Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual [01, Second Edition]

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CuvERNMENT OF DUBAI

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RNMENT OF DUBAI

Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual Volume 01

(Second Edition)

• • COPYRIGHT © Roads & Transport Authority All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopy without the permission of the Roads & Transport Authority. Published by Roads & Transport Authority

P. 0. Box 118899, Dubai, U.A.E. ISBN: {To be Provided)

Foreword The Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) of Dubai was formed in November 2005 following a decade of tremendous economic growth and an exponential increase in demand for transport. RTA is responsible for planning and providing the requirements of transport, roads and traffic in Dubai in order to develop an effective and integrated transport system capable of achieving Dubai's vision and serving the vital interests of the Emirate. A key component of this responsibility is safe travel on the roadway network, and easy to understand signage and addressing within the Emirate of Dubai. This component is integral with RTA's vision of "Safe and Smooth Transport for All". RTA is committed to designing, constructing and maintaining the roadway network according to the highest standards and international specifications using the latest technical knowledge to conform to Dubai's unique environment as an international commercial and business destination. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual 2nd Edition updates the previous 2004 1st Edition. The manual provides comprehensive signage design and addressing guidelines that will simplify and inform drivers from all parts of the globe as they live, work and visit Dubai. This manual constitutes a comprehensive technical reference for all standards and specifications necessary to establish and implement an addressing system that would provide all residents in Dubai with a unique address and to design and install guide signs, pavement markings and traffic signals within the Emirate. We are confident that this manual will contribute to sustain the high standards of discipline for which our traffic network has always been known for. Moreover, it will enhance traffic safety due to less confusion for drivers, hence protecting lives of the road network users, which is regarded as one of our most important strategic goals.

H.E. Mattar Al Tayer Chairman of the Board and Executive Director, Roads & Transport Authority

• • •

Foreword The safety of Dubai's transportation system is of profound importance to the achievement of Dubai's economic and social development objectives. Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) is proud of its record in managing the successful implementation of a variety of transport investment projects on behalf of the government and its citizens whilst ensuring safety to the road users. Our goal is to improve upon this success as Dubai continues its rapid population and employment growth. For this reason, I am pleased to present the latest edition of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual 2nd Edition which updates the previous 2004 edition to reflect the need for clarity and comprehensiveness for the much larger residential and visitor base that exists currently in the Emirate. The new Manual reflects a revised addressing and signage system that is integrated and consistent, to help all drivers efficiently navigate the increasingly complex transportation network in Dubai. Furthermore, the integrated system will simplify the way finding process by which road users reach their destinations. Finally, the building addressing system that provides unique street name addressing to all buildings will assist both emergency responders and direct mail/package deliveries to individual homes and businesses, while strengthening the sense of place for all residents. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual has been prepared as a set of guidelines to be used in the preparation of standardized signing, pavement markings and traffic signal designs. Specifically, some key objectives achieved by this Manual include: •

Supporting the process of having unique street names in Dubai -- including all local streets -- rather than repeating similar numbered streets in multiple communities.

•

Standardizing the method by which several adjacent communities can be grouped into larger districts that will be used as part of wayfinding in Dubai.

•

Standardizing the overhead and roadside signage displays to lessen confusion and provide more clarity to all drivers.

•

Adding new regulatory and warning signs to keep pace with the growth and modernization of the Dubai transportation network.

•

Acknowledging the role that pedestrians and public transport play in transportation and introducing signage that supports this.

These guidelines have been prepared following a comprehensive assessment of current practices and local characteristics in Dubai and best practices from a number of international locations. The publishing of this Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual represents a further step towards ensuring that our roadways remain world leaders in safety.

Eng. Maitha Mohammed Bin Adai Chief Executive Officer, Traffic & Roads Agency

Technical Committee The following members served on a project technical advisory committee in overseeing the development of the 2nd Edition of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual. This invaluable contribution reflect the importance attached to a Manual as fundamental as this. Their contribution is gratefully acknowledged.

Advisory: •

H.E. Mattar Al Tayer - Chairman of the Board and Executive Director

•

Eng Maitha bin Adai - Chief Executive Officer, Traffic & Road Agency

Technical Committee: •

Eng. Hussain Mohammed Al Sanna

•

Eng. Tarek Waleed Abu Gharbieh

•

Eng. Nabil Mohammed Saleh

•

Dr. Abdel Malek I Abu Sheikh

•

Eng. Adel Mohammed Al Marzooqi

•

Eng. Saad Al Asady

•

Eng. Nasser Abu Shehah

•

Eng. Ali Mohammed Abdul Kareem

•

Eng. Nazim Faisal Saeed

•

Eng. Salem Al Rimawi

•

Eng. Syed Mohiuddin Afroz

•

Eng. Bassem Vasser Abu Shakra

• Authors: This Manual had been developed for RTA under project TRD 114: Integrated Addressing System for the Emirate of Dubai by PARSONS Overseas Limited, Dubai.

Principal Authors: Donald P. Sefton, David B.P. Bain and Siegfried Grosskopf.

• • •

DTCDM- 2"d Edition

Introduction

INTRODUCTION Traffic control devices in Dubai are considered to be all signs, pavement markings and signals located with respect to any roadway or parking facility accessible to the motoring public and placed by authority of the Dubai Government through the Roads & Transport Authority (RTA). The purpose of traffic control devices is to regulate, warn or guide users of these transportation facilities. Prior to this Manual, the Dubai Municipality Traffic Control Devices Manual 2004 edition was in effect. That document was prepared at a time prior to the massive expansion program that has taken place in Dubai. This expansion is evident by Dubai's mushrooming skyline, by the amount of traffic on its roads, and in the ever increasing complexity of its transportation network. Because of these changes the RTA revised the addressing and signage systems in Dubai to achieve a fully integrated system which combines both addressing and traffic control devices into one uniform document. With these revisions Dubai will be able to provide a uniform and consistent guide sign system that will help drivers efficiently navigate the increasingly complex transportation network. The integrated system will simplify the way finding process, thus making it easier for road users to reach their destination. It will also provide a means of unique addressing of buildings that would assist emergency responders and allow direct delivery of mail to individual homes and businesses. In order to achieve all the objectives of an integrated signage system for Dubai, it was necessary to make some changes to the prior systems. These changes include: •

Giving every street in Dubai a name, including local streets within communities which previously relied on numbered streets which were repeated in each community;

•

Establishing new districts each of which contains several communities. These new district names will be used as an integral part of the address for each building;

•

Reducing the maximum amount of information that can be contained on a guide sign and thereby eliminating the problem of information overload;

•

Providing the route number cardinal direction and street name as the primary destination information on guide signs, with the secondary information being the district name;

•

Adding many new regulatory and warning signs as required by the increased modernization and expansion of the Dubai transportation network;

•

Introducing kilometer markers on Emirates routes;

The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual is broad in its coverage of the devices that it addresses. The Manual provides background information relevant to the use and application of various devices. The intent of this "textbook" approach is to provide the roadway designer with a basic understanding of the principles underlying the use of such traffic control devices. The Manual also provides the designer with specific guidelines for the use of each device described. In addition, detailed information is provided for use by Contractors and fabricators to allow signs to be laid out, fabricated and erected in a standardized manner. Finally, the Manual provides guidelines for the maintenance and management of the traffic control devices included in the Manual. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual comprises two Volumes that complement each other in their content and usage, as follows: Volume 1 contains general and specific policies, principles and guidelines for the usage of traffic control devices. An item by item description of each traffic control device is contained in Volume 1, with a color graphic of each device. Also included in Volume 1 are Typical Applications to illustrate the implementation of the principles for usage of various traffic control devices in a number of common situations. Both Arabic and English versions of Volume 1 are available.

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (i)

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Introduction

Volume 2 contains detailed information that is relevant primarily for use in the layout and manufacture of traffic signs. Dimensional details of all signs and legends are provided. In the case of warning and regulatory signs, and certain guide sign legend components, dimensions are provided in the form of placing the sign face on a dimensioned grid background. For guide signs, dimensions are provided in terms of height of the lettering used in the legend. Volume 2 also contains the standard Roads & Transport Authority (RTA) English and Arabic sign fonts, general specifications and sign structure details. Volume 2 is available only in an English version .

•

The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual has been prepared, to a large degree, as a set of guidelines to be used by transportation engineers in the preparation of signing and pavement marking designs. It is not intended to preclude good engineering judgment and should not be taken as a substitute for such. Throughout the manual, wording is used to describe the degree of latitude afforded the designer when considering directives within the Manual. The words "shall", "should" and "may" are to be taken within the following context: •

SHALL - A mandatory condition. Where certain requirements in the design or application of a traffic control device are described with the "shall" stipulation, it is mandatory that the requirement stipulated be adhered to. Deviations from such requirement must be thoroughly justified and approved by the Roads & Transport Authority.

•

SHOULD -An advisory condition. Where the word "should" is used in describing an element of design or application, it is considered an advisable usage that is strongly recommended, but not mandatory. Deviations from such conditions may be justified in some circumstances based on engineering judgment.

•

MAY - A permissive condition. Where the word "may" is used in describing an element of design or application, it is considered an optional usage. No requirement for design or application is intended.

As is the case with any document of this nature, it cannot be considered the final word on this subject, never to be changed. This document, being the second edition of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual, is likely to undergo updating from time to time as new signs and/or applications are added or current requirements are found to require amendment. It is the responsibility of each Manual user to ensure that they have the most current version of the Manual containing all of the revisions issued as updates to the original edition of the Manual.

•

ii

Volume 1

January 2015

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Introduction

Organization of this Manual: The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual is structured in two volumes. •

Volume 1 provides an overview of all signs, markings and signals that may be displayed on roads in Dubai and provides a guideline on how this should be done.

•

Volume 2 provides additional details on specific aspects of signs, markings and signals as well as specifications and standard drawings for signs and markings that may be used in tender documents.

This is Volume 1 and comprises of the following chapters: Chapter 1. General Provisions Chapter 2. Traffic Signs: General Chapter 3. Regulatory Signs Chapter 4. Warning Signs Chapter 5. Guide Signs and Addressing Chapter 6. Pavement Markings Chapter 7. Roadworks Traffic Control Chapter 8. Typical Applications Chapter 9. Traffic Signals Chapter 10. Maintenance Chapter 11. Glossary Volume 2 is provided in a separate document and contains the following chapters: Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. General Chapter 3. Regulatory Signs Chapter 4. Warning Signs Chapter 5. Guide Signs and Symbols Chapter 6. Pavement Markings Chapter 7. Traffic Signals Chapter 8. General Specifications Chapter 9. Typical Details Chapter 10. Administrative Procedures

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (iii)

• • • •

Foreword The Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) of Dubai was formed in November 2005 following a decade of tremendous economic growth and an exponential increase in demand for transport. The mission of the RTA is to develop integrated and sustainable transportation systems and provide distinguished services to all stakeholders to support Dubai's comprehensive growth plans through preparing policies and legislations, adapting technologies and innovative approaches, and implementing world-class practices and standards. A key component of this mission is safe travel on the roadway network, and easy to understand signage and addressing within the Emirate of Dubai. This component is integral with RTA's vision of "Safe and Smooth Transport for All". RTA is committed to designing, constructing and maintaining the roadway network according to the highest standards and international specifications using the latest technical knowledge to conform to Dubai's unique environment as an international commercial and business destination. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual 2nd Edition updates the previous 2004 1st Edition. The manual provides comprehensive signage design and addressing standards that will simplify and inform drivers from all parts of the globe as they live, work and visit Dubai. This manual constitutes a comprehensive technical reference for all standards and specifications necessary to establish and implement an addressing system that would provide all residents in Dubai with a unique address and to design and install guide signs, pavement markings and traffic signals within the Emirate. We are confident that this manual will contribute to sustain the high standards of discipline for which our traffic network has always been known for. Moreover, it will enhance traffic mobility and safety due to less confusion for drivers, hence protecting lives of the road network users, which is regarded as one of our most important strategic goals.

H.E. Mattar Al Tayer Chairman of the Board and Executive Director, Roads & Transport Authority

• • • •

Foreword The safety of Dubai's transportation system is of profound importance to the achievement of Dubai's economic and social development objectives. Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) is proud of its record in managing the successful implementation of a variety of transport investment projects on behalf of the government and its citizens whilst ensuring traffic mobility and safety to the road users. Our goal is to improve upon this success as Dubai continues its rapid population and employment growth. For this reason, I am pleased to present the second edition of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual which updates the previous 2004 edition to reflect the need for clarity and comprehensiveness for the much larger residential and visitor base that exists currently in the Emirate. The new Manual reflects a revised addressing and signage system that is integrated and consistent, to help all drivers efficiently navigate the increasingly complex transportation network in Dubai. Furthermore, the integrated system will simplify the wayfinding process by which road users reach their destinations. Finally, the building addressing system that provides unique street name addressing to all buildings will assist both emergency responders and direct mail/package deliveries to individual homes and businesses, while strengthening the sense of place for all residents. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual has been prepared as a set of standards and guidelines to be used in the preparation of standardized signing, pavement markings and traffic signal designs. Specifically, some key objectives achieved by this Manual include: •

Supporting the process of having unique street names in Dubai - including all local streets - rather than repeating similar numbered streets in multiple communities;

•

Standardizing the method by which several adjacent communities can be grouped into larger districts that will be used as part of wayfinding in Dubai;

•

Standardizing the overhead and roadside signage displays to lessen confusion and provide more clarity to all drivers;

•

Adding new regulatory and warning signs to keep pace with the growth and modernization of the Dubai transportation network;

•

Acknowledging the role that pedestrians and public transport play in transportation and introducing signage that supports this.

These standards and guidelines have been prepared following a comprehensive assessment of current practices and local characteristics in Dubai and best practices from a number of international locations. The publishing of this Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual represents a further step towards ensuring that our roadways remain world leaders in traffic mobility and safety.

Eng. Maitha Mohammed Bin Adai Chief Executive Officer, Traffic & Roads Agency

• • • •

Technical Committee The following members served on a project technical advisory committee in overseeing the development of the 2nd Edition of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual. This invaluable contribution reflects the importance attached to a Manual as fundamental as this. Their contribution is gratefully acknowledged.

Advisory: •

H.E. Mattar Al Tayer Chairman of the Board and Executive Director

•

Eng. Maitha Mohammed Bin Adai Chief Executive Officer, Traffic & Roads Agency

Technical Committee: •

Eng. Maitha Mohammed Bin Adai Chief Executive Officer, Traffic & Roads Agency

•

Eng. Hussain Mohammed Al Banna Director, Traffic Department

•

Eng. Ahmed Saeed Al Yammahi Acting Director, Roads Department

•

Eng. Tarek Waleed Abu Gharbieh Manager, Traffic Engineering

•

Eng. Ali Mohammed Abdul Kareem Manager, Traffic Sign and Road Marking Maintenance

•

Eng. Syed Mohiuddin Afroz Chief Specialist, Traffic

•

Eng. Saad Al Asady Chief Specialist, Traffic Safety

•

Eng. Nasser Waleed Salama Senior Engineer, Traffic

•

Eng. Bassem Vasser Abu Shakra Chief Engineer, Traffic

Project Consultant:

PAR SD NS

• • • •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Introduction

INTRODUCTION Traffic control devices in Dubai are considered to be all signs, pavement markings and signals located with respect to any roadway or parking facility accessible to the motoring public and placed by authority of the Dubai Government through the Roads & Transport Authority (RTA). The purpose of traffic control devices is to regulate, warn or guide users of these transportation facilities. Prior to this Manual, the Dubai Municipality Traffic Control Devices Manual 2004 edition was in effect. That document was prepared at a time prior to the massive expansion program that has taken place in Dubai. This expansion is evident by Dubai's mushrooming skyline, by the amount of traffic on its roads, and in the ever increasing complexity of its transportation network. Because of these changes the RTA revised the addressing and signage systems in Dubai to achieve a fully integrated system which combines both addressing and traffic control devices into one uniform document. With these revisions Dubai will be able to provide a uniform and consistent guide sign system that will help drivers efficiently navigate the increasingly complex transportation network. The integrated system will simplify the way finding process, thus making it easier for road users to reach their destination. It will also provide a means of unique addressing of buildings that would assist emergency responders and allow direct delivery of mail to individual homes and businesses. In order to achieve all the objectives of an integrated signage system for Dubai, it was necessary to make some changes to the prior systems. These changes include: •

Giving every street in Dubai a name, including local streets within communities which previously relied on numbered streets which were repeated in each community;

•

Establishing new districts each of which contains several communities. These new district names will be used as an integral part of the address for each building;

•

Reducing the maximum amount of information that can be contained on a guide sign and thereby eliminating the problem of information overload;

•

Providing the route number cardinal direction and street name as the primary destination information on guide signs, with the secondary information being the district name;

•

Adding many new regulatory and warning signs as required by the increased modernization and expansion of the Dubai transportation network;

•

Introducing kilometer markers on Emirates routes;

The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual is broad in its coverage of the devices that it addresses. The Manual provides background information relevant to the use and application of various devices. The intent of this "textbook" approach is to provide the roadway designer with a basic understanding of the principles underlying the use of such traffic control devices. The Manual also provides the designer with specific guidelines for the use of each device described. In addition, detailed information is provided for use by Contractors and fabricators to allow signs to be laid out, fabricated and erected in a standardized manner. Finally, the Manual provides guidelines for the maintenance and management of the traffic control devices included in the Manual. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual comprises two Volumes that complement each other in their content and usage, as follows: Volume 1 contains general and specific policies, principles and guidelines for the usage of traffic control devices. An item by item description of each traffic control device is contained in Volume 1, with a color graphic of each device. Also included in Volume 1 are Typical Applications to illustrate the implementation of the principles for usage of various traffic control devices in a number of common situations. Both Arabic and English versions of Volume 1 are available.

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (i)

DTCDM- 2"d Edition

Introduction

Volume 2 contains detailed information that is relevant primarily for use in the layout and manufacture

•

of traffic signs. Dimensional details of all signs and legends are provided. In the case of warning and regulatory signs, and certain guide sign legend components, dimensions are provided in the form of placing the sign face on a dimensioned grid background. For guide signs, dimensions are provided in terms of height of the lettering used in the legend. Volume 2 also contains the standard Roads & Transport Authority (RTA) English and Arabic sign fonts, general specifications and sign structure details. Volume 2 is available only in an English version. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual has been prepared, to a large degree, as a set of guidelines to be used by transportation engineers in the preparation of signing and pavement marking designs. It is not intended to preclude good engineering judgment and should not be taken as a substitute for such. Throughout the manual, wording is used to describe the degree of latitude afforded the designer when considering directives within the Manual. The words "shall", "should" and "may" are to be taken within the following context: •

SHALL - A mandatory condition. Where certain requirements in the design or application of a traffic control device are described with the "shall" stipulation, it is mandatory that the requirement stipulated be adhered to. Deviations from such requirement must be thoroughly justified and approved by the Roads & Transport Authority.

•

SHOULD -An advisory condition. Where the word "should" is used in describing an element of design or application, it is considered an advisable usage that is strongly recommended, but not mandatory. Deviations from such conditions may be justified in some circumstances based on engineering judgment.

•

MAY - A permissive condition. Where the word "may" is used in describing an element of design or application, it is considered an optional usage. No requirement for design or application is intended.

•

As is the case with any document of this nature, it cannot be considered the final word on this subject, never to be changed. This document, being the second edition of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual, is likely to undergo updating from time to time as new signs and/or applications are added or current requirements are found to require amendment. It is the responsibility of each Manual user to ensure that they have the most current version of the Manual containing all of the revisions issued as updates to the original edition of the Manual.

• • Page (ii)

Volume 1

January 2015

DTCDM - 2"ct Edition

Introduction

Organization of this Manual: The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual is structured in two volumes. •

Volume 1 provides an overview of all signs, markings and signals that may be displayed on roads in Dubai and provides a guideline on how this should be done.

•

Volume 2 provides additional details on specific aspects of signs, markings and signals as well as specifications and standard drawings for signs and markings that may be used in tender documents.

This is Volume 1 and comprises of the following chapters: Chapter 1. General Provisions Chapter 2. Traffic Signs: General Chapter 3. Regulatory Signs Chapter 4. Warning Signs Chapter 5. Guide Signs and Addressing Chapter 6. Pavement Markings Chapter 7. Roadworks Traffic Control Chapter 8. Typical Applications Chapter 9. Traffic Signals Chapter 10. Maintenance Chapter 11. Glossary Volume 2 is provided in a separate document and contains the following chapters:

•

Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. General Chapter 3. Regulatory Signs Chapter 4. Warning Signs Chapter 5. Guide Signs and Symbols Chapter 6. Pavement Markings Chapter 7. Traffic Signals Chapter 8. General Specifications Chapter 9. Standard Drawings Chapter 10. Administrative Procedures

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (iii)

DTCDM -

Introduction

2nd

Edition

• •

This page intentionally left blank.

• • Page (iv)

Volume 1

January 2015

DTCDM -

2nd

Edition

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS SUB-SECTION

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Introduction

(i)

Organization of this Manual

(iii)

Table of Contents

(v)

List of Tables

(xix)

List of Figures

(xxi)

Chapter 1 - General Provisions General

1-1

1.1.1

Legal Position of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual.

1-1

1.1.2

Road Safety

1-1

1.1.3

Requirements and Purpose of Traffic Control Devices

1-2

1.1.4

Standardization of Application

1-3

1.1.5

Approval for Placement

1-3

1.1.6

Excessive Use of Traffic Control Devices

1-3

1.1.7

Advertising Signs

1-4

1.2

Human Factors

1-5

1.3

Positive Guidance

1-9

1.4

Classification

1-11

1.4.1

Route Designation

1-11

1.4.2

Traffic Control Devices Classification

1-12

1.1

Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General 2.0

General

2-1

2.1

Uniformity of Attributes

2-3

2.1.1

Shape Code

2-3

2.1.2

Size

2-5

2.1.3

Color Code

2-6

2.1.4

Legend

2-8

2.1.5

Retroreflection and Illumination

2-8

Traffic Sign Placement

2-11

2.2.1

Lateral Placement

2-12

2.2.2

Vertical Placement

2-12

2.2.3

Longitudinal Placement

2-18

2.2.4

Overhead Installations

2-20

2.2.5

Orientation Angle

2-21

2.2

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (v)

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs 3.1

General

3-1

3.1 .1

Rules of the Road

3-2

3.1.2

Function and Objectives of Regulatory Signs

3-2

3.1 .3

Sub-Classification of Regulatory Signs

3-2

Control Signs

3-5

3.2.1

Stop Sign 301

3-5

3.2.2

Give Way Sign 302

3-7

3.2.3

Give Way to Pedestrians Sign 303

3-8

3.2.4

No Entry Sign 304

3-8

3.2 .5

One Way Signs 305, 306 And 307

3-9

3.2.6

Stop - Slow Sign 7308

3-11

3.2.7

Give Way to Cyclists Sign 309

3-11

Mandatory Signs

3-13

3.3.1

Ahead Only Sign 321

3-13

3.3.2

Turn Right (or Left) Only Signs 322 (or 323)

3-13

3.3.3

Turn Right (or Left) Ahead Only Signs 324 (or 325)

3-14

3.3.4

Pass Either Side Sign 326

3-14

3.2

3.3

3.3 .5

Keep Right (or Left) Signs 327 (or 328)

3-14

3.3.6

Roundabout Sign 329

3-15

3.3 .7

Minimum Speed Limit Sign 330

3-15

3.3.8

Buses Only Sign 331

3-16

3.3.9

Trams Only Sign 332

3-16

3.3.10

Taxis Only Sign 333

3-17

3.3.11

Goods Vehicles Only Signs 334.1 and 334.2

3-17

3.3.12

Switch Head Lamps On Sign 335

3-17

3.3.13

Cars Only Sign 336

3-18

3.3 .14

Pedestrians Only Sign 338

3-18 3-18

3.3.15

Cyclists Only Sign 339

3.3.16

Pedestrians and Cyclists Only Signs 340.1 & 340.2

3-19

3.3.17

Pedestrians and Cyclists Only - Segregated Signs 341.1 and 341.2

3-19

3.3.18

Cycle Lane Only Signs 342.1, 342.2 and 342.3

3-20

3.3.19

Pay Toll - Salik Signs 343 and 343.1

3-20

Prohibitory Signs

3-21

3.4.1

Maximum Speed Limit Signs 344 and 345

3-21

3.4.2

No Left (or Right) Turn Signs 346 (or 347)

3-24

3.4.3

No U-Turn Sign 348

3-24

3.4

Page (vi)

Volume 1

January 2015

• • •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

3.4.4

No Overtaking Signs 349.1 and 349.2

3-24

3.4.5

No Hazardous Goods Sign 350

3-25

3.4.6

No Goods Vehicles Sign 351.1 and 351.2

3-25

3.4.7

No Pedestrians Sign 352

3-26

3.4.8

No Cyclists Sign 353

3-26

3.4.9

No Horns Sign 354

3-26

3.4.10

Maximum Dimension Limit Signs 355.1, 355.2 and 355.3

3-27

3.4.11

No Buses Sign 357

3-27

3.4.12

No Taxis Sign 358

3-27

3.4.13

Axle Massload Limit Sign 359

3-28

3.4.14

No Motorcycles Sign 360

3-28

3.4.15

Authorized Vehicles Only Sign 361

3-28

3.4.16

Qualification Plate Sign 365

3-29

3.4.17

No Stopping Signs 370, 371, 372 and 373

3-31

3.4.18

No Parking Signs 377, 378 and 379

3-32

Reservation Signs

3-35

3.5.1

Area Pay-And-Display Parking Sign 383

3-36

3.5.2

Street Pay-And-Display Parking Sign 384

3-36

3.5.3

Goods Vehicle Pay-And-Display Parking Sign 385

3-37

3.5.4

Parking Time Limit Sign 387

3-38

3.5.5

Parking for Disabled Persons Sign 388

3-40

3.5.6

Parking for Bicycles Sign 389

3-40

3.5.7

Bus Stop Sign 390

3-40

3.5.8

Pick-Up and Drop-Off Sign 391

3-41

3.5.9

Taxi Stop Sign 392

3-41

3.5.10

Loading and Unloading Sign 393

3-42

3.5.11

Bus and Taxi Facility/Lane Reservation Sign 394

3-42

3.5.12

Hov Facility/Lane Reservation Sign 395

3-44

3.5.13

Cyclist Lane Reservation Sign 396

3-44

Comprehensive Signs

3-47

3.6.1

Beginning of Tunnel Sign 369.1

3-47

3.6.2

End of Tunnel Sign 369.2

3-47

3.6.3

Beginning of Expressway/Freeway Sign 398.1

3-48

3.6.4

End of Expressway/Freeway Sign 398.2

3-48

3.6.5

Beginning of Neighborhood Sign 399.1

3-49

3.6.6

End of Neighborhood Sign 399.2

3-49

Regulatory Diagrammatic and High Visibility signs

3-51

3.7.1

Lane Use Control by Regulation

3-51

3.7.2

Multiple Regulatory High Visibility Signs

3-52

3.5

3.6

3.7

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (vii)

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

DESCRIPTION

•

PAGE

Chapter 4 - Warning Signs 4.1

General

4-1

4.1.1

Function and Objectives of Warning Signs

4-2

4.1.2

Sub-Classification of Warning Signs

4-2

Advance Warning Signs

4-3

4.2.1

Junction Ahead Signs 401 to 406

4-3

4.2.2

No Through Road Signs 407,408 and 409

4-4

4.2.3

Merging Traffic Signs 410 and 411

4-4

4.2.4

Right (or Left) Curve Sign 412 (or 413)

4-5

4.2.5

Bends Ahead Signs 414 and 415

4-5

4.2.6

Two Way Traffic Sign 416

4-6

4.2.7

Lane Ends Signs 417 and 418

4-6

4.2.8

U-Turn Ahead Sign 419

4-6

4.2.9

Roundabout Ahead Sign 420

4-7

4.2.10

Road Narrows Ahead Signs 421 to 423

4-8

4.2.11

Dual Carriageway Ends Ahead Sign 424

4-8

4.2.12

Maximum Clearance Signs 425.1, 425.2 and 425.3

4-9

4.2.13

Children Sign 426

4-10

4.2.14

Pedestrian Crossing Ahead Sign 427

4-10

4.2

Page (viii)

4.2.15

Stop Control Ahead Sign 428

4-11

4.2.16

Give Way Control Ahead Sign 429

4-11

4.2.17

Traffic Signals Ahead Sign 430

4-12

4.2.18

Quayside Sign 431

4-12

4.2.19

Drawbridge Ahead Sign 432

4-12

4.2.20

Animals Ahead Sign 433

4-13

4.2.21

Low Flying Aircraft Sign 434

4-13

4.2.22

Speed Hump Ahead Sign 435

4-13

4.2.23

Tunnel Ahead Sign 436

4-14

4.2.24

Falling Rocks Signs 437.1 and 437.2

4-14

4.2.25

Overhead High Voltage Cable Ahead Sign 438

4-14

4.2.26

Cyclists Ahead Sign 439

4-15

4.2.27

Tram or Railway Crossing to Right (or Left) Sign 440.1 (or 440.2)

4-15

4.2.28

Rough or Uneven Surface Sign 444

4-15

4.2.29

Soft Verges Sign 445

4-16

4.2.30

Slippery Road Sign 446

4-16

4.2.31

Railway Crossing Ahead Sign 44 7

4-16

4.2.32

Gate Sign 448

4-17

4.2.33

Tram Crossing Ahead Sign 449

4-17

4.2.34

General Warning Sign 450

4-17

Volume 1

January 2015

• • •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

4.2.35

Slow Moving Vehicles Signs 488.1 and 488.2

4-18

4.2.36

Sand Dunes Sign 489

4-19

Hazard Marker Signs

4-21

4.3.1

Hazard Plate Signs 451 and 452

4-21

4.3.2

Gore Hazard/Plate Signs 453.1 and 453.2

4-22

4.3.3

Single Chevron Right (or Left) Sign 454 (or 455)

4-23

4.3.4

Multiple Chevron Right (or Left) Sign 456 (or 457)

4-24

4.3.5

T-Junction Chevron Sign 458

4-25

4.3.6

Dead End Chevron Sign 460

4-25

4.3.7

Tram or Railway Level Crossing Signs 462.1 and 462.2

4-25

Diagrammatic and High Visibility Warning Signs

4-27

4.4.1

Traffic Movement Affected by Obstruction Signs

4-29

4.4.2

Additional Lane Signs

4-30

4.4.3

Lanes Merge Signs

4-31

4.4.4

Lane Configuration at Exit Signs

4-31

4.4.5

Other Diagrammatic Warning Signs

4-33

4.4.6

High Visibility Warning Signs

4-34

4.3

4.4

Chapter 5 - Guidance and Addressing Signs Integrated Addressing System

5-1

5.1.1

Goals of the Integrated Addressing System

5-1

5.1.2

Basic Requirements of the Integrated Addressing System

5-1

Wayfinding

5-3

5.2.1

The Wayfinding Process

5-3

5.2.2

Basic Wayfinding Principles

5-4

5.2.3

Navigation

5-4

5.2.4

The Overall Dubai Wayfinding Process

5-9

Principles of Directional Guidance

5-13

5.3.1

Method of providing guidance

5-13

5.3.2

Classification of Guide Signs

5-14

5.3.3

Route Numbering System

5-14

5.3.4

Control Destinations

5-16

5.3.5

Supplemental Destinations

5-19

5.3.6

Color Coding

5-24

5.3.7

Exit Numbering System

5-27

5.3.8

Information to be Displayed on Signs

5-29

5.3.9

Classification of Guide Signing Level

5-33

5.3.10

Trailblazer Signing

5-44

5.1

5.2

5.3

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (ix)

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION 5.4

PAGE

General Standards for Guide Sign

5-47

5.4.1

Language and lettering Styles

5-47

5.4.2

Amount of Legend

5-47

5.4.3

Size of Lettering

5-49

5.4.4

Sign Borders

5-55

5.4.5

Internal Spacing

5-56

5.4.6

Arrows

5-57

5.4.7

Route Number Emblems

5-60

5.4.8

Supplemental Direction Sign Symbols

5-61

Route Marker Signs

5-65

5.5.1

Use of Route Marker Signs

5-65

5.5.2

Kilometer Marker Sign 500

5-67

5.5.3

Emirate Route Marker Sign 501

5-68

5.5.4

Arab Mashreq Route Marker Sign 501 M

5-68

5.5.5

Dubai Route Marker Sign 502

5-68

Trailblazing Symbols And Signs

5-69

5.6.1

Use of Trailblazing

5-69

5.6.2

Airport Trailblazer Sign 503

5-69

5.6.3

Seaport Trailblazer Sign 504

5-70

5.6.4

Emirate Route Trailblazer Sign 505

5-70

5.6.5

Dubai Route Trailblazer Sign 506

5-71

5.6.6

Supplemental Destination Trailblazer Sign 507

5-71

5.6.7

Arab Mashreq Route Trailblazer Sign 508

5-72

5.6.8

Parking Trailblazer Sign 509

5-72

At Grade Junction Signs

5-73

5.5

5.6

5.7 5.7.1

Types of At Grade Junction Signs

5-73

5.7.2

Advance Horizontal Stack Direction Sign 511

5-74

5.7.3

Advance Vertical Stack Direction Sign 512

5-76

5.7.4

Advance Map Direction Sign 513

5-78

5.7.5

Advance Supplemental Direction Sign 514

5-80

5.7.6

Chevron Direction Sign 515

5-82

5.7.7

Street Name Sign 516

5-84

5.7.8

5-86

5.7.9

Espressway Ground Mounted Advance Exit Direction Sign 517 Expressway Ground Mounted Exit Direction Sign 518

5-88

5.7.10

Expressway Service Street Sign 519

5-89

5.7.11

Pre-Advance Supplemental Direction Sign 520

5-90

Grade Separated Junction Signs

5-92

5.8.1

Types of Grade Separated Junction Signs

5-92

5.8.2

Exit Sequence Sign 550

5-93

5.8

Page (x)

DESCRIPTION

Volume 1

January 2015

• • •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

PAGE

5.8.3

Advance Exit Direction Sign 551

5-95

5.8.4

Exit Direction Sign 552

5-102

5.8.5

On-Going Direction Sign 553

5-107

5.8.6

Gore Exit Signs 554, 555

5-109

5.8.7

Supplemental Exit Sign 557

5-111

General Information Signs

5-113

5.9.1

Distance Sign 585

5-113

5.9.2

Emirate or Town Entry Sign 586

5-114

5.9.3

Emirate or Town Exit Sign 587

5-115

5.9.4

Text Sign 588

5-116

5.9.5

Supplementary Plate Sign 589

5-117

5.9.6

District Name Sign 590

5-119

5.9.7

Community Name Sign 591

5-120

5.9.8

Non Specified Information Signs

5-121

Creating Addresses

5-123

5.10.1

Basic Guidelines

5-123

5.10.2

Street Name Designation

5-137

5.10.3

Addressing Numbers

5-144

Addressing Signs

5-165

5.11.1

Types of Addressing Sign

5-165

5.11.2

Local Street Name Sign 592

5-165

5.11.3

Building Number Plate Sign 593

5-168

5.11.4

Community Map Sign 594

5-170

Pedestrian and Cyclist Way-finding Signs

5-173

5.12.1

Use of Pedestrian and Cyclist Way-finding Signs

5-173

5.12.2

Pedestrian and Cyclist Specific Signs

5-175

5.12.3

Information to be displayed on Pedestrian Direction Signs

5-177

5.9

•

DESCRIPTION

5.10

5.11

5.12

Chapter 6 - Pavement Markings General

6-1

6.1.1

Function

6-1

6.1.2

Marking Types

6-2

6.1.3

Color

6-3

6.1.4

Configuration

6-4

Regulatory Markings

6-7

6.2.1

Stop Line Marking 601

6-7

6.2.2

Give Way Line Marking 602

6-8

6.2.3

Pedestrian Crossing Marking 603

6-8

6.2.4

Cyclist Crossing Marking 604

6-9

6.2.5

Tram Line Pedestrian Crossing Marking 605

6-10

6.1

6.2

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (xi)

DTCDM -

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

No Stopping Marking 609

6-11

6.2.7

No Parking Line Marking 61 O

6-12

6.2.8

No Passing Line Marking 611

6-13

6.2.9

Channelizing Line Marking 612

6-15

6.2.10

Edge Line Marking 613

6-15

6.2.11

Lane Direction Arrow Markings 614.1To614.8 (Including Straight, Right Turn, Left Turn, Straight/Right, Straight/Left, Right/Left, U-Turn and Straight/ U-Turn)

6-16

6.2 .12

Zig-Zag Zone Line Marking 615

6-19

6.2.13

Exclusive Use Lane Line Marking 616

6-20

6.2.14

Disabled Parking Space Line Marking 619

6-23

6.2.15

Parking Envelope Line Marking 620

6-24

6.2.16

Parking Space Line Marking 621

6-24

6.2.17

Box Junction Marking 622

6-25

6.2.18

Exclusive Use Lane or Parking Space Symbol Markings 623

6-26

6.2.19

Tram Box Junction Marking 624

6-28

Warning Markings

6-31

6.3.1

Rumble Strips Marking 650

6-31

6.3.2

Speed Hump Marking 651

6-33

6.3.3

Dividing Line Marking 652 and 653

6-34

6.3.4

Lane Line Markings 654 and 655

6-35

6.3.5

Lane End Arrow Marking 656

6-36

6.3.6

Chevron Marking 657

6-37

6.3.7

Hatch Marking 658

6-38

6.3.8

Railway or Tram Level Crossing Ahead Marking 659

6-38

Guidance Markings

6-41

Guide Line Marking 680

6-41

6.4 6.4.1 6.4.2

Continuity Line Marking 681

6-42

6.4.3

Turn Lane Begins Left Arrow Markings 682 and Right 683

6-42

6.4.4

End of Exclusive Use Lane Arrows 684.1 and 684.2

6-43

6.4.5

Visibility Painting Marking 691

6-44

6.4.6

Text Symbol Markings 695

6-44

Raised Pavement Markers (RPM)

6-47

6.5.1

General

6-47

6.5.2

Retroreflective Rpm Marking R

6-48

6.5.3

Non-Retroreflective Rpm Marking N

6-49

Other Pavement Based Traffic Control Devices

6-53

6.6.1

Channelizing/No Passing Bollard Traffic Control Device 696

6-53

6.6.2

Speed Hump Traffic Control Device 697

6-54

6.5

6.6

Volume 1

Edition

•

PAGE

6.2.6

6.3

Page (xii)

DESCRIPTION

2nd

January 2015

• • •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Chapter 7 - Temporary Traffic Control 7.1

