English for Tourism Industry : учебно-методическое пособие

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Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации Сибирский федеральный университет

ENGLISH FOR TOURISM INDUSTRY Учебно-методическое пособие

Электронное издание

Красноярск СФУ 2019

УДК 811.111:338.48(07) ББК 81.432.1я73+65.433я73 Е56 Составители: Ратуева Ольга Николаевна Петрова Марина Викторовна

Е56 English for Tourism Industry : учеб.-метод. пособие / сост. : О. Н. Ратуева, М. В. Петрова. – Электрон. дан. (1,82 Мб). – Красноярск : Сиб. федер. унт, 2019. – Систем. требования: PC не ниже класса Pentium I ; 128 Mb RAM ; Windows 98/XP/7 ; Adobe Reader V8.0 и выше. – Загл. с экрана. Представлен материал для ознакомления обучающихся с основными видами профессиональной деятельности в сфере туризма, типами туристских компаний, гостиниц и ресторанов, функциями специалистов, видами и формами обслуживания, досуга и рекреации, видами туризма, отдельными этапами его развития. Предназначено для студентов высших учебных заведений туристских специальностей и направлений, а также для широкого круга лиц, изучающих иностранный язык (английский) в сфере туризма.

УДК 811.111:338.48(07) ББК 81.432.1я73+65.433я73 © Сибирский федеральный университет, 2019

Электронное учебное издание Подготовлено к публикации издательством Библиотечно-издательского комплекса Подписано в свет 25.07.2019. Заказ №8588 Тиражируется на машиночитаемых носителях Библиотечно-издательский комплекс Сибирского федерального университета 660041, г. Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 82а Тел. (391)206-26-16; http://rio.sfu-kras.ru E-mail: [email protected]

CONTENT UNIT I JOBS IN TOURISM Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading 1. THE TOUR OPERATOR 2. THE TRAVEL AGENT 3. THE TOURISM MANAGER 4. THE АNIMATOR 5. THE TOUR GUIDE After-reading tasks Speaking Grammar exercises

7 7 9 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 17

UNIT II TOURIST COMPANIES Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading 1. TOUR OPERATORS 2. TRAVEL AGENCIES 3. TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICES 4. TOURIST OUTLETS 5. FREE-LANCERS After-reading tasks Speaking Grammar exercises

22 22 24 26 26 26 27 28 28 29 32 33

UNIT III STAGES IN TOURIST DEVELOPMENT Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading 1. HOW IT ALL STARTED 2. TOURISM IN THE 19TH CENTURY 3. THOMAS COOK COMPANY 4. THE OUTSET OF TOURISM IN RUSSIA 5. THE WORLD TOURIT ORGANIZATION After-reading tasks Speaking Grammar exercises

38 38 39 41 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

UNIT IV TYPES OF TOURISM Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading

53 53 56 57 3

1. LEISURE TOURISM 2. SPORTS TOURISM 3. BUSINESS TOURISM 4. INCENTIVE TOURISM 5. FAMILIARIZATION TOURISM After-reading tasks Speaking Grammar exercises

57 58 58 59 60 60 62 63

UNIT V PEOPLE IN HOSPITALITY Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading 1. THE RECEPTIONIST 2. THE CONCIERGE 3. THE HOTEL MANAGER 4. THE RESTAURANT MANAGER 5. THE CHEF After-reading tasks Speaking Grammar exercises

67 67 69 71 71 72 72 73 74 74 77 77

UNIT VI HOTEL SERVICES Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading 1. THE FRONT OFFICE 2. THE BELL SERVICE 3. THE HOUSEKEEPING 4. THE TELEPHONE DEPARTMENT 5. THE SECURITY DEPARTMENT After-reading tasks Speaking Grammar exercises

86 86 89 91 91 92 93 94 94 95 96 97

UNIT VII RESTAURANT SERVICES Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading 1. TYPES OF RESTAURANTS 2. THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE DEPARTMENT 3. THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE STAFF 4. THE CATERING DEPARTMENT 5. THE BANQUETING SERVICES After-reading tasks

99 99 102 103 103 104 105 106 106 107

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Speaking Grammar exercises

110 111

UNIT VIII TYPES OF HOTELS Active vocabulary Pre-reading tasks Reading 1. THE INEXPENSIVE HOTEL 2. THE MODERATE HOTEL 3. THE EXPENSIVE HOTEL 4. THE DELUXE HOTEL 5. THE SUPERDELUXE HOTEL After-reading tasks Speaking Grammar exercises GRAMMAR REFERENCE VERB FORMS PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES PLURAL OF NOUNS ARTICLES PAST SIMPLE THERE IS / THERE ARE PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT MODAL VERBS FUTURE SIMPLE FUTURE PLANS COMPLEX OBJECT PASSIVE VOICE

119 119 122 124 124 125 125 126 127 129 130 131 137 137 140 142 144 146 147 149 151 152 154 156 157 159 159 160

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ВВЕДЕНИЕ Учебно-методическое пособие ориентировано на лиц, владеющих базовыми знаниями в области грамматики английского языка, лексическим запасом в объеме программы средней школы и некоторыми навыками разговорной речи. При наличии такой базы настоящее пособие поможет обучающимся овладеть профессиональными терминами и оборотами коммуникативной направленности. Цели и задачи пособия: 1) познакомить обучающихся с основными видами профессиональной деятельности в туризме и гостеприимстве, типами туристских компаний, гостиниц и ресторанов, функциями специалистов, видами и формами обслуживания, досуга и рекреации, видами туризма, отдельными этапами его развития; 2) расширить словарный запас обучающихся за счет овладения ими современной терминологией, широко используемой в сферах туризма и гостеприимства; 3) подготовить обучающихся к выбору специализации туристского профиля, чтению аутентичной специальной литературы по тематике данного пособия. Пособие состоит из восьми разделов, организованных по тематическому принципу. Все разделы имеют единообразную структуру построения. В каждый раздел входит: 1) глоссарии к текстам, диалогам и упражнениям, включающие как специальные термины, так и лексику, контекстуально с ними связанную; 2) серия лексических упражнений до чтения текстов, вводящих профессиональную лексику; 3) пять учебных текстов, представляющих различные аспекты изучаемой темы, с вопросами с целью самоконтроля понимания и активизации устной речи на основе информации, взятой из текстов; 4) серия лексических упражнений на активизацию усвоения профессиональных терминов; 5) творческие задания на составление монологов, диалогов, разговоров, дискуссий, с использованием вводных фраз; 6) блок тренировочных лексико-грамматических упражнений на повторение некоторых грамматических аспектов английского языка. Пособие содержит грамматический справочник, в котором отражены основные теоретические аспекты базовых грамматических явлений. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов высших учебных заведений туристских специальностей и направлений, а также для широкого круга лиц, изучающих иностранный язык (английский) в сфере туризма

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UNIT I JOBS IN TOURISM ACTIVE VOCABULARY

Part 1 animator to book booking agent career to continue customer destination to develop essential extensive graduation guide guide-interpreter to handle hospitality interpreter to involve to issue tickets a must to receive retail retailer sale to sell (sold, sold) separate service successful ticket agent tour tour guide tour operator travel agent travel consultant travel writer tutoring wholesale wholesaler

аниматор бронировать агент по бронированию карьера продолжать клиент, покупатель место назначения разрабатывать существенный обширный, основательный окончание (вуза) гид, экскурсовод гид-переводчик осуществлять, заниматься, работать с гостеприимство переводчик включать, охватывать выписывать билеты обязательное условие получать, принимать в розницу продавец в розницу, розничный торговец продажа продавать отдельный услуга, обслуживание, сервис преуспевающий, успешный билетный агент тур, туристическая поездка экскурсовод, гид группы, групповод туроператор турагент консультант по туризму туристический журналист обучение, подготовка оптом оптовик 7

Part 2 accommodation to accompany to advertise to arrange arrangements artistic arts brochure car rental/hire carrier to cater to catering cheerful chief animator commission to communicate consumer contest cost cruise ship to decide on department direct discount easy-going employee entertainment flight to follow friendly goods head helpful hire to interpret journey local to market mass media native to offer passenger

размещение сопровождать рекламировать организовывать организация (чего-либо) артистичный искусство, художественный брошюра аренда/прокат автомобиля перевозчик, транспортная компания заботиться, стараться удовлетворить (общественное) питание веселый шеф-аниматор комиссионный сбор, комиссия, комиссионное вознаграждение общаться потребитель конкурс стоимость круизный теплоход принимать решение о отдел напрямую скидка легкий в общении служащий развлечение рейс следовать приветливый товары глава готовый помочь нанимать на работу переводить (устно) путешествие местный находить рынок сбыта средства массовой информации родной предлагать пассажир 8

physically fit producer profit promotion to provide to report to resort to run (ran, run) sales department schedule shop-assistant sight sightseeing social director staff to supervise supplier tour package travel insurance to tip

в хорошей физической форме производитель прибыль продвижение (на рынок) предоставлять, обеспечивать подчиняться курорт управлять отдел сбыта программа, график продавец достопримечательность осмотр достопримечательностей режиссер социальных программ персонал, кадры руководить поставщик пакет тура, пакет туристских услуг, турпакет, турпутевка страховка тура давать чаевые

Pre-reading tasks: 1. Match up: 1. tour 2. social 3. travel 4. destination 5. tourist 6. car 7. chief

a) agent b) destination c) operator d) animator e) director f) rental g) geography

2. Cross out one odd term in each line: 1) customer, interpreter, travel agent, booking agent, guide, ticket agent; 2) flight, car rental, transfer, commission, hotel accommodation, sightseeing tour; 3) accommodation, arrangements, promotion, destination, entertainment, commission; 4) discount, career, separate, resort, contest, brochure; 5) passenger, tourism manager, consumer, career, social director, chief animator.

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3. Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (4 terms in each group): Destination geography, profit, car rental, accommodation, commission, retail, tutoring, social director, sale, knowledge, discount, guide, catering, shopassistant, animator, cost, interpreter, entertainment, wholesale, graduation. Trade

Tourist staff

Education

Travel services

Money matters

4. Read the dialogue and answer the questions in Exersise 5: A: I hear you are going to choose a career in tourism. B: Definitely. I am planning to enter the Institute for Tourism. A: Really? Are you interested in traveling or working with people? B: Frankly speaking, I really enjoy all of these. But I’m not quite sure what I’m going to be. A: You don’t know any tourist jobs, do you? B: Don’t say that, I heard about tour guides and animators. A: Is that all? Besides these professions, there are many others. B: Put me in picture, then! A: People in tourism are tour operators, travel agents, booking agents, ticket agents, travel consultants, tourism managers, guide-interpreters, travel writers and many others. B: Wow, quite a choice! What job to choose, then? A: I don’t know. It’s up to you to decide! B: All right, I’ll consult with my father. A: Is he in tourism business? B: No, he isn’t. But he travels on business a lot. A: Then he must know some information about tourist firms and jobs in tourism. B: Yes, I agree with you. Don’t you want to join me and visit my dad? A: Why not? Let’s go! 5. Answer the questions: 1. Are you keen on tourism at all? What are you keen on in tourism? 2. Are you fond of travelling at all? 3. What are you fond of in travelling? 4. Are you interested in working with people? 5. What tourist job are you interested in? 6. Are you thinking of the position of a travel agent? 7. Are foreign languages essential in tourism business? 8. What foreign languages are essential in tourism business? 9. Are you doing well in English? What are you doing well in? 10

10. Is your English getting better? Do you practice your English every day? 11. What skills do you practice every day? Are they getting better? 12. What jobs in tourist industry do you know? 13. Are these jobs popular/interesting/active/well-paid? 14. Would you like to make a career in Tourism? 15. What position do you think is the most suitable for you? Reading: TEXTS Read the texts: 1. THE TOUR OPERATOR The tour operator works in a tourist company. He develops tours also known as tour packages. Tour packages include transportation, accommodation, catering, transfers and other services. To develop a tour package the tour operator works with transportation companies or carriers, hotels, restaurants, museums and other suppliers. The tour operator usually markets the tours. He advertises them in mass media or in brochures. The tour operator is a wholesaler. He sells tour packages to travel agents wholesale and pays commission to them. Sometimes he sells tour packages direct to the public. Tour operators organize tours, so they are the main producers in the tourist industry. Answer the questions: 1. Where does the tour operator work? 2. What does he do? 3. What do tour packages include? 4. What kind of companies does the tour operator work with? 5. How does the tour operator market the tours? 6. How does the tour operator sell the tours? What does “a wholesaler” mean?

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2. THE TRAVEL AGENT The travel agent works in a travel company. The travel agent like the shop-assistant sells goods to customers. The goods he offers are tour operator’s packages. The travel agent is a retailer. He sells tour packages retail to the customers. He gets a commission from the tour operator. The commission is from 5 to 10 per cent of the tour cost. The travel agent also sells separate services. They are flights, hotel rooms, sightseeing tours, car rentals, travel insurances and so on. The travel agent works directly with the public. Travel agents sell tours, so they are the main sellers in the tourist industry. Answer the questions: 1. Where does the travel agent work? 2. What does the travel agent do? 3. What kind of goods does the travel agent sell? 4. How does the travel agent sell tour packages? What does a “retailer” mean? 5. How high is the travel agent’s commission? 6. What kind of separate services does the travel agent sell? 3. THE TOURISM MANAGER The tourism manager works in a tourist company. He runs some tourist business. He supervises all kinds of operations in a tourist company. He also supervises the tourist company staff. Sometimes the tourism manager is just the head of some department in a large tourist company: sales department or public relations department. In this case he reports to the general manager. The tourism manager plans tourist business: operations, new products, profits. He controls the results. In a travel company the tourism manager decides on development and promotion of new tour packages, advertising and sales. He also decides on prices and discounts. The tourism manager hires employees. He selects them and provides their training. Answer the questions: 1. Where does the tourism manager work? 2. What does he supervise? 3. When does the tourism manager report to the general manager? 4. What does the tourism manager plan and control? 5. What does the tourism manager decide on in a travel company? 6. How does the tourism manager hire employees? 12

4. THE АNIMATOR The animator organizes and provides entertainments for guests in a hotel or holiday resort. He also organizes entertainment programmes for passengers on a cruise ship. The animator conducts parties, shows, sport or arts contests, games for children and grown-ups. He involves guests in action: games and shows. The chief animator manages the staff of animators. He is also called the social director. He communicates with guests a lot. The animator speaks a few foreign languages. He communicates with guests in their native languages. He is very artistic, he usually dances well, sings well and acts like an actor. The animator is an easy-going and cheerful person. He is the main entertainer in the tourist industry. Answer the questions: 1. Where does the animator work? 2. What does the animator do? 3. Why does the animator speak a few foreign languages? 4. What does the animator do like an actor? 5. What kind of person is the animator? 5. THE TOUR GUIDE The tour guide handles tour groups. He shows tourists round a city, sights or museums. The tour guide conducts sightseeing tours or tours to museums and exhibitions. The tour guide is also called the tour conductor. The tour guide accompanies tourists during a local tour or during a whole journey. He or she caters to the needs of tourists and he deals with all kinds of problems. The tour guide speaks the language of the tourists perfectly well. He interprets and translates well from one language into another. The tour guide knows a lot on history, geography, art and culture. He knows all the sights in a travel destination. The tour guide answers a lot of questions. He is a friendly, easy-going and helpful person. Tourists tip their guides if they like them. Answer the questions: 1. What kind of person is the tour guide? 2. What does he do? 3. What does the tour guide cater to? 4. What subjects does he know and why? 5. How well does the tour guide know a foreign language? 6. How does he handle tour groups? 13

After-reading tasks: 1. Match the terms with the definitions: 1. a tour operator 2. a travel agent 3. a tourism manager 4. a tour guide 5. an animator 6. a social director 7. a booking agent

a) a travel company staff member who sells tours retail b) a tourist professional who shows tourists round a destination or a sight c) a tourist specialist who develops tour packages d) a manager who supervises the staff of animators e) a tourist professional who manages a travel company or a department f) a specialist who arranges entertainments for hotel guests or cruise passengers g) a travel company staff member who arranges ticket bookings

2. Pick out the right definition: 1. a retailer a) a person or a company that buys a tour package from a tour operator b) a person or a company buys separate travel services c) a person or a company that sells goods or services direct to the public d) a person or a company that sells tickets direct to the public 2. goods a) a lot of good things b) products on sale c) sales d) discounts 3. a tour package a) a set of tours offered for a traveller’s choice b) a list of services offered by a travel agency c) a tour which includes transportation, accommodation, meals and other services at one price and is paid for in advance d) an envelope from a travel agency with all the travel documents for the customer going on a tour 4. a wholesaler a) a person or a company that sells packaged goods or services to customers b) a person or a company that works on a travel market c) a sales person or a company that has a number of agents or agencies d) a person or a company that buys goods or services in bulk from suppliers and sells them to retailers 14

5. staff a) personal things b) personnel c) a lot of people d) a lot of customers 3. Fill in the blanks: the travel agent research transportation tour packages promotion the receptionist hires speaks 1. The tourism manager decides on ... and advertising of new tours. 2. ... sells tour packages and separate services to customers. 3. Tour operators always do market ... when they develop tours. 4. ... registers hotel guests and assigns rooms to them. 5. The tour guide … a few foreign languages. 6. The tourism manager … employees. 7. The tour operator develops tours also known as… 8. Tour packages include … accommodation, catering, transfers and other services. 4. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Менеджер туризма управляет туристской компанией. Он принимает решения о турах, ценах и скидках. Он управляет персоналом компании. Он не всегда находится в офисе. Он часто ездит по делам. 2. Сколько служащих в этой туристской компании? – В этой компании имеется менеджер, несколько турагентов и бухгалтер. – Сколько у них гидов и сопровождающих? – Там нет гидов и сопровождающих. Менеджер нанимает их на работу только в высокий сезон. 3. Я хочу стать гидом-переводчиком. Я должен изучить еще один иностранный язык, историю и искусство. Все будущие гиды изучают историю и географию, культуру и искусство. 4. Где ваша тургруппа? – Туристы – в горах. У них спортивный тур. Speaking 1.Give advantages and disadvantages of each job in tourism, using phrases of giving opinion and adjectives describing jobs: Phrases of giving opinion: Personally, I think… I think… or I believe In my understanding… From my viewpoint… As far as I’m concerned… It seems to me… As I see it… The point is…

In my opinion… I personally think… From my point of view… From my standpoint… If you ask me, I think… I’d like to say this… 15

If you do want to know what I (we) think on this subject, let me put you in the picture then. Ajectives describing jobs: interesting boring active tiring responsible hard exciting nervous well-paid dangerous communicating skillful popular demanded easy pleasant creative unskilled reliable stressed

2. Make up a diagram or a spidergram of people in tourism. 3. Make up dialogues using the the phrases: to choose a career Isn’t that amazing? to be successful in your career Put me in the picture As far as I understand It is not right It’s wrong

following situations. Pay attention on to enter the college absolutely / definitely / exactly briefly speaking to do well in Knowledge is power You are mistaken I disagree

1. A student is taking an English exam. The question is “People in Tourism”. He doesn’t know the material and he makes a lot of mistakes. The teacher corrects the student. 2. The tour operator is meeting with the travel agent. They are discussing their jobs, comparing the duties. 3. The tourism manager hires the employees. He is talking to the applicants explaining the rules and duties.

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GRAMMAR EXERCISES 1. Present Simple 1.1. Open the brackets. Translate the sentences. Models: I am (be) a student. She is (be) a doctor. They are (be) guides. He has (have) his own office. 1. Our students (be) at school. 2. Mr. Smith (have) a lot of work to do. 3. They usually (have) many guests at the parties. 4. Your house (be) large and comfortable. 5. My wife (be) very pretty. 6. I (be) a manager. 1.2. Make up negative and interrogative sentences. Models: 1. We have much work to do. (–) We do not (don’t) have much work to do. (?) Do we have much work to do? 2. He is a tourism manager. (–) He is not a tourism manager. (?) Is he a tourism manager? 1. This man is a tour operator. 2. The manager speaks English. 3. They have their own office. 4. Your office is very old. 5. The manager has duties. 6. I am an animator. 7. They are knowledgeable guides. 1.3. Put the subject of the sentence in the third person singular. Model: We are happy. – She is happy. 1. The travel agents work in a travel company. 2. The travel agents sell goods to customers. 3. The goods are tour operator’s packages. 4. They have their own business. 5. The services are expensive.

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1.4. Make up special questions. Models: 1. She is a good tour guide. (Who, What, What kind of…) Who is a good tour guide? What is she? What kind of guide is she? 2. She handles tour groups. (Who, What, What) Who handles tour groups? What does she do? What does she handle? 1. He is an experienced tour operator. (Who, What kind of…) 2. They are our new suppliers. (Who, What) 3. Tour operators usually market the tours. (Who, What, How often) 4. He advertises tours in mass media or in brochures. (Who, What, Where) 5. The manager speaks English and German fluently. (Who, What, How well) 6. The tourism manager plans tourist business. (Who, What, What kind of…) 7. He decides on prices and discounts because he is a tourism manager. (Who, Why, What) 8. They arrange entertainment programmes because they are animators. (Who, Why, What) 9. You advertise your tour packages in mass media every month. (Where, When, What) 10. The animator entertains passengers on a cruise ship. (Whom, Where, Who, What) 1.5. Open the brackets. 1. The tour guide (speak) a few foreign languages. 2. The chief animator (supervise) the staff of animators? 3. There (be) some timetables, a travelogue and a folder on the table. 4. When and where the conference on international travel and tourism usually (take) place? – It usually (take) place in August in Italy. 5. Our customers often (not attend) the exhibition. 6. Your travelling companions (take) the same kind of tour every year? – No, they don’t. 7. Old steamships (not cover) long distances. 8. Why (be) there so many discounts?

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2. Present Continuous 2.1. Make up negative and interrogative sentences. Model: The students are having dinner at the cafe. The students aren’t having dinner at the cafe. Are the students having dinner at the cafe? – Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. 1. It is raining now. 2. They are waiting for a tour guide. 3. A tourist is packing a suitcase at the moment. 4. We are discussing some problems with the teacher. 5. I am preparing for the departure. 6. Look, he is smoking. 2.2. Make up special questions. Model: We are waiting for the guide. (Who, What, Who…for) Who is waiting for the guide? What are we doing? Who are we waiting for? 1. The manager is talking on the phone now. (Who, What, When) 2. The students are discussing difficult problems at the lesson now. (Who, What, What kind of, Where) 3. You aren’t doing your homework now. (Who, What) 4. The tourist is reading an interesting article at the moment. (Who, What, When, What kind of…) 5. The teacher is speaking English now. (Who, What, What kind of …) 6. The tourists are looking for their guide. (Who, What, Who…for) 7. His English is getting better. (What, Whose, How) 8. They are putting a new tour together. (Who, What, What kind of) 9. She is practicing her English now because she is taking her exams tomorrow. (Who, What, Why) 10. The customers are asking questions about the tour. (Who, What, What … about) 2.3. Open the brackets. 1. The guide (wait) for me now. 2. What you (do) at the moment? – I (look) through the papers. 3. You (discuss) the problems in tourism? 4. I don’t want to go out because it (rain). 5. Our tour operators (develop) new tours. 6. I (not pack) my case now. 7. Your German (get) any better? – I hope so. Why you (ask)? – We (plan) to give you a job. 19

2.4. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Мои друзья планируют работать в туристском бизнесе. А что планируешь делать ты? – Я планирую стать экскурсоводом или гидомпереводчиком. 2. Турагент разговаривает по телефону? – Нет, он сейчас встречается с посетителями. 3. Что вы сейчас делаете? – Мы выбираем тур. 4. Чем в данный момент занимается ваш менеджер? – Он беседует с поставщиками. 5. Почему они сидят в офисе так поздно? – Они ждут своих клиентов. 6. Как у тебя идут дела с иностранным языком? – Извини, о чем ты спрашиваешь? – У тебя хорошо идут дела с английским? – Да, мой английский становится лучше. 7. Что вы сейчас пишете? Мы пишем задания к экзамену по географии турцентров. Хорошо, я думаю об этом весь день. 3. Present Simple – Present Continuous 3.1. Fill in with Present Simple or Present Continuous. June: Hi, Mum! Mum: Hello. June. Where 1) are you calling (you /call) from? June: I 2) ……………… (be) at work at the moment. My boss 3) ………(have) lunch with his wife now. He 4) ……(often/take) her to lunch on Tuesdays. Mum: Well, why 5) ……………… (you/phone)? Is there anything wrong? June: No, I just want you to know that I 6) ……………… (come) home next Saturday. Mum: What time 7) ……………… (your train/arrive) in Leeds? June: It 8) ……………… (leave) London at 11 o’clock and 9) ………… (arrive) in Leeds at 2 o’clock. Mum: See you on Saturday then. 3.2. Open the brackets. Model: Where is your manager? – He is in the office. He is working (work) on the computer. 1. What you ____ (do) at the moment? 2. What the ticket agent ____ (do)? – She ____ (issue) air tickets. 3. The tour guide _____ (speak) a few foreign languages. 4. How often you ____ (travel) on business? 5. Where our guide __ (go)? — She __ (not go) anywhere. She __ (wait) for us. 6. Who these customers ______ (look) for? — They ____ (look) for our tourism manager. 20

7. The chief animator _____ (supervise) the staff of animators? 3.3. Underline the correct item. 1. I see/ am seeing that the situation is out of control. 2. The sausages are tasting/taste delicious. 3. Do you enjoy/Are you enjoying this party? 4. You haven’t said a word all morning. What are you thinking/do you think about? 5. He has/is having a Siamese cat. 6. These flowers are smelling/smell nice. 7. I don’t know/am not knowing where she keeps the keys. 8. Why are you feeling/do you feel your pockets? Have you lost anything? 9. Why do you smell/are you smelling the milk? Do you think it has gone off? 10. Anna’s Italian. She is coming/comes from Italy. 11. That dress looks/is looking nice on you. 12. Paul listens/is listening to a new record in his room. 13. If you don’t look/aren’t looking at that comic book, I’d like to see it. 14. Joan weighs/ is weighing 50 kilos. 15. Mary is/is being very naughty these days. 3.4. Fill in with Present Simple or Continuous. Sue: What 1) …are you doing… (you /do) now? Mark: I 2) … (look) through these old film magazines. Look, here’s an old picture of Jack Nicholson. Sue: Oh, I 3) … (think) he 4) … (look) awful! And his suit 5) … (not/fit) him properly. Mark: Yes, I 6) … (agree). And he 7) … (appear) to be really angry. I wonder what he 8) … (think) about. Sue: He 9) … (be) in that new film that’s on at the Odeon now, isn’t he? Mark: Yes, I saw it last night. He 10) … (look) very different now. He 11) …(weigh) a lot more. Sue: I 12)… (hope) it’s a good film. I 13) … (watch) it tonight. Stuart 14) … (take) me out. Actually, he 15) … (be) very nice to me these days. Mark: He probably 16) … (want) to borrow some money. Sue: I 17) … (see). That explains it. 3.5. Translate the sentences. 1. Я – гид переводчик. Я не работаю в туристической компании. Я провожу экскурсии и часто отвечаю на вопросы туристов. Я много перевожу с одного языка на другой. 2. Чем в данный момент занимается ваш менеджер? — Он беседует с клиентами. 21

3. Менеджер туризма управляет туристической компанией. Он не всегда находится в офисе. Он часто ездит по делам. 4. Что Вы сейчас делаете? — Мы выбираем тур. 5. Как у тебя дела с английским? — Мой английский становится лучше. 6. Аниматоры очень общительные люди. Они говорят на родном и иностранных языках. 7. Что этот студент делает в нашем офисе? — Он и его товарищи проходят практику. 8. Менеджер по туризму отбирает новых кандидатов на должность ассистента. 9. Где менеджер? — Он в офисе разговаривает с посетителями. 10. Мой друг не любит летать на самолете. Он обычно путешествует поездом. UNIT II TOURIST COMPANIES ACTIVE VOCABULARY Part 1 airport association attractive body competitor to earn free-lancer full-time high season low-season off-season outlet painstaking part-time to promote reason reasonable rewarding sales outlet to sort out store tourist board

аэропорт ассоциация привлекательный орган конкурент зарабатывать внештатный работник полный рабочий день высокий сезон низкий сезон мертвый сезон точка розничного сбыта трудоемкий, тяжелый неполный рабочий день продвигать (на рынок) причина разумный, резонный благодарный розничная точка сбыта разбирать, рассортировывать, улаживать (проблемы) магазин туристский совет 22

tourist information centre tourist information office

туристский информационный центр туристское информационное представительство

Part 2 advantage advice airlines air ticket article attraction billboard branch branch out booklet car hire chain charter climate coach coaching coaching tour cruising tour the Customs department store disadvantage to employ escort ferry folder free of charge guide book head office holiday centre inclusive tour in-coming tourism independent leisure centre licence located luggage magazine major

преимущество совет авиакомпания авиабилет статья достопримечательность афиша филиал образовывать филиалы буклет прокат автомобилей сеть (гостиниц, ресторанов) чартер климат туристский автобус путешествие на автобусе автобусный тур круизный тур таможня универмаг недостаток принимать на работу сопровождающий паром проспект, папка, несшитая брошюра бесплатно путеводитель головной офис дом отдыха комплексный тур въездной туризм независимый, самостоятельный центр отдыха лицензия расположенный багаж журнал крупный 23

market research manual office site to order permanent permission poster to publish to put together rack receipt research to service shipping company subject tax terminal timetable tourist product travel clerk travel shop travelogue up-to date

