History of the Celebration of the One Hundredth Anniversary of the Promulgation of the Constitution of the United States [2]

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HISTORY OF THE CELEBRATION OF THE

ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE PROMULGATION OF THE

Constitution of

Unite*

tijr

EDITED BY

HAMPTON L CARSON, SECRETARY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.

IN

TWO VOLUMES.

VOL.

II.

WITH ILLUSTRATIONS.

PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION AND BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE COMMISSION, BY J.

B.

LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA. 1889.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME

II.

PAGE

Civic

AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESSION, SEPTEMBER

DEN,

15, 1887.

REPORT OF A. LOUDON SNOW-

CHAIRMAN AND MARSHAL

i

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL

MILITARY DISPLAY, SEPTEMBER

16,

1887.

167

REPORT OF CLINTON

P.

PAINE, CHAIRMAN

OF THE MILITARY COMMITTEE

MEMORIAL DAY, CEREMONIES

IN

195

INDEPENDENCE SQUARE, SEPTEMBER

17,

1887

....

251

BREAKFAST TO THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES, BY THE BAR OF PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER

15,

303

1887

DINNER OF THE HIBERNIAN SOCIETY, SEPTEMBER

17,

1887

BANQUET GIVEN BY THE LEARNED SOCIETIES OF PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER

335 17,

1887

.

351

DINNER GIVEN BY THE CITIZENS OF PHILADELPHIA TO THE HON. JOHN A. KASSON, PRESIDENT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL CENTENNIAL COMMISSION, OCTOBER

13,

1887

.

415

PLANS FOR THE UNION OF THE BRITISH COLONIES OF NORTH AMERICA, 1643-1776. Compiled by Frederick D. Stone

INDEX

439 505

OF ILLUSTRATIONS TO VOLUME

LIST

Banner carried

and

Head

at the

of

Column of

Civic and In-

The

105

Pennsylvania Railroad Exhibit 21

The Pack

Order of Sons of America

"

22

The Passenger Packet

....

"

24

Laying the Track,

26

One

Company

Carpenters'

Printers'

" .

.

and Paper Makers'

"

Indians from Indian Territory

from

Carlisle

.

.

35

40

"

School .

" .

.

Stone-Masons' Exhibit

"

The Brickmakers

"

The Clay Assembly,

"

Brickmakers

The

53

Exhibit of the Baldwin Locomotive

54

60

"

6*

"

66

The Firemen

....

" "

Way,

United States Naval Exhibit

"

Painters' Exhibit

Present

52

66

Metal Works

The Conestoga Wagon,

50

The Plumbers' Exhibit

...

:

Facing 121

"

The Saw Makers' Exhibit

First

Pennsylvania Railroad Exhibit

The Concord Coach,

The Roofing Exhibit

Work

Boat,

Facing 119

America's

of

42

"

Doors, Sash, and Mill

Train,

The Old Way by Water,

Training-

The Lumbermen's Exchange

:

Locomotives, "

Exhibit

Indians

Textile Exhibit

"

Agricultural Machinery Exhibit

The

19

Order of Sons of America,

Valley Forge Patriotic

97

Eagle Facing

94

Float of the Knights of the Golden

Frontispiece.

.

dustrial Procession

Patriotic

United States Mint and Ice Exhibit. Facing

head of Civic

Industrial Procession

II.

58

Second

Floor,

.

.

.

Facing 125

Works

:

Hamilton

Street Shop,

Facing 131

Second

Floor,

Willow

Street Shop,

Modern

Locomotive

and Facing 133

72 79

Tender,

Sewing-Machine Exhibit and Brick-

making Machines

Facing 141

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TO VOLUME

Vlll

Photography

Facing 151

General Philip H. Sheridan

.

195

.

.

" The Atlanta," United States Navy

199

....

204

General Sheridan and Staff

The Boston Cadets Fifth

Officers

The

The Naval Contingent of

Four Hundred Ma-

Guards

Staff

207

Governor Beaver, of Pennsylvania,

Regiment

National

Butler

....

229

230

.

.

.

208

Rhode

209

Guards,

Guards

York

....

Regiment

232

National

New York

"

Governor of Ohio and Staff Uniform

Staff

New

Twenty-third

Governor Biggs, of Delaware, and

First

of

Virginia Contingent

Guards 206

General Hartranft and Staff

Privates

Twenty-second Regiment National

rines

and

228

and

Guards South Carolina

Pennsylvania

Battalion

Facing 226

Regiment National Guards

Maryland

Troop National Guards of

First City

II.

of

First

Island

"

.

Regiment

211

Battery A, National Guards Penn-

"j

National

Facing 235

Light Artillery,

Governor Larrabee, of Iowa, and

sylvania

Staff

Eighth Regiment National Guards

Facing 236

Ritchie Guards

214

Girard College Cadets

2 34

Sergeant of First Maine Battery

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania

2 33

22O

Third Regiment National Guards

trict

Facing 237

of Columbia,

Grand Army of the Republic

Memorial Day.

Governor Gordon, of Georgia, and

Virginia,

Washington Cadet Corps Dis-

Post 2,

New Jersey

West

238

Ceremonies in In-

dependence Square

"

251

Staff

224 First Governor's

necticut

Foot-Guards Con-

President Cleveland r.

Justice Miller

"

"

259

262

.

225

Chief- Justice Waite

"

312

Plan of Formation of Military Parade

Facing 248 Plan of Platform in Independence Square Plan of the Banquet-Table at the

Academy

" of Music

"

252

360

ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE

PROMULGATION OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE

UNITKD STATKS. CIVIC

AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESSION, SEPTEMBER

REPORT OF

A.

15, 1887.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEE AND MARSHAL.

HON. JOHN A. KASSON, President of the Constitutional Centennial Commission:

DEAR creation sional

SIR,

In

making my

final

report as requested on the

and organization of the Civic and

Display of September

15,

1887, which

Industrial

Proces-

was intended

in

part to celebrate the centennial anniversary of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States, and which report will

remain as an enduring official record of that event, it is proper that I should begin by giving the correspondence that created the official relation between the Constitutional Centennial Commission and myself, which was as follows VOL.

II.

2

:

CIVIC

2

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

CONSTITUTIONAL CENTENNIAL COMMISSION, No. 907

WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA, June

15,

1887.

COLONEL A. LOUDON SNOWDEN:

DEAR

SIR,

You

are hereby duly appointed and commissioned to act

charge of the preparations for the civic processional display, to be held in Philadelphia, on the fifteenth day of September next, as a part of the ceremonies commemorative of the framing and promulgation of the Constitution of the United States,

committee

as chairman of the

and

and

in

industrial

to act as Chief

You

Marshal of the same.

are also fully

empowered

to organize

and appoint your own com-

mittee, to call to your aid all necessary assistants, to arrange all details, and to prepare estimates of the probable expense, which are to be submitted to the Executive Committee of the Constitutional Commission for action.

Awaiting a favorable

reply,

we

are,

with sentiments of great respect,

your obedient servants,

JOHN.

A.

KASSON,

President Constitutional Centennial Commission.

AMOS

R.

LITTLE,

Chairman Executive Committee,

HAMPTON

L.

CARSON, Secretary.

HAVERFORD COLLEGE STATION, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, PA., June 24, 1887.

GENTLEMEN, of the

1

I

have to acknowledge the receipt of your polite favor

5th inst, requesting

Committee

in

my

acceptance of the "Chairmanship of the

charge of the Preparation of the Civic and Industrial Pro-

cessional Display, to be held in Philadelphia, on the fifteenth day of September next, as part of the ceremonies commemorative of the

Framing

and Promulgation of the Constitution of the United Chief Marshal of the same." Whilst

I

am

States,

and

to act as

duly sensible of the honor conferred in designation to serve in this important position, I am also fully aware of the labor and time that must be bestowed, and of the grave responsibility assumed in its acceptance. I

my

only accept as a public duty, and from a conviction that

we may

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. confidently rely

upon the

cordial

3

and earnest support of our

patriotic

commemorate

public-spirited citizens in the effort to properly

lishment of constitutional government on this continent, which

by many thoughtful men not great Declaration I

to be second in

its

and

the estabis

esteemed

beneficent results to the

itself.

am, gentlemen, your obedient servant,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN.

Hon. JOHN A. KASSON, President Commission Mr. AMOS R. LITTLE, Chairman Executive Committee; HAMPTON L. CARSON, Esq., Secre;

tary.

In consenting to

assume the grave duties conferred on me

by the generous confidence of the Commission, I determined devote my whole time and energies to the work committed

my

to

to

hands. In seeking for comfortable quarters

my

attention

was directed

rooms occupied by the Supreme Court of Pennthe City Hall, facing south on Broad Street. On

to the spacious

sylvania in

Commission permission was promptly their occupancy, and during the whole

application to the Building

and generously given

for

period of my work every the Building Commission,

facility

was granted me, not only by

through

Mr. Samuel C. Perkins, and

its

its

accomplished president, superintendent, Mr. William C.

Macpherson, but by Colonel Charles S. Greene, prothonotary of I took the court, and his assistants. possession of the rooms

day of July and occupied them until the early part of November, the period from September 15 to November

on the

twenty-fifth

being taken up

On

in closing accounts,

settling

bills,

etc.

taking possession of the rooms referred to

I

appointed

Hofmann as my chief of staff. Brigadier-General J. General Hofmann occupied the same position under me when William

arranging for the demonstration in honor of General Grant on his return from his trip around the world (December 16, 1879).

CIVIC

4

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

General Hofmann's painstaking care and methodical manner of him on that occasion gave me discharging the duties assigned confidence in the aid he would render in the

thrown upon me, and

duties

My

force

Thomas

was completed by

De

this

I

appointment of Mr.

the

E.

O.

Subsequently, when

Correvont as messenger.

became very

trying

was not disappointed.

Miss Hannah Cooper as type-writer,

as general clerk,

and Frank

in

much more

secured, through the courtesy of the Pennsylvania Railroad, the services of Mr. Stapleton, a the pressure

great,

most excellent stenographer.

I

With

this

very limited

force

I

prosecuted the work assigned me.

The

question that presented

first

itself for solution

was as

to

the

CHARACTER OF THE PROCESSIONAL DISPLAY. had no

I

difficulty in settling

that should be

was whether

I

in

my own mind

as to what

but the serious question growing out of that could impress this thought upon the demonstra;

find the public willing to sustain me in so high a purThis pose. purpose I had formed on reading an account of the display of 1788 as given by Francis Hopkinson, who was chairman of the committee and marshal of the which

tion

and

display,

was intended not alone tution

by ten of the

to celebrate the adoption of the Consti-

States, but also to stimulate the adoption

of the same by the three remaining States. On reading the glowing account given patriotic Hopkinson, which

I

ation the acceptance of the position

mind

by the gifted and

did whilst holding under consider-

you had tendered,

I

made

the conditions of a up my century ago, in education, the arts, industries, modes of travel, comforts of the people, etc., could be contrasted with those of to-day, thus illustrating that

if

our marvellous advance and the present power and glory of the a lesson might be republic, taught that would be valuable to the people.

The hope

of being able to accomplish, through the

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

5

you offered me, some public good determined not only acceptance of the trust, but also the character of the dem-

position

my

From

onstration.

that

processional display

from the

first

was

moment to

I

determined, that whether the

be large or small,

it

should illustrate

to the last division

THE PROGRESS OF A CENTURY UNDER CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT.

The mode of by individual stantially

illustrating

effort

attained.

PROGRESS was often

difficult,

but

and personal appeal the result was subIt will be readily seen that this thought

impressed upon the demonstration, whilst it did not exclude legitimate advertisement when it came from an exhibit of progress

machinery, appliances, etc., did prevent the degeneration of the display into a mere medium for advertising. in

From

methods,

this

fact

much

that personal interest

was experienced in awakening which generally comes from the hope of difficulty

immediate gain from an outlay of money. those

who met

advance

In the end, however,

the expense necessary to properly illustrate the

in the last century, in the

business or interest they repre-

found not only a personal pleasure but a pecuniary return which could not have been had under any other form of sented,

display.

In the beginning, however, as before stated, the comprehensive

character which

made

it

was determined

to impress

upon the display

work exceedingly difficult by dampening the ardor of many who would not meet the expenses of an exhibit where the general object seemed to be purely for a public purpose, instead the

of a display in which an immediate advantage would be returned to the exhibitors. The pressure by such to change the character of the demonstration was very great, and never ceased whilst there was hope that a change could be effected. Such appeals were, however, never heeded except in so far as it led to renewed effort to mould the minds of such to a proper and true con-

CIVIC

6 ception

of

the

AND INDUSTRIAL

duty devolving upon

PROCESSION. charge of

those in

the

celebration.

Having determined the character of the demonstration, the next and indeed the great difficulty encountered was the entire absence of any interest or general sentiment

in

favor of the

proposed celebration on the part of the public at large. This was quite natural not only owing to the season of the year when our preparations were commenced, and when a large portion of our

most enterprising and

public-spirited citizens

absence from the heat of the

by the

sea,

city,

either

were enjoying an

among

the mountains,

was nothing in the awakened the interest

or in Europe, but because there

object of the celebration that especially

of the people.

The proposed demonstration was purely

intel-

purpose, and appealed neither to passion nor prejudice, as would have been the case had it been in honor of some

lectual in

its

distinguished

public

recent occurrence.

or of

a striking national event of this respect the contrast in the interest

man, In

taken by the public in this celebration in its inception with that manifested when it was proposed to appropriately celebrate the return of the great hero of Appomattox from a protracted absence

On that occasion all our country was most striking. citizens without to divisions vied with each other in regard party

from

his

prompt, enthusiastic, and vigorous participation in the proposed demonstration in his honor. All that was required was to classify

who were eager to participate, arrange them and place the same in order to move from divisions those

in

our In

in divisions,

into

column

streets.

the preliminary arrangements

for the

demonstration of

15 it was quite different. There was no public spirit or sympathy manifested for the celebration, and but few appli-

September

cations for position

those to

who

were made

in the first

month, and

many

of

applied for space, on learning that the display was not be one for mere advertisement, abandoned their expressed

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. intention to participate.

display

would have

upon the

to

I

was quite aware

that the processional

for its success almost exclusively

depend

public

enterprise,

J

spirit,

citizens of Philadelphia or those

and

in its

impulse of the immediate vicinity. To

patriotic

sympathy was my first effort. Indeed, I may say that every effort from the first to the last was Without the hope of securing a single exhibit in this direction.

awaken

this

public

from another State

spirit

and

opened correspondence with the executives of the several States and Territories, asking co-operation in I

making the industrial demonstration illustrate a century's progress This correand worthy of the nation's grandeur and power. spondence was local

in

proper allotments given to the public through the

press, to assist in

awakening attention and

in stimulating

correspondence with each of the executives, asking co-operation and assistance, was sent to each paper in interest.

All the

every State with a request for

its

gratuitous

publication.

In

nearly every case this was done, and frequently accompanied by

correspondence and to the event which was to be celebrated. These

editorials directing attention

important historical

to

the

newspaper comments were reproduced so that each day was made to contribute

here, with other details, its

quota of interesting

or suggestive items in relation to the exhibits offered, the modes of illustration, the awakening of the public interest in other

by individuals and societies to participate, The gloomiest day in our office had frequently the brighest etc. And so step by step and day by day report in the daily journals.

States, the steps taken

we were enabled

gradually but surely to awaken that spirit in Philadelphia which means abundant success to every worthy, wellWhilst the press was thus generously, indirected movement.

telligently,

was from

and

enthusiastically

meeting our highest expectation,

morning until frequently late in the night meeting individuals and organizations, urging co-operation and After public participation, and pointing out modes of illustration.

I

early in the

CIVIC

g

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

had been aroused, each day found committees, some lukesometimes contrary warm, needing to be stimulated and enthused, to be moulded as to purpose and modes of illustration requiring Each exhibit or illustration had uniform to the interest

purpose.

general

agreed upon. Each inhad to be carefully terest, forming part of a comprehensive plan, elements moulded, individual prejudices overcome, inharmonious to be carefully discussed

reconciled. result

I

and

definitely

All this required time

and great patience

attained.

The time and means duce all that was hoped indicate the marvellous

at

my

disposal

were inadequate

There was, however,

for.

advance we have made

pendence of the republic. I cannot close without an to

unexpected numbers

expression in

men,

in

to pro-

sufficient to

the last cen-

and the industrial

the glory, the strength, tury, to illustrate

owing

to give the

of

my

floats, etc.

regret

inde-

that,

that arrived

during the closing forty-eight hours after the divisions had been located, as well as the unwillingness of certain organizations to

obey orders as to the width of sections and distances to be observed, the column was unduly lengthened and time consumed which resulted

in

delaying the

movement

of certain important

and interesting divisions several hours beyond the time at which This was especially to be rethey were expected to move. gretted in the case of the fifteenth and sixteenth divisions, including the United States Navy exhibit, the Pennsylvania Railroad's interesting

and

instructive illustration of the progress in

transportation, Baldwin's superb exhibit,

and the beautiful

coal

Coxe Brothers, of Drifton, Pennsylvania. These should have moved, on a careful estimation of the movement

illustration of

of preceding divisions, at, say, 12.30, whereas they did not move for three hours thereafter. This was owing to causes beyond the control of myself or of

be regretted.

my

chief of

staff,

and was much

to

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. In this

great

want of obedience be met

difficulties to

in

to orders

a

civic

is

9

illustrated

one of the

demonstration quite

in con-

pectedly large

movement of men. Even with the unexincrease in the number of men and vehicles which

crowded

columns

trast with a military

into

had been

after they

definitely

arranged

and assigned, there would not have been more than an hour's delay had the order as to the number of men in each section and the distance between sections been observed.

Among my many trate

our progress

in

tives

of education

in

regrets

was the

education.

our

city

failure

to

properly

illus-

appealed to the representaand elsewhere, had committees I

appointed and meetings for discussion, etc., all of which in the end failed to produce a representation, which, if made, would have been one of the most striking features of the demonstration, would, the marvellous progress our country has in every branch of education. Besides representatives of

illustrating, as

made

it

the colleges, academies, and schools, there could have been trated by floats statistics giving the

number of

illus-

colleges, schools,

teachers, and appliances of a hundred years ago in contrast with the conditions of to-day. If the Indian exhibit was striking and

suggestive,

how much more

so would have been a proper pres-

entation of our collegiate, academic,

and common-school systems,

including Girard College, with illustrations indicative of the ad-

vance that has been made. disappointment was also great that there was no illustration of the advance made by the colored population of the

My

United States. tinguished

Early

in

representatives,

my work

appealed to its most dispointed out by letter and personal I

opportunity presented for making, perhaps, one of the most striking contrastive exhibits of the demonstration,

interviews the

which would

bondage

illustrate the

to freedom,

to comfort, with VOL.

II.

3

all

marvellous advance of the race from

from ignorance to

intelligence,

from poverty

the blessings coming from political freedom,

CIVIC

I0

AND INDUSTRIAL

and equality under the

education,

PROCESSION.

law.

The

small exhibit

made

connection with the colored people was prepared within a day or two of the demonstration by a few zealous, earnest persons, to

in

whom

what was accomplished. Although the demonstration was not all that I hoped it would nevertheless it was creditable to the country at large, and

be,

credit

due

for

honorable to the citizens of Philadelphia, whose gen-

especially

erous

is

public

spirit

aroused, can at

all

enthusiasm, when properly be relied upon to second any effort

and

patriotic

times

promote the public welfare, revive patriotic memoor enhance the glory of the republic. The honorable part

calculated to ries,

Philadelphia took in the great International Exhibition of the vast

make

amount of energy,

that Exhibition the

labor,

1876,

and money she contributed to

pronounced success

it

was, will ever

remain an enduring monument to the character of her people. In a less degree, but none the less striking, did she present the same qualities in the Centennial Celebration that began on the

1

5th and ended on the i;th of

September

No

last.

effort,

or genius in organization or

management could have produced the striking results witnessed on our streets in the Civic skill,

and

telligent,

The all

Demonstration unless supported by the cordial, patriotic, and generous spirit of a noble people.

Industrial

cost of the demonstration to the Commission, including

expenses, was about fifteen thousand dollars, whilst the

trations dollars,

exhibits.

in-

and all

exhibits cost over

two hundred and

fifty

illus-

thousand

of which was contributed by those representing the sum does not include the time generously be-

This

stowed by hundreds of persons, nor for the cost of erecting stands and decorating the streets, which caused a vast outlay of

money. Another century

in

the

another great celebration this

great American

city,

march of time

will

will

roll

around and

doubtless be held in the streets of

and

if,

on that occasion, through the

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

II

smiles of Divine Providence, our successors are enabled to indi-

much progress in the arts of peace, national strength, and glory as we were permitted to illustrate in the last century, then indeed may the American of that day thank God and be proud cate as

of his country.

Commission through the unstinted confidence bestowed from the time of my

Before

you

for

I

conclude

I

desire to thank the

appointment until the close of our labors. At no time did you seek to know my plans as to the character or scope of the demonstration, but generously and confidingly intrusted all to my judg-

September 15 was the success you was, then am I more than repaid for the months of incessant labor and constant, anxious effort bestowed ment.

If

the demonstration of

are pleased to say

in its creation

it

and organization.

In this connection

rendered

in

celebration.

I

desire to recognize the valuable services

our work by persons not

Among

these

I

officially

may name

the

connected with the

Hon.

W.

C. Whitney,

Navy, whom I visited at Bar Harbor, and who cheerfully gave me such aid as was in his power towards a proposed exhibit from the Navy Department. Through his Secretary of the

and the hearty co-operation of the Acting-Secretary, Commodore Harmony, of Commander B. H. McCalla, of the Bureau actions

of Navigation, of Constructors Hitchburn, Webb, and Steel, of Captain Edwin E. Potter, commanding Philadelphia Navy- Yard, of Medical

Director Cleborne,

of Lieutenant Stewart, and the

and untiring energies and marked ability of Lieutenant Nixon, the Navy exhibit was an honor to the country and a credit

intelligent

to the department. I

desire to render special thanks to our local

newspaper

press,

without whose generous support all our efforts would have been in vain, and also to Mr. William J. Latta, of the Pennsylvania Railroad, who was one of the earliest to proffer assistance, and

who gave

intelligent, willing,

and valuable

services.

In this con-

CIVIC

12

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

may name the cheerful and valuable help afforded by Mr. Charles H. Cramp and his partners in the ship-building firm The firm at its own cost constructed of William Cramp & Sons. nection

I

request the model of the John Fitch steamboat, the vessel propelled by steam.

first

thanks are also due to Mr. Charles McCall, builder,

who

at

my

My for

month

a

building contracts to vices to the

abandoned or neglected his important give voluntary, unpaid, and invaluable ser-

practically

I cannot too highly commend his patrior too strongly express my appreciation of the

Commission.

otic public spirit,

obligation he placed

me under by

laborious discharge of self-imposed

To Mr. George Mr. B.

F. Parker,

his

generous, intelligent, and

and trying duty.

who organized

the printing ex-

hibit; Obdyke, chairman of the joint committee, representing the Master Builders' and Lumbermen's Exchange; to Mr. William H. Thomas, representing the Building Trades

to

Council

and

;

P.

to the representative of the Carpenters'

and

Join-

ers' Association, the Bricklayers' Association,

zations

;

to

Company,

Mr.

Gill,

and kindred organisuperintendent Western Union Telegraph

for the free use of that

company's wires, for the free service of many telegraph operators and messengers on the day of the display;

to the

city officials,

I

am

indebted for cordial

sympathy and support. Special mention should be made of the splendid and costly exhibit of the old Carpenters'

Company.

This historical organi-

had the distinguished honor of reproducing the Temple of Liberty borne through our streets by the society a hundred

zation

years ago, representing the ten States of the Union, in contrast with a temple representing the thirty-eight States now comprising our nation. This honored society promptly responded to the

personal appeal

honor

made

to

its

to the founders of the

present membership.

and

doing so did society and a lasting honor to its patriotism,

in

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. The of

13

brewers' combined exhibit was a voluntary contribution

many thousand

tion of this

dollars

on the part of the Brewers' Associa-

and was highly creditable

city,

to the

taste,

skill,

and public spirit of those interested in the illustration of progress in that important branch of business.

There are other meritorious erous assistance

I

and firms whose genrecord did time and space

individuals

should like to

permit.

Before proceeding to the details of the demonstration, I may say that in order to carry out the plan of organization adopted

by the Commission I appointed the following gentlemen a committee, under authority conferred by the Commission, and of which

I

was chairman,

to

wit

Dr. William

:

Pepper,

Thomas

Dolan, James Dobson, Hamilton Disston, William M. Singerly, Charles H. Cramp, Joel J. Baily, Justus C. Strawbridge, and

Thomas Cochran. This committee, composed of some of our most prominent citizens, was appointed in deference to the wishes of the Commission, but

was never

called together.

business and professional to such

because as active

their time could not well

be given

and second, beas the Commission desired could only be intelli-

an extent as

cause such results

men

First,

to insure efficient results,

man in whom all To divide authority

gently and satisfactorily accomplished by one

power and responsibility must be lodged. and responsibility would be to weaken executive power and destroy effective administration.

Fully impressed with the truth

accepted the position, determined to give my whole time and energies to the work, neither sharing with others the of

this,

I

assuming both for the success which felt satisfied could only be attained through one man's efforts. The committee I appointed would gladly have given assistance

labor or responsibility, I

if it

was required, but each one

felt

that

upon

my

shoulders should

be placed the responsibility not only of indicating the character

CIVIC

14

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

the demonstration should possess, but of carrying the plans into

execution.

of

The

result has

more than

satisfied

me

of the soundness

this conclusion.

In the preliminary

work of

creating public

proposed celebration, there were issued, of circulars, over one thousand personal

sympathy with the

in addition to

thousands

letters relating to

every

Hundreds of these letters were subject appertaining personal appeals to individuals and firms urging co-operation and appealing for assistance in the work committed to my hands. thereto.

A

few of these letters are inserted

in the

Appendix

to indi-

one of the methods employed, although personal appeals were found to be, as is always the case, much the more efficacate

cious in creating I

sympathy and hearty co-operation am, very respectfully, yours, A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Chief Marshal.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. CIVIC

15

AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESSION.

The procession was formed in compliance with the following order, and moved south on Broad Street to Moore Street, then countermarched north on Broad Street to Dauphin Street, where

it

dismissed.

Total distance, nine miles.

Order No.

The

6.

and Industrial Processional Display, to take place

Civic

on September Promulgation follows

in this city of the of the to the Centennial incidental Celebration 15, as be formed will of the Constitution of the United States,

:

Marshal and

At

Staff.

Diamond and Broad

intersection of

Streets.

Band and Banner. Patriotic Marshal, CHARLES M. STOCKLEY. form in Will column fronts of America. of Order Sons by sections,

Assistant

First Division.

of twelve, single rank distance between sections, ten feet three abreast, on Dauphin Street, east of Broad Street. ;

column

Broad

at

Second Division.

Company

Head

Street.

carriages,

Head

of

Street.

Assistant Marshal,

of

;

Philadelphia,

in

of column two

CHARLES M. BETTS. Carriages,

hundred

Carpenters'

on west side of Broad feet

north

of

Diamond

Street.

Third Division.

Assistant

Marshal, S.

L.

Agricultural and

WILSON.

On Broad

Street, west side. Milling Machinery and Implements. Head of column two hundred feet north of Dauphin Street.

Fourth Division. Assistant Marshal, G. F. PARKER. Printers' Exchange. Form on Diamond Street east of Broad Street. Head of column at Broad Street. Fifth Division. Exhibit.

Assistant

Marshal, Captain R. H. PRATT. Educational Form on Norris Street east

Institutions of Learning.

of Broad Street.

Head

of column at Broad Street.

Assistant Marshal, JOHN J. WEAVER. Building Trades of Philadelphia, under the auspices of the Master Builders' and Form on Berks Street east of Broad. Lumbermen's Exchange.

Sixth Division.

Head Seventh

of column at Broad Street.

Division.

Assistant

Marshal,

HAMILTON

DISSTON.

Form on Montgomery Avenue Saw Works. Broad Street. Head of column at Broad Street. Disston's

Henry east

of

CIVIC

l6

Assistant

Eighth Division.

PROCESSION.

AND INDUSTRIAL Marshal,

ALBERT H. LADNER.

Volunteer

Firemen's Association; Philadelphia Fire Department; Philadelphia Form on CoPatrol. Police Department; Philadelphia Insurance Head of column at Broad Avenue east of Broad Street.

lumbia Street.

Eighth Division A.

Assistant

Marshal,

Form on

Firemen's

Convention.

column

Columbia Avenue.

at

Ninth Division. Exhibit.

Volunteer

Head

of

Combined

Head

of

Street.

Government De-v Assistant Marshal, FRANK P. LEECH. United States Post-Office Mint; Internal Revenue,

Tenth Division. partments;

;

Form on

Jefferson at Broad Street

column

Eleventh

Street.

Brewers' Assistant Marshal, JOHN WELDE. of Broad Street. east Street Form on Oxford

column on Broad

etc.

MORRISON.

F.

J.

of

Street east

Broad

Head

Street.

of

Eleventh Division. Assistant Marshal, JOHN T. SPITTALL. Knights of Form on Master Street east of Broad the Golden Eagle, etc. Head of column at Broad Street. Street. Twelfth Division. Exhibit.

Diamond

Assistant Marshal, T. Bailey & Co.,

J.

J.

BATTEN.

Z.

Textile

Combined

Form on Cordage Works, Head of column at Broad etc.

Street west of Broad Street.

Street.

Thirteenth

Division.

Assistant

Marshal,

ALONZO

SHOTWELL.

Straw-

&

&

Co., Dresses and Dry Clothier; Brainard, Armstrong bridge west of Broad. Head etc. Form on Norris Street Goods, Silks,

of column at Broad Street.

Fourteenth Division.

Assistant Marshal, Captain CHAS. BERGER. ClothForm on Norris Street west of Fif-

Wanamaker & Brown. ing. teenth. Head of column at Fifteenth Division.

Fifteenth Street.

Assistant Marshal,

WM. HAMMERSLEY.

Transporta-

tion, Pennsylvania Railroad; Adams Express Company. Eckley B. Exhibit of Coal Mining Machinery. Form on Montgomery Coxe, Avenue west of Broad Street. Head of column at Broad Street.

Sixteenth Division.

Assistant Marshal, Lieutenant D. D. V. STEWART.

Exhibit of United States east side of

Broad

Street.

Form on Navy; Life-Saving Service. of column two hundred feet north

Head

of Dauphin Street. Seventeenth Division. Assistant Marshal, S. M. VAUCLAIN. Baldwin's Locomotive Works. Form on Montgomery Avenue west of Fifteenth Street. Head of column at Fifteenth Street.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

Assistant Marshal, JAMES T. GREEN. Journeymen Form on Columbia Avenue Association.

Eighteenth Division. Bricklayers'

Protective

west of Broad

Street.

Eighteenth Division A.

Head

of column at Broad Street.

WRAY, Jr. Catholic Form on Columbia Avenue

Assistant Marshal, JAMES F.

Total Abstinence Archdiocesan Union.

west of Sixteenth Street.

Head

of column at Sixteenth Street.

Assistant Marshal, JOSEPH MALATESTA. Jefferson Street west of Broad Street.

Nineteenth Division.

Civic So-

Head

Form on

cieties.

column

IJ

at

Broad

of

Street.

Twentieth Division. Assistant Marshal, CHAS. MENDENHALL. American Form on Master B. H. O. S. Sewing Machine Company, etc. Head of column at Broad Street. Street west of Broad Street. F. GuteTwenty-First Division. Assistant Marshal, GEO. G. EVANS. kunst's and others' display of Photography, Mirrors, Picture Frames, Form on Thompson Street west of Broad Street. Upholstery, etc. Head of column on Broad Street.

Twenty-Second Division. Assistant Marshal, L. L. MANN. Form on Stiles Street west Wagons, Life-Boat, etc. o Head of column at Broad Street.

Carriages, of Broad.

FRANK BOWER.

Packers'

'

Twenty-Third Division.

Assistant

Marshal,

Home Made

Bread Company Vienna Bread Company Form on Girard Avenue west of Broad Grocers' Association. at Broad Street. Head of column Street. Exhibit.

The

formation of

all

;

;

Divisions will conform to what has been prescribed

for the formation of the First Division.

Assistant Marshals will be at the intersection of Broad Street and the

upon which their Division will form, at 9 A.M. on the I5th of Septemand receive the Sub-Marshals upon their arrival see that their Subber, Divisions are properly formed, and assign them their place in the Division street

;

Column. Assistant Marshals will see that such of the larger Floats as belong to their Divisions, and may have been parked on Broad Street north of will

Diamond,

be brought to the intersection of Diamond Street and Broad

Street in time to take their proper places in the Division

when

it

arrives at

that point.

The column

will

move from Diamond and Broad

Streets at

10 A.M.,

proceed south along the west side of Broad Street, passing by the west At Moore Street a change of direction will be made over of City Hall. the plank VOL.

II.

road constructed for the 4

purpose, and countermarch

north.

1

CIVIC

8

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION,

After the column has been on the march for twenty minutes, it will be halted for five minutes, to allow citizens, cars, and other vehicles to cross the line of the march.

Assistant Marshals and Sub-Marshals and their

every facility is offered to this end. be halted at the end of every twenty minutes' march.

Aides

will see that

The column These

will

halts will

be made irrespective of any halts that may become necessary during the march, and will therefore take place at 10.20; 10.40; 11.00; 11.20; 11.40; 1.40; 2; 2.20; 2.40; 3; 3.20; 3.40; 4; 4.20. 12; 12.20; 12.40; i; 1.20 In addition to the time indicated by regulation of watches, taking Pennsylvania Railroad time, signal stations will be erected at intervals of ;

a quarter of a mile, from which the time of starting and halting white flag for starting, a red flag for halting.

indicated.

By

will

A

direction of

Marshal A. LOUDON SNOWDEN. J.

W.

HOFMANN, Chief of Staff.

be

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

ORDER OF THE PROCESSION. Cordon of Twenty Mounted

Police.

Lieut.

ERODE.

MARSHAL, COL. A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN.

CHIEF OF STAFF, GEN.

J.

W. HOFMANN.

AIDES TO MARSHAL, Gen. CHAS. L. LEIPER. "

"

E. D. LOUD.

Col. CHAS. "

ROBT. ADAMS,

Jr.

S.

Jr.

" "

BONNAFFON,

P. L.

H.

O. C. BOSBYSHELL.

"

A.

"

J.

JOHN

"

E. O. SHAKESPEARE.

"

CHAS.

"

A. G. BALL.

NICHOLSON.

W.

W. H. H.

BOWMAN.

S.

J.

Major R. S. HUIDEKOPER. " JAS. "

S. S.

"

Capt. " "

"

W. COOKE. HARTRANFT.

WM. HOWELL, L. W. MOORE.

W.

Lieut.

Louis NIXON

DAVIS.

GEO. A. SINGERLY. CHAS. RANDOLPH SNOWDEN. .

HENRY PENNINGTON.

L.

JOHN

McKiNLAY.

JAMES R. YOUNG.

M. WALTON.

CHAS.

CHAS. LAWRENCE.

Trumpeter.

WALLACE.

C.

CHAS.

ALEX. KINNIER.

Jr.

CLARENCE A. HART.

F.

CLINE.

JOHN Y. HUBER. CHAS. McCALL.

GREENE.

W. HARPER.

B.

Jr.

CROWELL.

M. O. RAIGUEL.

"

P.

P.

CHAS. MARSHALL.

SELLERS. P.

STAFFORD.

C.

E. F. BEAL,

GODDARD.

"

M.

C. BARNES.

W. R. LEEDS. WM. G. HUEY. J. W. LOPER.

H. BANES.

THEO. E. WIEDERSHEIM.

"

WM.

Capt.

Col.

Standard Bearer. Orderly.

S.

W.

HIRST. B.

CROOKS.

Trumpeter.

CIVIC

20

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

United States Marine Band. Forty-two musicians.

JOHN PHILIP SOUSA,

Director.

GRAND BANNER. This banner was drawn on a richly-decorated car by four white horses, The banner was of large size, nine feet by twelve a each led

by

groom. and bore upon the face a fine painting, by C. V. ATKINSON, to the past with one hand and with the representing Columbia pointing other to the present, the former represented by old implements and conIt was placed ditions, the latter by those of to-day, indicating progress. feet in height,

in the special

charge of an aide to the marshal.

FIRST DIVISION. Assistant Marshal. Aides.

C.

W.

C.

M. STOCKLEY. M. BOYD, W. A.

ROBERTS, ROBERT

KIRK, F. B.

STOCKLEY.

The otic

Order Sons of America''

in 1847.

known

Division was composed of an organization

This Order was

Upon the commencement of man in it volunteered his

able-bodied

first

formed

the Civil War,

as

"

The Patri-

in

Philadelphia

in 1861,

almost every

services in defence of the Union, in

consequence of which the operations of the Order were almost entirely suspended.

At

close of the

the

war

camp-fires are burning brightly and

it

its

was reorganized, and to-day

its

standards are waving in nearly

every State and Territory.

The Order has ciples

for its object the inculcation of

and reverence

affection

for

American

among American freemen

institutions ;

;

pure American prin-

the cultivation of fraternal

the opposition to foreign interference

with State interests in the United States of America, and to any form of organized disregard of American laws and customs Constitution of the

school system. its

Its

immediate benefits are

sick, the burial of

nected with

it

;

its

home

benevolence, the care of

dead, the protection of and assistance to

who may be

in need.

It

all

con-

has no partisan political claims,

obligations, or intentions.

The

the preservation of the

United States, and the advancement of our free public-

Division marched in the following order

:

Jl

a

M i 5

8

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

with red, white, and blue bunting, carrying a banner

Wagon trimmed by seven

five

21

motto of the organization, " God, our Patriotic Order Sons of America," sup-

containing the

feet,

Country, and our Order," and ported by four members

"

in regalia.

CAM DEN CITY BAND.

(Twenty-five pieces.)

FLOAT

Drawn by

"Arming the Minute Men at by twelve men in Continental

four horses, containing a tableau,

the Battle of

Lexington,"

represented

uniform.

FLOAT

Drawn by

"

six horses, containing a tableau of the

pendence," twelve

men

in the

Declaration of Inde-

costume of 1776, representing the signers document.

awaiting their turn to affix their signatures to the

FLOAT

Drawn by

model of "Washington's Headquarters at Valley Forge," with three Continental soldiers on guard. This representation was so perfect as to be easily recognized, and received confour horses, containing a correct

tinuous applause along the

line.

FLOAT

Drawn by

four horses, representing

"

The Surrender

of Lord Cornwallis

Yorktown," containing twelve men, one of whom represented General Lincoln in the act of receiving the sword of Cornwallis.

at

Eight men, mounted,

and

his

generals,

George W. Lee ley

GREENE,

;

man

;

;

as

in Continental uniform, representing

follows

:

WASHINGTON, George Freas

PICKERING, George G. Bolton

Wm.

M. James

;

KNOX,

F.

;

Washington ;

HAMILTON,

LAFAYETTE, K. B. Stock-

Dorworth

;

STEUBEN, H. B.

Fill-

WAYNE, H. Dietrich.

Drum

Corps of

Camp

50, of

Roxborough,

in

Continental uniform.

Washington Continental Guards, forty-six strong, Philadelphia

Camps,

all

RODMAN H. BLAKE and

in

Continental

Lieutenants

uniform,

W. H.

N.

members of

different

commanded by Captain

WARD

and

WM. KOPP;

uniform of a hundred years ago, buff facings, black coats, knee-breeches, white perukes, black cocked hat with white cockades.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

22

PROCESSION.

FLOAT "

six Liberty and the Law," which were represented by Goddess of Liberty, while young women, one of whom was attired as the another bore the Scales of Justice. On the structure of frame and canvas

With the

tableau,

was painted an arch, with a stone

that enclosed the tableau

thirteen original States, Pennsylvania being the keystone.

for

each of the

Upon

each stone

was inscribed the date of the acceptance of the Constitution by that par"

The

ticular State.

inscription was,

Ratified

by three

million of people in

enjoyed by sixty million in 1887."

1787

FLOAT

Drawn by

and bearing two

four horses

structures,

On

building for school purposes. "

Education

number of

is

one representing a log

handsome modern stone

cabin school-house of old time and the other a

each side of the

the basis of National Freedom."

float

This

was

float

inscribed,

contained a

children, to represent a school in session.

FLOAT

Drawn by

four horses, with a tableau of

Liberty, and the Thirteen Original States."

who

"

Uncle Sam, the Goddess of It

was the

doffed his big, furry, yellowish-white hat,

respects

to

applauding

crowds.

typical

Uncle

and smilingly bowed

The young woman

representing

Sam his

the

Goddess of Liberty wore a red cap, a white skirt with gold-embroidered The thirteen original States borders, and a red wrap over the shoulders. were represented by thirteen young women wearing white dresses, lace caps, and red, white, and blue sashes, with the name of a State on each

The

was profusely draped with red, white, and blue bunting. Three carriages, handsomely trimmed with national colors, containing

sash.

float

the following:

nies,

B. F.

National Vice-President,

First,

Secretary, Dr. F.

W. Hendley;

Dilley;

ex-National President, H.

President, R. T. S. Hallowell President, S.

surer

;

I.

S.

M. Helms.

Smith,

Mayor

;

L.

F.

National Master of J.

Murphy; National Forms and Ceremo-

Stager.

State Secretary, William

Third, Colonel Theodore

of Reading

;

W.

James R. Kenney

Second, State

Weand

;

ex-State

Bean, State Trea;

and State Vice-

President John Arble.

Lansford

Camp Company,

thirty-six strong,

wearing red helmets, blue

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. and the regular

coats, white leggings, swords,

red, white,

23

and blue

regalia

commanded by Captain J. H. CRESSMAN. This most company executed some fine movements on parade.

of the Order, and excellent

Pennsgrove Band, twenty

preceded a body of

pieces,

men, representing numerous Camps

a special uniform consisting of dark soft hats, pantaloons.

The Camps

SAMUEL BEIDLER

;

No.

Roxborough, Captain HARRY RAWLEY

50,

A. W. WRIGHT; and Camps

Then came uniformed foot,

under

sword, and

command

No.

Camp

;

108,

Mauch Chunk.

representatives of the Philadelphia

of N.

;

No. 94, Frankford, Capin, 243, and 270, Philadel-

77, 83,

7,

phia, also an excellent delegation from

on

hundred

represented were: No. 34, Philadelphia, Captain

105, Philadelphia, Captain JOSEPH D. FREED tain

five

and elsewhere, wearing white sack coats, and dark

in Philadelphia

A. Ross, black

suit,

Commandery

chapeau, regalia,

belt.

BULLOCK BAND. Montgomery Commandery, No. 15, of Conshohocken, Commander EIDELMAN Lexington Commandery, No. 2, Reading, Commander O. WETHERBOLD. ;

NEW CASTLE (DELAWARE)

FIFE

E. B.

AND DRUM CORPS

Preceded the Continental Club of Wilmington,

thirty-five

men

in Conti-

commanded by Captain William S. " The first State to adopt inscribed,

nental uniform, carrying swords, and

Alexander.

They

carried a banner

the Constitution of the United States, September 17, 1787."

Following the suggestion of the marshal, there was no part of this organization to have large numbers of men energies being devoted

more

effort

in

on the

line,

their

especially to the faithful representation of

events in the history of the country and the war of the Revolution from its

inception to the end.

Aggregate number of men " "

in line

ladies

horses

" "

.750

.... ...

.

.

.

.

25 55

CIVIC

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

SECOND DIVISION. CHARLES M. BETTS.

Assistant Marshal.

EDWARD CUBBERLY, JOHN CATANACH, CHARLES

Aides.

E. DEVITT.

CARPENTERS' COMPANY OF PHILADELPHIA.

"The

Company

Carpenters'

instituted in the year 1724,

was

of the City and County of Philadelphia"

by master carpenters of

the purpose of obtaining instruction assisting such of their port, or the

members

all

by accident be

as should

in

need of sup-

existence

its

been prominently identified

movements, and can point with pride to their record and memories clustered around their venerable hall. The Company

patriotic

the historic

now

Philadelphia, "for

the science of architecture, and

widows and minor children of members."

The Company has during with

in

has eighty-seven

The

members on the

display of the Carpenters'

division, as follows

roll.

Company was

placed in the second

:

The banner

by the Company in the procession of 1788, It showed, enclosed in a glazed walnut frame, surmounted by a gilt eagle. upon a large square of white silk, a shield, in which was displayed, in First.

colors, devices

carried

symbolical of the carpenter's trade, and flowing from the

under part of the shield was a

Arms." "

On

scroll,

bearing the words

"

Carpenters'

the reverse, in gilt letters, on a ground of dark-blue

Carried by the Carpenters'

in

Company

silk,

the public rejoicings of the

was citi-

zens of Philadelphia on the adoption of the Constitution of the United States, 1788."

Second.

Carpenters' float

A

It

was mounted on a

representation of the

Company

drawn "by

in

float "

drawn by two

Federal

the Federal procession of 1788.

six horses.

It

was

horses.

by the Mounted on a

Edifice" exhibited

circular in form, ten feet in diameter,

and over twenty feet high. From a base rose from pedestals ten fluted columns, which supported a dome surmounted by a statue of Ceres, with a cornucopia and other emblems of plenty. In their proper places were three other pedestals, and three columns were lying outside the temple, to be the The columns in ready placed upon unoccupied pedestals. places

symbolized the States which had, at the date of the celebration,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. the Constitution, and the prostrate columns the States of

ratified

Island,

25

North Carolina, and Georgia, which had not done

Rhode

This temple

so.

was painted white, in imitation of marble. On each side of the surbase " of the temple was inscribed, in golden letters, In union the fabrick stands "

In the front and back part was the date

firm."

The Federal

Third.

Edifice of

1887.

A

1787," in

gilt.

temple thirty-three

feet in

Constructed in length by twelve feet in width and sixteen feet in height. the style of the Doric order of architecture, the roof supported by thirtyeight columns, each one representing a State, and bearing a shield giving Inside the temple were unfinished columns lying on the floor its name.

This

to represent the Territories, shortly to be admitted as States.

float

was drawn by twelve horses. Fourth.

Sixty members of the

Company

horses each, and formed in line three abreast.

in

fifteen

One

barouches, two

of the

He came

George Myers, now a resident of Paducah, Kentucky.

delphia especially to attend the celebration, being the oldest

the

list,

having joined the

The

work of

patriotic

members was to Phila-

member upon

Company in 1833. Company in the demonstration was

this

appreciated by the public.

Its

and suggestive, worthy the old

exhibit of progress institution

and

its

was

fully

costly, beautiful,

public-spirited

members.

THIRD DIVISION. Assistant Marshal.

S. L.

W. McBRiDE,

Aides.

J.

WILSON.

HAINES, C. R. CRAINE, G. B. HICKS.

AGRICULTURAL AND MILL MACHINERY AND PRODUCTS.

WIARD CHILLED PLOUGH COMPANY, One the

first

Batavia,

New

with two horses, with an assortment of Ploughs, including

float

Cast Plough

made by

the

Company,

in

1818.

SYRACUSE CHILLED PLOUGH COMPANY, Syracuse,

One date

float

York.

with four horses

:

New

York.

an assortment of Ploughs, one bearing the

"

1787."

Sulky Ploughs drawn on their own wheels, one a other a hillside, Plough, two horses each.

Two

VOL.

ii.

5

reversible, the

CIVIC

26

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

CLIPPER PLOUGH COMPANY, Elmira,

One Sulky Plough, reversible, with drawn on its own wheels, two horses.

steel

HENCH & DROMGOLD, York, One Walking

Cultivator,

New

York.

mould-board and

steel jointer,

Pennsylvania.

one Sulky Cultivator, drawn on their own

wheels, two horses.

SUPERIOR GRAIN DRILL COMPANY, Springfield, Ohio.

One Grain

on

Drill

its

own

wheels, two horses.

EGLE BENSON,

Two

Raritan,

New

Jersey.

Sulky Hudson Cultivators on their own wheels, two horses.

THE SPANGLER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, York, One Lime and One Grain

Plaster Spreader,

Drill,

JOHN

Pennsylvania.

two horses.

two horses. L. LAMDIS, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

One Hay-Maker, with combined rake and

MAST &

P. P.

tedder.

Co., Philadelphia.

One Sulky Drill, all

One well,

Cultivator, one Lubin Pulverizer and Crusher, one Grain on their own wheels, two horses each.

float

Wind

drawn by Eclipse Road Engine, with old-fashioned sweep Engine, two Force-Pumps, two Cider-Mills, one Grinding

An employe of the firm stood by the well, showing how water Mill. was formerly drawn by a bucket attached to a lever that rested in the crotch of an upright post planted near to the well, the bucket being balanced by stones fastened to the opposite end of the lever.

Pumps, and other were connected with the Windmill, to water-pipes, apparatus show the methods of drawing and forcing water by improved machinery.

The

old and the

new way J.

One

float

of Pumps.

of making cider were also illustrated.

E. CHARLES, Philadelphia.

with two horses, with one

Wind Engine and an

assortment

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. &

D. M. OSBORNE

One Mower, one

27

Co., Philadelphia.

Reaper, one Harvester and Binder, on their own

wheels, two horses each.

ADRIANCE, PLATT

One Mower, one

&

Co., Poughkeepsie,

New

York.

Reaper, one Harvester and Binder, on their

own

wheels, two horses each.

WILLIAM DEERING

Two

&

Co., Chicago.

Mowers, one Reaper, one Binder, on

own

their

wheels,

two

horses each.

One

float,

EUREKA MOWER COMPANY, Utica, New York. bearing four men using old-fashioned Scythes and

said to be capable of cutting twenty acres of grass in a day.

float

It cuts

a

width, and is known as a centre draft machine. was drawn by a Paxton Road Engine, furnished by the Paxton

swarth seven

This

Sickles

By them stood a Eureka Mower,

in the representation of a harvest-field.

Manufacturing

feet

in

Company

of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

STODDARD MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Dayton, Ohio; W.

B. Smith, Phila-

delphia Agent.

One Tiger Mower on its own wheels, two horses. One Tiger Rake on its own wheels, one horse.

&

MEYER, Canastota,

New

York.

One Champion Hay Rake, one Hay Tedder, on

their

own

PATTEN, STAFFORD

wheels, one

horse each.

ROBERTS MACHINE COMPANY,

One Grain Thresher and

SCHAEFFER, MERKEL

One Grain Thresher and

Collegeville, Pennsylvania.

Separator on

&

its

own

wheels, two horses.

Co., Fleetwood, Pennsylvania.

Separator on

its

own

wheels, two horses.