General

7-1

7.2

Roadworks General

7-1

7.2.1

Basic Principles

7-1

7.2.2

Traffic Control Zone

7-3

7.2.3

Deploying Roadworks Devices

7-7

7.2.4

Pedestrian and Cyclists

7-7

Traffic Signs

7-9

7.3.1

General

7-9

7.3.2

Regulatory Signs

7-9

7.3.3

Warning Signs

7-13

7.3.4

Guide Signs

7-21

Channelization Devices

7-23

7.4.1

General

7-23

7.4.2

Pavement Markings

7-23

7.4.3

Cones

7-27

7.4.4

Barriers and Barricades

7-29

7.4.5

Delineators

7-31

7.4.6

Illuminated Devices

7-32

7.4.7

Floodlighting

7-34

Other Forms of Traffic Control

7-35

7.5.1

Manual Traffic Management

7-35

7.5.2

Temporary Traffic Signals

7-36

Incident and Special Event Management

7-37

Incident and Special Event Management - General

7-37

7.3

7.4

7.5

7.6 7.6.1

Chapter 8 - Typical Applications 8.1

General

8-1

8.2

Community Area

8-2

8.2.1

Roads and Junctions

8-2

8.2.2

Neighborhood Signs

8-4

Roundabouts

8-6

8.3.1

Roundabout

8-6

8.3.2

Multi Lane Roundabout

8-8

8.3.3

Signalized Roundabout

8-10

At-Grade Junctions (Un-signalized)

8-12

Arterial Midblock U-Turn and Local Street T-Junction

8-12

8.3

8.4 8.4.1

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (xiii)

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION 8.4.2

Divided Arterial/Local Street T-Junction

8-14

8.4.3

Service Road Connection to an Arterial

8-16

At-Grade Junctions (Signalized)

8-18

8.5.1

Signalized Junction - Large Intersection

8-18

8.5.2

Signalized Junction - Major Arterial

8-20

8.5.3

Overhead Height Protection Gantry (Metro Station)

8-22

Road Crossings: Non-Motorized Traffic (NMT)

8-24

8.6.1

Pedestrian Crossings

8-24

8.6.2

Bicycle Path & Crossing

8-26

Traffic Control for Transit Traffic

8-28

8.7.1

Bus Rapid Transit Route

8-28

8.7.2

Tram Way I Roadway Junction

8-30

8.7.3

Multi-Modal Terminal Signing

8-32

8.7.4

Bus Stop Pavement Markings

8-34

Freeways and Expressways

8-36

8.8.1

Freeway or Expressway - One Lane Exit Ramp - No Lane Drop

8-36

8.8.2

Freeway - Two Lane Exit Ramp

8-38

8.5

8.6

8.7

8.8

8.8.3

Freeway or Expressway with Collector - Distributor Road (C-D)

8-40

8.8.4

Freeway or Expressway without Collector-Distributor Road(C-D)

8-42

8.8.5

Freeway with Collector-Distributor Intersecting Roads

_ 8 44

8.8.6

Freeway or Expressway with Two Lane Exit and Ramp Split

8-46

8.8.7

Freeway or Expressway - Left Lane Exit Ramp

8-48

8.8.8

Application of Supplemental Destination Signs

8-50

8.8.9

Application of Background Sign Color for Guide Signs- D Route _ 8 52 Intersecting E-Route

Road

(C-D)

-

Multiple

Interchanges

8-54

8.9.1

Crossroad with Roundabouts

8-54

8.9.2

Diamond Interchange (Un-signalized)

8-56

8.9.3

Diamond Interchange (Signalized)

8-58

8.9.4

Single Point Urban Interchange (SPUI)

8-60

8.9.5

Freeway/Expressway Exit Lane & Local Access Intersection

8-62

8.9.6

Full Free Flow Interchange

8-64

8.9.7

Pavement Markings for Merge & Diverge Ramp Areas

8-66

Temporary Roadworks

8-69

8.10.1

Typical Taper Detail - Transition Area

8-70

8.10.2

Typical Crossover Detail - Transition Area

8-72

8.10.3

Typical Taper Detail - Termination Area

8-74

8.10.4

Short Works Site - Two Way Traffic

8-76

Work Site Close to Side Road

8-78

8.9

8.10

8.10.5

Page (xiv)

PAGE

DESCRIPTION

Volume 1

January 2015

• • •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

8.10.6

Road Closure Detour

8-80

8.10.7

Maintenance Work

8-82

8.10.8

Typical Two Lane Taper Detail - Transition Area

8-84

8.10.9

Minor Road Single Lane Operation

8-86

Temporary Incident Management

8-88

8.11.1

Minor Incident Management

8-88

8.11.2

Intermediate Incident Management

8-90

8.11.3

Major Incident Management

8-92

8.12

Temporary Special Event Signing

8-94

8.13

Traffic Signals

8-97

8.13.1

Traffic Signals at T-Junctions

8-98

8.13.2

Traffic Signals at Major Crossroad Junctions

8-100

Standardized Display of Direction Information

8-102

8.14.1

Background to the Policy for Display of Primary guide Signs

8-102

8.14.2

Numbered Route with Un-Numbered Major Street

8-104

8.14.3

Numbered Route with Numbered Major Street

8-106

8.14.4

Numbered Route with Numbered Major Street

8-108

8.14.5

Freeway/ Expressway with Un-Numbered Major Street

8-110

8.14.6

Freeway/ Expressway Exit Ramp with Un-Numbered Major Street 8-112

8.11

8.14

Chapter 9 - Traffic Signals General

9-1

9.1.1

Scope

9-1

9.1.2

Application

9-2

Vehicular Traffic Signals at Junctions & Pedestrian/Cyclist Crossings

9-3

9.2.1

General

9-3

9.2.2

Area of Control

9-3

9.2.3

Functions

9-4

9.2.4

Control Precedence

9-4

9.2.5

Modes of Operation

9-5

9.2.6

Vehicular Signal Indications

9-5

9.2.7

Flashing Modes

9-11

9.2.8

Arrangement of Aspects on a Signal Face

9-11

9.2.9

Standard Signal Faces

9-11

9.2.10

Numbers and Locations of Signal Faces

9-13

9.2.11

Visibility and Optical Requirements

9-21

9.2.12

Signals on High Speed Roads

9-23

9.2.13

Combination of Traffic Signals with Other Road Furniture

9-24

9.1

•

9.2

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (xv)

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION 9.3

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Pedestrian and Cyclist Signals

9-25

9.3.1

General

9-25

9.3.2

Number and Location of Signals

9-25

9.3.3

Pedestrian and Cyclist Signal Indications

9-26

9.3.4

Operation of Pedestrian and Cyclist Signals

9-26

Flashing Red Disc Indication at Railway Crossings

9-29

General

9-29

9.4.2

Installation

9-29

9.4.3

Operation

9-29

Warrants for Traffic Signals

9-31

Justifying Traffic Control Signals

9-31

9.4 9.4.1

9.5 9.5.1 9A

Appendix 9A: Traffic Signal Warrants

98

Appendix 98: Signal Post Locations

• •

Chapter 10 - Maintenance 10.1

Introduction

10-1

10.2

Traffic Signs

10-1

10.2.1

Material Testing

10-1

10.2.2

Inventory

10-2

10.2.3

Inspection

10-4

10.2.4

Clearing

10-5

10.2.5

Cleaning

10-6

10.2.6

Field Repairs

10-6

10.2.7

Refurbishing/Recycling

10-6

10.2.8

Replacement

10-6

10.2.9

Vandalism

10-7

10.2.10

Storage

10-7

Pavement Markings

10-9

10.3.1

Inspection

10-9

10.3.2

Service Life

10-9

10.3.3

Replacement

10-9

10.3.4

Removal

10-9

10.3.5

Scheduling

10-10

Raised Pavement Markers (RPMs)

10-11

10.4.1

Inspection

10-11

10.4.2

Service Life

10-11

10.4.3

Replacement

10-11

10.4.4

Removal

10-11

10.4.5

Scheduling

10-11

10.3

10.4

Page (xvi)

Volume 1

January 2015

• •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Table of Contents

SUB-SECTION

10.5

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Traffic Signal Maintenance

10-13

10.5.1

Introduction

10-13

10.5.2

Consequences of Maintenance Deficiencies

10-13

10.5.3

Reducing Maintenance Requirements

10-13

10.5.4

Types of Maintenance

10-14

10.5.5

Routine Maintenance

10-14

10.5.6

Repair Maintanance

10-16

10.5.7

Maintenance Records

10-17

10.5.8

Maintenance Personnel

10-18

10.5.9

Maintenance Resources

10-18

10.5.10

Contract Maintenance

10-18

Chapter 11 - Glossary 11.1

General

11-1

11.2

General Terms

11-3

11.3

Traffic Sign Terms

11-9

11.4

Pavement Marking Terms

11-13

11.5

Traffic Signal Terms

11-15

11.6

Temporary Condition Terms

11-19

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (xvii)

• • • •

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

List of Tables

LIST OF TABLES TABLE

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Chapter 1 - General Provisions Table 1-1

Human Factors Checklist

1-7

Table 1-2

Road Classification in Dubai

1-11

Table 1-3

Route Designations with Predominant Road Types

1-11

Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

•

Table 2-1

Standard Sign Shapes

2-4

Table 2-2

Regulatory and Warning Sign Sizes

2-5

Table 2-3

Traffic Sign Background Color Code

2-6

Table 2-4

Traffic Sign Legend Color Code

2-7

Table 2-5

Retroreflectivity Classes on Signs.

2-9

Table 2-6

Lateral and Vertical Positioning of Traffic Signs

2-13

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs Table 3-1

Sight Distances - Stop Sign

Table 3-2

Guidelines for Speed Limit Sign Location

3-5 3-22

Chapter 4 - Warning Signs Table 4-1

Guidelines for Positioning Advance Warning Signs

4-1

Table 4-2

Recommended Clear Visibility Distance to Warning Sign

4-2

Table 4-3

Junction Spacing Requirements for Signs 405 and 406

4-4

Table 4-4

Critical Lengths of Steep Down Hill

4-19

Table 4-5

Single Chevron Signs 454 and 455 Spacing on Curves

4-24

Chapter 5 - Guidance Signs and Addressing Signs Table 5-1

An Integrated Wayfinding Process

5-9

Table 5-2

Control Destinations for E-Routes

5-16

Table 5-3

Eligibility of Supplemental Destinations

5-19

Table 5-4

Guide Sign Background Color Coding

5-24

Table 5-5

Guide Sign Type: At-Grade Junctions

5-29

Table 5-6

Guide Sign Type: Grade Separated Junctions

5-30

Table 5-7

Information Eligible for Display on Guide Signs

5-31

Table 5-9

Route Type/Sign Sequencing Matrix

5-35

Table 5-10

Recommended "X" Height for Signs (millimeters)

5-55

Table 5-11

Prototypical Dubai Address

5-121

Table 5-12

Dubai Districts and Communities

5-124

Table 5-13

Addressing Rules

5-130

Table 5-14

Summary of Addressing Rules

5-160

Table 5-15

Standardised Local Street Name Sign Sizes

5-167

Table 5-16

Standard Building Number Plate Sign Sizes

5-169

January 2015

Volume 1

Page (xix)

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

List of Tables

TABLE

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

•

Chapter 6 - Pavement Markings Table 6-1

Use of No Passing Line 611 on Curves

6-13

Table 6-2

Use of No Passing Line 611 and Channelizing Line 612 at Junctions

6-14

Table 6-3

Variation in Arrow and Symbol Lengths

6-28

Table 6-4

Lane End Arrow Spacing

6-36

Table 6-5

Chevron Dimensions

6-37

Table 6-6

Size of Text Symbol Marking

6-44

Chapter 7 - Temporary Traffic Control Table 7-1

Temporary Sign Location-Roadworks

7-14

Table 7-2

Recommended Cone Spacings

7-28

Table 7-3

Warning Arrow Panel

7-33

Chapter 9 - Traffic Signals Table 9-1

Recommended Sight Distances for Traffic Signals on a Level Road'3l

9-21

Table 9-2

Guidlines for Grade Related Adjustments of Sight Distances

9-22

•

Chapter 10 - Maintenance Table 10-1

Basis of Sample Sign Ratings

10-4

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List of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES TABLE

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Chapter 1 - General Provisions Figure 1-1

Failure of the Information System

1-6

Figure 1-2

Guide Sign Information Transfer Process

1-7

Figure 1-3

Information Communication Process

1-8

Figure 1-4

Decision Sight Distance Model

1-9

Figure 1-5

Classification of Traffic Control Devices

1-13

Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General Figure 2-1

Lateral and Vertical Positioning of Traffic Signs Regulatory and Warning Signs

2-14

Figure 2-2

Lateral and Vertical Positioning of Traffic Signs Guide and General Information Signs

2-15

Figure 2-3

Lateral and Vertical Positioning of Traffic Signs Community Street Name Signs

2-17

Figure 2-4

Lateral and Vertical Positioning of Traffic Signs Building Number Plate Signs

2-18

Figure 2-5

Minimum Distance Between Overhead Signs

2-20

Figure 2-6

Sign Orientation Angle

2-21

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs Figure 3-1

Sight Distance Splays

3-5

Figure 3-2

Longitudinal Position of Stop Sign 301 and Give Way Sign 302

3-6

Figure 3-3

Use of One Way Signs 305, 306, And 307

3-10

Figure 3-4

Use of Maximum Speed Limit Signs 344 and 345

3-23

Figure 3-5

Examples of The Use of Qualification Plate Sign 365

3-30

Figure 3-6

No Stopping Sign Variants

3-32

Figure 3-7

No Stopping with Time Limit Displays

3-32

Figure 3-8

No Parking Sign Variants

3-33

Figure 3-9

No Parking with Time Limit Displays

3-33

Figure 3-10

Area Pay-And-Display Parking Signs 383

3-36

Figure 3-11

Street Pay-And-Display Parking Signs 384

3-37

Figure 3-12

Alternative Parking Time Limit Displays

3-38

Figure 3-13

Typical Examples of the Use of Parking, No Parking and No Stopping Signs

3-39

Figure 3-14

Bus Lane Reservation Signs

3-43

Figure 3-15

Hov Lane Reservation Signs

3-44

Figure 3-16

Cyclist Lane Reservation Signs

3-45

Figure 3-17

Typical Example of Multiple Regulatory High Visibility Signs.

3-52

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PAGE

DESCRIPTION

TABLE

•

Chapter 4 - Warning Signs Figure 4-1

Typical Hazard Plate Applications

4-20

Figure 4-2

Typical Applications of Gore Hazard/Plate Signs 453.1 and 453.2

4-21

Figure 4-3

Examples of Applications of Signs 454 and 455

4-22

Figure 4-4

Typical Application of Multiple Chevron Signs 456 and 457

4-24

Figure 4-5

Details of Combinations of Diagrammatic and High Visibility Signs with Supplementary Plate Signs 589.1 and 589.2

4-28

Figure 4-6

Exit Lane Configuration Signs - 495 Series

4-32

Figure 4-7

Exit I Ramp Lane Configurations with Extreme Curvature - 496 Series

4-32

Figure 4-8

Standard High Visibility Warning Sign Types and Appropriate Typical Examples

4-35

Chapter 5 - Guidance Signs and Addressing Figure 5-1

Typical Navigation Information Sequence/ Expressway to Building Address

5-6

Figure 5-2

Dubai Districts

5-11

Figure 5-3

Route Numbering System of U.A.E Highways

5-17

Figure 5-4

Route Numbering System within Dubai

5-18

Figure 5-5

Background Colors for Signs - Principles

5-26

Figure 5-6

Illustration of Exit Numbers

5-28

Figure 5-7

Determination of Route Types For Primary Signage

5-34

Figure 5-8A

Sign Sequence 1

5-36

Figure 5-8B

Sign Sequence 2A

5-37

Figure 5-8C

Sign Sequence 2B

5-38

Figure 5-8D

Sign Sequence 2C

5-39

Figure 5-8E

Sign Sequence 3

5-40

Figure 5-8F

Sign Sequencing Pattern 4

5-41

Figure 5-8G

Sign Sequence 5

5-42

Figure 5-8H

Sign Sequence 6

5-43

Figure 5-9

Size of Lettering

5-49

Figure 5-10.1

Principles of Legibility

5-53

Figure 5-11

Typical Guide Sign Internal Spacing Elements

5-56

Figure 5-12

Arrow Type Applications

5-59

Figure 5-13

Destination Symbols

5-62

Figure 5-14

Use of Route Marker and Kilometer Marker Signs

5-66

Figure 5-15

Exit Sequence Sign 550

5-94

Figure 5-16

Advance Exit Direction Sign 551

5-101

Figure 5-17

Exit Direction Sign 552

5-106

Figure 5-18

On-Going Direction Sign 553

5-108

Figure 5-19

Gore Exit Signs 554-555

5-110

Figure 5-20

Dubai Districts

5-126

Figure 5-21

Typical Local Street Name-Sign Positions

5-127

Figure 5-22

Local Street Names - Loops, L-Shaped and Culs-De-Sac

5-128

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List of Figures

TABLE

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Figure 5-23

Illustration of Basic Rules 1, 2 & 3 (For Determining Addressing Numbers)

5-131

Figure 5-24

Examples of the Application of Basic Rules 1, 2, & 3

5-132

Figure 5-25

Further Examples of the Application of Basic Rules 1, 2 & 3

5-133

Figure 5-26

Arterial Routes Crossing System Axes - Basic Rule 4

5-135

Figure 5-27

Arterial Route Name Changes - Basic Rule 5

5-137

Figure 5-28

Reserve Building Numbers on an Arterial Route - Basic Route 6

5-139

Figure 5-29

Arterial Routes - Special Circumstances Basic Rules 7 And 8

5-140

Figure 5-30

Naming of Discontinuous Local Streets and Local Loop Streets

5-142

Figure 5-31

Naming of Local L-Shaped Streets and Cul-De-Sacs

5-143

Figure 5-32

Plot and Addressing Numbers - Rules "A" And "B"

5-146

Figure 5-33

Assigned and Addressing Numbers - Sub-Division and Consolidation

5-147

Figure 5-34

Assigned and Addressing Numbers - Use of Reserve Numbers

5-148

Figure 5-35

Addressing Number Review - Loop Local Streets

5-151

Figure 5-36

Addressing Number Review - L-Shaped Blade Local Streets Including Cu ls-De-Sac

5-152

Figure 5-37

Assigning Numbers to Unusual Layouts

5-153

Figure 5-38

Large Plot with 6 Separate Buildings

5-154

Figure 5-39

Large Plot - Single Building - Multiple Entrances

5-155

Figure 5-40

Arterial Street Addressing Number Option

5-156

Figure 5-41

Large Plot - Single Building on Arterial Route

5-157

Figure 5-42

Sikka Addressing Numbers and Block Redevelopment

5-158

Figure 5-43

Large Plot - Multiple Entrance Building Complex

5-159

Figure 5-44

Part of a Community Showing Assigned Numbers

5-162

Figure 5-45

Part of a Community Showing Addressing Numbers

5-163

Figure 5-46

Local Street Name Sign 592

5-166

Figure 5-47

Building Number Plate Sign 593 - Permitted Variations

5-168

Figure 5-48

Special Building Number Plate Sign Sizes

5-169

Figure 5-49

Typical Community Map Sign 594

5-171

Figure 5-50

Example of a Pedestrian Direction Sign 575

5-177

Figure 5-51

Arrows to be Used on Pedestrian Direction Signs

5-178

Figure 5-52

Transportation Symbols

5-178

Figure 5-53

Pedestrian/ Cyclist - Additional Symbols

5-178

Chapter 6 - Pavement Markings Figure 6-1

Signalized Pedestrian and Cyclist Midblock Crossings

6-10

Figure 6-2

Use of No Passing Line 611 at Junctions

6-14

Figure 6-3

Lane Direction Arrow Markings 614

6-17

Figure 6-4

Zig-Zag Zone Markings on Multi Lane Roads

6-20

Figure 6-5

Exclusive Lane Pavement Markings

6-22

Figure 6-6

Disabled Parking Space Markings

6-23

Figure 6-7

Exclusive Use Symbols 623

6-27

Figure 6-8

Tram Box Junction Marking 624

6-29

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TABLE

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Figure 6-9

Combination of Box Junction and Tram Box Junction Markings

6-30

Figure 6-10

Rumble Strips Warning Marking 650

6-32

Figure 6-12

Speed Hump Marking 651

6-33

Figure 6-13

Typical Applications of Raised Pavement Markers

6-51

Figure 6-14

Speed Hump Profiles

6-55

•

Chapter 7 - Temporary Traffic Control Figure 7-1

Roadworks Zone Traffic Control Areas

7-6

Figure 7-2

Regulatory Signs at Roadworks

7-12

Figure 7-3

Temporary Warning Signs at Roadworks

7-17

Figure 7-4

Diagrammatic Warning Signs at Roadworks

7-20

Figure 7-5A

Temporary Pavement Markings

7-25

Figure 7-5

Example of Barricade Device

7-30

Figure 7-6

Traffic Incident Management

7-39

Figure 7-7

Typical Information Management Process

7-41

•

Chapter 8 - Typical Applications Figure 8-2.1

Road Junctions in Community Areas - General Treatment

8-3

Figure 8-2.2

Neighborhood Signs

8-5

Figure 8-3.1

Mini Roundabout

8-7

Figure 8-3.2

Multi Lane Roundabout

8-9

Figure 8-3.3

Signalized Roundabout

8-11

Figure 8-4.1

Arterial Midblock U-Turn and Local Street T-Junction

8-13

Figure 8-4.2

Divided Arterial/Local Street T-Junction

8-15

Figure 8-4.3

Service Road Connection to an Arterial

8-17

Figure 8.5.1

Signalized Junction - Large Intersection

8-19

Figure 8-5.2

Signalized Junction - Major Arterial

8-21

Figure 8-5.3

Overhead Height Protection Gantry near Metro/Tram Stations

8-23

Figure 8-6.1

Pedestrian Crossings

8-25

Figure 8-6.2

Bicycle Crossing & Bicycle Path Treatment

8-27

Figure 8-7.1

Bus Rapid Transit Lane

8-29

Figure 8-7.2

Tram Way I Road Way Junction

8-31

Figure 8-7.3

Multi Modal Transit Signing Application

8-33

Figure 8-7.4

Bus Stop Pavement Markings

8-35

Figure 8-8.1

Freeway with One Lane Exit - No Lane Drop

8-37

Figure 8-8.2

Freeway with Two Lane Exit - One Lane Drop

8-39

Figure 8-8.3

Interchange with C-D Road

8-41

Figure 8-8.4

Freeway or Expressway without Collector-Distributor Road(C-D)

8-43

Figure 8-8.5

Freeway with Collector-Distributor Road (C-D) - Multiple Intersecting Roads

8-45

Figure 8-8.6

Freeway with Two Lane Exit and Ramp Split

8-47

Figure 8-8. 7

Freeway with Left Lane Exit Ramp

8-49

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List of Figures

DESCRIPTION

TABLE

PAGE

Figure 8-8.8

Integration of Primary Direction Signs and Supplemental Direction Signs

8-51

Figure 8-8.9

Application of Background Sign Color for Guide Signs

8-53

Figure 8-9.1

Interchange Cross Road with Roundabouts

8-55

Figure 8-9.2

Diamond Interchange (Unsignalized)

8-57

Figure 8-9.3

Diamond Interchange (Signalized)

8-59

Figure 8-9.4

Single Point Urban Interchange

8-61

Figure 8-9.5

Freeway/Expressway Exit Lane/Local Access Intersection

8-63

Figure 8-9.6

Full Free Flow Interchange

8-65

Figure 8-9. 7

Ramp Details

8-67

Figure 8-10.1

Typical Taper Detail - Transition Area

8-71

Figure 8-10.2 Typical Crossover Detail-Transition Area

8-73

Figure 8-10.3 Typical Taper Detail - Termination Area

8-75

Figure 8-10.4 Short Work Site - Two Way Traffic

8-77

Figure 8-10.5 Work Site Close to Side Road

8-79

Figure 8-10.6 Road Closure Detour

8-81

Figure 8-10.7 Maintenance Work

8-83

Figure 8-10.8 Emergency Two Lane Taper Detail - Transition Area

8-85

Figure 8-10.9 Minor Road Single Lane Operation

8-87

Figure 8-11.1

Minor Incident Management

8-89

Figure 8-11.2

Intermediate Incident Management

8-91

Figure 8-11.3

Major Incident Management

8-93

Figure 8-12.1

Typical Example - Temporary Signing for a Special Event

8-95

Figure 8-13.1

T-Junction Minimum Installation

8-99

Figure 8-13.2 T-Junction - With Turning Roadways

8-99

Figure 8-13.3 T-Junction Split or Separate Turn Phase

8-99

Figure 8-13.4 T-Junction - More than 4 Lanes/ More than 6 Lanes Wide

8-99

Figure 8-13.5 Major Signalized Junction

8-101

Figure 8-13.6 Single Point Interchange

8-101

Figure 8-14.1

8-103

Determination of Route Types for Primary Signage

Figure 8-14.2 Numbered Route with Un-Numbered Major Street

8-105

Figure 8-14.3 Numbered Route with Numbered Major Street

8-107

Figure 8-14.4 Numbered Route with Numbered Major Street

8-109

Figure 8-14.5 Freeway/ Expressway with Un-Numbered Major Street

8-111

Figure 8-14.6 Freeway/ Expressway Ramp with Un-Numbered Major Street

8-113

Chapter 9 - Traffic Signals Figure 9-1

Basic Sequencing of Traffic Signal Aspects

9-6

Figure 9.2

Traffic Signal Aspect Classification and Significance (Normal display)

9-9

Figure 9.3

Traffic Signal Aspect Classification and Significance (Temporary Flashing Mode)

9-10

Figure 9-4

Standard Signal Faces

9-12

Figure 9-5

Combination of Standard Signal Faces

9-13

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List of Figures

TABLE Figure 9-6

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

Typical Location of Traffic Signal Posts

9-16

Figure 9-7

Location of Primary Signal Faces

9-18

Figure 9-8

Location of Left Turn Signal Faces

9-20

Figure 9-9

Typical Cone of Vision

9-23

Figure 9-10

Location of Pedestrian Signals at Signalized Junction

9-27

•

Chapter 10 - Maintenance Figure 10-1

General Process of Sign Maintenance

10-7

• • • Page (xxvi)

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Chapter 1-General Provisions

Chapter 1 - General Provisions 1.1 General 1.1.1 Legal Position of the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual. Traffic control in the UAE is being controlled by the UAE Federal Traffic Law Number (21) of 1995 and is the authoritative document in case of conflict and dispute resolution. The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual (DTCDM) provides advice to all authorities or agencies in the discharge of their duties under the Federal Traffic Law by providing the legal connotation of each traffic sign, marking or signal to be displayed on the road network in the Emirate of Dubai as well as guidelines on the display of traffic signs, markings or signals under different conditions. These guidelines are intended for use by traffic police, engineers and maintenance personnel to regulate traffic and improve road safety in the Emirate of Dubai. The standardization of the display of signs and the uniformity of signing similar situations in a similar way is done to improve road user compliance by reinforcing driver expectancy on a regular basis. Whereas the DTCDM establishes standardized approaches for the display of traffic signs, markings and signals it is also recognized that site specific conditions could influence the display. Additional specific handbooks have been developed that should apply the principles advanced in the DTCDM in specific application areas and to a level of detail that would not be possible in an overarching document as the DTCDM. The following handbooks have already been developed and should be seen as specifically supporting and expanding the principles set in the DTCDM, provided DTCDM standard devices are used:

•

•

Speed Management Manual;

•

Dubai Traffic Calming Manual;

•

Dubai Pedestrian and Cyclist Design Manual;

•

Roadside Design Guide for Dubai;

•

Work Zone Traffic Management Manual;

•

Guidelines for Design of Accessible Transport in the Emirate of Dubai;

•

Access Management Manual for Dubai;

•

Road Safety Audit Manual;

•

Driving and Vehicle Licensing Guidelines;

•

Dubai Outdoor Advertising Control Manual;

•

Geometric Design Manual for Dubai Roads.

These handbooks to a lesser or greater extent are influenced by the principles established in the DTCDMt especially where legal precedence is established and should conform with the principles contained in the DTCDM.

1.1.2 Road Safety The role of good road traffic signs, markings and signals in improving road safety cannot be overestimated. Various international studies researching road safety measures report the positive effect that road traffic signs, markings or signals have on the number and severity of specific types of crashes, where appropriate. One of the most comprehensive textbooks that discusses the effect of different remedial measures on crashes is the Handbook of Road Safety Measures, Elvik, Hoye, Vaa & Sorensen, 2nd Edition, 2009.

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Chapter 1- General Provisions

1.1.3 Requirements and Purpose of Traffic Control Devices The Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual establishes basic guidelines and principles that dictate the design, application, and maintenance of traffic control devices. These devices, including traffic signs, pavement markings and traffic signals, are placed on, over or adjacent to public roads, paths or other facilities open to the public, and act to regulate, warn or guide the traffic on these facilities. It is a specific purpose of all guidance traffic control devices to provide an integrated addressing system which directs road users from freeway to the front door of a destination property, and back again. In order to fulfill the duty of promoting safe and efficient vehicular, pedestrian and cyclist (road user) movement, and effective wayfinding, a traffic control device shall meet all of the following basic requirements: •

The device shall fulfill an important need;

•

The device shall command attention;

•

The device shall convey a clear, simple meaning;

•

The device shall command the respect of road users;

•

The device shall be positioned to give sufficient time for proper response.

The basic purpose of traffic control devices is to provide visual information to the motorist. The information is conveyed in three ways to the road user: •

As regulations;

•

As warnings;

•

As guidance.

Therefore, traffic control devices are commonly categorized into three groups with the following specific purposes: •

Regulatory devices shall be used to: inform traffic laws, regulations and statutes;

•

•

-

instruct to take action;

-

prohibit certain vehicular maneuvers;

-

permit certain vehicular maneuvers, and;

-

establish road user right-of-way.

Warning devices shall be used to: -

indicate potential hazards;

-

identify major changes in road character;

-

identify physical obstructions;

-

inform regulatory controls ahead; and

-

advise appropriate actions.

Guidance devices shall be used to: -

establish route identification;

-

direct road users to destinations;

-

delineate lane assignments; identify all street names and building numbers; and provide general information to road users.

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Chapter 1 - General Provisions

The requirements and purposes of traffic control devices can be achieved through uniformity of design, application, placement, and maintenance as specified in this Manual. The DTCDM is a comprehensive document that provide guidance to develop and establish an integrated addressing system providing information from point of origin to point of destination.

1.1.4 Standardization of Application Traffic control devices applied in predictable ways can significantly improve the safety and operation of roads, paths and other transport facilities. When non-standard devices are used in non-standard applications, road users may tend to disregard and disrespect the intended regulations or warnings. The need to standardize traffic control devices in Dubai has heightened due to the following factors:

•

•

Road networks are becoming increasingly more complex;

•

Traffic volumes are increasing;

•

Roads are being upgraded, and new roads are being built to allow for higher speeds;

•

Different transport modes require different interface signing needs; and

•

The number of foreign visitors and therefore unfamiliar drivers are increasing.

In an effort to standardize the application of traffic control devices, the following objectives must be achieved:

•

•

Accuracy - the device accurately displays a relationship to the circumstances or road conditions being experienced;

•

Uniformity - the traffic sign, pavement marking or traffic signal color, legend, symbol, etc., are uniformly designed and displayed such that road users can reduce reading and comprehension times and thereby maximize the time available to take appropriate action;

•

Consistency - similar situations are signed and marked in a consistent manner;

•

Continuity-the message is displayed continuously until the information provided is no longer relevant to the circumstances or the road conditions .

1.1.5 Approval for Placement Traffic control devices shall be placed only with the approval of the Roads & Transport Authority for the purpose of regulating, warning, and guiding traffic. The use of traffic control devices in any Government or privately owned semi-public area without proper approval or in conflict with this Manual shall not be permitted. Upon given approval by the Roads & Transport Authority for the erection of specific devices, construction contractors, public utility companies, and Police Agencies are permitted to erect construction, maintenance, and other warning signs to protect the public provided that such signs, markings, and devices conform to the standards contained in this Manual.

1.1.6 Excessive Use of Traffic Control Devices Due care shall be taken to limit the number of traffic signs and pavement markings. Regulatory and warning signs should be used conservatively as these signs, if used excessively, tend to lose their effectiveness to the extent that messages are not picked up by road users and eventually the signs and markings become ignored. In this regard it is important that adjacent or overlapping projects carefully co-ordinate their provision of signs in these categories. The need to avoid excessive use of traffic control devices is even

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Chapter 1 - General Provisions

more important when considering temporary roadworks signing where other factors commonly vie for the attention of road users. By design, wayfinding messages are repeated in sequences on guide signs on the approach to an exit or turn. This is in order that road users have sufficient time to position themselves to exit or turn, if necessary. Once the exit or turn has been completed the driver is given the same information which is either confirmed ("you are here"), or is continued towards the destination until it is reached. It is very important to limit the total amount of information presented to road users at any point, and to adequately separate repeat messages, or different messages, along the road. Provision is made in the guide signing system for supplemental messages. On the basis that the information on primary guide signs is limited by design, the desire to add more information in a supplemental form must be even more strictly controlled. Furthermore, it should be realised that all traffic control devices need to be maintained to retain their relevance. Excessive use of traffic control devices therefore also increase the need for maintenance.

1.1.7 Advertising Signs Advertising signs of any sort are not traffic control devices. Outdoor advertising signs are therefore not appropriate within or over the road right of way. Criteria for the placing of outdoor advertising signs are covered in the Dubai Outdoor Advertising Control Manual. If these criteria are strictly adhered to there should be little risk of conflict between outdoor advertising media and traffic control devices. Any signs or markings placed on the road system not having approval by the Roads & Transport Authority shall be removed. Any signs or markings advertising or promoting a private company, their products, or services shall be prohibited from the public road right of way unless specifically authorized. Provision is made in Chapter 7 of this Manual for the controlled use of temporary signing for special events, subject to compliance with particular criteria.

• •

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Chapter 1- General Provisions

1.2 Human Factors The process to display road traffic signs takes into account many elements of human factors as they pertain to use of the road network. Human factors study indicates that there are wide variances in most of these "factors". Road designers and traffic sign designers need to acknowledge the existence of these wide variances. The study of human factors is far from a complete science, but enough information is available to make it clear that these factors must be part of any high quality road and traffic sign design process, especially a wayfinding process. The following is a brief synopsis of the specific human factors known to affect driver performance in a road environment and which should be considered in the development of a quality traffic control device system, as well as including road and interchange design:

•

•

There is no utypical" driver/road user;

•

The driving process comprises four main tasks, namely: -

Pre-trip planning ;

-

Control;

-

Guidance (of the vehicle i.e. steering, braking etc);

-

Navigation;

•

The driving tasks require an "information-decision-action-observation" sequence - this is an intermittent rather than a continuous process, subject to the complexity of the environment;

•

Driver behavior comprises: -

Psychological traits - including learning, attitude and skills;

-

Sensory abilities;

-

Physical abilities - response and reaction time;

-

Medical condition;

•

Drivers do not observe the road continuously, they blink, observe objects off the line of the road, use the rear view mirrors, read the instruments and even attend to distractions like children or mobile phones in the vehicle; the process is a sampling process - sample levels are low when knowledge is good and high in an unfamiliar environment. If the latter is combined with low ambient light and high traffic volumes, information overload is likely to occur;

•

Factors affecting visual ability include:

•

-

Visual acuity - the ability of the eye to see fine detail - acute vision is limited to small angles and diminishes with age;

-

Visual sensibility - detection of luminance and contrast;

-

Color vision;

-

Perceptual and cognitive factors - including the times for eye movements to occur which limits the amount of new information which can be obtained;

Perception - Reaction Time is the interval between a secondary input and the initial response output to what has been received: -

Perception is the time taken to form a mental image of a sensation received via the body;

-

Intellect involves reasoning towards a decision;

-

Emotion is the affective and subjective part of one's consciousness;

-

Volition is the act of making a choice or decision;

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Chapter 1 - General Provisions

•

•

2nd

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Task information needs comprise: -

Pre-trip information will be remembered during the navigation task;

-

Control task information comes from the vehicle position in the roadway, as well as feedback from braking, steering and acceleration;

-

Guidance task refers to the selection of speed and path within the roadway so that information is needed in order to make decisions relating to activities such as lane changing, overtaking, merging, weaving etc.;

-

Navigation task information comes from memory (pre-trip planning and experience), direction signs and landmarks;

Five principles relate to the systematic presentation to road users: -

Primacy - important information first;

-

Do not overload - processing limitations leading potentially to driver errors;

-

Acquiring information before getting on the road - "a prior1·· knowledge;

-

Keep information at a consistent level by spreading;

-

Do not surprise by contradicting expectations.

•

In spite of the wide variance individual drivers will display in many of the above human factors it is necessary from a design perspective to assume certain values in order to proceed with design. Figure 1-1 illustrates in a simplistic manner how a breakdown in a driver's information supply can affect driver performance in the control, guidance and navigation tasks. This is further explained in the following example.

FIGURE 1-1: FAILURE OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM CATASTROFIC

NON-CATASTROFIC Stranded

Control

Guidance

Expectanay

Lost

Delay

- ------.

Navigation

·Limitations

Spreading

Visual acuity, for example, relates directly to the letter sizes used on all traffic signs, but particularly on guide signs which are the primary source of en route navigational information. In turn the chosen letter size linked with the driver's visual acuity dictates the legibility distance from which the driver is able to start reading a guide sign. In this manual it is assumed that the normal visual acuity of drivers is 1 (this equates to 20/20 vision). A driver with a visual acuity of 1 will be able to read English letters with a height of 300 millimeters from a distance of 180 meters (this represents a legibility index of 0.6 meters of legibility distance per millimeter of letter height). Even though eye testing is a condition of qualifying for a driving license in Dubai there is no doubt that some percentage of the driver population has worse than 20/20 vision. For example, if a driver's visual acuity is 1.14 the legibility index is reduced to 0.5 meters per millimeter height of letter so that for the same 300 millimeter letter the legibility distance from which the same sign can first be read drops to 150 meters. Overhead signs are considered to be no longer readable from a distance of around 55 meters (due to the increased vertical viewing angle). This reduction in visual acuity therefore translates into a reduction in reading distance for the signs from 125 meters to 95 meters, with a corresponding reduction in reading time available at 100 km/h from 4.5 seconds to 3.4 seconds.

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Chapter 1 - General Provisions

It is therefore evident from this one example that in determining human factors design standards the largest possible driver population should be catered for in order to achieve the highest quality of system performance. Figure 1-2 shows the basic steps involved in information transfer and these steps are expanded in detail in Figure 1-3 to show how different sign face elements and the environment contribute to the communication process.

FIGURE 1-2: GUIDE SIGN INFORMATION TRANSFER PROCESS

MESSAGE DESIGN

Table 1-1 lists a very basic series of checks which designers of roads and guide sign installations should ask of their designs before signing them off. Once the road has been built it is too late to expect signs themselves to solve inherent design problems. Signs cannot rectify poor design!

TABLE 1-1: HUMAN FACTORS CHECKLIST Number 1

Check What is the driver's task?

2

What is the information need?

3

What is the information source?

4 5

When is the information provided?

6 7

Does the information contradict driver expectation?

8

What are the likely consequences of an error?

Does the information contradict any other information? Does anything interfere with the information transfer?

It is particularly important to realise that road traffic sign design is an inherent part of road design and act as a check on the feasibility of the road design through the eyes of the road user:

"If you cannot sign it, do not design it!"