изучение рынка справочник офисное здание заказывать постоянный разрешение плакат издавать комплектовать стеллаж квитанция исследования обслуживать судоходная компания тема, предмет налог здание (аэропорта, вокзала) расписание туристский продукт служащий тур. компании магазин путешествий каталог путешествий современный Pre-reading tasks:

1. Match up: 1. market 2. tour 3. tourist 4. travel 5. inclusive 6. guide 7. office 8. department

a) board b) tour c) book d) research e) site f) package g) store h) insurance

2. Cross out one odd term in each line. 1) permanent, attractive, rewarding, independent, timetable, reasonable; 2) magazine, store, department store, travel shop, travel agency, sales outlet; 3) guide book, brochure, folder, luggage, manual, magazine, booklet; 4) ferry, rack, car, coach, train, charter plane; 5) airport, airlines, chain, charter plane, air terminal, air ticket; 24

6) cruising tour, department store, holiday centre, timetable, air ticket, inclusive tour. 3. Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (3 terms in each group): Brochure, charge, escort, free-lancer, holiday centre, inclusive, booklet, cruising, office site, folder, travel clerk, coaching, receipt, tax, outlet. Locations

Money matters

Tours

People in tourism

Advertising materials

4. Read the dialogue and answer the questions in Exersise 5: A: As far as I know there are a lot of different companies that deal with tourism and travel, aren’t there? B: You are right. There are travel agencies, tour operators, tourist boards, tourist information centers, national tourist organizations and so on. A: Many tourist companies have got sales outlets in big hotels, airports, big stores and even in factories. The idea is to bring a sales outlet close to the customers. B: How very smart! And what kind of company is a tourist information office? A: This office gives information to tourists. Its clerks advise the customers on car hire, sightseeing, accommodation, flights and so on. They also give city orientations to guests. B: How convenient! What kinds of people are called free-lancers? A: They are people who work for themselves. They don’t work full-time for any tourist company. Free-lancers work part-time or in high season only. B: As far as I’ve understood there are many companies in tourism. They are tour operators, travel agencies, tourist information offices, tourist outlets. Besides, there are free-lancers who work for themselves. Am I right? A: Absolutely! What company would you work for? B: It’s hard to say! I think the profession of a free-lancer is close to me. It is better for me to work only in high season. A: That’s all very well but you can’t earn money in low and off-season. You have to do some other job. B: You are right. I need some time to sum up the knowledge about tourist companies and make the right choice! 5. Answer the questions using the information from the dialogue. 1. What tourist companies do you know? 2. Where are there sales outlets? 3. What is the idea of branching outlets? 4. Who gives tourists the information about flights, sightseeing and so on? 25

5. How do free-lancers work? Reading: TEXTS Read the texts: 1. TOUR OPERATORS Tour operators are tourist companies which develop and put together tour packages. Tour operators do market research. They promote their tours and advertise them. Tour operators publish colourful brochures, booklets and travellogues. Tour operators sell tour packages wholesale to travel agencies or sometimes direct to the public. There are tour operators which also act like travel agencies. They produce and sell their products themselves. There are independent tour operators. Among tour operators there are major airlines and shipping companies. There are large tour operators, such as Thomas Cook & Sons Company or American Express Company. Thomas Cook is the oldest tour operator in the world. Answer the questions: 1. What kind of companies are tour operators? 2. What do tour operators do? 3. How do tour operators promote their tours? 4. How do tour operators sell their tours? 5. What kind of tour operators are there? 6. What are the best-known tour operators in the world? 2. TRAVEL AGENCIES Travel agencies are retail tourist companies which work directly with the public. Travel agencies are often called travel shops where customers buy different tourist products. Travel agencies sell tour operators’ tour packages and individual tourist services. Among tour packages there are inclusive tours, charter inclusive tours and inclusive tours with an excursion. Travel agencies also sell coaching tours and cruising tours. Travel agencies form groups of tourists who take part in ready-made prepaid tours. They also make individual travel arrangements. Among separate tourist services there are air tickets, train tickets, boat or ferry tickets, hotel rooms, car rentals, sightseeing tours, services of a guide or a 26

guide-interpreter. Travel agencies also offer travel insurances and theatre tickets to their customers. Large travel agencies branch out and have got branches and outlets within a city, a region, a country or all over the world. There are large travel agencies which are members of a chain. A chain is a group of agencies which belong to the same company. In this case they often have the word «Group» in their names, for instance, Barry Martin Group or Blue Heart Travel Group. Usually such travel agencies act as tour operators as well. Answer the questions: 1. What kind of companies are travel agencies? 2. Why are travel agencies called travel shops? 3. What do travel agencies do? 4. What kind of tours do travel agencies offer? 5. What kind of separate tourist services do travel agencies offer? 6. What kind of travel agencies are there? 3. TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICES Tourist information offices are also called tourist information centres. Sometimes they are called visitor information centres. There are tourist information offices at major airports, railway stations, hotels, holiday or leisure centres and many tourist attractions. Tourist information offices have got office clerks who give advice to customers on car hire, sightseeing, coach tours, accommodations, flights and so on. The clerks also give city orientations to guests. Tourist information office clerks answer a lot of phone calls and give information on passports and visas, the Customs and luggage, weather and climate, city public transport and food service. The office clerks speak foreign languages fluently because they deal with many international travellers. There are usually racks full of city maps and guide books, booklets and folders, travellogues and timetables, billboards and posters in tourist information offices. Travellers get most of them free of charge. Answer the questions: 1. What kind of companies are tourist information offices? 2. Where are tourist information offices located? 3. What kind of advice do tourist information office clerks give? 4. What do tourist information office clerks do? What sort of information do they give? 5. Why do tourist information office clerks fluently speak foreign languages? 6. What kind of manuals for travellers are there in tourist information offices? 27

4. TOURIST OUTLETS Many large travel companies have got a lot of outlets within a city, a region, a country or throughout the world. An outlet is a point of sales of a company. There are outlets of travel agencies, airlines, car hire companies, coaching and cruising companies. There are travel agency outlets in hotels, airport terminals, railway stations, big department stores, at large factories and plants, and in office sites. If a travel company has got an outlet at a factory or in an office building, it means that it serves employees of those companies. Such an outlet provides the same services as other outlets and the head office of the travel company. It means that offers and prices are the same in all outlets. There is usually just one travel clerk at a sales outlet. He or she does all the work. He or she answers phone calls, meets customers in person, works on the computer, does paperwork. This clerk makes bookings, issues and sells tickets, collects money and gives receipts. Of course, the clerk keeps in touch with the head office and knows all the up-to-date information on tours and tickets. Answer the questions: 1. What is an outlet? 2. What sort of tourist outlets are there? 3. Where are travel agency outlets located? 4. What kind of customers does a travel agency outlet at a factory or in an office building service? 5. What does it mean that all travel agency outlets provide the same service? 6. How many clerks are there normally at a sales outlet? 7. What does a tourist outlet clerk do? 8. How does an outlet clerk get to know all the up-to-date information? 5. FREE-LANCERS There are people in tourism who work for themselves. They are called free-lancers. They don’t work full-time for any tourist company. They work part-time or in high season only. They don’t work in low and off-season. Among free-lancers there are guides, guides-interpreters, escorts, animators, travel writers. Tourist companies employ them for seasonal work. Cruising companies, resort hotels and holiday centres employ animators for summer high season. Travel agencies which deal with in-coming tourism employ guides, guides-interpreters, escorts. Travel writers offer their articles to magazines and newspapers when they wish to. Often magazines order special articles on tourist subjects from travel writers.

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Free-lancers are registered. It means that, on the one hand, they have got licences. Licences prove their qualifications and give them permission to work. On the other hand, if they are registered, they pay taxes. Free-lancers are, as a rule, members of professional associations. In high season free-lancers earn a lot of money. In low and off-season they don’t earn any money at all or do some other job. Teachers work as freelance guides. Students work as escorts. Actors work as animators. Travel writers are often permanent free-lancers. Answer the questions: 1. What kind of people are called free-lancers? 2. How and when do free-lancers work? 3. What are some of the free-lance jobs? 4. What kind of companies employ animators? 5. What kind of companies employ guides, guides-interpreters and escorts? 6. What do travel writers do? 7. What does it mean that free-lancers are registered? 8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of being a freelancer? After-reading tasks: 1. Match the terms with the definitions: 1) a receipt

a) a catalogue of tours or a short video film about a tourist destination for advertising purposes

2) a tourist outlet

b) an official paper which allows a person to do some kind of work

3) a free-lancer

c) a package holiday, where the price include transportation, accommodation and meals and is cheaper than it would be if all items were bought separately

4) a travelogue

d) an official organization which promotes tourism in a certain part of the world

5) travel insurance

e) a point of sales in a tourist company

6) a tourist board

f) a paper showing that money has been paid for some goods or services

7) a tour package

g) a person who is not attached to any company staff and works for himself having a licence to do such 29

work 8) a licence

h) a paper that insures a traveler against accident, illness or loss of luggage during a tour

2. Pick out the right definition: 1) a free-lancer a) a person who is allowed to work without any permission b) a person who is not a company staff member working for himself c) a person who works for a few companies d) a licence which allows a person to work for himself 2) a timetable a) a table clock b) an office clock c) a schedule of work in an office d) a time schedule 3) a folder a) a folding booklet b) an envelope c) a file d) a fold-away seat 4) a licence a) a pass b) a permission c) an allowance d) a guota 5) a store a) a shop b) a stock c) a market d) a place of storage 6) a rack a) a pack b) a desk c) a shelf d) a hook 7) a charter a) an airplane flying to a popular destination b) a plane or a boat travelling in summer season only c) a person or a company hiring transport for a special purpose d) hiring of transport for a special purpose 8) luggage a) baggage b) carriage c) clothing 30

d) eguipment 9) a receipt a) a prescription b) a recipe c) a paper showing that money has been paid d) a paper showing that money must be paid 3. Fill in the blanks: free-lancers sales outlets travelogues inclusive tours air tickets

racks airlines high season arrangements advice

a chain research licenses receipts taxes

1. Tour operators publish colourful… 2. There are … and shipping companies among major tour operators. 3.Tourist information office clerks give … to customers on passports and visas, luggage and the Customs. 4. Travel agencies make individual travel … 5. A sales outlet clerk sells tickets and tours, collects money and gives … herself. 6. People who work for themselves are called … 7. Tour operators always do market … when they develop tours. 8. There are … among tour operators’ products. 9. … give free-lancers a permission to work. 10. There are … with booklets and folders at travel agencies and their outlets. 11. Free-lancers are registered and they pay … 12. Major tourist companies branch out and have … 13. Some tourist companies are members of … 14. There are hotel rooms, train and … among separate tourist services. 15. Most free-lancers work in … 4. Make up a list of words of furniture ( in your room; in your flat; in the classroom; in the office; in the travel agency). 5. Discribe the classroom; your room; your flat; the office. Begin with the description of walls, the ceiling, the floor. Use the structures: there is / there are; there isn’t / there aren’t. adjectives: modern – old-fashioned; large – small; comfortable – uncomfortable; dark – light; colouful; wall-papered; wooden; plastic and so on. prepositions: on, in, at, near, next to, behind, opposite, in front of, in the middle of, between, on the right, on the left.

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Speaking 1. Make up a diagram or a spidergram of tourist companies. Tell about tourist companies using your diagram and the following phrases: Frankly speaking… As for… That is obvious… The idea is to… As a matter of fact… As the name suggests… 2. Make up dialogues about tourist companies using the following phrases: 1) Asking for clarification Could you explain what you mean? What exactly do you mean? I don’t really understand what you mean. I don’t quite see what you mean, I’m afraid. I’m not really with you. I’m not sure what you are driving at. It isn’t still clear to me why… I didn’t catch the last part. I didn’t quite follow what you were saying about… 2) Asking for opinions. Well, what do you think? What do you think about…? What’s your opinion of…? What’s your view on…? How do you see it then? Give your own views in answer to the following questions. Let’s have your opinion. 3. Discuss the situation in pairs: You’ve met a friend of yours who has been to Krasnoyarsk for the first time. She would like you to be her guide and to tell some words about the city. Use these phrases and structures: there is/there are; a lot of/many; a few/few; in fact; actually; the fact is that; as a matter of fact. Use these nouns: parks, gardens, squares, streets, houses, buildings, shops, trade centres, department stores, cinemas, theatres, night clubs, museums, schools, colledges, universities, academies, institutes, cafes, restaurants, canteens, tourist companies, travel agencies, tourist information centres, airports, railway stations, bus stations and so on.

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GRAMMAR EXERCISES THERE IS .../THERE ARE ... + a // some ? Any - not any // no + There is a folder on the rack. ? Is there any folder on the rack? - There is not (isn’t) any folder on the rack. There is no folder on the rack. + There are some folders on the rack. ? Are there any folders on the rack? - There are not (aren’t) any folders on the rack. There are no folders on the rack. Make up interrogative and negative sentences: MODEL: + There is an outlet here. ? Is there any outlet here? - There isn’t any outlet here. There is no outlet here.

+ There are some outlets here. ? Are there any outlets here? - There aren’t any outlets here. There are no outlets here.

1. There is a travel clerk in this sales outlet. 2. There are some discounts in low season. 3. There is a new travellogue in our office. 4. There are some articles on tourism in this magazine. 5. There is a travel agency in our town. 6. There are some tourist attractions in this tourist destination. 7. There is a tourist information office at the railway station. 8. There is a car rental company at the hotel. 9. There are some English-speaking tourists in the group. 10. There are some timetables on the desk. 11. There are some folders on the rack. 12. There is a city map on the shelf. 2. Make up alternative questions: MODEL: There is a timetable on the wall. Is there a timetable or a map on the wall? 1. There is a terminal in the city centre. 2. There are racks in the office. 3. There is a travel article in this magazine. 4. There are booklets on the desk. 33

5. There is a car hire agency in the hotel. 6. There is a new coach near their office site. 7. There are new department stores in the city. 8. There are tourist folders in the airport terminal. 9. There is a leisure centre in this tourist destination. 10. There are guide books in that kiosk. 11. There is a travel magazine on the rack. 12. There are receipts on his desk. 3. Make up special questions: MODELS: There is always a sightseeing tour in the tour package because tourists ask for it. (What, What kind of, When, Why) What is there in the tour package? What kind of tour is there in the tour package? When is there a sightseeing tour in the tour package? Why is there a sightseeing tour in the tour package? 1. There is a new coaching tour in their travellogue. (What, What kind of.., In whose) 2. There are a lot of angry visitors in the office because all the agents are busy. (Who, What kind of…, How many, Why) 3. There is only a summer timetable in the terminal in summer season. (What, What kind of..., When) 4. There are a lot of passengers in the terminal because they are waiting for the airport bus. (Who, How many, Why) 5. There is a sales department in his tourist company. (What, What kind of..., In whose) 6. There are a lot of discounts because it’s a low season. (How many, Why) 7. There is a charter flight to Antalya at 6 o’clock in the morning. (What, What kind of..., When, What time) 8. There are a lot of contests in the entertainment programme because the travellers want them. (What, How many, Why) 4. Open the brackets: 1. There (to be) some major tour operators in this country. 2. There (to be) a tour operator in this destination. 3. There (to be) a folder, a thick travellogue and some timetables on the desk. 4. There (to be) some timetables, a thick travellogue and a folder on the desk. 5. (to be) there any tourist companies in your city? 6. There (not to be) any travel consultant in our tourist company. 7. There (not to be) any booking agents in their travel agency. 34

8. (to be) there any escort with this tour group? 9. (to be) there any new tour packages to London in your agency? 10. There (to be) no up-to-date information on air tickets here. 11. What (to be) there in your receipt? 12. What kind of discounts (to be) there this season? 13. Why (to be) there so many discounts? 14. How many travel clerks (to be) there in your tourist information office? 5. Put in some or any. Models: 1) I’m going to buy some apples. 2) They didn’t make any mistakes. 1. I’ve got … money, I can pay. 2. There aren’t … shops in this part of the town. 3. Have you got …brothers or sisters? 4. There are … beautiful flowers in the garden. 5. “Would you like … tea?” “Yes, please.” 6. Don’t buy … rice. We have … . 7. When we were on holiday, we visited … interesting places. 8. Can I have … water, please? I’m thirsty. 6. Make up negative and interrogative sentences using something, somebody, somewhere; anything, anybody, anywhere, nothing, nobody, nowhere. Model: There is somebody in the room. There isn’t anybody in the room. There is nobody in the room. Is there anybody in the room? 1. There is something in my bag. 2. I would like to go somewhere far from here. 3. I have seen something strange in the tent. 4. I’m looking for somebody who loves me. 5. I would like something to eat and drink and somewhere to go. 7. Answer the questions: 1. Have you met anybody strange in your group? 2. Have you seen anything exciting in your life? 3. Have you gone anywhere nice recently? 4. Would you like something to drink? 5. Have you read anything interesting?

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8. Complete the sentences. Use some or any + one of these words: money, shampoo, cheese, friends, languages, milk, problems, air, stamps, work. Model: I haven’t got any money, I can’t buy you a drink. 1. I’m not going to do … … this evening. 2. I want to wash my hair. Is there … … ? 3. I’m going to the post office to get … … . 4. Can you speak … foreign … ? 5. Sorry we are late, we had … … with the car. 6. It’s hot in this office. I’m going out for … fresh … . 7. Can I have … … in my coffee, please? 8. Yesterday I went to a restaurant with … … of mine. 9. “ Would you like … … ? ” “ No, thank you. I’m not hungry.” 9. Translate these sentences into Russian. Work out the rule about how we use a lot / much / many / little / few. 1. I drink a lot of coffee. I’ve got a lot of friends. 2. I don’t drink much coffee. I haven’t got many friends. 3. Do you drink much coffee? Have you got many friends? 4. I drink little coffee. I’ve got few friends. 1. How much money have you got? How many cars have you got? 2. There is a lot of food in the fridge. There are a lot of trees in the garden. 3. She has got little spare time. She has got few English books. 4. He drank a little water. He wrote a few letters. 5. There isn’t much milk in the glass. There aren’t many apples on the table. 10. Put in a lot / a lot of / much / many. Model: Do you drink much tea? 1. There aren’t … old buildings in modern cities. 2. There isn’t … milk in the fridge. 3. It costs … money to travel round the world. 4. Please, be quick! I haven’t got … time. 5. How … foreign languages can you speak? 6. The teacher didn’t ask me … questions. 7. We saw … interesting things in the museum. 8. Pete knows … about economics. 9. We went on a cheap holiday. It didn’t cost … .

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11. Put in a little or a few + one of these words: air, chairs, days, friends, houses, mineral water, Russian, times, money, people. Model: “When did John go away?” – “A few days ago.” 1. He’s not well-known … … have heard of him. 2. “Are you going out alone?” – “No, I’m going with … … .” 3. “Have you ever been in Rome?” – “Oh, yes. … … .” 4. I live in a very small village. There is a church, a shop and … … . 5. I’m going out for a walk. I need … fresh … . 6. “Can I have some juice?” – “No, we have only … … .” 7. There wasn’t much furniture in the room – just a table and … … . 8. “Do you speak any foreign languages?” “Yes, Italian and … … . 9. They are not rich. They have … … to live. 12. Translate from Russian into English; 1. В этом универмаге находится точка розничного сбыта туристской компании. – Здесь есть какие-нибудь брошюры и каталоги путешествий? – Здесь нет толстых каталогов, но имеется несколько раскладывающихся проспектов. 2. В вашем городе есть какие-либо туристские достопримечательности? – У нас в городе имеется выставка и несколько музеев. – Какие музеи у вас в городе? – В городе есть два художественных музея. 3. Что находится на стеллажах у них в офисе? Там есть расписание на летний сезон? – На стеллажах находится много бесплатных брошюр. Но там нет новейшего расписания. 4. Сколько служащих в этой туристской компании? – В этой компании имеется менеджер, несколько турагентов и бухгалтер. – Сколько у них гидов и сопровождающих? – Там нет гидов и сопровождающих. Менеджер нанимает их на работу только в высокий сезон. 5. Что имеется в новом каталоге путешествий? – Там несколько новых инклюзив-туров и информация об отдельных услугах. – Есть ли какие-нибудь скидки? – Есть скидки на детей до 12 лет. Взрослым туристам скидки не предоставляются. 6. В вашем туристском центре имеется аэропорт, не так ли? – Нет, вы ошибаетесь. Здесь нет аэропорта, но недалеко от нашего курорта имеются речной порт и автобусная станция.

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UNIT III STAGES IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ACTIVE VOCABULARY Part 1

boat broadening camel canoe caravansary inn kayak means merchant mode motor-car nomad pilgrim raft steamship tavern team of dogs team of horses trader

лодка познавательный верблюд каноэ караван-сарай, постоялый двор постоялый двор, недорогая гостиница каяк средство, средства купец способ автомобиль кочевник паломник плот пароход таверна собачья упряжка конная упряжка торговец

Part 2

adventurer age to appear to assist available capital common to cooperate crucially desert distance domestic to elect to emerge

искатель приключений эра, период, эпоха появляться содействовать доступный, имеющийся в наличии столица простой сотрудничать кардинально, существенно пустыня расстояние внутренний выбирать (избирать) возникать 38

enterprise to expand explorer General Assembly to get familiar with government health resort inland waterways intergovernmental joint-stock company journey jet plane meals noble outset overseas trip to own paid holidays purpose recreation reputable society spa to stick to supreme body to take place to tour treatment The United Nations well-off well-to-do The World Tourist Organization

предприятие расширять, расширяться исследователь Генеральная ассамблея знакомиться правительство, правительственный оздоровительный курорт внутренние водные пути межправительственный акционерное общество путешествие реактивный самолет питание знатный, титулованный начало зарубежная поездка владеть оплачиваемый отпуск цель отдых признанный общество курорт минеральных вод придерживаться чего-либо высший орган иметь место, происходить совершать путешествие лечение Организация Объединенных Наций (ООН) состоятельный обеспеченный Всемирная туристская организация Pre-reading tasks:

1. Match up: 1) art 2) spare 3) inland 4) weather 5) jet

a) waterways b) resort c) covering d) holidays e) time 39

6) health 7) paid 8) hard

f) gallery g) conditions h) plane

2. Cross out one odd term in each line: 1) pilgrim, nomad, explorer, adventurer, desert, trader, merchant; 2) motor-car, raft, boat, canoe, steamship, mode, kayak; 3) meals, means, arts, overseas, races, waterways, sports, sales; 4) leisure centre, resort, spa, travel destination, health resort, society, holiday centre; 5) outset, to elect, to tour, to expand, to appear, to emerge. 3. Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (3 terms in each group: Pilgrim, inn, races, jet, adventurer, health resort, raft, caravansary, recreation, nomad, tavern, steamship. Means of traveling

Lodging

Travellers

Holiday-making

4. Work in groups. Explain the following words. a raft, a spa, a nomad, a merchant, a pilgrim, a steamship, an inn. 5. Read the dialogue with good intonation: A: I like traveling, and you? B: Me too! By the way, do you know how it all started? When did people start traveling? A: As you probably know, it was long ago. The first travelers were nomads, pilgrims and traders. B: How did tourism develop? A: It developed with the development of transport means. B: The first travelers used to travel on rivers, lakes, channels and seas, didn’t they? A: Yes, you are right. It goes without saying that the first means of transport were boats, kayaks, canoes and rafts. B: Then first ferries and steam-ships appeared, I believe. A: Right, and only then trains and cars became popular. B: I think I understand the reason. Traveling by motor-cars didn’t depend on the weather conditions. A: Quite so! Then planes appeared. They became very popular because of speed, comfort and convenience. B: Ye, I prefer traveling by plane to other means of transportation. A: I’m sorry, but I have to hurry. Let’s meet at the weekend and talk! 40

B: All right! Call me! Bye! A: See you! 6. Complete the table using facts and your ideas related to the topic: Answer the questions: 1. When did people start traveling? 2. How did tourism develop? 3. What helped tourism to develop? I don’t know I am not sure

Perhaps Probably

I know I’m sure

7. Make a list of means of transport which you know. What kind of transport do you like/prefer to travel by and why? Use the following structures and adjectives: I like travelling by … because it is … ship fast / slow train comfortable / uncomfortable plane expensive / cheap car safe / dangerous bicycle easy to use / hard to use 8. Play the game: name as many means of transport as you know. (one by one, the last student is the winner). Reading TEXTS Read the texts: 1. HOW IT ALL STARTED People started travelling long ago. The first travellers were nomads and pilgrims, merchants and traders. They travelled along rivers, lakes and seas. The first travellers used simple means of travelling: boats and ferries on the water and camels in the desert. The most famous travellers were explorers. Among them were Marco Polo from Venice in the 13th century, Afanasy Nikitin from Russia, Christopher Columbus and Vasco de Gama from Portugal in the 15 th century, Magellan from Spain, Amerigo Vespucci from Italy in the 16th century, James Cook from England in the 18th century and other adventurers. They made journeys to Asia, Africa and America. 41

Travel grew and developed as long as means of transport kept on growing. With the 19th century the age of modern trains came. In the late 19 th century motor-cars appeared. The age of airplanes changed travel crucially. In the early 20 th century jet planes emerged. They made air travel available to all people. Air travel is the most convenient and the fastest mode of travelling. Passengers eat, sleep, watch movies, listen to music on airplanes. Answer the questions:

1. When did people start travelling? 2. Who were the first travellers? 3. What means of travelling did they use? 4. Who were the most famous travellers? 5. What kind of journey did they make? 6. Why did travel grow and develop? 7. What were the new means of traveling in the 19th century? 8. What kind of transportation emerged in the 20th century? 9. What are the advantages of air travel? 2. TOURISM IN THE 19TH CENTURY In the 19 th century tourism was mainly for the rich. They had enough money and spare time for travelling. Not many working people in Europe had paid holidays. Well-to-do people used to take tours to France, Germany, Switzerland and Austria. They spent time at famous sea resorts in France. They went to health resort and spas of Germany for recreation and treatment. They traveled to the resorts in the mountains of Switzerland and Austria. In the early 19th century tourists used to travel by trains and steamships. In the first half of the 19th century steamships used to move within inland waterways only. But in the second half of the century they started covering longer distances. The steamships carried passengers on all oceans and seas of the world. Answer the questions: 1. What was tourism in the 19th century like? 2. What kind of tours did well-to-do people use to take? 3. Where did they use to travel? 4. How did they use to travel? 5. Where did steamships move in the first half of the 19th century? 6. Where did they move in the second half of the 19th century?