GEYSER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Waynesborough, Pennsylvania.

Road Engine. Over showing the old and the new way Peerless

the water-tank was a double sketch,

of ploughing.

It

represented a

man

CIVIC

2g

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION,

attached to a plough and a steam gang-plough turning driving a mule

one time.

at

up six furrows

AMERICAN ROAD MACHINE COMPANY, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania. One Road Machine, for grading dirt on macadamized roads, two horses.

WILSON'S CABINET CREAMERY COMPANY,

New

HERNDON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Geneva, One

two horses, equipped with

with

float

Michigan.

Flint,

York.

Creamery Supplies and

Harrows.

VERMONT FARM MACHINE COMPANY, Bellows One wagon, two

horses,

Falls,

Vermont.

Creamery Supplies

A. H. REID, Philadelphia.

One

float

with two horses, Creamery Outfit and Supplies.

MOSELY & STODDARD MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Poultney.

One

with two horses, Creamery Supplies.

float

JOHN

CARTER, Syracuse,

S.

New

York.

Cheese Factory Supplies.

McEwEN & LAWRENCE. Terra-cotta fence posts and post holes or receivers. S.

W. MOORE,

Philadelphia.

Patent trestle and band stand combined.

The marked improvement a century ago

is

rather

in

Four

horses.

ploughs at present in use over those of quality than quantity of work that may be in

accomplished with the same amount of horse power; is

in addition to this

the great ease with which results can be accomplished at the present

time.

This

operator the

old

is

sits

modern sulky ploughs, on which the of his machine and horses, as against

well demonstrated in

with perfect control

wood mould-board

follow but exert himself to

developed machines

for

plough, which he was not only required to

keep

in

the ground.

Western needs have

accomplishing great results with power requiring

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. but

manual labor

little

ploughs and

six

to

operate, of

turning six furrows,

29

which the steam gangs, carrying

and the gang-ploughs of

California,

working twelve to fourteen horses in string teams, are notable. In manner of planting corn and small grain, the primitive hand in use,

still

methods, although

have been largely superseded by two- and

four-horse machines preparing their

gether with necessary

fertilizers,

own

furrows, planting the grain to-

and covering

in

proper shape

all

one

in

operation.

In cultivation of corn the hoe and one-horse, one-shovel plough have

not been forgotten

but the work

;

is

being done largely by two-horse

cultivators, cultivating thoroughly each side of the row at the same time, and more than doubling the amount of work possible for one man to

accomplish.

Improved methods of harvesting grain are perhaps the most remarkThe binder of to-day, with one man and three horses, will cut, bind, able. and practically gather the sheaves of twelve acres of grain. The cradle of twenty years ago in good hands would cut two and one-half to four acres, leaving the grain to

be raked, bound, and gathered for shocking,

each in separate operations. Thirty-six-inch

manned and with

cylinder

grain

threshers

and

properly

separators,

grain in good condition, will prepare for the market

two thousand bushels of

oats or perhaps twelve

hundred to fourteen hun-

dred bushels of wheat per day. Contrast this with the process of beating out with the

from the straw with a

fork,

flail,

and winnowing the grain from the

shaking

chaff,

and

you have another instance of progress of Yankee invention impelled

make sible

its

best efforts

by

to

the necessity of accomplishing the greatest pos-

amounc of work

of the market

at the least expense, to meet the growing demands and the development of the millions of acres opened up

for cultivation in the last fifty years.

MILLBOURNE MILLS COMPANY, Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

The

secretary of this

"We

company

:

in the

dis-

We endeavored to show the great improvemanufacture of flour during the past one hundred years.

tributed through our line.

ment

reports

had eight wagons, thirty-two horses, and twenty-one men

PROCESSION.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

30

a village cart drawn by a heavy Clydesdale stallion, the inscription, Exhibit of Millbourne Mills Comcarrying a banner with Sixteen teams of this stock.' Following this, pany, Clydesdale Horse, of flour-mill 1787, stating that 'This a wagon, Float No. 2, showing "

We

showed

first

'

and owned by John Sellers the elder about 1760, and was It to and during the Revolutionary War. operated as a grist-mill prior and on the rear of this wagon, This mill was run by still remains mill

was

built

'

;'

of burrs. Capacity, 5 barrels daily.' water-power, and had but one pair "We now find a record showing that the millwright 'commenced mill on July 25, 1757, and finished the work placing machinery in the of fifty pounds, John Sellers to furnish ten cost at a on June 27, 1758,

pounds' worth of

The

diet.'

total

therefore, for placing

cost,

chinery in this building was sixty pounds.

'On

the ma-

April 14, 1763, a reel

and fan to work by water-power were inserted, at a cost of two pounds It is asserted that previous to this time fifteen shillings and sixpence.' the farmers that brought their grist to this mill were required to separate the bran or offal from the flour after it was ground, in a separate

room, on a

reel

or

some such

sifting

by hand; and no doubt when the

contrivance, which was

and fan were added

reel

operated

to run

by

At no water-power they thought a great saving of labor was made. time had this mill any means of elevating grain or meal from basement to top of building, as mills are at present arranged, but the miller

was

compelled to carry it on his back from one story to another as needed. " We next showed a man on a mule taking a grist to this mill, carry-

To show

ing a banner, saying, 'Taking grist to mill in ye olden time.' the gradual increase and improvement in the business, the mill of 1814, a portion of which

On

is

still

we next

presented

standing and forming part '

second, and operated as

Millbourne was the following This mill was built and owned by John Sellers, a grist and merchant mill by John Sellers, third.

The

counties west of Philadelphia

of our present plant. Mills Co.

Mill of 1814.

price of

this mill.'

wheat

On

in

this float,

No.

the rear of this wagon,

3,

'

:

was regulated by

Grain was received at this mill

from over the Alleghany Mountains by the old Conestoga wagons.' "A magazine published in Philadelphia in 1818 gave the following as an item of news: 'In the course of the twelve

months of 1817 twelve thousand wagons passed the Alleghany Mountains from Philadelphia and

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

31

Baltimore, each with from four to six horses, carrying from thirty-five to

The

forty hundred-weight.

hundred-weight,

aggregate dollars.'

in

some

cost of carriage

was about seven

dollars per

cases as high as ten dollars to Philadelphia.

The

sum paid for the conveyance of goods exceeded one million To move a ton of freight between Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, one hundred and forty dollars, and took probIn 1886 the average amount received by the Penn-

therefore, cost not less than

ably two weeks time.

sylvania Railroad for the carriage of freight was three quarters of one cent

per ton per mile.

The

distance from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh

is

three

so that the ton which cost one hundred hundred and eighty-five miles and forty dollars in 1817 was carried in 1887 for two dollars and eighty;

seven cents. to

pay fourteen

At

the former time the

dollars for

twenty-eight cents now.

moving a

The

Philadelphia had

in

workingmen

barrel of flour from Pittsburgh, against

Pittsburgh consumer

paid seven dollars

freight upon every one hundred pounds of dry goods brought from Philadelphia, while one hundred pounds is hauled now in two days, at a cost

of fourteen cents.

"From

the time the mill of 1757 was erected up to or about 1800

little change in the manner of doing the about the but work; year 1816, Oliver Evans, a notable millwright, in-

there seems to have been but

vented a means of elevating and conveying material, which he introduced

and we now hold the

into the mill of 1814;

original paper granting

John

Sellers permission to use these appliances.

"

by

On

the back of this paper

a cut of a mill as invented and perfected

is

Oliver Evans, showing the elevators and conveyers and other appli-

which are

ances, the principles of

still

used in

all

mills,

though of course

great improvements have been made thereon. " On wagon, Float No. 4, we showed the millstone and banner, with the The old millstone that for ages knew inscription, 'Millbourne Mills Co.'

no

has finally been superseded by the

rival

the rear of this wagon, " '

On

'

The

wagon, Float No.

Flour Mill of 1887.

'

Chilled Iron Roller Mill.'

old methods yield to the

5,

we

new

presented our present

Millbourne Mills Company.

On

process.'

mill,

and above

it,

John Sellers, Jr., PresiNathan and and on the rear, 'This dent; Sellers, Secretary Treasurer;' mill employs 'rollers exclusively, and makes the highest grade of flour

known

to the trade.

Capacity over 300 barrels

daily.'

-

CIVIC

2 "

On wagon,

Float No.

6,

Our Brands'

'

contained barrels showing '

we showed two

sets of roller mills,

and stated

Wagon No. 7 and Wagon No. 8 gave

Chilled Iron Roller Mills are used exclusively.'

'

that the

PROCESSION.

AND INDUSTRIAL

The packages

of flour,

small bags containing twenty-four and a half

of to-day,'

and twelve and a quarter pounds."

FOURTH GEORGE

Assistant Marshal.

W. H.

Aides.

PARKER.

F.

NEILSON, ISAAC

DIVISION.

W. KAHN, A.

G. ELLIOTT,

W.

B.

MAC-

KELLAR. PRINTERS' COMBINED DISPLAY.

The

exhibit of the

of printing in

"

German

Printers"

was a tableau of the invention

1440, being a representation of

Gutenberg examining the The tableau was arranged

proof taken from a form of movable type. under the supervision of Mr. I. W. Kahn, of the Philadelphia Demokmt,

first

and was as follows

:

looked more like a cider-press, on two upright posts, a large screw four inches in diameter worked by a heavy iron lever, a bed of heavy two-inch boards, on which rested an

An

iron

old

wooden screw-press

bed one inch

The

thick.

that

platen

was of

iron, twelve inches square,

and the press occupied a space three by nine feet. The persons in the tableau were dressed in the costume of the fourteenth century, and represented Gutenberg (M. Peter Voigt), Faust (Mr.

Adam

(Mr. George Bauer), apprentice (Mr. Alfred Loeb),

all

man Typographia, No.

Belz),

Schoffer

members of Ger-

i.

EXHIBIT OF THE MAcKELLAR, SMITHS & JORDAN COMPANY.

A

fine display

by hand

;

later,

type-casting "

MacKellar,

America."

of type-casting machinery, illustrating the old process the

hand-casting In

machine.

Smiths

&

machine and the modern

complete

the float was a banner,

inscribed,

front of

Oldest Type Foundry in Company. In one corner of the float was an old-fashioned furnace

and metal-pot, with

all

Jordan

the necessary fixtures, where an average of but

A

pounds a day of unfinished type were produced. hand-casting machine invented in 1813, and which style with improvements is still used in the various type foundries of the United States, was also shown.

ten

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. This machine

is

33

capable of producing an average of forty pounds of un-

The

finished type per day.

type, after being cast,

must go through four

Each type cast has other operations before being ready for the market. what is called a "jet" or projection of metal from the foot of the letter. passed to a breaker's table, where the jet end is broken off; then passed to a stone, where the sides are rubbed then to the setter's table, where it is set up in order; and finally, to the dresser's bench,

The type

is

;

where the bottom out

all

is

grooved and the face examined, the dresser throwing It is

imperfect types.

A

then ready for market.

complete type-

casting and finishing machine was also shown, which performs all of the above operations, and is capable of producing an average of fifty pounds

of finished type per day.

Not the

least interesting portion of the display

float, which consisted of type representing the firm's name and place of business. Eight men were at work on the float, which was drawn by four horses decorated with flags.

was the

railing of the

Some

thirteen thousand typographic souvenirs

were specially cast for These consisted

the occasion and distributed along the route of parade. of a cut, as

&

SMITHS

shown herewith, with the name of the firm, " MACKELLAR, JORDAN Co. TYPE FOUNDRY, PHILA.," on one side of the

body, and "CONSTITUTION CENTENNIAL, SEPT.

15,

16,

17,

1887," on the

other.

EXHIBIT OF THE PHILADELPHIA TYPOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.

On

a two-horse truck was shown the old Washington hand-press,

from the warerooms of

W.

C. Bleloch,

manned by

the

members of the

Philadelphia Typographical Society.

EXHIBIT OF "THE TIMES."

The

turns out this

newspaper press in the world is the thousand complete copies per hour.

fastest fifty

"

Hoe"

A

press,

which

painted model of

grand press was exhibited by the enterprise of the Philadelphia Times. In 1787, and for many years after, no presses were manufactured in this

country.

more

They were brought here from England while ;

presses

Island than

twice as VOL.

many II.

are

all

6

manufactured

in

New

York,

New

at the present time

Jersey,

and Rhode

the rest of the world combined, and in the United States presses are built as in

all

the foreign countries combined.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

34

The

sale of

American presses now amounts

PROCESSION. to about six millions of dollars

each year.

EXHIBIT OF CHAMBERS, BROTHER & CO. In the division devoted to printing the firm exhibited one two-horse a full-sized book-folding machine, capable of float, on which was operated from ten to twelve thousand sheets per ten with one operator,

folding,

hours.

The

by hand can fold about three thousand book-folding machine was introduced in 1857.

An

first

expert operator

EXHIBIT OF W.

One

C.

sheets.

BLELOCH.

four-horse truck with float eight feet

sixteen

by

feet,

decorated

one Gordon printing-press, one Rival two proof-presses, two galley-racks, paper-cutter, two twenty-case cabinets, one imposing-stone and frame, one double-stand, with racks, cases, galwith

flags, etc.,

and numerous small tools used by

leys, etc.,

typical

and containing,

surmounted by a

printers,

representation of the "printer's devil," in fantastic costume, with

composing-stick in hand.

There were ten men on

EXHIBIT OF

R.

W.

This exhibit consisted of a large size, fast,

HARTNETT & float,

this float.

BROS.

on which was erected a medium-

two-revolution job cylinder press, in complete running order, with

was running in a printing-office. The press was run wherever the pavement would permit. There were seven men on the float, which was drawn by four horses. shafting

The

and

belting, just as if the press

press exhibited

is

capable of turning out twenty-five hundred im-

In 1787 the only presses used in America were the wooden-frame hand-presses, on which, by hard work, two hundred impressions per hour.

pressions could be presses

is

now

worked

The most

off per hour.

PHILADELPHIA TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION, Officers.

perfect of the old

the property of the Boston Journal.

William H. Neilson, President

;

No.

2.

E. H. Madden, Secretary;

J.

Glaser, Financial Secretary. First float, twenty feet long, ten feet wide, represented a

room of the present of cases, and a

man

period,

composingand contained four stands with eight pairs

at each case setting type

;

a composing-stone, with a

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. man engaged man engaged

in

making up the

in reading,

There was also upon the

"

form"

;

35

a proof-reader's desk, with a

while alongside of him was a boy holding copy. float

a cabinet of display type.

EXHIBIT OF CHARLES ENEU JOHNSON. This firm made a

fine

boxed and

display of printing-inks,

bottled.

Small boxes were handed to the people as the procession, moved along the route.

EXHIBIT OF CRAIG, FINLEY &

An by

new

exhibit of lithography, old and

style,

CO.

on a large

float,

drawn

four horses.

EXHIBIT OF CAMPBELL &

A

small

float,

CO.

carrying two revolving pony

presses, at work.

EDWARD

SONS.

EXHIBIT OF

Assortment of paper bags, drawn by six horses.

in a

J.

HOWLETT &

pyramid of thirteen

colors,

on a truck,

EXHIBIT OF THE WHITING PAPER COMPANY. Boxes of writing-paper.

EXHIBIT OF

An

C.

S.

GARRETT &

SONS.

assortment of card-board and building-paper, manufactured at the

Keystone Paper-Mills,

in red, white,

and blue wrappers, on six-horse wagon.

EXHIBIT OF GASKILL, BAUER & CONDERMAN. Straw boards, binding boards, and paper

drawn by

fibre

made of wood, on

truck,

six horses.

EXHIBIT OF Four-horse wagon,

filled

A. G.

with

all

ELLIOTT & CO. kinds of papers.

On

the canvas-

covered sides of the wagon was, " First paper made in the colonies in 1690, In 1776 the entire production for the colonies was at Germantown. In 1887 the production of Phila$300,000, with Philadelphia leading. delphia will be $8,000,000; while for the whole United States, 1000 mills,

the production will be over $300,000,000."

CIVIC

36

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

EXHIBIT OF IRWIN, MEGARGEE &

A

drawn by four

large truck,

The truck contained

horses.

materials used in the manufacture of paper.

paper and

card-board, in fancy wrappers.

wood pulp and

CO.

On

all

the

the sides were piles of

In the centre were barrels of

rag pulp.

EXHIBIT OF ALEXANDER BALFOUR. board and book-papers

Bristol

decorated packages and

in

rolls,

on

a four-horse truck.

EXHIBIT OF THE SCOTT PAPER COMPANY.

A

drawn by four horses. The truck was filled with toiletwhite, and blue wrappers, finished off with patent metal

large truck,

papers, in red, paper-cases.

EXHIBIT OF THE JESSUP & MOORE PAPER COMPANY.

A

large truck, bearing bundles of paper from their various mills, with

samples of

wood

pulp.

EXHIBIT OF LONGACRE & This

one

CO.

on wood and designers, made an exhibit upon drawn by two horses. This float was twenty-six feet long,

firm, engravers

float,

divided into three parts or divisions, to facilitate changing

whole resting upon six wheels.

Upon

engraving-office of colonial times, niture,

and other

the

first

direction

;

the

part was represented an

an old-fashioned

fireplace,

room-fur-

fixtures representative of the time of 1787; dressed in

an engraver at work, a man proving an enthe old-fashioned way, and a boy working ink between two

costume of that day was graving in ink-balls.

Second department represented the

office of the firm.

telephone, electric light, speaking-tubes, desks, carpeted, etc.

Type-writer,

Type-writer,

and proprietor. Three persons. Third department showed engraving, drawing on wood, drawing on for paper photographing, photographing on wood by electric light, operating an engraving-machine, proving work on Five men employed. clerk,

proof-press.

From

the crude process of 1787

drawing on the block

when engraved, proved under a crude

press,

after

in

line,

and,

inking with a

ball,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

37

the ink being worked and distributed between two large balls, as done in

printing at that date

wash-shading pencil

;

in

later

still

drawing

on the wood was improved on by

India ink with hair pencils and

by

large,

up with lead broad wash-sketches or drawings, on stretched finished

These, reduced

paper or Bristol board, with the hair pencils (brushes). to the desired size

by photography

To

the hands of the engraver.

directly

on the wood, are placed

in

further facilitate the process of photo-

Engraphing on wood, electric light has been successfully introduced. graving-machines have been in use for about thirty-five years, principally used in the illustrating of machinery or mechanical work, where plain, rigid, graduated lines serve for tints, which can be made any shade or

There has been but

graduation of color.

little

improvement on the en-

graving-machine built by Mr. M. R. Longacre about twenty-five years ago, the only one used in Philadelphia at that time, there being ten or twelve of the Bellmen engraving-machines

now used

in this city.

Proving

on a press has nearly superseded the old process of inking the block with ball and rubbing the impressions off on India paper with an ivory burnisher (paper-folder). Following hard on the heels of the wood engraving are the patent processes.

The

on wood, aided kept the engraver on wood

superiority of engraving

by these noted improvements, has so far in advance and enabled him to bring the

art to

its

present state of

perfection.

EXHIBIT OF BONAKER & JONES. This firm of blank-book makers exhibited upon one fifteen feet,

drawn by two horses, and carrying

the progress

made

in the art of paper-ruling

six

float,

men,

ten feet

by

illustrations of

during the century which

has elapsed since the adoption of the Constitution.

On

one side of the

pen and a illustrated

ruler,

float

a

man was

ruling paper

by hand, with a

completing twenty-five sheets per hour.

quill

Progress was

by a modern Hickok ruling-machine, working, and completing

one thousand sheets per hour. They also exhibited a quantity of fine constructed on an books, improved principle and having the

blank

desirable flat-opening features.

Hand-ruling was the accepted mode until about the year 1830, when machines were constructed which speedily displaced the ancient system. Philadelphia

may

claim to be the native place of the American ruling-

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

38 machine, for the

first

prominence was Charles Kerk, Ruling-machines have been improved from

maker who came

a Philadelphia carpenter.

machine known

into

stand as triumphs of the art of the mechanic. as the McAdams quadruple is so constructed as to

time to time, until they

A

now

one operation thus requiring the paper to go through once

and to complete

rule both sides of the sheet at once,

the down- and cross-lines,

whereas the old

only,

PROCESSION.

style

at

required four operations

to

complete the Various appli-

one feeding by the McAdams machine. ances for the production of good and rapid work have been introduced, including an automatic feeder, which feeds from a pile of paper and places " " striker" and the a single sheet at a time in the machine. The lapper"

work done

at

are valuable improvements

which every ruler

Ruling-machines are made by vania field,

McAdams &

;

W.

will appreciate.

O. Hickok,

New York

Sons, Brooklyn,

;

Harrisburg,

and E.

J.

Pennsyl-

Piper, Spring-

Massachusetts.

EXHIBIT OF REMINGTON STANDARD TYPE-WRITER. This display was made by the firm of WykofF, Seamans

834 Chestnut Street, and consisted of one

Upon

the float was

float,

&

Benedict,

four men, and four horses.

shown the past and present method of writing or

On one end of the float was a young man putting thought on paper. dressed in the costume of a hundred years ago, seated at a plain desk, writing with a

quill.

On

another part of the float was a representative

business-man of to-day, sitting at his desk, dictating his correspondence to the type-writer operator,

who took

the words direct from the dictator's

lips, at a rate of speed equal to three times the

man,

that

is,

speed of an ordinary pen-

he was able to correctly write with the type-writer at the

from sixty to seventy-five words per minute. The type-writer has only within the past five or ten years been recognized as a practical time-saving instrument. It is now very deservedly rate of

popular,

however, and

machines

;

there

are

in

thousand writingmanufacturing and selling these

use

over

fifty

and the Remington Company is fifteen hundred to two thousand per month. therefore, be seen that the business of this firm alone amounts to

instruments at the rate of from It will,

considerably more than one million dollars per year.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. EXHIBIT OF TYPOGRAPHIA

No.

39

I.

At the end of this division came a decorated carriage containing four members of Typographia, No I (Messrs. A. Gruber, L. Waldecker, E. It was made Kindt, H. Stephan), carrying the German Printers' banner. in

1840,

in that

parade which took place in Philadelphia honor of the four hundredth anniversary of the invention

and was carried

year in

The banner

of printing.

in the

made of heavy blue and white

is

silk,

and con-

tains on the front a portrait of Gutenberg and on the back a picture of

an old screw-press.

FIFTH DIVISION. CAPTAIN R. H. PRATT, U.S.A. W. M. HUGG, W. RICHARDS, H. W. HALLOWELL.

Assistant Marshal. Aides.

EXHIBIT OF THE UNITED STATES INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL,

Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

Captain R. H. Pratt, U.S.A., Superintendent.

This exhibit formed one of the most marked and interesting

in the

long

column, forming doubtless the greatest "object-lesson" ever attempted to be inculcated

by a processional

The Indian

or Educational Division, alry, U.S.A.,

display.

Industrial School at Carlisle, Pennsylvania,

commanded by Captain R. H.

headed the Fifth

Pratt,

Tenth Cav-

Superintendent of Carlisle School.

OBJECT.

To

illustrate the

in the condition of the Indians

change

and the growth

of public sentiment in their favor during the Constitutional century.

HISTORICAL.

At

the beginning of the Constitutional century there were few Indian

and no appropriation was made by the general government for such schools prior to 1818, at which time ten thousand dollars was appropriated schools,

by Congress

for civilization, including schools,

appropriated annually without deviation for civilization

began

to be

increase in expenditure

made

till

which sum was thereafter

1846,

for individual

when tribes.

by the general government

dians occurred until 1879,

when

for

the appropriations

No

considerable

educating the In-

confidence in the feasibility of educating

Indians in the English language and adapting

them

to civilized

life

began

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

40

PROCESSION.

to be so established as to gain increased appropriations

by Congress for year 1887-88 amounts to ovc

until the appropriation

the

fiscal

t

1

:

from year to year

of Indian schools during

.iiion

two hundred thousand

dollars.

The number

of pupils attending the Carlisle School during the

fiscal

hundred and forty-two, representing thirty-eight year 1886-87 was the students coming from the most tribes, much the larger proportion of the as nomadic and warlike tribes, Apaches, Sioux, Cheyennes, etc. six

The

school

is

strictly industrial,

each student giving one-half of each

day to the learning of some industry, the boys

and

at trades or agriculture,

the girls at occupations suited to their sex.

The

great object of the

acquainted with and

government in

competent

is

to

civilized

make

pursuits.

the

young Indians

To

this

end

all

somewhat prepared and taught the English language, out from the school into good white families, where they are

students, after being

are sent

and treated as members of the household, sent to the public schools, and further instructed in the arts of civilized life. received

PROCESSION.

The

Carlisle

School column

wild Indians directly from their to

the Cheyenne and

charge of Major

pahoe agency.

W.

in the industrial

homes

Arapahoe

parade consisted of ten

in the Indian Territory,

tribes,

five

from each.

belonging

They were

in

Cheyenne and AraPawnee Man, Wolf Face,

B. Barker, authorized trader at

Their names are Little Chief,

and Black Coyote, Man-on-a-cloud, and Pappoose Chief, Cheyennes White Snake, Bear Father, Little Bear, and Mountain, Arapahoes. Eight of these led the column on horseback. Then followed five floats, nine by ;

on heavy road-wagons drawn by twenty horses. Two of the wild Indians, fifty-three boys, and young men on these wagons, aided sixteen

by

feet,

six of the mechanical

employes of the school in costume, all under Mr. A. J. Standing, gave

the direction of the assistant superintendent,

representations covering the objects of the parade.

FLOAT

On

the

first float

No.

i.

was produced West's celebrated painting of William

Penn's treaty with the Indians.

On

the side of this float a white

and an Indian were represented with hands clasped

in

man

token of friendship.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

41

" As long as the and the following extract from the sentiments of Penn sun and moon shall endure no advantage shall be taken on either side." :

FLOAT

The second

No.

2.

contained an Indian tepee, representing a scene in

float

on each side was an extract from the inaugural address " of President Cleveland The conscience of the people demands that the

an Indian camp

;

:

Indians within our boundaries shall be fairly and honestly treated as wards of the government, and their education and civilization promoted with a " I would rather view to their ultimate citizenship." And on the end :

have

my

marked by a sound and honorable Indian policy

administration

than by anything

President Cleveland."

else.

FLOAT

The

third float

No.

3.

was a school-room, where sixteen of the students per-

formed black-board exercises solving problems

in

On

halt of the column.

in

the various grades of school-room work,

arithmetic and giving language exercises at every

the front was a printing-office, with one student

setting type and another running a printing-press, printing slips of information which were distributed. On each side of this float was the fol-

lowing "Indians in the United States, 247,000; :

school, 12,316;

And

leaving 34,561

on the end the words,

"

The

in

growing up in ignorance and barbarism." must educate."

We

FLOATS

several

of school age, 46,877;

No. 4 AND

5.

fourth and the

fifth floats were fitted up as workshops, having on each, with Indian boys working at the trades they shops

learn at the school, ing, s'aoemaking,

carpentering, blacksmithing, harness-making, tailor-

and

tinning.

Along the

side of these floats were fast-

ened specimens of the boys' workmanship

in

the various

departments

represented.

Following these

floats

came the band of twelve

leadership of the band-master, Mr. Philip

and

thirty-six

young men

VOL.

II.

7

under the

Norman, and then one hundred

of the school, marching in columns of platoons,

sixteen in a platoon, each student carrying a slate

The one hundred and

pieces,

and school-books.

eighty-nine students on the floats, in the band,

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

42

PROCESSION.

and marching column represented the following tribes Cheyenne, Arapahoe, Crow, Apache, Kiowa, Kaw, Comanche, Winnebago, Wyandotte, :

Pawnee, Pueblo, Nez Perce, Gros Ventre, Menominee, Quapaw, Omaha, Oneida, and Sioux. evidence of the effect created in the minds of the spectators

An

by

the appearance of the wild Indians from the West and the pupils of the Industrial Training Schools is tersely set forth in the following extract

from an

article in the

Brooklyn Eagle:

"... There was one

division in the

great Constitutional

parade in

Philadelphia, last

Thursday, that should have kept marching right on

across the

clear to the

State,

State in the

River, and

Missouri

Union had seen and studied

The

it.

on, until every

still

band of

Indians, a

braves, mounted and in their war-paint, plumed and feathered and fierceBevisaged, armed to the teeth, savages from scalp-lock to moccasin.

hind them, on

foot,

a band of younger braves that will sweep these old

warriors and savages out of existence forever.

and tidy as any boys

their schools, trim

marching steady as

land,

prairies, each

soldiers,

dark-skinned

brave

In the neat uniforms of

any grammar-school in the with the free, easy stride born of the in

armed with a

marched these

slate,

It dusky warriors from Carlisle and Hampton and Lincoln Institute. was grand, it was inspiring, it was sublime, it was Christian. A class of boys and girls drove by, singing with all their Indian hearts in their

brave voices,

'

Hail,

Columbia,

Land.'

Happy

Anything but a

'

happy

has Columbia, from the day of Columbus to the day of the cow-

land'

boy, been for them and their fathers. After them came the

Indian boys at at

They sang as the prophets sing. work at their trades, mechanics,

housework, bright, neat, happy-looking

girls,

cooking, sewing, knitting, reading, trained nurses in a hospital ward,

use-

farmers, teachers;

ful,

the

happy '

girls as

girls

your own

daughters. Indian exhibit' impressed people.

object-lesson.

Ahead were the

Why,

never in

I

begin to tell

I can't all

my

life

'

savages,

exceeding

fierce,'

you how

saw such an

possessed with

seven times seven devils, and then these boys and girls, clothed in their at the feet of the Prince of Peace. I blushed with right minds, sitting

shame about

for every flippant this

and heartless word

much-discussed

the rescue of a race

'

Indian problem.'

by a Christian nation."

I

had ever said or written There was

its

solution,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

43

EXHIBIT OF THE SPRING GARDEN INSTITUTE.

The Spring Garden Institute made an exhibit upon two floats, designed to show the advance made in practical education, the Institute having organized the first manual training-school in Philadelphia in 1878. The first drawn by two horses, contained a box-like structure, eight feet in On this superstructure was displayed height, surmounted by a pyramid. float,

the

work of

pupils in the

Forty-six large drawings and

Art Department.

paintings in various mediums, drawings from designs,

etc., all

life

and from the

neatly framed, covered the sides of the structure.

faces of the pyramid, at the four corners

used partly for ornamental

The

effect

and

at the apex,

and partly

The second

On

were plaster

work of

to display the

was handsomely decorated with blue bunting, evergreens, and symbolical ornaments. in modelling.

cast original

float

the

casts,

pupils

red, white,

and

Mechanical Department of the Institute, and was so arranged as to have at each of the four corners a workbench, on which pupils of the Institute schools exhibited the course of practice in

float represented the

wood- and metal-work.

In the centre of the float there was

erected a pyramid eight feet in height.

On two

of the faces

work done by

pupils of the school in metal was displayed, and on the other two faces similar filing,

work

in

The metal

wood.

exhibits comprised samples of chipping,

turning, fitting, screw-cutting, boring, etc.

the various methods of mitring,

etc.,

;

the

wood

exhibits

showed

such as dovetailing, butting,

makiag square joints, and included samples of pattern-making

for castings, bridge-

and other models.

Surmounting the pyramid was an upright en-

gine, built in the schools

by the pupils from drawings and patterns also float was also handsomely decorated with the

trusses,

made by

the pupils.

This

was drawn by two horses, and contained, besides the inmetal-work, Mr. David Griffiths, eight pupils from the Soldiers'

national colors, structor in

These pupils attend the Spring Garden Orphans' Institute in uniform. Institute Schools for instruction in mechanical handiwork.

EXHIBIT OF THE LINCOLN INSTITUTION. INDIAN DEPARTMENT.

This exhibit was made upon eleven stration of the course of training

of directors in their

efforts to

floats,

pursued

and gave ocular demonInstitute by the board

in the

bring the Indians into the walks of

civil-

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

44 ized

The

life.

exhibit

was of such an interesting and

and carried out so thoroughly

acter,

any room

PROCESSION.

for elaboration in

instructive char-

the details, as to leave scarce

in

the report; and yet the report of the lady

embodies so many points of interest course of instruction that it is herein embodied

connection with the

in

directress

:

"

for Indians consists of

School

Lincoln Institution Training

two

parts,

the boys' school, with one hundred Indian boys, located at Forty-ninth Street and Greenway Avenue, Twenty-seventh Ward, in the building of

The Educational Home; and

girls'

school, with one hundred Indian

located in winter at No. 324 South Eleventh Street, Philadelphia,

girls,

and

the

in

summer

at

Ponemah,

Upper Merion Township, Montgomery

in

County, Pennsylvania. "

"

Lincoln Institution was opened April

1866.

had

HISTORY.

Its object

was

lost their lives

to care for, educate,

in the

sisted in putting the

17*,! 866,

boys

and

war between the at

and chartered

May

train sons of soldiers

The

States.

work with employers

'

training'

9,

who con-

outside of the school

while thty remained inmates and pupils thereof, thus mingling practice

with theory, and teaching the boys

how

to

make a

living before cutting

loose from the moral, religious, and educational influences of the Institution.

"

Over one thousand boys have so passed through the

large majority of

whom

are

now

useful

members of

Institution, a

and some

society,

of them occupy positions of great responsibility and trust in the financial

and transportation companies.

"The

Educational

Home, a

separate corporation but under the

same

feeder' to general management, was founded November 4, 1 87 1 as a Lincoln Institution. Here boys from three to twelve years of age were cared for, and from the Home' they were transferred to Lincoln Insti'

,

'

tution as soon as they

"In

1

were able to go to work.

88 1, the number of 'soldiers' orphans' having become very small,

the few boys remaining in Lincoln

Educational offered

for

Home, and In

Institution

were transferred to The

the building on Eleventh Street was closed and

1884 the

last of the 'soldiers' orphans' were, by order of the Department of Public Education at Harrisburg, transferred to Chester Springs School. sale.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. "At

45

the Bi-Centennial Celebration, in October, 1882, Captain Richard

Superintendent of the United States Indian Training School at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, quartered the Indians who appeared in the parade on that occasion in the Lincoln Institution on Eleventh Street, Pratt, U.S.A.,

Henry

Philadelphia.

"This incident gave idea that their

buildings, their

made

for

available

managers of Lincoln Institution the management, their experience, might be

to the lady

the education and training of Indian

To

children.

think was to act. In a very short time arrangements had been made with the Secretary of the Interior at Washington, and on the 8th of September, 1883, the first Indian girls were received into the Eleventh

and on the 2Qth of August, 1884, the

Street house,

Indian boys

first

were admitted to The Educational Home. "

Captain Pratt

is

great Eastern schools,

Lincoln Institution.

the father of Indian education at

all

of the three

and Carlisle, Pennsylvania Hampton, Virginia The success of his idea, as worked out at two of ;

these schools, was beautifully

shown

;

parade of September 15, 1887. of the Indian Girls' School of Lincoln

"

in the

Ponemah, the country home Institution, was built in order to remove the pupils from all danger of a summer epidemic in the city. It occupies ten acres of woodland on the 'South

Hill'

of Chester Valley, on the line that divides Chester County

from Montgomery County. It is nearly two miles north of Wayne, Delaware County, on the Pennsylvania Railroad."

SEPTEMBER The

1887.

display of Lincoln Institution in the great Industrial Parade

in the Fifth Division, Captain R.

marshals were

and Captain

The

15,

:

H.

Pratt, Assistant Marshal.

was

The sub-

William M. Hugg, Superintendent of Lincoln Institution,

W.

The Educational Home. Mount Pleasant Brass Band,

R. Rickards, Superintendent of

Institution furnished

its

own

music,

of twenty pieces.

The

display on eleven floats embraced the

following:

wagons, 135 pupils (boys, 75; girls, 60), 29 attendants. The eleven floats were as follows:

26 horses,

n

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

46

FLOAT "1787.

A

and

paint, without

Red

Nettie

Owl,

i.

INDIANS AT HOME."

of skins, surrounded by Indians of both sexes, in skins,

wigwam

blankets,

No.

PROCESSION.

Kettle,

Names

occupation.

Etty Tyndall,

George Fine Boy, James One

Mary

of pupils

Payer,

:

Ruth Iron

Josette

Bonga,

Star, James Gallego, Barclay Payer, Francis

Bonga, Stephen Flexible, Oscar Bear, and Oliver Swallow.

FLOAT "

A

1887.

wigwam, or

in all kinds of

AT THE

tepee, of canvas

odd-looking clothes

ready to start for school.

No.

RESERVATION.

Names

a

;

number of boys and

girls,

dressed

they have just discarded the blankets,

;

:

2.

STARTING FOR SCHOOL."

Dina

Phillbrick,

Annie Green, Hulda

Harding, Sadie Harding, Rose Harding, Maria Payer, Maggie Raymond,

Frank Old Eagle, Noah Bad Wound, Oliver Provost, John Menard, William Luther, Chester Collins, Arthur Batiste,

Edward Moore,

Moving Voice, John Morris, Jerome

Oliver Standing, Clarence Buffalo, and James Ross.

FLOAT

No.

3.

"AFTER Six MONTHS AT SCHOOL."

Seven boys and six girls, seated at desks, studying lessons, and at work on black-board. A school in full operation, with black-board, chart, etc.

Names

Edna Eagle Feather, Bessie Big Soldier, Rosie Jourdan, Louise Du Bray, Susie Lone Bear, Ray Hendrix, Oliver Solin, Eugene Means, Eddie Bettleyou, Julius Brown, Seymour Fairbanks, and Garfield Runs After Him. of

children

:

Lena

Kassard,

FLOAT

No.

4.

"DRESS-MAKING, TAILORING, AND KNITTING."

Boys and

girls

engaged with those occupations, and one

girl knitting

by machinery.

Names: Louisa Chubb, Sarah Ransom, Prudy Eagle Feather, Pinkie Stevens, Maggie King, Emma Carruth, Ellen Metsell, Sophie Condelario, Emma La Fort, Mary Big Tree, Alice Moore, Joseph Chubb, Thomas TarJames Seymore, Charles Raymond, Charles E. Fisher, Willie Myers, and Richard Kelley.

bel,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. FLOAT

No.

5.

" GIRLS COOKING, BAKING, WASHING,

Names

AND IRONING."

of girls engaged in those employments

Julia Saunders,

47

:

Lola Cloud Shield, Lucy Bonga, Mary Lazor, Susie

Solni, Ella Manchief, Frankie Bear,

Mary

Laurent,

Maud Echo Hawk, and

Willie Boswell.

FLOAT

No.

6.

"TRAINED NURSE."

An

Indian

Pennsylvania.

student of the Nurses' Training School, University of

Sick Indian boy in bed.

Representative physician in at-

Four members of the Indian Base-Ball Club,

tendance.

Name

girl,

of nurse, Lizzie Spider; Physician,

Means, Samuel

J.

in

uniform of club.

R. Justice; Ball club, Bruce

Porter, Willie Hittle, and George Clifford.

FLOAT

No.

7.

" SINGING."

Indian boys and girls singing national girl

playing a reed-organ,

accompanied by an Indian Star-Spangled Banner; America; Hail, Columairs,

Happy Land Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean, etc. Names Nettie Hansell, Cora Carruth, Emily Lyons, Jose La Deaux, Julia Gordon, Lucy Gordon, Annie La Deaux, Sarah Friday Gray, Sarah bia,

;

:

Cole,

Maggie Marsette, Agnes Smoke, Jane Eyre, Annie McDonald, Beth

John Van Meter, Luther Van Meter, Peter Graves, Francis Gurnew, Henry Hudson, Thomas Bero, and Charles Lutz.

Provost,

FLOAT

No.

8.

"MAKING SHOES AND HARNESS."

Names

of Indian boys engaged in those occupations

Charles Rooks,

Henry Moore, Oliver

Oliver Solman, Mitchell Big Tree, Alex.

:

Samuel La Deaux, Ransom, Benjamin Tibbets, and Marrisette,

Willie Warren.

FLOAT

No.

9.

"WEAVING AND BROOM-MAKING."

Names

of boys weaving carpet and making brooms

:

George John Rice, Moses Cole, Joseph Rogue, Samuel Eddie Morris, James Fatten, and Walter Atkins. Ruff,

Mills,

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

48

FLOAT

No.

PROCESSION.

10.

"OUR BAKERY." Indian boys making bread, biscuit, cakes, and pies. Names Charles Du Bray, Charles Means, Benjamin Geary, Lewis Hin:

man, David Back, and Jacob White Eyes.

FLOAT

No.

II.

" FARMING."

Samples of produce raised on the farm and in the garden by the Indian boys: white and sweet potatoes, onions, egg-plants, cabbage, beets, parsnips, etc. turnips, peppers, corn, tomatoes,

Names

on

of boys

Louis Deon, George Deon, Willie Jarvis,

float:

George Raymond, and Alex. Laurent.

The

officers of this

noble charity are as follows

:

Mary McHenry Coxe, First Directress Mrs. Charles Mrs. Thomas K. Conrad, Third Directress Directress

F. Lennig,

;

;

;

Second

Mrs. Samuel

W.

M. Hugg, Superintendent.

Gross, Secretary; and William

EXHIBIT OF ROBERTS & FAY. This firm made an exhibit upon two boards, imitation

exhibited also

of natural

fire-

showing improved blackand deemed superior to it. They

slate,

and water-proof

floats,

paint.

EXHIBIT OF THE "WHEREWITHAL" COMPANY.

A NOVEL AND

An by

UNIQUE SYSTEM OF EDUCATION, DEVISED AND PLANNED BY GEORGE W. TOWNSEND.

obelisk, twelve feet high,

mounted upon a pedestal seven

three and a half feet high, placed

upon a two-horse truck

;

feet

long

the obelisk

having twenty-four panels, upon top panels giving eight inventions and " their inventors, the middle eight panels devoted to the Wherewithal" by " a Philadelphian, the lower eight panels of obelisk having the words, Education

now

has

its

wherewithal."

"

No

text-book complete without this

"

Old system, too many words." " New system, seven words." The pedestal having testimonials from prominent educators as to the

system."

value of the system.

with the words,

"For

The

exhibit, or top of the obelisk,

national

having a streamer,

advancement by exalted citizenship;" and

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. above the streamer an American eagle,

flying,

and

in its

49

beak a book,

copy

"

Wherewithal" system. The two caparisoned horses drawing the " The educational renaissance of exhibit having on their covers the words, of the

The

1887."

pedestal on which

guidons, each of blue and red

the obelisk was mounted having three "

s~atin,

gold

letters,

Froebel, 1837;

1800; and the 'Wherewithal,' 1887."

Peslatozzi,

The "Wherewithal"

is

intended to obviate the defects so apparent in

our present educational system, where so much little

naming,

is

learned

by

rote,

and so

assimilation.

by

SIXTH DIVISION. COMBINED EXHIBIT, UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE MASTER BUILDERS' AND LUMBERMEN'S EXCHANGES. The arrangements

for the formation of the Sixth Division

were made

under the auspices of the Master Builders' and Lumbermen's Exchanges, of Philadelphia, in conjunction with the Building Trades' Council.

In har-

the general character of the demonstration these bodies prepared

mony with

to exhibit a systematic representation of the contrasts in the building line

between the methods and materials of one hundred years ago and those employed at the present day. In making up the division, the various interests were assigned to positions in the line in accordance with the priority in

which they are employed

in the construction

of a building, from the founda-

tion up.

Beginning with the trades, therefore, that followed the Lumber-

men and

Building Trades' Council, the stone-masons had the right of the

and the painters and carpenters the according as their services would be called line

The

division,

as follows

when formed, was

Assistant Marshal.

resenting

the other trades falling in

complete a building.

nearly two miles long, and was

made up

:

NEAPOLITAN BAND.

Aides.

left,

in to

JOHN

(Thirty pieces.) J.

PROFESSOR

F. CURCI, Leader.

WEAVER.

ROBERT PASCHALL, ENOCH REMICK, and JOHN B. ATKINSON, repthe Master Builders' Exchange A. C. SMITH, WILLIAM H. THOMAS, ;

and M. D. KUNKLE, representing the Building Trades' Council

;

all

mounted.

MASTER BUILDERS AND LUMBERMEN. BANNER OF THE MASTER BUILDERS' EXCHANGE.

This was a beautiful banner of blue and white

silk,

with battle-axe and

spear-head on the ends of the crossbar and eagle on the

staff.

Golden

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

50

and bar with imitations of emer-

cable cords were suspended from the staff alds, rubies, etc., "

Builders'

arms.

city's coat of

the white silk was the inscription, in golden

Exchange of Philadelphia," surrounding the On the blue side was a similar inscription, with the

The Master

letters,

On

imbedded.

PROCESSION.

addition, "Chartered

February 17, 1887." Two open barouches followed, containing the officers of the Exchange, D. A. Woelpper and George Roydas follows President, John S. Stevens :

;

Obdyke, Chairman Celebration Committee; Robert C. Lippincott, President Lumbermen's Exchange, and William Harkness, Jr. Wm. H. Albertson, Secretary Charles H. Reeves, Treasurer.

house, Vice-Presidents

;

B. P.

;

;

CAVALCADE. S. B.

Sub-Marshal.

Members in

of the Master Builders' and

dark clothes,

Among

VROOMAN.

silk hats,

others

Lumbermen's Exchange, dressed

white gloves, and badges.

mounted were the

following, or their representatives

Walter F. Bradley, Charles H. Reeves, Rush Irvine,

Wm.

Prince,

A.

J.

Harkness,

Jr.,

Wm.

J.

Wm.

Whiteside,

B.

Shedwick, John T. O'Brien, John F.

Buvinger, John Atkinson,

J.

Sims Wilson,

Tyrley Allen, Charles Benton, O. D. Brownback,

&

J.

:

J.

Rex

W.

Allen,

N. Reed,

J.

Hugh Boyd

&

Brother, Samuel E. Stokes, S. B. Vrooman, W. H. Harrison & Brother, Frank Pettit, C. J. Barlow, Zell Tucker, William Staley, Joseph Bird, of the Master Builders' Exchange, R. C. Horr, Nathan

Son, John G. Ruff, Peoples

Gaskill,

and Robert Heberton. of the Lumbermen's Exchange.

LUMBERMEN'S EXCHANGE. Sub-Marshal.

EDWARD M. WILLARD. FLOAT

Two

No.

i.

logs from the forests of Pennsylvania, weighing seven tons each,

and measuring sixty

feet in length,

each log on a

FLOAT Float containing a pit-saw and two

FLOAT Float drawn by eight made by London, Berry

No.

men sawing No.

Orton.

drawn by

six horses.

2.

a log in the old

style.

3.

horses, containing a

&

float

band-saw twenty

feet high,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. FLOAT

No.

51

4.

Float drawn by eight horses, containing a load of planks, boards, and other manufactured lumber in the rough.

FLOAT Another

float represented

length, with tools and two

olden times,

when

float

5.

an old-fashioned work-bench, sixteen

men working

flooring as

it

was worked

feet in

in the

the capacity from sunrise to sunset was two hundred and

sixty, feet per day.

A

No.

FLOAT

following

presented

the

No.

6.

improved planing-machine, with a This exhibit was made by L.

capacity of thirteen thousand feet per day.

Powers

&

Co.

FLOAT Still

another

float

No.

7.

exhibited a surfacing-machine, which had a capacity

smoothing off boards twenty-six inches wide, and smoothing them on both sides at the same time. This machine was calculated to plane upward for

of thirty thousand feet of lumber in a day.

It

was exhibited by Goodall

&

Waters.

A

load of surfaced lumber was also exhibited.

THE BUILDING TRADES' COUNCIL. THOMAS PARRY.

Sub-Marshal. Aides.

JOHN

J.

HEISE and WALTER EDGAR.

GREAT WESTERN BAND.

JAMES F. McCANN, Leader.

(Twenty-three pieces.)

The Building Trades' Council followed in the following order: Handsome white and blue banner, with gold trimmings and inscription, "

Building Trades' Council, of Philadelphia and Vicinity." National

flag.

Guests of the Building Trades' Council from the Building Trades' Section of the Central Labor Union, of New York Eugene T. Rice, Thomas ;

Rogers, John G. Jones, and Robert Trades of Building Jersey City, Daniel Spencer.

Maher, Charles

P.

P. Davis.

Building Trades' Council, delegates wearing dark clothes,

From

stiff hats,

the

and

blue badges.

The

representation

was not

as large as

was expected on account of most

of the delegates being retained in their local unions.

CIVIC

52

The

AND INDUSTRIAL

delegates in line were as follows

William E.

PROCESSION.

:

A. H. Bushnell, Lewis C. Chambers, Joel Paullin, M.

Hill,

F. Pitts, Thos. Fields, Eli Leach, Robert

McCool, James Goodman, Hugh Owens, John Colgne, Mr. Cavanaugh, Dennis Hogan, M. F. Roberts, J. Henry Bircks, Frank Spiegelbarg, William Bendell, Matthew Schaeffer, William Fullar, Hubert

J.

Conwell, and John Hann.

STONE-MASONS. Sub-Marshal.

JOHN

F.

MUMPOLING.

JAMES SCHOFIELD, HARRY LIPP, THOMAS ROACH, JOHN ARDER, SIMON PASQUALE, WILLIAM KROH, ELIAS FARRELL, and EDWARD BANE. Aides.

CITY BAND OF PHILADELPHIA. Stone-Masons' Unions Nos.

Germantown; No.

5,

face of

which was

2,

and

Manayunk, and No.

Banner, white and blue "

i,

(Twenty

United

silk,

we

JACOB LANG, Leader.

pieces.)

3 (Italian), Philadelphia;

No.

4,

Bryn Mawr.

6,

representing a Corinthian arch, over the

Stand, Divided

we

Fall."

Underneath was

"Journeymen Stone-Masons' Association, of Philadelphia and Vicinity." On the reverse side was the inscription, " With Stone and Lime we Build for all

Time."

Banner, Italian branch, blue and red

" silk,

inscribed,

Italian

Stone-

Masons' Union, No. 3, of Philadelphia." The banner presented emblems of the trade and of the organization, and the motto, " In Union there is Strength."

American

flag.

Italian flag, silk.

Wagon of the German stone-masons, with stone, mortar, workmen preparing a modern stone wall. Five hundred men wearing white pants, blue shirts, white

tools,

and

caps,

and

badges.

COMBINED BRICKMAKERS. Sub-Marshal. Aides.

SAMUEL HUHN.

CHARLES YOUNG and ROBERT PASCHALL.

Brick manufacturers in carriages, T. R. Sheets,

and

McAvoy,

C. B. Siner, Peter

Harry Webster, L. E. Jarden, George Dotterer, James Milnamow,

others.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. BRICKMAKERS' ASSOCIATION.

53

(Down-Town.)

t

BARTLETT ARMBRUSTER.

