Haitian Creole: grammar, texts, vocabulary

Citation preview

A

REBOUND

PAT NO .19.12

, SANTA CRUZ OFCALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY

3

2106

00076

HAITIAN CREOLE Grammar

Texts

. Vocabulary

By

Robert

A

. Hall , Jr.

with the collaboration

of

Suzanne Comhaire - Sylvain H

. Ormonde McConnell Alfred Métraux

MEMOIRS OF THE AMERICAN

FOLKLORE SOCIETY , VOLUME 43

PHILADELPHIA AMERICAN FOLKLORE SOCIETY 1953 THIS MATERIAL ALSO APPEARS AS MEMOIR NO . 74 OF THE AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

ASSOCIATION

4446

- ---

LIBRARY

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA

CRUZ

-

- ---

--

HAITIAN

CREOLE

Grammar · Texts · Vocabulary

By

Robert

A

. Hall, Jr .

with the collaboration

of

Suzanne Comhaire - Sylvain H

.

Ormonde McConnell Alfred Métraux

MEMOIRS

OF THE

AMERICAN

FOLKLORE SOCIETY , VOLUME 43

PHILADELPHIA AMERICAN

FOLKLORE SOCIETY 1953

THIS MATERIAL ALSO APPEARS AS MEMOIR AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

NO . 74 OF THE

ASSOCIATION

the Wenner

en

YorkWenner

.

New

,

Inc .

from

teren

grant volume has been aided Anthropological for hobecnieResearch

,

Gren Foundation publication

by

this

a

The

of

The publication

1912

.

,

,

,

as

Folklore

.,

of

American

Richmond

Va

the Postoffice

in

Folklore and the Memoirs in

American

second class matter

.

,

24

.

of

act

of

the Journal

Entered August

as

issues issued

of

in

in

is

of

published January April July and October The Journal American Folklore Subscription by membership the American Folklore Society includes the quarterly

under the

GR

A5

.43

To

CARL DARLING

BUCK

TABLE INTRODUCTION 0. 1. Haitian

· Creole .

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0 . 11. Characteristics .

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0 . 2 . Analytical Procedure 0 . 3. Acknowledgments . 0.31.

Collaborators

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and Typographical

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0. 33 . Sponsors

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0 . 4 . Bibliography

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1. 111 . Nasalization

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1. 112 . Vowel Lengthening

1. 12. Semi - Vowels

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1. 13. Consonants

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1.2. Occurrence

1 .3 . Syllable

of Vowels

- Structure .

1. 4. Occurrence

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1. 51 . Allophonic

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1.72 . Emphatic

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Normal

1. 8. Pitch 1.81.

- Contours Rising . .

1. 82 . Falling 1. 83 .

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1. 9. Orthography 1.91.

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Gallicizing Orthographies Comparative

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1. 92 . Phonemic Orthographies 1 93

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of Consonants

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of Phonemes .

1. 63 . Clusters 1. 7. Stress

11

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Effects . · 1. 52 . Phonemic Effects . . ' . . 1. 6 . Non - Significant Alternations of 1.61. Vowels . . . . . . 1.62 . Alternations

11

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of Consonants 1.41. Syllable - Initial . . . 1.42 . Syllable -Final . . .

1.5 . Juncture

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1. Phonology and Orthography 1. 1. Linear Phonemes . . 1. 11. Vowels

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:.

Conventions

0. 32 . Informants

A . GRAMMAR

· ·· ·· ·

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0. 12 . Dialects

. Relationships

CONTENTS

OF

. . . Table of Orthographies

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25

25

26

AMERICAN 2 . Form

- Classes

and

Morphology

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2. 0 . Morphophonemic

Alternations . . 2 . 1. Free and Inflectionally Bound Forms 2 . 11 . Substantives 2. 111 .

Nouns .

2.112

Adjectives

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2. 12. Numerals

2 . 13 . Pronouns 2.131

. 2. 132 .

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Personal

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Demonstrative

2. 133 . Indefinite

2. 15 . Adverbs

. . . . Minor- Clause Forms .

2 .2 . Phrasally

. . 2 .211 . Determinant .

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Emphatic

2.22 . Prepositive

Particle

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2.221 . Coordinators 2 .222 . Prepositions

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2 .223 . Indefinite Article 2 .224 . Predicate Prefixes 2 .225

. 2 .226 .

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and Clausally Bound

2. 21 . Postpositive 2.212

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Equational

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2. 313 . Adjectives

Verbs

2.32 . Suffixation

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Nouns .

2 .322 . Adjectives

2 . 323 . Pronouns 2. 324 . Verbs

2 . 325 .

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Adverbs

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2. 326 . Prepositions 2.33. Compounding 2 . 331 .

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Forms

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Nouns . . 2 . 332 . Adjectives

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2 . 321 .

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:

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2.30 . Stem

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Subject Form . Interrogators and Subordinators

2. 3. Derivation

2.314

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. . . . 2 . 134 . Interrogative -Relative . 2. 14 . Verbs . . . . . . . 2 . 141. Verb - Classes and Alternants 2. 142 . Verbal Prefixes . . . 2. 16.

[MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

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·· . ·· . .. . . · ·· ... ·· ... .. ... .. ··· ·· .. ·· .. .. .. ... ·· ·· .. ·· .. .. . .. ·· · .. ·· . .. .. . ·· ·· .. ·· .. .. .. . ·· · .. ·· .. .. . .. · ·· . ·· . · .· ·· .. · . . · . · .· ·· . ·· .. ·· .. . · ·· .. ·· .. ·· .. ... ··. ·· · ·· .. ·· .. .. .. ·· ··· . ··· . . .. · ·· .. · . . ·· · ·· .. ·· .. . .. ·· ··· · . ·· .. ... .. ·· ·· ·· .. ·· .. .. .. ·· · ·· . ·· . . ·· ·· ·· ... ·· ... .. .. ·· ·· ·· .. .. ... .. · · · .. . .. .. .

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HAITIAN

HALL ] 2. 333 . Pronouns

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Verbs

2. 335 . Adverbs 3 . Phrase - Structure 3. 1.

Universal Combination - Types Without Connectives . 3. 12. With Preceding Connective 3 .11 .

3. 13 . With

Following

3. 2. Endocentric

Connective

Phrases

3.21.

Nominal . 3. 22 . Adjectival . 3 .23 . Numeral .

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3 .24 . Pronominal 3 .25 .

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Verbal . . Types of Complements

3. 251 .

3. 252 . Order of Complements 3 .26 .

Adverbial .

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Phrases . . + Object .

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3.27. Prepositional

3. 28. Conjunctional 3. 3. Exocentric

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3.31 . Preposition 3. 33.

Nominal . Adjectival .

3. 34.

Adverbial .

3. 32 .

3. 35 . Prepositional 3 . 36 . Conjunctional 4 . Clause - Structure 4 . 1.

Major

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The Subject

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Clauses

4. 111.

Anticipation of Subject

4 .112

Recapitulation

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4 . 121 . Centers

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4. 122 . Order of Predicate

of Elements

4 . 131 . Exposition

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4. 132. Anticipation 4 . 133 . Anacoluthon

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of Subject

4 . 12 . The Predicate

4. 13 . Order

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CREOLE

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Prefixes

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Minor Clauses Elliptical . 4 .22. Individual Free Forms or Phrases 4 .23. Predicate Alone . . . 4 .24 . Special Forms . . . . 4 . 3. Interrogative Clauses . . . . . . 4. 2.

4.21.

4 . 4 . Subordination

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·· .. ·· .. .. ·· ... .. ·· .. . ·· . .. ·· . .. ·· .. .. ·· ... .. . . . · . ·· . .. ·· . .. · .. .. ·· .. .. ·· ... .. ·· .. ... ·· . . ·· .. . ·· ... .. ·· .. .. ·· .. .. ·· .. ... ·· . .. ·· .. . ·· ... .. ·· .. ... ·· . .. ·· .. . ·· ... .. ·· .. ... ·· . .. ·· .. .. ·· .. .. ·· .. .. ·· .. .. ·· .. . ·· . · ·· .. ... ·· .. ·· ·· .. . ·· . ·· ·· .. ... ·· .. ·· ·· .. .. · . · ·· .. .. .

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Distributive Clauses .

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163

Touyé you Koulèv

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té

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]

Ki

132

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. ). . .

: : .

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.

.

.

Moun

Cochon Gras

-

:

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.

-

(

.

Jeanty Henri

sou you

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.

]

.

.

- . .

.

.

ak Sò -

Zwazo

. .

-é

[

Totu

Mové Yo Jété Gouté Diri

02 123

120

. . . . . . . . . . .

-

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.

.

Daughter

Kôpè Krabié Fwè Pérokèt Man Bewitches Girl

112

125

's ) . . . . . . ] . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Boy and Syrup Vendor Chérubin and Captain Lalin

Bèl Solèy

·.····· ·· . ·· · · · ·· · ·· ... ·· · ·· ·· ·· .. · ·· · · · · · · ·· ·· ·· ·· · . · ·.····· ·· · · · ·· . ·· ··· ··· ··· ·· .. . · ·· ·· ·· . .·· ·· .. · · ·

. .

. .

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.

. .

.

.

Bô Dié

-

ak -

Vòlè

ak

,

Chê

Bourik

.

ak -

:

-

:

( (

Chat Kabrit Liô

( [

16 21 20 . . 15 . .14 13 . .10 .9 . 12 11 . 19 . .18 17

.

Wadilé Money Giving Lizard Sister and Brother Clean and Dirty Water

. 7. .

Bag

Rwa

108

.

.

. . ..

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. .

.

.. . .. .

.

.

.

. . . ) . .. .

)

.

. . ) . ] ] . . . . ). . . . . . . .

.

.

]

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6

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.

8

Fi

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. .

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]

's

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]

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.

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.

:

[ ( [

(

of

Devils and Children Bluebeard Magical Escape Why Dog Hates Cat The Country Without Women Abisyo Touyé Rat

.

5 4

. .

's

King

. .

[

.

's

10 . 9

(B

Other Stories

.

.

. .

.

.

.

. . ) . . .. . ] . . . . . . . . . ) .

,

[ (

. 8. 7. .

[

6

-

Malice Rides Bouqui Bouki Rêmê Pitit Rwa Bouqui Malice and Monkey Bouqui Eats Own Mother Bouqui and Malice Get Bird Eggs ig Klaus and Little Klaus Bouki Kay Tayè Bouqui Goat Tongue Malice and Monkey

[

. 22 . 3. 2. 1. . 11 .

6

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.

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. .

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,

[ [

as

(B

6

Bouqui and Malice Stories ouqui Zombie and Bouquinette Bouqui Saddle Horse

.

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. . . . . . . .

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. .

.· ·· ·· ·

. . . . . . . Saint Ristil

.

of

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-

6

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5 . . 1. 5 . 2

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5 . 3

Translation

Texts from Informants Autobiography Joram Folk Tales

6 .2 . 1 . . . 21 5 4 3 2 1 . . . . . .

.

6

Text and Interlinear Free Translation Analysis

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.

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.

TEXTS Sample Text and Analysis

.

5

B .

4. 43 .

· · ·· ·· .. ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· .. ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· · . · ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· .. ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ··· ... ·· ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· ·· .. ·· ·· ·· · ·· · ··· ... ··· ··· ··· ·· ···

105

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.

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and Hypotaxis

4. 42 . Sequence of Tenses

.

4 .41. Parataxis

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

.

AMERICAN

170 172

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. . .

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181 183

186

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-

]

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. · . ·

·

. . . . . .. .

ak

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.

:

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. — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

188 189 201 210 210 210 212

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222 222

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222 223

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. . .

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. .

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. of

French Words .

.

English Creole Glossary -

. . .

.

. .

.

The Adaptation Vocabulary .

.

Vocabulary

.

.

-

. .

8 1

8 . 2

dAiti

Material

Bible Text

173

Broadsides and Educational Songs

Istwa Péi

.

Literary

Progrè

Mélô

.

From

Material

.. ·· ··· ... ... ... ·· ... ··· ··· ... ... ... · . · · .. .· .. · . .. ··· .. · .. .. ·· .. · · . .. ·· .. · . ·· ·· ·· ·· · · · · ··

Rwa

.

,

—

7

From

Popular

7 7 . . 4 3 .

.

C

Limiè

From

7

. . . 22 21 . .

7 . .2

7

. . . .

Fòs

Zétwal Didactic Material

Fô -

12 11

7

.

,

Didactic Literary Newspaper Texts

.

8

. · . ·

Proverbs

Riddles Newspaper

7 .1 .

.

7

6 6 6 . 4. 3. 5 . . .

(

. .

Bull and Calf Father Son Koumâ Malfini Vini Mâjé Poul Vaudoun Text

VOCABULARY Creole English

.

9

Ki Marié vs . .

.

]

.

25 24 23 22 .

Istwa You Maléré Man Eats Bird

Fi

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

266

by

THIS

its

INTRODUCTION in

of

in

of

's

32 )

.

in

in

as

.

0

M

( cf .

A

(1 )

,

in

:

– 9

1

origin two projects undertaken the author preliminary exploration 1948 and tentative analysis Haitian Jacques Balince during the latter Creole begun 1948 with Teaching Assistant residence Ithaca the Division Modern Lan

work had

(

),

in

of

a

(2 )

,

in

of

,

of

linguistic survey Cornell University and Creole undertaken spring the 1949 for the Fundamental Education Project UNESCO conjunction United Nations Educational and Scientific Organization

guages

,

on

of for

", (

to

's

au -

to

.

a

in

a

),

a

with which the author made month field trip Haiti March and April 1949 including valley visit Jacmel and the Gosseline but involving part stay the most Port Prince and intensive work the analysis vocabulary texts and

of

in

-

a

).

is

13 )

separate

treated

intensive

,

.

.

in 0

.

Dialectal variations are

made the object

a

should

of

and

.eg

the language

of

.

,

only occasionally study

to is

31

(

. .0

cf

on a

of

-

in

au

a

to

as

to

,

of

historical aspects

be (

to

be

on

;

of

,

of

is

provide The purpose and scope the work scientific description spoken especially modern Haitian Creole Port Prince and the valley give representative the Gosseline and selection texts and vocabularly based the texts and other sources This study purely synchronic and only incidental consideration given intended

is of

It

.

to

as

,

an

,

say

,

-

of

[3 ]

[ã ];

of

of

[ã ];

of

in

to

(

[í ]

of

)

to

are

.

to

,

.

Its

,

0

in

)

(

modern Italian Latin ap comparison Characteristics with present day French proximately the following phonetics differ somewhat from those stand ard French presenting the features found also French dialects and Ca corresponding nadian French nasalized standard French cor responding standard French and assibilation the dental con

. 11 .

French

as

a

of

,

in

.

0 .1

is

Haitian Creole the native speech almost all the inhabitants the Republic numbering approximately three million Haitian 1944 not independent language about closely related dialect French but

, ],

dz

/

c

Ø

/y

,

( 31 cf . ). 0

,

Marbial is

du

.

Port Prince his Origines des variations

32 ),

0 .

cf .

(

au -

at

,

‘

-

in

,

Creole

of .

by

,

of

Ethnologie

in d '

, of

of

41 ).

.

0

(

haïtien

Michelson Hyppolite the Bureau regional variations brief survey

of . cf . a

2 M

of

1

of

Location the Fundamental Education Project UNESCO whose center was and from which region come most the texts furnished Dr Métraux author

[

[ ts to ]

to

[i ])

,

the typical Indo European parts adverb preposition conjunction

,

of

,

,

,

in

,

,

(

'

-

of ,

,

In

all

/ə /. of

of

eight the Romance languages that adjective pronoun speech noun verb

of

is

(n

a

In

.

t[]

[d ]

ormally high front vowel sonants and before and respectively phonemic structure however Creole very close French except for the general absence the series front rounded vowels morphology Creole must be classed with and the central mid vowel

the

créole

AMERICAN

12

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

and ' interjection or minor -clause form ) must be distinguished on the basis of morphological and syntactical criteria ; and in that the verb - forms fall into the ' conjugations ' typical of the Romance languages , and specifically into the

'

'

'

'

'

e g

, . .

of

in a

'

,

'

'

A

.

of

of or

,

of

,

is a

overwhelmingly

.

')

'

)

(

-

,

( -pa

is

of

a

is

bâ

liv

is

.

as

'

' ‘

he

,

in

')

li

.g .

')

"

.

of ( té - -

‘

origin French The main dialectal divisions Haitian Creole correspond roughly with those ncluding the the départements the country West speech Port Prince South and North Northwest and Center The dia

. of

:

by di

of

,

;

is )

-

is

. ., .

of

to

).

13

.

1

cf .

as

] (

'

' ('

/

fòr

cf

/

. .

e g

in

]

/r /,

]

' ('

‘

e g

had

. 1 . . 42 ). .

'

clothes

in

' of - 'ſ ()j ,

or

instead

had

re

a

on

the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries morphological and syntactic features from the be

of

,

in

tion between masters and slaves

with considerable borrowing

in

a

,

is

,

or

of

0

. 13 .

(

/ fò /

l’

],

rôt

the use

ard

[h ]

hốt shame hôt instead stand jad versus standard The strong opposed North often pronounces syllable final standard Relationships Haitian Creole creolized language based pidginized variety originally spoken duced French the contact situa

of

initial jõt

.

becoming the standard language Prince Each these own lexical peculiarities The South further distinsguished

its

-

;

of

au au

of

of

lect Port visions has

of .

is

.

0

Dialects

(i

. .12

Creole

in

lary

- ( e

-

lit .

',

-

of

'

of

the determinant definite article noun phrases and very fre bought verb plus verb phrases achté you mwê give me part French part African book me Clause structure type Predicates may have speech usually with their centers any part meaning action when the center verb and with meaning equation any other class special feature location when the center form predicate structure predicatively bound prefixes indicating the presence past time alva future time and negation tense not The vocabu for

position quent use

,

of ).

is

in

-

in

in

of

use

three characteristic of French (pal- é speak ’; dòm - i sleep ; bwè drink ). But the inflectional system of Creole is greatly reduced as compared with that of standard French , and is in many respects similar to that of West African lan prefixation guages ( e. g. in verb inflection and derivation Phrase structure Creole not basically dissimilar from that French but many individual details are reminiscent post African languages

to

is

Sylvain

and their formation Otto Language Bloomfield

,

.26 5

Leonard

,

)

;

1923

, cf .

languages

'

,

'

'

'

au -

Le

.”

):

“ A

,

, ,

du

ce

,

des deux côtés

fortune de certains mots

se

'

ajustement

,

du

au

de la d

l'

ile

(

8

né

eu

esclave

l'

et

dans celle

effort

extraordinaire

de l'

y et a se

. Il

sa

'

s

maître

un

,

-

langue

langue

de notre vocabulaire du

la

York

lui parler dans

formation la

blant dans

creolized

and New

)

où

du

'

d

essayer

explique

and

London

Comhaire Créole Haïtien Wetteren and Port Prince 1936 créole haïtien est probablement dans Tortue cours XVII° siècle flibustier français son maître faire comprendre esclave nègre est avisé pour

,

mon avis jour

pidginized

.

1933

,

York

S de un le .

4

(

New

discussion Language 216

Cf .

,

Jespersen

ff of . (

For

a

3

,

of

.

of

West African languages the slave population Haitian Creole classed among the Romance languages and specifically among the northern group

qui

ressem

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

.

,

,

of

-

coming contact with other slaves grammatical structure are those

from

of

them

in

keep

The basic

of

to

on

the plantations the same language

of

,

its

, of

of

a

in

be

to

is

its

.

,

of

the

phonological morphological basis the Gallo - Romance branch , on Historically speaking the origin syntactical and lexical correspondences merger sought the French the speech habits structure speaking masters and the African slaves who were systematically scattered features

of

.

by

,

of

is

in

to )

,

)

,

modern America

lin

as

it

,

of in

,

of

,

. are

in

;

in

re -

if

kept

been

seemed preferable

other instances where introduced general those current Typographical conventions guistic publications especially those the Linguistic Society defined

new terms have been

, .

has

verb

,

,

noun

,

. , , .g

or

(

terminology

traditional

(e

,

some instances necessary and

,

.

L

in

field

own structure

In

terms

Language New York 1933 and modified present Creole Every effort has been made any other language French Latin not that

Bloomfield

the

of

of

its

later workers

, .?

set forth

in

as

in

. .

0 2

.

to

to

,

to

both French and West African languages with some West African speech French and some peculiar Analytical Procedure and Typographical Conventions The procedure analysis used modern descriptive linguistics especially this work that

which are common which are peculiar

in

of

.

)

(

14

.

' ';

]

['

: e .g .

in

,

‘

'.

ten

]

'; [' d

‘

leg

is

[[ žā (m )b ) ]

in

.

1

(

:

in

its

no

linguistic forms are made 1941 Citations Bulletin set forth following manners the using the International Phonetic Alphabet Phonetic transcriptions square brackets type given mwē me enclosed roman IPA are

no . 2 ) .

in

-

;

/

/

' '.

dis

'leg ;

‘

/

'.

.

,

dlo

Creole

Kent

The Sounds

. .

,

Roland

.

listed

G

by

(

)'

replacing descriptively

relationship

: e .g .

;

)'

means

/

begle

e g

Creole

/

(d

by >

/

', .

(

1945

. Relationships

Haitian Creole

”,

The Genetic

of

,

“

article

escriptively

Ricerche Linguistiche

1950

).

analysis

1948 Cornell Romance

;

,

Ithaca

the

, cf .

descriptive linguistic

of

the aims and techniques Descriptive Italian Grammar

(

the author

's

to

brief discussion

of

(

a

linguistic

determining

Baltimore

bøgle

)

for

ed 's .,

(

15

Cf .

–

For

Introduction

)' / '

/

( is )

la

'

'

Cf .

3rd

the author

194 203 ?

1 .

the criteria

Latin 6

of

6




'

la

means bøgle becomes Creole begle French historically means coming from

replaced

/

’; ' ( Fr ) . is

) nâ ',

replaced

in

' :

,

of

~

dlo

as

' ';

to

’: e .g .

istorically

by

nâ

'

>

(h

.'

dlyo

means becoming

)

of

/

, '

in

/

/

):

' ';

(u

in

'

~

,

in

:

in

is

)

92

' ';

(u

(

in

, .

2

. .1 3.

cf

an

sing adaptation IPA are roman type enclosed t en mwẽ me žāb slant lines solidi sually the McConnell Laubach orthography Conventional spelling given italics mwê me jâb leg dis ten single quotation marks the above examples Glosses are enclosed Special symbols those the IPA are addition alternating with dlyo means means alternating with Phonemic transcriptions

Series

/ že ) , coming

“ Creole

nèg

to

. .

e g

related

':

means

to

space

“

(

:

by

.

-'

,

'

-

/ ( le )

French

from

OIR


%- , occurs with the adjective other you whose plural accordingly zòt other nòm another man

’;

.

':

‘

e .g

lòt

'

lòt

four hours four

. è , 13 ‘ . as

katr

as

' '.

kat

eight

nèf

‘

)

';

'

The basic

three

’; ';

ten or

' dé

?

'; (o

';

attributes

stamps

two twa ccasionally uit

' ' ; ';

'; '

';

or

-

';

three

s

final months

kat and the

two

'

twa mwa

;

to

:

of

a

in

few

'

';

'

déz

added

is

(s )'

'

added

two years

déz

>

,

of

twa

to

is

added

duz

ou

.g . â ‘ ‘

(e

year

sis dis

wit

acting

twelve trèz thirteen katòz fourteen kêz twenty trât thirty karât forty sêkât fifty mil 1000 Before words beginning vowel longer forms hour certain numerals are used ten

sixty

swasât

têm

one

sèt seven

ésixteen

';

'

';

fifteen

sis

five

sêk

you

; -,

';

'

-)

four dis

gnou

gnou

‘

the numerals are

dis

sâ

of

in

‘ (

katr nine

(s )

dis

endocentric nominal phrases

forms

-

' ten ';

the other children Numerals are free forms either standing alone

a

2

. 12 .

yo

' ' ' ; -% ten : dé ; '; sâ , e.g , è‘ ‘ ' ôz . is 100 ' ' ; '; ; '; ( s o â t ) ' vê ' ' is '; ' ; ‘ : ou ‘ '. six ‘ '. : ' '; or , e. , )' .' '; to , .g ' '; ‘ vê , '; ,

zdt pitit

sèz

(

). ',

sg

2. A

clock

:

),

25

,

.

(3

in

of

him

.

-

,

,

he ,

or

(

-

m

kôprân

prân

li

him

-a

a

vowel

’; : n e - .g ap .

'

saw

)

'. is

before they

-l

yo

wè

'; li '

,

'I

:

,

'yo

';

al '

he

‘

';

or

'

yo

of ' ;

is

There

.

,

fn

.1 ) ) . .

;

,

' '

exists also

a

,

MH SCH 61 SCT 51 237 239

is (

'.I ,

'

)

=

.

3

,

, -

112

.2

âmwê

(2

zòt

. .sg

.

-

y

';

to

,

for you mwê me pronoun Demonstrative

and

form

( JB

'

dialectal

when proclitic

saw me

they went read personal pronoun North West and Central Plateau the the South especially around Les Cayes nou used only for

in

)

,

us '

, i(

is

;

In

' 'I

';

-m

wè

the North

MH

'

ou

.

, li,

and nou and also for

understand we are learning

we

.

(3

,

we li , , , us ,

to a

it

,

';

nou verbal form

mwê

) 31 )

(

in

of

as

,

Personal pronouns are the following mwê me she you you they them When proclitic enclitic diphthong optional but frequent for loss the vowel

131

.

2

her

4 . .11

2

,

especially Pronouns substitute syntactically for substantives for subjects nouns clauses and complements verbal phrases objects prepositions They are and four types personal demon strative indefinite and interrogative relative

be

to

is

'

'

sa

yê

'

from French

,

-é -

euse the suffix

-

eur

;

/øz -

er

/-

from French

êz

.

‘

;

(r )

â

't ';

‘

'.

sa

'I

-pa

-

m

)t

';

.

'.)

(

'.

)

';

't

got

‘I

'I

-

èz is a

borrowing

,

Northwest and Central Pla

,

).

yoû

the South

(n : ) in (

MH

, '

the North

‘

numeral for one are

and

in

of youn

;

,

the West

the

.

-è -

-

in

;

,

Regional variants yôn

2

7 -0 1 0z ) -

The suffix eux euse

teau

'

‘(

'(

- . -tpa m - -

an

is

m

‘

.eg

'; ': .

.

2

a

basically

as

.

.

2

sila that The form this thing noun meaning this pèsôn nobody 133 Indefinite pronouns are kichoy some hing nothing wè kichoy saw something kônê pèsôn don know anybody anything thing that gêgnê ûyê hadn The form indefinite demonstrative pronoun 132

classified

AMERICAN

.

is

as a

'

'

'

,

ké

of

“

?

'. ?

. I

‘

a

is

Gallicism

as

ki

,

'

containing interrogative

phrase

?

'

kòz m -t-a -châté ? or

- Relative pronoun is ki ‘ who , what': e.g . moun ki bó ki moun li sâblé ? 'who does he look like ?' ; pou ki sing what reason should Ki moun who nominal what attribute Use what which relative

who are good ’;

.

'

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

Interrogative

the people

for

.

2 134

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

: e .g . ,

)

; -

é

-

-

=

-

' , ' sin a ' )' , ', ; '

;

') ' ; ,

‘

IV ( ‘

at

‘

a

maniók

ès

.

stem

ki -lèté - ki l--é

]

‘

'

ba [y

set

'. ' :

e .g

( in it ) is

ki l--

, ', ', e.g .

') ‘ .

’, ,

give

phrase

syntactic

specific

in

'

is

'

-ki l-

is '

é

it

lit .

',

combina

its us

in

as

i.e, .

first syllable the complement

verbal phrase let

vini

or

'

by

'

let ,

:

)

another verb

' ‘ ' let

.

,

used

may occur without

allow

when followed

té

“

‘

at

.

(

1

forms

sing

kouri run

103

The verb kité

. 2 25 . .4

ès

, . . e g

1

lit

,

SCH

form

‘

, e is , .g ', ès ', . ‘

-

(

'

verbs have alternant

Certain

tions

châté

depart

pati

formant zero wish dwè owe vomi vomit âfèbli enfeeble The equational verb occurs only the present the time and which which was manioc which which was manioc stem

formant

péché

-é

‘

, e .g . -

vlé

+

-

of

+

=

;

-i

-i

-

(

vomi vomit vomis formants verb root be

zero

stem

formant dòmi sleep

stem

I

:

classes

formant

stem

of

' ' ' ' . '. =

wè see wè one these four (

four

to

(

he

;

+

of

-

=

'

“

')

;

II of

.

love

'

III

one

to

longs rêmê

of

-

.

-

.

in 2

: e .g .

-

-

;

he

he

.

. ,

vini come vin By the occurrence

1

+

+

2

‘

li is

larly

is

2

. 14 .

Verbs are those forms which can take the inflectionally bound pre 142 The simple verb form without prefixes invariable any and has aoristic tense reference can refer time the action vini comes came will come 141 Verb Classes and Alternants The structure the simple verb form mâjé eat root stem formant root mâj stem formant simi fixes enumerated

to

’.

by

li

ti -

ba

-

a

's

a

t-

fòk

';

a

yo

‘

a

a

-y

by

‘

';

‘I

104

'

'.

its té

ti -p

m

-

'll

-

bâ

té

m

ba

-

-l -

e . ou .g

té

. .

-ap :

e g

it

-

';

m

:

)

(3

come nou bwè drink pronominal The verb bay give may lose final when followed complement lat my mother had given me mâmâ little give you you lâg you dish kal blow makak According tongue was necessary they should give him little monkey him

:

by

up

’;

his

to

for

go

-

complement

';

off

in

. . . .'.

to

';

' ‘

';

. ..

‘

to

‘

did

';

to

‘

. ';

. . . ’; ';

‘ ):

. ( . . ‘ '; '; l

n

'

at

’;

'

“

-

?

yo

nâ

la

- ka

rét

ou

ou

'; ’;

]?

.

a

' .e ; ?

[i

'

'

he m -

ti -

's

103

pòté

you put the beat me mét pwa difé pòt véso bring vessel moun are you staying not with relatives wét pitit take away the child

used

the fire house

al ..

finish

kouzê

to

,

from

‘

. . . '; :

on

kôné the bring rété remain wété take sòti have just vini come jwê mâmâ my little cousin went find his mother

mété set about

kôn bat mwê

someone

SCH

be

a

.

'

la

yo

'

-l

. .

a

’; -

of

“

li

alé

pou

e g

: ‘

yo

fin

.

)

( lit

- 3.

pronominal

habit fini come Thus beans

li ’;

is

,

ba

. .

e g

non

is

any complement this alternant usual whenever bay followed pitit mâjé give the children food but the texts collected Métraux regularly show bay bay pitit give him children majinatè réglé zwazo bay nèg when the sorcerer had fixed the bird give the man etc for following The following verbs optionally lose their final vowel before

SCH

HAITIAN

CREOLE

came out from make two other

]

(

)

( lit .

‘I

-

bwa

bear

to

-

nâ

m

';

‘

dé

sòt

31

milking the cow zòt pitit she came

finished fè

li

‘

'; la

he

fin

the woods

tiré bèf

vin

li in

HALL ]

. '.

children

Verbal Prefixes inflectionally bound and indicating aspect are The imperfective durative prefix apr often Southern indicating action which continuing not yet complete dialects future The form apr occurs only before alé and elsewhere apé optionally

:

in

.

,

or

pé

:

:

.

-

-ap

ni n-

’;

a

'; l-

'.

in

'I ,

's

'; ';

at

-

he

to

-

-

-

té

li

the extended

vini had just come Magloire house live

fèk

had only just sat

‘

';

m

té -

(

'

in

some regions

I

';

'

‘I

-

(

ap

(é ) ap - -

,

'I 'll

you

‘

-

‘ 's

-

'

' ' I

-

ve

fèk

-

house

have just just arrived

ve

-

-

-

he

a

ou

m

ba

'; ap -l -

'; to

m

-)

: e .g .

rêk

fèk

té -

m lò - m

give you

abité kay Maglwa when had just gone only just washed fèk rêk chita

rêk lavé

fèk

and

kal

apé kozé

rivé

before any verb Thus beating châté apé mênê kay zôbi was talking

consonant

the zombie The completive prefix fèk

fèk

form

sing

'll

,

singing we we he was taking her

)-

-,

' is 'go ,

-

'I 'm

alé

-

' ‘ m ' 2 . re

beginning with going

verb

a

before apr

, (ap é

,

,

[s ]) ,

-

1

. .2

142

before

)(

;

woman

!”

see

,

's

âmod

play

and

'.

s

go

let ' !

jwé

let

â ( n

),

(

,

fam

‘

sing

before consonant

0è

(

ân at ou a al - ) -

ân

!”go

âm04

'; ;

‘

's 's

“

alẽ

-

châté

prefix

let let

;

!'

"

eat

-

, ân

)

: let 's e. .g

alê

a

imperatival

.

1

The

vowel mâjé

Ôn - .pl

.

3

'.

down

,

.

,

,

3

(

22 )

.1 ) .

.

sé

',

'I

pli

attributively plis

used

have no more

'.

that

'.

you

?

do

How

',

too

'

';

ta

do

'

' ' ,

'

li

sa ?

fè

koûmâ

gê

’,

‘

ba

-

té

ou

'

~

?

‘

)

, ':

'

‘

kô (ů

ou

bô

~

is

-

' pa

.g .

’; pli: e

~

'

'it ' ' s ‘

how

when

plis

lazier latter mwês travay tròp you gave her much Interroga too heavy trò lwê too far

tive adverb

mâ

have

parésé

less work mwê less good tròp lajâ too much money tro lou

'

a

2

( of cf .

a

as

) -

.

an

or

an

‘

',

and tròp too much adverb mwê

more than that

sa

) ' 26 .

(3

. 2 ‘ 25 .5 . ), 15 . ',

(3

plis more mwês less adjective before ké

va

(

a

Only one inflectional prefix occurs time with verb except when ap replaces the future prefix negative after 224 adjectives Adverbs serve primarily attributes verbs They are normally invariable except that and other adverbs

' ';

, :

gòp

plò

:

in

.

,

‘I

-

-

,

in

that can

't

‘ all

-pa sa

, '.

tou

sa

verb

sa

,

to

independent

in

also

, as

) is

100

an

in

‘

99 -

SCH

m

.g .

(e

,

an

a

,

,

;

300 ).

.

')

is ( é )

.eg

:

die

be ' (i

to

;

51 .

,

'

always occur

pral mouri which occurs before verbs with future meaning prefix but independent verb form which also occurs with non élèv pral lékol the pupils were going school Likewise the form ndicating probability positive independent clauses possibility negative

not

can may can dependent clauses

be ' or (

as

,

. 21 .

: or

. .

i.e

2 2

2

3

pral

was about verbal complements

SCT

dò -

;

!”

.

hoofs

Phrasally and Clausally Bound Forms such conjunction with phrases clauses respectively include Postpositive Forms The form

wi

'

as

'

'; o ( ' 4. oh 2 !' ), ' ;

't

isn

'

horses

'

beat

of

‘ no ’;

nô

in

-

2

. 16 .

Minor Clause Forms including interjections and other forms which yes occur primarily minor clauses are such the following imitating any nyapad voup wham there

AMERICAN Determinant ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

' definite

article ', which serves to make a nominal ( 3 .21 ) out of to which it is added , and makes it refer to a specific thing or things , acting as a kind of ‘nominalizer '. basic kay form the which can occur all positions the house pitit the child madâm the lady The form with after nasal

.

.

2 211

or

any phrase

l '

'; , ';

la


'

-a

: e .g , .

-

'

';

the man machin the machine After non nasalized vowel may occur panié figi the basket trou the hole the face After nasalized vowel chê the dog the break mê nôm

â

ti -

cousin

‘

-

: e .g .

nâ my little

kouzê

: e .g .

nâ

nâ

-m nâ ( -

'.

‘

-

lâ

' '; ',

occurs after nasal consonants

)

1

: .52 1 .f la

‘ is -

la

in

Its

phrase

see

'.

'

the hand

, . '; : ), 9 2

)

as

,

is

an

,

'(

';

-

l-

,

la

'

';

In

(

form

léz

’;

its

'

plural

',

-

.

lé

e .g “

of

is

'.

at

‘

mwê

clause

: e .g .

or in

,

equivalent phrase

,

- :

',

'

-

', ’:

0

to

,

,

'

lé

in

sê

'.

'

‘

at

‘ is

-

';

lé

âj

-

-

o

'

)

(

3 .1

.

'.

:

)

, ';

and their use

.1 ) : e .g .

or

equivalent

of

'

é

(3

’.

"

'

';

,

a

in

(i

,

’;

mê but

';

or

before clauses

and

before free forms universal combination types épi and then but For examples stand

as

;

to '

‘

)

‘

sou

of '

;

kou

instead

according

; , ,

‘

31 ),

include among

of '

' ‘at ‘ in '; ';

(

.

a

ka

their

'

).

(

333 1947

.

23

i

Language

',

Some prepositions are after kou blow

form

,

Hockett

.

olié

lâ

, cf . 3 . ' 31 ; . variant

F

the house

sélô

‘

its

3

or

,

'; '

as of ;

without

Charles

cf .

',

portmanteau

far

ialectally

use in

(

their except

sâ

(d

nâ

;

of '

of ‘

';

of

' 'of

';

‘

’ ‘ ; in

the term

“

of

For the

use

*

: e .g .

'

towards definitely Gallicisms

for

pou

For examples dé

'. '

parapòt because

spite

as

jouk

malgré

'

of ,

épi after

with

';

'

by

a

,

,

or

' 'to' ; ak

like

'

)

kô 'by ; (m

’;

avèk

vè

‘ on pa ’; ‘ ,

as : '; , a

.

.

free form

such forms

between kôn

which introduce exocentric phrases having equivalent phrase predicate clause apré after âtré afòs dint because

,

Prepositions

222

object

a

2

.

3 .1

'

with

‘

';

. . 22 , , . .

‘

2

which may

'

.

2

léz

-

lé

‘

',

)

;

,

)

lé

,

'(

'

lé -

‘

2

form

Coordinators

221

phrases cf . ak

after any free

too Bouki tou Bouqui also ntroductory Prepositive forms include the following

me

tou

fixed phrases

fè

or

')

- of la

or

,

and

Ségnè before vowel before consonant occurs angels passim the Lord Luk the the saints mò the dead Sundays matê mornings dimâch The same true the French portmanteau morpheme beginning the the komâsmâ the Emphatic Particle 212 tou too also which occurs universal combi

nation types

only

in

form

lé

. .sg

m

in

)

(

'

';

la

-âj

or

(

. .

'

e g

of

la

The French definite article

, its .

'

make

a

.

)

2

(

223

to

lakot

kay house the non prefixed form else the con postpositive the Creole determinant the indefinite article lâj lakay you the house Luk the angel trip along the coast

: e .g of .

comitant use you

'

'. ';

'

its

the frequent use

-

by

’;

.

'

e or lè ' .g

in

(

Vocabulary The French definite article occurs with certain nouns preceding the nouns and the form before consonants before vowel lakay house lavil town lajistis justice lakòt trip along the coast time lâj angel such combinations the French definite article hasmore meaning and simply empty derivational particle less lost shown

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

'

'.

as

an

:

’.5

‘a ,

,

';

12

of or

:

)

.

(

2

131 and

a

)

.

(4

as

follow

follows

.

or

con

'; ';

little dish was smaller

a

me

given

-pli

(

‘

had

he

-

predicate prefixes see 122 Equational Subject Form clausally bound

.

4

'I 'm

-

-

not

rich

not hide this

from

.

of

For the order

m

'I 'll ';

sa

ou

't

know

pa

)

: e .g .

'.

‘

té

li -

;

]'

-ap 'I

-

p

mwê

,

-

not me

didn kaché

kônê

m

'it ' 't s

-pa

stop

';

he

(

’; -tpa )- -

‘

it

ak -p ‘

-

‘

didn

mwê

sé

rété

â

-

see

is

-

';

va

)

,

before vowel

elision

my mother

in

be

-

-l

a

-

l-

:

.

)

;

';

a

Thus ka sourit mâjé

86 – 7

a

a

'I '

' ll

(

-.

-

and indicate

following any other type

;

.2 '.

be

form

vowel SCH twist your neck

with optional

plat

to té

-m

Thus

gnou msyé

house

prézida rich the lady will rich automatically replaced This prefix for examples the latter reference

lâ

'; .

a

.g .

.

2

-m - ) té : - e

'. '; pa 3. -

-

-sé té

li

nominal

pitit eat the past mêm wa mi was little millet and beans The negative particle pla with optional elision before vowel

piti

rich you

va

-, :

-

-

bâ - t .3 [ m (é -; in ) 4 ti - - .

'

-

pou

full pronoun form

after

va

him -

(2

'

ap va

-

The past tense sign mâmâ mâjé for me

lakay

These forms occur

nou

the rats will eat madâm isit the president will here negative after 224 122

sonant

,

';

‘a

a

-

)

';

after

contracted

ava todyé kou

m

sleep

ll

va

-,

a

,

ava

consonant and

a

' , he ' a-

after

ava

gnou

'.

,

,

.

.

1

(

bicha

form you

precede predicates

Predicate Prefixes which negation are the following

more emphatic subject after

introducing

yoû

'a

,

you

ti -

';

';

mirror

glas

gnou

The future tense sign personal pronoun subject

a

ing

phrasally bound

is

Article which

“ a

.

'a

or

.

2

‘a

tense

the , some'; o ' in the ' ( cf . 2 . 211 ) and

The indefinite article has the beating gasố little boy

gentleman 224

') ; di ' of

.

3

(

kal

you

a ruler

21 )

as

.

phrases

with

Indefinite

223

2

'jis

. far

in kou t - féril blow

as

-pa

sé -

t ';

.)

'

or ,

(

;

)

/

. : . .g

a

'

(e

', '

'

.

43 ) /

31

-

' it 's

-

is

it

sé

/9 /

III

is

')

Interrogators

'

is

,

pa in

sé , -

,

';

1 6 2

in

,

'( ‘

';

tâ

sé -

(

it -

' '

: t its' . , '

sé

‘

pa

.

t-( é )- ) :

-

sé

a

't

a

as

-

sé

'

-

la

sé -

of

‘

-

it

‘

';

it

té -

sé

,

e .g

(

indicating identity

of

.

.

2

,

was etc prac immediately linguistic preceded what has tical context with what follows mwê me mwê not me mwê was me mwê wasn me AB 49 catastrophe LFP gnou katastròf wasn XII Use demonstrative prefix the meaning this that during this time pâdâ clearly momâ that moment Gallicism 225

,

),

mêm

?

apa

-

?

';

you happy

ou

?

'

';

(n

)

't

Aren

'

?

kôtâ

and

où in

.

.

208

ff

,

Northwest and Central

SCT

50

,

ô in

);

in

introduce depend

which

include the North yoû MH also

:

article

the South

,

;

in

)

'

+

of

the indefinite

')

conjunctions

('

subordinating

,

'.

yôn one

'

,

yô ( ff . =

51 .

220

apa

?

‘

?

Subordinators

Regional variants

Plateau

SCT

Are they coming you

ou

(p

, 1 . ? '; 81 .2 ) to : e ou . .g

-

(

.

2 6

it

-y

vini

(n ) (

.

2

. .

The

1

Isn ap t' -

'

,

and Subordinators which introduce clauses include interrogative particles èské ositive and apa egative which any clause and accompanied by question questions when prefixed form sharp rising intonation èské kôtâ Are you happy èské 226

AMERICAN

34

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

as ”

'

as

soon

;

osito

‘

that

'

‘

';

until

';

ké

’;

4

,

'.

examples

jiska

. 31 .2 (s . )

for

For

since

‘

( w )

p

iské

the fact that

cf .

'

‘ since '; dèské ‘

ké

ent clauses , include : jouk ‘until '; kâ ‘ when '; kou 'as'; si, sizoka ‘if '; sito 'as soon as . A number of subordinators are Gallicisms : e. g . dèké ‘as soon as ; dépi

,

,

in

(p

.

in

a

. , 30 . .

to

)

.

2 .3

of

refixation suffixation The three processes derivation and compounding are for the most part rare and are found but scatteringly large extent only Creole and learned words borrowed from standard Derivation

of

French

,

a

:

'

in

in

satisfè

'.

,

-

';

akt

>

';

-

'

-

>

'

tabat

in

’;

musician

‘

'

'

kol

in

'

in

-,

>

in

mizisiê

tabak tobacco

,

/ I; t

proof

prèv

neck

kou

in

-

'

vb

'

prèv

mizis

>

'

'

music

cheat

per

pèmisiô

hope

'

in

-

'

/ ' IV , vb / I

vb

'

-

'

>

/

vb

'

'

>

/

in

and

in

I - :

vb

in in

'

-

“

'. '>

'

in

- : s in ,

is

-

'.

‘

'.

'

' -

in

';

rabo

grâd

>

'

>

' ;

on

,

/ I;

vb

in

'

' ';

,

'

-

a

'.

,

'

,

IV

/

vb

'

'

make bigger

-

',

grosis

'.

in

-

padôn

pwazônê

a

pwazônê

: e .g .

words

in

in

-

pwazôn

' of >

a

number pardon

padô

‘

vb

' ' > '

'

poison

/ , I; in

:

I.

”

'

tapisri tapestry vb /

in

- ‘

“

in

bud

boutônê

in

-

big

lajâtri silverware

.

in

>

'

size

tapis

in a

>

”

/ I;

vb

grâ

cover

'.

'.

'

ané year

in

>

'

-

ess

‘ in

an -

'

-

'

,

murderer asasin vwézinaj neighborhood >

-

year

‘

,

in

in

i,

>

>

'

asasê

vwézin in â

With preceding

a

neighbor

>

vwezê

â

iii .

';

murder

preceding

'

.

ii

With

ê

/

poison

I.

vb

'

>

( n .) no '

kôplimâ

hat

kouvè

IV

/

-

grosè

in

'

,

'

vb in

' -

>

'

;

'. '>

to

‘

’;

-

>

'

, '

gros

pwazo

in

-

/

of :

‘

put have congratulate praise

kôplimâté

in

' -

in

, m,

' '

‘

boutôn

protection

protéksiô

liberty

chapoté

name Hôm nômê name after bases ending nasal vowel change With the preceding vowel

bud padônê pardon

possession

'.

I ‘ >

vb

'

protékt

freedom

in

-

in

-

>

I

/

vb

-

in

-

>

in

-

’

in

>

'

by'

, -

'

>

-

' '

'

'

mô “

'

.

libèté

roughị tapi carpet

n

i.

addition

chapot

enlarge

fat big

,

coarse

e

>

'

'

',

grâdis gro

in

d

grosié

protect

posésið

novena

lajât lajâ blanket silver plane rabot raboté cho hot chod chodé heat scald

)

(

size

posés

névèn

név

libè

hat kôplimât

kouvèti

in

. ' C. d s, ,

grâdè

'

'

in

kt

of

-

in in

Stem

>

lib

'

in

tool

-

plane

possess

nine protéj

free

>

b

'

kouvèl

f.

in

byof

' i, by

by

-

>

'. '

'

in

'

k

in c.

,

f a d . . 2. . e. . t, è f j d ' , / > > in in i/ u s

poséd néf

chapo

'

soften

mizik

pèmit

éspwa

satisfaction prove

prouv

triché

III

snuff box

compliment

'

éspwar

satisfaksiô

molis

trich

trick

Extension

‘

mol

replaced

trik

tabatiè

boutô

: è , -

>

/

soft necklace

permit

pèmèt

hope

-

,

vb

III

mou

kolié ch

éspér

satisfakt replaced

is

ou

.

b

'

' ';

wa

in

è

a

mission satisfy ol ,

replaced

is

. 1.

to

of

2

in

Stem Alternants occur number derivatives and are here listed according phonemes which they manifest the alternations Replacements Phonemes

asasinê

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL ]

Prefixation

rway - in rwayal ‘ royal , rwayòm ‘kingdom . occurs in the following form - classes and with the following

'

morphemes :

'

';

ti -

'

sè a

';

'

,

'

:

'

-

'

e . ti - .g

': '. ' : ; e

sè

ésister

' . ' . ',

'

‘

pound

liv

half pound

liv

-

démi

-

half

.g .

démi

. ' sg : .

. 2.

:

sister

drop

'

' ':

gout

ti -

from

ti

tic

considerations

drop

'

other nouns , by the prefixes : precede any noun (2.111 ), limited only by seman gout kouzê little cousin kouze cousin little dézòd little rascal dézòd disorder rascal little

are derived

1. ti- 'little ' , which may

:

Nouns

:

2 . 311 .

'

>

'

2 . 31 .

rwa ‘king

'

. y, in

-

g

:

,

'

'

.

,

( é )

is

- '

my

mô

';

m

syé

' '. ).

-

-d

e .g

':

or

-

'

-

bla

mô

.

' . . ' ' . : ' ' ( ' -' . , fi in ‘

51

.

,

-

' sir ';

‘

' ): :

: -

”

fi '

bo

m

fi '

as

law thing affording protection against

step

-

. . .sg :

'

;

medâm

”

-, - as in -

well

'

'

sir ,

' f. ' .sg

a

bo

4 . .

:

to

(

: '

zami friend

”

as

used

Mr White

white man syé mézâmi Dialectally mesdames dâm lady my daughter SCT mô 236 aughter daughter step

'

friends

dear

”

blâ

‘

-

'; ’ : :

or

'; my

m

-

chè

(

dear

”

chè

title used by country folk white visitors gentleman gentlemen mouché and mésyé

Man

chè

.) ‘

-

’ : mô -

(f ‘ ).,

ma

’ ; ;

'

gossip

sg

-

or

.pl

-

m

on

. .sg

.pl

m

( é )

;

-

,

m

. sg . f.

m

.sg ;

1

sir '

‘

-

3

my and having the possessive prefixes built The the root following forms ma only before syé and mou ché and mô elsewhere mé These forms occur only with certain respect ma tât my aunt nouns and adjectives indicating relationship tât lady aunt madâm madam dâm makòmè madam kòmè godmother

';

':

-

:

bèbèl smart looking

'

cv

:

'

:

' ‘

’ ' :

'

of

initical

.

)

'

,

negative

)

useful

'.

itil

‘

':

useless

‘

';

initil

dis -

:

':

dé -

de -

from

(

),

(

ê

Verbs are derived

before vowels

in

(

of 51 .

,

'

By

-' . :

in

in

déz

'

'.? ' ;

dd

:

by

.

In

1

?

.

2

. . .

reduplication

223

before consonants indisposed dispozé disposed

êdispozé

314

2

-,

un

;

in

'

:

,

'.

'

/ I:

'

-0

':

‘

vb

(

'

,

'

),

to

7

';

: .eg .

-'

un

dis

-,

-,

de

'

)

),

dé (

:

,

(

-

déz

before consonants

débat

.

'

(6 ; .1 )

.1 , in 2 . a ).

‘

tât

314

.

for verbs

-

as

as

dé -, -

in

of

would have the form

( 2

,

-

by

consonants

, it

before

in m

are true derivational prefixes not simply preposed possessive adjec shown the occurrence such possessive phrases ma mwê my aunt pre consonantal position No instances this prefix are found our material presum of

, 7

before vowels

That these forms

,

tives

Verbs with the prefixes

is

6

a

. .

2

'

bak

,

only before consonants Nouns with our material chapter this and with suffix débaké debark disembark kouraj courage boat dékourajé discourage

fn 1

.

cf

' :

:

'

'

'

,

'

’;

. 2.

one instance

bèl beautiful SCT prefixation

ably

vê

:

.

'

,

paravâ

of

. ';

.

2

“

rain

'

-

5

pli

':

parapli umbrella windscreen windshield wind 312 Nouns and Adjectives The prefix dis occurs endocentric agréyab agree derivation nouns and adjectives dézagréyab disagreeable despair hope dézéspwa éspwa able dézònè dishonor ònè honor dézòd disorder misbehavior order 313 Adjectives are formed from adjectives para

abiyé

';

to

overflowing

dézés péré

dress

';

'

bôdé

fill

:

“

out '

undress

':

';

dézabiyé

make

‘

paré

'

‘

';

préparé

:

,

duct prepare

-

-

-

duce

say

.

dzi

' :

di

conduct predict

:

:

:

prédi

-'

'

”

-,

-

pre

' empty

débôdé

kodi

with

con

-

. .

load

'.

"

:

' Mô

pré

chajé

hope

éspéré

“

b c

'

despair

';

'

unload

'

bat - beat

‘

déchajé

:

'

along'

' ':

' struggle

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

‘

AMERICAN

36

'.

ready

,

-

'-

' '; :

,

,

“

-

':

‘

';

)

re -

'.

,

‘

(

), r-

'

duct

réjété

'.

‘

': ':

‘

place

';

'.

‘

'

sipòté

'.

,

duct lead

plant

trans

'

';

trâspòté

Gallicisms

in

and occurs chiefly

.

‘ -

'

,

is

particularly scattering

plâté

,

:

'

': ' -

-

':

duce

,

'

'

'. ':

si

': '

;

' ' ; '

in

dwi

transplant

trâs plâté

by

.

:

in

:

:

pòt

evening

:

'

;

'.

“

:

pòtay

animal

'

bèt

)

(

an -

'

';

bét

-

cattle

:

': '

bétay

'

,

in

'

:

,

in

,

collective

sign

portal

'

.

râvoyé

back

nouns nouns are derived the following suffixes pòtal portal signal signal pòt door sign

From

ay al 'al '

a . . 1. 2.

duce

'.

' ; in

-'

'. -', ,

-',

' '

. ' : 32 .

Suffixation

' -é . -

plasé

tradwi translate

trans pòté carry

Suffixes occur the formation 321 Nouns

b

again

dwi

suppose pozé place put pozé under over pòté carry sivéyé watch over véyé watch sispân suspend pân hang

in

sus

sis - -' -'

trans

2

replace

sup

bear

trâs

port

’ :

'

’ :

,

' '

re

' -, 'in ' :

throw râplasé

sub

tra

j . . h. k

:

(

-

.g f. ' - ra , si - :

jété

support

âvoyé send

dismiss

of

ré

e

‘ '

reject

pozé put set before vowels rédwi reduce

propose

before consonants

send away

'

propozé

-'

'

pro

-

. d.

pro

'

';

';

';

filèt

‘

,

)

':

shirt

';

‘

'. ':

kôpâgni cover

,

kouvè

'

';

-

’ :

:

'

(z )

jealous

kouvèt

‘ ill '.

,

-

glas

lésiv

laundry

box

' '; ice ';

washerwoman

neck

'

glasiè

'

‘

. : ' . . ': kou

:

kol

bonbonnier krabié crab eater

': ’.

lésivyè

bôbôyé

gum

' ‘ ' ; ': ice -

with

':

thing connected kwizin kitchen

' ... ' : '

necklace

'

; ';

'

kolyé

';

':

cook

crabʼ

chémiz

jalou

blanket

'

,

disease

'

, :

'

)' :

of ié ' of “

‘

iè

person

(

‘

'

:

': ‘

kouvèti

'

,

companion

krab

milatrès man Negro

mal trunk

envy

sickness malad thing connected with tree bearing gumtree gômié gôm tree bôbô bonbon bird

‘

-

-

'; '

:

(

'

-

:

jealousy

. '; . . ' ', ':

’; ' :

jalouzi

“

,

-i

.

h

-

.j

-

.

k

kwiziniè

‘

'

fil

':

-

, .g

' ‘

kind kind

(a

a

maladi

devil nèg

'.

)

(

' ' , ' -'y ' : ';

:

'

'

‘

-

(

( la )

':

.f -

:

'

':

ès

‘

‘

èt

undershirt

collective chémizèt diminutive string malèt small trunk net mesh

tablecloth

lodyâsè

action

31 ).

aksiô

lodyâs conversation talkative person SCH dyabl dyab dyablès feminine she devil nègès Negress mulatto woman milatr milat mulatto prêsès princess prês prince

abstract company kôpâgn

‘

( la )

';

swaré

'.

board aksiôn

person

:

plâch

': ‘

':

plâché floor aksiônè active

year

: â ‘

'

‘

. . ',

ané year

' '

, in

,

in

'. of .

'

)

. d. -è é

e

collective agent

in

.

swa

(

swar

duration evening

"

C

'

door

AAITIAN

kwizinyèz

'.

:

'

'

';

'

plateau

plat

.

id

,

:

tapis

-

':

tapestry

'

';

gendarme police

'

':

)

,

(

-

tapisri

'

:

lajâ

-

laját

jâdam

silver

‘

:

‘

'

lajâtri silverware

'.

'. ‘

'

'

:

'

,

:

rwa king platô kat card

'

':

‘

;

tabak

music

belt sêtir sêti jâdamri gendarmerie police

:

sewing

';

(

-

kouti

:

tabat -

'

:

'

:

':

rway

-

dish

':

mizik

plate

cardboard

katô

sêtirô

)'

mizis

plat

' ' :

':

'-

hing

collective

ri

q

(t

'. ’; . - ,

flat

man

kingdom

augmentative

'

plate

'snuff -box ' :

'.

'

:

rwayòm

dom

koutir

: -

(

f ‘ .):

seamstress

' '

òm

. . -Ô -

0 p

:

:

. . -o - (f iê .) '

n

m

'

koutirièz

kwizin kitchen agent mizisiê musician diminutive plato tray

cook

‘

agent

ièz

. -

1

prizôn - : prizô ‘ prison '; tabatiè

'

prizôniè 'prisoner ' : ‘ tobacco '.

CREOLE

)

HALL )

tapi

tafyatè

spell

’

wâga

'

sorceress

';

secret

sékré

': '

'

)'

;

wâgatè

.

(

'.

'

round

,

fat

gro

'

richès

gros

:

young

size

':

grosè

-

‘ '.

strange

big

grâ

rổ

' ' : .

:

étrâj

'

-

':

'

riches

:

’

,

'

’;

'

wealth

rich

'.

‘

':

jènès youth vit quick

jèn

.

lôg

grâd

round

long

'

speed

size

:

,

'

' : : : :

grâdè

abstract

vitès

‘

rich

:

-

. . f. '; e. ' -s -n -iè

ès

abstract length

' bô ’; ' '

' ' : :

'

er '

-

-é

gà è

-

bigº

stranger foreigner

étrâjê

good

rôd

'

,

‘ :

,

:

d

; d. C. b. a. 2. lô

From adjectives by Reduplication bôbô bondon candy action involving characteristic

‘

secretary

sékrétè

drink

' ' ' : .

'

. . . ' ': : local

(a

‘

taffia

'

tafya

)31

:

drunkard SCH

,

fòj forge smithy

fòjrô blacksmith one connected with

:

tè

agent

' ‘

rô

.

- -

r. s

‘

rug

'. ”.

:

:

-

'

lib

' ‘ ‘

rô

': ':

';

'

';

'

:

‘

:

:

the root

eat

' ';

'

:

:

'

‘

,

of

mâjé

possession

gêgnê

)

-) ;

root nouris

(

IV

vb /

.

'

'

nouri nourish

':

májé food

having

80 – 1

'

(

'

'

food

. '

nouriti

IV

‘

'

';

: e .g .

of

' . : rot ' : ' : ..' , vb : /

To

‘

ii .

abstract pouri

':

.

névên

'.

'

,

,

To

' - ; ‘ -0 ti ‘

.

a

b

twelve

douz

'

dozen

quarter kat four the following suffixes added

:

katyé

verbs with

i.

‘

, -

'

';

. . of . : ':

douzên

'

:

about

nine

the simple form act with practically any verb knowledge gêgnê act kônê kônê know have soté jumping soté jump SCH decay

‘ ‘

. ': ':

. . .. . of

:

'

'.

addition

of

)

(

fractional

From

' '. ':

'

. , ' . . by ' ' .' ,

:

'

'

: ‘

yé

-

4

. .

b

‘

numerals amount név nèf

'

novena

,

‘ :

:

té

ên

-

3

From

a

'

-

. . '; .j

:

h

g

' ‘

in

one acting connection with êfimiè sick nurse èfim sick thing which has characteristic rôn ring circle round intelligent êtélija abstract êtélijâs intelligence kôsékâs conse quence kôsékā consequent important abstract belté beauty bèl beautiful libèté liberty libè free salté dirt sal dirty

pouriti

AMERICAN

'

'

/I ;

-

vb

' '

'

'

,

'

-

iii .

'

'

:

'

‘hope

'

'

/ I;

vb

'

'

:

ii .

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

abstract : prèv proof : prèv - : prouv- prove vb / I. 1 act of . . . , result of . . . : e. g . dégou ‘disgust : dégout - disgust ékla ( fragment : éklat - bursť vb / I; éspwa ‘hope : éspwar - : éspér ; respect réspè respect réspèkt vb / I ' ': -‘ ' vb / I . adò agent fouradò indiscreet person four éstick shove

-0

'

i.

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

'

'

-

, '

': ' ;

/

' I.

'

'.

IV ;

'

run

-

' '

)

“

' '.

'; -'

:

)

'

'

'

'

' ‘ /I . '

'

vb

':

’ :

/ I;

': ' :

séri

lock

'

':

.

';

-

- ‘

' '; '. /

' '

'

-

:

injure

blés

chos

III

vb

'

-

';

'

-

:

,

':

' '

’ :

jou

'

-

'

flânè

protect

bat beat

sore

'

'

-

hunt

- -

: ':

-

'

'. ': ‘

: ':

:8

'; :

:

:

,

egg beater

blési wound

sér

act

.

':

ambition

âbisiô

':

-

':

akt

III

' ; :

posésiô

vb

'

pèmèt

discussion pinisió poséd possession

:

'

';

'

sèvis service

exercise

'

égzés

-

:

'

'

. . . ':

,

of

ice

'.

in

diskisió permit

';

' , ;

-

'

'

-

':

és

':

‘

-è

a

earlier

,

represents

).

verb base an

-ò

the suffix

pozisið

(

'

resolve

exposition poz expose kôtri position poz place put

'

';

és

- ‘

rézol

,

speaking

' ' :

,

:

' ':

‘

Historically

pozisiô ution kôtribi contribute

-

sið

/

- II .

-

vb

)

.

ition

resolution

.

heať

chod

- ' ' ' ' ; ': '; ' ' vb ' ' / ‘

/ IV : ' ;

pèmit

punish

)

(

decide

désid

permission

pini

pot

chodiè

';

' ' -' ' ' : :

' ' :

'

hinder

bar

decision

'

'; :

pèmisiô

pinis

contribution

eur

gate

désiziô

on

'

be '.

-( ' -is i

.

': :

-

ion

‘

8

batèz

means

chas

protéj

.

iè

- XV ' .- . -

'

-

-

xvii

/ -

protékt

Also verb bases aksiô action ambitious égzésis act exercise

serve

'

sèv

vb

'

kach

,

èz

-

-i

.

,

'

'

xii . ';

' ‘

'

' '

possess

-|

‘

agent alimèt match light chosèt sock alim jwèt game play kachèt hiding place sifl whistle

agent bariè

diskit discuss punishment

or

:

:

‘ '

flân

instrument

Aiô

rézolisið

combine

kôbin

shut

xiv

bisiô

en

fiâsay

lounger

hunter

chasè

"

in

, ‘ '- '

ix

‘

'-

instrument

clothe with hide siflèt whistle

xvi

console

beat

many verbs

combination

kôbinézô

footgear

âbit

' ‘ IV ; ' on;

-

protector

close

pay

vb /

protéktè

effect

' ' '

'; '; or

'

er '

lounge

xiii

-

'

‘

és

. . ': e g

“

': )

ation agent

ézô

kôsol

kourâ current kour rémâ lover rém love jwisâs enjoy asirâs assurrance asir assure enjoy suffering soufrâs soufr soufri suffer Ain rékônésâs gratitude rékónét rékônèt recognize

,

,

'- ‘

âs

(

-

Preceded

result

péy

X

/

jwi

by

vb vb

ance

jwis

III

:

“

' ': ,

-

-

'

:

'

vb / / . . xi II . . : . II; vii . - '; è- - . -â èt

agent action payment

péyâ

viii

: be ' ' : '; és : - ‘ : fly '. ' ' - : ' ': ' ' ': . ‘ ' ‘ ' ' ' ( : vb vb - / ' ' ; / ( I;

(

'- ’;

kôsilt consult kòsolasið consolation abstract collective batay battle bat fyâs affiance volay fowl vol

ay ':

.vi -

gagement

-‘

of

'-

,

aj

'

. ' . : . :' )' e.g ' . :

“

.

-

iv

' ‘

. -

v

sultation

ment

vb

pal talk talkative person âtouraj circumference age act âtour surround dôdinaj brotaj moving déménagement dangling rocking brot move contrary dôdin rock kôtraj contrariness kôtr plikasiô explanation plik explain asiô ation kôsiltasiô con paladò

later borrowing

from

French

HAITIAN

HALL )

CREOLE

, added :

xviii . -mâ -ment

the root in verbs of classes I and IV : e.g . amizmâ ' amusement ' : amiz - 'amuse '; âgajmâ ' trouble ' : âgaj - 'hinder' ; aplodismâ ' applause ' : aplodis (aplodi ) applaud vb / IV . A

.

to

B

.

to the simple

'

'

sâtimâ ' feeling

'

in

xix . -0 means , place , result : fouro scabbard : four - shove, stick dungeon : kach - hide ; roulo roll ( e. g. of money ) : roul - roll .

'

'

liar

mâtò

' lie '

'

watch

'; kacho

mât

/ II .

-

':

' ':

'

gadò " child -tender

'

';

'

'

'

'

-ò agent:8

'

-gad

'

xx .

vb

'

II : batimâ ‘ ship ’ : bat - (bati ) 'build ’;

verbs of class : sât - ( sâti) ' feel'. form

vb

'

'

-

'

';

';

‘

'

:

-

‘

,

':

':

'

chigger

communal

'.

:

“

(

)

-

'.

: '.

,

‘

of

':

chik

:

chiggery

'

charitable

‘

pitit

.1 ) :

:

,

';

'.

fear

-

(

-

( '. )pè ) '

' ' :

'

': '

' ,

crime

gro

jòlòt prettyish

joli

rough

:

:

gros

,

coarse

’

grosiè

“

':

being

'.

:

' '

)

(-

vis vice

sâs sense

.. .

quality

'

having

of :

,

'

in

-

',

ible sâsib sensible adjectives with

'; '

vicious thievish

èz

‘ :

to

':

by ‘

i:

visié

danger

'

(

cf

112

i.

. . a. 2. f. ii . '. -òt -iè ib

From

repose

'.

'

-

rest

:

':

,

' ‘

. . .. 2 . ':

chikata

'

III ;

' - vb /

.

/

'

':

'

/ :

'

-

‘

:

répoz

III

mouchwa pikwa

pass

dâjér dâjé Added directly the noun dâjéré dangerous noisy uproar pèrèz pèr éskâdalé éskâdalèz éskâdal timid Preceded

’. '

'

- :

,

.

/

vb

III

:

,

''- in al ': ' ; ', '. ‘ '- ' èz

-

e

. d. -é -

commune having ous

double

.

':

'; '

:

'

'

'

:

';

'

, -

- :

:

'

,

1

' - ‘ al ab

.

C

doubl

little one child preceding vowel charitab able with elision charity mizérab miserable mizér mizè misery rwayal royal rway rwa king kominal

charité komin

III

stop

are formed

nouns with piti little small

From

ata

b

.

.

-%

-

' '

a 1 2 . . . .

Adjectives

bouch

beater bat beat paswa strainer pas the nose batwè

handkerchief mouch blow pick axe pik prick sting répozwa resting place sipriz sipri surprise surprise xxv action 322

cork

':

'

'

- ' ' ' vb

wè instrument

defend désân descend

défân

' '

'

II;

vb ’ ': / :

:

,

-

abstract défâs defence abstract désât descent

wa ' -,

-

xxiv

' ' '

‘

'

.

s

xxiii

. . .-

xxii

-

'up ;

bouyô

: : :

,

agent result augmentative bouchô stopper bouy boil broth doublô doubloon

-ô

xxi

:

'

'

:

preceding vowel

)

with elision

of

diminutive

(

b

'

big

:

to

added

the lengthened form twazyèm

SCH

.

the other ordinals are not much used

73 )

two

' ';

:

':

déz

dé

to

'

th

-

ó

added

second

'

-

yèm

dézyèm

(

';

:

able

in

' .12 ), , :

(2

chiefly

,

ab

-

.

with the suffix

three verbs with twa

',

From

.

4

twaz

a

':

third

'

numerals

From

the numeral

'-

of

.

3

'

pretty

(MEMOIRS , 74

AMERIC AMERICAN V ANTHROPOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION

. The root , in notab notable : not - note vb / I ; raisab (rai) 'hate ' vb / IV . ii . Simple form , in sèviab 'helpful' : sèvi ' serve ' vb / II .

vol

vb

in

abisyèz

other verbs

done

,

the condition bouché stopper

' 'in

/ I;

'

-

-

form

Ai

),

to

the simple

'brag

‘

Preceded

-

thievish

'

‘

be

,

(

-0

fé

to

steal

volé volèz

the root :

to

fèt

' do ')

-

'

:

do

fè a

vâtadò

wander ambitous

-

drivay

rais

of . . . ing ', added : pal - ' talk ';

' '. .

.

.1 ) :

112

(2

'

,

-

,

-

'

' '

ing

'hateful' :

ótalkative '

paladó

and added verbal participle meaning make bouché stoppered

(

.

';

slow

the verb base âbit

added

-t

d

'

forming

'

the characteristic

girl

wandering

ambitious

:

.2 ) :

. . .

.

'

?

(2

to

-

:

is

,

of

'.

,

'

:

boulé

'

' '

:

' in

,

is

in

‘

’;

'

:

'

'

,

, of

'; ‘

' '

)

fèt

-

(

fèk 3 .

';

burned boulé burn mouri dead mouri die kwit cooked kwit cook The verbal force these participles evident that addition verbal complements just they may occur with the aspectival prefix fèk 251 142 just made just born With some verbs the meaning the participle thus formed active

:

made

er

ish

. - é - èz '-

C

drivayèz

'

'

having

mizado “ slow ' : miz - 'be gart ' : vât- 'boast , brag '.

:

. -adò '- er ,

b

'

by :

'

' '; of of . . all . ’. ' ' :

i

';

]

'up ; ‘a

:

-

‘a

-

';

fèk

'a

-

is

up 'a '; it,

'a

';

(k

'a

';

';

a

';

'

';

'.

'a

'

jé

'

dé lâ -

on

chimê glisé the slippery roads gnou pitit kônê wise nowing child biting animal gnou bèt mòdé gnou fâm bliyé kléré two shining eyes forgetful woman With others you chwal mouri medio passive dead hung standing gnou kâpé bagay horse rad kroké clothes nôm man mâjé kwit kaché hidden thing cooked meal you bèt fèt new born

kôt )

(

kôtr

-

in

'-

écontrary

kôtrè

':

ary

è

with

',

prepositions

From

,

.

4

'.

animal ‘

'.

against

-

is

in

,

'

';

'

' ' :

),

to

: n( ).' -e ; :

'.

,

is a

'

:

'

. )‘b ‘ ‘ .

.

a

work

travay

profit

bénéfis

':

travay

'

vb

sign

”

‘

'

':

broom

balé

;

'.

'

e g

sweep

:

i.e

(

/

balé

.

:

'

fléris kroupis

' '; ' ;

flatten

':

big

“

grâ

platis

-

soft

gentle

‘

' - ': '. '; :

'

':

dous

grâd

mou

:

-

mol

'

in

/ I,

-

-

sign

'

. . .

soften

bénéfisié

cool off

enlarge

’ ‘ :

-

dousis

grâdis

'

';

)

'; ‘

'

'

: e .g ' .

IV

/ 1 , flè

signifié signify

flower rump molis

(

-

flér

kroup

' ' :

squat

plat flat

'

vb

ify

-

'

-2 -

causative

flower

involving

action in vb /

' .

.

( n .) '

:

:

vb

'

-0

.

b

.

. d. e

right

klè

III

perform

- - ( n : is - ifi - .) ' '

C

‘

'

'

,

: '; e. vb / .g I( klér

profit

' '

' : :

On

.

',

-0

a

'

brighten work

ki . '

added

. 1. 2.

'-

Pronouns to

.

.

2

An indefinite pronoun formed with the suffix kôk who kikôk anybody whoever 324 Verbs are found nouns and adjectives with the suffixes simple form many made with added the noun avâtajé encourage avâtaj instances ataké attack atak attack advantage donkey polish bouriké work like bourik donkey kléré 323

ever

HAITIAN

HALL

f. - ôn - intensive vb/ I, in 2 . On adjectives , with :

CREOLE

:

mangle

rachômê

rach

axe

.

/ I , in chofé 'heat ' : cho 'hot '. vb / I, in pròpté ‘clean ' : pròp ' clean (adj.) '. , 3 . On verbs with : a . -ad - frequentative vb / I : pousadé 'push repeatedly ' : pous- ' push '. b . -aj- intensive vb / I : fourajé 'rummage ' : four - ' stick , shove '. C. - ay - continuative vb / I : toûnayé ‘keep turning ' : toûn - ' turn '. dangle” : pady - hang ” ; tich d . - an - frequentative vb / I : padyane

. -f- causative b . --- causative

vb

(verb base ). 2 .325 . Adverbs are formed on adjectives , with 1 . t , in tou ‘ very , completely ' : tout ‘all'. 2 . -mâ ‘ - ly ', on almost other adjectives

bâdamâ

';

'

':

,

'

bâda

ordinarily

òdinèmâ

‘

is '

of :

:

'

:

of ' in

'

koté place

on

,

kot where the formation

in

Elision final vowel Compounding occurs

. . ' . .

:

'.

at

ka of ‘

. 2. 2. 2. 1. 2. ‘ 33 ’; (3 . . , . . in

elegantly

':

, :e

.g .

all

:

elegant dousma gently sweetly dous gentle sweet ordinary òdinè Prepositions are derived from nouns with 326 kay house the house

‘

âmê

'

':

pichk - 'pinch

‘

':

often

'.

' pinch

‘

a

Nouns based Noun Phrases having the structure attribute head head at figurative meaning jwèt tribute and usually with transferred jwèt round game joke popo big shot nèg important man popo nèg big man dyé statue dye good Lord twa dégout plant poison drops m ayi bouyi dégout kind violent twa three kind mayi bouyi boiled corn pwésô fri unimportant person pwésô fried fish

gro

:

'

of '

:

kabrit hypocrite

30

';

-po

': ‘ a

fri ‘ of -

:

-

'

‘a -

zo

’; ti -

'; ‘

'

'

rô + -

or

(a

nâ

';

‘

of

-

-

-

:

';

'

‘

'

+

-

'

's

in a

)

-

(é )

-

pasé

tèt

'

'. ': ';

to

raj

zero

:

suffix

hypocrite

'

souflé

':

a

,

with

-

break

maré

mark

clauses mòdé

20

. . . ': '; ':

'

':

-

pull

bear

'

or

,

and

mak

';

':

poté

predicates

suck

of '

'a

-

scarred

' ,

trênê

(

+

or

(é )-

, ' ' lit . ;

a

bone breaker kasé lâvi mouri want die pasé raj kind erotic dance

':

'; is

‘

sousé

nô -j

';

-

“

of

'

'a

'

'

the head who

plant

person

verb phrases

:

of

-

poté mak

- he

tie

'

maré tèt

';

'

20

’;

'

- :

a

: -

'

.

3

kind

imprudent

Other types trênê parasite

-

'.

)

(

':

'

’; ‘

' '

surpass rage

sousé

kasé

lâvi mouri

bandanna

;

-

(3

he

'

mâjé keep food bones

in

:

'

of

'

,

-

'a

nô

jwèt

. 2 . .25 1 .a ),

':

-

wèt zôbi nâ bwa zombie the woods play nickname name for having the structure verb Verb Phrases noun direct object thing meaning agent p erson and with the which chikâne vwazinaj sour herring bay kal chikâné vwazinaj cheat the neighborhood gives cupboard bay give mâjé gad gad who blow kal blow

'

plant

' :

front kind

'

‘

krab

little Jesus crab skin dévâ kind flower zôbi dousmâ hypocrite zôbi zombie dousmâ softly

krab

‘

bone zôbi nâ bwa

-

ti -

Jézu

'; 'a

in po

nâ -

'

:

'a

[

]'

-

;

nèg mòn hill billy nèg mòn man small goat Cassandra bouch kabrit mouth Jézu

dévâ

':

gro

-

bouch

'

bô

the hills

';

':

's : ‘ ' '

-

'

',

a

gro

';

bô -

’;

'

‘ ' : ;

'

“

fry

or

+

,

:

,

) ' ,

gro

of or

'

':

rô

21

-

1

331

AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

ASSOCIATION

, 74

(MEMOIRS

of

'

';

m

I'

‘

go ké

a

ni ,

va

-

:

'

bô

'.

girl

).

(

'

name given

a

'

it -

-

m

atò

‘

':

yé a

fi

grandiose

,

jé

-

' fò : '

sèch grâ

demeanour

'

chiré

jé

';

lit .

-

'

jé

'; , '

dry eyed showy

'. ':

grâ

boastful

gra bâda

-

,

: ‘

'

great taste

'

pompous

big eyes

daring

meaning

bahuvrihi

with

gro

'

-

sèch

grâ gou

:

:

'

jé

';

eyes

-

.

,

grâ chiré

ribbon

-

on

lit

,

strong

hungry

gou

noun phrases big eyed

‘

', 2. '

'

eyed

'

big

g (r ) ’; a- ': jé - ' fò

bâda

:

')

gro

';

eyes

based greedy

jé

. . . .

(“

lit .

strong

dry

'

be -

is

Adjectives

332

.

2

it

:

enough daughters names are thus formed Asé asé hoped she will when the last female child

having

sâ

' '; :

'

ké

-

'

- ni -

of

' li

: :

Fi '

'

va

’ '; ;

‘a

-

bô

atò m

a

-yé

(i )

-l

vit

':

a

'

så

';

'

go

':

of

vit (

'

sès

and blow '; lésé - grênê ' insouciance ' : lésé grênê 'allow to drop plant géri get well quickly kind kind lagé brid kêbé lage brid flower sès without cessation rout kêbé let the bridle and grab the tail vât tatterdemalion vât vegetable good with bare belly kind now kou the present time kou the how stands Many proper

'bit

mòdé souflé off ; géri -

Pronouns with the structure personal pronoun attribute mêm forming emphatic pronominal compound intensive mwê mêm me myself mêm he himself 334 Verbs with the structure verb verb the first verb being mâgnê only just mâgnê you could have touch little bit koté +

-

:

'

out for

minute

a

-ap -

' 'll

we mâgnê géi

kò -

mâgnê sòti

-

go m

-

vin

sa -

a

t-

ou

talè

n -a

';

he '; 's

a

':

minute

)

me for just mâgnê mâjé

a

(

+

,

‘

,

,

,

to

come

'.

li -

';

.

'

>

.

2

'

'

or

an

.

,

333

self

a

ulé a

-t -a -

+

’:

big

is by

'

-

dé

from

their

' '

grâ

=

'

'

there

'

la

by

the world

in

never

'

jâmê

preceded

or

!

I

',

inside

m

'. ';

l ' ’; 's

so

to

sit

a

'I ' m

'; -l

:

' dâ grâ . ‘ of -

in

, ‘

dâ

-

dé

'; +

-

-

m

‘

' 'I

,

. -

‘

little

a

a

ou

ti -

of

di -

-

m

.

2

dâ 1 .

The adverbial element there inside Adjective adverb

2 ' .

-

la

-

li

’;

l-

inside

eaten

a

she having good time mâgnê grâgou little bit little hungry mâgnê chita gout would have liked for him down little mâgne kichdy come little closer proché can tell you something 335 Adverbs compounded

soon

.'

‘

-

is

shown mâgnê

-ap ,

,

as in

.

),

+

verb are compounds not phrases 142 the example given

(2

by

9

of

mågnê That these combinations occurrence preceded inflectional prefixes enjoying

géi

'.

jâmê never

just

PHRASE - STRUCTURE

3.

IN

Haitian

, as

Creole

other Romance languages , the place of a single form or a phrasally or clausally bound form ) may be

in

,

(normally

a free form utterance by a non -maximal combination of forms , or phrase . The structure of Creole phrases is discussed in this chapter . They fall into three main types : universal combination - types , endocentric phrases, and exocentric phrases. 1

taken

in an

3. 1. Universal Combination - Types ' are such as occur with free forms , phrases , or clauses of any function ; usually the forms combined thus are parallel in each part of the combination . They are here subdivided according

of connective elements . Without Connectives . A series of expressions linked together with no connecting elements may have one of the following meanings : repeated two or more times : 1 . With the same expression Emphasis a. or intensification : yô bèl bèl fi 'a very beautiful daughter '; the presence and distribution

to

. .

big

3 11

';

-

a

'; l-

a

'

';

';

'I ‘

-

-t -a -

m

';

he

‘

‘

'; ; li

of

'

'.

, ';

)

'

,

ish

. . .

-

'

. . ( . 1. ': ' 72

'

a

the first syllable blâch blâch whitish on

a

he

té

kâpé kâpé they were completely standing Repetition with emphatic stress and sliding tone slightly the first form gives meaning

Tô of

yo

- ‘

';

mapou tree ‘a great big , blâch blâch very white very very salty dous dous sweet salé salé tiré tiré tiré would have great deal gayé shot number times vâsé vâsé has advanced gayé will stretch out enormously nou rivé rivé we have arrived altogether gro gro mapou

yô gro

to

. . .

'

two and walked and

'.

, :

.

)'

,

,

, ’;

';

‘

,

li

lit .

(

2

lougarou

zòbòp

'.

'; pa

,

-

’;

,

to

,

zèb

‘

to

,

,

's

, ,

-

ten years

m

, ,

,

,

,

yo ,

,

or

nine

‘

nèf diz

â

'.

caressed me

Alternative

:

,

me

bo m

-m

';

kissed

.

b

,

me

'

, of

-

a

bèt

'

:

,

bananas

viân

by ,

-

zôbi

,

'I

yo

pwa yo

,

diri

m

,

yam

,

a

werewolves zombies sorcerers yams rice beans meat kômâsé bay dlo okipé bèt papa châjé lòt savan tayé pou bay chwal my father animals giving water taking care bêgnê started the changing pastures cutting grass give the horses animals them into other bathing them mâmâ dodinê mwê karésé mwê my mother dandled

bânân

Enumeration

Nôk plotônê diskité after

‘

by

'

,

two

she walked

. . . off ';

' '

yo

.

yô

'

li

they dropped

he

:

maché

‘

much discussion discuss discuss With different elements

. .

grênê youn youn

the people walk

kouri kouri ran and ran and ran Uncle pulled and pulled and pulled diskité

,

kouri

plotônê

yo

a

of

’;

ten

,

li

';

li

'; ,

plotônê

,

yô

dé

yo

ten

one moun maché Duration maché maché

walked

'

';

(

'

by

came

dé

they

'

by

.

c

one

42 )

(s

'

'.

vini dis dis

li li

yo

a

.

:

b

‘

'

'; ' ' ;

tô

lightly piquant piké piké roundish salé salé somewhat salty slightly bitter dous dous sweetish SCH kiyè kiyè kiyè giving bay chak moun Distribution each by spoonful apiece Repetition person numeral indicates

AMERICAN

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

Successive events : m -kêbé li, prâ ti-plat- la ' I grabbed him [and ] took the little dish ' ; mwê tôbé krié , di . . . ' I fell to crying [and ] said . . . ' ; ti-kouzê m -nâ vini prâ ti- plat mwê , l-alé avè lakay li “my little cousin came and took my c

.

put

tèt

mété zorèyé âba

nou

she

'

li,

do

aba

mété

,

,

town (and ] she bought little black shoes

to

li

li

-

';

la

li

nwa pou mwê 'my mother went prâ twal me tân nat

for

little dish [and ] went with it to his house '; mâmâ- m al lavil , l- achté ti - soulié

of

it

,

it '

pitit

poté

an

just

the ear

'.

-

'

la

gnou

3

. 13 .1 ) .

' cf .

yo

just them

,

'

':

sèl

(

,

'

,

,

' '

.

on

';

-a

';

all ] li

is

[

b

kôsèy

; . . . ,

eye inside

'a

ak

madâm one canary

single

a

. . . ,

a

of

single

alone with his wife gnou grên kanari gnou grên kalòt single box the child brought subject pronominal expressions gnoû grên But with and follows The adjectives sèl alone only just and mêm even

grên

by

,

-

-

with

unit

a

'a dédâ

â

jé

=

grain

grên

grên

ni ‘

yoù

yô

. . .

‘ ’:

ak

.

a

The nominal phrase alone

just one

preceded

:

of

,

1

is

in

:

With Preceding Connective only one main element There the combination introductory expression one the following types

-

,

:

of

is

'

ak

-

. 3. '. 12 .

ak

'.

a

]

, d.

[

,

stretched out the mat she took cloth she under the back the bed and put pillows under our heads explanatory The second element the first mai moulê kwit âsâm pwa piti mi pwa ground corn cooked together with peas little millet and peas

he

-

’;

'

kabaré

-

tas

cup

'

ak

‘

my

é

’;

:

'

or ')

swat father

';

and

épi

and

only before the last

'; ';

and tray

’;

,

ak

‘ '

indeed

my mother

‘

-

ou

‘

';

ou

or

(

as

,

or

ak

';

else papa

m

or

-m

mâmâ

bye

la

ké

he

'

' , ,

gê

-pa

,

is

'

'

':

ké

,

-ppli '

'

é

'

l-

a

osnô

'; : ’ ;

‘

té

li -

té

- :

a

';

. 2.

a

and then

element

'. ‘ ',

pa

-

'

'.

as

A

.

e

‘

joined together more main elements coordinator such with and avèk with

There are two

With

' ’. ’: ké '

‘

'

';

‘

a

.

c

'.

alone mêm even advice only preské you kal chak jou The adverbs prèské almost and beating only present every day almost When the clause always negative contains the element not Kômè Laroz kêz goud only gourds Sister Rose had the fifteen coordinator such and épi and then mê but especially intro Epi ducing iti pasé mwê and then clause mêm was smaller lajistis than me mê rémé but loved justice them

big and

,

ti '; li

nâ

'

- é m -

li

,

to

pa

take away the apé boukânê

pòtrè swat gnou

trèz

twelve

or

gnou

'; kè,

-

-l

person

'

'; ou

';

douz

’; ' ';

,

on

m

“ a

or

an

or

a

'

heart

eye

wété

or a a -

la

-

';

sit

';

it

to

or

,

- ll

I'

jé

‘a

down wét pitit osnô away bèf osnô moun cow cooking potatoes fighting

not

child else take patat osnô apé goûmê portrait osnô gnou

gro

he

, '; -

-m

nâ

,

he

li

‘

-

sit

down

or

or

'

chita

to

to -

a

,

li

'

é

-m

li

-

'

é

';

ti -

'

maniòk dous avèk amè sweet and bitter manioc prâ mwê gadé volé the angel took me and flew kouzé my grabbed wè mwê kêbé little cousin looked saw me and me abiyé mwê pou mênê chapèl épi vini you dimâch matê mété soulié nâ pié mwê she came one Sunday morning she dressed me take my feet chita osnô me the chapel and then she put the little shoes

lâj

large

grâ

thirteen

HAITIAN

nâ - kwizin ou bye courtyard ' .

‘ in

nat nâ -lakou

sou

CREOLE

the kitchen

or else

. kil . ki .' : ti -

HALL ]

on

mat

a

in the

yo kô

sa ou

ba

-

a

bèt

-

pa -pa -tpa té -

ki

m

bèt

ki

-

' li

ki m

-

la

)

of

.

ni

pa

ni

a

'

a

';

or

‘

, I or

on

of

. . .

' ')

-

-

ap

-

lè n

alé

-

-

ap

ni

,

lèd swa trò pòv

lè n

(

not the whole body either too ugly too poor toûnê how would be either

-

a

,

swa

' tè '

trò

(a

',

' kò

'

and

the predicate prefix

bwa

pròp âkò they speak evil

mal

drink châté châté bèt SCH 171 giving meaning alter lways with negative ele

sing

,

or

. . or .

'

';

swa

ou

pòté

ni

':

-

m

ap

tout

pròp

’;

even

to

't

'I

't

palê

'.

';

ki

yo

';

't

-pa

-

(n ) or

swa

the ground

on

be

kôtâ

(m )- ,

or

)

the tree jâm

either

mê never

jâ

. . .

. . as .

n

'(

swa

the adverb

sou

a

swa

either

pròp

coordinator before each element

with

such

willing

m

' ' ;

sa

.

c

With

',

ment

ti -

do

'; , '

of

a

't

of

't

‘

pa

t--

kapab bwè can the creature wasn even able

bwè

châté

native

have given that mwê mwê

wouldn

clean any more

even

me

even

I

children

wasn

ki

even

he

-

to

' '

,

interposed between the two b . With the same element repeated and repetitions giving meaning emphasis even maché even the animals don walk like you moun moun

carrying you

'.

s

'; 'of; it

he ' he

a

.a ),

to

or

to

]

is

'.

of a

;

,

li -

yo

fi -a

:

)

vlé

-

,

m

-l

vlé

sa yô

lòt ou

-a

tou

tou

bågay âkò

oh ’

la

’;

as “

=

of

a

or

,

'

just like that for this person pitit for this person

’;

‘

com meaning

mêm

mêm as

sa a o

’;

sa a

';

,

mêm

adding

a

sa o -d ) ,

or

';

the little girls kou for my table moun moun

form

-

',

,

for

mêm

o

.

'

' ‘

as as

(

' -a it 's

of

of

as

),

its

Endocentric Phrases such fulfill the function the phrase head fall into the same classes

as

' , . or

as

'

the minor clause

same

reduplicated

me Malice

(

contained

mêm

for this child

in

.

3 .2

mêm

mêm mêm

o

’;

mwê Malis

mêm

yo

fi

ti -

:

tab mwê

then

very

mêm

mêm

-

.

3

'.

';

,

too

';

‘

then

‘

kroupi koté

m

-

me too

tou

I

gnou grên

mêm

171

]' . (

':

,

';

’;

,

'

see

a

by

lit ' . of

or

'

.

'

2

'I

tou

'

bination thereof emphasis sé

(

'

is

[

to

I

in

as

,

the clause broté herself alone SCH âkò still yet mwê mêm

[

the end herself

The adverbs tou also myself squatted down beside him too mwê tou whatever you want want too épi and

still another thing The adjective

-l 3.

. .

sa .

-

a

t-

' It 's

-

+

,

, byat is

noun subject the noun pronoun gnou grên the girl carried them

‘

'I

l-

sa

Just one

‘

la

-

a

with

canary all the child brought you alone came This order obli the first two examples above with recapitulated pronominal phrase consisting poté

vini wè pronoun subject

grên

m

-a

-

gatory

grên pitit

gnou gnou

mêm

‘ 12 .1 :

of

li

'a

-

';

: li -

off or

kanari ou

. , 'I' . m . ,

ni

, ,

ni

.

13

1

. 3.

-

';

pa

to

either when we are going when we are return ing mwê kapab vân lwé not able either sell rent him With Following Connective one the following only single The phrase gnou grên after nominal pronominal phrase only gnou grên mêm raché could pull kapab capable mwê mêm gnou grên könê alone know what

one the forms the forms whose

).

( 2 .

133

who

'

pronoun

?

relative

ki '

identical with the interrogative

-

whether this

is

uncertain

ki

is

1

It

.

place they take

46

AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

3.21. Nominal phrases — — those which take the place of nouns in further constructions — have the basic structure shown in Figure 2 . In this figure , classes of forms which may occur as attributes before and after the noun head are shown in the order in which they may occur ; those elements of the phrase whose inclusion is optional are enclosed in parentheses .

FIGURE

)

+

INTERROGATIVE

(

+

)

(

+

')

+

+

)

(

)

yo )

. or

.

+

(

+

)

by

yo

PLURALIZER

)

+

(

( (

)

,

(

+

)

(

+

)

(

+

(

)

+

(

)

+

DEF

(

DEFINITE ARTICLE

DEMONSTRATIVE

S

DEMONSTRATIVE

OG

)

+

or

)

)

Or

.

(

. +

(

,

tive

pose

each

(

chak

ART NUMERAL INDEFINITE ADJECTIVE NOUN NOUN parti ADJECTIVE ADVERB NOUN indicating characteristic rate extent NOUN indicating possessor VERB indicating pur preposition EXOCENTRIC PHRASE introduced CLAUSE +

(

or

all '

“

INDEF head

sé

OF CREOLE NOMINAL PHRASE

STRUCTURE

(tout

2

ART

:

)

‘ '( H

;

(

';

‘

sé

yo

' '; all ‘

-

:

momâ that moment

what

person

,

moun

'

ki

':

,

ki '

'.

,

c . ?'. .

An

'

la

.

'

a

',

sé

chak désân every descent The demonstrative that clear Gallicism maniòk that manioc interrogative especially what which b

)

all

ti

':

‘

’;

]

'. '

provision sé

or

'

‘

all [

'; '

' ';

‘

';

.

a

.

1

in

Attributes preceding the head come the following order The adjective tout all chak each tout dézòd the little naughti nesses tout asièt the plates tout twa moun three people chak kay each house chak mèkrédi every Wednesday chak proviziô each

you

kilòt ròx

ti -

' ‘ ; ' :

two big author pitit any okên

'

an

indefinite

dé

or

'; ,

a

,

)

.

numeral

chèz

'a

of

you

'

â

'; ';

twaz

'; ' ' ; ;

ities

223

gro otorité chair kat piti bwa four little sticks

shorts three years

‘a '

‘a

d

The indefinite article

little pink pair

(2

who

bad

tâ

'; ; ';

':

mové

' ' '

enormous

kout short piti little

'; ';

same

';

'

kokên chên

mêm

‘

kokên

mal male

‘

’;

big

'

';

young

kòd

young

'

jâ

fimèl bourik

an jên

gnou kokên chên

' '; ';

'

rat

-

enormous

'

-

'; ';

gro otorité

' ' ;

'

an

=

rat

the last trip great authorities

dénié vwayaj

la

one fine day long time

'

bô

‘

kokên

enormous

is

to

'.

';

,

'

';

lòt

';

'

’;

'a

of

If

an

'

gnou

great

kout priè little prayer souvni other memories gnou mâlmâ dyob extensive racket mové gasô bad boy piti soulyé nwa little black shoes adjective and noun be reversed emphasis the order thus given

';

rope

tâ

-

‘

people

you gâ

'; ' ; :

Thus she ass

jou

.

‘

';

mâlma very and undoubtedly others

'

';

'

'

, '; , : bô ' ' ‘ ' '; ', '; ' or ' '.

'.

'; ‘

'

‘

lòt other

jên

big

';

gro

of

';

great

'

8

(r )a f .

‘

';

.

e

of '

lòt

pil

â

kèk jou

';

few days kèk moun some people kèk parâ some relatives bagay many other things tròp too much plis One the adverbs plis more mwês less more time mwês diri less rice tròp bri too much noise good One the following adjectives dénié last fimèl female

child

HAITIAN

HALL )

CREOLE

‘a good child ' ~ gnou pitit bô ' a good child '; gnou woman ' ~ gnou madâm gro ‘ a very big woman '. f . Occasionally , a noun indicating a characteristic or (more frequently ) Wednesday Sunday morning you mékrèdi matê a title : dimâch matê morning you toro bèf bull bull bovine animal bòs tayé master :

the adjective

gnou bô pitit

'a St .

kôpè

', ' '.

,

'

+

'

of

'

, :

etc

).

.

33 in

(3

'

'; '

;

)'

' ki ;

ki

of

.

‘

of as

in

. .

2

kalité traka

Ristil

Uncle Bouqui what valè value kind things bagay what kind nôk Bouki

found attribute valè what kind mess Attributes following the head come this order An adjective indicating characteristic quality is

kind

' '

kalité

‘

ki or

An

'

';

Brer Rooster msyé Déroch Desroches exocentric adjective phrase consisting

kòk

'

Mr

‘

Ristil Brother

Frè

';

.

‘

Sê -

-

a

(

'a

lit .

a

you

';

Dr Dorsinville

Doktè Dòsêvil

';

tailor

';

' a big

gro madâm

gro

'; be

to

nèg malê

fô

'; ); ,

.— (

'

ti -

’;

';

clever man

'

’; , '

‘a

English man

an

âglé

you nòm

'

family

‘ lit .

. 21 .1 .e :

3

in

=

';

' '

m '; té -

a

for

saj

,

,

a

most adjectives except for those discussed fam midwife wise woman chat marô brown cat cat that has run wild roch jòn yellow pebbles you soulié nwa black shoes majistra kominal communal magistrate responsible réspôsab you fâmiy big fund sufficient for me sifi pou chwal

mèg

'.

'

thin horse

'

‘

yo

up

';

'a

‘a

place fixed for daughter

rélé Jan

,

';

koté

la

pi

ti -

ôn

'a

' ';

distant road lidé lwê

this side

si

koté

-

236

);

(

SCT

: 51 . ,

farther

'

idea

)

a

lit ,

little

chémê lwê this country

you

'.

, (

'

';

a

' 'a

little bit that side

earth

pié

';

vomiting fever

';

pié ,

vomiting

tè

mâjé

houses

-

by

‘

fever characterized

of

( lit .

'

'a

la

of

‘a

-

';

-

';

‘

a

of

,

,

,

,

,

).

',

]

[3

. 11 .2 .a

'

,

)

';

card for taxes

(

‘

tax card

bwat alimèt match box

'

,

(

Purpose kat kôtribisyð :

.

ii

'[

diférâ kalité

kamiô chwal diférâ kalité shops autos trucks horses enumerative phrase with common attribute different kinds modifying the several heads

,

,

'

kinds

of ]

';

boutik

different

oto

-

';

silk

house

-

-

)'

;

plant

' ' ;

plant pié balé savan field broom plant bwa tree wood you rob ròz swa métié tayè the tailor trade rose colored dress big enormous fellow the height gnou gro kokên gasô rotè kay the

balé broom

).

or

to

which the noun attribute refers the sub part container quantity Among the

which the head indicates

(

,

Partitive construction

a

stance

in

.

iii

)

'.

for matches

of

box

gro mézô kat étaj big four story

'

:

lafyèv vomismâ

the following

:

indicating one

Characteristic

of

,

noun

A

‘ '; i. c.

food

(

a

,

lit .

.

b

An

'.

called Jeanne adverb indicating characteristic road far off pei isit the country here

you

fi

'

';

-

pou

sa

'

'; ';

-

'

ak

(

'

';

‘

divê mélé avèk kola

’;

') '

( lit .

“ a

-

fèt

fèk

ti -

):

. ; 4. d

(

51 . 2.

)

you âdwa dispozé who were invited wine mixed with cola

'

the people

that

on

Under this category come also the participial adjectives formed verbs just made kabrit little kid just born SCT pwa ground corn 286 mai moulê ground corn mai moulê kwit âsâm cooked together with beans mâjé paré the meal prepared moun êvité 322

now

. AMERICAN

white (MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

“

' rès '; '; ‘

of

‘a

copper

'a

:

value

of

worth

's

'a

bit

this same type

measure

kòb tout bagay

,

';

Of ;

.

)

a

to

you

tè

‘

,

265

pé

';

.

51 .

of

' ';

touf maniók

of

(

, ‘ )' no ; . lot '; . ‘ .

spoonfuls

'

';

of

salt

rest

quan

volim

three

of

222

'( you

in

';

'; .. '

;

)'

'

vè

'; a,

(

'

'a

SCT

;

's

a

twa kiyè mâjé

the head refers

which

worth

pwên

glass volé flight

milk and potatoes pile yellow pebbles

roch jòn single person

constructions copper

a

"

'a

you

single

food

plate

of

';

pil

of

are partitive sèl

‘

’;

avèk

you pyès moun

kòb

piece

patat

';

of

clump

‘a

asièt

manioc

earth

you

piece

touf

moso mâjé

you

';

food

clump

pyès

ti -

.

Thus

bit

bag

sack

lèt

'. you:

,

';

sak

,

remainder tity lot

'pé ' ; ';

"

pakèt

'

piece

' lot ';

‘ '

'; ';

tin

nouns occurring as heads in constructions of this type are : asièt 'plate ' ; bou grên bit gout ' piece '; boutèy 'bottle '; bwat 'box ' ; chaj ' load ' ; fèblâ ' can drop kâtité quantity kiyè spoon ful kras crumb mamit kettle moso

sê

'.

one foot around beating every day

five cents

kòb chak

'

you kal chak jou

';

Rate

pié àtouraj

you

'a '

:

Extent

:

. '. v. iv .

'.

everything

each

objective

)

the noun head

.

'

the

Thus

'; '. ; ,

of

of an

the coffee harvest pitit rwa king children

coffee

's

‘a

'; ' ;

=

'

of

ti -

'yo

lòt

:

with noun attributes rékòt kafè the harvest mâjé moun the food the other children

ncluding

by

(i

,

to

'

d

A

or

pronoun indicating possession noun genitive referring the object action implied

‘ ;

)

';

’.

Saint Ristil

.

's

',

his mother house kay French chez =

li '(

at )

-

acquire quasi preposi

which

in

indicating

-

of ] to

(

,

'

',

'

'

=

(

'

-m

of

,

, ‘

( lit . [ at ]

is

)

b

+

(

'

=

'

ou

where your father the kay true preposition is a

-

's :

house

chez

‘

form

son

come

kay mâmâ

papa ka

. . . ';

.,

.

The

in

'

pè

of ';

Sê

of

‘

'

'

( at of )

in

)'

of

this type koté

Joram

side place

my godmother

your father

the possessive attribute

pa

property

the possessive

construction

that

is

of

A

special example

in

).

222

.

(2

house

,

‘

at

the

place

phrases

etc '

kay marên mwê

as

's

li ‘

‘

in

:

of

is

of

tional function

of

'

ou

li

's

yo

'

ti -

lòt

‘

ti -

type personal names phrase used parent the name the Jorâm Ristil The nouns kay house and koté

'

' -m

:

:

as

‘

';

li

'. ti -

my mother plat mwê my little dish With pronoun attributes mâmâ kay piti your his house kouzê little cousin With nominal possessive kay phrases attributes mâmâ his mother house head kay house preceding phrase examples and attribute mâmâ his mother mâmâ my father pataj papa kouze mwê my little cousin mother fear mâjé moun the distribution the food the other children This

which the noun

yours

N

' li ' (

, his ,

a

pa

' ,

-a ); -m ) 's -pa ; . ou pa -l

-

nou

my father

in

'

'

. . . , . . . 's ', kin

' -a ,

-

papa

kin m

,

N

' pa

(

in

(

the North

ours

;

a -

kin

nou

)yo ‘

pa

, ,

'

mine

'

m

N

(

'

'

theirs

pa ,

. '

-a , -1 ); : -npa -pa

). yo kin

pa

,

Thus

to

)

(

'

in

,

;

MH

; (N

oul

-a -

,

'

(

SCH

hers kina

its 67 ;

or

)

'

in

the West and South and kin possession the meaning thing belonging North are used the with follow ing noun pronoun attribute After the possessive attribute follows directly after kin the definite article follows and then the possessive attribute share

Phrases thus

HAITIAN

HALL ]

CREOLE

'

by or

,

'

'

at

'I 'll

ti -

glas

had looked

'I

-

kò nâ m

kòm

kò -m

';

yo

yo

-

; ' - m; te - -a '; m

a

)

bit

'

by

to

all

to to

describing

)

,

31

(3

' . .

a

preposition

a

by

';

to

a

to

'

tâ

';

'

'

he

phrase introduced

exocentric

'

fè

:

of

to

'

-

tâ

. tâ . ‘ . ':

té

gê

in

gê

'

-

';

'.

An ‘

proché

gadé

'.

,

A

.

e

rwa The phrase meaning had already iron

food

f.

pou

for they love them gout draw near

rêmê kadav

dwa kôbit the right make combite buy corru eat the rice achté tol time kaché tout mâjé the king had had time hide have time such construction comes have the had already hidden all food

diri the right

dwa mâjé nâ gated

little

mirror indicating purpose verb

in

myself

‘

he

kò

approach myself a

.

lit

(

li

ralé

tèt

selves

against Laline herself

Lalin

killed himself withdraw yourself

ou

touyé

'; ' ;

li

:

reflexive meaning

myself

tèt

' sou -

a

to

'

tèt

constructed may then be used as appositions following other nouns ( cf . below , 3. 21 . 4 ) . Similarly , the nouns kò ' body ', kadav 'body ' (emphatic ) , and head are following possessive attribute phrases with emphatic used with form

in

a

at )

‘(

sa

kô -

lè

)

;

'

in

of

'

dé -

nô

-

0

old

ak

ô

';

yo

‘

; nâ -

(

)'

';

:

on

'

'

51 .

où

lòt

:

jé

'.

a

-

'

a

,

).

(

'

the dependent clause

:

the verb

of

as

:

a

Introduced relative element subject The relative pronoun

of

by

:

,

A

another place SCT 232 clause with descriptive meaning

ki ,

A

. i. h.

in

lived

dé

'; .

A

g

eyes

an

gnou tôtô bab blâch man with white beard predicate with descriptive meaning latè pousé earth which grew frè mêm mâmâ rété koté two brothers by the same mother who

’;

like that

an

(

'

=

in

-

'

a

';

'a

is

referred

lèt

the head avèk patat milk with potatoes rwa king with two children twa pitit abitâ lavil the inhabitants the jwèt town chwal games horse back mwê the name my name probably attempted Gallicism me time

what

-

'a

of

'

-

m

ak

yo

' it ' s

-

ki té

ki

';

';

ti - ti - l -l

ou

to

or

-

mêm

li

ki

pòté mâmâ papa nâ simétiè he who will carry his mother his father the cemetery moun rété mâmâ the children who stayed with my mother you frè rélé Éjèn little brother hers who

séli

'; to

I

at

)

or (

’

'

'a

Lalin

ké

kâ

as

té -

m

kâ

-

mâmzèl

rare and Gallicizing little fight when was school the certainty that they were going when

lékòl

Miss Laline

'.

to

get married

such

‘

ak

ti -b

you

marié

y

ké

'

sètitid

subordinator atay

,

Another that

,

which

' -ap :

.

B

'.

was called Eugene

in

,

,

'

fè

I

had loved

emphatic reflexive construction

with cors body

.g .

the little sister you call

'e,

Jilièn

little girl

I

' ' a

-

té

lò

‘

rélé

lékòl

‘

the Old French

ou

ti -

';

sè

-

fi

tê

school

mwê

li

at

I

-

was

meaning

.'

'

m

ti -

rêmê dépi

to

Similar

son cors himself

of

(

:

mwê

')

ti -

;

to

do '

time in

2

since the

you

of

,

in

or

is

on

ii .

as

used

of

With zero relative pronoun indicating that the action the verb the dependent clause exerted the referent the head the noun phrase either direct indirect object traditional terminology object relative pronoun understood tout dézòd könê all the little naughtinesses

the

'

-m -

kouché pou

mété

nâ

kò

fwa

-m

prémié

li

;

)'

J.

lit .

' '.

sleep alone

to

you call Julienne ( first time she put me

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

her

AMERICAN

';

-

m

lò

of

make the proposal

to

'

’:

'

'

-ap

l-

';

lò

-

I

they had come

when

,

of

by

'

,

lè

'

,

réprézâtasiô

-a

vin

-

té

lò fè

I

at

yo

lò

‘

to

be

of

as

'

lò

The nouns the time and the hour the time are especially frequent phrases accompanied dependent clausal attributes heads this type nearly quasi subordinators meaning when and thus come rivé the time arrived when arrived krié when she was crying

of

'.

be

)

a

+

yo

‘( ) at )

';

‘

-a

’;

';

lò

'

-a

';

sa

'

sa

yo

One instance

that time

that house tout this construction without

of

yo

gê

definite article giving plural

131

kay sila

these houses

: '.

or all

'

té

yo

moun sila

2

1

(

',

'

or

or

'

';

kay those people

this house

sa a

kay

'; '

-a

sa

)

' :

(

.

2

.

'

a

sa

:

of

the three following combinations Demonstrative this sila that usually giving singular meaning plural pronoun 211 meaning rwa pitit this king this child

( sa 2 -a .

by either

,

in

a

or

or

'

'

-m

m

-

yo

lè

';

';

voyé

in

.

A

34

mâmâ

to

lakwizin when my mother sent me the kitchen mésié rivé when the gentlemen arrived noun noun phrase containing one more attributes the types may and the positions described the preceding sections followed

marriage

'; ’;

'

a

'.

of

';

to

or

a

'

-a

.

51 . . . . ) , .

is

'

-a

';

la

,

'

';

ti -

-

no

-a

).

(6

'

I a ‘

-

(

'

‘

:

number reference and frequently occurs with forms the zombies soulié the little shoes kêz goud

in

'

the

my

'

la

or

';

yo

-vil

nâ

mine

the inhabitants the children who stayed with

yo

the

yo

na

,

-

the two little sisters

of

,

tout moun

'

yo

whether preceded

speech

slow

in

yo

abitâ

';

ti sè -m

avèk

animals mâmâ

-m

rété

';

's

ki

dé -a

:

all

the people

my father

moun

giving plural meaning

tout moun

(

),

.

(2

or

‘

‘ )yo

131

not

nominal phrase

in

a

,

or

ti -

,

nine like

,

‘

divê

, :

,

wine liqueurs nâ

reception

to

eight

résépsió

:

fè

yo

'

,

';

yo

é

pitit moun

a

'

ak

,

,

tât

, - ti

lòt

:

it

';

msié madam

,

, -

nèf moun

the mistress and the children pwa they held bânân viân diri

'; , , ,

bôbô

or

by

,

- of

';

wit

the master

,

pê — ,

,

, ,

kola

cousin

a

,

'

my

child

people

in

or

or

-

3

,

may further

be

.

4

A

constituted described above sections followed another noun nominal phrase numeral equivalent phrase apposition with ma mwê mâmâ kouzê mwê my little cousin my aunt the mother moun kouzin mwê the other

1

noun

as

'.

';

town mother

ti

bèt papa

yo

- -m -

tout moun

la

definite article

by

'.

.

c

yo

'

'; 22 .1

-

té

li

“

li

-

la

-

:

by

of

the definite article has plural meaning zôbi the fifteen gourdes The form

' sa ‘

la

is

‘

-a

’;

.

:

b

definite article attested koté that place mâjé Definite article mêm périod the same period the food évâjil nou prémié rété our Gospel koté the place she had first stayed proper pou mêm amou mwê the same love had had for her With any phrase accom noun Adélin Adeline SCT 236 The meaning panied things referred specific thing the definite article the

,

',

'

'.

of

-

-l

';

'

+

pa

,

yo

'

,

,

of

,

,

papa kaptên bread candy bananas meat rice and beans her February father the Captain dêmê wit févrié tomorrow the eighth usually Of this type are phrases consisting noun share property cola

HAITIAN CREOLE

.

HALL ]

pa

.

:

,

by

'I

-té

m

';

rouj

gnou

was

).

(

'

ka

quite

small

bie

'

mò three quarters

too young

well

bouché

'

'

’;

piti

jên tou

'; trò

'

frightened

:

:

,

pli

piti smaller

'

' '

' '; '

'

tou

rouj your

face

is

lltou

'

ou

figi

':

passably

-

')

:

'

onby ( 50 . of )'

'.

is

'plê

' ( :

sa a

;

is

'

for of )

for

‘

,

+

,

-

';

sa

ou

(

'

~

figi

,

fairly

,

slightly

/! \/

tou

‘

',

';

, '

red

rouj

gravmâ malad seriously the adverbs plis more mwês less and tròp too much The adverb with emphatic stress and rising pitch

is

A

. .

bad

rouj your face quite red nòm lltou rich fairly rich pitit alltou bèl that child almost pretty Head Attribute the latter being réspôsab you noun with réspôsab responsible and full

somewhat that man a

‘a

';

‘

')

)'

-

's of

all +

or

: pè

15

. 2 .

'

) , .

somewhat

cf

have

(

.

In

';

tèlmâ this position

so

An

b

adverb

means

'

extremely

SCH the attribute being nominal phrase indicating extent twa

stoppered

3

' he ' 46 s

,

li

A

noun

over Head

dead

ill ’

is )

(

a

lit .

. (

blushed

Attribute

. '. a. 2.

gnou mové

mové

:

I

=

person

22

meaning red

(

;

money share your pitit my child moun good who one own Adjectival Phrases are the following structures Repetitive the head being repeated preceded gnou giving emphatic

1

. .3

friend

-mpa

‘ your money '

lit . ‘

but not always accompanied by a pronoun or noun indicating possessor (cf. 3 .21 . 2 . c ), and giving a meaning of emphasis to a possessive phrase : lajâ pa ou

:

an

';

. . .) ',

to

to

a

yo

ak the

'

m ti - -

bouké rété

moun

li

pa

(

),

'I 'm

li 'I

to

to

back into the good make thought you

';

-t - of

-

té

ou

't 't

'I

'

te -

m

lâ

go ou

wè

;

-

';

m

to

as 22 .2 it . fè b ) sa ,

ka (3 .

pli

';

more able than me

li

')

inasmuch adjective

+ ) ,

classed

mwê less

'

is

’.

'

usually or

' 'he s '

more

kapab pasé mwê

that than me

it

as

‘ (

pli

( H ),

pli

verb (

,

not

a

to

li

do :

verb

kò

';

';

'

â

-

'

of an

is

following

more able

adjective

bouké

glad

the children

him

the type attribute

to

't

’

‘

in a

' he 's a

he it bô nâ

fè

-tpa -l -

of l-

lò

';

ou

m

li

’;

';

'I 'm 3

without mwê

able phrase

100

',

'

or

'

forms kap before

'(

‘

sorry

faché

with shortened

a

‘

he

li

. . ; pa .)

- ':

of

(

‘

ou

as

Kapab

head

give

pil

â

':

so

‘

or

.

)

pré ready

able

kapab toûnê lakwizin see you she wasn able kapab moyên you kitchen yet wasn able you can pull kap chiré average kwé kab off fatigé voyajé when travelling could read was tired staying with you madâm tired faché bay sorry

visié

much

voiceless consonant and kab before voiced consonant SCH pwé rivé tired was ready arrive kôtâ

woman wasn

li ),

).

(

or or

2 d

21

'

'

re

yo

46

'

as

pwé

kapab

',

‘

. .) ',

the adverb sitâ

'.

so

glad

kôtâ

. 21 .2... d )),,

an an

=

'

‘ ‘

wild after such adjectives sitâ

19 .

[3

+

kò

as as

lèd

SCH very

(

yo

';

ed

(

'

re

'

brigâ

( , of '; .

A

.

fatigé tired

'

or

',

'

' ' he 's ' verb

‘

thievish

C

.

extremely lazy you The adjective âpil much

very

‘

';

a

‘

‘

li b

kôt nou

sâ

plê family 261 The noun SCT fâmiy responsible blood full appropriate kôt account either alone followed and strengthened the appropria the possessive expression pronoun pronoun alone has either attrih adjective the meaning very when used attribute following volè very thievish they excessively ugly kôt kôt nou parésé

pab

can occur even pasé

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

An exocentric phrase, of the structure : Preposition + Object . Phrases introduced

d.

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

for

'; plê

occur malad

full

'

'

';

‘

';

)'

(

;

“

';

'

'

for introduces phrases modifying such adjectives

'

pou

. ' ; ak

for in of

mai full

',

etc

'

',

‘

in

ple

raysab

té -

m

of

-

m

sé

si

a

:

the following types

of

the

Gallicism

:

a

vê

katré

-

in

only

' '. '-

'

sâ

kat

1000

':

)

' '

100

twenty

vê

mil

or ,

modifying

a

numeral sâ

is

—

four score

-

.

lit

(

Use

'.

'

attribute

The

‘

dé

)

lé ( x

is

'.

,

'

all

dé

':

‘

is

:

+

a

. lé -

b

400

his

')

+

of

(

'

-

nâ

'

-a

';

(

+

'

mêm

head the indefi the same thing tou

)

all '

‘

sa

)

tou

'

'

,

'

,

sa

-

: or of :

'.

of

an

(

1

-

'

-l

nâ

zâmi one friends Pronominal phrases are constructed adjective like mêm same Attribute thing something that nite demonstrative

ob '.

or

:

yo

or

+

)

:

of

. 3. : b. 24 . An

a

(

a

of

2

A

. .

a

,

yo

,

Head Attribute the latter being noun name month either the definite article the pluralizer forming February eighth date name wit févrié wit févrié the preposition among phrase exocentric formed often +

tou

‘

both

ject yoû

; ,

all ’ all

yo

ba

yo

'

’ ‘I :

yo

yo

maré

us ' -

alone nou tout we tout tied them

‘

',

each

' ‘

’,

chak

are dry

of m;

them

sèl

:

all

‘

tout

of

as

,

you alone

the latter being

all

tout chèch

‘

of

.

a

all yo dé ou

sèl

yo

+

Head Attribute adjective such

‘ ' us '; An

.

2

.

all that

‘

sa

to

structures

carry

carrying you

Attribute Head The attribute the adjective tou all tou two both preceding French definite article the numeral after tou

eighty

'. ';

in

willing

'

pòté

ou

'. ':

kôtâ

of

+

'

an

to =

, ‘ '

‘

am

I

]

[

‘

'; to , '; li in -ap lit , ' '; té . .

‘

‘

be

liv

‘

. - 34 .1 ) :

3

(

nâ

,

willing

glad

kôtâ

Numeral phrases occur with

.

games

m

nâ -

to

nâ -

it

if

ii .

A

.

e

,

lit .

. 1. 3.

clause after willing that

23

you

corn

jwèt interested

';

to

‘

li ‘ ‘

ak

mwê she was réspôsab you hateful me êtérésé sifi pou fâmiy enough for me family responsible posib pou marié get married avèk was possible for me her object indicating term The verb pasé surpassing than com piti pasé mwê smaller than me parison small surpassing me my books pli êtérésé jwèt pasé games than mwê more interested

';

with fever

‘

' ' ,

,

as

‘

', sick

,

'

lafyèv

ak

other preposi Thus malad

:

itil

useful mal hard posib possible sifi enough tions also occur such after êtérésé interested good

as

The preposition

nâ ' ’ ‘

'

'.

hateful

raysab bô

‘

,

'

’;

'

as '; :

by ak with , of , adjectives angry after such bouké tired faché kôtâ pleased nasty sick mêm like similar mové towards ônèt polite

i.

';

AMERICAN

;

,

;

,

';

one

. . . ',

of

.

The numeral

a

)

'(

'

us '

of

'.

of

dé

a

nou tou both phrase meaning not

';

the two individualizing

us

of us

' ' '

nou

an

:

'

makes

dé

ak

lèt

A

.

b

numeral

one

'

youn

li

”

,

‘

nou chak

them

yo

each

of

';

we each each chak vâsé chak came forward and they gave them each two pennies everybody should pull their own chair bay nou chak pou ralé chèy plate patat she gave chak you asièt each milk and potatoes kòb

HAITIAN CREOLE

is

a

lit .

them

.

” ?

'

single

'

to

to

'.

'

. . .' :

yo

na

-

ki ki

-

';

every

di

'

té

sa

tou to

’;

moun

yo

'

m

-

I

‘

kôn

krêt

you

té

-l

sa sa

'; ';

to

-

té

ou

yo sa

- ' la ; to

vil

-

‘

pòv

that which you wrote me take for the inhabitants

used

everything you want

vlé

ou

ékri

what

' , it 's or

object pronoun papa simétiè or

ou

as

pòté mâmâ

li

ki

'

,

dékwa bwè some

said

verbal

(

attribute

+

the structure head

prâ

plat

ti -

';

ocusin

aj look for

-s

' '

chaché fam

ak

plâ

my little

remember

have fever mâjé mâjé

equivalent phrases

a

of

.

gê

ti -

kouze lafyèu

';

:

Direct object sôjé mwê took my little dish

forms

';

as

,

'; ' a. 1.

The classes

verbal complements are with the meaning

of ' '( : I) :

.

3

.

Noun

Complements

of

Types

251

occurring

or

).

3

. 25 .

Verbal phrases are complement

of

all

'.

';

sa

tou

-

té

fear

nâ

was

a

)

that which

kôn prâ pou abitâ

the town thing the people

one

of

not

chè métrès

,

sees a

-pa

yo

'

li ki

or -

mêm

'

'll

'

what

mwê

a one of them

carry his mother his father the cemetery ay what the poor used have was little houses

( ti -k lit .

gêgnê

rélé

'

:

sé

relative element

who

him

dear mistress

, , ';

.

no A

.

d

with

see

't

calls me

wè 'not

pa

youn

verb after the indefinite dékwa something drink dékwa jété something throw away subject clause either with who which

to A

c

thing

of sa

doesn

them

mine

';

, of lit .

one

negative phrases : yo youn

in

“

used

-m

HALL

mid

is

).

‘

(

51 .

of

yo

sè

ti -

ti -

ou

kò

of

';

‘

';

to

wife kouvri cover plants frè eat the food piga their little brothers and sisters look out for yourself SCT 223 This the meaning nouns and pronouns used after the impersonal verb mê

'

'.

li

'

‘

yo

';

';

‘

nâ

-

-a

sa

sa

',

'

as

as

';

became day

it

jou

a

to

'

li

'; -l

pral nwit when his horns pou sèvi

lò

'

':

lè

“

',

of

‘

,

a

’,

's

';

's

is

‘

';

serve

vini

bridle

tôbé

-

té

ki

:

désad

rélé

'.

Atamise kay mâmâ

li

al :

lò

time when

li

'

or

,

meaning

who was called

rélé Atamiz

whence

passive

-

of

'.

';

,

whither

medio

ki té -

,

with verbs

or

of

burglar

health

Daniel

called

Place where

pou sèvi kòn

the horse

result

,

.

d

'

Danièl who was

ill as

'

.

c

Complement

‘

)

, . . to . ', be

on as go

‘

to

serve

they fell into

kôvalésâ

the man stopped being

become night

'

-

brid chwal

la

it

was going

to

that time

from

‘

volè

'

be

. . . . ', . .

',

.

b

. , . . ‘ ',

';

ti -

(

. . .

.

is

,

'

is

':

here Lat ecce mê mâmâ there mamma mê pêi nou this country you our mê lòt jwèt akò here still another little game complement Predicate with number verbs such kité cease being pralé stay rété remain rivé arrive can sèvi serve tôbé fall vini become dépi nòm kité behold

‘

m

'

';

's

of

‘

to

a

';

li

-

';

's

'; '

's

at

';

-m

'I

down

li

goes

to

‘

to

he

his mother house mâmâ lavil my mother went you town désâd mòn she went down hill rivé kay matât mwê she my châjé change arrived aunt house lòt savan another pasture mwê my father kay papa courtyard kouri tout lakou ran all around the when

she came

'.

'

li

:

-

ou a

lò

' ' ;

of

'; I

-

‘

,

.

2

';

m

house sòti lékòl came out the school vini you dimâch matê one Sunday morning mouri démê when you die tomorrow Adjectives with the following meanings

AMERICAN

Predicate complement , after the verbs mentioned

.

a

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

.

. . :

m -rété

3 251 1 b

in

of

'I

sis

he

‘

-l

li

:

nèt who

blié chikata

'

';

ki

strong

'I ' -m

ll

ou

they

'

m

him

li

: m -

di -

yo

fè

lagé

zôbi prâ

';

to

-

-

she said

kêbé

';

‘

ap

m

or

';

';

pa

him

l'

li

';

di -

called

indirect object mwê she saw me

wè an

me

li

a

of

direct

she carried

li ‘ ‘

li

';

ou ou ) la

to (

pòté mwê

me mâmâ rélé his mother make the zombies get you you don me mwê

lit

have

him

. of

go

let

‘

'I

grabbed

li

.

3

’; ,

'.

forgot the chiggery one entirely Pronoun with the meaning

lit .

sang loud

,

‘

châté

he

fò

li ' .

.

i.e

firmly

Manner

:

.

b

,

bridled

a

by

'.

six

-

vêl

mwê rézoli ' I remained less resolute' ; rété trâkil 'keep quiet '; m -vin malad ' I became sick ’; li rivé bâda ‘he arrived very elegant’ ; sa pa - sa fèt 'that can 't twenty be done ' ; m -te -vini dézièm sou élèv had become the tenth out adjective may scholars The also indicate the condition resultant from the action indicated transitive verb bridé biê bridé bridled him well

ou

';

[ it ] ( to )

pou

or

‘

't :

'I

-pa

of

'.

know anybody Verb indicating purpose

-

’;

't

'I

m

,

-pa

)

.

'

to

to

be

't

if

'

1 . 4

‘

for bâ

si

';

-

té

’

-

m

-tpa -

‘

'(

sa

yo

kapab kônê said me you môtré able know that which they showed you pèsôn there Luk When the negative indefinite pronouns âyê nothing nobody are the object the negative prefix always precedes the predicate gêgnê âyê âkò hadn gotten anything yet kônê pèsòn don give

to

is

' '; , ' ; .. . . . ' ' . ' ' it ’ to ; ' ( is ; ; '; , . .. (i ' , ' ' ; '; )' ' ' , ' ba ) '; '; ()y , , ; . . . '; ‘

to

)

. '; . . '; ‘

'

'; '

';

Gallicism

koûmâsé

kômâsé

'

';

. . ,

'; .

suc

réisi

stop

come

sòt

'

vépa

';

see

'.

wè

voyé send

‘

' ,

'; ‘

,

will

sésé

chance happen

want wish

';

';

‘

'

. . ' . , ; . , ';

to

to

, ..

be

';

trouvé

. vlé . ' .

to

'

sa

';

be

, ' ‘

' '

(i )

shall many

can

they

's

sa

kô

';

-pa té - of

ou go

to

'I

';

fè l

kafé

'

-m

ou

fè

went into my mother kitchen you papa dwé sòt isit forbid out here look out for his children dwé jouré

complement

.

ti èf -

la

-

fin

';

li

a

li

'; -l

,

-l

do

-

these verbs before

a

some

of

(

us

‘

of

. 2 .

to

ti - to

141 for variant forms

li

Cf

all ) to

't

’;

m

plâté édé have cursed him like that kômâsé édé séklé plant and help him little weeding nou give him our little cups godé nou she had tiré bèf help him

ba

began

‘

. . . .' . ; . ,

,

to

';

défân

father should

able

you shouldn

4

' 'go ;

é

‘a

fall come

tôbé

-

';

coffee

going

lakwizin mâmâ m

y

:

make

sôjé pitit

'I '

édé help necessary

fòk

is

'

of

,

'

ki ) té '

';

. . . '; . . ' vin ; ‘

'

Thus

- to al .

have just

not want

tout

, it ,

‘

(

pral catch stay rivé arrive

rété

from

to

be

prâ

. , '; ..

to

allow ceed

ought

dwè

the habit kôtinié continue lâvi want desire feel mâké fail not quite almost mênê lead take mèt can oblijé oblige pèmèt permit mété put môtré show how vigorously enthusiastically piga take care not pito prefer pézé kônê

like can

forbid have just

défân

finish

necessary that take care let allow kôdwi lead take kôfié trust

' ' .. '; '; ; be ; .' ; ‘ ‘ ' do ‘ '; ‘

'

begin

';

stand

down

chita

cause

in

kâpé

make

'; ‘ .. '; . sit )' ; '; fin ( i) ifò ' ' (k '; ' )

of

fè

'; ';

gêgnê swê

' . ' .

that

try

try

.

éséyé

, ';

,

seek

'

chaché

to

(

'

,

, :4 be al (

.

of

,

or

,

of

by

.

4

,

result condition the action referred complement extremely the head the verbal phrase This type fre quent especially after the following verbs âpéché hinder bijé oblige give obliged for the purpose blié forget

's

to

-ap

can

);

101

zôbi kâpé

';

let

to

't

' li 't '; ';

'I

in

to

piga

pézé

vizé don we prefer

caught

of

'

pou lalibèté

to

';

was worth

mouri

walk

';

on

show

down

he

her how the terrace

‘ to

-l

-

pito

-l

-pa ' t

m

‘

';

'I ' 've

ba -m

ap

-

fin

nou

; 't

'

-

me

fry

mwê prâ pral châté going 26

bréjé

;

for

all

-

his heart

don

m

fri -

all

maché

to ap -

he

with

pou môtré

'; ,

dâsé

téras

'

sou

';

iè

-m

'

m

-

m

sit ' -

'; to

la

pézé disân

'

nâ -

jwé she didn used me play let me call Ilya kôfié pôté wasn kôn médsin my mother was the just now almost slipped fèk mâké glisé

the bird swooped

“

zwézo

danced pîga take aim

la pé

prà

,

( a

'up’n;

SCH

kill

ri, ‘ m - he p -ap

- ‘ p - he

-

';

' 't t li

m

li

) , I,

mèt

-

ifò

';

'

he

li

';

of m

-

shut

won

kité

kôn

té -m

to

';

on

li

advance

Malice

eat

vâsé

'

'go ;

-

‘

let

alé

-l

him

the ground rélé Ilya carry her mâmâ trusted habit giving me medicine mété chita she put me

for liberty

won

laughing

to

(i

'

kills me

had

the zombie was standing there under the granary waiting

âba galata apé tân

kité

mâjé mâmâ Malis stay mèt touyé

can

-pa

';

even though though you fall

even

you

mèt rété

I

ou

milking the

.e .

me

cow

'he finished mother too

m tou

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

up

to

li

bwè

'.

