Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics, Volume 1: Overview and Fundamentals 1439816697, 9781439816691
With major implications for applied physics, engineering, and the natural and social sciences, the rapidly growing area
308 82 10MB
English Pages 635 [625] Year 2012
Table of contents :
Front Cover......Page 1
Dedication......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Editor......Page 14
Contributors......Page 16
Part I: Overview and General Topics......Page 20
1. Environmental Fluid Dynamics......Page 22
2. Research in EFD and Its Policy Implications......Page 38
3. Interdisciplinary Dynamics in EFD Research......Page 56
4. Climate Change and Its Effects on Environmental Fluid Systems......Page 62
5. Sustainability Implications......Page 72
6. Air Quality and Management......Page 82
7. Forecasting and Management of Coastal Water Quality......Page 94
8. Soil and Aquifer Management......Page 110
9. Security and Environmental Fluid Dynamics......Page 126
10. Large-Scale Disasters......Page 140
11. Risk Assessment......Page 152
12. Environmental Law......Page 162
Part II: Focus Areas for Study of Natural Systems......Page 170
13. Physical Limnology......Page 172
14. Microbial and Ecological Fluid Dynamics......Page 188
15. Micro- and Nano-Scale Flows Relevant to the Environment......Page 196
16. Volcanic Flows......Page 208
17. Buoyant Outflows to the Coastal Ocean......Page 226
18. Hydrodynamics of Coastal Circulation......Page 236
19. Ice Dynamics and Transport......Page 252
Part III: Fundamental Flow Phenomena and Turbulence......Page 272
20. Turbulence in the Environment......Page 274
21. Turbulent Dispersion......Page 282
22. Stratified Hydraulics......Page 292
23. Hydraulics of Vegetated Canopies......Page 304
24. Canopy Turbulence......Page 330
25. Jets and Plumes......Page 348
26. Stratified Wakes and Their Signatures......Page 368
27. Gravity Currents and Intrusions......Page 380
28. Internal Gravity Waves......Page 396
29. Rotation Effects in Environmental Flows......Page 408
30. Vortex Dynamics......Page 422
31. Surface Waves in Coastal Waters......Page 434
32. Drops and Bubbles in the Environment......Page 446
33. Particle-Laden Flows......Page 460
34. Sediment Transport......Page 472
35. Flows Involving Phase Change......Page 486
36. Turbulent Gas Transfer across Air–Water Interfaces......Page 498
37. Convection......Page 508
38. Convection (Rotating Fluids)......Page 524
39. Double-Diffusive Instabilities......Page 532
40. Shallow Shear Flows in Surface Water......Page 546
41. Shallow Granular Flows......Page 564
42. Turbidity Currents and Powder Snow Avalanches......Page 576
43. Mechanics of Debris Flows and Rock Avalanches......Page 592
Front Cover......Page 1
Dedication......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Editor......Page 14
Contributors......Page 16
Part I: Overview and General Topics......Page 20
1. Environmental Fluid Dynamics......Page 22
2. Research in EFD and Its Policy Implications......Page 38
3. Interdisciplinary Dynamics in EFD Research......Page 56
4. Climate Change and Its Effects on Environmental Fluid Systems......Page 62
5. Sustainability Implications......Page 72
6. Air Quality and Management......Page 82
7. Forecasting and Management of Coastal Water Quality......Page 94
8. Soil and Aquifer Management......Page 110
9. Security and Environmental Fluid Dynamics......Page 126
10. Large-Scale Disasters......Page 140
11. Risk Assessment......Page 152
12. Environmental Law......Page 162
Part II: Focus Areas for Study of Natural Systems......Page 170
13. Physical Limnology......Page 172
14. Microbial and Ecological Fluid Dynamics......Page 188
15. Micro- and Nano-Scale Flows Relevant to the Environment......Page 196
16. Volcanic Flows......Page 208
17. Buoyant Outflows to the Coastal Ocean......Page 226
18. Hydrodynamics of Coastal Circulation......Page 236
19. Ice Dynamics and Transport......Page 252
Part III: Fundamental Flow Phenomena and Turbulence......Page 272
20. Turbulence in the Environment......Page 274
21. Turbulent Dispersion......Page 282
22. Stratified Hydraulics......Page 292
23. Hydraulics of Vegetated Canopies......Page 304
24. Canopy Turbulence......Page 330
25. Jets and Plumes......Page 348
26. Stratified Wakes and Their Signatures......Page 368
27. Gravity Currents and Intrusions......Page 380
28. Internal Gravity Waves......Page 396
29. Rotation Effects in Environmental Flows......Page 408
30. Vortex Dynamics......Page 422
31. Surface Waves in Coastal Waters......Page 434
32. Drops and Bubbles in the Environment......Page 446
33. Particle-Laden Flows......Page 460
34. Sediment Transport......Page 472
35. Flows Involving Phase Change......Page 486
36. Turbulent Gas Transfer across Air–Water Interfaces......Page 498
37. Convection......Page 508
38. Convection (Rotating Fluids)......Page 524
39. Double-Diffusive Instabilities......Page 532
40. Shallow Shear Flows in Surface Water......Page 546
41. Shallow Granular Flows......Page 564
42. Turbidity Currents and Powder Snow Avalanches......Page 576
43. Mechanics of Debris Flows and Rock Avalanches......Page 592
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