Diggers at the Well: Proceedings of a Third International Symposium on the Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira (Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah) 9004120025, 9789004120020

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THE SAMUEL SCROLL FROM QUMRAN

STUDIES ON THE TEXTS OF THE DESERT OF JUDAH EDITEDBY

F. GARCiA MARTINEZ

ASSOCIATE EDITOR

P.W FLINT

VOLUME XLIII

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Column IX 1 Sam. 9:16-10:19

m'N' ':> o"n\!.)'!) ''0 'OV nN V'\!.)U" 'OV ,V "l)' mn\!.)r.l1 pn'):ln \!.)'Nil mil ,mv mil" "N\!.) nN ilN' 'Nm\!.), 17"N mpv~ ilN:l ':> 'nv ')V ,nN" "Vil1m:l "N\!.) nN 2Nm\!.) \!.)l" 18'OV 'v '\!.)n' i1T 1"N m,nN '\!.)N ')!)' il'V N'il ':»N ,nN" "N\!.) nN 'Nm\!.) 1V" 19i1N'il n':l ilPN " N) i11'lil nunN,,20 "lN 1:l':l '\!.)N ,:>, ,p:l:l1mn'\!.)' OPil 'OV on':>N' iln:lil n,nn '0" 'N~m ':> Oil' 1:l' nN o\!.)n 'N o'n'i1 n\!.)'\!.) OPil m':lNil 'mpn ':»N 'pn' P N"il ,nN" "N\!.) 1V" 21 1':lN n':l ":>,, l' N"il 'N'\!.)' ',N n':l' iln" pn'):l ''':l\!.) nm!)\!.)n ,,:>n il"V~il mn!)\!.)r.l1 'N'\!.)' ''':l\!.) omn o\!.) Oil' 1n', iln:>\!.)' OW:l', ,'V) nN' "N\!.) nN 'Nm\!.) np', 22ilTi1 ,:l,:> ,:l,:> ilmil nN ilm n:l'" 'Nm\!.) ,nN,,23 \!.)'N O'\!.),\!.):> ilnm O'N'Pil \!.)N':l p'\!,) nN n:l"il 0",24 1nv ilmil nN O'\!.) 1"N m,nN '\!.)N mm '\!.)N ,vm, N':> ":>N ,,)!), o'\!.) 'N\!.»)il mil ,nN" "N\!.) ')!)' O\!.)" ilP'V "",25 N'ilil OP:l 'Nm\!.) OV "N\!.) ':>N" mN'p OVil ,mN' " O\!.), N'P" ,n\!.)il n"v:> 'il" m:>\!.),,26llil 'v "N\!.) OV ,:l," "Vil iln:liln Nm 'N~" "N\!.) o'p" 1n'\!.)N' iln,p ,mN' llil "N\!.) 'N 'Nm\!.) ,mN "N\!.) 'N ,nN 'Nm\!.), "Vil il~P:l O"'P ilnil27il~,nil 'Nm\!.), np,, 1 o'm'N ,:l, nN vn\!.), OP:> ,mv ilnN' 'P)!)' ,,:lV" 'V), mil' 1n\!.)n ':> " ,nN" 'ilP\!.)" '\!.)N' P'~" 1n\!.)il 1!) nN 'Nm\!.) 'N O"V O'\!.»)N il\!.)"\!.) 1'N~r.l1 ',nvn OPil1n:>':l 2"l)' m,m m,:>:> \!.),,\!.) N\!.)U ,nN' O"'l il\!.)"\!.) N\!.)U ,nN 'N n':l o'm,Nil nnp" on, m!)un m\!.) um, o,,\!.), "N\!.),4 1" ':l) N\!.)U ,nN' on, il'i1' ~"n\!')'!)il :l'~) o\!.) '\!.)N o'm'Nil nV:ll 'N N':ln p ,nN 50,'n ':l) Oil')!)" iln:liln 0"'" O'N:l) ':ln nVl!)' "Vil 'N O\!.) 1N:l:> onv n'N:lmm mil' m, iln,~,6 O'N:l)nn ilnm 'u:>, ,',m tpm '\!.)N ,,:> il\!.)V il,Nil nm'Nil m'N:ln ':> il'm 7 ,nN \!.)'N' n:>!)m, "'N "P ':>UN mm 'l'lil ')!)' n",,8 1nV o'm'Nil '2 1" N~nn 'nv,m ,,'N 'N':l 'V ,nm 0'0' nV:l\!.) O'O,\!.) ,":ln m,v n"Vil2 iln:l:l m,v, o'm'iNil " 1!)il" 'Nm\!.) Olm n:>" m:>\!.) ,m!)i1:> 'i1,,9il\!.)vn '\!.)N nN l' ':ln mm ilnV:lm o\!.) 'N:l" IONmil OP:1 il'Nil mnNil ,:> 'N:1'1 ,nN :1, ,mnn 'V,P ,:> 'i1" 110:>m:l N:lm', o'm'N m, P'v n,~m mN'p, O'N:l) iln mv, ,N \!.)'N OVil "nN" N:l') O'N:l)il 1m:l Nm mm 'N'" O,\!.),\!.) 'V Oil':lN '0' ,nN" o\!.)n \!.)'N 1V" 120'N:l):l "N\!.) Olil \!.)'p P' il'i1 i1T ", ,nw, 14ilnn'il N':l" m:lmiln ,:>', 130'N:l):l "N\!.) Olil '\!.)n' iln'i1 p ilN':l)' PN ':> ilN')' nunNil nN \!.)P:l' ,nN" on:>'il 1N "N\!.) 'N "N\!.) ,nN" 16'Nm\!.) l' ,nN iln " N) il"lil "N\!.) ", ,nN" 15'Nm\!.) 'N ,nN '\!.)N " "lil N' il:>"nil ,:l, nN' nunNil 'N~m N':> " "lil "" 'Nm\!.) '):l ,,:> nN il'Vil mil' Oil"N ,nN" 18M~nil ilm' 'N OVil nN 'Nm\!.) PV~,,17 onN' 190:>nN o'~n'il m:>,nnil ,:> ,'r.l1 o',~n ''0 o:>nN ,'~m o',~nn 'N'\!.)' m~

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COLUMNIX

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ColumnXI 1 Sam. 11:11-12:19

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20

,, 0"J"l'l!)'!:l 'J!:lY.l 'N1'1!)' ''I!)JN nm', 'N1'1!)'l omn'J o "J"l'l!)'!:l' I

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10

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15

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25

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20

COLUMN 30

35

Column 31 2 Sam. 1:6-2:4

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30

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35

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COLUMN

31

21

Column 32 2 Sam. 2:5-29

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15

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20

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22

COLUMN

32

35

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15

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25

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30

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uc"c,u g l,C~l ~u .l.~«\ OG,C«\U C,1.l,1. uCl.lll,~ol.l ~c, uoc,L l,OUUl l,Ql.l ~u l.~«\l l,dul ~u l.~«\l l'C,Cl 1.l.L U((l.CU cc, l,C~l CUO UüO c,c,u OG,C«\U lUl~ «\CC ~u UKUl.,OL l,CUl l,GQU l«\Ol OG,C«\U~ l,C,Cl CC, l.olluc~l.U, l.CC lC((CU 0,1l.((C, lU«\~Ul ~OCUl lUtlQ l,U, CUG1U c,tlQ l,GC, UO«\ «\t,O l,U, CC~Ol((U «\~lC, l,ulcul cl «\~lC, (l.,0 ((1. UÜO U1U \7lc"ulcul cl «\~lC, cl tCU l.(C,,0 cl C~l.lU UU«\C c,cc,o,l .l,tl.Ul Utl.U,O (U'C l,U,l «\0

OE

C((tU l«\O U«\t, l.Ct CC, l.OÜ UC~l.U, occ, cc,o,l c, (0 zl«\C, ~C«\'O «\l., (1.l1.,O C,OG,C«\U cl «\~lC, «\0 U~U1. lCl'Z; ,«\l.~c, CCUC,l jl'«\O(( OG,C«\U cl «\~lC, c, ou ~CCl. CUCl.Ü l,l.Gl ,1.,l

~z

u~c,u CC, Kl.l,U ,«\c,o ,UlU C,((l((\U Ul.((U Cl.((Ul U,lO U1U C'«\l.~Z;-6.lC' ~cc, UÜO 1.l1. lO«\lU lU~C«\,O cl Cl. gt l,~Ol. uoc,L ~c, ((C1.,lUC,l~ U1.((l C, «\l. l(UC, CGc,

m,r

,«\l.~c, C,lO UUl~ C, c,~ U'U oluoc,L 'Z;uo,u ~u ~CCl. CClC, ~«\l. ((ä\iTiJoc,L c,GC, ClC, U((QL.G'1.((l ClC, U((O lCl2;'

OZ

~C\((O c,uo ~lCC, O~lOU 9.lCC, U((O UC,l.l l"C\C C((,C'UO 1.l,1. C,C\Oll. ~«\U c" U~C,lU,O lCU ,Q,G c, ~o ""'c,G~'-::c::-:-~~U«\=(=0-0:'"«\ ((C"l SEl,tl~ cc, U((O C,UCl.lU ~u 1.l,1. c,uo C((l1. UÜO l,«\C((

CCU«\U'O c,~ U( «\ cccc, c,GC, CC, ((lC,U CGC,U l,QGl cc, C,CClU UCOlU CCC, ,alU ~CCl. \7E~U ,1.,L c,~ ~Qll.lU tld,o ll.(c"L ~c, dcl. ~CCl. l,CCl cc, U((O EEl,dcluoc,L 1.l,1. ((C, ~CCl. l,~Ol.

~I

Zt l,dCl.l ~u ~CCl. CUCl.ll l,«\~ uoc,L dlC,l l,cL lU(l.l «\d,o lQGU c,GC, ~CCl. luoc,L 1.l,1. ulc,L ~Ul., UOC\U j tl'~Ol. 1.l,1. ~~ l~C, ClC, L!((C ~«\l. ~Ul al.((l C(1.,CO

oI

~u ((((\U~C, ~u'uo C(t((ll coc,uou tuI:t"TUQl. c,uo OE~C ~,«\, C\(('::7tl-C,:-:-~=c=Cl.~((C, ~«\l. UO'U

C,U ,l~C lC,~ ,Cl.U OC,U Ü~C lC lOKl.(( lOU1,d CGc,L ltlGc, 0((0 ,UlU ((1. ((lC,O l1.0 ~CCl. Cl. 6z,UlC, ((C, l.~«\ Ü~C l((C, ClC, ((((\~C, ~U'Ul8Z~(( U,1. l,U, O~Ul., ~l h~Ol. cd, ~c, lOOC,CU, ~c, ulL U«\((l. c,1.Cl. ~Ul C«\C" l,CUl «\0 ((1. UUO«\ l,OlU C1.0 OCll. UQ,l.U lU,1. c,~ ,1.(( al,«\lC ~cci: UCl.lCU l,C\Ul ,l~C

~

9Zl'K~ ,l~C

0((0 1.l,1. l,«\C,U oc,~c,o ~Ul., ~CCl. l,«\,Cl ~lUl

ClC, ~«\l. ~uu «l«\U ~CCl. c, uc,GuluL C~ lC,1.((U ~u OlK~L l~U otl~L lC,1.((U ~u ((((\'UU ul C~ ~CCl. ~c"L c,ou lU «\C,UUl l,c,L t«\C,lO szUC,l~ ,1.((U

cl

tl. ~c, U,1. l,«\C,UUl l,c,L C«\C,lO \7Zl,Cl~ ,l~t ~c, uoc,L l,~Ol. ou

6:17-(Z:( 'WUS Z uwnl°;) p[

2. APPARATUS FROM LXX AND LXX!-uc Column I (1 Sam. 1:1-21) PAM 43.122, 40.971, 40.984, Plate I The oldest ofthe plates for columns II-III is PAM 40.971, which appears at plate 1205 in Facsimile Edition, whose index erred in assigning that plate to PAM 43.122, which is actually at plate 121. PAM 40.984 (plate 134), which also appears at Cross 1953,17, is essentially the same as PAM 40.971 with minor adjustments in the positioning ofthe small fragments which at that time were the bottommost evidence for column III of the scrol!. 1,1

. ,m~ \V'N 'iP1 · 0'!)1~

1,2

MT: on,' LXX, LXXe2: 'NO" LXXbe2: "N II

· N1il"N II

LXX:

mn

LXXo: -

LXX: l'~ll LXXe 2: 11'~ 1l · O"!)N 'ilO MT: m'!)N LXX: O"!)N ·111~ II

1,4

·0""

LXX, LXXLuc : ",

• \V'Nil

MT, LXXbe2: + N1ilil

1,4-5

· omO'ilO "'VO i1r.PO' 0'0'0

1,5

. mNl~

• il'\vl · 'l\v1

1,7

·OP

,'v

LXXo: 111~ II

LXXC2: -

LXXo: + ilO\v MT: ilO'O' 00'0 11'VO

LXX: acxßcxcu8 'i11'N (right to left)

LXXboe2 :

mNl~

'i11'N

acxßcxcu8

LXXC2: acxßcxcu8 mNl~ 'il'N (right to left)

(right to left) 1,6

LXXb ': \V'N 'n'1

LXXC2: il!)'~O

LXX: il!)'~

. 'N'O"

·mn

LXX boc2e 2: il'n \V'N1

LXX: il'n \V'N

LXX, LXXb : ,'\vl LXXO C2: 01'\vl Pll MT: "V 'll 'l\v

LXXe2 : 1'lOl

MT: OPil MT, LXXLuc : il'mll1 il'll "" 1n\VN

· il'll',

LXX: il'll1 m\VN

LXXzb 2: il'll', 1,8

·nnN

MT, LXX Luc : + O'!)N

MT: LXXC2: O!)N " , il' l'N For" O!)N = TTAllv OTI see 2 Sam. 12:14. ", il' 1'N is a gloss explaining O!)N, which became in MT O'!)N, perhaps through the interchange of the letters M and S. See Boer 1976, 1. · O!)N " , il' l'N N"

1,8-9

c2. 1,9

"Vl

1,9-11

' m "lVl

MT:-

nov"

nn,~

ov",

nn,~,

",

mn' n, 1m N' N"

MT: nnov"

nn,~

, nY.lv,n "lVl OV, Cl LXX b : n, mn' 1m N" ml "lVl OV, Cl' nn,~ nnov" "Nn N" n'lm m "lVl nov" n\v!)l OV", nn,~, ", LXX b': nnov" m "lVl nov" n\v!)l OV", nn,~, ", n, mn' 1m N" ml "lVl OV, Cl' nn,~ n'lmLXX o : nn,~, ", mn' n, 1m N" ml "lVl OV, Cl' nn,~ nnov" m "lVl nov" n\v!)l OV", LXXC2: n, mn' 1m N' " ml OV, nn,~ nnov" m "lVl nov" n\v!)l OV", nn,~, ", LXXe2: OV' Cl' nn,~ nnov" m "lVl nov" n\v!)l OV", nn,~, ", n, 1m N' nm', ml "lVl LXXLuc is conflated by one line of 4QSama text on the words ml and "lVl m. See Plate XXXI, number 1. LXXC2, given above, reflects the Vorlage, whose lines are the same length as those of 4QSama. The copyist of MT lost a line of text by performing haplography from ml to m 'llVl. The difference between LXXC2 and the rest of LXXLuc is the participle esouöevouaa in place ofthe infinitival c1ause TO eSou8evelv. The root is nl- see 2 Kings 19:21: 1"~ nl ...." ml- and ml is the infinitive with feminine pronoun object. Correct Taylor, 2: "esouöevouaa c2" to esou8evouaa c2. MT: nY.lv,n is mi stake for nlv,n "she starved herself" - see end ofverse 7: "Nn N". mem and bet are lookalikes, which interchange as often as resh and dalet - see e.g. under to III,27. 1,11

,", n, nn m'l '1'

1,12

, nn7V ',Y.l

, mov,m

mov,n

26

MT:-

MT: p, LXX, LXXc2: nn7Vl MT: mov,n p

(same at 2: 19 = III,8 in the scroIl) LXX, LXXboe2: nov" LXX c2: p

'Y.lNm

1,13-14

, " " nY.l n, 'Y.lN" 'l'N 'lln "

1,14

, N' nY.l"

1,15

, 1V" MT: V', , " 'lN ln, MT: " l'" "lN , c,pm MT: mn cpm LXX Luc : mn cpm 'lN

1,16

, mn' 'l!)' l~mm n'\vl C"N MT: nn\V ',nN' n'\vl n"N LXX: C"N mn' 'l!)' l~mm "\vl LXX Luc : mn' 'l!)' l~'nm nn\V ',nN' "\vl C"N

CHAPTER TWO

LXXC2: N"

MT: nY.l'

LXX e2: N' " nY.l"

-,In"

LXXo : O,lnn Correct Taylor, 2: "HAIS"

EIAI e2·

LXXLuc , OL: + mn

MT:,V

-'N -,mN'

0 :

LXX b ': ":>'i1

-':>'i1 -"!:lnm

1,18

lAI e2" to HAEIS"

MT, LXXLuc : ,V l'IV'

-'n' 1,17

0 :

MT, LXXLuc :_ n:>ln i1:>l,LXXn:>lm :