Charestin

(y let its :

as

ba

abbreviated nou bwè give té

in

as

vlé

-pa

mwê

he

'

‘

him

frè

't ';

'

'

dé

, -m

;

let

.

)

.1

2

' let 's

a

'I ' ' ve I'

gê

to

ki

'I

li

-

';

fè

';

to

bear two other children

'(

li

it '

drink

of

to

't

want

to

in

m

'I

';

fè

-l

]' li

,

fè

m

-

,

; to m vin

-

(

'

pli

ta

'; In

she came

wè lévé Charèstê saw me lift construction this type the verb kité let usually English 141 has the same imperatival meaning

té , a

'I

to

bear another child didn

form

visié

m

' he '; 's

li

(A

'; '

a

‘

-l

sa

';

)

him the act being thievish going sing mwê pral mouri just met die nou wè we may see him sòt kôtré you fâm lwa crying woman who has loa African spirit tôbé krié fell Lédâ vépa vini he doesn trouvé mouri Brother Lédan chanced die want come mâmâ vini lòt pitit zòt pitit later my mother came

die

',

‘

:

. .' as

)

or

as

';

'

to

té

' go ;

to

' 'll

ou

?

';

to

‘

with

he

-

ou

ak

the hills lavil we

from

al

go

sa

fè

=

'; ,

in

'

-ap

-

n

';

Satyag

Take that Baconoir

down

to

‘

he

(

town was

lit .

of

from

jwên mâmâ

li

alé

ap

to -

l-

)'

; ‘

my mother came home mênê

)

'(

as

,

a

in

-5

'll

'

?

al

'

la

he

‘

]

( lit

(

-m

,

:

after leaving town

his

Lakoup

rivé

you

You think cross over there are trees around the house SCH 131 complement series each the the pre

arrive

( vin to ) bå

‘

?

'

jâbé

Often several verbs occur ceding one mâmâ vin rivé sòt lavil

[ to ]

Did

they bring these things Furcy rout

-

- l-a

ou

gê

?

';

';

to

you the town kwé Santiago bwa âtouré kay

came

Pòté

':

'

=

mòn

up-

nâ

sòt

yo

came

around

rivé Bakonwa

désân

to

';

âtouré

=

+

';

'

you

'

Fisi

té to

';

vin

yo

pòté bagay

môté

sa ou

'

Pétionville

. .. ,

to

' to

( lit .

to

’.

=

coming

=

vini

) to for .

).

the

(

'

to

a

ou

-

la

ba

, '

-l -

té

bâ -m

a

’;

drink vini come SCH 103 The verb meaning pòt verbal complement has come have bring give me véso tiré bèf vessel for me milk the cow for you Certain verbs referring motion are frequently used verbal complements and have special meanings this position such alé more English away object going towards less rivé sòti out from

vin

l-

sòt

)'

;

to

( ) lit ; . ';

go

to

a

to

to

) ' (

' , he

kòk

)

(

a

li

him

mâké

fè m to

mother was going take find his mother pèdi pitit mwê he almost made me lose my child fèk rivé kéyi gnou mwê has just gathered nut for me has just come arriving gather nut give me from come SCH 141 kouri rivé

take

come

arrive

the market

)

run

at

(

to

to the market

to

li ' run

maché pou

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION lit .

AMERICAN

56

74

for

take care greatly

kôtrolé tròp

,

here

'

came

'I

: of

'. :

very

';

Adverb mwê môté isit careful

5

be

up

' . .

her

'

by -

yo

he

'; -l

té -

mwê karésé

m

don

-pa

li ' I

';

)

a

't li

sa -

vlé

gêgnê

them

al

yo

-pa

)

.

:

l-

. '+ 50

li

';

)

sa

pitit

the matter with

' 's

';

he

go

-

';

.e .

(i

vépa

kônê

';

a

I

't

know

‘

li

gê

ak

which was sweet vomiting you vomismâ he saw wèmwê had hope that that will happen the way you say kôn wè zôbi they were telling me they used see didn

'

to

'I

a

' di ;

m

yo

di -

-ap

ou

jâ

sa

'. .38 ) ;

1

(

rivé

yo

swété

Luk

208

was strict

play

pa

I

( lit ,

-

to

to

-

té

ki

ès

l-

ki -

manioc and sour manioc

'I

m

-

'

(

'

SCT

'

go sé

ou

:

't

't

'

know what these children have what maniòk dous maniòk amè mwê

à

';

li 'I la

-

more than any child

Direct object kwè rèd you believe play want me that she doesn want me caress her mwê kôn

jwé they didn

pé

:

-pa

to

, '.

a

';

ak

-

: it

loved indicating

‘

,

Clause

‘ a. 7.

-

m

';

pitit

pasé okên

he

.

'

b

-

'

tè

on

's

of

,

in

.

a

+

m

.

6

,

Exocentric phrase the types Preposition object stay kouri dèriè ran after him rété taking peace keep quiet okipé bèt papa kômâsé started my father animals débat pitit struggle along with the child care jwé nâ play the ground object greater extent than Verb pasé surpassing rémé

di , to

“

;

" }

:

said

a

such

were

.

” ?

“

li

': li di -l a

” “

ou ”

fi

- ‘

ou

ll

prâ a

Gadé

They

daughter for you

]

zôbi

pou

I'

leave

They

'

'

,

ké -m

m “

.

(

moso mâjé

little

that occurs before

you

-

m

kité

fè

-

m

:

,

'

,

Bâ

-ap lit ,

'.

di -

yo “

:

"

';

to ”

ll

papa

make the zombies

mété mâjé sou tab pou

al

-

té

-

-

,

fé

té

li

jâ

';

he

'

m

vlé

-pa

go

-ap

)

on

‘

li

-

li

-m

she sent the tell my father she had put the food the table jwé the children were crying krié play mêm want me âvâ nòm nâ toune

should

they didn

set aside

di

,

moun

of

go

' “

he

't

]

(

-

li

to

';

him

because

ti - ( lit ,

for

tell

my

Jorâm

manner

moun yo

voyé

';

get you

ti

.

b

,

"

always telling me Joram Result purpose child

direct quotation dear stop

Look

Occasionally

ké “

:

kôn

food

to yo

parâ

clause

him

me

-ap of -a or , di lI' -m

Give me

She said

Let piece

'

-

“

He said

m ”

Lagé

me

”pé

rété

,

-

“

this type are clauses with the meaning

chè

â

mô

yo a

Of

zombies

I

';

at

I

to

)

sou

he

plip

'

volé

li

;

li

!'

,

he

'

bip

fell wham

verbal phrase when more than one com normally that indicated Figure

.

3

,

Complements

in

present

in a

Order

, of ’.

at

:

form

him

is

plement

is

.

252

.

3

clause

-

Minor

plop

flew

!

, 8.

'.

'(

û

vin

of

‘

-

-ap

,

li

pil

tôbé

he

â

m

-

-

li

té

';

pě

‘

in

la

-

the animal

so

the same way had done before that the man had turned into papa paské toujou mwê rélé sou mwê was very my father because much afraid was always yelling me kôtinwé dòmi gêgnê kêz sleep together until was âsâm jiskaské mwê we continued fifteen years old bèt

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

FIGURE

3

STRUCTURE OF CREOLE VERBAL PHRASE + (ADVERB Or EXOCENTRIC PHRASE , emphatic ). + (NOUN or PRONOUN , indirect object ) + (NOUN , PRONOUN or CLAUSE , direct object ) + (NOUN or ADJECTIVE , result of action ) + (VERB ) + (ADVERB or ADJECTIVE , manner ) +

HEAD

(EXOCENTRIC

,

PHRASE ) + (NOUN

Examples

the order indicated

of

or time

place where

Figure

in

when ) + ( CLAUSE )

:

3

Adverb or exocentric phrase ( one or more ) with emphatic meaning , before direct object (and possibly further complements ) : mwê gê kou - l- yé- a present twenty two years twenty two years old déz have mâjé papa papa rétiré dabò she first took out food sou mòn piti mi potatoes patat mai had the hill little millet and corn mwê achté

used

’;

-

a

as

po

ti -

sòt

ti -

maché

glass

),

broken

as

-

-m

.e .

moso

nâ

-

gê

yo

-

té

pou vésèl

take when my mother went out

the

I

,

hope

,

-

Mô

chè

môtré bòs

“

yo

';

fellow

a

’ a ' di - ; 'I ll m li

‘I

child

done

My dear

gave them

-

yo

ba

-

m

ou

ba

-ap

';

-

't it

,

to

‘

me

was well

give you

mâjé

my

give you

“

'I

They said

me

can

the boss how

sa

kô

to

it

he

:

+

‘

li

ou

pitit mwê

kal

you

that you

found gasoline un all my children thoroughly

‘

he left

'

to

plê

he

jwên mwê êdispozé

tin

a

li

:

débouché

'

yo

blâ

ti -

moun mwê

byề kalé

result

make the belly

li '

ou

,

';

‘

jwen tout bagay chè

'

nou

, or

)

(

:

't

“

gê

pa t--

';

.

plat

ti -

more

prâ

. 4 .

.

3

251

one

): li

phrase

or

exocentric

given

(

see examples

or

adverb

:

verb

in

)

.

51 on

+

)

.

48

223

+

(

all ' )

SCT

Direct object Direct object

noun indicating place where extent mwê mét jénou ground the chimiz kras miyèt there wasn

+

. .

5

any shirt 6

(A

put my knees at (

I) .

'(

tè

bréjé Direct object

years

4

four

' ‘

â

for

'

';

)

232

;

kalé

51 .

’;

(

SCT

she beat

, of .ie of .

Jiliền

gazolin

Julienne well beaten we found everything dear rélé you Jilièn call her Julienne lasâblé nasional nômê Jénéral Nisaj Sajè prézidâ pou kat the National Assembly named General Nisage Sagère president

li

full

vât tout

-

'; l-

kité

fè

';

stoppered

complement

you

fè

indisposed

of

.

” ?

+

.

3

me

ba

-

ou

ké

li

will

direct object gave back

showed

kôtinié continue like this Direct object

swété

-

m

he sa

‘ -pa

m

the food kòmâ biê

fèt

'; ';

li

.

2

Indirect object beating rémèt mwê

m

'.

market

a

'; -

gê

-

la

nâ in

(i

of

glass

kòm

to

tax cards

fragments

gift

the house little pieces

mâmâ

lò

m

té -

,

';

‘I

,

pieces

-

, ’;

m

.

'I

-

am

,

's i.e

-

’;

a

,

,

é

,

ti -

little

dishes

money little pieces

to

'

had

hat

chez

of

they

as

,

kom

bought for the girl kay moso

mwê prâ pou ònémâ

I

vè

ékla

chapo

you

radio took for ornaments tables beds cupboards and chairs radios lajā moso kat kôtribisyô kôn prâ -

as

,

,

of

leather

mâjé

gad

of

a

-

kabân

you rob ròz swa

silk dress and

rose colored tab

kado

kòm

é

'I

ti fi -

pou

on

‘

-

at

â

,

-

'I

vêt

.

ak li

1

58

AMERICAN

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

'

;

”

an

)

on

of

'.

on

-

by li ‘

-

'

(

to

a

lit . of

-

-a

ti -

li

on

-

-m

li

'; ';

to

na

a

-

li

’; -

‘ ti -

ti -

to

for

mwê âkò ‘ he took my little dish again '; grâgou - a prâ - l mal 'hunger took him badly ' ; m -a - prâ -n pou - ou ‘ I'll get it for you '; l- achté piti soulié nwa pou - mwê abiyé mwê pou mênê ‘ she bought little black shoes me nâ chapèl she dressed me take me the chapel mété soulié nâ pié mwê avèk you my feet with little pink pair kilòt ròz she put the little shoes shorts pié pull my pou rétiré soulié mwê off the little shoes from feet mété mâjé sou tab pou she put food the table for him Use

.2 : ),

'(

S

(

.

3

to +

-

m

té

-

or

of

' at

house

the

side

clock

in

o

eight

'; ,

chair

's

my aunt

time

Jaklin

plato

at

-

's

of

rivé

li

here

nâ

where

in

place

at

sit

to

on

, ';

to

they arrived

my mother

front

a

)

(i

she

swa

ak

kò -

té -

m

:

';

lay

+

put me

' '

rivé isit wit

di -

yo

';

you chèz koté chè è

sou

'

in

‘

( it )

li

l-

chita

-m

li

mété

'. .e .

(

of ]

‘

â

-m

: .

8

or

-m

's ak -

jiska wit we slept papa mâmâ down eight years and father bed until the age phrase Adverb exocentric noun indicating when alé avèk lakay he went with his house kay matât mwê she arrived the Jacqueline plateau the pulpit

,

of

a

in

or

'.)

‘

-

yo

dlo a

of

be

a

-

'I

ti -

.

7

or

'

yo

:

is of an

-

a

' to '

exocentric phrase introduced construction this type instead the normal construction the type indirect object direct object 252 giving water bay evident Gallicism bèt the animals writes bay bèt dlo would Creole Two more adverbs exocentric phrases dòmi pou lòt slept apart with moun the other children nou kouché dévâ kabân

the

;

that Gallicizing

‘

biê vivâ a

bréjé

30

(A

paské

sé

,

la la -

pousé âkò

very much alive

'

it

-

:

rasin

the food immediately

mâjé

yo

ba

-

m

:

of

complements

to

gave

as

touswit zôbi prâ have the zombies get me

types

the above

of

More than two

-pa

.

10

.

[S ])

,

because

is

clause

+

.

9

Complement

root will still grow construction

nâ

'.

evening

so

-

it

).

(A

:

of

more

( lit .

'

plis even more

by

no

pli

nô

no

)

'.

well

pi

’; be :

';

trè biê very

‘

' .

ta

pli

+

:

.

later

more

you

78

' , '

-

-l

of

a

-

in

. . 26 .

3

1

An adverb

a

nâ he

'I

té -

pou afè lémôn âtié jété tout pèp sou latè nâ lagè

li té

ak

them

môtré

of

lò

,

â

'; m

fè

not momâ difisil pil lAlmagn léJapô had showed for very difficult moment when Germany and the affairs the whole world Japan had thrown all the peoples bréjé the world into war Adverbial phrases occur with these types structure Attribute Head The attribute may pou

as

,

(

'

,

‘

'

‘

:

pi

';

de

of

or

)

— ?

':

‘

'

à

,

than

t

'

=

'

‘

of

'.

:

’:

‘

,

+

Head Attribute the latter being The adjective âpil much lwê âpil very far exocentric phrase consisting the verb pasé surpassing An

b

a

. . .

2

'.

';

A

.

c

of

.

b

nô

The negative more neither Gallicism shown pli instead normal plis space kêz jou apré noun indicating extent time fifteen days apré two years later afterwards déz kilomèt lwê two kilometers farther

HAITIAN

HALL ]

CREOLE

‘

nâ

-

tou

as

far

in

', as

‘

tou

object ( 3. 34. 1) , indicating term of comparison : pi ta pasé mwê ' later than me'. 3. 27 . Prepositional phrases are rare and in general Gallicisms. Their struc ture is that of head preceded by attribute , which latter may be : very near the prè very near prè gazolin 1 . An adverb :

on

-

:

&

favè

(

.

)

'.

28

'

be 3 .

subordinator

phrases are likewise rare and appear ) ( , as '. ké ' or

or

:

Gallicisms

to

object

of

behalf Conjunctional

+

exocentric phrase with the structure preposition

dé

'.

,

as

up

'

to

jouk

a

:

A

preposition

An

3

. 2.

'.

gasoline

ké

:

')

as

‘

or

of as

.g .

(e

of

:

dé -

-

'; ‘

-

a

';

or

aprè

';

the ground midi noon jiska laj kilt after the service thirteen years zôbi about

on

'

-

'; :a

at

:

,

to

up

plate

the little

tè

or

'

ti -

dé -

equivalent phrase

with

la

A

noun plat

of -

of

.

+

. 31 .

.

'

in

or

:

is

)

in

.

.33

3

1 avèk

'.

+

' .

( ) lit

ou

‘

)

(

+

‘

';

.

2

‘

';

ké

.

(

1

pâdâ Attribute preposition adverb head that kou aprè after alè kou when then Head attribute adverb biê else indeed Exocentric phrases are those whose function the utterance any attributes other phrases not determined by the form class their constituent elements They are the following types structure Prepositions Object the latter being

while

fè

‘

-

à

vè

-

';

:

a

â

‘

-

rivé légliz

on

’;

li ‘

after

‘

mâjé before eating chapèl take me

'

him

'.

'; '.

li '

for

-

';

pou

him

'

';

-m

it ';

of

avâ

)

.

';

:

)

?

‘

-

à

a

‘

‘

in

sa

:

or

equivalent phrase

that

.'

,

in

of

‘

an

-

to

:

chaché you

té -

-m

mâmâ

? , ';

to

Creole the

';

the coffee harvest

or

)

,

prepositions in

by

-l -

si

';

vini

pou

nouns verbs or

(e

you

I

am

' ‘

yé a

translatable

do is

as

,

fè ?

what

happen

of .g . ',

the cow

for

-

to

milk

little calabash for me

his ';

to

a

-n -

of

other form classes rékòt kafé the time

'

-

though

,

‘ at

about

to

's

ki

';

sa

-

mwê pou

la as in ba lò ou

‘

as in of

. . . ', a

‘

tiré bèf

-

';

in

,

,

'

as

to

,

‘

'

,

',

'

bâ

,

.

ba (y )

for

mwê my mother got

nâ

‘

-

m

-

-

go

'; to

Armes immediately rivé when something

the time

lò = ‘ at to

e in .g

pou

nâ

forms which

the noun give verb

ti -

mênê

included under this head are certain French are actually members or

6

Not

English

kalbas

pou

.7 , ) or :

.

to

bagay

gnou

lò

the Place

d

(

a

4

of

come

'

-l

jwên mâmâ

,

pou

the church

in

the chapel sleeping and find her mother dòmi English implication sleep The preposition pou for has near futurity obligation phrase used command when introducing the center predicate every soldier 121 tout solda pou vini laplas kou

'. al

arriving

spite

yelling

kriâ

to nâ -

at

A

';

malgré

.4 .b .

2

(

a

's

on

‘ -â

in

all ' (p

by â -

’;

en

'

verb

.

sa 2

3

kô

' .A

: â -ba l

,

all

be

may also erhaps preceded tout Gallicism tout plérâ crying all the while the while tout criant tout pronoun underneath avè with me dèriè like that

m

'; ti -

on

-

‘

a

';

)

';

to

I

a

+

'.

)

of

';

'

,

-

â

‘ ‘ on ,

(

' ‘

of

-

â

do

(

tâ

lit . of

â

‘ ‘

trèz

pâdâ

all

';

ou

the age twelve during time pou tout meanwhile dézòd kône for the little naughtinesses used sou you chèz chair wit age towards eight years Under this heading belong phrases consisting during while noun derived from verb 321 vii falling phrase châtâ while singing mâkâ chwal the horse such

douz zombies

,

(MEMOIRS

come immediately pou dòmi mêm

74

nou tout go

if

ja

90

I

'

?

.

(

)

SCH

he tab

'.

?

)

the same way

';

a -

( , lit . m

';

to

,

as

-

';

m

die

to

I

:

just long for always

sleep

pou toujou

An

. .

to

'

,

An adverb

4

to

bed

kouché bonè

'

all

‘

we are early will have

pou mouri

ASSOCIATION

come tell her

going

she

if

touswit

's

vin

di-l

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

si - to

AMERICAN

60

-pa

-a -

:

(

'

in

'

)

( lit .

as to

.

lit

so

,

,

.

)'

the past

té -

'; ,

,

)

:

12

pa , -

li

to

‘ all

-

of

li

-jis

. '.

up

(4

A

to

.

6

at

';

at

5

object kou exocentric phrase the structure preposition like table pou rivé lakay the way his house for until arrived his house predicate pou kôtré avèk lougarou zôbi zòbòp for mâjé pou not meet with werewolves zombies sorcerers eat

to

in

‘

-

la

he

=

or

-

to as

nâ

'

so

‘ -prâ m

'

fè

-l ) -ap

';

an

single

'.

lòt

-

on

bagay

a

â

ni '

jé

with themselves

dédâ

à

ak

-yò

:

its

1 – 7

’;

with ashes rubbed

‘

yô

grên

of

+

by

from any non nominal element free the prefixation the indefinite article gnou you you prémié októb 223 the suffixation the definite article 211 you bêgnê first October such one une telle the day the bath the bathing soté ròd the jumps the jumpings were extraordinary tròp pou mwê this walking maché too much for me

, (

-

of

‘

-

â

of

:

.

jou

the

-â - ‘

gra

voyé

a

mwê

t-

';

té

:

to

di -l

-

mwê

-pi

”

is

;

)

( lit .

';

' '

,

-

-

té

yo

la

-

)

(2

of

a

'

a

-

of

'

-

té

yo

jumpings were extraordinary

thus nominalized

clauses

la

-

'

-

la

-

-

+

?

what kind

of a

valè bagay

'

' ki '

?

':

what kind

ki

of

,

ki

in

noun head valè kalité things kalité traka what kind

( , to the of a of )

ki

3

as

m

: ';

]

. ”

).

51 .

(

'

A

(

)

I

during

‘

I

pâdâ told her the fact that would send ask for her malad plaf plaf the time was sick minor clause nominalized the plop plopping 220 SCT Adjectival phrases are formed the interrogative what

-li a

pou

the fence

ròd

Examples

. 33 ' . ( ‘I . ki ,

formed

tèl

'; sa

';

-

la

lâtouraj

soté

biggest

are

by

clause

';

(

'a 'a '

by or

phrase

form

),

3

Nominal phrases

any

,

in

addition

- in kò

or

,

ak -

'

,

preposition

may further be followed subsections meaning avèk pil exocentric phrase limiting

adjective adverb âkò with many other things eye inside sân froté sou 2 , . , . 32 lit . . of ) of it or , ';

constituted

of

this type

,

of

'.

boiling the potatoes An exocentric phrase the objects enumerated

-pa

m -

old (

or

ten

'

à

be

I

to

';

vè

';

(

)'

;

yo

-

m

sâ

.1 ) :

(4

A

lit .

.

7

major clause papa könê without my father knowing pou without my father not know zôbi not have pou them make the zombies get me maché nwit for me walk the night nèf dis kômâsé towards the time nine ten years began when pâdâ bouyi palat years came nine while was

+

of

a

)

)

Ti - '(

in )

'

,

:

'.

,

a

,

'

,

' '(

';

‘

.

:

(

1

3

, . .34 ';

mess following structure Adverbial phrases have greater extent than until object The verb pasé surpassing noun pronoun exocentric phrase clause and often indicating term comparison pasé mwê more pasé okên pitit than me more than any

fin

li

-pa

'; li

Ti -

't

nâ

'. nâ ‘ liv

of

-

';

my books pasé child mwê than chaché Malis pasé mâjé rès viân he didn look for Malice until he had finished eating the rest the meat

HAITIAN

HALL ) 2.

noun

CREOLE

(2 . 322 . 4 . d ) or exocentric phrase ,

verbal participle

in the meaning ‘at the time when . . . , with . . . ' (the ‘ nominative absolute ' con struction ) : mâjé paré , mâmâ - m réini tout asièt 'when the meal was ready ( my mother got together eing prepared the food the plates dimâch + a

';

),

bèt

]

when Sunday had arrived my father had the animals toujou when the sun had set she was still there Sheep went back home with tears Moutô toûnê lakay dlo na his eyes Prepositional phrases consisting exocentric phrase itself

,

'.

below

'

ba

-

â

=

in

,

an

of

'; , of

on

'

ro

-

â

â o

:

consisting

-m

li

of

-a

yo

sa

yo

fè

'; ‘

.

l'

wè -

’:

)

(

yo

sa =

fè

phrases

'.up

lévé Charéstê

that

yo

' ';

they looked

top

the verb phrase immediately after gadé immediately after immediately after they saw her direktè wè when the director saw me lift Charestin

did

‘

sa ,

fè

3

. lit 36 . .

+

preposition substantive Conjunctional subordinator

'. ';

,

,

'

, , '

jé

3

. 35 .

li

,

';

,

-

sélé

li ‘yo la

solèy kouché

fè

saddled

,

rivé papa

m

[b

all

lit .

A

4 . CLAUSE

THE maximal

unit

Creole , of which at least one is present have the structure major ; those not having this structure ,

utterance

of

-STRUCTURE

in

of

(

‘ of lit .

or

:

'

. 't rôt

fè m

;

me

cause

The more

an

fè pa m

ou

-

take care

rôt don

equivalent

or

(

of

(S ).

an

is

. ) 11 : .

milk the the Lord with

pîga

the use

kriyé shame else with the negative prefix emphatic piga contains implied threat normally one The subject the following forms 4

me

to

for

)

a

be

by

pîga pa

don

'

krié

formed

cry

question

command

of a

a

,

,

'

‘

ou

ou in

-

la

ba

bâ

Lé - -m

. ). . A . :'

don

statement occasionally

Boli bring vessel May the Lord with you

negative command piga

meaning

the texts

or

. '; .. ,

lest

tiré bèf

Ségné avèk

1 ' 't .28 ;

(

')

Boli pòt véso cow for you you Luk

ou

.

cf

have

examples below and passim

6 – 8

Clauses normally

4 1

is

. . Major

termed

-:pa ';

.

minor (

will be

predicate

let

+

't

subject

the

in every utterance , is the clause . Those clauses which

nâ

-ap -

were always talking

-m

ti -

-m

'; yo

gadé

pale

-

-

my mother

the children who stayed with

té

rété avèk mâmâ

kouzê

toujou

m

ki

moun

town

to

lavil my mother went

‘

al

-m

looked

';

‘

cousin

ti -

my little dé -

mâmâ

noun

:

.

1

A

phrase

‘

-m

, i. e .

yo

alé

of

it

ou

-

n

he

-

ti -

-m

';

te -

m

I

had come

'

,

are

for me

';

him

they

it s

;

be

will ,

was

for ,

is ,

,

it

not

'

he

- '

“ it s

-

mwê

,

sé

pou

-

sé

of -

pou

li,

-pa

-

etc

.' :

were will

sé

be ,

, 4.

'.

]

-

, li,

was that

(

'

her

fi

li ‘

get

was smaller than me avè admirasiô pou vini rêmê lòt for

gê

fè -

m

-tpa -

pasé mwê

that which made me not have any admiration love another girl The equational subject form she

to

-a -

m

l-

' ' he ;

to

I

-pli '

piti

sa k

‘

'; té -

house mêm they went with me

';

li 'I

m

:

-

A

his

it

'; '; li -

.

3

his friends who had helped him cut down the tree was there with him pronoun prâ pou kouri dèriè ran after him crying lakay you for mwê tôbé krié fell alé avèl went with

to

' li I'' . ' ll

la

té

-a

-l

-

té

ki

yo

-l

:

-

'.

on

:

A

mymother

' ,

'.

in

-

';

m

ak

'

as

.

2

pra lévâjil

papa

to

me about zombies mâmâ and my father took Especially proverbs verbs nominalized with zero suffix also the Gospel subjects méprizé gêgnê act kônê having despises knowing the wealthy man looks down the teacher koupé bwa numeral yoû nâ zâmi édé avèk one zôbi

'.

‘

ou

ap

-

-

'd

' it ' s

wè

-

t-

a

-

k

sé

'

: it

ou

yé

it -pa

a

him

to )

was

for

it

should

( ) lit .

he to ' (3

. .31 3

by

'

ké -a

‘ -'

-

it

ki

-m sé -

';

ki sé

';

té

nâ - by sé -

prâ moso

'. li

the tail

-â

's

Bô

'. -

pou

-

sé

of

:

a

sa

to

-

-

té

sé -

';

an

piece

-

;

s

‘

sé

of

,

'

“ it s

or of

obligation

take

sé

he '

ou

tèt

-

sé

your coffin lapli the head tôbé pâdâ lanwit was during night rain which fell the sové was that which saved me gives emphasis Often use the predicate Jézu Kris kôdwi leading you Jesus Christ who mwê not me you papa be seeing Dié tôtô was the Good Lord our Father accompanied predicate consisting that the old man was The subject pou exocentric phrase introduced indicates near futurity sèkèy

HAITIAN

HALL )

63

CREOLE

' it ' is used to lè 'there came

Anticipation of Subject is found when the pronoun li subject following the center of the predicate : rivé you

4 . 111 .

li

refer to a a time '.

4 .112 . Recapitulation of Subject occurs with the following types of recapitu latory forms : 1 . A pronoun , especially after an emphatic form or a lengthy phrase : , ou -mêm ou pa -jâm fè sa 'you yourself , you never do that'; ou -mêm , ou pa -sou kôt Satâ ‘ you yourself , you are not under the power of Satan ’ ; kouzin , li kôtinwé

‘ (as

kouché

for

tônèl ,

my)

,

cousin

kept

she

' ; kèk

moun nâ -katié - a , yo vini the neighborhood , they came to

sleeping

on

'

pou -môté pou - koupé bwa some people in put up a shed for dancing , and to cut wood '; mwê-mêm

ak madam mwê , épi my , myself by nou sòti ‘ and wife then wewent out . As shown the last example , the recapitulatory pronoun is in the lowest numbered person present in a compound subject . 2.

lated

:

sé -,

The equational subject form chèz sé-kou - a -tab ' the chair,

‘that manioc , it

giving emphasis to the subject recapitu was like at table ’ ; sé -maniòk -la sé- te -dous

it

'

s

,

it '

( lit .

'

. , . , .) '; it ,

,

té -

sé

in

‘

yo

-

sé -

a

'

yo

la

vil -

pil for -ti

of

-

sé

nâ

-

in

'. -

-

sé

ou

's ' ;

'

-

'; '; ti -

of of

a

a

sé

sa

I

'

ti -

you was sweet ; sa mwê té-kôn prâ pou -abitâ nâ pil roch piti what was taking the habit the inhabitants the town pile you was little pebbles kazèn roch jòn the barracks pile yellow pebbles gad was roch jòn the yellow pebbles they guards you you you nòm sérié were the are serious man tròp that too much -

'

ou

fè -m

be

an

of

the following

';

forms

or

be

.

a

‘

'

of

,

.

the center

is

verb

of

as

is

to

or

action when

'.

'

'

or

is

of

'

of

.

.

4

ou

:

'.

,

a

normally that the predicate equation otherwise that location 121 Centers the predicate may of

meaning

of

It

'.

‘

-pa

,

of

of by

4

is

. 12 .

an

of

.

3

,

you gras The subject itself repeated after the clause mêm performed yourself grace act towards me negativized The Predicate that part utterance which can prefixation normally not refers what said about the subject phrase any type referent and can have free form its center The

phrases

you krêt

-

or

-

té

coffin

ki

of

it

begin

';

-

-

m

)

.3 .a

a

.

fè ( 2

'

'

re

I

‘

â

-

gasô

m

A

:

] to

did was

(

'

the first work

your

was when had five seven you not regular fellow nominalized verb 321 can occur prémié travay kômâsé édé papa sèt pa

';

)

god

’.

't

a

isn

girl

the head

ou ou

' 's

ou

gê

sêk

equational meaning

I

plâ

he

seven years old

'a

or

-

bô

-

, -yô

pa

(

with

center

té -

fear

was five dié

kouvri

sé sé - té tèt lò m

'

fi

as -yô

'; :

was

which

years

:

,

Nouns with meanings Equational sèkèy a

.

a

.

1

:

classes

helping my father cover the

]

(

ple

‘

li

with equational mean vât his belly was

.4 '; .d ),

, 2 . '.

at

I

‘

he

'

(i

:

m

té -

lékòl was school ncluding participles 322 grâ pasé mwê was bigger than me

adjective -pli

:

ing

Locational té An -

2

b

li . . '.

seeds

AMERICAN

li

êvité

-

of ki

';

té té -

-â

‘

té

stoppered

their eighth

Febru

mother

ou

li

his father

the

to

:

carry

pòté mâmâ

or ki

mêm

li -

his sé

'.

,

'

'I

jèn

'up '; ;

’;

'

- té -

té

was well

which

will

himself who

simétiè

-

ki

'I

a

of

-t a -

bô

-pi

m

';

' , ' it 's

A

nâ

biê bouché

who were invited for tomorrow

which was well done with equational meaning

fèt

ki té -

biê

-

';

.

-l

yo ' ' ;

'

was lost

wit févrié pronoun

papa

ki -a

the money

pou démê

3

'I 'm ’;

was called

ary

bô

-

'

-

-

gad

mother was pregnant ’ ; mwê té âkò was still too good would be better âtouré avèk pile guards they were surrounded with rélé Danièl who pèdi lajâ Daniel kay boulé the house was burned

‘my

té -âsêt

trò

you

pil';

young

m

full ’ ; mâmâ - m

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

'.

cemetery

bâ -m

-m

lòt

bò a

la

-

';

où

-

â

is

li

'; ' ;

gê

e g

, ‘ .. , li

in

':

a

ke

ma -

pa

-

';

-

';

isit

li she

pa

too

L

'

Ange lived was

there

ou

[ be ]

'

place where

that you

]

'

the

âpil

lwê

necessary

[

-a

rété

tou “ it s

la

fò

Lâj

koté

ou

:

'.

't

bê

their hearts

in

,

-

yo

mê

ma

'.

yo

,

”

s

;

it '

in

)

(

well

too much

's

'

';

far

off

-t

.

very well figi biê good their faces but they weren

-

-

: , lit . sé

. 5.

a

sé b

'

Locational

'

-

ko

,

-

,

ou

ko

-

ou

li

.

the

'

-

nâ

-a

;

at

'

all ’

at

-

'

la

she was

tou

rékréasiô

-

lafièv

avèk

'; l-

at

:

it

‘

-

sâ

' di -

té -â

table

who was without anything we were recessº mâjé difé

âyê

, '.

t--

gê

pa

fè -m

k

'

fi

te -

you

sa

:

with equational meaning admirasiô lòt that which made me not have any admiration

clause

vin rêmê

ti -

m A

on

.

:

b

8 li, .

-

ki

-a -

sé -

,

.

';

,

i.e

had fever

Locational nou food was the fire

full

went

'.

An exocentric phrase with meaning Equational kou tab was like

with fever

pou

occasionally

oo

-

co

,

-

oo

-

,

form

:

clause

:

a

. 7.

-

, .

00 6

A

minor

ko

'.

' 's

not here co

sa

ròp that

very

co

sweet potatoes

adverb with meaning Equational tre bie

they were good

for

plate

: of

An

‘

a

patat Miroté prepared

he

he

,

‘

to

‘

ou

yé

‘

' ti he ; -

'

,

A

.

4

of

passim papa verb with meaning action our texts rou my father gave me little hoe mâmâ fièv mother had fever koté frè where your brother mênê youn Frâs kité plat isit took one France left the other hereabouts Miroté paré

you

ki

sa

he

if

ti -

se

:

]

[

,

his

,

li

ou

li, of

,

.

4

in

'.

Figure

4

ADVERBIAL MODI

(

TENSE

+

PREFIXES

)

FUTURE

(

+

OF

TENSE

predicate

PREDICATE

)

+

of (

pa )-

+

)

(

PAST

,

in

,

a

shown

FIGURE ORDER

NEGATIVE FIER CENTER

he

off

',

is

's

' he it

e

Predicate Prefixes

is

Order

of

i.

is ,

. sé -

a

'.

122

li

’;

ti -

-

, ), li to

, yé

. ‘ it ' . sa

4

li

to

had come

[

wè

ou

]

li

‘ li,

ou

si

(

pòt

I

pasé love another girl métié chak moun ânik kouri nâ you chémê lwê baré wété tou gêgnê his trade was everybody that passed front door saw you he simply ran stopped you and he took from little road far you all you had After the clause has emphatic meaning moun only child he child her was that

dévâ

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL ]

Any predicate may be preceded by a modifying element , usually an adverb (occasionally a noun or an adjective ) , and usually referring to time or extent , with emphatic meaning : li toujou ap - rélé sou mwê he was always yelling 1

.

atme'; mwê 'my mother

'

a

-

';

-

I -

';

”

"

all

yo ‘ '

)

.

( lit

of

';

yo m

té -pi

a

t-

-ap

'I

so

for

m

ap - véyé

té

‘ I was always watching ; mâmâ -m té-gâ tâ abitié long had time been accustomed tèlmâ rêmê métié much loved the trade mâjé rêmê the food most liked tout gasô prâ bou chak mekrédi makak avèk kòk the regular fellows every Wednesday take their sticks macaque wood and their game pieces -

té toujou

',

‘

-pa

‘

' -

't

sa

fè

-pa

ou

a

va

'; :

lit .

-

la

ouvri pòt

ava

-

li

.1

.

2

in

'

m

run

';

,

it

ve

'

ll

he

'

-m

-

as a

to

in

as

.

)

(2

.1

va

-,

-,

a

lò

';

-ap -ap ri

-

' ‘ '; ; he ' l- ou ll

,

be

av av be -

a

'.

a

)

,

lie

(

'

-l

-

-

,

y

ll

I' , m I 'll

travay

come out

-

142

désân

ava néyé

'

ou av a ap

ava sòti

'll ' -

-ap -

,

m

:

lò

'll

'

grabbed

the man who lies will Before verb provided with the the future tense prefix makes future progres âjé when you come down eating working you when come mâti

moun

he '

'I 'll

lò m lò m -a av - ou a

vini

you

-map

,

soon

drown him durative prefix form

a

or

'; lò ) - - - '; '; l- . (2 lap ‘ a . as , l- .2 - k , be ) in a ' av ou - , ‘ -

(p

-

-l

-

-

n

kouri

open the door

they

( é )

'.

)

'.

-

.

' he 'll

kroké

ava

sive

:

4

-

do

)

2

(

(

,

cf lit . .

in

,

‘

-

li

';

té

prémié rété she had first stayed With the adverb jâm never normally position negative predicate prefix which occurs this the not always occurs also you don jâm below sub section ever never that may immediately precede The future tense prefix ava 224 modifying predicate rovided not with element described the pre ceding sub section examples given Thus addition the 224 stop rété rivé rélé when arrives you call me sito

cocks

(

ap

is

p -

-

k a

't ';

‘

-

.n

';

-

't

to

be ‘

-

't

he -

ap

p

:

)

‘ li

87

re

.

'

,

I

be

ap

sa

-

-

, 't

p

- ' ; -ap li

( é ) (

by

a

‘

you

89 )

laughing when smiling wryly will châté singing rivé she when arrive SCH automatically But after negative the future tense predicate prefix ap placed stop SCH rété he won kabicha we drivayé drag along moun sleep won won able madé grignê

té

';

-

té

ki

sa

’.

s

it '

-

-

sé -

li ‘I ' ' ;

-

te

m

'; -

,

of

-

va

and the future prefix combine certain parts the South the

in

-

té

the past tense prefix conditional compound prefix

:

a

form

';

‘

-

it

'I

-

';

'; m -

te sé té

‘I

a

, ‘

-

-

té

(

â

gê

-

.2 ) :

té

.

-

3

'

.

(2

li to

Used together

compound prefix

'.

,

-l

néyé

'

yo p

the man who asks forgiveness they won drown him Before the future tense prefix may come the past tense prefix you 224 mwê twaz had three years was three years old slept happy krêt that which was fear dòmi kôtâ was pli piti he was smaller pou mêm mwê was me for him padô

elsewhere would Some speakers perfect use the extended form ava conditional would have others use for both conditional and perfect conditional meaning and use ava you lagé for emphasis SCH Thus leave me kwè pral vini thought you would come dis would have been

'.

t-

té as

send

ask

auxiliary

est tué he

s '

'

but

il

être for avoir

tué he killed

to

m

';

li sèt 'I â‘ I

that

‘

a to

:

il

nature

French

would

of

-

gê

'

'd

m

-

-t a -

a

t-

standard

in

?

;

-

t m a

voyé mâdé pou

somewhat similar

reflexive verbs

in

substitution

mwê

';

years

ou

‘

. . . ';

-

'

a

t-

,

.'

himself

ou

:

.

'I

An automatic

of

1

to

-

in

have seventeen

the perfect tenses

killed

)

(

87

-

a

t-

a

t-

going

'

va -,

té

a

as

-

t-

has the form

66

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

li he

for

AMERICAN

(MEMOIRS

,

74

be

'I 'd

-m

';

't

he

'd -l' I '

'.

3

‘ no ti - if . at 2,

apparently

all

-pa

‘

-

not

. . ') ’, :

nâ -

ou

-

li

-

a

-

in

pwê

(

'

-

pa

negative predicate prefix not and also occurring only pwê the fixed locution -

of

-t -

-

m

: t-a t m -

-

,

m

-

' ‘I . -

t-

-

-

';

be

-pa

to ta

'

-

-t -

ou

I'

yô m

';

fè -l

.

4

t-

li

d

,

to

';

t-

'

-

t-

a

li

';

kapab her would able mwê apé mênê avè taking you with me toujou pou péyé vân wouldn pay me have still sell him With ava ava rêmê would have loved him ava kwè ava vini would have thought you have come pakèt things for him bagay ava she would have made lot may come the Before the tense prefixes mentioned sub sections

't ';

't sé he

Pipirit

t

't

in

' isn t

m

-pa

‘

-

â

âyê

mêm

-

nobody

as

:

him

'.

‘

saw

'

di

-pa

')

‘

li

Pipirit

in

a

is

[é ]

(

li ’;

pa

wè

-

pèsòn

';

't

or

')

got anything

't

‘

'I

hadn

say anything

himself didn

';

is

ap pa

sa

-

p

-

' ‘ he - -

-

ou

nâ

-tpa ; s - li - '

li

'; -

nâ

';

is

't

'I

(

';

-tpa ' .' -

gêgnê ûyê

m

'; it '

't

to

't

'it

pa

-

li 'I

t-( é )-

sé

';

to

-

pa

vlé

' it 's

in

there mwê you don stop mwê wasn me rété gadé gasô mwê bwè didn want drink wasn any going keep the little boy more könê didn know any harm pwê mal rêmê banan didn like bananas there negative prefix always present negative pronoun that The when there nobody âyê nothing pèsôn jâm adverb never the utterance

not me

:

is

to

,

,

is

of

.

)

25

,

'

ap

- , ap -lap -

: ).

to

';

-

m

zo

' ' ;

't

‘

pa , -

-a

in

to

-

nâ

[ it ] sa

that la

or ' .

yé +

of

or

)

,

noun adjective interrogation

(

complement

emphasis instances predicate takes the place

-

'; ti -

a

on

-m

predicate

of

,

locational

as in a

'

)

' .

or

equational

of

as

Sp

(

'

an

in be

located estar takes exposed position

an

of is

;

use

's li

'

-

.

;

(4 .3 .2 )

,

otherwise complement

her

sousé

plat lâdémê môté lakay mâmâ avèk my mother pafwa house with the little dish sometimes the children would eat chair complement place phrase used time to

up

he or

‘

2

The verb only when the latter

,

li

,

'

li

ba

-ap

-

p

';

m 51 .

I'

]' (

[

't

yé

.

nominal be

.

2

'

went

kôn mâjé sou chèz

Noun

the

King

223

Adverbial complement

moun 3

SCT

any

the next day

ti -

]

'

is ba

;

isn

'

(

,

la

gê

't ou

sa

yo

in

to

-

ki

jâ

)'

;

mariaj Rwa gods parèt pou mâdé mê tout young men who appeared marriage the order ask her hand give didn want mêm kôsèy even advice they wouldn you give mwê what have there me kodên turkey eggs sucking grasèt pasé pwê plumper than what

all

(

vlé

nâ -

to

to

'

-

fè

it

yo

'

-l

-ap

mâjé

,

fè

,

apriè whatever prayers they used mâjé pou apézé lwa whatever appease the loa African eat they gave eat

k

apriè

k

:

jen

to

';

they prayed give they used

to sa sa

:

is

pray

there

of

in

is a

—

an

an

of

.?

by

or —

.

found with

Direct object

it

, .

1

.

Creole

It

it

.

4

by

'

of

ous parts utterance by their occurrence outside normal position anticipation exposition either Exposition placing 131 element utterance advance normally frequent syntactic device for emphasis where would occur

in

.

3

an 21

of 3.

cf .

,

it

up (

,

in

a

of

4

in

. 13 .

major clause Elements follows normally the subject predicate the whose elements are the order customary for the phrases various which make for structure nominal phrases and verbal phrases respectively Emphasis given however and vari Order

precedes

predicate

HAITIAN périod - la , mâmâ - m

sleep alone

's ”;

to

krié the

‘

-

m

nâ ,

kouché pou

mété

té

,

-

sé

for

lò

’;

,

I

kò -m -

-

put me

pou

prémié fwa

he

pra

I li ou ‘ i(. ). e : ' . . m

An I ‘ at

cried

,

first time she

for you

to

ll

,

I'

get

it

lò

house

‘

-

that time

désâd kay mâmâ

the

- -

bagay pou mwê

the same period , my mother time was very small sila was the most beautiful thing me goes down when his mother

al lavil ‘ at

, at

-

lò a m lé

li ’; m ‘at -a

bèl

pli li -

went

piti

-n

to town ';

tou

( 3 . 251. 1 . d ) : mêm

CREOLE

it

HALL )

on

gê

-té

m

‘

, -m

li

; ,

)'

sa

-

';

yé

'

and followed

by

.

-

she was

a

té

Aisyê

li

:

element

nâ

a

clause

lè

- '

sé is

it

form

): ‘

pa or - [

by the equational

sé -

)

.

by

Preceded

51 256 ké

SCT

(

'

.

b

-

,

'.

by

:

A

a

. .

5

'

therefore was greatly afraid predicate any introductory Not preceded

Haitian

nâ

sit

to +

.

(

,

.

4

obj exocentric phrase prep rivé légliz mété chita apré kilt Pastè Pozi the church she put me seated me prâ mwê after the service Pastor Pozi took me pou krêtif âpil

arriving

yo

-

all

';

-

li

gê

Ti - pi -

it '

sé s

';

a

it

he

to

‘

di

sa

he

ou

no -

sa

it

sé

‘

's ';

he

kô ' - ; sa Ti -sé ké yô , li i.e - yé a ‘ . - jou

- ]

li -'

li

ké

(

that

li

not introduced fini kaba tout viân chaché mâmâ was only when had finished finishing the meat kapab pou that looked for his not for that that you say that gro vwa can say that that reason for you trouvé greater voice than happened pasé Malis that had Malice introduced

'

it s

'; is

)

an

li ' it 's

vân

-pa '.

ou

's

a

he

(

to

, sé i . - e.

to

i.e, .

of ' . an

':

too

it '

to s

“

is

he

‘

it

yo

'

.

.

4

't

-

-

sé “ it s a

sé

of

:

is

,

before they started the people Predicate adjective

(

.

)'

,

lit .

(

'

yo

yo

)

:

.

1

,

,

is

(

in

later the utterance often anticipatory repetition the same element likewise frequent with emphatic meaning and found with Subject pronoun preceding the predicate and the subject which then follows the predicate avâ kômâsé moun before the people started )

occurring

up

‘

sé

rivé dévâ Rwa thus that one day they came before the midnight before they arrived jouk minwit rivé was you dyab devil that devil This construction obligatory with domaj domaj kapab bad mwê too bad you can sell him me Anticipation emphatic element referring 132 use element

King

's

-

sé

is

li in

+

'

is

' it

bô

‘

ala

the little boy

did

.

!'

good time

. . . ! :

ala

how

how

‘

la

a

-

ti -

,

or !'

;

is

'

té -

fouyé

-

,

-l

as

‘

rivé kôprân

,

rivé m

'; wè

té -

me wè

m

come see

ou

giving the meaning

had finished eating

';

,

you have arrived

I

soon

as

mâjé

'

fini

as

,

:

soon

m

fini

as -

':

' .. as .

- as m

,

4

wè

sé

“

-

sa -a

';

he

-

's '

la

ti -

,

an

, -

sé

';

).

46

with

bâboché Did we ever have

n

!'

bâboché

verb anticipated bway ala fouyé

Verb anticipated Standing alone immediately before the subject

a

vin

soon

ala

3

Predicate adjective how good this girl

fi -a

dig

se

':

)

's

it

's

, ( lit lit . .

.

2

‘

. . ; bô . '. ‘ ‘ (

SCT

slow

in

anticipatory clause with kat very bway four times kat frôté frôté the little boy solent four times insolent the little boy insolent kat dous very dous she very sweet kat mizadò fâm mizadò that woman very

to

say

85 )

-p

as

prâ

‘

soon

'

. na

,

as

va -

,

Lâj

'

Brer Snake has come

ask

Ange

'

pou

L

mâdé

for tou

yo

(

SCH

'.

kôpè Koulèv

nou

ati

-

, ,

dòmi

bwè

to

sé -

leave

vin

,

-

n a

’;

,

talk

=

mâdé

about asking

kouché

pitit

too

as olé

by

'.

)

I

,

:

a

In

.

b

is

[

pou

we

MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

kouché take you bwè

will

have finished drinking

phrase

asking marriage

understood

sleep

bed

'll ';

go

as

saw

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

di

as

you

the children

in

it

I

soon as

soon

to

' as

him

AMERICAN

-

-

m

: sé ‘ -

is ’ sé

-

ap

l- -‘

- -a-

,

m

'.

as

'

la

'.

a

ou

li

,

si

li

'

sa

tou

ki

li

to a

'.

,

a

form

-

ou

,

,

clause

,

yo

,

li

:

yo

';

'.

volé

of

:

-

to

do

of as

of

:

in

‘

'

,

Rich

poor

yo

.

,

â

,

,

kay

is

to

kêu â

‘ if

gêgnê

kôn

the ti

ki

pou

partially

'; ';

to

-

ou

to

, ' ;

]

oto

Sa

,

behind

yo

,

di

old

( if ] I[

will walk

a

resulting

zero

li

pou

-

paròl

in

parallel construction girl say mwê biê mwê mêm the had anything anything say yoû gêgnê had her lòt trèz one the other thirteen years maché dévâ mwê dèriè walk

replaced

or

,

fouré

conform the major clause type following the main types which element the preceding linguistic

not

an

by .

those

in

e

.

They are

i.

,

Elliptical

fifteen years

, I

li

of

,

!

Clauses are such

predicate

gê is

4

ti , fi -a me

,

-

'

-a

-

. . ‘ 21 . + .

4 2

Minor

subject

context

flop

-

dlo

nâ

continuation

rivé

'.

;

indeed ou

-

wi wi

( lot lit ' .

a

'

à

mêm

,

moun

ti -

:

yo

:

déniè

,

l- ,

,

)

-

;

la

as

‘

ve

'

'

ou

li b.

-y kò

With

little

)

an

minor

floup the interrupted construction poup poup poup She she dived into the water they plop plop plop they flew away

alé

to si

wè every

gêgnê

you had

usually

the preceding clause

for

of

he

, if

element

onomatopoeia

all

of ,

another

you

wété

pòt

you he simply ran

saw

(

li :

of

,

baré

pasé dévâ

the last little children they sure were crying crying they indeed were nòm tiré wi tiré the man pulled completely you wi rivé arrived vous êtes tout fait arrivé krié

front

it

sé

sé -

,

sé -

';

lò

-l -a -

';

'I

,

yo

-

ti -

-

'

indeed

With repetition

a

of

,

nâ

in

intercalation or

wi . . y as -ap '

2

wi

such

almost killed

construction and beginning

chak moun

front his door stopped you he took from

he

off ,

that passed With

off

or

the breaking

Without other rhetorical devices you ânik kouri chémê lwê

far

they

:

,

.

1

li

to in

'm ' ll

I

'

it s

,

.

.

4 a

on

,

ou

Anacoluthon occurs

133

touyé touyé bourik they killed the donkey

kòm

like killing

new tack

person

wi

lit .

an

of

in

grâgou mwê grâgou was very hungry Also with phrase exocentric the latter acting the predicate

equational clause

the donkey

';

: an '; in , sé , sé - I he 't -

'

he

'

a -

'I

was only just tasting the anticipated verb

road

to

a

they didn

m

yo

c

-pa.

as vlé In

clause introduced the equational form mâjé open mâjé louvri want kou râtré really eating soon comes back start rivé kouché apé gouté sèlmâ get going right gouté kouché when bed separate

gro méző

,

, ,

, ak

,

to

,

at

‘

meat and bananas

]

us

she would give

, ,

ti - ,

ba

-

,

ak

-

'

,

sometimes

(

little food

,

a

give

us

ak

a

”

; - [

The rich

, ]

,

.

houses

of

little

,

kamiô chwal diférâ kalité What used have was had big four story houses shops autos trucks horses mâjé pafwa viân different kinds midi mâmå kôn nou bânân paswa mai moulê kwit âsâm pwa piti mi pwa noon mother would

kat étaj boutik

some

HAITIAN

HALL )

60

CREOLE

pé

of

-

à

in

,

A

,

'.

'

, o

;

'

!'

-o

:

!'

, ,

'

sa

,

!

'

oh

‘

by

I

-

?

?

'

';

sa

ki

: ‘

or -

:

.

i.

e

,

.

!

bộ

,

!”

;

.

p

fè

sa

-ap

:

or

-

,

,

in

a

'; ';

Mamma mamma

do

I]

to

linguistic context first person subject the practical remember my little cousin mâmâ mâmâ akò

'[

kouze

ou

m

-o

,

';

child

Non

-

-

29 ) '

,

hey

Referring

sôjé

at

';

, ,

ti -

ou

lè

o

is

.

1 4 . . ti 23

bò

'! (

SCH

gyab

msié bwè dévâ mwê drink that front your appearance you little rascal voca hey mésié Oh Mister madâm Oh

look

rayi vyân moutô Oh mutton meat hate phrases pou why that vocative free forms good poor chap Predicate Alone without subject has several meanings

pitit

';

you

malvéyâ

followed

often

Missis

keep quiet

dear

,

‘

';

tive

gadé

o

my

look

me

Sir

,

chè

times (she would give us ] ground corn cooked together with beans , [or ] little millet and beans '; “ Sa ou t- ap -di sou -mwê ?” Mwê di- l: “ Â yê ” ( “ What were you saying about me ?” I said to her : “ [ I was saying ) nothing " . 4.22 . Individual Free Forms or Phrases occur frequently as the sole con stituents of clauses , either as vocatives or with independent meaning : mâmâ , li prâ ti- plat mwê 'Mamma , he 's taking my little dish '; gadé , môrété

la

-

-

-

-a

fi

va

-

â

’;

I

came

gê

lò

two years

to

]

they

(

'

's

father

bed

'.

of

in

when

m

-

papa

my

be :

or

'.

at

yo

a

up

to

of

(

)

at

‘

nâ

)'

,

in

(o

(

is ,

behold

. . is . '

there

‘

y a

nâ

nly the locution demonstrative trouvé tròp plât nâ âjé man over there

',

il

is ,

there

gê

bò

vwala

“

'

as

there

not

. . . ') ,

is

pwê there

gê

:

Impersonal

Such verbs gê

,

té

';

to

I]

'[

)

2 , . â

dòmi avè mwê dévâ kabân they slept with me front

' a. 3.

';

on

't

I]

' - [ a

déz

old

ou

,

[ ]1

'[ '

,

won that any more pito kou kasé sou chwal prefer your neck had been broken répôn the horse paryé mwê bet the girl will answer me kôtinwé dòmi âsâm jiskaké mwê gêgnê sleep together until we continued was fifteen years old lanwit révéyé midnight night we woke minwit Referring following preceding clause the subject vini would

-

gê a

-

';

nâ or

to

a

in

of

on

be

to

in

'

’;

al -

-

a

-

la

'

k

';

a

)

’

‘

in

]

- [ la

lie

is

'; '

in

lit .

(

-

.

.

237

)

50

-

ki

nâ

‘

-

it

'

is

sa

-

gê

harm going

';

-

té

(

pou

no

nâ

’;

pwe there that can still give prômênê there that vwala Bouki you jou who went for walk trouvé sou pié kénèp you gro koulèv big chanced that under the quénèpe tree there was snake toujou rété pwa mamit there always remain some beans the pot

mal there was Bouqui one day

SCT

bay âkò

té

-r

';

a

';

-

'

gê ô

-

té

'

-

ou

gê

a

';

'

na

gê

pwê mâti

no

people

nâ

-k

nâ

';

yo kôn

-

bò

in

“

's

a

la -a

' '

':

it

you nôm chanced there king there are too many plants the row rwa there was you gro pié kénèp sou lariviè there was big quénèpe tree the edge the family you fâmiy river chak kay there used each house ay kôn wit nèf moun the houses there used be eight nine

'go ; la

-

ak -

'

'.

'; -l

'.

s

it '

to

:

a

'

pé

'

ou

-

à

'; pé !

' ';

'

ba

la -

or

';

s

'

' ',

as

it '

'

,

';

'

go

.

4

m

-

‘

of

b

meteorological condi cho hot frèt cold referring tions isit cho tròp here too hot âba frèt down yonder cold plural meaning kité alé let him Imperative either singular pitit lagé stop let me gadé look rété little débat struggle along with the child bouch shut your mouth The negative

: .

Such adjectives

70

AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

is normally a phrase consisting of piga ' take care not to . . . ' t ( 3. 251 .4 ) or of pa - ‘not preceding a verb : forms the negative of an imperative : pa -krié ‘ don 't cry '; pa - râmasé - m 'don 't pick me up '. phrase gives a 5 . A center consisting of pou - introducing an exocentric meaning of obligation or futurity : ki sa pou - m fè ? 'What am I to do ( what

imperative

lit .

(

to

'

give you

?

I

am

ou ?

ba

-m -

;

to ?

of

;

';

,

)

T

H

'

't

(

'

:

well now matter

.

!'

'

it

';

,

number padô

a

and

,

.

16

in

2

as

those enumerated

' .

in eh

,

eh

'

’;

ho

-

èvè

,

';

, oh

‘

'

How much

minor clauses Further examples atò pwi please nêpòt tâpri doesn tâ

4

,

. 24 .

Special Forms such

others occur only pardon excuse me

ò _ ò

kôbyề pou

give you

'.

me

)

how much for

do ')

thing for me

to

lit .

clause

(

1

. .2 ) ,

,

in

,

is

of

-r

a

ak

ki

sa a té ? “

?

';

is

'; ?

t

-pa

t-

ki ou

ki

-

'; ?

nâ

'; ?

I

do

ou

ou

'; ?

to

kalité

you get people

is

'.

?

)

be

as

of

nominal made

:

of

.

)

'. it

'

't

.

3

; cf .

is

?

in

21 ( by

ou

?

. ? . ' .?

or

a

it

of

'; ‘ is ?

'

?

(

.

25

dependent clauses verbal phrases the function complements following attributes and verbal The observations may concerning special features subordination 3

sa -a

sa

:

's

are

'

't

' ?

ou

of

for

in

as

4 4

? ?

:

. . 3. . . .

that

and

ap

mété moun Into what kind mess interrogative particles èské apa that not apa you glad èské kôtâ Are you glad kôtâ Aren accomplished Subordination clauses Creole their incorpora dependent elements phrases especially nominal phrases

The

tion

nô ès

or =

ye ?

ou

z

';

it ?

is

di

-

té

vin

traka

pitit other verbal complement what the matter with this child

you prâ biskwit kômâ How koté eating you get you pou Where did the biscuits were Why didn you listen what told you

li '

kouté

this name

'.

interrogative direct object What does this child have

what

mâjé

What

?

An

ou ? “

sa

gêgnê

? ou sa ?yo yé “ m - “

.

2

lidé

is

ou ? “

what was sweet and sour manioc your idea What

amè

ki

-

1 ' .

'; : ki ki -l

:

or

by

of

by

.

4 .3

,

or

Interrogative Clauses whether major minor structure have either sharp ising intonation the normal order elements accompanied 81 special interrogative element which are introduced one the following An interrogative subject pronoun maniòk dous maniók

to

.2 .h

yo

òm

'

fè m

-pa

vlé

-

té

, ie. .

by

)

.

(3

'

are

are

',

I

‘

la

where had introduced

by

,

located

are

.'

,

-

tó -

jwên kòb

however be

predicate complement with

it s

I

,

if ]

‘[

of m -t a -

sa -a

koté

clauses

m

’;

goes down

Many dependent

prâ

on

')

'

is

sé

,

' '. he

', '

jên

‘yé be ;

'. a

use

of

for

2

Cf . fn .

-t -a -

m

I'

lè d

'

when

found the pennies 3

ou ou

,

'; :

désân

‘

lò

:

pendent

li

('

lò

introduced actually nouns

were you apparently take This true also clauses that and when and koté where quasi conjunctions which are time the place which the following clauses de the

by

to

make me marry not that young man

,

in

.

4

. 41 .

Parataxis and Hypotaxis Many subordinate clauses Creole par modifying directly juxtaposed those nouns 212 are the parataxis element they modify the relationship being shown the juxtaposition itself moun maryé avèk the people you wanted ticularly

HAITIAN

HALL ]

CREOLE

elements , such as relative pronouns : ki té -rélé Krisiâ ‘who was called Christian '; ki

té gê

,

'

-

or

lwa who

-ap

ou

-pa

or adverbs

subordinators loa

specifically subordinating

-

be

,

‘

,

ou

:

,

'.

him

'plê

li li

';

'; 't

at

I

as

‘

tense prefix

a

)

.3

-, .4

t-

a

,

122

don

't

‘I

kôtâ

-

a

nou

t-

si

-

kônê

know

':

. . .

to

=

s

a “

ought

you

to

-

a

,

if ';

a

pakèt

barbecue pleasure

be

)

him

up

t-

fè -l

t-

,

to

make but

ou ou

pasé brid mwê

make

( lit .

things that would give

ava

li

yô

'

L

,

if

he

fè

-

t-

a

li

si

babako

wanted

yô go

-

t-

a

bô ,

a

,

in

si

':

ké to

vlé

Lando that

nâ -

ou

Lâdo said

of

a

lot ‘

-l

he

plézi

him bô

if

di ‘

now

fè

-t - do ki t- let ata a -pifor -

'd

he

bagay

a

sièl kou

right

heaven

mê

'; li li -yé

nâ -

'

môté

conditional prefix the main clause giving meaning Kôpè Koulèv fact Mâmzèl Lâj mèt Ange could Brer Snake was good Miss to

contrary

situation

si

of

.

a

C

'.

-

ought

to

,

‘

it

giving the meaning should necessary you should see

it '

',

that Brer Snake Together with

see

mwê

'.

'it 's

ifò

necessary

kôpè koulèv

sa

-

t-

wè

After a

ou

ifò

.

b

'd

be

:

indirect question content

whether you

pa

an

In

.

a

:

'(

of

:

-

specific

,

In

of

conditional

The

the following instances

subordinate clause past and future prefixes combination a

found

Tenses the predicate

of .

is is

4

42

Sequence

used with

.

-ap ba -l

an -

m

'.

. , .

by

’;

'

because

1

‘

he

s

-

';

a

if

you don stop paské toujou rété rélé sou mwê was always yelling me jiskaské vật until his belly was mâjé gave full amézi food The subordinator may asépté since my followed intercalated minor clause piské pitit mwê child you accept

had

té

-

I'

,

d

-

-

té

m

him

. ' . .1

to

listened

ba

-

a

the to -t -

,

m

,

,

d

I' vlé

-

I'd

I

if

die

in

:

)

?

to -

-l

'I 'd

I

kouté

si

'.

'd (a

he

]

t-

-m - 'yo té - if

-

t-

-t a -

m

';

a

si

by

of

a

,

.

)

mouri

, ta

’;

in

, ou [ ‘

-

to

t-

a

li , li

-l

.2

2

(

-

call them

kou

si

-m

-

a

my

pass

ou

li, 'd

ou

me

t-

m

better yoûn bridle over your neck sizoka give him you môtré sèvi case you wanted one Occasionally and you would teach him read and serve you sub ordinate clause introduced has simply the past predicate prefix 224 the conditional instead Gallicism wè you moun nâ kèk kanòt mwê rélé were see some people some canoes you

kité

as he

as

-ap

)

as av -

' ‘ as

gnou

li ‘

he

's

m

some

ak - ':

, ki

'

=

'

who

ki '

, ki

ak -

ki

blâ

occur introduced

by

)

-

a -

n

-ap

w

yo ,

, -

l-

-a n aor - -a (2 -

w

-l av - : . -ap lò

).

’ . av - -ap ; .2

be

' '; lò; l89 – av l 90 - -

'll

he

'.

(

'll

on

Distributive Clauses kolyé rouj

ki

laprosésyô

of ak -

4

'll

. , 43 .

,

'll

,

is

he

'

,

.

(2

in

it

,

to

.

2

The subordinate clause has the future predicate prefix 224 when the main clause has both referring the future One both clauses may mâjé have the verb the durative 142 Thus désân eating when you come down koû tiré vâsé soon shooting we advance niché plat rélé when licking the dishes you call me sito dérivé soté sou soon jump turns we him SCH

'

or

,

-

ak

,

,

-

fè

-

,

ak

,

223

).

(

SCT

51 .

,

‘a

ti -

ak

ti -

fi

bidô bokit kalbas girls with red necklaces some with gasoline procession mamit tins some with canteens some with buckets some with gourds small pots

osnô

gaz

TEXTS

B. 5

THE

. SAMPLE

TEXT AND ANALYSIS in

,

,

of

of

to

. . ,

5 3

In

)

.

2

but not thereafter

are

,

construction

.

or

of

(

.

1

on 92 . the

superscript numerals at the end of each sentence refer to the corre sponding analysis The texts are given 1 section of the McConnell Laubach orthography references the appropriate section any part speech form the grammar are given the first occurrence The following special abbreviations

:

used

=

= =

=

,

=

al

,

= = = =

,

=

I

=

=

=

,

al

m

=

n

pl

=

sg

vb 72

three

You

,

la

-

·

second

he

li

-

dézièm

yo

nâ -

a

mésié

( pl :say :di .)

goat

Trouvé Happen

gentlemen

A

in

-

kabrit

goat the

-

twa

One

kabrit

tail

time

the la ? ? ” » 4

.)-

Youn

-

. .3

-ap

m

(

take

and

. .

volè

dur

donkey

tâ ?

twa

prâ

épi

nâ -

all

-

behind

thief

bourik

on

ti -

.)

dim

(

tout

look

three

you

ké

-

-

a

)-

(

bell

turn

.)- -

dur ap

(

kloch

dèyè

parié bet

with

gadé

I-

nou

nâ

.

té

Sa

What

before

hang

viré

dévâ

you

come

pass

descend

-

Li

.)

you

He

.1

- -l -( -pa t. -) pasé

“

vini

di :say :

not past need

avèk

koké

past

bézwê

maché

into market

goat

“

verb

-

dur

)(

past

désân

kabrit

pou

him

subordinator

universal

Translation

-ap

peasant

t-

A

. .

abita (

=

=

Text and Interlinear

5 1

pronoun pronominal

singular

impersonal

You

you

predicate prefix

subord

univ

exocentric

impers

=

= =

durative equational

person phrase

plural

pref pron

diminutive

object

=

,

-

-

,

= = = =

=

=

phr

=

exoc

-

pers

direct

= =

=

dur

for

obj

coordinator compound

pred

dim

noun nominal numeral

num

definite demonstrative

dem

eq

combination complement

indefinite interrogative

minor major

maj

tive

center

def

a

attribute

imperative

=

,

,

=

=

cl

coord

dir

interr

clause

comb compl

ctr

atory

article

attrib

cpd

indef

-

=

antic

art

impv

adverb ial anticipation

=

adv

al

adjective

=

adj

HAITIAN

bourik - la .

-

5

.

donkey

take

the ”

- prâ

he

so

,

's

in

'I : . ll ' It

you bet

do

What

the three men said you get the goat

get

I' ll

to

,

get the donkey

.'

of

:

A

second said

'

?

' If

.

three thieves One

the goat

a

to

A

.

of

front

dur

to

.

a

. .

5 2

to

need

m - ap

self

peasant was going down donkey Free Translation market with goat He had hung goat little bell the tail that would not keep turning look behind all the time chanced that he passed

a

and

mwê-mêm

-

goat -

(

take

I-

you

kabrit - la ,

I-

prâ

,

“ If

ou

the

Si

“

73

CREOLE

.)

HALL )

)

12

pred

.

‘a

'n

phr

(4

peasant

you abitâ

+

11 )

.

(4

nâ -

)

subj

=

cl (4 . .1

t. ap 1 5 21 .3 .1 a = . .d

Analysis

maj

'

. 31 )

'

compl Exoc phr +

.

(3

exoc phr goat exoc phr

vb +

)

.

.

(2

descending

‘

-ap

a

=

to

(2

n

‘

'

'

‘a

)

) t-

.3

=

to 25 ) .

(4

a

was

) .2 .

'

21

+

.

(

3

N

)

.

' .

(3

.

n

'

'

a

=

‘

+

'

to

'

'

’

' ‘a

‘

'

',

'

'a

.

)

(2

+

'

'a

N

ti -

all

ké

nâ -

-ap

'

all

the time -

nâ

'

's

)

; 3 . 21 .4 la .b ' ) .

the

-

la

’.

kabrit

subj negative =

maj

cl

(

tâ 2 .

211

. . pa . -

bézwê pred pref

ké

+

'

' ' a ké

3

the def art

-tpa - '

viré

indef art head bell Exoc phr kabrit the goat

‘

-

l-

obj

compl

bézwê

, . 21 .2 .d

ossessive

the

head koké

=

-l -tpa - +

n

’

to

n

obj

'

kloch

kloch

little bell

a

-

té

vb

tâ

to

‘

.. .

phr

behind

look you

+

)

,

tâ

+

)

.

be

to

a +

=

attrib

you

behind

look

phr little bell compl pou

la

(p

koké

had hung

koké

on +

be

.1 in

'

(2 nâ - .

'

for

attrib +

+

n

attrib

' '+ -

-tpa -

pred

+

ti -

'

a

ti -

'

prep pou

+

=

goat

tâ

kabrit pred

311

dim

prep

head

tail

pred

turning

turning

little bell

ké

' ' ' =

tail

to

need

head

. . .

exoc phr

'

to

ti =

pref

2

-ap

)

of . him

not kloch

131

ctr

kloch

the goat

+

=

need

you

.1 .a

you

n

251

(

' he '

not

pers

viré gadé dèyè tout

past tense marker

's

'

=

‘

phr

Exoc phr pou pers pron

l' ' .3 he

té so

,

‘

tâ

for

'

N

n

n

phr

'

tail goat

la

kabrit

the goat

phr little bell

' .

ti -

kloch

on

exoc phr

obj

the tail

gadé dèyè tout

should

l-pa he -t li -

cl =

on +

la vb

-

kabrit

dir

' '=

hang

‘

la

-

tail pred pref

time

pron

bézwê

pou

's

on

kabrit the goat

(3

ké

nâ -

2

=

.

'

subj

+

'

maj

‘a

tn

donkey bourik coord 221 épi and phr you bourik donkey and you kabrit goat donkey respec goat indef art heads bourik kabrit you

'.

“ a

goat

a

'

a

'

,

in

nâ

.

)

2

(

=

phr

n

)

=

'

(3

désân

'a

. 12 .2 ' .a +

avèk

attrib you

=

prep

you

kabrit

you

tively

.

(2

vb nâ -

)

.

'

to

-

Exoc phr avèk with type

head

the market donkey and

obj maché market 222 épi you donkey goat prep bourik kabrit with and obj you bourik épi you kabrit donkey and goat univ comb

market

'

maché

both

(3

'

you

phr

vb

=

.. .

compl

+

)

.

(2

14

désân

avèk

nâ

phr kabrit 251 maché bourik épi you kabrit with

-ap

ctr

'

a

'a '

)

. . .

-

ap

t-

(3

épi you kabrit was going down désân maché avèk market donkey and goat phr phr peasant you abitâ with attrib you indef art 223 head abitâ peasant 111 Pred past tense marker pred pref désân kabrit 122 224 you bourik

be vb

‘

tâ tô

. . .

'

n

=

'

be

'

all vb

‘

tâ

'

-

=

-

ap

)

+

'

'

‘

+

=

tâ

.4

vb

.

(3

'

to

' '

tâ

+

vb

'

'

. . .

t-

+

vb

'

bézwe

pref

to

'

)

.4

; .

122

=

4

+

(

.

2

vb

not past tense marker ctr bézwê phr compl head bézwê need 251 viré gadé dèyè tout turning phr turning look behind all the time head ap viré compl gadé dèyè tout phr look behind all the time head compl dèyè behind adv compl tout gadé look the time 224

-ap

Vb

.

+

obj

.

n

'

the three men

phr

num

'

What

do

‘

' '

‘

of

yo

'

+

)

.

+

+

compl pasé

'

=

=

'

12

2

(

head volè thief

twa mésié one prâ kabrit

-

parié

ou

Sa

pred

num

youn

-ap

subj

nâ

=

attrib twa

cl

23 4 ) = +

maj

= “ '' di

n

volè

vb

'

of

'

in

to

'

twa

phr

. . .

pred vin

+

)

.3

, .

141

2

(

form

to vb

.

he

‘ . .

)

' he '

li

pers pron

abbreviated

volè

came

vb

. 23 .3 .a

4

(

trouvé

pasé dévâ twa volè

phr pass twa volè front three thieves head pasé pass compl dévâ twa volè before three thieves exoc phr prep dévâ before

dévâ

pref

=

n

'

‘

tâ

viré

74

.

'

subj

=

time

(MEMOIRS

vb

+

li

vb

‘

cl

'

+

vb

,

=

' '

of

‘

come

vin

compl

maj

three thieves

head

=

head

vin

)

.2

chance

trouvé

front phr

adj

simple form viré turn pred alone impersonal

‘

+

(4

)

=

head

vb in

pass volè

dur

cl -

.1

m

=

.

(2

3

phr

'

attrib ( 3 .21.1.a ) tout

=

142

ap

phr

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

all '

AMERICAN

74

you

+

-

)

‘

,

'

+

-

'

yo yo

“

. 23 .2 .b

(3

‘ in ,

nâ

.

)

+

12

2

(

=

‘

of

yo “

nâ

? ”

'

la

- -

m

.

' 21 sir .4 ' .c

’

n

=

’

'

? ”

=

’

vb

ll

I' ' ‘

'

.

(3

bet phr Num phr youn twa mésié one the three one num attrib nâ twa mésié obj twa mésié among the three men exoc phr prep among phr the three men attrib twa three num head mésié men gentlemen

get the goat men head youn

said

'

ll

)

(

I' I' .2 ll ll

+

I'

“

la

- ‘

'

dir la

la

=

-

ll

,

I'

suffix

+

(

'

vb

num +

'

'

two

say

dir obj

si

“

Si

di

‘

'

+ -ap

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=

get

nomi

the

(

will

pron

cpd

+

emphatic

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- -

mêm

)'

-

la

‘ if

'

,

'I ll

If

you take the goat take you take nou prâ kabrit

la

si -

-

=

base

prâ

nou

take the goat indef art with

a di ' déz '

you

head

Vb vb

.

If

“

you

obj kabrit will take

prâ

pred

+

n

'

la

-

)

mwê

di '

=

-

- -ap

' ' =

'

la

ap m

-

am

, vb .

''

-

)

-

'

-

m

+

+

vb

la

-

'

'a

la ”

7 . b

-

-ap. . prâ. . 1 132

phr

attrib

adj

bourik

251

'

la =

'

do

. .

‘

' -la

sa

of

'

'

. ‘ .

di . -

said

prâ bourik

(3 (4

+

-

di . “

Vb N

yo

. .pl

)

n

' +

m

attrib

=

cl

-

mêm

second

ap

Vb

dézièm

antic subj pers pron pred cl

second

prâ bourik phr you dézièm

phr

taking

the def art

take

ap

dézièm

-

. N

).

mwê

maj

maj

-ap

‘

-

-

'n

‘ m

la

-

'

the donkey

'I '

ap m

=

)

, .3

.

(2

'th '

ièm

-

322

nou prâ kabrit

the goať subj

=

-

+

=

cl =

you

head

+

'

”

vb

-

,

-

la

effect

attrib

prâ

form

subj

=

cl +

simple

kabrit mwê mêm phr the donkey nalizing

)

, 4 .

(

vb

'

'

' ' '

dur

will take

prâ head goat

head kabrit

maj

=

5

phr

vb

-ap =

n

phr

base

m

sa

cl

?

'

goat

pref

-

+

dir

' +

form

(

+

n

'

)

(

.)pl

(

vb

attrib

bound

sié 3 .

prefix mé my mésié gentlemen phr say kabrit head obj you bet prâ kabrit nou parié what take the goat maj interr 132 dir obj what indef dem pron 133 subj nou you pers pron pred parié prâ kabrit rest bet take phr prâ kabrit the goat head parié bet dir obj take subj pers pron pred ap prâ kabrit the goat maj will take the

ironical

.

+

-

-

la

dir

+

'

.

vb

'

“

la

-

' '

+

)

=

.

.2

2

(

vb

(

=

in

vb

'

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if

‘

'

“

' '

, .

vb

‘

‘

‘ ' '+ '

-ap

+

'

=

+

=

'

I‘, '

-

=

'

-

ap n

'

-

la

=

)

Vb

.

'

'

+

la

.

) ' -ap 2(

Vb

333 head mwê me pers pron attrib mêm same self prâ bourik prâ will take will take the donkey head phr dir obj bourik the donkey head bourik donkey attrib ap prâ pref simple form prâ take the def art dur

.

vb la

-

mphatic phr

+

la

-

=

n

(e

'I

adj

la

+

‘ if '

si

)

4 ' .

-

la

, si

'I '

-

cl m

goat phr take Maj introductory element you take the goat nou prâ kabrit subj nou you pers pron hypotaxis pred 41 subord 226 phr obj kabrit prâ kabrit take the goať head prâ take phr head kabrit goat attrib thedef art Pron cpd mwê mêm bourik

6.

;

to

;

he

I

he

.”

:

“

,

to

:

's

go

's ;

his

. I

.”

to

old

.

,

it

I I' ll

]

[

,

:“

.”

s

it '

,

he

let

]

. ]

[

,

to

and

she

; ]

,

feet

, .

pink shorts the

She

hill and Jacqueline

a

she went down

she arrived

then

my

on

to

[

,

then

me

church

shoes

on

carried

little pair

,

with

me of

to

take

,

,

he

fell me

"

.

the house

of

my aunt the my little cousin She put mother me down My little cousin looked pull the grabbed me saw me and

Then his mother called him

and

!.

]

[

,

go

.

I of

to

little shoes off my feet Then crying and said Let

to

plateau

“

.” .

-1

-

.

me

she put the little

:

-

pè ,

li â

kal

dressed

he

-

m

you

jwê mâmâ avè Nâ rivé

town

bought little black shoes for me She came one Sunday morning and she

of at

,

-m -

nâ

ti -

ou

,

”

légliz

tôbé rélé

years

At the same period

.

,

li

,

-

-m Ti -

.

Épi

-m

rété

ti -

pou rétiré

Épi mâmâ Gadé mô chè rété

Lagé

-

-pa

pié mwê

Épi kou pati Mâmâ -l

kêbé

al ba -

di -1 di : :" a

é

ti -

ou li

- li, s

tè .

wè mwê

soulié

krié

mâmâ kouze kouzê

-

, .

li

Limété

-c

-

nâ

,

ma tât mwê

gadé

nâ

m

-

nâ

a

“ ti nâ zê , -m m . m li é - - , -m - a , n ap Li - . li -

li ti -

li

abiyé mwê pou mênê hapèl épi mété pié mwê avèk soulié you pòté mwê kilòt roz désân platô Jaklin you mòn épi rivé

get

my mother went

,

la ,

ti -

achté soulié nwa you dimâch matê

with the little dish mother for you was con

Other Memories

a

.

-

lavil

Li

,

mwê

périod

Mêm

, ni l- .

-m

mâmâ

vi -

al

.

2

souvni

him

goes down

was three

.

soled

Lòt

,

's

I

]

.

's I

[

,

, [,

té -

M

.

-

M

.

â

house

mwê

little

house and

was smaller than me and said not his mine My mother came and she said He your little

's

li

-l

,

li

ou .”

-

kôsolé

cousin

kay

to

he

-m

ou ”.

-

-p

lò

pou

when

pou

my

came and took

went with it

up

he

It

li

,

.”

ti -

ou mwê Mâmâ piti kouze kité alé désâd kay mâmâ

sé

-

li

-

Sé

“

,

di :

.

,

li

-

-

m

li,

m

la

-

,

li

“

, li -pa ti -n - di : té

“

Sé

plat

-a -

m

plat mwê prâ pli piti pasé mwê

pou

prâ

gê

;

dish

and took the little dish then ran after me and took my little dish crying saying again fell Mam ma he taking my little dish And

vini

twaz

little cousin

Épi

Mâmâ

mêm

avèk

Childhood

my then the next day came mother house with the little dish grabbed him then ran after him

, -

prâ

my

épi kouri dèriè kêbé plat épi kouri dèriè mwê plat mwê âkò Mwê tôbé krié

ti - ti -la -

é li - di - li, ti :

plat prâ

Memory . I remem little cousin . My mother had given me a little dish for eating . My

First

ber

his

(Premier souvenir d 'enfance .] Sôjé mâmâ - m té -bâ - m ti- plat pou - té -mâjé . Ti-kouzê - m -nâ vini prâ ti-plat mwê , l-alé avèk lakay li épi lâdémê li môté lakay mâmâ - m avèk

.

1

ti-kouzé ,

he

where

French were

St.- Ristil. This

“

,

INFORMANTS

text , autobiographical in by young dictated to Métraux a man of Marbial . Chapter head , given by cited in Creole were Joram ; those cited in standard by added Métraux .

nature , was ings

TEXTS FROM

Autobiography of Joram

6 . 1.

she

,

my little

join”

.

Then

. .

[ lit . On

.

If

his

I

.

of

of

tle

all

do for

he

I , ,

,

the

he

beat

,

of

“

:

I

it

drank

Then

immedi

Watch your behavior

,

:“

't

,

me

in

.

he

.

front

and

afraid

He said

ately

to be

mother would didn want Young beat me He said

drink man drink that was

I I

on to

.

let .

my

When

giving me medicine

."

.

ground

't

]

[

,

to

little misdeeds me For that was very much afraid He used beat me and wouldn me play the

I

."

s

,

My Father

,

-

ti -

me

used

it,

li

sa

-

é

,

lè

.)

to

li,

-

,

“

mal

ou

-

Gadé

at

gê

ti - -

,

pa

-

m

kôn

vlé bwè

Msié bwè dévâ krêtif bwé

m

di :

-pa té

sa m

-

. Lò

di : , tè . gê “

-

. Li

. Li

.”

kôn

you

who father

When was lit my was very much afraid father because was always yelling Fear

,

,

té -

m

,

li

nâ

.

Li

,

li

m

-

fè

m

bâ - m

mwê

touswit veyâ

toujou dézòd

kôn bat mwê mâmâ

médsin

bat mwê Épi mwé

li

piti mwê

paské

mwê pou tout bat mwê Pou

-

sou

krêtif âpil jwé kité ap

.

-m

Pè

pè .

3

- -ap té

m

rélé

kônê

-

Lò

it '

!"

coffin

die tomorrow would carry his mother the cemetery

he (

your

or

of

.

the head

he

,

]

(

"

He

's :

said

should

âpil

a

.

,

after the service Pastor Pozi he kissed me Then Struggle along with the child

Then

Papa

put me

beside the pulpit

chair

took me and

papa

cousin

His mother arriving

me

she seated

a

on

]

dear stop give you

,

“

:

t'

;

if to

at

church sit

“ ”

simétiè

stop

don

went his mother left for church with me to

-l

a

, : !. di

pòté

li -

ou

Débat

my

Look

'Ill

you little beating

to

,

Pozi ou ak

said

.)

ou

chèz

-

.

li

you

mêm

papa

nâ

la

-

-

a

mâmâ

li

sé

.

tèt -m

sèkèy

pitit mouri démê

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

pastè

sou

Épi

,

Sé - li

chita

apré kilt

bo

, .

koté chè prâ mwê

Épi

ki ( Lò

li mété -m

légliz

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

him

AMERICAN

76

to

a

they

so

, ."

make the zombies the food immediately

I

[ it ]

give me get you

't

you don

piece

,

complained

,

I

:

to

:“

“

.

.”

to

I

,

of

'Ill

was eat

Give me

I

,

meet

]

not

to

so

I

,

.

years when had was always afraid as

13

to

12

lit

walk

meeting

night

[

the age

at of

.

a

't

that they wouldn make the zombies me And what was fear until get

lò

:

yo

moun

di

mwê

me

gave them

to

,

-

ti - pa

dé

,

m

kôn

-m -

.

mâmâ

When

me

of

douz

food

If

-a

said

nwit

zombies And when

see

ing they said

Épi

kôtré avèk Pafwa lakwizin kôn zòbòp

who stayed with my always talking mother were me telling about zombies me they used The children

to

m

bâ nâ

.

de

-

. -pa ,

pou

mwê mâjé

m

yo

-

M

ba pa -

ou

.”

Lò

-

-

ap

,

dé -

Si

“

:

-m

ak

-

té

kò -m -m

,

-m

ré -

maché

M

té -

m

té

pa

krêt

toujou lougarou zôbi voyé mâmâ vlé alé pou

zôbi prâ jiska laj

pou

, pè ,

lò

, té

â

ki

you

- ou . fè ”

zôbi prâ

-ap

m

sa

-

a

trèz

m

mimiré

ki

lò m

-m

di -

yo

:

-m

touswit pou

di -m

fè , " yo Bâ

.

yo té -

rété avèk mâmâ palé toujou zôbi mâjé kôn wè zôbi Épi mâjé moso

,

ap - -m - , di ap m yo , - yo

-ap ki

Ti -

.”

little rascal moun

HAITIAN

HALL )

Ân-alé avè mwê, m -ap ba ou kiyé mâjé .” Epi yo alé avè -m .

twa

“

CREOLE

with werewolves , zombies , sorcerers . Sometimes when my mother sent me

,I

the kitchen

to

I

alone .

go

not to want to two children who

used

knew

with my mother , I said to Come [ let with me give you three spoonfuls food

,

.

's to

in

to

to

I I

,

]

,

to

of

,

of

.

is

.

and present

have two

lit

and the other

went

and got on

,

cousin

a

.)

,

the age seventeen

at ſlit

to

go

I

am

to

(I

.

-

,

under the back

. a

the

put pillows under our heads

.

]

[

and

of

she put

cloth bed

it

,

's

of

]

in

[

stretched

it

out the my mother bed ground front She stretched out the mat she took and

: .

,

a

he

;

And then my mother and father took psalm the Gospel said and then hymn and then prayed sang praying we said When finished he a

,

-

[

.

in

,

At

)

]

tle

li, di

, .

. di :

,

e

.” "

di :

“

”

répôn bôswa mâmâ Épi nou tout kouché Bôswa pitit Kouzin Bôswa ma tât bôswa

At night my mat

he

,

Li

; .

li

yo

“

di :

Épi

épi lapriè Bôswa papa

yo

nou

tân

do

à

nou

lévâjil

châté kâtik

,

lapriè

tèt prâ

ba .

- -m

,

ba li

-m -

épi ak

papa

li

-m fin

li

â

li

-

zòréyé

mâmâ you sòm

Lò

-â

,

tè

-

la a ,

nat mété

dévâ kabân mâmâ prâ twal mété

.

old

old

.

I

,

to

.

until

the age

her mother twenty two years old sisters one fifteen

étân

con with

cousin

the bedroom

sisters

find

thirteen

in

a

(

My

cried

sleep

she left our house

nat

me and the living

The first time she put me

tinued

alé prâ

came

my mother for

.

â

, -

sè ,

ti -

.

)

's

(

dé

sleep alone

-

(I

, , .

old

-l

room

When

little frame bed sleep apart

seventeen

kouzin mwê

.” ,

.

of

.

,

in

's

dé

li

put me

ak

she

.) .

years

my two little

Lânwit

We con until came

bed

to

-m

. li

bought

â

-

M

they

fifteen years fifteen

bear

bear two came be slept with me

sleep together

gê

m

nâ - A

.

â

.

4

lòt trèz

to to

m

m

-

li

nâ ,

mété

be be

tinued

,

â

al dis -

, â

gâgnê kêz

I

kouché

came

she came When they

my father

to of

.

fè

-

.

-

â

gê

- . kò -m , a

vết dez

).

-m

dé ta

-

â

vin .

.

-m

â

,

yo

,

li

gê

-l -

youn

bé -

,

sè m

ti - li gê

kou

old

ti -

ak -pli

m

té -

Li

té -

.

-

-m fè

vin

nâ -

pa

mété

kouché pou krié Kouzin kôtinué kouché châm jiska sèt dis sèt jwên mâmâ sòti lakay pou Mwê

my mother

Later

another child other children two years

front

Prémié fwa

salo

father

achté you

mâmâ

Shewas older than me We my mother front and bed until was eight years

cousin

slept

(

kò -

, -té

M

.

Lò

-

m

- ti - Lò

pou mwê

kad

a

kêz

my

go

'Ill

of

went with me slept alone with the other child

Then they

domi pou lòt grâ pasé moun kouzin mwê mwê Nou kouché dévâ kabân jiska wit mâmâ Pli mâmâ vini lòt pitit zòt pitit laj déz vini dòmi avè mwê dévâ kaban papa Kôtinué dòmi jiska ké mwê vin gêgnê kêz âsâm

]go

“

's

:

lit .

stayed them

all

.

'

o

at

night we

midnight my mother

got

,

us

, it

,

to

.

made

she sent tray she my served father and then she had give her our little cups her

;

coffee

cup and

a

get

for

all

to us

,

someone

,

to

mother

and my the kitchen and

got

]

my mother Then father they went

(

[

,

When

got

and then we and went my father day became and he prayed again up

sleep

urinate

bed again

to

back

]

she had

went

my

At

clock

sleep

sleep

to

.

awoke

eight

Then

to

.

to

we went bed We went immediately We went seven

Good

“

.” :

;

,

,

.

to

My cousin said good night uncle

to

plâ

night ,

father ; good

;

kouvri

bed

up

ki

,

-m

kômâsé fouyé trou mâmâ

nou

went

night aunt

all

,

-

, li épi

-m li,

-l

sé

li .

Si

é

kômâsé

night ,

mother , ” and they answered , saying “ Good night , children . ” Then we

at or

m

; .

fè

ti -

prâ plâ

.

.

plâté avèk

voyé

fini bwè kafé apli

Li

,

li

l-

,

li

tôbé pâdâ lanwit

kafé

sèvi papa godé nou pou

.

fè

ba

li ,

li

kabaré nou tout sèvi nou kafé Papam pati alé wè bèt

li

-

-m

,

ak

prâ

fè

lakwizin mâmâ tas

y

al

-

m

li

-m

ak , .

épi

-l

,

li

, ,

fè

nou pisé épi nou rékouché nou dòmi Lò vini jou lapriè papa lévé nou tout âkò Épi mâmâ papa lévé mwê lévé

“ Good

,

Épi nou kouché . Nou dòmi touswit . Nou t - alé dòmi a -sèt ou -wit · è . Lanwit révéyé a -minwit , mâmâ - m

up

nôk . ”

âkò

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

. us

AMERICAN

;

If ,

seeds

[ by

[

,

.

[ lit

my

]

,

a

]

I

cow

,

had

a

,

my father

he

].

on

the

;

.”

“

a

for

he

it

]

[

]

: [

cup

a

kettle and

a

it

]

it

on

its

,

to

him and then the calf take mo pulled until

[

udder

it

had

,

ther

mother

finished

)

and milked milked the and

My

]

my

had

[

called

cup

the

.”

her

I'

he

cow

took

When

he

cow

ve

the

.

tied

he

(

,

made the milk come down and then he pulled the little animal away and

“

:

my father

:

di -l

-lèt lèt - -la la la ,

covered

went and washed which she brought

it;

,

fin

li

Lò lèt

avèk

mai moulê

-

ak

lèt

bay

li

fè

-1

. li , -l

li

-

,

li

. li

,

mété

bay nou chak you asièt

Pafwa

lèt

prâ

patat la ,

li

fin

tè

-

patat

-

li

-

, m

vini

bouyi avèk mété kwit avèk patat

a

. li

-

la

,

-

mâmâ m

rélé

Mâmâ

-

fini

la

ti -

li

, a, -l .” li li

la -

-

“ M

-

béf

la

fè ti -

-m

li, li

li,

prâ tété bèf jiskaské mâmâ ralé lèt désân épi prâ ralé bèt maré godé tiré bèf Lò tiré

and

the cow and tied before his door and called my mother said her Let Boli bring vessel me My mother milk the cow for you

's

li

li

-m

li

ba

épi papa

Sometimes

to to

, bâ -m

rélé

mâmâ tiré bèf Mâmâ alé pòt lavé you chodiè avèk you godé

hole

the dirt

pulled

,

li, , li li

maré

ralé

dug

.

to

by

digging

to

gê

-

-l : -l -m ou “ .”

vach

dévâ pòt Boli pòt véso

ba di

-

vach

té

papa

- la - m , , la ; li

Pafwa

took seeds

plant He first

and began

mother and tramping

rain had

he .

went his animals fallen during the night began

he

)

see

to

he

]

(

.

us

coffee When my father drinking finished ſhis coffee left serve

said

mother

HAITIAN CREOLE

.

lit

]

At

sweet gave the morning and

she

[

.

,

Sometimes and ground corn

in

of

milk

potatoes

milk

she gave each

and

. us ]

the ground plate us

viân

.

,

,

,

diri pwa

yam

the milk had boiled with the sweet potatoes , she put the milk down [ on

ak - pwa . Lé -dimâch li kôn kwit bânân ,

came and got the milk , [and ] she put it to boil with sweet -potatoes . When

], of [

. A -midi, mâmâ kôn ba nou , mâjé pafwa viân ak bânân , pafwa timai moulê kwit âsâm ak -pwa , piti mil lé -matê

a

HALL ]

us

my mother would give little food sometimes meat and ba nanas sometimes ground corn cooked

,

,

a

,

noon

with beans little millet and On Sundays she would cook bananas yams rice beans meat

,

-

, ,

,

together

.

lit

,

.

[

, .

's

it

.

ate the

in

mat

the

children

the chair was

mother went into said

lit .

and

[

got

.

father

up

to

a

or

a

on

my

.

join

a

.

, .

)

]

[I

sheaves

at

coffee

harvest

the gather go

corn

.

gather

coffee in

tie

beans

the

, ,

,

sweep the house

time

to

to

,

the

a

to

lò

,

,

,

banân

out

carry water little calabash for me jar put bring and into for me sprinkle water house would of

té -

-

dlo

was food

short prayer before eating My mother got me Occupations

,

-m

broté

sâblé kafé pwa maré mai

mâjé bouyi

ti -

fè

.yo

,

al ,

-

ti -

moun

,

ja

sâblé

-

kafé

makòn

pou

m

-m

bâ

.]

ti -

nâ

. ,

dlo

Balé kay

pou

came

Father ate

a

fè

Mâmâ mwê

kalbas

mèt

pou

â

,

li

-m

. . [O

4

ccupations

rozé kay

rékòt

priè avâ

chair

My

tell

food

the children on

room

;

at

table

the house My father made

chaché you pòté

.

to

him

a

it

like

kout

she covered

she took out her own food the living

she

,

,

the table

she had

go

,

food

and then she sent child my father she was putting the My father the table for and sat down Meanwhile she dishing out the other children When she had finished dishing

would eat

lévé

plates

the

the kitchen else courtyard sometimes

Papa mâjé

,

)

(

all

's

put

on

it

]

sent

in in

.

)

(

first served father

,

m

Mâmâ

-

.

-

a

tab

-m

-

,

sé

chèz chèz kou lakay jwên papa

yo

la sou

al -

-

-

-

kwizin bić sou nat pafwa moun kôn mâjé

nâ

,

ti -

-

ou

moun

collected

.

ti -

,

li

la

-

nâ

salô

.

,

lòt

.

-m

-

fè fè

-

Papa mâjé ti -

,

kou

chita

pataj mâjé moun pataj rétiré mâjé

nâ

.

Lò

li l -

tâ

fin ap

-

pa yo l- .

mâjé

vini

Papa

my

the food was prepared

When

mother

on

li li

li li,

,

pou

tab

Pâdâ

-m

al

ti -

,

li . di li

,

li

-m

paré mâmâ réini tout voyé rétiré dabò mâjé papa voyé épi mèt sou tab kouvri mâjé papa moun mété sou

and

beans bananas and beans only

, .

Mâjé

asièt

little millet

evening

the

-

bânân

In

,

pwa

-

,

-

A

ak -

ak

piti mil

swè

pwa sèlmâ

,

,

.

beans

and

ANTAROPOLOGICAL

, ,

,

or

]

to

I

.

do a

.

,

of

I

him

him

.

I

,

or

.

to

I

. do

't

,

[

,

be

up

lit .

.

I

if

,

,

me

,

!.

”

,

.

at to

come

my

help

and

to he

up

to

to

,

come

night

,

,

;

to

house

During

have stomach

get the midwife

took

care

,

)

,

.

in

mother childbirth She gave birth she bore my first little sister Ancen was happy and played with

little sister

the

you

I

.

]

.

call her Julienne carry her My trusted

.

my godmother

.

,

Then

of

to

]

at

[

lit .

]

[

to

was not father took me away from the house put me pass went and sent make fifteen days the house ]

,

to

,

it

)

-m

our

li

,

went

vin

dé fè sè m

,

dé ,

li, li

ti -

dé

di :

she

didn

she hurried

Hurry

the fever she came pains my father got

called

-

l

fè m

dandled When

mother had the fever

[ lit

-

li, -m m

,

sè

ti -

Lò -

li .

-

li

,

,

la

-

. -m

m

-

fè -m

li

,

me

me

quick

ite . . I I

,

gê

M

.

li

-m

,

-

li

,

fè .” l-

maché

dé

think

her

vini pou môtré prâ dé mê

she

me

little rascal The first thing that was done you

.

al

,

ou

M ti - sè

fè li . li,

jwé avè maché

"

té -

jwé avèk okipé rélé Jilièn kôfié poté Papa rétiré lakay mété kêz jou kay marên mwê Épi kez jou apré papa vini chèché désân avè mwê Apré mâmâ gadé pòté lévé kité kêbé kôtâ

thing

to

said

mother

caressed

quickly

[ lit he

ou

fèt ,

l-

fam

-m . .

,

chaché

- li . l- -pa M ti . al - sè té ,

li ,

Li akouché

trâché

vini akouché mâmâ prémié Âsnit fè

-

,

saj vini lakay

vini

li

té -

ki

sa

Pâdâ lafièv

lévé lânwit

m

papa

.

gê

la

fièv

, .

me

begin

cover seeds

My

: hit a “

told

was

did

me to

kissed

,

me

make Prémié

]

a

Mother

twelve years

do

to

,

, ,

vit -m

fè

ti - li

m

fè

di -

li

,

”

!.

my father

help

My

she sôjé mâmâ

's

of

to

[ (

I

,

to fè

-

m

, -l -m

kalé

Présé

“

li

m

, si -

di -m pa : -fè

.

-m , ,

dodiné mwê you

wood for

the same work

doing

The first work

édé

.

.

-m

.

-m

présé

fè

-

.

la

-

-m

Mâmâ bo karésé mwê Lò bagay vit 5

Mâmâ

dézòd

kômâsé

helped

burn

Towards eleven

mêm

continued

Prémié travay papa kouvri plâ

to

]

.

of

(

a

,

fè

.

,

kôtinié

m

â

ôz

douz

ten

father gave help him

went with little bundle

carry

my mother Vè

nine

my

began

began me little hoe plant help him little hoeing Sometimes when he went into the garden

travay

time

the

age

]

m

Towards years

to

-l

-

,

ti - nâ -

-l

lè

m m

-l

-l

M

-

-

li,

.

.

-

ti - ti -

kômâsé édé plâté édé pral jadê mwê séklé Pafwa pòté pakèt bwa alé avè édé pou mâmâ brilé rou

bath

give the horses

,

bâ -

, -m

kômâsé papa

,

nèf dis

à

Vè

ing them

to

cutting grass

of (

,

-b

Towards eight years (of age ) , I be my father ani gan take care giving mals water the animals changing them other pastures to

,

yo

-

a

yè

food , boil bananas for the

make a little children .

[

bêgnê

-

.yo ,

ta

dlo

Vè wit â , m -kômâsé pa -okipé bèt papa -m yo , bay châjé bèt ay pou lòt savan zèb chwal

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

,

AMERICAN

80

fifteen

days

HAITIAN

HALL )

81

CREOLE

he went down with mother got up , she

my

me [and ]

to get

me. After my

let

later , my father came

me watch

over it

.

dé .

, ,

to

”

,

sè

) of

,

to

.

to

,

I

, do , ]

in

do ,

, lit .

by [

,

do

“

.

.”

,

for

,

to

of to

's

“

all

)

.

child

make

food

,

“

I I

,

to

go

said

what

's

the matter with what that child has Keep little slap said

[

or

bananas milk When she left the took

would lit

spoon

I

,

little broth

a

.

before

for them

I

with

a

up

it

a

or

;

it

left would malanga tea

bananas and

prepare

would leave

.

to

)

mother

be

My

lit .

."

"

.

I

,

"

].

lit .

quiet

,

and

play

:

know

I

don

,

made

mash

all

,

:

!.

[ lit

want me

gesture

]

didn

the time crying that

were

[

they

children

I -

.

[ lit

he

.

I

the

't

when

little

made

games behind the house

or she

yo ou

,

,

li

la

-

bânân avèk you kiyè

kiyè mwê mété jiskaské vât plê

ti -

you

bouch pitit

. ti -

-l

mwê krazé

ak

,

l-

kité

ou

fè

Lò

té . sé -

ou

,

-m

-â

nâ -

Mwé

prâ

-l

malâga bouyô

:

,

]

's

to

her legs played

a

trâkil

When

There mam They ran and

”

,

to

or [

custom

when

[

Rété

mâjé kité pou kôn bânân lèt

kôn

of

the children Mar their mother went town they garden the when looked and when they saw her they The

bial

that child gave him

Mâmâ âvâ pati

in

I

't

'll

,

cry

her two

Do Your mother

town gone bring you she bread lest the wild cat get you

a

al ,

vlé m

"

Mwê Mwê

ba , -l

.”

di :

yo

-

pa

ti -

ap

sa -a

Mwê

little sister

,

town

't

pitit

gêgnê "

.

.” . ti -

pitit

mwê

di :

tap

kôn

jès ,

fè

sa

you

,

.

,

I

wait

ran and they said ma there mamma

krié

take

your mother has gone

jwèt dèriè kay sitou

you

,

of

grasped her her little hands said

to

-

yo fè

, ti - Lò

-pa

lò

moun jwé mwê

turned

his work let me watch over the baby When the baby cried took

care

clung

mwê

my father

When

, , [ ]

, di : ,

yo

, Yo

.”

kouri

li .

jâm

yo

sa

fè

yo

,

,

-1

tout kouri

mâmâ

,

“ y

al

maré nâ

yo

-j

,

nâ

wè

Mê mâmâ mê

mâmâ gadé

lò

moun Mabial adê

ti ou

yo

fè al sa

yo yo

lavil

dé

,

"

:

,

.

dren

don Koutim

dé ,

to

went town she the care hands my father myself and the other chil

,

ap

-

do

-

ou do ,

-pa -

pê

,

-

ou ".

prâ ou ,

li,

,

do , m

“

ou

-

l-

a

,

ou

, -l la .

l-

-m

m

-

di : -

m

,

sè .

,

ti -

, -

do nâ

ti - -

la

li

,

, li

ti -

moun Lò papa viré okipé travay véyé pitit kité prâ Lò pitit krié kêbé dé mê mwê Do tâdé Mâmâ mâmâ alé pòté pou lavil alé lavil piga krié pou chat marê

mymother

When

left the child

do ,

la

-

,

-

m

li

, al

lavil kité pitit mwê mêm avèk lòt

.yo - -m

Lò nâ

mâmâ

mê papa

,

of

,

,

]

[

little sister take hold her carry her play with her When showing her how came walk she had me take her two little hands she had me say Dé

the baby

's

in

was full

was full

[

, , I

the ground

on

sit

her stomach

sa ”

:

,

I

“

I

. I

would Apali play with her said The baby would laugh As was giving her food was thievish and was eating ]

her

.

until her stomach

When

lit .

it

I

]

[

put

set

mouth

and

I

,

.

yo .

spoon

put

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

to

.

sa ”

, . sè

ti -

ti -

ti -

mâjé mâjé

moun

tou

la

-m

âjé

frè ak dâ

ap

m

li, m

-

visié

-

ri .

-

ap - ap fè la

m

-

m

Gê

di -ap :“ ba -l

mwê mété -l chita a -tè, Apali jwé avèk mwê mâjé mézi

Pitit

plê ,

li

vât

ki , A-

Lò

ANTHROPOLOGICAL tle

AMERICAN

'

'

.

thereof also There are children who eat their little brothers and sisters of

all

.

in

said

My mother

,

]

[

and

), a

]

mat

and then

my

he put me ,

.

]

in

'

o

at

up

.

I

. .

.

town he

to

go a

to

for

,

for

her

donkey

,

,

,

,

go

he

,

on

.

)

a

-

where

(

our land goes out potato garden into our sweet He had boy who was called left me with Christian but the boy was very bad left

.

, li

â

-

jadê

-

nâ

-â

alé

father saddled

set her road and then he returned came home took his spade and

,

ti -

gê

,

gasô

[ it ] .

in

,

[

'

o

tea

gasô

clock

my father took mymother

to

té - ti - nâ -

ou

mê gasôâ visié jadê maniok dous

my

my mother

Then

her

three

They made coffee which

drank

Then

he he

,

-

-a

ak -y

tè m

-

té -

kité

té -

, m

-m

li -l .

,

vin

-m

,

Li al li

.

koté

ti -

amè

papa

rout épi prâ makout jadê sòti nâ

-m , lli al

-m

li

li, li

ki

. -té

avèk

Épi

lavil mété lakay

rélé Krisiâ

âpil Papa

pou

bourik

sélé

pou

patat nou

on

put her the kettles

dishes

of

.

.

father got

they

rétouné pati

first

come

at to in

[

to

had

They started front his horse they arrived come down here eight clock the evening They made and we drank with slept My mother and cassava Then

papa

mâmâ

didn

,

on

]

and

father took me

she

forced her

[

to

where

[

her

the morning

kôdwi mâmâ

my

't

.go ”

's

,

“

.

to

enameled

he

tresses

took

my Épi

to he

a

,

On

.

My father

lived

, ,

,

accustomed

lévé

. m

-

è

my

loaded

bwè

My

mother was crying be mother had already gotten

donkey

fè

,

té

fè

Yo

. du

m

-

Let

My

rivé bwé

Yo

matê

cause

he

the last trip

.

,

,

yo

-m

li

,

kô

- . -

nou

dòmi Mâmâ

twaz

a

-m

yo

-

kafé

to

: té - -l

-

m

-

-m

tâ

gê

.

.

,

, li,

Yo di -

li .

,

-

ak ak

papa

built

mother

mâsé désân

swa

my they

father moved his things down here the Post into little house had

-m

m

-

-a

té -

li

m

è

.

-

Épi

chwal isit wit kasav

father and my mother when lived the Kay Jacqueline hill

want

mété sou you bourik chajé chodiè matla asièt émayé épi papa prâ mwê mété dévâ

li, li

prâ

vlé Mâmâ abitié Papa fòsé té -

-m

.”

krié paské mâmâ prémié rété koté

li

li nâ -

,

-pa

-

la

-

.

" A

di ti -

-m

nâ

yo

.

Papa

Mâmâ

alé

-ap -

té -

-

lò

m

rété sou mòn broté tout zafè kay désâ isit Pòs vwayaj bati Dènié mâmâ

Kay Jaklin

The moving

evening

.

m

papa

-

. yo

.

ak - 6

mâmâ

Délòjmâ

swaré

An .

food You

HAITIAN CREOLE té -mâniok

dous

.

he

,

of to

in

, he of

(

)

(

he

,

,

a

I

.

he ])

(

,

a

I

to off

he

he

had

conscious when my father arrived ran

he

,

lose

,

,

was weak

I

.

,

to

it

I

came

eat

finished

manioc

he

Then

saw

had

to of

ness he

as if

to

as

me

, , I

given

as

,

.

,

he

or

.

him

.

Just soon the little piece

took

.

up

again

looked

he

,

the house

,

he

,

he

ran

he he he to

-

he

;

,

,

got idea ran went the manioc garden when arrived saw the manioc dug toes

look

on

it

it,

-

he

an

at he

While

boil sweet potatoes for me was boiling the sweet pota

he to

the fire

,

he

.

I

,

a

he

on

,

he

thought me was hungry He laid me down the bed and then ran put took kettle washed

it

he

he

was going

to

saw

I

he

it,

.

made me drink drinking left

When finished me lying but

,

,

he

it

he

me

,

to

gave

I it

,

.

ill ,

found me knew that was manioc the boy had given me He took syrup brewed with tea

die he continued making little medi had

,

and then

I

saw

I

he

he

says cines and then vomiting below and above

.

I

prayed God

and

,

he

knelt

,

he

covered

,

it

's

,

that what saved me was purged When was over when was re

,

s

dé -

squatted cooked the manioc down beside too Then was cook ing the manioc would break give little pieces me for him try and see whether that manioc was sweet manioc was bitter mani

,

-

fè -m

li

Li

,

ba

li a ké - - -m di m . â li , pa li - , Lò ro ,

li, li -

glwa

that time

to

,

li , , ,

-

la

la

-

- , , sé

l-

bâ

kônê ké prâ siro

sové jénou mété

li

sa

réfè

ki

-

â

rân

sé , -

,

-

vini

,

Dié

He went

oc

,

la

-

bâ

-

té

. li .

-m

,

li -

al

li l-

la

, -

li ,

gadé âkò

.

bâ li

m

-

m

fin

wè

what

know

-

bâ

-

-

-

sé

,

,

-l

lò

té ,

ti -g

LÒ

.

mouri

patat gadé jadê

mwê

didn 't

he

and bitter manioc was .

sweet manioc

patating

wé mâniok

ap

, gê

lò m

,

li l-

prié

chodiè

kité mwê pral mouri rémèd épi wè you vomismâ kòm bwè

mè

épi mwê dêbôdé

fini

bouyi

mwê

fè li ti -

.

mwê

bouyi

êdispozé

asôâ

li

kouché kôtinié

pou

-ap

l-

li

, , .

-

li

,

li

mwê

mâniok brasé avèk

bwè

Fini

kouché

prâ

rivé kouri lakay

la

f- Ô -

li

-l

,

lavé mété difé pou mwê Pâdâ lidé kouri

jwen

m

,

li li

mété

kouri

nâ -

-

li

.

épi

sou kabân

maniok fouyé

la

ti -

-

-

sé

si

ti li

Li

grâgou

, [but]

garden

grated manioc some manioc took manioc went the kitchen he squatted front the fire

mâniok amè moso mâniok

li

kouri mwè

father had a garden of sweet and bitter manioc ; the boy went into the

boukânê mwê mà

kroupi

mwê vin pèdi konésâs Épi rivé wè kâgou prâ mwê grâgou kwè sa

papa

fè

, -m -a

,

-

m

niok dous fine mâjé

mwê

sé

-

si

ou

l--

pou

,

-

la

kasé moso éséyé wè mâniok

My

and took me with him was quite small seven years old clump He went into

-

-

-

-

a

l- .

-

-l

koté maniok

lakwizin boukânê

Mwê mâm Épi mézi

tou la .

mâniok

li

difé

ap

l-

dévâ

a , -l m li -ap -a

akroupi

sé

,

li prâ you mâniok

vin

ak -mâniok amè. L -alé , li mênê -m avè - li . Lò- a m -té - tou -piti ( sèt â ) . L -alé nâ -touf mâniok , li graté mâniok ,

,

ki-l- ès ki

pa - t -kônê

83

At

HALL )

94

AMERICAN

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

my not having died . my mother arrived from told my father she wasn

he

he 't

,

in

;

to

to

he

]

m

I'

"

:

to

said

”

,

his

the

to

have

to

,

)

poor

.

to be

and

(

formed

streets there used

there used Those who were poor used rich

a

.

,

line

I

a

)

lit .

to

[

in

.

In

.

be

on

's

I

.

I

pebbles

fifteen

have

in

to

.

I ,

[

,

.

of

,

, ]

The rich had big four story houses shops autos trucks horses various kinds But what used take for the inhabitants pile the town was little pebbles family There used each little houses

of

yo

kôn gêgnê Nâ ay kôn

take

The little town used

four streets

,

you dé

.

-

gê la

yo

nâ

sa

mwê

used

them

town

to

, ,

kamió

put

He Was

Games When

Joram Child

a

yo la

, ki

gro

yo

,

nâ

-

-

Ti -

,

.

-

kay vil

nâ

-

gro

pòv

vil piti Kôn

roch

chak

yo

yo

.

ti -

,

prâ kôn you pil

Mê

kalité pou abitâ

ti -

fa sé

- té té -

,

diférâ

oto

,

kay

mézô kat étaj boutik

miy

Sa

-

Rich

kòn gêgnê pòv

gêgnê

chwal

.

ti -

. -ri -a vil .

ri .

,

gêgnê rich kòn

.

ti -

roch

gê

,

té -

kôn

té

l-

I

té -

sou lign

Mwê

moun

Mwê mété mwê fòmé you vil kat Nâ kòn

kônê prâ kêz

yo

lò

wèt Joram

.

7

.

child

him

mother take this young man almost made me lose my

going

again

took

to

mother

not

took him

and

[

him

any more his mother then put him front his

my father

the boy

him

,

)

(

to

keep

take

should

; ,

li

she

going

he

-l

pèdi

town

,

,

li,

-l : fè -m

“

Mwê

mâké

When

of

,

li

-â

ti -

li, li

, di

, li,

mâmâ

.”

-

p

kêbé msié âkò pitit mwê -

âkò épi

mâmâ mété dévâ kôdwi

ap

-l

bay mâmâ

-ap

p

-

alé

prâ

-m

papa

jwên

li

ap

mênê

-

l-

-

li

m

papa

rivé sòt lavil gadé gasô

di

vin

gave thanks for

Mâmâ- m

.

.

in

In

:

a

.

a

,

,

In

. . I It

old

I

]

went

to

,

a

and

boy and

I

]

was

used

[

,

of or

a

I

to

six

[

graté

cardboard

would cut out two children girl and dressed them

. I

mwê

Another Little Game years

when was five piece take a

pitit

Is .

lò

Here

-

té

mwê

,

-

kay papa

m

Mwê abiyé

kôn prâ

,

. ,

fi

-

é

pano

-

nâ

you

Sé -

té -

Mwê

yo dé ,

â

.

ti . -

jwèt âkò

sèt

ou

lòt

of

.

a

It ,

.

a

,

,

ants captains sergeants Then there was palace the palace there was president ministers deputies mag pile istrates was surrounded by guards

moso katô mwê tayé

you gasô alé

you

sêk

ti -

you

gê

.

8

m

té -

Mê

of

,

In

;

.

. .

gad

the town first you found pile barracks the barracks was yellow pebbles pebbles The yellow were the guards There were lieuten children

a

,

âtouré

,

,

to

be

.

in

-g

sé

.

gê

prézidâ

Li

a

be

to

;

yo sé -y

-

.

majistra

a

,

to

,

,

-k

nâ la

-

-

,

nâ

la

-

-

,

pil

,

avèk you

-a

.

dépité

minis

: .

-

-

Nâ pale

palè

.

gêgne

Ti - , yo , .

-

a

yo ti . -

é ou -

gê

otorité nèf moun Msié Madam pitit moun prémièmâ Nâ vil house they used have two big au ou pilthorities jwen kazèn kazèn the town the houses ad eight roch jòn roch jòn there would nine people Gêgnê liétnâ kapitên sèjà Aswit the master the mistress and their

wit

father s

of

'

; I

house

wattle daub for for ornaments

in

took

, as '

house

my piece

I

their

of

, . off a

scraped

of

the house little pieces skin cupboards and chairs tables beds

to

]

[

,

of

as

as

radios They had dishes little pieces fragments money glass and of

m

-

the wall

,

. , . té vè

,

,

-

é

ti -

nâ

lò

kôn prâ

moso ékla moso kat kôtribusiô mâmâ sòti maché -m

kòm

pou vésèl

ti -

lajâ

-

té -

Yo

gê

-m

,

,

pou -ònémâ nâ -kay - la ti-moso po kòm tab kabân gad âjé chèz radio

85

,

yo . Mwê prâ

pou -kay

ti-masố

you

CREOLE

.

HAITIAN

HALL

take the

A

.

He

's

an

,

over his table

arm

's

passed

.

cut

far

as

go

as

,

who was

to

so

ting leather Saltrou

as

]

,

a

his

)

leaning

(

priest

it

a

go

to

his a

by

.

,

trip along and make the coast At that time was the most beautiful thing for me when

I

:

a

man passed with cock under arm When the man left for his cock pit remained less firm and said

I .

yo fè

One

oungan

my father house with cock under He was chatting with my father who was vaudou

[

fè

di : -

sa ?

Child

,

pa

al

- -

[ lit .

to

go

?

fellow

My

said

, us :

he

shuddered

, . ”

, he

,

My

.

do

,

]?

regular

a

re

not

father stopped

étènèl

a “

re

,

the

'

all ,

“

';

low

you

'

yo le

, yo

.

,

-a

di : li

,

,

nâ

yo

répâtâs

.” -

-j

dézòd

wa

Was

morning

la

.' rélé

la

sila

nâ -

le

nâ pa ap - - -

Tout moun libèté

When

their arms and they the cock pit You never that Why not Why that Daddy why not But

'

d

toi

Mê

Father

Wednesday

His

Towards

regular fel Father but you not regular fellows every Wednesday take their sticks and their cocks they put them under

pou

rété frémi évâjil nou porte entrer dans large chemin donne

viv

-

k

bra

jam

Boldness

nâ -

, -m m ,

Papa

Papa

gasố

makak

li -ki

-

-

pa ba -t

yo

ou à

,

mêm

éternel

Dié

-ap

t-

nâ

,

,

-

yo

-

bou mété

Joram

-

, -l

-m

-

Lò

pati pou tout

gasô

prâ

Ou

?

-

.” ki sa

.

-

: -pa “ ,

car

râtré

p

pa

ou

,

:

to “

me

child

;

,

in

in

.

‘

to

our Gospel tells Try gate enter into the narrow highroad gives for the broad eternal sorrow All those people are people who are living license disorder

Mwê

kôn prâ

to

jwèt

. I

.”

,

the good Lord does not call them they will not enter into repentance bliss eternal Another little game used take

to if

lòt

.

.

10

You

ti -

yo

sa di -m ou .

'

- si sé -apbô

nòm

Pitit mwê

Efforces

moun

ki

li,

alé

.

lò

-

-l nâ

gadiè

étroite chagrin

you

mwê rézoli mwê

mèkrédi avèk kòk

gasô

bèl bagay

pasé avèk

nòm

chak

Pou

Saltrou

rété

-l

ba

-

-

â

mwê mê

Papa

sila

you

bra

avèk you

-pi

Lò

sé -

ati

gadiè “

-

L

â

po pa -m

sou

you lakòt pou mwê

alé

papa

apé kozé avèk koupé tab

bra

pou

kòk

mèkrédi matê

kay

ap

l-

kòk

You

-

pasé

you

avèk

jis té -

moun

oûgâ

Papa

Joram

ti ki ba li . té . té -p la - li.

té

- 9.

Radiès

kâ

.

I

of

little pieces tax cards used when my mother came from market

I

.

sticks

.

underneath

for

its

for

.

four little

Then

its

-

as

ba

â

mâmèl

.

-

é

-

pli piti pou

kat

to its

la

-

-

.

pou pié

[i. e. make ? ] a cow 's horns with a put four little sticks un grapefruit der form feet Two little sticks point the serve horns to

pié

nâ

pou sèvi Dé bwa bòk Âswit kat piti bwa

li

kòn

ti -

li

.yo

kat ti-moso bwa â -ba -l

it

. Mwê mété pou - fòmé

bèf ak you -chadèk

kòn

( MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

on

AMERICAN

86

feet and four smaller ones

a

on

's

as

all

of

, I I all

on

a

in

a

I

.

,

I

;

it

in

I

used

it I .

When

to

; I I

it .

as

dishes

I it .

in

I

)

a

it,

in

I

]

[

,

to

it, (

tops

I

,

]

.

ha

me

prised

I

little syrup into my hand immediately my father sur Ah

Then

went and syrup

a

emptied

of I

.

,

her table

.

of

a

on

.

.

[

,

it

,

I

all

syrup had bottle which was well stoppered unstoppered the bottle

“

ve

I'

!

I

acting like mother

,

belt

and

]

piece

(

My of

me with

re

' .” ,

:

a

Since you you

beat

.”

grabbed

,

.”

to

a

is

me

“

.

,

ll him

that

,

said

:

to

,

said me thief When your mother comes tell her When my mother My dear this came said her young man thief just now caught being thief My mother

caught you

a

.

to

it

ti di : .

padô

bottle

he I'

:

ap

-

-

ou

,

mâdé

little

was

piece

the food was cooked took the fire dished out and gave the children Little Theft One day my mother

, ,

,

di -m

-m m

mwê

,

sa

ya

kalé avèk you you bèl kal

covered

When

to

,

.”

-

,

mwê

took

I

cola

I'

ou

ap

-di l

lè di - -l: m -ki “ lè

ou

li

,

a

kô -

-m m

bâ

-

mâmâ

chè

.

I

of

serve

,

ti -

-

, , a , a . .”

li

mwê

,

-m

Ma

kêbé

-m

t--

bou sêturô Pâdâ bat

l-

fè

ap

, -ap , -m

Mâmâ

Mâmâ

prâ

Mâmâ

-

-

ou fè -

-l

“

Pwiské

Mwê vini

a

-m

,

visié visié

prâ

sipri

m

.

“ A

m

you

ap sé -

-

.

msié

.

ki

-m

-

a

visié Lò mâmâ mâmâ vini

Lò

ou ”

siro

-

m

di -

, li

: .

-

nâ

siro

mwê

“

li

.

Mwê vidé you mê mwê Épi osito papa

boutèy

When

Food

little stick and brewed

had brewed

A

vis

.

bić

the

coconut skin and urinated when had urinated took put little earth the urine took

ll

.

,

ti -

.

gê 13

té - té -

You jou mâmâ boutèy siro sou tab bouché Mwê alé débouché

You you

the

habit rider mounts

is

a

when

,

-a

,

li

.

-

-

fè

-

té

.

yo

made

house

horse

Make Earth making earth food

a

-

li .

Mwê

sèvi pou asièt bouchô kola mâjé kwit mwê désân sou difé pataj bay mwê mwê tou pitit moun kôn

horseback

off

po

-ap fè

-

m

tè m

.

toufé

-l

,

,

-

mwê

-l

mèt

bwa brasé

ti -

,

brasé

fini

, Lò

prâ you

moso

, ti -

dâ

-

la

sé

Lò

pé lò

dâ

,

fin a

you

mwê prâ you

m

-

la

-

m

Lò

-

-

pisé

pi

,

tè

,

nâ

pisé

tè

.

12

fè

mâjé

prâ

to

I

.

to

,

's

father

making

Mwê kôn mâjé mwê kokoyé mwê

a

I

.

of

my

gestures

he

you

“

mwê

lò

fè

mwê

.

-

a

fè

Apre

Horseback Game used take put little pole little cord the head the pole serve the horse bridle After that bestrode the horse ran around the courtyard

, I .

, la, la .

jès

, -m

sa

-

la

- .

kòd gòl pou sèvi brid chwal mwê pasé pié sou chwal kouri tout lakou kay papa

of

you

you chwal kôn tout kavalié môté chwal

tèt

nâ -

té ti -

kôn prâ you

M

-

Mwê mété

gòl

ti - ti -

chwal

a

Jwèt

.

11 .

.

teats

HAITIAN

HALL )

-p -ap -fè sa âkò . Padô mâmâ , m - p ap - fè sa âkò .” Mâmâ- m lagé -m , mwê kouri , m -al krié avèk you ògèy dèyè kay - la . M

CREOLE

me a terrific blow . While she was beating me, I said , “ Mother , mother , I beg your pardon . I won 't do that any more . Excuse me , mother , I she gave

that any more .” My mother cry me and ran went

'

to

,

I

]

(

.

.

,

I

a

I

In

.

at

all

.

in

to

on he he

.

he

I

),

.

to

[

,

he

.

to

he

as a

, “

:

, ,

by

-

not

,

I . ;

,

:

“ B

be

the

the rest my father said know

Ah

Then

said ba

,

lesson

me

, : , a, “ of [

,

didn

stopped

I

I

began

and then

cause

. ]

!”

I ca, :“ I ”

Begin

he to

do

because to

he

to

,

I

.”

(

,

,

,

to

me a

book

was going

came with the book

When

c

my

get

)

re

'

),

that good little come and take your les stupid son went crying all the

[

, ,

la

-

sa ."

m

you

pulled me Unintelligent

boy

!” Lò

.

”

,

Ânou

saying

't

ou nâ

,

la

A

tapé

ears

knew what

Épi

rès

Li komâsé

-

,

lésô

from

stupid

while

-

-

M

ak

kôn

, m

-

.”

krétê

wè lizé

Bé

boy

games

beat me

father

my

épi

Kômâsé

di m : - :“ “ -pa

rété

mwê

pral

liv -

.”

M

kômâsé

m

- - -

m

vini

lésô

kriâ prâ

krétê alé tout paské mwê kônê

papa

prâ

vin

?

.

in

't

he

,

me

My

my

When playing put me standing punishment

I

.

ti -

, , Sâ a , li ki â - ou a sa - , -pa ba di , ; -m li rès ap li sé , , :“ -m di a -m , . -â fè “ -m -m liv . ka ,

:

bô

-pa

“

-m

bat mwê ralé êtélijâs krétê mwê sila

I

,

of

away went prevented me one foot

gasô

.

to

gê lò

.

,

-m

li

-m

of

di -

ap

-

-j

-

nâ

al

m

,

li

my books games than permit play He didn me spite that was always watching when went away When went for

-

nâ

-

té -

sa

-m l

.

li

my

grabbed

Papa

In

- té té -

.

m

m

-

nâ

-tpa -

-

té -

li

baré kêbé mété kâpé sou you pié kòm pinisió

zòrèy

used

That makes me re was seven years old

often

interested

jwèt pasé pemèt mwê mwê jwé tou Malgré toujou véyé mwê pati pati Kou wèt mwê

Lò

me

beat

My father

Games

member when beating father gave me almost Why per day Because was more

Paské mwê

sa ?

ki bâ - fè -

prèské you kal

Interested

liv

êtérésé

kôn

lò -m m

Sa nâ -

in

anger behind the house

.

pli

Li

Pou

.

chak

Papa sôjé

-

.jou -

â

papa

té

.

souvâ

m

14

, -m .

Etérésé

tapé sèt

jwèt

go

let

won t do

tell me the rest imbecile He began hit me Let see read me that

."

,

's

.

I

)

I

The

was when

(

I

Remember

gave mother old

My mother was five years pregnant she had put pot the fire and she went the house When she got the house felt indisposition and she wasn able

on

tea

she

an

't

to

]

,

to

.

to

a

of

.

was

,

alé prâ

first help

[

li

âkò

,

lakwizin pitit mwê

nâ

êdispozisiô

,

.

li

-

té

mété you lakay Lò

The First Help

;

Prémiè

gêgnê sêk

,

.

- té -

li

lò

,

l-

,

,

“

al

té -

li nâ -

toune

:

di -m

sâti you

Joram

sôjé

, -

-pa li

kapab

âsêt

difé

,

té

-

.

â

m

Mâmâ mamit rivé lakay

sèvis

mâmâ

rân

m m

Prémiè

-

sèvis

m

.

15

.”

.

“

to

'll

,

you

,

.

to

of

to

to

.

to to

I

.

all

]

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-u

,

it

tie

,

,

, ,

you

)

]

's

rain

it

,

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I

.

stone

,

a

it

it .

, [

broom

to

)

do

(y

a

, I

I

took

And

prevent the my mother plant tied then

, . I [ , on C it , , . ] D .” to

came and passed over

School

.

Little

Fight

When

One morning

at

You

she

and

got

me

She

B

and

I

“ A

a

,

,

.

to

mother dressed me took me school When school the teacher kissed took chair she set me then she had me read

gasô

ti - .

I

To a

six

m

,

I'

.”

all

prevented

My

A

kâ -m lé -

lékol gêgnê you

-

rékréasiô

té

matiné

batay

ti -

.