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Complete the diagram using the information from the texts. THE 19TH CENTURY before who travelled

after who travelled

by (means of transport)

by (means of transport)

to (country)

to (country)

why (reason)

why

(reason)

Work in pairs. Compare means of transport in the 19 th century with the modern ones. A model: The steamship is much slower than the plane. 3. THOMAS COOK COMPANY Thomas Cook Company is the oldest travel company in the world. As a matter of fact, Thomas Cook from England opened the age of organized tourism. It started in 1841 when Thomas Cook arranged the first trip for 570 Englishmen by railway. In 1843 he organized the first group tour by train. This time he provided tourists with meals and tickets for the races. So it was the first package tour. Later on Thomas Cook made arrangements for organized visits to the First International Exhibition, opened in London in 1851. The tourists came from different parts of England. 43

All those were domestic tours. However, he decided not to stick to domestic tourism only. Four years later, in 1855 Thomas Cook arranged the first overseas trip to the Exhibition in Paris. After that regular trips started to other countries of Europe. Thomas Cook continued expanding his travel business. In 1866 he arranged the first trip of two groups of Englishmen to the USA. He set up the first travel agency. Thomas Cook Company is still very active on the travel market. Answer the questions: 1. What is Thomas Cook Company? 2. When did Thomas Cook arrange the first trip? 3. What was the first package tour like? 4. What kind of arrangements did Thomas Cook make in 1851? 5. What was the first overseas trip by Thomas Cook? 6. What kind of travel business is Thomas Cook Company? 4. THE OUTSET OF TOURISM IN RUSSIA In the 18th century (1777) the first organized group of young men from noble families of Russia made the first trip abroad. They toured around Germany, Switzerland, Italy and France. The purpose of the tour was to get familiar with local universities and art galleries. In the same 18th century the first guide books for leisure travellers on Moscow and St. Petersburg were published. Those manuals gave details of sights and art collections in the old and the new capitals of Russia. The country’s first national travel agency emerged in St. Petersburg in 1885. It was founded by L. Lipson. The travel agency got the name of ‘Enterprise for Public Travel to All Parts of the World’. In 1901 the Russian Tourist Society came into being. However, only welloff noble people were its members. After the October Revolution tourism in Russia involved common people, too. As a matter of fact, our reputable the “Intourist” Joint-Stock Company, which used to deal with international tourism during the Soviet period, was organized as long ago as in 1929, too. Answer the questions: 1. When did the first organized group in Russia make the first trip abroad? 2. What kind of group was it? 3. Where did they travel? 4. What was the purpose of the tour? 5. What sort of guide books were published in the 18 th century? 6. When did the first national travel agency of Russia emerge? 44

7. When did tourism in Russia start involving common people too? Find these words and expressions in the text, translate them, give synonyms. Make up your own sentences. to get familiar with to make a trip to be published to give details of to be founded to come into being to deal with well-off 5. THE WORLD TOURIT ORGANIZATION Tourism is global nowdays. Tourist boom started in the 1960s. In 1963 the United Nation conference on international travel and tourism took place in Rome. The General Assembly of the UN proclaimed 1967 as the Year of International Tourism. In 1975 the United Nation established the World Tourist Organization (WTO). It emerged on the basis of the International Union of Official Tourist Organizations. The WTO is the international intergovernmental organization. Actually, it is a worldwide group of governmental organizations. It deals with promoting tourism throughout the world. It assists countries in the development of national tourism. The supreme body of the WTO is the General Assembly. It holds its session every two years. It elects the General Secretary for the period of four years. The WTO cooperates with the United Nations and many government and non-government organizations. Answer the questions: 1. When did tourist boom start? 2. When and where did the United Nation conference take place? 3. What was the year 1967 noted by? 4. When did the UN established the WTO? 5. What kind of organization is it? 6. What does the WTO deal with? 7. What kind of organizations does the WTO cooperate with? After-reading tasks: 1. Match the terms with the definitions: 1. a raft

a) a person who travels to an important religious place

45

2. a nomad

b) a place where mineral water comes out of the ground and where people go to drink the water

3. a spa

c) a place that provides accommodation, food and drinks for travellers

4. a merchant

d) a large passenger boat powered by steam

5. a pilgrim

e) a flat boat made of pieces of wood or logs tied together

6. a steamship

f) a person who has no permanent place to live

7. an inn

g) a person who travels buying and selling goods

2. Pick out the right definition: 1. a desert a) a sweet dish at the end of a meal b) a vast dry area c) an old–style hotel d) a popular place for holiday–making 2. an overseas trip

a) a tour abroad b) a boating tour c) a cruising tour d) a round–the-world tour

3. a resort

a) a place of residence b) a hotel at the seaside c) a pleasant occupation for spare time d) a popular place for recreation and treatment

4. well-off

a) well–done b) well–to–do c) well d) not welcome

5. an enterprise

a) any private or public business company b) a public business company c) a private business company d) a joint–stock company

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3. Fill in the blanks: nomads, explorers, available, recreation, well–to–do, domestic, noble, capital 1. The most famous travellers were … 2. Jet planes made air travel … to all people. 3. The first travellers were … 4. … people used to take tours to France. 5. They went to sea resorts for … 6. He organized … tourism. 7. St. Petersburg gave art collections in the old … of Russia. 8. The first organized group from … families made a trip abroad. 4. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Когда начался туристский бум? – Я думаю, он начался приблизительно 30–40 лет назад. 2. Где проводили время обеспеченные туристы в прошлом веке? Они вообще ездили за рубеж? – Конечно, ездили. Они отправлялись в поездки во Францию, Германию, Швейцарию и Австрию. – Что они там делали? – Они проводили время на оздоровительных курортах и курортах на минеральных водах. Они ездили туда на отдых и лечение. 3. Томас Кук стал известен в Англии в середине XIX века. – Чем он стал известен? Что он сделал? – Он организовал первую туристскую поездку по железной дороге. – Он основал первое в мире турагенство. 4. Какими видами транспорта пользовались первые путешественники? – Это были простые лодки и паромы на воде и верблюды в пустыне. 5. Когда был опубликован первый путеводитель по Москве? – Он появился 19 октября 1792 года. Speaking 1. Make up a presentation on the topics: 1) The first travelers; 2) The developing of tourism in the 19th century; 3) The outset of tourism in Russia; 4) The World Tourist Organization Use the following phrases of begin the speech: Today we are going to talk about… The subject of our today’s discussion is… This afternoon I’d like to deal with... The first thing we have to consider is… Let’s begin by looking at … 47

Now, let’s look at… Perhaps, we should first look at… Well, you know that… I expect you already know something about… Perhaps, you’ve already heard something about… Tell us what you know about… Could you just tell us…? 2. Discuss pages from the history of tourism in pairs using the following words and word expressions: I was really impressed with… I don’t mind talking about… In particular… As you probably understand… It goes without saying… Don’t rush the events! In our modern sense… You are pretty well informed. That’s a reasonable question. There is no doubt… GRAMMAR EXERCISES 1. PAST SIMPLE 1.1. Translate these verbs into English, put them in the Past Simple. 1. открывать, переводить, появляться, заканчивать, владеть, длиться, путешествовать, обсуждать, возникать, изучать 2. быть, проводить, приходить, давать, делать, ездить, брать, получать 1.2. Make up negative and interrogative sentences. Model: He opened the window in our room before the lesson yesterday. He didn’t open the window in our room before the lesson yesterday. Did he open the window in our room before the lesson yesterday? – Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. 1. Ann translated a lot of foreign letters at the office last week. 2. I finished work at six o’clock the day before yesterday. 3. You studied German five years ago. 4. They discussed a lot of articles from French magazines last weekend. 5. They owned a tourist company last year. 6. I travelled all over the world when I was ten. 7. Our lessons lasted forty minutes. 8. This tourist company emerged ten years ago. 1.3. Put the following sentences in the Past Simple. Model: My working day lasts eight hours. My working day lasted eight hours yesterday. 1. Do you often get letters from your friends? 48

2. He comes home at seven o’clock in the evening. 3. We discuss a lot of questions with the students at the lessons. 4. Do they often stay at school after the lessons? 5. People travel to different countries on holidays. 6. Different companies usually emerge in the tourist business. 7. We don’t often translate articles from the papers. 8. Our meetings don’t last more than an hour. 1.4. Make up special questions. Model: The tourists spent their holidays at the health resort last season. (Who, What, What kind of…, Where) Who spent their holidays at the health resort last season? What did the tourists do last season? What kind of resort did the tourists spend their holidays last season? Where did the tourists spend their holidays last season? 1. Thomas Cook Company was well-known in Russia in the 19th century. (What, Where, When) 2. Tourist boom started about 30 or 40 years ago. (What, When, How long ago) 3. Steamships carried passengers on all oceans of the world. (What, Whom, What kind of …) 4. The rich went to German health resorts for treatment and recreation. (Who, Where, Why) 5. The WTO emerged in 1975. (What, When) 6. Thomas Cook provided his tourists with meals and tickets for the races. (Who, Whom, What) 7. The first motor-cars appeared in the late 19th century. (What, When) 8. The first travellers used simple boats on the water and camels in the desert. (Who, What, What kind of…) 1.5. Open the brackets: Model: We went (go) to France last year. 1. We ___ (make) a tour of France last year. We ___ (not stay) in any city for more than one day. It ___ (be ) a coaching tour. 2. Where your customers ___ (spend) their holidays? They ___ (go) to a spa? 3. A month ago our company ___ (put) a new tour together. We ___ (not advertise) it in mass media. We ___ (include) it in our new travelogue. 4. They ___ (set) up a new tourist company and ____ (do) market research last year. 5. You ____ (cooperate) with major tour operators a couple of years ago? – No, we didn’t. 49

6. The first steamships ____ (not cover) long distances. They ____ (move) on inland waterways. 7. Your tourism manager ____ (travel) anywhere last year? – He _____ (not take) his paid holidays last year. He_____ (have) a lot of work to do. 1.6. Make up 10 sentences about your last weekend. 2. USED TO I used to travel a lot. Раньше я много путешествовал. Did you use to work in summer? Ты имел привычку работать летом? Не didn’t use to travel abroad. Он не имел обыкновения путешествовать за рубеж. 2.1. Translate from English into Russian: 1. Boats and ferries used to be very important for the first travellers. 2. Did boats and ferries use to be the only means of travelling in the past? 3. Well-to-do tourists used to travel to Germany, France, Switzerland and Austria. 4. Common people didn’t use to travel abroad at all. 5. Rich travellers used to spend time at famous sea resorts. 6. Did they use to go to health resorts and spas in Germany? 7. How did they use to travel? 8. In the early 19th century tourists used to travel by trains and steamships. 9. Before the 19th century steamships didn’t use to carry passengers on all oceans and seas. 10. Did steamships in the first half of the 19th century use to move within inland waterways? 2.2. Transform the Past Simple Tense into the Past Habitual Tense: MODEL: We travelled a lot when we were young. - We used to travel a lot when we were young. 1. She was a tour guide. 2. She was a free-lancer. 3. She didn’t work full-time. 4. She took a lot of tours. 5. Did she travel a lot? 6. I worked as a travel agent five years ago. 7. I worked part-time. 8. I didn’t work in low season. 9. My friends didn’t work as animators. 10. Did they arrange contests? 50

11. Did you earn much? 12. Where did you work? 2.3 Translate from Russian into English: 1. Обеспеченные путешественники имели обыкновение отдыхать на курортах Европы. 2. Что ты и твои однокурсники обычно делали во время каникул? Мы обычно работали в турагентствах. 3. Раньше я не имел привычку путешествовать на самолете. Я обычно ездил поездом. 4. Каких клиентов вы раньше обслуживали? 5. Какие туры они раньше разрабатывали? 6. Она никогда раньше не делала ошибок. 7. Эта туристская компания раньше рекламировала свои туры по телевидению. 8. Я никогда раньше не работал билетным агентом. 9. Мы не имели привычку ездить на курорты с минеральными водами несколько лет назад. 10. Такие проблемы раньше не возникали. 11. Где раньше проходили собрания сотрудников вашего турагентства? - Наш менеджер имел обыкновение собирать служащих у себя в кабинете. 12. Раньше у него не было привычки ходить на бега, не так ли?

3. Degrees of Comparison 3.1. Write the comparatives and superlatives. Models: easy – easier – the easiest; wonderful – more wonderful – the most wonderful a) lazy, silent, loud, happy, bad, far, good, beautiful, expensive, careful, polite b) quickly, suddenly, heavily, quietly, well, fast, late, early, nervously 3.2. Choose the proper form (an adjective or an adverb). Two variants are possible. 1. You shouldn’t be so … a) lazy c) lazily b) lazier d) the laziest 2. The guide seemed to be a … person. a) silently c) silence b) silent d) silencer 3. She was crying … a) silently c) more silent 51

b) silent d) silence 4. Could you make the music …? I like this song. a) the loud c) a bit louder b) the loudest d) much loud 5. How did John behave? He behaved … a) bad c) worst b) badly d) worse 6. Sue is smiling. She feels … a) happy c) the happiest b) happily d) happier 7. This apartment is … a) convenienter c) much more convenient b) more convenienter d) much convenient 8. I’d like to introduce you to my … brother. a) elder c) the older b) older d) old 9. Our destination is a little … a) far c) further b) farer d) farther 3.3. Fill in the gaps using the appropriate degree of comparison of adverbs and adjectives in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian: 1. Women are (1) … (careful) drivers than men. 2. The (2) … (soon) you come, the (3) … (good) it is. 3. The manager knows (4) … (good) way to solve the problem. 4. The activity of that firm is (5) … (successful) than it was 2 years ago. 5. Is new equipment as (6) … (reliable) as old one? Sure. And it is much (7) (up-to-date). 6. If you want to lose weight you should eat (8) … (little) bread and walk (9) … (many). 7. That is one of (10) … (bad) transportation companies I know. 8. Donald is neither (11) … (polite) nor (12) … (generous). 9. Your record is (13) … (bad) than mine. 10. We have no (14) …(far) information. 3.4. Make some sentences (some true, some false). Ask other students if they are true of false. Use these structures: … has got more wheels than … … hasn’t got as many wheels as … … can carry more people than … …can’t carry as many people as … … is (much) faster/heavier than … … costs (much) more than … … doesn’t cost as much as … 52

… is the fastest/ slowest/heaviest … 3.5. Translate the following sentences into English: 1. Сегодня погода не такая хорошая, как вчера. 2. Я слушал оба доклада, первый был гораздо интереснее второго. 3. Мне очень понравилось мое пребывание в Англии. 4. Чем больше он старался (делал), тем больше ошибок он делал. 5. Этот путь до озера длиннее, но гораздо удобнее. 6. К сожалению, он пришел на вокзал слишком поздно и опоздал на поезд. 7. Не спешите. Еще совсем не темно. 8. Он быстро добежал до дальнего края площадки. 9. Это самый дорогой тур, но далеко не самый лучший. 10. Давайте навестим Анну. Она плохо чувствовала себя вчера. 3.6. Translate the following English proverbs and sayings: 1. East or west, home is best. 2. Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow. 3. Better late than never. 4. The early bird catches the worm. UNIT IV TYPES OF TOURISM ACTIVE VOCABULARY Part 1 adventure tourism bird-watching botany business tourism cookery cruise tourism cultural tourism to depend on to devise domestic tourism ecological tourism educational tourism expensive to gamble gambling hiking hitch-hiking

приключенческий туризм наблюдение за птицами ботаника деловой туризм кулинария круизный туризм культурно-познавательный туризм зависеть от придумывать, разрабатывать внутренний туризм экологический туризм образовательный туризм дорогой, дорогостоящий играть в азартные игры азартные игры, игорный бизнес пеший туризм туризм автостопом 53

holiday tourism horse riding international tourism incoming tourism island motor racing outgoing tourism painting pilgrimage tourism pole retired people to share to sort out special-interest tourism sports tourism surroundings survival third-age tourism uninhabited

каникулярный туризм верховая езда международный туризм въездной туризм остров автогонки выездной туризм живопись паломнический туризм полюс пенсионеры делить, совместно владеть сортировать, классифицировать специализированный туризм спортивный туризм окружение, окружающая обстановка выживание туризм лиц третьего возраста необитаемый

Part 2 amusement park animation programme answering service to attend benefit boating bonus communications convention tourism cruising cycling data to define difficulty diving equipment to exceed facilities fair familiarization(FAM) tourism

парк развлечений анимационная программа служба секректарей на телефоне посещать, присутствовать на польза, благо, привилегия, преимущество путешествие на лодке премия средства связи конгрессный туризм круизные путешествия велотуры данные характеризовать, давать определение трудность ныряние оборудование, оснащение, инвентарь превышать, перевыполнять база, удобства, средства обслуживания, возможности ярмарка ознакомительный туризм 54

fitting- centre holiday camp holiday-maker to improve incentive tourism itinerary to keep physically fit leisure tourism mission motoring mountain tourism mountaineering negotiations overnight pleasure tourism post-convention tour pre-convention tour prepаration provision quota rafting to require responsibility to retire reward route secretarial services to set a target sporting tour to spread out to stay to sunbathe swimming pool theme park trade fair training travel expenses water tourism

тренажерный зал лагерь отдыха отдыхающий улучшать, совершенствовать поощрительный туризм спланированный маршрут поддерживать физическую форму досуговый туризм миссия, делегация автотуризм, путешествия на автомобиле горный туризм альпинизм переговоры в ночное время каникулярный туризм, туризм с целью отдыха постконгрессный тур предконгрессный тур подготовка предоставление, обеспечение норма сплав по рекам на плотах или резиновых лодках требовать ответственность уходить на пенсию вознаграждение маршрут услуги секретаря ставить задачу спортивный тур распространяться останавливаться, проживать загорать бассейн тематический парк торговая ярмарка тренировка, обучение дорожные расходы водный туризм

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Pre-reading tasks:

1. Match up: 1. holiday 2. answering 3. natural 4. sporting 5. overnight

a) service b) surroundings c) accommodation d) camp e) equipment

2. Cross out one odd term in each line: 1) expenses, secretarial services, communications, goods, facilities, surroundings, negotiations; 2) expensive, international, cultural, cookery, ecological, educational; 3) training, motoring, gambling, mountaineering, cycling, cruising, hiking; 4) to depend on, to devise, to report to, to sort out, to spread out, to deal with, to slow down; 5) itinenary, tour, destination, quota, route, tour package. 3 Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (3 terms in each group): Diving, outgoing, sight, third-age, travel expenses, boating, theme park, negotiations, survival, reward, mission, amusement park, rafting, secretarial service, bonus. Money matters

Places of interest

Types of tourism

Business tourism

Water tourism

4. Read the dialogue and answer the questions in Exersise 5: A: Will you share your knowledge with me? B: What do you want to know? A: Can you tell me how many types of tourism exist? B: There are a lot of them. For example international and domestic tourism, incoming and out-going tourism, recreational and business tourism. A: It means that types of tourism depend on purposes. B: You are quite right! The various purposes are holidays, business, health, study, sports and many more. A: Many people think of tourism as just recreation, don’t they? B: Tourism is not just for pleasure! Traveling on business is a type of tourism too. Other types of tourism are cultural, educational, ecological and adventure tourism. 56

A: Oh. I see there are many of them. What type of tourism do you prefer? B: As for me, I like sports tourism. It’s a type of active holiday. A: What is the purpose of this type? B: The purpose is to exercise and keep physically fit. A: Besides, travelers combine action and relaxation, don’t they? B: You are definitely right! Do you want to join me next week? A: Why not? Where are you going to? B: To the Alps. Let’s go to a café and talk about it in details. A: Ok. Let’s go. 5. Answer the questions: 1. What types of tourism do you know? 2. What types of tourism do you prefer/like? 3. What does the type of tourism depend on? 4. What type of tourism do retired people prefer? 5. What type of tourism do active people prefer? 6. What type of tourism do students prefer? 7. What type of tourism do your parents prefer? Reading: Read the texts: 1. LEISURE TOURISM Leisure tourism is also called pleasure tourism or holiday tourism. It is a type of tourism when a person goes on holiday and doesn’t travel on business. The purpose of tourism in this case is recreation. Leisure travellers look for sun, sea and sand. They want to go sunbathing, diving, snorkeling, swimming and diving. So this kind of travellers go to sea resorts or holiday camps and stay at resort hotels. Leisure travellers enjoy organized entertainment and sport. In a resort hotel there are always swimming-pools, fitting centres, tennis courts, discos. A resort hotel offers its customers contests, concerts, shows, animation programmes for children. Usually it offers tours and visits to different tourist attractions: local sights or amusement or theme parks. Holiday-makers normally travel with their families and children. There are other ways to travel for pleasure: cruising and coaching, motoring and hiking. Answer the questions: 1. What type of tourism is leisure tourism? 2. What do leisure travellers look for? 3. Where do they go on holiday? 4. What do leisure travelers enjoy? 57

5. What does a resort hotel offer? 6. What are other ways to travel for pleasure? 2. SPORTS TOURISM Sports tourism is a type of active holiday. The purpose of a sporting tour is to exercise and to keep physically fit. The travellers enjoy natural surroundings, fresh air and clean water, they combine action and relaxation. Tourist companies offer hiking, cycling, boating, rafting and other types of sporting tours. Very often this tour requires preparation and special training. First the tour instructors plan the itinerary. Then they train the tourists how to use sporting equipment. They explain all the details of the route. They define means of transportation, provision of meals and overnight accommodation. During some tours travelers carry their luggage and sporting eguipment themselves. During some other tours special carriers transfer the luggage for them. It depends on the difficulty of the tour, the tourist destination and the local practice. Within sports tourism there is water tourism, mountain tourism and mountaineering, skiing. Sports tourism is popular all year round. Answer the questions: 1. What type of holiday is sports tourism? 2. What is the purpose of a sporting tour? 3. What do travelers enjoy? 3. What kind of sporting tours do tourist companies offer? 4. How will instructors prepare tourists for tours? 5. What do instructors plan before the tour? 6. Who carries the tourists’ luggage? 7. What does it depend on? 8. What types of tourism are there within sports tourism? 3. BUSINESS TOURISM Business tourism is a travel for business purposes. Business travellers are businessmen and government officials. They often travel to attend a convention, to take part in a conference or a seminar, an international exhibition or a trade fair. There are tourist companies that provide business services: fax, secretarial service, answering service, telephone communications, business meeting arrangements. Business travel is developing faster than other types of tourism in future. Tourist companies collect information on markets and trade partners, provide economic data on monitors, arrange negotiations. 58

Answer the questions: 1. What kind of travel is business tourism? 2. What kind of tourists are business travellers? 3. What business services do tourist companies provide? 4. What business services do tourist companies provide? 5. What do business tourists attend? 4. INCENTIVE TOURISM Incentive tourism means that a business company offers holiday tours to its employees and covers all travel expenses. On the one hand, the company does it as a reward or a bonus to a person for his successful work. On the other hand, the company does it as an incentive for the future. The company hopes that the employee will work even better in future and bring profit to the company. Very often an employer sets a target for an employee: “You will earn a holiday in France for your family if you exceed your quota by 10 per cent next year.” Incentive tourism emerged in the 1960s in the USA. Later on it spread in Europe. But only large progressive corporations offer incentive tours to the employees. In some countries there are special tourist companies, which arrange incentive tours for business corporations. They take great responsibility because incentive tours go under the name of the business corporation. It means that good travel arrangements will improve its reputation whereas bad travel arrangements will shake its reputation. This type of tourism is still a very small part of international tourism. Most probably this type of tourism won’t grow in future. Answer the questions: 1. What does incentive tourism mean? 2. Why does a business company offer incentive tours to its employees? 3. What sort of target does an employer set for an employee? 4. When and where did incentive tourism emerge? 5. What kind of companies offer incentive tours? 6. How popular is this type of tourism? 5. FAMILIARIZATION TOURISM Familiarization tourism is often called just FAM tourism. It means that a business company sends its staff on educational tours to its branches or other business companies in other cities and countries. 59

If a travel agency sends its travel clerks on FAM tours it means that they will have educational visits to a tourist destination. There they will get familiar with local facilities, hotels, restaurants and attractions. They will study a tour operator’s or local travel agency’s practice. The main purpose of travel clerks on a FAM tour is to get necessary knowledge from personal experience. When the clerks return home, they will know what to offer and what to explain to their customers about the destination. Some experts say that FAM tourism is a part of incentive tourism. On the one hand, such a tour is an incentive to the travel agency staff selling holidays. On the other it is a benefit to the tour operator which arranges them. FAM tourism is very popular and will become even more popular in future. Answer the questions: 1. What does FAM tourism mean? 2. What do travel agencies send their clerks on FAM tours for? 3. What do travel clerks get familiar with? 4. What is the main purpose of travel clerks on a FAM tour? 5. What will the travel clerks know when they return home? 6. Why will it be more popular in future? After-reading tasks:

1. Match up: 1. holiday 2. answering 3. natural 4. sporting 5. overnight

a) service b) surroundings c) accommodation d) camp e) equipment

2. Match the terms with the definitions: 1. sports tourism a) a type of tourism which involves taking part in meetings, conferences, seminars 2. leisure tourism b) a type of tourism which involves tours with physical training, exercising and keeping fit 3. business services c) a type of tourism which involves holiday for relaxation and entertainment 4. convention tourism d) telephone communications, answering service, fax, telex

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3. Pick out the right definition: 1. hitch-hiking a) cross-country running or skiing b) white-water rafting c) travelling by asking drivers for a lift d) motoring with no driving licence 2. to attend

a) to be present b) to enter c) to come and stay d) to pay a visit

3. itinerary

a) a list of places to be visited during a tour b) a programme of stay c) a route from one place to another d) an inclusive tour

4. data

a) number b) date c) information d) statistics

4. Fill in the blanks: recreation, the itinerary, mission, mountaineering, surroundings, training, data 1. Sporting tourists enjoy exercise and natural … 2. Within sports tourism there is water tourism, mountain tourism and … 3. The purpose of pleasure tourism is … 4. Business tourists travel on different … 5. A sporting tour instructor plan … 6. Sporting tours require preparation and special … 7. Tourist companies will provide business tourists with economic …. 5. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Завтра наши менеджеры будут отбирать и принимать на работу новых турагентов. 2. Мы не будем планировать большую прибыль на будущий год. 3. Сегодня вечером будет интересная развлекательная программа. Это будет программа для детей или для взрослых? – Это будет анимационная программа с конкурсами и с шоу. 4. Где ваша тургруппа будет послезавтра? – Мы будем в горах, мы отправляемся в спортивный тур. – Вас поведет инструктор? – Да, он покажет нам маршрут и объяснит, как пользоваться спортивным оснащением.

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5. Эта туристская компания будет заниматься деловым туризмом и в будущем? - Да, но они не будут организовывать индивидуальные туры для бизнесменов, они будут заниматься конгрессным туризмом. Speaking 1. Make up presentations on topics: 1) Different types of tourism. 2) I prefer Sports Tourism. 3) I am looking for sun and sea. (Leisure Tourism) 4) Convention Tourism. 5) Incentive Tourism. Use phrases: Subject / intermediary phrases I’m going to speak about… I’m going to discuss the point of… I’d like to clear up the point of… I’d like to clear up one more point, that is… As you probably know (understand, realize)… The fact is… The thing is… The point is… As you can see… It’s common knowledge that… It goes without saying that… I must state here that… I must stress the point that… I must point out that… It should be pointed out that… It should be noted that… In the first place…, in the second…, in the third place… On the one hand…, on the other hand… For one thing, … for another… Finally… Thus… Conclusion / closing phrases In conclusion I would like to say that… To conclude I’d like to say that… To finish it up I’d like to say that… Let me sum up what I have said. Let me stop here. Let me thank you now for your kind attention. Many thanks for your kind attention. 62

2. Work in pairs. Tell each other what type of tourism you prefer and why. Use the following phrases: I’m curious to know… Will you share your knowledge with me? I definitely mean that… Your example is quite to the point. That’s understandable! You are so knowledgeable. GRAMMAR EXERSICES 1. FUTURE SIMPLE 1.1. Make up negative and interrogative sentences. Model: The guide will have a new tour group. The guide will not have a new tour group. Will the guide have a new tour group? 1. I will see our new tourism manager. 2. It will take me long to learn English. 3. You will attend the trade fair. 4. Tom will go to the country. 5. We will take a sightseeing tour of Moscow. 1.2. Put the following sentences into the Future Simple. Make up all necessary changes. Model: We often go on holiday in summer. (I think) I think we will go on holiday next summer. 1. The tourists enjoy the animation programme every day. (I’m sure) 2. The students sometimes translate texts at the lessons. (He knows) 3. Jane always goes out on Sundays. (I suppose) 4. The teacher often asks questions after reading the texts. (I expect) 5. The manager controls the results every day. (I’m not sure if) 1.3. Open the brackets, using the Future Simple. 1. I think the business meeting (take) place on Monday. 2. I wonder who (explain) the details of this route to the tourists. 3. I wonder what kind of tour your company (promote) next season. 4. I expect they (advertise) our sporting tour on TV next week. 5. I’m afraid our company (not promote) shopping tours any more. 1.4. Fill in: will, won’t or shall. Mum: Anna! 1) ......Will........... you please stop making so much noise? I 2) .............................. never finish this work if you don’t. Anna: But Mum, what 3) .............................. I do? If I don’t practise, I 4) .............................. pass my violin exam tomorrow. Mum: And I 5) .............................. be in trouble at work if I don’t finish this. 63

Then I 6) .............................. get promoted. Anna: 7) .............................. I go upstairs then? Mum: Thanks, Anna. That 8) .............................. help.

1.5. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple or Future. You 1) …’ll meet… (meet) Agent 205 under the clock at the railway station. When she 2) ……………………. (arrive), she 3) …………………….(give) you an envelope. I don’t know if you 4) …………………….. (recognize) her in her disguise, but if she 5) …………………….. (not/say) the secret code word, you 6) …………………….. (know) she is an enemy agent. You 7) …………………….. (take) the envelope and head for the train to Waterloo Station. When the train 8) …………………….. (come), you 9) …………………….. (get on) it and go to Waterloo. If you 10) …………………….. (miss) the 9.15 train, you 11) …………………….. (have to) get the next one. As soon as it 12) …………………….. (reach) Waterloo, leave the train and take a taxi to the Opera House. You 13) …………………….. (meet) Jenny there, although I’m not sure exactly when she 14) …………………….. (get) there. Give her the envelope. Wait until she 15) …………………….. (drive) off and then go home. We 16) …………………….. (call) you there. Are there any questions? 2. BE GOING TO (intentions) 2.1. Identify the speech situations (sure, not sure yet), then fill in “will” or “be going to”. 1. They ... are going to… play tennis. …………………. (…sure...) 2. They ……… go swimming if the weather is nice. (………………….) 3. He …………….. post a letter to his friend Ben. (…………………) 4. Number 2 ……………….. probably win the race. (…………………..) 5. They ………………………. wash the dog. (………………….) 6. He ………… go to the cinema if he finishes early. (…………………) 2.2. Transform the sentences in the Future Simple into the sentences with be going to. Make all the necessary changes. Model: I think we will study English. – We are going to study English next year. 1. I suppose the students will choose a career. 2. I believe you will work at the Institute. 3. Everybody knows we will find the way out. 4. We are sure Tom will not be upset after the party. 5. We expect the tour operator will not develop a new tour.

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2.3. Write a question with be going to for each situation: Model: Your friend has won some money. You ask: (what / do with it?) What are you going to do with it? 1. Your friend is going to the party tonight. You ask: (what / wear?) 2. Your friend has just bought a new table. You ask: (where / put it?) 3. Your friend has decided to have a party. You ask: (who / invite?) 4. Your friend is going shopping. You ask: (what / buy?) 5. Your friend has decided to cook dinner. You ask: (what / cook?) 2.4. What is going to happen in these situations? Model: There are a lot of clouds in the sky. (rain) It’s going to rain. 1. Tom is leaving his house at 8.30. He has to be at work at 8.40, but the journey takes 30 minutes. (be late) 2. My mother is laying the table. (we / have dinner) 3. Jane is putting her coat and shoes on. (go away) 4. My father is taking the paper and glasses. (read) 5. My friend is having a birthday party. I have bought a present and some flowers. (congratulate) 2.5. Fill in: will or be going to. 1. A: I’ve lost my keys! B: I …’ll…help you look for them. 2. A: Watch out! You ………………… knock the vase over. B: Oh! I didn’t see it. 3. A: This ice-cream is delicious! B: Don’t eat any more. You ……………………… be sick. 4. A: Here’s the waiter! Would you like a drink? B: Yes, please. I ....................................have a glass of water. 5. A: I’ll park the car here. B: Be careful, you …………… hit the wall! 6. A: ……………….. you have a biscuit with your tea? B: No, thank you. I’m on a diet. 7. A: Have you decided what to wear tonight? B: Yes, I ………………. wear my black velvet dress. 8. A: Have you seen John today? B: No, but I ………………… visit him this afternoon.

