Executive Series (The Governors' Letter-Books 1840-1853) [II]

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^io COLLECTIONS OF THE n.UNGIS STAT E IHSTQaIC AL " VOL U E V I ?vi

UL1!.Ai.

^

r

EXECUTIVE SERIES, VOLUME

II

GOVERNORS' LETT ER-B OOKS 1840-1853

EoiTEn WITH Introduction and ?Ioies BY

EVARTS BOUTELL GREENE^ CHARLES MANFRED THOMPSON UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

^

/,

f'

PurSl.iSHlfD bV

THE T'iUSTEES OF THE

ILLINOIS STAT'E KISTX)R1CAL LIBRARY SPRING Fil.LD. LLINOIS I

1911

:

}C

37 T.

L9

191.71'?8

COLLECTIONS OF THE

ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL

LIBRARY VOLUME vn

K

1$

ILLINOIS

STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY

BOARD OF TRUSTEES EvARTS BouTELL Greene,

President

McKendree Hypes Chamberlin,* Otto Leopold

Jessie

Vice-President

Scbimidt, Secretary

Palmer Weber,

Librarian

ADVISORY COMMISSION Evarts Boutell Greene jAiiES

Alton James

Andrew Cunningham McLaughlin WiLTJAM Augustus Meese Edward Carleton Page Charles Henry Ra]\imelkamp Clarence Walworth Alvord Special Editor of Publications

Resigned, July, 1910

97

U IS

EXECUTIVE SERIES VOLUME

11

GOVEPvNORS' LETTER-BOOKS 1840-1853

I«

r;

THOiSIAS CARLIX, Fron:

cil

GOVERNOR OF

ILLiXC>TS 1838-1842

painting in Capilo:, SpyingfJeld

Copyright,

igii

BY

The

Illinois State Historical Library

Composed and

Printy

Tlie University of Chicago Press

Cbicafro. Illinois, U.S.A.

PREFACE The preceding volume Sta.te HistoricpJ

letters

of this Executive Series (Illinois

Library, Colleciions, IV.), was

taken from. Volumes

series of

II.

and

III. of the

"Governors' Letter-Books" in the

made up

of

manusciupt

office of

the Sec-

retary of State, closing with the correspondence of Governor

John Reynolds in 1834. The present volume is similarly made up of the letters in Volumes IV., V., and VI. of the same manuscript series. Of these manuscript volumes,

Volume IV. contains

Governor Thomas Caiiin

letters of

Thomas Ford Volume V. includes

(February, 1840-March, 1841) and Governor

(December, i842~November, 1845); Governor Augustus C. French (December, 1846-

letters of

Apiil 1852), together with a single letter of Governor Joel A.

Volume VI. is a series of letters chiefly addressed to Governor French by Julius Wadsworth and the firm of Wadsworth and Sheldon, financial agents of

Matteson (April

12, 1853);

These have been inchided because of the light they throw upon the letters of Governor French. The series is thus obviously incomplete. There are no

the state.

letters for the administration of

Governor Duncan (1834-

1838), for the first year of Governor Carhn's term, or the Notwithstanding these last year of Governor Ford's. deficiencies, it

has been thought best to reproduce the

books as they stand. doubtless irretrievably

Some lost.

letter-

of the missing letters are

Mrs. Julia Duncan Kirby,

in

her sketch of Governor Duncan, notes the destruction in the great Chicago

fire of

a considerable body of

Duncan manu-

scripts, then deposited with the Chicago Historical Society/ It is hoped that the publication of this series may stimulate

an interest

in the subject wliich

may

result in filling

the gaps. •

Kirby, "Joseph Duncan," in Fergus Historical IX

Scries,

No.

2y, p. 5-

some

of

IXLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

X

Considerable pains have been taken to secure accurate copies of the letter-book text. It is to be noted, however, that the latter is itself a more or less imperfect copy of the It

original.

is,

therefore, quite probable that

much

of the

erratic spelling, punctuation, etc., here reproduced

was due simply to the carelessness of clerks in the governor's ofhce.

The

supplemented by explanatory notes on persons and events mentioned in the correspondtext of the letters

is

In addition to the brief historical statement contained

ence.

in this introductory chapter,

to insert a

more

it

has been thought desirable

detailed study of the administration of

Governor Thomas Ford. The special emxphasis thus given seems justified by the personality

to this administration of the

governor himself and the

critical character of the

period.

For the

a^ssistance given in the preparation of

editors

desire

to acknowledge

their

tliis

volume,

obligations

to

Hon. James A. Rose, Secretary of State, and Mr. T. S. McCoy of the same department, to Mrs. Jessie Palmer Weber, Librarian of the State Historical Library, to Professor Clarence to Professor

W.

Alvord, general editor of the

series,

Lawrence M. Larson and Mr. C. M. McConn

of the University of Illinois for their criticism of manuscript,

Buckmaster, Alton, Mary Dunlap, Jacksonville, Addie E. Benneson, Washington, D.C., Rev. Dudley Eells, to

Julia

Payson,

M.

J.

Howley, Cairo,

J.

F. King, Peoria, for assist-

ance in collecting local historical material, and to Mrs. Ella M. Thompson, whose incessant labor and keen criticism have lightened the burden of reading proof and making the index.

EvARTS B. Greene Charles M. Thompson Urbana-Ciiampaign, July, 1910

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

General Introduction

XV

By Evarts Boutell Greene

A Study of the Administration of By Charles Manfred Thompson I.

Nomination and Election Conditions in 1842

II.

.

State

IV.

Internal

VII.

VIII.

.

The Mormons

in Illinois

State Finances

.... .

.

.

.

The Mexican War

An

Chapter

L^di

Ixxviii

Illinois

........

cix

Executive Letter-Book of Thomas Carlin

1840-41

Chapter

1

civ

Estimate of Ford and His Histoiy of

I.

XXIX xxxvii

xU

Improvement System and

V. Illinois ?tnd Michigan Canal

-

.... ...

Banks

III.

VI.

Governor Thomas Ford

II.

5

Executive Letter-Book of Thomas Ford

1842-45

Chapter III. Executive Letter-Book of Augustus C French and Joel A. Matteson, 1840-53

....

Chapter IV. Letters of Wadsworth and Sheldon to Governor French, 1847-53

251

List of Letters

387

Bibliography

410

Index

.

415

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE

Portrait of Thomas Carlin

Frontispiece

.

Portrait of Thomas Ford

38

Portrait of Augustus C. French

131

Portrait of Joel A. Matteson

247

XI n

GENERAL INTRODUCTION From the retirement of John Reynolds in 1834 to the inaugm'ation of Governor Matteson in 1853 is roughly a This period, like that which preperiod of two decades. was one of rapid growth. The population of the state, as shown by succeeding federal census returns, rose in round numbers from 157,000 in 1830 to 476,000 in By the close of Governor 1840, and 851,000 in 1850. French's administration, there must h.a.ve been over a million ceded

it,

people livmg within the hmits of the state, about four times as

many

as

when Reynolds went out

In

of office in 1834.

1834, there were sixty orgpaiized county governments and

number had been increased to one hundred; nearly three-fourths of the new counties were in the northern hah of the state, where a large volume of immigration from New York and New England was emphasizing the sectional by

1 85 1

the

Notable

aspect of state politics.'

Chicago from a small village

in

also

was the growth

of

1830 to a city of nearly

30,000 inhabitants in 1850.

The comparative homogeneity of the earher years was still further modified by a great number of German and Irish

By

James one and Shields, had been sent to the United States Senate of the Germans, Gustav Koerner,had been elected lieuteiiantgovernor after several years' service on the supreme bench

immigrants.

of the state.

the

1853, one of the Irish immigrants,

Less fortunate in

its

relation to the rest of

community was the Mormon settlement during

the

admmistrations of Carlin and Ford. Naturally enough in such a period of rapid growth, the 'Tables in Grcone, Govcrnmcni of Census and Blue Book of Illinois, 1903.

Illinois,

Appendices C. and

E.,

drawn from U.S.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xvi

popular imagination was easity stimulated

The

takings.

Illinois

and Michigan

to, large

canal, after years of

preliminary discussion and survey, was at

begun

under-

last

actually

and, though interrupted by the financial

in 1836;

troubles of the next few years,

was

carried to completion

Even more ambitious schemes filled the minds of The extravagant Internal Improvement

in 1848.

Illinois legislators,.

System

of 1837,

with

appropriation of millions of dollars

its

and other enterprises illustrated at once the aspirations of the young state and the financial incapacity The breakdown of the whole enterof its political leaders. prise was mevitable, and serious railroad-building had to for railroads

wait for another decade.

Before the close of the period,

however, came the federal land grant

of

1850 in aid of a

railroad from the Lakes to the Gulf; and in 185 1 the Illinois Central Railroad Company was chartered by the state. Through the co-operation of the United States, the state, and eastern capitalists the decade of the fifties saw an

immense development

of railroad mileage.'

comphcations resulting from the reckless internal improvements schemes were aggravated by equally inconsiderate state banking operations which showed that

The

financial

the people of Ilhnois had not yet learned thoroughly the lesson taught by their unfortunate experience with state

During the early forties the state was on the verge of bankruptcy and repudiation. The story of this crisis in state finance and the way in which it

banking

in the twenties.

was met by Governor Ford and his associates is told at some length in the succeeding chapter on the Ford adminisFord's fight for the financial integrity of the state stands out as the heroic episode of the period under distration.

•

See next chapter.

31st Cong., ist

sess., ch.

Sec also Laws of 61; Private

Laws

Illinois, 1837,

(Illinois), 1851,

121-151 61-74-

;

U.S. Slalutcs at Large,

gf:neral introduction cussion,

and

may

not

xvu

be compared

iinfairl}^

leadership in the struggle against slavery.

witli

Coles'

The work

of

begun by Ford was continued by his successor, Governor French, and the new Constitution of 1848 set its seal on the work by the institution of a two-miU financial reconstruction

tax to be used exclusively for the

The Constitution

of

payment

of the state debt.

1848 reflects in other ways also

the economic and political history of the state.

Large

appointing powders previously given to the general assembly w^ere

withdrawn and

its legislative

authority was sometimes

considerably restricted, especially in the

On

field of

hnance.

the other hand, the governor's position was somewhat

strengthened.

The

and was given a suspensive vote, reversal by a bare majority vote

council of revision disappeared;

to take its place the governor still

subject how^ever to

of the legislature. politics

The

increasingly northern tone of state

appeared in the definite prohibition

in the provision

made

of slavery

and

for township organization/

During the thirties and forties, there emerged gradually from the confused personal politics of the twenties, defmitely organized political parties with their machinery of county and state conventions. The Jacksonian democracy was the first

to take definite shape, followed

tion elements in the

Whig

by the union

of opposi-

party.

Reynold's successor, Duncan, was elected to congress as a Jacksonian democrat, but he voted against Jackson on important issues and was therefore opposed for election

His successors, however, Carlin Ford, French, and Aiatteson were all regularly nominated

by the

radical Jacksonians.

XV.

'

Art.

'

The work

of this convention

is

summarized

in

Greene, Govcmmcnl of Illinois, pp. 37-41

» Ford, History of Illinois, i(;8-2o8; Shcahan, Douglas, Ch. can," in Fergtis Historical Scries, No. 29, pp. 26-32.

ii., iii.,

•

Kirby, "Joseph Dun-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xvlii

by the democratic party; and during nearly all the legislature was controlled by the same party.

On the national issues of this period also,

this period

Illinois generally

took the standpoint of orthodox Jacksonian democracy. Its electoral votes were regularly cast for that party from 1832 to 1856. Its congressional delegation was also strongly democratic. By 1850, one of its senators, Stephen A. Douglas, had become one of the recognized leaders of the national democracy; and, in 1852, he was one of the leading

candidates for the presidential nomination.

prominence of

Illinois in national pohtics

based wholly on the personahty electoral vote

went up from

of

was

The growing not, however,

a single leader.

five in 1832 to nine in

Her

1844 and

eleven in 1852,'

On wdth

issues not strictly partisan Illinois stood generall}'

the

western

border

She was enthusiastic

states.

for expansion, north or south,

and ardently supported the

On

slavery as a national issue, a conserva-

tive spirit prevailed.

Abolitionism was discountenanced not

Mexican War.

only by the lawless elements as illustrated in the Alton of 1837, but

by the

riots

responsible leaders of the state as well;

but the northern counties were gradually changing the situation, as shown, for instance,

by the Free

Soil vote of

1848 and the criticism of Douglas for his vote on the Fugitive Slave Bill of 1850.^ It is evident

even from

this brief sketch that

Governors

Ford and French had, in the position of chief executive, responsibilities immensely larger and more complex than those of their predecessors of the twenties.

of a '

They stood at

commonwealth, which had not only

Tables in Greene, Government of

Illinois,

279,

and

difficult

the head

problems

Closes, Illinois Historical

and

Statistical, II, 1195. *

Greene, "Sectional

actions (1903), 75-83.

Forces in

TransIllinois," in Illinois State Historical Society,

GENERAL INTRODUCTION wilhin

its

zix

was coming to have a and national forces.

o\vn borders but

in the interplay of state

larger part

Of the four governors who held

office between December, and January, 1853, Thomas Ford has as already indicated been made the subject of a special study. Regarding the others a few personal notes may be of interest. Two

1834,

of

them, Joseph

Duncan

Thomas Carlin Duncan of Virginia

(1834-1838), and

(1838-1842), v/ere born in Kentucky,

parentage and Carlin of Irish stock.

was born

in Pennsylvania,

Ford (1842-1846) but grew up in the distinctly

border-state environment of southern said,

however, that

unlilc:e

many

Illinois.

It

must be

of his southern Illinois

contemporaries, he appreciated the good qualities of his

Yankee neighbors. The first Yankee stock was Augustus

Illinois

governor of distinctly

C. French, a native of

New

Hampshire. In breadth of experience and range of these four

men seems

but Duncan more

nea.rly resembles

an}^ of the others.

interest,

none

of

quite the equal of Governor Coles,

Though

him

in this respect

than

several of his brothers were

Joseph Duncan himself missed the advantages of college training. He found his substitute for con-

college graduates,

ventional academic education during the war of 18 12 as a

young oihcer in the American army. In this service he showed courage and abihty. For his gallantry in the defense Fort Stephenson against the British he received with several of his associates the thanks of Congress and a sword.

of

A

and in 1824 became a member of the State Senate. Then came six years of service as a member of tlie United States House of few years after the war, he came to

Ilhnois,

Representatives.

As governor, Duncan took a conservative '

Kirby, "Joseph Duncan," in Fergus

Ilislorical Scries,

No.

attitude on the

29, 1-2S.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

XX

He favored the construction of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, but urged that other improvements be left so far as practicable, to question of internal improvements.

He

private initiative.

joined with the other

members

of

the Council of Revision in their unsuccessful attempt to prevent the adoption of the so-called '' system" of 1837;

and on the position.

state

He

banking question Duncan took a similar

opposed the chartering

but was again overruled and

shadow

of the State

of the great financial depression

the panic of 1837.

On

Bank,

his administration closed in the

other issues also

which began with

Duncan

displayed

Although condemning the Alton riots of 1837, he thoroughly disapproved of Lovejoy and his abolitionist associates; and on one occasion proposed a conservative temper.

to resign

from the Board

of Trustees of Illinois College,

because he believed the faculty was tainted with abolition-

The most

ism.

his persistent,

attractive aspect of his administration

though largely unsuccessful,

efforts in

was the

cause of public education.^

Duncan's successor, Thomas Carlin, was a man of experience and intellectual outlook. He had seen service in the war of 181 2 and in the Black Hawk

narrower

disturbances and was for several years a State Senate.

He

member

of the

was not only deficient in his early educa-

but lacked the broadening influence of public service outside the limits of his ov^m frontier community. Nevertion,

had a reputation for honesty and practical sense. Unlike Duncan, he was a thoroughgoing partisan democrat theless he

of the Jackson-Benton school.

The period

of Carlin's administration was, perhaps, the

most depressing

sequences of reckless state legislation had been •

The

in the history of state affairs.

Kirby, "Joseph Duncan," in Fergus

II islorica! Scries,

No.

29, pp.

con-

intensified

32-54.

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

xxi

a worldwide financial disturbance. The improvement ^^system" was repealed, but its consequences remained in an almost hopeless load of debt. The bank situation went from, bad to worse, and the pros-

by the

effects of

internal

pect of completing the canal seemed very remote.

To

the solution of these perplexing problems, Carlhi and his associates

were clearly unequal, and the task was trans-

ferred to his successor.'

The its

|

story of the Ford administration,

achievements

its

problems, and

the subject of the next chapter and need

is

not be rehearsed here. j

Ford's successor, Augustus C. French, was a lander not only

Coming

by

by

birth but

New

Eng-

early education as well.

young man, he built up a successful and was sent to the legislature in 1836,

to Illinois as a

practice at the bar,

in time to cast his vote for the ''s3^stem'' of 1837. in 1846 as a

Democrat, over a Whig competitor,

Elected

his first

term

was cut short by the adoption of the new Constitution in 1848, but he was renominated and re-elected for a second term of four years, no formal Whig nomination being made against him.^ j

French's correspondence indicates that he was, on the whole, a conscientious and intelligent administrator, carrying forward successfully the work of financial readjustment

begun by Ford.

The most

notable achievement of this

administration was the inauguration of the Ilhnois Central After several years the efforts of the

Railroad.

delegation in Congress, led

by Douglas and

Breese, were

rewarded by the federal land grant of 1850. some discussion about the relative advantages Sec

J. F.

Snyder, Adam-

Post, 131; II.,

s6o.

W. Snyder

Ford, History of

There was of construc-

(Ed. 1906), passim, especially pp. 270

Illinois, 194;

Illinois

Moses, Illinois Historical and

ff.

Statistical,

;

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxii

tion

by

the state on the one side and the chartering of a

private railroad corporation on the other;

The

view prevailed. not

made

onl}^

Central

Illinois

but the

Charter

latter

of

1851 possible an important addition to the trans-

portation facihties of the state but also secured a direct contribution from the revenues of the railroad to the state treasury.

^

It remains to indicate briefly the character of the material

contained in the Letter-books.

volume,

many

most meager reference settlement of the

War, and the absence of any

constitutional letters

is,

their expulsion, the Alexican

Convention

of

I^^e

1847.

state banking measures.

all

other topics to a subordinate

Carlin's opening letter of February 18, 1840 dis-

place.

cusses a proposed sale of bonds to the Co.,

untouched or

left

for instance, only the

to 1853, state finance occupies the center of

the stage and relegates

&

the previous

between 1834 and 1840 leaves unand enactment of the disastrous

improvement and

From 1840

this, as in

to such important matters as the

Mormons and

touched the initiation internal

There

mentioned.

onl}^ briefly

In

important questions are

which he at

The tone

first

of the letter

London

firm of Wright

disapproved but finally agreed is

strongly pessimistic.

"I

am

to.

as

clearly convinced," he says, ''that the Canal project will fail

as I

am

of the utter failure of the Internal

Improvement

He

notes a prevailing doubt ''whether posterity will pay the debts" imposed by "the present generation." Notwithstanding Jiis discouragement he stood by the old

System."

Jeffersonian creed, resisting vigorously the proposed federal

assumption of state debts. Even bankruptcy seemed to him infinitely preferable "to plunging the whole country » U.S. Statutes 61-74.

at Large, 31st

Cong., ist Scss.,

cli.

6r;

Private

Laws

(Illinois),

1851.

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

3nDii

into that vortex of folly, extravagance,

and ruin to whicli assumption of the State the debts must evidently lead.'" TJirough the remainder of Carlin's administration and

that of Governor Ford, the leading, almost the exclusive, topics are the financing of the canal, the winding-up of the

banking system, and the state debt. Ford's letters of January ii, 1843 a.nd March 7, 1843 a^i'^ typical of the man, msisting upon sound principles of econonty and urging the purpose of the state to deal with its creditors in absolute state

good faith.'' During Frenches administration, the public debt in its various phases continued to be the main theme of the correspondence. There was evidently a decided clearing of the financial atmosphere, in the spring of 1847, after Gov-

ernor PYench visited

New

York;

and on June

3,

JuHus

Wadsworth, one of the financial agents of the state, wrote as follows: "I am happy to find that the impression made by you whilst here is very favorable to yourself and to the interIn fact your course and ests and prospects of the state. pohcy in relation to the financial afiairs of the State have inspired new confidence in the integrity and ability of the State

and her

citizens,

and cannot

fail,

I believe to place

once more, and at no far distant period, on an equal footing with the first states in the Union. "^ There were still knotty problems to work out, of which the princijml Illinois

was perhaps the long-drawn-out controversy regarding the Macalister and Stebbins Bonds. There were also complaints about the delays in the payment of interest. Gradually, however, old claims were settled and

tlie

credit

of the state restored.

There are several *

Post, 5-^-

'Post, 44, 58-62

letters

showing lack

'P0St,2S2.

of

harmony

in

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxiv

the administration of the canal business.

was

dissatisfied

Governor French with the service rendered by Chief Engineer

Wilham Gooding and

finally removed him. Thereupon the trustees in defiance of French appointed Gooding as secre-

tary of the board.'

An letters

interesting part of the correspondence

is

a series of

from Julius Wadsworth to Governor French about the

construction

of

the

Central Railroad.

After consulting

with Senator Douglas, and apparently acting on his advice,

Wadsworth

issued in October, 1850, a circular letter to the

creditors of the State calling attention to the congressional

land grant which had been

made

He

at the last session.

suggested that they should "adopt some plan of action

which will enable the state to construct the entire hne of road, and secure the same, together with the profits therefrom, to the creditors, for the payment of their claims."^ Governor French did not agree with Wadsworth's suggestion and favored the plan, which was adop)ted by the legislature at its next session, of giving the lands to a com-

pany which should undertake the construction

the

of

railroad.^

Outside of these matters of finance, there are some

side-

and national politics. The thoroughgoing quality of Illinois democracy comes out in such letters as that of Carlin, already quoted, on the prolights

on other questions

state

of

posed assumption of state debts and one Jackson, in January, 1843. tions of the General

of Ford's to

Andrew

Ford's letter inclosed resolu-

Assembly

calling

on Congress

to return

the fine imposed on Jackson in 18 15 by Judge Hall of the

United States District Court

own

of Louisiana.

Fie

added

his

tribute to the old hero '4n the evening of your long,

eventful,

and ihustrious

life."'^

'

Post, 144, 145 "•. 193-

'

^^^^' 369, 374-

•

Post, 352, 355, 357-360.

'

Post, 43, 44-

GENERAL INTRODUCTION The

XXV

slavery issue comes up in some correspondence with Even a state government wliich

the governor of Missouri.

gave httle encouragement to abolitionists was made to reahze at times the difficulties of a Union, ''half slave and hah free." Early in 1843, Governor Ford received from

Governor Reynolds

Missouri a demand for the surrender of Richard Eells, a well-known abolitionist, Liberty of

and "underground railroad" manager, as a fugitive from justice on the charge of stealing a slave. Ford refused the requisition on the ground that Eells had not been in Missouri and therefore could not be regarded as a fugitive from justice in that state. In his long letter to Reynolds, Ford took great pains to make it clear that he had no sympathy with the abolitionist radicals. In his part}'- leader,

opinion, ninety nine out of every hundred Illinois citizens,

looked "with indignation and abhorrence upon the conduct

an incendiary and misguided few amongst us, who have interfered .... with the right of the people of Missouri, to a class of persons there made private property by the conIn that disposition and stitution and laws of your state. feeling, I myself, fuUy participate with the great mass of of

the people here." Ford insisted, however, that though pubhc opinion in Illinois was wholly unfavorable to the "fanatical and misguided Sect called Abolitionists," "a hard case of oppression; the arrest, imprisonment and transportation of an innocent man, under pretence of suppressing or punishing the excesses of a Sect," might create popular

sympathy and thus "add

to their

numbers," and "swell

the inconvenience of their fanaticism to the people of

i\Iis-

iri."^

In the Eells case, the free-state governor had the wliii) hand. In 1849, however, another case arose in whicli the ^

Post, 65, 69-78.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxvi

tables were turned.

In this instance, Governor French

issued a requisition on Governor

King of Missouri for the surrender of three persons indicted by the grand jury of Alexander County, on the charge of kidnaping a man named Wade. King replied with the statement that Wade was a slave and that the persons charged with kidnaping were merely aiding the owner in the exercise of his ''unqualified constitutional right'' ''to seize and repossess his slave, and

no state has the power

to

make

it

a felony to do so."

For

the exercise of such a right, King declared he would not

consent "that a citizen of Missouri shall be taken in chains, as a criminal, to Illinois to be tried,"

met with the

rejoinder that

it

This refusal French

would "probably be

difficult

to prove that the State of Illinois has not a clearly consti-

tutional right in the

management

of her internal police, to

punish a person criminal^ for not proceeding according to the Constitution and the public peace

is

Laws

of the

United States, by ^vhich

broken and the quiet and tranquillity

of

the State disturbed."'

Another extradition controvers}^ arose in connection with Mormon settlement. In the summer of 1843, Governor

the

of Missouri issued a requisition for the delivery Joseph Smith on the charge of treason. Ford issued a writ for the arrest of Smith who was duly placed in the

Reynolds of

custody of the Missouri agents. The municipal court of Nauvoo, however, discharged Smith from custody on a writ

Ford was then called upon to use military force, but he refused on the ground that he could not legally do so under the constitutions and laws of the state." of habeas corptis.

In closing, we

may note a picturesque controversy between

the state of Ilhnois and the city of St. Louis, arising in 1848 ^

Fosl, 207, 209, 212-216.

'Post, 94-101.

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

XXVM

through the proposal of the latter to improve its harbor facilby constructing a dam, which it was feared would

ities

divert the current of the Mississippi from the Illinois to

the Missouri side, to the injury of the former state. ernor French sent a letter of protest to IMayor St. Louis.

The continuance

of the

work

Gov-

Krum

of

in spite of these

objections led Governor French to propose more vigorous

measures.

In a

letter to the sheriff of St. Clair

County

he declared that the injunction must be enforced, ''let the consequences be what they may." The sheriff was authorif necessary, and the Governor think you have a cannon at Belleville, there "I added, are cannon also at Alton, which 3^ou are authorised also to

ized to emplo}^ the militia,

take,

if

required."

was reached.^ 'Post, 171-173, 177, 178.

In the end, however, a compromise

A STUDY OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF GOVERNOR THOMAS FORD By CHARLES I.

MANFRED THOMPSON

NOMINATION AND ELECTION

During the first three decades of her existence as an American commonwealth, Illmois may be said to have been in an experimental stage. In common with lier sister states of the Mississippi Valley, she initiated

pubHc under-

takings too costly for her resources and out of proportion to the

needs of a frontier people.

From

the comparatively

thicldy populated Atlantic States, where public enterprises

had been carried out with considerable success, came many of the public-spirited and well-to-do settlers of Illinois. With little regard for the differences in economic envirojiment, the friends of

artificial

waterways argued that the

building of the Erie Canal proved conclusively that such

an undertaking in profitable.

internal

With

Illinois

would be not only possible but

this parallel established, those

improvements and

state

banks had

in convincing the people that they

without delay,

if

must

who

favored

little difficulty

bestir themselves

they expected to put Ilhnois in the front

rank of the newer

states.

Without adequate consideration

for actual needs, railroads were projected across the deserted prairies,

and attempts made

to

as the Kaskaslda and the Little

make navigable such streams Wabash rivers. To support

these undertakings the state entered

ing as disastrous in the end as

it

upon a system of bankwas chimerical at tl.e

beginning. building of internal improvements was not a strict party measure, on account of the unanimity of the people

The

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

XXX

demanding

in

tlicm.

Opposition was personal and secTo be consistent with national

tional rather tlian political

Democrats favored the banks, althougli they legislation and were managed by Whig a^ppointees. As soon as the impracticability of these schemes became e^ddent, political leaders lost no politics,

the

were the creation of Whig

time in attempting to lay their failure at the door of the Each side, however, skilfully evaded the opposite party. displeasure of the people with the result that the relative

strength of the two parties remained practically unchanged.

Although the Whigs had succeeded in dominating a few Assembly they had never been able

sessions of the General

to elect a "Whig governor,

tain

a

critical

attitude

and

their only

toward

their

hope was

to

main-

opponents with the

expectation that some extremely unpopular legislation or executive act might deflect from them the small of votes necessary to

the

change the

political

number

complexion of

state.'

The

smallness of the Democratic majorities in the years

and 1841 cormnced the leaders of each party campaign of 1842 would be a close contest.' The Democratic state convention met at Springfield, December 13, 1841, and without seriously considering other candidates nominated Adam W. Snyder and ^'lionest" John Aloore for the offices of governor and lieutenant-governor respec1838, 1840,

that the

tively.^

A

better choice could not have been made.

Snyder was favorably known as a lawyer and

nel

Colo-

legislator

Democrats, 18,412; Whigs, 15,220. Gubcrnaloriril elecDemocrats, 30,668; Whigs, 29,772. Presidential election, 1840; Democrats, 47,631; Whigs, 45,574.- -i^/z/c Book of Illinois, 1905. Congressiojoal election, 184 1: Democrats, 34.572; Whigs, u,^2>Z.—Niks' National Register, LXl., 1x9. *

Presidential election, 1836:

tion, 1838:

*

Ante, n.

i;

post, xxxv'i.

W. Snyder in llUnois Ilisiory, 384-S5; Niks' National Register, LXII., For a comparison of the Democratic conventions 274; State Register, Decemlier 17, 1841. of 1841 and 1846, sec State Register, January 30, 1846. *

Snyder, Adavt

NOMINATION AND ELECTION OF GOVERNOR FORD of tact

and

ability,

xxxi

and had the faculty of inspiring confidence Mr. Moore was an Englishjnan by

wherever he went. birth

and a

man

of sterling character, which earned for

name "honest " among

the

out

calling

those

who

a convention and by

luiew

him

best.

common

liini

With-

consent,

ex-

Governor Joseph Duncan was selected by the Whigs as their standard bearer with William H. Henderson as his running-mate. The Whigs too made an excellent selection. Governor Duncan's record as a public man was good, both

and in the General Assembly, and as the executive of the state. Mr. Henderson had served in the General Assembly from 1838 to 1842 and, as a conseas a legislator in Congress

quence, was no stranger to the people of the

The Mormons had removed

to Illinois in the winter of

1839-40 and at the next presidential their votes for the cratic party

had

Whig lost

state.

election

had

cast

Meanwhile the Demo-

candidates.

no opportunity

to ingratiate itself in

Alormon prophet, had granted to the ^iormon city, Nauvoo, a charter drawn up in sucli a way that misinterpretation was not only possible but inevitable. Acting under this charter, the Nauvoo city authorities had made ordinances obnoxious to the non-]\'Iormon population of Hancock and the adjoining counties with the result that many people hesitated to vote for any candidate favored by this new sect. The campaign was hardly the good graces of Joseph Smith, the

and

his followers.^

A

Democratic

legislature

under way before the Whig candidate brought the

paramount

issue, the

Mormon

question.

to the front

Astute

politi-

every reason to believe that questions

had fmance and internal improvements would be the As issues upon which the opposing candidates would join. cians of each party of public

' Stenhouse, The Rocky Mountain Saints, 133; Lin"> The Story of Reynolds, My Ou>n Times, 576.

the

Mormons,

2,j4;

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxxji

far as the political parties were concerned, neither Juul a clean record in the Mormon legislation, each having busied itself in

trying to gain the ]\lormon vote at any cost. The the advantage, however, for they had been an

Whigs had

irresponsible jninority in the legislature and their candidate for governor

private

life

had taken no public

at the time.

part in the

The Democrats on

had overreached themselves

in their zeal to be

affair,

being in

the other

hand

more generous

than their opponents.

As

the

Mormons had

who had been active in securing for them favorable legislation were in danger of being discredited politically and cast aside for less

fallen into disrepute, those

worthy but more available candidates.'

As

the

cam-

paign grew older the situation became more complicated,

no one knew whether or not the fear of Mormon domination in state politics would cause the anti-Mormon Demofor

crats to cast their lot with the Whigs.

The Whig newspapers

were numerous for the time and well

edited,

and

stories

detrimental to the Democratic candidates went the rounds

and suffered no diminution in. their going. ^ In May, 1842, death removed Colonel Snyder from the contest, and awaiting the naming of a successor, there was Party managers knew very well a lull in the campaign. would lessen the weight of the Whig same time give the party a chance to

that a proper selection

argument and retain the

at the

Mormon

vote.

Available candidates were scarce.

PracticaUy every well-known public

an impossibility on account

man

in the state

of his past attitude

was

toward the

Colonel Snyder was chairman of the judiciary committee, from wliich the Nauvoo charter came with recommendations for its passage (Senate Journal ,1840-41, 45). • One report was that the jNIormons had "concluded to have a ticket of their own and had nominated Adam W. Snvclcr for governor and John Moore for lieutenant-governor."— '

Niles' National Register, LXII., 357-

^r. Snyder, in

Adam

IF.

Snyder in

Illinois History,

has analyzed the situation and arrived at the conclusion that any inllucntial Democrat could have been elected. In my opinion, however, his evidence is not so conclusive that the last word on the subject has been said.

NOMINATION AND ELECTION OF GOVERNOR FORD INiorinon

question.

record; lawyers ions publicly

all

xxxm

Members of tlie legislature were on over the state had expressed their opin-

on the constitutionality

of the

Nauvoo

charter;

and more than one judge had been compelled to render decisions in which the authority of the charter was in question. Even in such a crisis several Democratic newspapers groomed favorite sons of their respective localities, and urged their fitness upon the leaders of the party.

Aware which the party would be exposed by an injudicious selection, several of the more influential papers, either by accident or design, united in presenting the name of Judge Thomas Ford for the party's consideration.' The of the

danger

to

a committee''

result was, that

made up

of

Democrats

over the state, met at Springfield, June

all

mously selected Judge Ford

to

fill

7,

frojn

and unani-

the vacancy caused by

Colonel Sn3der's death.

Although the new nominee was a native he had lived in

Illinois since 1805,

Monroe County by

his

having been brought to

wddowed mother

Except for a short residence

at

of Pennsylvania,

at the age of five.

Transylvania University,

Lexington, Kentucky, his only educational advantages were

and close intimacy witli sucli men as his George Forquer, and Daniel P. Cook. Early in life Ford gave promise of a strong and vigorous mind, such as is the product of a pioneer community where selfreliance is learned in the great school of necessity. Mr. the rural schools

half-brother,

and encouraged him to spend liis spare moments in reading law. Later young Ford entered Mr. Cook's law oflice where by close application

Cook took an

interest in the boy,

*

S(a(^ Regislcr,

June

'

This meeting

is

3,

1842,

sometimes called a convention.

» Tliis committee met at the office of the State Register, State Register, Jime 10, 1842. and was careful to avoid mentioning the Mormons, confining itself to stating the supixiscd attitude of the new candidate on the pubhc debt and taxation.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

xxxiv

and honest endca.vor he was able to acquire a.lcnowledge of the subject sufficient to enable him to begin practice in 1823. Ford soon gained local prominence at the bar and six 3^ears after his admission was appointed district prosecuting attorney by Governor Edwards, to whicli ofiice he was reappointed, in 1831, by Governor Reynolds. Wliile filling this ofhce

he

is

said to have instilled in the

minds

of the

roughest frontiersmen a respect for the majesty of the law.

In 1835, the General Assembly appointed him circuit judge, and three times afterward he was selected for important places on the bench once again as circuit judge, once as judge of Chicago, and fmahy as justice of the Supreme Court

—

was serving when the gubernatorial nomination came to him in 1842. The motives that prompted this selection wxre various. Although Ford had been a public servant in several capacities, yet this was the first time that his name had been before All his pre\dous offices had been bestowed upon the people. him by the governor and the legislature, a fact significant when it is considered that his opponent had held more tlian in 1841, in wdiich capacity he

one

office at the

hands

Ford's judicial duties

of the voters.

had been removed from the locality of the Mormon settlements, and so far he was free from any embarrassing entanglements. As a lavv''3^er and a judge he had formed a wide acquaintance throughout the

state,

especially in

the

northern part. Although he lacked the eloquence so much admired in the early pleaders, he won cases and made He friends by his quiet modesty and thorough sincerity.

was

selected because

it

was thought

that he might be able

support of both the northern and southern The southern counties might object sections of the state. to a candidate selected from tlie New Englanders setded in to secure the

the north, but never to Ford,

who had

spent

liis

early

man-

NOMINATION AND ELECTION OF GOVERNOR FORD hood

Monroe County and who knew and

in

sterling

the

of

qualities

the

southern

XXXV

appreciated

settlers.

On

tlie

hand tlie people of the northern counties liad learjied to know Ford and to value his ability and integrity. In every respect he was one of their number and merited their other

support at the

polls.''

At the time of his nomination, Judge Ford, as a judge of Supreme Court, was holding circuit court on the Fox River." Hastening to Springfield, he resigned his office

the

and mxade preparation to enter immediately into the campaign, which was to close early in August.^ As was expected the Vv^higs attempted to

new candidate had

make

the people believe that the

inherited the

Mormon

attitude of his

did

succeed.

The

deceased

predecessor,

Mormons

themselves refused to conceal their position, com-

but

they

not

ing out openly for the Democratic candidate for governor, despite the fact that

by the party.

no new candidate had

The Whig

"^

press

yet been

retaliated

that a conspiracy existed to throw the

named

by declaring

Mormon

vote to the

To make the situation more complex in a published communication, declared himself, Ford Judge that he had no idea of getting the M^ormon vote,^ and at opposing party.

^

another time publicly called the prophet an impostor and a great scoundrel, and pledged himself to support a repeal of the

Nauvoo

charter.'

For history of Ford's early life see John Reynolds, My Own Times; National Cyclopaedia of American Biography; Blue Book oj Illinois, 1905; Snyder, Journal of Illinois State Historical Society, July, 1910; this paper on Ford. '

At this time there were no circuit judges in Illinois. By an act of February 10, 1S41, number of supreme judges was increased to nine, and the business formerly done by circuit judges was given into their hands {Blue Book of Illinois, 1907). »The election was set for the first Monday in August {Conslilulion of Illinois, iSiS, '

the

the Art.


legraph, February

*

Governor Ford delivered the proposition

22, 1845-

to the legislature in a special

\\xHoitse Reports, 1844-45; Nilrs' National Register, *

Ford, History of

Illinois.

390-92

LXVHL.

11.

message found

ILLINOIS

AND MICHIGAN CANAL

hxv

strict justice in financial inattci's. He had giwn them reason to expect much. His reputation as a leader was at stake and he realized it. Should the legislature adjourn witliout making some provision for the rapidly

looked for

accruing interest, he as well as the state would be discredited

home and

both at

abroad.

In the spring of 1845 Governor Ford authorized the subscribers of the to

them by

of

New

army,

loan to elect two trustees as allowed

the act of February 21, 1843.

York, and Captain William

V\^erc

state, for

both

F)a\dd Leavitt,

li. Swift, of

chosen at a meeting held in

This selection

1845.^

their

new

New

the regular

York, I\Iay

27,

w^as satisfactory to the people of the

men had shown an

and

interest in the canal

honesty and integrity were unquestioned.

The selection of a state trustee v/as a more difficult task. The salary was a princely one for a public officer of Illinois, being a thousand dollars a year more than that received by

was manifestly impossible for the governor to avoid criticism, in making a selection. Colonel Oakley had worked early and late for the interests

the highest paid state officer.^

It

and as a consequence his friends felt that tlie place belonged to him by all odds. Ford thought other\vise and selected Jacob Fry, who was quite familiar witli tlie canal and its needs, having been commissioner from 1837 of the state,

to 1843.^

the legal formalities cleared away, iiothing remained except to secure the promised money and begin the work. In

With

•

Report of Canal Commissioners, December

•

For

i,

salaries p:ucl slate officers, see post, 175. n.

1S45; Slate Rcslslcr, February

6.

1S46.

i.

ihc press that the bondlioldcrs hod r.r.];cd 'The report went the rounds caused by the opinion that governor to appoint Colonel Oakley, and that his refur-al was Oakley was too friendly to the stock dealers in Wall Street (•^^^'••^'''"V n' the East tl,at Colonel was even rumored 184s; Alton Tder.raph, June 14. 18.15). It 180). LXVUI., Register, National {Nilcs' of the

Whig

m

Oakley had been appointed

f

Vr inM

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

Ixxvi

June, 1845, the loan was complctefV and work began

lowing September.

on

Former contractors were

their old sections, but the contracts

mates made by the chief engineer. ' ness of

all

llic fol-

given i)reference

were based on new

On

esti-

account of the cheap-

kinds of supplies, the trustees found

compara-

it

tively easy to let the contracts within the estimated cost.''

On

account of innumerable delays incident

to

getting

the machinery in working order and to removing obstacles

must out of necessity have followed the abandonment an enterprise three years before, little work was done during the winter of 1845-46. While little headway was

that

of such

made

in the actual construction of

tlie

canal, the salaries

of the large corps of officials and engineers went on, a fact

which

finally

created

considerable

the people, for the salaries paid

tlie

dissatisfaction

and chief engi-

trustees

neer were enormous, measured by the ideas of

1846/ To make was no legal redress.

Illinois in

there All

the matter

often found

it

peo})le of

more exasperating,

way

The two their

by a

foreign trustees

impossible to attend to canal affairs

and as a consequence delegated this

tlie

matters concerning the canal were decided

majority vote of the trustees.

among

powers

in

person

to others.

In

the state's interests suffered at times, despite the trustees

good intentions of the foreign of the state

trustee.'^

The

go^^^rnor

and the honest

and

efforts

legislature pro-

tested against this delegation of authority to others, Ixit withThe bondholders manifested a desire to deal out effect. upon wliich Citizens of Illinois held old canal bonds to the value of ^$410,000, LXX'UL, 100). subscribed the required 32 per cent {Niks' National KckIsI^j, '

'Laws '

tlicy

of Illinois, 1842-43, 54.

Report of the Canal Trustees, 1847, 26.

IJolh state trustee, $:,5oo. foreign trustees received each sS5,ooo per year; the ^'overnor this discrimination but without cUect Register, June 17, 1847): see also French's letter to E. Riggs, May 24, 1847. found in Stale
lish.

creating tliem, after, in

all

of this belief that a lar^re

number

of a State ])auk there-

And

of the Ivlembcrs of the

it

was

in virtue

General Asscm-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

6o

biy at the late session voted for a repeal of the law extending the charter

Bank

of the

of Illinois.

under

its

Bank

a fact that the

It is also

of Illinois continued to

do business

Territorial Charter until about the year 1821, at which time

it

ceased business, and never had any kind of organization whatever until the year 1835.

Thus time

it

a space of time had intervened of about 14 years, during whicli

was

hiatus in

to

al]

and purposes defunct in point of fact; and this was regarded by many as an efi'ectual cessation

intents

operation

its

leaving nothing to revive or continue by the act of 1835.

of existence;

Others objected to

it

because

it

had been notoriously

insolvent, in

the usual acceptation of the term., for most of the time since the year

1837; having been nearly

all

that time in a state of suspension of specie

payments, and as most of the members of the General Assembly were opinion, in open breaxh of of this State

sion of

its

complain

nois,

This has been the condition not only

and

Bank

of the

and

of Cairo;

of this State, until

and good neighborhood

who

adjacent States and Territories

suffers

banks into an honest and

The

State

of Illi-

endurance

[sic]

to the people of the

equally with themselves,

faithful discharge of their duties;

or to abate altogether the nuisances l^y which they

annoyed.

Bank

this condition

They consequently were bound, not only by the

preservation;

to drive those

tlie

been borne by the people

ceased to be a virtue. self

of

which the people

immense loss and injury from the great CApanand the consequent depreciation of its notes in

of the State Bank,

of things has

laws of

of

of

circulation

their hands.

but

By means

charter.

its

Bank was

brouglit to a sense of

had hitherto been its

duty and under

a law passed at the late session has gone into voluntary liquidation.

The Bank power

the

of Illinois, for

system of banking in which

The Bank

and

had been engaged

it

its

intention to set

to continue die nefarious

for

many

years past.

of Cairo never accepted of its Territorial charter nor

any Stock ever

sul3scribed, or

Thus

about the year 1837.

any

a time, openly declared

of the Legislature at defiance;

any kind

of organization

was

attempted until

a period of 19 years had elapsed without when it suddenly came into being as

visible sign of its existence;

new creature, under pretence had come down to jjut few

a

many

of

of

intelligent persons believed

and continual This

latter

an old Clmrter, the memory of which tlic present generation; and which

was

eniirel)'

defunct by reason of long

no]i use.

bank

also, as I

am

informed, and as

it

was generally

FORD'S LE'rrER-BOOK,

MARCH

1843

61

believed by the General Assembly, never paid specie for

its lia1)ilitics

at

any time.

It

payments and

its

a.vailed itself of tlie general

itself upon an equality means obtained such a

this

expanded

under a general suspension

into operation

put

respect, to

and by

went

discounts that

its

7,

of specie

delinquency of banks in this

as to credit with the best of tlicm; circulation for

its

paper, and so

could never have hoped to have redeemed

it

notes with gold and silver coin. It

was understood,

an assignment directors

and

of all its effects,

officers,

bank of Cairo had abandoned had theretofore laid claim to, by

that the

also,

whatever of a pretended charter

it

and a voluntary resignation

without any elections to

fill

of all its

the vacancies thercl)y

occasioned.

The

could not have been an act of violence,

la^v of repeal therefore

and could only have been intended

to prevent

any future resurrection

of this swindling concern.

Under

these circumstances the Legislature believed that

banks ever had any

if

those

and constitutional existence, the law of their being had been so repeatedly and constantly violated by the banks, legal

that the State as one of the contracting parties

They

the contract implied in their charters.

competent

for the Legislature to repeal a charter

edly and notoriously violated

1)y

believed

when

it

all

the

it

l^y

to be fully

had been repeat-

had altogetlicr was enacted; and wlien its country round, within and without

the corporators; v^'hen

ceased to answer the purposes for which very existence was a nuisance to

was no longer bound

it

it

the State.

You

will therefore

does not at so reckless

all

not

fail to

perceive that the repeal of these charters,

demonstrate that the dominant party

and desperate, and

so

little

in

this State are

regardful of private rights that

they would wantonly and wilfully repeal even the charier of a

[sic]

its

bank

should appear that legal and constitutional charter existed; or unles

if it

the corporation liad

it-self first

openly and jiotoriously

being at defiance; and this power I believe

is

set the

lav\^

of

not only claimed but

exercised by most of the States of the Union.

And

these repealing laws do not at

all

prove that the Legislature

claim to repeal a legislative grant of land;

advanced on the

may

faith of

it

in

works

where money has been

of internal

venture safely to affirm that there

is

improvements

not any one

of Illinois either in or out of the Legislature,

who

man

I think I

in the State

believes or contends

that a legislative grant of lands, or any interest in real estate,

consum-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

62

mated by an advance or expenditure of money, can be repealed or nullified Ijy any power on earth. But further, to show conclusively that the Legislature of this State do not hold to or act upon principles tending to the destruction of private rights,

and

to tlie invasion of private property, 1)ut only intend as a

mat-

power of compelling corporations, as well laws, and so to use their property as not to

ter of police to exercise the

as individuals, to obey the

annoy

their neighbors,

I

have furnished you with true copies of

laws enacted at the late session on the subject of banks.

you

Avill

percieve

to get rid of

all

the

By which

that altlio the General Assembly greatly desired

[sic]

our broken and rotten banking system, yet in accomplishing

that desirable object,

you can not

fail to

discover abundant evidence of

a tender solicitude for private rights, in the

mode adopted

winding

for

them up. You will also perceive, that the law repealing the charter of the bank of Illinois is accompanied by another whicli enables it on favorable terms for creditors, stockholders, and all intei'ested, to go into a voluntary liquidation under the direction of It

may be asked with

is

valuable

officers. [:>ic]

those

?

very fact of hopeless insolvency witiTOut fraud

own

Can it be contended that a franchise for bankproperty when the Bank itself is insolvent, and by the

banks been deprived ing

its

what valuable property has

reason, of

upon

it is

unable to exercise any of

its

fuiictions

my hand and

the great

the vdiole community.

All of which I hereby certify to be true, under

Seal of State the day

and year

first

herein above written.

Thomas Ford Instructions to Elijah Ad/\ms and John M. Kelly 1.

]\Ir.

Adams and Mr.

will take into 2.

Kelly, in estimating the value of the land,

consideration the value of State Ijonds and scrip.

In estimating the value on work done, materials &c. they will take

into consideration the original cost

and subsequent

with the value of State bonds and scrip.

They

deterioration, together

will

provide

tliein selves

with the reports of the Board of Public works, showing the original

and they will take into consideration also, the price at which the work could be done, the materials furnished, and the right of way purchased, according to the present prices of labor, provisions, and lands. railroad at the mouth of the 3. They will begin first on the Central costs,

Ohio, and proceed north, valuing and noting the land along the

line,

MARCH

FORD'S LETl^ER-BOOK,

15,

1843

63

belongbig to the State; and estimating the value of the wovl; done by separate sections of one mile each. 4.

They

advanced

be furnished with one hundred and

will

pay

fifty

dollars each,

expenses and compensation, both of which arc rated at three dollars per day; and they will be required to use the utmost to

their

despatch, beginning at the

mouth

of the Ohio,

on the

ist

Monday

in

May.

Thomas Ford Springfield March 15 1843

Dear

You inform me

you have a proposition

make

to

the Executive Authority of this State for a purchase of rail road iron

&

that

it is

Sir:

your intention

to visit

the purpose of ascertaining the

that

to

Meredosia, Alton and Shawneetown for

amount

at those several places

belonging

to the State If

you do so

I

have to request that you

either of the Messers

the

amount

of rail

At Alton

it is

some

Thompsons

will call

at j\Ieredosia,

on

Mr Conn

and get them

and

to certify

road iron at that place.

my

request that you will call on Col. Buckmaster and

of the Inspectors of the Penitentiary

and

get

them

to certify the

quantity on hand there and also the amount of the same which will be necessar}'" to

be retained

for.

Penitentiary purposes.

At Shawneetown you will please call on j\Ir John Marshall^ and get either him or the Sheriff of Gallatin County to certify the amount on hand at that place. I am most respectfully Yours &c

Thomas Ford Mr. H. Bigelow Springfield March 15 1843

Hon Joel Sir:

chase a

A.

Matteson=

You named lot of rail

to

me

during the Winter that you wished to pur-

road iron belonging

to the State.

Mr. Bigelow has

'John Marshall: June 7, xSi.}, appointed justice of the peace of Gallatin County by Governor Niniau Edward;-,; .Vngust, 1815, appointed judge of the County Court for Gallaun County; January 10, iSj6, appointed judge of the County of Gallatin for three years; April 13, 1816, appointed justice of the })eace of Gallatin County; iSi8--^o. represenlative 1005). in the General Assembly (Illinois illsnu-iccJ Collections, IV.; Blue Book oJJllii:"is, •Joel A. Matleson: born August taught school and engaged in business;

8,

Watertown, New York; began work as foreman on the

1808. at

1S.51,

in

early

lile

la-t railiu.id

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

64

returned here and wishes to buy the v/hole

lot on hand at v$45 per ton in improvement bonds and scrip for the president of the Board of Public Works in Michigan as he says I hope you will let me know how much you want; what price you will give and how soon it can be paid

internal

I

am most

respectfully

Your most

obedicjit

Servant

Thoaias Ford

Executive Department Springfield March

27 th

1843

Thomas Ford Governor of the State of Illinois by virtue of power and authority in me vested, do hereby appoint John Dougherty of the County I

of

Union

to act as

agent of the State of

Illinois,

and as such agent

hereby authorize the said John Dougherty^ in

name leases,

of

my

my

name, and

I

do

in the

successors in ofSce, to sign, seal and deliver any lease or

which may be necessary

to let

such part or parts of the Depot

lands belonging to the State of Illinois at Cairo to

all

such persons as

have, or shall erect buildings thereon reserving a rent therefor payable to

me

or

my

successors in office for the use of the State.

In testimony whereof I have here unto (L. S.) the Seal of State this 27th

By the Governor Thompson Campbell,^

set

my

ha,nd

and

affixed

day of March A. D. 1843.

Thomas Ford Secretary of State

1834, removed to Illinois; contractor on Illinois and Michigan Canal; engaged in manufacturing at Jolict; 1842-53, state senator; January 10, 1853 January 12, 1857, governor of Illinois; 1855, unsuccessful candidate for United States Senate; traveled extensively in Europe after retiring from office; lived iu later life in Chicago; lessee of Chicago and Alton Railroad; died in Chicago, January 31, 1873 (Bateman and Sclby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 1905; Blue Book of Illinois, 1905).

in South Carolina;

—

John Dougherty: born May 6, 1806, at IMarietta, Ohio; Cape Girardeau, Missouri; 1812, removed with his mother '

to

180S, taken

by

his parents

to Joiiesboro, Illinois;

read

law under Colonel A. P. Field; 1831, admitted to the bar; 1832-38, representative in General Assembly; 1840-42, same office; 1842-48, state senator; 1858, Buchanan candidate for state treasurer; 1861, supported President Lincoln; 1864, Republican presidential January 13, 1873, lieutenant-governor of Illinois; elector at large; January 11, 1869 1872, Republican presidential elector; August 20, 1S77, elected judge of First Circuit; died at Jonesboro, September 7, 1879 (Bateman and Sclby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 1905; Blue Book of Illinois, 1905).

—

* Thompson Campbell: born 1811, at Kennctt Square, Chester County, Pennsylvania; attended school in Butler County; educated at Butler College, Cauonsburg, Pennsylvania; read law in Pittsburg; removed to Galena, Illinois; March 6, 1843— December 23, 1816, secrctarj'- of state; wrote first public school report of the state; 1847, member of the Con-

FORD'S LE^ITER-BOOK, APRIL

3,

1843

65

Hon, John Doughei^ty

As a ney you

qualification of the authorily given

by

tlie

any lease

to

be made by you

will consider that ]j>efore

binding on the

State

it

must be submitted

within letter of attor-

to

the

sliall

Governor

Ijij

for

his approval. I

am

at a loss to determine

most ad^'antageous, be pleased

be

best,

It

would

or

its

also

If

to

whether a long or short term would be

you should be

communicate

of opinion that a long term v.'ould

to

me

the reason for your opinion

be proper to insert a condition in each lease, that the State

grantee, in case a rail road should ever be

remove

his buildings

damages on

made

leading into the

resume and the lessee to and other improvements without any claim for

City of Cairo, should have a right to

the ground,

either side.^ I

am

your most obedient Servant

Thomas Ford Executive Department Springfield Illinois April

3

1843

His Excellency Thomas Reynolds- Governor of the State of Missouri, Sir: I have this day received your communication of Alarch 25 1843

on the subject

of the requisition of the Executive of Missouri,

demand-

1851-53, representaUve in Congress; 1853, removed with his family to California at which place he settled private land claims; 1885, resumed practice of law; 1859, visited Ein-ope; i860, returned to Illinois; i860, elector at large on Breckenridge ticket; stumped Illinois and Wisconsin; 1S61, returned to California where he resumed legal practice; strong supporter of Union; became Republican leader of Cahfornia; 1S64, delegate to Republican National Convention at Balumore; member of General Assembly

stitutional Convention;

of California;

Bateman and

died at San Francisco, December 6, 186S (Palmer, Boich and Bar of Illinois; Selby, Uisiorical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 1905; Blue Booh of Illinois, 1905).

' In selling or mortgaging depot lands at Cairo, the governor was empowered to reserve the right of occupancy to any person resident theron for a period not exceeding three years I\Ir. Dougherty reported that it was impracticable to {La-ios of Illinois, 1842-43, 203). make leases advantageous to the state, and demanded no compensation {Illinois House

Reports, 1844-45, 150).

'Thomas Reynolds: born ]March 12, 1796. Jn Bracken County, Kentucky; 1S17, house admitted to bar; "emigrated to Illinois about same time; 181S-22, clerk of lower Court of General Assembly; August 31, 182-^—January 19, 1S25. chief justice of Supreme Fayette, Howard lUinois; 1826-28, representative in General Assembly; 1828, removed to 1841-44. County, Missouri; member of INlissouri legislature; circuit judge in Missouri; governor of J.Iissouri; Am-erican Biography).

February

9,

1844,

committed suicide

{.Yolional Cyclopaedia of

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

66 ing the arrest

and dolivery

Richard Ecls^ which communication

of

assure your excellency shall receive from

which

ate consideration

be notilicd

shall

to

you

its

at

me

the careful

importance requires; earliest

tlie

I

and

I

dis})assion-

the result of which

momeni.

have the honor to be

Your

Excellencies

[sic]

Alost

Obedient Servant

Thomas Ford Springfield April 17 1843

Messrs Oakley Gentlemen:

& I

Ryan,

have not obtained any money for you as

&

send you a draft on the Farmers I

am

The

just advised

Bank

yet,

but I

of Baltimore

where

by my agent Mr. Levering I have money deposited. drawn before you can draw this.

residue wdll be

I also desire tain

IMerchants

upon

you

to see

Messrs Ruggles

wliat terms they will give

up

to

& Howe you

all

of

N. Y. and ascer-

the papers in relation

to the business of the State in their hands, consisting as I

Bank

of a draft of the City

Bank I

of Tojiaw^anda

of Buffalo

and other papers relatmg

have been informed that

decreed them a

certain,

sum

of

tlie

infoi-med the

to the Delaiield affair.

Vice Chancellor of

money

am

drawn on and accepted" by

for their fees,

New York

has

and that they hold

those papers to secure payment.

you to make an arrangement wdth them to and when you get the Tonawanda draft, get as much of the money on it as you can and pay them the amount of their demand, I hereby authorise

get the papers

* Richard Eells (Eels): bom February 25, 1800, in Barkhamsted, Connecticut; September 4, 1826, married Miss Jane Bestor, at Simsbury, Connecticut; 1830, removed to Quincy, Illinois, where he was actively engaged as a physician; radical anti-slavery man and active in the "underground raihoad"; made defendant for many suits brought against him for aiding escaped negroes; one time, at least, Dr. Eells was caught while conducting a fugitive from his jiomc in Qu'iiQ'- to the next station of the "railroad"; the case was finally settled in the Supreme Court of the United States; many expensive trials and law suits at last impoverished Dr. Eells to such an extent that he even lost his large brick residence in Quincy; persecuted by the radical pro-slavery men, he fled to Chicago in mid-v,'inter; 1846, candi.late for governor of Illinois on "Liberty party" ticket, receiving 5,154 votes; was pronu"nent member of Congregational Church at Quincy; one of the

founders of the Mission Institute near that city; died October, 1S46, while journeying to the East, and is buried at Simsbury, Connecticut (Rev. Dudley Eells, Payson, lilinois, private letter to editor; Blue Book oj JlHiiois; Asburj', Reminiscences of Quincy, Illinois). » April ?3, 1839, John Delafield bought 300 $1,000 bonds, upon which he paid $150,000 but refused to pay the balance. In prosecuting the claim a law firm, Ruggles & Howe, was employed by the state. Afterward a misunderstanding regarding the fees arose.

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, Al^RIL

1843

17,

67

and if you cannot get the money immediately, make such an arrant^ement that Riif^^gles and PTowe will l^c sure to get their money when it is obtained; but do not pay them one cent until all the papers in their shah be delivered.

possession

Attorney for the State.

M. Reynolds Esqr empower you to settle Nevins Sz Townsend in relation

Consult

I herein^

Tonawanda

to the

also

residue of the

—

I.

them and also against draft and delivery of the papers. authorise you to make an arrangement

the suits against

I

vritli

authorise and

money obtained on

am informed

to

that draft with Price,

dcposite the

Ward &

King.

Mr. Reynolds has been kind enough to be security for costs for the State and intend enough of that balance to be retained so as completely to secure him his fees, and also to pay him for his services I

that

as the Attorney of the State.

account of

tlie

that there

is

wanda

draft

I

wish Air. Reynolds

me a full am informed

to write

present state of our business in his hands.