17

You

run you

't

(

=

tied

.

. épi

”

).

D

,

C

, B ,

A

li Li

. -m

bo

la li

-m

sou

dé (

, -m

chita

sé

,

, li

bé

,

mété

“ a

li

-

,

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chèz

fè -m

,

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-m

m

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you

prâ

you

plant a

it

grown

rain

lékol

a

At

I

I

of

A

.

to at

child

field broom

put under rock and the ups won beat you because

you

[

a

beat

to a

take

and put beneath was preventing the mênê

Of

,

to

used

going

house

Mâmâ rivé lékol mèt

Get AC

Six Years

remember that the who stayed with my mother say when grown ps were

the same thing ou rain ran towards below

abiye

a

,

in

I

a

. .

Jo ”

to

I

came

children

you

.

,

,

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,

, at

:“ to

while

)

épi-

-

-1 -

m

vin

ap

,

Go

take me school rain was getting ready morning fall that said My friends myself not going Crying school today the

'

ba pié

kay mâmâ

took

get ac The first time went quainted with school was first years One October the age my morning mother got me ready Age

ve

m

-

ap

-

, -

ou â

pou maré

fè

sa

-

you

it

I

carried

for me little The First Time quainted With School

,

, -

-

â

di

,

-l

-

pa â

-a .

-a

you

balé

paské

you balé maré you roch Pâdâ ké épi lapli pasé

,

-

ba

-

â

-l

maré lapli

piébò

.

, m .

nâ -a

-

m

prâ

yo

mété bat

-1

ou

Epi mêm maré lapli Mwê kouri mété

pa -

-

â

ou ou

, , yo

-l

maré moun

bat

you

prâ

ba

ou lò

,

,

roch

grâ moun

kouri

grâ ou

,

savan

-m

-m

.

, .

.”

ki

di

ti -

-a

yo

kôn moun

ti -

Tout rété avèk mâmâ

tou

té -

moun

-

“ di -

-

-â

sôjé

:

jodi

mwe pral lékol plérâ mwê vin

.

in

the kitchen

her She said Oh thanks Good Lord you have done me favor have child help me today Go cup and get and

]

the

to

-

té -

sé -

m

-

pou tôbé Mwê Méz âmi mwê

matê mêm

fè

m

â

, .

-

a

.

â

sis

-

a

sis

pral Prémié fwa you prémié oktob konésâs lékol préparé You matê mâmâ pou mênê lékol You lapli préparé lékol

.

to

a

I

,

I

which there was

.

kônésâs

fè

.

16

Prémié fwa mwê pral

said

go and get

I up ,

tea

of

took

,

child

for me hurry went the kitchen little leaf from flower plant ran

[

prâ

-

-

â

quick

.”

té -a

gê

,

“ O

,

m

-

Jo ."

.

dédâ

me : “ Joram the pot

,

Li ou

Âtré

-a

,

pitit

-

m

mèsi Bô

mêm

, my

, 74

(MEMOIRS

the kitchen ; she

to

to

tea

ba

jodi

sèvi

you tas

gras

ti

,

Dié pou

bâ -m fè -m l

ou

mwê broté

.

li . nâ

koujin

again

go back

a

flè

ti- fèy nâ -you pié Mwê désân

you

gêgnê

lakwizin -nâ. Mwê

m - al

nâ -

prâ

kouri

di :

Mwê

mwê, présé , vit."

pou

,

, té

té -a

mamit

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

off

AMERICAN

ki

,

88

Was At

recess

there

HAITIAN CREOLE

at

.

,

of ]

I

,

[

an

him

.

to

I

,

, a

.

's

me

threw

the

to

and

blows with my hand We He the one who

of

:

me

lifted

six

us "

.

of

]

,

cried

the

in

the flat and we said

gave each

ruler

me lift

saw

throw

he

and

down

boxed our ears and made back When we got inside

go

he us

threw him

the schoolmaster

Then

Charestin

[

and

]

up

him

[

lifted

I

, I I

,

up

.

I

and threw me down When got that had attack anger got underneath Charestin

ground

"

-

I

,

li

li

di : .

-t

sis

,

tè .

.

a

li

behaved While we were was standing and Charestin

,

sa tè

,

fè

-

-

. -l

m

-m -m

ki té -

frapé

who was called who was very

a boy

came and grabbed me he lifted me

a

-a

.

,

,

nâ

-

â

Sé

“

fè

,

,

li

souflèt souflèt nou râtré Lò nou bay rivé dédâ nou chak kou pla mê féril Nou krié nou lévé

recess

-l

,

tè

m

wè -

-

-l

a

-

â

-

m

Charèstê

; he was

, ,

, Lò vin

.

tè

-

a

-m

-

mwê lévé mwê frapé Dirèktè frapé lévé Charèstê râtré

badly

,

ba

-

m

m

-m , ,

li

,

m

,

-

m

fè

sa

-

sézi

little boy

a

Charestin

kâpé, épi Charèstê frapé lévé gêgnê you kolè lévé

li

, mwê

rékréasiô

was

té - â -

did up

ti-gasô

té -rélé Charèstê , sé-té -you té - dézòd âpil. Pâdâ ké nou

ki

ki

on

HALL )

To

to he

]

,

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at

up

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in

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.

in

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o

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.

to

,

.

]

,

[

it

he

of

,

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to

to

,

it

,

serving the coffee and came clock the pupils went

be

;

us

it to

and he was day

became day had coffee when they had finished

o

,

è

. Lò

until

I

.

a

, I .

a

to

't

I

in

I

,

.

to

go

to

us

to

the fact that

great shock

average

good

they had done

.

study

got

,

was

up

day

I

.

One

I

and

,

were zero

ing ceaselessly

.

to

I

.

my marks

an

I

a

.

I

to

study While favor started studying good was never got average came make effort All

me

a

dé - kô -

m

sou

despite

I

-

ap

-

m

not

.

mwê

composition class had wasn able make

bòn

. , m -t -ap

efò

-a

-

served

Fernand

waited

Tout

.

té

-

m

lè

.

lafê

dézièm

and

school Fernand went with me and my father for school When we got the school went into the composition class While was the

mové sila

my father got the morning and

Uncle

house stayed

bÔ

-m

.

la

-

fè

fè -m

yo

-t -

. fè

gê

- -k -té

nâ

,

-â

m

.

prâ

nòt

vini

té -

-

,

la

m

al

pa

-

bèl

fè

pa

”

you

you

School

went

got me down town When the gate my father went into the

seven

favè

gêgnê

A

yo

sé

.

kapab

épi dépi apré

-

you

you zéro épi You jou lévé

-pa

Mwê

sa , “

-

kô di :

-

sâ

sès

vêt sis élèv -

sa jâm

M

.

nòt mwê étidié

mâsé trimès

,

la

-

M

- pa - -té - até vin té -

-a

moyèn

Pâdâ

etidié

m

étidié

m -n

m

-

. nâ -

-

m

kômâsé

-

M

moyèn malgré

kapab

town

clock

took

When

pou avék papa alé lékol ôpozisió nou rivé lékol kôpozisiô you Pâdâ grâ émosiô

school

Went

The first time

Town

two to

,

-p

li

vin sèt

akôpâgné

Fènâ

First Time

The

.

-m

nâ

li

rété sèvi nou

,

, , li

sèvi kafé

lékol

-m

,

li

,

Fènâ

jou

-a

pral

.

élèv

fin

lò

yo .

kafé

Tôtô

vini

l-

; li m

Lò

jou

alé

-

râtré kay

papa

mênê òtal

-

.

m

di -

matê rivé

LÒ

lékollavil

lékol lavil papa

fè

lavil

désân tân

m

déz

a

lévé

fwa

-t al

fwa

è

.

Prémié

Prémié

m

18

.”

ground

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

[and ] I said : “ I like that , " and

I

on

can then

at

In

to

.

to

.

.

,

m

.

I

I'

“

“

s

-

It '

's I

So

- ."

That

up

.

School

After

I I

."

I

here

left

.

,

town

he

's

,

work My father went down went Dr Nerva house

.

came

of to

I

hard

after one month to

big sickness

.

was

]

[it

to

.

I him

with

to

,

Left

came

.

you

Apré you mwa

I

,

at

or ]

,

, [

I

to

be

“

:

to

, .”

have he

fè

al

l-

,

.

pou mwê

of to

.

A

a

at

to

So

that

When ar my father put me weeding

,

rived

,

di .

m

-

.

ravay

When

school

,

.

-

-l

Avè maladi apré you Papa désân lavil séklé

,

of

at

I

used

families

a

-m -

rivé

-

.

nâ

kité

you gro

kay dòktè Nèva

kosiltasiô

Lò

m

.

-

-m

fè

dé -t vin

m

mété

ké

Apré

môté isit

-

l-

al

mwa

m

, 21 .

M

té -

-

papa

kité lékòl

mwê

was the peo

come love me Their always liked me Their par telling me Joram ents would keeping daughter for you would They

them and want And then they said right my boy

Lò

. at of

to

to

of

.

]

to a

I

's

.

system

young man

dances looking

a

.”

came not

the

became

to

m

tèl

yo .

-

-

m

Sé -y

,

sa "

That

ple who were dancing going girls talking visit their homes with telling them that them loved them

say

lékòl

a

to

.

I

,

of

,

,

that time

,

fi

-

yo

, m m - .

yo Sé - :

di

"

I

vizit

-

ti -

-

di

yo ,

When

at

te ap

m

Lò

. nâ

al

, “

-

M

yo di :

gasô

contain

the first

townspeople when country children stay come their houses Young Man When Became always

ké mwê

used food

[

at

me

gadé

kôn rivé rêmê avè oujou rêmê Parâ ké Joram kité you ou kòn

Épi

mwê vlé

bal

rân

té -t

m

.” ou .” di -

-

pou

jâ

jèn

- té - té -

m

Lò

,

jâ

Yo

ap

kòn

dâsé

kozé avèk

rêmê Fâmiy fi

yo yo k , - m yo . ap -

.

20 jèn

moun lakay

vin

care

weeks they took good care me but after two months they had come make me suffer and my father was obliged pay money restaurant for

vin

At

I

of

It

's I I

provision

various kinds

suffer any more

toujou

.

six

I

at the

was well taken

a

, yo ,

-

me Each

s

Sé nâ - .

.

ti -

lakâ

.yo

lò

sistèm

when

,

-m

-

-pa

m

té -

rèstorâ pou mwê sila vin soufri âkò dotié moun lavil moun pagn désân lakay

lò

bay lajâ

Sé -

nâ -

,

fè -m

vin

-

m

té dé -o

, -

â

.

té - té -

yo yo

té -

proviziô kòn gêgnê plizie mâjé prémié kalité Nâ sémên bić okipé mê apré mwa blijé soufri papa Chak

marks. At the

I had

When had just gone live Magloire house my father sent provisions for every week load

.

.

-

pou mwê

.

proviziô

-

abité oyé chak

that time

from

was the house man Magloire called The house beginning had just gone live

.

.

they

fèk

lò

fèk -té -

m

Jacmel

It ' to

.

té -

yo

té té - -

m

abité

té -v

,

papa

chaj

you

sémèn

rélé Maglwa

-m Lò

.

- -

O

-té

kay Maglwa

Jakmèl

m

té -

m

komâsmâ biê okipé

m

lò

19 té - .

Sé -

Kay

désân

marks

get bad

,

become the pupils out of twenty Stayed Where When Was

tenth nòm

't

started to get good

end of the semester ,

Koté kay you

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

:

AMERICAN

went

HAITIAN

CREOLE

- vin réfè , épi papa - m mênê- m Pòt0 - Prês . Lò m -rivé Pòt - o - Prês, papa - m

to have month ,

akôpagné - m avèk Danièl

father

m

it

.

au to -

at

to he

it

: , a

“

of

's

to a

cousin

him

,

find

-

Port Prince learning tailoring

he .

me

to

tailer

trade

.”

put me into the tailor

good master

Dad

without

remain

Then my father talked mine named Daniel for

came

farming

said

to

Then

trade

him

I

,

two months

.

with my father not going

me

continue

left school

I

did

handed

:

,

I

,

after

Then

here

hope you

'

thus

boy

he

said

I

My dear

they

and

'll

me

to

back

a

When he had looked

took was done

it

,

at it,

show

it ;

was very good the boss how well

said

called

at

he

looked

to

worker

He

,

of

I a

.

Boss Magloire

I I I

,

of

a

[ it ]

to

a

I

it .

sewing they

me

.

left with mediately

]

,

Then Daniel found the boss ſand found the place for me and my father

- , au , -

.

soustré pâtalo

showed

, one cutting cloth pants and so much

little pair When finished

for Port Prince im arrived my father

When

I

maré dwèt

sewed

piece

set

Lò ak - .

,

-

la

plézi

took

cut out

I

-ap

- . ”

bô m m

-

,

la

-

m

-

li

avèk

.

-m nâ -

dé ,

la

-

-

boutik

résévwa

-

-m

bâ

,

li

-o -

m

-

achté you

mwê

Prês touswit akôpagné

m

-

m

-

yo

-

,

m

fè m

, ,

bòs

-

rivé

papa

é

pou mwê

-

plas

la

.

jwên

l--

-

, -o

Pòt Epi Danièl chèché bòs

tayè

the trade

loved

it

kô -

,

-p

kouzê

-l

tayè

:

m

di - l

yo

m

,

nâ -

you

chaché you Prês pou mété

pati avè pou Pòt Lò rivé papa Danièl mênê

]

they

got

I

.

to

[

,

and Daniel went with me and took me the shop When

,

to

a

house

my

,

Daniel

's

was

at

While

I

m

papa

-

,

Danièl

la

kay

-

Pâdâ

té -

.

,

,

,

there the boss received me with pleas ure had me buy thimble he tied my fingers and he set me basting pants m

m

ou

- ké dé

-m

té -

-m

palé avèk

rélé Danièl pou

aprân

li

“

fè

di :

,

.

-

m

,

sâ - m

papa

bòs

li

m

ké

dè m

li

ré -

li

,

- -l

“

.”

sa

ki

Épi

.

li

môtré bòs kômâ biê fèt Lò fini gadé épi mèt mwê Mô chè swété kotinié Épi kité lékol mwê môté isit mwê mwa kiltir avèk Épi papa Papa rété métié mété métié tayé

I

cut. day

.”

li .

-

,

li

sé

di

-l

,

li

Li

yo

li

,

fin

m -koud li. Lò m koud mwê mộtré you ouvrié rélé Bòs Maglwa gadé prâ trè biê

they sewed , [and how ] they

look how

,

ak

idea when I was was always taking little pieces of cloth [and ] making little pants , little shirts and little vests (at 15 years) . I always went to the shop of Nòmil Pozi (pastor ) to

I

he

M

Port -au -Prince .

to

little (was that]

it

ti-

fè

-ti - vès ( a -kêu â ). nâ -boutik Nòmil Pozi (pastè) pou - gadé koumâ yo koud, y -ap - tayé. M -té - tèlmâ rêmê métié - a , you jou m - prâ moso rétay twal , mwê tayé you ti-pâtalô épi pâtalô

a

my

and then

My

Ambitions .

“

, ti-chémiz toujou - té alé

té -

up

ti-moso

,

m

m - té -

twal,

took me

I'

piti-m

. Lidé lò

ap -prâ

consultation for me. After got well again

When I went to Port -au - Prince , my father and Daniel accompanied me .

for

22 . Abisiô

toujou

.

a

I

to

HALL ]

thirty

gourdes

.

five gourdes

they gave noon they

me

they

beans

ba

, .

, I

sleep

slept

I

a

on

-

.

-

.

, I

to

us

,

in

to

.

a

I

.

]

and

[

the hill little millet and corn sweet potatoes have two little on

.

have

-

ti -

dé -

Land have one quarter carreau land cultivate unknown beans and little millet and addition we have habitation for cultivate bananas and big irrigation beans of

tè

-

é

mòn

sou

gê

-

M

-

. .M

,

gê

-

é

mai patat

ak

pou

piti mi plis nou pou kiltivé bânân n - -

abitasiô

karo

-

ka

gê

-

you

gro pwa larouzay

piti mi kabrit

used

mat afterwards

I . ;

té -

m

,

,

M

Tè .

23 .

-

m

, -

O

gêgnê

the beginning

frame bed

kiltivé pwa koni avèk

At

,

,

.

.

kômâsmâ kôn dòmi sou nat apré dòmi sou kad

,

they

Sundays

,

evening

me broth gave me chicken and rice nanas ground corn gave

beans

the

, ,

corn

On

ground

,

of

.

coffee and biscuits gave me food bananas

a

went

on

before

Every morning

the shop

to

cost

a

the laundry

At ,

him

month for me food , and

,

them

In

,

-

, .

moulê

gave

father

.

yo

-

A

, .

-

-

é

bâ -m

,

-m

bâ

yo

,

A

yo -

poul

midi

mai moulê kôsomé Lé dimâch diri pwa bânân mai

,

m

té bâ - -

kafé biskwit mâjé bânân pwa

, .

bâ -m

ak

té-bay yo trât goud tou -lé -mwa pou mâjé mwê , lésiv té -kouté li sek goud . Tou - lé -matê âvâ m -al nâ -boutik , yo

swè

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

to

AMERICAN

I

.

92

old

. ]

,

(

I

.

I

.

. I

a

to

I

of

,

my mouth

;

said

he

and Where

: [ “

,

clothes

saw biscuit crumbs

and

]

on

my

he

of

I

,

;

]

on

on

of

.

I

,

on

[

,

front

he he

was had

him

mother

]

[

it

I

I

of

my

Then

and had gotten

I

whack

's

terrific

made me tell him where the pennies Then told pennies

Since you

, .”

I'

said

“

he

me

a

gave

ll

tell me

beat you

,

Then

.”

biscuits

lie

: 't

I

“

:

did you get the biscuits you were eat ing eating any said wasn

.

mâdé

father looked the

I

li

ou .

Piga

my

a

é

ou

sâ

ou

Épi Épi mété

-

-

té -

sou

-

m

prâ dis kòb mâmâ you pié débou prâ afè mâmâ

-1 ” ou m sé di

bèl kal

kòb

li .”

you

bat

- fè -m di -l

m

mâti

jwên

di : di :

yo “

? ”

la , . . m di -m , - .” pa - : ap li " li m

Épi

koté

-ap

pa

-t ou té ba ou - -m ap ba - t-

Pâdâ

m la

"

-

“ M

li

li

,

prâ wè kras biskwit Koté mâjé biskwit Mwê mâjé biskwit Épi

the way ate the biscuits my Crumbs the biscuits stayed mouth and they fell the front my clothes then when got home set out

at

m

ou

di : -

,

ak

-

-

,

lò m

-

,

nâ -

épi

? ”

.

ak

,

yo

, .yo -

chémê

Kras biskwit

was five years when stole ten pennies from my mother My mother had sent me buy sugar girl who was called Atamise from bought the sugar and two biscuits with the ten pennies Then when Theft

ten

dis m

-

-té

-nâ

-

sòti

m

-

,

m

â

ki ak

Atamiz biskwit

rélé

dé

bouch mwê tôbé dévâ rivé lakay papa bouch mwê dévâ rad mwê

rad mwê

gadé

lò

.

-

nâ

yo

-

la

Épi dis kòb mwê mâjé biskwit rété

- sêk té - m

-

gê

té

. -

la

-

-

sik

-

a

you

vòlò

voyé

Mâmâ fi

sik

achté achté

M

m M

mâmâ

-

kòb

.

.

24

.

goats Vòlò

CREOLE

93

taken

.

Then he made me stand on one

foot,

and

her .”

to

to

to

]

to

at :

,

said

't

allow the what the

At

.

, of

I

on

[I ]

I

,

afraid

so

the

I

: . “ ”

I

.”

't

]

I I ,

“

:

to

“

:

[

“

]

,

I

[

: .” “ I

.”

,

on loa a [

a

I

At

the

I ”;

am

.”

I

] ] .

a

-

at

;

in

I

.'

‘

[

’

m

:

I

looked prefer

Lord won

,

]

[

to

a

I

,

.

to

the woman told me neck would get broken

the horse

My

grandmother said to

me

my grand

woman who

and

my

.”

to on

a

loa she hoped

said

just met

walked

the garden

to

, I I

“

I

, I '

has

arrived

a

I

di .

you said

would

went away

that ran the horse got little way until :

"

was

said

woman had said me that she preferred my neck had been broken

When

.”

-

She

had been broken stopped shivered

The Good

mother

kônê

answer

she said

Then

Jézi

-

Mwê

didn

did answer

horse

-di l:

sé

Satâ

she answered and said good morning

me and your neck her that time

said

]

t-

sa ”

-

Sé

kôt

pou

Yes

me Good Good morning

woman said

you

and

[

,

- -

m

,

m

? ”

Mwê

pèmèt

m te -di l

:

sou

“

pa

ti -

-

di -

la .”

nâ

di pa -l

-

ou

Bô Sa

pas

Dié

kôdwi

pito

Grân

me “

-

,

.

m

Lò

-

chwal

ou .

-

pa k

-

mêm

“ “

di

mwê

-ap ou

Grân mwê

fâm

sou

-

té -

mwê

sòt kôtré you

“

,

lwa

: :

di -m

-m

grân

fâm

,

-m

.

Mwê

kasé

mwê

-

-â

nâ : - la,

mwê gê

ki

kou

Kris

pè

m

té di

grân

fâm

déské

kasé mwê jiska mwê maché jadê rivé mwê

kouri chwal mwê rivé

Épi

sa ”

-ap ,

p té - -

pèmèt

tèlmâ pito kou

di -ap nâ alé . l: -

chwal

,

-m :

di

.”

-m

gadé

sou

and morning

to

-

.”

-pa , li

té -

kasé

Loa One day was going Larat join my father planting when arrived the Dispinos mapou tree met woman who had African spirit the time was horse

[

-

m

-

té

a

“

ou

répôn

wi .”

,

ou

Mwê

Bôjou

:

”

ou

-

di

li la “

M

: di "

“

-a Bô ”; di : di -m "

you

sou you

répôn

répôn

Pito kou

Dié

ou

mwệ

mwê rété mwê frémi mwê

Lò

“ M

-

, t lò a

di , -m -Lò

.

"

di :

-

chwal fâm Bôjou madâm bôjou Mwê

Mwê

rivé kòt

mwê râkôtré

's

Joram Meets A Woman Who Has A

gê

pral Larat

Li

jou gê

lwa nâ

té -

, kị

Dispinos

ki

fâm

plâté

-

-m

papa

mapou

fâm

mwê nâ

lwa . You jwên

ak -you

jwên

Joram

li

.

25

to me : “ Don 't take things without asking

said

your mother

ve

HAITIAN

HALL )

I

? ”

I

's

,

I

.”

.

Food

The

food

I

."

't

I

:

“

to

liked

,

-

but girau

,

milk

,

bread

like bananas

( or ]

didn

't

I

and meat

,

potatoes

;

rêmê mâmâ

The Best

said

best was little millet and beans sweet ter

patat

-m

m

-pi

té -

pwa

- bè lé ; -

Tou

, -tpa m -

.

ak -

Mâjé

jou

pi

bô

ki

jiromô

.

,

bânân

lèt ,

sé

,

-

ak

viân

piti mi

té pê , -

.

26

Mâjé

rêmê

'

:“

Jesus Christ that will lead you her didn know

it s

,

ſif ]

to

't

.”

“

:

to

“

:

What did you say her my grandmother said The Good My grand Lord won allow that mother said me That why told you you pass near Satan

. Every

mon

she prepared

.

sweeping

One

, .

clock

'

o

Lord

my

the porch

, ,

on

.

my mother was sweeping angel coming from the sky he

,

,

an

five

I

to

's he

to

,

he

( .” )up

He

played

Lord

me

with

, ;

,

[

the Good

Then

and

to

,

,

he

!”

.

I

Lord

.

Good

:

;

to

),

(

,

"

:

"

see

,

He

on

he

had finished playing with me sent me back again put me the

when

At that time

was small

and

,

old

remember

a

I

in

.

I'

.

going

:

her

When

you

m

I

,

love

very

her

telling

my

send

to

seventeen

I' I

Zouzoun

was ten years

loved

always

was to m

“

much

the time always

, , I

old

, I .

At

I

;

had

.” a

's

It

“

:

,

[? ]

I

, [ ]

[

to

.”

'

'd

it s

,

Jo

to

go

to

your father for you father She was always saying me not me you see other pretty girls there are But never telling stopped talking her and ]

't

on of

“

:

I

of

.

,

her

I

One day when school with her said little brother hers named Eugene you doesn The shirt

her loved came out

I

ou

.”

li

di

,

Li

sa di -m , ou . : li ”

la

papa

school

lie ,

ap , lò

-m Kâ - m -m di al - li: té

â

rélé

sâblé

-

ti -

pa ki - té -

l

-

- ti - , ou -a frè - m

sòti lékòl

frè

âpil

.

-

m

tâdé jouré

gêgnê

-l

avè

chémiz

di

sâblé

toujou

mwê

sou

-m

,

li

,

Zoun

faché

li

Épi

Chémiz

ou

:

chémiz

“

li,

di

.

-l

mwê rêmê You jou you avèk mwê Éjèn

.

palé

ki -pa Li

ti -

lòt bèl

fi -sé

.”

pou

sésé

ou

-

m

,

Jo - -ap , ou

voyé papa

My wife was girl had loved since the time was

a

-

sé

.

-té tê -

jâm

rêmê

mâti

-

"

-pa

, -

m

valè

toujou

m

sèt

Sé

:

ap

di m -

a

t-

wè

Mê

ou â,

-

papa

koté

âpil

mwê

,

Zouzoun

dis

“

-

n

.

toujou rêmê gêgnê

gêgnê dis

a m

lékòl

-

mwê Madâm mwê rêmê dépi mwê

mwê

Lò -

fi

ti -

you

to

Mariaj

té té -

.

28

.

I

was three years that My Marriage

,

.

porch again

I I

: al Bô Pé di .

·

lò

,

â

.

to

He came and took me while was taking me crying fell said My mother Mamma mamma taking you said Be quiet the Good Lord Then the an gel took me and flew went heaven with me took me the took me

sa

-

I

,

di :

,

l,

-m

.

gê

twaz

saw

The Good

towards

was

while

and

go

a

-mprâ ,

-m .

al

-

té -

iti mwê

,

té -p

é

li

,

mwê sôjé

A

,

-

-

.

ou

“

ap

vin

-

, li,

-

,

li

mênê

m

l-

-m

-

-a

-

voyé mwê galri âkò Lò

mwê

sa

ap

jwé avè mwê âkò mété sou

,

Dié prâ mwê

.”

nâ

li

fini

tounê

Mâmâ

mênê prâ mwê

lâj

sièl avè

mother

pâdâ

Mwê

Visit

afternoon

mwê wè

wè volé bay Bô Dié jwé avè

Épi Bô

é

.

-

-

.”

,

Mâmâ mâmâ

bouch Épi Dié

balé

tôbé krié

m

,

-

sièl

Li -ap

m

-

nâ

nâ sot

âj

-ap

prâ

ou

“

l-

you

t-

,

è

épi pâdâ mâmâ

balé sou galri

me

giraumon

one she cooked other food for me

To

;

eat evening

apré midi

You

she didn ' t force

me. Giraumon

.

-

lòt

Bô

Dié

mâmâ

-m

vè

.

27

Vizit

day

tea , morning

Mâmâ- m té -kön fòsé -m mâjé bânân , si- m - pa -mâjé -l li kalé- m . Jiromô li pa - t - fòsé mâjé , si li paré jiromo you mâjé pou mwê swaré , li kwit

sêk

74

my mother gave (me] and evening . My mother used to force me to eat bananas ; if I didn ' t eat it , she beat

té matê é- swa .

]

bay

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

if

AMERICAN

94

HAITIAN

HALL )

Kôtrolé trop pîga ou fè sâ -lèspri ou avè- m .” Épi déz ou twa mwa apré papa -m rétiré -m d - isit , li voyé - m al lékòl nâ - lékòl lavil.

“

CREOLE look like your shirt , it looks like your

father 's shirt . ” And Zoun heard me that

say

,

gry

she

't :“

to

.

It

Jo

,

.”

,

ll

up

At

peanuts

for

I'

“

:

I

to

I

't

;

,

]

to

[ lit .

a

,

month later the girl came found me she said me Ex cuse me for that wasn my fault won scold you any more And said her excuse you Then

.

me

,

roasted

all

brought

.

I

to

,

.”

Zouzoun She went each descent into town she always came see me where was staying She

)

(d

to

]

,

[

.

espite and bread But the admiration she came have for yet for her What me had nothing made me not have any admiration sweets

for

.

as

m

-

.

-

to act

two or three

Then

I

,

a

fè m

li

- . te Sa - k

-

môtré

-

té

sa

-

li li m,

vini rêmê lòt

toujou

m

.

fi

deal.

great

me : “ Take care not

,

m

wè - .

- m -tpa - -pa t gê -

,

Mê tout admirasiô

li

admirasiô pou Malgré

ou ou Jo . ,

,

-

koté griyé

gêgnê âyê âkò pou

li ti -

sa

,

ti fi -a

ta

-

-

Chak

toujou pasé pòté pistach

Li

-

yo -

éskuzé

vin gêgnê pou mwê

rêmê

jouré

môté

pou mwê dous sa

ap m

p -

li

,

, nâ .

désân

m

vini

li

.”

lavil

“ M

Li

Zouzoun désân

mwê

jwen

.pê

.”

âkò

Éskizé

m

,

li

pa

fòt

t--

-

Sé

di -m

you mwa

Épi

to

with me.”

an

she got

a

months afterwards , my father took me away from here [and ] he sent me to go to school in the school in town .

: di -l , " : m pli

Épi mwê

me

scolded

She said foolish

,

her brother

to

.

,

I

]

(

to

was that had come love another girl Despite that she always

,

her

“

yo

:

.

,

, I

to

for

.

,

on

I

to

,

, :

to

,

.

I

be

, ,

,

sisters

be

(

to to

it

. I

I

.

said

and the children

to

nou

,

Kômâ

got home

I

When

told her

to

I

.” ;

]

I ;

di

an

.

a

was going

would send ask for her Then slowly came end went down with my father seventeen

rété

-

-

ti -m -

moun

that time

ak

ki ,

-

ak m

papa

to

't

"

.”

,

-

â

ge

li -

t-

Épi

dear

At

mwê

fini mwê désân avèk rivé lakay mwê

-

-m

ak

.

ti -

mâmâ

yo

Lò

sè -m m

lâtémâ papa

dis sèt voyé pou

, a-

m

mwê vin

té -

di -l a

Lò

ta -p

my ral

;

to

.

a

had had her caused me love her even more Then when she was crying said her cry Zouzoun quiet wait Don love

come

tâdé chéri

later her grandmother

my father and my came die the wake with mother took me saw the girl When arrived them her crying little white dress with Then the same for her grandmother

I

krié

she loved me

I

-ap

plis

, .

:

,

Pa pi -

di -l

ou

"

fè m

bouch

ti fi -a -a

-

l-

li,

-

m

,

vin rêmê

me

Two years

,

nâ

-m

-m

Zouzoun

mwê

amou

mêm

,

, l-

lò

-

a

ap li

Epi

krié mwê

pé -

gê -

-

té

pou

mouri

mênê lâmò rivé mwê wè krié rob blâch sou

li - Lò . ti

you

pou grân

Épi

li

,

â

avèk avèk

grân

mâmâ

.yo

,

-m

papa

apré

vin

showed

Déz

my little

who stayed

to I .

[? ]

's

If

see

m

I

,

, I

.”

to

to

for

"

I'

:

I

!”

a

,

be

d

,

I' to

. :

I be

, ,

, .

am

.

I

If

; if

I

it

't

I .

in a

hat

:

“

the Here are these in

I

,

to

, it .”

to

I

to

a

,

I

up

s

it '

I'

m

If

a

is

“

him

them

stayed

who

child

said

put

at it : ; .

]

[

I

,

.”

;

in

little papers which are the hat take one therein Then the child took one took the paper and looked

I

.

”

“

I

saw Yes and was glad said The Good Lord has answered my prayer Then the next day was

came

met the girl was just nam

her

Oh look

.

I

, , I I

the Akos hillock

said

appeared

]

I

I

( lit .

as

;

going down

Oh

“

,

:

to

to

.”

"

?

I

her

also

He

"

-

:

told

'll ' t

won

] til

[ ) .” St .

Ris

be be :

to

"

:

She said

Brother

he

willing

.”

her

to

, ( :

in “ , .” Jo I' , m I

marriage

Ah willing

to a

a

put those words into

to

well that she

love

very much

and

I

but

I]

,

child

,

)

(

only

[

Zouzoun

a

.

I

you this line

is

I

,

Father

to

hasten write tell you my thoughts towards little Zouzoun know very “

the letter

I

;

my father

to

I

]

it

I

, ,

give

."

loves me greatly Then the following Sunday wrote gave letter and little boy because

:

,

you

[

li

, -

mwê

-

pou

me

,

ké la

-

li

tâ

,

tâ

-

lô

.

l

sa

biê

di -

,

la

-

té -

li

-

li

fi a

pa ti -

t-

-

âkò

-l

al

ou

m

,

.”

ri ,

sâ m

dépi

house

I

je

"

.

,

ti -

sé

moun mê mwê rêmê Zouzoun prié pou rété sou kôt prâ lèt gadé mwê Papa paské palé avèk grâ kônê papa

called

wish

papers

little

Jo

, té

,

pour vous raconter ma pensée envers petite Z012011n Mwa kon trè bie âpil

them

the

,

,

-

“ nâ L -

, : lèt ,

dimâch

wrapped

:“

:

-

"

“ A

Jo

Frè

vlé

wrote

:

wi ” ,

,

“ O

di ap M -m ap , - - : “ -di l O

? ” M

voyé

Then

draw draw

mwê baying your name She said me mwê mèt what were you saying about me Nothing Papa said told her going écrire cette ligne also send and ask for

:

sila vous

gadè

know

marry her

lots

you wish know you don

yes

“

de

presse

”

-

Akos

-m

parol

"

-ap

-

m

Li :

ou ”

:

:

m

l di -

Épi

you

bay papa

:

Bô

nâ

di -l ti -

. -

M

âkò

yo

- la

em

wè

.

,

“

-

Li

-

m

.”

.” di -

ou .”

âpil

désân

mòn

âkò

M

.” -pa

ap

l-

rêmê

Dié rêpôn

mwe

sou

vini mwê ékri

lèt ti -

-

k

Mwê

gasô

’ nâ -

m

nô .

t - m di -ap ti - -p fi -a li di

ap

ou

-

s

-t -

m

Jo yè ,

“

lòmê

mâdé pou Til vlé

you

démê

arèt

mwé kôtré

paské

nâ

.”

,

ba

-

â

di :

.

-

m

-a

Épi

kou

Ariê

mwê

-1

,

papié mwê gadé épi kôtâ Mwê priè mwê

dâ .

la

-a

-

la

ti -

,

nâ -

ki

yo

sa

“

papié rété lakay mwê Mê chapo prâ youn Épi prâ youn moun Mwê prâ

me

for

draw

.”

di li :

ti - ti

moun

possible

going

to

rélé you

the house knelt and said Father Good Lord Thy will done girl putting before you Here entered

‘ ' no ', ', I I'll I'll

-

,

mwê mété

my father : " How Zouzoun she beau and

because love her very marry girl like glad much that tomorrow told them pray the Lord going the Lord give her me Then went and

tiful

I

, , fi

.

râ

ékri

you girl

do

I I

:

yo

di

-

fè m

ti -

-m

m

si -

,

yo

.”

Épi

-p

ou

pa

-

rézô

m

. -

-

ou

, .

-

nâ

Mwê

pou

you

vlé

yo ,

-

m

-

Bô

Si . -sé

ou

posib

kônê vlé papié mwê vlopé chapo

Bô -

m

Dié

you

“

Mê

pral tiré

m

li,

,

-

Papa

fèt

kônê

m

-m , Si

wi

prâ

ki yo ti -

nô

épi

Dié âtré lakay

di :

,

-

tè ,

mèt jénou mwê ké vòt volâté swa mwê mèt dévâ marié avèk

M

.”

sa

alé

Dié pou

m

-l

.”

-

“ M

Bô

-

fi

ti -

ak -

mwê rêmê- l âpil , mwê t - a -kôtâ marié you kôn démê

my mother

with

“

wè Zouzoun . Si sé - so bèl ti- fi, paské

pral prié Épi kado

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

on

AMERICAN

96

beg

me

.”

for

her

he

the letter looked laughed because

took

,

father

he

at

and ask

go

to

My

he

you

for

CREOLE

he

for

,

I

,

.

to

he

,

I

Jo ,

“

ve

I

:

to

I'

I

to

's

.

she accepted

)

either

my

if

(

,

and

know

didn

't

she

an

girl came and

The

my letters

,

swered

I

to

was serious

but

.

-

was sick my saw what you

already arranged that wrote me for you The girl parents were very happy Then came start writing letters the girl show her that

.

si

-l -té

li

kôt mwê

rété sou

me

to

,

la

-

li .

-

nô

pli

pou

During the time

father said

.” .

yo

ti - té fi -a

biê

fever

.

m

té -

Jo , .

“

a

sa

.

di -m ak -

:

réglé

fi -

ti -

ké

fè

-tpa -m -

kônê

-

m

-

Pâdâ

mwê mêm sérié répôs lèt

palé avèk papa

té

,

mê

Mwê

.

-

té -

.

kônê

,

asépté

Apré kèk

lafièv

Parâ kômâsé ékri

li li

vini

âyê

vin

-

-l

fè

pou

m

Épi

kôtâ

papa

ékri

déja

Ti - lèt -fi ." a

pou

-

la

ou

ou sa

wè

, di m

,

papa

m m

vin

-

,

m

malad

malad

-

m

jâm

li

Épi jou

-pa

.

a

, ' s

a

knew

,

it it [

and long time that was had been talking with the girl father for quite long time me without my having told him that yet And never said anything me fell sick with After some days ]

HAITIAN

HALL

,

I

's

I

I

,

to

.

I

]

[

a

]

[

,

I of

in

, ,

I

Hello

“

:

,

chair and the girl and

to

, [

.

sit

.”

She said

]

Her mother took me next

she had

)

(

kissed her too

I

and

a

went

to

I

;

.

to

a

them

, ; a

]

[ it ]

and

to

,

,

they went they made coffee they came and served me with bread while they were making then

's

the people

]

:

I

.”

house

went

to

,

when

I

.”

that

parents

said

was right be had run away

]

knew

my

passed over

stay

I I

I I

cause from

can

't

No

(

have completely

. ,

“

a

,

,

to to

.

(

heavy rain fell the coffee When the rain had just passed they said me Stay while wait for the rain

,

:

m

.”

-sé

-t al

m

,

pa

-

m

went her and kissed where the girl was

Jo

ak

fin

di -

fi -

fè

- -a

pasé

was sewing dresses father and mother

[

yo ,

m

.

li a

-

ti -

-l

gro

yo

,

, li

you

sèvi

found the girl sitting over table with machine front her and she

:

-

sâ

.

yo

-a

m

-m

.

you épi

kap rété kônê ké sové lakay

yo té -

“

,

,

di : parâ

yo

nâ

Nô

tou

prâ

After she had made the answer away from my father house and went see them without my got there father knowing When ran

“

la

,

-1

,

lapli

rézô paské

-

,

fè

tân

a

-

toujou

Mwê

gê

”

Té - .

”

Jo .

-m

- fè -ap

y

pasé

té -

m

kafé

vini

vin

sové

moun

machin

Mâmâ

chita koté

kafé

.

Rété

you

mwê âbrasé

ti fi -a

“

li

yo

alé

pê , yo

mété

pâdâ Lapli lapli nèt

yo -

,

-

m

-ap

-

ak

-l

, di :

-

m

alé koté Bôjou

chèz

jwên

mwê

tab

koud Mwê jwen mâmâ mwê âbrasé

l-

li,

dévâ papa

"

rivé

m ti fi - pa a -

sou you

sové kay papa

mwê

-

Lò

chita

wè

rob ak

kônê

Li

répôs

fè

m

al

. m , li

fin

Apré papa

.

to

be

father had spoken with her father for her mine

and

]

, 74

While

apprenticeship

for

to look

put me into went

I

master tailor apprenticeship

he

Port-au - Prince , he went

to

, . ,

into

took my mother and some relatives and they went my make the formal request half He arrived and called the girl parents

be to

he

a

,

,

ve

, .

I'

I

,

a

ve

m

];

[

.

my

Til

I ,

,

“

, :

I

do

;

to

say

do

to

to him

,

in

to

I'

a

;

I'

for

,

it

. If

a

would

I

, ,

because

decide

't

hand what marry the

.

's

you

you may

So ,

dear fellow

to

my

,

)

child and couldn say something like that

go to

of

me

him

he

' , '

to

a

yes

“

fellow

he

and

[

My dear

, at ]

father answered

said

present

ll

,

held

reception

, :

they

I'

-

is

Then

a

.”

he

is

;

eighteen years old the young man twenty one marry him

when

when

they

,

,

took

their leave

,

Then

.

,

Lorâ rélé Zouzoun

,

yo

lò

éskizé

, ,

,

candy wine liqueurs cola bread bananas meat rice and beans

.

Épi

dear fellow accept you because

my daughter

:

to

him

off

-

pwa

you

? ”

My

,

, ak

,

,

bânân

, -ap â,

-

â

,

m

marié divê likè viân diri

:

résépsió

pê bôbô

“

:

di -l

,

li

a yo

, fè é -

,

kola

,

.”

li

Épi

alò

you

people

that what

? ”

(

to

ask

,

So

and

Mô chè

dis wit

yoûn

gêgnê vêt

-l -

kou

msié

gê

-yé m

n -

kou

]

.

:“

he '

me

.

.

only

children répôn

her

with

grown

request

said a

,

nâ

s

-

never have

m

-

]

of to .

I'

make such

time would Papa

marry

speak

know that you are serious man had been little Joram who had come

to

sa

-

very glad

come

âployé

you

Loran said m

, ou

ki

ké

. -pa jâm té -l - di , ti fi wi -

-

-

â

vin

mô chè

pou

desidé

-

yo n -t ? ” -a

lò

al

la

ki

paské

kapab

paròl kôn Alò travay kôsékâs

-

ti -

kôn

sa

you

moun

kôdisiô

li -pa yé , té ap li -

moun

mèt

biê

mô Si sé , m té - -ti

ou

.

Joram

you

m

,

ti - m

di -m sé

Til

-

prézâté

dévâ

ou

sérié

nòm

vin

Alò

“

:

di

-ap

m

té - sé - -

you

chè mwê kôtô paské kônê

]

]

,

so

What

aksépté

[

of

loves have come seriously like two Joram

accept

Lora

long time since was always been friendly

small and with you You are serious man coming you consult with you your girl Zouzoun favor whom [

fi

ti -

-

,

sa

nâ

di

ou

.

Sa

dé

-

-

â

ké -

,

ou alò

? ”

sa

ou

-

l-

,

,

la

ou -

-

m

kôsilté avè favè Zouzoun Joram rêmê pou grâ moun marié kòm vini palé avè sérièzmâ aksépté

you

known

I[]

ou

dévâ

they arrived they went out the house and went into room My they and consulted each other My dear Lorangèle father said When

[

di :

-

lôtô Ou

dé -

mwê

alé

.

ou ou m

-

,

vin

sérié

nòm

ou

,

you

pou

-

m

sé -

“

-m -

,

-

,

Papa kôsilté Lorajel Mô chè mwê kônê dépi piti toujou biê avè châm

é

-

sòti

la

kay

.yonâ -

yo

rivé yo

nâ

Lò

's .

[

,

on

[

]

,

. Li

- -m

(MEMOIRS

month later , my father traveled

A

a

nâ -

al

.

m

nâ -

Pâdâ

prâ mâmâ avèk kèk prézâté pou mwê rivé

ti fi -a

li

rélé parâ

bòs tayé ,

.yo

yo

-a

métié fâmiy

vwayajé

chaché you

métié

, -m

mété

al li

li

Pòt - o- Prês , l-al

ASSOCIATION

[

apré , papa -m

mwa

You

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

he

AMERICAN

98

HAITIAN CREOLE

a

is

.

I

he

of

-

on

,

“

:

.

a

man

so

I

(

)

,

future and answered him your behalf Are you agreeable saying Zouzoun answered Yes father whatever you wish wish with

? ”

,

“

I

,

,

here

the boy that

, :

."

ou .” ou

,

gadé

come

behalf

,

Lorâ

asépté

child

,

di :

,

tou

you

called Joram know serious man and the boy

is

? ”

ou

,

di :

,

-

nâ

.”

,

in

“

:

.”

,

Loran said Since my child you accept keep your word your heart also

,

-

who

Wi papa

tou

-

,

pitit mwê kè nâ

, ou

“

vlé

m

vlé

ou

sa

Piské paròl

mwê kôtâ

“

-

-

-

Zouzoun répôn

for

Mrs.

and

My

Saint Ristil has

Brother ask

said

is

alò

Loran

a

davéni Eské

Zouzoun

called

Loran to

you nòm pou

li -

sé

gasô

- ti - nâ .

sérié

gasô

Loran

é

- ki

Jorâm

kônê

répôn

-l -

rélé

you nòm

pou

sé -

Mwê

mâdé

-ké ti

ou

-

pou

pou

la

Ristil

Sê

li ou .

Frè

vin

-Mâdam Lorâ . Lorâ di: " Pitit mwê ,

ak

99

on

HALL ]

: .

I

,

to

]

[

,

to

Jo

.

]

[

,

[

I

,

on

“

to

't

,

.

I'

on m

,

So

.

to

I

:

,

,

.”

ar

finished

[

,

and

.

,

beans and rice

]

and

]

,

serving meat milk

[

liqueurs

served

by

,

us .

.

's

.

,

my mother one for me We set out When we house for Lorangèle rived we found everybody sitting and waiting They served coffee for

,

a

to

.

to

.

ll

I'

the people When Sunday came my father had one the animals saddled one for him to

,

,

.jèl

sèvi likè

diri lèt

pwa avèk

,

,

sèvi kafé

,

.

nou

Lò

chita

.

Yo

.

tân

fini sèvi viân

here

my dear boy don shame me well going get me before the people ready your house start work buy cor next week have time rugated iron cover your house Sunday take you make visit

for

yo

fè

mwê Nou mété kay Lorâ rivé nou jwen tout moun

-ap

n

-m

-

-

li,

,

-m

Dimâch rivé papa sélé bèt youn youn pou mâmâ youn pou pou

traveled

father called me and said me My dear the place you told me your behalf went there The people were very glad and received

to

tol -

m

.” -

yo

nâ

-

ap

tâ

. ou

Two months later

My go

, .

ou

M

.yo

nâ -ap -

pral kay

mèt mê gê

bie té - Jo

kôtô

té m fè - -m

“

-

biê

ou

-v

di -m : alé

-

te

isit

chè

, -a, -

m

,

yo

.

al

ou

-

pou

-m - la al -

.

m

-

lòt

ou

mênê

Mô

achté Dimâch rân moun vizit

sémên

kouvri kay

pou

wayajé

chè pîga

moun pou

dévâ

préparé

mô

Alò

M

rôt

-m

Moun

résévwa

li

,

-m

té -

di -m

-

ou m

alé .

koté

apré

rélé

,

Dé mwa Papa

paròl mêm

.

us , ;

,

,

,

, :

,

.

's

finished

,

had

mother came and bread When they they served liqueurs

and then the people went out into the courtyard and talked they left me

;

biê mwê

]

é

coffee and

,

,

the girl

served

ti fi -a

gê ak

-fi yo a

talking

sèvi likè lakou

,

mwê

ti fi -a

pou

si -

-â

kité mwê mêm

Correction When we arrived we kissed the girl her mother her father when we had finished they seated they talked and While they were

[

yo

,

n

. -

,

lò

ap

-

-

ti -

yo

sou

-

di

-

li

salô

fini

sòti

ou

nâ -

,

palé

yo

y

-ap

moun

rété pou

Lò

yo

-

-p

ak -

kafé âswit

.pê a,

ap

-

y

,

y

-l

-l

,

-fi a

-

: , ]

(

ti -

n

Correction Lò rivé nou âbrasé papa mâmâ fini palé mété nou chita Pâdâ alé mâmâ vin sèvi

), ).

.

't a

I'

'

”

,

it .

at s

:“

m

I

,

to

(t

to [

to

I

be or ( if ]

to

in

us to

,

I

.

.” ,

:

blessed

,

to

God for our being

"

)

to

said

,

be

get to

in “

I

, :

's

to

to ”

(

;

Til to

give thanks

)

a

. he ”

,

.

a

do

to

“

(

:

him

to

thanks Afterwards everybody was happy and thanked him We

.

.

they

liberty

have complete

in

.

came

our

,

once again we took we went away After that to

,

leave

]

,

[

all

kissed

for he

and

]

with me

,

father went

was ready We had the furniture prepared then

;

.

-

au

and make the Port Prince -

to

house and we got ready wedding purchases

at go

say

.

he

went

[

up

.

set

.

in

.

I

to

went visit them every Sunday second the month Then the two years which they had My holding the wedding arrived their house

]

[

They came and they examined what things we needed for the peo kind present who would come wedding got to They they the came gether the money and they traveled

at

be

to

,

]

. [,

.

Prince

-

Port

au

, ki

m

-

.

a

fi -

:

Then gave

to

ap ki

Sa

yo k -

ti -

.

-

we came

leave my father

of

-m

-o -

la

-

,

o -

sé

when

my name Very well

thing which was good He Great Lord we bless Thee prayer and then he said

-

yo

té -b

fè

li

.

.

nou

said

able sang

ple

lé -

â

Papa paré Nou

to

sa

:“

“

di :

Him

ay

Nou

,

. -

-

,

, n

-

ap

" N

for

-

o -

-

, nâ

fi a

They

We shall

yo

,

.

-

la

-

n -a

yo

ti -

mwê mêm kamió

receive the young man

them

dézièm

you

the girl

When we had finished eating

ready

.

-

n

, di

fè

al

. -n

,

té -

voyajé

table

libèté lakay

alò

them

my father said the girl parents No matter what time come here

Brother

kòmisiô nòs Pòt Prês Yo vini ekzaminé valè bagay bézwê pou moun vini kôplété asisté nòs Yo vini lajâ voyajé Pòt Prês Papa voyajé pou Pòt Prês papa

I

Sé -

"

Li

.

, l, -

alé

told

Afterwards

âbrasé tout Apré

vini rivé mèb

;

fè

vin

sa

-

n

yo : fin

ti - . fi -a

-

a

yo

bô li

ki -

. . , . ”

-n

yo

.

fèt la

fè

pou

:

di

m

-

té -

di -l

di -

môté avèk mwê préparé kay

déz

did

mother came and set the places

alé

tout

everything

person

rân

pou

vizit tou

Épi

la

-

nòs

di li :

.”

",

-

a

fè yo

-

mwa

dimâch

Nou

gêgnê

-

té

]

mèsi

eskizé vin

béni

to

see

nou châté Grâ lapriè Aswit Apré tout moun

bénisô

alé rân

trè biê préparé

nou

[? ]

m

di

-

Yo

dé , -

,

n -

[ M ?

.

pou

lagras

li

nou

, ,

âkò yo yo

vini isit résévwa msié

”

-

kôtâ

parâ

vini

Dié bagay

Dié nou épi rân

pou

.”

ou

è m m

,

nô

alé papa

kapab

, la .

-

-

m

“

yo

vin

m

fi -a

ti “

pou

0

Frè

mwe Til nou

glwa

-tpa -

- sé fè - m -l

,

-â

- di fi té - -a di :

nèg sérié tou Ou wè Apré mâmâ wè râjé kouvè tab Lò

stay in the living girl room case the had any words say me had any for her ogether for able talk girl everything The told me the people they had said when had come make the request because wasn there told the girl You see serious girl

the

and

I

. Ti- fi- a rakôté- m yo tou sa moun té -di lò yo té réprézâtasiô paské Mwê pou -nou kapab palé

mâjé papa Nêpòt kèl

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

“

AMERICAN

100

Those

who trav

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

101

to Port-au -Prince were : My , father the girl 's father , myself , the girl. We went in a camion . When we got to Port - au - Prince , we everything dear . The girl 's found

eled

,

for

a

a

,

as

.

I

]

. ,

a a

,

.

all

,

,

a

]

a

,

of

,

's

to , ,

,

,

-

to

a

. .

,

8

It

,

of

)

,

to of

to

up

,

(

,

of

's

's

to

.

.

,

,

the evening

towards the girl

]

the

seven

, 's

of

On

.

to

[

a

up

,

in

)

(

in

February

par

ents her father and her mother came the house she was going live

.

in

to

they arrived unloaded their they animals took their bundles their

,

,

They

little trunks

]

]

a

in

[

,

[

,

and some chickens they put had brought and everything down place prepared for that Then they sat down Many they

.

yo

prâ

seventh clock

during the day

them

,

té - jèn

Yo , -

ké -

yo

a

minwi

matê

di -

è

pou

pastè

receive

.

-

yo tè

,

.

sa

-

Arivé

-

nâ

.

-

violô

kabân twaz

-

.

ti -

somèy

A

yo

yo

you

, -té

mizik you kôpagné

-

a

vini démwazèl tout nwit

.yo

té -

Délak répozé

yo

,

châté

gêgnê kòm

êvité pou démê

nâ

yo

jâ

wit févrié

ki

Apil moun yo

.

chita

to

,

di -

è

yo

,

,

nâ -

-p

a

yo

té

yo yo ,

yo

,

yo

.

-a

pral abité déchajé bèt rivé prâ pakèt malèt kèk poul òté mété tout Epi you âdwa dispozé pou

,

-l

yo

swa

vini lakay

.

yo

.

-

,

vè

sèt

mâmâ

,

-1

papa

Yo

.

,

-

a

parâ

-a

-

-

fè

Sèt févrié

ti - fi â

lajounê

help father and my mother came neighborhood people too Some the dancing shed and came set cut wood They prepared food to

-a

katié

pou môté tônèl pou koupé bwa mâjé pou résévwa pâdâ

vini Yo

'

pou

February all the people girl family the and some the girl relatives came during the day housekeep help the girl set my family ing Relatives and seventh

o

,

.

Parâ

vin

got

,

and then bull calf the invited persons was February 1947 On the

to

, a

-

.

nâ

-

m

fâmiy papa mâmâ okipé tou Kèk moun

yo

-

ajounê

yo

,

fi -a

ti -

vin

pral abité

a a

,

kèk

pou okipé -

nâ yo -l

tout moun

parâ

-m ti , -fi

ti fi . -a

sâ

té -

Sé -

Sèt févrié

sèt

karât fâmiy

rum

beans rice little millet

receive

wit févrié mil nèf

cola

anisette

,

and bananas ground corn

liqueurs

,

bread candy

,

,

-

,

,

.yo ti - ,

,

,

,

-

pou résévwa moun êvité

When we arrived here they gether the money and bought

, , ,

lajâ

,

kôplété

bôbô like anizèt pwa diri piti mi âswit you toro bèf

,

moulu

,

,

-

é

mai

,

-

n

rivé achité kola épi bânân ròm

yo

pê , isit

Lò

.

.

,

's

for

a

The girl

to

-

nou

,

Yo

,

.

kouti épi

a

a

fi -

achté you

hat

(

fi a

, ti -

(

-

- .

-m ti -

father bought girl shoes the hat and blouse My father bought for me two pair suits shoes hat shirts undershirts shorts They sent the suits the tailor and then we traveled here and

pair

kalsô

,

,

yo

nâ

dé

, .

é

father bought for her two silk dresses . One the married girl one for the bought girl who carried her train girl pink gift for the silk dress

you

you soulié

chémizèt

mété tout kostim voyajé pou isit

-

Papa

bous

kostim

chémiz

,

pou

soulié

you

-

chapo

-

pè é -

achté you pou mwê

Papa

you chapo

rob ròz swa chapo

a

fi -

ti -

marié , youn pou - ti- fi-a lévé nòs li. Mwê achté pou kòm kado you

. of

rivé Pòt-o - Prês nou jwen bagay tout chè . Papa ti- fi - a achté pou -li dé rob swa , youn pou - ti- fi -a Lò nou

for

;

,

a

in

,

a

up

'

o

,

.

they

,

they

started

set beans along with many other well When day came they

,

fire

started

arrange the church

Mean tak

.

to

.

]

he

,

.

in

[

to

to

ing

,

Her her

The girl finished dressing with veil and then dressed myself when had finished dressing the pastor came

.”

I ,

help

he

,

to

I

;

a

,

.

they

:

.

,

fire

;

li

yo

.

sòti

to

,

they got they made everyone Then

received

killed the bull

the things

to

to

]

on

up

they

little

the morning

to

they

light

on

all

8

,

.

(

.

,

coffee

as

,

they woke

clock

-a

nâ -

é

âbrasé mwê épi nou

the

midnight

take

went

li

.”

le

.

yo

madâm

At three

came

beds

while they started dress those part the wedding While were dressing the girl she cried father appeared and said you know my temper Stop

l-

râ

-

ak

Mwê mêm

lâmê

invited

wit

you kômâsé marié lòt Lò fini marié nou Épi bay Béni soit lien

tout lamarié

rested

on

é

,

m

-

nâ -

-

,

pastè

gêgnê

-

-a

lò

,

-

chita

When they

.

.

.yo

.

-

.

ou

a

-

-

é

nou

marié

té

lpa

vwal

fini abiyé sèvi bwa épi dmi wit

marên égliz avèk tout asistâ

légliz

-

:

“

châté

sleep

pastè

nâ

jis

;

mariaj

è

la -

al -

,

-a

.yo

pou

Rivé

kômâsé râ

A

.

l-

al

-a

,

akôpagné

parên

kòn bout

lò m

févrié

nòs

they

abiyé avèk

âswit mwê abiye pastè vini légliz sèt

yo

édé - fin " m

Sispân

them

Papa

krié

li

; ,

Ti - li fi -a di -l :

ap

y

, -

.”

mwê

nòs

la

yo

li

yo

tâ

li

abiyé

kòmâsé abiyé

Pâdâ parèt

pa ti - - alé fi -a

-

nâ

lòt

,

kômâsé alimé difé komâsé mété pwa bagay âkò difé avèk âpil râjé légliz Pâdâ Kâ vini jou

people who had been

February next day came the young ladies and young men sang night They had for music violin accompanied which Pastor Délak

a

yo

-

.

la

yo

Épi

tout moun

kafé , yo résévwa touyé bèf

yo fè

,

lévé ,

yo

yo

,

révéyé

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

“

AMERICAN

102

30

on

. , 7

At

to

all ]

go

[

8

,

.

to

them serve drink and then went the church Febru ary the wedding party accompanied the godmothers and godfathers

.

to

at

;

]

[

at

to

church with the witnesses On arriving the church we sat per down and the pastor began marriages form that time there

Then

to

be

the bond hands with all the

Blessèd

shook

.”

“

:

sang he

he

us ,

.

he

to

row

;

were eight marriages the pastor be marry from one gan the other row When finished marrying

all

us , to

house and then when we arrived they

;

in

us

[? ]

us ,

-

house

of

nâ

-n

“

yo :

as

, ”

êvité

bôjou

té -

y

,

nou épi nou rivé nou épi akôpagné lòt nòs al

the church was near the people the other wedding parties followed put our

,

di

yo

,

-

-

lò la

-

lòt nòs

lakay mwê

pré nou tout moun kay swiv nou mété

yo la

kòm

n

sòti té

nou légliz

Pâdâ

al

.

.

brides and kissed them My wife and myself then went out my When we went out we went

of

a

.

It

to

.

,

When they were go godfather toast the made speech The pastor made speech and then there was the communal magis

mixed with

.

cola

a

a

,

made another speech

and toast the peo all the other drinks candy and other things Then

,

,

,

then they started ple with cola and

bread

all

trate

he

ing

, .

.

-

bwè alé

classmate

to

yo fin

yo

,

rété

eskizé

yo

Lò

.

té -

-

té

mâjé gêgnê divê épi apré tout moun

.

mâjé

é

,

yo

-

é

lòt sèvi moun

been

who was called Oraniel He prayed God and then they started toasting the bride was wine

he

-

kola

yo yo ki

.

ak

,

bôbô

Tout moun

fè

-

-pa li

,

la

-

yo

,

râjé tab

mâjé

yo

nâ

yo pê ,

yo

-

yo lòt

bwasô

fè

fè

-a

.

gê

-

té

tout moun

épi tout Épi apré

mine who had

mine

to

.

nâ li

yo

.

-

kola

Pâdâ you diskou Pastè you diskou épi majistra kominal you épi lòt diskou kômâsé résévwa

.

lama -

divé mélé avèk pral résévwa parên

,

pa - résévwa

kòmâsé

of

yo

Sé té

-a

rié

Dié épi

“ good -by ” to us and they went accompany to the other wedding par ties which had invited them . Before the people began , I had a little friend

said

by

Avâ yo kômâsé moun yo , mwê té- gê you ti-zâmi mwê ki té-kôdisip klas mwê ki té -rélé Oranièl . Li priè yo - a .

103

CREOLE

,

HAITIAN

HALL ]

]

.

[

afterwards they set the tables and they served the people food All the they

When

.

ate

had

eaten

, ,

people

, ,

my

re

it

mother and the other relatives who remained later When became night they took their leave There mained the house only myself and in

.

-k

. -la

nâ

li

.

ta

Té -

-

yo

té . -

pral lòt parâ rété pli ay nwit eskizé vin rét sèlmâ mwê mêm avèk madâm mwê

of

mâmâ avèk

Lò

ki

gêgnê rès fâmiy

.

Té -

yo ,

.

[it ]

there was wine which was left over they drank and then everybody took their leave and departed There was the rest the family

At

He

.

a

he

]

(

,

good

a

supply

He wouldn

.

't

to

get was able money get married

on

up

to

let

to

I

,

.

I

,

got

to

be

't I

I I

until

and that working

me keep

to

li, -m

lajâ

too young

was

would have

I

.

bâ

marié

the time married was still young didn have big enough resources family responsible for for me my father and told put that him

sa

,

té pa

vlé asépté

l-a -té -

. fin

-

m

,

-

marié

lò

-m di -t m m

pou

Li

jiskaské

Our Life During Six Months

of

, .

-m té -

di l-

.

,

m

m l - -

fò

,

jèn

sifi pou Mwê mété

mwê mwề trò kité mwê travay toujou kapab vin gêgnê you bèl

-

dévâ papa

Li fô

gro

you fâmiy

âkò mwê -

gêgnê you

réspôsab

Lò

mwa

té

mwê

jèn sis

,

-a

m

marié

té -

nou

fô

Vi

-pa té 29 té - - .

.

my wife

pâdâ

mwê résévwa vizit lòt moun mwê mâjé avèk madâm mwê apré vin lajâ âkò fini papa

After had got married there was only twenty gourdes capital With the twenty gourdes

got for

had

I

]

and

[

heeded him

I as , I

,

I

,

and

when

give me money

would

.

married

me

told

he

.

to

work

.

la

-

li

.

gê

-pa ,

li

,

.

di -m

-m

married got

té -

fin

-

m

fô

.

,

agree

I

me

gê

ravay épi mwê kouté mwê marié Apré marié sèlmâ kòm vêt goud Avèk vệt goud pou

of

to

I

to

' ve s

, I' for

I

“

:

.”

I

“

? ”

to

consult with my

to

.

to

I

to

:

.”

with my

and consulted

My

he

he

You

He told

gourdes

I

he

't

90 to

50

leather

gourdes

tan

,

worth

my wife

gave

,

to

[? ]

gourdes

it

.

no

paid

,

agree father wouldn attention sent me 150 gourdes With the 150 gourdes bought gourdes and spent bought fatten Afterwards

father

do

fè

-

me

am

as to

.

“

Fen

I

m -

pou

came

of

.

po

Uncle

to to

l-

went down uncle

my

find out what start the work

10

,

-

-

m

mwê

-

m

bay madâm

.

sa

-

-

-

m

tânê épi bézwê

have

for him

a

.

m

-

la

sâ

li

sâ

bâ

sêkât goud mwê Avèk sêkât goud achté you kochô Apré âgrésé pou sêkât goud goud pou achté kat vêt dis

He

100

it .

, .

-

sa

pa

asépté

,

-

li ak -

-

é

vlé

pa

Li

-m

papa mwê gadé

me

would

father

Papa voyé

him

uncle

to

la

to to

give

needed

wè

said

:

house

me

vin

so

work She agreed Then the town went

should

môté

told

money

borrow

I

:

Fernand

my

the house

come for you lend memoney work He asked How much give you told him

-

-

was going

up

-l

valè

I

her the situation was bad , (and that ]

,

kônê

bézwê pou kômâsé travay

my wife , [and ]

called

,

wè

ki fò l- di .

li

:

.”

pou

Mwê

I

money .

to

Li mâdé

di -m

?

ou

."

apa mwê

ap

vin

m

goud

prété

poucou

travay

-

-

sâ m

bâ -m

-a -

pou

-

“ “ W

ak -p -

mwê

pou

ba

mwê Kôbiê

lajâ

m

mwê désân

Li ”

,

Tôtô Fèn

“

. Épi

asépté

the visits of other people , I my and wife ate , and after it was used up , my father told me he had no more

pig .

Li

m -al kay tôtô mwê . Mwê di- l:

lavil ,

, 74

(MEMOIRS

received

.

Fènâ pou - m

travay .

l

mové , mwê pral

situasiôâ

mwê

mwê , mwê di kay tôtô prété lajâ pou -mwe -

madâm

. I

rélé

I

Mwê

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

to

AMERICAN

104

and

what

,

to

; I ,

and

get the

spent

a

I

.

her

sick

lot

order take care get better While

.

to

to in

in

to

a

.

, . I

was with

Dr

]

;

,

.

[ lit

she had

the fever

sent ]

to

)

she died

all

despite

.

finally

to

. , ( ill ,

and

,

ment

speech

]

power

of at

,

.

[

.

to

Claude come and examine her Dr Claude examined her and said she was seriously take her town the hospital When she ar rived the hospital she lost the to

for

,

fè

vini

went

better she became better looking and plumper then she fell sick again with vomiting fever While she was

[

.

li

mouri

pèd

her She came

of

of

,

la

li

,

li

vin

-l

-l

fè

,

Arivé lopital laparòl malgré tout médikamâ

, , -l

vin

-

l-

,

.

-v

m

li di . li lopital

of

,

vin

, li

-a

vomismâ Pâdâ avèk lafièv oyé chèché dòkté Klod kôsiltasiô Doktè Klod kôsiltasiô gravmâ malad pòté lavil

bit sickness doctor take care money cash

.

-

nâ

,

l- -

vini

pli bèl pli Pâdâ réfè épi vin malad âkò avèk lafièv

. li

, . -

la

kob

pou kapab swagné

gro

fè

,

had

swagné réfè

li

,

chaché dòktè pou dépâsé âpil lajâ

li

Mwê

During that time she fell

you

. Li

al

m

, -a,

lè

maladi

vin malad

li .

gro

- li

.

ever she needed

Pâdâ

treat

HAITIAN

CREOLE

105

for

HALL )

to

of

.

or

;

in

(

)

of

or

the Haitian counter Tiger are given first

.

)

]

I

say

't

doesn

Oh

Howdy

he he

(

“

.

my brother and

he

to

he I

's

he

,

:“ 's

you

“

, !”

's

what

,

brother ways once know my brother telling me doesn answer he well Bouqui said Brother give me

,

answer

the

but Do

[

",

,

't

answer

)

, (

a

;

he

a

"

:

howdy

,

.”

have there The zombie answer Oh once my brother telling me doesn answer take Bouqui went into the what find zombie attic and took some salted meat Every day that what Bouqui went didn

s

to

he '

's

the

't

to

]

(

,

.”

, he

he "

't

if

,

:

he

's

(

's

,

to he

.

“

,

? ”

is

't

for to a

to

]

to

-

li

.

Lè

li

,

“

:

di

-

â

meat The zombie she went into the attic the meat

.

she took

, ]

,

[

.” I'm

; of

:

“

to

a

't

and

.

,

,

in

,

."

piece

answer

didn

]

li

,

li

sa

fouré

you

[

“

, . : ”

-

a

li

mê

tân pièj

to

-pa

li la

-

répôn

li

nâ

di -

li

-

nâ

,

fè

-

.

sé -

-

-j

Every

doesn

me

galata

mâjé zôbi dlo pou zôbi kônê sous pou ibiè Kou Boukinèt

Bouquinette

zombie house but said thing you ask the zombie

prâ pralé chaché

Zôbi

viân

fè

li

,

bâ

pa di li alé

.”

alé

fini

Mwê

wife his house and he told was taking her the

answer know that he says yes Bouqinette went fact When she arrived she was hungry and she hungry give said the zombie

zôbi

mwê moso

,

.

viân

grâgou

Lò , li

répôn

-

pa

grâgou

li li

,

rivé

, li

ou

di

ou

, si

ni

kay zôbi mê mênê Tou répôn mâdé zôbi kônê wi Boukinèt éfè

him

He went

pé

sa

Boukinèt

l-a

di

li, li , li

Li

alé lakay

,

's.

,

“

:

't

ba

at

-

pa

-

? ”

!"

zombie One day Good this can be your wife brother where The zombie didn answer Ah once my telling brother doesn answer bring Bouquinette give her me and did Bouqui said

,

sa ka

fè

sé -

Bô

“

ou

A

di

mwê mênê Boukinèt

pou madâm

-

li

alé

Zôbi kôpè mwê

"

, li

répôn

-

pa

. . ,

zôbi You jou Bouki kôpè koté madâm répôn you fwa

pa

Bouki

di :

jou

sa

Chak

sé -

.

.”

' 's I t

prâ viân

brother

didn

, .“

li

,

salé .

prâ

.”

jwên

zôbi

Howdy

zombie

?

-

",

!”

.”

!”

bâ li

gê

la

mwê

galata

-

Bouki âtré

sa

di

“ A

nâ

répôn

li

.

-pa -pa :“

,

sa

-

di li

pa

li ou di

,

?

li

“ A

Bôjou kôpè kôpè mwê kônê bout mwê you fwa répôn mwê biê Bouki Kôpè mwê Zôbi you fwa kôpè mwè répôn répôn

said

't

al

k

“

di

“

di :

li

-pa

.

-rpa

,

li

li

-ap , . ] fè

k

zôbi bôjou

There was Bouqui one day out walking place where passed saw zombie making ropes and

!”

(B

Bouqui

and

prô Vwala Bouki you jou pasé you koté wè zôbi Bôjou kôpè kòd kôpè mwê épôn Mwê

nette mênê

't

,

Zombie

-

ouqui

.

1

6

. 21 .

.

,

of

.

of

Bouqui and Malice their interest variants Tales parts Brer Rabbit and Brer Fox Anansi and and then other tales Bouqui and Malice Stories

,

as

as -

in

in

or

6 . 2. Folk Tales . These stories were the most part dictated Métraux his assistants by informants near Marbial Some them are the subject matter same those printed SCT they are reproduced here for

When

she

go

she

it

;

to

,

he

't

.

in

off

.

:

,

I'm up

,

,

into the attic he

he

;

”

Bou

saw

its

big brightly

him

He yelled

.

at

's

get

to

,

.

it

in

going

he

as

]

appeared

Hoy Look how the scoundrel killed my child now big post He took

quilia

he .

,

yelled

Bouqui Bou

, ,

, ,

,

lisse

ran

Bouquissine

up

Bouquicia

he

he

]

in

his courtyard

him

was nearly arrived “

it

behind the zombie away hurried The

behind

left

when

;

and

's ,

a

!”

,

,

zombie

[

with

and then

head

he

li

Howdy brother something ran appeared and quinette head with shining eyes looking

he let

.

a

-

Bouki rivé

tou

The next

Bouqui

early

go

,

-

,

galata

grêpé galata

lè

kouri môté

!”

,

ap

-

,

-

k

,

Boukisin Boukilia môté galata mê kôpè zôbi vini pou dévoré nou Madâ Bouki pitit Bouki tout moun

and put morning

zom

her head

!

li

lakou Boukisia

,

,

Boukilis

-

li

,

pré rivé

nâ

li,

li

, .

li

li

kouri

rélé Boukilis “

li, li

,

kouri

lè

ral

épi

she fell into the

The zombie cut the attic

trap

go

Li

!"

yâ

-

touyé pitit mwê nô lagé dèyè tèt zôbi kité Zôbi kité dèyè

prâ you grâ poto

her calabash

bie

ran

koumâ

finished

get water

in

ap

-

gadé

!

“

:

gadé

,

said she would prepare food the zombie didn answer but the zombie knew was the spring that had set his trap for game As Bouquinette dipped

had

's

”

li

jé

-

ak

tèt

li

li

,

-g

-

biê kléré

Roy

kouri

wè

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

“

. “

, :

-

,

bò

,

nâ

Li

rélé

a

li .

salopri

grâ

Bôjou

li

mété

matê nè Bouki parèt kôpè mwê pralé prâ kichoy alata kou parèt môté Boukinèt

Dêmê

galata

[

nâ -pièj zôbi . Zôbi

nâ -

tèt

li tôbé li

li ,

kalbas

koupé

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

“

AMERICAN

106

,

's

to

's

he

,

a

let

it

he

!,

, [

;

he ]

.

go

and

when

said

the roof

the house

.

the zombie

I

standing

of

a

But

find

beam

he

!,

from

“

,

the attic

The zombie

another

dropping all the planks had the people hang on he

finished

he

;

myself

burdened

,

a

.

kept standing Bouqui Oh what mess brother here ,

had

head

's let

the he

on

,

;

the

zombie

kept standing the zombie kept

:

.”

-a

,

.

ak

zombie stood there under Bouqui took attic waiting plank wham wham fall

li la

-

“

.

A

-a

di : nâ -

-

nâ

fè

pân moun fétay kay you trêg zôbi kâpé Bouki Ala traka kôpè mê salopri mwê trouvé mwê âtravé

li

plâch galata

,

tèt zôbi Zôbi kâpé zôbi kâpé fini lagé

arrived too

the

into the attic

Well

of

li , -

li

,

vip

li

vip

ba

, . , lò

lòt , sou

li

apé

galata

yo

tout

-

la

,

lagé

lagé you

â

Bô

with

this

During this time Bouqui smallest

's

,

-

piti pitit Bouki

ya

-pi

tâ

-

Pâdâ

sé

.”

scoundrel

,

li

,

tân

plâch

Bouqui

when

.

attic

climbed

zôbi kâpé Bouki prâ you

,

's

to

; ,

us

!"up

's

,

into the attic here coming Brother Zombie who eat Bouqui wife Bouqui chil dren everybody ran climb into the

HAITIAN CREOLE

go

!

go ,

let

he

.”

my .”go

,

I'

to

going

m

hand hurts me

let

“

:

!

, .

bam broke her neck Daddy Later Bouquicia said

,

Li

kò

.”

“

lagé

ap

-

,

m

mê mwê mwê

,

- di :

ta

Pi fè

mwê mal

Papa

pip

see

let

I can 't [hold on ) any more .” Bouqui answered : “ Well then , what the scoundrel will Bouquissine and the

zombie

Boukisia

: “ Daddy , I'm

said

tired out , to

!

li

zôbi

107

, Bouquissine ,

child

as

pip

kò

lagé

Boukisin kasé kou

.

li

krap

li

”

va .fe

Boukisin di: “ Papa , mwê bouké , mwê pa -kapab âkò .” Bouki répôn : " É bê , lagé kò ou pou -wè sa salopri -ya

do so

HALL )

“

:

]

[

,

.

the

Bou

jam

."

a

in

m

I'

it,

resigned

]

Misfor

and

!

bip

broke her neck n

he d

] [

,

[

't

to

!

say

himself

, ,

“

,

, ,

Yes

ll

,

;

"

,

on

I'

m

let

I'

:

“

,

bigger than him Well myself fall him and then he bip he dropped onto the zombie the zombie pulled his body and bam ing

!

.

he

got

,

's

!

]

.

[

,

, !”

Bouqui

she fell

he ,

la

-pa té -

ki

- , ki ti

a

gê

pa t- li -a -

li

adê

Then

!

"

:

ap

-l

!

kò

lè -

gê

-j

ravaj

she said

-

!"

Bouqui

.”

,

Finally

sa

fè

pé

-a

zôbi

t

tlè

nâ

si

pa

. té -

,

li li

-

chaché bwa

alé

,

, li .

-

a

di

li

-

m

li

”

li

li,

-

,

-

li

,

“

,

di :

!

li : “

li

,

di li

,

,

-

-

li

A

-

zombie qui said

bam

kò

tâ li,

kò

sé

,

li

pa

li

.

li

more tune

épi krap zôbi zôbi ralé kasé kou Bouki Dépi yoû Bouki akò Bouki sou

,

Bouki Wi fout mwê âtravé lafê Bouki rezîyé Bô agé mwê gro nèg pasé misié épi bip lagé kò mwê sou

Pâdâ

go

She let and the zombie bam broke her neck During this time Bou Bouqui quilia wife tired from continually changing hands and finally she couldn hold out any

li

zôbi krap kasé kou Boukilia madâm Bouki châjé mê châjé mê bouké lafê Bouqui Malè kapab âkò Épi tôbé bip zôbi krap kasé kou lagé

.

'

little Bouqui who had gone

there

when

the garden

look

who wasn was making

't

in

for wood

to t

a

if

't

,

on

's

he

broke Bouqui neck From that there wouldn have been any Bouqui any more there hadn been

time

the zombie

,

,

,

-

,

how

both when

we

re

and when

Malice

'

“

you

,

carry

Oh

.”

on

to

be

,

.” 're

going

only you

return

he

,

,

When Bouqui had spoken like that called his wife before Malice

he

:

li

rélé

di

,

sa

li

li

ing

, kô -

ni

d

lè

ni

é

we

Bouki fini palé dévâ Malis

Madâm

prayer meeting your back

Bouqui answered glad

I'

kôtâ

-

m

jâ

al -

- , ap

-

n

lè

ni

,

ou

Malis

.”

tounê

Le

m

:

répôn

pòté

n

- ap - -ap

Bouki

“ O

carry me

'll 're

to

,

a

-m

.

-

ap

-

-

,

ou .”

going

to

nou

pòté

"

chè

sèlmâ

,

Bouki mô

Bouqui and Malice had never been nor had they been friends either One day Malice said Bou qui Bouqui my dear fellow we enemies

:

,

ni

.]

jâm

.

jou

plis

,

“

:

Bouki

lélmi You

zâmi

you priè

do

-

sou

t- -

jâmak

di t-

pralé

Saddle Horse

Malis

w

[

Malis

nâ -

-pa

yo

Bouki

nô -pa

Bouqui As

.

2

.

that havoc

't

'll , .

it

,

a

'll

,

,

he

got

on

.

his back spurs the prayer his

,

and

, [

stood

saddled

a

ever

Bouqui how cay under ,

.

,

Malice had

a

When they arrived good time for himself

all

.

-

â

ba

li .

,

Lè rivé Malis bâboché kôt you Bouki mêm kâpé tou sélé pié kaimit

,

yo

.

to

and they set out meeting

go

Bouqui with

pricked

to

-

.

the hot water

you

his mouth

Malice

-a

priè

alé

the way

burn

When Bouqui had finished talking put the bridle Malice saddled him in

do li

ni

li, ,

épi

zéprô

nâ -

yo

pati pou

môté sou

ak - li

nâ -

bouch

Malis piké Bouki -

. yo li

mété brid

sélé

li,

Lè

Bouki fini palé Malis

so on

out

won

he

boulè

cho

kettle , with water put there big noise When come you hear put the kettle you the fire you

(it )

gro difé

.”

pou

ou

you

sou

]

dlo

-a -

kò

-a -

w

sòti

ou ."

- - tâdé

w a

chodiè

-a

mété

w

,

- -vini

m ap

-a

la . Lè

bri

, mété li

dlo

'

fill

lavé gro chodiè -a , plê li

difé,

gro

'

I

lime you

Alò swa

to her : “ Wife , I m going to take trip ; when I come back I ll bring something for us to cook . Then in the evening, light a big fire , wash the big said

a

of

kuit .

-pòté

'll

-

m ap

,

- - tounê

nou

you rout , lè you bagay pou

mwê pral fè

Madâm

m ap

-pa

“

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

get

AMERICAN

108

; , :

of

he

.

ran

,

of

.”

.

a

it

to

on

,

to

on

,

house

ready

.

] to

all

casting

he

, ,

[

he

he of

He

Malice into

was Bouqui who fell into the boiling water

.

of it if

as

were

his

, it. on

.

water was

.

]

[

like that that Bouqui died who had been

to

's he

,

Malice

court

daughter for some days also loved the king spoil Bouqui decided

's 's .

It

fi

ti -

Sa

li . l-

sa

-

té -

t-

daughter

li

.

was Bouqui

ing the king

l-

-

ki

fè

.]

s

It '

.

sa

Sé

-a

but

As

kô -

.

-a

Sé -

- ( té -

.

3

fi

the kettle

kettle

Bouki mouri Malice Rides Bouqui lign apé Bouki dépi jou rwa kèk Kòm Malis rêmê prâ désiziô pou gaté rwa tou pasé sou afè Bouki pou

and

thought Malice kept

was still his back and running When got

it,

-

chodiè

meat

a

he

dlo

mê

flew

Bouqui however

did

ni , .

dâ -

-

la

do

-

li

Lè

.

té -

-a

dlo

tôbé

nâ

ap

-

ki

l-

Bouki bouyi

tou paré

Malis

lagé

rivé

Li

Malis kôtinié kouri kôprâm

chodiè

si

kòm

li

,

sé - fè

lakay

li,

li

mêm

sou

clung

Bouki

a

piece

over the road

toujou

he

,

.

-

ve

I'

,

found piece

meat Malice made Bouqui gallop for himself When found branch which was hanging found

he

,

li ki

li

-

Wife ve

:

-ap

.

l-

â

-

-

li .

maré

Towards midnight they came back Malice gave Bouqui two big kicks with the spurs Bouqui After left the prayer meeting called

I'

,

-a

,

nâ

volé sou

ak -

té -p

chémê

li

li

âdié

.

li

.”

“

,

.

li

t-

,

Vè minui rétounê Malis bay Bouki dé gro kou zéprô Bouki kouri Dépi kité priè rélé Madâm mwê jwen you viân mwê jwên you viân Malis galopé Bouki kôt Lè jwên you brâch bwa

“

yo

.

mite tree

he

't

I

he to

,

it '

can

[? ]

“

:

do

,

Bouqui who you especially guerite that was

),

,

him

But knows anything

everyone

fellow

(

did

he an

).

would like

told

.

dear

and was dying for

notice that Mar the girl name doesn hate the young man Malice answered And show you

)

.”

I

,

if

“

:

have mounted Bouqui just like my horse told him Well my dear

,

that

bridled

,

in

that Among

to

I

,

.

's

,

truth well the girl yours other things invite you

big

a

you

see

I

do

:

“

The king

? ”

,

saddled

all

at

's

I

;

King

I

é

,

how

the girl and how marry her The king

fellow

.

him

(

:

“ A

di -l , sa

fè

showed

my

her

so

't

ou

fè

-

m

,

ou

,

(

ap

fè

li

-

rétounê

asked

,

-

“ É

grå bâboch babako mwê sémên prochên Malis rémèsié rwa épi

-

)

a .”

vré mwê êvité

as to surpass him [ in What Malice was the king for audience

business

affections

,

fiy di - a

-pa

-

M

-

m

.

: )

.

-

ou a

nâ fiy -

-

Âtròt

gro

avèk sèvis pale

mwê wè

pour

ou

. . .

si

mô chè , -

pa

,

? ”

tâkou

ou

wè

mwê môté Bouki sélé bride chwal mwê Rwa

rwa

nâ

fi a

( sé - -

ké

, .”

répôn

rémaké

rayi msié

si

,

ba -a

-

ou

sutou

Magrit tou Malis

kênê kapab

moun

sou

pou

nô

“

âgnê

biệ

tou

chè

- l: - ké fè sé , du

.

-t

-l

ki mô - a -

Mê Bouki

109

. . . , if

,

he

fè , li mâdé Rwa you lodiâs épi li fè - l kônê jâ l-apé -mouri pou épi jâl vlé marié avè Rwa

Malis

CREOLE

for

HAITIAN

HALL ]

)

."

I'

m

in

(

-

barbecue big blow out with service holding next week the palace

Malice thanked the king and went to

of “

,

of

is

I

I

'll

we

,

go

They

. K .”

“ O

:

at

.

Malice

the immediately

well covered

get him

he so

person

,

sick to

a

of

)

neither made two nor three

pose

took

that when

would find under the blankets

.

,

they parted the party

of

the day came

Bouqui came him

]

[

and

to :

him

,

am

I

.

you must

.”

.”

's

lit .

[

li li,

When

king his

“ O

if

;

,

in

me You know that the palace when feel

and wherever

"

.

l: li

-l

.

.

? ”

ou

-

â

biê kouvri dra Bouki gêgnê kôpè Malis

:

to

to

;

like

Malis

sa

-a

,

, ka -

rivé

prâ pòz malad pasé prâ jwên

di -

ba

Bouki

rwa

the

But

that

be there too Malice answered Well Brother Bouqui Bouqui said gether

séparé

li

ni fèt

dé

ni

kâ

fè Lò

-

sé - pa

pou

twa

he

,

he

to

.

,

't

taken you with

come and

shook hands jou

tell you

I

:

forgot

simply

go

ou

di -l

Bouki

tried

Brother Malice the guest honor myself since yesterday the king hadn told you that would have

,

-m

-a

fò

la lò

-a

ou

- nâ yé ,

yo

,

.”

“ É

.” ni : m

al

Yo av -

n

âsâm

bay lamê

Oké

arrived

it,

di

pa . té -

si

;

-

m

t-

,

.”

,

Bouki

biê kôpè

soon

Bouqui give him the news barbecue Bouqui said him see

I

di .

-a

té -

,

m

sé -

-l

“

:

-

d

ké

-

sa

,

épi tout koté répôn

Malis

tou

Ou

as

ak

li

,

ba

l-

babako Mê blié blié kôpè Malis prémié êvité

di -l

, ,

sa

ou

-

ou sé

chaché wè

nouvèl

ayè mêm rwa mwê apé mênê avè palè âtré sòti

vlé

-

m

pou

mwê

kônê

“

rivé

li

-

A

pên

Bouki Bouki

As .

back

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

ASSOCIATION

Bouqui said

bad ,

"

rwa

do, my dear man ?” you expect me What chap resign dear we have

mô

chè

"

'I

.”

-

,

sa

pa

di

"

M

di

ou

,

selves

my

,

_

,

chè

-

rwa

sé

mô

,

-

,

,

fè

" Sa ou mwê pou nou rézigné nou

. . .

vlé

mô-chè ?”

do

sé -pou -sa ou vlé fè ,

to

k -ap - tân nou ka -rwa , sa rèd pou - m pa -kapab alé. ” “ Kôpè Malis o , pa - di sa , mô- chè,

wab . . . I with fever . . . OW . . . ow . . . ow . . . what good food is awaiting us at the king 's, it 's tough that I can 't go . ” “ Brother Malice, don ' t say that , my dear fellow , what do you want to

our

tell you not

say that

my dear

,

gê bộ mâjé

jâ

to

...

way

very

passed the whole night

.

...

Malice ?”

ow ”

m -pasé tout lâ -nuit ak - lafièv

74

, what ' s the

Oh

dear fellow , it 's

my

, , do ,

... way

matter with “ Ah . . .

:"

him

ow

rwa

...

mêm,

pa - bô

sa

ow

mô- chè,

. ..

“

“ A

to

,

(MEMOIRS

you , Brother

to

AMERICAN

110

d

,

to

him

sold

.”

of

,

he

up

.

to

,

I'

d

,

back

put my

to

for

. . .

seated be

,

't

]

(y

our

brother

? ”

!

,

do

. . . on

dropped

well me

wasn

you were willing

saddle

he

's

neck

wham you feel

I

Ah

“

What

“

If

-

S

sou

.”

m

t

mwê mété sèl mwê alèz

do ou ,

. . .

pa

-

m

,

té frè - ?"

ou

Sa

-t -a- “ -a A - vlé . -pi ..

chita

to

on

up

on

Bouqui

the ground

biê

get

.”

" let

tè li ,

-

a

li

kò a-l li

,

li

,

-

!

climb his back Malice but hardly had he got set

him

climbed tled

sâti

grab hold

Let me try Bouqui helped Malice

môté

pên

you could

you

."

d

,

carry

I'

'

.”

m

-

if

“

-m

me

séyé

do li .

-

Well

. . .

té -

ou

. . . si

kroké

kapab

ou .”

É

t-a -p “

Té

"

try

I I'

lot

.” òté

m

"

biê

Bouki édé Malis lévé lésé Malis môté mê lagé êstalé sou kou Bouki vip

here

mount him but you know the other day

jou

sou

If

"

ta -

mwề vấn

my horse was ,

tone

éséyé

ni

-1

mộté

ou

mê

“

chwal mwê

m

té la ,

Si ,

."

fellow

more

I .”

he

]

[

,

I'

.

have

a

me pass

d

let

]

to

? ”

(

;

you

any harm

that

,

if

see

neck

feel good

in

't

don

'd

be

grab hold

you

.”

to

d

I

and

.

do

you feel now

really beginning

But better my bridle over your “

,

sa

-

kôpè Malis

,

.”

,

I' Im'

"

-

“

bô

-t -a nâ - pi -

m

wi .

How

place

wè mal

Bouqui

saddled him

of

.

? ”

ou bô

Mê

pasé brid mwê kou koté pou mwê kêbé nâ

Mwê

gê

t

-a -

-

-m

kité

atò

?

"

then

Malice

-l

li

môté

ou

ou

jâ

sâti

koûmâsé

mwê

“

Bouki

mounted

t- a

ou ou si " ." , ou M

“

Ki

sélé

,

Malis

't if

But had but known that why didn you tell me that once Put on

pa

té -

nô

it

-l

-

,

m

pou

ou

Mété

kôn

.” ki

sa

you fwa

?

m

sa

di - “

Mê

té -

comfortable

,

put it

on

;

back

him

again

of .

you

him

got back

on

)

Well

's

off

thoroughly

he

put the bridle

had

. . .

-

,

on

Time ' s passing ." Bouqui Malice got down

...

(

.

the force

know

feel my feet uncomfortable without spurs didn tell you you don hesitant with me you need Hurry you should finish started

,

;

up

!”

.. .

.

a

,

'

re

'll

:

, “[ If ]

to

,

“

.”

go

.

up

a

him

's

,

],

to

. . . . . he

!

!

"

to

!

.

be

to

to

us it

be to

?

, for

for ourselves

.”

to

like

able

,

witness

both

that

sides

scene

the

the

of

, on

arrived found

they

a

street

to

guests standing

they

:

courtyard

at

,

When

palace

the

two ] .

to

gallop footed horse doing his best belly Everybody held their sides laughing dis When Malice for

[ lit .

-

Do

li .

pfft

.

dè

-

yo

, )

,

get food

. . .

sèn yo

-ap

, k

kêbé vât pou

sé -

a

plédé

has

Bouqui went pfft Malice spurred Malice whipped Bouqui went

. . .

. . yo .

.. .

dé -

pié

désân bravo molmèk bat bravo âpil pou alè désélé vini yo

(

bò yo

,

dé -

Malis

sètadi mèstik

-p

Lò

ri .

.

galopé

rivé

jwên nou évité lari pou asisté

chwal Tout moun

nâ yo

:

sa a

you

Malis

pwèt

Lò

,

,

nâ -

lakou palè kâpé soulé

: do

to

Brother Malice my dear man burning

have time

Malis zéprô Bouki fwèt Bouki pwèt

? ”

.

. . .

!

he

, ,

that

farted

I' Ah , m

"

- -

.”

boulé

m

sa ,

-

kô

fòk

sé -

,

gê

tâ

-

pou nou

we

eat well my

Bouqui reared pfft pfft pfft me like What are you doing the whip

. . .

,

sa

m

“

kô -

-ap fè -

w

sa

sa

“ A

,

? ”

“ O

kôpè

jwên mâjé pou nou

chè

he

,

his

. . .

get something

Bouqui we must faster trot When they were nearly ready arrive then Malice there belly dug his spurs under Bouqui gave zing crack and began

that

mô

still get

dear man

with

Malis

Brother

you think we eat Malice

,

-

still

got halfway

they

My

dear

.

pété

pwèt

't

,

,

-

kou

. . .

you

When

said

Malice something to

mô - :

. . .

,

biê

”

-pi yo â

msié voltijé !

!

!

ou

,

o

? ”

. .. . . .

pwèt pwèt

vât Bouki

pasé

Bouki

fwèt

. t. .

zéprô

li

épi

prèt pou rivé ba

-

.

Malis fouré

tiouk

li

atò

Lè

vit . é

,

-

sé -

koûmâsé troté

Bouki

Bouqui

to

-

-

n -a

, -a -

“ N

pou maché

chè

they left

[ lit

sâ

yo

. .

“

di :

yo

li

ni ,

fin

pasé zéprô mâdé difikilté épi Bouki asépté pati Kâ rivé mwatié rout Bouki Mô chè kôpè Malis jwên mâjé toujou Malis kwè jwên mâjé toujou

on

Lò

Malis

If . . .

,

now

around fwèt

' ' ve t

. . be .

I

't

Ah

to

“

hurry we fool find any food left we won When Malice had finished putting whip Bou spurs asked for qui agreed without difficulty and then

,

-

-

p

ou

nô !”

. . .

Si

sé -

, vit

fè

nou

apé jwên mâjé âkò

up

-pa

ou

ou

di

.

, ..

fini

mizé nou

bézwê

pou

koûmâsé nô ,

jènê avè

vit

. . .

ou -pa

.”

I

-

. . . Put it

Brother Malice on

habit

.”

-

Fè m m , -pi

sâti

zéprô

sâ

m

111

when

âkò

m

ou

,

li

sou

kônê labitud

mêm

“ A

-pié“

. . .

Atò jênê

Bouki , li bride -1

sou - do

rémôté

li

Malis disân biệ bridé

ap - pasé . ”

. . . Lè

“

nô , mété

. . . Mété

CREOLE

he

HAITIAN

HALL )

him

[ lit .

him

,

,

,

,

ve

I'

s

it '

,

a

-

to

finished

he

celebrate

the

,

had

had

,

,

to

.

of

night

fellow

on

lasted poor

.

all

he

, in

. . .

,

which

son

her officially

dance

work

But

when

,

long time paying any attention

he

to

stayed

he

't

and weren

fool

,

But Bouqui must have been

a

,

he (

,

him went out and when had broken the rope with which they had tied him then ran away

,

rwa

I' ll

-

big

a

.

When

my

Marguerite

called

betrothed

they

saw

the

spec such you cer

get meanwhile started pile potato peelings he the

yo

-

l

pédi

's

to

he

.”

tâ

.

pa

ki . fè -

sa

that was what made him lose both daugh food and party and the king

's

,

-a

fi

-

ni sé

, ,

Bouki sòt bâboch

ni

A

ni

fòk

mâjé

witnessed

Bouqui however

-

la

-

yo

,

.

li

sòt

li pi

,

li

li

, -

-l -l

prâ rété biê lôtâ sòti kasé kòd épi sové maré

,

.

,

to

Then

]

[ po té -

,

,

-p

ak

yo l

té - ka kô

wè

five years

dear fellow tainly deserve become

engagement

il

“

:

!

ve

My

tacle

threw

débrouyé

,

to

a

him

.

. . .

In

first time

Malice

kômâsé âtré patat Mê

in

a

of

As

on

's

the twenty

he to

.

ploma

been governing this country

I'

.

ou

-a

ak - li ou

,

.”

among The king said him My dear man since other things you showed me that what you said give you your di was true

ments

and

pòv

the gentleman

himself they carried him their heads take him before the king They held fine reception especially for The king the king daughter wife the king everyone fell making him compli

law

Bouki mêm

had

tree then they potato skins

.

yo

té

sa

ou

-g -

m

di - -

:

di -l

ba

-l

bucket

they

when

for Malice

.

.

,

li

,

-

m

-a

. - .. fi

ofisièlmâ pété you grâ bal diré tout lânwit

li

,

fini

fiâsay

Épi

ki

pou fété

parèy

asisté

mwê

bò

vin

fiâsé

l-

.

Lò

diplom

ouvèné péi

dévâ mérité

chè

mérité pou rélé Magrit

Malis

m

fè

Mô

fwa

li

.

spektak

, - -

-p

-

â

rémié

pou

pé

!

-a

sêk

vên

la

nâ

-

m

vré

Dépi sé

fi

, ou

.

kôplimâ dépi

Rwa

spésialmâ

rwa tout moun tôbé Rwa âtròt Mô mwê wè

. . .

-l

fè

rwa

,

chè

pou

-

bèl résépsiô madâm

you

front

.

.

-

-l

pou mênê dévâ rwa

“

pòté

tèt

sou

fè

a -

mém

Yo

Malis

ou

Kât

sé -

set

big

finished

).

Bouqui; tying

unsaddled

to

po

)

bokit

gro

.

bwa épi yo patat dévâ msié .

mounted , big bravoes (that is to say they applauded very much ) for him . The servants in the palace came, they

a

mété you

for

fini maré msié nâ- you pié

yo

to a

Bouki, lò

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

of

AMERICAN

to

112

Lando

,

King

's

The

he

With

much that every day

loved

it

In

Love

Child Bouqui loved Lando so

Lâdo tèlmâ Lâdo bèl

litani

Bouqui

.

ké

.

Bouki sé -

rêmê

sèl

Rwa

“

jou

Pitit :

chak

s -ô

,

rêmê Lâdo

Rêmê

li

.

4

.

ter

Bouki

was

HAITIAN CREOLE

Lando is a beautiful is a little angel. ” In the

didn

any speech

't

know

yet

, "

of

,

for

of

off

to a

, it

, ,

a

't is

,

see

he

.

't

he

, ,

didn

and he

to

]

[

he ,

ate

he

,

's

he

house

he

all

byto

his affairs

Bouqui

,

he

he

everything did like that during five had

On

;

.

't

so

,

to

to

] he

up

,

.

hungry

he

, him ,

sòti

Little Malice was

he

l-

li

lè

volè

when finish

days the sixth day however met Little Malice going his house and started tell him how things were bad with was

, [

-pa

li yô

gêgnê

]

,

[

a

on

, li, li ki bô

sêk

found

.

sa

-

,

touni

volé tou

gê

komâ afè

li

-

-a

fè

li

tou

li

mêm

everything

,

ki t- sis , -ap ki jou

passed

jou

môté kay

ti -

,

li

li li

grâgou

diré

outside

li

, ti -

sa

fè

ki

.

sa li

tou

li

, sa

kô -

kòm

One day

fini

pou

déò

l , -

ké

jou

ak -

Yô

Malis

râkôtré Malis tâmê rakôté amizé

he

,

;

.

's

to

,

,

to

at ]

is

,

to

(

't

listen

kept shady character was and making little visits Lando se cretly Malice wouldn know

tout bagay pasé kay Bouki mâjé gêgnê tout bagay Jou

." I'd

[ he ] to

to

a

“

:

it on

was

a

li .

ti -

lot work dissuade Uncle get his mind order the girl since beautiful girl who has money too

who began

boot like Lando can love man ugly and who who without any thing all like Uncle But Uncle

.

-

pa

,

-

-

time

Malice

didn

jwên

her

found

was quite natural took Lando house From that

in

”

yô

sé -

vizit

movè zafè kôtinié Lâdo chat pou Malis kônê

â

nèg

kou Nôk épi nèg

wè tâ -

,

pa rân -

li

,

tâdé

gê

ki

fi

di -

sâ

li

-

-pa yô

li -pa - ,

ki

Mê Nôk

lajâ âkò

rêmê

tou

-a

ki lè

.

-

s ô

,

fi a -

é

âyê

lidé

wété

kapab

Lâdo

sa

,

sé -

,

-

li

,

lèd

tâkou

bèl

question Uncle but this Lando yours must be beautiful person

,

that Malice

fè

dékôséyé Nôk piské

fè

like you introduce me Uncle was only too glad

pou

,

,

“

.

to

make her Malice however day who heard every Lando finally Lando asked this little

rêmê mwê kônésâs Nôk trò kôtâ trouvé ké tou natirèl mênê Malis kay Lâdo Dépi pakèt afè pou Malis tou tâmê sou

to

he

:“

,

-

,

yo

-a

ou

ak - t .li -a

,

litany

, Lando

”

,

”

,

:

sé

dwé

ou -

mêm

sa

tâdé chak pozé Lâdo fini Nôk mê Lâdo bèl moun mwê

,

“ ti -

késiô

-pa jou

ki

mêm

” sa -a yô “ “ yô

Malis Lâdo

113

a single

person end

moun , Lâdo sé-ti- zâj.” O -bou - d -kôt li pa -kônê kilès mo pou - li ba li âkò .

"

HALL ]

he by

he

a

,

was stark naked there was thief who was amusing himself stealing everything had when

kòm

vlé

;

in If

"

ve

,

' :

to

all

him

if

a

to

me

said

that they terrific big dinner as

re

'

vited

you go

I

to

't

ll

,

take you but remember got any horse that haven Uncle quickly answered that he

want

I I, '

li

.”

-

jâ

ti -

Malis

yô li

ké

vit

chwal pou mwê alé kapab sèvi

",

-

,

ou sa

.

had gone out Little Malice hungry you

on

-

si kô

,

m

,

ap

-

-

ou

sôjé

-

ou

Si

"

li :

-

gê

-pa

Nôk répôn chwal Mê

.

grâgou

kokên chên dinê mênê mê

ti -

m

ké -

mwê

nâ di

Ti -

êvité

a - m

yo vlé

Malis

réfizé , mê ti-Malis wè ké li nâ -tèt jwèt li , li désidé mèt kouvè li avâ

Malice

acted

grâgou kêbé li .

wanted

to

could

that

saw

mind

in

decided

make

to

set his

to

.

m

:

; I "I '

if

to he

;

ll

his to

I'

't

,

all

'

i( , 't .e. he ." 't

he .

't

in

isn

he

,

to

,

to

;

]

as ); he [

do

say

of

't

,

because

' at t

,

go

. . to

on

to

that subject with Lando all Bouqui Mayi was going stay there But the very day for them to

-

Then

stopped

the barbecue that Mal Uncle for himself had suggested

ice

to

,

the barbecue

he

nâ

,

li

hear

Uncle

Malice was almost he couldn ask get that and he couldn

himself

di

,

a

t-

Malis vini

kab

Lando

that she preferred words from the lips

onto

, -fè li l-

ki

,

paské

saw

hasn

hungry

answered those

Uncle

razè biê kôtâ

kab kouté

torn

that thing into her face told her outright but that didn make Lando wanted Lando

li

li

,

-a

babako

get

can

smacked

go

li di

-

-y al

mêm

see

from

pants are completely anything eat Well when one day

, .

, ké fè

li -pa

-

-

.

fè -li

vlé

-pa -

,

a

he if

of

a

to

do

,

,

.

him

she

to

said Lando that wanted have barbecue things that would for her lot to

sâ

sa té

ki

l

ti -a -

yô li

si

fè - ké

. -

alé yo

-

-

a

Malis

pakèt bagay

li

li

di

nâ

yo

,

sa

-

ak li -pa

é

-a

, la .

vini sou bagay Bouki Mayi

jou pou

jou

kôbê lajâ pias twa âpil moun

-

ak

he

if

Uncle tell Lando that Uncle can make love shape All because away

to

tou

,

. -pa ,

di - sa li

-

Mê

té -

t

-

ava plézi Lâdo

mâdé

had

, he

her

li

figi

babako babako ké propozé Nôk pou

Lâdo

he him

he he s

li,

tèt

,

Lando

wè Lâdo sa

-

rêmê pâtalô

.

yô pa -

mâjé

li

a

l-

kab

Lâdo

tou

rété

as

, but Little Malice

make this plan

Nôk

Lâdo maché pou Lâdo répôn préféré tâdé paròl sila bouch Nôk mêm Alèkilé Malis prèské baré piské kab mâdé Nôk pou sila

somewhat

refuse

table before hunger seized He had another thing which passed through his mind going said to

sa a

-pa

kab

mézi Tout

sila

pou

sou

li, -l ,

bagay

Nôk nâ jou gê

li

lè

.”

plaké

nâ -

ki fè

pa -â ké

li

chiré

plâ

Lâdo

-a -

m

, , li

li

fin

Lâdo paské Bô

m

-

ak

dékolé

grâgou

li

pasé

lò

. lòt

yê

m li - li ap di : Li di si “ gê

bagay

Mwê pwal

bagay

as his horse . But Little

serve

sport of

wè

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

him

AMERICAN

114

Lando who but very happy asked him how much money that might cost Malice told her three hun might come dred gourdes because

,

]

displeased

;

up

to

find

to

that the found any horse

at

hadn

him

,

present

Malice went

told

't

and

]

,

Uncle

in

,

all

.

of

a

]

[

the meanwhile

he

ou

li

li

déja

Ou

people lot Lando made her preparations and she was waiting for Malice

with

[

-pa

jwên

di :“

mwê

-pa

.

Nôk répôn

tân

li,

mêm

-l -yé a

ké â

tou

,

-

toujou

Malis

jouk kou

râs di -

li

chwal nâ

jwên

pâdâstâ

li

,

Nôk

di

;

Malis

tout préparasiô

fè

Lâdo

l al -ap

,

he

;

't

wasn

[

.

,

would give her pleasure

115

all .

mwe ? "

'

“

:

I

't

to "

,

I

be

to

.

of

,

set

is

is

at ,

]

to [ ?

all

feel

't

didn

at

[

he

,

to

] to

.”

, ,

,

without but Uncle Bou

spurs

;

.

he

't

on

of

put

could

Thereupon

, ,

he

.

tire himself out anything wanted

needn

him

]

he

, at ] he he

.

,

).

Malice ,

Uncle firmly come and see displèased

,

was

the next day Malice

married

,

I

a

. ]

[

's

that what went see and they gave me kick and sent me

;

Lando

(

,

on

to

him

was

to

]

Lando

When

courtyard he

's

he

(

.

fiancé

and

[

he

]

[

,

dismounted tied and called Lando

her

]

,

,

.

he

he

spur

Lando where

't

so

When was arrive made Uncle woozy

ready

[ did

's

house

much came into didn know

on

wanted

with the guided him

him

he

to

where

, lit .

then

Lando

[

( or ]

”

-

under

from

climbed

to

,

,

zou zou

spurs

had

kick with the then when quit and Malice a

!; he

.

After

gave Uncle spurs ouap from Uncle lay down

went

he

,

on

his spurs

on

put

,

Little Malice went back into the bush put and the bridle saddle

he

't

qui didn understand anything things He told Malice

those

he all

;

,

without

nearly

isit

-m

saddle

at he

, ,

-

pié

yo

ak

kou

t-

m

ba -

té

yo

,

t. al -

wè

sa m

lé sé - -

voyé

say that

comfortable without bridle

"

li

li .

,

li

, .

-

,

li

lakou Lâdo kônê Malis maré Nôk biể maré rélé êdispozé Lâdo vin wè fiâsé Lâdo lâdémê Malis marié Lâdo désân

plain

;

fè

Lè li

li

-l

koté

but

]

-

sa -a

tâ

fè

.

li

zéprô

-pa

, li

li

,

,

li

-a

sa

-a

li

-

nâ

Nôk âtré

zouzou

dirijé

pwè rivé kay Lâdo

tâ k

gaga

Malis

ba

,

li

.

li

Lè

vlé

kité

dépi

Nôk

sou

dépi

,

,

,

li

lagé

âba zéprô

pié

wap

tâ

Nôk

pasé

zéprô

,

yô

.

-l

pasé

li

Dépi

zéprô

out immedi after they were under Brother Malice began com

way

[

pa

di

ti -

li

,

a

sa

-

li

, .

li

sa li

bézwê fatigé mèt mété tou vlé Nâ tou Malis râtré nâ rajé mété brid sèl mét

where

the house

They

fiancée

,

ap

-

-

,

Bouki Malis

taken

understand why Malice be give this caution Uncle Where

on

kò

,

sâ

nâ

tou

brid

Li

.yo

sa

li

,

nâ -

-

tou

mê Nôk

pa

-

di ap -

,

yo

sâ -pa

, li

ké

sèl kôprâ âgnê sâ

alèz

zéprô

mount you you must be

let yourself

the barbecue

pati mê dépi your chémê diately kôpè Malis kômâsé plêyê sâti

m

I'

gins

able

,

, -

sa a

, - . ”

sé

,

If

.

-

ki ,

m

la

ki

-ayé

-jou a

"

-

wish

koté vlé kôprân pou tout moun Malis kômâsé bay prigad Nôk kay Koté babako fiâsé Jou

he

sé

,

ou

kapab kité kôdi

pou sa nâ -

mwê môté

pou

ou

Si

“

?

mount me

re

Uncle answered You you you still joking didn tell could

,

W- a -môté

CREOLE him

HAITIAN

]

HALL

he

Uncle had

,

and

the best clothes

]

Sunday

, [

was on

,

li

mê

Voilà

Bouqui put

a

.]

,

-

bèl rad

Nôk

gêyê

! It

té -

you dimâch

ké

Bouki mété

,

,

,

Vwala

-pi sé -

(

.

5

here

Bouqui Malice and Monkey

,

jar

!

,

It

.

't .

if

de he

he

,

.

to

he

[

,

to

he

At

it

]

,

.

set

.

a

at

;

he

,

of

,

, a

he

he

up

oh

oh

a

!-

in

,

,

:

]

[

as

? "

,

Oh

's

't

it

a

isn

,

,

oh

;

,

he

a

a

so

"

,

“

answer

it do , (

.”

to

:

he

? ”

an it

;

Bou

:

earth

Then Uncle

"

he

by ,

he

He was

Howdy

Brother

his tail

]

to

out

of

't

he

get him

him

Uncle Bouqui told

the give

it

do

,

to

,

would grab and get Brother Monkey who little innocent hastened the hole

,

hole

to 't , .”

way for

him

,

,

I'

ll

's , it

something me yes for me now return the favor you one day Brother Monkey said he couldn didn see any

,

Monkey

eye

said

. he

-

hole have

big

came

the hole with said How

saw

which grows eyes qui hastened

him

sâ

.

li

as

. a

can

.

,

sé -

- di -kap ké -a

lighting

over heels into Monkey

eye inside

astonished

out was

p

tree

Brother

Now

single

Kôpè Makak

-

big

Bouqui heard ran and ran he lost his way he went

passing

ap maché diskité wè vwé ké

nâ

li

,

,

Diskité

,

nâ -

li

, li

li .

-

sé

laké

sa

tâ

-

la

.

,

prâ moso êposib

saw

li, di :

ki

-

l-

.

, li li

a

-

li

,

fin

kôpè Makak

li

li

lè

di

pou

déò

bole

of

jâ

yo

-a -

-l

Kôpè

soon

a

,

pa -m “

,

.” fè

nô

jé

,

.” pa

li -

pou

Nôk Bouki épi ava sòti

kêbé

-

li

Li ,

yô nâ

li, -la

wè

trou

Kôpé

Kôpé Makak

jou

,

déò

ké

li

li

li

,

-ap

-

jé

â

-

sa

kapab

ba

Épi Nôk

Little Malice dis

flash

and said Bouqui With The Oh Burned Buttocks that the king been looking for for three days climbed

and fell head

Makak mêm inosâ pwésé rân Bouki sèvis dépi lôjé ké Nôk plotonê plotonê plotonê ké Makak mê

ti - -

nâ trou

sézi

répôn

wi

mwê

ou sé

,

mété

li

pwésé

-

li

pa

-

a

.”jé

yê

latè mêm

rân

m di li di -

yô

ak

-a

Bôjou

Bouki Makak

tèlmâ pousé

like

and ran until

"

di :

li “

gêgnê

plip

appeared

ni . li .

trou

day

fè

-y

gro

pasé Vwala kôpè Makak vini grên wè trou dédâ Koumâ you trou kap

for

di :

yo

,

li

,

A

,

li

,

ou

nâ

töbé

l-

alé

,

li

li

,

? ”

rap rwa chaché dépi twa jou Nôk Bouki tân kouri kouri pèdi chémê bout pou kouri jouk

bout

that

hunt

Malice Malice went into hiding but he

. -

nâ

li

yo

pa

li

sé -

Boulé ké

Bôda

out

set

him

ti -

li

,

nâ

-

a

-

t

“ O

Bouki

and

kill Malice

trap for Uncle Bouqui One Uncle Bouqui came upon Little Malice rice swamp flew

Nôk Bouki kôtré Malis lagô diri volé plip sou Malis disparèt kou kou gro pié bwa zéklè môté jou

returned

had happened

clared had very time

“

sa a

li

a - Yô , , yô o , ap , , ti ,

sé -

.

.

mêm

the butter box

all

Bouqui

Uncle

what

to

li

,

tâ fè

mété chaché Malis Malis mêm tôbé pièj kaché mê tân Nôk Bouki -

Nâ

touyé

opened

finished

When

la

,

déklaré ifòk

li

di -

Malis

fè

Bouki tounê

Nôk

kôstasiô

li

Lè

[

and

.

he

,

went off

]

he

.

.

get married with Uncle had bought But Little Malice acted he didn Bouqui understand When Uncle

as

.

, li

-a

he took care to tell Malice not to waste his butter You understand well You understand butter was big five pound butter which

to

li

, tâ li -

viré

but

-

,

liv

ké

.

bè

sêk

Malis

ti -

li

-

Mê

tâdé Kou Nôk Bouki ouvri bwat bè kaba tout

kou

-

fè

marié

pa

-

sé

bè !

yô

pou

Nôk achté

li pa Ou tâdé

pou biê

bè li. Ou tâdé gro mamit

.

di Malis

gê prékosiô

gaspiyé

.

li

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

a

AMERICAN

116

117

;

he

he

as

on

)

Brother piece the

said

was

im with

get along

he

it

of

a

to

he

't

,

. he

was

told

.

to

back

he

all

,

Mon

I

,

eh

let

foot

.

to

take

-

his

,

.”

,

Uncle any have sense

tail

if

,

take the tail who never was Eh go

:

Uncle

“

said you

to

foot

,

when Little Malice tree following this

,

a

take

't

want

to a

go

was going

doesn

have thought that Brother departure was wind that

air ], [

stayed

passing

saw

.

Bouqui

Uncle

up

Brother

Little Malice

above

in

's

a

Monkey

lit .

would

(

's

to

he

game

,

the usual who was

able key

good deed returned

a

was

it

that

,

,

soon

take

couldn

with evil

conversation

la

rété

rivé

had

in

.

Apa li

. li

lò

,

,

li

solèy

stretched

out his tail After much discussion saw

sé -

-

,

kouri

li

? ”

,

gê

“

,

li

-ap di :

-

k

, ,

-

le a

â

jou

-a

-pa

ap

té

.

li

-

-a

,

pasé

rwa chaché Rap Bouki tân

Boulé

kouri

ki li

he as

vâ

possible

,

tail Brother Monkey

,

té -

(

-

a

-pa

Monkey

péi

-

nâ

but out

tail

completely

Éé

Bôda

dépi twa

Monkey

Nôk mêm léspri lagé ké kôpè pwâ pié vwé mwê

Ti -

Bouki

for Bouqui

service

out his tail and immediately Uncle pulled and pulled pulled and

-a

-

jâm

this

;

t-

,

li

si ap ti li -

,

lè

pié

gê

a

vlé

Makak pou pati kwè kôpè Makak kôpè Nôk Bouki wè Malis mêm rété

kouri

tout

suiv

Nôk

ki ou

ké -

pa

pwâ kap

mêm

,

sa nâ a

té

ki

lodiâs pwà

pwalé

Malis

.”

-

nâ fè - , , yô li di :

rékôpâsé

jwèt kôsâti pié bwa yô “

sé

mal

biê

râtré

CREOLE

's

HAITIAN

HALL

,

? ”

's

it

Isn 't

:“

he

]

Bouqui the and said With Burned Buttocks that the king been looking for for three days Im mediately Bouqui heard he ran and he came the has no sun he

when

,

which

re

ran

country

to

and

;

ran

to

a

he

,

on

“

“

.”

:

I

?

he

:

him

this very

you don

find

get

I

'll

,

die

said

that

't

you

see

if

evening

,

Uncle

to

,

same person

The

Well

to to

I

a

,

is

little rascal have kill him for me kill

to

a

him

on

to

]

and

[

afraid

immediately

he

.”

is ,

out where your brother good terms with him But Uncle got

,

lè

.

-m

tle Malice way find

.”

,

-

a

ré li

li

-

Why are you still him the outs thought with Little Malice was your brother Uncle answered Lit

,

yô

Ti -

p -a -t

- yé -ap lè ki -

mouri

poucou

he

.

mained there One day when was walking along person who said heard

“

yô

li

ou

, m

-

“

li :

sòti

, ,

“

tâ

ouyé

Êbê Nôk

pè , ou w

a

-

di

,

la li

-

Nôk

jwên

Malis pou kosilié twa mouvmâ kôtré Fwè mwê biê avè

Li , ti di :

.

A

”

li .

-

ak

-

chaché dé

sa

p -a : - “ té -

,

-

ki

“

ap -

mêm

-pa

-

swè

pou

chaché koté fwè

Malis

ti -

a

s -Ô

”

moun

Mêm

ou

si

ap

l-

Nâ

mwê

fòk

touyé

pou

tâdé toujou

kwè ké Malis

Nộk répôn

mwê wè ké biê

Malis mwê

polisô

môyê

li .

ak

kôt fwè

di , ou .” -ti ké li : l

ki jou

Yô sé nâ - - té -ti -

moun

maché Pou

was

, in

Mal

on

good

good terms

do on

I'

m

, , if

Well

be

Little Malice an to

,

be

,

on

't

wasn

“

.

him

,

-

swered

times

The Eternal Master

I .

you

me

die .”

with

isit

he lit .

[

:“

to

terms with me said

wè

My

said

recon

met Little brother

)

He

get

two

to

for

.

three movements

, : I'd if

,

li . di ifò

Little Malice Instantly

ciled

toujou m

voyé

looking

yo

yo

-t al

yo sa m

pié

t-

-

ti

ou

Ti -

té -

li .”

dé

.

tèt

kou

avèk

Mésié Sé

you tèt yô

-m - .”

-a -

sa si

té a - tou

nâ bâ -m -

Dépi

-bié

Malis répôn

Nôk pwésé dèyè tèt

mwê vlé

wè lâmò

lè li

ka

fè

tou

pou

si mwê pa

biê

mouri

ou , m,

Êbê

“

ou li : wi ,

avèk

.

di mwê ,

nô . Létènèl mèt

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

ice

AMERICAN

118

thick

.

]

[

.

cy

,

a

of ,

on no

it

he

.

was

go

[

he

. ]

[

,

to

,

to

,

a

him

said

to

kill to

says

one

kill

Uncle Bouqui

take the one who that because his

is

He

'

;

Well we

'll

fattest

save another

.”

,

“

:

said

to

one

we ll

,

to

find meat

have our mothers the Good Lord them

both

we

in

us

of

"

:

,

.

to

if

;

want

you

a

make

evening

them

the .

One

for

to

.

of

to

's

,

mother was thin but Little Malice big hulk mother was woman Little Malice said nothing him a

fè

, té yô

l

ba -

li

kômâsé

li

li ti - .

biê avèk mâmâ vini sou pwê

tion

.”

yo

.

Malis

swa pou dépi lajounê Malis tân kô Nôk Bouki sòti You

,

to

;

to

]

,

: di di :

Li

.

,

fâm

- Ti -

piès

was tired

them settle that matter He said Uncle Bouqui Uncle my dear fel the same situa are low both

,

-

-t

a ”

-

gra

-pi

ki

ap

-

n

,

di

mèg mê mâmâ

té -

sa

li gro

mêm

said

and that eat meat

business

Little Malice who knew that Uncle Bouqui was tricky customer said that there was only one way for

of

yô

sèl

dé

.

di

li

,

ou

-

si

ka ,

,

bô gê gê

dé

Nôk

youndi

ké li,

tafia

nou

Bouki

o

mété

yô

di , li - li la li li, , té -

ti

-pa -

sakrifis râjé zafè li

prâ

âyê

chè

Nôk

paské mâmâ

Malis

lit

”

yô

n

,

Êbê

sa

“

lévé

sila

tou vlé mâjé viân ouyé mâmâ nou mamai touyé youn pou touyé Dié

a - lòt .

-

yôn

yo ,

nâ

-

-

nou moun tou dé

Bouki

ké

di

li

,

yo

-

“

nou

nâ - :

mêm

mô

Nôk

Li gê

ké

ki

Ti jâ sé -

kôné

nèg movè zafè pou réglé bagay

nou

,

,

,

Bouqui

Uncle

,

, ,

,

there was terrific clone which lasted fifteen days and clone which addition that one found any thing green eat was avocados and little inferior bananas that every body got along One fine morning

ing out

Nôk

gave

they

and

One day

that

Bouki

That

thieves

little kick and sent me here

in

, -

nâ

-

.

-

li

li

-b

li

nâ

Yô

.yo

di

-d

li -

ké

bô

ti -

ap

,

pouyak zaboka vèt bânân tout ébouyé moun matê agay sila Nôk Bouki bouké mâjé pou mêm déò viân

Malis

Since

have

.]

mâjé

sé

-

siklon

siklonn pèsôn

,

-

âyê pou

jwên

chên

chên

sa a

yo nâ -

épi

tou

jou

,

gê

jou

yô

[

Yô .

6

ki pa

diré kêz

Own Mother

kokên kokên

,

.[

see

I

to

went

a

me

Bouqui Eats 6 Bouqui Bab

].

been

n

ways

as

these gentlem

.

[i

both

,

then

what

death was

impending

's al

saw

.e .

behind his head

his

he

for

,

to

.”

I

yes

say

to

terms with you you have everything want Uncle hastened

good

)

he

(

, ,

his

,

it to

a

he go

,

;

.

was towards seven the evening more less Uncle Bouqui had not yet returned he was still out But

,

his

.

,

he turned her out

yes

so

. (

Little

doll

said

!"

Little Malice

Un

Yes

,

,

“

:

that When

to

he

appeared

Uncle

Malice

yarn

rag

a

a

hank big

Uncle

stuffed

of

then

mother with she was like

]

he

,

,

and

,

bed

mother

's of to

Little Malice shifted another bed

"

."

was

When

in

Ti .

“

ké -ap

-

n

-a

Wi Nôk

in

-y

:

-

a

sôjé

ké

extent that she began since three clock the afternoon

,

ak

ti -

- .” -pi“

Ou

gra

sé

ké

di

di

li

,

-

“

.”

Nôk

,

“

Wi

fini

got heard Uncle Bouqui out gave her well with his mother liter taffia she got drunk the

of

-

.

,

li

tâ

,

li

té ”. -

Malis nou mâjé

,

Ti

-a

,

li

li,

li

li

rété déò mêm châjé mâmâ kabân wi dékouché ou bân épi bouré mâmâ Nôk kotô kou you gro popé magotôn Lè Nôk parèt Malis râtré

sacrifice , Little Malice since daybreak had been arranging affairs when

'

vè

-ókò

p

o

Bouki Malis

or

kô - sa , Nôk

he

Lè li

té -twaz - è apré -midi .

di- swa

119

in

li

dépi sèt è

CREOLE

it

HAITIAN

HALL )

remember

.”

,

“

,

sleep

he

ah

her

's

to

,

tle

.

,

,

]

[

,

.

off

"

:

's

.”

,

he

head

.

's

]

[

,

and

woman upon

he cut off Immediately

the

,

crying

came with the machete little hypocritical burst

of he t'

to

,

,

his

old

they set

of

]

left the

.

He

't

didn

look

for

Little Mal

,

.

When Uncle got man who was always -

was

he

the rest

place a

he

in

greedy

his

and

[

,

Bouqui with

Uncle meat

the

sky

her

hid

he

,

his mother

shook

went and

in

he

or

.

it

,

eating

.

's

on

of it,

body By the old woman meat Uncle became drunk When was towards mid night more less Little Malice got

dint

as

,

pa

ré pa - -

li, li Li

gave

,

al ,

sa

li

,

fin

li

,

al

l-

gadé tèt wè ké

cry

,

, .

dâ nâ

,

l-

-l

li .

, -la

,

•

-

pèsôn

rélé

Lit

used

your mother machete cut head yourself Little Malice didn

up

,

,

t-

, -

-

-

Li

li

lè

ti -

-

rob

pèsôn

!

li

ké nâ

mâyê sispèk

-

-

grâ moun

tout kay rélé Malis ak

.

pôn

mâjé

fini kaba tout

chaché mâmâ

nâ

Li Li

.

répôn

pasé

li

nâ

-

mâmââ

-

viân

Malis Sé

viân

chaché

. -ti

rès -pa

-

s -ô

ki

-

-

ak

li

nâ

,

li

.

minwit

souké mâmâ kaché sièl kité Nôk Bouki rès viân nâ koté Lè Nôk lévé toujou goumâ kòm nôm

mother

Little Malice He called Little Little Malice come with the

called

Malice

,

ti -

fè

nôk mâjé viân

té

Lè

lévé

mété

fòk vè -

,

li .A

-a

. -

sou

Malis

-

vini

Mésié

kô

moun

yo

grâ

Malice

went and felt flesh felt that the young lady was plump He

up

.

-pa tèt Ti

“

Ti -

,

li

la

-

sa

li, li tâ

kò

Dépi

li

la

-

mâmâ krié

Malis

.”

Li

li

l-

,

-

:

.

rélé

Malis

mâchèt kou krié koupé tèt grâ moun

-

ipokrit

ti - li nâ -

mâchèt pou koupé

mêm

-

,

ou

vini

gra

Malis

rélé

-

ak ou ak

vini

Li

a

li

, ,

sâti mâmzèl

-ti

ti ti -

Malis

kônê koté mâmâ mâyê alé

kouché

kôn

-

Bouki

Nôk

Malis

viân

ki

.”

it

“

cle ? ”

that we just said that was the fattest that we would eat Yes Uncle Uncle Bouqui who knew where You

,

[

,

saw

it

; he -

He

look

.

and her was his own

head

's

oh !

oh

-

woman

He was

went

to

,

the old

he his

but Little

]

he

;

that called

called

answered he

no

;

one

suspicious

somewhat dress

He

answered

.

one

Malice

74

(

he

It

all the meat

throughout the house

mother no

eating the had

was when

for his mother

looked

at

MEMOIRS

finished

.

li

,

finished

.

ti -

tou

until he had the meat

rest

up

Malis

-

â

mâjé mâmâ

ifò

li .

té -m

li

li

,

-

sé

âjé Nôk Bouki mâmâ vlé fou ké Bô Dié fân kat

ASSOCIATION

of

pa

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ice

120

AMERICAN

]

to

he

.

't

food

had

a

clever

the sky often

;

up he to to

go

he

he

was

had tricked Uncle like

didn

he

,

;

that

when

take and give

his mother whom called Pruden put cine and little sister whom the sky just for her able look after his mother Each time he needed see mother started

,

)

(

s

,

, it '

."

oh

."

he

let the chain from me Malice

,

-

oh

:

Prudencine

above down below

-o

-

sing

“

mi

â -o

-o

" sé

mwê Malis

chên

-

lagé

Prudâsin

ba ,

to

to

his

.

to

in

to

be

he

his

]

[

ké

sè

ti -

li

after

]

-

li li ,

-

li

châté

:

li

mâmâ

prâ

li .

-

li

nâ

-â

mâmâ ké rélé Prudâsin kapab mété sièl tout pou okipé mâmâ Chak fwa bézwê wè

Little Malice

But man

[

pa

,

dépi

môté sièl mâjé pou pòté bay

,

lè

-

,

li li

sé

souvâ

gê sa - -sé a

nèg malê

-nâ li

Malis

ti -

Mê

paté Nôk kou

fin

's

,

in

(

.

had eaten Uncle Bouqui though went mad even the Lord split him four had eat Mal ice mother too mother

pou

Malis

-

chêm

Prudencine let down the chain

.

Prudasin lagé

for

he

he

;

on

[ lit .

,

),

it

,

]

. , [

to

's

went

.

]

an he

;

let

.

a

to

(r

discouraged

the blacksmith have ing put around his throat

iron

Mean

Little Malice was communicat with his sister and mother the

while

Malice

little

voice

was

so

sky

in

ing

's

-

A

down the chain Uncle

,

.”

. o

Malis

did not

Bouqui was not

,

-o

mwề pou

-

sé "

vwa Malis bèl lagé Prudâsin

chên

she

-â

sè

-

ak

Ti -

épi

Malis Prudâsin lagé chên Malis lagé

happened Prudencine too but bigger voice than Little Malice Prudencine recognized his voice and

had

,

.

li .

-

Pâdâstâ

Now one day Uncle Bouqui was standing watching sentry duty he heard the singing called

.

fè

gro

nâ

-

lap nâ

-

: .

ba ,

-pi

gê

,

.