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3. PRESENT CONTINUOUS (fixed arrangements) 3. 1. Your friend is planning to go on holiday soon. You ask about his plans. 1. What are you doing next holiday? 2. Where are you going? 3. How long are you going for? 4. When are you leaving? 5. Are you going alone? 6. Are you going by car? 7. Where are you staying? 8. What places are you visiting? 3. 2. Open the brackets: 1. What you (do) on Sunday evening? – I (go) to the theatre. 2. What time Cathy (arrive) tomorrow? – I (meet) her at 12.30. 3. I (not work) tomorrow, so we can go out somewhere. 4. Tom (not play) football next Saturday, he has hurt his leg. 5. Alex (get) married next month. 3. 3. Translate the sentences: 1. Мои друзья планируют работать в туристском бизнесе. 2. Когда ты планируешь поступать в колледж? Я не планирую поступать, я студент института Туризма. 3. Что ты делаешь в выходные? – Я еду за город на пикник. 4. Когда приезжает твоя мама? – Завтра, я встречаю её в 8 часов. 5. Ты идешь куда-нибудь сегодня вечером? – Да, я иду в кино. 3. 4. Tell about your plans for the weekend. Model: I am going to the country at the weekend. 3.5. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple, Present Continuous or Future Simple. Bob: 1) …Will you be able… (you/be able) to go skiing with us next weekend? Peter: No, I 2)………………………. (be) in London then. Bob: Really? Why 3)…………….. (you/ go) there? Peter: There’s a very important meeting and after I 4) ……….. (attend) that I 5) ………………… (visit) a friend in Sussex. Bob: Before you 6)……………………. (leave), 7)…………. (you/give) me a ring? There are a few things I’d like you to buy while you 8)…………………… (be) there. Peter: Yes, of course. I 9)…………………….. (ring) you on Friday.

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UNIT V PEOPLE IN HOSPITALITY ACTIVE VOCABULARY Part 1 air-conditioning appliances to assign to assist attitude background music barman bellboy beverage cab cart to check in chef cocktail lounge computer literate concierge cook desk dining hall direction distinctive doorman entrance errand to escort fellow-students fluency fluent fridge to general clean to greet hair-dryer information desk in-house video internship maid major maitre d’hotel,

кондиционер электробытовые приборы отводить, выделять, закреплять помогать отношение музыкальный фон бармен посыльный напиток такси тележка регистрировать шеф-повар бар, коктейль-бар знающий компьютер, владеющий компьютером консьерж, портье повар стойка обеденный зал направление отличительный швейцар вход поручение, задание сопровождать однокурсники беглость беглый холодильник производить общую, генеральную уборку приветствовать фен стойка информации кабельное телевидение практика, стажировка горничная специализация метрдотель 67

maitre d mezzanine neat night’s occupancy outgoing pickup porter range reception desk receptionist

to replace to run errands to seat sign to specify tea-and coffee-making facilities team tidy toiletries towel travel arrangements to unlock to vacate waiter waitress wine-steward

бельэтаж, этаж чистый, опрятный ночевка, загрузка на одну ночь общительный, открытый косметическая уборка носильщик перечень стойка службы приема работник службы приема и размещения, администратор службы приема и размещения гостиницы заменять выполнять поручения, быть на посылках рассаживать указатель, знак, вывеска уточнять приборы для приготовления чая и кофе команда опрятный, аккуратный туалетные принадлежности полотенце организация туристских услуг отпирать освобождать официант официантка сомелье, официант по винам

Part 2 assistant manager babysitter cashier in charge to be in charge of to check up check-in check-in procedure chef’s special to complain complaint to control cuisine

заместитель управляющего сиделка с детьми кассир, оператор по расчетам ответственный нести ответственность за проверять регистрация процедура регистрации фирменное блюдо повара пожаловаться жалоба контролировать кухня, кулинарное искусство 68

dish food and beverage formalities to do formalities front office general manager head chef host hostess hotelier key to mail message night manager owner package pastry chef personnel manager production manager purchase purchase manager to purchase to register register resident manager sales manager sauce chef to sign soup chef specialist chef supervisor to taste vegetable chef

блюдо блюда и напитки формальности выполнять формальности отдела размещения отделы бронирования, приема и размещения и расчетов с гостями отеля генеральный директор главный шеф-повар хозяин хозяйка хозяин или управляющий гостиницы ключ отправлять по почте сообщение ночной управляющий владелец пакет, бандероль шеф-кондитер управляющий персоналом управляющий производством закупки управляющий по снабжению закупать регистрировать журнал регистрации гостей управляющий, проживающий в отеле управляющий по сбыту, коммерческий директор шеф-повар по соусам подписывать, ставить подпись шеф-повар по супам шеф-повар специалист руководитель, управляющий среднего звена пробовать на вкус, дегустировать шеф-повар по овощным блюдам и гарнирам Pre-reading tasks

1. Match up: 1. front 2. travel 3. room 4. registration 5. background 6. chef’s 7. cocktail

a) card b) office c) arrangements d) appliances e) lounge f) music g) special 69

2.Cross out one odd term in each line: 1) computer literate, fellow-students, language fluency, makeup, internship, to choose a major; 2) cart, desk, cab, maid, key, fridge, sign, hair-dryer, towel; 3) waitress, toiletries, errands, maids, appliances, beverages; 4) to meet, to greet, to seat, to escort, to unlock, to assist; 5) information desk, receptionist, porter, cashier, bellboy, doorman, concierge; 6) host, barman, housekeeper, hostess, waiter, bar maid, waitress; 7) to vacuum-clean, to scrub, to complain, to make up, to dust, to general clean, to pick up, to clean. 3 Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (6 terms in each group): Hair-dryer, wine steward, chefs special, background music, maid, bellboy, pasta, porter, in-house video, sauce, maitre d’, air conditioning, waiter, concierge, pastry, barman, fridge, chef, cook, dish, doorman, tea- and coffeemaking facilities, food and beverages, receptionist. Hotel staff

Room appliances

Restaurant staff

Cuisine

4. Read the dialogue and answer the questions: A: Today we are going to talk about people in hospitality. B: A good decision! What do you want to talk about? A: I am interested in hospitality management. It involves hotel and restaurant services, doesn’t it? B: Yes, you are right. It involves all kinds of business which provide accommodations and catering for customers. The range of hospitality employees must be endless. A: As far as I know the first person you see when you enter a hotel is the doorman. He helps the guests in and out of cars. He opens and holds the door for them and carries their luggage. B: I can’t but agree with you, but to my mind the most important person in the hotel is the receptionist. He welcomes the hotel guests, checks them in and assigns them rooms. A: You are absolutely right. But the role of bellboys and porters is important too, isn’t it. B: Yes, I think so. What is the difference in their duties? They seem to do the same job. 70

A: The porter either carries the luggage, or moves it on carts. But the bellboy, according to the name bell and boy, must run errands for the guests. B: Now, it’s clear. One more job that I am interested in is the concierge. As far as I know, this person works at the Information desk and helps guests with the information about the hotel, the city and makes travel arrangements. A: Besides she or he must know some languages, have pleasant telephone manners and outgoing personality. B: Quite so! Don’t forget to mention the maids. They must general clean the rooms when the old guests vacate them and the new ones are expected. They also do the make-up after a night’s occupancy, don’t they? A: That’s very true! Speaking about people in hospitality we can’t but mention the employees working in restaurants. They are waiters, barmen, cooks and wine stewards. B: Besides there is a maitre d’hotel who greets the guests and the chef who is the main person in the kitchen. A: To sum up then, I would say that all professions are good and it’s up to you to decide where to work and what to do. Answer the questions: 1.How often do the maids have to clean the hotel rooms? 2. Is there any difference between the barman and the wine-steward? 3. Who do you think is the main person in the hotel? 4. Who do you think is the main person in the kitchen? 5. Who do you think is the main person in the restaurant? Reading Read the texts: 1. THE RECEPTIONIST The receptionist works in the front office of a hotel. The receptionist is in charge of the check-in. She meets and greets guests, registers guests and assigns rooms to them. The receptionist must ensure that the check-in procedure is brief and convenient. The receptionist must help guests do the hotel formalities. She takes the guest’s name. If the guest is a foreign visitor, the receptionist must take the guest’s passport number. Then she asks the guest to sign the hotel register. In larger hotels the receptionist asks the guests to fill in a registration card and to sign it. She must explain how to do it correctly. The receptionist must send the signed registration card to the cashier’s office. The receptionist answers the phone. She answers questions of visitors who have come to see the hotel guests. She can help the visitors find the hotel guests. 71

She may take messages for the hotel guests when they are not in. In small hotels the receptionist is in charge of room keys.

Answer the questions: 1. Where does the receptionist work? 2. What is the receptionist in charge of? 3. What must the receptionist ensure? 4. How must the receptionist help the guests? 5. What does the receptionist ask the guests to do? 6. What is the receptionist in charge of in smaller hotels? 2. THE CONCIERGE The concierge works at a hotel’s information desk. The concierge must speak a few languages because she has to help guests from other countries. The concierge usually speaks major world languages: English, French, German and Spanish. Sometimes she speaks other languages, too. It depends on the language of the customers whom the hotel receives. The concierge must help guests in all ways. She can give orientations in the city, arrange taxis and sightseeing tours. She can offer entertainment. She can make theatre bookings. She can recommend shops, restaurants and nightclubs. Actually the concierge in a hotel can act as a travel agent: book flights, tours, visits. She may find a guide or a guide-interpreter for the guests, can find a babysitter. The concierge must help guests mail letters and packages. She may even provide paper and a pen for writing letters. In some hotels the concierge is in charge of messages. In some hotels the concierge may be in charge of the room keys. Answer the questions: 1. Where does the concierge work? 2. Why must the concierge speak a few foreign languages? 3. How must the concierge help guests? 4. What can the concierge recommend? 5. How can the concierge act as a travel agent? 6. How can the concierge help parents with children? 7. What is the concierge in charge of in some hotels? 3. THE HOTEL MANAGER The hotel manager is the head of a hotel. He may have the name of the general manager or the managing director.

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The hotel manager may hold a management position in an individual hotel. Or he may work in a hotel chain. In a small hotel the manager maybe the owner of the hotel. But in a large hotel he is just a professional hotelier. For the hotel guests the hotel manager is the host who must offer hospitality to his guests. For the hotel staff the hotel manager is the person who must establish the policy of the hotel and its operations. The hotel manager has to plan and control the hotel business. He has to check up how different hotel departments carry out their functions. Often he has to deal with the hotel guests in person. He has to handle their problems and complaints. There may be different management positions in a hotel: the assistant manager, the resident manager, the night manager. The assistant manager helps the manager and manages the hotel when the manager is not present. The resident manager is the manager who permanently lives in the hotel. The night manager is on duty during the night. Answer the questions: 1. What are other names for the hotel manager? 2. Where may the hotel manager work? 3. What is the hotel manager for the hotel guests? 4. What is the hotel manager for the hotel staff? 5. What does the hotel manager have to do? 6. What may other hotel management positions involve? 4. THE RESTAURANT MANAGER As a rule, the restaurant manager runs a restaurant but he doesn’t own it. The restaurant manager is in charge of the restaurant policy and operations. He has to decide on the image of his restaurant. He has to plan its business. He has to decide on purchases and sales. He hires the restaurant staff and provides their training. The restaurant manager has to meet the guests. He must insure that the guests are happy with the service and have no complaints. In a large restaurant there are other management positions: the purchase manager, the sales manager, the production manager, the personnel manager and others. All these managers report to the general manager. In an individual restaurant the restaurant manager decides on the types of cuisine and the types of menus. In a family-owned restaurant the whole family may be in charge of the restaurant operations. The wife may act as a hostess or a chef. Answer the questions: 1. What does the restaurant manager do? 2. What is he in charge of? 73

3. What does he have to decide on? 4. How can the restaurant manager provide for good staff? 5. Why does he have to see the guests? 6. What are other management positions in a restaurant? 7. What does he decide on in an individual hotel? 5. THE CHEF The chef works in a restaurant or in the food and beverage department of a hotel. A restaurant may have different chefs. At the head of them is the head chef. The head chef is the kitchen supervisor. He manages the kitchen of a restaurant. He has to select menus and to plan the meals. He has to taste the dishes. He also manages the kitchen staff: the chefs, the cooks and the helpers. In a big restaurant there may be different specialist chefs: the soup chef, the sauce chef, the vegetable chef, the pastry chef and others. The soup chef is in charge of making soups. The sauce chef is in charge of preparing sauces. The vegetable chef is in charge of preparing vegetables and pasta. The pastry chef is in charge of preparing pastries and sweet dishes. The chef may have the chefs special. It is a special dish which goes apart from others on the menu. It may be the dish for which the chef or the restaurant is famous. The good name of a restaurant or a hotel’s kitchen may depend on its chef. The reputation of the chef may increase its business. Answer the questions: 1. Where does the chef work? 2. What is the head chef? What does he have to do? 3. Whom does the head chef manage? 4. What sort of specialist chefs may there be? 5. What are specialist chefs in charge of? 6. What is the chefs special? 7. How may the name of a restaurant depend on its chef? After-reading tasks: 1. Match the terms with the definitions: 1. a waiter 2. a bellboy

3. a concierge

a) a person in a hotel who provides personal services for a guest, such as tours and tickets b) a person in a hotel who meets guests, handles the check-in procedure and assigns rooms to them c) a person in a restaurant who manages the 74

4. a wine steward 5. a chef 6. a maid 7. a receptionist 8. a maitre d’hotel

kitchen and the kitchen staff d) a person in a restaurant who meets and seats customers in a dinning-room e) a person in a hotel who shows guests to their rooms and runs errands for them f) a person in a restaurant who recommends and serves wine to customers g) a person in a restaurant who takes orders and brings food to customers h) a person in a hotel who cleans guestrooms and changes bed and bath linen

2. Pick out the right definition: 1) a beverage a) a drink b) an alcoholic drink c) beer d) services of barman 2) a cuisine

a) cooking b) cutlery c) a table-cloth d) a culinary art

3) a chef a) a boss b) a general manager c) a cook d) a chief cook 4) an errand a) a mistake b) a special duty c) a specific task d) a misunderstanding 5) a maid a) a young lady b) a mermaid c) a chambermaid d) a housekeeper 6) appliances

a) electric devices and utensils b) computer hardware c) computer software d) applications

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7) pasta a) rolls and pastry b) spaghetti, macaroni, noodles c) mashed potatoes d) tomato sauce 8) a wine steward

9) a chefs special

10) toiletries

a) a steward serving wines during the flight b) a barman c) an expert in wines d) a sommelier a) a chefs special dish b) a chefs special uniform c) a chefs special menu d) a chef s special course a) men’s and ladies’ rooms b) bath linen c) bathroom supplies d) toilet paper

2. Fill in the blanks: the resident manager a travel agent the assistant manager

the check-in the restaurant manager chain

the receptionist cuisine the chef

1. The hotel manager may work in a hotel …… or in an individual hotel. 2. …… is the hotel manager who permanently lives in the hotel. 3. …… registers hotel guests and assigns rooms to them. 4. …… is in charge of the restaurant policy and operations. 5. The receptionist is in charge of …… . 6. The concierge can act as …… . 7. …… works in the food and beverage department of a hotel. 8. …… manages the hotel when the general manager is not present. 9. The restaurant manager decides on the type of …… . 4. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Управляющий рестораном должен встречать гостей и следить, довольны ли они обслуживанием и нет ли жалоб. 2. Управляющий отелем должен устанавливать политику отеля, планировать и контролировать бизнес, проверять, как работают различные отделы и службы. 3. Работник службы приема должен бегло говорить на двух иностранных языках. 4. Когда я могу вам позвонить? – А чем я могу вам помочь? – Я должен заказать такси в аэропорт на завтра. – Я могу это сделать прямо сейчас. 76

5. Управляющим ресторанами приходится каждый день принимать решения о закупках и продажах. Speaking 1. Give advantages and disadvantages of some jobs in Hospitality, expressing doubt or mild disagreement: You may be right Possible… Do you really think so? Well, that/it depends. Yes, but don’t you think that…? Well, I wouldn’t say that. I can see your point, but… That’s all very well, but… You seem to have forgotten that… I’m not sure about that. 2. Make up a diagram or a spidergram of people in Hospitality. 3. Make up dialogues using these situations: 1. A student is passing an English exam. The question is “People in Hospitality”. He doesn’t know the material and he makes a lot of mistakes. The teacher corrects the student. 2. The receptionist is meeting with the hotel manager. They are discussing their jobs, comparing the duties. 3. The hotel manager hires the employees. He is talking to the applicants explaining the rules and duties. Pay attention on the phrases: I can hardly figure out… May I interrupt you here? Apart from what you said… I can’t but agree with you. What do you have in mind? I’m impressed! As far as I know…

Can I have a word with you? Could you specify? You mentioned… I’m really confused. Besides… It depends. Take your time. Don’t hesitate.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES MODAL VERBS CAN, MAY, MUST, NEED, HAVE TO, SHOULD CAN + I (you, he, she, it, we, they) can speak English. ? Can I (you, he, she, If. we they) speak English? - I (you, he, she, it, we, they) cannot (can’t) speak English.

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MAY + I (you, he, she, it, we, they) may go now. ? May l (you, he, she, it, we, they) go now? - I (you, he, she, it we, they) may not go now. MUST + I (you, he, she, it, we, they) must be here tonight. ? Must I (you, he, she, it, we, they) be here tonight? - I (you, he, she, it, we, they) must not (mustn’t') be here tonight. NEED ? Need I (you, he, she, it, we, they) have it? - I (you, he, she, it, we, they) need not (needn’t) have it. HAVE TO + I (you, we, they) have to do it. He (she, it) has to do it. ? Do I (you, we, they) have to do it? Does he (she, it) have to do it? - I (you, we, they) do not (don’t) have to do it. He (she, it) does not (doesn’t) have to do it. SHOULD + I (you, he, she, it, we, they) should be tidy. ? Should I (you, he, she, it, we, they) be tidy? - I (you, he, she, it, we, they) should not (shouldn’t) be tidy. 1. Make up interrogative and negative sentences: MODELS: + You can translate well. ? Can you translate well? - You cannot translate well. + She has to get up early. ? Does she have to get up early? - She does not have to get up early. 1. Hotel managers have to handle complaints. 2. We may stay here overnight. 3. You must sign this paper again. 78

4. The concierge has to speak different languages during the day. 5. Pastry chefs can cook sweet dishes. 6. The guest may check in now. 7. Tour guides have to answer different questions. 8. The chambermaid must clean the guestrooms now. 9. The room clerk can assign the rooms before noon. 10. The head chef has to taste the dishes many times. 11. It can be true. 12. He may see the general manager now. 13. The receptionist has to give orientations. 14. The bellboys have to carry luggage. 2.Make up special questions: MODELS: 1) The night manager must stay at the hotel at night. Who must stay at the hotel at night? What kind of manager must stay at the hotel at night? What must the night manager do at the hotel at night? Where must the night manager stay at night? When must the night manager stay at the hotel? 2) Hotel guests have to fill in registration cards during the check-in. Who has to fill in registration cards during the check-in? What kind of guests have to fill in registration cards during the check-in? What do hotel guests have to do during the check-in? What do hotel guests have to fill in during the check-in? What kind of cards do hotel guests have to fill in during the check-in? When do hotel guests have to fill in registration cards? 1. The head chef has to plan daily meals. (Who, What kind of..., What) 2. In a small hotel the manager may be the owner of the hotel. (Where, Who, What) 3. The concierge can book theatre bookings. (Who, What, What kind of...) 4. Hotel managers must offer hospitality to their guests. (Who, What, Who... to) 5. In some hotels the concierge may be in charge of room keys. (Where, Who, What, What kind of...) 6. The receptionist must send the signed registration cards to the cashier’s office. (Who, What, What kind of ..., Where ... to) 7. Receptionists may take messages for the hotel guests when they are out. (Who, What, Who ... for, When) 8. The concierge has to speak different foreign languages to the hotel guests. (Who, What, What kind of..., Who ... to) 9. The front office employees must speak foreign languages because they have to help guests from other countries. (Who, What kind of..., What, Why) 10. Booking clerks have to answer a lot of phone calls. (Who, What kind 79

of..., What, How many) 11. The front desk clerks can help visitors in many ways. (Who, What kind of..., What, Whom, How) 12. The receptionist must help guests with the hotel formalities. (Who, What, Whom, What... with, What kind of...) 13. The assistant manager can manage the hotel when the general manager is absent. (Who, What kind of..., What, When) 14. The concierge must help guests with letters and packages. (Who, What, Whom, What... with) 3. Transform the sentences using the modal verb MAY and translate them into Russian (в значении предположения с оттенком неуверенности = ВОЗМОЖНО, МОЖЕТ БЫТЬ): MODEL: 1) Perhaps the hotel manager is at the reception desk now. - The hotel manager may be at the reception desk now. Возможно, менеджер гостиницы сейчас за стойкой службы приема. 2) Perhaps he will be back soon. - He may be back soon. Возможно, он скоро вернется. 1. Perhaps the maitre d’hotel is in the dining-room. 2. Perhaps the receptionist will take the message. 3. Perhaps the guest doesn’t want to leave the key with the concierge. 4. Perhaps my fellow-students will not choose «Hospitality Management» as their major. 5. Perhaps the hostess will greet the new guests at the entrance. 6. Perhaps you know our managing director. 7. Perhaps the guests will like our food and beverages. 8. Perhaps the concierge will help you with the theatre tickets. 9. Perhaps the wine steward is busy at the moment. 10. Perhaps this guest will leave a complaint or perhaps he will not. 11. Perhaps this gentleman is the hotelier or perhaps he is not. 12. Perhaps I will mail the package or I will not. 13. Perhaps the young lady is our escort. 14. Perhaps she will know where to check in.

4. Fill in the gaps with can, can’t or could. Then, say what they express in each sentence: 1. A: Mum, can I go on holiday with my friends this year? (asking for permission) B: I’m afraid you …… . You’re too young. 2. A: Sir, I need to leave work early tonight, if that’s possible. B: You …… leave early if you finish all the work first. 3. A: My mum always said that I was a clever child. 80

B: What do you mean? A: Well, I …… read and write when I was four years old. 4. A: It’s rainy, so we …… go out tonight. B: Well, we’ll stay in then. A: But, I want to do something nice. I’m bored. B: We …… play chess. 5. A: Excuse me? B: Yes. A: …… you tell me the time please? B: Yes, it’s almost two o’clock. 6. A: What skills do you have? B: Well, I …… use a computer and I …… speak two foreign languages. 7. A: What shall we buy Mum for her birthday? B: We …… get a big box of chocolates. 8. A: It’s hot in here ……you open the window, please? B: Of course. 9. A: I’m going to the shops. I won’t be long. B: Alright. A: Do you want anything? B: Yes. …… you get me a magazine? CAN – MAY 5. Read these situations. Make questions with May I … or Can I … as in the example: 1. You want to borrow your friend’s camera. What do you say to him? Can I borrow your camera, please? 2. You want to invite some friends to dinner. What do you say to your mother? 3. You want to speak to your boss. What do you say to him? 4. You and your brother / sister want to play in the garden. What do you say to your father? 5. You and your friend want to go to Helen’s party. What do you say to your parents? 6. Choose the correct answer: 1. I … climb up a ladder at the age of three. A. may B. can C. couldn’t 2. John … play the piano very well now. A. may B. can C. could 3. Mr Green … run very fast when he was young. A. may B. can C. could 4. … you post this letter for me, please? A. may B. can C. can’t 81

5. I … spell my name when I was four years old. A. may B. can’t C. couldn’t 6. … Simon speak Spanish? A. may B. can C. could 7. Cindy … tell the time when she was five. A. could B. can C. may 8. … I have something to eat, please? A. can B. can’t C. couldn’t 9. Diana … swim when she was seven. A. can B. couldn’t C. can’t MUST – HAVE TO – NEED 7. Fill in must or mustn’t: 1. I haven’t got any money. I must go to the bank. 2. It’s raining. You … go out without your umbrella. 3. The road is busy. You … look carefully before you cross it. 4. You … play football in the house, Jack. 5. My tooth hurts. I … go to the dentist. 6. You … eat fruit and vegetables to stay healthy. 7. I … go to the post office. I have a letter to send. 8. You … speak rudely to your parents. 9. You … park here – it’s illegal. 10. We … hurry or we’ll miss the bus. 8. Fill in the gaps with don’t have to/ doesn’t have to / didn’t have to / won’t have to: 1. Tomorrow is Saturday, so I won’t have to go to school. 2. I’ve already finished my project, so I …… do it in the holidays. 3. We bought a takeaway pizza last night, so we …… cook dinner. 4. Tom and Marry have got a washing – machine, so they …… go to the launderette. 5. Steve passed his driving test, so he …… take it again. 6. Sally is very rich, so she …… work. 7. They bought tickets in advance, so they …… wait in the queue. 8. Jane’s mother wakes her up, so she …… use an alarm clock. 9. I have already read the book, so I …… read it again. 10. Sam never makes a mess, so he …… tidy his room very often. 9. Transform the sentences using the modal verb MUST and translate them into Russian (в значении предположения с оттенком уверенности = «ВЕРОЯТНО, ДОЛЖНО БЫТЬ»): MODEL: 1) The hotel manager is probably at the reception desk now. - The hotel manager must be at the reception desk now. 82

Вероятно, менеджер гостиницы сейчас за стойкой службы приема. 2) Не will probably be back soon. - He must be back soon. Вероятно, он скоро вернется. 1. This student is probably in the first year. 2. He will probably choose «Travel and Tourism Management» as his major. 3. The doorman probably knows all the directions. 4. This is probably his mission. 5. He will probably show you the way. 6. The receptionist is probably the most important person in the hotel. 7. You are probably a chambermaid. 8. I am probably mistaken. 9. The concierge will probably come in a minute. 10. The «Information desk» is probably on the mezzanine. 11. She will probably help you with the travel arrangements. 12. She probably has all the information about tours and visits. 13. This young lady is probably our guide. 14. She probably knows where our coach is. SHOULD 10. Fill in should or shouldn’t: 1. You …… eat lots of fruit and vegetables. 2. You …… wear sunglasses at the beach. 3. You …… speak with your mouth full. 4. Peter …… eat so much junk food. 5. People …… light fires in forests. 6. You …… always do your homework. 7. People …… use aerosols. 8. You …… eat so many sweets. 11. Make sentences using should or shouldn’t, as in the example: How to take care of your cat. 1. feed / twice a day You should feed your cat twice a day. 2. leave / outside for a long time. 3. take / to the vet every six months. 4. forget / to fill the water bowl. 5. empty / the litter tray once a week.