Sub-Marshal.

FRANK McAvov.

Aide.

GRAY'S FERRY FIFE Blue

AND DRUM BAND.

WILLIAM AKERS, Leader.

silk banner.

Large transparency containing

this

Brickmakers of Philadelphia.

announcement: Capacity of production

:

1787

1,000,000 a year.

1787

1887

391,000,000 a year.

1887

Four hundred men wearing white hats and

blue

belts,

shirts,

dark pants,

and blue badges.

THE CLAY ASSEMBLY OF KNIGHTS. JOHN McMAHON. THOMAS J. OWENS, GEORGE PETERSON, and ROBERT RISLEY.

Sub-Marshal. Aides. "

BROWN" BAND.

Q.

(Eighteen pieces.)

A

MCKNIGHT, Leader.

Clay Local Assembly, No. 6789, Knights of Labor (brickmakers). National

flags.

Handsome

blue and red banner, inscribed,

"

Clay Local Assembly, No.

6789, Knights of Labor, Brickmakers, organized April 29, 1886."

Four hundred men wearing blue ties, and blue badges.

shirts,

brown

hats, white belts, white

MASTER BRICKLAYERS. Sub-Marshal.

Banner in red

" :

and blue

Twenty follows:

P. C.

BALLINGER.

Master Bricklayers' Company of Philadelphia, instituted 1790," silk.

carriages, containing officers

Henry R. Coulomb,

and members of the company, as

President;

Edward

S.

Fitch,

Secretary;

Stephen Morris, Treasurer; Jacob Loeser and Nathan Middleton (oldest

member), Samuel Hart, Joseph B. Hancock, John H. Miller, Miles King, Michael Magee, M. Ballinger, John E. Moore, Michael B. Andress, William Smith, William Harper, Jr., John Furman, Benjamin Shrouds, Lewis Snyder, Joseph H. Weston, Henry Einwechter, Theodore J. Fimple, David Armstrong, Joseph Brant, Joseph H. Howard, W. R. Chapman, S. E. Moore, J. H. Faries, John A. Potts, F. N. Forsyth, John T. Gordon, David Getz,

CIVIC

54

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

George Einwechter, Charles Einwechter, George P. Einwechter, John A. Einwechter, Thomas Nagee, Robert Studholme, Joseph P. Evans, James W. Saunders, John Borden, William

W.

Crane, William Shelley, Daniel Henon,

John Henon, Edward T. Black, John C. Atkinson, John Escandel, John R. Fullerton, John H. Fullerton, H. M. Boorse, Andrew Diamond, Charles

W.

Stewart, B. L. Collom,

C. Hyzer, Isaac D. Hetzel,

John W.

Gill,

Wil-

liam Fullerton, L. H. Eckart, E. U. Lippincott, James Turner, William R.

Green,

Ruben Owens, John Hendricks, John George, George W. Payne, C. Mullen, William Stilley, E. E.

John G. Moore, William

Nock, Charles

Ryan, John D. Brosnahan, James F. Hoctar, S. P. Forder, E. E. Kelley, Jacob R. George, William J. Gillingham, John Campbell, M. Naughton, H. D. Saunders, and J. T. Glenn.

HOD-CARRIERS.

THOMAS

Sub-Marshal. Aides.

C. KING.

ISAAC B. MATTHEWS, G. H. MASSEY, CHARLES WESTON, JOHN

O'BRIEN.

WEST CHESTER LIBERTY CORNET BAND.

W.

(Twenty-six pieces.)

II.

THOMAS,

Leader.

Light Star Lodge No.

I.

Officers, in barouches, as follows

Daniel

Tynch

Financial Secretary, H.

Banner:

W.

Fields

;

Recording Secretary, R. D.

;

ex-President,

Treasurer, William

F. Miller;

I.

Vice-President,

;

President, B. F. Trusty

:

Jenkins;

Britt.

"

Light Star Lodge No. i, United Hod-Carriers' and Laborers' Union, Philadelphia," with representation of a man carrying the hod up the

On

ladder after the old fashion. stituted

March

Another

28,

silk

the reverse side was the inscription,

"

In-

1881."

banner, presented to the Union June 20, 1882, was also

carried in line.

PIONEER CORPS.

men wearing white suits and black caps, with blue badges Some of the men carried hods. They were accompanied by

Five hundred

and a

rosette.

float

containing an upright ladder, and a

number of hods.

FLOATS OF THE BRICKMAKERS.

FLOAT

The

first float,

eight

by

decorated with plumes and

i.

was drawn by four sorrel horses The seat of this float was decorated also

sixteen

flags.

No.

feet,

55 with

flags,

ringing.

a half full

and

to the

left

of the seat a small-sized

Near the

feet high.

table

was a

of sand for sanding the mould the

site

bell,

half-barrel tub

On

on the table.

dinner-bell

was kept

square by

three and

on a two-foot

stool,

the front corner, oppo-

was being tempered by a man kneading

this

his feet, preparing

for the

it

man

with

it

at the table.

FLOAT

No.

2.

This was of the same style as Float No.

I,

and was drawn by four bays.

"

Old way cutting and rubbing front bricks In the centre of the float was a pile of three hundred bricks,

the side was the inscription,

by hand."

feet

for one pile of clay as taken from the bank, sufficient

was a

thousand bricks, and

On

field

Behind the seat was a wooden table four

around which were four men rubbing them with sand as they came from the moulds, shown on Float No. I, and then trimming them with ordinary table case-knives.

FLOAT S. P. Miller

&

No.

3.

Son's exhibit, showing three specimens of the progress

of brick-pressing machinery from hand to steam

The

machinery, which has

The machines shown were made

taken place within the past half-century.

was a hand-press in use for several years, from 1830 to about 1850, formerly made by Burns & Co., of Baltimore. It was an iron frame or table, three feet long by two and a half feet high, and one foot of iron.

first

wide.

On pacity

this 1

machine's banner was inscribed, " Old style hand-press

ca-

300 per day."

The improvements in hand-presses was shown by another iron similar in size and make to the old one, the principal changes being reversal of the lever,

which was thrown

mizing the actions of the little

:

workman.

in or

It

press, in the

towards the brick-box, econo-

was about

six inches longer

and a

higher.

took the bricks from the brick-making machines and prepared them " for the dryer. Its banner said, Capacity 20,000 per day." It

FLOAT

No.

AN OLD-TIME

4.

KILN.

Six iron-gray horses, with their harness bound in yellow patent leather, drew an old brick-kiln, four by eight feet, of three brick arches, which could

CIVIC

56

AND INDUSTRIAL

burn about two thousand bricks

PROCESSION.

a time, against two hundred and

at

fifty

"

thousand by a modern kiln and on the side was, 1787. Old way burning brick by wood." There was a cord of pine knots being thrown in by ;

two men, who used a crooked wooden

FLOAT "

stick for a poker.

No.

5.

The way we make them now by hand" was on

which was of the regular

size,

with four roan horses.

a four-foot table, like the one on Float No.

moulds

by a man making

in operation

" off-bearer,"

"As we

press

operating the

them now" was on

Kueny

This

press.

modern hand-press, except the horse" or large lever below.

Kueny

where there were two iron

by hand. A boy was the the mould from a pile of clay

bricks

and a man wheeled material to

FLOAT

a

float,

Behind the seat was

steam.

ground by

"

i,

the side of this

press for

making

is

No.

6.

this float,

articulation

On

which exhibited two men

similar in construction to the ordinary

this float

of the hand-lever with the

were two other men working

pattern bricks of the various shapes used in

cornice ornamentation.

FLOAT

No.

7.

This began the display by Chambers Bros. & Co., on a platform, nine by twenty feet, drawn by four bay horses, with plumes and flags. The banner indicated, " 1787 Process of manu1887, Chambers Bros. & Co. facturing brick.

There was an upright with water-tank, coal-box, etc., and

Six hundred millions annually."

steam-engine on one side of the centre, a supply of brick-clay, raw dirt as taken fresh from the bank, tempered with water, and prepared by the sand and moulds for the dryer. The

machine was on a large box-table, and was a working model, one-fourth the regular size, which is fifty feet long by eight high and four wide.

With

this

machine nine men

sand bricks

in ten hours.

old hand-press, in the

same

with steam-power

this

fifty

thou-

To make time,

the same number of bricks by the would require over one hundred men.

FLOAT

On

can turn out

No.

the "Artificial Brick-Dryer

the past two years, was shown.

8.

Pallet System," invented within

This was a brick tunnel, four

feet

wide

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. and four

feet high,

and a coal furnace

with an escape at one end to carry off the moisture, fire

at the other.

FLOAT

On

57

the next float was shown

No.

"A

9.

collection of ancient bricks

and

tiles taken from a kiln that was unearthed by graders on the Pensacola Trees nine feet in circumference were growing and Atlantic Railroad.

over this

in size

ranging

who

Citizens of Florida

kiln.

remembrance of

its

origin."

There was

recall

from an inch and a half to

FLOAT

No.

sixty-five years

in addition fifteen

have no

a collection of bricks

inches long.

10.

Machinery for an improved method of preparing the clay and making was exhibited by George Carnell. On the front part of the float was placed an old style hand-press, such as was formerly used in pressing bricks

brick.

Back of

this

was one of the

latest patent Carnell steam-presses,

by

which as many bricks can be pressed in one hour as a man could press in a day formerly. display of what is known to the brickmakers as a

A

steam-mill was also made.

One

of these machines,

it

is

said, will

grind

and prepare enough clay to keep twelve gangs of three men each well supplied with sufficient clay to turn out two thousand two hundred and forty bricks a

day per gang.

FLOAT

On

No.

ii.

another float was N. M. Kinney's exhibit of improved machinery

by hand, and also improved machinery for temperAlso on this float was a machine for sharpening and squaring

for pressing front brick

ing clay. brick.

FLOAT Another

float

No.

12.

contained a four-by-eight-foot kiln of three brick arches,

with iron doors and door-frames, iron grating, with ridge-pole and board Bituminous coal was shovelled roof, for burning bricks the modern way. " by two men. On the side of the float was, Old style, 25,000 in seven days and seven nights new style, 250,000 in five days and five nights." Motto " No handicraft with us compare we make our bricks of what in

;

:

;

we

are,

clay."

On

the centre of the platform was a mantel, four feet high by six feet From each end of this was a double long, of ornamental red-clay boxes. VOL.

II.

9

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

58

row of

shelves,

made by

of supporting displays of pressed bricks

&

L. E. Jarden

Following

PROCESSION.

this

many

shapes,

Co.

were a number of brick-drying machines, making

in

A

seventeen exhibits on the part of the brickmakers. portion of the the Clay Assembly of Knights in the line of march. floats

all

preceded

JOHN BYRD'S ROOFING EXHIBIT. JOHN BYRD.

Sub-Marshal.

The wagons

in this display

were covered with bunting, and around the

iron. platform of each was a cornice of galvanized

FLOAT

The

first float

five feet

No.

i.

represented a primitive bark cabin, four

high from base to cone, and on

it

an old German

The

tying the bundles of straw in place.

straw was

by

six feet,

thatcher at

first

made up

these bundles, which were two and a half to three feet in length

These bundles were

inches in diameter, tied with thongs.

by work

by

into five

laid side

by

side in a tier across the roof, their butts overlapping the tier next lower.

FLOAT

On

square, triangle,

2.

work placing shingles of red tile, as on a square cone roof. The tile was of various shapes,

the next float one

at the present time,

man was

No.

at

and round-cornered, the predominating color being

FLOAT

No.

red.

3.

The

This illustrated ornamental slate-roofing.

slate

was of

different

patterns, the edges of uniform angles and curves, the material used being red, green,

and black.

FLOAT

The climax

No.

4.

of roof-making as an art was

shown on another

float, it

representing the latest style of French mansard square slate roof.

The

was about ten by fourteen feet, with a dormer window on the and a tower on the left front corner, looking from the inside. Through

structure left

the

window appeared

the driver of the

float,

and on the roof one man was

busy nailing on shingles. On the cone of the roof was a comb, twelve inches high, of a succession of circular figures, and from this dropped down on the slate twelve inches

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. figures, all in

an apron of similar

hand-hammered copper, as was

down each corner

design supported by box sides running At the base of the roof the cornice.

'down three

columns, about two

feet apart,

also a rope-

of the roof to the

hammered copper cornice dropped was made up of diminutive Corinthian

This cornice

feet.

59

to correspond with the size of the float.

columns were panels consisting of a rustic box-border, enclosing a spiral radiation about eight inches square, all of one piece. The tower was made to begin at the eaves, with imitation stone three feet

Between

the

high, reaching to another three-foot copper face of Gothic leaves.

upward was the

turret

and the cone

finial.

The

Thence

design was made by Mr.

Byrd.

FLOAT

On

another

float

took the metal from this roof.

The

five

5.

was a house being roofed with rolls which were prepared by

it

machine was

by three men, who

tin five

other

men under

method of taking the metal from

represented the latter

square blocks and working use, the Calvert

No.

into the rolls.

In addition to the benches in

at work.

TIN ROOFERS AND SHEET-IRON WORKERS. Sub-Marshal's Aide. Sixty belts,

men were

in

ANTHONY QUINN. line. They wore blue

polka-dot neckties,

and blue

shirts,

white overalls, white

felt hats.

PLUMBERS AND THE TRADE SCHOOL. Sub-Marshal.

FRANK

P.

BROWN.

FLOAT

A

section of the old

No.

I.

wooden water-pipe which

carried the water from

"

City Water- Works," in Centre Square, now the site of the new City It represented the Hall, was displayed upon the first float. water-pipe of

the

the last century,

when

iron pipe

tapered at the ends and "

was not

bound by

in use,

and when the sections were

iron ferrules.

The

inscription

was

Wooden Water-Pipe

of Philadelphia in 1799; largest size, 6-inch bore." old pipe was taken from under the City Hall not long since, and was in a remarkable state of preservation, measuring eighteen feet in

The

length,

and showing the tapering

points.

CIVIC

60

AND INDUSTRIAL FLOAT

On

a catamaran behind

it

No.

PROCESSION.

2.

was a section of the

present day, exhibited by R. D.

Wood &

The

Co.

largest water-pipe of the

iron pipe

was six

feet in

diameter.

FLOAT Next came a

No.

float eighteen feet long,

3.

containing a representation of the

"bath-rooms of 1799 and 1887."

The old-style room contained an oval-shaped portable tub, that would for a horse-trough in these days, an old straw-bound log hydrant, mistaken be and a wash-stand, consisting of a cross-piece on the tub with a tin basin resting

on

it.

The modern room contained and water-closet on a

lain wash-stand,

FLOAT Behind these exhibits was a

a neatly-lined tub, fancy porce-

tiled floor.

No.

4.

float representing

the

"

Master Plumbers'

Trade School," with a dozen boys, dressed in overalls, jackets, and caps, at " work " in lead pipe." An inscription announced this as The First Trade School

for

The boys gave

Apprentices in the United States."

exhibitions

of their progress in the trade.

DOORS, SASH,

CHARLES GILLINGHAM.

Sub-Marshal.

Three

floats

AND MILL WORK.

under the auspices of the Philadelphia Saw- and Planing-

Mill Association.

FLOAT

No.

i.

drawn by four horses, represented an " old-fashioned carpenter-shop," with two carpenter's benches, and men at work making doors.

The

first float,

FLOAT

No.

2.

"

drawn by six horses, the new mode of making doors and manufactured work" was demonstrated with the necessary machinery

On

another

and men

float,

in attendance.

FLOAT

The

third

exhibit,

on a

float

No.

3.

drawn by four horses, consisted of a

pyramid, on which finished work was adjusted. This included doors, sash, window-frames, and wood mantels, finely finished in oak, white pine, ash, walnut, and other fancy hard and soft woods.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

61

LATHERS. JACOB D. HANLEY.

Sub-Marshal.

FLOAT. Decorated

float,

containing an arch showing methods of lathing, under "

the auspices of the

Lathers' Mutual Protective

Union of Philadelphia."

The

design was so arranged as to illustrate the various kinds of lathing which the changing styles of modern houses render necessary.

The suits,

association mustered about thirty men, dressed in white canvas

carrying the national

flags.

OLD AND NEW IN PLASTERING. JOHN CANNON.

Sub-Marshal.

JAMES MALONE, EDWARD DONNELLY, MICHAEL KELLY, MICHAEL

Aides.

WELSH, ROBERT CLAY.

MASTER AND JOURNEYMEN PLASTERERS' COMBINED EXHIBIT. AMERICUS BAND.

Banner, blue and red "

(Twenty

pieces.)

THOMAS COBBIN,

Leader.

silk.

Operative Plasterers' Mutual Protective Association," with representa-

tion of a plasterer at work.

Two

Date of organization,

"

September

5,

1879."

silk flags.

FLOAT

No.

i.

On

one large float was given a representation of the various grades of plastering, such as ordinary white coating, hard finishing, sand finishing, finishing in colors,

and pebble dashing.

The pebble dashing years ago. The pebbles

a revival of a method employed one hundred then, however, were thrown into mortar, the whole

is

Costing from twenty to twenty-five cents per square yard, while are thrown

into cement, at a cost of

now they

from one dollar to one dollar and a

half per square yard.

The second

float

FLOAT

No.

contained tools,

etc.,

About two hundred journeymen jackets and

overalls

and white

hats.

2.

used

in

the trade.

plasterers turned out, dressed in white

CIVIC

62

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

METAL WORKERS. Sub-Marshal.

W.

Aides.

B.

S.

J.

THORN.

GODDARD, EUGENE CROCKET, and WILLIAM DOYLE. WASHINGTON GRAYS' BAND. SECOND REGIMENT FIFE AND DRUM CORPS.

BANNER WAGON. Blue

silk

banner, mechanic's

arm

;

"

and banner,

Thorn's Architectural

Sheet-Metal Work."

Decorated wagon, containing aged or disabled workmen. One hundred men from Thorn's shop, wearing dark-blue flannel blue overalls, black silk neckties, dark

Each man

carried tools, such as

felt

hammers,

hats,

shirts,

and light-yellow badges.

sledges, or soldering-irons.

One platoon carried beautifully-ornamented weather-vanes on staves, and another carried the colors. In the centre of the company was carried a handsome blue the inscription

banner, with a mechanic's

silk

arm and hammer on

it,

and

:

"

By hammer and hand All arts do stand."

This motto was used ago.

Each of the

in the great industrial

officers carried

decorated hammers.

FLOAT Behind the men came a

parade of one hundred years

No.

i.

drawn by four horses, containing a finial twenty-five feet high. The base was of copper, and on top was an eagle with a six-feet spread. On the eagle's head was a large gilded ball, and on float,

top of that a cross.

FLOAT

The next

2.

drawn by two horses, bore a massive copper

long and seven

feet

an

float,

No.

feet high.

One paw

of the figure held a

lion nine

hammer

over

anvil.

FLOATS

An The

old steeple from

"

Nos. 3 AND

4.

1783" was drawn by two horses on the next

float.

old shingle roof and quaint weather-vane bore a striking contrast to the

magnificent octagon-shaped copper spire that followed on a truck with four spirited horses.

To

the trade the material used

is

known

as "cold-rolled,

a

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

64 on

illustrated

it

are said to be of a similar character to those

A

manufacturers in Holland to-day.

proved

fireplace, portable grate,

in contrast to the old

way

as

it

black

and new

by Sharpless

&

FLOAT Another

PROCESSION.

mahogany

made by

mantel, with im-

style of decorating,

was presented

Watts.

No.

2.

workmen manufacturing mosaic in the same olden time. The mosaic of to-day, it was said, is

float represented

was made

substantially the

when used on

in

same

in the

product and method of manufacture as

it

was

the floors in Pompeii.

In this section the Philadelphia Exhaust Ventilator

Company exhibited " The Black-

an eight-foot iron ventilating steam-fan, with the inscription, man wheel moves 200,000 cubic feet of air per minute."

FLOAT Another

new

float,

heaters,

and

No.

3.

by George W. Hartman, presented old and " The Keystone Metal Stove-

displayed

another exhibited

still

Boards.

PAINTS Sub-Marshal.

Four

AND

ADOLPH HEINE.

interesting displays

on

floats

FLOAT

On

the

the ancient

first 1

GLASS.

was a

were made. No.

i.

which the men were working with mullers of ancient stone style on a stone slab. They were

table, at

wooden and

less

grinding paint in the old

way.

Beside them was an old-fashioned kettle, with two cannon-balls inside for grinding

white lead

;

the kettle was suspended, and the balls were

made

around over the white lead by pushing and turning the kettle. In addition to this was an illustration of the old system of stirring paints in a keg with a stick. The whole was labelled " Philadelphia Paint Grinding, to roll

1787."

Each of the four horses drawing the float was led by a man wearing a cape and a straw hat. The men at work on the wagon were dressed in Continental uniform, including knee-breeches, low shoes, old style muslin shirts,

big collars, and three-cornered hats, wigs, and queues.

of the times was the label,

"

All paints imported."

Indicative

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. FLOAT The

No.

65

2.

display on the second float presented the contrast.

There was a

ten horse-power engine and boiler running the stone burr-mill, until recently

known as the " horizontal mill," and, run with much greater velocity than hereto-

common use. This mill is where now in use, is generally

also

in

fore.

FLOAT

No.

3.

Behind the burr-mill was the modern or

of rollers

roller-mill, consisting

lying contiguous and running in opposite directions, sending the paint from

one to the other, and grinding

it

for use.

FLOAT

No.

4.

The paddle-mixers, now run by steam, were also illustrated. The three men attending the machines were dressed in the garb of modern workmen, and the display was labelled " Paint Grinding, 1887," with the progress in the trade: protective

tariff,

"

this reference to

Philadelphia produces annually, under a

1887.

84,000,000 pounds of paint."

GLASS.

The progress hibited

by Hires

in the

&

manufacture of glass was shown on two

this float

No.

it

was

labelled

"Window

was a pane measuring Size

glass in the

made

United

i.

were four frames, containing four

"colored glass made in this country." inches,

ex-

Co.

FLOAT

On

floats

fifty

in 1887,"

States.

The

Glass

A

lights each, of

ornamented

window-frame, seven by nine

Largest size

made

by

Near

in 1787."

seventy-five inches, labelled

"

Window

being the largest size of cylinder glass made

first

process in making

window and

picture glass

was shown, also "blow-pipes used in making window and picture The whole story was then summed up in this sign

glass."

:

"Progress

in

window and

picture glass: 1787, one small factory; 1887,

142 factories, employing 7000 hands, producing 175,000,000 square valued at $6,000,000.

FLOAT

A piece of plate glass, measuring inches, followed VOL.

II.

10

feet,

Capital invested, $4,000,000."

on the next

float,

to

No.

2.

ninety-six

show the

by one hundred and eighty size of plate glass made in

CIVIC

66

the United States.

Accompanying no

1787,

plate glass:

AND INDUSTRIAL

was the

it

" label,

Progress in polished 1887, six fac-

1870, one small factory;

factories;

Value of product, $4,000.000.

employing 2500 hands.

tories,

PROCESSION.

Capital

invested, $450,000."

MASTER PAINTERS. Sub-Marshal.

Three

CHARLES MCCARTY.

carriages, containing officers

Association, as follows: Joseph tary

;

Maurice Joy, Treasurer

;

and members of the Master

Chapman, President;

Wm.

B. Carlile,

J.

Painters'

F. F. Black, Secre-

B. Scattergood, Stephen

D. Cole, John Stewart, M. McCarron, Albert Shur, James Taylor,

Wm.

Pegley,

W.

Graham, and

J.

Wm.

Hayes.

FLOAT.

Large "

float,

The

senting

the combined exhibit of employers and journeymen, repre-

Painting Industry of Philadelphia."

On

one side two houses

were painted, one representing the old style, with painters and a ladder, and a structure daubed red and green; the other representing the new, with painters

on swing

stages, trestles, etc., applying the

modern "

tints.

Shop" of one hundred years ago, and the modern establishment, with elaborate offices and hundred appointments. On the rear of the design the whitewashing of one years ago was contrasted with the frescoing of 1887.

On

the other side of the float were two shops, the

Paint

JOURNEYMEN PAINTERS. Sub-Marshal. Aides.

JOHN SAGE,

Sr.

BENJAMIN R. NEILDS, PATRICK MCMENAMIN.

COLUMBIA BAND. Banner, in blue silk

" :

Presented to the Journeymen

Association of Philadelphia, A.D.

1866,"

House

Painters'

containing representation

of

a

phoenix over the painters' shield, with rampant tigers facing each other. Under the shield were the words, " Love, Honor, Obedience." Three bannerets, explaining the significance of these words, were displayed. first,

"

We

in red silk, read,

HONOR

Upwards hats, with

its

The

"We

institutions

LOVE our country;" the second, in white silk, " We OBEY her laws." ;" the third, in blue silk,

of one hundred

men

turned out, dressed in white shirts and

brushes in the pockets of the overalls.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. THE OLD LOG

67

CABIN.

Behind the painters came an old log cabin representing, as nearly as skilled workmen of the present day could reproduce it, the abode of the settlers

of one hundred years ago.

The interior of the cabin was ten feet by twelve, and seven feet high. The walls were of unplaned hemlock logs, dove-tailed at the corners the ;

roof was peaked, with several logs fastened lengthwise to add to the strength of the structure, and the only avenue of entrance and exit, a door-way on

was secured by a door on wooden hinges, with the old wooden latch and cross-bar. one

side,

A window in

style

the front of the cabin lighted the interior, and through a

"

chunk chimney," in the rear, the smoke from a fire, which was kept burning on the inside, passed out into the open air. The crevices between the logs were roughly plastered with an admixture of clay and cement, to protect the

occupants of the cabin from rain and wind.

On

either side of the

cabin trees were planted that had been secured from a Pennsylvania forest.

The

cabin was built under the direction of George Washington while

under the auspices of the Building Trades' Council.

CARPENTERS AND STAIR-BUILDERS. Sub-Marshal.

CONSTANTINE THORN.

WILLIAM

Aides.

F.

EBERHARDT, THOMAS FLEMING, ISAAC REYNOLDS,

ISAAC BELOUR.

CECILIA BAND.

(Twenty

pieces.)

PETER BURNS, Leader.

Twelve pioneers, with genuine broadaxes, Captain Harry Bowstead. New silk banner " Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, :

instituted

August

12,

1881."

Silk flag.

Banner recently presented to Local Union, No. 8, Brotherhood "of Carpenters and Joiners, by Tallman & McFadden. This banner was found not long since blue

silk,

in the old

about six

mansion, No. 307 South Third Street.

feet

long by four

feet wide,

and was

It is

of pale

"

painted by

I.

A.

Vanchost, 1835."

The

following description of

The banner was stated

on one

side,

it

is

recalled

:

painted for the Journeymen Carpenters' Association, as with the addition that the body was instituted in June,

68

CIVIC

The

1835.

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION. work, with implements of the act of tapping one of the

frontispiece represents carpenters at

their trade lying around.

workmen on

A

youth

is

in

the shoulder with one hand, and with the other pointing to a

neighboring steeple clock, which denoted the hour of six. Prominent in the foreground is a block on which is inscribed the legend, "Six to six," the watchword of the mechanics of those days. On the reverse side

is

whom

she

is

the painting of a female representing America, supporting

and surrounded by one male and two female Indians, to " pointing out the motto of the Association, Union and Intelli-

the American

flag,

The

gence, the path to Independence." state of preservation, was,

it

banner, which

is

in

an excellent

stated, carried in the Lafayette celebration

is

parade in 1835.

About 800 men,

They

all

represented

neatly uniformed, turned out with the brotherhood.

the Unions

and

in Philadelphia

including

vicinity,

They wore lead-colored hats, white shirts with turn-down coland black ties, and muslin aprons with the name and emblem of the

Camden. lars

brotherhood imprinted on them.

inscriptions being here given

The men

number of

In the line they had a

canes.

" :

also carried dowel-rods for

interesting banners,

Our Brotherhood

is

some of the

42,000 strong."

"

We

"

work only nine hours a day." We aid the sick and help the widows and " Trades' Union men are loyal to American Institutions." orphans."

The German Union bore a unique banner, being made of strongly woven together. The banner was beautifully painted, and

shavings attracted

a great deal of attention.

About midway in the line was the Ivy Camden, Thomas Miles, drum-major.

Fife

and

Drum

Corps, of

THE MODERN COTTAGE. The modern

cottage,

which was

built in three weeks, at

Broad and

Dauphin Streets, under the auspices of the Master Builders' Exchange and the Building Trades' Council, brought up the rear .of the line in the Sixth Division,

and represented the culmination of a hundred years of progress

in

the building trades.

The

cottage was built

by union carpenters, under the direction of J. W. and was Sutcliffe, painted by union men, under the direction of John Sage, Sr. The architect was E. W. Thorne. The design was in the Swiss cottage style,

with peaked roof and dormer windows.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL,

69

having a frontage equally as long as In front was a fourthat of the average dwelling-house constructed to-day. ornamental and to foot porch, with steps leading up it, fancy posts, railings. It

was nearly eighteen

feet square,

The doors were

In the rear was a wash-house, four feet by seven. latest

of the

make, on brass hinges, and the windows were of white and stained

glass, in fancy sash.

The

front

door opened into a reception

hall,

with a magnificent oak

stair-

way open space measuring eight by seven and one-half feet, The parlor was beautifully and the ceiling being six feet in the clear. at the side, the

papered, and presented a most inviting aspect, being elegantly furnished, and

containing an open fireplace and Its size

persons to

mahogany

mantel.

was ten by seven and one-half feet, large enough

move about

for half a

The dining-room behind

comfortably.

dozen

the parlor

and the kitchen on the right were of a uniform height of six feet, the dimensions of the former being eight by nine feet, and the latter eight by seven.

These rooms were also neatly furnished. On the second floor were three rooms, nicely papered, and bed-rooms, with modern furnishing,

all five feet

ten inches high.

fitted

up as

The

attic

contained two rooms, in either of which a few of the centennial visitors to the city might have found

From

good accommodations.

the outside the

house presented an unusually attractive appearance.

The

the building proper and the porches were metallic

roofs over

The rounded

shingles.

were neatly oiled the overlapping weather-boards were painted in and dark terra cotta, trimmed with bronze green, and the sash Etruscan

cornice, light

red cedar shingles, extending several feet below the ;

The base was painted to represent foundation-stone. The home-like picture conveyed by the trim cottage and

red.

was completed by Breen, a disabled

member

of Local

ters

and Joiners, and Joseph

man

of the building.

Union No.

Sutcliffe,

This beautiful modern workman's with the

"

its

furnishings

habitation, the occupants being the family of Gerald 8,

Brotherhood of Carpen-

a six-year-old grandson of the fore-

home was

constructed as a contrast

log cabin" before named, as illustrative of the increased comforts

enjoyed by the workingman of to-day with those of a century ago. The contrast in building thus presented was a most suggestive and striking illustration of our advance.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

7O

PROCESSION.

Following the Sixth Division came

THE COLORED Assistant Marshal.

C.

J.

PERRY.

WALTER HALL and

Aides.

PEOPLE'S DISPLAY.

S.

STERAR.

This subdivision consisted of three large

wheeled into

These

line,

floats

which, as they were

were each drawn by four horses decorated with

FLOAT

The

floats,

were greeted with the hearty applause of the spectators.

first float

was

labelled

"

No.

flags.

r.

1787," in large figures, on bunting, and the

scene represented was a Southern plantation during the days of slavery. There was the little negro cabin, surrounded by growing cotton, but the Messrs. C. J. Perry and Walter P. Hall, the committee, slaves were absent.

had

failed to find

colored people, even with the offer of a liberal pecuniar)

reward, willing to go on the float as slaves. "

The and

human

were only represented by the driver of the float Printed on the bunting which surrounded this float was

chattels"

his assistants.

the colored people's story of other days, told in these terse sentences "

No " No " No "

But

:

personal freedom." schools and no colleges."

hope of advancement." little

personal property held

by

us."

FLOAT

No.

2.

The second

float

was

labelled

"

1887," and

was intended

to

show the

difference between the past and the present condition of the race. The float represented a school scene, and had sixty-five little boys and girls at their studies,

On

under the direction of four teachers.

the stanchions of this float were banners telling the glad story of

the present time

by the following sentences and

statistics

"

Emancipation." " "

Enfranchisement." Entitled to

"75 "

"

full

political rights

and

privileges."

colleges."

22,500 free schools." 1,589,000 colored children in the public schools."

:

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

71

"Material wealth of the colored people South, $150,000,000." "

Material wealth of the colored people North, $35,000,000."

"God

bless

1887."

FLOAT

The

third

and

but

this display

was

labelled

"

Industry," and

not only gave a bright and pleasing picture of industry, had quite a number of colored men in the scene engaged in their

The it

3.

of the trades at which colored people are engaged in this

showed many city.

last float in

No.

float

actual callings.

John H. Baynard, a brick-mason, engaged in building a, chimney; Benjamin Hughes, saddle- and harness-maker, with a workman making a saddle Allan Turnage, engaged in repairing stoves Samuel These were

:

;

;

Smith, engaged in binding books

;

George H. Wilson, making shoes

;

Solomon Anderson, engaged at tailoring John Bush, a house-painter, engaged in his work William Wood, a paper-hanger, working at his business C. J. Perry, job printer, running off circulars on a printing;

;

;

George Purnell, a jeweller and watch-maker, engaged in repairing watches; and Elias Chase, builder and contractor, putting up a small

press;

house.

The

illustrations of the

United States in the

and energy of Messrs. task of arranging

its

advance made by the colored people of the although creditable to the public spirit Perry and Walter P. Hall, who undertook the

last century,

C.

J.

details within a short period of the demonstration,

was not what the marshal had hoped it would be, and was certainly not what he had labored to make it. One of his earliest efforts was to have this striking feature in

our

civilization

properly presented.

The

failure to

his wishes was due to the unwillingness of leading men of color to undertake a work which would have been of the highest credit and advan-

meet

tage to their race.

Next

to the marvellous Indian exhibit, the colored people could have

made such a

presentation of their physical, intellectual, and moral advance

within the past century as would have astonished and delighted the wellwishers of their race.

CIVIC

72

AND INDUSTRIAL

SEVENTH S.

JOHN

DIVISION.

HAMILTON DISSTON.

Assistant Marshal. Aides.

PROCESSION.

NAYLOR, C. T. SHOEMAKER, ROBERT JOHNSON,

S.

BEVAN.

EXHIBIT OF HENRY DISSTON & SONS. Sub-Marshal. Aides.

J. S.

DISSTON.

JAMES McLANN, JOHN LAMB, JAMES GARLAND

(all

mounted).

First Subdivision.

BANNER REPRESENTING DATE OF ORGANIZATION, GERMANIA BAND OF READING.

Banner, followed by employes

"

1840."

(Thirty-one pieces.)

who have

served the present firm from

twenty-five to forty-seven years, fifty-two men.

by

Victoria, containing representatives of the firm, followed by a float drawn " Sons' saws sold in two horses, front and rear view, Henry Disston

all

the principal

&

cities

of the world."

Side views, "Sailing-ship bound to America with saws, 1/87" (as there

were none made

in this country),

and

"

Clipper steam-ship

bound

for

Europe

with saws, 1887."

Second Subdivision.

BANNER REPRESENTING STEEL WORKS. Employes of Melting and Rolling Mill, one hundred and thirty men, followed by a float drawn by four horses, giving the amount and the value of the steel product of the United States in comparison with the rest of the world, which

is

about thirty-four per cent.

Third Subdivision.

Employes in Circular Saw Department, seventy-six men. Float drawn by four horses, with large circular saw, one hundred inches in diameter, indicative of the Constitutional Centennial, enclosed in " "

surmounted by a keystone, representing State."

Pennsylvania" the

an arch

Keystone

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

73

Fourth Subdivision.

UNITED STATES BAND.

(Twenty-one pieces.)

Employes of Hand-Saw Department, one hundred and sixty men, with float drawn by six horses, bearing, case of goods, with numerous small circular

saws

in motion.

Fifth Subdivision.

Employes of File Department, one hundred and forty men, with float " drawn by two horses showing Old and New Method of Tempering Saws," and

"

Old and

New Method

In the

of Grinding Saws."

first,

as shown, the

man could only smith or saws while with the new method per day, straighten eighteen to twenty-four he will smith or straighten two hundred and forty to three hundred saws saws came out of the furnace so crooked that one

per day.

method of grinding by hand he would grind about sixty saws per day, while with the new method he will grind about two hundred In the old

saws per day.

Sixth Subdivision.

Employes of Long-Saw Department, sixty men, with horses containing thirteen band-saws, emblematic of "

float

drawn by four

The Thirteen

Original

States."

Seventh Subdivision.

WECCACOE FLUTE AND DRUM

CORPS.

(Sixteen pieces.)

Employes of Handle Department, Machinists, Carpenters, and Laborers, " the Old and New ninety men, with float drawn by two horses, showing

Method of Toothing Hand-saws, and " Old Method of Handle-making." the old method of toothing a man would do three hundred saws per while by the new method he will tooth eighteen hundred per day.

By day,

by hand a man would saw out twelve dozens per day, or one hundred and forty-four handles, while by the new method he will cut out sixty dozens, or seven hundred and twenty handles per day. In making handles

Eighth Subdivision. Jobbing Department, sixty men, followed by a men making small saws and other tools.

with

VOL.

II.

II

float

drawn by four horses,

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

74

PROCESSION.

Ninth Subdivision.

Employes of

office,

sales-room, and ware-room, twenty men.

A float, carrying a fine display of saws was withdrawn from the turning.

Number "

of

men bands

and

belonging to

files

line,

........ ........

Germania Band of Reading, pieces

.

United States Band, of Philadelphia, pieces

.

.

.

.

Weccacoe Flute and Drum Corps, of Tacony,

Number

of floats horses

"

.

.

.

.

.

floats,

1

.21

pieces

.

.

.

16 8

34 I

ORR & HESS DISPLAY.

The Orr & Hess Company, of exhibits,

3 3

carriages

THE"

in

790

........ ....... .

this firm,

on account of the breaking of the pole

which came next, had three which attracted almost universal attention. These were on large this city,

drawn by four horses, the whole being

bunting.

FLOAT

No.

tastefully

decorated with

I.

Upon one float was the oldest steam-engine in America. It was built by Thomas Holloway, a boat-builder, of Kensington, in 1819. This engine cessors, of Philadelphia.

& W.

and

their suc-

Part of this engine had been lost: the

beam was

has been in constant use for

fifty

years

by

F.

S. Perot,

good idea of its character. It was a and was low-pressure engine, remarkably plain. There was no attempt at ornamentation it was quite in keeping with the state of invention at that gone, but enough remained to give a

;

day.

was severely practical, utility apparently being the only purpose to The same principles that govern the modern steam-engine obtain

It

serve.

in this one,

and the most important contrast was shown to be in the style etc., which were more ornate in the engines of the

of construction, design, present.

The governor

of this engine was on the same plan as those in

use now.

FLOAT

No.

2.

In contrast with the engine of 1819 was a stationary engine of the

This was a Mclntosh, Seymour & Co. engine, for high speed, with automatic cut-off, and was furnished by Harlan Page. While the

present day.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

75

former was of the low-pressure type, this was a high-pressure engine, emall

bodying

the improvements that have been

made

in constructing engines

up to the present time. Its improvements were at once conspicuous, the most prominent being in the valves, the governor on the valve, fast speed,

and

cut-off.

The

and consider-

contrast thus presented, while being great,

ing the different uses to which the engine of to-day has been adapted, made it somewhat difficult to believe that, beneath its exterior and polished finishings, there

were practically the same principles

in operation as

gov-

erned the engine of 1819.

FLOAT Another

float carried

3.

a steam toggle-joint coining-press, which was used This Mint at Charlotte, N. C.

the United States

in

ago which then was driven by a six-horse engine and

forty years press,

No.

capacity of thirty-five or forty pieces per minute.

It

boiler,

had a

represented the

first

plan of the coining-press which superseded the hand-worked screw-press.

The

coining-presses in use at the present time are

ciple.

Screw-presses

capacity of the

are

modern

all built

on the same

only used at present to strike medals.

coining-press, one of

The

which was striking medals,

about one hundred and twenty-five gold dollars a minute.

member

prin-

The

is

senior

of the firm, Mr. Arthur Orr, was originally employed in the mint

as a mechanic.

He

was a man of such

skill

and

reliability that

when the

mint at Charlotte, N. C, was being erected he was sent by Director Patterson to place

quently retired

machinery and organize its departments. He subsefrom the government service and began the manufacture its

of the most complicated and delicate mint-machinery.

For the

last forty

years his firm has furnished nearly

all the machinery for the mints of the United States and the South American and Mexican governments.

AUGERS AND Next

in

order

came the

BITS.

exhibit of Job T. Pugh, which

was large and

comprehensive, showing bits and augers of different sizes from the smallest

This house has been established since 1774, and in that time has brought out many new and useful designs of the tools they manuto the largest.

facture.

FLOAT.

On

a large float

largest ever made.

with various tools was an auger said to be the diameter was seven and one-half inches, and it will

filled

Its

CIVIC

76

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

bore any kind of wood, with power or by hand. etc.,

and

of large

Another

thirty inches long. size, five feet

It

was of uniform shape, was an auger

feature of their exhibit

long, with a diameter of one

and three-quarter

inches.

and represented the old forms as

This auger was said to be forty years old, compared with the augers of to-day, the latter showing great improvement. The augers of the present day are superior, because of the greater uniformity of twist which

is

Another display was a concave with that were countless augers, bits, machine

given to them.

auger with graduated twist

;

and post augers. Pump augers also were shown with ring or Cuba augers, hub augers, and machine augers. The display included chisel bits, dowel bits, and counter-sink bits. bits, car bits, carp augers, mill augers,

It

Their Cuba or ring auger was invented by Mr. Job T. Pugh, in 1858. at once superseded all similar augers which had hitherto been imported,

and

it is

claimed soon proved to be the only auger that would bore success-

hard woods of foreign countries. Its main characteristic is its single screw, from which all screws have been subsequently designed. concave auger was shown which is used for boring in the ends of wood, fully in the

A

and

in

making

augers shown,

straight holes. effects

a saving in material.

The screws

Gas augers were exhibited.

They stairs,

not deviate, and, compared with older

It will

are used for boring brick walls, etc.

were also shown.

The augers and

of the oldest in the country, go

solid.

Patent hand-bits, for boring in bits of this concern,

over the world.

all

made

of these were

For

which

fifty

is

one

years the

business has been carried on continuously under the same management.

ANTI-FRICTION ALL STEEL SLIDING-DOOR HINGES.

The

& Company

firm of Buehler, Bonbright

exhibited upon a large

double truck, drawn by two horses, decorated with chimes and

bells,

a

large working model of Lane's patent anti-friction all steel sliding-door hinges, a recent invention, said to be superior to any heretofore in use,

barn- and carriage-house doors the process of working the doors was shown by two boys, who accompanied the exhibit. "Prior to about 1850, barn-doors were hung on hinges; since then

for

there

;

have been

many

them, and improvements

inventions in this

for

sliding doors instead of swinging

mode have been

various; but

it

has only

been since Lane's invention was consummated that any hanger has been placed on the market that is not liable to breakage, cannot get out of

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. order,

and

is

so free from

friction

that the

77

smallest child

can run

it."

(Statement of firm.)

MILL

WORK AND HARDWARE. HANEY, WHITE & Co.

This firm report their exhibit as follows " The exhibit, drawn by a single team, showed a handsome display of kinds of moulding, from the smallest sash bead to the largest crown :

all

heavy carriages, also some very handsome front doors, newel-posts, blinds, and other similar goods, which were followed by double

moulding used

in

team, making a very fine display of frames, consisting of handsome front

double door-frames with

segment head, bull's-eye window-frame, gable

twin frame with ornamental tablet head, also

new

style twin bracket frame

with stationary transom and heavy-turned columns, to be used in of the finest houses being built in the northwestern section of our "

They employ a

large force of frame-makers

at

their

"

in

The goods are New York State,

principally

made

city.

Philadelphia

house, putting the frames together, and handling the large

goods constantly going out and coming

some

amount of

in.

in Pennsylvania,

chiefly inside blinds, for

but some are made

which they are noted."

EIGHTH DIVISION. ALBERT H. LADNER. F. McCuLLY, SAMUEL H. REED, JOHN G. HOLLICK, ROBERT JOHN FULLERTON, GILLESPIE, JOHN DONOHUE, GEORGE W. APPLE, WILLIAM J. SHAW, HARRY J. BRINTON, WILLIAM ANDERSON, HARRY C. SELBY, THOMAS HOLT, JOHN H. CLAY, WILLIAM H. GRAY, SAMUEL J. YARGER, JOHN HUBBARD, WILLIAM H. BRISTOW. Assistant Marshal. Aides.

WILLIAM

STATUE OF IRAD FERRY.* Sub-Marshal. Aides.

JOHN D. RUOFF. WILLIAM M. KIDD, EDWIN

B. WOODRUFF, SAMUEL B. SAVIN, ALFRED BAMBER, RICHARD M. STANTON, H. H. K. ELLIOTT, JOSEPH H.

ROCKHILL, JOHN KLUFKEE, JOHN L. WILKINS, CHARLES SWEITZER, HARRISON MONTGOMERY, MONTGOMERY WARREN, JOSEPH CONWAY. * Born Connecticut, 1801. January i, 1837.

Lost his

life

while rescuing a child from a

fire at

New

Orleans,

CIVIC

78

AND INDUSTRIAL

BECK'S PHILADELPHIA BAND.

PROCESSION.

J.

G. S. BECK, Leader.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. William R. Leeds, William McMullen, Hamilton Disston, William A. Delaney, James H. Miller, Mortimer L. Johnson, William M. Kidd, Thomas

McCullough, Albert Murray,

Jr.

EX-CHIEF ENGINEER, GEORGE DOWNEY. EX-ASSISTANT ENGINEER,

YOUNG.

JOS. H.

AND

VISITING CHIEF ENGINEERS

ASSISTANTS.

William Dickson, Harry B. Geisinger, John Ruckel, James McMahon, John C. Bach. Irad Ferry Fire ness,

Company, No.

12,

New

Orleans, La., John

J.

McGin-

Foreman.

Volunteer Firemen's Association of Philadelphia, in Volunteer Firemen's Association of Philadelphia, ments, drawing hose-carriage,

"

citizen's dress.

in

old-style

equip-

Volunteer."

Truck with Shag. Rag. Engine, built in England in 1720, and Union Engine, of Salem, Massachusetts, built in London, England,

in

1748.

Truck with Old Engine,

built

by

Mason

Philip

MODERN STEAM

in 1808.

FIRE-ENGINES.

BANNER. LIBERTY CORNET BAND OF READING.

Sub-Marshal.

A. H. UNGER, Leader.

THOMAS MCCULLOUGH.

THOMAS H. CLARK, CHARLES FULMER, WM. RUHL, Louis C. SHIFFLER, WALTER GRAHAM, JAMES CRAWFORD, JOHN FISHER, JACOB ROHRAides.

BACKER.

Banner of Diligent Engine Company, carried

in

parade on the reception

of Lafayette, in 1824.

Humane

Company, Norristown, Pa., thirteen men. Flags of Independence and Pennsylvania Hose Companies. Volunteer Firemen's Active Association of Philadelphia, one hundred Delegates of

Fire

and twenty men drawing hand engine,

"

Volunteer."

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

79

BAND.

HENRY LEE.

Sub-Marshal.

MCCAULLEY, SAMUEL

WILLIAM

MCREYNOLDS, JOHN SMITH, THOMAS KELLY, JOSHUA RUSSELL. Harmony Fire Company of Philadelphia, one hundred and six men, Aides.

drawing apparatus.

AMERICAN BAND OF NEW HAVEN, CONN.

Leader.

LENT BISHOP.

Sub-Marshal.

CHARLES DOTY, GEORGE

Aides.

GEORGE STREIT,

F.

PECKHAM.

New Haven, Conn., one hundred and hand seventy-eight men, drawing engine. Sons of Veterans, New Haven, Conn., twenty-five men, drawing hoseVeteran Firemen's Association,

carriage.

Sub-Marshal. Aides.

C. C.

JOHN WEBB. SMITH, GEORGE W. JOSEPH.

Assistance Fire

Company

of Philadelphia, twenty men.

BAND.

CHARLES T. HOLLO WAY. THOMAS BARNETT, DANIEL E. DIGGS.

Sub-Marshal. Aides.

Veteran Firemen's Association of Baltimore, Md., one hundred and twenty-five men, drawing P. T.

Sub-Marshal.

THOMAS

S.

BARRETT BAND AND DRUM CORPS.

ALBERT MURRAY,

PATRICK

Aides.

hand engine, "Fairy."

J.

Jr.

KERNAN, ANDREW

J.

CLARKE, THOMAS

J.

SMITH,

PRICE.

United States Hose

Company

of Philadelphia, drawing hose-carriage.

DE WITT CLINTON BAND AND DRUM

CORPS.

JAMES POTTER. JACOB M. JOHNSON.

Sub-Marshal. Aide.

CHIEF AND ASSISTANT ENGINEERS, KINGSTON, EX-CHIEF ENGINEERS, BROOKLYN,

Exempt Firemen's drawing hand engine.

NEW

NEW YORK. YORK.

Association of Brooklyn, N. Y., Eastern District,

80

CIVIC

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

BAND. Siib-Marslial

THOMAS MOORE.

Aide. JOHN LOVAT. America Fire Company of Philadelphia, eighteen men.

BANNER. BEVERLY CORNET BAND.

Sub-Marshal. Aides.

M.

J.

THOS. FOGARTY, Leader.

SWIFT.

JOSEPH H. TOMS, JOSEPH

S.

Beverly Fire Company, Beverly, N. carriage.

JENKINS. J.,

seventy-five men,

drawing hose-

HOUSE OF REFUGE BAND, PHILADELPHIA. JOHN WELSH. PETER D. ROBERTS, GEORGE EHRENBERG, JAMES EWELL, JOHN

Sub-Marshal. Aides.

S.

BENDICK.

Weccacoe Hose Association of

Philadelphia,

fifty

men, drawing hose-

carriage.

BAND. Endeavor Fire Company, Burlington, N. engine.

Company

CORPS.

of Philadelphia, twenty men, drawing hose-

MOUNTAIN CITY BAND.

Sub-Marshal.

men, drawing chemical

FREDERICK BERGER.

Friendship Fire

Aide.

thirty

GEORGE FAUNCE FIFE AND DRUM

Sub-Marshal.

carriage.

J.,

JAMES MATHEWS, Leader.

M. VALENTINE.

A. KIPPLE.

'

Pennsylvania Railroad Fire

Company

of Altoona, Pa., fifty-two men.

BAND. Sub-Marshal.

ABRAM MARSHALL.