I

Tonayou can get the two thousand dollars over and above

now^ ready about $10. or 12.000. to be paid on the

and

if

&

Howe, you may take that money and return me the draft, or if you should deem it advisable to collect the Baltimore draft you can deposite the amount with Mcsser Price, what

will

pay Mess Ruggles

Ward & King, subject to my order. The draft on Baltimore is for New York funds, for in such money the Bank there has engaged to pay. W^hen you receive the money send me your account and receipt for the

same in due form for a voucher

for the Auditor to issue his warrant.

Respectfully Yours

Thomas Ford The President, Directors and Company of the Farmers and I\Ierchants Bank Baltimore at sight will pay Charles Oaldey and J\[ichacl Ryan or order the sum of two thousand dollars in New York funds current in the City of

New York

and charge the same

to

my

account.

Springfield Illinois April 17th 1S43 Tiio:iiAs

Ford

United Statks of America State of

Thomas Ford Governor of me vested, reposing especial I

in

Illin^ois the State of JlHnois trust

by

and conlidcnce

virtue of authority

in the

honor intcg-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

68 rity

and capacity

of Col. diaries Oakley,

Ryan, one of the Senators

and the Honorable

I\Iichael

of this State in the General Asseml^ly,

do by

these presents appoint

them

my

to negotiate a loan of

One

million six hundred thousand dollars at a

agents on behalf of the Stale of Illinois

rate of interest not exceeding six per cent per

and Michigan Canal,

of the Illinois

its tolls,

annum,

on a pledge

solely

revenues and lands belong-

ing thereto, according to the terms and conditions of an act entitled ''An act to provide for the completion of the Illinois for the

payment

of the

in the year of our

and

Lord one thousand

eight

hundred and

pursuance of the following rules and regulations,

The

ist

of

in

and Michigan Canal and Canal debt," approved February the twenty-first

Oakley and Ryan

said

will give the preference to the holders

Canal bonds and other evidences of indebtedness issued

pose of completing the said Canal; and for that purpose

Oakley and Ryan of

will

endeavor

to procure a

Canal bonds or other indebtedness, or

New York

forty three;

to wit:

meeting of

for the pur-

tliey,

the said

such holders

all

their authorized agents, either

London; and ascertain the by each, and if it shall appear that there are present at sucli m.eeting a number of holders of bonds and other indebtedness and to such an amount that they will be willing to

in the City of

number and amount

or in the City of

of indebtedness held

subscribe for the whole loan of

One

million six

hundred thousand

dollars,

then the said Oakley and Ryan are to apportion the said loan amongst

them

in proportion to the

aforesaid, held

by each

amount

of

of canal

bonds or other indebtedness

them, and permit and require

to subscribe for such loan according to such proportion 2.

If the

Canal bond holders

aforesaid for

thirt)'

of

shall neglect or refuse to subscribe as

days after notice of their right

scribing, then the said

eo,ch holder

and not otherwise.

Oakley and Ryan

Canal bonds or other evidence

will

to a priority in sub-

permit any

otlier

holders

of indebtedness as aforesaid to sub-

scribe for said loan according to the foregoing regulation;

and

if

such

other holders of Canal l)onds or other evidence of indebtedness shall fail

or refuse to take the whole of such loan within ten days thereafter,

then the said Oakley and

body

Ryan

are to permit any other person or persons,

politic or corporate to subscribe for

loan as

may remain

and take so much

of the said

unsubscribed for by such holders of bonds or other

evidence of hidebtedness as aforesaid. of Canal bonds or other 3. At the time of subscril)ing Ijy any holders evidence of indebtedness as aforesaid he will be required to tile with

FORD'SlLETTER-IiOOK, APRIL

13,

1843

69

and Ryan as agents of the Governor of this State a brief bonds or other evidence of indebte(hiess as aforesaid held by him, by the number, sum, date and time of payment of each, by whom signed and to whom made payable and eacli sul)scriber shall the said Oakley

description of such

be entitled

to

one vote for each share of one thousand dollars of stock

held by him, in the election of trustees. 4.

The money

be required

to

may

subscribed

the United States.

But

pay the

if

be paid at any place in England or in

paid in England, then each subscriber shall

full

amount subscribed,

in such funds as shall

be at par at the place where the same shall be paid, so that the fund

by such loan shall have the benefit of the difference of excliauge between Illinois and England, and in such case all such sums of money shall be repaid in England in funds which shall be at par in England. constituted

But

if

such loan shall be subscribed for to be paid in

a.ny place in the

United States of America or other country, then the same shall be paid in such funds as shall

be

at

par at such place of payment and shall be

repaid in hke funds.

And

I

do hereby

said Agents, recited act,

which

and

ratify

shall

and confirm

be according

the rules

all

the acting

and doings

to the provisions of the

of

my

above

and do

and regulations herein contained;

recognize their said acts to be as fully binding upon the State of Illinois as

if

I

were personally present acting and doing thereof myself. In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed affixed the great Seal of the State of Illinois.

(L. S.) in said State this Seventh

day

of

One thousand eight hundred and

March

my name and

Done

at Springfield

in the year of

our Lord

forty three.

TnoMAS Ford

Executive Department Springfield, April

To

13,

1843

His Excellency Thomas Reynolds, Governor of the State of IMissouri, Sir:

A

great press of ofiicial business of an urgent character, has me from answering, at large, the various matters

hitherto prevented

contained in your esteemed favor of

have availed myself of the

communication,

all the;

first

tlie

25th of iSlarch

last.

But, I

interval of leisure, to bestow upoji your

careful and dispassionate consideration wliich

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

70

the importance of the subject, and the high respect entertained for

my

your excellency, demand at

And

me

permit

me,

])y

hands.

no one feels more deeply than and maiiitaining amongst the States Union, the utmost harmony and reciprocal regard for each other's to assure you, that

myself, the obligation of promoting of this

The

rights.

people of this State recognize in the fullest manner, the

perfect right of the people of Missouri, to in relation to persons

make and execute such laws, their own jurisdiction, as

and property, within

may seem good

to themselves, without any interference on our part, making or executing those laws. This is tlie disposition and feeling of nin[e]ty nine out of evei7 one hundred of our citizens; wdio look with indignation and a]:)horrence upon

either in

conduct of an incendiary and misguided few amongst

tlie

interfered,

and

of the people of jMissouri, to a class of persons there erty

by the constitution and laws

feeling, I myself, fully participate It

us, wlio

have

are disposed to continue that interference, with the right

of

your

made

private prop-

In that disposition and

State.

with the great mass of the people

cannot be, therefore, that I could be indisposed to exert

lawful power, which the constitution and

tlie

liere.

all

the

laws have put into

my

hands, to redress any injury which a citizen of this State

may

inflict

upon

a citizen of Missouri, in ]-egard to a peculiar species of property secured to

I I

peo]:)le by their laws. With these principles steadily in my view, and animated, as I think am, by a just appreciation of the rights of the people of both States,

your

now proceed to answer your The document which you

Exellency's communication. are pleased to quote as a proclamation of

mine, was intended merely as a simple statement of evidence sul^mitted to

fully

proved;

of inference,

which

I

am

therein contained

is

to the cliaracter of •justice,

it

is

my

it is

true,

tluit

upon any

which are stated

on by me,

warrant theretofore issued.

And

offensive to any citizen of Missouri;

if

and

as a justi-

any thing

or derogatory

your courts, for a due and faithful administration

wish that such subjects should

of offence, or of controversy.

ences, in

which the

perfectly willing to relinquish;

whicli were not necessary or intended to be relied fication for revoking the

facts,

and was never intended as an

In that document are matters,

argument.

by way

me

Ije

I therefore cheerfully

document, which may be construed

citizen or tribunal in 3^our State.

in

of

no longer a matter withdraw

all infer-

any wise as reflecting

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, APRIL The

case

simply

tlien, is

An

this:

count)/, Missouri, in the montli of

1843

13,

71

indictment was found in Lewis

November

last,

against one Ricliard

Negro slave, from a citizen of your State. It was that Eels was a fugitive from justice, and had escaped to

Eels,^ for stealing a

alledged

[sic]

the State of Illinois.

Your Excellency, being applied

to,

made

a requisition upon the

Executive authority of this State, for the arrest and delivery of Eels, to the authorities of Missouri, to

the requisition;

and

A copy by your Excellency, accompanied

be tried on that indictment.

of the indictment certified as authentic,

in that requisition,

your Excellency

appears by the record of that indictment, that Eels

and that

justice;

it

is

states, that

it

a fugitive from

had been suggested to you, that he had fled to Illinois. tlie accompanying copy of the indictment, were

This requisition and presented to

me by

Col.

James A. Richardson,

the agent of the State of

Missouri, appointed by your Excellency, to receive the person

when he should be

thereafter arrested.

for the arrest of Eels, I interrogated

identity of the person charged

me

And

demanded

before I issued the warrant

your accredited agent, as

and sought

to

be arrested.

to the

lie assured

was one Doct Richard Eels of the City of Quincy in this was not pretended that it was any other person. The warrant was duly issued and put into his hands. But subsequently, I was furnished with a great mass of written testimony, too voluminous to be set forth in this letter, which completely satisfied me; and which in my judgment, was sufficient to rivet conviction in the mind of any that

State.

it

It

other person, that Doct. Richard Eels of Quincy aforesaid, the person

pointed out and identified to

me by

your accredited agent, as the indi-

vidual charged with the offence, and intended to be arrested, was wholly

innocent of the charge;

and that not having been

in Missouri for the

space of two years, and particularly, about the time the offence alledged [sic] and understood to have been committed, he could not have been a fugitive

from

there.

Being, as he was, a practicing physician, and

therefore, being all the time publicly about in the city, your p:xcellency

an

it was no hard matter for him to prove most conclusive evidence; and in the same manner by

not be surprised to learn, that

will

alil.i,

by

tlie

proving himself to have been

all

the time within the State of Illinois,

to establish l)cyond contradiction, that he could not

from

justice in ]\Iissouri.

have been a fugitive

This evidence being furnished me,

1

hesitation in revoking the warrant granted for his apprehension. '

Sec note

i,

aiilc,

66.

felt

no

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

72

In so doing,

it

my

was not

intention to determine the questioji of his

guilt or innocence, except incidently

[sic],

so far as the question of guilt

was

necessarily connected with the personal identity of the individual charged,

and

the evidence to estai)lish the negative proposition that he

witl'i

You

a fugitive from justice.

7iof

Court of

New

York, in

matter of Clark, to prove that

tlie

in Missouri,

an indictment

is,

by

was

quote the decision of the supreme

tlie

tlie

record of

Constitution of the United States,

same faith and credit in the State of Illinois, as it is entitled and from thence you infer, that if Eels had been arrested in Missouri; as no court could have enquired into his guilt or innocence, except upon a final trial; so no court or authority here could enquire into the same facts without giving less credit to the indictment, than it is entitled to by tlie Constitution of the United States. to

have

tlie

to in Missouri;

If

it

were necessary

to controvert

your position,

in

wdnch

it is

would be easy

it

produce another decision of the same court, tho' not

l^y

the

to

same judges,

held that the constitution of the United States in relatioji

to the effect of record evidence,

has no application

to criminal proceed-

ings.

But,

am

it is,

apprehend, wholly unnecessary to discuss

I

perfectly contented with the

between

tion

that

us,

law as you

assert

appears to be, then, simply

Doct Eels was not a

fugitive

from

or disparaging any record of your State

Your Excellency

will

remember

this: I'^Iay

it

this point, I

And

to be.

it

the ques-

not be determined

without contradicting

justice,

?

that the constitution and laws of

the United States, require in a case like the present, not only that a charge

should be made, but that the indi^^dual charged should have

The one

justice.

is

pleased to remcm1)er that you have not furnished

whatever,

from

either this or

tliat

tion

oppears by the accompanying record of

But upon referring to whatever, that any person had

tlie

indictment that Eels

that record I find no hint or insinua-

from

fled

INIissouri.

tlie

further statement, that

it

with which

I

denv then

have been furnished, of the (ruth tliat

Richard

lu-ls,

This l^y

had been suggested

the said Richard Eels had fled to the State of Illinois,

To

be

with any evidence

your Excellency, (which \vas evidently a mistake showji

record) and

from

any other Richard Eels had escaped or fled your Excellency states,

was a fugitive. of

me

fled

will also

It is true, that the requisition of

T\Iissouri.

tliat it

You

just as necessary as the other.

who was

is all

recital

your own

to

you (hat

the evidence

of this imi)ortant fact.

identified to

me by

the agent

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, APRIL of

18^3

13,

73

Missouri as the person charged with the offence, was a fugitive from not to deny the truth of any record of Aiissouri; nor in fact

justice, is

the truth of any other evidence furnished

There may have been two men bidden by the constitution the indictment, the

most

and

this suggestion, I

persons,

was a highly that

he

tlie

may

who found

am

I

for-

that indictment,

designated to to

my

l)y

me by your

that

agent.

was informed by

I

honored predecessor

of

is,

was another

be understood as reflecting

But

your State.

mere statement and assurance

of

and perhaps the proper

upon Cob Richardson, who,

respectai)le citizx-n of

I

in

ofiice,

do mean

to say,

a person, however respectable

upon which a pubHc functionary is great moment to the liberty of a citizen. Nor

be, is not sufficient evidence

such evidence that

The

man

do not wish

and particularly

obliged to act in a matter of is it

if

guihy- of larceny, as chaiged, but tliat he

in the slightest degree

many

your State.

same name and

cliaritablc conclusion,

Richard Eels from the

different

In making

is

me by

United States to dispute the truth

of the

one, in justice to the grand jury

sowe Richard Eels

of the

it

can not be contradicted.

only evidence before

me

to

prove that

this

Richard Eels was the

person wdio stood charged by the indictment, and that he had fled from justice,

was, as I have said, the recital in the requisition by your Excel-

record showed to be a mistake on your

lency,

which a reference

part;

the further statement that

was a

fugitive;

to the

it

had been suggested

Excellency has not declared your

own

you that Eels

to

which suggestion might, or might not be

as your

true;

and the assur-

belief of the fact;

ance of Col. Richardson, that Doct. Eels of Quincy aforesnid, Vvas the

person charged in the indictment and that he had this State.

In

all this I

would be conclusive on the questions

And

fled

can perceive nothing which of identity

and

from

justice to

in adif^puted case

fleeing

from

justice.

yet your Excellency will readily perceive that evidence of identit}-,

in a case

where identity

is

disputed,

is

absolutely essential to

make

tlie

person sought to be arrested the subject matter of the charge; and evidence of fleeing from justice would be just as essential to bring the case within the constitution and laws of the United States.

mean

to say, that

case of a is

no

demand

positive evidence of identity for a fugitive criminal.

But

I

is

I

do not

necessary in every

apprehend that there

(luestion, but that evidence relating to the personal identity of the

accused, would be heard on the return of a writ of habeas corpus, by the courts of both this State,

and

of thj State of :\Iissouri.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

74

But the question may be asked, why not suffer the arrest to be inadc, and then leave tlie matter to be decided Ijy the courts of Justice on a The obvious answer to tliis, seems to jje, that writ of habeas Corpus ? every executive warrant of arrest contains a

sought to be apprehended courts might have

sovereign

a

discrection

no authority

to

enquire

an

granting

in

State,

—can enquire into nothing;

recital, tliat the indivifUial

tj-uth of

which allegation the

Nor, can the afhrma-

into.

question be maintained, unless

tive of this

of

a fugitive, the

is

we assume

that the Governor

executive

warrant, has no but acts merely in a ministerial

capacity.

The making It

Constitution of the United States the arrest.

is silent,

as to the agent in

does not impose this duty upon the Governor.

It

simply provides that

person charged in any State with treason,

^'a

who shall flee from justice, and be found in anotlicr on demand of the Executive authority of the State from

felony or other crime; State, shall

whicli he fled, be delivered up, to be

removed

to the State

having juris-

diction of the crime."

Thus, the constitution does upon; nor docs

it

impose

rant for the apprehension of

by

tlie

make

after legislation, to

}iot

say

who

as a duty of the

it,

fugitive.

demand

Governor

But

is to l)e

made

to issue his

leaves

it

war-

to Congress,

provision for carrying this clause of the

Congress has done

Constitution into effect.

the

so,

by

their act of Fel). 12,

This act provides that when ever the Executive authority

1793.

any State

of this

justice, of tlie

Union, shall

demand any person

as a fugitive

of

from

Executive authority of any such State, and shall moreo\'er

produce the copy of an indictment found, charging the person so

demanded

v/ith

having committed treason, felony or other crime,

fied as authentic

by the Governor

so charged iled, to cause

&c.

Thus you

an act it

of

from

certi-

Vv'hence the person

or her to be arrested, secured and delivered

see, that this

duty was imposed upon the Governor

JDy

Congress; and that Congress could just as well have devolved

upon some

officer of the

fered to give the of

him

of the State

power

a sovcrign State.

United States Government.

to the

No

But they pre-

Governor, the highest Executive authoiity

doubt, but that Congress well considered the

Constitutional and political character and functions of the oihcer to

whom power was given, They

well

knew

and whose duties were intended to be regulated. and independent,

that the States were sovereign

so far as not restrained ]jy the federal Constitution;

and

that the Cover-

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, APJUL

18^3

13,

75

same, were co-ordinate branches of their respective Govern-

iiors of the

ments, invested with the high power of seeing the laws duly executed;

a power, the proper exertion of wliich must necessarily involve the

and sound discretion in numljcrless instances. And it was the intention of Congress to reduce this high functionary to a mere ministerial automaton, in the discharge of

exercise of a wise is it to

a

be contended that

duty of vital interest to the liberty and happiness of the people over

whom

he

The

is

called to preside

opinion

in selecting the

is

?

exceedingly predominant in

Governor of a sovereign

responsible to the federal

my

mind, that Congress

State, neitlier ajipointed by, nor

Government;

and whose duties frequently

in preference to one of their

in\'olve the highest discretion;

wliom they could absolutely command; intended, that he power, and perform

cise this

political character;

manner

and homogeneous with

This opinion

duties.

this duty, in a

own

befitting his

laiown

the discharge of his other

greatly strengthened, by reflecting

is

oflicers,

sliould exer-

upon

the

nature and character of a State Government, whose highest Executi\'e

not be disputed at this day that the States are sov-

officer

he

ereign

and independent, so

stitution

It will

is.

the United

of

far as tliey are not restrained

States.

would be greatly crippled,

if

by

the

Con-

This sovereignty and independence

not anniliilated

if

Congress, in numerous

instances, should invoke the agency of Governors of the States for the

accomplishment divest

them

and could at the same time reduce mere mechanical, ministeral capacity; and totally judgement [sic] and discretioji in performing their high

of federal purposes:

theiu to act in a of all

behests.

In

all

cases where Congress have conferred jurisdiction upon the

State judiciary, another co-ordinate branch of the State Governments,

Supreme Court of the United States has repeatedly decided, that it was optional Vvuth the State Courts, VN^iether they would take jurisdiction or not: and I cannot perceive why Congress has not as much power tlie

to

command

a State Ecgislature, what law to pass in order to carry out

some principle or power of the federal Constitution, as to command the Governor, The two arc equally co-ordinate brandies of the same so\-ereign State Government; neither of them appointed by, or amenaljle to the federal

government; and

tlic

independence of

])oth necessary to

be preserved, in order to preserve the independence of the States, wliose oflicers

and servants Ihey

are.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

76

This however,

The

is

a question which I do not wish to raise or rely upon.

sort of Executive discretion

to set the

law

mine upon the merits iar circumstances,

and

State;

Ijy

me,

is Jiot

to

of each particular case, according to its

whether

a discretion

judge and deter-

own

pecul-

has been brought within the true meanini^ of the Cunstitution of the United States.

spirit

The

contended for

but a discretion to enquire,

at defiance;

first

and

it

and highest duty

Governor,

of a

this position is in perfect

is to

the people of his

own

accordance with the benevolence

and charity which should characterize the intercourse among mankind; that which

is

nearest

and sympathy. is

home having

This

the

first

claim to our aid, protection,

not only a principle of nature and morals, but also the very foundation of our political system. The State Governis

ments were erected upon tered. States,

this principle, and so intended to be adminiswas foreseen that central Government, representing all the would feel no such sympathy for local interests as would insure It

a perfect protection for persons and property in each individual State. For this reason the State Governments have ever been esteemed the

most competent

The Governor of course is Government whose principal do not mean by this that the Governor is to

for local administration.

to act in accordance with the genius of the

Executive

ofiicer

he

is.

I

screen the guilty from punishment.

attempting to punish the guilty,

own

alike call

is

not protection.

But

in

fall

State appeals to

Nature and Morals, and the is,

This

ought to take care that the blow

upon innocence. When [an] innocent him for protection, the principles of genius of the Government whose organ he

intended for crime, shall not citizen of his

lie

on him not

to with hold his hand.

Congress could, undoubtedly, have vested the power of issuing a

warrant for the apprehension of a fugitive criminal in the president the United States;

or in

They have not done

so.

of such a power, in such an officer, would, of

many hard

as

would be

most probably, be productive

cases of injustice and oppression.

avoid this evil no

dou]:)t,

of

some other oflicer of the federal Government. They must have foreseen that the investment

They

therefore to

preferred to give this povrer to such an officer

directly j-csponsible to,

and peculiarly the representative of and who would necessarily feel

the individual sought to be arrested;

a more tender concern for the rights and liberties of the people of his

own State. Upon what

principle then

is it,

the

Governor

is

to be deprived of all

FORD'S LETTJZR-BOOK, APRIL discretion

and judgement

[sic]

in the

13,

performance of

1843

this

77

imporlanl duty

?

made a blind instrument to oppress one of his fellow citizens? To be made a mere tool in the liands of a neighboring State to spirit away an innocent person to l)e put to great expense, to be vexed Plow

is

he to be

harrassed and imprisoned, to be transported al^road from his family and

home, merely that the Courts of a neighboring State may have the faction of declaring

him innocent

Your Excellency complains not been confided in by me. fullest

that the judicial

Permit

me

produced before them, which was furnished if

power

of IMissouri has

to assure you, that I

confidence in the courts of j\Iissouri; and

a moment but that

satis-

?

to

have the

same evidence were me, I do not doubt for

if

the

the case of Eels should be submitted to a trial before

them, he would be instantly acquitted. If I

have succeeded in establishing

my

right to enquire

whether Eels v/as a fugitive from justice or not, to

your Excellency that I also have some reason

and judge

I respectfully suggest to

complain, that your

Excellency has not confided in the decision of the Executive pov^'cr of this State.

Both the Governor and the Courts, are cising their appropriate functions,

by

all

to

be confided in when exer-

other constituted authorities.

would again assure your Excellency, and through you, tlie people and misguided Sect called Abolitionists, meets with no countenance or encouragement from the people of this I

of Missouri, that the fanatical

State.

At the present, there is no sympathy in their favor in the public mind. But a hard case of oppression; the arrest, imprisonment and transportation of an innocent man, under pretence of suppressing or punishing the excesses of a Sect, might, by needlessly and uselessly creating a popular sympathy in their favor, add to their numbers, swell the inconvenience of their fanaticism to the people of ]\Iissouri; and to

more

difficult to

contend with by those here, who are disposed

make to

it

main-

tain the just rights of your State.

I therefore respectfully request your Excellency to enquire particulai-ly

into

the

have described

case it,

of

policy

Doct.

and

Eels;

and

if

you find

justice alike forbid that

it

such

as

I

your Excellency

If, however, you can find should pursue your demands any further. any respectable testimony, that Eels was a fugitive from justice, so as to

make

the evidence already furnished on the other side of the question

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLIGATIONS

78

at all doubtful, I of evidence

may

am

ready

another warranty so that (he conllict

to issue

be judicially determined. I

have the honor

to be, very respectfully,

Your

ol)edient servant.

Thomas Ford Executive Department Springfield, III. 1843 I, Thomas Ford, Governor of the State of Illinois, do hereby appoint William M. Jackson, ^ of Alclienry County, Ja]nes Mitchell, of Winnebago County, and Gliolson KerchevaV of Sangainon County, as three discreet and skilful persons to go on to the jobs and lettings upon

the Illinois

and Alidiigan Canal, and appraise the actual damage

wliicli

the respective contractors on the said Canal will sustain in being deprived of their contracts;

and

being duly sworn before some justice of

after

the peace, the oath to be endorsed hereon, to proceed in

making

said

appraisal according to such rules and regulations as shall be prescribed

by me, and

shall

accompany

this

appointment.

In testimiony whereof I have hereunto

my hand

and

[c caused

set

the great seal of

Illinois lo be] affixed

TnojL\s Ford

Directions to Appraisers of Damages on the Canal. 3

The 1st.

damages appointed under

appraisers of

Canal law,

late

They

will

observe

will assess

whom

damages

might have made had they finished William

M.

Jrirl;?on:

in favor of

and deliver a writing under

allowing any prospective

tlie

any person

until the

the contract has been regularly trans-

their consent that such appraisal of

'

the 17th Section of

following rules—

no damages

contractors, or person to ferred, shall execute

tlic

damages or

profits

their

shall

be

hand

signifying

made without

which the contractors

their jobs.

1814-46, representative in General Assembly (Blue Book of

Illinois, 1905). * Gbolson Kcrcbeval: May 3, 1832, elected captain of militia of town of Chicago; 1838-40, representative in General Assembly; March 2, 1S.13, received ig votes in joint ballot of General Assembly for auditor (Blue Book of Illinois, 1905).

'This commission was authorized by act of General Asseml)ly, February' 21, 1843 (Laws of Illiuois, 1842-43, 60). Assessed damages to the \'alue of f287,727.43 {Illinois House Reports, i8,j4-45, 150). See on!e, lx\^i, n.

i

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK,

And

also all persons

section of the

contract

last

be

of the

produced.

I

of the case different

Board, yet

rule

'J^his

Winter; and altho'

understand the facts

by the president

claim the benefit of the 16

&

17

in signing such a consent.

are to be assessed in favor of any person unless a

shall

Mr. Morris' report

by

who could

Canal law must join

No damages

written

tors

79

All persons claiming benefit under any contract will be required

2.

to join

3.

1843

am

founded upon

is

aware that the contrac-

from what they are reported

all pul^lic officers

are to be governed

reports of other public officers in preference to information

official

otherwise derived. 4.

and

The damages

5.

after the 6.

the

to

be allowed

will

be for ^Machinery on

tlic

back per centage and scaieage, only. No damages w4il i)e allowed for Alachinery remaining on

Canal,

for

completion of a contract, or wltliin a

No damages

owner

will

be allowed for the

trifle of

the line

being fmished.

value of Machinery unless

full

will first execute a bill of sale to the State for,

and put the

acting Canal Commissioner in possession of the same. 7.

The

Contractors

may have

up

the option to give

may

possession of the Alachinery to the State, or they

the

title

and

retain the same,

damages awarded to them; made up of the difference work stopped and the value of it now. 8. No damages for Machinery wdll be allowed to Contractors who stopped work for any other cause tlian want of payment by tlie

and have

partial

of its value at the time the

State. 9.

In estimating damages for j\Iachinery the appraisers must not

rely solely

on the evidence produced, but must

themselves, and determine according to their all

see the machinery, for

own

best judgment

upon

the sources of information accessible to them. 10.

In estimating the damages for back percentage and scaleage,

the appraisers will judge according to the legal effect of the contracts

produced and the estimates

to

be furnlslied by the Chief J:Lngineer and

Acting Commissioner. 11.

The damages under each

and scaleage, must

head, of Machinery, l)ack percentage,

be sepai-ately stated

by the Appraisers.

12. If any appeal shall be taken, the Appraisers will report

to the 13.

Governor with all The Acting Commissioner

damages on

tlic

same

other proceedings

the part of the State,

will

supciintend the assesstncnt of

and

will

procure

all

the evidcjice in

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL:cOLLECTIONS

8o

power

his

State has

also ^vitncsses in favor of the State.

In important cases, the Acting Commissioner

14.

The.

to appeal.

Hugh Henderson,

of

and

to produce;

no right

whom

Esvq.

I

will call in tlie aid

have requested in such cases to

attend as Counsel for the State.

Tno.AiAs FoR]j>

The

M. B. of

May,

appraisers aforesaid will meet at Lockport on the 3rd

1843, and will be allowed three dollars and

fifty

Monday

cents per day,

each.

Thomas Ford In each case the Appraisers if

any, and also their

own

vv^ill

opinions,

report the substance of the evidence,

upon

view.

Thomas Ford United States of America, State of Illinois.

Know

all

men by

Fund Commissioner^ by the laws

That

these presents,

of the State of Illinois,

I,

one of the United States

of said State, in

Thomas of

pursuance

Ford, Governor

America, and ex-officio

of authority in

me vested

do nominate, constitute and appoint, and by these presents have nominated, constituted, and appointed Col. Charles of said State,

Oakley and the Hon. Michael Ryan

of said State,

my

true

and

lav/ful

and the tme and lawful attorneys of the said State of Illinois, for me and in my name and st3de as aforesaid for the use of the said State, to ask, and demand, sue for and recover of any and all persons whatsoattorneys,

ever in the

kingdom

of

Great Britain, and Ireland, and more particularly

John Wright cS: Co. late of the City money which may be coming to, or due

of the assignee or assignees of

London, any sum or sums the said State of Illinois in the

hands

names he

of

from the Estate

of the said

of the said assignee or assignees

or they

may

be known.

And

I

sary, or required

and

*

of

fully to discharge, acquit

from force,

and other vouchers

by the laws

all

further

payment

4,

to

Co.

all

fully authorize

my

such receipts acquit-

or writings, which

may

be neces-

England, or (he rules of court, effectually

and release the said assignee or assignees

of the

same.

And

I

do here])y

fully authorize

ex-ojiicio fund commissioner by acl of legislature, approved and in 1843 (Laws of Illinois, 1842-43, 147-48).

Governor m;ulc

March

&

by whatsoever name or

do hereby

said attorneys to make, execute, seal, and deliver, tances, discharges,

John Wright

of

MAY

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK,

15,

1843

81

and empower my said attorneys, to settle with and pay all tlic ofriccrs Court in England, for their legal fees and demands properly charge-

of

able against the said State of Illinois, or assignees,

any growing out

if

of

including the said assignee

proceedmgs

in

Bankiuptcy against

John AVright & Co. And I do further fully authorize my said Attorneys to do and perform all such other acts and tilings as may be necessary and proper to be done, according to the laws and customs of England, and the rules of Court, to enable them, my said attorneys, to the said

receive the distributive share

&

John Wright

of

the State of Illinois in the estate of

Co. Bankrupts, as afore-said; and to do and perform

all

other acts and things necessary to accomplish any of the purposes

for

which

power

this

and confirm

all

And

of attorney is m.ade.

the actings

and doings

of

my

I

do hereby

fully ratify

said attorneys as fully

binding on m^e and the said State of Illinois in the premises as acting

and doing

In testimony whereof I have hereunto

set

my hand

I

were

and caused

Done

the great Seal of the State of Illinois to be affixed. (L.S.) Springfield in said State, this fifteenth of our

if

thereof my-sclf.

Lord one thousand

day

at

of i\Iay in the year

eight hundred and forty- three.

Thomas Ford Governor

Springfield

Messrs. Ryan I send State

you a power

from the

May

15,

1843

& Oakley

estate of

of

may be due

Attorney to receive whatever

Wright

The form which you speak

&

Co.

I

of as having

hope

it

may be

the

proper form.

in

been furnished from England

has never been in any of the offices here, and cannot be found.

If it

Gov. Carlin on that subject. you receive the money under this power, I wisli you

have not time to write

I

to

to dispose of

as follows. I have been infoi-med that tlierc

Messrs. ELope at that time, ])e

&

Co.,

remains unpaid

'

I

a balance of interest unpaid,

due them July ist-iS4T.^ it is

paid, in order to put Alessrs.

creditors.

is still

tlierefore direct,

no more

Hope that

Interest on public debt ceased July

&

any

than justice that

it

interest

due

should

now

Co. upon an equality with other

you cnqinrc

i, 1.8 }i,

If

partial

inU)

tlie

matter, and

payment u-sumed July

i, 1846.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

82

pay

Hope

to Messrs.

and reimburse them State,

I

if

am

on the

cK:

all

Co.

all

due tliem on the

interest

moneys whieh

tliey

may

ist July, i.S^i,

ha\'e advancecl for tlie

any, to pay interest due at that time. also informed tliat Alagniac

ist July, 1841,

and Jardine or

advanced money

AIa^.^niae

to assist in

due at that time, and thus for the time saved the credit you to enquire into the facts of tlx^ir claim, and

desire

above stated, they ouglrl

to

be paid and

I

and Smitli

paying the interest of the State. if

accordin;T;ly

you

llnd

it

I

as

authorize you

pay them.

to

I

am

not aware ol any other claims standing upon the same footing,

and I according direct that you deposite the residue of the money received,

if

remain until it

my

any, to I

credit in the

Bank

of

England, where

can enquire and be advised what ouglit

to

it

he done

sludl witli

consistently with the honor of the State I

am

most

res})ectfully

Thomas Ford

To I,

all to

whom

Presents

tliese

may come,

Tliomas Ford, Governor of the State of North America, send Greeting:

of Illinois, in the

United States

Whereas, by a contract or memorandum of agreement bearing date on or about the Twenty second day of August, one thousand eiglit hundred and thirty nine and made or expressed to be made between Closes Marshall Rawlings

of Shav.-neetow]i in the

State of Illinois and Charles

well in the State of Illinois

Oakley

of

County

of Gallatin in the said

Tj-emont in the County of Taze-

Gentlemen being a majority

Commissioners duly elected

])y

of the then

of Illinois at the Session held for the said State for the years

thirty nine for the

one thou-

and one thousand eight hundred ])urposes declared and set forth in an act of tlie

sand eight hundred and

and

Fund

the General Assemjjly of the said State

thirty eight

Legislature or General Assembly of the said State of Illinois, entitled

"An

act to esta1)lish

ment" and two ther to amend etta Street of

and maintain a general system

of Internal

Improve-

certain acts supplemental to the said act, and an act far-

John Wright of HenriCounty of Middlesex and Kingdom Messieurs Wright and Comi)any Bankers,

the said act of the one part and

Covent Garden

Great Britain of the hrm

in the of

on behalf of himself and copartners

of the other part.

The

said

Moses

FORD'S LETTI-:R- BOOK/IMA Y

i6,

83

18.^3

Marshall Rawlings and Charles Oakley as such niajorlly

Fund Commissioners

of the said

made arrangement \vith the late House or firm of John Wright and Company for the sale of Bonds or Certificates as aforesaid

denominated Bonds Improvement Stock for tiie total sum

of the State of Illinois

Internal

thousand dollars or three hundred and dred pounds Sterling

Britisli

money,

or Certificates of Illinois of

one million

thirty seven

hundred

five

thousand

five

hun-

suljject to the provisions in the said

contract or agreement expressed and contained.

And whereas

[in] piir-

suance of the said agreement, Bonds or Certificates of the said State of Illinois, or Illinois

Internal

Improvement

Stock, to

tiie

amount

afore-

said were accordingly delivered to and deposited with the said Alessieurs

Wright and Company for the sale on account of the State of Illinois as aforesaid and part of such Bonds or Certificates were accordingly sold by the said Alessieurs Wright and Company, And whereas the said Moses Marshall Rawlings and Charles Oakley have ceased to be or to act as

such

Fund Commissioners

Commissioners

Assembly

as aforesaid and the

entitled ''An act to establish

of Internal

Board

of

Fund

elected for the purpose of the said act of the General

Improvement," has ceased

and maintain a general system to exist,

and pursuant

to the

provisions of an act entitled ''An act to provide for the settlement

debts and

liabilities

incurred on

the State of Illinois," the General

Assembly

of the said State,

John Davis Whiteside has been duly of the State of Illinois sole

and whereas a

of

account of Internal Improvements in

fiat in

elected

by

Fund Commissioner

Bankruptcy under the hand

of

the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain has been duly issued against

Anthony George Wright Biddulph[,] John Wright[,] Henry Robinson and Edmund William Jerningham being the persons constituting the said firm of Messieurs Wiiglit and Company under which they have been adjudged and declared Bankrupts, and whereas under or in pursuance an order of the Court of Review in I'mgland bearing date the thirteenth day of January one thousand eiglit hundred and forty two, made in of

Bankruptcy on the petition of the said John Davis Whiteside, a debt of thirty three thousand nine hundred and thirteen pounds nine shillings and eight pence or therealjouts has been proved by or in the name of the said John Davis Whiteside as Fund Commisthe matter of the said

sioner for

and on behalf

of the said

of the said State of Illinois against the estate

Bankrupt.

Now the[se) presents witness that I the said Thomas Ford

as

Governor

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

84

of the said Stale of Illinois for divers

me

good causes and considerations

made ordained constituted and appointed do make constitute and appoint and in my respec-

hereunto moving have

and by these presents tive place

put Col. Charles Oakley and the Hon. Michael Ryan of the my Attorneys for m., in my name as such Gover-

said State of Illinois, as

nor as aforesaid or otherwise on behalf of the said State of

demand

ask

Illinois to

sue for recover and receive of and from the assignee

and effects of the said Anthony George Wriglit Biddulph[,l Jolm \Vright[,] Henry Robinson and Edmund WiUiam Jerningham or any or either of them or of and from any other or assignees for the time being of the estate

person or persons in Great Britain liable or entrusted to pay the same,

all

and every dividend and dividends, sum and sums of money now due or payable or wliich shall or may become due or payable upon or in respect of the said debt proved by or in the name of the said John Davis AVhiteside against the estate of the said Messieurs \Vright

and Company

or otherwise for or on account of the said Illinois Internal

Bonds

or Certificates so delivered

to

or

sold

Improvement by the said i\Iessieurs

Wright and Company as aforesaid and on receipt thereof or of any part or parts thereof to make sign seal execute amd give all necessary and effectual receipts releases

in case of

and discharges wliatsoever for the same and of any part thereof to commence pres-

non-payment thereof or

ent and prosecute or defend any action or actions, suit or suits, petition or petitions or other proceedings whatsoever either in

or in

respect of any of the shall

deem

mise and

expedient.

settle all

Law

or in Equity

by any person or persons whomsoever in matters and tilings aforesaid as my said Attorneys

Bankruptcy against

or

And

also to

examine adjust compound compro-

accounts reckonings claims and demands whatsoever

which are now unsettled Ijctween me or the State of Illinois or the Fund Commissioners or fund Commissioner thereof and the said Bankrupt or their assignees or any of

them

or

any other person or persons

in

Eng-

land touching or respecting or arising out of the said contract or agree-

ment of the Twenty second day of August one thousand eight hundred and thirty nine or the said Illinois Internal Improvement Bonds or Certificates or in

may be

any wise relating thereto and

the l)alancc

if

any which

shall

to

pay or receive as the case

happen

to

be due or payable on

any such accounts and reckonings and to sign and present any petition or })etitions in Bankruptcy and to tender any further or other proof or proofs under the said Fiat or any renewed Fiat against the settlement of

MAY

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, Company

the said Messieurs Wright and

i6,

85

or aj^ainst any oilier person or

persons whomsoever, and also to submit any disputes

may

1843

questions

oi-

v.'liich

any of the matters aforesaid or under the said

arise respecting

contract or agreement of the

Twenty second day

of

August one thou-

sand eight hundred and thirty nine or otherwise in relation

to the matters

and things aforesaid or any of them to arbitration if deemed advisable and to abide by and perform or enforce any award or awards to be made under any such arbitration or arbitrations and poses aforesaid to use the to

name

do perform and execute

all

of

me

for

all

or

any

the said Thomas Ford

of tlie pur-

and generally

other matters and things in and about the

premises as fully and effectually to

all

intents

and purposes as

I the said

Thomas Ford could or might do if personally present. And I the said Thomas Ford do hereby give and grant unto my said Attorneys full power and authority from time to time to constitute and appoint and in their place and stead to put one or more Attorneys or attorney to do execute and perform all or any such matters or things as aforesaid and the

same attorney or attorneys

at pleasure to

remove and another or

others in his or their place or places to substitute. I the said to ratify

Thomas Ford hereby ratifying and confirming and

and confirm

all

and whatsoever my

stitute or substitutes shall or

may

la\vfully

agreeing

said attorneys or their sub-

do or cause

to

be done in or

about the premises by virtue of these presents.

In witness whereof I the said scribed (L. S.) to

my name and caused

Thomas Ford have

hereunto sub-

the great Seal of the State of Illinois

be hereunto affixed at Springfield the scat

of

Government

of

the said State, this sixteenth day of ^lay, one thousand eight

hundred and forty

three.

Tpio]\rAs

I,

To all to whom these presents may come— Thomas Ford, Governor of the State of Illinois of

Ford

in the United States

North America, send Greetings:

Whereas by a contract

or agreement in writing bearing date on or

October one thousand eight hundred and thirty nine and made or expressed to be made between Richard IMartin Young of Quincy in the said State of Illinois Esquire and John Reynolds of about the

thirtieth

Belleville in the

day

same

of

State Esquire (Agents duly apj^ointed

on behalf

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

86

of the saici State of Illinois to ncgociate lars authorized to

[sic]

a loan of Foiir JMillion Dol-

be efTcctcd by the provisions

of a certain

Act of

[the]

Legislature or General Assembly of the said State of Illinois entitled

''An act to pi-ovide for a loan for Canal purposes" approved the twenty third

the

day

February One thousand eight hundred and

of

manner

m the

said act provided) of the

of Henrietta Street

Kingdom

of

Covcnt Garden

in the

Great Britain of the hrm

of

first

County of IMiddlesex and Messrs Wright and Com-

pany Bankers on behalf

of himself

The

Young and John Reynolds

said Richard IMartin

aforesaid

made an

arrangem.ent with

and copartners tlie

thirty nine in

part and Jolm \A'right

said Alessrs

of the other part

as such agents as

Wright and Com-

pany for the sale of Bonds of the said State of Illinois called the Illinois and Michigan Canal Bonds or Stock for the total sum of One million dollars or Two hundred and twenty-five thousand pounds sterling British

money

subject to the provisions in the said contract or agreement

expressed and contained. tract or

and

agreement Bonds

JNxichigan

And

whereas in pursuance of the said con-

of the said State of Illinois called the Illinois

Canal Stock or Bonds

to the

amount

according delivered to and deposited with the said

aforesaid were

I^Iessrs

Wiight and

Company for sale on account of the said State of Illinois as aforesaid. And part of such Bonds were accordingly sold by the said I\Iessrs Wright and Company A.nd wdiereas a fiat in Bankruptcy under the hand of the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain has been duly issued against Anthony George Wright Biddulph[,] John Wright[,] Henry Robinson and Edmund William Jcrningham being tlie persons constituting the said firm of l\iessrs Wright and Company under which they have been adjusted and declared Bankrupts And whereas under or in pursuance of an order of the Court of Re^iew in England Ijcaring date the thirteenth day of January one thousand eight hundred and forty two made in the matter of the said Bankruptcy on the petition of Samuel Jaudon then of Moorgate Street in the City of London, Agent of the Bank of the United States and James jNIorrison of the same place Esquire a debt of Ninlcen thousand seven hundred and seventy six pounds five shillings and eight

pence or thereabouts has been proved by or in the names of the said Samuel Jaudon and James Alorrison as y\ttorneys or Agents for and on behalf of the said State of Illinois against the Instate of the said Bankrupts.

Now

Governor

these Presents witness that I the said Tliomas Ford as

of the said State of Illinois for divers

good causes and con-

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, ^TAY

i6,

1843

87

me hereunto moving Have made ordained consliluled and appointed and ]jy these presents do make ordain constitute and appoint and in my place and stead put Col Charles Oakley and the Hon Michael Ryan, of the said State of Illinois, as ray true and lawful siderations

Attorneys for

me and in my name

as such

Governor as aforesaid or other-

wise on behalf of the said State of Illinois to ask

and receive of and from the estate and effects of

demand

sue for recover

the assignee or assignees for the time being o

the said Anthony George Wright Biddulpli[,] Henry Robinson and Edmund William Jerningham, John or any or either of them or of and from any other person or persons in Great Britain liable or entrusted to pay the same all and every dividend or dividends, sum or sums of money now due or payable or which shall or may become due or payable upon or in respect of the said debt proved by or in the names of the said Samuel Jaudon and James Ivlorrison against the estate of the said ^lessrs Wright and Company or otherwise for or on. account of the said Illinois and Michigan Canal Bonds

Wright[,]

or Stock so delivered to or sold

as aforesaid

and on receipt

sign execute

and

by the said Alessrs Wright and Company

thei-eof or

give all necessary

any part

and

of parts thereof to

make

effectual receipts releases

and

discharges whatsoever for the same and in case of payment thereof or of

any part thereof

to

commence

present and prosecute or defend any

action or actions suit or suits petition or petitions or other proceeding

whatsoever either at

Law

or in Equity or in Bankruptcy against or

any person or persons whomsoever in respect

of

any

of the matters

by

and

And also said Attorneys shall deem expedient. compound compromise and settle all accounts reckonings claims and demands whatsoever which are now unsettled things aforesaid as to examin[e]

between

me

and the

said

my

adjust

Governor as aforesaid of the said State of Illinois Bankrupts or their assignees or any of them or any other person or persons in England touching or respecting or arising out of the said contract and agreement of the thirtietli day of October one thousand eight hundred and thirty nine or the said Illinois and Michigan Canal as such

any wise relating thereto and to pay or receive as if any which shall happen to be due or payable on the settlen)cnt of any such account or accounts and reckonings and to sign and present any petition or petitions in Bankruptcy and to tender any further or other proof or proofs under tlie said fiat or any

Bonds

or Stock or in

the case

may

renewed

fiat

be the balance

auainst the said Messrs Wright and

Company

or against

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

88

any other person or persons whomsoever dispute or question which

may

And

arise respecting

any

submit any

also to

of the matters afore-

said or under the said contract or agreement of the thirtieth day of October one thousand eight hundred ajid thirty nine or otherwise in relation to the matters or tlnngs aforesaid or any of them to arbitration if deemed advisable, and to abide

by and perform or enforce any award or awards be made under any such arbitration or arbitrations And for all and any of the purposes aforesaid to use the name of me the said Thomas to

And

Ford

generally to do perform and execute

other matters and

all

things in and about the premises as fully and effectually to

purposes as I the said

Thomas Ford

intents

all

could or might do

and

perso)ially

if

present.

Thomas Ford have hereunto sul)and caused the great Seal of the State of Illinois

In witness whereof I the said scribed (L. S.)

to

my name

be hereunto afiixed

at Springfield the seat of

day

the said State this sixteenth

hundred and

of I\Iay,

Government

of

one thousand eight

forty three.

Thomas Ford Springfield,

May

i6,

1843

D. H. T. Moss. Esq. I

am

obliged to you for the information contained in your letter of

the twelfth instant;

and

I

empower you

axcordingly

any

to sell

of the

timber, or stone or other materials, on or near the line of the rail road

between to

La

and Dixon,

Salle

your best judgment;

heretofor[e] directed.

who may

persons

liave

I

eith.er at

public, or private sale, according

change the places

also, to

also autliorizc

you

used any such materials; and

and reasonable

in case they refuse to account, at fair

of the pul)lic sales

to settle with

any and

to sue for the

prices,

all

same,

and pay

for

the same. I

am

sincerely yours,

Thomas Ford

Know

all

State of

Elijah

men by

Illijiois

Adams

these presents that I

stone belonging to the Central

and the

mouth

Thomas Ford Governor

of the

do hereby authorize and empower John M. Kelly and or either of them to sell any and all timber and of the Ohio,

Road between the Illinois River demand and receive payment and

P.ail

and

to

sue for any timber stone or any other material belonging to said road

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, JUNE

9,

1843

89

and which ms^y have been taken from the same, by any person or And I do hereby invest them with the same powers in relation to the Northern Cross Rail Road l^etween Springfield and the eastern boundary line of the State. And I do also authorize tlicm or either of them to receive any Instrument or Instruments the properly

persons whatever.

Road System wheresoever

of the State, belonging to the Rail

may be

the

same

found. ^

In testimony whereof I have hereunto

Great Seal

(L. S.) the of

May AD.

of State to

set

my hand

be affixed at SpringJicld

and caused

this 26th

day

1843,

Thomas Ford Thompson Campbell

Sea-clary of Slate

SpRiNGriELD June 9 1843

Dear

Sir:

return of the

I

have received since

amount and

Tremont Rail Road I

have to request you

at

my

return from

St.

Louis your

and stone on the Pekin and having passed by in my absence

quality of timber

The day to act as

of sale

agent of the State in selling that property

Tremont

it into such lots as will suit purchasers and give and Tremont and along the line of a time of sale I You are leave it to your own discretion what length of notice to give authorized to receive in payment Illinois internal improvement bonds and Scrip. The I3.W does not authoj-ize the receipt of Canal bonds and scrip Please make a return to me at an early day of an account of

I desire

you

to divide

notice in Pekin

sales

and the money

Sell to as

good

profit as

you possibly can 1

am

most respectfully

Your obedient servant

TuoMAs Ford Middleton Tackerbcrry Esq.^ Pekin

Illinois

' Messrs. Adams aad Kelly reported the Central Railroad and right of way and the depot lands at Cairo to be worth $400,482; Northern Cross Raih-oad from Spnn?;lield to state line, $102,764.73; Northern Cross Raikoad from Springfield to Mcrodosia, §234,515.50 {Illinois Uouse Reports, 1844-45, iSo). An act approved Fcbruai-y 27, 1S41. had authorized the fhiishing of the Northern Cross Railroad by a private concern and gave option on material belonging to state {Laws of Illinois, 1S40-41, 197-204).

'Middleton Tackerberry: (Blue Book of Illinois, 1905).

1S42-44,

1849-51. representative in General Assembly

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

90

Executive Department SpraNGFiELD June 14th 1843

To Messrs. Mitchell, Jackson and

Kerchj^.val, Appraisers of

DAMAGES ON THE CaNAL Gent:

have undcrslood that there

I

is

some

on the

dissatisfaction

part of the Contractors witli the instructions formerly given you; which

me

has caused

I have availed

That

to reconsider the

my

concurred in

officer

matter very carefully and in doing so

advice and opinion of the Attorney General.

self of tlie

my

views in regard

to

back per ccntage and

scale age

I

have however come

])ack percentage

not to

is

to the

])e

thousand dollars and the Attorney General admits that the intention of the Legislature that

demand an

by the

But

exception.

been able to perceive that

sum

conclusion that the principal

of

included within the two hundred and thirty

it

it

may have been to make

on the subject

respects scaleage I have not yet

But as you are instructed damages separately the question is open for

it is

to assess the several items of

as

last act

an exception.

further consideration It is

not material that the Contractors should quit claim their machin-

ery before an assessment shall

insti'uctions properly

requisite to

The men,

in cases

which

have

will

You

in full

understood

to insist

to

their

are not required

upon a

cjuit

claims

by former

claim as a'prc-

not

make

You, Gentle-

i\Iachinery.

is

decide this question for your selves and are the_]only

1)e

to

make

sucli a decision hi tlie hrst instance.

required to have a personal sight of

where ithas1)een distroyed

will

The

be made; but only before

question will frequently arise what

will

You

me

an assessment of damages

competent tribunal

.arc

slrall

be allowed and paid by

it

[sic]

impossiljle to see

tlie

?\Iachinery

or where any other cause exists

it

contracts not in writing alluded to in the former instructions

contracts under what

is

called the

''New

lettings,"

and has no

refer-

ence to any other contracts I

am most

respectfully

Your obedient Servant

Thomas

FoiiD

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, JUNE

i6,

1843

91

Springfield Illinois, June 16

Gentlemen: your claim and have no funds

have

will

at

with the State

I

all

along

felt a

do so as soon as

my command

liabilities.

1843

sincere desire to adjust and

it

be in

shall

for that or

my

pay

But

power.

I

any other purpose connected

you have seen and read my inaugural

If

address and the reports of the officers of State last Winter upon our financial condition

you cannot have

no funds arc on hand and

it

much

labor on

many

frequent statements apparently called for by

From

the tone of your letter

claims on

tlie

some time

my

part in

besides your selves.

would judge that the Tonawanda drafts are desperate and yet I would not dare

to take the responsibility of transferring

it

since I

to

you

in satisfaction of

your

demand

small

have no means

I

why making

failed to perceive the reasons

will save

of raising

money

out of the claims of the State upon

aught that

upon

its

I

can see the matter

New York

of

to its

pay demands

yours except

your claim and the claims

For

of the State

debts will have to rest in their present desperate

condition until the return of Oakley and

mean

like

debtors for State bonds.

Ryan from Europe

time having thus advised you frankly of

my

inability to

In the

meet

3

our

expectations I will be pleased to receive from you any furtlier sugges-

and

tions will

if

I

can be persuaded that any course

be admissible to be taken

authority to close

Vvn'th

I

to

be pointed out by you

will give jNIessrs

Oakley and Ryan

you I

am

most respectfully

Your obedient servant Thoaias Ford Messrs. Ruggles

& Howe

New York

Springfield June 16th

Dear

Sir: In answer to your letter I beg leave to state

been informed that the

Company have been

officers

and agents

of the

Rock

]S.}3

lluit I Ii.inc

river Rail

rc-;i-i

ov.n selling the materials of Ihe road for iheir is a

i;-any I desire you to inform the ]:MesideiU public interests.

and without intending State

and

ILLIONIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

92

and

all

others inleresled that

commenced

here in

it

my

is

intention to ha^•c actions at law

Sangamon County

against

all

persons found com-

mitting those frauds. I

am

most respectfully

Your obedient

servant

Thomas Ford Geo.

W.

Gilson, Esq.

Spiungfield, June

Dear

Sir:

If the inspectors of the penitentiary

20,

1843

consent to the sale

there will probably be from 60 to 100 tons rail road iron to be disposed of

i\ir.

Matteson has spoken

himself to have

August

of

I St.

it

laid

to

down on

purchase a rail

payment

so as to save the

it is

not

I

laid.

of

about $25 per ton duties for

in New Orleans have understood that the time expires in the

which our friends are under bond in case

it at $45 per ton and will bind road in the United States by the

at the

Custom house

month of August next Whoever purchases will have to come under agreement that the iron is to be laid by the middle of August \vith appro\'ed security in this State I recollect having some conversation with you on this subject at Alton and you informed me that some person in Georgia wished information and. v/ould probably want to purchase. But you made me no proposition, nor did I understand you that you were authorized

been very anxious

to sell to the best ad^'antagc at

possible to save the

given

fly]

jNIr.

payment

of duties to the U. S.

Matteson encourageinent

remaining iron

if

any

is to

be

to

do

so.

I

have

an early day so as

if

and have accordinghe could have the

to think that

sold. I

am

most respectfully

Your obedient

servant

Thomas Fokd Long/

jMr.

Alton,

111.

Springfield June 23 1843

Dear

Sir:

20th instant and am much and Rock River Rail Road Co. has been organ-

I received

gratified that the Illinois

your

letter of the

Stephen Haniinan Lon.c;: (probably) born December 30, 178.^, in Hopkinton, New Hampshire; iSoc;. ^-raduatcd from D.irlinuulh Collc.c:c; December, iSi.v, cntereil ihc United StalCb army as licvitcnaiU of En^jiiieers; assistant professor of mathematics at '

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, JUNE

and with the intention of making It appears from your letter that

ized in good faith

wish you success

has been appointed by

am

JNIr. INIoss

1843

93

the roiid this is the

I hcartil)-

day which

for the sale of the timber stone Sic.

you or sojne other person did not write me sooner. did not know wlio the Company were, and from my advices I could not I

I

29,

sorry that

but believe that a pretended company existed who were about to commit great frauds on the State

If

however

I could havel)een furnished

with the information contained in your letter in time I would have ordered

Mr. Moss

to delay

proceedings until the matter could have l)een enquii-cd

Mr. Moss, and he has not yet sold, show him this and recjuest him to desist until I can further enquire into the you

If

into. letter

see

matter I

am

most respectfully

You

obedierjt servant

Thomas Ford H. P. Woodworth, Esq. Springfield, June

N

Col

Sir:

Joel

A

Matteson Esq

$4000. in bonds in

town

way

of Rail

so that the proposition

ered as a bargain of

29,

1843

Buckmaster^ of Juliet^ has this

Road

which he

day forwarded

iron at Meredosia lately

made may now be

I should like to wait longer to hear

your City wlio made enquiries lately in relation

to

me

and Shawneeconsid-

from Mr. Long purchasing for

1816, transferred to the Topographical Engineers with the brevet rank of major; 1818-23, charge of explorations between Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains; 1S27-30, civil engineer on Baltimore & Oliio Railroad; 1837-40, engineer-in-chief

West Point;

of

Western

&

Atlantic Railroad in Georgia;

1838, appointed major of Topographical

of corj^s with the rank of colonel; spent latter part of hfe at Alton, Illinois; June, 1.863, retired from active service; died September 4, 1S64, railroad building in the J^lr. Long vais author of the fust original treatise on at Alton; United States, under the title Railroad Manual, 1829 (Bateman and Selby, Historical

Engineering Corps;

1861,

made

ch.ief

Encyclopedia of JAllmns, 1905). '

Nathaniel Buckmaster:

born

in Calvert

County, Maryland, about 1792; worked

1818, emigrated to Edwardsville, Illinois; 1820-22, representative in General Assembly; 1822-34, sheriff of Tvladison County; capto Alton; lessee of state prison tain and major in Black Hawk W^ar; about 1835, removed postmaster at Alton; founder of at Alton; quartcrmaslergcncral under Governor Ford; "Upper Ferry" at St. Louis and the first successful operator of a ferry at that place; in died at Alton in 1855 (Julia Buckmaster, Alton, Illinois, private

in Charleston, Virginia,

as a Ixick mason;

pontics a Democrat;

Blue Book of Jllinois, 1905; Adjuiant-GcneraVs Reports; Uislory of Madison R. Brink & Co., Chicago, 3.882).

letter to editor;

County,

W.

president of the JuUet incorporated as a village in 1S37 with Joel A. Matteson as (Grmton, Charter repealed in 1841. Joliel iacorporatcd June 19. 1852 Jolict ami Juliet, Joliet, 190.1). »

village board.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

94

some persons

down

in

But as I am anxious to have the Iron payment of duties and as I have not heard answer from Mr. Long and as I must not loose Georuin Islny 2,?, 1813, in Buffalo, New York; worked on a farm; learned printer's trade; jS,v1-35, edited Tlic Buffalo BuUelin; 1836, admitted to bar; 1837, moved west; 1S38, cify attorney of INlonroe, IMichif^an; 1841, editor of Jltc Louis1842, opcni-d law office in Springfield, Illinois; assisted Governor Ford in i8M-.t5. revised statutes of Illinois; 1851-55, solicitor for Illinois Central Railroad; 1855-61, interested in building a railroad from Bird's Point, Missouri, to a ])oint in Arkansas; Aut;ust iq, 1861, mustered in as major of Twenty -ninth Regiment

ville

Advertiser;

Mormon

trouble;

Illinois Volunteers;

took

promoted to the colonck\tember 24, 1862, appoinkil of major-general; August

Fort Donelson and Sbiloh; April 15, 1862, Iwiiity-ninth for meritorious conduct at Shiloh; Sepbri;;;i(licr j;eneral of volunteers; March 3, 1S65, received brevet

i.,irt

in bottles of

of (he

2.1,

1865, mustered out of service;

State Journal; removetl to \\'isconsin;

to Wisconsin;

Bateman and

1872-73, edited Illinois 1S80, returned

1876, appointed governor of Idaho;

died February 27, 1S95, at Kansas City (Palmer, Bench and Bar of Illinois; Selby, Ilisloyical Encyclopedia of Illinois; Adjntant-Gcncrars Reports).

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

96

Executive Departm ent Springfield July 13 I

Thomas Ford Governor

of the Stale of Illinois

and empower Lemuel Andrews Esq.