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Chapter 1 - General Provisions

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FIGURE 1-3: INFORMATION COMMUNICATION PROCESS

I

MESSAGE DESIGN

I I

I Comprehensibility

Legibilily

Readability

font style font size background/letter contrast colors

purpose user knowledge brevily accuracy darity

I

borders layout abbreviations spacing upper/lower case

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-- - - - - - - - -

~-

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-

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___.J

Environment viewing distance viewing angle Illumination competing displays time presauni

I -Dlscrimlnatlon visual ablllties

Page 1-8

- -·

-- - -

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I I

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Recall

language skills situation knowledge

Volume 1

•

time delay Interference

January 2015

OTCOM -

2nd

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Chapter 1 - General Provisions

1.3 Positive Guidance Sign and markings are directly related to the design of a highway. The highway design should always consider the display of guidance signs concurrently with the planning and design of the geometrics of a highway. The potential for the future operational problems can be significantly reduced if signing and marking are treated as an integral part of the design. As a road safety philosophy which is complementary to the science of human factors, "positive guidance" is a technique which has been developed to create and maintain a road environment which will provide road users with the optimal amount of information, which is: •

Useful (the limitation is that irrelevant or non-useful information takes time for drivers to process - this reduces human performance regarding necessary information processing and action);

•

Prioritized for importance (the performance limitation again applies to human reaction);

•

Uniform and without surprises - expectancy (human response habits are a defense mechanism - driver expectancy results in automatic, and time saving responses to standard stimuli - the ultimate objective of positive guidance techniques);

•

Easily visible under the widest range of conditions (standards used must be as close to ideal as possible).

The positive guidance technique recognizes, for example, that there may be situations where "stopping sight distance" does not allow time for an appropriate, unhurried response to stimuli. This is most likely to occur when:

•

•

There are complex and/or multiple decisions to be made;

•

There is visual clutter or "noise";

•

Stopping is not the appropriate action.

Such situations are, unfortunately common on multi-lane expressways carrying heavy volumes of traffic. Designers are therefore recommended to use as a design tool the ''decision sight distance", which is the distance at which drivers detect a hazard or a navigational message in an environment of visual clutter, and recognize the hazard as a threat or the message as information applicable to their need to change direction or to exit an expressway at a specific point. The "decision sight distance" allows drivers time to select an appropriate speed and path to perform the required maneuver safely and effectively (see Figure 1-4). If a driver has to make several lane changes to make a high speed exit, the decision sight distance, or at least a significant part of its time requirement, will need to be added for each lane change required, in order to determine the total time required to make the exit.

FIGURE 1-4: DECISION SIGHT DISTANCE MODEL

~~=:---------Visible

Driver sees

Identifies information

Decides on action

Initiates action

Completes maneuver

Basic: Time -12.1 sec to 14.5 sec Add 5 - 7.4 sec for each additional lane change Basic Distance - 150 meters (50 km/h) to 400 meters (100 km/h) Multiple lane cross section: Depends on number of lanes Souree· NCHRP Report 600A, 2008

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1.4 Classification 1.4.1 Route Designation A route designation system which includes a range of road classifications has been developed to assist in the consistent application of guidance and information signs. The local and regional road network has been defined by various road classifications each with a distinct character, purpose, and level of access control. The road classifications in Dubai are listed and described in Table 1-2.

TABLE 1-2: ROAD CLASSIFICATION IN DUBAI Road Classification

Access Description

Freeway

Full Access Control

Expressway

Partial Access Control

Primary Arterial

Limited Access Control

Secondary Arterial

Limited Access Control

Collector

Minimal Access Control

Local

No Access Control

A guidance and information signing system has been established for three route designations in Dubai. The three designations are Emirate route, Dubai route, and local streets. Within each designation several road classifications are represented. Generally Emirate route designated roads include full and partial access controlled facilities. The Dubai Route designated roads include partial and limited access controlled facilities. The local streets include those facilities with virtually no access control. Table 1-3 displays the road classifications that typically fall within the three route designations in Dubai.

TABLE 1-3: ROUTE DESIGNATIONS WITH PREDOMINANT ROAD TYPES Route Designations

•

Emirate Route

Dubai Route

Local Street

Road Classification

Freeway

Primary Arterial

Secondary Arterial

Expressway

Secondary Arterial

Collector

Primary Arterial

Collector

Local

The Emirate routes comprise primary inter-city roads which may have one of the following characteristics: •

They may connect to neighbouring countries;

•

They may connect two or more major cities within an Emirate;

• They may connect several major cities in several Emirates. The Dubai routes are generally wholly within the Dubai urban area and comprise mainly second order roads. The local streets generally provide accessibility to communities and feed the Emirates and Dubai routes.

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1.4.2 Traffic Control Devices Classification The traffic control devices included in the Dubai Traffic Control Devices Manual are traffic signs, pavement markings and traffic signals. Unless clear from the context general reference to road signs or traffic signs would refer to all traffic control devices, encompassing traffic signs, pavement markings and traffic signals. Signs and markings are broadly grouped into three major categories: •

Regulatory;

•

Warning;

•

Guide.

Traffic signals are primarily regulatory, but are occasionally used in a warning capacity. A fourth group of traffic signs, markings and traffic signals is that of temporary devices. This group includes all of the three major categories of devices which may be utilized in any of the following temporary situations: •

Incident management;

•

Roadworks;

•

Special events (defined according to specific criteria).

The introduction of dynamic changing signs as part of an ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) brought additional functionality to the road traffic signs. These dynamic changing signs are often of a warning or informational character. The categories of traffic control devices are defined in Figure 1-5 with sub-classes identified for each:

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• Volume 1

January 2015

DTCDM -

2nd

Edition

Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

2.1.2 Size The size of a traffic sign is important for two primary reasons: •

Conspicuity -A sign must be of sufficient size to command the attention of drivers against the background of the roadway environment;

•

Legibility - The legend (text or symbol) of the sign must be of sufficient size to allow recognition and comprehension by drivers traveling at roadway design speeds.

For guide signs, which are largely text based, the sign sizes will vary widely depending on the amount of legend and the lettering size of the legend. Legibility is the primary factor controlling guide sign sizes. The parameters affecting guide sign sizing are discussed in Chapter 5 of this Volume and therefore are not detailed herein. The sizes for regulatory and warning signs should be standardized. Regulatory and warning signs, which are more symbol oriented than text oriented, tend to be much smaller in size than guide signs. These signs should be used in a manner that would ensure that they are as conspicuous as possible. Table 2-2 presents guidelines for selecting the appropriate sign sizes for regulatory and warning signs. TABLE 2-2: REGULATORY AND WARNING SIGN SIZES Posted Speed Limit (km/h) (See Note 1)

Recommended Regulatory Sign Size (mm) (See Notes 2, 3 & 7)

Recommended Warning Sign Size (mm) (See Note 4)

Recommended Attention and Diagrammatic Sign Size (mm) (See Note 5)

Required Minimum Clear Visibility (m)

40 or less

600

750

900(W) x 1200(H)

50

60

750

900

1200(W) x 1600(H)

60

80

900

1200

1200(W) x 1600(H)

80

100 or more

1200

1500

1800(W) x 2400(H)

100

Pedestrian or Cycle trails

300

450

450(W) x600(H)

25

NOTES·. 1. When a speed ltnit sign is reducing the speed limit from a higher value, the lower limit sign shall be sized according to the higher speed limit, which is the speed at which the sign will be approached i.e. the sign size is based on the approach speed. If an engineering study 85th percentae speeds are significantly different from posted speed limits, sign sizes should be chosen based on the 85th percentile speed. 2. Signs based on the lower speed limit shall only be displayed beyond the lower posted speed limit. 3. Regulatory sign sizes refer to a circle diameter. For the STOP sign the diameter represents an inscribed circle. 4. Advance warning sign sizes refer to the apex to apex measurement of the side of the triangular sign. GIVE WAY signs should be sized in the same way as advance warning signs. 5. For diagrammatic warning signs, the width may be increased when three or more arrows are displayed or when signs are superimposed on the diagrammatic arrows. Sizes for these amended signs are stipulated in Volume 2. 6. Sizes shown are desirable minimums for ground mounted signs. Larger sign sizes, particularly for warning signs, may be used in critical situations. When used as overhead mounted signs the size should be increased by at least one class larger than the ground mounted sign for the corresponding speed limit. 7. The sizes for Regulatory signs are not applicable to parking related signs and freewayfexpressway control signs. Sizes for these signs are stipulated in Volume 2.

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2.1.3 Color Code Table 2-3 describes the background colors to be used for traffic signs in Dubai. Central values and tolerance limits for colors are included in the specifications section found in Volume 2 of this Manual. Sign background colors or uses other than those listed in Table 2-3 are not permitted.

TABLE 2-3: TRAFFIC SIGN BACKGROUND COLOR CODE Background Sign Class Color

Border Color

Regulatory: - Control

Red

White

- Mandatory

Blue

White

• Prohibitory Diagrammatic - Reserved

White

Red

White

Red

Parking

White Orange Blue

Red Black White

Blue

White

Pay and Display Parking Lane Reservation - Comprehensive Warning: Advance Warning (General) Advance Warning (Vulnerable road users)

White

Red

Fluorescent Yellow Green

Red

- Emirates Routes Direction

Blue

White

• Dubai routes and intersecting non-numbered streets direction

Green

White

• Supplemental Transportation Destination ·Supplemental Direction Signs

Blue or Green (1)

White

Brown

White

- Local Direction - Street Name (Dubai numbered to numbered junctions)

Green or White (2) White

White or Black(3)

- Community Street Name

White

Black

- Building Number Plate

Blue

White

Distance (Emirate route)

Blue

White

Other general information signs

White

Black

- Roadworks (EXCEPT Regulatory Control)

Yellow

Red or Black (3)

- Incident Management (EXCEPT Regulatory Control)

Yellow

Red or Black (3)

Guide:

Black

General Information

Temporary:

- Special event Yellow Black NOTES: 1. The Supplemental Transportation signs take on the color of the route/street on which they are displayed. 2. Guide signs on unnumbered roads in Dubai shall be on a green background. Only guide signs on local streets within acommunity (i.e. excluding boundary or collector streets) shall be on white background. 3. The correct border color is shown in Volume 2 on a sign by sign basis. 14. Control signs retain their standard red color irrespective of being used in permanent or temporary applications. 5. The correct colors for the Pay Toll/Salik sign 343 are shown Volume 2.

Table 2-4 describes the basic sign legend or symbol colors for traffic signs in Dubai.

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Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

TABLE 2-4: TRAFFIC SIGN LEGEND COLOR CODE Legend Color

Sign Class

Regulatory:

•

- Control -Mandatory - Prohibitory Diagrammatic Attention - Reserved Parking - prohibited AND permissive. Pay and Display Parking Lane Reservation - Freeway/Expressway Comprehensive Warning:

White White Black Black White and black Black (1) Black (2) White and black White and red (3)

Diagrammatic Attention

Black (4) While and black

Guide: -Emirates Routes Direction White (5) - Dubai routes and intersecting non-numbered streets direction White (5) - Supplemental Transportation While or black (6) - Supplemental Direction White or black (6) - Local Direction Black - Street Name (Dubai numbered to numbered junctions) Black -Community Street Name Black - Building Number Plate White General Information Distance (Emirate route) White Town Entry/Exit Black (7) District/Community Entry Black (7) Text Black Kilometre marker Black (8) Temporary: - Roadworks (EXCEPT Regulatory Control} Black (4) - Incident Management (EXCEPT Regulatory Control) Black - Special event Black NOTES: 1. Permissive Reservation parking signs also include a white on blue parking symbol and, in some instances another white on blue category of parker symbol. 2. Pay-and-display parking signs also display the white on blue parking symbol and include green on white pay-and-display and mobile phone SMS number symbols. 3. Hazard marker signs include red arrow shapes. 4. Some Attention and diagrammatic regulatory and warning signs include red "hazard" areas. 5. Route letters and numbers within the route Emblems shall be Fluorescent Yellow. 6. Guide signs, including direction, supplemental transportation and supplemental direction signs commonly include a black symbol on a white square background. Occasionally such signs are displayed in color (GARDEN/PARK or METRO I TRAM Symbols). 7. These signs may also include a color symbol on a white background. a. Certain kilometre markers also include the Emirates Route Emblem.

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2.1.4 Legend The legend of a traffic sign is the element that provides a sign with a unique and definitive meaning or message. The legend may be composed of a symbol, a text message, or both. Symbols used shall be the same in appearance as those shown in this Manual. When new symbols are approved for usage, especially on warning signs, a SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589 should accompany these signs for a period of one year, but not more than three years from date of which installation if deemed necessary, for public education and awareness. Symbolic messages given in this Manual shall be used in preference to text messages whenever available. Standard text messages in Arabic and English shall be used when an appropriate symbol is not available. Word messages shall be as brief as possible. Roads & Transport Authority standard Arabic and English fonts shall be used for text on all types of signs. These fonts are included in Volume 2 of this Manual. The standard fonts to be used are Transport Medium for English text and Naskh for Arabic text. Transport Heavy shall only be used for a limited number of signs where it is deemed essential to provide bold black text on white background. These signs are specifically identified in Volume 2. The height of the Arabic "aleph" character shall be 1.7 times the height of the English "x" letter. Numerical legends shall only be displayed in Arabic numerals of size equalling 1.4x. The traditional Arabic (Hindi) numerals shall be phased out and not be displayed on new signs.

•

2.1.5 Retroreflection and 11 lumination Traffic signs are generally required to function on an around the clock basis. It is thus necessary that they exhibit the same shape and color during both day and night hours. To accomplish this, all sign faces shall be manufactured using retroreflective sheeting, EXCEPT for BUILDING NUMBER plates. Retroreflective sheeting gains its name from the design characteristic of the sheeting whereby the sheeting is capable of capturing light coming from a vehicle headlight and reflecting a significant portion of that light back to the eye of the driver. This reflected light is what drivers see, allowing them to distinguish the shape, color and ultimately the message of the sign. Since signs must be located outside of the travel path of a vehicle, the nighttime visibility of a sign is dependent upon the ability of the sheeting material to capture light striking the surface of the sign at an angle and reflect that light back at the same angle. This feature, called angularity, is one of the primary measures of the functionality of a retroreflective sheeting material. High intensity microprismatic retroreflective sheeting has very favorable properties with respect to angularity and thus shall be used for sheeting on all traffic signs. Using brighter classes of retroreflective sheeting to manufacture signs where lower retroreflective sheeting types are specified shall be subject to approval by the Roads & Transport Authority. The technical requirements of retroreflective sheeting are contained in the Specifications section (Chapter8) in Volume 2 of this Manual. These specifications are based on the AASHTO Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Flat and Vertical Traffic Control Applications (M268-10). The performance of microprismatic sheeting is classified in terms of light falling on the sign. The AASHTO classification is based on standard types of testing as determined by American Standard Test Method (ASTM) 04956. The different classes of materials to be used for different types of signs are described in Table 2-5.

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Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

TABLE 2-5: RETROREFLECTIVITY CLASSES ON SIGNS SIGN TYPE Ground Mounted Signs Regulatory Signs Warning Signs Diagrammatic High Visibility Signs

SHEETING CLASS (M 268-10) Legend B 8/NR

Background B 8

8/NR

Supplemental Signs

8

Street Name Signs

NR

B D 8 8

Direction Signs

D

Supplemental Direction Signs

Direction Signs

D

SHEETING TYPE (ASTM 04956-11) Legend IV IV NR/IV

Background

XI

XI

Notes

IV

(1)

IV

(1)(5) (2)(3)

IV

IV

IV

(1)

NR

IV

(2)

D

XI

XI

D

D

XI

XI

D

D

XI

XI

Regularity and Warning Signs

8/NR

8

IV/NR

IV

Diagrammatic Signs

8/NR

8

IV/NR

IV

NR

B

NR

IV

Overhead Mounted Signs

Other E-route and 0-route emblems

(4)

Temporary Signs

Direction Signs

NOTE: 1. Signs may be manufactured in higher grade of reflective sheeting if approved by Roads & Transport Authority.

2. 3. 4.

5.

White background should not be prepared with sheeting with higher reflectivity than shown NR= Non Reflective black. Black sheeting shall comply with outdoor warranty of 10 years. Black sheeting shall be n fu comp iance with underlying 10 years reflective sheeting materials. E-route and D-route symbolscontain Fluorescent Yellowsheeting in type XI and sha 1bear full sheeting manufacturer warranty for its use Warning Signs for Vulnerable Road users contain Fluorescent Yellow-Green background sheeting in Type XI and shall bear full sheeting manufacturer warranty for its use.

A vehicle directs the largest percentage of its headlight output slightly below horizontal (and predominantly to the right) especially under low beam operation. Thus, ground mounted signs (particularly those on the right side of the roadway) will generally be well lit by vehicle headlights and will be capable of retroreflecting enough light to provide adequate nighttime conspicuity and legibility. However, this is not usually the case for signs mounted overhead. Overhead signs are generally guide signs containing multiple pieces of information that must be viewed and understood by drivers traveling at relatively high speeds and/or under heavy traffic volumes and/ or through complex interchange maneuvers. Thus, these signs must be conspicuous and legible from a relatively long distance to provide adequate time for a driver to comprehend the messages being conveyed. Particularly on urban roadways, where driving is done with low beam headlights, the intensity of light from vehicles striking the sign face may be too low to provide this long distance legibility. For this reason, it is preferred that all overhead signs shall be illuminated except in cases where all of the following conditions are met: •

When the roadway is provided with street lighting;

•

When the sign is visible from a distance of 370 meters or more;

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• When the horizontal curvature of the road approaching the sign has no less than a 250 meter radius; • Where high intensity microprismatic retroreflective sheeting is used. The standard means of illuminating overhead signs shall be through the use of external illumination using mercury vapor sign lanterns. Specifications for standard lighting are contained in Volume 2 of this Manual. Other means of external lighting, internal lighting or legend outline lighting will be permitted only on a special case demonstration basis when authorized by the Roads & Transport Authority. The only sign which is not specified to have a retroreflective finish is the BUILDING NUMBER plate. The sign is specified to have a durable vitreous enamel finish.

•

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Chapter 2-Traffic Signs- General

Traffic Sign Placement

This section deals with the placement of ground mounted and overhead signs. Proper placement of traffic signs refers to the lateral, vertical, and longitudinal positioning that provides the necessary sign legibility for road users. Without proper placement the efforts to select, design, fabricate, and apply traffic signs are wasted. However, since no two roads are aligned and designed alike, the guidelines for sign placement given here are intended to be interpreted with a measure of flexibility to allow application under varying geometric configuration. Sound engineering judgment on an individual project basis, following the general guidelines provided here, must be applied so that sign visibility and legibility are maximized.

•

It is essential to understand that a poorly designed roadway can never be corrected by providing superior traffic signing. The basic guidelines of sign placement must be considered early in the road design process. This applies particularly to the provision of guide signs and sequences of guide signs on multilane expressways and freeways and even more so to signs required within complex interchanges. Except as identified in this section, all traffic signs should be positioned on the right side of the roadway facing the approaching traffic or overhead close to the center of the travel lanes to which the signs apply. Under certain conditions traffic signs may be placed on the left side of the road as follows: •

Divided roadways and one-way roads where supplementary regulatory, warning or guide signs are needed;

•

Two way roadways where sharp right curves exist;

•

Multi-lane freeways where visibility of right side signs is blocked (this can also be a warrant for the use of overhead signs, particularly guide signs);

•

At roadworks, particularly for signs located within the Advance warning Area.

Every sign location must be thoroughly checked to identify any possible visibility obstructions. The following conditions may limit sight lines; •

Downhill dips in the roadway;

•

Crest vertical curves;

•

Parked or stationary vehicles blocking visibility;

•

Trees and other foliage blocking visibility;

•

Proximity of other (existing) traffic signs in front of or behind the new sign under consideration;

•

Existing advertising signs.

In addition, traffic signs should be placed in a manner that avoids blocking or impeding the pedestrian or bicycle flow along sidewalks and trails. While signs are provided to enhance the safe operation of a roadway, they are fixed objects which pose a hazard if struck by motorists. Therefore, the sign supports should not be over designed, but must be protected appropriately or should be provided with a breakaway post or protected by appropriate protection - as shown in Volume 2. The specifications for sign posts and support structures are provided in Volume 2 of this Manual.

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2.2.1 Lateral Placement Since traffic signs are a road side hazard if struck, they should be placed at as great a distance from the pavement edge as practical. However, as signs are placed farther from the pavement edge they become less conspicuous and less legible to motorists. Every opportunity to position traffic signs behind crash barriers, guardrail, or other road side safety barriers should be pursued. The following general guidelines should be used to determine the lateral placement of traffic signs: • The closest part of any traffic sign should be a minimum of 0.60 meters outside the shoulder of a curbed road; • The closest part of any traffic sign should be a minimum of 3.6 meters outside the edge of pavement of an uncurbed road; • The maximum distance that the closest part of a traffic sign should be outside the edge of pavement is typically 9.0 meters; • Traffic signs may, however, be up to 15 meters outside the edge of pavement on high speed roads where such a clear recovery area is needed and breakaway supports are not used (under such circumstances a larger than standard letter size may be warranted); •

In urban areas with curb sections, the closest part of any traffic sign should be 0.30 meters behind the curb;

•

Clearance to support structures for overhead signs should be a minimum of 9.0 meters beyond the edge of pavement or 0.6 meters beyond the edge of pavement when placed behind a guardrail, barrier or curb (flexible guardrail will require greater clearances depending on deflection criteria);

•

Community street name signs may occasionally be mounted on the face of a building or on a property boundary wall at the edge of the road right-of-way; this practice is most common with the signing of sikkas;

•

All building numbers are to be indicated on building number plate signs mounted on the face of a building or on a property boundary wall at the edge of the road right-of-way adjacent to the principle pedestrian access to the property.

Figures 2-1to2.5 and Table 2-6 describe the requirements for lateral placement of signs.

2.2.2 Vertical Placement The vertical placement of a traffic sign shall be determined as the least distance measured from the pavement or ground surface to the underside of the sign, taking account of cross fall or super elevation if the sign is positioned over the roadway. The mounting height of a traffic sign affects the following elements: •

The visibility of the sign;

•

Pedestrian hazard of striking the underside of signs;

•

The breakaway safety of the support structure.

Figures 2-1 to 2-5 and Table 2-6 describe the requirements for vertical placement of signs.

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__

Dimension ,_

Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

TABLE 2-6: LATERAL AND VERTICAL POSITIONING OF TRAFFIC SIGNS (Refers to Figures 2-1 to 2-5) Minimum (mm)

Remarks

Preferred (mm)

Maximum (mm)

600

3000

See Note4

2000

See Note 5

3000

See Notes 6, 7and 8

A

300

B

600

c

2350

2350

D

1200

1900

2500

See Notes 8, 9 and 1O

E

500

1200

1600

See Notes 6, 7and 9

F

2100

2100

2500

See Note6

G

3600

9000

15000

See Note 5

H

.

6000

See Note 12

.

--

1200

-

!

I

750

. .

J

50

500

K

600

3000

L

9000

.

. .

M

5500

6500

6500

N

1800

.

4200

p

1500

2350

. See Note 13 See Note 16

-

See Note 14 See Note 12 See Note 15

NOTES: 1. Dimension letters refer to Figures 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5. 2. If no dimension value is given in the table this means that the dimension concerned is variable. 3. Lateral dimension reference points are defined as follows: X- Face of curb, guardrail or barrier. Y - Edge of pavement. Z- Edge of shoulder. Use of the minimum value of Dimension "A' will result in a risk of occasional vehicle contact with signs or their supports. This minimum value should only be used when: • Other street furniture exists at such a distance from a curb face (e.g. street lighting supports); • The sign is mounted parallel to the curb face (various NO STOPPING, NO PARKING or permissive parking signs); • Visibility of the signs will be seriously impaired by placing them at the preferred distance. 5. When dimensions 'B' and 'G" are both shown both sha I be checked and the more restrictive condition applied. 6. In urban areas (assumed to be curbed but may sometimes not have curbs) vertical dimensions are the minimum clearances from the bottom of the sign to the ground below. 7. Certain regulatory signs, principally the mandatory tum signs 322, 323, 326, 327 and 328 are commonly located in front of drivers as they approach a turn. These signs should be mounted as per d'mension 'E' rather than ·c· if so doing will not create a visual obstruction, except for sign 326 which shall be mounted with a 150 mm dearance from the ground to the bottom of the sign. 8. The minimum dimension given shall be used only when measuring to qualificaron or supplementary plates or when two signs are mounted one above the other on the same post. When two signs of different classes are mounted on the same post a regulatory sign should be mounted above an advance warning sign. When no qualification or supplementary plate or second sign is present, the preferred dimension shall be taken as the minimum dimens on. 9. In rural areas (assumed to be uncurbed) vertical dimensions are measured up from the near side edge of pavement elevation (Point Y). If the roadway is superelevated such that it rises in the direction of the sign the pavement surface slope shall be extended to the farthest edge of the vertical dimension taken from that elevation 10. The use of a mounting height in the range 1500 mm to 2000 mm snot recommended for dimension 'D" for signs with a single support unless the support is provided with a breakaway system 11 . For large. multi-post signs with a breakaway post system, the minimum clearance between the underside of the sign and the ground below it shall be 2250 mm. This will permit a standard vehicle striking lhe post to pass under the sign panel. 12. The maximum value stated may be exceeded but individual deta led structural designs shall be provided for all support struciures. 13. When posts are required to be located behind a nexible beam guardra I the minimum dimension shall be checked for compatibility with 1 the maximum deflection of the railing being used. I 14. The minimum dimension given is the po nt of minimum clearance between the bottom of the sign support structure and the pavement surface (including shoulder if the sign is over the shoulder) vertically below. For E-routes minimum clearance shall be 6.0 mfor gantries and 6.5 mfor canti evers For 0-routes minimum clearance shal be 5.5 mfor gantries and 6.0 mfor canlilevers. However, on certain D-routes that carry a high proportion of heavy vehicles the Roads &Transport Authority may direct the E-route clearance standards to be used. 15. Where Community Street Name s'gns are located over a sidewalk or close s'de a I the preferred clearance to the underside of the signs should be similar to dimension C. The minimum height for Prefers to cases where a sign or building number are fixed to a wall with limited height. In such cases the top of the sign should be less than 300mm below the top of the wall. l_ 16. Dimension L should only be used if no protection for gantry leg is inslaUed; otherwise use K.

14.

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FIGURE 2-1: LATERAL AND VERTICAL POSITIONING OF TRAFFIC SIGNS REGULATORY AND WARNING SIGNS Parking Control Signs

c

c

D

Z/Y

x

•

Detail 2-1 .1: Standard Regulatory Signs

c x

CID min

0

•

Detail 2-1 .2: Standard Advance Warning Signs

Detail 2-1.3: Hazard Warning Signs

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Detail 2-1.4a: Pass Either Side sign 326

Details 2-1.4b: Hazard marker signs

Detail 2-1.5: Attention and Diagrammatic Warning Signs

FIGURE 2-2: LATERAL AND VERTICAL POSITIONING OF TRAFFIC SIGNS GUIDE AND GENERAL INFORMATION SIGNS 0.5 Median Width

Junc:tlon Street

Name

c

A

x Median Vertical

Lateral

Detail 2-2.1 : Street Name and Action Direction Signs (See Detail 2-3.1 for Community Street Name signs.)

1. B/G ·I'- c

0

Detail 2-2.2: Route Marker and Gore Exit Direction Signs

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F

Uncurbed

Curbed

Detail 2-2.3: Ground Mounted Direction and General Information Signs

• x

K

M

L y

Gantry

Cantilever

Detail 2-2.4: Overhead Direction Signs 14 to 17m • (no protection)

I

r1 s;

x

E (Preferred)

Note: Sign should be located where obstrution to pedestrians is m'n mized.

Detail 2-2.5: Community Map Signs

Page 2-16

Detail 2-2.6 : Kilometer Markers

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FIGURE 2-3: LATERAL AND VERTICAL POSITIONING OF TRAFFIC SIGNS COMMUNITY STREET NAME SIGNS

f

Prelemld Option

0 ' Detail 2·3.1 Community Street Name sign

Detall2·3.5 Sign Positioning T-Junction

3 Leg Approach Option

r I

Detail 2·3.2 Standard sign Position Cross Street

4 Leg Approach Option

4 Leg Approach

Option

Detall 2-3.6 Sign Positioning Medium to Large Roundabout

I

4 Leg Approach Option ~

4 Leg Approach Option

Detai12-3.7 Sign Positioning Very Small Roundaboul

AltematiVe Option 2 Sign 2

Allematlw Option \

I

~457

,- . ~

·='-- \

Detail 2-3.4 Sign Positioning Loop Street Curve

r .-

Prelened Option

1 IA --....

'I' ','

I·

I

Delail 2-3.8 Sign Positioning PMIN. Building or Freestanding Wall __J_

'

l' ·':I 1 I

January 2015

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· 11

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Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

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FIGURE 2-4: LATERAL AND VERTICAL POSITIONING OF TRAFFIC SIGNS BUILDING NUMBER PLATE SIGNS

Detail 2-4.1: Building Entrance

Detail 2-4.2: Villa or Compound Wall/Gate

2.2.3 Longitudinal Placement Longitudinal placement is the element of sign positioning that is the most flexible. Guidelines for the longitudinal placement are general and subject to the specific field and road conditions, particularly in urban areas. The longitudinal placement along a road depends on the sign type, criticality of message, and maneuver required. Traffic sign positions can be moved longitudinally in many situations in order to: •

Improve visibility;

•

Avoid blocking other signs;

•

Improve roadside safety;

•

Increase spacing between adjacent signs.

As a general guide, regulatory signs are placed where the mandate/prohibition starts or applies. Regulatory signs may commonly be repeated along a section of road to improve driver awareness of the application of the regulations. warning signs are placed sufficiently far in advance of the condition being indicated on the sign to allow adequate response time to the warning (see Table 4-1). Guide signs should be placed at regular positions that best guide the motorist to routes and destinations of interest. The distance to a high speed exit is actually included on all overhead advance guide signs. Whilst this distance does not need to be precise it is recommended that distances displayed be rounded down to the nearest 100m below the actual distance measured (see section 5.6). General guidelines for the longitudinal placement of signs are provided below: •

Most regulatory signs are placed where their message is applied. These sign messages typically refer to one point {e.g. a STOP sign), or remain in effect until another regulatory sign changes the requirement (e.g. a SPEED LIMIT sign);

•

When regulatory signs are located in advance of the point of application of the regulation, an accompanying distance referring to the point of application should be displayed, normally with a SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign;

•

Advance warning signs should be provided well in advance of the hazard or condition being signed;

•

The motorist must recognize the message, determine the appropriate response, and adjust their speed accordingly prior to arriving at the hazard. The distance that an Advance Warning sign is located from the hazard therefore varies with the speed at which the hazard can be safely negotiated and with the speed of approach - the greater the speed reduction required, the greater the longitudinal distance that the sign should be located in advance of the hazard.

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Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

Table 4-1 in Chapter 4 gives detailed guidelines on these distances; •

Hazard marker signs should be located as close as possible to the hazard they are marking;

•

Directional guide signs should be provided sufficiently far in advance of intersections, interchanges, and exits to allow the motorist to make the necessary decisions and actions; detailed guidelines for advance distances and the sequencing order of freeway direction signs are provided in Chapter 5 and are illustrated in Chapter 8;

•

On rural roads a minimum longitudinal spacing between smaller signs of 75 meters to 80 meters is recommended (smaller signs being standard regulatory or warning signs);

•

On urban roads a minimum longitudinal spacing between smaller signs of 45 meters to 50 meters is recommended (smaller signs being standard regulatory or warning signs);

•

On rural roads a longitudinal spacing between larger signs of 150 meters to 300 meters is desirable (larger signs being diagrammatic signs or direction signs);

•

On urban roads a minimum longitudinal spacing between larger signs of 90 meters to 175 meters is desirable (larger signs being diagrammatic signs or direction signs};

•

On freeways and expressways a minimum longitudinal spacing of 200 meters between direction signs should be adhered to.

The spacing between successive signs should not be closer in meters than the value of the speed limit, measured in km/h, i.e. if speed limit is 120 km/h the preferred distance between successive signs should be at least 120m. When there is competition from several signs for space along a road it is generally better practice to increase distances between signs rather than to reduce them in order to solve specific problems. However, when guide signs are involved great care must be exercised in the vicinity of minor side road junctions to avoid confusion as a result of sign positioning. Closely spaced signs may be mounted on a common support, particularly if, as may be the case with regulatory and warning signs, their messages are associated. In such a case the regulatory sign should be mounted above the warning sign. The minimum clearance requirement must be applied to the lower of the two signs. Building number plate signs are placed on the property or building wall at the edge of the road right-of-way so that they are located adjacent to the principle point of pedestrian access to the building or property. If there is no specific pedestrian access the building number plate should be located adjacent to the vehicular access as shown in Detail 2-4.2.

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2.2.4 Overhead Installations Overhead traffic sign installations may be mounted to road bridges, overcrossing structures, or support structures. The signs placed on overhead structures should be located directly over the affected travel lane(s). Overhead structures and signs are typically provided on freeways, expressways, multi-lane facilities, and heavily traveled roads. Overhead guide signs should be used when one or more of the following general conditions are present: •

All grade separated interchange through roadways;

•

All roadways with four or more lanes in one direction;

•

All roadways with three or more lanes in one direction and with peak hour design year one way traffic in excess of 1000 vehicles per hour;

•

Restricted sight distance;

•

High percentage of trucks;

•

High speed traffic; (>60km/h);

•

Consistency of sign message location through a series of intersections;

•

Insufficient space for ground mounted signs.

•

Care shall be taken that successive overhead mounted sign installations are spaced far enough to retain forward visilbilty; Figure 2-5 provides guidelines for such spacing.

FIGURE 2-5: MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN OVERHEAD SIGNS Minimum successive distance Sign 2 Sign 1

•

'\70

I

Ineffective reading time @ig!l.1)

~

...:

Detect and

~cognize {§ig!l_~~

(2-3 sec)

~

Decision and response

Reading distanCJ!_@grr_2}_

MJnit[at[o!L~9~

'

Maneuver time I distance M ·(Lane chang~ ~

(4.2-7 sec)

SPEED LIMIT

(km/h)

60 80 100

Page 2-20

Ineffective readin~ time {Sign )

BITS OF INFORMATION (SIGN 2)

SUCCESSIVE DISTANCE

(NI

MINIMUM (m)

6 12 6 12

100 170 135 215

6

165 260

12

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RECOMMENDED FOR DESIGN (m)

180 230 290

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Chapter 2 - Traffic Signs - General

2.2.5 Orientation Angle Ground mounted traffic signs should be placed at approximate right angles to traffic that must read the message. Specifically, signs located less than 9.0 meters from the edge of pavement should be oriented at 93° to the line of approaching traffic. This slight rotation from true right angle eliminates many of the glare problems that can occur when retroreflective sheeting is used. For signs greater than 9.0 meters from the pavement edge an orientation of 87° to the line of approaching traffic is recommended (see Figure 2-6 below). FIGURE 2-6: SIGN ORIENTATION ANGLE

less than 9 Om

I

Greater than 9 Om

-------·t

-

-

I

Detail 2·6.1: Adjustment for Ground-mounted signs

Tilt Sign back at top by 10mm per

1m hoght"" 1%-"""' •2%

--

~~o

ir

~1 ~

I I I I

·2%

horizontal Upslope=2% or g re eler

Any Slope l e ss than +2%

Detail 2-6 .2 : Adjustment for Overhead Mounted Signs

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs 3.1

General

Regulatory signs are used to control the actions of road users. They indicate what road users must do and what they must not do. Failure to obey a regulatory sign, unless directed otherwise by a traffic officer, constitutes an offense and is punishable by law. For this reason it is important that those who erect regulatory signs do so with a clear knowledge of other regulatory signs in the vicinity in order to avoid conflicting regulatory messages being presented to road users. Regulatory signs shall be easy to understand, difficult to misinterpret and easy to enforce without argument. To this end symbols are recommended whenever possible rather than words to pass on regulatory messages. The use of exclusive shapes for regulatory signs such as the octagon for the STOP sign and the inverted triangle for the GIVE WAY sign, together with the reserved use of a circular shape for most other regulatory signs ensures that their function can be instantly recognized by road users. The significance or meaning of each individual regulatory sign is given in subsequent sections of this chapter. It should be clearly understood that a regulatory sign, once erected applies for 24 hours a day and to all road users approaching the sign. However, it should be noted that in certain instances one regulatory message may be accorded priority over another regulatory message e.g. a BUS STOP sign 390 may be provided on a section of road that is otherwise signed in general terms as a NO STOPPING or NO PARKING section, so that for a bus using the bus stop, the driver is not committing an offense in doing so. (See section 3.5.7.) lf it is required to modify either or both of these two factors the sign must be altered in some way. This can be achieved by either: •

Qualifying the meaning of the sign with a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365; or

•

Use of a variable message sign.

The use of a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 below a regulatory sign may qualify the meaning of the sign in a number of ways: •

By indicating the time(s) of the day that the sign is operational; e.g. a NO STOPPING sign required to operate only during peak hours should display a plate with the appropriate times of the peak periods indicated below the NO STOPPING sign ; or

•

By showing that a specific class of vehicle is obliged or prohibited from taking some action while the rest of road users are not e.g. A TURN RIGHT ONLY sign required to apply to goods vehicles but not other traffic should display a plate with the pictogram or symbol of a goods vehicle below the TURN RIGHT ONLY sign. For the purposes of discussion in this Manual the term "goods vehicle" will be used throughout to cover all vehicles previously discussed as "goods vehicles", "heavy vehicles" and "trucks". If the reference is primarily directed at good vehicles with a gross vehicle mass of greater than, say, 1O tons, the term may be modified to "heavy goods vehicle" for discussion purposes only but this has no specific legal connotation. (See sections 3.3.11, 3.4.1 and 3.4.6.)

It is also possible to add information to a regulatory sign which does not modify its application but simply gives road users additional information about its operation. Examples of such applications are: •

If a speed limit is reduced in the vicinity of a school the SPEED LIMIT sign may have a SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589 indicating - SCHOOL-; or

•

If an advance warning sign is considered necessary before the introduction of a regulatory sign and an appropriate warning sign is not available a SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589 may be displayed below the regulatory sign indicating the distance to the start of the regulation - a second regulatory sign, without such a plate, must be placed at the point from which the regulation is to apply.

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Chapter 3- Regulatory Signs

In order to maintain the clarity of message required of regulatory signs it is recommended that only one symbol shall be used on a regulatory sign. If two messages are required, two signs should be used, taking due care that the two instructions can be displayed simultaneously. There are many aspects of the control of road users and of the safe, good behavior of road users which apply throughout the road network. This makes it impractical to exercise the necessary control by means of erecting a large number of regulatory signs. Road users are therefore required to comply with a number of basic "Rules of the Road''. Failure to comply with the "Rules of the Road", unless directed otherwise by a traffic officer, shall constitute an offense which is punishable by law.

3.1.1 Rules of the Road The "Rules of the Road" are traffic laws that are instituted under the U.A.E. Federal Traffic Law Number 21, 1995 and enforced by the Dubai Traffic Police. The publication of these rules is beyond the scope of this Manual. However, they are considered an integral part of this Manual by reference and are also outlined in the Roads & Transport Authority Licensing Agency document "A Guide to Safer Driving."