Spring Garden Hose Company of Philadelphia, twenty-eight men, drawing hose-carriage.

BAND. Sub-Marshal.

J.

PRYOR RORKE.

Volunteer Firemen's Veteran Association of Brooklyn, N. Y., Western District, one hundred and sixty men, drawing piano engine.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

81

BAND.

HOWARD

Sub-Marshal.

SMITH.

WM. SHOEMAKER.

Aide.

United States Fire

FIFTH REGIMENT Marshal.

W.

Vigilant

Fire

C.

of Philadelphia, fifteen men.

Company

DRUM

CORPS.

PROF. JOHNSON, Leader.

WESTFALL.

Company

of

Altoona,

Pa.,

fifty-five

men,

drawing

apparatus.

Hose Company of Scranton,

Crystal

SPRING CITY BAND.

twenty-five men.

ISAAC KULP, Leader.

L. A. HAYS.

Sub- Marshal.

HENRY

T. HALLMAN, WILLIAM ROBINSON. Steam Liberty Fire-Engine Company of Spring

Aides.

drawing apparatus.

men,

BAND.

GEORGE OTIS WILEY.

Sub-Marshal. Aide.

City, Pa., forty

A. C. LYNN.

Veteran Firemen's Association, Charlestown, Mass., sixty-three men.

WEST CHESTER CORNET BAND. Sub-Marshal.

-T. C.

PROF. MORRISON, Leader.

APPLE.

A. EACHES, JOHN HEED. Pioneer Corps, fifty-eight men.

Aides.

Fame Steam

Fire-Engine Company, West Chester,

Pa., fifty-eight

men,

drawing hose-carriage. Delegation of

West Chester

Fire

Company, West Chester,

Pa., thirteen

men. Delegation of Taylor Hose

Company

of Philadelphia, thirteen men.

McQUADE FIFE AND DRUM CORPS. Sub-Marshal. Aides.

Jos. C.

Jos.

FLYNN, Leader.

DANIELS.

JAMES DALTON, JAMES G. BIRD.

Volunteer Exempt and Veteran Firemen's Sons' Association of York, one hundred and fifteen men, drawing apparatus. VOL.

II.

12

New

CIVIC

82

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

BAND.

FRANK

Sub-Marshal.

CHAS.

Aides.

S.

F. SOUDERS.

LYLAND,

WM.

H. H. CLARK.

Volunteer Firemen's Association of Camden, N.

RITTERSVILLE BAND. Allen Fire Company, No.

7,

F.

KADER,

Allentown,

J.,

sixty men.

-Leader.

Pa., forty-three

men, drawing

apparatus.

ASSISTANT ENGINEER OLIVER MOUNTCASTLE.

Sub-Marshal. Aide.

L. L. LYNCH.

Engine Company No. 3, Richmond, Va., thirty-eight men. Sub-Marshal. H. S. HAMMERLY. Delegation of Union Fire Company, Trenton, N.

Pennsylvania Railroad Fire Company, Renovo,

Conshohocken,

GEORGE

Sub-Marshal.

six

men.

men.

Pa., thirty-five

Hose and Steam Fire-Engine Company,

Delegation of Washington Pa., fifteen

J.,

men.

G. CUMMINGS.

Chambers's Fire Company, Portsmouth, Va., twenty men.

GEORGE KEMP,

Sub-Marshal.

Exempt fifty

Jr.

Firemen's Sons' Association, Eastern District, Brooklyn, N. Y.,

men.

Total

number of companies

Number Number

of bands of

men

Old-style engines

.

.

38 .

.

.

.

.

.21

........

Steamers

3544 8 5

Hose-carriages

.

.

Old-style tenders

.

.

.

.

...

.

.

.

.

.

.

.16 .

I

PHILADELPHIA FIRE INSURANCE PATROL. This exhibit consisted of one patrol wagon fully equipped, accompanied by ten

men and drawn by two

horses.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

83

PHILADELPHIA FIRE DEPARTMENT.

The

Department was

detail to represent the Philadelphia Fire

in

of Assistant Engineer John Smith, and consisted of the following First.

by one

Assistant Engineer John Smith and driver in buggy,

charge :

wagon drawn

horse.

Engine Company, No. 32, with a Silsby rotary steam fireengine, drawn by two horses, and a hose-cart, with eight hundred feet of " Eureka" cotton hose, drawn by one horse, in charge of foreman William Second.

Sergeant and eleven men.

Truck Company F, with a Hayes patent hook and ladder by two horses, and in charge of

Third.

truck and fire-escape combined, drawn

foreman Ellwood Edwards and twelve men.

Chemical engine, No.

Fourth.

of foreman Timothy

Apparatus Horses

2,

drawn by two

McNamara and

four men,

and

in

making a total

of,

horses,

..........

32

EIGHTH DIVISION Assistant Marshal. Aides.

5

8

.

Men

charge

COLONEL

J.

F.

A.

MORRISON.

JOHN A. SMITH, A. VANZANDT, A. MCCLURE, R. T. QUIGLEY.

VOLUNTEER FIREMEN'S CONVENTION. First Subdivision.

Veteran Firemen's Association, Philadelphia, fifteen men. Chief Engineers of Volunteer Departments, twenty men. Hope Hose Steam Fire-Engine Company, No. 2, Philadelphia, twentyfive men, twenty-five in band, one hose-carriage.

Hope

Fire

Company, No.

I,

Burlington, N.

J.,

eighty men, eighteen in

band, one hose-carriage.

Hope Hose Company, No.

I,

Bordentown, N.

2,

Beverly, N.

J.,

thirty

men, eighteen

in

band, one hose-carriage.

Hope Hose Company, No. corps,

one hose-carriage.

J.,

thirty

men, twenty

in

drum

CIVIC

84

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

Second Subdivision. Veteran Firemen's Association,

men, twenty-two

in band,

Exempt Firemen's twenty-two

in

New

York, two hundred and

Association, Brooklyn, Eastern District,

drum

fifty

men,

band.

Sons of Veteran Firemen, Brooklyn, Eastern in

fifty-two

two hand engines.

District, forty

men, twenty

corps.

Veteran Firemen's Association, Washington, D. C,

fifteen

men.

Third Subdivision.

Fairmount Fire Company, No.

Philadelphia, one hundred men, one steam engine, one model. band, twenty corps, twenty Franklin Fire Company, Chester, Pa., one hundred and fifty men, twentyfive in band, one steam engine, one hose-carriage. in

in

32,

drum

Franklin Contributing Association, Chester, Pa.,

fifty

fifteen

in

men, twenty

in

men,

band.

Weccacoe Hose Company, Bordentown, N.

J.,

thirty

band, one hose-carriage. Lafayette Fire

Company, Egg Harbor, N.

J.,

ten men.

Fourth Subdivision. Niagara Hose Company, No. 15, Philadelphia, forty men, twenty in drum corps, one steam engine, one hose-carriage.

Fairmount Fire Company, Norristown,

Pa., fifty

men, twenty

in band,

one hose-carriage. Bristol Fire

Company, No.

I,

Bristol, Pa., seventy

men, twenty

one steam engine, one hose-carriage. America Hose, Hook, and Ladder Company, No. 2, five men, twenty in band, one hook and ladder truck.

Good-Will

Hook and Ladder Company,

in

band,

Bristol, Pa., forty-

Atlantic City, N.

J.,

fifteen

men,

one hook and ladder truck.

Fifth Subdivision.

South Penn Hose Company, Philadelphia, eighty men, twenty one steam engine, one hand engine, one hook and ladder truck.

in band,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. Hose Company,

Atlantic

Atlantic City, N.

J.,

thirty-five

85 men, one hose-

carriage.

Liberty Fire Company, Trenton, N.

men, twenty

forty

J.,

in

band, one

in

band, one

steam engine, one hose-carriage.

Mercer Fire Company, Princeton, N.

J.,

forty

men, twenty

hose-carriage.

Resolution Hose Company, Millville, N.

J.,

forty

Active Hose Company, Whatsessing, N.

J.,

twenty-two men, one hose-

men, twenty

in

band.

carriage.

Sixth Subdivision.

Independence Fire Company, Philadelphia, fifty-six men, twenty-five in band, one steam engine, one hand engine, one hose-carriage, one model. Good-Will Fire Company, Fernwood, Pa., twenty-five men, twenty in

drum

one hand engine.

corps,

Humane corps, one

Alert

Fire

Company, Bordentown, N.

hand engine,

built in

Hose Company, Fire

men, twenty

in

Red Bank, N.

J.,

.

.

.

.

ten men.

J., fifteen

.

.

men, one hand engine. .

.32

Bands

17

Drum corps Men representing the organizations Men in bands and drum corps Steam

fire-engines

Hand

fire-engines

Hose-carriages

6 .

.

.

.1530 475 7

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

7

.

.

.,

.

.

.

.

.

17

Hook and

ladder trucks

3

Models of

fire-engines

2

Horses

The

drum

1794.

Company, Haddonfield, N.

Organizations.

thirty

Montclair, Pa., twenty men, one hose-carriage.

Liberty Fire Company,

Haddon

J.,

.

....... ... .12 .

.

.

.

.

made by

the firemen was complete, instructive, and highly appreciated by the hundreds of thousands that cheered as they passed on exhibit

the line of march.

The weak

contrast between the old methods of extinguishing fires from the old hand engines to the powerful steamer was no more striking and

86

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

PROCESSION.

suggestive than the contrast between the old gay and beautiful uniforms of the different volunteer

fire

companies and the heavy, solid dress of the men

composing the paid department of the present day. The liberal indeed over-generous disposition of the "old fireman" was strikingly illustrated in the lavish expenditure

of their old

"

made

fire-laddie"

The

of the Union.

in

bringing on and entertaining the thousands

whom

companies,

zeal manifested

gave a

they invited from

much

all

the

larger exhibit in

cities

men and

was contemplated or authorized by the marshal, but must be the fireman, when once started, never knows when to stop; and

material than

excused, as

besides, in this case he

was stimulated not only by the old

fireman, that longed for a grand display, but also

by a

spirit

of the

patriotic sentiment

him

to give proper expression to the love and devotion that " class of our citizens have for the Constitution of our fathers."

that impelled

NINTH DIVISION. CAPTAIN JOHN WELDE.

Assistant Marshal. Aides.

CAPTAIN JOHN F. KLEINTZ, JOHN

J.

ALTER, JOHN A. MANZ.

LAGER BEER BREWERS' COMBINED DISPLAY. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE PROGRESS IN THE MODES OF BREWING IN

The Lager Beer Brewing Association of the Marshal, took upon

both

in extent

and

No

hundred years. advertisement,

itself

all

of Philadelphia, under authority

the entire task of displaying the advance,

methods, made

in

the brewing industry

in

the last

portion of the display was in any sense a personal

not a single

although nearly

make

in

ONE HUNDRED YEARS.

brewing

firm

the finest street display ever

represented by name,

being

of the larger establishments

made by

contributed liberally to

the brewers in the United

States.

The

Brewers' Association handed over the entire

display to

a

committee of arrangements, composed of Messrs.

Nachod, chairman Mr. Harry

management of

;

their J.

E.

Charles Class, and Frederick Feil.

P. Crowell, Secretary of the Brewers' Association,

very material assistance to the committee in the tion of the procession.

way

rendered

of organizing this por-

Mr. Crowell, an aide on Marshal Snowden's staff, was assigned to the Ninth Division. The Division assembled on Oxford Street, east of Broad, and facing

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL, west.

The

87

Division went into the main line on Broad Street headed

by

the

FRANKFORD BAND. The band rode

ROBERT PEEL, Leader.

(Twenty-one pieces.)

drawn by four gray

in a band-chariot,

Immedi-

horses.

ately following the band was a mounted standard-bearer, Mr. Lawrence Walter, carrying the banner of the oldest brewers' association in the United

Gambrinus Society of Philadelphia. On one side of this banner was the coat of arms of the society, and on the other side the inStates, viz., the

scription,

"Gambrinus

Beneficial

Instituted

Society.

March

10,

1850,

Philadelphia."

After the chief standard-bearer rode three heralds, in mediaeval cos-

They were Joseph

tumes, on magnificently caparisoned horses.

Frederick Assfalk, and Adolph Kohlephiath. three other standard-bearers, also

mounted and

carried standards displaying the coat of

State of Pennsylvania, and of the

Henry

Gross,

and Charles Horn

Geiger,

Following these last were in mediaeval dress.

arms of the United

City of Philadelphia.

They

States, of the

Jacob

Somm,

acted as the bearers.

All of the above served merely as an introduction to the main portion of the display which next passed along,

headed by Assistant Marshal

Captain John Welde.

BREWERS ON HORSEBACK. Assistant Marshal

Welde and

were mounted, and accompanied Each one Philadelphia brewers.

his aides

by a cavalcade of fifteen horsemen, was dressed in a black suit, high silk

all

hat,

and red

wore handsomely decorated shabracks. The names of the gentlemen constituting

sash,

and

this cavalcade

their horses all

were as follows

:

John Berkenstock, John Rothacker, Henry Flack, George Weisbrod, Wm. Gretz, M. J. Kelly, Joseph Hardcastle, Charles Steinbach, J. Amrhein, G. Amrhein, Frank Esslinger, George H. Becker, Fritz Klein, Otto Manz, Frederick Schauffele.

Following the cavalcade came a large wagon, drawn by four gray horses. The wagon was loaded with malt and hops in bags, and was decorated with festoons of hop-vines and with sheaves of barley.

There were also on this wagon six shields giving statistics pertaining to the hop and malt product of the United States. These were in order :

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

88

"Annual barley product, 50,000,000 " "

PROCESSION.

bushels."

in barley, 3,000,000 acres."

Acreage Annual hop product, 30,000,000 pounds."

"Acreage

52,000 acres."

in hops,

FLOAT

No.

I.

AN OLD-TIME BREWERY.

Then came the This

harness. First

first float,

gallons).

Charles Engel,

old-fashioned

kettle of the capacity of about

two barrels

the original kettle in which was brewed, in 1842,

is

now

of the Bergner

lager beer ever brewed at

in

contained a representation of an old-time brewery.

float

was a small copper This

drawn by four gray horses

&

in this country.

(sixty

by Mr.

Engel Brewing Company, the first Mr. Engel was then established

Lewistown, Pa. In this kettle beer was being brewed

by workmen

in Continental dress.

In the early days of the brewing industry, copper kettles, such as the one in the procession,

was applied

They were enclosed in masonry, and the The boiling liquid was dipped from kettle.

were used.

directly to the

fire

this

mash-tub by hand, and all of the operations were carried on the same troublesome way. In the procession this whole process was

kettle to the in

carried on before the eyes of the spectators, to

whom

the contrast between

modern methods of brewing was made more evident by the second A number of inscriptions on the first float showed the brewing

old and float.

interest to

have been connected with the

tions read as follows "

earliest colonists.

These

inscrip-

:

William Penn, the

first

brewer

in Philadelphia.

Product nominal."

"Brewers were represented in the processional display of 1788, which was intended to celebrate the acceptance of the Constitution." "

Brewers taxed

in

1644

in

New Amsterdam and FLOAT

No.

Massachusetts."

2.

A MODERN BREWERY.

On

the second float was a small representation of a modern brewery, This showed the improvement over old methods, by use of steam and ma-r chinery.

The

float carried

modern machine.

Some

a steam engine and pump, a copper boiler, and

idea could be obtained from this portion of the

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. ease with which brewing display of the rapidity and

is

now

89 carried on in

contrast with old methods.

All boiling

is

now done by steam

instead of

by

direct firing, as formerly,

and any change of liquid from boiler to mash-tub is accomplished by steam-pumping. This float also bore statistics as given below, intended to show the vast growth of the business in recent years, and the advantage to the

community

at large in the

wages " Annual product, 22,500,000

employment of laborers and payment of

:

" "

"

Number

of establishments, 3167."

Capital invested, $140,000,000."

Number

of hands employed, 35,000."

"Annual wages "

barrels."

paid, $25,000,000."

Average annual wages paid each employe, over $700."

"Annual taxes paid

to government, $22,500,000."

"Value of annual product, $148,500,000." " Value of materials employed, $74,500,000." \

FLOAT "

The

No.

3.

BEER THE STAFF OF LIFE."

On

third float carried a beautiful allegorical representation.

the float

was erected a large Gothic temple, bearing Baldachin. Within the temple, upon a gilded throne, sat King Gambrinus, to whom the goddess Hebe was offering nectar, which Gambrinus refused, in front

preferring beer instead.

At

a curiously-designed

the four corners of the tower were four persons

representing the four trades connected with the old monastic breweries.

Hops and

grain were pictured

damsel sat at the king's

Around

the

feet,

by two

females,

Pomona and

body of the

and concealing the wheels, were beautiBeer, Staff of Life, and Best Promoter of

fully-illuminated inscriptions,

True Temperance." On the rear of the " Hopfen und Malz, Gott erhalts."

The whole was drawn by abreast, loaned for the occasion

float

hung another

by the brewing

firm of

Weisbrod

&

Hess.

showy costume of the

sixteenth century, acting as guard of honor to the king. 13

inscription,

sixteen magnificent iron-gray horses, four

Surrounding the float were ten outriders in the ii.

A

float,

"

VOL.

Ceres.

while before him stood two pages.

CIVIC

90

AND INDUSTRIAL FLOAT WORK

The by

No.

PROCESSION.

4.

OF THE COOPERS.

coopers' interest was displayed on the fourth

four gray horses.

used to store beer

in,

On

it

float,

was a specimen of a large

preparatory to

its

filled into

being

which was drawn

tun, such as

is

The

was decorated with evergreens, and was manned by coopers from the lishment of Mr. Philip Spather.

FLOAT "

No.

float

estab-

5.

WINE, WOMAN, AND SONG."

Last and most magnificent of

all

was the

fifth

float,

carrying an

"

Mirth and Song." The followers of Gambrinus. allegory was illustrative of Martin Luther's reputed saying gorical display of

This

smaller kegs.

was labelled "Capacity, 120 gallons;" also a diminutive barrel.

now

alle-

The

:

"

Around curtain

The

nicht liebt Wein, Weib,

Der

bleibt ein narr sein leben lang."

und Gesang,

body of the wagon, and concealing the wheels, hung a heavy of embossed leather, over which garlands of flowers were festooned. the

floor of the

upper

Wer

rail

Upon

wagon was enclosed

of which

the

in a costly gilded railing,

from the

hung another curtain elaborately decorated.

body of the

float

were arranged luxurious chairs and divans,

on which reclined a group of the fourteenth century " Minnesingers," who rendered homage to woman in verse and song. These were all dressed in the fantastic minstrel garb of the Middle Age, and held in their hands gilded

At

"

Minnesingers" sang German glees, a feature that was so decidedly novel in a street procession as to

lyres

and harps.

frequent intervals these

excite universal applause

among

the spectators.

In the rear of the float was a series of steps leading up to a sort of

was a group representing " Wine, Woman, and Song." On top of the platform was a gilded vase filled with grapes and hops. The whole was surmounted by an arch trimmed with barley and

Upon

platform.

these steps

hops, and from a rod connecting the pillars of the arch

At

curtain.

The tette

"

hung a heavy

velvet

the crown of the arch were a golden lyre and flambeau.

Minnesingers" were the members of the old Philadelphia Quar-

Club, under the leadership of Mr. Louis Wesbing.

As an

escort to

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. this tableau

and

velvet

in rich

were seven outriders

91

costumes, their horses having on

silver shabracks.

by uniformed workmen

All of the horses drawing the floats were led

The whole

from the breweries.

task of decorations

was

in the

hands of

Mr. Fritz Decker, who has had charge of the Brewers' and Cannstatter displays for twelve years. in rear

Following

came the

exhibit of

of the Brewers' display, not included in that division,

Cunningham

&

bottlers.

Co.,

This firm made an exhibit upon three

FLOAT

The

float

first

carried

or compressed

bonate,"

each drawn by four horses.

floats,

No.

i.

"

a pair of

cylinders,

carbonic acid

gas.

This

mineral waters and other beverages preparatory

of beer,

it

may be

containing is

used

liquid for

car-

charging

to bottling, and, in the case

used as a substitute for air-pumps.

FLOAT

The second wagon

No.

2.

carried a display of bottled goods, siphons,

and

other products of the same nature.

FLOAT

On

the third float were

No.

3.

a number of fountains, from which were

being drawn beverages of various kinds that had been carbonated on the truck.

first

Each

float

was handsomely decorated with

TENTH Assistant Marshal. Aides.

WM.

S.

FRANK

P.

STEEL, E. D.

flags

and bunting.

DIVISION.

LEECH.

HELMBOLD, JAMES BUCKMAN, JULIUS

J.

VOGEL.

EXHIBIT OF THE UNITED STATES POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT.

The employes P.

of the Post-Orifice were led by Assistant Marshal Frank

Leech, followed by Postmaster William F. Harrity, Assistant Postmaster

Henry Drake, and Secretary John V. Loughney in a barouche. This was staff, made up of the superintendents of division of the

followed by the central office

and the superintendents of

letter-carrier stations.

Immediately

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

92 after the

Friendship Band of Chester,

post-office banner,

made

of light-blue

Pa.,

silk,

PROCESSION. of twenty-five pieces, came the

beautifully embroidered in gold,

"

The officers in Post-Office Department." and bearing the inscription, command and a body of two hundred and fifty clerks followed, marching ten abreast, and attired in the regulation uniform of blue caps, coats, and Behind these a mounted postman of one hundred years ago was represented, in the person of Lewis P. Yerkes, appropriately arrayed

breeches.

in the knee-breeches,

went

to

make up

long brown coat, low shoes, and cocked hat which

Across the pommel of the

the Continental costume.

saddle was slung two mail-bags of the style used a century ago. trast to this followed in the

shape of a platoon of

five

wagons of

A

con-

different

styles, representing those in use in our modern mail-messenger service. The first one was a two-wheeled vehicle, drawn by one horse, and used in

light service

;

the second, a four-wheeled wagon, with two horses, used in the

medium heavy

and the remaining three heavy mail-wagons, able

service,

to

sustain great weight.

FLOAT.

Next came a representation from the Office

on a float

letter-cases,

On

this

and other

utensils used in the

half a dozen clerks busily

pouching

clerical

were the stamping

employed

postal-cards to be sent

in

department of the Post-

tables, the

stamping machines,

work, while

among them

were,

stamping, casing, distributing, and,

from certain points on the route of the

In this work the newly-adopted machines were while the postal-cards themselves postal-card cancelling used, represented on the face the mail transportation of 1787 by a wood-cut of a Continental mail-carrier, and stated the name of the Postmaster-General,

procession to the different railroad stations.

"

Ebenezer Hazard," together with the following

Number Number Number

statistics

:

of post-offices, 75.

of postmasters and clerks, 175. of letter-carriers, none.

Registered

letters,

none.

Upon the back of this card was engraved a locomotive and mail-car representing the method of mail transportation now above this engraving :

was

inscribed,

United States Post-Office Department, 1887. Postmaster-General,

W.

F. Vilas.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. Number Number Number

Money

93

of post-offices, 55,157. of postmasters and clerks, 63,087. of letter-carriers, 5707. orders, 8,190,302.

Registered letters and parcels, 12,395,029.

Amount,

$115,635,821.19.

Letters, newspapers, etc.,

average handled daily at Philadelphia,

Pa.,

1,062,570.

These cards were issued from the

float as

it

passed over the route.

On

the sides of the float were eight shields giving statistical information contrasting the periods of 1787

and 1887.

Second Section. Leading the Second Section was a body of twenty-five special-delivery boys, wearing the regulation gray caps, and carrying short canes. The Sixth Regiment

behind

came

it

Band of New five

Jersey, of twenty-five pieces, followed,

hundred and

fifty carriers in

helmets, marching twelve abreast, and carrying light white, and blue

bamboo

flags interspersed here and there along the

down

the column, the color

flags,

and two State

flags.

and

gray uniforms and straw canes, with red, line.

Half-way

company was stationed, bearing two national Four handsomely decorated wagons, used for

conveying the carriers to and from their routes, concluded the post-office exhibit.

EXHIBIT OF THE UNITED STATES MINT. Sub-Marshal.

HARRY A. CHESTER.

H. A. McKANE, ROBT. SUMMERS, GEO. W. GORDON. Aides.

S.

MONKS, HARRY

RINGGOLD BAND OF READING.

C.

WARNER, CHARLES

(Thirty pieces.)

Committee of arrangements, each man wearing a badge with the " United States Mint of Philadelphia, 1787-1887." scription,

White thereon.

in-

banner, with Washington and Cleveland's portraits painted Presented by the lady employes of the Mint, in commemoration silk

of the Centennial of the Constitution.

Two

hundred and

a captain.

fifty

men marching

in

platoons of twelve, headed by

CIVIC

94

AND INDUSTRIAL

Carrying fac-simile of old

FLOAT wooden press

Mint).

PROCESSION.

(first

used

in the

United States

FLOAT

Carrying the latest style coining press, with boiler and

engineer ready

for operation.

EXHIBIT OF THE COMMERCIAL ICE COMPANY. This company exhibited the old and new mode of delivering ice, by showing an old-fashioned two-wheeled cart such as was used in delivering ice in

1835, driven

driver that

by a

was

in the ice business at that time,

with the tools of that date, followed by seven wagons of the newest in use by the ice trade, drawn by four horses each, one float drawn by four horses exhibiting sculpturing from solid blocks of ice subjects, goddess of liberty, with shield and eagle, on pedestal of ice, Ameri-

pattern

;

can eagle, swan, and elephant. These pieces were cut by the chisel in the same manner as marble figures are cut, and were handsomely-finished

The company also had one supply-wagon and two patent coalwagons. The display was in charge of three of the company's foremen models.

mounted and drawn by

employes on wagons

thirty-six

vehicles

;

numbered

twelve,

thirty-nine horses.

EXHIBIT OF THE KNICKERBOCKER ICE COMPANY. This company made an exhibit as follows Man on horseback, carrying a banner bearing the legend, :

"

Knicker-

bocker Ice Company."

The

marshal, E. S. Norvell, clad in costume to represent the original

Knickerbocker.

FLOAT

An

No.

i.

old-fashioned whitewashed ice-house, built on a

the old method of storing ice in 1827,

the legend,

"

Cold wave

flag."

by

viz.,

On

an old-fashioned pair of hoisting tongs.

Alongside

float,

representing

hoisting up the ice with

the front of the house was

this float

was an old

cart cov-

ered with canvas, intended to represent the old method of serving ice in 1827.

On

this cart the following notice

was attached:

ICE.

(

Bushel, 80

1827.

^ rnces. .

{

Peck,

20

Ibs.,

"

6 2

"

j

Quarter,

5

i

shillings.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. FLOAT

A

large

float,

No.

containing a miniature

95

2.

modern

work

ice-elevator, with endless

house with genuine ice. A handsomely-painted ice-wagon, with pictures on the sides of the Subjects: A Yacht Race on the Schuylkill, and a Toboggan body. chain, engine, and boiler

machine

;

at

filling

Slide.

An made

open wagon,

at the

filled

with highly-polished ice-tools and utensils,

company's works

all

in this city.

A supply ice-wagon loaded with ice. The

Cart loaded with wood.

fuel of 1827.

Patent improved chute coal-wagon, loaded with coal.

The

fuel

of to-

day. Fifty employes,

all

in

the company's

uniform, occupied the different

wagons, wherever space would permit.

EXHIBIT OF THE RIDGWAY REFRIGERATOR MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

The horses,

exhibit of this

company was made upon two

and accompanied by ten men, divided as follows

FLOAT

The

first

construction;

gaged

in the

float

two

:

I.

contained a large hotel refrigerator, in the course of

work. No.

2.

shown completed refrigerators for household one of the latter was a handsome display of

the second float were

butchers and hotel use fruits.

No.

drawn by eight

three carpenters, one painter, and one foreman being en-

FLOAT

On

floats,

A

;

in

colored attendant accompanied the last

float.

Each

float

had

drivers.

The

firm

refrigerators

was unable

to present comparisons

have been

in use

between 1787 and 1887, as

only a few years.

MUTUAL BENEFICIAL

ICE

COMPANY OF NEW YORK.

Supply-wagon, handsomely decorated.

CIVIC

96

AND INDUSTRIAL

ELEVENTH Assistant Marshal.

J.

DIVISION.

T. SPITTALL.

JOHN BELLVILLE, G.

Aides.

PROCESSION.

CONNOR, JOHN LENTENER, R. PICKET.

B.

DISPLAY BY THE KNIGHTS OF THE GOLDE.N EAGLE. This organization had

five

thousand members

their rich uniforms, magnificent banners,

in the parade,

and elaborately-prepared tableaux

attracted universal admiration and applause from the

Chief Marshal of the Order.

ROBERT

Adjutant.

J.

and with

spectators.

JOHN T. SPITTALL.

LUMPKIN.

EDWARD KILPATRICK.

Bugler.

Chief of Staff.

DAVIS CASSELBERRY,

all

of Philadelphia.

Chief Marshal (in platoons of six). ALEX. P. DUTTON, WILLIAM H. IRWIN, THEO. PROBEST, FRANK N. CINDER, J. SENDERLING, W.

Aides

to

GEORGE M. HALLMAN, HARRY STUTZ, GEORGE S. PATRICK, J. HARRY VAN HORN, ROBERT R. HODGE, and

COPPING, C. M. BETZ,

MITCHELL,

S.

JOHN W. MICKLE, of Philadelphia DAVID BUIST, of Phoenixville, Pa. ;

JAMES R. NIXON, of Atlantic CHARLES E. LANE, of Camden, N. Pa., all of whom were mounted.

Pa.

;

;

GOODING, of Washington, D. C.

C.

J.

W. BOYD FOWLER, City, J.

;

N.

J.

;

;

of Williamsport,

GEORGE

L.

EDWARD H. FENTON,

FRAZEE and of Jamison,

First Subdivision.

Marshal of

First

Subdivision.

WILLIAM

H. SENDERLING, M.D., of

Philadelphia.

E. H. RYAN, H. E.

YOUNG, D. TAYLOR, and JOSEPH SENTNER, of Philadelphia; JOHN D. JAMES, of Doylestown, Pa.; I. H. SUPPLEE, of Aides.

Ardmore, Pa. This was followed by twelve of the crusaders of the earlier

one hundred and 12,

fifty

mounted

sir

knights mounted, attired in the armor

Christian

and a cavalcade of

centuries,

knights, besides Kenilworth Castle, No.

of Philadelphia, sixty-five men, Captain James

GERMANIA CORNET BAND, OF EGG HARBOR,

W. N.

J.

Crawford; banner. (Sixteen pieces.)

Girard Castle, No. 50, of Philadelphia, thirty men.

Wissahickon Castle, No. 121, of Falls of Schuylkill, twenty-five men, Captain Samuel L. Burgess, who acted as escort to the chief marshal,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. Andrew

J.

Flowers, and the following aides

Diemer, Richard Cope, P.

97

J. Harry Lewis, George and Umsted, George Collins, of Philadel-

J.

:

phia.

FLOAT

No.

I.

Tableaux furnished by committee of delegates from each castle. The motto of the order " Fidelity, Valor, and Honor" was represented in the highest style of the decorator's art. The float was twelve by twenty-six feet,

On

and was drawn by six black horses, which were handsomely decorated. each of the animals was a knight in a suit of armor, which blazoned

and glistened

in the sunlight.

"

was represented by a It was seventeen

Fidelity"

castle,

rounded with rocks.

The

length.

feet

imitation of marble, sur-

in

high and eight and a half

Two

gates of the entrance were closed.

were guarding the approaches. was endeavoring to bribe the

A page of the

knights in

him

to enter, so as to

The guards proved

refusing his offers of gold, which, in bags, "

armor

king of the invading army

sentinels to permit

ascertain the strength of the garrison.

feet in

was

their fidelity

by

at his side.

Valor" was presented by a knight with spear and shield on a prancing Beneath his feet were three enemies, slain in combat, and the visitor horse.

was charging on two other soldiers. " Honor" was represented by Past-Chief John W. Baker, of Keystone He was the first candidate initiated into the Castle, No. I, of this city. Order

in this State.

Another

sir

knight was in the act of placing on his

head a golden crown.

The seven

sides of the float

men and one boy

Mounted knights

were painted

in imitation

of rocks.

There were

in the tableau.

in fatigue

uniform.

Second Subdivision. Keystone Castle and Commandery, No. I, of Philadelphia, fifty men, Captain William E. Steinbach, with the original banner in Pennsylvania.

METROPOLITAN BAND, OF COLUMBIA, Crescent Commandery, No. 98, of

Robert Johnson. VOL.

II.

14

West

PA.

(Fourteen pieces.)

Philadelphia,

fifty

men, Captain

CIVIC

98

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

men, Captain Frank And delegations of Apollo Castle, No. 3 Warwick Stirling, banner. Castle, No. 17; and Meade Castle, No. 64; all of Philadelphia.

Southwark

No.

Castle,

21, of

Philadelphia,

fifty

;

Castle, of

Garfield

Lebanon, thirty-two men, Captain G. A. Breckin-

reed.

Crusaders' Castle, No.

Moore

of Philadelphia, seventy-eight men, Captain

5,

Herald Castle, No.

of Philadelphia, forty men, Captain Alpheus K. Long; Aurora Castle, No. 15, of Philadelphia, thirty-five

William

J.

;

6,

men, Captain William Stewart.

FIDELITY FIFE AND

DRUM

FLOAT

CORPS.

No.

(Twenty

pieces.)

I.

Tableaux furnished by Pilgrim Castle, No. 7, of Philadelphia. The idea represented on this float was by a tableau, comparing the trials and vicissitudes of the worshippers and defenders of the cross of the earlier Christian centuries with the religious freedom enjoyed in this country at the present

The

day.

was sixteen

float

On

feet long.

the rear was constructed a large

which the cross was conspicuously displayed. At the entrance, seated on a rock, was a pilgrim, dressed in the garb of the He leaned his head on his right hand, in which was a crook early ages. cave, formed of rocks,

in

In front of the cave

staff.

foe of the cross,

who,

The knight had broken beneath his

foot.

On

was a knight

in

his

in full

armor.

He had

pursued a

dropped the banner of Mohammed.

flight,

the staff and was trampling the distasteful ensign

top of the cave was the handsome banner of Pilgrim

a solid foundation.

Golden Eagle rests on eternal " In the rear of the cave was the figure 7," the

On

the front of the float the bust of Washington

Castle, to illustrate that the Knights of the

rocks,

number of the appeared

in

castle.

the centre of the date

"

1787," to represent Washington, the

The

president of the Convention, as the centre of attraction at that time.

monogram

"

K. G. E." was

in

the date

"

1887."

The

sides of the float

were

formed of bark containing the name " Pilgrim." In the corners were cedar Pioneer logs representing the twelve States which met in the Convention. axes pierced the tops of the logs.

The

float

was seventeen and a half

feet

high.

Pilgrim Castle, No.

Jones

;

banner.

7,

of Philadelphia,

fifty

men, Captain Edwin H.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. WOODBURY CORNET BAND, OF WOODBURY, Harris

Commandery, No.

H. Dooley, five

prize-drill flag

pieces.)

men, Captain Edward

Harris Castle, No. 20, of Philadelphia, seventy-

;

;

banner.

ATHLETIC BAND.

(Twenty

pieces.)

won

at Atlantic

August I, 1887. and Excelsior Castle, No.

32, of Phila-

This castle carried a magnificent

Excelsior

(Twenty

J.

20, of Philadelphia, fifty

men, Past-Chief Hugo Rohr

City as a reward

N.

99

national flag,

silk

for superior drilling,

Commandery, No.

16,

men, Captain Nicholas Jones banner. Castle, No. 10, of Philadelphia, fifty men, Captain Wm. H. Woodward, First Lieutenant Harry L. Roat, Second Lieutenant F. M. delphia, sixty

;

Columbia

Hunsicker; banner.

BRIDGEPORT BAND, OF BRIDGEPORT, Reynolds

Castle,

PA.

(Twenty pieces

No. 44, of Pottstown, twenty men, Captain

)

Lyman H.

Missimer; banner.

White Cross

Castle,

No.

31, of

Roxborough,

forty

men, Captain A. Rit-

tenhouse; banner.

Waverley Commandery and Castle, No. 13, of West Philadelphia, one hundred and ninety men Major, Randolph M. Trout Staff Surgeon, J. M. :

Brown; Quartermaster, A. Major, C. S.

H. Burrell

(all

;

B.

Mingus; Adjutant,

Company A,

mounted).

W.

Pusey; First Lieutenant

W.

McElfras; Sergeant-

forty

men, Captain Joseph

J.

Gibson, Second Lieutenant Joseph Scott.

B, forty men, Captain John C. Wright, First Lieutenant I. WorSecond Lieutenant John B. Pearce. Company C, forty men, Captain

Company rell,

James E. Clark,

First Lieutenant

Noble-Chief James Welder

;

M.

F.

Kennedy.

Castle, seventy

men,

banner.

JEFFERSON BAND.

(Eighteen pieces.)

Oriental Castle, No. 25, of Philadelphia, forty men, Sir Herald Charles

A. Bazen. Pennsylvania Commandery, No.

14,

of Philadelphia,

fifty

men, Captain

D. A. Biggard. Pennsylvania Castle, No.

14,

of Philadelphia, one hundred men, Noble-

Chief John B. Vandergrift, with banner, escorting Crusaders'

No.

4,

of Burlington, N.

J.,

thirty-five

men.

Commandery,

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

IOO

KEARNEY POST

FIFE

Olive Castle,

No.

PROCESSION.

AND DRUM BAND, OF FRANKFORD. 18,

of Philadelphia,

seventy-five

(Sixteen pieces.)

men, Sir Herald

Charles B. Vanderherchen.

WEIR'S CORNET BAND, OF BELVIDERE, N.

(Twenty-five pieces.)

J.

Third Subdivision.

CHARLES LAING, of Philadelphia. G. HITCHNER, WASHINGTON J. LOWRY, S. K. HYATT, W.

Assistant Sub-Marshal. B.

Aides.

HENS, and

EDWARD

B.

L. EVERETT, of Philadelphia.

FLOAT

No.

3.

Tableaux furnished by St. John's Castle, No. 19, of Philadelphia. The dimensions of this float were eight by sixteen feet. The scene represented

was that of the

The work was surmounted by a

marble. St.

and arch of an entrance

pillars

to a castle, in imitation of

large golden eagle.

John, with several Crusade knights in armor.

Beneath was

In the foreground, planted

on a mound of rocks, was the banner of the

Castle.

priately draped with the colors of the order,

blue, black,

The

float

and

was appro-

red,

relieved

The wagon was drawn

with spears, shields, and various portions of armor.

which were gayly caparisoned. St. John's Commandery, No. 19, of Philadelphia, forty men, Captain William Betzoldt; St. John's Castle, No. 19, of Philadelphia, sixty men, NobleChief John Ross banner.

by

four horses,

;

KEYSTONE BAND, OF BOYERTOWN, Red Cross B.

Wannop

HARMER St.

;

Castle,

No.

30, of

PA.

(Eighteen pieces.)

Nicetown, forty-five men, Captain Alfred

banner.

FIFE

George

AND DRUM

Castle,

No. 60,

CORPS, OF forty-five

GERMANTOWN.

men,

W. H.

(Sixteen pieces.)

Gatchell,

Commander

;

banner.

Norris Commandery, No. 21, of Norristown, Castle, No.

SONS OF AMERICA

DRUM

men, and Hancock

CORPS, OF NORRISTOWN.

Chosen Friends Commandery, No. Captain F.

fifty

88, of Norristown, forty men, Captain Samuel E. Curil.

W, Leng

;

banner.

18,

(Fifteen pieces.)

of Philadelphia, seventy-five men,

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. EXCELSIOR BAND, OF BALTIMORE, MD.

(Twenty

IOI

pieces.)

Officers of the Grand Castle of Pennsylvania, escorted by Cyrene Commandery and Castle, No. 27, of Philadelphia, as follows :

Past-Grand

C. G. SIMON.

Chief.

CHARLES H. HUSTON.

Grand

Chief.

Grand

Vice-Chief.

Louis E. STILZ.

Grand High Priest. E. W. CLEVENGER. Grand Master of Records. J. D. BARNES. Grand Keeper of Exchequer. CHARLES A. BICKEL. A. C. LYTTLE.

Grand Sir Herald.

Grand

First

Guardsman.

A.

Grand Second Guardsman. Cyrene Commandery, No.

George Blaese Rebsher

;

J.

CHAS. T. DOLE.

27, of Philadelphia, seventy-five

Cyrene Castle, No.

;

HENNING.

27, thirty

men,

Sir

banner.

KIMBERTON CORNET BAND, OF CHESTER COUNTY, St.

Herald

Commandery, No.

Paul's

Thos. T.

Flick

Wm.

;

Melita

Oswell

Castle,

J.

PA.

90, of Philadelphia,

(Eighteen pieces.)

men, Captain

forty

No. 90, of Philadelphia, thirty men, Sir

banner.

;

America Commandery, No. Robert

men, Captain

Herald Charles H.

35, of Philadelphia, forty-five

men, Captain

Craig.

America

Castle,

No.

35, of Philadelphia, sixty

men, Noble-Chief H. C.

Kercher; banner.

AMERICUS FIFE AND DRUM CORPS. Escorting Fidelity

N.

Commandery and America

(Twenty men.) Castle,

No.

12,

of

twenty men, Captain Charles S. Holland. Spartan Castle and Commandery, No. 97, of Frankford, Captain Lewis M. Evans; banner.

field,

J.,

Antioch Commandery, No.

Harry

38, of Philadelphia, forty-five

Wm.

fifty

men,

men, Captain

Belville.

UNION BAND, OF LAWRENCEVILLE, St.

Haddon-

PA.

(Sixteen men.)

Victor Castle, No. 43, of Philadelphia, one hundred men, Captain

V. Fratz

;

banner, American

flag,

State

flag.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

IO2

PROCESSION.

FRANKENFIELD BAND, OF WEST PHILADELPHIA. Iron Bridge Castle, No.

104,

(Twenty

pieces.)

of Iron Bridge, thirty-six men, Captain

Rahn; banner. Mount Penn Commandery, No.

F. C.

51,

of Reading, thirty men, Captain

Edwin A. Moore.

MORNING CALL DRUM CORPS, OF READING. Corinthian

No. 106, of Philadelphia,

Castle,

(Fourteen pieces.)

fifty

men, M.

W.

Trimble,

Commander. Phoenix Commandery, No. 29, of Phoenixville, Pa.

CHESTER SPRINGS MILITARY BAND, OF CHESTER SPRINGS. Penn Township Castle, No. Lehman, Commander. POST

5

65, of Philadelphia, fifty

AND DRUM

FIFE

CORPS.

(Twenty-one

(Eleven pieces.)

men, Joseph A.

pieces.)

Fourth Subdivision.

GEORGE E. HAAK, of Reading, Pa. A. HOFMANN, POTTER, FABER, MILLER, JAS. D. HYER, and W. P. FOWLER, of Philadelphia A. M. ARMBRUSTER, of Washington D. C., and WALTER GREBB. Assistant Sub-Marshal.

WM.

Aides.

;

Camden

Castle,

No.

i,

of Camden, N.

J.,

sixty men,

Commander Thule

Mason.

Washington all

Castle,

No.

3,

William H. Slocum, Commander, sixty men,

accompanied by Mount Holly Band, of Mount Holly, twenty pieces. White Cross Castle, No. 10, thirty-five men, W. D. Reel, Commander. Castle

Jacob

Rock

Castle,

No. 158, of Newton Square,

fifty

men, Captain

W. Hardy.

Wootton Commandery, No. 45, thirty men, George Derrick, Commander, and Ardmore Castle, No. 102, Thomas Bond, Commander, eighty-six men, of Ardmore.

Ansonia

Castle, of

Germania

Castle,

Berwyn, with Berwyn Cornet Band, twenty pieces. No. 174, Frank Kohler, Commander, thirty-six men,

with a delegation from Steinway Castle, No. 172, of New York. The Knights of the Golden Eagle was founded in Baltimore, Md.,

February

6, 1873,

and was introduced into

this State

October

i,

1875.

The

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. Grand Castle of Pennsylvania was instituted April Castle was organized January 22, 1878.

The

features are beneficial, social,

and

103

27, 1876.

The Supreme

military.

DISPLAY OF THE JUNIOR ORDER OF UNITED AMERICAN MECHANICS. Sub-Marshal. Aides.

MARTIN,

C.

GEO. H. HARRIS.

JOHN V. GILLESPY, WM. ATKINSON, M. T. FARRA, JOHN A. KUHN, S. B. MENCH.

This organization paraded in the following order

GOOD-WILL CORNET BAND.

:

(Eighteen pieces.)

Kensington Council, No. 5, of Philadelphia; Marshal, Wm. Bonine; Assistants, Benj. H. Phill, Jr., and Eugene Daubert one banner, three flags, and one hundred members. ;

NEW BRUNSWICK Resolution Council, No. Assistants,

J.

6,

Berringer and

BRASS BAND.

Wm. Mann

tant,

Council, No. 10, of

H. M. Dagar; one

flag

Wm.

of Philadelphia; Marshal,

GLEN ROSE BAND.

Fame

(Eighteen pieces.)

;

one

and

flag

fifty

F.

Bowers; members.

(Seventeen pieces.)

Roxborough; Marshal, W. and forty members.

CLAREMONT CORNET BAND.

F. Steele

;

Assis-

(Nineteen pieces.)

Keystone Council, No. 11, of Manayunk; Marshal, John Jaggers Assistant, S. Burkhead one flag and one hundred members.

;

;

GREBLE FIFE AND DRUM CORPS. Greble Council, No.

13,

(Twenty-one pieces.)

of Philadelphia;

Marshal,

Weadley and George Alexander dred and ten members.

Assistants, S. C.

PENNSYLVANIA RESERVES BAND.

;

one

Harry Johnson; flag and one hun-

(Fourteen pieces.)

Rescue Council, No. 15, of Philadelphia; Marshal, Fred. Arnold; Asone flag and sixty members. sistants, Wm. T. Buck and M. Ackey ;

SCHLICHTER CORNET BAND.

(Twenty

pieces.)

^Eolian Council, No. 17, of Philadelphia; Marshal, Assistants,

members.

George

B.

Wordinger and John

S.

Ogden

;

Henry N. Tomsin; five flags

and ninety

CIVIC

104

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION,

LIBERTY FIFE AND DRUM CORPS. N. Enterprise Council, No. 6, of Trenton, Assistant,

J.

Worrel

Diamond

;

two

pieces.)

Marshal, Fred. Gilkyson;

J.;

and sixty members.

flags

Council, No.

(Ten

of Gloucester, N.

14,

Marshal,

J.;

J.

P.

Brown;

members.

fifteen

Perseverance Council, No. 30, of Vineland, N. forty-five

J.

;

Marshal, C. L. Porick;

members.

American Star Council, No.

49, of

West

Philadelphia; Marshal,

J.

Huber;

members.

fifteen

Fairview Council, No. 52, of Assistants,

J.

H. Beckley and

J.

West H.

Philadelphia; Marshal, E. Sherloch;

Little

one

;

LIBERTY FLUTE AND DRUM CORPS. Vigilant Council, No. 69, of Philadelphia sistants, Wm. Magee and

H.

S.

Wrightson

;

flag

and

forty-five

(Twenty-one

pieces.)

W.

Marshal,

;

members.

L.

Reeve

As-

;

three flags and one hundred and

ten members.

Mantua Council, No. 83, of Philadelphia one sistants, A. M. Wetzell and J. A. Turner ;

SCIENCE COUNCIL BAND.

;

Marshal,

flag

and

W.

F. Eidel

As-

;

forty members.

(Eighteen pieces.)

Science Council, No. 127, of Philadelphia; Marshal, C. T. Arnold" Assistants, George Keichline and S. Hoppenkoefer

;

Jr.

;

three flags and one

hundred and ten members.

John E. Armstrong Council, No. Jones twenty men.

130, of Philadelphia; Marshal,

J.

H.

;

Total

number of men

in line, 1230.

TWELFTH Assistant Marshal. Aides.

S.

J.

Z.

DIVISION.

BATTEN.

RANDALL, E. T.

SHAW, JOHN BROMLEY,

Jr.,

THOMAS BROM-

LEY, Jr.

TEXTILE AND TEXTILE MACHINERY. FLAX AND HEMP.

EXHIBITED BY JOHN T. BAILEY & Co.

This firm illustrated the industry in flax and hemp, particulary the hemp twine, cord, sash cord, harvesting twine,

manufacture of flax and

packing yarns, marline or shippers' twine, house

lines, bailing

twines for

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. cotton, corn-fodder yarn, tries,

linen,

and many other

varieties

105

now used

in other indus-

The firm also manufacture hemp, jute, agriculture, and the trades. on the most extensive scale, and for every possible and cotton bags,

use, also

buckram

material, prepared

for carriage-builders

and printed

and a great variety of bags of every

for the special uses of the consumers.

In the procession the order of the display was as follows First,

the firm.

:

a dog-cart with two horses driven tandem, bearing the banner of Next a band of twenty pieces, followed by three hundred men in

employes of the firm, and seven omnibuses containing about two hundred and fifty female employes. Next came the members of the firm in two carriages, followed by the clerks in another carriage. line,

FLOAT Next was a

On

decked.

great

float,

No.

i.

fourteen feet wide and thirty-six feet long, double

the upper deck was illustrated the process by which bags and

twine were made, by hand, in 1787.

On

the lower deck was represented

the present manner of spinning and balling twine by machinery, the printing

and sewing of bags, also by machinery, showing in a forcible manner the great advance made in the methods of making those goods as compared with the olden time. This float was drawn by ten horses, and the processes were

in

continuous operation, the motive power being supplied by a vertical

engine on the

float.

FLOAT

No.

2.

Following this came a house built entirely of twine and sash cord, forming a striking feature of the display, which was frequently applauded along This was drawn by four horses.

the route.

FLOAT Next came a

No.

3.

similar house, built entirely of bags

and burlaps

in suitable

packages, showing the stocks and the products in the bag-making depart-

This also was drawn by four horses.

ment.

Bringing up the rear of the display was a wagon loaded with supplies

any accident or injury to the exhibit. there were fifty-eight horses and about six hundred employes

and implements In

all

the display, VOL.

ii.

all

15

to provide for

belonging to the

work of the

firm.

in

CIVIC

106

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

WOOLLENS AND WORSTEDS. EXHIBIT BY FOLWELL BROS.

To

&

Co.

accomplish the desired end and present in one great object-lesson skill and energy have wrought in the textile

what a century of American

industry, this firm prepared four large four-horse floats.