Sheriff of

to sell at public sale to the highest bidder

and

all

8,-13

Rock Island County

any and

all stone timber ii-on other material belonging to the State of Illinois and pertaining

improvements on Rock

to the

1

do hciel)y authorize

and near the lower Rapids at payment therefor gold and silver coin and Illinois internal improvement bonds and scrip He the said Andrews giving three weeks public notice of the time and place of sale by posting up notices of the same in fouj- of the most public places in said County Vandruffs Island and

my hand

Witness

river at

to receive in

the day

and date above written

Thomas Ford Mr. Andrev/s an account

is

of sales

requested to

make

a return to

me

at Springfield of

and the funds received

Executive Department Springfield, III. July 26 1843

His Excellency Tno:\rAs Reynolds Governor of JMissouri Sir:

by you

The demand to receive

of

Joseph H. Reynolds Esq. the agent appointed

Joseph Smith

Jr. for

a detachment of Militia to assist

in retaking said Smith has been duly considered the earliest

moment

to lay before

The

you the

you

coming

result of

to a conclusion

my

me

at large as

in

coming

soon as

by me and

I

now

at

on the subject, proceed

deliberations

request for a Military force

have infl.uenced to

after

is

to this

declined.

The

determination

I

can obtain

I

have the honor

leisure to to

rt^asons

will

which

be furnished

do so

be

very respectfully

Your obedient servant TiioxiAS

Ford

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, AUGUST EXECU TI VE DePAR

r.\[

1843

14,

97

EN

Springfield, III

Aui^^

14,

1843

To His Excellency Thomas Reynolds Governor Sir:

On

of the State of Missouri

the 26th day of July last I had the honor to inform you by

letter that after full

consideration I have

come

to the conclusion to decline

ordering out a detachment of Militia to assist in retaking Joseph Smith

who was said to have escaped from the custody of the IMissouri Agent and in that letter I engaged to furnish you with my reasons at large for coming to that determination It appears tliat an indictment was found at a special term of the Davis Jr.

circuit court, jNIissouri held the fifth of

Upon

treason

sition to the of Smith.

of

an

Governor

of this State

A writ was thereupon

and delivery

of

June

Smith for

last against

indictment the Governor of Missouri issued a requi-

this

Smith as demanded.

officer of this State to

demanding

duly issued by

the arrest and delivery

me

for the apprehension

This writ was put into the hands

be executed.

The

ofiicer to

directed immediately an-ested Smith and delivered

him

whom

The

Reynolds, the agent of Missouri, appointed to receive him. has been returned to

me

alleged that he

of the City of

Affidavits

and I

also

was rescued from

Mr Joseph

his custody

H. Reynolds,

by the Municipal court

on both

sides of the question have

been

filed

before me,

have additional information on the subject, contained

Mr. Brayman Esq. a investigate and collect facts, in

The undisputed

special agent,

in a

appointed by myself,

relation to the whole matter

facts of the case are that Smith

was arrested near

Dixon, in Lee County; he was immediately delivered over nolds;

writ

Nauvoo

report of to

was

as having been fully executed

After Smith was delivered into the hands of it is

it

Joseph H.

to

Smith immediately brought an action against

ATr.

to j\Ir.

Rey-

Reynolds

for

imprisonment, and had him to bail in the sum of four hundred dollars. Mr. Reynolds being in a strange couiitry, and unable to give false

bail,

was taken by

the Sheriff of

Lee County and held

whilst Reynolds held Smith as his prisoner.

The

as a prisoner;

parties finally con-

cluded to get out writs of habeas corpus and try the legality of the impris-

onment

in each case.

The

writs were accordingly issued returnable

before the nearest judicial tribunal in the circuit in which Quincy

is

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

98

and

situated,

tliLM-cnipon all parties

proceeded

in the direction of

Quincy

custody of Mr. Reynolds and Mv. Iveynolds himself being in the custody of the Sheriff of Lee County. On the road durinf^

Smith

])cing in the

were met by parties

their progress the[y]

some, or most, of

whom

members

of

tlie

Nauvoo;

Nauvoo

no evidence that they appeared in a ]\iilitary There was no exhibition of arms of any description, nor was

though there

Legion;

of the citizens of

are said to have been

capacity.

is

there any I^Iilitary or warlike array

—nor

was there any actual force felt under constraint; and

used; though Mr. Reynolds testified that he that Smith, soon after meeting the

first

parties of ^Mormons, enlarged

Mr. Reynolds also testifies (and there can the that doubt of fact) he was taken to Nauvoo against his will. no be But NN'hether he was taken there by the command of Smith and his himself from his custody.

friends, or

him

by the voluntary act

in custody,

The

Reynolds. there

of the Sheriff of

Lee County, who had

does not appear by any testimony furnished affidavit of the Sheriff

l)y

^Mr.

has not been obtained, though

evidence on the other side to show that the Sheriff of Lee County

is

voluntarily carried

coeision

[sic]

Mr. Reynolds, to of any one

the city of

Nauvoo,

witliout

any

on the part

Nauvoo a

Habeas Corpus was issued by and jNIr. Reynolds was compelled ]jy After aut]K)rity of the court to produce Mr. Smith before that tribunal. hearing the case the court discharged Smith from arrest After arriving at

the

Municipal Court

There is

is

much

other other evidence submitted, but the foregoing

the ^Material part of

Now, MiHtia

Sir, I

it

to

been

be considered on the present occasion^

might safely

to assist in retaking

Stale have

writ of

of that City,

fully

rest

my

refusal to order a

detachment

Smith upon the ground that the laws

executed in the matter

A

of

of

tliis

writ has been issued

for his

apprehension; Smith was apprehended; and was duly delivered

by the

officer of the State to the

to receive hiiri.

No

resisted or interfered with

the law

agent of the State of IMissouri appointed

process officer or autliority of this State has been

—

I

have

fully fully executed the

imposed on me, and have not been

duty which

resisted, either in the writ

issued for the arrest of Smith or in the person of the officer appointed '

Ilcroiofore the facts in (he rase concerning (he release of Smith have not been fully l-ord himself in his llislory of Illinois, 315, says that when the agent started for

known,

Missouri with Smith, a party of IMonnons met them and compelled the olTicer and his prisoner to go to Xnnvoo. Nothing whatever is said about the sherill of Lee County having the oliicer fiom Missouri in custody.

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, AUGUST to apprche])d him.

been

been any resistance

If there lias

Smith came

to the officer of Missouri, after

every thing had been done on

14,

my

1843

99

any one

to

lo his custody,

it

and

part which the law warranted

has

after

me

in

doing

Another objection

to ordering

of the Militia laws of

this

a detachment of Militia arises out

State;

43d Section of which

the

is

as

follows

''Whenever

it

may be

of the Militia of this State

necessary to call into actual service any part

on a requisition

of the executive of the

an actual or threatened invasion

State, or

of this State, or

any

United of the

neighboring States or Territories of the United States, the Commanderin-Chief shall forthwith

demand from each

proportion to the strength

which order

shall

commandants

of

be delivered by a special j\Iessenger divisions,

specifying

the

if

the

States, to

in

to the several

number demanded from

each division; the time and place of rendezvous,

and

detachment

division a

except as hereinafter excepted;

thereof;

ordered to I\Iarch;

if

same be detached under any particular act endorse the same on such orders; Provided

of the

that

United

whenever

the safety of any of the frontier settlements in this State shall, in the

opinion of the Governor, require

it,

he

may exempt

the Alilitia in such

settlements from being called into service and Alake such further provision for their defence as the necessity of the case

may

require; which

exception shall be expressed in his orders to commandants of the divisions,

who, together with the commandants of brigades, regiments, and companies, shall govern themselves accordingly; And

battalions

provided, also, that such Militia

on their

own

emergency battalions

tlie

men may

be required to

ser\'e as spies

and that on actual invasion, or any extreme commander-in-chief commandants of divisions, l.n-igades, frontiers;

and companies, may call on the whole or any part of the commands, as the nature of the case may

Militia under their respective

require, wlio shall continue in service,

can be regularly called out." The Governor has no otlier authority that which

is

contained in this Section.

if

necessary, until the JMilitia

in calliiig out the IMilitia, than

By which

it

appears that there

from the President an actual or threatened invasion, or some emergency to warrant the Governor in exercising this power. No one of these contingencies has arisen. There has been

must be

either a requisition

no requisition from the President; there has been no actual

or threatened

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

loo

invasion of the Stale; nor

templated by the law.

such an extreme emergency as

is this

we allow

If

that

is

con-

was exhibited and prisoner before (he muni-

force

threatened to compel your agent to carry his

cipal coui't of NauA^oo; that the court then took cognizance of the cause

without jurisdiction, and against the consent of your agent,

amount, case,

at most, to

a

and

riot,

and that under color

in

my

opinion, to be

more than a design

To

law and legal process.

of

an extreme emergency, so as

it

would

to a resistance of authority in a single

constitute

to justify a call for the Alilitia, tliere

some thing more than

a

mere

law in a single instance.

to resist the

ought

something

illegal act;

The

design

ought to be general, as in treason, rebellion, or insurrection, in which cases an universality of design If

is

essential to constitute the offence.

a person resist a constable or a sheriff or other officer cliarged with the

execution of process, with an intention to resist the law in that particular instance.

Such an act

a misdemeanor at most;

is

is

indictable as

and may be met by the posse comitaties [sic]. But something more than a mere misdemeanor must have been contemplated by the law.

such,

It

would seem

to

Governor should or sheriff

me call

may be

that

it

could never have been intended that the

out the Militia in every case

resisted;

and even

where a constable

in a case of riotous resistance

it

would not be an extreme emergency without some Alilitary array some warlike show, or some threatened resistance to the Government itself.

In this case there has been no warlike array in the proceedings

of

Smith and his friends; no exhibition

an

illegal character.

He was may have been ment.

jNlr.

of arms,

and no actual force

Reynolds was not subjected

arrested on lawful process,

to illegal

of

imprison-

and although that process

wrongfully obtained, yet his arrest was not riotous or

unlawful, but according to the forms of law.

Mr. Reynolds continued

he was taken Nauvoo; and althougli he was taken to that city against his will, and was by that means compelled to take his prisoner there, yet he was talcen by lawful process, by an authorised officer, who acted, so far as In no one I have any evidence, freely and voluntarily in so doing. in the

custody

of the sheriff ])y

vktue

of that process, until

to

aspect of the case can I consider the present an extreme emergency,

warranting a

call for the ^Militia,

according to the provisions of law in

this State.

Thus, influenced

Sir, I

me

have stated

to

you the principal reasons which have

in refusing to order a call of the IMilitia

To my own

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, AUGUST mind they

are entirely satisfactory,

and

I

hope

loi

1843

5,

tlicy will

meet

willi the

approval of your excellency and the people of jNJissouri I

have the honor

to

hn

Your Excellencys most Obedient Servant

Thomas Ford Executive Department Springfield III. Aug. Sir:

rumor

I

have seen

it

stated in the public prints

and

that the United States Collector at Cincinnati

1843

5,

also learned

had

levied

by

on a

quantity of rail road Iron lately the property of Illinois for the payment

U. S. That Iron was imported to N. Orleans in the and bonds with ample security were given at the Custom House in New Orleans for the payment of the duties. I assert it to be a fact that the State of Illinois has given bond with approved security for the payment of the duty upon all the rail road Iron imported and of duties to the

years '40

&

'41

remaining unpaid. I

am

informed that the time

The

duties.

not

is

3'et

out for the payment of tliose

iron has been sold with the view to be laid

the expiration of the time.

vented from having the

But by

rails laid in

I respectfully request you,

sir,

this seizure the State

down

before

wDl be

pre-

time to save her bond.

to enqui];e into the state of facts con-

nected with the importation and seizure of the Iron; and thai }'0u will

me what right the Collector at Cincinnati had to levy and whether in so doing he acted under authority or direcI have been under the impression tion from the Treasury Department ? that as the Iron has been bonded it is not liable to be seized at any time. The United States cannot it appears to me have a l^ond for the payment

please to inform

on

this

Iron

of duties If

?

and a right

you find

tlie

of seizure both.

facts to be as afore stated,

in this view of the law,

you

oblige the purchaser of the Iron

ruined by

power I

proceeding:

if

who

you

is

if

you concur with

upon

a worthy

this State

man

will at the earliest

and

me also

aiid who will be moment in your

direct the Collector of Cincinnati to release this Iron.

am

just

quanity of pretext

tliis

and

will confer a favor

informed that the Collector at

rail

S.

Louis has levied upon a

road Iron at Aleredosia in this State under the Ukc

and which Iron

is in

every respect situated as the Iron at Cincin-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

I02

nali except that

on hand

Your

has not been sold but has been ordered road in this State.

it

to ]>e ];cpt

to repair the rail

early attention to the subject matter of this letter will oblige

me. have the honor

I

to l^e

Your Obt. servant Tno^iAs FoKD

To

the Secretary of the Treasury,

Washington City Springfield Sept

To

J.

ii

1843

Phipps Esq.

As you was

Wabash River

[sic]

the agent of the State to lease the ^iills on the Little

I enclose

you the account

of

Credited with an order in your favor with the

count on John

Wood amounting

in cash or current funds.

I

to $800.

send them to

Reuben Emerson for $800. sum of $59 62 Also an ac.

These accounts are payable you for collection and request

you will demand payment immediately If not paid I desire suit But the suit will be brought in Springfield If these to be brought accounts are not paid on demand or in very short time please inform

that

me and let me know

the counties where

all

the parties

and

their securities

reside I

am most

respectfully

Yours

Thomas Ford State of Illinois

Whereas a quantity States at the Port of

of Rail road Iron

New

imported into the United

Orleans by the State of

Illinois,

been seized by the United States Collector of the revenue Cincinnati for tity of rail

tlie

non payment

road Iron

of duties

And whereas

at iMcredosia in this Stale

ex-officio

therefore I

Thomas Ford Governor

Fund Commissioner

the

same State do

Esq

of Juliet as

imported in

like

manner

St.

Louis

and and on behalf of

of the State of Illinois

of said State acting for

lieieby fully authorize

my

Port of

another quan-

has Ijcen seized by the Collector of the Revenue at the Port of

Now

has lately

at the

and empower Joel

A

Alatteson

and Attorney in my name on behalf of the seal and deliver any such bond oi- 1)onds as may

aj.^ent

State of Illinois to sign

be jiecessary to procure the release of the said Rail road Iron or any

FORD'S LETTER-BOOK, SEPTEMBER

13,

1843

103

part (hereof from the seizures aforesaid and to have the same again restored to the possession I the said

and control

Thomas Ford Governor and

of the said ex-officio

as aforesaid hereby fully ratifying and confirming

A

by the said Joel

Matteson

in

the premises as completely as

my name on

all tliat

may

Ije

done

1)ehalf of the said State in

were present

I

if

Joel A. Matteson

Fund Commissioner

at the

doing thereof

my

self.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto

set

my hand and

caused

the great seal of State to be affixed at Springfield this 13th.

day

(L.S.)

of

September

in the year of our

Lord one thousand

eight

hundred and forty three

Ford

Tiioi\iAS

Springfield Septem. 13 1843

Dear

Sir:

hundred dollars

I

have received your demand

for the

for the

reward

of

two

apprehension of John Williams offered in the

proclamation of Governor Carlin dated July 23 1841

That proclamation offers the above reward upon condition that WiUiams should be apprehended and secured by the person apprehending him so that he might be brought to trial before the circuit court of

Clark county.

appears by the papers which you have forwarded me that Vv'illiams was taken before a single Justice of the peace and that the justice permitted him to go at large on bail in the sum_ [of] $150 This I apprehend was illegal and will not bind Williams to appear at the circuit court for trial; as you will perceive by the 3d Sec of the It

act to regulate the apprehension of offenders

221

tliat

Revised laws

a single justice luad no right to take bail in such a case

'33

page

And

if

not you and the juslice together have permitted Williams after his arrest to escape

and go

at large.

The

bind him to appear at court for

proceedings in such a case would not trial

and

of course

you would not be

entitled to the reward. If tlie

Williams had b(>cn

justices

livered

him

committed

Ijefore

would have no right to the Sheriff

How I

to liail is

to the

custody of the Sheriff

him and you ought

to

have de-

diis?

am most

respectfully

Your

o])cdient servant

Thomas Ford Robert

B McCown

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

I04

Executive Departaient October

6 1843

Hon. David TnIarkely^

Dear of

Sir

I herewith transmit

:

you a

list

of lands (47 eighty a.crc

belonging to the State of Illinois and selected under the provisions

tracts)

an act

of

Congress Approved Sept.

4,

1841, entitled

priate the proceeds of the sales of the public lands tion rights"

which

I desire

you

"An

and

to

act to appro-

grant preemp-

and value according

to inspect

to

your

best judgment.

Those lands

W

1

NE

are

Sec IS

E -|NE E ^NW

((

IS

W i SE

a

E iSW

a

W i SW

u

E ^-NE

a

W

u

1

E

*NW h

W

1

NE

(
(dia

UXTNOIS

3.62

IJISTORICAT. COLT.ECTIONS

You cau inform him

last .letter.

what

at

you

(inic

will

be ready

examination, and the place where you wisli him

nieiice the

to

be

(o coni-

fust, for

this purpose.

With you,

am

I

anxious

day

at the very earliest

which the testimony transmitted

am

Canal

From

be gone through with

sliall

the charges you will readily

which your attention has not been directed and upon

detect those to

I

the matter

tliat

practicaljle.

to

me

lias little l^caring.

highly pleased at the frequent assurances I receive that the

will certainly

advantages of a

be opened so as

to enable the State to derive all the

With me,

spring navigation.

full

important

this

I'esult

outweighs every other consideration.

As

I

remarked above, the time and place

of

examination can be

arranged between Judge Caton and yourself, and sliould soon as convenient, so as not to allow the Canal interest to I

am

]je

very Respectfully Yours A. C.

To

Williami

111.

Springfield Feby

Dr in

Sir:

my

In

letter of the

28th

ult. I

i8,

your hands as might enable

now

requested you to forward

am

me

to

answer your inquiries, and thereby

of collision of opinion betv/een us hereafter.

all possiljility

may

free to confess that

l)e

me

much doubt

Agent

if

tliere

of a State, in the

account of

two years.

its affairs

There

necessary

is

tliat

me

strongly with

its

can be found another instance

am now

desir-

singularity.

I

of the financial

United States, who has omitted

to

render an

in his hands, in a detailed form, for the space of ever}' reason

why

it

was not only proper but

you should render an account

This would

Ikivc

enabled

me

— on the

to give

essen-

of the condition of

the affairs of the State, intrusted to you, at the very farthest, at

each year, and more properly semi annually July.

I

for so long a time, after

ought to have been forwarded, the information which I

tially

am

received here before this reaches you.

your withholding from

ous of ol)taining, has impressed very

I

anxiously awaiting your answer to this request, with the desired

information, which

&

1848

such information of the state of the affairs of the State of Illinois

avoid

it

French

Gooding Escf

Lockport,

me

done as

suffer.

ist

you

tlie

end

of

days of January

at all times,

such

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, 1-EBRUARY become proper

directions as mi^'^ht

I expressly called

your accounts were

to

your

account, and I

full

felt

and found only the most

a

lit lie

184S

163

in cond\icP'nli(. school at. Kingston, New York; studied law; 1831, removed to Alton, Illinois, where he practiced law; first mayor of Alton; was holding that office at the time of the famous Lovejoy riot; 1842, removed to St. Louis, Missouri;

at

Court; 1848, elected mayor of St. Louis; 1S60, delegate Convcntlou; at the beginning of the war, Mr. Krum idcntiliod himself with the Republican inirty; colonel of a regiment of enrolled militia composed of citizens of St. Louis; died September 13, 18S3 {Encyclopedia of the History of Si. Louis). 18

!.^--46,

judge of

to the Charleston

St. Liuiis Circuit

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLLCTIONS

I'/S

Improvement

the

of its ILarl^oi:.

mc

reasons which induced

I

then gave you

to believe

my

it

some

In-icH}'

of tlie

duty to interfere to cause

had been pi-ocured to arrest this work, to l)c had ])cen assured through divers sources that the work was still being pushed forward, in contempt of tl'ie Injunction and the Ci\'il Authority of the State. It seemed to me that the course pursued by the City Council v^'as most extraordinary, as showing the most absolute the Injunction which

observed.

I

disregard of the Civil Authority of Illinois, to give expression coloring,

bear,

and what

manner

the clandestine

is

carried on

would

it

— so as

it

the mildest

form

of

possible gives the whole a worse

if

which

said the

work has been

to elude the observation of the officers

having cho.rgc

of the Injunction.

I

was slow

in

it is

to believe this last,

and

until I learned

by

a direct Telegraphic Despatch from Genl. Cooley that such v/as the fact, I felt inclined to credit the

mon

assurance of the Committee of the

Council of the City, then here, that I had been misinfoi inexl.

remains but one couise to be taken in

this matter,

which

is

autliority

it

necessary in order to enable you to support your

and enforce that

of the State,

you are hereby authorised

call to

your assistance the Militia force of St Clair County

case

may

it

be preferaljle

cannon

also at

to aid you,

and men, tive,

an

and

and

to

I think 3'ou

Artillery force

have a cannon

Alton which you are authorised also

])esides call to

your aid a

sufiu'ient

to

— In which

under

all

the cir-

at Bcllewille, there to take

number

if

required,

of officers

render the object, the enforcement of the Injunction effec-

to sustaiji

you

fully in the

officer of this State.

in tlie

employ the

to

cumstances, to any other. are

tlie

This

consequences be what they may.

let the

you think

If

There

cause

to

Injunction to be regarded Vvithin the Jurisdiction of this State.

must be done

Com-

complete discharge of

you]-

duty as

Such necessary expense as may be incurred

discharge of your duty will

l^e

provided. I

am, Yours

Aug

v^l^-

C. Fricngii

Tlie Sheriff of^ St Clair

County

Executive Department, Illinois Springfield July ]3r Sir: tlie

I

\V.

1S48

wrote you some time since on the subject of the sale of

Canal lands Lois 'David

29,

iSL^\

and referred

Hopkins, shciiffof

St. Clair

to reports in circulation tliat

county. iS;6-5o

FRENCirS LETTER-BOOK, JULY

29,

18.18

179

arrangements were making and combinations formed,, designed monopolise the sale of the choice lands and Lots &*^.

competition

me

circumstances

holders,

to a great degree well

to

any combinations calculated

competition at the

I

sales.

[sic]

ments

lessen the sales or

to

immediate

make

it

tingency alcove referred

a suggestion

that

monopolise the purchases.

to,

I

if

to

me,

I

v/ill

in.

v/hich

it

seem proper

the

shall

be conducted.

shall

i\-[y

in order to avoid the con-

the sale be adjourned to

lay the affair l3efore

for the sales to

not be

some other

felt,

'J"he

be held

at

and the competition

tlie

place,

Legislature for the provision by

some place where

People have been taught to regard these lands as a very impor-

influences were allowed to o])crate to lessen

competition

would be

among

intense.

may make

its

and

purchasers, the dissatisfaction

to i-ender

among

am

any

nine tenths

by the Trustees in any judicious the sales honest, fair and just.^

effort

very Respectfully Yours,

Aug W. IL

if

value or prevent a free

I will stand

I

Capt.

would

the influences

left free.

tant recourse towards the liquidation of the Canal Debt,

they

believe

made on

but prescril^es only when the sales

if it

in

thought proper simply adjourned and the matter being represeJitcd

or

Law

to offer

symptoms of such arrange-

imxperative that the sales shall be

take place and the general order is this^

Bond-

tlie

check free and undisturljcd

there shall be

if

line of the Canal,

suggestion then,

and consequently

to

have taken the liberty

to the matter,

refference

the law does not

Under such

take a decided course or adopt some decisive

to avoid an injury to the State

1:)y

since to satisfy

founded.

matter of the very utmost importance, that the

is

it

Trustees be prepporcd

measures

me

Sufficient information has reached

rumors are

that these

to

down

foiling

I;y

C.

Feencti

Swift

Washington City D. C. When the new loan of s$r,6oo,ooo was authorized in 1843, an act provided tliat the lands of the canal could not he sold until three months after the completion of the canal; all sales to be by public nuclion; sales to be held at least once each j'ear for four years; values to be appraised by three disinterested parties {L.r.vs oj Illinois, 18.12-43, 58). On February 25, iS;;, it was i)ruvidcd that the lands might be sold even before the completion •

of

thccannl.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

i8o

Executive Djvpartment

•

SpRJNGFIJ'LD July 29, 184S Messrs.

Yours

of the 20th inst is received.^

Before Ibis readies you, you

be put in possession of $35,000 more of Interest funds.

The Coupons up and hold them Mr. Webster will probably call upon you and subject to my oider, receive all such Bonds, Scrip, Vouchers and Coupons with sucli other papers as you may think proper to forward by him on his ]-eturn from I want all the securities you may have in possession Boston, as before. forwarded ]:iy him at that time. will

of 1841, July

You

—you

are already authorized to take

will continue to

fund until directed

to stop

that your suggestion in relation to the Foreign out,

and

the

power

in

no Other way that to

You

out your suggestion.

Insolvent Debtors

some

is

in

me

ca^rried

be done, for I have neither

will not

Oath

lately

and

pay any

how

thvrig

Jiave possession of these

it all

to carry

on Coupons prior

to

Tilson could have taken the

no way cleared up and they

satisfactory reason

control to defray expenses

will find the authority

It is still very sino;ular hov/

Jiily 1841.^

it

means within my Enclosed you

one were appointed.

mystery

can

of,

It strikes

appoint an agent to go to Europe for the purpose of

receiving Bonds, nor the if

know

I

by me.

Bonds can be

will

happens

so,

Bonds.

The

not be paid until I have

but

this is

between

us.

Respectfully Yours

Aug ]\fessrs. \\'adsv/orth

The

&

is a copy Mr. Wadsworth.

following

letter to

C.

French

Sheldon.

of the order referred to in the foregoing

Executi\'e Depart]\ient

State of Illinois Springfield

To

Julius

Wadsworth Esq^

You

Sir:

Stock to

all

prescriljed

New Internal Improvement Improvement IndelUcdness as United States upon the follow-

arc hereby autliorised to issue

holders of original Internal

by Law, residing out

of the

'

For

'

Until 1S46, no interesi had been paid on the slate debt since July

letter see post, 2S8. j,

1S41.

FRENXirS LETTEIMJOOK, OCTOBER That

ing conditions.

the

[)ar(iL"S.

25,

holders of such

i8r

i8_i8

indebtedness, l)y

themselves or Agents shall present and deliver up the same to you at

your Office

iji

the City of

sought to be issued, or

New

York, upon which such new Stock

in lieu of the

is

surrender of such original stock,

present you with proof of the kxss of the same in

its

passage fro!n (he

holder to you, and. provided furtlicr that there shall be furnished you

a complete Registry of such Bonds or Indebtedness duly certiiied a Consul of the United States,

together with

enclosed and forwarded the original in a

Bonds

package forwarded and directed

New York

the City of

United States

or Indebtedness well secured

here,

Improvement Debt of the State of be retained by you to be transmitted for upon my order. Witness

(Seal)

my

this 29th

hand and the

day

of

America, Agent for Funding

the Internal shall

Wadsworth Esrf

to ''Julius

of

liy

that he

his certificate

Illinois,["]

which proof

in the proper

file

office

seal of State,

of July 1848.

Aug

Executive Departa!;ent,

C.

French

III.

Springeield 25th Octo 1848 Messrs.

Having past,

may

absent from the seat of Goverjiment for some weeks

l)ee]i

account to you for the delay of

answer

this

to

yours of the

2] st

ult.

In

my

answer

up your various

I will take

subjects of enquiry, in

the order in which they appear in your Letter.

one and a half mill

Tax

Canal as well as others, interest accriicd

The

upon such Bonds they have

provisional

has no reference in

its

Two

^nLII

to the other

Tax

l)ccn

an equal footing

is to

governed by

provided by our

Tax, Imt

is

New

of the

this rule.

Constiiution

wholly independent of

application excludes the Canal Bonds.

understand to be,

The proceeds

by Law, applied alike upon all State Bonds and whatever payments may have been made of are

The

object of

it,

and

this,

I

place the residue of the State Indebtedness up'on

in point of security with the

Canal Debt, there having

already been marie laige provision to meet this latter class.' '

Interest:

on

tlic

lUincis, 1842-13. S/)-

canal debt was taken care of l)y a h-r-jslative art in 1843 (Laias of That part of the constitution of 18 jS, to which Governor French

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

i82

The pro

rata

Dividend

upon Canal Bond?;

of ijilercst payalolc

be applied upon Coupons as they severally become due. give the first sections of the

and the

Shaws Bonds

I

Law

you seem

difficulty

to

you

of July 28, 1847, too restrictive meaninti;,

way

to discover in the

do not conceive

is

I think

to exist.

I

of

exchanging

ls\\-.

can discover no more serious

course of embarrassment in presei'ving the Books in conformity with the

Law

by allowing

his

Bonds

to

be funded than in the case of any

Indebtedness without Coupons. this State generally

The

became

interest

Law

caused a

to tlic interest

Tax

State

and

Bank,

the

accrued.

it

its

So soon as

debt.

of very limited

amount

By

due and accruing.

its

to

means

be levied

virtue of the

same

made, the money when raised was ordered equal Dividends to the interest upon all Bonds outbe applied by requiring the levy to he

From

stamding, in equal proportions.

generally understood that

tlie

superseded

it

date of this

all

not expressly, at least clearly to be implied

this matter, at the request of

at its last session,

v>'ith

Mr

Shaw,

all

has been

its

if

otiiers.

the facts connected with

to the Legislature of this State

a recommendation that

no action was had changing It is somewhat douljtful, I

it

— So then the matter stands

submitted a memorial embracing in detail

however,

Law

others then in existence,

Mr. Shaws Bonds upon the same footing with

at present leaving

I

tlie

promptly as

In

followed by a failure to pay the interest as

whatever on any of

justify, the State

and applied to

Bank was

interest

in

''Wiggins Loan,"^

of the

upon, which v^as also soon follovvcd by the inability of the State

pay any

would

pay the

liable to

failure of the

3.greed

to

gone under the name

early arrangement entered into between

some

the latter

otiier

amount due Mr. Shaw has

I'he

it

be enquired

into,

]mt

relation to other Bonds.

I think,

if

In the meantime Bonds Mr. Shaw \vill

thei'e will be.

assure you that by an exchange of his

—

"Ajjt. XV. Two-Mill Tax. There shall be annually assessed and same manner as other state revenues may be assessed and collected, ;l tux of two inills on each dollar's worth of taxable property, in addition to all other taxes, to be applied as followinayment.

thereupon went to the House of Representatives and with like

unanimity passed up of time to reach

it

to its third

and

but failed for \vant

last reading,

on the regular Calender

owing

of Bills,

to a constitu-

tional restriction in regard to the length of time the Legislature

remain in

I exceedingly regret this failure as I felt so su.re of

had held out from however once move to appeal the hopes I

postponement

the present season

business of

by Executive

am

You

will

New York

City,

Speed

my

your possession, as

it is

almost

convened some time during

order,

to

my

complete the unfinished

assured ample provision vdll be

former request, and

dated

London Dec,

individual States and amoiig the

amount

feel

somewhat

your attention to a

in calling

''New York Journal

of

number

of her debt

is

letter

Commerce," printed

30th, 1848,

which you

Esq^' of Baltimore, in

I observe tliat the entii'c

in

will 1je

expectation so freely expressed to you in

pardon ma

of yours published in the

to J. J.

me

placed under ol^ligation to you for the projnptness

humiliated at the failure of

in

and

your courtesy in requesting a further

Assembly

with whicli you com]:>lied with

Letter.

success, will allow

to

it.

your claim.

to adjust

I feel that I

my

You

you regarding

last session, \vhen I feel

tlie

its

to

Bonds

of the sale of the

certain that the General

made

can

session.

and

addressed

refer to the deijts of

that of the State of Illinois.

set

down

The

at $21,000,000.

debt of the State of Illinois principal and interest docs not reach

means witliin the control of the more than $4,000,000, besides the .Michigan Canal, now compleated [sic], which

$17,000,000, and tins exclusive of the State

and

income is

convertil^le,

of the Illinois

very considerable.

the

amount

sul)ject,

amounting

& I

to

presume the

error originated hi supposing that

of the State deljt usually

em1)raced the principal only,

found in the reports upon

when

in truth they

this

embrace both

principal and interest, and one third of the cnlii e debt existing at present, or nearly so,

is

nuule up of arreared inieiest.

in a feeling of kindness will allow

and

me

in

which

I feel sure

conclusion to express

you

my

I

make

these corrections

will appreciate.

gnatification at the

just sentiments of the letter here referred to,

iji

regard to

And you generous tlie

delin-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

202

quent States of

numbering not upon the eventual

disciiargc

debt wilh the same certainty as of any

common

this

In

Union.

this

State

1,000,000 of inlial)itan(s, the citizens count of our entile State

from

far

occurrence.

Receive assurance of

my

high respect

Aug

C.

French

Springfield April 12th 1849 ]\Icssrs.

Perhaps I owe you an apology for this late answer to your letter of December last. It would h.ave received an immediate answer, but from some cause it became mingled up with other papers and became lost until very recently, when it was casually recovered. I have caused sucli examination to he made 1.)y my Secretary as, from

what he informs me,

&

$3,89,

to

render

$7,00, were paid

quite certain that the

payments

of $3,23,

the coupons to which you refer in your

Bond which must have been (No 303 should be 302) as belong-

9th Decem]3er, except one

letter of the

numbered

erroneously

it

upon

your

in

letter

ing to the party as tliercin stated,

In answer to give

of the

to

your enquiries in relation

you that information

Bank having

ment &^, under them

to fully

the

at present,

to the State

which you

lately l)cen placed in the

Law.

hands

Bank,

be attended

assets

of Trustees for settle-

of the

Bank.

So soon as

can be ascertained I will cause you to be informed, or

will

The

Sufiicient tune lias not yet elapsed to enal:)le

understand the true position

in proper time to

am unable

I

desire.

do so,l3ycalHng

if

I should

this

omit

my attention to the subject, your request

to.

I

am

very respectfully Yours A. C. Fricncii

J.

G. King

&

Son

N. Y.

ExEcu TivE Department Springfield April

Dr. Sir;

1

have just j'eccived your Lclier of April

an extract from a to

Icllcr of directions

Messrs. Ilowland '

J'osI, 7,02.

«I\:

from Matheson

Aspinwall of N. Y.,

tK:

16,

4t]i'

Co. of

in relation to

3849

enclosing

London

Bonds

for-

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, APRIL

203

1849

19,

warded by the former for Fundinj,!;. Since di}^ last letter to you jcfcrring to these Bonds I have examined tlie papers upon record here, which refer to the transactions of the State with Wright & Co. and find myself fully justified in

You

the view of the matter I then gave you.

are

incorrect in supposing that the printed information to wiiich I called

your attention,

is

&

with Wright

embraced

were disposed

pledged in a manner

of or

with

left

in dispute,

him

which were

of

for sale.

to render the State

liable,

home by Oakley

except 722 Canal Bonds, which I learn were ijrought

and Ryan, and these nov/

contract

and the l^onds

pi'evious to that time,

which these in dispute form a part, were those All

The

in Reports earlier than 1840.

made

Co. was

left

with the agents

by Genl. Whiteside, the Fund Commissioner. These Bonds were given up by Wright & Co. or theij assignees, to the Commissioner and Vv^ere never sold or disposed of by any one. You will see of

the State

mention made of

furnished

is

me

Record from which

Tlie

Representatives.

and which

on page 238, last half oi Reports of 1842-3, volume devoted to the Reports of the House of

this fact

or that portion of the

on the

file

this

Report

numbers

of,

as being the £166,950''

is

made

up,

Bonds you have

here enumerates the identical

which the Report

says v/ere deposited with Messrs. i\Iorrison, Jaudon, and Smith, agents

Governor and Fund Com. There surely can be no claim upon these Bonds by any one, as clearly shown by the records, which makes tlieir presentation for funding under

of the

the circumstances, to

me

a matter of utter astonish meilf. I

am

very Respectfully Yours A. C. French

J.

Wadsworth Esqr N. Y.

Springfield April

19, 184.9

Messrs. I have enclosed

Interest

Funds

and forwarded

for July

— also

to

you three

a check for $500

drafts,

—

to

one for $15,000, be carried to the

same account, except $38,00 of it whicli you will carry into tlie School Inmd account, with a draft I send you on same account for $3264,40.= '

Thiy amount as stated in

•

In receipting for these inclosures the amount

tlic

printed Reports

is is

incorrect;

it

should be £214,950.

given as $3,264.46 (see

post, 304).

ILI>lNOIS lIISTOJxICAL

204

word

In a

To To

will stand as follows

it

be carried

account for July instalment of Interest $15,462 School Fund Account, and receipted accordingly

to

ho carried

COLLECTIONS

to

$3302,40 I

suppose the check on the Utica

Bank

to

be same as cash in

tlie

Cily. I

have not hccTcd from Treasury Warrant for $2,000, sent you on

account of School Fund. I observe Illinois

Bonds

are

down

just

now.

may be

It

time to invest.

a good

.

With Respect Yours A. C.

&

Messrs. \Vads\\'or(ii

Fkench

Slieldon

N. Y.

Executive DEPARTiiENT Springfield July J.

Wadsworth Dr. Sir:

New York

I

have received

C. i\IacalJster of Philadelphia suggesting that a

I

from

&

matter. of

tliis

I

fro5n

Ije

Stebbins claims

have ansv/ered him by saying that the matter of

settlement would be turned over to you under such directions as

become proper

Air.

movement may now

preliminary to a settlement of the Macalister

again:^! the State.

letter

a.

visit

when

season, own'ng mainly to circumstaaices not forseeii

I informed such wa^s ray intention.

made

1849

hns become apparent that I shall not be able to

It

tliis

5,

Esq^^

me.

am unvrilling

I to

have therefor[ej

to request

commence again with

claim without assurance that

it

you

may

to act in the

a ^aew to the settlement

can be completed and a final

settle-

would be incurring expense upon contingency I am allowed by law to pay all expense except procuring unnecessarily. Bonds, that is Blanks, for v/hich no provision is made in the Bill, as

ment made, because

you

will

party.

obseiTC It

will

l^y

it

reading

amount

This

it.

to

an

will

have

to

item however,

be paid merely.

furnished before, }-ou will ol)serve are of no account.

l)y

the opposite

The Blanks Mi*. Carj^enter

the Treasurer, being dead, and I have heretofore requested 3a)u lo send

them here with the other Blanks you design forwarding, that they may I Nvil! shortly send you (he form of a Bond to l^c used in I)e destroyed.

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, JULY the settlement, ^vhich 3'ou can

show

to

1840

7,

205

Mr. Macalistcr, and arrangcnicnts

be made to have them struck and sent

to

me

for proper signatures, with

you informed me you intended to send becomes necessary to have the latter sooner

the Blank Certificates wliich

me, for signature, unless

it

The form of a Bond and send you within the coming two days Such directions in regard to the advertisements as may seem necessary will also be sent you soon. The l^asis of settlement and manner of conducting it will than the others, could be prepared ready to send.

—

I will try

be forwarded

at

an early day. I

am

very Respectfully Yours

Aug

French

C.

Executive Department Springfield July

Dr

Sir:

I herewith

send you the form of a Bond

to

7th,

1849

be used in the

& Stebbins. This you can submit to them and should your acquaintance with such matters and its comparison with the Law suggest to you any formal alteration, you can liave it

settlement with Macalister

made

before the

Bonds

embellishments as you I

have caused

session.

to

prefer should

be forv/arded

For the advertisement,

and ma.y be best

to

accompany

will o]3Scrve that I wisli to 1)C

The

printing the

You can

are printed.

may

it

to

you a copy

will

])c

the Bonds.

Laws

of the

me

be best for

to fix

the publication of the law,

of the last it

up

itself.

here,

You

assured that the law will be carried out.

Bonds must be paid by them.

advertisement forwarded so soon as you give

matter will

designate such marginal

accompany

me

I will

have the

understand that the

to

cariied out Ijy Messrs. Macalister

&

Stebljins.

As

I

have heretofore wrote you, you can send these Bonds by express, with others you spoke of forwarding,

together wuth

printed to be used in said settlement. these Bonds.

I

the

Bonds formerly

Printed Blanks

wish these Bonds to rest

upon

the

will

answer for

same fooling

regard to transfer as the others.

Aug J.

Wadswoj-th Esqi' Nev/ York.

C.

French

in

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

2o6

(form of bond referred

No.

on the previous page.)

'j'o

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA STATE OF ILLINOIS

—

$i,ooo

—Liquida.tion Bonds—Interest yearly men by these presents, —^That due from the State

Six per cent,

Know

all

lialf

tliere is

or his assigns

of Illinois to

One

thou sand dollars with

percentum per annum, payable half yearly, January and July at the Illinois State Agency

interest at the rate of six

on the

first

office in the

The

Mondays

of

City of Nev7 York.

prinicpal of whicli

is

reimburso.ble at the above place at the

pleasure of the State after the year 1865.

For the performance of the

obligation herein created the faith of the State of Illinois,

payment

pledged, and the punctual

out of the

common

Interest

Fund

is

irrevoca.bly

of interest provided for

of the State

pro rata

and the balance out

of the

State Treasury, agreeably to an act entitled ''An act supplemental to

an act

to authorise a settlement

to diminish the State

supplemental thereto, .

This Bond

and

is

tlic

and further and an act

1st 1847,

New

York,

only by appearance in person or by Attorney accord-

and forms

rules

& Stebbins,

recorded in the Transfer Office in the City of

is transferai:)le

ing to

with ^lEicalister

Debt" Approved March Approved Feby loth 1849.

instituted for that purpose.

In testimony whereof

Governor Treasurer of Slaie

Springfield July

Dear

Sir:

I

with copies of papers received from Matheson

Bonds

hands

the

in

matter comes before

more time is

of

Howland

me in such

tlian I feel

Formans *

This

iclU'i- is

1849

I

&

Co. relating to the

New

Aspinwall of

it

York.

The

would exhaust

disposed to spare before writing you, besides it

to learn the amoiinl

claim.

&

a complicated form, that

unimportant now inasmuch as

can be done,

18,

have just received your Letter of July loth^ enclosed

am JuUy

becomes and

Jiecessary before

(rue cliaractcr of

satisfied that the

not found in Lcllcr-Books; probably

Agents

tlic letter

it

any thing

Thompson &

of the State

have

of July 11; sec post, 308.

rV-,?.

FRENCH'S LETTKR-BOOK, JUNE

207

1849

30,

never regarded their claim as luavlng the sh'ghlcst founcjalioi).

why were

&

Go's estate as others in any

However

allowed to do.

&

I

way connected

inform them

&

with the transaction, w^ere

approve your course in writing

Co. to procure the claim, with

man

so

If

they not allowed to participate in the Dividends of Wriglit

evidences on which

tlie

Thompson, and adopt some means to Bonds are allowed to remain

due, provided the

this

fill

and

rests,

it

amount due Foreadjust what is righ.tfuUy

the State will recognise any proper

tliat

&^ Aspimuall

Matlieson

to

can be done

Let

in the

me know

hands

of

Hoidaiid

the suljstance of their

answer when received. TiTily

.

Yours A. C.

Julius

Wadsworth

New

French

Escp"

York.

Executive

D EPARXArENX City of Jefferson AIo. June

30, 18.-19

To His Excellency Go\'R.

French

Dear you

Sir:

setting

have had presented

I

forth

that Benj.

to

me

today, a requisition

Sylm an, Wesley Oaks

stand charged in the County of Alexander State of

crime of Kidnapping,

&

&

from

Larimer, with

Illinois,

requiriiig that said individuals shall

tljc

be arrested

to John G. Sparks who is authorized to receive them. From the indictment which accompanies your rcquisi(ion, I learn that the name of the individual kidnapped is "Wade," and I am left to infer

and delivered up

I also find it charged that said Wade was that he was a colored man. removed to the State of i\tissouri. I learn from your messenger tliat the supposed refugees are in Cape Girardeau County Mo. I cannot

—

at this time

against

cause a warrant to issue for their apprehension.

them may have gro^vn out

of this State, to said

man Wade

as

of a right, asserted a.

slave.

I

am

the circumstances, and your messenger appears lo facts.

—

I stand ready at all

l:)y

The charge some

know

times with great pleasure lo

notliing of the

comply with

Constitution and laws of the \L Stales, in reference to refuges justice. 1

But

in

tliis

case 1 must \vilhhold

can learn whether or not the rights

of

my

some

citizen

entirely ignorant of

warrant for

[sic]

the

from

arrest, until

citizen of this State

may

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

2o8

not

involved in tbc

1)C

I will

be pleased

If it is in the

]-nntfer.

you can have the facts

power

of

your ICxcellency,

of this case furnislied to

me. In the meantime I shall take steps to know, through a friend in Cape Girardeau, if any circumstance transpired there about tlie montli of if

April 1848 calculated to throw any light on the matter.

This hiformation

shall

Kidnappers, they shall

be sought in a way, that

know nothing

of

the

if

tliese

men

are real

and shall

transaction

ultimately be delivered up. I take this occasion to express,

on behalf

of the people of iMissouri,

utmost confidence in those now administering the government Illinois. Yet on this exciting subject I cannot consent to act until

their of

I shall

know

all

the circumstances connected with the case. I

have

tlic

Honor

to

be

very respectfully

Your Obt.

Scrvt.

Austin A. King Gov. A. C. French lUinois.

Executive Department, Illinois Springfield, July

20,

1849

To His Excellency Governor King

Dear

Sir:

I

have the Honor to acJcnowlcdge the receipt of your

Excel lencys Letter of the 30th earlier

day

I learn

l>ut for

and should have replied to it at an my immediate attention.

ult.

other matters claiming

from your communication that upon

my

requisition

you have

resolved to withhold your warrant for the arrest of Sylman,

Larimer and

them

their delivery to the

to this State to ansvvcr a

messenger sent

to receive

no exception

warded with the requisition cases.

upon

I

am

is

Oaks

&

convey

charge of Kidnapping preferred in an

Indictment by the Grand Jury of Alexander County in also infer that

&

taken

this State, I

to the suOlciency of the

papers for-

or their autlicntication, as required in such

not so sure however that I fully understand the reasons

whicii your Excellcncys refusal to grant your warrant in this

instance,

is

l)a5cd, or the true

ground upon which you claim the right

FRENCH'S LETTEPv-BOOK, JULY to institute

an

if

the papers

accompanying the requisition aie

such form as to luring them within

United

case which'lcd to the finding

CDqiiir)' into the facts of the

of the Indictment,

Notwithstanding

States.

209

1849

27,

Laws and

tlie

this

in

Constitution of the

doubt and propriety under these

ciixum stances of waiting until I shall hear further from your Excellency, I

cannot omit expressing the belief that your Excellency could not Inive

me

desired

to

understand from your Letter, that in

this instance

you

claim the right to enter upon an exami)iation of the charge against these

men

in the State of Missouri,

depend upon the

guilt or

and that the issuing

upon such examination, without reference of the

General Government,

restraint

upon

of

your warrant

will

innocence of these Fugitives as made to appear

if

to the Constitution

from punishing crimes committed

the Slate of Illinois

by her

own

means

of evading successfully the criminal

citizens within her

and Laws

sustained, might result in the effectual

own

territory,

and

Laws

afford criminals the

'Fhe

of this State.

claim to such aright would inevitably become the subject of a controversy wJiich

would be coveted by the executive

Placed side

1jy side

of neither State.

as are the States of Illinois

and Missouri, with

incalculable inducements to a continued good understanding betv/een the citizens of each State

without

its

and none

for disagreement,

use to look forward to the results of

closely related to a subject in

which the

latter feels so

and which the former can have neither

way

it

may

not be

a controversy so

deep an

interest,

interest or disposition in

any

to disturb.

Confiding in the he]ici that you premises, I remain

will

do w]iat

is

just

&

right in the

Your Excellencys Obt. Servt. A. C. F^RENCH

Springfield July

27,

1849

Sir: Enclosed I send you aconnnunication which originally appeared in the

Chicago Journal.

of those Vv'hosc

make no

names

I

presume you arc acquainted with many trie bottom of it, and shall consequently them. This is but a sample of the letters

aj)pear at

further reference to

which are constantly being addressed of tlie nian,

supposed

to

to

me

in proof of the utter unfitness

have been so adroitly substituted for a

Cfiief

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

2IO

Engineer, and thus removed Ijcyond the power of discharge the duties of his I

can hardly expect

the Trustees

any

l^y

tlie

Executive, to

office.

produce any impression u]X)n the minds of

to

eiToil I

might

feel

disposed to make, to correct

abuses of this character, since the course taken by them in reference to

Mr. Gooding.

It

bccumes

to these complaints, that

removed.

my

duty however

your attention

to invite

them they may be

there exists any cause for

if

something shall be done, and competent

Uiiless

men

l)e

placed in charge of the w'ork, I shall be compelled to adopt some course

by which the matter may be

of proceedings

This

into.

wall

and

fairly

be due not to the people of the State

the Bondholders.

I

justly inquired

of Illinois only 1)ut

have not addressed Mr. Leavitt upon

as I have no copy of the enclosed communication I

am

befoj'e

vei'y respectfully

this subject

me.

Yours

Aug

C.

Trench

Capt. \Y. H. Swift

Washington City D. C.

Executive Department, Illinois Springfield July, 30 1849

Dear

In my last letter I explained to you tlie reasons wdiy it my power to pay your claim against the State. In answ^er called my attention to a variety of matters entirely new to

Sir:

w^as not within to

at

you

tliis

me.

had never received any intimation from any one that you were

I

any time in the employ

Oakley,

wdiile

you had or were of aiding

it

in

view

correct.

me

power

some

of his wishes, wliich

had

But

upon

tlie

he remarked that

he probably repeated, and for

attention called to

your

tlie

Col.

for the reason

pay you some thing

my

until I received

of passing

at,

a1)out writing to or visiting Col. Abert, with a vi(^w

prol3al)ly

afterwards, or

manner

to

him

would

that he

In a conversation with Col.

of the State.

repeating the expenses he liad been

first letter,

justice of

I

had nothing

to

it.

I heard

no more

by any one or

do not mention

your claim.

would not have been

tliat I

it

any

this with

any

In this you

likely to

do with

of

in

may

l)e all

mention the subject it,

could exercise no

cither in the allowance or the rejection of the claim.

All claims

FRENCTPS LETTER-BOOK, AUGUST arising dkectly or incidentally

Fund, which

of that

is

on account

of

25,

Canal

211

18.19

paid out

affairs are

absolutely under the control of the Trustees.

All

agencies and lawyers fees of this character have been paid in this manner, to the

amount

of thousands, as appears

hy

the Legislature

am

claims I

would do

would provide the means

I have

no power

pay

to

it,

as

and

the Auditor of State.

I referred

whose duty it board, and wlio,

Flon. J. B. Wells, ^

is

them before tlie what is right. Upon enquiry

I

your claim, among his papers

you

of this class of

you certainly ought

his return I

can

find

to the

have no doubt

I find that Col.

hands

in the

no reference I

to

am

it,

me

of

to

know,

allowance

its

Canal State Trustee, the accounts and

to receive these

a careful examination of his letters to

never

they never had and never

without a specific appropriation for the purpose and

by

am

I

the Col. could suppose

meet any

to

He knew

at a loss to discover.

it.

their report,

How

consulted about them in any particular.

will

Oakley

la.y

endeavor to do

left

no minute

of

his Administrator, and from

while in

New York

and

after

either direct or incidental.

very Respectfully Yours

Aug. C. French

John Hogan Esqr Utica N. Y.

Springfield Aug. AIy I

Dear

Sir: I have just recei\'ed your letter of

have consulted the Auditor, Afr. Cainpl)ell, who

School Commissioners, in jcgard

cluded to say

to

to

the

25,

1849

iSth

inst.

also one of

is

tlie

your pi-oposition, and we ha\'e con-

you that althougli we

liave

no authority

of

law

to accept

your proposition, or in fact any proposition of the kind, yet we will in case you shall prove successful in realising an

cent fund due the State, and will unite in

for

in.

ari-ear, in tlie

urging the Legislature

to

make you

amount of tlie three permaimer you suggest, we a most

liberval

allowance

your trouble, de})cndcnt however, upon your success, whicli

no doul}t

You

tlic I^^egislature \vill

requested our

forwarded '

will

I

have

cheerfully sanction.

ansxN'ei-

by Telegraph; the reason why it was not this. If you will undertake upon

become apparent from

Stale trustee of Illinois and ^liduKau Canal.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

212

by Tclcgrapli, and

these terms, answer ^'Yes'^

Mr.

you

Butterfield^ as

I will

writeforthwith to

re(|uested.

Truly Yours

Aug. C. Frf^nch Hon. R.

AI.

Young

Sept ioth/49 by 'Telegraph, was answered ''Yes."-

R.

M. Young

Executive Department City of Jefperson Mo. -

July 27, 1849

To His Excellency Governor French

Dear

Sir: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter

of the 20th Inst, in It is to

existed

my

Excellency, in

to

mine

the

to

demand

Laramer, three citizens

Wade

kidnapping one

and Missouri should, in any manner, comply with the requisition of your

of Illinois

failing

making

of the 30th ult.

that good understanding, which has hitherto

if

between the States

be disturbed, by

and

answer

be regretted

for Y/esley

Lyman

Oaks, Benjamin

of the State of Missouri, charged with

in the State of Illinois.

I

am

in the possession

show that the man time and now is the

of facts, incontrovertible in tlieir cliaracter, going to

Wade, charged

to

have been kidnapped, was at the

property of one Bettis, and cise of

no

lliat

state has the

power

to

make

unciualified constitutional right.

not consent, by any

will

shall '

men

those

only aided him, in the exer-

a clear constitutional right to seize and re-possess his slave, and it

do

a felony to

A

rvslit for

official act of

tlie

It is

so.

a positive,

exercise of which, I

mine, that a citizen of Missouri

be takeii in chains, as a criminal, to lUmois to be

tried.

Justin BuUorfu'ld: born in 1790, at Kccne, Nov/ Ilampsliire; 1807, entered Williams 1812, licensed to ruacticc law at Watcrtown, New York; 1814, married Miss

College;

Eli7..abeth Pierce of Schoharie, ivS3S, settled in Cliicago;

New

York; practiced law

New York

in

1841, appointed district attorney for

J

llinois

and Nev/ Oi leans; by President Plarrison;

184Q, npi'ointed cojnnii;v>io!\er of Lht; General Land Oiiicc l)y President Taylor; believer in tlie Jllint.is and i\Iicliif;an Canal; trustee of Rush Medical .College;

October,

Cook

i8,s5

(Ijateniau

and Sclby,

Jli.^Uuical

Eiuydopcdia

of Illiiiois, 1905;

a great

died in History of

Coiiniy, A. T. Atldj-eas, Chicngo, 188.4).

Many errors liad been made in paying the 3 per cent school fund to the state by the United States Land Ofike. Mr. Young found upon investigation that there was yet due For his services he received i? 1,000 the state $(3,978,12 {Iloitse Reports, 1851, 488-89). '

{Lavjs of Illinois, 1851, 163),

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, AUGUST not

It is

on which but

my

argument

j^urposc to enter into an

The

I place tliis right.

28,

State of Missouri

to

is

show the ground

asking for nothing,

up

called on, through her Executive, to surrender

is

citizens,

which, under the circumstances, I I

feel

have

it

tlie

my

213

18.19

three of her

duty to refuse.

lionor to be

very respectfully

Austin A. King His Excellency. Govi' French.

Executive Department, Illinois Springfield, Aug.

28,

1849

To His Excellency The Governor of Missouri have the Honor to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency

I

Letter of the 27th arrest justice

The

in

iilt.

and surrender from

which led

upon

this State,

true,

to the

m}'*

requisition heretofore

summary manner without upon which your

conclusions

handed you.

intimating

one form,

most expedient.

])ut it is

your Letter, that you do not in support of

feel called

from the closing

upon

to furnish

your refusal, because Missouri in

nothing, but only requested through

lier

reasons

This

of putting

not quite so clear that

I h?.ni however,

tlie

refusal rests.

he the readiest way and the inost convenient

to controversy in

the

Oaks,

Letter of your F'xcellency disposes of the question arising out of

this refusal in a ver)''

it is

mc of your refusal to order the Lyman and Laramer, fugitives from

which you inform

of

il is

may

an end always

parr.gi-apli of

any argument

this instance is

asking

Executive, to cause three of

her citizens to be arrested and delivered up for Trial in the State of I miglit imitate

Illinois.

your Excellency's example by repeating that

kidnapping had been carried that the Executive would do

answer

to

to the

towards

all in

his

power

your Flxcellency's Letter would

or inclination, as

be due

to a disgraceful extent in this state,

it

would be wanting

Governor

of JMissouri.

settling a question wlrich

to aricst

1k^

it;

and

but a captious

as unsuited to

my

taste

in tliat respect whlcli I feel to

Besides

c'y' until a settlement

them.

it

&

may be

what has been done

Bonds

any other

the restrictive Legislation in regard to

fact, aiKl

It

b}^ referring briefly to

The Law from which

supplement

to

by the

Slate could

another law based u]3on the same

effected with

Ije

the extract in your letter

is takeji,

The

fact.

is

a

indisposition

manifested by some of the holders of these Ijonds to present them with a view of carrying out the purpose of the law upon terms which appeared just,

gave

rise to this

to confine the

The

supplement.

object of this

was undoubtedly

surrender of these bonds, as a right, to Macalister

&

Stebbins and the arrangement so far as the Stale isconcerened must be

made through them

or their agents. I

am

very Respectfully,

Yours A. C. IMessrs.

Tucker N. Y.

&'

Crops

French

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, DECEMBER Crawford Dr. Sir: Yours

of the 28,

my

arranging

at present

adjournment

after the

iilt.^

The

Co. Dec.

by me

and

shall

217

18. 1S-19

where

here,

I

am

immediately

I left Springfield

of the Legislature,

here a few weeks longer.

probably remain

subject of a chajige in the Constitution

Tax, was by

relating to the 2 Mill

received

is

private affairs.

1849

.18,

me

laid before the

Assembly as talked

over between us, and sanctioned by both branches of the General

Assembly.

So

Assembly.

I

I

gave

and he

inclined to believe

Mr. Moore

dircctiojis to

forward you a

will

come up

subject will

this

am

to

it

before

the

General

next

will ultimately carry.

forward a list of canceled

Bonds

[sic]

of the canceled [sic] Certificates as 3^ou

list

Hereafter he will observe your suggestion in rega.rd to embra-

desire.

cing the latest Assignees' names, of the Bonds. of School

Fund

is

turned the small excellent

Fund

purpose for

known

to ma^ke

No

The Bond on account

word I think you have you on School Fund account, to most the benefit of the Fund, wliich I shall not fail

also received I

2274, and in a

sent

a proper time, to the People of the State.

at

I shall

probably have the amount due from the General Government for 1849, ready to send forv/ard soon or in a few months. At the same time

—

with the above I received 4 Bonds trajisierred to me, which you inform

me was done

by Robbins

&

Sons

that ever reached

me upon

for a

What

nameless person in Missouri.

Mr.

Piatt

I receive

on account

from your

the subject of these Bonds.

of

some

letter is all

I shall

probably

learn something soon fi'om the party interested, and shall hold tlicm for

such purpose.

know nothing

I

of the

Bonds given up by Mr. Macalister

enquiry of Nevins

&

Townsend

Oakley, on what account I \An-ote

Sc^,

Please

of

you that you could inform George Peabody Esq.

that provision

to Col.

make how they obtained them from Col. and let me know.

Oakley,^ but will liereafter enquire into the matter.

had been made

for

of Lonclon,

paying his claim against the State,

Bonds in his possession, placed there by the Cannot Mr. Peabody send the Bonds to Nev/ York and draw upon you there subject to difference of Exchange. I want arrangements for paying his claim and taking up the l^onds, I believe

upon

the surrender of the

State Agents.