3.1.2 Function and Objectives of Regulatory Signs It is the function of regulatory signs to supplement the "Rules of the Road" to further control the actions of road users, when necessary, in the sense that road users shall take, or not take, specific actions as indicated by such signs. It is the function of regulatory signs to indicate the existence of general laws or regulations made in the interests of road safety, such as by SPEED LIMIT signs. Alternatively, regulatory signs may control traffic movement by means of STOP or GIVE WAY signs or traffic signals in the interests of good traffic order and operational efficiency. It can also be the function of a regulatory sign to indicate a change in the general levels of control existing for road users to a different level of control, e .g. by the introduction of NO OVERTAKING, NO PARKING or other restrictions. In erecting regulatory signs the road authority must seek the objective of only providing as many regulatory signs as is necessary, with adequate levels of enforcement. to ensure the safe and orderly movement of traffic. The provision of too many regulatory signs may result in disrespect for the signing system by road users and a failure to achieve the desired objective. The display of a regulatory sign at a location where, or under conditions that would rarely if ever be subject to law enforcement, should be particularly avoided, as it would further lead to increase disrespect for the signing system. It should be the objective of any specific regulatory sign to transfer the required message to the intended road users as clearly and as quickly as possible with a minimum impact on the complexity of the driving task. In order to achieve this objective regulatory signs must be of adequate size, and must be correctly positioned to attract the attention of road users. The use of the worded messages to impose regulatory compliance should be avoided due to the risk that a driver may not read and correctly interpret such a message in the available time.

3.1.3 Sub-Classification of Regulatory Signs In order to assist the understanding of the different functions of different types of regulatory sign the class is further sub-divided: •

Control Signs - assign priority right of way or direction of travel;

•

Mandatory Signs - indicate actions that must be taken;

•

Prohibitory Signs - indicate prohibited action or objects;

•

Reservation Signs - regulate the use of various facilities reserved for specific classes of vehicle, e.g. bus lane, or driver actions, e.g. parking;

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

Comprehensive Signs - indicate limits of roads classified as expressways or freeways and neighborhood areas and tunnels where a combination of regulations apply simultaneously.

Many of the signs in these classes may also be used at roadworks. The roadworks signs universally use a black symbol on a yellow background with the exception of any control signs used at roadworks which retain the colors shown in their normal permanent applications; (See Chapter 7). All classes of regulatory sign apply on a 24-hour basis unless otherwise indicated by a secondary message. (See section 3.1.) Signs in all classes may also have a QUALIFICATION PLATE 365 or SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589 located below the regulatory sign. In working with regulatory signs it often helps to consider the way in which the function of an individual sign message is indicated. This function can be considered as imposing control or restriction in one of three ways as follows: •

By imposing a restrictive "limit", e.g. an upper mass limit;

•

By requiring or prohibiting a particular "actionn. e.g. a turn;

•

By controlling a particular type of "object" (indicated by a pictogram or symbol of the "objecr), e.g. a goods vehicle .

•

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

Control Signs

The signs in this group have a common function in that they are used to allocate priority right-of-way or direction of movement as a function of the road section and represents the highest degree of regulatory meaning.

3.2.1 STOP sign 301 Sign 301 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall come to a full and complete stop with such vehicle at the STOP LINE pavement marking 601 (if displayed) and that the driver shall not proceed until it is safe to do so. If a STOP LINE marking 601 is not provided, the driver shall bring his vehicle to a stop at a location that does not constitute danger to crossing vehicles. STOP sign 301 should only be installed at junctions where sight distances do not comply with the requirements given in Table 3-1. Distances S1 and S2 are illustrated by examples in Figure 3-1. Vehicles in Figure 3-1 shall be positioned within respective legal travel paths to provide the most restrictive conditions.

•

SIGN 301

TABLE 3-1: SIGHT DISTANCES - STOP SIGN 85th Percentile Speed on Main Street (km/h)

S1 (m)

S2 (m)

45 or less

50

5.0

45. 60

75

7.5

60. 80

120

10.0

over SO

175

10.0

FIGURE 3-1: SIGHT DISTANCE SPLAYS

...

S1

I

S1

t... ...

~t .

...

--

LED.

,,,.-

--..:.:

\I

..

-+~

52

~

1.

...

Undivided Main Street

January 2015

.:.

... rt::

l

,

·fi i - -

...

ODJ

51

S2

l-

Divided Main Street

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

STOP sign 301 should be located on the right side of the intersecting side street between 3 and 15 meters in advance of the near side edge of the crossroad; (see Figure 3.2). A second STOP sign 301 shall be similarly located on the left side of the roadway when the side street is a one-way street with two or more lanes, and a central island or median exists. A STOP sign 301 shall not be used at a junction having a traffic signal or a GIVE WAY sign 302 controlling another approach.

FIGURE 3-2: LONGITUDINAL POSITION OF STOP SIGN 301 AND GIVE WAY SIGN 302

3000

..·

...·

300Minimum 600 Preferred

__

15000 Maximum

s :gn 301/302 (See Nole 2) Acceptable Sign Placement Area Envelope (See Note 1)

3000 Maximum

NOTES: 1. The preferred s"gn local on is a point behind the curb Fne, within the acceptable sign placement envelope, closest lo the stop line unless another position within the envelope gives better visibility of the sign for approaching traffic. 2. S1gn orientaron should be at right angles to the center l:ne unless a right turn only ·s permitted in which case a radial orientation will be required. 3. Dimensions are shown in millimeters. 4. 3000 min"mum dimension may be increased to 5000 when a conflict with a Community Street Name sign 517 would occur.

STOP-SCHOOL BUS Sign 301.1

-·~ SIGN 301 .1

Page 3-6

Sign 301.1 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall come to a full and complete stop behind (and in front on a two way single carriage way road) the School Bus displaying STOP-SCHOOL BUS sign 301.1 and that the driver shall not proceed until sign 301.1 is deactivated and it is safe to do so. STOP-SCHOOL BUS sign 301 .1 shall be doublesided and shall be permanently mounted on the front left side of the school bus. When in use sign 301.1 shall be locked at 90° to the side of the bus and shall display flashing red disc lights at the top and bottom of the sign to both front and rear. When not in use the sign shall rest parallel to the side of the bus.

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Chapter 3- Regulatory Signs

STOP-SCHOLAR PATROL Sign 301.2 Sign 301.2 requires that a driver of a vehicle shall come to a full and complete stop when the sign is displayed by a temporary scholar patrol traffic warden. Drivers shall not proceed until sign 301.2 is no longer displayed and it is safe to do so. STOP-SCHOLAR PATROL sign 301.2 comprises a double sided sign, paddle mounted on a short pole which is designed to be hand held by the warden.

• '

1

•

SIGN 301 .2

3.2.2 GIVE WAY sign 302 Sign 302 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall yield right-of-way at GIVE WAY pavement marking 602 to all traffic on the roadway intersecting the roadway on which he is traveling, where such traffic is so close as to constitute a danger, or potential danger. The driver shall also give way to pedestrian and bicycle traffic crossing his path at that point. GIVE WAY sign 302 is recommended for use to establish priority of right-of-way as follows:

v SIGN 302

•

On approach roadways to roundabouts; AND

•

On the minor approach to other junctions when all of the following conditions exist; The total minor road approach traffic volume using the junction in 24 hours exceeds 200 vehicles (may be left uncontrolled if only this condition is not met); The minor approach intersects the major roadway at 901), plus or minus 20°; The sight distance available is equal to or greater than the values given in Table 3-1 ; The curbs or junction edge alignment permits right turning vehicles to negotiate the junction safely at speeds in excess of 20 km/h.

STOP sign 301 should be used if any of the above conditions are not met. GIVE WAY sign 302 shall not be used at a pedestrian crossing or a cyclist crossing. At these locations the relevant sign 303 or sign 309 shall be used. In cases where a combined but separately marked pedestrian and cyclist crossing exists, a sign 303 shall be used and the qualification plate for the cyclist as used in sign 309 may be added underneath the pedestrian qualification plate. GIVE WAY sign 302 should be located on the right side of the intersecting side street between 3 and 15 meters in advance of the near side edge of the crossroad; (see Figure 3-2). A second GIVE WAY sign 302 should be similarly located on the left side of the roadway when the street is a one way street with two or more lanes and a central island or median. A GIVE WAY sign shall not be used at a junction having a STOP sign controlling another approach. A GIVE WAY sign shall not be used to control free-flow merging situations at expressway or freeway on-ramps or at right turning roadways at at-grade junctions when these are provided with appropriately designed full acceleration lanes.

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3.2.3 GIVE WAY TO PEDESTRIANS sign 303 Sign 303 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall yield right-of-way to pedestrians crossing the roadway or waiting to cross the roadway. Sign 303 shall be used in conjunction with PEDESTRIAN CROSSING pavement marking 603 and GIVE WAY pavement marking 602. GIVE WAY TO PEDESTRIANS sign 303 should be used in advance of all marked pedestrian crossings which are not otherwise controlled by STOP sign 301, GIVE WAY sign 302 or traffic signals. SIGN 303

GIVE WAY TO PEDESTRIANS sign 303 should be located on the right side of the roadway 3 meters in advance of GIVE WAY pavement marking 602. GIVE WAY pavement marking 602 should be at least 3 meters and preferably 6 meters in advance of PEDESTRIAN CROSSING pavement marking 603. A second GIVE WAY TO PEDESTRIANS sign 303 should be provided on the left side of the roadway when a median island or other central island is provided in advance of the pedestrian crossing .

3.2.4 NO ENTRY sign 304 Sign 304 indicates to drivers of vehicles that entry is prohibited to all vehicular traffic. NO ENTRY sign 304 should be used to prohibit "wrong way" entry to a roadway when confusion may exist as to the direction of travel of traffic in the roadway. (See subsection 3.2.5 - ONE WAY signs 305, 306 and 307.) SIGN 304

NO ENTRY sign 304 should be located on the right and left sides of a one way roadway. NO ENTRY sign 304 should be oriented at 90° to the direction of "wrong way" travel, but may be angled to improve visibility towards drivers doing an illegal entry into an intersection.

NO ENTRY sign 304 shall not be qualified in a manner that would allow certain categories of users to violate the primary message of the NO ENTRY sign 304. For example, a sign 304 with a qualification plate reading "EXCEPT BUSES" shall not be used.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

3.2.5 ONE WAY signs 305t 306 and 307 Signs 305, 306 and 307 indicate to drivers of vehicles that the only permitted direction of travel, in the road or portion of road on which they are erected, is in the direction indicated by the arrow on the sign. Signs 305, 306 and 307 may be displayed to indicate directions straight ahead, to the right, or to the left. ONE WAY signs 305, 306 and 307 should be used in preference to NO ENTRY sign 304 in networks of intersecting one way streets. ONE WAY signs 306 and 307 should be used to indicate to drivers of vehicles that the direction of travel in streets intersecting the one in which they are traveling is in one particular direction and to inhibit the possibility of "wrong way" entry to such streets. ONE WAY sign 305 may also be used to indicate that a street is a one way street in a straight ahead direction (this practice is intended to make drivers aware that when they return to such a street from a private property or a parking area that they must turn only in one particular direction - it being impractical to indicate the direction of travel at all points of access along a one-way street). When used to indicate the direction of travel in an intersecting street ONE WAY signs 306 and 307 should be located on both sides of the intersecting street so that both signs can be seen clearly by drivers traveling in the through street. When used to indicate the direction of travel within a one way roadway ONE WAY sign 305 should be located on the right side of single lane one way streets and on both sides of one way streets with two or more lanes. If necessary additional signs should be strategically sited with respect to local accesses from properties or parking areas. (See Figure 3-3.) NOTE: In some situations, regulatory signs 304, 321 thru 328, 346 and/or 347 may be used in place of or in addition to ONE WAY signs to delineate a one way road system. Specific approval shall be obtained from the Roads & Transport Authority for one way

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SIGN 305

SIGN 306

SIGN 307

system signing.

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FIGURE 3-3: USE OF ONE WAY SIGNS 305, 306, AND 307 (Refer to section 3.2.5)

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307

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-

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307

·- -

-- -

= J.. -

.

+.... +---·--

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~4

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*

-to2

ACCESS TO PROPERTY OR PARKING

01-i 1,1!___

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306

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

3.2.6 STOP - SLOW sign 7308 A special application of STOP sign 301 at roadworks involves its use to control alternating streams of traffic through a restricted part of the roadworks site by a pair of flagmen. (See Volume 1, Section 7.3.2 for further clarification.)

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SIGN 7308

3.2.7 GIVE WAY TO CYCLISTS sign 309 Sign 309 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall yield right-of-way to cyclists crossing the roadway or waiting to cross the roadway. Sign 309 shall be used in conjunction with CYCLIST CROSSING pavement marking 604 and GIVE WAY pavement marking 602. GIVE WAY TO CYCLISTS sign 309 should be used in advance of all marked cyclist crossings which are not otherwise controlled by STOP sign 301, GIVE WAY sign 302 or traffic signals. GIVE WAY TO CYCLISTS sign 309 should be located on the right side of the roadway 3 SIGN 309 meters in advance of GIVE WAY pavement marking 602. GIVE WAY pavement marking 602 should be at least 3 meters, and preferably 6 meters, in advance of CYCLIST CROSSING pavement marking 604. A second GIVE WAY TO CYCLISTS sign 309 should be provided on the left side of the roadway when a median island or other central island is provided in advance of the cyclist crossing.

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3.3

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

Mandatory Signs

The signs in this group have the function that they are used to indicate to road users what limits or actions shall be complied with, or which are mandatory. The signs can also indicate that it is mandatory for a specific class of vehicle (or "object"), and only this class of vehicle, to proceed where indicated by the sign. These signs generally have a dual instruction, whereby the general or specific group for which the sign is intended shall comply without exception. Mandatory signs also instruct those groups for which the sign is not directly intended, for example Buses Only sign 331 indicates that it is mandatory for buses to use a particular section of roadway AND it prohibits all other modes of traffic from using that section. If a condition occurs where a specific roadway is reserved for the mandatory use by more than one class of vehicle, e.g. Taxi's Only AND Buses Only, then both symbols should be combined in the same mandatory sign roundel. Such a sign shall be designated as sign 333/331, where the sign number shall refer to the primary sign symbols to be used in the combined sign, but might require a larger roundel.

3.3.1 AHEAD ONLY sign 321 Sign 321 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall proceed only straight ahead in the direction indicated by the arrow on the sign.

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AHEAD ONLY sign 321 shall be located on the right side of a two way roadway and on the left side of a one way roadway. The function of the AHEAD ONLY sign 321 differs from that of the ONE WAY sign 305 in that, while the ONE WAY sign may indicate the SIGN 321 mandatory direction in a street at a junction, other directions of travel at the junction may be chosen. AHEAD ONLY sign 321 indicates that drivers have no other choice but to proceed straight ahead. A 600 millimeter sign 321 may be mounted on the post below a traffic signal when appropriate. A typical example for the use of AHEAD ONLY sign 321 would be at a signal controlled cross road intersection with a free right turn and a dedicated left turn lane or lanes separated from the through route by a splitter island. Jn this instance, if the driver is located in one of the through lanes the AHEAD ONLY movement is the only available option and may be signed accordingly.

3.3.2 TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) ONLY signs 322 (or 323) Signs 322 (or 323) require that the driver of a vehicle shall proceed only to the right (or to the left - the arrow direction being reversed) at the junction. TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) ONLY signs 322 (or 323) should be located on the far side of a roadway facing drivers to which they apply. A 600 millimeter sign 322 (or 323) may be mounted on the post below a traffic signal where appropriate.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

3.3.3 TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) AHEAD ONLY signs 324 (or 325) Signs 324 (or 325) require that the driver of a vehicle shall proceed only to the right (or to the left -the arrow direction being reversed) at the junction ahead. TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) AHEAD ONLY signs 324 (or 325) should be located on the right side of a two way roadway and on the left side of a one way roadway at a distance of approximately 50 meters from SIGN 324 SIGN 325 the junction to which they apply. Signs 324 (or 325) should normally only be provided when the alignment of the approach to the junction is such that the layout of the junction is not readily obvious.

3.3.4 PASS EITHER SIDE sign 326 Sign 326 indicates to the driver of a vehicle that he may pass to either side of an obstruction in the roadway, such as a traffic island, and still reach the same destination. PASS EITHER SIDE sign 326 should be located on a traffic island, near the nose of the island, so that there is a minimum clearance of 300 millimeters between the curbs and the sign. The most common application of sign 326 will be at islands created SIGN 326 in a roadway specifically to provide a location for a column supporting an overhead structure, such that by passing on either side of the island drivers will reach the same point on the road. NOTE: The use of PASS EITHER SIDE sign 326 in Dubai has, in the past, been used to indicate that a driver may pass either side of any island or other obstruction, with no requirement that both options would result in a driver reaching a common point in the road. Such installations of sign 326 should be replaced by GORE HAZARD PLATE sign 453.1

3.3.5 KEEP RIGHT (or LEFT) signs 327 (or 328) Signs 327 (or 328) indicate to the driver of a vehicle that he shall pass to the right (or to the left - the arrow direction being reversed) of an obstruction in the roadway. KEEP RIGHT (or LEFT) signs 327 (or 328) should be located as near as possible to the leading edge of the obstruction so that there SIGN 327 SIGN 328 is at least a clearance of 300 millimeters from the closest path of vehicles. Use of signs 327 (or 328) most commonly applies to traffic islands or refuges in two way roadways or at the beginning of a median island when a single two way carriageway widens to become a dual carriageway. If such a condition occurs on a vertical curve it may be effective to mount two type 327 (or 328) signs one above the other. This treatment is common in temporary roadworks signing situations where signs 7327 or 7328 may be mounted in vertical pairs.

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3.3.6 ROUNDABOUT sign 329 Sign 329 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall proceed only in a counterclockwise direction at the roundabout ahead. ROUNDABOUT sign 329 should be located below GIVE WAY sign 302 in advance of the entry to a roundabout when, on the approach concerned, it may not be obvious that the junction ahead is a roundabout. In such circumstances sign 329 may be used in addition to advance warning ROUNDABOUT AHEAD sign 420. Sign 420 should be located as indicated in Chapter 4.

SIGN 329

Should mini roundabouts be instituted in Dubai, sign 329 shall be used to direct motorists to operate within the junction in a manner consistent with driving rules for a roundabout.

3.3. 7 MINIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign 330 Sign 330 requires that drivers of vehicles shall not travel at a speed that is lower than the minimum speed limit indicated in kilometers per hour by means of a number on such a sign. MINIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign 330 shall, when used, indicate a minimum speed limit which is typically 30 kilometers per hour lower than the posted maximum speed. For example, a maximum speed limit of 100 kilometers per hour would require a minimum speed limit of 70 kilometers per hour. Sign 330 shall only be used if so directed by the Roads & Transport Authority.

SIGN 330

MINIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign 330 shall only be used on Emirates Routes or E-Routes, and be applied on a lane specific basis. The sign shall not be used when the maximum speed limit is less than 100 kilometers per hour. Placement shall be as follows:

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Mounted on a guide sign gantry centrally above the lane to which the minimum speed limit applies, or

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Incorporated on an appropriate diagrammatic warning sign. This sign shall be placed, as described in Chapter 2, on both the right hand side of the carriageway and on the left hand side of the carriageway within the center median, as such signing would typically apply to traffic travelling in the left hand lanes.

On approval by Roads & Transport Authority the sign may be applied on the total roadway and should then be displayed on the same post and underneath a maximum speed limit sign 344.

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3.3.8 BUSES ONLY sign 331 Sign 331 indicates that the road or portion of road ahead is set aside for buses only and imposes a mandatory requirement that drivers of buses shall only use such road or such portion of road. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by sign 331.

SIGN 331

• • •

BUSES ONLY sign 331 should be displayed on the right side of a road or portion of road which has been specifically allocated for bus use only, as part of a public transport system. If the section of road is one way a second sign 331 may be provided on the left side of the road. The portion of road concerned could be a "bus lane" allocated to this form of transport. Bus lanes can be allocated in a number of ways such as: A with-flow right side (curb side) lane; A with-flow left side lane adjacent to a median and usually reserved for higher speed routes and non-stopping buses (in this type of operation sign 331 should be mounted on the left or median side of the lane); A contra-flow lane.

The operational characteristics of the service have an influence on how such lanes may be signed. If buses enter such a lane and travel some distance to the end of the lane with a restriction on them leaving the lane, then BUSES ONLY sign 331 is appropriate for these conditions. Such lanes should also be marked on the pavement appropriately. Under the circumstances mentioned the traffic side of the lane should be marked by a CHANNELIZING LINE marking 612, and an EXCLUSIVE USE LANE SYMBOL marking 623 or a TEXT SYMBOL marking 695 should be marked periodically along the length of the lane. If the bus lane is intersected by side roads, marking 612 should be discontinued through the intersection and sign 331 should be repeated on the downstream side of the intersection. If a situation occurs where a section of the roadway is reserved for buses only, but no requirement is set that all buses should use such a section, then it is necessary to use a bus lane reservation sign 394. For further options regarding the regulatory signing of bus lanes refer to section 3.5.11. BUSES ONLY sign 331 may also be used to indicate point of entry to a bus facility such as a terminus or station, which is exclusive to buses and which is located either within a road or takes access from the road. If it becomes necessary to prevent buses from more than one operator entering such a facility, this can be achieved by adding a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 below sign 331 , indicating the name of the exclusive service or operator.

3.3.9 TRAMS ONLY sign 332 Sign 332 indicates that the road or portion of road ahead is set aside for trams only. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by sign 332.

SIGN 332

Page 3-16

TRAMS ONLY sign 332 should be displayed on the side of a road or portion of road which has been specifically allocated for tram use only as part of a public transport system, which best suits its visibility by other approaching traffic.

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3.3.10 TAXIS ONLY sign 333 Sign 333 indicates that the road or portion of road ahead is set aside for taxis only and imposes a mandatory requirement that drivers of taxis shall only use such road or such portion of road. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by sign 333.

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TAXIS ONLY sign 333 should be displayed on the right side of a road or portion of road SIGN 333 which has been specifically allocated for taxi use only, as part of a public transport system. If the section of road is one way a second sign 333 may be provided on the left side of the road. TAXIS ONLY sign 333 may also be used to indicate point of entry to a taxi facility such as a terminus or station, which is exclusive to taxis and which is located either within a road or takes access from the road. If it becomes necessary to prevent taxis from more than one operator entering such a facility, this can be achieved by adding a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 below sign 333, indicating the name of the exclusive service or operator.

3.3.11 GOODS VEHICLES ONLY signs 334.1and334.2 Sign 334.1 indicates that the road or portion of road ahead is set aside for goods vehicles only and imposes a mandatory requirement that drivers of goods vehicles shall only use such road or such portion of road. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by sign 334.1. GOODS VEHICLES ONLY sign 334.1 should be displayed on the side of a road or portion of road which has been specifically allocated for goods vehicles only as part of a traffic management scheme; for example at a major freight facility such as a market, port, airport or border crossing. GOODS VEHICLES ONLY sign 334.1 may also be used to indicate point of entry to a goods facility which takes access from the road.

SIGN 334.1

A goods vehicle is considered to be any freight or construction vehicle with a "gross vehicle mass" of 2.5 tons or more. The ugross vehicle mass" is the maximum mass, including toad, for which the goods vehicle is "rated", and is applicable whether the vehicle is loaded or not. If a signing situation for traffic management purposes requires SIGN 334.2 a goods vehicle gross vehicle mass rating of a value higher than 2.5 tons i.e. 10 tons, this can be indicated by means of a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 below sign 334.1. The sign 365 effectively over-rides the base condition of sign 334.1 and applies a new gross vehicle mass. Figure 3-5 gives typical examples of the use of QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365. In areas where no concern exists for the visibility thereof or where space is restricted, Goods Vehicle sign 334.2 may be used to display the relevant gross vehicle mass.

3.3.12 SWITCH HEAD LAMPS ON sign 335 Sign 335 imposes a mandatory requirement that drivers of vehicles shall switch on such vehicle's head tamps to emit a dipped beam. SWITCH HEAD LAMPS ON sign 335 should only be displayed in special circumstances where it is necessary to make the presence of the vehicle more evident to on-coming vehicles on two-way roads. When such circumstances may include the passing through a tunnel it is recommended that sign 335 be displayed in combination with TUNNEL warning sign 436. The signs should be located in accordance with the provisions of Table 4-1.

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Chapter 3- Regulatory Signs

3.3.13 CARS ONLY sign 336 Sign 336 indicates that the road or portion of road ahead is set aside for motor cars only and imposes a mandatory requirement that drivers of motor cars shall only use such road or such portion of road. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by sign 336. SIGN 336

CARS ONLY sign 336 should be displayed on the side of a road or portion of road which has been specifically allocated for car use only as part of a traffic management scheme where vehicle segregation by class is deemed necessary such as a port, airport or

border crossing.

3.3.14 PEDESTRIANS ONLY sign 338

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Sign 338 indicates that the road or portion of road right-of-way ahead is set aside for pedestrians only and imposes a mandatory requirement that pedestrians shall only use such road or such portion of road right-of-way. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road right-of-way indicated by sign 338.

SIGN 338

PEDESTRIANS ONLY sign 338 should be displayed at the beginning of a path, route, or sikka, which has been specifically provided for pedestrians only. It is, however, not required that the normal sidewalk provided for pedestrian movement in urban shopping, business and residential areas be so signed, unless there is a specific control problem which requires such a sign. (See sections 3.3.16 and 3.3.17 for details of shared pedestrian and cyclist facilities.) Subject to the geometry at the commencement of the pedestrian only facility it may be necessary to provide a NO PEDESTRIANS sign 352 at what might appear to be an alternative option for pedestrians.

3.3.15 CYCLISTS ONLY sign 339

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Sign 339 indicates that the road or a portion of road ahead is set aside for cyclists only and imposes a mandatory requirement that cyclists shall only use such road or portion of road. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by sign 339.

CYCLISTS ONLY sign 339 should be displayed at the beginning of a path or route, which has been specifically provided for cyclists only and which is separate from the road carriageway. (See section 3.3.18 for details of CYCLISTS LANE ONLY signs 342.1, 342.2 and 342.3 which apply to cycle lanes provided within the road carriageway.) SIGN 339

Subject to the geometry at the commencement of the pedestrian only facility it may be necessary to provide a NO CYCLISTS sign 353 at what might appear to be an alternative option for cyclists.

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3.3.16 PEDESTRIANS and CYCLISTS ONLY signs 340.1 and 340.2 Signs 340.1 and 340.2 indicate that the road or a portion of road ahead is set aside for shared or "integrated" use by pedestrians and cyclists only. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by signs 340.1 and 340.2.

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PEDESTRIANS and CYCLISTS ONLY signs 340.1 and 340.2 should be displayed at the beginning of a path, or route, which has been specifically provided for shared use by pedestrians and cyclists only and which is outside the road carriageway. Pedestrians and cyclists shall use the same path which will have been designed with an appropriate width for the shared use and the expected volumes of pedestrians and cyclists. The path or route may be divided longitudinally by a LANE LINE marking 654. When such a marking is used it is recommended that pedestrian and cyclist pavement markings be applied in the appropriate positions on the path. Signs 340.1 and 340.2 are mirrored to cater for each end of such a path. If the path or route covers some distance and may be joined at intermediate positions signs 340.1 and 340.2 should be provided at such positions.

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SIGN 340.1

SIGN 340.2

(See section 3.3.18 for details of CYCLISTS LANE ONLY signs 342.1 , 342.2 and 342.3 which apply to cycle lanes provided within the road carriageway.)

3.3.17 PEDESTRIANS and CYCLISTS ONLY - SEGREGATED signs 341.1 and 341.2 Signs 341.1 and 341.2 indicate that the road or portion of road ahead is set aside for shared use on "segregated" basis by pedestrians and cyclists only. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the road or portion of road indicated by signs 341.1 and 341.2. 1

PEDESTRIANS and CYCLISTS ONLY - SEGREGATED signs 341.1 and 341.2 should be displayed at the beginning of a path, or route, which has been specifically provided for shared use by pedestrians and cyclists only, but which essentially comprises two physically separated parallel paths, and which is outside the road carriageway. Pedestrians and cyclists shall use the separate paths which will have been designed with appropriate widths for the expected volumes of pedestrians and cyclists. Signs 341.1 and 341.2 are mirrored to cater for each end of such a path. If the paths or route covers some distance and may be joined at intermediate positions signs 341.1 and 341.2 should be provided at such positions.

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G.t SIGN 341 .1

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SIGN 341 .2

(See section 3.3.18 for details of CYCLE LANE ONLY signs 342.1 , 342.2 and 342.3 which apply to cycle lanes provided within the road carriageway.)

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3.3.18 CYCLE LANE ONLY signs 342.1, 342.2 and 342.3

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SIGN 342.1

SIGN 342.2

SIGN 342.3

Signs 342.1, 342.2 and 342.3 indicate that a portion of the road ahead is set aside for cycles only and imposes a mandatory requirement that cyclists shall only use such a portion of road. This also has the effect that no other class of road user shall use the portion of road indicated by signs 342.1, 342.2 and 342.3. CYCLE LANE ONLY signs 342.1, 342.2 and 342.3 should be displayed on the right side of a portion of road which has been specifically allocated for cycle use only. Sign 342.1 shall be used at the commencement of a cycle lane, sign 342.2 may be spaced at regular intervals along the lane (250 meter to 500 meter spacing), and sign 342.3 shall be used to indicate the end of the lane. The operational characteristics of the lane have an influence on how the lanes may be signed. If cyclists enter such a lane and travel some distance to the end of the lane with a restriction on them leaving the lane, then CYCLE LANE ONLY signs 342.1, 342.2 and 342.3 are appropriate for these conditions. Such lanes should also be marked on the pavement appropriately. Under the circumstances mentioned the traffic side of the lane should be marked by a CHANNELIZING LINE marking 612, and an EXCLUSIVE USE LANE SYMBOL marking 623 should be marked periodically along the length of the lane. If the cycle lane is intersected by side roads, marking 612 should be discontinued through the intersection and sign 339 should be repeated on the downstream side of the intersection. For further options regarding the regulatory signing of cycle lanes refer to section 3.5.13.

3.3.19 PAY TOLL - SALIK signs 343 and 343.1

SIGN 343

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Sign 343 indicates that use of the road ahead is subject to a toll charge and imposes a mandatory requirement that drivers of vehicles shall pay the designated toll fee, as determined from time to time. Sign 343 also indicates that if the driver is a first time user of SAUK electronically debited toll routes he shall acquire an electronic SAUK "tag" and place it on his vehicle in the prescribed manner, thereby activating an electronic debit account for the payment of SAUK toll charges. It is the driver's further responsibility to ensure that this account is maintained with a positive balance.

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PAY TOLL - SAUK sign 343 shall be displayed as an incorporated symbol on overhead or ground mounted direction signs at points immediately prior to the point beyond which drivers will become liable to pay a SAUK toll charge. These displays of sign 343 are considered "points of commitment" to toll and shall be provided on direction signs on all sections of roadway, including the expressway or freeway main line and all on-ramps at intersecting cross roads from which access leads directly to a toll gate. At this stage the physical position of the electronic toll gate may still be some kilometers away, but there is no intermediate exit from the toll route before the toll gate will be reached.

6. Okm

slGN"343.1

pay

In addition to sign 343, PAY TOLL - SAUK sign 343.1 will be incorporated into one or more advance direction signs on the section of the main line expressway or freeway prior to the last exit from the main line before the toll gate. Sign 343.1 will indicate the distance from the point of display to the toll gate in kilometers to the nearest 100 meters i.e. 6.0 km. This indication will be displayed on an ON-GOING DIRECTION sign 553 which may be adjacent to an ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551. Sign 551 will include a distance display relating to the next exit. This distance will be in the range from 500 meters to 1200 meters and will give drivers the opportunity to leave the expressway or freeway if they wish to avoid paying the SAUK toll charge. If a tollgate is located on a D-route then the pay toll Salik sign 343 and 343.1 sign should be displayed on the straight ahead panel of Advance Horizontal Stack Direction sign 511. PAY TOLL- SAUK sign 343.1 shall only be displayed on E-routes if the distance to the toll gate is 10 km or less and on D-routes leading directly towards a toll gate if the distance is 5km or less.

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3.4

Chapter 3- Regulatory Signs

Prohibitory Signs

The signs in this group have the function to indicate to road users, actions which they shall not take, or which are prohibited. Prohibitions may apply in the form of limits, or to certain actions or objects. Maximum limits such as speed or height limits are indicated in circular signs without a diagonal slash. Prohibitions on actions or objects are indicated in circular signs which include a diagonal slash, or, in the case of NO STOPPING sign 370, a double slash or cross. The end of a restricted area may be identified with a sign providing a positive indication of what the revised restriction further downstream would be.

3.4.1 MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT signs 344 and 345 Signs 344 and 345 require that drivers of vehicles shall not exceed the maximum speed limit indicated in kilometers per hour by means of a number on such a sign. Dubai Rules of the Road stipulate that unless otherwise posted, the following speed limits shall be in effect:

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Parking Area or Service Road - 25km/h;

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Local StreeUUrban Single Carriageway -40km/h;

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Collector/Secondary Arterial/Urban Dual Carriageway - 60 km/h;

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Primary Arterial/ Urban Dual Carriageway- 60km/h;

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Expressways and Freeways - 100 km/h;

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Rural Roads - 1OOkm/h .

Therefore MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT signs 344 and 345 should be provided after the point of access. (See Table 3-2.) when the maximum speed limit required is either higher or lower than expected, or:

SIGN 344-80

SIGN 345-120-80

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There is a change in speed limit along a specific route;

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There is a reduction in speed limit between intersecting roadways of like types;

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The road environment cannot be easily identified by drivers as one of those covered by the Rules of the Road;

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The distances between postings exceed those indicated in Table 3-2.

When ordering sign 344 from a manufacturer, the sign number shall be quoted in the form "344-80", to stipulate the speed limit number to be included on the sign face. DUAL MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign 345 shall be quoted for manufacture in a similar manner, namely "345-120-80". The speed displayed on MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT signs will most commonly have values as stated in the Rules of the Road since their display will have been warranted in terms of the conditions given above. However, the speed limits specified in the Rules of the Road may be altered from time to time and the required sign may be ordered in the manner described above, as, for example "344-70'', "344-90" or "344-110" referring to speed limits such as 70, 90 or 110 km/h respectively. DUAL SPEED LIMIT sign 345 is provided for use on E-Routes only where there is a high proportion of heavy goods vehicle traffic. This sign displays one maximum speed limit for passenger cars, and a different maximum speed limit for heavy goods vehicles. This sign will only be used on multiple lane carriageways where the heavy goods vehicle traffic is restricted to one or two lanes.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

The following guidelines and comments should be considered as being applicable to general or average conditions. Specific circumstances may warrant a variation in application when the principles involved should be applied with engineering judgment.

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When the provision of a MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign is warranted signs should be located as indicated in Table 3-2 below.

TABLE 3-2: GUIDELINES FOR SPEED LIMIT SIGN LOCATION Situation In Which Sign Is To Be Provided

Sign Location After Point Of Access

Warrants For Additional Signs 11H4 J

Parking Area or Service Road

Within 1Ometers

N/A

Urban Single Carriageway

Within 50 meters

N/A

Urban Dual Carriageway

Within 50 meters

Above 60km/h (2) - 4km between postings 60km/h (2) (3) - 2km between postings Below 60km/h (2) (3) - 1km between postings

Rural Roads

Within 100 meters

100km/h (2) (3) - 1Okm between postings 80km/h (2) (3) - 4 km between postings

Expressway ramps

Within 50 meters

If ramp acts as extended frontage road with multiple accesses at access points.

NOTES: Additional signs should be provided at the rate of one extra sign approximately in the middle of the length of section between 'postings' as given in the table. A 'posting' represents the initial provision of a maximum speed limit sign in terms of the criteria given above and as illustrated in Figure ~. 2. Refers to maximum speed limit posted on a road. 3. On multiple lane carriageways, speed limit signs must be placed not only on the right hand edge, but also on the left hand road edge in the central median. 4. MINIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign 330 may be required in some places, but only as directed by the Roads & Transport Authority. For details of appl'cation see section 3.3.7. 1.

A MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign should also be provided when a change in maximum speed limit occurs along a route. It is not uncommon that a decrease in maximum speed limit may be as much as 40 km/h, e.g. from 100 km/h down to 60 km/h. In such a situation an appropriate MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT sign should be provided for each 20 km/h decrease in speed limit so that the maximum decrease in speed limit posted at any one time is 20 km/h. The minimum distance between successively decreasing speed limit signs should be 500 meters. Where a reduction of more than 20km/h is required or where the distances between successive speed limit signs are less than the recommended, a SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE Sign 589 reading "REDUCE SPEED" may be added to the intermediate speed limit sign. It is not necessary to post maximum speed limits on major roads after minor joining access roads, except in the unlikely event that with roads of equal status the one being entered has a lower maximum speed limit than covered by the Rules of the Road. Sign sizes and placement shall be as detailed in Chapter 2. However the designer must bear in mind that when the sign represents a speed reduction, the sign shall be sized in accordance with the maximum permitted speed of approach.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

FIGURE 3-4: USE OF MAXIMUM SPEED LIMIT SIGNS 344 AND 345

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Posted Speed by Design --

January 2015

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100km/h 80kmlh 60km/h 40km/h

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DTCDM -

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

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Edition

3.4.2 NO LEFT (or RIGHT) TURN signs 346 (or 347) Signs 346 (or 347) indicate to drivers of vehicles that they shall not turn to the left (or right), as the case may be, at the junction or entrance where the signs are displayed.

SIGN 346

®

NO LEFT (or RIGHT) TURN signs 346 (or 347) should be located on the side of the roadway towards which the illegal turn would be made, not more than 25 meters in advance of the point where the prohibition applies.

SIGN 347

Signs 346 (or 347) should only be used in situations where the left (or right) turn would, under normal circumstances, be expected by drivers to be available. Their use is generally not necessary when roadway geometry clearly indicates that turns are not intended at the location under consideration. A 600 millimeter sign 346 (or 347) may be mounted on the post below a traffic signal where appropriate.

3.4.3 NO U-TURN sign 348

®

Sign 348 indicates to drivers of vehicles that they shall not perform a U-turn at the junction or break in the median island ahead. The sign may be reversed if a restriction on a U-turn to the right exists. NO U-TURN sign 348 should be located not more than 25 meters in advance of the point to which the prohibition applies. The sign may be repeated at the point of prohibition.

SIGN 348

Sign 348 may be required when the parallel carriageway is too narrow to accept safe U-turns or when such a movement cannot safely be accommodated due to limitations in traffic signal timings or where there is a conflict with pedestrian movements. NO U-TURN sign 348 may be made specific to a time of day or class of vehicle by means of a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 mounted below the sign. A 600 millimeter sign 348 may be mounted on the post below a traffic signal where appropriate. Figure 3-5 gives typical examples of the use of QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365. Sign 348.1 provides an exception to the rule of using qualification plate sign 365. When the intended restriction is NO U-TURN for heavy vehicles, a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 displaying a pictogram of a goods vehicle with a red diagonal bar shall be displayed with a U-TURNAHEAD sign 419 in a fixed combination, numbered sign 348.1 SIGN 348.1

3.4.4 NO OVERTAKING signs 349.1 AND 349.2

~ ~ ~ ~

Sign 349.1 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall not overtake another vehicle traveling in the same direction within the next 500 meters.