-'1m

LXX e2: "!:lnm

- mn', -,mN'

MT:MT: 'ONm

- mNl~ 'm'N mn' 'l1N

LXX Luc : + mNl~

n'Nl~ mn'

1,19

LXX, LXXLuc : aooval mn' EAwE aaßaw8 (reading left to right; LXXOC 2: EAwat; LXX b : EAWI)

1,20

- 'm,:>n -;nON nN

MT, LXX boC2: + 1noN nN n:>'lVn N"

- O''lVlN - ,n'nnn

LXXbo : 01N MT: "nm,

MT:

LXXe 2: m'IVn N" 'l,:>n

LXX,

1,20-21

- nn'IV' N' ':>'IV' 1'" "m '0' ,,:> mn'" MT: "m '0' ,:>mn', LXXLuc : nnlV' N' ':>'IV' 1'" ,nm 0" 1V nno 1'l!:l'

1,21

-"lV'

1,22

Apparently there was text at the beginning ofthe line - perhaps O,'V 1Votherwise the continuation after the break at the end of line 21 would have been indented. If line 23 was indented, then it began simply "!:lnn, nnl,nt

1,23

- nnl,n:> 'i1" MT, LXXv: nnl,n ':> n'm LXX, LXXLuc : ''lVN:> n'm nnl,n - ':> is oti; ''lVN:> is ote. -'O'IV"V' (The words are pushed together, and the yod was supralinearly

MT, LXX, LXXLuc :

added)

1,24

n,v'

LXX, LXXLuc : 'O'IV 1m:>n

- n'l10 N'm

MT

LXX C2: n'l1 N'n

mm

- mVl n'n!:l'IV' nl' 'V

"V,

n'l10 N'i1 mn1 :LXX, LXX boe2: i11l1 N'm

MT: mVl n'n!:l'IV i" nl' 'V

LXX , LXXLuc .

nl'l 'Vl n'n!:l'IV'

COLUMNI(1 SAM. 1:1-21)

27

LXXLuc : + i1H1' i1, VO~'"

· VOlV'

1,25

LXXb : pm

·1l" 1,26

· N' LXX, LXXLuc : N'i1 · i11i1' 'l!lO "" 1"VO MT: 1"VO

m,

MT:

LXX: mi1' 'l!lO ""

l1lVi'LXXLuc : Cl' l1lVi'l

1,27

· Cl' l1lVi'

1,28

·'N LXX boC2: + Nl · l1l 'l!l' LXX: l1l'

1,29

. 'l1'''l 'OV" MT: 'l1'l' 'OV:" LXX: 'l1'''l LXXLuc : 'OV' l,m 'l1'''l Expected is " after 'l1'''l. If it was there - in conjunction with 'v or one of the two words was erased - then there was no room for the word in the following note: i1'. · i1,

LXXLuc : C"lVl

1,29-30

· 'm,N mi1'

1,30

.

l'

LXXLuc : i1"N

MT: -

· C"lV'

28

LXX, LXXLuc : 'Vl i1,

MT: i1"N

· 'Vl i1"N

MT: 'i1'N'

111' 'N'lV'

LXX: 'm'N LXXo : LXX, LXXLuc : 111'NlV "

MT: 111' 'N'lV'

·111'lV"

MT: 111'lV

1,31

· i1""

LXXLuc : i1",

1,31-32

MT:· i1l1'lV' ZN N'l111 The top ofthe lamed in 'N touches the mem in the line just above .The Vorlage ofLXX: EI5 TO KaTaAu~a aUTTJ5 is not i1l1'lV", since LXX habitually uses E15 instead of rrp05 to render 'N when the object is i1'lV' - see Neh. 10:40, Ezech. 42:1, Jer. 35:4 and Ezra 10:6. To the pIUS'N cf. VI,9: ,mi'0 'N un'lVl for 6:2 (all versions): ,mi'0' un'lVl and below to lines 33-34.

1,32

MT: · i1nlV111 i1lV'N cv · "!:Il MT: i1, "i1

1,33

· mi1"

1,33-34

· C'l10,i1 1l'1':!.' mi"N N'l" C", "",

1,34

. V'"

1,34-35

· O'lJm 111!:1'i'n,

CHAPTER TWO

LXXC2: 'ON111 i1lV'N CV

LXXe2: i1lV'N CV

MT: mi1' 'l!l' MT: i1nO'i1 cn':!. 'N 'Nl" 'llV"

MT: + mi',N

m', 'i1111

MT: mn 'i1111 C'lJm 111!:1i'n,

m',

LXX Luc : + mn

1,35

'1,m

1,35-36

MT: i11il'Y.l':> LXX: 'i11'N i11il'Y.l N':> 1Y.lNm aa13aw8 (reading right to left) LXX Luc : mNl~ 'i11'N aa13aw8 i11il'Y.l 1mN' (reading right to left)

1,37

· il'\!)l

1,39-11,1

· '~1N m1\!)VY.l ,:> nN' P11l nN' '~1N m,\!)vY.l ,:> nN' "11l ,:>

· mNl~ 'i11'N il1iPY.l N':> 1mN'

MT: i11il"

LXX: 'O,,\!)l

LXXLuc : ,,\!)l

LXXLuc : 'O'\!)" nN MT: '11l nN' los. v,346: i11', n'1\!)VY.l

Column 11 (1 Sam. 1:21-2: 15) PAM 43.122, 40.971, 40.984, Plate 11 11,1

· '~1N ·mv

11,1-2

MT:MT:-

LXXb': 'OY.lV

. PT-nN'li11 1Vlil nN mlml 1\!)N 1V

MT:pnNli11 1Vlil ,m' 1V

LXX: 1V

pn,m 'ON 1Vlil il'V' 1\!)N LXX Luc : 1\!)N:>1 'Y.lV 1Vlil il'V' 1\!)N 1V il'VN N' pn,m To the LXX consruction: EWS' TOU oVOßTJVOI TO TTOIOOPIOV eav orroyoAoKTIOW OUTO cf. Gen. 28:15: OTI ou IJTJ OE EYKOTOAITTW EWS' TOU TTOITJOOI IJE TTOVTO 000 EAOATJOO 001 = m1l1 1\!)N nN 'n'\!)v 'ON 1\!)N 1V 1lTVN N' ':> and Num. 32: 17: KOI TJIJEIS' EVOTTAIOOIJEVOI •.. EWS' OV 0YOYWIJEV OUTOUS' = 1\!)N 1V .... l',nl UnlN' 'OlN'lil 'ON. These two verses suggest that an alternate restoration - oriented toward LXXlLXXLuc - is preferable: pn,m 1\!)N:> 1Vlil il'V' 'ON 1\!)N 1V =

l'

LXX or pn'Y.ll 'ON 'Y.lV 1Vlil il'V' 1\!)N 1V = LXXLuc replacing 1\!)N:>1 (see above) with 'ON. Only LXX - see Plate XXXI number 2-a - fits the space in line 2. LXXLuc - ibid. number 2-c - needs the revision explained above, and MT - ibid. number 2-b - needs the change 'Y.ll' to nN m'Y.ll to fill the room. In MT Samuel is a passive infant, while LXX and especially LXXLuc imply his role in deciding when to make the joumey. Cf. the friction between Jesus and his parents during their second pilgrimage to Jerusalem (Luke 2:41-50). LXX, LXXLuc : 'l!l'

11,2

· 'l!l nN

11,2-3

. i11il' n'\!)Y.l 'l!l, MT, LXX, LXXLuc : Cf. 2:35: 'O'Y.l'i1 ,:> ,"'\!)Y.l 'l!l, 1'ilni11. Also possible is i11il' l'1N 'l!l'; cf. 3:3: 'O'i1'N l'1N 'O\!) 1\!)N i11il' ':>'i1l l:>\!) 'Nm\!)t

11,3-4

· ,"n 'Y.l' ", 'O"V 1V 1'Tl 'ilmm,

MT, LXX, LXXLuc :_

COLUMNII(1

SAM.

1:21-2:15)

29

II,5

"1'00

II,6

"il\VNil "'\vN

II,6-8

N~Pil

1':11 :LXXLuc : 1'00

MT

N~Pil "

LXXc2: mn MT:-

" ilO'N1 1nN on'1 \V'\Vo 'i':1 1:1 '0:1 U11N :1"i'm U11N il,m '\vN'il"\V U11N ,vm nnNMT: nnN ilO'N1 il\v'\v 0"0:1 U1,m '\vN' ilOV 1il,vm LXX: 10V ,vm : LXX, LXXLuc : \v'\vo '0:1 1"\V 10V ,vm ilO'N1 on'1 Both LXX and LXXLuc transcribe ilO'N with OI 1n'. MT adopted the gloss (mol') without the reading (")!l7), while Luke 2:38 discarded both, leaving Hannah standing devoid of both companion and intention; and, indeed, verses 36-37 describe her as habitual widow who prayed - not intended to pray - unceasingly. Another instance of an LXX gloss to indicate a sectarian reading ofthe 1n' is Deut. 32:43, where LXX, in reading with 4QDeutq ii, 6 (see DJD 14, 141) tJ'Y.l\V for MT: tJm, added the gloss alla "together", i.e. 1n', to designate its source. 11,13

'7l'

MT: 7N

, '7 i11il' 131" i11il' 7N i11il' '7 131" i11il' 7N

MT: '7 i11il' 131" LXXo : i11il' '7 131"

LXX: i11il' 131"

LXX bc2e2:

11,14

, 7"

11,15

'il'il' Nm '" MT: N'il il'il LXX, LXXLuc : N'il '" il'il' and i11il' are equivalent in the script ofthe scroIl, and Hannahjust finished equating her son to i11il' in verses 26-27 (see above). And cf. 1,30 (l: 17) where LXXo shortened ,317N\v 7:> '7 131' 7N'\v' 'il7N i11il" to 7:> tJ'il7Nil i11il"

MT: 7:>

'317N\V. 11,15-16

, i11il'7 m31\Vm tJ\V 'il"N\Vm LXXLuc : i11il'7 ,m31\v"

11,17

' mn "!l31m

'v

MT, LXXLuc : 'l"N 7l' '!l LXX, LXX Luc : MT:-

' '!l tJ'l"N '~':>

LXX: -

LXX, LXXLuc : 'm7Nl

'ilH"l

, ':>

LXX:-

LXX, LXX Luc : pm

'l"l'

11,18

MT: i11il'7 tJ\V m31\v" :

11,19

' U'i11'N:> ,,~ l'N' 1317l \V"p l'N ':> U'i11'N:> P'1~ l'N' MT: ,31,l l'N ':> U'il'N:> ,,~ l'N' LXX: ,31,l \V"p l'N U'i11'N:> P'1~ l'N' LXX Luc : ,31'l \V"P l'N' U'il"N:> P'1~ l'N'

II,20

"':1131 ':1'31

LXX ,LXX Luc : ":1131 'N' ':1i1131

COLUMN II

(l SAM. 1:21-2: 15)

31

· N~' 'N · O:Pl:lO

·11))>' II,21

LXXe2: '1'l:l0 LXX, LXXc2e20a :

· m"v U:ml

N"

· o',~:m ilnn II,22

Sir. 4:29: lilll (see under to line 22) LXX bc2e2: N~' 'N'

LXX: ililll MT, LXXo : N~'

· ililll ililll

n»'

"v

LXX, LXXLuc : pm MT

pno 'N' O"~'l' omn :LXXb'oC2 e2: o',~:)lm ilnn

MT: ",n O'lV" "'~l LXXLuc : O'lv,m ,,'On . 2ln ,~" O'l:l" "tm 'ln ,~" The top ofthe lamed in 2lnis clear, though Cross 1953 didn't know what to do with it. The key to understanding LXX here (1 Sam. 2:5): Kai aa8EVOUVTE5 rrapT}Kav YT}V is Sir. 4:29: ~,~" 'l:l" 1l'~'llilll 'i1n 'N 1n'N,ol, where ~,~" in the Greek version is Kai rrapElI1Ev05, participle of the same word as rrapT}Kav in 2:5. Sir. 4:29a sets the context - spec. Hannah's song verse 3 (see above to line 20) - and 29b corrects MT at verse 5. The Sitz im Leben ofverse 5 is Josh. 18:3, Joshua's admonition to get to the work of land distribution: N'l' O'l:l,no onN illN 'v 'N'~' 'll 'N V~'il' 'ON" f'Nil nN n~", specifically to divide the land into seven parts (verse 6). This work (il'N'O in Sir. 4:29) of cutting is to be done with a knife (n"No; Ben Sira loved to play with letters) - cf. Num. 13:32: N'i1 il'l~P n'''N f'N. The OL tradition - or at least part of it - perceived the land possession motif in verse 5 and translated the Greek accordingly: et esurientes possidebunt terram f'N ,~" O'lV" - thus OLSinai (10th century Psalms/canticles manuscript from St. Catherine's monastery published in Boer 1965) and OL 300 (a 6th century canticles manuscript from Verona published in Boer 1963). Cf. N'll:l" f'N ,V u,~ O'lV" = NV'N ,V ,'OV in BM or. 1019, published by Black. 'ln is apparently chiffre for 'ln "rope" (thus the cutting with a knife), which left its trace in MT: (')',n. 'ln reappears a few lines down - at verse 8 - where it is on the crags of f'N, and just after that ~'N 'll' n"l N' " m,' O'V~" essentially rehashes verse 5 (o'V~" for '~"/O'~" in verse 5 and ~'N 'll' for ~"'). The O'l:l, in verse 5 become O"ll in verse 8, just as the O'Nl:l' play the dual role ofheroes in Deut. 2:11 and spirits ofthe dead in Is. 26:14. For 'ln = gh see 1 Chron. 16:30, Is. 26:9, 18 and Sir. 10:4 and 16:19. Not only Sirach, but also the New Testament adopted verse 5: =

Hannah's Song (1 Sam. 2:5) ,,'On on'l O'Vl~' 1 ,ln ,~" O'l:l" 2 ilVl~ m,' i11i'V" 3

Beatitudes 3-5 (Mat. 5:5-7) ,~,,, il,N " O'l:l'il "~N 3 'Vl~' " ili"~' O'No~m O'lV'il "~N 4 mn,' " o'OmOil "~N 5

Hannah's song 1 is backwards and should read 'Vl~ on,l o',om, which summarizes beatitude 4. Hannah's song 3 emphasizes the busy womb and thus reiterates beatitude 5, featuring o'om. Hannah's song 2 in the OLILXXl4QSama version is beatitude 3 verbatim . ."

32

CHAPTER TWO

MT:'V

II,23

. j"nr.n n'tJr.l LXX, LXXLuc : ilm', r"r.l' · "m MT,',m :

II,24

. ,V',

MT: + tJr.n,r.l t'JN "!l\Vr.l

LXX, LXX boc 2e2:

,'\Vvr.n \V',m mil'

+ tJr.n,' t'JN "!l\V' ,'\VV', \V"" mil'

LXX b': + tJr.n,' "!l\V' ,'\VV', \V"" mil' The scribe copied from a "Song of Hannah" arranged one stich to a line and skipped verse 7, whose first word is the same as that of verse 6. The verses are equally long - six words each - and end synonymously verse 6, tJr.n,r.l verse 7. Interpreted phonetically to "N\vr.n \V',m, verse 7a essentially repeats verse 5: ,:m tJ'!l", emphasizing the land pos session by the weak, and is

,V',

'\v',

thus dispensable. Also at 11 QPsa col. 21 (DJD 4, 42) the Qumran scribe arranged a stich-composition - the acrostichon from Sir. 51 - as running text. · tJ,pr.l LXX, LXX boc2e2: tJ'p, LXXb': tJ'p" · '!lVr.l · n!l\VNr.l · :l'\v'il' II,25

· tJ'l"l · tJ,'nl'

II,25-26

II,27

LXX, LXXLuc : l"Nr.l LXX, LXXLuc : n!l\VNr.n LXXLuc : 'l'\v'il' LXX: tJ'r.lV 'l"l LXXLuc : tJV 'l'1l LXX, LXXLuc : tJ'mlr.l

"'1:'",In,""'ln'lntJn',v tJil"V n\V', l"N 'P~r.l ilH'" ':J n\V', l"N mn', ':J

m,' 1\Vml tJ'V\V" ,m\V' ,r.l,' 1\Vnl tJ'V\V" ,r.l\v' ,,'on LXX, LXX Luc : -

· P"~ nu\V ,'l" ,'u, "l 1m

MT:

'P~r.l

MT:-

· \V'N 'l:l' m:Jl LXX: \V'N "l:l m:Jl LXX b': ,m:Jl "l:l pm'

LXXboc2e2: ,m:Jl ,m \V'N ,'nl

Brooke/McLean errs in inc1uding LXXB with those manuscripts which read EVIOXUEI ('l:l') for EV IOXUEI (m:Jl). LXX B is an uncial written without interword spacing, and it is thus impossible to specify - except before text breaks - where words begin and end. See Hatch/Redpath, 694and esp. xxv, where the corrigendum to p. 475 col. 1 properly signals the ambiguity. The confusion in LXXLuc sterns from 1 Sam. 9: 1: aVTlP ouvaTo5, which LXXLuc corrected to aVTlP IOXUI, for,m "l:l and Josh. 10:7: ouvaTo5 EV IOXUI (expected ouvaTo5 IOXUI) for ,m "'l:l. This confusion - coupled with the matter discussed at line 22 - provoked the addition at lines 27-31 (=Jer. 9: 22-23), at whose co re stands m"l:ll "l:ln "nn' 'N' = Kai IlTl KauxaOec.u 0 IOXUP05 EV TTl IOXUI aUTOU, which LXX corrected in the addition at Samuel to Kai IlTl KauxaOec.u 0 ovaT05 EV TTl ouvallEI aUTOU. Sir. 5:1, continuing 4:29 (see above to line 22), reflects the LXXI LXXLuc addition at 1 Sam. 2: 10 with the words: 1\V!ll mNn ,nN n:J', 1m:J lv\Vn 'N ", "N' \V' 'r.lNn 'N' 1,m lv\Vn 'N

,V

,V

and, specifically, the LXXboc2e2 expansion at verse 9: 1m:J \V'....1'm

'V ....'N'

COLUMN II

,V

(1

SAM.

