letters pertain to fully flowing section respectively.
List of Diameters and their Areas Diameter, mm 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 140 150 170 190 200 225 250 270 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850
Area, sqm 0.000177 0.000314 0.000491 0.000804 0.001257 0.001964 0.003318 0.005027 0.007854 0.012272 0.015394 0.017672 0.022698 0.028353 0.031416 0.039761 0.049088 0.057256 0.070686 0.096212 0.125664 0.159044 0.19635 0.237584 0.282744 0.331832 0.384846 0.441788 0.502656 0.567452
Diameter, mm 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1400 1500 1550 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 3000 3100
Area, sqm 0.6362 0.7088 0.7854 0.8659 0.9503 1.0387 1.131 1.2272 1.3273 1.5394 1.7672 1.8869 2.0106 2.1383 2.2698 2.4053 2.5447 2.688 2.8353 3.1416 3.4636 3.8013 4.1548 4.5239 4.9088 5.3093 5.7256 6.1575 7.0686 7.5477
Contents Foreward Preface List of Abbriviations Used Formulae Used
(L) (LEE) (EN) (N)
Section I : Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power (1) Section II : Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required (45) Section III : Hydraulic Parameters of Pipes Flowing Partially Full
(77)
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SECTION I Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
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Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
3
TABLE: HW 01 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 15 mm
Area 1.7672E-04 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
6.1 6.9 7.6 8.4 9.2 9.9 10.7 11.5 12.2 13 13.7 14.5 15.3 16 16.8 17.6 18.3 19.1 19.8 20.6 21.4 22.1 22.9 23.7 24.4 25.2 26 26.7 27.5 28.2 29 29.8 30.5 31.3 32.1 32.8 33.6 34.4 35.1 35.9 36.6
0.25 0.29 0.32 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.45 0.48 0.51 0.54 0.57 0.6 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.73 0.76 0.8 0.83 0.86 0.89 0.92 0.95 0.99 1.02 1.05 1.08 1.11 1.15 1.18 1.21 1.24 1.27 1.3 1.34 1.37 1.4 1.43 1.46 1.5 1.53
17.7 23.2 27.7 32.6 37.8 43.4 51.4 57.7 64.4 71.4 78.8 86.4 97.1 105.5 114.3 123.3 132.6 145.5 155.5 165.8 176.5 187.4 198.6 214 225.8 238 250.5 263.2 280.6 294 307.7 321.6 335.8 350.3 370.1 385.2 400.6 416.3 432.2 453.9 470.47
0.04 0.06 0.07 0.1 0.12 0.15 0.2 0.24 0.28 0.33 0.39 0.45 0.54 0.62 0.7 0.79 0.88 1.02 1.14 1.26 1.39 1.52 1.67 1.88 2.05 2.22 2.41 2.6 2.88 3.1 3.33 3.57 3.82 4.09 4.45 4.75 5.05 5.36 5.69 6.14 6.5
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
32 42.2 50.6 59.8 69.6 80.1 95.2 107.3 120 133.4 147.4 162.1 182.7 198.9 215.7 233.1 251.2 276.2 295.7 315.8 336.5 357.8 379.7 409.9 433.2 457.1 481.5 506.6 540.9 567.4 594.4 622 650.1 678.8 718 748.1 778.7 809.9 841.6 884.8 917.9 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
4
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE: HW 02 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (HazenWilliams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 20 mm Area 3.1416E-04 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
2
3
10.9 12.2 13.6 14.9 16.3 17.6 19 20.4 21.7 23.1 24.4 25.8 27.1 28.5 29.9 31.2 32.6 33.9 35.3 36.6 38 39.4 40.7 42.1 43.4 44.8 46.1 47.5 48.9 50.2 51.6 52.9 54.3 55.6 57 58.4 59.7 61.1 62.4 63.8 65.1
0.45 0.51 0.57 0.62 0.68 0.73 0.79 0.85 0.9 0.96 1.02 1.08 1.13 1.19 1.25 1.3 1.36 1.41 1.47 1.53 1.58 1.64 1.7 1.75 1.81 1.87 1.92 1.98 2.04 2.09 2.15 2.2 2.26 2.32 2.38 2.43 2.49 2.55 2.6 2.66 2.71
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
4 23.4 29.6 36.3 42.4 50.4 57.4 66.5 76.1 84.6 95.4 106.7 118.6 129 142 155.5 167.2 181.8 194.4 210 226.1 240 257.1 274.8 290 308.7 327.9 344.3 364.5 385.2 402.9 424.6 443.1 465.7 488.8 512.5 532.6 557.2 582.4 603.7 629.8 651.9 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
5
6
12.9 16.1 19.7 23 27.2 30.9 35.6 40.7 45.1 50.7 56.6 62.8 68.1 74.8 81.8 87.8 95.3 101.7 109.7 117.9 125 133.7 142.7 150.4 159.8 169.6 177.9 188 198.5 207.4 218.3 227.5 238.9 250.5 262.4 272.4 284.7 297.3 307.9 320.9 331.9
0.05 0.07 0.1 0.12 0.16 0.19 0.24 0.3 0.35 0.42 0.5 0.59 0.67 0.78 0.9 1.01 1.14 1.27 1.43 1.6 1.76 1.95 2.16 2.35 2.59 2.84 3.06 3.34 3.64 3.9 4.23 4.51 4.87 5.25 5.65 5.99 6.42 6.88 7.27 7.76 8.18
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
5
TABLE: HW 03 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 25 mm Area 4.9088E-04 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
17 19.1 21.2 23.3 25.4 27.6 29.7 31.8 33.9 36.1 38.2 40.3 42.4 44.5 46.7 48.8 50.9 53 55.1 57.3 59.4 61.5 63.6 65.7 67.9 70 72.1 74.2 76.3 78.5 80.6 82.7 84.8 86.9 89.1 91.2 93.3 95.4 97.5 99.7 101.8
0.71 0.8 0.88 0.97 1.06 1.15 1.24 1.33 1.41 1.5 1.59 1.68 1.77 1.85 1.95 2.03 2.12 2.21 2.3 2.39 2.48 2.56 2.65 2.74 2.83 2.92 3 3.09 3.18 3.27 3.36 3.45 3.53 3.62 3.71 3.8 3.89 3.98 4.06 4.15 4.24
10 12.5 14.8 17.7 20.7 24 27.6 31.3 34.8 38.9 43.2 47.7 52.5 56.8 62.5 67.3 72.7 78.4 84.3 90.4 96.6 102.3 108.9 115.7 122.7 129.9 136.4 143.9 151.5 159.4 167.4 175.6 183.1 191.6 200.3 209.2 218.3 227.5 235.8 245.4 255.1
0.06 0.09 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.24 0.3 0.36 0.43 0.51 0.6 0.71 0.82 0.93 1.08 1.21 1.37 1.54 1.73 1.93 2.14 2.35 2.59 2.85 3.12 3.41 3.69 4.01 4.35 4.71 5.09 5.49 5.86 6.3 6.76 7.23 7.74 8.26 8.74 9.3 9.89
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
18.4 23 27.4 32.8 38.7 45 51.7 58.8 65.6 73.5 81.9 90.7 99.9 108.4 119.5 128.8 139.5 150.7 162.3 174.2 186.6 197.9 211 224.4 238.3 252.5 265.4 280.4 295.7 311.4 327.4 343.9 358.8 375.9 393.4 411.2 429.5 448 464.9 484.1 503.8 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
6
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 04 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 32 mm Area 8.0425E-04 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
27.8 31.3 34.7 38.2 41.7 45.2 48.6 52.1 55.6 59.1 62.5 66 69.5 73 76.4 79.9 83.4 86.9 90.3 93.8 97.3 100.8 104.2 107.7 111.2 114.7 118.1 121.6 125.1 128.6 132 135.5 139 142.5 145.9 149.4 152.9 156.3 159.8 163.3 166.8
1.16 1.3 1.45 1.59 1.74 1.88 2.03 2.17 2.32 2.46 2.6 2.75 2.9 3.04 3.18 3.33 3.48 3.62 3.76 3.91 4.05 4.2 4.34 4.49 4.63 4.78 4.92 5.07 5.21 5.36 5.5 5.65 5.79 5.94 6.08 6.23 6.37 6.51 6.66 6.8 6.95
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
13.7 17 20.8 24.6 29.1 33.6 38.7 43.8 49.6 55.2 61.2 67.9 74.9 81.8 88.9 96.8 105 113 121.2 130.3 139.1 148.8 158.1 168.3 178.2 189 199.4 210.8 221.7 233.7 245.1 257.6 269.6 282.7 295.1 308.8 321.7 334.9 349.4 363.1 378.1 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
7.4 9.2 11.2 13.2 15.5 17.9 20.5 23.1 26.1 29 32.1 35.5 39.1 42.6 46.2 50.2 54.4 58.4 62.6 67.2 71.6 76.5 81.2 86.3 91.2 96.7 101.8 107.5 113 118.9 124.6 130.8 136.7 143.2 149.4 156.1 162.5 169.1 176.2 182.9 190.3 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.07 0.1 0.14 0.18 0.23 0.29 0.36 0.44 0.53 0.63 0.74 0.86 1.01 1.15 1.31 1.49 1.69 1.89 2.11 2.36 2.61 2.89 3.18 3.5 3.82 4.18 4.54 4.95 5.35 5.8 6.24 6.74 7.23 7.77 8.31 8.91 9.49 10.09 10.77 11.43 12.17 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
7
TABLE:
HW 05 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 40 mm Area 1.2566E-03 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
43.4 48.9 54.3 59.7 65.1 70.6 76 81.4 86.9 92.3 97.7 103.1 108.6 114 119.4 124.9 130.3 135.7 141.1 146.6 152 157.4 162.9 168.3 173.7 179.2 184.6 190 195.4 200.9 206.3 211.7 217.2 222.6 228 233.4 238.9 244.3 249.7 255.2 260.6 80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
1.8 2 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.4 8.6 8.8 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.7 10 10.2 10.4 10.6 10.9 100 1.00 1.000 1.000
10.4 12.7 16.5 19.2 22.1 25.3 30.3 33.9 37.7 41.7 48 52.4 57 64.3 69.3 74.5 79.9 88.3 94.2 100.2 106.3 115.9 122.5 129.2 136.2 146.9 154.2 161.7 169.4 181.1 189.2 197.4 210.1 218.7 227.5 236.5 250.2 259.5 269 278.7 293.5 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
5.6 6.8 8.8 10.2 11.8 13.4 16 17.8 19.8 21.8 25 27.3 29.6 33.3 35.8 38.5 41.2 45.4 48.4 51.4 54.5 59.3 62.5 65.9 69.4 74.7 78.3 82 85.8 91.7 95.7 99.7 106 110.2 114.6 119 125.7 130.3 134.9 139.7 146.9 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
1.43 1.6 1.79 2 2.33 2.57 2.83 3.1 3.54 3.86 4.19 4.54 5.1 1.43 1.6 1.79 2 2.33 2.57 2.83 3.1 3.54 3.86 4.19 4.54 5.1 5.5 5.91 6.35 7.04 7.53 8.04 8.85 9.42 10.01 10.62 11.58 12.26 12.95 13.68 14.81 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
8
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 06 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 50 mm Area 1.9635E-03 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
68 76 85 93 102 110 119 127 136 144 153 161 170 178 187 195 204 212 221 229 238 246 254 263 271 280 288 297 305 314 322 331 339 348 356 365 373 382 390 399 407 80 .80 1.511 1.498
2.8 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.6 5 5.3 5.7 6 6.4 6.7 7.1 7.4 7.8 8.1 8.5 8.8 9.2 9.5 9.9 10.3 10.6 11 11.3 11.7 12 12.4 12.7 13.1 13.4 13.8 14.1 14.5 14.8 15.2 15.5 15.9 16.3 16.6 17 90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
8 10.2 12.1 14.8 17.7 20 23.4 26 29.8 32.8 36.9 40.2 44.8 48.3 53.3 57.1 62.5 66.6 72.3 76.7 82.8 89.1 94 100.7 105.8 112.9 118.3 125.7 131.4 139.2 145.1 153.2 159.5 167.9 174.4 183.3 190 199.2 208.6 215.8 225.5 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
4.3 5.5 6.4 7.8 9.3 10.5 12.3 13.6 15.5 17 19.2 20.8 23.1 24.9 27.4 29.3 32 34.1 37 39.2 42.2 45.3 47.8 51.1 53.6 57.1 59.8 63.4 66.2 70.1 73 77 80 84.2 87.4 91.7 95 99.5 104.1 107.5 112.3 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.1 0.15 0.2 0.27 0.35 0.43 0.54 0.64 0.79 0.91 1.09 1.25 1.47 1.65 1.92 2.14 2.46 2.71 3.08 3.37 3.8 4.25 4.61 5.13 5.54 6.12 6.57 7.22 7.73 8.44 9 9.79 10.41 11.27 11.95 12.9 13.64 14.66 15.74 16.59 17.75 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
9
TABLE:
HW 07 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 65 mm Area 3.3183E-03 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
115 129 143 158 172 186 201 215 229 244 258 272 287 301 315 330 344 358 373 387 401 416 430 444 459 473 487 502 516 530 545 559 573 588 602 616 631 645 659 674 688 80 .80 1.511 1.498
4.8 5.4 6 6.6 7.2 7.8 8.4 9 9.5 10.2 10.8 11.3 12 12.5 13.1 13.8 14.3 14.9 15.5 16.1 16.7 17.3 17.9 18.5 19.1 19.7 20.3 20.9 21.5 22.1 22.7 23.3 23.9 24.5 25.1 25.7 26.3 26.9 27.5 28.1 28.7 90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
6 7.5 9.1 10.9 12.8 14.8 17 19.3 21.4 24.4 27.1 29.5 33 35.6 38.8 42.7 45.6 49.2 53 56.8 60.8 64.9 69.1 73.5 78 82.6 87.3 92.1 97.1 102.1 107.3 112.7 118.1 123.6 129.3 135.1 141 147 153.1 159.4 165.7 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
3.2 4 4.8 5.7 6.7 7.8 8.9 10.1 11.1 12.6 14 15.2 16.9 18.2 19.8 21.8 23.2 25 26.9 28.8 30.8 32.8 34.9 37 39.2 41.5 43.8 46.2 48.6 51.1 53.6 56.2 58.9 61.6 64.3 67.2 70 72.9 75.9 78.9 82 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.13 0.19 0.25 0.33 0.43 0.53 0.66 0.8 0.94 1.15 1.36 1.54 1.83 2.06 2.35 2.73 3.02 3.39 3.8 4.23 4.7 5.2 5.73 6.3 6.9 7.53 8.21 8.91 9.67 10.45 11.28 12.16 13.07 14.02 15.03 16.08 17.17 18.31 19.49 20.74 22.02 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
10
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 08 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 80 mm Area 5.0266E-03 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
174 195 217 239 261 282 304 326 347 369 391 413 434 456 478 499 521 543 565 586 608 630 651 673 695 717 738 760 782 803 825 847 869 890 912 934 955 977 999 1021 1042 80 .80 1.511 1.498
7.3 8.1 9 10 10.9 11.8 12.7 13.6 14.5 15.4 16.3 17.2 18.1 19 19.9 20.8 21.7 22.6 23.5 24.4 25.3 26.3 27.1 28 29 29.9 30.8 31.7 32.6 33.5 34.4 35.3 36.2 37.1 38 38.9 39.8 40.7 41.6 42.5 43.4 90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
4.8 5.8 7 8.6 10 11.6 13.3 15.1 17 19 21.1 23.4 25.7 28.1 30.6 33.2 35.9 38.7 41.6 44.6 47.7 51.3 54.2 57.6 61.5 65 68.7 72.5 76.3 80.3 84.3 88.5 92.7 97 101.4 105.9 110.5 115.1 119.9 124.7 129.7 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
2.5 3.1 3.7 4.5 5.2 6 6.9 7.8 8.8 9.8 10.9 12 13.1 14.3 15.6 16.9 18.2 19.6 21 22.5 24 25.8 27.2 28.9 30.8 32.5 34.3 36.2 38 40 41.9 43.9 46 48.1 50.2 52.4 54.6 56.9 59.1 61.5 63.9 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.16 0.22 0.29 0.4 0.5 0.63 0.78 0.95 1.14 1.35 1.59 1.86 2.15 2.47 2.82 3.2 3.61 4.05 4.53 5.04 5.59 6.25 6.8 7.47 8.26 9 9.8 10.64 11.52 12.45 13.43 14.46 15.54 16.66 17.84 19.07 20.36 21.69 23.09 24.54 26.06 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
11
TABLE:
HW 09 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 100 mm Area 7.854E-3 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
271 305 339 373 407 441 475 509 543 577 611 645 679 713 746 780 814 848 882 916 950 984 1018 1052 1086 1120 1154 1188 1221 1255 1289 1323 1357 1391 1425 1459 1493 1527 1561 1595 1629 80 .80 1.511 1.498
11.3 12.7 14.1 15.5 17 18.4 19.8 21.2 22.6 24 25.5 26.9 28.3 29.7 31.1 32.5 33.9 35.3 36.8 38.2 39.6 41 42.4 43.8 45.3 46.7 48.1 49.5 50.9 52.3 53.7 55.1 56.5 58 59.4 60.8 62.2 63.6 65 66.5 67.9 90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