FLOAT

Upon

the

first

float

No.

i.

samples of material were placed, consisting of

washed and unwashed native and foreign wools, camel's mohairs, illustrating the raw material from which they

FLOAT This was followed by a

No.

hair,

and Turkish

fabricate.

2.

upon which were illustrated the various processes of washing, combing, drawing, and spinning wool, showing the methods by which the raw material is prepared for the loom. float

FLOAT was a large

No.

3.

upon which was arranged, in a tasteful manner, examples of the varied and beautiful products of labor of this firm upon the raw material which were shown upon the preceding floats. Following

The

this

float

contrast between the crude wools

great,

and exemplified

and

hairs

and the

finished stuffs

was

fully the present state of the art in its ability to pro-

duce from such ugly and unpromising crude material fabrics which a hundred years ago could not have been produced for the garments of kings, yet which to-day, by the skill, ingenuity, and taste of American

workmen, are brought within the easy purchasing power of the humblest and poorest.

FLOAT

On

No.

4.

shown how much the methods by which such made now have been improved on those used one hundred years ago. This was done by presenting the hand-loom of the last century in contrast with a steam engine driving a modern loom (made in the workshop the fourth float was

fabrics are

of the firm), running at the speed of two hundred and forty picks to the

minute, which

is

believed to be the fastest-running

States at this date, weaving beautiful

the march.

loom

in the

United

goods while the procession was on

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. On

aprons, attached to each

float,

was the following

107

:

A protective tariff means plenty of work for the American workmen, plenty of money in circulation, and cheap goods for the people through "

competition." "

We

used to import these goods from England

couraged us to found a plant and make them

The

outfit consisted

twenty-four

men

a protective

tariff

en-

in Philadelphia."

of twenty horses, four

in charge, drivers,

;

floats,

one barouche, with

and operators, and two women weavers.

CARPETS. EXHIBITED BY BROMLEY BROTHERS, LIMITED.

The

display of the carpet-manufacturing firm of Bromley Bros., limited

Thomas Bromley, John Boyd, John R. White, John H. Bromand Thomas Bromley, Jr.), consisted of four mounted sub-marshals,

(consisting of ley, Jr.,

Gwynedd Cornet Band,

the

men

of twenty pieces, two hundred and

of their manufactory, each uniformed in a white flannel

fifty

shirt,

work-

blue

tie,

black cap, and each wearing an apron of ingrain carpet, woven especially for " this occasion, in which were woven the words, Bromley Bros. Carpets,"

with thirteen stars for a border, and the dates 1787 and 1887.

There were twelve boys, uniformed as the men, bearing between them a twenty-foot American flag.

came a four-horse barouche, in which were seated Mr. Thomas Bromley and Mr. John R. White, of the firm of Bromley Bros. After them

FLOAT

Then came a

An

years ago.

four-horse old

No.

i.

of carpet-making one hundred

float, illustrative

woman,

1787, sat at an old hand-wheel,

attired as in

rag bobbins for an old man, who, in the garb of 1787, wove on an old hand-loom the only grade of carpet made in

patiently winding

as patiently

America

ably weave three shots a minute.

such

as,

which he could probbore appropriate inscriptions,

at that time, viz., the ancient rag-carpet, in

"Ye

This

float

old-time loom and carpet, as

FLOAT

No.

it

was made

in 1787."

2.

This was followed by another four-horse float, showing the great adfour horsevancement made in carpet-weaving in one hundred years.

A

power steam engine, driving an improved Crompton ingrain loom, running

CIVIC

108

AND INDUSTRIAL

and making

at the rate of eighty shots per minute,

in

float

her

first

it

century leads the world in carpets."

FLOAT Then came two

Body

perfect extra super

went along, run by a young girl tastefully dressed. bore the inscriptions, "As it is done now, 1887;" "Philadelphia

ingrain carpet as

This

PROCESSION.

Brussels,

No.

3.

large four-horse teams with pyramids of

and Wilton

carpets, in the

most

Smyrna

rugs,

attractive patterns, styles,

and

colorings, showing the product of the firm's looms at the present time, for distribution through their sole agents, Boyd, White & Co., and 1216 Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia; New York, Chicago, Market 716 and St. Louis.

and marked

The

display

Bromley,

Jr.,

was

the charge of John H. Bromley,

in

Jr.,

and Thomas

aides to the Assistant Marshal of the Twelfth Division.

WORSTEDS AND WOOLLENS. EXHIBIT BY B.

W. GREER & HETZEL.

This firm had on a

float, eighteen by sixteen feet, a latest-improved, Knowles ninety-inch loom, weaving cloth. The loom was thirty-harness, driven by a three-horse upright engine, and ran one hundred and eighty-

four picks per minute.

This was the only wide loom ever exhibited on a wagon and weaving cloth in the United States. This firm makes worsted goods exclusively for men's wear, and the warp they had in the loom was weaving worsted coating.

EXHIBIT OF After this

came the

EDWARD RIDGWAY.

curtain display of

Edward Ridgway.

The

curtains

were shown on frames drawn on two wagons.

EXHIBIT OF THE BRAINARD & ARMSTRONG COMPANY. This firm, engaged in the manufacture of " American spool- and skeinsilk," made an exhibit upon one float sixteen feet long, drawn by four horses

and attended by four men. FLOAT.

Upon Its

this float

they exhibited the largest spool of silk ever constructed. ton. The diameter of the spool was six feet the

weight was about one

;

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. length, eleven

109

Two men

stood with ease inside the spool, the space inside being large enough to admit six men. The silk around the outside feet.

of the spool was formed by small spools strung upon steel rods, each steel rod running from head to head of the large spool. Their trade-mark, " Best in the

World," was worked

contrasting colors across each side of the

in

large spool.

They used over nine thousand small spools of silk in this manner, which would be equivalent to two hundred and sixty-five miles, or four hundred and fifty thousand yards of silk thread. Their mottoes upon the float to indicate the progress of silk industry in this country gave the following

information "

:

One hundred

years ago this country had no silk-mills, no silk and manufactured no silk goods. Last year the silk goods machinery, manufactured in this country were estimated at $60,000,000, while the spool-silk

and

skein-silk alone

would probably amount

to $13,000,000 or

$15,000,000."

Concerning the quality of American spool- and skein-silks, the statement that this firm's goods are smoother and better made than any silkthread goods in the world

is

best informed on the subject.

not believed to be an exaggeration by those In this line of goods this country is believed

to be able to-day to

compete with England, upon Canadian America; and there have been a few American thread France, their superiority earning for

them a demand and

soil,

or in South

silks

shipped to

sale,

notwithstand-

ing the increased cost of the goods, caused by long shipments and carrying on of the business under unfavorable circumstances.

SILK CULTURE INTEREST. REPRESENTED BY THE WOMEN'S SILK CULTURE ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES.

The

following report of the association,

president, while setting forth the misfortune

prepared exhibit a few its

moments

place in the general column,

vancement of the culture of

by Mrs. H.

which

before the time is

silk

yet so

full

deep

pleasure and

;

Taylor, vice-

befell their

when

it

handsomelywould have taken

of interest touching the ad-

and manufacture of

States during the constitutional century just closed that interest

P.

silk it

in

will

the United

be read with

and the vast number of spectators who were deprived of the gratification of seeing the exhibit of the association in the

1

CIVIC

10

procession will find

AND INDUSTRIAL

some recompense

in

PROCESSION.

reading the report, showing, as

manufacture of silk

in

the culture of silk

what great advance has been made, not only goods, but also the results and improvements made does,

under the auspices of "

One

country

this Association

it

in the

:

of the important features of the increase of production in this the culture of

is

silk.

While most of the other

industries of the

for, and many of them have been excelled, by Young America, the very important one of silk culture has, until very recently, been entirely neglected.

Old World have been competed

"

The

judicious tariff on manufactured silk goods has induced the estab-

lishment of several hundred superior silk-mills in this country, which draw

from foreign countries raw material to the amount of at

twenty million which requires that amount of our gold to pay for. Our centennial celebration, by its industrial display, was intended, in many least

dollars annually, late

branches, to

show the

dred years

but

;

The production

great improvements that have been

much was

made in the last hun-

known

exhibited that was not

in the last century.

of silk was practised in the colonies more than a hundred

years ago, in the time of

But

King George.

after the

Revolutionary

War

it

was abandoned and compelled to give way for the more profitable and extensive operations of cotton, wool, and iron, which this young and growing country seemed

now many

more urgently

to

demand

at that time.

As

there are

and machinery for manufacturing silk, demanding so largely of the raw material, this seems to be the opportune time to re-establish the old and lost industry. With this view of the subject, and

millions invested in mills

for the

needy

purpose of giving work to

women and

employed, the

children

Women's

many thousands of idle hands of throughout the land who else might not be

Silk Culture Association of the United States

established at Philadelphia in

1880.

In order to

was

show the modes and

workings of the industry in the industrial parade this association had constructed a very beautiful

wide, surrounded

by a

float.

railing

The two

platform was

feet

above the

fifteen feet

floor,

long and seven

the whole covered

by

a canopy elevated to a height of eight feet above the carpet. This canopy was covered with heavy mazarine-blue plush and lined with a beautiful buff

The

cornice was handsomely draped with the same blue material, which was festooned with skeins of golden reeled silk from almost every color.

State in the Union,

making altogether an

effective contrast.

The base

of

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

\\\

the platform was also heavily draped with the blue plush, the loopings being ornamented with clusters of cocoons, and the railings decorated with strings

heavy festoons. On the float was exhibited a case of superior reeled silk, both white and yellow, artistically arranged in various forms, and an American flag which was truly American, the silk having of cocoons

hung

been raised

in

in

the States, reeled, dyed, and woven in Philadelphia.

Also a

reel, of American make, operated by an expert young reeler who has been trained and educated in the school of the association. This reel

superior

was invented by one of Philadelphia's skilled mechanics, assisted by one of her scientific scholars, and is superior to all other reels, having a capacity double that of any other one

who

is

now

The

in existence.

president of the association,

travelling in the silk-growing countries of Europe, reports that

she has seen none to equal

it.

The

reel bears the

same

relation to silk

culture that the cotton-gin does to cotton culture, reeling being the

process in preparing the silk for the loom. silk culture

was not possible

It

in this country,

first

has been said by some that

and that the American

girls

cannot be trained to the delicate art of reeling. This has been thoroughly refuted by this association, as quite a number have already been taught in its school to be expert reelers, and are now employed at good wages in its rooms, Nos. 1222 and 1226 Arch Street, where there are six steam

reels in

operation, being the largest filature yet established in this country. in various

ways, as shown on the

made a silk-growing Being a very handsome

can be "

A

people. Street,

float,

has

it

Thus,

been demonstrated that

this

country. novelty,

few minutes before

some persons unknown,

it

was

it

attracted

the attention of

to be ordered into line

either carelessly or

many

on Broad

maliciously, threw a

match on the top of the plush covering, which instantly took fire and burned rapidly. While the driver and others were endeavoring to subdue lighted

the

fire

by putting

off

some of the

advantage of the critical

draping, the vandals and thieves took

moment and

tore off the draping on the lower plat-

form, amounting to one hundred and forty or one hundred and fifty yards of plush, and carried it away, with all the cocoons and reeled silk, and even

attempted to in

steal the flag,

charge of the "

float.

The two young

uninjured.

Thus

which was, however, retaken by one of the boys

in

girls

a few

on the

float

miraculously escaped from the flames

moments was destroyed one of the most

beautiful

CIVIC

112

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

and refined displays in the great Industrial Parade, and over half a million people were deprived of the pleasure of seeing this illustration of the progress of silk culture in the

United

States.

TEXTILE MACHINERY. EXHIBIT OF THE BRIDESBURG MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

The Bridesburg Manufacturing Company exhibited four were shown the contrasts presented by the devices in use pared with the spinning and weaving machinery now in use. FLOAT

On

the

first float

in

on which

1787 as com-

i.

a hand spinning-wheel of the olden time was contrasted

with a ring spinning-frame as

now

used.

FLOAT

On

No.

floats,

No.

2.

the second float was an old-fashioned hand-loom contrasting with a drop-sheet, the

full-lift

loom such

as

is

FLOAT

now No.

preferred.

3.

For wool-carding, a Botelle condensing machine was shown on the third float, an elaborate and completely furnished machine of the latest model.

FLOAT

On

No.

4.

a fourth float was shown Kenwood's patent channelling machine for

rock- and slate-cutting, a representation of the diversified

work of

this

com-

pany, which has sometimes conducted extensive operations in glue-making

and other work

for the public service.

Cotton and woollen machinery were manufactured at Holmesburg,

by Alfred Jenks. Mr. Alfred Jenks was a

Pa.,

in 1810,

as the

first

pupil for

cotton-spinner in this country, as well as the

of cotton machinery, as far as

from

some years of Samuel

reliable sources,

we

it

learn

had advanced supplied the

Slater, celebrated

first

at that time. first

manufacturer Alfred Jenks

mill in this portion of

Pennsylvania with the requisite machinery, and subsequently the Keating Mill, at Manayunk, then owned by J. G. Kempton, and now by the A.

Campbell Manufacturing Company. As early as 1816 he Ripka a number of looms for weaving cottonades.

built for

Joseph

In 1819, Mr. Jenks's operations were greatly extended by his removal to

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL,

113

the present desirable location of the Bridesburg Manufacturing

Company, at Here he greatly enhanced the capacity of his own establishment, and was thereby enabled to meet the demands for Bridesburg, Philadelphia, Pa.

woollen machinery that arose about this time.

The next important

feature of Mr. Jenks's operation

was the introduc-

of a power-loom of his own invention for weaving checks. For twelve years prior to the death of Mr. Alfred Jenks, which took place in 1854, and up to the year 1863, the entire business of the firm was tion, in 1830,

conducted by his son, Mr. Barton H. Jenks. In 1863 it was organized into a stock company, with Mr. Barton H. Jenks as president, and Mr. Joseph H. Mitchell as treasurer, and large con-

were taken from the government to manufacture muskets. At this time the plant covers two hundred and eighty-five thousand

tracts

square

with one hundred and sixty thousand square

feet,

and has capacity Bates

is

feet

employ twelve hundred men.

sufficient to

of floor space,

Mr. Stockton

the president.

TEXTILE MACHINERY. EXHIBIT OF W. W. ALTEMUS

&

SON.

This firm made an exhibit on one wagon drawn by two horses, and attended by six men.

They for

displayed a hand-wheel forty-five years old, showing

gingham was wound then, and a

how

filling

thirty-spindle skein-winding bobbin-

machine, winding bobbin at one thousand one hundred revolutions per minute, and doing sixty pounds of yarn a day on fine grade, and supplying

The machine

thirty looms.

is

of recent invention, and application for a

patent has been lately granted.

They have

built

one hundred machines, and No. 100 was

in the parade.

KNITTING-MACHINE. EXHIBIT OF A. WRIGHTSON, Manufacturer of Knitting-Machines.

The

exhibit of this manufacturer consisted of

fifty

men, six wagons, and

thirteen horses.

The

first

the progress "

wagon, drawn by two horses, had painted on both

made

in knitting in

"

sides,

See

100 years."

The second wagon, drawn by one horse, had painted on both sides, The first knitting-machine known, knits one stocking per day." This was VOL. n.

1

6

CIVIC

114

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

represented by an old lady knitting stockings

by hand, and two small

girls,

one winding yarn from the skein in the other's hands on to a ball. The old lady and children were dressed in the style of the days of 1776. The third wagon, drawn by two horses, had painted on both sides, "

The It

first

knitting-machine invented, knits three pairs per day."

contained one of the old stocking-looms invented

Lee more than one hundred years ago. The fourth wagon, drawn by two "

Balmoral Machine.

Plain

and

Wm.

by the Rev.

had painted on both sides, Knits one hundred dozen pairs per

horses,

ribbed.

day."

This wagon also contained one of the latest machines for making plain

and fancy hosiery. It will make four stockings at one time, or a daily capacity of one hundred dozen pairs of hose per day.

The "

fifth

Machine It

for

wagon, drawn by two horses, had painted on both

making

The

The

sides,

300,000 stitches per minute."

contained an eighteen-inch forty-feed machine for making plain and

fancy underwear. "

shirts, knits

sixth

fastest

It

has a daily capacity of ten to twelve dozen

shirts.

wagon, drawn by four horses, had painted on both sides, knitting-machine in the world for making jerseys, etc., knits

300 yards of cloth per day." It

contained a thirty-inch and

plain and

fifty-six

machine, making jersey cloth,

fancy, with a capacity of eighteen to twenty dozen jerseys a day.

KNITTED COSTUMES. EXHIBIT OK

The

J.

W. MANSFIELD.

exhibit of this manufacturer of knitted goods

was shown upon one

drawn by two horses, and carrying an old-fashioned knitting-machine in operation. Eleven men were dressed in fancy costumes, as follows one clown suit, one red devil suit, one boating suit, one bicycle suit, one base-ball float,

:

one equestrian suit, one combination gan suit, one theatrical suit.

suit,

suit,

one

foot-ball suit,

one tobog-

SUSPENDER EXHIBIT. THE EXHIBIT OF THE PIONEER SUSPENDER COMPANY, This exhibit was made upon two

floats.

F. A.

FREEMAN &

SONS, PROPRIETORS.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. FLOAT

On way,

by the

needle,

women

the second float was

presses in operation, one

The

etc.

suspenders per day.

No.

2.

"

shown the

boy doing the

new way," by machinery, tippingwork of ten women, machines run-

of this firm, as given,

capacity

in the old

plying the needle.

FLOAT

ning,

i.

one was represented the manufacture of the suspenders

viz.,

On

No.

115

They had twenty

is

two hundred dozen

operators in the display.

CEDAR TANKS, VATS, AND RESERVOIRS. EXHIBIT OF GEORGE BURKHARDT'S SONS.

This firm

is

engaged

in the

manufacture of cedar vats, tanks, and reser-

voirs for manufacturers' use.

Number

of men, eight

;

number of

About

work

five.

in this line of

manufacture was

that time (1847) crude machinery

was introduced.

Until within the last forty years

done by hand.

horses,

all

Since then there has been a gradual improvement, and the exhibit

made

demonstrates the perfection to which machinery had been brought to bear

upon the manufacture of tanks. Another feature of this exhibit was the use of a peculiar lug and bolt the purpose of fastening and tightening the hoops.

The twenty

vat of ten thousand gallons capacity feet long.

This length

is

was ten

feet in

for

diameter and

very unusual for a cedar vat, material of

that length being very difficult to obtain.

They

also exhibited a tank with galvanized hoops, the process of galvan-

izing being comparatively modern.

The

cedar dye-tub exhibited was peculiar in having the joints tongued

and the bolts made of copper.

These

being intended to adapt it more perfectly for the new process of dyeing with colors, which has into use since the discovery of petroleum. very general grown peculiarities

CIVIC

Il6

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION,

THIRTEENTH DIVISION. ALONZO SHOTWELL.

Assistant Marshal.

EXHIBIT OF STRAWBRIDGE & CLOTHIER. WECCACOE BAND.

This firm exhibited upon a large

by a

liveried footman,

an

S.

(Twenty-four pieces.) float,

illustration in oil,

H. KENDLE, Leader.

drawn by eight horses, each led showing on one end a represent-

The

ative store of 1787, taken from an old print in "Watson's Annals."

larger part of the canvas

was occupied with an accurate painting of

their

present store, as a representative store of 1887, the contrast between the two pictures being designed to illustrate the superior advantages for transacting

business at this time over those of a century past.

FOURTEENTH

CHARLES BERGER.

Assistant Marshal. Aides.

C. C.

DIVISION.

WARTMAN, GEORGE BARTELL, COLONEL

This firm made an exhibit upon twelve the following order:

upon

it,

ness in the world."

employe of the firm

WARD.

floats,

drawn by

fifty

horses, in

BANNER.

This banner was carried "

R. C.

WANAMAKER & BROWN.

EXHIBIT OF

inscribed

J.

a barouche drawn by four horses, and had

in

Wanamaker & Brown,

the largest

In the barouche rode Mr. in

term of

retail

clothing busi-

John R. Houpt, the

oldest

service.

BAND OF THE SEVENTY-FIRST REGIMENT, NEW YORK NATIONAL GUARD. (Sixty-two pieces.)

PROFESSOR ESSEN, Leader.

FLOAT

No.

i.

Following the band came the first float, which represented a sheepInside of the enclosure enclosure, with grass growing, fenced in with logs. were four boys, dressed in different Highland plaids, minding four sheep, with the aid of a shepherd-dog,

trie

motto being, "Our most intimate

friends."

FLOAT

On

No.

2.

the next float was a tailor in the dress of

with the tools of his time.

At

this

1

787,

end there was a

working "

sign,

at his trade

In Continental

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. At

clothes."

the other end,

"

To

clothe a continent,"

the most modern kind, with a capacity of doing as

117

was a

much

knife-cutter of

as one

hundred

men.

FLOAT

On

the third float there were

soldier, railroad

men

No.

standing dressed respectively as

sailor,

conductor, carpenter, salesman, lawyer, policeman, and

how many

doctor; for the purpose of showing trade must provide

them

3.

The

for.

float

professions the clothing

was appropriately

labelled

"

We

clothe

all."

FLOAT

On

this three

women

No.

4.

sat at spinning-wheels,

and another reclined on an

easy-chair, before an old-fashioned fireplace, representing the ladies of

"

ye

olden time," and their handmaidens spinning the wool for homespun cloth,

wherewith to dress the men of the household. tions

" :

Home-made

Hard work,"

clothes,

This

"

bore two inscrip-

float

Ready-made

Home

clothes,

luxuries."

FLOATS Six

floats,

observer.

S to

No.

10.

drawn* by four horses each, then claimed the attention of the

They were decorated with

whose woollen

stuffs

They came

sented.

No.

they carried, in the

the flags of the various countries

and whose woollen industry they repre-

following order

:

America, Scotland, Ireland,

Germany, England, and France. Marching behind a banner, on which was emblazoned

"

Our

clothing the

top of four centuries of tailoring," were four platoons of eight

The

dressed in the costumes 'of four different centuries.

men

first

each,

platoon

dressed as Indians of 1487, the second as Hollanders of 1587, the third as

Quakers of 1687, and the

last in the

Continental dress of a century past.

FLOAT

The

last

and largest

was about sixteen read

" :

float

feet long,

No.

ii.

of the Division was drawn by six horses.

and had a sign running

Actual shipment of to-day

its full

Our agency system

length,

It

which

covers the whole

American continent."

FLOAT

No.

12.

There were on a stand a number of dummies covered with clothing ordered from all parts of the United States, from Washington Territory to Connecticut, and from Minnesota to Texas and Florida.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

Il8

decoration of the floats were under the manage-

The arrangement and ment of John

PROCESSION.

connected with Messrs.

S. Neal,

Wanamaker & Brown.

FIFTEENTH DIVISION. WILLIAM HAMMERSLEY.

Assistant Marshal. Aides.

GEORGE

J.

VANDERGRIFT,

J.

C.

WEBB.

TRANSPORTATION. EXHIBIT OF THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD COMPANY. 1.

Band, Altoona.

2.

Pack-mules.

Thirty pieces, in chariot, four horses.

Three mules and two

Four horses and four

3.

Emigrants.

4.

Pony Express.

One horse and

rider.

6.

Conestoga Wagon. Six horses and three Concord Coach. Four horses.

7.

Canal Boat, Packet, on

5.

8.

9.

11.

Laying the

12.

Old-style Locomotive, on

14. 15. 6.

17.

mules and two horses.

Fburteen men.

Trackmen, with

13.

Two

float.

drivers.

Canal Boat, Freight, on float. Two mules and two horses. Civil Engineers, with instruments and seven men.

10.

1

drivers. riders.

tools.

on

track,

float.

Four

horses.

Six horses.

float.

Modern Locomotive, on float. Twenty-five Mail Car, on float. Four horses. Express Car, on Baggage Car, on

float. float.

Passenger Car, on

horses.

Four horses and three men. Four

float.

Four

horses. horses.

19.

Sleeping Car on float. Four horses and three men. Dining Car, on float. Four horses and four men.

20.

Box

21.

Coal Car, on

22.

Band, Phcenix Military.

18.

K

The

Car, on

float.

float.

Four

horses.

Four

horses.

Thirty pieces.

foregoing enumeration of the objects

from the

official

report of the company,

fails

shown

in this exhibit,

to convey to the

taken

mind of the

reader an adequate conception of the grandeur and the suggestiveness im-

pressed upon the mind of the spectator by the exhibit.

The

following, from

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

119

the Public Ledger of September 16, will aid very materially in accomplishing this object

:

METHODS OF TRANSPORTATION.

"

"

The Pennsylvania Railroad's exhibit, which followed, formed on Montgomery Avenue, the right resting on the west side of Broad Street. " It was the desire of the Pennsylvania to show in its exhibit the progress that has been

made

in

locomotion during the past hundred years, and

in

was highly successful. Many of the exhibits were most realistic. This was particularly noticeable in those exhibits which showed means of this

it

A

travel of half or three-quarters of a century ago.

band-wagon, gayly

decorated and containing the Altoona Band, to the number of thirty

On

musicians, led.

was

lettering,

a blue shield, in the form of a keystone, in white '

this

inscription,

The Pennsylvania

A

Railroad.

century's

Around wagon and at various points throughout the exprogress.' hibit were Assistant Marshal William Hammersley and his aides, J. C. the

Webb and George showing

J.

The gentlemen

Vandergrift.

did

much

to aid in

off the exhibit.

"

Following the band-wagon came three pack-mules, holding immense packs on their backs, in which kitchen utensils and household goods were

Accompanying them were These wore regular felt grants. seen.

breeches.

Next came the pony

four

men

dressed in the style

hats, blue

express, with

shirts, its

-of

emi-

and dark corduroy

rider dressed in the style

The saddle-bags on

the pony were stuffed out with paper, and packages. The Conestoga wagon, to which were attached six horses, attracted

of an immigrant.

to represent letters "

general attention.

was still

in in

It

was a novelty

to those along the line of march,

and

consequence duly appreciated. Conestoga wagons to this day are many parts of the far West. The one exhibited yesterday was

use in

brought from Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, and had up to a few years ago been in daily use. It was long and narrow in shape, and was covered with coarse white canvas that also covered part of the front, leaving a small aperture.

There was no seat

for the driver, and, in fact,

horses used to drag a Conestoga side, front

terns in

all.

wagon

when

in

are either ridden or led.

motion the

On

either

and back, hung lanterns containing candles, making four lanIn the rear and on the off side hung a tar-pot. This contained

the tar for lubricating the axles.

The wagon was about

twenty-five feet

CIVIC

120

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

The wheels were made

of heavy hard wood, encircled by immense and the body of the wagon were painted blue. The wagon was one of those used nearly one hundred years ago for travelling " Twenty days from Philadelphia to purposes, and on it was the legend, long.

Both

iron tires.

sides

Leading the horses attached to

Pittsburgh."

it

were two guards, dressed

as emigrants. "

The Concord coach, which came next, was ponderous and heavy. It stood on four immense wheels, with spokes as big as the arm of a man. The running-gear was of the pattern used half a century ago. Inside was space sufficient for the seating of half a dozen persons.

The

driver's

box

was high up forward. The coach must, with all its attachments, have weighed nearly six thousand pounds. It was drawn by four horses. One

man

drove, while another walked and attended to the horses.

a shelf used for the placing of trunks and other baggage. name of the New York Transfer Company' appeared. '

New York

obtained from "

The next

side the

The coach was

City.

float,

was a model of an old time packet-boat, resting on a surrounded by what appeared to be water. Lines were attached to exhibit

two mules, who, while they did not pull the that they were towing the boat. On each '

name, an

is

Behind was

On one

H. H. Houston, of Philadelphia,'

official

in

float,

side,

carried out the delusion

under the bow, was the

Mr. Houston

white lettering.

of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and was

formerly connected

There were four small windows on each

with canal transportation.

with a raised cabin in the centre.

Through these windows the

side,

interior of

the cabin could be seen. "

At

the rear end, and near the

tiller,

was an American

flag.

The

sides

of the float were decorated with blue material, festooned with stripes of red,

and blue bunting. The effect was a good one, and the means of canal travel a hundred years ago. white,

"

Following the packet came the canal-boat

'

Owen

fully illustrated

Brady.'

a Philadelphian, and a large owner of canal-boat property.

is

differs

but

except in

little,

from the ordinary canal-boat seen on any of It, too, stood on a float, and was surrounded

material to represent water.

lines,

walked a

ing of the

little

float.

'

size,

the canals in Pennsylvania.

by

Mr. Brady

The Brady'

Two

mules, to which were attached tow-

two horses, which did the real pullby one man, while another stood at

to the right of the

The mules were

led

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. the

tiller,

and made a pretense of

steering.

121

The whole was very

realistic,

imagination would have thought himself on the banks of a canal. The models of canal-boats were twenty-four feet long, four The design and construcfeet beam, two and one-half feet depth of hold.

and one with but

tion

were the

George

J.

little

work of

result of the

J.

C.

Webb,

general foreman, and

Vandergrift, chief-engineer, Pennsylvania Railroad carpenter-shop,

as their direct contribution to the demonstration. " Six engineers on foot, carrying their implements, were next seen.

These were

dressed

and black

trousers,

canvas

white

in

neckties.

helmet

They looked very

hats,

plaid

blue

shirts,

picturesque, and

was

it

intended to make it appear as though they were locating a railroad. " Ten trackmen or laborers followed the engineers. These carried picks, shovels, and chains, and were known as the construction gang.' They '

were dressed

in fastening the rails

manner

on

which a road

in

Then came a

like laborers.

The workmen were

ties is

float,

on which men were engaged

and ballasting the track, thus showing the This float was drawn by four horses.

built.

dressed in white

felt hats,

blue shirts, and dark corduroy

trousers. "

A model

of the

'

Stroughbridge Lion,' one of the

by the Pennsylvania Railroad, was next shown. weighed twenty

fully five

thousand pounds.

locomotives used

It rested

on a

float,

and

whole, with the tender, was over

In shape the model of the

feet in length.

was most

The

first

'

Stroughbridge Lion'

had huge arms and walking beams over its boiler, and in some respects resembled the picture of Old Ironsides/ painted on the banner of the Baldwin Locomotive Works' exhibit. The original was eccentric.

It

'

built in

and Hudson Canal Company, have been the oldest locomotive in America. It was

1847, at Albany, for the Delaware

and was said

to

broken up many years ago. "

Having given those along the line of march an idea of the means of transportation one hundred years ago, it was thought that a fitting ending to this

immense display would be a modern locomotive with steam

on.

This

appeared next, and consisted of a big passenger locomotive weighing fiftyfive thousand pounds. This was placed on a float, and was pulled by twenty-eight horses. The wheels, which were raised from the platform, could

be seen to move slowly with the machinery. and at intervals the whistle would be blown. VOL.

ii.

17

Smoke issued from the stack, The finale of the Pennsylvania

CIVIC

122

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

Railroad's exhibit consisted of models of the eight cars several lines of the

company,

viz.,

two

liorses.

in use

on the

mail, express, baggage, sleeping, dining,

Each was mounted on a

passenger, box, and coal cars.

now

float,

and drawn by

General Passenger Agent Latta conceived and carried out the The exhibit was in point of size next to that of the

idea of the exhibit.

Baldwin Locomotive Works."

EXHIBIT OF THE ADAMS EXPRESS COMPANY.

The

exhibit

made by

this

company showed

of rapid transportation adopted by the

the progress in the

company

modes

at various dates since its

organization, in 1839, from the hand-carried carpet-bag to the chilled and

steel-bound burglar-proof

The

first in

safe.

the line was a

man

carrying a carpet-bag, representing the

beginning of the express business in the United States in 1839; the next was a man pushing a wheelbarrow that contained a box for George W. Childs, Philadelphia, from

New

York, representing the business

the next was a single wagon, with a sign showing the

in

1840;

number of employes

men and

a boy, and in 1887 to be 7800 employes, 1826 and 23,000 miles of railroad operated. Following wagons, 2235 horses, this was a single wagon filled with packages, showing the growth of the in

1840 to be two

business

;

then came a light double wagon, drawn by two ponies,

filled

with

United States Treasury at Washington, United States Mint at After Philadelphia, and assistant treasurers at Philadelphia and New York. this was a regulation-size two-horse wagon containing chests in which the safes for the

company filled

carries small packages,

and following

this

was a four-horse wagon

with boxes and other express matter consigned to the principal mer-

chants of Philadelphia.

In

all,

this

company had

ten horses, five wagons,

and

fifteen men, the entire lot preceded by a band of twenty-eight pieces from Phcenixville, Pa. This exhibit was costly, and fully up to the progressive and intelligent management of this company, that has made it the first of its kind in the

world.

Following came the

EXHIBIT OF COXE BROS., OF DRIFTON, It

was intended

which

in

PA.

to represent the anthracite coal trade of Pennsylvania,

1787 was practically nothing.

The shipments

in

1825 amounted

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. to three

hundred and

forty-five tons.

123

In 1887 they will probably reach

thirty-five million tons.

The

exhibit

feet long,

costume.

was made upon one

drawn by

On

float eight feet

six mules, each pair

wide and twenty-five

mounted by a

driver in mining

the platform were the following: a machinist in charge of

boy to run the locomotive, a boy to run the hoisting a and arrangement, superintendent with four men dressed as miners. Upon this platform was placed, as nearly as practicable, a representation

the machinery, a

of the works in and around the

mouth of an

anthracite coal mine.

At one

end was shown the timbering of the top of the slope or mine, from which the plane ascends to the top of the breaker, with a double railroad track going down into the mines. On one of these tracks was an ordinary mine car, which was hoisted and lowered by means of a friction drum under the breaker.

on

The dump, by which

this track.

On

the coal

is

emptied from the

the other track a gun-boat, as

region, runs up and down, and dumps.

it

is

The gun-boat

car,

was shown

called in the is

mining

not detached from

dumped into it in the mines. From the point where the coal is dumped, it passes down over bars to a platform, where the large coal is picked out and goes down what is known as the lump-chute to the track, where it is loaded in cars for market. The coal the rope in mining, but the mine car

is

that goes through the bars passes to a gyrating screen, which has a motion

very similar to that of an ordinary sieve, and makes various sizes. The large coal, which does not go through the bars can be passed through a pair of rolls, or crushers, which break it up into smaller sizes, and the coal

which passes through these it

up

into different sizes.

rolls

goes into a revolving screen, which divides

All these screens and rolls were so arranged as

to be kept in motion, exactly as they

breaker.

Each

size of coal

would be

in practice

on an ordinary

goes into a pocket or bin, but these bins were

omitted in the exhibit, as they would have obstructed the view of the

Alongside of the breaker run three tracks, upon which were specimens of the different kinds of cars used for carrying anthracite coal to market. One was a model of a Pennsylvania Railroad gondola, carrying

breaker.

sixty thousand pounds, one a

Lehigh Valley Railroad gondola, of the same capacity, one a Central Railroad of New Jersey four-wheel car, one a Lehigh Valley Railroad four-wheel car, one a Chicago and Western Railroad

box

car,

and one a

flat

car containing a load of mine props, such as are

CIVIC

124

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

used in the mines for keeping up the roof; of course the props were on a small scale. In addition there was an anthracite coal locomotive which was

an exact copy of some of the Pennsylvania Railroad locomotives in use. This locomotive is so arranged that the wheels can turn round without its moving forward, thus allowing the engine to be run continuously without

moving forward, the power being

The

breaker. artificial

utilized to drive the

coal used in this locomotive

is

machinery of the anthracite, and, as there is no

device to procure steam, the locomotive itself can run from twelve

to fifteen miles an

hour with a load behind

it.

The

tracks

upon the

plat-

form, passing under the breaker, represented the railroad tracks around an

The whole thing being, as nearly as possible, a a coal-breaker as now constructed in Pennsylvania. The

anthracite coal-breaker.

representation of

breaker, machinery, locomotive, and cars were constructed on a scale of

two inches to the

foot,

with the exception of the crusher-rolls for breaking

the coal, which were on a slightly larger scale.

SIXTEENTH DIVISION. Assistant Marshal, Aides.

CADETS

J.

LIEUT. D. D. V. STEWART, U.S.N.

W. AMEN and W.

B.

MOSLEY.

EXHIBIT OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY. BOYERTOWN SILVER CORNET BAND.

FLOAT This exhibit was headed by a

float

No.

J.

SCHEALER, Leader.

i.

carrying the large eagle formerly on

the United States steamship Niagara, and drawn by six horses. Within the outspread wings of the eagle a platform was arranged, and upon this were thirteen

young

ladies, representing the thirteen original States

;

they were

pupils of the James L. Claghorn Public School, and were in charge of Miss

A. L. Kirby and Mrs. H. C.

Borell.

FLOAT

No.

2.

The second float, drawn by four horses, carried a reproduction in miniature of the United States steamer Hartford, famed as the vessel upon which Admiral Farragut passed the seaman and six apprentices.

forts in

Mobile Bay.

It

was

in

charge of one

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. FLOAT

The

third float,

two-pounder gun,

No.

125

3.

drawn by two horses, carried a model of an old

in

thirty-

charge of a quarter gunner.

FLOAT

No.

4.

drawn by four horses, carrying a miniature model of the United States steamer Wabash.

The

fourth float was

FLOAT

The States

No.

5.

was drawn by six horses, carrying a model of the United Antietam, said to have cost thirty-five thousand dollars to

fifth float

frigate

construct.

FLOAT

The

No.

6.

sixth float carried an eight-inch breech-loading rifled gun, capable,

with a fifty-pound charge of powder, of throwing a projectile of one hundred

pounds a distance of seven

miles.

FLOAT

The next

No.

7.

model of a ten-inch breech-loading rifled gun, capable of throwing a projectile of eight hundred pounds a distance of ten float carried the

miles.

FLOAT

Then followed a

float

No.

8.

" carrying a model of a monitor," with revolving

turret.

FLOAT

No.

9.

A

The next float carried a whale-boat, schooner-rigged. reproduction of the boat in which Chief-Engineer Melville retired down the Lena Delta after the loss of the Jeannette in the polar expedition.

FLOAT Following Charleston,

this

came a

now being

float

built in

No.

10.

carrying a model of the armored ship

San Francisco, and which

plied with engines having seventy-five-hundred horse-power, to propel the vessel at the rate of nineteen miles per hour.

was

laid

at the

is

to be sup-

and expected This model

out and constructed by Lieutenant Nixon, U.S.N., in

Cramps' ship-yard.

five days,

CIVIC

126

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

EXHIBIT OF THE UNITED STATES LIFE-SAVING SERVICE. charge of Lieutenant C. H. McLellan, Assistant Inspector Fourth United States Life-saving District, Toms River, N. J., This exhibit was

whose report

is

in

in the following

"The appliances shown made since the year 1848

words:

in

the parade illustrated the improvements

in

the methods of saving

life

from wrecks

which time Congress, moved by the loss of hundreds of lives and millions of property yearly on our coasts, appropriated ten thousand ashore, at

dollars for the purchase of eight boats, mortars, etc.,

on the

At

New

that time

which were placed

Hook and Little Egg Harbor. employing men to man the boats,

Jersey coast, between Sandy

no means were provided

for

they being placed there in boat-houses, to be used

by volunteer crews

from the inhabitants of the beach in case of wreck. "

The mortar was

of short range, and with

The

its

appliances heavy,

boats also were heavy and of

bersome, and

difficult to

poor model.

Specimens of the above were shown.

"

transport.

In comparison with the old were

the present day.

cum-

shown the improved appliances of

This included a surf-boat and transporting carriage, the

Lyle gun, of greatly-increased range, mounted on an apparatus-carriage easily transported, carrying

everything necessary to land people from a

Also two representative uniformed crews of seven men each from The life-saving service of 1887 embraces two hundred and

wreck.

the coast.

twenty-five completely-equipped stations on the Atlantic, Pacific,

and Great

manned by

Lake

coasts, well-paid, disciplined crews entitled to pensions, supported by annual appropriations of nearly one million dollars. " The United States is the only government that supports a service of this kind,

a service that accomplishes results

similar service in the world. " This service has grown to

its

in 1871. "

The

and accomplished the best

table given

any other

present proportion and efficiency within

thirty-nine years, the present system, under

rapid increase

far superior to

which

results,

it

has

made

i,

most

having been introduced

below contains a summary of

results in the field of

life-saving operations since the introduction of the present system,

ber

its

Novem-

1871, to the close of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1886.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

127

be regretted that, previous to the year 1871, no record was kept of the number of wrecks or loss of life. It is to

Total

number of

disasters

.

.

.

.

.

3>3%5

.

.

Total value of vessels "

cargoes "

"

"

"

"

"

Total

$39.733.495

"

property involved "

saved

"

"

.

number of persons involved saved lost*

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

.

.

".

.

.

$41,449,257

.

.

.

$16,927,992

.... .... .... .... .... .

.

lost

...

succored

days succor afforded

.

$18,643,754 $58,377,249

28,803

28,317

486 57,636 I

.

53 I 3

EXHIBIT OF THE WILLIAM CRAMP SHIP-BUILDING COMPANY. This company exhibited a twenty-feet-long model of the original steamboat invented by John Fitch, which he placed upon the Delaware River in 1787.

vertically

The mode of propulsion adopted by Fitch was

that of oars placed

upon a framework arranged at the sides of the boat. According he had encountered much difficulty in converting his pro-

to his biographer,

pelling force, steam, from a vertical into the rotary or circular one,

which he

would seem, lost sight of the having, crank and cam of the common spinning-wheel, which at that day formed needed to

and lower

raise

his oars

it

;

part of the effects of almost every household.

Following the model of the John Fitch steamboat, and illustrating fully the great progress made during the constitutional century in water transportation,

came the

EXHIBIT OF THE OCEAN STEAMSHIP COMPANY OF SAVANNAH. This company made their exhibit upon two horses.

and Metropolis.

owing

when

each drawn by two

.

* One hundred and eighty-three of these were

latter,

floats,

In the case of the former,

service

was impeded by

to similar causes.

distance.

lost at the disasters of the

when

steamers

the stations were not open,

Fourteen other lives were

and

lost in the

Huron in

the

same year

CIVIC

128

AND INDUSTRIAL FLOAT

No.

PROCESSION.

i.

was shown a model of the steamer Savannah, the This vessel was built for the first steamship that ever crossed the ocean. company in 1818, was of three hundred and thirty tons measurement, the

Upon

first

float

hundred bales of cotton, and was furnished with uncovered wrought-iron side-wheels for propelling the vessel. These wheels were so carried six

arranged that they could be folded back upon the deck of the ship when the wind favored the economical use of fuel, pitch-pine being used for fuel at that time.

The

vessel

was intended

to ply

between Savannah and Liver-

pool, and on the 2Oth of May, 1819, left the former port and arrived safely After a month's stoppage at Liverpool it sailed for St. Petersat the latter.

burg, and from that port returned safely to Savannah, after a passage of

of which the vessel was under steam.

fifty-three days, nineteen

FLOAT

the

No.

2.

Bringing the illustration of the progress made down to the present day, company exhibited upon their second float a model, fifte'en feet long, of

their

new ocean steamer

City of Savannah, of two thousand nine hun-

dred tons burden, being built of the best thirteen feet long, breadth of

beam

American

iron, three

hundred and

forty feet, depth of hold twenty-six feet,

supplied with the most improved propeller, and furnished with six of Ray-

mond's patent metallic

life-boats, life-jackets for

every person on board, and

thoroughly equipped with all the modern appliances to protect against fire. Accommodations for one hundred cabin passengers, who are supplied with all

the comforts and luxuries that the traveller finds only in hotels of the

first class,

and, in addition, capacity for carrying four thousand bales of

cotton.

FLOAT. Tableau, representing

all

the nations of the earth composing the Ameri-

can people. The representatives were dressed in their national costume, and each carried a banner upon which was inscribed the name of the nation represented.

banner.

Over the whole group waved gracefully the star-spangled

This tableau was prepared by A. M.

Waas &

Son, costumers.

FLOAT.

Then

following

came a

large float, thirteen

magnificently-arranged tableau.

It

by

forty feet long, carrying

a

consisted of a Grecian temple, in which

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. were thirty-eight young

grouped picturesquely.

ladies,

The costume worn by the

SEVENTEENTH R. S.

Aides.

S.

29

representing the thirty-eight States, and ladies

with blue drapery, each lady carried a shield with the which she represented thereon in gold letters.

Assistant Marshal.

1

was a white robe

name

of the State

DIVISION.

M. VAUCLAIN.

WARNER, W. H. CRAWFORD, WM. PENN EVANS, D. H.

HANSELL.

EXHIBIT OF THE BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS.

The

firm of

Burnham, Parry, Williams & Co., consisting of George Edward H. Williams, William P. Henszey,

Burnham, Charles T. Parry,

H. Morrow, and Wm. R. Austin, proprietors of these works, employing over three thousand men, and producing six hundred and fifty of the most improved locomo-

John R. Converse, William

tive engines per

C.

Stroud, William

annum, made one of the grandest displays ever presented

by a company engaged in an industrial pursuit.

The

exhibit comprised

the whole of the Seventeenth Division, divided into four grand subdivisions,

and these again divided into minor subdivisions, each composed of a platoon of thirty-three men, representatives of the respective departments, to

which

allotted

is

which, when

the labor of producing in detail the various parts

adjusted and combined, form the ponderous, powerful, and

swift-running locomotive engine.

Following the assistant marshal commanding the division and his aides came a large banner with the legend, " Baldwin Locomotive Works, established in

1831; yearly capacity, 650;

men employed, 3000; 8780

con-

structed to September 15, 1887."

BAND. Sub-Marshal.

RICHARD MCCALLION.

JOSEPH McGirriGAN.

Aides.

Carriage, containing representatives of the firm.

First Subdivision.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

Two VOL.

carriages, containing Veterans Isaac Davis, Jas. Mendenhall, II.

1

8

Louis

CIVIC

130

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

Pechin, Joseph Smith, Charles Smith, Isaacher Murray, Charles Greener,

William Booth. Sub-Marshal.

JOHN GRADY.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

FOUNDRY EXHIBIT, Sub-Marshal.

No.

i.

No.

2.

PHILIP PASCOE

Platoon of thirty-three men.

FOUNDRY EXHIBIT, Sub-Marshal.

GEORGE MURRAY

Platoon of thirty-three men.

HAMMER-SHOP EXHIBIT. Sub-Marshal.

JOHN ORR.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

SMITH-SHOP EXHIBIT. Sub-Marshal.

ALEX. GREEVES.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

Two

water-carriers.

Second Subdivision. BAND. JAMES W. CONNERY. SYLVESTER KERWIN.

Sub-Marshal. Aide.

SEVENTEENTH STREET TANK-SHOP EXHIBIT. Sub-Marshal.

JUSTUS JOHNSON.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

FLANGE-SHOP EXHIBIT. Sub-Marshal

HENRY VELENOWETH.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

BOILER-SHOP EXHIBIT. Sub-Marshal.

WM.

D. CONNERY.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

SECOND FLOOR, HAMILTON STBEF.T Snor.

SECOND FLOOR, WILLOW STREET SHOP.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. BRASS-SHOP EXHIBIT. Sub-Marshal.

THOMAS BILLINGSFELT.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

REPAIR-SHOP EXHIBIT. Sub-Marshal.

CHARLES WOLLE.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

Two

water-carriers.

Third Subdivision.

BAND. Sub-Marshal. Aide.

H.

S.

RIEGNER.

CHARLES SHOESTER.

Baldwin Locomotive Works Fire Department, thirty-three men.

WOOD STREET SHOP Aide.

EXHIBIT.

EDWARD BARTON.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

FIRST FLOOR Aide.

S.

WILLOW STREET SHOP

EXHIBIT.

LOWE.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

SECOND FLOOR WILLOW STREET SHOP EXHIBIT. Aide.

JAMES NORRIS.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

FIRST FLOOR HAMILTON STREET SHOP EXHIBIT. Aide.

JOHN GRAFF.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

SECOND FLOOR HAMILTON STREET SHOP EXHIBIT. Aide.

JOHN SAYLOR.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

THIRD FLOOR HAMILTON STREET SHOP EXHIBIT. Aide.

RICHARD ENTWISTLE.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

Two

water-carriers.

131

CIVIC

132

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

Fourth Subdivision. BAND. Sub-Marshal. Aide.

THOMAS WILLIAMS.

CHARLES WIGGINS.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

ERECTING-SHOP EXHIBIT. Locomotive on wagon. Jos. W. GARRETT.

Aide.

Platoon of thirty-three men.

SEVENTEENTH STREET SHOP EXHIBIT. Tender on wagon. Aide. EDWARD BROOKS. Platoon of thirty-three men,

ENGINEER AND FIREMAN. Charles Phillips and assistant.

Two

water-carriers.

Each of the subdivisions exhibited such respective departments of the

parts of the locomotive as their

works produced.

A

large wagon, drawn by four horses, contained Foundry Exhibit, No. i. This consisted of rough castings as they come from the sand,

of parts of boilers, cylinder-heads, and lamp-brackets.

showed the cylinder of one of the largest consolidation locomotives made by the Baldwin Locomotive Works the

Foundry Exhibit, No.

2,

;

bore measured twenty inches in diameter, and

it

provided

for twenty-four

inches length of stroke.

The Hammer-Shop Exhibit showed

the drop-hammer and other ham-

mers.

The Smith-Shop Exhibit was a pair of the largest frames made at the works. They were constructed by Isaac Davis, one of the veterans of the establishment, who had been employed by the firm nearly fifty-three years.

The Seventeenth

Street

Tank-Shop Exhibit contained a

variety of dif-

ferent small forgings.

The Flange-Shop Exhibit showed back sponding parts of a locomotive.

sheets,

throats,

and corre-

EXHIBIT OF THE BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WOBKS.

EXHIBIT Or THE BALDWIN LiOCUMOTI V K

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. The Boiler-Shop Exhibit drawn by twelve horses. The Brass-Shop Exhibit,

133

consisted of a consolidation locomotive boiler,

that

came

next, attracted no

little

attention, as

the sun was reflected sharply from the highly-polished articles displayed on the

These consisted of steam-gauges,

float.

bells,

The Repair-Shop Exhibit was made up in

repairing heavy machinery.

built

upon a

wagon

Following the pattern

lamps, oil-cups, and pumps.

of tools and appliances used

These were exposed on sloping shelves

for the purpose.

fire

department came the exhibit of the wood-shop or was a float, drawn by six horses, carrying an

It

department.

engine-cab, patterns of driving-wheels, and other parts of a locomotive.

The

Willow Street Shop Exhibit came

floor

first

after

this.

This

was a noteworthy one, consisting of a pair of locomotive cylinders and frames erected with branch pipes attached, showing the proper engine framework necessary to a locomotive. exhibit

The second

floor

locomotive as

tlie

Willow Street Shop Exhibit showed such connecting-rods,

links,

rocker-boxes,

details of

reverse-shafts,

steam-pipes, eccentrics, valves, etc.