Sir. 5:1 1:21-2:15)

33

,m'l

II,28-31 :

MT: LXX, LXX Luc :

,'" \!>'N

',"l

LXX boc2e2

onn,nl o'n,nil '''iln' 'N O"'IV,,'n 'l',n nn' i11il' "iln' 'N' "'lVVl "'lVVil "iln' 'N' On1n''lVl O'Y.l''lVil i11il' V'" "'lVil "ilnnil ,'mn' nNTl ON " ,,'nl "lm O'n'IVl il'V i11il' l"Nil11nl ili"~' U!l'IV~ il'IV'Vil O'Y.l'IVl "V 'l',n nn' i11il' 1nn,nl o,nil "iln' 'N 'IV"i' i11il' 'l',n nn' i11il' "'lVVl "'lVVil "iln' 'N' 1n'lll "llil "iln' 'N' i11il' "'lVil "ilnnil "iln' nNTl ON " O'n'IVl il'V i11il' l"Nil11nl ilP'~' U!l'IVn il'IVV'

V",

(LXX boc2e2: l"Nil 'V, LXXb ': il'1nl instead Ofl"Nil 'V) Correct Taylor,6: "ETTl Taylor boc2e2 Thdt-ed] EV bIO' to ETTl Taylor boc2e2 Thdt-ed] EV IlEOUJ b'. To the Samuel addition and Jer. 9:22-23 see Tov Hannah, 164-168. II,32

, OV1"

, i11il'

,",n, 'l"N

II,33

MT: OV" LXX, LXX boC2: Nm LXXLuc : + Nm

LXXe2:-

P"~

LXX, LXXLuc : u'"n,

' ilnn'il 1n'l' illP'N N'l" 0'" 'N'l" "",

MT: 1n'l

'V ilnn'il illP'N 1'"

LXXLuc : 'i11"N'IV" on'l' o'nn'il "", i11il" "nn'IV" O'IV i11il' 'l!l' (LXX c2e2: 1n'l'; LXXo : ,nn'IVn1)

LXX: 0'nn'il1'n1 i11il' 'l!l' O'IV m"N'lVn1

MT: ilnn'il on'l 'N 'Nl" 'l'IV"; LXX ,LXXLuc : 0'" "", O'nn'il 1n'l' illP'N N'l"; LXX cx : ,n'l' onn'il illP'N N'l" 0"" 'Nl" "", Cf. 1:19:

II,34

' li11'il "V 'l!l' i11il' 'l!l' n''lVn il'i1 'Vli11 MT: i11il' nN n''lVn il'i1 ,vni11 lil'il '?V 'l!l nN LXXLuc : 1il'il '?V 'l!l 'l!l' i11il' nN n''lVn il'i1 'Nm'IV 'Vli11 The reconstructed indentation of 1.8 cm is about average - see PAM 41.771 (Facsimile Edition, plate 433) line 7 in the second fragment from the right and line 15 in the third from the right. The two fragments are also visible in Herbert,251-252.

II,35

'li11'il , N'

,'v',

MT:LXXLuc : N"

LXX, LXXLuc : o'v" MT: O'li1:m U!l'IVY.l1 , 1i11'il U!l'IVY.l1 II,36

' nln 'IV'N ", OVil

LXX: nlT ''lVN ", OVil

LXXo : il'i1 n:mil "'i1il " LXXo read NAOY for LXXbc2e2: AAOY. il'i1

34

CHAPTER TWO

LXXbc2e2: nlT ''lVN OVil "

11,37

· lJ'lV)i1 'IV''''IV :I"mm

MT:

· m:m, 11,37-38

LXX, LXX Luc : lJ'l'IV 'IV''''IV :I"n:n

n:m,

LXX Luc : mN'l"

· "'!ll 'N nn"pl 'N "'l 'N ''''l LXX b : nn"pl 'N "'!ll 'N ''''l

""m

11,38

LXX: "'!ll 'N nn"pl 'N "11:1n "t)l LXXoe2: nn"pl 'N ,n!ll 'N "t)l

""m

LXXC2: nn"pl 'N "'!ll 'N "t)l 'N ''''l Xaf..KIOV is fortuitous; it practically transcribes the rare word nn"p. ''''and "t) are practically identical in Herodian script, and "11:1n evolved into "'l 'N through loss of the shaft in lamed (cf. V,20; 14,4; 48,8), interchange of ale! with ha (cf. III,26, IV,15, VI,8, 13,14,33,5 and 2 Sam. 3:18: V''IV,n fOrV''IV'N), confusion of gimmel and waw (both feature a vertical axis) and addition ofthe preposition bel. . .,,, LXX Luc : .,,,, LXX, LXXLuc : :I"ml

·:I"mn

· 1m,n ,., np'

LXX b ': mnp'

MT: 'l 1mn np'

11,39

mn'" mlT" lJ'Nln MT: n"'lVl lJ'IV lJ'Nln lJ''''lVl mn'" LXXLuc : mn'" mlT" lJ'Nln ''''lVl

11,40

· l"nn

LXXLuc : + mn' 'l!l"

· Nl'

LXX, LXX Luc : N'l'

11,41

· n"'lVl

LXX: mlT" lJ'Nln

MT: '" lJN " "'lVlO ''lVl100 np' · ,'tm10 "'lVlO 100 npN "t)n 10 "'lVlO 100 ''lVl npN

LXX Luc .

Colurnn III (1 Sam. 2:16-3:1) PAM 43.122, 40.971, 40.984, Plate III . Im,n '''p'

Im,n 'Vl "N 'ON' 'IV'Nn

III,1

illV'

MT: 1"'''P' '''p 'IV'Nn ""N 'ON" LXXLuc : 'ON" lJ'" LXX:"!l'IVO' 1''lVN' '''p' nlnn 'IV'Nn 'ON" 1''lVN' '''p' nlnn 'IV'Nn · l"nn LXXLuc : + "!l'IV0'

III,2

. nm

LXX Luc : np TN'

· ''lVN ""0 MT: ''lVN' · N" MT: ,., (keri: N") · 'npn",

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : 'nnp" N" lJN'

COLUMN III

(1 SAM. 2:16-3:1)

35

III,3

·mnl

111,3-5

· il'V' 1\VN ,,::J 1'1!ll 'N 1'tll i1::Ji11 1"l tJ'l\Vil \V"\V l,m nN ni" 1\Vlil n'\vl::J MT ,LXX, ptJ'il j71\V nN ilnm 1!liltJ 'l' lm tJN' V1 tJN nj71l,mil LXXLuc : _

MT: ili'Tnl

For ilnm cf. ilnm, at 1: 11. According to 4QSama II,3 Samuel was a nazirine, and the concern with l'tJ'il i"\V sterns from Num. 6:20 where the ilm1nil i"\V is specified as the offering to end the period ofnazirinity. The scribe understood i'Tn in line 3 as 1Tn (1 + mn) which brought to mi nd Num. 6:20: 1il::J' N'il 1" 1'Tlil iln\V' 1nN' ilm1nil i"\V il!lUnil mn. "The man" and "the priest" are identical, and the addition in lines 3-5 is the threat? request? ofthe only other party in the exchange, i.e. "the lad of the priest", to take the mn and the i"\V from the rest of the offering, which, apart from various bread elements, consisted of il'\vl V1m (Num. 6: 19). The request was really a cry of desparation, because the punishment ofthe sins ofEli's house is specified in 2:31 as the cutting off of 1'lN n'l V1n 1V1T, which is il,\vl V1m because Shiloh is the site of Eli's cult, and apart from at 1:24 "Shiloh" always appears with a prefixed bet - cf. e.g. il'\vl il'::JN '1nN in 1:9. The i"\V is l'tJ'il i"\V, because the pilgrimage to Shiloh occurs iltJ'rJ' tJ'tJ'rJ (1 :3,2: 19), and the offering presented is tJ'rJ'il nlT (1 :21, 2: 19). A comparison of the expressed purpose of the pilgrimage in 1:3: il'\vl n1Nl~ i11il" nlT' with that in 1:21 : tJ'rJ'il nlT nN i11il" nlT' shows that il'\vl is synonymous with tJ'rJ'il nlT i.e l'tJ'il nlT (see 2:22-23, where Eli uses nun instead of mem three times in the morpheme ending his plural verbs) i.e. l'tJ'il i"\V. And this is the sin ofthe lads ofthe priest: the expansion of ilm1nil i"\V to include il'\vl V1T, and thus the sin-offering grew to'NtJ il"'l tJ'1Vlil nNun ("the very large sin-offering of the lads") in 2:17 just as the description ofthe sin in 4QSama stretched its boundaries. The constellation (l'tJ'il) i"\V and pilgrimage (to Shiloh) appears again as the main repast at Saul' s coronation feast: il"'V i"\V (IX, 11-12 for 9:24 MT: il"Vi11 i"\vil).

,V

,V'

· tJ'1Vlil nNun

III,6

. i11il' 'l!l' "NtJ il"l MT: i11il' 'l!l nN 'NtJ il"l LXX: 'NtJ il7"l LXXbo : 'NtJ i11il' 'l!l7 il7"l LXXC2: i11il' 'l!l7 LXXe2: i11il' 'l!l7 il7"l IfCross was right to read "NtJ instead Of'NtJ , there's no room for 'l!l nN. · '~Nl MT: + tJ'\VlNil

III,7

· 'l!l' n1\V~ MT:'l!l nN n1\VtJ MT: 11)n · 1l'"

III,8

· " iln'Vi11

III,9

'n1lT'

CHAPTER TWO

LXX: tJ'1Vlil i11il' 'lO' nNunil

LXX: eouo ßap

"l"ON

36

LXxe2: + tJ'il'Nil 'lO'

III,5

LXXb': mn'Vi11

MT: nlT'

LXX, LXXbc2e2: 'l!l' n1\VtJ il'il LXXLuc : eouo

LXXb': ouo

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : -

· i1ln

°

III, 1

This is the only occurrence of'ON, without waw in the corpus of 4QSama fragments - cf. ,mN, at III,28, VI,8, VII,2, 27, frag. 10, line 7, 35,9 and 42,18. The abbreviated spelling is consistent with the small writing at the top ofthe column; and MT responded with the stunted 'ON' (fonoN").

· TI nH1! · y,t

III,11

MT: C\V' ,mn

· c,\V' ,r.nö

· n,N\Vn

LXX, LXXLuc : n,N\Vnn

· n,'N\Vn

LXX, LXXLuc : n,N\Vn MT: ,N\v MT: ':I,m

· \V'N n ""

· m'im,

·,m",

III,12

LXX bo : mn'

LXX, LXXc2e2: nH1' " LXXLuc : ,nN y,t

LXXb : m'l' MT: 'i'!l ':I

. "y "m

MT:"m ,nm

LXXLuc : "m

"y ,nm

· c\v MT, LXX, LXXLuc : The final mem is clear, though Cross 1953 mistook it for a regular mem and restored ['N']r.l\V. · ,N'O\v 1Yln or just ,Nm\V III,13

· 'l!l'

MT: Cl'

·mN', ,:I" N"

i1l\V c'y\Vn 1l

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : -

III,14

MTyo\V, MT: +,:1 ·nN · c,\Vy' MT: l'\VY' · ,N'\v' 'll' MT: ,nN nn!l mNl~n C'\Vln nN l1l:l\V' '\vN nN' ,N'\v' ,:I, ,ym LXXLuc : ,ym ,nN ,"n!l ml~ln C'\Vln nN "ll 'l:l\V' ':I' ,:I ,N'\v' 'll'

111,15

· n7Nn C"l"T:J

• yo\V',

LXXilTn 'l"T:J

· Yr.l1\v 'lN MT: YO\V ':JlN : LXXb ': Assumed is the following correction: Correct Brooke/McLean, 8: "aKouw]" to eyw aKouw] and Taylor, 7: "aKouw] > b'" to eyw aKouw] > b '. III,15-16

MT: n,N cyn ,:I nNO C'y, C:I"l' · nH1' Cl' '!lO C:I"l"T mn' Cl' LXXLuc : mn' Cl' '!lO C:ll C"lno

III,16-18

· 'lN '\vN n,ym\Vn ml'" ':I l' 1,\Vyn Yr.l1\v ':llN '\vN nym\Vn nlm N, ':I mn' Cl' "lYO Yr.l1\v MT: Cl' C"lYO YO\V ':llN '\vN nyo\Vn nl'" N', ':I mn' LXX = 4QSama except for C'i1,N instead of nH1' at end

N,

LXX: ,:I '!lO

,N

COLUMN III

(1

SAM.

2:16-3:1)

37

LXXLuc : tlVil nN "lVil' tI:>"V vr.mv ':>lN '\vN ilV1O\Vil ill'" N' ':> P 1,\Vvn 'N mil' nN 1'lVtl

LXXLuc : TOU TTOIEIV + infinitive signals a causal tense,piel or hifil; cf. verse 33 TTOl1l0UJ EKAEI TTEI V for m,:>, - thus "lVil' "to cause (them) to change", pattemed after MT: tI"lVO. Also possible is that TTOIEIV rendered 1'lV' - thus 1'lVO tlVil 1'lV', expanding LXX. Cf. 2 Sam. 17:13 (43,13 in the scroll q.v.): m'l' i1Til 'l1il,'Oil 'l101, which LXX Luc rendered: ilTi1 'l1il,'Oil 'lV01 m'l' and glossed with "he restrained himself'.

III,18

MT-

· N,,,n

,,'V

MT: tI'i1'N '''!l' LXX, LXX Luc : mil' 'N '''!lnm At this point Cross' original block of fragments was expanded through the join of new pieces which clearly demonstrated the difference in letter size and interlinear interval between the two halves of the column. This difference should have been apparent to Cross, since he had the small fragment whose tet in ml'" in line 1 (line 17 ofthe column) is 50% smaller than the tet in line 2 in N,,,n. · mil'

III,19

'N

· N"n'

MT, LXXLuc : + \V'N

·,m,

LXX, LXXLuc :

·"

· N':>

III,20

'''!l'

,,'v

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : + tlil'lN MT: ':> MT: tln'Oil' mil'

· tlnm\vil' il1i1'

LXXX:

",p,

LXX, LXXboC2: tln'n\vil' mil' f!ln

LXXe2: tln'n\vil' f!ln il1i1' III,21

· l'" il'm '1l'

MT: l"" '1l'

III,21-22

· tI'\VlN tlV tll' mil'

~V

III,22

• tI'i1"N · 'ON"

III,23

· 'n"ll

LXX:

l''''

LXXLuc : tI'\vlN' il1i1' tlV

tll

LXXLuc : tI'i1'Nil MT: +

"'N +

LXXLuc : + "

MT: 'n"ll il'llil

· tI'1lV tI"~Ol

MT:

LXX, LXXLuc : m"ll il'll

tI"~Ol

LXX, LXXLuc : tI'1lV

tI"~O f'Nl

LXXAcx : tI'1lV tI"~Ol III,24

LXX, LXXLuc : m,nl' ·"lN n'l nN MT: 1nN . ,nl'

MT, LXX: 1il:>' " LXXLuc : " 1il:>' This is the only place where a 4QSama full reading is contradicted not only by MT but also by the Greek reading: IEPOTEUEIV = 1il:>'. . 1m:>, "

III,25

38

·m,v,

CHAPTER TWO

LXX:

n"v,'

·""jm, · mnv,

MT: 'J!:l' "!:lN

· "!:lN left) III,26

LXX, LXXLuc : ""j7il" LXX ,LXXLuc : nN\!)" LXX :eoue

LXXLuc : 'J!:l' eoue (right to

. '\!)N LXX: \!)N '\!)N LXXLuc : ,":lT \!)N '\!)N LXX: TOU lTUp0S" is a doublet. The scribe read '\!)N as '\!)N (thus TOU) - a waw boldly written approaches the breadth of a resh - and corrected by adding \!)N (lTUpoS"), which LXXLuc understood as \!)': ,N'\!)' 'Jl ,N'\!)' 'Jl ,"lT

,":lT

\!), '\!)N"

i.e. "