3.6 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.7 8.9 10.2 11.6 13.1 14.6 16.3 18 19.8 21.7 23.6 25.6 27.7 29.8 32.2 34.5 36.9 39.4 41.9 44.5 47.4 50.1 52.9 55.8 58.8 61.8 64.9 68.1 71.3 74.8 78.2 81.7 85.2 88.8 92.4 96.4 100.2 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
1.9 2.4 2.9 3.4 4 4.6 5.3 6 6.7 7.5 8.3 9.2 10.1 11 11.9 12.9 14 15 16.2 17.3 18.5 19.7 20.9 22.2 23.6 24.9 26.3 27.7 29.1 30.6 32.1 33.6 35.2 36.9 38.5 40.2 41.9 43.6 45.4 47.3 49.1 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.19 0.26 0.36 0.47 0.61 0.76 0.94 1.14 1.37 1.62 1.92 2.24 2.59 2.98 3.4 3.85 4.35 4.87 5.49 6.1 6.77 7.48 8.23 9.02 9.94 10.83 11.78 12.79 13.86 14.96 16.14 17.37 18.65 20.09 21.51 23 24.54 26.15 27.81 29.68 31.5 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
12
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 10 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 125 mm Area 1.2272E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
424 477 530 583 636 689 742 795 848 901 954 1007 1060 1113 1166 1219 1272 1325 1378 1431 1484 1537 1590 1643 1697 1750 1803 1856 1909 1962 2015 2068 2121 2174 2227 2280 2333 2386 2439 2492 2545 80 .80 1.511 1.498
17.7 19.9 22.1 24.3 26.5 28.7 30.9 33.1 35.3 37.5 39.8 42 44.2 46.4 48.6 50.8 53 55.2 57.4 59.6 61.8 64 66.3 68.5 70.7 72.9 75.1 77.3 79.5 81.8 84 86.2 88.4 90.6 92.8 95 97.2 99.4 101.6 103.8 106 90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
2.8 3.5 4.2 5 5.9 6.9 7.9 8.9 10.1 11.3 12.6 13.9 15.3 16.7 18.2 19.8 21.4 23 24.8 26.6 28.4 30.3 32.3 34.4 36.4 38.6 40.7 43 45.3 47.7 50.1 52.6 55.1 57.7 60.3 63 65.7 68.5 71.3 74.2 77.1 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
1.5 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.1 3.5 4 4.6 5.1 5.7 6.4 7 7.7 8.4 9.2 9.9 10.7 11.5 12.4 13.3 14.2 15.1 16.1 17 18.1 19.1 20.1 21.2 22.3 23.5 24.7 25.8 27.1 28.3 29.5 30.8 32.1 33.4 34.8 36.2 37.6 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.23 0.32 0.43 0.56 0.72 0.92 1.13 1.36 1.65 1.96 2.32 2.7 3.13 3.59 4.1 4.66 5.25 5.88 6.59 7.34 8.13 8.98 9.92 10.91 11.92 13.03 14.15 15.39 16.67 18.07 19.48 20.99 22.55 24.2 25.91 27.71 29.57 31.53 33.54 35.66 37.84 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
13
TABLE:
HW 11 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 150 mm Area 1.7672E-2 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
611 687 763 840 916 992 1069 1145 1221 1298 1374 1451 1527 1603 1680 1756 1832 1909 1985 2061 2138 2214 2290 2367 2443 2519 2596 2672 2748 2825 2901 2977 3054 3130 3206 3283 3359 3435 3512 3588 3664 80 .80 1.511 1.498
25.5 28.6 31.8 35 38.2 41.3 44.5 47.7 50.9 54.1 57.3 60.5 63.6 66.8 70 73.2 76.3 79.5 82.7 85.9 89.1 92.3 95.4 98.6 101.8 105 108.2 111.3 114.5 117.7 120.9 124 127.3 130.4 133.6 136.8 140 143.1 146.3 149.5 152.7 90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
2.3 2.8 3.4 4.1 4.8 5.5 6.4 7.2 8.2 9.1 10.2 11.2 12.3 13.5 14.7 16 17.3 18.6 20 21.5 23 24.6 26.1 27.8 29.5 31.2 33 34.7 36.6 38.5 40.5 42.4 44.6 46.6 48.7 50.9 53.1 55.3 57.6 60 62.4 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.7 4.1 4.6 5.1 5.7 6.2 6.8 7.4 8 8.6 9.3 10 10.7 11.4 12.2 12.9 13.7 14.5 15.4 16.2 17.1 18 18.9 19.8 20.8 21.8 22.7 23.8 24.8 25.9 26.9 28 29.1 30.3 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.27 0.37 0.5 0.66 0.85 1.05 1.32 1.59 1.93 2.28 2.71 3.14 3.62 4.18 4.76 5.42 6.11 6.85 7.66 8.55 9.49 10.51 11.53 12.69 13.9 15.17 16.53 17.88 19.4 20.98 22.67 24.34 26.29 28.13 30.12 32.24 34.42 36.64 39.02 41.53 44.12 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
14
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 12 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 170 mm Area 2.2698E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
784 883 981 1079 1177 1275 1373 1471 1569 1667 1765 1863 1961 2059 2157 2255 2353 2451 2550 2648 2746 2844 2942 3040 3138 3236 3334 3432 3530 3628 3726 3824 3922 4020 4118 4216 4315 4413 4511 4609 4707 80 .80 1.511 1.498
32.7 36.8 40.9 45 49 53.1 57.2 61.3 65.4 69.5 73.5 77.6 81.7 85.8 89.9 94 98 102.1 106.3 110.3 114.4 118.5 122.6 126.7 130.8 134.8 138.9 143 147.1 151.2 155.3 159.3 163.4 167.5 171.6 175.7 179.8 183.9 188 192 196.1 90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
2 2.4 3 3.5 4.1 4.8 5.5 6.3 7.1 7.9 8.8 9.7 10.7 11.7 12.7 13.8 14.9 16.1 17.3 18.6 19.9 21.2 22.6 24 25.5 26.9 28.5 30 31.7 33.3 35 36.7 38.5 40.3 42.1 44 45.9 47.9 49.9 51.8 53.9 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
1 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 4.4 4.9 5.3 5.8 6.4 6.9 7.4 8 8.6 9.2 9.8 10.5 11.1 11.8 12.5 13.2 14 14.7 15.5 16.3 17.1 17.9 18.7 19.6 20.5 21.4 22.3 23.2 24.2 25.1 26.1 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.3 0.41 0.57 0.73 0.93 1.18 1.46 1.79 2.15 2.54 2.99 3.49 4.05 4.65 5.29 6.01 6.76 7.61 8.51 9.5 10.54 11.63 12.83 14.08 15.44 16.79 18.33 19.86 21.59 23.31 25.17 27.07 29.13 31.25 33.45 35.79 38.21 40.78 43.43 46.05 48.94 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
15
TABLE:
HW 13 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 190 mm Area 2.8353E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
980 1102 1225 1347 1470 1592 1715 1837 1960 2082 2205 2327 2450 2572 2695 2817 2940 3062 3185 3307 3430 3552 3675 3797 3920 4042 4165 4287 4410 4532 4655 4777 4899 5022 5144 5267 5389 5512 5634 5757 5879
40.8 45.9 51 56.1 61.3 66.3 71.5 76.5 81.7 86.8 91.9 97 102.1 107.2 112.3 117.4 122.5 127.6 132.7 137.8 142.9 148 153.1 158.2 163.3 168.4 173.5 178.6 183.8 188.8 194 199 204.1 209.3 214.3 219.5 224.5 229.7 234.8 239.9 245
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
1.7 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.5 6.2 6.9 7.7 8.5 9.4 10.2 11.2 12.1 13.1 14.2 15.2 16.3 17.5 18.6 19.8 21.1 22.3 23.7 25 26.4 27.8 29.2 30.7 32.2 33.8 35.4 37 38.6 40.3 42 43.8 45.6 47.4
0.9 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.6 6 6.5 7 7.5 8.1 8.6 9.2 9.8 10.4 11 11.6 12.2 12.9 13.6 14.3 15 15.7 16.4 17.2 17.9 18.7 19.5 20.3 21.2 22 22.8
0.32 0.45 0.61 0.81 1.02 1.29 1.59 1.95 2.35 2.77 3.28 3.82 4.44 5.06 5.82 6.58 7.43 8.39 9.34 10.4 11.58 12.75 14.04 15.46 16.86 18.48 20.08 21.83 23.66 25.53 27.58 29.67 31.94 34.3 36.71 39.23 41.89 44.67 47.62 50.65 53.77
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
145
150
.80 1.511 1.498
.90 1.215 1.210
1.00 1.000 1.000
1.10 0.838 0.842
1.20 0.713 0.719
1.30 0.615 0.622
1.40 0.536 0.544
1.45 0.503 0.510
1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
16
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 14 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 200 mm Area 3.1416E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
kL/d
kL/h
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
1086 1221 1357 1493 1629 1764 1900 2036 2172 2307 2443 2579 2714 2850 2986 3122 3257 3393 3529 3664 3800 3936 4072 4207 4343 4479 4614 4750 4886 5022 5157 5293 5429 5565 5700 5836 5972 6107 6243 6379 6515
45.3 50.9 56.5 62.2 67.9 73.5 79.2 84.8 90.5 96.1 101.8 107.5 113.1 118.8 124.4 130.1 135.7 141.4 147 152.7 158.3 164 169.7 175.3 181 186.6 192.3 197.9 203.6 209.3 214.9 220.5 226.2 231.9 237.5 243.2 248.8 254.5 260.1 265.8 271.5
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4 C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
1.6 2 2.4 2.9 3.4 4 4.6 5.2 5.8 6.5 7.3 8 8.8 9.7 10.5 11.4 12.4 13.3 14.3 15.4 16.4 17.5 18.7 19.9 21.1 22.3 23.6 24.8 26.2 27.6 28.9 30.4 31.8 33.3 34.8 36.4 38 39.6 41.2 42.9 44.6 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
0.8 1 1.3 1.5 1.7 2 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.6 4 4.4 4.8 5.2 5.7 6.1 6.6 7.1 7.6 8.1 8.6 9.2 9.7 10.3 10.9 11.5 12.1 12.8 13.4 14.1 14.8 15.4 16.2 16.9 17.6 18.4 19.1 19.9 20.7 21.5 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.34 0.47 0.63 0.84 1.07 1.36 1.69 2.04 2.43 2.89 3.44 3.98 4.61 5.34 6.05 6.87 7.79 8.71 9.73 10.89 12.02 13.29 14.69 16.15 17.68 19.27 21.01 22.72 24.7 26.75 28.76 31.04 33.3 35.75 38.27 40.99 43.77 46.66 49.62 52.8 56.06 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
17
TABLE:
HW 15 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 250 mm Area 4.9088E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.8 10 10.2
1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 4 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.9 5 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.9 6 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.1
C Fq Fhc Fhm
1.3 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.5 3 3.6 4 4.7 5 5.4 6.2 6.6 7.5 8.4 8.9 9.4 10.4 10.9 12 12.5 13.1 14.3 15.5 16.2 17.4 18.1 18.8 20.2 20.9 22.3 23.8 24.6 25.4 27 27.8 29.4 30.3 32 32.9 34.7
0.7 0.8 1 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.8 2 2.3 2.5 2.7 3.1 3.3 3.7 4.2 4.4 4.6 5.1 5.4 5.9 6.1 6.4 7 7.6 7.9 8.5 8.8 9.1 9.8 10.1 10.8 11.5 11.9 12.2 13 13.4 14.2 14.6 15.4 15.8 16.6
0.43 0.54 0.79 0.98 1.18 1.58 2.1 2.44 3.13 3.47 3.9 4.82 5.32 6.46 7.7 8.41 9.14 10.69 11.51 13.33 14.24 15.28 17.48 19.81 21.15 23.68 25.14 26.63 29.74 31.35 34.69 38.34 40.32 42.33 46.5 48.65 53.08 55.55 60.44 63.06 68.44
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
145
150
.80 1.511 1.498
.90 1.215 1.210
1.00 1.000 1.000
1.10 0.838 0.842
1.20 0.713 0.719
1.30 0.615 0.622
1.40 0.536 0.544
1.45 0.503 0.510
1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
18
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 16 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 270 mm Area 5.7256E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
2 2.2 2.5 2.7 3 3.2 3.5 3.7 4 4.2 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.9 6.2 6.4 6.7 6.9 7.2 7.4 7.7 7.9 8.2 8.4 8.7 8.9 9.2 9.4 9.6 9.9 10.1 10.4 10.6 10.9 11.1 11.4 11.6 11.9
1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.8 5 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.8 6 6.2 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.9 7 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.3
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
1.2 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.3 4.5 5.1 5.8 6.1 6.8 7.5 8.2 8.6 9.4 9.8 11.1 11.5 12.5 12.9 13.9 14.9 15.9 16.4 17.5 18.5 19.7 20.2 21.4 22.6 23.2 24.5 25.7 27 27.7 29 30.4 31.8 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.9 3 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.2 4.6 4.8 5.4 5.6 6.1 6.3 6.8 7.2 7.7 8 8.5 9 9.5 9.8 10.3 10.9 11.2 11.8 12.4 13 13.3 13.9 14.6 15.2 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.47 0.54 0.8 1.11 1.46 1.65 2.13 2.67 3.34 3.63 4.39 5.32 5.76 6.8 7.92 9.11 9.79 11.23 11.98 14.49 15.33 17.36 18.28 20.46 22.76 25.18 26.42 29.17 31.86 35.02 36.47 39.83 43.32 45.11 49 52.83 57 59.25 63.64 68.4 73.32 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
19
TABLE:
HW 17 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 300 mm Area 7.0686E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
2.4 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.7 4 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.8 6.1 6.4 6.7 7 7.3 7.6 7.9 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.2 9.5 9.8 10.1 10.4 10.7 11 11.3 11.6 11.9 12.2 12.5 12.8 13.1 13.4 13.7 14 14.4 14.7
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
1.7 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7 6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.7 10 10.2 100 1.00 1.000 1.000
1 1.2 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.6 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.4 5.9 6.6 7.2 7.7 8.3 8.9 9.5 10.4 11.1 11.8 12.5 13.2 13.9 14.6 15.4 16.2 17 18.2 19.1 19.9 20.8 21.7 22.6 23.5 24.5 25.4 26.9 27.9 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
0.5 0.6 0.8 1 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.6 5.1 5.4 5.7 6.1 6.4 6.7 7.1 7.4 7.8 8.2 8.8 9.2 9.6 10 10.4 10.8 11.3 11.7 12.2 12.8 13.3 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.47 0.63 0.98 1.27 1.59 1.94 2.42 2.93 3.4 4.1 4.75 5.44 6.3 7.21 8.62 9.8 10.91 12.22 13.6 15.04 17.33 19.12 20.98 22.92 24.93 27.03 29.2 31.66 34.2 36.83 40.95 44.04 46.99 50.27 53.65 57.13 60.71 64.65 68.44 74.72 79.05 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
20
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 18 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 350 mm Area 9.6211E-02 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
3.3 3.7 4.2 4.6 5 5.4 5.8 6.2 6.7 7.1 7.5 7.9 8.3 8.7 9.1 9.6 10 10.4 10.8 11.2 11.6 12.1 12.5 12.9 13.3 13.7 14.1 14.5 15 15.4 15.8 16.2 16.6 17 17.5 17.9 18.3 18.7 19.1 19.5 20
2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.8 4 4.3 4.7 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.8 6 6.3 6.7 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.8 8.1 8.4 8.7 9 9.2 9.5 9.8 10.1 10.4 10.7 11 11.3 11.5 11.8 12.2 12.4 12.7 13 13.3 13.5 13.9
0.8 1 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 4.9 5.4 6 6.4 6.9 7.5 8 8.6 9.2 9.8 10.4 10.9 11.5 12.2 12.9 13.7 14.4 15.2 15.9 16.5 17.3 18.4 18.9 19.8 20.6 21.5 22.1 23.4
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