The

first

floor

Hamilton Street Shop Exhibit consisted of a large and

showing the positions of the eccentrics, driving-boxes, crank-pins, and a few other minor details. The second floor of the Hamilton Street Shop Exhibit showed a wagon small pair of

driving-wheels,

loaded with locomotive

details,

such as guides, crossheads, guide-yokes,

brake-work, spring-rigging, and pistons.

The

third floor of the

Hamilton Street Shop Exhibit displayed a

col-

lection of bolts.

Then, crowning

all,

came a completed locomotive, weighing

twenty-five

company build locomotives weighing seventy-five tons), placed a truck made especially to carry it, and drawn by thirty-eight horses. upon The locomotive rested upon jacks, so that its wheels were clear of the truck.

tons (the

The

fire

having been lit and stearn generated, its massive driving-wheels reit were exerting its strength and power at the head of a

volved as though train

upon the

railroad.

The

novelty of the sight presented by the locomo-

tive with its parts in motion, the careful

manner

in

which

all

the details

of this exhibit had been planned and executed, was a matter of universal admiration.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

134

EIGHTEENTH

PROCESSION.

DIVISION.

JAMES T. GREEN. FRANK HAFLETTS, FRANKLIN PIERCE, ED. DEBLIN, SILAS AN-

Assistant Marshal. Aides.

DERSON.

JOURNEYMEN BRICKLAYERS' PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION. FIRST REGIMENT BAND, WILMINGTON, DEL.

(Twenty-five pieces.)

First Section.

Thomas Wiggins, chairman John HenderRobinson, Enoch Curry, Wesley Daniels, Charles

Committee of Arrangements. son, secretary; Charles

Cunius, John

Hays, George Michael Lambert.

;

W. Hopkins, George W. Andrew

of the Association.

Officers

Senderling, and

Magill, President;

and George Lightkep, Vice-Presidents, bearing gavels

;

Thomas Kelly

W.

J.

B. Croasdale,

Recording Secretary Daniel Hollman, Financial Secretary; Robert H.Johns, Frank Curly, Edward Crowell, George Biddle, and E. S. Black, ;

Treasurer

;

Trustees

Edward

George

;

Stillfield,

mittee; P.

John white

;

Samuel Johnson, Outside Sentinel

Frank Helgrich, and James

B. Stevenson,

Relief

Jr.,

;

Com-

D. Brown, Frank Cooper, Samuel Grazier, Joseph Walters, and

Peters,

The

Earley, Inside Sentinel

Advisory Committee.

uniforms of the officers and

scarf,

men

consisted of a blue hat, blue shirt,

white gloves, and white overalls.

PIONEER CORPS,

Composed of twenty-four of the wore

silk hats,

knee,

white

shirts,

oldest

members of the

the old-time uniform.

They

carried plumb-rules.

FLOAT

It

They

dark trousers, and white aprons reaching to the

This section contained over three hundred men.

On

association.

No.

They were

followed

by

i.

was the representation of a fireplace of one hundred years ago. was five feet high and six feet wide. It was constructed of old Flemish it

brick, alternated with

display

"

black headers,"

was double-faced,

was drawn by four

to

known

show from both

as Flemish

bond work.

sides of the street.

The

The float

plumes and covered with blue and white plaid blankets, on which were the initials " J. B. P. A." The float was horses, decorated with

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. On

covered with white canvas.

135

each side the following inscription was

"

Journeymen Bricklayers' Protective Association, Philadelphia, organized May 30, 1880; incorporated June 7, 1881. Value of hall property, $45,000; amount invested, $20,000; assets, $65,000." On the rear of the

lettered

:

wagon was the

"

following

:

Labor has become

tion.

We

have solved the problem of the labor ques-

capital."

Second Section. HARTL'S MILITARY BAND. This section was under the

Two

large flags

command

(Twenty

pieces.)

of Alexander Crueman.

were carried immediately

band, one the national,

after the

the other the State colors.

PIONEER CORPS OF TWENTY MEN.

A large trowel,

This section contained upward of three hundred men. twelve

by

trade.

It

was borne by John Nevens, as an emblem of the

sixteen inches,

was

Following

silvered steel with carved this section

FLOAT

On modern

contrast to the

it

handle.

No.

2.

one on the preceding

float

was an elaborate

a fac-simile of the one in use in the parlor of the hall

fireplace,

of the association.

were

mahogany

came

It

was eight and the

feet

wide and six

feet high.

The

bricks

fireplace was covered with a segment arch and pebbled bricks. Pannels of fancy-colored stone added

laid in red mortar,

of alternate plain

to the beauty of the model. Elfrech, Nicholas

rode on the sentiment

" :

J.

float.

Honest

The mechanics who

built the exhibit,

George and B. Stevenson, Joseph Douglass, James the sides of the float was inscribed the following

Sinnott,

On

labor, properly organized, with arbitration as a basis

for the adjustment of all grievances,

is

sure to

command

the respect and

confidence of the community. Third.

Section.

FRANKLIN MILITARY BAND.

(Twenty

pieces.)

This section was commanded by William A. Stewart. Three hundred men were in line. The rear of the division was brought up by a company of one hundred apprentices, commanded by George Hop-

CIVIC

136

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

marching behind a transparency, with the

kins,

"

Registered

inscription,

apprentices of the Journeymen Bricklayers' Association."

This organization, the fourth of its kind attempted since the foundation of the city, has proven one of the few successful ones. Organized May 30, 1880, and incorporated June 7, 1881, it has in the period which has elapsed since that time built

and paid

707 North Broad Street, without thousand dollars, and have invested

for their hall,

outside assistance, at a cost of forty-five

The mem-

outside of that twenty thousand dollars in stocks and bonds. is

bership

They have

twenty-three hundred.

tion eighteen

thousand dollars for funeral

paid out since their organiza-

benefits,

and over four thousand

dollars in accident benefits.

EIGHTEENTH DIVISION-A. Assistant Marshal.

F.

JAMES M. RYAN. JOHN

Aide.

WRAY,

Jr.

CATHOLIC TOTAL ABSTINENCE ARCHDIOCESAN UNION.

JOHN M. CAMPBELL,

President.

This organization paraded with three bands, pieces, the

Drum forty

John A. Reed, twenty-two

Corps,

men

fifteen pieces.

of the

St.

The

his twenty fine-looking

Catholic Knights

and the

St.

Paul Fife and

step as regular as trained soldiers the

men Thomas

sixty

equally as well under Captain

proud of

pieces,

Charles Society led the division, with Captain

at their head.

Lynch

With a

the Alexis, twenty-one

W.

T.

of the St. Paul's Society marched

Captain B. T. Dever was

Smith.

men from

the Cathedral Society.

The

numbered

forty men, following Captain John Sullivan. Edward's Societies each had twenty-five total abstainers, with Captain D. Harrity at the head of the former, and John H. Platt commanding the latter. The seventy-five boys who followed were St. Edward's St.

Agatha's and

Their young captain was Edward Murray.

cadets.

of

St.

St.

Malachi's were

McShea was

the

commanded by John

commander of

F.

The twenty-four men

Young John

Murphy.

the thirty-five boys of the Annunciation

St. Bridget's Society turned out thirty-five men. Michael's Society there were forty men in two companies,

Society.

W.

In the

St.

A

and B, with

F.

Browning and Edward

St.

Ann's forty men were under Captain James Conlin, and

St. Cecelia's

J.

Devlin captains, respectively.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL, men were under

thirty

was

Captain Charles

Captain M. F. Bergner

Burchill.

J.

137

head of the society of St. Patrick, composed of forty-five men. of Sorrows Society, under Captain Daniel Early's command,

at the

The Mother

The

contained forty men.

men

thirty-five

of the

St.

Elizabeth

Society

were headed by Captain Michael F. Maclntyre.

NINETEENTH Assistant Marshal.

JOSEPH MALATESTA.

A. LAGOMARSINO,

Aides.

DIVISION.

WRAY.

Jus.

This Division was composed of following order:

civil

organizations,

moving

in

the

BAND.

BANNER, Bearing upon the front a

Following

it

fine

painting of the

Landing of Columbus."

came

THE ITALIAN BENEFICIAL The members

SOCIETY.

of the society on parade numbered two hundred and

carrying the American and Italian

by

"

flags.

They had also upon a

float,

six horses, a very realistic tableau, representing the landing of

fifty,

drawn

Columbus.

KNIGHTS OF SHERWOOD FOREST. This organization was represented by Keystone Conclave, No. 15, which paraded twenty-five uniformed members, preceded by a band of twenty musicians.

KENSINGTON BASE-BALL CLUB. This organization paraded one wagon, handsomely decorated with drawn by two horses, decorated with flags and bells, and carrying the bers of the club in their uniform,

light-gray suits, light caps with red band,

red stockings and belts, light shoes, and the shirt-fronts.

which

They were

flags,

mem-

name of

the club upon their

the only representatives of the national game,

for the last quarter of a century has attracted intense interest

admirers of athletic sports.

from -,,

THE PENNSYLVANIA SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS. This society made an exhibit by parading two ambulances constructed for the removal of disabled animals. The first one bore the inscription, VOL.

II.

19

CIVIC

138

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

"The old ambulance, in daily use for 13 years. moved in this vehicle, and over $300,000 saved "

use."

its

1536 disabled animals to owners of horses

by

loo years ago societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals

were unknown. as the barrier

To-day they are recognized throughout the between the brutal man and the brute."

The second was

the

world

civilized

new ambulance, with a horse in a standing position show the method of moving a disabled animal.

inside of the vehicle, so as to

This ambulance was driven by the society's driver, accompanied by two agents for for

;

upon

it

was the following

"

inscription

:

The new ambulance, built every improvement known

and presented to the society, 1887, containing the easy and safe removal of sick and injured animals.

Enters upon

its

mission in the work of humanity to-day."

The new ambulance has a sliding-bottom on rollers, which is drawn out when lying down. The sliding-platform, when a horse

so as to load a horse is

loaded thereon,

is

drawn

in

by a rope and

windlass, which

For horses that can

machinery under the driver's seat. is let down upon an easy angle.

A

be loaded

avoid delay, a competent

in eight minutes, and, to

and eight

interior or

worked by

stand, a tail-board

disabled animal, properly handled, can

accompany the ambulance. The society numbers five hundred and city

is

will

always

members, employs three

sixty

country agents, and

man

by the

sustained mainly

is

charity of the citizens of Philadelphia.

From

the following

summary some

accomplished by the society

idea

may be

in the nineteen years

Total number of cases investigated Offenders prosecuted and punished

gained of the work

of

its

existence

....

:

138,986

.

.

3,106

Cases remedied by advice and humane action

.

.

47,398

Disabled animals suspended from work

.

.

39,892

....

40,339

.

.

.

Pads adjusted to prevent the rubbing of sores Suffering animals

humanely killed Disabled animals removed in ambulance

To

.

.

.

.

.

6,866 1,385

present in detail the results accomplished since organization, in

would be a labor of the greatest magnitude. resulted in checking public exhibitions of cruelty

of kindness.

Briefly told, efforts

1

868,

have

and teaching the lesson

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

139

JOURNEYMEN CARPENTERS' AND

JOINERS' PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION OF PHILADELPHIA.

WM. W. HAGERTY.

Sub-Marshal.

This society was represented by twenty-seven members, representing the " to unite three hundred composing the society, which had for its object together the efficient and competent journeymen carpenters and joiners in the city of Philadelphia with the view of maintaining a

encourage a

spirit

tion of its

its

members

of harmony, and to use every means which its

members

members and

fair rate

of wages, to

to advance themselves in their trade, to fraternize in

in the social scale of

to help

its

bury

life.

may

tend to the eleva-

Also to procure work

for

dead."

GERMAN SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA. One in

1781,

of the oldest societies in the country, started in 1764, chartered

had nine

riders

(members of the

society)

and six barouches

the procession, the riders representing presidents, founders, and

in

members

of the society one hundred years ago, at the time of the Constitutional

Convention, and in the costumes of the 1.

GENERAL PETER MUHLENBERG,

last century.

president of the

They were German Society :

in

1788, vice-president of Pennsylvania in the same year, bearing a blue flag with the words, "17 September, 1787," the same as in the first constitu-

1788 (representing the convention of States). Hon. FREDERICK AUGUSTUS MUHLENBERG, brother of the general,

tional procession, July 4, 2.

president of the First

German

Society in

1790, Speaker of the

and Third Congresses of the United

House

in

the

States.

3. GEORGE CLYMER, signer of the Declaration of Independence and of the Constitution, member of the society, bearing a blue flag with the inscription, "6 February, 1778" (treaty of peace), as in the first constitu-

tional celebration, July 4, 4.

1788.

GENERAL VON STEUBEN,

the originator of the armies of Washington,

member of the German Society. GENERAL DANIEL HIESTER, member 5. 6.

of the

German

Society.

CHRISTOPHER LUDWIG, general baker of the armies of the

republic,

one of the founders of the German Society. 7. BARON DE STIEGEL, celebrated iron- and glass-manufacturer, one of the founders of the

German

Society.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

140 8.

Rev. JOHN CHR. KUNZE,

classic languages, 9.

PROCESSION. German

professor of

first

Pennsylvania University,

member

literature

and the

German

Society.

of the

SIMON SCHNEIDER, one of the founders.

In six decorated barouches followed the president, Mr. John File, the

Godfrey Keebler, member and president of Canstatter Volks (Test Verein), two secretaries, the treasurer, solicithe barouches bearing flags of tor, and the directors of the society, vice-president, Dr. G.

Kellner, Mr.

which the inscriptions represented the object and the work of the society These inscriptions were for aid to immigrants and for education. :

First carriage

flag,

:

red

field

"

inscription,

;

We

love our country, the

United States of America."

Second carriage flag, white glorious stars and stripes." Third carriage

blue

flag,

:

"

field

:

field

inscription,

;

"

inscription,

;

We

We

love our flag, the

cherish the Constitu-

tion of the United States."

Fourth carriage

flag

Germana

Fortitudine,

the

" :

;

inscription,

Our Motto

Proles Florebit."

(By

:

Religione, Industria, et

and valor

religion, industry,

German

posterity will flourish.) " Fifth carriage : flag, inscription,

Sixth carriage:

flag;

Our Aim

inscription,

:

To

"German

Agency, Labor Bureau, Library, Night School

TWENTIETH Assistant Marshal. Aides.

The

aid

and to educate."

Society,

17641887; Aid

for Emigrants."

DIVISION.

CHARLES MENDENHALL.

ANDERSON, H. W. LESYEA. were those whose productions represent the workers in iron and other metals, and the

CHARLES LERov,

Jus.

firms that exhibited in this division

were calculated to

tributary industries.

EXHIBIT OF THE AMERICAN

B.

H. O.

& SEWING-MACHINE COMPANY.

This company exhibited the progress made

production of the sewing-machine since the date of its invention, dating back some half a century, and resulting in the reduction of the cost not only in the article of in the

clothing and other articles of textile fabrics essential to our comfort, but also others equally essential, but material,

as paper,

composed of more dense and

felt, leather, etc.

less pliable

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. Number

of employes in

line,

312;

floats,

4

;

141

horses,

1

2

musicians in

;

band, 23.

FLOAT

The

first float

No.

i.

contained four ladies dressed in costumes of one hundred

years ago, showing the only method of sewing at that time,

needle by hand

;

latest

room was decorated with were

that

is,

On

old furniture.

with the

the same

sewing with our improved sewing-machines, including family, button-hole, hand, and

by a

separated

float,

the

partition,

five

ladies

young

toy machines.

The

invention of the

sewing-machine dating back

century, there were, of course, no sewing-machines

less

made

than

in 1787,

half a

and the

growth of this industry has been within the last fifty years. Much opposition was met with in introducing the first sewing-machines, and for entire

some years after they were invented very few could be sold but their usefulness was soon recognized, and since that time the growth of the industry ;

has been continuous and rapid up to the present date.

FLOAT

The second made

ever sions

:

;

contained what

float

this

machine was

entire length, eight feet

is

No.

probably the largest sewing-machine

in operation, ;

made

smallest machine

expressly for

little

made

in their

steel to

No.

needle, eighteen

girls.

No.

3.

was arranged to show the various parts of a sewingdifferent stages of completion, from the pig, cast iron, and

a finished machine.

This

float also

contained

kinds of sewing-machines manufactured by the company: 3,

;

connection with the above was

third float

machine bar

;

in

do perfect sewing, the toy machine

to

FLOAT

The

and was of the following dimen-

height, six feet four inches

inches long, five-eighth inch in diameter

shown the

2.

7,

and No. 8

all

the various

The No.

I,

No.

also the blanket overseaming machine, the hosiery

;

machine, button-hole machine, machine for manufacturing purposes, and toy

machine

for little girls

;

in design,

two of the oldest sewing-machines in existence, interesting as showing the immense improvement

also

which were particularly

mechanical movement, and workmanship

in

the last century.

This exhibit was doubly interesting to Americans, for the reason that every

CIVIC

142

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

particle of the material entering into the construction of the

machines was

of American manufacture.

FLOAT

4.

fourth float contained machines crated and

The

thirteen of

to

No.

them

for the thirteen original States,

marked

for

shipment

;

and the balance consigned

some of our various agencies through nearly every portion of the

civil-

ized world.

THE LEIBRANDT AND McDOWELL STOVE COMPANY. This company of stove-founders made their exhibit upon one float, drawn by two horses, and upon which were shown samples of cooking and

one made

parlor stoves,

1786, the others

in

arranged as to show the progress

made

in

in this line

1887.

They were so

during the intervening

period.

EXHIBIT OF THE LIBERTY STOVE WORKS. DISPLAY OF STOVES BY CHARLES NOBLE

The

firm

horses.

On

had

in line

&

Co.,

LIBERTY STOVE WORKS.

a large float decorated with flags and drawn by four

the float was exhibited an old-fashioned ten-plate stove, said to

have been cast at a furnace in constant use in the

Lancaster County in 1784, and to have been

in

same county

for nearly eighty years.

By the

side of

was an old German magazine stove made in 1790. In contrast with these the firm exhibited a number of stoves of recent manufacture, showing this

the latest improvements

made

in this line of industry.

EXHIBIT OF THE PHILADELPHIA EXHAUST VENTILATOR COMPANY. This company made their exhibit upon one

drawn by four

They

float,

eighteen by seven

feet,

fan in operation,

and

horses.

exhibited an eight-feet

smaller fans not in operation.

Blackman exhaust

The

fan

was operated by a ten horse-power

engine and boiler.

They also exhibited the latest improvements in steamsuch as direct and indirect radiators. They displayed heating apparatus, " only one card, reading, The Blackman wheel moves 200,000 cubic feet of air

per minute," and in contrast to this they had a small boy engaged in

This was about the greatest conbetween this and one hundred years ago, as at that

operating an old-fashioned hand-bellows. trast

they could

offer

time power fans were used

little

or not at

all.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

143

EXHIBIT OF THE PHILADELPHIA SCALE AND TESTING WORKS.

The

exhibit of Riehle Brothers, proprietors of these works, consisted of

three floats, each drawn

by two handsome

FLOAT

The

first float

had on

it

No.

horses.

i.

specimens of the

"

Riehle Testing Machines,"

which they manufacture, from five hundred pounds up to ten thousand. Their larger machines, which they make up to five hundred thousand pounds, are too massive to be conveyed in procession.

The mottoes on the first truck were, " They used to guess of materials they now test the strength of materials."

the strength

;

FLOAT

On

the second float was

No.

2.

shown an old-fashioned weighing-beam, on

which was being weighed an old lady who weighed one hundred and twenty pounds, and it took one hundred and twenty pounds of weights to balance her.

was shown, handsome in appearance and modern in He weighed design, on which was an old gentleman weighing himself. one hundred and sixty pounds, and to his utter astonishment found that it

Another

scale

required a very few ounces to be

The mottoes on mother's day." this

way

styles

this float were,

and

"

They weighed

On

this

this

way

in

our grand-

"

They weigh were also beautiful speciand warehouse scales, of various

same

Richie's rolling-mill, railroad,

float

capacities.

FLOAT

On

inches on a weighing-beam.

This referred to the old-fashioned beam.

at the present day."

mens of

moved a few

No.

3.

the third float was a handsome display of the Riehle United States

government standard weigh-masters' beams and frames, of all kinds and descriptions also a large variety of superior hand-made trucks. ;

The

weigh-masters' frames and trucks were similar to those furnished by

the United States government to

all

the custom-houses in the country, for

which the firm of Riehle Brothers had the

contract.

HEATERS AND RANGES. George W. Hartman made the advantages of the

new

an exhibit of heaters and ranges, showing styles over those introduced years ago.

CIVIC

144

AND INDUSTRIAL EXHIBIT OF

E.

and accompanied by

drivers

five

KOCH.

drawn by four horses having was shown a portable oven, the men,

In this exhibit, which was upon one

two

H.

PROCESSION.

superiority of which was demonstrated

float,

by using

it

in the procession

for

baking cakes while on the march.

Another of

which,

feature

of this exhibit was the Otto gas-engine, by the use

when attached

to the

the old hand process

which by duced in its one of the

Mills

machine

to

make

making labor,

ice-cream,

is

now

pro-

Mr. Koch states that he was

finest quality in thirty minutes.

first

for

required two hours

use of the Otto gas-engine for this purpose.

LINK BELTING.

The as

firm of Burr

& Dodge made

an exhibit of their " link belting,"

or,

"

more commonly denominated, detachable chain." The links are all interchangeable, or put together without use of

rivets

bolts or

of any style, and running on tooth- or sprocket-wheels.

positive motion, and

is

much cheaper than

It

has

gears, leather, cotton, or rubber

made, which are placed certain distances apart according to the amount of material to be handled, to which may be attached elevator buckets or flights, which are used in

belting for transmitting power.

handling wet, coarse, It

was patented

three million

gritty, in

Special

and

all

links are

other kinds of material.

1874, and has reached an annual

sale

of

some

feet.

SCRAP IRON.

Henry A. Hitner

&

Sons made a novel exhibit

in the procession,

upon a

drawn by four horses and attended by fifteen men, showing the improved, or rather new, method of treating scrap iron and old hoop iron, float

which

was deemed of no

until lately

value.

exhibited on this float the Phoenix horseshoes and the champlain

They

made by machinery, which were only twenty-five years ago made by hand, present way of making them being far superior. They had also three men on the float showing how the old hoop and other horseshoe-nails,

light iron

all

bulky lump, and was some few years ago connow compressed, in a press invented by the firm, into

which occurs

sidered worthless,

is

in a

a faggot, averaging about one hundred and

fifty

pounds, and measuring

twenty-six inches long, seven inches wide, eight inches high, and in this

form

is

placed in a furnace, and comes out in a bar of the best

new

iron.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. They had

makes, a good

different fifteen

around

also fixed

this float all

145

kinds of horseshoers' tools of

of which have not been in use for the last

many

or twenty years.

EXHIBIT OF THE PHILADELPHIA WIRE WORKS.

The

Thomas Hamilton was made upon one

display of Mr.

by four

horses,

and accompanied by twenty-five men.

float,

drawn

Wire of various

thicknesses was shown.

The wire

displayed was from one-half inch thick,

all

sizes to .0075 of

an inch, or No. 40 wire gauze, of which two thousand spools were

dis-

tributed along the route.

Wire manufacture was known drawn by hand.

It

as early as

1351, but up to 1565

it

was

was largely established as a business during the sevenupon it on

teenth century in Barnsby, Yorkshire, but until a duty was put

February

25, 1813,

was

in its infancy, the

the American product day.

The

could not be manufactured largely or with profit in

it

From one

this country.

mill in

1831,

when American

wire manufacture

product per day was but three hundred pounds now is estimated at not less than one hundred tons per ;

uses of iron wire have, within a few years past, greatly increased,

and American manufacturers are acknowledged to have attained the highest In 1809, wire then duty free, twentyperfection in this branch of industry. five It

tons were imported for hand-cards, worth then forty thousand dollars.

had been made

here, but

abandoned on account of the

free

admission

of foreign wire.

The The

present value per ton

is

about

fifty-five dollars.

telegraph has created a great demand, and with the demand the

manufacture has been

much improved,

especially in this country.

There are now between twenty-five and thirty wire mills in operation in the United States. The Hamilton mill was the first established, and is the only wire manufactory at present in Philadelphia.

but

this business,

done elsewhere,"

failed. is

"

What

cannot be done

in

Others have started

in

Philadelphia cannot be

the motto of this house.

EXHIBIT OF THE ENERGY MANUFACTURING COMPANY. This company made an exhibit upon one float, eight by sixteen feet, drawn by four horses, upon which were eight men illustrating the advantages derived VOL.

II.

by the use of the machinery manufactured by

20

this

company,

CIVIC

146

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

which consisted of a portable rope hoisting-machine, by which one man can Before this raise a load of two thousand pounds seven feet per minute. machine was invented there was no way of using rope in portable hoistingmachines. This machine will hold a load at any point. When raised, it cannot lower only at the will of the operator. The load can be lowered at any desired speed. It was designed to take the place of tackle-blocks in The working of the machine was raising heavy weights in stores, etc.

shown by a small boy,

and lowering a load six times heavier than

raising

the one that was attached to a tackle-block, exhibited in contrast, that a

man was vainly endeavoring to raise. This machine was patented by Mr. McCabe in 1880, but was not introduced until this year. There are a large number now in use, and the company is selling all it can make. The date of the invention of the tackle-block, although very old,

The Energy Company lathe.

Attached to the

is

not known.

had a steam-engine on the float running a was one of their centre grinders. This tool

also

latter

used to true-up centres when sprung or cut by the work. Before this machine was introduced lathe-centres were trued by taking them out of the lathe and having them softened. This takes from fifteen to twenty minutes. is

Then they were replaced and turned up by the workman after turning he had to file them so that the rough tool-marks were taken out after this they ;

;

were removed from the lathe and hardened, which in all would take fifteen or twenty minutes more. With this company's machine it will take, it is claimed, a

man about two minutes

centre true, which

from three to is

is

five

to attach

done without removing

it it

and give the lathe, and will take

to his lathe

from the

minutes to true the centre perfectly, which,

impossible to do by turning and

filing

it is

claimed,

it.

EXHIBIT OF PLANISHED WARE. Mr. Joseph Cloud made an exhibit upon one float, drawn by two horses, and accompanied by six men. It contained specimens of planished ware. The sheet metal from which the ware is manufactured is known as O'Neil patent planished electro-coppered sheet

one

side,

making

The copper,

coppered both

it

steel,

tinned or nickeled on

sides, tinned or nickeled on one (the inside) before

into ware.

everlasting

more

ductile

base that composes the base is tougher than and cheaper and quite as handsome and attractive as

steel

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

form verdigris or any poisonous that are incurred by the use of pure copper-ware when neglected to be

costly metal like copper, salts

and not

147

liable to

retinned.

There

a consumption of about

is

kinds of culinary vessels.

This

is

a

fifty

thousand pounds per day

new

in all

product.

AMERICAN DISTRICT TELEGRAPH COMPANY.

TflE

BAND.

FLOAT. This company's exhibit contained a float drawn by six horses, upon which was a representation of a fully-equipped district telegraph office a ;

general telegraph

office,

with two operators

;

a fire-proof

safe,

protected

by

our burglar-alarm system, with a door and window to illustrate the same a man personating a burglar, with tools, etc., arrested by an officer of "the ;

company.

They had carriages

;

fifty-six

messengers

in uniform,

also fire-extinguishers carried

by

with

six special officers

the costume of olden times, with leather buckets, circular department, with their

pouches

five fire-extinguishers

etc.

;

;

also four

four

men

men

on in

of the

for circulars, etc.

EXHIBIT OF THE MORSE UNDERGROUND CONDUIT COMPANY. This exhibit was made upon one float drawn by two large Percheron horses, and consisted of the Morse underground conduit for electric light, telegraph,

and telephone wires, patented by A. H. Mershon, of Philadelphia. consisted of large cast-iron pipes, with numerous glass tubes

The conduit

thoroughly cemented within the iron pipes, with the electric light, telegraph, and telephone wires in place ready for working the different instruments.

These were connected with a large model on the upper platform, representing the block of buildings on Chestnut Street from Broad to Juniper, opposite to

the United States Mint, connecting each building with the electric

light, telephone,

and telegraph, precisely the same as

laid

under the

streets,

showing the advancement of carrying the electric wires underground from This system was A. H. of Mershon, patented September 20, 1881, by Philadelphia, and is now being introduced and submitted for approval to all citizens in the United the old system of overhead wires on poles or house-tops.

States.

CIVIC

148

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHT. EXHIBIT OF A.

This firm made an exhibit on one

by two men and two boys, to log cabin was placed upon the

nied

A

itive candle,

the

"

light of the

WEIDENER.

J.

float,

drawn by two horses, accompa-

illustrate

the progress of

the interior

float,

by-gone years."

lit

artificial light.

up with the prim-

In front of the cabin was

a pyramid, upon which was exhibited the modern lights in the order in which they were introduced the oil-lamps, the burning-fluid, and the kero:

sene lamp, that with the brated

"

common

burner of ten candle-power, and the

cele-

Champion," giving the light of sixty candles.

COPPER CONDUCTORS FOR LIGHTNING, ETC. EXHIBIT OF It

GOODWIN.

F. O.

consisted of an exhibition of old iron lightning-rods, and metal and

wooden weather-vanes, of the character

in use

one hundred years ago.

vanes were a sheet-iron weather-cock and a wooden arrow.

Among

The the

lightning-rods was one put up under the direction of Benjamin Franklin, in 1765-

Also a man dressed to represent Franklin, flying a large kite attached to a pole high in the air, illustrating the experiment which proved that lightning and electricity were identical, and at the same time showed that protection from lightning could be obtained. In contrast to this

first

part of the exhibit were

shown the developments

and vanes during the last century, consisting of the latest and best copper cable-rods, and the improved methods of attachment to A large gilded banneret of beautiful design, and a galvanized buildings. in lightning-rods

iron

"

and crescent" vane showed the weather-vanes of the present. the direction of the wind is registered inside a building was also

star

How

shown by a hand compass, placed

in

rotating over a dial

marked with

all

any part of a building, while the vane

the points of the is

fastened on the

roof.

CHEMICAL STONE WARE. EXHIBIT OF R.

This exhibit was made upon two accompanied by twenty men.

C.

REMMEY.

floats,

drawn by four horses each, and

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. FLOAT

On

the

No.

i.

there was a display of chemical ware used

first float

149

by chemists,

consisting of a large jar of one hundred and twenty gallons capacity,

and worm connected together, large

spigot, receivers, jars, etc.

FLOAT

On

the second float were

No.

2.

workmen turning

stoneware, one

man

repre-

senting the old style, without the treadle, the others the regular style in

use in

all

large potteries.

A

still

century ago

across a stoneware jar holding twelve gallons.

now

was a rare thing to come Mr. Remmey now produces

it

one hundred and seventy-five gallons, and also to stand the of heat and acids.

jars to hold test

FIRE-BRICK, TILE,

AND FURNACE BLOCKS, CLAY RETORTS, AND RETORT SETTINGS. EXHIBIT OF BORGNER

This firm made an exhibit upon six

FLOAT

On labor,

the

first

float

O'BRIEN.

floats.

No.

i.

was shown the process of making

fire-brick

by hand-

the old way.

FLOAT

On

&

the second float was

No.

2.

shown the new way,

their manufacture

by

steam machinery.

FLOAT

On

the third float was

the fourth float was

way,

the

fifth float

4.

No.

in the

5.

was shown the process of burning the brick

by the improved down-draught

FLOAT

Upon

repressing fire-brick."

kiln.

FLOAT

On

No.

"

shown the process of burning the brick

by an up-draught

old way,

3.

shown the process of

FLOAT

On

No.

kiln.

No.

6.

the sixth float was an exhibit of clay gas-retorts.

in the

new

CIVIC

150

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

IRON SAFES. &

EXHIBIT OF FARREL

Co.

This firm are manufacturers of the Herring's champion

Mounted

FLOAT

The pioneers

"

the

of a century.

No.

i.

was an ancient wooden axle-wagon, known among This specimen dated back three-quarters

float

first

as

safe.

escort of employes of the firm.

dead ax."

was drawn by an antiquated horse, and was driven

It

by a patriarchal negro, whose birth dates back nearly to the adoption of the Constitution. in

America,

this

Upon

wagon was

an object of interest to

workmanship of the safes

all

This was followed by a six fine

float

No.

by The two shown were used by Stephen

made

the exhibitors.

2.

handsomely trimmed

bay horses, displaying the

first safe

those familiar with the master-

now produced by FLOAT

displayed the

first

in red,

and drawn

bank-safes used in America.

and are owned by the Girard " They are about a century old, and bore the legend, Ye

National Bank.

Girard,

old time safes."

This safe,

float also

and the

contained a sixteenth-century banker's

well calculated to

FLOAT

The of

fire-

No.

an asbestos

&

Herring,

3.

third float, with decorations in white, displayed the various styles

and burglar-proof

safes.

FLOAT In pleasing contrast with this

No.

4.

was an imposing

showing the perfection of skill in this specialty.

made upon t>f

safe,

and burglar-proof safes made by Farrel provoke a smile from our modern financiers.

first fire-

the fourth

float,

and

This

caparisoned in solid blue.

solid colors in the three large floats

red, white,

line of

modern

safes,

latter display

was

The combinations

formed our national emblem,

the

blue.

THE MARVIN SAFE COMPANY. The first

safe

display of the Marvin Safe

made

in

Company

consisted of a model of the

America, manufactured by James Conner

in

1830, a fac-

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. simile of a safe first

used by Stephen Girard

State treasurer of

New York;

;

box on top used by the made by Marvin in 1840.

the iron

and a

safe

These were carried on a truck drawn by two horses. They had three additional trucks, one drawn by sixteen and the other two by four horses each, loaded with a fire- and burglar-proof safe of

present

design.

TWENTY-FIRST DIVISION. Assistant Marshal.

G. G. EVANS.

ROBERT TAGG,

Aide.

Jr.

PHOTOGRAPHY AND ORNAMENTAL HOUSEHOLD EMBELLISHMENTS. EXHIBIT OF

GUTEKUNST.

F.

At

the head of this division was a magnificent chariot, upon which Mr. F. Gutekunst exhibited some of the finest specimens of the photographic art.

Photography not having been discovered or brought 1840, there

prior to

is

less

progress has been so phenomenal and rapid that represent the subject allegorically.

by placing traiture)

in direct contrast with

The advance

it

its

was thought best to was illustrated

in the art

a silhouette in black (a crude form of por-

a profile of the same face in light and shade as produced by pho-

tography

The

into practical use

than half a century for comparison; yet

illustrated.

exhibit consisted,

first,

of a large and elaborate golden chariot,

drawn by four richly-caparisoned horses, attended by grooms in livery. On the sides of the chariot were displayed several large photographs from life, the central picture being of a lady, full length and of full life-size, several life-size heads,

and the

profile

and silhouette as

stated.

Surmount-

ing the same, and twelve feet from the ground, appeared an allegorical group of full life-size figures, representing the position photography is assuming in the fine

arts.

Behind a

brilliant sunburst,

and above the clouds, were seated

Greek costumes, representing, respectively, Painting and Sculpture, with the implements and accessories of their arts. Standing between, and a step above, rose the figure of a young girl, representing Photography, resting on a camera and holding aloft a wreath of

two females

laurel, the

in

rich

classical

whole structure being nearly twenty

Following

this

came another

float,

feet high.

exhibiting a panoramic view of the

CIVIC

152

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

centennial buildings of 1876, being the largest photograph in the world; also specimens of phototypes, or mechanical (the latest achievement in

photographs in printers' ink photography), and the press on which such pic-

tures are printed.

W. CURTIS

TAYLOR &

CO.

Following came another exquisite display of specimens of the photoart, by the firm of W. Curtis Taylor & Company. For reasons given in the previous exhibit, the firm could not make the But by far-reaching comparisons contemplated by the chief marshal.

graphic

making

portraiture the theme, the firm

was enabled

to

contrast in their

methods of a century ago with those of the present day. Silhouette cutting, with or without mechanical appliance, and drawing

exhibit the

and painting appear to have been the only resources of portraiture a hundred years ago. Accordingly, the former was represented by tracing from the

shadow of a

silhouette Washington's profile.

The

original

was made

by Samuel Powel, mayor, as an evening amusement. Drawing and painting were represented by a moving tableau of an appropriately-costumed artist at work on a veritable old portrait, with his subject before him.

At

the rear end of the float the operation of photography was indicated,

making negatives and printing with them. The contrast sought to be shown between the old and the new may be

both

in

thus expressed

:

Portraiture

1787, exclusive, slow, uncertain. v

1887, popular, rapid, sure.

The horses.

measured eight by twenty Eight persons were engaged on it.

firm's float

feet,

and was drawn by two

LOOKING-GLASSES AND PICTURE-FRAMES. George C. Newman exhibited mirrors, paintings, and high art upon one float drawn by four horses, representing a modern parlor, the walls of which were draped

in richly-colored plush.

fine collection

a-brac.

Tastefully arranged on

them was a

of valuable paintings, engravings, etchings, mirrors, and bric-

This branch of industry shows marked advances within the past

number of persons engaged as in the designs and The first establishment in Philadelphia, in 1731, was

century, as well in the

execution of work.

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. that of

Edw. Bradley, Front

Street near the post-office,

the Pennsylvania Gazette as selling silvered glass. dealers had increased

hands

;

to fifty-one,

153

who

advertised in

In 1860 the

number of

employing four hundred and thirty-nine

while at the present time there are sixty-three places, employing

seven hundred and fifty-two hands, with an annual production valued at $1,518,590.

STAINED-GLASS SUBSTITUTE.

Young, sole agent for this article, made an exhibit upon one float drawn by two horses, and having three men in attendance. The exhibit was six by twelve feet base and nine feet high, and was Mr.

W.

C.

composed of

"

cally arranged

"

Queen Ann," and ornamental windows, artistian appropriate frame-work; all of the windows were

Gothic," in

decorated in numerous designs accurately representing modern stained glass

among them was one showing an

exact representation of the State

;

House

Independence Square as it was in 1787. This stained-glass substitute is purely American, having been patented May 29, 1877, and December 3, 1878, since which time it has been largely

in

used throughout the world.

It is

made

a variety of patterns printed in

in

oil colors upon very thin yet very strong translucent linen After all These are firmly cemented to the glass to be ornamented. paper. is in place and thoroughly dry a coat of the very best carriage varnish is

the very best

which adds permanency to the work and brilliancy to the colors. The process is so simple that it can be managed by any one of intelligence.

applied,

A LARGE CRAYON IN

OIL.

Mr. Thomas D. Brown exhibited a large-sized crayon

in oil,

a picture of

Mrs. Cleveland. "

This exhibit was the largest crayon in oil in the world. It was a freehand work of art, not a solar print, and was executed on a canvas nine feet

high by six

feet wide, in

known as the and the name at

a style

light

and shadow

picture.

the bottom was in silver had a bevelled edge of silver, It was taken by all for a monstrous cabinet photo, or a crayon on script. It

paper.

It

was mounted on an

easel seventeen feet high

which was placed

on a platform eight feet above the ground and required a distance of at two hundred feet to get a proper view, which softened the picture and ;

least

gave

it

a very rich appearance."

VOL.

II.

21

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

154

PROCESSION.

PAPER-HANGING. EXHIBIT OF

MAHLON

F.

This exhibit was made upon one large

FOWLER.

float,

twelve by sixteen feet long,

drawn by four horses, and having upon it a large pyramid of wall-papers. Thirteen men working in parties were engaged in preparing it for hanging. There was

also

shown a machine of the

latest

and most improved kind

for

trimming the paper.

LOOKING-GLASS FRAMES. EXHIBIT OF ALBERT C. LOWE.

The were at

two

was made upon one float, drawn by two horses. Five men work on a fine pattern mirror-frame. There were also displayed

exhibit

mantel mirror-frames, one walnut-framed mirror, an oak mantel-

fine

and

piece

bric-a-brac,

and elegant picture-frames,

all finely

decorated.

FINE FURNITURE UPHOLSTERING. William Koelle, manufacturer of nineteen

ten

by and blue decoration. large float,

feet,

fine furniture,

men were

Eight

made a

display

upon a

with a canopy-top trimmed with red, white, at

work upholstering odd

pieces of

such as conversation-chairs, fancy mahogany divans, receptionchairs, etc., one man placing in the springs, one the hair, others the cover-

furniture,

ing, etc.

WOODEN MANTELS. C.

M.

upon a

Eveleth,

men, made a

five

fine

float

twelve

by

fifteen feet,

exhibit of artistically-carved

looking-glass frames, screens,

etc.,

and accompanied by wooden mantels and

with workshop and carver at work.

PIANOS, ORGANS,

AND

MUSIC.

EXHIBIT OF F. A. NORTH.

This firm made a very

fine exhibit

upon a number of

floats,

not only in

the display of pianos and organs, but also in the matter of sheet music.

The

exhibit

was

as follows

:

FLOAT

The

first float

feet high,

i.

long by seven feet wide, and twenty the first, a quaint old instrument, made by

was twenty-two

bearing four pianos,

No.

feet

Charles Taws, in Philadelphia, in the year 1794.

a painting,

five

by seven

feet,

of the old house in

Above

was suspended which the first American this

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. Next was exhibited a piano made by

piano was made.

of Baltimore, in 1837; another

made story

1887, above which

in

Knabe

made

was a

in

1856; and,

painting, seven

155

Wm. Knabe &

finally,

by

ten

factory of to-day, where over six hundred

Co.,

a concert grand feet,

men

of the six-

are employed

;

thus illustrating the vast contrast not only in the style and grandeur of the

This

instruments, but also the growth of the industry. four horses, wearing flank blankets bearing the

charge of six men, one of

in

whom was

float

name of

a musician,

was drawn by

the firm, and was

who showed

at in-

tervals the tone-producing quality of the various instruments.

FLOAT

The second

It

was

No.

2.

and a half feet and eighteen feet high. by contained four styles of organs manufactured by the Wilcox & White float

six

fifteen

Over these was suspended a banner, stating, " Reed organs are of recent invention. The melodeon appeared in 1840, and the organ in 1861. Improvements have been rapid, and the manufacture of

Organ Company.

organs

to-day a leading industry in America."

is

The

float

was drawn by four horses and manned by four men.

FLOAT

The the

3.

exhibit on the third float illustrated the extensiveness of sheet-

music publication of the present. "

No.

Fifty thousand four

hundred copies of

Constitutional Centennial March," especially written for the occasion

by Mr. Fred. T. Baker, a popular Philadelphia composer, were distributed

among

An on the

the visitors. inscription

on the

interior

" page stated that the March" was printed the rate of fifteen thousand per day, while

improved presses, at but two hundred a day on a hand-press would have been considered a rapid production one hundred years ago. The sheet-music float was drawn by latest

two horses and was

in

charge of three men.

priately decorated with bunting and

ten

;

number of men,

thirteen.

flags.

All three floats were appro-

Number

of horses (three

Music was supplied by the men

in

floats),

charge

of the instruments.

THE ESTEY ORGAN COMPANY. This company made their exhibit upon one float drawn by four horses. Upon the float were shown an elegant cottage, containing an old piano,

made by

Charles

Albrecht,

Philadelphia,

ninety-eight years

ago,

now

CIVIC

156

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

owned by The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, in contrast with a modern Estey piano. Also a little melodeon, contributed by the Estey Organ Company, and made nearly fifty years ago, designed to rest on the lap and be

blown with the elbow, showing the commencement of the organ The exhibit was by in contrast with an Estey organ of 1887.

business, and Estey, Bruce

&

Co.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. EXHIBIT OF WILLIAM JOHN CHRISTY.

This exhibit was shown upon one float, drawn by two horses, and composed of a band of twelve instruments there was also shown a new lyre, ;

furnished with double steels or vibrators,

The

creasing the power and volume.

My

lyre

was

object

and a cornet, effect.

good

new

invention,

the

hammer

these being double-headed, thus striking two tones at once, in-

striking "

a

I

show

exhibitor states

:

band composed of accordions, with this would make a new band, easy to be taught, and have a to

that a

exhibited also the largest bass-viol in the world." H. A.

WEYMANN

& SON.

This firm made their exhibit upon one float, upon which was placed a a banjo, large glass case containing musical instruments of different kinds, flageolet made in 1787, which, when compared with those showed the great advancement made in the manufacture of In front of the float there was arranged a large harp in these instruments.

a

violin,

made

and a

in 1887,

immortelles.

AUTOMATIC MUSIC LEAF-TURNING APPARATUS FOR PIANOS, ORCHESTRAS, ETC.

Mr. Charles A. Glass, inventor and patentee, exhibited his newly-introfor turning music leaves. In his report he states that,

duced attachment "

by a

slight pressure of the foot

it

turns over one leaf or as

many

leaves as

desired in succession, without any preparation and with infallible success, to

the right or

left side."

BORAX

SOAP.

EXHIBIT OF WILLIAM DREYDOPPEL.

This exhibitor paraded one float, drawn by four horses, upon which were loaded two hundred boxes of his improved soap in front was a ;

man

with a basket of soap,

"

in this

way showing by

of delivering soap in 1787 and in 1887."

contrast the

modes

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

TWENTY-SECOND GEO.

DIVISION.

LEWIS L. MANN.

Assistant Marshal. Aide.

157

W. HARLAN. WAGONS AND CARRIAGES.

D. M. Lane's Sons made an exhibit at the head of this division, consisting of

two coaches

ment made

in

in this line

marked

contrast,

and showing the great advance-

during the constitutional century.

was shown the Washington carriage, long in use by the " Father country." This was drawn by four handsome white horses, accom-

First

of his

panied by a coachman and two footmen in continental livery. is

This coach

owned by Captain Benjamin Richardson, of New York, by whose

courtesy

it

appeared

in the parade, the captain

himself being seated upon

box beside the coachman waving the American

the

flag.

Second, following the Washington coach, the firm exhibited upon a float

a

"

four-in-hand break," built to carry ten passengers.

drawn by four

The

The

float

was

horses.

known, the "break" is America one hundred years ago.

firm, in their report, state that, so far as

a modern carriage, and was not

made

in

THE GREGG & BOWE CARRIAGE COMPANY. The

exhibit of this firm consisted of one fine English break, trimmed

A

with blue cloth, painted dark green, and striped cardamom yellow. pair of dapple-gray display horses, with a fine set of silver-mounted harness were attached to

it.

A

colored coachman in

full

on the box, and six young men rode in the break. mounted upon a large float drawn by two horses.

livery

WILLIAM This firm,

known

as the

"

J.

THOMSON &

Clifton

was mounted

The

exhibit

was

CO.

Buggy Works,"

exhibited in the pro-

cession, First.

An

old-style

Germantown wagon,

built in 1815, the axle of

wood,

the hubs twelve inches in diameter, and weight about eight hundred pounds.

The

were all made by hand. Thomson park buggy, which could be arranged

bolts, springs, etc.,

Second. New-style

as

CIVIC

158

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

a phaeton, an open buggy, an open-top surry, or a depot wagon; carry four passengers weight, three hundred pounds.

will

;

Third. Float,

showing park buggy

in its several

changes and combi-

nations.

LIFE-BOAT EXHIBIT OF CAPTAIN OTTINGER. Captain Douglas hibited

upon a

as follows

"The

float

Ottinger, of the United States revenue marine, ex-

a model of a life-saving car, described in his report

:

'the Ottinger life-boat/ was drawn by two men. On the float-wagon, above the top of two horses, managed by the car, were upright surfaces six and a half by thirteen and a half feet, life-car displayed, styled

on which was

"The "

lettered the following

:

life-car.

Model of the

original life-car that, with a signal rope at each end,

was pulled through great waves, and saved two hundred people out of the wrecked ship Ayrshire, on the coast of New Jersey, in a snow storm. "

Invented (per patent

vania.

He was

that established

office)

by Captain Ottinger, a

sailor of Pennsyl-

charged with and executed the order of the government its first

life-saving stations.

"

Shipwrecked people from land and farther."

may be

saved in the car

five

hundred yards

AWNINGS, TENTS, AND WAGON-COVERS. and wagoneach drawn by two horses, and

R. A. Humphreys, manufacturer of awnings, covers,

made a

fine display

accompanied by

upon two

floats,

seventeen employes.

The

ment made during the century. First was shown the old style of Indian Indian tent; third, the old-style fifth,

army

flags, tents,

display

tent

;

showed the advance-

second, the

new

tent; fourth, the new-style

style of

army

tent;

the new-style pleasure tents.

Progress in wagon-covers was also shown.

wagon-cover, and second, the cover used

for

First, the old

wagons

Conestoga

at the present day.

PAINTS, VARNISHES, OILS, ETC.

H.

Z. Mintzer

made an

pyramid upon which

slats

in their various shadings.

exhibit

upon one

float.

In the centre was a

were arranged, showing a great variety of colors At one end of the float was shown the manner

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

159

of grinding paint in the olden time, by which a man could turn out ten pounds of paint per day at the other end, an improved machine, by which ;

a

man

can turn out two hundred and forty pounds per day.

handsomely decorated by

The

float

was

flags of the principal nations of the world.

FURNITURE. EXHIBIT OF THE PHILADELPHIA FOLDING-BED COMPANY.

This company made an exhibit upon two horses.

the

Upon

first float

was shown old

each drawn by two

floats,

styles of

"

four-post" bedsteads

with canopy top, made in 1 784 and, to show improvements made, there " was shown upon the second float a new improved climax folding cabinet ;

bed."

WASHING-MACHINES.

The

Ristine Manufacturing

washing-machines upon two

Company made an

floats,

exhibit of their

new

each drawn by two horses.

RICHMOND BROTHERS. This firm made their exhibit upon one

float,

drawn by two horses, and

They presented a large-size accompanied by four men and two boys. for the manufactured machine, parade, being eight feet long, ten especially feet high, and six feet wide. FURNITURE. EXHIBIT OF MACKIE

&

HILTON.

This firm showed upon one large float, drawn by four white horses, accompanied by four men, a very fine display of a willow parlor suit, consisting of sofa, large rocker, arm-chair, parlor-chairs, hat-rack, hall-stand,

These goods, of comparatively recent introduction, do not, therefore, admit of comparison with any of the same kind made in the early years etc.

of the century.

KINDLING-WOOD. EXHIBIT OF W. A. ALLEN.

The

exhibit of Mr. Allen consisted of

two

floats,

handsomely decorated,

each drawn by four horses.

FLOAT

The

first

float

No.

i.

handsome wagon with bundle-wood and gradual pyramid. On each side of the float was

consisted

of a

arranged in a large painted in oil a woman about to

start

a

fire in

her stove.