LXX, LXXLuc : + "'N' · .'zN'\!)' Under "'N' (eIS" ßpWOIV) is meant "'il'. The confusion between ha and ale! (cf. to II,37-38) extended into the next line, where ,n'lil' (il'l) hifil "to feed" - see 2 Sam. 3:35 and 13:5) became n'N"lil' in MT (see 2 Sam. 13:5: il"lil = nn'). The 4QSama scribe began a waw for ,m'lil', changed his mind and abbreviated to a small taw before the final kof, and the scribe ofthe LXX Vorlage mistook the result for "lil' and wrote eveuAoyela8ai. A later scribe spotted the error and added above "lil' the corrective "'N', which slipped in the course oftime into the line above, where it acquired a permanent place just after ,N'\!)' 'Jl. Ulrich 1978, 68-69 read falsely "'lil', and McCarter 1980, 87 accepted the reading. The surviving shaft of the penultimate letter is that of a taw or a kof Both McCarter and Ulrich, citing targums, admitted that the sense requires m'lil'. Another case of gloss slippage between lines occurred at 1Chron. 15:28 (=36B,11 q.v.); LXXe2: eIS" jJaaalla (i.e. il\!)!:lJl) jumped one line from its place glossing "mt See also to 52, 8. · 'nlTl "'ln ilO" 'J1'''i'

,V

· 'nmOl' III,27

MT ,"lTl '''Vln ilO'

LXX bc2e2: 'nnm

'V'

LXX, LXXLuc : "'ln ilO"

LXXo:-

. 1'V mv MT:1'VO 'n":ll '\!)N To LXX: aValeEI o8aAjJw see Provo 7:13: avaleEI eE lTpoawlTw lTpOaEllTEV aUTW " 'ONm il'J!:l ilTVil, and to the 4QSama restored correspondence 1'V m» see Provo 8:28: Kai WS" aaaAEIS" ETI8EI lTTWaS" TllS" UlT oupavov n'iln nu'» mVl and 1 Sam. 2: 18: "!:lN '1:In. ayin and tsade are usually distinguishable; but if the ayin is compressed (cf. n»,', at II, 32), it becomes erect and resembles tsade. Furthermore, waw+yod reseembles resh; so that 'J1,:ll ,'J1":ll and 'J1'TV are practically identical. mem is habitually confused with bet (as waw with yod and resh with dalet), so that MT l'VO is actually 1'Vl, and l'VO 'J1',:ll became 1'Vl 'J1'TV, which LXX, LXXLuc and 4QSama modified to 1'V mv to fit the context. LXX and 4QSama deleted from verse 32 the sentence beginning l'VO ,:ll n"lm, which reiterates the foregoing, while LXX Luc left l'VO untranslated (see to line 31). · 1n'lil,

MT: n'N"lil'

LXX, LXXLuc : "lil' COLUMN III

(1

SAM.

2:16-3:1)

39

See above to line 26: '\!.)N · \!.)N'O MT: Tl'\!.)N'O Ulrich 1978, 69, cited Eccl. 3:11, Song ofSongs 4:8 and Is. 48:16 to support the correspondence aTT apxr15 = \!.)N'O. He could have added Sir. 15:14, 16:26, 39:25 and 39:32 to the list. His assertion: "aTT apXTl5 = Tl'\!.)N.,O never" is only technically correct, however; see Deut. 11: 12: m\!.)n Tl'\!.)"O = a TT apXTl5 TOU EVI aUTOU (for the lacking ale! cf. 111'\v at 1 Sam. 1: 17). MT, LXX, LXX Luc : Tlnm "

· mnm ", III,28

MT: 'ov, 'N'\!.)' · 'N'\!.)' 'l:1 'l!), Cf. 'N'\!.)' '1:1 '\!.)N two lines above.

· ",nTl'

LXX1,nTl' LXXLuc : + P N'

· nTlV'

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + "

· n,'zn III,30

LXX Luc : mi11

·mn . m':1:1

LxxMaeghnva2b2: n,',n

LXX, LXX Luc : ON " LXX: n,i"

• N"

· "i"

III,31

LXX, LXX Luc : '1!)' 'N'\!.)'

LXXb : MT: m'ON ,mN

· 'i11ZN ·m'ON III,29

OL: mnm ,,,

1m n'n' N"

MT: TlN :1'"'' '\!.)N ,,:1 l1)m ,~ Tl":1i11 1Tl':1:1 1i'T TlPno

1Tl':1:1 1i'T n'n' N" 'N'\!.)' LXX:m':1:1 1li'T n'i1' N" LXXLuc : Tl":1i11 'Tl':1:1 1i'T l' n'n' N" 1Tl':1:1 1i'T n'i1' N" 'N.,\!.), TlN :1'"'' '\vN ,,:1 l'VO nvo (LXXe 2: has " instead of ,,:1)

,V

LXXLuc left l'vO untranslated or partially translated: LXXe2: MAON O,vo),

LXX~':

NAON (o',,'n), LXXb : NOON, LXXC2: AAON (0"1:1), LXXo : ON O'N nvo (KpaTalüllJa) glosses l'VO, reiterating the explanation at line 27 q.V.

). The MT plus vis-a-vis LXX appears to be a one-line conflation on 1Tl':1:1 1i'Tthat is, one line in the line length at this spot in the scroll. See Plate XXXI, number 3. · ,,, MT: " 111,32

MT, LXX:-

·'\!.)N

LXX b ': m,,'

·m"N

·1' • "l'))

III,33

LXX, LXXb ': MT: 1'1'))

· '\!.)!)1 · Tl':1'O · :1,n:1 "'!)'

40

CHAPTER TWO

MT: 1\!.)!)l : LXX: ,TlU MT: ,mo'

LXXLuc : Tl':1'O 'Tlun LXXLuc : :1,n:1 "!)'

III,34

·,v

MT:'N MT: 'N

· il2N

III,35

·

LXXLuc : + n'~lN l,nl

nil'l~

LXX, LXXLuc : '~N ':J '~N LXX, LXXbc2e2: '~!lll '~N1

· '~N:J ·

III,37

III,37-38

'~!lll1

LXXMT: ,nUil 'ln'll LXX: n'll ·" LXX b ': 1l Assuming Brooke/McLean is correct with LXXb ': TW EV OßOAW (not EV TW OßOAW?) then EV TW is a gloss correcting the preceding LXX text: EV OIKW to EV TW OIKW (as LXXLuc). · 21:J · ,mil

· nn, ':J:J1

n'llN'

LXX:

~t):J n'llNl

LXXbc2e2: nn'l1

~t):J n'llNl

LXX o : 1nN nn" ~t):J n'llNl

1nN

III,38

~t):J

EV

. ,mN'

MT: 'ON1 LXX, LXXLuc :_

· Nl

LXX b ': " "!lil

LXXe2: "!lil For plTTTW = '!ll see Dan. 9:18,20 and Judges 4:22. LXXb 'e2 impersonalized/deleted the object ofthe verb and interpreted para- as a causative prefix tuming '!ll to "!lil. Cf. the womaneating crumbs her lord "let fall" to her from the table (Mat. 15 :27) and the prodigal son, who in his hunger 'joined" EKOAA1l811 (thus 'ln!lt) at Samuel) one ofthe citizens to graze his pigs (Luke 15:15-16). · 'ln!lt)

· nnN 'N 'l'n1lil:J

.2nn' III,39

LXX, LXX boC2: nnN MT: n1li1:Jil MT: nn, n!l

,V

LXXe2: 'l!l'

LXXLuc : + i11il'

The restored indentation of2.5 cm is identical to that at PAM 43.120 large fragment, 15 (the fragment is also at Herbert, 270). · jl'il

MT:-

Column IV (1 Sam. 3:1-4:8) PAM 43.122, 40.971, 40.984, Plate IV IV,1

· li11:Jil

IV,2

· "V1 'l:J~

· Pl'V1

MT:LXXC2 : "V LXX: l~' MT: U'V1 (keri: Pl'V1)

COLUMN IV

(1

SAM.

3:1-4:8)

41

· ~." 311il:l

IV,3

IV,4

IV,5

·

.,,,,

LXX oa : ,.,,,,

· il"V' · ":I'i1:l

MT: il:l:l' MT: + tJ'il"~ 1"~ tJlV 'lV~ inil'

tJ'in"~il

LXXLuc : + :l~'T1"

tJ'in"~ill"~

MT:"~mlV .,~

· 'n~,i'

LXX, LXX Luc :

LXXo *a *x M : "~,nlV

.,,,,,

LXX: + 1"~ tJlV 'lV~ tJlV

'lV~

inil'

LXX, LXXLuc : "~mlV "~,nlV

· "~mlV

· :l:llV :l'lV

IV,6

LXX, LXXOC2e2: ~." 3111l:l

MT:~" nm:l

+,,,

LXXLuc : 'J:l :l:llV' :l'lV LXX, LXXLuc : :l'lV"

. "~mlV 1'V ~'i' LXXLuc : "~mlV

MT: + "~,nlV tJi'"

LXX: "~mlV "~mlV ~'i'"

"~mlV ~'i'" "~mlV ~'i' 1'V (LXX b*: .,V =

ETTI

for 1'V = ETI;

LXXC2: + "~mlV tJ'i'" at end)

·,.,v

LXX: + n'JlVil

·,n~', IV,7

.,,,

LXXC2 *:LXXLuc : 'J:l ,,,

MT: 'J:l

· :l:llV

LXX Luc : :l:llV'

· "~mlV'

LXX b : + 1:lV

EAEITOUPYEI =

n,'lV.

· inil'

IV,8

· il,m

MT, LXXLuc : il')'

· "~mlV · tJ'i'"

IV,12

MT: inil' ':l1 p"~

1:lV instead ofthe expected

LXXLuc : p"~ inil' ':l1 LXXb ': + l~mlV

LXXLuc : + "~mlV MT: :l:llV ,,, "~mlV"

".,~

,.,v

LXXLuc : :l:llV' :l'lV

"~mlV" '''y

LXXLuc : ~"i'il ,,,

· ,,,

MT:

· ':l1

MT, LXX Luc : + ilm'

MT: + "~mlV "~mlV "~mlV "~mlV tJV!l:l tJV!l:l · tJV!l:l tJV!l:l

CHAPTER TWO

=

C'\"

LXX boc2e2: + "~mlV

· 'J:l :l:llV :l'lV 'J:l

":l1

42

LXXb : EOOUAE LXXLuc : tJ'in"~il

LXX: tJ'in"~

· inil' ':l1 ,.,

IV,IO

LXXLuc : n'JlVn

LXXbc2e2: + inil'

LXX: tJV!l:l tJV!l:l ,.,

LXXLuc : ,.,

IV,13

. 'l1 'lVO\!) . nl"~Tl

IV,14

· 'N IV,15

LXX, LXXLuc : "l1 LXX, LXXLuc : OVO\!) LXXc2e2: "'~ LXX, LXXLuc :

. o,nm 1V ,:>'n lTl'l 'N

,V MT: n,,, ,nn lTl'l 'N

LXX: n,,, ,nN lTl'l'

LXXoc2e2: n':>Nl ,nN lTl'l 'Vl LXXb : n,:> ,nN lTl'l 'Vl LXX a *: lTl'l' ,nN Correct Taylor, 11: "ouvTe"eow boc2ei' to ouvTe"eow boc2e2 : > a*. For LXX a * the central issue is the identification of "his house" with 1vm ,nN, abbreviated ,nN) ,nN), to which the other versions added n,,, (LXX b : n,:», i.e. n,:>'(n) "toward the temple" as gloss. On the identification of the buildings rests the distinction between where Eli's sons lay with the women (2:22) and where Samuellay (3:3) - i.e. is ':>'i1l identical with ,nNl (,nNl)? - and, on a deeper level, Eli's involvement in the sin - i.e. "was he able" = ':>'i1 to see. Because as long as Eli' s eyes still functioned, i.e. they resisted Tlln:> - cf. 3:2 MT: nl:>' O'i1'N 'l, .... Tlln:> "nn - Samuel could not assurne the priesthood, i.e. the Tlun:> - see 3:2 LXX! LXX Luc : n,v' O'i1'Nn '(V)l,. Lli's eye-disease - Tlln:> (3:2) - resulted from his sin onl nn:> N' ':> "he didn't rebuke them" (3:13). To the halalefinterchange between MT: ,nn and LXX, LXXLuc : ,nN see to 11,37-38.

0'"

0'"

· nln' 'l1 TlN 'Nm\!) VO\!)'l nln' 'l1 TlN 'Nm\!) VO\!)'l

IV,15+ 1 (above line

15)

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : -

4Q 160 frag. 1,2:

LXXo*(vid): o'lVn · O"V Line 15+ 1 - the line added in smallietters above 15 - begins as line 15: 'Tl'lnl (line 15: 'Tl'l1) and in the middle reads,just as 15, o"vn 1V (so LXX Luc with the article). 4QSama text body skipped from this o"vn 1V to the same words ending line 15+2, the line added below 15, while subsuming the first half of 15+ 1 into the first half of 15. MT verse 13: l'll l'Vl O"V 1V lTl'l TlN 'lN "!l\!) is mi staken forl'll llVO O',N 1V lTl'l TlN 'lN "!l\!) "I will judge his house until the salon of the apartment of his sons". · O'nl'N O'''i'O ':> l'll llVl MT: on, O'''i'O ':> V1' '\!)N llVl LXX: O'nl'N O'''i'O ':> l'll TllllVl LXXLuc : O'''i'0':> V1' '\!)N l'll TllllVl o'n'N (LXX o *ends l'n'N)

IV,15+2

· l'll

LXX o *: -

p"

MT: LXX, LXXLuc : P N" 4Q 160 frag. 1, 1: ~':> (below line 15)' N'" 4Q160 fragment 1 (Allegro, plate 3 and pages 9-11; PAM 43.434 and 44.191), giving a unique version of 3: 14-18, was partially restored by Strugnell, 179180; see Martinez, 310-313. For aresolution ofwhat Strugnell gave in typed COLUMN IV

(1 SAM. 3:1-4:8)

43

Hebrew letters - with script adjusted to that of 4QSam a, from which it differs only marginally (the short shafts ofthe lameds of 4Q160 have been retained) and line intervals reduced to those of 4QSama - see Plate XXXI, number 4. Apart from the unfilled gaps, the main problem is line 6, which ends too far from the left margin (did he reckon on a text break there?), and whose beginning extends impossibly into the right margin. For a more plausible restoration see Plate XXXII, number 1. To the end ofline 2 cf. 2 Sam. 12:16: il~'N l'\!)" 11" Nl' and LXX: O'\!)" ... "N"~\!) l'\!)" with O'\!)" repeating l'\!)" (typical mem/bet interchange - cf. 1 Sam. 9:26 = IX,14 in the scroll q.V., where LXX, LXX Luc corrected MT: m,\!)', to l'\!)").

* '!l,nm (instead of EI · '!l,n' ON LXXe2: transcribed) 4Q 160 frag. 1,1: '!l,n' ON

·,.,v

MT: + ilnlY.ll' nlTl omlTl 4Q160 frag. 1,2:

ON 11 = il interrogative

LXX: + omlTl' n'''i'l

IV,15-16

·,.,v 'l!l" l'\!)' MT, LXX, LXXLuc : 'i'lil 'V l'\!)" il~'N l'\!)" ,.,v ')!l" l'\!) "Nm\!),

IV,16

· o'i'"

IV,16-17

44

,"v

=

LXXLuc : 'N n'''i'l

4Q160 frag.l,2-3:

4Q160 frag. 1,3: O'i'" MT: - LXX, LXXLuc : O'\!)" MT, LXX: N" "Nm\!), 4Q160 frag.l,4: N'"

·N'"

· N\!)Y.lil n~"lil" MT: ilN'Y.lil nN "lilY.l 4Q 160 frag.l ,4: N\!)Y.lil nN "lil" · 'Y.lN" 1V" MT: 'Y.lN" "Nm\!) nN N'i'" LXX: "Nm\!) "N ,Y.lW, LXXLuc : "N 'Y.lN" 4Q 160 frag.l ,4: 'Y.lN" }V', Only a vertical mark remains in 4QSama ofthe first letter, but both its inclination and the distance ofrecess from the margin indicate ale! For an alternate restoration oflines 15-19, using MT (except for the deletion with LXXe2 ofO"l'il in line 19) also has ale! as the first letter in line 17 see Plate XXXII, number 2.