-

nâ

kominiké

ti -

,

yayay

Nôk Bouki kay machoket

,

Prudâsin

li

chên

-

épi

Prudâsin vwa

rékonèt vwa

gòj

sièl prâ

mi

li

kô

sa

mâmâ

â – o

mêm

-

ti -

Malis

li

sé -

alé

,

-

fè

pou pasé

rélé

Prudâsin chên

-

li

pa

lagé dékourajé

li

t-

,

tâdé trouvé

mê Malis

-pa

li,

pasé

ti -

,

tou

Nôk Bouki

jou

châ

,

li

Vwala you faksiô

-ap

.

Malice

the

,

s

,

,

he

[

to

.

,

he

,

so

.

he

was almost

,

espe

throw

to

taken care

him

't

's

go

a on

,

all

he ,

,

,

hot

his

Bou

beautiful roasted the ground which

Uncle Bouqui saw that wasn able leave the potato picked bent down but im mediately his voice changed When

he

;

,

!”

:

,

and

he returned

to

,

to

run

blacksmith the blacksmith jumped Uncle he told him was stop rascal told him didn picking things the business

called

too

his

he

voice

Prudencine

off

al on of

a

.

the road

Bou ]

,

,

bent down bread and

. [

then

the piece

He

was

spoiled

but

Prudencine

[

picked

be

.

to

care

the middle qui forgot everything

he

another Little Mal drop piece

him

, of

ice had taken

yet

saw

thing which tempted bread

't

]

,

most arrived

he

(

,

in

he

put the hot iron when Uncle Bouqui had

smith gave him

' . t

,

wouldn ever able the sky The black

up

climb

up

if

to he of

ground

the

for

,

he

,

on

's

;

the

?

's

that Uncle

Pru

the voice she said voice Op Uncle

[

't

Isn

started

he

up

called Prudencine

dencine recognized

]

as

,

arrived

he

.

,

he

,

to

.

't

he

for

it

cially

,

,

up

,

his

for see

let

.

-

,

sièl mwê koupé chên

when

found

up

-

ti - .

-

nâ t- , ap li

véyé

but

told

shouldn

his mouth clear Uncle

into

remain

had

;

.

ba ,

li

-

lagé

Malice

brought

he

shop

straight

in

ré -

yô

li

la

-

mi

sa -a

ti -

should

qui left there potato

“

, - -t la -

, - té . li â. gê

,

li

â o

li

prâ

,

, ;

Malis

him

a

dè

,

prâ

;

pa

li

Ti -

li

-

, a

-

la

chên

pou rivé

-

.

-Sé li,

"

di

âkò

vwa Nôk

sé

li

-

Mê

pwét

Nôk

Malis

lè

,

,

pou

A

.”

pa

chên

rékonèt

-

dâsin

rivé

Prudâsin lagé chên kou mêm Pru

-o

mwê Malis

lòt

Nôk

nâ

li .

pê

, -âpê ,

al

li

-a

:“

sé

kay machokèt

réisi Prudâsin lagé

pou Malis

li

a

-

nâ

fè

fin

ki

yô

oblijé

sa

li .

Li

Li rélé Prudâsin

Lè

bagay

tout

ramasé moso

jâm

mitâ chémê bésé gaté tou vwa Prudâsin kouri dèyè

moso

blié

li

,

-pa

, li

li

,

. tè di -a si

la

-

-

s ô

li, li

tâ

lage

Bouki

Fwa châté

li

-a li

op

!”

sa ?

li

,

“

bagay râmasé kapab môté sièl Machokèt zignê pasé pou cho Bouki preské rivé wè bagay âkò tâté Malis

he

,

li .

li,

,

.

li

li

,

li

,

, li

di : di

bôdé sou Nôk kité métié

mêm

visié

and

Pru

Little

Uncle Bouqui had just

Now when

-

fèk

nâ li -

sé -p

li

di

li

té -

tâ

li

.

kapab

chain

left the blacksmith

voice could

cho

soon

the

her

put anything

tou

down the chain

into the sky

mother

Nộk

kité patat bésé râmasé mê châjé Lè rivé kou sito vwa rélé Prudâsin Prudâsin rékònèt vwa Apa vwa Nôk Nôk kouri rétoûnê kay machoket

ké

down

jwên

jété espwèsmâ

ké

li

-

boukânê

Malis Nôk Bouki wè

machokèt

climbed

to

ké

-tè a

a

pou

bouchli

rété klè pwé rivé

lè

patat

bèl

alé drèt

,

-

you

sòti kay

-pa

li, ké li -

kapab

, li

vwa

Bouki pati mê

gê

pou

Nôk Bouki ou âyê mété

li

sé -

pou

Malice and food

pa

Vwala

machokèt

dencine

from

me Malice

go

Prudencine Ayayay

Pruden

“

chain

( as

oh .”

let

,

above down below for Malice

:

began

down

]

cine -oh ,

as ]

beautiful , and he

he

pòté

of he

li

]

li ,

mâmâ

121

let

al wè

môté nâ - sièl mâjé pou li.

CREOLE

it '

HAITIAN

HALL )

go

me

the

down

, Ah ,

.

to

,

let

,

above

,

down the chain from Malice Prudencine

.

let he

.

's

“

arrived Prudencine

it 's ,

him

.

;

sing

This time

he

the

started

obliged

again

when

:

t-

pié

He was

blacksmith

succeeded

to

.

yo sa

- ti -

kou

ran after

he to

tou Nôk

, Sé

Prudâsin

moso

â

-m

,

yo

.

nâ

Nâ

isit

m

-t - al m

tôbé wè

voyé

vwé miyệt

yô

Bouki

.

k -ap -môté ”

bâ

-

nâ , sé Nôk koupé chên

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

sa -a

AMERICAN

122

's

s

to

in

.

.

,

to

That

gave

me

a

it '

,

up

.”

I

bits

they

and they sent me here

.

,

little kick

's

Bouqui and Malice Get Bird

[

.

cut the Uncle

Thereupon

Bouqui fell smashed what went see 7

Uncle who

Prudencine

truth

in

,

chain

's

me cut the

climbing chain

's ,

It 's

“

, ,

s

it '

to

.

.

let

]

[

't

.”

Malice

,

for

like that Pru dencine didn recognize Uncle voice and she down the chain for him But Little Malice was watching When Uncle was ready arrive sky the Little Malice said him chain

up

,

“

, if

,

do

'll

for

,

re

'

it s

see

' to , let 's ,

:

he

a

's ,

,

not

you

(

all

,

,

up

for go

but

greedy

too

a

of

.

all

to

to

have time was only

'll

.” ,

fill

of

'

so

or

if

go

.

in

it

is

is

for

, 's

,

s

a

it ' a

on

is ]

s

[

It ' )

.

'

o

so

it

o

we

eggs

Uncle

." at re

real its

bird had had time

was

to

went

fly In

that

it

,

at

clock that they

.

Which made

'

seven

to

.

fused

it

up

,

'

o

:

to

at

]

go

[

,

and said Malice better seven clock But Malice who knew that the bird might not be yet that hour

We

the o

-

ak

,

ti -

Lè mê kalité Malis tân

nine clock our too happy

'd

.

li té -

ôz è zé

-

ap

yo ba k -

tân

what we you

Uncle

know well not thing big that tree there country bird which the size laying day busy eggs which But the time come towards ten clock the morning Which makes that we after seven about you

eat

gê sèt

sé

a té -

pa

, à-

, , .yo a zé

mâjé

you

,

si

sa

-

a

fè

ki

Sé -

kò

yo

bwi pié bwa prâ trâblé

pié

and

should

ity

.”

-a -

parèt

pèsôn

jwen

kouri mộte

rété mâjé

mêm

blié

zwazo

ké

Malice got beauti

and came out dolled fully called Uncle Bouqui place you decide there

a

pié sé k

kô

- fè

lè

-

dépi

one day Monday

Voilà

“

zé

yo

volè

a

.

Malis

Mésié

tâ

,

sa

-

vini

Réèltémâ zwazo yo

"

ké lè , yoa, ki

réfizé

li . . -pi ,

è

yo . a

zé

jouk

bagay

bwa plédé pôn

nou Nôk kôtâ nou alé Mê kônê ké zwazo kap pòko

Pito

volé nich Bouki toujou

kô

a

,

fè

Sé

- . .

di kô -

-è

pou nèvè

alé

bwa

pou

péi pou

ki

Mê

matê

Malis Malis tâ è -a

yô gro

-ô -

grosè

joune

mâjé kôt

lévé

-ap

-

sa n

,

Sé -n

ki

tout

sèt

li la -

yô

,

“

diz zé

zwazo

désidé

mê

âgwé kônê biê

li

ou ân

.yé trò al

wè

lêdi lévé Nôk Bouki

rélé

,

gê li

ki

-

sé

Vwala Malis sòti bèl paré Nôk koté

, jou - sé si ap li pa n trò n sèt - , - -pa ou è ap .” - alé ki gê sé , gê vè yô ou ou , , : di tâ

yô

.]

Eggs

),

when

of

;

up ;

he

he

to

it

a

,

huge rock and

it

,

with

then

dropped

.e . .

[i

to

the man drink water

the Mistress

the

of

-

took

Bouqui had begun drown

arrived

rope and tied

a

, ,

in

tied

,

tyou boom

he

flew

was going

When

took

but

escaped

, it

,

.

death

Jacmel Bay Bouqui firmly which

him

told

he

,

him

drop

un

.

,

a

to ]

shake

Little Malice heard and the bird caught Bouqui with

it

,

'

o

(

,

the bird ap kind noise

clock

such

the tree started

]

that

[ lit .

.

for

)

was about eleven peared but with

to it

,

-t -

ate eggs they ate eggs forgot themselves When

he

-

they

he

pa

al fè

li

,

-m

t-

wè

voyé

gentlemen

him

, yô

-

, sé - di :

,

ou

sa yo m

pié

kou

li

,

ou

- La , sé

.” -ti -

,

li

déò

tou

to climb the tree . Malice stayed below waiting the eggs They the

til

yo

-

.

yô

tou

mété

li

kité sót lèspri pou moso

123

nest, [and ] they didn 't find anybody . Bouqui, always the more thievish , ran

[

prâ

li

épi

dâ

té

-

la

la

-

,

-

-

tèt

mê

déò

la

. bâ -m ,

yo

Bouki isit

li

dlo

nâ

mété

m

chaché

-

sé

pou

mété promèt mwê ou

-

ou

,

Bouki

-ap lè

,

-ap

“

bwè

pou

maré tiou lagé nèg Bouki kômâsé métrès dlo parèt

roch

li

kokên boum

prâ

, ,

Bouki biê maré

maré

yo

li

li sekou , zwazo prâ Bouki , li volé ak li, li di li li pwal lagé li lâ -lâmò . Lè li rivé lâ -lâmè Jakmèl , li prâ yo kòd , li maré Bouki biê maré , li kòd

CREOLE

at

HAITIAN

HALL )

of ,

bit

.”

in

little your head There a

also look

put

to

sense

for

you must

a

'll

ise

I'

ll

,

:

“

,

Bouqui Water and said put you out but you must prom me you leave off being fool appeared

she did something for Bouqui put she him out that what went see they gave me kick they sent

,

,

I

's a

,

to

;

,

upon

.

me here

.]

,

“

:

,

' .

]

put

said

:

into

(

certain

]

he you

a

at

Bouqui what know

answered

:

to

[

and

? ”

you need

the sack

and

throw

Bouqui to

was

at .

wasked

] [ of

,

m

On

I'

,

back going

Malice

.”

Why

Malice

his

, on

)

place

lifted

arriving

sea

place

the mouth

tied he

,

him

[

Malice

the

in

he

.”

I'

ll

,

re

,

he

a

firmly

,

? ” gê

-

di :

sack

do he

.

la

-yé a

tli

,

sa

pestering me too much Bouqui took finish with you today sack made Malice get the you

"

,

, li

bò -

ti -

Bouki tâdé

ou

tèt

-

pou

Malice was always annoying Bou qui One day Bouqui said Malice

“

li

li sak ,

,

la

ki A

”

fè ou ou

,

“

di : “

Sa

-

"

,

.” -

bézwê mâjé

rivé you

bézwê kônê pou tèt you pié mâgo

nâ

“

di :

plên

lévé Malis Malis mwê

ou

:

Sé -

,

nâ -

ki

Malis

répôn

maré

li

- li di . : ,

li

,

lâmè

koté Malis mâdé Bouki

Bouki

avèk

-

-

sak

biê maré

ou

-

do la

bouch sak mété sou pralé voyé

Malis

fini

you

dédâ

â

âtré

Bouki m

Bouki

Malis

,

jodi

-a

tròp

prâap

You

âbété

nâ

.” -m .

Bouki

jou

ki

-ap

[

.

8

Big Klaus and Little Klaus toujou Vwala Malis âbété

Malice

on

).

-

a

(

in

on a a

. of

,

be

to

a

,

in

in

to

a

's

“

:

? ”

,

s

,

It '

on

his ”

.

a

if

;

on

:

,

off

“

.

I'

out

.”

got

Mal

getting

:“

;

,

. 's

the

all

the sack

he

,

in

Malice tied the firmly and then the Spaniard mule he went

on

got

in

ished

of

.

of

Malice

,

on

it

into

the

: :

m

said

I'

today

. of "

you

fool

sea

Bouqui arrived

throw

he

-

going When

Bouqui

,

acting like

yelling

started

a

,

You

Spaniard

Carajo

!"

The

Carajo

]

,

[

back

he

with cows When Bouqui came down from the mango tree put took the sack and his

at

“

:

ou ? ”

ba

Open

The Spaniard

sack

to

bò

-

la

li

, ,

âtré épi

the

The

ani

mouth

li ou

, ou

" O

Paré bay

What

the ground me Malice doing you the ground

self

,

“

di :

di :

you

asked

your the Spaniard Get When the Spaniard had fin

said

.

épi - li la

chèché

-m li

t-

;

lâmè kou

lè li

bouch

mwê

Malis maré pòté Bouki rivé mâdé Bouki Kôbié pou batô Bouki sak

Malis

.”

Bouki

.”

sak

Wi

dâ .

ou

-

-m

.”

Bouki Malis

di : fè

t-

batô

dlo

,

- :

, li

-a

bò

-ap “

gâ

-

di : tâ

la

té - .

twa mil goud alé voyé tou

jwên ân

té

voyé

sak “

-m

âvâ

nâ -

bâ

twa kou

-

ou é

mêm

-

mwê

ki Lè

.

-

ki -

té sé sé - - -

Malis

Bouki Malis ?ge ”

ak - nâ

li

Pâgnòl

said

and

tounê fini mâjé Apa

cows

herd

some magic give you piece too want Spaniard said yes and got mal Malice told the Spaniard opened

t-

.”

-

Malis

jwên

bèf

Bouki

Malice

the mouth

!

Lè -a

ou

-

“ W

ap

di : la

-

.

-

!” li

do

Pâgnòl rélé Bouki mwê pral voyé

passing

.

, Lè

la

prâ

,

li

prâ sak

The Spaniard

sack

that turning itself “

di : :

.

.”

-

.yo -

-

tout bèf

-a

milèt

sou

'

“

-

“

li

môté

was

there

was going sell time The Spaniard saw thing shaking itself

:

li

ou

m

ba

,

k

, ,

si

:

-

é

ou

Lè

mêm

who came was leading

[ it ]

ap a - -

? ”

a

li

sou

li

,

that

kalaro

dlo

Spaniard

mule

sòti

lâmè Bouki rivé lâmè bay pâgnòl twa kou batô épi

jété

eating mangoes

was

Lagé bouch

ak

épi

head , and beautiful little mango tree loaded with fruit He put Mal down and he climbed the mango And the time that Bouqui

Bouqui turned his

ground . ”

he well

Malis

, , :

li

la ;

,

nâ

Âtré

pié mâgo

jodi

bétizé

désân

alé

di

biê fin

la

-

li

mété

Kalaro

koupé

Malis maré bouch

maré

pâgnòl

"

lagé

âtré

Bouki désân

li

Pâgnòl

Pâgnòl Pâgnòl

la ”

Pâgnòl sak

di

.”

. .

- -la

Malis

Malis

di ou

, ,

â

tè -a

-

“

sak

vlé

wi

Pâgnòl

moso tou

Malis épi-

-

Malis

mwê mêm you pwê

bèt

. -tè a

nâ

-l

-

viré

-

k

Sé - Sa

“

kò

ap kò

souké

you

Mal

it ? "

is

afterwards , Malice again asked Bou qui where he was. Bouqui told him . Malice said : “ You can put me on the saw

bèf ké li pral vân bagay k -ap Pâgnòl mâdé you sak

lavil. Pâgnòl wè

: “ Where

ice answered : “ You can keep on walk ing .” Then Bouqui continued with Malice on his back . A little moment

a

ki

pâgnòl

l-ap -kôdwi you -bân

need

.

ap -mâjé mâgo , gê you vini ap - pasé sou -you -milèt,

Bouki

É - tâ

should

he

a - tè .” Bouki viré tèt li, li wè ti-pié mâgo biê chajé . Li mété Malis a -tè épi li môté sou -mâgo -a .

mété -m you bèl

is in

he

" Ou mèt

you

a little man the plain , in case Bouqui to eat . ”

account of

on

to

di:

Malis

: “ It ' s

heard [and ] said

ice

li.

êdiké

-

go tree which

.”

Bouki

said

ll

mèt

Ou

re

:“

répôn

off

Malis

“

ki bò li yé ?”

maché toujou .” Épi Bouki kôtinié ak -Malis sou - do li. Yô ti-momâ apré, Malis rémâdé Bouki ki bò li yé .

MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

“

“

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

ice

AMERICAN

124

the edge

HAITIAN CREOLE

eat the Spaniard

me myself

Yes

it '

s

said

,

't

Malice

.

's

cows you Malice that

,

used

Aren

“

said

be

completely

Bouqui

“

with

to

to

When Bouqui returned Malice who had had time

.

into the

he met

,

sea

the sea , he gave the Spaniard three blows with a stick and he threw him

:

,

and the three blows with

me before you threw the water made me find three said

:

.”

's

go

let

,

“

Bouqui

gourdes

thousand Oh

and throw me too Get your sack ready give

Mal

a

sack

,

;

the Bouqui

asked

many blows with

sea

edge

:

he

the

arrived

of

Bouqui

he

carried when

to

he

.

it

in

Malice tied the sack and then

of

the mouth

to

“

:

Malice said Bouqui looked for ice and then he got

." ."

in

a

stick you gave

me

in

: “ Ou mèt bâ -m vên .” Malis fè Bouki kôté dépi youn jiska vêt kou t -batô , épi li voyé Bouki nâ -lâmè.

répôn

125

? ”

HALL )

a

:

give you

,

stick

a

blows with

he

to

.”

“

? ”

I

“

stick shall Bouqui answered You can give me twenty Malice made Bouqui count from one twenty How

and then

threw

's.

,

all

a

It

't

.

to

all

to

On the day they were

go

it .

's

it

to

;

.

They clothes went order new clothes made for themselves but happened that was one and the they went without one same tailor knowing whether the other was there get their

happened

Malice meanwhile said Uncle you say you

're

How

,

the tailor him

it

measured

,

that Uncle Bouqui met with Little Malice

clothes

's

,

to

. .

y

-a - -a di .

ké

? ”

tou

w

,

Kòmâ Nôk

Tailor One day wedding but Brother Malice and

The

Bouqui

Brother Dog also chanced that these gentlemen didn have any good

“

al

sâ

alé

yo

;

la

Jou pou trouvé Nôk Malis kay tayè

Bouqui

they invited they found

:

yo

Yo

. .

bô

yo

gê

tout

trouvé

.

sèl

mê

tayè

mêm

é ti - -sé lòt

si ak yo

“

li

isit

ou

kôn vin

di :

rad

Bouki râkôtré Malis pâtâ

-

méziré

la

yo

kônê

rad

yo

jou

Yô

, .

-

-tpa -

-

ak

fè

sé -

-pa

yôn

pou

trouvé Trouvé

At

.

-

.

-

nâ

.

9

ké al ké

tout mésié rad nèf kay

greedy and The Spaniard died for loving

stupid magic

Kay Tayè mariaj mê êvité Bouki kòpè Chê tou kôpè Malis Bouki

bay

Pâgnòl

sòt

to at

Bouki mouri pou saf mouri pou rêmê wâga

, .

ak -

.

Bouqui into the sea Bouqui died for being

AMERICAN

126

- - -mariaj

ki

mwê

the habit of coming here too ? ” .

in

Yes , Malice , but it 's the it's (the fact that ] I 'm going “

first time,

wed

to a

ding that makes me come here and yourself ;

fè

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

? ”

-

ou

;

-

é

-

la

isit

mêm

fwa,

sé -prémié

mwê pwalé

sé n ô

vin

, mê

Malis

? ”

Wi,

“

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

re

I '

put out Dog

I

,

much

meet Brother

to

in

”

very

like

shouldn

.”

-

too

Oh

“

-pa t-

,

la

-a -

-

a

“ A

,

m

kôtrarié âpil mwê vlé kôtré kôpè Chê isit mêm

Well we both here for the same but think that Brother Dog

reason is

."

tou

“

,

dâ

-

-

la

chê

it , 't , , I 'm . ."

kòz

pou mêm

la

-

"

,

Ebê nou tou dé mê mwê kwè ké kôpè

,

.”

to

,

“

find the boss tailor just tell me what

:

,

to

Uncle ran dear man

My

,

s

he '

upon

Brother Dog coming here The tailor who didn know too much to

on

time

(

,

'

.” , all

I

he s a

,

,

“

:

!

a

at

to

, ,

't

,

,

to

at to

for

? ”

't

Dog

he left

say

full

to

it .

to

,

,

he

;

in

going

to

worms

;

of

.

goat full

Bouqui saw that his heart hurt he

he

in

him

,

called the little goat asked what had put that condi

;

- :

-t -

him

him

sa

-l

li

m

apé

Malice Bouqui came

his turn

,

l

when

in

kè sa

-

,

mâdé

répôn

was Bouqui who had something

settle with

a

It

.

-

ak

li

-

Ti - ,

you

to

ak

.] gê

-

té

ki

's

-

Malis

meet

kabrit

jadê Malis

-

li nâ

,

kâ sa ti -a .

kabrit

éta

,

Nôk

-mpa

“

-l

kimété

kôt

Bouki wè

rélé

him

Goat

râkôtré sou tour vè ,

plê vin

Bouki

nâ

- . té - [B

Sé 10

-l

fè

ouqui

coun Well

never went back the again lost everything for that wedding Uncle never

succeeded

Bouki kabrit mal

.”

for

as

't he

,

to

.

[

] as

,

sa -a

-

's ,

,

tailor and

li

Nôk

wait

he

li pa

-

li di

,

mariaj

li

,

a

-a

pou

,

jâm

-pa

speed

réisi alé

man

you want dear fellow why don Brother Dog what does that see

to

-pa

,

li

pèdi krak kâta

behind saying

plop

out

you matter Uncle didn anything more

kôpè

myself

who was hidden

jumped

my

plis Chê bagay jâm kité tout boulin pèdi krik toûnê kay tayè âkò

Nôk

he

a

“

Dog

,

-

“

time ter

tâ

-

ki -

wè tè : té .”

-

A

di

pa

ou

Êbê kôpè

he may

meet At the finished saying that Brother

ou ? ”

-

kaché

-

-

,

ki ,

volé plap

come tomorrow But wouldn like

tân

Chê

kôpè chê

fè

, -

mô

tou

kôtwa pou

l- ,

dèyè

sa chè yô

fin

vlé râkôtré

nôm

s ô

mêm

,

mêm

vlé a

mwê

li

mwc

di t-pa sa a -a - -

“

Mê pou

him

:

said

isn

't ,

should answer man who may come today like

He

=

what

or ]

he

't

,

? ”

is

time

“

.”

démê

You better talk with the boss for going come right soon There

's

lè

gê

, -

sa

kap

di

-

? ”

-ap

vin -pa

li

kòm

-a

,

-

“

-

“ S Ô

ki

ki

,

-pa

lè

-ki

jodi

vin

kap

di li :

, -a

a

,

:

-a

trouvé mèt tayè Mô kôpè Chê mwê vini isit Tayè mêm pou tro kônê répôn nôm

li li

-a

,

Nôk kouri chè mâyê

“

li

ka

,

-a

tou

-

ak

patrô

La

talè

.”

pwal

palé

ou

vin

“

right here Pito

bop !; he said

he

,

",

up .

,

he he to

,

,

[ lit

.

to

.”

since

. . .

"

,

, m

it

“

Well

right

say was since Bouqui had meeting that with the little goat that he took the decision never seek quarrel again with Malice They

a

.]

a

;

,

when the sorcerer came he able heal the girl but

,

said he

to

;

sorcerer

made for her she get well They sent for

.

to

able

]

(

,

as

a

,

wasn

be

-

li

li

t

li

-a -

t

lè

,

-

fè

di

fè ba -a -

.

a

sa yo

, -a

li

.

ti - ti fi -

they

remedies

'd

,

tôbé malad

pou kapab tout rémèd voyé you géri Yo chaché bòkò kapab géri bòkò vini you lâg mê fòk pou jwên makak Tou rwa

king who had Voilà there was daughter beautiful the moon one day she fell sick and despite all the

't

fi

ti -

gê s

you

a

yo

you

-pa té -

, té -

rwa

sé

Vwala bèl kou lalin

Tongue

'

and Monkey

li, jouki li li té -

Malice

[

.

11

.

.

it

,

I .

up ,

:

to

all

it it 's

him

today

eaten

to

Malis

-

ak

sa -pa a

désiziô

pou

l--

fè

-l -

-ti

ak

kabrit ké

prâ

chaché kôt âkò

jâm

râkôt

sé -

di

dépi Bouki

s

,

it '

food for you Malice answered

Yo

As

has ended going make be

I'

]?

”

. . .

"

waiting

tell me

he a

,

quarrel we had

:

little

you

mad dog went his hand

around his neck and Brother Malice that

said

to

him

passed his arm

stopped

I I

.

all

.” I

“

:

he he

Malice

arrived gave him

.'

fè

soon

said

Thanks brother

ran home like

and

that

heard

m

ou

dépi

, -m

-l

-

“ É

biê

jodi

di - -a

M

âjé

Bouqui

the little goat

to

:

-

ti -

,

-o ?

li

pou

sé -

-l

nâ

li

,

pra

diseased

When

, as he

ou

ti -

di

li

,

li ,

tâdé

ni :

répôn

biê

chê

he

,

so

.

I .I

,

all

,

sé

Malis

li li

A

-

mâjé pou

rivé

kaba

ou

-â

té -

gêgnê

li

"

:

-l

ba

di -l li

épi

li

,

Malis

kou

kouri

maché sou lâmê pasé bra kou Kôpè Malis kôt nou pên

-

“

li . ",

Mèsi frè

fou lakay

sa

épi

Then

.'

' ll

see

it

on

three times and

continued mine When felt crushed that went bed right away That day night The next had bad dreams morning when got found my

body kabrit

't

,

.

]

:

you

“ [ ?

"

,

he

me

to

.” -

m

-

sé

spat

I

-

,

kâ

-

,

m

fè

-

a

-

Lé -

.

m

m

sa

.

.

m

touswit Jou mové rèv tout lânwit lâdmê matê lévémwê malêg jwên tout kò mwê

went his way got home

said

the

”,

I

,

bed your pardon won any more Nevertheless said goat

tâdé

do

: 'So that 's the way you , goat do it little .' ' Oh , oh ,' I answered , by papa , I was only tast him : 'Good -

rivé lakay sâti kòm mwê tèlmâ krazé ké mwê alé kouché

Kà Bouki

: " My

The little goat answered

uncle , in Malice 's garden I was walk ing , I was hungry , I stayed to eat a little leaf of sweet - potato . Malice came [and ] stopped me. He kicked me ,

he

.

-

-l

Lò

-pa

li

fè

pa

baré-m . Li frapé pié -l sou mwê, bop ! li di: ' Sé-kô - sa ou fè -l, ti kabrit . ' ' Â , a ,' m - répôn ni: ‘Adié papa , sé - gouté apé gouté m - tsèlmâ , m - mâdé ou padô , m -p -apé -fè sa âkò .' Malgré sa ," di kabrit -la , “ li kaché sou mwê twa fwa , li di: ' Tou fèSatâ w -a - wè -l .' Épi rout Mwê mêm kôtinié

.

tion

127

ing

kò- m , mwê té- grâgou , m -rété you ti- fèy patat . Malis vin

pasé

mâjé

CREOLE

I

HAITIAN

HALL ]

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

ASSOCIATION

a

;

he

,

fell

,

queen

,

;

mon

of

a

friends

left

gather

d

provide

I'

:

My

] lot to !”

,

began

there were

,

keys he said

he

,

]

,

a

big [

in

saw

he

forest

queen

onomatopoeia

fwêk

The monkeys when

and

(

,

queen

“

:

little entertainment for you you don know whether

'd ,

but

't

be I

to gê

,

-

!”

a

.

's

]

arrived singing Dance

when

that

heard

mandoline

a

-

:

t-

pa

-

“

di

ti - li si

fè

-

t-

a

,

, li

lè

Makak koûmâsé sâblé wè âpil makak Mé zami mwê you amizmâ pou nou mê mwê kônê nou kôtâ

Malice

“

li , o

,

When his little

he

-

o

,

“

:

rèn

, to

got

]

he

, .

he

's

a

to

.

his fortune half his kingdom the person who would bring him tongue little monkey

(

ti -

nâ -

li

,

sa

li

;

rèn

!”

fwêk

Rên balêsé

lè

li

ni ,

tôbé châté

mâdolin

grâ bwa

, 74

a little mon (Despite ] all the king tongue find little monkey Finally promised wasn able

key ' s tongue

half

Malis tâdé chaché pati you rivé

(MEMOIRS

they 'd have to give him

't

li .

ti -

ba

you lầg ti -makak li pa -kapab . A -lafê li promèt mwatié fòtin li, mwatié rwayòm li bay moun ki pòté lâg makak

he did

AMERICAN

128

to Oh ,

All

“

a

.

'

o

( or )

he

.

to

he

,

,

,

.

, , few

a

and

He fell

to

returned

.

he

his

,

-

his frock coat

days later

the unlucky went away lawyer a

himself

ran away

[? as ],

)

(

,

.”

is

]

, ya

-

with

and Damn

Well

me

disguised

he

li

Li

person

[

li

dégizé

épi kèk koma jwé tôbé violô mê salopri

said

"

Malice

dévên

-

â

nèg

li

,

li

li,

makak toûnê âkò

“ A

yo

di :

.

li

play :

]

's

“

[

.”

,

ing the violin but the monkeys said Ah here that scoundrel come back

,

â

avoka rédâgot jou apré toûnê

alé

,

Tônê

,

Bô “

di :

, .”

- sé -

Malis mwê

ala

monkey escaped

he it, he

,

.

's

on

he

ti -

.

kouri

turned around turned around put his foot blop the little mon key neck The little monkey yelled and by turning quickly the little !

.

ti -

viré rap

,

,

Ti - li

li

,

li

-è

makak makak

-

,

,

li

kou

viré

,

in

,

sou

pié mété makak rélé chapé

, ti -

you minwi makak alé blap dòmi Malis viré viré

a

. Vè

a

)

,

in

!"

be

:

the monkeys answered pleased we Then Malice fell playing his mandoline and little moment the monkeys fell into circle Towards midnight one clock sleep little monkey went Malice (

.

rô

nâ -

-

“ O

:

nou Épi Malis tôbé jwé mâdo momâ makak tôbé

ti -

!”

t

, -

lin -a

kôtâ you

répôn

'd

yo

!”

pleased

Tout makak

,

heads

;

'

it s

-

,

by

they

dressed man

all right

,

:

one when

well s

they

they said

a

saw

one

It '

,

,

looked and

of

their

"

as

they liked music very much out just the little tips

stuck

]

yo

-

"

di :

”

,

nô

pa

li,

sé -

lè ,

,

Mé

But they

[

,

ti -

-

“

, di :

, ,

sèlmâ abiyé Gê proché piti piti épi Malis yo lè

yo yo

té -

rêmê mizik pwet tèt gadé wè you nèg biê youn

yo

yo

youn

â

Mê kôn

parèt

yo

.”

again

âpil

not

"

:

bit ,

]

on

you

like

'd

know

if

don

't

I

(

a

's

I

a

is

,

,

but

They

We

it a

'd

“

:

like

a

,

a

not

coming

to

I'

,

my friends

m

,

he

!”

: ' “ s

a

us to

,

.

answered

towards midnight

the little monkeys went sleep but Malice put stayed awake and he wham his foot the neck little monkey

]

he

!,

[

,

,

on

of a

]

[

,

to

”

;

dance

pulled out his machete quickly he put cut off his head his bag and then left When was nearly home he put the bag down went

,

he

in

,

.

he it

he

,

he

,

into the bush have bowel move poor man who was passing by took the bag looked saw was little monkey head took the

ment

it

he

was

]

the battle

(

.

he

, ,

the moment Malice was

When

(

out

coming

]

tongue just

at

's

a

,

he

a

.

;

a

to

épi

la

-

you

it ”

ki li

,

la

-

biê

chaché

yo

sòt

My

thing friends music know you like very much that what makes me stay play little the violin for

I,

-

li

tè

,

, ,

-

,

,

rwa

ak

fi

ti -

.”

marié

mwê

arété Malis pòv

fè

Yo

-â

lwê

ap

t-

,

ti -

:

“ Â

la

-

lé

-a

t

sé -

li

pé pasé prâ makout prâ låg wè tèt makak momâ Malis sòti Batay maré pòv rélé mwê mê Malis vlé

prâ lâg makak

said

li

,

pré rivé

âtré you pòv gadé

. li -la la , , a

-r

-

li

nâ

li,

mété makout ajé pou alé poupou

li

mété

Lè

nâ -

ralé mâchèt

- li

kay

li

li li

,

tèt

li -

ti -

makak koupé épi makout kité

Malice

great deal but the other day there was man who came break little monkey neck for Malice an vagabond but swered Oh was

-

,

li . , , , li li li

,

",

vè

-

,

!”

-

-pa

pié sou kou

rap

bit by

came nearer

sé

kôt nou Malis répôn vagabô mêmwê mêm mé zâmi mwề vini dâsé minwi makak krap alé dòmi Malis véyé mété sou

they then

to

you

makak

;

no ” and

he

vin pou kasé kou

,

him

129

]

-

,

répôn

jou

:

-

t-

mê

biê kôtâ

té - -

ki t-a

“

nòm

kôtâ

a

si -

nou

Nou

: ti Yo , -ti " - té li , A gê

violô

.

kônê

nou mwê

pou

ti -

you

lòt ”

jwé

pa

ki

,

zami, mizik sé - you bagay mwê kônê nou rêmê âpil , sé-sa fè mwê rété

CREOLE

[

HAITIAN

HALL )

the poor man yelled out Woe me here Malice trying take the monkey tongue was fool get They had Malice far away

:“

go

to

to

.

[

and

he

to

to on

disease cast

an

a

means disappear

he went

Then

]

. a

,

he

's

had

people

the

arranged

's

to

a

it

with the oungan that was with poor man tongue they had treat

[

and

]

the oungan

,

When

he

the girl fell sick they

the girl

sent

for .

-

's

, Lè

,

,

the country daughter

gê

found

the poor

king

vini

to

he

]

, ,

and

all [

Malice make from

Yo

voyé chaché Malis

the

the poor man Well after some time they released

oungan

, li di li

.

pa

yo

yo

, ,

.

fi

li ti -

youn

they married

then

you

voyé rélé roûgâ tôbé malad mâdé you lâg pòv chaché tou patou jwên Malis

a

.”

so

it

rwa

and

daughter

's

li

roûgâ

-â

yo yo

-

yo

-

li

ak

fè

voyé you maladi sou râjé kôbinézô rougâ lâg pòv pou trété

pòv

tout

you

,

kay

li

,

lagé Malis

disparèt

ti ti - sé fi fi -a ak . -

l-

-a

Épi

.

nâ -

péi

king

-a

tâ

kèk

alé

,

Bô apré

yo

arrested

chaché mwayê

I

's

,

's

,

is

,

joined

called

tongue They looked for poor man everywhere but they couldn find any Malice said there was one they

.

; 't

]

he

(

).

[

,

's

a

nâ -

rété

fi -a .

,

sé -

i-a

pòv

ti -

li deklaré sé -you pé mari

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

ki

sèl

AMERICAN

130

,

.

's

, ,

tongue

]

[

and when the girl got well they married her Mal took

to

Malis

they

his

-

,

ti fi -a

lè

yo

di

pòv

prâ ak

yo

marié

li

touyé

géri

prâ msié

lâg

li,

yo

Yo . ni ,

,

it

in

,

sent for Malice came and declared there was one poor man left the country was the girl husband They took the man they killed him

by

:

if

,

, to

't

]

[

to

lit .

a

he

lie .

to

he

]

[

,

to

it .

of

.

a

]

,

a

of

It

,

(

to

invited

spend

you

take you your feet

to

to

when

we

But the chiggery Go back tell

,

,

them

? ”

chiggers

one followed

"

's

are full

house

us

you expect

people

.

do

How

the

.

to

,

.

two days The three children were very happy but there was one who didn want take the chiggery one

The chiggery

of

at

he

one followed them until arrived the king they place the devils When arrived where the healthy ones went the secretly

The

fine

re

,

had

a

one stayed down below

king was very glad

he

chiggery

.

,

up

.

ception them but they didn give the chiggery one food the same table and chairs There was one sister chiggery one com who forgot

't

on

-

his house

,

yo

,

come

of

.

sèl té -

ak - -pa

yo

them

One day

the .

.

knew

'

la

-

ti -

,

ki

yo

sè

chikata mâjé sou mêm tab Gê you blié chikata nèt lòt détâzâtâ lagé you moso viân bay

never

for

-

yo

môté

li ,

.”

ki ka

-a

-

égâm

Lè

Rwa bić kôtâ bay mê

- - ba . yo

sa

rivé

pou

té

,

yo

ou

di

jis

li â

bèl résèpsiô

swiv

Chikata swiv rwa diab

yo .yo ou

-

.

ou

? ”

,

“ â

yo -

rivé koté chikata rété

fè

chikata

whom

't

Mê

Toûnê nou kachèt

was

.”

yo

plê

“

chikata Koûmâ vlé kay moun pié

mother who had three chil two were healthy one good friend was chiggery They had who was king the devils but they dren

"

, yo gê

té -

-te

ou pa

,

gê

.

ki ti -

li

.

dé

li

te -

,

té -

.

,

bô

-

pa

té -

yo

nou mênê

la

's

't

”

I

.]

gê

Yo

ki té -

té -

té -

té Sé -

dé

you

chikata you zâmi rwa diab jâm kônê You jou êvité jou Twa vini lakay pasé moun youn bie kota mê êgâm

chikata

give you this

.

of

Devils and Children twa pitit

you mâmâ

ki

22 .

(

1

. 6.

little

chik

tell

Stories

Other

vlé mênê

ever have happened gave me little kick there

came

]

[

and

King

to

I

,

,

I

;

,

”

“

A

li la

ou

,

la

you

.

li

mâti

voyé

that wouldn

"

-pa té -

ou

-a -

t ti - -

ti -

kou mwê vini ba nou m

rivé

jâm

pié

passed said the poor man you Ah since you were ambitious monkey tongue hadn stolen the

lầg

vòlò

sa a

pa -t

sa

, ou

si -

âbisié

makak bâ -

mwê

, ,

ou

-k -

tâ

pasé

la :

.

ice

Mwê

131

.

.

he

."

to

.”

: .

't

,

I

“

,

,

no .

"

,

my

sleep

,

't

I

,

:

,

't

“

:

,

to no

,

of

,

him

‘

:

“

in

of

“

, :

,

it

he

't

't to

one

want

you

."

to

.

time was passing When the one finished eating fell singing All through the night

I

,

"

,

,

'.

,

‘

't

, ,

:"

sleep want He my house when "

?

I

,

river

, fill

to

her The king to

to

.”

my feet

the for

to

mother goes basket water

come and wash

night seeing

He

could

000

. . .

. . .

spent

the whole the basket

.

onomatopoeia

fill

,

the water ran out yoo

00

a

the river with basket dipped the basket Each time he

ran

eat kalalou Chiggery one

of

she fills

he

.

At

:

sleep

mel my

sleep

to

you

don

said

:

don

't

he

a

't

aléba

Then

Sleep

“

sleep

Mel

hear

I

answered

,

, ”

no . can

no ,

sleep

,

't

, :"

to

can

son

it .

.

-

mouri

Then

one answered can

chiggery

[

é

.

-a

yo

, pa

yo

moun

alé

Why don

time

:

Li -a,

.

- ..

ou

a

t-

-

ti -

yo si li

ou

. . ap .

ti - la

chikata

-a -

. li . .

-y

-

li

ak

.”

-a

li

li

-

.

-l

gras

tou lévé

sleep

child

for the chiggery

look

All

Mel

mother cooks rice and beans for me The devil ran cook rice and beans chiggery the one During this

answered

plê panié

my

house when

vidé

wè moun

all

,

to

to

a

,

I

“

:

to

my

hear

the devils answered

now

The chiggery

"

sleep

why

tout nuit Avâ jou

go

.

ing In

to

,

'."

he

came said

singing

eat kalalou

don

,

aléba

The king

pasé

fell

Sleep

Ogakana klwa sleep The

didn

sleep

) he .

nô

, - :

singing

dlo

pa

Li

“

di :

one can

The king

mel

-pa

? ”

li

chiggery

night

plê you panié mâmâ lariviè pié pou vini lavé mwê Rwa ou panié pou kouri alé lariviè plê plôjé panié Chak fwa dlo you

children

“

, : .

-

”

'.

,

-

fi

,

lè -pa nô .”

alé

“

,

ou

sa

-

ki

“

,

'

mwê tâdé mèl mèl Rwa répôn Dòmi dòmi mô dòmi aléba Épi mâjé kalalou Chikata pou répôn vlé dòmi Lakay mwê kapab mwê dòmi

answered

the

Then

?

-

ap

,

-

“

nâ

-pa

li

tâ

.

lè

maché Kou chikata fini mâjé tôbé châté Tout nuit mwê kab dòmi Pâdâ

But

the machete

,

-

pwa bay

ak

sé -

chikata

diri

kuit

alé

.”

bâ

ak

,

- -pa

:"

? ”

-

la

kouri

kitchen

to he

Lakay Chikata répôn kapab mwê kou mwê dòmimâmâ mwê kuit pwa diri mwe Diab vlé dòmi

sharpen

was word said make the Ogakana children sleep was Every time said that the chiggery one who was lying the center the there

At

!

.

, ou li

-

ki

fi, ”

“

,

Pou

one

started

"

nâ -

-

-

la

répôn

dòmi Épi

nô .

,

mô

time time meat for the

the evening when they were sleep the king arranged his affairs eat the children His servant

for

ti -

.

fè

.” li

-pa

nâ

“

,

,

diab

li di li :

-mpa “

:

,

dòmi

Tout nwit mwê tâdé

âjé kalalou

jwên chikata

.yo

ti -

yo "

ti -

-

Rwa Dòmi nô

'.”

,

'

-

â

pa

moun

nô

pa

mèl

aléba

vini

di

té -

ki

“

tôbé châté kapab dòmi

.”

Chikata

châtâ

Mê

Chak kouché Ogakana

:

-

répôn

Épi

mèl

mâchèt pou

Ogakana

klwa

mwê

filé

té -

-: li

,

lakwizin

sân

sé

chikata nâ

,

sa

di

li

moun kou

koûmâsé

mo dòmi

you

yo

li

gê

-té

Dòmèstik

li

lè

tout zafè

li li

-

A

swè

yo

chiggery

pralé dòmi rwa râjé mâjé pou moun

other from little piece

a

dropped

of

;

pletely

to

the

CREOLE

if

HAITIAN

HALL )

AMERICAN

132

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

74

Before day , the children also got up , they went off, and thanks to the chig gery one the children didn 't die .

a

by

on

.

't

[

in

for

ask

to

),

,

:

she said

mine

there

's

,

[

,

and

]

She ran

in

.

buggy

Mamma mamma my man They ,

.

épi

a

,

nâ

yo "

pâ -m -

palé avèk

“

fi -a

avèk

in

jâ

-

nâ

,

-â

âtré

.

“

blâ

fè

ti -

fiâsé

li . Yo

di :

li

Yo

Mâmâ mâmâ mê

.

while the young lady was the bal cony she saw big white man pass

kouri âtré li

-ap

pasé

k

blâ

gle

bògi

-

pâdâ mâmzèl nâ

sin

girl child But every young man who came the girl mar riage the girl didn want One day

, . Li li .

ti fi -

,

ya

tout

There was a mother who had a

vini mâdé pou jou vlé You balkô wè you gro

-pa ki té -

. Mê

ti fi -

fi

ya jên

2. ( Bluebeard : Magical Escape .] Sé - té you mâmâ ki té - gê ou sèl pitit

him

a

"

's

:

]

't

, if

can

makes blood you bleeds water don

.

[

he lit

,

, if

'

,

re

]

,

[

be

bleeds marry

see

The girl pricked the white he bled water but greatly she loved him she told her mother was blood bled Then they got married The white man took she saw

.

far

,

to a

he

far

a

he

,

told the girl

.

kill her

he was go The girl knelt down

,

he

, to

and

begged pardon

.

to

girl did

but the man said eat her What the

,

was going

to

]

and

a

[

let

;

]

(

),

was she asked permission her room and say little prayer then while she was upstairs

house she her When they ran after her she had time climb im

's

window

an

to

.

a

of

tree

.

mense

,

the white man

self out

,

.

of

.

went

the man had kettle sharpened his ma

to

li

-â

yo

môtè you kokên pié bwa

priè

li, kò li li ,

you

he

li

mâdé lapèmisiô

chete ing

go

-

mâjé

,

ro

. -

â

li

tâ

-

,

li

di ti fi -a jounou

a

-

sé

di

pou

épi pâdâ kay blâ lagé nâ you fénèt Lò kouri dèyè gể

left

water boiled

in

chodié

ti -

châm

li

.

Ti fi -a

fè

li

alé

mét

ni

li

mâmzèl nâ -

.

li

Sa

-

l-

apé touyé mâdé padô mê msié pou

off country One day

[

bouyi you msié épi mâchèt

fè

li

,

filé

li,

You dlo

fè

jou

,

his wife

,

he

.

it

he

,

,

man

as

.”

marry

,

ou

. di fè

l-

,

alé

the mother

m

-

w

li li

,

li

yo

marié

gave the girl and she said Here this giving you while you talking you with the white man prick him

But

needle

I'

,

fè sa ap

ou

li

dlo

,

pati

.

,

pîga

wè âpil

Épi

fè

â

-

wè

li, . blâ li li li â, fè

rêmê

prâ madâm you péi lwê lwê

-

nâ

ba ti si ou fi -a

li,

ou

si

li sâ

-

mâmâ Blâ

kòm

ni

,

mê

pâdâ

té -

Ti -fi -a , â,

-

.”

marié

you zépêg

wè piké

li

ak “

bla

mèt marié

dlo

bay

mwê piké

sé

ou

palé

sa â

Mê

di :

li

Mê mâmâ

.

to

.

him

in ]!”

[

=

had the white They talked with man come and then they betrothed the girl

HAITIAN li rélé you ti-diab , pou - li koupé piè

What the king of the devils did , he a little devil , he gave him an

called

fifty

in

:

"

",

.

.

,

.

, 't

,

,

to

of

on

her

fè

's

say

,

anything

pebble

third

But those

)

(

and

say

and

al

doesn

doesn

't

if

',

another

do

]

the

it

a

drop

if

“

',

sovéba

.

say raléba

anything drop

it

vin -

do

” ”

[

.

drop one and

rach rach

in

as

m

I'

fè

-

“

, ,

,

ti sa

yo

.”

” “

,

"

fall when the girl her godmother had given three pebbles and had told her the day the wedding Here what giving you gift any trouble tree was ready

-

pa

:

si di li

',

-

é

!

diab

were

remembered

fè

pa

si li

té -

Ai

's

,

,

"

.

, ya

,

ba

- la : “ li

té -

-

ti yo

sa

gro

, ti -

fwa

.

pi

. Li ti

zèl

Bone

The dogs

however the little hacking hacking the

there

devils

âgnê sovéba roch Aléba toujou sou mâm roch lagé youn plap pié bwa

Mê

wild they

howled

Out

rach

ti fi -

yo

-

ni

',

nâ -

di '

, ‘

,

- di la

you lòt lagé twazièm

tro

rach

twa roch épi nòs Mê mwê nêpòt kèl âgajmâ lagé âyê lage raléba

jou

kado

youn

ti -

a

té -p

di , li

té -

ou

li

sôjé marên

diab

rèt pou tôbé

lè

ba -

La -

mêm

mother

their chains barked The mother however was talking with friends outside she didn hear They

.

,

li

Trouble Bone Crusher

were absolutely

tâdé

pié bwa

girl

,

-

-â ak yo yo

The Day Breaker

zâmi

-b

-pa

During this time the

gê

ya

m

apé ay odiâs

little devils appear their hands

other

had three big dogs which were called

fini japé

Chê

rélé

,

.

chên

té

ti fi zo ".

Krazé

Yo

mêm

déyò

Jou

"

té -

sé

Mâmâ

“

Brizé débôdé

zo , -nâ ” "

chê

:

ki -tâ

grâ

twa gajé

you

,

-

of

ak

ti -

lòt

saw

mâmâ rélé

gave

the axe the little devil

with axes Pâdâ

to cut the tree . Each blow

axe for him

on

na -

mê

.yo

ou wè sêkật

.

ti- diab - la bay diab parèt rach

bwa - a . Chak kou t - rach

, : "

,

fè

rach

't

you

In

li

-

rwa diab -la

ba

133

m

Sa

li

CREOLE

I'

HALL ]

pebbles

were ways the young lady She dropped one plop the tree became many times larger Alas the little devils

'

.

,

.

!

,

on .”

'

Aléba

.

hacked and hacked When the tree was ready

to

:

,

,

,

time

,

that same time the dogs were beside themselves over there ready burst their chains but the mother her conversation didn

,

't

in

,

completely

to

mê

At

débode

.

wè

ini

chên sa

-pa-

pou pété

yo

chế

yo

mêm

odiâs

-

mâmâ

prèt nâ

la

ba -a

-a

Ta

sa

.

to

hacked and from time there were more little devils and

.

fall

another she said Raléba the tree became fifty times bigger The little devils hacked

, .

diab

she dropped ”

ti - yo

diab

gêgnê plis

again

“

li

-

,

”

Ti -

gro

détâzâtâ

-

é

rach

,

rach

.

vini sêkât fwa

pi “

,

li

la

di :

lòt -

lagé

pou tôbé âkò pié bwa Raléba té -

Lè

pié bwa prèt

When

the tree was ready

to

a

tôbé âkò

-

pié bwa prèt pou

ti fi -

.

see this

Lè

fall

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

the

.”

dropped

In

.

“

m

li

,

nâ

-

-a

-â

”

-

m

sou mâmâ

pété chên

the last peb ble and said Aléba The tree be came hundred times bigger and the dog they called The Day girl

I'

kouri

âgajé

,

again

“

sâ

a

-

Jou

"

rélé

yo

lagé dènié ti-roch -la é-di “ Aléba .” Pié bwa vini fwa pli gro épi chê

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

a

AMERICAN

134

,

She

.”

in

is

“

:

let

, to

,

,

on

of

king away

the

When he

.

.

-

she

trouble

loose the other dogs they arrived and they found the tree about fall over They fell the little devils

.

yo

this

saw

they broke their necks too

n

mâmâ

the mother child

My

]

.

kasé kou tou sové épi chê

When said

[

“

chaviré

. Yo yo

,

rivé

yo

-p

tyo , a

-a ka

ti fi -

ya -

la

-ti

tôbé sou diab Lè rwa diab wè mênê

chê

ral

Pitit mwê

yo

lòt

lagé

li

Li

pié bwa

.”

jwên

sa ,

wè

-â

mâmâ

sa

Lò âgajé

li , di :

.

"

to

Trouble burst his chain and ran the mother

devils saw that ran and the dogs took the girl her mother do

Ah ,

a

“

:

[ lit .

.

lie

]

]

I

,

't

,

.

be

't

.

In

.

It

a

to

a

as

to

,

he

;

in

for

“

'

re

I

?

',

:

'

re

in

to

Cat was careful pickled meat

,

not left

leave

a

.

't

the time you Before they

.”go

]

so

(

all

I

“

, '

,

Brother piece

be

.

,

don

of ]

his larder

eat when they

.

,

all

to

's

in

to

came back pocket but the cat get bis when Brother Dog went violin and Brother Cat ate the meat them

The key was

]

.

nâ

-

thievish called

,

li

-

nâ

-

-

yo

lò

.

al

,

,

-â

lâ

viân

mâjé

was for that reason that Brother Cat took Brother Dog But before they went Brother Cat said You will will be What Did That called you called The People know

[

prékosió

any tolerance there Voilà Brother

thieves

party Cat had been invited place that there was food and drink abundance Brother Dog was get his violin musician went

(

.”

nâ

,

-

alé

If

.

m

-

y a gâ ou

-

té

Sa ,

- ‘

a -

y ou

-

ou

piga

pati kôpè chat

rélé

rélé visié tout

mêm

kônê

, -

M

’.yo rélé

,

fè

.

yo

ki , fè l al

sa

té -

-

“

di :

mêm

there wasn

wouldn

.

gâ

-

lâ

-

a

t-

ak -

, yo

sa -a

Sé -

'”,

nâ sa

-pa

yo yo

-

give

.]

té - -pa

gâ

té -

pa sé -

(W

li . -

fè

yo

‘

Ou

mwê

gad mâjé marinê toûnê Klé poch chat mê kou kôpè chê chaché kôpè chat mâjé tout viân violô

kité you pou

to

't [

.

sa a 3

Si .

.

ap

-

moun

tâ

ki

kôpè chat

Avâ

tell

hy Dog Hates Cat

sitirè vòlè kôpè chat you êvité pati Koté mâjé pay bwésô kòm kôpè chê mizisiê chèché kôpè chat pou tèt violô mênê kôpè chê Mê âvâ alé Vwala

She said me That you She gave me

came

you this little

you you

how

!"

concern

look

to

died

doesn

!”

almost

and

“

I

ambitious

mâti

kick

said

, :

by ,

be

to

!"

passed

have

mwê

ti -

bâ

Li

-

ou !"

gadé

ou

t-

Li

I

"

mwê vini

:

A

di :

pa jâ

pié

“

mwê you kou

fokou

mâké mouri ba

mwê

Sa

,

âbisièz

di

pasé

gadé

,

Mwê

ou

.

's

,

to

,

the

the

, he

, ]

[

to

to

to

him

it

.

;

”

, .

ate

he

,

fill

remember

Brother Dog What Did This

ti

krip

,

“

sang

Ti -

? ”

at

,

for

“

,

you

they called

he

't

.

the last person had got tired what Brother Cat did he

a

went out front did excrement by the kitchen

,

he

he

),

was

big pile

in

he

conversation

,

”

of

yo

-

wè

drink his belly full

incomparably

When

[

lò fè

, li

pa la

-

bò

pèsôn

-

li

l-

fini

sòti dévâ koujin

sâ

pil okabiné râtré bie pròp

you gro

ay

, lâ -b

rasazié

:

kôpè chat

li

fè fin

, Lò

dènié moun sa

fraz

”

,

“

“

.

krap

call

played

come

of

:

they didn

all He

you

,

-

. li

châté

,

)

all

he

If

]

[ pa

yo

rélé

kôparézô

-

”

; ti -

jwé

,

. Li

tou

krap

sâ

krip

Ti -

di - -

pou kôpè chê

sa ? ”

fè

“

Sa

ki

Mê dévên “

The People But unluckily

was

was sweating like day long they

took

Brother Cat went and drank his

and

the posture

see

the people

people

the

neck

could

when

Then

were calling

,

his

you

violinist

the

that eat

li .

rélé

around

collar played

.

-ap li

,

té -

yo

”

yo

li,

.

Moun

135

they arrived at When feast Brother Dog grabbed his violin his

of

-

-

yo

-â

y

nâ -

-

l-

, 1

,

lâ

,

vin

nâ

-"

sé

- li,

-

bwè

plê vât

sôjé

mâjé moun

Kôpè chat alé bwè kôt bwèsô nou

ou

nâ

-

yo ”

.

mênê

mâjé

ap li

li

fo

ou

sa

moun

té

"

-

.

Si -

li,

Lò yo rivé lâ - fèstê -â , kôpè chế mâché violô kòl kou jwé wè pòz violônè swé kô Alò ké tout lajounê rélé

CREOLE

.

HAITIAN

HALL ]

.

he

of

,

had

sweat

, :

on

,

the

stom

with

[

,

him

] to 't

;

!"

hadn

when even

on (

)

,

even finished speaking the last person fell

he

patted his

me

,

did

!

:“

he

said

It ' he s

left his violin

,

? ”

he

“

this

ach and

,

ran

,

filth

:

she saw

pile

of

a

.

ti -

,

”

Ti -

“

other

Gentlemen What Immediately Brother Dog

said

;

, I :“

,

]

[

firebrands and blows with stones My friends what Brother Dog said did

I to

'

“

:

with his limping then

,

,

his

arm

all

running

started

violin under

-

he

,

go

!”

on

he

,

dead

[ it ]

to

do

I

you just said Here Brother Cat said Give him the mouth When they let Brother Dog was three quarters

'.”

. l-

ka nâ -

'

li

li

-

â

she

am

-

di

“

pi ba

l-

,

la

-1

ak

Lò

li . '.” ”

yo

di :

,

-m

,

,

li

, !

o

-

: , , , di

, “

di :

-

,

bwa difé

Mé zâmi nou Mê

the

incomparably Well woman who came past by

trap

the kitchen

nou mwê sèlmâ Kôpè chat Ba lagé kôpè chê bouch twa prô kouri mò violô bra tou bwété tân kôpè chat dévâ

mwê

trip

there was

,

li

kò

-pa

;

”

,

: "

sa

,

-a

fè

t-

sa

kôpè chê

roch

Dog

Brother

hand was quite exhausted poured forth his last drop

li

li

fin

palé

li

, lâ

épi

dèniè moun tôbé sou msié

kou

But

,

Ti -

-l

Hap kôpè chê bat lèstomak

li

? ”

,

mêm

-

-

Sé

mwê

Bô “

kô -

-k

sa

fè

ki

Sa

kité violôâ “

,

wè

Msié kouri

. . . koujin

pasé

vin

fâm

pil malpròpté

trip

vwala

li di bò .

sâ

”

you

gout swè ôparézô

déniè

rap

pati

mêm

li

fin

ti -t

rân

figi

li :

him

Kôpè chê mêm

in

had finished came back quite clean without anybody seeing

when

ANTAROPOLOGICAL

ASSOCIATION for

AMERICAN

136

he waited

,

(MEMOIRS

Brother

Cat

74

farther

I to

't

ple

to to

yo

:

,

.”

he

,

he

to

-

:

My brother console he said yourself when we get home pass off our anger onto the pickled meat they arrived When Brother Cat put his hand his pocket took ,

he

he

as

at

;

”

]!

? ”

,

it

“

:

,

he

him

lit . .

he

was

]

Cat

stupid

.

doesn

't

Being

Dog

is

. that

[

on

that day

good terms with

:

[

he a

!

; [

at . he ]

When

kill

country

all .

was

at

there

a

now

,

There

.

makes you sweat

a

.

a

where they didn allow women There were only men Each time woman entered there there was big

,

.

la

âtré tôbé sônê

fâm

Brother Dog Brother

went home

't

sèlmâ

little tree raced

gave

-

he

, on

s

,

, ki té .]

-

pa

yo

-

fwa you

kloch

gasô

ki

gro

.

péi

di - té -

sé -

, .

gê

té - té

résévwa fâm gêgnê Chak you

you

tou

Sé

[

.

4

The Country Without Women

Vwala

from

Moral you

it

ou

fè

li

,

ou

-

pa

:]

. [

touyé

below

good swearing

never

swé

and

,

up

] a

the tree

down

It '

-

ak

-pa

-

jou

sa a

. Sé -

Sòt

biê

jâm

No

it

.”

to

li .

·

stayed

Cat

Moral

oh ! if

!

into the larder

looked

through chê

he

, a

[

brother

“

:

raised

What

meat He knew was Brother Cat who must have done that job im mediately set out after until they

flew

dépi

his

somewhat

is

he he

the was look something

came where there was Brother Cat whssht

chat

opened

Oh

“

:

lit .

;

he

,

's

li

,

yo

fini

.

Dog said

When

Lò l- àba , !

tâ

té -

-

-l li

-a

,

.

ti -

al

head

,

sa a

fè

ki

,

li

li

jouré kôpè chat biê jouré lakay

happened

Brother

kôpè chat travay pou jouk pati dèyè rap rivé pié bwa Kôpè chat voup koté you kôpè chê rété volé sou bwa

l- li

in

, - -l :

di

kônê

out the key and when larder the rascal acted surprised said what

sé -

.”

kÔsa gad

-

Lò

viân

? ”

Pwên

gadé

lâ

tèt

kôpè

sézi kôpé

li

, si ” -

l-

lò

fè

gadé you kichoy

-

yé , “

-

:

a

li

Sa

mâjé

ouvri gad

kòm

Li

! o !

“ O

di :

li

-a

vakabôâ

mâyê soulvé

chê “

prâ klé épi

li

, , li

-

lâ

poch

mâjé

kôpè chat fouré mê

rivé

,

Kâ

li li,

yo

.”

I'

ll

,

-â

,

cry

,

,

rivé

sou viân

nou

: ( , “ as he . if ]

raj

everything was me When Brother Cat wiped his mustache and then left When met with Brother Dog made his face very hypocritical he was ready over

li

-

,

.” m -a - m

kôsolé

pasé

lè

ou

Kôpè

man

peo

the

haven the right take that any ceremony that man has

shamed

li

ak -

li

nou

:

-l

“

.”

m

fè -

la

l-

Lò

-

, ,

.

li

li

fè

di :

ôt

sérémoni nô Lè tout bagay fini kôpè chat souyé moustach épi pati kôpè chê jwên prèt pou krié figi biê ipokrit

lakay marinê

Brother Cat said

Then

okên

:“

-

sa a

moun

-

-a

dwa mênê nòm

lâ

di

kôpè chat

gê sa

“ M

- Sé -pa lè

.

along

HALL )

HAITIAN CREOLE

Kou - kloch -la sônê, yo chaché

fâm

that strange

in

was

she began

off

see

]

on

,

of

,

;

in a

is

in

!

s a

it '

I

I

,

,

sus

, !

a

]

saw

,

[

you

they

.

her “

said

:

,

place

number

killed

I

by that

In

you

if

."

to

,

,

were curious curious like that this you ever have happened

been

't

wouldn

then

a

.

't

asmuch

as

of

I

-

tâ

passed

sa

di

ou

tortures and

hadn

kou

is

in a

is

in

, ,

!”

,

they

They made her undergo

:

kô - -

“ A

di :

Li

-m

bâ

.”

ou

-

”

t

-é -

pa ou . -

,

la

ou -

si

,

a

-g

Li

woman

say

came and bang they they took her undressed her they they looked and she was

,

picious

yo

li

fè

li .

adé

all .

,

at

;

to

's

,

a

!

. pa ou pa t-

-

k

-

sa

“

bong soo

soo

she was afraid she was somewhat

woman pasé you kâtité mati épi Yo touye Mwê pasé bò mwê kirié kirié jâm rivé mwê

Sa

an

in

's

,

's

,

coming

,

a

. . .

's

fâm

coming

what

Bong soo bong say woman woman When the young woman heard that

it li

yo jâ

ni ,

you

-

sé

,

yo pè

yo

wè

; of

at

]

woman

,

-

, li

sa

, !

yo

li,

gadé

the

instant the bell coming

What

“

to

ring

:

started

yo

yo

Lò

,

dézabiyé

in

a

),

to

[

,

mwê

you

when

the town

let

]

-a

bêg

prâ

be

to her

't

-

(

,

sé -ap di di -

,

sa k

la

-

but

sou

mâmzèl tâdé bap vini

going

and they her pass she looking what there was

k

-ap

(

la

-

nâ

vil - ,

li

-p

li

li

ki

li

nâ

li

li,

li,

li

lè

yo

sé -

brother

woman what Bong soo

sispèk

because

her she answered going see her

was

she

sa

-a

that

started

,

. . . !

guards questioned

the town

sou

she kept

the gate

mwê

âtré

afraid

meet any women But she put hand her halfort draught saddle bag she took

bêg

sou

.

,

.

there

,

far

she got

koûmâsé

fâm

[

as a

,

because the country was when she was nearly

very

grog and then

!”

sé - sé -

fâm

gêyê

kloch

òtay

pasé

what there she dis

country

herself man She put pants her her shirt her cane her pipe and then she left She walked guised

,

k

Bêg

prâ you répôn

woman who

a

swore she had to go to

;

One day there was

;

li

[and ] they killed her.

sou

sé -

“

:

a

-

!

fâm

kité

âtré

fâm

Bêg

fâm

nâ

,

Sa

momâ

rivé

,

you

sônê âtré

adé

- ti -g ap , -

mê

kèsioné

li,

pralé wè frè koûmâsé apé

ralfò

sa

,

-

yo

gad

la

lavil

fouré mê kôtinié

li

li

Mê

the woman

searched

she didn

grog épi

ringing . When the

to

,

,

,

lè

.

té -

out ,

and walked

.

di -

,

li

té -

pè

-a

li

li

,

li

,

pip maché paské péi âpil maché lwê pré rivé paské koûmâsé râkôtré fâm tou

batô

li li,

.

-

chémiz

-pa li

Pâtalô épi pati

gasô

li Li ,

maské

li â

li

You jou gê you fâm ki fè sèmâ sé pou li alé wè sa ki gê nâ -péi dròl sa -a ,

bell which fell bell rang , they

,

- nâ ,

yo touyé li .

137

- a pou -mwê

She said

me:

to

That doesn ' t con

“

, I came

you .” She gave me a kick

cern

give

to

there me you this little lie

tell

.

to

]

la

.e .

mwê vini tôbé ti-mâti sa - a .

ou

[i

bay

fall

t - pié ,

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

for

AMERICAN

138

a

to

],

in

[

;

.

's

,

;

it

off .

of

to

he

,

“

:

to

.

to

a

turned into snake and began the girl He began swallow singing her The girl fell Mother suck

,

,

m

I'

,

I

“

:

,

!

I

I

!"

I

he

up

,

's

he

to

,

:

's

“

,

.

,

,

daughter

, oh

! [

“

My

].

,

:

mother answered

in -

no

].

!"

, [r

“

”yé o ! ”

swallowed her feet was her knees The girl sang Mother dear mother here the snake swal lowing me epeat The snake an my mother swered No law only caressing her repeat The

:

”

-m

,

"

-tè fi, -1

m

:

-

-

kô - :

-

sé

jèn

te -

sa “

m

, m

law

in -

,

,

,

].

lè

,

fi

repeat

-

la

la

-

].

].

-

[r

-

[r

-

ma (

-

,

mâmâ mê koulèv

was

was how The snake was swallowing the girl

m

:

“

fi -a

Ti -

apé valé epeat Koulèv répôn Nô nô apé karésé ma bèl mè karésé epeat Mâmâ répôn Ma chè

My daugh

when

that how was My daugh my daughter when was

I'

Mâmâ

, ,

,

châté

li

ti fi a

ap . -

jénou

-

nâ

-jis

li

valé pié

valé

,

m

,

no

!”

oh

daughter

ter young that Koulèv

No

“

:

lè

young

my

's

té -

my mother

caressing her

The mother answered ter

,

sa m !

-

o

-

o

-té

yé Ma

kô -

fi !”yé , fi,

ma

fi,

-

Mâ

sé m “

:

jèn sa

té -

sé kô -

jèn

répôn

m

ma

lè

-

- té fi, -

m

Mâmââ

,

No

only

my

careessing

I'

in -

!

!”

-1

her

no !"

,

's

,

!

's

The snake answered only mother law

oh

nô ,

-

,

l!

-

-a

-

m

-a

-

m

,

-

-

,

pé karésé Nô pé karésé bèl mè karésé karésé

-

ma bel

nô

“

:

-

Nô

répôn

la

Koulèv

mè ma

he

a

,

he

a

.

or

a

,

[

that the man was the great the evening the wedding

on

-

: -

;

li

-

.

.

a

;

,

too

't a

on

mother was very happy she hastened marry her daughter But hap to

li

,

la

fine moustache for the girl The girl

]

li

a

-

li -

-

,

chain

came and asked

dear mother here the snake swal lowing me Mother dear mother here the snake swallowing me

!”

-m

-

watch

pened

châté

because

ugly

.

ki

dâ

, .

fi -a a. , -Li

, Ti -

ti fi -

.

li

,

!

la

gê té

-

, ti - , li li fi li -a -a té

grâ

lé -

té

li ,

m

-

-

.

gê

.

a

-

sé

la -

-

“

-

tôbé

chè mâmâ

apé valé

want

she found them too poor One day there was man who came big brown horse had fine

devil

apé mê koulèv Mâmâ chè mâmâ mê kou

Mâmâ

lèv

Mê trouvé

laswaré koulèv épi mêm koû

nòs toûnê you koûmâsé sousé valé

sou

mâdé

biê kôtâ

kouri vit marié pitit nôm nâ diab

valé

gê

té -

,

,

,

ti fi -

Mâmâ

vini

bèl chên

Rat

the

There was mother who had beautiful daughter But she was very ambitious everybody who came marriage ask for the girl she either

vini

bèl moustach

mâsé

Ambition Kills

didn

you nôm You jou you gro chwal brin

pou

swa

swa trò pòv

lèd

môt

ti yo -fi ,

-

li

té

pou

trouvé

li

paské

vlé

-

vini mâdé

-

té

ki

.

fi

té

trò -pa

moun

té -

ki .

.

5

Âbisyô Touyé Rat you bèl Vwala you mâmâ pitit Mê âbisièz âpil tout

139

CREOLE

's

I

). on

her

swallowed

swallowing her neck

, , ,

”

,

up

,

he

her

the girl began choke she sang dear mother throat Mother her here the snake swallowing me

;

"

's

“

:

,

]

to

and

in

-

re

,

(

-m

).

-

la

mâmâ mê koulèv peat

chè

[

koûmâsé

gòj Mâmâ apé valé

-

châté

was young that

epeat

And the snake kept

li

valé

li, li

ti : fi - “ ya

,

nâ

nâ

, ,

li

trâglé

apé valé

”

la

jis

kou

rivé

- -

Épi koulèv

when

was

to

daughter

the way

(r

my

I

HAITIAN

HALL ]

no

,

“

m

I'

's

.”

,

go

up

up

a

;

;

swallowing

[ by a lit .

she pulled her was what saved the girl

tress hair that escape made

by ,

; ,

."

,

I

of

a

[ [ lit . ]

.

"

't ,

to

as a

Ring a

's .

's

Once

beautiful

.

of a

a

a

to

,

he

he hunted

in

,

a

,

the ring ran

see

,

didn

he

it .

't

the rooms didn find Im mediately tell his father that The king set the people looking for the ring the house

in

all

to

-

-a

l-

ké -

-a

nâ - .

-

tell

.

pèdi

Rwa

con and

diamond ring which had cost for tune One morning the prince got up

to

li .

sa

-l

trouvé bag

.

l

-

nâ la -l

vini

chaché pale you

kick

daughter who was called Clauda She was engaged handsome prince present superb who made her

't

-

li

la

,

- .

-pa

wè

nâ di li

-a fi -

.

kay

fè

-

, l- - li al na , pa

la

-

pou

kab rézigné

-t -

pa gro

oûgâ

papa

a

]

â

-l la té -

li

kouri

sa

.

fè

-

ki ki

-

na

wit

mété tout moun bag Alò rwa

Daughter

king who had

.

fiâsé avèk you bèl prês kado you supèb bag diamâ kouté you fòtin You matê bag prês lévé chaché jwên tout châm Tous

Kloda

fall here

King

The

there was

That doesn

this little

.

rélé

all he

ou

té - gê

You fwa bèl fi

you

ki té

.

gê

Fi

Rwa

you

me

she gave me lie so

came

to ”,

I

.

She said

:

cern you

her husband

passed blows Because you were ambitious you almost lost your child rain

to

mwê vini mâti

té -

Li té -

ki

.

6

Bag

“

look how

sa -a

"

ou ,

said

:

ou

fòs

-

gave her

give rwa

she came back

When

li

ba

“ A

mwê

pie ti - , -pa

t-

kou

Sa

ou

“

:

you

pou

ou

-a

la

di :

,

jâ

di

Li

mwê

tôbé

ba

li

.

bâ a ”

ou -

, ,

li

li

you pli toûnê mari makak mwê pasé mwê âbisièz gadé mâké pèdi pitit gadé mwê

I

Lè

.

]

to

,

of

little

she

when

big

snake which the girl only her head was outside

saw

of

tip

,

arrived she was finishing

went

and

;

got

mother

a

n

-

d

,

“

:

's ;

's

ki ki sa

-

,

sé

li

.

my

caressing

,

, ,

-

.”

â

li ,

“

-

- ti -

,

in -

[r

”

la

No

only

mother epeat her But father said The girl you hear the girl singing that she trouble but get and see The the matter with her what in it

ou

di :

ya

you très chévé

chapé

-

fè

ki

,

li

ti fi li -a

fini valé déyò ralé

pitit

tônè âgajé mê gêgnê Mâmâ lévé wè you gro koulèv pwết tèt sèlmâ

nâ

rivé

Mê

apé châté

, li li

; lè

alé

li

tâdé pitit lévé alé wè

sa

- ti la fi -

Papa

law

:

-

].

(

”

The snake answered ].

ma bèl repeat

,

nô

“

-l

-

,

Nô

apé karésé

m

me karésé

- :

-

la

Koulèv

,

[

].

repeat

répôn

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

his son

so

he

.

drew

cards , he rang bells, he cast

where

the ring was . When the king

shells , [but ]

he wasn ' t able

to

find

he

,

he

took

;

die

,

was going he

into his head

prison

in

sorcerer saw himself

to he

in

a

. ,

,

he

't

to

the oungan wasn able make him find the ring was angry great rage got into had the put oungan prison When the saw

him

if

't

to

. noon

,

The

.”

's

the

to

“

go

in

,

.

.

others

came

another maid has the others because

,

At

hastened

As she

Here one and speak

: to

to ]

.

in

It

al

ki

it

,

to

]

,

[

happened

.”

it

]

the food

to

,

the last

(

.

go

to

.”

's “

I :

carry

see how

us

ve

'

to

't

the ones that really stole you don need denounce

, :

to

's

,

"

at

,

re

“

'

ring

the

us ,

s

it '

,

Here the third When the maid say oungan heard the that she fell her knees his feet and she said Papa we know you found out

.” :

The sorcerer said see the last

, ”, ”

to

a

at

“

so

can

,

fêt

said

him

we

pi

At night

Let me

maid

nou

isi ?

talk

the others that

I

-

, , a , a

A

Si

“

,

mwê avèk

said

al

, li

é

-l

-pa

bòkòa

gê

.”

papa

the prisoner

, li

- lnâ

-

-

-

-

nâ

-

li

li t-.” , ou :“ Lò -ap ri

bézwê

ou

li

M

bâ “

la

Wi

bâ

vlé sové pòté

,

répôn

vit

oûgâ

food

tened

tâdé

gadé

(

li

-â

“

-

nâ a, .” a

-

tôbé

couldn

was second one who had carried the food noon and the oungan cried out Here the second The maid away immediately went and tell

dékouvri nou

vré

-

a

nâ

eat they

happened that the palace there were three maids who were working When morning came one brought

maid

nâ

pié

kill

much

yet

the oungan

Mê

mwê touswit Èské nou kodên

Poté bag

-

é

bòn

ba la

sézi

bòn

Kou

jénou

di : ,

tâdé

a

dénôsé nou

nou

twazièm

nou kônê

vòlò bag

-

nou

pati touswit

ou

Papa

krié

Mê

“

di :

jété

sé , - :di “ . , a nâ -â , sa, di , o a ki , sa, ”, di :“ lié , li é - li n-l - li “ ap

oûgâ

oûgâ

swè dènié bòn pou mwè kou

-a

dénié

-

sé

.”

mwê wè

bòn kouri you dézièm

ba A -

.

sa

yo

-

.”

Bòkò

-a

rivé

Bòn pòté

m

Lésé

-

“

di

nâ

-

té -

lòt

anôsé

al

-

paské

pòté mâjé midi

dézièm

âtré oùgâ palé kouri

té lòt la

.

yo , -

A

midi

you sé

lòt

Bòn

.”

.yo

palé

“

lòt di :

Mê

youn

ki

gê

-

-

Kou

-a

-t

t

-

Matê mâjé bay prizonié

-

ap

twa bòn rivé youn pòté

a

pale

Trouvé ravay

té

. nâ -

gave him

he

in

his

,

to

in

said

,

heart was going many count how times they gave they him food before killed him be they cause mind believed then

.

-l

oungan

that ring , which

find

he

,

-l

-l

ba

âkò

could

he

kôté kôbiê fwa paské tué mâjé âpil

big

a

The oungan worked and worked , he

it

nâ , - où

,

li

wèl pral mouri

yo

yo

si

li

-l

kapab tué

mété

li a

-

mâjé âvâ kwè

-

fè

grâ

nâ

.

-

l

li, l-

nâ

ba di li -

kè

gâ

-â

y

li

yo nâ - alò -ap pa

pâsé

bòkò

tèt

-ap li,

nâ -

mété

,

prizô

kolè

Kâ

prizô

had

74

wasn 't able to resign himself to losing

Oûgâ - â travay

li râtré nâ -you

,

(MEMOIRS

priest ] come to the palace

( voodoo

, li travay , li tiré kat , , jété li sônê kloch li koki- la li pa-kab bag dékouvri koté -la yé. Lò rwa- a wè oûgâ pa -kab fè -l jwên bag - la , li faché ,

king

the

Then

his

AMERICAN

140

.

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

mal kodên - nâ .” lòt yo

kouri al

Bòn -nâ

jwên

we' ll

for its

of

of

a

it

he

go

lie

(

can

,

“

:]

place and the sorcerer

you you

down

.”

in

in

he

.

he

,

The next morning the sorcerer had the king told was ready for him They brought him and when ar

a

is : “ of I

of

it

such

to

kind here bring brought They the big turkey

and

,

such

a

see you have

made the cards and said big turkey which

a

big

drawing

he

before the assembly

rived

his

'll

.”

a

]

[

,

"

:

.”

,

me gizzard the oungan said Have opened for me and you find the ring The king had them take knife the gizzard the turkey ring Everyone and the fell out was astonished they applauded The king gave the oungan was happy and

of

open

he

;

and

him

I off , he

it,

going

beating

.

“

you

without looking behind

hat and

was

I'

,

said

his

.

When to

't

the sorcerer give won

he

,

away

.

went

put

The sorcerer

took m

he

money

big sum

”

]

his bag

he

of (

.

;

.

]

(

and

a

, -

,

-a

.

mwê

went

your bed

it

Fè

“

la . ”

-

ba

nâ -

, -ap

âjé

turkey swallow and put the

had the

and

Then the people

in

ki tèl di :

li

é

t-

fal

,

-l li

-m

sak

alé

l-

. -a m

glisé

gadé dèyè

-

Pié

sâ sa

é

li

- .

sòti

Lò

-a

.

“

ouvri kodên Tout moun sézi oûgâ kôtâ

Bòkò

pati

li

di :

,

ou

ba

-pa

”

li, li

chapo

jwên bag

a -

.

-

la

sòt tôbé

bat bravo Rwa

bòkòa

-â

lâ , n, ,

-

prâ kouto

you gro sòm lajâ prâ

oûgâ

;

a

bread

Yo

mwê

di . : ”

-l

,

bâ

li

fè

mwê

kat

gro kodên

bâ

isi -a

jâ

-a

bag

-

é

kodên

li di

lè

ou

“ M

,

jâ

-

gro

ouvri fal Rwa

paré rwa rivé dévâ

grâ kou

wè nou gêgnê tèl mênê

mênê

yo nâ

é

fè -

vini ou

-a

l

Yo

tiré

li .

li

-a

fè

Démê matê bòkò

a

,

,

,

ou

kabân

got

you

it

-

nâ li, - “

nâ

.

-

-l

,

la

alé nâ -

kouché

turkey

asâblé

the

of being

quantity male turkey and candy jam money then the sorcerer put into piece took the ring

said

pou

When

instead

big

mal

nâ

li

la

-

-a

fè

é

yo

al

nou . "

that ,

turkey here” ; the maid answered " Yes , papa . " " If you want to escape , bring it to me quickly , with the biggest male turkey . ” The maid ran to join the others. Later she brought the ring and a

Have

( it ).

li pòté bag -la ak -you gro

nou mèt

you . ”

to

surprised , he fell to laughing : “ Ha , ha , ha !” and he said : " I was watching your pretence ! Bring me the ring im mediately , ” and the oungan said :

kodên é-you kâtité bôbô , kôfitu , lajâ ; prâ bag alò bòkò fouré moso pê kodên valé Épi moun plas mété kodên Nou mêm

it

sorcerer heard

“

Pi ta

give

As in

gro

141

left

: Money -Giving Lizard .] té-rélé Wadilé té- pòv toujou

day the suffering became ever harder going big He resigned himself

;

he

an

,

ll

I'

it

),

he

.”

.

to he

a

.

in ) ,

. .

to

, a

.

to

to

a

at

-

he

but

.

to

)

of

(

lot

a

,

forgot the

in

of

the pocket the had had While hunting

.

on

he

of

the cock

to

off

he

]

went

know

and took money pit

up

]

in

[ lit .

of

]

's

,

around Wadilé wife came across the and immediately she hastened

key

,

of

.

open the door the cabinet She came upon the snake which was

foot around

;

a

the size

of

li

.

fè

clothing

,

,

:

l-

li li,

,

li

la

tèlmâ sézi tôbé konésâs Koulèv faché sòti rout chémê mété châté

and

quite distant place key the cabinet

[

koulèv

âtouraj

her heart she had

One day Wadilé got his fine roosters with

[

-

sou

ouvri pòt

fâm la é nâ - - nâ ki

sou

Nâ

-

tôbé

al

soté

-

.

li -a

sou

-

Li

la .

-

you

kòk gadiè

blié klé kabinèt

Wadilé kouri

al sâ -

,

-a

té -

grosè

li

,

madâm

klé touswit kabinèt

pati

nâ

,

ki li

rad

pié

nâ

pòch

prâ

to

li , li

lajâ

-

âpil

té

ak

yo jou

self

Wadilé lévé

koté lwê âpil mê

chaché

of

,

in so

a

up

a

,

Wadilé became very very rich man Everything his wife did make him tell where found money like that

Wadilé refused talk her But days later the woman said her

-

la ou

li

kalité

to

]

[

it,

to

it

(

him

few

You

a

to

as

so

,

a

to

to

he

of

(

. -

sa nâ

and bread

grow

that was what ate found gold coins number the cabinet just like that He picked them

li

kè -l l.

in

a

each time Wadilé brought

li

sa

. nâ

di

Wadilé put

the courtyard and key

door with

The little snake started

-

sé - é lò

,

sa

kô -

,

kÔ -

yo

l

-l

fè

,

of

it

cabinet

in

the little snake home

Tou

.

li

-

kèk

people see

for you

to

kôné

a

it

responsible

court

the

that people

he

nâ

fòk

.all If

see

said

your house

carried

'

Mê

sa

lajâ

pou

koté Wadilé réfizé palé jou apré fâm

kô -

jwên

âpil âpil

rich

-l di -

li ou

la

. Li

, -

madâm

nòm

have

the oungan

and

room

won

chak

li

li

ba

-

la

Ti -

té sa

Wadilé vin

râmosé

take

in

'll

put

it

'll :

snake inside You

closed the

kabinet

the house

matches which had

your house

not

koulèv koûmâsé grâdi pê poté fwa Wadilé mâjé jwên kâtité piès

box

yard

't

.

to

's .

a

-l

-

ak -

little

you

charm

who had renown

gave

him

get

He went

at

L

.

ki

li

,

pou

ou

,

di -l - , al , - nâ - l: té

l-la

-a - dâ -1

w

oungan

nâ

ou ” la

,

-

é

li

mété fèmê pòt

oungan money

moun wè Wadilé pòté you kabinèt klé

-

-

-l

la

ti -

-

nâ lakou

mété

Si

tou

réspôsab

koulèv

té -

ou

ti -

-

wè

-

mwê

lakay

lakou

-l

-pa pa

châm

moun

koulèv lakay

li . .

you

-l

-a -

“ W

pòté

di -

-â

gêgnê you

bwat alimèt

you

li

oûgâ

nâ

kay

ba

l--

pou

ki ,

prâ you pwê pou lajâ you oùgâ gêgnê rénomé

to

.

you gro oûgâ

.

his

li.

ak madâm

a

l-

al

-

la

Chak soufrâs rézigné prâ

him

li yo

“

li

lè

whom

very

.

jou

mâjé pou l-bay pitit

Li

they called Wadilé poor was . There came a time [when ] he wasn 't able to find food to give children and his wife Every man

A

pa -kap jwen

pi

you

rèd

nòm

gê

You

yo

âpil . Li rivé

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

of

(Wadilé

ka vin

.

7

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

be

AMERICAN

142

the woman

143

CREOLE

that

aback

un

she fell

on he

taken

]

so

was

(

HAITIAN

HALL )

The snake was angry went out and went his way and sing the way started

:

to

the I

m

I'

.

't

don

,

for

,

, “ , , e . I' , m

ê

. ê.

-

ê .ê”

wa Wadilé the light hinders looking Wadilé looking for see Wadilé

Wa

me

e

jou

,

-

,

m

-

-

-

M

“

Wa wa Wadilé baré mwê pa wè Wadilé chaché Wadilé chaché fâm wè mwê

woman that saw me Wadilé was playing

“

at

:

't 's ,

, ).”

's : .”

m

,

I'

,

,

a

he

,

-

in

]

[

a

's

m

I'

,

)

(

listen

saddled

to

.

).

re .

snake

he

he

the

get him

to

he

(

]

, [

he

.

,

]

.

,

at

of

to

the

. 's 's

.

slap

All

the

es

single

dead once had disappeared

.

a

the snake onto the snake

[ lit

he

put

rushed

at

]

[

).

fell

tip

gave

he

tail

the him it

he

,

arrived

saw

and

he

."

he

,

he

;

when

cabinet tail ran

a

if

,

;

“

him

The wife became poor again

she had been before

.

as

:

(

noth

the snake refused When very much the snake told you find my heart Go home gal return Wadilé set out

;

.

.

8

did

begged him

caped Clean

came upon

,

turn

money

and Brother

to

he

,

,

“

(

to

Finally

Everything

Wadilé

Sister

him

that

left The snake went along and sang went along and sang The more Wadilé hurried the more felt there was something wrong

and

lop

âvâ

my

going

But Wadilé didn anybody he had his horse

:

, yé .

-l té -

just

Gentle

stay now dear fellow notion you have there

ing wrong

[

,

Lò l -

, l. fè

sa

,

la

-

ou

té -

li

nâ

No my

he

fè

.”

li

ba -la nâ -l

“

di l-:

-

-l

.

Wadilé tôbé sèl kou gêgnê sové Tout lajâ rétoûnê pòv kou

the cock pit

short and said men there misfortune house not staying Everybody came and said

ll

.”

li la

-

.

.

Wadilé

kouri

stopped

I'

,

li

,

-

la

-

m

,

lò m li -a la

lakay

wè pwet ké koulèv kêbé ké koulèv

li ,

, -

.

-

li

mouri

Al

toûnê

rivé

you sèl souflèt

Madâm

nô ,

.”

mô

,

.

.

-

la

Tou

réfizé

li

la

-a

gê

-

nâ

-

,

m

, nâ -

,

, gê l- .

li li

kè -

-

-l -l ou

si

kouri

Mê sélé

maché Plis Wadilé you bagay Vwala

sâti

pati tout kous li

pwê

koulèv koulèv tròp koulèv

kabinèt

rété âyê

chè

châté

toûnê jwên

Tout moun

alé

sou

,

li

vin sòti

pou prié

,

di : ap

-

:

-l

ou di -

-

plis

présé

rété lakay

malè

pati Koulèv

maché

li

l-

châté

gadiè

pèsôn

kouté

é

, li

Wadilé chwal

Nô

pa

sé -

vini lidé

rété

fè “

, , sa m , yo p li

-

mwê

jwé

Msié

“

t-

Wadilé

kô

-ap

, e , e ."

-

M

he

,

.

;

conscious

and

water

a

a

.

,

a

for

boy child

brought

dirty

water

.

-

pou

he

.

li

, dlo

-

nâ

gasô

â

mâdé

girl mother who had Every time the girl went water she brought clean water Every time the boy went for There was

child and

, .

ki . té

you

Chak you pròp poté poté dlo

ti -

-n

gasô

al

li

,

dlo

pitit

gasô

sal Mâmâ

.

dlo

Chak kou

gêgnê

mâmâ you

ti - nâ -

al

ti fi -a

ak

you

pitit

-â

-Sé fi, té -

.]

Dirty Water

His

AMERICAN

144

ki li

poté dlo sal,

toujou

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION paské

“ Sé

li

dwé rété nâ -dézòd ?” Ti-gasô - â répôn : “ Xô , mâmâ , mwê pa - nâ -dézòd . Sè -

mwê gê you abitid kité mwê alé dévâ , li-mêm li rété dèyè . Alè -ki-lè m -ap véyé li."

mother asked the boy why he always brought dirty water , “ Was it because he had to stay in a mess ? ” The boy answered : “ No, mother , I'm not dirty .

My

sister has the habit of letting me while she stays behind . Now watch over her .”

go ahead

to

]

,

[

]

he

,

(

.

he

(

).

is

; ;

:

to

, ,

good

;

my

good

friend

,

Tezeng

.

mwê

my

zeng

Mr

zề .

ami

,

bộ

,

friend Mouché Tézê

the water

is

Tezeng

is

zê ;

mắê

in is

is

;

zê

;

ami

,

dlo

“

:

.

's

I'

ll

what there sing his sister start my Tezeng good friend zeng my good friend zeng Tezeng

zê

,

,

ami mwê ami mwê bộ

Téze

ni bô bộ

“

Tézê

Today "

up

a

[ lit ;

he

go to ,

see

what

and

turned

said

He heard Tézê

he

his

calabash and went When the girl was getting the water suddenly the boy started run show the girl how fast filled

]

:

prâ châté

When

to

li

Li ,

.”

ki

-

m

sa

,

li

li

fi -a

li

-

-a

li

"

di li :

could and then hid behind tree

vit

away

jâ

pralé épi môtré dèyè you pié viré bwa kaché apwè gêgnê Jodi tâdé

pou

ti -

the next day came, the boy girl and the went to the water . The girl said to the boy “ Go ahead , (I will come ] after .” The boy went [and ]

sè

I' ll

Lè démê rivé ti- gasô - â ak -ti- fi -a alé nâ -dlo . Ti - fi- a di ti- gasô - â “ Maché dévâ , mwê dèyè . ” Ti- gasôâ alé, li plê kalbas li , li rétoûnê . Ti- fi-a mêm ap rivé nâ -dlo , wap , ti- gasô - â prâ kouri

He

big fish appear

.

,

.

to

.

The water became clean The fish talked the girl When they finished talking the saw

a

-

Lè a

. .

viré

some water

took

and

]

girl

[

li

prâ

,

ti fi -a

palé dlo

-â

.

yo

gro pwasố

Pwasô

fini palé

parèt Dlo

ki

wè you

vini prop

ak ti fi -a .

Li

.”

zeng

turned

, he

; -

by

.

I'

ll

,

and make

lot

of

The

.

a

girl

a

go

to

“

:

,

for her

that

him

the

trip

town

]

[

girl and she morning m

Tomorrow

I'

:

her

“

The mother called the said

to

Dêmê achté

Give

.”

to

lavil

- : a " -

li

, di 1 w -

ou

oyé

,

ti fi -a

ap â

-v

-

-

m

rélé

to

.”

home the mother told

errands

Mâmâ

It 's

:

“

]

time

had

father said

matê

a

he

,

he

his he

,

[

of

li tâ

gê

a -

get home everything told mother The mother said well take care this When the father came

and

),

lavil

When the boy saw his sister com ing passed ran short cut

(

Bay

ti fi -a -â

.

,

,

vini mâmâ

papa

”

sa

tout

m

biệ

,

chimê koupé rakôté mâmâ

Papa rakôté âpil kômisiô pou li

vini

-

-â li nâ -â l-al a - di a : fè sè " di : li “ Sé , .

ti -

wè

Mâmâ Lè

réglé

sa . ”

.

bagay

li

li

,

kouri rivé lakay

,

pasé

ni li

gasô

Kou

ap

.

away

of

's

a

'll

,

a

,

's

,

a

I ,

“

:

]

[

(

and she sang the same little

[

. ) ,

name

and

She passed the water Tezeng that was the fish

]

.

's

."

,

she saddled her horse

she set out she called

-a

,

to

,

a

.”

up

early

's ,

mêm

worth

onions penny

girl answered Very well morning The next she got

.

li

's

mother

rélé Tezê

châté

worth thread everything

of

sélé bèt

li, .”

The

ti

-a

-

),

1

-

mâmâ

buy

by

li biê ,

, ,

Li

sé -

(

châté

nâ

.

pwasÔ

li

nô

li

Dêmê matê lévé bònè pati pasé dlo

penny

worth

li

Sé -

“

-

a

:

répôn

fi -

Ti -

a

of

.”

sending you town you penny worth penny salt pepper penny worth of

,

fil ,

,

145

of

sèl ,

you kòb you kòb pwav you kòb y ou you kòb tout bagay siv kòb

CREOLE

's

HAITIAN

HALL ]

to

of

,

's

,

to

,

,

he .

'll

to left

their house and cooked fine dish

of

.

him

They

a

carried him

,

. . .

to

.

to

-

.”

,

:

,

,

-

pou

his

loaded

went the water with the boy The boy began sing The fish ap peared they the father shot him

,

-

yo pa â .

li

. .

yo .

,

ti fi . li .

li

-a

-â

-â

châté Pwasô poté kay rèt papa tiré plat mâjé you kwit Yo kité bèl

é

he

But the father

.”

li

,

ak -ti -a

-

-

alé nâ dlo

prâ

gasô

to

quickly gun

'll ' ' ll ll

she bought the things very

“

chajé

gasô

a

ni , li

Mê papa

go

nâ -

“

w

lavil

. al

vit ,

yo

a

l vit -

,

viré

fi -

Ti , Ti

komisiô karabin

said

achté

-a -

w

-

mwê

Tezeng appeared

When the girl

You town when noon rings you look into your hand you kerchief see three drops blood you know that me dying The girl turned she went town

wè twa dégout mouri

ki

sé

-a -

w

,

sônê ou

ou ,

mouchwa kônê sâ

ti -

midi

lò

lavil

Ou pral gadé

-a fi- a:

Tézê parèt

li di

, Lè

song

food for

the girl looked her handkerchief she saw three drops crying until she blood She fell in

to

.

at

.” to

I

]

(

it,

she

started

. , ..

"

“

. .

As .

and

Tezeng

to

,

:

[

with

;

]

't

's

it

,

.” :

“

.”

:

,

my sister Mother here sinking into the ground The mother answered Shut your mouth there true called

isn

bouch

ar

she was singing she was sinking entering the ground the boy

[ lit .

,

tè

nâ -

-ap ti -

sè “

:

,

vré

mwê

Pé

-ap

,

Mâma mê Mâmâ répôn

.”

, â-

sé tè ”

rélé

l-

- . ap -pa :“

Lò -l -â

la

ou

âtré

sing

âtré

she

the pur

her mother said her you the food left She the food she went behind the and

's

“

Here

When

for

chases

her home

she gave her mother

]

prâ

,

rived

house châté

,

,

.

arrived

prâ

took

gasô

exactly

noon

“

li :

li Li di

li

li,

-

kay

."

ak ou

-

Tèzê

bay

. . .

“

pasé dèyè

li

,

rivé

At

of

nâ -

.

Li tôbé krié

”

a

-

. . .

châté

sâ

.

yo , li

li n

,

mâjé

Lè

komisiô mâmâ mwê kité pou

Mê mâjé

li

“

-

mâmâ

mouchwa

li

-fia

wè twa dégout rivé lakay

jis

li, li pou

gadé

ti -

midi jus

-

A

.

the girl

AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL

The boy said : “ Mother , hurry , and see . ” When the mother came she found the girl already sunk

come

.

in

)

a

to

.

]

ve

to

cat

ve

"

:

a

you know

when

,

that man

no

it

to

'

,

re

I'

,

kâ ou ,

tree

The said Now you turned professor who does everything having good time shown you you going and showing Brother Dog friend

stay mine very well now you you brought where are that what about that the goat didn succeed

,

't

climb

to

knowing how ]

lit .

learning

(

in

it

”

's

;

'll

of

. sé -

la , ”

sa

-

-a -

w

kabrit

ki ,

pa

li,

sa

nâ

zâmi mwê

who was showing

climb

;

vin

lè

ou

ki -

tou -

-

“

lè pa ki lè

nòm

rété réisi kôn môté bwa

a

,

toûnê

mwê môtré môtré kôpè chê

fè

amizé kônê biê

biê

Alè vin

fè sé ou ou -

ou

,

profésè

ki di :

Chat

.

from

the dog how

a

the goat

[ lit

.

,

.

-

-ap

-

k

vin

.

Cat Goat and Dog The cat who was showing the goat how climb tree One day the cat came and prevented

,

ak

,

ap 9 .

-

-

t

,

Chat Kabrit Chê Chat môtré kabrit môté bwa You jou chat baré kabrit môtré chê môté bwa

,

, ki

lit .

into the earth ; she grabbed a tress of hair which had stayed (outside ] ; the hair came off [ broke her hands

' .

di: “ Mâmâ , kouri vini Lò mâmâ vini li jwên ti- fi -a fini âtré nâ -tè , li kêbé you très chévé li ki té-rété , chévé -a kasé nâ -mê ni.

Ti-gasôâ

wè. ”

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

is

146

A

.

of

),

he

(

,

set

,

.

,

:“

a

,

a

to

of

.”

a

]

.

to

't

want

The

don be

lose face do

[

he .

, ]

[

crossed the stream

The lion

saw

,

,

“

be

)

him

[

;

out but instead thanking My dear this way :

him

ever that me was fishing and then to

you

you saw

his

this hastened

do

you came and pestered

me

.”

don

along

him

come into

I

again

pull

donkey

't

man

who him

and

the talked

to

.

,

to to

pull

the current started the water started ears

, ,

.

as

,

to

fore the lion tried the same thing him He fell into the water

go

di -l

and

; ,

fè

li

sa

,

-l

long

They take little walk they came the edge single leap The lion gave

and

key who didn

of to

,

,

mwê

The Donkey

and

a

stream

dlo

péché pwasố épi

.” ap -

go

.

-a

out

li

ou

,

-

m m

-

ou

ki

li .

lié -

-

, li

“

bourik rémèsi piga jâm

chè

wè kôtrarié

,

vin

o

lâ

:

sa

-

ou sa kô

âkò

Mô

let , 's

ti - di : -pi pè

liô

bò

liô

chèché

kourâ kômâsé tréné dlo kômâsé zorèy âtré Liô wè kouri alé wété

The Lion

time ago the lion was afraid the donkey because saw the donkey bigger man than him One day was Donkey my dear chap the lion said

nâ -

li .

Li

ké

tôbé

you dlo

travésé

-

té - té -

liô

tâ

-

yo

fè

ân

,

you

rivé

li

pa

jou

ale

bô ,

ki

bourik

vlé rôt dévâ

bagay

mêm

-

té -

,

li

pati sèl

Bourik fè

Gnou

chè

Yo

fè

you

Liô

dlo

.

-

ak

.

.”

“

,

Bourik promnad

wè

.

,

pasé

-

gro nèg

Lô

Bourik

paské mô

.

Liô

bourik

li

10

.

trees

didn t

continued ;

they

from

leap

passing

;

them

single

]

I

]

[

,

his

he

;

he

."

be

:

“

to

[

a

it .

and finally jump and

made

is

in

to

I

't

,

I

:

.”

donkey

,

neck

he

him

's

the

little boy put

he it

rope

a

saw

piece

he

a

The lion

;

.

day

come with

happen

a

back home

around

don like the donkey

,

finished

market

chap

said

again When they went their walk The next morning was

That won

they

so

dear

to

my

The lion

this

to

ve

m

front and behind heavier

this

come bother pushing down can see which

I'

see

dear man

,

.

“

:

My

'

makes twice you You

]

[

it

,

to

.

the lion like this

me

he

got mind caught The lion saw and he ran unhook him The donkey talked

of

la sa

-

. m a -

-

liô

way and that

't

,

t-

liô

réglé

biê mâjé bourik a

,

é

fè

ki

-

sa

sé

, ,

li

li

,

la

-

-

"

di :

wè

kwè bourik

'

I

and got donkey over The said seem stopped The donkey was really and truly stopped turned this the lion made

.

.

yo

.

t-

-

la

- ki lè té - - . ki lè Lò

-

-

a

tout volé

Mwê mêm

kichoy

vo

”

li

, té -

li

bourik kité

kept

gate which

;

ès yo

.”

.”

-

ak

-

li

épi

lâ

kou bourik môté pasé bourik dé gro kou batô

and

me,

Excuse

they

came to a place (where ] they found a

up

m

-pa

,

p

té yo -

-

sé

:“

li ti -

li

pasé

know , "

to

,

fè

-

-ap dé l.

sa

,

ki -l -

ak -

Sa

,

lou môchè mwê kôtâ Liô apé rivé âkò Bourik Kâ fini promênê rétoûnê lakay you jou maché Liô Dêmê matê gasô vini you bou wè you kòd

:“

The lion said

.

lè

,

-l li

li

li “

:

sa

chè

. -

kô -

wê ,

-

a

.” -l .

li

bô

"

. ba ,

kouri dekroké

Mô

kôtrarié mwê Ou wè dèyè pou mwê wè

fwa pézé dévâ

di ki -pi

vré viré isit rézigné voltijé

-

ou

vin

liô

di

li

-

li

la

viré lafê épi kroké Liê

Bourik

gêbô ,

sèl

fè

liô

di :

Bourik âtravé tout

147

.”

di: “ Eskizé mwê , m -pa - té , kônê ” épi yo kôtinié , yo rivé you koté , yo jwên you klotu ki âpéché yo you pasé , travésé Bourik Mwê âtravé Liô

CREOLE

“

HAITIAN

HALL ]

he

, .

lit

]

[

a

,

gave the mounted and then donkey two big blows with stick donkey speed and the out full

I

. it

.

He had

.

little , at

a

in

lived

you

if

before his door

simply

,

who passed

]

(

the side the road His trade was that every he he

off saw

and who

children

, of

.

.

corner

person

by

hut

He

There was

lazy

ran

a

straw

fix

I' ll

,

!

's

;

”

a

wife and many

never worked

all

he a

to

,

;

, ,

little stopped you far road took away everything you had that was

-

li

-

ap

bab

-

a

vin

li

,

ou

â

sa

tôtô li

gnou

do

jou

sèlmâ

who was very

man

had

a

-

ki nâ Li -

.

rété

The Thief and The Lord

he

ak

gê

gê

-

bò jâm

é -té , li

té

baré

gêgnê

you makout

-

madâm

you chémê pasé chak moun wè ânik kouri

nâ -

.

fè

ak

Gnou

you nòm

travay

chémê lwê

tou

wété

Té

; , ou li li, sé -

nâ -

you

-ap

pay

ti - li sa , si ou

pòt

dévâ

ki .

-

kay Métié

li

.

kôtou

t

ak

ti - .

nâ -

you

blâch

Li

âpil pitit

Bô Dié

âpil pa

té - 11 .

ki

Vòlè

parésé

"

]

.

I

ſlit

When the lion saw that said And thought donkey who the was worth something Well now him that what brought about that the lion eats the donkey

old

an

did

a

a

.

, 's

“

:

;

he

by

]

[

to

;

he

it .

he

]

he

in

of

(

,

a

he

)

.

old

he

,

[

,

;

it

to

a

he

his

? ”

with anything full

looked him

in

't

't ,

he

,

say

up

Isn

“

I'

old

to

.”

ll

I'

:

byit

.

or

ve

The man

,

”

“

when

cut

a

he

he ,

of

wood

;

big

.

a

,

went into the woods

man

piece

fin

had

it

at

]

he

,

he

[

a

of old

to

.”

leave

'll

you

:

said

man be

rent

to

or old

have

'll

]

,

You

lent every day

I

,

for

I ll

I'

,

to

lit .

you

.

with him

The

either sell

for two weeks

loan

's

,

,

't

I to

't

can can

mill

the

me

do

:

what

[

away

I “I

,

answered him

can

.”

.”

Well rent him

work The sell the don

is ,

No

The master

me

now

of

key

me

,

:

“

,

here sell man said

to

him

good donkey

a

need

ve

'

:

“

,

ing when appeared the master the mill spoke thus Uncle there got there how fine animal you

a

he

a

.

he

's

,

a

,

he

put cut fine liana around the donkey neck and set out with him When arrived place where there was big mill roll

;

la â :

-

fè

ou

sa

The

you whose

hurry

fellow

any more

ished

“

yo ,

.

li

? ”

wè

ki

you

the old man didn

him

a

, li

la

dlo

,

, -à

sé -

-pa

travay âkò bourik sèl

Dié

me

My dear he

di

ou

- ki

li .

fè .”

-â

sa

té

mâdé mèt moulê travay biệ Mèt

sé - la

, -

sé -

Bộ

travay

, :“

Tôtô

kill

.”

-pa ,

ap

-

-

-

ak

li

-

,

m

-t

a

-

va

li

sa

va -

jwên

-di a

-

la

,

yo

li

fè

"

Éské bourik

répôn

said

“

li

li

,

li li

ap -

-

“ É

"

:

sa

li;

-

,

ou

ou

koté

Mété

you bèl dyob prâ bourik bagas ralé moulê charié siro voyé lavil bwa kòm touyé touyé bourik Kêz jou vin rivé Tôtôâ parèt kou rivé prémié bagay

else

old

li

pa di : -

, la ,

ni

”

,

-a -

-â -

Mèt moulê

there

man spoke thus just passed house

vân

mèt moulê rémèsié

lé . li , é li kô - . li -kô

mach

tôtô

the first

front

was the man whose house had just passed The man said the old man Give me everything you have

biê

ravay

when

standing

the face blew Flou and the man big male donkey turned into The

Mwê mwê kapab

kichoy

W

.

-

â

moulê

nâ

li

k

-â

bô

-

-â

.”

li .

ni

-

prété

jou chak mété pou mwê dapré

Épi

li

li

-

li .

ak

li

:

m

jâ

di

la

-

sé

kité

Tôtô répôn

vân lwé pou mwê déò pou kêz jou

li

fè ,

kapab

kab

mwề

Mèt moulê

-

lwé mwê

Nô

“

,

la

m -t ã

-

Tôtô

gro moulê

,

,

“

:

sa

kô pou

bourik

you

parèt mèt moulê Tôtô ala you bèl bèt bézwê you bourik ravay isit vân mwê nô

kou

gêgnê

-a

-

lò li

,

fê , t-

.

li

,

ki -la

gêgnê

koté roulé

steps

few saw

him

, :“

,

pa

li, -di -

nâ

Tôtô âtré bwa koupé you gro bou bwa fini koupé you liân biê pasé kou pati bourik Lè rivé you

person

:

.

-

figi

man gone

;

sa

ou ” “

nâ

di :

lâ

li

chè

toûnê you gro

-â

mal bourik

biệ

-

nòm

Mô

tôtôâ

light asked for little fire pipe they gave they him were making coffee they gave him some and drank When was through thanked them and then he turned away Scarcely had the then

”

-

ou lâ sé -

li

li .

Bâ

ap -

-

gadé -

:“

ak

ou ? ”

Flou

souflé

mwê

” é

,

li

débrouyé âgnê âkò

, ” la

Nòm

-a

ou

lakay

-

:“

ou m

ou

sa la

kô -

di

“

:

-

di

sa

li

nâ

-

li

prémié moun dévâ nòm sòti pasé lakay Nòm tôtô kô mwê tout poté biê tué Tôtôâ Apa mêm mwê sòti pasé

One day man with bag came passing white beard and went into the man house and said Good morning and

he

to

-

, li

pa yo ,

kèk

fè

-

fè

li

.

rémèsié

pên

A

-ap

yo

t-

li li,

Lò

fini tôtôâ wè plâté

bwè

viré

li

épi

yo li

li, pip , ” li li,

ba

yo

limê

ti -

âtré kay nòm -nâ , li di: épi mâdé you difé pou ba kafé

li

Bôjou

.

“

pasé ,

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

as

AMERICAN

148 .

him

work

put some

, ,

him

al

-

,

,

him

,

took

they the town donkey most killed the The fifteen days passed The old man showed

when

arrived the

asked the master

"

]:

he

;

said

Did

the work

of

had first thing mill was

he

.

up

.

]

;

from

[

sent

donkey

the

well

(

:

“

,

The master answered Uncle just ordinary that wasn work the donkey worked only the Lord can see what you done for me too bad

't

he

Then

,

gave the old man the donkey with little bag which held the money

he he a

't

me

.”

sell

can

to

you

him

'

s

; it '

ve

,

.

he a

.

.

ter him

of

deal

)

nòm

kônê

the donkey pull the mill carry syrup made and sugar cane lees and wood they beautiful

(

-

la

-

li

té -

. -

alé

, li , yé

é -

â

-

té - li

Bô Dié tôtô

rémèsié

Sé ou ou li yé -a -la - -té pa la - ki di : . ,

li

-

,

sé

ou

-

ti -

ki li -

nâ

travay pou

papa

mêm

toûnê bèt

sak lajâ épi pou swè

ou

li

pou

-

”

:

“

di

,

li

.

“

, :

nâ

,

sa

li,

figi

toûnê moun

rémèt sé - sé -

-â ou

nôm

Nòm

.”

gadé bourik

Flou

vòlè

-pa té -

Orévwa koté nòm nâ

mêm

-

a

li

- fè

,

té

âvâ

moun

-

.

he

in

the donkey

he

the

still

stood

the eyes

he .

He looked

him

,

man had stopped

,

the same place where

to

he got

”

“

-

,

he

.

,

had set aside for him and then thanked him The old man took the donkey and the little money said departed Good bye and When

in

he

, ]

(

,

for to

you

you

] be he a ;

to

as

it

's

is

,

's

s

you

the him

to

old

The man gave money and said

Here this this what your sweat that gives

" it '

him

a

little

bag

of

.

had been

, :

:“

he

Flou

"

his face the same way had done before when the man had turned into the animal and the man turned into man the way blew

so

,

must work not The man thanked him and went away was our Father the

It

.

[

.”

thief

.

know

the man

wife and

his

Now

's

,

yo

li

pitit

-

ak

nòm

-

't

the man didn Atò Madâm

it

,

Good Lord that the old man was and nâ

é “

li

,

li -

jâ nâ li jé

souflé

Tôtô

ba

rivé kâpé

nâ ” Li té - nâ jâ -

ak

Kā

baré

Mê

lajâ

li -ti -

la

.

é té - -

li

-

bourik pati

They

]

rémèt

- ti - sak ki gê lajâ li té -mét a -koté pou - li é- pi li rémèsié li. Tôtô - â prâ ak

me according to what he does .” [ ) set the mill going and the master of the mill thanked Then the old man left The mas the mill who had found such thing aside for

he

tôtôâ bourik - la ,

149

? ”

mwê li. ” Épi li

[

pou -mwê ; sé -domaj ou pa - kapab vân

CREOLE

as

HAITIAN

HALL )

chil

[ lit

,

]

,

,

.

“

:

? ”

of

,

,

us

it .

worked

.

[

to

,

'

it s

it

off ”

s

's

] on , he

the

the man left

and

,

for

it '

think about

to

't

a

go

let

;

of

,

gave

to

m

.

-

a

I'

,

a

of

to

to

in

crossroads and

,

a

he

, is )

of

took

another put the shoe the

of

he

he

went

by:

what did he passed

[

,

,

road

middle

he

.

A

to

in

it;

to

a

,

a

a

on

of

a

shoe

here

single

hid

, a

in

,

shoe which

seemed

for her At vendor didn

good

time the syrup

.

would

't

that

single

be

she saw

a

,

to

at

. ,

the woman Well when the woman walked along short time she arrived the cross roads she cast her eyes the ground the actions

] it

't

.

,

other one

I

the

it

to

be

I

found

,

:

“

a

better

on

put have even sandal her feet spoke She thus Sir wouldn be [ ]if

passed

,

under the coffee

,

the shoe

he

,

,

.

”

glad would and she con walking tinued The boy however watched the woman carefully he took surely

,

li al

syrup

if

. di lòt

kalfou

going tell you boy and syrup vendor

woman who carried big calabash her head with syrup going she was the boy who was eager market drink

see

-

li

-

Li

gâ

”

,

pasé

kouri

lòt

li

épi véyé

friends

There was

tray

as

ki ka -

li

lâ

lè

.

mêm

li li

-â

,

-

lâ

-a

.

li

thief

the story

[

, , l-, al

li

.

l- atpa - a- tè , li té li a

nâ - té - -épi 1

m

-t a -

m

-a

li

-

â

,

-

ti -

: .

l-

lòt fè

la

-

-

, .

biê

lâ

mêm

prâ soulié

ba kafé bânân you mété grên soulié épi kaché âkò

â

pou

jwên

kôtâ

gasô

to

.

to

.

.

-y

sa

ti -

l--pa

kôtâ

Ti -

-

, -

madâm

bô

mété pito

kôtinié maché

mâmzèl you

ba

ala

Bô

wè

ké “

:

sa

Msié

lâ

-

kô

grên

mété

épi

rivé

sâblé machân siro

s

Alò

gasố

prâ you grên

momâ

voyé

you sapat pou

siro

-ljé

-a

fâm

ki

soulié

li

,

,

grên

gro

ak

-

-

lâ

-l -

wè fêt

kalfou

You

you kalfou

mitâ

you

maché

kalbas

chémê

li

-a

soulié ché pou

My

-n

ki

-y

li,

lâ

-

dâ

-

â

té - la

, vi , li

pasé you

need

that time

there

which

brow

you don

find work

see

;

my

the same thing

.]

-

-

ak

ti - -

,

m

(B

.

12

sé -

poté you

you madâm Vwala ou bak sou tèt

bwè siro

“

:

,

you think long ago what you

being

soulié

't him to

.

to

,

where

robbers

From

maché

The Daddy

him

have you been The looking children were The man spoke them thus Look you gang little thieves little lazyboneses little

sweat

pral

come and meet yell

started

daddy

me

oy and Syrup Vendor pral rakôté Mé zâmi istwa you ou machân siro gasô

him

,

;

all try

ran

children

[ as ]

li .”

li

,

nâ

-

,

sa -a

lè

nou

,

-m

mwê

Dépi bézwê mèt lidé nou sou travay nòm kité vòlè

had hadn seen thought he had gone another coun appear they when they saw

,

la -a

wè

who had been two weeks since

do

,

chèché

nou

dren

they

to

, yo ,

lâ

nou

vòlè

ân -

,

, ti

Gadé

-â

lòtâ

yo li,

kâ

; té -

-

prâ

Ti - sa : : “ " -

kô

bâ sa

-pa-

vin

yo lòt

-y

yo

ki fè, ,

-

pou nou

swé frô mwê

sé

moun

”

té lâ

,

mêm

travay

jwên

Papa

rélé

parésé

bagay

sé -

kwè

di yé ?

-

ou lâ

-

ti - .

visié

bân

tout kouri

ti -

papa

-ap

yo

li

, té -

té -

moun koté gadé Nòm

li , Ti -

parèt

li .

kwè

wè

wè

pèi

ap

jou

ou

nâ

dépwi

pati

kêz

yo

ki gêgnê

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION pa

AMERICAN

150

151

CREOLE

,

under the bananas in

to

,

. ; I

,

of

”

it .

go

a

of

to

,

as

he

took

the the

off .

as

,

soon

her back

syrup

]

the

,

[

find

tray

empty

.

to

very surprised

quite ashamed When she had finished cursing the little fellow

:

.

She was

"

on

,

it

,

spat

,

Rascal wretch miserable then she the air three times she took the tray she turned over her

,

li

-

.”

-

prâ

at

!

,

]

interests

in

ba

â

la

-

pa

ki

ebésil

tèt Bèt sòt

sou

syrup

and ran When the vendor returned she was

“

l-

fin

sézi

, ,

“

:

li

,

li

la

-

,

bay

tou

ki - . , l lè ôt :di , Lò li “

Li

vid -lâ .

la

-

ap

l-

ki

bak chaviré sôjé provèb

-

li

prâ

épi

”

mizérab

tou

madichô Toufa maléré épi kraché twa fwa

-a

ti -

kôpè

rétoûnê

put the tray

she took

turned

calabash

Lè machân

't

;

go

[

his own woman

jwên bak

the first one good pair shoes

the road The boy who was looking after

of

-

-a

,

,

1

kouri

back

my foolish

look

back and get

and

.

-â

tâ

kou

prâ kalbas siro

down

was the same one

taken

The woman

li

,

Ti - a-

. a

-

do -

lâ

-

afè

li,

l--

ap

véyé

viré

gasô

.

li

madâm

t-

ki

mêm

toûnê

pou

-â

kêbé chémê

siro

tè

I

must

bak

ar

. .

had

I :“

ness

,

Oh

it

understand

She said

!

As

at on

, -

fell

would have had

Mâmzèl mété

and

the fool had time the other crossroads her eyes the single shoe she wasn able

if

. m

.”

li

m

chèché

put the

crossroads

hid again

soon

rive to

lâ

si - -

,

prâ

gêgnê you

-t al a-

m

Li

pè

toûnê

mwê

lòt

té bô -

soulié

,

tâ

sò -a

lâ

sòt

grên

- -

prémié

sé -

o

sé -

-tpa -a - !

“ O

-a lâ

-ljé

gadé

-

a

!

tâ

sa -a

rivé tôbé sou grên soulié kab kôprân mêm

kalfou

di : li

Dé

gâ

then

ran

another

as

he

shoe

oh

single

to

he

HAITIAN

HALL ]

a

]

[

is

he

]

imbecile

Captain

and

.]

.

(

Chérubin Daughter

's

13

.”

,

animal who gives who does not take

is

:

an “

[

head and then she remembered the proverb which says He foolish

,

,

good morning

,

Good morning

mô kapitên

-

bôjou

cap

tain

in

,

?

,

so

-

,

a

but her father

,

too

and her mother

weren

't

much

the captain

,

very

.

to

.

a

a

There was boat captain who had beautiful daughter There was young man who was named Chérubin who came love her The girl loved him

nâ

-

-

ki nâ a

.

-l

-l

.

wè pasé rivé marié

her

house

.

's

l-,

-pa -pa té -

-n

,

-

té

ak -pa té -l -

Fi -

nòm

rélé Chéribê vin rêmê rêmê âpil tou mê papa kaptên mâmâ vlé Jèn nòm

tâdé

té -

ki jèn

batimâ you gê

-

.

Té

ki

ki

aptên fi

-k

té

Sé -

you

?

a

fi

.

mother gêgnê you bèl

So

are you and you girl Chérubin deceived Rendered her pregnant How

?

vou

-1

li

Sé -

trôpé you Chéribê Âgrosi lakay mâmâ

, é-

,

sa

Kòm

-

ki ?yé

Koumâ

ou

,

,

,

Bôjou

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

this

to

was

soul made her pregnant when they saw that the girl father the girl took her

,

's

,

;

and

.

did

agree

] ]:

to

bring her parents captivated her

(

,

jijé

mâdé

's

-

fi,

,

fi

asépté

fâmi

chên

for [ to lit , .

pa

prâ

yo

,

-a

fi,

yo

-

é

mâmâ

tout moun

,

sa

dépi papa

zâmi fini Chéribê

âfê

yo

wè

willing . The young man , who wouldn 't , had eyes nothing but get marry the girl what

listen ting

he

, sa l-fè pou - l pòté parâ -l yo : li prâ nâm ni épi l-âgrosi -1; lè

ak - fi- ya asépté

, 74

(MEMOIRS

he

AMERICAN

152

't

be

[ lit .

to

,

in

for

asked

him

).

to

.

.

]

[

condemned

the executioner

. 's

his

]

he

("

a

Stephen steel knife and cut off head St .

to

and

Then

out

pulled

knife

him

death

[

-

,

moun aplodi

Dragon judged him

),

,

li

lâ

-

pa

-

yo

,

-a

. l

yo

li .

Lò

.

When was over they didn even bury him except that they sent his

't . him

too

, ,

sorry

they

,

)

it

[

a

.

,

.

.

want

.

't

,

in

to

,

At

to

.

a

,

.

yo

Mésié

for

di

Yo

.

-

dé

-a

, tèt

-

,

sa

a

they were

One day Brother Cock and Brother Pipirite made plot against Laline They said they were going see the king Miss Laline that time

,

frè

jou

tâ

tou

Ché

applauded

had killed him but was bad was too late king who had Laline There was daughter beautiful who was called Laline All the young men who ap marriage peared ask her hand the king didn

kôpè kòk avèk pipirit kôplotay sou Lalin pral jwên rwa pou mâmzèl

-

.

]

,

.

to

.

all

They called

the people

rubin too and

it

vlé

Â

Yô yo yô

ké fè

in

,

's

mire the child

a

gê jâ

-

jèn té

mariaj

,

li

.

. -

-pa

-a

ki

sé

ki .

fi

,

.

ki

rwa Tout

nâ -

yô

14

Lalin Vwala you bèl rélé Lalin parèt pou mâdé mê

Lalin

[

. to

,

handsome that they just took over the captain house come and ad

the dead man

rwa

Then

everybody

Some time afterwards the girl was brought big boy bed she bore baby extremely handsome He proved

,

yo -

.

té -

ta

yo

,

a

-

li

,

li

,

té -

.

-

la

vin

tou

Yo

-1 -

pou

-

nâ

admiré pitit épi tout lapopi rélé Chéribe régrèt lasiô aplodi pou défê tué mê domaj trò

kaptên

the sea and

so

fè

Li

,

.

kay

fè

,

laposésiô

sòti

yo

,

li

vin

ya

sé -

bèl

tèlmâ

akouché

mê bèl bèl bèl

ké -

gasô

thrown the people were glad applauded

fi -

apré

tâ

Kèk you gro

to

body

be

,

.

it

,

-

a

mò Alò bouro ralé you Étièn fini mêm voyé kò pasé jété âtéré Épi lapopilasîô kôtâ tout lâmè

koupé tèt

justice

judged

immediately and They arrested they took him before the Dragon The

”

-l

-1

mêne kôdané

Sê -

-1

,

. -l

yo

touswit épi Dragô jujé

arété

li

Yo

.

C

bin brought

dévâ Dragó

,

,

's

,

mother the girl relatives friends short everybody got angry and they finally didn agree they had Chéru

with Laline , they both said they would get married together (with

her), but those were words in their mouths, the men remained , they were

good on their faces , but they were not good in their hearts . It was thus that

came before the king ;

one day they person

went with the certainty that they were going to marry Miss Laline . When the men arrived at the king 's each

be

;

]

,

all ,

,

,

. a

he of

,

.

a

it

, ,

to

.

in

off .

't

,

to

,

,

on

.

the

little some

found

he

,

he

but

singing with

, ,

you

,

sang

Twi tilili twi tilili

ate

”

of

was

“

him

in

of

's

heard

strength

;

,

,

Cock

.

Brother however was acting indifferent to ”

to

't

he

.. at all . .

loudly Coco cocorico didn find anything eat The king had been careful hide food When the fifteen days were “

sang

but

't

,

branch

to

flying from

was pecking

little leaves

,

was

he

fresh

branch

he

,

,

any end Brother Cock hadn voice any more but Pipirite was still

,

fò

,

li

tè

the trees

little bit that

,

l-a

-

vini

-

a

-

his

a

a

li

ké

,

,

pa

,

-

,

ap

trênê

béké

be

man who was accustomed remain Pipirite month without eating say anything however didn But when the king started them the Pipirite flapped contest his little wings he was flying all the little

-t -

,

té -

,

-

.

.

Kôpè kòk

yo

li

ti - dé

brâch

and

that he was

branch

a

Lè

mouri

li

,

tôbé bip

zèl

â

, , l- -pa ap

gê

.

.

l--

. . .

"

,

“

chèch

ti -

fèy ,

volé brâch grên bwa

means

he declared

branches the trees that were king courtyard But each

châté

jwên koko kokoriko mê âyê pou mâjé Rwa kaché tout mâjé kêz jou bout kôpè kòk vwa âkò mê Pipirit toujou

fwé

good

boast

tâ

.

-

Kôpè

was

to

. ,

li

-

-

té

ti - ki -ti

ti ak “

:

li

-

-

Twi tilili

gê li li

-

fè

ap

l-

”

brâch

fòs

gan

na

grên

kâtamwa

said

rwa zèl

-

.

nâ -

chak

ou

,

li

,

mêm

-mpa

-

li li

-

sâ

di

pa

-

ti - ,

li a . ,

yo

Mê

trouvé kèk valé châté tâdé twi tilili mê ap châté kòk

sé -

,

li

bô

li

yô

nâ -b

yo

li -

brâch

rwa

lakou

bwa

Mê kou

âyê

Pipirit bat bwa

atay

volé tout

-

ap

lagé

l-

mêm

ki -ap

-

â

jou

.

-

, yô

li

di

Pipirit

was the two of them that were asking daughter obliged for would hold contest And then too the king said that each would fast for fifteen days Brother Cock first to

. Épi

kôkou

yô

.

fè

he

l-ap -oblijé

he

li ,

tou , rwa -a di ké -chak moun ap -fè la Kôpè kòk prémié dièt pou kêz moyê kômâsé nèg vâté tèt déklaré ké âjé abitwé rété mwa

house , he received them with much politeness . But he told them , since it

an

- fi

sé -

pou

ké

Lè mésié yo rivé kay rwa - a , li résévwa yo ak -âpil politès . Mê li di yo , piské sé - yo dé ki fè prézâtasiô

[

nâ -kè. Sé -kô-sa ké yô - jou yo rivé dévâ rwa , chak moun alé ak - sètitid ké y - ap -marié ak -mâmzèl Lalin .

both these fine gentlemen were in love

at

rété ,

yo

y - a -marié

sé -té-paròl nâ -bouch , Mésié yo biể nâ - figi , mê yo pa - biê

he

, mê

, ;

âsâb

153

,

rêmê Lalin , yo tou dé di

CREOLE

he

HAITIAN

HALL )

(MEMOIRS ,

AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

154

74

little seeds of the trees . Brother Cock got dry , his two wings dragged on the

a

-

]

a

,

,

.

'

L

- .

a

to

'

L

]

,

[

for

ar it

.

at

off

.

in

'

o

,

a

,

's

“

, :

”

a

't

isn

to

to

in

of

.

in

up

'

o

,

's

,

up

they

he

, .

asked

for

father was

,

him

”

a

a

good character up

a

the they

was handsome man who was not un

He had

good manners

.

) of

,

so

or all .

couth

Crois

he was

at

,

Je

's “

called fellow

father

clock

The girl

,

to

When

they

the family

,

an

as

,

.

either yes they found

no

tell them arrived Brother Snake stiff opera hat sitting chair waiting custom

was

to it

,

,

for

[

).

,

to

- .

If it

was Crab Fisher and Brother Parrot were already good enough But unfortunately them was Ange who according Miss the Brother

on

-

nâ

seven

they woke

themselves

the girl

or

.”

,

-

lit .

.

.

a

towards

was

,

,

-

-

a

t-

wè kôpè

Brother girl

until midnight them spend the They were obliged rest the night the contemplation complaisance the stars When took

rive

of

yo

sé

-

“

mèt môté

-

was five

'

-

:yo

di

si -k

ôpè Koulèv

ou

Mê

ifò ta

sièl kou

.

-li -ayé

,

-a -

,

bô -m

ké

:

répôn Frè Pérokèt kôpè mwê kwè mâmzèl Lâj

and

too much

they went make Ange The place where They left was very far clock the morning and god

L

,

ap

mâdé

Lâj tou Mwê mêm

That

lit .

Si

,

-j

yo

li .