16 or

1

7

in

'

Post, 312.

•

Sec

numljcr.

pos(, 313.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLL]£CTIONS

2i8

There of this

v/ill

shortly

forwarded

])e

when matured, you

will

to

you a draft

for $x 5,000,

pay Peabody's claim,

if

the

sum

— out is

not

sooner forwarded to you, and the amount will be shortly replaced,

The warrants

now and I making an unnecessary Carry to J any. 1850 Dividend enough to make the amount sacrifice. agreed upon, v/hcn I saw you, for tirat puipose, I see no necessity of making any change on account of Macalister and Stebbins Bonds until after July, or until after July 1850 The balance after paying Peabody and filling the Janua^ry Dividend, you will please inform me of amount, and I will give direction according to our understanding when you were here. Truly Yours upon

the sale of AA'arrants here.

Fund above

prefer using the

are on the lise

for a short time, to

Aug J.

Wadsworth

N^

C.

French

P^^q^'

65 Ex. Place

N. Y.

ExECUTiv'E Department, Illinois

Springfield Jany.

1850

31,

Dr. Sir: Yours of the 5t1i nil. reached me while absent from Springfield and when my health was such that I found it difficult to give it the This jnay account for the delay of this early consideration desired.

Upon

the passage of the late law providing for a settlement

by was placed in such a train for adjustment that the controversy would be As the Executive of closed without further delay and at an early day. the State I have felt and still feel, a strong and sincere disposition to do answer.

the State with Aiacalister

all

&

that I can consistently vvith

which

shall

be

Stebbins, I supposed that the affair

my duty

that you should suppose that I

you have seen

,

strictly just to all parties

fit

to

make,

after

to effect

had not all

a settlement under the law

concerned.

It is only

reasonable

l)ccn expecting the issue

the preliminaries

on

which

my part had been

and the whole matter upon the eve of adjustment. And this the more especially, as this matter had been previously talked over between us waived upon your part, and no steps taken to bring it for\ifard again, when it could have been made clear in the Law, until the taJcen,

very

moment

of

a final adjustment.

Resting

my

opinion of the

mode

of

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, JANUARY making the

settlcMTicnt

understood

to

upon and

its

it is

upon

plain reading of

tlie

be the design

members

of the

of

31,

tlie

trie

1850

219

Law,, and what I

General Assembly,

passage, I so expressed myself in iny conversation with you,

which

this

have directed

I

much doubt whether

ment, I very

my

agents to observe in

you

if

tlie settle-

put the question, to the

]iad

Lawyers ^vhose opinions you liavc sent me, wliether manner of reclconing payments has not been peculiar to particular States, and whether the practice does not vary in different States and that such difference is recognised in all our courts both State and National, tliey would not have answered as decidedly in the affirmative, as

truly distinguished tlie

they profess themselves satisfied in their opinion of the

Laws

of Pennsyl-

New York, upon which tliey were consulted in connection That there was sojne difficulty in making with a Law of this State. Law conform, the commercial usage of those States owing to its the to vania and

peculiar phraseology

taking

it

ti'ue

it

seems

Law was

language emplo3'ed in

meaning

Law

have been surmounted

to

for granted that the

I consider the

hi the

indicated from the opinion sent me, and the

is

only process by vvhich

Law

of the

it

it

But

in this State.

aside

to refer to a

The

of cash

& M. &

and payments made upon

course of commercial dealing.

few of them

to

make

tlu's

as one solely l)et\veen it,

sumption that

tlie

continued

iii

still

it

and

and in

Txl.

its

securities

&

It will

which

S.^

accompany

it,

according

only be necessary

appear clear and distinguishable.

State of Illinois has invariably insisted

otlier parties to

S.

upon

It lias

legislation has

treating this whole affair

refused to recognise any

proceeded upon the pre-

hypothecated to them upon their advance

their possession

and under

their control.

This fact

]nust be taken in connection with the whole course of legislatioii

the subject.

Each

it.

from what appears

other aiid different features from those which usually

common

to

we)! knovv'n that there are circumstances connected

itself, it is

an ordinary advance to the

was by

as the proper interpreter of the

with the transaction between the State of liluiois give

at last,

framed with reference

Assemldy has the hypothecated Bonds by

act of the General

object the repossession of

upon

for its })rominent

the State,

and in Law,

turn place in their stead, Ncv/ Bonds, whicli as expressed in the shall cover their entire o[ the

npon '

advance

to tlie

time of settlement or to the time

surrender of the hvpotliecated Bonds, with

the same.

MaculIsLer

&

No

possible doubt can exist that

Slobbins.

7

per cent interest

by the Law, upon the

I

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

220

siuTcndcr of the Bonds, would be due in sucli

new Bonds picciscly tlic amount advcanccd by M. &. S witli llie 7 per cent upon the same during the time and no more. Whatever would contriljute to produce any alteration, in this amount or mode of accounting, as distinctly pointed out in the Law, would to tliat extent, effect a change in the legal terms and requisitions return other

of settlement.

Bonds

The

might

fail to

&

M.

privilege given to

in lieu of those they

S.

to

surrender up was

and not designed to modify to any extent law prescribes as the only basis of settlement. To

for their convenience alone,

that which the

present the reason of the Law^ and the relation of the parlies at the time of its passage

The

but few words are necessary, and

may

be stated as follows.

which need not be here icpeated, was with the original arrangement entered into with M. & S.

State of Illinois for causes

dissatisfied

and was led to regard the transaction as unfair towards the State, and by the passage of a Law sough. t to prevent the hypothecated Bonds from This view

passing into other hands.

may

of the transaction

presumption that the Bonds are in their hands and subject

The

&

account

them, proceeds upon the

for the fact that all legislation referring to

to their con-

comply by issuing Bonds in sufficient amount to embrace the principal advanced by them with 7 per cent per annujn on the same, the interest accruing upon sucl) Bonds to be trol.

State then says to

with the terms of

tlie

J\I.

S. that it will substantially

original contract

punctually according to their legal force, provided the

To

cated are surrendered up.

surrender as

you

all

the l)onds, but

state the

amount

upon each

may have

recollected that the S.

is

answered

Bonds hypothe-

V\^e

are unable to

are willing to accept your offer so far

our claim, against the State, provided you

of

dollar for such of the

the time the State

&

it

us to deduct from the amount so specifically stated 26 cents

will allo\v

I\I.

we

this

Bonds

as w^e

may

fail to

deliver,

ol)tained possession of them, for

Bonds taken up by

the State did not

from

will

it

be

come through

but had been previously parted by them and by the State pur-

chased in the market, the larger proportion of which, as high as Forty cents to the Dollar. the exact

seems

mode

to

amount

me

that

of

The State assents to this M. e Wood, nf:ar Palestine,

III.

March 3d 1850

Dear I

Sir:

am

I

still

here awaiting

my

I'eturn to Springfield,

have been detained much longer than I had intended by

state of tlie roads.

inclosing

J\Ir.

forwarded a

five

thousand dollars in

letter to Springfield

am

I

Mr. Campbell

Co.

I

letter.

Also twelve hundred dollars

salary for 1849, besides the two

account.

&

have

with directions to forward you

pay said claim, any balance remaining

to

your hands.

by you on

heretofore advanced

where

impassal^le

letter of the 12th ult.^

Peabody's claim and IMatheson's

just

be retained

have just received your

I

tiie

hundred and

my

to

to

cover your

thirty or forty dollars

account, instead of

interest

tlie

fund

thus specific in stating these several items, that in case

to

whom

I

have entrusted the forwarding the money,

shall

forward a single draft embracing

how

to appropriate

all

these amounts, you will know-

it.

Trtdy Yours

Aug

C.

New

York.

Copy

of a Lei ley fro ui Governor Ford

Peorl\ April His Excellency Augustus Governor of Illinois

Dear to

French

Wadsworth Esq^

Julius

Sir: I this

make a

C.

day received your favor

short reply to

it

17,

1850

FrexNch

immediately.

of

tlie

15th

inst.

Some month

and hasten

or two since

lines from IMr. Brower wlio is the administrator and Son of Col Oakley enclosing a few lines from ISIoore Secy fund comi' &^ making enquiries concerning the same matter to which your letter relates. Mr. Brower re(|uested an early answer which I neglected to send on account of severe and long continued sickness which

I received a

fev\^

also the Step

me to neglect many oilier matters as well as this. now state to you tliat I never heard of tlie transaction

caused I

your '

letter

relates until I received

Po^l, 317.

Mr, B rower's

letter.

to wliich

]\iy

strong

FRENCH'S LETTER-EOOK, APRIL impjTSsioji

bonds or

some

bonds^

letter in

to

If I

The truth know any

is

ever did,

possession of his family.

me, his family ouglit

to

223

Oakley any authority

that I never gave Col.

is

for the State whaJever.

'

1850

17,

be

it

If

al)le to

to receive

can be found on record

he ever delivered these 5 show a rec(u'pt for them.

he never did deliver these bonds

me, and

to

if

I ever did

thing about these 5 bonds, the matter had so completely

my ]-ecoIlcction that when I received Mr. Brov»^er's letter it me to be entirely a new thing. However it is not safe for depend on his memory about transactions which were so multi-

faded from

seemed one

to

to

committed

farious as those

authority

whole I

am

inclined to be

my

to

Oakley had,

Col.

But whatever

charge as Governor.

must be

any,

if

in

Upon

the

was the

step

vvTiting.

on Mr, Brower's opinion,

as he

son of Col. Oakley, as I understand he was, he v/as likely to have heard

something on the subject.

I

have not his

he states in substance that his understanding

bonds as

these this is

pa.y for ''doing

not the true version, and

avow

now

letter

is tliat

Col.

before me but Oakley received

something about the Legislature." it

If

seems that the family do not hesitate

my

Oakley

after

receiving these bonds, (whether witli or without authority,) took

upon

to

it,

then the fact

himself the pov/er of selling to be able to find out in

be glad

will

In of

if

clear in

is

them

again.

New York who

niind, that Col.

It

seems

to

me

that you ought

put them in market again.

I

the result of your enquiries sbaJl justify Col. Oakley.

common

with

all

our friends I desire to express to you

my

feelings

sorrow and regret for the early death of Genl. Cooly late ^Secretary

of State;

and allow

appointment

of Air.

me

you should learn any more

If

be then alive you would I

also to state

how much

Gregg, as his successor in

ol)ligc

have been confined

to

of this Col.

me

my

very

fill

up

a

write

it

over and perhaps I

by the

Oakley

affair,

and

I

should

this letter.

done no kind I

have written you, but I

may

of busi-

cannot say that

am

too

I

am

weak

I

am

)-espectfully

Your Obt.

Servt.

Tno:JAS Ford See post, 313.

to

not be able to-morrow to answer you

at alk

'

it.

house and most of the time to bed for

deed and write

entirely satisfied v;ith wliat I

gratified

much by letting me know about

moi-e than three weeks, during that time I have

ness except to

am

I

office.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

224

Pekin April

]

7 111

1850

His Excellency

Aug

French

C.

Dr

Sometime since I received a letter from Mr. Moore ir Bonds asking information &^. I wrote to Gov. Fore on the subject and have not received an answer, but leo-rn from Capt. Kennedy that the Gov. is too unwell to attend to any business 01 correspondence, and says he does not recollect any thing in relation tc Sir:

relation to Fi\^e

But

these Bonds. I noticed

(if

done for them speak full)

At

of.

in Mess. Macalisters a/c current with

not mucli mistaken) they ga^^e him

at the Legislature, these m.ay ha.ve first leisure

and send you a copy

moment

I

my late

Bonds

five

Father

for services

been the Bonds you

look over the papers (a trunk

v,'ili

of this account.

With sentiments I

of

much

respect

remain Your Obt.

Servt.

P. A.

Brower

Extract of a Idler from Geni J. D. WJiitesidc toucliing the subsfajice of the follo7ving

letter

—

WiiiTESiDES Station I received a letter

account with

of our

May

8th 1850

from you some two weeks since upon the subject ]\iessrs.

was nothing due them ever anxious to furnish

&

Forman.

I

we had

received.

They were how-

Thompson

for the Iron all tlie

can

state there

Iron that they contracted to the State or

w^aitcd

would look to us for damages and upon that suggestion I upon a gentleman from Pennsylvania then in London (Sampson

Tarns)

who was

else they

of Iron,

acting as agent for a ]\ailroad

and ascertained that

I

Company

in the purchase

could dispose of the Iron.

had another interview with Thompso]i

After that

&

Forman, and referred them to a stipulation in their contract which requii-ed them upon a contingency then existing, to receive Illinois Bonds, which tliey declined to

I

and there the conference ended, leaving them no rights or dues from law or equity Had they been willing to have fulfdled their agreement upon the receipt of Bonds as stipulated, I would have do,

Illinois, either in

made

it

with the

—

a profUiiblc contract for the State, by

money

(Signed)

tlie

purchase of Bonds

received for the Iron.

John D. WhitI'Side

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, :MAY

1850

19,

225

Springftkt.I) \[[\y u), ICS50'

Dear

Since I wrote you (o enquire further in relation lo the

Sir:

Thompson

nature of the claim of

hands

in the

come

to

my knowledge

of final adjustment. full for

every

pound

which may

possible to

&

&

the

Bonds

Co. some facts have

some bearing upon

the question

Forman haxe been paid

make any

The

And

claim, arises

by them

the only ground

upon a question

in

to the State

of the State to receive iron

of Iron, contracted for

comply

with.

If they

iron ^i^

would

ha,ve

and give them bonds

influence with

damage

me

i-esold, as

These are

in the final

facts

for default of contract

tended lien upon Bonds which

is

will

they refused to

their contract the

per a conditional con-

which must have a con-

on the part

—but

do

If

of Illinois, I

not through a pre-

utterly groundless.

be placed upon just footing the State

accordance

in e.xoxt

settlement of the matter.

myself to have them remunerated

will exert

upon which it damages only,

which they never

Vv-liich

had gone on and completed

been received and

tract with another purchaser.

they can show

of

agent of the State of Illinois offered to receive the whole

with the stipulations, as seen in their contract,

trolling

upon

to lien

of Railroad material furnished

an omission on the part

furnished.

amount

ha\'c

Wright

That Thompson

by the most conclusive evidence. for

Forman

under the contract can be made clear and unquestionaljle

of Illinois

is

&

of the assignees of Jno.

If this

strict justice.

If

matter can not I shall

take occ3.sion to lay the whole matter before the General Asseml)ly,

with such suggestions and rccommendatiojis as I think nature of

tliis

claim, in

tliis

form, deserves

matter to the Agents of Messrs.

whose knowledge

will at

—-You can

Thompson

tlie

groundless

suggest this

& Forman

in

New

new

York,

once enable them to see the justice of what

here said.

Truly Yours

Aug Julius Wadsv/orth l^sqr

New '

York.

For answer see

post, ^^Q-

C.

French

is

IJ.LTNOJS T-USTORICAT. COLI.ECTIOjNS

226

JJepartm kn't

ExiccuTivi':

SrpJNGFiET.D June 3d 1850^

Dr. Sir: to

me

I

have Just received your Letter of the 22nd uU.^ referring

a question of doubt which seems to have arisen between yourself

and

-iNIr.

istcr

&

from

INIr.

nate to

and much

parties concerned

tlic

difficulty

should start up.

inducements regarded as

be regretted that at every

Law, such as that under what ought to be

the State had, to pass a

Vv-liich

the

issue of

any class

have the whole

affair effectually

them what she has not done

in

of her other creditors,

and

S.

was

thereby

the desire

The Law

finally closed.

any other case, that

&

M.

stock for her entke indebtedness to

a paj:

is if

tenders

they will cause

be surrendered specified ]:!ypothecated stock originally placed in

hands, that

it

shall Ije re]3laced

with promptly paying interest

upon

covering the Original advance with interest

can

and

now

consider briefly that pj-ovision of the

V\-ell

which the difference between of the

from

Law

to aid

j\I,

&

it.

be expected by the parties in

just

iaiv as

5-ou arises.

2'^^^

Sec. of the

was

It

tlieir

Bonds

This seems as interest.

Law

I will

out of

oljviously the design

S. as far as practicable, in extricating

liabilities incidentally

new

have supposed that among the strongest

I

greatly prefcnTng tliem to

to

to

letter

It is surely unfortu-

to close this matter of difference, a

which you are acting, authorising

to

have also received a

Illinois, I

Macalister relating to the same m.atter.3

which has been taken

step

controversy Ijctwcen Macal-

I*,lacalister in tlie s;it(lcmcnt 01 the

Stebbins and the State of

themselves

connected with the transaction, by preserv-

ing the La^v licreioiore e]jactcd, against a specified class of Bonds, in force,

and keeping

ment

of

is

also in view

tlie

proA'idcd tlicn, that a certahi

statement of

M.

& S.

hypotliecated Bonds,

sliall

who

1:)e

number

Bonds

holders of

comply

siicJi

\\\[h the

For answer sec

'See

ol^ject,

Bonds a

within a limited

?\[.

&

S.

post, 331.

letter

.'^oe

It

the formal

be allowed to receive

post, 325.

number

of liquida-

in all cases

where the

certain

and

Bonds refused lime tlie Bonds so

who should luue

posl, 3.? 7.

'For Macalistcr's

be interested.

held sid^ject to the order of those holding

hy]H)ihecaded Stock or

Law

a final settle-

Bonds based upon

so retained for a specified time,

then be returned to *

of

at a specified rate, shall

u])on the surrender of hypothecated tion

one prominent

wlrole matter, so far as the State could

tire

or neglected to set apai't

should

(he privilege of exchanging

FRi!:Ncrrs other tlian

s])eciricd

tlic

can see no cause of the

letter-book, june Bojuls for tliosc so held

for doul)t or

foi-

I find the

Law

I

meaning

to the

second Section, or any want of harmony between

Upon

227

other parties.

misapprehension in regard

material provisions in other sections.

an(] other

it

a vcr)^ careful comparison,

as printed, to be a literal transcript fi-om the original

furnished by Mr. Macalister to Genl Cooly

my

1850

5,

recommendation

of its

who

same

the

laid

witli

passage before the Finance Committee.

In

the progress of the settlement the wliole affair seems to be tending to the very point I to

saw

it

approaching when the suggestion, was

persuade the State to recognise the creditors of

her own, instead of having

to

Jviessrs.

do with her own proper

first

M.

made

8z S. as

As

creditors.

I

have remarked in a previous communication the State can only recognise her

own

the interest

and

creditors in this transaction,

doubly preferred them

Bonds and given jNI. & S. besides drawn from the present Law,

inferences to be

settlement with theix other creditors.

asking rather too

much

creditors exclusively in

has

in doing this she

She has continued the legal ban upon

to others.

the full advantages of all to aid

It really

of the State to release

them

seems

M.

&

to

S.

in effecting a

me

that

and take

it is

their

hand and open a new controversy with a score and proljably for the next quarter

of interested parties instead of one, of a century

possible that

upon

M.

if

the ground of repudiation or

&

S. shall

surrender the

full

its

equivalent.

It is

balance of hypothecated

Stock after leaving out the 176 Bonds and waiting without intimating

any difference generally I

of opinion, that those holding the

come

hypothecated

have no objection upon the payment of

that time shall be allowed to see

what I

effect

am

all

it

such balance by

may have upon

yet

M. &

S.

the parties.

very Respectfidly Yours

Aug J.

may

in.

C.

French

Wadswortli Esqr

N. Y.

Springfield June

5,

1850

to niorrow's mail a Treasury

Dr. Sir: Enclosed 1 shall send )-ou Ijy Warrant drawn u]>on the assistant Treasurer New York for $11,607,78. Out of this sum you will take $65,15 and an amount exactly sulhcient to cover tlie l)alance of School b'und in your hands which is a fev/ dolhirs.

ILLINOIS JTTSTORICAL COLLECTIONS

228

These two you will deduct

ivom. the

The balance

will

Bonds

Diaft

Fund

for the School

amount

I

i )j"af I

be held

]jy

and ca.ny to my piivute account. you to purchase interest payinj^

subject to the following directions.

do not receive a draft from

3^ou

the

of the

me

meet the

to

have been notiiled as issued

of liquidation

If

on $150,000,

interest

Bonds before

which allowing for $900, which will come from the fund, leaving necessary to meet it in full $3,600 you will take

the ist of July,

—

interest

amount

this last

can

for this

then at once

ca.rry

except as above, and

purpose and apply

tlie

balance to the credit of the School Fund,

let the

balance so held in reserve rest until ist

July or until you receive the Draft I design to forward to dation

Bond

interest.

You can

for the School Innid with the

means

in

me on

place in the proper School

its

as above St Louis,

year.

To

arises out of

your hands.

amount

Fund

advances by

and the purchase

meet the

liqui-

use your discretion in purchasing Bonds

sary to use the $3,600, for interest, the

supply

You

to the interest.

it

me

will

If

it

Ijccomes neces-

be soon forwarded to

account.

The amount due

here on exchange on Draft

of a small lot of Scrip for said

Fund

last

arrange as requested above balaiices the account in the proper

Department

here.

Truly Yours

Aug J.

C.

French

Wadsworth Esqr New York

Springfield June

Dr warded

Upon a me of the

Sir: to

Law

1850

reexamination of the account as stated and forcondition of the account between Macallster

Stebbins and the State of attentio]! to the

10,

Ilh'nois, I

have thought

wdiich requires that

upon

it

&

proper to call your

no liquidation Bond can issue

amount of the same relation to the amount of such liquidation Bond, as the actual amount found due to jNIacalister & Ste].)].)ins shall bear to the whole amount of outstanding hypothecated

in

any case

excejit

the actual surrender of such

speciGed indebtedness as shall bear

.securities

tlie

required to be surrendered up.

rests entirely of the al)0ve

The

execution of the

Law

upon the observance of this rule both as respects the issue named Bonds and the siurender therefor of the hypothe-

cated securities.

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, JUNE It is

most

likely that a draft for the

Bonds

liquidation

will

S3600

to

1850

27,

meet

229

interest o)i (he

tlic

reaeh you previous to the 1st of July.

Yours

Aug J.

Wadsworth N. York

C.

French

Esq'"

Executive Department SpRiNoriELDj June

Dr to

In your Letter of the i8th^ inst you say you expect to

Sir:

England soon, and it

even impossible under

difficult

liul

1850

9,

231

an approach can. be made

if

to

settlement.

This Letter in

may

Mr. Dyer or yourself

serve either for

any communication you

may

Forjnan while )ou are in London touching I

am

as directions

&

make Messrs. Thompson

feel free to

matter.

tliis

Very Respectfully

Yours A. J.

C Frp:xch

V/adsworth Esqi"

New York Springfield Aug

Dr. Sir: Your Letter

June did not reacli

of the i8d"i

cause until within the last few days which

and besides

delay, it

in

as full

I

am

an answer as

may

at present so busily

me

1850

some

for

account for any seeming

engaged that

In fact we seem

I could wish.

9th,

I

cannot give widely

to differ so

our construction put upon the Statute which has been the cause of so

niuch controversy, that a lengthened correspondence would seem to

promise no good

result.

If

it

were

me

possil^le for

to

adopt your con-

struction I should certainly give directions to have the matter forthwith settled accordingly, Init really I

Statute you can to

make

object.

come

the Statute inconsistent \^dth Witliouf; quoting

well understand,

we can

cannot see how from the readijig of the

it

may

whether

see

Its first provisions

itself,

its

besides defeating

wliicli

hy

refer to

it

from the act

l)e suliicient to

They seem

you support.

to the conclusion

its

me

time we toleraljly

this

in general terms,

when

provisions and obvious purpose harmonise.

contemplate the eniirc surrender of specified

after crediting the State

to

obvious

a specific

sum

for those already

securities,

redeemed.

The surrender of the hypothecated securities by subsequent provisions is made exclusively su1>jcct to your order and direction, and whether amounts due issue

can

1)e

we approach

to otlier parties arc

made

issued l)y the State

suc^h

Bond.

all

tlie

sworn

to or

not

is

iinmaterial as no

Now

any party witliout your sanction or order.

the point in issue

claim must in

rendered to

to

the relation

v/liicli is

winch every Bond

under your order and towards the settlement

of

cases sustain at the time to the aiuount actually

your sui--

agent of the State as the considciation of the issue of

'ITte

Statute recjuircs that

surrendered the State

may

issue,

but

when sums

it

is

of

even §20,000 are

expressly required that the

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

232

amount issued shall bear the same as the actual amount due sustains

How

Stocks.

meaning

plain

amount so surrencleied amount of hypothecated

relation to the to the entire

then can the law be complied with either

or in

litera,ll_y

its

a greater amount shall be issued by the State upon the

if

surrendered bonds than the whole amount due you bears to the amount of outstanding

Bonds.

manifestly be the case

promptly, and this

?

And to comply with your views, would not The interest on the new issue has been be continued to be projnptly done,

>vili

a ch.ance that the Bonds will ever come forward

You

inducement.

suflicicnt

spea.k

it

seems

to

paid

there

is

this is

a

if

me

such

repudiation and the studious

of

reserve of the State to avoid this charge.

It is

me

very difficult for

perceive a clearer case of repudiation than Vv'ould be effected ing with the construction you give the Statute.

seems to

It

to

by comply-

me

that

every effort to close the miatter betv\'ecn yourself and the State but

complicates the difficulty by creating

upon surrender

offers

of her

bonds

Stock v/orth par, for the o.dvance the same, if

to

be

made

and as

fair,

it

upon a

it

will

I regret

State

paying

her with 7 per cent interest on will willingly

representation of the matter, but I very

much

dou.bt

be arranged according to your construction of the Statute.

it

sincerel}', for after

Bill with the

at last there

the

full

The

I liave often previously ]-emarked

you have been damaged I have no doubt the State

rectify it

which seems

new embarrassments.

to furnish p]-orapt interest

]:>oints of

chairman

a careful and critical examination of the

of the

seemed a prospect

Finance Committee, I

diffeience are wider than

felt gratified that

Instead of this however,

of settlement. l.'cfore.

Hoping

there

may

yet

a v/ay open for the settlement, I

am

veiy respectfully Yours

Aug Cha^

C.

French

]\Iacalister,

Philadelphia.

SnUNGEIELD Aug.

Dr

Sir:

The present is I believe

sioners for Illinois have

the

first

time

all

been present and so much

24,

the School

1850

Commis-

at leisure as to give

the sul)ject of your last communication their joint consideration.

We

we have no by rendered you without

have considered the matter well and conclude

])o\ver to

pay any

specific

the pi-cvious sanctioii. of

sum

Law.

for services

tliat

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, OCTOBER

Wc we

1850

3,

233

prefer tlicrefore to Jet the subject of your compensation rest

at first advised you, that

ages of the School

Fund due

if

you succeeded

we would

the State

unite in urging the Legis-

you adequate compensation, which as you $7,000 we shall most cheerfully do.

lature to allow

We

car witness dial since the action of

Company became

the

could have been suipasscd. consider

-39

Iveu;is]ature, l)y wiiicli

work of examination and survey and energy which I do not think

interested, the

pushed forward wdth a zeal

lias l)een

1851

i,

I therefore

indulge the hope

tliat

you

will

compatil)le with your public duty, to extend the time of the

it

reservation of the sales of land along said lines of road or wherevei-

changes

may be

enable

to con}pIete the surveys

it

required by the

Company, for a short period longci', and make selections of their Lands.

to

and

I am. with respect

Esteem Very Respectfully Yours

Aug

French

C.

Executive Department Springfield D'A. Sir:^

I

have the honor

Letter of the to aid

inst.

acknowledge the receipt

to

in aiding

with you.

riuist rest

your

of

In reference to the employment of assistants

you

Board

are,

as

may

will

tlie

survey,

The appointment

advantage and are qualified.

and preparation

little

and

01

tlie

familiar with

tiie

the analysis of speci-

of either

shall

arrangement of the

Mr. Varner or

Board

The Board

if

Air.

details

Worthing

they can be emplo)ed

only desires that the work

be pushed forward with as mucli zeal

G. Norwood, state geologist.

'

Dr.

'

TJie board

J.

to aid you,

emplo}'ed, the

only in a general Avay take notice of the expense, and the

or both will be eiitircly satisfactory to the

of survey

l)e

The members

by you.

geiicral progress of the worl:, leaving the to yourself.

be employed

readily be supposed, but

character of the labor required in

mens, and

shall

which they may

willing shall be determined

is

Board,-

puq^ose of the survey, much

to carry out the

Whether one or two

as well as the portions of the year,

bUUe

1851

i,

you in your survey and the portion of time they can be profitabh'

employed

to

Sept.

was ex

{La-ios of lUinois,

officio,

consisting of the governor, auditor,

and treasurer

of the

1851, 154).

*Araos Henry Worthcn (Wortlun): born October 31, 1S13, at ]iradfo2-d, \'cnn.>n(; emigrated to Kentucky; 1S36, reniON'cd to Warsaw, Illinois; 1S36-42, taught srhool, surveyed land, and kept a store; 1842-44, lived in Boston, Illinois; 1851-58, assistant geologist in Illinois and Iowa; ]\larch 22, 1858 iMarcli 6, 1SS8, slate geologist of Illinois; died .March 6, i8S8. Professor Worthin was curator of the Natural History ^hipcuni. Jiulhor of several valuable scientific papers, and member of numerous sclentilk societies iu this coimtry and Kuropc (Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, u;05; Blue Book of Illinois, 1905). 1S3.1.

—

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

240

and

cnej-gy, as the

means

With a view

at its disj^osal will allow.

the correspondence between us as simple as can well

l)e,

you

to

make con-

will

tinue to address your communications to me, at the request of the

Board. I

am Very

Truly ^\ours

Aug

French

C.

Springiield Nov.

26, 185

Messrs. In order to meet the interest upon the Macalister I ha,ve

upon

The

concluded to give

the,

&

these Bonds, $253,358,79, on the

first

of

Stebbins Bonds,

The amount due

following directions.

January 1852,

$7,600.

is

proportionate Dividend upon them will be $1,773,50, leaving to

To

be provided for $5,826,50.

meet

balance you will take from

this

previous ijistalments as follows— From the third Instalment $500, from the seventh $1500, from the 8th $500, from the 9th $2,000, from the

loth $1,326,50,

making

few days, so soon as

I

sum

the

The

due on these Bonds.

of $5,826,50, to be applied to interest

residue of interest

Vv'ill

go

forvv'ard in a

very

can notify Mr. Dyer.

Very Truly Yours

AvG ISIcssrs.

&

V/adsw^orth

New

C. Fji].:NCH

Sheldon

York.

Executive DEPAiriiiENX

My Dear

Sir:

I

have I'eceived your

letter in

which you

call

my

making a further and stronger effort to procure from the General Government the same per cent upon the sales of Governirjent Lands, for Land Warrants, within this State, as when sold for cash. I have all along insisted upon Ihih as being nothing more than what is strictly just to the State, and obviously within the spirit I have stroiig of the compact under which we come into the Union. doubts if this will be admitted by the Government. Still I would not attention to the propriety of

wilUngly neglect to use

judge rightly

ward

in

this claim.

all

supposing If

I

reasonable exertions to procure

have no authority

however you

will

to

undertake

it,

You

it.

employ agents

and succeed,

to forI

will

l-lU-NCrrS n^-ontmcnd •^afii^fy

any

LETTER-BOOK, DECEATBER

to the Legislature to

you for your trouble

oilier

terms

in

r

make you such

an allowance as shall

would not

feel at liberty to offer

in full.

the absei:ice of

24

4,

I

authoriry to do so.

all

Truly Your Friend

Aug

C.

French

Executive DEPAP.TLfENT, Illinois Springfield, Jany 15th 1852

To Hrs Excellency The Go\^EiiNOR of IsIissouri had transmitted

Sir: I have

me

to

in

answer

to

my

Requisition upon

your Excellency, dated July 19 1851, for the delivery up

Chardy, Boyer with

ilie

&Marcan,

criine of

following

is

fugitives

kidnapping, a

from

letter

justice

from

addressed to

[of]

Messrs.

this State,

charged

my agent,

of

"City of Jefferson Mo. Dec. "Sir:

I

am

directed

by the Governor

ently with his views of his duty,

Excellency Iio}'er

tiie

Governor

to say that

comply with

St

the Requisition of his

Chardy,

me

ot

your

obt. Servt.

EwiNG

Sec. of State.

Vrain."

It will 1h^

by

deserved that

tin's

note

with said requisition—that I'.xcellenc}-'s

refusal

your E.xcellency be ]>leased it

1851

&: Ivlarcan.

'^E. B.

it

4,

he cannot consist-

of Ihinois for the surrender of Messrs.

"Very Respt. your "Mr.

which the

a copy.

be from any defect

for oth.er causes, that

T

in

to

to

it

is

me no

clue to the reasons

comply with my

requisition.

Will

inform the reasons of your refusal, that

the papers

may

addressed to the messenger sent

affords

sciit,

it

may

be

su])j)lied,

liave the [opportunity] of satisfying

or

I'^xcellcncy in the matter. I

am

very ]^espcctfully

Yom- Obdt

Scivt

Aug

C.

if

your

French

ILi;iNOIS

342

HISTORICAL COI>LECTIONS Executive Department, Springfield, Iltjnois,

'

Janunry

Dear DeUer

Sir:

me

honor to acknowledge the receipt of your and shouJd have returned you an answer at an

but have been prevented

Letter.

occupy as a public

have no more

I

])y

ill

And

healtli.

any misconception on your part

to say in order to avoid

the relation I

1852

Ikivc the

I

of the i6th ult.

earlier day,

15,

officer, to the

do with the

to

regard to

subject matter of your

tvvo mill tax to

which you

To

regulate

refer,

any other

either in the dividend or in the distribution, than yourself or disijiterested person.

allow

he]-e

in

and control these is, by the Constiunder the direction

tution

and Laws

of the

Auditor and Treasurer of State, the former

of this State placed exclusively

performing

officer

New

similar duties in this respect, as the Comptroller of the State of

Either or both of these officers could probably furnish you more

Yorlc.

manner

satisfactory reasons for the

than

be able

I shall

in

which they discharge

Yet, while I

to do.

am

j)recluded

exerting any influence or agency over their duties, I

their duties,

by

am

Law from

not the less

sensible, as a State officer, to the discharge of their duties according to the

and Laws.

Constitution

liad the

Ivlessrs.

me

Barings applied to

for

any explanation on account of v/hat appeared strange or unaccountable to

them

any transaction

in

which they had or

in

felt

an interest

in fully

understanding, instead of solely relying upon casual informants and

thereupon grounded their charge of bad faith on the part of the State, 1

sliould with great cheerfulness

[information] in

my

can address

creditor

may have an

mill

Tax

to

])rovision of

case with

is

a

all

interest,

me

si)ecia.l

without receiving an ans\ver.

makes

a,

The

pa,rt of

it,

upon every

was voted upon

and from that time has been

deposited and set aside

in.

(he

distinct

as

is

the

aaid ;idoptcd

by the

in force in this State.

two mills

shall

worth of 'J'axable Property

dollaj-'s

Laws

Constitution and consequently this

})iovision to wliich 1 refer, requires that

collected

The two

by means of an extract from the iMcssrs.

Tax, levied and collected under a

our other taxes.

Pcoi)le in April 1848,

first

a Letter of inquiry upon a subject in which the

our State Constitution, and not by temporary

])r()vision, Nvhich

The

]tic

which you refer

Barings Letter,

No

power.

c]-cditor,

have furnished them the most amjjle creditor of the State or agent of such

be levied and iri

the State,

Treasury from other Revenue, and on the

day of January each year

shall

be divided pro rata upon

all

Bonds

FRENCH'S I.ETTER-BOOK, JANUARY

15,

Law

243

and Canal Bonds

preseiiled at the Ti-easury for that purpose (ScJiool

excepted) and the

1852

and the

requires that the Auditor shall direct

Treasurer pay out accordingly.

In this

way

w^as designed to provide

it

a kind of sinking fund v/hich should operate to this extent, to the gradual

discharge of a special class of the State indebtedness, for which no

means

extraordinary

Under

this pj'ovision,

proper

oJaicers

apply the two mill Tax.

was adopted with I caused a copy of

in

way, and for

this

is

nearly four years since,

to ])e sent to the Messrs. Barings,

it

my memory

by a

does not mislead

communication which

special

this provision to ])e

and many

the State Agencies in

I

fail to tliis

make

interest in being

me

I

practicable

be given, practicable, to

it,

w'ho

is

all

tliose

and you ma,y well suppose

heard the complaint

And

It v/as also sent to

The knowledge of it What more to do so.

now made

of

or that you have

it

you knew

the time v>'hich you could possiljly ask for, since

It nrlglit

desire.

if

very reasonably be asked where

tlicre vrere

cause for

the existence of the Constitution,

is

of l)e

it

tliose

this,

it is

is

Bonds

the cause

having no knowledge of

would seem more appropriate for

male, than those having no cause.

matter to be

of

do not learn from your Letter or that of the Messrs.

of complaint, even

these to

was

want

the fact, to present at (he Treasury of this State any numljer of

you miglit

it

?

who

ignorant of this provision of the

Barings, that either of you were unacquainted with

not had

it

caused

I also

or could reasonaljly be expected to

informed of

tliat I

notice or information.

understood.

it

have been done?

not without surprise

Constitution?

addressed to them,

I

had caused the most ample notice

had an

I also invited their attention to

Country and Europe.

extended as far as seemed to

w-as necessary to

its

others,

provisions.

published in the Nev/ York papers wnth such com-

ments as could hardly

w^as

me

the

So soon, as the Constitution

and which

this provision,

this puijjose,

that they might be fully informed of the Letter and spirit of If

Canal

w^as already provided, as in the case of the

Debt.

I

take the secret of the

generally considered that the

amount

to

be di\'ided

so small that large capitalists will not send forw^ard their large

amount

Bonds, as the sum they might receive by way of dividend would not a suHlcicnt inducement to

make them

fractional.

In this respect

the provision operates contrary to the wishes of our People,

have already been taken

hope the present years

(h'videiul will

be the

therei)y cut off the just complaint, that

holder of

Bonds

and steps

to eilect a cliange in the Constitution

it

ov(n- the larger holder.

last

gives

which

a,n

will

and

I

be made, and

advantage to the small

The amount

of Bon.ds pre-

244

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

sentecl at the

Tieasury

January, the present montli, only amounted

in

If you had sent forward tJie little over. Bonds you refer to, and those of Messrs. King & Son, and Goodhue & Co. had also come in, the dividend would have amounted to the merest

to about $670,000,

perhaps a

It is in this

fraction.

desired by the People,

change

I

have said

tlie

attempt

respect that

and hence

in the Constitution,

it

does not operate as

now making

and place aU holders

to effect a

Bonds upon a more

of

satisfactory equality.

am

I

very Respectfully Yours

Aug

French

C.

Executive Departjient Springfield, Illinois,

Feby

17 th 1852

To His Excellency The Governor of Missouri Sir:

have received your Excellency's answer

I

previous date, in which

my

I refer to

to

my

Letter of a

your refusal to surrender up, upon

Requisition, iMessrs. Clardy, Marcan, and Boyer, fugitives from

justice

from

napping.

this State,

and who stand charged with the crime

taken to the papers forwarded with

proper authentication, or

if

my

But

[sic].

in order to entitle

if

I

my

would not be

understand what

is

Requisition, either as to their

the Indictment were supported

of the facts therein charged, the persons

ahedged

Kid-

of

from yom' Excellency's answer that no exception

I infer

is

by proof

guilty of the crime

required by your Excellency

Requisition to a favorable consideration,

it

is,

that the facts to be proved to sustain the Indictment, shall likewise

be laid before you. acter,

This unusual requirement

under the Constitution and Laws

some

to create

surprise,

and cannot

unexpected embarrassments. all

the facts which

may prove

If

another, to

seems

to

me

excej.)tion

l)e

judged

in.

fail if

in all cases of like char-

United States,

adopted

your Excellency

is

calculated

and upon having

to lead to novel insists

the crime to liave been committed, as

well as the charge ilsclf, laid before

reason for an

of the

you

in all cases,

and

I

can see no

favor of one case which would not be good for

of before

that the constitution

your WaiTant

and Laws

is

allowed to issue,

it

of the United States regukit-

ing such cases will answer a less ])urpose there than has generally been

supposed.

I

am

not aware, as }'our Excellency has not informed me,

FRENCH'S LETTER-BOOK, APRIL by what to

be

title

lield l)y

the person charf^ed to Iiave l)cen

any

Excellency that

I

1S52

Kidnapped

245

is

ci

aimed

your from the most unquestionable evidence,

citizen of Missouri, but I take occasion to assure

am

satisfied

that the person cliargcd to

no person can lay claim

have been Kidnapped

to

him

as such

is

not a slave

—^That

upon any plausible grounds

Charles Bartelle, the person charged to have been kidnapped,

whatever.

was Born

lo,

in the State of llhVjois since the O/'d/iance [sic] of

1787

made

v.'as

"North Western Territory." He is what is usually in this State denominated a "French Negro," whose ancestors came to this State from Canada, with the early ^'French Settlers." He is consequently free by virtue of the Ordnance [sic] of 1787, free by the Constitution of this State, and by the decisions of our highest courts, and the courts of neighboring States. I know of no claim which, can be set up applicable to the

to the services of this

person as a slave, which might not be jnade with

equal propriety a.gainst any citizen of Missouri or

While as the lixecutive

of this State I shall

Illinois.

be ever ready to comply

with the requirements of the Constitution and Laws of the United States, by furnishing all necessary facilities for restoring Slaves to their owners, it equally becomes my duty to insist that it shall not be made a cover to shield persons from the crime of Kidna]3ping to reduce free men to Slavery. I

am

Very Resj^ectfully

Your Excellency's Obt.

Sevt.

Aug EXECUTIV]^.

C.

French

D l':ry\R'J7dEN

Springfield, Illinois, Apr. lo^h Sir:

I liave the

honor

to

aclinowlcdge the receipt of your

ig^'.

letter of

the 26th ult. in which you n^iake mention of certain Bonds, issued the State of Illinois, which are in possession of the Institution over

you

It is not

]3resi(le.

of the

went

manner

in

your Viands.

into

suflicient to say that

Macalister

&

necessary for

me

to enter into

which these bonds were parted This

from the

is

witli

upon

the State, or It is

Steblnns as the only party in the transaclion with

a view to bring ahout a just settlement. tliat

by

the State has recognized Messrs.

Various laws liave been enacted by the Legislature of

hccn

any explanation

as familiar to you as myself.

first

the surrender of the

by

which

A

this State

it.

with

leading feature in each has

Bonds hypothecated

the State

would

ILLINOIS TTLSTORJCAL COLLECTIONS

246 issue"

her Bonds, infercst paya1:)]c half yearly, for

upon

ing interest in the

law of 1851 allowing

Bonds, that

of

is

A

the advance at 7 per cent.

of those

who contributed any to make affidavit of

those

all

who might

hold any of this class

&

hypothecated to Macalister

portion of

tlie

Stebbins, and

funds received of them by the Slate,

sum advanced, and by

the

due Ihem, rccl.on-

all

provision was iiiseried

surrendering up

tlie

hypothecated Bonds they should receive the State Bonds covering their

advance with seven per cent interest upon such advance

The sum

liquidation.

to

to the time of

be issued in Bonds by the State

to

bear the

amount received originally from them with 7 per cent the amount hypothecated, allowing to the State at the rate inteiest, to of 26 cents to the dollar for all such Bonds as it may have already taken T'he greater number of the holders of these bonds came forward, up, m3.de affidavit of tlieir actual ad^^ance, and have received their Liquidare/lation of the

Bonds, the hiterest on which has been promptly paid according

tion

the terms of the Bond.

Other parties holding a.bout $80,000,

in

to

Bonds

out of the original $913,000, have neglected or refused to take advantage of the

Law,

The Bowery

rendered the Bonds held by if

Fire Insurance

upon

it

the

Company

could have

same condition as

a larger compensation was desired the resort could be

ister

&

While

Stebbins.

in

New York

in ICS47, I

siu--

and

others,

made

to

Macal-

had a conversation

with some of the officers of this Institution, and perhaps you wc;re of the

number,

in

which

and what

I

approach

to

I

explained fully the view the State took of the matter,

was disposed

Institution insisted

upon such terms

The law

to accept.

Nothing was done however and no

to do.

a settlement made, and I

left

with the impression that the

as the State

was under no obligation found with Messrs.

relating to this matter will be

Wadswojth & Sheldon, the State Agents in New York. Althoui';h the affair had been considered as closed, in as much as those holding the 80 Bonds ]-efused to come in, yet if the Company wishes to avail itself of the provisions of the law, I will give the necessary directions to

Agent.

I ol)Scrve that

which your

no means

Company

you no where mention originally advanced,

of delectin.g the error

you I

in

your

and consequently

refer to, in case

am

such error

be

mention further that

finally closed,

and

ter, to the full c^xtent,

I

am

shall neglect

I

have

exists.

very Respectfully Yours

Aug 1 will

th(>

amount

letter the

no opportunity

under the law referred

to.

C. Fki-.nch

whole matter

shall

of aiding in this

mat-

an.xious that the

»

»

#

'V'

y*F.^'*

JO£I. A.

MATTESON, GOVERNOR OF ILLINOIS Fro!;i

oil

pabtliug in Cuy:;oI, Springfield

1853-1S5

IMATTESON'S LETTER-BOOK, APRIL

12,

Spkingfield Ills.

1853^

247

1853

I^/Iarcli S,

His liXCELLENCY

Joel A. Matteson Govr. &c

Dr

am

Sir: T

a citizen of TLardin County in this State, and have

been engaged for the

endeoAoring to prove the value

last ten 3'^ears in

Lead veins passing through that section of country, have spent much Ia.bor and some twenty thousand dollars, the Hmit of of the

my

means, v/ithout accomphsliing the desirable object, having mis-

understood the character of our veins in the early part of our opera-

much mone)^ was

tions,

About

mining.

when

by the improper

lost

five years

course v/e pursued in

ago important changes were made, since

I have been operating

Ys'ith

the necessary fixtures to carry on

the business properly until some time in the Spring of 1851,

when

I

was compelled to stop for the want of means, since which nothing has been done to forward the work, keeping however in order all my fixtures Engine, Pumps, Furnace &c &c and ready for immediate use. Information of the character of our veins is given by our State Geologist Dr. Norwood, and I think his opinions are fa.vorable if a sufficient

Norwood

Dr.

money

aanount of

be obtained

can,

I\iay I therefore ask the favor of

prise.

report in his ficient

No

to furnish

official

amount

of

me

with

my

commenced. Your early attention

if

favorable, to obtain a suf-

to prove ihe veins to

whole object

to permit or instruct

opinion in the form of a special

capacity, to aid me,

money

privaJ:e speculation is

this Report,

liis

to carry out the enter-

you

be either rich or poor

made by a grant of work which has been

sought for or can be is

to this

to carry out the

matter

will greatly

obhge

Your Obdt.

Servt.

J AS. T.

Springfield J.

G.

Barbour

A])ril 12,

1853

Norwood^

State Geologist

We have a letter before who

us from

J.

represents that he has expended

"Hiese two

letters are the only part oi

T. Barbour^ of llarchn County,

some twenty thousand

Governor

dollars

T'Jattcson's correspondence con-

tained in this scries of Letter-Books. •

Dr. Norwood was the

first

state geologist, serving from July 21,

1851— March

22, 1858.

This letter is the lesnlt of a request made by Mr. Barbour upon Governor Matteson (Executive Letter-Book. Vol. VI, MSS). '

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

248

in exairiiDP.tion

he has expended

and machinery all of his

for raising lead in said

success to give a guarantee to capitalists that

way

him more amount so loaned. My. Barbour has asked us in tloe

aid

prise

to

if

you

to permit

make out an

favorable, obtain

a favorable conclusion.

to

safe to

avails to repay the

make

official

means

We

would be

it

upon the

of funds, relying

Survey of his premises and

him that he nught,

County, that

fortune in the attempt, but without sulncicnt

a

full

Geological

report and give to

to prosecute the enter-

are disposed

to favor

Llr.

Barbour's views in this particular and therefore request that at such time as might be convenient for you to do satisfied of

position of

so, and after you ai'e fully your position in the matter you may make out the true his lead mine and give it to him as official from Slate

Geologist.

Yours Respectfully J.

A. M'atieson

REGISTliR OF OFFICIAL LETTERS VOLUIIE VI

CHAPTER

IV

LETTERS OF WADSWORTH AND SHELDON TO

GOVERNOR FRENCH,

1847-1853

New York To

March 22nd 1847

His Excellency

GovR Augustus

French

C.

SpEiNCrjELD Illinois

Dear ill

By

Sir:

it

my

from several of

letters recenlly received

Illinois I learn that

has been proposed that

I

friers

ds

should be appointed

agent for the State of Illinois for refunding the State Debt, and the pay-

ment

Such appointment would be highly

of Interest hereafter accruing.

gratifying to

me

and would

as well as desiriible

ment on

the part of the State tlirough

cai)acity

which

and

State,

my

left

interest

and

and

I

shaJl

the State as a residence,

be happy to contribute

in

wise and judicious.

by the Legislature and

I

you mpvy

fully

approve

Our office And as I

desire.

for the purpose. of I\iay, I

could

you

I

have

trust I

I

I

shall

endeavor

soon

])c in

is

New

of the

llie

ihic

none

my

interests

render you any is

win'cli

ai(i

very

present ollice

is

No

my

purpose.

If I

location to niakc

consistent v/ilh other Inisiness.

at that

53 South

may

ori

it

whiej-,

des!!-a!>ie (lie

first

to this object in the selectic;ii of ainitlier

in selecting

York and

of

recentiy ]>assed

])!i!

measure and object

liere

change

ofrice for llie

I a.iu living at the

acconnnodated

Wadsworth

my

and

pros]'>erity,

but receive an instruction from you that you wouhl desire

and would occui)y

meet you. well

lost

and

further

\v;iy to

convenient to Wall Street shall

would have reference

reference to this as will

any

have examined

contemplates and will on your arrival

aid

citizen

raise the credit of the State whicli those wlio control her aiYairs

deem

and

duly appre-

feeling with the citizens

the interest I have heretofore felt in her general welfare

and

integrity

l)e

a large ])ecuniary interest in the Slate, not-

I ]-ctain

withstiinding I have

esteemed as a compli-

have been for the past ten years a

I

identified in

and whilst

l)e

Executive to

would not be misplaced and would

I trust

ciated and acknowledged. of Illinois,

its

shall

Street.

;\s

it

I

with as

much

understand you

on your arri^al here be happy to

Aslor House and you

House

my

do not hear from

auiy other.

may perh;ips be The office of Gay

as cS:

ILLINOIS IlISTOJUCAL COLIJlCTIONS

252

beg leave

I

to suggest that

would be well for yoU' before leaving

it

Springfield to provide yourself with exact transcri):>ts of the Register of

these

who up

Bonds

and names

the different classes, numbers,

negotiated them, and

all

other records that

aiid canceling those bonds, also for the

may

l^e

of the agents

useful in taking

purpose of detecting counter-

Fac Similes of the Signatures of the Governoj-s and agents who signed them, and such other papers or memorandums

feits,

as

procure

may

if

possible

You

your opinion appear useful or necessary.

in

edly have already furnished yourself with

all

will undouI;t~

these documents, but

T

have suggested them thinking there might be something overlooked

which might delay your plans informs

me

after

you arrived

and

the middle of April

will return as

soon as they can complete the

business there, probably by the middle of

you here as he

is

He

May.

wished

to

meet

desirous of having his accounts of payments of interest

audited and settled.

New York

Mr. Leavitt

here.

that Capt. Swift and himself will leave for Chicago al^out

understand Col. Oakley

I

will also

perhaps not however until Mr. Leavitt I

have the honor

&

soon be in

Swift return.

to be, very respectfully

Your

01)t. Servt.

Julius V\^4dsworth

New York To

June 3d 1847

His ExcisLCY

Augustus

French

C.

SpRINGJ'IELD

Dear

Sir:

Since you

New York

left

there has

what our friend

interest transpired other than

no event

Col.

of stirring

Oakley has advised

you and such as reach you through the public press. I am happy find tliat the impression made b}- you whilst here is \Try favorable yourself

and

to the interests

course and policy

in

and prospects

her citizens, and can not at

no

fail, I

and

ability of the State

believe, to place Illinois once more,

far distant ])eriod, on an ecjual footing with the

regard Illinois as one of

Union.

I

of lands

and

tlic ilrst

ca])arity for cultivation,

))revent her l.'cconn'ng

one of

llie

first

first

have

and and

States in the

States in the Ui:iion in ])oint

and nothing can in

to

In fact your

of the State.

relation to the fmancial affairs of the State

inspired nev\' confidence in the integrity

to

in

])oint of wealth.

advantages and such pros})ects the citizens of

Illinois

my

ojnnion

With such

camiot long remain

LETTERS TO FRENCH, JUNE unable to discliarge fully and ]ionoral)]y

tlx;

253

1847

3,

which have for

liabilities

upon her prospects and her fair fame. That there is a proper spirit existing amongst the influential men of the State there is no doul_)t, and that the great mnss of the inhabitants of the State are actuated by honorable and high minded sentiments is, I believe the last few years been a blight

equally true.

All these circum.stances are sufficient with just

nomical administration of

affairs to

and eco-

guarantee an early issue out of

and embarrassments which they have heretofore labored have not yet entered upon the examination of the accounts

troubles I

Leavitt, but

of

Mr.

has been deferred partly at his suggestion until after the

it

arrival of the English Stea.mer

order to allow

him

this Steam.er.

I will in

I

the

all

\inder.

to

pay

which has arrived

interest on

Boston

at

m

to day,

any bonds that might be sent by

a few days attend to the matter.

spoke with you when you were here on the subject of making some

examination into several claims of the State against some of the Banks

Bonds purcliased, and There are also some claims

in this State v/hich are indel^ted to the State for

which Banks have gone into against individuals. effort to recover

It

lic][uidation.

me

appears to

that

it

might be

something on these debts, and should

v/ell to

])]'ove

it

make some unavailing

the Slate will have the satisfaction of having learned the fact that nothing

could be recovered and the affair disposed

I believe

of.

thing might be recovered, If

you are disposed

to

may

forever after be considered as

should be made that some and the movement cannot be made too soon. give me the necesscary authority to collect and

however

if

proper

effort

fmally settle these matters I will attempt for

you

to give

me

complete authority

to

it.

If so

demand

it

will

be necessary

former attorneys

of the

or agents of the State such papers as niay be in their possession relative to these

matters also to demand, receive and

receijjt

for,

aiid

settle

in full the sevcra.1 claims.

and minutes

I shall v/ant all the records

each matter, as a basis of

relative to

If this shall

meet your views

this

month

cK:

would

I

as early attention as possible, as

my

I

forepart of next to

like to liave

would it.

in possession of the State

efforts.

lilvC

I will

you give the matter

soon attend to getting

three books suitable for record books in the transfer

bonds.

I

remain dear

sir

some portion

to devote

of u})

and exchange

with high consideration.

Your very Obdt.

Svt.

J ULIUS

Wa DS WORTII

of

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

254

New To

York, June

26111

1S47

His Excelcy Aug. C. French

Governor

cvic

SPRINGFI]iLD

Dear

Sir:

You may be

surprised at not having heard from

me

before this relative to the account of David Leavitt, Esq. Agent of the State for the letter of

payment

of Interest.

I

advised you however in a former

one reason of delays and after the time then designated

I

soon

and found it to be much more of a job than I have liad two active men employed for the most anticipated. I had in drawing off and comparing the numbers and vouchtv^'o weeks part of now satisfaction of advising you that the same is comthe ers, and have account current of Mr. Leavitt with a full statement of plete and the

commenced

tlie

I

the examiiiation

payments and vouchers accompanying

my

have attached

showing

in detail the

separate amounts as State in

is

ready for delivery to you.

and account current, amount of money paid out by Mr. Leavitt and in paid upon tlie several classes of the Bonds of the

certiiicates to the statements

—also showing the balances

in his

July 1846, and January 1847.

hands on a/c

^ will

of interest payable

acconijxmy the account and

other papers with a report of the examination and such particulars as

may be I

requisite.

expect to leave for Chicago on the 2Sth

inst,

and hope

to

have the

pleasure of meeting you there arjd will at that time hand you

have come into

my hands

of high coi'isiderLition

for

from Servt.

Julius

New Governor

Dear found

C.

the

I

Your Obdt

To Augustus

all

hand you herewith tv.'o letters that you, and beg that you accept assurances

})apcrs relating to the matter.

Wads worth

York. August 3d 1847

French

&:c

Sir:

I

arrived in this City

your favor of the 30th Junc^

from (he west a few days

and am now

favor of the 27 UKo.'

Ank,

'

Tliis letter is not

252.

found

in the Letter-Books.

in rect. of

since,

and

your esteemed

LETTERS TO FRENCH, AUGUST I

am

about getting up some books for

1847

3,

of recording the

llie })iirposc

exchange of Bonds and have examined the Books of the I

255

Agency.

IiKliiuia

think however that their books are larger and embrace a greater

of matter than

The form we I

necessary for the exchange to be

is

require

hove had the

is I

Law

best to advertise in the

will secure the

think quite simple.

passed by the

tv>'0

good favor

amount

for Uhnois.

published

last Legislature;

Commerce, the Express, and Evening Mirror.

the Journal of it

made

named

last

papers, as a

which

of the publishers,

in

thouglit

such patronage

little

will

1

be well

in

carrying

out this arrangement. I

was not a little surprised this morning to find the article which I hand you, in the Morning Express, and do not exactly know

herevv'ith

where such information was found by the Editor.

have certainly

I

never given such information to any one, and can only surmise that some intimation

and

Law

may have dropped from to the publisher.

moment, but as I

am not

I

the

man by whom

do not know as

it

is

I sent the circular

a matter of great

In reference to the subject of )'Our letter of 27 ulto

be able to fumish you with jnore definite answeres the absence from the City of

disposed to adopt.

from

well as

my own

some

parties

is

whose views

1

oljservation that

customary

it is

sell

sorry not to

consequence of

would be most have made as

I

pay detached and I learn that

to

aiid signatures

not an unusual thing for holders of Bonds to

especially

yet.

am

I

[sic] in

however from the inquiry

I leani

coupons having the proper date number it

made

regret that such notice should have been

aware that any appointment has been made as

and

the coupons

detach them, even before they become due. Li reply to your second inquiry "Whether you would be compelled to receive

say that I

I

Bonds without

all

the unpaid coupons attached,"

have not from the nature of the subject been able

tangible

manner

disposed to give

full

weight

to,

but

I

am

examination

Law

exchange for the interest

to

sh:ill

be issued

in arrears.

authorised to receive a

I

it

1

in a

very

would be

an exchange eveji without I

have however from an

adopted a different opinion.

provided that Certificates

]je

can only

inclined to think that holders

Bonds would think themselves entitled the Coupons for the unpaid instalments. of the

to present

any one whose views

for the opinion of

of

would

I

have not obtained any satisfactory opinion on the subject.

(//

ilic

iinic

Lt Sec. 2 oj

ruakhig

cannot therefore sec that

Bond and

it

is

iJie

)'ou

issue a Certificate for the

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

256

same without at the same time Jiaving all the Coi]])0]is which liave become due surrendered and granting certificates thci^efor. This may not be a correct view, and I liave no doubt there will be a diversity of opinion on the subject, but if you will examine the bonds and the coupons you will see the great liability and hazard in pursuing a different course. If I can get the views of some other parties experienced in these matters within a few days I will write you f urllier on the subject. remain dear

I

Sir

Your Most Obdt.

Svt.

Julius Vv^adsw^ortii.