,.,v

,.,v

,.,v

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : + 'Y.lN" 'llil 'Y.lN"

,.,v

,.,v

4Q 160 frag.!,5: 'll

IV,17

"ll

IV,17-18

· o'm"Nil ilN'Y.l nN 'lV',m MT, LXX: ,'''N 'l' '\!)N 'l'il ilY.l LXXLuc . 'll il"'''il ,'''N 'l' '\!)N mil' 'l' ilY.l 4Q 160 frag. 1,5: ilN'Y.l nN 'lV"'il om'''Nil

IV,18-19

• ~''OP il" o'm"N ,,, il\!)V' il' 'l' 'mY.l ,n,n ON 'l'il ""Y.l 'l' ,'''N 'l' '\!)N 'l'il ",Y.l 'l' 'mY.l ,n,n ON ~''OP il" om"N ,,, il\!)V'

MT: il' LXX: il' ''lTNl'" 'l' '\!)N O"l'il ",Y.l 'l' 'mY.l ,n,n ON O'il"Nil ,,, il\!)V' LXXLuc : 'l' 'mY.l ,n,n ON ~''OP il" om"Nil ,,, il\!)V' il' ''lTNl 'l' '\!)N O"l'il ",Y.l (LXXe2 deletes O"l'il) 4Q 160 frag.l ,6-7: 'mY.l ,n,n ON 'l'il ""Y.l 'l' ~''OP il" o'm"N ,,, il\!)V' il' 'l1

CHAPTER TWO

IV,19

·,In', 'Nm\V

MT, LXXLuc : 'Nm\V "

nsvwb 2, Coptic, Geez, OL: IV,20

",

·

IV,22

'l'

'UOO

LXXLuc : +

· 'ON" · "l!l'

LXX, LXXLuc : + "V MT: U'Vl (keri: "l'Vl)

. il'il il1i1" LXX, LXXLuc : i11il' il'i11 script ofthe scroll. MT: "!lil N"

. il~'N

LXXLuc : + 'l' ,nN I'JN LXX, LXXLuc :

'v'"

LXX, LXXLuc : Vl\v'Nl

· Vl\V 'Nl

. ilN'il'

i11il' il'i11 is a doublet in the

LXXLuc : '!ll N'

· '!ll N"

· V'" IV,23

'7V' 'Nm\V

MT: " LXXb' : + il'Nil

· ];!."l'il

IV,21

LXX MNae -

LXX: 'Nm\V

LXXLuc : + "

· il'\vl LXX: O,,\vl LXXLuc : ,,\vl · il,m MT, LXX: il'll " MT: 'l'l ,,\vl 'Nm\V 'N i11il' LXX: 10Nl' 'Nm\V 'N · 'Nm\V, O"'il "ll' 'NO n7T il~P f'Nil il~PO 'N'\v' "" i11il" m'i1' N'll 'Nm\V il1i1' 'l!l' 0"' ilV" "'il LXXLuc : "" i11il' N'll' m'i1' 10Nl1 'Nm\V 'N 'l!l' ilV" "'il O"'il "ll' 'NO lpr il~P f'Nil "'ll il~PO 'N'\v' i11il' (LXX b : UON" for 10Nl'; LXXe 2: f'Nil il~P 'V' and lpr "V il'i1;

"V'

'V'

0"'

"V'

'V'

LXXo*: p,,) LXXcX and OL b have 'Nm'.!>, instead of 'Nm\V 'N. For LXX plural aKpUJv with MT singular il~P see Provo 17:24. LXX doesn't use aKp0S' in the plural for "~P, (Psalms 48:11 and 65:6) but rather lTepaTa/lTepaTUJv. IV,24

"" 'Nm\V 'l' 'i1" LXX, LXXLuc : '~lP" il'NilO'O'l 'il" 'N'\v' ,V ilon,o, O'l1\V'!l (LXXC2* deletes il'Nil; LXXLuc O'l1\V'!lil) . 'N'\v'

.°"n\V'!l nN'p,

IV,25

·,V un', · ,rVilllNil

LXX, LXXLuc : onN'p, LXXb ': +,V

LXXo: -

LXX: aßevet;ep

LXXbc2e2: aßevvet;ep

LXXo: -

· un o"n\V,!l' LXX: un o'n\V,!li11 LXXLuc : o"n\V,!lil un', Correct Taylor, 12: "elTi1]>oe I e1Tl 2 bis scr b'" to "e1Tl 2 ]>oe : bis scr b'" · p!lNl

·,,'V',

LXXLuc : P!lN MT: + o'n\V'!l

,V

LXX, LXXLuc : + o"n\V'!lil

COLUMN IV

LXXe :

(1

SAM.

"1»"

3:1-4:8)

45

LXX44 deletes o'n\!)'!l IV,26

. nN'p,

",y',.

LXX, LXXLuc:,y non,o,

LXX Luc : + "ln', For Kat aUVEßaAOV = "m', see 2 Chron. · 'N'\!)' 25:19: aU!JßaAAEIS" = n,mn · n"m MT: \!)"m · t)ll" LXXb : '!l" (ErrataEv instead of ErrTatOEv)

LXX, LXX Luc : 'N'\!)' \!)'N LXX Luc : o"n\!),!ln

· 'N'\!)' · o"n\!),!l IV,27

· n»l'N'

LXX, LXXLuc : nyl'N

IV,28

· mnon 'N

LXX, LXXLuc : mno,

IV,29

· o"n\!)'!l

LXXLuc : o"n\!)'!ln

LXX: LXXLuc : U"N "rrpoS" TJ!Ja5 oci' to rrpoS" TJ!Ja5 boc2.

Correct Taylor, 12:

· n,\!)o U"N

· mn' n"l

LXX: O,,\!)O u'm'N

LXXe2: "\!)l u'm'N IV,30

LXX, LXXLuc : N~l"

· Ul'Pl · UY\!)"

LXX: Ul'PO LXX: O,y\!)',

· n,\!) IV,31

LXXb ': U'l!l'

LXXb ': U'l'NO

LXX: O,,\!)

. mn' n"l

mn' n"l

LXX b : "\!)l U'l"N n"l

mn' n"l

. N'l"

· U'l'N t)'o

LXXOC2: ,,\!)O u'm'N

LXXboe2: "\!)l

LXXC2: ,,\!)

MT, LXXLuc : + mNl:lr

LXX:

mn'

LXX: XEPOUßE1!J l\!)' '\!)N (right to left) LXX Luc : XEPOUß1!J -n 'l\!)' '\!)N (right to left; LXX b : XEPOUßTJ!J) · 'l\!) O\!), LXX, LXXLuc : 'l\!)' Or read 'l\!)' with LXX and LXXLuc , end the line with "yand read the end ofline 32 mn' n"ll"N with · O'l" l\!)'

MT, LXXLuc against LXX IV,32

·l"Nn

· mn' IV,32-33

· mnon 'N

mn' l"N (see note to line 32).

MT, LXXLuc : om,Nn n"ll"N MT, LXXLuc : mn' n"l LXX, LXXLuc : mno,

See the note to line 31. Or read mno, with LXX,

LXXLuc and fill the small shortfall by using n"'l ny"n (MT) instead of "Pl ,nl (LXX, LXXLuc).

46

CHAPTER TWO

IV,33

V",

'v'"

. LXX, LXXLuc : There are three ways to view the end of colurnn 4 and thus its length: 1) Solution 1 (see Plate XXXII, nurnber 3): The colurnn was the same length as columns 1-3, contained therefore 36lines at 6 rnrn each interval (see the table at page 273), and had a considerably shorter text than that ofthe Bible. Deleted are: the first u" 'U~ larnent (tmv"\!) ",r.mH nHT:> nn'il H" ':> u" "H) and the sentence about Egypt ('l1Y.ll n:>Y.l ":>l 0',:::lY.l nH o':>Y.ln o'n"Hn on n"H). This solution is the one used in the restored colurnn both here and in Fincke RQ 76, and the first line in col. V is restored accordingly. 2) Solution 2 (see Plate XXXII, nurnber 4): The colurnn ended in general agreement with the Bible and had 38 lines, one less than that of colurnns VII on. This is the text of LXX, LXXLuc in its entirety with the following variants: LXXLuc at line 36: On'il"H i1HY.l o"n\!)"!)n for o'n"Hn; LXX at V, 1 deletes 1!). The variants under are arranged according to this solution. Solution 3 (see Plate XXXII, nurnber 5): The colurnn was the same length as colurnns VII on (39 lines at 6 rnrn each interval), and thus the text exceeds the Bible by one line. The conflation is at 4:5 (second word in line 33 to first word in line 34), which prefixes to the shouting of Israel a sentence about the knowing of Israel. The addition equates the response of Israel with that of the Philistines: 'H'" mnY.ln "H Hl mn' l"H ':> "H'\!)' .,,:> 'V1" Israel: Philistines: om\!)"!) 'H'" mnY.ln "H Hl mn' l"H ':> 'V1" The text is conflated on "and they shouted" = 'V1" "and they knew", which becarne confused with "and they saw" ("see" and "know" are the "and they feared". same verb in Greek), which is also · "'1l "'i'l MT: n""l nv"n

'v",

IV,34

. o"n\!)"!)

'H"',

'H'"

LXX, LXXLuc : o"n\!)"!)n

· nH MT, LXXLuc : + "'i' LXX: + o'n\!)"!)n · "Y.lH" · nHTn n"'1ln nv"nn MT, LXX bc2: nHTn n""ln nv"nn "'i' b' LXXoe2 : nTn "'1m "'i'n LXX : n""m nv"nn "'i' LXX, LXX Luc : mnY.l"

IV,35

· mnY.ln "H

IV,36

. mnY.l" on'''H 'Hl O'il'''Hn n"H "Y.lW, MT: mnY.ln"H O'il"H Hl "Y.lH ':> "Y.lH" LXX Luc : mnY.l" on'''H Hl On'il"H n"H "Y.lH' 1HY.l (LXXe2: n:> OUTCU5 instead of n"H OUT05)

IV,37

· o"n mn' u"':::ln

·H"

MT:-

LXX b :Correct Taylor, 13: "OUK oC2e2] ou b Bya2 A dpqtz efrnsw MNahinvbi' to OUK boc2e2. IV,38

· u.,,~, 'Y.l · n"H

LXXC2: MT: + on

COLUMN IV

(1 SAM. 3:1-4:8)

47

Column V (l Sam. 4:8-5:10) PAM 41.179, 41.768, 43.109, 43.124 B6, Plate V Correct Herbert, 206 at 5:9(10): "43.124 B7" to 43.124 B6

V,1

• i1'Ni1 MT: + 'l'lJl i1:m ':Jl O"~lJ nN O':JlJi1 Om'Ni1 0i1 i1'N LXX, Luc Line 1 is LXX : + 'l'lJl' i1:JlJ ':Jl O"~lJ nN O':JlJi1 Om'Ni1 i1'N

restored on the basis of solution one to the length of column 4 - see above to IV,33: 'V'". The other two solutions proposed there use the LXX, LXX Luc version, of which only the end appears in line 1. LXX b': O'\!»)N

· O'\!)lN'

V,1-2

LXXLuc : O'\!)lN' on nm V,3

u,

. O'\!)lN' onnm O:J, "lV '\!)N:J O"lV' nlvn lö onn\!),ö nlV '\!)N:J O"lV' "lvn lö om\!),ö

LXXbc2e2:

MT: C"Jll" om\!),ö mn,"

• \!)'N C"Jll" onN mn," onN

LXXo: \!)'N C"Jll" onN

\!)'N C"Jll" Oi1"N o'n\!),öi1 mn,', onN

Correct Taylor, 13:

LXX: -

"KCXI ETTOA~T]oCXV CXUTOUS-]"

to

KCXI ETTOA~T]OCXV 01 CXAAo'VY.lil1Y.l

• 'Y.lN"

'Y.lN" ilN'

LXX, LXXLuc : illnY.lil LXXLuc : 'lN

• il::>'VY.lil

V,12

ilN'

• il11m 11V" • il'7V m:1~lil

C'V:1'N C'l'IV

'::>

LXXLuc : pvm, LXX: suggest N'pm for MT: v,::>m.

il::>:1m

LXX, LXXLuc : il11Y.l il11V:1' LXX, LXXLuc : il7 m:1~lil

EKAouaev

and

tJ''lVlil il7

COLUMNV(l SAM.

4:8-5:10)

49

V,20

·N",l 'iln\V · N'Pn1 · "::1:PN

LXX Luc : N" N'in LXX, LXXLuc : ilV\v LXXLuc : + 'O\V

LXX' ßcxpxcxßw8 "N LXXbc2e2: ßcxPIWXCXßT)A "N LXXo: Luc ßcxPWIXCXßT)A "N LXX read the dalet as taw, while LXX read it as lamed. For daletllamed interchange see to II,37-38 141ine 4 and 48, line 8. Or the switch was in the Greek - delta b.. for lamda A. V,21

· 'O'i1'''Nil l"N np"l " "N,\V'n ,,::1, il"l ,nNn1 MT: ,,::1, il"l ,nN" np"l " "N'\v'O ,,::1, il"l ,nNm il\V'N' il'nn "N' 'O'i1"Nil l"N np"il "N "N1\V'n 'O'i1"Nil l'1N LXX: il"l '1nN', il\V'N il'On 'O'i1"Nil l'1N inil' l'1N np"il::1 "N1\v' ,,::1, LXXLuc : il\V'N il'On 'O'i1"Nil l"N l'1N np"l " "N1\V'O ,,::1, il"l 1nNn1 nn " 'O'i1"Nil b C (LXX : 1nn instead ofnn; LXX 2 has il\V'N ..."V in obelisks) The omission of the sentence in obelisks in LXXC2 together with the LXX Luc plus nn " gives 4QSama restored. Jos. v,360 gives a similarly abbreviated version: p ,"n, N::1~il nN i11PO '\vN il\v'::1il ,,::1, 'N '\v'10 '\vN pn" ,,, N1Pn1 '\V,n ilV::1\V.

"V, "V,

"V, "V,

"V "V

"V

V,22

· 'O"n\V"o, LXX Luc : 'O'n\v"oin Jos. vi, I: 'Om\v"oin · i11"\vN 1TVil pNn LXX: ilrmv 'l::1Nn Jos. vi, I: ilnnv

V,22-23

· 'O'i1"Nil1'1N nN 'O"n\V"o mp', LXXLuc : 'O'n\v"Oil mmp',

V,23

· 1nN 'N'::1" LXXe2: l'1Nil 1nN 'N'::1', LXXbc2: 'O'il"Nil l'1N 1nN 'N'::1" LXXo: '01'1N nN 'N'::1" Josephus vi,l: 'inN'::1" Correct Taylor, 15: "aUTTlV 1" to aUTTlV 2 •

V,24

· 1P::1::1 'O""'\vN MT: + n1nnn LXX: 'N'" 1u, n'::1 'N::1', 'OmnVil Luc LXX : + u~", n1nr.m 1Ui n':l 'N':l" D'nnvn Jos. vi, 1: n':l 'N:l" n1nr.m 1u,

V,24-25

· ,np" 'O'i1"Nil l"N '10" il~1N "10" "01 MT: inil' l'1N '10" il~1N "10" "01 mp', LXX: 10'1" 'O'i1"Nil1"N '10" "10 "V "01 LXXLuc : "10 "V "01 10"" 'O'i1"Nil1"N 'lO" il~1N Jos. vi,2: 10'1" inv '\vN 1'il1n "Ol

LXX: inil' l'1N nN 'Om\V"o mp', Correct Taylor, 15: "2 aUTTIV" to 2 aUTTlv l •

,,"V

V,25

· ,::1\v',

LXXLuc : m'p', Jos. vi,2: 1o'p', LXX: KCXTEOTT)OCXV, LXXLuc : EOTT)OCXV, Jos.: Eq,IOTCXOlV For LXX KCXI KCXTEOTT)OCXV = ,::1\v" see 2 Chron. 24: 11: mpn "N m::1'\V" = KCXI KCXTEOTT)OCXV EIS" TOV TOTTOV CXUTOU. · m,pn" 1nN LXX: 'Oil'''OV::1 'OnN 1" 'On\V', 'OmnVil inil' " '::1,n, m,pn" il''',::11 nN' ilnnv nN

V,25-26

50

LXXLuc : m,pn

"v 1nN

"V

Jos. vi,2:

i1T

"v

· 'O'i1"Nil l"N '10" il~1N "10" "01 1U' min n,nnn 'P::1::1 1o,\v', MT: m,\V', inil' l"N 'lO" il~'N "10" "01 1U' min n,nnn 'P::1::1 LXX: 1O"\vil':J 'i1"

CHAPTER TWO

,V

i1HP n"l T"N 'l!l' Oi1'l!l '!ll TU' i1lm 'i'll LXX Luc : Ul':nZ>i1':l 'i1', mi1' T"N 'l!l' Pl!l '!ll TU' i1lm o'nnVi1 'i'll n,nY.lY.l (LXXo: n,nY.lY.l 'i'll; LXX C2: i1~'N Pl!l ,V, mi1' n"l T"N; LXXb : O'i1'N T"N)

,V

V,27

LXXLuc : P'~' LXX and LXXLuc have a doublet here. The first n'!l:l is Ta lXVTl, the second 01 KaprrOl. See following.