“

pou Frè Pérokèt kôpè Koulèv vin mâdé pou

Brother

declaration

fixed

kôpè Krabié

and

Fisher

Crab said

mès

-

dé

li

palé âtré

Brother

Parrot

morning

Mêm

kick give

mother who had Ange All the beautiful girl called young men who asked for her she refused them But one fine day

pou

tân mâmzèl Lâj pou résévwa kôpè yôn gadé mésié

, -

-

y

di : ,

lòt

tou

-

-ap O -ò ,

.

koulèv

chèz

twalèt

fè

k

al

-

sou

yô

chita

t

ak

.

nô .

biê

There was

[

Lè yo li

,

Jé -

ki bô

sèl sélô

to

]

lie

[

.

yô

fi

Yo -

.

sé -

,

.yo

yo

,

sa

-

Lè ou

di

wi

ba

Mêmalè

Lâj

mâzèl

yo

-a

,

.

déja

papa mésié rivé trouvé kôpè koulèv rèd kou ibis

kôsèy yo

yô fi

ti -

pa

-

té sé -

-a

, yo , ki

pou

bô

-

-

frè

fâmiy

malapwi

nèg

karaktè maniè kôpè Krabié

sété pou misié mêm

Pérokèt mésié

mâdé pou kwa

rélé

,

.

Li

gê

,

gasô

bê sé

yô

bèl tou

yo kô ,

kò

yo

râjé Papa

fi a .

ti - ,

révéyé papa

di - sé

.

di -

è

vè

-

la

nâ -

-

a

yo

è

di -

pati dépi sêk jouk matê minwit rivé Yo oblijé pasé rès kôplézâs zétwal nwit sèt matê Mésié

Crab Fisher

Brother

Parrot

it

fi

li, li

li

,

sé

lwê âpil

-a

.

ré -

-

é

yô

gê

Koté Lâj rété

rasiô

ki

,

fè -t

, "

Bô

Sa

.yo

ak

fuzé Mê fwè Pérokèt Dié -pa yô

Fwè Pérokèt bèl rélé

mâdé pou jou kôpè Krabié ròp pwal dékla

yô jâ

Tout

.

: bô ki ki yo di “

Lâj

Krabie

mâmâ jèn

Té -

gê

.

15

Kôpé you

single

tell

[

me

gave

a

they

and they sent me this here

a

sèl

him to his child Laline . When they were serving dinner , I appeared just to wish luck to Brother Pipirite , long time whom had known for

ried

, I

voyé

-a

t-

yo bâ

-m

pié

kou

pipirit ké mwê mwê yo bay mâti isit

a - fwè

lôtâ , 0 - 0 ,

yo

kônê dépi

.

swété larézoné

pou -m -

sèlmâ

oh

Rwa résévwa pitit li , mwê parèt mâjé aavèk

ground , he fell plop ! [and ] he died . The king accepted Pipirite, he mar

oh

Pipirit , li marié li Lalin . Lè y -ap - sèvi

155

of

,

-

to

,

,

,

[

]

,

:

as

“

:

to

,

to

'

L

oh

-

.

at

to

.”

'

L

,

I

,

,

for

As

:“

.

to

to

go

up

if

'

L

green on

red collar really strong

a

,

has

a

a

,

he

's

all ,

be ]

to

[

is

a

, .

or

,

as

a

,

L

.

[

'

to

.”

on

as

;

Brother Snake heard her com

,

a

gestures

of

she made number the little eyes she cast

at

as

soon

Brother a

]

she asked

' airs

for

Brother morning with what they

finished

them

,

I'

for , for ve

L

]

[i

a

.e .

okra

“

:

-

answered

' ,

very Crab Fisher Ange Miss has been fighting with long time for

Brother

serious

breadplant

Good

lifted Ange

,

“

she

]

”

then

and

needed since

and

single

[

A

Parrot

gentlemen

Miss

those

Crab Fisher -

Brother

all

(

).

to

kiss

on

put

didn

them

the gentleman L

her hand his lips

;

him

.

'

L

[

,

Snake who rose and made little prosternation before Ange She gave

't

see

do

to

of

to

“

Well

,

she said

:

twip

what you will Ange jumped back with

'

Miss

L

come

”

me

all

),

is

loved you but today the day gratification beautiful people

!,

,

.

man who pre

beautiful she was quite beautiful

.

-

-

shirt

the scent

Even

;

yo ”,

.yo ,

pé

-

-

marié touswit

li

kôtâ

,

mêm

.”

li

ri .

Afè

, li di :“

ou

sé -

sèl

Koulèv

Kôpè

Mâmzèl Kôpè Koulèv mô chè Kôpè mwê rêmê sou latè

mêm

rétoûnê

. , bô

do

-

pousé

ô

.

pa

jâ

ti -

yô

yo

Mâmzèl

Koulèv

-ap

.

rôté

kab sòti

for

an

the old man Well two three little steps gave them know that Ange was coming down She Miss was beautiful woman for being

, .

ak

sé

,

a -

t

Mésié

him

yellow

(

sérié

dérâjé mwê lavwè nou mwê rêmê vié krabié djol bòkè Pérokèt nèg sòt Sòti kay mwê òcò

suit

]

- -

ak

sé - -

di

pou

vini

Brother Snake he good tends

to

fè

-a -

w

sa

,

Bô

“

di :

,

you twip

nou

Crab Fisherº for asking

me my friend think that Brother Snake were good Miss Ange could heaven right now But you ought see that swered

,

-

,

ak

-

pou mwê vin wè Mâmzèl Lâj bôdé alariè

li

,

- . ”

mwe

sé

-a

-

moun

Brother

Snake has come ask also Brother Parrot

Ange

all ing

yo

yo

,

.

biê

-

li

ak

li

"

goûmê béréjèn mwê rêmê jodi jou lagrasifikasiô tout bèl

gone

the one and they talked them

other Brother Brother Parrot

Brother

it

yo

fè

-

ak

kôpè

Bôjou

each

said

I'

Yô

, .

yo

épi

sèl

Mâmzèl “

yo bò .

.

jâ

fè

fwè Pérokèt fini

-

é

sa

,

-pa

-ap

:

sa

tout

mâdé gray bézwề Kope Krabié Mâmzèl Lâj dépi kalalou

"

yo ,

Krabié Mésié répôn

pré

li

,

Lâj

t-

li fè

,

-

ti -

lamê mésié lévé

m

-

ki dâ , - l jâ -

,

zié

jès

-l

Koulèv tâdé vini kâtité tout mâmzèl poté sou kôpè Koulèv lévé postènasiô dévâ Lâj Mâmzèl bay

Snake Oh both looked the other

.” ve

-

,

nègès

dépi kôpè

Ange for Miss who had make her toilette receive

“

li

gê

bô ,

sou

kône

fè

Bèl

kòl

-

fo

, pa

kêkê

ap

bèl

yô

fé

fè

-

désân

ti - -ap

li

-

twa

gê ap

ké -

mâmzèl Lâj kâta ou bèl -p

ki

dé

mêm

, . ti -

li .

-

.”

nèg

tout

chémiz jòn

Odè

Bô ,

vié

sou

nèg

tâ

, ,

yô

rouj

yô sé -

sa a

Koulèv kôplè vèt

CREOLE

a

HAITIAN

HALL )

speak

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

, you

-

bit

somewhat

old

,

to

!"

of

my Get out the gentlemen were unable leave they were man

Oh

,

foolish

house

derange my

love you , Crab the split mouth and Par

Fisher with

rot

've come to I

would

?

;

,

seriously voice

oh

AMERICAN

156

: .

,

,

.

to

.

.

a

put shame She pushed their backs Brother Snake however was laughing His affairs were prospering s

it '

im

(

)

.”

he

,

,

' . L

' 't

go s

to to

,

[

,

,

a

.

.

in -

law

he

(a

he

in

it

),

-

in

to

a

help

'

escaped

, , .

,

she

’ A ].

and

[L

dressed

plan

Brother Snake Ange she got L

.

When

She

to

person

them

At

saw

call

,

she looked

it '

on s

put

Then

she

some that same

and she saw

Crab Fisher and Brother beautiful little boat She

.

-

moment Brother Parrot

too

canoe

I

said

could

cross

in

that

it .

boat the water

a

only

be

a

walked and walked and walked and big river she arrived before

a

,

- a tè - t-

m

Si

châté

:

prâ

nâ - , yô li

li

“

li

yo ,

rélé

arranged

went into the woods

"

fè

li li

, , di :

li

-a

lè

tou

-

-

é

-

gadé

fwè Pérokèt

mother

Ange escape

, I'd If

).

(

Song

.

bato

Li

ti -

rélé mêm wè kôpè Krabié bèl

-

sèl

kânòt mwê

kèk

Sé

.”yo

wè you moun

mômâ

nâ

Lè

-

pou jâbé

li .

,

sé -

,

épi

,

li

li

rivé dévâ you gro pou mété sou dlo

li

maché riviè bato

The

in

Lâj

maché

a

-

.

Kou

:

.

-a

li

-

.

sové

bwa maché

,

-

yo

Lâj

kôpè Koulèv abiyé épi sové

Li nâ

. al -

li

râjé you plâ pou

fè

ké -

mété madâm bèl mè wè âtravé Mâmââ

too much

big big big Brother Snake had mapou tree which had dug put his hole was this hole wife and his mother The women saw that they were trapped

'

gro

trou

dédâ

L

,

ak sé - -â

,

gro

,

gê

yô

gro

this

.

he

't

Snake didn want finally agreed but

fouyé

yo

li

-a

sa

Médam

li

ké

Kôpè Koulèv mapou

her husband

her mother with her Brother to

month

Ange

.

spend

she

But

didn

she

]

of

alone

she invited

Miss

how

beard

his

house

a

.

in

to

go

't

to

want

his wife

his house

.”

asépté

don

go

afraid

li

I

pa

know

was

;

fini

live

then

Kôpè Koulèv

mwa

trò vlé mê

Snake said

should

-

vlé

Brother

évité mâmâ

li

bab

-

yô

-pa

al

Lâj

mari

alé sèl kay

kônê

li,

kòmâ mâmzèl -tpa - al - fè

mwê

a

.

li

Mê

pou

kôpè Koulèv abité lakay

,

apré mariaj pou

li , sé lè - li li ki , ak - li pè lè -l li - la pa . ,

madâm

pa

di

Dé jou

,

.

;

I

on

“

,

, ,

The young lady came back she said you Brother Snake my dear alone love earth Brother Snake was quite happy married her mediately Two days after the wedding

HAITIAN CREOLE called

he

,

his

]

]

[

.

at .

't

.

't as

if

,

'

-

if

L

of .

L

in

.

'

L

Ange

Ange

'

calling

his

to

,

for

get

Parrot answered your had come

:

.”

married Brother Remember when

me now

save

re

I

to

it

will

to

Parrot

us

,

Save me

for this day

,

.

She redoubled be

)

to .

'

L

on

,

brother Snake ready her sing

she saw

take her

:

as

'

.

'

L

when

got near little moment Ange was ready faint

L

In

just

Ange

he

.

,

he

'

L

.

Parrot would save her When Brother Ange had really Snake saw that put gotten out hundred Ange league boots He looked for

't

,

it

-

).

of

(

'

:

to

house you said me Parrot quotation untranslatable mainder But Brother Crab Fisher and Brother Parrot didn budge and was only

,

ap

-

.”

,

“

:

as

wife

for him She kept Ange meanwhile was front the river seeing Brother Crab Fisher and Brother She called

sé

é

sé -

yo

kò

ki

.

-

ak sê -

soon

didn see her and he asked her mother for her But the mother answered she hadn seen her She acted she knew nothing all

"

-

-

ap

-

-m -

é -y

”

-pa A

'. ,

-m

ay

sâtimâ tout pêi kôpè Krabié ôpè bwadign Pérokèt mêm pié bwa séparé kôpè Koulèv Lâj Lâj tou dékourajé kôtinié châté toujou Pléto pléto

aktè bôbôyé

Brother

and

Parrot answered : Brother Snake however , (as he had just come in , he called

(

ou

,

é -y

Pérokèt bouch bokèt bôbôyé kar

,

ôbôyé

Crab -Fisher

“

“

:

ak - ay , -k m ou

Krabié

'

:

Sôjé

sila

a -

,

vin lakay

- . té - ”

Kôpè

to sing :

and she started

(Song ).

to

ap

-

li -

jodi

marié

,

them

[ Song ]. Brother

ing

li

,

ap

bô

kô

.

- -sa L,

li

sé

lié

ti -

-

sâ

wè

-

Sové mwê

lè m

: “

di -m

yô

li

A

.

.

Li li

,

li .

,

sé -

ap té -

châté

sové mwê nô kât

pou nou

-b

Lâj

mômâ pwé pou pèdi

Lâj mêm

doublé

répôn

a

ak

Lè

,

tâ

gâ

prâ

tout

wè

sové

wè kôpè Koulèv pwé pou

kônésâs Pérokèt

-

Lâj

rélé

.

li . si -

chaché Lâj pré Lâj

. l.

di - -

tou

rélé Lâj Lâj mêm dévâ lariviè kôpè Krabié Fwè Pérokèt

kôpè Koulèv mèt déò fouré bòt

wè

-

li .

-

-

pou

Li

Lâj

rélé

li

-pa

kônê âyê

li

kòm

répôn

mêm

si -

Li

ap fè -

-

L

Mâmâ

li .

pou

pa

Kôpè Krabié ak -fwè Pérokèt répôn : (Song ). Kôpè Koulèv mêm fèk -âtré , li rélé madâm li, li pa -wè li , li mâdé mâmâ

157

a

HALL )

,

,

'

L

:“

,

on

.

'

L

five trees that separated Brother Ange all dis Ange Snake and singing still couraged kept Pléto

out

his

and she

.

her house

on

in

]

left

left the was able

of . .

's

mother

gawping

lines to

was

Snake

(

,

to

[

Brother Ange

plants

Snake reached

put this hand suddenly the men took they put her the boat

]

, ,

' L' L

Ange

Brother ]

did

[ lit .

Ange

'

sa

-

pié

t-

kou

Sé

li .

li .

-yô ti - kò

-

m a

-

bâ

pou

When

L

,

Lâj

to

li

-

yo

sa

,

fè

,

prâ

mét

.

nâ -

, isit

yo

,

-

bwa

.

.

yo

t-

-m al

Koulèv rété mwê wè voyé

dap

pou

Kôpè Koulèv rété bato Mâmâ Lâj mêm kité râjé Kôpè rétoûnê lakay

gâ

â

-

plâ

yo

-

mété

bèkèkè

mésié

,

Lâj

sou

nâ

yo

mê

tâ

Lè

.”

pléto

kôpè Koulèv

return

Brother Snake was left

158

AMERICAN

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION alone

74

the woods . That 's what I gave me a little kick

in

see , they

went to

[and ] they sent me here .

. (Man

fi -a .

a

,

,

] he ]

(

to

[

,

d

I' to

.”

:“

of

:

]

(

up

,

's

,

oh

I

:'

( if ]

,

'll

,

you

.”

But

!'

.

answer

He started

in

,

my God

my God my God

,

oh

,

oh

't

he

,

.

in a

's

.”

“

:

of

he

,

,

mad kill

should

my God

]

(

.

begin

singing “

:

,

,

it

Oh

'.

”

if

called

her daughter

:

as

:

'

,

to

he

started

to

a

house

in it, m

I'

my

, ,

oh

oh

the little

high madam

,

my God

,

,

I :“

[ if ]

madam

should pluck

the man killed the bird oh

,

li

-

God

—

bird

Madam

on

.” .

he

â

mô

,

asking you

pou

he had finished killing

sang again

-o

,

to

When

“

deed

li, -ap li -

-

Madam

tell the gentleman kill the The man killed the bird

m

,

-

â

the girl

woman answered The says this gentleman they sent you for me

the

The woman

Go

When the the bird When you get

fixing

-a -

fin

ti -

â â

ll :“ : If “

I'

.” a

to

m

,

on

, di -

'O

di

-

“

fi -a :

.”

,

-

li -

mâdé kouto

looks

spoke thus

bird

madâm

ava boulé lajwa

fini

woman

mô Dié

, ,

-o a

madâm

,

li

Lè

-

.”

â

mô Dié Dié

n

â -o

-

,

-a

Mousié

mô Dié

-m -p

ou

réchâté âkò Madâm madâm pou lîmê mâdé zwazo tiyé zwazo

pou

Al

me

with the same singing

When again

Mousié tuyé

-a

.

li

vwé Lè

ou nâ

yo

Madâm rélé tiyé zwazo

:“ -a

-a

nâ

- lè :

gê

-

.'

-

mouché tiyé zwazo

Madâm voyé

“

répôn

”

ê

mouché mwê

sa nâ a

li

-

madam

âkò

châté

me

said

madam my happiness

you

you make

sorcerer

start singing asking you

high

make you Yes The

give you half

for

the crossroads

again rékômâsé

a

.”

to

? ”

,

's

,

“

for the man

give

What will

sorcerer had finished

burn the lady didn vin

he

.

Sir

I

's

:“

lover

and

certain

The sorcerer

said

my fortune The Well get bird

you

did

.

he

, :“

?

"

He

the little bird

Lè

what

know

the girl

You wantme lover He said

the girl

am

-a

âkò

don

seen

said further

me

give

I' 're

ro

-

â

-

pa . -

”

rékômâsé mêm châté

! to to 't I've a

-

ak

Li ou

, -ti ,

‘

-

-

n

,

-

ava boulé

Mê madâm

.'

-

m

ou

à

,

Dié

place

make love

di

ba

-a

-

nâ

Lò

ap

-

-

â

mô

mô Dié

. -a

·

répôn

ou fin

,

:“ - di

,

Li , -o,

,

à

madâm

lajwa

kafou kay

kômâsé châté Madâm tuyé pou mâdé mô Dié mô Dié

m w - -a

ti fi -a -

li

la

“

sa , , .” :

rivé

a

was One day

house girl

sorcerer

sorcerer

nèg

zwazo

went

answered

Êbê chaché zwazo Majinatè bay réglé zwazo

who had

gain her love

able

the girl

mwê

madâm

not

fè

-

m

vlé

.”

? ”

-a -

m

Majinatè

love Everything

's

-

di : li.

-â

li

,

yo

Ou -

mwê

girl

said

Maji

mother

a

but there was man who the girl He would have liked the

bâ

vlé

ak

-pa

yô yô fi

,

li

fè m

rêmâ fòtun mwê

saw

koté mwê rêmê

Wi

Sa

-â ou

Si - di

“

di :

âkò

mwatié

kô -

répôn

? ”

ou

”

Majinatè

rêmâ

rêmê majinatè

was

There

daughter

rêmê

bay pou

-t -a -

kôn

natè

fè

li li

sa

-

sa o ! m

Mésié

yô

gê

kapab

rivé kay Mwê wè

,

jou

fi -a -pa .

“

Yô

Tou

Li t -a -

wè fi- a .

w

ki

Li .” -â ap di : - : fi -a bâ “ “ -m yô

Té- gê nèg

to

Bewitches Girl.] yô mâmâ ki gê yô fi mê

- : -fi “ a

16

HAITIAN CREOLE

my God you will burn , oh my God .” When

oh

said

to

,

,

God

my

oh

)

happiness

,

,

madam

my

my

oh

, ,

high

burn

for

a a

knife

God my

,

The woman called the girl she Go get the knife the kitchen in

God

“

for :

he

,

,

,

m

I'

on

God you

knife Madam

,

he

he

happiness

finished asked for split the bird began asking you madam me cut the little bird my

that they use skin bananas with split the bird for the gentleman asking and was for salt Madam asking for salt for me madam

, ,

m

to

:

“

,

he

;

”

he

I'

,

]

[

.”

-

mô Dié

(my )

to

â -o

,

m -

-

n

boulé

,

madam

(

“

:

,

ava

159

to

ro ,

-

”

-a

;

, li

yo ,

-a

fi

li

-

sèl

Madâm pou mét

mô Dié

à

,

-

-

a

kônê

-

ap

-

m

-

â

lajwa

o

ti -

madâm

mouche sèl

-ap -ã

-

mô Dié

- , l â

nâ

mâdé mâdé mô Dié

zwazo

a

,

mô -

Dié

la

-

.”

-

zwazo

madâm

bay

chê

Die

ava boulé lajwa

Al fân

kalé bânên

-m -

ou kouto pou

n

Dié

-

à

-o

mô

,

" Madâm

mô Dié Madâm rélé chaché kouto lakwizin

â “

,

madam

:

prâ

di :

ti-zwazo - a , li madâm , m -ap -mâdé tân ti -zwazi- a, mô fân

: .” 'll “

HALL ]

oh

,

oh

,

)

(

,

oh

,

,

on

burn

'll

God you

my my madam God my happiness my

high

,

the little bird my God

on

put

,

in

to

go

to

.

,

,

my

,

for

,

m

me

to

bananas asking you

.

asked

oh my

oh

God

,

oh

,

madam happiness

]

(

madam

for

oh ,

oh ,

,

He

Madam

“

m

I'

,

.

my

God my God

with

eat

the

go

to

for

it go

to

.

[ it ] to

's

, ,

to

a

,

he

.

to

he of

.

the man the man had finished eating out the plate he said Madam asking you for person madam

.”

,

“

my

God

,

oh

me

oh

a

m

eat with God

,

to

I'

,

,

of

When

:

-

she gave

-

there was

,

the girl

the man The took the best plate

di : a.

,

The woman told the girl plate

ou

li

get

she

mâdé

mô Dié

get two pots She told the girl dog bananas give the man When finished baking the bananas and plate put the bird asked for

girl went

-

-

â

al

-fia

a

Fi - di

asièt

ap -

nâ

li

,

m

alé

mêm

bay msié

â

Lè

li

-

.

-a

.”

-

-m

,

-m

“

mô

nâ

-a

ki

fin

mâjé

-a

asièt

gêyê

Madâm madâm âjé avè moun pou Dié

pot bânân chê fini boukânê mâdé asièt pou prâ

[ in ].

li dé -

-a al .

-

li .

-pi

msié

zwazo

Madam

bay msié

fi -a

li

Lè

prâ

bô

li

asièt

ak

mouché

bânân

mété

prâ

fi

ti -

di

bay

-â

Li

.”

bananas little bird

bird

I'

bânân

little

God you burn

for

mâjé

cook the

, .” 'll

-

madâm

pou

she

for the man The man asked for fire asking for fire Madam madam

"

-

.

.

“

Madâm

woman called her daughter get salt said the kitchen

The

my

â

Dié

."

mâdé zwazo

m

-

-

ou

L

mâdé bânân

ak

madâm

0 0

Dié

ava boule lajwa

-

Dié

n

,

Dié

à

- mô - mô ap ti - -ap -

-

-mô -m

.

“

,

mâdé difé Madâm madâm mâdé difé pou boukânê zwazo

,

a

li

fi -

,

nâ

-

nâ

-

prâ rélé bay kwizin mouché Mouché

Madâm

oh to

di -ti -m , mô al , m - -l o .” â, â, ap ap

sèl

.”

God

my

I

to

;

;

;

,

to

him

m

for

I'

lie ,

”

).

(

on

's

.”

to

to :“

m

to

,

I'

"

, I :

with

asking

me

."

only one

' It 's

the man have here

haven

't

to

I

The man

sleep

sleep with

to

person

]

. , , [

for a

,

a a

:

for “

daughter

madam

any

].

an

.

,

go

,

go

to

”

. [

to

to

to

give you sleep with one The sing again Finally she man began told her daughter down and sleep with the man The girl went indisposition fact Thereupon

;

his

]

[

, ,

overcame the woman she fell and after the burial the man gave

died

.

he

”

]

(

it

a

,

for

him

,

ié

Madam

the man

person

for

.

, -

t-al

m

sa

,

fi -a

:t

,

kou

-p

wè

sé

-

nâ

;

,

marié

yô ti -

vwé

ak

-

nèg

li

la

tôbe

,

go

a

bed

She said

in to

fi

-a .”

gê

fi

Fi

yo

.

ak -

-a A - -

. -m

gê

-

,

la

m

- . yo . la la É , bâ Li ba li tâ al -m -

alé

prâ ma êdispozisiô mouri apwé âtèmâ majinatè lamwatié fòtin

vwé

li

li ou li -a di

-

ba sèl

“ S -Ô

:

-

o

- Li pa di

you

dâm

s

he

to

“

]:

on

in

.

him

mwê dòmi

sleep

asking

you for bed me down The woman spoke thus Go get the dog sleep The mat for girl went she got the most beautiful mat there was the attic the best bedclothes the best pillow and she then asked

moun pou Msié rékômâsé châté lafê désân dòmi msié

bed

madam

,

la

ap

Madam

arranged

mouché

started

. . .

in

,

pi

dra

-

-

-

-

,

m

madâm

.”

Madâm

m

dòmiavè

mâdé moun pou dòmi avè

man asked for [

lè

.”

pi

-

,

li

pi

bèl

râjé kabân bay nèg mâdé moun pou

a

la

-

,

,

m

Al -

la

-â

Nèg

-

,

galata

bèl nat bèl zorié

nâ

,

la

fi -

li ,

-a

- - , gê - nâ li l: lè - li li " nâ di ou ki lè .” kô : sa “ -ap - Fi : a - " , ,

-

-

ap

-

m

yo ak -

mâjé msié alé vwé fini vini nwit nòm mâdé kabân pou dòmi Madâm madâm mâdé kabân pou kouché prâ vié nat Madâm prâ pou chê dòmi alé

you

with

singing again When finished the song she told the girl eat with the man the girl went indeed and they ate when they finished became night and the

old

mâjé

al

fi yo a

di

li

a

châté

-

li

fin

Lè

only one child anyone for me send

“

't eat

to

give

,

I

haven

have

[ lit .

châté âkò

:

-

-m -

moun pou

rékômâsé

The woman

la

mwê bay mâjé

]

pitit

sèl

-

. . .

,

yô

li

ou ”

-

mwê

avè

gê

pa

gê ,

Madâm - nâ : “ Sé

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

It '

AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL

160

I .

in

a

]

so

;

to

go

to

listen

she didn

't

didn

,

she

,

see

.

to

In

).

but

[

.

Beautiful Sun liked the stream for water her house there were many people able serve

called

't

la

-

a

.

li

yô -pa

gê

beautiful that they called her Beauti ful Sun The young woman who was

bộ yộ

zê

Zê ,

a

té -

, li

li

li, li

-

nâ

-

“

-

t-

:

ti -

-

li

li ki

wè tâdé moun kab sèvi mê pou alé jou dlo Vwala apé plê alò ké kalbas tâdé bèl châté mouché Tézê

Voilà There was mother who had beautiful daughter she was !

yê

gê

ki

yo

ké -

. -pa

li .

té -

, nâ -

.

ki

-

té

fi,

li

.

Vwala mâmâ bèl tèlmâ bèl rélé Bèl Solèy Mamzèl rélé Bèl Solèy âpil Lakay rêmê alé dlo Sé -

Beautiful Sun

.

Bèl Solèy

Sé té - . yô

.

17

.

[

,

to

;

's ,

the sorcerer half fortune truth He married the girl that what went see and they gave me lit tle kick

HAITIAN

CREOLE

Tézê bô

She was the one to go for water . Now

one day , when

,

bash

,

friend

Mr

friend

the

in

did

saw

a

; of

up

,

,

to

in in

.

was she repeated the

she hand some young man come out the join her the water and come young man talking him she came fall love with the young to

li

li,

What she

, ]

,

réké

good

a]

song too and then

(

épi

tou

-

sé -

yô

nâ

-

la

ou

-

la

òm

òm

lè

-

tou

dlo môtè kozé vin rêmê tâdé bèl

Solèy

Bèl krétiệ

â

trâsfòmé

[ is

water ."

li nâ -

jèn

ké

pwasô

òm

yô

jèn

wè

li,

Jèn

.

jèn

òm

li

jwên

:

zeng , mister Tezeng [is a ) good in the water , zeng , zeng .

Tezeng

li fè li répété châté-a bèl sòti

cala

she heard a beautiful little song

“ Zeng

Sa

she was filling her

,

zê zê mouché

too

zâmi nâ -dlo , zâmi nâ -dlo . ”

161

to

HALL ]

,

was trans being

called

.

a

human

Every day

he

],

.

,

it

,

,

't on

,

.

,

']

["

for

go

,

went for water but she didn let beautiful Lalune Moon see her since Beautiful Sun never let anyone water with her Well that day the little sister was there she ,

,

a

-

la

(S

:

).

té

sè

ti -

sa ap

-

-

nâ

trouvé ong

pa

jou

.

piské dlo

-

châté

al li,

-

sè a

li

-

li

Ébiê tâdé grâ

-

al

li

kité bèl Lalin wè jâmê kité pèsôn

li

Bèl Solèy

,

t-

trouvé

ak

pa

jou

sè

Yô mê

ti -

a

[

to is

,

to

,

Beautiful Sun went for sing the way she had join the fish come her but very elegant young man was One day her little sister chanced water this to

-a -a

dlo

.

,

biê

nâ

sé -

gas

tê

-

-

mềm môté vin jwèn

,

nâ

dlo pwasô

lo

, -

mê

li

sa

kô -

sé

Bèl Solèy alé pou châté

gê

jou

Chak

Sun

into

,

Beautiful formed

him

a

,

.

,

you under man The young man stand was beautiful fish who when

,

).

an

, to

,

tchoo

,

go

boom

he disap

The little sister tell her mother

]

and

went

to

.

into the water

!

to

.

;

,

In

ran

.

to

.

of

.

about her big sister The mother told the father that The two them ar young ranged plan kill the man a

chanced that the day they got killing him they sent her the idea

But

a

in

errands

,

of

li

peared

[

jèn fè

al

man plunged

it

,

li

.

li

voyé lwê âpil Avâ prâ châté

ong

hour very elegant the man appeared they talked join the young woman and talked and talked When Beauti ful Sun was ready the young

do

.

-a

.

sa

lidé

of (S

:

heard her big sister singing another little quarter

to

, la

-

òm

jèn

Yo

yo

- -

jou yo

di

di

ki -

li

voyé

pou

touyé

papa

yo

,

la

-l -

yộ

kotô

ké dlo

l-

, -

sé

yo

a

yo

châté

li .

ti -

,

alé

trouvé

touyé

mâmâ

pou

nâ

sè -

-

pou

kômisiô

mêm

râjé plâ

Mê

yo

.

la

dé sè .

- -

tou òm

kouri

Mâmâ

fè

la

-

-ap

,

nâ -

alé li

dlo

,

.

Lè

fê

yo

Ti grâ

palé

li

lòt palé mâmzèl palé pwalé Solèy Bèl plôjé tchou boum disparèt jwên

parèt biê yo

ti ka , dy è - ,

Yô

nèg

place which was

,

they

to

she went

and she started )

,

water

,

Before

.

for

senther

(

very far away

MEMOIRS

74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

(

162

AMERICAN

of

to

.”

told her that they were

He

him

said

, :

kill

to

plan

.

vi

,

“

the

.”

to

you are

ve

m

)

I'

'll

'

it s

if

'll

,

(

If

“

,

all

to

]

no

]

to

as

(

[

,

.”

I'

her

to

;

do

,

Come

the

]

,

“

!”

[

mother called her and Beautiful Sun Yes Moth go

, .

said

"

tâ

-ap

give you

water When the time came for her leave

“

“

”

nô .

li

tâ

.

,

they

blood

errands for

.”

,

"

."

to

a

,

she left like have time come

,

to

be

to

able

Yes Mother

. .

is

[ ? ]

is

,

he

,

to

,

whole road When she came back her mother gave her food eat she told coming going her mother He under the leaves She pricked the

.”

-

Then the girl departed flonde

"

li

gêyê

kab répôn

now

.

,

,

,

li

sa

li

-a li

ap

-

mâdé

li

-

â

sâ , , . ki li li

ké sé -

li

Râtré krié

krié

li

-

châté parèt

mouri

-

. -a

y

tâ

, ,

,

li

.

li

,

li

-

,

li

a

ménaj

ba

la

-

ap

- lnâ

châté

wè

rékoûmâsé

tout

pa

krié li

li

ba

a

pik

li ké .. - .

kônê râtré

dlo

li

back All the time she was going she suspected She kept calling along the

châté

. di ,

your mother

rélé

Lò

tout rout rétoûnê mâjé pou mâjé mâmâ pwal fèy mâmâ vini

Li

li

rétoûnê plédé

li L-

li

-

li

gê

.”

nâ - tâ

Wi

kité

,

Épi mâmzèl pati mâmâ kap kou flôn pou pwalé sispèk Tout

:

Vini

. -

.

-

ou ” “

“

-â

“

Bel Solèy Wimâmâ pou mâmâ kômisio

ing but

know that died After Beautiful Sun went home she cried and questions they asked her what was the matter with her she gave answer the young woman kept giving

.

.”

li

dlo

. pa li, li Lè al lè di -a , fè :

li ,

-ap

sa

, ,

li

-

.” li

-

y

-ap

-a -

w

Dépi mwê mouri Bèl Solèy râtré krié tout mâdé gêyê répôn mâdé bay mâmzèl bay dlo pati mâmâ rélé rivé pou

er ”

dlo

si -

,

l ké li - -

bay

sé -

mê

sâ

tété

viv

yo ou

yo

ap ké

-

a

-m -

ou

Si

wè kônê ké bay kônê “

dé

't

,

Beloved

as

going leave perhaps you won find me any more you see that your two nipples give water you know that liv

"

.”

Her lover

making

came out

Beautiful Sun ran

uuu

.

Li

ou

jwên mwê tou

water him

di . di : li ”

la

-

,

li .

-

touyé pwal pati pétèt

ou

The young man

uuu

a

vi

dlo a “

Mênaj

.

yo li

-

plâ

fè

ké -

,

kòm

-pa

“

Chéri

-

nâ

pou

la

Bèl Solèy yo

òm

.

sing her little song

sòti kouri sou

Jèn

lover

]

(

that her

it

. ..

,

water she kept singing but when she saw that was blood that ap

,

peared

she knew

had

When she came back she be kept cry again crying gan she and the time they were asking her what was the matter with her she

,

,

.

little

]

which

comb

she was

in

a

her hand combing her head all the time she was combing she was continually singing and cry

with

,

, sè

-

answer

She had

(

-ap

-

ap

l-

l- li,

châté

krié Vwala chèy grâ

ti - -

ké

l-

,

l-

ap

l-

tâ

li

ki

,

krié châté parèt épi wè

êyê

pêyê

.

-pap nâ -

ti -

mê

pêy

-ap

-ap sè

lti -

yô

tout

li,

tèt

gê

Li

't

couldn

all

]

[

to

.

,

in

died

saw

the chair her big sister to

to

.

]

on

(

and how was sitting was ready sink completely into the ground She called

,

come see Beautiful Sun sinking into the earth but the mother who for several days had seen that

,

her mother

Laline was crying mourn for her lover things like that didn pay any attention her But the little sister was always calling her

,

,

Beautiful

.

bâ -m

,

appeared

sister

to

sa

yo

al al

little

her

Then

,

lè

sé -

ing

.

.

-

pa fè

-pi

ap

-

sè

la

bèl Lalin jwên mênaj

wè

t-

sa

rèd

désâ

.

mwê

. -

sa

ap kô - -

ap

sè

-

té -

.

,

tè

ba fô

t-

fè

-

nèt

Bèl Solèy

pié sè -

té Lè yô li â -

kou

grâ

parèt

mâmâ

. , ki li Li ap

li

-

,

ti -

-

li li .

wè ké

,

jou

,

jou nâ

ap

-

-

k

rélé mâmâ vini wè âtré latè mê mâmâ wè kê dépi kèk Bèl Lalin krié lèd pou mênaj bagay okipé Mê rélé mâmâ tou Bèl Solèy

ing

a

dédâ

-

-

à

âtré

163

't

Li

fin

pwé pou -

té -chita

tè -

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL

at

.

,

mother she saw that her sister was going down more precipitately When

;

see

]

[

to

,

missing

of

even

The gar

But little

a

den was extremely beautiful every day there was troop

time eating the corn the Among the birds were

good

to

a

birds that had verything from ]

gar

kinds

rice

.

't

little millet wasn

had

peas

fine

.

,

corn

,

.

had

He

,

food

ate

,

't

the garden

.

in

they were

the garden everything they

nâ

so

.

of

her

,

,

into the garden she started share the damage too

do

now one time Sister Tortoise

-

to

The little critters were unrestrained that they were about eat every thing the people planted One day

.

.

,

wè

yo

-

mê kou

Well

happened to

-

yo li

Yô

jou

trouvé déniè yo

li

.

yo

tou

pwé

li

fè

vizit

,

-â

jadê

yô

ké -

fè

ap sa

-

Jâ

pa

déga

kômâsé tèlmâ débòdé ké plâté moun

nâ -

yo

bèt

kòmè totu tôbé

yo

Ti -

bèt mâjé tou tôtô

lè

vwala

li

, ,

Bô jadê

yô

.

seriously

in

Every minute

or

-

,

, .

their time while eating they found

,

little millet turtle doves guinea hens tolans turkeys chickens which didn waste

,

.

.

a

,

, - ,

den well planted

-

jwên

man who was

called Uncle John who had

-

yo nâ -

ki

-

nâ

gê

ki

té -

yo

-

yo

a

jadê

mâjé

yo

sérié tou

,

-

,

ké

sa

.

.

-

, ap

,

momâ

Chak

-a

mâjé

mêm

-

-pa t-

jadê

bétizé

and the Birds

there was

(e

gê

Li

, ,

, .

yô-â

gê

jou.

piti mi Nâ zwazo poul kodên pêtad toutrèl zòtolâ jouk

and they

of

ki

gê

li

-

-

k

yo

li

,

. ap

-pa

,

yê sé

, gê

, ki

Jâ

,

li

ti -

mayi

Voilà

the earth

kick

The Tortoise

rélé Tôtô plâté jadê bèl biê mayi pwa tout kalité mâjé piti diri ata mi mâké Jadê bèl bèl bèl Mê chak bân mâjé dépi zwazo amuzé mésié

under

went

all a

Zwazo

.

.

Totu

Vwala

me

he

ak -té yô

18

gave

her lover

what

.

's

that

a

join

I

to

.

]

[

,

it

the mother appeared there was that time that Beautiful Laline went completely down Beautiful Sun went

AMERICAN

him

,

-

,

.”

I'

am

do

you

to

said

together

to

Tortoise

I

“

up

me

some

The fowls asked

her

you would

,

“

[

Well

]:

it s

,

thing

Sister

Here

and she answered

.

ll

, ,

;

,

“

:

you

with

." ' :

-a

la

”

fowls for

:

yo

zèl .

zèl ou

day

second the

-m -t ti -a zèl -

,

yô ba

li -ap. "

ba

visit he

a

the garden

in

:

,

av

t-

yo

tout

the last animals

the

pou nou

”

- ta -ap -

fè

“

“

,

tou

John

found

lè

,

nou

Bèt volay mâdé kòmè pwété kèk pou Êbê nou kapab moun vini pou Volay répôn démélé mwê tou Épi Êbê nou tout

mwê

was making

Uncle

they poup poup but as they saw poup they flew away but Uncle John Very well said catch you On

-

âsâm

sé

la

pa

“

té -

ak -

poup poup poup yo volé y -alé ; tôtô Já mêm di: “ Sé-bô , m -a -prâ nou .” Déjou -a kòmè totu di bèt volay yo : zièm

Mê mwê

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

to

164

all

a

us

.” of

,

,

."

.

his of he

a

he

,

to

,

lot

of

out

seed

to

,

a

, m

.

"

:

,

.

I'

m

't

I'

)

(

]

in

the

lit

,

beans

corn

,

,

animal

the last little

was devouring millet rice too

garden

take

When had set

(

blow

he

a

single

.”

of

even

had said that and when

his trap

from

a

'

it s

he

without

receiving visits critters you couldn

.

.

[ ? ]

,

,

each bird gave the tortoise wings Immediately Uncle John put his foot into the garden with

-

,

Brother Leonard the guinea hen who to

“

:

.”

,

,

,

to

began had been able see them Dweng warn the other critters dweng dweng All the critters were

one foot but they felt they were they weren able Thereupon all the critters started

.fly to

't

to

,

,

hindered

and

Tortoise without feathers

's

tortoise left Sister Sis

the

from

flew

]

They

[

body

all

take their wings

.

-

pa

gô

.

tô -

ap

-

adié

John left his

went find friend Brother Leonard who was Today good hunter He told him catching not game that

fin

. kò .

.

pa

,

Bô , li, lò, , Jâ m li -

-

Jå

-ap li

-

sâ

-ap

tòtu

tòtu prâ

gave her

the little fowls

beans and then too

.

kò

nâ

yo

kêbé tòtu

Ja ,

Jê

ké tôtô

tôtô

bwèt kêbé

pou

bay tôtô

-

gaté

Uncle

catch

take the

had them

â

,

yo

-

-

bagay

bô Tô -

“

:

châté

tôtô

tô -

ap

wè tout

chaché mét fini wè

l-,

,

lè

li A

baré

mê

moyê

chaché

tout bèt

tou

zèl tòtu lagé kòmè tòtu plum

- la Jâ ſå li

,

- â lè ba -ki

fèy

yo

prâ

tout volé Kòmè tòtu

mêm

La -a

.

volé

kòmåsé

yo A

.”

,

yo

,

"

,

lé -

wè kòmâsé avèti zòt bèt Dwê dwê dwê tout bèt sou pié mê sâti ké âbarasé kapab

Another day business

tle

pêtad

all

“

And then too they

give you

wing

on

,

li

-

-

nâ

,

-

,

,

-

li

Jâ

fwè Léona

gê Yo yo -pa yô :yo tà nâ -

ak

chak zwazo bay tòtu mèt pié

ki

Lè

-

yo â

jadê

tôtô

will

wing

Every day

mi diri

an

The fowls

too

Well

bunch

jadê

sa li

Bagay mêm

fè

li

ap

. . -

tou

escape

swered

a

de ap

sâ

épi tou

sa

di -k

pa

-

résévwa vizit ap prâ mêm

dènié

zèl

li

- di -ap li :

pa

-

jibié

bèt mêm dévoré mayi pwa piti

tân

fwè

. ké Li m

bô

yô

kôpè

pakèt

chasè

-

, -

.”

pièj

Li , ti - fin

yô yô

kêbé Chak pakèt bèt nou grên kou

grênê

jwên

yô

jou sé

. a

mêm

kité bézwê kêbé

m

Jodi

Jâ

li

ki , té - l-

,

ti -

Léonad “

alé fè

yo

tôtô

yo

jou

Yô

lòt

volay pwa épi tou

to

,

a

: to

able

be

so

)

(

lend me some little wings that when man should come for me

Tor

,

,

.

)

,

to

to

to

,

“

,

,

:

,

,

I

it ,

,

't ,

to

to

't

I

come here eat beans John Uncle John didn

didn

Uncle

it

Oh Uncle

he

”

).

,

syllables

ya

gomê

,

kalita dégômê

nonsense

(

ta

ta

,

Uncle John

dê

-

,

, it ,

,

to

come here eat beans was the turtle dove that brought me was the pigeon that brought me was the guinea hen that brought me howdy

,

John was crazy about the song Sister Tortoise she could sing like that for him again would anything Thereupon Sister her sing again Uncle was the first time they

.

see

it

to

Tortoise started John said

do

.

to

he

if

told

a

]

]

.

,

]

he

(

[

he lit .

[

to

he

.

to

were going how what tortoise could talk What did was went down town and made propaganda The king himself who

;

he

it

he

.

,

to

heard this had Uncle John come his palace The king himself had him come because knew that was not thing which was possible then to

started

make conditions with Uncle it

it he

if , if

,

,

50

't

$

]

[

.

to

John He said Uncle John that was true that the tortoise sang would give him 000 but wasn true he would cut his head

But

.

he

tortoise was his room know that behind him

didn

.

his

in

knew

that

000 since

,

he would make that

bet Uncle

for certain 50

knew

$

,

himself

a

,

Well they finally had

John

,

,

bô

prâ

but the

sing Uncle howdy Uncle John

she started

a

,

a -

m

ouvwi

the was

when the tortoise saw John was really going

Uncle John

he

. . .

ya

tô -

”

A

,

yo

-

a

, -

nâ

-

yo

,

tòtu

tòtu

.

-

ap

-

m

,

-a

la

-

yo

Kòmè

li .

.

-

a

, ti -

ya ,

Tô -

goch

klaou

John

.

, fin

pa

al

“

Kòmè tòtu Kòmè tòtu

catch her

off

nâ -

li . ,

,

bån

[ ? .]

Jå

, ké

fè

l-

ki

fè

-a

yo

li . li

yô li

ap Jâ -

li sa -

piské

fwapé pòt

.” di :

tâ

gê

-

Mê

but

Well

li li

fè si

-ap Sa

Jâ

.

Jâ

si sé -

fè

l- li

mêm

hide

to

under the leaves Uncle John finally saw her Then business was spoiled Uncle John way seeking grab the tortoise the tortoise was giving Uncle John herself

't

,

,

.

yô li fè fè

-

nâ té - ti -p -

Yo

.

-ayé ,

-a

,

“

:

Op

kòmè

-

“

:

itit

li

ké

li

châb

dwat

.” la

-

Tôtô

.

fè

li

-

li

ti Si yo

châté

vwé

sekât mil dola koupé tèt

fwapé tèt

pou

posib

kôdisió

Koté mwê yé toufé pou mwê ouvri pòt moun kouri tout

réisi jwên

pòt

Rwa

ké

put

that Uncle

msié vini paské

pou nou

châté

châté

tôtô

sêkât mil dola

moun âpipèt koté tòtu

nou

tou ba

-

vwé parié

kônê tòtu déyè kônê

tâpwi

li

,

li

sa

- di

tôtô

l-

pa

sé -

yo

fin

si

,

ké

répôn

tâmê

ap

.

-a

Bô

pa

sé -

Tâ

la

li

ak -

châté

kônê

bagay

tou

Li

propagân

vini

mêm

tòtu

tôtô

kay

p

di ké -sé yô

sa Jå

li .

Rwa kônê ké alò mêm

mê

-

li

-

a

ki

tâdé

palè

tòtu kap palé

toise was caught , she tried

slip

châté

laprèmié fwa

lavil

désân

mêm

tòtu

prâ

-

. .

yo

li

Tôtô

pral wè

ta

ta

,

kòmè

kapab châté pou âkò âyê La tou kòmè tòtu âkò

tôtô

A

.

ta ”

li li ya di ta

-a

fou pou châté

,

,

dégômê dégômê

-

Jâ

ki ,

ya

,

sé -

,

-

sé

toutérèl mênê mwê ramié mênê mwê kodên mênê mwê pêtad mênê mwê adié tôtô kalita dégômê dégômê kalita

165

a

, ki -

,

sé

-m -

sé -

ki , ki

isit

vini isit pou -m -mâjé pwa, tô -Jâ , tô - Jâ , mâjé pwa pou m -pa -vini

CREOLE

[ lit .

HAITIAN

HALL )

(MEMOIRS , 74

a

bunch

]

chil

little

naughty

children

,

back

dren

,

[i.e . behind his

his

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

of

AMERICAN

166

, .

,

“

If

sing

well

,

they

,

In

"

,

“

:

to

. . .

.

a

,

.

a

;

en

't

to

.

,

.

to

,

.

's

to

to

to

a

,

as

.

's .

, ,

to

,

,

,

as

.

;

,

to

]

[

,

, ;

,

it

an

he

all

it; he ;

an

:

all

,

,

, us

]

a

.

in

'll

.

[

,

.”

li

to in

al ki

oh

, ,

up oh

the children were they were saying amazing little what

li

,

and he

Sister Tortoise but found old very thought was her he

They shut Brother Toad for this knocking and thereupon they heard

lè

, li -

little

she dived

she finished

animal one minute Sister Tortoise change her color and turn able pay into Brother Toad But you

li, , l-

,

li

Oh

“

,

yo

ak - al

vini tâdé mêm

little critter went with very pleased

is

a -p

w

Jâ li

épi

edge

floup into the water The children put their hands their heads they began call they called the biggest to

, ,

yô yo

li

li,

ti - biế sé -

-p

soon

nothing

apa

sé

-a

li

,

yô

,

li

jâ

-

the river Tortoise sang

indeed

Sister

éyé

,

la

fè li

her

There song

after doing

.

yô

nâ -

l-, .

ké li

,

-pa , fè li

took

took off his clothes

Kouri

edge

however

plunged

prâ klé asuré alé gadé tòtu ouvri rwa âtré mê krapo biê wè ké dévâ mê jênê piské rwa wè mêm

kônê

the river

who liked hear the nice little song agreed They

;

.

,

li

yo

,

yô

li

li,

li

gê

tâ

.

vié

môté

take her

The children

!

-

,

La

li

Ti -

moun

Sister

asked

brother

Mê

rwa vini vérité kòmè tòtu châté Tôtô

.

, yo

yo

-a

.

.

kòmè fini

The children

châjé koulè

fwapé

wè

tôya

on

nâ yo -

sa

yo

.

Ti -

-a

-

a

-a

-

, , 0 , yo

yo .”

ki

,

ti -

moun

Tôya

dren

mêm

Yo fèmệ kôpè krapo tâdé

sing

But during this whole affair their

asépté

kôtâ bèt rèd

ala

the

sing again But immedi Tortoise ately Sister Tortoise asked the chil

jwên

, yo

li ,

a

ti -

0

-

kwè

Tor

nomenon

,

vin

.

yo

. ti -

,

, li

, , -a

ti -

di :

ap

-â

ouvri

âyê

moun

“ 0

, sa

tou

tou

pên

dlo

kòmè tòtu kôpè krapo

toûnê

la -a

li

ti -

-

ti nâ -

fè

li

,

,

li

-

ak

tout

nou

touswit poy

tèt kômâsé rélé plôjé grâ fwè wété rad

dèyè kòmè tòtu piti piti bèt

tout mômâ

lariviè

châté

fouré

mê

pi

yo

you

mét

rélé

vwé

Sister

Mê

châté

kò

Yo mênê tòti floup

Sister Tortoise

mother wasn around she was trip Their father was route with the king come and see this phe

mêm

moun moun

bò

rêmê tâdé bèl

li

ki

li

bò

kòmè tòtu mâdé mênê lariviè

find

succeeded they opened

wè fénomèn mâdé kòmè

mêm

lòt kou âkò a

fô

tòtu pou

yo nâ

.

-a

Ti - -

Rwa pou moun

mâmâ yo

-

nâ

-

,

la

ak li

-pa

rout sa

tout bagay nâ voyay Papa

house the right

for

toise began

Mê

flash

the chil

whole to

knocking their heads the left ing her

Hop

the

to

about

in

ll

,

me

,

ran

.” .

for

dren

I'

,

I'

door

door

“

:

Tortoise answered Where suffocating you open the

m

am

Sister

us I ”. :

on

had gone and knocked the door where the tortoise was They said Sister Tortoise please sing for

the

ran

,

,

to

it

,

,

he

he

he

;

,

his

.

he

,

in

,

,

at

that

,

it

't

in

the presence

a

of

toad but didn let the king see how upset he was because he himself thought was

's

,

sorrow her sor was Sister Tortoise row which had made her become small

.

"

!"

,

,

I'

sing

Tortoise Tortoise

Uncle John Brother

m

Sister

Sister

in

said

not

were

children

the house

I'

.

suspect

m

But all the

like that

[ ? ]

”

yo

looked

saw

,

m

-

-

di .

king come but when carefully the tortoise

:

é

,

yo

lotè

.

,

,

yo

- , Tâ sé - wi . yo y ki -ap

la

,

Jâ

pwal

moun pwal krié

wi wi wi

tiyé papa

m

Yo

gadé tôtô

arété tôtô tou koupé tèt tôtô Dènié mêm

sé

, ,

yo ,

-

yo

li

liétnâ

Sister Tortoise sing But Uncle John was safe went took who knew keys went and opened had the

“

“

.”

kônê

m

di Èf , òf ,

"

sa

-a

la ."

prâ

-

a

yo

sa a

, . ki li sé Jâ -pa yo nâ -ti . sa

-

,

sé

“

,

di :

té isit

-

gadé

Rwa

they ] open children was their father and the king hear who had really come he came saw

he he

-pa

.

-

Tôtô

Kòmè tòtu châté Mwê kôpè krapo mwê kòmè tòtu mwê râkôtré kòmè dlo mwê mété koulié Rwa mêm vini pou kôpè krapo châté Kôpè krapo palé prâ

167

, [When

.

-

sispèk lakay

mêm

tòtu

Mê tout

sa

kô

kòmè

la

moun

Jâ ti -

ké- sé - chagrê vini piti

yo fè

ki

kôprâ

châgrê

li

li

CREOLE

to

HAITIAN

HALL ]

,

at

]

(

looked

to 't

]

to

his lieuten

Uncle John

;

.”

and

at

he

The king looked

say

say

what

I

this

know

Toad is [

began

Toad

this

s

,

,

,

Eff

Brother

told

I

off

,

to

, .

"

,

in

;

I

.”

come talk sing Brother

ants

it '

only Toad met her the water just now they took me and put me here The king however who hadn

they arrested Uncle John were going cut Uncle John head All the children were deed crying they were going kill

the

in

.

liked

man

who

Sis

]

he

: be

, , ,

to

“

said

:

to

my No going home not me take you

Tortoise

,

m

said

you

wouldn

at

my house eat beans Sister Rose much so

But

had

Tortoise

't

,

the

to

going

rather

I'

,

Sister Rose

who

and

[

,

on

for

"

,

? ”

me

Sister

Rose

met

singing

that

she begged

a

kêz

who had

them

was

called

Ladouce

to

ké -

gê

Laròz

she

Tortoise

willing house

Sister

trip

she stopped

.”

-

li .

li

mâdé kòmè Laròz kêz

Sister

m

-

té

ki

yô

tèlmâ

rélé kêbé kòmè tòtu pou

-

.

mêm

Kòmè

kòmè Ròz prié nôm

pa

li

-

Ladous

ké -

.”

Mê

-a

rêmê châté Ladous pou goud

, di :

? ”

,

,

,

-pa

mwê pito

There was

I'

, ,

li

, -

vlé mwê

lakay mwê

was

cause

a

nâ

ki

pa

singing

-ap

gone

-t -a -

,

ou

-

ak

tòtu

voyay sòti châté rété

Kòmè tòtu NÔ kòmè Ròz mwê pwalé lakay mwê mwê pwalé mâjé pwa kay

mênê “

Kòmè ou

“

di :

li li

Vwala kòmè Ròz kôtré kòmè tòtu

and

it

their father been

to

, , .

's

to

They

off

.

thereupon

proviziò

ké- li

yo

té -

sòt vân . Li di “ Sa va ,” ôdiré ké- li kônê ké ifòs , li pwésé , mê li pa -kône âyê piské âvâ tout bagay sila li té déja pati. Ladous kêbé kòmè tòtu , kòmè laròz péyé kôpè Ladous lajâ li.

Sister Rose for fifteen gourdes . Rose had only the fifteen gourdes . It was the money from the Sister

provisions which she had just sold . said , “ All right , ” you 'd say she

She

knew it was necessary to but she didn 't know anything because before this affair she had already left Ladouce caught Sis Tortoise Sister

,

his

”

. . .

J4

,

tô -

J3

“

Tô -

Bô , kòmè Laròz pati ak -kòmè tòtu ; nâ - tout chémê-â , a - fòs li karésé kòmè ap -châté pou - li : tòtu , kòmè tòtu

Sister Tortoise for her. Ladouce

catch asked

.

goud - la . Sé - lajâ

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

all

AMERICAN

168

,

Sis

;

Sis Tortoise John Uncle

,

Tortoise

Uncle

,

:

her

“

for

as

set

,

caressed sang

.

money Rose paid Brother Ladouce out with Sister Tortoise along the whole way she

Well Sister Rose

. . .

"

John When she was nearly

,

at

,

it

,

at

."

s

:“

"

:

,

it '

,

,

to

to

he

,

in

it

he

, ,

a

In

.”

,

the

in

[

tears

had

jump

]

to

,

who

up

eyes

to

children

,

ié

kissing 000 Uncle John fell his wife who had saved his life and

,

.

ti -

yô

m

-

bâ

,

yo

al

t-

kou

, .

.

-a

lè

.

sa

wè

.

t-p

mwê

50

Jå

-

zié

kôtâ Moun vin rich moun dépi sispân fouyapòt tou

for me minute saw was wife Sister Rose who appeared with Sister Tortoise her basket singing The king gave Uncle John his

-

tôbé

déniè prâ pôpé

yo ,

li

lavi

Ti -

, . li

dlo

nâ

ki gê

Tôtô

chapé

yo

Sé - yo yo

moun

té -

ni

ki

madâm

sé

ak -

ki

ap

-

ni

.”

sêkât mil dola

she

kill him and then Uncle John heard the singing approaching said the king Not yet the critter singing The king said Wait

were going

$

“

Tân

mwê mômâ parèt kòmè Róz kòmè tòtu pâyê châté Rwa bay tôtô

his

Jâ

,

di :"

Jâ

li,

di

Pòkò

there

must have been about the gate was that time they were coming out with Uncle John firmly tied they

all

ak -yé na -

li

-

-

,

li

rwa

Rwa wè madâm

- ni , -ti bo Jâ nâ ,

, Yô

bariè

ap

, y

vini

châté

, li .”

,

-

la

sé -

a

lè

-

biê maré tâdé châté bèt

dwé

sòti tôtô pwal tiyé épi tôtô

-ap ap yo sa -

sé -

li

, Lè sa

kô

pwé rivé

,

to

.

.

a

a

]

Snake

the quénèpe tree there was

on

a

It

.

a

on

There was big quénèpe tree the edge stream chanced that a

gê

lâ

chak jou sòt

-

bò

té -

la

-

ki

gro koulèv

you

of

-

-

gro

gê

.

you

Who Killed

.

.

Té - té

Ki

Moun

a

and they gave me little kick The Misfortune They Cast On Man

[ you

sou

Yo

Sò

19

Mové Jété Touyé you Koulèv pié kénèp sou you lariviè Trouvé sou pié kénèp

I

.

's

,

on

.

,

( so ]

,

started

, .

and glad The people down they were became rich The children from that stopped their meddlesome time behavior That what went see their

big snake

of its

,

on on

or or

in

of

, ,

on

.

,

a

of .

,

,

to

;

,

,

,

an

,

is

, :

“

.

no to

be

a

]

of .

[

, the

,

on

he

he he ,

on

.

'

,

one

two him One day

,

(

was

]

to

to

he

then

when

, ;

all

snake heard

,

.”

of

to

a

to

he

!

[ if ]

, ,

see

down the quénèpe tree

those noises

the

he came

that thing

make

he is

]

“

,

(

]

they

their loas

)

], [

eat

offered

Two months

re

.

[

lit .

appease

(t

[

food

]

(

and

,

a

Woe pray they could what hey could offer

,

what

prayed

out

called

they

]

;

me

,

;

he

,

it .

to

on

of

set

the hole he sprinkled gasoline the snake struck match Everybody who believed fire

out

of

;

left

tin

had

a

clumsiness

,

his

his

on

,

after this the Englishman was pairing flat tire auto through he

his

]

[

,

to

;

of

on

the running board the auto one friends who had helped cut down the tree was there with him and struck gasoline unstoppered

him

.

kou

you

the did some people with him

a

,

apré

walk

Englishman

of

-

mété difé jou

to

do

lé -

boulé biê

cut

the country

walking

in

. la

li, ki -

la

-l -

dé

took

wanted very well

!”

li

sa

,

li, yo

-l difé tou

ki

yo ,

nâ

prâ

-ayé

jis

mouri twa

rété êfim

lime

came everybody

as

-a

,

sa

-

-ap

-a

-

âglé

-a

,

-a -

lòt zâmi

-

la

-

Pa

- .

dévên

sou koulèv é

ki dé

,

kolé difé prâ soutou mal

ap

-

-

pa -

dévên

-

,

pa

-

nâ

-

sigarèt tou pré gazolin gazolin

avèk

pou

alimèt

sou

a

la

,

li,

-

li

-

nâ

,

grên

té

you

zâmi

té -

koupé bwa

-a

-l

té -

édé

pasé

débouché nâ

,

-a

-

l-

fèblâ gazolin you pié oto

what

Woe

for harm

man who has left the sea come thing like that They told that

found self

Thereupon

God

ll

-

sa dé la

ak -

nâ

,

la

-

-

,

-l

,

pa

,

sa

, -

kité you

mach

réparé

maladrès

to

fè sa

ap

come

-

not

de

took

snake cry

started

from the other side

fè

”

fè

nâ

âglé

this

tired

kill

everybody

foot

danced

and kept every sleeping One day

There must

pasé

li

ki

sa

,

A

"

.yo

Dé mwa apré you pân oto

to

, ,

Lè -a

.

-l - -

sa a

lò

sou koulèv

tree

uproar

!

"

di

-l

trou

cision

sang

they

the

me

alimèt mété difé sou bagay Tout moun kwè rélé kap lapriè lapriè mwê kap mâjé mâjé pou apézé lwa grên

neath

man

koulèv

sòti

of

-

sou

pli ,

-

-a

-

li

-

bò

,

-

la

-

-pa Â

:

,

yo ,

sa

vini

li

â -

n

,

bri

gazolin

they came the edge the water two big barbecues for him be

hold

vini

You jou moun

-

li

simê

you

kénèp

god for the mas the waters and they had the greatest respect for him Every year took the snake for

ter

raised

.

.

-

-

l-

pié

tâdé tout

wè

prâ kèk

li

fè ,

a

-

koupé

bô

sé

,

li -

mêm

âglé

nòm

which every day came out hole lounging the branches the whole body the tree the ground Everybody the vicinity

body from Englishman

tout moun vlé maché sou

li la,

-

maché sou you pié

mwê Fòk rivé nòm

lâmè pou

jwen

li

nâ

péi

mal

Yo bò -

sa lòt ”

sòti

bagay

rélé

pou

-

Bô ya , kô - jis -

gê

ki -pa

Dié

ba

-

â

ak

,

-l -

prâ

tout moun

prâ

sa

,

.

,

-a

èskâdal You jou

touyé koulèv

pou

pié

169

to

tè . la

yo

li

-

é

dlo

vini

pou

pwa châté dâsé âpéché tout moun dòmi fatigé you âglé nòm désiziô

Dié

gêgnê pou

-

fè

dé

yo gro .

-

-a

pou mèt dlo grâ rèspè Chak ané

babako

Tout moun pou

fè ,

yo

,

-

-r

swa koulèv

prâ

a , té - - -

kò

bwa

â

tout

nâ éjiô

, swa

yo

Bô

-l ap - flânê sou -brâch

trou

CREOLE

an

HAITIAN

HALL ]

AMERICAN

170

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

ill

of

a match to light a cigarette right near the gasoline; the gasoline caught fire , [and ] by their luck both them

,

of

were stuck both

caught fire

them

re

to

,

.

]

[

and they were badly burned Un fortunately the Englishman who had set fire the snake died three days

.

is

',

a

,

.

a

,

rice which was ripe

didn

eat thereof unless

At

his

all

, 's

of

;

him

would

be

he

,

to

he

]

long

could

;

wood was getting

the get

he

who

,

. .

All day

all

to

[

of

.

to

't

,

.

have

worked was getting

who water

,

.

,

,

,

could get water pounding rice shelling beans etc All the children were working with glad

,

mirlitons

.

okra

,

beans

,

kinds

, .

of

a

to

,

hearts because they knew they were going Therefore they eat rice they cooked lot rice killed three four chickens they cooked many of

yo

,

.

yo

,

,

,

.

yo

yo

ou

his

dlo

sa Sa

wood

pral mâjé diri touyé twa Dôk kwit âpil diri kat poul kwit âpil kalité légim pwa gôbo militô kônê

they didn people

kap chèché pilé diri kalé pwa ravay avèk kôtâ kè

-t

maché achté

Tout lajoûnê tout kap chèché bwa

rice with

first time

eat the rice On that day the head the family had much rice pounded and sent buy what wife the market

or

yo

moun

pilé âpil

,

dlo

ap

chèché

Tout paské

li

, , . .

travay

chèché bwa

nâ - a

sa a

gêgnê

- - ti -

ap ap

y

- -

y

moun

voyé madâm

nâ -pa -té

li

yo

sa

,

diri

fè

going

fâmiy

chèf

,

,

-

come taste

that means the Jou

of

,

all

few in

:

,

garden

He

diri

important friends espe the friend who had given him the most help when he was making the dren cially

to

-ap

sa fè

-

a

t-

-

li

;

li -1 t-

lè

vin

-

li

ki

nâ vlé -

jadê

,

,

zâmi epòtâ sitou zâmi plis kôkou gouté diri avè pou pral mâjé prémié fwa ké kèk

that time the head the family got together his children family son law the children chil a

pitit

fis

râsâblé tout

fâmiy

bò -

-a

famiy

chèf

tout

, :

di - -a, li , â, té -a , sa ba . ,

Lè

pitit pitit

li

it .

to

have the right had tasted

he 't

he

den

the anti voodoo cam peasant had fine gar

a

,

when

of

-l

gouté

paign

-

-

. té -

pa

,

li

mi

Rice

Long before

té

abitâ

gê

-pa ki lò té yo

.

,

-l -

la

dwa mâjé

sâ

yê

bèl jadê diri dâ

.

20

gêgnê

Tasting

réjété

avâ

all

. of

Diri

-

.

in

-

Gouté

Lôtâ

“

,

's

it ”

,

ti -

li

-

kou grâ moun

“

'

di

k

Sa

“

,

moun

"

-1

ki

bouch tout moun

-

touyé

Mê

vini you

sé

-

nâ la

châsô

provèb

,

’, lè a

Dépi koulèv

:

to

;

later and the other friend has mained infirm the present time Since that time the proverb He who says There the snake the by one who kills has become people chil word the mouth dren and grown ups

HAITIAN

HALL )

CREOLE

171

girls were

in

,

in

the kitchen helping their prepare the supper

,

all

.

,

they made

;

in

a

in

mixture that was for the dead with broken legs all

-

alâ

vegetables

come and the visible ones who were prowling around

.

-

't

,

who couldn

la

-

k

ka - yo ,

yo

pa - fè

ki

-ap ,

-p

-

sé

,

,

sa

-

la

mété tout légim ou mò pié kasé rivé avèk tout êvizib rodé tou kay

mélâj

.

to

mother When the food was cooked the wife called her husband First they took they put out first dish the a

nâ

-

yô

yo

li .

-a

,

da ,

Lò

kwit madâm rélé prémié plat Dabò wété

yo

mari

mâjé

it,

-

yo

fi

,

-ap -

.

-a

-

-

nâ nâ

all

paré soupé

ti -

While the food was on the fire , the little boys got together the courtyard telling stores all the little

ap

Pâdâ mâjé - a nâ -difé , tout ti- gasố réini lakou tiré kôt tout pré mêm kwizin édé mâmâ

.

“

:

of

, ,

the

and

with

broken

invisible ones your come here

share

's

,

don

they

When

were sure that making the rounds the courtyard they came back with

.”

share

Dead

food

water

;

who

said

your want

of

a

here

a

]

[

,

a

they

then legs

a

,

he

of

a

of

of

spoon drop

to

yo

kiyé

the father cast boy cast little

't ' s

-

, ,

la

rès

The head the family took the plate with gave spoon boy pot they water and made the rounds the courtyard Every time

,

; yô yo rôd

.”

ou

Lè

fè

té -

fini

rétoûnê avèk bay chak moun kiyé

ou

pa

ti pa

,

,

yo

ké -

yo yô

,

a

-â

vlé

-

, -a ti .

pa "

-

mê

rivé mê

.

yo -l

,

kiyé

gout dlo

jété

yo

asiré

lakou patajé

pòt dlo papa jété fwa

Mò

:

ki di

yo

-a té , -

yo

êvizib

-

yô -a

li

,

épi

gasô

pié kasé

kiyé mâjé

avèk

la

Chak gasô

rôd lakou

plat

prâ

yô

ti -

yô fè

.

the house

Chèf fâmiy kiyé bay

,

of

they had finished

,

it

.

.

serve got

to

't

.

,

took

chair on

all of

]

of

[

a

,

table and they never for put glass top water a

to

they

to

a

dônê

table

in

the finest table they didn

When

a

have

had

the

always careful

were

they

table

in

. in

of

a

]

top

little

fried

They put

it

,

all

,

on

yô yo

-

sé

sauce

cover the table with cloth

as

diri

-a

kôtribié

they

pro

. -

êvizib

sa

tout

room

put

They

aside

meat and meat down [

,

sa

ti -

yô

ro

â

yo

,

Plat

.

tou

vegetables

;

nâ -

lòt

-l

-pi

gê

prâ

blié mété

jâm

fè

-a

fâmi

ki

,

pou tout grâ lémò tèktè

-

-

,

-

tab

tab

-pa

yo

ro

-

â

dlo -

vè

.

-

té

gégné Kâ chèz pou sèvi tab

mété

,

,

making the rice fructify

Then when

.

to

tributed

the

,

séparé majé

yo

yo

Épi

lò

of

all

.

the table too That dish was for the great dead invisible ones protectors the family who had con

,

yô

a

you

-pa

la

tab

viân

toujou gegnê swê avèk bèl sèvièt

-

kouvri

Yo

plat

Yo mété

dépozé

la yo

châm

, .

tab

wété

légim

sòs

-

â

viân nâ -

fri , yo

,

mêtnâ mété tout

.pa yê

yo

Bô

a

]

[

,

the rest and they distributed giving each person spoonful they Well now took out another plate from they put there the

they

parcelled

out the

on

[

all

)

,

the kitchen

sit

to

they

in

get their share

to

went

of lit .

off

in -

to

,

top

with

law

the table with the head the After that the little boys

,

; :

said

,

"

er .

,

; ;

,

all

,

they

thank you Virgin thank you moth

Thank you Lord thank you father

“

the

.

.

eating

finished

,

had

the kitchen with their eat When all the children

to in

mother

As

eat

or

in

and came down the courtyard else under the dovecote girls they order for stayed

.”

,

family

to

, -

mèsi lavièj

,

Dié

papa mèsi mama

. of

sa

, ,

,

yo

pou

they put the sons important the friends eat food

in

yo

ba

-

â

-

yo a. yo

fi

mêm

ti -

Mèsi

,

"

:

di

ko

mâmâ moun fini mâjé

avèk

Lè tout

.

tout mèsi

Ti -

-

.

rété lakwizin

mâjé

pa

nâ

yo

-

lôbié pou

lakwizin

biê

lakou mâjé

vin chita

mâjé Apré

on

alé prâ

gasô

ti -

yo

tout

avèk

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

zâmi epòtâ chèf fâmi

avèk

Bô -

yo

fis

tab

ro

-

â

bò -

AMERICAN

yo yo yo -

.

172

, , :

,

,

,

, . I

me

of

the stomachs promise the evening

will never forget you either The next morning was all the family members the who shared among themselves the dishes they had

."

to

.

in

combites

right eat the rice when they wished the children had the right make their little kettles

mâjé

to

,

But before they had tasted the rice not able take thereof to

.

they were

to

-

té

pa

yo

,

té -a -

diri yo

pou

-

dâ té -

gouté

-

la

Mê avâ kapab prâ

yo

.

dwa

,

nâ fè -

ti -

moun

hold

gather the rice they had the

of

fè

gê

gê

dwa mâjé

, to

ti -

chodiè

vlé -a

-

lè

.yo yo

kéi diri

, ,

yo

a

-

diri

yo gê

yo

lè ,

lè ki -

A

pou

kôbit

it

,

of

the bedroom for the dead Now they had the right

set

dwa

to

nâ -

-

té

mò

.

-

,

pou

yo

-

- yo , le sé -

na

châm

-â

tout mâb fâmi plat mété

ki

I

you

Dêmê matê patajé âtré

you

per all

I

children

well

,

my

see

you have

fill

have not forgotten in

.”

of

,

twins and all my loas to

-m

-a

-

a

,

ti -

fè

p

Thank you Father God the saints the angels the dead the Guinea

mitted me

tou

the family himself eating he said

finished

,

-

é

-pa

-

,

lé

- yo -ap

blié nou

jâm

head

he

when “

.yo ,

sê , -m ,

lé -

zâj

mò marasa Gînê tout lwa wè biê nou blié nou pèmèt mwê vât tout moun mwề plê swè mwê promèt nou mwê

Mwê

The

,

li

-

lé

,

"

-

,

-a

di :

li

fini mâjé

lè

li -

Chèf fâmi mêm Mèsi papa Bô Dié

.

eat

to

a

give

]

( lit .

set

may leave animals for him

At

time like he

kill for

a

to

,

him

.

them

may

make the last prayer

do

for

them he

A

vlé

.

of

,

't

they don that what wants misfortune will befall the person who has the duty the prayer if

-

chajé

person

dead

day for

la

li

sa

gê fè

yo

ki pa -

-

nâ

si -

,

sa

kô -

). ]

fè yo

yo

dènié

touyé

,

.

Gras

-

li

Lè

rivé moun

-a

malè priè

-ap

-

pou

li . li,

-

(

-

(

.

21

Jeanty Henri Cochon Mò kôn bay jou pou priè kônê lésé bèt pou

173

he to

,

it

,

)

on a

die

be

.

a

to

As

.

.

on

,

on

as

they began

Wednesday the last Wednesday week

Lédan had always his last prayer Tuesday his wife was quite will

But

Brother

said they

should

hold

,

a

on

They held the

.

in

the prayers prayer finished

,

.

it

to

,

Tuesday One Tuesday hold when everyone knew that the last prayer was being held his wife heard ing

.

[

and

,

A

they greeted

the

offered

them

the house They chairs they sat down

There

was one

the men who got

in

,

of

up .

who were

.

people

had put

were two men

there

,

who appeared

said

it

woman

Thereupon

]

,

gether

she

the

.

.

't

in -

her brother law who told her that customarily done Then she wasn put off the last prayer Tuesday everybody was gathered to when

prayer

last

“

:

woman asked

, :

]

said

told you hold Thereupon the

Who

to

I

and

[

chair

are you

? ”

the

his today

? ”

't

“

from

Wasn

up

it

I

.”

"

:

put The woman answered till tomorrow The other man got

. off "

a

“

:

]

and said You said there was last prayer which was being held today

bop

.

if

, he

for

It

the afternoon

off

” a

-

té -

Lédan died

it

-

ni

madâm

Brother

burial

!

di

nâ la gê - .

-a té . -

l

sou -

-

fè

La a

.

ki

mêm

vid Madâm mouri twa jou

li,

.

. -

chèy

nâ ou

? ”

Li yo

“

Sé -

"

fòs

yô

ki li

-a

.

fèt

-pa ,

nâ

dé -

nâ -

di

fèt -a

,

di

nâ

priè

Ki moun

Sé -

dé -

dènié

mâdé

défê frè

sa sâ

-p

pou

jodi

mouri

arèt

té

lévé bwap

nòm

nòm

tôbé apré

ésplikasiô

Lòt

jodi

râvoyé

konésâs

Tou

ki

"

?yé

tou madâm

Mwê

répôn

ak

mwê

di li .”

chèy

li té - ,

-

pou démê

Gê yôn

chita

- ak fè

,

nâ

Madâm

-

yô

lévé dènié priè

-a

ki

,

chèy

msié kay

pa

La -a

.

yo li yo

ofri

tou

salié moun

yo

,

Yo

mésié

, ki : ki li yo , t di a “ - di : li yo a ap gê -ap “W . . sa ki

-

li

-

.

,

li

li

fè

li

râvoyé parèt

was Tuesday she should hold the last prayer him Tuesday when happened

[

fè

. yo

ni

dènié

madi madâm biê kôsâti madi You madi ké tout moun könê ké dènié priè fèt madâm ni kouté bò frè kôn Épi râvoyé dèniè priè You madi dènié moun réini madâm priè

One day Brother Lédan chanced he had always told his wife might Sunday died die

;

,

yô li

.

li

. ,

,

dènié

Me kòm

pou

sé -

di

wit

-

-

frè Lédâ toujou

.

mèkrédi

finimèkrédi

yô

fè

frè

-

nâ -

-â

ap

priè

-a

yo

priè

-a

kômâsé

dènié priè

madi Lédâ mouri apré midi Kòm

lâtèmâ

fè

li, li -

yô

-

trouvé

â

di ,

sé -

,

Sé

mèt mouri

madi pou

dimâch

Yo

trouvé mouri

frè Lédâ

madâm

li

Yô

jou

toujou

CREOLE

[ lit .

HAITIAN

HALL ]

Both

were empty

The woman fell unconscious She died three days after that was the same man who It

.

.

.

the chairs

king

Poor Boy Who Married

Daughter had

beautiful

daughter

,

-

té

fi, li

-

bèl

A

the gêyê you bèl

King

.

Rwa

You rwa

Story

a

Marie

of a

Ki

's

You Maléré té

ak -

Fi

Istwa .

.

22

.

to

an

, ,

had died who appeared with his dead accounting with brother hold his wife

of to

't

at

,

a

. the

his daughter and

of

a

what they her There were even those who came from other lands ask the king for his daughter king single condition for But the set know

to t

marry

a

.

to

't

'

and who didn give wouldn

,

,

or

everybody poor rich who wanted marry his daughter Here the

.

in

a

a

,

a

If

condition man succeeded catching his daughter with tale story riddle the king would marry daughter and that man

his he

of ;

his

the

la

I

't

guess

say whether

,

-

vil -

enig

tale

whether there were lot rich young men who were crazy over that girl

to

la -

-

fi

si -

,

need

king was proud

:

,

-

,

nâ -

-a

tout

tie

,

.

,

if

a

gift would make man half fortune But also the girl guessed the story the king would have them

.

nâ

maré kou dôté pou

don

a

Si

té -

:

â

ap

yo

fè

-ap . pa

-

moun

Mê tou

kò

ki

,

la

-

nâ

kôt you marié

fè ap

rwa

kòd milèt trênê moun sila mouri moun

milèt

-

ki

,

l- -a -

ak

li

fi

; , a

-

fi

ak

li -

,

nâ

you

épi

kado mwatié fòtin déviné kôt rwa

li

-

sèl

kô

li .

,

-

fi

ak

moun arivé kolé you énim istwa

-jis

single

single story she didn

,

pa

-

sòt lòt péi vini mâdé rwa pou ékzijé you pou kôdisiô prétân tout moun pòv rich you marié Mé kôdisiô

Mê rwa

moun sila

wasn

to

li .

-

-t té fi dé -a fi .li ki -

té

ki -fiè

yo

si

jâ

-pa

ak

ki

-

é

fou

Gêyê mêm

ki

-

rwa

kônê

marié

rich sa

di

-pa

sila

yo

té -g

pou

li

é

- -si fi

bézwê êyê âpil jèn

bay pou

,

She was good especially There

and

she was very

is

.

wise

mas

Mwê

as the moon

the sun . With that,

.

pa

déviné

-

li

,

you kôt you istwa

as beautiful

she was

too

. Nâpwê

sitou nâ - énim

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

a

. Li té-fê

savé

Ak - sa akò , li té - tre

.

. .

ak - solèy

kô lalin

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

't

AMERICAN

174

a

,

in

to

,

's

pushed selves

the fact that the second many men was hard ambition presented them the king house order

,

condition

by

have that beautiful woman But everybody that presented themselves speaking even before they finished the king daughter guessed what they say

's

, ,

.

.

-a

si

yo

sa

,

.

li

di

-pa

lòd di .

-a -

-a

fi

,

yo

ki

-

lakay rwa pou Mê tout moun fini palé rwa dévini pral Mwê bézwê rwa ézékité touswit

t

Despite

té -

-

lâbisió prézaté gêyê bèl nègès sila prézâté âvâ mêm

at

pa

-

kôdisiô

fè

yo

-

Malgré ké dézièm rèd âpil moun pousé

nâ

.

to

,

of

to

his neck the bridle mule which was not yet tamed for the mule pull that man around the whole town until the man died

to

's 's

, ,

all

,

,

all s

'

men

's

poor

]

ki

the way that the way who came king sons like men sons handsome young like those who were ugly

That that

[

jâ

rwa

bèl tout

.

,

pasé

,

,

tout

kapab kolé

jèn

-a

,

sa

-

kô kô lèd

tout moun

pitit pòv

fi

.

rwa

-pa ki

sa

mouri

-

kou

Yo

tâ

vini pitit

sé

,

sa

, Sé kô -

.

't

I

.

to

say were going don need whether the king had his orders carried out immediately

CREOLE

all

.

,

a

no

It

.

[ lit .

to

.

Mother

I'

said

,

little trip

ll of

.

a

make

and

:

,

] , at .” he

kité

oldest was tired

the

[

.”

mê

who her give

send

order

in

to

]

chagrê

Finally

suffering a

,

sòti

ti -

-

fè

résévwa pasé âvâ kèk rétoûnê Tout

king daughter She knew difficult story and the boy received death just like those who had come before

.

all

,

to

in

]

,

,

and

[

, .

his

ni nô -

nâ

,

sé -

nor the

.

resolved

go

.

.

)

(

.

in

Bones

to

prâ

wè koté lòt frè

ré -

's .

.

Zo

âpil

.

rèd

alé

days passed

oldest brother

Ti -

Ti -

fifteen

were torn Little Bones that was the last child name also was suffering The situation was very bad Little

-

ap

Five ten neither the

soufri

yo

-

li

Sitiasiôâ zolisiô pou

died just like

brother

second brother came back Their anxiety Her entrails mother was

.

-

t-

tou

frè

Zo ( yo-

grâ

.

-

ap

li

-

la

dènié pitit

ni

,

jou

pasé

rétoûné Mâmâ koupé

)

Trip

kêz pa

,

,

lapên

.

frè

go

to

him not he went He went the but he didn succeed

catching the girl and dis

where his his

't

house

.

of

.

to

go

a

begging

and

he

's

king

Sêk

to

big

]

't in

got

dézièm

-

go

?

.

a

to

to

's

's

,

[

mother

see

Despite

.

li .

-

second child asked had gone

brother

,

-

ti fi -a

Li

. li

li

pa

tâ

-

,

li li

pa

li

-

é

-l -

Malgré tout siplié mâmâ siplié pati pati pou lévé alé lakay rwa mê réisi kolé mouri kou frè

several days passed and the brother didn come back The whole family was worry The state

him

;

li . -

pasé

's

té -

.

-

frè li

.

pitit

up

-

té

-pa

-

li nâ -

-

la

-

té

la

-

é

-

sa

tâ

lamò kou jou pasé grâ frè fâmiy lêkiétid Dézièm mâdé pou alé wè koté

li;

la

Li

? —

rwa bway

-a

fi

ki

,

lakay rwa

alé

- .

kôt difisil

you

-

ti -

bway

éséyé kolé

ti -

-

li

Ki koté pou

la

.

],

in

,

The mother

lit .

-

,

kônê

that point was sor rowful sorrow but she let him depart nevertheless Where did the little boy try the king house catch the

li

ap

you

(

-

nâ

mêm

.

-

,

m

té

pati

-

Mâmâ kâ

bouké soufri

grâcâ

-lè a

“

children suffered

-pi

fê

dé -

A di : -

li li

Mâmâ

mother

little nourishment Thus the great deal

a

them

lafê

't

.

's a

,

the poor unfortunate was obliged turn body right and left

“

-

-ti . la -

-

;

, li a

Sé -

yô

kò

. yo

ba

nouriti

soufri âpil

té

ti -

moun

couldn

before they had trade and they didn want work the land was

,

yo

té -

ki

yo , té -

é

;

ki - té yo té -

la

gòch pou

died They daughter

There was mother who had three children who had had good education but they were very unfortunate be long time cause their father had died

't

yo

-pa té -

-

vlé tâ

-pa té - - lô -

Osi

mouri

gêyệ métié

travay latè pòv malérèz blijé voyé dwat

-

é a

mâmå

twa

mê

lêstriksiô paské papa

,

maléré âpil dépi

[and ] the king

catch gêyê

yo

gêyê

té

pitit

mâmâ bô

ki

gêyê

té -

yô

Té -

passed

175

to

HAITIAN

HALL ]

see

where

his

. ' If t

I'

he

.”go

't

his

ll

,

in

,

Lit

;

re

.

on

,

to

In

herself

in

]

Little

poisoned

a

provi

Bones

piece

bread

.

contained

of

(

,

;

to

leave but avoid her child suffering much trouble like the others what his mother did was she put the bag

,

donkey they Little Bones saddled called Paul kissed his mother and he set out He walked and walked and felt [

,

] he

,

[

a

at

.

he

a

need

fellow

lit .

he do ]

he

discharge

, . .

he

,

felt

my dear [

't

need one can

eat

] to

:

is

Guess what

ah ,

[

.

a

to

in

he

began

for

So

in

to

a

of

on

.

:

-l -

place

put another bowel movement top big rock which the bread was there and went the toilet

.

nâ -

rajé

Before

it

ki .

:

you gro roch

He stopped

was hungry

order have little food He put his bag down and took the bread

a

-pê

,

bézwê poupou

lòt

- -

. la . . .

li

yô

yô

li

ti -m

li fè

li

tè ,

-

a

bézwê

mô chè

ro

-â -

li

mété alé okabiné

âjé

prâ

sâti

pou

nâ

pê

kapab

é

la

-

té

Atò

-pa

Déviné moun

fè a

ki -l ès :

-l -

, ,

-

la

mété makout Avâ kômâsé mâjé

gou

sâti

l- ,

li

,

maché maché rété koté pou yo

Li Li

Li

.

]

a

-

té

yo

pati

you

long run the mother letting Little Bones

the

signed

sions rélé

.

âbrasé mâmâ

li, li

Zo

li Ti

,

pòl

you bourik

come

Bones did not heed mother leaving anyhow

which sélé

)

(

, ,

tle

.

pê

you

they haven

must have died my house leave who will be died please my child don they

back

li

,

lòt

sa

ki yo -

;

Ti -

li

,

évité

poté makout âpwazônê

mété

fè Ti - ,

li

pou

nâ -

li

pati mê

pasé âpil pay Zo

li

ké -

pitit

mâmâ provizið

mâmâ rézignê

,

bout

lésé

kô

pou

Zo

Bout

.

, ,

have already left

insisted pou

his

other brothers had gone. His mother refused mother cried She begged My child your two brothers

he

, .

-pa

-

mêm

.

Ti -

.” a-

kâ

vlé pati

li

ou

yo

, ,

m

-pa

,

, ka li , -

ki -pa

,

yo

ou

Si

kouté mâmâ

frè

pati Li déja rétoûnê dwé mouri pati pral mouri mwê pati souplé pitit mwê Zo

,

li krié .

“

li : “ Pitit mwê , dé

:

réfizé , mâmâ

li

Mâmâ

siplié

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

,

pasé .

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

him

AMERICAN

176

guard

:

says

guard

to to

a

cat

think they ought

set

the

as ,

.

died

returned

he

Little Bones

.

he

!

,

fell blip

,

When

,

:

,

,

.

't

to

was astonished see the donkey had died and didn see the bread He understood then and there that the he

Li

wè ba

.pê li

li

-pa

li ,

-

é

,

sézi

té -

Zo

li

Ti -

-

la

pwazônê

.

té -â

a

li -

-

mouri wè mêm ké pé mâmâ

rétoûnê

set

bread for when Little Bones went into the bush the donkey who was hungry the man ate the bread Immediately the donkey

la

Lè bourik kôprân

to

a

is

."

butter donkey

I

“

proverb which

ought not

as

-

.

!

There They

to

-

tâ

kô Ti -

la

-

.

mouri

li

tôbé blip

â

la

-pê

- -

la

nâ

dwé bay chat gadé Mwê kwè dwé bay bourik gadé rajé bourik grâgou âtré mâjé kou nèg Désuit bourik

pa Zo yo -

Yo

.

the bush

bè .

“

pê ” ki ki - : té - ka di : ,

Gêyê you provèb

HAITIAN

)

HALL

CREOLE

177

bread his mother had given him was

.

poisoned

Ti-Zo ki té- êtélijâ , li “ Mâmâ

-m

réfléchi é- li di : fè you tou , li tué Pòl. ”

kötinié maché . Lè li rivé pi douvâ , li gadé dèyè , li wè twa chê k - apé-mâjé bourik - la . La -mêm twa E

-li

Bones , who was intelligent , : “ My mother me, she killed

Little

reflected and said played a trick on

Paul.” . And ke kept on walking . When he got farther along, he looked back

[and ] he saw three dogs which were mouri. Li réfléchi âkò é- li di: eating the donkey . On the spot the “ Mâmâ - m jwé - m you tou , tou -a tué three dogs died . He reflected some Pòl, Pòl-a tué twa chê .” more and he said : “ My mother played me a trick , the trick killed Paul , Paul killed three dogs . ” Immediately three more dogs came Touswit twa chê vini ap -pasé âkò ; yo mâjé twa prémié chê - â yo é- yo passing by; they ate the first three too

, I

the country

Now

for

done

)

,

Bones reflected some more My mother and he said played me trick the trick killed Paul Paul killed three three killed :

,

took

“

up

di :

Little

,

." ,

a

,

tué

he

,

.” -a -é

li

m

-

-a

,

-

“

m

Mâmâ Pòl Pòl

li

réprân réfléchi âkò jwé you tou tou tué twa twa tué twa

,

Zo

Ti -

."

since dog eats dog

is

“

:

)

't

. ( I,

,

,

-

,

la

lè

said

.”

piské chê mâjé chê

dogs and they died who wasn too far away was astonished and

I

ki

lè - -pa ki - té -

trò lwê péi

“ A

-

di :

(

Mwê mwê

.

tou

mwê sézi fini ,

mouri

é

che yo

,

he

,

on

.

on

he

.

a

.

on

,

it

a

it

't ;

My

the

a

he

, re

up

,

to

he

,

same question

a

,

:

mother played me the trick killed Paul Paul “

he

,

trick

took

good

I

I

,

I

I

seen

,

,

killed three three killed three aimed got what had never what saw at

,

said

."

you

't

flected

,

-

sa m

.

he

jwé

,

.”

-pa

, a

,

sa

he

, he

hadn

which got

the lion He was female seen was her

Little Bones didn lose such opportunity take notice

okazio

tou tué Pòl Pòl tué twa twa wè mwê prâ tué twa mwê vizé jâm wè mwê

tou

fired

lion

réprâ mêm

bòn

-m

-

Mâmâ

m

,

réfléchi

li

si

pèdi you

nòt

li

,

késiô

-pa di : , “ li

Zo

Ti -

-â l-

prâ

Bones

the

,

lion

gun

get

't

didn

pou

Little

.

-l

.

took

his he

ân , -

-

pa

.

li

went his way was lucky He walked with his gun his shoulder He went ahead two steps Immediately and saw lion ]

,

ou fémèl

kept

Then

he walked

[

li

,

sé -y li

liô

prâ fizi

prâ

li

,

wè

dé té

fè

li .

.

liô

prâ

sé -

.

Li

Li

Touswit

-pa

-pa té - Li

chếminê maché

li .

té -

,

Ti - li

yô -

,

.

li

-â

ké

li

,

wè

liô

tiré

liô

li

,

li

-

ak

fizi

avâ

kôtinié Zo châsé sou zépòl

. he

three

Âswit maché

.

,

"

: ,

three saw

, I I

,

to

,

a

at

had never

of

ate

seen

the

in

yet made

.”

,

took

soap

he it .

a

, 't

had been

twisted

drank the

and

,

On

water

either

from

"

:

which sky

the

not

did

or

drank

I

,

of

of

”

,

tè .

ni nâ : “ nâ -

-

water which came out the spot Little Bones profited the water the vine which gave him the last part the riddle by

,

la

-

dlo

liân

Mwê

sièl

-

sòti

nâ

ki

bwè dlo

-pa

-

ni nâ

li

-

profité dé dènié pati énim

mêm

ki

Zo

Ti -

ba La -

of

it

,

he

as

;

where vine

.

-

he

sòti

the trick

words the Lord Afterwards Little Bones was thirsty hadn found any water he

té -

pa

li

ki

,

li

- té li - - , a

té -

é

you

prâ

bwè dlo

li

li

,

tòdé

nâ

da

-

kòm

yé

li

koté

dlo

liân savô la

Zo

Ti -

,

jwên

swaf

he

,

he

I

what

got

meat which was not Apré

My

say

trick

, ,

-

,

thing

me

killed Paul Paul killed three killed three aimed what

I I

,

-

m

wè sa

Dié.”

Bones

,

-

té

"

mwê aròl Bô

-p

ki

-

mwê pòkò fèt

-m

li ki

Zo

pa

nâ jâm

,

sa

mwê prâ mâjé viân

found another mother played

,

tué

twa tué twa mwê vizé

twa

wè

Mâmâ Pòl Pòl tué

li

-a -

tou

,

, -m

you tou

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

The lioness was pregnant Little who was hungry split open her belly and ate the cub and

gou

trouvé

é

mâjé pitit

you lòt bagay pou

jwé

- -Ti di : la

.

-

-

é

li

plên

té

liô

vât

li

Fémèl fân

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

he

AMERICAN

178

come the

from

he a

's .

a

be

ll

'

:

,

in

I

,

I

,

,

a

on

't

or

road

,

his

, the

.

was

when

]! ”

,

he

arrived

and they had

,

open

,

loud

he 's

king

honor honor

. ; lit

very

arrived

at

he

Hello

they came

he

he

;

he

a

, as

called

"

.'

the sky

[

rwa kouté

My

ate meat the words

feather was glad was whistling

Finally house

continued

Bones

"

li yo

”

-

é

ouvri

Little light singing

to

fi

,

Onè onè

vin “

, .

mênê palé

li

êvité

yo

,

Yo

. -l

lò

;

Zo fò

rivé

âtré yo

-

é

Zo Ti - biê

Ti -

fè

di

li

rivé lakay rwa

say

drank water which

the earth

.

-

ap

,

-

tâ

kou

l-

,

l-

li

,

ap - li,

Zo

Ti -

léjé

châté

.

siflé Âfê

kôtâ

big daughter

I

the Lord and

from

kôtinié chimê

he

,

I'

m

' to s

I'

In

I

of

didn see was not yet made

had not come either from

plim

ve

I'

“

:

.

I

got what

which

you

felt

found the king

mother played me trick the trick killed Paul Paul killed three three killed three fired what saw

I

ki

dlo

”

panâ -pa

, a

sa

ki

-

tè

nâ

.'

ni é-

sièl

-

ni

nâ Bô -

,

sòti

riddle which will catch daughter two days marry the king shot going Here what

.

di :

-

,

-m

,

,

sa

,

-

'

jwé you tou tou Mâmâ tué Pol Pòl tué twa twa tué twa mwê tiré mwê wè mwê prâ mwê pòkò fèt wè mwê mâjé viân paròl Dié mwê bwè

Little Bones was glad was happy He said

, ,

-ap

, -

-

m

pral

m

.

pou kolé

's I, 'll

nèg

: fi di

grâ

Mê

rwa

.

ki li

li

,

-

fi

m ak

.

-a

éré

énim

jou mwê

Nâ

marié

sâti

you

dé

“

rwa

kôtâ

jwên

sâ

Ti -

Zo

Mwê

Li

.”

earth

Lit

HAITIAN

HALL )

CREOLE

179

tle Bones come in . They brought the king 's daughter to listen to Little

]

he

, his

,

be

.

moun kônê déja

he

[

's

tout

on

énim

Bones and they invited him to speak . Before the young man started , he was so sure that he was going to catch put king daughter that hips hands his crossed his feet the

-

ké

répété

é

li

kwazé

li

pié

Avâ msié kômâsé , li tèlmâ si ké li apr -al kolé fi rwa, li mété mê nâ -rê, li

,

in

't

lit .

.

Bones greedily

dine Little Bones ate unbuttoned an

Little

déboutônê

. .

]

[

Rwa gòj

to

mâjé

,

.

Zo

Ti -

sônê

li,

nâ -

midi

dinê

.

Ti -

Zo

li

êvité

lèspri

chaché

li

, ,

chaché âyê

jwên

jis

-pa -Ti fi

.

repeated the riddle that every and body knows already The girl sought and sought her mind but she didn find anything until noon sounded The king invited

[

with

,

it

's

[ lit .

'

o

six

Bones had supper but the daughter couldn eat She was

angry that

]

. [

't

's

,

Little king

]

.] [

Ti -

Zo .

kô

Zo

Ti -

fè

la

répété

,

).

throat daughter After dinner the king through went all the riddle books she had but unsuccessfully was nothing When clock came

,

liv

,

-

- .

pa

-a

ti -

yo

fasè

. Li

- li. -

,

faché pou kapab kolé plizié fwa enim

Siz è

sé

, fi ,

li Zo

énim

Li Ti -

diné rwa fouyé tout gêyê mê âyê rivé soupé kapab mâjé rwa fi

Apré

a

little meddler like Little She had Little Bones repeat the riddle several times

.

.

Bones could catch her

,

o

Little

sleep

.

Bones

to

go

.

't

'

]

(

When nine clock came the king daughter hadn yet found any thing suggested She that Little

's

.

.

Zo

Ti -

.

,

Zo

Ti -

Li

ofri

rwa pòkò jwên âyê asépté dòmi fi

rivé

-è

Nèv

ac

Bones

in

,

,

nounced

on

the girl an day that the next the pres noon

from

the king the

to

,

,

,

clock

'

o

eleven

searching

she

daughter was still saw

's

the king

.

to

.

'

,

clock

'

ten

o

[

night

;

when she was caught and she would have marry poor little dew shaker boy like Little Bones she said she

' i[.

,

.

-

'

trick

.

a

would play

e

to

really

a

riz . -

At

, ]

,

souké yo

-apti li

épi

]

-

chaché

kolé

fè -"

,

fi

li

Zo ,

ak

li

sé -

tout

marié

-Ti

di :l yo bô

di -

ôz è

lè

”

larouzé

swa

wè

kô

-l -

pou

al , è,

Diz toujou

at

of

queen and all the other princes she was going guess Little Bones riddle Otherwise marry him she would be obliged

ence

,

Kak

rwa

ap

- Ti li li

,

l-a

,

blijé marié

-

,

,

li

dévâ tout énim

Oh

yo

-

Sâ

kwa tou

lòt

larên

pral dévinê

.

dévâ

-

rwa

dêmê Zo a

fi

dévâ

prês

rwa anôsé

.

midi

ké -

dépi

a -

O

.

cepted

AMERICAN

180

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

Âvâ fi rwa alé dòmi, li âtré nâ -châm li abiyé kò pa , mê li dégizé,

.

Ti-Zo ;

li

tèlmâ biê ké -moun

dégizé

rékònèt toujou ,

li.

Sa

ki pi

li

fè

sa

rèd , li

é

pa -sa

pi

vini

bèl tâté

pou - l-té - kapab

Ti- Zo . Li bay Ti- Zo kozé , kozé . Ti -Zo kômâsé wè ti- fi - a bèl . Ti- Zo kômâsé

(MEMOIRS ,

ASSOCIATION

74

'

Before the king s daughter went to

sleep

,

into Little Bones ' ; she dressed herself up , but she

room

she went

herself , and she disguised well that a person couldn ' t

disguised

herself

so

. What was hardest (was became even more beauti

recognize her

that]

she

tou papa

tiful Little Bones began make declarations the girl The king daughter was glad she profited

to

in

did

to

to

.

.

to

's

.

,

.”

to

-

t-

a

,

-

âpil

.

:

sa

nô mwề

li

m

rakôté

ki “

-

-y

-a

lâ

di

Ti -

-

l--

ou

-

; fi a.

té

li

ou

rémèsié

ful ;

be

she that order able tempt Little Bones She talked and talked with Little Bones Little Bones began see the girl was beau

nâ

fè ti- fi déklarasið . Ti- fi rwa kôtâ , li profité pou toûnê kôvèsasiô koté vlé Li Zo kô Sâblé ou istwa kolé rwa difisil

;

in

,

to

."

be

is

I'

d

,

to

,

,

a

want

't

left she

I

,

before

tell

trick

didn

:

to

you

love with

"

pê

of

I

,

to

the

and

]

I

to

I

,

rock and then went the donkey ate the bread

[

;

toilet

on

of

;

is en

die

a

,

I

to

-

-

m

tell

gave me poisoned piece bread would route the trick the the name killed Paul Paul donkey was riding come got put the bread place eat down

.”

la

mouri

come here

to on a a

, épi

-

la

me

alé bourik

-âpê

mâjé

that means my mother

-

-

nâ

, nô

-

roch

-

la

bourik

-

okabiné

difficult very grateful

the beautiful woman started My mother played truly

:

,

,

té -

m

-

-m , m , - li té té - sè - bâ , -

sou you

tè

, -

a

-âpê

-

té -

-a

,

-

â

isi , sa

mwê vini avâ mwê vini mwê you pwazônê pou mouri ché mê tou tué Pòl Pòl bourik mwê môté pou vini mwê vini you koté pou mwê mâjé mwê dépozé vlé

so

di :

“

:

pa -m

rakôté vré Mâmâ vlé Mâmâ

extremely

Little Bones who was

la

kômâsé jwé you tou

now

I

rêmê bèl nègès

-

ki

Zo

Ti -

which

me

it

's

a

“

:

It

.

it

to

to

]

(

thereby turn the conversation the way she wanted She spoke thus Little Bones seems you caught daughter with story the king

.”

the donkey died But Little Bones finished saying spirit came into his these last words

,

to

ve

heard

come and

.

,

Little

. .

king

all

the

,

,

He

day

present

.

to

it

noon colleagues

at

,

was

day

all his

continue devil

the

be

,

li

, .

Zo

-

-

,

princes

a

prâ laparol

. Ti -

Zo li,

Ti -

gathered

The next to

. midi rwa rasâblé tout tout prês pou vini asisté Li répété

not

'

Then after what you Bones

Démê fè

head which told him

sent the girl slept and slept until

jou

kòlèg

a

-pa ,

li

jis

li

Zo di

ki

voyé

dòmi

,

dòmi

Ti -

-

tèt

tâdé

as

di , a li

dènié mo sila

li

Zo

.

a o

sa

ti fi -

diab

- .

Épi

Li ou

lèspri vini

you

kôtinié

fini nâ

Ti -

kô

Mê

the

He

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL ]

kômâsé déviné.

kou - l-rivé a -“ Pòl tué kolé , li pa -kapab kôtinié .

twa , ”

li

Little Bones take the floor . Little , he repeated the story ;

had

Bones repeated

the girl started to guess . But when got to " Paul killed three , " she

he

ou tâdé : " Kloch bouyi,

: ki li, ki li , kâm , mété kiyè bwa ki pa -pè chalè , gôg , répété

kibali

rwa

Li voyé

.”

chaché mâmâ

ki vini jwi ak - li.

you heard

:

: ki li , ki li , kâm ,

it repeats

fire , gather

wood which

put

of the heat, gong , gong . ” [? ] Little Bones married the daughter of the king, who gave him half his

He sent for his mother came to enjoy [it ] with him .

, who

mine

gave

me

sent me Dr Métraux

kick the behind and far Marbial tell this little

he

friend

;

good

he

Then , I who heard that , I went to where Little Bones was , for him to do something for me. Little Bones is a

a

a

a

,

of

, to

slingshot

.

,

-

at

He

had

extinguishing the he

of

.

a

,

,

his

he

,

in

so

of

-

,

,

His mother who was there told not shoot the little critter of

I

“

:

.”

he

my nose

and continued Then the bird started

to

aim

.

taking

eating

front

”

without

He said

one alone

bird

it,

't

see

in

You see

can

,

to

him

'

aim

“

:

châté

little

many them had killed One day while he was the courtyard house saw bird palm tree Immediately he took

it s

a

prâ

with

the point

a

-

pa

-

vizé Alò zwazo

-

kôtinié

.

é li

li ”

-

m

-k

“

pa

“

la

-

-

di : ti

.”

sèl

li

you tiré bèt Ou wè ap wè you Msié Mwè mâjé zwazo dévâ né mwê pou

birds

come species

time there was

who was always shooting

.

sé - -

té la .

ki

li

, .

-pa

Imédiatmâ msié vizé Mâmâ

di

té -t

-

li

nâ tâ - -k -

,

-

li

,

-

la

li, yo Li li . té

vâsé fini ras You jou pâdâ lakou lakay wè you zwazo sou you pié palmis

Once upon good man

on a

fistibal ouyé

.

ak -

,

bônôm

. ki

, ti -

ap

you

tiré zwazo

-

tâ

tout

t-

You fwa

gê

té -

.

.]

Man Eats Bird

[

23

.

lie

.

the

.

sa -a

ti -

-

boil ,

on

not afraid

is

]

mwê Mabial mâti jis

nâ -dèyè , li voyé

pou bay Doktè Métro

.

on

" Bell

fortune .

Atò , mwê ki tâdé sa , mwê vini koté Ti-Zo pou l- fè kichoy pou -mwê. Ti-Zo sé - bô zâmi mwê, li bâ - m you kou

t-pié

she couldn 't keep

Thereupon

[

li ,

ak - fi

gôg

,

was stuck

to

Ti- Zo marié mwatié fòtin li .

nå

li difé ,

as in

La -mêm

as a

fi - a

Mê

of

istwa - a ;

répété

181

, on

-

be

d

I' 't

,

;

beautiful

,

being silly

it

to

,

"

'

You

shot and the little bird pick The man bent down

and

fell

.up .

he

:“

The man said

re

.”

a

-

li ,

-

châté akò

cord

aux champs

aim

[? ]

You

0

tiré

pou

:

prâ

épi

bésé

aim don aiming

Don

' ' re t

"

o -a -t -a ; -

",

Msié

-a

zwazo

joli

li

, -ap

-

-

bétizé

tôbé

-

Ti

râmasé

li .

zwazo

ti é

“ W

Msié

-a di :

kòdô

châ

m

piga vizé

apé vizé

-

vizé

w

,

Piga vizé

." Sé -

“

:

sing

AMERICAN

182

- m , pa - râmasé - m o -châ ;

“ Pa râmasé

Sé-râmasé joli o -kòdô . ”

w - ap

Msié di : “ trâpé

up aux champs;

nâ -kwizin

li mété nâ -chodiè sou ti zwazo pral fri, li prâ

li épi

O -momâ

:

a cord . ”

on

me

pick

me up ; I'd

You 're picking

m - a -t -a -

épi li râmasé , li plîmê li,

W -ap - râsé ”

me up , don ' t

'

" Don t pick

beau

be

The man said : “ You ' re joking , ” and he picked up the little critter . He

went into the kitchen , he plucked it , he soaked it and then he put [ it ] into kettle on the fire . At the moment the little bird was going to fry , it began

châté :

me

don

,

Don

' ; ' re t

"

-

;

châ

o

,

fri -m

fri -m

piga

't

:

to sing " Piga

fry

a

fry

li

- râmasé - m

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

The little bird began to sing again

tiful

ti-bèt- la . Li âtré difé .

ANTAROPOLOGICAL

me aux

be

d

I'

't

don you

with

? ”

I

if

!

!

do oh

to

I

,

am

“

:

Oh

the little bird had been cooked came

The little

don

't

,

Don dress aux champs

me

sing again me

to

dress

't : it.

to

,

When

dress

be

I'

d

,

re

.”

"

eat

to

m

going

I'

:

said

saying not dress you put And then he the little bird into plate The little bird started sing to

: .

to

a

."

you

re

you

,

.”

li

Ti - ou

.

beautiful

cord

The man

-

-

nâ

:

dressing me

'

Sé

"

di

ti -ap

w

,

ou

di :

mâjé mwê pral mâjé Épi piga drésé mété zwazo asièt zwazo prâ châté âkò Msié

You on a

.”

-

o

kòdô

'

-a -t -a -

m

-m

drésé

joli

ap

-

w

drésé

-

Sé -

;

“

;

mo châ -

-

,

m

-

“

piga drésé

;

.”

The man said fry you what

bird started Piga drésé

beautiful

cord

the man

châté âkò

me

frying

You on

Ti -

fin sa

,

li .

!

-

drésé

-a

zwazo

: li

-a

ou

pa -ti -

si

ou o ! ? ” -m

msié vini pou

zwazo

fri

Lè

avèk prâ

,

kwit

fè

m -

“ O

di :

Msié pou

ki

kòdo

a

oli

0

-a -t -a -j

m

m

w

.” Sé fri

-ap fri -

champs

eat me don

eat me aux be

d

I'

beautiful

.”

,

Then

to

]

His

(

.

mouth

he all

tell

birds

eaten his

be

,

“

to in

.” all

:

put the critter

,

birds are made

are you

if

)

“

!

:

's

;

I '

it s

[o

.

your business told you not

He said What me there mother

ou la

ing

.

kill

nô

-

,

'

's

singing there you eat that bird

pên

di -

me

The little man mother said Oh not rdinary singing the bird

that

A

nâ , -

a

on

ap té - di - di

-

eating

cord

is

-

!

,

la a

w

.”

bô

sé -

,

kouté

Mwê

“

-m di li :

.”

pa

- li .

-

tout zwazo fèt mété bèt

zwazo

Épi

Mâmâ

vlé

Sa

sa

di : a. “

”

, li .

-t

,

bouch ou

-

a

ou

-

pa si la

tout

pou mâjé

pa m ou ou -

sé

“ O

di :

ap -

ti -

nôm

nâ

."

-

o

Mâmâ

châté zwazo châté zafè mâjé zwazo Mwê ouyé Msié mâmâ

You

re

oli

kòdô

it ”

,

-m

w

-a -t -a -j

mâjé

-ap

Sé -

mâjé

m

;

't

,

't

Don champs “

châ

;

majeum

-

piga

o

“

-

,

m

again

Piga maje

.”

,

to

.

.

a

ately

the little bird inside his belly

sing

sit

down

don

't

,

Don

't

"

;

-

“

châ

o

piga chita

,

Piga chita

sit

:

,

started

to

on

(

:

li

châté

very well don want listen Hardly had eating finished the bird belly swelling He when he felt went down chair Immedi his

zwazo

telling you no , you

I 'm

:“

said

he

-

prâ

mother

sit

sâti vật li you chèz

nâ - .

,

alé chita

ti -

Toutswit vật

li

sou

Li

-a

ap -môté .

183

't

-a,

msié fini mâjé zwazo

CREOLE

to ]

HAITIAN

HALL )

down

,

got

aux

stand

't

“

don

:

he

was continually

and stood because swelling The little bird began stand

up

he

a

He felt uncomfortable

Don

be

I

,

.”

would

cord

,

-a

;

down

' ; 't . re

Ti châ

-

o

,

piga kape

sitting on

'

a -t -a -

,

li

.

-ap

zwazo

:

li

lévé kâpé

,

li

êkomodé môté toujou

Piga kape

“

You

beautiful

Msié sâti paské prâ

re

joli

m

-

w

apé chita

."

-

o

chita kòdô

-

Sé -

;

au aux champs

on

be

d

he

; up ,

he

but

up

he

he

of

In

stood

stood

told

a

brought

on

you who

s

said

It '

mat the mother

“

him

to

out mat for While she was stretching out the stretch

:

-

môté

his mother

, it

eh

,

eh

lie

don

't

down

,

't

Don

lie

:

"

;

châ

-

o

,

Piga kouché pîga kouché

;

on

”

].

,

[i

.e .

looked for this yourself He lay down his belly kept swelling the little bird said

down

aux aux champs

be

d

I'

,

."

, !

,

.

it

he

his

,

't

't

.

it on

If

hadn disobeyed mother wouldn have died like that

.]

a

,

I'

m

do

. “

a

cow

,

ap

-

with

:

la :

-

bull who was making One day the bull you said the cow But why that because have children like There was

children

to

pitit

vach

k

ti -

burst boom And the little bird out alive went and perched the same palm tree

came

he

ki t kô - di sa -ap vs , fè .

,

jou

toro

Son

pitit paské âpil moun fè

ou

You

sa

li

.

:

mwê bouké

you toro

gê

ki . té -

gê

(

Mê pou

-

“

sa

-

Bull and Calf Father

Vwala you vach

-

ak

.

24

-t a -

mouri kô

ni ,

-pa té -

li

Si pa

dézobéi mâmâ

,

re

'

on

.

li li

-

la

-a

. vi ,

,

ti -

E

-

.

lying down You beautiful string the His belly swelled and swelled until

-a -t -a

m

-

,

môté jiskaské

Vât msié môté

pété boum zwazo sòti alé pozé sou mêm pié palmis

â

-

."

o

kouché

W

kouché kòdô

joli

-ap

Sé -

;

“

beautiful

."

chèché

felt worse when

, .

tân

-ap li

té ap -

vật

li

di

, é ,

, di : é

,

ti -

”

ki

ou

Sé

-

“

-

li . di :

li

,

li

lè

sa .

,

mâmâ

Msié kouché toujou zwazo

pi

mê

msié mâmâ mâmâ tân

,

li

sa

kâpé

nat

la

I'

a t-a -

,

.”

Malgré

êdispozé kâpé you nat pou Pâdâ -

standing You the string spite that

,

joli

m

ap

âpé

-k

-

w

kâpé

kòdô

-

o

Sé

champs

, me it ' .”

s

“

:

I

“

:

s

it '

,

ll

I'

"

“

:

.”

'd

,

If

to

I

.”

:

, ,

“

:

.

few if

; .”

A

m

.

it ”

I'

I' ll ,

,

]

(

it . ”

if

ll

a

,

.

to

I'

,

; I ,

,

.

“

;

if

]

[

he

,

your

growing

on

.”

a

:

:

't

ve

I'

]

[

with

answered

cow

sees you

to

see

a

,

I'

ll

:

,

over

,

nothing

,

bull said Ah that little tree immediately but first

little

The

over your

you

“

ll

father

that

knock

take

I'

it

,

turn

's

,

when you

;

little tree over there

“

.

:

A

.”

few

,

kill you because that was why days later the went away little bull was still asking for his father The cow said There

me my father

name The cow Your father called Hardly had the cow Goume Alabé said this when the little bull rushed is

“

in

few

started

take

him

to

it

on he

his

'

re

.

,

, to

can

rear The my child you

take you see later the pester again days

to

I A

.”

your father little bull the cow

if

see

could knock

to

You

;

“

said

see

fell over

,

;

the tree

't

at

to

.

)

.”

:

answered

.”

's

tell

too immature

li -a -pa

The

keep

child

(

li

My

nwi ,

ever born

aren

father

father went away and

ou

-a

-

kâ

"

children

cow

ké

a

but

out

.”

li . ou

ou

“

ap di :

-

-pa

, li

ou . sé -

Ti -

-

chè

little bull she called Minant One day Mother since little bull said was born never known my father

You

toro

pié bwa

-

sou

Mô

la ."

-a di :“

la -a

ti -

tèl fòs

rékômâsé

that child

the

down

tôbé

-

-a

-

bôdi

.

la

,

toro âkò Vach mê pié bwa

ak m - ,

-

bétizé

rété

mênê

m

"

la

-

di :

.

pasé

vach

mênê bwa

sou

souké mê

Sépou

krazé pié bwa ané

fôsé

-a -a - ou ,

Pié bwa

Vach

m

-

Ti -

toro

-a

âkò

jété

-l

kou

-a

bwa

wè

li .”

ou

pié

ou

.

-

la

-

la

li

.

ti -

ou ”

,

ròròt papa

well leave you

damn

comes before kill Then the bull left he never came back the cow Mean while the cow gave birth she had

me

it

la

-

-

,

“

-pa

trò

,

Ou wè pitit mwê kapab mênê mwê wê jou apré Kèk toro pou rékômâsé nwi vach mênê wè Goumê Alabé Vach Mê Vach

said

because

: he

di

“

:

-

A

-

bollda

sou

bull

's

la

- a

w

lò

,

la

.” -

tôbé

-

jété

pên vach

fosé sou pié bwa pou

li, li

-a

ka di : -

wè

ba

la

,

li

A

sé -

ti -

ou

di : -a ti “ .”

sa

toro

- l , la - ti : -

Goumê Alabé

si -

ou

di

rélé

who

children

The cow an the Lord who

The bull said Well you have another days later the cow kill became pregnant The bull said thought told you not have another child The cow answered that way we better separate The

“

-a ou ap , .” a- di : - sa si

,

sé -

,

ti -

- .

li

-

,

- -1 a

Ti -

m

“

pié bwa mênê wè papa âyê pié bwa toro mwê pralé jété talè mê avâ mwê répôn Papa nô papa mwê Vach you

dear

tired

ll

-

:

ou

,

-

.” -l

-

ou ,

ap

,

ou

li

té

li

Mê

chaviré

My

lot of

gives children

he he '

-a

.”

-

fè pa

"

,

jâm

Pitit

grâdi toujou papa sové touyé paské pou wè pati Kèk jou apré toro toujou Vach mâdé pou papa

mwê

are

.” di

té -

:

, . -la ”

li

bò

li

,

.

,

la

mwê

fèt

répôn

-

.”

-

-ap

-

m

lòt -

,

ou

-

-

li

“

-

sâ

Vach

si

ki

Die

,

té ap

-

la

-

di : li

-a

Mâmâ dépimwê

papa

you

jou

kônê papa mwê pitit

jâm

Épi

vach

kouché Minâ You

a

li

,

ti -

toro fèt

rélé

répôn Toro

paské

vré

touyé

toûnê

jâm

vach

tâ

-

toro

m

-pa m

-

fout kité

,

toro pati

pa

biê

jou

“ M

ap

,

sa

-

sa

dévâ

“ M

“

pitit Ātré

kwè mwè

eating with

swered

vini me

vach

pitit âkò Vach pito nou séparé

sé

di : Si

ou

- -pa kô fè -

.

Toro

mwệ

mêm

âkò

apré

.” -

plên

Kèlké

di :

li .”

touyé

you

of having a

tired

pitit

bay

mwc

fè

;

-

ou “ É

si di :

Toro

fatigé

:

répôn

Vach - la

la

avèk mwê. ” Mô-chè , sé- Bổ-

ti -

mâjé “

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

.

AMERICAN

184

see

Goumê

it, I' ll

:

said You you crush the year take you

The

; .

take

,

cow

.

it '

tree

to

:

li

didn fall stay have

ll

,

papa

prâ châté

the

“ There s

The little bull rushed The tree shook but

the tree again

't

.

-ayé

al

-a

koté

-a

rivé

pré

toro

'

:

said

cow

you overthrow

“

you to see

it at

yo tou - lé chèché Goumê Alabé

Lè

tree ; when

mové âpil. ” Épi

ou

pati

, mê

Alabé . The

sôjé

bò

ti - dé

ké papa

, pitit

" É -biệ

n -ap -pati

.”

di:

Vach - la mwê , préparé ou ,

185

s

krazé li.

CREOLE

him

HAITIAN

HALL ]

when

A

to

cow

,

's

;

“

:

.

the

't

,

.”

]

; [

I'

that the little bull began again My pester The cow said dear don bother me there the tree passed

The little bull bounded with force against the tree that crushed The cow said Well my

he

.”

there

,

:

is

,

to

to

his

:

at

he

!

.

!

oh

!

-

,

:

to

? ”

no

himself

one ever named

this

is

.

this

he

!"

he

,

[

am

here

name What

said

another

the little bull was ready where father was the big bull heard the same song Anger seized bounded the little bull fight with him and then he started

, .

to

,

,

at

him

.

,

his

at ,

to

as

minute arrive

he

-

-

wi . . . ” li

pi

rèd

I

“

li

pa

sa ? ”

té

sou

du .

mê

di

té ,

so

-a

-

té

wè

vini

-

la

-

ap ap

sa

mwê

Since

and

]

!

bôdi

the big bull heard

When jumped

prémy

tâdé

toro

goûmê avèk

batay

,

, , ,

“

! o

-

!" gro

li, li

prâ

prâ

Mê

,

, -a -â-

la

,

-a

li .

épi-a

di :

pli

“

-

,

ti -

Dé liz

Ti - -p

Kòlè

bagay

toro

,

bò

châté

toro

Vach

Ki

ti -

.

nômê mwê You lòt momâ kòm rivé koté papa jâm

mêm

li

,

sa

Dépi mwê isit moun nô

"

:

li -

â

tâdé

toro

the place sing

Minant Goumê Alabé Minant Goumê Alabé Minant Goumê Alabé Minant Goumê Alabé

Goumê Alabé

, , ,

Lè

gro

mêm

began

little bull

the

.

father was

,

arrived

!

,

"

Minâ

Minâ Goumê Alabé Minâ Goume Alabé Minâ Goumê Alabé

'll

Goumê Alabé When

for

was nearly

In

.”

nasty

set

mind

in

we leave but keep very that your father Then they both out look

get ready

;

,

child

“

it .

such

kasé lòt kòn papa

his father horns The big bull Damn and then rushed

I

"

:

,

.

.”

. of

,

he

:

on

's

broke his father

a

in

.

,

struggle

he

-

.”

di ,

-

té

-

!"

terrible

ap

Dié vlé

t-

kasé Ou wè

ou

.

he

.

said

bô

's

la

-

Here

,

li

-

Ti -

.

a

li

,

”

É

li

-pa

séparé

me pitit

said

More and more

the little bull with greater rage The little bull kept resisting and then

biê

ou

-

kòn

sé -

moun vlé

,

Sa

:

li

li,

dé

,

mwê mênê ba touyé vwala

ou a

-

é

li di

-

,

, : a. nâ " -y ou

Vach

cow

indeed

“

l-

“

di :

-a

ti -

ti -

.

li

ou yo ,

gro toro

The

is

what saw the battle became harder The little bull was wounded but was fighting hard Finally the little bull broke one

blésé

-

goûmê toro kasé you kòn papa épi Gro toro Tonè fôsé plis raj sou toro avèk toro ou boulvari rézisté toujou épi toro Finalmâ

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

. The

other horn

separated

cow

him

you ' d

but

said

are your

What

there

two horns broken

You

see

person

not that which the

'

,

wishes

it s

, . (

]

kill

here is

you , you

I've brought

your child

,

them

: “ Well ,

and said to the big bull

a

Gro toro rôt , mê pitit - la alé âbrasé li.

it :

AMERICAN

186

The big bull was but the little one went and

.”

good Lord wishes

,

ashamed

embraced

Mâjé

.

him

Hawk Came

How

Eat Chicken

.

Vini

Malfini

To

25 . .

Koumâ

Poul

in to

a

, ,

him

he

's ,

house

finding

never succeeded Sun had always

because

already and was very high the heavens thus Hawk didn suc arriving where Sun was Hawk ceed

he

.

in

't

,

;

in

risen

at

sleep

used

eat

he

point that

the

,

to of

As

. ]

a

to he

[

was discouraged and believed that would never collect that time very good friend was Chicken and

the same place with

to

If :

!

I

of

.

up ”

up ”

.

gotten

well

my

Rooster

his

,

,

is

“

:

where the sun

And the next day

his first song Hawk took flight When arrived found Sun glass with water washing his eyes was

so

he

Hawk

as .

he

,

he

saw

,

When Sun

of

a

.

,

gave

the morn give my

me

just

'll

.”

friend

said

end get

Well

)

go

,

first song you can you find him

It

(

in

early the small hours ing and when you hear

hawk

never

“

:

said

,

s a

and which would

Brother Rooster

The

wish

have me collect that debt which would owe

as

it '

,

money

if

'

were

you

me

I

you

Hawk answered

.”

you

re

Oh

,

if

you wish telling

collect

I'

:

“

ll

.

he

,

in

Brother Rooster he told Brother Rooster the troubles was having with Sun Brother Rooster said have you

,

-

,

sa

.”

isit

di :

sa ? ”

-

kô

ou

ou

ki di

-a -j

,

m

-

sé

Sun

"

nâ

, lè

li -

.” , - -

:

ki

di

? ”

, !

“ O

fè

.

ou

,

-

-a

di :

kômâ

li

Solèy

mal mwê gras

mwê lévé bònè kou wên châté kôpè kòk mèg Malfini

ou “ fè A

tâdé

.” .”

-

di ké li . -vè - la

li

,

li

ap

li

li, li ,

nâ

“

:

-

a

kôpè kòk

mwê -

-

ou

di :

ou

-

é

li ,

,

jwên rivé lavé zié Lè

-

dlo

wè malfini sézi tèlmâ mê krazé Solèy Kôpè kòmâ jwen fini isit jodi Malfini répôn solèy

é

m

-

a

t-

-

.”

ti -

-

-ap

-

Sé

Lè

vol

li .

ak

you

vè

-a

prâ

solèy

-

malfini

w

kou

tôbé

ké

si -

fè

-

-

di : ,

démê

kou tâdé

Once Sun owed Hawk little some thing but every time Hawk went

is

alé

li, ou

.

mwê

mèt alé jwên fèk lévé kôpè mwê biê kok bay premie cha

“

“

,

solèy

Malfini -

vlé

si -

di

ap

-

O

ou t- :“ a

! -tpa sé Si a

Bô lévé bònè grâ matê mwê bay prémié châ mwê

E

o

.

,

-p

o

ou

fè

touché

mwê touché lajâ you dèt ké mwê dwé jâm fini Kôpè kòk

vlé

é

-

.

-ap

-

bô

-

li

,

- ap ap -

l-

- sa ap ki -a, -

Malfini répôn

koté

avèk

rakôté kôpè kòk tribi solèy Kôpè kòk

pasé avèk

“ M

di :

wê zâmi poul dòmi mêm koté

é

sa té li

lasið

paské

jâmè touché Kòm

trè kônê mâjé

kôpè kòk

tré

-pa é-

sa

-

p

té - ké li

kwé

lévé

malfini foutu rivé yé Malfini dékourajé

la

solèy

réisi jwên déja

-

;

-

la

kô

toujou

solèy

sièl koté

chak

pajâm

li

solèy

mê

w

, ,

krazé

dwé malfini you kay fwa malfini té

You fwa solèy

HAITIAN CREOLE

Dé- fwa mwê t -a - fè

“

malfini : “

hands

pa -mâjé

Hawk

ou

sa

yo ? ” Malfini répôn : “ Kôpè solèy , ou pa -rêmê mwê, kalité difé ki nâ -tèt kòk

grif mwè

li pou

:

“

,

Friend

me here today ? " swered : " Oh ! thanks

to

Rooster who told me

an

Hawk

find

I

to

do

did you

how

his

said

Brother

to

get up early

to

mwê boulé .” di : “ Ala sòt ou ouj tèt poul rouj sépa difé sòt yé Malfini solèy Mô chè

when

bâ

la -dâ

and ] shattered . Sun

Rooster who told you that

mwê lajâ mwê pou

, di

ou t - a - vlé kolé

glass fell from

tonished that the

k - ap - dòmi é -ap -

ou , pou - ki

mâjé avèk

Solèy di

gra ?”

É - tout poul

187

him

HALL ]

come you are thin Hawk said Perhaps should fat Sun told

would

'

:

;

and how

all

? ”

be

?

"

so

find

Brother

it s

, I

Ah ,

“

:

.”

I

“

? ”

,

:

to on

love

't

,

you don

of

“

:

is

said

so

If

Hawk

:

“

said

to

Sun

My dear

“

:

give me my money

can

I

is

to

.”

.”go

,

fellow

Sun

s

Hawk

stu

,

's

only red

“

:

You sure are

head

.”

Sun said

it '

it

to

's

,

;

go

not fire

you be

, of I

in

't

it

; if

's

isn

go

]

[

's

,

lieve Chicken head has fire leave the money and sink your claws into Rooster head fire give you all the chickens place to

re if

'

I'

to ll

very fast join flew When he arrived

Hawk

.

,

the chickens

he

it .”

to

the

'

,

I

,

the money owe you and the chick ens heads are fire you come money and back and get add

,

.

to

play with Brother Rooster started While playing Hawk sank his claws

,

ate all

true and Immediately

he

:

to

Rooster

, "

said

is

Sun

he found Roost Hawk said himself

head

.

What

Brother

cold

;

's

Rooster head

.

into s

:

on

!"

,

!

,

,

them

to

hide and called Pardon Hawk Pardon Hawk Despite that Hawk kept eating the chickens ran

.

.

ap

Brother Sun

Chicken

,

solèy

kôtinié

-

sa

malfini

Sun said

,

And the chickens that are and eating with you why you eat them Hawk an

burned pid

,

li

Sa

“

tèt kòk

sing

the kind fire which Rooster head you would wish me get sink my claws into for me

er '

.yo

âjé

't

li si

yo

,

swered

, sé

, , " “

-

sé

:

té -

-

é

.” -ap

ap

-m

Malgré

don

me

épi mâjé kôpè kòk vré poul Imédiatmâ tout kouri kaché rélé Padô malfini padô mal

fini

sleeping

vit

,

li

li ,

jwên

Hawk

lajâ

prâ rivé jwèt malfini

li :

kè

volé

"

gê

,

-

ou

-

é

,

ou

li .

li nâ -

di

-

,

nâ

.

-

Malfini

di .

frèt

Lè

kôpè kòk Jwèt tèt kòk

li

jwé

kolé grif

prâ

Malfini

.yo ”

poul

alé jwen ak

vit

sou

-

é m

ajouté

tèt poul

vini

rétoûnê

-a -

difé

w

- sé -a - ,

pou lajâ mwê dwé

si

,

-pa

l-

ou

nâ

ou

"

:

malfini kwè tèt poul difé kité lajâ alé kolé grif tèt kòk difé mwê rémèt tout poul

“

.”

Solèy

heard

you here

“

alé

-m - :

“

,

,

Si

."

di

,

sé -r

Solèy

,

.

's

a

+

.

on a

“

it '

.

s

,

”

;

.

,

of

in

go

!'

all

is

to

if

,

, 's

in

of ,

;

or

,

on

of

of

-

-

in

a

on

lit

,

, ,

of

,

;

C

six

,

by

.