NO OVERTAKING sign 349.1 may be used in addition to NO PASSING SIGN LINE pavement marking 611 when this is likely to be ineffective due to . SIGN 349.1 349 2 adverse conditions or other factors. Sign 349.1 should be located on the right side of the road. If the overtaking message is required for a distance in excess of 500 meters the sign should be repeated at 500 meter intervals. NO OVERTAKING sign 349.1 shall not be displayed on sections of carriageway with two or more lanes, even if the normal number of lanes has been reduced due to temporary roadworks.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

Sign 349.2 requires that the driver of a goods vehicle shall not overtake another goods vehicle traveling in the same direction within the next 500 meters. NO OVERTAKING by GOODS VEHICLES sign 349.2 is intended to be used where operational requirements would restrict goods vehicles to overtake at a reduced passing speed. If such a condition exists for an extended length a QUALIFICATION PLATE 365.2 may be added to sign 349.2 indicating the distance for which the restriction applies, subject to such a distance not be longer than 5 km at a time.

3.4.5 NO HAZARDOUS GOODS sign 350 Sign 350 requires that the driver of a vehicle transporting hazardous goods including, but not limited to explosives; inflammable goods, gases and liquids; toxic gases and substances; infectious substances; radio-active material; fissile material; corrosive and oxidizing substances or organic peroxides, shall not proceed beyond the sign. NO HAZARDOUS GOODS sign 350 may be used in advance of any portion of roadway or area, such as a tunnel, where transported hazardous goods represent a particular SIGN 350 hazard. The sign should be located on the right of the roadway at the point from which the prohibition is required to apply. This position should permit vehicles carrying hazardous goods to take an alternative route. In practice it is likely that other prohibitions may apply at such places. Such prohibitory signs may be displayed on a high visibility backing board. Typical examples of such high visibility combination signs are illustrated in section 3.7. It is recommended that a similar combined sign be displayed in advance of the exit or turn onto the alternative route with an appropriate explanatory SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589 showing a text message such as "Alternative Route 150 m".

3.4.6 NO GOODS VEHICLES sign 351 .1AND351.2 Sign 351 .1 and 352.8 requires that drivers of goods vehicles shall not proceed beyond the sign. NO GOODS VEHICLES sign 351 should be located on the right side of the roadway at the point from which the prohibition is applicable. This point should be chosen where an alternative route is available to drivers of goods vehicles. A goods vehicle is considered to be any freight or construction vehicle with a "gross vehicle mass" of 2.5 tons or more. The "gross vehicle mass" is the maximum mass, including load, for which the goods vehicle is "rated", and is applicable whether the vehicle is loaded or not. Sign 351 .1 may also be displayed on an overhead gantry sign like an ONGOING DIRECTION sign to indicate that the restriction is applicable to one or more lanes.

SIGN 351 .1

If a signing situation for traffic management purposes requires that NO GOODS VEHICLES sign 351 may be made specific to a particular time of day rather than for SIGN 351 .2 the full 24-hours, a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365, indicating the applicable time period or periods, may be mounted below the sign. Similarly a goods vehicle gross vehicle mass rating of a value higher than 2.5 tons i.e. 10 tons, this can be indicated by means of a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 below sign 351 which displays the mass limit in the form "10 t" where the unit "t" refers to a metric ton. The Qualification Plate 365 effectively over-rides the base condition of sign 351 and applies a new gross vehicle mass. Figure 3-5 gives typical examples of the use of QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365. In areas where no concern exists for the legibility thereof or where space is restricted NO GOODS VEHICLES sign 351.2 may be used displaying the relevant Gross Vehicle Mass.

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3.4.7 NO PEDESTRIANS sign 352

® SIGN 352

Sign 352 requires that pedestrians do not proceed beyond the sign. NO PEDESTRIANS sign 352 may be displayed in any position where it is required to prohibit pedestrian movement or access, normally across a roadway. Such places may include specific parts of a roadway or junction which pedestrians otherwise might expect to be able to use, but which are considered unsafe due to the traffic management arrangements of the road or junction. Sign 352 may be used with a size of 300 millimeters when specifically directed at pedestrians and where no need for drivers of vehicles exists to see such sign, unless a larger size is warranted for conspicuity.

3.4.8 NO CYCLISTS sign 353 Sign 353 requires that cyclists, riding a non-motorized cycle, not proceed beyond the sign.

SIGN 353

NO CYCLISTS sign 353 may be displayed in any position where it is required to prohibit cyclist movement or access. If pedestrian movement or access is not otherwise prohibited, cyclists may proceed provided they dismount and walk their bicycles. Sign 353 may be used with a size of 300 millimeters unless a larger size is warranted for conspicuity.

3.4.9 NO HORNS sign 354 Sign 354 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall not sound the horn or other sounding device of his vehicle within 75 meters of the sign.

SIGN 354

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NO HORNS sign 354 may be used in the vicinity of hospitals or other places where it is considered necessary to limit traffic noise. Sign 354 should be located on the right side of the roadway at the point where the prohibition is required to apply. Additional signs may be placed at 150 meter intervals if the prohibition is required over some distance.

Volume 1

January 2015

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DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

3.4.10 MAXIMUM DIMENSION LIMIT signs 355.1, 355.2 and 355.3 Signs 355.1, 355.2 requires that drivers of vehicles in excess of the indicated dimension shall not proceed beyond the sign . MAXIMUM HEIGHT LIMIT sign 355.1 should be located 25 meters to 50 meters in advance of any limited height structure which has a minimum clearance of less than 4 .5 meters, preferably on both the right and left sides of the approach roadway. The height indicated within the sign should be at least 100 millimeters less than the actual minimum clearance measured under the structure. The height should be expressed on the sign to the next lowest one decimal place of a meter.

•

The maximum legal height for a vehicle in Dubai is 4 .5 meters. Vehicles in excess of this height restriction, wishing to use the roadway network, must first obtain a permit from Roads & Transport Authority and use only such parts of the network which may be stipulated in the permit.

SIGN 355.1

SIGN 355.2

Sign 355.1 must not be used as an advance warning sign. The sign should always be preceded by an advance warning MAXIMUM HEADROOM sign 425. (See Chapter 4.) When ordering sign 355.1 from a manufacturer, the sign number shall be quoted in the form "355.1-4.2", to stipulate the height limit number to be included on the sign face. Sign 355.1-4.5 should be located on both sides of the road at all Emirates Route border crossings into Dubai Emirate frequented by goods vehicles; and on all exit roads from cargo handling airports and seaports.

SIGN 355.3

MAXIMUM WIDTH LIMIT sign 355.2 and MAXIMUM LENGTH sign 355.3 should be used whenever restrictive road or vehicle handling conditions at facilities intended for goods vehicles exist. Signs 355.2 and 355.3 should be used in a similar manner as indicated above for sign 355.1, when appropriate.

3.4.11 NO BUSES sign 357 Sign 357 requires that drivers of buses shall not proceed beyond the sign. NO BUSES sign 357 may be displayed in any position where it is required to prohibit bus movement or access. Such places may include specific areas where the road geometry is such that buses will have difficulty negotiating the roads, or areas which are set aside for parking of other specific classes of vehicle. Relatively complex traffic management schemes often have to be resorted to around transport terminals or modal interchanges. The use of sign 357 may be necessary in order to achieve the required separation of traffic by vehicle class.

SIGN 357

3.4.12 NO TAXIS sign 358 Sign 358 requires that drivers of taxis shall not proceed beyond the sign. NO TAXIS sign 358 may be displayed in any position where it is required to prohibit taxi movement or access. Relatively complex traffic management schemes often have to be resorted to around transport terminals or modal interchanges. The use of sign 357 may be necessary in order to achieve the required separation of traffic by vehicle class. SIGN 358

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

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Edition

3.4.13 AXLE MASS LOAD LIMIT sign 359

®

Sign 359 requires that the driver of a vehicle with an axle massload in excess of the mass indicated in tons by means of a number on the sign shall not proceed beyond such sign. The value indicated in tons is the gross axle massload of the vehicle. The gross axle massload of a vehicle is that portion of the gross vehicle mass which is transferred through to the road surface by a specific axle.

The use of an AXLE MASSLOAD LIMIT sign 359 is likely to be appropriate when a road Is subjected to a large percentage of heavy goods vehicles and these vehicles may also be poorly loaded, so that a significant percentage of the actual axle massloads exceed the design value used for the pavement or various structures such as culverts. Such conditions may result in the rapid deterioration of the road structure. SIGN 359

When ordering sign 359 from a manufactures, the sign number shall be quoted in the form "359-2" to stipulate the axle massload to be included on the sign face .

3.4.14 NO MOTORCYCLES sign 360 Sign 360.1 requires that drivers of motorcycles shall not proceed beyond the sign. Sign 360.2 requires that drivers of motorcycles with an engine capacity equal or smaller than the limit indicated on the sign 360.2 shall not proceed beyond the sign .

SIGN 360.1 NO MOTORCYCLES sign 360.1 and 360.2 may be displayed in any position where it is required to prohibit motorcycle movement or access. Such places may include sections of roadway where bridge expansion joints may be of a kind that might reduce the safety for drivers of motorcycles, for example.

SIGN 360.2

The Roads and Transport Authority may expand the range of motor-driven vehicles by introducing additional signs showing symbols of such additional vehicles.

3.4.15 AUTHORIZED VEHICLES ONLY Sign 361 Sign 361 requires that drivers of vehicles not specifically authorized shall not proceed beyond such sign.

SIGN 361

Sign 361 should be used to indicate that a roadway or access is closed to general traffic and that access may only be granted to a driver that can prove that he has authority from the relevant authority to proceed beyond the sign in order to gain access to the property, site or facility. The sign should be located on the right hand side of the road at such a point where unauthorized vehicles may still turn away from the restricted access.

Sign 361 should not be used to indicate the closure of a section of the road or shoulder if traffic flow is maintained through the rest of the section. This sign would be particularly appropriate to temporary road closures as a result of roadworks where it should be used in the temporary color combination of yellow, red and black and numbered 7361 .

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DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

3.4.16 QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 Sign 365 provides a secondary message that qualifies or restricts the primary message of another regulatory sign. Sign 365 is never used alone and is always mounted directly below the regulatory sign which it qualifies. The background color, border color and message color of sign 365 shall correspond to those of the associated regulatory sign it is mounted with (this also applies to temporary regulatory signs in the 7000 sign series). Ordinarily, regulatory signs apply 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and are relevant to all vehicles passing that sign. QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 is used when the regulatory message is intended to apply to only certain times/days, and for to only certain types or classes of vehicles. Thus, a QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 may contain textual messages or symbols such as, but not limited to, the following:

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• • • •

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SIGN 365.1

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SIGN 365.2

08:00 TO 20:00; 8m; Goods vehicle symbol; 10T.

When it is desired to add to regulatory signs information that does not qualify the message of the signs a SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589 shall be used. A regulatory sign may be qualified by sign 365 AND supplemented by sign 589.

A range of examples of the use of signs 365 and 589 are given in Figure 3-5: Detail 3-5.1 shows a prohibitory sign 351, qualified in terms of the time for which it is applicable by sign 365; Detail 3-5.2 indicates a situation where only buses shall travel to the right of sign 327-365; Detail 3-5.3 gives a temporary prohibitory example similar to Detail 3-5.1 but applied to a restriction on pedestrians in a construction work zone; Detail 3-5.4 shows how a goods vehicle can be prohibited from making a U-Turn which other classes of vehicle are permitted to make. Sign 348-365-589 can be used in advance to avoid a goods vehicle entering the U-turn lane; Detail 3-5.5 shows how a restriction on U-Turns could be indicated for certain times of the day; Detail 3-5.6 gives an example of a sign often required at roadworks sites (instead of NO ENTRY EXCEPT CONSTRUCTION VEHICLES). Sign 7337-7589 shows how this message can be given in advance of an access into the work zone; Detail 3.5-7 gives another example of signs which give positive and vehicle class specific message which it is recommended should replace signs such as NO ENTRY EXCEPT BUSES. Detail 3-5.8 shows how a maximum speed can be set for a specific class of vehicle.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

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Edition

FIGURE 3-5: EXAMPLES OF THE USE OF QUALIFICATION PLATE SIGN 365

06:00 22:00

22:00 06:00

Detail 3-5.1

Detail 3-5.2

Detail 3-5.3

No Goods Vehicles During Certain Times

Buses Shall Keep Right

Pedestrians Prohibited During Certain Times

09:00 07:00

150m

Detail 3-5.4

Detail 3-5.5

Detail 3-5.6

No U-Turn For Goods Vehicles

No U-Turn During Certain Times

Reserved For Use By Construction Vehicles

331

394

Details 3-5.7 Buses Only Or Reserved For Buses

Max Speed 80km/h for Goods Vehicles

NOTE: It is strongly recommended that signs of the type shown above be manufactured from a single piece of material. If the QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 is removed or falls off, the meaning of the remaining sign is significantly different from the intended meaning. The area of sign around the lower half of the circular portion of the sign should be painted a neutral gray color.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

3.4.17 NO STOPPING signs 370, 371, 372 and 373 Sign 370 requires that the driver of a vehicle shall not stop his vehicle at any time along the section of road beyond such a sign within a distance of 40m from such a sign, subject to compliance with a traffic signal, the direction of a traffic officer or to avoid a collision. The action of NO STOPPING sign 370 shall cease automatically when a driver leaves the roadway on which it is provided unless he comes under the control of another NO STOPPING sign on the roadway which he enters. SIGN 370 The use of NO STOPPING sign 370 is appropriate on high speed roads such as major arterials which have limited points of access. Sign 370 should be located on the right side of such multilane one-way roadways within 150 meters of a point of entry to the roadway and in such a way that the sign is at right angles to the normal direction of travel. NO STOPPING sign 370 should not be used indiscriminately but should be limited to situations where: •

The stopping of vehicles will pose a severe safety or capacity problem;

•

There is a situation whereby a significant number of drivers are stopping their vehicles;

•

Where another form of regulatory sign or pavement marking would not otherwise make stopping illegal.

Thus, the use of sign 370 should generally not be included in new designs, but rather as a retrofit when a particular stopping problem has been identified. QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 should be used to convey regulatory limits with messages such as the following:

•

For 1000 m;

• •

On Bridge;

•

In Through Lanes.

On 079;

Signs 371 , 372 and 373 also require that the driver of a vehicle shall not stop his vehicle at any time along a section of road within 40 meters of such a sign, subject to compliance with a traffic signal, the direction of a traffic officer or to avoid a collision. Signs 371, 372 and 373 shall include an arrow to indicate the direction of application of the restriction from the sign, as illustrated in Figure 3-6. NO STOPPING signs 371 , 372 and 373 should be located on the right and/or left side of the roadway, as appropriate, with the sign face parallel to the curb line or edge of roadway. The maximum distance between signs to give adequate coverage to a full section of non-arterial urban roadway should be 80 meters. \Nhen a stopping prohibition is to be applied to a section of roadway for a distance less than 80 meters two NO STOPPING signs 371 and 373 should be used , one at each end of the section of roadway with the arrows arranged to point towards each other, thereby defining the overall length of the section of road in which stopping is prohibited.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

FIGURE 3-6 : NO STOPPING SIGN VARIANTS

SIGN 371

SIGN 372

SIGN 373

NO STOPPING signs 371, 372 and 373 may be made specific to a particular time of day, rather than the full 24-hours, by indicating within the sign face the applicable time period or time periods. Alternatives, with their specific sign numbers, are illustrated in Figure 3-7. Variations to the sign face layouts may at times be required due to site specific conditions. Such variations will not be permitted unless approval is obtained from the Roads & Transport Authority. FIGURE 3-7: NO STOPPING WITH TIME LIMIT DISPLAYS

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08:00·13:00 16:00·21:00

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SIGN 374

SIGN 375

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It should be noted that the priority of BUS STOP sign 390 exceeds that of NO STOPPING signs 370 to 373 and NO STOPPING LINE marking 609 without the need to provide signs stating "No Stopping EXCEPT Buses". (See section 3.5.4.)

3.4.18 NO PARKING signs 377, 378 and 379

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Signs 377, 378 and 379 require that the driver of a vehicle shall not park his vehicle at any time along a section of road within 40 meters of such a sign. Signs 378 and 379 shall include an arrow to indicate the direction of application of the restriction from the sign.

NO PARKING signs 377, 378 and 379 should be located on the right and/or left side of the roadway, as appropriate, with the sign face parallel to the curb line or edge of roadway. The maximum distance between signs to give adequate coverage to a full section of urban roadway should be 80 meters. SIGN 377

When a parking prohibition is to be applied to a section of roadway for a distance less than 80 meters two NO PARKING signs 378.1 and 378.2 should be used, one at each end of the section of roadway with the arrows arranged to point towards each other, thereby defining the overall length of the section of road in which parking is prohibited. If the restricted distance exceeds BOm an additional sign (Sign 379) should be used in the center of the restricted area indicating that the prohibition extends on both sides of sign 379.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

FIGURE 3-8: NO PARKING SIGN VARIANTS

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SIGN 378.1

SIGN 379

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SIGN 378.2

NO PARKING signs 377, 378 and 379 may be made specific to a particular time of day, rather than the full 24-hours, by indicating within the sign face the applicable time period or time periods. The manner of display should be as illustrated in Figure 3-9. FIGURE 3-9: NO PARKING WITH TIME LIMIT DISPLAYS

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SIGN 380

SIGN 381

SIGN 382

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It should be noted that the priority of BUS STOP sign 390 exceeds that of NO PARKING signs 377 to 379 and NO PARKING LINE marking 610 without the need to provide signs stating "No Parking EXCEPT Buses". (See section 3.5.7.) Authorities may display a tow-away Zone Symbol on a supplementary plate 589 and attach this to sign 377 to emphasize the consequences of Illegal parking. The Towaway zone symbol should only be used with the No Parking Sign 377 if illegal parking would hamper traffic operations or could endanger traffic in case of emergency.

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3.5

Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

Reservation Signs

The signs in this group are commonly used to apply to drivers of one class of vehicle or to one category of road user. The function of the signs is to indicate a regulatory reservation of the use of a roadway, a portion of a roadway (a Jane), or some other road traffic facility (a bus terminus or a parking area), in terms of some limit, action, or object (class of vehicle i.e. bus, or road user i.e. cyclist). In this sense the signs exercise a permissive form of control in that they permit a specific class of vehicle or road user to use a facility, but prohibit use of the facility by any other class of vehicle or road user. Notwithstanding this indication on a regulatory sign of a reservation in favor of a class of vehicle or road user, drivers of vehicles or road users are commonly still not "obliged" to use such a facility. A mandatory sign would be appropriate if it was intended that use of the facility was obligatory. Reservation signs are rectangular in shape with the long axis vertical.

•

The signs in this group cover a wide and varied range of applications. Various symbols are used, sometimes with more than one symbol to a sign, and with a range of colors, namely: •

Parking reservation - a white "P" on a square blue background;

•

Other reservations (i.e. bus lane or cycle lane) - a white "R" on a blue background:

•

Class of vehicle or road user permitted to use reserved facility - black or white;

•

Secondary symbol - black on white background: Pay and display; Pay by mobile phone.

If it is required to provide a sign to reserve a parking area for use by a category of road user or class of vehicle not covered in this section, the principle used for "parking for disabled" or "parking for bicycles· can be used with an appropriate different symbol, subject to obtaining prior approval from the Roads & Transport Authority. Signs which require payment in order to "obtain permission" to use a facility utilize an orange background with black border, symbol and text as appropriate. Reservation signs which indicate a static reservation in favor of public transport operations e.g. BUS STOP sign 390, use a white background with a red border and text, and a black symbol. This use of red indicates a somewhat stronger regulatory force than other signs in the group and these signs do place an obligation on the driver of the vehicle to use the facility provided (bus drivers shall use a bus stop provided for their route, and shall not stop elsewhere unless directed to do so by a traffic signal or road sign, a traffic officer or in order to avoid an accident). Reservation signs which indicate that a lane or road is reserved for public transport operations or high occupancy vehicles (HOV) use a blue background with white border, white symbols and for HOV lanes, black text on a white diamond shaped background. Reservation signs may thus apply to moving vehicles, parked vehicles, or to places where public transport vehicles are permitted to stop and/or wait

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

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Edition

3.5.1 AREA PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING sign 383 Signs relating to payment for public parking utilize the orange and black color code. This color code has been adopted to distinguish signs in this sub-group from other parking control signs in the group and to emphasize to road users that they are in a "pay-for-parking" area. AREA PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING sign 383 indicates to drivers of vehicles the time period during which the PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING requirements apply. Sign 383 shall be positioned in clear view within the PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING area at the edge of a sidewalk and perpendicular to the roadway. AREA PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING sign 383 requires that if drivers wish to make use of available parking they shall pay the prescribed tariff at the designated PAY-ANO-DISPLAY PARKING machine, and shall display the issued ticket/notice received from the machine on the inside of their vehicle windscreen in clear view of the patrolling traffic warden. This requirement is indicated on sign 383 by a black on white symbol depicting this action. Subject to the layout of the parking area signs 383.1 and 383.2 may be used to identify the point or points of entry and exit from the area respectively. PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING signs 383.1 and 383.2 shall be located at the edge of the sidewalk and perpendicular to the roadway.

•

Signs 383, 383.1 and 383.2 should normally be provided in a vertical format as illustrated in Figure 3-10, as this is commonly more appropriate to available sidewalk space. A horizontal format is covered in the details given in Volume 2. FIGURE 3-10 AREA PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING SIGNS 383

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08:00·13100 16:00·21:00

Entrance To Paid Parking Area

Exit From Paid Parking Area

SIGN 383

SIGN 383.1

SIGN 383.2

As an alternative to making a cash payment at a PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING machine, those parking may SMS an AREA CODE to the number displayed on signs 383, 383.1 and 383.2, and upon providing the requested details by SMS will be debited the appropriate tariff.

3.5.2 STREET PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING sign 384 Signs relating to payment for public parking utilize the orange and black color code. This color code has been adopted to distinguish signs in this sub-group from other parking control signs in the group and to emphasize to road users that they are in a "pay-for-parking" area. On signs 384.1, 384.2 and 384.3 the white "P" symbol on a square blue background identifies the section of street as reserved for PAY-ANDDISPLAY PARKING. STREET PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING sign 384 .1, 384.2 AND 384.3 indicate to drivers of vehicles that PAY-AND-DI SPLAY PARKING applies within the limits designated by the arrows on the sign face. Drivers wishing to use parking areas so designated shall pay the appropriate tariff at the PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING machines or parking meter. The issued tickeVnotice shall be displayed on the inside of the windscreen in clear view of the patrolling traffic warden.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

STREET PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING signs 384.1, 384.2 and 384.3 should be located on the right and/ or left side of the roadway, as appropriate, with the sign face parallel to the curb line or edge of roadway. The maximum distance between signs to give adequate coverage to a full section of non-arterial urban roadway should be 80 meters. When a parking reservation is to be applied to a section of roadway for a distance less than 80 meters two STREET PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING signs 384.1 and 384.3 should be used, one at each end of the section of roadway with the arrows arranged to point towards each other, thereby defining the overall length of the section of road in which parking is permitted. The range of arrow variations with signs 384.1, 384.2 and 384.3 is illustrated in Figure 3-11 . FIGURE 3-11: STREET PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING SIGNS 384

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SIGN 384.1

SIGN 384.2

SIGN 384.3

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z...

As an alternative to making a cash payment at a PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING machine, those parking may SMS an AREA CODE to the number displayed on signs 384, 384.1 and 384.2, and upon providing the requested details by SMS will be debited the appropriate tariff.

3.5.3 GOODS VEHICLE PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING sign 385 Signs relating to payment for public parking utilize the orange and black color code. This color code has been adopted to distinguish signs in this sub-group from other parking control signs in the group and to emphasize to road users that they are in a "pay-for-parking" area. On sign 385 the white "P" symbol on a square blue background identifies the area as reserved for PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING. GOODS VEHICLE PAY-AND-DISPLAY PARKING sign 385 indicates to drivers of vehicles that parking spaces so defined may only be used by goods vehicles. This sign shall be located at the edge of the sidewalk parallel to the roadway at the specific parking bay/bays to be thus designated. Any variations to this sign must have prior approval from the Roads & Transport Authority.

... -~

J..1i ONLY

SIGN 385

Sign 385 requires that if drivers of goods vehicles wish to make use of available parking they shall pay the appropriate tariff at the designated PAY-AND-DISPLAY machine, and shall display the ticket/notice received from the machine on the inside of the vehicle windscreen in clear view of the patrolling traffic wardens. This requirement is indicated on sign 385 by a black on white symbol depicting this action . Areas or curb side locations designated by sign 385 have to be designed specifically to suit the size and maneuverability of goods vehicles. Since this term covers a wide range of vehicles it may be necessary in a large facility to allocate parking spaces according to a range of vehicle sizes. This can be achieved by adding an appropriate QUALIFICATION PLATE sign 365 below sign 385 in a range of stepped vehicle masses i.e. 10T, 5T-10T, 2.5T- ST.

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3.5.4 PARKING TIME LIMIT sign 387 Sign 387 and its arrow variants indicate to drivers of vehicles using the parking area designated by the sign that there are time limits to their use of the parking area. The time limit may apply in one or both of two ways: To the maximum duration of the parking period, and/or 2 hr

To the times of day that parking is permitted. Signs 387.1, 387.2 and 387.3 shall include an arrow to indicate the direction of application of the time restrictions indicated on the sign (see Figure 3-11 }.

SIGN 387

PARKING TIME LIMIT signs 387.1, 387.2 and 387.3 should be located on the right and/or left side of the roadway, as appropriate, with the sign face parallel to the curb line or edge of roadway. The maximum distance between signs to give adequate coverage to a full section of non-arterial urban roadway should be 80 meters. When a parking reservation is to be applied to a section of roadway for a distance less than 80 meters two PARKING TIME LIMIT signs 387.1 and 387.3 should be used, one at each end of the section of roadway with the arrows arranged to point towards each other, thereby defining the overall length of the section of road in which parking is available. The range of arrow variations with signs 387.1, 387.2 and 387.3 is illustrated in Figure 3-12. The messages of the PARKING TIME LIMIT signs 387, 387.1, 387.2 and 387.3 may be varied. The duration of stay limit or the time of day limit may be omitted if one or other is not appropriate to the circumstances of the parking area.

FIGURE 3-12: ALTERNATIVE PARKING TIME LIMIT DISPLAYS

~ ,.,...,.,. ,.,.,.&.

~ U"

f

,.,....,_,,\"•

.... ....

08:00·13:00 IG:00·21:00

2hr

09:30•20:00

SIGN 387.1

~ ,.,...,.,. ,.,.r-i.

01.00·13:00 lG.00· 21:00

....

:

~ U"

f

,.,....,_,,\"_

.... 2hr

09:30·20:00

SIGN 387.2

~ ,.,. ..,.,.

~ U"

f

... ... ..,.,.&.

01:00•13:00 Uh00·21:00

,.,....,_,,\"• 2 hr

09:30•20:00

SIGN 387.3

Figure 3-13 illustrates some of the sign combinations possible within this group of signs, and also when combined with NO PARKING sign 377 and NO STOPPING sign 370, and their variants.

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Chapter 3 - Regulatory Signs

FIGURE 3-13 : TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF THE USE OF PARKING, NO PARKING AND NO STOPPING SIGNS

~

~ ~

g

•

g

············. :

> .

Q)

.... .c

C\i ....... c: Q)

::J

E Q)

Q)

0

C\i rn ....... c: c: 0

Q)

Cl)

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ca

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....

c

c

c

0:::

zc

WC

-

I-

"z ()

::i

I

(0

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:::0

m

0

c.

c: -I m

a:0 :::J

-I

-< "tJ

-

Sequence 4 Ground mounted 500m advance for At-grade intersections Sequence 4 Ground mounted 300m advance.

0

cc ('D

Sequence 4 Ground mounted 300m advance. (if feasible)

Sequence 4 Ground mounted 500m advance

w I=>

,,

Sequence 4 Ground mounted 300m advance.

D

Sequence 4 Ground mounted 500m advance

0

0-

Sequence 2A Sequence 4 Overhead signs, Ground mounted lane allocation, 1km 500m advance advance.

0

c

(II

C2

Sequence 2C Overhead signs Lane allocation 1km advance

=

::::l

C1

Sequence 2C Overhead signs Lane allocation 1km advance

en

::::l

82

Sequence 28 Overhead signs Lane allocation 1km advance

c~ :I:

c::

(")

~ Sequence 2A Overhead signs Lane allocation 1km advance

81

I

sl (South)

551

551

551

NOTE: 1. This layout shows a typical sign sequence on the cross road approaches from a numbered or unnumbered road towards an interchange with a class A1, A2 or B1 main road. 2. The straight on information may be provided in any one of the shown positions where space permits. 3. Typical sequence should be adjusted for site specific conditions, keeping information consistent. 4. Color of background panel shall be the same as color of background panel on road that is turning towards. 5. On E-routes the "End destination" in that direction will be shown. On D-routes the 'Next district' in the relevant direction will be shown. 6. Typical location for trailblazing and/or of supplemental destination sign (if eligible for display at this location). 7. ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 should be located preferably 500m from first exit to Main Street. 8. Layout of arrow and insert white section to fit exit configuration.

• •

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

FIGURE 5-8F : SIGN SEQUENCING PATTERN 4

*See Note 3 See Alternative for 'D' Route

•

·~ I l!)

•

Main Route • A2.

Main Route· A1

~

NN

a

~

Alternative

H 555

E

g

See Note 4

495.1

518

l~

1"350m

589

..r.-it.:i:-JI

tJWJI '111

Side Street 500m

''

517

NOTE: 1. This layout shows a typical sign sequence on the main road approach towards an at-grade intersection towards a lower order side street; primarily a RIRO junction. 2. The layouts may be revised based on site specific condition. 3. Attention shall be given to use the appropriate back ground color for sign as shown here. 4. Typical location for trailblazer and/or supplemental destination sign (if eligible for display at this location). 5. In case of A2 route the gore exit sign shall not display an exit number and no exit panels will be added to sign 517 &518. 6. Signs 505 or 512 should be located at a distance preferably not less than shown Table 4-1. 7. Distance in advance of the exit may be adjusted to suit site specific conditions.

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•

FIGURE 5-8G : SIGN SEQUENCE 5 fl~t..;;...Jl~L.:.JI~

~

cross street

It

See Note 5

516 See Note 4

515

•

E

0 0

C")

511

NOTE: 1. This layout shows typical sign sequence on the main road approaches intersecting signalised arterials of Class 81 or 82. 2. The layout may be revised based on site specific conditions. 3. The following information should be displayed. • Location Information; • Route numbers and Street name; • Orientation; • Cardinal Direction and Next District Name. 4. Ground mounted street name sign shall include route emblem if street is part of numbered route. 5. Street name sign shall also be installed on the signal head mast arm. Detail layout of mast arm street name sign may be adjusted for sign to fit between signal heads. 6. Typical location for trailblazer and/or supplemental destination sign (if eligible for display at this location.) 7. Distance in advance of the exit may be adjusted to suit site specific conditions.

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

FIGURE 5-SH : SIGN SEQUENCE 6 'I i,J.LL..11 ~

f.JUJI ~ Crossst:..t

'1

See Note 5

516 lm] i,J.LL..11 f.JL..:..ll ~ Cross Street

See Note 4

515

•

E

0 0 C':>

t

fD.;1

~

~.;II t.JUa..11

~~UJI

tl..b...iJI

( '-:-'~) Main Street (South) Next District [D';f xox..

l!!J

( J~)

~l.L.oJI t.JWJI ~ ~UJI t l..b.£.JI

Cross Street (East) Next District

[i>';f

~ 1.L.oJI t.JUa.11

l!!J

t,l..b...iJI

~~UJI

( '-:-'~) Cross Street (West) Next District

512

r+

~1.L.oJI t.JUJI ~ Cross Street I "' 300m

519 (See Note 8)

NOTE: 1. This layout shows typical sign sequence on the approach of a numbered or unnumbered route to a signalized junction of classes 82, C1 or C2 streets. 2. District names shall only be displayed in the case of that section of the roadway being a numbered route. If a leg of intersection does not have a route number, only the next district will be shown. 3. The layout may be revised based on site specific conditions. 4. Ground mounted street name sign shall include route emblem if street is a part of numbered route. 5. Street name sign should also be installed on the signal head mast arm. Detail layout of mast arm street name sign may be adjusted for sign to fit between signal heads. 6. Typical location for trailblazer and/or supplemental destination sign (if eligible for display at this location). 7. In exceptional cases a horizontal stack sign may be considered if space is not available to install vertical stack signs. 8. In case of intersecting lower order streets entering single communities, the Advance Vertical Stack Direction sign may be replaced with an Expressway service street sign 519 providing advance indication of the approaching street. (For left turns the sign 519 may be installed on the median if space permits). 9. Distance in advance of the exit may be adjusted to suit site specific conditions.

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•

5.3.10 Trailblazer Signing "Trailblazing" is an important part of the overall wayfinding process. Trailblazing information is limited to a few specific destinations which can be easily recognized from a symbol only message. The following destinations or destination groups are recognized for trailblazing purposes: •

Airports;

•

Seaports;

•

Emirate Routes (by Emirate Route Emblem);

•

Arab Mashreq Route (by Arab Mashreq Route Emblem);

•

Dubai Routes (by Dubai Route Emblem);

•

Supplemental Destinations (strictly limited by Class);

•

Parking Areas.

Symbols used for trailblazing, in addition to the Route Emblems, are listed in Figure 5-13 in Section 5.4. Symbols come in two different sizes. If more than one symbol is used on a trailblazing sign, and they are of different sizes, the sign shall be sized for the larger symbol size.

•

Trailblazing may be applied in one of two symbol based forms: •

As an included well recognized symbol, without a destination name, provided on almost any primary direction guide sign in addition to the approved appropriate destination information on such a sign;

•

As an exclusive symbol only message on a compact local level single panel stack type direction sign.

5.3.10.1 The Inclusive Form

The inclusive form of trailblazing is covered by examples in Sections 5. 7 and 5.8, and only applies to Airports and Seaports. This form of trailblazing commonly involves one or more changes of numbered route before the specific destination type is reached. As a major destination of this type is reached the trailblazing function will give way to a full destination message indicating perhaps different components of the destination such as "freight" and "passengers" at an airport or seaport, or to different terminals at the airport. The rules for the placement of these symbols shall be as follows: •

Page 5-44

Airports -

Airport symbol shall be placed to the left of the Route Number emblem on primary guide signs;

-

Airport symbols shall be placed on the on-going direction signs of an Emirate Route that serves as primary access to the airport in accordance with RTA policy. Trailblazing towards Dubai International Airport shall be done along all Emirates Routes; trailblazing towards Al Makhtoum International Airport shall be displayed for a distance of up to a maximum of 30 km away from the main access to the airport;

-

Airport symbols shall be placed on the on-going direction, the vertical and horizontal stack signs of a Dubai Route up to a maximum distance of 10 km from the main access to the airport;

-

Airport symbols will be used on all Advance Exit Direction and Exit Direction signs where the route towards the airport changes direction;

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

Airport symbols will provide direction up to the point where decisions need to be made that require differentiating between various access points. From this point onwards, the display will be done in more detail designating the relevant terminals.

Seaport: -

Seaport symbols shall be placed to the left of route number emblems on primary guide signs. In cases where an airport symbol is also required, the seaport symbol shall be placed to the left of the airport symbol;

-

Seaport symbols shall be used up to a maximum of 10 km away from the entrance to the main access road to the facility, subject to the complexity of the street network.

5.3.10.2 The Exclusive Form

The exclusive form of trailblazing, which is covered in this section, occurs primarily on collector and local streets, providing links between an exit from a numbered route to the end destination through one or more at grade turns. This form of trailblazing has obvious benefits in the reverse direction from a local end destination back to one of the main numbered routes. Trailblazing signs display only a stack type arrow, one of Stack Sign Arrow Types 3, 4, 5 or 6 together with a symbol. (When geometric conditions require, Stack Sign Type 3 slanted arrow may be used. Such a Type 3 arrow should be rotated through 45 degrees.) The signs should be located in advance of an intersection, roundabout or recognized Li-turning lane. They will normally be used to indicate a turn but, in the event that drivers may be confused about the correct direction to take, for whatever reason, an ongoing indication may be given, when appropriate, using a vertical Type 3 arrow. Once a trailblazing sign has been used further trailblazing signs shall be provided at all decision points until the destination indicated has been reached, or until the message concerned becomes part of the information displayed by the normal destination based guide sign system. There are specific circumstances for each of the types of trailblazer identified above in terms of which an appropriate trailblazing sign may be used. These circumstances are detailed subsections 5.6.2 to 5.6.8. Trailblazing signs shall have a background color corresponding to the road that it is located upon, or the function that it fulfills. With limited exceptions detailed below, trailblazing signs shall not be used on numbered routes. If it is required to provide an additional direction sign on a numbered route to a specific destination, the sign shall conform to SUPPLEMENTAL SIGN design and installation criteria. 5.3.10.3 Trailblazing from Major Tourist Destinations

Visitors to major tourist destinations are being assisted to reach these destinations by using Supplemental Destination signs. However, the same group of road users is not being assisted to the same extent when they leave these tourist destinations. The exclusive form of the trailblazing system has therefore been expanded to assist visitors to return to the Emirates route network when they leave major tourist destinations. The existing Emirates Route Trailblazer sign 505 has been expanded to also include the name of an Emirates route (e.g. Al Khail Road). This expanded Emirates Route trailblazer sign (Sign 505.1) resembles a single stack of a vertical stack direction sign and is intended to be used as a supplemental direction sign in the outbound direction from such a facility. The expanded Emirates route trailblazer sign may be displayed at a vehicle exit from the tourist facility and at major points of decision between the tourist facility and the intended Emirates route. At locations where the expanded trailblazer sign cannot be displayed due to space constraints, the existing trailblazer sign 505 may be displayed to retain route number continuity.

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5.4

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

General Standards for Guide Signs

5.4.1 Language and Lettering Styles Most signs in the guide sign class display a message in the form of arrows, symbols and/or text. Guide sign "text" may include any of the following messages: •

A destination name (control, supplemental or local);

•

A street name;

•

A place name (Emirate, city, town or district);

•

A route number (only within a route number emblem);

•

A cardinal direction;

•

A generic symbol indicating the type of facility;

•

A distance to an exit;

•

A distance to a destination.

All destination names, street names and place names shall appear on guide signs in both Arabic and English. Distance is displayed in Arabic numerals only. The style of lettering used shall be the Roads & Transport Authority standard Arabic and English fonts. The Arabic font shall be Naskh and the English font British Transport Medium. When specifically indicated on Regulatory signs, the font shall be British Transport Heavy. Details of these fonts are given in Volume 2 on a background "tile". The use of these "tiles" automatically provides the correct spacing between letters and vertical spacing between rows of text.

5.4.2 Amount of Legend A significant factor in the design of guide signs, and in particular direction signs, is the amount of information to be provided . This factor is significant because: •

Drivers must have enough time to read the given information; and

•

The amount of information given dictates the ultimate size of the sign needed to display it.