V,27-29

TU' n'l O'Nli1 '" TU' 'li1" "", N' P 'N\!)l TU' i" Tn!lY.li1 'N nm':l nTi1 OPi1 ,n\!)Nl TU' Tn!lY.l LXX: m'!ll P" m!l:l 'n\!)' Tn!lY.li1 nm1:l n'l m"Y.l TU' n'l Nli1 '" TU' 'li1:l "", N' l' 'N\!)l lU' i" 1N Tn!lY.li1 '1lV' 1'lV ':l nTi1 OPi1 i1nnVl TU' LXXLuc : nmmi1 ln!lY.l mn':l Nli1 '" TU' 'li1:l "", N' P 'N\!)l lU' i" 1N Tn!lY.li1 m'!ll P" m!l:l 'n\!)' "lV' "lV ':l nTi1 OPi1 i1nnVJ TU' n'l nnm lU' n'l In LXX, between ln!lY.li1 and 'n\!), appears the double gloss a~a4>E8 EKaOTOI, of which the first word transcribes/marks ',

V,35-36

LXXo: Taylor, 16: V,37

Jos. vi,6: tJ'n~'llil ,,» ~on "»' "»0 l"Nil lt>', "IT)A 2 " to IT)A 3 •

Correct

MT: mN 'lt>il ',nN 'il" LXX: 'lt> ',nN 'il" LXXboc2e2: tJ"mil 'N l"Nilllt>l 'il" LXXb': m l"Nil llt>l 'il" · ilm 'lt> ',nN 'il"

Unclear is whether aUTl1v (LXX)/ Tl1V KIßUJTOV (LXXLuc) is subject or object ofthe infinitive phrase IlETa TO IlETEt.8EIV (LXX)/ EV TUJ IlETEt.8EIV (LXXLuC). Cf. 1 Sam. 14:27: EV TUJ 0PK1SEIV TOV TTaTEpa aUTOU TOV t.aov for »'l~ill tJ»il nN PlN and 1 Sam. 25:2: UN:::l nN TTll for EV TUJ KElpEIV aUTOU5 Ta TTOlllVla aUTOU. Josephus vi,5 makes the recipient the agent ofthe transfer: at.t. ETTIVEUOUOI IlEV aUTOl5 Tl1V XaPlv t.aßOVTE5 OE Tl1V KIßUJTOV.

· ilT.nilO

LXX Luc : illl)y')l

LXXb'(mg): ilT.nilOl

V,38

LXX, LXX bo : 1» · '''l LXX: + tJ"ll» tJ'mil tJil' '~»" tJil"ll»l tJnN 1" LXX C2 e2: + lilt "ll» tJil' tJ'nlil '~»" tJ',ll»l LXX bo : + lilt "ll» '~»" tJ',ll»l · tJ"ll» tJil' "n~', LXX: LXXLuc : tJ"l::>)> tJil7 "n~',

V,39

· m7~" LXXLuc : + tJ"mil · 7N'~' ';"7N MT, LXX: tJ'il7Nil

· 1»'

LXX, LXXLuc : l"i'~N · ;"il' MT, LXXoc2e2: tJ'il'Nil last four words of the line. ·l"i'»

LXX: tJ'il7N

LXX b deletes the

Column VI (1 Sam. 5:10-6:19) PAM 41.179, 41.768.43.109,43.124 G6,Plate VI

V,39-VI,l

·l"i'» 7N'~' ';"7N ;"il' l"N N'l::> 'il"

LXX: l'7i'~N tJ'il7N P'N Nl::> 'il" LXXb: - . VI,l

· R"l"i'»il · il07 MT:· 'lt>il

52

CHAPTER TWO

LXX:

MT: l"i'» tJ'il7Nil l"N N'l::> 'il" LXXoc2e2: l'7i'~N tJ'il7Nil l"N Nl::> 'il"

LXX, LXXLuc : tJ"l"i'~Nil

tJnl~il

LXXLuc : tJnn7~

LXX b*: i1l"i'~Nil

VI,1-2

· ,N'\v' 'in'N ilH1' l"N nN U"N MT: ,N'\v' 'il'N l"N nN ',N ,N'\v' 'i1,N l"N nN U',N LXXLuc:U"N 'N'\v' 'i1'N l"N nN

VI,2

. -mv nN' 'mmil' -· nN '!lt)N"

VI,3

· tJ "n\V,!l · inil' · 'in,N

VI,4

LXX:

LXX, LXX Luc : UOV nN' unmil' MT, LXXLuc : +,:>

LXX, LXXLuc : tJ'n\V,!lil MT, LXX, LXXLuc :_ MT: 'i1,N

MT, LXXLuc : ,mpo, :l\v" ending line 3 is, with LXX: Kat Ka810aTUJ, "and it will sit". "And it will return" is :l,\v" in seroll syntax. · mv nN' 'nN LXX, LXX Luc : UOV nN' unN . ,mp0:l

LXX: ilmilO · nOinil' nmilO MT, LXXLuc : nm nmilO nmil' nomo is more logieal but doesn't fill the spaee. Perhaps after il' the seribe erased -leaving a mark - and eontinued with no. VI,5

· ilO\v 'N'\v' 'in,N l"N N':l:> ,N'\v' 'i1,N

VI,5-6

· mo N, '\vN tl'\vlNin

VI,6

· tJ,,!lV:l

·,v VI,7

VI,8

MT: tJ\V tJ'i1,Nil "

LXX: tJ'nO N" tJ"nin

LXXb: tJ,,!lVil MT, LXX:-

LXXLuc : l"N N':l:> LXXLuc : tJ'nOin tJ"nin

,V

LXX Luc : tJ'i1,Nil l"N LXX: l"Nil · inil' l"N LXX, LXXLuc : tJ'n\V,!lil · tJ "n\V'!l · tJ'\V"n MT: tJ'\V,n LXX: + tJ',:l:>V tl~'N l"\V" + tJ',:l:>V tJ~'N ,n\V', · tJ"n\V,!l LXXLuc : tJ'n\V,!lil . !;l.'ll')?O" Oi1'l)?n'" tJ'lV"" (avcpUJv EV

MT: -

LXX, LXXLuc : tJil'l)?"'"

LXXLuc :

Jos. vi,10:

TE TOl5 ETTavUJ XPOVOl5 OUVEOEI Kai POVllOEI

CI aEpE I v TTETTlOTEU!JEVUJV)

· NO ,mN' MT: ilO 'ON, LXXbc2e2: ilO tJil' "ON" LXXo: ilO "ON" The gap between ,mN, and NO is normal (1.2 rnrn), that between NO and il\VVl 2.5 rnrn. For the halalefinterehange see to II,37-38. VI,9

· inil' LXX Luc : tJ'i1,Nil · m,po 7N MT, LXX, LXXLuc : m,p07 for 1: 18 LXX, LXXLuc : iln:>\V7 N':lm · "ON"

Cf. 1,31-32: iln:>\V7 ZN N':lm

LXX Luc : + il7N tJil7

COLUMNVI(1 SAM. 5:10-6:19)

53

VI,lO VI,ll

oom~ m''lVn o'in'H ilH" n"l 0i'" oOH o

0'2 o~'IV~ o

o

VI,12

LXX: inil' m'H n"l

Jos. vi,lO:-

LXXb': 'IV,n (Ka I vT}v instead of KEVT}V) MT, LXX, LXXo: LXXe2: mH LXXLuc : ilnm O'IVHil "l» LXX, LXXLuc : TH' MT:»,m

H' ilO~ LXX: H'il (~T) OUK) LXXLuc : H' H'il (~T) OU ~T}) OLb: 1!) (ne) LXXc: "'H (orrUl5) LXXx: " 'H (T) rrUl5) LXXLucseems to agree with OLb in interpreting the hand of God as a positive force and not as tool of punishment. o0:lY.l LXXe2: m:m °O'IVHil LXXLuc : O'IVHil "l» 0

o

o

o

VI,13

TH ,!):m

MT: om,'lVo MT: m'H

''lVH

"'H

LXX, LXXb': -

"OH"

o'!)UO

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : " LXXLuc : + il'H Oil' LXX, LXXLuc : ,!)Uo::>/,!)tm,

LXX: O'n'IV'!)il LXXLuc : on''IV» O'n'IV'!)il MT: + li1T "l::>)) il'IVOm LXXLuc : + O::>',!») o,:::r °li1T vi,lO: + li1T "l::>)) il'IVOm (see to lines 14-15) o0::>' MT: 0'::>' LXX, LXXLuc : O::>l oO::>'l'U" LXX, LXX boe2: o::>"'IV" LXXb'C2: 0::>' O"'IV" oo"n'IV'!)

54

Jos.

VI,14-l5

ol"Hil nH O'nm'IVOil O"l::>))il 'o,:::r, on''IV» li1T "l::>)) il'IVOm 0»" MT: l"Hil nH 'O'n'n'IVOil '0::>":1::>)) m,:::r, 'O::>"~» m,:::r 'On''IV»' LXX: l"Hil nH O'nm'IVOil 0::>":1::>)) o,:::r :1i1T ',:1::>)) il'IVOm 0»" LXXLuc : O::>:::r'H nH O'nm'IVOil O::>"l::>)) o,:::r on''IV» :1i1T ',:1::>)) il'IVOm O»l' (LXXo: '0»" instead OfO»l') Jos. vi,lO: ToaOUTOU5 OE TOV aple~OV ~ua5 xpuaou5 "golden mice like to those ... "

VI,15

,,:1::> MT: "'H "l::> ,H''IV' m,~, LXX: "l::> inil', "'H LXXLuc : ','H "l::> 'H''IV' m'H inil" (LXXe2: m'H,) The interval between the lamed shaft ending 2~''IV' and the one beginning " is 50% broader than the normal interword interval, and perhaps alef-waw was in the lost space below the shafts, turning " to "'H.

VI,16

LXXo*: um"H o'O::>'in'H oO::>'~, MT: 'O::>ll, The letter after the preserved bet is either another bet or yod.

0

"

CHAPTER TWO

'H''IV' inil"

, nl:J , 'll VI,17

LXX, LXX Luc : 1l':J MT, LXX, LXX Luc : -

, tlll'

, '2VTm VI,17-18

VI,18

Cf. Ezech. 16:26: tI"~O 'll'm ')Tm

LXXO*: ll' LXX b: ,,,vn;,

LXXc2e2: lOV m~ n,lV LXX: tlm,lV MT: tlm,V"" LXXO: tlV;, nN n,lV Correct Taylor, 18: LXXb : lOV nN ln,lV "auTou5 0" to aUTOU5. , lOV nN ,n,lV"

"'"

LXXO: "" , DnN ;,lV1n ;,'lV LXX: illV1n il'lV

,

LXXbc2e2: mpl ;,lV1n il'lV nnN

Jos. vi, 11: illV1n il'l» LXXo: ilP" il'lV nnN (see above to line 11 tlp") ,m,v LXX, LXXLuc : m":JlO (TTpWTOToKouoa5; for rn,v = m'il, en yaoTllP exovTe5, see Is. 40: 11) l1")

VI,19

,"V tlil"V il'V N' 'lVN "V tlllV N' 1il"V

LXX: tI'llil "l

VI,19-20

, tlil'll tlnll'lVi1l

VI,20

, tlnnp" , i1lil' ll1N

LXX: tI'llil nN tlnllVi1l

, tlnml

LXX b': np" LXX: ll'Nil LXX, LXX boc2e2: tlnOlVl

"N

LXX, LXXLuc:,v

, 'lVN

LXX, LXX Luc : LXXLuc : tllVNil ',lV

, tllVN

LXX Luc : 'lVN tI'1'llil "l

LXXLuc : 1nN

'Dl'!);, nN

VI,21

Jos. vi, 11: apTI TOKOU5 ( '~P lOT 'l!)' 'lVN

LXXLuc : tlnllVil tlil'll nNl

LXXb': tlnllV'l

LXX Luc : tllO'lVrn , Tl'Nl LXX: ev 8el1aTI ßepex8av LXX Luc : ev 8el1aTI ßaepyat;. Jos. vi,ll: ll'Nl (e15 YAWOOOK0I10V) 8el1a appears three other times in scripture - at Lev. 24:6 (bis) and 7 - where it translates n:J'Vo "arrangement (of bread)". See below to line 30. , lO'lVn

VI,22

'lUO l" Nil 'lnN

, tln:J'i1l 'tiN

, il'V!

LXX: lO'lVn 'Nl

'V

LXXLuc : lU ", (eK TTAaYIWV llePOU5 aUTOU) Jos. vi,11: For eK TTAaYIWV = ", see Lev. 1: 11 and Num. 31 :29,35. MT, LXX Luc : + "i1l LXX: + lnN tln"lVl

'V

'V

MT, LXX b:LXX b':LXX Luc : ",

COLUMN VI

0

SAM.

5:10--6:19)

55

VI,22-23

· \!)n\V n':J

VI,23

·u.,

VI,24

. tI'\!)lNil

VI,25

. n,"v

LXX, LXXLuc : \!)o\!)n':J

LXX b'oC2e2: tI," · nNTi1 il",:m LXX: il",:m nNT LXXLuc : UV" · UV", LXXbc2: N"il LXXe2 : • N"2 LXX, LXXLuc : tI'n\!)"!)il LXX, LXXLuc : m"':Jo

· mil' l"N

LXX: l"Nil

See above to line 18.

LXXLuc : tI'il"Nil l"N

Jos. vi,l1: l"Nil

VI,26

LXX, LXXLuc:.,V · :JilTil ',:J'V nN' U'Nil nN' MT: tlil',nU 'o,,~ nN' :JilTi1 ',:J'V nN' U'Nil nN' LXX: :JilTil ',:J'V nN' To8EJ.laEpYCXß-, LXXLuc : "" .,V Ev8EIlCXTIßCXEPYcxS )O\!) :JilTil ,.,!)V nN' :JilTil ',:J'V nN' For "" .,V see to line 22. For EpYCXß see to line 30. ',":J MT: + ", .,V LXX, LXXLuc : + ",., LXXv: ",:J

VI,27

· \!)O\!) n':J ·nnN

'''N

LXX, LXXLuc : \!)o\!)n':J LXXo: i'l1'\!)' LXXb: '\!)N

· 'Vl" ""il · "'NO\!)' 'Vl' 1'm ,,'m

LXXLuc : 'Vl' ""il LXX: "NO\!) N'" LXXo: nnN il"t1O:J "NO\!) ""il N'" e bc LXX 2 2: 'Vl' ,"il ""il nnN il"t>O:J "NO\!) N'" MT: 'Vl' ,"il ""il

VI,28

LXX, LXXLuc : ""il tI'n\!)"!)il Jos. vi,13: ""il tI'n\!)"!)il · tlil',nN LXX, LXXOC2: ,',nN (the arklthe argaz) or il',nN (the cart) Jos. yi,13: tlil',nN LXX, LXXbe2: '''':Jl LXXo: ", · "':1l · \!)O\!) n':J' \!)O\!) n':J LXX, LXXLuc : \!)o\!)n':J:J '\!)N' \!)o\!)n':J · tI"~P LXX, LXXLuc : "~P Jos. vi,14: tI"~P

VI,29

'l"Nil

. tI""il tI"n\!)"!)

LXX, LXXLuc : mil' l"N

Jos. vi,14: l"Nil

The ha-alefis

twisted out of shape.

56

mN'"

mN'"

VI,30

LXXLuc : ,nN'p" ".", Jos. vi,14: · mN'p" MT: LXXe2: il"lVil N':Jm · ilN:J il"lvm LXX, LXXLuc : i'l1\!)" · i'l1\!)" "N LXXbc2e2: ·\!)t.l\!)n':Jt.l '\!)N · '\!)O\!)il n':J LXX: \!)o\!)n':J:J '\!)N LXXo: \!)o\!)n':J '\!)N

VI,30-31

· tI\!), tI\!) 't.lvm

CHAPTER TWO

LXX:

il"~N

tI\!)

,,'OV',

LXXLuc : "~N tI\!)

,ovm

VI,32

LXX, LXXo: il"V' MT: 'i"'il • '\!>N Tl'Nil LXX: TO 8ello epyoß LXX bc2e2: TO 8ello ßoepyol; '\!>N (reading left to right) LXXo: TO 8ellO ßoepyol; LXX transcribes :1l'N ilr.l l1N', LXXLuc Tl'N:1 ilr.ll1N' "and what is in argaz". Both here (verse 15) and at verse 11 (line 24) the final bet(a) stands for mem, and ma ergam transcribes ilr.ll'r.l- see Provo 26:8: ilm'r.l:1 l:1N '''~:I. So LXX explained the mysterious Tl'N and the large rock, confusing ilr.ll'r.l with Ileyoilr.l "something large", describing the rock. Jos. vi,14 says that the men ofBeyt Shemesh dropped TO epyov "the work" in their joy at seeing the ark. He meant, of course, TO epyoS, the box with the offering; and because ofthis blunder they were punished with a plague (verse 14). Similar punishment was me ted out to Aza and his sons when they dropped the ark on the way from Kiryat Yaarim (2 Sam. 6:6-8).

VI,32-33

· :1mil

VI,33

· m'\!>',

• il'1» · "Vil

',:I l1N'

MT: :1m

LXX boc2e2: tlm'\!>', LXX, LXXLuc:,v

"N

',:I il"V '\!>N'

LXX b': tlr.l\!>" LXXLuc : \!>r.l\!>11':1:1 '\!>N tI'\!>lNi11

. tI,":1T1 MT, LXX boc 2e2: tI,":1T ,":1T" LXX b': n:1T ,":1T" Correct Taylor, line 9 in text: "8umov" to 8umoS' and in the apparatus "8umov] 8umoS' b Bya2 Nn*" to 8umoS'] 8umov A b' nb. · i11il"

LXXLuc : Nmil tI,,:1 i11il" LXX, LXX Luc : tI'l1\!>,!)il Jos. vi,15: tI'l1\!>,!)il

Nmil tI,,:1

· tI"l1\!>'!)

VI,35

LXX, LXX Luc : l"P\!>N · tI"l1\!>'!)il MT: tI'l1\!>'!)