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12. Fill in the phrases below: You should I think it’s a good idea Why don’t you I don’t think it’s a good idea Dear Linda, I’m happy to hear that you are moving to Rome. I’m worried though, that you don’t have a place to stay when you get there. 1. ……… to move to Rome, but 2. ……… to stay at a hotel because hotels are very expensive in Rome. May be 3. ……… wait a little while and go when you find a flat. 4. ……… ask your friends there to look for a flat for you? Hope to hear from you soon. Love, Tracy. 13. Underline the correct word: 1. You must / shouldn’t be quiet in class. 2. When in China, you mustn’t / must kiss anyone in public. 3. Speak louder, please. I can’t / can hear you. 4. Must / Can I have a glass of water, please? 5. People should / shouldn’t smoke because it’s bad for their health. 6. You should / mustn’t keep your room tidy. 7. You must / shouldn’t buy pre – packaged food. 8. A: I’m tired. B: You can / mustn’t go to bed early. 9. You mustn’t / can fight in the class. 10. A: Can I go to the cinema? B: No, you shouldn’t / can’t. 14. Insert can, may, must, need, have to: 1. … we use your guide book? - Yes, you… 2. … I answer the phone call on your desk? - No, you…not. I’ll do it myself. 3. I…..explain you the details of the itinerary. I know it perfectly well. 4 You … handle many tour groups in summer? - Yes, I… . Summer is high season here. On the other hand, I … …not work as a guide in winter. 5 Your fellow-students work as guides during their holidays? - No, they…not. They…not speak English well enough. 6 I open the window and smoke here? - I’m sorry, but you…not smoke on the coach. 7....... all your guests sign in the hotel register? - Yes, they…Such are the rules. 8 ……the local guide speak a little slower? - No, she…not. Our coach is leaving in ten minutes. We…hurry up. 9 ………we reserve the table in advance? - No, you…not. You…just drop in any time. 10. Our general manager has got a cold. He …come today or he…not. 11. The night manager… stay awake all night long. 84

12 ......... my roommate go on this sporting tour without preparation? No, he…not. This tour............. …be very difficult for him. –It…be a joke. - No, it is not. 13. I’m a tour guide. I… go to work even at weekends. 14. The resident manager lives at the hotel, so he…not walk long to get to his office. 15. The chef…be in the kitchen now. I saw him there a minute ago. 16 … our maid make up your room right now, sir? - No, she…not. My roommate is sleeping now. 17 … the animator speak foreign languages fluently? - Yes, he…Why… he know foreign languages? – He… communicate with a lot of foreign travelers at his job. 18 … our managing director go on business today? – He…because the business meeting starts at noon sharp. 15. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Работники службы приема этого отеля должны бегло говорить на двух иностранных языках. Таковы правила. 2. Ты умеешь переводить с русского на английский? – Умею. – Ты можешь перевести обзорную экскурсию? – Боюсь, что не могу. 3. Можно мне воспользоваться телефоном в вашем офисе? – Нельзя. Это телефон нашего директора-распорядителя. Он может быть недоволен. 4. Консьержке часто приходится заниматься письмами? – Да. Ей приходится отправлять по почте письма и пакеты. Часто ей приходится принимать сообщения для гостей. 5. Работник службы приема должен приветствовать и встречать гостей. Ему нет необходимости помогать гостю с багажом. Но он должен помочь гостю заполнить бланк регистрации. 6. Можно нам оставить чаевые на столе? - Конечно, можно. 7. Кто может помочь нам заполнить бланк регистрации? – Я могу. Должны ли мы писать печатными буквами? – Нет, в этом нет необходимости. 8. Директорам ресторанов приходится каждый день принимать решения о закупках и продажах. 9. Как часто шеф-повар должен дегустировать блюда? – Я думаю, ему приходится это делать много раз. 10. Мне не приходится принимать решения самому. Я заместитель управляющего гостиницей, и мне приходится это делать, только когда управляющего нет. 11. У нашего местного гида простуда. Должно быть, она сегодня дома. Может быть, она и приедет завтра, а может быть, и нет. 12. Как долго вы должны оставаться в отеле по вечерам? Вам приходится оставаться на ночь, если есть проблемы или жалобы? – Обычно мне не приходится оставаться допоздна. У нас в отеле есть ночной управляющий. Я могу остаться, если он не может решить проблему. 85

13. Когда я могу позвонить вам? – А чем я могу вам помочь? – Я должен заказать такси в аэропорт на завтра. – Я могу это сделать прямо сейчас. 14. Консьержка, вероятно, очень знающий и общительный человек. Должно быть, она знает несколько иностранных языков. Возможно, она поможет нам заказать билеты в театр. Может быть, у нее есть информация об экскурсиях и посещениях. UNIT VI HOTEL SERVICES ACTIVE VOCABULARY Part 1 accountant accounting department to add advertisement attentive back of the house bellman bell service bill to cash cheque costs currency department manager desire to disturb to divide to draw up duty manager to exaggerate to exchange external to fire food and beverage department front of the house helpful housekeeping department impersonal intangible

бухгалтер бухгалтерия добавлять, складывать реклама, рекламное объявление внимательный неконтактные службы гостиницы посыльный служба посыльных счет обналичивать Чек затраты, расходы валюта заведующий отделом желание беспокоить делить составлять дежурный менеджер преувеличивать менять, обменивать внешний увольнять отдел блюд и напитков контактные службы гостиницы готовый помочь служба горничных безличный нематериальный 86

internal job applicant job interview laundry limited maintenance department management trainee to match payment peculiarity personal department position poster prospective public publicity to realize recruitment replacement revenues shower specialty drink tangible uncommon to upset valeting valet service

внутренний претендент на должность собеседование для приема на работу прачечная ограниченный отдел материально-технического снабжения менеджер-стажер приводить в соответствие оплата особенность отдел кадров должность плакат перспективныйб потенциальный публика, общественность, население публичность, формирование общественного мнения осознавать, понимать найм служащих, прием на работу замена доходы, поступления Душ фирменный напиток материальный необычный расстраивать, огорчать чистка и глажка (утюжка) гостиничная услуга по чистке и глажке

Part 2 account to air bath linen bell captain burglary chambermaid counter to check out to connect crime danger to deliver messages

счет проветривать ванное белье, банное белье старший посыльный, заведующий службой посыльных кража с взломом горничная стойка выезжать из гостиницы соединять преступление опасность доставлять сообщения 87

to dial to dial direct to direct double room dry-cleaning to dust elevator emergency

emergency exit to empty to expect extra bed fire fire drill fire extinguisher first aid kit flood floor front desk furniture house phone housekeeper housekeeping service in-coming call injury to inspect key drop lobby local call long-distance call lost and found office to make up rooms master key message box occupied out-going call to page to perform a duty to protect purse registration

набирать номер по телефону пользоваться автоматической телефонной связью направлять двухместный номер химчистка вытирать пыль с лифт аварийная ситуация, чрезвычайное происшествие, чрезвычайное обстоятельство аварийный выход выбрасывать, высыпать содержимое ожидать дополнительная кровать пожар пожарное учение огнетушитель комплект первой помощи наводнение этаж стойка отдела приема мебель внутренний телефон гостиницы заведующий службой горничных служба горничных входящий звонок травма проверять отверстие для ключей на стойке приема вестибюль, холл гостиницы местный телефонный звонок междугородний тел. звонок бюро находок делать косметическую уборку мастер-ключ ячейка для сообщений занятый исходящий тел. звонок выполнять функции сопровождающего выполнять задачу охранять, защищать кошелек регистрация 88

regular pay phone to rely on reservation department rest room robbery rollaway room service rubbish safe-deposit box to scrub down security security department security officer shampoo shower cap single room smoke detector soap suite supplies switchboard tissues toiletries to use vacant to vacuum clean valuables to wake-up call wallet warning waste basket

обычный платный телефон полагаться на отдел бронирования туалет общего пользования кража, ограбление раскладушка обслуживание в номере мусор индивидуальный сейф чистить безопасность отдел безопасности начальник отдела службы безопасности шампунь шапочка для душа одноместный номер детектор дыма мыло номер “люкс” расходные материалы коммутатор туалетная бумага, бумажные полотенца туалетные принадлежности пользоваться свободный, незанятый пылесосить, убирать пылесосом ценности побудка бумажник предупреждение мусорная корзина Pre-reading tasks:

1. Match up: 1) key 2) smoke 3) specialty 4) waste 5) wake up 6) fire 7) message 8) emergency

a) extinguisher b) call c) box d) detector e) exit f) drop g) basket h) drink 89

2. Cross out one odd term in each line: 1) bellman, accountant, chambermaid, elevator, telephone operator, housekeeper; 2) valeting, housekeeping, paging, dry-cleaning, bedding, waking up; 3) to vacuum clean, to scrub down, to rely on, to draw up, to wake up, to check out; 4) impersonal, external, attentive, helpful, tangible, personnel; 5) costs, tissues, revenues, messages, rubbish, supplies, valuables; 6) lobby, wallet, suite, restroom, single room, double room 3. Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (5 terms in each group): Position, job applicant, fire extinguisher, soap, to cash, to dust the furniture, personnel department, tissues, bill, smoke detector, job interview, shower cap, to vacuum-clean, to empty a waste basket, revenues, fire drill, shampoo, account, toiletries, to scrub down the bathroom, emergency exit, costs, to make up the rooms, safe deposit box, recruitment. Cleaning

Bathroom supplies

Money matters

Hotel security

Employment

4. Read the dialogue and answer the questions in Exersise 5: A: Let’s talk about hotel services. B: With pleasure. Let’s begin with the front of the house and the back of the house. What do you know about them? A: The front of the house includes departments which deal with administration and customer contact services. They are the front office, the information desk, the bell service. Besides, the accounting and the hotel management are also considered to be in the front of the house. And what do you know about the back of the house? B: The back of the house includes the housekeeping department, the engineering, the maintenance, the food and beverage department, the personnel department, the laundry service, the valet service and others. A: Yes, you are right. But what does the personnel department deal with? Could you remind? B: Of course. The personnel manager deals with recruitment and replacement of staff members. He arranges job interviews for job applicants. A: Ok, now I understand what it is. But don’t forget to mention about the sales department. It is the most important department for the successful hotel operations, because the sales are extremely important for any business. B: I want to add that the main product which hotels sell is hospitality. Hospitality is a combination of tangible and intangible goods: a comfortable bed, a hot shower, a tasty meal, a friendly receptionist, a helpful porter. 90

A: Absolutely. Besides, there are internal and external sales. The internal sates deal with hotel guests, who are already staying at the hotel. As for the external sales they deal with prospective customers. B: How knowledgeable. I’ve heard you are going to work in the sphere of hospitality, aren’t you? A: Yes, you are right. Don’t you want to go to the café and talk about our future plans? B: With great pleasure. 5. Answer the questions: 1. What hotel services do you know? 2. What department can help you with check in / cleaning / using room appliences? 3. Are there any peculiarities in sales of hotel rooms? 4. What can hotels sell? 5. Do you know the difference between the marketing department and the personnel department (the food and beverage department and the housekeeping department)? 6. What does the sales department deal with? Does it deal with promotion, publicity, advertising, accounting, wholesaling or retailing? Reading: TEXTS Read the texts: 1. THE FRONT OFFICE When hotel guests arrive, they expect the front office clerks to offer them a nice welcome. They will want someone to help them in checking-in. The front office is in the lobby of a hotel. It consists of the reservation department and the reception desk or the front desk. The reservation department provides booking of the hotel rooms. The front desk provides sale of rooms, guest registration, key service, message and mail service, guest accounts. Each employee in the front office has got a specific task. The booking clerk will help the guest to arrange a booking. The receptionist or the room clerk will help the guest to check in. When the receptionist watches the guest arrive, he meets and greets him. The receptionist asks the guest to fill in a registration form and assigns a room to him. Before the receptionist assigns a room, he or she will check the guest’s booking and the available accommodations. Most hotels offer single and double rooms. There are also some fine suites. A guest may ask the receptionist to provide an extra bed in a double room for his family member. 91

A hotel guest often wants someone to deliver messages and mail for him. The front desk performs this duty. There is always a rack with message boxes behind the counter. A hotel guest always wants someone to take care of his room key. The front desk will do it. There is often a key drop at the desk. When the guest checks out, he wants someone to help him with accounts. The cashier at the front desk will do it. Every hotel manager relies on his front office to provide brief and convenient checking-in and checking-out. Answer the questions: 1. What do hotel guests expect the front office clerks to do? 2. Where is the front office? 3. What does the front office consist of? 4. What does the reservation department provide? 5. What kind of services does the front desk provide? 6. What is the specific task of the booking clerk? 7. How does the receptionist help the guest to check in? 8. What will the receptionist do before he assigns a room to the guest? 9. What sort of rooms do most hotels offer? 10. Why may the guest ask the clerk to provide an extra bed for him? 11. Why is there a rack with message boxes behind the counter? 12. Why is there a key drop? 13. Who takes care of the guests’ accounts? 2. THE BELL SERVICE When hotel guests check in, they expect someone to show them to their rooms. They also want someone to help them with their luggage. Often guests would like some employee to run errands for them. These are duties of the bell service. At the head of the bell service is the bell captain. The bell captain’s post in next to the front desk. The bell captain directs bellmen. The room clerk gives the guest’s room number and the key to the bellman. The bellman escorts the guest to his room. He escorts the guest to the elevator first and then to the floor. There the bellman shows the guest his room. He must show where the light switches are. He must also explain how to use the room appliances: the TV-set, telephone, air-conditioning. The guest may want him to explain some other hotel services: room services, laundry or dry-cleaning. In many hotels the bellman also carries the guest’s luggage. But some hotels have got porters who must carry the luggage. Very often the bellman or the porter uses a cart to move the luggage. The bellmen also run errands for the guests. They can even page guests in the hotel. You can see a bellman carry a sign with the name of the guest whom he is paging. Or you can hear a bellman call out the name while he is carrying 92

the sign. Answer the questions: 1. What do hotel guests expect when they check in? 2. What are the duties of the bell service? 3. Who is at the head of the bell service? What does he do? 4. Where can hotel guests find the bell captain’s post? 5. What does the bellman do when he receives the guest’s room key? 6. What must the bellman show and explain in the room? 7. Who carries the guest’s luggage in the hotel? 8. How does the bellman page a guest? 3. THE HOUSEKEEPING When guests stay at the hotel they expect somebody to clean their rooms. The housekeeping department does it. At the head of the housekeeping service is the housekeeper. He supervises the chambermaids. Chambermaids prepare the rooms before the guests check in. The housekeeper tells the maids to general clean the rooms or to make up the rooms. He may ask the maids to scrub down the bathrooms or just change the bed linen and the towels. Generally, the maids air the rooms, make the beds, dust the furniture, vacuum clean the floor, wash the bathroom, empty the waste baskets. Chambermaids use carts to carry supplies of toiletries: shampoos, soaps, tissues, shower caps as well as bed and bath linens. There are containers for dirty linen and rubbish on those carts. Chambermaids use master keys to provide security for the hotel rooms. If the guests need extra bedding or rollaways, the housekeeping service will do it. The housekeeping service provides hair-dryers and irons if the guests need them. When guests check out, the housekeeper inspects the rooms. The housekeeper informs the front desk if everything is in order. He also informs which rooms are occupied and which rooms are vacant. Answer the questions: 1. What do hotel guests expect the housekeeping service to do when they stay at the hotel? 2. Who is at the head of the housekeeping service? What does he or she do? 3. How do chambermaids clean the rooms? 4. What do chambermaids use carts for? 5. How do maids provide security for hotel rooms? 6. What other services does the housekeeping department provide? 7. What does the housekeeper do when guests check out? 93

8. What does the housekeeper inform the front desk about? 4. THE TELEPHONE DEPARTMENT When guests stay at the hotel, they often use phones. There is usually the regular pay phone and the house phone. The house phone is the system of phones throughout the hotel. There is usually an operator who operates the switchboard. With the switchboard the operator can control all in-coming and out-going calls. If the guest wants someone to wake him up, to page him, to provide room service for him, or to send a telegram, he will call the operator. The operator can connect the guest with any hotel service: the front office, the housekeeping, the bell service, the room service, or the concierge. The operator has to handle outside calls too. They may be local, longdistance and international. If someone calls from outside to find some hotel guest, the telephone operator will connect him. If the guest is not in at the moment, the operator can take a message for the absent guest. If guests want to make a long-distance or an international call, they may ask the operator to connect them. But they may also dial direct. Answer the questions: 1. What kind of phones are there in a hotel? 2. What is the house phone? 3. What does the operator do? 4. When will the guest call the operator? 5. What departments can the operator connect the guest with? 6. What kind of calls does the operator have to handle? 7. How can the operator help outside callers? 8. How can guests make long-distance or international calls? 5. THE SECURITY DEPARTMENT When guests stay at the hotel, they expect someone to protect them. The hotel security department must protect the guests from all dangers: robbery and burglary, fire or flood. At the head of the hotel security department is the security officer. The guests may keep their valuables in a safe-deposit box. The security department is in charge of it. The security department employees are prepared to protect the guests in case of any crime. Often the guests lose their stuff in the hotel. They may leave their purses and wallets, hand-bags and umbrellas, hats and coats in bars or restaurants, restrooms or lobbies. The security department is in charge of the lost and found office. The security department employees are trained for emergencies. They are 94

prepared to help the guests in case of fire or other dangers. They are responsible for warning the guests of the danger. They are in charge of smoke detectors and fire extinguishers throughout the hotel. The security department provides fire drills for all hotel employees. Each hotel employee knows all emergency exits. In case of an injury there are first aid kits throughout the hotel. The security department is in charge of them too. Answer the questions: 1. What must the hotel security department protect the guests from? 2. Who is at the head of the hotel security department? 3. How can the hotel security department protect the guests’ valuables? 4. How can the security' department protect the guests’ lost items? 5. How are the security department employees prepared to help the hotel guests in case of emergency? 6. How does the security' department take care of the hotel employees? 7. How can the security department help the hotel guests in case of injury? After-reading tasks: 1. Match the terms with the definitions: 1) valeting a) a hotel service that provides delivery of food and beverages to the hotel rooms 2) housekeeping b) a place at the front deskwhere guests can put and leave their room keys while they are away from the hotel 3) wake-up service c) a practice drill in all the procedures to follow in case of a fire in a hotel 4) extra bedding d) a hotel service that provides cleaning of clothes with chemicals 5) dry-cleaning e) a hotel service that involves calling a guest at a specific time to wake him up 6) room service f) a hotel service that provides looking after hotel rooms, especially cleaning and providing bed and bath linen 7) key drop g) supplementary bedclothes, such as mattresses, blankets, pillows, sheets 8) fire drill h) a hotel service that provides cleaning and pressing of clothes

3. Fill in the blanks: the room clerk emergency the telephone operator

a key drop master keys errands 95

the maid suites the front office

the reservation appliances

accounts rollaways

the front desk the housekeeper

1. Hotel guests wish bellmen to run…for them. 2. Most hotels provide single rooms, double rooms and… . 3. Before registers a guest, she will check his booking and available accommodations. 4. …consists of the reservation department and the reception desk. 5. The hotel security department staff must protect hotel guests in… . 6. The housekeeping department provides guests with extra bedding and… for their family members. 7. …is in charge of in-coming and out-going phone calls. 8. When guests check out, they expect the cashier to help them with… . 9. …general cleans or makes up the hotel rooms. 10. …department provides the hotel bookings. 11. There is…for the hotel room keys at the front desk. 12. The bellman explains guests how to use room… . 13. …asks the maids to scrub down the bathrooms or to change the linen. 14. …provides sale of hotel rooms and guest registration. 15. Maids use…to provide security for the hotel guestrooms. Speaking 1. Prepare a presentation on each department of the hotel. 2. In what department of the hotel would you prefer to work and why? Discuss in groups, encouraging partners to take part in the conversation using the following phrases: What do you have to say? What do you think, John? Have you got anything to add to what Jane has said? What else could you say? Any other suggestions (ideas, opinions)? Who agrees (disagrees) with Jane? Would you agree with that, Jane? Don’t you agree, John? Does anybody share John’s opinion? Whose view do you support, Jane’s or mine? Give your reasons. Support what he says? Express a different point of view. What critical comments can you make on what he has said? Can you suggest another solution? Can you think of any other example? I think Jack knows more about it than we do. 96

3. Draw the diagram or a table concerning different departments of the hotel. GRAMMAR EXERCISES THE COMPLEX OBJECT I want you to help me. Я хочу, чтобы ты мне помог. Не wished someone to order a taxi. Он пожелал, чтобы кто-нибудь заказал такси. The customer would like the maid to change his bath towel. Клиент хотел бы, чтобы горничная поменяла его банное полотенце. We expected the tour guide to meet us at the airport. Мы ожидали, что гид встретит нас в аэропорту. Everybody will rely on you to do it in time. Все будут полагаться на то, что ты сделаешь это вовремя. The receptionist asked the guest to spell his name. Администратор попросила гостя произнести свое имя по буквам. The front desk clerks saw me enter the elevator. Работники службы приема видели, как я вошел в лифт. The security officer noticed someone drop a key. Начальник службы безопасности заметил, как кто-то уронил ключ. 1. Translate from English into Russian: 1. Hotel guests wish bellmen to run errands for them. 2. When hotel guests arrive, they want someone to check them in. 3. I would like you to sign your registration card. 4. We’d like your bellman to page our customer. 5. When guests stay at the hotel, they expect the maids to change their bed and bath linen. 6. Room clerks always ask the hotel guests to sign in the register or to fill in a registration card. 7. The hotel manager relies on his front desk employees to provide brief and convenient guest service. 8. I count on you to help me with the luggage. 9. The guide waited for the tourists to arrive. 10. When the receptionist sees a guest arrive, she must greet him and assign a room. 11. The assistant manager heard the guest complain. 12. The customer watched the room clerk check up his booking.

97

2. Say what hotel guests expect, want, would like the hotel staff to do. Use the expressions: MODEL: Hotel guests expect the housekeeping department to provide an iron for them. 1. to provide tea- and coffee-making facilities 2. to assign the rooms 3. to page 4. to reserve a room 5. to protect from danger 6. to general clean the rooms 7. to show room appliances 8. to take a message 9. to book theatre tickets 10. to carry luggage 11. to help with long-distance calls 12. to help in case of injury 13. to scrub down the bathroom 14. to take care of the room key 3. Say what the guide. the room clerk. the maid saw, watched, noticed, heard а/the customer do. Use the expressions: MODEL: The guide saw the customer check in. 1. to get off the coach 2. to sign in the hotel register 3. to reserve a room 4. to order room service 5. to call housekeeping 6. to ask for an extra bed 7. to book a sightseeing tour 8. to lose the purse 9. to find a wallet 10. to use the mini-bar 11. to slip the key into the key drop 12. to come up to the front desk 13. to address the cashier 4. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Наши гости ожидают, что ваши работники службы приема помогут им выполнить гостиничные формальности. 2. Гость хотел бы, чтобы консьержка отправила по почте его пакет. 3. Мы хотим, чтобы вы объяснили нам, как пользоваться домашним 98

видео. 4. Клиент желает, чтобы посыльный выполнял для него функции личного сопровождающего и прислуги. 5. Гость из номера «люкс» на 9-м этаже просит, чтобы мы разбудили его завтра в 6 часов утра. 6. Клиентка просит оператора на телефоне соединить ее со службой горничных. 7. Мы просили вас не убирать в нашем номере сегодня. 8. Они не просили нас чистить их ванную еще раз. 9. Туристы не ожидали, что экскурсовод приедет так рано. 10. Заведующая службой горничных рассчитывала, что горничные уберут все номера до 12 часов дня. 11. Вы желаете, чтобы я заказал вам обслуживание в номере? 12. Когда вы хотите, чтобы носильщик пришел и забрал ваш багаж? 13. Почему вы ожидаете, что гость выедет из гостиницы до 12 часов дня? 14. Гость заметил, что горничная воспользовалась мастер-ключом, когда вошла в его номер. 15. Я услышал, что кто-то позвонил, и попросил посыльного выполнить поручение. 16. Вы видели, что клиент пришел в бюро находок? 17. Когда носильщик видит, что гости несут багаж сами, он предлагает свои услуги и подвозит тележку. 18. Мы не видели, как горничная сделала косметическую уборку нашего номера и выбросила мусор из корзинки. 19. Что должна делать администратор, когда видит, что гости входят в вестибюль гостиницы? UNIT VII RESTAURANT SERVICES ACTIVE VOCABULARY Part 1 activity adjacent to attend to banquet banqueting room break catering department

деятельность смежный, соседний обслуживать банкет банкетный зал банкетный люкс отдел общественного питания, отдел обслуживания массовых мероприятий блюдами и напитками, отдел выездного обслуживания 99

china chrystal coffee-shop cruet deluxe dinner dance dishes division duty exhibition fashion show fast-food restaurant formal function room glassware informal to interfere kitchen helper lounge waiter luxurious napery night club on- the-job training pantry to peel premises refreshments responsible room waiter round-the clock servery snack-bar station waiter to store storeroom to supply swing doors to warm up wedding

фарфор, фарфоровая посуда хрусталь кафетерий подставка или судок для специй класса “люкс” танцевальный вечер посуда подразделение обязанность выставка показ моделей одежды ресторан быстрого питания официальный комната для церемоний стекло, стеклянная посуда неофициальный вмешиваться помошник по кухне официант бара роскошный, класса “люкс” столовое белье ночной клуб практика на рабочем месте буфетная, сервизная чистить, снимать кожуру помещения прохладительные напитки ответственный официант по обслуживанию в номерах круглосуточный раздаточная закусочная официант, обслуживающий участок в зале хранить кладовая поставлять вращающиеся двери подогревать свадьба

Part 2 assembly bacon and eggs band

собрание яичница с беконом оркестр, группа музыкантов 100

banqueting facilities banquet manager banqueting services bartender bed and breakfast biscuit brunch buffet service usual bulk purchases a la carte menu caterer

cereals to clear away coffee shop to combine conclusion continental breakfast counter service course crisp to cut up cutlery delicious to dispatch to exchange fixed price menu floor show full board (FB) full English breakfast to gain a reputation half board(HB) haute cuisine home made dish impeccable informal restaurant luxury restaurant linner marmalade to mix mixed drink order party

условия для организации банкетов менеджер банкетов обслуживание банкетов бармен размещение и завтрак сухое печенье поздний завтрк, ранний обед обслуживание типа «буфет» оптовые закупки порционное меню организатор общественного питания, обслуживания массовых мероприятий блюдами и напитками, выездного обслуживания овсяная каша, хлопья убирать кафетерий сочетать, соединять заключение, вывод континентальный завтрак обслуживания на раздаче у стойки блюдо (как порядок подачи) хрустящий резать столовые приборы вкусный посылать, отправлять обменивать, обмениваться комплексное меню представление среди публики полный пансион полный английский завтрак завоевать репутацию полупансион изысканная кухня блюдо домашней кухни безупречный обычный ресторан роскошный ресторан поздний обед или ранний ужин апельсиновый джем смешивать коктейль заказ вечеринка 101

to pour profitable quantity rate relaxed roll self- services Self-catering smooth snack soda sommelier sophisticated storekeeper superb table d’hote menu table service usual to take orders valume waiter service

наливать выгодный, прибыльный, рентабельный количество засценка, тариф непринужденный булочка самообслуживание система самообслуживания зовный, спокойный легкая закуска газированная вода официант по винам изысканный заведующий складом превосходный комплексное меню обслуживание за столами принимать заказы объем обслуживание официантами Pre-reading tasks:

1. Match up: 1) mixed 2) full 3) banqueting 4) station 5) kitchen 6) catering 7) waiter 8) dinner

a) suite b) department c) helper d) board e) dance f) drink g) service h) waiter

2. Cross out one odd term in each line: 1) cruets, china, napery, break, chiystal, dishes, glassware; 2) haute cuisine, dinner dance, wedding reception, private banquet, company dinner, public banquet, birthday party; 3) a la carte menu, haute cuisine, deluxe, marmalade, superdeluxe, table d’hote menu, sommelier; 4) profitable, luxurious, superb, delicious, band, crisp, adjacent, smooth; 5) coffee-shop, night club, luxury restaurant, exhibition, snack-bar, fastfood restaurant; 6) bartender, busboy, sommelier, station waiter, caterer, counter, storekeeper. 102

3. Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (6 terms in each group): Coffee, banqueting suite, pantry, cereals, self-catering, continental breakfast, buffet service usual, bacon, biscuit, soda, counter service, roll, servery, storeroom, room service, table d’hote dinner, linner, tea, mixed drink, toast, brunch, cocktail lounge, drive-in service, beer, sandwich, a la carte dinner, full English breakfast, dining-hall, table service usual, juice. Food

Bevarages

Premnises

Types of meals

Type of service

4. Answer the questions: 1. What kind of restaurants do you know? 2. Can you name the most famous eating and drinking establishments in your area? 3. What kind of restaurants are there at a hotel? 4. What is the room service? 5. What departments are there in the restaurant? 6. What is the difference between the food and beverage department and the catering department? Reading Read the texts: 1. TYPES OF RESTAURANTS There are eight different types of places where people can eat and drink. They are very luxurious restaurants, formal luxury restaurants, informal restaurants serving national dishes, coffee-shops, snack-bars, fast-food restaurants, bars and night clubs. At very luxurious restaurants dinner is a la carte. Such restaurants are usually famous for their haute cuisine. They have a sophisticated atmosphere. Their service is impeccable. At formal luxurious restaurants the surroundings are elegant and the cuisine is superb. They are appropriate for business lunches and romantic dinners. Informal national restaurants serve typical local dishes. They offer a lot of home-made dishes. They make bread and pasta themselves. These restaurants have two sorts of the dinner menu: an a la carte and a three-course fixed price 103

menu. The atmosphere is cosy and relaxed and the meals are reasonably priced there. At coffee-shops the surroundings are modest and the atmosphere is friendly. The customers can have quick snacks with drinks there. These places serve sandwiches, salads, cakes and beverages. They may offer table service, counter service or self-service. Snack-bars have a very relaxed atmosphere and very modest surroundings. They offer self-catering as a rule. The customers can have some snacks and drinks. Fast-food restaurants offer a very quick service. The choice of food and drinks is fixed but limited. Such places provide a drive-in and take-out service. Bars offer different kinds of drinks, mixed drinks, beer, juices, soda. They can also serve nuts and crisp biscuits to go with the drinks. At night clubs the customers can have excellent wine and delicious dishes and dance to a band. Such places have a floor show. The customers can gamble if they like. They are very expensive but provide overnight catering and entertainment until 4 a.m. as a rule. Answer the questions: 1. What are the eight different types of places where people can eat and drink? 2. What kind of places are luxurious and formal luxurious restaurants? 3. What kind of places are informal national restaurants? 4. What kind of places are coffee-shops and snack-bars? 5. What kind of places are fast-food restaurants? 6. What kind of places are bars? 7. What kind of places are night clubs? 2. THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE DEPARTMENT Most hotels have got some kind of food and beverage department. It includes a kitchen, a pantry, dining-halls, bars and cocktail lounges. If the hotel’s kitchen has gained a reputation, it may increase the hotel’s business. A hotel restaurant may serve individuals or groups. When a restaurant services individuals it usually offers a la carte menus. When a hotel restaurant serves groups it provides table d’hote menus. A hotel restaurant may prepare light meals, such as a continental breakfast. A continental breakfast includes juice, rolls, butter, jam and tea or coffee. A hotel restaurant may prepare a full English breakfast. It is a meal of juice, cereals, bacon and eggs, toast and marmalade, tea or coffee. The rate, when hotels offer accommodation and breakfast, has got the name of “bed & breakfast”. 104