0.43 0.53 0.65 0.78 0.92 1.06 1.17 1.33 1.56 1.68 1.87 2.07 2.28 2.43 2.65 2.96 3.13 3.38 3.64 3.9 4.18 4.46 4.76 5.06 5.26 5.58 5.9 6.23 6.57 6.92 7.27 7.63 7.88 8.26 8.77 9.03 9.43 9.84 10.25 10.54 11.11 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
0.51 0.72 1.05 1.33 1.75 2.22 2.56 3.23 4.05 4.63 5.49 6.42 7.41 8.17 9.45 11.17 12.27 13.8 15.63 17.33 19.35 21.47 23.68 26 27.86 30.35 33.21 36.19 39.58 42.8 46.44 49.91 52.71 56.71 62.36 65.1 69.85 74.39 79.43 82.88 90.35 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
21
TABLE:
HW 19 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 400 mm Area 0.1257 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
4.3 4.9 5.4 6 6.5 7.1 7.6 8.1 8.7 9.2 9.8 10.3 10.9 11.4 11.9 12.5 13 13.6 14.1 14.7 15.2 15.7 16.3 16.8 17.4 17.9 18.5 19 19.5 20.1 20.6 21.2 21.7 22.3 22.8 23.3 23.9 24.4 25 25.5 26.1
3 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.3 5.6 6 6.4 6.8 7.2 7.6 7.9 8.3 8.7 9 9.4 9.8 10.2 10.6 10.9 11.3 11.7 12.1 12.4 12.8 13.2 13.5 14 14.3 14.7 15.1 15.5 15.8 16.2 16.6 16.9 17.4 17.7 18.1
0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.8 2 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.6 4 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.4 7.8 8.3 8.9 9.4 9.9 10.5 11.1 11.6 12.4 12.9 13.5 14.2 14.9 15.5 16.2 16.9 17.5 18.5 19.1 19.9
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
0.36 0.46 0.56 0.67 0.76 0.89 1.02 1.13 1.28 1.44 1.6 1.78 1.96 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.66 2.88 3.1 3.34 3.58 3.76 4.02 4.28 4.55 4.75 5.03 5.32 5.54 5.92 6.15 6.47 6.79 7.12 7.37 7.71 8.06 8.32 8.77 9.05 9.42 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
0.58 0.85 1.16 1.52 1.88 2.45 2.94 3.58 4.33 5.16 6.04 7.2 8.44 9.44 10.84 12.33 13.75 15.41 17.42 19.55 21.79 23.62 26.05 28.93 31.59 34.1 37.33 40.7 43.5 48.22 51.24 55.13 59.56 64.15 68.03 72.9 77.93 82.15 89.42 93.91 100.05 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
22
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 20 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 450 mm Area 0.1590 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
5.5 6.2 6.9 7.6 8.2 8.9 9.6 10.3 11 11.7 12.4 13.1 13.7 14.4 15.1 15.8 16.5 17.2 17.9 18.6 19.2 19.9 20.6 21.3 22 22.7 23.4 24 24.7 25.4 26.1 26.8 27.5 28.2 28.9 29.5 30.2 30.9 31.6 32.3 33
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
3.8 4.3 4.8 5.3 5.7 6.2 6.7 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.6 9.1 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 11.9 12.4 12.9 13.3 13.8 14.3 14.8 15.3 15.8 16.3 16.7 17.2 17.6 18.1 18.6 19.1 19.6 20.1 20.5 21 21.5 21.9 22.4 22.9 100 1.00 1.000 1.000
0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.8 2 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.5 4.8 5.2 5.6 6 6.3 6.8 7.2 7.7 8.2 8.7 9.2 9.7 10.2 10.6 11.2 11.8 12.4 13 13.6 14.1 14.8 15.4 16 16.6 17.3 110 1.10 0.838 0.842
0.32 0.4 0.48 0.58 0.66 0.77 0.89 1.01 1.11 1.25 1.39 1.54 1.67 1.83 2 2.17 2.35 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.06 3.27 3.49 3.71 3.94 4.18 4.42 4.62 4.88 5.08 5.35 5.62 5.89 6.18 6.46 6.7 7 7.3 7.55 7.87 8.19 120 1.20 0.713 0.719
130 1.30 0.615 0.622
0.63 0.96 1.33 1.77 2.06 2.58 3.35 4 4.64 5.63 6.69 7.84 8.97 10.28 11.96 13.75 15.33 17.19 19.29 21.5 23.28 26.07 28.6 31.66 34.85 38.18 41.66 45 48.73 51.82 56.31 60.97 65.79 70.78 75.93 80.29 86.33 91.97 97.33 103.29 110.05 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
23
TABLE:
HW 21 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 500 mm Area 0.1964 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
6.8 7.6 8.5 9.3 10.2 11 11.9 12.7 13.6 14.4 15.3 16.1 17 17.8 18.7 19.5 20.4 21.2 22.1 22.9 23.8 24.6 25.4 26.3 27.1 28 28.8 29.7 30.5 31.4 32.2 33.1 33.9 34.8 35.6 36.5 37.3 38.2 39 39.9 40.7
4.7 5.3 5.9 6.5 7.1 7.6 8.3 8.8 9.4 10 10.6 11.2 11.8 12.4 13 13.5 14.2 14.7 15.3 15.9 16.5 17.1 17.6 18.3 18.8 19.4 20 20.6 21.2 21.8 22.4 23 23.5 24.2 24.7 25.3 25.9 26.5 27.1 27.7 28.3
0.55 0.69 0.84 1.01 1.19 1.35 1.58 1.76 1.99 2.24 2.49 2.76 3.04 3.33 3.63 3.9 4.28 4.56 4.91 5.28 5.65 6.04 6.37 6.85 7.2 7.63 8.07 8.53 8.99 9.47 9.96 10.46 10.88 11.49 11.93 12.48 13.03 13.59 14.17 14.75 15.35
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.28 0.35 0.42 0.5 0.59 0.67 0.79 0.87 0.98 1.1 1.22 1.35 1.49 1.62 1.77 1.89 2.08 2.21 2.38 2.55 2.72 2.91 3.06 3.29 3.45 3.65 3.86 4.07 4.29 4.51 4.74 4.97 5.17 5.45 5.66 5.91 6.16 6.42 6.69 6.96 7.23 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
0.72 1.02 1.38 1.82 2.35 2.85 3.64 4.3 5.2 6.22 7.33 8.59 9.96 11.47 13.11 14.63 16.88 18.62 20.87 23.32 25.9 28.69 31.14 34.82 37.6 41.12 44.83 48.81 52.94 57.35 61.97 66.83 71.02 77.24 81.85 87.71 93.74 100.04 106.67 113.49 120.67 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
24
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 22 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 550 mm Area 0.2376 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
8.2 9.2 10.3 11.3 12.3 13.3 14.4 15.4 16.4 17.4 18.5 19.5 20.5 21.6 22.6 23.6 24.6 25.7 26.7 27.7 28.7 29.8 30.8 31.8 32.8 33.9 34.9 35.9 36.9 38 39 40 41.1 42.1 43.1 44.1 45.2 46.2 47.2 48.2 49.3
5.7 6.4 7.2 7.8 8.5 9.2 10 10.7 11.4 12.1 12.8 13.5 14.2 15 15.7 16.4 17.1 17.8 18.5 19.2 19.9 20.7 21.4 22.1 22.8 23.5 24.2 24.9 25.6 26.4 27.1 27.8 28.5 29.2 29.9 30.6 31.4 32.1 32.8 33.5 34.2
0.5 0.62 0.76 0.89 1.04 1.2 1.41 1.59 1.79 2 2.22 2.45 2.69 2.98 3.24 3.51 3.8 4.09 4.39 4.7 5.03 5.41 5.75 6.11 6.47 6.84 7.22 7.61 8.02 8.49 8.91 9.34 9.78 10.23 10.69 11.15 11.7 12.19 12.68 13.19 13.71
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.25 0.31 0.38 0.44 0.52 0.6 0.7 0.79 0.88 0.98 1.09 1.2 1.31 1.45 1.57 1.7 1.84 1.98 2.12 2.27 2.42 2.6 2.76 2.92 3.09 3.27 3.45 3.63 3.81 4.03 4.23 4.43 4.63 4.84 5.05 5.27 5.52 5.75 5.97 6.21 6.44 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
0.79 1.1 1.52 1.93 2.46 3.07 3.92 4.73 5.67 6.72 7.89 9.19 10.61 12.42 14.13 15.99 18.05 20.22 22.56 25.07 27.8 31.11 34.18 37.51 40.98 44.65 48.53 52.64 57.03 62.26 67.07 72.13 77.43 82.98 88.79 94.78 102.05 108.69 115.53 122.74 130.25 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
25
TABLE:
HW 23 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 600 mm Area 0.2827 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
9.8 11 12.2 13.4 14.7 15.9 17.1 18.3 19.5 20.8 22 23.2 24.4 25.7 26.9 28.1 29.3 30.5 31.8 33 34.2 35.4 36.6 37.9 39.1 40.3 41.5 42.8 44 45.2 46.4 47.6 48.9 50.1 51.3 52.5 53.7 55 56.2 57.4 58.6
C Fq Fhc Fhm
6.81 7.64 8.47 9.31 10.21 11.04 11.88 12.71 13.54 14.44 15.28 16.11 16.94 17.85 18.68 19.51 20.35 21.18 22.08 22.92 23.75 24.58 25.42 26.32 27.15 27.99 28.82 29.72 30.56 31.39 32.22 33.06 33.96 34.79 35.63 36.46 37.29 38.19 39.03 39.86 40.69
0.45 0.56 0.68 0.81 0.96 1.11 1.27 1.43 1.61 1.82 2.02 2.23 2.44 2.69 2.93 3.17 3.43 3.69 3.99 4.28 4.57 4.87 5.18 5.52 5.85 6.19 6.53 6.92 7.28 7.65 8.03 8.43 8.86 9.26 9.68 10.1 10.53 11.01 11.46 11.91 12.38
0.23 0.28 0.34 0.4 0.48 0.55 0.63 0.71 0.79 0.89 0.99 1.09 1.19 1.31 1.42 1.54 1.66 1.78 1.92 2.05 2.19 2.33 2.48 2.64 2.79 2.95 3.11 3.29 3.46 3.63 3.81 3.99 4.19 4.37 4.57 4.76 4.96 5.18 5.39 5.59 5.81
0.85 1.19 1.6 2.09 2.72 3.4 4.19 5.05 6.06 7.3 8.57 9.98 11.48 13.34 15.2 17.18 19.39 21.71 24.47 27.25 30.15 33.25 36.58 40.36 44.12 48.13 52.28 57.13 61.8 66.7 71.87 77.42 83.58 89.49 95.81 102.29 109.07 116.8 124.25 131.87 139.93
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
145
150
.80 1.511 1.498
.90 1.215 1.210
1.00 1.000 1.000
1.10 0.838 0.842
1.20 0.713 0.719
1.30 0.615 0.622
1.40 0.536 0.544
1.45 0.503 0.510
1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
26
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 24 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 650 mm Area 0.3318 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
11.5 12.9 14.3 15.8 17.2 18.6 20.1 21.5 22.9 24.4 25.8 27.2 28.7 30.1 31.5 33 34.4 35.8 37.3 38.7 40.1 41.6 43 44.4 45.9 47.3 48.7 50.2 51.6 53 54.5 55.9 57.3 58.8 60.2 61.6 63.1 64.5 65.9 67.4 68.8
C Fq Fhc Fhm
7.99 8.96 9.93 10.97 11.94 12.92 13.96 14.93 15.9 16.94 17.92 18.89 19.93 20.9 21.88 22.92 23.89 24.86 25.9 26.88 27.85 28.89 29.86 30.83 31.88 32.85 33.82 34.86 35.83 36.81 37.85 38.82 39.79 40.83 41.81 42.78 43.82 44.79 45.76 46.81 47.78
0.41 0.51 0.62 0.74 0.87 1 1.16 1.31 1.47 1.65 1.84 2.02 2.23 2.44 2.66 2.9 3.13 3.37 3.63 3.89 4.15 4.44 4.73 5.01 5.33 5.64 5.95 6.29 6.62 6.96 7.33 7.68 8.04 8.44 8.81 9.2 9.61 10.01 10.42 10.86 11.29
0.21 0.26 0.31 0.37 0.43 0.5 0.57 0.64 0.72 0.81 0.9 0.99 1.09 1.18 1.29 1.4 1.51 1.62 1.74 1.87 1.99 2.13 2.26 2.39 2.54 2.68 2.83 2.99 3.14 3.3 3.47 3.63 3.79 3.98 4.15 4.33 4.52 4.7 4.89 5.09 5.28
0.91 1.27 1.71 2.25 2.89 3.59 4.5 5.43 6.49 7.76 9.16 10.6 12.35 14.17 16.17 18.46 20.77 23.27 26.12 29.05 32.1 35.63 39.23 42.91 47.2 51.47 55.9 60.91 65.89 71.17 77.07 82.82 88.86 95.72 102.32 109.33 116.98 124.54 132.45 141.21 149.84
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
145
150
.80 1.511 1.498
.90 1.215 1.210
1.00 1.000 1.000
1.10 0.838 0.842
1.20 0.713 0.719
1.30 0.615 0.622
1.40 0.536 0.544
1.45 0.503 0.510
1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
27
TABLE:
HW 25 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 700 mm Area 0.3848 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
13.3 15 16.6 18.3 20 21.6 23.3 24.9 26.6 28.3 29.9 31.6 33.3 34.9 36.6 38.2 39.9 41.6 43.2 44.9 46.6 48.2 49.9 51.5 53.2 54.9 56.5 58.2 59.9 61.5 63.2 64.8 66.5 68.2 69.8 71.5 73.2 74.8 76.5 78.1 79.8
9.2 10.4 11.5 12.7 13.9 15 16.2 17.3 18.5 19.7 20.8 21.9 23.1 24.2 25.4 26.5 27.7 28.9 30 31.2 32.4 33.5 34.7 35.8 36.9 38.1 39.2 40.4 41.6 42.7 43.9 45 46.2 47.4 48.5 49.7 50.8 51.9 53.1 54.2 55.4
0.37 0.47 0.56 0.68 0.8 0.92 1.06 1.2 1.36 1.52 1.69 1.85 2.05 2.23 2.44 2.64 2.87 3.1 3.32 3.57 3.83 4.08 4.35 4.61 4.87 5.17 5.45 5.77 6.09 6.39 6.72 7.04 7.39 7.75 8.09 8.46 8.81 9.17 9.57 9.94 10.35
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.19 0.23 0.28 0.34 0.4 0.45 0.52 0.59 0.66 0.74 0.82 0.9 0.99 1.08 1.18 1.27 1.38 1.49 1.59 1.71 1.83 1.95 2.07 2.19 2.32 2.46 2.59 2.73 2.88 3.02 3.17 3.32 3.48 3.65 3.8 3.97 4.13 4.3 4.48 4.65 4.84 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
0.95 1.36 1.79 2.4 3.09 3.83 4.77 5.77 6.99 8.32 9.76 11.25 13.15 14.99 17.22 19.43 22.08 24.89 27.67 30.94 34.47 37.97 41.93 45.84 49.92 54.72 59.34 64.75 70.37 75.79 81.95 88 94.84 102.04 108.99 116.8 124.32 132.2 141.16 149.65 159.28 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
28
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 26 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 750 mm Area 0.4418 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
15.3 17.2 19.1 21 22.9 24.8 26.7 28.6 30.5 32.4 34.4 36.3 38.2 40.1 42 43.9 45.8 47.7 49.6 51.5 53.4 55.3 57.3 59.2 61.1 63 64.9 66.8 68.7 70.6 72.5 74.4 76.3 78.3 80.2 82.1 84 85.9 87.8 89.7 91.6
10.6 11.9 13.3 14.6 15.9 17.2 18.5 19.9 21.2 22.5 23.9 25.2 26.5 27.8 29.2 30.5 31.8 33.1 34.4 35.8 37.1 38.4 39.8 41.1 42.4 43.8 45.1 46.4 47.7 49 50.3 51.7 53 54.4 55.7 57 58.3 59.7 61 62.3 63.6
0.35 0.43 0.53 0.63 0.73 0.85 0.97 1.11 1.25 1.39 1.56 1.72 1.89 2.06 2.26 2.45 2.64 2.85 3.06 3.29 3.52 3.75 4.01 4.25 4.51 4.79 5.05 5.32 5.6 5.89 6.18 6.51 6.81 7.15 7.47 7.79 8.13 8.49 8.84 9.19 9.55
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.17 0.21 0.26 0.31 0.36 0.42 0.48 0.54 0.61 0.68 0.76 0.83 0.91 1 1.09 1.18 1.27 1.37 1.46 1.57 1.68 1.79 1.91 2.02 2.14 2.27 2.39 2.52 2.65 2.78 2.91 3.06 3.2 3.36 3.5 3.65 3.81 3.97 4.13 4.29 4.46 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
1.03 1.42 1.96 2.56 3.22 4.06 4.98 6.14 7.36 8.69 10.36 12.04 13.91 15.91 18.33 20.76 23.32 26.2 29.24 32.72 36.28 40 44.33 48.52 53.12 58.28 63.27 68.57 74.2 80.17 86.35 93.49 100.26 108.04 115.58 123.34 131.66 140.79 149.79 159.04 168.72 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
29
TABLE:
HW 27 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 800 mm Area 0.5027 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
17.4 19.5 21.7 23.9 26.1 28.2 30.4 32.6 34.7 36.9 39.1 41.3 43.4 45.6 47.8 49.9 52.1 54.3 56.5 58.6 60.8 63 65.1 67.3 69.5 71.7 73.8 76 78.2 80.3 82.5 84.7 86.9 89 91.2 93.4 95.5 97.7 99.9 102.1 104.2
12.1 13.5 15.1 16.6 18.1 19.6 21.1 22.6 24.1 25.6 27.2 28.7 30.1 31.7 33.2 34.7 36.2 37.7 39.2 40.7 42.2 43.8 45.2 46.7 48.3 49.8 51.3 52.8 54.3 55.8 57.3 58.8 60.3 61.8 63.3 64.9 66.3 67.8 69.4 70.9 72.4
0.32 0.4 0.49 0.58 0.68 0.79 0.9 1.03 1.16 1.29 1.45 1.6 1.74 1.92 2.09 2.27 2.46 2.65 2.85 3.05 3.26 3.49 3.7 3.94 4.19 4.43 4.68 4.94 5.2 5.47 5.75 6.03 6.32 6.61 6.91 7.24 7.53 7.85 8.2 8.53 8.86
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.16 0.2 0.24 0.29 0.34 0.39 0.44 0.5 0.56 0.63 0.7 0.77 0.84 0.93 1.01 1.09 1.18 1.27 1.36 1.46 1.55 1.66 1.76 1.87 1.99 2.1 2.21 2.33 2.45 2.58 2.7 2.83 2.97 3.1 3.24 3.39 3.52 3.67 3.83 3.98 4.13 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
1.08 1.5 2.06 2.67 3.42 4.3 5.28 6.47 7.77 9.17 10.96 12.76 14.55 16.91 19.27 21.88 24.74 27.75 31.03 34.48 38.21 42.46 46.46 51.11 56.22 61.28 66.69 72.45 78.43 84.79 91.52 98.49 105.86 113.47 121.5 130.52 138.68 147.84 158.08 167.99 178.18 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