VI,36

· tI\!>Nil

'l"PV

,V

· inN i1i\!>N'

LXX b: + inN · inN

mv,

• l"P\!>N'

MT, LXX: tI\!>N

m"

LXX, LXXoc2e2: inN ill11TV' LXX boc2e2: inN mv" LXX Luc : l"P\!>N',

LXXo e2: inN m" ofLXXo e2: TH! rES) LXX b: • inN

VI,37

LXX: :1m

LXX: \!>r.l\!>11':1 '\!>lN,

· \!>r.l\!> 11':1 '\!>lN,

VI,34

',:I ,:1 '\!>N

m,

• l"PV'

· :1mil

LXX boe2: l"PV';" LXX Luc : :1m

LXXb': inN i11il', ill11TV' LXX b': -

LXXC2: inN

m l"N"

(rH! rES instead

LXXC2: l"PV l"N" (see note just above)

· ,!)tm il'N MT: '!)~r.l LXX, LXX Luc : '!)~r.l' Cf. LXXLuc at verse 3: il,N tlil' "r.lN', (for MT: "r.lN") and at verse 4: '!)~r.l' il'N tlil, ,'r.lN', (for MT: '!)~r.l "r.lN") COLUMN VI

(1 SAM. 5: 10-6: 19)

57

VI,38

LXX e2: "Vl

·1'Vt.l

· P~il

VI,39

bet/mem interchange

LXX, LXXLuc : TOU N:> 'N1OU> 'l!:J' ':J.in V'" 0"1:In ' " U\)!:JU>' U, mn LXX o is as 4QSama restored, i.e. it transposed the additional senten ce to verse 12, where it is totally out of context; cf. at viii,4: onN o,U>". Jos. vi,36: + 'N1OU> 'l'V:J. O":J.in The text dropped due to a one-line haplography from 0"1:In to o",m. See Plate XXXIII, number 2. Cf. above to line 24.

"0

"0

'V",

VII,36

· 'U>N:>

VII,37

· 'tlNO MT: + 'tlNO mN ':> LXX, LXX Luc : + 'tlNO 'nN ON ':> LXXP·, Coptic, Cyril: 'tlNO Jos. vi,38: + 'tlNO mN ':>

MT, LXX Luc : 'U>N ,:>,

· o'U>von

· ,u>v

LXX Luc : on'U>vo

LXX, LXXLuc : +',

Jos. vi,38: n'Nn o'U>von

VII,38

· 'n,vn LXXb : 'nN~,n Jos., vi,38: mN~,n · mn opn iV' LXX: mn opn iV Jos. vi,38: -

VII,39

· o',nN LXX Luc : + om,u>' Ol' ,U>v non 'U>N · i'vn MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + on, nil;" LXxdp: i'vn niV;" nim

Jos. vi,39:

Column VIII (l Sam. 8:9-9:15) PAM 43.107, 41.768, 43.124 D3 and G4, Plate VIII

VIII,!

VIII,2

MT:-

· nN I · ,:J.,

MT, LXXLuc : ',:J.,

"N

LXXLuc : + ,:>

COLUMN VIII

(l SAM. 8:9-9: 15)

63

VIII,3

o

'J2:::.il

, 0:"')')

Note the interlinear mem shared by LXXe2: U',),)

, OOW,

VIII,4

Jos. vi,40: + Oil'

LXX Luc : + Oil'

, 'ON"

LXXO: ow,

MT: " ow,

Jos. vi,40: oow,

LXX Luc : Pl:>'

MT: Ull:>'Ol

'l'l:>'l

"0 in line 2 and ,'Oil in line 3. Jos. vi,40: Pl:>'

4QSama restored = LXX has EV 0P\lOOlV OUTOU against LXX Luc , Jos. vi,40: 0P\lOTllAOT05 (the word only again at 2 Macc. 9:4) , "W'!)l' LXX: 'O'~" MT: ,~" Jos. vi,40: O'~' (OPO\lEI5)

"W,!)"

, Ol1N O'W"

LXXc : omw"

LXX, LXX Luc : ~'N

, O'!)'N , mNO

VIII,5

VIII,6

VIII,7

MT: " O'W" LXX: " omw" LXX Luc : " Oo'W', LXXo: + verse 6 transposed, see above to VII,35

MT: o'won

Jos. vi,40: ~'N

LXX, LXX Luc : ilNO

", MT, LXX, LXX Luc :_ , ,w',n w,n" LXX: , "'~i'

LXX, LXX bc2e2: + "'~l '~l"

"l:>'

LXX, LXX Luc : Pl:>'

, m!)N" mnl""

LXXO: + "~l '~l"

LXX Luc : m!)N, mnl'"

, 0:>'l1'1W

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + 0:>'0':> l1N,

, o:>'),),n

LXXO: o:>),),n

, 'W),), 0:>'0'"

LXX Luc : 0:>'0'" 'W),),

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : + "1l)')" vi,41: + Ul)')OWO" (Kat aW\lOTocpUAO~I) ''''0'1'0'

VIII,8

Jos. vi,40: ilNO

, 0:>'1l),) l1N' , O:>'l1ilON

LXXh\

P'O"'O'

Jos.

LXXO: 0:>'1l),)" MT: o:>'l1m!)\!.l

, O'lmil o:>',ml LXX: lmm O:>'i'l LXXLuc : O'lmil O:>'i'l Jos. vi,41: O"i'lil "1)') (ßOOKll\lOTWV 0YEA05) Josephus summarized 8:16: o:>',1On l1N, O'l,"il o:>',ml l1N' o:>'l1m!)\!.l l1N' 0:>'1l),) l1N' by changing 0'1l» "servants" to 0"1» "flocks" and by abbreviating o:>',1On l1N' o',ml with o',1On o',ml "weighty young men", who became O"Pl "steers". Compare the interplay between "steer" = ,!) and lad = ')')l in the

LXXl4QSama II,9-1 0 addition to 1 Sam. 1:24. VIII,9

64

LXX, LXX Luc : '\!.l),)' np'

, '\!.l),)' , O:>lN~'

MT: il\!.l),)' np' MT: O:»N~

, Pilm

MT, LXX Luc : ,ml1 Ol1N'

CHAPTER TWO

LXX: l1Pil Ol1N'

LXX: O"lV

· tl"lV'

r=

,.. r= ,...

,..

r=

r= ,...

z

MT: t-mm OPl

r= r=1 p

I

o

...... ......

;;

VIII, 10-11

h n p

o

...... ......

;;

-- - --

VIII, 10

· "Y.l 0:>' on,nl ':>

VIII, 12

· il'il'

............ ......

>

VIII, 11

LXX: "Y.l 0:>' on,nl onN ':> LXX Luc : "Y.l 0:>' on'N\!.! onN ':> (LXXo: Oill for 0:>') ·UVY.l" LXX, LXXLuc : lVY.l" · 'Nm\!.! "i'l LXX: 'Nm\!.!, los. vi,43: 'Nm\!.! "l' Or de1ete 'Nm\!.! and insert ON ':> N' - see next note and cf. III,19: N':> "i" 'VY.l\!.!' N" for 1 Sam. 2:25: ':> Oil'lN "i" 'VY.l\!.!' N" . MT: + ON ':> N' LXX, LXXLuc : + ON ':> N'il " Cf. 1 . nY.lN" Sam. 10: 19 where LXX has ':> ON ':> N'il (LXXLuc : ON ':> N'il) for ':> ".

01

-

...... ...... ......

>

LXX b: "Y.l' MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + u:>'Y.l

+

· UUll\!.!'

MT: -

VIII, 13

· \!.!'i' m\!.!, · 'N'lN

LXXLuc : i11\!.! LXX Luc : ":>Y.l

Q

!:'

LXX: "v LXX: ':>l

los. vi,45: o\!.! \!.!'i'

~

VIII, 17

LXX, LXXLuc : \!.!'i' '7 o\!.!, LXXe2: 7N'lO r

· n":>l

los. vi,45: \!.!'N 'i1" los. vi,45: l'Y.l'll Ul\!.!Y.l

r r=

·",~

LXX: \!.!'N' MT: 1'Y.l' 1lY.l

CIl

· \!.!'N 'il" · l'Y.l'll 'llY.l

o .....,

VIII, 16

r-

.,:>,

J'.

VIII,15

LXX Luc : _ r=

,..r=

LXXLuc : 7m "ll \!.!'N LXX, LXXLuc : los. vi,45: il'i1 LXX, LXX Luc : " o\!.!,

7N'\!.!' 'lll N7 lm \!.!'N

VIII, 19

VIII,20

N

· lm 'N'\!.!' 'llY.l \!.!'N l'N'

Cl)

o

N U

g

...... ...... ......

>

-

00

VIII,18

00

I

r--

-

VIII,17-18

LXX: lm 7N'\!.!' 'llll'N' LXX b: 7N'\!.!' 'l:1:1 :1'U \!.!'N l'N

LXXo c2e2: l'N

LXX, LXXLuc : ilY.l'Nil LXXb'o: PlN . ni'

MT: + Nl

(1 SAM. 8:9-9:15)

-

>=

~

~

....J

o

U

COLUMN VIII

65

LXX, LXXLuc : 'Wi'l' "" ,mi" · nunNil LXXLuc : + nN Wi'l' "" 1nN "lN "V1l 1nN ni'" "NW tJi'" "lN W'i' nunN The LXXLuc plus is original and comprises exactly one line of 4QSama text. See Plate XXXIII, number 3. The copyist skipped from nunNil to 'lV", the next word one line under, as the result of confusion between tJ'i'" nunNil and W'i' nunN at each end ofthe skipped text. · 'lV" LXX, LXXoe2: "lV" LXX b: "", LXXC2: 'Nl" · Wi'l " tJ'i"

· 'ill

VIII,21

LXX, LXX Luc : "ill (LXXb'*: 'ill) LXX, LXX boe2: "lV"

LXXC2: 'Nl" · ilW'W LXX, LXXOC2: iln,~ LXX be2 : il"V LXX and LXXOC2 interpreted the move from the mounts Efraim as a leap down, and thus read ilW'W as iln,~ "leap". LXXbe2 extended this exegesis by supplying EAXa, i.e. '(')'V, which completes the citation of 1 Sam. 10:6: ,,'V iln,~, "And (the spirit ofthe Lord) willjump on you (after you meet the prophets going down from the high place)". · 'lV,,1

· l'N' tJ"vw LXX: 1'N' tJ'WVN LXXLuc : 'N~O N" tJ"VW "Vil '1l LXX Luc extended the parallel between this journey and the one in the next

chapter by drawing on 1 Sam. 10:3: 'N n'l tJ'il'Nil 'N tJ"V(w) tJ'W1N ilW'W tJ'1l ilW'W NW1 1nN to explain the connection between ilW'W and tJ"vw. LXX: EA:LAKEM, i.e. BA:LAKEM, i.e. m>lll "in the hill(s)" - see 1 Sam. 10:9 LXX: UJ'Wl ,m1!)l il'i11 and 9:2: tJVil 'lO illl il,vm m,wo ... "NW mw,. Saul turned "in his shoulder", i.e. he turned "in his height", he turned 1i1lll, he turned ilVlll. See to IX,28 and 29. LXX, LXXLuc : "lV"

· 'lV,,2

VIII,22

· '1m' LXX: tJ'i" LXXLuc : 1'l' LXX: iakeim, i.e. tJ'i", i.e. (ilOlilO) 1'" tJ'i" - see 1 Sam. 25: 1: l'N!) 'l10 'N 1'" 1" tJi'" ilO'l ... LXX:

ota TT'JS" YT'JS" EaoaKEIl ... ota TT'JS" YT'JS" taKEtll says: "through the hills ... through the lowland". · /'p~ l"Nl tJ'Nl ilOil MT: ~,~ l"Nl 'Nl ilOil LXX: ~'~l tJ'Nl ilOil LXX Luc : ~,~ l"Nl 'Nl ilOi11 · 'ON "NW'

VIII,23

· mmNilO · 'V1il

VIII,24

· tJ'i11'Nil · nNTil · 1l'1

VIII,25

66

LXXLuc : "NW 'ON" LXXLuc : + mlN1 MT: -

LXXLuc : "V1

MT, LXX bc2: tJ'il'N LXX b':LXXLuc : 1l'1' ,"l

."

LXXLuc : ' "

'ilnv

LXX, LXXLuc : ilnv,

CHAPTER TWO

Jos. vi,47: -

"'N

Theha MT: + DlV LXXboC2: + "'N Nl LXXe2: + could also be waw - that is the waw in l"N for "'N "'N il"l as MT - since ha is built from two waws, and only the left part of the letter is preserved. · il"V LXXe2: il"N · 1:1"l

VIII,26

MT: + '1»l' LXX, LXXLuc : + mv 'lVN "Vl' Jos. vi,47: 'ON LXXd : "NlV 'ON" · ilm LXXo: + 'lVN · ~.pll LXXo: illVVl (rrorllOo~Ev cf. LXXb: arrolaw~Ev, LXX: olao~Ev)

· "NlV 'ON"

LXX, LXXLuc : + D'il'Nil LXxe2: + u,

· lV'N'

· ,rN

LXX, LXXLuc :

,'V (rrAElov)

Jos. vi,47: i11mn (aVTI TTjS' rrpoTjTEtaS' 0 rrapaaxwOIv aUTw) LXXlLXXLuc also interpreted il"lVn as i11mn "what is given in exchange" and shortened i11,vn, which at Ruth 4:7 is synonym of il,mn, to · il"lVn

,'V.

VIII,27

LXX, LXX Luc : + unN

'l'N

LXX: u, 'lVN

· unN ilO

VIII,28

· lV'N'

VIII,29

MT:

· ilnm,

LXXLuc : u, 'lVN mo

mm,

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : + D'il'Nil

LXX, LXX boC2: 'N'lV'l D'l!)"

· 'N'lV'l D'l!)'

Jos. vi,48: -

LXX d: "

LXX b': 'N'lV'l' D'l!)"

LXXe2: 'N'lV' 'l!)" LXX: lV'N 'ON

· lV'Nil 'ON · D'm'N

LXX, LXXLuc : n"l LXX, LXXLuc : D'i1'Nil

VIII,29-30

· il"l' '"

LXX: il"l il"

VIII,30

· D"il

· m"l

LXX, LXXLuc : LXX, LXX Luc : DVil N'i'

· N'i"

VIII,31

"1»l'

'1'l'

·,'V,

· il"l

LXX, LXX Luc : "Vl 'N LXX: 'l'il LXX, LXXLuc : il"l' MT: , 'Vil 'N

· D'm'Nil lV'N DlV

· ilOil

LXX Luc : DlV D'i1'Nil lV'N

LXX Luc : ilom

· ilOil

VIII,32

LXX Luc : lV'N D'i1'N lV'N "ON il'

mm

· n"Vl

MT, LXX: ilom LXX: m1»lil nN

COLUMN VIII

(l

SAM.

8:9-9:15)

67

VIII,33

· rn1vm OrnN · m10Nrn

VIII,34

· O:Pl!:l' '1no

MT: ornN LXX: + on,

LXX: ornN rn1Vln Jos. vi,48: m10Nrn

MT: 1'l!:l' LXX:-

LXX Luc : '1no LXX: opn, nnv LXX boc2e2: nnv "

· opn N" nnv

LXXb': " nnv

LXXo: " · OV,

LXXLuc : + o"n, LXXbe2: OVl

· mN

LXX, LXXLuc : + 1'Vl

· 1'V'

VIII,35

· nnOln

VIII,36

· '1nN · 0'N1i'n

VIII,37

LXX, LXXLuc : nnOl (E15 ßal-la) LXX, LXXLuc : '1nN' LXX, LXXLuc : 0"1,m

MT: + 'r1N LXXo: OVTI (instead of OTI) MT gives "beeause" twiee: onee in Hebrew: ", and onee in Greek: 'nN = OTI transliterated into Hebrew letters. For the erronious waw in lnN " in the printed Bible, cf. 2 Sam. 13:8: 'I!",rn, whieh is eorreet for 4QSama but massoretieally ineorreet for \!)'rn. • N"

· mN

LXXLuc : + 1'Vl

· non

LXXb : nom

VIII,38

· nOln

LXX, LXXLuc : nnOl (cf. line 35)

VIII,39

· N'l 'nv, nNTil nv,

LXX, LXXLuc : + "'N LXXLuc : + nNTil

· \!)'N 1"N n'\!)N

68

Jos. vi,48: 0'N1i'n

CHAPTER TWO

Jos. vi,49: + nNTil

LXXb': 1"N \!)'N n'\!)N

Cf. Josh. 11 :6: 1no

LXXe2: \!)'N n'\!)N

Column IX (l Sam. 9:16-10:19) PAM 43.107,43.114,41.764,41.177,43.113 B8, Plate IX IX,1

IX,2

o

"ll"

LXXo: "ll

o

'OY "y

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + "N1\!)'

o

y'\!)U"

o

'Oy l1N

o

0 "11\!)"!)

o

'lY

o

'l1i'Y~

LXXe2: l1Y\!)U" LXX Luc : + "N1\!)' LXX b': O'l1\!)"!)n MT:LXX, LXX Luc : Ol1i'Y~ LXX Luc : + 10N" Jos. vi,50:

°mlY

IX,3

LXX: TH:L for LXX Luc : rH:L

MT, LXX Luc : 10'll 1'1NO

°1'0'llO

LXX, LXXLuc : 1" 'OY "Y ,,\!)o' MT: 'OYl 1~Y'

01'''N o

o

"n~\!)