CIVIC

l6o

AND INDUSTRIAL FLOAT

The second float was designed wood at the present time.

to

No.

PROCESSION.

2.

show the mode of

delivering bundle-

TWENTY-THIRD DIVISION. Assistant Marshal.

FRANK BOWER.

CHARLES W. HOUGHTON, M.D.

Aide.

BAND. BAKERIES,

MEAT PACKERS, SUGAR REFINERS,

ETC.

The Home-Made Bread Company made an exhibit of one large float, drawn by four horses, upon which was shown one of the latest improved machines clothes,

for

who

making and kneading dough, with two bakers illustrated its use

This machine

is

in

in

working-

motion.

capable of mixing and kneading six barrels of flour at

each mixing, and with into

by keeping

it

it

one man

dough two hundred and

forty

able, in a

day of ten hours, to convert barrels of flour, producing the enormous is

quantity of sixty-seven thousand two hundred pounds of dough.

Com-

and eleven hundred and twenty a day's work under the old system, it is at once evi-

paring this result with four barrels of flour

pounds of dough,

dent that this industry great results

Nor

is

is

not

far

behind others

in the matter of

producing

by the aid of inventions.

the progress confined to machinery only.

loaves on a heated hearth, under a basket

made

Instead of setting the

for the purpose,

and cover-

ing the whole with clay, to retain the heat and bake the bread, as our

great-great-grandmothers did, the latest improved bake-ovens are continuous in their operation

bread

in

and have a capacity of over four thousand pounds of

twelve hours.

This exhibit also comprised a huge pyramid of fresh-baked bread, surmounted by a large flag, and was accompanied by eighteen of the firm's delivery-wagons.

FLEISHMANN'S VIENNA MODEL BAKERY. C. Edelheim, proprietor of this well-known bakery,

made an

exhibit

float, drawn by four horses, handsomely decorated with On this bunting, garlands, and plants, and a canopy similarly treated. float were placed the products of the Vienna Model Bakery, which made

upon one large

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL, this

institution so

l6l

famous during the Centennial Exposition of 1876, as and caps, who at the close of the

also six boys in white bakers' suits

procession distributed the bread and the rolls

among

the people.

THE BRUNSWICK MANUFACTURING COMPANY. This

firm,

engaged

creamery buttered

in the

manufacture of household

made

flour,

their exhibit as follows

FLOAT This

float

place, crane,

No.

specialties, including :

I.

represented a kitchen of a hundred years ago, with the old

and iron

pot, a copper tea-kettle

old, a pair of candlesticks

and

one hundred and

years

fifty

snuffers, a tinder-box, bellows, a stove of

olden times," and cooking utensils to correspond.

On

fire-

"

ye

the float was a table

belonging to George Read, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, at which Generals Washington and Lafayette sat and dined at Read's house.

The

old

way

of making biscuits with yeast was shown,

requiring eight to ten hours, as the

dough

in

those days was set to rise over

night.

FLOAT

The second and

gasoline-

modern

float represented

No.

2.

a kitchen of the present day, containing

washing-machine,

oil-stoves,

clothes-wringer,

and labor-saving appliances. mixing and baking biscuits with the

On

kitchen-utensils

was engaged

in

"

and

this float

other

a

man

Martha Washington

creamery buttered flour," requiring only ten minutes for the whole process.

They were

distributed to the throngs

each biscuit having on

September way, 1787,

15,

1887."

10 hours.

it

who

At

the foot

New

way, 1887,

FLOAT

The

third float contained a

lined the route of the procession,

"

Baked on the Centennial Parade, of the float was a sign, reading, "Old

the words,

No.

10 minutes."

3.

machine used

for

mixing flour with

butter,

creamery buttered flour, the machine mixing in one hour what

making would require the work of two days by hand. the flour in packages, and putting them in boxes

Men for

were also weighing shipment to customers

in all parts of the country.

The century

object of the entire exhibit in

VOL. n.

was to show the progress made

the simple matter of biscuit-making. 22

in

a

1

CIVIC

62

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

IMPORTERS AND SUGAR REFINERS. EXHIBIT OF E. C. KNIGHT

This firm made the following exhibit to refining

One

&

Co.

illustrate their business of

sugar

:

One

team, one horse, one man, growing sugar-cane.

team, two

raw sugar. One team, one horse, one team, two horses, one man, twenty

horses, one man, three hogsheads of

One

man, one hogshead of raw sugar.

One team, two horses, one man, ten One team, two horses, one man, three One team one horse, one man, one

barrels of refined sugar (granulated).

barrels of refined syrup (from sugar).

hogsheads of syrup (from molasses).

hogshead of syrup (from molasses).

Total, seven teams, eleven horses,

and

seven men. In reference to sugar refining in the United States at the time of the

adoption of the Constitution, 1787, carried

on

at

was on such a small

it

all,

may

it

be said that scale as to

it

did not exist;

amount

if

to nothing.

Raw sugar was almost universally used. The vacuum-pan dates only from about 1820, and both the use of bone-black as a decolorizing medium and the use of centrifugal for purging are of more recent date. PACKERS AND PROVISION DEALERS. EXHIBIT OF JOHN BOWER

The

&

Co.

exhibit of this firm consisted of a large float,

fifty feet

long,

and

on which was a miniature smoke-house, five feet four inches long, four feet two inches wide, and eight feet two inches high to the roof, which was surmounted with a cornice and slanting roof, with a ventilator ten feet wide,

fifteen

by

fifteen inches,

and four

imitation of brick with sign

feet

on the

high, the main structure painted in "

front,

Establishment."

The smoke-house was

shoulders, etc., in

process of smoking.

John Bower

&

Co.'s

Smoking

in full operation, containing

The

hams,

balance of the float was hand-

somely decorated with the superior sugar-cured hams, shoulders, breakfast bacon, dried beef, beef-, hog-, and sheep-tongues, prepared by this house, all

forming rosettes

packed

in

green, etc.

barrels

Their

firm's fine mules.

;

also their pure kettle-rendered lard in tubs,

and float

tierces,

with decorations of

flags,

and meats

bunting,

ever-

contained eight men, and was drawn by six of the

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

163

TROTH HAMS. Mr.

Wm.

Troth's exhibit consisted of one hundred and thirty-two

J.

hams arranged on a

half-octagon, in the shape of a

and an hour-glass on

diamond

in the centre

either side.

HAMS, BACON, CURED MEATS, ETC.

Armour &

Co.

made an

upon one

exhibit

float,

drawn by four horses

and accompanied by three men in clothing of bright yellow; the float and horses were decorated with yellow flags and ribbons, yellow being the characteristic color of the firm.

hams, bacon, "

the words,

lard,

We

cured meats,

etc.,

feed the world."

large shield bearing the

name

of

shown samples of while above these was an arch bearing

Upon

the float were

The rear of the float was covered by a Armour & Co., packers, Chicago.

THE RETAIL GROCERS' ASSOCIATION. association made an exhibit upon two floats,

This

preceded by a

band of twenty musicians.

FLOAT

Upon

the

first float

No.

was shown and

I.

illustrated

an old store of a century

ago.

FLOAT

By way

No.

2.

of contrasting this with the improvements

of conducting the business of

retail

new

the second float an illustration of the

and appliances found

in

a

made

in the

manner

storekeeping, there was placed upon

first-class retail

store, with all the

improvements

grocery store of the present day.

CONFECTIONERY, CHOCOLATES, ETC. Croft

&

Allen,

manufacturers of confectionery, chocolates, and san-

blas preserved cocoa-nut,

by four

horses,

made an

exhibit

the

floats,

each drawn

and attended by eight men.

FLOAT

On

upon two

first

float

No.

i.

was shown the mode of manufacturing candy

in

the early years of the century.

FLOAT

On

the second float was

present day.

No.

2.

shown the methods of making

it

at

the

1

CIVIC

64

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

COCOA AND CHOCOLATE. EXHIBIT OF H. O. WILBUR

This firm made

the following exhibit

&

SONS.

:

FLOAT. This was drawn by

six dapple-gray horses, with silver-mounted harness,

red plumes, black and gold shields on each collar, with Wilbur's cocoa, is,

The

Wilbur's breakfast cocoa and Wilbur's boiling chocolate.

ten

by twenty

feet,

and two

either side, filling the space

inches of the pavement.

blue bunting,

flags, etc.,

stories in height.

from the lower

the

French

first

rolls,

was

floor of the float to within six

was handsomely decorated with red, white, and one large flag, ten feet high and ten feet across, in

floor of the float

float.

were an engine and

boiler,

nonpareil machine, patent cocoa-shell

mixer, chocolate-tables, chocolate-settler or shaker,

save the nonpareil.

float

the firm was on

It

the centre of the upper floor of the

On

The name of

that

Men and women were working

French grinder,

can-filler, all

chocolate-

running by steam

at all of these machines.

These machines were of the newest designs and most improved attachments.

The above-named machines produce eight hundred times more goods than could be produced by the same number of men and women without them.

All the machines were of American manufacture save the French

grinders.

The second floor of the float was arranged with the girls who were seated and wrapping chocolate same as

On a

full

tables, chairs, etc., for

of various kinds, the

at the factory.

the front part of the second floor of the float a table was spread with set of dishes of the

style of

Wilbur's chocolates of various styles,

and gentleman

1787. etc.

The

plates

were

filled

with

Seated at the table were a lady

costume of one hundred years ago, enjoying a choice cup of delicious chocolate, which was served by a colored man, also in the costume of 1787. in the

Thirty persons were on the two

floats.

EXLEY'S CENTRIFUGAL WATER-SPRINKLER. Robert Exley, patentee of the Exley Centrifugal Water-Sprinkler, made an exhibition in the procession of one of his sprinklers. The advantages claimed for

it

are described in his report as follows

:

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. has

It

many

;

it

In

(say one thousand ;

it

secures far greater

ordinary working, at the rate of say three miles an hour,

its

the machine will cover effectively in

long

saves time, and

watering parks, roads, and streets than any other machine ever

facilities for

invented.

special advantages

or with

gallons), a road

five

five

fifteen

minutes, with one load of water

yards wide and nine hundred

loads of water, allowing eight minutes for

be watered

load, a mile can

filling

the same width.

in thirty minutes,

take four ordinary watering- wagons to do the same amount of

same

165

feet

each

It

would

work

in the

time.

THE NATIONAL STREET-SWEEPING MACHINERY COMPANY. This

company paraded

its

combined

sweeper and loader with the

attached dump-wagon, drawn by four horses, and handled by two men. the difference between ancient and

It illustrated

by

cleaning

modern methods of

street-

showing the hand-work, with brooms, shovels, hoes, wheel-

barrows, and carts,

hand-labor

is

and then followed the machine by which all this eliminated, and the entire work of sweeping and loading is

done by machinery. The difference between the ancient and modern methods, the greater perfection of the work done by machinery, and the great economy attained

by

its

use,

were made evident to the eye of every observer.

CIGAR MANUFACTURE. EXHIBIT OF T.

The

J.

DUNN &

Co.

made by

this firm consisted of one float, thirty feet long by and one business wagon, drawn by four horses and one twelve horse respectively. They displayed Vuelta and Remedies Havana tobacco,

display

feet wide,

also

Sumatra wrappers

in bales,

and

their

own

productions of domestic

tobacco, viz., Pennsylvania, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Connecticut also some On the float were eight cigar-makers, four making growing plants. hand and four by moulds, four tobacco-strippers, two wrappercigars by ;

bookers, and one cigar-packer.

THE LA FLOR DE PORTUONDO CIGAR COMPANY. The

"

La

Flor de Portuondo" cigar manufactory of Juan F. Portuondo

was represented by two

floats,

each drawn by two horses.

1

CIVIC

66

AND

INDUSTRIAL PROCESSION. FLOAT

The

first float

bales of tobacco.

contained five

On

No.

i.

men engaged

in

opening and sampling

the front of the float was painted a scene on a

Cuban

"

The operation of casing" or moistening the tobacco, of cigars, was also performed on the float. manufacture preparatory to the tobacco plantation.

FLOAT

No.

The second float represented the men were engaged in stripping,

twelve

2.

interior

of the factory, in

which

selecting the wrappers, making and

packing the cigars. On the rear end was a large double show-case, with goods ready for sale.

A.

filled

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Chief Marshal.

APPENDIX TO THE

REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

ORDER No.

i,

1887.

i.

The undersigned having entered upon his duties under his appoint1. ment by the Constitutional Centennial Commission, announces that his office is in the Supreme Court room, second story, City Hall, South Broad Street entrance. 2.

General

W. Hofmann

J.

is

announced as chief of A.

staff.

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Marshal.

PHILADELPHIA, July

MY

DEAR

SIR,

As you

are aware,

I

and

sponsibility of organizing the industrial

9,

1887.

have assumed the labor and civic processional

re-

display in

commemoration of the formation and promulgation of the Constitution of the United States.

In this demonstration the whole people of the United States are interested.

Its success,

however,

pathy and co-operation of our faltered

will largely

own

or fallen short in any good

have no doubt as to the All that

is

needed

is

depend upon the hearty sym-

citizens.

As

Philadelphia has never

work assigned

to her people,

I

can

result.

that our citizens be aroused to the importance

of the occasion and to the opportunity presented to manifest the growth

and marvellous development of her In this work

Without

its

we

institutions

and

industries.

must, as usual, depend largely upon the public press.

hearty assistance but

little

can be achieved

in

arousing public

interest. 167

1

CIVIC

68

am

I

AND INDUSTRIAL

quite aware that in the labors

PROCESSION. have assumed, as well as

I

in

have your sympathies. Nevertheless, I feel it a personal duty you omit no opportunity to educate the public mind and direct the people's attention to the subject. Through this we will have

the result,

I

to urge that

and participation in the demonstration, which, I trust, creditable and honorable to Philadelphia and the country at

their co-operation

be alike

will

large. I

am, very

truly,

your obedient

servant,

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

A.

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

The above

P.S.

letter

was mailed to the

city editors July 9,

PHILADELPHIA, July

MY

DEAR MR. McKEAN,

timely editorial in this

As you

celebration.

18,

1887.

1887.

you to express my thanks for your morning's Ledger on the approaching constitutional I

write

very properly say, the military parade

task in the hands of those

who have

it

in charge.

The

is

a very easy

organization,

how-

ever, of a civic and industrial display, which will illustrate the progress

have made

in the arts of

and much more First,

peace in the

last century, is

we

an entirely different

difficult matter.

we have

to excite interest

;

second, co-operation

;

third, intelligent

participation. I

have been hard at work .

unremitting attention until

two weeks, and expect to give

for the last

the

demonstration

takes

place.

Intelligent

such as yours of this A.M., will go far to lighten the burden which resting upon me. I could very easily arrange a demonstration with thousands of people

editorials, is

in

it,

but an

intelligent, illustrative processional display,

and the country,

which

will

be alike

an entirely different matter. Again thanking you for your kindly editorial, I remain as ever,

creditable to Philadelphia

Your

is

friend,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To WILLIAM

V. McKEAN, Esq.,

Editor of the Ledger.

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. On

169

July 9 the following circular-letter was mailed to the governor of

every State and Territory in the Union

:

PHILADELPHIA, July

DEAR

SIR,

From

9,

1887.

the enclosed correspondence you will observe that

I

have been appointed by the Constitutional Centennial Commission chairman of the committee and marshal in charge of the civic and industrial demonstration,

by which

it is

intended in part to celebrate the formation and pro-

mulgation of the Constitution of the United States. I

need not remind you that

of the highest importance that this cele-

it is

bration should not alone illustrate our moral, intellectual, and material progress within the past

hundred years, but that it should be made so imposing minds of our people, particularly

as to leave an indelible impression on the

upon the youth of the land, as to the paramount importance of upholding and guarding the Constitution as the sheet-anchor of our liberties and the bulwark of our prosperity and happiness of our people. In July, 1788, there was a celebration in this city, intended not only to manifest the gratification of the people

on the adoption of the Constitution by ten of the

but also to stimulate

its ratification

federation.

On

by

all

States,

the States composing the old Con-

that occasion the processional display,

which received the

countenance and the hearty support of the leading men of the period, representing all branches of business, industries of all kinds, as well as the

and the schools of learning, headed by the venerable University of Pennsylvania, etc., was the most comprehensive and suggestive ever attempted up to that period on this side of the Atlantic. judiciary, the professions,

devolves upon us in the coming celebration to

It

possible, in the processional display the

illustrate, as far

as

marvellous material and industrial

advance which has been made under the benign influence of the Constitution. It is

a celebration in which

will require

all

should participate.

To

generous and cordial co-operation, and upon

assure success

this I confidently

rely.

Without presuming to indicate a plan for your guidance, I may say that has been suggested that your Excellency appoint a committee to which shall be assigned the duty of directing the attention of your citizens to the it

and the organizing your industries for participation in the demonstration, which it is proposed to make, if possible, the most imposing of the

subject,

VOL.

ii.

23

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

170

PROCESSION.

With such a committee, or any

kind ever witnessed on this continent.

other

agency you may suggest, I shall be glad to co-operate. Hoping to hear from you on this subject, and confidently relying upon your valuable assistance, I have the honor to remain,

Your obedient

servant,

LOUDON SNOWDEN.

A. To

his Excellency,

Gov

On

July

was addressed

there

1 1

to those

throughout the Union the following circular

in industrial pursuits

engaged

:

PHILADELPHIA, PA., July u, 1887.

DEAR

The

SIR,

undersigned, having

chairman of the committee and marshal

in

accepted the appointment as

charge of the industrial and

on the I5th day of September next, as part of the ceremonies commemorative of the framing and promulgation of the Constitution of the United States, hereby appeals civic processional display, to

be held

in Philadelphia

engaged in the various branches of business and industries throughout the Union, which have been developed under its guarantees and safe-

to those

guards, to assist in

making the processional display

suggestive presentation of the marvellous advance the past one hundred years

in the arts

as far as possible a

we have made

within

of peace.

This demonstration should be made worthy of our country and the great event

are

we propose to

cordially invited

products or

skill

as

to

commemorate.

co-operate

may be I

in

With

this object in view,

you

making such a display of your

possible.

am, very respectfully, yours, A. LOUDON

SNOWDEN, Marshal.

On work

July 13 the following circular was issued in furtherance of the

in

hand

:

PHILADELPHIA, July

CIRCULAR.

In order to

ment of the various in the

facilitate

13, 1887.

the general classification and arrange-

organizations, companies, or firms that will participate

parade on the occasion of the centennial celebration of the promul-

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. gation of the Constitution of the United

of September next,

it

is

171

States in this city on the I5th

desired that those intending to participate will

send information as to the probable number of men, horses, and carriages they will bring, and the character of the display intended to be made on the occasion, to this office at the earliest date possible. direction of Marshal

By

A. Loudon Snowden. J.

W.

HOFMANN, Chief of Staff.

On

the same date an appeal was

made by

the following circular to the

publishers of over two thousand newspapers in soliciting their aid

all

the States of the Union,

:

PHILADELPHIA, July

DEAR

13,

1887.

have the honor to request your co-operation and valuable SIR, assistance in arousing a public interest in the proposed centennial celebration of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States.

By

I

publishing the enclosed correspondence and circular you would do a

kind service

in the direction indicated. I

am, very

A.

respectfully,

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Marshal.

PHILADELPHIA, July

MY

DEAR

I

SIR,

cherish above price,

write to

you

much

interest

By

is felt

by our

citizens

many

years of his

because of

its

the enclosed papers you will see that

arrangements for celebrating

in this city in

I

1887.

know you

the one which was used

Washington's carriage,

the father of his country for so

a matter that

in reference to

14,

life,

and

in

by

which so

association with him.

we

are engaged in

September next,

in

making a proper

manner, the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the

United States.

One

feature of the celebration will be a grand civic processional display

of the progress that our country has years in It

all

made during the

past one hundred

branches of industry.

has been suggested that the occasion would be a very proper one on

which the

citizens

should have an opportunity of seeing the historical

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

172

carriage, not only because of the great

PROCESSION.

advancement which has been made

branch of industry, but because of the

in this

used by the

first citizen

fact that

it

was owned and

of the republic. I

am, very

respectfully, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Marshal.

To CAPTAIN BENJAMIN RICHARDSON, No. 65 East 25th Street,

New

York, N. Y. PHILADELPHIA, July

DEAR

I

SIR,

am

in receipt

of your polite favor of the

municating the patriotic action of

"

Local Union, No.

hood of Carpenters and Joiners of America," participate

ment on

No

in

in

inst.,

com-

of the Brother-

unanimously deciding to

this continent.

class of citizens can derive

fully appreciated

Your It

14, 1887.

the celebration of the centennial of constitutional govern-

more permanent advantages from such

a government as ours than that you represent, and

much

8,

nth

letter is

I

am

sure this fact

is

by every intelligent and honest workman in our country. what I fully expected from such a source, and gives me

pleasure.

would be well

for you, at

your convenience, to

call

at this

office

for consultation. I

am, very

respectfully, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To W.

FORD, Esq., Chairman of Committee, J.

Twelfth and Heath Streets, Philadelphia.

CIRCULAR LETTER. PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

DEAR

SIR,

16,

1887.

In order to awaken an interest in the civic and industrial

processional demonstration to take place in this city on the I5th of September next, by which in part it is proposed to celebrate the centennial

of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States, circulars

have been issued by the undersigned and addressed to those engaged in industrial pursuits throughout the Union, inviting co-operation and participation.

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

173

It is proposed to make the civic demonstration illustrate, as far as may be possible, our marvellous advance in the arts of peace in the last century. In this illustrative demonstration all sections of the country should it

Nevertheless,

participate.

reaching manufacturing capabilities

and earnest

As

we can

that

confidently rely

all

is

patriotic spirit

short, the undersigned earnestly re-

individuals, firms, or corporations

may make speedy arrangements

for

engaged in industrial puractive and intelligent participation

demonstration.

in this great

The

upon the

practical co-operation of our citizens.

the period for preparation

quests that suits

know

I

be the

From her varied industries and widewe must largely draw, and from past

largest contributor in this direction.

experience

Philadelphia must

manifest that

is

effort

of each industry should be to give a practical occular demon-

stration of the

advance made within the

last

century under the Constitu-

tion.

Correspondence on these points, and any other that or value,

is

may be

of interest

invited. I

am, very A.

respectfully,

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Marshal.

PHILADELPHIA, July

MY

DEAR

SIR,

I

have

write to express

my

moment

23, 1887.

read your very considerate and

Mr. Latta.

cordial letter addressed to I

this

thanks for the intelligent interest you manifest

in

the celebration of September next.

With the

cordial co-operation of the people, I shall endeavor to

make

the processional display of the I5th of September worthy of the great event

commemorate, and of the genius and spirit of our people. Again thanking you for your letter, which has given me much

it is

I

to

pleasure,

remain,

Very

sincerely yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To Hon.

E. B. COXE,

Drifton Post-Office, Luzerne County, Pa.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

174

PROCESSION.

PHILADELPHIA,

Herewith

GENTLEMEN, I

have assumed.

civic

and

I

now

PA., July 27, 1887.

explanatory of the duties which

find circulars

write to request your co-operation in

industrial display,

which

will

making the

form part of the celebration of the

centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States in

on the i$th of September next, such as the importance of the

this city,

event should secure for

Your

city,

it.

known by

so widely

its

exhibits in the great International

Exposition of 1876 as the seat of the ceramic art in America, may surely be called upon again, on the present occasion, to give ocular demonstration of the great advancement

made

branch of the industrial

in this

arts.

I

may

be pardoned, I trust, if I suggest that the present stage of development might be the more prominently shown if placed in contrast with an exhibit of

some of the products

that Trenton produced in the earlier years of the

century.

Would

be practicable or expedient to have a joint demonstration made by the different firms and companies of your city ? Will you please take the matter into consideration, and at your early it

convenience

let

me

hear from you

?

Or perhaps

a call at this office.

be best advanced by to five P.M. but if you ;

will

remain

in to receive

Very

me

will advise

you

at the

I

am

the object in view might

here usually from eight A.M.

of your coming a day in advance,

I

hour you may name.

respectfully,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To THE MERCER POTTERY COMPANY, Trenton, N.

J.

PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

MY

DEAR

SIR,

I

should be

much

27, 1887.

gratified if the Society of the Cin-

whose existence spans the one hundred years of constitutional government on this continent, and which is so closely and honorably

cinnati,

identified with

manner

our national

in the civic

and

history, should

participate in

industrial demonstration

which

an appropriate

in part

is

intended

to celebrate the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States, and

which

will take place in this city

on the i$th of September next.

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. This demonstration

will, as

far

as possible, illustrate

Your obedient

marvellous

the

advance our country has made in the arts of peace within the I have the honor to remain,

175

last century.

servant,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN, Marshal.

To Hon. HAMILTON

FISH,

President of General Society of the Cincinnati,

Ocean House, Newport, R.

I.

PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

28, 1887.

A. WlLHELM, ESQ., President of State Agricultural Society of Pennsylvania,

Harrisburg, Pa.

DEAR

SIR,

The

great interest represented

by your

society, being the

basis of all other interests, should be properly represented in the industrial

processional display in this city on the

1

5th of September next, which will

form part of the ceremonies of the celebration of the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States. I shall

be very glad to have you

convenient, or indicate

when

I

call for

consultation at as early a day as

can see you, with a view to arranging for the

participation of your society in the parade.

Very

respectfully,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal. PHILADELPHIA,

DEAR

SIR,

In the civic and industrial

PA., July 28, 1887.

demonstration of September

proposed to illustrate the advance made by us as a people This advance it is proposed to illustrate by objectin the past century. teaching in the line of the parade. The implements, machines, and modes 15 next

it

is

of doing business in 1787 will be contrasted with those of the present year.

The

progress in transportation will be illustrated by the old Conestoga

wagons, canal-boats, and

fast freight car.

Individual transportation

old stage-coach, the packet, the passenger car, and the

by the

Pullman palace

car, etc. It

has occurred to

me

that the

Exchange, of which you are the

CIVIC

176 president,

would be glad of an opportunity

showing the advance made

exhibit is left

AND INDUSTRIAL

to

in

The

your better judgment.

your

PROCESSION. to manifest

trade.

able as a contribution to the important patriotic

enterprise

The mode of

would be

exhibit

its

work

illustration

interesting

in

by an

and valu-

which Philadelphia

is now taking so deep an interest. be glad to co-operate with you or any representative you may designate in accomplishing the work to which I have had the honor to

and the country I shall

direct

your

attention. I

am, very

truly, yours,

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

A.

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To ROBERT

C. LIPPINCOTT, Esq.,

President of

Lumber Exchange,

Exchange Building, Third and Dock

On July

29,

owing

to the

Streets, Philadelphia.

number of civic organizations making

application

view of illustrating progress by the participation of a large membership, which would have extended the for positions in the procession, with the

length of the processional column indefinitely, and thus have conflicted

with the main object in view, lesson,

I

that of

making the display a grand

issued the following circular

PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

CIRCULAR.

The

following information

contemplating participation

which

is

and

in the civic

will take place in this city

object-

:

29, 1887.

deemed of importance

to those

industrial processional display,

on the I5th of September next, as part of

the ceremonies incident to the celebration of the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States. Usually, in processional displays,

it is

izations parade with full ranks, so as to in

numbers as may

desirable that societies

make

and organ-

the demonstration as imposing

be possible.

In the coming demonstration the suggestive character of the display

is

deemed of much more importance than the numbers that may participate. The object in view is to present the result of successful efforts in the present century, under the industrial

pursuits

and

in

Constitution, social

education,

etc.,

all

the varied branches

and educational

made

life,

etc.,

of

and thus to

each particular branch of industry, but also the bearing of each upon the general prosperity

exhibit not only the progress art,

in

of the whole country.

in

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. As

a reproduction of the same article or illustration

is

177

not desirable,

and companies engaged in the it is recommended same pursuits unite together and make a combined exhibit, on as suggestive and comprehensive a scale as may be possible. This would insure econthat individuals, firms,

omy, condense the

exhibits,

and

give better

results

than where each

individual or firm endeavors to accomplish a purpose without union.

Where, however, individuals or firms are willing and prepared

to fully

exhibit the particular industry they propose to illustrate in the parade, a is given to such. Benevolent and other societies will best promote the objects held

cordial invitation

view by appropriate

Where

societies

to limit the

illustrations,

symbolizing the objects of their existence.

embrace large numbers of men

number of each

in

that will take part.

it

may be found

necessary This course may, and from

be necessary to prevent the demonstration from exceeding proper proportions. The largest latitude will be allowed in this direction consistent with the main object to be attained, which is to illustrate

present appearances

will,

progress and educate a respect and reverence for the Constitution, under

which, as a people,

we have had such abundant

The demonstration medium

of advertising.

will

prosperity.

not be permitted to degenerate into a mere

Uninteresting features will be eliminated.

Where

proper advertising results from the display of handiwork or enterprise

be encouraged, but not otherwise. When the procession shall have been formed

in

will

it

accordance with the

orders to be hereafter issued, no unauthorized societies, organizations, or

be permitted to enter the column. Application for a position in the procession, stating the character of the display intended to be made, should be sent to this office at the earliest date

wagons

will

possible, in order that a proper classification

A.

may be made.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal. PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

GENTLEMEN, and

in reply

i

II.

in

29, 1887.

receipt of your valued favor of the 28th inst,

you propose

my

thorough appreciation of the

live,

to take in the processional display of Sep-

5th.

My present VOL.

am

beg to assure you of

practical interest

tember the

I

24

thought

is

to confine the route of the parade to

Broad

Street,

which gest.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

i;8

PROCESSION.

permit your exhibit to assume the form you are pleased to sugIf there is any change in the route, I will give you early notice.

will

Your mode

of illustrating advance, as well as the different processes

connected with the manufacture of locomotives, in full

harmony with the suggestive character

is in

I

the right direction and

hope

on the

to impress

demonstration.

Again thanking you I

contains,

for

your communication and the encouragement

it

remain, Respectfully, yours,

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

A.

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To MESSRS. BURNHAM, PARRY, WILLIAMS &

Co.

PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

DEAR with you

I

SIR,

my

that

beg

you

will

29, 1887.

present to the gentlemen associated

appreciation of your and their effort to have the trades of

Philadelphia unite to

make

their participation in the

grand demonstration

of September 15 a striking illustration of their hearty sympathy with the celebration,

and as

illustrative of their

own

enterprise, spirit,

and patriotism.

If the trades of Philadelphia would submit to your committee the ques-

tion as to

how they should would be

branches in the procescould confer with such a committee, and

illustrate the different

sional display,

it

would be glad

to aid in having each trade present a creditable illustration

of

its

wise.

progress from 1787 to

save time.

I

1887.

Trouble must ensue

if

Such a course on your part would

each trade has a separate committee of

arrangements.

you adopt will be satisfactory to me, provided and brawny workmen of our city have a fair opportunity to show to the world what I know they are capable of doing.

Any

plan, however, that

that the brainy

The demonstration

of September 15 will largely depend for

upon the interest manifested in I

it

by the

"

its

success

American workman," and

to

him

look for assistance. I

am, very

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To W. H. THOMAS,

Esq.,

Chairman of Committee of Constitutional Celebration of Council, 1225 Ridge Avenue.

the Building Trades'

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL, PHILADELPHIA, PA., July

DEAR

A

SIR,

in in

progress

the

30, 1887.

committee representing the Building Trades' Council

me

of Philadelphia called upon ticipation

179

great

yesterday in relation to appropriate par-

demonstration which

industrial

our industries and art

in the last

is

to

hundred years.

illustrate It is

pro-

posed that each trade illustrate in the line of the procession the old conditions and the present, the methods of a hundred years ago and those at present

The taken is

employed.

success of this demonstration will largely depend upon the interest

in

by the workmen of

it

not represented in the building trades,

confer with Mr.

As

Philadelphia.

W. H. Thomas, chairman

I

learn that

I

write to

your trade

suggest that you

of the Trades' Committee, with

a view to having your trade fully illustrated in the demonstration. If

you

will prefer consulting

me on

the subject,

you any day between eleven and twelve Trusting that represent in

you

I

may have

I

will

be glad to see

o'clock.

the hearty co-operation of yourself and those

the great demonstration of September 15, I

am, very

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To A. McGiLL,

Esq.,

Bricklayers' Hall,

Broad and Fairmount Avenue. PHILADELPHIA, PA., August

GENTLEMEN, solicit

In furtherance

of the task intrusted to

me,

r,

1887.

write to

I

your co-operation. and as part thereof of the celebration of the centennial of the

Incidental

promulgation of the Constitution of the United States, which will take place in this city in September next, there will be on the 1 5th of that month a civic

and

It is

industrial processional display.

intended that the great advancement

made

in the industrial pursuits

throughout the Union during the century just closing shall be set out ocular demonstration and

by

contrast with the condition of affairs

provisions of the Constitution took

by when the

effect.

In no single branch of industry, invention, or intellectual manifestation

has there been more real genius displayed than to

printing.

And,

further, there

is

no one

in

the inventions applied

interest

or

many combined

CIVIC

l8o

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

equal to the power and influence exerted by the newspaper press, which is largely indebted to the genius of the founders of your firm for its present standing. I

am

anxious to

illustrate this

object in view, propose to place in

presses which

was

that period.

And

in

a practical way, and with this the procession one of the hand-made

advance

in

use a century ago, and from

it

reproduce a journal of

in contrast with this, to exhibit, if possible,

one of your

great printing-presses of the present day. I

have discussed the matter with

whilst he

is

my

friend,

exceedingly anxious to assist

in

Colonel A. K. McClure, and

carrying out

my

idea in this

impossible to place one of your large presses on a float. from the enclosed correspondence, that the Baldwin Locomotive Works propose to place a full-sized locomotive on our streets in the respect, thinks

You

it

will notice,

line of parade. I

would not expect

to run the press in the streets, but only to ex-

I will issue on that it in contrast with the old Franklin press. day an eight-page newspaper, printed elsewhere on one of your grand presses,

hibit

made up

of interesting articles written

by the most distinguished men of

our day. If

it is

impossible to have a full-sized press, could

would represent a press ? hand, could

we

If this is not practicable, or if

not have a press in general form

as to appear like the real press

made

a model that

you have none on

of wood, painted so

?

and enterprise of your firm, and expect to hear from you. your consideration,

Presuming upon the public this subject to

we have

I

spirit

am, very

submit

I

respectfully,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To MESSRS.

& Co., New York.

R. H. HOE.

504 Grand

Street,

PHILADELPHIA, August

DEAR

SIR,

It

i,

1887.

has been suggested that a display of the general ad-

vancement made by our educational institutions during the last century could be most fittingly symbolized by Girard College, which includes in its

curriculum the various branches of education required by the American

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. youth,

l8l

the general instruction in literature, in handicraft, and the instruc-

him

tion requisite to qualify

discharge in an

to

intelligent

military duty he owes to his country. The idea is to have the pupils of the college

who may be

advanced in the handicraft of the carpenter construct a lege, say fifteen feet

long

the procession by horses

already

model of the

col-

be placed upon a truck, and drawn in structure to be followed by the cadet corps

this to

;

this

;

of the college, headed by pupils in working garb

manner the

its

band

and carrying

;

these

their

column by the and these, in turn,

followed in

implements

;

followed by the junior pupils of the college.

Will you kindly give the proposition your consideration, and

let

me

hear from you at your early convenience.

Very

respectfully,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To WM. HEYWARD DRAYTON, President of

Board of

Esq.,

Directors of City Trusts.

PHILADELPHIA, August

DEAR to me,

4,

1887.

In the effort to carry out the task which has been confided

SIR,

that of preparing for the industrial processional display to take

place in this city

on the

1

5th of September next, incidental to the celebra-

tion of the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States, all

I feel

called

upon

to ask the

warm and

sympathetic co-operation of

public-spirited citizens.

The grand

object in view in preparing the demonstration, as set forth in

circulars sent herewith,

is

to give ocular demonstration to the great advance-

ment made throughout the Union

in all

branches of our industries during

the last century, the relative bearing of these on their kindred and remote ones. its

The almost unprecedented growth

development as a great grain

of the city of Minneapolis and

emporium marks

it

as one eminently fitted

to symbolize the possibilities attainable under the constitutional protection

and safeguards.

I am doing a in to take the matter of the resources simply duty, asking you up having of your city and its speedy and substantial development illustrated in the

I

therefore feel not only justified, but that

1

CIVIC

82

AND INDUSTRIAL

processional display in such suited to accomplish I shall

manner

PROCESSION. your judgment, be best

as will, in

the object in view.

be very glad to hear from you at your early convenience. Very respectfully, A. LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To Hon. A. A. AMES, M.D., Mayor of

Minneapolis, Minn. PHILADELPHIA, August

DEAR

SIR,

As

part

of the ceremonies

incident to

5,

i887.

the celebration

of the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United

proposed to have a great civic and industrial demonstration This part of the celebrain this city on the i$th of September next. tion has been committed to my hands by the Constitutional Centennial States,

it

is

Commission. Desirous of making this demonstration creditable to our country and memorable in the history of the city not from the numbers composing it,

but from

advance

its

character,

it

in the arts that

has seemed best that

and

life

manifest our marvellous

tend to peace and prosperity by practically

trating in contrast the conditions, institutions,

we

illus-

methods, mechanical devices, appliances,

of our people one hundred years ago and now.

This method of celebration

double purpose of manifesting rejoicing in our prosperity and also teaching by objects a lesson to the young and to the older people who may need it, a respect and reverence for will serve the

our government, under which liberty rights of persons

and property are

is

regulated,,

safely guarded.

by law and where the This lesson

will be~ of

incalculable advantage to us as a people at the present time in our effort,

which

is

the supreme effort of the republic, to amalgamate and assimilate

The into a homogeneous population. us conwhere who come among many great and would break down all barriers that pre-

the people of different countries difficulty

we encounter

is

found license with liberty vent them from gratifying that license which

is

destructive

of

all

true

liberty.

To

properly illustrate in the industrial display the past and present,

will require considerable effort

the whole country cess will largely

is

on the part of Philadelphians.

deeply interested in the celebration,

depend on the

efforts of

its

For, whilst physical suc-

our own immediate people.

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. Whilst

been

I

am

relied quite sure that they can be

upon now,

183

as they have

demonstrations and celebrations of a similar character in the

in other

quicken their action so that the demonstration creditable as time, labor, and money can make it. past, I desire to

may be

as

In this processional display the worthy organization you represent should take an active and conspicuous part. How you should illustrate

advance

I will

not pretend to intimate.

the Builders' Exchange concludes to illustration or exhibition

honorable to the

you

enough for me to know that if take a part, which I trust it will, the It is

make

will

will

be alike creditable to you and

city.

Will you please bring this subject before your exchange, and do what you can to aid in a work which I think worthy of your cordial sympathy ? shall

I

be glad to meet yourself, or any person or persons you

designate, to consider this subject at I

may

any time convenient to you.

have the honor to remain,

Very

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To JOHN

S.

STEVENS, Esq.,

President of Builders' Exchange. PHILADELPHIA, August

MY

DEAR GENERAL,

am

I

9,

1887.

desirous of illustrating in the line of the

processional display of September 15, which

is

intended in part to cele-

brate the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States,

the

advance

made

our

in

country during the

past

hundred

years.

As

a feature of the display

hundred and

fifty

I

men equipped

propose to have, say, a hundred or one in Continental

of knowing from you whether there

is

ment any number of old muzzle-loading force or a portion of in person,

you

but

I

uniform.

I

am

in the possession of the

desirous

govern-

muskets to arm

flint-lock

this

contemplated visiting Washington and seeing

it.

I

am

so pressed for time that

I

find

it

impossible to

leave.

should like also to trespass so much on your time and kindly interest as to ask you to suggest whether there is in your department any imI

plement or arms that could be used

in illustrating

improvement,

that

is,

CIVIC

184

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

could be used in a display that would give ocular demonstration of advance.

Trusting to hear from you,

remain, with pleasant remembrance of

I

our former acquaintance,

Very

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To

General R. C. DRUM,

Adjutant-General United States Army.

The

following was addressed to representative colored citizens in

York, Philadelphia, and Washington

:

PHILADELPHIA, PA., August

DEAR

SIR,

I

opportunity which

write to

in

you

New

1887.

12,

order to invite your attention to the

offered to the colored people of the United States,

is

by

the celebration of the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution,

which

will take place in this city

on the I5th of September next, to show to

the world that they have availed themselves of the protection which the Constitution gives to

all

with the white race, as

citizens, is

and that they have advanced

in

common

exemplified by the fact that, while at the com-

mencement of the century their lot was in the rudest forms of manual labor, and path leading upward and onward

in

cast

and they found employment

that at the present day,

moral and

when

the

intellectual

development having been opened to them, they have entered it and followed it until they have succeeded in having a member of their race selected to represent his State in the highest council of the nation.

The

many I

present opportunity should not be neglected by them

years before a similar one will present

would suggest that the great

;

it

may be

itself.

intellectual

and moral advancement which

made during

the past century could be fittingly placed an exhibition of a log cabin, with a family seated near by baskets of cotton, and the rude implements of agriculture used by them the latter part of the last century. This to be placed upon a float or

the colored race has before the people it,

in

platform on a wagon, and upon a second float a structure showing a well-

room of a modern home, having about it the evidence of advance as evidenced by music, art, literature, etc.

furnished lectual I

intel-

ask you to take this matter into consideration, and, as the time for

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. preparation

is

early day.

I

men

tive

Mr.

passing rapidly away, will be glad to hear from you at an

J.

be

shall

will call

matter to the

185

full

still

more

extent of

my

C. Wears, of this

committee of your representaendeavor to aid you in this

gratified if a

here for consultation.

I will

ability.

city, will

Very

be glad to co-operate. respectfully,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

PHILADELPHIA, August

MY in

... As you

DEAR MR. SECRETARY,

13,

1887.

are perhaps aware,

charge of the great industrial and civic demonstration which

is

I

am

to take

place in this city on the i$th of September next, as part of the celebration of the centennial of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States.

My

aim and

education, morals,

only

in

some

has been to impress

effort

progress that has been

made

etc.,

faint

on

this

demonstration the

within the past century in the

of our people.

this

By

means

measure to mark the marvellous

I

arts, industries,

will

strides

be able not

we have taken

towards that which tends to the people's happiness and welfare, but will also, I trust, be enabled by a great object-lesson to teach respect and reverence for the form of government under which these advantages have

been reached.

As one

of the evidences of progress

it

is

proposed to present the

working of the Indian schools at Carlisle and elsewhere, to illustrate the extraordinary advance that has been made in a few years in teaching the savage the arts of peace. in in

propose to demonstrate this progress by having the line of procession some Indian warriors from the West, accoutred their war-trappings, with paint, etc., riding on their Indian ponies.

Following these,

floats,

I

on which

will

be represented the gradual process

of education in literature and in mechanical

boys with their books on

foot.

It

arts,

has seemed to

followed by the Indian

me

that this feature of

the demonstration will be very interesting and instructive, and of no value in directing the minds of the people to the efforts

by the government the nation. VOL.

ii.

25

to educate

and

civilize

now

little

being made

the long-neglected wards of

1

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

86

PROCESSION.

movement and

any aid that you may be able to give towards its accomplishment, and should be glad for any suggestions you may be able to make. I have the honor to remain, I

write for your

in this

sympathy

Very

for

truly, yours,

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

A.

Chairman of Committee and MarsJial.

To Hon.

L. Q. C.

LAMAR,

Secretary of the Interior. PHILADELPHIA, August

MY

DEAR DOCTOR,

I

am

in receipt

prehensive letter of the I3th

War and Navy

Departments

inst.,

of your very thoughtful and com-

in relation to the participation of the

the processional display which

in

1887.

15,

celebrate the centennial of the adoption of the Constitution,

is in

part to

and cordially

thank you for the same.

have written to the adjutant-general of the army in relation to the subject, and have also written to a gentleman connected with the Navy I

Washington, with a view to open communication with the Secretary of the Navy. The method of reaching the desired end as suggested by you is admirable, and I shall follow it up. I should be

Department

in

when you

glad at any time to see you office for consultation

on the

Again thanking you

for

are in the neighborhood of this

subject.

your considerate

Very

letter, I

remain,

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To

C.

J.

U.

S.

CLEBORNE, M.D.,

Navy, 4317 Walnut

Street.

PHILADELPHIA, August

MY

DEAR MR. RANDALL,

so as to obtain,

if

I

16, 1887.

intend visiting the Secretary of the Navy,

possible, his hearty co-operation in obtaining

department certain models and appliances that

will illustrate the

from the advance

in naval architecture, gunnery, and equipment within the last century.

make this visit at the instance of some officers connected with navy, who think it is the best mode of obtaining the co-operation of I

the

the

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. department, which

think of importance not only to the demonstration

I

itself, but to the present administration of our naval affairs. Mr. Charles Cramp will accompany me. It has occurred to

I

perhaps

should have a

the purpose to

its

and

accomplishment.

A

introduction to the Secretary, which

let

I

me that am and

sympathy as

from you would meet the case

letter

therefore take the liberty of asking

I

who

the Secretary, indicating

letter to

intend to serve, with a kindly expression of

I

187

I

may

to

you use

Very

give

when

As I expect to leave to-morrow evening, you me have your letter by the bearer. I beg to

me

will

I

a

fully,

letter

of

meet him.

be kind enough to

remain,

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To Hon. SAMUEL

J.

RANDALL. PHILADELPHIA, August

MY

DEAR

I

SIR,

17,

1887.

had hoped to have the pleasure of seeing you, or

some one connected with you,

in

regard to your participation in the great

industrial demonstration of

September 15. brother on Chestnut Street has been here, and make an illustration alike creditable to his firm and the

A representative of your I

have no doubt

city.

One

will

great difficulty

difficult to indicate

progress

is

in

in the

your

mode

line.

of illustration.

It is

Nevertheless, there

is

somewhat

no branch of

business in which the methods have so changed for the better as to

economy

and rapidity of manufacture as in the business you are engaged in. have in my possession at this office some illustrations from the Silver

in results I

Trades Jubilee for

in

Vienna, from which you might be able to select designs

your own use. leave town to-night

I

to confer with the Secretary of the

Navy

in relation

to a participation in the demonstration

government he represents. I hope to be back by Monday.

Tuesday

next, to confer with

shall I

on the part of the department of the have to visit one or two navy-yards, but

should be glad to see you on

you

in relation to

Monday

your participation

in the

display. I

am, very respectfully, yours, A. LOUDON

To WM. H. WANAMAKER,

SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal. Esq.

or

1

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

88

PROCESSION. PHILADELPHIA, August

MY 15, in

United States,

With

I

propose, as far as

may be

possible, to indicate the in-

and material advancement made within the past century.

tellectual

this idea in view, I

propose to take transportation from the pack-

horse through the Conestoga I

17, 1887.

DEAR MR. KING, In the processional demonstration of September commemoration of the promulgation of the Constitution of the

advance

illustrate the

should also like to

introduction of the locomotive.

to the

wagon up

is in

the possession

of your company an old locomotive, which would be valuable in an display.

for the

demonstration named

in this great national celebration,

represent will desire to

company you

illus-

Have you such a locomotive, and could we secure it ? Your State is as deeply interested as my

trative

own

the

motive-power since

in

understand that there

I

fast freight car.

improved

and

I

am

quite sure that the great

do something

to

make

the civic and

industrial display not only interesting, but valuable as a great object-lesson

to our people.

Hoping

to hear

from you soon, I

remain, very truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and MarsJial.

To

T.

M. KING,

Esq.,

Second Vice-President, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Baltimore,

Md. PHILADELPHIA, August

MY

DEAR

I

SIR,

am

in receipt of

17, 1887.

your polite favor in relation to the

Junior Order of United American Mechanics of Pennsylvania, and in reply beg to say that the first communication received from the order reached this office yesterday.

him

I

have written to Mr. H.

I.

Slifer to-day,

asking

on next Tuesday, as I expect to be out of a day or two in an effort to obtain the co-operation of the

to call for consultation

the city for

Navy Department

No

in

the display of the I5th of September.

special assignment has as yet been

or individual.

I

made

should be glad to embrace

resentation of the order to

which you

refer.

in

to

any organization,

Whether

I

can, with due.

regard for the proportions of the demonstration, allow a very large to parade I cannot

answer

at the present time.

firm,

the day's display a rep-

So

far as I

number

have been

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. upon the demonstration,

able to impress character

Where

physical progress cannot be

meet Mr.

Slifer, secretary,

will indicate progress.

intellectual

illustrated,

vance should be made a prominent feature.

it

189

or moral ad-

have no doubt when

I

arrangements satisfactory to the order

will

I

be

consummated. I

am, very

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal. P.S.

make

I

should be glad to receive any suggestions you

may have

to

in regard to the subject.

To

H. ASHBRIDGE, Esq., 112 South Seventh Street. S.

PHILADELPHIA, August

MY

17, 1887.

new mode of handling

am exceedingly anxious that the old and should be illustrated in the industrial demongrain

stration of

15,

DEAR MR. POTTS,

September

I

and

in furtherance

of

my

desire call to

the kindly services of Mr. Latta, of the Pennsylvania Railroad.

you may

be able to help us

great, as the

framework

in this

to illustrate

The

matter.

my I

aid

trust

The expense would not be

an elevator,

car,

and boat could be

method of measuring grain by the put together very cheaply. bushel and half bushel, of course, would cost nothing but the mere float. old

am

endeavoring to make this demonstration as comprehensive as possible, illustrating our advance in the last century in all the lines in which we have progressed but few changes of methods have been so I

;

marked

as in the handling of bulky articles,

among

the rest grain.

The

demonstration should be valuable to us as a people, and that is the impulse that sustains me in the hard work I am going through at the present time.

Trusting you will give this matter your kindly consideration, I

am,

respectfully, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To JOSEPH D.

POTTS, Esq.,

President of Girard Point Storage Company.

AND INDUSTRIAL

CIVIC

190

PROCESSION. PHILADELPHIA, August

DEAR

Herewith

SIR,

object in view.

am

I

number of

mail a

I

19,

1887.

circulars giving index to the

by Marshal Snowden

you and make the demonstration on the

desired

to write to

your co-operation in the effort to 1 5th of September one fitting the occasion which it is intended to comThe prominent feature which it is memorate and worthy of our city. solicit

intended to impress upon the display is that of progress, not only in the mechanical and industrial arts, but in all that concerns our moral and intellectual

advance as

grown

in this city

well.

The

marks

it

large proportion to as one of the

most

which

floral culture

has

suitable to symbolize the

general growth of intellectual culture of our people.

The

general design has been to endeavor to induce those engaged in the same pursuit to combine and make a symbolic display.

Will you kindly take the matter into consideration and reply at your early convenience, or perhaps favor Marshal Snowden with an interview for consultation.