30
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 28 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 850 mm Area 0.5674 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
19.6 22.1 24.5 27 29.4 31.9 34.3 36.8 39.2 41.7 44.1 46.6 49 51.5 53.9 56.4 58.8 61.3 63.7 66.2 68.6 71.1 73.5 76 78.4 80.9 83.3 85.8 88.3 90.7 93.2 95.6 98.1 100.5 103 105.4 107.9 110.3 112.8 115.2 117.7
13.6 15.3 17 18.8 20.4 22.2 23.8 25.6 27.2 29 30.6 32.4 34 35.8 37.4 39.2 40.8 42.6 44.2 46 47.6 49.4 51 52.8 54.4 56.2 57.8 59.6 61.3 63 64.7 66.4 68.1 69.8 71.5 73.2 74.9 76.6 78.3 80 81.7
0.3 0.37 0.45 0.54 0.63 0.74 0.84 0.96 1.08 1.21 1.34 1.49 1.63 1.79 1.94 2.12 2.28 2.47 2.65 2.85 3.03 3.25 3.45 3.68 3.89 4.13 4.35 4.6 4.85 5.1 5.36 5.62 5.89 6.17 6.45 6.73 7.03 7.32 7.63 7.94 8.25
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.15 0.19 0.22 0.27 0.31 0.36 0.41 0.47 0.52 0.59 0.65 0.72 0.79 0.86 0.93 1.02 1.09 1.18 1.26 1.36 1.44 1.54 1.64 1.74 1.84 1.95 2.05 2.17 2.28 2.4 2.52 2.64 2.76 2.89 3.02 3.15 3.28 3.42 3.56 3.7 3.84 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
1.13 1.57 2.13 2.82 3.57 4.56 5.55 6.83 8.16 9.75 11.39 13.41 15.39 17.8 20.15 23.08 25.84 29.23 32.54 36.42 40.06 44.6 48.88 53.97 58.78 64.47 69.84 76.16 82.58 89.25 96.33 103.66 111.42 119.63 128.1 136.84 146.26 155.75 165.95 176.44 187.23 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
31
TABLE:
HW 29 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 900 mm Area 0.6362 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
22 24.7 27.5 30.2 33 35.7 38.5 41.2 44 46.7 49.5 52.2 55 57.7 60.5 63.2 66 68.7 71.5 74.2 77 79.7 82.4 85.2 87.9 90.7 93.4 96.2 98.9 101.7 104.4 107.2 109.9 112.7 115.4 118.2 120.9 123.7 126.4 129.2 131.9
15.3 17.2 19.1 21 22.9 24.8 26.7 28.6 30.6 32.4 34.4 36.3 38.2 40.1 42 43.9 45.8 47.7 49.7 51.5 53.5 55.3 57.2 59.2 61 63 64.9 66.8 68.7 70.6 72.5 74.4 76.3 78.3 80.1 82.1 84 85.9 87.8 89.7 91.6
0.28 0.35 0.42 0.5 0.59 0.69 0.79 0.89 1.01 1.13 1.26 1.39 1.53 1.67 1.82 1.98 2.14 2.31 2.49 2.66 2.85 3.03 3.23 3.44 3.64 3.86 4.08 4.3 4.53 4.77 5.01 5.25 5.5 5.77 6.02 6.3 6.58 6.86 7.14 7.43 7.72
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.14 0.17 0.21 0.25 0.29 0.34 0.39 0.44 0.49 0.55 0.61 0.67 0.74 0.8 0.87 0.95 1.02 1.1 1.19 1.27 1.36 1.44 1.53 1.63 1.72 1.82 1.92 2.03 2.13 2.24 2.35 2.46 2.58 2.7 2.81 2.94 3.07 3.19 3.32 3.45 3.59 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
1.19 1.67 2.23 2.92 3.75 4.75 5.86 7.07 8.59 10.17 12.04 14.02 16.24 18.6 21.23 24.15 27.23 30.61 34.38 38.05 42.35 46.54 51.32 56.57 61.68 67.55 73.55 79.79 86.45 93.55 100.9 108.5 116.57 125.5 133.95 143.68 153.53 163.69 174.14 185.13 196.43 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
32
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 30 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 950 mm Area 0.7088 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
24.5 27.6 30.6 33.7 36.7 39.8 42.9 45.9 49 52.1 55.1 58.2 61.2 64.3 67.4 70.4 73.5 76.6 79.6 82.7 85.7 88.8 91.9 94.9 98 101.1 104.1 107.2 110.2 113.3 116.4 119.4 122.5 125.5 128.6 131.7 134.7 137.8 140.9 143.9 147
17 19.2 21.3 23.4 25.5 27.6 29.8 31.9 34 36.2 38.3 40.4 42.5 44.7 46.8 48.9 51 53.2 55.3 57.4 59.5 61.7 63.8 65.9 68.1 70.2 72.3 74.4 76.5 78.7 80.8 82.9 85.1 87.2 89.3 91.5 93.5 95.7 97.8 99.9 102.1
0.26 0.33 0.4 0.47 0.56 0.64 0.74 0.84 0.95 1.06 1.18 1.3 1.43 1.57 1.71 1.86 2.01 2.17 2.33 2.5 2.67 2.85 3.04 3.22 3.43 3.63 3.83 4.04 4.25 4.48 4.7 4.93 5.18 5.42 5.66 5.92 6.16 6.44 6.7 6.97 7.26
C Fq Fhc Fhm
0.13 0.16 0.2 0.23 0.27 0.32 0.36 0.41 0.46 0.52 0.57 0.63 0.69 0.75 0.82 0.89 0.96 1.03 1.11 1.19 1.27 1.35 1.44 1.52 1.62 1.71 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.31 2.42 2.53 2.64 2.76 2.87 2.99 3.11 3.24 3.37
1.23 1.76 2.37 3.06 3.97 4.91 6.13 7.44 8.97 10.66 12.55 14.59 16.88 19.49 22.23 25.27 28.48 32.07 35.79 39.86 44.13 48.85 53.88 58.94 64.88 70.79 76.92 83.49 90.31 97.94 105.49 113.53 122.45 131.28 140.4 150.47 159.99 171.2 182.02 193.42 205.9
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
145
150
.80 1.511 1.498
.90 1.215 1.210
1.00 1.000 1.000
1.10 0.838 0.842
1.20 0.713 0.719
1.30 0.615 0.622
1.40 0.536 0.544
1.45 0.503 0.510
1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
33
TABLE:
HW 31 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1000 mm Area 0.7854 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
27.1 30.5 33.9 37.3 40.7 44.1 47.5 50.9 54.3 57.7 61.1 64.5 67.9 71.3 74.6 78 81.4 84.8 88.2 91.6 95 98.4 101.8 105.2 108.6 112 115.4 118.8 122.1 125.5 128.9 132.3 135.7 139.1 142.5 145.9 149.3 152.7 156.1 159.5 162.9
18.8 21.2 23.5 25.9 28.3 30.6 33 35.3 37.7 40.1 42.4 44.8 47.2 49.5 51.8 54.2 56.5 58.9 61.3 63.6 66 68.3 70.7 73.1 75.4 77.8 80.1 82.5 84.8 87.2 89.5 91.9 94.2 96.6 99 101.3 103.7 106 108.4 110.8 113.1
0.25 0.31 0.37 0.45 0.52 0.61 0.7 0.79 0.89 1 1.11 1.23 1.35 1.48 1.61 1.75 1.89 2.04 2.2 2.35 2.52 2.68 2.86 3.04 3.22 3.42 3.61 3.81 4.01 4.22 4.43 4.65 4.87 5.1 5.34 5.57 5.82 6.06 6.31 6.58 6.83
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.12 0.15 0.18 0.22 0.26 0.3 0.34 0.38 0.43 0.48 0.54 0.59 0.65 0.71 0.77 0.84 0.9 0.97 1.04 1.12 1.19 1.27 1.35 1.44 1.52 1.61 1.7 1.79 1.88 1.98 2.07 2.17 2.27 2.38 2.49 2.59 2.71 2.82 2.93 3.05 3.17 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
1.31 1.83 2.42 3.24 4.09 5.19 6.42 7.75 9.32 11.14 13.07 15.31 17.7 20.35 23.17 26.35 29.66 33.38 37.46 41.52 46.2 50.85 56.17 61.73 67.44 73.91 80.32 87.31 94.46 102.22 110.13 118.7 127.43 136.85 146.85 156.73 167.65 178.43 190 202.52 214.58 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
34
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 32 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1100 mm Area 0.9503 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
32.8 36.9 41.1 45.2 49.3 53.4 57.5 61.6 65.7 69.8 73.9 78 82.1 86.2 90.3 94.4 98.5 102.6 106.7 110.8 115 119.1 123.2 127.3 131.4 135.5 139.6 143.7 147.8 151.9 156 160.1 164.2 168.3 172.4 176.5 180.6 184.7 188.9 193 197.1
22.8 25.6 28.5 31.4 34.2 37.1 39.9 42.8 45.6 48.5 51.3 54.2 57 59.9 62.7 65.6 68.4 71.3 74.1 76.9 79.9 82.7 85.6 88.4 91.3 94.1 96.9 99.8 102.6 105.5 108.3 111.2 114 116.9 119.7 122.6 125.4 128.3 131.2 134 136.9
0.22 0.27 0.33 0.4 0.47 0.54 0.62 0.71 0.8 0.9 0.99 1.1 1.21 1.32 1.44 1.57 1.69 1.83 1.96 2.1 2.26 2.4 2.56 2.72 2.89 3.05 3.23 3.41 3.59 3.78 3.96 4.16 4.36 4.57 4.77 4.99 5.2 5.42 5.65 5.88 6.12
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.11 0.14 0.17 0.2 0.23 0.27 0.3 0.34 0.39 0.43 0.48 0.53 0.58 0.63 0.69 0.75 0.81 0.87 0.93 1 1.07 1.14 1.21 1.28 1.36 1.43 1.51 1.6 1.68 1.76 1.85 1.94 2.03 2.12 2.22 2.32 2.41 2.51 2.62 2.72 2.83 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
1.39 1.92 2.61 3.49 4.47 5.57 6.87 8.44 10.13 12.13 14.11 16.56 19.16 21.96 25.08 28.61 32.11 36.24 40.34 44.86 50.16 55.13 60.87 66.79 73.29 79.72 86.94 94.53 102.32 110.78 119.13 128.5 138.07 148.4 158.6 169.94 181.13 193.16 205.91 218.87 232.73 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
35
TABLE:
HW 33 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1200 mm Area 1.1310 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
39.1 44 48.9 53.7 58.6 63.5 68.4 73.3 78.2 83.1 87.9 92.8 97.7 102.6 107.5 112.4 117.3 122.1 127 131.9 136.8 141.7 146.6 151.5 156.3 161.2 166.1 171 175.9 180.8 185.7 190.6 195.4 200.3 205.2 210.1 215 219.9 224.8 229.6 234.5
27.2 30.6 34 37.3 40.7 44.1 47.5 50.9 54.3 57.7 61 64.4 67.8 71.3 74.7 78.1 81.5 84.8 88.2 91.6 95 98.4 101.8 105.2 108.5 111.9 115.3 118.8 122.2 125.6 129 132.4 135.7 139.1 142.5 145.9 149.3 152.7 156.1 159.4 162.8
0.2 0.25 0.3 0.36 0.42 0.49 0.56 0.64 0.72 0.81 0.9 0.99 1.09 1.2 1.3 1.42 1.53 1.65 1.77 1.9 2.04 2.17 2.31 2.46 2.6 2.76 2.91 3.08 3.24 3.41 3.59 3.76 3.94 4.12 4.31 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.11 5.31 5.52
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.1 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.31 0.35 0.39 0.43 0.48 0.52 0.57 0.62 0.67 0.73 0.78 0.84 0.9 0.96 1.02 1.09 1.16 1.22 1.29 1.36 1.44 1.52 1.59 1.67 1.75 1.83 1.92 2 2.09 2.18 2.27 2.36 2.45 2.55 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
1.51 2.13 2.83 3.73 4.75 6 7.39 9.05 10.86 12.98 15.25 17.71 20.53 23.77 26.98 30.81 34.64 38.87 43.37 48.34 53.83 59.31 65.32 71.89 78.36 85.79 93.2 101.64 109.98 118.97 128.64 138.28 148.52 159.19 170.6 182.38 194.92 207.84 221.58 235.12 249.63 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
36
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 34 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1300 mm Area 1.3273 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
45.9 51.6 57.3 63.1 68.8 74.5 80.3 86 91.7 97.5 103.2 108.9 114.7 120.4 126.2 131.9 137.6 143.4 149.1 154.8 160.6 166.3 172 177.8 183.5 189.2 195 200.7 206.4 212.2 217.9 223.6 229.4 235.1 240.8 246.6 252.3 258 263.8 269.5 275.2
31.9 35.8 39.8 43.8 47.8 51.7 55.8 59.7 63.7 67.7 71.7 75.6 79.7 83.6 87.6 91.6 95.6 99.6 103.5 107.5 111.5 115.5 119.4 123.5 127.4 131.4 135.4 139.4 143.3 147.4 151.3 155.3 159.3 163.3 167.2 171.3 175.2 179.2 183.2 187.2 191.1
0.18 0.23 0.28 0.33 0.39 0.45 0.51 0.58 0.66 0.74 0.82 0.9 1 1.09 1.19 1.29 1.39 1.5 1.62 1.73 1.85 1.98 2.1 2.24 2.37 2.51 2.66 2.8 2.95 3.11 3.26 3.42 3.59 3.76 3.93 4.11 4.28 4.46 4.65 4.84 5.03
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.09 0.11 0.14 0.16 0.19 0.22 0.25 0.28 0.32 0.35 0.39 0.43 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.61 0.66 0.71 0.76 0.82 0.87 0.93 0.99 1.05 1.11 1.18 1.24 1.31 1.38 1.45 1.52 1.59 1.67 1.74 1.82 1.9 1.98 2.06 2.15 2.23 2.32 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
1.60 2.29 3.10 4.02 5.18 6.46 7.91 9.62 11.68 13.92 16.33 18.90 22.14 25.31 28.96 32.82 36.91 41.50 46.58 51.66 57.30 63.53 69.65 76.84 83.87 91.62 100.05 108.42 117.43 127.34 137.01 147.54 158.86 170.56 182.53 195.57 208.29 222.01 236.63 251.68 267.01 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
37
TABLE:
HW 35 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1400 mm Area 1.5394 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
53.2 59.9 66.5 73.2 79.8 86.5 93.1 99.8 106.4 113.1 119.7 126.4 133 139.7 146.3 153 159.6 166.3 172.9 179.6 186.2 192.9 199.5 206.2 212.8 219.5 226.1 232.8 239.4 246.1 252.7 259.4 266 272.7 279.3 286 292.6 299.3 305.9 312.6 319.2
36.9 41.6 46.2 50.8 55.4 60.1 64.7 69.3 73.9 78.5 83.1 87.8 92.4 97 101.6 106.3 110.8 115.5 120.1 124.7 129.3 134 138.5 143.2 147.8 152.4 157 161.7 166.3 170.9 175.5 180.1 184.7 189.4 194 198.6 203.2 207.8 212.4 217.1 221.7
0.17 0.21 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.41 0.47 0.54 0.6 0.67 0.75 0.83 0.91 1 1.09 1.18 1.28 1.38 1.48 1.59 1.7 1.82 1.93 2.05 2.18 2.31 2.44 2.57 2.71 2.85 2.99 3.14 3.29 3.45 3.6 3.76 3.93 4.09 4.26 4.44 4.61
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.08 0.1 0.12 0.15 0.17 0.2 0.23 0.26 0.29 0.32 0.36 0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.91 0.96 1.02 1.08 1.14 1.2 1.26 1.32 1.39 1.46 1.52 1.6 1.67 1.74 1.81 1.89 1.96 2.04 2.12 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
1.74 2.43 3.21 4.23 5.39 6.84 8.45 10.4 12.32 14.61 17.31 20.24 23.36 26.94 30.76 34.84 39.4 44.28 49.37 55.08 61.06 67.74 74.25 81.54 89.5 97.79 106.41 115.44 125.19 135.3 145.76 157.09 168.8 181.51 194 207.43 221.83 236.08 251.34 267.76 283.9 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
38
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 36 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1500 mm Area 1.7672 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
61.1 68.7 76.3 84 91.6 99.2 106.9 114.5 122.1 129.8 137.4 145.1 152.7 160.3 168 175.6 183.2 190.9 198.5 206.1 213.8 221.4 229 236.7 244.3 251.9 259.6 267.2 274.8 282.5 290.1 297.7 305.4 313 320.6 328.3 335.9 343.5 351.2 358.8 366.4
42.4 47.7 53 58.3 63.6 68.9 74.2 79.5 84.8 90.1 95.4 100.8 106 111.3 116.7 121.9 127.2 132.6 137.8 143.1 148.5 153.8 159 164.4 169.7 174.9 180.3 185.6 190.8 196.2 201.5 206.7 212.1 217.4 222.6 228 233.3 238.5 243.9 249.2 254.4
0.15 0.19 0.23 0.28 0.33 0.38 0.43 0.49 0.56 0.62 0.69 0.77 0.84 0.92 1 1.09 1.18 1.27 1.37 1.47 1.57 1.68 1.78 1.9 2.01 2.13 2.25 2.37 2.5 2.63 2.76 2.9 3.04 3.18 3.32 3.47 3.62 3.78 3.94 4.1 4.26
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.08 0.09 0.11 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.3 0.33 0.37 0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.69 0.74 0.79 0.83 0.89 0.94 0.99 1.05 1.1 1.16 1.22 1.28 1.34 1.41 1.47 1.53 1.6 1.67 1.74 1.81 1.88 1.95 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
1.77 2.52 3.39 4.53 5.83 7.27 8.86 10.82 13.19 15.52 18.29 21.56 24.73 28.44 32.42 36.91 41.69 46.78 52.44 58.43 64.76 71.77 78.62 86.77 94.75 103.48 112.69 122.19 132.5 143.34 154.48 166.51 179.11 192.04 205.29 219.77 234.6 250.43 266.94 283.81 301.04 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
39
TABLE:
HW 37 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1600 mm Area 2.0106 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
69.5 78.2 86.9 95.5 104.2 112.9 121.6 130.3 139 147.7 156.3 165 173.7 182.4 191.1 199.8 208.5 217.2 225.8 234.5 243.2 251.9 260.6 269.3 278 286.6 295.3 304 312.7 321.4 330.1 338.8 347.4 356.1 364.8 373.5 382.2 390.9 399.6 408.2 416.9
48.3 54.3 60.3 66.3 72.4 78.4 84.4 90.5 96.5 102.6 108.5 114.6 120.6 126.7 132.7 138.8 144.8 150.8 156.8 162.8 168.9 174.9 181 187 193.1 199 205.1 211.1 217.2 223.2 229.2 235.3 241.3 247.3 253.3 259.4 265.4 271.5 277.5 283.5 289.5
0.14 0.18 0.22 0.26 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.46 0.52 0.58 0.64 0.71 0.78 0.85 0.93 1.01 1.09 1.18 1.27 1.36 1.46 1.55 1.65 1.76 1.86 1.97 2.09 2.2 2.32 2.44 2.56 2.69 2.82 2.95 3.08 3.22 3.36 3.51 3.65 3.8 3.95
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.07 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.19 0.22 0.25 0.28 0.31 0.34 0.37 0.41 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.73 0.77 0.82 0.87 0.92 0.97 1.02 1.08 1.13 1.19 1.24 1.3 1.36 1.42 1.48 1.55 1.61 1.68 1.74 1.81 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
1.88 2.72 3.69 4.79 6.03 7.62 9.38 11.56 13.94 16.53 19.29 22.6 26.13 29.92 34.28 38.94 43.84 49.43 55.32 61.5 68.5 75.3 82.96 91.42 99.77 108.9 119.07 129.01 139.97 151.28 162.99 175.82 189.02 202.65 216.71 232.02 247.71 264.71 281.35 299.25 317.65 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
40
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 38 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1700 mm Area 2.2698 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
78.4 88.3 98.1 107.9 117.7 127.5 137.3 147.1 156.9 166.7 176.5 186.3 196.1 205.9 215.7 225.5 235.3 245.1 255 264.8 274.6 284.4 294.2 304 313.8 323.6 333.4 343.2 353 362.8 372.6 382.4 392.2 402 411.8 421.6 431.5 441.3 451.1 460.9 470.7
54.4 61.3 68.1 74.9 81.7 88.5 95.3 102.2 109 115.8 122.6 129.4 136.2 143 149.8 156.6 163.4 170.2 177.1 183.9 190.7 197.5 204.3 211.1 217.9 224.7 231.5 238.3 245.1 251.9 258.8 265.6 272.4 279.2 286 292.8 299.7 306.5 313.3 320.1 326.9
0.13 0.17 0.2 0.24 0.28 0.33 0.38 0.43 0.48 0.54 0.6 0.66 0.73 0.8 0.87 0.94 1.02 1.1 1.18 1.27 1.36 1.45 1.54 1.64 1.74 1.84 1.94 2.05 2.16 2.27 2.39 2.51 2.63 2.75 2.87 3 3.13 3.27 3.4 3.54 3.68
C Fq Fhc Fhm
0.07 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.21 0.23 0.26 0.29 0.31 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.59 0.63 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.81 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.16 1.21 1.27 1.32 1.38 1.44 1.5 1.56 1.62 1.68
1.96 2.89 3.78 4.99 6.35 8.11 10.06 12.21 14.53 17.37 20.43 23.72 27.62 31.78 36.2 40.89 46.3 52.01 58.05 64.88 72.04 79.55 87.4 96.17 105.32 114.85 124.75 135.7 147.06 158.84 171.81 185.18 199 213.28 228.01 244 260.57 278.4 295.89 314.77 334.16
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
145
150
.80 1.511 1.498
.90 1.215 1.210
1.00 1.000 1.000
1.10 0.838 0.842
1.20 0.713 0.719
1.30 0.615 0.622
1.40 0.536 0.544
1.45 0.503 0.510
1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
41
TABLE:
HW 39 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1800 mm Area 2.5447 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
87.9 98.9 109.9 120.9 131.9 142.9 153.9 164.9 175.9 186.9 197.9 208.9 219.9 230.9 241.9 252.8 263.8 274.8 285.8 296.8 307.8 318.8 329.8 340.8 351.8 362.8 373.8 384.8 395.8 406.8 417.7 428.7 439.7 450.7 461.7 472.7 483.7 494.7 505.7 516.7 527.7
61 68.7 76.3 84 91.6 99.2 106.9 114.5 122.2 129.8 137.4 145.1 152.7 160.3 168 175.6 183.2 190.8 198.5 206.1 213.8 221.4 229 236.7 244.3 251.9 259.6 267.2 274.9 282.5 290.1 297.7 305.3 313 320.6 328.3 335.9 343.5 351.2 358.8 366.5
0.12 0.15 0.19 0.22 0.26 0.31 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.56 0.62 0.68 0.74 0.81 0.88 0.95 1.03 1.11 1.19 1.27 1.35 1.44 1.53 1.62 1.72 1.82 1.92 2.02 2.13 2.23 2.34 2.45 2.57 2.69 2.81 2.93 3.05 3.18 3.31 3.44
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.06 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.19 0.22 0.24 0.27 0.29 0.32 0.35 0.38 0.42 0.45 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.59 0.63 0.67 0.71 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.89 0.93 0.98 1.03 1.08 1.13 1.18 1.23 1.29 1.34 1.4 1.46 1.51 1.57 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
2.03 2.86 4.03 5.13 6.62 8.54 10.39 12.72 15.28 18.03 21.37 24.99 28.84 32.95 37.8 42.92 48.34 54.59 61.2 68.13 75.42 83.03 91.6 100.6 109.94 120.35 131.24 142.51 154.25 167.15 179.7 193.51 207.77 223.45 239.56 256.26 273.39 291.02 310.23 329.9 350.21 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
42
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE:
HW 40 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 1900 mm Area 2.8353 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
98 110.2 122.5 134.7 147 159.2 171.5 183.7 196 208.2 220.5 232.7 245 257.2 269.5 281.7 294 306.2 318.5 330.7 343 355.2 367.5 379.7 392 404.2 416.5 428.7 441 453.2 465.5 477.7 489.9 502.2 514.4 526.7 538.9 551.2 563.4 575.7 587.9
68.1 76.5 85.1 93.5 102.1 110.6 119.1 127.6 136.1 144.6 153.1 161.6 170.1 178.6 187.2 195.6 204.2 212.6 221.2 229.7 238.2 246.7 255.2 263.7 272.2 280.7 289.2 297.7 306.3 314.7 323.3 331.7 340.2 348.8 357.2 365.8 374.2 382.8 391.3 399.8 408.3
0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 0.25 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.42 0.47 0.53 0.58 0.64 0.7 0.76 0.83 0.9 0.97 1.04 1.11 1.19 1.27 1.35 1.44 1.53 1.61 1.71 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.31 2.41 2.52 2.64 2.75 2.87 2.99 3.11 3.23
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.06 0.07 0.09 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 0.23 0.25 0.28 0.3 0.33 0.36 0.39 0.42 0.45 0.49 0.52 0.56 0.59 0.63 0.67 0.71 0.75 0.79 0.83 0.88 0.92 0.97 1.01 1.06 1.11 1.16 1.21 1.26 1.31 1.37 1.42 1.47 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
140 1.40 0.536 0.544
2.27 3.19 4.26 5.45 7.09 8.91 10.92 13.11 15.88 18.88 22.54 26.04 30.24 34.73 39.52 45.1 51.05 57.28 63.9 70.82 78.74 87.03 95.7 105.48 115.69 125.54 137.37 148.85 161.66 174.83 188.59 202.71 218.3 233.5 250.04 268.25 285.85 305.18 325 345.38 366.34 145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
Pipes Flowing Under Pressure Tables for Discharge and Loss of Head and Power
43
TABLE:
HW 41 DISCHARGE AND LOSS OF HEAD AND POWER IN PIPES (Hazen-Williams Formula, C=100) (Modified Hazen-Williams Formula, CR=1) Diameter of pipe 2000 mm Area 3.1416 sqm Velocity
Flow
Flow
Head Loss
Head Loss
kW Wasted/km
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
Hfc,m/km
Hfm,m/km
60% efficiency
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2 2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.35 2.4
108.6 122.1 135.7 149.3 162.9 176.4 190 203.6 217.2 230.7 244.3 257.9 271.4 285 298.6 312.2 325.7 339.3 352.9 366.4 380 393.6 407.2 420.7 434.3 447.9 461.4 475 488.6 502.2 515.7 529.3 542.9 556.5 570 583.6 597.2 610.7 624.3 637.9 651.5
75.4 84.8 94.2 103.7 113.1 122.5 131.9 141.4 150.8 160.2 169.7 179.1 188.5 197.9 207.4 216.8 226.2 235.6 245.1 254.4 263.9 273.3 282.8 292.2 301.6 311 320.4 329.9 339.3 348.8 358.1 367.6 377 386.5 395.8 405.3 414.7 424.1 433.5 443 452.4
0.11 0.14 0.17 0.2 0.23 0.27 0.31 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.66 0.72 0.78 0.84 0.91 0.98 1.05 1.12 1.2 1.28 1.35 1.44 1.52 1.61 1.7 1.79 1.88 1.97 2.07 2.17 2.27 2.38 2.48 2.59 2.7 2.81 2.93 3.04
C Fq Fhc Fhm
80 .80 1.511 1.498
90 .90 1.215 1.210
100 1.00 1.000 1.000
110 1.10 0.838 0.842
120 1.20 0.713 0.719
0.05 0.07 0.08 0.1 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.31 0.34 0.37 0.4 0.43 0.46 0.49 0.52 0.56 0.59 0.63 0.67 0.7 0.74 0.78 0.82 0.87 0.91 0.95 1 1.04 1.09 1.14 1.19 1.23 1.28 1.34 1.39 130 1.30 0.615 0.622
2.3 3.3 4.45 5.76 7.23 9.19 11.36 13.75 16.76 20.03 23.57 27.36 31.42 36.28 41.48 46.97 52.78 59.55 66.72 74.2 82.1 91.1 100.55 109.58 120.64 131.31 143.29 155.79 168.71 182.15 195.96 211.37 227.25 243.71 261.67 279.21 298.35 318.08 338.37 360.55 382.03 140 1.40 0.536 0.544
145 1.45 0.503 0.510
150 1.50 0.472 0.480
Multiplying factors fq, fhc and fhm for dischange, head loss and modified head loss respectively wrt C values.
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SECTION II Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required
This page intentionally left blank
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required
47
TABLE : G01 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full. Diameter: 100 mm
Area : 7.854E-3 sqm
Velocity V, m/s
Flow ML/d
Gradient : 1 : L kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
0.27 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.34 0.36 0.37 0.39 0.41 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.59 0.61 0.63 0.64 0.66 0.68 0.7 0.71 0.73 0.75 0.76 0.78 0.8 0.81 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.88 0.9 0.92 0.93 0.95 0.97 0.98 1 1.02
0.19 0.2 0.22 0.22 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.4 0.41 0.42 0.44 0.44 0.46 0.47 0.49 0.49 0.51 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.56 0.56 0.58 0.59 0.6 0.61 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.71
203 180 160 144 130 118 107 98 90 83 77 71 66 62 58 54 51 48 45 42 40 38 36 34 32 31 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 19 18 17 17 16 15 15 14
271 240 214 192 173 157 143 131 120 111 102 95 88 82 77 72 68 64 60 57 53 51 48 46 43 41 39 37 36 34 33 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 21 20 19
378 335 299 268 242 219 200 183 168 155 143 133 123 115 107 101 94 89 84 79 75 71 67 64 60 58 55 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 39 37 36 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27
48
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE : G02 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 150 mm
Area :1.7672E-2 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
0.61 0.65 0.69 0.73 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.95 0.99 1.03 1.07 1.11 1.15 1.18 1.22 1.26 1.3 1.34 1.37 1.41 1.45 1.49 1.53 1.57 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.79 1.83 1.87 1.91 1.95 1.98 2.02 2.06 2.1 2.14 2.18 2.21 2.25 2.29
0.42 0.45 0.48 0.51 0.53 0.56 0.58 0.61 0.64 0.66 0.69 0.72 0.74 0.77 0.8 0.82 0.85 0.88 0.9 0.93 0.95 0.98 1.01 1.03 1.06 1.09 1.11 1.14 1.17 1.19 1.22 1.24 1.27 1.3 1.33 1.35 1.38 1.4 1.43 1.46 1.49 1.51 1.53 1.56 1.59
349 309 276 247 223 202 184 169 155 143 132 122 114 106 99 93 87 82 77 73 69 65 62 59 56 53 51 48 46 44 42 40 39 37 36 34 33 32 31 30 28 27 27 26 25
465 411 367 329 297 270 246 225 206 190 176 163 152 141 132 124 116 109 103 97 92 87 82 78 74 71 67 64 61 59 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 41 39 38 37 35 34 33
649 575 513 460 415 377 343 314 288 266 246 228 212 197 185 173 162 153 144 136 128 121 115 109 104 99 94 90 86 82 78 75 72 69 66 64 61 59 57 55 53 51 49 48 46
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required
49
TABLE : G03 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full. Diameter: 200 mm
Area : 3.1416E-2 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
1.09 1.15 1.22 1.29 1.36 1.43 1.49 1.56 1.63 1.7 1.76 1.83 1.9 1.97 2.04 2.1 2.17 2.24 2.31 2.38 2.44 2.51 2.58 2.65 2.71 2.78 2.85 2.92 2.99 3.05 3.12 3.19 3.26 3.33 3.39 3.46 3.53 3.6 3.66 3.73 3.8 3.87 3.94 4 4.07
0.76 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.94 0.99 1.03 1.08 1.13 1.18 1.22 1.27 1.32 1.37 1.42 1.46 1.51 1.56 1.6 1.65 1.69 1.74 1.79 1.84 1.88 1.93 1.98 2.03 2.08 2.12 2.17 2.22 2.26 2.31 2.35 2.4 2.45 2.5 2.54 2.59 2.64 2.69 2.74 2.78 2.83
512 453 404 363 328 297 271 248 227 210 194 180 167 156 146 136 128 120 113 107 101 96 91 86 82 78 74 71 68 65 62 59 57 55 52 50 48 47 45 43 42 40 39 38 36
682 604 539 483 436 396 361 330 303 279 258 239 223 207 194 182 170 160 151 142 135 127 121 115 109 104 99 94 90 86 82 79 76 73 70 67 65 62 60 58 56 54 52 50 48
952 843 752 675 609 553 504 461 423 390 361 334 311 290 271 254 238 224 211 199 188 178 169 160 152 145 138 132 126 120 115 110 106 102 97 94 90 87 84 81 78 75 72 70 68
50
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE : G04 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 250 mm
Area : 4.9088E-2 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
1.7 1.8 1.91 2.01 2.12 2.23 2.33 2.44 2.54 2.65 2.76 2.86 2.97 3.07 3.18 3.29 3.39 3.5 3.61 3.71 3.82 3.92 4.03 4.14 4.24 4.35 4.45 4.56 4.67 4.77 4.88 4.98 5.09 5.2 5.3 5.41 5.51 5.62 5.73 5.83 5.94 6.04 6.15 6.26 6.36
1.18 1.25 1.33 1.4 1.47 1.55 1.62 1.69 1.76 1.84 1.92 1.99 2.06 2.13 2.21 2.28 2.35 2.43 2.51 2.58 2.65 2.72 2.8 2.88 2.94 3.02 3.09 3.17 3.24 3.31 3.39 3.46 3.53 3.61 3.68 3.76 3.83 3.9 3.98 4.05 4.13 4.19 4.27 4.35 4.42
689 610 544 489 441 400 364 333 306 282 261 242 225 210 196 184 172 162 153 144 136 129 122 116 110 105 100 95 91 87 83 80 77 73 71 68 65 63 60 58 56 54 52 51 49
918 813 725 651 587 533 485 444 408 376 348 322 300 279 261 244 229 216 203 192 181 172 163 154 147 140 133 127 121 116 111 106 102 98 94 90 87 84 81 78 75 72 70 67 65