In terms of all the other actions drivers have to take in order to navigate their vehicles safely through the street network, the amount of time available to read guide sign messages is commonly limited. The more information required on the guide signs, the larger the sign pages have to be made. This in turn makes it more difficult to position the signs so that drivers can see them in time to read them and react to the information in a safe and orderly manner. In order to design a safe and efficient guide sign system, it is desirable to minimize the amount of information on signs: •

To reduce reading times; and

•

To reduce the size of signs.

For the guide sign system to be effective the information provided must be adequate for the navigational needs of the majority of drivers. To assist motorists navigational tools have been evolved including route numbers, street names and numbers, cardinal directions and district names. The objective in numbering routes is to simplify the transfer of information in order to achieve effective

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navigation. Information is also displayed in a consistent manner on direction signs so that the time required for the information search process is minimized.

•

Symbols are used to reduce the amount of text needed to describe certain destinations and thereby reduce search, recognition and reading time. Symbols are particularly used with this objective on supplemental destination signs. The majority of information used in the navigation process appears as legend on direction signs. There are two main categories of direction sign, namely those used for at-grade junctions and those used for grade separated junctions. The standard amount of legend to be displayed per stack for at-grade junctions is limited to: •

One arrow;

•

One route number emblem; (In extraordinary conditions one section of road may form part of a second route for a short distance; in such a case both emblems should be displayed for the sake of continuity);

•

The cardinal direction in the direction of the arrow;

•

One street name in Arabic and English;

•

One control destination name in Arabic and English; this control destination shall be the next district which the driver is heading;

•

The same information given on each stack for turning movement is repeated at the exits from the junction on chevron signs; unless the size of the chevron sign and the location where it is due to be erected is unfeasible. In such case the street name component of the chevron may be removed from the chevron sign and installed on a street name sign, in such a way that the street name is legible to a driver turning on to such a street. The direction signs used for grade separated junctions are mounted in an overhead position. Since the turning movement from each road normally involves a high speed exit, the navigation information is given on two basic types of direction signs: •

EXIT DIRECTION signs (advance exit signs and exit signs);

•

ON-GOING DIRECTION signs.

•

The standard amount of legend to be displayed on EXIT DIRECTION signs is limited to: •

The exit number of the junction (applies to Emirate Routes only);

•

One arrow for each exit lane;

•

A route number emblem (two may be displayed when the junction occurs at a point where the left and right turns are onto differently numbered routes);

•

The cardinal direction being taken (unless the exit leads towards a decision point from where the road splits into different directions);

•

The name of the cross street/( streets) being accessed from the expressway/ freeway.

The ON-GOING DIRECTION signs display the following standard amount of information: •

One arrow per on-going lane;

•

The route number emblem of the on-going route;

•

The cardinal direction being taken;

•

One intermediate destination (next district) name;

•

The name of the control destination (end district/ next Emirate) for the route.

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Wherever street names, district or Emirates names or cardinal directions are displayed, these shall be provided in both Arabic and English, in accordance with the prescribed formats for each particular sign type. Use of legend should be limited because information, once displayed, must be carried through subsequent junctions until the destination in question is reached. The effect of an extra destination name is rarely limited to one junction and tend to spread. If additional destinations are introduced in several places the likelihood is that they will accumulate at common points in the network resulting in unmanageable amounts of legend. Should the amount of information on a sign become so much that the resulting sign becomes excessively large, consideration shall be given to provide the information in a layered manner, i.e. start providing the extra information closer to the actual destination, rather than from the initial turn towards such a destination. Site specific conditions may require a departure from these parameters and guidelines.

5.4.3 Size of Lettering The size of lettering required on road traffic signs is related to the time window that a driver has available to detect a sign, recognise it, read the information it contains, decide if it is relevant and then react appropriately and safely to the information provided. No drivers can safely attend to all these functions unless he glances at the road ahead a number of times successively. One such model is depicted in Figure 5-9.

FIGURE 5-9 : SIZE OF LETTERING

LOOK1

LOOK2

~

~

LOOK3

~ Useful Si n Distance

Sign is Visible But Not Recognizable

Color Recognize

Sign Shape Recognize

Acuity Threshold

Last Look

Distance

Source: Carlson, PJ, Basis for ASTM4956 Type Designations for Traffic Signs, March 2006

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Before drivers can read the legend on a guide sign they first have to see the sign. This corresponds to a point within the LOOK 1 area. This function of the effectiveness of the visibility of traffic signs generally is referred to as their conspicuity. Conspicuity, and therefore the likelihood of detection of a guide sign is affected by: •

The size, shape and color of the sign;

•

The "brightness" of the sign;

•

The contrast between the sign and its environment (also referred to as external contrast);

•

The location of the sign in relation to the line of sight of the driver;

•

The time a driver needs to search for the sign in terms of road geometry, vehicle speed, traffic volumes, the presence of other signs, and other competing visual stimuli;

•

The angle of viewing the sign.

Once a sign has been detected its long range attributes allow for its identification and function recognition . The "brightness" of a sign is termed its luminance. Guide signs need to have adequate luminance both by day and at night. Night time luminance is improved by the use of retroreflective materials. Retroreflective materials have the property of redirecting a percentage of the incident light back towards the light source (a non-retroreflective surface will absorb or diffuse the light). Therefore a guide sign surfaced with retroreflective material is capable of redirecting the light from vehicle headlights back towards the vehicle. The farther a sign is offset, either horizontally or vertically from the path of a vehicle, the greater are the entrance angles. The closer the eyes are from the headlights of the vehicle, the smaller is the observation angle. Retroreflective materials are more effective at small entrance and observation angles. This means that the sign legend would be most legible from directly in front of the sign and being read from a vehicle where the driver is located very close to the headlights (in vertical section). These conditions are obviously not practical and results in less effective practical conditions on the road. The driver still needs to see and read the sign in time to respond to the message transferred from the sign . This requirement affects the size of lettering and symbols used for the legend. It also means that there is a closer point, still some distance from the sign, after which it is considered that the entrance angle is too great for the driver to look at the sign and attend to the driving task at the same time (the end of the LOOK 3 area). At this point legibility is no longer effective. These sign characteristics affect the time during which the sign may be observed, and therefore for which it may be readable (the LOOK 3 Area). This time can be extended by using a larger letter size which makes the letters legible earlier while maintaining the same cut-off to the reading time when the entrance angle limit is reached. The legibility of the lettering (and symbols) used on guide signs and particularly direction signs are affected by the following factors: •

The sign mounting position i.e. ground mounted or overhead;

•

The sign mounting height;

•

The letter style, spacing, size, and stroke width;

•

The legibility factor;

•

The visual acuity of drivers (which deteriorate with the age of the driver);

•

The driver's workload and surrounding distractions that compete for his attention;

•

The approach speed of traffic;

•

The amount of information displayed on the sign;

•

The luminance (daytime) and retroreflectivity (nighttime) contrast ratio between the sign legend and sign background (also referred to as internal contrast);

•

The ambient light levels (particularly street and advertising lighting);

•

Vehicle factors like the output and light pattern of the headlights and the transmissivity of the windshield.

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Legibility can be defined simply as the ability to read a text message or accurately determine the form of a symbolic message. In this respect, for the long range legibility required by drivers, the most critical element would therefore be the smallest or narrowest significant element. This critical design element can be influenced by one or all of the following : •

Letter font style;

•

Letter stroke width;

•

Letter and line spacing;

•

Fine details of a symbol.

If all other factors are constant, as a general rule, increasing the size of the critical element will increase the legibility distance of the sign message. Typically the finest or most critical element for guide sign lettering is the stroke width and the size of the enclosed area of letters like the "o", "a", "b", "d" or "s". There are several letter styles which have been designed with characteristics required for use on a direction sign. These characteristics are: •

Consistent letter design;

•

Improved legibility over more "creative" styles;

•

Widely recognized at an international level;

•

Greater surface area and therefore target value;

•

Usable with higher grades of retroreflective material with minimal risk of "over glow" or "bleeding".

The letter sizing for both the Arabic and English fonts are based on maximizing the above characteristics. The Arabic and English letter styles specified in this Manual are based on the following fonts: Arabic:

Naskh, which is used in most of the GCC countries;

English:

British Transport Medium, which offers a compromise between legibility and reduced line length, thereby optimizing total sign area and reduced sign cost. (A bolder version of this font is also available, British Transport Heavy, which may be used when the need exists to increase the contrast of dark lettering on very bright backgrounds to reduce the effect of overglow).

The dimensional characteristics of the lettering used for both the Arabic and the English lettering are based on the English lowercase letter height, conveniently referred to as the "x"-height: •

Lowercase letter height= 1.0x

•

Stroke width = 0.2x

•

Uppercase letter height= 1.4x

•

English text background tile height= 2.0x

•

Aleph height of equivalent Arabic text= 1. 7x

•

Arabic text background tile height= 3.4x

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For a given letter style and letter height a driver with a normal visual acuity of 1 (Schnellen 20/20) will be able to read the letters at a specific distance; (visual acuity is a measure of a driver's ability to focus on fine objects) . This distance is known as the legibility distance. For the purpose of determining the letter sizes recommended in Table 5-1 O a legibility index of 0.6 meters of legibility distance per millimeter of lowercase "x" letter height has been adopted as the design criterion for English and Arabic letters and characters. This means that English letters 100 millimeters high and Arabic letters based on an "aleph" height of 170 millimeters can be read by the normal driver from 60 meters. (It should be noted that some drivers may have poor visual acuity and that the legibility index at night can be lower than 0.6 m/mm. Under these circumstances lower legibility distances will result. The US MUTCD - 2009 recommends the use of a much higher design criterion to accommodate the ageing driver population in the USA. The recommended legibility distance in the MUTCD is 0.36m/mm letter height for drivers with a visual acuity of Schnellen 20/40. However, research has also indicated that ageing drivers revert to other methods of accommodating their deteriorating ability to read road signs. These factors include the use of familiar routes and refraining from driving in low light conditions. Another factor which affects the legibility of letters on direction and other guide signs is the luminance contrast between the lettering and the sign background. This contrast is expressed as a ratio of light-todark color luminance and is appropriate both by day and by night. Ideally the contrast ratio should be between the ratios of 5 to 1 and 10 to 1. For symbolic signs with bold symbols the ratio may be as low as 4 to 1 and still be effective. Ratios higher than 1 O to 1 run the risk of creating an "overglow" or "bleeding" effect from retroreflective materials at night, particularly if the background color is light and the letter or symbol color is dark. "Overglow" results in the letter stroke width of a dark letter being diminished by the glare from the bright color background. This in turn may affect the letter legibility. High ambient light levels common under street lighting will reduce this effect significantly and it is less problematic when vehicle headlights are commonly used in the low beam position (as under street lighting) .

•

Taking into account international practice and the factors given above, a range of standard letter sizes has been derived for various guide sign applications. These sizes are listed in Table 5-1 O and should be adhered to. It should be noted that the sizes given in Table 5-10 are meant for general usage. They do not provide for worst case scenario's of maximum amount of information, combined with maximum speed and maximum distraction levels simultaneously. If the amount of information to be displayed on a sign face is increased, due to exceptional geometric conditions, that the sign must be legible from a greater distance, consideration must be given to use a larger than standard letter size and approval obtained from Roads & Transport Authority. Referring to Figure 5-10 (Details 5-10.1 and 5-10.2) the minimum lower case letter sizing under extra ordinary circumstances can be determined using the following sets of equations taken from the SADC Road Traffic Signs Manual, South Africa.

Reading Time: tr= (0.32 * N - 0.21) * D

tr

=

Where Theoretical reading time (seconds)

N

=

Number of information units on the sign

D

=

Distraction factor

Number of "units of information" on a sign Text Arrow Other

Page 5-52

Word with 8 letters or less

1 unit

Word with more than 8 letters

2 units

Each individual arrow

0.25 units

Map type arrow

1 unit

Emblem, symbol, distance, exit number

0.5 units each

Route emblem with Cardinal Direction

1.0 unit

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DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

Distraction Factor

Road Condition

D

Rural roads/ low traffic volume

1.0

Rural roads/ Level of Service C or worse

1.25

Urban roads/ high traffic volumes

1.5

The desirable maximum amount of information given to the driver on any sign or cluster of signs should not exceed 12 units of information, calculated in accordance with the principles shown above. The absolute maximum amount of information so given to the driver should not exceed 18 units. Whenever more than 12 units of information would be given to the driver on a sign or on a cluster of signs, the approval of Roads & Transport Authority should be sought and alternative options to reduce the amount of information be considered. The theoretical reading time on urban roads or high traffic volume roads for 12 units of information is 5.4 seconds and for 18 units of information it is 8.3 seconds. No driver should look away from the roadway for an extended period of time to read road a particular sign. In practice a driver would read a sign by intermittently glancing at the sign and the roadway. Larger signs or signs requiring a longer theoretical reading time would cause the driver to interrupt his reading process more often. A practical reading time could therefore be determined by increasing the theoretical reading time by 1 second per 4 units of information exceeding the first 7 units of information and should be used to check the available time for reading the sign between the start and end of the LOOK 3 area. The practical reading time for 12 units of information would be 6.4 seconds and for 18 units 10.3 seconds.

FIGURE 5-10.1: PRINCIPLES OF LEGIBILITY

s

Reading Time/ Distance

dr

D

Detail 5-10-1: Side Mounted Sign

~,

___ ---

............

............ ......,.._

70 .....................

~

-- - -- •d I)

Reading Time/

ds

~

Distance ~

~

~

D

~

dr

--

Detail 5-10.2: Overhead Mounted Sign

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•

Reading Distance d r = 0.278 *

v * tr

dr

=

Where Reading distance (meters)

V

=

Posted Speed Limit (km/hour)

tr

=

Theoretical reading time (seconds) Ineffective reading distance Sign Displacement (S or h) tan 9

ds Sor h

= =

Where Ineffective reading distance (m) Sign displacement horizontal or vertical from the design lane (m) (Note that the vertical displacement is measured from the road surface and not from the headlight or driver's eye height, thus providing a simplified assessment.)

•

Total Reading Distance

Legibility Index LI

LI

=

Total reading distance D Lower case letter height x

Where Design criterion legibility index (m/mm)

D

=

Total Reading distance (m)

x

=

Design lowercase letter height (English font) (mm)

The design lower case letter height x for English font may then be calculated by replacing standard values for non-variable items in the above equations.

•

The design lowercase letter height for ground mounted signs is given by:

x = 0.463 * V * (0.32 * N - 0.21) * D + 6.22 * S The design lowercase letter height for overhead mounted signs is given by:

x = 0.463 * V * (0.32 * N - 0.21) * D + 13.57 * h The relevant Arabic aleph height is given by: aleph= 1.7 * x

• Page 5-54

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

TABLE 5-10: RECOMMENDED "X" HEIGHT FOR SIGNS (MILLIMETERS) 100 KM/H

80 KM/H

60KM/H

40 KM/H

300/250

250

200

200

250

200

150

100

Overhead mounted

250

200

NA

NA

Vertical Stack Sign

200

150

100

100

Symbol Only

250

200

150

100

POSTED SPEED SIGN CATEGORY:

Overhead Direction sign (see note 3) Ground Mounted Direction Sign Supplemental Direction Sign:

Gore Exit Sign

Not x-related

Street Name sign 516: At Local Road

125

125

125

75

Arterials and major streets

175

150

125

125

Local Street Name Signs At Collector roads or minor arterials

60 50

Within the community Chevron Sign: (see Note 1) At Roundabout

125

100

100

75

At Intersection

125

100

100

75

Route Marker

250

150

150

150

General Information Sign

150

150

100

100

NOTE:

1. The above sizes apply for D-Routes only. Chevron signs placed on E-Routes should be increased in size by 2.

3. 4.

20%. Exceptions to the above to suit site specific geometric requirements may at times be warranted. Such exceptions shall require the approval of Roads & Transport Authority. Reduced letter size ONLY for use on the EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550. NA - Not Applicable.

5.4.4 Sign Borders All guide signs shall be provided with a contrasting border around the perimeter of the sign with the exception that when an exclusive exit only white panel is placed at the bottom of an overhead exit direction sign, no border is required on the white panel. The border color should be the same as the color used for message lettering on the sign. Sign borders shall have the following dimensional characteristics where "x" is the height of the lowercase lettering used for the sign: •

Width = 0.25 x;

•

Corner radius= 1.0 x (to the outer edge of the border).

An internal dividing border shall be used to separate the stacks of a stack type direction sign. This border shall have the same width as the outside sign border but shall not be provided with radii where it joins the outside border.

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•

5.4.5 Internal Spacing The sign face layout of all guide signs shall adhere to the internal spacings listed below and illustrated in a typical example in Figure 5-11; subject to practical adjustments to suit the planks used in the manufacture of signs; •

Side space between border and right or left line of justification= 0.5 x for vertical stack signs, and 1.0 x for horizontal stack signs;

•

Minimum lateral space between a route number emblem and an arrow

= 1.0x

•

Minimum lateral space between text and a Type 5 or Type 8 arrow

= 1.0x

•

Minimum lateral space between text and a symbol or emblem

= 0.5x

•

Vertical space between the top border and nearest legend

= 0.5x

•

Vertical space between the bottom border and nearest legend

= 0.5x

•

Vertical space between an upper row of legend and a lower row of legend on a horizontal stack type sign

= 0.5x

The vertical space between Arabic and English text, or between two rows of Arabic or two rows of English text, is dictated by the letter and number tiles and no additional internal spacing is required.

•

The horizontal spacing between letters or numbers is also controlled by the letter and number tiles which include the provision of a blank tile 0.5 x wide for use between consecutive words in a line. FIGURE 5-11: TYPICAL GUIDE SIGN INTERNAL SPACING ELEMENTS 1.0x

0.5x 4.0x

'/

>< LO c:i

,---,---,- -~

11

,---, I I I I

varies

2.37x

TYPE3 ARROW

I I I I

I I I I I

I I ROUTE I EMBLEM I I ____

~

I :

iri

~

I

CARDINAL DIRECTION

:

~ ~

>
"C

CD

ce·

'!' ...Jo.

~

~ C

500.1E

tA

D> ~

en

r- 600-1

m

c.

0

c. c. ..,

)>

'"Tl

Detail 5-14.1 E-Route Markers Detail 5-14.2 Kilometer Marker Detail~

I

1- 500 .i

ro-~h1~o

2.8: J_

2:

Sign 500.1E

c:

11° Sign 500.2A

;;o

CD tA tA

0

c

..--.. -I ~ m CD

~

(Q

S ;;o

ru )>

en

0 "m "Tl ce· ;;o

3

CD

~

...Jo.

CD

km MIN

516

i·

S512 km

I

2km

•

502 _J.:•502

I km 1

2

I

•• 502

·502

•

1

M 2 m 1 orethan2k

2km

1502 , ,

I J L/ , ~oRoute ~ .502~

2 km

z

Cf c -9 2S

2

I .502

)>

km

I

II

5 2 1· ~ .....i.:!_mMI 2km ,,? ~·512

1

516 512

r 0

sm

-I

m

;;o

s)>

516

;;o

"men

c

;;o

Detail 5-14.3 D-Route Markers

c....

Detail 5-14.4 D-Route : Route Marker Sign Detail ~

D> ~

-I

0

c

C5 z en

s I

D>

N ::I c.

N

c. ;::;:

c:

m

~

o·

s·

...Jo.

~

CJ'I

•

•

•

•

DTCDM- 2"d Edition

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

5.5.2 KILOMETER MARKER sign 500 5.5.2.1 Function •

To provide information of progress along an Emirate Route by providing the distance in kilometers from the point of origin of the Route within Dubai, at one kilometer intervals;

•

To provide route confirmation on an Emirate Route;

•

To provide cardinal direction orientation on an Emirate Route in the direction of travel;

•

To create route number awareness by continuous repetition at 5 km intervals.

5.5.2.2 Application •

As right side mounted signs on all Emirate Routes;

•

Kilometer Marker signs shall be arranged along an Emirate Route from the route start point in the following manner:

•

-

A small marker every kilometer so that the cardinal direction is displayed in Arabic at odd-numbered kilometers (sign 500.1A) and in English at even number kilometers (sign 500.1 E);

-

A larger marker incorporating the EMIRATE ROUTE EMBLEM shall replace the small marker every five kilometers so that the cardinal direction is displayed in Arabic at each distance ending in a "5" (sign 500A), and in English at each distance ending in a "O" (sign 500E);

On any given kilometer cross section all kilometer markers provided shall display the same kilometer number for both directions of travel; in this way kilometer numbers will increase in northerly and easterly directions and decrease in southerly and westerly directions.

5.5.2.3 Location •

At roughly five meters from the edge of pavement, at kilometer intervals commencing one kilometer from the start of an Emirate Route within the Dubai Emirate e.g. E66, or on entering Dubai Emirate e.g. E11, and in each direction of travel.

•

All Emirate Routes are deemed to start from their most southerly or most westerly end.

•

On Emirate Routes with 5 or more lanes Kilometer Markers may be repeated in the median - when so placed signs in the median shall be mounted back-to-back on single post, to be readable in both directions of travel.

5.5.2.4 Display of Information

•

'--JJ. >• •

8 7 ~ ~ 500.1A

500.1 E

North

m m 50 45 500A

500E

The information to be displayed on all KILOMETER MARKER signs 500 shall comprise the cardinal direction in the direction of travel in the top panel with the kilometer number from the start point of the route (see above) in the bottom panel.

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In the case of KILOMETER MARKER signs 500 located every five kilometers the EMIRATE ROUTE EMBLEM shall be placed centrally vertically between the cardinal direction and the distance. As noted above the cardinal direction shall alternate in Arabic at odd kilometer numbers and English at even kilometer numbers.

•

Many of the more complex interchanges on expressways or freeways commonly extend for a distance of 2 kilometers or more from exit point in one direction to exit point in the opposite direction. As a result of this two sets of Kilometer Markers are likely to occur between, for example, the northbound and southbound exits. The interchange number, whenever possible, is the kilometer number approximating the position of the centre of the interchange or location of the cross road. It is therefore possible that an exit number may be one number different to an adjacent set of KILOMETER MARKER signs 500/500.1. In addition kilometer points may coincide with off or on-ramp connections or other physical features which make it difficult, if not impossible, to place Kilometer Marker signs accurately. It is therefore recommended that the signs may be placed up to 100 meters out of position, but in such a way that no longitudinal pair are less than 900 meters or more than 1100 meters apart. If necessary a side mounted sign or even both side mounted signs may be omitted. In such an instance centrally mounted median signs shall be provided even if the expressway or freeway has less than 5 lanes in each carriageway.

•

5.5.3 EMIRATE ROUTE MARKER sign 501 EMIRATE ROUTE MARKER sign 501 shall be the Emirate Route emblem 101S as described in Section 5.4.7.1, mounted alone, or above DISTANCE sign 585. The sign shall be 4.0 "x" wide by 5.0 "x" high and with an "x" height as given in Section 5.4.3.

5.5.4 ARAB MASHREQ ROUTE MARKER sign 501 M

[ill]

ARAB MASHREQ ROUTE MARKER sign 501 M shall be the Arab Mashreq Route Emblem 103S as described in section 5.4.7.3, mounted alone. The sign shall be 4.0 "x" wide x 4.0 "x" high and with an "x" height as given in section 5.4.3.

•

Arab Mashreq Route MS is superimposed on various Emirates Routes within the UAE. It shall be placed at appropriately 1Okm intervals. Individual sign positions may be adjusted to avoid proximity to other Emirate road signs.

5.5.5 DUBAI ROUTE MARKER sign 502 DUBAI ROUTE MARKER sign 502 shall be the Dubai Route emblem 102S as described in Section 5.4.7.2, mounted alone. The sign shall be 4.0 "x" wide by 5.0 "x" high and with an "x" height as given in Section 5.4.3.

• Page 5-68

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5.6

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

Trailblazing Symbols and Signs

5.6.1 Use of Trailblazing To be effective, trailblazing must be restricted to limited destinations and/or to a limited extent. The Dubai guide sign system will have five types of trailblazing signing: •

Dubai and Al Maktoum International Airports;

•

Port Rashid and Jabal Ali Seaports;

•

Numbered Routes:

•

-

Emirate Routes;

-

Dubai Routes( incase of restricted access);

Certain Supplemental Locations: -

Transportation terminals;

-

Emergency Hospitals;

-

Fuel stations;

-

Parking facilities (like multi storey car parking structures).

5.6.2 AIRPORT TRAILBLAZER sign 503 AIRPORT TRAILBLAZER sign 503 may be used with one of two symbols, namely: •

For Dubai International Airport (DXB) - sign number 503.1;

•

For Al Maktoum International Airport (DWC) - sign number 503.2.

AIRPORT TRAILBLAZER sign 503 is most appropriate for use on collector and local streets in close vicinity to the airports (within 2 to 5 kilometers), or towards the most appropriate numbered routes leading to the airports. Once sign 503 has been used it shall continue to be used through any subsequent turns until replaced by higher order guide signs.

SIGN 503.1

The AIRPORT TRAILBLAZER sign should be located in a side-mounted position on SIGN 503.2 the right side of the roadway, up to 160 meters from the junction, with due regard to the position of any other direction signs and any minor road intersections. When the sign is for a left turn movement from a divided roadway it may be beneficial to locate the sign on the median island, particularly if a U-turn movement is called for. In this latter case a Type 6 arrow should be used. The Airport symbol should be positioned on sign 503 so that it "points" in the same direction as the arrow used on the sign. In the case of a U-turn only situation, the airport symbol shall point to the left. The signing of airport terminal buildings shall replace the airport trailblazer signing from the point at which drivers of vehicles must be informed of which direction to take in order to reach the particular terminal building being sought, including freight terminals.

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•

5.6.3 SEAPORT TRAILBLAZER sign 504

JJir~

SEAPORT TRAILBLAZER sign 504 may be used with one of two symbols, namely:

PJA

• For Port Rashid (PR) - sign number 504.2.

SIGN 504.1

The symbols may be used inclusively up to 1O kilometers away from these seaports. However, SEAPORT TRAILBLAZER sign 504 is most appropriate for use on collector and local streets in close vicinity to the seaports or towards the most appropriate numbered routes leading to the seaports. Once sign 504 has been used it shall continue to be used through any subsequent turns until replaced by higher order guide signs.

• For Port Jabal Ali (PJA) - sign number 504.1;

SIGN 504.2

The SEAPORT TRAILBLAZER sign should be located in a side-mounted position on the right side of the roadway, up to 160 meters from the junction, with due regard to the position of any other direction signs and any minor road intersections. When the sign is for a left turn movement from a divided roadway it may be beneficial to locate the sign on the median island, particularly if a U-turn movement is called for. In this latter case a Type 6 arrow should be used.

•

The signing of seaport terminal buildings shall replace the seaport trailblazer signing from the point at which drivers of vehicles must be informed of which direction to take in order to reach the particular terminal building being sought, including freight terminals.

5.6.4 EMIRATE ROUTE TRAILBLAZER sign 505 EMIRATE ROUTE TRAILBLAZER sign 505 may be used to direct drivers towards an Emirate Route when direction signs are not otherwise in use or appropriate. Since Emirate Routes have limited points of access it may occasionally be necessary to assist drivers in finding a route or street which intersects with the Emirate Route. Sign 505 should therefore only be used at a local level to assist drivers in finding SIGN 505 their way upwards in the street network. Once used the sign should be repeated at decision points until such time as the appropriate t.JUJ Emirate Route Emblem appears on a normal Advance Direction sign with the appropriate To Sheikh Zayed Rd control destinations. This function of sign 505 is important in the context of the overall wayfinding SIGN 505.1 process in Dubai. It may also be beneficial to use sign 505 on a route which is parallel to an Emirate Route to identify a point of access to the Emirate route.

~Jj ~'

~! ~

I

r

•

The sign should be located in a side-mounted position on the right side of the roadway, up to 160 meters from the junction, with due regard to the position of any other direction signs and any minor side road intersections. When the sign is for a left turn movement from a divided roadway it may be beneficial to locate the sign on the median island, particularly if a U-turn is required . In the latter case a Type 6 arrow should be used. Emirate Route Trailblazer sign 505 should preferably be used to direct road users to a full interchange that provides access to both directions of travel on the desired Emirate Route. If access would only be available to one direction of the route, then sign 505 shall include the relevant cardinal direction that would be accessible from that point. An extended use of the trailblazer concept is described in Section 5.3.10.3 for the use of Sign 505.1.

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

Sign 505.1 is an extended version of the route trailblazer sign that recognizes that certain groups of drivers, especially visitors to major tourist or commercial centers, would require direction signing towards their origins. As their origins are not known, the display of the road name of an Emirate route is presumed to be a proxy for the name of the origin. The extended version of the Emirates Route trailblazer sign may be displayed from any facility where it may be presumed to be a major destination for significant numbers of unfamiliar drivers. Such destinations are expected to be major shopping centers or locations where recurring events take place on a particular site, such as the Sheikh Hamdan Sports complex. Subject to available space and the need to limit the number of signs in areas where potentially excessive demands may be made on drivers' attention, the extended ROUTE TRAILBLAZER sign 505.1 should be displayed at all locations where the driver might expect to make decisions on his way towards the relevant Emirates Route. Should space restrictions apply, the extended version of the Emirates Route Trailblazer sign 505.1, may be replaced with the standard size Emirates Route Trailblazer sign 505.

5.6.5 DUBAI ROUTE TRAILBLAZER sign 506 DUBAI ROUTE TRAILBLAZER sign 506 may be used to direct drivers towards a numbered Dubai Route when direction signs are not otherwise in use or appropriate. Sign 506 should therefore mainly be used at a local level within a community to assist drivers in finding their way upwards in the street network. This function of sign 506 is important in the context of the overall wayfinding process in Dubai. The use of sign 506 may be particularly appropriate within a community when there is some facility of importance which tends to attract visitors from outside the community e.g. a hotel.

SIGN 506

However, there are some instances where exceptions to this rule can be permitted. The most notable exception would be on the approach to a minor junction with an unnumbered route where the driver merely requires a confirmation that the D-route continues in a straight ahead direction. Sign 506 may also be used in the cars where the Dubai route is of expressway standards and users need to be diverted to an interchange. The sign should be located in a side-mounted position on the right side of the street, up to 160 meters from the junction, with due regard to the position of any other direction signs and any minor side road intersections. When the sign is for a left turn movement from a divided roadway it may be beneficial to locate the sign on the median island, particularly if a U-turn is called for. In this latter case a Type 6 arrow should be used. The Route Emblem displayed on the sign should include the specific number of the Dubai Route being trailblazed.

5.6.6 SUPPLEMENTAL DESTINATION TRAILBLAZER sign 507 A SUPPLEMENTAL DESTINATION TRAILBLAZER sign 507 may be used to carry on a basic supplemental destination message which has already appeared on an ADVANCE SUPPLEMENTAL sign 514 or SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT sign 557. Once a supplemental message has been given by sign 514 or 557, in the form of an approved supplemental symbol plus the name of the facility (see subsection 5. 7.5), subsequent signs at decision points up to the final turn to the facility should be trailblazer sign 507 displaying the relevant symbol only.

(Bm l ~ SIGN 507

The sign should be located in a side-mounted position on the right side of the roadway, up to 160 meters from the junction, with due regard to the position of any other direction signs and any minor side road intersections. When the sign is for a left turn movement from a divided roadway it may be beneficial to locate the sign on the median island, particularly if a U-turn is called for. In this latter case a Type 6 arrow should be used. The use of SUPPLEMENTAL DESTINATION TRAILBLAZER sign 507 shall be subject to the same limitations as placed on the whole Supplemental Sign category ( see Sections 5.4.8, 5.7.5 and 5.8.7). January 2015

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Specifically, priority shall be given to supplemental destinations in Class 1 - Transportation Facilities and Class 2 - Emergency Facilities.

•

The symbol or symbols displayed on the sign should only be approved supplementary destination symbols (see Figure 5-18) which have appeared on one or more preceding ADVANCE SUPPLEMENTAL sign 514 or SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT sign 557. Additional supplemental symbols, or the facility name, shall not be introduced using sign 507 without prior appearance on an appropriate sign 514 or 557.

5.6.7 ARAB MASHREQ ROUTE TRAILBLAZER sign 508 ARAB MASHREQ ROUTE TRAILBLAZER sign 508 may be used to direct drivers from one Emirate Route to another Emirates Route which forms part of an Arab Mashreq Route. This application of a trailblazer sign differs from the norm. However, it fulfills the intended function of trailblazing, albeit of one class of route over another class of route. Sign 508 shall have a blue background and shall use a Type 3 rotated arrow. The sign shall be mounted on the right side of an Emirate Route carriageway in a position which does not clash with other standard guide signs. A suitable position should preferably between 700m and 900m from exit. SIGN 508

•

If space is not available for a ground mounted sign, consideration may be given to include the Arab Mashreq Route Emblem in the sign face of ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 and EXIT DIRECTION sign 552. The background color of sign 508 should be blue or green dependent on the class of road on which the sign is erected.

5.6.8 PARKING TRAILBLAZER sign 509

SIGN 509

PARKING TRAILBLAZER sign 509 may be used locally to direct drivers towards a designated parking garage, parking area or car park. Because sign 509 will only be used at a local level, even though it may appear on a Dubai route, it shall have a white background with a black border and direction arrow. Straight on versions of sign 509 may be used as appropriate to the street access to the parking facility.

At Dubai International Airport, the parking trailblazer may be incorporated into the overhead guide signing.

•

The parking trailblazer may also be incorporated into the overhead guide signing for park and ride facilities and other similar conditions where parking facilities are provided with a dedicated access ramp within a grade-separated interchange.

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5.7

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

At-Grade Junction Signs

5. 7 .1 Types of At-Grade Junction Signs At-grade junctions occur in two basic groups, namely: •

Conventional Junctions between two Emirate or Dubai numbered routes in crossroad, T-junction or roundabout configuration (where warranted the same signing form may be applied to junctions between numbered routes, or junctions between un-numbered streets); and

•

Expressway Directional right-out/right-in connections between expressway class routes (on which the principle junctions are grade separated) and parallel collector-distributor or service streets; (this group includes at-grade exits from expressway class routes and direct access exit/entry at-grade junctions from expressways serving fuel stations).

The following types of guide sign may be specified for use in advance of, at, or within conventional atgrade junctions: •

ADVANCE HORIZONTAL STACK DIRECTION sign (overhead mounted); or

• ADVANCE VERTICAL STACK DIRECTION sign (ground mounted); or •

ADVANCE MAP DIRECTION sign;

•

CHEVRON DIRECTION sign;

•

STREET NAME sign.

The following types of guide sign may be specified for use in advance of or at the exit point to expressway at-grade junctions with parallel collector distributor or service streets or internal community streets: •

EXPRESSWAY GROUND-MOUNTED ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign;

•

EXPRESSWAY GROUND-MOUNTED EXIT DIRECTION sign;

•

EXPRESSWAY SERVICE STREET ENTRY sign.

The destination names displayed on the direction signs on all approaches to the above junction types in these groups shall comprise the relevant straight on, cross or parallel Street Names. District Names shall be included on signs at conventional junctions. Optional guide signs for optional use as noted include: •

ADVANCE SUPPLEMENTAL DIRECTION sign (conventional at-grade junctions);

•

PRE-ADVANCE SUPPLEMENTAL DIRECTION sign (expressway at-grade junctions).

However, certain site specific conditions may require a departure from the parameters and guidelines specified in the following subsections. Such variations can only be implemented with the prior approval of the Roads and Transport Authority.

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•

5.7.2 ADVANCE HORIZONTAL STACK DIRECTION sign 511 5.7.2.1 Function •

To indicate the route numbers, cardinal directions, street names and next District names for each route that can be reached by turning left or right, or continuing ahead;

•

To assist drivers to select the most appropriate lanes for the maneuvers they wish to make at the at-grade junction ahead.

5.7.2.2 Application As overhead signs on routes with traffic volumes and/or number of lanes warranting overhead advance signs as specified in subsection 2.2.4 as follows: •

In advance of signalized at grade intersections;

•

In advance of signalized or un-signalized roundabouts.

•

5. 7 .2.3 Location •

Overhead on gantries; (placed centrally over the roadway);

•

Up to 300 meters in advance of the intersection or roundabout;

•

With due regard to the position of any minor side road intersection;

•

Not less than 175 meters after a previous junction of numbered routes.

5.7.2.4 Display of Information

SIGN 511 The following items are eligible for display on each stack of ADVANCE HORIZONTAL STACK DIRECTION signs: •

Direction Arrow;

•

Route Number Group;

•

Street Names plus next District Name Control Destinations;

•

Trailblazing symbol.

•

These items and their placement are described below: Information relevant for changing direction to the left, going straight ahead, or changing direction to the right shall be displayed in three separate stacks, arranged horizontally from left to right, for a crossroad or roundabout and in two separate stacks for a T-junction. The left turn stack shall always be left most and the right turn stack the rightmost. •

Direction Arrow: Hooked Stack Sign Arrows Type 4 or 5 facing in the appropriate direction shall be displayed in the left and right turn stacks. A Stack Sign Arrow Type 3 pointing upwards shall be placed

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in the on-going movement stack. Arrows may be modified to suit site specific geometric conditions. However, these modifications must be accommodated within the existing height and width parameters of the arrow being modified. Vertical Placement: -

At the top of the sign.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Left Turn and On-going Movement: Left justified in stack;

-

Right Turn: right justified in stack.

Route Number Group: One Route Number Group shall be displayed for each direction of travel for which a route number has been allocated. The Route Number Group shall comprise the Route Number Emblem and the Cardinal Direction for each direction. The Cardinal Direction shall be indicated within brackets, Arabic above English, on the right side of the Route Number Emblem. If a direction does not have a route number the Route Number Group shall comprise the Cardinal Direction only, subject to the use as described in Section 5.3.8.2. Vertical Placement: -

At the top of the sign.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Left Turn and On-going Movement: Centred in stack between arrow and right edge;

-

Right Turn centred in stack between left edge and arrow.

Control Destination: Two control destinations may be displayed, when appropriate, for each direction of travel away from the junction. These control destinations shall comprise the street name in the direction of travel, plus the name of the next District. If an exit route from the junction terminates without entering another District no District Name shall be displayed for that direction. Vertical Placement: -

At the bottom of the sign, with Arabic legend above the English.

Horizontal Placement: -

All Stacks:

Arabic text in the bottom row is right justified on the right side of the sign and English text in the bottom row is left justified on the left edge of the sign. •

Trailblazer symbol: The symbol will be used only on a route that is trailblazed to an Airport, Seaport or similar destination (see Section 5.6.). Placement: -

Normally located on the left side of the Route Number Group in the top row. If a Route Number Emblem is not used the trailblazer symbol shall be located to the left of the Cardinal Direction;

-

The display of a trailblazer symbol shall be subject to a degree of flexibility in order to reduce signface area. In such instances a trailblazer symbol may be placed below the Route Number Emblem.

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•

5.7.3 ADVANCE VERTICAL STACK DIRECTION sign 512 5.7.3.1 Function •

To indicate the route numbers, cardinal directions, street names and next District names for each route, that can be reached by turning left or right, or continuing ahead;

•

To assist drivers to select the most appropriate lanes for the maneuvers they wish to make at the at-grade junction ahead;

•

In advance of intersections where overhead advance signs should be provided but for some reason, cannot be erected.