,

head

;

clap their hands

The grabs

.

person two arms his hands He pulls him

to a

.

want

to

loa

they

the child whom go

sitting position

grên

;

chak

the

the

in

's

the dead

into the head

of ,

[

and

]

the bed

,

hounsi climbs

the dead

creak

to

bed begins on

's

persons

, ,

, it

times over the During this time present get possessed

's ,

,

those sing

palms

,

go

( #

,

,

to

of

.

five

of

krenare grad naie

Ur

read

the

cock

the

-

of a

,

is

in

,

makes the rounds with They wave the rooster back and forth two

, 3 ,' 44 ,, 55 , 6 n, ki i

roroli

loas

four

,

sa

,

la

yo

yo

,

-

-a

O

pwa

hand

the hounsi they wave

2

grên

, dé -

mai

,

kalité

grên

.

li , li a ,

dé

-a

lâ

, -

,

lè

-

â

pôgnê

you

a

, , a, ,

-

,

tâ

.

lâ

-

,

- -a. -a. li ” sâ

li,

ki

viv

gâgnê tout kalité

ti -

kwi

raché

, ,

li

-a

li

,

,

la

Ai

-

yo

,

la

-

"

là

you

-

lâ

li

,

poul

bobo lwa sito lwa tèt pitit mò Yo tòdié kou plîmê dékapé mété

yo -

-

:

â

kriâ râtré

syrup candles the bottles taffia and other things After they have finished sprinkling water clapping their hands Pit tecinde singing the loa they all around around the bed the dead person the child there

dead person

brizé pòt vésèl voyé twa fwa

krazé kêbé poul

châm

Then

grasps the loa enter the head his hand black and white white cock the ground front the bed they arrange top fine white napkin

three

- li

,

Li -la là

la

, -

mété kouri

one

there hochild t hey the child want have

tout

,

-a

li .

-

yo

-

-

la

volé

and the dead man

a

li

,

-

yo

,

Yo la ,

-

, .

-a

,

dé

.

fè

yo

.

-a

ak

-a

-ap

lâ

-

,

ké - lâ

-a , a li

fè

poul

because

arranged

cock

asistâs môté lwa châté bat mê kâbân mò prâ kraké Voup oûsi môté sou kabân kêbé bra pla mò mê mété chita pitit vlé lwa râtré tèt frapé poul twa fwa tèt mò kâpé sou tèt mò lagé poul

line

baldequin

the with two fine lace cur tains around The kounsi makes TRAV everybody the house out Only he and some little acolytes his bed

head

sêk

tặey

After

him

canopy

.

a

òt ,

tèt

li,

-a

fè

,

sou

tout

kòk pasé

Loa

Person Who Died B

with embroidered head great big bed with

on

la

-

li

yo

tè lâ -

,

vlé

Out

bed which they often call

it

,

-

lâ

ak ou

pitit

oûsi twa kat mò Pâdâ

tou répasé

yo

la

-

sis

châté lwa

,

,

kabân mò

tou

-

bat mê

,

dlo

-

é

,

fin

jété

a

mê

yo

gê

ro

-

â

boutèy

lamê kòk fwa

kebé

blâch dévâ râjé you bèl sèvièt blâch dlo siro bouji limê sou tèt tafia choz Apré ké

li la

kabân

Alò pitit

li - . a

-

you gro kòk zêga

the Head

The person has died have finished installing

all

”

-

fè

l--

tèt

lâ

râtré

-a

lwa

gâgnê

si

pitit mò

-

é

-

o

li - a

. . li

ak -dé

-

é

ak

you grâ gro kabân kònicho arâjé bân bèl rido dâtèl tout kay Oûsi tout moun sòti Sèl mêm kèk piti fèy

Taking

for

is

yo

-

la

ké

li

,

ké

paské

brodé

-

souvâ

ka - sé

tèt

"

:

-

badlékê

fini

Ceremony From

. .

-

â

-

sou nâ

-

li

bèl kabân

Tèt

yo

.

.

dé

Lwa

Wété

Moun Mouri Déò Moun mouri Apré

tout

;

's

,

's

-b

6 .3

Vaudoun Text

Sérémoni

rélé

have given

Sun secret Sun wouldn away Chicken secret

.

a

t-

solèy

74

That 's why a person shouldn 't ever give away another person secrets given away because Rooster hadn

't 't

bay sekrè solèy kòk ay sekrè poul

-pa

sé -

-pa té -

,

lèt

Sé - pou -tèt sa , you moun pa -dwé jâmê bay sékrè you moun paské

êstalé

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

if

AMERICAN

188

dead

the chicken

strikes

three times on the

; he lets go , the chicken flies up , he starts to run all around the room , smashing , breaking pots [and ] ves sels ; they grab the chicken [and ] they into the air three times yell of the dead person

head

Immediately

.

bobo

a ”

loa

“

ing

,

the chicken

let

mâjé âvâ âtèmâ - â .

189

Ai go

pistach , grên kafé , pimâ pwav avèk dlo plat marasa kay - la . Yo fè you mâjé yo rélé diak ké- tout pitit yo

CREOLE

it

HAITIAN

HALL )

of

foods

of

beans coffee

,

,

of

a

,

bit

of

all

of

a

a

of ,

a

,

bit

a

of

each kind

roroli

kinds little handful bit corn peanut bit

has

:up

stew which chopped

a

it

;

its

off

.

( it ),

'

,

en s

's

of

the loa goes into the head the dead person They wring the chick child neck they cut head with they put out plucking into

.

.

a

,

Creole following first for the

,

in

is

is

,

the

given

[

his teeth are

say his teeth

but

]

dog

,

Curse

[

the

blach

.

,

di

cha

dâ -1

.

.

,

but

]

Hate the dog white

blâch

say

.

its

explanation

-l

,

chê

dâ

Jouré

di

1a . 1b .

proverb and then for

Rayi

an

of

In

;

explanation given some these the English column translation

in

.

. .

6 4

Proverbs

which

eat before the burial

children

the proverb itself

diak

call

all

food they

,

a

'

of

,

pimiento pepper with water from the twins plate the house They make

.

are white

a

s

.

,

do [ it ] to

I

,

that has

.

that tail doesn

step

't

.

harm

the Lord laughs you

me in

's cow

A

jâbé difé

ké

,

.

there

-pa

gè

ki

Bèf

blow

a

You

do [ for it ] to

,

wê mal

no

ou

Blow

nâ -p ri

bô fè

,

, -

.

Dié

.

.

3

-

nâ

Kou pou kou mwê mwê

sa

Ou

fè

2

.

enemy

he '

,

has done

if

,

person

.

recognize the good your even

You should

fè

ou

énmi

-

sé

si

Ou dwé rékônèt biê you moun mêm

child

shouldn

't

a

A

of

dies under

barrel

woman house

.

a

No matter how small she can always take care

a

li

toujou kapab

of

piti

,

fâm

.

okipé you kay

is ,

.

ant never

a

.

sugar yo

Piti kou

father who has

evil

An

barik

do

.

fè

-

pa

mouri

mal ba

jâm

-

Foumi

dwe

â

-pa

gê

pitit

sik

. 4.

Papa

ki

.

over the fire

his own

person

. .

is

person smooths the sheets When you have person devoted you your own always hides for you everything you which

to

he

a

),

lit .

is

do

(

.

li

.

A

kayé kasé

,

fè ou

sa

toujou ki mal

lèt

. ou pa

gê

ou

-

ou

Lò .

7

Moun pasé dra you moun tout kaché pou

.

to

s

-

palé

mouth silent not everything you see that you have talk about see

It '

wè pou

ou

Eyes

ou

,

wè bouch tout bagay

.

,

moun a

,

its

ak -

vini

rivé

.pé

- Jé

.

. Sé -

pa

6

l

Each current carries own gravel Everybody who arrives comes with

poté gravié -1.

ki

5. Chak kourâ Chak moun pa - .

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

, of

AMERICAN

190

. ]

(

,

is

,

.

s

,

his

, .

's '[s

that

).

( lit .

but

back

lie ) ,

person

when both meet there give can still hold do

, it

be

a

to

If

.

Ambition killed the rat you want thing which sur may passes your ability harmful for you Although the mouth eats food

li .

be

.

,

all

]

the back

doesn

't

pa

should

repeated

Behind

mèt

di

do

Dèyè

't

said

.

épété

speak all words Not everything you hear

doesn

or

-

tâdé pou palé

.

-r

.

13

ou

-pa

tout bagay

pou

-

ou

Sé -

.

it

palé tout paròl

[

-

pa

.

,

12

Bouch mâjé tout mâjé

li

.

.

-

dépasé

ou

ki

.

fè

vlé

li

ou ou ,

.

11

Abisyo touyé rat you bagay kapab mal pou mézi

't .

isn

a

true behind

no

]

four eyes meet lying stops thing which say

can

a

kôtré

a

to

-b

You

-

pa

[

When

pré

.

lò

dé

ki .

,

-

nâ

ki , di

.

jé

10

Kat kôtré mâti kaba you bagay Ou kapab dèyè you moun mê tou pwê mâti pou ay âkò

ap

You shouldn look under the pearance judge man

't

-

ou

. -

-

pa

pou

jijé you nòm

Si -

you

.

't

's

A

ki

you

man

it ' for

turns out badly affairs aren small trouser legs which are tight thing

-l

,

't

laparâs pou

sòti

do

ou

jâm

sou

tou

fè

sa

,

sé -

gadé

ou

kâsô

-ppa

.

Afè nèg

Sé -

.

-

pou

.jis 9

iti

rêmê

-

yo

Lò mal

ou pa

.

]

,

.

,

.

[

lèt kayé kasé tèt

Jou malè

ou

8b

.

tèt

bad luck after you even clabbered milk will break your head On the day misfortune even clabbered milk will break your head When they don like you every When

of

,

ou

ou

.

8a

Lò

.

bad dévên dèyè

tell his

of

in

. an

,

an

.

vantage they offer

.

. you

him

prâ

your

fool who gives imbecile who doesn take man should always take ad

't

toujou

front

A

dwè

li .

ba

avâtaj

yo

You moun

on

s

what goes

eyes that you can see

prâ

-

pa

,

bay ebésil

ki

ki

.

14

Sòt

It '

kapab

A

-

ké

.

wè

ou

ou

pasé dévâ

jé

ki

sa

-

Sé

.

master

15

CREOLE

Jadê lwê, gôbo du .

.

191

[ If ] the garden

,

the okra

't

,

you have your garden When away your food doesn get wasted so

donkey has children that his back may rest When mother has her child the

gê

child exists

order

all

pitit - la

to

li,

mâmâ fè pitit li tout tâ .

in

ou

a

Lò

pou - l -sèvi

,

.

A

Lò ou gé jadê ou ki lwê, mâjé ou pa - gaspiyé. 16. Bourik fè pitit pou -do -l pozé .

distant

is

.

is hard

. far -

HAITIAN

HALL ]

serve her

the

]

dog but listen [

Beat

a

.

,

mèt

.

táo

Bat chê

li

18

.

,

do

(

;

.

)

.

Illness ruins the strong man When you are health you can everything when you are sick you stay still and watch people acting in

lò

,

ap

rété gadé moun

fè

-

fè

sâté

â

ou

malad

tout bagay

-

ou

Lò

ou

.

Maladi gaté vâyâ ou

.

17

.

time

for his

mas

frizé

cuckoo never begets

owl

to

as

,

of

.

-

-

pou chwal

dig

but

you

.

it

,

't

isn

how

to

's

to

know

deep

The donkey works that the horse can be decorated with lace Ordinarily the person who has done thing the most work succeed

;

,

of

his always

The child who asks for hot okra you give him the palm his hand tight road you catch

is

of

, .

a

in

afraid

sees cold

scalded

water

and

is in

cat has been

hot water he

)

wè

(

,

-

dlo cho

li

.

a

a

in

tricky horse When

of ) it , a .

.

nâ

chodé li

pè

li

.

28

Chat

dlo frèt

s

kêbé

It '

jènê

chwal malê

[

chémê

ou

Sé . nâ -

.

27

.

.

-n

it

,

The stick which beats

,

ti ou

sé li

,

Ti -

mê

black dog the one which beats the white dog too

"

mâdé gôbo cho

moun

pla

-

ba

tou

ki .

li 26 . lâ

-

a

.

Batô

bat che bla

bat chê nwa

ki

25

.

.

the enjoyment another who

has

troubles benefits

in a

to

never

'

gê

jâm

pou oujou

it s

-

sé

you lòt

plis travay -pa

bagay

-t

-

li,

pèn

bénéfisié

you

ki ,

nâ

-

jwisâs

moun

fè

òdinèmâ pou réisi

ki

.

.

lonê

hole

so

ga

travay

.

liar

have

.

.

[? ]

'

kôn

A

ou

fò

,

fô

mê

-l

24

a

-

mâjé biệ

jâm

-

-pa

23 .

Trou mâtò

Bourik

not

cow without tail the Lord can brush away the flies for her The children the earth never eat things others A

ka

BÔ

-

pousé

-

latè pa

-

. .

22

Ti moun

dotwi fouyé

Dié

li .

pou

mouch

ké

,

sâ

. 21 .

Bèf

thirteen

fourteen

so

Walk crush

.

ilé

tòz

on

ka -

-p

-

sou trèz pou

-

.

20

Maché

pa

.

.

screech

a

jâm

fè

.

Koukou

A

-pa

19

.

ter

go

's

74

house

Paul

wash

.

Little

an

.

earth

house

.

tè

Dandin

the height lot trouble

know

to

traka pou - lavé kay

Ala

to of to

.

You have A

30

pou -kòn

Dâdê

to

29 . Sé-pou - al ka lôgè ti- Pòl.

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

of

AMERICAN

192

li rété .

chicken

dear

.

scratched

and

found the bones

that

when

's

;

[

,

scratched and grandmother his

wit

is

,

is [? ]

bad

little

The

. 's

,

jwên

beard catches

soak

to

fire set yours Knowledge

he of

li , sé - lè-a

zo grân

your comrade

When

he

Lò bab kâmarad prâ difé , mété

.

]

31

pa ou a- latrâp . | 32. Kênê mal lèspri chè , 33 . Ti -poul graté , li graté , li

in

a

made

him

it .

a

't

its

]

(

a

a

[i

,

catches rat day comes

.e . .

a

goes

.

,

it

so

it

't

turn will come eventually little pustule the road ulcer Big idea little memory

your

.

the

in

Antoine

bear

for

to

never too hard

its owner

go

I

,

to

I'

come

),

pull

a

to

.

ve

[

't cow

,

.

's

.

Not

]

is

he

.

, .

's

of be

in

dòmi

A

jâm

-pa .

gê

li

-pa

pột chê

.

dévà

,

. .

.

-

50 49

Mâjé kwit mèt Makak sou mê

gum tree stick better than empty hands Cooked food has no master monkey may drunk but sleeps never front the dog door A

.

Batô gômié miyò pasé mê vid

.

48

.

(

,

for

.

't

”

to

have doesn taste good you What look and what the Lord gives you are two different things "

Bô Dié

ba

.

"

gou

sa

pa

ak - gê

.

chaché

my

didn come count the calves Before the donkey ears had sores the flies were alive to

pa

-

,

-

té

gê

.

vo

Pa -

té

“

.

Sa

. sé -

malêg

dé .

47 46

gêgnê

ou

.

45

Avâ zorèy bourik viv

mouch

ou ,

,

-

.

kôté

vin

mwê

of

.

.

fô

.

mad vach mwê vin tiré

isn a

-pa

pou chê

-

-

jâm

You are colibri kind bird your hole deep dog never too late for

's . Its' 't It

trò

,

ou

sé -

pa

trou

ta

Ou

Li Sé

.

44

42 . 43 ârajé

kolibri

!

an

to

is

,

you see

.

't

sore

is

-

see

tree doesn

A

jâm

trò sâti pou mèt

for

I

What -

nâ -

.

ou

-

Âtwan

li.

41 .

wè Malêg

pou

gum

li .

gômié

-pa

-pa

Sa

. .

mwê wè

,

mémwa

,

Gro lidé

ti -

40 39

.

.

A

chémê malêg

-

,

.

boutô

sé

Ti -

38

).

.

,

the way day

A

va

.

jou viê

back

sore

lick

sore behind head cat ordinarily walks a

isn

.

37

Jou

dog

can

Lord knows what dog

The way

li

sa

kô -

-pa

sé -

,

kêbé rat

a

.

give

.

.

Jâ

36

chat maché

head

The

li

.

fè

Bô -

-l -

ki -l

,

li

35

•

malêg dèyè tèt

The Lord gives its

Bô -Dié bay chê malêg dèyè ap niché bay chê Dié kênê

of

.

pou

-kpa

34

tèt

.

stopped

,

on

.

of

?

,

to

go

be

it

on

people

.

-

in

its

be

,

to

.

a

of

.

at

on

to

. 't

,

it

hungry belly has giraumon doesn

no

ears

.

A

.

seen

The mat maker makes mats sleeps the ground

but

't

cala

A

bear

]

.

cry doesn

't

't

doesn

can

.

chicken

when

she runs

for

(

,

corn

;

)

like

(

grain

a

.

fool the rain of

't

woman

fool the sun

,

house

can

she sees

[

-

to

ruined

is

mai

that

suckle

a

grên

it ].

li

wè

A

but kâ

;

A

li

,

ka

trôpé solèy mê

.

poul

-

sé

Fâm

,

-pa70

71

li

Kay koulé trôpé lapli

kouri

The child need

it

bézwê

on

he

-pa

krié

,

moun

-pa

ki

. ka . . . . -Ti

69 tété

,

.

.

tè

, li

dòmi

-

nat

a

nat

fè

.

Fézè

?

.

't

off

thin dog that the fleas can

on a

it

you

bashes 68

-

-

a

,

a

of

.

.

in

help

s

is

.

put

the sunshine won take when rains

It '

.

dônê kalbas

.

Jouroumou

zòrèy

.

Vât afamé

isn

't

to

. yo

pa -pa -

gê

be

home

The person who tells you salt

wè pis

hurry

make day break

in

lapli

chê mèg

.

in

]

(

-

,

solèy

lâ

sèl

mété

-

-

Sé

sou

too much

Very near

.

di -

ou

pa

wété

lò

édé

-1 ki

ou

-pa

Moun

lakay

big

eat okra

't

A

.

-

doesn

Biê pré

foot

own hole

single finger doesn

Being

louvri

jou

.

Trò présé

mâjé kalalou

pa

dwèt

fè

. .

You

pa

61 62

sèl

stays

in

is

a

of

is

-l

-

.

nâ

trou

it

.

's

of

the same stone snake which wants its

. vlé gro rété

Koulèv

on

fwa

A

-l

-

dé

twice

ki

60 .

frapé pié

mêm roch

chicken

cockroach never right donkey never strikes

A

pa

59 . .

na -

Bourik

you

the

hawk

presence

the

In

gê

-pa

,

jâmé

master house never right

chicken

presence

Douvâ poul ravèt

.

dévâ

A

-

réző

its

l-

lè

gê

pa

li . . .

jâm

malfini

64 . 63 .

tail

dog barks louder when

front

Poul

58b rézô

kay

dévâ

A

pi

fò

57 . .

Chế japé

58a

65 .

.

rubs

knows

kônê

67 . 66 .

is

it

in

't

't

ears

dog

.

a

-

donkey A

moun

li

froté

its

pasé

lôg

's

pi sou

dwé

li

Chê

.

)

.go

,

mê

.

56

A

, .

nâ -

.

-pa

ké

Zòrèy

zòrèy bourik

mèt

Even rotten teeth have force ripe bananas Little pig little blood The parrot doesn war but his feathers longer than Your ears shouldn (

.

-

så

ti -pa -

, ou

.

55

lagè

alé

alé

.

.

kochô

li

plim

gê

.

Ti -

Pérokèt

mi

fòs sou bânân

193

crazy but firebrand may say will never get the way water

it

dlo

-

53 .

Dâ pouri

54

fè

52 . nâ

51. Tizó difé di li fou , mê li pa chémê

CREOLE

jâm

HAITIAN

HALL)

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

its

]

check

a

person

[

]

that his hat

head

.

]

[

s

It '

Beat the animal but

[ .

trouble bites

one loses putting loses hope when

on

in

Every animal he

Tout bèt jènê mòdé . 73 . Sé - lè tèt koupé li pèdi éspwa mété chapo . 74 . Bat bèt- la , vérifié chaj li .

on his

72 .

of

AMERICAN

194

.

load

âtré

nâ

-

s

.

,

you

water that was for you entered into your calabash

that

li

chofé .

ou

person

,

have

What

keep

you

that

was

what you

's

76 . Sa ou séré , sé

have

see

,

to

What you

a

li té - pou -

it .

gegnê ,

wè you moun

gêgnê - n .

he

.

kalbas ou . Sa ou

he '

ki

,

pou -ou

Before you accuse guilty should see if

ki

Sé - dlo

sé -pou wè

s

.

75

,

It '

Avâ ou akizé you moun si li koupab .

,

a

,

low

.

'd

't

he

is

, .

full

full

says all

, in

good

)

no

is

’s

belly

[ lit .

.

is

’s

is

person

a

When

food tastes bad

li .

you find

you take what you find

When the cat belly that the rat bitter

bô

,

-pa

ple

Lò .

vất moun nâ bouch

, .

of

,

,

mâje

ke -

di

li

,

tout

rat

horse

find what you

you don

When

like

.

vật chat ple

's

,

a

-

.

-

in

,

jwên

amè

his

mouth talking sees far He who who listening sees his toes The agronomist gives advice but the peasant who the affair himself he

,

,

in

is

You

know

,

passed

much

how

you don

't

-

.

at

is

.

-1

pa

rété

sees more than him

.

-

is

ap

-

-â

,

ou

.

know

you how

have much

you have left

today

good

It 's

mênê lakay

.

you don

know

to

character that runs the

house

the goat

.

not old dog master asks for the an

person

's ' s

,

old

An plên

( ]If

vié chê Mèt kabrit mâdé kabrit

.

Vié moun

-pa

. .

84 83

.

bèl karaktè

ki

Sé -

82 .

morrow

see

't

You

,

.

kônê dêmê

.

-pa

,

wè jodi

ou

.

81b

Ou

.

kôn kôbê

pasé

.

ou

Ou kôn kôbê

81a

sa k

,

a

.

bay kôsèy mê abitâ mêm wè plis pasé

,

-

bagay

wè lwê

ou

nâ -

ki

Agronom

-

-

wè

pale

zotèy

-

. -

a

kouté

ap la nâ nâ - -

Sa k

80

.

-

.

ll

'

a

)

In

ou

-

a

rêmê

t-

sa

jwên

the absence donkey you travel

a

,

ou ou

Lò ou ou

Lò

.

79

sa

prâ

a “

,

li .

-

-pa

jwên bourik

.

-

Â

.

tout piti

,

nâ

mâkâ chwal voyajé

78 ou

bab

tôbé

nèg

-

Kou -you

jwé

ba

grâ

its

li.

(

Mapou tôbé , kabrit mâjé fèy

.

person What you that you they what do too mapou tree falls the goat When eats leaves big shot falls When all the fry play small his beard ”

y -ap - fè

sé - sa

to

,

.

ou tou 77

moun

do

fè you

ou

Sa

to

.

heat

or

not

be

she must

not afraid

another

of

[

One man

nèg

him

.

back

] is to

pregnant

,

goat

given

.

man

. 't

doesn

)

(

is

who

little too clever

a

man

A

fô

kôn

,

ti -

malisié tròp

nèg

.

yô

.

86

Nèg

-pa

.

.

pè

-pa

li .

sé -

-pa

Nèg

85

CREOLE

bay

plên

195

HAITIAN

HALL )

man

thor

accustomed

wear

another

know

'll

to

.

limp without

't

]

.

they force him

pass

. ]

[

,

.

. . ? . [i . ?

a

Lord with

the good

]

what does the Lord air

't

).

in

.

black

a

to

.

,

,

who has little millet outside

-

.

He

.

's

in

a

.

sié

li

fòk

-

joking

Before man eats he must sweat Walk softly order eat rich man food

piti mi déò véyé lapli -

watches out for rain the rainy season Dishonest

a

women

)

mask

.

mélé

bô

ak

mixed

good masks

with he

]

[

run

(

] he

.

,

't

how

A

know

to

. sèl

you

-

sé

,

gê

kat pat

go

.

li

Chê fè

.

104

but

hide dog has four paws but only one way

doesn

chémê

how

to

He knows

kôn kaché

.

-pa

,

kôn kouri

li

.

103

Li

.

Djob

cactus passes

pineapple

( .

for

.

.

102

In

pasé pou

zânâna

a

lapli pêgwê

-

Nâ

-

.

101

tâ

.

gê

. -

Sa k

.

Death

.

rich

them

about

.e .

.

[i fè

. .

nwè Âvâ you nôm mâjé Maché dousmâ pou mâjé mâjé

but

When the cat takes his little early the morning

li

ti -

Lamò

.

96

99 . 98 97

care

wèl

are games

Who mixes hunger dog

's

?

-

grâgou chê

among

up

-

isn

ak

bô

Dié

Kou chat prâ

100

fall

you

both sack and crab

games

.

pa

All

e

.

,

-

sé

jwèt badinê

is

ni -

ni -

Kimélé

moun

the road

.

.

-

. .

He lost

krab

sak

Tout jwèt

.

la -

93 .

Li pèdi

95 dâ 94

You walk the woods

in

tôbé

,

,

chimê

nâ bwa

on

ou

pral

Ou

nâ

92 .

.

(

prevent bathing donkey drink

make

if

,

water even the water

.

,

.

't

doesn

don

to

pasé dlo

They

a

yo

. dlo

,

-

fè

pa

bwè

bourik

the

like the calabash

Nudity

êpozé bêgnê

Touni Yo

like the back

is

The calabash

.

do

,

kwi

kou

-pa

91 . . 90

-l

.

you you crush the thorn pricking you back

fosé

it

a

hat should wear

If

.

sâ

-

va

ou

-l

pikâ

. do

.

bwété

ou

Kwi kou

89

-p

pilé

ou

Si

.

88

iké

pa

head which

is

-

li

pou

poté

it

abitié poté chapo

Tèt

A

ki

. 87 .

oughly

can

105 .

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTAROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

Pa -blié grâ chémê pou - chémê

travès.

forget the highroad for the

Don

't

AMERICAN

196

is

French

no

speak

to

able

cleverness

madness akin mad

cleverness

is

Too much

[

is

not far off Genius

to

,

,

.

lwê

sòt

.

Tròp léspri

107

-pa

proof

.

of be

.

To

sa

.

léspri pou

-

-pa di

106

.

cross roads

Palé frâsé

John

is

finds

em

.

.

is

its

Little

.

not being stingy little the bird makes

bya

To

.

fè

. .

-

109

John seeks John barrassed give little

,

,

111

pa

110

Bay piti chich Piti piti zwazo nich

Ti -

.

âbarasé

,

trouvé

Jâ

,

.

Jâ

chaché

Jâ

).

ness 108

. .

nest

.

] s

to

,

a

't

.

,

be

from

. the palm

hair

is

of

to

]

.

[i

reed

not rifle beautiful head

when

bray

of

A

.

-

pa

.

tree

lajâ

is

.

Bèl chévé

The arrow

fizi

-

122

pa

Flèch palmis

.

121

he

.

Domingo has

Santo

. e.

.

Domêg râni

find feathers takes straw However he may dressed midday strikes the donkey

a

abiyé

,

li

.

pay

sônê fòk bourik

, if

pa midi

he

si li ka

,

voltijé

Sê -

Abiye

kô

prâ

li

. .

120

]

is

Flattery more dangerous than two edged knife When the hawk hovers doesn

-

.

Kâ malfini

jwên plim

it '

it .

pasé kouto

is

dé

dâjéré

bò

119

(

.

[

).

there

Man talks without acting the Lord acts without talking .

-

di .

sâ

fè

-

,

fè

-

di

Flaté

Dié

BÔ

pi

.

.

118

sâ

intact Nèg

the

The cat knows and the rat knows going the barrel maize remain of

,

.

-

la

.

,

116 Chat kônê rat kônê barik mai ava rété

117

seems

and

,

sé

-

é

-

,

dlo

heart the yam The fish trusts the water the water that cooks

[ lit .

kwit

nâ

gêyê kôfiâs

Pwasô

li .

ki .

115

Only the knife knows what of

sâm

not know

you

than

's

nâ

sa

ki

ki

kônê

-

.

kouto sèl

.

kè

Sé

.

greater

114

dlo

that you

in

ou

All

is

pasé

do

kônê

.

grâ

pi

Tou

-

ou

sa

.

113

pa

.

,

bone the high was once covered on

a

When you find way remember with flesh

it

-

,

nâ

grâ chémê

li .

kouvri

-

-

zo

kôtré té

viân

112

sôjé

ki

.

Kâ

sé

ou

-

finger nail

your

better than

is

tiny knife

A

.

.

kouto miyò pasé zôg

not

't

]

]

. it

[

in

The river flood may prevent you crossing but keep you doesn from turning back [

.

pasé dlo

-pa

Lariviè âpéché

,

.

123

âpéché toûnê

li

.

money

HAITIAN

.

)

fire

.

's

what

the

-

rem

í

is

person

is

of

experience

an

A

person

needed

old

A

long life brings wisdom ( lit .

. Lavi lôg , sé -plis léspri . 127 . Grâ moun sé- rémèd . 126

't

A

kay .

.

Jé rouj pa - boulé

on

125 .

't

your head won nod break your neck blazing eye won set the house

. (

Souké tèt pa -kasé kou

197

To

.

(

124

CREOLE

)

HALL )

).

edy

of

.

.

't

.

no

.

to

.

in

.

a

it

,

is

.

.

,

but mapou

not

.

.

--

a

to

cockroach wants have never invites chicken Fish scales are not money

the shoes that know whether the socks have holes tick never respects shot foot hunger potato has times

"

's

big

no

a

,

of

In

,

-

patat

.po

Zafè kabrit

grâgou

gê

145

tâ

Nå

-pa

.

.

144

.

a “

réspékté pié gro

jâm

A

-pa

.

.

It 's

gê

ki

chosèt

.

kônê

mouché

business in

's

s

it ' .

.

nô

poté mové

,

,

lamè mâjé moun

-

nâ

Tout bèt

ki

.

sé -

rékê

goat

not

the

business Every creature the sea eats peo ple the shark that bears the bad name

.

.

sheep

is

The

zafè moutô

's

-pa

.

.

peel

146

-

.

's

is

wood

a

When

,

lajâ

-

pwasô

soulié

. si -

pa

.

Sé -

Chik

a

is

is a

-

jâm

dance

Kal

143

All wood mahogany he a

-pa

dâs

li

ravèt vlé

,

fè

.

.

. .

time the devil and time for the Lord When chicken drinks water forget the Lord doesn Beyond the hills there are hills

.

-

, .

mòn bwa mê mapou

êvité poul 142 trou

order

.

gê sé

. .

-pa

leave the donkey beat the saddle bag

't

.

-

Dèyè mòn Tout bwa kajou

139

Lè

that

heart head

a

blié

-

pa

,

li

Kà poul bwè

138

141

good

without

for

,

jou

you

Bô Dié

140

crab

A

jou

-

dlo

.

pou diab

.

136 You pou Bô Dié 137

the him

s

-

-

kout

makes Don

fight

dishonor crime

be

It '

-

.

sâ

li

fè

tèt

pou bat ma

kité bourik

. . . -

135

a

Poverty Poverty

.

ki

-

Pa -

.

134

earthenware pot doesn iron pot

't

pa -dézonè . Maléré sé Sé bô kè krab

vis

. Maléré

of

An with

the

stick

an

ak -pòt fè .

Pòt tè pa -goûmê

gets

dog

a

the thanks

is

All

.

blows

132

rice will taste

.

Gre- mesi chê, sé - kou t - bat

133 .

the heart

fat

130 . 131 .

affects

vein

little stone

the

Every

in

. Tout vên touché kè. Nâ-kôpâgni diri, ti- roch gouté

129 . grès .

A

128

ripe guava full stomach says has worms An empty stomach says

me

, poté -mak

:

see

He who

sôjé .

strikes the blow forgets

who bears the mark remembers Too big name kills little dog advantage spurs The cock

to

.

.

its

utterance

.

surpasses

sees

be

said

After the dance the drum heavy

always

up

,

fat ,

.

say't

.”

“

:

a

a

.

)

it .

the

.

enters

long

as

he

gradiosely

acts

of

the eye

the house before

so

dew

at

by

The

[ lit .

]

the time that the sun has not not come up The dead never know the price

kônê pri dra

jâm

of

Mò

. ..

.

160

-pa

.

.

,

be

master solèy

lévé

-

(

he

a

bâda tout

tâ

.

pa

Larouzé

fè

l-

159

killed The goat looks

will

person

flood even the infirm

in

yo

mèt kay avâ

not

of

gadé

âtré

stand they are

deal over receipt horse without need for When has been warned the river

all

Kabrit

)

(

di :

, .

tué kokobé

jé

. .

158

the animals

the conch says Me too Two honest people make

is

Lariviè avèti

All

.

.

157

-pa

.

-

chwal

vân

.

lavât

sâ

lâbi

.

-

mwê mêm tou 156 Dé moun ônèt

kill but stupidity

makes you sweat An empty sack can

gra

di

.

Tout bèt

âpé

yo

pa

155

-k

Sak vid

. .

154

. 't

Stupidity doesn

.

,

.

fè

touyé mê sòt

Sot

153

sié

-pa

.

.

.

,

Apré dâs tâbou toujou lou

not

,

152

is

what he

sees

says

lit

palé .

he

The wandering grain says things the tall branch

lots

(

ro

is

bwa pi

is

's

di li tâdé âpil di sa li wè, sé- pa -

,

,

bagay

.

-

sé zéprô

kòk

promênê

).

151 . Grên

of

. Avâtaj

150

a

Trò gro nô touyé ti - chê .

149 .

a

.

blié

he

let 148 . Bay - kou

;

.

a

vè

:

mi gê

di: kité - m wè.

vid

. .

147. Vật plê di : gouyav

Vât

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION A

AMERICAN

198

mê

.

of

]

.

Don

the basket

higher

than your head

. It 's

.

bô

ki

can

,

he

he

does what

wants

.

what

pot that cooks the good

food

kouyè bwa jou

gâmèl

kay kay

Every day the wooden the home the wooden

spoon

goes

trough

but

,

you

the

does

of

mê

mâjé

al

,

Chak

kwit

al

.

166

gâmèl

vié chodié

old

the big fellow

jou

165

The little fellow

gro nèg

-

,

l-

sa

kapab

vlé

to

sa

nèg

fè

. l- 164 . Sé . Ti -

.

.

ou

fè

the house hang

up

pasé

't

ro

pi

Pa -

.

163

kokémakout

on a

't

of

kay

to

[

lit .

-

-

.

pay

of

.

sleep You can mat and then speak evil order the mat The rats the house eat the straw

.

.

ap

-

-

W

162

mal Rat kay mâjé

in

-pa ka

.

sheets

kouché sou nat pou

161 Ou palé nat

HAITIAN CREOLE

cow

.

(i

.e .

.

-

patiraj

,

râni

lapli tôbé

pou

didn

come count the calves Run from the rain fall into the big river out the frying pan into of

nâ -

Chak bourik

Kouri

grâ

,

.

-

. 168

riviè

go

.

the

't

milk

to

spoon too

the wooden

to

vo

came

trough will

,

the house

kôté

to

-

I

m - pa

vin

- vin tiré bèf ,

of

one day the wooden

kouyé bwa tou . 167 . M

199

I

HALL )

his own pas

in

Each donkey brays

li .

-

.

nâ

).

the fire 169

ki

-

.

bwa pou

froté

to

be

,

.e .

.

to

of

[i

horse with

at

.

't

you

wouldn

have

't

,

-

sky

.

a

to

,

lésièl

fiské

kouvè

, If

ou

ap

ou

-tpa -

in

.

t a -

tâ

wè

to

does not help you feed him dry the season you hadn been looking the

season

Si

.

174

buy the rainy

advice big appetite

seen

it

nouri

sèk

He who gives you a

édé

li

ou

,

tâ

lapli

in

kôsèy achté chwal -pa

ou

ki

Sa nâ -

.

tâ

nâ

ba

.

.

l-

vật

pa

use ruse

the niggardly what tree he

can scratch himself

173 gro

You must snooze wily eat the food The wild pig knows ]

.

Kochô marô kônê

know

.

's

-

kabicha pou mâjé mâjé

moun chich 172

You must sleep with John John snoring

on

Jâ

-

-ap .

-

W

.

171

poucou

Jâ

kônê rôflé

dòmi

ou

Fòk

.

170

ak

.

turage

was

it

ful

loaf

].

[

a

] s

to

li .

public

a

is

.]

.

bed

for

will

be

,

's

to

you

house

up

you the What God has laid flood will not carry away We know don know Who knows

.

is

is ,

the bread the soup The rat knows what did during he

fè

ki

-

nwit

As

.yé

la

lâ

-

fè

yé ,

-â

pê

soup li

sa

.

-

.

]

?

(

.

't

Rat kônê

,

184

.

Kô

kônê

-

183

,

Nou kônê nou

we

.

,

,

ou

lavalas

not to

. a

at

.

kâ

.

ta

-

Bô

Dié séré pou

182

.

comrade

too late going

broté

house

market Don abuse hospitality you When are waiting take sup per

pa

-

jâm

trò

soupé kay

-1 .

pa

.

181

-ap

ou

ou

dòmi

Sa

marad

tân

't 's .

comrade (

.

lâ -

maché

A

his own eyes pa

.

.

Kâ

, .

180

)

179

Lakay kamarad

jé

Chak koukouy kléré pou

(

"

.

.

178

-

on

air ,

.] one

of

the sake

It '

-

alé

nâ

lè

Magrit

falls

whole oven not every day that Marguerite goes the market that she can bring back some nice syrup Each firefly lights the pathway for

[

.

Sé -l - pa

.

tout

not

you lose

that

poté bèl siro

maché pou

for

(

.

pèdi

tout you founo 177

the When you spit Imprudence your nose

It 's

ou

pê

pou tèt you

-

.

176

pa

-

Sé - .

nê ou

in

-

tôbé

li

,

lè

kraché

â

.

175 sou

ou

Lò

.

overcast

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION the night that makes time

hide

him

day

.

li kaché lajoûnê .

at

AMERICAN

200

Gâgnê méprizé kônê . Fè biệ , nâpwê mèsi .

no

[

is

]

,

.

When you play with

he

ou

.

jwé ak -ti- chê , li ba

ou

little dog

,

. Kâ

need

thanks

a

187

Wealth despises knowledge For doing good there

of ] [

. 186 . 185

]

to

his in

the donkey feet give him

determine

] [

look

't

Don

order

's

li

( lit .

188 . Pa -gadé pié bourik pou -bay

chaj.

at .

gives you fleas

pis .

.

of

,

in

).

in

but

can

]

,

sea

it (

the

grow

The mattress

the highway

.

but

big

,

acts

the

't

The river doesn swell without get ting turbid Before you laugh lame people

,

walking straight

bone

on

the high

on

old

an

it

don

't

,

road

say

'

it .

is

,

you see

If

-

tab

-

is

hap The day the little chicken piest day grabs the the hawk

never went

the

.

a

,

]

.

to

it,

.

't

't

-pa di

kônê chémê

.

big tree

woman

is

woman

a

makes

-

bwa

pouri

seed

on a

fâm

little Rely

A

.

,

sou fâm

sé -

fè

205

pié bwa

gro

-

Piti

Apouyé

grên

.

,

the road just for that

204

rotten

a

mean

't

fine wedding doesn

household

.

A

ménaj

.

vlé

bô

Bèl nòs

di

.

wood

-pa

206

deceive the beard Leaving first doesn mean knowing

can

.

Pati kouvâ

-

pou

. . . . sa . .

203

sore

[

pa

heal

thorns but when limp you step you have You can deceive the hair but you Excrement has on

,

Ou

.

bwété kapab trôpé chivé 202 kapab trôpé bab fòk

ou

-

,

mê kou

no

't

Pardon doesn

.

gê

-pa -

pikâ

ou

pilé

géri malêg

ou

Kaka

. li, . .

Padô

201

pa

.

table 200

good

?

.

'

,

-

lå

-

â

alé

grâ

.

-pa

vié

jâm

ro zo

wè gnou

li

chémê

Si -pa di ou li .

, .

199

re

see whether you jou

prâ

malfini

at

,

gadé

-

-pi

.

.

ou

si -

ti -p . ri

Âva moun bwété maché dwèt oul 198 Jou yoû kôta

197

sé

ou

.

.

-

pa

li

-

.

't

(

Grass doesn

't

.

-

lå

troublé

the

master

sheet covers

-pa

fè

grâ chémê bâda me dra kouvri

grosi

Riviè

.

pousé

,

Matla

-

Zèb

195

. .

194

sâ

pa

drown

toe

his own way

.

néyé mèt

li .

,

li

pa

-

.

lâmè mê

itself

it .

li

. Lâg

boast

cowardice

licks his big

dog

Each

way Way he knows The tongue

isn i. 't e.

zòtèy

jâ

Chak chê niché

196

need

Carefulness isn

kônê 193

't

Salt doesn li

.

-kapô .

tèt

191. Atâsiò 192

pa

the heart

see

to

190 . Sèl pa -bézwê vâté tèt li .

the eyes don revolted

in

't

isn

't .

.

its

189

( If ] .

load

Jé pa -wè, kè pa - toûnê .

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

207 . Pa - jâm

âtré nâ - kôba

sô - batô

201

Don 't ever

.

into a fight

go

without

a stick

Ti-chwal

râni,mê pa

lâ -savân

li li

li .

fè

The little horse in the field whinnys , but don 't believe it 's his mother he does Pulling brings about breaking You have eat your words have it .

kwè sé -pou -mâmâ

for

208 .

pou - gâgnê

to

paròl

zami.

to

mâjé

.

209 . Ralé mênê kasé . 210 . Fò

.

friends

s

,

it '

s

it '

).

,

.

.

the answer

,

by

its

I

arrives

its

it

, .

:

of

.

's

.

,

:

a

into the air bull horns Very small makes the length the president needle and thread

his

heels

:

with the dog

at

General Little Delia does his serv ice

fl .

,

in

its

room

soldiers shut inside melon Four paws beat the dew two pistols

ak

sèvis

li

fè

Ti -

Délia

egwi

heard

out

painted

:

:

”

,

ve

I'

living

is

. clwa

white pink with many black

in

bedroom

"

, .

house

green

,

side

a

:

in

have

storm

it

.

zégwi

ak -

-

:

rên

.

:

,

goes

aim

,

dé pistole

lôgè prézidâ

fè

he

it

go

is ,

am

it

for me shade

, .

go

I

get

:

. â

ak - 6 . fil .

.

larouzé

kòn bèf

Jénéral

lô

Africa

I

. -

-

la

ak

ni

-

,

châm

:

blâ

dâ

,

li

mwê pêtiré

âpil sòlda nwa fèmê

lè :

.

5

cheese

come get me get and the doctor

The noise

:

-

tâdé

in

ginê

its

nâ

,

kay â

gể

,

-

you

Kat pat bat

7

him

.

.

. fè

klwa

lasal

Piti piti

chê

not

work rag the rag

before me coconut

mélô

vizé

,

. rivé

. vèt

â

-l .

-

â

ròz

first followed

There

Here

li

, .

doktè

-

:

-m

.

3 4

Mwê

déò

given

lôbraj

m

vin

alé chaché kokoyé

Rakata

loraj

:

bâ

-1

mwê

mwê

pra

-

Mê

prâ

, al

li,

1a . 1b . . M

Mê

âvâ

li

,

In

Riddles these the definition the text and the translation

is

pê

jwên fromaj

.

.

. .

6 5 in

both

2

a

.

Chak

215

The napkin becomes napkin becomes Every bread finds

a

tòchỗ

his

,

(

tòchô

,

toũnê

Sèviet

.

214

--

).

re

'

that eats the fruit toûnê sèvièt

the

.

works

one who

The

.

li

-

-

mâjé

ki

pa

sé

travay

good

someone

beating

of

)

do

you

Lord you

,

ki

Sa

.

213

's

in

. ' e t .

(i

If

[

,

bat

.

Dié

count eggs the chicken until they are hatched

Don

belly

ou

Bô -

nèg biê

-

.

212

sé

Fè

211 . Pa -kôté zé nâ - vât poul .

needle

.

:

in

in

it

it

in

;

a

I

,

.

potato garden had the day you you time when went into found nothing but the evening was full potatoes stars the sky of

la

, -

,

sièl

-

zétwal

nâ

-

jwên âyê

'

:

patat pa

n

dâ -

al -

patat

ou

jadê

you plêla

ou

li

,

mê léswa

gê

té -

M

.

joûnê

lò

8

.

and thread

,

to

't

:

;

a

( it ).

it

't

,

up

.

:

standing

]

[

thing

.

A

little pitcher

:

red

,

. .

:

:

I'

of .

:

green folks answer dry Congo beans and beans pods make the noise when they are shaken the others don Very small fills the house lamp

dry

-

Piti piti plê kay lập rouj kâpé krich

Ti -

. .

14 13

m

's

of

the

Congo

do

yo

,

,

-

é

-

swer

lò

fè

, I .

di

grâ

fè .

pa

crab

red

pwa

m

,

-pa

yo

yo

,

:

yo

, ,

yo

sé -

bwi

death

say hello arrive somewhere everybody the young folks don an

répôn

pwa kôgo vèt

gous sèch lòt

sèch

kwé

jâ

jen

-

répôn

tout

my

old

-m

. koté

-

jou

curlimacue the day

dressed

rivé you

yo bò

moun

tout

chévrèt

M

moun kôgo

mwè abiyé

lâmò

I

. . 11

:

.

12

-

â

Jou

in

me

militô

rouj

small , he wakes up the presi dent from his sleep : bed -bug . my mother dress holds The belt

all

mwê

pân

mâmâ

(MEMOIRS , 74

Very

up

Ribâ

-dòmi:

,

.

-m

10

lâ

:

révéyé prézidâ ròb

.

:

. Piti piti

9

pinèz

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

on

AMERICAN

202

in

it to

it

,

,

.

to a

't I,

:

it

I

. .

pig

it :

]

'

bed

,

I

by

.

:

on a

,

. 't .

.

:

St .

to

.

s

it '

,

.

a

:

a

on

a

is

isn

:

of

go

't

.

,

't

the

, it

.

every

there the others can three stones the fireplace Dressed doesn out bed

one work

:

).

yo

found

grandfather passed place everybody rope saw fence Adelia beautiful woman too bad pimiento The entry Marc slips jar My grandfather has three children

If

: Si

. .

.ja

:

-pa gê

Sê -m -

sòti kabân

:

.

25

(

of

twa roch Abiyé

glisé

twa pitit kapab travay lòt the fireplace

-pa

, la

-

pa

. .

24 23

youn

Dévâ Mak Grâ papa

-

:

.

I -

My

:

.

: .

. li

.

sé -d

.

22

arrived somewhere body rope fence

.

,

:

-

-

- -m

.

.

:

sou

he

Mwê rivé

you koté mwê jwen kòd lâtouraj pasé you koté 21b Grå papa wè tout moun sou kód lâtouraj omaj pimâ Adélia bèl fâm 21a

is

.

commands kings

it

,

small

bed bug

tout moun

it

,

:

never lacking

.

:

Very

.

:

rwa pinèz

a

storehouse cemetery

meat

house

in

God

,

mâké

has

single stake parasol

on a

li

father

mounted

's

-

My

môté

.

Piti piti kòmâdé

.

,

pa .

:

-

Dié

:

.

Bô

-

19

Galata simitiè

20

viân

kay

you

parasòl

sou you sèl poto

jâm

gê

Papa

-m

.

18

·

.

bug

it s

a

,

fat little two tables that she kills mother has [

.

:

,

I

on

pinèz

-1

My

gra

kochô

ti -

-m li

touyé

:

it

m

,

.

.

17

dé -

tab

sou

-

sé

Mâmâ

)

(

't

] it

a

to

the fell paper into the water and broke was walking along found nice pick five cent piece wasn able up spittle -

-pa you

fouti râmasé

:

-

gê

,

M

.

mwê

-l

-ap

16

maché bèl piès sêk kòb kraché

heaven

he dropped plate me fell ground but didn break [

pa

-

-

:

. li

tè

you

grandfather stayed

,

My

li

,

lè

jwên

a

,

-

li

nâ

,

li

li

-

â

-m

bâ

.

-

15

lagé Grâ papa rété you asièt mwê tôbé kasé tôbé dlo kasé papié

All

without any

round

27 . Â -ba lamè tou blé : parasòl .

of the

:

bottom

blue

.

The bottom parasol

sea

ring .

:

Tou- rô sa -fô : bag .

203

all

.

26

CREOLE

is

HAITIAN

HALL )

:

's

!

corner

a

sent into

it

blop

Blop

!

:

-

kwê nat

.

voyé

nâ

blop

mat

,

a

he an

.

a

to

to

,

:

a

't

-t -

.

:

fè

li

,

pa

jâm

-pa

li :

.li

held corvée with gave every one

eat pimiento My grandfather went war he long time stayed went blind but forget the road home didn blind man never forgets the way he

nâ

li al

m

-

-

,

li

tâ

.

single banana

to a

li

pimâ

her chickens

he

bay tout moun

bânân

lagè you Grå papa avèg mê kâtité blié chêmê kay avèg blié chémê bouch 31

hen covering

him

one soldier

her wings

My grandfather

kòvé avèk a

fè

m

-

-

. :

mâjé

you

not

he

,

got wet

leading

,

a

ki

,

li

-1 t , -

out his saber

:

-

li

30

you sèl grên

overtook

pulled with

Grâ papa

was

rainfall

kouvri

zèl

ak

pitit

grandfather

army

ralé sab

poul

My

you

kôdi

li .

you

:

-pa

-

-m

Grâ papa you lapli baré mouyé solda

lamé

,

li -ap

. , 29

.

,

,

28 .

Blop

,

.

a

it

, it

a a

little

it

,

voids excre

,

horse

].

(

:

.

men

s

's

it '

to

urinate

.

,

there

every

girl

a

four feet

cat which has climbed

on

the ground

ll

'

we

,

way

,

feet

on

.

Four above table

a

fôdi

:

pié

:

kat

.

.

tab

:

-

sou sou

-

piè

moûté

tè ,

.

ki

.

40

Kat

pass that

meet belt

ribâ karako

chat

this way

Pass

,

:

kôtré

-

n -a

,

pasé

la

Pasé isit

,

.

39

.

sweeping

-

:

dance

a

,

daughter

to

has

she has

up

getting

pass

suspenders

father

he

,

.

:

its

:

:

My

morning

horse

mounts

plane tool

a

lé -

. -

tou

balé

-

-

ap fi

,

ti -

fi

ti -

:

k

gê

you

dâsé

of

its

it “

sé -

,

-

,

la

,

here

little

gold which wakes the

sleep

from

Pass

cruppers

li

-

pou

matê

koupiè

.

-

m

Papa sé -

.

38

lézòm

pasé

back

needle

king Pasé isit brétèl

:

.

37

pisé

:

,

it

its

lévé

A

dòmi

:

lévé rwa

lâ

dò

. .

36

ment Zepêg

three

house

grandfather has belly under on

li

eats

,

:

do

-

,

kaka sou

My

chwal valòp

it

grandfather has back

saddles belly under

.

you

ti -

gê

li -m

-

-

ba

.

35

à

mâjé

Grâ papa vât

he gives

its

he

:

-

gets

bed

My

,

ti ba

-

â

-l

chwal vât kay

. li

gê

m

-

li

,

do

sou

-

-l

you Grâ papa moûté

-

.

34

:

taps sélé

of

of

when

on

,

kabân

. .

:

ti -

chwal

lè

tap

m

you

twa

-

li

li

.

-l -

33

ap

gê

. Grâ papa môté ba

-

l-

Bone ties bone bone releases bone the door the house My grandfather has little horse

key

on

kay

he

:

pòt

.

klé

lagé

zo

zo

,

zo

.

32

Zo

.

his mouth maré

(MEMOIRS , 74

· AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

204

, kat

41 . Ti - Volin 42 . Blâ

mouri

Little Voline , four little bottles : cow .

ti -boutèy : kat

tété bèf .

li : bânân mi.

nâ - kâsô

four teats of a A white man

died in his shorts : ripe

banana . (where ] I saw a Negro behind

white man kettle the fire Alexander pock marked put pox thimble

:

's

small on

to

castle

by

.

lit . -

:

[

:

.

)

-

(

là

pou

-

Aléksân gravé vérèt dwèt korosol

.

a place

licking

in

dé

.

44 -

by

a

chodiè

sou difé

mété

I passed

mwê wè

on

k

niché

nèg

:

dèyè

ki

-ap

blâ

pasé you koté ,

Mwê

43.

the

to

,

to

:

to

,

.

:

-

a

dé -

,

-

,

dé

: -

.

kwa mâjé

kokoyé

three grains

medicine plant Something drink something eat something throw away coco of

.

46

Dé kwa bwè

kwa jété

Three kings

twa

chato

grên médsîyê

.

you

-

rwa

:

Twa

nâ

45 .

).

finger

big

,

a

as

au all -

on

,

I

the

from

that

it,

I

!

,

I

I

a

to

.

to

I

.

,

of

:

.

a

I

me

mill

.

:

little tree which pound

.

heaven

,

all

not

father remained

in

(i

My

peo

')

ple read

liv : " a

book which

.e .

loaded with words

he

a

has

mos

was

sugar

war

heard

what was the it

I

asked

is

't

a

by

place where

;

!"

“

I

has

cabbage

white chicken

,

:

clothes

My father

.

I

it,

a

;

sent little trunk for me the time kept finding more kept opening a

she

cotton boll

.

:

My

in

, ,

mother stopped she stamped her foot the ground the child Ago mother her belly answered grains being avocado shaken

.

"

:

“

li

little

got under

told

lays black eggs

Ago

had

pricked

:

souké

that

on

“

répôn

Prince rain along the

me

side

on

:

frapé

pié

blâch

.

-

vật zaboka

li

rété

ki

lâ m

:

poul

gous koto

li , .

:

tè , 53 .

mâmâ

”

they

My father

ki ap

: -

-

m

ap

-

jwên

li

-m

52 . .

zé

nwa

grên

-

Way

beautiful Papa

Mâmâ pitit

a

passed

Way

voyé

li

,

lè

-

m

tâ

-

â

,

gê

sé -

pi - -m

-

-l

you

bèl rad

the

drop time there wasn rain which wetted me any more umbrella

yo

,

.

li

moun

Grâ papa rété mal pou mwê tout

ti -

bwa

pié

ti -

liv gê

:

-

you

chou pôn

ground flop

matter

. -m

.

ak

paròl

débouché

by my

:

-

k

fè

-ap

sa

,

sé -

ki ,

.

.

50

di

Papa

50

51 . you

remembered

sheath

quitoes making

moulê kân

long

Port

road

, !

,

tâ

-p

ki li,

mouyé mwê âkò

parapli Mwê pasé you koté mwê tâdé way way mwê mâdé gêgnê marêgwê lagè mwê

was going beat

began

I

-

sa - a a tè

yo

-

m

,

-

-

â

yoû gout lapli

la , ti - .

nâ

o -

,

Mwê pralé Pòt Prês lapli bat mwê tout rout Mwê vini sôjé ké mwê gêgnê iké flap fouro sou koté mwê dépi nâpwê mwê râtré ba

ball

thread

:

48 . :

road

kômâsé

chajé

Round

-

-

,

fil .

-

47 .

bwa

boul lôg kou gia chémê

as

.

nut

Rô Rô

HAITIAN

My mother

on

are

]

to he

.

-

, ; lot in of he

.

a

.

he

.

a

,

-

,

of

:

by a

hand

.

little horse which speed

When

he

full

.

a

father has

was running

gives him

the cross

,

•

" --

..

-

-

up :

:

:

a

:

a

a

My

grass

at

ap

-

-

k

li

ba

.

-

Kou

you

chwal

ti -l -

gê

-m

you

tout vitès

un

he

to

in

in

one who passes

:

:

,

chwal chak you pôgnê zèb

them

My father has children puts each room bread tree My father has little horse every of

,

li

labapê

.

: ti

moun

châm

ti -

gê

you

li

m

you

.

of

,

on

in

to

punish

;

to

be

,

the house had given them their teeth remained grin ning the sun when river bed dries the rocks the sun

able

covered stay

ful

Papa

a

69

kouri

pasé

you bân

order

riviè

solèy

ba gê lâ -

-m -

Papa

. .

moun lakwa

Papa

chak rété

ki

67 . .

68

mété

chil

they were insolent

,

lè

-a

;

rété you

but

cere

her

dren

yo li

sa

l-yo té ba

. :

pini

dâ yo

gê

-m

,

lâ nâ li - - té -

yo

chèch roch

solèy

My

bân pitit

you

pou

holds

Zamba

her back crab grandfather had

in

-l

fè

Mother

sou

.

-

té -

dékouvri kay grignê

rété

,

has two little boys drawing machetes from sun

:

.

.

:

:

65 64

sérémoni

monies

Grâ papa

. yo

66

:

do

Zâba

.

a

in

.

:

ap

who

rise onward one can never hurt the grass other two blades Water lying down melon Ion sugar cane Water standing

krab

radi

[

a

:

a

bamboo

My grandfather

-

-pa k-

, dé ti -

jâm

.

.

Mâmâ

. .

Dlo kouché mélô Dlo kâpé kân

mê

-

up

of

.

:

the bazaar cuts the the bazaar rain

father has fish which swims only one basin tongue My grandfather has house sets hinge hook and order fin it

li li

,

gê

. pou jouk

gê

-m

:

.

. it

,

kay

in

you

pâti

you

My

najé

-

,

ki

gê

:

-m

gô

pwasô

gasô Grâ papa tiré mâchèt dépi matê youn kab blésé lòt dé fèy zèb

63

to

no

of

.

. m

- .

62 :

moûté you fini bâbou

sews

and earth you

basê lâg Grâ papa

-

61 .

sèl

.

you

and

able

egg

thread

bazaar

-

60

Papa

The

:

,

li

koud baza

latè

-

lâ

fân baza

who

.

:

it is

workman

The thread the bazaar holds the bazaar curlimacue

ish up a

ak -

lapli

broken

is

bed

's

,

zé .

militô

:

:

a

.

59 .

Fil baza

baza kêbé baza

The bride

there repair

:

li

krazé

:

ki

58

Fil

. he

other side the ocean sent me suit without collar codfish .

.

marié kapab râjé

madâm

'

has a ring you can t put your ears : wasps. My grandfather remained the

voyé

mwê lâmori

-l

57 .

Kabân

lâpwê ouvrié

, no

stick

a

it : snake.

with

into

bò ,

lòt

-

.

:

bâ

kòlèt

sâ

abi

you

ou

gèp

grandfather has

body can walk

,

zâno

. pa -

lot

55 .

kapab mété -l nâ - zòrey ou : 56 . Grâ - papa -m rété

My

ti- batô ,

you

ak - li : koulèv

is

Grâ - papa - m gê pa -kapab maché Mâmâ -m gê you

205

( of

54 .

pèsòn

CREOLE

),

HALL )

AMERICAN

206

kou t -fwèt , li rété : dlo mété dlo frèt la - da - n .

-bouyi, ou

k -ap

: ékri

blâch

a stroke of the whip , he boiling : water (when ) you put cold water in it . My grandfather has two cloths of

gave him

stopped

70 . Grâ -papa - m gê dé nap ki mêm lajè : sièl ak -tè . 71. Dèyè zòrey kaporal toujou gra : kouvèt chodiè . 72 . Papa -m gê you ti-bèg nwa ki

béglé lâ - savân

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

-papié .

sou

73 . Grâ - papå - m al fè you rout , dèyè li yo résévwa rwa , kou - l- vini li wè koté rwa té -chita : chouk palmis .

: heaven and earth Behind the corporal' s ears it ' s ways fat : kettle cover . the same width

.

My

father has

little

al

bull

black

bellows in a white field : writing on paper. My grandfather went to make a

which

,

( after he left ] they re , king ceived the when he returned he saw where the king had sat: stump of trip

after him

a palm 74 .

A

.

-tree

thievish child climbing the Lord ' s

hill : an ant climbing up

bot

syrup

a

,

all

of

.

:

,

,

:

at

to

for

,

to

go

a

]

[

-

to at

.

,

fèy bânân

au

, ,

yo

-

0

gê

,

-K

O

,

ap Kay vini mouri

stays here but his countries coffee

children know My grandfather has troop chil dren there are those who Cap Port Prince Haitien Les Cayes but the time them die they come die his feet banana

,

.

:

m

,

-

-

yo -o

you bân pitit

My grandfather

-

,

-m

-

tout

-

li :

lè

-p

lâ

ié

rété isit mê pitit

péi kafé

Grâ papa Pòt Prês pou mouri

al

- .

k

sa

mê

Grâ papa

kônê

76

li

.

yo 75

.

tle

Ti-moun visiè môté mòn Bô Dié : fromi k -ap -môté boutèy siro .

a

.

of

am

on

I' ll

“

, :

side

:

”

on

my

chamber

at

a

. 't

]

,

shaking hands

:

succeed

,

[ lit .

;

I

saw young women talking crossroads no matter how much they talked talk talk talk they didn in

yo

-

, -

,

.

dé ,

:

,

.

ap

82

palé Mwê wè démwazèl palé palé palé kalfou fouti bay lâmê tété you

pa nâ

.

:

broom

.

.

stick

Captain under the bed pot

.

:

the water

behind the door

:

.

Captain

:

.

ba

:

:

them

.

-

An auto

on

dlo

-

-

"

on

carry

corn and little millet

Oto sou batô Kaptên dèyè pòt balé Kaptên kabân vaz â

81 . .

.

80 79

a

.

,

:

:

.

-

says

I' ll

“ M

-a -

-a -

di :

la

-

mi

"

poté

“ M

di : lòt -

piti

ak

-

:

”

-

-l

, ”

.

,

78

Dé mâmâ youn pitit mwê sou tèt poté sou koté mai

|

children

I

:

ti -

.

grénad

the mother two thousand and still have crown my head pomegranate carry Two mothers one says my children my head the other

I

dé

-

nâ

-

sé

mâmâ mil moun kouròn sou tèt mwê âkò -

gê

mwê

-

é

.

77

.

leaves

Mwê

two breasts

HAITIAN

HALL )

83 . You kou t -pêsé mwê jwên you roch : zaboka . 84 . Apolin bèl fâm , domaj li ple

:

péché

sèkèy

. .

pou - ki

mâjé ,

85 . M -ba ou gadé - m : mâgo .

ou

Ti-moun radi,

lôjé dwèt sou grâ -moun : chou palmis . you gê 87 . Papa -m ti- pié zorâj lakay li, li pa -mâjé , sé -you moun déò 86 .

ki vin

mâjé -l :

,

sè ou

biê pitit

ou

fi ou

Ti- fâm bròdè biyé ròb - la bollda : mouch . 88 .

.

ra

CREOLE

A

207

I find

stroke with the pincers and

:

a stone

avocado

.

Apolline is a beautiful woman , too bad she 's full of sins : coffin . I give you food , why do you look at me? : mango . Insolent child , sticks out his at grown- ups: palm frond .

finger

My father has a little orange tree in his house , (but ] he doesn 't eat [of] it ; it 's a stranger who comes and eats thereof : your sister or your daughter . A little elegant woman who wears

at the level of the buttocks :

in

(

a

“

m

).

for

:

.

:

I'

nut

has two little boys who

but

]

long

,

day

[

father

are splitting wood

never finds the wood they split

:

he

Brother Noel

"

of

the buttocks

My

all

yo

-

-

k

ap

. pa ti -

dé

: .jé

li

fân

bwa

jwên

,

bwa tout lajoûnê fân

nèg

to [

:

to

-

nâ

“

ou

di

:

Mwê

nwa

gê

"

frè

Papa

-m

.

.

Kaka nwèl

]

. [

,

]

.

:

a

:

:

gêgnê jadê diri zwazo

-m

93 .

Papa

-

94

to

.

k

-ap

,

-pa

,

kolé

which the bird with head eats everything mortar pounding you Excrement says stuck

kôtré lòt zòrey

jâm

tèt mâjé tout pilô

a

mapou

die

My father has two little boys that are always fighting but one never meets the other ears My father has rice garden

nèg

ti -

dé

gêgnè

-m

Papa

goûmê youn

95

to

on

.

I

,

I

as

:

-

have

tree

.

.

92

Big

am

mouri

m

,

m -

fò

gro

kou

mapou

bollda

,

.

A

:

:

zorâj

si .

falèz

-

Gro

nâ

.

:

.

90

Milatrès roulé

91 .

:

glasses going Glasses inside honeycomb mulatto woman rolling the cliff sour orange find glasses

:

jwên

of

ap

l-

,

linèt

-

dâ

Linèt linèt mièl

dé -

nâ -

89 .

.

fly

her dress

father sent me two bottles one

,

My

sweet one bitter life and death

.

:

bâ

lavi

,

:

mê

-

,

â

youn

dous

outèy

ti -b

voyé

soap

.

:

faces

coffee

in

pink

:

in

The bride

all

:

-

â

ròz

.

. .

Lamò tout

Little joker with four

kafé sériz

savô

:

98 97

99 .

badin kat fas

Lamarié tout

.

Ti -

.

-

é

youn mwê lâmò

dé

m

-

, .

96

.

eyes

Papa

roasted

coffee

.

:

in

black

.

]

(

a

father has horse whose falling out one after the comb are

teeth

other

all

Death

My

:

.

.

:

grênê youn apré lòt pêgn

dâ 1

,

:

gê â -

Papa

-

.

100

m

.

berries

nwa kafé griyé you chwal

little black woman who makes smoothing iron love neatly little black and white hen with [

]

.

]

-

-

(

:

up

to

for

.

-

:

.

's

under rats

us

.

:

to

:

a

on a

a

lit

)

lack m

not going

I'

,

of .

on

.

on a a

(

.

my mother

of

as

.

's

,

;

is

to

:

's

burial ship sail going Mother Jacmel soon she leaves her house she pulls off sugar cane which

she

-

pieces

father

in

,

held

skin

saddle

corvée

a

My

meat below

horse

.

a

:

the middle

.

top

's

Meat

There

of

, .

eat soap

:

can

't

:

,

.

,

were 800 000 people Half them ate half them didn eat workers and

't

.

ak -

cemetery

For the

tle white handkerchief

of

nâ -

po

ba ,

, .

yo

fè

-

â

,

in

tombstone traveling

to

li

.

: â

.

:

command

danger mounted danger pregnant woman pregnant mare gray horse mounted his mas

ten

. -ro

.

:

.

pa sâ

again

them

as

ké -

l-

kân

Viân viần mitâ Sel chwal 113 Papa mwê kòvé Gê wit mil moun Mwatié mâjé mwatié mâjé travayè zouti

-

I

:

-

raché dis bou

sòti

fouti mâjé savô

112

sent

on

-pa

li

li,

,

Mâmâ pral Jakmèl dépi t-

.

-

,

-

:

m

-

m

ti -

lakay

Pou tèt you ral lâtèmâ nâ

pa . -p .

-

M

)

. -ap

-

.

vwayajé

mouchwa blâ mâmâ vwal batimâ 111

teats

cow

The Lord the ground

I' ter : A m

li :

.

tôm

simitiè

110

bottles wards

A

tè

âset

fâm

foot guinea hen me look five turned them all head down

Mymother sent ,

-

â

:

ba

-

â

yo

:

sou

dâjé

.

-

Dâjé môté chwal plên

Chwal gri môté mèt

109

( nâ

- .

-

.

-

yô

.

108

sou

turned

-

a

-m

yo

-m

.

,

ba sêk :

106

voyé Mâmâ chaché boutèy mwê mété tout tèt mâmèl bèf 107 Bô Dié voyé âkò pou kômâdé nou rat

a

,

rétrousé

A

pié

zêga

:

oul

Ti -p

. . .

105

pêtad

of

.

't

the

A

.

fè

fè

:

Ti -

.

pròp

lâmou

the goats

but

sea ]

l-:

.

nwa

fâm

low

[

The barrier jump over

is

volé

can

104

,

's

:

kabrit

sa

.

-pa

ba ,

Bayè

103

lâmè

,

lâmè

viên

:

.

fèy kân

arrived there , I saw two men fencing : sugar-cane leaves . The Good Lord storehouse full meat the sea

I

it

:

Bô-

.

lé - zam

Galata

:

102 .

plê

- tiré

ap

zòm

rivé la - a , mwê wè dé-

Mwê

Die

101.

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

.

AMERICAN

208

he

]

,

I .

he

he

,

.

a

France when he comes back finds the child sitting the same place river water spring in

.

,

riviè

.

a

:

jwên

tree

,

li

li

,

:

li

,

-

â

Frâs toûnê toûnê plas Dlo chita mêm

,

m

apa

-

-p

Grâ

but

fell

palm

:

it

up

hat

go to

to

to

sent

:

.

sous

pick

sugar cane field father has me cut two thousand He told me show him where cut the sugar canes hair My grandfather has child can be

.

alé .

-

pitit

la

mèt

My

go

di

yo

:

Li

,

.

yoû pitit

mwê kân

al li

't

.

yê

kân

chévé

116

's

li

,

-

gê

dé

pié

milié koté mwê koupé

The big shot couldn

gê

-l

mộtré

m

koupé

-m

voyé

tôbé

palmis

-

.

115

Papa

grâ mouché

li :

.

kab râmasé

-

pa

Chapo

off , (

.

tools 114

k -ap -âtré yo

tout fi wété ròb

batimâ

the adogwé roots :

can t count - tree .

I left Marbial, I went down to girls Jacmel . They told me (that )

who were coming into town had ailing vessels take off their dresses coming into port

to

m -ap -désân

is

a

,

it

.

:

avocado the cutting

at

,

go

split

her basket fell pieces and then the

, ,

a

was only

a

it

take thereof

:

[

]

,

and

was obliged

to

little

cut

I

a

,

,

I

couldn

it

-

little child who

asked table cut the bread thebanana the meat but there was thing which told me

I ' t

-

di

diri

fixed

I

t-

-

li,

sé -

mwê êpémwê obli

.

:

dâ

-

la

ki â,

yô

gê

lâ

-

pa

fè

, , -

-

-

kapab koupé

prâ

kouto bânân

kou

mwê koupé pệ bagay mê

tab

viân

,

jé m lâ

mådé

M

yô .

120

yô

child sou

Jacmel

seventeen

do up

ing

into

to it

zaboka

Mother has to

sèt

pral .

-

li

fân

âkò

:

la

piésé

ki

pitit

di -

yoû

sòt tôbé

-

,

li

Jakmèl pâyê moso épi pitit

, ti -

Mâmâ

-1

.

119

gê

.

[s

:

.pò

-

-

-

sé -

nâ

la

-ap -

âtré

,

di-m

Yo pou

'

I

-

palm

sòt Mabial yo

.

Jakmèl

lavil

-

m pa ka pab

all

. Mwê

118

k

-

Rasin adogwé palmis .

sa :

:

.

117

kôté

209

CREOLE

]

HAITIAN

HALL )

,

: it

up

.

,

a

on

I

, .

-

:

-

,

:

but

.

by

the other

never hurts the other

the hands

found

knees pea pods the pea vine the same size hitting

of

the bottom

Two men one against

somewhere

their

of

at

lòt

dé

blésé

:

-

bat youn

:

passed

everybody

on

:

don

of

.

mê

jâm

mêm pa

, .

-

Dé zòm

lòt mê youn

tay

-ap

.

pwa

cut me table but they eat me playing cards

.

,

pwa

tree

-

a

of

,

-

-j

.

mwê

gous

koté

jénou

-

a

. pié

-

nâ

pla

Mwê

tout moun

124

kôt

a

:

.

pa

-

123

jwên

pasé yoû

palm

They

I ' t

Yo

koupé mwê sou tab mêyo mâjé mwê kat wé

122

away spathe

When the rich man throws the poor man must pick

it

,

.

.

pou pòv râmasé

:

jété

121 rich tach palmis

-

Lè

.

rice

the

one

the two palms

NEWSPAPER , DIDACTIC , LITERARY MATERIAL

7.

THE

selections in this chapter are intended to serve as examples of what has been done to date in studied attempts to use Creole as a literary language . Since most of this material has been prepared by persons knowing standard French , it of course is not free from Gallicisms. 7 .1. Newspaper Texts . To date , there has been only one relatively perma nent newspaper printed in Creole : the journal Limiè — Fòs - Progrè ( 1943 – 6 ) . 1

In addition , there have been various more or less short - lived periodicals , usually in the form of mimeographed sheets , such as Zétwal FÔ -Mélô (“ The Star of Fond -Melon " ) , published in the Gosseline valley in 1949 . Limiè — Fès - Progrè .

News Of Other Countries . The invasion has begun , that is the big news. As we said in the last num ber , the Allies disembarked in France the morning of June 6 . Today we are very glad to announce that the inva

sa sé- grâ nouvèl .

nou té -di nâ - dènié niméro , Alié

yo té - débaké nâ - la - Frâs lématê 6 [sis]

ké-

sion is going very well . ago , the Four years

Gê kat â dé- sa , Almâ yo té - vlé fè êvaziô nâ - Lâglétè . Lè sa - a , apré la Frâs fini tôbé , épi lamé âglé té - pèdi tout kânô ak -lòt zam , Alma yo éséyé paré pou -âvai Lâglétè , mê yo pa -t -

wanted to make

land . At that time, after France had , and the English army had lost and other arms , the Germans tried to prepare to invade England , but they were not able . Nevertheless , the English were not

all (its) cannons

dé gê -

to

. in

machine was extremely

and

uns

every

difficult attack all those things My friends that what the Allies did General Rommel the chief the Ger man army had declared that was

,

,

,

L

,

cannons where people

for

té -

lamé

.

They

on

.

sa

sé -

had

forts

thick

210

.

.

-L

of

concrete eight feet had mines everywhere They had the sea and the beach The

alié

eposib

érop

.

to

of to

min

-

,

chèf sé

ké ,

Romèl

klaré amé débaké

,

Yo

.

great forts everywhere along the sea

té -

yo

té -

gê

. Yo Fò té

ak . -

Yo

bò

yo

.

-

)

nâ

sé -

té - ak -

Mé zâmi nâ -

-â

.

tò

gê

-

té

-

pou you

prepared resist invasion But the Germans had had four years get ready defend all the coast the Europe They had put countries

lâmè sou laplaj mitrayèz tout koté difisil pou moun ataké

Jénéral té -

fè , .

yo

almâ

sa

(

8

gê

té -

kânô

difisil tout bagay Ala

lâmè

pié épésè

dé -

fò

wit tout koté

bétô

,

péi

té -gê kat ané pou -yo préparé défân Lérop tout kot mété tout koté

Germans invasion in Eng

fallen

kapab . Sépâdâ âglé yo pa -t -préparé pou -rézisté you êvaziô . Mê, Almâ yo

grâ

an

.

anôsé

it

kôtâ

biê

.

nou

ap - mache trè biê.

of

Jodi- a

Jê .

evaziô -

an

Kom

29 , 1944 ) :

.

Nouvèl Lòt Péi . Évaziôâ kômâsé ,

( Thursday , June

29 Jê 1944

-g

Issue of Jédi

is

From

From

It

.

.

1

to

7 . 11 .

211

CREOLE

in

.

in

,

.

to

on

is

of

on

land all

on

bridges

fire

all

on

all

.

to

to

be

,

for

,

rivers and the train rails behind the Germans them not able send reinforcements easily The Allies sent big warships the forts and

the other

the Germans were The Ger mans themselves say now that they didn believe that big warships were able such damage But that

.

places

is

.

do

yo -pa

-

bombs

Germans and they attacked them from behind the same moment the on

soldiers

landed

,

this

the

the Allies had

11 ,

.

beach

do

To

other Allied

all

.

at

,

kôté

sa

not The Allies sent many para chutists who came down behind the

-

,

They sent many

drop

Alié plis

ak , -

fè

-

grå

invasion

airplanes

all . to

-

,

gè

.

té

yo

ki

alié

]

ôz

]

(

désân

land

every place they had the idea ing They dropped bombs also the .

-

yo

.

yo ké té yo .yé.

yo

,

-a

-l -

lòt solda

.

, 11

lòt ti - [

000

tout

ataké

laplaj Pou tou 000 mil aviô kat mil bato bato yo tou

sou

gê

, -té

4

momâ

yo

,

dèyè mêm

débaké

épi

sâ

yo

té -

voyé âpil parachitis

dèyè Almå

kapab

tout Alié

sé -

sa

,

.

sa

Mê

many

army

wrong

how the Allies succeeded

making the

to

fè

té -

-

gè

-

kou

grâ bato

kô -

déga

pa dé yé -

kôprân

Here

He was

't

yo

-r

dé

mêm

ké -

yo fè -pa t-

di

fò

yo - ak

-

tout

Almâ

yo

gê

,

Yo

-pa ak .

yo

,

-

kapab voyé râfò fasil Alié pou tiré sou tout lòt koté Almâ

voyé grâ bato

ké

êvaziôâ pou lagé

.

yo

ki -

sou

pou té

rivé

âpil avió

tout koté lidé pou lagé débaké bôm tou sou tout ay trê dèyè Almâ riviè sou

bôm pô yo

alié

voyé âpil

-

té

Yo

Mê

jâ

.

Europe

to

impossible

an

for

HAITIAN

HALL )

a

,

]

,

,

30

.

, ,

a

of

.

to

in

to

no

so off

,

000 Germans who they had means a

a

to

,

.

is

get out and escape great That advantage for the Allies find har bor like that because that permits

all

,

unload the cannons and the other weapons easily Before Cherbourg they they took were them

.

obliged beach

land

everything

on

,

té -

yo

.

-l

sou

,

té -

yo

.

-

ak

débaké tout kânô tout lòt zam prâ Chèbou fasil Avâ aplaj oblijé débaké tout bagay

They cut were there

to

]

yo gê

kò

pèmèt

yo yo .yo

,

paské

sa

avâtaj pou Alié

they have gone inſland

a

-o -

,

-pa ( t-

-

okê

and

kilometers the distance from Port Léogane The Americans Prince big town advanced the rear with fine harbor called Cherbourg

to

,

,

-

sòti pou sové sa

jwên you rad

yo

,

30

-y

grâ

pou

kò -

sé -

yo

]

pou you

ak

yo la ,

vil - té . - Yo

(

30

ki .

-L

Sa

Almâ mwayê

width

.

épi

âtré trât kilomèt distâs Pòt Prês éogan Amérikê avâsé dèyè you grâ ou bèl rad rélé koupé Chèbou 000 trât mil

At

you

lajè

-

prâ

kilomèt

au 30 in

yo

( sâ ]

a

,

Alié

100

all

yo

Kou distâs pasé

fin

-l -yé

.

,

all 4

,

000 airplanes and more than 000 big boats without counting the other little boats too present the Allies have taken distance greater than 100 kilometers

the

on

,

French country and

them

.

]

Soon we shall the Allies attack them this place with 600 000 soldiers That will

go

in

. :

)

on

.

to

earth tries Everyone

.

words

these

to

31 ,

1944

on

,

listen

live with tries

earth

live with head well filled with knowledge not the time for This act like crazy people not wish understand what century this

to

,

in

't

A

. up

dirty in

A

stand

it .

in

walk correctly

to

person

A

hygiene

.

of

a

is

It

century

without cleanliness will not be able

.

.

pròpté

Moun

maché korèk

dâ sâ -

ijièn

sièk

-

ou

kapab

la

-

p

-y

ap - Sé

it .

be

beauty

able

to

can

of

is a

It

-

live

. it .

an

is

-

ap

p

da . .

century

will not

person

la -

kapab rézisté

Moun sal

-

boté

sièk

century

enlightened

stupid person

.

you

It

ap

.

dâ

Sé -

-

la

viv

-p

you sièk ékléré Moun sòt

-

Sé

.is

.

to

yé

to

a a

us

-

).

is

(

a

to

tèt

.

,

,

(

intelligence

bié -

-

sa viv -a

lè

-

,

.

-

August

Haitians Everyone

pou nou mété plê moun fou pa vlé kôprân kis ièks

â

for the Germans

Thursday

ap

-

-

pa

sou

get big cannons

see

avèk

latè you avèk

yo

. Sé -

viv

Tout moun

yo

ap

- .

-a

,

êtélijâs

-

sou latè

1944

has

inside

and the other weapons

.yo

Tout moun

chaché pou

chaché pou

Ou

31

sa

kouté paròl

Aisiê

Jédi

of

.

2

Issue

That

it

.

is a

difficult for

to

yo .yo

sâ

-

of

â

-

big square

badly From

two rivers they

000 Germans remain

300

74

de

completely

have

call the Seine and the Loire

made

mil Almâ

(

,

Allies

all bridges

,

[

2

Sa

.

,

lòt é -

yo-

zam

600 000 toûnê mal pou

va -

The

difisil

ataké

(MEMOIRS ,

ASSOCIATION

stroyed

sé -

]

ak

-

avèk

Sa -a

.

wè Alié

sis

n -a

lè

-a -

koté solda -

Frâs

-

karé

jwên gro kânô

Tout nâ

péisâ

(

,

grâ

yo

pou

mil Almâ rété

twa

300 000

you

â

ké

yo

fin

pô

Alié yo détwi tout lariviè rélé laSèn épi laLwa

dâ fè de ]

ANTHROPOLOGICAL nâ -

AMERICAN

212

of

.

News

.

Mélô

The

Region

of

Of

.

on in

in

Fô -

Nouvèl Réjiô

. 25 ,

of

,

of

-

7

Fô

. 12 .

From Zétwal Mélô issue Nov 1948 The wedding speeches showing the intermixture especial interest reproduced here are Creole speeches made and standard French formal occasions

Fond

.

Melon

Mariaj

.

Wedding

.

,

21

place

.

-

the

at

:

la

nòs

-

marên

, .

Sunday November Silo chapel near the Unesco Center the Pierre Louis post The people who were best man and

took in

-a

ak -

parên

té -

ki

Moun

.

of

It is

with pleasure we announce the wedding Mr Solvès Henri with Miss Andréla Alette The wedding on

Dimâch chapèl Silo

bò

-

Madmwazèl

Lwi

-

-

mwa novâm sât Linesko Pòs Piè

mariaj

-

nâ

.

21

nâ la

Msié Solvès Âri avèk Âdréla Alèt Mariaj

anôsé

fèt

pou

té -

plézi

.

Sé -

avèk

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

sé -Msié Téodat Nwèl ak -Mad mwazèl Destina Piè . Nòs - la té - gêyê châs pou - Doktè Métro té -Mabial dat

sa- a , paské li té -prâ té-marié -a yo .

pòtré

tunate in that Dr . Métraux was at that date , because he took the portraits of the people who got married . The “ Fond -Melon Star ” offers

its

.

Speech

Mme

and

Solvès

.

Mr

.

to

.

best wishes

Man

the Best

.

-

.

ak

of

gro

Msié

fè

kôplimâ Madam Solvès you Diskou Parên Na Mésié dam lakópâgni -

bridesmaid at the wedding were Mr. Théodate Noel and Miss Destina Pierre . The wedding party was for

Marbial on

Zétwal Fô -Mélô ” voyé

“

ki

moun

213

I

I

,

.

[? ].

to

of

to

.

as

,

.

.

.

,

't

I

.

at

,

to

it

us

].

is ?[

,

a

,

ba

-

Of

.

to

.

!

I

.

.

,

my

this

Solves but the good Lord my heart Only we

in

,

of

I

to

to

am

I see

say

nephew

to

a

do

he

.

its

us

a

us

is

is

.

to

,

see

.

[ lit .

).

, ]

it

[

that when little bird wishes lay eggs builds nest first That my nephew what makes what can order not be ashamed This boy you very hard there working boy That what makes have confidence that Solvès will not disappoint make ashamed us

.

rôt

gêyê

what

in

gasô

nou

people who have come here

marriage

is

,

ti - .

-

Ti - -

fè

névé

of

sees

,

vlé

-

dâ

ki

fè

sé

pa

- li

sa

-

fè

cannot tell you

pôn

mô

rôt

you

nou

kè . mê dé -

-

di

di

sa

- -

pa dâ

ti -

-

ki ,

sa la a

-

.

Sé -

ap -

-

ké Solvès

p

.

wè

nou

zwazo

Sé

. sa

lè

ki

li

nou

âpil

mwa

you

avâ kapab pou

fè

li

sa

li fè

-

,

sa a

nâ

-

m

Jé

mô -

-

sé -

Sèlmâ nou wè

travayâ

Ladies and gentlemen very happy see the number

,

ki

Jé -

isit

véné

mizi sèt mariaj pou vwar

bokou

névé Solves bô Dié wè

kôfjâs

receive our friends

Discourse The Old Gentleman Who Represented Father Solvés

dam

swi kôtâ

gasố

present because too long advice My friends prayer makes our eyes passing the time time for is

.yo

-

li

-â

.

Mésié

nich

as

-g

sa

-

a

.

jé

la -

Papa

Réprézâté

Solvès

moun

you should look

Solvès

your mother Sister Derzélie You Mr Solvès you should look upon Mr Tiloriant and Mme Tilori you look upon your father and ant your mother give you more can

begin

Ki

Tôtô

pou nou

dat

kômâsé résévwa zâmi Diskou

pa

Mé

pasé

-

tâeâ

,

ap

,

zâmi

fè

lapriè trò lôg

.

-

ou

paské

nou krochi

li -

,

.

Mwê yé

ou

ak -

ou

mâmâ plis moral kou

pi

ou

sé -p

,

ak -

-

papa

believe that

Mme

You upon

ou adé Ou mêm msié Solvès Tiloriâ Madâ Tiloriâ kou wè

Msié

her child

gadé

,

pou

. sé -

madâ Solvès kòmè Dèzéli kou mâmâ mêm

am

-m

jâ

.

-

-â

sé

, .

Ou

-

a

li -

- ké m -

m -

-a

sa

di

Jodi mwê nou mwê kôtâ pou wè kòmè Dèzéli chwazi témwayê nòs pitit pou Mwê kwè fami vini lôjé

I

ki

-pa

,

,

of

Ladies and gentlemen the com pany Today cannot tell you how happy see that Sister Derzélie has chosen me witness the wedding

AMERICAN

214

n -ap - lévé vè -Madâ Solvès .

Sé-pou -tèt â -lònè

Msié

sa ak

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

It

nou

is for this

glasses in

we

reason

Mr.

honor of

our

raise

Mme .

and

Solvès . Résèpsió

:

Reception

kafé , kola , likè, bôbô

ak -pê. Aprésa , rouj pwa diri ak . Tout evité - a yo vât plê.

coffee ,

:

cola

,

liqueur ,

candy

bread . After that, rice and

red

All the

.

guests were well fed

Didactic Material . 7 .21 . Popular Broadsides and Educational Songs . 1. This material is part of a printed broadside entitled En manière cices de lecture (“ As Reading Exercises ” ) :

and

beans .

7 .2 .

lavé, pasé ,

Ti- fi ki pa -kônê

lavé , pasé,

Little girl who doesn 't wash , pass by , Go to your mother 's house ; Little girl who doesn 't wash , pass by , Go to your mother 's house .

Alé kay mâmâ ou

Angélique !

's house.

in

'll

be

Big

people hear well hygiene you follow

you

If

sâté

.

.

Go to your mother ' s house Song About Hygiene

-âap -

-

Go to

Oh

your mother

Oh Angélique ! Oh Angélique !

biệ

n

suiv lijiền

n

Si

-n

Gro pèp tâdé

Angélique !

Oh

.

sou

Alé kay mâmâ ou . Âjélik -o ! Âjélik -o ! Alé kay mâmâ ou . Âjélik - o ! Âjélik - o ! Alé kay mâmâ ou . Ijièn 2 . Châsô

;

Ti- fi ki

'exer

Angélique .

us

.

pa -kônê

,

Âjélik

d

;

health

And clean your mouth

us

,

;

it

on

't

If

ravay mouch

fly

Everywhere For many sicknesses

Ka âpil maladi Sé

li

sou

tou

-

pa

-

-ap

Si Pa n n -m

maché

Big people hear well Before you eat wash your hands Don eat anything you see flies walking

,

âjé lavé mê nou mâjé âye

Avâ

wè mouch

soap

, .

't

Don neglect Eat quietly

biệ

-n .

Mâjé dousmâ Gro pèp tâdé

Tou

and evening

;

aswè églijé savo

;

ak -

Morning

,

fè

Pa -n

Matê

every morning

Bathe

-

É

Bêyê chak mate twalèt bouch nou

Go

us

get

early

in

early

up

;

,

sleep

morning

, ,

-

matê

;

-

grâm

to

.

-n

-n

,

lévé

; .

Dòmibonè

of

Are the work the Big people hear well Three drinks are enough for one day Keep your health

-t

biệ Twa grog asé pou you joûnê Kôsèvé sâté

Gro pèp tâdé

the

HAITIAN

HALL )

215

CREOLE

Ouvri pòt nétwayé

Open the door , clean

Pou - solèy âtré .

For the

.

- Théophile Salnave .

Téofil Salnav .

—

,

sun to come in

7.22 . From Istwa Péi dĀiti, an elementary history text, by F . Louis Desroches ( Port -au -Prince , n . d . (1946 ]) . The three chapters reproduced here

deal with the arrest and death of Toussaint and the departure of the French from Haiti.

li

kôdui

1.

- Blâ yo té -mété véyé Tousê rèd .

Mê Tousê té -rété fèm nâ - tout ap -okipé lakilti sèlmâ .

li ,

malè

the revolt of 1803

'

Toussaint

L Ouverture

,

Arrested

To France . The whites had set a strong watch

They Take Him

Toussaint . But

over

Toussaint had

his misfortunes agriculture with

all

to

give the

wealth was bringing this was him

,

,

that

work

.

a

the land

His

farm

well cultivated much money But Leclerc was afraid Toussaint the colony that was what made

;

.

wanted

fine example in

in

,

-

people is

yé ,

-

li té

sa

la

-

nâ té

-sé

.

of

;

to

a

,

embarked

boat they

a

foot

him

on

,

There

.

board

they

on a

rope

trap

they made

on

him

ar

him

,

for him they caught him travel Gonaives to

yo

rested

.

fè

li

La

LA

one day decide have Finally they prepared

him

,

-

li

fè yo

yo ,

.

rél

in

nâ

pè

-

li,

sou kòd

té -

-

KRÉOL

prâ

paré

é

pié

lafé

A

.

-l

li,

-

prâ

yo -

ki

-

fè té

Tousê you jou

you bato

bò

-l

. a-

âbaké

a

rout Gônaiv

yo

fè

-

arété

,

-

-a

désiziô pou you pièj pou

sa

;

Léklè sé

Mê

koloni

3

.-

.

-l

TOUSSAINT

you

latè tout richès Abitasiô bić kiltivé rapoté âpil laja

ravay

-ap

-t

nâ

bèl égzâp t-

vlé bay pèp

TOUSÊ ké

2

.—

.

remained firm in busying himself alone

,

arétéYo

Louvèti

' Ouverture ,

all

Tousê â - Frâs.

L

LA CRÉ

called

in to

he

is

it

only the but you didn take

't

took (

,

.”

.)

,

another boat

LE HÉROS

When

Haitien

was

(“

to

board

Cap

THE

going

on

HERO

him

he

:

called ].

they

”

té

li sé - :di : -)

,

a

,

-

-ap

mê kônê

biê

rélé

left behind

had

They took they put him

on

he

,

bò yo yo -a

,

-

0

-1

âbaké

sé -

prô

, Lè l-

.

Nou

Kap

lòt bato âkò môté

-

-

“

LÉ ÉRO

m

Yo

.— bò

5

-

a

you

,

,

.”

Fortunately

the heart The heart was Dessa C hristophe lines Pétion and the other generals

mênê

of

fun

,

you

,

head

“

swered

:

- , : li té

sé -

who had arrested him making was him said him Yes brother we succeeded taking you today TOUSSAINT an “

,

-

lòt jénéro

The captain

:

-ap

t

la

-a

(

.”

,

Kè

.)yo

,

té -

nou

sèlmâ nou prâ

Kristof Pétiô

kité dèyè

-l -

“

- a. kè -a la ”

sé -

-

pa

“

Désalin

Wi frè

TOUSÊ répôn

é

li

,

-

ou

-l

mété bétiz jodi réisi prâ Érèzmâ ké tèt prâ mê nou

arété

di li :

té

ki

nâ

4

.—

.

OLE Kaptên

You have taken me

“

:

,

said

that you have Liberty only cut down the tree Domingue Saint Its root there very much will grow again for well

but know

in

,

is

it

is

.

,

it

very

-

."

74

,

board

of

-

l-

, he

, Sê

pousé âkò

a

,

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

bwa Libèté

la

-

.

li

-

la

koupé nou koupé Domêg Rasin paské biê vivâ

nâ

pié

AMERICAN

216

'

L

,

a

it

so

]

,

[

on

he he

on

,

." it

of

old

.

68

' L

.

:

:

. .

'

L

in

Hai

May

on

in

at .

Arcahaie

1803

they

estab Domingue

-

again

St .

,

slavery

.

TOUSSAINT

ported

re -

whites had de

When the French lished

But that did not last All the Haitians put

.

the

army gathered

]

;

,

18

1803

they

the French flag

;

the middle

of

.

on

'

in

the

and RED remained Since that date the Haitians have had Flag like Nations The Haitian Flag BLUE AND RED

.

.

a

,

.

BLUE

all

.

Aisiê

sé -

Drapo

Dépi

Drapo

L

at

May

.

nâ -

-

officers

Arcahaie

is

.

-

É

in of - .

18

All the

rété

gêgnê you

.

-

ROUT

la

té -

ki

ROUJ

-

É

Aisiê

té -

,

-a

sila

kou tout Nasió

BLÉ

Dessalines and Pétion organ the struggle Dessalines was named General Chief

made the Haitian Flag Dessalines pulled out the white cloth which was

fè

,

,

BLÉ

-a

frâsé

dat tâ

yo

3 .—

1803

their heads to this time they revolted

again ized

Tout ofisié lamé réini Lakaé Drapo Aisiê Désalin raché twèl blå mitâ drapo

Mé

and

[

-

nômê

,

,

yo

Désalin

gether

.

-

lit

Désalin

.

-

â

Pétiô òganizé jénéral chèf

âsâm

ak

.

soulvé âkò

.

-a

fwa

la

sa

yo

—

Tout Aisiê mété tèt

.

2

.

.

made

flag

Haitians revolt

in

diré

slavery

establishes

.

,

18

Sê -

fin

-

té -

sa

.

té

rétabli lésklavaj âkò pa

yo

,

Mê

Domêg

.

France

dépòté

TOUSSAINT

our memories

Saint Domingue -

Lakaé

die

re -

Domêg

.

Lè

.

-

1

TOUSÊ

Frâsé

. .

THE BLACKS never

tian

blâ

it

; a

was glory for the Black Race There fore too they called him LEADER

.

lésklavaj

was very

purpose

He died the 7th years He was TOUSSAINT OUVERTURE 1803

,

té -

.

Se fèt

.

Mé 1803

18

-

lé

révolté

in in

de

die There was too that really under sorrow and bad

might

There

,

yo té -

Sé -

.

-

âkò

Drapo Aisiê

LaFrâs mété

a

in

died

"

did

,

-

Li 7

).

Joux

OF

mémwa nou

OUVER

France they shut place they called

they

Fort

will Aisiê

arrived prison

cold

you

TOUSÊ

-

nâ

p

.

-

PRÉMIÉ DÉ NWA

ap - -l:

-

â

Li

.

så

LOUVÈTI

mouri

him

April

glwa pou laRas Nwa Osi tou jâm

TOUSSAINT

When

TURE

treatment

.

-

(

twa

å

wit

swasât

]

68

mil wit

TOUSÊ

fè

dé -

li

1803

]

té -

gêgnê

rélé

té

kapab ba

-y

-

nâ

-l

sèt avril

.—

La

éspré pou

(

chagrê

7

ou kacho you

tou mouri réèlmâ movè trètmâ mouri

.

mouri (

té fè "

-

ak Sé - -la

,

yo

frèt âpil

Fò

rélé

té

yo

koté

fèmê

rivé

-l Jou - ”. -té

Lè yo

-

,

Frâs

-

â

.

6

.”

alive

LOUVÈTI

TOUSÊ

217

,

an

of

.

in

,

on

;

worms The fever fell General Leclerc too and he died epi The sickness turned into demic The Lord had seen we had suf Every battle we fered too much fought we beat the French an

.

]

[

.

18

,

,

off

the

La -

hats

to

Mort

.

of of

November

their

Capois

General

Saint Domingue The Haitians beat the French everywhere was General Rocham

of

at

;

it

.

-

French whites leave

beau who was the head the whites army The Haitians beat the badly that they were French obliged take refuge Vertières

.

in

a

.

,

in

the day

of

on

(

and

)

; ,

he

,

all battles

he

La -

that battle his best The whites themselves were dumbfounded before that fellow The Haitians took gave

.

nâ

-

of

front

.

.

Fòa

prâ

Fort which was near The Haitians attacked General Capois whom they called Capois Mort because he was not afraid death was always the Vertières was

Cap Haitien

in

li

,

ké

-K

.

O

bò

li

Aisiê

.yo -a

sila

Frase

yo té -

-yo

,

.

-l

gasô mê

na -

dévâ

,

sa -a

,

li

pè

-

té - -

yo

-pa té - té

Fò

sé li . -

yo

.-

-a

2

ap you Vètiè ataké Jénéral Kapwa paské rélé Kapwa LaMò toujou dévâ lâmò bay tout tout batay jou batay râdmâ Blå mêm rété bèbè Aisiê

it .

ki

to

go

so

.

'

.

yo

kalé frâsé réfijié Vètiè

al

.

,

-

yo

yo

-a -

té

ki

tou latèt

Vertières

.

.

yo

.

-

-

Battle

1803 Whites take bravery

-pa

Sé

Dômêg

té

Aisiê blijé

. té -

ké

yo

blâ

tèlmâ

yo

lamé

Blá

-

28

yo

Blâ Frâsé kité

sé -

tou

1803

Jénéral Kapwa

Aisiê bat frâsé jénéral Rochâbo

-

, 1.

.

LaMò

Novâm

dévâ bravou

this

.

,

.yo .

té -

fè

-

té

po

Batay Vètiè wété cha

But

was our favor yellow The Lord helping attack fever fell the whites they died like

.

.

té -

-a

-

.

5

Maladi toûnê you épidémi Bô Dié wè nou soufri tròp Chak batay nou nou kalé Frâsé -

again

.

The war began

time everything on

yo

-

tô bé yo ,

-

,

li

tou

you

sou

la

vè .

.

-

â

CREOLE

tout

favè nou Dié édâ grên lafièv jòn tôbé sou blâ mouri kou Lafièv jénéral Léklè mouri

-

té -

fwa

sa

.

-

.

4

Mê

Lage réprân

bagay

, a,

HAITIAN

HALL ]

the

hands

the

,

,

A

The French

!

“

:

despite

, ,

. ;

!"

!

whites

,

They shouted

Rochambeau

:

bravery

Bravo

.

such

Bravo

!"

before

!

-

him

were amazed they were dumbfounded “

!”

Li

.

La -

-

on

,

of

whites saw more firm ward Onward

,

frâsé

:

in

his

yo

bullet killed the that the Negro standing the still shouting Onward On

under

you

-

hand

saber horse

!

“

It

, la

-

,

!”

!

Yo

fè

.

Capois was General Mort bravest the brave who was direct ing the battle his gray horse his

krié

bravou krié Bravo Bravo voyé Rochåbo kômâdé sispân tiré Kapwa LaMò kôp you ofisié alé limâ

.

rété bèbè dévâ

- blâ

sa

rèd âkò

avâ Ân avâ

-

Ân

!

yo

You boulèt

magré

â

la

-

, Ân -

“

avâ

sézi parèy

li .

mê

sab

tué chwal wè nèg doubout

-

chwal gri

Blâ ap

ap ba li -d -l , nâ pi -

-

La

jénéral Kapwa Mò brav irijé batay sou t-

-

dé brav

- li, ki la

.-

3

Sé

.

from

of

the Fort French

com

AMERICAN

Aprè batay - la , jénéral Rochâbo

4. —

voyé

Kapwa -LaMò kado dé chwal

fè

Li

li

voyé nâ - ékiri avèk kômisiô sa - a : “ chwal yo pou - râplasé sila ki mouri - a , ké - li té - tué à - ba

manded the shooting to stop . He sent an officer to give his compliments to Capois -La -Mort .

After the battle , General Rocham beau sent a gift to Capois - La -Mort , of two horses from his stable , with this message : “ He was sending the horses to replace the one which had died , the French army was sorry that had killed under such brave sol dier it

you brav solda

sa .”

kÔ -

ké-lamé frâsèz régrèt

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

for

218

.”

a

been

a

,

to

,

When the battle was finished the whites left the fort they went back Cap Haitien After few days there

.

gê

a

,

-pa té - fò -

.

Sê -

.

O

- -

yo

,

la

-

-

.

yo 5

Batay fini blâ kité Kap Apré kèk jou râtré Dômêg blâ âkò nâ

Saint by

.

in

no

were whites any longer Domingue

!,

?

.

La

in

is

an

;

-

English

translation

.

-

sé

pis

, plê tout vis

,

,

té -

ki

.

-

,

gâgnê léspri

Gnou chê mòn

-

',

-

toutt

tout

viân

,

-

-

li .

nâ

té -

jé

,

-

,

!,

:

.

-

Wâ

"

“

-pa

vâsé tou

Li

fwa Lòt

la

sèlmâ mété difé nâ boug prâ grôdé dé

.

pa

gro

la

,

pi

,

,

klè

li

, ki ,

lèd

,

, -la

dlo

-

Li

Pi

, :

.

lòt

-

pati

.

Li vâsé

.

Gnou fwa

,

.

.

là

.

dé

-

,

;

nâ

bò

.

li

grondé

Gnou fois fois Lott pas pati vancé lott vancé tou

Li

gé

,

.

,

pa

fé

Li di

.

nan prend

;

Houan

wè

Gnou lòt chê vòlè Avèk moso mâjé gro gou pasé

!

-

là

Ça sèlment mété Sang boug

gros

li

,

,

pi

,

Pi

laidd vòlè Avec moceau mangé goût passé gros

clè ,

,

-

d

là

té

,

chien

-a

Gnou matê Avèk moso viân Rivé lariviè

, t’

' la -

bò

Li

Gnou lott

kou Bouki pé kouri gyol

sòt

, tâ t -

Mê

bô té -

Bouqui

apé couri Gnou bon matin Avec moceau viann nan guiol Rivé riviè qui ouè nan leau

Sâ Sa

sott tancou

,

qui

té -

Main

ki

',

viç

té

.

,

chien mòn

plein

kwè lõbraj

chế gagne pa

',

Mê

toutt pas gagnin lesprit

qui

Chê

Tout

ki

,

l'

viann

piç

gangnin

Toutt chien Main Gnou

ombraj

.

qui couè

Chien

cé

.

transcription

-

in

.

,

's

McConnell Laubach

in

transcribed follows

of

,

-

in

in

a

).

by

of

(r

of

. .

:

a

7 3

Literary Material fable taken from the collection Cric Crac Sylvain eproduced by permission Mme Suzanne Sylvain Comhaire These fables free paraphrases those Fontaine were written Gallicizing orthography The one reproduced here Sylvain given Sylvain spelling and the left hand column the right hand column re

Georges

HAITIAN

sauté

ti- insolent- là ; temps , li mété jappé . . . . viann ! Ni pa li, ni pa

Nâ -kolèt

Nan colett En mainm

.

dlo

,

yo

sa

kô -

, ,

fè

Sa

lòt -

la

la

!

-

té

fè

yo ,

Y

.

Lò -

.

-pa

,

? ”

“

Lâmou pati

.”

all

!”

Madâm

,

,

li :

,

yo

yo

,

,

,

, ? ”

yo

yo

Lanmou pati

"

,

trò a -

!

yo ,

' “

Madanm

fini bouké nèt

Chaché lâmou tou tou Bò Madâm vini Mâdé Koté lâmou

vini

Côté lanmou

:dit

:

li

Bò

Madanm

ki li,

-

té

,

'

yo

fini bouqué nett Chaché lanmou tout patout

Mandé

biè frèt

wè

gnou bèt toujou rivé Moun saf métié Kité kay Madâm pou alé kouri kaskanèt

saf qui fait métié pou Madanm

cay

krab

mêm

allé couri cascannett

Lò '

Y

Quitté

sak

là

,

li

,

li -

qu trò 'a

ça

Moun

. . .

Li -

,

Sans sac crab ouè lott gnou bett Cété mainm qui toujou rivé Cé

"

là

pèdi pié

Kà Mouché sòti

frett

:di

ni

con

bien

,

. ..

fait

Mouché soti

Lênmi li , tout plôjé nâ apé fân dèyè Kô

ça

t'

Li .

pèdi pié

Quand

Agyo

.

li

yo ,

apé fann dèyè

li

Con

'

d leau

tâ

ki

' ennmi li , toutt plongé nan Ça

L

, limété japé . . . viân ! Ni- pa li , ni- pa

-

 mêm

Sé - Sâ - Sé sa té k - li

Aguio

Fou ,

ti - êsolâ -la ;

t-

, li

Con gnou dévorant

Li kyoulé; lòt fè kô li . . . Kô- gnou dévorâ , li soté

Fou ,

li . . .

con

ni -

fait

219

yo

Li quioulé ; lott

CREOLE

,

HALL )

,

at , ,

,

!"

once

That alone twice The too .

, .

Grrrr

“

growl

:

started

-

)

,

his

food bigger and tastier than to

He

A

.

he

,

[

.

,

.

a

of

piece with the fellow blood

's

as

as

in

of

in

he a

greedy

to

set fire

,

,

thievish

,

of

,

of

:

,

Translation Every dog has fleas but not have sense hill dog who Bouqui one fine morning was stupid was full all vices but who was running along with piece meat his mouth When arrived the edge the river saw the water which was clear another dog ugly

at

to he

he

,

an

as

.

;

. ; . . at .

of ;

.

't

other ond didn leave He came ahead the other one came ahead He jumped backed off the other did like him Mad insane person

. . . .

as

],

at

[i

.e .

or

,

.

. ' . s, . .

,

,

,

he

!

-b

of

he

,

the neck the little insolent one the same time started bark ye enemy Good meat Both his and his all fell into the water Just he was rushing after them lost his footing Thus when our fine friend came out there quite cold without either sack crab with nothing all in

,

Our

the American

preparation

.

by

,

in

of

at

is

,

”

),

St .

.

version

The Gospel in

(“

-a

the

St .

"

from

of of

!”

,

:

is

taken

Luk ékri

published Christ which Luke wrote 1944 writing this Bible Society Other material the moment Jesus

are

,

go

Sê

-

,

Gospel

to

to

.

Bible

? ”

“

is

all

's

Text The following passage Évâjil Nòt Ségnè Jézu Kri

:

7 's .4.

Luke Lord

.

, to

a

,

of

's

That

!

the other was himself who was fool excessively greedy people who what will always happen leaving their wife house gadding about When they are the habit looking completely tired out over for love they come back their wife asking her Where love The lady answers Love has departed saw

,

a

,

74

(

In

.

to

.

,

of

.

,

to

,

,

. no

,

to

,

,

up

of

an

,

lit

:

I

to

the the city

born for you

,

is

all

of

,

,

joy

a

.

,

in

,

to

A

sign

an

good news

Lord And here you will recognize

the

will

, :

,

,

of

, of

the army heaven which came join the angel glorifying God saying

to

a

.”

a

a

in

,

,

up

:

you

Glory God the very high places and peace earth good will towards

,

on

in

to

nâ lé ro - - ,

trè

-

lié

bon volôté pou kité toûnê

everything

little child find manger lying wrapped throng And suddenly there was

“

-

nâ

-

lamé

rân glwa

-

-

Dié

nâ ap nâ

,

la

-âj

foul

yo ,

âj

,

latè

yo

Lè

a

“

:

sou

Glwa

-

,

!”

apé

zòm

gê

, vin

ki

la

-

É

-

-l

é

-

a

Dié apdi

you

jwên

to

to

.

in in

Lor

the

, .

be

Saviour

the Christ

under what

Him

sibitmâ

the

and the

because

piece

a

is

is

;

David

He

sièl

.

, up ,

a

in

ofof

.

afraid

you

which will give great people that today

of

krèch

to

“

- -

you

, it

, -

-

ki

-a

them

angel

them

fear took possession But the angel said them

Do not

nounce

jwên

va

glory

around the them Lound

a

,

ké ,

-

É

kouché

nâ

,

.” -ti

mê sou

nou

ki li

-

pitit vlopé

you

: . u

la lé - ,

,

rékonèt

va

sé lé -

nou

,

sign

Ségnê

godia

the hotel

flocks And behold Lord appeared before glory the Lord

is

bay .

--

sé va - va

té -

ki , ki

Pa -

-

jodi you grânouvèl kôtâtmâ you Sove lavil David Sovè fèt pou Kris

,

of

, ,

for them

There were that same country some shepherds who were passing the night guard their the country

.

, -

,

bay those tout

yo

pè

nouvèl

nou

of of

name taken with Mary his fiancée who was pregnant While they were

of

-

lé -

Ségnè kléré zalâ

âparé Mê paské mwê anôsé

-

nâ

you :yo bôbô "

you

é

,

nou

pèp

laglwa lapè

You

to

,

Nazareth Judaea the city David they called Bethelehem be cause he had come from the race and from the family David have his

to

.

sa -a

-

lé -

âj

nâ -

yo - .É

yo

di .

-âj -pèp la la la yo tou

go

went

have their names taken each their own town Joseph too from Galilee from the city

to

person

, ,

-

la

ki

nâ -

gê

ap

- Té -

t-

dévâ

count This

.

,

é

,

li

é li

went

room

péi kèk bèjé pasé nuit lakâpagn pou gadé troupo Ségnè parèt mê you mêm

earth

give birth there the day for Mary came and she had her first boy child She wrapped him and she put him manger for there was

-

-

lotèl

fè

la

jou

paské

,

ou krèch nâ

Mari

-l

Li

nâ , nâ

- nâ , -

-

ak

,

rivé vlopé

-a

.

té ak -

yo

.

nâ yo -y n

,

la

al

ras

-

fè

gasô

kouché plas pou

-

l gê

nâ

- té -

yo

té - t-

li

,

-

-tpa - -

Pâdâ

akouché

pitit

prémié

mété

nôl

prâ

âsêt

té té - -

, , ki

Mari

-l

fiâsé

pou

nâ -

la

nâ -

-

, la

-

li

pou

David

all the

first census was made while Quirinius Syria Everybody was governor

in

yo

nâ

.

t-

pa al

Tout moun nô chak moun lavil Jozèf tou môté sòti Galilé lavil pou Nazarèt Jidé lavil David rélé Bétléèm paské sòti fâmi

the inhabitants

lie

-

gouvènê laSiri

prâ

Jesus Christ this Caesar Augustus ap

peared which gave the order

to

.

té

sa -a

fèt

law

to

Prémié pâda Kiriniis

-

sâsmâ

Birth

up

pou kôté abitâ tout latè

The

time

of

,

-a

bay lòd

MEMOIRS

-

you

té - sa

ki tâ

-

.

-

Nésâs Jézu Kri Nâ lwa Séza Ogis vin parèt

of of

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

ré .yo fè té - -

220

AMERICAN

HAITIAN CREOLE

a

and Joseph

,

with the the manger After

.

child lying

in

Mary

they found

little

,

the Lord has told us of .” great hurry and

They went there

in

, what

pened

seen

him

told

them

,

they had they had

they told what about the little

Everybody who heard them was amazed what the shepherds were saying Mary took those words and she thought them over her heart And the shepherds went back child

in

,

all

glorifying God and giving for everything they had heard and everything they had seen agreement with and which was

,

their way

praise

,

God

in

formed

had

indicated

his mother

before womb

.

,

,

came the name the

circumcised

Jesus

he

angel

him

.

child was they called

on

,

to

they had announced them the eighth day which the

,

what When

's

-

vât

other : “ Let us go to Bethle let us see what has hap

and

at

yo

Bô yo

Jézu

,

-l

rélé

fòmé

-

pitit

-

jou

yo

li ,

vin rivé

sa é -

-

té

dakò avèk

tou

nâ

,

bay

tâdé

la

-

é

,

- di

yo

yo t-

li t- ap ap - al ap - di . fè

rout

,

be

.

répasé

uitièm

êdiké âvâ

-n -

yo

-

a

-

té sa -

ki

-

-

té -

nâ

la

mâmâ

nô

-a a. é -

,

yo

té

yo

-âj

-

-

té té sa

Lè

wè

Mari

toûnê

glwa Dié Dié louâj pou tou anôsé dwé sikósi

kité tâdé

é

-

E

kè

-ap-

rân -l.

nâ

yo , yo

sa

kêbé tout paròl bèjé

té

.

bèjé

té -

sa

Tout moun

-

sa la

itit

sézi

yo yo

-l

,

yo

fin

yo

-

té -p - ti

sou

to each hem

,

alé la

,

to Heaven

return

to

Yo

ak - Jozèf, ak -ti-pitit - la kouché nâ -krèch - la . Apré yo wè rakôté

Mari

é -yo jwên

, to the shepherds said

men !" When the angels left them

in

kônê -â .”

fè nou

rivé ,

ki

.

lé-Ségnè

sa

présé présé ,

Ânou -alé

“ sa

.

sièl- la , bèjé yo di ât-yo : jouk Bétléèm , é-ânou -wè

221

.

HALL )

was

VOCABULARY

C. 8.

VOCABULARY all

IT is our

CREOLE - ENGLISH

:

5 – 7

in

by

of

;

);

98

-

( .pp

,

6

in

;

,

-

by

I

71 in

words contained the following vocabulary McConnell Swan You Can Learn Creole the texts collected Métraux and reproduced the other texts reproduced intention to list in this chapter

in

),

of

-

of a

,

a

is of

be

at

.

a

,

of

as

a

is

of

. .

8 1

of

of

exhaustive account the lexical resources the language Adaptation very widespread procedure The French Words vocabulary present for the enrichment the Creole and French serves an

give

to

it is

.

;

to of

–

pp

.

's

by

(

of

.

A

and SCH and SCT number other words are listed Faine the glossary Philologie his Créole 197 320 but this material has been rendered unusable Faine capricious and unintelligible pseudo etymological orthog raphy The present chapter partial listing course only the vocabulary hoped that complete dictionary will be undertaken soon Creole

,

to

.

(

on

),

,

in

as

of - (

,

in

to

;

,

in

, Jr .,

. A .

In

.)

VIII

R

;

cf .

is

to

to

an

be

language from which nearly limitless learned borrowings may made thus providing almost entire second vocabulary for Creole draw The closely parallel situation that prevailing modern Italian with respect Descriptive Italian Grammar Latin Hall Ithaca 1948 chapter vocabulary only this we list such French loan words occur our predicting the Creole form text material aid such borrowings we

/

; by Fr . /

Cr .

>

'

Fr . /

,

, Fr . on / / ‘

daily

. :

,

In

.

in

enumerate here the main phonological and morphological adaptations made them when they are taken into Creole phonology French phonemes are normally replaced their closest Creole equivalents thus metod method métod kotidič

>

,

>

' '

,

;

- .Cr

, up

'

/

'

Fr . 'to / /

/

/w /:

>

. '

in

of

of

>

Fr . - Cr / .

' /'

;

; Cr . .Fr /

'

>

kwizin

.

Cr .

/y /

'

/

' /' >

/

'

Fr .

Cr .f ) by ;

>

, Fr . /

/

. Fr .

>

Cr .

.

in

'

/

'

cooking

/ :

Cr

>

5

fɔr

/ ; e/ ;

>

əl

Cr .

.

/

/

1

. Fr . 4,

'

phonemes listed The limitations the occurrence country šõpetr châpèt are thus the prēsipl principle prêsip fort Front rounded vowels are replaced the corresponding front unrounded vowels and pyblie publish piblié bøgle thus low bellow rəprãdr singer again béglé Cr šáter châtè take normally kyizin réprân But French Creole kitchen

kotidiê

general observed

.

form

Fr . ,

;

: e .g . Fr .

by

,

)

in

.

>

(

-

.

'

, ,

e .g

la

basic

'

'.

the further suffixation adjectives are

though not always borrowed their feminine unpleasant disagreeable Cr fachèz 222

Cr .

>

'

,

( of

is

';

/

'

to

in

as

' ,

semantic value shown larad the harbor

French

,

,

/

fašøz

'

/

. ) : , e e .g .g . . . Fr . no

>

'

element has

the Creole determinant

usually

/

to

'

/

/

of

the prefixed

in

,

In

as

the main adaptation observed

of

the use the French infini tive the base for the Creole borrowing verbs course with the normal phonological replacements preserve kɔserve kôsèvé pretãdr prétân claim Cr French nouns are frequently borrowed with the definite article prefixed larad harbor such instances however inflection

HAITIAN

HALL ]

CREOLE

223

of .

Thus :

tèt

tèt n

8 . 2 . Vocabulary . The normal order of each item is : Creole word (italicized ) ; part of speech (abbreviated — cf. 5 . 0 — in small capitals ) ;meaning , in English ; idiomatic phrases or clausular expressions containing the word in question .

of

is

, if

or

a

.

If

as

if

in

-

:

.

ve

-)

(

. .

:

;

as

.

in

of

of

, :

e its g

IV

,

in

,

;

head cause reason PREP PHR pou because Verbs are listed parentheses their simple form with the root indicated the verb jwi Vjwis enjoy Class word functions two more parts speech various functions are given under separate number headings necessary with separate English glosses and separate listing phrases and clausular expressions The latter are usually arranged the following order phrases containing the word their head predicate and clausular expressions

. .

.

.

,

,

to go

be

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

. .

ADJ allied

.

.

.

.

2

n

.

ADJ German

as .

.

,

in

.

amuse

amusement

.

fun

.

)

(

vb

vs

amizmâ

to

.

furnish weapons improve better proportion amézi SUBORD arm

,

.

hurry

light

match

amélioré amizé

.

(

,

:

. 2 .

N

n

vb

.

ally

n

.

adjust

agitate shaké

)

go

,

alé

of

,

go

VB

.

1

.

!

.

présé rush

then

ADV

VB

.

1

alimé alimèt

amé

tease

as

.

n

vb

alé

.

of

by.

,

.

alié

PHR

com

away

;

.

.

.

n

. of

,

of

dint

alò

agriculture good ye -b

,

n

. of

. .

.

-

n

.

vb m

CL n

-

M

ve

deed

ADJ comfortable

almâ

alas

,

ajité

VB

ajisté

cl

n

agiyônê

agrikilti

vegetable

chameleon

agyé

agyo

n

,

kind

,

agé

because

SUBORD because

fit ,

n

afyo

agâmâ

action

depart away plement another verb

alèz

business

PREP

a

2

. 1.

afòs

a

address thing matter

n

afè

accident

active person alariè Adv backwards surroundings alâtou aksiônè

address

n

adrès

aksið

admiration plant kind

.

adrésé

with bed give

accept admit

vB

.

aksidâ

adopt worship

adoré

scow

accompany brought

birth

buy

VB VB VB n

adogwé adopté

.

vi ,

n

akouché aksépté

admirasiố

accuse

akôpagnê

dress

vi admit

admèt

:

,

akô

barge

VB

ac -

,

vs

ak -

.

.

VB

be

.

vo vs

achté

lit or .

of '

,

yo

.

, . ,

accustom

PREP with

akizé

customed abiyé

the indication REFL

with

. .

;

;

in

at

,

n

n

abitwé

,

abitié

the verb

ajouté vb add

with

farmer peasant custom habit

n

abitid

form

farm

n

abitasiô abitâ

to

.

abajou

a

.e .

in

about lampshade

VB

')

PREP

e .g

-

Q

yo (i

e g

, . .

to

.

are listed the simple réfijié REFL take refuge

selves

is

in

,

;

of

the same type phrases predicates and clauses which the word not the Reflexive expressions those used with direct indirect object referring réfijié refuged them they took refuge the agent

head

.

.

)

.

up

.

. .

of

:

)

3

.

2

in

;

. of . ân - to

(

,

.

go

. . .

.

.

;

.

.

.

2

vb 1.

. .

n

. .

n

.

.

,

.

.

,

. .

.

trouble

.

hinder

;

;

engage

trouble

, .

undertaking

; .

promise

.

.

;

vs

)

èz

trouble Ady English âglé âgoudi benumb grow numb

2

VB VB

. .

1

n

Ads

in

.

1

.

2

-

to

âgajmâ

(-

.

to

as ,

.

.

even

-a

: .

N

.

,

as

PREP far attack

to

ve

-

â

.

.

at

, .

VB

aswè

sleep

place

n

.

,

,

be

âgajé

plague pester

PHR

kiss

sickly

fas EXOC PHR opposite áfourayé misplace

associate

night this evening

on

,

,

embrace

. .

n

, .

.

.

,

,

.

n

vs vs

insure

board

ambition VB

.

.

âbracé

audience those present present attend

evening

n

(- VB vb in VB )éz .

-

â

.

.

,

.

in

that

âdwa

aswè

n

n

to

.

;

,

vb

.

.

âbisiô

order

assure

astikoté

ata

âbisié

put

embarrass puzzle irritate vex ADJ ambitious

assurance insurance

asisté

atak

embark

ábrizi adj broken put âdòmi

asistâs asosié

oats

.

n

n 2

n

asiré

lawyer

April

PREP

âbété

enough

ADV

plate

VB n

asiròs

ADV with give notice

airplane

âbarasé

murder

asèlfê SUBORD asièt

avril

abaké

VB accept

asépté

warn

avwan

murderer murderess

.

1

asé

n

( k )

.

.

avið

arrest stop paralyze arrowroot

asasiné

forward

salary

n

VB n

asasê

encourage

ADJ blind PREP

avoka

the point

for

adventure

avèg

avèti

. . . .

that apwêtwa

PHR

front

time

đoà

advantage

avâti avè

.

,

SUBORD

SUBORD

advance

n

.

PREP after

CPD

PREP PHR

vs advance VB

.

. .

VB N

-

ké

-

a

pwê

arété

PHR

avâtaj

afternoon aprouvé approve apsâ ADJ absent away apsolimâ adv absolutely

arourout

Exoc

avâsé

vegetable

PREP

with reference

before

avâtajé

. 2 .

VB

.

1

midi

ADV

,

.

,

ve

cheer

.

n

applause

kind

a

-

.

,

, ) .

ve

(

VB

avâs

applaud

CPD

ward ahead

perceive

aplodi vaplodis aplodismâ cheer apouyé rely aprân learn apré ADV next apré

âvâ

.

n

n a

of

game kind aparèy instrument apépré Adv about approximately apèsi

,

n

.

atò

, -m

it

't

isn

?

. . .

apali

hitch adv then

,

avâ

atlé

vB

atò

that

1 . ADV

article

pull attract

bô

. apart, aside , privately . 2. INTERR . PARTICLE

antô n beetle

apa

.

vb

atiré

atik

ve (n

anôsé VB announce .

attack

artichoke ewspaper

n

ataké atichò

1 .

:

ané n year . animal n animal .

n

amou n love .

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

N

AMERICAN

n

224

HAITIAN

HALL ]

.

( Vbar - ) bar .

bay . 2. VB — see , down (ward ) . ADV PHR , PREP PHR : ô -ba below , under (neath ) .

âgrosi vb make pregnant . âgwé vs obstruct ; infatuate .

3.

âhâ M - CL aha ! indeed !

angel.

bab n beard

âkò adv again , still ; besides ; extra . âkourajé vb encourage . âmè

babyé VB grumble , gripe. badin

ân - atâdâ EXOC PHR meanwhile

ânik Adv only . ânuiyé , ânwiyé vb annoy . â péché vb hinder . âpil AdJ much , many , plenty

.

âployé vo marry

.

bagas n bagasse

,

N clerk

.

ADJ

stubborn

,

bariè bas

ancient .

.

n

,

bato n

batimâ

PHR

.

bay VB give

Adj hoarse .

, be

cate ; bay fòm model ; bay kou hit ; bay lajā bribe ; bay lòd order ; bay

eager .

mâti

see äryê

nouvèl

yawn

.

bayé

vb

)

;

stocking

b

-)

Vbat

tell falsehood

bay

bay

em

inform

ploy

) (

a

N

.

1

ba

.

; (as complement of an

.

âyê

.

desire

.

âwé

vb

stockings .

other verb ) for , to . VB PHR : bay démisiô resign ; bay êstriksiô edu

lie

âvâ — see avâ

gate .

, vessel.

batwè n bat , beater .

âtré VB enter . âvai vi invade . âvi , lâvi

boat , ship

n

boat.

batô n staff , rod , stick PREP

in

batèz n egg - beater.

, hinder . 2.

; put

.

baté VB provide with

PHR

hinder

beat ; defeat , conquer , over come. VB PHR : bat bravo applaud .

âtouré VB surround .

across

pool

vi

bati vb build .

EXOC

.

barrel .

burial. âtié ADJ entire , whole ; thorough . âtouraj n circumference ; fence .

1.

,

batay n battle .

âtèmâ n funeral ,

â - travè

,

stop

bayè n barrier

adj low .

bat

ât PREP between . âtéré VB bury .

âtravé vb block

;

catch

basê n basin

âswit ADV afterwards . âtété

vb

.

bad position .

barik

;

tray .

2 . VB sweep

balkô n balcony baré

.

âset ADJ pregnant . âsiê Ady old ; former

sugar cane .

bal n ball (dance ) . balâs n balance ; scale ( weight ) . balâsé vb balance , swing . balé 1 . n broom

. 2.

crushed

. 1. boat ; 2.

bak n lots of .

âpwazônê ve poison . â (r ) yê INDEF PRON nothing . âsâm ADV together . âségné VB teach

,

.

bagay n thing

.

use , employ

vB

jokester .

ring .

bag n

âpilé vb pile ( up ) . â pipèt Adj naughty . 1

n

badlékê n baldequin

ADJ bitter

â playé

low

);

n

ADV

;

âj

225

(

âgrè n fertilizer

CREOLE

travay

,

74

(

.

.

;

,

n

.

. .

.

)

(

.

;

. : 2 .

).

-

ke

n

n

.

.

to

be

. , .

n

vs

.

,

(

.

)

; .

n n

.

.

n

.

.

n

-

n

vB

.

;

;

up '.

,

VB

wait

.

, .

.

,

.'

.

;

.

,

, ,

offend

.

sore

.

- vb in -

kiss

.

.

n 2

n

.

.

, .

vo

n

.

.

.

PREFIX law stupid bobas ADJ foolish

,

.

of

flower

'

N

vB VB

wound hurt

wound

ADJ pale forget omit blié blòk block morning bmatê 1

.

.

kind

a

in -

law

white trash

CPD

ADJ blue tired

blésé

bo - bo

.'

',

,

CPD

bée

blame accuse

scold

be

.

.

.

,

n

‘ -

.

,

.

. mother

N

n

-

blé blâ

). -

stulti

n

, ox , ,

(

;

cow

.

n

n

pobâ

blêm

adj gawping bouche Adj beautiful lovely

-

linger

white person

blâmê

shepherd

bèl mè solèy

blâ N

.

want

.

,

vB

. 2.

n

.

1

need

blési

CPD

whiten

stood

::

.

or

act foolishly

beak

bèl mè

joke

blâch ADJ white

bèkèkè bèk

blad

n

.

;

; ;

talk

bèbèl ads smart pretty bèjé

stumble

N

.

.

.

ridicule

bovine animal bull AdJ mute struck dumb

n

bè n

ridicule

fied

bèk

office

ticket note bladder whistle

blayi

butter

bèbè

,

.

.

. ,

down diminish

.

n

concrete

bézwê

harmed

bicycle

biyé blag

cattle stupidity

bétizé

bèf

.

. .

VB

lower

bétô

desk

bité

eggplant

vs

n

bétiz

n

bétay

obliged

biskèt brisket bone biskwit cookie

profit

Adj foolish

béta

chisel

bisiklèt

go

vs

biro

bless

n

vs

bésé

birê

bellow

bacon profit

bénéfisié béréjên

.

,

low

n

bénéfis

béni

VB

of

.

vs n

békôn

guitar

Haitian

bégé VB stammer béglé

jewel n

.

a

n

kind

baby

n

bébé

oblige

baking soda bikabonat spoil get spoiled bimé ruined

banana bâza

bijé bijou

bânân

very

although

bureau

bifèt

n

fig

N

.

PHR

well

ADV

bê

PHR

( VB PHR

:

: . .

,

n

n

plantain

container

goods

Gallicism

troop

bay bân disport oneself bânân

.

n

.

group

library

SUBORD

abandon

band

purpose

canteen

1

biệ

.

,

fine

, .

ve

bâdônê

ve

,

n

.

elegant

bâdamâ adv elegantly bân

.

.

bi

.