New A^ORK

October 21st 1847

His Excellency Augustus C. French Springfield Illinois

To

Dear

Sir:

I

have delayed writing for the reason that nothing has

transpired since you of

which

left

The exchange

your notice.

your departure and up to

Bonds and 454 you

left v^as

but

fev/

this

Interest Bonds.

that the business

have been brought

I

have considered particularly worthy

of

Bonds has progressed slowly since we have issued but 1004 Principal think the prevailing impression when

time I

would be discontinued and

in.

I

in coiisequence

have thought of giving notice further

but have not done so for the reason that you thought not

l)cst to do so. Oakley mentioned to one of the Editors that the exchange was still made b}'- me and suggested that he make some notice of it but no such

Col.

notice lias appeared.

Messrs.

Rowland

None

as soon as I can get the

books of Blank Bonds,

and

I

hope they

will

minds.

Blank Bonds. to

I

be forwarded to you as soon as practicable,

it

shall occur to cause

think a considerable

amount

of

expected by the next two or three Steamers.

day evening the 19th

inst.

delay as

little

advisable to be prepared whilst parties are

and before any thing I

Bonds have been offered but what they have sent by Col. Oakley the two

are ready to exchange

be executed and returned with as

possible, as I consider

inclined

of Ihe Sterling

& A spin wall

them to alter their Bonds may be

Sterling Col.

Oakley

left

on Tues-

and Mr. Lcavitt and Ca])tain Swift

left

the

day previous for Chicago.

You

will

probably be informed by Col, Oakley that they had

a stormy meeting on

tlie

rSth.

What

it

may

ratltcr

result in I cannot predict.

LETTERS TO FRENCH, NOVEiMBER but Col. Oakley told

me when

he

left

18^7

23,

that he should

make an

have Mr. Leavitt disconnected as far as possible from the

effort to

affairs of Illi-

by the prominent men

of Illinois

have Mr. Leavitt removed from the agency for the payment

of Interest

nois to

257

and should get a

petition signed

and have me appointed

in his place. ^

I

wish to say in relation to this

happy to have this Agency conferred upon your judgment deem such a course wise I shall

that I shall be extremely

me and

should you in

under many obligations.

feel

The

entire

agent with

agency

trifling

if

is

very desirable and can be attended to by an

any additional expense, and such

think best to operate as a check could be adopted. to the State

is

concerned

I believe I

plan, as

you might

So far as security

could satisfy

my

parties that

all

personal character and other security which I could give would place it

to

in as secure a position as

any that might be adopted.

urge Mr. Leavitts removal or

that for the

payment

of Interest

my

appointment, but

on the

New

I it

do not desire

me

appears to

Issue of Stock, a system

should be adopted vdiich shall be permanent and prevent any confusion hereafter. I still

refuse

And

I

do not think Mr. Leavitt

think as

payment on

will

adopt such a plan.

before remarked to you that

I all

Coupons not attached

understood early, otherwise parties

will

it

to bonds,

keep back

would be wise

and

many

to

this

should be

of the

Coupons.

hand you herewith numbers of Bonds surrendered and canceled siiice you left. Also receipts for subscription to '' Democratic Review" ''Weekly Herald" and ''Courier & Enquirer." And remain with sentiments of high regard Your Very Obt. Servt. I

Julius

New Hon Augustus

C.

French Governor

Wadsworth

York, Novr. 23d 1847

&

SPRINOriELD

I

Dear Sir: I last had this pleasure on am without any of your esteemed favors.

expecting the Blank

This

letter is

I

have been for some days

Bonds which you took out with you

' Mr. Leavitt was also one of the by the subscribers to the new loan of •

the 21st Oct.^ since which

Irustces of the Iliinois Sx, 600, 000.

not found in the Letter-Books.

and

to sign

and

ISIichigan Canal, ck-cicd

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

258

Several parties have receutly iiK|iiired wlien

return. to

get

should he ready

There are also ]:)a.rties holding Scrip in siuns not now sufficient to two new bonds who will expect nie to give thein New Boiids for the

amount

of principal

This

$500. I

I

exchange Sterling Bonds.

think

it

is I

will

to

come

in slowly

but there are several large

held here which I think will be presented soon.

inchned

to over

meet with your approbation.

with the recjuirements of the Law.

will agree

Bonds continue

same amounts

wlicn the interest on the

presume proper and

to delay a little.

I will

The

lots

parties

now seem

report to you as frequently as appears

numbers of Bonds surrendered, and herewith hand }-ou statement of bonds surrendered from Octo. 19th to Nov. 13th this statement having been pre})ared at the last date but I have delayed sending I will have another stateho])ing to get some coniJiiunication from you. I have got the Stock Ledger all posted ment made out on ist Deer. up and every thing is ready for transfers as soon as you send the transfer Bonds. A number of persons are waiting to have transfers made, until I will write again on receipt of 1 shall receive those bonds from you. advices from you, and remain dear Sir Your Mo. Obt. Svt. ]jroper the

Julius

New York Hon, Augustus

C.

Wadsworth

December 2d 1847

Frkncr

Springfield

Dear

Sir:

Your much esteemed favor

of

nth November came

hand on the 27th and your several favors of the i8th, 19th, Novem. were received on the 30th Nov. and their contents are noted.' for

tlie

I will

I

have made no mention of the

JXIacalister

tS:;

to

&

20th

all

duly

Stel)bins matter

reason that nothing whatever has occurred in relation thereto.

agreeably to your request have a transcript of the Register of old

Bonds surrendered embracing all the necessary facts to make a complete Record lo file in the proper department in SpringfR^ld. This will be the labor of some days, and cannot be commenced immediately as I It shall howshaJl have to procure some paper ruled in proi)er form. ever be accomplished as early as possil)le and transmitted (o you. '

None

of these letters arc found ia the Letter-Books.

You

LETTERS TO FRENCH, DECEMBER do not mention that you I

completing the

and send

as soon as

all this will

1847

259

dcsii-ed a similar transcri])t of the Scrip Register.

presume however you

after

2,

will require

Bond

it is

it,

register will

and

I shall

You must

completed.

prepare paper and

go on with the Scrip register

aware that

of course be

require considerable labor and require

some

time.

In relation to the two Swords^ spoken of in 3^our letter of 18th

have made inquir)^ and find that such swords are manufactured by

I

J\icss.

Tompkins & Black of tins City. I have examined two swords made by them to be presented, one to Genl. Wool, the other to Genl.

Bail,

Worth, the former

at a cost of $800. the latter $400.

that so expensive swords

would be desired

1

me

that they cannot get

presume swords

at this cost

up any thing

The

less

inscriptions

it

refer to,

than about $250-

would be considered

you desire procure those swords or aid you your convenience.

not probable

you

The Manufacturers however

but something in proportion to Rank.

inform

It is

for the object

in

suitable:

I will

such manner as

would be necessary

may

for

Sz if

suit

you

to

furnish.

In relation to your remarks in your letter of 19th

ult.

respecting the

money received from jMr. Leavitt, I have looked into the matter and find we received $1558. of this amount $50. was taken to amount pay us

of

Money lent you a few days previously and $100. was Bank Bills at the time you gave us Mr. Leavitts check, which we credited the State and furnished you the account

(G&W)^

given to you in this left $1408.

I presume upon reflection you will remember the remember well sending to Bank to get small ])ills at The lost Bond 2449 of Alexander Brand the time we gave you the $100. ISIr. Brand having 8z Co has had our ol)Scrvation for some v/eeks. written us on the subject. I am anxiously looking for the Blank Bonds to issue for the Sterling, and odd amounts of Scrip, also the transfer Blanks. I hope there will be as little delay as possible in sending them as there arc parties waiting to make the exchange.

of items to balance.

circumstance.

On to

I

the subject referred to in your letter of 20th Nov.

say that whatever you desire can probably be done, but

I it

have only will

make

would gladly avoid and errors or misunderstandings in making entries may arise which will ])roduce confusion. It undoubtedly would be veiy convenient for some ])arties an irregularity

in

our Books wliich

1

'These swords ^Ycre for LicufciKints Joliu Pope and Alason Scanilt For biographical sketch see poit, 270.

iS.17, 26). '

Gay & Wadsworth,

53 South Street,

New York

City.

{Soiafi'

Journal,

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

26o

tlic exchange made theni and it would be desirable to accommodate them. I think however it may be done with out adopting the plan you suggest. For instance let the parties thus surrender their Bonds or Scrip to be canceled by you and you cause a record of the same to be sent to me to be entered upon the Books the same as if the Bonds or

thus to have

had been surrendered amounts in principal and

here.

interest as stated

by mail

to

you or

and

entries

issue the

&c

complete and

bonds consecutively

by you

as suggested

I

vv'hich

which would appear to

all

I

\vithout omitting

time and miglit be

may

the plan of taking in the old

all

Si

to the

necessary

it

Interest

my plan

I

as

one agent.

until

up

am

entirely

extremely

single num-ber omitted

from

^Vhole No.

it

I

would only

be extremely glad to have the two agencies united in

I sliall

some way

take

Bonds

done properly and that there may

In referoice to a change in the Interest paying agency say that

The I

or give

Scrip there.

by no means appear duplicate numbers or a 1

Blank

either adopt

Bonds

desirous of having this business

No.

some numbers

difficult to explain.

you think

if

the liberty of omitting to send the

hear from you hoping you

would enable

in direct continuation of

might by some mistake cause a discrepancy

course you speak of can be adopted

however

for

by you and enclose them

to the parties themselves as directed, this

us here to enter the Bonds

Bonds

w^ould then issue the

Scrip the

can be done better and with

After the

first

of

January

I

less la.l)or in the

hands

of

have made arrangements for

another partner a Mr. James O. Sheldon a highly respectable & Vv^orthy young man, the firm will be AVadsvv^orth & Sheldon. Why I speak of this is that if you tliink some check necessary you might make Wadsworth & Sheldon the Transfer Agents and myself the Interest paying agent. This would enable me as Interest Agent to check a.ll transfers and probably aaiswer all i>ractical purposes. You miglit if you prefer appoint James O. Sheldon Transfer Agent but I think if you appoint Wadsworth

&

Sheldon

for

me

you

to

interest If tlie

it

would answer the required purpose. Would

it

send on a commission as transfer Agent, and then

not be well if

you make

paying agent, send on the commission for that?

change

in the interest

is made I would like it to l)e done Books in complete readiness before payment might be deferred for a few

agency

as early as possiljle in order to get the

paying any

interest.

days after the in readiness as

i.st

of

True

the

Jimuary but

it

soon as practicable.

would be well

to

have every thing

Should you make any remittances

LETTERS TO FRENCH, of ijioney to

})a3^

interest everything sball liave

prompt attention. Bonds arc not coming

in

my

care and most

Ijcst

plenty of time,

is

liowever in

tliere is

opinion no doubt that before the time expires most of the

Should interest only be paid on the

be surrendered.

will

January

after

this

would cause parties

to bring

them

You may

advisable to adopt that plan after the January payment.

v.'hen

you

you was here that

would be

well

think

I suggest[ed]

and perhaps indispensable that

paying agent to pay interest on Coupons only

direct the interest

when they accompany

made

it

Bonds

New Bonds

in so that they

might get the instalments of interest as they are paid. it

261

1847

9,

very freely for exchange and parties are

deferring for the reason that there

my

DECEIVI.BER

tlie

Bonds

which they belong as otherwise

to

and not surrendered Coupons might draw interest on the old Coupons & on New^ Bonds. I presume you have already seen the force of this and

parties havijig

the exchange for Nevv^ Boiids

the whole of the the

will take the

I

necessary precautions to guard against such occurrences.

am Dear

Much

Sir with Sentiments of

regard

Your Mo. Obt.

Svt.

Wadsworth

Julius

New York

Decemljer

g,

1847

His Excellency Augustus C. French Springfield

Dear

Sir:

I

of the several classes of ist inst.

I

inst.^ and have not since that hand you herewith tlie numbers have been surrendered up on the

wrote 3^ou on the 2nd

date any of your favoj's to answer.

am now

Bonds

I

wdiich

engaged

in miaking

an entire transcript of the

Bonds and Scrip surrendered and will after it is completed forward the same to you. It will occupy some days in preparing & when com]:)leted will furnish an exact record of every thing done. This will extend to 1st Decern] )er, and I will furnish you hereafter at stated Unless Boiids come times with transcrii)ts of the Records in my office. Register of

in

more

freely I

presume Monthly

will

be

sufficiently often to furnish

returns.

Frequent inquiries interest, '

Auk,

a.re

being

particularly as to the

made

New

relative to the next issue.

payment

'

2sS.

of

Also as to the probable ..

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

262

The

amount; of the paymeiU.

hope arrangements

promptness as possible on the to discredit the

Bonds such

will

New

to

New

January

is

near at Jiand and

Stock, as a failure to do so will tend

am

I

Old

to indicate that the

to corne in pretty freely, a,nd I

have no doubt

be the case as soon as money matters improve

will

advances.

I

much

have interest paid with as

Things now seem,

issue.

soon begin

of

first

be made

will

&

the price

looking anxiously for the Blank Bonds to arrive for

&c

transfers

Very Respectfully,

I

remain

Your Obdt

Svt.

Julius

New

Wadsworth

VoiUv December T3th 1847

His Excellency Augustus C. French Springeield

Dear

Sir: I duly received your valued favor of 25th Nov.^ acknowl-

edging receipt of a letter from

me "Enclosed

mans plan

I

of a Lottery &:c."

of the Italian

Gcntlcmans plan your

ever had respecting

1

it.

I

me

that

all

to the

by me.

vouchers you refer

the vouchers relative to the

January 1847, and July 1846, accompanied

est for

And if my memory

I

in the

ha.ve discovered.

have called upon Air. Leavitt relative

and he informs

entirely ignorant

being the hrst intimation

letter

presume there must be some mistake

may

matter which ere this you

with an Italian Gentle-

must confess myself

serves

me

his

payments

to,

of inter-

account as audited

right I believe such to be the case.

had supposed you had reference to other subsequent vouchers. I package I sent you from Chicago in. July last contaiiied the vouchers in question, a( least if they relate to the two pa.yments named. I

believe the

With regard adopt

in

to

prescribing the

paying interest on the

a very dehcate matter.

1 will

New

method which Mr. Leavitt

however do what you require, that

proper Books i)repared and make such suggestions to him business as I

may seem

regret exceedingly

'

tliat

the circumstances

is

it is

have

doing the

nol found

in (be,

would not warrant you

my hands commencing

for the reason that there are a

This IcUer

in

is

necessary in order to avoid confusion in the matter.

placing the entire Agency in

payment

shall

Stock you must be a ware that

Lcdcr-Eooks.

number

in

with the January

of things to be observed

LETTERS TO FRENCH, DECEMBER

13,

263

1847

making this payment which will be important in the future management of the business. First with regard to paying on cou})ons only when accompanying the Bond, of which I have before spoken to you. Second, with regard to the proper manner of paying interest on the New in

which

issue,

be almost impossible for

will

it

I^Tr.

Leavitt to do under-

standingly Nvithout having constant reference to m}^ books.

which may

third difficulty I wish to call your attention to special instructions to

Mr.

But a your

recjuire

Leavitt, I think in ])aying interest on the old

Internal Improvement Bonds and aJl others except the Canal Bonds, the amount paid should be stamped upon the Coupon falling due January

The New

ist 1848, for the following reasons.

interest

upon

from July

issue all bear date

ist 1847, therefore the interest

interest accruing since that date in order to leave the

of interest

up

on the Bonds not surrendered as

to July ist

and

paid should be applied

same arrears

is

put into the

Bonds surrendered. If the next payment of interest is stamped upon the same coupon as theretofore it v/ili make tlie arrears to July is(/47 as much less as the amount paid, and when these bonds come in for exchange, the New Bonds being dated July 1st would be entitled to draw interest for Jany. ist 1848, the same as those '^

Interest

Bonds"

for old

exchanged before the Jany. payment, but if the endorsement is made upon the Coupon due Jamy ist 1848, when they come in for exchange I

should issue

in interest

Bond

the

same amount

arrears as heretofore,

then charge against the Stock issued for those old bonds the

amount

the January interest, by doing which

New

it

will tlien place all the

on the same fooling and avoid confusion

New

there will be

sufficiently clear to you, I

am

any confusion or

ment all

appears

to

me

of interest in

I

submit

in as

and

irregularity

that

it

London

to

mc

is

only by

for the libei'ty I

I

have made the matter your consideration and

to

some extent

which

may

would be good it

subsecpient payments.

This

it

good shape as possible as

way

I

have become

stand respon.sible

sliall

creep into the business.

])olicy to

discontinue the pay-

not for the January payment at least for

It will

save iniich tj'ouble and will be an

additional incUicement for holders to put Stock.

Stock, otherwise

exceedingly desirous that matters relating to these

identified in this refunding

It

do not know as

I

but

Bonds should be preserved for

New

Stock out on which interest for January /48 has been

paid as well as not paid.

directions.

in the

of

issue

tlieir

of suggestion

have taken.

and

Bonds

into Transferable

I trust

you

will i)ardon

I

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

264

from Col. Oakley by Express the Box Bonds for transfer, and for irregular amounts to use in taking up Sterling Bonds and amounts of Scrip which cannot be made into even 1000 Dolls. I shall commence to number them after I

have

this moi-iiing received

containing the Blank

those which you left signed already

Inasmuch as recjuested, I will

do I

in

my former

know your

have so

I

now

numbered.

delayed sending you the Interest Bonds

far-

delay until I ]iear from you as suggested I would I

lettcj*.

hope

it

may not cause particular inconvenience

desire to preserve perfect regularity in the

excuse this delay,

the

at

same time

wish

I

to

Books

will easily

be understood as

being entirely under your directions in the matter and ready to act fully in accordance with your positive instructions.

from you soon touching the matter referred of

my

I shall

be happy to hear

and beg

to,

to assure

you

high regard, and remain

Your Mo. Obdt.

Svt.

Julius Wadswortti Will send transcript of Books in a few days.

P. S.

New York Hon. Augustus

C.

December

21

1847

French Governor &c

Springfield

Dear

I hand you herewith a transcript of the register in my Bonds and Scrip surjcndered up to the first day of DecemThis has been delayed longer than I hoped but it is now com-

Sir:

office of all the

ber

inst.

plete

and

is

in the foiin of our register here.

the register of

I will

have a transcript of

''New Internal ImjKovement Bonds"

soon I have thouglit best

to give that to

you

issued,

in exactly the

Register here, and on sheets complete so that when they are

department

at the

hi Springfield the sheets

This would save much

laljor at Sprijigi"ield

Tlie sheets will have to script, filled

and then

I will

without reference

I have been

Ijc

piintcd l^efore

all

may be bound and

out

of our

received

complete.

will be no more labor here. we can commence that trans-

and

only send the sheets forward as fast as they are to the time.

exchanging .some Sterling Bonds, and have issued there-

for the $1000, Bon'hich

Bonds up

I will 1 think

I shall charge

(as I

thx undeistandi3)g) $1200 per year for the transfer Agency,

and such amouiit

for

seem

"^

to warrant,

tlic

If I

refunding as the trouble, responsibility

'

For Governor French's answer sec

*

Sec anlc,

i().[.

(S:

had the Interest Agency with a salaty ante, 150.

labor, of

say

LETTERS TO FRENCH, JANUARY

267

28.JS

13,

much

($1200) 1 sboulcl probably be willing to do the refunding without if

any charge as

fers

&c.

I

labor, care

and

acct.

conform

charge to

to

attends to trans-

present time, the

tlie

been very considerable as you are aware,

liave

ever submit the wdlling to

know how much

hardly

*S>:c

who

could be done by the same Clerk

it

if

you sliould think

shall be

your views

to

With much

respect, I

am

Yours ^x

truly

Wadsworth

Julius

New York Hon Augustus

how-

I will

way,

out of the

it

January 13th 1S48

French

C.

Springfield

Dear Sir: I have to day mailed the transcript of ''New Internal Improvement Bonds" and ''Interest Bonds" issued up to the hrst of December. The transcript of old Bonds surrendered was forwarded some time

and

since,

Mr. Briggs has had you know ing

have been unable

to

send the tran-

tlie first

to attend to has

rendered

it

will

And

impossible.

as

January and the few days preceding and suceed-

of

New

always very busy times amongst ]\ierchants &c In

it aj-e

This

I regret that I

New Stock before this time, but the variety of other matters which

script of

York.

complete the entire transcript of our registers of bonds sur-

rendered and issued up to December

iirst,

and

I will

have prepared as

soon as I can the transcript for the ]\Ionth of December and Jajiuary

and forward you.

There has nothing

of particular interest transpired ]-ecently concern-

Mr. Leavitt has not yet commenced the pay-

ing matters of our State.

ment

of interest

nished him

and

awaiting further advices from you.

is

with, all the

necessary Books and numbers of

surrendered also a complete with the

of the

list

names

very

much

old bonds

New

of holders of

He complains

Numbers and amounts.

have fur-

I all

Stock

of the great

trouble attending the whole mailer and has repeatedly said that he should

have

to give

it

up

or

and yesterday said

would be better

to

employ some one to

me

have

that I

all

the

much

to give their

must attend

Agency

whole attention

to the

whole of

in the ^Matter united.

and

to

him

1

should have to employ some one to do the Inisincss.

that he

that I luid al)Out as

is

very

as I could attend to

much occupied and has

it

to

that

it,

it

I replied

that in such case

The

truth

not the time to de\otc to the

is

Inisi-

h

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

268

and was

ncss,

the transfer

take

it

not for

tlie

him he would

useful to

fact tliat the iDOiiey in bis

give

up

it

considerable both for

is

Me &

the old ones to him. to cancel every

all

to the

New issue,

some

a.nd in fact not a

The

at once.

him

it

lumds

complete check.

do not speak

I

now

being necessary to

morning and get

his approval

very well in theory but in practice

this is all

just

is

trouble attending

is

trouble-

of these things

with a vicv/ to inducing you to change any thing, and certainly should

not wish you to change

tlie

paying agency unles[s]

interest

with the cutke appi-ol^ation of Mr. Leavitt.

would

certainly suspect that Col.

in inducing your Excellency to

Oakley

make

&

the change.

have seen a Card or Circular recently signed by the

I

you have

ere this seen

Dickey.

The is

me

has attached to

from any knowledge

Illinois

soraev/hat. it

I

sub-

presume

a certificate of judge

am

Circular contains some statements that I

the signers cannot state

brother

It

it.

removed he

myself had been instrumental

scribers to the C?vnal Loa.n, v^'hich surprises

my

could be done

it

Sliould he be

of their

own.

confident I observe

one of the signers, but under what influence he has been

induced to sign

it

do not

I

I believe

Isuov/.

him

to

be entirely friendly

and cannot conceive any object he should have

to Col. Oakley,

to

misrepresent any parties concerned.

In what position has the investigation had opposing parties

am

I

at

Chicago placed the

?

without any recent advices from you. I

remain Dear

Sir

Your Most Obdt Svt JULIUS Wadsw^orth

New York Hon. Augustus

January 17th 1848

French

C.

Springfield

Dear

Sir:

Your favors

of 22rid

and 31 st^ Ulto. together with my to hand on Saturday evening

commission as ''Transfer Agent" came the

J

5th inst.

of 1st inst.^

INIr.

which

I

Leavitt also received on the same day your favor

have just seen.

relative to the dividend

that *

it

will

These

due the

He still remains in

first

^londay in

be charged upon him that he

letters urc not

is

found in the Letter-Books.

this

the

same dilemma

Month and

fears

causing the delay for the

LETTERS TO FRENCH, JANUARY purpose of using the money.

do

otherwise, as

him

of the debt to

therefor[c] deferring the

payment

doing, which of course m.eets

much

remain suspended

do

which

my

if

applied on the

to

assent.

me

much

date to another

payment

for

to

it

from you

Jany

if

interest

the

New

accrue on the

New

the

New

will

be entitled from

January 1848^ but

paid)

is

of course

Stock so issued until next July,

are given that

New Bonds had

could

if

plan, of

you

see

fit

all

Month.

not

when

the instalment

This plan v/ould make

it.

it

necessary

amt. for which ''Interest

to the

the arrears on the old bonds from July last

is

to the ist of the present

your

cannot be

This could

paid upon, should bear date Jany

add the further arrears of interest

Bonds"

Stock will

July ist 1847, as then there would be no interest

could be regularly paid upon to

for the reason

will leave the arrears of

Stock issued in exchange for such Bonds as the

(Now being

ist 1848, instead of

in so

will not

you take the view you

paid as there are no funds provided for the purpose.

be obviated

is

in reply to

concur with him

and and

less,

issue in exchange, bearing date July ist 1847, its

\vell

He

be applied.

to

on the old bonds,

same coupon as before

Interest to July ist 1847, just so

could

lie

how much to pa}^ money to be applied,

hope the matter

I

I regret that

longer.

relative to the application of interest

that

it is

until he hears

and appeals

his letter of the 29th Decr.^

269

determine

to

on each bond unless he knows the exact amount of

and the whole amount

1848

do not however see how

I

impossible for

it is

17,

all

I

been

should think

filled

this the best

up with July

order the alteration to be made.

stamping on the Coupon due Jany.

plan

ist 1847.

if

You

This plan or the

ist 184S,

seems almost

imperative. If

however you think

diilerently the thing

ner as you advise and I hope relation to stampiiig the

must have misunderstood

it

will

amount paid on )ne, as

must be done

in such m.an-

not produce any great confusion. the

New

In

Stock, I think you

such would be impracticable from the

and and new ones issued for them. Besides it is always customary interest to be collected on transferable Stock without presenting the

fact that those certificates of Stock are constantly being transferred

canceled, for

Certiiicatcs.

I

hand you

hereAvith the account complete as requested

by you cov-

ering the whole $1558. which was the amount of Mr. Lcavitt's check which you handed us. '

Sec an If, 150.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

270

inorning called upon IMessrs. Ball Tompkins & Black manufacturing the two Swords for Lieutenants Pope^ (Sc

I have

tliis

relative to

They

Scarritt.

draw

will

row or next day with however that

it will

be unable to give solid

The

sufficient.

think $250 a small su]n, and fear they

scabbards

for that

money.

Swords

I think

it.

There

of that cost

device and inscription will also be

[sic]

should

drawn up and

Tliey think you should have mentioned

Probably the Arms

the device and written the inscription.

word

They say

silver

fo]-warded to you io a few days.

with the

give the estimates to-mor-

They

estimates will however determine

be

them and

not be possible to complete them before ist March.,

and perhaps not so soon. will

drafts of

the time they can probably be done.

''Mo}ifer[e]y'^ in a

kind of

scroll, v/ith the

of Illinois

words inscribed

John Pope by the State of Illinois in considerahowever after seeing the i\Ianufacturers again, write

''Presented to Lieutenant tion it

I will

(S:c."

out and send you.

Very

little

has been done for a month past

We

in.

opening books for transfer,

in trancribing

So

to transfers.

month

has been done

iii

to this time.

as I

much hope

refunding and for some

exchanging Bonds for the past

December

as I have been obliged for

this will

at $1.00. per J\Io.

from

&

want

January

in

my

of time to defer

be satisfactory to you

Sept. ist.

his duties for tlie post four

make

in

our registers and attending

have settled with Mr. Briggs for his services

I

to

Jany

ist as

agreed

His services are $1200 per year, and

Months

been very arduous.

ha^^e

I

will

out ray account in a few days and send you, with accounts of some

transfer books

and

in

that 1 have concluded to include

next report, it

little

in

have how ever been very busy

days past nothing has come

Siiall

tsic.

I

hardly

know what

confoiin to your wishes.

It

1

am

entitled to for .services

has occupied a good deal of

time and attention, v;hich together with the responsibility, use of

my

office

'John Pope: born March 12, 1823, at Kaskaskia, Illinois; entered West Point in 183S and graduated four years later; 1842, appointed second lieutenant of topographical engineers; August, iS.;6, joined General Taylor's army iji INJexico; distinguished himself at the battle of Monterey; 1849, conducted exploring expedition into what is now Minnesota; 1853, began surveying route for Pacific Railroad; 1854-59, explored in the West; 1S5Q, ni.irricd daughter of Congressman V. B. liorton, of Ohio; in Lincoln's escort (o Washington; May, 1S61, made brigadier-general of volunteers; assigned to command in Missouri; assisted in capture of New Madrid and Island No. 10; promoted to rank of major-general of volunteers; commanded the Army of Virginia in batlle of Cedar Mountain ancl in the second b;ittle of Bull Run; at his request was transferred to the department of the Northwest January 30, 1S65, appointed to the command of the Military Department of Missouri; October 16, 1882, made major-general in regular army; 1886, retired from service; died September 23, 1892 {The National Cyclopaedia of J mcn'can Biograpliy).

LETTERS TO FRENCH, FEBRUARY &C

proper to charge.

is

i(

When

out the account soon and send

you was under date of Jany

last letter to

remain Dear

I

&

both Transfer

Interest Agencies

done without much charge.

are united, this refunding can be

iMy

make

I will

3^our appi-obation.

you for

13.

Sir.

Your Most Obedient

New York

Servt.

Wads worth

Julius

Hon. Augustus

271

1848

i,

February

1848

ist

French Govr &c

C.

SrRrNGElELD

Dear

&

Sir: Herewith I send you transcripts of the register of

from the

Scrip surrendered

first

December

of

showing but a small amount for the time. received nearly

to this date.

Bonds have

I

have, however to day

I

Three Hundred Tliousand Dollars

refunded belongirig to James Holford Esq. and as

of

JNIr.

Bonds Leavitt

be

to is

now

paying interest and stamping payment on the Coupons of Jany 1848, I

many

think

of Interest.

reason

I

will

1

bring in their

Bonds before

do not send you the transcript

The

before gave you.

New Bonds

transcript of

and answers

getting this instalment of

Bonds

issued for the

bonds surrendered actually purposes for examination.

sliows

all

I will

send the transcript of Issues as fast as the sheets are

last letter to

issued,

you was under date

as directed in your letter of

The form

The

we

of 28th Jany. enclosing the

issue the

Scrlj:)

3''ou

you hercwitli

and send forward

surrendered

is

will serve for

for entry

l)y

you

to enter

on our books

B. Cole on the i6th Deer, as is

of doubtful character

counterfeit, but not exactly certain.

examined by Mr.

My Stock

at

New Stock.

observe by reference to the transcri]it fearful

full.

New

i5th.^

of the sheets I send

Scrip surrendered to the time

Jany

all

Bri.^gs

who

did not suspect

It it,

you will and I am

was taken in and upon examining

))ut

was led to suspect it. Under the cirdo and I only called upon (he party surrendering it and said to him that I thought the Scrip was not good. I also said to Mr. Leavitt that I thought he had better for the ])resent

it

for the

purpose of canceling

cumstances

I

hardly

I

know what

to

suspend paying any interest u[)on the Stock issued for '

Tills letter is not

found

in the J^etter-Books.

it,

and

I

as trans-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLJ.ECTIONS

272

fcr agent will of

way and

refuse to transfer

v':oiirse

would

it.

The

matter stands

your instructions as to what course

in tins

had better Should you think best I would leave the matter open until you ado])t. come on here and then 3^^ could examine the Scrip and deterjnine vv^hat should be done. I have not and shall not cancel the scrip until the matI

like

ter is finally adjusted eitlicir for the

party to surrender

I

Stock or other-

tlie

wise as 3^ou direct.

have nothing of particular interest to advise you

I

The

of.

Five

Dollars for subscription to Hunts Merchants Magazine was paid as directed and

we have charged

the

remain Dear

I

same Sir,

your account,

to

with mucli regard

Your Obt.

Scrvt.

Wadsworth

Julius

New York Hon. Augustus

French Govr.

C.

March

18,

184S

^:c

Springfield

Dear

Sir:

I arrived in this City last

having been absent twent^'-eight days. Feby. nth, 14th, i6th, 17th, 19th,

answers made by firmed. I

very

my

much

pa,rtner Air. Sheldon, all of

regret the occurrence

of

Scrip taken in will ])rove

the Stock

as the distinction b,etween the

understood by Mr. Briggs.

numbers occupied by

letters of

which

fully con-

is

my power

will use every effort in

Scrip.

hope no more

I

bad but such a thing

is

not impossible

good and spurious was not

sufficiently

In relation to supplying the places of the

the Stock issued to B. Cole as suggested in your

letter of 28th, I Vvould

it

and

and return the counterfeit

up

numbers

your several

28th/ and have obseiTed the

In relation to the Stock issued to B. Cole I can only say that

to get tlic

&

evening from Ne^v Orleans

I find

suggest the propriety of omitting to

until the Stock issued to B. Cole is hiken up,

need not cause any intcrru]3tion

in

and

in

fill

these

doing so

your record as you can leave their

numbers without carrying out tlie name to whom issued or amount, and it can be filled in when other stock is issued besides we have only blank Stock that is numl)e]-cd and in order to fill in for these numbers we sliall have

to strilcc out tlie

not be better to '

Oaiy the

fill

numl)ers of the blanks

in tliese

letter of the ig!h is

made

use

of.

numbers some time vvhen you found

in the

Letter-Books.

Would

are here.

See ante, 164.

it

It

LETTERS TO FRENCH, MARCH me

appears

to

of your

leltc]"s

no

l.hat

inconveJiiePiCe

1848

i8,

273

can arise from, the delay.

In orte

observe that your remark that one of the returns

I

is

evidently full of errors or so transcribed as to baiHe the ingenuity of

your Clerk.

I

am

very sorry that 3'ou should so readily discover that

the errors were so numerous, and

you

tion to

have

will find that

such

I trust after

not the case.

is

more complete examinahave taken great pains

I

done with great accuracy and notwithstanding the

this lousiness

peculiar nature arid various kinds of Stock, Scrip I

had hoped and

still

&c

with as fevv^ errors as could possibly be expected, and

ances will be

done if I

made by

satisfactorily

received and issued

think that the whole business will prove to be done

and

yourself. in

I

hope

to

a manner to give

cannot I do not by any means wish

to

I

be able

do hope some allowhave the business

to

no cause

of complaint

have the business

to attend to.

little

or

Your remarks per yours of 19th Feby.^ relative to my account are duly noted and I have only to say in reply that whatever }^ou may think proper to allow

will

be

satisfactory^, I VN'ish

however

to

observe that you

have entirely underrated the amount of labor which had been done,

your remark that clerk, for I assure

it

would be hardly necessary

you that from the time you

left

up

uary most of Mr. Eriggs time had been occupied

in

keep a continuous

to

to the first of Jan-

in receiving in

and

issuing Bonds, in transcribing our registers sent you, in o])ening the in furnishing Mr. Leavitt with the necessary numbers &c &c. The amount you propose to allow for the transfer agency &c is as I suggested and was as I supposed In relation to the interest Agency I luive only to before understood. say that vv'hatever compensation may be deemed suitable to fix for that service, I should be willing to accept, either by a fixed salary or by using I h.'id supposed that a salary of the money which remains on hand. 1200 Dollars a year for each the transfer and the interest agency would be about such a compensation as would be suitable, this v,-ould allow

transfer Ledgers,

and

transcripts, copies of

$1200 pr year for clerk use, responsibility

rehend

1

do

some

ILLINOIS ]]ISTORICy\L COLLECTIONS

3o6 action It

may

nia.)^

at

have (o be luxd

in

order to procure the surrender of Ib.em.

some time be necessary

a final settlement of the

affair.

to

send some one to London to make

Your

letter to

George Peabody Esq.

has had due course.^ I

remain Dear

Your

Sir

AIo. Oht. Servant

Julius

New York To

Wadsworth

June

26,

1849

His ExcjlLleiXcy

Aug. C. French Springfij:l]3

Dear

Sir:

We

received a few days since a remittance of Eighteen

Thousand Dollars from Messrs. B. C. Webster & Co. in a one day sight draft on ]\Iessrs. E. W. Clark, Dodge &" Co. for account of Illinois Iiiterest.

We

have

tlie

same.

We

have advertised the payment of Five Dollars on each one thou-

for

to

day collected the draft and herewith hand you our receipt

sand, and commence the payment on Monday

The whole amount we have Instalment Dollars,

is

few days

in a

or nearly

We if

tlic

Seventh

Thirty three 'Thousand Five Hundred and Sixty two

and we divide upon $55,000

balance soon.

next.

n.ow received from you for

—We

therefore hope to get the

shall remit to iNlatheson &: Co. for this instalment

we get further remittance from }'ou. We think the whole amount now received will be required here in the first

all tlie

two weeks.

We

i-emiain

Very truly

Your Obedient SeiTants

Wadswortji

& Sheldon Interest

'

A nte,

200.

Agents

LETTERS TO FRENCH,

JUI.Y

ii,

1849

New York To

307

July

ijih

1849

Excellency Augustus C. 1'rencii liis

Springeield

Dear

We

Sir:

duly received your fa^vors of the 26th

ulto.^

covering

Twenty four Thousand Dollars on account of Illinois which we herein enclose you our receipts for accts. as

a remittance of Interest, for

follows

— Seventh Instalment payable July '"

July

1,

1849

$21,538

I,

1850

2,462

$24,000

We make &

remittances by the Steamer of the

nth

inst.

to ]\Iessrs

Co. of London, for payment of this instalment.

Matheson

Also

further remittances on a/c of former installments, they having advised

us that the funds already forwarded had become exhausted. repeat our desire to ha,ve

Jardine

&

all

the accts.

Co. and Messrs. Matheson

We

and vouchers of Messrs. Magniac,

&

Co. on account of their interest

we may make up complete accounts. We are examn'ning some papers and letters from Messrs Matheson & Co. relative to the Bonds sent jMessrs. Howland and Aspinv^all for funding, and when we have completed the examination will forward them to you for your instructions in the premises. The writer hopes agency, placed in our hands, that

to be able to mail the

papers to day.

We

are dear Sir

Your Mo. Obt. Svts

&

SriiCLDON

July

nth 1849

WaDSWORTTI

New York His Excellency

Augustus

French

C.

Springfield DiiAR Sir: advising

tlie

We

have duly received your

f:ivor

of

the 2nd inst.=

transmission by the next mail of draft of E. Vv^ Clark

'

This

'

Probably the

letter is

not found in the Letter-Books. letter of

July

5.

See anie, 204.

&

ILLINOIS rnSTORICAL COLLECllONS

3o8

Brothers on E. \Y. Clark the

said

The

draft

Dodge

draft has been presented,

&

&

Co. for $10,000 at 70 days date, and

has come to hand under envelope of E. Afoore Esq.

and accepted by Messrs E. W. Clark

due on the 7/10 September, and when paid we forward you our receipt for the money on account of the January

Uodge will

1850

Co. and

falls

Interest.

We

wrote you yesterday^ enclosing receipts for your

Also relative to

tiie

bonds

in

hands

of

Kowland

&l

last remittance.

Aspinwall, with papers

&

which had been received from Messrs Matheson

Co. and their letter

relative to the same.

We We

regret to be advised that

shall

however attend

to

you

will

not

visit

New York

such business as you

may

this season.

require us to do

to the best of our ability,

and

which were struck

the Macalister 8z Stebbins settlement, with the

blank to

off for

will

forward as you desire the blank jjonds

certificates for transfers very

send thein, but hope to in a

soon

—have as yet had no opportunity

fev/ days, otherv/ise will

send them by

express.

We remain

dear Sir

Your Mo. Obt.

Svts

Wadsworth & Sheldon

New York Aug

29,

1849

His Excellency Augustus C. French, Gov. Springfield Illinois.

Dear

Sir:

sight for Twenty-five

whicli

draft

of the 2isP^ came duly W. Clark Dodge & Co.

Your esteemed favor

day advising draft on

Alessrs. E.

Thousand Dollars

interest account for

January 1850, and we

form. '

Thiri letter

(say 25,000$)

has come duly to hand, and when paid

is

not found in the Leltcr-lJooks.

will

to

hand

at

60 days

to

due Octo. 19/22 will

send receipt

be credited in

our usual

LETTERS^^O FRENCH, SEPTEMBER

We

ha.ve received Jaii)^

i8$o.

iron

12,

3^9

184.9

3'ou for 8th in^'talmcnts Interest

In casli

2,462

Draft due ringfield.

first

I

think

it

will

will

tlie

be forwarded by the

come

more

in

freely

after ist Jany.

Nothing

as yet been

lias

Holford and

I\Iacalister

done with Mr. Macalister but

have arranged to attend

I believe

immedi-

to the business

ately after the ist Jany.

have

I

letters

Would ment

])cen

and

to

looking for

letters. from

it

I

want

in reply to

some

of

my

former

not be well to have a copy of the law to pro\^ide for the pay-

Mr, Peabody

sent to

me

for reference, as 1 shall probably

next Steamer get letters from Matheson

son

you

hear from you.

shall daily expect to

&

Co. relative to

also to get your viev/s relative to the account of Alessrs.

& Forman,

and what policy

will

be pursued relative

by the

it.

to

Thomp-

an adjustment

of tluit matter. 1

remain Your Mo. 01_)cdicnt Servant Julius

New York

Wadsworth

Jany.

i6t]i

1S50

His Excellency Augustus C. French Springfield

Dear I

have

to

Sir:

I

duly received your esteemed favor of the i8th U[1]lo.2

day received from

?\ir.

Moore tlie list of ''Interest BojkIs" make the necessary entries upon

surrenderred and canceled and will the transfer books. '

Sec

Tor

a}ift,

who

descriptive of the

tlie

how

assumed

may

be proper

facts

be submitted

May session,

30U might

will

as yet to

I

have

tliink

will 1)e

You

come

&

proper to suggest might be taken.

and a balance

stand after

of

payments

all

each dividend showing

The

made.

are

amts.

be paid are I think rather below the actual amt. out-

Dollars of Inlk Imp.

should

Matheson

your Excellency and the Trustees,

standing which liave not been p]-esented, as there

funded

writteii

to

herewith a carefully prepared statement of the

several dividends of interest,

the funds

it

and advise that the

sul)nn't the case to

will also find

Lea\-itt

some memo-

at the time of subscription,

bonds was made that

of Trustees, at the

would

so tliat such action as

You

if

registiT of the bonds,

board

Co. that I

have submitted the matter to Mr,

I

say that

«fc

is

from

5 to

600,000

Canal Scrip remaining unfunded vvhich when

in for all tlic

dividends since July 1847, and consequently

provided for by a fund held sacred for that purpose.

v;ill

ol)Scrve that for the 4th dividend $7,915,49 will be required

to cover all the Stock,

but as there

will

be some excess on other dividends,

have as you see deducted those amounts and show that $6,443,47 will be sufficient to make the whole dividends complete, not however pro-

I

viding for expenses and exchange on remittances.

The amount recei\ed for the 4th dividend was $55,945,40 and the amt. divided was $63,000, whicli leaves this dividend deficit $7,054,60. Which amount

I trust

your Excellency

of the $15,000, remitted

some time

will authorise to

since

be retained out

and due on the 23d iMarch.

The amount divided for the eighth dividend was $60,375,00, the amoimt remitted was $57,012,52, or $3,362,48 short of the amt. divided. T would therefore suggest that you direct the $15,000, applied as follows,

$7,054,60 to the 4th Dividend, $3,362,48, to the 8th Dividend, and the balance $4,582,92, to the 9th or next July Dividend. This will in my judgement [sic] place the dilterent funds for each instalment on the proper footing and preserve each di\idend to

ment when cahed

for.

No

1)e

applied to

its

appropi-iate pay-

other course can be pursued without at

some

LETTERS TO FRENCH, future time causinp; diflicuK)', as

it

upon

ing to one dividend to pay

^lARCIT, 1850

cannot be just

and

anothei-

to

319

apply

fiincls bclon^i^-

a deficit in the

tlnis leave

fund taken from

remain Your Mo. Obt.

I

Svt.

Wadsworth

Julius

New York To

Alar, 1850

His ExcilLlency

Augustus

C.

French

Springfield

Dear

I returned last evening

Sir:

been spending about two weeks, and 7th Feby.^ i-elative to

Peabody,

die

and

tlie

am

from Washington,

am

Vv'here I

have

hi receipt of your favor of the

settlement with Macalister

also in receipt of a

copy

&

Stebbins, Geo.

of the letter written

by

your F^xcellency to Mr. Macalister, and shall follow out your directions same, hoping soon to get defmite directions

relative to the settlement of the

about

tlie 5

Bonds

received from

M. &

S.

by

Col. Oakley, I enclose a

& Co. received per last Steamer, relative to the account of I\Iagniac, Jardine & Co. Herewith you will receive the Abstract of Registers of Bonds & Scrip surrendered and New Internal Impt. Stock & Interest Bonds issued to

copy or duplicate of a

letter

by Matheson

the ist M^arch 1850.

The Canceled Bonds &

Scrip are packed

up ready

to

be forwarded

by the first opportunity. I also hand you herewith a l)rief statement of Bonds & Scrip outstanding, ^^hich yet remains to he funded, and presume most of these amounts will come in within the year, as I am advised in whose hands to Springfield

considerable of

it

parties can fund.

now

rests,

I very

awaiting sundry settlements before the

much wish

—

the

Bonds of $300 as that would hokling single Bonds to fund them.

Interest

I

Law

authorized the issue to

enal^le

remain Dear

a numljer of parties

Sii-

Your Mo. Obt.

Svt.

Julius '

Ante,

'221.

Wadsworth

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

320

Statement of Illinois Bonds & Scrip Funded M/VRCR 1ST 1850 Impi. Bonds signed by

Intl.

Fund

Whole amt. outstanding May Amt. funded from

Amount

still

May

Outstanding

Convnirs. ist

1849

ist

&

1849

$383,000

March

vO^

)J^

fO

M

ft

lO

On

lo ro

t-vo 00 On

vooO

ro t-

r~-

M

to

Ci

CO

rt-

O

^to

ON

OiOOOC) Cm 00 c-o

^

m

ltj

n

,^ CI

M lO ^, cl'

M

€/>

o

-*>

^c3

VO

CS

O

ro

»-(

lO

't

rP

VCT n"

l-T

H~ m"

r-^

H-* ^-^

fO CO

CO to

O

ro vO

N

!>.

-^

Ov

OfO

»o VO Cv i^

O O O O M O VO o o »^ O N O * VO

't

m"

ri

cn

O O O O O O O O

t-.

Cv

CO Qv

On

O

lO

M

^

C-i'HI

vOO ro CO

vovo

«N

M ^.

rf

C^

lo ro

cs

O M

lo

VO

O

"T)

O

CO OO ro v/-;

v/-;

ro

M

to

t^

vO VO t-- t^

VO VO M t-

Tj-

i

O M O •+ o o

o

o^ "t

OOOOO OOOOO

O O

M M

O O O M M O O O ^^ O O VO vTj OvvO M

CO -sT

to VO

o^ o^ o^ q^ q^

Ov VO

OO

__ o

OvOOmCO

t^CO OMHVOvOl^tTjfOO 1-^

•TfvO

IT;

lo

cf VO

i-O

C)

3

ti

|o

l-^i>-ONOvOv

—

—

^

--^

—

MCOt^M ON^f~00

mOvoO cl"

OvvO r-- OCO VOVO t^ M W VC)OOVO'

cs

ro CO t^ CO 923>39 290,765,11

1850 Jany.

i,

"

Amt

"

"

issued to Jas. Holford rcsei*ved for

$150,000.00

non assenting cred44,168

itors

.

1 1

194,168,11

96,597.00 Int.

on balance

to

Jany

i,

6 ,761,79

1851

$103,358,79

Amt. " ter

of Liquidation

"

"

Bonds "

$50,400 issued to Jas Holford " " Chas. Macalis52,958-79

$103,358,79

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

382

New York His Excellency Augustus Springeield

C.

April 21st 185

French

Dear Sir: Your favor of the loth inst.^ is just received, covering Thomas Dyer Esqr. for Tvvcnty four Thousand Dollars, and

draft of

we

herein enclose you our receipt for said amount, carried to the respec-

accounts as directed by you, as follows

tive

Account of Eleventh Dividend Interest " " Liquidation Bonds Int. Jany 185 " *^ Salary and Contingent expenses for 1850

$19,314,09 3,600,00 1,085,91

$24,000,00 All of

which we

trust will be

found correct and

We

satisfactory.

remain Your Mo. Obt.

AVads^vorth

New York

Svts.

& Sheldon

April 24, 1851

To

His Excellency Augustus C. Frex\ch Springfield

Dear

Sir:

We

for the receipt of

enclose herein our receipt for $18,500,^ in exchange

Thomas Dyer Esqn

from Mr. E. Moore under date 12th

dated April 5th and received

inst.

This remittance together with former remittances on a/c eleventh Dividend makes the sum of

leaving to be remitted to

make up

of the

$67,814.09

a dividend of

$ 9,185.91 $77,000,00

We ^

remain Very Respectfully

Your Mo. Obt.

Svts

Wadsworth & Sheldon •

Atite, 236.

*

Uid.

LETl^ERS TO FRENCH, JANUARY

New York Dear

At

Sir:

22,

3S3

1853

City Jany

the request of Gov. Wells I have

examined

21, 1S53 tlie

accounts

Wadsworth and Sheldon and send Wells could not attend to it, as he said, and

of the State of Illinois with ISIcssrs

you by mail the requested

me

results.

to act in his place

occupy but a very short time.

and represented the matter such as

He

said nothing to

me

to

of the character

and I had nearly completed it before I discovered was necessary for me to have some authority from you to act.

of the examination

that

it

I

have com])leted the examination

ness, received

would be

If I

satisfied.

Wadsworth

made

in full

and receipted for the vouchers

&

certificates of correct-

in the expectation that

have done right you

you

forward to Messrs.

will

letter stating to them tha.t I have full power to and Mr. Wadsworth very properly suggests that such letter of authority be dated at some period before the close of your adminisI have found the examination a very different affair from what tration, I expected when I agreed with Wells to attend to it and I am very certain

Sheldon a

act in the premises

that I should not have undertaken

it

had

length of time and the labor to complete

it

I

known

or anticipated the

fully.

Yours &c J.

Calhoun

Hon. A. C. French

New York Hon Augustus

C.

Jany

22, 1S53

French

Springfield

Dear

Sir:

Hon John Calhoun

the accounts of Interest

payments

has just closed the examination of

for the year ending ist July last,

and

has forwarded to you by mail the accounts complete with his certificate, and has sent by express the parcel of vouchers canceled coupons and other papers, and

I

now

enclose the Express receipt there for.

]\Ir.

Calhoun has audited the account at the request of Mr. Wells who had not time to attend to it and 1 wish you would forward to me a letter of authority to Mr. Calhoun, makiiig him your agent for auditing the a/c of Wadsworth & Sheldon Interest Agents. This letter of autliority should be dated back

to a time prior to

your going out of

tion required several days constant attention on

and was done

in a

olfice.

tlic

The examina-

part of Mr. Calhoun,

very compk*tc and understanding manner.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

384 1

have to

clay niailcd to

tainiiig the cariceled

your address

at Springfield a

Bonds, Scrip, Coupons &c funded

report with transcripts of Registers to

Deer

ist 1852,

package

coii-

i)rior to the Jast

which

I trust will

be examined and found correct. I

have

which

I

ho}:)ed to

hear from you rehitive to some of those measures

have heretofore urged upon your attention for the action of the

Legislature.

The

passed v/ithout

fail,

bill to settle

fers so as to consolidate certificates interest, is also important.

and

to

Thompson & P'orman

with

and the authority

and

I shall

render you any service

in

to the

my

Governor

to

should be

arrange trans-

issue certificates for arrears of

be glad

to

hear from you often

power. I

am

truly

Yours

Julius Wadswortii

LIST OF LETTERS

LETTERS OF THOMAS CARLIN (CHAPTER

T)

1840 PAGE 1.

To

Richard M, Young, Fcbriiaiy

and expenses

instructions about salary

18:

in negotiating a loan for the state;

concerning the

assumption of state debts 2.

5

To

Richard M. Young and John Reynolds, March 12: concerning canal bonds to be sold for benefit of contractors; drafts drawn

Company

against Poughkeepsie Locomotive Engine 3.

To Richard F.

Barrett,

made by

State

Bank

4.

To John

Siddall, casliier of

5.

To

6.

To

7.

To

8.

To

March

16: state

bonds

to

protested ...

11

Bank

of Illinois, April 4: draft protested

by Poughkeepsie Locomotive Engine Company Richard

M. Young and John

13

Reynolds, April 30:

delivery of

eleven hundred canal bonds to William F. Thornton

13

William F. Thornton, April 30: sale of canal bonds for benefit of canal contractors to depend upon sales made by Messrs. Oakley

and Ryan

14

William F. Thornton, April 30:

sale of canal bonds;

needs of

the canal

To

10.

To

11.

To

12.

To

15

Richard M. Young,

Wright 9.

May

i:

confirms sale of bonds to Messi's.

& Co

16

Jacob Fry and David Prickett,

canal lands

and

ISIay

i

:

concerning the sale of

lots

Jolin Reynolds,

17

June

9:

sale of state bonds;

interest

on

state

debt

19

Richard M. Young, June

bonds

to

Wright

&

previous refusal to confirm sale of

20

Co. due to influence of the legislature

To Richard M. Young,

To

22

emission of canal bonds signed

contract with Wright 14.

14:

William F. Thornton (probably), June 25: contract between Richard M. Young and Wright & Co. accepted and confirmed;

new 13.

8

be sold; advances

the Senate,

&

July Co.;

December

i:

notified of the acceptance of the

2:

payment

of interest

on state debt

..

23

acknowledges receipt of a resolution

concerning the sale of state bonds 387

25

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

388

1841 15.

To

the Speaker of the Senate, January 2:

relating to the failure of 16.

To

Wright

House

the Speaker of the

&

transmission of letters

Co

26

January

of Representatives,

17.

To

18.

To

the Speaker of the Senate, January

2:

trans-

& Co

mission of letters relating to the failure of Wright

26

transmission of letter

7:

from A. H. Bangs

27

House

the Speaker of the

January

of Representatives,

7:

trans-

mission of letter from A, H. Bangs 19.

27

To the Speaker of the House of Representatives,

January

15: trans-

Speaker of the House of Representatives, January

18: trans-

mission of letter from A. H. Bangs 20.

To the

mission of letter from. Richard 21.

To

the Speaker of the

House

mission of letter from 22.

To

23.

To

24.

To

M. Young

28

of Representatives,

January

18:

trans-

Fund Commissioners

the Spea-ker of the Senate, January 22:

Commissioners

28

28

list

of letters

from Fund

laid before the Senate

the Speaker of the

House

29

of Representatives,

January

5:

trans-

mission of a memorial from the Territory of Iowa

a

29

the Speaker of the Senate, Januaiy 5: transmission of a copy of

letter

from Samuel Allinson

30

25.

To

the Governor of the state of Missouri, January 5:

for

Edward W. Thomas, John Lowery, &c

26.

To

the Speaker of the

House

requisition

30

of Representatives,

January

5:

trans-

mission of a copy of a letter from Samuel Allinson 27.

To

mission of a letter 28.

To of

30

House of Representatives, January 29: transand petition from New York Historical Society

the Speaker of the

Richard ^L Young, agent for negotiating loans for the

Illinois

and

Michigan Canal 29.

To

31

the Speaker of the Senate, February 3: transmission of a report

31

the Speaker of the

House

of Representatives,

mission of a report of Richard

M. Young,

February

3:

trans-

agent for negotiating

loans for the Illinois and Michigan Canal 30.

To

31.

To the Speaker of

the Speaker of the Senate, February 4:

of the

annual report of the the

Illinois

House

31 transmission of a copy

Mutual Fire Insurance Company

of Representatives,

February

4:

32

trans-

mission of a copy of the annual report of the Illinois Mutual Fire

Insurance

Company

32

LIST OF LETTERS ^2

To

the Speaker of the

House

^^.

To

letter

tlic

from the governor of the same

the Quartermaster General of the

To

6:

trans-

Legislature of Alabama, state

32

February

iNIililia,

information concerning the arms belonging 34.

February

of Rcpicsciita lives,

mission of report and resolution from

and a

389

16:

requests

to the state

32

our Senators and Representatives in Congress,

:

transmission of copies of a memorial of the General Assembly of Illinois

^^

35.

To

the Speaker of the

36.

To

the Speaker of the Senate, February 22:

House of Representatives, Februar>' 22: transmission of a preamble and resolutions concerning the *' Protective Policy," passed by the General Assembly of Alabama from the Legislature of Alabama concerning the

lutions

tion of the decisions of the

mends 37

To

Supreme Court

of that State;

distribu-

recom-

that the Senate pass a similar resolution

House

the Speaker of the

34 February 23: Michigan, relat-

of Representatives,

transmission of a memorial from the Legislature of

ing to the building of a ship canal around the Falls of St. jNIarie

38

To

House

the Speaker of the

^^

transmission of reso-

of Representatives,

.

.

34

February 23:

transmission of a series of resolutions from the Legislature of

Maine, concerning the Northwestern boundary 39

To

series of resolutions

the public 40.

41.

34

the Speaker of the Senate, February 23:

To

from the Legislature of

transmission of a

New

York, concerning

domain

35

the Speaker of the Senate, February 23:

transmission of a

series of resolutions

from the Legislature of Connecticut, concern-

ing the public lands

and

To

the tariff

35

House of Representatives, February 24: report and resolutions from the Legislature of

the Speaker of the

transmission of

Indiana, concerning the public lands 42.

To

transmission of a series

House

35

February 24: of resolutions from the Legislature of Penn-

the Speaker of the

of Representatives,

sylvania, concerning the distribution of the sales of public lands,

and 43.

tlie

To

revision of the tariff

^6

the Speaker of the Senate, February 26:

transmission of the

proceedings of a meeting of canal contractoi-s held at Lockport, on the subject of bonds sold by their agents 44.

To

the delegation in Congress from Illinois,

of a

memorial from the

legislature,

a Marine Hospital at Chicago

36

March

5:

transmission

concerning the establishment of

37

LETTERS OF THOMAS FORD (CHAPTER

11)

1842 PAGE 45.

To

December

the Senate,

14:

nominates Solomon Parsons

to

be

M. Hatch,

notary public for the town of Griggsviile, vice Ozias resigned 46.

To

47.

To

38

the Senate,

pubhc

December

nominates Ralph Hamlin

17:

House of Reprcsentadves, December from London

48.

Cerdficate of the

49.

To

50.

To

Senate,

December

the Senate

the Senate

39 United States 39

of Representatives,

and House

December

John Pearson from the

20:

noti-

state Senate.

40

.

December 20: notiSupreme Court, caused by United States Senate, and

of Representatives,

Sidney Breese being elected

To

39 transmission of a

19

and House

ficadon of vacancies existing in the

Thomas

17:

of Sidney Breese to the

electiorj

fication of the resignation of

51.

be notary

at Peoria, vice William Mitchell, resigned

the

letter

to

to

the

Ford's elevation to the governorship

the Speaker of the

House

41

of Representatives,

December

21:

transmission of the seventh annual report of the commissioners of the Illinois 52.

To

and Michigan Canal

the Senate

and House

41

of Representatives,

December

22:

trans-

mission of correspondence concerning the dissolution of the relations

between the banks and the 53.

To

the

House

resolution 54.

To

41

state

of Representatives,

December 24: transmission of Vermont

of a

from the General Assembly

December

the Senate,

27:

nominates Oliver Whitaker

to

42

be

notary public of Stark county, vice Christopher Sammis, resigned 55.

To

the Speaker of the Senate,

December

30:

.

.

42

transmission of the

seventh annual report of the commissioners of the Illinois and

Michigan Canal

42

1843 56.

To

ex-President

tions passed

Andrew Jackson, January

8:

enclosing resolu-

by the General Assembly, regarding the fme imposed

upon him by Judge Hall

43 390

LIST OF LETTERS 57.

To

and House of Representatives, January 11: attention manner of procuring sup})lies for the State House

the Senate

called to the $8,

To

59.

To

60.

To

61.

To

391

—

the Senate,

January

nominates

13:

De Grass

notary public for Bureau county, vice John H. Br}'ant, resigned the Senate, Januaiy 13: nominates

Henry W. Moore

to

.

.