A hotel restaurant may prepare both breakfast and one full meal: lunch or dinner. The rate, when hotels offer accommodation, breakfast and one full meal, has got the name of “half board”. A hotel restaurant may prepare breakfast, full lunch and full dinner. The rate, when hotels offer accommodation and three meals, has got the name of “full board”. A hotel restaurant may also serve brunch and linner. Branch is late breakfast or early lunch. Linner is late lunch or early dinner. The terms “branch” and “linner” have recently appeared. “Branch” is made up of two words “breakfast” and “lunch” while “linner” is made up of “lunch” and “dinner”. The food and beverage department is in charge of room service, too. When the hotel guests want to have their food and beverages in their rooms, the food and beverage department provides this service. Answer the questions: 1. What does the food beverage department include? 2. How may the hotel’s kitchen increase the hotel’s business? 3. What kind of customers does a hotel restaurant serve? What kind of menus are there? 4. What types of breakfast can a restaurant serve? How do they differ? 5. What does the hotel rate “bed & breakfast” include? 6. What does the hotel rate “half board” include? 7. What does the hotel rate “full board” include? 3. THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE STAFF At the head of the food and beverage department is the food and beverage manager. The kitchen supervisor is the head chef. He is in charge of specialist chefs, cooks and kitchen helpers. The cooks do the actual cooking of meals. The chefs supervise (hem. The kitchen helpers wash, peel and cut up the vegetables, wash and cut the meat. There is a pantry in the food and beverage department. It has got (he dishes, china, glassware, cruets, napery, facilities for warming up (he dishes. Dirty dishes from the guests’s tables are also kept here. The storekeeper is in charge of the pantry. Her duties also include dispatching of food and beverages within the department. There is also a wine steward. After the customers have chosen dishes on the menu, he recommends and serves wine to them. The main person in the dining-hall is the maitre d’hotel. He is in charge of all restaurant services. He meets, greets and seats the customers. Often he takes the orders from the customers. Waiters and waitresses serve food to the customers. They take orders and bring food to the tables. The busboy helps the waiter. He clears away dirty dishes and cutlery, 105

pours water and brings rolls for the customers. He doesn’t take orders or serve food to the guests himself. The bartender mixes and pours alcoholic drinks for customers at the bar. Answer the questions: 1. Who is at the head of the food and beverage department? 2. Who is the head chef in charge of? 3. What do the chefs, the cooks and the kitchen helpers do? 4. What is there in the pantry? Who is in charge of it? 5. What does the storekeeper do? 6. What does the wine steward do? 7. What are the duties of the maitre d’hotel? 8. What are the duties of the waiter? 9. What does the busboy do? 10. What does the bartender do? 4. THE CATERING DEPARTMENT At the head of the catering department is the catering manager. The catering department is separate from the food and beverage department. It has got different functions. The caterer provides different services from the restaurant. The restaurant serves small groups of customers. A caterer arranges and prepares parties, banquets, large group meals. The caterer has to deal with large quantities of food and beverages. The caterer must also manage the employees who work at those gatherings. Conventions always require this kind of service. Conventions are assemblies of professionals, businessmen or government officials. They get together to exchange ideas and information. Conventions use a lot of hotel facilities and catering services. Experts have come to the conclusion that the success of a convention may strongly depend on a well-run banquet. The catering business hasn’t yet reached its peak. The number of conventions has grown and volume of catering services has also grown. Conventions will continue to increase. That’s why the need for catering services will increase, too. Answer the questions: 1. Who is at the head of the catering department? 2. How do the catering department and the food and beverage department differ? 3. What does the caterer have to deal with? 4. What are conventions? 5. What kind of conclusion have experts come to? 106

6. Why will the need for catering services increase? 5. THE BANQUETING SERVICES A banquet is a formal dinner for a large group of people. Hotels and restaurants often arrange and give banquets. Many restaurants have got banqueting facilities. They can arrange meals in a special dining room for public and private functions. The public functions are company dinners, press conferences or fashion shows. The private functions are weddings, birthday parties or dinner dances. For some of these functions restaurants provide table service usual or buffet service usual. It means that there may be waiter service, counter service or self-service. Banquets have become part of conventions. The banquet manager is in charge of the banquet. During the banquet the banquet manager and the staff of waiters and waitresses provide smooth service to a large number of people. The banquet manager handles the whole ceremony. Before the banquet has started the banquet manager makes bulk purchases of the products for the banquet. Buying large quantities of food and beverages can be very profitable for the catering department. Answer the questions: 1. What is a banquet? 2. What kind of functions do restaurants arrange banquets for? 3. What are public functions? 4. What are private functions? 5. What kind of service do restaurants provide at the banquets? 6. What does the banquet manager do? 7. Why are banquets profitable for the catering department? After-reading tasks: 1. Match the terms with the definitions: 1) a function room a) a menu with a lot of different dishes at separate prices, from which a guest can choose what to order 2) a storeroom b) an assistant waiter who clears away dirty plates and cutlery, offers bread and water to guests 3) a servery c) a menu which has a fixed set of dishes at a single price for the whole meal 4) catering d) a special room for holding such functions as lunch parties, company dinners, birthday parties or weddings 107

5) an a la carte menu

e) a special room in a restaurant where foodstuffs and dining-room supplies are stored

6) a busboy

f) supply of food and beverages for different formal and informal group functions

7) a bartender

g) a special area in the kitchen where waiters pick up ready dishes ordered by restaurant guests to take them to the tables h) a person at a bar who serves beverages to guests

8) a table d’hote menu

2. Pick out the right information: 1. haute cuisine a) hot dishes b) high class quality French cooking c) culinary art d) French home-made dishes 2. marmalade

a) fruit jam b) jellied sweet c) orange jam d) lemon or lime jam

3. bulk purchases

a) wholesale purchases b) retail purchases c) main purchases d) extra purchases

4.station waiter

a) a head waiter in a dining-room b) a room service waiter c) a waiter in charge of all the service in a dining-room d) a waiter who serves a group of four or five tables in a diningroom

5.a pantry

a) a special room in a restaurant a where foodstuffs are stored b) a special room in a restaurant where food is served c) a special room in a restaurant where dishes and cruets are kept and where dirty dishes are put 108

d) a special room in a restaurant where dirty dishes are washed 6.a busboy

a) an assistant waiter who clears away dirty plates and cutlery, offers rolls and water b) an assistant waiter who takes orders from guests and informs the kitchen of the orders c) a coach or a bus driver d) a kitchen helper who washes and peels vegetables

7.a cruet

a) a small piece of toasted bread served with soup b) a set of forks, knives and spoons c) a set of containers for salt, pepper, mustard, vinegar and oil on a special stand d) a set of cotton napkins and a tablecloth

8.a lounge waiter

a) a waiter who takes away dirty dishes b) a waiter who is in charge of room service c) a waiter who serves guests in a bar d) a waiter who serves guests during a banquet

9.a function room

a) a room for special arrangements b) a room for the restaurant staff c) a room for serving meals and beverages d) a room for storing food

10.a catering department

a) the department which in charge of supplying food and drinks for room service b) the department which is in charge of arranging conventions c) the department which is in 109

charge of all restaurant services d) the department which in charge of supplying food and beverages for different parties

3. Fill in the blanks: room service brunch counter service a la carte menus catering quick snacks halfboard table d’hote menus storekeeper full board

banquet manager wine steward bartender food and beverage haute cuisine

1. At coffee-shops customers have …and drinks. 2. The…dispatches food and beverages within the department and keeps the pantry. 3. …is late breakfast or early lunch. 4. The … department arranges parties and banquets and often serves conventions. 5. Luxury restaurants are famous for their…… 6. …is a hotel rate when a hotel offers accommodation, breakfast and two full meals. 7. The …recommends and serves wine to the restaurant customers. 8. The …department serves individuals and small groups of customers. 9. The…makes bulk purchases of food and beverages. 10. …is a rate when a hotel offers accommodation, breakfast and one full meal. 11. When restaurants serve groups, they provide ……. menus. 7. 12. For the banquet the catering department can arrange waiter service, …, or self-service. 13. The…mixes and pours beverages for customers at a cocktail lounge or a bar. 14. Hotels provide …when their guests want to have food and beverages in their rooms. 15. When restaurants serve individuals, they offer ... menus. 4. Draw a diagram or a spidergramm of Restaurant Services. Using these phrases describe your drawing to the groupmates: That’s really good news To begin with … I’d like to know… It depends Not at all At least I have always wondered… In plain English… As a rule…. You’ve made a perfect example That makes sense 110

Quite impressive!

That’s impossible!

A pretty smart guess!

As you know…

Speaking 1. Work in pairs. Do you think being a restaurant manager would be a good job? Why / why not? Make dialogues using the following phrases: Could you explain what you mean? What exactly do you mean? I don’t really understand what you mean. I don’t quite see what you mean, I’m afraid. I’m not really with you. I’m not sure what you are driving at. It isn’t still clear to me why… I didn’t catch the last part. I didn’t quite follow what you were saying about… Why do you think so/that? Why do you say that? What reasons do you have for saying that? Can you support what you say? Is there any evidence to support what you say? Are you sure of your facts? Are you completely sure of that? I quite agree. I agree with you entirely. I couldn’t agree (with you) more. I think you are absolutely right. That’s just what I think. That’s (very) true! Quite so! Absolutely! That’s not how I see it. I can’t accept that… I disagree. I don’t agree at all. I’m sorry, I think you are absolutely wrong. You can’t be serious. That’s ridiculous! Nonsense! On the contrary! 111

Certainly not! GRAMMAR EXERCISES THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE TO DEVELOP (правильный) + I (you, we, they) have developed. He (she, it) has developed. ? Have I (you, we, they) developed? Has he (she, it) developed? - I (you, we, they) have not (haven’t) developed. He (she, it) has not (hasn’t) developed. TO GROW (неправильный) + I (you, we. they) have grown. He (she, it) has grown. ? Have I (you, we, they) grown? Has he (she, it) grown? - I (you, we, they) have not (haven’t} grown. He (she, it) has not (hasn’t) grown. 1. Make up interrogative and negative sentences: MODELS: + They have offered a continental breakfast. ? Have they offered a continental breakfast? - They have not offered any continental breakfast. + The waiter has already come. ? Has the waiter come yet? - The waiter has not come yet. 1. The kitchen helpers have peeled the vegetables. 2. They have already cut up the vegetables. 3. I have arrived in time. 4. The convention has ordered a banquet. 5. The storekeeper has already brought the linen. 6. The customers have asked for full board. 7. We have had a full English breakfast. 8. The hostess has already seated the guests. 9. I have already mixed you a drink. 10. The tourists have been to a luxury restaurant. 11. The chef has already made his special dish. 12. The banquet has already begun. 112

13. This restaurant has already gained a good reputation. 14. The waiter has left the cruet on the table. 2. Make up alternative questions: MODELS: 1) He has chosen a full English breakfast Has he chosen a full English breakfast or continental breakfast? 2) The kitchen helpers have peeled the vegetables. Have the kitchen helpers peeled or cut up the vegetables? 1. The catering department has prepared a company dinner. 2. The storekeeper has brought glassware. 3. You have been to the Ritz restaurant. 4. The guests have ordered an a la carte dinner. 5. The cook has made the chefs special. 6. We have come to the food and beverage department. 7. Your customer has asked for soda. 8. They have arranged a counter service. 9. The hostess has seated the guests in the dining-hall. 10. You have planned the meals. 11. The visitors have enjoyed the floor show. 12. The customer has ordered bacon and eggs. 13. Their business has become profitable. 14. The waiters have taken away the dirty cutlery. 3. Make up tail-questions: MODELS: 1. You have been to the Rules restaurant. You have been to the Rules restaurant, haven’t you? 2. You haven’t been to the Rules restaurant. You haven’t been to the Rules restaurant, have you? 1. You have come to the same conclusion. 2. The bartender has mixed another drink for me. 3. I haven’t tried your home-made dishes. 4. We haven’t attended the last convention. 5. The banquet manager has not made bulk purchases yet. 6. You have never tried cereals. 7. Our guests have ordered a three-course meal. 8. He has never conducted weddings before. 9. The maitre d’hotel has greeted the visitor at the entrance. 10. The cooks have prepared some home-made dishes. 11. They have not come to the conclusion yet. 12. I have already taken your order. 13. We have got nothing to offer. 113

14. This guest has never seen our fashion show. 4. Make up special questions: MODEL: You have left our tips for the waiter on the table. Who has left our tips for the waiter on the table? What have you done for the waiter? What have you left on the table? Whose tips have you left on the table? Who have you left our tips for? Where have you left our tips for the waiter? 1. The head chef has tasted all the dishes. (Who, What, How many) 2. The banquet manager has made bulk purchases for the banquet. (Who, What, What kind of..., What... for) 3. The catering department has arranged waiter service for the company dinner. (What, What kind of..., What... for) 4. The customers have tasted a lot of home-made dishes. (Who, What, How many, What kind of...) 5. The kitchen helpers have cut up vegetables for the soup. (Who, What, What... for) 6. The bartender has mixed a drink for me. (Who, What, Who ... for) 7. Our customers have been to the Ritz luxury restaurant. (Who, Whose, Where ... to, What kind of...) 8. The guests have had continental breakfast at the hotel. (Who, What, What kind of..., Where) 9. The guide has ordered table d’hote dinner for her tour group. (Who, What, What kind of..., Who ... for) 10. The head waiter has taken her order. (Who, What, Whose) 11. The Rules restaurant has gained an excellent reputation because it has a sophisticated atmosphere and haute cuisine. (What, What kind of..., Why) 12. My travelling companions have chosen an informal national restaurant because they want to try national dishes. (Who, Whose, What, What kind of..., Why) 13. The visitor has had a quick snack at a coffee-shop because he is in a hurry. (Who, What, What kind of..., Where, Why) 14. You have enjoyed a floor show at the night-club. (Who, What, What kind of..., Where) 5. Open the brackets: 1. Have you ever (to be) to a luxury restaurant? 2. We have just (to order) a three-course dinner. 3. They have never (to have) full English breakfast before. - Have you ever (to try) English cereals? -1 think, I have. 4. Who (to take) your order, sir? -1 (not to order) anything yet. 114

5. Why I (to refbse) to try your chefs special? The fact is, that I (to taste) it many times. - You (to enjoy) it? - Very much. 6. My customers (not to eat and to drink) anything since morning. You (to get) any snacks and drinks? - Of course, we have. 7. A year (to pass) since I attended a convention. Anything (to change) ever since? - Oh, yes. Our company (to develop) some new pre-convention and post-convention tours. 8. What kind of drink the bartender (to mix) for you? - It’s a «Margarita». You ever (to have) it? - Not yet, I’m afraid. 9. The banquet manager (to make) bulk purchases of food and drinks yet? - Hopefully, yes. I (not to make) sure yet. 10. You (to get) a master key or an extra key? My customer (to lose) his room key. - He (not to put) it into a key drop, has he? - He thinks, he (to leave) it in his room and (to lock) the door. 11. The catering department (to be) busy this month. The caterers already (to arrange and to serve) a dozen of banquets. And they are going to serve a dozen more. 12. Our manager (to come) to the conclusion that we have to increase our business. 13. Your customers (to choose) the dishes on the menu, haven’t they? Yes, they have. But I personally (not to choose) anything yet. 14. The catering business (not to reach) its peak, has it? 6. Fill in: yet or already: 1. Mike: Haven’t you cleaned the bathroom 1) …yet…? 2. Chris: Stop complaining! You’ve 2) …asked me that three times today. Why is it so important? 3. Mike: I’ve 3) … told you. My parents are coming to stay this weekend. 4. Chris: Well, don’t worry! They haven’t come 4) …, have they? Anyway, it’s not my turn to clean the bathroom. I’ve 5) ……………… done it this month. 5. Mike: That’s not true. You’ve been living here for nearly a year and I haven’t seen you do any cleaning 6) … 7. Fill in: since or for: John and Norma have been married 1) …for… 20 years. They have been living in New York 2)… 1989. John has been working on Wall Street 3)… four years and he has made a lot of money 4) …he started working there. Norma hasn’t worked 5) … they moved to New York but she has been writing a book 6) …the past two years. She has had a lot ofspare time 7) …their son left home two years ago to work in France.

115

Have gone to / Have been to / Have been in Нe has gone to Brussels. (=He’s there or on his way to Brussels.) He has been to Brussels once. (=He’s visited Brussels but he’s back now.) He has been in Brussels for two months. (=He’s in Brussels now.) She has gone to Madrid. (=She’s on her way to Madrid or she’s there. She hasn’t come back yet.) She has been to Paris once. (=She has visited Paris; she is not there now. She has come back.) She has been in Berlin for two years. (= She lives in Berlin now.) 8. Fill in has - have been in/to, has - have gone to: Editor: Where’s Stevens? I haven’t seen him for days. Secretary: He 1) … has gone to... Washington to interview Kim Basinger. Editor: How long 2) … he …Washington? Secretary: Three days. Editor: What about Milton and Knowles? Secretary: They 3)… London. They’re going to interview the Royal Family. Editor: 4) …anyone …Paris to talk to Alain Delon? Secretary: Smith 5) … his country house. He interviewed him there yesterday actually. He’s coming back today. 9. Fill in: yet, since, for, tonight, often or how long: 1. John is flying to Nicosia …tonight… . 2. She hasn’t met Cathy … . 3. I haven’t seen him … last week. 4. … have you been working here? 5. She … cooks exotic dishes. 6. Jim has been in Lisbon … four years. 10. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous: Dear Linda, I’m glad to hear that you are enjoying yourself in Australia. Things at home are the same as usual. Your father …1) has been working…(work) very hard. Susan 2) … (just/ pass) her driving test. Alex 3) … (not/ write) for weeks, probably because he 4) … (study) very hard for his exam. Uncle Tom 5) … (not/ feel) well recently. 6) He … (visit) the doctor four times this month. The dog 7) … (have) three puppies. Mrs Smith 8) … (not/ open) her new shop yet. The decorators 9) … (paint) it for weeks. I hope you enjoy the rest of your stay in Australia. 10) … (you/ see) the famous Opera House yet? Tina sends her love. Write to me soon. Love, Mum 116

11. Fill in with Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous: Arthur: I 1)…’ve been searching… (search) for a house for a week now but so far I 2) … (not/ find) anything suitable. Sandra: Why 3) … (you/want) to move? Arthur: Well, the people living next to me 4) … (be) the main problem. They 5) … (always/argue), especially at night. Sandra: Oh dear! 6) … (you/ ever/complain) to them? Arthur: Yes, but they 7) … (not/stop). They 8) … (keep on) making noise. I 9) … (not/ be able) to sleep well lately, and I 10) … (feel) sleepy all week. Sandra: How awful! 12. Fill in the Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous: Robinson Crusoe has been stuck on a desert island for the past six months. Here is a letter he wrote and put in a bottle: Dear Anybody, I 1) …have been... (be) on this island for six months now. It is a miracle that I 2) … (survive) for this long. I 3) … (eat) fish and fruit since I got here. Fortunately, I 4) … (not/ see) any dangerous animals yet. When I arrived here the weather was fine, but it 5) … (rain) continuously for the past two weeks, so I 6) … (build) a shelter out of sticks and leaves, which is really quite cosy. My main problem is loneliness, as I 7) … (not/ speak) to anyone for so long. Recently I 8) … (talk) to myself, but it isn’t very interesting. Please help me. R. Crusoe 13. Fill in with Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous: Tom: 1) …have you seen... (you/ see) the state of this kitchen? Someone 2) ……………… (wash) clothes in the sink and they’re still there! Fred: Yes, I know. I usually 3) ……………… (use) the bath, but it 4) ……………… (be) too dirty at the moment. Tom: Why didn’t you clean it? You 5) ……………… (live) here for two months now, and I 6) ……………… (never/see) you do any housework. Fred: What do you mean? I 7) ……………… (wash) the dishes at least three times and I always 8) ……………… (make) my bed. Tom: Rubbish! You 9) ……………… (always/make) a mess and not cleaning up afterwards. Fred: What about you? You 10) ……………… (always/ drink) my milk. Tom: Don’t be ridiculous! Where 11) ……………… (you/ go)? Fred: Out! I 12) ……………… (see) my girlfriend this evening. Tom: What about the kitchen? Fred: Bye! 117

In Other Words I’ve never eaten pizza before It’s the first time I’ve ever eaten pizza

I’ve never read such a good book It’s the best book I’ve ever read

14. Rephrase the following sentences: 1. I have never tasted muesli before. It’s the first time I’ve ever tasted muesli. 2. I’ve never seen such a boring film. It’s …………… 3. He has never been to New York before. It’s………………… 4. She has never had such a delicious meal. It’s …………………… 5. She’s never flown before. It’s ………………………………… 15. Rephrase the following sentences using the words in bold type: 1. She has never been to the club before. first ……It’s the first time she has ever been to the club……… 2. She has never heard such a funny story. funniest............................................................ 3. It’s the first time she has ever read Tolstoy. never…………………………………………. 4. It’s the worst headache she’s ever had. bad…………………………………………… 5. He’s never played cricket before. ever…………………………………………… 16. Choose the correct item: 1. Although she has a car, she ... to work. A is walking B walking C walks 2. He is tired. He ... in the library for hours. A is studying B studies C has been studying 3. Dave ... about buying a new CD player. A is thinking B thinks C has thought 4. The baby hasn’t been sleeping well ... . A yet B since C recently 5. Your new outlook ... fabulous. A look B looks C is looking 17. Translate from Russian into English: 1. Вы заказали континентальный завтрак или полный английский завтрак? – Мы заказали только булочки и кофе. 2. Что вы заказали? – Я еще ничего не заказал. Я еще не выбрал. – А вы уже видели меню? – Да, официант его только что принес. 3. Ваш приятель уже был в нашем ресторане, не правда ли? – Вы ошиблись. Мы никогда раньше не были в вашем турцентре. 4. Кто заказал полный комплексный обед из трех блюд? – Я. Я также попросил официанта по винам принести мне красного вина. 118

5. Мы не встречались со служащими вашего отдела общественного питания с прошлого года. – Да, мы не виделись с прошлого конгресса, когда заказывали у вас банкет. 6. Помощники на кухне еще не почистили и не порезали овощи для салата. 7. Эта тургруппа уже побывала в нашем новом ночном клубе? – Да. Им очень понравилось ваше представление. – Этот ночной клуб уже завоевал отличную репутацию. 8. Вы организовали обслуживание официантами на банкете или обслуживание с раздачей у стойки? – Мы организовали самообслуживание. 9. Метрдотель встретил моих клиентов и рассадил их за столиками, не правда ли? – Конечно. Они недавно пришли. Официантка их только что обслужила. 10. Банкет уже начался? – Да, участники конгресса недавно прибыли и банкет уже начался. 11. Конгрессный бизнес вырос и расширился, но еще не достиг своего пика. Я только что узнал об этом. 12. Наш шеф-повар приготовил для вашего гостя свое фирменное блюдо. Вы его уже попробовали? – О да. Изысканная кухня вашего роскошного ресторана завоевала блестящую репутацию, не так ли? UNIT VIII TYPES OF HOTELS ACTIVE VOCABULARY Part 1 airwate all-in, all-inclusive beachfront boatel

budget hotel camping site caravan, van caravanning site comfort commercial hotel comprehensive condo, condominium

гостиница для авиапассажиров «все включено», инклюзивный на берегу, на береговой линии ботель, гостиница на берегу с причалами для лодок и яхт постояльцев бюджетная гостиница кемпинг автофургон лагерь для автотуристов на автофургонах удобство коммерческая гостиница исчерпывающий кондоминиум, кооперативный жилой дом, используемый в период отпусков 119

convention hotel countryside crown system deluxe hotel economy class exhibit areas expensive hotel to fall in fitness centre floatel to follow to grade grading system inexpensive hotel key system letter system line long-term marina meeting room moderate hotel moorage motel overtime parking lot parking space quality to rate recreational facilities to refer to to relax resident residential hotel scenery shift sports grounds star system superdeluxe hotel tent yacht

конгрессный отель загородная местность система корон гостиница класса «люкс» экономический класс выставочные площади дорогой отель попадать в тренажерный зал плавучий отель следовать делить на группы, классы, классифицировать система классификации недорогая гостиница система ключей система букв область, сфера деятельности длительный оборудованная пристань для лодок и яхт зал заседаний, конференц-зал гостиница среднего класса причал для лодок и яхт, место стоянки лодок и яхт мотель сверхурочное время (работы) парковка, стоянка место для стоянки качество классифицировать, присваивать категорию условия для отдыха, возможности для организации отдыха именовать, называть расслабляться постоялец, проживающий стационарная гостиница ландшафт, пейзаж смена спортивная площадка система звезд гостиница класса «суперлюкс» палатка яхта 120

Part 2 access

доступ

to admit to afford amenities to appoint arrangements assistance beauty parlour bedside light to cater for

допускать, принимать иметь возможность, позволять себе удобства, комфорт обставлять, оснащать мероприятия, меры, приготовления, оформление помощь, содействие салон красоты прикроватный свет, бра обслуживать

connections to contain convenient

средства связи, средства сообщения содержать удобный

to design exceptionally

планировать, проектировать исключительно

extremely fashionable

чрезвычайно модный, фешенебельный

full-length mirror to furnish

зеркало в полный рост обставлять, меблировать

guestroom health club

гостиничный номер клуб здоровья

home video

домашнее видео

income

доход

lavatory limited

туалет ограниченный

limousine service

предоставление отелем роскошного автомобиля с водителем местоположение салон, гостиная, комната отдыха, вестибюль, бар

location lounge area lounge service

обслуживание в вестибюле(холле) отеля

to meet the standards (met, отвечать стандартам, met) нормам midnight полночь 121

соответствовать

modest

скромный

modestly

скромно

neighbourhood

район, квартал

non-resident

не постоялец, не гость отеля

pet

домашнее животное

plain

простой, обычный

porterage

переноска багажа

private bathroom 1) proportion

отдельная ванная

reasonable b ) scale

разумный, приемлемый

to be situated h spacious o standard t e variety l view washbasin 2 well-appointed

быть расположенным

соотношение масштаб, размеры просторный стандарт, норма разнообразие

вид умывальник хорошо оборудованный, хорошо обставленный worth цена, стоимость to get one’s money’s worth получить справедливую цену, не переплатить Pre-reading tasks: 1. Match up: 1) caravannig 2) parking 3) lounge 4) budget 5) private 6) beauty 7) sports 8) crown

a) space b) hotel c) system d) grounds e) site f) parlour g) bathroom h) service

122

2. Cross out one odd term in each line: a) modestly, extremely, exceptionally, lavatory, reasonably, formally; b) condo, van, all-in, tent, maitre d’, fam trip, maid; c) fashionable neighbourhood, convenient connections, parking lot, gambling is allowed, lounge service, luxurious guestrooms; d) swimming-pool, mini-bar, air-conditioning, up-to-date, employee, allnight; e) sports grounds, solarium, swimming-pool, income, sauna, fitness centre, health club; f) comforts, amenities, facilities, conveniences, equipment, services; g) night club, superdeluxe hotel, casino, beauty parlour, beachfront, boatel 3.Group the following terms according to the titles in the table (7 terms in each group): All-night room service, background music, assistance with luggage, wakeup calls, air-conditioning, camping site, full-length mirror, motel, all-night lounge service, floatel, airwate, caravanning site, boatel, colour TV-set, limousine service, home video, condominium, paging, bedside light, mini-bar, porterage. Accommodation means

Hotel Services

Guestroom amenities

4. Read the dialogue and answer the questions in Exersise 5: А: Today I’d like to talk to you about different types of hotels. В: With great pleasure. But I think I don’t know much about it. А: It’s not a problem. I’ll tell you. As you know, there are different types of hotels and accommodation. В: Yes, I know. I’ve also heard that hotels are rated from 1-star to 5-star hotels, aren’t they? А: You are right. But they are also rated according to the purpose of travelers, to the range of services and quality of comforts. For example, there are conventions hotels for business travelers. В: Oh, sorry to interrupt. It means that the resort hotel is for holiday-makers. Do all countries follow the star system? А: Of course not. There are such systems like the crown system in Great Britain, the Key system in Sweden, the letter system in Greece. In the USA the hotels are graded as superdeluxe, deluxe, expensive, moderate and inexpensive. 123

В: I’ve heard about some of them. You know I’ve come across «all-in» hotels in many hotel advertisements. Could you make it clear what they are? А: «All-in» stands for «all-inclusive». Such hotels offer all-in rates for full board and half board stays. Full board is bed, breakfast, lunch and dinner. Half board is bed, breakfast or dinner. В: Nowadays, as for as I know, there are some new types of accommodation. For example, boatels, condos and airwates. You are right, I must apologize, I have to go to the job. Let’s talk next time. А: Of course. Good bye! Keep in touch! В: You, too! 5. Answer the questions: 1. What types of hotels do you know? 2. What does the type of the hotel depend on? 3. What type is the most expensive? 4. What type is the cheapest? 5. What type is suitable for you? 6. In what type of the hotel have you stayed? Reading Read the texts: TEXTS 1. THE INEXPENSIVE HOTEL The inexpensive hotel is also called the 1-star hotel according to the European classification. These are plain hotels and inns of small scale. Inexpensive hotels are modestly furnished. However, rather good facilities are provided for the guests. Bath and lavatory arrangements are offered, but they are not provided in every bedroom. Washbasins are provided in every bedroom. As a rule, the inexpensive hotels have got a lounge area. There are no phones in bedrooms, but the use of telephone is arranged. Not every room is fitted with a radio and a TV-set. Meals are provided for residents but are usually limited to non-residents. In some inexpensive hotels meals are not served to non-residents at all. Inexpensive hotels offer low prices. That is why they are used by the guests who cannot afford to pay much. Some inexpensive hotels may be old enough with rather small rooms. However, the main thing is that they are neat and clean and the service is friendly. The inexpensive hotels are situated away from the city centre and far from convenient means of transportation. It means that the location is not convenient. 124