5.7.3.2 Application As side mounted signs on routes with traffic volumes and/or number of lanes which do not warrant overhead advance sign as specified in Table 5.9 as follows: •

In advance of signalized at grade intersections;

•

In advance of signalized or un-signalized roundabouts;

•

In advance of intersections where overhead advance signs should be provided, but for some reason cannot be erected.

•

5. 7 .3.3 Location •

Ground mounted on the right side of the roadway;

•

Up to 300 meters in advance of the intersection or roundabout;

•

With due regard to the position of any minor side road intersection;

•

Not less than 175 meters after a previous junction of numbered routes.

5.7.3.4 Display of Information

ri

ro':1

~

t (y,:....:.)

JJ~.,.., ~' f.Ju,

•

First AL Khail St

(South)

4... ~ I

('9~) 5~f ~ f.Ju, (East) Nad AL Sheba 5 St

5 ~' ~

( y..;-i,)

f.Ju, ~

(West) Nad AL Sheba 5 St

I

r

SIGN 512 The following items only are eligible for display in each stack of ADVANCE VERTICAL STACK DIRECTION signs: •

Direction Arrow;

•

Route Number Group;

•

Street Names plus next District Name Control Destinations;

•

Trailblazing Symbol where required.

The items and their placement are described below. Information relevant for going straight ahead, changing direction to the left or to the right shall be displayed

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in three separate stacks, arranged vertically, from top to bottom for a crossroad or roundabout and in two separate stacks for a T-junction. The straight stack shall always be uppermost and the right turn stack the lowermost. •

Direction Arrow: A Stack Sign Arrow Type 3 shall be placed in the on-going movement stack. Hooked Stack Sign Arrows Type 4 or 5 facing in the appropriate direction shall be displayed in the left and right turn stacks. Arrows may be modified to suit site specific geometric conditions. However, these modifications must be accommodated within the existing height and width parameters of the arrow being modified. Vertical Placement: -

Centered in each stack.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

On-going and Left turn: Left justified in each stack;

-

Right Turn: Right justified in stack.

Route Number Group: One Route Number Group shall be displayed for each direction of travel. The Route Number Group shall comprise the Route Number Emblem and the Cardinal Direction for each direction. The Cardinal Direction shall be indicated within brackets, Arabic above English, next to or below the Route Number Emblem. If a direction does not have a route number the Route Number Group shall comprise the Cardinal Direction only, subject to the use as described in Section 5.3.8.2. Vertical Placement: -

Centered in each stack.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

On-going and Left turn: justified on Type 3 or Type 4 arrows based on the Route Number Group with the longest cardinal direction (see Figure 5-11 );

-

Right Turn: centre justified with the longest Route Number Group in other stack(s) above.

Control Destination: Two control destinations may be displayed, when appropriate, for each direction of travel away from the junction. These control destinations shall comprise the street name in the direction of travel, plus the name of the next District. If an exit route from the junction terminates without entering another District, no District name shall be displayed for that direction. Vertical Placement: -

Centered in the stack with the Arabic legend above the English.

Horizontal Placement: -

All Stacks

Arabic text is right justified on right turn Stack Sign Arrow Type 5. If the sign does not require a right turn stack, as at a T-junction from the left, the Arabic text should be justified on the right edge of the sign. The English text is left justified on the Route Number Groups. ·•

Trailblazer Symbol: Trailblazer symbols should not be used on this sign type. Separate TRAILBLAZER signs should be used (see Section 5-6).

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•

5.7.4 ADVANCE MAP DIRECTION sign 513 5.7.4.1 Function •

To indicate the route numbers.cardinal directions, street names and next District names for each route, that can be reached by turning left or right, or continuing ahead;

•

To assist drivers in selecting the most appropriate lanes for the maneuvers they wish to make at the at-grade junction ahead.

5.7.4.2 Application As ground-mounted signs, in advance of junctions with non-standard or irregular geometry such as a roundabout which is enlarged into a non-circular shape and/or has more than four exit roadways. This type of sign should only be used in exceptional circumstances and will require a significant side space to accommodate its size.

•

5. 7.4.3 Location •

Ground mounted on the right side of the roadway;

•

Up to 300 meters in advance of the junction;

•

With due regard to the position of any minor side road intersection;

•

Not less than 175 meters after a previous junction of numbered routes.

5.7.4.4 Display of Information

•

SIGN 513 The following items only are eligible for display on ADVANCE MAP DIRECTION signs: •

Map Direction Arrow;

•

Route Number Group;

•

Street Names plus next District Names;

•

Trailblazer Symbol.

The items and their placement are described below. Information relevant to changing direction, or going straight ahead, shall be displayed in line with the pointed arrow legs of the Map Arrow Type 9 representing an exit path from the junction. •

Map Direction Arrow: The map direction arrow Type 9 should represent the shape of the junction as closely as

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practical with one pointed arrow leg for each exit path from the junction, EXCLUDING the reverse part to the direction of entry to the junction. (Although the example illustrated shows a form of roundabout other shapes of map direction arrow may be considered. In such a case the sign design should be customized to a specific map direction arrow shape following the general principles stated for the example - see subsection 5.4.6.7). Vertical Placement: -

At the bottom of the sign.

Horizontal Placement: •

At the middle of the sign between the right and left destinations.

Route Number Group. One Route Number Group shall be displayed for each direction of travel. The Route Number Group shall comprise the Route Number Emblem and the Cardinal Direction for each direction. The Cardinal Direction shall be indicated within brackets, Arabic above English, to the right of the Route Number Emblem. If a direction does not have a route number the Route Number Group shall comprise the Cardinal Direction only, subject to the use as described in Section 5.3.8.2. Vertical and Horizontal Placement: -

•

All movements: centred above the destination text;

Control Destination: Two control destinations shall be displayed, when appropriate, for each direction of travel away from the junction. These control destinations shall comprise the street name in the direction of travel plus the name of the next District. If an exit route from the junction terminates without entering another District no District Name shall be displayed for that direction. The Route Number Group and the Destination text shall be combined into a Destination Group, with the Route Number Group centered over the Destination text. Route Numbers Group may be located horizontally in line with the destination text. The Destination Groups shall be aligned in the best possible manner in line with the centre lines of the exit arrows taking due account of minimum inter-group spacing requirements specified in Volume 2 (see example above). In this manner the overall sign will be close to its minimum functional size.

•

Trailblazer Symbol: Trailblazer symbols shall only be used in accordance with criteria given in Section 5.6. Placement: -

January 2015

To the left and aligned with the Route Number Emblem.

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•

5.7.5 ADVANCE SUPPLEMENTAL DIRECTION sign 514 5.7 .5.1 Function •

To indicate an approved supplemental destination either in addition to standard advance direction signs, or on its own at junctions which do not warrant standard advance direction signs;

•

To assist drivers, unfamiliar with Dubai, in finding their way from a numbered route to the non-control supplemental destination being sought.

5.7.5.2 Application As ground mounted signs on routes in close proximity to the facility indicated on the sign as follows: •

In advance of signalized at grade intersections;

•

In advance of signalized or unsigned roundabouts;

•

In advance of a U-turn.

5. 7 .5.3 Location •

Ground mounted on the right side of the roadway, UNLESS the sign is for a left turn or U-turn movement and the median island is wide enough to safely accommodate the sign, in which case the sign may be located on the left side of the roadway in a one way roadway or dual carriageway;

•

Up to 200 meters in advance of the intersection or roundabout between sign 511 (or 512 or 513) and the junction or up to 200 meters in advance of the U-turn; (as indicated in Figure 5-8);

•

With due regard to the provision of any minor side road intersection.

•

5.7.5.4 Display of Information

,.

I 4..~Lb~~' ~ I l!U I bn Battuta ·

~Lb~~,_.

l!U I bn Battuta · I

r

SIGN 514 The following items only are eligible for display on ADVANCE SUPPLEMENTAL DIRECTION signs: •

Direction Arrow;

•

Approved Supplemental Sign Symbol;

•

Approved Supplemental Destination (as given in Table 5-3).

•

The development of the integrated addressing system for Dubai, covered by this 2nd Edition of the DTCDM, has highlighted a real need to control the amount of directional information provided on guide signs to facilitate driverwayfinding. As a result, information on primary guide signs should be more carefully controlled. In addition, the supplemental information provided by SUPPLEMENTAL DIRECTION signs 514 cannot be sustained at study levels. Supplemental destinations have been reclassified as follows: -

Class 1 - Transportation Facilities;

-

Class 2 - Emergency Facilities;

-

Class 3 - Major Tourist Destinations;

•

Class 4A- Fuel (Motorist Services); -

Page 5-80

Class 48 - Important Service Facilities;

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

-

Class 5 - Commercial Destinations;

-

Class 6 - Other Rural Destinations.

Class 1 and Class 2 facilities will have priority for any available supplemental information sign space and even this availability may be limited in terms of the criteria developed in Section 5.3.5. The items eligible for display and their placement are described below: Information will commonly be displayed in single left or right turn stack signs. Since the function of the sign does not include orientation, only the directions to approved supplemental destinations are signed. If more than one stack is required the stack order shall be the same as for an ADVANCE VERTICAL STACK DIRECTION sign 512. •

Direction Arrow: Hooked Stack Sign Arrows Type 4, 5 or 6 facing in the appropriate direction shall be displayed in the appropriate stack (Stack Sign Arrow Type 3 pointing upwards may be used for an ongoing indication in exceptional circumstance where confusion may otherwise occur). Vertical Placement: -

Centered in each stack.

Horizontal Placement: Left Turn and U-turn: left justified in stack; •

Right Turn: right justified in stack.

Approved Supplemental Sign Symbol: The approved Supplemental Sign Symbol (see Figure 5-13, Detail 5-13.2) shall be used with the name of the facility (subject to eligibility criteria). If more than one facility of the same type exists in one direction, up to two names may be used with one symbol (see Approved Supplemental destination below). Two different symbols, for two different types of supplemental destination, may be displayed with their appropriate names in one stack. Vertical Placement:

•

-

One symbol: centered in each stack;

-

Two symbols: aligned one above the other, centered in the stack so that the spaces between the borders and symbols, and between symbols, are equal;

-

More than two symbols shall be placed as above.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Left Turn and U-turn: Left justified on Stack Sign Arrows Type 4 and Type 6;

-

Right turn: left justified on edge of sign, UNLESS both left and right turn stacks are required in which case both left and right stack symbols shall be left justified on the Stack Sign Arrow Type 4 in the left turn stack.

Approved Supplemental Destination: The destination name, or that part which identifies it as different from some other similar destination, shall be used with an approved Supplemental Sign Symbol. When two facilities of the same type occur in one direction two names may be used with one symbol. If two different types of facility occur in one direction two symbols may be provided within one stack so that one is above the other (see Approved Supplemental Sign Symbol above).

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•

Vertical Placement: -

One Destination: Centered in the stack with the Arabic text above the English text;

-

Two Destinations of the same Type: Centered in the stack with the two Arabic names above the two English names;

-

Two Destinations of Different Types: Each destination centered on the approximate Supplemental Sign Symbol with the Arabic text above the English text for each destination;

-

More than two symbols shall be place as stated above.

Horizontal Placement: -

Left Turn and U-turn: Arabic text right justified on the right edge of the sign; English text left justified on the Supplemental Symbol;

-

Right Turn: Arabic text right justified on the Stack Sign Arrow Type 5; English text left justified on the Supplemental Symbol.

5.7.6 CHEVRON DIRECTION sign 515 5.7.6.1 Function

•

To indicate the route number, cardinal directions, street names and next District names for a route, at the point of turning onto the route (the "action point");

•

To indicate the point of turn towards a supplemental destination;

•

To indicate the point of turn towards a local destination.

•

5.7.6.2 Application

As ground mounted signs as follows: •

For all exit paths from signalized or un-signalized roundabouts;

•

For the left and right turn exit paths from a signalized intersection;

•

For supplemental or local exit paths at major /minor junctions.

5.7 .6.3 Location

•

Ground mounted on the right side of the roadway for all right turn movements;

•

Ground mounted on the far left side of a signalized intersection for left turn movements;

•

Ground mounted on the right side of the roadway for left turn movements without a turning lane and/or for minor intersecting roads;

•

Within the gore area of right turning slip roads.

•

5.7.6.4 Display of Information

~.).J' f.JU ~ AL Thuraya S ~

•

SIGN 515

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

Only the following items are eligible for display on CHEVRON DIRECTION signs: •

Direction Arrow;

•

Route Number Group;

•

Street Names plus next District Names;

•

Supplemental Symbol and Destination;

•

Trailblazer Symbol;

•

Local Destination.

The items and their placement are described below: Information relevant for changing direction to the right or left shall be displayed singly in an individual CHEVRON DIRECTION sign 515. •

Direction Arrow: Chevron Arrows Type 1 or 2 facing in the appropriate direction shall be displayed in left and right turn signs. Vertical Placement: -

Centered on the sign.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Right Turn: Right justified on the sign;

-

Left Turn: Left justified on the sign.

Route Number Group: One Route Number Group shall be displayed when a route number has been allocated. The Route number Group shall comprise the Route Number Emblem and the Cardinal Direction. The Cardinal Direction shall be indicated within brackets, Arabic above English, to the right of the Route Number Emblem. Subject to the content of the full signface message the Cardinal Direction may be placed below the Route Number Emblem to reduce overall sign size. The display of Cardinal Directions is subject to their use as described in Section 5.3.8.2. Vertical Placement: -

Centered on the sign.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Right Turn: Left justified on the left edge of the sign;

-

Left Turn: Left justified on the Chevron Arrow Type 1.

Control Destination: Two control destinations may be displayed, when appropriate, for each direction of travel away from the junction. These control destinations shall comprise the street name in the direction of travel plus the name of the next District. If an exit route from the junction terminates without entering another District no District Name shall be displayed for that direction. When this latter condition occurs it may be appropriate to include the cardinal direction for the exiting street name to assist driver orientation .

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•

Vertical Placement: -

Centered on the sign with the Arabic text above the English text.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Right Turn: Arabic text is right justified on right turn Chevron Arrow Type 2; the English text is left justified on the Route Number Emblem;

-

Left Turn: Arabic text is right justified on right edge of the sign; the English text is left justified on the Route Number Emblem.

Supplemental Symbol and Destinations: Same as for Route Number Group and control destination (see above).

•

Trailblazer Symbol: The symbol may be added to the primary sign or used in a separate CHEVRON DIRECTION sign to trailblaze a turn to an Airport, Seaport or similar destination (see Section 5.6.). When used as a second CHEVRON DIRECTION sign mounted on the same post, the CHEVRON DIRECTION signs may differ in size. Placement:

•

-

To the left of the Route Number Emblem;

-

Centered in the sign when used separately.

•

Local Destination: One local destination or local street name may be displayed if a turning movement does not have a route number or control destination, SUBJECT to the approval of the local destination by the Roads and Transport Authority. Vertical Placement: -

Centered on the sign with the Arabic text above the English text.

Horizontal Placement: -

Right Turn: Arabic text is right justified on right turn Chevron Arrow Type 2; the English text is left justified on the Route Number Emblem;

-

Left Turn: Arabic text is right justified on right edge of the sign; the English text is left justified on the Chevron Arrow Type 1.

•

5.7.7 STREET NAME sign 516 5.7.7.1 Function

•

To assist drivers generally in the navigation process on numbered routes by indicating where they are;

•

To identify specific legs of a junction, particularly for drivers leaving the junction.

5.7.7.2 Application

STREET NAME sign 516 is reserved for use on numbered streets and roads, including expressways and freeways, (community or local street names are catered for by LOCAL STREET NAME sign 592 which is detailed in Section 5.11 ). Sign 516 is used as a ground mounted sign so that all numbered street approaches to an at-grade junction can be identified. When the name of a cross street changes from one side of the intersecting street to the other, two signs shall be provided so that each name is identified on

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the appropriate side of the intersecting street. The street name may be displayed on both sides of the sign subject to mounting requirements. (See Figure 5-14 and detailed junction layouts in Chapter 8.) Sign 516 should also be located on an overhead mounted position on a traffic signal mast arm (Sign 516.1 ). 5.7.7.3 Location

•

Ground mounted within the median of expressways and freeways, sited to be visible to drivers entering these routes at grade separated junctions. Inter-sign spacing in rural areas should not exceed 5 km;

•

Similarly positioned on numbered cross routes intersecting expressways and freeways, to be visible to drivers exiting by off ramps;

•

Ground mounted within the junction, on the median island or other island for all at grade junctions of numbered routes; it is optional to use such signs on un-numbered streets in place of LOCAL STREET NAME sign 592;

•

When placed in the median, sign should be skewed towards oncoming vehicles to allow for greater visibility when median is wide enough;

5.7.7.4 Display of Information

11m

4->l,J' f.JW-

I

~1·

.. '.-:-.tf

.. J """"-:--

c.

~J

~,.,,

t.Jw-

~ ~ AL WasLSt

AL Waha St

w,

11 m ~~ Jlj-' t.Jw- ~ ~ ~ Oud Metha St IJ

Sheikh Zayed Rd SIGN 516

SIGN 516.1

Only the following items are eligible for display on STREET NAME sign 516: •

Route Number Emblem;

•

Street Name (including Road Names used on selected Emirate routes);

•

Chevron Type 1 or Type 2 arrows (only on sign 516.1).

STREET NAME sign 516 is the only non-directional guide sign in this group. The items and their placement are described below. •

Route Number Emblem: One Route Number Emblem shall be displayed when a route number has been allocated. Vertical Placement: -

Centered on the sign.

Horizontal Placement: •

Left justified on the left edge of the sign .

Street Name: The text shall be displayed with the Arabic text above the English text. The STREET NAME sign will be sized from the longer text component. When this is the Arabic text the English name shall left justify on the end of the Arabic name. When the English text is the longer

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component the Arabic text shall be right justified on the end of the English text. Abbreviations in English for Street (St) and Road (Rd) should be used when the length of the English will otherwise exceed the Arabic. All Emirates Routes are allocated the Arabic adjunct "t.JLl" and the English adjunct "Road". On all other streets the Arabic adjunct is "t.JLl" and the English adjunct is "Street. The word "t)....:.i" shall not be abbreviated. Vertical Placement: -

Centered on the sign with the Arabic text above the English text.

Horizontal Placement: -

The Arabic text is right justified on right edge of the sign; the English text is left justified on the Route Number Emblem.

An optional variant of STREET NAME sign, sign 516.1, may be provided in an overhead position on a traffic signal cantilever structure in addition to any STREET NAME sign 516 located conventionally within the junction. STREET NAME sign 516.1 shall include both Type 1 and Type 2 chevron arrows, one on the left and one on the right when the street name is continuous through the junction, and shall be shaped as a double ended chevron sign. In order to minimize the sign size with respect to its overhead mounting, the Route Number Emblem may be omitted if the sign cannot be scaled down to fit on the cantilever mast arm. The text shall be displayed with the Arabic text over the English text.

•

In the event that a street name changes through a junction further variants with single chevron arrows should be specified, sign 516.1A for the left side street name, and 516.1 B for the right side street name.

5.7.8 EXPRESSWAY GROUND MOUNTED ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 517 5.7.8.1 Function •

To provide advance indication of an at-grade exit lane from an expressway to a local street and/or service street;

•

To indicate the number of the exit.

5.7.8.2 Application and Location •

As right side ground mounted signs in advance of at-grade exits from expressways - these exits are commonly of a single lane right-ouUright-in configuration;

•

The nature of such exits is that the exit lane is commonly dropped at the "exit point" and through movement in the lane is not physically possible;

•

Up to 600 meters in advance of the "exit point" (the "exit point" can be considered as the point beyond which a driver cannot legally move to the left out of the exit lane - due to the nature of the exit geometry this regulatory requirement is commonly provided by a section of CHANNELIZING LINE marking 612) - this advance distance should not be less than 400 meters;

•

The location of sign 517 shall take due cognizance of the position of other main line primary guide signs which may be in place for the next grade separated interchange; an absolute minimum distance between signs of 150 meters should be adhered to if at all possible - if such a spacing is not possible the ground mounted sign 517 should be located prior to an adjacent overhead sign support structure; when considering the opening of a new at-grade exit from an expressway the positioning of all primary guide signs shall be reviewed as part of the engineering design for the new junction.

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5.7.8.3 Display of Information

The following items only, areeligiblefordisplayon EXPRESSWAY GROUND MOUNTED ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 517:

___, ~ 41 ~ ~'

tJU,

~

•

Exit Number;

AL Thanyah St , ,

•

Route Number Emblem if applicable;

500m

•

Direction Arrow;

•

Street Name of street accessed at the exit;

•

Distance to Exit Point.

SIGN 517

The items and their placement on the sign are described below.

•

•

Exit Number: The Exit Number is displayed justified on the right side of the separate Exit Number Panel which is mounted on the top right corner of sign 517. The word EXIT in Arabic over English is displayed to the left of the exit number justified on the left side of the panel and centered vertically in the panel. Exit numbers for at-grade and grade-separated junctions with the expressway shall form a continuous number sequence based on KILOMETER MARKER signs 500.

•

Route Number Emblem: When applicable, the Route Number Emblem shall be displayed to the left of the street name and centered vertically.

•

Direction Arrow: A Stack Sign Arrow Type 3R inclined upwards at 45° degrees shall be displayed on the right side of the signs and centered vertically on the Arabic and English text.

•

Street Name: At-grade expressway exits are provided for specific local access and as such do not require orientational destinations. Sign 517 shall display only the single name of the street to which it is providing direction, in Arabic over English, so that the Arabic text is justified on the Direction Arrow and the English text is justified on the left side of the sign or the Route Number Emblem as appropriate. The Arabic and English text shall be located above the distance to the exit point.

•

Distance to Exit Point: The distance to the exit point, given to the nearest 50 meters, shall be displayed in English in the lower left corner of sign 517 justified on the left side of the sign. The distance text shall be located below the street name legend. The distance should be in the range 400 meters to 600 meters determined by the criteria given above in subsection 5.7.8.2.

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5.7.9 EXPRESSWAY GROUND MOUNTED EXIT DIRECTION sign 518

•

5.7.9.1 Function

•

To indicate the location of the at-grade exit point from an expressway to a local street and/ or seNice street;

•

To indicate the number of the exit;

•

To repeat the destination information for the exit that has been shown on the preceding EXPRESSWAY GROUND MOUNTED ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 517, and thereby reassure the driver of the destination seNed.

5.7.9.2 Application and Location

•

As right side ground mounted signs at the "exit point" (the "exit point" can be considered as the point beyond which a driver cannot legally move to the left out of the exit lane- due to the nature of the exit geometry this regulatory requirement is commonly provided by a section of CHANNELIZING LINE marking 612);

•

Sign 518 may be located up to 50 meters before the "exit point" but shall not be positioned beyond the exit point;

•

The nature of such exits is that the exit lane is commonly dropped at the "exit point" and through movement in the lane is not physically possible;

•

Sign 518 will be followed by a GORE EXIT sign 554 located in the physical gore of the exit roadway - signs 518 and 554 may be as much as 150 meters apart subject to the design of the exit lane and the length of CHANNELIZING LINE marking 612 used.

•

5.7 .9.3 Display of Information

~~ 41 EXIT

~' tJ~ "111

AL Thanyah St , , SIGN 518

The following items only, are eligible for display on EXPRESSWAY GROUND MOUNTED EXIT DIRECTION sign 518: •

Exit Number;

•

Route Number Emblem if applicable;

• •

Direction Arrow;

•

Street Name of street accessed at the exit.

The items and their placement on the sign are described below. •

Exit Number: The Exit Number is displayed justified on the right side of the separate Exit Number Panel which is mounted on the top right corner of sign 518. The word EXIT in Arabic over English is displayed to the left of the exit number justified on the left side of the panel and centered vertically in the panel. Exit numbers for at-grade and grade-separated junctions with the expressway shall form a continuous number sequence based on the KILOMETER MARKER signs 500.

•

Route Number Emblem: When applicable, the Route Number Emblem shall be displayed to the left of the Street Name and centered vertically.

•

Direction Arrow: A Stack Sign Arrow Type 3R inclined upwards at 45° shall be displayed on the right side of the signs and centered vertically in the sign .

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Street Name: At-grade expressway exits are provided for specific local access and as such do not require orientational destinations. Sign 518 shall display only the single name of the street to which it is providing direction, in Arabic over English, so that the Arabic text is justified on the Direction Arrow and the English text is justified on the left side of the sign.

5.7.10 EXPRESSWAY SERVICE STREET sign 519 5.7.10.1 Function

•

To provide, on an expressway service street, onward direction to the nearest collector or arterial street which intersects or is parallel to the service street.

5.7.10.2 Application and Location

•

As single stack ground mounted signs, either immediately beyond an at-grade exit gore, or some distance along the expressway service street in advance of a turn into or towards a higher order street;

•

Sign 519 may be located in the physical island separating the roadways of a right-out/right-in at-grade expressway/service street junction. In such a position it will be located on the left of passing drivers;

•

Alternatively sign 519 may be located on the right side of a two way service street or on either side of a one way service street so as to maximize the visibility of the sign and up to 400 meters in advance of an intersecting numbered or unnumbered collector or arterial street, or a turn towards such a parallel street.

5.7.10.3 Display of Information

The following items only, are eligible for display on EXPRESSWAY SERVICE STREET ENTRY sign 519: •

Direction Arrow;

•

Route Number Emblem;

•

Street Name Destination;

•

Distance to a Turn;

•

Trailblazer Symbol.

r;i

L>t~t tJL!. .... AL Waha St I r

500m SIGN 519

The items and their placement are described below: •

Direction Arrow: Subject to the geometry of the at-grade expressway exit and the direction of travel on the service street, any one of Stack Sign Arrow Types 3, 4, 5, or 6 may be used. The Type 3 arrow is only likely to be appropriate inclined upwards at 45°. The arrows may be displayed on the right side or the left side of the sign according to the configuration of the junction to which EXPRESSWAY SERVICE STREET sign 519 refers.

•

Route Number Emblem: One Route Number Emblem shall be displayed when the intersecting or parallel collector or arterial street is a numbered route. The Route Number Emblem shall be followed by the relevant cardinal direction. Since Sign 519 is a single stack, if the intersecting street is not numbered, space shall not be left for a possible future Route Number Emblem.

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Vertical Placement: -

•

Centered on the lines of legend for the Arabic and English Destination name.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Left Turn and U-turn: left justified on Stack Sign Arrow Type 4 or 6.

-

Right Turn: left justified on edge of sign.

Street Name Destination: The street name of the intersecting street shall be displayed as the only destination . A cardinal direction element may be included if the street name exists on both sides of the expressway, or if the junction has been preceded by a U-turn. Vertical Placement: -

Above the Distance to the Turn, subject to the use of a Route Number Emblem/Cardinal Direction and/or a Trailblazer Symbol in which the text will be centered on these symbols. Subject to the length of the street name, the Route Number Emblem/cardinal direction may be located to the left of the street name or above the street name, if needed.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Left Turn and U-turn: Arabic text right justified on the right edge of the sign; English text left justified on the Route Marker Emblem or Trailblazer Symbol (see above);

-

Right Turn: Arabic text right justified on the Stack Sign Arrow Type 3 (inclined) or 5; English text left justified on the Route Marker Emblem or Trailblazer Symbol (see above).

Distance to Turn: The distance to the turn, given to the nearest 50 meters, shall be displayed in English in the lower left corner for right turns, and the lower right corner for left turns, justified left or right on the respective edge of the sign.

•

Trailblazer Symbol: A trailblazer symbol may be added to Sign 519 for a turn towards a transport facility or emergency service. Placement: -

Centered on the lines of legend for the Arabic and English Destination name;

-

To the left of the Route Number.

•

5.7.11 Pre-Advance Supplemental Direction sign 520 5.7.11.1 Function

•

To provide advance indication of a dedicated at-grade exit lane from an expressway to a fuel service station.

5.7.11.2Application and Location

•

As right side ground mounted signs in advance of an at-grade exit from expressways specifically to a fuel service station - these are commonly of a single lane right-out I right-in configuration;

•

The nature of such exits is commonly that the exit lane is dropped at the "exit point" and through movement in the lane is not physically possible;

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•

Up to 600 meters in advance of the "exit point" (the "exit point" can be considered as the point beyond which a driver cannot legally move to the left out of the exit lane - due to the nature of the exit geometry this regulatory requirement is normally provided by a section of CHANNELIZING LINE, marking 612) - this advance distance should not be less than 400 meters;

•

The location of sign 520 shall take due cognizance of the position of other main line primary guide signs which may be in place for the next grade separated interchange; an absolute minimum distance between signs of 150 meters should be adhered to if at all possible - if such a spacing is not possible sign 520 should be located prior to an adjacent overhead sign support structure; when considering the development of a new fuel service station from an expressway the positioning of existing or planned primary guide signs shall be reviewed as part of the engineering design for the new exit.

5.7.11.JDisplay of Information The following items only, are eligible for display on ADVANCE SUPPLEMENTAL DIRECTION sign 520: •

Direction Arrow;

•

Supplemental Guide Sign Symbol;

•

Distance to Exit Point.

SIGN 520

The items and their placement on the sign are described below: •

Direction Arrow: A Stack Sign Arrows Type 3R inclined upwards at 45° shall be displayed on the right side of the sign and centred vertically on the Supplementary Guide Sign Symbol and /or Arabic and English text.

•

Supplemental Guide Sign Symbol: This type of sign is appropriate to a dedicated exit serving one supplemental destination. The most likely application is for a fuel service station. In such an instance the Fuel symbol only shall be located left justified at the top of the sign. Whilst not common this type of exit configuration may occur to other types of supplemental destination, in which event the appropriate supplemental symbol shall be used.

•

Distance to Exit Point: The distance to the exit point, given to the nearest 50 meters, shall be displayed in English in the lower left corner of sign 520 justified to the left side of the sign. The distance text shall be located below the Fuel, or other, symbol. The distance should be in the range of 400 meters to 600 meters in an urban environment and preferably 600 meters to 800 meters in a rural Environmental.

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5.8

Grade Separated Junction Signs

•

5.8.1 Types of Grade Separated Junction Signs The following types of guide sign may be specified for use on the free flowing roadway of a grade separated junction, both on an Emirates route and a Dubai Route: •

EXIT SEQUENCE sign;

•

ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign;

•

EXIT DIRECTION sign;

•

ON-GOING DIRECTION sign;

•

GORE EXIT sign;

•

SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT sign.

A grade separated junction may occur between two routes which have one of the following characteristics: •

Both routes have full access control and all elements of the junction are free-flowing and grade separated - such a junction between two such freeways does not give access to the at -grade street network and is termed a "systems" interchange;

•

Both routes have full access control and all elements of the junction are free-flowing and grade separated but a specific ramp or ramps give access to the at-grade street network or large volume parking structures at shopping malls, or transport terminals - such a junction may be termed a "systems-access" interchange;

•

One route is a freeway with full access control or an expressway with partial access control and the other is essentially an at-grade road (although it may have occasional grade separated junctions) with only limited access control - such a junction is termed an "access" interchange allowing connection between the at-grade street network and a freeway/ expressway, and vice versa;

•

Both routes are essentially at-grade routes with limited access control but have selected grade separated junctions to improve junction capacity.

All direction signs provided on the approaches to any grade separated interchange shall be of the type described in this section, including all signs provided on main line freeway or expressway ramps and any secondary free flow ramp junctions resulting from the specific interchange geometry. Any direction sign for all off - and - on ramps shall also conform to the provisions of this section. In limited instances, at-grade direction signs as detailed in section 5.7, may be provided for at-grade connections from interchange ramps to a local community street network, including service streets. Atgrade direction signs as detailed in section 5. 7 may also be provided within an interchange if one or more of the major movements are grade separated, but other movements like turning movements are at-grade. At-grade direction signs as detailed in section 5. 7 may also be provided within an interchange when a specific combination of horizontal and vertical alignment of a roadway reduces the effectiveness of the standard direction sign provided in accordance with this section. All free flowing roadways approaching a grade separated interchange up to and including the exit ramp gore area shall be provided with at least one of each of the above sign types with the exception of the SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT sign which is optional.

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5.8.2 EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550 5.8.2.1 Function •

To provide early advance indication of streets served by the next two or three numbered exits from an expressway or freeway with five or more lanes per carriageway;

•

To provide this information sufficiently far in advance of the first indicated exit that will permit drivers to change five or six lanes in time to safely exit at the chosen point.

5.8.2.2 Application •

Overhead on gantries well in advance of exit lanes for all numbered at-grade and gradeseparated junctions with expressways and freeways;

•

On carriageways of expressways and freeways with five or more lanes in the general cross section (excluding extra auxiliary or exit lanes added from time to time);

•

Sign 550 is exit specific rather than lane specific and contains no arrows; as a result the sign shall be centered over the carriageway;

•

The normal application identifies the next three numbered exits by street name and distance; this may be reduced to two exits subject to junction spacing (see subsection 5.8.2.3);

•

Exits are ordered from top to bottom on the sign in individual stacks in order from nearest to farthest;

•

EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550 is designed for use on limited access roadways where the exits are closely spaced and should only be used in cases where the necessary signing for a particular exit by standard means, infringes on the signing for preceding exits.

5.8.2.3 Location •

Up to two kilometers in advance of the closest exit shown in the top row of the sign;

•

Signs should be provided at regular spacings such that destination roll-up exist from one sign occurs to the next EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550; (actual sign spacings shall depend on suitable locations for sign 550).

5.8.2.4 Display of Information The following items are eligible for display in each stack of EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550: •

Route Number Emblem;

•

Street Name exit destinations;

•

Distance to Exit.

The items and their placement are described below. Information, relevant to creating early exit distance awareness among drivers, is displayed in two or three vertical stacks on EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550, referring to the next two or three exits, and arranged horizontally from left to right in each stack. •

Route Number Emblem: Only the Route Number Emblem of the route accessed directly from the exit ramp shall be displayed for each stack. One route number only shall be displayed if the route reached directly has the same number on both sides of the interchange. If the route reached directly has different route numbers on each side of the interchange, and both can be reached from the exit ramp, then both Route Number Emblems shall be displayed.

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If the exit displayed in a stack does not serve a numbered route the space occupied normally by a Route Number Emblem shall be left blank and the height of the stack will be dictated by the legend in the stack and not by a Route Number Emblem dimension.

•

Vertical Placement: -

Each Route Number Emblem shall be located centrally in the stack;

-

If two route emblems are required in one stack they shall be located one above the other so that the right route number is over the left route number;

-

If a cross street name changes through the interchange but the route number is common for both names, the Route Number Emblem shall be centered in the stack on the two street names.

Horizontal Placement: -

•

Left justified on the left edge of the sign.

FIGURE 5-15: - EXIT SEQUENCE SIGN 550

[iii

Garn AL Sabkha St 2.0 km

~I ~~

lbn Battuta St

3.6 km

.4..6~ ~! t.;Ll,,

AL TahLia St

5.7 km

~I t.;Ll

Umm AL Sheif St 1.0 km ~I

~

AL Manara St

AL Marabea' St AL Thanyah St

•

t.;Ll,,

3.0 km 5.0 km

r)

t.;WJ

C:;.;G.o.JI t.;Ll,, ~l..,r+II t.;Ll,,

~I tJLl,,

Street Name Destinations: EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550 displays the street name destinations of the next three numbered exits. These exits may be at-grade, or grade-separated exits, in order as they occur to drivers proceeding along the route. On expressway or freeway roads with five or six carriageways at-grade exits have a sequence of three guide signs comprising sign 500 (overhead mounted) and signs 517 and 518 (ground mounted), all of which display only street name control destinations. Similarly for grade-separated interchanges EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550 is the first sign in a sequence of four guide signs which impart information to drivers pertaining to expressway and freeway exits. This level of message repetition is necessary in order to create sufficient awareness of the exits and give drivers time to move across five or more lanes in order to exit. The subsequent three signs in this sequence, namely signs 551 (x2) and 552, display full control destination information comprising the cardinal direction and the same street names as sign 500. The street name destinations, in Arabic and English are placed in line in each stack (and not one above the other as is common on other guide signs). If a street name changes through an interchange both street names shall appear in the appropriate stack, one above the other, in Arabic and English. The right turn name shall be above the left turn name.

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Vertical Placement: -

Centrally in the stack.

Horizontal Placement:

•

-

Arabic text shall be right justified on the right side of the sign;

-

English text shall be left justified on the Route Number Emblem (if the destination does not have a route number the English text shall be justified vertically across stacks containing English text in a stack which has a Route Number Emblem).

Distance to Exit: The distance from the sign to each exit is given in kilometers to the nearest half kilometer, rounded down i.e. if the distance from the sign to the exit point is 3450 meters the distance displayed shall be "3.0 km". Vertical Placement: -

Centered in the stack.

Horizontal Placement: -

The longest distance, inclusive of its abbreviation "km" shall be right justified on the longest Arabic legend across stacks vertically; Other distances shall be left justified vertically on the longest distance.

5.8.3 ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 5.8.3.1 Function

•

•

To provide advance indication of destinations served by an exit ramp at the interchange or grade separated intersection ahead;

•

To indicate the lane or lanes that should be followed to reach the exit ramp

5.8.3.2 Application and Location •

Overhead on gantries or cantilever supports in advance of single lane and multiple lane exit ramps, each with or without lane drops at an interchange or grade separated intersection;

•

On carriageways of freeways/expressways in advance of exit ramps, connecting with other freeways/expressways (systems interchanges) or with arterial streets (access interchanges) to provide the following sequence of signs:

•

-

Extra Forward ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 for interchanges where the approach consists of more than four lanes. This provides the extra weaving time required for the additional lanes; where exits are closely spaced and the use of this sign will infringe on the signing sequence of the preceding exit, then Extra Forward ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 shall be replaced by EXIT SEQUENCE sign 550; Recommended range: 1800 meters to 2300 meters;

-

Forward ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 for all freeway/expressway exits, at 1000 meters to 1200 meters;

-

ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 for all freeway/expressway exits, at 500 meters in advance of the theoretical gore; Recommended range: 400 meters to 600 meters.