46

the Senate, January 13: nominates Joseph Filkins to be notary

public for Virgil

January

Cook county

17:

House

the

47

Norman H. appoints these men

Hickox,

Bank

accounts of the State

To

Purple and Heniy G. Cotton, as a comniittee to examine the

of Illinois

of Representatives,

47

January 21: report of the lands

selected by the state, agreeable to the act of Congress of

March

19,

1842 6^.

To

46

be com-

missioner of the Gallaiin county salines

62.

44

Salsbury to be

48

the Senate, January 23: nominates

Samuel

F. Piice to be public

administrator of Alexander county; William G. Gofort to be admin

Theodore Engelman (Englemann)

istrator of St. Clair county;

be notary public for 64.

To

65.

To

to

Clair county

St.

48

nominates

the Senate, January 25:

Norman H.

Purple

to

be

bank commissioner

pubhc 66.

To

48 nominates Henry Brown

the Senate, January 26:

be notary

to

be notary

Walter Kimball, resigned

for Chicago, vice

the Senate,

to

January 31: nominates James

49

McCoy

public in the county of Whiteside 67.

To

theSenate, Februaiy

2;

49

nominates Lewis B.

Wynne to be public

administrator of IMenard county 68.

To

the

House

lutions

of Representatives,

from the Legislature

relations

and

the tariff;

of

49

Februaiy

6:

transmission of reso-

South Carolina, concerning federal

from the Legislature

repudiation, assumption of state debts,

of Georgia, concerning

and the imprisonment

of free ;

negroes 69.

To

50

the Senate

and House

of Representatives,

mission of letter from ex-President letter sent in 70.

To

February

Andrew Jackson

6:

trans-

j

in reply to the

56 above

|

i

50

|

the Senate, February 6: nominates Albert E. Smith to be notary j

public for

McHenry

at Pleasant Groves, 71.

To

county; Charles D. Pulver to be notary public

McHenry

county

sion of

and House of Representatives, Januar}' 6: transmisa letter from Governor Carlin, concerning the negotiation

of state

bonds

i

51

the Senate

5

|

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

392 72.

To

and House Representatives, February

the Senate

delivery of

bonds

to the

73.

To

74.

To the Senate, February

House

the

concerning

8:

governor by the State Bank

February

of Representatives,

51

transmission of a

9:

report from the board of auditors 10:

53

Adams Dunlap

nominates

be notary

to

public of Schuyler county 75. 76.

To To

the Senate, February 10:

53

burning of canceled state bonds.

the Senate, Februaiy 11:

nominates William B. Parker

...

to

be

to

be

notary i^ublic for the town of Tremont, Tazewell county 77.

To

pubhc administrator 78.

To

for

Hancock county

the Senate, February 16:

nominates

pubhc and public administrator 79.

To

letter

80.

House

the

To

54

nominates John P. Haggard

the Senate, February 16:

for

of Representatives,

the Senate, February 20:

54 S.

Robbins

to

be notary

Grundy county February

from Governor Carlin, relating

20:

55 transmission of

to selection of lands

nominates John McDonald

55 to

be

public administrator for Calhoun county 81.

To

the

Senate,

February

20:

55

Bryan

nominates

Shawneesey

(Shannessy) to be notary public for Alexander county 82.

To

83.

To

84.

To

the Senate,

85.

To

the Senate

the Senate,

the Senate,

notar}'^

86.

87.

public for

to\\ii

to

be

to

be

to

be

Lake county

55

February 21: nominates William B. Doolittle of Pekin

56

February 23: nominates William B. Doolittle notary public for town of Pekin

and House

of Representatives,

March

2:

56

certain state

indebtedness to be burned

56

March 3: nominates B. K. Hart, Peter Merrill, and William Montgomery to be inspectors of the penitentiary at Alton; Thomas INIorris, William H. Bissell, and Murray T\lcConnel to be bank commissioners for Bank of Illinois

57

To

the Senate,

To

the Senate,

and 88.

55

February 21: nominates Lansing B. Nichols

public administrator for

To of

March

3:

nominates James C. Sloo, John Crenshaw,

Orville Sexton to be directors of the

Charles Oakley and Michael Ryan,

bank charters

argument

to

of the

Bank

Bank

March

of Illinois

of Illinois

7:

57

defends the repeal

and Cairo Bank; furnishes

support the good intentions of the state respecting

its

58

debts 89.

54

Instructions to Elijah

Adams and John M.

value of railroad matenal belonging to slate

Kelly in assessing the

62

LIST OF LETTERS 90.

To IL

Bigclow,

March

393

instnictions about the purchase of rail-

15:

road iron 91.

To

63

March

Joel A. jNIatteson,

15:

purchase of railroad iron belong-

ing to the state 92.

Power

93.

To

94.

To Thomas

63

John Dougherty, March

of attorney to

leasing of the

27:

depot lands at Cairo

64

John Dougherty,

.

.

.

instructions about the leasing of the

:

.

depot lands at Cairo

65

Reynolds, Governor of Missouri, April 3:

acknowl-

edges receipt of the rcquisiton for Richard Eells (Eels) 95.

To

96.

Draft on Farmers and jNIcrchants' Bank of Baltimore

97.

Power of attorney

65

Charles Oakley and Michael Ryan, April 17: instnictions con-

cerning the claim of Rugglcs and

to

Howe

Charles Oakley,

of

New York

March

7:

66 67

negotiating the

new

canal loan of $1,600,000 98.

To Thomas

67

Reynolds, Governor of Missouri, April 13: reasons for

refusing to honor the requisition for Richard Eells (Eels) 99.

Commission

to

who were

Kercheval,

69

William M. Jackson, James Mitchell, and Gholson to assess

damages

suffered

by the canal con-

tractors

78

100,

Directions to the above commissioners

loi.

Power

of attorney to Charles

to act for the

Wright 102.

To

&

governor

in

78

Oakley and Michael Ryan, May 15: the bankruptcy proceedings against

Co

80

Charles Oakley and Michael Ryan,

money

received from the estate of Wright

103.

Power

of attorney to Charles

104.

Power

to act in the

May

&

15:

distribution of

Co

81

Oakley and IMichael Ryan,

bankruptcy proceedings against Wright

of attorney to Charles

&

May

16:

Co

Oakley and IMichael Ryan,

82

May

16:

similar to 103 105.

To D. H.

85

T. Moss,

May

16:

power

to sell railroad materials

belong-

88

ing to the state 106.

Commission

to

John

IM. Kelly

and Elijah Adams

to sell

timber and

other railroad materials belonging to the state, IMay 26 107.

To

108.

To James

Middleton Tackerberry, June

materials at

June

14:

9:

Tremont

Jslitchell,

88

concerning the sale of railroad

89

William M. Jackson, and Gholson Kercheval,

concerning the assessment of damages claimed by canal

contractors

90

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

394 109.

To

Ruggles and Howe, June

for

money due

no. To George \V.

concerning a claim u[)on the State

16:

for legal services

River Railroad

Company

91

bad

Gilson, June 16:

To H.

113.

To

Woodworth, June

P.

Rock

hinted at

in. To Stephen Harriman Long, June 112.

faith of the officei-s of the

91

20: sale of railroad iron

further light on the

23:

92

Rock River

Company

Railroad

92

Nathaniel Buckmaster, June 29:

instructions concerning the

sale of railroad iron

114.

To

jNIason

of Joseph 115.

93

Brayman, July

3:

asking information about the release

Smith

94

Lemuel Andrews to sell all material belonging pertaining to the improvement of the Rock River near

July 13: authorizes to the State

Va.ndrufT's Island 116.

T'o

Thomas

answer

96

Reynolds, Governor of Missouri, July 26: promises

in a short time

Governor Reynold's request

to

for a military

force to aid in arresting Jose^Dh Smith 117.

To Thomas

96

Reynolds, Governor of Missouri, August 14:

gives

reasons for not ordering out the militia to aid in the arrest of Joseph

Smith 118.

97

To John

C. Spencer, Secretary of the Treasury, August 5: asks that

railroad iron seized by the collectors at Cincinnati

and

St.

Louis be loi

released 119.

To

Phipps, September 11:

J.

Wabash 120.

Power

River;

concerning mill leases on Little

instructions as to collecting overdue accounts.

of attorney to Joel A. Matteson,

September

13:

.

.

getting the railroad iron released by furnishing proper bonds 121.

To

Robert B. McCown, September

offered for the apprehension of

13:

refusal

102

pay reward

John Williams

122.

To David Markely

123.

John M. Kelly empowered to sell materials on IMt. Cannel Railroad, October 30

(Markley), October

requests that they be examined

to

6:

102

provides for

103

submits

list

of lands

and

and valued

104 line of

Alton and

106

1844 124.

Statement, February 9:

refusal to receive iSIacalister

bonds from James Dunlap acting

Bank

of Illinois

&

Stebbins

for the private directors of the

106

LIST OF LETTERS 125.

To

ex-Governor John Davis, January

to the

126.

To

new

3:

395

answers questions relating

canal loan

107

Jacob Fit, March

4:

scrip sent to canal contractors;

about injunctions against governor; form of receipt

to

notice

be given by

canal contractors

119

Ryan, March

127.

Power

128.

Agreement between Governor Thomas Ford and James Dunlap, October 9: Macalister and Stebbins bonds received conditionally.

of attorney to ]Michael

powers given

in loi, 103,

similar to those

22:

120

104

120

1845 February 25

129.

Receipt for $4,565 .43, given to

130.

Proclamation authorizing the election of two trustees for the

131.

To John

and Michigan Canal by

132.

134.

the subscribers to the

Davis and David Leavitt, March

suggestions

made by

To John D,

Whiteside,

of a suit to 133.

J. Bcall,

these

new

10:

122 Illinois

loan

men

May

123

18: requests evidence in

contemplation

be brought against state by Michael Kennedy

To James 25: Adams presented for ratification To James Shields, Noveml)er 25: Shields,

November

122

discusses certain

list

124

of lands selected by Elijah

126 list

of

seminary lands presented

128

LETTERS OF AUGUSTUS (CHAPTER

C.

FRENCH

III)

1846 PAGE 135.

To Major J.

December

E. Jackson,

10: orders forces at

Nauvoo

to

be disbanded

131

136.

To Major

J.

supplies at

Nauvoo

137.

To

138.

To Major J.

December

E. Jackson,

the citizens of

disposition of military

10:

131

Hancock county, December

asks their aid in

12:

restoring order

Nauvoo 139.

To

140.

To

December

E. Jackson,

12:

a private

letter to arrive at

before the letters 135, 136

133

Captain Aiken, December 21:

affairs in

Dr.

Massac county;

W.

J.

Governor Ford 141.

132

To David

to call

asks information concerning

out militia

Gibbs, December 21:

for investigating troubles in

Leavitt,

December

25:

133

suspends order given by

Massac county

Mr. Leavitt asks

to

135

continue as

interest-paying agent of the state

135

1847 142.

To 11:

Magniac, Jardine

&

Co.,

state trustee for the Illinois 143.

To

Silas

Wood, March

trustees too high;

144.

To

Baring Brothers

&

General Assembly of

To

146.

To

&

February

Co.,

and Michigan Canal

18:

shows the Co.,

136

considers the salaries paid the canal disability of the state trustee

March

Illinois;

state to repudiate debts;

145.

and Baring Brothers

announces that Colonel Charles Oakley has been appointed

19:

137

transmits resolution of the

denies a desire on the part of the

asks for an exchange of bonds

William A. Denning, INIarch 27: concerning trouble

139 in

Massac

county

141

Charles IMacalister (probably), July 16: advises against making

a new claim on state; regrets that negotiations had not been carried out according (o the plan of the General Assembly 147.

To

Baring Brothei-s

governor 148.

in the

To William

&

Co., September

28:

defines the

142

power

of the

conversion of the Internal Improvement Bonds.

.

.

Gooding, November 30: charges against Mr. Gooding 396

143 144

LIST OF LETTERS 149.

To Governor Young of New York, Andrew

tion for

:

Piingle, Joseph Thornton,

397

refuses to

honor requisi-

Samuel Stead, and John

Davidson 150.

To James and

151.

146

collector of

To David on

interest

November

Sykes,

30: appoints

Mr. Sykes

to

be assessor

Highland county

Leavitt,

December

147 establishes

16:

new

rule for paying

state debt

147

1848 152

To William

Gooding, Januaiy

6:

procedure indicated

in investigat-

ing the charges preferred against Mr. Gooding by the state

153.

To David Leavitt, January

154.

To

of interest

on

155.

Silas

power

payment

state debt

150 to

send commissioner

line of the canal to take testimony in the case of the trustee

against Mr.

To

149

14: instructions concerning the

William Gooding, January 24: proposes

on the

tixistee

Oakley

of the canal, Colonel Charles

Gooding

152

Wood, January

canal affairs unsatisfactory; lack of

28:

of the Executive in canal affaii-s;

beginning of the payment

of interest 156.

To David

157.

To

158.

To

159.

To

152 Leavitt,

January 28: instructions regarding the payment

of interest; series of questions submitted

the charges preferred against

Magniac, Jardine

payment

ing the

&

Co.,

154

manner of taking testimony in Mr. Gooding by the state trustee ....

William Gooding, February

5:

February

11: asks for vouchers

156

show-

of state debt

158

George Peabody, Febniary 11: agreement of Mr. Peabody and the agent of the state; Mr. Peabody 's claim to be presented to the

legislature

159

To

160.

Judge J. D. Caton, February 14: encloses charges against William Gooding; instructions for taking testimony

161.

To

160

Charles Oakley, Februaiy 14: concerns the taking of testimony

in the

Gooding

certiiin

testimony

162.

To

163.

To David

case;

gives

Mr. Oakley pennission

to

withhold 161

William Gooding, February 16: urges the closing of the case; canal soon to be completed

making

Leavitt, February

18:

reports; interest to be paid

diate report

161

censures Mr, Leavitt for not

on $8,000,000; asks for imme162

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

398 164.

To

Julius

Wadsworth, Februaiy

new

allowed for clerk;

concerns clerk hire;

19:

$1,200

interest-paying agent to be appointed

&

164

165.

To

McDougall, February claim against Mr. Shenvood

21:

166.

To Peck and McDougall, March

makes

167.

To David

168.

To David

169.

To T. W. Ward,

debt contrasted; no European agent })rovided to exchange bonds.

.

169

170.

To

.

171

171.

To John M.

Peck

i:

gives pennission to settle

165 specific offer for collect-

ing Sherwood claim

166

March

Leavitt,

12: ;/]4,ooo to

be forwarded

to

England

to

apply on semi-annual interest

March

Leavitt,

167

21:

holdci-s of

to receive interest; surpluses to

April 9:

May

P. B. P'oukc,

bonds must present them

be applied

to

next interest payment

attitude of Illinois

15: injunction against the city of St. Louis.

Krura, mayor of

Louis,

St.

May

168

and Indiana toward

calls the

iS:

mayor's

attention to the action of the city council in building a wall in the

Mississippi river 172.

To 22:

172

William H, Benneson (Bennison),

To Wads^Yorth &

May

clerk of Quincy,

acknowledges receipt of resolutions of the

Quincy regarding the damming 173.

city

city

council of

of the Mississippi river at St. Louis

on state debt

174

174.

To W. H.

175.

To Hope &

176.

To John M. Krum,

July i8:

controversy w^ith

Louis

177.

To David W.

Swift,

June

15

difference in the salaries paid the different

:

canal trustees

to

pay

174

Co.,

June

shows the advantage

15:

new bonds;

of

tax

interest

175

St.

declines a conference regarding the

177

Hopkins,

sheriff

authonzes the calhng out of

of

St.

Clair county,

July

damming

militia to prevent the

26:

of the

Mississippi river at St. Louis 178.

To W. H.

179.

To Wadsworth

tsi

and coupons

be given

Swift, July 29:

177

monopolies formed

to

buy canal

lots

and

lands

180.

181.

178

to

Sheldon, July 29: ordei-s bonds, scrip, vouchei-s, to

To Julius Wadsworth, July To James G. King & Sons,

Mr. Webster; provides 29:

for funding

copy of the order referred

October 25: the two

to

.

.

above

To John M. Krum, Mayor of tation to visit St.

Louis

180 180

mill tax not appli-

181

cable to canal debt 182.

173

Sheldon, June 15: $60,000 available for payment

St.

Louis,

November

2:

declines invi-

183

LIST OF LETTERS

184.

To N. Niies, To Wadsworih &

185.

To

1S3.

-:

not to be destroyed

ferries

November

Sheldon,

399 183

urges the prosecution of

4:

funding the public debt

186

Charles Macalister,

November

Macalister

17:

regarded by the legislature as the only creditors certain

in

&

Stebbins

the matter of

bonds

187

186.

To

187.

To Hope &

Co.,

bonds

United States from Europe

president of

the

Bank

the United States,

of

November

29:

forwards law concerning payment of interest

188.

to the

December

To Wadsv/orth &

December

Sheldon,

187

assumes

state

i:

risk in transporting

189 $50,000 available for

11:

semi-annual interest 189.

To

190.

To

191.

To

190

Baring Brothers, December 12:

the canal Silas

and

calls attention to the

work on

the salaries paid the trustees

Wood, December

190

change of law concerning payment

14:

of interest

T.

192

W. Ward, December

bad been appointed secretary 192.

To

Charles Macalister,

laments the fact that Mr. Gooding

14:

of the canal board

December

14:

193

hypothecated bonds; other

claims to be presented later

194

1849

To Wadsworlh &

Sheldon, April

2:

investment of the state school

6:

funding of state debt.

195.

Sheldon, April To Wadsworlh To Thomas W. Ward, April —

196.

To

197.

To George

198.

To James

199.

To

193.

fund 194.

195 Sz;

:

attack of Mr,

196

Gooding on

the

governor; Mr. Swift imposed upon president of the

refuses to

certain

give

197

Coming Bank, New York,

comply with the

state funding act

199

Peabody, April 11: asks postponement of the sale of

200

bonds G. King

&

Sons, April 12: payment on coupons;

can

no information about the State Bank

Julius

Wadsworth, April

16:

202

refuses to consider certain

said to have been deposited with ^Morrison, 200.

bank

April 7:

To Wadsworth &

bonds

Jaudon and Smith.

.

.

.

203

interest

201.

202

Sheldon, April 19: enclosure of drafts to pay

To Julius Wadsworth,

July 5

:

new bonds

for Macalister

&

Stebbins

204

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

400 202.

To

Julius Wadswortli, July

enclosure of bond fomi

7:

205

203.

Bond fomi mentioned above

204.

To

205.

Austin A. King, Governor of Missouri, to Governor French, June

206

Julius Wadswortli, July 18:

Thompson

claim of

&

Forman.

.

.

206

30: withholds warrant for aiTcst of certain fugitives claimed to have

committed a crime 206.

To

A

Austin

promises an investigation

in Illinois;

governor of Missouri, July 20:

Eling,

207

concerning a

208

requisition for parties charged with kidnapping a negro

207.

To W. H.

Swift, July 27:

enclosure of a clipping from

tlie

Chicago

Journal, showing Mr. Gooding's unfitness for his position 208.

To John Hogan,

209

July 30: concerns a claim against the state by

M'.r.

Hogan 209.

210

To Richard M. Young, August

25: arrearage of the three percent

211

school fund 210.

Governor Austin A. King, claim

made

that

of j)iIissoun, to

Governor French, July 27: his runaway slave

any slave holder could capture

wherever he could find him ijii.

To

212

Austin A. King, Governor of Missouri, August 28:

questions

the right of the governor of Missouri to refuse to honor a requisition 212.

To Tucker &

Crops, September 20:

negotiability of the Macalister

213.

&

213

explains the arrest of the

216

Stebbins bonds

To Julius Wadsworth, December 18: bonds provisions for paying the Peabody claim

given to Mr. Oakley;

217

1850 214.

To

Charles Macalister,

Illinois

215.

To

Julius Wadsworth, February

ister

&

To

218.

Mr. Brower;

P. A.

the

Brower

to

7:

attitude

of

& Stebbins

218

relates to the claim of INIacal-

Peabody claim

Wadsworth, March Peabody claim

Ex-Govcmor Ford of

to

Julius

to settle

217.

explains

31:

declines to change terms of settlement with

Stebbins;

them; law refening 216.

Januar}^

regarding the bonds hypothecated to Macalister

to

to

222

Governor French, April

states that he

is

a sick

17:

concerns claim

man

Governor French, April

the late Colonel Oakley by Macalister

at the legislature in Springfield

221

be sent

3: remittance to cover salaiy; also

&

17:

222 five

bonds given

to

Stebbins for sersace done

224

LIST OF LETTERS

401

219.

John D, Whiteside to Governor French, I\Iay 8: nothing is due Thompson & Forman for railroad iron

220.

To Julius Wadsworth, May iron entered into with

221.

To

222.

To

claims that

224

19: concerning the contract for railroad

&

Thompson

Forman

225

Julius Wadsworth, June 3: funding hypothecated bonds held by Islacalister and Stebbins; misunderstanding between this firm and Mr. Wadsworth Julius

Wadsworth, June

makes remittance

5:

state debt

223.

To

Julius

227

Wadsworth, June

to Macalister

&

10: liquidation

bonds not

to

be issued

Stebbins until hypothecated bonds have been sur-

rendered 224.

To

228

Julius W^adsworth, June 27: relates to claim of

Forman; Mr. Wadsworth asked

Thompson

&

attempt settlement with above

to

229

firm 225.

To

Charles

INIacalister,

August 9: explanation of the law by which

the Macalister-Stebbins claim might be settled 226.

To

226

payment on

for

Richard M. Young, August

231

securing the arrearage of

24:

school funds for the state

232

227.

To Wadsworth &

Sheldon, October 3: spurious scrip discovered,

233

228.

To

November

Sidney Breese,

i:

asks that the matter regarding the

railroad contemplated by the Cairo

Company be

left to the legisla-

234

ture 229.

To D.

B. Holbrook,

tion of the railroad

November

i:

advises the delay of

tlie

construc-

by the Cairo Company

235

1851 230.

231.

To Wadsworth & E.

Moore

receipt 232.

To

233.

To

to

Sheldon, April 10: encloses draft for $24,000.

Wadsworth

&

Sheldon, April 12:

.

from Thomas Dyer

236 purchase of

Julius Wadsworth, Afay 19: provement stock; purchase of bonds Julius

Wadsworth, ^May

20:

New fund

for school

encloses

list

Internal Im-

of

236

bonds paid at the

treasury; school fund 234.

To

Tulius

Wadsworth,

237

May

26:

interest

bonds

to

be issued

to

Mr. 238

Ridgely ^35.

To

236

enclosure of a

Millard Fillmore, President of the United

asks for an extension of time in which

States,

September

to select railroad

lands

i:

238

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

402 236.

To

Dr.

G. Norwood, state geologist, September

J.

i:

concerning

state geological survey

237.

To Waclsworth &

238.

To

239.

To Governor of

239

Sheldon,

bonds held by Macalister ,

&

sale of

:

November

26:

interest

on hypothecated

Stebbins

240

government land

for warrants

and cash

240

1852 Missouri, January 15: asks reasons for refusing to

honor a requisition

for certain fugitives charged with the crime of

kidnapping

241

240.

To

24T.

To Governor

,

January

15:

the two mill tax provided by the Constitu-

tion of 1848 explained

242

February

of Missouri,

17:

affirms that a certain

negro claimed by citizens of Missouri as a slave

is

a free negro of

244

Illinois

242.

To Bowery

Fire Insurance

Company,

April

surrender of bonds hypothecated to Macalister

10:

&

concerning the Stebbins

245

1853 243.

James T. Barbour

to

Governor Joel A. Alatteson, March make a survey in Hardin county

8:

asks

that the state geologist 244.

Governor Joel A. Matteson 12:

to J.

247

G. Norwood, state geologist, April

authorizes sun^ey for lead in Hardlnty.

.

coun

247

LETTERS OF WADSWORTH AND SHELDON. TO GOVERNOR FRENCH (CHAPTER

IV)

1847 PACK

245.

March

expresses interest in Illinois;

22:

Sheldon soon 246.

June Cit)';

in

to

3:

Wadsworth

&

be formed

251

Governor French makes good impression

in

New York

the credit of the state improved; action against debtor banks

New

York urged

252

247.

June 26: an examination made Leavitt and the state

248.

August papei-s;

3:

has law relating

payment

to

of the account

between David 254

funding published

of detached coupons;

unpaid coupons attached; issue of 249.

firm of

receipt of

in

New York

bonds without

certificates for deferred interest

October 21: progress of funding; dissension among canal

Mr. Leavitt's removal

a,s

interest-paying agent mentioned; interest

on detached coupons 250.

November 23:

251.

December

issue of

256

bonds for deferred

interest; delay in present-

ing bonds to be funded 2:

257

IMacalister

&

Stebbins claim; register of surrendered

bonds; swords for Lieutenants Pope and

bonds

to governor;

change

Scarritt;. surrender of old

in interest-paying

agency contemplated;

few bonds exchanged.

payment

258

252.

December

9:

253.

December interest in

13: payment of interest; London be suspended

December

21:

254.

255.

January

3:

254

trustees;

261

of interest

issuing of

suggests that payment of

262

new bonds

264

surrender of sterling bonds by Ilowland, Aspinwall

&

Co.; delay by Mr. Leavitt in payment of interest; salary as transfer

agent $1,200 per year;

offers to take interest-paying

agency for

same amount 256.

January

13:

265

payment

by Mr. Leavitt still delayed; agencies be placed in one ofiice

of interest

suggests that the various state

403

—

267

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

404 257.

January

17:

payment

of interest

by Mr. Leavitt

furtlier delayed;

swords for Lieutenants Pope and Sea rritt; few bonds refunded. 258.

February

i:

.

.

$300,000 of bonds received from James Holford;

suspects counterfeit scrip 259.

March

271

18: salary for transfer agency; use of

money

to

compensate

interest-paying agent 260.

261.

262.

Pope and Scar-

surrender of old bonds

James Holford bins bonds

to Julias

274

Wadsworth, April

4:

Macalisler

&

Steb-

276

Wadsworth

Julius

any 263.

272

April i: counterfeit scrip; swords for Lieutenants ritt;

James Holford, April

to

of the Macalister

&

5:

declines to fund

Stebbins bonds

276

&

Wadsworth

April 12: counterfeit scrip; security to be given by

Sheldon

277

&

Stebbins bonds

264.

April 29: Macalister

265.

May

9: settlement of state's

266.

May

18:

counterfeit scrip;

account

payment

paying agency in London, Matheson 267.

June

v/ith

Gay

& Wadsworth new

of July interest;

281

interest-

& Co

acknov/ledges appointment of

9:

279

281

Wadsworth

&

Sheldon as

interest-paying agents 26S.

June

269.

July

I

:

270.

271.

New York

283

City; July interest

surrender of old bonds; $60,000 available for July interest;

payment; coupons of 1840 outstanding

of

284

July 3: dividend of $6 on each $1,000 declared for July July

7:

agents; 272.

283

deposits of state funds in

12:

manner

268

acknowledges receipt of $30,000;

many new coupons

remittance to

285

London

presented; foreign exchange

July 13: $18,000 to be sent to Matheson

&

286

Co.; deplores expected

suspension of interest payment for lack of funds; receipt of vouchers

from Matlieson

& Co

287

273.

July 20: payment on coupons of July, 1840, and July, 184 1, refused;

274.

July 20: foreign bondholders refuse to send bonds to

275.

August 2: sends vouchers received from Matheson

remittance of /^2,ooo to Matheson

j^i,5oo to 276.

Matheson

&

& Co

288

New York

&

.

.

289

Co.; remits

Co

290

August 21: 21,000 Internal Improvement bonds presented by Mr. Mathers of

Illinois

291

^'-f.

LIST OF LETTERS 277.

November

405

acknowledges receipt of draft for $4,000; interest

24:

on canal bonds of 1847; coupons of 1840 and 1841; January

inter-

est

278.

292

Governor Augustus C. French, per E. Moore, to Wadsworth Sheldon, August 24: asks for a receipt of above draft

279. September

money

11:

received v/ithout instruction as to

its

& 292

disposi-

tion

280.

293

December

amount

2:

of

New

Internal

bonds issued; parties owning

interest

recommends

Improvement stock, and bonds wish to fund;

single

that time for funding be extended; urges that at least

$55,000 be sent for Januar}'- interest; feeling against the two mill tax provided by the Constitution of 1848; suggests that to Constitution

281.

amendment

be made

December 29: $50,000 to Matheson & Co

293 remittance

available for Januar}' interest;

296

1849 282.

more than $1,000,000 Matheson & Co

Januar}^ 10:

bonds ready for funding;

of

;^2,ooo remitted to 283.

:

Macalister

& Stebbins

297

bonds; disability of small holdings

in funding; school funds

284.

March

298

supposed expiration

15:

of

time for funding

Internal

Improvement debt; total amount funded; protest against manner of funding by Silas Wood; bonds and scrip held by James Holford protested; Macalister 285.

286.

Stebbins bonds

299

24:

April 4:

& 287.

&

leams that time for funding had been extended; canceled bonds given to Mr. Webster; school fund

March

bonds presented by Howland

& Aspinwall;

302

Co. failure

Julius

301

echo of Wright

Wadsworth

to

Howland

&

Aspinwall,

March

10:

acknowl-

edges receipt of certain bonds "left in hands of J. Wright & Co."; refuses to issue new bonds for them; refei-s the matter to Governor

303

French 288.

Extract of a Aspinwall,

letter

New

York, I'^ebruary

of convei-sion into 289.

May

i:

from Matheson

new

&

Co.,

15, 1848:

London,

bonds sent

New

Howland

&

for purpose

304

stock

acknowledges remittance of $18,764.46;

market price of

to

Internal

Improvement stock

school fund;

304

ILLINOIS_HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

4o6 290.

May

acknowledges instructions relating

i:

to claim of

IJowland

&

Aspinwall 291.

June

292.

July 9:

305 acknovv'ledgcs receipt of $18,000; July interest

26:

306

acknowledges receipt of $24,000; vouchers of iSIagniac, Jardine & Co., and Matheson & Co.; bonds held by Rowland &

Aspinwall

307

293.

July 11: bonds for Macalister

294.

August

295.

September state's

&

acknowledges receipt

29:

counterfeit

12:

Stebbins settlement

307

of $40,462

308

comprehensive statement of

scrip;

indebtedness asked for

296.

September 28:

297.

October

298.

November

299.

November

300.

November

309

Ho wland & Aspinwall claim;

MacaHster

& Stebbins

bonds

310

acknowledges remittance of $4,565 .52

2:

310

acknowledges receipt of $2,985

13:

&

Thompson

13:

Forman

311

understanding

account;

between Charles Macalister and James llolford 28: school fund; transfer of

311

New Internal

Improvement

stock; five bonds given to Colonel Oakley 3CI.

December

12:

Thompson

&

312

$150,000 funded since January

1;

Peabody claim;

Forman claim

314

1850 302.

January

school fund;

16:

ered by James llolford; 303. January 29: January

Islacalister

five

&

Stebbins bonds suirend-

bonds given Colonel Oakley

Peabody claim; Macalister

304.

February

305.

February 21:

12:

314 316

interest &l

Stebbins claim

bonds held by Lord Gardner;

deficit in

317

interest

•payment 306.

March

317

—

Peabody claim;

:

Macalister

&

Stebbins claim;

bonds given Colonel Oakley; suljmits statement

of

five

bonds and scrip

outstanding

319

307.

Above statement

320

308.

April 9:

Peabody claim; no progress

in settlement of Macalister

acknowledges receipt of $5,000

309.

April 22:

310.

April 27: Macalister

311.

April 27:

& 321

Stebbins claim

&

Stebbins settlement

acknowledges receipt

of

$954.54

322

323

324

LIST OF LETTERS

313.

May May

314.

Charles Macalister to Governor French,

312.

10:

Peabody claim

10:

Peabody claim

407 324

settled

325

May

21:

Macalister

&

Stebbins claim 315. 316.

May May

22:

325

Macalister

Stebbins claim

&:

327

acknowledges receipt of $1,000;

23:

statement of funds

received for July interest

328

& Fonnan

318.

May May

319.

June

11:

Macalister

320.

June

20:

acknowledges receipt of $30,000

321.

June 27: acknowledges

322.

July 9:

317.

28:

Thompson

claim

329

31: certificates of indebtedness sent to governor

Thompson

Macahster

&

&

&

331

Stebbins claim; July interest

331

332

receipt of time drafts for $3,600

Forman

332

claim; no progress in settlement of

Stebbins claim

333

323.

July 9: disposition of funds in state treasury

324.

July 20: transmission of funds from Illinois to

325.

July 20: attitude of holders of Macalister

326.

July 20: transmission of funds from Illinois to

&

333

New York

334

Stebbins bonds

335

327. July 23: acknowledges receipt of $11,300;

New York encloses

336

credits

to

ninth dividend

336

328.

July 24: acknowleilgcs receipt of $580

337

329.

July 26:

330.

July 26: transmission of funds from Illinois to

331. August

Thompson

19:

August

29:

333-

September

334-

September

335-

338

&

New York

339

11:

bonds parson ted by Alton acknowledges

13:

receij^t

at

of

New York

3.10

Sangamon Railroad

$49,700;

school

..

&

Alton

]

34^] |

341

Sangamon Railroad;

|

funri;

of Illinois securities

21:

j

\

339

&

\

|

bonds

Sangamon Railroad

books and accounts of agency

market value

September

Forman claim

agents for Mr. Peabody claim $71.91 yet due;

presented by Alton 332.

(S:

market value

\

of |

3\^

Illinois securities

|

336.

September

23:

interest

payments audited; school fund;

market

adjustment of Thompson

Fonuan

value of Illinois securities;

.

;

;

INDEX 98, n.; manuscript of, placed in hands of J. Shields, cxvii; mentioned, Iviii, n. 5, Ixxx, n. 2, Ixxxiii, n., Ixxxiv, n., Ixxxv, n. 2, xciv, n., cxii, cxii, n. 2, cxvii; quotation from, 135, n., 1S2, n.; referred to, xvii, n. 3, xxi, n., xxxvii,

437

work on dam

in .Mississippi

River,

178.

House

of Representatives,

tion

to,

communica-

from: Governor Carlin, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 3T, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44,

Governor Ford,

Ixxiv, n. 5, Ixxix, n. 3, Ixxx, n. 2, Ixxxi,

50, 51, 53, 55; resolution of, sale of state bonds, 5 ; transmission to, of: letter, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 39,

n. I, kxxiii, n., ixxxiv, n., Ixxxv, n. i,

memorial from: Iowa,

2, Ixxxvii, n. 3, xci, n. 3, 5, xcii, n. i, xciv, n., c, n. 7, cxvii, n. 4, 94, n.,

34,

n. 2, 3, xlii, n. 2, xliii, n. 3, xlv, n. 2,

48,

liv, n. 2, Iviii, n. 5, Ixvi, n. 3, Lxix, n. i,

on

98, n., 135, n., 182, n.

Hogan, John, claim against state of, 210, 211; in employ of state, 210. scrip signed by, 320. Hogan, Hoge, Joseph P., candidate for Congress,

—

,

elected to Congress, Ixxxv; opinion of, on Nauvoo charter, Ixxxv. Holbrook, D. B,, letter of, to Governor French, (mentioned), 234; letter to, from Governor French, 235.

Ixxxv;

29, Michigan, 31, canal report, 41, insurance report, 32, report on public

petition,

works, 53, resolution from: Alabama, 33, 34, Georgia, 50, Indiana, 35, Pennsylvania, 36, South Carolina, 50, Ver mont 4 2 Sec General Assembly State Senate. House Journal, referred to, xxxviii, n. 2, .

,

liii, n. 2, 3, liv, n. 4, Iv, n. i, 3, 4, Iviii, n. 4, lix, n. 2, 3, Ixvi, n. 5, Ixvii, n., Ixviii, n. 3, Ixx, n. 2, Ixxii, n. 2, 5, n. 2, 6, n. 2, 10, n. 2, 16, n. 2, 26, n. i, 43,

n. I, 159, n.

bonds funded for, 271; bonds presented by, 300; characterization of, by J. Wadsworth, 355, 365; circular on building of Central Rail-

House Reports, referred

road issued by, 369; In-pothecation bonds to, 124; itemized statement bonds and scrip surrendered by,

Howland & Aspinwall (New York

Ilolford, James,

of of

380, 381; letter of, to J. Wadsworth, 276; letter to, from j. Wadsworth, 276; liquidation bonds issued to, 326,

379; ISJacalister & Stebbins bonds held by, 196; money paid on liquidation bonds to, 371, 372; payment of interest to, 368; refuses to submit Macalistcr & Stebbins bonds for examination, 277; surrender of ]Macalister & Stebbins bonds by, 315, 326; understanding of, with C. jNIacalister, 311; writes Goveriior French on subject of funding, 2S0. Holford, Bunker & Co. (New York City), purchase of foreign exchange of, 276; h>'pothccation of bonds to, 276.

Holstein

Canal,

estimated

cost

of,

kxii, n. 3.

Hope &

Co. (Amsterdam), bonds for-

to Nev.- ^'ork by, iSo; compliance of, with law, 18S; holdings of, lxix, n. 3; interest due, 81, 82; letter

warded

to, from Governor French, 175, 180. witness in Kennedy claim, Hopkins,

—

,

124.

Hopkins, David \V., letter to, from Governor French, 177; ordered to stop

to,

xlv, n.

3,

n. I, Ixv, n. 2, Ixvi, n. 4, Ixx, n. 3, Ixxiv, n. 4, Ixxvii, n. i, 2, 65, n. i, 78, n. 3, 89, 11. I. liii,

City),

bonds held by, 206; bonds sent to, 305; bonds presented by, 303; exchange of bonds by, 256; funding of sterHng bonds by, 265, 302; letter of 202; letter to, from: Co., 304, J. Wadsworth, 303; lien on bonds held by, 338; presentation of bonds for funding by, 348; J. Wadsworth advises cancellation of bonds held by, 311. Howley, M. J., private letter from, referred to, 55, n. Hunt's Merchants' Magazine, subscripdirections

Matheson

to,

&

tion to, 272. article in Nr.u York Evening Post on, 20S; aspirations of, xyi; claims of Wisconsin for counties in, xxxvi; critical period in history of, electoral vote of, xxxvii, xxxviii; for Democratic candidates. cast xviii; experience of, in: banking, xvi,

Illinois,

improvements, xvi; internal great problems for the executive of, xviii, xix; homogeneity of the people xli,

of,

XV

;

immigration from

New

Fng-

land and New York to, xv; influence of, in national affairs, xix; D. Leavitt's connection with affairs of, Ixxiv, n. 2, 257; many settlers in, from Atlantic

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

438

states, xxix; native state of: P.

B.

reported back to Senate,

Fouke, 172,

D.

of canal

n., J.

Pope, 270,

n., J.

Whiteside, 126, n.; number of counties in, xv; personnel of settlers in, xxxiv; political situation in, xxx, xxxi, xxxii; population of, xv, xv, n., ex, n. 5; public debt of, xxxix, n, 3, liii, n. i; stand of, with western border states, xviii; state of, in an experimental stage, xxix; stimulated to large undertakings, XV, xvi; territorial expansion favored by, xviii; J. Wadsworth visits, 360; wealth of, 252. See State Bank; State Bonds, etc. Statutes of, 1833, referred to,

Illinois^

Ixiv, n. 2.

As

Illinois

quotation

It

Is,

by Fred Gerhard,

from,

referred

xlix;

to,

xlix, n., Ixxx, n. 3, xcviii, n, 3.

Illinois

Central Railroad,

M. Brayman,

solicitor for, 95, n.; ciiarter for, xxii.

See Central Railroad. College, Governor Duncan, a trustee of, xx; T. Mather, a director of, 24, n.; R. Yates, attended, 133,

Illinois

and

Moses,

Statistical,

by

J. referred to, xviii, n. i, xxi, n.,

xxxvii, n. 3, xxxviii, n.

i,

n.

lii,

2,

n. I, Ixxvii, n. 1, 2, Ixxxvii, n. 1,3, 8, n. 2, II, n. I, 14, n., 17, n. i, 38,

liii,

3,47,n.

I.

Illinois-Michigan Canal, of,

Ixiii,

acts of General Ixiv,

Ixv,

abandonment

account

Ixiv;

of,

Ixii

Assembly on,

Ixvii,

Ixxii,

Ixviii,

li,

ff.;

Ixiii,

Ixxiii,

Ixxvi; cost of, Ixxii, n. 3, 210; cost of, compared with other canals, Ixxii, n. 3; damages allowed contractors for change in construction of, Ixvii, Ixvii, n., 78, n. 5; debt of, estimated, Ixxi, n. i; delay on, 137; demands upon, to pay interest on canal debt, 7; difficulties of work on, Ixxvii; difficulties surrounding,

tractors,

income

of, Ixxiii;

discussed in Congress, Ixii; dissatisfaction with engineer of, 144, 145, 145, n. I, 149, 152, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161; dissension among the friends of, xxiv, 149, 152, 157, 158, 160, 161, 162, 209, 210; economic influence of, Ixv; economic value of, Ixxvii; election of .rustees for, Ixxv, 122, 123; enemies of, Ixxii; engineering force on, too large, 145; estimated cost of, Ixiii, Ixvi,

n.

examination

appointed,

Ix;

of:

authorized, H, begun, Ixv, railroad to, 357; contracts on, let to former con-

116, 117, 118, 122, 123, 153, 190, 191; for,

board

abolished,

depends upon interest legislation, condition of, kxvi; construction

Ixiv,

Ixiv; amount expended on, xl; appraisement along, 78; appointment of trustee for, Ixxv; arguments used

Ixi;

posed, xl; charges against W. Gooding examined along, 152; claims for, made by Governor Ford, substantiated, Ixx; commissioners for, appointed, Ixiii; completion of, xvi, Ixxvii, 137, 175, 201; completion of,

5, 6, 9, 12, 58, 68, 78, n. 3, 86, 90, 107, n., loS, n. I, 109, 113, 114, IIS)

acting commissioner

for,

Ixiv; bonds for, issued, Ixiv, Ixv, Ixvi, Ixxv, Ixxvi, 23; building of, stimulated by success of Erie Canal, xxix; change in plan of construction of. pro-

20; disbursement of

n. I.

Illinois Historical

n.

commissioners

Ixxii,

4,

Ixxii,

n.

3,

Ixxvi, 7; estimated tolls of, xl, n. i, 7;

H.

of,

by

J.

Davis and W.

Swift, Ixx; expense of: construc-

tion, Ivi, Ixv, Ixxvii, operation, Ixxvii,

4; failure of, predicted by Governor Carlin, 6; feasibility of, Ixii;

n.

to prevent the completion of, Ixxii, S8> 59> 60, 61, 62; assistance given to, by D. Leavitt, 136, n. 2; attack on, met by Governor Ford, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62; attitude toward, of: American creditors, Ixix, Chicago, Ixv,

friends of, Ix; granted to creditors, 108, n. i; holders of canal bonds

Congress, Ixii, Ixiii, Democrats, Ixvii, Governor Ford, Ixix, passi7n, foreign creditors, Ixix, Whigs, Ixvii; authoriized to be built by Cicncral Assembly,

campaign

n- 3>

Ixxiii;

basis of

new

loan

for, Ixxi, n. i;

beginning of, xvi; l)ill for completion of: defeated in Senate, Ixi, Ixi, n. i, introduced in the House, Ixi, passed House, Ixi, passed Senate, 1x1, hi, n. i.

given preference in subscribing for new loan of, kviii; importance of, Lxii,

Ixvi,

136;

income

Indian claims along,

of,

Ixxvii;

issue in xxxvi, xxxvii; lxii;

of 1842, itemized statement of receipts and

exjicnditurcs of, Ixxvii, n. 4; lack of money for, Ixv, Ixvi; lack of confidence of state in, Ixiv; land granted by U.S. government for, Ixiii; letters of General Assembly on, 153, 190; letter to appraisers of damages on, 90; loan for: authorized, Ixiv, Ixv,

INDEX negotiated,

Oakley,

C.

b}-^:

Ixviii,

M.

Ixix, Ixxiii, J. Reynolds. Ixv, 19, Ryan, Ixviii, Ixix, Ixxiii, F. Thorn-

ton, 16, 17, 18, R. 16, 17, 22, 23,

W. M. Young,

Ixv,

managed no; money

for,

24, 31;

benefit of creditors,

money

for

completion of, Ixxiii, hxiv, Ixxv, 21?; mortgaging of, Ixxiii; national importance of, 7; needs of, 15; new estimate of cost of made, Ixiii, Ixiv; new loan for: apportionment of, 68, 69, deficiency in, li,

c,

5;

for

109, mode of payment of, 69, negotiated, Ixviii, Ixix, Ixx, bcxiii, ixxvi, 68, rate of interest on, 153, repayment of, 69,

secured by revenues

of, Ixviii,

58, status of, 107, 108, log, no, in, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, T18, 119;

new survey of, made, bdii; not a part of internal improvement system, li, n. i; obstacles in construction of, xvi, Ixxvi, 137; opening of, anticipated, 162; opposition to the completion of, be, Ixviii; original plan of, abandoned, Ixvi; payment of claims against, Ixvii, n., 78, 79, 80, 90, 210, 2n;plan to turn over to United States, liv; power of governor in affairs of, 153, 209, 210; progress of construction of, xl, Ixvi, n. 4, Ixxvi. Ixxvii, 48, 139, 153, 162; railroad to be substituted for, Ixiv; reduction of work on, recommended by Governor Carlin, 16; report on, promised by board of public works,

25; revenue from, xl, Ixxvii, n. 2, 7, 170, 210; resolution of General Assembly on, 197, ig8; resolutions of trustees of, 174; salaries of trustees of,

Ixxv, Ixxvi, 174, 175, 175, n, 2, 190, 191; sanguine expectation of, xl;

"shallow cut" plan Ixvi, revived, Ixvi;

of: objected to,

thrown upon

its

own

resources, 7; tolls of, Ixxvii; trustees of, provided for, Ixxiii; ultimate provision for payment of, 58; work on: almost ceased, Ixvi, ceased,

See Canal Ixvi, hindered, Ixxvii, 190. Board; Canal Bonds; Canal ComCanal Lands; Canal missioners; Trustees; J. T3avis; J. I'Vy; W. GoodImijrovements; D. Internal ing; Leavitt; New Canal Loan; C. Oakley; J. Reynolds; U. Ryan; W. IL Swift; State Bonds; R. JNL Young. Canal Association, Illinois-]\Iichigan act of General Assembly on, Ixiii; capital of, l.xiii;

Ixiii;

failure of,

charter of, repealed, Ixiii; incorporation of,

Ixiii;

439 opposition to, by Illionis delega-

tion in Congress, Ixiii. Illinois IMutual Fire Insurance

Com-

pany, report of, transmitted to General Assembly, 32.

improvement

Illinois River,

of,

li,

n. 2;

sale of railroad materials along, 88. Illinois Rock River Railroad, good

&

intentions of officers of, 92; sale of materials along, 92; threatened action against, 92. lUinols State Historical Library, Collection of, referred to, 8, n. 2, 39, n. 2, 63, n. I, 126, n.; Publications of, referred to, xviii, n. 2, Ixxx, n. 3, Ixxxii, n, 5, Ixxxvii, n. 3, xciii, n. 5, xcviii, n. i,cii, n. 5, 133, n. 2, 141, n. 3. Illinois State Journal, edited by M,

Bray man,

95, n. in

Mexican War, at: Vista, cviii, Cerro Gordo, cviii,

troops

Illinois

Buena

El Paso, cix, Fort Leavenworth, cix, Tampico, cix. Vera Cruz, cix; dissension among, cvi; enthusiasm of, cv; mustered in at Alton, cvi, cix; mustered out at: Alton, cix, Camargo, j\Iex., cviii. New Orleans, cviii; number of, cv; officered, cvi, cix; participation of, at Beuna Vista, Cerro Gordo, Vera Cruz, cviii; praised by Generals Scott and Twiggs, cviii;

rejection of, cvii, cviii; rendezvous of, at Alton, cv, cvi; second call for, cix;

transportation

cix;

cviii,

command

under

Taylor,

of

of,

cviii,

General

cviii.

Immigration into

state,

xv, xxix, ex;

tide of, 211.

Income bonds, payment

on, 378.

Indiana, attitude of, toward: creditors, 169, 176, repudiation, lix; resolutions

from

legislature

of,

35;

state

debt of, xxxix, n. 3. Insolvent debtor's oath, taken by Mr. Tilson, 180. Insurrection, Mormons not guilty of, 100. Interest on state debt, accumulation of, 17; acts of General Assembly on, Ivi, n. 5, bci, Ixix, Ixxii, 9, 10, 20, 136, n. I, 148, 255; aggregate surpluses of, 156, 279; amount of, 16, n. 2, 176, 228; amount of money available for, 174, 197, 261, 262; arguments against payment of, lix; arrearage of, 200,

House,

Ixi,

payment

defeated in introduced in passed House, Ixi, passed

294; bill for Senate, Ixi,

Ixi,

n.

i,

of:

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

440

Senate, Ixi, Ixi, n. i, reported back to Senate, Ixi; canal lands the only source of funds for, lo; certificates issued for arrearage of, 255; complaints about delay in payment of, xxiii; condition of different instalments for, 352; caution required in payment of, 149; delay in payment of, 260, 267; difficulties in payment of, 266; dissatisfaction in paying of, 376; due on internal improvement debt, 25; funds for, 163, 164, 236, 293, 318; funds in state treasury for payment of, 349; funds transmitted for, 336, 356; inability of state to pay, 200; instalment of, 156; instructions from

Governor French about pa3^ment

of,

147, 14S, 149. 154, 155, 156, 167, 168, 169, 174, 182, 1S6, 190, 196, 228; interest bonds exchanged for arrearage' of, 263; itemized statement of money paid out for diilerent instalments of, 353, 354; lack of information about, 25; lack of money for, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22; letters relating to, transmitted to the Senate, 29; liquidation bonds entitled to, 328; manner of payment of, 278, 283; money in state treasury available for, 136;

no provision by General Assembly

payment payment of,

opposition to paid by hypothecating state bonds, lii; payment of, for

lii,

lix,

of,

Ivi;

Ivii;

ex, 28, 192, 229, 253, 286, 304,

payment of, advocated Governor Ford, Ivii, Northern European houses, 82, Illinois, Ix,

316,

375;

by:

payment

of:

ceases, hi,

180, n,

2,

confounded with payment of debt, discontinued in London, 263, lix, endorsed in conventions at Fairfield and Marion, Ixi, favored by a few Whigs, Ixxiii, in bonds, 170, not debonds,

coupons only under certain conditions, 261, detached coupons, 255, internal improvement bonds, 263, liquidation bonds, 232, ISIacalister & Stebbins bonds, 240, old bonds, 300, transferable stock, 269, oijposcd by \\'hig party, Ixxiii, provided for, Ixxiii, to J. Ilolford, 368; plans for payment of, Iviii; presentation of bonds not necessary for, 151; promptness in calling for, 298; i)rovisions for payment of, Ivii, n. I, Ixi, 170; rate of, 141 remittance of funds for, 163, 180, 203, 292, 306, 307, 308, 310, 316, 322, sirable, lix, on: canal

;

6,

328, 329, 382; resumption of the pay-

ment

of, 81, n.; rules for

payment

of,

147; state constitution (1848) provides for, 176, iSi; suspension of the payment of, lii, Si, n., 288; surplus of money sent for, 156, 163, 165, 16S, 254, 318; tax for: repealed, 28, n. 5, voted, Ixi, Ixi, n, i; transmission of funds for, to Europe, 154; various

amounts of unpaid, liii, n. i; vouchors for: payment of, 156, 262, to be returned, 158, 159. See Dividends; Interest-paying Agent; D. Leavitt; J,

Wadsworth; Wadsworth

&

Shel-

don. Interest bonds, aggregate amount of, 293, 300; cancellation of, 313; date of, 269; distribution of, 328; arrearage of interest on, 263; exchange of, for liquidation bonds, 328; held by Alton & Sangamon Railroad Co., 339; issue 275, 319, 331, 338; list of surrendered, 314; minimum amount of, to be issued, 319; plan for issuing, 260; purchase of, for school fund, 313' numbering of, 274, 275; quotations on, 342, 344, 353, 355, 372, 375; signatures on, 275; surrender of, by: Macalister & Stebbins, 380, 38 1, Thompson & Forman, 345; transmission of, 264; Wadsworth & Sheldon directed not to receive, 340, 341, 342. Interest certificates, receivable for state of,

lands, 192, 200. Interest fund, investment of, 344; interest on liquidation bonds paid out of, 362. Interest-paying agent (New York City), accounts of, 162, 163, 164; advice of, 158; appointed by whom, 156; appointment of, 135, 164, 280; appoint-

ment of new, contemplated, 257; appointment of, proposed, 251; asks for instructions,

150, 151, 263, 264, 269, 272, 273, 275, 290, 296, 303, 309, 313, 327, 346, 357, 362, 365; l^ond

251, 25S, 2S2, 280, 3 28, 330, of, 27S;

change in, 154; commission of, 260; compensation of, 278, 280, 37S; de-

payment

267; 200; dissatisfaction with, 256, 257; duties of, performed by: exchange a-ent, examina260, transfer agent, 271; tion of the account of, 253, 254; information desired of, 154, i55, ^S'^' 162, 163, 164; instructions to, 147.

lay of, in

difilcultics

of interest,

encountered

by,

INDEX 148, 149, 154, 155, 156, 167, 168, 169, 186; D. Leavitt: complains of the work as, 267, requests that he be relieved from duties of, 275; new arrangements with, 378; proposal to make J. \Vadsworth, 260; security of, 257, 273, 274; surplus in hands of, 159; J. Wadsworth offers: services as, 266, 267, to act as, for interest on balance,

work

273;

for,

257.

See Financial

Agent; Interest; D. Leavitt; J. Wadsworth; Wadsworth & Sheldon. Internal improvements, account of, 1 fF.; act of General Asscml.'ily on, li, lii, 5, 6, n. 2, 82, 83; appraisement of, 62; attitvide toward, of: Governor Carlin, 7, Council of Revision, li, Governor Duncan, xx, ii, n, 3, General Assembly, h, lii, people of state, Ix, bd, 10; beginning of the agitation for, xxix; bill for: passed a second time, li, lii, passed by pohtical subterfuge, refused indorsement by Council lii; of Revision, li, bonds for: interest ceases to be paid on, lii, issued, liii, building of, in Mississippi Valley, xxix; called chimerical, liii; demanded by every section of lUinois, xxix; expenditures on, 6, n. 2; extravagance of, xvi; failure of, xxii, xxx, lii, 6; folly of the plan of, xxix; considered political issue in campaign of 1842, xxxi; Illinois-lNIichigan Canal not a part of li, n. i; impracticability of Hi; inception of, 1; indorsement of, by people, ii, infatuation of, xlii, issue in campaign of 1842, xxxvi; lesson learned from the failure of, Ixii; magnitude of, Ixii; manner of carrying them on, lii; not a strict party measure, xxix; opposition to, sectional, xxx; out of proportion to needs, xxix; prompted by speculative spirit, xli; sale of railroad materials n. I

;

,

used

transfer

of,

181 ;' transmission

of,

from Europe, 304. Internal improvement debt, act of General Assembly on, 140. Internal improvement scrip, funding of, 3x5, 320; signed by: jNI. Carpenter, 321, J. Shields, 321, L. Trumbull, 321. Inter-Ocean, established by J. Y. Scammon, 119, n. i. Iowa (Territory), memorial from House and Council of, 29; visited by Mor-

mons when Nauvoo was founded, Ixxix.

Ireland, immigration into Illinois from, xv; B. Shawneescy, a native of, 55, n.; J. Shields, a native of, 127, n. Iroquois County, state lands in, 104. Island No. 10, J. Pope assisted in capture of, 270, n. Ivins, Charles, interested in publication of Expositor, Ixxxix, n. 4.

"Jack-]Mormons," election of, in Hancock County, xcix. See J. B. Backenstos.

Jackson, Andrew, characterization of, by Governor Ford, xxiv, 43; fine imposed upon, by Judge D. Hall, 43, n. I, 2, 50; follov.-ers of, oppose election, of Governor Duncan, xvii; letter

Governor Ford, 50, n. i letter from Governor Ford, 43; pleased with action of General Assembly, 50; poHcies of, opposed by Governor Duncan, xvii; public record of, 43, 43, n. I, 2, 44; resolution of General Assembl}'- on fine imposed by Judge

of, to

;

to,

Hall on, xxiv, 43, n. i. Jackson, Andrew, Life of, by James Parton, referred to, 43, n. 2. Jackson, J. E., letter to, from Governor French, 131, 132; military commandant at Nauvoo, 131; ordered to sell military stores, 132, 133; orders to, 131, 132, 133.

in, 88.

improvement bonds, act of General Assembly on, 175; circular issued on, by J. Wadsworth, 355, 357;

Internal

143; delivery of, to Wright & Co., 83; deposited with INIagniac, Jardine & Co., 348; forwarding of, 181; funding of, 175, 180, 181, 291, 320; holdings of, in l^ngland, 289; interest on, 192; payment of interest on, lii, 263; presentation of, for funding, 348; provision for, 188; receivable for: railroad materials, 89, state materials, 96; registry of, 181;

conversion

441

of,

Jackson,

Thomas

J.,

J.

Shields

de-

feated by, 127, n.

Jackson,

William

i\I.,

appointed

to

assess

damages due canal contractors,

Ixvii,

n.,

78,

n.

i;

78; biographical notice of, letter to, from Governor

Ford, 90. Jacksonian Democracy, growth

of,

in

Illinois, xvii.

Jacksonville, rendezvous of militia, c; residence of: J. Dunlap, 106, n. 2, M. ISIcConnel, 57, n. 2, R. Yates,

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

442

Jacksonville Daily Journal, referred to,

io6,n.

2.

Jaudon, Samuel, asked

for certain in-

formation, 302; attorney for state, 86; exchange of bonds by, 143. Jefferson College, attended by L, Davis, II, n. 2.

Bissell, 57, n. i.

Edmund William, member of firm of Wright & Co., 83, 84, 86,87.^ residence of: Jo Daviess County, Hickox, 47,

n. i;

V. strength of mihtia 64,

n.

2,

in, xciii, n. 2.

Johnson & Co., commission paid to, 337. Johnson, Allen, Stephen A. Douglas, a Study in American Politics, by, referred to, 235, n.

Johnson, Andrew, L. Trumbull voted for, in

impeachment

Johnson

County,

Regulator-Flathead

W.

J.

Gibbs, 135. Joliet, incorporation of, 93, n. 2; residence of: D. L. Gregg, 233, n. i, J.

Joliet

2,

G. D, A. Parks,

and Jidiet, by William Grinton,

ferred to, 93, n.

R.

]\I.

re-

2.

Jonesboro, residence of: 64, n. 1,

Reynolds,

Young,

J, Dougherty, 8, n. i.

Journal of Cojnmercc, Illinois statute published in, 255. Journal of Political Economy, referred to, Ixiv, n. 3, Ixvi, n. i, Ixxvii, n. 3, 4. Journal of State IJistorical Society, re-

ferred to, XXXV, n. I, cxvii n. 3. Norman B., activity of, in canal legislation, Ixi, n. i; biographical notice of, 373, n.

Judd,

Judge-Advocate, Reynolds, 8, n.

office

of,

held

by

J.

2.

Juliet, incorporation of, 93, n. 2; residence of J. A. Matteson, 93, n. 2, 102.

2,

T. Reynolds, 65,

refund part of salary,

lix;

salary

of, 175, n. I.

Kamehamaha, D.

Gregg, minister

L.

Kaskaskia, residence of: S. Breese, 39, n. 2, P. B. Fouke, 172, n., T. Mather, 24, n., J. Pope, 270, n., J. Reynolds, 8, n. 2, J. Shields, 127, n.