Answer the questions: 1. How is the inexpensive hotel also called? 2. What kind of facilities are provided in inexpensive hotels? 3. How are meals provided in inexpensive hotels? 4. What kind of guests are inexpensive hotels used by? What are the prices like? 5. What may still attract the guests in inexpensive hotels? 6. Where are inexpensive hotels situated? 2. THE MODERATE HOTEL The moderate hotel is also called the 2-star hotel according to the European classification. These hotels offer a higher standard of accommodation than the inexpensive hotels. However, according to the standards only 20 per cent of bedrooms contain a private bathroom or a shower with a lavatory. TV-sets are provided in some bedrooms or there is a TV-set in a lounge. Assistance with luggage is arranged for the guests. There are bedside lights in the rooms. Wake-up calls are offered. The rooms are not air-conditioned which is a disadvantage for resort and beach hotels in hot countries. Hot morning tea or hot breakfast is available. A bar and a restaurant are not available in every moderate hotel. The moderate hotels are located at a distance from centres of activity. Good transportation may not be available. The prices are reasonable for the guests with limited incomes. Answer the questions: 1. How is the moderate hotel also called? 2. What kind of accommodation is offered to the guests in the moderate hotels? 3. What sort of facilities are provided in the moderate hotels? 4. What kind of services are arranged in the moderate hotels? 5. What may be a disadvantage in resort and beach hotels? 6. What sort of meals are offered in the moderate hotels? 7. Where are the moderate hotels located? 8. What are the prices like in the moderate hotels? 3. THE EXPENSIVE HOTEL The expensive hotel is also called the 3-star hotel according to the European classification. These are well-appointed and very comfortable hotels. A more spacious accommodation is offered to the guests. According to the standards two thirds of bedrooms contain a private bathroom or a shower with a lavatory. 125

All rooms are fitted with a telephone, a radio and a TV-set. Many expensive hotels offer private parking. In many expensive hotels dogs and other pets are admitted. In resort or beach hotels in hot countries bedrooms are fitted with airconditioning which is a great advantage. Often bedrooms in resort or beach hotels are not fitted with TV-sets. Wake-up calls, room service, hair-dryers, porterage are offered. Fuller meal facilities are provided for the guests. All expensive hotels have got a restaurant and a bar. Meals are provided on a half board basis. Hot tea in the morning and hot evening meals are always offered in the expensive hotels. The expensive hotels usually have a rather good location. Good transportation is also available. Answer the questions: 1. How is the expensive hotel also called? 2. What kind of accommodation is offered to the guests in the expensive hotels? 3. What sort of facilities are provided in the expensive hotels? 4. What are bedrooms in the expensive resort hotels fitted with? 5. What kind of services are offered in the expensive hotels? 6. What sort of meals are provided in the expensive hotels? 7. Where are the expensive hotels located? 4. THE DELUXE HOTEL The deluxe hotel is also called the 4-star hotel. These are exceptionally well-appointed hotels. A high standard of comforts and services is offered to the guests. A private bathroom or a shower with a lavatory are provided in all bedrooms. All bedrooms are fitted with a telephone, a colour TV-set, a radio. The deluxe hotels offer a 24-hour access and a lounge service to the guests until midnight. All deluxe hotels contain a variety of bars and restaurants. Meals are provided on a full board basis: hot breakfast, lunch and dinner. The resort or beach hotels in hot countries offer private swimming-pools. The rooms are fitted with air-conditioning and mini-bars. Saunas and solariums are also provided. The deluxe hotels have excellent locations in beautiful neighbourhoods and convenient transportation means. The prices are rather high but the guests get their money’s worth. Answer the questions: 1. How is the deluxe hotel also called? 2. What kind of accommodation is offered in deluxe hotels? 126

3. What are bedrooms fitted with? 4. What sort of services are provided in deluxe hotels? 5. What kind of meals are offered in deluxe hotels? 6. What sort of facilities are provided in deluxe resort hotels? 7. Where are deluxe hotels located? 8. What are the prices like? 5. THE SUPERDELUXE HOTEL The superdeluxe hotel is usually called the luxury hotel. Such hotels are also known under the name of the 5-star hotels. These are exceptionally luxurious hotels. Extremely comfortable and luxurious guestrooms are offered to the guests. Perfectly appointed public rooms are provided for the needs of the guests: lounges, banquet halls, conference rooms. The superdeluxe hotels offer the greatest convenience, the best comfort and the widest service to their guests. All guestrooms include private bathrooms. All guestrooms are fitted with up-to-date equipment and amenities: room telephones, colour TV-sets, home videos, background music, mini-bars, full-length mirrors, excellent furniture. A variety of recreational facilities is provided for the guests: swimmingpools, health clubs and fitting centres, saunas, solariums, beauty parlours. Where gambling is allowed, the superdeluxe hotels contain casinos and night clubs. The superdeluxe hotels provide all-night lounge service and all-night room service. Private parking lots are provided for the guests. A variety of restaurants and bars cater for the needs of all kinds of visitors. They are open for breakfast, brunch, lunch, dinner, linner and supper. The superdeluxe hotels have got a very high proportion of employees to guests and guestrooms. It means that a large number of people are employed to serve the guests. The proportion may be three employees to one guestroom. The employees are perfectly trained to meet the high standards of service. The superdeluxe hotels are built and designed to provide service for wealthy and important guests. Such hotels are located in fashionable neighbourhoods with the best views and convenient connections. Limousine service is available, too. Answer the questions: 1. How are superdeluxe hotels also called? 2. What kind of accommodation is offered in superdeluxe hotels? 3. What are the guestrooms fitted with? 4. What sort of recreational facilities are provided in superdeluxe hotels? 5. What kind of services are offered in superdeluxe hotels? 6. How high is the proportion of employees to one guest or one guestroom? What does it mean? 7. Where are superdeluxe hotels located? 127

After-reading tasks: 1. Match the terms with the definitions: 1) a budget hotel a) a scheduled period of time worked by a group of employees, then replaced by another group 2) a convention hotel b) a rating system, a system of classifying hotels or restaurants into different levels of quality 3) a residential hotel c) a low-priced hotel providing basic accommodation 4) a condominium d) a hotel which caters for long-term guests, usually with full-board arrangements 5) a shift e) an apartment house with individually owned apartments 6) a marina f) facilities, services and comforts provided in hotel rooms 7) a grading system g) a hotel providing a set of meeting rooms and exhibition areas together with bedrooms and restrooms, built for holding large meetings 8) amenities h) a harbour fit for tying up a large number of pleasure boats 2. Pick out the right definition: 1) a parking lot a) a parking meter

b) a parking space c) a park area d) parklands 2) a shift

a) a work schedule b) a timetable c) a group of staff members d) a period of working time

3) a caravan

a) a car b) a van c) a carousel d) a carrycot

4) amenities

a) facilities b) furniture c) lodging 128

d)meals 5) a lavatory

a) a washbasin b) a shower c) a toilet d) a kitchenette

6) to rate

a) to provide b) to offer c) to carry d) to grade

7) a condominium

a) a type of hotel rate b) a kind of convention facilities c) a type of a travel agent’s commission d) a house with individually owned apartments

8) a porterage

a) services to cruise members at the sea port b) services of a porter c) services of a doorman d) luggage

9) a location

a) a place where something is situated b) a place of accommodation c) a resort area d)a type of countryside

3. Fill in the blanks: amenities washbasins location facilities neibourhoods

advantage disadvantage gambling incomes standard

deluxe hotel moderate hotel inexpensive hotel superdeluxe hotel expensive hotel

1. Two thirds of bedrooms in the ….. … contain a private bathroom or a shower with a lavatory. 2. Twenty per cent of bedrooms in the …… contain a private bathroom or a shower with a lavatory. 3. The .….has luxurious guestrooms and perfectly appointed public rooms. 4. The ................... ….is a small-scale plain hotel or inn. 5. In the …….. ..... all bedrooms are provided with a private bathroom or a 129

shower with a lavatory and there is a lounge service until midnigh. 6. Prices in moderate hotels are reasonable for guests with limited…… 7. All guestrooms in the superdeluxe hotel are fitted with up-to-date…….. 8. In the expensive hotel fuller meal ……. are provided than in the moderate hotel. 9. In the expensive hotel bedrooms are fitted with air-conditioning which is an …….for hot countries. 10. In the inexpensive hotel are provided in every bedroom. 11. A high…….. ... of comfort is offered to guests in deluxe hotels. 12. The ................. …of inexpensive hotels is not convenient. 13. In the moderate hotel bedrooms are not air-conditioned which is a for hot countries. 14. Deluxe hotels have excellent locations in beautiful ……. . 15. In many superdeluxe hotels there are casinos if ….. is allowed in the area. Speaking 1. Work in pairs. Compare different types of hotels using the following phrases: I presume… I have to admit that A comprehensive answer! You have already mentioned … That’s pretty easy The more stars, the higher the quality Could you make it clear? If I’m not mistaken… Probably you’ve heard… Something of the kind. Something like that That’s pretty impressive! I haven’t the foggiest notion. I haven’t the slightest idea. Let’s call it a day. Keep in touch! 2. Make up a presentation on the following topics: 1. The hotel I dream to stay. 2. Tell about the hotel in Krasnoyarsk. 3. Tell about the hotel you have stayed. Use the phrases of speech-making: Introduction / opening phrases Dear friends (colleagues, associates, ladies and gentlemen)! I’m honoured to speak to you today. It’s a great honour for me to speak to you today. It’s a pleasure for me to be addressing you today. Subject / intermediary phrases I’m going to speak about… I’m going to discuss the point of… 130

I’d like to clear up the point of… I’d like to clear up one more point, that is… As you probably know (understand, realize)… The fact is… The thing is… The point is… As you can see… It’s common knowledge that… It goes without saying that… I must state here that… I must stress the point that… I must point out that… It should be pointed out that… It should be noted that… In the first place…, in the second…, in the third place… On the one hand…, on the other hand… For one thing, … for another… Finally… Thus… Conclusion / closing phrases In conclusion I would like to say that… To conclude I’d like to say that… To finish it up I’d like to say that… Let me sum up what I have said. Let me stop here. Let me thank you now for your kind attention. Many thanks for your kind attention. Questions You are welcome with your questions now. You are welcome to ask questions now. Don’t hesitate to ask me questions now, if you have any. GRAMMAR EXERCISES THE PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE TO ASK (правильный) + I am asked. You (we, they) are asked. He (she, it) is asked. ? Am I asked? Are you (we, they) asked? Is he (she, it) asked? 131

- I am not asked. You (we, they) are not (aren’t) asked. He (she, it) is not (isn’t) asked. TO SNOW (неправильный) + I am shown. You (we, they) are shown. He (she, it) is shown. ? Am I shown? Are you (we, they) shown? Is he (she, it) shown? - I am not shown. You (we, they) are not (aren’t) shown. He (she, it) is not (isn’t) shown. 1. Transiate from English into Russian: MODELS: Room service is offered in this hotel. В этой гостинице предлагается обслуживание в номере. В этой гостинице предлагают обслуживание в номере. Russian and English are spoken in this store. В этом магазине говорят по-русски и по-английски. The chefs special is much spoken about. О фирменном блюде повара много говорят. 1. The rooms are air-conditioned. 2. My room is not fitted with a radio. 3. A lot of new resort hotels are built in Turkey every year. 4. This club beach hotel is often spoken about. 5. Guides are always asked a lot of questions. 6. Blackjack is played in this casino. 7. Private bathrooms are provided in every bedroom. 8. The manager is always told about complaints. 9. Three languages are spoken in the front office here. 10. I am always invited to their company banquets. 11. Mixed drinks are not served in this lounge, they are served at the bar. 12. Italian is not spoken in this motel. 13. I am not informed of the convention. 14. Are guestrooms cleaned or made up every day? 15. Is hot tea served in this lounge round the clock? 16. What kind of services are offered in your hotel?

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2. Make up interrogative and negative sentences: MODELS: + This service is provided. ? Is this service provided? - This service is not (isn’t) provided. + New office sites are built. ? Are new office sites built? - New office sites are not (aren’t) built. 1. The hotel rooms are fitted with a radio and a colour TV-set. 2. This room is air-conditioned. 3. The public rooms are well-appointed. 4. This hotel is located in a fashionable neighbourhood. 5. These hotels are designed for wealthy customers. 6. The conference hall is situated on the top floor. 7. I am lost. 8. You are prepared for the job. 9. Room service is provided here. 10. Assistance with luggage is offered there. 11. The rooms are assigned. 12. Pets are admitted. 13. This grading system is followed by ail countries. 14. The health club is attended by hotel guests. 3. Make up special questions: MODEL: Assistance with luggage is offered to all guests round the clock. What is offered to all guests round the dock? What kind of assistance is offered to all guests round the clock? Who is assistance with iuggage offered to? When js assistance with luggage offered to all guests? 1. The inexpensive hotel is called the 1-star hotel. (What, What kind of..., How) 2. Inexpensive hotels are modestly furnished. (What, How) 3. Washbasins are provided in all bedrooms. (What, Where) 4. All rooms are fitted with TV-sets here. (How many, What... with, Where) 5. The inexpensive hotel is used by guests with no means because they can afford to pay for it. (What kind of, Who ... by, Why) 6. Friendly service is offered by modest hotels too. (What, What kind of,.... What... by) 7. This kind of rooms is fitted with bedside lights. (What kind of..., What... with) 8. We are invited to the banquet. (Who, Where ... to) 133

9. Hot tea is served in the lounge. (What, What kind of..., Where) 10. All rooms in this beach hotel are air-conditioned. (What, How many, Where) 11. I’m always served by that young waiter. (Who, Who ... by, Which) 12. The hotel lounge is perfectly appointed because it is designed for well-to-do guests. (What, How, Why) 13. Dogs and other pets of hotel residents are admitted to our hotel. (Who, Whose, Where ... to) 14. All-night lounge service is arranged in the superdeluxe hotel. (What, What kind of..., Where) 15. 4. Open the brackets and translate into Russian: 16. Our rooms (not to fit) with colour TV-sets. 17. German (to speak) in this hotel chain. 18. What this dish (to make) of? - It (to make) of chicken and mushrooms. 19. What kind of menus (to offer) in this restaurant? - An a la carte menu (to offer), but a table d’hote menu (not to provide). 20. What usually (to keep) in the pantry? 21. Cereals (to include) in full English breakfast? 22. Who (to invite) to the company dinner? 23. I (not to tell) of any recreational facilities here. 24. The room amenities always (to show) to our guests. 25. Our staff (to train) to meet the international standards. 26. The employees (to teach) two foreign languages. - What languages (to teach) to them? - English and French (to teach). 27. How the guestrooms (to fiimish) in this new hotel? - They (to equip) with up-to-date amenities and expensive modem furniture. 28. I (to understand)? - Yes, you are. Why are you asking? 29. Who this dish (to make) by? - It (to prepare) by our pastry chef. What’s wrong? - It (to underdo). 5. Find the passive verbs in the following sentences. What tenses are they? 1. Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving. 2. This town was built a century ago. 3. The fax has just been sent. 4. They were invited to a birthday party. 5. The book is still being published. 6. My neighbour’s car was stolen last night. 7. I am sure some way out will be found. 8. When I came home, dinner was being cooked. 9. The room looked nice. It had been cleaned. 10. Everybody will have been examined by 3 o’clock.

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6. Put the verbs in the Present Simple Passive. Turtles 1) . . . (find) in all the warm oceans of the world. Turtles’ nests 2) . . . (make) at night on sandy beaches. About one hundred eggs 3) . . . (lay) in each nest. However, nesting turtles 4) . . . (often disturb) by noise and lights from hotels and discos. When the babies leave the nest for the sea, they follow the light of the moon. But if they 5) . . . (distract) by hotel lights, they run in the wrong direction. Babies who lose their way on the beach 6) . . . (often kill) by birds. If they reach the sea, they 7) . . . (sometimes injure) or even killed by speedboats. 7. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple Passive or the Past Simple Passive. Every year, on 23 April, “Cocuk Bayrami” 1) . . . (celebrate) in Turkey. This holiday 2) . . . (start) by the famous Turkish leader Ataturk in 1920. Special clothes 3) . . . (wear) by children, and in Ankara, the capital city, children from all over the world 4) . . . (invite) to take part in singing and dancing. Festivals like Christmas 5) . . . (not celebrate) in India, but each autumn there is Diwali. Years ago, presents 6) . . . (give) but now only cards 7) … (send). Special lanterns 8) … (prepare) and during the festival these 9) … (place) all over the house. Each night fireworks displays 10) . . . 8. Open the brackets and use the Present Simple Active or the Present Simple Passive: 1. Students (to take) exams at the end of each term. Final exams (to take) at the end of the course of studies. 2. Maids (to general clean) bedrooms before guests check in. Bedrooms (to general clean) before guests Check in. 3. Guests (to invite) to the banquet. Company managers (to invite) a banquet manager to hold the ceremony. 4. English (to speak) in the front office. The front desk clerks (to speak) English. 5. We (to offer) continental breakfast to our customers. We (not to offer) full English breakfast. Our customers (to offer) continental breakfast only. Continental breakfast (to offer) but full English breakfast (not to offer). 6. Your chef (to make) pasta himself? This dish (to make) of meat, pasta and vegetables? 7. Where the restaurant glassware (to keep)? Where the storekeeper (tokeep) the restaurant glassware? 8. How you (to hold) your conventions? How your conventions (to hold)? 9. How often your tour packages (to advertise) in mass media? How often your company (to advertise) your tour packages? 10. I always (to invite) my company employees to my birthday party. I always (to invite) to our manager’s birthday party. 11. This hotel (not to admit) dogs. Dogs (not to admit) into this hotel. 12. They (not to serve) tea or coffee round the clock. Hot tea (not to 135

serve) round the clock here. 9. Rewrite the sentences in the Past Continuous Passive: 1) They were cleaning the pools. 2) A keeper was preparing liquid fish food for the baby seals. 3) They were disinfecting the hospital. 4) They were feeding the larger seals. 5) A vet was treating an injured seal. 6) A guide was showing visitors round. 10. Make sentences in the Present Perfect Passive: Example tourists / inform / about the nesting beaches Tourists have been informed about the nesting beaches. 1) talks and film shows / organise / in the hotels 2) information brochures / print / for tourists and people on the islands 3) a speed limit / put / on motor boats 4) motor boats / ban / near the nesting beaches 5) tourists / ask / not to leave litter on the beaches 6) vehicles / prohibit / on the nesting beaches 7) people / ask / not to use the beaches at night 8) warning signs / put up / on the nesting beaches 11. Translate from Russian into English: 1. В Турции ежегодно строится много курортных отелей. В них обслуживают гостей из разных стран. Персонал этих отелей подготовлен так, чтобы соответствовать международным стандартам. В отделе приема и размещения отелей говорят на немецком и английском языках. В клубных отелях организуют анимационные программы. Там проводят развлекательные программы для детей и взрослых. 2. Отели класса «люкс» и «суперлюкс» обычно расположены в фешенебельных районах. Они предназначены для обеспеченных клиентов и деловых людей. Номера в таких отелях оснащены современным оборудованием и дорогой мебелью. Гостиные и другие помещения прекрасно обставлены. Гостей обслуживают круглосуточно. 3. Где находится ресторан «Ритц»? – Он расположен на Пика- дилли в Лондоне. – Какие блюда там подают? – Там подают дорогие фирменные блюда и вина. Об изысканной кухне этого ресторана много говорят. 4. Как готовят это блюдо? – Никому не говорят, как его готовят, это фирменное блюдо шеф-повара. – А с чем и как его едят? – Его едят руками и без хлеба. Его не едят ножом и вилкой. А хлеб не подают вообще. 5. В несезон в этой гостинице проводят конгрессы. Во время конгрессов предлагаются предконгрессные и постконгрессные туры. В конце проводят банкет. Банкеты организует и проводит отдел общественного питания ресторана. – Меню обсуждают заранее? – Да. 136

Также обсуждают вид обслуживания: официантами, раздача у стойки или самообслуживание. 6. Я не знаю, что делать. Здесь не говорят по-русски. Меня не понимают. – А на каком языке здесь говорят? Ведь на английском здесь говорят, правда? – Да, говорят, но очень быстро. Я не понимаю, и меня тоже не понимают. – Ты должна овладеть английским. Ты должна поступить в наш колледж. У нас хорошо преподают иностранные языки. GRAMMAR REFERENCE 1. ОСНОВНЫЕ ФОРМЫ ГЛАГОЛА VERB FORMS Основными формами глагола являются: I форма – инфинитив (infinitive) II форма – простое прошедшее время (past simple) III форма – причастие прошедшего времени (past participle) IV форма – причастие настоящего времени (present participle) В первой форме – инфинитиве – глагол обычно дается в словаре: (to) ask (спрашивать) (to) answer (отвечать) Специального окончания эта форма не имеет, но перед ней стоит частица to, которая показывает, что следующее за ней слово – глагол в форме инфинитива. Инфинитив в английском языке соответствует неопределенной форме глагола (инфинитиву) в русском языке. Вторая и третья формы большинства глаголов, называющихся «правильными», или «стандартными», образуются от основы первой формы при помощи окончания –ed. Четвертая форма всех глаголов образуется от основы первой формы при помощи окончания –ing. I (to) ask (to) answer

II asked answered

III asked answered

IV asking answering

У некоторых глаголов, которые называются «неправильными», или «нестандартными», вторая и третья формы образуются особо. Такие глаголы нужно сразу запоминать во всех формах. Например: I (to) write (to) speak

II wrote spoke

III written spoken

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IV writing speaking

Глагол TO BE Спряжение глагола to be (быть) в Present Simple Tense I am I am not He is He is not She is She is not It is It is not We are We are not You are You are not They are They are not Am I? Yes, I am No, I am not Is he? Yes, he is No, he isn't Is she? Yes, she is No, she isn't Is it? Yes, it is No, it isn't Are we? Yes, we are No, we aren't . Are you? Yes, you are No, you aren't Are they?

Yes, they are

No, they aren't

Еxamples: 1. What is your name? – Как вас зовут? 2. Where are you from? – Откуда вы? 3. I am from London. – Я из Лондона. 4. My father is not a teacher, he is a scientist. – Мой отец не учитель, он – ученый. 5. We are very happy here. – Мы очень счастливы здесь. 6. Are you happy here? – Yes, we are. – Вы счастливы здесь? – Да. Спряжение глагола to be (быть) в Past Simple Tense I was I was not He was He was not She was She was not It was It was not We were We were not You were You were not They were They were not Was I? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't. Was he? Yes, he was. Yes, No, he wasn't. Was she? she was. Yes, it No, she wasn't. Was it? was. No, it wasn't. Were we? Yes, we were. Yes, No, we weren't. Were you? you were. Yes, No, you weren't. Were they? they were. No, they weren't.

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Examples: 1. My aunt was very depressed last Sunday. – Моя тётя была расстроена в прошлое воскресенье. 2. Her husband was not at home. – Eё мужа не было дома. 3. The children were not at home, they were at school. – Детей не было дома, они были в школе. 4. Were they at home? No, they weren’t. – Они были дома? Нет. Спряжение глагола to be (быть) в Future Simple Tense I will be He will be She will be It will be

I will not be He will not be She will not be It will not be

We will be You will be They will be

We will not be You will not be They will not be

Shall I be? Will Yes, I shall. Yes, No, I shan't. No, he he be? Will she he will. Yes, she won't. No, she be? Will it be? will. won't. Shall we be? Yes, it will. No, it won't. Will you be? Yes, we shall. No, we shan't. No, Will they be? Yes, you will. you won't. Yes, they will. No, they won't.

Examples: 1. I will be an actor. – Я буду актёром. 2. You won’t be at home tomorrow. – Вас не будет дома завтра. 3. Will you be at home tomorrow? Yes, I will. – Вы будете завтра дома? Да. Употребление личных форм глагола В английском языке сложная система личных форм глагола. При описании употребления личных форм глагола принято делить их на следующие группы: 1. Группа простых форм (simple). 2. Группа длительных форм (continuous). 3. Группа перфектных форм (perfect). 4. Группа перфектно-длительных форм (perfect continuous).

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Группа простых форм (Simple) Группа Simple имеет три времени: настоящее (present simple), прошедшее (past simple) и будущее (future simple). Все времена группы simple могут употребляться для выражения: 1. однократного действия; 2. регулярно повторяющегося действия или постоянного признака предмета. Past simple и future simple могут также употребляться для выражения цепи последовательных действий. 2. PRESENT SIMPLE НАСТОЯЩЕЕ ПРОСТОЕ ВРЕМЯ Present simple совпадает с первой основной формой глагола – инфинитивом без частицы to для всех лиц и чисел, кроме третьего лица единственного числа. В этой форме к основе инфинитива прибавляется окончание –s или –es. Окончание –s прибавляется к основе большинства глаголов: (to) write – he writes (to) work – he works

писать – он пишет работать – он работает

Окончание –es используется тогда, когда глагол в инфинитиве оканчивается на: s, ss, ch, sh, tch, x, о: (to) dress – he dresses (to) watch – he watches (to) go – he goes

одеваться – он одевается наблюдать – он наблюдает ходить – он ходит

Если перед которой -y стоит согласная, то -y меняется на i; Если перед которой -y стоит гласная, то -y не меняется: (to) try – he tries

пытаться, стараться – он пытается, старается сказать – он говорит

(to) say – he says

Окончание третьего лица единственного числа читается как s после глухих согласных, как z после звонких согласных и гласных и как iz после s, ss s, sh , ch, tch t, x ks: asks sks, reads ri:dz,dresses dresiz. Вопросительная форма present simple образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола does для третьего лица единственного числа и глагола do для остальных лиц и чисел. Отрицательная форма present 140

simple образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do или does и отрицания not. He speaks. Он говорит. Does he speak? Говорит ли он? He does not speak. Он не говорит. Формы глагола в PRESENT SIMPLE Число

Утвердительная форма

Ед.

I (you) ask. He (she, it) asks.

Вопросительная форма Do I (you) ask? Does he (she, it) ask?

Мн.

We (you, they) ask.

Do we (you, they) ask?

Отрицательная форма I (you) do not ask. He (she, it) does not ask. We (you, they) do not ask.

Примечание. В разговорной речи вместо полных форм обычно используют сокращенные: dont dount, doesnt dznt. Present simple употребляется в основном для выражения: а) повторяющегося действия или признака, постоянно характеризующего предмет; б) общеизвестного факта в) для выражения действия в будущем (расписание самолетов, поездов, концертов, лекций). а) He often speaks English in class. Он часто говорит по-английски на уроке (повторяющееся действие). You aren’t going to leave me behind? I always go with you. Вы ведь не уедете без меня? Я всегда езжу с вами. He always comes to school on time. Он всегда приходит в школу вовремя (действие, постоянно характеризующее предмет). Kate does what she likes. Кейт делает то, что хочет. Milly is twenty-two… She is not a little girl. Милли двадцать два года. Она уже не маленькая (признак, характеризующий предмет). б) Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade. Вода кипит при температуре 100 градусов по Цельсию (общеизвестный факт). The traditions of boyhood live on in us. В нас всегда живут традиции, заложенные в детстве. в) The train arrives at 5.30 tomorrow morning. Поезд прибывает в 5.30 завтра утром (действие, происходящее по расписанию). 141

Для указания на повторный характер действия часто употребляются слова every day/week, month, year (каждый день/каждую неделю, месяц, год), often (часто), seldom (редко), always (всегда), usually (обычно), never (никогда). I eat an apple every evening. Я каждый вечер съедаю яблоко. I never meet anyone here. Я никогда никого здесь не встречаю. He had to stay in town (…), but he comes down at week-ends. Ему пришлось остаться в городе, но он приезжает на уик-энд. Наречия often, seldom, always, never, usually обычно ставятся перед смысловым глаголом, но после глагола to be. I never see him doing any work. Я никогда не вижу его за работой. Are you well? – Oh, I’m always well. Вы хорошо себя чувствуете? – Я всегда хорошо себя чувствую. 3. PRESENT CONTINUOUS НАСТОЯЩЕЕ ПРОДОЛЖЕННОЕ ВРЕМЯ Present continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени и четвертой основной формы глагола. Я говорю. Он говорит. Мы говорим.

I am speaking. He is speaking. We are speaking.

При образовании вопросительной формы глагол to be ставится перед подлежащим: Is he speaking? Говорит ли он? При образовании отрицательной формы между глаголом to be и формой смыслового глагола ставится отрицание not. Он не говорит.

He is not speaking.

Формы глагола в PRESENT CONTINUOUS Число

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Ед.

I am asking. You are asking. He (she, it) is asking.

Am I asking? Are you asking? Is he (she, it) asking?

Мн.

We (you, they) are asking.

Are we (you, they) asking?

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Отрицательная форма I am not asking. You are not (aren’t) asking. He (she, it) is not (isn’t) asking. We (you, they) are not (aren’t) asking.