On carriageways of arterial roads, approaching exit ramps to other roads at grade separated intersections, to provide the following sequence of signs:

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ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551: (optional but recommended for posted speeds of less than 80 km/hour, mandatory for posted speeds of 80 km/hour or higher); at 500 meters in advance of the exit nose. Permissible range: 250 meters to 600 meters provided that the sign 551 is at least 200 meters from the EXIT DIRECTION sign 552;

•

Figure 5-16 illustrates examples of ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551. The ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign must extend over the exit lanes to which it refers. Downward pointing arrows indicate the lanes to be followed in order to exit the roadway over which they are displayed;

•

Detail 5-16.1 shows ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION signs which would be required when the intersecting street name changes through the interchange. The exit, as shown on the blue sign, has two lanes, which if followed will result in drivers approaching the two green signs. Cardinal directions are added to the common route number and the name of the next District is added to the street name for each turn direction ahead. In this example avoiding the use of the cardinal directions until the ramp junction reduces the size of the blue ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign; when introduced to the green ramp ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION signs the cardinal directions are located below the Route Number Emblems as this suits the layout of the required destination information (see other alternatives below);

•

Detail 5-16.2 includes two pairs of ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION signs appropriate to two direct exit points, one closely followed by the other. In this case, from the first pair of signs, the cardinal directions are included with the Route Number Emblems immediately because the orientation given by this information is required in order to choose the correct exit from the expressway. The first pair of signs can be considered as "Extra Forward" ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION signs since they are located 1400 meters and 1600 meters in advance of the two exits. In this example the cardinal directions are located to the right of the Route Number Emblem, and the whole Route Number Group is located above the destination text, as this best suits the specific destination information for these signs. Extra information is added at 500 meters from exit 508 in the form of a brown insert panel indicating a major shopping mall and the airport symbol for Dubai International Airport;

•

Detail 5-16.3 shows a similar dual exit display but in this example the two exits serve different exit routes as is indicated by the different and consecutive exit number, 568 and 55. The ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign for exit 568 has a similar signface detail to the previous example. However, the sign for exit 55 serves three different routes each with a different cardinal direction and street name. In this case the most efficient layout places the Route Number Emblems vertically one above the other, with the cardinal direction for each to the right of the emblem;

•

Detail 5-16.4 gives yet another acceptable variation on the placement of the cardinal directions such that one Route Number Emblem has the cardinal direction to the right and the other has it below the emblem. This is again the most efficient layout for the specific information as this sign;

•

Detail 5-16.5 shows how, although very similar to the first pair of signs in Detail 5-16.2, by virtue of the short destination names and the use of "1.6 km" instead of "1600 m" the sign size is reduced. (The preferential display for the distance is in meters for distances up to 1000 m and in kilometers with one decimal when in excess of 1000 m) .

•

Detail 5-16.6 shows an example of an ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign leading to route without a route number which therefore displays the cardinal direction to the left of the destination name;

In Details 5-16.1 and 5-16.2, the left hand lane has a downward pointing arrow indicating the lane to be used for the exit. However, there is no white lane drop panel indicating "EXIT" for this lane. The absence of the lane drop "EXIT" panel means that the lane is a shared lane serving the on-going destination as well as the exit destinations. The lane in fact forms part of the mainline carriageway.

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The fact that a two-lane off-ramp is required indicates that a high volume of traffic will be exiting. The shared lane will need to carry a significant proportion of the exit ramp traffic. The capacity of a two-lane exit ramp is dependent on the number of through vehicles that remain in the shared lane. The fewer through vehicles, the higher is the capacity of the exit ramp. Strangers who do not know that they can stay in an optional lane to reach on-going destinations may move out of the shared lane into a lane indicated for on-going destinations. However, most regular users of the interchange will know that it is not mandatory for them to move out of the shared lane. The regular users will make up the greatest proportion of users. In general terms the examples in Figure 5-16 show that there is considerable scope to vary the way in which elements of the information may be displayed. This scope has been utilised to keep signface areas controlled to an efficient end product. 5.8.3.3 Display of Information All information relating to routes and destinations displayed on a subsequent EXIT DIRECTION sign 552 shall be displayed on the preceding ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign(s) 551. No destinations or routes that are additional to those displayed on the EXIT DIRECTION sign shall be displayed on the ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign(s). The following items only, are eligible for display on ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION signs 552:

•

•

Exit Number;

•

Downward Pointing Arrow Type 7;

•

Route Number Emblem;

•

Cardinal Directions;

•

Street Names plus next District Name Control Destinations;

•

Airport or Seaport Symbol;

•

Distance to Exit;

•

Lane Drop "EXIT" panel.

The policy on the display of each of these items and their placement on the sign are described below, and illustrated in Figure 5-16 . •

Exit Number: The exit number in English is displayed only on Emirate Routes and is not used after exiting the Emirate Route. It is displayed on a separate panel above the main sign on the exit side of the sign (see subsection 5.3.7); For interchanges with two closely spaced successive exits from the main road, each exit shall have separate Advance Exit Direction signs with the relevant destination information. The exits shall have separate but sequential exit numbers, which if closely spaced within the interchange shall use an exit number suffix i.e. 50A and 508.

•

Downward Pointing Arrow: One downward pointing Type 7 arrow shall be displayed for a single lane exit, and two Type 7 arrows shall be displayed for a two-lane exit, as shown in Figure 5-16; If no lane drop occurs at the exit, the arrows shall be white; If one or more lanes are dropped at the exit, the arrows indicating the lanes to be dropped shall be black (see Lane Drop Panel).

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•

Vertical Placement: -

The arrows shall be placed at the bottom of the sign.

Horizontal Placement: •

Each arrow shall be placed over the centerline of the lane to which it refers with a tolerance to the left or right of up 300 millimeters.

Route Number Group: The Route Number Group comprises Route Number Emblem plus the appropriate cardinal direction. When relevant, either element may be displayed as its own. One route number only shall be displayed if the route reached directly has the same route number on both sides of the interchange as shown in Detail 5-16.1. If the route reached directly has different route numbers on each side of the interchange, and both can be reached from the exit ramp, then both route numbers shall be displayed, as shown in Detail 5-16.4. The inclusion of the cardinal direction shall occur when this piece of information is essential in order to make a decision as to which "turning" option to exercise when a choice is presented to drivers. This issue is clearly illustrated if one compares Details 5-16.1 and 5-16.2 (see discussion under 5.8.3.2). The other details in Figure 5-16 show that there is no clear preferred order for the two elements in the Route Number Group to appear. Given all the other signface layout factors, the ability to vary the relative placement of the two elements has the capability to minimise overall signface area.

•

The most common options for placement of the Route Number Group are: -

above the destination text, with the cardinal direction on the right of the Route Number Emblem and the group centered horizontally;

-

to the left of the destination text, with the cardinal direction below the Route Number Emblem and the Group centered vertically in the signface.

For other options dictated by the composition of information on the signface refer to Figure 5-16. •

Control Destinations: Two control destinations shall be displayed, when appropriate. These control destinations shall comprise the street name reached from the exit, plus the name of the next District. If an exit route from the interchange terminates without entering another District no District Name shall be displayed for that direction. When this latter condition occurs and there is no route number it is appropriate to include the cardinal direction for the exiting street to assist driver orientation. Vertical Placement: The Arabic legends shall always be displayed above the English legends as shown in Figure 5-16. When two destinations are related to one route number, the Arabic right-turn destination name shall be immediately below the Arabic left turn destination name. The two English legends shall be similarly displayed, one immediately below the other, and both below the Arabic legends. When two route numbers, with one destination each are displayed, the route number emblem and associated destination legend, for the destination to the left at the exit ramp, shall be above the route number emblem and legend for the destination to the right at the exit ramp.

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Horizontal Placement: The street name and next District name, where applicable shall be displayed adjacent to the associated route number group, to the right of it or below, as shown in Figure 5-16. -

English legend shall be left justified and adjacent to the right edge of the route number group, or the Left side of the sign;

-

Arabic legend shall be right justified. The position of the right justification line shall be the furthest right of the following: •

The longest English word;

•

The longest Arabic word, with its left end adjacent to the route number group, or the left edge of the sign.

When two route numbers are used, the same right justification for the Arabic destinations shall be used for both route numbers, as shown in Details 5-16.3 and 5-16.4. •

Airport Symbol: The Airport symbol may be displayed if the route served by the ramp has the airport as a trailblaze destination. When used, the symbol shall be located to the left of the route number emblem. The aircraft symbol shall be oriented in the direction in which traffic must travel to reach the airport. For the on-going direction the aircraft must "point" upwards. If SAUK or other guide sign transport related symbols are required they shall be treated in the same manner as an airport symbol and located to the left of the airport symbol if both are displayed.

•

Distance to Exit: The distance to the exit shall be displayed as shown in Figure 5-16. When the ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign has been located within the permissible ranges of distances from the exit, specified under 5.8.3.2, above, the nominal distances 500 meters, 1000 meters, 2000 meters should be displayed. If the location falls outside the recommended range the actual distance, to the nearest 100 meters should be displayed. For distances less than 400 meters the actual distance may be rounded to the nearest 50 meters.

•

When two or more successive exits occur at an interchange the signs shall indicate the different distances. If the advance sign is located within the recommended range, the nominal distance should be used for the first exit. The second and subsequent exits should indicate a distance equal to the nominal distance used for the first exit plus the distances from the first exit to the subsequent exits. All distances should be rounded up to the next 100 meters. Vertical Placement: -

Centered approximately on the downward pointing arrow(s) (see Volume 2).

Horizontal Placement: •

On the left side of the sign to the left of the furthest left downward pointing arrow.

Lane Drop "EXIT" Panel: If a lane on a mainline carriageway will be dropped at an exit ramp, a white "EXIT" panel shall be displayed, as shown in Details 5-16.1, 5-16.2, 5-16.3, 5-16.4, and 5-16.6.

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The Arabic and English word "EXIT" should be displayed adjacent to, and to the right of a single arrow, with the Arabic above the English, both centered approximately vertically in the panel (see Volume 2). When two lanes are dropped at the exit the "EXIT" panel extends for the full width of the sign. In such a case the word "EXIT" in Arabic and English may be displayed centrally between the two downward pointing arrows. The panel is placed at the bottom of the sign and covers the space occupied by the relevant downward pointing arrows(s), which shall be black. The white panel extends over the lane or lanes to be dropped, from the edge of the sign to a point above the lane line remote from the edge of the sign. White sign borders adjacent to the panel shall be incorporated into the panel.

• • •

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Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

FIGURE 5-16: -ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION SIGN 551

ro:1

~

~~' f.Jw,

ro:1 w'~'

f..Jw, u.,~, -~,~ ~

~'.J4:H~

ro:1 ~

( J.,,_.;,) Al Meydan St

t.,w,

~ Al Ha~iqa St

'~

( Y~) Al Hadiqa St

(East) Hadaeq d B"n Rashid Mohamme 1

Al Meydan St

~~' f.Jw,

(West) Jumeira

2oom+

+soom

i::~

EXIT

Detail 5-16.1

~::~ fi>';l ( J.,,...;,) ~ ( y~)

LZ!J (East)

'='"'l+f' .>S'~'

~50A

ro.:l (y~) l1!J (West)

l1!J (West)

~' t.Jw,

f.Jw, ~' t.Jw,

Financial Center St

1600m

Al Safa St

Al Safa St

'+1400m

300m+i::txi'T

Detail 5-16.2

l&HffiJ: ~55

ro:l ( y~) JJ~'t,

~' f..Jw,

~ (South) First Al Khail St

m ro:i (y~) M

11§.J (West)

r'f1i (J~)

l§.§J (East) ·~ ~~ t.Jw,

~' ~'.) ~' t.Jl..,j, Oud Metha Rd

Sheikh Rashid St

AlAin

ro:1 (J.,,...;,) ro:i ~

~1· . ~ ....~.11 ~ -"'~ - "--~

..

( J~) Sheikh Khalifa (North)

••

••

Detail 5-16.3

'-.)

w,

Bin Zayed St

~

Detail 5-16.4

'

Detail 5-16.5

January 2015

~till ~ j t.Jw,

~ (East) 2nd Zaa'beel St

~ t...r:' t.Jw, Burj Khalifa St

Detail 5-16.6

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•

5.8.4 EXIT DIRECTION sign 552 5.8.4.1 Function •

To indicate the location of the exit ramp at an interchange or grade separated intersection;

•

To indicate by an arrow configuration the direction of the exit;

•

To repeat the destination information that has been shown on the preceding advance exit direction signs 551, for the exit, and thereby reassure the driver of the destination(s) served.

5.8.4.2 Application •

At single lane and multiple lane exit ramps, each with or without lane drops, at interchanges or grade separated intersections;

•

On carriageways of freeways/expressways, at exit ramps, connecting with other freeways/ expressways (systems interchanges) or with arterial roads or streets (access interchanges);

•

On carriageways of grade separated arterial roads at exit ramps to other roads;

•

Figure 5-17 shows layouts for typical applications of EXIT DIRECTION sign 552; the EXIT DIRECTION sign must extended over the exit lanes. Upward pointing arrows shall be slanted (normally to the right) to emphasize the change of alignment. The interchange exit numbers must be located over the signs as shown in Details 5-17.1 to 5-17.3;

•

For a single lane exit, the sign must display the destination information for the route it is leading on to; if the single lane exit serves both directions of the intersecting crossroad, and each direction has a different route number, the sign shall display the route number emblems for both direction as shown in Details 5-17.4 and 5-17.7;

•

If a two lane exit serves both directions on the intersecting crossroad, destination information for both directions shall be displayed, as shown in Details 5-17.1, 5-17.4 and 5-17.7;

•

When a two-lane exit ramp separates into two roadways for different directions within 500 meters after the exit gore, then two separate signs should be used, one for each lane: the left-hand sign must display the destination information for the left-hand branch road; the right-hand sign must display the destination information for the right-hand branch;

•

When a grade separated junction is provided on a Dubai Route an EXIT DIRECTION sign 552, following the same basic principles as described above but omitting the exit number, should be as shown in Detail 5-17.6;

•

When a lane on the approaching carriageway ends and becomes the exit ramp ( a lane drop), a white panel with the message "EXIT" shall be displayed at the bottom of the sign over the lane or lanes that are dropped, as shown in Details 5-17.1 to 5-17.6.

• •

5.8.4.3 Location •

At the theoretical gore, up to 50 meters after the theoretical gore, or up to 100 meters in advance of the theoretical gore provided that the exit lane or lanes have been developed to full lane width;

•

The sign shall be mounted overhead over the exit lane or lanes, on gantries or cantilever supports.

5.8.4.4 Display of Information All information relating to routes and destinations displayed on the preceedingADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 shall be displayed on the subsequent EXIT DIRECTION signs 552. No destinations or routes that are additional to those displayed on the ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION signs shall be displayed on the EXIT DIRECTION signs.

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The following items only, are eligible for display on EXIT DIRECTION sign 552. •

Exit Number;

•

Upward Pointing Arrow Type 8 (inclined in the direction of the exit ramp);

•

Route Number Emblem;

•

Cardinal Directions;

•

Street Names plus next District Name Control Destinations;

•

Airport Symbol;

•

Lane Drop "Exit" Panel.

The policy on the display of each of these items and their placement on the sign is described below, and illustrated in Figure 5-17. •

Exit Number: The exit number in English is displayed only on Emirate Routes and is not used after exiting the Emirate Route. It is displayed on a separate panel above the main sign on the exit side of the sign (see subsection 5-3. 7).

•

Upward Pointing Arrow: One upward pointing arrow Type 8 shall be displayed for a single lane exit and two Type 8 arrows shall be displayed for a two- lane exit, as shown in Figure 5-17. The arrows shall be slanted to represent the direction of the exit ramp (normally at 45° to the right of vertical). If no lane drop occurs at the exit, the arrows shall be white. The number of lanes at the exit is determined by the mainline lanes from which it is possible to directly exit the mainline, not the number of lanes on the off ramp that develop after the theoretical gore. If one or more lanes are dropped at the exit, the arrows indicating the lanes to be dropped shall be black. (see Lane Drop EXIT Panel) .

•

Vertical Placement: -

The arrows shall be placed at the bottom of the sign (see Lane Drop "EXIT" Panel).

Horizontal Placement: •

Each arrow shall be placed over the centerline of the lane to which it refers with a tolerance to the left or right of up to 300 millimeters.

Route Number Group: The Route Number Group comprises a Route Number Emblem plus the appropriate cardinal direction. When relevant, either element may be displayed on its own. One route number only shall be displayed if the route reached directly has the same route number on both sides of the interchange, as shown in Detail 5-17.1. If the route reached directly has different route numbers on each side of the interchange, and both can be reached from the exit ramp, then both route numbers shall be displayed, as show in Details 5-17.4 and 5-17.7. The inclusion of the cardinal direction shall occur when this piece of information is essential in order to make a decision as to which "turning" option to exercise when a choice is presented to drivers. Figure 5-17 shows that there is no clear preferred order for the two elements in

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the Route Number Group to appear. Given all the other signface layout factors, the ability to vary the relative placement of the two elements has the capability to minimise overall signface area.

•

The most common options for placement of the Route Number Group are: •

Above the destination text, with the cardinal direction on the right of the Route Number Emblem and the Group centred horizontally;

•

To the left of the destination text, with the cardinal direction below the Route Number Emblem and the Group centred vertically in the signface.

For the other options dictated by the composition of information on the signface refer to Figure 5-17. •

Control Destinations: Two control destinations shall be displayed, when appropriate. These control destinations shall comprise the street name reached from the exit, plus the name of the next District. If an exit route from the interchange terminates without entering another District no District Name shall be displayed for that direction. When this latter condition occurs and there is no route number it is appropriate to include the cardinal direction for the exiting street to assist driver orientation.

•

Vertical Placement: The Arabic legends shall always be displayed above the English legends as shown in Figure 5-17. When two destinations are related to one route number, the Arabic right turn destination name shall be immediately below the Arabic left turn destination name. The two English legends shall be similarly displayed , one immediately below the other, and both below the Arabic legends. When two route numbers, with one destination each are displayed, the route number emblem and associated destination legends for the destination to the left at the exit ramp, shall be above the route number emblem and legend for the destination to the right at the exit ramp. Horizontal Placement: The street name and next District name, where applicable, shall be displayed adjacent to the associated route number group, to the right of it or below it, as shown in Figure 5-17. -

English legend shall be left justified and adjacent to the right edge of the route number group, or the left edge of the sign;.

-

Arabic legend shall be right justified. The position of the right justification line shall be the furthest right of the following: •

The longest English word;

•

The longest Arabic word, with its left end adjacent to the route number group, or the left edge of the sign.

•

When two route numbers are used, the same right justification for the Arabic destinations shall be used for both route numbers, as shown in Details 5-17.4 and 5-17.7. •

Airport symbol: The Airport symbol may be displayed if the route served by the ramp has the airport as a trailblaze destination.

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When used the symbol shall be located to the left of the route number emblem. The aircraft symbol shall be oriented in the direction in which traffic must travel to reach the airport. When the arrow(s) on EXIT DIRECTION signs are slanted at 45° towards the exit ramp, the aircraft shall be slanted at 45° in the same direction, diagonally in its white background panel. If SAUK or another guide sign transport related symbols are required they shall be treated in the same manner as an airport symbol, located to the left of the airport symbol. •

Lane Drop "EXIT" Panel: If a lane on a mainline carriageway will be dropped at an exit ramp, a white "EXIT" panel shall be displayed, as shown in all Figure 5-17 details. The English and Arabic word "EXIT" should be displayed adjacent to and on the right side of a single arrow, with the Arabic above the English both approximately centered vertically on the panel (see Volume 2). When two lanes are dropped at the exit the "EXIT" panel extends for the full width of the sign. In such a case the word "EXIT" in Arabic and English may be displayed centrally between the two upward pointing arrows. The panel is placed at the bottom of the sign and covers the space occupied by the relevant upward pointing arrow(s), which shall be black. The white panel extends over the lane or lanes to be dropped, from the edge of the sign to a point above the lane line remote from the edge of the sign. White sign borders adjacent to the panel shall be incorporated into the panel. Specific attention should be given to the number of arrows whenever Exit Direction sign 552 and an ONGOING DIRECTION sign 553 are located side by side. The number of lanes indicated in the straight ahead direction (ongoing lanes plus shared lanes on the Exit Direction sign) shall not be more than the numbers of lanes downstream of the Ongoing Direction Sign. In such a case the shared lane on the Exit Direction sign should be marked as part of the Lane Drop "EXIT" panel.

•

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•

FIGURE 5-17: EXIT DIRECTION SIGN 552

l&lm ~(y~) (South)

l!!J

~~' f.Jl.,j, c. l.,j, u• '~' '-J

~'. • .-:. " '-J c. l.,j, - J .w '---::---

AL Hadiqa St AL Meydan St

Sheikh Zayed Rd Abu Dhabi

Detail 5-17.1

~~)

Detail 5-17 .2

• Detail 5-17.3

~ ( i.i~) ~~ .>~ f.Jl.,j, ~ (East) Oud Metha Rd

~

( JW)

,.

~.>A ~I f.Jl.,j,

lZ!!J (North) Umm Hurair St Detail 5-17.4

l1!J (East)

~ ( J~)

~1-u~I f.Jl.,j, AL Furssan St

~ ( J~)

~~ .>~ f.Jl.,j,

~ (East)

~WJ

~l~~lf.JU AL Madina AL Tebbia St

~'. • .-:. " '-J c. l.,j, - J .w '---::---

fD:1 L.JOL:!J f.JU l!!J Riyadh St

,.

Sheikh Zayed Rd

Detail 5-17.5

,.

Detail 5-17.6

Oud Metha Rd

~ ( y~) ~' f.Jl.,j, ~ (South) AL KhaiL Rd

Detail 5-17.7

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5.8.5 ON-GOING DIRECTION sign 553 5.8.5.1 Function •

To provide information about the next District name and the control destination that will ultimately be reached by remaining on the mainline carriageway at an interchange or grade separated intersection.

5.8.5.2 Application •

Used on mainline carriageways in conjunction with overhead ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 and overhead EXIT DIRECTION sign 552, at interchanges and grade separated intersections;

•

At simple interchanges it is mandatory to have at least one ON-GOING-DIRECTION sign 553. For complicated interchanges, where a high volume of lane changing will be necessary, a second ON-GOING DIRECTION sign 553 should be applied.

5.8.5.3 Location

•

•

Overhead on gantries;

•

When only one ON-GOING DIRECTION sign 553 is applied, the preferred location is adjacent to the ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551, when used, at around 500 meters from the theoretical gore; the next and most common, most effective location is adjacent to the Forward ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 at 1000 meters from the theoretical gore;

•

For more complicated, or high volume interchanges, two ON-GOING DIRECTION signs 553 may be used; the primary ON-GOING DIRECTION sign 553 shall be placed adjacent to the ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 at around 500 meters or more in advance of the exit. The second shall be at the theoretical gore, adjacent to the EXIT DIRECTION sign 552; needed to ensure that drivers can make a final decision about continuing straight on, or exiting;

•

For interchanges on arterial routes at least one ON-GOING DIRECTION sign 553 shall be applied; the preferred location is adjacent to the ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551.

5.8.5.4 Display of Information The sign shall be positioned over the on-going lanes, and be of sufficient width to display downward pointing arrows over the centers of all on-going lanes, EXCEPT optional exit lanes. The following items are eligible for display: •

Downward Pointing Arrow Type 7;

•

Route Number Emblem;

•

Cardinal Direction;

•

Next District and Control Destination;

•

Airport Symbol.

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The description of these items and their positions on the sign are given below, and illustrated in Figure

•

5-18:

FIGURE 5-18: ON-GOING DIRECTION SIGN 553

•

~ rm(y~) ~ ~ Abu Dhabi~ L!Ll csouth) ~ ~)

JabaLALi

+O +O +O + •

Downward Pointing Arrow: One downward pointing arrow Type 7 shall be displayed over the center of each lane available for through traffic, and which is not designated as a shared lane for exiting traffic (the shared lanes will have an ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 or an EXIT DIRECTION sign 552 over them). It is optional to include regulatory NO GOODS VEHICLES signs 351 adjacent to one or more of the left most downward pointing arrows. If such signs are used they must be used consistently and must be applied with care in advance of left exits. Placement: The arrows shall be located at the bottom of the sign, as shown in Figure 5-18. Horizontally, the arrows shall be located over the center of the lanes concerned, with a tolerance to the left or right of up to 300 millimeters.

•

Route Number Group: The Route Number Group comprises a Route Number Emblem plus the appropriate cardinal direction. Vertical Placement: -

The route number group shall be located centrally to the lines of legend for the Arabic and English destination name associated with the route number as shown on Figure 5-18.

Horizontal Placement: -

The Route number Group shall be centrally located at the top of the sign with the Arabic destination names for the next District and control destination names centred in the space to the left.

If SAUK or other guide sign transport related symbols are required they shall be positioned to the left of the Route Number Group at the top of the sign. This whole group shall then be centred on the sign and the Arabic and English destination names centred in the remaining right and left spaces respectively.

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Control Destination: The destination names eligible for display are the next District name and the control destination, designated for the route, in the direction applying to the subject carriageway. The control destinations for all Emirate routes are specified in Section 5.3.4 (see Table 5-2). In the case of some Emirate Routes, the intermediate destination is Dubai. That destination shall be used until the boundary of the municipal area of Dubai is reached (at that point, a TOWN ENTRY sign 586 indicating the entrance to the municipal area of Dubai should be located). Additional intermediate destinations may at times be required. Such additions may only be implemented with the prior approval of the Road and Transport Authority. Vertical Placement: -

The Arabic legend shall be displayed above the English legend; EXCEPT Where multiple destinations are used, the Arabic legend shall be displayed in a group on the right hand side of the sign, and the English legend shall be displayed in a group on the left hand side of the sign.

Horizontal Placement: The control destination shall be displayed adjacent to the associated route number emblem as shown in Figure 5-18;

•

-

English legend shall be left justified and centred in the space to the left of the route number group;

-

Arabic legend shall be right justified and centred in the space to the right of the route number group.

Airport symbol: The Airport symbol shall be displayed, only if the route has the airport as a control destination, or if it is designated for trailblazing; in accordance with section 5.6.1. The symbol shall be placed to the left of the route number, and vertically centered on it, as shown in Figure 5-18. For the on-going direction the aircraft shall "point" upward.

5.8.6

GORE EXIT signs 554 and 555

5.8.6.1 Function

•

To indicate the physical nose of the exit ramp from the main roadway;

•

To confirm the exit number on Emirate Routes;

•

To indicate the physical nose of a split in a ramp.

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•

5.8.6.2 Application and Location •

At the exit ramps from freeways/expressways and arterial roads at interchanges and grade separated intersections;

•

Where ramps diverge to form two branches within interchanges;

•

Figure 5-19 shows the application at the exit ramp from an emirate route. The exit number is displayed on GORE EXIT sign 554;

•

Figure 5-19 shows the sign for a ramp exit from a C-D road or other exiting ramp conditions within an interchange, and an exit ramp from a Dubai Route; no exit number is displayed on GORE EXIT sign 555.

5.8.6.3 Display of Information FIGURE 5-19: GORE EXIT SIGNS 554-555

•

~~ EXIT

51 SIGN 554

SIGN 555

The following items are eligible for display: •

Exit Number;

•

Upward Pointing Arrow Type 3R;

•

"EXIT" message.

The items eligible for display, and their positions on the signs are described below and illustrated in Figure 5-19. •

Exit number: The exit number shall be displayed on Emirate Routes; No exit number shall be displayed on Dubai Routes. Placement: -

•

In the upper white panel at the lower edge.

Upward Pointing Arrow or Arrows: For exit ramps from the mainline carriageways of Emirate Routes and Dubai Routes, one Type 3R arrow shall be displayed on GORE EXIT signs 554 and 555 respectively rotated in the direction of exiting roadway.

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In the case of a split in the ramp the destinations should be scrutinized to determine the most probable exit direction from the ongoing direction. This should indicate which direction of the arrow should copy the exit direction of the Exit Direction sign; For gores, where a ramp splits into two, a GORE EXIT sign 555 shall be used. Additional exits farther down the ramp towards local streets or service roads shall not be indicated with Gore Exit signs, but with Gore Hazard sign 453.2 instead. •

"EXIT" message The English word "EXIT", with its Arabic translation above shall be centered at the top of the sign and above the Exit Number on sign 554.

5.8.7 SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT sign 557 5.8.7.1 Function •

To provide exit information for supplemental destinations (commonly for tourists) not eligible for inclusion on the main direction signs.

5.8. 7 .2 Application •

For exits from freeways or expressways at interchanges or grade separated intersections.

5.8.7.3 Location

•

•

Normally ground mounted as a stack type sign on the right hand side; may be erected overhead if necessary due to space restrictions or visibility restrictions;

•

At the beginning of the taper for the deceleration lane, or in the case of a lane drop 200 meters to 250 meters in advance of the theoretical gore;

•

On freeways/expressways the sign should be at least 200 meters after the ADVANCE EXIT DIRECTION sign 551 that is located 500 meters in advance of the theoretical gore. If the sign is mounted overhead, it shall be at least 250 meters in advance of the EXIT DIRECTION sign 552. The location shall be thoroughly checked to prevent an overhead SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT sign 557 from obscuring the visibility of the EXIT DIRECTION sign 552. This checking shall include plotting the sign on a plan of the horizontal alignment and on a longitudinal section of the vertical alignment.

5.8.7.4 Display of Information The following items are eligible for display: •

Exit Number;

•

Type 3R arrow;

•

Approved Supplemental Destinations (Symbol and "Primary" or identifying name only).

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The information eligible for display, and its position on the sign is illustrated and described below.

•

SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT SIGN 557

~~25 EXIT

~a,~~'~

U •

I bn Battuta ~ ,

"'

Exit Number: The exit number is displayed only on Emirate Routes. It is displayed in a separate panel above the main panel on the exit side of the sign as shown above.

•

Upward Pointing Arrow: The stack sign Type 3R arrow shall be displayed on the right side of the sign for a right hand exit ramp. The arrow shall be pointing upward, slanted at an angle of 45° in the direction of the exit.

•

•

Approved supplemental symbol and destination: A maximum of two supplemental destinations shall be displayed on any SUPPLEMENTAL EXIT sign 557. More destinations will significantly increase driver workload by providing too much visual information to read and comprehend in the short time available before exiting onto the exit ramp. Only approved symbols illustrated in Figure 5-13 and approved destinations designated in subsection 5.3 are eligible for display. If more than two destinations are eligible for display, the Road & Transport Authority shall decide which two are most important, and only those two shall be displayed. Deviations from these guidelines must be approved by the Road & Transport Authority. Placement: The destinations are displayed as shown above. The symbol shall be displayed on the left side of the sign, with the Arabic and English destination names adjacent to it on the right side . For each destination:

•

English legend shall be left justified and adjacent to the right edge of the associated symbol;

•

Arabic legend shall be right justified; the position of the right justification line shall be the further right of the following: -

The longest English word;

-

The longest Arabic word, with its left end adjacent to the associated symbol.

When two or more supplemental destinations are displayed, the destination to the left of the exit ramp shall be above the destination to the right. If both are in the same direction the closer destination shall be at the top.

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5.9

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

General Information Signs

Many of the signs classified in this group provide additional information to drivers to assist them in their wayfinding and navigational tasks. The signs specifically indicate where drivers are along the way to their destination, either on the basis of how far they still have to go (sign 585) or where they actually are when they see the sign ("You are here!") Section 5.11 deals with similar general information signs which are more specific to final stages of a trip. Also included in this general information section are signs which may provide supplementary information in combination with regulatory or warning signs, including the diagrammatic and high visibility variants of these signs. None of the signs in this group shall in themselves include an arrow or other directional message.

5.9.1 DISTANCE sign 585 5.9.1.1 Function

•

To inform drivers, entering or leaving a city or town, of significant destinations and the corresponding travel distances to them.

5.9.1.2 Application

•

Emirate Entry sign shall be used on Emirate Routes only;

•

Town Entry sign may be used in rural areas at primary entries to a town.

5.9.1.3 Location

•

On the carriageways leading away from Dubai, 500 meters before the city boundary and at approximately twenty kilometer intervals thereafter;

•

Ground mounted on the right hand side of the carriageway;

•

A minimum of 500 meters from any other guide sign, preferably near the midpoint between interchange junctions;

•

Distance Sign 585 functions as a configuration sign and should not be located within an urban area, unless required at a location where E-route make a significant split towards different major destination.

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•

5.9.1.4 Display of Information

SIGN 585

DISTANCE sign 585 may display up to a maximum of three cities or towns. The names of the cities and the distances to them shall be displayed in Arabic and English. The Arabic names of the cities or towns shall be displayed in the upper group on of the sign, and the English names in the lower group at bottom of the sign both below the cardinal direction.

•

The top of each language group shall identify the next significant destination along the route and show the distance to it. The bottom line in a language group shall indicate the name of a control city which has national significance for travelers using the route. This may also be interpreted as a significant city defining the end of the This page intentionally left blank.

route.

If there is a city of commercial or tourist importance between these two destinations, its name may be displayed on the middle line of a language group. Distances to destinations in Arabic shall be located on the left of the sign, and shall be right justified. Distances shall be displayed in kilometers (integers). Arabic destination names shall be right justified based on the longest Arabic or English word being positioned a controlling space to the right of the longest distance displayed. English destination names shall be left justified, on the left of the sign. Distances in English shall be displayed on the right side, right justified. A controlling space shall be provided between the longest English or Arabic word and the longest distance displayed. The sign length will be dictated by the longest English word plus longest distance or the longest Arabic word plus longest distance. The color of this sign shall be blue background with white legend.

5.9.2 EMIRATE or TOWN ENTRY sign 586 5.9.2.1 Function

•

To identify the border of the Dubai Emirate for entering traffic;

•

To identify the outer limits of a city or town so that drivers are aware that they are now entering the town and can no longer expect to see such town name on subsequent direction signs (the name displayed should now become the next town of importance along the route

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in question). 5.9.2.2 Application •

Emirate Entry sign 586 shall be used on Emirate Routes only.

•

Town Entry sign 586 may be used in rural areas at the primary entries to a town.

5.9.2.3 Location •

On carriageways leading to Dubai (or other town as applicable) at the city boundary or within 100 meters beyond the boundary, subject to the presence of other guide signs - the separation from other guide signs shall be a minimum of 200 meters.

5.9.2.4 Display of Information A message such as "Welcome to Dubai" or "Welcome to Hatta" shall be provided in Arabic and English. The legend shall be displayed with the Arabic legend above the English legend, each on single lines. The signs shall be sized from the longer legend. The Arabic legend shall be right justified on the sign and the English legend left justified on the sign. The Emirate or Town emblem may be displayed in full color centrally above the text.

~

GO\'ERJliME1'T OF DUBA I

.

-

~,) ~ ~ • .>"" Welcome to Dubai SIGN 586

The color of this sign shall be white background with black legend.

5.9.3 EMIRATE or TOWN EXIT sign 587 5.9.3.1 Function

•

•

To identify the border of the Dubai Emirate for leaving traffic;

•

To identify the outer limits of a city or town so that drivers are aware they are now leaving the town .

5.9.3.2 Application •

To be used on Emirate Routes only.

5.9.3.3 Location •

On carriageways leading out of Dubai (or other town as applicable) at the city boundary or within 100 meters before the boundary, subject to the presence of other guide signs - the separation from other guide signs shall be a minimum of 200 meters.

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Page 5-115

DTCDM-2"d Edition

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

5.9.3.4 Display of Information

GO\'ERNl\IENT OF Dl 'BAI

~~ OJ~l&.o Leaving Dubai SIGN 587

A message, such as "Leaving Dubai" or "Leaving Hatta" shall be provided in Arabic and English. The legends shall be displayed with the Arabic legend above the English legend, each on single lines. The sign shall be sized from the longer legend. The Arabic legend shall be right justified on the sign and the English legend left justified on the sign. The Emirate or Town emblem may be displayed in full color centrally above the text. The color of this sign shall be white background with black legend.

Provision of this sign on E-Routes is subject to the approval of Roads & Transport Authority.

•

5.9.4 TEXT sign 588 5.9.4.1 Function •

To identify for drivers the name of a bridge, tunnel or other physical feature;

•

To convey a text message of information that cannot otherwise be conveyed with conventional signs.

5.9.4.2 Application •

May be used on any Emirate Route, Dubai Route or any other appropriate local street.

5.9.4.3 Location •

Ground mounted on the right side of the roadway;

•

At a point at or within 50 meters of, the vicinity of the feature being identified whereby the feature identified is obvious;

•

As per applicable requirements for locating guide signs - the separation from other guide signs shall be a minimum of 200 meters.

5.9.4.4 Display of Information Information eligible for display on TEXT sign 588 is a limited text message in Arabic and English.

•

Business Bay Crossing

The legend shall be displayed with the Arabic legend above the English legend. The sign shall be sized from the longer text SIGN 588 component. When this is the Arabic legend the English legend shall be left justified on the end of the Arabic name. When the English legend is the longer component, the Arabic legend shall be right justified on the end of the English legend. The color of this sign shall be white background with black border and legend. When used for temporary messages including those at roadworks, the background shall be yellow.

• Page 5-116

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January 2015

DTCDM - 2"d Edition

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

5.9.5 SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589 5.9.5.1 Function

•

To provide information which supplements the message given on a Regulatory, Warning, Diagrammatic, High Visibility or Roadworks ground mounted primary sign without materially altering the meaning of the sign it supplements;

5.9.5.2 Application

•

To be used as appropriate with ground mounted Regulatory, Warning Diagrammatic, High Visibility or Roadworks primary signs as variously described in Chapters 3, 4 and 7 respectively;

•

Shall not be used other than in combination with a primary sign.

5.9.5.3 Location

•

Always directly below (589.1) and/or above (589.2) the ground mounted primary sign that it is supplementing; they may be incorporated into an enlargement of the primary sign substrate material to make one composite sign, or they may take the form of separate sign plates affixed separately, but to the same post as the primary sign, but shall always be of the same width and material as the sign with which they are to be used.

5.9.5.4 Display of Information

SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589.1 placed below a primary sign, shall display, in Arabic over English or with Arabic to the right and in the same line as English, only information which falls into one of the following categories: •

A text message comprised of up to three words only, such as "School";

•

An advisory speed at which the hazard, fore-warned by the primary sign, can be negotiated, such as "50 km/h" on a roadway which otherwise has a higher speed limit;

•

The distance from the location of the sign to the point where the condition it describes exits, such as "200 m" - the distance to a hazard will not normally be less than 100 m unless warranted by site specific conditions;

•

The distance, beginning at the location of the sign, over which the message of the sign applies i.e. "For 3 km".

6

[ 45 km/hr]

SIGN 589.1 (with Regulatory and Warning Signs)

January 2015

Volume 1

Page 5-117

DTCDM -

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

2nd

Edition

The SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign shall be the same width as the primary sign which it supplements. A SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589.1, placed below a ground mounted primary sign, shall always have a black border and legend. It shall have a white background when used with Regulatory, Warning, Diagrammatic, or High Visibility signs, and a yellow background when used with temporary or roadworks signs; (in the specific case of "School" and any other SUPPLEMENTARY PLATES used with warning signs 426, 427 and 439 the background color shall be fluorescent yellow green);

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For 3 km

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SIGN 589.1 (with Diagrammatic and High Visibility Signs)

A SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589.2, placed above a ground mounted primary sign shall display, in Arabic over English or with Arabic to the right and in the same line as English, only information which falls into one of the following categories: •

A text message such as "Attention" in order to enhance the visibility of the primary sign below;

•

A "Camera" symbol 251 S in black on a white square background, indicating that traffic law enforcement by camera will occur beyond the sign;

•

A "Parking" symbol 2528 in black on a white square background, as general information .

• •

SIGN 589.2 (with Diagrammatic and High Visibility Signs)

Page 5-118

Volume 1

January 2015

DTCDM- 2"d Edition

Chapter 5 - Guide Signs and Addressing

A SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589.2 placed above a ground mounted primary sign shall comply with one of the following color codes: •

When used with an orange background Parking Pay-and-Display sign 383 the SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589.2 shall always have an orange background with black text and border; Guide sign Parking symbol 252S shall be included within the sign 589.2 (subject to the overall size of the sign);

•

When used with a white background Diagrammatic or High Visibility Regulatory or Warning sign (see Section 3.6) the SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE sign 589.2 shall always have a red background with white text and border; Guide sign Camera symbol 251 S may be included in the sign if traffic law enforcement by camera occurs beyond the sign.

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