,

.

,

bâda

1

2

.

,

.

,

VB

n

bidô

Adj handsome

bathe

aim

bibliotèk

enjoy oneself

feast bamboo

bâboché bâbou

bath

bêgnê

feast

N

bâboch

.

Vbét animal beast cattle ADJ stupid

.

n

bâ

n

bèt

bêgn

bazaar store bench seat

baza

beauty

bèlté

-)

.

-

N

-

giver

base

n

baz

CPD blow

MEMOIRS

n

.

—

see bariè

bay kou

n

bayè

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

(

226

AMERICAN

227

.up . :

.

N

,

a

.

.

,

, ,

.

.

.

.

3

. . 2 .

.

)

of .

(

(

.

).

.

.

,

21 )

.

.

.

,

,

,

1

(p

.

. 2 .

.

1

.

.

,

.

vo

n

.

.

,

.

a

.

vb

. -

, , .

. .

,

button

bud

.

ve

.

boil

.

abako

arse

.

.

arm

,

n

bra

brasé VB stir

brav ADJ brave

.

cotton

cloth

.

n

barbecue

brabâ

temper

.

,

;

, :

.

n

n

vb

store bud

broth buttocks

bouda n

bouyô

button

n

boutô

bottle

.

.

, .

,

.

n

character

bout pou bout head over

shop

n

.' .

, .

.

. arse

piece

n

.

.

' . .

of

;

2

boutik

good night

turmoil

seek

(r )

of

to

.

CL

buttocks mouth

,

n

n

VB

.

n

1 .

.

vb

n n

n

n

n

, . , . 2. . ,

,

a

.

n

-

M n

good evening

struggle

upset

heels boutèy

statue bomb cheap inexpensive

,

bouch

PHR

good

bôné bonè Adv early good man bônôm bouboun

end

fill

n

N

N

vo n

n

N 1

boiler

maché ADJ CPD

bôswa

bout

boutónê

-

bô

bôm

wheelbarrow

stuff

bouské

bouyi

CPD

frightful

N

.

boss

God

ADJ

folk

donkey burro donkey bouriké work like bous blouse

overflowing

.

Bô -

Dié

imbecile

vb

..

2

.

,

head

candy bonbon piece bôbô bôbôyé kind tree bonbonnier bôdè

ve

,

.

,

chief

.

n

bô bô 1

landmark

,

.

carriage

boot bòZò adj elegant chic bound leap afè CPD bargain

bòt

bouré

maid

. 2 . .

1

n

bòs

n

.)

.

.

. .

,

. 1. . 3 .

n

vase

boulvèsé bourik

boundary

flowers

out Bouqui

bullet bolt

boulvari black magic

does

bowl

n

bòn

2

bò

:

N

.

(

n n

boulô

sorcerer tranformer bòl

n

of

as

.

,

,

boulèt

dock

one who

poohed

buckle laything ball boulé ve burn

bill

n

bòkò

goat

trade exchange bouquet

tale character

boul

point

n

bòk

quay

n

bòdmè bòdro

bouki

cur

barbecue bake

ADJ tired

bouklé

female genitalia Coarse come near approach

vo

bòdé

vb ve

. .'

.

PHR

PREP PHR

koté towards bòbòt

bouké

-

,

'

;

,

by

towards

lâmè seashore

:

bò

head

quasi prepositional

with

.,

n

meaning

edge

side

chap

village

1

boukânê boukáté

, .

n

phr

n

.

in -

backed

beauty

direction

n

bò

boté

hunch

.

Adj

guy

twig

bouk

-

bosko

bou

move budge

candle

boujô

law

PHR

radiator cap

fellow

n

.

n

superman

boròm

N

-

pè n

bo

.

bouji

father

CPD

Cassandra

N

.

.

boug

boujé

stop

stopper

cork

chô radiatè

law

pail bonèsee bônè bokit

N

-

.

-

in

-

bouchô

CPD

. .cf 2. 6 .

.

law

brother

CPD

n

-

son

in in - . -

-

CPD

stopper

bouch kabrit

law

buggy

n

bogi

bouché

daughter

b

ve

kiss

CPD

fi frè fis n N

bo bo bo -

bobo

vi

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

bravo ap -

,

N

;

.

;

. . , on

,

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

)

(

. :

.

N

.

:

,

n

châjmâ

PHR

.

.

. ..

ro

-

:

).

.

â

( VB . by

. ,

. ..

singing songs

.

. .

n

shirt

.

undershirt

crayfish

)

Gallicism

(

horse

hair

. .

chivé

.

.

beloved

chival

n

,

,

chévrèt

. 2 .

.

.

vi

n

n

-

chimiz

chévé

châté

PHR

chimê chimney

chémiz

Adj

inner tube

dry

see

chémizèt chéri

.

plas

luck

sing

chéminé

chéval

heartbreak

châjé

champagne

n

.

,

seek

.

, .

.

chémê

,

.

-

cloth

.

)

to

.

!

n

,

n

load

n n

chaj

room

ridicule

grapefruit sorrow

change

n

vB

châtè

search

VB PHR

change places

chance

n

châs

scaffold

chafo chagrê

n

vB

-

(

CL

n

ch M

chadèk

change

1

n

châm

chéché

saddle

over

field

châpagn

chase chickens

bat mammal

CPD

turn

vitès gear

vb limp . bwè vb drink . bwèt, bwat n box . bwi n noise .

chèché

VB

chaviré

move châjmâ

bwété

chaché

castle

chat sourit

.

chato

chủ

charcoal

. ,

chat

hunt

hunter cat

n

chasé

châjé

n

vB n

charité chasé

carry

Adj charitable charity

.

( implement ). wood ; forest ; log ; board . bwasố n drink . bwat - see bwèt . bway n boy . bwazé VB run away .

charitab

bwa

chabrak

, . ,

vo

charié

bròs n brush

chabô

hat

plow

n

chari

brital adj rough , violent . briyâ Ad ) bright. briyé vs spine . brizé vs break . brizé -ménaj n CPD a kind of plant. brodé vo embroider . brotaj n moving (déménagement ) . broté vo carry , transport .

shoo

have

put .

burn (Gallicism ).

vb

Adj brown .

brin

n

chapoté

charé VB ape mock

n

brilé

rosary

hat ve

brigand , scoundrel .

n

brik n bar (of soap ) .

n

brigâ

charm

chaplet

n

chaplèt chapo

temperature

save

chapel

n

chapèl

escape

vo

n

n

chamé

brid n bridle .

each

heat warmth

chapé

brown ( dark ) . noise , sound .

brê N

.

,

.

.

brèch n breach

bri

chalè

brace

N

,

ADJ

shawl

.

branch out.

PHR : Chajmâ

N

concern

chak INDEF PRON chal

brétèl n suspender

load .

n

n

vi

chajmâ

worry

brâch n branch . brâché

.

chajé vb load

tèt

bat

.

:

,

.

jurray . VB PHR plaud . bravou n bravery .

bravo

.

M - CL

2

.

.

n

cheer

N

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

-

1.

bravo

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

on a

AMERICAN

vs VB

228

HAITIAN

HALL )

chè N 1. flesh . 2. pulpit . chèch , sèch ADJ dry .

. . .

.

.

.

) ) . . ).

(

(

.

,

(

.

.

.

vb

.

get along

unload

smooth

out

.

ve

).

. .

refl

r()

).

of

(

(

déchifônê

défo

n

proceed

dead person

fault

).

(

auto

for

,

;

fend

.

defunct

vo

n

.

first

bumper

defence

.

défê

forbid

defeat

; .

voice

n

low

.

in a

.

CPD

defend

out for

.

.

défás défèt

n

.

look

; .

défân

;

cv

!

CL

-

M

. .2

shoo

défilé

.( at )

vs

ouyé

déchajé

unstopper

dédâ adv inside

.

.

n n

-

,

; .

,

rid

).

(

.

.

n

n

n

— 1

-

clothing

chwazi vo choose

dabò ADV

out

unbutton

déboutônê déb

cabbage

chwi chwi ADV

empty

ve vB (

.

débouché footgear

with

bat mammal

horse

with

débou ADJ standing

article

stump

VB

. .

,

.

,

VB

plaster

chou

(

. , 2. .)plof ,

(

.

1

vB

VB

get beside oneself

excitement

.

n

n

clothe

see sójé

get

(

.

,

débòdé

chocolate chauffeur

chốjé

with

.

.

ADJ hot warm

débrâché VB prune

chov sourit

dâ dân

.

,

-)

(

)

.

n

.

2

. 2 .

. -)

v

struggle

débôdé

sock

unload land

along

heat

chosé

some Gallicism

free

heat scald pot kettle

chokola

chwal

disembark

vb

vB

(

chodiè chofé

the

n

chodé

chouk

VB

.

sit

chod

-

cho

chosèt

débat

.

-

see chéval

see chévé

chofè

débaké

débarasé

chivé

die gaming cube from Gallicism

thimble

VB

chival

ADJ dangerous demijohn

dance

PREP

n 1

.

;

vb

chita

behavior

oneself

demean

.

.

n

demeanour

tear

,

—

1

chiré

chémiz

see

danger

dâjér

lace

n

:

chimê koupé short cut chimiz

dâtèl

.

PHR

N

way

.

n

,

road

de

.

chémê

a-

dance

dâsé

vb of

endive

VB

-

dâs

.

n

chimê

,

chikoré

n

(-

.

-v

pickled her

CPD

N

chikânê wazinaj ring

n

dâjé

dâjéré dâmjân

dé -

ve

chiggery cheat

ėz V

vs

.

Adj

. .

n

,

tick chigger

chikata chikânê

,

.

,

ve

—

see tignô

ELEMENT within , in : PHR inside indoors EXOC PHR PREP inside dâgoyé advance slowly ADV

EXOC

-

-da

number , figure ( in arithmetic ). rumple crumple chifônê n

dé

chif

future .

a

;

.

davéni ADJ with dâ n tooth .

chik

.

.

to

)

chèy n chair , seat

chignô

agree

ak -

.

. .)

,

dapré PREP according dat n date.

chên N chain .

chèz

vb

daou n August .

, boss .

n cheque

chèk

dakò 1. ADV in agreement . 2. n lady .

dam

chaché .

chèchésee chèf n chief

229

CREOLE

(MEMOIRS ,

AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

défósé VB stave in , smash in .

dépâs n expense

défripé

dépâsé VB spend

.

.

.

be

vs

vb

.

.

,

. .

.

. .

.

.

in

2

).

in

. ,

.

,

.

.

. a

.g

.

,

eat

.

.

vb

devour

(

before con

.

.

dis - .

),

,

)

dé

.

duty

before vowel sonant NUM two PREFIX

( 2 ) -

dé

.

.

)

déz

depend

.

n

VB

dévwa

VB

.

.

dévoré

n

.

.

,

, ,

denounce declare department

develop

(

.

take apart damsel young woman

n

transitive

dévasté devastate garden

up ( ) e . .

VB

run down

(

vs

,

;

'

.

d

lit

démi

vo

n

.

at )

, to

(

before

madman

VB

front

PREP

bad luck

dévorân

VB

.

-

,

,

.

(

1

ADV

dévlopé

VB

,

vb

-

n

,

go n

VB VB n

ve VB

destroy wreck ahead before referring place

dévalé

.

,

. .

,

. vb

.

.

. .

-

PHR

take down

repair

retail

out

éviné see diviné déviré VB turn off aside turn wrongly

untie

-

n

,

.

,

.

. .

.

dévên

N

n

dépâné

sell

demon

n

dépatmâ

fate destiny

front

deliver

request

démwazèl dénôsé

decide

stretch

détwi

the next day tomorrow

démóté

unsaddle decision

détiré dévâ

half liter pint

dépân

.

in

.

in

.

.

, .

discover

démi ADJ one half démô

désidé

n

vb

n

démaré

descent down hill going

détayé

discourage

moving

VB n

délòjmâ

come down

déswit Adv immediately détay detail

Adj delicate

délivré

démâd

dissuade disappoint

descend

down

destiné

state

unhook

dékroké

délika

passa

.

vb vb

dékouvri

désât

enough

undress

December

désâd

désiziô

vb

dékourajé

désân

désélé

unstick vb

dékôséyé

désâm

-

VB

dékolé

slenderize

behead

declare

see désân

n

,

vb

. vb vi

,

dékapé

désâd

désâdoyé

slenderization

dija Adv already bly

déklaré

démê

slim

drops

size

. .

-

,

fatten

fall

,

,

reduce

, .

dégyolé

disturbance disrespectful

n

).

. 2 .

1

.

. de

disgust

tumble down unwrinkle unstopper

VB ve

dégriji

dérâjmâ

dérés pékté

slimming

n

dégrésmâ

,

.

. liquid

deflate

dégrêgolé

déja

annoy

( of

vb VB n

dégrésé

PHR :

lapòs mail letter interrupt upset disturb

VB

.

vb

dégôflé

dégouté

dérâjé

disgust

vb

dégoutâs

.

put down . VB

dépozé you

disguise

drop

n

dégout

VB lay ,

.

, .

.

disgust

n

dégou

loose .

dépozé

dégi adv extra dégizé

1 . ADV 2. PREP since

dépité n deputy . déployé vb unroll

lèt

, get

dégajé vb free dégên n gait .

dépi

.

of ,

déga n damage

74

.

a

uncrumple . VB smooth défripmâ n act of smoothing .

,

out ,

de -

230

HAITIAN

)

.

.

.

,

,

:

.

,

.

,

. .

,

. .

).

all .

. (

at .

. .

vB

,

glo

.

.

)

(

jé

( nâ -)

:

.

N

.

,

n

. (s) .

rock

.

dandle

,

,

rocking

.

,

ve n

balance

baby word

).

(

sleep

.

.

damage

servant

. .

n

.

VB

damage

.

sleep

VB

dôté

.

loa

tame

bear

.

),

(

fruit

sorcery

. 2 .

1

yield

.

dôm pèd

.

dônê

n

fancy

)

.

costume

ve

.

dônâ ADJ generous

diminish

(a .

.

. .

n

. n

vi vo

n

domaj

.

n

dinner

balancing

doctor dollar

n

N

.

)

dola

dress

diné

n

,

n

n

n

dodinê dodo

dòmi

.

, .

elegant

dlo

back

dodinaj

vB

51 .

.

see

n

dictionary reduce

guess

diviner

throat mouth water PHR

domèstik

,

dinaza

dlyo

domajé

Sunday

N

diminié

PHR garden

283

déja

vb

dimâch

n

diksyônè

dlo do

di

:

N

.

.

.

.

VB

[? ] , (in —

dija

wine

djol

doktè

kouto digo

SCT

Gallicism

dizódi Adv therefore jazz music djaz

,

. .

n

.

PHR

goad

knife

amuse

tear

difisil ADJ difficult digo

adv

n

.

,

).

(

diamond

divê

entertain

district

Adj various

n

in

. 3 .

PREP

vB

tell

mèsi thank

fikilté lavi hardship digé

.

n

di -

.

-

â

.

, )

:

.

. 2 .

say

speech

disappear

diviné déviné divinò witch

.yè tough

difé fire diférâs difference difikiltén difficulty n

dèy

bereaved

di

,

PHR

the Gallicism

n

of

:

VB PHR

distrè

distrik divès

Exoc

VB PHR haggle over

distâs distance distraksió fun

tou

,

,

in

, of .

ò

.

the

.

de (r

-

.

1

di

ADJ hard

vb

.

.

de (r )

â ; -

:

n 2

.

yè 1

n

mourning

diâmâ

discourse

n

.) ; all .

(r )

Ò

dè

(r )

de

n

PREP

behind

back

ADV

PHR

abroad

outside

debt mourning see

ve

diskou disparèt

Exoc

ADV outside

row

discuss

price

-

(

as

Gal

Adj last

dèyè

n

.

-

as

soon

Adj much

PHR

argue

,

ill

,

PHR

country

quarrel

dispute

diskité pri bargain

.

ké -

SUBORD

dèmolmèk

dèy

diskisió diskité

bebaved

licism

dét

direct dis num ten

ADJ second

dézyèm

dè -

person

behaved

ADJ disorderly

dèbié

rice

VB

,

disorder , misbehavior ;

. 2 .

rascal

diri

dirijé

.

b)

a)

direct

director

dirèktè n

.

ill -

1. N

Adj

dirék

dézònè n dishonor . dézòd

,

diploma degree diré vb last diplom

.

dézéspéré VB despair . dézéspwa n despair . déziré vb desire

231

n

dézabiyé VB undress . dézagréyab Adj disagreeable

CREOLE

n

HALL

Dom

Pedro

AMERICAN

232

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

ADJ gentle , mild , tender , quiet , égza ADJ strict . égzaminé vo examine , explore . tame. ADJégzâp duplicity doub 1 . N deceit 2. n example .

dou

égzèsé VB exercise , practise égzèsis n exercise .

double .

,

piece -of - eight.

ékiri

.

douch n shower - bath

, ache. dous ADJ sweet .

write nut

élèv

pupil

)

up

.

:

.

. .

.

n

. .

.

. .

. .

stairs uproar

test

;

;

attempt

ex

.

,

try

.

).

of

éskâdal

n

éskalié

surface

gasoline

éksépté

periment

n

.

fè

-é -

:

ân

( é )

.

séyé

indeed

.

;

for

. ,

.

,

,

.

essence VB

educate

.

).

,

. .

,

.

. .

n

; .

.

.

VB

n

éré

.

.

n

, be

, .

cl

-

mistake

éséptésee

effect Exoc PHR éfò effort égal ADJ equal smooth n

érè

test

Adj fortunate

ésâs

(

éfè n

well then

help

vo

vB

édé

édiké

made imbecile

spell

sponge

n

.

éplé

sample

n

êbê

échâtiyo

n

-

(? )

.

,

graft

.

,

ébé

thick

thickness

épi COORD and then épidémi epidemic

éprèv

and make

m

vo

-

é

COORD

,

n

,

. .

;

.

épésè

épôj ébété

emotion

n

.

;

n

;

Adj

épé

right

.

.

. 2 .

1

job

racket

enamelled emery

enigma riddle énim énmi elmi lêlmi enemy

devil

premium

n

dyòb

finger

gyab

n

,

dyab

dyégi

;

VB

n

dwèt

émosið

.

N

,

dròl adj funny droll drộm drum Adj straight right dwat dwé owe ought must

mal

badly

adj

n

.

éméri

n

n

.

vo

dragging

PHR

Adj kind

émayé

keep

ADJ

.

émab

.

food

)

.

e .g

(

,

serve

brought

well

élvé

educate

.

.

.

vo

prepare

demand

train

élvé rude

drain

drivayé

raise

biê

.

flag

drésé

yo

.

n

n

dragon

drapo

drê

élvè

n

dragô

dozen

sheet

n

dra

n

éksité

.

in

front

.

,

douvâ adv before

insist exile

, .

. .

éksilé

. .

vb vB vb n

douzên

doubt

(

)

é ( k

.

douz NuM twelve

election

vb n

excite

éléksiô

douté

bolt

PREP except

sépté

éksijé

for

a

ékrou

on

adv slow

ékri gently

doubt doutâs doubt n

.

ékléré VB light up , enlighten .

.

dousmâ

dout

. , fragment .

éklaté ve burst

off ( . ly ),

dousi vb cool

.

n stable

ékla n piece

doulé n pain

train

vs exist .

égzisté

doubout Adj upright .

,

.

doubloon

n

(

doublô

.

ve

doublé vb

pass by

n

double ,

)

of

) . .

.

(

fit ,

n

.

n

. .

.

2

N

.

, .

.

in

.

)

.

.

in

.

.

.

)

.

.

.

. 2 .

1

n

.

)

-

.

vb

. . .

.

.

,

ve n n

.

n

.

.

.

.

.

vb invent vb invite

guest

.

n

. 2 .

.

ADJ international

invasion

1 .

.

,

,

êväté

êvité

wise

interest interrupt

ve

. 2 .

,

. tight

.

n

êtérôp

êvaziô

clever

intelligence

êtènasional

.

n

:

. .

.

cliff

rain

.

of

.

,

.

famé adj famous farin flour meal farinaj lapli PHR shower n

.

prâ

gizzard

N

see ébê

.

êbê

PHR

guard

stand

.

n

fal

n

).

faksyô falèz

help

duty

n

out orders (

,

.

hesitate

hour

carry

VB

.

..

,

faché ADJ angry faksyô guard

.

vb

execute

.

;

attempt

ézité

-

*,

.

pić

gasoline

inspector

install instrument

fan

è èd n n

.

ézékité

n

.

n

ADJ

gospel

VB

évité

0

(

).

.

.

êtéré

stranger foreigner

Insel Badyo

urge

adj

êtélijâ

event happening vo avoid

évênmâ

êstalé

êtélijâs

strange

n

.

évâtay

(-

-

to

(

someone

êstrimâ

étwat ADJ narrow

évâjil

1

a

. .

espèktè

. ?

Answer

fool

adj insolent

êsolâ

.

,

.

,

êsilté

present gift

n

.

mic

étrên

good health

folk tale hero

foreign then

n

.

. ;

)

. (

N

,

vs

CL

-

vB

.

1

étrâjé

influence

êsèl badyo

.

n

n

.

x

Adj

étrâj

n

.

.

,

, .

.

ve

.

n

(é )

éta n

.

enemy

cloth

Ads

êpotâ

study

étòf

n

n . riddle

êgâm

eposib

State

speaking étidié

êfliâs

CS ADJ impossible adj important êpridâ ADJ careless

stop

yes

sick

êkiè ADJ anxious êpé Ady little

CPD

n

M

.

elled

exhibition

United States lake pond pool étân extend stretch out summer étâ n

:

:adly

Zini

Eta

for

(

.

n n

show

poor health caretaker

nurse

persons

expose

state condition étajè shelf étalô stallion

éti été

, I, brought

êfimiè

pré ADV purpose hope éspwa éstop

educate

.

,

vB

n

VB

éspozisið

illness

ADJ Indian printed calico

ADJ sickly

êfim

describe

on

demand

vs

éspozé

attack industry

adJmean

êfériè

explanation

explain

n

. .

és

êdyên

ésplikasiô

.

.

.

.

êdyê

és

,

.

for

a bolt.

n

êdistri

éspâté ADJ wonderstruck

éspliké

ell in

êdispozisið

space

és és

) , enlighten

i

excuse

pésialmâ ADV especially hope expect péré périâs experience

gment.

kcept

êdépâdâ

êdiké

slave

n

éspas

233

ads independent vs indicate êdispozé ADJ upset emotionally

uproarious

excuse

n

klav

,

,

vs

éskizé

ADJ noisy

apology

.

(z )

éskiz

.

,

,

a 2 practise

éskâdalè n

mine, expior

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL ]

n

D

és

TION

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

fèmê vB klé

.

( VB

,

n

.

,

.

2

.

,

.

n

.

for -

.

.

-

,

ve n

.

.

)

N

. 2 ,

,

. (e) .

,

,

(

to

. .

vi

n

.

1

,

.

.

N

. :

.

n

be

fig

,

plô

-

a

fil

:

N

). .

fè

fil . .

, ;

vB

(

, ,

,

n

.

n

.

ve

.

fim

n

.

at .

. .

, -

.

VB

,

flank

lounge

lounger flower

idle

. . .

ve

.

flame

idler

bloom

.

.

n

.

. .2

,

shoot execute flattery flatter

vo é

n

rifle

, , ,

fléri

.

complete

.

vo n

n

flâ n

flânè

end

,

,

-)

(

V

VB

finish

n

,

,

steady

gun

side

flâne firm

finis

look slingshot

( )y

fizi

flâm

ADJ

smoke

string

n

,

faint

wire yarn

net mesh

vb n

.

fizi

PHR

film

fè

,

leap

can

. 2 . .

. tin

,

tin N

n

.

1

farm

spin

god daughter

,

,

,

,

mild

sharpen

fiyèl

you

.

fèb

weak

firm

fistibal

;

fè

;

you

fixed

; );

(

hurry

so

fè

;

pretend

sâblâ

PHR banana figi pati completely

Cl

fiské

delicate

solid

fin

; ;

fé fè -

, do

biê

,

pi

fini fisèl

picture

bânân

ADV completely

flaté

feeble

fiancé

thread line plumb line

fimê

plèzi please

bound

ADJ

filé

; .

jên

lit . fè

hurt

filèt

plêt complain

draw

vit

fè fè fé

; ; ,

harm

reklam advertise

report

ADJ

exhausted

fè

:

fè fè

make be

(

fé ;

;

fè

;

fè

roti roast

,

fè

propagan

marry

affiance betroth

face

ADJ

fiks fil

,

,

,

VB

; ; fé

be );

,

fè

potré describe

rapo

fast intend

fè

;

pi

,

improve

sèmâ swear

.

mal

sore

cause pleasure

figi

b

.

; - )

do

).

.

(

fé

,

pain

better

n

fig fiè n

. ;

horseshoe

lidé grâ increase

come greater

fèm

1

fê

.

of

, .

,

; vb ,

; . a) 2

shave

nothing

good

ads proud

steel

elect

ache

n

fi

.

.

,

-

n n

iron

éléksiô

labab

fine

adj faithful loyal

fidèl

fetish

February

vini

made

fade

betrothed roof

make manufac compose perform ture act bear young PHR atásiô pay attention bak reverse

fèblâ

.

.

2

.

,

;

. .

.

pretense

fiâsé

charm

fact

delicate

lazy person

fêt

.

vB

.

1

fè

févrié

ADJ

daughter fiâsay engagement

.

n

phenomenon

N

fétich

1

.

,

; .

,

n

female

hurl throw ridge pole upper part

n

fétay

holiday

Nend

fênê

féròs ADJ fierce fésé

treat PARTICIPLE feast

leaf

fêgnâ

window

fénomèn

party

skilled

lantern split

adj

fémèl fénèt

relative

crack

n

fât

fèy

split

n

fânal

shut. VB PHR : fèmê

pad lock

done

.

fân

junk

.

n

VB n

fâmi

rubbish

favor woman family

n

fâm

tired

refuse

n

fatra favè

fèt

Adj

fatigé

-

a

close ,

, .

n meddler . fasil ADJ easy . fasè

ferment .

,

fèmâté vo

(MEMOIRS , 74

( be )

farinê ye mist .

, )

AMERICAN

234

( in ).

,

. ;

. . . ,

to

be

. .

.dig

:

.

,

.

, , ,

.

)

of

.

(

. .

.

.

,

.

.

a

:

)

.

N

. on

.

(

-,

.up

.

.

-

.

vb n

.

.

. .

,

.

.

. 2 .

)

(

. 2 .

discontent

.

n

.

1

.

cl

oath expressing

-

.

n

liver

fruit

. . .

scullion

;

,

Vo

. CPD

see gagè

.

gadiè

—

-

.

.

rummage

gad mâtèg

N

mâjé

-

.

gad

person

indiscreet

watch over look

store concern CPD cupboard

N

.

,

look

. ; 2.

n

.

keep

oven

station

.

)

(r

ailway

guard

1

.

n

gadé

supply

n

vo .

n n

.

ga n

.

n

ovenful

VB

time occasion whip ADJ cold

.

,

founê

.

n

gad

vB

m 1

rub

,

.

.

fwi

frontier border

N

. . 2.

a

,

frôtiè

ant

n

ant

n

.up

fwèt

cheese

ADJ insolent

fwêk

,

n

vi

vb

fwa

owl

screech rub

foumi

fourajé

cut

n

of

cookie

,

frôté

silk foulard compress crush

foula foulé

tèt

:

N

.

, . ,

,

N

VB n

n

crowd

froté

ADJ foolish

fork

foul

fôtên

frê

PHR

brake

curl

frômi

stove crazy stupid

fouchèt

fri

)

b

)

.

). a

.

-

. .

n

N

.

bê -

PHR

kind brighten polish

foubi

founo

n

frê n

.

,

.

N

(

2

.

( s ).

n

VB VB

frizé

CPD

vehicle

emergency

fry

fromaj

oven

fâm

cold

brake mê hand

friz

sink

mad

ADJ

frilagé

fountain fontanelle

1

frè n

,

. 2 .

.

,

n

n

.

bottom

drug store

melt

fou

n

.

. ,

. .

VB

fòt

1

fð

deep

fôn

fouradò

shiver shudder brother

frèt

fou

preservation

fright

frèch ADJ cool

fômasi

founi

state

force

ADJ

bay

cool frékâ ADJ pert

frémi strength

ditch

fund

fôtên

Adj

vB

-

@

:

.

. . , ..

vb

fòm

fault mistake error fötin fortune wealth

fosé

ADJ fresh

fréyè

grave

1

n

fòs

ExoC PHR

force fòsé

strike hit knock tap phrase VB PHR sentence

n

fré

is

it

)

necessary

frédi

form

form

trouble

the

fraz converse

form

in

fit ,

n

shape

fòmé

VB VB

;

,

;

fraz

. .

IMPERSONAL

(

fòk

smithy

that fòm

fouyé

frapé

blacksmith

vB n

fòjrô

take

. . . .

. .

2

, . .

n

n

forge

sexual

to

.

n

n

.

ADJ strong loud aloud

clever

fòj

have

able fouya pòt Adj curious

collar ditch

fort

push

shove

vo

.

fouti

.

fo

1

fò

fosé

shove

intercourse

very swift fish

ADJ false

fokòl

VB

.

kind

stick

scabbard

,

.

.

n

VB

fout

float

of

flôn

fouro

arrow

n a

floté

fouré

flower

)

(

flè n

Vflér

flèch

235

CREOLE VB

HAITIAN

HALL ]

.

:

N

.

oto

.

,

.

ice

.

go

.

or

n

,

2

!

.

.

,

-

. cl .

N

. . .

,

.

.

),

.

up (

.

.

be

0

. .

vb

,

. . 20 , ). .3 .

;

-

,

($

1 /4

.

vb

. . 2.

.

.

. .

1

drop

.

n

vb

govern

swarm

teem

. ,

to

due

-

PREP PHR gras

:

.

.

grace

,

gras

scratch

trample

on

grind

grajé

a

,

.

n

rank grafignê grafoûgnê

.

, .

guava

ve

grad

VB n

gouyav gouyé

taste

governor

.

to

hanks grasèt ADJ plump

.

favor

scratch scrape

. .

grav

,

gratê

ADJ grave serious

pleasure

,

gratification

,

n

.

50 phr

in

gouvènê

.

. .

drip

fight

vBN .

. guide

.

,

ve

n

. :2

n

.

n m

.

1

n

VB N

N

n

pod

grasifikasið

)

vB

n

gid gidé

gous

see gêgnê

guide

tasty hungry

gourde

,

253 gêyê

,

,

gêm

kòk

pplied cock game cock SCT to

n

(a

.

odas dare

attractive

flavor

goumâ ADJ greedy

VB

;

lidé intend

gê be -

ap

pri

; gê

;

lés gê lè

;

di -

férâs differ

okra

tree

taste

goumê

n

-

lô

; gê

:

PHR

get tâ

ve

VB

gê

. ; gê

,

;

,

,

wise

have

conscious likely

be

be

)

gê

clever

gê

,

,

sa

,

,

,

( dé -

earn

long ago

kônésâs pear seem

gêm

n

. . 2

. . gâgnê

gum

gourde

n

,

.

of

plant

goudê

vegetable

ADJ agreeable

gouvènè

gain

game

swell gum

gouté

gêyê

vulgar act

stick

gumbo

VB .

.

.

;

,

a

n

kind

gêgnê

win

n

gỗ N n

.

,

.)

.

a

(

;

vit vb

get well

heal cure

see

ahead

ADJ left vulgarity

hinge

gou 1

. )

a

goud

wasp

gégnê

n

.

.

gôm

enjoy oneself refl good time

CPD

slip

throat

gômié

.

ve

-

gê

gép N -

géri

1

.

.

. -p

.

,

. priest

enjoy

have géri

n

,

,

,

.

.

.

(

ADJ merry

géi

box

slide

pole

gôflé

trough platter for long time

ADV CPD

tâ

scatter

gasoline

wooden

n

gâmèl

-

gòj

.

-

see gêgnê

gé gâ

on ,

. . .

VB n

,

ve

N

n

vaudoun

gâgnê

glas

PHR

saying

gôbo

gâgâ

Africa

mirror

ice

cup

gòl

gazolin

Guinea

gògmagòg

waste spol wreck

gas

n

gaz

gòch

waste

vo

gayè

godé

boy lad

cake spread

n

gato

decorate

gohèd

,

,

n

gaspiyaj

goading

glory

glwa

.

ve

n

fellow

gaspiyé gaté

,

-

,

.

n

(é )

garage

gasố

glisé

put braid

galônê

garaj

goad

tease

windshield glasiè

gallon

N

galô

Gînê

it

porch

ri

gal

n

galata

n

cock fight cock granary storehouse

,

gagè gadiè

giyônê

giyồnmâ glas

neck

.

throat

N

gagân

, ,

-

. -

N

child watcher caretaker baby tender gaga Adj dumb woozy senile

t

gadò

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

VB n

AMERICAN

n

236

236

HAITIAN CREOLE , gyabsee

grâ

CPD

pompous . pompous .

with this general see cor consonant responding word beginning with had rad clothing

,

. .

(

-

.

—

cL

,

.

-

m

.

.

.

vb .

.

.

,

vb

.

ve

.

,

.

.

)

.

.

(

.

;

.

.

n

).

ja

of :

. 2 .

, . .

,

.

N 1

).

( of

(s ).

, .

.

way

river

.

cross

knife

.

weeding

-

jâbèt

or

VB

manner

(

n

ve

dog

)

..

,

mock make fun

Venetian

bark

stacle of

Vé

jar

lit . .N

( n

jâ

n

.

grumble

.

, .

,

rough

bark

n

'

'. growl

jâbé

,

japé

.

,

scold group

lajâ buried treasure money

blind jap

coarse

PHR

(z )

'.

big shot

make bigger enlarge

VB

jar

ja n

. .

'

N

N

ADJ n

.

.

,

.

'

big shot

CPD

.

grosiè

gwayé

big shot

size

grosi grôdé

story

jadê garden field jalou ADJ jealous jalouzi jealousy envy

greedy CPD

CPD

vb

n

gro popo

group

history

.

gro mouché

grosè

bird

itil ADJ useful factory izin

drink

CPD N

- - - -

grog

ADJ

gro nèg

irôdèl swallow isit ADV here

broil

big

, .

grog gro

.

Adj jé n

gro

vain

ipokrit ADJ hypocritical

,

. .

VB

griyé

grimace

wrinkle

vb

griji

imitate

inosâ ads innocent

istwa

smile wryly

ve

n

grignê

n

n

. ).

),

scale

gri ADJ gray grif claw

imité

ini unite initil Ads useless

n

,

.

N

;

;

;

(

climb

on

up

vo

( lit .

,

you

n

(

)

, .

count out one one tell beads grên grain seed berry unit PHR grên only grên just kolié pearl necklace unit grêpé

hygiene island imajiné imagine imédiaimâ Adv immediately imè humor imid adj damp wet

by

ve

grêgnê

pou

fat .

(Vgrès -) grease ,

n

ijiền PHR :

.

grésé VB fatten . grèf n graft ( on plant ). grès

jump .

CPD

n

ADJ

=

ro :

tall . grémési n thanks . Exoc grémési in vain .

-tay

see oùgâ

il n

stamp with the

grâsé VB grâ

hoûgâ

—

. feet ,

.

grandfather

N CPD

hat horse ranch SCT 282 hộsi housi see oúsi grumbling exclamation hoù n

.

grâ -moun N CPD grown -up , old person grân N grandmother , granny . grâ - papa

beginning

words

for

enlarge

grå - gou ADJ CPD hungry

.

.

.

large

grådè n size . vb

mouth

n

.

,

CPD

gyòl

.

grâ ADJ great , big

.

illegal profit

)

seriously

grå -båda

grâdi

. , make

dyab

e g

,

h —

graviệ n gravel . gravmâ ADV gravely

gyobé vb graft

51 .

gravê vb engrave.

ADJ - chiré ADJ

237

in

HALL )

other

ob

.

.

as ,

far

.

:

.

n

,

.

.

,

).

. .

;

on

(

;

,

"

. . . .

of

.

,

)

.

b

. at

.

.

-)

)

a

.

,

.

.

.

.

,

.

,

. .

n

51 .

cart

SCT

).

. (

327

)

.

.

-

;

.

.

-

tip

inn

.

;

.

;

.

,

;

. weak

.

kind

tree

).

caymite

of

sad

,

be

ve

café

kalfou

(

.

n

.

;

n

see

kaimit

-

jòòmô

.

(

n

n

n

coffee

kafou kagou

see jouroumou

frame trundle bed body self quarter hour padlock present gift

today jòlòt Adj pretty

.

.

-

â

kado

pipe tobacco

n

).

kadè

kadna

PHR

:

Exoc

dungeon

n

:

. . 2 N . )

(

.

(

of

,

kadav

kafé

.

n

, .

kad

.

place

-

n

hiding

n

.

. 1 (s . ) as jis ké as ,

just

July

n

.

n

.

n

n

ve

vb 3 .

n

vb n

.

. .

n N

.

kacho

see jouroumou

—

closet

kachèt secretly

kachỉbo

moral fair PHR story lésô moral PREP far until SUBORD until Gallicism

n

n

.

.

;

,

,

.

kachèt

mare

jiska

n

.

VB

judge

ADJ

snooze

kaché vB hide

.

n n

.

ka

2

.

. .

n

ve

n

jij

kach

skirt

jis

tray bed

lash

kabwèt

game hunted animal

fourth

finish

cabinet goat

kabrit

hinder

quarter

the house

Adv for can might

kabinèt

safety razor

jiromô

case

PEP

.

jê n

n

ji

n

N

.

.

:

n

kabaré

judge

jijé

jodi

kaba

young man

bother annoy juice

jibyé

kab

stage

enjoy enjoyment

kabicha vb doze

fast

jênê

young

pumpkin

join

ginger

jêjâm

jên

jiyé

Vjén

find

kabân

June

jip

. .

.

PHR jèn gesture

(o

jès

jâ

ptional

ADJ

jilèt jimâ

cast

,

throw

jèn

-)

VB

jété

N

knee blind person yardboy CPD

.

n

jérâ

jounou

N

-jé

pété

n

jénou

jwisâs

youth

jòòmô

Vjwis

VB

.

jènès

, ,

jénès

jwên

jwi

jénéro

play act game

toy

( vi

.

jwèt

.pl

. Fr .

,

.

2

.

1

jénéral

vo

.

.

jwé

boasting boastful ADJ general

CPD

insult

jouroumou jiromô jwa joy

flower

.

of

a

N

ADJ

fò

kind

ADJ CPD daring Thursday

N

-jé

n

-

chèch

CPD

until

see jénou

vb -

.

( s ).

-jé nje jé

jounou

jouré

eye

N

,

January

bourik

jédi

gentle

nice

.

(e )

adv never

n

jâvié

n New Year 's Day . jouk PREP, SUBORD as EXOC PHR jouk until joumâ insult

.

játi Adj kind

n

joudlâ

police (collective ).

n

n leg

jâm

jou

n

jâdamri jâm

, cane. day .

jô n reed

policeman , gendarme.

n

, .

jâdam

1

jâbô n ham

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

lè

AMERICAN

238

HAITIAN CREOLE

.

of

. a

. (

),

)

. ).

.

,

.

,

,

kâ

:

of

.

50

-

. . .

it

.

-

,

vb

. 2 .

. 2 . .

so

,

SCT

)

vi .

plant

. .

).

of

).

(

(

.

. )

up

.

Paradise

.

stand

pants

for

.

as

,

PREP

.

shorts

kâta

pile

.

hymn

supply

;

amount

;

,

quantity heap

.

katité

.

. )

(

VB n

.

n

n

n

cannon

kâsò kâtik

dance

boat

small

,

.

)

kâpé

container calenda kind

n

.

.

ADV

anyhow

consume comrade ugar cane

n

. (

vi

bell

.

,

VB

. .

3

.

2

square downright

karésé VB caress

carrot

kânòt kânò Kapâ

n

leguminous

kânari kânida

N

.

a

N

CPD

(s

N

.

. :

N

òm

-

-

.

;

,

N

[? ]

N

n

character

ring

REL

mêm

nevertheless hedge

kind

duck jar

n

of

.

.

kân kâna

ribâ karako belt

PHR

.

n

1 .

. . .

.

,

N

kâkânê kâmarad

pavement

INTERR

ADV PHR

a

n

corporal

kariyênê

,

N

n

. n

.

n

. . . .)

of

(

captain

.

n n

,

kâga

clot curdle

only skirt waist piece

232

karémâ ADV squarely

n

1

kâ

.

:.

N

.

)

dé -

capable

able

plant karât NUM forty karé ADJ

n

even kâdélab

capital

karaktè déz

karo karòt

n

(

.

; ( .

)

.

N

karako karaktè

camp

kâféti SUBORD

coward act cowardice carbine gun

karabin

hut

notebook barracks

n

kapitên

kaporal

bird

n

. .

,

tin

(

n

Adj

kapab

kapital

kapô

.

.

n n

n

kite

elsewhere

rider

when

rubber auto tire PHR réchaj spare tire

kaotchou

kap

rabble

can

kat

cave

crow

kazèn

canaille

kaotchou

kay

kayé

canal

n

kanistè

.

of ; )

cross seats

bus

plant

quarter

house

kaw

open

)

with

kavèn

camion

truck

n

kamiô

the ear shorts

1

on

n

box pair

kind

group

four

n

kavalié

(

n

kalsô

kanal kanay

katyé

consider

.

n

kalòt

cardboard

n

,

calculate

cage

CPD

class

before vowel

NUM

.

vs

kalkilé kaloj

map

N

-

-

,

,

katô

katr

.

n

,

;

n

sort kind calculation arith

class

kalkil account metic

.

quality

katégori

, .

n

l()

kalité

crossroads

card

kat chimê

.

ka

fou

.

n saucepan

kasròl

.

(fowl) ;

VB

be

.

N calabash

beat ; shell; pluck hatch

kalé

gad about .

n

kalbas

plant.

of

VB PHR : kouri kaskanèt

kaskèt n cap , hat .

,

okra . .

n

kind

CPD a n [? ]

N

kalalou

kasé -Z0 N kaskanèt

(

-word ( Sp . carajo ) .

M - CL a curse

kalaou

hold (of

2

).

fish

n

(of

N

3 . scale

(

).

ship

.

kasav N cassava kasé vs break .

kat

kajour n mahogany . kaka n excrement. kal n 1 . beating , defeat .

239

(

HALL )

AMERICAN

240

kloué vs nail .

tail .

ké- SUBORD that (Gallicism ) .

késti ) , kèsiò n question

.

koché n coachman

.

vi foul.

kochèt

kéyi ve gather (e.g . flowers ). kè , tchè n heart . kèk INDEF ADJ some, a few .

kochồ n pig . kodak n camera

kès n case ( container ) .

koké vb hook . koki n shell . kokên ADJ huge , immense

kèsidsee

.

grab , seize , catch

of ;

hold

keep ; contain ; ( refl . ) look out , take care . VB PHR : kêbé nòt keep

. kênèp n a kind of tree . ki INTERR , REL PRON who ; what.

.

. of shorts.

anybody

PHR

N

latè

.

)

( for

.

, . .

correct

corrupt

clothes

.

,

suit

costume

coast

chez

;

,

;

quasi prep

., , at

the place

quasi

side

as

position

where

. . . .

place

conj

.,

koté

coral reefs

.

n

kot

.

VB

ve n

ADJ

,

,

korèk

korôpi

n

fair

.

,

clear

copy

small boat subject

koré

kostim

-)

.

âglèz

enlighten

. . .

(

klé

:

vb

,

N

PHR

. . 2 .

;

n

.

1

n

n

.

.

. .

.

.

n n

koralê

N

errand

committee council

koni ADJ known

class

klè

.

communal

.

.

,

komité

adj

.

démê

later

kominal komisið

kopié

nail

.

command .

VB

,

VB

.

pou

-

let

kité

for ;

:

n

klé

allow

polish

klou

angry

kolié n necklace , beads . koloni n colony . kolòn n column . kolôbié n granary , sorte de grenier protégé contre les rats où les paysans conservent leur récolte '

spoon

ADJ Vklér gate kloti klòch bell

: â -kolè

kind of bird , colibri .

N a

komès n commerce

kité tôbé drop

key wrench monkey wrench kléré ADJ bright

PHR

(AM ) .

postpone leave kivèt basin klas

kolibri

komâdé

kirié ADJ curious . kité vb leave , depart ;

kiyè

kolèt n neck

'

: kilti

kiltivé vb cultivate . kimê vi foam .

PHR

. Exoc .

kolè n anger

of ,

kildt n pair kilt n worship . kilti n cultivation . agriculture .

.)

VB paste , stick ; connect , juxta pose . ADJ PHR : kolé ak - next to .

kolé

koté

PRON CPD who , which

PRON

koko n female genitalia . (Obscene

n

kikôk

, gi

gantic .

n

ki-l-ès

.

enormous

CPD

kola n cola ( local soft drink ) . N

where ? ; ki moun who ? ; ki sa what ? . kichòy n (small ) thing ; something . kignô — see tignô.

ki

ADJ

kokoyé n coconut .

a record

PHR :

kokên - chên

n

kêbé vB

.

turkey .

n

VB

kestiò . kèsiònê ve question

kodên

as

n

(MEMOIRS , 74

-

ké, tyé

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

Exoc PHR

HAITIAN CREOLE

.'

‘

.

. in

'

.) ,

(m

. . . . . VB n

(

).

of

.'

'; '

).

6

. 22 .

(

in

'

'

in

.'

N

. . .

,

,

.

n

.

.

n

.

VB n VB

.

. .

n

. .

,

.

kôséy

-)

V

store

advice

.

VB

preserve

(

consider

. 2 .

VB

.

conscience

.

kôsiâs

.

,

2

.

.

1

n

kôsèvé

kôséyé vs advise

n

siderate kôsiltasiô

consultation

.

;

preserves

.

.

consequence

kôsèv

n

.

)

. (e

.g .

. .

,

,

Congo

composition

kôsékâs

kôsidéré

preserves

praise

understand think kôsâti consent ADJ customary kôsékâ ADJ important

N

. .

go

.

, ,

, ; .

; -

trust

.

vi n

n

kôgo

trust jam

auto

kôprân

köséy

confess

confidence

n

kófiâs

student lead drive behave oneself

fellow

compliment

praise

n

kôpozisið

.

( kôfésé

used

contemplation

vb congratulate

1

,

,

.

much

condition

refl

vB

-

15

.

.

-

.

2

how

gos

plot plot kôplotay

koplo

combat

.

vs n

VB n

kôdwi

VB VB

(e

.

kôplimâ

combination agreement together combine put condemn sentence

n vs . ) VB

kôdisip

complaisance

malapropism

kôplimâté ADV

habit

kôplètmâ Adv completely kôplikè adj complicated

2

-

see kou

.

,

n

kódisið

sip n

.

:

N

.

vb

N

.

1

n

bở –

n

PREP

,

kôdané

the

complete

meaning

corsage

kôbinê

know

Brer clothes suit

koplété

begin

struggle

consciousness

connect

company compare godfather friend

kôplézâs

corvée duty service

kôbinéző

kôfié

kôpè

)

boat

kóplé

koûbê INTERR how many

kôfiti

of )

:

N

, ).

kòk gêm game

PHR

. 2 2 . . . .

n

n

kôpâgni kôparé

see kou

see how

kôbê

kòf dèyè trunk

strong box

( of

.

.

2 . . .

hull

horn

kôba

.

,

. .

.

-

fò N

(

safe

kòmâsé

kòvé

knowledge

,

.

in

VB

n

VB n

auto

CPD

kòn

kòsaj

kôn PHR

Miz

Sis

message

könésâs

collar anger colleague

—

kòm

flay

rooster

n 1 n

kòl

kòlè kòlèg

n

kônèkté

twist trunk

cock

kômè

kômisiô

skin

rack

kòfré kòk

: nâ -

rope

kôdé

kòf

PHR

cash

kòché kòd

. Exoc

n

'sip ;

cent ; money

vs begin . beginning . godmother ; friend (f . ), ‘ gos

koúmâsé

kômâsmâ

n

body ; self .

n

kòb n

on

kò

,

komâsé

.

.

kozmâ n conversation

kókôm n cucumber .

be

chat . talk . VB PHR : with , court .

n

2 . VB ak talk

kozé

kòb

1, n

kozé

insect ). kðkirâ n competitor , rival. kôkou n help .

;

koz N cause .

of centipede

(a kind

kôgolo n congolo

; . .

.

to

.

n cotton

kotô

aside , beside ,

: a-koté

PHR

n

PREP

by, next

241

’‘,

HALL ]

ADJ con

·

AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

kôsilté vb consult .

.

, consommé, broth . observation .

kôstaté ve witness , observe

story , account ; dispute , quarrel ,

koupé - kolón N CPD a kind n courage .

row .

.

kôtâ ads content , glad

joy .

kouray

count, depend . , kôtinié kôtinwé yo continue . kôtou n corner . kôtraj n contrariness . kôté VB

,

find

. 2.

be

con

contradict . kôtrè ADJ opposite. kôtribié VB contribute .

. .

,

, .

)..

m

(f .) .

a

plant

.

(

n

of

;

n

.

lid

n n

-

;

kô ,

:

, (

.

-

,

neighborhood

co

.

n

kraché kraké

).

of

bird

spit

crack

crumb

.

n

necktie fragment

VB crush

little something

.

a

;

.

kravat krazé

kind

(

.

.

crab fisher

n

krabié

see kômâsé

.

crab

REL ADV how

.

,

,

—

krab

n

koûmâsé

vi

. .

to

ADJ

vs

VB

.

.

sink

kind

see kôbê

.

snake

;

,

leak

cousin

CPD

koûmâ kômâ INTERR

.

go

, of .

.

n

flow

kouzin

kras

firefly

color

n

.

.

. , as so . .

a

,

,

. . .2 .

sew

cuckoo

.

n n

koulèv

lie a

:

.

1

n VB

koukouy koulé

soup

fish

kitchen

n

koukou

kind

elbow

PHR

koulè

PHR

nèg

coward

koûbit combite operative bee

down bed kouchè plat horizontal

kouché koud

kouzê

dastard cousin

koûbê

n

vi n

koubouyó

.

n

koubé

koujin

also

kouze

like this thus curve bend corner bend bow

VB

koub

stroke

Exoc

like

)

kòn

kô -

sa ,

kòm

, , , , . b

)

in

)

n

SUBORD

N

PREP

time

tablecloth blanket

kouyô

blow

.

cover

kouvri ve cover

neck

.

n seamstress

kouvè n kouvèti

health conversation

. 2 .

.

kou

1

kôvèsasið

.

.

seam

knife.

kouto n

.

,

Adj

.

n custom

koutirièz

,

,

n sewing

koutim

examine ; review meddler busybody

kôvalésât

kouse N cushion

kouti

ill

n

kôtrolè

n

kouté VB 1. cost . 2. listen .

kôtribisiô n contribution , tax . kôtrol n control . kôtrolé VB check

of plant .

kout ADJ short .

vi

kôtrédi

solemn

current ( of water ) . kouri vb run , hurry . kouròn n crown . kous n race ( running ). N PHR : tout kous (at ) full speed . kourâ

kôtré VB 1. meet with trary , opposite .

a

.

n strength

n

kötâtmâ n

, happy .

. .

kôt ( R ) PREP against

kouraj

.

n

koupé vb cut . koupé- asosyé VB CPD make contract .

1

kôt

.

.

n

N PHR the time ; at present , now . koupab Adj guilty .

present

kôsomé n bouillon kôstasið

corridor .

kou - n - yé - a

-gro

kðsolé VB console

,

n passage

koulwa

kou - l- yé - a ,

comfort .

n

2

kôsolasiô

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

n

242

.

. 2 .

n

labalên

.

-

tree

bread fruit

n

whale

dwelling

n

labitasiô

labitid habit laboryèz ADJ hard working

krêt N fear .

labou

krêtif N fear . krié n cry .

lach

.

-

.

.

.

;

,

. n . .2

1

VB

.

. . 2.

1 n

.

n

.

-

n

.

n

.

n

.

,

N

,

-

.go

.

.

go

to

,

n

-

. .

in

,

. be

vb

n n

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

.

)

.

(

. .

,

,

n

n

n

lakôfiâs confidence lakôpâgni company yard court lakou

.

n

;

n

. .

home house lakomin town hall trip along the coast lakot coast lakô mean action SCH n

to

at ). (

lips contempt

time

, (

n

n

,

vs

.

n

,

; .2 .

N

.

lakay

day

n

. or 's

.

de

.

laj

agony swamp

lagoon

n

.

spoon

.

, ,

bake cook copper brass

rout utter

CPD

war

lajoûnê

. .

vb

one

out

age ADJ wide broad large lajâ silver money pay lajâtri silverware laji spread enlarge widen lajistis justice 1

(

.

, . .

ve

n

vb

n

kwiyè

n

kwiv

n

-

.

.

)

VB

catch

show indifference

kwit

n

-

op

an

.

).

;

of

(

,

.

Gal

ADV CPD nevertheless

kwi leather kwipé smack

trust

need

vo leave let

lagoni

believe think corner

n

kwê

guard

lagè

kwazé VB cross kwèi

smoke faith

feat

.

VB

N

n

sa

-

kwak kwapé

fever

lagad

tree

although

PHR

inside within

she devil

lafwérad

lagô

SUBORD

licism

cowardly

hunt

into

CPD

lagé bird kébé

cross

ké

-

kwa

fork

get dirty

crupper buttocks squat

kroupi kwa

soil dirty

hook

n

kròk kroup

lafwa

lagé

, , ).

vB

ponent kroté

dâ

-

la

kriz

-

ak

:

to

bring down

(

n

trip

tôbé

.

,

have throw krochèt

VB PHR fit

crisis ,

n

lafimê

fit .

kriz

lafièv

mane .

n

ADV

ladyablès

adj criminal .

kriminèl kriniè

lachas

loose

charity

ké

. .

crime.

n

mud

adj

lacharité

a

krim

n

krèt n crest .

krich n jug krié vB cry

.

,

bread

.

laba

labapin

.

soul. krévé vs burst . kréyô N pencil . krèch n manger , crib .

,

ADV there

. -

2 . n person

n

ADJ Christian .

bacon

.

ADV CPD over there yonder

n

1.

la -

krétê n imbecile . krétyê

kitchen .

n

.

krésố n

la

creature . water - cress .

n

1

Adj hollow .

kréati

kwizin

kwiziniè n cook . kyoulé vb draw back

.

ice - cream

kré

a- laglas

PHR : krèm

N

35 )

.

cream

ba

n

pê

krèm

243

CREOLE

.

HAITIAN

HALL )

AMERICAN

244

lakré n chalk . lakwizin n kitchen . lalign n taxi .

lâ

inability to remain

to speak

,

silent .

-.

.

lâg - alèlè n CPD talker Lâglétè

.

, chatterer .

England .

n

lâk n ink .

lamarié n bride . lamé n army . lanèj snow .

làm

blade .

N

N

PHR : lâm lâmè wave

(of the sea ) .

lâmè n lâmori

lanouriti n nourishment . laparâs n appearance . lapé n peace .

lâmou

pain . VB PHR : fè lapèn

tress .

public square , Place laplên n plain . lapolis n police . n

, ocean . . n half . love . N

sea

n codfish

lâmotché

lapè n fear .

laplas

see nâ

n conch

lâdémê 1. N next day . 2 . Adv later lâg n tongue ; language .

lalwèt - téta N CPD compulsion

n

- PREP -

labi

lalin n moon . lalwa n law .

lapên

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

d

dis-

' Armes .

n

PHR : fè lâmou

ak

court , make love to . lânwit N night. lâp n lamp ; head - light.

.

lâsé VB catch with a lasso lâtémâ ADV slowly .

lâtouraj , lâtouray

n fence

.

mail , post -office. lapli n rain . la priè 1. n prayer . 2 vs pray . la prosèsyô n procession .

lâvi vs want to , desire to . lâvi -mouri n CPD imprudent person

larad

léjé ADJ light (not heavy ). lékiri N stable . lékòl n school, college.

larozè

,

larouzè n dew

lémôn léné

.

lasal n room . lasi n wax . n evening

laswaré

.

, ground ; world . soaking . flood .

lésé

n

lavalè n value.

lavật

n

(bill of) sale .

lavé vb wash lavi n life .

.

lavil n city , town . lay n garlic . lâ

adj slow .

eldest

.

enemy.

inheritance . Europe . vb leave (go away n n

from

).

VB

PHR

:

.

lésé - grênê

n CPD carelessness lésièl n sky , heaven .

.

lésiv n laundry ( clothes to be washed ) . lésivyè n washerwoman .

.

léskalyé n staircase lésklav N slave . lésklavaj lésô

n slavery

.

. intelligence mind

n lesson

pri

lés

N

lavalas

n

lésé tôbé drop

latè n earth

latrâp

world .

N

Adj

lénmi léritaj Lérop

.

wit

.

larékòlt n harvest . lari n street . lariviè n river . larotè n height .

légliz n church

,

harbor .

n

.

n vegetable ( s ) .

légim

,

n

n

lapòs

HAITIAN CREOLE

.

,

.

.

(

)

it

.

.

,

,

.

.

,

.

. 2 .

.

, .

. 2 .

).

(

.

).

.

. . .)

.

.

's .

. ).

50

(

.

.

n

.

,

.

., .,

-

at

.

-

. 2 .

as

as

; .

of ;

the

conj when

.

,

. .

ve n

.

;

.

.

,

length

VB

lôjé

.

. in .)

.

,

(

;

45

,

extend stretch reach Haitian yard lou Adj heavy lukewarm

lôn

n

.

:

.

shade

. .

lôg

.

.

n

.

.

shadow

ADJ long

lôgè

ADJ liquid

thunder

long

n

adj

lôbraj

fèlign court

;

.

n

lòd

lidé intend

discipline

speak

lòt Adj other next lô

),

(

;

gê

:

pur

lieutenant

,

n

n

n

n

.

n

lò

;

. 2 .

it

,

; .

.

intent ion

line style VB PHR liquor

. .

quasi prep

quasi

order command

.

, .

,

.

time

time

lòray

VB PHR

2

thunder

imbecile

praise

lòmê

.

n

crazy

gold

climbing vine

idea opinion

n

he

hospital

1

.

,

.

her

chance loké

271

n

.

n N

he ,

she

liberty

.1

n

.

. .

n n

n VB

him

free

N

n n

likid

louâj

invitation

liana

n n

n

lié

likè

education

place

liétnâ lign

instruction

tèt

author cause hotel authority lotorité lotè

lotèl

read

pose

opportunity

;

.

. 2 .

.

.

n

.

1

lib lidé

talkative person

storm

lostrogo

worry

PRON

Adj

libèté

loraj

interest

lênitasyộ

liân

lopital

milk

enemy

lêstriksiô lêtéré

1

ve n

n

place

.

lèv lèt n n N 1

lêkiétid

.

(w n

n

lokal

loké Ads crazy

Monday

lênêmi

li

lodyâsè

SCT

letter lips

lêdi

conversation

lodè lodyâs

east

Gallicism

read

. Cl :

.

;

n

lès

pound

supply perfume

lokazyô

see énmi wool blanket

-

lèlmi lèn

winter imper

n

.

lèd

adj ugly

lo

,

.

seem

- up be be

top

VB PHR

.

havior likely

above appearance

; ,

high

PHR

lè

Exoc

lè

.

. 3 : . : â gê -

, air .

2

livè lizé

literature

book

eight

.

hour , time; as quasi - prep , at the time of ; as quasi -conj, when . Exoc PHR : a -lè on time , prompt . 1.

n

quart liter

refrain

struggle

lité

1

; wake , awaken .

arise

jacket .

litany

;

,

on

lè

N coat

liv

lévé

lévit

struggle

litani

n

. vb lift ; rise ,

n

n gospel

lot vb (

lévâjil

; abroad .

parts

n

n foreign

n

létrâjé

limit spectacles

list

n

létikèt n label .

boundary glasses

n

linèt

lit lis

léti n

n

lake , pond . lcttuce .

,

n

limit

n

,

limiè

létâ

she her

.

li -

self

létajè n shelf . n

himself itself emphatic light flash

PRON CPD

mêm

,

chest .

state .

n

he

,

léstômak n stomach léta

245

li ,

HALL ]

AMERICAN werewolf .

makak

louvri vb open . lwa n loa (African god ) .

rent. lwé VB rent , hire , let . lwés N west . lwê Adv distant , far away . layé n

oil . league (measure distance ).

mackerel . makwa ADJ inelegant. mal 1. N a ) mail . b ) trunk . c ) evil , wrong , harm . 2 . ADJ male . 3.

mak

n

mark .

. .

up

.

of

up ,

.

.

,

vb

. . 2 .

.

,

.

.

.

maré marêgwê

.

. . .

bandanna mosquito CPD

bind

strap

.

tide

,

maré

tree and wood

kind

twin

,

marasa

.

mapou

,

maniè maniòk

tie

.

rascal tin can pot kettle manner manioc

.

kind of scorcerer magistrate .

n a N

of, despite .

mamit

vB

majinatè

in spite

(maize ) .

malvéyâ

filth

maltreat

.

n corn

majistra

rag

CPD

, .

magré PREP

trété

unfair

CPD CPD

. of .

grand .

mai

-

( in popé magotôn

ADJ magnificent , splendid ,

magnifik

propté

n

doll).

ônèt

N

rag

n

ADJ

mal

mal mal

-

, malediction . shop , store .

-

magotôn

.

malfini

n curse

magazê N

)

ADJ naughty hawk malmâ ADV badly

malfézâ

madâsara n a kind of bird . madi n Tuesday . madicho

un

.

.

CPD

trunk

. . 2 .

n jaw

; wife ; Mrs .

n

lady

small

n

n

ADJ

poor unfortunate

sore

n a

, machwè

madâm

malêg

n

machwa

, , ill ill . .

n

n

malèt

(of auto) .

board

happy

; running

poverty

N

mal

.

.

badly brought

CPD

mannered 1

engine

ADJ

élvé

,

,

mal

-

é machine

machokèt n blacksmith . mach - pié CPD sidewalk

kind food maldyòk evil eye luck malédiksyonê curse

(

informed .

maché - gadé VB CPD be well machin

.

malāga

n

together combine maché - bwété VB CPD limp .

âsâm

VB N

, work

,

ill

function . VB PHR : maché

go

n a

merchant -woman . market . 2 . VB walk ,

n

1. N

,

malad ads sick maladi disease sickness malpwi Adj badly brought

.

machân

n

ADV badly

(stair) step . machâdiz n goods, merchandise . n

maché

- saddle .

pack

n

mach

pair of

a

- cat . kind of straw bag ; basket ,

n a

makriyo

marble (plaything ) . mabi n mabby ( a kind of drink ) .

mab

(of

n tom

makout

tèt n n

n n

.

steers ) .

makou

-

lyé

macaque

2.

staff

makònê ve lock horns

ill -

lwil

,

stick

makôn n sheaf . makònaj n crossing

.

n

n praise

;

. mark ; notice .

maké vB

éré

lwâj

monkey .

1.

N

wood

n

N

bear (animal ).

n

-

lous

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

n

lougarou

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

1

246

lie .

a

vb

. 2 .

,

.

)

.

).

(

.

.

.

,

,

.

PL )

(

.

,

;

n

.

.

, ,

.

.

.

.

;

,

n

.

.

.

,

lay move

;

mété

:

PHR

join

,

âsâm

nâ -

; ;

mété

;

, VB

,

.

:

-

â

place

.

, . sit

( é )

,

vb VB

.

n

vs

delay

réta

put

.

. .

.

,

-)

.

( ve (V

,

,

.

.

.

. )

(

,

.

,

-)

V

mégr thin lean Wednesday mékrédi grindstone whetstone mèl

(

mèg ADJ

. ).

of )

N

(

-

,

large upper class house furniture vilbrékê PHR bit tool piece

.

-

;

nâ

,

;

in

,

in

dâ

-

vb

N

,

N

mèch

measure means

n

.

.

of

. .

falsehood

mézir

measure

n

:

mézô

n

.

,

N

.

, ).

,

mézi méziré

n

.

. . . .

vb

of

;

,

,

with

pig

(

n a

,

set

down

believe trust plas mété include mété put into position profession métié trade business overpower métrizé méyè miyò adj better

mèb

breast udder lie

n n

put

la

.

;

;

eat only every other poverty

,

VB

,

dinner

member limb mother PHR mâmâ kochô

sow n

n

slight

metal

REFL

.

,

,

. . vb

,

meal

.

be VB in

VB n

. .

2

fodder

mâmâ ADJ big immense plant mâmâwân kind mâsôy

scorn

deserve

confidence

the depths māké miss fail lack complement almost

mâmèl

threaten despise

work together mété kôfiâs

eat

CPD

-

soté

day

mâmâ

mét

.

.

bê n N

-

N 1

food

n

métal

.

,

,

.

mérité

touch

mango

's

n

n

machete ask request beg demand

,

-

by

mâm

n

n

.

grab

home

work

threat

vb

.

ménas

mâdolin mandolin mâ fou CPD careless person mâgnê mâyê feel touch examine

mâjé

n n

,

household

.

of

a

N

CPD

.

vo n

mâdé

mâjé

n

vb

.

.

. .

.

VB

méprizé

-

n n

plant

ménasé

mâchèt

mâgo

N

-

.

.

2

N

.

.

melon mélê mémwa memory ménaj ménay household

handle

mâché

evil cruel ladies

mix confuse interfere

mélâjé

kind peanut butter

maba mâch

.

,

n

1

—

hammer

mayi bouyi

lash

médam

mélé

see matéla

coat

médikamâ medicine medicament treatment médsîyê medicine plant mégri thin become thin

torture matter

n

mato

n

matiè matla

tell

Miss title May

n

.

-

2

.

. 3 .

sledge

.

.

n

la

( é ) n

n

mati

mébi

woman

méchâ ADJ wicked

.

. , 2 .

,

1

n

un

.

,

)

(

.

mé

wild savage mas March mask hammer masonry wattle daub masô mat mattress matériel ADJ material morning matê tamed

liar

mâzè

.

of

.

n a

fruit

marinate pickle light ADJ brown 1

marô

ve

marînê

wrap

mâtò

falsehood

lard

vB

marié vB marry marigouya kind

n

n

mâto

.

n

.

n

mâtèg

lie

mâti 1 .

mari husband mariaj marriage

, .

godmother .

n

247

vB

marên

CREOLE

(

HAITIAN

HALL )

mo n word . model n model , pattern . moli VB soften . moment

, engine . ADJ bad . N PHR : mové average

moyê

means way bit part

mikròb

mòd

.

n

.

,

(

:

.

.

,

in

,

,

VB

N

. . 1

.

2

.

.

.

;

;

.

,

,

).

loa

.

a

by

:

;

VB

-

; ) .

(

(

.

VB

.

fly

. 2 .

-

N

.

vb

.

n 1

msié

blow

the

.

. :

N

.

?

PHR

;

human com moun who

people

: ki

.

pany

N

.

moun

.

person

, . 2 .

N

N

.

n

mouchwa handkerchief PHR mouchwa kou PHR neckerchief grind moulê mill 1

PREP PHR

:

.

.

see

nose

adoration

).

.

-

show

n

;

of

.

machine gun méyè

.

n

-

nâ mitâ between

miyòsee

).

(

.

.

mouché

vaudoun cult center middle

act

CPD

hy

hypo

ADJ soft

mouch

,

(

in

n

n n

.

,

.

,

.

n

mou

VB watch

mitrayèz

n n

.

-

's

ve

.

N n

môtré

object

hypocrite

CPD

hill mountain piece bit lump part

possessed

midnight

mystery

PHR

change money mônê môt watch time piece môté moûté climb ride wind clock VB PHR môté lwa be

harp

minister minute

n

mitâ

n

.

of

.

.

mòso

misiésee msié mistè

Exoc fashion

critically mòn

.

N

miré

.

pocrisy

multiply mimiré ve murmur grumble

minwit

n

-

.

,

of

. 1. 2 . .

mine

fashion

-

a

.

-)

( n

n n

min

jew

ADJ

bite

mòdé souflé

center

miltiplié

mode

lamòd modern

vb

.

n

n

N

mòdé

million

militô

minis minit

1

.

. .

vb

n

1000

1000

harness

dead

miltat Vmilatr mulatto milatrès mulatto woman milèt mule milié sum 1000 amount milið

n

.

,

-

n

n

mò

microbe

mil NUM

,

noon midday honeycomb mignonê caress

.

mwayèn

n

moyèn

midi mièl

weed

.

n

motè n motor mové

trades

, instant. , 1. n moral advice . 2 . ADJ moral .

momâ moral

zèb

.

of all -

2. ADJ ripe CPD jack

n

.

. AdJ marvellous , splendid . mê 1 . n hand . 2 VB (impersonal ) behold , here is (are ) , there is (are ) . 3 . COORD but. mêm 1 . ADJ same . 2 ADV even , yet . mênê ve lead , take. mês ADJ thin . mèvèyé

mi 1. n wall . michel morê

music , tune . miziré ve measure . mizisiê n musician . mizik

mèvèy N marvel

2

of the house , host .

mizadò ADJ slow . mizé vb delay , waste time. mizérab AdJ miserable . mizérikòd n mercy . mizè n ( V mizer -) poverty , misery .

).

service ). 2 .

mass ( church

VB

1.

n

manners , customs, mores . mèsi M -CL thanks . mèt n ( V métr-) master ; as quasi -verb , be able . N PHR : mèt kay- la master

;

mès

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

of

AMERICAN

248

249

nétyé VB scurry

mustache mosquito

névèn

n

néyé

.

be

gê

:

.

.

3

. . .

; .

.,

-

,

;

,

;

.

.

2

:

. . .

.

; . .

)

(

or

,

. . .

ni

CL

ki

. .

.

n

-

a

.

)

of

(

.

.

n

2

n

. .

n

.

.

. 2 .

. .

.

N

;

( , as

;

us

,

;

you

, .

nouri

vb

nouriti

food

nurse

.

.

modern

nouvo ADJ new

.

.

feed

).

(

child

's

n

)

,

attribute our your nouvèl news

nouris

).

(

;

in

.

;

,

N

N

nò

n

n

man

name appoint

n

necessary

school

ADV now

uncle

om

n

.

,

. .

birth

ship

mark

name

.

1

nôk

n

,

di - be - . )

(

are

.

.

:

.

.

n n

hori

wedding party

nou PRON we

.

vs

nivo

November

note record

,

. .

clean

ladder neglect omit

ADJ

nòs

nômê

.

nésèsè

is

)

there

.

n

N

nésâs

;

,

. (i

mpersonal

sword

n

népé

nor

ADJ notable

north wedding

nôm

vs

—

n

néglijé

the

nòt

knot

néchèl

after negative

record

novâm

nô

see nègès

nétwayé

né

off

,

-

nâ

;

in

sâs toward

in

;

among

mitâ

no .

-

pwê

négès

from

soul

. . . vb

N

rection

between

of . nâ -

:

PHR

tween

nâ

noté

.

n

lâ -

-,

PREP

wreck

vB

.

.

notab

ve 1.

nofraj

nature

turnip

PREP

nam

Christmas

. -)

(

V

N

.

noèl

natir

natirèl ads natural

nâ

n

.

.

nivo

nation

navé

COORD

PHR

.

vb

n

.

-

n

n

N

mat

n

nat

nati

N

N

either

number level Exoc PHR zontal

niméro

net

nasiô

PRON

nest

n

-

nich

no matter anyone

niché lick niès niece niggard nigodêm

najé ve swim nap table cloth nas

quite

.

-

M

.

1

ni

at

as

Gallicism

a

:

( s )

PHR

quasi adv

ADJ bare nude

neither SUBORD

).

. .

ké -

unless

possessive

(

;

I,

)

less

ADV

mwês

(

.

—

me tribute my

mwe

ni

see moyên

mwê PRON

.

(

n

-

).

.

nêpòt

.

—

mwayên

nepòt

see moyê

Negro

nose

N

;

;

sir

n

(

,

half

n

mwatié mwayê

man

nèt ADJ thorough absolutely

nê

.

.;

N

mwa

ironically

person

man month

nèf

NUM nine

woman Negress CPD peasant hillbilly

,

.

,

.

,

,

Mr

gentleman

nég

-)

nèg mòn

môté

PHR

ADJ new

V

moûtésee

.

nègès négès

N

mouvmâ movement motion mouyé ADJ wet damp msié misié mouché

VB

.

. 2 . .

.

1

nerve

nervous opt nèg

. . .

, .

;

lamb

novena drown

N

.

nèf

.

sheep

n

moutô

.

mustard

n

moutad

n

moustik

off .

die .. ule n

mouri vb moustach

vs

CREOLE

.

HAITIAN

HALL )

possessive

òm

74

,

(

. .

)

;

,

. . . .

.

;

as

or

or

or

biê ou

. 2 .

. . . ou

vb :

.

.

. .

priest

's

. .

vaudoun

n

,

roûgâ

assistant

.

n

breeze

vaudoun temple precincts

.

n

to

go

vw

2

else

open

.

)

,

to

time occa

lot

palto

.

.

. .

coat

)

palm

tree

.

VB

discuss

Royal

(

n

.

palmis n

.

palmâté

òdinèmâ ADV ordinarily

.

whisper

palace

.

,

,

,

palè

n

.

familiar

ADJ talkative

discuss

VB

PHR

:

speak

.

,

. , 2.

.

n

n

1

talk

palé dousmâ

plain

conversation

talker

,

.

palaver

vs

.

.

;

bundle

.

-

, . . 2 .

pack

.

.

.

1

n

n

n

.

.

,

palé

dare

,

. .

,

,

.

n

.

pakèt

paladò

.

b

.

VB

pig pen

park parcel

palab

vb

.

,

.

-

pak

authority

organ

.

,

)

a

N

.

.

.

).

.

-

.

,

time

auto

òdinè ADJ common ordinary usual òg n

perfume pafê pafwa Adv from sionally

pal adj pale

otwi INDEF PRON someone else others ozé

step

forgive

thorough

.

otorité

pardon

pafè ADJ perfect

hotel N

n

N

oto

padônê

paké

osi adv also too osito ADV immediately otèl

possession

PREP through by pa PRED PREFIX not pardon padè n

,

(

bye

good

1

pa

.

be

( of ).

.

-

M

medical

pillow

n

oréyé

CL

n

olié PREP instead opérasiô operation orévwa

share

2

.

,

,

;

look

October

n

oktob

, .

vo of ;

okipé

all

.K .,

business after mind take care busy tend manage n

okipasiô

O

-

M

CL n

.

.

oûfò

cor

either

vaudoun priest

n

, ,

.

.

.

oûlabriz

N

2

vb

.

.

N

workman

increase

.

(

,

.

,

.

1

open

oúga hoúga

okabiné excrement the toilet opportunity occasion okaziô right oké

COORD

ou

.

.

1

ou

.

,

ouvrié

ADJ

oûsi hộsi

1

.

,

.

n

.

' ÔZ

.

,

, .

PRON you

ouvri

. .

vb

ogmâté

worthy

Nom eleven

COORD PHR

offer VB

ofri

upright

ADJ honest polite

ouvé

adv officially

ofisièlmâ

wound

dress

honor

relative

officer

n

ofisié

.

(

,

,

n

,

n

n

ofis

)

!

n

odiâs

n

Ôdoyé

oblige

odor smell audience conversation scullery

n

odè

force

remark observation daring boldness

obsèvasió odas

hearken

ornament

vb

.

)

't

't

(

isn

any

ônèt

the Gallicism obey

to

ve ve

oblijé

.

-

.

cl . .

aren

oh

CL

-

0 M

-

0

PREP

clock

see nôm

ônè

obéyi

pride anger

ònémâ

there

-

m

nyapad

MEMOIRS

.

cloud harm

n

vs

ògèy

òlòj

ASSOCIATION

n

)

black

n

ADJ

. 2 .

neck

night

n

nwi nwit

( of

N

nape

.

1

nwa nwaj

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

.

250

AMERICAN

vb

,

. 2 .

,

be

VB

.

.

. : 2 . fè

,

:

.

. 3 .

.

,

. .

. .

. 2 .

.

,

vb 1

-

. .

ve

n

vB

.

. .

.

.

;

)

b

.

.

a

) .

vB a

vB

. .

2

.

.

,

n

.

.up pé

: .

VB

PHR

shut

.

.

,

explode

. . . .

;

,

burst forth out with

burst deceive

. .

,

mouth

,

's

, . ; ,

fish

.

1

,

.

.

2

,

.up ).

(

a

.

ve

2

—

see patafyòl

.

payment

.

pay

.

, or

,

do

, ; .2 .

weigh press push down come down with following verb complement intensely heavily

.

.

.

ve

.

.

.

patch

pézé

n

péyâ

péyé

VB vo 1

.

,

VB

trick

cheat

peace

land salary payment

fart

out

pétéfyèl

.

VB

,

n

patché

VB n

let

.

,

minister

patafyòl pétéfyèl exterminate patajé share divide patat sweet potato paté

n

n

pété

.

)

wages

.

n

n

country

pastor

patience pasyâs pat paw

vB

n

of

.

n

(

n

Protestant strainer

trousers

close one

pemâ

péi

wound

slipper

bouch

péché

indecent

paské SUBORD because paswa

pants

little Gallicism keep quiet shut

..

,

-

)

kind

dance pastè

pé pé n vo 1

., be

.

as

CPD

a

(

n

-

more than

quasi prep

.

,

surpass

dress

slope

n

. . . .

. .

pât

pâtouf

clothes

think thought lodgings

1

.

,

,

.

pâsió

.

. 1. . . ;

.

2

press

raj

pasé

hang

N

. on

n

n

n

n

VB

than

pân

pâtalô

pass

panié

see

adj Spanish

such

word

dangle

hang

pâgnòl pâsé

pas ford pasaj annoyance pasé

SUBORD while

clock

pâgnê

.

,

pâdyé

.

yo

parèy ADJ similar like godfather parên parié vi bet

pâdil

pâdyânê

purpose parés pré ADV appear parèt

paròl

.

pâ n

draft

. .

,

,

n

parésé

lean PREP during

because

screen ( to shut parade review parent relative prepare get ready Adj lazy

VB

paré

pâché

n

n

parâ

become

peacock

pâdâ

off

paravâ

pay

patriot

ve n

patriòt pavni

parapli n umbrella . parapòt PREP because of . parasòl n parasol. parad

1

PHR : papié sablé

parchutist .

n

de

numerous trouble poverty misery VB PHR pasé pay suffer trouble pie

,

. papié n paper ; bill . N sand - paper . papiyô n butterfly .

leave

PHR

frequent

n papaya

parachitis

straw

. .

pay

skid pasture

.

father .

patiraj

n

wall (of house ).

bit

1

pano N

papa

n

patinê

.

pâgnê n basket

papay

kao

flat tire , puncture .

tchou

,

:

PHR

N

part

part

n

breakdown .

n

panié

pati pan

).

pan

251

n

pami PREP among .

CREOLE

vo .

HAITIAN

HALL ]

:

.

.

. 2 .

.

1

-

;

.

-

.

.

, .

vo n

,

.

on

,

,

.

,

VB

red

.

.

,

n

.

-

vB n (

.

-)

)

. .

n

vo (

.

.

of

. .

vo

.

.

. 2 .

.

1

.

n

.

,

.

,

,

. .

,

;

N

son

.

fi

: -

. ,

VB

.

,

.

N

vo n

hope

, ;

,

hand

.

)

of

.

2

flat

(

. . . .

.

1

dish

.

N

ceiling

.

beach

someone seat

's

in

.

record

cast

,

smack

,

)

phonograph

).

(

square

instead

,

ride

Exoc

Gal

of (

-

-

a

dé

PHR

).

,

park laplas

licism

room

),

(

job

,

. office

position

:

. . . .

a

.

. . 1

;

,

hall

single

n

, .

plas piece

room

.

wish

face

. 3 . -)

v

.

coin

pigeon

daughter

't

plaj

plaké

plot

piés

gasô

vo (

( lit .

. .

)

VB

plafộ plak

patch

trap

(

n 2 n

pijô

feet

PHR pitit

pirouette

don

stone

n

n

pièj piès

chig

little millet

prefer

n

pié

compassion

CPD

child

n

. PHR

.

sore

-

gery

sorghum

look out take care with following verb complement

fore :

.

,

tree

N

a

:

N

,

ve

.

.

1

. 2 .

pîga

often

pié douvâ

pié chik ADJ CPD with

piè

n

-

.

)

20

piwèt

.

.

0

($

,

pito

bwa tree

piésé

— n

.

. .

-) -

.

n

N

foot

lot

PHR

plant

small bird

peanut pistol

pitit

plis

foot

punish

pwiské

pity

mi

pitit

pias piastre gourde piblik Adj public pié

n

n

:

.

.

.

pitié

piti

paint

pinch

pepper

pisto influence pull piti ADJ small little slight

paint

pichkânê

crush

urinate see n

.

pistolè

hen

pêtir

step

punishment tobacco pipe

pistach

.

(

-pi

see

pêtiré

n

.

.

,

,

VB n

guinea VB v

pêti

n

pêtad

pimiento

a

, .

.

n

n

VB n

-

a

pinch

pêsé

Exoc

PHR

pên hardly pliers pincers

n

pês

piské

comb difficulty pain

offend

flea

pisé

comb

pêgnê pên

pis

.

.

. 2 .

1

pê

n

pêgn

penguin

PHR

pestle

pipi urinate pipirit kind

pine

bread

pick axe

Vpinis

n

pip

persuade

pètèt Adv perhaps pêgwê

wound pickles

pinisiô

.

vo

pèswadé

Exoc

bed bug

pini

persistent

nobody

N

pèsôn

.

ADJ stubborn

pèsistâ

pik pil

n

.

.

.

n

pinèz

pla n

n

, .

pimâ

ADJ shy timid pest

thorn prick

n

.

. 2 .

. .

pilô

peak

heap pile pound stamp

pilé

permission

people

pèrèz pès

allow

n

pèmisiô pèp

,

.

vs

pèmèt

pikâ

piké

pikliz pikwa

pearl

spade

snare

n

pélê

shovel

1

n

pèl

faint .

pick

pik steep

n

pèdi

. c)

afraid , fear . PHR : pèdi kônésâs

n

vi be vb lose . VB . 2.

â

pè 1 . N a ) father , priest . b ) pair fear

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

n

AMERICAN

252

.

.

.

.

.

.

n

.

.

a

).

; in

;

.

.

,

.

-

:

(

).

n

.

,

,

he

,

sâ

n

ve

.

50 .

)

.

.

, .2 .

.

.

at

.

1

n

.

n

, .

.

. .

,

tè

:

N

Irish

lay

.

.

de -

.

n

).

(

VB

,

;

up

.

VB

jump

and

of .

.

to

PREP

,

to

because PHR poud élévasiô

.

:

due

N

.

n

order

in

of ;

tèt

,

pou

-

:

for

.

-

po

;

bèt

po

:

. .

.

colt stallion

.

poulê

: .?

N

)

termite

.

.

EXOC PHR why

chicken

, .

.

pudding

.

poul

n

pou

sa

ki (

ADJ polite

,

2

.

.

.

1

hop

powder baking powder

poudî polish

rascal politik ADJ political n

n

pò

pòt n

n

.

.

.

N

PHR poud

smooth

polisô

pòm

eggs

pump pump PREP

pou

hide

wrist

NVB

PHR

down

bottle

n

n

pognèt

poli

poté

picture photograph

n

-

. -

in

pôpé

.

,

,

,

,

pôp

plunge

.

n

various

bouch lips pobâ

entrance

gate

apple potato

fold

PAR

253

bridge

pôm

ex

a

'

more

pôn

vb

VB VB

po

skin

pòtay

SCT

pot

n

. of

-

a

,

piis besides

follow

.

plôjé

now

.

.

-

;

.)

ADV

cess

bend

door portal

n

. or

.

:

k

adv

plizié ADJ several many plotônê haul pull ployé

n

-

).

.

attribute

as .

adj

ing

plight

pozisyo anxious

pòv ADJ poor fighting cock pòy pose position pòz

pen

pluck

pi

n

pli , VB

(

plimé plis

set

pocket

pòtésee

plis

see

feather plume

trouble

pòkò adv not yet pòz ADJ rest

pòtrè

ADV

, 2.

rain

N

1

plim

ground

position PHR

pozitiv Adv just pòch

bring bear who bears scar

stake pause rest

Exoc

pô n

.

of

n

pli

.

animals complaint

.

1

plêt

carry

CPD

post

pozisyô

pòtal

ADJ pregnant

(

plain

.

.

fill

. 2 . 2 . . VB

VB

n

.

plê 1

pozé

complain

pòté

poté mak

poto

prosternation

VB

poté

plâni vb level . plâté VB plant . plédé VB argue ( a case ) ; vie ; be busy . . . - ing . plézi n pleasure . plèz a pleasantry . VB PHR : bay plèz talk merrily .

plên

possible

pot

n

pot

,

, pattern , out .

program

plâché n floor .

plêgnê

possession

ADJ

postènasiô

line . 2 . plant , seed plâch n plank , board .

ADJ full

n

,

posésiô

n

,

population

popilè ADJ popular posédé VB own possess posib

platré n plaster . n 1. plan

.

.

platô n plateau

plâ

popilasiô

(

plat 1. n plate. 2. ADJ flat, horizontal plati vb flatten . plato ' n tray , plate .

doll

n

popé

.

semi-marriage ) .

in

n

place

n

vb

plasé

plastè n plaster (medical ) .

253

CREOLE

(

HAITIAN

HALL )

Phr

poul

þwa

AMERICAN

254

prézâ ADJ present .

foal.

.

prêsès n princess .

.

.

.

vo lend borrow ,

.

.

-m

prouvé

.

. 2 .

.

.)

(

.

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

, .

.

.

neat

tidy

cleanliness prove

clean

.

pròpté

pwa pea bean rouj red beans n

ness prété

pròp Ads clean

PHR

:

.

N

pretend

prétâsié ADJ vain , proud , haughty . prétâsiô N vanity , arrogance , haughti

object

provision

, . . 2 . . V

,

proviziô

protect shield protector

,

claim

protéktè protésté

présié ADJ precious . vb

protéjé

ride

(s ).

.

case law procession

,

.

vb hurry .

prétân

prosé

walk drive pronounce propose property

.

.

proclamation

promise

(

eldest

prosésið

preparation

préparé VB prepare présé

profit

.

propriété

prémiér -) first ,

come

.

propozé

.

refl

progress

pronôsé

prémièmâ ADV first . n

progrè

promnad

prédi vb predict . préjijé N prejudice . prékosiô n precaution

préparasiô

profité

(s );

near .

vi preach .

near

nearer professor profèsè

promès

prémié ADJ ( v

bring

VB VB N

ADV

préché

problem

proklamasiô

.

get revenge

proché

).

.

.

2

.

.

ADJ practical . prâ ve take , seize , catch , trap ; con tain . VB PHR : prâ plézi enjoy ; prâ râsêgnmâ inquire ; prâ révâch pré

prob

.

clientèle

VB

,

;

problèm

customers

n

.

N

N

.

VB

1

ADV

ably

n

ve go

pratik

.

.

white flower .

pral ( é)

N

n

and

1 . .

kind of banana . CPD a kind of red

n

N

VB

n a

pra -diri

eeting

prison prizô prizônié prisoner privé ADJ private probab ADJ probable

a

pouyak

prayer prayer warning

prigad

n

poutâ ADV yet , nevertheless . pouvwa N power .

.

;

priè on

N

vo

prize

.

prêsipal AdJ main , principal . price cost charge rate pridâ ADJ prudent

.

pustulent matter . follow , pursue ; keep

n

pouswiv

ready .

.

prês n prince

pousiè n dust . poustim

n

;

grow

Adj proof .

,

,

.

repeatedly .

push

pousé VB push pousi n pig .

prèt , pwèt

prèv 2 inch

president .

prèské Adv almost .

VB n

vo

pousadé

.

thumb .

n 1

(also

n

.

pous

n

spoil

n

n decay

,

vi

prézidâ

N

pouriti

decay

prézâté

.

,

pouri VB rot, figurative ) .

bowel move -

,

vb defecate

1

N

n

VB .n

1

ment. 2 .

presentation . present , introduce .

prézâtasiô

pri

.

poupou

.

excrement ,

n

n

poulòs Adv immediately

n

poulich

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

pwa

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL )

.

pwav N pepper .

rara

rattle

pwélô n frying -pan .

ras race breed tribe species kind get tired grow rasazié stale

.) .

;

.

,

;

;

,

.

.

.

.

.

.

,

.

,

.

.

.) . 2 .

VB

etc

.

.

,

fix

,

.

.

,

.

,

,

collect

.

,

,

boat

.

)

(a

row

VB

yield

.

render

,

, .

-

ring dove give back

-

re

.

bring back

to

, .

vb

,

.

:

Tân vizit visit whinny bray

.

râs joking

-

nâ

:

.

.

.

snatch

.up

VB

.

VB

. .

. 2 as . .

of

.

,

.

.

n N

VB .

gather pick

râplasé replace joke râs Exoc PHR joke râsé vs

.

report

vi

,

,

N

.

1

as

a

n

kind

plants

rânimê animate life râpé creep

seldom

plant rap SUBORD soon rape weed bush N

râni

VB

hunting

,

)

of

bag

.

ramâ ADV rarely

rapò

vb

PHR

.

kind

bag ramôn

vb n

.

rân

.

,

,

(a

n

ve

tell relate pull drag

n

vo

n

,

.

n

.

râmé râmyé

halfort

,

.

vb .

n

n

.

vB meet oar

madness rajé bush backwoods ralé ralfò

(

,

.

. N

-

n

-

.

. -)

(

râkôtré

tâm

râmasé

rakôté

row

n

, .

.

VB

hate

N

vb

.

râkin

raisab Adj hateful

raj

rendezvous

reinforcement rag

n

.

n

N

râfò râgnô

arrange settle manage rancor spite meeting encounter râkôt

insolence

rafréchi refresh ragou stew rai rayi Vrais n

râdévou

râjé

radio

,

Adj helpful

appointment

.

-

inso

twist back around

râdât sèvis

1

-

(

,

. .2

ADJ bold

radiator boldness

n

radiès radio

N

râ n

).

.

2

. )

radish

N

.

1

Gal

razor

row

râbaré

harbor

lent radiatè

N

. . ; . . as

of

n

at

.g ). . . .

clothes

.

licism

radi

. 2 .

,

vi

.

tear off

1

n

rad

see rai ADJ miserable

razwa

mangle

rachônê

albino ravine

CPD

hollow

rail

.

vb

raché

ray rayi razè

wood

(e

axe

n

vB

(

n

-

.,

.

1

ra

rach

plane

ravin

spoliation

ravage

cockroach

ravèt blâch

ADJ rare scarce level quasi prep the level plane tool rabo raboté

,

.

n

N

n

ravèt

because

rake

n

ravaj

( of

.

,

) , . .

a

-

SUBORD since

rato

.

to of

(

N

(w )

p

iske

.

n a

vb

n

point

gather together

connect rasin root rat rat

kind flower land point pwêti cut pwi well for water pwet

fruit etc

assemble

pack

n

pwêsiyad

magic

. of

.

. 2 .

charm

yield

.

n

'.

'

rasâblé

.

n

hair dot

1

n

pwê

small fry

CPD

N

fri

-

pwésô

give

of . ; vb .. , . VB

pwasô .

pwésô — see

pwèl

n fish

N

rapòté

vb

pwasô , pwésô

255

, ,

. .

.

. .

-p

,

up

.

,

,

.

.

.

.

,

vs

.

(a

;

, .

.

.) . ).

. .

. . . ) .

(

late

.

-

:

â

.

.

,

.

réta

. .

,

ve

. up

turn

.

révâch

revenge

saleswoman

.

n

vo

vi

retreat

fate

.

's .

,

VB

,

stop

become again

rétrousé révâdèz

stay

CPD accept one take away strip

.

.

remain

vb

.

,

medicine

,

,

cure

.

thank

).

.

n

vs n

.

,

vs

rétiré rétrété

observe notice remark

remedy vb

vs

rété prâ

rétoûnê

.

N

n

rémèd

rémèsié

n

n

( )é

:

Télé

fò

).

school

(

recess

VB PHR

roar rélijiô religion rémaké

for

cutting

-

to

.

rét

.

,

shout

.

,

rétay

bed

again

recreation

call

n

rés

.

. .

up

go

vi

vB

rékréasiô

sew

n

rékoud

responsible

remainder rest réstorâ restaurant delay Exoc PHR réta

reward

back

metal

respect

adj

pôsab

réstâ

.

n

vb

rékouché

vB

rékôpâsé

n

.

,

VB

recommend

toast

respect

rés pékté

.

n

réspè

VB

.

résò

reception

spring

n

.

résèpsió

gratitude yo recognize rékônèt

rékônésâs

receive entertain

,

.

vs

claim

scold

census

guest

advertisement

reprimand

blame

vb n

).

résâsmâ résévwa

.

regiment rejoice

rékômâdé

rélé

vi n

in

-

;

n

.

bananas

harvest crop rékòlté ve harvest rékòlt

N

ala

!.

a

be

. 2 .

( of

réproch

.

n

n

réklam

réklamé

again take representation demand

marriage represent

réprézâté

shark

n

rékê

vs

réjwi

answer reply answer

réprimâdé

campaign

bunch

n

réjimâ

rejection anti

lace

reply

réprân

.

VB

reject

resting

réprézâtasiô

succeed

voodoo réjim

répôs

n

. vs

réjété

1

réisi

PHR :

N

shame sorry

regret

,

VB

régrèt what régrété

.

sorrow

répôn

.

,

regret

rest

répozwa

réglé vb arrange , settle ; solve . n

.

répozé

régilyé ADJ regular . régrèt

rest

N

répo

vb

.

reputation transplant

vb n

répitasiô réplâté

vs reflect .

réfléchi

répiblik

etc

well . réfijié vB (refl . ) take refuge. réfizé vo refuse

VB

répété

; heal , make

again

vb

make

keep pedaling

repeat republic

n

réfè vb do ,

repentance

répédalé

.

répâtâs

clothes

.

rédwi vs reduce . réèl ADJ real , actual . réèltémâ adv in reality .

spread

. .

répân

mend

. (

rédâ got n frock - coat.

repair press

.

répasé

.

n

renown fame

réparé

.

récho n charcoal burner

rénomé

( of

.

n

send away

thanks

VB VB vb n

in .

,

râvoyé vb dismiss

(MEMOIRS , 74

rémèsimâ

n

.

information

n

râtré VB go back

ASSOCIATION

n

râsêgnmâ

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

vo

AMERICAN

256

HAITIAN CREOLE

:

.

.

.

.

to

fè

go

:

VB

vb

. .

.

.

,

fè

:

.

roul

roam

.

.

)

see oùgâ

.

—

roûgâ

king rwa rwayal adj royal

.

kingdom

.

.

rwayòm

n

happen

fowl

irrigate

;

,

water

in

;

baste

(a

. 2 .

.

dew

VB

.

N

rust

sprinkle

.

; .

reach

.

of

)

, ( . e .g . .

money

way

road

1

rouzé

adventure

( at ),

.

a

of

VB

.

PHR

roll

roll

N

roulo rout rouy

n

.

roulé

n

)

.

.

.

. .

.

. ,

.

n

n

.

n

vb

laugh

. . .

, ,

vo

.

,

. ;

on

,

.

N

-

;

vb .

)

.

rolling

ing

risk

sudden

about

screen

. (

n

roul

horse whip

arrive rivet trick

n

n

rivèt

n

-

.

.

. . . 2 .

be

hope

risk

riské

rivé riz

regain

wealth riches

curtain

vb

n

ris

rigwèz

rôt

209

street ribbon

n

n

rido

Tôn

joke

CPD

lobster ring circle

rouf rouf adv rouj Adj red

Ads rich

richès

ashamed

hoe

rôma

rou

queen

born again

,

rich

be

wheel

the

snore

n

ribâ

n

.

n

1

ri

(

SCT

rôd

rouâ ADJ roan

2

rênèt

rein

. . . 50 .

N

rên

hand over

lover love

vi n

rêmê

1 vi .

rêmâ

give back

,

rêmèt

shame

rô

hip

(s ).

n

vb

rê

reverse

n

PHR

N

, misfortune ; trouble , nuisance , bother . loin (s ),

rèvè

round

rounds rôflé jwèt

.

eat

ADJ round

rôd

vB

rès n remainder , rest .

not ready

.

Ads ripe , ready for harvesting . rèl n shout , yell . rék

rèv n dream

pink

rô

rule ; ruler .

TÒZ ADJ

.

, unyielding .

part rôle ròròt ADJ unripe

. . . all 2 2 . . .

.

ròl

,

lots

,

draw

. .

rèd ads stiff , hard

VB PHR : gê rézô be rézô

n

you

n

right ; tiré

CPD pebble

ròd ads stiff hard

N

; lot .

rézô n reason

n

-

resolution .

N

dress

ròch galèt

.

rézolisið

ròb

.

firm

reed

.

.

rézoli adj resolute,

grain

roast

vb

roti rozo

rézîyê - see rézigné

règ

.

n resistance

vo resist.

rézisté

1

rézistâs

rotè

n

result .

n

pare

kind height

n

roroli

n 1

rézilta

clip

.

self .

faucet

keep prowling

rodayé rognê

PHR

.

.

one-

PREP

above

stone

n

(refl . ) resign

VB

PHR

high

of

-

â

PHR : rézê sèk raisin

N

tap

rock

N

roch

n

robiné

vi vo

.

n grape

rézê

rézigné, rézîyê

, , up , .

TO

. .

VB reserve

a

réyô N ray , beam

Exoc

)

high

(

help

ADJ

ridé

révolté VB revolt . rézèvé

mutually

vB

révéyé vB wake , awake , révoké vb dismiss .

257

ro

HALL ]

cook

AMERICAN

n ruin (s) . rwiné vs ruin , wreck .

rwin

INDEF N thing ; the one ; this . vb be able , may , can , can be .

2.

sand . 2 . saber .

adj wise . n sack , bag .

sékrè n secret

,

.

holy

sémên n week

séparé VB separate . sépâdâ ADV however séptâm séré

satisfaksiô

satisfaction . N PHR

:

.

.

sèkèy

,

. Ads dry

.

.

ring

2

.

,

circle coffin

PHR

:

N

.

).

of

.

see chèch sergeant

sèjâ

be

;

; , .

.

(

season

.

.

.

sèch

amazement

year time lapli rainy season sister

n

sè n

.

-)

flower

.

a

.

of ;

a

kind

direction

astonish

shock

sezô

2

.

sézô

sadr

graminaceous plant

,

sès N

CPD

sensible

. .

,

.

be

,

,

,

extremely

cinder

seize

amazed

astonishment

fright

like

, )

.

astonished

. N

sâ

-

CPD

éséyé

Vsézis

.

-

vb

.

1

N

ash

sister

sézismâ

sense meaning

n

sâ

-

n

-

sa

sâsib

n

sézi

center sâs

séyé

—

.

2

.

,

. 1 3 . .

alike

.

n

be

.

n

VB

resemble

sâmâmâ ADV very

pou

fem

ADJ severe

sévè

cinch sâmayé resemble

sản

optional

.

n

.

.

sésé

(

såg

trustworthy

,

.

,

n

n

. 2 .

100

assemble tray

ash

; (par

)

N

. NUM

pretense

N

sâdrié

squeeze

sérièzmâ ADV seriously cherry sériz

sideboard cupboard

seem

,

n

sérièz

blood

.

sâ sâ 1

.

.

PREP without

sâblé

press

n ceremony . night- dew . séri n lock . sérié ADJ serious , solemn honest , earn sérê

soap

saybòd

keep

ticiple ) taut , tight .

.

wise

September.

n

VB

est

savân dézolé desert

, yet, nevertheless .

sérémoni

satisfè vo satisfy . savân n plain , savanna ; field

sâblâ

PREP according to .

scoundrel .

, devil.

ADJ

.

.

.

;

Satâ n Satan

savô

.

sélô

dirt . samdi n Saturday . sapat n slipper .

savé

ak - rou

séklé

.

-pit .

n

n

:

sélé vB saddle .

.

dirty trick

n

VB PHR

secretary .

n

sékwé vb shake soil .

vB

n salt -mine, salt

salopri

sékétè

séléra n villain

salié VB greet , bow

salté

.

hoe .

.

salé Add salty

.

VB weed

séklé

sakrifis n sacrifice . sal 1 . ADJ dirty . 2 .

salin

ségnè n lord

.

.

sak

sakré ADJ sacred

n

.

be greedy

centime . sentiment , feeling.

N

n

vi

sâtim

sâtimâ

vb ( see

sab n 1.

saf saj

sâti vb feel ; smell .

n

.

.

n health

—

1

( judgment ) .

sâtâs n sentence sâté

sèk 1 n n

sa

[MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

(

258

.

.

,

.

cl

-

M

.

.

.

;

.

vb

.

.

,

.

vb

.

.

.

.

.

n

. 2 .

,

.

N

.

. 2 .

N

.

vB

;

,

up

.

,

.

.

.

.

suspect

much

. .

so

.

safety

.

.

.

-

n

n

.

N

si -

.

.

n

n

sié vB sweat

case

so

tèlmâ ADV CPD much sitiasiô situation sitirè tolerant person

pillow

,

sid

tâ

surety

.

ADV CPD

.

,

,

.

. .

.

.

six

VB

.

2

sistèm

system

sité

south

quasi sub

. . . .

as

. VB

n

N

sis

sis pèkté

sibit ADJ sudden sibitmâ ADV suddenly sidoriè

.

)

.

(

n

n

n

suspend let ADJ suspect

si -

.

sispèk

ve N

.

whether

science

num

sispân

n

much

certain

,

)

, . so b . )

so

.

,

if

a

. 2

, . . 2

ADV

sour

surprise

syrup

siro

1

.

.

.

n

n

n

ADJ

suppose

vs ve

;

,

)

.

,

(

sipriz

belt

SUBORD

un

supplica

ordinator supposing that support sipò support endure bear sipòté sipri surprise N

.

-

n

n

.

1

si

si -

familiar

sympathy

sure siâs

n

n

n

seine

,

fish net

saw

.

sipozé

ADJ sincere belt

sêtirô

SUBORD

tion

.

sêp sên n sêsè

1

.

five

ADJ simple modest single not double

sêti

ADJ superb supplicate

siplié

sêkât Num fifty

sêpati

film

less sipèb

.

France

)

,

-

originally

.

sêk num

knife

Étienne millipede

movie

ADV otherwise

.

.

of

St .

a

n

N

kind

cemetery

sinô

(

. 2 .

n

.

-

ADJ holy

sow

sinéma 1

.

breast

CPD

VB

.

simikyè

.

n

n

sê sê 1

-

sê

jòj

siksé success reading primer silabè silâs silence simê

brain

from

mean

n

;

N

. .

,

;

-

n

PHR

:

. :

sèvi avèk use

service

étiền

n

.

.

,

.

VB

PHR

witness obliging helpful sèviab ads sèvièt towel tablecloth sèvièt tab napkin sèvo

vo

.

).

.

.

.

serve

yes

sugar cyclone storm siklòn sikósi circumcise

sik

sèvi témwê

sèvis

signal

n

,

-

. , .

,

n

n

ve

sèvi

signal

signifié

sure

certainty

brain

n

sèvèl

stop

certain

N

sétitid

siflèt

seven

ad

sètê

indeed

whistle whistle instrument cigarette sigarèt signal gesture sign siflé

.

n

sès n

cessation

sèt NUM

n

sifi ADJ sufficient

.

VB

sifé

theater

(

,

swear

fetter serpent snake sèpâ pruning knife bill hook sèpèt sèp

heaven

surface

in

. . 2 .

.

n

oath

scene stage

N

sèn

1

sèmâ

sifas

.

.

sièl

sèlmâ ADV only

century sky

sièk

;

ADJ alone only

n

(

)

-) .

Vsél

saddle

b

)

a

, .

2

1 . .

N

sèl

salt

259

CREOLE

n

HAITIAN

HALL ]

AMERICAN

.

(head ). soukoup N saucer . soulajé VB relieve (pain ).

sivéyé vo watch ( over ).

sivilizé vb civilize . siyé VB saw ; wipe , dust , mop sizo N scissors.

soulié N shoe . soulvé vb raise up

.

SUBORD whether , if .

soupé 1. n 2 . vB supper . m-ci ( if you ) please souri ve smile . sourit n mouse .

sleep .

sous N well , spring sousé VB suck

Co

.

.

,

, ).

.

.

)

(

,

. )

. . . . 2 or . .

b

.

.

for .

care

. .

,

care for take care

of .

vb

. 2 .

N

care

:

.

.

.

table

snuff box stool

.

tabouré

. -

n

.

tobacco

tabatyè

n

ta

.

.

n

-

:

.

ve

.

slap

suffering

VB

.

.

., )

(

;

,

. .

breathe

VB PHR

ADV late

n

.

on

vs

tobak

sou

follow

track

under

tab

2

COORD

SUBORD PHR whether

.

1

;

im

,

;

,

;

;

.

swiv

Gallicism koté apart

breath

n

evening

swa either

.

-

.

)

of

e .g

vo

.

.

vs

stop

vB wish

swété

souf

.

bus

swé VB sweat

Exoc PHR ADJ deaf

1

. . ) .

Adj thirsty

ring

n

(

.

ké

swaf

. .

swa

soud

n

silk

boat

ADJ drunk PREP over

soufrâs

station

swa

swê

,

sôm

swa

ADJ dull

souflèt

pecu

stock

swagnê

souflé

memory

out have just noise

sink

-

SOU

.

.

;

.

.

. . . .. .

N

.

2

; .

stupidity

stòk

chôjé think consider reflect remember remind dream agine

sôné sou

ve

.

.

; ,

; ,

stasiô

.

,

go

VB VB

i)

sô sòt N (

sound

sôbré sôjé

sum

.

.

1

psalm

sauce ADJ stupid

N

.

,

,

,

. . 2 .

soldier

n

N

sòt

.

SÒS

1

N

sòm

support

wipe off spésial ADJ special particular liar spésialmâ ADV especially

person

(

-

sòlda

souvni souyé

.

,

from

PREP except save for

sòf

goods

stolen

souvâ ADV often

.

n

stupid

soutni

vi

sô

.)

escape

(

VB

,

sovaj adj wild rough savage sové save rescue run away

parasite

CPD

receiver

soustrè VB sew seams

combine jump spring explode

refl

water

.

-

.

,

n

,

soté

soutiré

firm

society

leap

vB

sosiété

trênê

souse

solid Adj solid

( of

.

sun

n

solèy

(

.

so n

).

vo throw ( football ) . bound , jump , leap . solanèl ads solemn skouté

for

scorpion .

n

.

souplé

VB n

skòpiô

,

doze

n

ve

n

sizoka sîgwé

.

soup n soup .

n a

siv n chives

.

soufri vB suffer

souké vb shake ; nod

.

. , onion .

)

especially

CPD

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

.

ADV

sitrô n lime , lemon

1

si-tou

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

N

260

swiv

tras

HAITIAN CREOLE

.

.

.

. .

e g

,

hit (

.

.

, .

.

. .

. . .

,

-

;

:

N

.

.

-

tèt d o

;

,

;

of

.

.

-

to

(

.

)

.

n

plant

Mentha

(

kind

of

N

a

ti -

ti -

.

insect

.

.

)

headdress

.

Cu

(

of

hypocrite

cucumber

.)

a

CPD

L

krab

N

)

.

223

kind cumis anguria n

N

.

,

-

na

(

-

ti -

Jézi

kôkôm

-

ti

.

vegetables

)

,

,

ground

(

of

.

meal

.

little bit ignô chignô -po 51 .

(k

.

ti -

gout

SCT

kind

; .).

L

. .

n

.

fi n

n

N

tiger

n a

. .

ti ti - - ti

.

,

girl

tig

tignô

.

a

n

,

kè .

N

.

.

.

n

n

cl

-

N

ti - tê -

as

,

VB

bèt

added

PREFIX

little

arvensis chémê track path déjéné breakfast

.

N

tâ

m

vb –

see

kalê

bôm

please

maize meat beans tchè

-pê a tê -

.

,

PHR acacia

.

N

wait expect

aunt tempt

tchaka

little im

stamp CPD niggardly person

DIMINUTIVE

nouns

temple

n

tâ

N

táté

,

,

.

-

. 2 . .

ADJ tender

person

CPD

postage

start

tâpérati temperature pad tâpô tất

n

tèt -

. , as ,

begin

like the same

tempest storm pèt tâpérâmâ temperament

pri

so

tèl

:

gê

:

ta tâ

. N

be VB .

. . . ; .

.

2

to

N

of

a

,

, .

,

,

.

tân

têm

.

PREP

N

tap

waist piece

akajou

reason PHR tet kay roof réyé pillow case tèt zòtèy big toe

portance

tank

1

tân

thus

cause

head

kalé

hear listen

vb -

tâmé

)

.

n

tè n

n

.

. .

.

n

tâ

kou

-

tâk

so

.

. .

n

1

tèltémâ ADV

. . . . drum

tåga skirt

testament will

ads such

to

tâdé

pan

breast teat earth ground

tèlmâ ADV tet

n

n

VB

cut tailor

VB n

tâbou

earthen

téstâmâ tété

tazard

.

n n

.

,

.

ADJ terrible

têrin

kind fish time weather PHR lôtô long long ago PHR quite able have time

n

tâ

taza

térib

dried meat

n

tayé tayè

tapestry

size

n

tay

n

taso

terrace

cup

n

tas

darkness

téras

beat

rug

tapisri

.

hit

ténèb

vi

tapé

telegraph

witness

. .

témwê

ve

, blow .

n

tap

N

talô n heel .

marbles

telephone telephone

n

téléfòn

, presently .

téléfônê télégraf

tapi

collide

calabashes

taks n tax .

n tap

breast

.

téké

.

talè ADV soon

n

.

VB

tak n drop (of liquid ) . také vb lock

tea

theater

n

téat

.

.

parasite

PRED PREFIX past tense marker 1

of alcoholic

té té n -

beverage ) . tafyatè n drunkard

tchònèl

kind

,

tach n stain , spot . tafya n taffia ( a

261

. 2 .

HALL )

.

.

.

. . .

; . .

,

n

ve

.

,

.

vo

.

.

.

vb

.

. bô

:

,

:

.

,

)

,

tou

(

, .

.

.

. .

2

.

-

,

.

, . -

.

.

:

.

of

of

:

by

coif

women with short

). choke

.

,

colic

,

pains

,

stomach

n

type

hair

pains strangle trâglé VB

.

too also

,

,

COORD

trâ

trâch mélô melon

.

.

N

.

tè

dé -

(

.

.

.

.

. 2 .

PHR

also name

slice

trâché ADV

.

.

ve

slice

N

.

trâch

fure used

trick

VB

. . 2 .

,

.

.

,

,

n

.

cross

tremble trembling trâblémâ PHR earthquake blémâ

kinky

old man

work

work worker laborer

.

.

up

give

.

.

1

vs

extinguish

n

tumble the fight

,

,

not

,

n

.

n

n

n

.

.

.

.

.

,

VB

uncle

-

trip

tomato

see toûnê

N

vo

.

. . ). 2 .

).

. gê tò

:

,

.

travayè

grave

tôtô

1

1

of

,

.

-

vb

travayé

lawn mower

tônê tou

be wrong

rag

.

N

tômat

CPD

âsâm

translate

traka trouble nuisance tras trace track travay work industry travayâ Adj hard working

travèsé

slip

tomb

N

tôm

fall

kill

trâble

, -

vo

tôdèz

n

-

tôbé lévé

touyé

vi VB n

.

. (

n

n é

n

n

tôbé

indeed

tout

PREP around

turtle dove

tradwi

thunder tortoise tomb

n

tôb

VB PHR

ADV

toutrèl

N

51

(

).

n

.

1

n

tò n

(i )

tònè tòti

ADJ alike

305

dish towel twist corrugated iron

n

tòl

before following adjec adverb head all whole

toutafè ADV quite toutotou

plaything

wrong

tòd

or

.

.

.

(e

n

.g . ; .

n

.

n

n

hen

total tòchô

cough

touswit Adv immediately

stove spark

bull ads total perfect

toro

,

n

,

tousé

naked

CPD

cough

tout ADJ tive

guinea

top

ADJ

together

firebrand

SCT

torment pain screw driver

total ADJ PHR tout real true ADV PHR

tit title tiwèl trowel pipe tiyo

topi

NUM CPD both

-

;

ni

-

of

cow

)

, L. )

tous

).

,

;

plant

(

kind

a

N

tou

n

.

.

.

)

(

(

n

ADV always

-

-

(

Br .)

a

.

, .

,

-

VB (

n

ti -

toujou

tou

n n

CPD

drawer tisé VB weave

tizô tokay

rascal

tounê tônê become return turn tounayé keep turning tou patou ADV CPD everywhere

chap

bread

stream

vo smother

tounavis

Crotolaria incana tiré shoot draw pull milk tell stories riviè

toufé

toumâ

.

ti - -ti

pê n n

ti - ti

roll

marô

tirwa

Pen

child

nâsi new suit tip guy fellow pra

R

glaucum

nisetum moun

CPD

N

châdè

-

ti -

mi

plant

toufa

n

(

(

Echites

.) .

-

a

N

-

ti -

plant

dé

.

.

).

Burm

liân ibo CPD repens Jacq

toudi ADJ dizzy clump tuft touf

n

bòt N a

n

lalo

dwarf plant Sida acuta kind CPD

of

ti -

ti-kout-

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

lé -

AMERICAN

262

labor

HAITIAN

HALL )

trâkil Adj tranquil , calm , quiet. trâkilité n tranquillity, peace . trâpé vb soak . trâs plâté VB transplant

trật NUM thirty . trésayi vb thrill.

thirteen

.

.

, .

. . 2 .

.

)

.

.

vs conquer .

vein

,

:

.)

.

.

NUM twenty

bện

. 2 .

VB

.

to

. .

widow

take PREP

.

.

N

pour green

)

b

)

.

ADJ

vèt vèv

.

. 2 .

of .

,

.

e

(

of a

worm

coat VB

n

vèsé

pron

oneself

towards vès

.

. go

,

,

VB

.

'1 (

N

.

1

vè

care

vêk

.

watch attend VB PHR véyé

with reflexive poss

tế

twa (twaz before vowels ) num three . twa- dégout N CPD a strong poison . twalèt n toilette . twa -paròl n CPD a kind of plant. ADJ third

N

n

check try Adj véritab true véyé wake pay attention

N

vo annoy , trouble . vb turn up .

twati n roof .

engine

smallpox

vérifié

gap .

sale

braggart

.

vérèt

n

.

trou n troub n trouble , confusion .

of .

,

.

VB

vâté

out .

trôpé vb deceive, trick .

plant

.

boaster boast

n

vâtadò

advance ahead belly stomach

vâtilatè fan vépa vo not want

.

.

.

N

n

. vs VB

vât

kind

sell

vâsé

1

dân

( in school) .

tròp (trò before following adverb or adjective head ) ADV too much . n tree -trunk

vaz

CPD

chamber pot wind

vâ n

) court ) .

trokèt n head -cushion .

twazyèm

ads strong healthy

vayâ gasố

trip N entrails , tripe . tripòt Adj inquisitive .

VB exchange

.

around truculently . vary varié . CL . varié rave vav valve

n

trimès n trimester , term trimê vb drudge , toil .

tris ADJ sad . triyé vo separate

vapor

varé VB turn

-

drag

tribinal n triché vo cheat . trik n trick .

trousé

vagabond , hobo , bum.

, mist,

vapè n steam

vayâ

. tribunal , ( law

troublé

.

n vanilla

N

.

hole ,

value , worth , amount .

n

tèt

.

trề N train .

ve pull,

.

vacation

,

trèz Num

trô

.

zo

trètmâ n

troké

valé vB swallow

0a- ni - uật N CPD

plait (of hair ) . treatment .

trênê

,

vani

tress ,

trêg N rod

vakâs n holiday valè

tré ADV very . n

vakabô n vagabond , rascal .

valòp n plane (tool ) .

trézò n treasure .

très

,

a

n trestle .

.

n cow

vagabô

. .g

VB treat.

tréto

tyé - see ké .

.

trété

.

twèl n cloth

vach

, plait .

263

.

trésé VB weave

.

CREOLE

glass

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

.

.

-

.

fly

.

,

vo

.

,

.

n

. .

.

;

;

. .

, ,

.

.

.

,

,

.

,

is

,

).

.

,

vb

.

—

is

.

,

n

.

.

N

. .

.

n

,

-

CL

.

n

-

.

, !

.

n

VB

,

,

.

clothes often

view

yes

.

CL

remove

CPD change

.

-

,

vo

take away

.

M

n

spell

sorcerer

vb

-

M

.

.

.

.

be

vs

2

yam

worth

yâm

.

vaudoun

giddap

CL

wiy

.

. .

veal

!

.

)

147

.

,

,

wi

explore

want

,

.

.

,

.

. ,

2

PREP opposite

,

obsolescent

(

.

ve n

.

vodou

calf

alas

wit num eight witi ADV where

visit

wish

charm

see observe

wè

visit

n

vo

neighborhood neighbor

violin

wété mété

.

.

vs 1

vo vlé 1

vizité

waga wété

aim

n

vizit

ADV

way

wagâtè

rate

.

VB

vizé

n

-

.go

thievish rapid fast

.

;

haste

vyélô

.

,

.

, )

visièz

see vwazê

vwézinaj

vice

ADJ quick

trip

see vré

vwézê

.

.

2

. . .

speed

crime

fem

, .2 .

n

(

n

glass

vizavi

vi

vwé

.

VB

screw

.

1

vit

,

.

;

VB

ve

.

vB 1

screw

voyage vb

.

ve

-

n

vis

come and surround CPD

here

travel neighbor vwazê vwézê

live adj living alive

vivâ

sail

there

n

.

.

vwayajé

vitmâ Adv quickly viv

real actual

as

(

) .

n

vwayaj

visié ADJ opt vitès

vwala

violinist

viré turn spin viré gadé CPD look around

visé

true

there Gallicism carriage car vwati

violâ ADJ violent violèt ADJ violet

virônê

ADJ

voice veil

! (

.

vwal

some

one

viré toûnê

vwa

cl

.

pi

,

VB

-

come upon

CPD

vini

-

rivé

:

vini

,

come become PHR piti decrease mwês vini

robber

steal

vwé

,

VB

.

vó n

vré

refer

vote

n

vòt

.

-

n

bit brace

throw

steal

thief

m

).

. .

n

vòlè vòlò

vinegar

travel

send

rob

vòlé

vini

violônè

vb VB

in

.

voyé

vote vb

. .–sg

Gallicism

city

,

n

vil

vinèg

voyajé

victory

town

vilbrékê

(3

comes

proverb viktwa

.

,

N

VB

-

việ

voté

CPD old person

hover jump vomiting

vB

voltijé

vomismâ

CPD old maid

vié moun

number

. 2 .

pour , spill .

quantity will

.

,

Ads old ancient

wheel

.

volim volôté

1

.

n

vidé vb empty vié vié fi N

.

flesh

empty

n

,

meat

-

N

Adj

volé

M

vian vid

steering

volâ

n

alive .

74

fowl

n

volay

: â - vi

PHR

vi

. 2 . life. Exoc

view

1

n

.

n

n

venkatrè n CPD a poisonous spider .

vi

(MEMOIRS ,

ASSOCIATION

n

AMERICAN

264

SCH

HAITIAN

HALL ]

yè

yesterday .

n

yo 1.

PLURALIZER . 2 .

PRON

they ,

CREOLE

265

zétriyé n stirrup them

;

attribute , their . you ( yoû , yô ) INDEF ART a , an . youn ( yôn ) NUM one .

zétwal

star .

n

zèb n grass

zèl n wing n

zabriko

n

avocado pear. apricot .

zafè n affair , business zago n hoof .

zê n fish

zak n act . 1.

zalâtou

surroundings .

N

around , about

zalimèt

n

zam

n

. entrails .

zâsèt n ancestor

zâtray

n

zé n egg . zégwi n needle .

.

N PHR

n

ortolan , bunting

zòbòp N sorcerer

.

zòd

.

(a kind

.

zòrèyé , zorié n pillow

.

zòtèy n toe .

zôbi

zombie .

n

zôbi-dousmâ zôbi -na -bwa

n CPD

hypocrite . kind of plant .

N CPD a

nail ( of digit ). zôyô n onion . zôg n

zouti

tool .

zwazo

N zero

.

order .

n

zépòl n zéro

.

bird ) .

zwa n goose .

zéprô n

hay

-hook .

zépêg n needle . zépina n spinach

. shoulder . spur ( s) .

chèch

zikak n zo n bone . zo-douvâ n CPD a kind of flower . zorâj , zorây n orange .

.

friend , companion zânâna n pineapple . zânimo n animals . zâno n ring . zâmi

: zèb

dry

.

black -and -white striped nothing .

zotolâ

N oar .

zavirô

ADV

of

zorèy n ear .

match (lucifer ) .

n weapon

2.

kind

ADJ

zêga

.

a

cookie .

as possessive

zaboka

.

NCPD

zétriyé - nègès

zwit

n

,

N

zwézo

n

oyster .

bird .

of

9. ENGLISH

THIS

-CREOLE GLOSSARY

is essentially a reverse index of the English translations for Creole items in the vocabulary of the preceding chapter . The material is given according to the same principles ; the normal order of each item is : English word or phrase ; Creole equivalent (italicized ) , followed by part speech abbreviated according the procedure followed the previous

I

glossary

in

to

(

of

its

given

.

, ,

in

,

as

In

,

.

n

vb

vb .

.

( a )

.

.

n

.

vb

lagoni

.

fè

phr

;

vb

.

vb

. n

.

vb

in

,

.

n

.

agree dakò

vb

.

agony

be

agitate ajité

266

.

.

(o )

laj

age

cowardice

.

);

on

âkò adv against kôl prep n

of

stage

Advance

n

;

. .

again

.

,

(

vb

.

n

act Act

active person aksiônè

.

;

n

.

.

. .

. .

-

. .

;

cpd

afterwards âswit adv

n

n

;

zak

.

vré

;

vb

vb vb vb

.

n

pè n

,

.

after apré prep afternoon apré midi

abit

n

aksiô

fiâsé

be

.

. vb

;

n

vb ;

blâmê

,

,

affiance

afraid Africa Gînê

n

jwé

vb

fè

prep

travè exoc phr prep phr

aksiô kapô action

sélô

be accustomed abitié

-

å

ache doulè

act

; vb .

.

n

advise kôséyé affair zafè

vb

wé

kalkil

n

accuse akizé accustom

dapré prep

to

according

.

n

;

cpd

accident aksidâ accompany akôpâgnê account kôt

vb

advertisement réklam advice kôsèy moral

.

's

fate

phr

vb

.

n

.

vb

vb

prâ

réklam

Accept one

propagân

fè

advertise

phr

riské

n

;

adventure avâti

n

adj

nèt

vâsé

;

n

.

n

;

.

advantage avâtaj adv

).

-

(

-

rété

vb

;

)

exoc létrâjé

advance avâs slowly dâgoyé

.

-

absent apsâ adj absolutely apsolimâ

accept aksépté

adrès

vb

; ;

vb vb )

-

(

ro

)

.

( â

;

ò

-

adopt adopté

phr

phr

exoc

adj

.

.

n

;

,

.

. (

lè

â

dé r()

-

â

phr

quasi adv acacia tân akajou

vwé

admiration admirasiô

approximately adv zalâtou adv near exoc

adj

address adrésé adjust ajisté

phr

apépré

about

réèl

add ajouté

able kap kab quasi mèt

sa

vb vb ;

ta

gê

fouti

actual

indef art

vb Be vb . )

,

able kapab adj

across

.

. yo

yoû

(

you

needs

abandon bâdônê

above abroad

or

to

or

is

,

no

is

it

,

an

elementary a

as

.

:

) , .

tèt n

Special English idioms are given immediately Thus head phrase with the Creole word translation this chapter pretense complete the preceding one made exhaustive treatment but believed that the material presented here will suffice for normal chapter

following

HAITIAN CREOLE

.

n

(

n

;

n

;pl

.

-

; â;

).

;

;

vb

vb

.

vb

vb .

. .

n

.

. -

;

. .

vb

;

.

.

')

(“

vb

gê lè

n

n

lè

;

vb

-)

(

.

.

n

.

')

. vb

vb

(

n

.

vb

.

.

.

n

.

.

vb

.

-

é

arété

vb

.

.

vb

;

. vb

.

;

vb

; .

arrest

arrive rivé

n

;

)

zam

furnish

(-

vb

;

of

.

n

. (

n

') )

weapons

body

amé

around toutotou adv zalâtou adv arrange râjé réglé coord

.

)

(a

;

vb

vb

vb

.

.

case

.

vb

part

weapon

army lamé

n

adj ancient âsiê adj prep épi coord vié

bra

plédé

n

.

n

.

;

.

f èz )

(o

valè

arm

(

.

n

; ;

ʻrendezvous

n

vb .

-)

.

n

arise lévé

distrè

amusement amizmâ ancestor zâsèt

; .

bat

n

.

(

argue diskité

arithmetic kalkil

nâ -

vb n

approve aprouvé

apricot zabriko April avril

adj ptional ambitious âbisié among mitâ prep phr pami prep

;

vb

by -

(

(

'

'

quasi

.

be

vb . ; .

(

vb

.

)

bé

;

)

).

in

seem

vaplodis

appointment râdévou approach bòdé

always toujou adv

amazed sézi Vsézis amazement sézismâ

amount kâtité amuse amizé

phr

phr

applause aplodismâ apple pôm appoint nômê

.

- ké . -

,

bravo

parataxis

ambition abisiô

appear parèt

appearance applaud aplodi

clause containing mèt can

,

pron

n

.

with

subord phr Gal kwa subord phr Gal Usually expressed

licism

,

phr

ki

.

)

-

cl .

At

(“

m

vb

mâké

coord

bê

licism

vb

âj ,

.

;

adv

, . .

sèl

fò

also tou adv

ak -

adv phr

mêm

ape makak charé apology éskiz

adj aloud already déja dija adv

and

kâ

vi

;

pèmèt

verbal complement adj alone

although

anyhow

anyone nepòt apart apa adv

.

prèské

almost

anybody kikôk pron

.

vb .

té

all

jênê

pozisyô exoc phr

sâ

.

cl

-

. oké

Gallicism

(

.'

the very

n

alié

.

vb

-

; â; All

right

di ally

adj

dérâjé

répôn

ant foumi frômi anxious êkié adj

exoc phr

adj

alié

( ki )

allow

annoyance pasaj answer répôs

cpd

dènié

tou adv cpd

allied

m

!

way

n

-

be

(t )

tou

adj

last

n

.

n

.

-

cl ;

.

n

troublé

-

él m

(ag y )

,

alive vivâ adj

all

n

.

n

;

n

âm

.

;

.

n

announce anôsé annoy ânwiyé

;

albino ravèt blâch alike sâblé

aviô

animal jibié

n

alas

etmez

exoc phr

zanimo

Hunted

;

airplane

kolè exoc phr

bèt

vb .

ediate

vizé

ògèy

n

bi

lè n

vb ;

aim

-

phr

cl .

!

ahead dea adv

air

varo

latè

Gallicism

brenda

2012

kilti

-

m

aha âhâ

er , as

.I

d of ter :by ea

agriculture agrikilti

anger kolè

angry faché adj animal animal

vb

.

n

.

dakò adv

; .

.

angel agreement

n

adj

gou

agreement kôbinézô

In

agreeable

267

( 1 )

HALL ]

of

as

vb

. n

.

.

n

.

n

.

;

n

);

;

.

-

( of

vb .

;

n

n

vb

.

;

vb

;

.

n

.

.

n

.

')

.

n

).

(

;

.

r( )

n

b

;

vb

n

;

n

.

n

.

.

n

.

vb

n

;

. )

.

n

,

barrier bariè bayè base baz

japé

vb

lèt

-

- .

bô

( of

. ,

n

).

(

);

n

.

n

.

phr

cpd

n

-)

(

alô

dogs jap bark barracks kazèn barrel barik n

.

n

.

.

vb

.

n n

.

')

bânân group

;

(

dance

n

.

n

,

.

in

.

la n.

;

. n

bal

.

. vb

phr

n

')

.

.

barge

.

vb

Baking

soap bar Vbar brik barbecue boukânê abako bare ni adj cpd diskité pri bargain afè phr ba

')

. (“

those

;

. n

fig n

.

banana

present

n

('

élévasió

(

n

fig n

')

;

( to )

bambou bâbou band ban

oto n

révéyé

kwil

baldequin badlékê plaything ball boul

bandanna maré

auto average moyên mwayên avocado pear zaboka évité

('

)

;

. (

n

vb

véyé

n

author loté authority otorité

avoid awake

n

.

.

véyé

.

.

n

phr

n

tất

.

.