1282 1135 1013 909 820 744 678 620 570 525 485 450 419 390 365 341 320 301 284 268 253 240 227 216 205 195 186 177 169 162 155 149 142 137 131 126 121 117 113 108 105 101 98 94 91
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required
51
TABLE : G05 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with pipe Running Full. Diameter: 300 mm
Area : 7.0686E-2 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
2.44 2.6 2.75 2.9 3.05 3.21 3.36 3.51 3.66 3.82 3.97 4.12 4.28 4.43 4.58 4.73 4.89 5.04 5.19 5.34 5.5 5.65 5.8 5.95 6.11 6.26 6.41 6.57 6.72 6.87 7.02 7.18 7.33 7.48 7.63 7.79 7.94 8.09 8.24 8.4 8.55 8.7 8.86 9.01 9.16
1.69 1.81 1.91 2.01 2.12 2.23 2.33 2.44 2.54 2.65 2.76 2.86 2.97 3.08 3.18 3.28 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.71 3.82 3.92 4.03 4.13 4.24 4.35 4.45 4.56 4.67 4.77 4.88 4.99 5.09 5.19 5.3 5.41 5.51 5.62 5.72 5.83 5.94 6.04 6.15 6.26 6.36
879 778 694 623 562 510 465 425 391 360 333 309 287 267 250 234 220 207 195 184 174 164 156 148 141 134 128 122 116 111 106 102 98 94 90 86 83 80 77 74 72 69 67 65 62
1170 1037 925 830 749 679 619 566 520 479 443 411 382 356 333 312 293 275 259 245 231 219 207 197 187 178 170 162 155 148 142 136 130 125 120 115 111 107 103 99 96 92 89 86 83
1634 1448 1291 1159 1046 949 865 791 726 669 619 574 534 498 465 435 409 384 362 342 323 306 290 275 262 249 237 226 216 207 198 189 182 174 167 161 155 149 143 138 133 129 124 120 116
52
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE : G06 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 350 mm
Area : 9.6211E-2 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
3.33 3.53 3.74 3.95 4.16 4.36 4.57 4.78 4.99 5.2 5.4 5.61 5.82 6.03 6.23 6.44 6.65 6.86 7.07 7.27 7.48 7.69 7.9 8.11 8.31 8.52 8.73 8.94 9.14 9.35 9.56 9.77 9.98 10.18 10.39 10.6 10.81 11.01 11.22 11.43 11.64 11.85 12.05 12.26 12.47
2.31 2.45 2.6 2.74 2.89 3.03 3.17 3.32 3.47 3.61 3.75 3.9 4.04 4.19 4.33 4.47 4.62 4.76 4.91 5.05 5.19 5.34 5.49 5.63 5.77 5.92 6.06 6.21 6.35 6.49 6.64 6.78 6.93 7.07 7.22 7.36 7.51 7.65 7.79 7.94 8.08 8.23 8.37 8.51 74.9956
1079 956 853 765 691 626 571 522 480 442 409 379 352 328 307 287 270 254 239 226 213 202 191 182 173 164 157 149 143 136 131 125 120 115 111 106 102 98 95 91 88 85 82 79 77
1437 1273 1136 1019 920 834 760 695 639 589 544 505 469 437 409 383 359 338 318 300 284 269 255 242 230 219 209 199 190 182 174 167 160 153 147 141 136 131 126 122 117 113 109 106 102
2007 1778 1586 1423 1285 1165 1062 971 892 822 760 705 655 611 571 535 502 472 445 419 397 375 356 338 321 306 291 278 265 254 243 233 223 214 206 198 190 183 176 170 164 158 153 148 143
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required
53
TABLE : G07 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full. Diameter: 400 mm Area : 0.1257 sqm Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
4.34 4.78 5.21 5.65 6.08 6.51 6.95 7.38 7.82 8.25 8.69 9.12 9.55 9.99 10.42 10.86 11.29 11.73 12.16 12.59 13.03 13.46 13.9 14.33 14.77 15.2 15.63 16.07 16.5 16.94 17.37 17.81 18.24 18.68 19.11 19.54 19.98 20.41 20.85 21.28 21.72 22.15 22.58 23.02 23.45
3.01 3.32 3.62 3.92 4.22 4.52 4.83 5.13 5.43 5.73 6.03 6.33 6.63 6.94 7.24 7.54 7.84 8.15 8.44 8.74 9.05 9.35 9.65 9.95 10.26 10.56 10.85 11.16 11.46 11.76 12.06 12.37 12.67 12.97 13.27 13.57 13.88 14.17 14.48 14.78 15.08 15.38 15.68 15.99 16.28
1289 1066 895 763 658 573 504 446 398 357 322 292 266 244 224 206 191 177 164 153 143 134 126 118 112 105 99 94 89 85 81 77 73 70 67 64 61 58 56 54 52 50 48 46 44
1717 1419 1192 1016 876 763 671 594 530 476 429 389 355 325 298 275 254 236 219 204 191 179 168 158 149 140 132 125 119 113 107 102 97 93 89 85 81 78 75 72 69 66 64 61 59
2398 1982 1666 1419 1224 1066 937 830 740 664 600 544 496 453 416 384 355 329 306 285 266 250 234 220 207 196 185 175 166 158 150 143 136 130 124 118 113 109 104 100 96 92 89 85 82
54
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE : G08 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 450 mm
Area : 0.1590 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
5.5 6.05 6.6 7.15 7.7 8.24 8.79 9.34 9.89 10.44 10.99 11.54 12.09 12.64 13.19 13.74 14.29 14.84 15.39 15.94 16.49 17.04 17.59 18.14 18.69 19.24 19.79 20.34 20.89 21.44 21.99 22.54 23.09 23.64 24.19 24.73 25.28 25.83 26.38 26.93 27.48 28.03 28.58 29.13 29.68
3.82 4.2 4.58 4.97 5.35 5.72 6.1 6.49 6.87 7.25 7.63 8.01 8.4 8.78 9.16 9.54 9.92 10.31 10.69 11.07 11.45 11.83 12.22 12.6 12.98 13.36 13.74 14.13 14.51 14.89 15.27 15.65 16.03 16.42 16.8 17.17 17.56 17.94 18.32 18.7 19.08 19.47 19.85 20.23 20.61
1509 1247 1048 893 770 671 589 522 466 418 377 342 312 285 262 241 223 207 192 179 168 157 147 139 131 123 116 110 104 99 94 90 86 82 78 75 71 68 65 63 60 58 56 54 52
2009 1660 1395 1189 1025 893 785 695 620 557 502 456 415 380 349 321 297 276 256 239 223 209 196 184 174 164 155 147 139 132 126 120 114 109 104 99 95 91 87 84 80 77 74 72 69
2806 2319 1949 1660 1432 1247 1096 971 866 777 702 636 580 530 487 449 415 385 358 334 312 292 274 258 243 229 217 205 194 184 175 167 159 152 145 139 133 127 122 117 112 108 104 100 96
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required
55
TABLE G09 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full. Diameter: 500 mm
Area : 0.1964 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
6.79 7.46 8.14 8.82 9.5 10.18 10.86 11.54 12.21 12.89 13.57 14.25 14.93 15.61 16.29 16.97 17.64 18.32 19 19.68 20.36 21.04 21.72 22.39 23.07 23.75 24.43 25.11 25.79 26.47 27.14 27.82 28.5 29.18 29.86 30.54 31.22 31.89 32.57 33.25 33.93 34.61 35.29 35.97 36.64
4.72 5.18 5.65 6.13 6.6 7.07 7.54 8.01 8.48 8.95 9.42 9.9 10.37 10.84 11.31 11.78 12.25 12.72 13.19 13.67 14.14 14.61 15.08 15.55 16.02 16.49 16.97 17.44 17.91 18.38 18.85 19.32 19.79 20.26 20.74 21.21 21.68 22.15 22.62 23.09 23.56 24.03 24.51 24.98 25.44
1736 1435 1206 1027 886 772 678 601 536 481 434 394 359 328 301 278 257 238 221 206 193 181 170 159 150 142 134 127 120 114 109 103 98 94 90 86 82 79 75 72 69 67 64 62 60
2312 1911 1606 1368 1180 1028 903 800 714 640 578 524 478 437 401 370 342 317 295 275 257 241 226 212 200 189 178 169 160 152 145 138 131 125 119 114 109 105 100 96 92 89 86 82 79
3229 2669 2243 1911 1648 1435 1261 1117 997 895 807 732 667 610 561 517 478 443 412 384 359 336 315 297 279 264 249 236 224 212 202 192 183 175 167 159 153 146 140 134 129 124 119 115 111
56
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G10 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 550 mm
Area :0.2376 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
8.21 9.03 9.85 10.67 11.5 12.32 13.14 13.96 14.78 15.6 16.42 17.24 18.06 18.89 19.71 20.53 21.35 22.17 22.99 23.81 24.63 25.45 26.28 27.1 27.92 28.74 29.56 30.38 31.2 32.02 32.84 33.67 34.49 35.31 36.13 36.95 37.77 38.59 39.41 40.23 41.06 41.88 42.7 43.52 44.34
5.7 6.27 6.84 7.41 7.99 8.56 9.13 9.69 10.26 10.83 11.4 11.97 12.54 13.12 13.69 14.26 14.83 15.4 15.97 16.53 17.1 17.67 18.25 18.82 19.39 19.96 20.53 21.1 21.67 22.24 22.81 23.38 23.95 24.52 25.09 25.66 26.23 26.8 27.37 27.94 28.51 29.08 29.65 30.22 30.79
1972 1629 1369 1167 1006 876 770 682 608 546 493 447 407 373 342 315 292 270 251 234 219 205 193 181 171 161 152 144 137 130 123 117 112 107 102 97 93 89 86 82 79 76 73 70 68
2625 2170 1823 1553 1339 1167 1025 908 810 727 656 595 542 496 456 420 388 360 335 312 292 273 256 241 227 214 203 192 182 173 164 156 149 142 136 130 124 119 114 109 105 101 97 93 90
3667 3030 2546 2170 1871 1630 1432 1269 1132 1016 917 831 758 693 637 587 542 503 468 436 407 382 358 337 317 299 283 268 254 241 229 218 208 198 189 181 173 166 159 153 147 141 136 131 126
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
57
G11 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 600 mm
Area : 0.2827 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
9.77 10.75 11.73 12.7 13.68 14.66 15.63 16.61 17.59 18.57 19.54 20.52 21.5 22.48 23.45 24.43 25.41 26.38 27.36 28.34 29.32 30.29 31.27 32.25 33.22 34.2 35.18 36.16 37.13 38.11 39.09 40.06 41.04 42.02 43 43.97 44.95 45.93 46.9 47.88 48.86 49.84 50.81 51.79 52.77
6.78 7.47 8.15 8.82 9.5 10.18 10.85 11.53 12.22 12.9 13.57 14.25 14.93 15.61 16.28 16.97 17.65 18.32 19 19.68 20.36 21.03 21.72 22.4 23.07 23.75 24.43 25.11 25.78 26.47 27.15 27.82 28.5 29.18 29.86 30.53 31.22 31.9 32.57 33.25 33.93 34.61 35.28 35.97 36.65
2214 1830 1538 1310 1130 984 865 766 683 613 554 502 457 419 384 354 328 304 282 263 246 230 216 203 192 181 171 162 153 146 138 132 126 120 114 109 105 100 96 92 89 85 82 79 76
2948 2436 2047 1744 1504 1310 1152 1020 910 817 737 668 609 557 512 472 436 404 376 351 328 307 288 271 255 241 227 215 204 194 184 175 167 159 152 146 139 133 128 123 118 113 109 105 101
4118 3403 2860 2436 2101 1830 1608 1425 1271 1141 1029 934 851 778 715 659 609 565 525 490 458 428 402 378 356 336 318 301 285 271 257 245 233 223 213 203 195 186 179 171 165 158 152 147 141
58
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G12 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 650 mm
Area : 0.3318 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
11.47 12.62 13.76 14.91 16.06 17.2 18.35 19.5 20.64 21.79 22.94 24.08 25.23 26.38 27.52 28.67 29.82 30.96 32.11 33.26 34.41 35.55 36.7 37.85 38.99 40.14 41.29 42.43 43.58 44.73 45.87 47.02 48.17 49.31 50.46 51.61 52.75 53.9 55.05 56.19 57.34 58.49 59.64 60.78 61.93
7.97 8.76 9.56 10.35 11.15 11.94 12.74 13.54 14.33 15.13 15.93 16.72 17.52 18.32 19.11 19.91 20.71 21.5 22.3 23.1 23.9 24.69 25.49 26.28 27.08 27.88 28.67 29.47 30.26 31.06 31.85 32.65 33.45 34.24 35.04 35.84 36.63 37.43 38.23 39.02 39.82 40.62 41.42 42.21 43.01
2463 2036 1711 1458 1257 1095 962 852 760 682 616 559 509 466 428 394 364 338 314 293 274 256 241 226 213 201 190 180 171 162 154 147 140 133 127 122 116 112 107 103 99 95 91 88 84
3280 2711 2278 1941 1673 1458 1281 1135 1012 909 820 744 678 620 569 525 485 450 418 390 364 341 320 301 284 268 253 240 227 216 205 195 186 177 169 162 155 148 142 137 131 126 121 117 112
4581 3786 3181 2711 2337 2036 1790 1585 1414 1269 1145 1039 947 866 795 733 678 628 584 545 509 477 447 421 396 374 353 335 317 301 286 273 260 248 237 226 217 207 199 191 183 176 169 163 157
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
59
G13 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 700 mm
Area : 0.3848 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
13.3 14.63 15.96 17.29 18.62 19.95 21.28 22.61 23.94 25.27 26.6 27.93 29.26 30.59 31.92 33.25 34.58 35.91 37.24 38.57 39.9 41.23 42.56 43.89 45.22 46.55 47.88 49.21 50.54 51.87 53.2 54.53 55.86 57.19 58.52 59.85 61.18 62.51 63.84 65.17 66.5 67.83 69.16 70.49 71.82
9.24 10.16 11.08 12.01 12.93 13.85 14.78 15.7 16.63 17.55 18.47 19.4 20.32 21.24 22.17 23.09 24.01 24.94 25.86 26.78 27.71 28.63 29.56 30.48 31.4 32.33 33.25 34.17 35.1 36.02 36.94 37.87 38.79 39.72 40.64 41.56 42.49 43.41 44.33 45.26 46.18 47.1 48.03 48.95 49.88
2719 2247 1888 1609 1387 1209 1062 941 839 753 680 617 562 514 472 435 402 373 347 323 302 283 266 250 235 222 210 199 188 179 170 162 154 147 140 134 129 123 118 113 109 105 101 97 93
3621 2992 2514 2142 1847 1609 1414 1253 1117 1003 905 821 748 684 629 579 536 497 462 431 402 377 354 332 313 296 279 264 251 238 226 215 205 196 187 179 171 164 157 151 145 139 134 129 124
5057 4179 3512 2992 2580 2248 1975 1750 1561 1401 1264 1147 1045 956 878 809 748 694 645 601 562 526 494 464 437 413 390 369 350 332 316 301 287 273 261 250 239 229 219 211 202 194 187 180 173
60
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE : G14
Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 750 mm
Area : 0.4418 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
15.27 16.8 18.32 19.85 21.38 22.9 24.43 25.96 27.48 29.01 30.54 32.06 33.59 35.12 36.64 38.17 39.7 41.22 42.75 44.28 45.81 47.33 48.86 50.39 51.91 53.44 54.97 56.49 58.02 59.55 61.07 62.6 64.13 65.65 67.18 68.71 70.24 71.76 73.29 74.82 76.34 77.87 79.4 80.92 82.45
10.6 11.67 12.72 13.78 14.85 15.9 16.97 18.03 19.08 20.15 21.21 22.26 23.33 24.39 25.44 26.51 27.57 28.63 29.69 30.75 31.81 32.87 33.93 34.99 36.05 37.11 38.17 39.23 40.29 41.35 42.41 43.47 44.53 45.59 46.65 47.72 48.78 49.83 50.9 51.96 53.01 54.08 55.14 56.19 57.26
2981 2464 2070 1764 1521 1325 1165 1032 920 826 745 676 616 564 518 477 441 409 380 354 331 310 291 274 258 243 230 218 206 196 186 177 169 161 154 147 141 135 129 124 119 115 110 106 102
3969 3280 2756 2349 2025 1764 1551 1373 1225 1100 992 900 820 750 689 635 587 544 506 472 441 413 388 364 343 324 306 290 275 261 248 236 225 215 205 196 188 180 172 165 159 153 147 141 136
5544 4582 3850 3281 2829 2464 2166 1918 1711 1536 1386 1257 1145 1048 963 887 820 761 707 659 616 577 541 509 480 453 428 405 384 365 347 330 314 300 286 274 262 251 241 231 222 213 205 197 190
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE : G15
61
Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 800 mm
Area : 0.5027 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
17.37 19.11 20.85 22.58 24.32 26.06 27.8 29.53 31.27 33.01 34.74 36.48 38.22 39.96 41.69 43.43 45.17 46.9 48.64 50.38 52.12 53.85 55.59 57.33 59.07 60.8 62.54 64.28 66.01 67.75 69.49 71.23 72.96 74.7 76.44 78.17 79.91 81.65 83.39 85.12 86.86 88.6 90.34 92.07 93.81