Kaskaskia River, improvement of, !i, n. 2; to be made navigable, xxix. Kelly, John j\I., authorized to sell materials of Central Railroad, 88, So, 106; expense m.oney for, 63; instructions to, 62,

Kendall County, residence

by D. L. Gregg,

233, n- IJustice of the peace, act of General Assembly on, 38. Justice of Supreme Court, asked to refund part of salary, lix; member of Council of Revision, li, n. 3; oflicc of, held by: S. Breese, 39, n. 2, J. D. Caton, 41, n. 2, 161, n., W. A. Den-

of

J.

H.

2.

Kennedy, Michael, act of General Assembly on relief for, 315; debt owed to, by state, 125; payment to, 221; serves notice on Governor Ford, 124; testimony

of, 126.

Kcntuck)', native state of: Governor Carlin, 13, n., Governor Duncan, xix, Dunlap, 106, n. 2, W. L. D. lowing, 26, n. 4, J. Fry, 17, n. i, T. Reynolds,

J.

65, n.

2,

R. Yates,

M. Young,

8,

n.

i;

133, n. i, R. state debt of,

xxxix, n. 3.

Kercheval, Gholson, appointed to assess

damages due canal contractors, n.,

biographical

78;

n. 2; letter to,

notice

Ixvii,

of,

78,

from Governor Ford,

90. of General Assembly indictments in Alexander

Kidnapping, act on,

214;

County

for, xxvi; requisition for

men

Negro; with, See 241. Slave; State Soverignty. Killpatrick, Thomas j\L, activity of, in canal legislation, Ixi, n, i. charged

Kimball, Hebcr

See Joliet. Juliet Courier, edited

n.

8,

n. 2, J. Shields, 127, n., L. Trumbull, 40, n. i; R. M. Young, 8, n. i; refusal

Collins, 119, n.

trial, 40, n. i.

difficulty in, 142; residence of

A. Matteson, 63, n.

n.,

of, 233, n. I.

Jerningham,

Thompson Campbell,

A. Douglas, 235,

I, S.

Governor Ford, xxxiv, G. Koerncr. XV, N. H. Purple, 47, n. 2, J.

of, to

County, residence of S. H. Anderson, 26, n. 2. Jefferson Medical College, attended by Jefferson

W. H.

ning, 141, n.

C, member

of

Ma-

sonic fraternity, Ixxxvi.

from Kimball, Walter, removal of Chicago, 49. King, Austin A. (Governor of Missouri), acknowledges receipt of letter iiom Governor French, 212; attitude of.

toward fugitive slave law,

207,

-'oS,

213; letter of, to Governor French, 207, 212; letter to, from 212,

INDEX Governor French,

208, 213; presumption of, xxvi, 212, 213. King, James G., approves railroad bill of J. Wadsworlb, 368; circular on building of Central Railroad sub-

mitted

357; manifests strong interest in state finances, 369; recommended as agent to consult with foreign creditors, 365. King, John F., private letter from, referred to, 39, n. I. King & Co. (Son), (New York City), bonds held by, 244; letter to, from Governor French, 181, 202; opinion of, on foreign transfer agency, 289; suggest that transfer agency be established abroad, 289. hypothecation of bonds Kingsford, , to,

—

to, 124.

Mrs. Julia Duncan, "Joseph Duncan," by, referred to, ix, n.,

Kirb^',

xvii, n. 3, xix, n. 2, xx, n. i.

Knox, John Jay, History of Banking in the

United States, referred to,

xli, n.,

Knox County,

represented

Mormon m^ass meeting,

in

anti-

c, n. 7.

Koerner, Gustav, brother-in-law of T. E. Engelmann, 48; election of: as lieutenant-governor, xv, to supreme bench, xv; selection of, to settle dispute between Colonels Hardin and

Baker, cvi. Kreigh, Mr., arrangements with, for forwarding funds to New York, 333; draft from, 341, 342.

Krum, John M. (mayor

of St. Louis), biographical notice of, 177, n.; letter of protest sent by Governor French xxvii;

to, 106; office of,

held by, Governor

Carlin, 13, n.

Land Warrants, payment

for land with,

240.

Languedoc Canal, estimated

cost

of,

Ixxii, n. 3.

—

Larimer, charged with kidnapping a free Negro, 207, 212; requisition for: ,

made by Governor

]7rench, 207, re-

fused by Governor King (Missouri), 208, 212, 213.

La

Salle, sale of: canal lots at, xl, n. i,

railroad materials near, 88. La Salle County, public office in, held

by H. G. Cotton,

47, n. 3; residence

D. Caton, 161, n., IL G. Cotton, 47, W. H. W. Cushman, 233, n. 5. Lawrence, Abbott, J. Davis and W. H. of: J.

Swift selected to investigate IllinoisMichigan Canal by, Ixx. Lavjs of Illinois, quotation from, 59, 99, 107, n. I, 108, n. 1, 113, 114, 115, n. 2; referred to, xvi, n., xxii, n., xli, n., xlii,

n. I, 3, xliii, n. i, 2, 3, xlvii, n., 1, n. 2, 3, li, n. 2, Ivi, n. 3, 5,

xlviii, n.,

xliii, n. 4.

to,

443

letter

to,

from Governor

French, 172, 177, 183. interested in pubhcation of Expositor, Ixxxix, n. 4; opposition of, to J. Smith, IxxxLx; swears out warrant for arrest of councilors and mayor of Nauvoo, xc. Law, Airs. William, refuses to practice

Law, William,

spiritual-wifeism

with

J.

Smith,

Ixxxix.

Law, Wilson,

interested in publication of Expositor, Ixxxix, n. 4. Lake County, public office in, held by L. B. Nichols, 55; residence of L. B. Nichols, 55. Lake Michigan, terminal of canal, Ixii. Land Office, commissioner of, office held by J. Shields, 127; register of: notice

n. 2, 3, Ixiv, n. i, 3, Ixv, n. I, 3, 6, Ixviii, n. i, Ixxvi, n. 2, Ixxx, n. I, xcii, n. 3, 5, n. 3, 6, n. i, 10, n. i, 78, n. 3, 80, n., 89, n. i, 107, n., 108 n., lix, n. I, Ixiii,

115, n. 2, 122, n. 2, 139, n., 147, n., 159, n., 175, n. I, 181, n., 195, n. 2, 196, n. 2, 212, n. 2, 239, n. 2, 361, n. Laws of Illinois Territory, referred to, xlii,

n.

I.

Lead mines,

in

Hardin County,

247, 248.

See Geological Survey; J. S. Norwood. Leavenworth. See Fort Leavenworth. Leavitt, David, accounts of, with state, audited, 2 84; aids state agent in negotiating nev/ canal loan, Ixiv, n.

2,

136, n. 2; asked b}^ Governor French to continue as interest-paying agent, 135; asks for: clerk, 155, instructions

from Governor French, 150, 151, 163, 263; awaits advice from Governor French,

267;

connection of, with conversation

officers of Illinois, 257;

of

Governor French with, 155; copy

of contract sent to, 123; criticism of, by Governor French, 150, 154, 155, 162, 163, 164; delay of, in payment of

267; dissatisfaction wilh, elected canal trustees, Ixxv; examination of the accounts of, 253, 254; free services of, 164; indifference of, in submitting account to Governor French, 163; influence of, in Mew York, Ixix, Ixxiv; instruction to, by

interest,

257;

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

444

Governor French, 147, 148, 149, 154, i55> 15^, 167, 168, 169; interest-paying agent, 163; investment of, in

canal bonds, Ixix, n. 2; letter to, from: Governor Ford, 123, Governor French, 135, 147, 150, 154, 162, 167, 168; matter of Lord Gardner bonds submitted to, 318; money received by J. V/ad3v>orth from, 259; opposition to, by members of General Assembly, Ixxiv; payments of, to state, Ixxiv, n. 2; purchase of coupons by, 289; questioned by Governor French, 155; remittances made by, 159; requests: that he be relieved from

duties of interest-paying agent, 275, that J. WadsvYorth take over interestpaying agency, 267; services of, Ixxiv, n. 2; settlement of, 283, 284; state funds in

with state,

hands of, 284; threatened with law suit by General Assembly, Ixxiv, n. 2; visits: Chicago, 256, 277, 278, Europe, Iviii,

131, n.

Lee, John Doyle, The Mormon Menace, error in, noted, Ixxxv, n. 3; referred to, Ixxxv, n. 3, Ixxxvii, n. 3, Ixxxviii, n. 2, Ixxxix, n. 3, xcviii, n. J.

Smith,

Mormon literature, Ixxviii,

Holford, 315, 326, 379, Stebbins, 326, 328, 335,

J.

&

379, Thompson & Forman, 345, 347; money paid on, 371, 372; payment of interest on, 232, 332, 354, 368, 379, 382; rate of interest on, 232, 246.

Holford; C. Macalister; MacStebbins Claim. Lockport Canal, office at, 136; election of canal trustees at, 122, n. 2; meeting at, of: canal appraisers, 80, canal

See

J.

alister &:

contractors,

36;

Gooding, 145,

n.,

residence

n.; sale of canal lots in, xl, n.

Logan,

S. T., licensed J. practice law, 161, n.

&

of:

W.

G. D. A. Parks, 149, i.

D. Caton to

Co., draft of, 281.

London, payment of interest in, 263, 282; rate of commission charged by bankers of, 325. London Times, referred to, xxxix, n. 3, Iv, n. 5, Ixviii, n. i, Ixxi, n. 3, 26, n. 3.

Loomis, H.

G.,

purchase of interest

bonds and new internal improvement

Thompson & Forman Thompson & Forman Claim. Forman, 329.

See

;

Lieutenant-Governor, XXX, xxxi; office of,

candidate for, held by: S. H.

Anderson, 26, n. 2, J. Dougherty, 64, n. I, G. Koerner, xv, T- Moore, 42, n., J. B. Wells, 383. Lincoln, Abraham, S. A. Douglas, defeated by, 23s, n.

Hatch

to:

with, at Alton, 92; inquiries of, 93, 94; letter to, from Governor Ford, 92.

I.

Lincoln

of,

Macahster

City), re-

Leod, A. M., claims of, 119. Lien on state bonds, held by Thompson

&

paid out of state treasury, 349; issue

in,

arrested

Lenox Library (New York n.

228; blanks for, 310; dating of, 312; exchange of, for interest bonds, 328; form of, 206; interest on: 229, 236, 338, paid from interest fund, 362,

Long, Stephen H., biographical notice of, 92, n.; Governor Ford converses

i.

Ixxxiv, 97.

pository of

&

of,

Loker, Renick

Springfield, Ixxiv.

Lebanon, residence of Governor French,

Lee County,

issued, 331; aggregate of Macalister Stebbins to deliver, 276; amount

Monument Association, a member of, 38, n. 2.

O.

M.

Linn, William Alexander, authority on

stock by, 364.

Lord High Chancellor, declaration

of,

83-

Lottery, plan of, proposed to Governor French, 262. Louisiana, state debt of, xxxLx. n. 3, Louisville Advertiser, The, edited by M.

Brayman, 95, n. Lowery, John, arrest of, demanded, 30. Lyman, Benjamin, charged with kidnapping a free Negro, 207, 212; requisition for: made by Governor French, 207, refused by Governor King (Missouri), 208, 212, 213.

Mormonism,

Ixxviii, n. i; letter of, to editor, Ixxx, n. 2; Story of tlic Mormons, by: error in, noted, Ixxxiv, n.,

referred to, xxxi, n., Ixxviii, n. i, 4, I, 2, 4, Ixxx, n. 3, Ixxxiv,

hxix, n.

n., Ixxxvi, n. 2, Ixxxviii, n. i, xcii, n. 2,

xcvii, n. I, 5, xcviii, n. i, c, n. 7.

Liquidation bonds, act of General Assembly on, 228; aggregate amount of,

]\IcClernand, John A., attack upon,

by

Trumbull, xlix; H. W. ]\Ioore read law with, 46, n. 2. McConnel (ISIcConncll), Murray, biographical notice of, 57, n. 2; nomina-

Lyman

tion of, 57.

ISIcCown,

oHercd

Robert B., claims reward apprehension of J. Wil-

for

INDEX Hams, 103; letter to, from Governor Ford, 103. McCoy, James, biographical notice of, 49, n. 2; nomination of, 49. ^McDonald, John, nomination of, 55. ^IcDonough County, anti-j\Iormon mass meeting held in, c; represented in anti-Mormon mass meeting, c, n. 7. McDougall, James Alexander, biographical notice of, 166, n. 2; carries conditions to anti-Mormons, ci, n. 2; compensation for, 165; offer made to, 166, 167; offers to collect Sherwood claim, 165. McHenry County, residence of: W. M. Jackson, 78, C. D. Pulver, 51, A. E. College, A. C. French, pro-

fessor of law in, 131, n.

I.

McLean County, mobilization of for Mexican War in, cv, n. 3.

troops

McMurtry,

William, activity of, in canal legislation, Ixi, n. i. Macalister, Charles, bonds surrendered by, 379; charges state with repudiation, 327; claims of, ignored by J. WadsN\orth, 328; claims that Governor Foid ordered five bonds given C. Oakley, 313; complains because J. Wadsworth did not fund bonds held by Macahster & Stebbins, 326; disapof, 317; exchange of bonds with, 311, 312; five bonds given to C. Oakley, by, 217, 313; letter of, to Governor French, 325; letter to, from

pointment

Governor French, 142, 187, 194, 218, 231; sends bill to General Assembly, 227; understanding of, with J. Holford, 311; urges settlement of Stebbins claim, 204. alister

Mac-

&

Macalister

&

226; inability of, to surrender bonds, 220; interviews of J. Wadsworth with, 310; issue of hquidation bonds itemized statement of ^^) 335; 3 79 bonds and scrip surrendered by, 380, 381; liquidation bonds for, 312; owe for state bonds, liii, n. 2; payment of interest to, 354; purchase of foreign exchange by, with state bonds, 276; requirements made of, 326, 327; rule for funding of bonds held by, 228; scrip surrendered by, 320. Macalister & Stebbins Bond-:, accepJ

tance

by General Assembly, 1; General Assembly on, xlix,

of,

act of 277,

attitude

312;

of

French toward funding

Smith, 51.

McKendree

445

Stebbins, account of, exJ. Wadsworth, 310; ad-

amined by vised by Governor French

to settle

claim against state, 143; agreement to dehver liquidation bonds by, 276; due, 220; bonds hypothe-

amount

cated to, by J. D. Whiteside, liii, n. 2, 315; bonds in possession of, 216; claim by, that they gave five bonds to C. Oakley, 221, 222, 223, 224; considered by General Assembly as real owners of I\Iacalister & Stebbins bonds, 220; creditors of, not recognized by state, 227; damages resulting to, 220, 221; delay of, in presenting bonds for funding, 323; hypothecation of bonds by, 276; funding of bonds: held by, 219, J^3i)othecatcd to,

Governor

246; controversy about, xxiii; definition of, 300; disabihty of, 148; exchange of, of,

Bank of Illinois stock, 1, 106, 107, 120, 121, 122; expiration of time for

for

funding

of,

327; Governor Ford re-

fuses to receive,

from Bank of

Illinois,

funding of, 246; held by Bowery Fire Insurance Company, 246; interest on, 240, 323; obstacles in funding of, 335; question of ownership of, 276; refused payment by General Assembly, xHx; rehypothecation of, by Macalister & Stebbins, 245, 246; sale of, 276; secured by Bank of lUinois, xhx; sketch of, 106, n. 3; surrender of, by J. Holford, 315, 326. Macalister & Stebbins claim, act of General Assembly on, xliv, 121, 122, xlix;

142, 148, 187, 194, 206, 216, 218, 219, 220, 227, 231, 245, 246, 325; adjusted by General Assembly, 220; amount of, 312; attitude of Governor French to-

ward, 218, 219, 220, 227; difficulties of setthng, 330; final settlement of, 379; form of bond for, 206; mention of, 258; obstacles to settlement of, 333; opponents to, 142, 143; peculiarities of, 219; plans for setthng, 194; printing of bonds for settlement of, 308; settlement of, 194, 205, 221, 313, 331, 332; settlement of, interrupted, 226; settlement of, in hands of J. Wadsworth, 204; status of, 21S, 228; statutes relating to, 231; substitution of securities in, 1S7.

Madison County, mobilization of troops for Mexican War in, cv, n. 3; pubHc oflice in, held by: N. Buckmaster, 03, n. I, J. (A.?) Miller. 30, D. Prickctt, S.

17,

n.

H. Anderson,

2;

26, n.

residence 2,

of:

N. Buck-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

446

master, 93, n. i, G. T. M. Davis, cxii, L. Davis, II, n. 2, J. M. Krum, 177,

H. Long, 92, n., J. (A. ?) Miller, 30, D. Prickett, 17, n. 2; strength of militia in, xciii, n. 2. n., S.

Madison County, History

&

Brink 30, n.

2,

of,

Co., referred to, 93, n. I.

by W. R. n.

17,

2,

Jardine & Co. (London), of, 321; amount of money sent to, 156; asked to make account-

Magniac,

accounts

irig, 158, 159; attitude of, toward dissension on canal, 153; bonds deposited v/ith, 348; funds forwarded to,^ 155; holdings of, Ixix, n. 3; in-

quiry about compensation of, 156; letter to, from Governor French, 136,

Lodge of Illinois, 1840750, referred Ixxxvi, n.

Massac

County,

141, 142.

Massachusetts, native state of: J. H. Bryant, 46, n. i, W. H. W. Cushman, 233, n. 5; state debt of, xxxix, n. 3. Mass I\leeting, held by anti-Mormons, xcix, c, cii, ciii; held to protest against harsh measures of anti-Mormons, n. I.

ciii,

Mather, Thomas, biographical notice 24, n.; guarantee of interest by, 24; opposes pro-slavery constitution, 24, n. i; president of State Bank, 22; promises to provide for interest, 22. of,

& Co. (London), accounts of, 317; asked for statement of claim, 310; bonds received from, 302; copy

Matheson

159; remittance to, 163, 167; vouchers received from, 290.

warded

&

Co. (London), letter from, transmitted by governor to General Assembly, 26; money advanced by, 82. Maine, native state of: E. Peck, 166,

Y. Scammon, 119, n. i; resolution from legislature of, on northwestern boundary, 34; state debt of, n. I, J.

xxxix, n. 3.

Manegle, Mrs. Catherine, wife of J. Reynolds, 8, n. 2. Marcan, charged with kidnapping,

—

,

241.

Marine Hospital (Chicago), memorial eral Assembly on, 37.

of

Marion, convention endorsing canalinterest legislation, held at,

Ixi.

Maritime loans, status of, 211. Markley (Markely), David, asked to value state lands, 104, 105, 106; biographical notice of, 104, n.; letter

from Governor Ford, 104. Marquette County. See Highland County. Marshall, mass meeting in which Governor Ford was denounced, held at, to,

cvii;

troops from, rejected,

Maryland, native state master, 93, n.

I,

of:

L. Davis, 11, n.

N. H. Ridgeby, 352,

n.; state

debt

2,

of,

xxxix, n. 3.

Masons. See Nauvoo Lodge U.D. "Masonic Lodge" (building), at Nauvoo, Ixxxv, n. 3. Procccdiiigs

{Masonic)

of letter

counts

from Governor French for330; examination of ac-

to,

303; letter of, to Aspinwall, 304; letter from, 202, 222; papers from, 206; payment of interest in London by, 282; remittance of interest money to, of,

Howland

302,

&

190, 287, 289, 291, 296, 297, 306, 307; financial responsibility unknown to J.

Wadsworth,

286;

tlie

Grand

re-

Matteson, Joel A., appointment by, of Governor French, 131, n.; biographical notice of, 63, n, 2; copy of contract sent to, 123; funds with which to pay for railroad iron forwarded to Governor Ford, 93; letter of, to J. G. Norwood, 247; letter to, from: J. T. Barbour, 247, Governor Ford, 63; nominated for governor by convention, xvii, xviii; offers to

buy

railroad

iron, 92; power of attorney granted to, 102, 103; purchase of railroad iron

by, 63; railroad iron sold to, 194; requested to instruct J. G. Norwood to furnish official opinion on lead vein in southern Illinois, 247. Memorial, of General Assembly, sent to congressional delegation from Illi2>2>i

n-j

37;

o" Falls of

Ste.

Marie, from Michigan, 34; submitted to General Assembly, 182. Menard County, militia of, called out, c; public office in, held by L. B. Wynne, 49; residence of L. B. Wynne,

Meredosia, railroad iron of

vouchers

ceived from, 288.

nois, 33,

cvii.

N. Buck-

Regulator-Flathead

difficulty in, 133, 133, n. 2, 134, 135,

158; lien on bonds in possession of, 229; money advanced by, 82; money due, 317; payment of interest in London, by, 282; questions asked,

Magniac, Smith

to,

I.

loi;

residence

of:

at, levied

j\Ir.

upon,

Conn,

63,

INDEX Messrs. Thompson, 63; sale of railroad iron at, q^, 94; seizure of railroad iron at, 102; terminal of Northern Cross Railroad, lii, n. 3, 89, n. i; visited by H. Bigelow, 63. Merrill, Peter, nomination of, 57. Mexican War, account of, civ If.; attitude toward, of: Democrats, civ, Whigs, civ; eHecL of, on Mormon difficulty, ciii; enthusiasm for, cv; meager accounts of, in Letter-Books, xxii; participation of Illinois troops in, cviii, cix; second call for troops for,

447

Bloody Island dyke controversy, 172; anti-Mormons in, invited to join vv^olf hunt, xcviii; attack from, on Nauvoo, xcvii; authorities of, make requisition for J. Smith, Ixxxi, Ixxxii, Ixxxiv; claim of executive of, 71, 72; in

confidence of, in Governor French, 208; Democratic administration of, Lxxix; R. Eells indicted in, 71; effect in, of Bennett's exposures, Ixxxiii, Ixxxiv; feeHng in, against Mormons,

cviii; ser\'ices in, of:

95; governor of: criticized by Governor French, 213, 214, letter to, from: Governor Carlin, 30, Governor

57, n. I,

Ford, 65, 69, 96, 97, Governor French,

W. H. BisscU, H. P. Boyakin, 141, n. 2, A. Dunlap, 53, n., J. jMoore, 42, n., N. Niles, 183, n.. J. Shields, 127, n.; supported by Illinois, xviii; troops for, rejected, cvii, cviii;

swords pre-

sented for valiant services

in,

270,

270, n., 361, n.

Mexico, discharge of

241, 244, presumptions of, xxvi, 72, 73, 207, 208, 209, 212, 213, 244, refuses to arrest kidnappers, 241, re-

Governor Ford to call out imprisonment at Nauvoo, of agent of, 95 letter from quests

state militia, Ixxxv, 96;

;

Illinois troops in,

cviii.

Mexico, Gulf

of, transportation of nois troops across, cviii.

Illi-

governor governor

208, 212, 213; letter to of, 208, 213; persecution of Mormons in, Ixxviii, lxxix; requisiof,

tion from, for: R.

Michigan, memorial from legislature of, 34; state debt of, xxxix, n. 3. Michigan Central Railroad, G. D. A. Parks, an attorney for, 149, n. Michigan City Branch Bank, arrangements with, 36S; receipts upon, 334. Middlebury College, attended by: M. Skinner, 278, n. i, J. T. Temple, 119, n. 3.

Middlesex Canal (Massachusetts),

esti-

mated cost of, Ixxii, n. 3. INIiller, John (Andrew ?), warrants

to be

assess

damages

lakes, Ixxii. ^lississippi Valley, internal improvements of states of, xxix. Missouri, action of the authorities of,

for canal contractors,

Lxvii, n., 78; letter to,

from Governor

Ford, 90. Mitchell, William, biographical notice of, 39, n. i;

sent to, ;^o. Mills, on Little Wabash River, 102. Mill sites, on state lands, 105. ;Milne, George, counterfeit scrip surrendered by, 309; funding by, 282. Mission Institute (Quincy), R. Eells a founder of, 66, n. i. Mississippi, state debt of, xxxix, n. 3. Mississippi River, action of Iowa Territory regarding rapids of, 29; crossing of, by Mormons, Ixxviii; dam in, 171, 172, 173; dam in, ordered to be stopped, 17S; Illinois troops transported: down, cviii, up, cix; movement of channel of, 171, n.; navigation of, 172; site of Mormon city on, Ixxix; terminal of a water-way to

Eells, 65, 71, J.

Smith, Ixxxi, Ixxxii, Ixxxiv, 94; J. A. Richardson, an agent of, 71; rights of, 70; ringleaders of "wolf hunt" flee into, xcviii; state debt of, xxxix, n. 3. Missouri Reporter, referred to, xcix, n. 5. Mitchell, James, appointment of, to

Money

in xxxviii.

resignation of, 39.

hands of people, lack

Monroe County, Bissell, 57, n. i. J.

residence of:

W. H.

Governor Ford,

D. Whiteside,

of,

xxxiii,

126, n.

Tslonterey, services at, of J. Pope, 270, n.; to be inscribed upon swords, 270.

Montgomery, William, nomination

of,

57.

Enoch, letter of, to: P. A. Brower, 224, Governor Ford, 222,

Moore,

Wadsworth list

&

of cancelled

Sheldon,

236,

292;

bonds forwarded by,

217; sends law relating to Peabody claim, 221. Moore, Henry W., biographical notice of, 46, n. 2; nomination of, 46. Moore, "Honest" John, biographical

notice of, 42, n.; characterization of, xxxi; nationality of, xxxi; nomination of, for lieutenant-governor, xxx. Morgan County, militia of, called out.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

448 c;

public office in, held by S. A. 11.; residence of: S. A.

las, 235, las, 235,

n.,

J.

M. McCoimel, 133, n-

DougDoug-

xciv, xcv, xcvi, xcvii, xcviii, Missouri, Ixxviii, Ixxxiv, Ohio, Ixxviii opposition

Dunlap, 106, n. 2, 2. R. YaLcs,

to, ceased, civ; origin of, Ixxviii; out-

57, n.

1.

Morgan Journal, charges against Governor Ford made by, cvii, cviii. Mormons, account of, Ixxviii ff.; act of General

arms

Assembly on,

xxxii, xxxiii;

delivered up, ciii; assemat command of Governor xcv; attitude of, toward: Democratic party, xxxv, Governor of,

blage Ford,

of,

Ford, xxxv, A. W. Snyder, xxxii; attitude toward, of: Democratic party, xxxii, Governor Ford, xxxv, cxv, cxv, n. I, 95, Whig party, xxxii, xxxv; beginning of opposition to, xl, n. 2; belief of,

in spiritual-wifeism,

character of opposition to, ciii; charges of depredations against, ciii; conmiittee waits upon, ci; conciliatory spirit of, c; conditions submitted by, ci; convention of, Ixxxvii,

Ixxxix;

Ixxxvii, n. 3; xl,

danger in legislating

for,

delivery of state arms deof, xciv; deserted by John C.

xli;

manded Bennett,

Ixxxiii; dislike of, for

Demo-

cratic party, Ixxix, Ixxx; domination of, in state politics, xxxii; effect of Governor Ford's dealings with, cxi; effect of assassination of H. and J.

Smith

on,' xcvii;

emigration of, to: Missouri, Ixxviii,

Illinois, Ixxviii, Ixxix,

Ohio,

escort J. Smith to Ixxxiv; feehng in IMissouri

Ixxviii;

Nauvoo,

against, 95; finally crushed, ciii, civ; good-will of, to be retained by Demo-

homes ignore Democrats and

crats, xxxii; grovv'th of, Ixxviii; of,

Ixxviii;

Whigs,

ixxxvii i;

illegal

voting

of,

xcix; inactivity of the, explained, xcvii; in poUtics, xxxi, xxxii, Ixxxiii, hxxv, Ixxxviii, xcix; justice for, sought by Governor Ford, 95; leaders of, cii; leaders of, in jail, Ixxviii;

leaders of, break jail, Ixxviii; literature of, in Lenox Librar}^ New York, Ixxviii, n.

i;

meager accounts

of, in

Letter-Books, xxii; migration of, westward, led by B. Young, cii; national convention of, held at Baltimore, Ixxxvii, n. 3; newspapers of, Ixxxvi, Ixxxvii, xci; not guilty of treason, insurrection, or rebellion, 100; opposition to, in: Illinois, Ixxx", Ixxxii,

n.

Ixxxviii,

2,

Ixxxiii,

Ixxxix,

xc,

Ixxxv, xci,

Ixxxvi,

xcii,

xciii.

'

;

rages against, Ixxix; persecution of, in Missouri, Ixxix; petition of, presented to Congress, Ixxix, n. 5 preparation of, for war, xcii; property of: ;

offered for sale, c, purchased by citizens," ciii; question of: not

"new men-

tioned by committee that nominated Governor Ford, xxxiii, n. 3, paramount issue in campaign of 1S42, xxxi; ranks of, joined by John C. Bennett, Ixxx; reception of, in Illinois, Ixxviii, Ixxix; relation of A. W. Snyder to, xxxii; removal of: demanded, ci, to Illinois, 1839-40, xxxi; rctahation by, expected, xcvii; seism among, Ixxxix; select village of Commerce as home, Ixxix; spread of, Ixxx; success of, in election, bcxxii; suspicion against, xcix; suffering of,

cii;

;

sym-

pathy

for, Ixxix; sympathetic attitude of "New Citizens" toward, ciii; terms of removal submitted by Mormons, ci, n. 3; ticket of, xxxii, n. 2; ultimatum delivered to, ci; unpopularity of, xxxii; visit of, at Carthage jail, xcvi; vote of: cast in 1S40, for Whig candidates, xxxi, Ixxx, for Governor Ford,

ixxxii;

xcv;

warning to, by Governor Ford, weakness of, ciii. See Anti-

Mormons; Jack-Mormons; Nauvoo; Non-Mormons; J. Smith; SpiritualWifeism. of the, by W. A. noted, Ixxxiv, n.; re-

Mormons, The Story Linn, error

in,

ferred to, xxxi,

n.,

Lxxviii,

n.

i,

4

4, Ixxx, n. 3, Ixxxiv, n., Ixxxvi, n. 2, Ixxxviii, n. i, xcii, n. 2,

Ixxix, n.

I,

2,

xcvii, n. I, 5, xcviii, n. i, c, n.

Mormon church, organization of, Ixxviii. Mormon cjuestion, discussion of, xl; importance

;

7.

of, xxxiii.

\

I

Mormonism, denounced by John C. Bennett, Ixxxiii. Morning Express, article in, 255. Morris, Thomas, nomination of, 57. Morrison, Eliza, wife of S. Brecse, 39,

!

|

!

!

n. 2. [

Morrison, James, attorney for state, 86. Morrison & Sons (London), bonds held b}"", 159, n.; bonds exchanged for, 143. Morrison, Jaudon, and Smith, bonds deposited with, 203.

Mortgage on, canal Moses, John,

lands,

Illinois

| '

no, n6.

Jlistorical

;

and

Statistical, by, referred to, xviii, n. 1,

INDEX

449 meaning of

xxi, n., xxxvii, n. 3, xxxviii, n. i, Hi, n. 2, liii, n. i, Ixxvii, n. i, 2, Ixxxvii,

agent of Missouri'

n, I, 3, 8, n. 2, IT, n. i, 14,11., 17, n. i, 38, n. 3,47, n. I-

appeal to Governor Ford for j)rotection, civ, attacked by anti-jNIormon forces led b}' Colonel Brockman, civ, buy ]\Iormon property, ciii, sympathize with sulTering Mormon, ciii; ordinances of: distasteful to non-Mormons, xxxi, quotation from, xc, n.; residence of: John C. Bennett, boix, H. C. Kimball, Ixxxvi, William

Moss, D. H.

T., authorized to sell railroad materials, 88; letter to, from Governor Ford, 88; sale of railroad

material by, 93.

Mt. Carmel, Governor Ford makes public

address at, xxxv, n.

7;

terminal of

proposed railroads, li, n. 2. Mt. Vernon, residence of Z. Casey, 33, n. Mundy, Samuel, comjnissioner of Wabash improvements, scrip received from, 122.

Court (Nauvoo), habeas corpus power of, illegal, Ixxxi, n. 2; discharges J. Smith on writ of habeas

Municipal

corpus, xxvi, Ixxxi, Ixxxiv, Ixxxv; illegal act of, 97, 100; powers granted to, Ixxx; pretentions of, Ixxxi, Ixxxi,

Times, by

J.

Reynolds, pub-

lished, 8, n. 2; referred to, xxxi, n., xxxv, n. I, liv, n. i, Ixv, n. 7.

Naples, act of General Assembly on election of justice of peace at, 38. National Domain, resolutions on, from

New York, 35.

at, 95;

"New

Ixxix;

Citizens"

of:

Law, Ixxxix, Wilson Law, Ixxxix. H. Smith, Ixxxvi, J. Smith, Ixxxi, B. Young, cii; J. IL Reynolds taken to, 100; statistics of, Ixxx, n. 3; surrender of, to anti-Mormons, led by

Colonel Brockman,

committee Quincy, c,

by

visited

ciii;

non-AIormons from warrants sworn out

of ciii;

for councilors of, xc. Nauvoo charter, act of

sembly on,

n. 2, 98.

My Own

name,

General As-

xxxi, Ixxx; constitution-

ality of, questioned, xxxiii; discussion

General Assembly, xl; misinterpretation of, inevitable, xxxi; peculiar powers granted by, Ixxx; recommended by judiciary committee of Senate, xxxii, n. i; repeal of, urged of, in

by Governor Ford, xxxv, Ixxxii. Nauvoo Legion, act of the General As-

National Cyclopedia of American Biography, referred to, xxxv, n. i, 13, n.,

sembly on, Ixxx; authorized to assist mayor, xcii; efficiency of, xciii, xciii,

40, n. I, 57, n. I, 63, n. 2, 65, n. 2, 127, n., 131, n., 133, n. i, 235, n., 270, n.

n. I, 2, 3; illegal act of, 94, 98; or-

Natural History Museum, Worthen, curator of, 239, n.

A.

H.

3.

Nauvoo, activity in, preparing for westward migration, cii; administrative machinery of, Ixxx; arrival and burial of the remains of H. and J. Smith at, xcvii, xcviii; attack on, from Missouri, xcvii; John C. Bermett first mayor of, Ixxx; M. Brayman sent by Governor Ford to, to investigate release of J. Smith, 95; comparative size of, Ixxx, n. 3; convention of Mormons at, Ixxxvii; city council of: destroys Expositor plant, xc, meeting of, xc; councilors of, give bail on charge of destroying Expositor, xciv; counterfeit money thought to be made at, xcv; disposal of military stores at, 132, 133; force of state militia at, disbanded by order of Governor

131, 132, 133; growth of, Ixxx; hostile movement against, ciii; illegal acts of citizens of, 94; illegal voting at, Ixxxviii; imprisonment of

French,

ganization

of,

arms

state

strength

of,

mand of

xcii;

in

powers

possession

xcii,

xcii;

xcii;

under com-

xciii;

governor,

of, of,

xcii.

Nauvoo Lodge U.D. (Masonic),

char-

ter for, refused, Ixxxvi; dispensation demanded, Ixxxvi; instituted, of, of, ordered, investigation Ixxxv; Ixxxv; irregularities in, bcxxv; members of: declared clandestine, Ixxxvi, refuse to give up dispensation, Ixxxvi; personnel of, hxxvi. Nauvoo Mansion, funerals of H. and J.

Smith preached Negroes,

danger

ment

at, xcviii.

capture in

of

Illinois

runaway, of,

215; xxvi; indict-

on charge

of R. Fells

of steal-

ing, 71; kidnapping of, under protection of fugitive law, 207, 212, 213,

244, 245-

Neighbor, quotation referred to, xci, n.

from,

xci,

n.

i;

i.

Nevins & Townsend (New York City), bonds obtained from C. Oakley by, 217; letter from, transmitted to Gen-

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

4SO

Assembly, 26; order on, 315; brought by state against, 67. Newark Academy, attended by Levi Davis, II, n. 2. Newby, E. W. B., commissioned colonel of "Fifth Regiment," cix. New canal loan (1845), act of General eral

suit

Assembly on, vantages

of,

Ixvii, Ixviii, Ixxiii;

ad-

to bondholders, Ixviii;

amount of, Ixviii, Ixxiii; apportionment to American bondholders, Ixx;

battle of, action of A. Jackson after, 43, n. T, 2,44.

New

York, claims of Illinois against banks in, 253; decision of Supreme Court of, cited, 72; decree of vicechancclor of, 66; immigration into Illinois from, xv; native state of,

W. H.

Bissell, 57, n. i, M. Brayman, 95, n., S. Brecse, 39, n. 2, J. D. Caton, 161, n., J. H. Collins, 119, n. 2, PI. T.

basis of apportionment of, Ixxi, n. i; circular signed by subscribers to, 268;

Dickey, 278, n. 2, W. Gooding, 145, n., D. L. Gregg, 233, n. i, V. Hickox, 47, n. I, N. B. Judd, 373, n., J. M.

completion

Krum,

of, Ixxiii, Ixxvi; eligibility

to subscribe for, Ixviii; influence of D. Leavitt in negotiating, Ixix; negotiations for, Ixviii, kxiii; part subscribed for by citizens of Illinois, Ixxvi, n. i; preference given to holders of canal bonds in subscribing for, Ixxiii; subscribed for by foreign creditors, Ixxi,

Citizens" (Nauvoo), appeal to

Governor Ford for protection, attitude of, toward Mormons,

ciii; ciii;

attitude of anti-lNIormons toward, ciii; increase in number of, ciii.

New

England

states,

immigration into

from, xv, xxxiv. Ham^pshire, native state of: J.

Illinois

New

Governor French, 131, n., O. M. Hatch, 38, n. 2. New internal improvement stock, act of General Assembly on, 219; advantage to holders of, 170; aggregate Butterfield,

212,

n.

i,

amount

of, 293, 300; cancellation of 312; dividend on, 296; examination of, 310; exchange of bonds for, 304; inquiries about interest on, 261;. instalment on, 291; interest on, 148,

261; issue of, 314, 319, 331, 338, 348; of interest on, 150, 151, 155, 261, 262, 263, 295; preference for, 299; principal holder of, 360; purchase of, Governor French, 236, 361, for: school fund, 305, 354, 362; quotations on, 342, 344, 353, 355, 372, 375; sur-

payment

render

of,

by: Macalister

&

Stebbms,

380, 381, Thompson & Forman, 345; transcript of registry of, 264, 267. "New Lettings," contracts on canal under, 90. See Canal Contractors.

New

Madrid,

J. ture of, 270, n.

New

Pope

assisted in cap-

Orleans, attitude of people at, to-

ward A. Jackson, Illinois troops

43,

43,

mustered out

"•

i, .2;

at, cviii;

M. McConncl,

57, n.

2,

Purple, 47, n. 2; payment of claims under laws of, 219; resolutions from requisitions from state agents in, debt of, xxxix, n. 3; trans-

legislature of, 35;

governor

bcxvii.

"New

177, n.,

A. McDougall, 166, n. 2, J. A. Matteson, 63, n, 2, N. Niles, 183, n., W. B. Ogden, 21, n., G. D. A. Parks, 149, n., J. Pearson, 40, n. 2, N. H.

J.

of,

Ixix; state

146;

fer of stock of, 143.

New York City, active business in, 267. New York Evening Post, article on Illinois in, 298.

New York

Historical Society, petition

from, presented to House of Representatives, 31.

New

York Joiirnal of Commerce,

of G. Ixii,

Peabody

in,

letter

201; referred to,

n. 2.

Nichols, Lansing B., nomination of, 55. Niles, Nathaniel, biographical notice of, 183, n.; letter to,

from Governor

French, 183. Niles' National Register, compliments Governor Ford, Ivi, n. i; error in, noted, xciv, n.; quotation from, Ivi, n. I,

ciii,

n. 2, cxiv; referred to, xxx,

n. I, 3, xxxii, n. 2, xl, n. 2, xHv, n. 2, 1, n. 2, Ivi, n. I, 2, 4, 5, Ivii, n. i, Ixii, n. 4, Ixviii, n. i, Ixxi, n. i, Ixxii, n. i,

kxiv, n.

4, Ixxv, n. 3, Ixxvi, n. i, Ixxix, n. 2, 4, 5, Ixxx, n. 2, 3, Ixxxii, n. 2, Ixxxiv, n., Lxxxv, n. 3, Ixxxvi, n. 2, Ixxxvii, n. 2, 3, xc, n., xci, n. 2, xciii, n. i, 2, 3, 4, xciv, n., xcvii, n. 3,

4, xcviii, n. 2, 4, xcix, n. i, 4, ci, n. 5, ciii, n. I, 2, cxiv, n. 3.

amazed by Nauvoo,

Non-^Mormons, claimed

at Ixxxi,

powers Ixxxiv;

belief of, in spiritual-wifcism, Ixxxviii; consternation among, xcvii; Gov-

ernor Ford supported by, cxiii, cxiv, cxv; reign of terror among, xcvii;

INDEX women and

children of, sent away,

See Anti-?viormons. Northern Cross Railroad, bonds of, surrendered, 56; completed by state, lii, n. 3, 8g; construction of, 57, n. 2; xcvii.

repairs on, 94; sale of materials on, 89; value of, 89, n. i.

Northern

development of, Governor Ford in, XXXV members of General Assembly from, support canal and interest Illinois,

Ixxvii; strength of ;

legislation, Ix.

Northwestern Boundary, resolution on, from Maine, 34. Northwestern Territory, ordinance of, cited, 245.

Norton, Henry 0., charge H. and J. Smith, xciv.

of,

against

J. G., letter to, from: Governor French, 239, Governor Matteson, 247; special report on a lead vein in southern Illinois called for, from, 247.

Norwood,

public, acts of General Assembly on, 38, nomination of, 38, 39,

Notary

42, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56; removal of, 38.

68;

451

position to, Ixxv, n. 3, 136, n. 3; j^ower

attornev given to, by Governor French, 67', So, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88; supports canal legislation, Ixxiii; state bonds: (5) given to, by Macalister & Stebbins, 217, 221, 222, of

223,

224,

W. and

I.,

bonds and new

ment stock by,

purchase of interest internal improve-

364.

Oakley, Charles, administrator of estate of, 211; affidavits in Gooding charges allowed to be kept back by, 160; agreement of, with: J. Ilogan, 210, G. Peabody, 159, n.; aided by D. Leavitt to negotiate new canal loan, Ixxiv, n. 2, 136, n. 2; appointed: agent to negotiate new canal loan, Ixviii, canal trustee, 136; asked to consult with Ruggles & llowe, 66, 67; attitude of, toward: D. Leavitt's connection with aflairs of Illinois, 257, repudiation, 137; authority not given to, to receive bonds from Macalister & Stebbins, 223; authorized to settle

&

Townsend, 67, 67; blank bonds received from, 264; characterization of, b)' Governor French, 136, 137; charges against, by Whig press, Ixxv, n. 3; charges against \Y. (jooding by, 144; claims of, concerning Illinois-Michigan Canal substantiated, Ixx; expenses of, relating to negotiation of bonds, Ixviii, 210; fails to be appointed canal trustee, Ixxv; instructed to hold meeting of state creditors, suit against:

Ruggles

&

Nevins

Howe,

313, 315,

319,

323,

327,

obtained from, by Nevins & Townsend, 217, returned to state by, 203; transaction of, with Wright & Co., 302; visits: Chicago, 256, Furope, Iviii,

Ixix, Springfield, Lxxiv.

Oaks, Wesley, requisition

for:

made,

207, refused, 208, 212, 213. Ogden, WilHam Butler, biographical notice of, 21, n. Ohio, native state of J. Dougherty, 64, n. i; state debt of, xxxix, n. 3; transfer of stock of, 143. Ohio canals, estimated cost of, Ixxii, n. 3. Ohio River, sale of materials along, 88,

"Old Citizen" (Hancock County), meaning of the word, Lxxxviii. "Old Ranger," name sometimes applied to J. Reynolds, 8, n. 2. Co., basis of

OHverson O'Brien,

from: Governor Ford, Governor French, 161; op-

letter to,

58, 66, 81,

&

Thompson

setthng claim made

& Forman

out by, 346. One-Mill Tax (one and one-half mill tax), act of General Assembly, on, 136, n. i; referred to, lii; use of, 181, 295. Onondagua Bank, drafts drawn on, by Governor Carlin, 10, 11.

Ordinance of 1787, cited, 245. Ottawa, authorization to lay out, kiii; residence of: J. D. Caton, 16 j, n., H. G. Cotton, 47, W. H. W. Gushing, 233, n. 5; sale of canal lots at, xl, n.

i.

Paine, S., claims of, 119. Palestine, residence of Governor French, 131, n.

Palmer, John M., Bench and Bar of Illinois, by, referred to, 11, n. 2, 46, n, 2, 47, n. 2, 3, 57, n. i, 64, n. 2, 95, n., 127, n., 166, n. i, 2.

Palmyra,

N.Y.,

home

of

J.

Smith,

Ixxviii.

Paris, public office at, held by ]\I. K. Alexander, 122, n. i; residence of: M. K. Alexander, 122, n. i, A. C.

French, 131, n. Parker, William B., nomination of, 54. Parks, Gavion D. A., biographical notice of, 149, n.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

452

Parsons, Solomon, biographical notice

nomination of, 38. Parton, James, Life of Andreiv Jackson, of, 38, n. i;

by, referred

39, n.

W.

to, 43, n. 2,

Peabody, George, act of General Assembly on claim of, 159, n., 201, 324; advances made by, 200; agents of, claim small balance, due from state, 340; balance due, 337; bonds hypothecated with, 317; bonds surrendered by, 217, 325; claim of, against state, 159, 160, 222; copy of account of claim of, 324; difficulties in settlement of claim of, 330; estimates state debt, 201; funds for payment of claim of, 221, 222; funds remitted for paj'ment of claim of, 218, 337; inquiries about settlement with, 315; law relating to claim of, 221; letter of, addressed to J. J. Speed, 201; letter to, from Governor French, 159, 200; loan by, to agents of state, 159, 159, n.; payment of claim of, 324, 325; provisions made for paying claim of, 217, 218; remittance for, 321; requested to retain certain bonds, 200; settlement of claim of, 314; statement of claim of, 317. Pearson, John, biographical notice of, 40, n. 2; opposition to, led by J. H. Collins, 119, n. 2; resignation from State Senate of, 40. Peck, Ebenezer, biographical notice of, 166, n. I compensation for, 165; offers to collect Sherwood claim, 165; offer made to, 166, 167. ;

Peck & McDougall, letter Governor French, 165, E. Peck; J. A. McDougall.

to,

from

I,

N. H. Purple, 47; terminal

of

proposed railroad, li, n. 2. Peoria County, public office Mitchell, 39, n. 1;

Governor Ford,

W.

cxvii,

Mitchell, 39, n.

i,

in, held by residence of:

R. Hamlin, 39,

N. H. Purple,

47.

Peoria Press, referred to, cxvii, n. 4. Perry County, residence of T. H. Campbell, 233, n. 2, Peru, scrip sent to, 120; railroad terminal at, Ixiv, 366. Phillips,

Richard, steamboat captain,

125.

Phipps,

J.,

agent of state, 102; letter

to,

from Governor Ford, 102. Pierce, field,

Elizabeth, 212, n. 1.

wife

Pike County, mihtia

of

J.

Butter-

of, called out, c;

public office in, held by: S. Parsons and O. M. Hatch, 38; represented in antiMormon mass meeting, c, n. 7; resi-

dence of: J. A. McDougall, 166, n. 2, A. Starne, 38. Pinkneyville, S. Breese died at, 39, n. 2. Pioneer History of Illinois, by J. Reynolds, published, 8, n. 2; referred to, cxvii, n. i, 13 n.

Pittsfield, residence of O. j\L

Piatt,

Hatch, 38.

Mr. (New Haven, Conn.), bonds

purchased under direction bonds transferred for, 217.

of,

313;

Pleasant Groves, residence of C. D. Pulver, 51. Poems, by J. H. Bryant, published, 46, n. I.

See

Poems Written from Youth to Old Age, 1824-84, by j. H. Bryant, published,

Pekin, notice of sale of raihoad materials at, 89; residence of W. B.

46, n. I, Political parties in Illinois, relative strength of, in campaign of 1842,

166.

Doolittle, 56.

Pekin

&

Tremont Railroad, materials

along, to be sold, 89. Penitentiary, State, N. lessee of, 93, n. i. Penitentiary inspector,

Buckmaster,

nomination

of,

57; sale of railroad iron by, 92. Pennsylvania, native state of: T.

11.

Campbell, 233, n. 2, Thompson Campbell, 64, n. 2, Governor I'ord, xxxiii, J. Reynolds, 8, n. 2; payment of claims under the law of, 219; resolutions from legislature of, 36; state debt of, XXX ix, n. 3. Peoria, residence of: Governor Ford, cxvii, R. Hamlin, 39, W. iMitchell,

XXX. Polk, James K., call of, for troops, cv. Poll tax, proposal of, 139, n. Pontiac, state lands near, 104. Pooley, William Vipond, The Settlement of Illinois from 1S30 to iSjO, error in, noted, xciv, n.; referred to, xciv, n. Pope, John, biographical notice of, 270, n.; sword ordered for, 259, 270, 275-

Pope, Judge, discharges J. Smith, Ixxxii. Pope County, Regulator- Flathead difficulty

in, 133, n. 2.

Population of

Illinois, xv, xv, n., ex, n. 202; homogeneity of, xv.

5,

Portage, between Lake IMichigan and

INDEX Mississippi ]liver, known to early explorers, Ixii. Fosse comilatis, use of, loo. Post-office Department, ruling of, 45. Poughkeepsic Locomotive Fire Engine Co., negotiations of, with J. Reynolds and AI. Rawlings, 11; owes for state bonds, liii, n. 2; protests draft drawn by Governor Carlin, 13; refusal of, to pay for state bonds, 12. Prentiss, scrip signed by, 320.

—

453

amount held by

state, xl, n. i; dis-

tribution of proceeds from sale of, 22; granted for building railroads, 238; in Illinois, Ivii, n. i; resolution on,

from: Connecticut, 35, Maine, 35, Pennsylvania, 36; sale of, 240; selection of, in Illinois, 48, 55. See Canal Lands; State Lands, Pubhc works, acts of General Assembly on, 53. Sec Illinois-Michigan Canal;

by, 364. Prickett, David, biographical notice of,

Internal Improvements. Pulver, Charles D., nomination of, 51. Purple, Norman H., appointed to investigate State Bank, 47; biographical notice of, 47, n. 2; nomination of,

17, n. 2; canal commissioner, 17; letter to, from Governor Carhn, 17.

Purple Statutes, by N. H. Purple, com-

,

Enoch, purchase of interest bonds and new internal improvement stock

Price,

Prince, Ward & King, deposit of money with, 67. Princeton, residence of J. H. Bryant, 46, n. I.

Princeton University, attended by J. Pearson, 40, n. 2. Principal bonds, issue of, 256, 275; numbering of, 274, 275; plan for

48. piled, 47, n. 2.

Putnam,

J.

W.,

An

Economic History

of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, referred to, Ixiv, n. 3, Lxvi, n. i, Ixxvii, n. 3, 4,

Putnam County, pubhc by J. H. Bryant, J. H. Bryant, 46,

46, n.

held residence of

office in, i,

n. i.

issuing, 260.

Pringle,

Andrew,

requisition for, 146.

Private rights, upheld by General Assembly, 62. Procecdiugs of the House, referred to, 9, n. I.

Backenstos to Hancock County, xcix,

Proclamation, by: citizens

of

J. 13.

Carhn on arrest of J. Williams, 103, Governor Ford, calling for volunteers for Mexican War, cv, Governor French to citizens of Hancock County, 132, J. J. Hardin Governor

to

citizens

Mormon ci,

n.

of

western

leaders,

cii.

Illinois,

on Rcgulator-Flathead

5;

ci.

Major Warren, dif-

culty, 141.

Property valuation,

Ixi, n.

176, n. Prophel of Palmyra, The, referred to, Ixxxix, n. 3.

2,

ex, n. 4,

by T. Gregg,

PubHc administrator, nomination

of,

48, 40, 54, 55-

Publicdebt.amount

Duncan

Quincy, anti-Mormon mass meeting held at, c; attitude of people of, toward improvement of St. Louis harbor, 171, n., 173; peace committee from, visits Nauvoo, ciii; pubhc office at, held by W. IL Benneson, 173, n. 2; residence of: W. H. Benneson, 173, n. 2, Governor Carlin, 13, n., Eells, 66, n. i, R. M. Young, 85; resolutions passed by city council of, 173; J. Smith, starts for, Ixxxiv, 98; terminal of proposed railroad, h, n. 2. Quincy Herald, referred to, Ixxxii, n. 2.

R.

Asbury, referred

of, by to, 66, n. i.

Henry

Railroad, act of Congress on building

Alton to Mt. Carmel, Alton Shawneetown, Belleville to Mt, Carmel, Branch of Central, Cairo to Illinois-Michigan Canal, Lower Alton to Central, Peoria to Warsaw, Quincy of, Ixiv,

to

33.

Pulilic education,

195, n. 2; letter to, from Governor Carlin, 32; resolution sent to, 32.

Quincy, Reminiscences

Pro-slavery men warned by Governor Ford, 77. ^c^; jMissouri, Governor of; State Sovereignty. Protective policy, resolution on, from

Alabama,

Quartermaster-General, asked to report number and kinds of arms belonging to state, 33; office of, held by: N. Buckmaster, 93, n. i, H. S. Cooley,

of,

liii,

n. r, ex, n. 3.

efforts of

Governor

for, xx.

Public land, acts of Congress on, 48, 104; act of General .Vssembly on, 55;

to Indiana state line, li, n. 2, building 234, 235, 238; built where not needed, xxix; cost of, in Illinois, 358; delay in building, xvi; projection of, of,

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

454

rapid development of, superiority of, over canals, Ixiv. xxix;

^

Alton

& Mt.

Carmel; Alton

&

xvi;

See

Sanga-

Central; Chicago & Alton; Chicago, Burlington & Quincy; Chicago, Paducah & Southwestern; Galena & Chicago Union; Internal Improvements; Michigan Central; Northern Cross; Southern Cross;

mon;

Union

elimination of, 133, n. 2; report on, 135; for sketch of, see 133, n. 2. Religious tolerance, marriage vows broken under cloak of, Ixxxviii.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, attended b}'- J. H. Bryant, 46, n. i. Reports of the Decisions of the Supreme Court of Illinois, published by S. Breese, 39, n.

2.

by

Representative (U.S.), office of, held by: W. H. Bissell, 57, n. i, Thompson Campbell, 64, n. 2, Zadok Casey, 33, n., S. A. Douglas, 235, n., J. Duncan, xvii, P. B. Fouke, 172, n., N. B. Judd, 373, n., J. Reynolds, 8, n. 2, J. T. Stuart, 33, n., L. Tnmabull, 40, n. i, R. Yates, 133, n. i. Repudiation of state debt, action of other states on, xxxix; agitation for, xxxix; approval of Ford's opposition to, Ixi, ixii; attitude toward, of: Governor Carlin, Iv, Democratic party, Iv, Governor Ford, liv, Iviii, C. Oakley, 137, people of state, 169, 176, M.

United States custom officer, loi, 102; shipment of, 230; tarifl on, 92, loi.

Ryan, Iv, n. 5, Ixxii, n. i. Whig party, liv. Governor Whitcomb (Indiana),

Pacific.

Railroad iron, bond given for paj^ment of duty on, loi; calculation of price Forof, 346; claim of Thompson man for, 229, 338, 344; contract for, by J. D. Whiteside, 229; for penitentiary purposes, 63; levy on, by United States collector, loi offer of Governor Matteson to buy, 92; pa>Tiient for: by Wright & Co., 230, with state bonds, 224, 225; price of: contracted

&

;

by

J. D. Whiteside, 347, (1850), 347; purchase of, 224; refusal of Thompson & Forman to furnish, 230; sale of,

63, 92, 93, 94, 224;

seizure

of,

Railroad lands, sale of, 358, 359. See Canal Lands; Federal Land Grant; Public Land; State Lands. Railroad Manual, hy S. H. Long, published, 92, n.

Railroad rates, influenced by Michigan Canal, Ixxvii.

Randolph County, residence H. Campbell, 233, n. 2,

Illinois-

T. B.

of:

P.

Fouke, 172, n., T. Mather, 24, Pope, 270, n., J. Reynolds,

n., 8,

J.

n. 2, J. Shields, 127, n.

Rawdon, Wright, Hatch

&

Edson,

bill

of, 337-

Rawlings, Moses Marshall, contract of, with Wright & Co., 82; negotiation of, with Poughkeepsie Locomotive Fire Engine Co., 11; transactions of, & Co., 302. Rebellion, Mormons not guilty of, 100.

with Wright

Redmon, William

B., collection of divi-

dend on slock held by, 363. Register of bonds, transcript

of, 252.

Rcgulalor-Flatbcad difficulty, act General Assembly on, 141, n.

of 3; n.;

action of state militia in, 135, attitude toward, of: Governor Ford, 133, n. ?, Governor French, 133, passim, General Assembly, 133, n. 2; compilation of matter on, 133, n. 2; drastic measures in, advised, 142;

lix;

danger

of,

xxxix, xl; feeling in

Europe about, xxxix;

made by

charges of, C. Macahster, 327; denied

by Democrats and Whigs, liv; discussed in London Times, xxxix; gains ground, ILx; Illinois stigmatized vrith, 140; misunderstood by people, liv; opinion in Europe about, Iv, n. 4; opposed, Ixxiii; "repudiated," by Governor Ford, Ivi, n. i; results of a refusal of, ex; resolutions of General Assembly on, 139, n.; stigma of, to be avoided, Iv; tendenc)'- of the state to, xA'i; transmission to Lower House, General Assembly, resolution from Georgia on, 50. Requisition, from Governor of: Missouri for R. Eells, 65, J. Smith, Ixxxi, Ixxxiv, New York for J. Davidson, A. Pringle, S. Stead, and J. Thornton, 146; on Governor of Missouri for W. Larijner, 108, Oaks, 108, IT2, 113, 112, 113, J. Lowery, 30, B. Lyman,

—

108, 112 113, E. Resolutions, from

W. Thomas, city

30.

council

of

Quincy, 173; of General Assembly on: burning of state bonds, 54, Cumberland road, 33, 33, n., fine imposed upon General Jackson, 43, re-election of president, 33, 33, n., refunduig salaries, lix, state banks, 41; on: from Vermont, 42, exchange of state

—

INDEX publications from Alabama, 34, national domain, from

New

York, 35, Rorthwestcrn boundary, from Maine, 34, protective policy from Alabama, 33, public lands, from: Connecticut, 35, Indiana, 35, Pennsylvania, 36, tariff from: Connecticut, 35, Pennsylvania, 36; sent to A. Jackson, 43, _

455

Ridgely,

Nicholas ,11., biographical notice of, 352, n.; bonds issued to, 238. Rigdon, Sidney, candidacy of, for vicepresident, Ixxxvii; carries petition to Congress, Ixxix, n. 5; councilor of Nauvoo, Ixxx; name of, substituted for that of James C. Bennett, Ixxxvii. Riggs, E., letter to, Ixxvi, n. 4; protest

made by Governor French

n. I.

Revolutionary War, soldiers of, exempted from taxation, 139, n. Reynolds, J. M., attorney for State of Illinois, 67,

Robbins,

S.,

Robbins

&

nomination

of, 55.

Sons, bonds transferred by,

217, 313-

Reynolds, John, action of, in selling bonds approved by Governor Carlin, 22; advised by Governor Carlin to cancel contract with Wright & Co., 10; appointed agent to negotiate loan,

appointment by, of: M. K. Alexander, 122, n. i. Governor Ford, Ixv, 8;

Robinson, Henry, member of firm of \Vright

& Co.,

83, 84, 86, 87.

Robinson, John M., memorial sent

Rock

County,

Island

Andrews,

L.

sheriff of, 96.