.

n

over Pay attention

attractive gou adj audience asistâs odiâs hearing August daou

aunt

n

n

vb

-)

. be

(‘

present

vb

attract atiré

dandle

balancing dodinaj balcony balkò

;

fè

atâsyô

. vb

atâsyô

illness

')

watch

dévên

Baking soda bikabonat dodinê balâsé balance balâs

vb

vb (“

vb

attend asisté

bagas

bake boukânê powder poud

.

séyé

attention

-

up

.

.

n

vb

(

; At

vb n .

êdispozisió

(é )

attempt

n

. vb

. vb .

sak

first dabò adv

.

-

a

at

ataké

back

mal adv malmâ adv Badly brought mal élvé adj cpd bag makout straw ralfò badly

bagasse

astonishment sézismâ attack atak

)

-

).

vb

( ra vb ) .

-

a

;

.

-

n

bad mové adj Bad luck

phr

exoc

associate asosié assurance asirâs assure asiré astonish sézi Vsézis

Go

râtré vb bacon bêkôn

koté

sâblé

prep

do n

for

as

-

ké

sub

bébé

baby tender gadò back back wards alariè adv

(

).

As

dè -

soon

(

rôt

tray sâdrié aside apa adv assemble

as

.

jouk prep

ata

backwoods rajé

ash

ask mâdé

baby

far

As

.

.

As

;

prep

, n. . be

ashamed

.

.

phr

ord phr Gallicism ash sân

an

.

in

(

n

; -

kâta

prep

-

-jis

-

prep

axe rach

newspaper

prep

kou

ta

as

article atik

boûda

adj

n

artichoke atichò

complement

apsâ

.

n

;

arse bouboun

other verb

n

arrowroot arourout

.

lévé vb

); (

.

n

.

flèch

n

arrow

awaken away

n.

74

n

arrogance prétâsiò

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

alé

AMERICAN

268

HAITIAN

HALL ]

; panié , pâgnê n . ( in cooking) .

behold mê vb ( impersonal = Lat . ecce ) ;

n

chat - sourit

cpd ;

n

wè vb .

chov - sourit

n

believe

cpd .

bell

n.

below

.

;

n

;

“

-

.

of

').

('

n

Bill

vb

,

.

vb

part

.

bit

brace vilbrékê

. )

;

(

ʻpiece

(

gout

ti -

;

)

(

mò

little bit

n .

n

tool

mòson A

;

harness part pati

n

.

n

mèch vilbrékê

-

.

hook

bit

. n.

n

lè

; vb

n

nâ

n

grâ

-

hook sèpèt

.

tâmé

vb

;

vb

koúmâsé

prep ;

là

bind maré bird zwazo zwézo birth bésâs Give birth akouché

beginning kômâsmâ behave kôdwi refi behavior chiré

bòdro

of

).

,

to

);

to

.

,

adv prep subord time dévâ douvâ eferring place

vb

(r

,

, .

('

.

vb .

.

bill

.

,

(

adv prep

papié

sale lavât

n

beetle antô before avâ âvâ referring beg mâdé begin kômâsé

grosi

bill

. .

vb

.

to vb

Be

.

n

.

to

bed kouché

bed rékouché

ma-

phr.

bicycle bisiklèt adj adj mâmâ adj big huge Big shot gro nèg cpd gro popo ncpd Make bigger

n

-

bed bug pinèz

Go

to

li vb

;

n

back

,

;

prep

mitâ prep

-

;

vb ; .

vb tèt

,

vb .

akouché

Go

4t-

between

gro

; }( w) ske - subord . of afòs - prep ; para pòt - prep ; put prep phr pavni become toûnê tônê vini Become again rétoûnê brought bed kabân bed pada- subord

Because

n

because afòs - subord ; paské - subord ;

Be

betrothed fiâsé n , adj. better méyè , miyò adj, adv ; amélioré vb . Do better fè pi biê vb phr .

n

n ; böté n .

bèlté

.

adj.

.

besides âkò adv ; â- plis exoc phr . bet parié vb . betroth fiâsé vb .

)

.

)

beauty

vb

ployé vb

side oneself, get débòdé vb .

n

beat ' bat vb ; tapé vb ; kalé beating kal n .

;

bereaved â - dèy exoc phr. berry grên n . beside a -koté exoc phr, prep phr.

;

n ( animal ) ; dônê vb ( e. g . fruit ) ; fè vb ( offspring ) ; poté vb (' carry ') ; sipòté vb (' endure ' ) . beard bab n . beast bèt n .

bear lous

vb

n.

.

bean pwa n . Red beans pwa rouj n phr .

bend koub n ; koubé benumb âgoudi vb .

.

'

bèl

.

vb

beloved chéri adj. â - ba adv phr, exoc phr . belt ribâ karako n phr; sêti n ; sêtiró bench bâ n .

.

réyô n (‘ ray ) .

beautiful

béglé

belly uất n .

be eager (1) âvi vb . be it only . . . kâféti subord . beach plaj n . beam

klòch n .

bellow

.

n

mété

in

n

bazaar baza

Believe

n

bêgn

bathe bêgnê vb . battle batay n .

.

vb

')

bath

kwè

kôfiâs nâ - vb phr .

; vb .

baste rouzé vb

bat

behead dékapé vb .

kivèt n .

n

;

basê n

basket makout

269

(

basin

CREOLE

.

.

.

n

n

. . .

n

.

n

.

vb

so

;

.

n

; ;

n

')

('

vb

.

n

;

a

.

n on

.

vb

.

n

.

n

')

.

n

(“

.

; .

n

- n. vb .

;

n

, . .

vb

; -

n

.

n

frê a

mê

n

.

n

brass kwiv

.

cl .

.

vb

m

bravo

n

.

brave brav adj bravery bravou

.

.

n

.

pê n

vb

.

.

té n

( té )

;

;

n

.

n

breath souf breathe souflé

sê n n .

.

n

breakdown pan déjéné breakfast breast mâmèl

.

;

vb

.

-

.

n

tree bôbôyé

ear

emergency

phr

brâché

bread tree laba break brizé kasé )

of

Be

).

vb

(

vb n

so

.

,

frê

Hand brake

-

.

.

n

the

pề n

.

n

;

n

sèvo

brake branch brâch

bread

.

.

Box

Have

n n

sèvèl

bread fruit labapin

.

. .

n

n

border frôtiè

brain

galônë

vb

bòt

gasố

ti -

boot

kind

n

liv zo

bonbonnier

(

bôbô

bone book

radiès

n

bomb hôm

bonbon

bwat

breach brèch

n

boulô

put

bravo

n

bolt

braid

bray râni

.

bold radi adj boldness odas

phr

n

. ).

. vb .

bom

n

boiler

kadav

n

;

kò n

boil bouyi

poupou

suspender brace brétèl braggart vâtadò

,

(

small boat

salié

n

. .

.

vb

kânòt

n

. ;

n

fò

koralê

bend over

poupou

fè

b m

;

on

.

n

jé ; n

bato

for coral reefs body

bwèt

kalòt

brake

adj n

)

small boat

(

board

.

batimâ

;

;

n

bak

Put

n

n vb . vb . ;

boastful

,

boat

plâch

phr

')

(“

vb .

;

n

n

;

n

-

.

vâtadò

boasting

. vb

.

;

n

-)

. vâté

boaster

box

boy bway

âbaké

boast

bowl bòl

Blow the nose mouché

vb

.

bay

blue blé adj board bwa

n

bô n

n

-

jé

vb

;

.

cpd

n

kal

souflé cpd

you

limit

bowel movement

r

-

n

;

kou

.

.

.

. n

(

fléri

tap kal giver bay Blow kou

blow

bound boundary bòn bouquet bouké bow koubé greet

. v

flér

pobâ

fè

vb

.

;

n

vb .

pété

n

sâ

flé

bloom

blouse bous

révès

bouillon kôsomé

n

. . ;

bottom

born

cpd

num

bottle boutèy

cpd

âtravé

- n lé ; -

.

n

.

n

bother jênê

bless béni blind avèg adj Blind person block blòk blood

chèf

tou

.

;

n

both

n

n

blâmê lèn

prété

borrow

boss bòs

blacksmith fòjrô machokèt bladder whistle blad blade lâm blame réproch blanket kouvèti

rénèt

vb dé

-

.

-

Black and white

adj

zêga

past participle

fô n

adj

nwa striped

adj

again

.

âmè

black

born

adj

; ;

bite mòdé vb .

bitter

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION fèt

AMERICAN

270

HAITIAN

HALL ) n.

bury n.

n.

business

Bring

back

to

life

busybody kôtrolè

.

but mê coord . butter bè n . butterfly papiyô

vb

broad laj adj. broil griyé vb . broken abrizi adj .

.

n

cabbage chou

brush bròs buckle bouklé

calculate kalkilé

vb

calculation kalkil

n

. .

.

.

n

n

. . .

n

,

;

n

.

n

.

');

-

,

vb vb

sa

kab

. .

.

n

container

).

(

sugar cane

).

bidô

kân

n

of

canteen

kânô

bôbô

( . );

cannon

(

,

jô

reed

n

.

forth

,

Burst

vb

;

burst éklaté krévé burst out with pété

piece n

(

cane

vb .

brilé

vb

n

)

kapab

able

mamit

n

candy

n

n

; .

n

(

).

Gallicism

bird

.

canaille kanay canal kanal candle bouji

of of

(

. (

vb n ;

furniture

).

. n

kind

kanistè

quasi

vb ;

.

n

)

.

adj kap

article

.

,

.

can fèblâ réjim

n

n

.

.

cpd

n

-

burial âtèmâ burn boulé burro bourik

kodak

camion kamiô camp kâ

uất n n .

.

n

ni

bifè

vb n.

bureau

trâkil adj

calm

of

-

va

(

bundle pakèt bunting zotolâ

printed êdyên

camera

bananas

bum bumper défâs bunch

calico

call rélé

n

vb

vb .

;

n

bullet boulèt

kalbas

vb .

-

. );

;

)

.

vb

.

n

;

n

toro

bèf

cake gato calabash

calf

. .

vb n

bull

phr .

vo n

. .

; biê

-

(

brê

(

bud boutô boutônë budge boujé buggy bògi

exoc

.

n

café kafé cage kalòj

n . n. .

.

up

.

n

cpd

( quasi- prep ) ; a - koté

bò n

n

n

by

cabinet kabinèt

élvé

build bati

(with

.

adj Badly brought adj cpd mala pwiadj mal élvé brought Well élvé adj cpd adj brown dark brown marô adj light brown brin adj up

brought

- .

fwè

law

frè

kôsomé n . bo n

in up - frè ,

brother brother

;

n

n

n

participle ). Be

buttocks bouboun n ; bouda n ; kroup button boutô n ; boutônê vb . buy achté vb .

balé n .

broth bouyô

adj (past

okipé

busy okipé vb ; plédé vb verbal complement ).

rânimê vb . Bring near prochê brisket -bone biskèt n .

broom

('trade ') .

[ ; be ]

vb .

poté

busy

'

n ( backwoods ) ; rapé n . (z ) afè n ('affair ') ; métié

rajé

bush

brigand brigâ n . bright briyâ adj; kléré adj . brighten foubi vb . bring

phr .

n

bride lamarié bridge pô n . bridle brid n .

vb . Buried treasure ja lajâ

âtéré n

.

breeze oulabriz

271

n

ras

breed

CREOLE

,

74

(

.

.

n

;

n

;

.

n

n

. .

; si

.

.

.

n

n

.

,

.

n

.

n

.

.

n

mô

n

;

mà .

n

;

vb ;

n

tip vb

.

)

.

n

n

.

Charcoal

.

n

.

.

')

n

vb

;

burner

'). .

.

n

n

;

;

(“

')

)

);

.

;

aplodis

. n.

.

container

;

kès n

body

)

of

part

(

chest léstomak

n

n

cheque chèk cherry sériz

)

.

.

n

n

.

n

.

n

.

n

.

n

;

vb

.

vb

-)

aplodis

mâ bravo cheese fromaj

triché

;

pété

vérifié

vb

; vb ;

vb

vb

-

. .

cpd

n

.

')

(“

n

author

(V

.

cheer aplodi

.

.

cheat chikânê check kôtrolé

n

;

lotè

cpd

adj

alélé

maché

-

.

with

bô

vb

;

vb

Catch

cheap

n

lâgvb .

vb .

(

pwê fetish magic chamé

wäga

(

fétich

n

.

adj

n

);

(

's

in

vb of

prâ

vb .

;

tèt n

bèt

simikyè

census résâsmâ

karaktè

price

magic

. kwapé

n

ceiling plafô

n ; n. .

.

n

vb

n

;

)

nâ ). -

.

n

face

.

;

n

;

n

cave kavèn caymite kaimit

;

(

vb ('

;

.

cattle bétay

cemetery

-

·

vb

;

n

;

n

vb n .

.

(

vb

someone

kêbé

lasso lâsé

cause koz

charge

chat kozé

Catch hold a

phr

n

baré

cpd

charitable charitab charity charité

chatterer vb

catch

container

n .

cat chat

nên

récho

vb

plaké castle chato

cha

Change clothes often

chaplèt

charm

Cast

lokazyô

character bout charcoal chabô

n

(

.

jété

cast

wété mété

chap boug chaplet

kòb exoc

cash

In

n

n

ka

cash kòb

kès

châje

chapel chapèl

lawsuit

cassava kasav

chance châs

(

. . ).

n

mignônê

for children

event

n

prosè

chamber pot vaz chameleon agâmâ

money

cpd

carriage vwati bòs carrot karòt carry broté poté charié carry out ézékité execute cart kabwèt case

n

;

.

.

vb -

caress karêsê

caretaker gadò

lakré

change

.

-

carelessness lésé grênê

chèy

chalk

champagne châpâgn

cpd

bề n

ma -

fou

chèz

n

vb

oneself véyé

chêm

chair

-

.

person

okipé

.

') vb

vb

phr with

refl possessive attrib careless épridâ adj Careless

('

Take

zo

out

look

chain

prin . ('

.

Take care

swê

care

sèrê

n

vb

swê

Take

care

sérémoni

n

. .

.

n

for

.

vb

refi

of of

kêbé

sièk

sân

.

. n

.

n

Care

n

care swê

century

cessation

cardboard katô

mita

adj adj certainty sètitid adj

.

carbine karabin card kat

sâtim

certain

n

car vwati

milie

centime ceremony

n

kapitèn

MEMOIRS

n

. .

n

captain

kòb

center

n

capital kapital

cent

.

.

bouchô

phr radiatè capable kapab adj

ASSOCIATION n

cap

Radiator

n

caskèt

(

cap

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

sès n

272

AMERICAN

coast

(

.

n

.

(

pit).

's

;

vès n

;

(

n

)

.

-

,

.

gêm

.

.

n

n

.

-

n

. .

n

.

.

n

. . vb ') ;

go

.

;

('

vini

go

rivé

Come Come

vb

someone

down proché

cpd

.

press

bòdé

viré

Come down désân

.

vb

cpd

vb . )

near upon

maché

together

Come and

vb . vb ( . ;

vb

pézé

kôbiné

)

.

twèl

n

.

n

;

vb

.

toûnê

(

vb

.

n

.

combite koûbit come vini

n

phr

-

vb

sosiété

âsâm

.

combine

n

vb

;

n

moûté

. ,

môté n

;

vb

)

on

. grêpé

n

.

n

.

vb

;

pêgnê

n

. .

n

vb n .

vb .

.

n

.

n

.

.

gê

.

fò

;

column kolòn comb pêgn combat kôba

n

.

vb

;

.

-)

.

n

vb

adj Be clever

n

up

(

.

.

n

.

n

( fo )

. .

vb

vb

n

;

n

vb

.

n

;

color koulè

phr

pâdil

; vb .

n

n

n

,

.

n

; vb .

.

;

n

.

(

V

klè

.

vb

râmasé

collide téké colony koloni

combination kôbinézô

closet kabinèt

étòf

propté

colt poulê

Climbing vine liân

close fèmê

clot kayé

klas

adj

adj

pratik

clip rognề

cloth

nétwayé

klér

clerk âplwayé clever êtélijâ

fwèt adj

colibri kolibri colic trâché collar kòl colleague kòlèg

n

prôpté

clock olòj

phr

. .

.

cold frèt

collect

cleanliness

climb

gagè

fight cock Fighting cock pòyn

Cock

n

.

;

vb

cola kola

réklamé

adj

clientèle

cloak

jacket

n

rôn n

sèk n

coffee kafé coin piès

katégori

clean pròp

cliff falèz

woman

n

n.

n

( la ) vil

prétân

léspri

kòk gadiè

n.

civilize sivilizé

clear

n

Game cock kòk cockroach ravèt coconut kokoyé codfish lâmori

circumcise sikösi circumference âtouraj city

grif

.

.

n

sâg n .

class kalité

; .

cock

cigarette sigarèt

claw

(

. adj .

church légliz n .

claim

overcoat

,

Christian krétyê

cinder sân

mâto

palto

choose chwazi vb

Christmas noèl

n

coat lévit

.

n

n.

along the coast

Trip

n

lakot

choke trâglé vb

circle

kot

( la )

n.

chisel birê n .

adj

.

chimney chéminé

n

koché

coarse grosiè

cinch

rad

. .

coachman

n

n.

child -watcher gadò n .

siv

;

clothes kostim cloud nwaj clump touf

n.

chiggery chikata adj. child pitit n ; ti -moun

chives

foot

with

).

chèf n .

n

chief bòs n ; chigger chik

chosé

gear

n

chicken

;

clothe abiyé

poul n .

vb

adj .

bòzò

273

n

chic

CREOLE vb

HAITIAN

HALL )

AMERICAN n.

comfortable alèz adj . command lòd n ; kômâdé vb .

considerate console n.

moun

sosiété

n

.

pitié n .

contract , make

contradict kôtrédi contrariness kôtraj

.

.

vb .

corvée

.

n

n

. ; .

. .

)

.

kwê

n

;

Cool

off

.

n

n

vb

(

n

.

n

tòl

.

;

.

;

. . n. n

vb

.

kòsaj kòvé

n

.

vb

; .

corrupt korôpi corsage

.

.

vb

rasâblé

n

.

n

vêk

; ;

vb vb

connect kolé kônèkté conquer bat conscience kôsiâs

n

. .

.

n

corridor koulwa corrugated iron

coin

n

.

vb

n

.

congratulate kôplimâté vb vb

kòb

kôtou koub corporal kaporal correct korèk adj

corner

n

kôgolo

n

; n.

. n

( la )

cork bouchô

n vb n . ; . . ;

vb

.

n

kôfiâs

adj

frèch

vb

.

dousi copper kwiv copy kopié

.

vb

confidence

confusion troub Congo kôgo

(z )

.

. n

confess köfésé

kôvèsasiô

phr bay fraz kwiziniè ;

cook kwit

vb

orry

)

n

(w

.

n

converse

phr

palab

cookie biskwit cool frédi adj

concrete bétô condemn kôdané condition kôdisiô

confuse mélājé

kozmân

odyâs

(l )

.

n

-

cpd

n

lâbi

n

.

n

.

to

speak lalwèt téta

comrade kâmarad concern chajmâ tèt

contrary kôtré

vb

.

.

n

.

foulé

compulsion

control kôtrol conversation

vb

compress

koupé - a

.

.

.

vb

sosyé vb cpd

vb

solemn

a

contribute kôtribié contribution kôtribisiô

vb

fè

composition kôpozisiô

congolo

kêbé

.

,

be

.

;

fin

cl . compose

n.

vb ; prâ vb .

contrary kôtrè adj

complicated kôpliké adj

conch

.

continue kôtinié , kôtinwé

complete fini vb ; kôplété vb . completely adv kôplètmâ adv Completely tired out figi pati

compliment kôplimâ

sôjé ,

content kôtâ adj.

.

.

n

;

consommé kôsomé n . consume kâkânê vb .

contain

vb

kôplézâs n .

complaisance

vb

adj.

kôsidéré

kôsolé vb

consultation kôsiltasið

competitor kôkirâ n . complain fè plêt vb phr; plêgnê complaint plệt

.

consult kósilté vb .

.

vb

kôsékâs n .

chôjé vb

n;

phr .

vb

kalkilé vb ; kôsidéré

consider

communal kominal adj. companion zâmi n . company (la ) kôpâgni ( persons visiting ) ; compassion

kônésâs n .

consequence

committee komité n . common òdinè adj .

compare kôparé

gê kônésâs

consciousness

consent kôsâti vb .

komès n .

commerce

conscious, be

n

comfort kôsolasiô

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

Be

274

.

cry

cough tous n

.

cuckoo koukou cucumber kôkôm

.

;

n

.

n

; vb .

.

n

.

vb

;

-

n

;

.

.

n

n

vb

.

n

.

n

. ; .

.

n

).

.

n

.

to

point

.

.

n

n

.

n

.

vb a

.

;

. .

Cut frilagé

up vb

vb

Cut

.

n

darkness date dat

. vb

; .

n

. vb .

.

.

n

cpd

.

n

;

odas

.

fi

.

vb

daughter

.

)

èz

.

n

=

-)

f

;

oze

cpd

phr

law fi n bo

.

.

n

daughter pitit

adj

.

vb (

V

(

adj

n

ténèb

phr

.

.

chèch

vb

lodas

opt

n

.

.

dare

pâdyânê gê

dangle

daring

adj

.

vb

dâjér

dangerous dâjéré

.

;

n

n

; ;

;

n

danger dâjé

-jé

.

vb

;

dandle dodiné

n

.

n

vb

.

n

travèsé

dâsé

n

. .

n

n

;

domajé

vb

.

. .

n

n

.

ka (l ) of

fou

chifônê

domaj

damsel démwazèl dance dâs bal

makònaj

n

kouròn

cruel méchâ crumb kras crumple

pwêti

cutting rétay cyclone siklòn

n

,

crowd foul crown

glas

damp imid adj mouyé adj

jâbé

crossing act crossroads crow kaw

n

.

vb .

krem

n

n

;

( la )

rékòlt

cross kwa

Customs

adj

kôsâti

damage déga

crime krim vis criminal kriminèl crisis kriz crop

n

.

n

cream

n

krèch

koulim

mores

adj

.

loké

Ice

saybòd

vb

creep râpé crib

abitid

customary

. kréati

crest krèt

kousê

custom

customers pratik tayé cut koupé

phr

creature

curve koub cushion

la -

.

n

;

krêm

n

fou

adj

cream

curtain rido

mès

n

n

chévrèt

crazy

:

kroké

;

fât

-

crayfish

n

.

n

.

adj

fisher krabié

crack

kapô

n

.

.

n

lach

crab krab

( f) .

in -

cowardly crab

act

,

cowardice

géri

.

vach

n

cure rémèd

cpd

curious fouyapòt adj kirié adj curl bouk friz current kourâ malédiksyonê curse madichô

n

;

cow

coward kapô

of

bèf n

cover kouvri vb ; kouvèti n .

mâjé

; .

kouze n ( m ) ; kouzin

cousin

curdle kayé

;

( law ) ; kozé ak - vb phr ;

n

fè lâmou

phr.

fè lign vb

pilé

n

vb phr;

ak -

n

tas

gad

;

tribinal

cupboard

(

;

n

cultivation kilti cup godé

vb

court lakou

â-dé(r) ò

n

kouraj n .

courage

krazé

cultivate kiltivé

country péi n . In the country exoc phr .

n

grêgnê vb

krié

n

vb

vb . Count out (one by one)

kôté

a

count

; tousé

kri

vb

foulé

cloth brabâ n .

;

crush

cotton kotô n . Cotton

vb

.

n

n

crupper kroup

.

vb

kostim

;

n ; jouté

costume

vb

cost pri

275

CREOLE

. n. vb n . vb . . .

HAITIAN

HALL )

AMERICAN

Year 's day Next ( lâ )

lajoûnê

.

New

démê n .

Dead person défê

deaf soud adj. decay pouri vb ; pouriti

n.

December decide

.

désiziô

n.

decision

declare déklaré

;

vb

n.

detail détay

dénôsé vb .

deed aksiô n . ( action ') .

devastate dévasté vb . develop dévlo pé vb . devil dyab , gyab n ; satâ ladyablès n .

deep fô

devour dévoré

vb

adj .

; kal n . Utter de-

vb ; fè poupou vb phr .

.

;

')

('

fèb

.

n

.

n

vb

.

kroté

;

n

sâs

the

sâs prep phr

adj

.

sal

adj Get dirty

Dirty trick salopri

adj

.

vb

vb .

disagreeable dézagréyab disappear disparèt disappoint dékourajé discipline lòd n

.

')

on

(“

vb

.

.

discourage dékourajé

vb

.

. .

désâd

vb

,

descend désân

count

.

deputy dépité

n

;

vb

n

;

depart kité pati department dépatmâ depend dépân kôté

.

vb

dénôsé

salté

dirty kroté

vb

denounce

dirt

koté

.

.

n

direction

.

démô

.

.

direction

-

')

.

.

n

behave

n

demon

vb

direct dirèk adj dirijé director dirèktè nâ

.

oneself chiré

(

vb

in

demean

Demand

n

vb

vb

demand éksijé mâdé marriage répézâtasiô demeanor chiré demijohn dâmjân

.

diminish bésé vb ; diminié vb . mâjé dinner diné food prep dint afòs diploma diplom of ,

vb

' ; . ).

('

fê

adj fine deliver délivré

pên n

n

réta n ; mété â -réta vb ; mizé vb . adj weak delicate délika adj;

delay

;

vb .

dig fouyé

.

( diploma ') .

n

;

.

;

n

degree diplom

difficult difisil adj. difficulty difikilté n

.

n

defunct défê

vb

;

vb

dégôflé

gê

;

defend défân deflate

.

n

diférâs vb phr. difference diférâs n .

differ

.

defence défâs n .

diamond diamâ n . dictionary diksyônè

n

defecate poupou

of

n

feat lagé -brid -kêbé - ké n cpd .

.

vb

laro ( u ) zé rouzé n . die de n (gambling cube ) ; mouri vb .

by

defeat bat vb ; défèt

She-de -vil

dew

bò n

de- fatten dégrésé vb .

n.

('

phr ; vini piti

vb

. vb .

phr .

vini mwês

vb

decrease

.

despite magré prep . destiny destiné n . destroy détwi vb .

.

decorate galônê vb

n

despise méprizé vb .

n.

désâm

désidé vb

n

despair dézéspéré vb ; dézés pwa

; trô pé vb .

vb

phr.

.

pété

potré vb

phr .

desk biro n .

n.

deceit doub n .

deceive

; fè

n

adj.

dead mò

descent désât n . describe éspliké vb desert savân dézolé deserve mérité vb . desire (1) âvi vb .

.

n

.

n

In

;

joudlâ

')

n

.

jou

Day

, 74

(MEMOIRS

n

day

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

.

276

vb

.

vb

.

vb

.

.

n

.

. .

)

(

')

.

vb

vb

('

;

.

n

back

. .

rèv n

(a

vb

. ).

vb

n

;

vb

. (a vb ;

,

; ;

ôdoyé

wound

an

.g .

(e

;

kôdwi

,

)

)

.

. of ')

;

;

)

vb

(

n

tak

;

)

Gallicism

liquid

dry

sék

. -

;

') ').

(“

(“

kacho

.

dungeon

adj

.

.

bèbè

n

.

vb

;

n

phr pou tèt prep

Struck dumb

.

sôm

. n. doublô

doublé

;

. prep

adj somber dull dumb gaga adj stupid

n

adj

(

;

vb

.

gras

phr

.

due

-

-

).

duck kâna

adj

n

following

forming nega

to

with

, (

vb

.

'

piga

adj

chèch chéché

a

a

).

.

n

vb

donkey

.

.

n

tâbou

drunk sou adj drunkard tafyatè

n

.

n

.

n

;

drôm

lésé tôbé dégout

.

in

drops dégouté

-

. ( n.

(

vb

( of

vb

of

(

liquid

ʻlet fall

vb

vb .

. .

n

drum

liquids

phr

vb

.

n

.

).

n

vb

.

(

.

')

n

.

.

vb

n

. . vb

n

tôbé

drown néyé drudge trimê

n

.

gouté

Fall

n

. . .

bwasô

drug store fômasi

vb

fèt

gouté

Draw

chôjé

pâsé

drive promnad auto droll dròl adj

. n. vb . n .

;

ņ

vb

fè

do

't

doubloon

Keep dragging

make picture

abiyé

vb vb );

vb

vb

.

n

.

';

drip

kité

complement tive imperative

double doub

sôjé

wound drink bwè

drop

again réfè

verb

door pòt dot puê

tirwa ròb

phr pull

vb

.

vb

.

n

drawer

phr with indirect

past particple done donkey bourik Work like bouriké don

fè

.

;

'n

kyoulé dream

diviner divinò dizzy toudi adj

dollar dola

potré

tiré

ditch fosé fòs divide patajé

doctor doktè doll popé

trênê

n

.

.

n

draw

dress

district distrik disturb dérájé disturbance dérâjmâ

Do

dragô

drain drê

cause pain

bòdmè

sîgwé

n

dragon

vb

; .

révoké

be

,

fè

lapên

object

Come down

drivayé

phr disport oneself bay bân dispute diskisiô kôt disrespectful dérés pékté dissuade dékôséyé distance distâs distant lwê adv

;

.

n

vb n

-

drag ralé

disorder dézòd disorderly dézòd adj

dock

doze kabicha vb

.

dishonor dézònè

go

(

; dégoutâs n .

n

dozen douzên

dish towel tòchô dismiss râvoyé

distress

ward adv down désân

,

.

.

palmâté vb

down

. vb ; dégou

pla n

;

vb

vb

.

vb ;

vb

douté

n

n

disembark débaké disguise dégizé vb

discuss diskité vb ; palé

disgust dégouté

doubt dout doutâs down hill going désât downright karémâ adv ba

.

)

vb

-

discover dékouvri

dish

277

;

n.

discourse diskou

CREOLE

. n. ;

HAITIAN

HALL ]

.

.

-

a

vb .

.

vb

;

;

.

.

vb

.

vb

.

;

; .

.

).

.

(

)

to

.

)

prâ

.

n

(

. . n ; f .

n

;

vb

( vb )1

n

(o

.

géi vb vb

;

vb

.

;

vb

.

.

,

;

.

-

;

).

')

('

vb

.

n

.

n

refi

.

sové

vb

;

escape chapé

fòt vb n n ; .

.

vb

.

adj

.

equal égal érè

vb

.

n

vb

;

,

; .

n

epidemic épidémi

error

.

embarrass âbarasé

n

.

n

entrance pòtal envy jalouzi

.

n

. .

vb

num

âbaké

dija adv

entertain distrè amuse hold party for entire âtié adj zâtray entrails trip

errand kômisiô

.

ôz

eleven

adv

adj cpd

déja

(

bòzò

costume dinaza elegantly bâdamâ adv

adj Elegant

.

elegant bâda adj

embark

.

adj

phr

.

vb

;

éléksiô

prémié

n

éléksiô

enter âtré

chên

vb

.

.

n

adj

; .

fè

eldest léné election

vb

vb

swa

asé

laji

.

;

cord

. . .

ni

. .

ni

.

enough

kokên

vb n

n

enormous

swa coord koud

kléré

( é )

n

enlighten

. .

-

. . . or

either

elect

bâboché

plézi

.

. .

.

beater batèz eggplant béréjèn eight wit num

egg

elbow

jwi

refl enjoyment jwisâs enlarge grâdi grosi

zé n

éfò

énim

Enjoy oneself

n.

(1) êstriksiô

n

effect effort

enigma enjoy

èz

ê

adj

.

bay

pt

afiance marry

n

;

gravé

;

vb

éfè n

education

vb

élvé

âglé

engrave

géi

striksiô

egg

vb ; phr.

édiké

English

n

educate

fiâsé engagement fiâsay engine machin motè England Lâglétè engage âgajé

fasil adj. . mâjé eat vb . Eat up dévasté vb ('devastate ') . Eat only every other day mâjé - soté vb cpd .

fini

élmi

,

dé - lè n

easy

edge bộ n.

n

endure sipòté enemy énmi

phr .

âkourajé

vb n

endive chikoré

earth ( la ) tè n .

earthquake trâblémâ east lès n .

ſê

end bout

out

adj

avâtajé

;

encourage

phr

Empty

.

encounter râkôt

f -èz) adj.

vidé

émayé

enamelled

bay travay

n

.

n

.

sérié (opt

earnest

vid

débòdé

bonè, bônè adv .

earn gê (gnê) vb

adj vb

, adj.

each chak indef pron

early

.

émosiô

employ âplwayé empty

eager , be ( 1) âvi vb ear zorèy n .

n

éméri

emotion

.

emery

;

n.

.

mên phr

vb

dwelling abitasyô

n

.

vb

n cpd

brake

vb .

dwarf ti-kou -t -bòt

emergency

n

vb . Duty - service kòvé

.

n

vb vb .

embroider brodé

n ; siyé

dust pousiè duty dévwa

âbrasé

frê

embrace

n

n.

during pâdâ - prep .

vb

duplicity doub

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

-

AMERICAN

278

résévwa

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL

adv ; sitou adv.

( e) spésialmâ

especially

279

eye jé n .

essence ésâs n . face figi n .

.

'). ).

of

.g .

(e

n

.

n

.

n

.

;

n

.

n

vb

-

a

jèn

.

n

In

.

;

vb

fate

.

fè

') ;

n

one

.

's

.

vb n

.

.

(

)

pè pè n n

;

n

.

n

.

n

.

bâboché

.

vb

vb pè

;

.

pè n

n

; (;

fèt n n

;

la )

.

n

; ;

fòt .

n

vb

.

. bo -

cpd

n

adj

nouri

. .

feeble fèb

priest

n

krêtif

;

n

bâboch

vb

.

vb

. . .

Accept

grasifikasiô

feather plim February févrié feed

vit adj

cpd

n

feast

vb

,

.

vb

phr

.

.

vb

fear krêt

extra âkò adv dégi adv extremely sâmâmâ adv

;

jên

-

.

vb . n

fault défo favor favè

.

;

vb

lôjé

law

in -

. vizité

vb

;

vb

soté

lamòd exoc

fashion

n

(

.

.

vb n

father

fatten grésé faucet robiné

exterminate patafyòl pétéfyèl touyé

.

;

)

(

.

cl . vb

;

.

father papa

.

;

vb

pozé

destiné prâ

rété

ésplikasiô

explode pété explore égzaminé

grès

fate

vb

éspliké

és

n

;

. vb

tân

n

és

éséyé

étân

fast

fat

périâs

experiment

extend

pété

ʻrapid

experience

expose

vb

(

);

vb

vb

vb . be

és

péré

expense dépâs

fèm

phr

vb

,

égzèsis

figi pati

exist égzisté

explanation

.

vb .

;

).

(

exile éksilé

fart

engine

lwê adv

abitasyô

fashion mòd

égzèsé

exhausted

far away

farmer abitâ

shoot

vâtilatè

n

fan

.

;

poupou

fiziyé

adj

.

;

sêp

adj

dress dinaza

farm

éskizé carry out execute ézékité n

excuse éskiz

n

;

n

.

évâtay

fancy okabiné

vb .

in

.

.

vb

;

vb

vb .

excrement kaka

extinguish

fame rébômé familiar òdinè adj family fâmiy famous famé

.

â

éksité

,

in

excite

explain

drops dégouté

adj

n

prep

;

- )

sòf -

. éksépté prep

plis exoc phr exchange boukāté troké excess

expect

false

.

.

;

,

mâyê

vb

(

except for

exercise

;

vb

vb

vb

kôtrolé

mâgnê

clear

.

.

.

.

Examine by touch

n

faith lafwa faithful fidèl adj fall tộbé Fall

phr

n

.

-

;

n

égzaminé

examine

eye

n

maldyòk

.

n

. fail mâké vb. adj pèdi kônésâs faint adj adj just fair vb

jis

This evening aswè - a n event évênmâ n . every chak adj everywhere tou patou adv cpd adj evil mal méchâ Evil

izin

fade fênê

vb

n.

('

; swa phr .

n

. (

; laswaré

n

factory

.

aswè

n.

fact fè

klè

.

to ata prep

n

evening

adv

mêm

fèb

phr. Even

kâ

so

');

n.

adv . Even

even mêm

fo

Europe Lérop

.

vb

.

flâ n

.

.

.

;

)

.

n

vb

.

n

.

.

n

n

vb .

.

. vb

. .

n

.

tèt n vb

.

)

.

as

)

. (

vb

. ( )y

ba

;

-

of

another verb

.

n

adj

.

foreign étrâjé létrâjé

.

.

.

phr

vb

;

forefoot pié douvâ

oblijé

n

.

n

tôbé

fòsé

vb

n

ford pas

;

prep

vb

défân

force fòs

ʻin vb

.

.

( lit

-

pou

(

fit

adj

)

;

;

. ,

adv

;

.

;

n

throw

vb . fou

.

n

.

n

;

n

-

.

,

ajisté exoc phr a

fòm

vb

.

-)

vb n

;

.

v

;

n n

adj

bobas

act foolishly bétizé chiggery With sore

feet pié chik adj cpd ka

for

vb

;

n

;

kriz

-

â

n

;

.

pié

.

;

.

foot

forbid

Have phr

vb

-

adj

béta

Talk

n

.

n

zê

.

') kriz

sêk num

n

.

vb

. .

vb

. . vb

;

(

swiv

complement

n

')

('

ak

pou

foolish

.

péché

. n.

-

net sên êdispozisiô adjust

-

fit

five

ployé

(

. .

.

n

;

;

pwasô

,

fish pwésô

form

n

.

).

(

. .

n

fê

.

n

adj

fléri

phr fontanelle fôtèn food mâjé nouriti cpd fool êsèl badyo

dabò adv

fish

poulê

follow vb

; .

vb n

fold

fiks adj solid adj first prémié adj prémièmâ adv At first

fish hook

volé

kimê fodder mâjé

adj

kaba

fler

foam

vb

vb ; ;

n

;

n

-

mouch

foal

movie

cpd

kôtré

firebrand tizô firefly koukouy fèm

flè

.

)

to

. sinéma

fine bâda adj finger dwèt

finish fini fire difé

n

.

n

.

flow

débòdé

gian

vb

vb

vb in

koulé flower

propté

find jwên

firm

flood lavalas floor plâché

fly

mal

the fight

flour farin

(

n

.

filth

give

cpd

Fill

vb

film

fim vb

fill

plê

Not

floté

arithmetic overflowing

-

tôbé lévé figure chif

flesh chè

float up

. . .

fierce féròs adj fifty sêkât num

fight goumê

adj Flat

n

.

;

sauân

n

n

flay kòché flea pis

.

jadê

gou

plat phr

n

.

.

n

. .

n

fiâsé

;

( cha e )

field

flavor

adj

kèk indef

fiancé

plati

flatter flaté flattery flaté

n

,

a

fièv

hand tire pan kaotchou

flatten

n

sèp

fever few

fetter

la

fetish fétich

pla

flat

n

.

n

, .

flash limiè

n

ferment fèmâté fertilizer âgré

flâm

flank

vb vb . .

défân

n

.

tip

n

.

n

-

( for 1)

fend

flame

adj

âtouraj lâtouray

fence

fiks adj

flag drapo

. .

student kôdisip

female fimèl

râjé

fixed

n

fellow

sâti vb .

( n. of

fellow

, mâyê vb ( touch ); sâtimâ n . boug n ; gasô n ;

feel mâgnê feeling

( MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION fix

AMERICAN

280

Foreign

parts

HAITIAN CREOLE

HALL

function maché vb .

.

fund ( s ) fô n . funeral âtèmâ n . funny dròl adj .

forgive padônê vb . fouchèt n (eating kròk n (of tree ) .

implement ) ;

fork

fòmé vb . In

â - fòm

form

gait

,

.

n

(

n

;

).

.

n

.

. .

kokên

jêjâm

cl

.

n

.

chên

adj cpd

.

gigantic ginger

; .

Get well géri

.

vb

débat dégajé

vb vb

n

.

Get along Get loose

-

fun

-

Make

.

.

both

.

.

m

;

n

.

vb

n

distraksiô

;

n

,

,

;

n

.

n

fri

'fry

.

of

gwayé

sign

vb

.

.

adj

fun amizmâ

jès gnê

giddap wiyl gift êtrên kado

.

pwélô

gesture

n

ple

full

cpd

n

pan

-

frying

mouché

Get ready paré

pwésô

Small

koko

dousmâ adv adj German almâ

débrouyé

‘ .

vb . n

fri

fry

fruit fwi

gently

get

n

,

dévâ douvâ adv prep

frontier frôtiè

gentleman

sié

lâ

phr

;

âvâ exoc

-

ân

( )of ) , .

verb

front

.

;

complement

of -

,

nâ -

)

;

.

as

(

( )i

vb

sòt

(

; -

:

in

preceding

female bòbòt

(i )

n

-

dé

prep

genitalia

terms indecent gentle dou adj jâti adj

n

coat rédâgot prep Gallicism

n

frock

sézismâ

adj adj

dônâ

n

kômè

(

n

(

kôpè

fréyè

front

general jénéral generous

,

vb

phr

decayed

fright from

.

.

.

adj not

friend zâmi

dégajé

gawping bèkèkè adj. phr gear châjmâ vitès gendarme jâdam n

fè n

,

fresh fré

pay

be

frequent

gazolin n .

together rasâblé vb .

.

;

débarasé

libèté

; n;

freedom

;

n

n

n

;

lib

adj

; krazé

n

.

.

fragment ékla frame kad n .

n

gate bariè , bayè n ; kloti n ; pòtay n . gather kéyi vb ; râmasé vb . Gather

vb

n

gasoline ésâs

f() .

fowl volay

.

('one quarter ') .

n

n

(hunted

.

gas gaz n .

m

num

fourth ka

n

.

vb

four kat (r )

n

n

fôtèn

n

kòk gêm

cock

jadê n .

garlic lay

. m ); ). .

fountain

(play ); jibié

n

animal) . Game phr . trou n .

graden

foula n .

foulard

free

gap

.

.

n.

galô

game jwèt

exoc phr .

an - aoà

kochèt vb

gégên n

gallon

fortunate êrê adj. fortune fòtin n (wealth ) . forty karât num .

foul

.

gain gê (gnê ) vb

former âsiê adj ('old ') . fort fò n . .

forward

gad about kouri kaskanèt vb phr .

(gê

;

n

phr .

.

fòm exoc

vb

form

furniture , piece of mèb n . future , with a davéni adj .

vb

n

)

foreigner étrâjé forest bwa n . forge fòj n . forget blié vb .

281

ANTAROPOLOGICAL

( y ) vb ; rapòté

vb

fruit ) . Give back

, e .g.

vb

rémèt

rân

avèti vb

;

.

grain

grên

.

n

granary galata

; kolôbié

n

grand magnifik adj. grandfather grâ - papa

n

grandmother , granny grân

glad

grape

(tumbler ) ; vit

.

(substance ) .

gratification grasifikasiô vb ; pral ( é) vb . Go vb ; gohed : m- cl. Go

rékouché

râtré vb . Go back to bed vb . Go down bésé vb ;

désân vb

. Go

n cpd

greet salié

.

grimace

grignê

grind grajé moulê grindstone mèl

godmother marên

gripe babyé

.

n

;

. 1 /4

gourde

(

).

vb

.

.

vb

.

vb

.

n

;

. ;

vb

.

vb

;

vb

;

vb

vb

.

.

.

.

n

(racket ) ; grèf n (on plant ) ; (make illegal profit ).

gyobé vb

gum gồm gumbo gôbo gum

tree

gômié

n

;

tokay

vegetable

.

n

vb .

n

grace gras graft gyób

Guinea Gînê guinea hen pêtad (

; mâché n.

grab kêbé vb

n

gidé guide guilty koupab adj

gouvènê vb . governor gouvènè n . govern

.

n

vb

pias

n

;

; n.

n

n

.

guava gouyav

guess deviné diviné guest évité

.

n

mimiré

.

n

.

gad Guard duty faksiô phr Stand guard prâ faksiô

n

goudê

guard

gid

gourde goud

grôdé

,

gospel ( 1) évâjil n .

grumble babyé

vb

goods byề n ; machâdiz n . goose zwa n .

katégori

Grow

.

m

group

numb âgoudi Grow stale rasazié growl grôdé pousé

n

bônôm n . Good night bôswa - cl. Good time , have a bâboché vb ; géi vb refl . good - for -nothing fêgnâ n .

man

group bên grow

vb

adj .

-

bô

( . la )

In good health êgâm adj . bye Good orévwa m - cl ; agyo m - cl. Good evening bôswa m - cl . Good

good

complain

tè n

.

ground

n

n.

-

gold là n .

vb

god - daughter fiyèl n . godfather parên n .

n

; bô -dié

greedy

adj

).

god dié n

n

Be

.

n. ; kabrit n .

green

giyônmâ

goat bouk

grès n .

grease

adj great greedy goumâ adj

vb .

goad digé vb ; giyônê vb . goading

adj .

gray gri

vb .

akôpâgnê

gravmâ adv .

gravely

.

sòt( i)

out

Go

( a ) vâsé vb . vb . Go with

forward

.

. .

case in

n

gratitude rékônésâs n . grave fos n ; tôm n ; grat adj. gravel gravié n .

vb .

; maché

ahead

back

grapefruit chadèk n . grass zèb n .

vb

go al ( é ) vb

n

grâ

n

n.

.

rézê n

vèt

glass vè

.

n cpd

gizzard

glasses linèt n glory glwa n .

.

n

. Give notice fal n . kôtâ adj.

vb

(yield

.

ba

vb

girl ti- fi n . give

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

saf

AMERICAN

282

HAITIAN CREOLE

.

n

'). n

.

(

-

.

n

.

n

,

. vb

.

;

.

In

.

n

In

pil .

.

.

n

;

vb n

.

')

('

vb

.

vb

.

.

n

cpd

object and

pron

vb .

rîdé

sèviab

adj

.

adj

as

sèvis

; vb ;

n

;

édé

.

)

;

kôkou

( as -

her

li

; .

n

.

.

n

rotè

helpful râdât travayâ

chofé

adj

èd ( n la

.

n

.

help

;

. vb

n

n

( )lé

.

n

possessive vb

mê

.

)

.)

,

is

. (

ecce

chikânê vwazinaj

n

pickled

are

Lat

-

,

.

=

(i

herring

vb

;

n

mpersonal

etc

).

here isit adv Here

).

fè

vb

phr

.

vb ;

;

n

( la )

.

n

mêm

.

pron cpd

.

himself

cpd

exoc phr

;

lè

-

.

pron

him

n

.

n

mòn

hillbilly nèg mòn

. -

(

with

hill

li -

vb

.

vb

vb

;

Have

géi

li

).

(i )

sòt

time bâboché refl Have just verbal complement

vb

)

(

good

â

.

ro

-

â

.

ro

.

-

n

.

,

gâ

gnê

. . .

.

kaché

hiding place kachèt adj On high high exoc phr

. gêyê

cpd vb

n

. pron

;

bèt n

.

ézité

po

.

hesitate

hide

phr

mêm

vb .

.

vb

-)

hers herself

vb

),

pa

,

on

hat

li - li

vb

.

n

a

.

; n.

n

on

a

kè ,

;

.

.

-

( y ) i ( gnê

.

obey

cpd

ra

(gê

n

vb

vb

.

;

vb vb

. .

-

a

;

,

rèd

n

heel talô

height

.

rékòlté

kaskèt Have chapoté hat

plotônê

a

sièl

heaven

(

rékòlt

haughtiness prétâsiô haughty prétâsié adj

haul

tchè

heavy lou

Vrais hateful raisab adj

have

adj

attribute

haste vitès

hate

obéyi

heartbreak chagrê heat chalè chodé

mal nwi mal with indirect object

chapo

êgâm

health êfim

n

.

.

n

.

heart

adj

put

.

-

.

n

-

a

vb frê

-

hear tâdé

harbor larad adj hard ròd adj hardly pên exoc phr hardship difikilté lavi phr laboryèz adj hard working

hat

good

poor health

healthy vayâ adj heap kâtité

n

rivé

happening évênmâ happy kôtâ adj

di

-

.

.

n

.

mê

hearken

handsome bâda adj hang padyé pân

harvest

,

.

-

n

; .

n

.

n

.

handkerchief mouchwa handle mâch

sâté

adj

hand mê Hand brake phr Hand over rémèt

harm

trokèt

Head over

phr

dress tignô kignô chignô

.

lit

n

;

n

head cushion head

n

hammer mato

happen

.

.

vb

;

n

,

jâbô

pron

mêm

boss

heels bout pou bout

health

-

ham

himself

head light lập heal géri réfè

n

piès

bòs

;

.

( e )

head

haggle diskité pri phr pwèl hair chévé chivé half lamotché mwatié démi adj phr Half liter démi

hall

li

. . .

the habit

vb

bôn

phr

He

pron

cpd

of

in

.

l()

n

abitid

Be

he habit

n.

li -

hawk malfini hay chèch zèb

tip

n.

.

;

n

n

guy boug

tèt n

gun fizi n ; karabin

283

n

HALL ]

AMERICAN

hinder âgajé vb ; âpéché vb ; âtravé vb

.

. attribute ) ;

phr.

history istwa n . hit bay kou vb phr; frapé

vb

;

tapé vb

;

téké vb (collide ) . hitch up atlé vb .

however sépâdâ adv . huge kokên adj .

hunch -backed bosko adj . hundred sâ num .

;

.

.

n

.

n

cl .

.

vb

vit

fè

vb vb ;

-

.

fè

.

.

.

n

(1 )

ti -

; .

n

-

;

n

n

- -

-

.

hypo

cpd

.

-

Act vb

.

-

adj

.

n

-

mêm

. . .

idea lidé

idle flâné

phr

.

laglas

n

krèm

-

ice cream

.

glasiè

.

box

vb

the

n

('

of

.

master

n

ice - ice

.

n

glas

phr

myself mwê

I

mwê pron

.

I

.

n

otèl

n

la

. . '). -

adj n

cho

host mèt kay house

ipokrit

cpd

n

horsewhip rigwèz hospital lopital

-

fè

-

horseshoe

cpd

hypocritical

critically mòdé souflé

horse ranch hat

hot hotel

n

.

vb

Gal

(

chival

n

chéval

,

n

;

Lock horns makònê

).

licism

.

-

.

chwal

ijièn

hymn kâtik hypocrisy mòdé souflé cpd hypocrite mòdé souflé cpd Jézi cpd zôbi dousmâ krab nâ

.

;

;

a

n

horn kòn horse

phr

.

adj

mal

phr

n

plat

Regain hope rênèt horizontal plat adj kouché phr nivo exoc phr

.

n

;

;

vb

és

vb vb

hygiene éspwa

présé

n

kay

-po

.

.

n

hut

pito

Hunted

.

blésé

n

.

n

hurt

husband mari

péré

lachas

vb

hurry kouri

;

adj

hurl fésé hurray bravo

;

)

èz

f -

(o

(

; ) .

pt

n

ménay

.

ménaj

household

hope

vb

.

n

.

.

n

;

sê

;

n

; ;

adj

honest ônèt adj sérié honeycomb mièl honor ônè hoof zago

chasé

animal jibyé hunter chasè

,

fèt n

( la )

holy sakré adj kay home

hunt

adj

kré

cpd . Be hungry

.

gou vb

,

.

adj

grâ -gou

hungry vakâs

.

ménaj , ménay n . voltijé hover vb . how kômâ , koûmâ interr adv . How many kôbê , koúbê interr adv .

vb

of

kêbé vb .

ravin

(large , upper

n

house of ka prep

n

hoe rou n ; séklé ak - rou vb phr. hold kal n ( of ship ) . Catch hold n

; mézô

hull kòk n (of boat ). human moun n . humor imè n .

awé adj. hobo va- ni - uất n cpd.

hoarse

hole trou holiday

phrases re

è in

household

vb

li n

n

At the

class ) .

hire lwé vb . his li pron ( as possessive

hollow

(la ) kay

house

hip rê n .

pa

hour (1) è n . ( Always ferring to time. )

a

gộ n

;

n

baré

hinge

jênê vb

n

vb ;

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

vb m

284

pron

HAITIAN CREOLE

n

. .

.

vb

.

prâ

.

,

;

n dâ ; . vb . .

;

.

n

.

ti -

dâ ,

-

la -

a

. ).

;

.

n

.

n

n

;

n

;

vb

.

n

. .

;

vb

vb

dâ

.

vb

.

vb

. .

.

n

vb

.

vb

.

.

n

tòl

.

li

il n .

âbété

vb

.

irritate

island pron

iron

.

vb

.

n

n

; ;

vb .

vb

. . n.

fè

.

')

. ( '

n

phr

.

Corrugated

irrigate rouzé

it

.

n

pull

n

vb

pistô

information râsêgnmâ inheritance léritaj

adj cpd

iron

; vb .

bay nouvèl

êvaziô êvâté

invitation lêuitasyô invite êvité

.

maché

n

influence êfliâs inform

â

(

.

n

invent

vb .

.

n

invasion

.

;

n

bô -

infatuate âgwé

dé

phr

adv cpd

invade avai

.

dâ

-

â

inexpensive

lidé

n

. .

vb

n

,

.

into

introduce prézâté

indiscreet person fouradò indoors exoc phr industry êdistri travay inelegant makwa adj

lidé

êtéré

lésperi

interfere mélé international êtenasyonal adj interrupt dérâjé êtérôp

-

independent êdépâdâ adj adj Indian êdiê indicate êdiké

(1 )

(

fé

exoc

-

sifé

cl . -

ân -e

m

;

cl ;

-

m

âhâ

!

;

phr

bộ

indeed tout

lidé

intent ion interest

fè n

;

.

grâ

la

phr

phr

vini

vb

adj

increase ogmâté

pi

fè

.

vb

dâ

vb

-

la

phr

phr

vb n

.

-

.

include mété

insurance asirâs asiré intelligence êtélijâs insure

intend

n

inch pous

dâ

(l )

vain

)

. . .

prep

plas

instruction êstriksiô instrument aparèy êstrimâ joumâ insult jouré

gê

.

. .

cpd

-

,

lâ n

In

.

of

prep

phr

radi adj

vb

;

olié prep exoc phr Gallicism

grémési exoc phr

pou

radiès

install estalé instant momâ instead

vb

pi

nâ -

); -

Gallicism magré

spite

In

lâvi mouri

(

)-

in â (n

fè

;

vb

imprudent person

biê

phr

prep

insolent êsolâ adj frôté adj inspector espèktè

adj

kôsékâ

. ;

adj

impossible êposib improve amélioré prep

mâmâ adj

adj

êpòtâ

éksijé

.

adj

kokên

;

immense

important

exoc phr

cpd

( of )

;

;

adv

.

touswit adv

insist

adv

. .

.

imédiatmâ

poulòs

phr

n

.

vb

;

adv

adv

osito

bèt

insolence

imitate imité immediately déswit adv

insect inside

-

Ill Ill

. .

n

.

made

vb

,

imbecile

becile ébété

lostrogo

;

be n

n

;

kréiè

chôjé

- .

,

; -

sôjé

cpd

châm

innocent inosâ adj inquire râsêgnmâ inquisitive tripòt adj

la

adj

im n

n

;

dévên

otèl n .

inner tube

on

;

dézòd

élvé

vb

Make

adj

.

Ill

.

bouki

adv

health kôvalésât

behaved

luck maldyòk mannered mal imagine imajiné imbecile

mal

vb

In

').

('

badly

adj

;

inn kafé n

')

(

ʻsick

ill

ill

sizoka subord .

adj

malad

n.

ink lâk

;

if si subord

n

flânè n .

idler

285

dé -

HALL ]

AMERICAN

;

;

n

;

.

n

;

.

n

)

vb

bo

);

(

.

vb .

-

n

.

n

.

n

( e )

vb .

.

n

né

.

.

n

vb

;

n

.

n

.

n

vb

.

pl

).

médam

(

n

.

n

. n

;

madâm

.

(1 )

lake

lamb moutô lamp lập lamp shade abajou

. . .

.

vb

n

lâsé vb

diré

;

)

ʻunload

').

laj

adj

a

with

country

( (

. . n. ;

vb n

)

vb (

lâg

n

n

; .

mébi

catch

last dènié

adj

vb ;

a

on

.

grâ

vb .

bòn

lash kach lasso

,

.

vb

.

vb

pédalé

Keep

pedaling

ré

dragging drivayé Keep

pouswiv

Keep phr Keep

.

nòt

vb

;

séré vb

kêbé

vb

. vb .

kêbé

péi

déchajé

lantern fânal

landmark language

n

record

;

keep gadé

kolé vb

juxtapose

earth

lard mâtèg adj large

.)

verbal complement justice lajistis

débaké

; n.

.

n

land

n

with

;

sòt

tè n

.

(

used pozitiv adv

( la )

as

phr

now

(

)

. . . .

-

grên

Just

vb

you

n

adj

quasi adv Have just

i)(

; n.

.

n

.

n

lagoon lagô

étâ n

.

up

vb .

;

vb

vb

.

néchèl

dam

.

.

n

.

vb

.

n

.

Jump

lady

n

n

.

n

.

-

nâ

label létikèt labor pains trâché

n

;

;

.

n

rô - .

râsé

n

jis

just

kôn

ladder

so n

jê

fatra

know

lack mâké

and down pôpé junk

bobo

Weeding knife jâbèt

knowledge könésâs known koni adj

lace dâtèl

soté

June

knot

lad gasô

grâsé

n

.

n

.

cpd

.

;

n

jijn

July jiyé jump

kwizin

la

.

n

.

.

n

n

') '); n

;

jwèt

n

juice

ji

jug krich

jijé

vb

.

râs

phr

râs exoc phr

;

joy

judge

(

.

n

,

. (2 )

.

n

. vb

(-

;

n

.vb

mété âsâm

jokester badin jwa kôtâtmâ

formal

.

kite kap knee jénou knife kouto knock frapé

n

(“

Joking

rwayom

kitchen koujin

n

jew

-

's

find put together

joke blag

adj

émab

.

kingdom

vb

machwè

jewel bijou harp militô join jwên

king rwa

kiss âbrasé

jealous jalou adj jealousy jalouzi

dyòb

ras

n

.

n

cpd

n

-

-of ;

ja

n

kânari

jaw machwa jazz djaz

n.

.

.

all trades michèl morê kôfiti January jâvié

job

touyé

kind kalité jâti adj

jack

jar

; mamit

jâ

kill

n

jacket lévit jam

n

n

mêm

kettle chodiè key

n

cpd

pron

-li

itself

phr.

(MEMOIRS , 74

.

li n

ASSOCIATION

klé n

(as possessive attribute ) ;

pron

pa

.

its li

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

vb ; .

286

.

'

('

vb );

vb

;

')

(

.

n

;

)

vb

.

-,

.

-

-

;

(

up

kô -

-,

;

.

gê lè va

vb

).

( of

be

n

kön Like

.

n

Smack

one

;

bouch

.

.

vb

's

po

adj

.

;

.

n

)

vb

vb

. to

(

lit .

A

.

.

n

.

.

vb

;

.

n

n

;

.

n

chajé

-

a

.

vb

.

n

.

n

;

;

n

.

log bwa

vb

phr také séri fèmê klé Lock horns makònê lodgings pâsiô vb

.

.

cpd

n

lwa chajmâ load chaj lobster rôma lock

n

mi

adj

vivâ

loa

On

.

vb

.

)

-

(

the

. ; n. ti -

liv

pé vb

)

liver fwa

little

. .

lèt

a

;

n

ra

n

ra

quasi prep

n

.

plâni

noun prefix

adv

little millet piti live

living

.

letter dépozé

you

. phr

. of n; n vb .

tâdé

n

vb

sispân

- (@

burst

viv

go

Let

('

').

up

.

')

Let

vb

(

vb

frent

pété

)

Mail

vb

n

.

n

.

,

.

plô

')

Plumb

phr

n

à n

cpd

.

. vb

vb

.

n

maché bwété lign

n

lwé

Let out

liberty libèté adj library bibliotèk lick niché

;

vb

;

).

:

.

n

liter

.

lèt n

(

level liana liân

prep

phr

kouté

literature little piti adj

lettuce léti level nivo

lèv n

go

)

vb

vb ( (

listen

forth with cease

fil

. .

.

vb . n

list lis

litany litani

; .

vb . vb n

té

( ki )

lagé

lapòs

,

vb

lips kwipé liquid likid liquor likè

adv

( s )

lesson lêsô

let

;

; .

vb n

,

n

lôgè

less mwe

letter

let lésé depart

.

n

sitrô

prété

length

pati

kòm

kou

body

thread

linger blayi

adj

lemon

lend

line

lagé

)

go

(

gòch

away

leg jâm

fil

.

learn aprân leather kwi

left

limit limit limp bwété line

ékléré

exoc phr

vb .

you

subord

('

vb

.

vb

fè

;

so

pâché

soté

phr

kité

kou

n

,

).

limb mâm lime sitrô

n

of

distance

;

-)

;

so n

bô n

adj

mégr

; (V

lean mèg

leave

prep

this likely

.

leak koulé leap

measure

n

league

vb (

lyé

lead kôdwi leaf fèy n .

fêgnâ n .

bô

adj. Lazy person vb ; mênê vb .

parésé

vb

lazy

alimé like paréy adj

tâ

vb

not heavy

.

pôn

( eggs) .

adj

léjé

Light

; -

(“put down ') ;

bay māti

.

la )

(

lift lévé light limiè

.

n

falsehood

n

vb

lieutenant liétnâ life

n.

;

n.

tell

ʻrecline

phr

.

lay dépozé

tôdèz

kouché

vb n

lawn -mower lawyer avoka

mâtin vb

later lâdémê adv . laugh ri vb . laundry lésiv n ( clothes ) . law lalwa n . Law court tribinal

kouvè

n

(behind

time ) .

. .

exoc phr

â -réta

vb vi n

adv ;

lip

ta

287

( s )

late

CREOLE lie lid

HAITIAN

HALL )

.

vb

vb

-

ak

.

vb

fè

. vb .

.

to

.

n

vb

.

.

)

.

n

,

;

; n

vb

.

n

.

;

vb

. .

.

n

.

. )

(

. .

.

March mas

)

(

n

.

n

dêuên

.

Bad luck

n

adj

n

. .

n

;

.

. .

n

.

;

n

mores

manufacture many âpil adj plizié adj map kat plaything marble mab fè

vb

n

maniè

manners mès

.

-

manner

jâ n

a

In

;

vb .

ba

béglé

.

vb

.

n

.

to

vb

.

; .

manioc maniòk adv

.

lump mòso

râjé

vb

-

mangle rachônê

.

ak

vb

phr

n

;

lou

mane kriniè manger kréch mango mâgo

bên

lukewarm

n

n

phr

n

.

; .

n n

Make love

adj

fidèl chân

réfè

cpd maltreat mal trété nèg man nòm msié misié mouché ironical Old man tôtô (

. .

vb

.

fè (1)

bèl

luck

adj

Make again Make love lâmou Make well réfè male mal adj

make

mandolin mâdolin

low voice chwi chwi adv cpd

loyal

letter dépozé you

a

phr

n.

rêmê

adj

bésé

Mail

lapòs main prêsipal

manage okipé

lâmou

lower

lapòs n .

mail

.

n

(servant ).

n

n

phr

âmou

bas

bòn

.

.

vb

tiré

lover rémâ adj lovely low

maid

.

;

;

)

lots

youn

).

pilvb

â

of

(

n

Draw

rézô

adj

lounge flâné lounger flânè love

quantity

adj

fò

loud

.

. .

;

n

(

rézô

mahogany kajou

malediction madichô

pakèt

chance

lots

loose dégajé

.

lord ségnè lose pèdi lo

adj Get

lot

loose lach

vb n

Look out for défân

lest

. . . ).

care

')

('

take

(“

piga

vb

vb

vb

Look for chaché , chèché vb . Look out kêbé refl take care

magistrate majistra n . magnificent magnifik adj.

vb

gadé vb . Look after okipé vb ( tend ). Look around viré - gadé vb cpd . Look at fiské vb ; miré vb .

74

madness raj n . magic Pauê n .

lèt

loin rê n . long lô ( g) adj. Long ago gê lô-tô ( de -sa ) vb phr; tâ lô - tâ n phr. (For a ) long time gâ - tâ n cpd . look

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

fè

AMERICAN

288

.

;

)

(

n

school grade

.

;

nòt phr

.

vb

. .

marvelous mèvèyé adj mask mas .

.

n

n

;

marié

.

marvel mèvèy

n

marry âployé

vb

.

n

market maché marriage mariaj

n

.

n

madman dévorâ

.

vb

fèt

.

.

n

-

.

machine machine machine gun mitrayèz mackerel makriyo mad fou adj participle made

mark mak maké

vb n

.

vb

.

n

macaque wood makak machete mâchèt

n

.

n

mabby mabi

vb

.

n

mare jimâ marinate marinê

HAITIAN CREOLE .

.

')

('

.

')

(

;

pa

Protestant

(

)

n

) ; . n

n

. vb

n

n

(

mwê

.

n

. .

n

n

n

;

. .

;

-)

.

.

vb .

.

.

vb

.

n

;

fòt

gwayé

.

phr

adj

phr

.

lamòd exoc

a

;

modern nouvo

vb

bay fòm

adj

-

;

.

model modèl

n

.

vb

.

n

n

modest moment momâ Monday lêdi money lajâ kòb Monkey wrench klé monkey makak phr âglèz

.

.

n

.

.

n

vb

.

n

.

.

vb

mock charé mode mòd

sêp

vb

farinê

; .

.

n

.

n

;

n

.

vb

n

vapè

mistake mix mélâjé

n

;

n

taso

n

miss mâké

;

,

; .

n

mâzè

érè n n vb vb

.

n

;

n

-)

-)

méziré

.

.

n

.

.

pasé

.

Be

, pi n .

adv

more

mores mès morning bmatê matê mosquito marêgwê moustik

.

n

n

;

.

n

.

n

n

;

. n.

;

story

)

of

phr

(

n

more

lésô

moral adj

n

.

.

. n

n

vb n ; . .

adj

moral

jis

n

n

moon lalin mop siyé

. .

.

n

.

n

.

n

n

midnight minwit

month mwa

vb

.

n

.

.

n

microbe mikrob midday midi

;

n

.

merchandise machâdiz

merchant woman machân adj merry mercy mizérikòd mesh filèt message kômisiô

n

.

n

n

;

.

.

n

n

vb

souvni

(pli s ),

.

n

(

. v

mézir

vb

(

Miss

exoc phr

Dried meat

mầm

middle mitâ

misbehavior dezòd

mist

memory mémwa mend réparé

metal métal

after phr

ʻlook

miserable mizerab adj razè adj misery mizè pay mizér misfortune rèvès misplace afourayé

.

moyê

medicine médikamâ rémèd meet râkôtré Meet with kôtré meeting râkôt

member

pastè

V

n

Mean

n

( ân - v

mézir

meddler fasè kôtrolè medicament médikamâ

melon mélô melt fôn

; jòj vb

,

.

')

. ('

n

food

vb

;

')

;

mâjé

signifié

atâdâ

mézi

miziré meat viân

cpd

).

.

. ('

n

lakó

n

measure

n

(

n

mirror glas flour

meaning sâs means mézi meanwhile

gé

. tôtô

nan

;

n

.

.

minister minis pastor minute minit

adj

êfériè

action misié

weak

explosive

possessive

adv

pétèt

me mwê pron meal farin mean

okipé

mine min

n

matiè

la n

(

.

n

. ); ,

adj

. vb .

sa

(é )

.

.

vb rėjë phr vb

-

maybe

millipede mind lespri

-sê n

)

(

n

.

n

material material

May mé

milk tiré mill moulê

. vb .

lèt

.

)

;

.

n

(

lucifer

matter afè affair mattress mat may n

you

mat nat éposé

.

alimèt

(2 )

match

n

master mèt

vb

might kab kap mild dou adj fèb adj

n

masonry masố mass mès church service

289

,

HALL ]

jis

,74 MEMOIRS

than

AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

mother - in - law bèl-mè n cpd n.

mouvmâ

. picture

Motion

sinéma n . n.

.

naughty

exoc phr .

neat

djòl , gyòl

mouth bouch n (of animals or discourteous ) . move boujé vb ('budge ') ; mét ( é) vb (“put ') ; châjé plas vb phr (‘change n.

;

Negress nègès négès

.

.

n

ni

after

phr

.

vb

gê

.

)

. . .

. . .

.

n

. adv

.

Day

adj

.

;

nouvo

joudlâ

New Year news nouvèl apré adv Next next lòt adj zòt day démê Next kolé ak

.

;

to

.

)

.

n

koté prep

phr

.

adj phr nice jâti adj

. .

.

dew sérê

Niggardly

.

n

. .

nwit

n

kalé

night night

n

.

vb

kloué

n

n

.

)

cpd of

vb .

(

n

;

.

n

digit

nômê

ni

adj

( la ; ) ( n . a .pl

as

(

.

)

nèf

niece niès niggard nigodêm

adj

;

n

; n

name

nô tou

nail klou naked

zôg

nèf

nas

's

.

n

.

n

.

possessive attri

pron cpd

-

mystery mistè

ni coord

n

,

.

.

pron

jâm

(e )

.

n

.

vb

adj

bute myself mwê mêm

;

vb

vb

never new

mustache moustach mustard moutad

be n .

nest nich net filèt

vb

.

.

n

nervous

n

ess

,

-

nerve nèf

asasê

murmur mimiré must dwé

bèbè

n

,

.

n

-)

.

n

(

. .

,

murder asasiné

my mwê

.

cooperative bee koûbit

hood

n

multiply miltiplié

mute

n

Negro nèg neighbor vwézê vwazê vwézinaj Neighbor neighborhood vwézinaj neither nor negative

musician mizisiê

murderer

n.

n

.

( )p

.

Mulatto

n

music mizik

out

go

to

.

too

adv

mullato milat Vmilatr woman milatrès mule mil

. Need

vb

adj

n

labou

.

démolmèk

trò

much

mud

phr .

n

.

âpil adj

much

n

,

mouché

kou

needle zégwi n ; zépêg neglect néglijé

.

sié

Mr. m ( i)

.

n

bézwê n , vb lafwérad

; délòjmâ n .

n

vb

neckerchief mouchwa necktie kravat n . need

n.

movie sinéma moving brotay

( i) fo

kolèt n ; kou

neck

n

movement mouvmâ

adj. Be necessary impersonal ( ).

nésèsè

fòk ,

.

places ') .

adj.

pròp

necessary

n

n;

near pré adv .

(

sourit n .

n.

adj; malfézâ adj.

â pipèt

tê ( la pê ) tê -

â -dèy

mouse

mourning

In

.

n

n

mòn dèy

n

mountain

mourning

nation nasiô n . natural natirèl adj. nature nati ( v natir -)

;

n.

cpd

.

motor motè

narrow étwal adj .

-

motion

, 74

(MEMOIRS

nape (of neck ) nwa n . napkin sèvièt tab n phr .

n.

mother mâmâ

ASSOCIATION

,

290

person

HAITIAN

HALL )

matter nêpòt m - cl.

no nô m - cl . No nobody pèsôn n .

occasionally pafwa adv . lâmè n .

ocean

vb

.

-

lâ

.

vb

job

(

n

;

n

.

.

cl .

. m

.

n

fi

.

és

.

n

;

)

-

.

vb

.

n

phr ânik

n

. ;

vié

.

n

.

.

n

;

vb

(

;

;

vb

.

n

.

.

prep

;

,

Be

;

adv

opposite

-

sèlfê

-

-

.

ou

prep

vb

. lòd

phr

subord

In In

pou

phr

. .

that

order

bay

a

order

biê coord

.

zòd

to

else

zorây

;

,

Or

n

, . .

zorâj òd

coord

( 1 )

vizavi

vb

-

.

n

.

n

.

,

;

vb

adj

phr

n

â

.

n

vb

;

adj

exoc

-

ou

or

.

vb

vb

;

vb

n

;

. to ;

wè

(l )

.

vb .

. rémaké

grên

okazyô

kôtrè

fas

orange order

obsèvasiô

pré adv

.

.

-

on

n

.

n

vb .

kôstaté

vb

observe

kôstasiô

oblijé

you

( 1 )

;

)

n

)

;

.

vb

)

a

;

).

-

(

n

(

;

n

opinion lidé opportunity

n

be

,

observation

zāyô

sèlmâ adv ouvri ouvè operation opérasiô open

opposite

bijé

num

phr

kôtré

object protésté oblige obliged obliging sèviab adj

On purpose

yôn

Old person

cpd

néglijé

prep

one youn

Old maid

Old man tôtô

only sèl adj

for sick

(

caretaker

n

(

obey obéyi

-

.

)

n

. fè

phr

gadò nouris wet nurse baby tender nut ékrou for bolt nwa

sèmâ

sou

adj

vié

moun

omit blié

onion pay

zairô

-

n

vié

. volim

n

n

;

niméro

)

,

numerous nurse êfimiè

n

be

(

; .

vb

(

number âgoudi adj verb participle Grow numb âgoudi number chif quantity

cpd

siv n

traka

.

n

révès

cpd

kalalou

adj

âsiê

n

;

; tou -

ni

adj

; ; -cl .

old

.

ni

adj

okra

n

phr

;

a

kou

n

n -yé

, .

l--ayé

kou

oké

gôbo

.K .

.

n

oil lwil

n

.

n

oh

.

.

avèti

n

névên

nude nuisance

oath

officer ofisié

plas

officially ofisièlmâ adv often souvâ adv o m

vb

vb

Give notice

mô ady

oar râm

piké

.

;

zikak

).

(Gallicism

n

.

.

,

âgnê indef pron

sg )

prep

offend blésé offer ofri office biro

n

yê

r()

a

notice rémaké

now

prep (Gallicism ) ; pou - prep ; usually indicated by head + pos sessive attribute construction . Of

dé -

off

,

take notes

.

vb

Make phr

nourishment lanouriti November novâm novena

n.

the di- prep ( m

n .

nothing

n.

.

.

n

;

n

kêbé nòt kayé

notebook

oktob

of

n , adj.

notable notab note biyé nòt

October odor odè

; vb .

és kâdalè ( z ) adj . noon midi n . north nò n . nose né n . not pa - predicate prefix

)

sô n .

-,

;

n

noisy

nâ

bri, bwi

.

vb

okaziô n .

occasion

O

noise

.

vb

29

obstruct âgwé

nine nèf num .

nod souké

CREOLE

paké

pare rognê parent parâ

. ).

.

vb

.

by

.

.

.

.

; n.

. .

n

plâ n

; .

.

.

.

;

. n.

vb n

péyâ

.

n

;

trâkilité

.

n

;

pé

.

fè

attention

n

på n n

peacock

Pay

phr

.

Peanut butter mâba

n

.

.

n

.

n

n

.

;

n

-

n

ti -

;

n

;

phr grên kolié peasant abitâ nèg mòn cpd pebble ròch galèt cpd roch peculiar spésial adj pedal pédalé Keep pedaling

-

.

n

pèl

.

.

. ;

vb

.

.

.

vb

.

pencil kréyô

n

pen plim

.

.

n

pédalé n

)

.

n

n

. .

Paradise kâpa

n

parade parad

pearl

n

pâtalô

n

papaya papay paper papié parachutist parachitis

n

.

n

. n

;

shorts

(

kâsô

;

.

vb

;

n

-)

(

pêtiré

peak pik peanut pistach

tree palmis n

pants

pea pwa

peace lapè

pêtir

palaver palab pale blêm adj pal adj palm

n

;

)

n

; . (la

.

n

phr

v

vb

toumâ

.

palè

atâsyô

payment pémâ pên

n

palace

n

vb ;

.

n

fè

phr

.

vb

-

a

;

n

klé

pè n

mal paint pêti

. n

.

.

n

fèmê

n

doulè

n

. vb

vb

.

-

pavement karo paw pat pay péyé lajâ

n

;

n

rasâblé

pack saddle makout

pad tâpô padlock kadna pail bokit

n ; .

. vb

.

n

pattern modèl

n

.

pack pakèt

piésé

n

.

patience pasyâs

pause pozé

pair

n

; n;

fèt

n

n

ba

la -

vb

vb .

chémê

ti -

bat

vb .

path

n

ox

pastor pastè

patriot patriòt

oyster zwit

doublé

vb

.

adv

pasture patiraj patch patché

overcome overpower métrizé owe dwé

pain

Pass

passage koulwa paste kolé

Over there

rôle

passably déja dija adv

cpd

bèf

pass pasé

, .

,

ò

r)

dé (

; . â -

prep

vb

)

.

.

phr

exoc

.

. sou -

ovenful foûnê over

party

. n.

;

founo

n

oven fou

adv

phr

prep

plas

n

vb

as

( ò

r()

outside

attribute

phr

n

nou dé

ours

possessive

n

pa

our nou pron

.

;

vb

part pati mòso ròl particular spesial adj

(

park

ought dwé

.

otherwise sinô adv

pak

n

. padônê

n

')

n

.

n

pardon padô otwi

tchònèl

n

parcel

cpd

vb

).

('

other people

sousé trênê

parasol parasòl

.

indef pron

Others

zòt

arété

parasite

n

( pl

adj

lòt

other

paralyze

-

òdinèmâ adv . ordinary òdinè adj . organ òg n (musical instrument ) . ornament ònémâ n . ortolan zotolâ n .

ordinarily

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION vb

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

vb . . n; .

AMERICAN

n

292

ré

vb .

.

n

n

of

;

)

.g .

(e

n

.

'

d

;

n

la n

;

n

lié

;

n

.

)

of

At

n vb . ;

.

;

n

vb . vb .

;

n

;

)

(

n

;

)

(

.

vb

.

;

n

plâ

.

n

n

.

n

);

;

. ;

(

n n

. .

n

n

;

n

; vb .

n

;

-

m

;

cl

.

vb

m

-

.

n

.

vb

Cause

phr

.

n

)

n

;

.

n

.

n

(

.

pull

(

;

)

(

plump grasèt adj

plimé

vb

.

n

pièj

fowl

feathers plume plim

. .)

often

n

lot ,

chari

pluck kalé

.

a

platré

pil adj

plot kôplo tay plow

n

vb .

.

vb

.

pês

n

pichkânê pincers

tool

souplé

grasifikasiô

vb

n

- .

tèt d n

n

oréyé

phr

plézi

pliers pês plight pozisyô

.

-

âpilé

zorié

;

case sidorié phr pimiento pimâ pinch pêsé Pinch

up

.

n

zoréyé

,

;

Pile

plato

. . fè n; cl

.

n

. .

plenty

n

n

oréyé

plat

pleasure plézi pleasure

pil

medical

plézi

fè

n

.

n

tâpri

n

n

;

-

pile kâtité pillow

;

.

')

;

n

pijô

pig pen pak

pillow

n

;

n

;

n

- (' of -e

pig

platô

platter gâmèl play jwé please

ight doublô pousi kochô

piece

pigeon

ékla

valòp

plâté

vb

.

n

plateau piès

adj

òdinè

n

vb

. .

. n.

plate asièt

mòso

fragment

pié

. vb n

chosé

.

bout

bânân

plaster plastè

n

pie pay piece

plantain

tool

vb n

.

n

.

.

n

raboté

n

pòtrè

koté

Armes

.

.

plane rabo

n

;

n

-

picture

lokal

n

trésé

très

;

.

savân

n

. vb

.

n

plain laplên

plant

pickles pikliz

Place

plait

plank plâch

pick pik râmasé pick axe pikwa pickle marinê

the place

plague astikoté

plan

phenomenon fénomèn photograph pòtrè phrase fraz piastre pias

(

;

)

.

n

).

(

.

vb

plas

n

pilô

. -

(é )

cpd

pert frêkâ adj

koté

mét quasi prep

.

kalé

of

Person n

tèt -

.

;

n

little importance persuade pèswadé

n

.

. .

moun

pestle

pip

n

n

adj

person

pester astikoté

pistolè

pity pitié place âdwa

persistent pèsistâ

pest pès

phr

n

.

n

;

pistol

.

pèmisiô

krétyề

pipe kachibo

for tobacco tiyo for tobacco stove pirouette piwèt

.

perfume ( ) pafê perhaps pétèt adv permission

pint démi

.

.

n

n

zânâna

adj

plâ n

l

odè n

fè vb

.

pink

pepper pwav n . Red pepper pimâ perceive apèsi vb . perfect pafè adj; total adj . perform

pineapple

lit .

( in -

n

n

n ( collective ) ; moun dividuals ) .

n

pine

.

pèp

ròz

pêgwê n

people

å

penguin

293

CREOLE

pê

HAITIAN

HALL )

AMERICAN

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

'

pod gous n . point pwê n ; bòk

n

. Cut

pwet n . To

-

a pwê ké

-

n

n

louậj, lwâj kôplimâté vb .

praise

policeman polish foubi vb ; kléré vb ; poli vb . polite ônét adj; poli adj. grâ

chiré

adj

);

,

.

; vb .

vb n

; . , n at ) , ;

prézân -n -

vb

asisté

vb

(

prétân

séré

);

pézé

vb

down

vb

)

clothes

;

.

n

.

n

.

n

.

(

kou

-yé a

the pres

hold

tight

. ;

n

sâblâ

.

price

.

pri

;

pretty bèbèl adj jòlòt adj

.

;

phr

.

vb

) fè

sâblâ

fêt

pretense

n

.

);

pilé

vb

). weight

(

n

liv

(

n

vb

(w

patat

n

;

)

phr Irish (

té n

pôm

eigh

pretend

sweet

pound

vaz

n

vb

. ;

n

;

n

pòt

.

de -

potato

phr

)

(

n

;

postpone kité pou démê pot chodiè mamit chamber pot

kôsèv

(

.

n

.

n

kôfiti president prézidâ press pasé

- n.

têm

.

n

.

n

-

postage stamp post office lapòs

; vb . .

preserves

poto

(

vb .

.

n

n

l--ayé

.

post

;

presently talè adv preserve kôsèvé

posésiô

préparé

At present

possible posib adj

possession

kado

present asistâs

Those

plên

render

.

; ;

vb

.

.

n

pa

paré

ent time kou phr present

vb

.

vb

.

-

vb

nâ

phr

étrên

prézâté

vb

in a

.

present

Be

;

n

;

n

n

;

koté

n

n

prepare drésé

plas pòz Put bad position baré plas Put into position mété

n

dyégi

Make

n

.

( é )

. ri n

premium

humans

preparation préparasiô

position pozisiô

possess posédé

) of

.

vb

.

n

prejudice préjijé

.

pòz

( of

animals pregnant âgrosi

n

pose

.

.

prefer pito pregnant âset

.

popular popilè population popilasiô porch gal

portal pòtal

priè

.

predict prédi

adj

adj

kôvalésât

.

adj adj

poor

In

; .

adj

pòv

;

êfim

health

préché

vb

.

étâ n

;

n

adj

poor maléré

;

n

. .

étâ n

adj

out bouké

basê

preach

precaution prékosiô precious présié adj

.

poohed

pool

n

prayer

cpd

(1 )

pond

kôplimâ

la priè vb . la priè n . Prayer -meeting

pray

-

-

adj

;

n

n.

;

grâ

political politik adj. pompous bâda adj cpd

;

élévasiô n phr .

subord

.

n

pay n . Be in the depths of poverty mâjé - soté vb cpd . powder poud n . Baking powder poud

power pouvwa n . practical pratik adj. practise égzésé vb .

; lapolis jâdam n .

police jâdamri

point

a

vb .

âpwazônê

pole gòl n .

to

Point of land

the point that phr . poison

'

pour vésè vb ; vidé vb ( empty ) . poverty maléré n ; mizè ( V mizér-)

plunge plôjé vb . pocket pòch n .

pwêti n .

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

vb .

294

HAITIAN

HALL )

. gâgâ

,

oùgâ

n

pulpit pump

n

.

n

n

.

.

vb

).

(

;

vb

vb

vb

.

Push

n

vb .

.

on

vb

vb .

to vb .

.

vb

( é )

vb .

Put

.

.

of

.

n

ka n d -è (

;

)

/

4

1

part phr

quick

).

(

vain

.

vb

;

n

,

kèsiónê

.

.

;

.

;

)

-

(

).

lineage

(

n

ras

;

unning

)

kanay

race kous

toutafè adv

.

rabble

adj quasi adv n

pé

·

.

quite nèt

(r

.

kèsiô

adj

quickly vitmâ adv quiet dou adj trâkil adj Keep quiet

vb

.

n

n

késtiô

vit

.

n

question

adj

.

.

.

n

.

.

n

vb

katié

Quarter hour n

.

).

vb

quay bòdmè queen rên

(

n

.

ka n.

lit

n

n

.

n

.

.

n

kôl

; ;

volim

n

.

.

n

.

Push

repeatedly

board âbaké âdòmi

town

.

vb .

.

,

n

coarse

vb

. vb

quart quarter

vb

provision proviziô prowling keep rodayé prudent pridâ adj prune débrâché pruning knife sèpèt -

pré

.

.

n

;

n ; . n

.

;

fiè

adj prétâsié proud prove prouvé

sòm

On purpose

vb

.

n

vb

;

Put

quality kalité quantity kâtité quarrel diskisiô

n

protèktè

.

;

. n . . n

profité

puzzle âbarasé

in

,

protector

n

pustulent matter poustim put mét Put down dépozé

.

plâ n n

lè

-

a

propozé

.

fout

pézé

pousadé

sleep

prosternation pòstènasiô

psalm

pousé

down

property propiété proportion amézi subord

protect protéjé

bi

. .

.

n

vb

( la )

prosèsyô

pronounce pronôsé proof prèv

lidé

pursue pouswiv push

promise âgajmâ promèt prompt phr exoc

propose

; .

.

progrè

vb

adv parés pré adv

professor profèsè profit bénéfis bénéfisié progress

élèv

pupose

proclamation proklamasyô profession métié

program

. ; pôpé

n

.

pri

pupil

n

défilé

procession

chè n pôp

punishment pinisiô

privately apa adv . prize probable probab adj probably probab adv problèm

;

és

prisoner prizô n . private privé adj .

proceed

.

n

(pull to one) ; plotônê vb ; tiré vb ; trênê vb ("drag ') ;

pumpkin jouroumou , jiromô , jòòmô n . puncture (of tire ) pan kaotchou n phr . punish pini vb .

prizô n .

problem

square laplas

pistô n (influence) .

principal prêsipal adj . prison

vb

ralé vb

n.

prêsès

pudding poudî pull atiré

( vaudoun ) . primer silabè n (for reading) . prince prês n . princess

adj. Public

public piblik

pride ògèy n . priest pè n ( Catholic ) ;

n

vb

295

vb

prick piké

CREOLE

a

(

. vb . n

;

.

n

vb

.

;

vb

.

.

vb

.

vb

. vb

.

n

; . .

.

.

n

vb

.

n

vb (

n

).

.

n

.

vb

.

vb

vb

.

chôjé

.

.

vb

.

.

n

. .

.

vb

.

;

vb

repentance répâtâs

vb

.

vb

répété

vb

repeat

.

vb

.

n

;

n

.

vb

).

vb

.

)

at

school

rendezvous râdévou renown rénômé rent lwayé lwé repair dépânê réparé

.

rémaké

vb

;

n

n

;

.

vb

sôjé

,

vb .

. of

(

rès

con

(

vb

,

.

;

.

remember

tèt vb n . n

a

résévwa

recognize rékônèt recommend rékômâdé

rémèd

remind sôjé chôjé remove wété render tôn vb

stolen goods

(

recess rékréasiô

n

;

n

,

receiver soutiré reception hold

)

n

remedy

adv

réèltémâ

rét ( é

remainder réstâ remark obsèvasiô

.

adj

pain

,

;

tout

bô

.

.

vb

.

for

adj

remain

parâ

n

.

n

at ).

vb (

arrive

vwé

vré

,

;

vb

.

;

n

n

cl .

.

; .

n

vb

. vb .

.

n n

relative fâmiy relieve soulajé religion rélijiô

.

, .

li

razor jilèt

.

,

in

rézô

régrété

n

.

)

(

n

)

.

n

(

;

.

rein tên

speed

rejoice réjwi

reanimate rânimê reason

régrèt

n

.

n

regret

reinforcement râfò reject réjété rejection réjété

rivé

receive résévwa

réfizé

regiment réjimâ

refl

regular régilyé adj

ready pwè adj Get ready paré Ready harvesting rèk adj

reality

n

,

;

n

;

n

n

;

n

polisô

rely apouyé

real réèl adj phr

chôjé

).

.

; .

ra

.

refuse fatra

Safety

prè vb

read

;

.

. n

. .

refuge take réfijié

n

n

tèt

razor razwa reach lôjé

litani

refrain

refresh rafréchi

n

varié rave ravine ravin ray réyô

sôjé

sider

malvéyâ rascal dézòd toufa vakabô rat rat price rate pri vitès rattle rara

Reduce

.

reflect réfléchi

rare rarely ramâ adv

ravage ravaj

vb ;

.

refer voyé

adj adj

vit

rapid

rozo

rédwi

n

reed

.

soulvé

;

vb

up

. Raise phr

n

grad

rank

diminié

size dégôflé

n

raisin rézê rake rato rancor râkin

rouj adj

reduce

vb

red

.

.

vb .

n

sèk n

raise élvé

Keep

vb

recount rakôté recreation rékréasiô

jô in n

pli vb n .

(la )

rain

vb

bouchô radiatè n phr .

radio radio n . radish radi n . rag râgnô n ; tòchô rail ray n .

n

graph

)

Radiator

phono

plak note disc noté phr record kêbé nòt

record nòt cap

)

racket gyób n (graft ) . radiator radiatè n.

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (

AMERICAN

296

HAITIAN CREOLE

rider kavalié n . ridge- pole fétay ridicule

right dwèt

.

;

n

. n.

vb

n

;

n .

,

fè

.

.

vb

fè

;

vb

fò

vb

vb

.

.

; n.

)

.

vb

;

)

of

roulé

.

.

.

n

chaplèt

rot pouri

n

;

n

n

;

.

n

.

n

;

n

;

n

. .

n

.

n

.

n

rooster kòk root rasin rope kòd rosary

money

n

(e

.g .

.

n

)

space

(

.

vb

trêg

phr twati Upper part kay roof fétay piès plas châm lasal

tèt

roof

vb

. .

phr

vb .

;

n

staff

of

kôtrolé

vb

);

(p

n

up

röd batô

rôle ròl roll roulo rolling roul

room

.

.

n

.

adj

riches richès rid débarasé

vb n

diri

rich rich

.

rice

ribâ n

ribbon

arade

vb ).

révolté

reward rékôpâsé

rout phr

n

prâ

(

revenge

.

( revolt

vòlè

n

n . Get phr.

parad check

roti

dodinê rocking dodinaj

.

phr review

rob vòlé rock roch

rèvè n (misfortune ) ; fè bak vb

reverse

roast roti robber

révâch vb

about roul roan rouâ adj phr roar rélé roam

n

retail , sell at détayé vb . retreat rétrété vb .

révâch

)

(

.

;

riské

road chimê chémê

réstâ n ( remainder ) ; rès n (re mainder ) ; répo n ( repose ) ; répozé vb . At rest pòpòz adj . restaurant réstorâ n . resting -place répozwa n . result rézilta n .

revenge

( circle ) ; kariyônê

.

kôkirâ

rest

vb

sônê

vb

rival

river lariviè rivet rivet

tônê

phr.

n

n

-

risk

respect réspè n ; réspèkté vb . responsible réspôsab adj.

return toûnê ,

tôn

ring dove râmyé ripe mi adj rèk adj for harvesting rise lévé

n.

rézolisiô

circle

ris

resolution

right oké

n

rézistâs n .

resolute rézoli adj.

n;

zano

. ;

.

n;

)

.

n

vb sèk .

bag

a -ro

songs ) .

singing

; dwat adj. All

n

(

ring

bay démisiô vb phr . Resign oneself rézigné , rézîyê vb rei .

resistance

bétizé vb ; châté

vb

.

resign

vb

n.

;

n

Be right gê rézô vb

n

rézèvé vb

resist rézisté

.

m - cl

sâblé vb

reserve

bétiz

. . . vb phr (by rifle fizi n .

rescue sové vb .

; môté , monté

.

.

n

.

n

promnad

.

.

vb

vb

republic répiblik n . reputation répitasiô n . . request mâdé vb ; démâd n . resemble

n ;

;

phr .

n.

énim

ride plas

vb

riddle

. .

replace râplasé vb . reply répôs n ; répôn vb . report rapò n ; fè you rapo represent réprézâté vb . representation réprézâtasiô reprimand réprimâdé vb .

297

n

HALL ]

.

.

n

.

.

.

vb

n .

;

vb

. .

n

.

n

vb

of

(

;

)

.

. .

vb

vb ;

. vb ;

. .

n n

n

vb .

.

.

n

. .

n

.

vb

n

screw driver tounavis scullery ofis

-

n

. rido

;

- vb .

visé

;

vb

.

owl frizé

vis

n

; .

n

vb

screech

grafoûgnê

,

grafîgnê

.

.

salopri

n

.

.

n

.

(

n

.

n

scratch

screw n

réprimâdé

n

n

.

graté

screen paravâ

n

grôdé

.vb

.

vb

scrape

n

;

n

. -

.

scoundrel brigâ n

.

salt mine salt pit salin salty salé adj -

.

(

.

; .

n

ra )

.

n

. .

n

n

, .

salt sèl

révâdèz

n

saleswoman

pémâ

n

vät

)

la

apwetmâ

(

sale

razor jilèt

.

sail vwal salary

cpd

Safety

n

site

n

safety

sizo

blâmê

scorn méprizé scorpion skòpiô

.

fò

safe kòfré

science siâs scissors scold

vb .

Be

; .

sèl n

sélé

cloth chabrak

-

saddle

school lékòl

;

a

.

.

n

.

n

sacrifice sakrifis sad tris adj sad kagou

kal

adj

scatter gayé

n

-

scarce

n

.g .

).

cpd

for weighing

grêpé

;

vb vb ;

scale balâs fish

adj

sakré

Save for sòf

vb

.

)

di si

. -

,

vb

.

. .

vb

vb

dévalé

chafo

scald chodé

scene sèn sack sak

sové

vb .

vb

; (

vb

scaffold bwazé

Run down

-

siyé

scabbard fouro

hill

running board mach pié rust rouy

saddle

vb

.

. n

. n

n

saw

saber sab

adj

prep

rumple chifônê run kouri Run away

sacred

.

n

.

.

.

save chapé rwiné

; n. n.

vb

up

. .

n

.

vb

n

savage marô adj sovaj savanna savân

say

(e

kassòl

soukoup

saucer

rule règ measuring stick ruler règ rummage fourajé

sové

phr

n

satisfaction satisfaksiô satisfy satisfè Saturday samdi saucepan

adj cpd

-

sand paper papié sablé Satan satâ

n

).

foubi

n

ruin rwin

.

n

Vsabl

sauce sòs

rub froté Rub rubber kaotchou rubbish fatra élvé

-

vb

a

of

.g n ( . (

vb

boat royal rwayal adj

rude mal rug tapi

The same as tâ -kou

-

.

n

); );

râjé

râmé

quar

n

- . ké

( .) ; (

kôt

series

etc n

,

plants

cpd

(e

-

-

;

râ

rel )

row

kêbé

adj.

mêm

prep . sample échâtiyô sand sab

quarrel

rout lagé brid diskisiô

the rounds

phr

n

fè

vb

rôd

round

same

n

sovaj

n

rough brital adj ; grosiè adj ( coarse ) ;

adj. rôd n ; rô adj. Go

(MEMOIRS , 74

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

-)

AMERICAN

298

graté

'

(

vb

);

fix

. .

vb

vb

.

. .

.

vb

.

,

vb

.

n

.

n

.

;

;

vb

vb

.

n

a

vb

.

n

.

-

vb

.

.

. .

vb

.

vb

li -

. .

.

n

n

.

.

n

. n

;

)

(

n

)

;

.

.

(

vb n

pod

.

. vb . n

n

.

n

,

.

vb

).

(

amazement

. cl .

vb

.

n

;

magazê

n

tiré

m

!

; . cl

;

vb

chou

.

n

; .

n

,

of

n

.

short kout adj phr short cut chimê koupé shorts pair kalsô kâsô kilòt

, -

.

sèvi

vb

;

)

(e

.g n. .

n vb

. .

n

.

vb

set mét

food

pous

n

-

m

shoo

shop boutik

sèvis

pron

mêm

n

sézismâ

shoe soulié !

sérièzmâ adv

shock

ch

.

)

èz

f -

adj .

;

pt

.

sériè

servant domèstik serve drésé

chimiz

n

.

n

shiver frémi (o

; .

ship batimâ shirt chémiz

shoot fiziyé

service

m

!

.

sèpâ

n

n

-

.

vb

.

n

out

seashell

bèjé

shine briyé

.

serpent

shepherd

Separate

n

adj

gravmâ adv

( é )

i

seriously

koki

shell

).

sergeant sèjâ gralé

étajè

shelf

(1 )

n

-

con

(

vb );

sâs

vb

séptâm

grav

; n

fè

li

sheaf makòn

kalé

sentiment sâtimâ separate séparé

serious

She herself

.

vb

. (

;

kôdané

)

udgment

September

pron

sheet dra

utterance

n

fraz

triyé

n

.

.

n

.

n

sâsib adj

shame ala

phr

she devil ladyablès

sensible

sékwé

cpd

sheep mouto

sense sâs

(j

. .

adj

vb

senile gaga

she

retail détayé Send away râvoyé

.

vb .

.

send voyé

pa

vb

vb

.

vb

Sell

at .

;

n

kò

kadav

What

cl

.

n

.

shave labab shawl chal

demn rimadé

(

.)

.

)

,

;

vb

;

sézi

have fout

souké

patajé

shark rékê sharpen filé

ramâ adv

sentence

up

. .

n

;

n

. .

n

.

n

; vb ;

phr

. prâ

fòm

share

n

vb

vb ,

sên

.

seine

n

sâblé

gê

seem

shape

chaché chèché lè

bouské

;

seek

plâ

vb

Cor sóf .

grên

sell vân

lôbraj

shake ajité shame rôt régrèt

seed

seldom

(of

.

. -

vb a

kachèt exoc phr

seize kêbé

kouti

soustrè

rékoud

sexual intercourse shadow

secretly

seams

Sew

again

shade lôbraj

sékrétè

self

sewing

adj

secretary see wè

n

chèy

chèz

n

secret sekrè

al

(

plas

Sew

year

adj

koud

phr

time

dézyèm

second

vb

.

. vb

sew

chèché

of

,

bò

;

seat

several plizié adj severe sévè

n

.

Sew

làmè n

séző bâ n

season

regu

seven sèt num

search caché seashore

réglé

late

seams soustrè seamstress koutirièz n

kouti

seam

299

râjé

settle

.

nétyé

vb .

sea lâmè

CREOLE

vb

-

off

scurry

cpd

n

gad mâtèg

scullion

.

5-

HAITIAN

HALL )

n

kou

,14 :28

,

vb

.

n

és

. n

.

. ;

to

.

n

vb . vb

.

.

n

.

n

vb

. ) .

(

n

;

n

.

.

;

.

n

snuff box tabatyè

);

.

n

.

.

vb . vb

. n

lanèj

.

.

n

.

vb

.

n

vb

;

n

sèpâ

. vb .

up

snore rôflé

vb

.

défripé

;

koulèv pèlê

).

-

vb vb .

)

Smooth

n

snake snare

snow

.

fri

'fry

'

( .

n

vb

; .

(

in

olished

tâga

n

's

.

. .

vb

. ;

vb

-

n

adj

vb

.

vb

(p

.

n

;

sâti

lafimê not rough

smooth égal

.

vb

pwésô

Smile wryly grignê

smoke fimê

.

.

. tay

lips

one

looking

good

.

). of

of

odè

rapé snatch snooze kabicha

,

vb )

;

(

vb

vb vb .

. .

;

; .

lâ

n

)

(t

( as

(

;

.

n

smell

.

vb n

sè

adj

défôsé

smile souri

-

n

n

. ;

kâga

parti

smash

fônê

n

grosè

kòché

Small

smoothing défripmâ smother toufé

refl

n

; .

n

sobré

adj

;

po n fê

skin

skirt jip sky lésièl

vb

;

n

skid patinê

skilled

partitive

adj

. vb .

size grâdè

head

n

);

vb

mouché

situation sitiasiô six sis num

head sêp

koulé

;

,

sié

(i )

m

sir

sit

sésé

vb

.

. ( as

.

)

;

grên

down mété

vérèt

smart bèbèl

tive phrase

sister

Smack

cpd

smallpox

vb

n

phrase sink fôsé

emporal

causal

subord

adj

sing châté single piès

n

.

n

.

n

.

. ,

iské

sêsè

fall

sapat

small piti adj prep

adv

-

p

(w )

sincere

vb

.

n

.

.

n

kwipé

adj

sêp

dépi

plaké

smack

similar parèy adj simple

tôbé

adj mizadò adj slowly dousmâ adv lâtémâ adv slow

n

;

silverware lajâtri

since

n

;

.

n

.

n

-

;

n

slope pât

foula

n

silver lajâ

slip glisé

slipper pâtouf

n

silence silâs silk swa

.

.

;

;

;

flâ n

bò n

saybòd

slimming dégrèsmâ slingshot fistibal

cpd mach pié signal sign signal sidewalk

dégrésé

slim

vb

adj

êfim

koté

word

âdòmi

vb

.

sickly ábrizi adj sideboard

( 1 )

-

pé

)

be

up

(

.

adj

pèrèz

dégrésé

slice trâch

baby

sleep

slide glisé slight piti adj méprizé

phr

vb

.

quiet

dodo

Put

dégrèsmâ

slenderization slenderize

Shut

bouch

sigwé

of

.

n

phr

.

;

n

.

n

Shower

.

vb

pé

;

vb

sleep dòmi

vb

shudder frémi

side

(

. )

(-

shower bath douch rain farinaj lapli

shy

sledge hammer mas

n

és

pozisiô

shut fèmê

klav

lésklavaj

.

vb

môtré

slavery

coarse

n

fout

vb

fouré

shovel pèl show

slave

; .

;

shove

).

vb vb

( in rèl ) n

rélé

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

slap souflèt

n.

shoulder zépòl shout

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

n

AMERICAN

300

out

poli

adj

déchi

.

. vb .

.

n

vb

;

. n.

vb

(

);

(

).

vb

.

vb

(

);

.

n

.

;

.

In

of

.

.

vb

;

vb

.

n

.

n

.

vb

(

; ;

)

n

vb

).

;

(

vb

.

vb

. vb

.

,

,

Public square

n

n

.

n

.

.

. .

vb vb

.

n

).

;

in

(

theater

.

.

step

)

individual

(

stair mach

n

stain tach

makak

n

stage

sèn n n

.

vb

;

phr simê

.

(I )

ékiri

n

).

(

n

);

.

stable staff batô n

for

.

adj

squarely karémâ adv squat kroupi squeeze séré

. .

n

n

n

n

.

sous

n

. số n

;

spirit

. n

répân

metal

);

n

;

vb .

.

(

n

nâm

.

.

pouri

n

résò

spur zéprô

n

,

és

sow mâmâ kochô pas space n

spring

square karé laplas

n

si

régrèt

adj

spade pèl

(

vb

mal

n

fè

.

n

sore

water soté sprinkle royzé

person

sound bri bwi soup soup

( w ) n

.

n

Be

n

n

soul krétyê

iyè

k

;

n

;

n

;

n

.

;

n

régrété

sort kalité

spoon

spot tach stain laji spread gayé

n

sorry

be

pistach

chagrê

,

wâgatè

.

vb

sorghum

south sid

. ).

.

n

.

;

.

fis n

sponge épôj majinatè

phr

sorrow

turn

vb

vb

n

. bo -

cpd

malêg

n

sore blési

viré

vb

);

.

. .

n

.

n

A

split fân spoil bimê gaté spoliation ravaj

phr

sorcery dômpèd

sour

vb vb

some

spite râkin spite magré prep splendid magnifik adj mèvèyé adj

kèk

.

in -

zòbòp

name

indef

.

(

Gallicism

talè ady

sorcerer bòkò

éplé

thread around spinach zépina spit kraché

law

soon

filé

spin

someone else otwi indef pron something kichoy little thing krazé son

spend dépâsé

spill vidé

adj

son pitit gasô

speed tout kous

write letters

(

)

;

èz

f -

; vb

prep

magic

.

or

.

.

(

solanèl

.

réglé

At full

.

vb

;

vb

n

àdj

adj

solid

dé -

solve some

.

n

(é )s

.

)

of

linèt

speech diskou speed vitès

. adj

n

)

.

.

spectacles

spell wäga

adj

fèm

phr

phr

soil kroté sal soldier solda opt solemn sérié solid

palé

species ras

.

soften moli

.

té

-( tâ

. n

(

n

clothing

vb .

adj

soft mou

si

vb

. article

réchaj

pésial adj

special

n

sosiété

sock chosèt

Spanish pâgnòl adj spare tire kaotchou spark tizô speak lòmê

n

soaking latrâp society

; si -

So

tèlmâ adv cpd

soak trâpé soap savô

mâ ady

.

cpd

much

si -

; .

adv

tèl

phr ; si adv ; adv

kô - sa exoc

so

301

CREOLE

dé -

HAITIAN

HALL )

AMERICAN

.

stallion étalô n ; poulê n . stammer bégé vb . stamp têm n (postage -stamp ); grâsé (with feet) ; pilé vb .

.

adj.

strainer paswa n . strange étrâj adj . stranger étrâjé n . strangle trâglé

n.

vb

vb

. .

n

.

;

vb

.

.

; . vb

n

ri

. . vb

;

n

n

.

adj

.

vb

pèsistâ

;

kôba

lit

.

;

;

.

. .

vb

.

adj

adj

.

.

n

;

n

sòt

fou

vb vb .

.

Such

.

parèy

adj

.

.

.

sousé

adj

n

tèl

suck

bouché

.

success siksè such

vb

n

;

(

up

vb

;

)

;

bus

éstopé

a

. vb

stasiô

baré

;

;

adj

person

sò n

bobas

.

n

.

n

.

vb .

stupidity bétiz style lign subject koré succeed réisi

Stop

)

adj

Stupid

n

Stomach

; .

n

.

.

n

vât

arété

rét (

stupid

adj

é

;

)

;

vb

cessation

(

n

sès

boulvari lité

vb n .

vb

; vb

in

.

n

; .

vb ) n

Provide with

n

n

;

stone piè roch stool tabouré stop

fòs n n n

on

). n

;

n

.

n V

(

léstomak

pains trâché

stop

adj

vayâ

stultified bèbè stumble bité stump chouk

bat stockings baté

stomach

débat

stuff bouré

.

stòk

ba n

stock

stocking

adj

stubborn ôtété adj study étidié

adj

vb

stirrup zétriyé

.

.

. .

n

( of

n

ròd

fouré

kolé

.

. . ; ').

(

makak

still âkò adv stir brasé

vb

vb

. .

;

.

n

; . .

struggle gòl

Stick

adj

stroke kou

strong

ʻpaste rèd

Step

vb

n

stick batô stiff

strip rétiré

stairs

n

ragou

stew

kouraj Stretch out détiré

adj

égza

strike frapé string fisèl

.

;

pilé

:

mach

lôjé

étân

strict

â - -

pa n

step

riviè

stretch

vòlò

n

(

n

.

.

vb

).

(

.

street

pik exoc phr steering wheel volâ steep

pay

stream

fé n

steel

idol

vb

n

dié

- ).

bô

vapè

strap maré

strength

vb

vòlé

bus

adj

(é )

steady fèm steam

stasiô

straw

défôsé

stay rét steal

ailway

vb

stave

in

statue

déklaré

(r

station stop

;

;

state ( 1)

)

ga éta n n

start kômâsé , koûmâsé vb ; tâmê vb .

vb

star zétwal

;

n

vb

n

story istwa n ; kôt n . stove fou n . straight dwat adj.

. ; . vb .

stand up kâpé standing débou

vb .

store baza n ; boutik n ; magazê gadé vb ; kôsèvé vb . storehouse galata n . storm loraj n ; siklòn n .

( la ti ) -

vb

; bouché

;

stale rasazié vb

n

vb

rasazié

stopper bouchô

fò

stale

(1) éskalié n . adj (participle ). Grow

stars

(MEMOIRS , 74

ASSOCIATION

bèt

,

staircase

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

vb

302

sòt

HAITIAN

HALL )

sudden

rouf-

.

suddenly sibitmâ adv . suffer soufri vb . suffering soufrâs n .

.

.

;

n

;

.

.

.

).

.

n

.

vb

.

vb

.

phr

.

téléfônê

vb

n

; .

n

.

vb

.

gouyé

telegraph télégraf telephone téléfòn

;

)

(

n

tap

. ;

)

.

)

of

.

vb

jé n

.

)-

(

tété

n

-

.

,

n

n

.

n

;

(p

.

taza

n

teat

up vb . . vb

').

vb

(

vb vb ;

of

vb . ),

n

(a

.

.

n

patat

fish

té n .

( a )

.

;

vb

vb

vb .

sémâ

Sweet potato

.

gôflé

.

adj

taks

Tear off raché

giyônê

tease teem

vb

up

sweet dous

swell

tears

vb

sweep balé

âsêgnê dlo

.

n

sèmâ

sweat sié

blow

n

.

teach

nâ vb

vb

;

)

valé

kind

tear chiré phr

adj

ast participle

n

.

vb

.

.

. .

vb

n

bird

. vb .

swear

fè

swarm

gouyé

séré

tazard tea

(

n

irôdèl swamp lagò

swallow

dôté

gouté

adj adj

tax kôtribisiô taxi lalign

n

;

vb

.

;

n

( n r , )

suspend sispân suspender brétèl

vb

;

taut

adj

: vb .

vb

surround âtôuré virônê surroundings alātou sispèk

talker lâg alèlè paladò

faucet

;

gou

.

vb

vb

.

n

gou

merrily

Talk

n

.

.

taste

Take

cpd

tapestry tapisri

sipri

wété

vb

.

(

;

;

vb

.

;

-

adj

dou

Take

démôté

vb .

vb

tame

tasty

suspect

adj

tall grâ tay

tap robiné frapé

n

surface sifas surpass pasé surprise sipriz

lodyâsè

.

.

adj

; si

sure sètê adj surety sité

cpd

tank

.

si

quasi subord

phr

n vb . ( '

vb

sipozé

pozé

founi soutni Supposing that vb

lo

n

n

sipòté

palé

person

talkative

-

suppose

; ;

supply kâtité support sipò

kozé

bay plèz

tâk n

vb . . n ; n. .

vb n

,

n

talk

okipé

;

.

n

.

Take care again réprâ

supplicate siplié supplication siplié

n

.

n

,

.

superman bòròm supper soupé

ʻlead

down

take

Take away rétiré

adj

sipèb

mênê

;

.

n

n

Sunday dimâch

sèvièt

. n.

,

take prâ apart

nap

n

n

).

été

vb n .

.

;

)

(

n

(

.

tyé

tailor tayè

sun solèy superb

tafya

taffia

tail

.

summer

tab

tablecloth kouvè

n

sòm

.

n

n.

sistèm

table

n

,

;

nâsi

ti -

suit sum

)

(

clothes

.

vb

Crushed

bagasse bagas

kôplé clothes prosé lawsuit New

n

kostim

system

n

suit

cane

.

vb

sword népé n . sympathy sêpati syrup siro n . n

.

n

sik

sufficient sifi adj . sugar Sugar cane kan sugar

najé

swim

swing balâsé

ké

rouf adv cpd

n

of a

sibit adj . All

sudden

303

CREOLE

.

)

èz

.

;

.

vb

n

;

n

);

n

vb

.

n

;

;

vb

.

;

;

of

,

.

.

n

sum

.

n

vb

. .

.

fit

(

.

n

;

n

. ).

insect

(

n

.

-

sa

kô

. . .

n

n

vb

.

n

.

maré

phr timid pèrèz adj

.

exoc

n

lè

time

-

time

a

;

)

kou

From

On

.

.

time pafwa adv

n

lò

;

(

occasion

n

);

n

occasion

adj

.

séré

;

;

tight étwat adj time fwa

lè n

tiger

tig

,

cl . );

-

m

tònè

exoc phr

.

.

n

lòray

n

n

;

.

n

.

.

Throw

in

.

n

vb

;

skouté

a

vb vb ;

n

;

n

vb

; vb ;

)

phr

gòj

ticket biyé tide maré tidy pròp adj

tâ

im

(

)

not

mpersonal

tick chik

to

. .

.

)

(

is

.

n

thick épé adj thickness épésè thief vòlè

- - .)

, vb

gê

are

(

is

-

(i

vb

)

;

y a

il

);

,

,

=

=

is (

.

vb , Fr . (i

-

la

Fr .

. . .

there

thus

(

Over there

tie

cl .

-

m

!

la

-

; cl .

Thursday jédi

adv cpd

no

yo

they

fil

,

,

;

-

;

ebê

.

coord

are none nyapad dizôdi adv pron

there

voyé

ak -

.

yo n

).

( . as

n

épi

adv

nâpwê

therefore

thumb pous thunder loraj

gagân

jété

kriz

tôbé

There are etc mpersonal demonstra tive voici voilà personal non demonstrative mê

Amount

.

;

.

yo

pa

,

alò

fésé

football

phr

adv vwala

ba

there

throw possessive attribute

pron

m

êbê

num

trésayé

throat djòl gyòl

pron

atò yo

then

ménasé

three twa

vb

.

.

cl

-

)

sila indef

threaten

( z )

vb

;

m

Gallicism

(

-

.

-

a

ké to

n

;

di

vb

).

thrill

them

vb .

thousand mil num 1000 milié n

,

-

intro

pron

theirs

f -

(o

. );

.

.

.

n

quasi prep

that

theater téat

nèt adj pafè adj

n

vb

. as

(

pâsé

thread threat ménas

their

pâsé

. .

.

n

;

n

thought

ducing exoc phr phr rémèsié thank mèsi grémési thanks mèsi Thanks gras prep phr subord

adj

thorough âtié

éséyé

vb

pasé

indef

pikâ

thorn

testament téstâmâ than

chôjé

. .

this

terrible térib adj test éprèv

n

;

. .

)

n

phr

.

n

termite poul bwa terrace téras

small

thirty trật num

school

in

dou

trimès

chốz

third twazyèm adj thirteen trèz num

adj

tân

adj; (

tender

dé )

;

(

,

sôjé

tend okipé vb . term

bagay

kichoy Gallicism thing indef kôprân think kwè

.

adj

mês

(

n.

affair

(

thing

n. ; tâpérati n

.

tâté vb

adj

mégr

n

tempt

ten dis num

adj

Become thin mégri

temperament tâpéramâ temperature chalè temple tập n .

mèg

thin

-)

phr.

vb

pt

vb sa

vb

Tell stories tiré kôt temper bout n .

thievish visié thimble

v

vb

.

beads

(count , e. g. (recount , relate ) .

grêgnê

) ; rakôté

74

n

;

vb

afè n

di

(MEMOIRS ,

ASSOCIATION

sa

tell

ANTHROPOLOGICAL

(

AMERICAN

304

vb vb

;

swiv

(“

')

”

)

;

. exercise

('

;

n n

;

égiesẻ

. ).

. (

sorcerer

vb

n

n

.

.

vb

trample grajé tranquil trâkil adj tranquillity trâkilité

vb

;

vb

.

n

.

n

n

;

.

,

.

n

.

n

;

médikamâ

)

;

phr

.

. .

n

n

.

vb

.

-

n

.

(

pié n

.

n

. .

pié bwa

tree trunk trô tremble trâblé trembling irâblémâ

n

.

n

tréto n

pé

;

trô

vb

;

n

trik

.

;

tou n

paté

an

;

n

to

)

(

n

(

n

. .

n

;

n

;

n

;

n

;

n

;

;

n

vb

vb .

.

n

.

n

.

n

In

.

). .

(

;

Take the trouble

trousers pâtalô trowel tiwèl

.

Town hall lakomin

âgajé

phr

pasé pay

fouti trough gâmèl

. .

n

pay

trouble âgajé Suffer trouble

prep

.

bò về

;

-

)

;

sas

- ( ma

koté

troub

participle

troublé

n

.

n

( la )

vil

prep phr

n

;

prep phr

towel sèvièt

quasi prep

n

bò

towards

âgajmâ

rèvès vb

vb

.

adj

n

.

pozisiô

.

di

,

touch mâgnê mâyê adj tough

trouble traka

adj

vb

(t )

adj

total total

tôbé

.

.

n

troop bán tou

; n. .

torture mati

ponent tripe trip

n

torment toumâ tortoise toti

op

bring down vwayaj travel

vb

exoc phr

krochèt

);

lè

trip

-

top

â

On

).

plaything

. (

n

.

n

trimester trimès

.

.

n

tool zouti

n

.

vb

trick

;

( p )

.

adv

n

trò

Too much

.

coord

n

.

phr

.

n

trestle

tribe ras tribunal tribinal riz

-

, - n. a

trètmâ

n

.

tree

n

,

cat makou

tomorrow démê tongue lâg tonight aswè

trété

medicament

n

sitirè

treat fet treatment

;

to

.

n

toilet

the

n

.

Go

vb

n

;

.

vb

go

;

adv tout âsâm adv together kôbiné

tolerant person tomato tomat tomb tốt tôm

too tou adv

. vb .

vb

.

;

vb

trasplâté

prâ trap pièj travel voyajé vwayajé plato tray bak kabaré n

.

n

tèt

phr

vb

okabiné

dò

boukâté

educate

treasure trézò

twalèt

toy jwèt

n

.

vb

.

)

)

(

.

zòtèy

vb

toil trimê

town

; ti- chémê

n

tranformer bòkò translate tradwi transplant réplâté transport broté

.

Put

,

âsâm

phr

.

health

n

.

n

Big toe

together

tooth top topi

trề

|

.

complement

n

tobacco tabak

today jodi

drink

vb

toast résévwa

tom

élvé

.

;

vb

. (

( )y

as

vb

ba

;

another verb

toe zòtèy

trade métié train

on vb

)

. of

;

.

-

dé

n

rasazié

.

prep

of

-

a

adj

blé

n

tit

Get tired to

tire kaotchou

phr adj fatigé adj

tired bouké

toilet

Spare

n

tire kaotchou réchaj

title

.

gift

('

kado

305

trace , track tras phr tras

.

n n

tip

tin fèblâ

CREOLE

.

HAITIAN

HALL )

,

74

(

.

,

ba

-

.

vb .

.

n

;

. .

.

.

n

(

ké - -

.

. .

vb

.

vb

vb

vb

.

;

tâ

-

)

(

,

lè

-

;

. .

)

.

vb

. .

rèd

phr Up

lè

â

ro

-

high

ônèt

exoc

-

up

.

(

).

(

)

;

.

uproar éskâdal uproarious éskâdalé

)

.

f èz )

.

boul

vb

dérâjé

adj

phr

.

(e

(

opt

motionally vb

vb ;

use âplwayé

sèvi avèk

useless

itil adj

initil adj

.

useful

.

usual òdinè adj

.

.

vb

.

. . .

.

n

vb .

.

n

unbutton déboutônê uncle nôk tôtô uncrumple défripé

;

.

vb .

vb

pisé

;

urinate pipi us nou pron

vb

.

.

upset êdis pozé adj vb

.

vb

Twist back

,

vb

.

n

. ; .

vb n

. .

n

.

umbrella parapli

;

exoc

doubout adj standing adj honorable

vèsé

adj

n

- vb ; ké .

quasi prep

urge êsilté lèd

Gallicism

jouk

exoc

â

n

.

n

tòdié

num

udder mâmèl ugly

vb

. vb

phr

subord jouk

upright

.

vê

prep

-

vb

.

.

n

-

dé (2 )

jouk

dégyolé

phr

around rêbaré two

untie démaré until jiska

unwrinkle dégriji unyielding adj

twelve douz num twenty num twin marasa

n

.

Turn

vb

rétrousé

turnip navé turtle dove touirèl

twist kòdé

.

vb

.

vb

wrongly déviré

turn

,

aside

up .

Turn

-

.

vb

. . vb

varé

over chaviré

twig boujô

Gal

phr

adj

untamed marô

(s )

vb

,

;

off ,

truculently Turn

Keep tônê Turn around

(

.

n

.

toûnê turning tounayé

turn

unload débaké unripe ròròt adj

unstick dékolé unstopper débouché

n

vb

turmoil boulvari viré

cpd

subord

sinô subord

unroll déployé unsaddle désélé

n

tune mizik turkey kodên turn

Zini

.

dégrê

-

Tumble down

. .

golé

);

-

a

.

n

vb .

.

tôbé

vb

tumble

vb

,

ini

.

(

grên

unite United States Éta unless mwês licism

n

tuft touf

â

.

;

vb

.

trô n

;

n

f . èz vb )

.

n

,

tube inner châm Tuesday madi

unfortunate maléré adj unhappy maléré adj unit

check

).

verify

vérifié

;

(@ )

séyé

dézabiyé

adj cpd

unfair mal ônèt

unhook dékroké

adj

opt

vb

sérié

(

trustworthy try

)

on

phr

vb

nâ

-

kofias

n

;

.

n

(

Trunk rack auto kòf dèyè phr Tree trunk trust kôfiâs lafwa kôfié mété

âgajmâ

désâdoyé

undress

-

)

.

small

(

;

malèt

n

n

;

mal

n

.

-

trunk kòf

undertaking

n

trundle bed kad

vb

.

.

adj phr

vb n

;

bô

adj tout

véritab

MEMOIRS

under neath exoc phr prep phr undershirt chémizèt undershirt kôprân

(

. adj

vwé

;

vré

,

true

n

truck kamiô

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

)

306

AMERICAN

vote va

-ni -vât

n cpd .

initil adj ( useless ) ;

prétâsié

adj

-grémési

pou

vain

In

exoc phr . value ( la ) valè n . valve vav n .

.

vb

.

)

vb

.

.

.

n

.

n

vb

;

.

);

vb

-

(

;

vb

n

.

;

.

.

n

.

n

n n

,

)

;

)

(

n

. ).

(

.

.

.

.

.

vb n .

week sémên weigh pézé

.

séklé

vb

n

;

.

.

vb n

.

n

;

phr rapé

weeding knife jâbèt -

phr

.

;

.

vb

.

n

vb n

.

rân vizit

nòs

trésé

n

;

vb

(

tisé

)

.

tâ n

.

;

.

.

n

;

n

n

.

adj

weed mové zèb

n

vomiting vomismâ

kagou

vb

.

n

n

violâ

weave

vizité

adj Be weak .

n

weak

wealth richès weather wedding party

violet violèt adj violin vyélô violinist violônè

;

.

(

n

jâ

.

n

vb

. .

n

Wednesday mèkrédi

violent brital adj

n

-

n

.

.

means

we nou pron

lân

,

vinegar vinèg

voice vwa

. n

y o n

)

).

wattle daub masô

vb .

vi n ;

wè

village bouk villain séléra vine climbing

visit vizit

mire

sivéyé

phr wave lâm lâmè wax lasi way manner chémê chimé moyê road rout road

vis n

victory viktwa vie plédé view

Watch over gadé water rouzé water cress krésô

dl (

.

n

;

vb

n

trè adv

boat

(

;

sâmâmâ adv

.

very biê adv

vessel batimâ vice

n

n

.

n

Venetian blind jalouzi

vex âbété

.

's

.

gaspiyé waste gaspiyaj watch một time piece

n

vein bên

wash lavé wasp gép

légim

. n.

veil vwal

n

( . h )

,

n

( h )

n

. .

vo n

veal vegetable

avèti

warning prigad

washerwoman lésivyè

n

oûfò

warn

.

Vau

.

roûgâ

assistant ôsi Vaudoun temple precincts

adj

cho

warmth chalè vb

oûgâ

priest

Want

.

to

priest

, -

Vaudoun n

.

. n

;

gâgâ

doun oûsi

.

;

.

warm

vodoủ

lâvi

lagè

war

n

vaudoun

.

vb

n.

n

.

(

n

vb

varié

révéyé

mi n ; pano n (of house ) . bézwê n , vb (need ) ; (w Not want vépa Wish

wall

various divès adj plizié adj vase bồn

vb ;

want

vanity

vary

n ; lévé

véyé

.

n

maché vb ; promnad

walk

prétâsiô n . vapor vapè

n.

waist -piece kâga , tâga wait blayi vb ; tân vb . wake

n.

vanilla vani

wages pémâ

vb

(proud ).

n.

)

.

fèb

vain

; vòt

voté vb

voyage vwayaj n .

vb

;

n

vb .

vakabô

vlé

,

vagabô

; (

vagabond

307

.

n.

vacation vakâs

CREOLE

vb

HAITIAN

HALL )

.

oto n

. vb .

.

.

vb

.

;

vb

;

; .

fè n

.

n

.

.

( k )

,

; n.

-sâ dâ

;

vb

; .

n

,

.

; .

.

és

n

vb

.

n

.

. ; .

travayé vb

Work

Work phr

.

bouriké

.

.

vb .

;

.

;

rwiné

vb

;

gaté

ship

vb

)

;

vb

( of

n

wrench klé

.

nofraj

n

con

(

vêk

vb

);

attain

.

;

n

cloak

wreck détwi

)

wrap mâto

blésé

(

volôté

n

.

adj

n

;

);

)

testament

sovaj

vb

.

.

n

.

vb

piké

;

wound blési

n

.

lêkiétid

n

phr

worship kilt adoré worth valè Be worth worthy ônèt adj

vo

n

.

worry chajmâ

vb . ;

tèt

.

.

worm

vè n

.

n

.

n

.

. .

. .

a

donkey

vb vb

n

,

travay

like

vb n

;

paròl

n

mo

adj

workman ouvrié world lémôn

vb

)

).

quer

n

. .

n

;

adj

.

(

(gê

gnê

phr

adj

pâté

together maché âsâm

volition

win

lên

vb

.

n

ki

-

ès

(t )

tou -

blâ n

); .

vb

.

n

bla

.

'

; , ; ki vb -l .

)

( sa )

ki

work

phr

n

vb ). n ( ( (

testamâ

wool woozy gaga WO word

exoc phr

wild marô adj untamed

will

-

n

.

siflé

n

vèv

wife madâm

.

.

n

.

vb

(

n

instrument

adv

sèvi témwê

nègès négès

woman fâm wonderstruck wood bwa

phr

prep

prep

kôstaté

.

-

;

n

-

widow

avè

adv cpd

witness témwê

wicked méchâ adj wide laj adj

laji

ak

.

.'

;

.

n

ès

ki -l -

‘

ki (

whole âtié adj why pou

vlé

prep

-

with within

cpd

interr rel pron moun pron cpd interr

widen

witch divinò la

).

);

( -

kote

without

pron

white blâch adj White person pobâ cpd White trash whiten blayi who

wish pito

wit léspri

sizoka subord

while pâdâ subord whinny râni whip fwèt rigwèz whisper palé dousmâ whistle siflèt

vb gê

fil

uasi

)

-

si

whether subord whetstone mèl which

winter livè wipe siyé souyé

,

ki

sa n

(q

;

lè n

.

n

rel

n

(

, lò n

;

)

koté

adv

quasi subord phr interr

quasi subord

(

n

ki

where

divê

phr

phr wire adj saj adj savé adj Be êtélijâ wise léspri phr wise

. ).

(

subord

glas

n

. ;

, .

n

ki

phr

n

boulèt

interr

kâ

when

etc

fénèt

wing zèl

(a watch ,

vb

n

.

n

;

.

n

wind

interr rou

clock window

windshield

whale labalên what interr rel pron

wheelbarrow

n ; môté , moûté

vâ

. . .)

.

werewolf lougarou west lwès wet imid adj mouyé adj

wheel

wind

74

n

-

cpd

-

gadé

.

m

êbê

vb cl

,

;

biê

(for

sous n

n

,

(for water ); ; water ) adv ebê well informed maché

well pwi

(MEMOIRS ,

ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

Be

AMERICAN

308

HAITIAN

HALL ]

adv ; âkò adv ( still ) ; poutâ ( nevertheless ) ; sépâdâ adv ( however ) . Not yet pòkò adv .

yet mêm

.

adv

jâ

at .

possessive

n

jên

.

as

.

.

n

.

cl .

-

m

éti ?

-

cl ;

.

phr .

. . .

n

jènès

vb

m

zero zéro

zombie zôbi

used

(

pron

n

n

.

)

your

adj Young man Young woman démwazèl

phr

n

young n

)

yield dônê vb ( fruit ) ; rapoté vb ( e .g . fruit ) ; rân vb (give up ) . yonder la - ba adv cpd . von you ( n ) ou pron .

tribute yours youth jénès

n

sifé

.

yesterday

rélé

cl ;

yes

ané

yè n

yell rèl

inches

vb

bayé â wi n m n - ; ;

yawn year

lôn

-

(

,

Haitian measure

yardboy jérâ

;

space

open

45

n

lakou

(

yard

's .

plura

.

yâm

n

yam

gê tò vb

ou

.

Be wrong

jên

n.

pa ou . ( n , ) ).

wrist write ékri vb . wrong mal n ; tò phr

n

vb

pognèt n .

(n )

griji

wrinkle

309

CREOLE

PB

- 56071

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