12.06 13.27 14.48 15.68 16.89 18.1 19.31 20.51 21.72 22.92 24.13 25.33 26.54 27.75 28.95 30.16 31.37 32.57 33.78 34.99 36.19 37.4 38.6 39.81 41.02 42.22 43.43 44.64 45.84 47.05 48.26 49.47 50.67 51.88 53.08 54.28 55.49 56.7 57.91 59.11 60.32 61.53 62.74 63.94 65.15
3249 2685 2256 1923 1658 1444 1269 1124 1003 900 812 737 671 614 564 520 481 446 414 386 361 338 317 298 281 265 251 237 225 214 203 193 184 176 168 160 154 147 141 135 130 125 120 116 111
4326 3575 3004 2560 2207 1923 1690 1497 1335 1198 1081 981 894 818 751 692 640 593 552 514 481 450 422 397 374 353 334 316 300 284 270 257 245 234 223 214 204 196 188 180 173 166 160 154 148
6042 4994 4196 3575 3083 2685 2360 2091 1865 1674 1511 1370 1248 1142 1049 967 894 829 771 718 671 629 590 555 523 493 466 441 418 397 378 359 343 327 312 298 286 274 262 252 242 232 223 215 207
62
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G16 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 850 mm
Area : 0.5674 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
19.61 21.57 23.53 25.5 27.46 29.42 31.38 33.34 35.3 37.26 39.22 41.18 43.15 45.11 47.07 49.03 50.99 52.95 54.91 56.87 58.83 60.8 62.76 64.72 66.68 68.64 70.6 72.56 74.52 76.49 78.45 80.41 82.37 84.33 86.29 88.25 90.21 92.17 94.14 96.1 98.06 100.02 101.98 103.94 105.9
13.62 14.98 16.34 17.71 19.07 20.43 21.79 23.15 24.51 25.88 27.24 28.6 29.97 31.33 32.69 34.05 35.41 36.77 38.13 39.49 40.85 42.22 43.58 44.94 46.31 47.67 49.03 50.39 51.75 53.12 54.48 55.84 57.2 58.56 59.92 61.28 62.65 64.01 65.38 66.74 68.1 69.46 70.82 72.18 73.54
3523 2911 2446 2084 1797 1566 1376 1219 1087 976 881 799 728 666 612 564 521 483 449 419 391 367 344 323 305 288 272 257 244 232 220 210 200 191 182 174 166 159 153 147 141 135 130 125 121
4690 3876 3257 2775 2393 2084 1832 1623 1448 1299 1173 1064 969 887 814 750 694 643 598 558 521 488 458 431 406 383 362 343 325 308 293 279 266 254 242 232 222 212 204 195 188 180 173 167 161
6551 5414 4549 3876 3342 2911 2559 2267 2022 1815 1638 1485 1353 1238 1137 1048 969 899 836 779 728 682 640 602 567 535 505 479 454 431 409 390 371 354 338 323 310 297 284 273 262 252 242 233 225
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
63
G17 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 900 mm
Area : 0.6362 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
21.99 24.19 26.38 28.58 30.78 32.98 35.18 37.38 39.58 41.77 43.97 46.17 48.37 50.57 52.77 54.97 57.17 59.36 61.56 63.76 65.96 68.16 70.36 72.56 74.75 76.95 79.15 81.35 83.55 85.75 87.95 90.15 92.34 94.54 96.74 98.94 101.14 103.34 105.54 107.73 109.93 112.13 114.33 116.53 118.73
15.27 16.8 18.32 19.85 21.38 22.9 24.43 25.96 27.49 29.01 30.53 32.06 33.59 35.12 36.65 38.17 39.7 41.22 42.75 44.28 45.81 47.33 48.86 50.39 51.91 53.44 54.97 56.49 58.02 59.55 61.08 62.6 64.13 65.65 67.18 68.71 70.24 71.76 73.29 74.81 76.34 77.87 79.4 80.92 82.45
3802 3142 2640 2249 1940 1690 1485 1315 1173 1053 950 862 785 719 660 608 562 521 485 452 422 396 371 349 329 310 293 278 263 250 238 226 216 206 196 188 180 172 165 158 152 146 141 135 130
5061 4183 3515 2995 2582 2249 1977 1751 1562 1402 1265 1148 1046 957 879 810 749 694 646 602 562 527 494 465 438 413 391 370 351 333 316 301 287 274 261 250 239 229 220 211 202 195 187 180 174
7069 5842 4909 4183 3607 3142 2761 2446 2182 1958 1767 1603 1461 1336 1227 1131 1046 970 902 841 785 736 690 649 612 577 545 516 490 465 442 421 401 382 365 349 334 320 307 294 283 272 261 252 242
64
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G18 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 950 mm
Area : 0.7088 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
24.5 26.95 29.4 31.85 34.3 36.75 39.2 41.65 44.1 46.55 48.99 51.44 53.89 56.34 58.79 61.24 63.69 66.14 68.59 71.04 73.49 75.94 78.39 80.84 83.29 85.74 88.19 90.64 93.09 95.54 97.99 100.44 102.89 105.34 107.79 110.24 112.69 115.14 117.59 120.04 122.49 124.94 127.39 129.84 132.29
17.01 18.72 20.42 22.12 23.82 25.52 27.22 28.92 30.63 32.33 34.02 35.72 37.42 39.13 40.83 42.53 44.23 45.93 47.63 49.33 51.03 52.74 54.44 56.14 57.84 59.54 61.24 62.94 64.65 66.35 68.05 69.75 71.45 73.15 74.85 76.56 78.26 79.96 81.66 83.36 85.06 86.76 88.47 90.17 91.87
4086 3377 2837 2418 2085 1816 1596 1414 1261 1132 1021 926 844 772 709 654 604 560 521 486 454 425 399 375 353 334 315 298 283 269 255 243 232 221 211 202 193 185 177 170 163 157 151 145 140
5440 4496 3778 3219 2775 2418 2125 1882 1679 1507 1360 1233 1124 1028 944 870 805 746 694 647 604 566 531 500 471 444 420 397 377 358 340 324 308 294 281 269 257 246 236 227 218 209 201 194 187
7598 6279 5276 4496 3876 3377 2968 2629 2345 2105 1899 1723 1570 1436 1319 1216 1124 1042 969 903 844 791 742 698 657 620 586 555 526 500 475 452 431 411 392 375 359 344 330 316 304 292 281 270 261
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
65
G19 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1000 mm
Area : 0.7854 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
27.14 29.86 32.57 35.29 38 40.72 43.43 46.14 48.86 51.57 54.29 57 59.72 62.43 65.15 67.86 70.57 73.29 76 78.72 81.43 84.15 86.86 89.58 92.29 95 97.72 100.43 103.15 105.86 108.58 111.29 114 116.72 119.43 122.15 124.86 127.58 130.29 133.01 135.72 138.43 141.15 143.86 146.58
18.85 20.74 22.62 24.51 26.39 28.28 30.16 32.04 33.93 35.81 37.7 39.58 41.47 43.35 45.24 47.13 49.01 50.9 52.78 54.67 56.55 58.44 60.32 62.21 64.09 65.97 67.86 69.74 71.63 73.51 75.4 77.28 79.17 81.06 82.94 84.83 86.71 88.6 90.48 92.37 94.25 96.13 98.02 99.9 101.79
4375 3616 3038 2589 2232 1944 1709 1514 1350 1212 1094 992 904 827 760 700 647 600 558 520 486 455 427 402 378 357 338 320 303 288 273 260 248 237 226 216 207 198 190 182 175 168 162 156 150
5825 4814 4045 3446 2972 2589 2275 2015 1798 1613 1456 1321 1203 1101 1011 932 862 799 743 693 647 606 569 535 504 475 449 425 403 383 364 346 330 315 301 288 275 264 253 243 233 224 215 207 200
8135 6723 5650 4814 4151 3616 3178 2815 2511 2254 2034 1845 1681 1538 1412 1302 1203 1116 1038 967 904 847 794 747 704 664 628 594 563 535 508 484 461 440 420 402 384 368 353 339 325 313 301 290 279
66
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G20 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1100 mm
Area : 0.9503 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
32.84 36.13 39.41 42.7 45.98 49.27 52.55 55.84 59.12 62.4 65.69 68.97 72.26 75.54 78.83 82.11 85.4 88.68 91.96 95.25 98.53 101.82 105.1 108.39 111.67 114.95 118.24 121.52 124.81 128.09 131.38 134.66 137.95 141.23 144.51 147.8 151.08 154.37 157.65 160.94 164.22 167.51 170.79 174.07 177.36
22.81 25.09 27.37 29.65 31.93 34.22 36.49 38.78 41.06 43.33 45.62 47.9 50.18 52.46 54.74 57.02 59.31 61.58 63.86 66.15 68.42 70.71 72.99 75.27 77.55 79.83 82.11 84.39 86.67 88.95 91.24 93.51 95.8 98.08 100.35 102.64 104.92 107.2 109.48 111.76 114.04 116.33 118.6 120.88 123.17
4968 4106 3450 2940 2535 2208 1941 1719 1533 1376 1242 1126 1026 939 862 795 735 681 634 591 552 517 485 456 430 406 383 363 344 327 310 296 282 269 257 245 235 225 216 207 199 191 184 177 170
6614 5466 4593 3913 3374 2939 2583 2288 2041 1832 1653 1500 1366 1250 1148 1058 978 907 844 786 735 688 646 607 572 540 510 483 458 435 413 393 375 358 342 327 313 299 287 275 265 254 245 235 227
9237 7634 6415 5466 4713 4106 3608 3196 2851 2559 2309 2095 1909 1746 1604 1478 1366 1267 1178 1098 1026 961 902 848 799 754 713 675 640 607 577 550 524 500 477 456 437 418 401 385 369 355 342 329 317
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
67
G21 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1200 mm
Area :1.1310 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.44 0.48 0.52 0.56 0.6 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.8 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.96 1 1.04 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.2 1.24 1.28 1.32 1.36 1.4 1.44 1.48 1.52 1.56 1.6 1.64 1.68 1.72 1.76 1.8 1.84 1.88 1.92 1.96 2 2.04 2.08 2.12 2.16
39.09 43 46.9 50.81 54.72 58.63 62.54 66.45 70.36 74.27 78.17 82.08 85.99 89.9 93.81 97.72 101.63 105.54 109.44 113.35 117.26 121.17 125.08 128.99 132.9 136.81 140.71 144.62 148.53 152.44 156.35 160.26 164.17 168.08 171.98 175.89 179.8 183.71 187.62 191.53 195.44 199.35 203.25 207.16 211.07
27.15 29.86 32.57 35.28 38 40.72 43.43 46.15 48.86 51.58 54.28 57 59.72 62.43 65.15 67.86 70.58 73.29 76 78.72 81.43 84.15 86.86 89.58 92.29 95.01 97.72 100.43 103.15 105.86 108.58 111.29 114.01 116.72 119.43 122.15 124.86 127.58 130.29 133.01 135.72 138.44 141.15 143.86 146.58
5579 4611 3874 3301 2846 2479 2179 1930 1722 1545 1395 1265 1153 1055 969 893 825 765 712 663 620 581 545 512 483 455 430 408 386 367 349 332 316 302 288 275 264 253 242 232 223 214 206 199 191
7427 6138 5158 4395 3789 3301 2901 2570 2292 2057 1857 1684 1534 1404 1289 1188 1099 1019 947 883 825 773 725 682 642 606 573 543 514 488 464 442 421 402 384 367 351 336 322 309 297 286 275 264 255
10374 8573 7204 6138 5293 4610 4052 3589 3202 2874 2593 2352 2143 1961 1801 1660 1535 1423 1323 1233 1153 1079 1013 953 897 847 800 758 718 682 648 617 588 561 536 512 490 470 450 432 415 399 384 369 356
68
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G22 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1300 mm
Area : 1.3273 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.43 0.46 0.49 0.52 0.55 0.58 0.61 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.73 0.76 0.79 0.82 0.85 0.88 0.91 0.94 0.97 1 1.03 1.06 1.09 1.12 1.15 1.18 1.21 1.24 1.27 1.3 1.33 1.36 1.39 1.42 1.45 1.48 1.51 1.54 1.57 1.6 1.63 1.66 1.69 1.72
45.87 49.31 52.75 56.19 59.64 63.08 66.52 69.96 73.4 76.84 80.28 83.72 87.16 90.6 94.04 97.48 100.92 104.36 107.8 111.24 114.68 118.12 121.56 125 128.45 131.89 135.33 138.77 142.21 145.65 149.09 152.53 155.97 159.41 162.85 166.29 169.73 173.17 176.61 180.05 183.49 186.93 190.37 193.81 197.26
31.85 34.24 36.63 39.02 41.42 43.81 46.19 48.58 50.97 53.36 55.75 58.14 60.53 62.92 65.31 67.69 70.08 72.47 74.86 77.25 79.64 82.03 84.42 86.81 89.2 91.59 93.98 96.37 98.76 101.15 103.53 105.92 108.31 110.7 113.09 115.48 117.87 120.26 122.65 125.03 127.42 129.81 132.2 134.59 136.99
6207 5371 4694 4136 3673 3283 2952 2669 2425 2212 2027 1864 1719 1591 1477 1375 1282 1199 1124 1056 993 936 884 836 792 751 713 678 646 616 588 561 537 514 493 472 453 436 419 403 388 374 360 348 336
8263 7150 6248 5507 4889 4371 3930 3553 3228 2945 2698 2481 2289 2118 1966 1830 1707 1597 1496 1405 1322 1246 1177 1113 1054 1000 950 903 860 820 782 747 715 684 656 629 604 580 557 536 516 498 480 463 447
11542 9987 8727 7691 6829 6105 5489 4963 4508 4114 3769 3465 3197 2959 2746 2556 2385 2230 2090 1963 1847 1741 1644 1554 1472 1396 1326 1261 1201 1145 1093 1044 998 956 916 878 843 810 779 749 721 695 670 647 624
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
69
G23 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1400 mm
Area : 1.5394 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.43 0.46 0.49 0.52 0.55 0.58 0.61 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.73 0.76 0.79 0.82 0.85 0.88 0.91 0.94 0.97 1 1.03 1.06 1.09 1.12 1.15 1.18 1.21 1.24 1.27 1.3 1.33 1.36 1.39 1.42 1.45 1.48 1.51 1.54 1.57 1.6 1.63 1.66 1.69 1.72
53.2 57.19 61.18 65.17 69.16 73.15 77.14 81.13 85.12 89.11 93.1 97.09 101.08 105.07 109.06 113.05 117.04 121.04 125.03 129.02 133.01 137 140.99 144.98 148.97 152.96 156.95 160.94 164.93 168.92 172.91 176.9 180.89 184.88 188.87 192.86 196.85 200.84 204.83 208.82 212.81 216.8 220.79 224.78 228.77
36.94 39.72 42.49 45.26 48.03 50.8 53.57 56.34 59.11 61.88 64.65 67.42 70.19 72.97 75.74 78.51 81.28 84.06 86.83 89.6 92.37 95.14 97.91 100.68 103.45 106.22 108.99 111.76 114.53 117.31 120.08 122.85 125.62 128.39 131.16 133.93 136.7 139.47 142.24 145.01 147.78 150.56 153.33 156.1 158.87
6852 5929 5181 4566 4054 3624 3259 2946 2676 2442 2237 2057 1898 1757 1630 1517 1416 1324 1241 1165 1096 1033 976 923 874 829 787 749 713 680 649 620 593 567 544 521 500 481 462 445 428 413 398 384 371
9121 7893 6897 6078 5397 4824 4338 3922 3563 3251 2978 2739 2527 2338 2170 2020 1885 1762 1652 1551 1459 1376 1299 1228 1163 1104 1048 997 949 905 864 825 789 755 724 694 666 640 615 592 570 549 530 511 493
12740 11024 9633 8490 7538 6738 6059 5478 4977 4541 4160 3825 3529 3266 3032 2821 2632 2462 2307 2166 2038 1921 1814 1716 1625 1541 1464 1392 1326 1264 1206 1152 1102 1055 1011 970 931 894 859 827 796 767 740 714 689
70
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G24 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1500 mm
Area : 1.7672 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.43 0.46 0.49 0.52 0.55 0.58 0.61 0.64 0.67 0.7 0.73 0.76 0.79 0.82 0.85 0.88 0.91 0.94 0.97 1 1.03 1.06 1.09 1.12 1.15 1.18 1.21 1.24 1.27 1.3 1.33 1.36 1.39 1.42 1.45 1.48 1.51 1.54 1.57 1.6 1.63 1.66 1.69 1.72
61.07 65.65 70.24 74.82 79.4 83.98 88.56 93.14 97.72 102.3 106.88 111.46 116.04 120.62 125.2 129.78 134.36 138.94 143.52 148.1 152.69 157.27 161.85 166.43 171.01 175.59 180.17 184.75 189.33 193.91 198.49 203.07 207.65 212.23 216.81 221.39 225.97 230.55 235.13 239.72 244.3 248.88 253.46 258.04 262.62