Примечание 1. В разговорной речи вместо полных форм обычно используют сокращенные: isn’t iznt, aren’t :nt. Примечание 2. Обратите внимание, что в английском языке формы единственного и множественного числа второго лица совпадают. You are speaking English. Ты говоришь по-английски. Вы говорите по-английски. 1. Present continuous употребляется для выражения конкретного действия, длящегося в настоящий момент или период ближайшего настоящего. Указание на время типа now (сейчас), at the moment (в данный момент), today (сегодня), this week (на этой неделе) может быть либо выражено, либо подразумеваться. He is reading a book (now, at the moment). Он читает книгу (сейчас, в настоящий момент). Well, what are you doing now? Are you still singing? Кстати, чем вы сейчас (т. е. в настоящий момент) занимаетесь? Вы все еще продолжаете заниматься пением? “She is telling the truth now”, said Ross decidedly. “It’s a pity she didn’t do it before.” “Сейчас (т. е. в данный момент) она говорит правду”, – сказал Росс решительно. – “Жаль, что раньше она этого не делала”. Where is Kitty? – Susan is putting her to bed. Где Китти? – Сюзанна укладывает ее спать. 2. Present Continuous употребляется для выражения временной ситуации. We are staying at the Park Hotel at present. Мы живём в Парк Отеле в настоящий момент. 3. В этом времени мы можем говорить об изменениях и развитии. His English is getting better. Его английский становится лучше. The weather is changing. Погода меняется. Note: с глаголами, которые обозначают не действие, а состояние present continuous обычно не употребляется: to feel (чувствовать), to be (быть, находиться), to live (жить), to stay (оставаться), to hear (слышать), to see (видеть), to know (знать), to remember (помнить), to think (думать), to want (хотеть), to like (любить/нравиться), to love (любить) и др. 143

Иногда глаголы состояния употребляются в present continuous для большей выразительности и для того, чтобы подчеркнуть, что это состояние – временное. I know I am being a baby but I can’t help it. Я знаю, что я веду себя как ребенок, но я ничего не могу с собой поделать (Я веду себя как ребенок только сейчас). “How are you feeling?” – “Marvellous,” she said. “Как вы себя сейчас чувствуете?” – “Превосходно”, – сказала она (Именно сейчас, в данный момент). 4. Present continuous иногда выражает чью-либо постоянную характеристику. В предложении в этом случае обычно стоят наречия always (всегда), constantly (постоянно). Такое предложение является очень выразительным; в нем показано отношение говорящего (обычно отрицательное) к тому, что говорится в предложении. She is constantly finding fault with me. Она постоянно придирается ко мне (отрицательное отношение – обида). He is always doing something to make himself notorious. Он всегда делает что-нибудь, чтобы обратить на себя внимание (отрицательное отношение). 5. Present continuous может употребляться будущего действия, которое запланировано заранее.

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Now listen, Roger’s coming home tomorrow. You know he is leaving Eton for good. Послушай, Роджер приезжает домой завтра. Вы знаете, он оставляет Итон навсегда. I’m leaving for Port Elisabeth by car tomorrow at dawn. Завтра на рассвете я уезжаю на машине в Порт Элизабет. В русском языке здесь также будет использовано настоящее время. 4. DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES СТЕПЕНИ СРАВНЕНИЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ Прилагательные в английском языке не имеют категории рода, числа, падежа. Качественные прилагательные в английском языке имеют три степени сравнения: положительную, сравнительную и превосходную. 1. Односложные и двусложные прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на y, er, ow образуют сравнительную степень путем прибавления к 144

положительной степени суффикса –er, и превосходную степень – путем прибавления суффикса –est. small маленький funny смешной

smaller меньше funnier смешнее

smallest наименьший funniest самый смешной

clever умный narrow узкий

cleverer умнее narrower уже

cleverest самый умный narrowest самый узкий

Правила орфографии: а) Если прилагательное в положительной степени оканчивается на немую е, то при прибавлении -er, -est эта буква опускается. large большой

larger больше

largest самый большой

б) Если прилагательное в положительной степени оканчивается на согласную с предыдущей ударной гласной, то конечная согласная удваивается. big большой

bigger больше

biggest самый большой

в) Если прилагательное оканчивается на -у с предыдущей согласной, то в сравнительной и превосходной степени -y меняется на -i + -er или – est. busy занятой

busier более занятой

busiest самый занятой

2. Некоторые прилагательные в английском языке образуют степени сравнения не посредством суффиксов, а от другого корня, их надо запомнить. good хороший bad плохой little мало many / much много far далёкий

better лучше worse хуже less меньше more больше farther дальше расстоянию) further дольше времени)

best самый хороший worst худший least меньше всего most больше всего (по farthest самый далёкий (по расстоянию) (по furthest дольше всего (по времени)

3. Остальные двусложные и многосложные прилагательные образуют степени сравнения при помощи слов: more более или less менее, most самый или least наименее, которые ставятся перед прилагательным в положительной степени.

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modern современный interesting интересный

most modern самый more modern современнее современный most interesting самый more interesting интереснее интересный less interesting менее least interesting интересный наименее (самый не) интересный

Примечание: Прилагательные в превосходной степени употребляются определенным артиклем, если по смыслу не требуется местоимение. Moscow is the largest city in our country. Москва самый большой город в нашей стране.

с

4. После прилагательного в сравнительной степени всегда часто употребляется союз than – чем. My son is younger than you. Мой сын моложе, чем вы. После прилагательного в превосходной степени часто употребляются предлоги in (в) или of (из). She is the best student in the group. Она лучшая студентка в группе. She is the cleverest of all. Она самая умная. 5. PLURAL OF NOUNS МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЕ ЧИСЛО СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ Имена существительные в английском языке изменяются по числам: единственное и множественное. К существительным во множественном числе прибавляется окончание –s, которое читается: 1) как z после звонких согласных и после гласных: bed - beds кровати pen - pens ручки tie - ties галстуки 2) как s после глухих согласных: list - lists списки map - maps карты 3) К именам существительным, оканчивающимся на буквы –s, -ss, -x, -ch прибавляется окончание –es, которое произносится iz. kiss - kisses поцелуи match - matches спички 4) Если существительное оканчивается на о, прибавляется окончание –es hero - heroes герои negro - negroes негры Исключением являются слова: piano - pianos рояли photo - photos фотографии 146

video - videos видео radio - radios радио kilo - kilos килограммы 5) Если существительное оканчивается на букву y с предыдущей согласной, при прибавлении окончания –es буква y меняется на букву i: сity - cities города baby - babies дети 6) Если существительное оканчивается на букву f или fe при прибавлении окончания –es буква f меняется на v: wife - wives жёны shelf - shelves полки Исключением являются слова: roof - roofs крыши cliff - cliffs утёсы handkerchief - handkerchiefs носовые платки proof – proofs доказательства 7) Существует ряд существительных, которые образую множественное число иным путём, их надо запомнить. мужчина man – men woman – women женщина мужчины женщины ребенок - дети человек - люди child – children person – people мышь - мыши бык - быки mouse – mice ox – oxen ступня - ступни зуб - зубы foot – feet tooth – teeth овца -овцы олень - олени sheep – sheep deer – deer рыба - рыбы вошь - вши fish – fish louse – lice 6. ARTICLES АРТИКЛИ 1. Артикли – это служебные слова, которые не имеют самостоятельного значения и являются особыми определителями существительных. В английском языке существует два артикля: неопределенный (indefinite) a и определенный (definite) the. Оба артикля являются неизменяемыми словами. 2. Неопределенный артикль употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными единственного числа и может иметь значение один из, дает какое-то понятие о предмете, название предмета. Если существительное начинается с гласной, употребляется артикль an. a girl an apple a pen an egg This is a pen. Это ручка (неопределенная ручка, мы говорим о ней впервые). 147

3. Неопределенный артикль также употребляется с прилагательным, которое согласуется с существительным. That’s a nice garden. Это красивый сад. Are you a good driver? Вы хороший водитель? 4. Артикль a / an употребляется: 1) фразы, выражающими количество: a pair of ; a number of ; a few of I need a pair of sunglasses. Мне нужны очки от солнца. 2) С фразами, выражающими частоту совершения действия: once a day один раз в день; twice a week дважды в неделю Helen works eight hours a day, six days a week. Хелен работает 8 часов в день, 6 дней в неделю. 5. Артикль a / an употребляется, когда мы говорим о профессии. My father is a driver. Мой отец водитель. 6. Определенный артикль the употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными единственного и множественного числа в тех случаях, когда ясно, о каком конкретном предмете или человеке идет речь. The pen in your hand is red. Ручка в твоей руке красная. 7. Мы употребляем артикль the, когда ясно из ситуации что имеется в виду. Will you open the door, please. 8. Мы употребляем артикль the, когда говорим о предмете, являющемся единственным в своем роде: the sky – небо; the moon – луна; the sea – море; the sun – солнце, etc. There are so many stars in the sky. На небе так много звёзд. 9. Также с артиклем the употребляются следующие существительные: the cinema, the theatre, the radio, the station, the airport, the capital I go to the cinema every month. Я хожу в кино каждый месяц. the same – такой же. Му dress is the same colour as yours. Моё платье такого же цвета как твоё. 10. Мы употребляем the с прилагательным, обозначающим национальность во множественном числе: the French, the English, the Spanish, the Chinese, the Japanese The French are famous for their food. Французы известны своей кухней. 11. а) с названиями стран мы употребляем the, если в название страны входит Republic, Kingdom, States etc. Have you been to the United States? Ты был в Соединенных Штатах? б) с названиями рек, морей, океанов, каналов, пустынь. Have you been to the Black Sea? Ты был на Чёрном море? в) с названиями отелей, ресторанов, театров, музеев, галерей, газет, организаций. Have you been to the British Museum? Ты был в Британском музее? 148

12. Мы не употребляем артикли, если перед существительным есть: Указательные местоимения this / these; that / those. This book is mine. Эта книга моя. Притяжательные прилагательные my, his, our, your, her, their Her dress is nice. Её платье красивое. Если после существительного есть числительное: Room 5; page 30; Gate 10 Our train leaves from Platform 3. Со словами: breakfast; lunch; dinner; bed; work; home What time is dinner? Во сколько ужин? Let’s go home. Давай пойдем домой. С названиями континентов; стран; островов; городов; горных вершин; озёр (если перед названием стоит слово lake); именами людей: улиц; дорог; парков; площадей. Africa; England; Tasmania; Paris, Everest; Lake Baikal; Pete; Doctor Johnson; Wall Street, Queen Road. Pete has been to London, England. Mr Johnson went along Wall Street. 6. PAST SIMPLE ПРОШЕДШЕЕ ПРОСТОЕ ВРЕМЯ Past simple правильных глаголов образуется при помощи окончания –ed или –d, прибавляемого к основе инфинитива. Окончание –ed используется в большинстве случаев. ask — he asked (спрашивать — он спросил) answer — he answered (отвечать — он ответил) Окончание –d прибавляется к основе инфинитива, если она оканчивается на e. invite — he invited (приглашать — он пригласил) decide — he decided (решать — он решил) Если глагол оканчивается на y, перед которой стоит согласная, y перед окончанием –ed меняется на i. try — he tried (пытаться — он пытался) Если глагол оканчивается на у, перед которой стоит гласная, у не меняется перед окончанием. play — he played (играть — он играл) Если глагол оканчивается на согласную, которой предшествует краткий ударный гласный, конечная согласная удваивается. plan — he planned (планировать — он планировал) Примеры: The teacher asked some questions last lesson. I invited my friends to the party. He tried to do the task properly. They played football well last year. We planned our holiday yesterday. 149

Past simple неправильных глаголов образуется особо (см. Приложение). Неправильные глаголы нужно запомнить сразу во всех основных формах. be — was / were begin — began have — had

go — went do — did know — knew

see — saw

sleep — slept

come — came feel — felt meet — met stand — stood

Примеры: He was at home yesterday evening. She began her report with greetings. We had a party last Sunday. I slept well last night. He felt unwell yesterday. They met me when I was at school. Вопросительная форма past simple образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do в форме did, который ставится перед подлежащим. Основной глагол при этом ставится в форме инфинитива без частицы to. Примеры: Did the teacher ask any questions in our last lesson? Yes, he did. / No he didn’t. Did you invite your friends to the party? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Did they plan their holiday yesterday? Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. Did you sleep well last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Did he feel unwell yesterday? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. Отрицательная форма past simple образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do в форме did, за которым идет отрицание not. В разговорной речи вместо полной формы обычно используется сокращенная: didn’t didnt. Примеры: The teacher didn’t ask any questions last lesson. I didn’t invite my friends to the party. They didn’t plan their holiday yesterday. I didn’t sleep well last night. He didn’t feel ill yesterday. Формы глагола в PAST SIMPLE Число Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Ед. и мн.

Did I (you, he, she, it, we, they) ask?

I (you, he, she, it, we, they) asked.

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Отрицательная форма I (you, he, she, it, we, they) did not ask

Past simple употребляется для выражения: 1. законченного действия в указанное время в прошлом; Используемые наречия: yesterday; the day before yesterday; last week; last night; last year; in 1987; two days ago; when I was a child. Yesterday we went swimming (Вчера мы плавали). They visited the British Museum last year (Они посетили Британский Музей в прошлом году). 2. повторяющегося действия в прошлом, которое больше не происходит; My father took me to the park when I was a child (Мой папа водил меня в парк, когда я была ребенком). I studied music when I was at school (Я занималась музыкой, когда училась в школе). Примечание. Если повторное действие или признак, которые были в прошлом, в настоящем уже не имеют места, употребляется сочетание used to + инфинитив. Такое сочетание переводится на русский язык словами «бывало, раньше», или «раньше, обычно», «когда-то». Willy Lomas? I don’t think I know him…I used to go to school with him. Вилли Ломас? Вряд ли я его знаю... Мы когда-то учились вместе. Why don’t you work? — I did my best, but there’s no work for me in this city. I used to be an honest man before I started looking for a job. Почему Вы не работаете? —Я старался изо всех сил, но для меня нет работы в этом городе. Я был (когда-то) честным человеком до того, как начал искать работу. 3. действий, происходящих одно за другим в прошлом. He took a book, opened it and began reading. Он взял книгу, открыл ее и стал читать (цепь последовательных действий). I saw you (…) You waved, I got off at the next station and came right back. Я увидел тебя. Ты помахала мне рукой, я сошел на следующей станции и сразу же вернулся. 7. THERE IS / THERE ARE Оборот there is / there are употребляется для описания местности, местоположения (на столе, в сумке, в комнате, в классе, в городе, в стране, в мире) и отвечает на вопрос Где? В предложении оборот there is / there are ставится в начале предложения, а переводится с «конца», с обстоятельства места. There is употребляется с существительным единственного числа: e.g. There is a book on the desk. На парте есть книга. 151

There are употребляется с существительным множественного числа: e.g. There are some books on the desk. На парте есть (несколько, какие-то) книги. Отрицательные предложения образуются при помощи отрицательной частицы not после глаголов is/are ( isn’t / aren’t) e.g. There isn’t a book on the desk. There is no book on the desk. На парте нет книги. e.g. There aren’t any books on the desk. There no books on the desk. На парте нет книг. Глаголы is / are выносятся на первое место при образовании вопросительных предложений. e.g. Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. e.g. Are there any books on the desk? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t. При образовании специальных вопросов вопросительное слово ставится перед общим вопросом: e.g. What is there on the desk? Что есть на парте? Местоимения some/any употребляются с исчисляемыми существительными множественного числа - some books; some tables и с неисчисляемыми существительными - some water; some sugar. Some испольльзуется для утвердительных предложений. Any – для отрицательных и вопросительных предложений. e.g There are some books on the shelf. There aren’t any books on the shelf. Are there any books on the shelf? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t. Но при образовании просьбы или предложения употребляется some. e.g. Can I have some tea, please? Would you like some tea? 8. PRESENT PERFECT НАСТОЯЩЕЕ СОВЕРШЕННОЕ ВРЕМЯ Present perfect образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола have в настоящем времени (have, has) и третьей основной формы смыслового глагола. I have already seen this film . Я уже видел этот фильм. He has been to London twice. Он был в Лондоне дважды. В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим + третья форма смыслового глагола. Have you seen this film yet? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Вы уже видели этот фильм? Да. Нет. 152

Has he been to London twice? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. Он был в Лондоне дважды? Да. Нет. В отрицательном предложении после вспомогательного глагола ставится отрицание not. I have not seen this film yet. Я еще не видел этот фильм. He has not been to London. Он еще не был в Лондоне. Формы глагола в PRESENT PERFECT Число Ед. Мн.

Утвердительная форма I (you) have asked. He (she, it) has asked. We (you, they) have asked.

Вопросительная форма Have I (you) asked? Has he (she, it) asked? Have we (you, they) asked?

Отрицательная форма I (you) have not asked. He (she, it) has not asked. We (you, they) have not asked.

Примечание. В разговорной речи вместо полных форм обычно используют сокращенные: haven’t hævnt, hasn’t['hæznt]. Present perfect употребляется: 1. Для выражения действия, происходившего до настоящего момента и уже завершенного или прекратившегося к этому моменту. Время, когда именно происходило действие, выраженное present perfect, не упоминается. Важно только то, что это действие связано с настоящей ситуацией, которая является его результатом: I have read this book by now. I can give it to you, if you want. Я (уже) прочла эту книгу. Я могу дать ее тебе, если хочешь. ‘Have read’ (прочла) выражает действие, завершенное к моменту речи (к тому времени, когда мы разговариваем). Действие закончилось до настоящей ситуации, его результатом является то, что сейчас я могу дать тебе книгу. Have you opened your books? Вы открыли книги? (Здесь спрашивающий хочет знать, открыты ли сейчас книги.) “Have you decided where you are going?” — “I have changed my mind, I don’t think I’m going away after all.” «Ты уже решила, куда ты едешь?» (т. е. знаешь ли ты, можешь ли сейчас сказать, куда ты едешь.) — «Я передумала, я думаю, что никуда не поеду» (т. е. в результате того, что я изменила свое мнение, я никуда не поеду.) How stuffy it is here! Haven’t you had a window open? Как здесь душно! Вы что, (до сих пор) не открыли окно? Связь действия, обозначаемого present perfect, с настоящей ситуацией иногда выражается указанием на период времени в настоящем,

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который еще не закончен: today (сегодня), this week (на этой неделе), this month, year (в этом месяце, году) и др. Have you read the paper this morning? Вы читали газету сегодня утром? (сейчас еще утро) We have known each other since we were children. Мы знаем друг друга с детства (т. е. мы познакомились в детстве и продолжаем знакомство сейчас.) “Stephen! What are you doing here?” — “I have holidays. I’ve been here for a few days already.” «Стивен! Что ты здесь делаешь?» — «Отдыхаю. Я здесь уже несколько дней». В таких предложениях обычно указывается, когда началось это действие или состояние (‘since we were children’) или сколько времени оно продолжается (‘for a few days’). Предложения с present perfect часто содержат слова already(уже), never (никогда), ever (когда-либо), yet (еще не, уже – употребляется только в отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях, ставится в конце предложения), just (только что) You have never told me why you are called Tony as your name is James. Вы никогда не говорили мне (т. е. я не понимаю), почему вас зовут Тони, когда ваше имя Джеймс. Dr. Browning hasn’t arrived yet. Have you spoken to him about coming to see me? – I haven’t had the chance yet. Доктор Браунинг еще не приходил. А ты говорила с ним о том, чтобы он зашел ко мне? — У меня еще не было такой возможности. He is my closest friend in Cambridge and the closest I have ever had. Он мой самый близкий друг в Кембридже и самый близкий из всех друзей, которые у меня когда-либо были. 2. Present perfect иногда обозначает параллельные действия или состояния, начавшиеся в прошлом и продолжающиеся в настоящее время. Употребляются предлоги since; for для указания на период времени. They have known each other since 2018 (for 11 months). Они знают друг друга с 2018 (11 месяцев). 3. Мы употребляем Present Perfect, когда говорим о жизненном опыте, о новостях или изменениях Have you ever been to London? I have been there twice. Вы были когда-нибудь в Лондоне? Я был там дважды. 9. PAST PERFECT ПРОШЕДШЕЕ СОВЕРШЕННОЕ ВРЕМЯ Past perfect образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола had и третьей основной формы смыслового глагола. В вопросительном 154

предложении вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим. В отрицательном предложении после вспомогательного глагола ставится отрицание not. Он спросил. Спросил ли он? Он не спросил.

He had asked. Had he asked? He had not asked.

Формы глагола в PAST PERFECT Число

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Ед. и мн.

I (you, he, she, it, we, they) had asked.

Had I (you, he, she, it, we, they) asked?

Отрицательная форма I (you, he, she, it, we, they) had not asked.

Примечание. В разговорной речи вместо полной формы обычно используют сокращенную: hadn’t ['hædnt]. Past perfect употребляется: 1. для выражения действия, завершившегося до какого-либо момента в прошлом: He had read the book by 5 o’clock yesterday (before I came; when I came). Он прочел книгу к пяти часам вечера (до того, как я пришел; когда я пришел). Форма ‘had read’ (прочел) обозначает действие, завершенное в прошлом до определенного момента или до другого действия: ‘by 5 o’clock’, ‘before I came’, ‘when I came’. 2. в предложениях, в которых одно действие завершилось раньше другого действия в прошлом: He had read the book when I came. Когда я пришел, он уже прочитал книгу. I had hardly read more than the three first chapters when my attention was diverted by a conversation. Не успел я прочесть (едва я прочел) первые три главы, как мое внимание привлек чей-то разговор. 3. законченное действие, которое имело результат в прошлом: She was sad because she had failed the test. Она была печальна, потому что провалила тест. Если в предложении представлена цепь последовательных действий, употребляется Past Simple. He closed the window and sat down in the armchair. Он закрыл окно и сел в кресло. When (after) he closed the window he sat down in the armchair. 155

Когда (после того как) он закрыл окно, он сел в кресло. 10. MODAL VERBS МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ В английском языке имеется группа глаголов, лексическое значение которых выражает отношение к действию, т.е. возможность совершения действия, вероятность совершения действия, необходимость совершения действия и т. д. Такие глаголы называются модальными. Само же действие выражается инфинитивом смыслового глагола, следующим за модальным глаголом. Модальные глаголы имеют следующие особенности: 1) У них нет форм инфинитива и причастий. 2) Они не спрягаются, т. е. не изменяются по лицам и числам. 3) Инфинитив смыслового глагола следует за ними без частицы to. 4) Они не употребляются в форме повелительного наклонения. Для образования отрицательной формы после модального глагола ставится отрицательная частичка not. Для образования вопросительной формы модальный глагол ставится перед подлежащим. Наиболее употребительные модальные глаголы: Can – мочь, уметь, спрашивать и давать разрешения. My son can already read. Мой сын уже умеет читать. My son can not read. Мой сын не умеет читать. Can your son read? Yes, he can. Ваш сын умеет читать? Да. Нет. No, he can’t. He can go to the cinema, he has Он может пойти в кино, у него time. есть время. You can take my car tonight. Вы можете взять мою машину сегодня вечером. Must – должен, для выражения необходимости, обязательности. I must do this work now. Я должен сделать эту работу сейчас. I must not do this work now. Я не должен делать эту работу сейчас. Must you do this work now? Вы должны сделать эту работу сейчас? Yes, I must. No, I mustn’t. Да. Нет. Have to – должен, имеет формы прошедшего и будущего времени: had to; will have to You have to study hard. Вы должны учиться усердно. Для образования отрицательной формы употребляется вспомогательный глагол do/does + not have to; did not have to; will not have to.

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You don’t have to work hard. Вы не должны работать много. He doesn’t have to attend the meeting. Ему не надо посещать собрания. I didn’t have to make a report. Я не должен был делать доклад. Для образования вопросительной формы, вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим. Do you have to study hard? Yes, I do. Вы должны учиться усердно? Да. Did he have to attend the meetings? Он должен был посещать собрания? No, he didn't. Нет. May – выражает возможность или разрешение. You may take my book. Ты можешь взять мою книгу. You may not take my book. Ты не можешь взять мою книгу. May I take your book? Yes, you may. Могу я взять твою книгу? Да. You may be ill. Ты возможно болен. ФУНКЦИИ МОДАЛЬНЫХ ГЛАГОЛОВ функции

модальные глаголы

обязательство, необходимость

must / have to

coвет

should

запрет

mustn’t

отсутствие необходимости

needn’t / don’t have to

способность

can

разрешение просьба

can / may

11. FUTURE SIMPLE БУДУЩЕЕ ПРОСТОЕ ВРЕМЯ Future simple образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола will + смысловой глагол в форме инфинитива без частицы to. to ask — I will ask спрашивать — я спрошу he will ask он спросит В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим. В отрицательном предложении после вспомогательного глагола ставится отрицание not. He will ask. Он спросит. Will he ask? Спросит ли он? He will not ask. Он не спросит.

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Формы глагола в FUTURE SIMPLE Число

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Ед.

I will ask. You (he, she, it) will ask.

Shall I ask? Will you (he, she, it) ask?

Мн.

We will ask. You (they) will ask.

Shall we ask? Will you (they) ask?

Отрицательная форма I shall not ask. You (he, she, it) will not (won’t) ask. We shall not ask. You (they) will not (won’t) ask.

Примечание. В современном английском языке глагол shall употребляется в первом лице единственного и множественного числа только в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях. Future simple употребляется для выражения: 1. решения принятого в момент говорения It is hot here. I will open the window. Здесь жарко. Я открою окно. 2. надежды, предложения, обещания, предсказания Используемые выражения: expect, hope, believe, I’m sure, I’m afraid, probably I hope he will be a good pupil. Я надеюсь, он будет хорошим учеником. I only hope she will be sensible. Я только надеюсь, она будет благоразумной. She will probably buy a new dress. Она, возможно, купит новое платье. В предложениях с future simple для указания на будущее время часто употребляются слова tomorrow (завтра), next week/month, year (на следующей неделе/в следующем месяце, году), in two days (через два дня), one of these days (на днях) и т. д. We will have rain tomorrow. Завтра будет дождь. В придаточных предложениях времени или условия для выражения будущих действий употребляется present simple, а не future simple. When he reads this book he will return it to the library. Когда он прочтет эту книгу, он вернет ее в библиотеку. “If you want me, just call,” said Mrs. McPhail. «Если я буду нужна вам, только позвоните», – сказала миссис Макфайл.

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12. FUTURE PLANS ПЛАНЫ НА БУДУЩЕЕ В английском языке планы на будущее могут быть выражены несколькими способами. В таблице предложены варианты с примерами. be going to (собираться делать) 1) запланированное на ближайшее будущее, но не подготовленное действие She is going to visit her parents tomorrow. 2) намерение сделать что-то I’m going to lay the table for dinner. 3) что-то произойдёт в будущем, с доказательством в настоящем (нечто очевидное) Ann is going to have a baby.

Present Continuous Запланированные и подготовленные действия (планы), которые произойдут в ближайшем будущем. He is having a birthday party this Sunday (he has bought the food sent out the invitations, etc)

13. COMPLEX OBJECT СЛОЖНОЕ ДОПОЛНЕНИЕ В английском языке существует конструкция, называемая сложным дополнением, которая состоит из двух частей: первая часть – существительное или местоимение в объектном падеже, обозначающие лицо или предмет; вторая часть – инфинитив, причастие, которые выражают действие, присущее лицу или предмету, обозначенному в первой части. Вся конструкция выполняет в предложении функцию дополнения, употребляется лишь после некоторых глаголов и переводится на русский язык дополнительным придаточным предложением. I want you to help me. Я хочу, чтобы ты мне помог. После глаголов want, expect, would like в конструкции вторая часть выражена инфинитивом с частицей to. The teacher wants the students to understand him. Учитель хочет, чтобы студенты поняли его. I would like you to read this book. Я хотел бы, чтобы вы прочитали эту книгу. We expect her to come home tomorrow. Мы ожидаем, что она приедет домой завтра. После глаголов see, watch, notice, hear, make, let в конструкции вторая часть выражена инфинитивом без частицы to или причастием 1 I saw you cross the road. Я видел, как ты перешёл дорогу. She heard him playing the piano. 159

Она слышала, как он играл на пианино. We noticed them enter the room. Мы заметили, как они вошли в комнату. We watched her dancing. Мы наблюдали, как она танцевала. Who makes you tidy the room? Кто заставляет тебя убирать комнату? Let me do it for you. Позволь мне сделать это для тебя. 14. PASSIVE VOICE ПАССИВНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ В английском языке глаголы могут иметь два залога: действительный (the Active Voice) и страдательный (the Passive Voice). Глагол в действительном залоге показывает, что действие выполняется лицом или предметом, обозначенным подлежащим. Глагол в страдательном залоге показывает, что лицо или предмет испытывает воздействие. Страдательный залог образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола be и причастия прошедшего времени (третья форма глагола). Present Simple Асtive They often invite me to the parties. Они часто приглашают меня на вечеринки. She cleans the room every day. Она убирает комнату каждый день. We read a lot of books. Мы читаем много книг.

Passive I am often invited to the parties. Меня часто приглашают на вечеринки. The room is cleaned every day. Комнату убирают каждый день A lot of books are read by us. Много книг читаются нами.

Past Simple Асtive I cleaned my room. Я вымыл свою комнату. We read these books. Мы прочитали эти книги.

Passive My room was cleaned. Комната была вымыта. These books were read. Эти книги были прочитаны. Future simple

Асtive They will do the exercise. Они сделают упражнение.

Passive The exercise will be done. Упражнение будет сделано.

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Simple am/are/is + past participle

Continuous am/are/is being + past participle

Perfect

Perfect Continuous

have/has been + past participle —

Present English is spoken here. was/were + past participle Past I wasn’t invited, but I went.

Excuse the mess: the house is being painted. was/were being + past participle I felt I was being watched.

had been + past participle — I knew I had been forgotten. will have been + past participle

will be + past participle —

Future

Has Mary been told?

You will be told soon.

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Everything will have been done by Tuesday.

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RESOURCES 1. Мошняга, Е. В. Английский язык: туризм, гостеприимство, платёжные средства [Текст]: учеб. пособие / Е. В. Мошняга: Российская международная академия туризма (Профессиональное туристское образование). – М.: Советский спорт, 2007. – 246 с. 2. Фонетический практикум к учебнику «Английский язык. Туризм, гостеприимство, платежные средства» (Е. В. Мошняга). Сост. О. Н. Ратуева. – Красноярск: ВСИТ, 2006. – 28 с. 3. Murphy R. English Grammar in Use. – Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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