He

will

be here

after

Monday

next.

Respectfully, J.

To ROBERT

W.

CRAIG, Esq.,

HOFMANN, Chief of Staff.

President of Horticultural Society of Pennsylvania,

Forty-ninth and Market Streets, Philadelphia. PHILADELPHIA, August

MY

DEAR GENERAL,

I

23,

think an interesting exhibit could be

the advance in water-supply to

cities

through your department.

1887.

made

of

Among

other things, the improvement in pipes could be illustrated very fully

by

having some of the old wooden conduits that were taken out of the centre of the Public Buildings exhibited in contrast with a section of large main-

such as you use for distribution. spoke to Mr. Ogden in relation to saving a portion of the wooden pipe, as well as Mr. MacPherson, superintendent of public buildings here. The cost of such an exhibit as you could make would be trifling in compipes, I

parison with the interest and instruction I

am, very

it

would

truly, yours,

A.

To

afford.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal. General Louis

WAGNER,

Director of Public Works.

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. PHILADELPHIA. August

DEAR

SIR,

It is

arts in the civic 15,

the

first

and

this,

be held

industrial parade to

day of the celebration of the centennial In order to

of the promulgation of the Constitution of the United States.

secure

24, 1887.

be made of

especially desirable that a complete display

printing and all its allied on Thursday, September

191

a committee has been appointed for the purpose of asking

all

whatever they may, both by persons connected way of suggestion and by making a display of their wares or their labor. with the art to contribute

In order to secure this result in the best and most practicable manner, is

desirable that

all

it

the typographical societies of this city should co-operate

with the Printing Committee.

am

informed that a meeting of the Pressmen's Union, of which you I therefore beg leave to suggest that you are president, will be held soon. I

Union and ask

lay this letter before the

power

to assist in

making

it

do whatever may

to

the display a success.

founders, manufacturers of printers' ink, presses, all

lie in its

A

large number of typefolders, paper-cutters, and

the machinery used in printing-offices, have promised their co-operation

in this matter.

It is

of the parade, and

it

expected that the printing exhibit will form a section is hoped that a considerable number of the members

of your Union and of representatives from others in different parts of the

country

may

feel

disposed to take part in the parade, and thus

public what a complete art that of printing Similar communications have been sent

lies in their

power

to

Union and

to the Typographical

the Typographical Society, the presidents of

whatever

show the

is.

whom

have promised to do It has been

promote the object in view.

suggested that you, Mr. Neilson, president of Typographical Union, No.

and Mr. Comly, president of the Typographical Society,

members of the committee, should hold a meeting devising any plan which might be thought practicable display.

pleased,

all

of

for the

whom

purpose of

for taking part in the

This suggestion strikes me as a very good one, and meets with your approval, to have it carried out.

I

should be

if it

Commending

the matter to yourself and the Union at I

am, very

its

next meeting.

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal,

To HOWARD ROMIG, Care of Sherman

Esq.,

&

Co.,

Seventh

&

Cherry

2,

are

Streets.

1

CIVIC

92

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

PHILADELPHIA,

P*A.,

August 30, 1887.

new GENTLEMEN, hope methods of manufacturing carpets in contrast with the old, as well as the Could you not interest yourself to see that this is done? It products. to illustrate in the line of the procession the

I

would make

it more advantageous to your house than by an exhibit which would only present product. All exhibitors are entitled to have their names and addresses on the articles exhibited as well as on the trucks.

would

I

like to confer with you. I

am, very

respectfully,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To

Messrs. BOYD,

WHITE &

No. 1216 Chestnut

Co.,

Street.

PHILADELPHIA, August

30, 1887.

have the honor to renew the request which I made SIR, relation to your department contributing an exhibit of the I

in

in

person

life-saving

on the I5th of Seppart to celebrate the centennial of the Con-

service in the industrial demonstration in this city

tember, which stitution of the

is

intended in

United States.

The demonstration and benevolence, this

is

will

embrace

all

illustrating the progress

is

made

art,

education,

within the last century.

As

perhaps the last of the great centennial events associated with the

formation of our government which it

branches of industry,

we

be permitted to celebrate, desired that every feature of the celebration be as complete as pos-

sible.

As

in

character,

its

will

the life-saving service attached to your department

is

modern

with modern appliances, and has been especially dis-

tinguished

for

nature to

make a

its

humanitarian

work, and as

its

appliances are of a

suggestive and interesting exhibit,

I

trust

that

Mr.

Kemble, chief of the bureau, may receive authority to make such an exhibit I know he can.

as

would not only be valuable to the people at large, who will gather all sections of the country to see what appliances the government

It

here from

has for saving

which I

is

human

life,

but will also be of advantage to the department,

supported by the people at large.

had the pleasure of discussing

this question

very fully with Judge

APPENDIX TO THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL. assistant secretary,

Maynard,

this service

is

under whose special supervision

I

193

understand

placed.

Depending upon your generous support, I

remain, respectfully,

Your obedient

servant,

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

A.

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To Hon. H.

S.

THOMPSON,

Acting Secretary of the Treasury,

Washington, D. C. PHILADELPHIA, PA., August

MY

DEAR MR. KEMBLE,

I

30, 1887.

have written to Mr. Thompson, acting Sec-

retary of the Treasury, in relation to the subject of the exhibit of the

saving service.

will

it

&

also sent a messenger to see Messrs. Goodell

I

in relation to the

new

carriage they are building.

not be completed in time.

One

They express

life-

Waters

regret that

of your old carriages will have,

therefore, to be used. I

so that

and

when you

wish, I

receive authority to proceed,

may have arrangements made

after the

men from

will

to take care of

Also to arrange

demonstration.

you

keep

me

posted,

your exhibit before

for the transportation of the

They could come up here in the morning by an early man the boat but perhaps it would be best to train, have them come up the night before. Some one of your men ought to be the coast.

and be here

in time to

;

detailed to take charge of the matter.

I

would

timely notice of the sizes of the boats, so that for the trucks

upon which they

Hoping

to hear

will

like, also, to

I

have due and

could have supports

be hauled through the

from you soon,

Very

I

made

streets.

remain,

truly, yours,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To Mr. KEMBLE, Chief of Life-Saving Service,

Treasury Department, Washington, D. C. PHILADELPHIA, August

MY 1

5

DEAR

there

has been VOL.

is

SIR,

one feature

made IT.

26

31, 1887.

In the civic and industrial demonstration of September I

would

like to illustrate,

in the educational

that

system of our country.

is,

the advance that

CIVIC

194

The type.

AND INDUSTRIAL

PROCESSION.

University of Pennsylvania will participate, and illustrate

With

this I

would

like

very much

to

its

highest

embrace a representation of the

common-school system.

How

this

however, that

can best be done

you would

call

I

am

not prepared to say.

at this office

I

would

2 P.M., to consult with other school representatives as to the best

like, I,

at

mode

of

to-morrow, September

illustration. I

am, very

respectfully,

A.

LOUDON SNOWDEN,

Chairman of Committee and Marshal.

To JAMES FREEBORN,

Esq.,

Chairman Boys' High

School.

MILITARY DISPLAY, SEPTEMBER

16, 1887.

REPORT OF CLINTON

P.

PAINE,

CHAIRMAN OF THE MILITARY COMMITTEE.

PHILADELPHIA, October

15, 1887.

To THE Hon. JOHN A. KASSON, Constitutional

President,

AMOS R.

LITTLE, Esq.,

Centennial

Chairman Executive Committee,

HAMPTON

Commission :

L. CARSON, Esq., Secretary,

GENTLEMEN, in

The Committee on

Military Display, appointed

furtherance of the second of the propositions

for

the

cele-

bration of the Constitutional Centennial, adopted at the session

of your Commission, held on the 2d of December,

nated to

invite,

organize, and

United States by each of

its

and desig-

the representation of the

manage military

last,

and naval

service,

and of

the several States and Territories, and the District of Columbia,

by

their militia

and volunteer

service,

the President of the United States

was

of which representation to

be requested to desig-

nate the officer to command, respectfully submits follows

its

report, as

:

The Committee met

on Tuesday, June 7, 1887, the commissioner from the State of Maryland, General for organization

Clinton P. Paine, designated by your Commission as its presiding Colonel Theodore E. Wiedersheim was officer, in the chair. 195

MILITARY DISPLAY.

196

chosen permanent secretary, and the following-named gentlemen were then and subsequently elected to and accepted membership :

Major-General

JOHN

F.

HARTRANFT, Commander, N. G.

Division "

WILLIAM

S.

Adjutant-General, "

Pa.

STRYKER,

New

Jersey.

New

York.

JOSIAH PORTER, Adjutant-General,

"

HENRY A. AXLINE, Adjutant-General, Ohio.

"

JAMES HOWARD, Adjutant-General, Maryland.

Brigadier-General JAMES MACDONALD,

Adjutant-General, Virginia. "

DANIEL H. HASTINGS,

"

GEORGE R. SNOWDEN, Commanding First

"

JAMES W.

Adjutant-General, Pennsylvania. Brigade, N. G. Pa.

LATTA,

Ex-Adj utant-General, Pennsylvania. Colonel "

ROBERT

P. DECHERT, Second Regiment

S.

W.

BONNAFFON, Jr., Third Regiment P.

Infantry, N. G. Pa.

Infantry,

N. G. Pa.

BOWMAN,

Regiment Infantry, N. G. Lieutenant-Colonel GEORGE H. NORTH, First

Pa.

Assistant Adjutant-General Division, N. G. Pa.

"

ALEXANDER KRUMBHAAR, Assistant Adjutant-General, Pennsylvania.

"

CHARLES

S.

GREENE,

Division Quartermaster, N. G. Pa.

Major R. F. .CULLINAN, Quartermaster First Brigade, N. G. Pa.

The Committee

held frequent meetings,

the Commission, No. 907

Walnut

Street,

first

at the

rooms of

and then permanently

REPORT OF CLINTON 'P. PAINE.

197

headquarters at the division headquarters of the National Guard in the City Hall, courteously tendered by Major-

established

its

General John F. Hartranft. Here for remained continuously in attendance.

From

the beginning there

attendance of the

to

up met was

the secretary

was every promise of so large an its realization was scarcely to be

was accepted, however, that the numbers would be the promise, and the first question of moment to be,

It

expected. fully

militia that

many weeks

to provide such a host with quarters.

The

proposition

necessarily throwing the soldiers to an un-

an encampment, reasonable distance from the centre of for

festivities,

involving labored

preparations for supplying and preparing subsistence, and attended with great expense, was abandoned. It was, therefore, determined to secure all the armories of the local militia, such halls as were available,

figure far

and a number of empty buildings. This was done at a below the cost of the encampment, and the military who

attended the celebration were furnished with lodging, and accommodated so acceptably that there was a general expression of

Committee's arrangements. Subsistence was commuted by the very fair allowance of your Commission at fifty cents per man per diem, for a period not ex-

satisfaction with the

ceeding three days. Where the States had not directly appropriated funds for this purpose, this sum was paid upon the returns of

commanding officers, attested by the adjutants-general of States, and went far towards discharging what was paid for neces-

the

sary supplies.

Some

soldiers with food,

of the

States

bountifully supplied

their

and provided most commodious quarters.

The Committee take pleasure in stating that of the generous sum of forty thousand dollars, proposed to be put at its disposal by the Centennial Commission, they have expended only twentyeight thousand dollars, as appears from vouchers heretofore submitted for your approval.

The

transportation

facilities

were under the

direct supervision

1

MILITAR Y DISPLA

98

of Mr. William

Y.

Latta, general agent of the Pennsylvania Rail-

J.

road, the chairman of your Transportation

and experience he added

skill

To

Committee.

his

untiring personal labors, and

his

accomplished without accident, and with exceptional regularity of schedule time, hampered by the burden of a most unusual pasas great a feat of railway enterprise in the moveof troops as has ever been known in this vicinity, and traffic,

senger

ment

probably elsewhere. most voluminous correspondence was conducted throughout At first in answer to all the period of the Committee's labors.

A

inquiries before plans

;

character, in a in the

definite

shape

;

then the tender

receiving and acknowledging acceptances and explaining to the numerous bodies of a semi-military

of the invitations declinations

had taken a

;

way

to avoid the least possible friction,

column must be denied them

why

a place

and, finally, that concerning of minor detail of matters too wide a range for classinumberless ;

fication.

That the

parade only might be were the forbidden column, and the parcarriages were confined exclusively to the army, marine corps, and

maintained ticipants

essential features of a military

all

navy, the regularly organized National several States, Territories,

and the

Guard and

militia

of the

District of Columbia, the cadet

corps of schools, colleges, and regiments, the Grand Army of the Republic, and the Sons of Veterans under its direction.

That the harmonies of the occasion might be preserved, it was directed that, after the forces of the army, marine corps, and navy, the National that

had

Guard and

militia

ratified the Constitution in

should follow,

first

by States

the order of their ratification,

and then by States that had been admitted into the Union in the order of their admission. There was no representation from the Territories,

the troops.

Army

and the

The

Columbia brought up the rear of column was to be followed by the Grand

District of

military

of the Republic division, and with

it

the

Sons of Veterans.

REPORT OF CLINTON The governors

of the several States

P.

PAINE,

whose

199

military

was

Those of

ance were invited to ride at the head of their troops.

Delaware, Pennsylvania, land, Ohio,

Not

New

Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut,

Iowa accepted the invitation,

and

in attend-

and did

Mary-

so.

the least readily solvable of the propositions laid out for

Committee's solution was to secure the compliance of the President of the United States with the Commission's request to

the

designate an officer to command. It was desirable, of course, that the officer should be of the highest rank and most distin-

guished prominence, with a reputation earned on the battle-field, which had made him as well the military hero of the people as the foremost chieftain of the nation.

The sympathies

of the general

and the generous and hearty cooperation of the President secured. These desires were fully met, and the end sought for accomplished, when, by the order of the

government were

finally enlisted,

President, Philip H. Sheridan, the lieutenant-general of the army,

was designated as the commanding officer. Nor did the President stop here he consented to, and did, as the conimander-in;

army and navy of

chief of the

the United States, formally review

column, a column which for numbers, discipline, and efficiency no President, or any other officer, ever reviewed before in the

time of peace.

The Secretary

of the Navy, by the President's directions, ordered the North Atlantic Squadron to rendezvous at the port Philadelphia,

and

for

upwards of a week the

citizens of Philadel-

phia and the visitors at the celebration enjoyed the unusual opportunity of a personal acquaintance with five United States menof-war

:

Dolphin.

the

Richmond, Atlanta, Ossipee, Galena, Yantic, and Rear-Admiral S. B. Luce, the commanding officer of

the squadron, very generously threw his ships open to the public, and for days thousands of our citizens and sojourners took advan-

tage of the invitation andjDoured over the gangways. received most courteously, and no efforts were

They

spared by

were,

either

MILITAR Y DISPLA

200

the officers, or sailors, to point out furnish

information desired.

all

At

all

the

Koningen Emma, happened

of-war,

divided the

of

attention

the

Y.

matters of interest and

same time the Dutch manin

our waters, and

people with the vessels

fairly

of

the

squadron.

The of the

result of the 1

Committee's work culminated

in the

The weather was most

6th of September.

pageant

propitious,

the air bracing, the people good-humored, and the soldiers satisSubstantially the

fied.

and

tion,

was

in route,

forma-

by the lieutenant-general, and the executed gave to Philadelphia and the country it

detail

plan skilfully

scheme of the Committee

ratified

not an extravagance to so put it the best military parade ever produced, save when the nation's patriotism summoned to the

is

ranks her sturdy volunteers to do battle for her safety. thousands lined the sidewalks and crowded the stands.

Orderly

A

delphia audience, always appreciative, but proverbial for lidity,

unbent

chiefs,

flags,

fair

its

sto-

Shouts and plaudits rent the air, handkerand banners waved unceasingly. Strong men and itself.

women were

chieftain,

Phila-

incessant in their demonstrations.

fresh with

No

military

the laurels of his proudest victories, ever

received such a tremendous ovation as did Lieutenant-General

Sheridan from the beginning to the conclusion of the march. The governors kept the enthusiasm alive the excellent marching, fine ;

borne by the Grand Army of the Republic elicited protracted applause. No city ever saw such a gala sight as the crowded stands on Broad Street, notably at

bands and honored

battle-flags

the City Hall, the President's reviewing-stand, the the hotels, hit

it

and others

when he

in

A

that vicinity.

styled that

highway

"

Union League,

correspondent happily

Philadelphia's great amphi-

theatre."

The column moved promptly

hour designated, and the route was completed by the right of the line in about three hours.

It

passed

in

at the

review before the lieutenant-general at a

REPORT OF CLINTON

P.

PAINE.

2OI

remained to end the propoint where the countermarch alone It was the largest body cession, in three hours and ten minutes.

The

of American soldiers ever assembled, except in time of war.

army was represented by two troops of

cavalry,

two

light

and

five

by detachments from all the navy-yards north of the Potomac and the squadron, and the navy by a landEvery State on the ing-party of sailors organized as a brigade. Atlantic seaboard, save Florida, Vermont, and New Hampshire, and New Hampshire was present with its governor and his milifoot batteries, the marines

tary

staff,

was there

and National Guard.

New York

in

greater or less proportion by

Pennsylvania had

all

hers,

its

militia

Delaware

all

New

Jersey a brigade, Maryland a brigade, Massachusetts a regiment and its first corps of cadets, Maine a regiment, Rhode Island a battalion, Connecticut her hers,

a brigade,

ancient and honorable Governor's Footguard, Virginia four com-

North Carolina one, and Georgia one. From west of the Mississippi, Iowa sent a company. Of the

panies, South Carolina two,

Ohio a regiment and of the later States admitted, West Virginia had two companies, and the District of Columbia ten companies. oldest

and largest of the Western

States,

The march was maintained without

;

halt,

break, or check that

The column was at all times well closed The up, and the distances well preserved. men maintained a soldiery carriage, stepped with alacrity, moved with precision. At the President's reviewing stand there was

interrupted or interfered with

its

movement.

neither halt nor hesitancy that sensibly affected the review. This was the more commendable, as immediately beyond all fronts were

and a change of direction required. The who had no other opportunity to know of the composi-

necessarily reduced, spectator,

tion of the column, except as

he saw

on parade, could have reached but the one conclusion, that the troops that were passing were a body of soldiery, paid, trained, and disciplined as such as their only pursuit VOL.

it.

27

and business.

it

MILITARY DISPLAY,

202

The telegraph

were of

stations established along the route

and the frequent appearance of the Red Cross Society badge gave assurance and confidence that professional and experienced aid was at hand to minister, where mishap or material assistance,

accident

The

demanded

its

police service

were held

presence.

was most

to their places,

efficient.

All in the great throng

and the highways

left clear

structed for the free passage of the procession

whole course of

To ment.

its

and unob-

throughout the

progress.

the public approval, the press added most generous com-

The complaints

that usually attend the discomforts ordi-

narily following large gatherings

were conspicuously wanting.

In

was a general expression of satisfaction at the excellent accommodations and well-appointed provisions made for the contheir stead

venience of so great an assemblage. The free use of the wires of the Western Union Telegraph Company were generously tendered the Committee. Besides a great saving of expense, where the use of the telegraph was absolutely essential, the courtesy of a free wire permitted a large amount of business to be transacted with promptness and despatch

which would otherwise

have been

unavoidably and

tediously

delayed.

On

ComUnion League House to

the evening of the i6th, under the auspices of the

mittee, a reception

was given

at the

and National Guard, and to which also the distinguished guests who were present in the The reception, city participating in the celebration were invited. the officers of the army, navy, marine corps,

a

brilliant gathering, largely attended,

and an

affair

was honored by the presence of many of high an attendance of

officers larger than

of

good

distinction

results,

and by

ever graced a like occasion

here.

The men sion

was a

of force and determination selected for the Commis-

sufficient

assurance of the success of the celebration,

REPORT OF CLINTON

P.

PAINE.

203

exceeded even what they had promised themselves. It is rarely that a scheme so vast is fulfilled to its uttermost. Essentially this enterprise reached such a conbut

its

ultimate results

must have

far

summation.

was anticipated the Commission would seek to give to their labors historic significance. With this in view, for the preservation It

of the

names of

in the parade,

the officers,

and the number of men participating

General Sheridan,

order directing the arrangements, suggested that his headquarters be furnished with a field These directions have been return, supplying such information. in his

complied with, and, as a part of and an appendix to this report, such return is submitted. To this is also added copies of all circulars issued

by the Committee, together with the orders of the

lieutenant-general.

Your Committee would not justice

if

it

failed

to

signify

feel

its

that

it

had been done

appreciation of the

full

ceaseless

civility, and wholesome care of the exchequer ever manifested by its very efficient secretary, Colonel Theodore

activity, habitual

E. Wiedersheim.

CLINTON

P.

PAINE, Chairman.

MILITAR Y DISPLA Y.

204

ORDER OF THE PROCESSION. COLUMN moved

at eleven A.M., over the following

route

:

Form-

ing at Broad and Wharton, Broad to Chestnut, to Fifth, to Market, to Broad, to

Columbia Avenue, countermarched south to Arch, and

dismissed.

Platoon of mounted Reserve Police Officers, Lieutenant Brodie. Lieutenant- General PHILIP H. SHERIDAN, U.S.A.,

Brigadier-General JAMES

W. LATTA,

Chief of

commanding.

Staff.

Lieutenant-Colonel Michael V. Sheridan, U.S.A., LieutenStaff. ant-Colonel Sandford E. Kellogg, U.S.A., Lieutenant-Colonel Stanhope E. Blunt, U.S.A., Major Robert O'Reilly, U.S.A., Lieutenant W. N.

Reeder, U.S.N., Surgeon M. L. Ruth, U.S.N. Aides-de-Camp.Rngz.dier-General J. K. Sigfried, Brigadier-General J. William Hofmann, Brigadier-General H. S. Huidekoper, Brigadier-General Frank Reeder, Brigadier-General Presly N. Guthrie, Brigadier-General Louis Wagner, Brigadier-General Russell Thayer, Brigadier-General William H. McCartney, Colonel John P. Nicholson, Colonel William G. Moore, Colo-

H. Ernest Goodman, Colonel Theodore E. Wiedersheim, Colonel .Carpenter, Colonel B. Frank Eshleman, Colonel James H. Lambert, Colonel Robert Adams, Jr., Colonel P. Lacy Goddard, Colonel W. S. Thomas, Major Charles Styer, Captain John M. Vanderslice. nel

Emlen N.

And

as the representatives of their respective States

:

Lieutenant- Colonel G. Jefferson Hart, Delaware; Colonel Lewis Read, Pennsylvania; Lieutenant-Colonel William H. Ross, Georgia; Lieutenant Joseph T. Elliott, Connecticut; Colonel Edward Currier,

W.

Massachusetts; Colonel Heinrich C. Tieck, Maryland; LieutenantColonel W. C. McGowan, South Carolina Brigadier-General Daniel D. ;

Wylie,

New York

;

Major

Cameron, North Carolina

W. ;

Miles Cary, Virginia Colonel Benehan Colonel Howard Smith, Rhode Island ;

;

Brigadier-General George L. Beal, Maine Major-General William L. Alexander, Iowa; Colonel J. Garland Hurst, West Virginia. ;

42

REPORT OF CLINTON

P.

PAINE.

205

FIRST TROOP PHILADELPHIA CITY CAVALRY. First Lieutenant Joseph Lapsley Wilson,

Second Lieutenant John R.

Fell,

commanding.

Cornet James Rawle.

52

UNITED STATES TROOPS. Brevet Brigadier-General Richard H. Jackson, U.S.A., commanding. First Lieutenant W. H. Coffin, Acting Assistant AdjutantStaff. General; First Lieutenant W. R. Hamilton, Quartermaster; Lieutenant W. N. Suter, Assistant Surgeon.

First

Major L. H. Carpenter, Fifth Cavalry, commanding. Troop B, Fourth Cavalry, Captain Henry W. Lawton, Second Lieutenant R. D. Walsh.

Troop tenant

W.

George S. Anderson, First LieuSecond Lieutenant B. K. West.

B, Sixth Cavalry, Captain Baird,

Battery E, Third Artillery, Captain James M. Lancaster, First Lieutenant S Pratt, Second Lieutenant J. D. C. Hoskins. Battery I, Fifth Artillery, Captain George W. Crabb, First Lieutenant B. K. Roberts, Second Lieutenant John Ruckman. Battery C, Fifth Artillery, Captain Charles Morris, First Lieutenant D. D. Johnson, Second Lieutenant H. C. Carbaugh. Battery M, Fifth Artillery, Captain Selden A. Day, First Lieutenant T. R. Adams, Second Lieutenant G. W. S. Stevens.

Battery E, Fifth Artillery, Captain Paul Roemer, Second Lieutenant L. O. Ostheim.

Light Battery C, Third Artillery, Major John G. Turnbull, First Lieutenant B. H. Randolph, Second Lieutenant C. A. Bennett. Light Battery F, Fifth Artillery, Captain J. R. Brinkle, First LieuJ. Reilly, Second Lieutenant H. C. Blunt.

tenant H.

UNITED STATES NAVY. Officers

and Sailors of the North Atlantic Squadron, United States

Navy.

Rear-Admiral

S. B.

Luce, U.S.N., commanding.

NAVAL BRIGADE,

PARADING.

FROM THE NORTH ATLANTIC SQUADRON.

Commander William

B. Hoff, commanding Brigade. Lieutenant A. C. Dillingham, Adjutant-General Paymaster H. T. B. Harris, Brigade Commissary; Surgeon A. F. Magruder, Brigade ;

428

MILITARY DISPLAY.

206

Surgeon Lieutenant G. W. Mentz, Brigade Quartermaster Engineer R. F. Hall, Aid. ;

;

Assistant

MARINE BATTALION. Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel James Forney, U.S.M.C., commanding. Lieutenant Lincoln Karmony, U.S.M.C., Adjutant. First

William

Company, Captain Louis

E. Fagan,

commanding; Lieutenant

P. Biddle.

Second Company, Lieutenant O. C. Berryman, commanding Lieutenant F. L. Denny. Third Company, Lieutenant W. F. Spicer, commanding; Lieu;

tenant

Thomas N. Wood.

Fourth Company, Captain F. H. Harrington, commanding tenant

;

Lieu-

Henry Whiting.

Fifth

tenant C.

Company, Lieutenant M. Perkins.

Sixth Company, Lieutenant

B. R.

Russell,

Henry G.

commanding

;

Lieu-

Ellsworth, commanding.

Seventh Company, Lieutenant George T. Bates, commanding. Eighth Company, Captain W. S. Muse, commanding Lieutenant ;

C.

A. Doyen. Marine Band, Markers, and Field Music.

340

FIRST BATTALION OF BLUE-JACKETS. Lieutenant-Colonel L. C. Logan, commanding.

Ensign C. M. Knepper, Adjutant; Assistant Surgeon I. W. Kite, Regimental Surgeon. Naval First Company, Lieutenant William Kilburn, commanding Cadet Lieutenant W. G. McMillan. ;

Second Company, Ensign F. W. Kellogg, commanding; Naval Cadet Lieutenant F. E. Swanstrom. Third Company, Ensign Thomas Snowden, commanding. Fourth Company, Naval Cadet H. L. Peckham, commanding. Fifth

Company, Ensign

F. A. Huntoon,

commanding.

Sixth Company, Lieutenant Samuel Seabury, Cadet Lieutenant W. B. Moseley.

commanding

;

Naval

SECOND BATTALION OF BLUE-JACKETS. Lieutenant-Colonel A. B. Spyers, commanding.

Ensign E. F. Leper, Adjutant; Assistant Surgeon A. R. Wentworth, Regimental Surgeon.

214

REPORT OF CLINTON First

Company, Lieutenant W.

P.

P.

Clason,

PAINE.

207

commanding; Naval

Cadet Lieutenant George Breed.

Second Company, Lieutenant W. G. Cutler, commanding. Third Company, Ensign B. C. Dent, commanding; Naval Cadet Lieutenant L. L. Young.

Fourth Company, Lieutenant T. D. Cadet Lieutenant C. C. Craig.

Griffin,

commanding; Naval

Company, Lieutenant B. A. Fiske, commanding Lieutenant W. H. G. Bullard. ARTILLERY. Fifth

;

Naval Cadet 180

Lieutenant-Colonel A. P. Nazro, commanding.

Ensign C.

S. Williams, Adjutant.

First Platoon, Lieutenant

John M. Orchard, commanding; Naval

Cadet Frank M. Russell, Chief of Section.

Second Platoon, Lieutenant John Gibson, commanding; Naval Cadet F. H. Brown, Chief of Section. Third Platoon, Ensign J. B. Cahoon, commanding Naval Cadet ;

F.

J.

W.

Jenkins, Chief of Section. Fourth Platoon, Lieutenant H. Taylor, commanding; Navel Cadet W. Oman, Chief of Section.

Band from

173

Flag-ship, seventeen men.

Pioneers, seventeen men.

Stretchermen, twenty-four men. Total, 971

men

landed.

Marine Band and Field Music,

fifty-five

men.

Total

.

1026

DELAWARE. BENJAMIN T. BIGGS. Brigadier-General Richard R. Kenney, Adjutant-General; Staff. Colonel George M. D. Hart, Quartermaster; Colonel Benjamin WhitGovernor.

Quartermaster; Colonel Everett J. Hickman, Quartermaster; Lieutenant-Colonel Garrett J. Hart, Inspector of Rifle Practice. Aidesde-Camp. Colonel John T. Layfield and Colonel William H. Stevens. ley,

FIRST REGIMENT. Colonel Samuel M.

Wood, commanding.

J. Jr., Quartermaster A. D. Chaytor, Fred. and Weller, Major Surgeon William H. Marshall, Commissary Assistant Surgeon O. D. Robinson.

Staff.

Adjutant

N. Harmon,

8

MILITAR Y DISPLA Y.

208

Company A,

Captain Edward Mitchell,

First Lieutenant William

Jr.,

Floyd, Second Lieutenant William A. Hanna. B, Captain George W. Marshall, First Lieutenant Fred. Second Lieutenant Harris L. Paige.

Company C. Wiswell,

Company C, Captain I. Pusey Wickersham, First Lieutenant E. H. Rhodes, Second Lieutenant George B. Fisher. Company D, Captain Robert J. Simmons, First Lieutenant H. J. Enright, Second Lieutenant Casper Miller. ,

Company E, Captain Charles M. Carey, First Lieutenant Charles R. Garton, Second Lieutenant F. E. Thomas. Company F, Captain William Condon, First Lieutenant Thomas Kane, Second Lieutenant William Glenn. Company G, Captain William H. Boyce, P"irst Lieutenant Charles L. Moore, Second Lieutenant Charles W. Cullen. Company H,

Captain George

Company

I,

Captain Isaac

Kenney, Second Lieutenant

J.

J.

W.

Wootten, First Lieutenant Samuel L.

Dallas Marvil.

TROOP Captain Thomas

Eckles, First Lieutenant Frank

Evan G. Boyd.

E. Sharpless, Second Lieutenant

B.

B. Rice, First Lieutenant Charles E. Stevenson,

Second Lieutenant Savoy Evans. Total Delaware

......

438

446

PENNSYLVANIA. JAMES A. BEAVER. Brigadier-General D. H. Hastings, Adjutant-General LieuStaff. tenant-Colonel Alexander Krumbhaar, Assistant Adjutant-General; Colonel J. Granville Leach, Commissary-General Colonel Samuel W. Governor.

;

;

Quartermaster-General Colonel L. W. Read, Surgeon-General Colonel John I. Rogers, Judge-Advocate-General; Colonel A. D. Hepburn, Inspector-General; Colonel Louis A. Watres, General InHill,

;

;

Thomas

Hudson, Chief of ArJames H. Lambert, tillery. Thomas Osborne, Jr., William H. Taber, Lewis Walker, John H. Sanderson, John K. Robison, Robert Adams, Jr., Joseph H. Gray, and spector of Rifle Practice

Aides-de-Camp.

Thomas

;

Colonel

J.

Lieutenant-Colonels

Potter, Jr.

Captain C. S. W. Jones, First Lieutenant G. Gensamer, Second Lieutenant T. M. Fleck, Assistant Surgeon E. O. M. Haberacker.

19

Escort of Sheridan Troop.

53

REPORT OF CLINTON Division

Commander.

P.

PAINE.

2OQ

Major-General JOHN F. HARTRANFT.

Lieutenant-Colonel George H. North, Assistant AdjutantLieutenant-Colonel Charles S. Greene, Quartermaster Lieutenant-Colonel J. Ewing Hears, Surgeon-in-Chief Lieutenant-Colonel Staff.

General

;

;

;

W.

Judge Advocate Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel S. HartCommissary; Lieutenant-Colonel E. O. Shakespeare, Inspector of Rifle Practice; Lieutenant-Colonel William J. Elliott, Inspector; Lieutenant-Colonel Walter G. Wilson, Ordnance Officer. Aides-deCamp. Majors John B. Compton, William W. Brown, Charles E. Richmond, Edward W. Patton, John G. Lee, Barton D. Evans, and the non-commissioned officers: Sergeant- Major Thomas S. Martin, Commissary-Sergeant W. Ross Foster, Chief Musician Herman von Tagen, Silas

Pettit,

;

ranft,

20

Color-Sergeant Jacob Greene.

FIRST BRIGADE. Brigadier-General George R. Snowden, commanding.

Major Charles H. Townsend, Assistant Adjutant-General S. Huidekoper, Surgeon Major Ralph F. Cullinan, W. Quartermaster; Major James ^Cooke, Commissary; Major T. DeWitt Cuyler, Judge Advocate Major William Struthers, Ordnance Officer; Major A. L. Wetherill, Inspector. Aides-de-Camp. Captains Roberts Vaux and James A. Campbell, and the following non-comStaff.

;

Major Rush

;

;

missioned officers

:

Charles

Sergeant-Major John D. Worman, QuartermasterB.

Commissary-Sergeant J. S. Walker, Ordnance-Sergeant George Color-Bearer-Sergeant Sergeant

Falck,

Bickerton, Trumpeter-Sergeant

Singer,

George

Henry Williams.

FIRST BRIGADE BAND.

SECOND REGIMENT. Colonel Robert P. Dechert, commanding.

O. C. Bosbyshell, Major J. Biddle Porter. A. H. Staff. Adjutant Hartung, Quartermaster John A. Franks, ComC. A. missary Widmayer, Surgeon Eugene Townsend, Assistant Surgeons, Washington H. Baker and Herman Burgin, Chaplain Rev. H. C. McCook, D.D., Paymaster James F. Breuil. Lieutenant-Colonel

Company A, Captain John P. Durang, Lieutenant Elias Shertz. Company H, Captain George W. Ahrens, First Lieutenant John F. Flaherty.

F, Captain Charles H. Worman, First Lieutenant John Second Lieutenant John R. Matlack, Jr. Bowen, Company C, Captain J. E. Valentine, Lieutenant H. S. Clark.

Company

C.

VOL.

II.

28

16

2O

2

I

MILITA R Y DISPLA

O Company D,

Captain

Y.

F. Stevenson, First Lieutenant F. A. Lee,

J.

Second Lieutenant Moses C. Courter. Captain W. C. Cunningham, First Lieutenant H. Swaim, Second Lieutenant Wm. Macintosh, M.D.

Company

I,

Company K,

First

M.

Lieutenant Theodore Gepfert, Second Lieu-

tenant A. F. Weihenmayer.

Company B, Captain W. H. Davis, First Lieutenant E. Howell, Second Lieutenant W. C. Bean. Company

G, Captain Second Lieutenant J. P.

Company

J.

T. Hughes, First Lieutenant G.

W.

Budd

Garvin,

Bowman.

E, Captain P. H. Jacobus, Lieutenant M.

J.

Tierney.

541

SIXTH REGIMENT. Colonel John

W.

Schall,

commanding.

Lieutenant-Colonel P. M. Washabaugh, Major H. A. Shenton.

Adjutant T. J. Stuart, Quartermaster Jesse M. Baker, SurStaff. geon J. K. Weaver, Assistant Surgeons William J. Ashenfelter and John A. Fell, Chaplain Daniel H. Kepner.

Company

F, of Norristown, Captain

Harry Jacobs, tenant Harry Souders, Second Lieutenant Samuel Curl.

Company A, Lieutenant

J.

First

Lieu-

of Pottstown, Captain William E. Schuyler, First Second Lieutenant Lyman Missimer.

F. Tonnelier,

Company I, of West Chester, Captain S. M. Paxson, First Lieutenant M. C. Muir, Second Lieutenant H. M. Philips. Company

B, of Chester, Captain F. G. Sweeney, First Lieutenant

G. C. DeLannoy.

Company H,

of Media, Captain

W.

R. Carson, First Lieutenant

V. Gilpin Robinson.

Company C, of Conshohocken, Captain W. B. Nungesser, First Lieutenant Franklin Harrison, Second Lieutenant G. W. Rogers. Company D,

of Phoenixville, Captain L. R. Walters, First Lieu-

W. A. LaTouch, Second Lieutenant L. H. King. Company G, of Doylestown, Captain H. D. Paxson,

tenant

tenant F. B. Atler, Second Lieutenant

J.

First Lieu-

H. Wilson.

330

THIRD REGIMENT. Colonel Sylvester Bonnafifon,

Jr.,

commanding.

Lieutenant-Colonel John P. Denney.

Staff.

Adjutant

J.

Redfearn, Quartermaster John Rodgers, Major and Surgeon

Frank

W. W.

REPORT OF CLINTON Lamb, Assistant Surgeons Robert

S.

P.

PAINE,

211

Wharton and W. A. Edwards,

and the non-commissioned officers Sergeant-Major W. W. Irwin, Hospital Steward Louis Ancker, Commissary-Sergeant William J. Ryan, Quartermaster-Sergeant Frank A. Russell, Drum Major W. P. :

Taggart. Captain Francis Hoguet, First Lieutenant Charles R. Miller, Second Lieutenant Robert Turner.

Company H,

Company C, Captain Thomas H. Maginniss, First Lieutenant Frank A. Boyer, Second Lieutenant Frank Denney. Company A, Captain Leander C. Hall, Jr., First Lieutenant Harry A. Mitchell. Company G, Company D, Company B,

Thomas Ryan,

Captain

First Lieutenant G.

J.

Jr.

Gillespie.

Captain George W. Harris, First Lieutenant M. Dunn, Second Lieutenant W. C. Hazleton.

Company Company

E, Captain

Thomas A. Edwards.

F, Captain

John

C.

J.

Thompson.

340

FIRST REGIMENT. Colonel Wendell

P.

Bowman, commanding.

Lieutenant-Colonel Staff.

Adjutant

Surgeon Edward Practice G.

W.

T.

E.

Huffington,

J.

Lewis

Good.

Conrad, Quartermaster F. P. Koons, Assistant Martin, First Lieutenant and Inspector of Rifle

Coulston. First Lieutenant

Thomas

Captain C. T. Kensil, First Lieutenant F. B.

Thomp-

E, Captain James Muldoon, Lieutenant C. F. Crane.' Second Earley,

Company

Company H,

Second Lieutenant W.

son,

Major

P. 'S.

J.

Moore.

Company A, Second Lieutenant Kirk W. Magill. Company B, Captain William Ewing, First Lieutenant George Pfouts,

C, Captain M. W. Orme, First Lieutenant R. G. Second Lieutenant W. P. Homer.

Company son,

L.

Second Lieutenant William Cairns.

Company

I,

Captain

J.

Dallett Roberts,

Second Lieutenant

Stin-

W.

E.

Kercher.

Company

F, Captain George Eiler, Brod, Second Lieutenant T. E. Heath.

Jr.,

First Lieutenant William

Company G, Captain A. L. Williams, First Lieutenant G. K. Morehead, Second Lieutenant Josiah Torr.

2

1

MILITAR Y DISPLA

2

Y.

Captain R. R. Bringhurst, First Lieutenant A. Second Lieutenant George D. Street. Company D, Captain H. O. Hastings, First Lieutenant H. Crump.

Company K,

Diamond,

J.

Jr.,

J.

520

BATTALION OF STATE FENCIBLES. Major W. Wes. Chew, commanding. Staff. Quartermaster John H. BenA. Assistant F. ner, Chaplain Henry Hoyt, Surgeon M. Dwight, of Rifle Lieutenant and Practice First Inspector James G. Ganly.

Adjutant Charles Berger.

Company A, S.

Condon,

Jr.,

Company

Captain W. A. Witherup, First Lieutenant Morris Second Lieutenant John D. Bassett.

B, Captain

George W. Rea, First Lieutenant Joseph

C,

W. H. Schwab,

A. Ryan.

Company

Captain

Cooper, Second Lieutenant R.

First

Lieutenant E.

C.

P. Schellinger.

Company D, Captain T. T. Brazer, First Lieutenant R. L. Barry, Second Lieutenant S. P. Holmes.

210

GRAY INVINCIBLES. Captain Charles A. Hailstock, commanding. First Lieutenant

J.

A.

Griffin,

Second Lieutenant Charles Woot-

ten.

5

KEYSTONE BATTERY

1

A.

Captain M. C. Stafford, commanding. First Lieutenant

Thomas

L. Marshall, Second Lieutenant C. W. Four guns, four caissons, two Gat-

Marshall, Ensign H. LeGrand.

74

ling guns.

THIRD BRIGADE. Brigadier-General John P. S. Gobin, commanding.

Major Milton A. Gherst, Assistant Adjutant-General; Staff. Major James B. Coryell, Inspector; Major Henry P. Moyer, Quartermaster; Major William H. Egle, Surgeon; Major William H. Horn,

Commissary Major John G. Bobb, Ordnance Officer Major Everett Warren, Judge Advocate. Aides-de-Camp. Captains A. W. Shultz and William O. Coolbaugh. ;

;

10

REPORT OF CLINTON

P.

PAINE.

213

THIRD BRIGADE BAND.

3O

TWELFTH REGIMENT. Colonel A. H. Stead, commanding. T. W. Lloyd, Major Jonathan Sweisfort. Adjutant F. P. Cummings, Quartermaster W. P. Clark, SurE. L. Lumbey, Assistant Surgeons E. S. Hull and M. L.

Lieutenant-Colonel Staff.

geon

Focht, Chaplain S.

tenant

W.

F.

Hughes, Moyer.

First Lieutenant

of Williamsport,

Company D, Lieutenant G.

Company

P.

W. H.

Rifle Practice

W.

Captain

G.

and Inspector of

W.

Gilmore,

G, of Williamsport, Captain Evan Russell, First LieuDu Four, Second Lieutenant J. T. Gaffey.

Company C, of Milton, Captain W. W. Keifer, W. H. Straub, Second Lieutenant A. J. Blair.

First Lieutenant

E, of Sunbury, Captain C. M. Clemart, F. Eisley, Second Lieutenant W. S. Wray.

Company tenant

J.

First

Mclntosh, Second Lieutenant B. H. Updegraff.

First

Lieu-

of Lock Haven, Captain G. A. Brown, First LieuN. Farnsworth, Second Lieutenant C. H. Showaker.

Company H, tenant

J.

Company B. F. Spotts,

F, of Danville, Captain W. B. Baldy, First Lieutenant Second Lieutenant E. G. Seidel.

Company A, of Lewisburg, Captain J. P. Brooke, First tenant G. S. Matlack, Second Lieutenant W. F. Barber. Company Lieutenant

J.

B,

of Williamsport,

Captain William

Sweeley,

Lieu-

First

K. Rathmell, Second Lieutenant E. F. Quay.

THIRTEENTH REGIMENT. Colonel F. A. Hitchcock, commanding. Lieutenant-Colonel E. H. Ripple, Major H. A. Coursen. Staff. Adjutant W. S. Miller, Surgeon H. V. Logan, Assistant Surgeons C. L. Frey and H. D. Gardner, Chaplain S. C. Logan, First Lieutenant and Inspector of Rifle Practice

Herman

Osthans.

of Providence, Captain J. R. Fish, First Lieutenant B. Rockwell, Second Lieutenant G. C. Rodgers.

Company H,

W.

Company E, of Honesdale, Captain G. H. Whitney, First Lieutenant O. L. Rowland.

Company A,

of Scranton, Captain C. C. Mattes, First Lieutenant

E. E. Chase, Second Lieutenant

M.

J.

Andrews.

344

2

1

MILITAR Y DISPLA Y.

4

Company

W.

B.

C, of Scranton, Captain

Henwood, Second Lieutenant

Company

James Moir,

W.

C.

First Lieutenant

Gunster.

G, of Factoryville, Captain E. C. Smith, First Lieu-

tenant F. E. Proper.

Company D, Company B,

of Scranton, First Lieutenant

W. A.

Wilcox.

of Scranton, Captain William Kellow, First Lieutenant H. R. Madison. of Scranton, Captain J. H. Duggan, First Lieutenant T. P. Reagan, Second Lieutenant Henry Davitt.

Company

I,

278

NINTH REGIMENT. Colonel Morris

J.

Keck, commanding.

Lieutenant-Colonel B. F. Stark, Major J. Roberts. Staff. Adjutant J. R. Wright, Quartermaster J. G. Carpenter, Surgeon O. F. Harvey, Assistant Surgeons J. N. Howell and W. B. Brady, Captain

W.

Day, First Lieutenant and Inspector of Dougherty, Chaplain S. C. Struthers, A.D.C.

Rifle Practice C. B.

J.

;

Sergeant-Major A.

A. Howell, Quartermaster-Sergeant E. G. Mercur, Commissary-Sergeant J. B. Woodward, Hospital Steward H. C. Tuck, Drum-Major Stewart Barnes.

Company tenant

W.

Company J.

B, of Wilkesbarre, Captain

S. Marshall,

C, of Pittston, Captain

H. Repp, Second Lieutenant

J.

F.

J.

Horton, First Lieu-

J.

W.

Burns, First Lieutenant Callahan.

Company A, of Sugar Notch, Captain Lieutenant C. L. Peck. Company H,

B.

J.

Second Lieutenant B. Krause.

W. H.

Broadhead, First

of Pittston, Captain John F. Flannery, First Lieu-

tenant F. Bohan.

Company

G, of Nanticoke, First Lieutenant George

W.

Gruver,

Second Lieutenant Thomas Hatch. of Wilkesbarre, Captain W. C. Price, First Lieutenant Asher Miner, Second Lieutenant A. C. Campbell.

Company D,

F, of Wilkesbarre, Captain Nelson Straubing, L. B. Hillard, Second Lieutenant C. H. Kniffen. Lieutenant

Company

First

Company E, of Parsons, Captain George Wallace, Jr., First Lieutenant Hezekiah Parsons, Second Lieutenant J. S. Rhodes. EIGHTH REGIMENT. Colonel F.

J. Magee, commanding. Major Wallace Guss. Staff. Adjutant

J.

P.

Livergood, Surgeon

294

REPORT OF CLINTON

PAINE.

P.

215

H. Brehm, Assistant Surgeons C. E. Jauss and J. S. Carpenter, Chaplain D. Eberly, First Lieutenant F. L. Hutton, Inspector of S.

Rifle Practice.

of Harrisburg, Captain T. F. Maloney, First LieuH. Lawset, Second Lieutenant G. E. Reed.

Company D, tenant

W.

Company E, of Mahanoy City, Captain W. E. Jones, Andrew Conway, Second Lieutenant G. Britz.

First Lieu-

tenant

Company

C, of

Chambersburg, Captain John C. Gerbing, Second

Lieutenant H. S. Gillespie. of Pottsville, Captain Richard Rahn, First Lieutenant John F. Sterner, Second Lieutenant G. A. Harris.

Company H,

Company J. W.

tenant

of Wrightsville, Captain G. W. Seltzer, First LieuMinnich, Second Lieutenant Augustus Flury. I,

Company F, of Girardsville, Captain J. G. Johnston, First Thomas Cranage, Second Lieutenant H. H. Banks.

Lieu-

tenant

Company B, Thomas

tenant

of Tamaqua, Captain Gilpin Warrington, First LieuProsser,

Second Lieutenant William Bishop.

G, of Carlisle, Captain E. B. Watts, First Lieutenant G. Speck, Second Lieutenant Augustus Gehring.

Company

W.

Company A, of York, Captain E. Z. Strine, First Lieutenant H. Keller, Second Lieutenant A. P. Dehoff. Company K, tenant

W.

of St. Clair, Captain

W. H. Holmes,

Second Lieutenant A.

P. Furrie,

J.

First

W.

Lieu-

Farrie.

421

FOURTH REGIMENT. Colonel S. D. Lehr, commanding. Lieutenant-Colonel

D. B. Chase, Major

Patterson, Assistant

Surgeons

J.

J.

R. Roney.

Staff.

W.

R. Klein, Surgeon J. P. D. Christman and G. H. Haber-

Adjutant C. T. O'Neill, Quartermaster

Chaplain T..C. Billheimer, First Lieutenant and Inspector of Rifle Practice Morris Hoats.

staut,

Company tenant

J.

C, of Pinegrove, Captain

Company H, tenant

W. H.

Company tenant

J.

J.

P.

Earnest, Second Lieu-

W. Umbenhauer. of Slatington, Captain H.

W. Hankee,

First Lieu-

Keener. B, of Allentown, Captain G. B.

North, Second Lieu-,

A. Medlar.

E, of Hamburg, Captain C. F. Seamon, First Lieutenant B. F. Gahris, Second Lieutenant W. A. Scott.

Company

2

1

MIL1TAR Y DISPLA Y.

6

Company D, tenant

W.

of Allentown, Captain

S. Troxell,

Company

C,

of Columbia,

Second Lieutenant

J.

W.

D. Micklay, First Lieu-

Second Lieutenant G. G. Blumer. First

Lieutenant

E.

B.

Eckman,

D. Slade.

Company A, of Reading, Captain H. J. Christopher, First Lieutenant C. E. Schroeder, Second Lieutenant W. O. Scull. F, of Pottsville, Captain D. C. Henning, First LieuReinhard, Second Lieutenant C. Matten.

Company tenant H.

J.

BATTERY

267

C.

Captain John Denithorne, commanding.

and L. D. Haines, Second LieuM. A. Young, Assistant Surgeon G. N. Highlay.

First Lieutenants S. E. Davis

tenant

57

SECOND BRIGADE. Brigadier-General John A. Wiley, commanding.

Major Charles

Miller, Assistant Adjutant-General

Major Frank K. Patterson, Inspector; Major W. W. Greenland, Quartermaster; Major James E. Silliman, Surgeon; Major Austin Curtin, Commissary Major Samuel Hazlett, Ordnance Officer Major W. F. Braden, Judge Advocate. Aides-de-Camp. Captains George C. Hamilton and James H. Murdock. Staff.

;

;

;

SECOND BRIGADE BAND.

3