Rock

River, improvement

of,

sale of materials on, 96.

with Wright & Co., 14, to hypothecate bonds, 19; biographical notice of,

Rock River Railroad. See Rock River Railroad.

characterization of Governor

Ford, by, cxvii; contract

of,

with from,

Wright & Co., 85, 86; letter to, Governor Carlin, 8, 13, 19; memorial sent

to,

s3j

37; negotiation of,

^'^•j

to,

33, n.

xxxiv; authorized: to close contract

8, n. 2;

to, Ixxvi,

n. 4.

n.

2;

Illinois

&

li,

Rocky Mountain Saints, The, by T, B. H. Stenhouse, referred to, xxxi, n., bfxXj n. 2, 3, Ixxxi, n. Ixxxix, n. I, xcvii, n. cii,

i,

Ixxxv, n.

2,

i,

xcviii, n.

i,

n. 2.

with Poughkeepsic Locomotive Fire Engine Co., 11; ordered to deliver 1,100 canal bonds to W. F. Thornton, 13; Pioneer History of Illinois, by,

Rose, James A., MSS on RegulatorFlathead difficulty by, 133, n. 2. Rosenbaum, H. W., scrip received from,

published,

Ruggles

referred to, cxvii, n. I, 13, n.; urged by Governor Carlin to procure funds for state, 13; visits Europe, \xv] Own Times, by, published, 8, n. 2; referred to, xxxi, 8, n. 2;

My

n.,

XXXV, n.

n, i, Ixv, n. 7. agent of Missouri,

i, liv,

Reynolds, Joseph

II.,

96; arrest of, on vrarrant sworn out J. Smith, 97; indignities heaped upon, by JMormons, 100; sues out writ of habeas corpus, 97; testimony of, 9S. Reynolds, Thomas, biographical notice

by

of, 65, n. 2; cites

71, 72;

complaint

New York, on lack of con-

laws of of,

Governor Ford, 77; letter from Governor Ford, 65, 69, 96, 97; legal arguments of, 72; requests Governor Ford to call out state fidence of

to,

militia, Ixxxv, q6. \\'illiam, letter from, to Mrs. Smith, xcvii; terms of sale of Mormon property by, c; visits H. and J. Smith in Carthage jail, xcvi. Richardson, James A., agent of Mis-

Richards,

Emma

souri, 71.

281.

ment

&

Hov/e (New York), adjustof claim of, 66, 67; attitude of

Governor

Ford

toward

claim

of,

91; claims of, 91; letter to, from Governor Ford, 91; misunderstanding with, 66, n. 2. Rush Medical College (Chicago), J. Butterfield a trustee of, 212, n. i; supported by W. B. Ogden, 21, n.; J. T. Temple a trustee of, 119, n. 3. Rushville, residence of H. C. Cooley, 19s, n. I. Russell, Elizabeth, wife of J. McCoy, 49, n. 2.

Russia, N. B. Judd, minister plenipotentiary to, 373, n. Ryan, Michael, activity of, in canal legislation, Ixi, n. i; agreement of, with G, Peabody, 159, 159, n.; appointed to negotiate new canal loan, Ixviii; asked to consult with Rupgles & Howe, 66, 67; asked for certain information, 302; attack of, on J. Davis, Ixxi; attitude of, on repudiation, Ixxii, n. i; authorized to settle suit against: Nevins & Townsend, 67, Ruggles &

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

4S305i 342,354; state bonds purchased with money of, 195, 196, 217, 237, 304, 305, 313, 315, 344, 353, 354, 356,3^1,362, 367. Schuyler, Robert, president of railroad company, 238. Schuyler County, represented in anti-

Mormon mass

meeting, c, n. 7; residence of: H. S. Coolcy, 195, n. i,

A. Dunlap,

53.

Scott, John, defeated

by

J.

B. Backcn-

stos, xcix, n. 3.

Scott County, militia of, called out, c; residence of S, A. Douglas, 235, n. Scott, Winfield, praises Illinois troops at Vera Cruz, cviii. Scrip, acceptance of, by canal contractors, Ixvi; agreement of canal contractors to receive, 6; burning of, received from state banks, Ivi; exchange

Bank of Illinois stock, xlvii, 107, new internal improvement stock, 258, State Bank stock, xlvii, Ivi; form of receipt for, 120; funding of, 259, 264; in possession of M. Kennedy, 124; issued for: canal bonds, 266, canal purposes, 9; issued to canal contractors, liii, n. i; purchase of, with school fund, 228; received from J. Beall by Governor Ford, 122; receivable for: railroad materials, 89, state materials, 96; surrender of, by: Bank of Illinois, 56, B. Cole, 271, of, for: Ivi,

272,

W. H. W. Cushman,

233,

J.

Holford, 380, 381, MacaHster & Stebbins, 320, 380, 381; transcript of registry of, surrendered, 259, 271, 314, 319, 335; value of, 62. See Bonds. Sears, J"., Jr., claim against state of, 119. Sears, Joshua, interest not to be paid on bond held by, 234; surrender of scrip by, 233. Secretary of State, office of, held by:

Thompson Campbell,

64, n. 2,

H.

S.

Cooley, 195, n. i, D. L. Gregg, 233, O. M. Hatch, 38, n. 2, A. Starne, 38, n. 3, L. Trumbull, 40, n. i; salary

n. I, of,

17s, n. i;

from the

iii,

of:

See Federal Grants; PubUc Lands; State

128; selection of, 128.

H.

to, xxxii, n. i,

Ix, n. 3, Ixi, n. i, Ixiii, n. i, Ixv, n. 4, 5, Ixx, n. I, 36, n., 37, n. 2, 159, n.,

192, n.

Senate Reports, referred

to, lix, n. 4, 5, 26, n. 3, 29, n., 30, n. i, 31, n. i, 50, n.

Settlement of Illinois, l^he, from i8$o to 1850, by V\^V. Pooley, error in, noted, xciv, n.; referred to, xciv, n.

Sexton, Orville, nomination

of, 57.

"Shallow Cut" plan, revived,

Ixvi; cost

of, Ixviii.

Sharon, Vt., birthplace of

J.

Smith,

Lxxviii.

Shaw, Mr., exchange of bonds for, 182. Shawneesey (Shawnessy), Bryan, biographical notice of, 55, n.; nomination of, 55.

Shawneetown, residence of: W. L. D. Ewing, 26, n. 4, J. Marshall, 63, M. M. Rawhngs, 82; sale of railroad iron at, 93; seat of Bank of Illinois, 57; terminal of proposed railroad, li, n. 2; visited by H. Bigelow, 63. Shawneetown Bank. See Bank

of

Illinois.

Sheahan, James W., Life of Stephen A. Douglas, by, referred to, xvii, n. 3. Shelbyville, residence of W. F. Thornton, 14, n. Sheldon, James O., member of firm of Wadsworth & Sheldon, 260. Sheriffs,

authorized to assemble militia,

cv.

Sherwood, Mr., claim against, 165. Shields, James, biographical notice of, 127, n.; letter to, from Governor Ford, 126, 127; manuscript of History of Illinois, by Governor Ford, put into hands of,

cxvii;

receipt delivered to, 125;

scrip signed by, 321; sword presented by state of Illinois to, 361, n.

Siddall, John, letter to,

from Governor

Sistaire (Sistare), George K., of interest bonds and new

from,

S.

xliv, n. I, 2, xlv, n. r, xlvi, n. 2, Iii, n. 3, liii, n. i, 3, Iviii, n. 4, hx, n. 2,

money borrowed

Seminary lands, act of Congress on,

Lands.

Senate Journal, referred

in,

L.Trumbull removed of, by Governor

n. I.

Land

Seminole War, services Anderson, 26, n. 2.

Carlin, 13. Sinking fund, provisions canal revenues, xl.

office

Ford, xlix. Scminar>' funds,

457

for,

out of

purchase internal

improvement stock by, 364; returns stock issued for spurious scrip, 274. Sketches, by J. Reynolds, published, 8, n. 2. Skinner, Mark, biographical notice of,

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

458

278, n. i; surety for Wadsworth & Sheldon, 278. Slave, capture of, 215; R. Eells charged with stealing a, xxv; possession of, claimed by Mr. Bettes, 212; kid-

dom

napping of, 207, 212, 213; right to k dnap, 214. Slavery, attitude of Governor Ford

charge of destroying Expositor, xciv; grave of, unknown, xcviii; in danger, Ixxxi, Ixxxii; indicted for: murder,

toward, 70; conservative spirit of Illinois on, xviii; definite prohibition of, in Illinois, xvii; issue of, xxv. See Negroes; State Sovereignty. James C, nomination of, 57. Smith, Albert E., nomination of, 51. Smith, Mrs. Emma, widow of Joseph Smith, receives letter from prominent Sloo,

corted to Nauvoo by Mormons, Ixxxiv; exposure of, to violence, xciv, •

xcv; flight from Nauvoo of, xcii; founder of Mormonism, Ixxviii; freein jail, xcvi; gives bail

of,

Ixxxi,

treason,

by

desired

Ixxxiv;

Whigs, xxxi; in trouble, Ixxxiv,

of,

and

Ixxxi, Ixxxii,

Ixxxv, Ixxxix, xc, xci, xcii, xcv, xcvi, xcvii, xcviii;

xciv,

xciii,

last

influence

Democrats

both

on

sermon preached by,

name

of, Ixxviii, n.

2;

xciii; legal

letter of, to:

Davis, xcvi, xcvi,

C. Calhoun, Ixxxvi, H. Clay, Ixxxvi; letter to, from: J. C. Calhoun, Ixxxvi, H. Clay, kxxvi; literature on life of, Ixxviii; manner of death of, xcvi, xcvii, xcvii, n. i; meets militia sent to arrest him, xciv; opinions on

jail,

candidacy

unknown,

by William Law, Ixxxix; persuaded to return to Nauvoo, xcii; practices of, exposed by John C.

Mormons, xcvii. Smith, Hyrum, arrested on charge

of treason, xciv; assassination of, xcv, xcvi; death of, predicted by G. T, M. n.; freedom of, in xcvi; gives bail on charge of destroying Expositor, xciv; grave of,

manner of death of, xcvi; member of Masonic fraternity, Ixxxvi; patriarch of Mormons, Ixxxv; remains of: buried at Nauvoo, xcviii, conveyed to Nauvoo, xcvii; suspected murderers of, tried and acquitted, xcviii;

Ixxxvii;

carries

petition

to

Congress, Ixxix, n. 5; charged with crime of: murder, Ixxxi, treason, Ixxxiv, xciv; charges against, by Mrs. William Law, Ixxxix; claims of, Ixxviii; called impostor, by Governor Ford, xxxv; committed to jail, xciv; counsel for, xciv; councilor of Nauvoo Ixxx; death of, predicted by G. T. M. Davis, xcvi, xcvi, n.; defense of, issued, xc; denies existence of spiritual-wifeism, Ixxxviii; denounces enemies, xc; dilemma of, xciii; discharged on writ of habeas cor pus by: S. A. Douglas, Ixxxi, Nauvoo muniy

cipal

court,

xxvi,

Ixxxi,

Ixxxiv,

Judge Pope, Ixxxii; early life Ixxviii; empowered by Nauvoo council

of,

city to abate Expositor, xc; es-

of, Ixxxvii, n. 3;

opposition

to, led

Bennett,

Ixxxiii;

promise

of, to sur-

render, xcii; promised protection by

Governor

Ford,

Mormons,

Ixxviii;

cism

xcviii, xcviii, n. 4; visions of, Ixxxv.

Smith, Joseph, Jr., arrainged before: Judge S. A. Douglas, Ixxxi, municipal court (Nauvoo), Ixxxi, xxxiv. Judge Pope, Ixxxii; arrested on charge of treason, Ixxxiv, xciv, 94; arrival of, at Carthage, xciv; assassination of, xcv, xcvi; attempt to arrest, Ixxxi; avoids arrest, Ixxxi; birth of, Ixxviii; candidacy of, for president of U.S.,

J,

of, xci, n. i;

xcii;

prophet

religious

remains

of:

of fanati-

buried

Nauvoo, xcviii, conveyed to Nauvoo, xcvii; request b}' Governor at

of Missouri for militia to aid in arrest of, Ixxxv, 96; requisition for, on charge of: murder, kxxi, trea.on, xxvi, Ixxxiv, 94; returns to Nauvoo with militia, xciv; sues out writ of habeas corpus, kxxi, bixxii, Ixxxiv, 97; suit brought against J. H. Reynolds, by, 97; surrender of, to state authorities, Ixxxi, Ixxxii, xciv; suspected murderers of, tried and acquitted, xcviii, xcviii, n. 4.

Smith, Samuel N., letter from, to Mrs. Emma Smith, xcvii. Snyder, Adam W., appointment of successor to, xxxii; chairman of judiciary committee in Senate, xxxii, n. 1; characterization of, xxx; death of, xxxii; nomination of, for governor, xxx; relation of, to Mormon legislation, xxxii; successor of, xxxiii. Snyder, Adam W., and His Period in Illinois History, by J. F. Snyder, referred to, xxx, n. 3, xxxii, n. 2, cxii, n. I.

Snyder, John F., analyzes the political s^ituation in 1842, .xxxii, n. 2; criticizes

INDEX History of

1673-1884,

Illinois,

Davidson and Stiive, cxii, W. Sfiyder and His Period History, by,

by

Adam

in Illinois referred to, xxx, n. 3,

xxxii, n. 2, cxii, n. i; and His Famil}'," \n

Historical

n. i;

Society,

"Thomas Ford Journal of State

by,

referred

to,

cxvii, n. 3.

South Carolina, stale debt

of,

xxxix,

459

&

Sheldon at, 336,; terminal of Northern Cross Railroad, Hi, n. 3, 89, n. i. Spurious scrip. Sec Counterfeit Scrip. Stark County, residence of C. Sanmiis and O. Whitaker, 42. Starne, Alexander, biographical notice of, 38, n. 3; certificate of, 38.

State agent, appointment of, Lxviii; attitude of, toward Thompson &

Forman

n. 3.

Southern Cross Railroad.

See Alton

& Mt. Carmel Railroad.

claim, 206, 207; bonds left 203; expenses of, lxviii, 7, 210; negotiation of sale of bonds by,

in

hands

of,

Illinois, effect of canal and interest legislation in, Ixi; Governor

Xxvm,

Ford's acquaintance

report of, submitted, 31; salary of, bonds by, 36. See C. Oakley; J. Reynolds; j\I. Ryan;

Southern

in, ixvii; J.

G.

Norwood asked for opinion on lead vein in, 247; members of General Assembly from: cautioned, Ix, members oppose canal and interest legislation, ix, thought to oppose canal, Lxvii; played against canal, Ix; strength of Governor Ford in, xxxiv, XXXV. South Street (New York City), Gay & Wadsworth located on, 251. Sparks, John G., agent of state, 207. Specie, amount of, in Illinois in 1842,

circulation of, ex; exempt from executions of: Bank of Illinois, held by xlviii, State Bank, lxvii;

xxxviii;

state banks, xlv, n.

amount

of, ex;

increase in

3;

payment

of,

by:

Bank

of Illinois, xlviii, State Bank, xlvii; Shelpayment of, to Wadsworth don, i2>^', put into circulation, xlix; retauied by: Bank of Illinois, xlviii. State Bank, xlvii; scarcity of, compels creation of early state banks, xli;

&

withheld by banks, xliii. Speed, J. J., letter addressed to, 201. Spencer, Augustine, charge of, against II. and J. Smith, xciv. Spencer, John C, letter to, from Governor Ford, 101. Spiritual-wifcism,

mons,

belief

in

of:

Mor-

non-Mormons, Ixxxviii; by J. Smith, Ixxxviii; disNauvoo, Ixxxiii; exj)osure of,

Ixxxix,

denial of,

cussed in

by John C. Bennett,

Ixxxiii; origination of, Ixxxviii; results of, Ixxxviii. Springfield, Democratic state convention at, xxx; meeting of committee of Democrats at, xxxiii; residence of:

W.

II. BisAcll, 57, n, 7,

M. Brayman,

95, n., M. Hatch, 38, n. 2, V. Hickox, 24"", n., N. H. Ridgely, 47, T. Mather, 35 i, n., J. T. Stuart, 33, n., R. Yates, 133, n. 1; specie paid to Wadsworth

Ixix, Ixxiv, 7, 8, g, 10, 12, 252; offer of, to receive railroad iron, 225; lxviii, 5, 7, 10; sale of

R.

M. Young.

State Bank, accompanied internal improvements, xH; account of, xl, ff.; acquiescence of, to will of people, xlvii; act of General Assembly on, xli, xlii, xhii, xlvi, xlvii, xlviii, Ivi,

48, 51; act of liquidation of, similar to act for Bank of Illinois, xlviii; agitation for renewal of charter for, xlix; appointment of bank com.missioner for, xlvii; arrangement of state with 52, 53; assets of, 202; attitude of, toward liquidation, xlvi; attitude to-

ward, of: Governor Carhn, xliv, Democrats, xxx, xliv, Governor Ford, xliv, General Assembly, xliii, people, xlii, xhii, Whigs, xliii; bill relating to, attacked by L. Trumbull, xlix; capital of: amount, xli, free from taxation, xh, increased, xlii, overcertificates of insubscribed, xlii; debtedness of, issued to depostors, xlvii; charged with discrimination in making loans, xliii; charter of, xli; circulation of, xhv; condition of, 200; condition of, reported to General As-

sembly, 47; confounded with

Bank

contest for control of, xlii; creation of Whigs, xxx; credit of, xlvi; depositors of, to receive specie and certificates, xlvii; discounts of, xliv; draft on, received by Governor of Illinois,

xli, n.;

Carlin, 5; exchanges state bonds for stock, xlvii; experience of state with early, xli; failure of, xxxviii, function of, xli; funding of xliii;

bank

bonds

of,

320;

V.

Hickox,

a

di-

rector of, 47, n. i; holdings of, xlvi; increased capital stock of, subscribed for by state, xliii; influence of, xhv, xlv,

xlvi;

in

politics,

xhii;

issue

in

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

460 campaign

alistcr

of, xlvii;

to

of 1842, xxxvi; liquidation loans nriade by, xliii; made fiscal agent and public depository of state, xliii; managed by Whig appointees, XXX nonentity of, 1; noteholders of, to be paid, xlvii; notes of: refused by state, xliv, in state treasury, 52, 53; plan for winding up ailairs of, xlvii; president of, T. Mather, 24, n.; D. Prickett, a director of, 17, n. 2; quasi public institution, xli; resolution of General Assembly on, 41, 47; required to pay money to state, xli; settlement with, 52; settlement of affairs of, 202; specie held by, xlv, n. 3; specie of: paid out, xlvii, retained, xlvii; state debt to, extinguished, 52; state to retain stock in, xlvii; suspension of specie pa>'Tnent by, xliii; taxation of capital stock of, xli, xhi; unpopularity of, xliii; urged upon the people, xxix; value of stock of, xlvi, Ivi, n. 2; worn out by opposition, xlvii. See Bank of Illinois. State banking, attitude toward, of Governor Duncan, xx; disastrous experience of Illinois in, xvi; eagerness of the people for, xlii; experience of ;

importance of winding up, xxiii. State bonds, acceptance of, by canal contractors, Ixvi; act of General AsIllinois in, xli;

sembly on, xliii, Ixiv, Ixv, Ixvii, Ixviii, 159; advances made on, Ixvi; aggregate amount upon which payment was made, 150; agreement of Thompson

&

Forman

to surrender, 351; appreciation of, 176, 344; authorized to be burning of, Ivi; sold, 5. 6, 14, 15; cancellation of, 1Q5, 252, 257; change of, into certificates, 294, 295; complaint of holders of, 168; coupons detached from, 25s; dehvcry of, to

governor, 51; deposited with bankers and brokers, xxxix; depreciated values of, xxxviii; destruction of, 51, 53, 54, 56; dividend on, 188, 190; emission of, signed, 23, 174; engraving of, 11, 316; equality of, 181; exchange of, Ivi, 107, 169, 170, 256; failure to make payments on, Ixvi; form of, 206; forwarding of, by: Hope & Co., 189, Matheson & Co., 202, 203, Mr. Webster, 196; funding of, 163, 190, 193, 199, 233> 234, 259, 263, 303; given to C. Oakley by Macalistcr & Stebbins, 222, 223, 224; held as security, 230; hypothecated

by Mac-

&

Stcbbins, 276; hypothecated

pay

interest, xxxix, Hi, 52; hyi)othecated to: Holford, Bunker Co., 276;

&

Macalister

&

Stcbbins, 219, 226; inability to sell, 20; in possession of: assignees of Wright & Co., 225, J. Fry, 51; owed for, by Bank of Commerce, John Delafield, Erie County Bank, Macalisrcr & Stebbins, Poughkeepsie Locomotive Fire Engine Co., Wright & Co., liii, n. 2; illegal sale of, 16, 17; itemized statement of, surrendered J. Holford, 380, 381, Macalister & Stebbins, 380, 381; kinds of, 254; lavish issue of, liii; left in hands of brokers, Lxvi; "left in hands of J. Wright & Co., unsold," 303; lien on, held by: Magniac, Jardine & Co., 229,

by:

Thompson & Forman,

225, 229, 329, 338; loss of, 54; market value of, Ivi, 305, 315; money available for interest on, 136; negotiation of, 11, 51, 252; not to be put on market, xlvi; 1,100, ordered to be delivered to W. F. Thornton, 13; par value of, pre-

dicted, 345; payment of, Ixxiii, 237; paym^ent of interest on, 181, payment for railroad iron with, placed in hands of Thompson &

202,

253; 224;

For-

man, 230; plans

for funding, 68, 69, 141; preference in new loan given to

holders of,

Ixviii;

presentation

by

New York

of,

168;

banks, 253, by state, 196, with school fund, 228; quotations on, Ivi, n. 2, Ixi, Ixii,

purchase

of:

n.

I, lxvi, 5, 17, 326, 342, 353, 372, 375; rate of interest on, 219, 220; receivable in payment for state lands, 188; received from State Bank, 53; recovery of, from Poughkeepsie Loco-

motive Fire Engine Co., 11; registry General Assembly on burning of, 54; returned by C. Oakley, 203; return of, to state,

of, Ixxiii; resolutions of

Ivi; risk

attending forwarding

sale of, xxii,

xliii,

of,

189;

Ixv, lxvi, 5, 6, 9, 16,

117; surrender of, by: Bank of xlviii, 52, 106, 107, foreign holders, 181, J. Holford, 381, 382, Macalister & Stebbins, 326, 381, G. Pcabody, 217, 325, State Bank, xlvii, 52; surrender of, without cou36,

Illinois,

pon, 257; transcript of register of, surrendered, 271, 284, 305, 314, 319, 335, 255; 293; 204,

358, 384; transfer of, 164, 217, transmission of, from Europe, unsalable, lii; value of, 45, 62, 220, 299, 356, 362, 375; value of:

INDEX compared creases,

Vvith

352;

bank

to

stock, xlvi, in-

be preserved,

16;

461

294; confusion of,

liii,

J. Wadsworth advises cancellation of, 311. See Canal Bonds; Fundint;;

xxxiii, n. 3;

Interest-paying Agent; Internal Improvement Bonds; Liquidation Bonds; !Macalister & Stebbins Bonds; New Internal Improvement Scrip; Wadsworth & Sheldon; Wright & Co.

by: Governor Carlin,

State constitution (181S), amendment to, proposed, 139, n.; quotation from, 59; referred to, xxxv, n. 3, H, n. 3; (1848), amendment to, proposed, 217, 294, 295, 298, 312; objections to, 295; provisions of: for interest, 170, 176, 181, 18S, 192, 242, for public debt, xvii, published, 243; quotation from, 181, n.; referred to, reflects

n. 4, Ixii, n. 3; political history

1,

economic and

of state, xvii; (1870), referred to,

1;

n. 5, Ixii, n. 4. State credit, attack on, 58; attitude of. Governor Carlin toward, 19; device to aid, 295; deplorable condition of, 6, 9, II, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24, 372,

375; improvement

of, 218, 242, 352; interest in, of J. Wadsworth, 251; inviolability of, 252, 253; limits on, 107, n. i; lost, lii; pledged for funds, Iv, Ixiv, 109; restoration of, xxiii, cix, ex; threatened, I. Governor creditors, endorse State Ford's reply to W. S. Wait, Iviii;

letter from, 39; no preference given among, 200; justice to, 186.

State debt, acts of General Assembly on, Iv, Ixi, TO, 12,

20,48,51,182, 277; ag-

gregate amount liii,

of, xxxviii, xxxix, n. 3,

n. I, 174, 201, 210, 211, 312, 316, amount of: uncertain,

323, 329, 360;

n. i, 169, upon which interest paid, 14S; analysis of, 200; arguments against payment of, lix; arliii, liii,

is

rangement for, 147; assumption of, by United States, agitated, 7 attitude toward, of: Governor Carlin, Iv, Governor Ford, Iv, Governor French, 170, ;

people of the slate, 169, 176; binding upon people, liv; cause of, lii; change in character of, 294, 295; compared with public debt of Alaine, IVIassachusetts, New York, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Pennsylvania, \'irginia, ^laryland, South Carolina, Georgia, Missouri, Mississip{)i, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Arkansas, Wisconsin Territory, xxxix, n. 3; condition of, 293,

n. i;

considered in 1S42,

by nominating committee elf ect of

declared inviolable,

stale

la

nds on ,355; liii,

liv;

est! mated

n. i, finance

committee of Lower House, liii, n. i. Governor Ford, liii, n. i. Governor French, 201, G. Peabody, 201; extinguishment the

payment

of,

52; feehng against

of, Ivii;

importance

of,

xxiii; increase of, xxxviii, xxxix, Ivi, Ixi, Ixii, 7, 8;

inabihty of state to pay,

xxii, Iv; inviolabihty of, 58, 112; interest on, xxxix, n, 3, liii, n. i; issue

campaign of 1842, xxxvi; itemized, n. i; methods for payment of, liv; must be paid, Iviii; no help for, in

liii,

payment of, Ixxii, n. i, 150, 151; payment of: confounded with payment of interest, lix, depended upon kvii;

General Assembly, Iv; plan for extinguishing, xl; proposal for eliminating, 140; provided for, ex; real nature of not understood, lix; reasons for, Ixi, Ixiii, 139, 140; reduction of, Ivi; resolutions of General Assembly on, 139, n.; speedy elimination of, 253; supposed inabihty of western states to pay, lix; supposed opposition to paying of, Ivii. State expenses, act of General Assembly on,

Iviii,

ment

5;

committee on retrench-

appointed, Iviii; exceed income, xxxviii; reduction of, recomof,

mended, 45; retrenchment to supposed extravagances, State finances, account of, 1 ditions of, in 1842, xxxvii

of,

due

iviii. ff.; ff.,

con218;

considered political issue in campaign of 1842, xxxi; condition of, 18, 19, 44, 45, 46, 211, 227; ignorance of, 170;

importance

provement

of, in,

1840-53, cix,

ex,

xxii;

253;

im-

money

deposited in East, 66; plans for improving, 45, 46; referred to, by Governor Ford, 91 true conditions of, 1 70. State geologist, asked to make survey See in Hardin County, 247, 248. Geological Survey. State government, function of, defined, ;

76.

State house, acts of the General Assembly on, II, 12; bonds issued for building of, liii, n. i; bonds and scrip burned in front of, Ivi, 53; funding of, bonds for, 320; loan for, transferred to, II.

State lands, aggregate

amoimt

of,

358;

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

462

appraisment of, 62; eiTect of, on state debt, 355; exchange of bonds for, 170; importance of keeping them out of

hands

of

speculators,

location

of,^

104,

interest iq2, 200;

357;

certificates receivable for,

105; mill sites on,

105; sale of, 358; valuation of, 104, 105, 106; selected by: E. Adams, 127, Berr>', 127, [W.?] Greenup, 128, 127, [R. M.?] Young, 127; state bonds receivable for, 188. State militia, accompanies officers to Naiivoo, xcii; act of General Assembly on, 99; action of, in Regulator-

—

Flathead

difficulty,

ment

33;

135,

n.;

arma-

authorized to be assembled by sheriffs, cv; calling out of, of,

xci; called

from Sangamon, Menard,

Scott, Pike, Morgan, and Greene counties, c; call for, by Governor of Missouri, Ixxxv; disbandment of, at Carthage, xcv; forces of,

Cass,

disbanded, 131, 132, 133; Governor Ford: asked to call out, 96, refuses to call out, XXV, 96, 97, 98, 99, ICO, loi, secures pledge from, xci; guard of, at Carthage jail, xcv; invitation to, to join wolf hunt, xcviii; marches: into

Hancock County, cxv, to Nauvoo, civ; Nauvoo Legion, part of, xcii; pledge of, xci; recalled from Nauvoo by Governor French, civ; report on, asked, 33; return of, to Carthage, xcv; sending of, to Nauvoo, xciv; services in, of: M. K. Alexander, 122, n. i, W. L. D. Ewing, 26, n. 4, G. Kercheval, 78, n. 2,

T. Mather,

M. McConnel,

24, n.; to

Mexican War, cv; use of, Island dyke controversy, lator-Flathead

57, n. 2,

be assembled for in:

Bloody

178, Regudifficulty, 142; visit

Nauvoo, xcv; withdrawal from Hancock County, 132, 133. of, to

of,

State politics, sectional aspect of, xv. State Register, attack of, on J. Davis, Ixxi; attitude of, in Smith-Bennett controversy, Ixxxiii; meeting of Democratic committee at office of, xxxiii; referred to, xxx, n. 3, xxxiii, n. I, 3, XXXV, n. 6, xlviii, n., Ivii, n. 2, 2, Ixxi, n. 2, Ixxv, n. i, Ixxvi, n, 4, Ixxx, n. 3, Ixxxii, n. 3, xciii, n. 2, xcviii, n. 4, xcix, n. 3, 5, c, n. i, 2, 3, 4, Ixii, n.

n. 3, 4, 5, ciii, n. i, cvi, n, n. 2, 4, cix, n. I, 171, n. ci,

2, cvii,

State revenues, adequacy of, ex, cxi; augmented by Illinois Central Railroad, xxii.

State Senate, action of,, on removal of Wm. Gooding, 193; advised to legislate

on distribution

of

Supreme Court

Reports, 34; communication

Governor Carlin,

to,

from:

25, 26, 27, 20, 30,

31, 2>2, 33, 34, 36, Governor Ford, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55j 56, 57; transmission to, of: letter, 26, 27, 30, report, 32, 36, 42, resolution, 31, 34, 35. Sec General

Assembly; House of Representatives. State sovereignty, attitude of Governor Ford toward, 70, 74, 75, 76; exaggerated ideas of, 207, 208, 212, 213; upheld, 74. See Negroes; Slavery. State treasury, accumulation of funds in, 334; bonds deposited in, 237; bonds paid at, 237; certain state officers asked to refund part of salary to, lix; condition of, xxxviii, kviii, 52, 53, T^iS, 378; interest on liquidation bonds paid out of, 349; money in, 280; money paid into, by Illinois

Central Railroad,

—

Stead,

,

Stebbins,

bonds

—

xxii.

requisition for, 146.

Henry,

hypothecation

of

to, 124.

a caveat filed for, 119. Stenhouse, T. B. H., The Rocky Mountain Saints, by, referred to, xxxi, n.,

Steel,

,

Ixxx, n. 2, 3, Ixxxi, n. i, Ixxxv, n. 2, Ixxxix, n. I, xcvii, n. i, xcviii, n. i, cii, n. 2.

Sterling bonds, delivery of, to W. F. Thornton, 13; dividends on, 287;

exchange

of, 256; funding of, 259, 264, 320; inquiries about exchange of, 258; payment on, 297; presentation of, by Ilovvlancl & Aspinwall,

265; transmission of, from Europe, 293, 294. Story's La-ivs, referred to, by Governor Ford, 109. Stuart, John T., memorial sent to, ^;^y n., 37-

Robert, secretary of Canal board, 193. Sturges, William, committee to inlUinois-Iklichigan Canal, vestigate

Stuart,

selected by, Ixx.

Summer

in

Nonvay, A, by

J.

D. Caton,

published, 161, n.

Supreme Court (State), act of General Assembly on, xxxv, n. 2; position of, 75; resignation of Governor Ford from bench of, cited,

of,

75.

xxxv; (U.S.) decisions

INDEX Supreme Court judges. Supreme Court.

See Justice of

by, Ixx; Governor French complains to, 174, 175; imposition upon, 19S; letter to, from Governor French, 174, 178, 209; matter of Lord Gardner bonds submitted to, 318; report on canal of, Ixx, n. 3; selected to examine

Canal, Ixx; visits Chicago, 256. Swords (memorial), cost of, 259, 270, 378; manufacture of, for: Lieutenants Illinois-iSIichigan

Pope and Scarritt, 259, 270, 275, Mexican War officers, 361, n.; payment for, 281; J. Wadsworth expresses, 278.

James, appointment of, 147; from Governor French, 147, Sylman, Benjamin, requisition for, Sykes,

letter to,

made, 207; refused, 208, 212, 213. Tackerberry, Middleton, authorized to sell material along Pekin & Tremont Railroad, 89; biographical notice 2;

letter

to,

of,

from Governor

Ford, 89. Tarns, Sampson, agent of railroad company, 224. Tariff,

on railroad

iron, 92, loi; resolu-

from: Connecticut, 35, Pennsylvania, 36, South Carolina, on,

tions 50.

Taxation, attitude of General Assembly on,

33; certain 139, n.; change not necessary, 170; considered nominating com.mittee in 1842, lix,

citizens of,

by

xxxiii,

Ixi,

Ixix,

Ixxii,

exempt from,

n.

3;

for

"Wiggins Loan,"

1S2; friends of, denounced, Ix; hardships accompanying, Ix; inability of the people to meet, lix; increase of, not desirable, lix; increase in, not necessary, 176, 18S; issue in campaign of 1842, xxxvi; letter on, by W. S. Wait, Ivii; opposition to, Ix, Ixvii; paid by state banks, xli, xlii; provision for two-mill tax, Ixi, n. 2; reduction of, 46; of resolutions General Assembly on, 139, n.; urged by meeting at Chicago, Ivii, n. i.

Taylor, John, visits H. and xcvi,

wounded,

Doolittle, 56, C. Oakley, 82,

W.

B.

Parker, 54.

Swift, William H., elected canal trustee, Lxxv; examination of canal property

89, n.

463

J.

Smith,

xcvi.

John Taylor, biographical notice of, 119, n. 3. Tennessee, native state of S. A. Anderson, 26, n, 2; state debt of, xxxix, n. 3. Terre Haute (Ind.), terminal of proposed railroad, li, n. 2. Territorial expansion, favored

by

Illi-

nois, xviii.

Texan

claim,

justice

of,

proclaimed,

civ.

Theological Seminary (Chicago), supported by W. B. Ogden, 21, n. Thirteenth Amendment, vote for, 57, n. 2.

Thomas, Edward W., arrest of, demanded, 30. Thompson, INIessrs., interest of, in railroad iron, 63. &, Forman (London), account of, forwarded to: Governor French, 311, J. Wadsworth, 329; agreement of, to surrender state bonds, 351; bonds funded for, 348; conference of, with J. Wadsworth,

Thompson

344, 345; contract of J. D. Whiteside, with, 229, 230; correspondence with, submitted to Governor French, 344; damages claimed by, 338; failure of, to complete contract, 225; failure of J. D. Whiteside to fulfil contract with,

345; interview of J. D. Whiteside with, 224; issue to, of: Hquidation bonds, 345, 347, new internal improvement stock, 348; letter of, to J. Wadsworth, 346, 350; letter to, from J. Wadsworth, 348; Hen on state bonds by, 225, 229, 329; negotiations with, advised, 311; proposal of J. Wadsworth that he consult with, 333;

proposal of, forwarded to New York, 346; refusal of, to: furnish railroad iron, 230,

make

sacrifice

proposed by

Wadsworth,

350, receive state bonds, 224; recjuest of J. Wadsworth, acceded to by, 346; submit accounts against state, 346, 347, 351; J. Wadsworth requested to hold conference with, 346; J. Wadsworth urges ac-

J.

ceptance of proposal made by, 362; Wadsworth disavows acting as agent of state in negotiating with,

J,

345.

Taylor, Zachary, appointment by, of j. Butterfield, 212, n. i; Illinois troops under, cviii; J. Pope with, 270, n.

Tazewell County, residence

Temple,

of:

W.

B.

Thompson & Forman ment

of,

General

subject

to

Assembly

344, 345; aggregate

claim,

adjust-

ratification

and

of

governor,

amount

of, 206.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

464

345; attitude toward of: Governor French, 229, people of state, 207, state agent, 207, J. Wadsworth, 311, 345; character of, 206; considered unreasonable by J. Wadsworth, 338; denial_ of, by J. D. Whiteside, 224; directions of Governor French about, 229; different views on, 330; difficulties of settling, 330; disability of, 225; fairness of Governor French toward, 333; Governor French decides to take up, 321; Governor French's opinion on, asked, 314; instructions to J. Wadsworth relative to, 230;

investigation of,

by

J.

Wadsworth,

344, 345; plan for settlement of, 230; settlement of, 229; J. Wadsworth: advises settlement of, 311; recommends that an itemized account be made cf , 330. Thornton, Joseph, requisition for, 146.

Thornton, William

F.,

appointed agent

of canal contractors, 14; authorized: to receive 1,100 canal bonds from R.

M. Young and to

sell

bonds

J. Reynolds, 13, 14, for canal contractors,

14, 23; biographical notice of, 14, n.; canal commissioner, 13; informs Governor Carhn of Wright & Co.'s failure,

26; letter to: from Governor Carhn, 14, 15, 22; transmitted to: Lower

House, General Assembly, 26, Senate, 26; misunderstanding between, and Governor Carlin, 21, 24; sells state bonds, ixvi, 16; visits the East, 17. Thorpe, T. C, charged with the murder of H. and J. Smith, xcviii, n. 4. Tileston, John, coupons presented by, 28s, 289. Tilson, Mr., takes insolvent debtor's oath, 180. Times and Seasons, discusses presidential candidates, Ixxxvi, Ixxxvii; quotation from, Ixxxvii, referred to, Ixxx, n. 3, Ixxxiv, n., Ixxxvi, n. 2, Ixxxvii, n. 2, xcvii, n. 2, 5; supports J. for presidency, Ixxxvii.

Tonawanda Bank,

Smith

draft on, accepted,

66.

Township organization, provision

for,

in constitution of 1848, xvii.

Transfer agent, account of, submitted, 367; act of General Assembly on, 316; appointment of European, refused, 176, urged, 17s; books for, 253, clerk for, 164; commission of, 268; expenses of, 316; labor of, new arrangements with, 378;

255; 260, 273; pro-

posal to make Wadsworth & Sheldon, 2C0; salary of: 222, 266, 273, 316, 321, 3^7, 374, 377, 37^; remittance for, 382, waived, 378; statement of account of, 2S1; suggestion that there be established a foreign, 289; union of, with interest-paying agency urged, 271. See Funding; Interest-paying Agent; J. Wadsworth; Wadsworth & Sheldon.

Transfer bonds,

J.

Wadsworth asks

for,

258.

Transferable

bonds

stock,

into, 263;

funding of state

payment

on, 269. Transferring, progress

of,

of interest

323.

Transylvania University, attended by: Governor Ford, xxxiii, D. Prickett, 17, n. 2, J. Reynolds, 8, n. 2 Treason, indictment of J. Smith on charge of, ixxxiv, xciv, 94; IMormons not guilty of, 100. Treasurer, money boxes to bear seal of, 378; office of, held by: J. IMoore, 42, n., A. Starne, 38, n. 3, J. D. Whiteside, 126, n.; salary of, 175, n. i.

Treasury. See State Treasury. Treraont, notice of sale of railroad materials given in, 89; residence of: C. Oakley, 82, W. B. Parker, 54. Trumbull, Lyman, attack of, on: Governor Ford, Ixviii, n. 3, J. A. I\IcClernand, xlix; biographical notice of, 40, n. i; mentions claim against Mr. Daniels, 165; removal of, from ofJQce by Governor Ford, xlix; scrip signed by, 321. Tucker & Crops (New York), holders of Macalister & Stebbins bonds, 216; letter to, from Governor French, 216,

Twiggs, General, praises lUinois troops at Vera Cruz, cviii. Two-mill tax, a part of the state constitution, 176; act of General Assembly on, 217; amount of, 170, 18S; change in constitution on, proposed, 217, 298; constitutional provision for, 170; dissatisfaction with, 294; feeling toward, 294; knowledge of, disseminated, 243; misunderstanding of, 294; nature of, 242, 243; proceeds of, not applicable to canal debt, 181; provided by state constitution, 192, 242; regulation of, 242; result of constitutional provision, 188; use of, xvii, 242, 243.

INDEX "Underground

railroad," activity of R. Kellsin, xxv, 66, n. i. Union College, attended by: S. Breese, 39, n. 2, J.

M.

Kruin, 177,

n.

Union County, residence of: J. Dougherty, 64, n. I, R. M. Young, 8, n. i. Union Pacific Railroad Co., \V. B. Ogden, president of, 21, n. United States, aid desired from, for Illinois-Michigan Canal, 7; assumption of state debt by United States, agitated, 7; controversy of, with Mexico, civ; payment of interest by, 168.

Illinois in, cxi, 270, n.

United States Bank, state bonds owned by, 187, 188; letter to, from Governor French, 187.

United United road United

States census, referred to, xv, n. States collector, levy upon railiron by, loi. States consul, forwarding of state bonds for funding, certified by, 290; registry of bonds with, 181. United States law, on fugitive slaves, 207, 245; limitations of, 75; right of capturing slaves under, 213, 214. United States land office, errors in, 212, n. 2. United States senator, election of S. Breese as, 39; office held by: S. Breese, 39, n. 2, S. A. Douglas, 235,

W.

L. D. Ewing,

26, n. 4, S. 37, n. i, J. M. Robinson, 33, n., J. Shields, 127, n., L. Trumbull, 40, n. i, R. Yates, 133, n.

McRoberts,

I,

R,

Varner, Mr., appointment of, 239. Vera Cruz, capture of, participation of Illinois troops in, cviii. Vermilion County, residence of J. Pearson, 40, n. 2; troops from, rejected, cvii,

Vermilion County, History of, by Chapman Brothers, referred to,40, n. 2. Vermont, native state of: S. A. Douglas, 235, n., M. Skinner, 278, n. i, Ixxviii, A. H. Worthen, J. Smith, 239, n. 3; resolution from General

Assembly of, 42. Governor Ford removes

Versailles,

United States army, Illinois troops: mustered into, cvi, cix, mustered out of, cviii, cix; regular soldiers from

n.,

46s

M. Young,

8, n. i.

at Large, referred to,xvi, n., xxii,n. United States treasury, draft on, 283.

United States Statutes

University of

Chicago, supported

W.B. Ogden, University of

by

21, n.

Illinois, J.

H. Bryant, a

trustee of, 46, n. i. "Upper Ferry" established master, 93, n. I.

by N. Buck-

to,

cvii.

Vienna, residence of W. J. Gibbs, 135. Virginia, native state of: J. McCoy, 49, n. 2, J. T. Temple, 119, 3, W. F. Thornton, 14, n.; state debt of, xxxix, n.3.

Vouchers, received from: D. Leavitt, 201, Magniac, Jardine & Co., 290,

Matheson

&

Co., 288.

Wabash River of,

li,

improvement improvement of,

(Great),

n. 2; (Little),

n. 2; mills on, 102; navigable, xxix. li,

"Wade," name

of

to be

made

kidnapped Negro,

xxvi, 207, 213.

Wadsworth, Elisha S., surety for Wadsworth & Sheldon, 278. Wadsworth, Julius, account of, with state, 269;

accounts of

Forman submitted

to,

Thompson & 346, 347, 351;

acknowledges receipt of: blank bonds, 264, commission as transfer agent, 268; advises: cancellation of bonds held by Rowland &: Aspinv.-all, 3ri, settlement of Thompson & Forman claim, 311; appointment of, 2S0; appointment of, proposed, 251; asks for: authority to collect accounts, 253, detailed statement of state indebtedness, 309, Governor French's views on settlement of Thompson & Forman claim, 314, increased compensation as state agent, 330, instructions about spurious scrip, 272, instructions

Ferris,

from Governor French, 251, 258, 263,

referred to, Ixxx, n. 3, Ixxxvii, n. 3, Ixxxix, n. 2, xciii, n. 2, 3, xcvii, n. i, 5. Utica Bank, check on, 204.

264, 269, 272, 273, 27s, 282, 286, 290, 296, 303, 309, 313, 327. 328, 330, 346, 357, 362, 365, law on Peabody claim, 315, vouchers from Magniac, Jardine & Co., 307; attitude of, toward: change in interest-paying agency, 260, foreign transfer agency, 289, minimum amount for certificate, 298,

Utah and

the

Mormons, by B. G.

Vandalia, internal improvement mass meeting at, li; residence of L. Davis, II, n. 2.

Vandruff's Island, improvement

of, 96.

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

466

paying iutcrcst

in Europe, 263, payof interest on old bonds, 300, state constitution, 294, 295, Thomp-

ment

&

son Eorman claim, 311, 345, twomill tax, 295; bonds received by, 155; calls upon Ball, Tompkins Black, 270; characterizes J. Holford, 355,

&

369; character of instruction to, 277; citizenship of, 251; compliments Governor French, 252, 253; conferences

with Thompson & Forman, 344, 345; considers claim of Thompson & of,

Forman

unreasonable, 338; consultation of, with S. A. Douglas, xxiv; correspondence of, with Governor French, on construction of Central Railroad, xxiv, 355, 356, 360, 361, 3^5, 366, 367, 3(^S, 369, 370, 371, 374; criticism of railroad bill prepared by, 376; defends his railroad bill, 370; disavows acting as agent of state in negotiations with Thompson & Forman, 345, 349; draws up Central Railroad bill for General Assembly, 366, 367, 368; endorses D. Leavitt's conduct in refusing to pay dividends, 269; examines: account of Macalister & Stebbins, 310, books of interestpaying agency, 254, papers relating to bonds held by Rowland & Aspinwall, 307; fails to agree with Governor French on construction of funding Central Railroad, xxiv; agent, 164; hesitates to make suggestion to D. Leavitt, 262; ignores claims of C. Macalister, 328; ill health 274; instructions to, relative to: funding of bonds held in Europe, 180, 181, Thompson & Forman claim, 230; interested in Illinois, 251; interview of Macahster & Stebbins with, 310; Forman investigates Thompson claim, 344, 345; laments lack of interest in railroad building in Illinois, of,

&

365; letter

of, to:

Governor French,

251, 252, 254, 256, 257, 258, 261, 262, 264, 265, 267, 268, 271, 272, 274, 277, 279, 281, 283, 284, 289, 290, 293, 297, 299, 302, 30s, 309, 311, 312, 314, 317, 319, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 327, 329, 331, 333, 335, 337, 33^, 343, 344, 357, 360, 365, 367, 369, 372, 374, 376, 379, 383, J. Holford, 276, Rowland & Aspinwall, 303, Thompson & Forman,

348; letter

to,

from: Governor French,

164, 180, 202, 204, 205, 206, 217, 221, 222, 22$, 226, 227, 228, 229, 236, 237, 238, J. Holford, 276, Thompson &

Forman, 346, 350;, not permitted to handle bonds presented by J. Holford, 300; offers: services as interest-

paying agent, 266, 267, to handle interest-paying agency for interest on balances, 273, to resign from transfer agency, 273; opinion of, on salaries for: interest-paying agency, 273, transfer agency, 273; optimistic spirit xxiii; pecuniary interest of, in state, 251 predicts par value or state bonds, 345; preference of Governor

of,

;

French

for, 165; proposal of. that he consult personally with Thompson & Forman, 333; proposal to make, interest-paying agent, 260; proposes plan for: exchange of bonds, 259, 260, transmitting funds, 334; reception of railroad circular sent out by, 361; recommends that Thompson & Forman submit itemized account of their claim, 330; refusal of Thompson & Forman to make sacrifice demanded by, 350; refuses to fund state bonds for Macalister & Stebbins, 326;

regrets: failure of General Assembly to legislate on issuing of certificates, 299; unadjustment of Thompson Forman claim, 348; requested: to devise plan for building Central Railroad, 355, to go to Springfield, 361, to hold conference with Thompson

&

& &

Forman, 346,

to settle IMacalister Stebbins claim, 204, to take over interest-paying agency, 276; residence of at Astor House, 251; salary of, 222; security of, 165; sends transcript of registry of surrendered bonds and ,

scrip,

with

264;

submits correspondence

Thompson & Forman,

344; sug-

gests plan for transferring, 289; suggests that Governor French correspond directly with Thompson I'orman, 330; tenders use of ofllce to

&

Governor French, 251; Thompson

Forman persuaded

to

&

adjust claim

on basis suggested by, 344; transfer agent,

164;

urges:

acceptance

Thompson & Forman speedy settlement of

of

proposal, 262, all

unadjusted

claims against state, 345, 346, that bill to settle with Thompson & Forman be passed, 384; visited by agent of Alton & Sangamon Railroad Company, 339; visits: Chicago, 254, Europe, 229, ss^, New Orleans, 272; vouchers left with, 156, 163;

Wadsworth &

Sheldon

(New

York

INDEX accounts of: audited by J. Calhoun, 3S3, examined by B. C. Webster, 340, 341, 342, 343, with certain banks, 280, with state of Illinois, 329; appointment of, 282; ask for instructions, 284, 285; bank accounts of, 278; bond of: executed, 280, signed by citizens of Chicago, 27S, 279; compensation of, 336; deCity),

cline to assume resf)onsibilities. 286; fault found by Governor French, with returns of, 273; guarantee state from loss in remitting funds, 339, 368, 369; instructions to, 180, 1S6, 240; judgment of, 196; letter of, to Governor

French, 285, 286, 287, 288, 291, 292, 293, 296, 29S, 301, 304, 306, 307, 308, 310, 31T, 316, 322, 324, 328, 332, 333, 334, 32(^, 339, 34©, 34i, 342, 351, 354, 356, 361, 362, 367, 368, 371, 377, 382; letter to,

from Governor French, 174, :

180, 186, 190, 19s, 196, 203, 233, 236, 240, E. ]Moore, 236, 292; money due, 316; propose to bear risk in transmission of funds, 334, 335, 339; proposal to make, transfer agents, 260; refusal of, to issue bonds to Alton &

Sangamon Railroad Company, 340, 341, 342; remittances by, 287; suggestions made by, 186. Wadsworth, D3'er

&

Co.

(Chicago),

funds to be sent to, 335; transmission of funds (Illinois to New York), by, 377.

Wages, condition

of,

n. I.

Walker, Cyrus, candidate for Congress, Ixxxv; defends J. Smith, Ixxxv; opinion

of,

on

Nauvoo

charter,

Ixxxv.

Wall, Captain, selection of, to settle dispute between Colonels Hardin and Baker, cvi.

Wall Street,

ofllce of

Gay & Wadsworth,

near, 251. War of 1S12, acts of A. Jackson in, 43, n. 2; services in, of: M. K. Alexander, 122, n. I, Governor Carlin, 13, n.,

W.

diers of, 139, n-

Thornton, 14, n.; solexempted from taxation, F,

Ward, Thomas W., appealed

to,

kx;

194;

Governor French referred to, 153; investigating committee selected by,

letter to,

from Governor French,

169, 193, 197. Warren, W. B., carries conditions to anti-Mormons, ci, n. 2; characterization of, ci; patrol commanded by, ci.

Warren County, represented in antiIMormon mass meeting, c, n. 7. Warsaw, indignation meeting at, xci; intense anti-Mormon feeling around, bcxxviii; residence of A. II. Worthcn, 239, n. 3; terminal of proposed rail-

road,

li,

n. 2.

Warsaw Signal, censured by non -Mormons outside state, ciii, n. i; referred to, Ixxxix, n. I.

Washington County, mobilization of troops for Mexican War in, cv, n. 3. Wasp, The, referred to, xxxv, n. 4. Waterloo, residence of S.McRoberts, 37. Wayne County, mobilization of troops for Mexican War in, cv, n. 3; residence of C. H. Constable, Ixi, n. i. Webster, Mr., bonds, scrip, vouchers, and coupons delivered to, 180, 293; bonds forwarded by, 196; receipt given to, 301. Webster, B. C, examination of Wadsworth & Sheldon's accounts by, 340, 341,342, 343Webster, B. C. & Co., draft from, 286, 306, 311.

Weekly Herald, subscription to, 257. Wells, Joseph B., appointment of, 198, n.;

1842, xxxviii.

Wait, William S., letter of, addressed to Governor Ford, Ivii. Walker, Caroline, wife of E. Peck, 166,

467

claim referred

to, 211;

requests

J.

Calhoun to audit accounts of Wadsworth & Sheldon, 383. Wentworth, John, petition sent to Governor Ford by, Ivii, n. i. Western States, supposed inability of, to pay debts, lix. Western & Atlantic Railroad, S. H. Long, chief engineer on, 92, n. West Point Military Academy, attended by J. Pope, 270, n.; S. H. Long, a professor

in, 92, n.

Wetmore & Cryder (New York

City),

attorneys for G. Peabody, 325; statement of Peabody claim sent to, 317. Whig party, alliance of, with Democrats, Ixxxviii; attitude of, toward: canal, Ixvii, civ,

Ixxiii, cxiii,

Mormons,

xxxi,

Mexican War, xxxii,

xxxv,

Lxxix, Ixxx, Jxxxii, n. 2, Ixxxiii, state

banks, xliii, state debt, liv; camxxxv, xxxvi, paign of 1842, by critical attitude of, toward Democrats, xxx; declares against re-

xxxvii;

ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS

468

pudiation, liv; few sessions of legislature dominated by, xxx; ignored by

Mormons, nority xxxii;

in

members

Mormon

mi-

Ixxxviii; irresponsible

of,

Mormon of,

vote

1840, xxxi; elected by,

legislation,

favor canal, Ixxiii; candidates of,

for

no governor xxx;

of

Illinois

opposition

of,

to

canal legislation, Ixvii, Ixxii, n. 3; selection of, in 1S42: Governor Duncan for governor, W. H. Henderson for lieutenant-governor, xxxi; state banks managed by appointees of, xxx; supports state banks, xliii; union of opposition elements in, xvii. Whig press, acknowledgment of, that debt must be paid, Iviii; approval of Governor Ford's first message by, Ivi; attitude of, toward: canal and interest legislation, cxiii, candidacy of Governor Ford, xxxv, Mexican

War,

civ,

Mormons

in politics,

xxxv,

wifeism, Ixxxiii, taxation, Ix; characterization of, xxxii; dilispiritual

gence of, civ. Whitaker, Oliver, nomination

Whitcomb,

of, 42.

Governor

(Indiana), dethat western states could not pay debts, lix. Whiteside, John D., assurance of, on railroad-iron contract, 229; denies Thompson & Forman claim, 224; elected fund commissioner, 83; failure to fulfil contract with Thompson & Forman by, 345; hypothecation of bonds by, 106, n. 3, 315; interview of, with Thompson & Forman, 224; leaves bonds in hands of state agents, claration

of,

203; letter of, to Governor French, 224; letter to, from Governor Ford, 124; petition of, S$; scrip and bonds loaned to, 124, 125, 126. Whiteside, General, D. Prickett, aid-

de-camp

to, 17, n. 2.

Whiteside County, public

by J. McCoy, 49, McCoy, 49, n. 2.

office in,

held

n. 2; residence of J.

Whiteside County, History of, by Charles Bent, referred to, 49, n. 2. Whiteside Station, residence of J. D. Whiteside, 126, n. "Wiggins Loan," history of, 182, n. Will County, public ofiicc in, held by G. D. Parks, 149, n.; residence of: W. Gooding, 145, n., D. L. Gregg, I, Governor Matteson, 63, G. D. A. Parks, 149, n. Williams, John, reward for, 103.

233, n.

n. 2,

Williams, Levi, charged with the murder of H. and J. Smith, xcviii, n. 4; proposition made by Mormons lo, c. Williams College, attended by J. Butter.

field,

212, n.

I.

Willis, John, charged with the murder of H. and J. Smith, xcviii, n. 4.

Wilson, J. D.. claims of, 119. Wilson, Sarah, wife of J. Reynolds, 8,n. 2. Winchester, residence of, S. A. Douglas, 235, n.

Winnebago Countv,

residence

of

J.

Mitchell, 78.

Wisconsin,

claim

of,

Illinois, xxxvi: xxxix, n. 3.

for

counties

"Wolf hunt," abandonment scheme

for

debt

territorial

driving

in of,

of, xcviii;

out Mormons,

xcviii.

Wood, Mr., bonds held by, 196. Wood, John, resignation of, 38, n. i. Wood, John, account against, 102. Wood, Silas, complaint made to,

138,

139; letter to, from Governor French, 137, 152, 192; protest by, 300. Woodbury, Mr., secretary of the treasury, 22.

Woodworth, H.

P., letter to,

from Gov-

ernor Ford, 92. Wool, General, sword presented to, 259. Worth, General, sword presented to, 259.

Worthen (Worthin), Amos H., appointment of, 239; biographical notice of, 239, n. 3.

Worthington, T., activity legislation, lxi,n.

of,

m

canal

i.

Wright, John, member of firm of Wright

&

Co., 83.

Wright & Co. (London), act of General Assembly on contract with, 16; attitude of General Assembly toward sale of bonds to, 20; bonds hypothecated with, 203; Governor Carlin advises J. Reynolds and R. M.

Young

to cancel contract with, 10; contract of, with fund commissioners, 348, C. Oakley and M. M. Rawlings, :

82, J. Reynolds and R. M. Young, 85, 86; contract with, 203; contract with: carried into effect, 14, desired by canal contractors, 10, to be can5; disposal of funds received from, 81, 82; dividends paid by, 207; exchange of bonds with, 23; echo of

celed,

failure of, 302, 329; failure of, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, Ss, 86, 87, 88, 203; news of

INDEX of, transmitted to General Assembly, 26; owes for state bonds,

failure

payment for railroad iron by, power of attorney granted to C. Oakley and INl. Ryan to represent state in bankruptcy proceedings of, liii,

n. 2;

230;

80, 81, 82, S3, 84,_ 85, 86, 87, 88; reasons for failure of, 26, n. 3, 30, n. i; resolutions sent to, 5; sale of bonds by, 83; sale of bonds to, xxii; sale of state bonds to, confirm.ed, 15, 23; state bonds "left in bands of," "unsold," 303; story of failure of, 26, n, 3; trans-

actions of, with: C. Oakley, 302, M. Rawlings, 302.

M.

469

Young, Governor (New York), lettei to, from Governor French, 146. Young, Richard M., action of, approved by Governor Carlin, 22; advised by Governor Carlin to cancel contract with Wright & Co., 10; appointed agent to negotiate loan, Ixv; arrearage of school funds procured by, 233; authorized to: close contract with Wright & Co., 14. hypothecate bonds, 19; biographical notice of, 8, n. i; contract of, with Wright & Co., 85, 86; investigates school lund, 212, 212, n. 2; letter of, transmitted to

Lower House, General Assembly, 29; letter to, fromx:

Yarwood, injunction 133, n-

5, 8, 13, 16, 20, 23,

in case of, 119.

Yates, Ricliard, biographical notice

of,

T-

Yost, Mr., letter from General Davis carried by, 141.

211, 232;

28,

Governor Carlin, Governor French,

memorial sent

to, 33, n.,

37;

ordered to deliver 1,100 canal bonds to W. F. Thornton, 13; proposition

feiting, cii, n. 3; leads exodus westward, cii; terms of sale of

by, 211, 212; presents Mormon petition to Congress, Ixxix, n. 5; selections of state lands by, 127; state agent to negotiate loans, 5; transmission of report from, to Gen-

property by,

eral

Young, Brigham, accused

of counter-

Mormon

c.

made

Assembly, 31;

visits

Europe,

Ixv.