42.41 45.59 48.78 51.96 55.14 58.32 61.5 64.68 67.86 71.04 74.22 77.4 80.58 83.76 86.94 90.13 93.31 96.49 99.67 102.85 106.03 109.22 112.4 115.58 118.76 121.94 125.12 128.3 131.48 134.66 137.84 141.02 144.2 147.38 150.56 153.74 156.92 160.1 163.28 166.47 169.65 172.83 176.01 179.19 182.38
7512 6500 5680 5006 4445 3973 3573 3230 2934 2677 2453 2255 2081 1926 1788 1664 1552 1451 1360 1277 1202 1133 1070 1012 958 909 863 821 782 745 711 679 650 622 596 572 549 527 507 488 470 452 436 421 406
10000 8653 7561 6664 5917 5289 4756 4300 3906 3564 3265 3002 2770 2564 2379 2214 2066 1932 1811 1700 1600 1508 1424 1347 1275 1210 1149 1093 1041 992 947 904 865 828 793 761 730 702 675 649 625 602 581 560 541
13967 12086 10561 9308 8265 7388 6643 6006 5456 4978 4561 4194 3869 3581 3324 3093 2886 2699 2529 2375 2235 2106 1989 1881 1782 1690 1605 1526 1453 1386 1322 1263 1208 1157 1108 1063 1020 980 942 907 873 841 811 782 755
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
71
G25 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1600 mm
Area : 2.0106 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
69.49 73.83 78.17 82.52 86.86 91.2 95.55 99.89 104.23 108.58 112.92 117.26 121.61 125.95 130.29 134.63 138.98 143.32 147.66 152.01 156.35 160.69 165.04 169.38 173.72 178.06 182.41 186.75 191.09 195.44 199.78 204.12 208.47 212.81 217.15 221.5 225.84 230.18 234.52 238.87 243.21 247.55 251.9 256.24 260.58
48.26 51.27 54.28 57.31 60.32 63.33 66.35 69.37 72.38 75.4 78.42 81.43 84.45 87.47 90.48 93.49 96.51 99.53 102.54 105.56 108.58 111.59 114.61 117.63 120.64 123.65 126.67 129.69 132.7 135.72 138.74 141.75 144.77 147.78 150.8 153.82 156.83 159.85 162.86 165.88 168.9 171.91 174.93 177.94 180.96
8187 7252 6469 5806 5240 4753 4330 3962 3639 3353 3100 2875 2673 2492 2329 2181 2047 1925 1813 1711 1617 1531 1451 1378 1310 1247 1188 1134 1083 1035 990 949 910 873 838 806 775 746 719 693 668 645 623 602 582
10898 9654 8611 7728 6975 6326 5764 5274 4844 4464 4127 3827 3559 3317 3100 2903 2725 2562 2413 2277 2153 2038 1932 1834 1744 1660 1582 1509 1441 1378 1318 1263 1211 1162 1116 1073 1032 993 957 922 890 859 829 801 775
15222 13484 12027 10794 9742 8836 8051 7366 6765 6235 5765 5345 4970 4634 4330 4055 3805 3578 3371 3181 3007 2846 2699 2562 2436 2318 2209 2108 2013 1924 1842 1764 1691 1623 1559 1498 1441 1387 1336 1288 1243 1199 1158 1119 1082
72
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G26 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1700 mm
Area : 2.2698 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
78.45 83.35 88.25 93.15 98.06 102.96 107.86 112.77 117.67 122.57 127.48 132.38 137.28 142.18 147.09 151.99 156.89 161.8 166.7 171.6 176.5 181.41 186.31 191.21 196.12 201.02 205.92 210.82 215.73 220.63 225.53 230.44 235.34 240.24 245.14 250.05 254.95 259.85 264.76 269.66 274.56 279.46 284.37 289.27 294.17
54.48 57.88 61.28 64.69 68.1 71.5 74.9 78.31 81.72 85.12 88.53 91.93 95.33 98.74 102.15 105.55 108.95 112.36 115.76 119.17 122.57 125.98 129.38 132.78 136.19 139.6 143 146.4 149.81 153.22 156.62 160.03 163.43 166.83 170.24 173.65 177.05 180.45 183.86 187.26 190.67 194.07 197.48 200.88 204.28
8876 7863 7013 6295 5681 5153 4695 4296 3945 3636 3361 3117 2898 2702 2525 2365 2219 2087 1966 1855 1753 1660 1574 1494 1420 1352 1288 1229 1174 1122 1074 1029 986 946 909 874 840 809 779 751 725 699 675 653 631
11815 10466 9336 8379 7562 6859 6249 5718 5251 4840 4474 4149 3858 3597 3361 3148 2954 2778 2617 2469 2334 2209 2095 1989 1890 1799 1715 1636 1562 1494 1429 1369 1313 1260 1210 1163 1119 1077 1037 1000 965 931 899 869 840
16503 14619 13039 11703 10562 9580 8729 7986 7335 6760 6250 5795 5389 5024 4694 4396 4126 3880 3655 3449 3260 3086 2926 2778 2640 2513 2395 2285 2182 2086 1997 1913 1834 1760 1690 1624 1562 1504 1449 1397 1347 1300 1256 1214 1174
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
73
G27 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1800 mm
Area : 2.5447 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
87.95 93.44 98.94 104.44 109.93 115.43 120.93 126.42 131.92 137.42 142.91 148.41 153.91 159.4 164.9 170.4 175.89 181.39 186.89 192.38 197.88 203.38 208.87 214.37 219.87 225.36 230.86 236.36 241.85 247.35 252.85 258.34 263.84 269.34 274.83 280.33 285.83 291.32 296.82 302.32 307.81 313.31 318.81 324.3 329.8
61.08 64.89 68.71 72.53 76.34 80.16 83.98 87.79 91.61 95.43 99.24 103.06 106.88 110.69 114.51 118.33 122.15 125.97 129.78 133.6 137.42 141.24 145.05 148.87 152.69 156.5 160.32 164.14 167.95 171.77 175.59 179.4 183.22 187.04 190.85 194.67 198.49 202.31 206.13 209.94 213.76 217.58 221.4 225.21 229.03
9579 8485 7569 6793 6131 5561 5067 4636 4257 3924 3628 3364 3128 2916 2725 2552 2395 2252 2121 2002 1892 1791 1698 1612 1533 1459 1390 1326 1267 1211 1159 1110 1064 1021 981 943 907 873 841 811 782 755 729 704 681
12751 11295 10075 9042 8161 7402 6744 6171 5667 5223 4829 4478 4164 3881 3627 3397 3188 2997 2824 2665 2519 2384 2261 2146 2040 1942 1850 1765 1686 1612 1543 1478 1417 1360 1306 1255 1207 1162 1119 1079 1041 1005 970 938 907
17810 15776 14072 12630 11398 10338 9420 8619 7915 7295 6744 6254 5815 5421 5066 4744 4452 4187 3944 3722 3518 3330 3157 2998 2850 2712 2585 2466 2355 2251 2155 2064 1979 1899 1824 1753 1686 1623 1564 1507 1454 1403 1355 1310 1266
74
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines
TABLE :
G28 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 1900 mm
Area : 2.8353 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
97.99 104.11 110.24 116.36 122.49 128.61 134.74 140.86 146.98 153.11 159.23 165.36 171.48 177.61 183.73 189.86 195.98 202.1 208.23 214.35 220.48 226.6 232.73 238.85 244.97 251.1 257.22 263.35 269.47 275.6 281.72 287.85 293.97 300.09 306.22 312.34 318.47 324.59 330.72 336.84 342.96 349.09 355.21 361.34 367.46
68.05 72.3 76.56 80.81 85.06 89.31 93.57 97.82 102.07 106.33 110.58 114.83 119.08 123.34 127.59 131.85 136.1 140.35 144.6 148.85 153.11 157.36 161.62 165.87 170.12 174.38 178.63 182.88 187.13 191.39 195.64 199.9 204.15 208.4 212.65 216.9 221.16 225.41 229.67 233.92 238.17 242.42 246.67 250.93 255.18
10295 9120 8134 7301 6589 5976 5445 4982 4576 4217 3899 3615 3362 3134 2928 2743 2574 2420 2280 2151 2034 1925 1825 1733 1647 1568 1494 1425 1361 1302 1246 1193 1144 1098 1054 1013 975 938 904 871 840 811 783 757 732
13704 12139 10828 9718 8770 7955 7248 6632 6091 5613 5190 4812 4475 4171 3898 3651 3426 3221 3035 2864 2707 2563 2429 2306 2193 2087 1989 1897 1812 1732 1658 1588 1523 1461 1403 1349 1297 1249 1203 1160 1119 1080 1043 1008 974
19141 16955 15123 13573 12250 11111 10124 9263 8507 7840 7249 6722 6250 5826 5444 5099 4785 4500 4239 4000 3781 3579 3393 3222 3062 2915 2778 2650 2531 2420 2316 2218 2127 2041 1960 1884 1812 1744 1680 1620 1562 1508 1457 1408 1361
Pipes Flowing Full Under Gravity Tables for Discharge and Gradients Required TABLE :
75
G29 Velocity, Discharge and Gradients for different Values of Mannings n for Gravity Flow with Pipe Running Full.
Diameter: 2000 mm
Area : 3.1416 sqm
Velocity
Flow
Gradient : 1 : L
V, m/s
ML/d
kL/min
n = 0.015
n = 0.013
n = 0.011
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.4 0.425 0.45 0.475 0.5 0.525 0.55 0.575 0.6 0.625 0.65 0.675 0.7 0.725 0.75 0.775 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875 0.9 0.925 0.95 0.975 1 1.025 1.05 1.075 1.1 1.125 1.15 1.175 1.2 1.225 1.25 1.275 1.3 1.325 1.35 1.375 1.4 1.425 1.45 1.475 1.5
108.58 115.36 122.15 128.93 135.72 142.51 149.29 156.08 162.86 169.65 176.44 183.22 190.01 196.79 203.58 210.37 217.15 223.94 230.72 237.51 244.3 251.08 257.87 264.65 271.44 278.23 285.01 291.8 298.58 305.37 312.16 318.94 325.73 332.51 339.3 346.09 352.87 359.66 366.44 373.23 380.02 386.8 393.59 400.37 407.16
75.4 80.11 84.83 89.53 94.25 98.97 103.67 108.39 113.1 117.81 122.53 127.24 131.95 136.66 141.38 146.09 150.8 155.51 160.22 164.94 169.65 174.36 179.08 183.78 188.5 193.22 197.92 202.64 207.35 212.06 216.78 221.49 226.2 230.91 235.63 240.34 245.05 249.76 254.47 259.19 263.9 268.61 273.33 278.03 282.75
11024 9765 8710 7818 7055 6399 5831 5335 4900 4515 4175 3871 3600 3356 3136 2937 2756 2591 2441 2304 2178 2061 1954 1855 1764 1679 1600 1526 1458 1394 1334 1278 1225 1175 1129 1085 1044 1005 968 933 900 869 839 811 784
14674 12998 11594 10406 9391 8518 7761 7101 6522 6010 5557 5153 4791 4467 4174 3909 3668 3449 3250 3066 2898 2744 2601 2470 2348 2235 2129 2032 1940 1855 1775 1701 1630 1565 1503 1444 1389 1337 1288 1242 1198 1156 1117 1079 1043
20495 18155 16194 14534 13117 11897 10840 9918 9109 8395 7761 7197 6692 6239 5830 5460 5124 4818 4539 4283 4048 3833 3633 3450 3279 3121 2974 2838 2710 2591 2480 2375 2277 2185 2099 2017 1940 1868 1799 1734 1673 1615 1560 1507 1457
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SECTION-III Hydraulic Parameters of Pipes Flowing Partially Full
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Hydraulic Parameters of Pipes Flowing Partially Full
79
TABLE : PF01 Hydraulic Parameters of Partially Flowing Pipes, n constant dr = d/D
Angle
pr = p/P
ar = a/A
rr = r/R
vr = v/V
qr = q/Q
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
1.287 1.8546 2.3186 2.7389 3.1416 3.5443 3.9646 4.4286 4.9962 6.2832
0.2541 0.4824 0.6838 0.8569 1 1.1106 1.1849 1.2168 1.1921 1
0.4012 0.6151 0.7762 0.9022 1 1.0724 1.1198 1.1398 1.1243 1
0.2048 0.2952 0.369 0.4359 0.5 0.5641 0.6315 0.7048 0.7952 1
0.052 0.1424 0.2523 0.3735 0.5 0.6265 0.7477 0.8576 0.948 1
Notes : 1. Angle is given in radian (1 radian= 57.295 degree), 2. Small letters refer to partilly flowing section and capital letters refer to fully flowing section.
0.0209 0.0876 0.1958 0.337 0.5 0.6719 0.8373 0.9775 1.0658 1
80
Most Useful Hydraulic Design Tables for Pipe Lines, Sewers and Drainage Lines TABLE : PF02 Hydraulic Parameters of Partially Flowing Pipes, n constant
dr = d/D
Angle
pr = p/P
ar = a/A
rr = r/R
vr = v/V
qr = q/Q
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.3 0.32 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.4 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.5 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.6 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.68 0.7 0.72 0.74 0.76 0.78 0.8 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.9 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.98 1
1.287 1.415 1.534 1.6461 1.7526 1.8546 1.9528 2.0479 2.1403 2.2304 2.3186 2.4051 2.4901 2.574 2.6569 2.7389 2.8202 2.901 2.9814 3.0616 3.1416 3.2216 3.3018 3.3822 3.463 3.5443 3.6263 3.7092 3.7931 3.8781 3.9646 4.0528 4.1429 4.2353 4.3304 4.4286 4.5306 4.6371 4.7492 4.8682 4.9962 5.1362 5.2933 5.4778 5.7156 6.2832
0.2048 0.2252 0.2441 0.262 0.2789 0.2952 0.3108 0.3259 0.3406 0.355 0.369 0.3828 0.3963 0.4097 0.4229 0.4359 0.4488 0.4617 0.4745 0.4873 0.5 0.5127 0.5255 0.5383 0.5512 0.5641 0.5771 0.5903 0.6037 0.6172 0.631 0.645 0.6594 0.6741 0.6892 0.7048 0.7211 0.738 0.7559 0.7748 0.7952 0.8174 0.8425 0.8718 0.9097 1
0.052 0.068 0.0851 0.1033 0.1224 0.1424 0.1631 0.1846 0.2066 0.2292 0.2523 0.2759 0.2998 0.3241 0.3487 0.3735 0.3986 0.4238 0.4491 0.4746 0.5 0.5255 0.5509 0.5762 0.6014 0.6265 0.6513 0.6759 0.7002 0.7241 0.7477 0.7708 0.7934 0.8154 0.8369 0.8576 0.8776 0.8967 0.9149 0.932 0.948 0.9625 0.9755 0.9866 0.9952 1
0.2541 0.3018 0.3486 0.3942 0.4388 0.4824 0.5248 0.5662 0.6065 0.6457 0.6838 0.7207 0.7565 0.7911 0.8246 0.8569 0.888 0.9179 0.9465 0.9739 1 1.0248 1.0483 1.0705 1.0912 1.1106 1.1285 1.1449 1.1599 1.1732 1.1849 1.195 1.2033 1.2097 1.2143 1.2168 1.2171 1.215 1.2104 1.2029 1.1921 1.1775 1.1579 1.1316 1.0941 1
0.4012 0.4499 0.4953 0.5376 0.5774 0.6151 0.6506 0.6844 0.7165 0.747 0.7762 0.8038 0.8302 0.8554 0.8793 0.9022 0.9239 0.9445 0.964 0.9825 1 1.0165 1.0319 1.0465 1.0599 1.0724 1.0839 1.0944 1.1039 1.1124 1.1198 1.1261 1.1313 1.1353 1.1382 1.1398 1.14 1.1386 1.1358 1.1311 1.1243 1.1151 1.1027 1.0859 1.0618 1
0.0209 0.0306 0.0422 0.0555 0.0707 0.0876 0.1061 0.1263 0.148 0.1712 0.1958 0.2218 0.2489 0.2772 0.3066 0.337 0.3683 0.4003 0.4329 0.4663 0.5 0.5342 0.5685 0.603 0.6374 0.6719 0.7059 0.7397 0.773 0.8055 0.8373 0.868 0.8976 0.9257 0.9526 0.9775 1.0005 1.021 1.0391 1.0542 1.0658 1.0733 1.0757 1.0713 1.0567 1
Notes: 1. Angle is given in radian.(1 radian = 57.295 degree) 2. Small letters refer to partially flowing section of pipe and capital letters refer to fully flowing section of pipe.
Hydraulic Parameters of Pipes Flowing Partially Full
81
TABLE : PF03 Hydraulic Parameters of Partially Flowing Pipes, n variable dr = d/D
Angle
nr = n/N
ar = a/A
rr = r/R
vr = v/V
qr = q/Q
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
1.287 1.8546 2.3186 2.7389 3.1416 3.5443 3.9646 4.4286 4.9962 6.2832
0.2541 0.4824 0.6838 0.8569 1 1.1106 1.1849 1.2168 1.1921 1
0.3288 0.4843 0.6064 0.7104 0.8065 0.8863 0.9489 0.9998 1.0507 1
1.22 1.27 1.28 1.27 1.24 1.21 1.18 1.14 1.07 1
0.052 0.1424 0.2523 0.3735 0.5 0.6265 0.7477 0.8576 0.948 1
0.0171 0.069 0.153 0.2653 0.4033 0.5553 0.7095 0.8574 0.9961 1
Notes : 1. Angle is given in radian. (1 radian = 57.295 degree) 2. Small letters refer to partilly flowing section of pipe and capital letters refer to fully flowing section of pipe