Jos. vi,50: LXX: 'O»l ,,\!)o'

MT: "Nm\!) l1N "'N\!)

l1N "Nm\!)

,my Jos. vi,50: ,,\!)o'

LXX, LXX boC2: "Nm\!) "N "n~\!)

LXX e2: "'N\!) "N "Nm\!) Jos. vi,50: "Nm\!) l1N "'N\!) }'yn1m l MT: 1Y\!)il1U"ll Acts 10: 17: 1y\!)n "Y The story of SauliPaul' s conversion and its aftennath draws heavily on the account of Saul' s coronation - cf. under to lines 13-14. o

IX,4

IX,5

o

10N"

o

,,,

o

10N"

o

N,n

o

nOln

o

o

IX,6

LXX e2: + "'N\!) ,"

Jos. vi,50: "N\!)"

LXX: Jos. vi,50: LXX bc 2e2: + ," Jos. vi,51: 10W' MT: ilN1il LXX, LXX boc2e2: n110l LXX, LXX Luc : l1"'N'

Ol1"'N' mll1N'"

LXX: 1'l1Ul1N'"

LXXb': nl1l\!) Jos. vi,51: mll1N'"

LXX:-

01"

LXXo c2e2: 1l"" 1l' O\!)l1 "N (J-lTj 8115 TI EI5 TllV KCXPOICXV

°1l" mt O\!)l1 "N

oou) LXx b: 1l"" 1"r (J-lVllo811Tl ... ) Correct Taylor, 291ine 8: "J-lTj 8115 TI" to IJTj 8115 TI EI5 and in the apparatus "J-lTj 8Tj5 TI] J-lVTj08TjTI E15" to J-lll 8115 TI] J-l Vllo811TI.

MT: + ",

0'0'"

IX,7

N'

oN",;,

LXX: LXX b': ill1N

01' o

Jos. vi,51: + ",

LXX, LXX Luc : l1'l" LXX Luc : + 'l!)' il"Y LXX: II \!)'N LXXLuc : \!)'N II

l1'l ' " ' '

°1'lN

oll

COLUMN IX (l SAM. 9:16-10:19)

69

IX,7-8

LXX: "l\!) n"l'J l"i' '\!)N LXXLuc : n"l'J l"i' '\!)N '''l\!)l'J LXXe2*: '''l\!)l'J n"l'J 1"i'l'J '\!)N OKllTTTPOU and V 1"V

il\1>V

LXX: 'O'i1'H

Jos. vi,57: 'O'i1'mil

LXXb': 1"V LXX: 'V'lil LXXLuc : il'l'lil LXX: '1H

• ,l,lil · '1" ':lUH

IX,27

LXXe2: vaßatal

MT, LXX, LXXLuc :_

· ilOll m,v,

Cf. 1 Sam. 9:12-13: l'H~mn':I

ilnolil il,V' 'O1"l 1nH.

LXXLuc : n1lT" il"V · '0'0,\1> ,"ln LXX: '0"0'\1> 'O,"ln LXXLuc : 'O'nlT '0'0,\1> Jos. vi,57: xaploTTlpla Josephus amalgamated the two types of offerings and renamed itlthem according to the upcoming verb in the verse: 'r1V"i11, which he tumed to 'r1'"i11, "And I will (give a) thank(s-offering)". ·m'v

MT: nlT, m,v

· 'H'l

LXXC2: H'l

IX,27-28

• il\1>vn 1\1>H

l' 'r1V'i11

IX,28

·10:1\1> 'nl!li1'

LXX: il"V

Acts 9:7: il\1>vn 1\1>H

LXX: 1O:l\1>l nU!l:l

l'

1l""

LXXboC2: 1O:l\1>l ,'H\1> nU!l'

LXXe2: 'O:l\1>l ,'H\1>, nU!l:l The problem throughout the coronation epic is whether ilOl is place name and the approach "to Bama" is thus ilnOl = EIS" ßaJ-la (9: 13, 19) or whether ilOl is "high place" and the approach to it ilOlil as 10:13: ilOlil Hl" = Kat EPXETat EIS" TOV ßouvov. The Biblical correspondences: ilVll = ßouvov and ilOl = U~TlAOS" became displaced in 1 Samue1 as a result ofU~TlAOS" in connection with illl at 2:3 and 9:2, and thus with ilVll; and this displacement left its mark with the hybrids ilnOlil at 9: 13 and iln»llil at 10:10 (see below line 29). LXX and LXXLuc : 1O,\1>l mean 1i1lll "in his height" - see to VIII,21 - i.e. 'lll "with his back", i.e. ilVlll "oh the hill". He tumed "with his height=his back" and he was "in Giva". · l, 'O'i11,Hil " 1!lil" MT: l, 'O'i1,H " 1!lil" LXX: l, 'O'i1,Hil " 1!lil LXXe2: l, " 'O'i1,Hil1!lil" LXXb : l77 'O'i1,Hil ,nH 1!lil" IX,29

· il,Hil

LXX:-

LXX: ilVllil '0\1>0 Hl" LXXLuc: ilOl '0\1>0 Hl" ilVllil See above to line 28. LXX: Kai EPXETai EIS" TTlV ßouvov could also be ilOlil '0\1>0 Hl"; LXX and LXXLuc had as Vorlage i11llil 10:1\1>0 Hl"· ilnVllil '0\1> 'Hl"

74

CHAPTER TWO

,:>0 illl il'Vr.n m:>\Vo, and LXXLuc added ilOl in Greek letters to gloss O\VO into m:>\Vo, ilOlO\VO = m:>\Vo (bet and kof are identical;

cf. 1 Sam. 9:2: OVil

waw is half of ha). At 10:5 the place is O'il'Nil nVll, which Jos. vi,56 changed to ilnVll and wrote yaßa8a. · 'ln LXX, LXX Luc : ,mo The word is written large, as is nn,~:n 1"V in line 24. See P AM 43.114 top right, left one of the three fragments, line 4. Note especially the abnormally large wedge of the lamed, as weH as its overly erect shaft extending to the top of the mem in the line above it. Cf. 34,22, where the shaft ofthe lamed ending the line extends almost to the top ofthe final mem above it (see the plate at Herbert, 252). Lines 30-32 appear, m"o Nl" paraphrased, at Mark 13:54-55 a : 'ilon', onUl:> n'll onN N'il 'llil II N"il nmNm nNTil ilo:>nil ilTO 'N "ON".

'0'"

IX,30

LXX boC2: O'il,Nil

· o'm'N

·,v,,,

,:> 'il"

LXX:

"V,,, ,:> "il"

LXX boC2:

"V'" ,:> ,mN' '\vN:> il'm

LXxe2: "N" ,:> ,mN' '\vN:> il'm (IOOVTES' for EIOOTES') Jos. vi,56: ilN' ,:> 'il" IX,30-31

· o,\V,\V ,mno

IX,31

·· 'N'il N'" illm

MT: o\V,\V ,mnNo

LXX, LXX Luc : o,\V,\V, ,mnN

LXX b': 'N'

MT: illm LXX Luc : il'il N,m · "ON" Nl'l O'Nllil 1ml MT: 'ON" Nll O'Nll OV 'ON" O'Nllil LXX boc2e2: "ON" NllO O'Nllil 1ml 'ON" NllO o:>ml IX,32

'O\VO · Oil'lN

LXX: 1ml LXX b':

LXX, LXX Luc : OilO LXX, LXX Luc : "lN

IX,33

. ilOlil LXX, LXXoc2e2: ilVllil LXX b: ilOl ilVllil (EIS' TOV ßOUVOV ßa~a) Jos. vi,58: iln'lil See above to lines 28 and 29.

IX,33-34

LXX: "Vl 'N' ",N "" · "Vl" " ,'N\v ", MT: "Vl 'N' ",N "N\v ,n e c b LXXo 2 2: "Vl" "" " LXX : nVl' nn " Jos. vi,58: "" "David"/"unde",n is confused with ", = OlKEl05 "housemate" also at 1 Sam. 14:50 (col. 14, line 6). 80th LXX b and Josephus specified "", the first explicitly with lTaTpaoEAcpo5 aUTOU, the second exegetically with several embellishments drawn from Canticles, which often uses the word ,n, but never ",. For example, he added at vi,58 the sentence: "For he loved hirn more than the other housemates", which exudes the Canticles love story. The confusion between ", "housemate" and ,n "unde" is not just a matter of misread waw/yod and resh/dalet, but rather proceeds, apparently, from Cant. 5:1-2: p!.ln ',n,v 'l" ill'\V' 'lN O'1n ":>\v', where someone understood ":>~,, 0"" in the sense "and uncles rented (a roomlapartment)".

IX,34

· 'ON"

LXX, LXXoc2e2: "ON"

COLUMN IX

(1 SAM. 9:16-10:19)

75

o

IX,35

MT:

il~,:m

0,~m'l!)' o

"~'I!) 1"

~,:m

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : ,~,tl'l!)'~ LXX: "~'I!) ,~ "1il

LXXx: ,~,tl'l!)'

LXXQC2e2: "~'I!) "1

LXXb'o: "~'I!)' "1il

LXXa : "~'I!) "1il MT: tJ:J, o "

IX,36

IX,36-37 IX,38

o ""

1'lil

LXXo c2e2:

MT: + 1lil LXX, LXX b: 1lil "'1 MT: U, 1'lil

o

"

o

,~m'l!) ,tl~ ''I!)~

LXX:-

"'1

Jos. vi,59: -

0i'V~" LXX: fV'" LXX Luc : 1V'" Jos. vi,60: i'V~" For fV"'= Kat rrOPTlYYEI"EV (SO LXX here) see 1 Kings 12:6. Maybe the original text

had i'V~', which is virtually identical to fV'" in the script. LXX Luc accepted LXX but changed the final tsade to dalet to achieve 1V'" KO I auvTlyoYEV "and he gathered", which gives the required sense. For 1V'= auvoycu see Neh. 6:2 and 10. o

o

LXX, LXXLuc : + ,:J mil' ,~ tJVil LXX b': mil' tJV

n~

Jos. vi,60: n~ Jos. vi,60:

,'V iln~~tl tJVil

tJil"~ MT: '~''I!)' 'i1'~ mil' ,tl~ il:J '~''I!)' 'll ,~ LXX, LXXLuc : ,tl~, '~''I!)' 'i1'~ mil' ,tl~ il:J '~''I!)' 'll ,~ (LXX b deletes 'i1'~; LXXb' deletes o

The successors of 4QSama stumbled over mil' tJil"~ "to them Lord", read mil' tJ'i1'~ "God, Lord", and expanded the scroll's simple explanatory sentence into a lavishly introduced divine utterance.

,tl~,)

'll ,,:J n~ il'Vil mil' 'll n~ o

IX,39

0

,'~m

MT: n~ 'n"Vil ':Jl~

LXX, LXX Luc : 'n"Vil ':Jl~

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : ,,~~,

01'0 LXX, LXXLuc : + "tl ilV'~ Jos. vi,60 translated 1'tl (EK XElp0S-) literally with orrOXElpOTOUOI, thus changing "(God delivered them)

from the hand" to "they dismissed (God) from the hand".

1'm

LXX: m:J'tltlil ,:Jtl, LXXb: m:J'tltlil ,:J 1'm LXXC2: tJ':J'tlil ,:J o

76

m:J'tltlil ,:J

CHAPTER TWO

LXXoe2: m:J'tltlil ,:J

'1'm

'1'm

Column X (1 Sam. 10:19-11 :11) PAM 41.177, 41.764, 43.114, Plate X

X,l

LXXb'o*: U'i1'~ MT, LXXboac2e2: D::"n,~ D'i1,~n or vi,61: D'n,~ · D:J' V'\Vm LXX, LXX Luc : V'\vUl D:J'

X,2

LXX: ':J D~ ':J ~,n LXXLuc : D~ ':J ~,n · D:J'!)'~" LXX: D:Jm,n!)\Vn" Jos. vi,61: D:Jmnm" LXX: KaTa Ta5 q,uAa5 UI.lWV and Josephus (KaTa q,uAa5) reversed ~,~ to ~'!) and transcribed the result with q,uAa(5). Josephus added another tumaround, reversing the order to "families and tribes".

X,3

· D'm,~n

Jos. vi,60:

. ':J ~"

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : + ,:J

·n~l

Jos. vi,61: + ,:J

· ,:J," · n~2

LXXo: ,,:J," Jos. vi,62: ,:J," LXXe2: LXX: Kai TTpooayel OKTJTTTpOV probably agrees with LXXe2: KaI TTpOOTJyayev TTJ q,UATJ against LXXboC2: KaI TTpOOTJyayev TTJV q,UATJV in making "tribe" subject ofthe verb. Cf. 1:24 (II,9) LXX: KaI TTpOOTJyayov eVWTTlOV KUPIOU, LXX Luc : KaI TTpOOTJyayov aUTOV eVWTTlOV

KUpIOU.

· pmn!)\Vn, LXX, LXXoc2e2: mn!)\Vn, LXXb: nn!)\Vn, Jos. vi,62: nn!)\Vn, X,4

. ',,,nn nn!)\Vn LXXLuc : ,n~ \V'~,

',,,n nn!)\Vn n~ '::l"P" ',,,n nn!)\Vn ',,,nn nn!)\Vn n~ ::l'P', ',,,nn nn!)\Vn Jos. vi,62: D'\Vl~' m::l"p" t>,,,n n~"p nn!)\Vnn LXX and LXXLuc continued the debate over nn::l/nn::ln (see to IX,28) by including initial ha in the transcribed LXX: D'\Vl~'

name (LXXLuc : al.laTTapel) or not including (LXX: l.laTTapel). Josephus: l.laTpl5 sided with LXX. Correct Taylor, 33 twice in the text and twice in the apparatus: "al.laTTapI" to al.laTTapel. · ,m\Vp::l" LXX, LXX Luc : ,n\Vp::l" Jos. vi,63: m,\Vp::l"

· ,'V "~\V"

X,5

LXX;

,'v ,~m\V ,~\V"

Jos. vi,64:

~'::lln ,~\V"

· mn'::l

LXX bc2e2: + ,n~',

. \V'~

D,n

MT: \V'~ LXX b': -

LXXLuc : ,~m\V

LXXo: + ,n~"

D,n ,'V LXX: D,n \V'~n

,'V ,~\V"

Jos. vi,64: D'i1,~n LXXLuc : \V'~n

D,n ,'V

· ~,n Jos. vi,65: ,,~\V · D":Jn ,~ LXX: D":J::l LXXLuc : D',:J::l nn\V · ,n1np" ,~"" LXX: ,nnp" f"" LXXLuc : ,nnp" ,~m\V f"" Jos. vi,65: mnp" n,\V X,6

· ::l~m', . Dvn 3

LXX Luc : + ,,~\V

Jos. vi,66: m::l'~"

LXXo: -

COLUMNX(1 SAM. 10:19-11:11)

77

X,7

MT: i1lil' ,:J LXXe2: " i1lil' Jos. vi,66: O'il'Hil (tnl) " MT: OVil " l Jos. vi,66: " l LXX: LXXLuc : Jos. vi,66:

· ilHP " · O"':J

'v'"

'lV'"

X,8

·

",

V'"

MT, LXX, LXXoc2e2:_

'"on

V",

Jos. vi,66: -

LXXLuc : il"'Oil

2

. ,mjm, \!)'H "",

X,9

MT: UPl' \!)'H LXX, LXXo: ,mpo, \!)'H "" Luc · ill1V:Jl LXX : ilVllil Jos. vi,67: ill1Vll LXX (E15 yaßaa) agreed with MT and interpreted ill1Vll as place-name ilVll with directional afforrnative ill1-. LXXLuc : eij ton bounon had as Vorlage ilVllil "the hill". Josephus (E15 yaßa8TJv) agreed with LXX/MT but ignored the afforrnative. See to IX,28-29.

X,10

. ,mil 'l:J mv MT: ,mil mv LXX, LXXo c2e2: ,'n 'll LXX b: ,'nil 'll To the plural ouvallEwv in UIOI ouvallEwv cf. 1 Sam. 8:12: XIAlapxou5 (i.e. ~'H ,,\!») for MT: O'O'H ,,\!). Cf. 2 Kings 25:23: o',mil ,,\!) = 01 apxovTE5 TTJ5 ouvallEw5 and 26: o',mil ,,\!), = Kai 01 apxovTE5 TWV ouvallEwv. · i1lil' MT: om'H · Oll'l MT: Ol'l LXX, LXXLuc : "H\!) OV Oil'l'l MT, LXX, LXXbc2: 'V',l Nowhere else in the preserved fragments ofthe scroll is there such a large gap between words within a line; the space between 'V"lil and Oll'l here measures 14 mm. · 'V"lil

"0

", Oil' 'Pl' ilptnlll'H' 'll l1H' 'l 'll l1H vn, H'il Imv 'll \!)nll 'lV:J '\!)H 'H'\!)' 'llO \!)'H 'H\!)l H'" 'H'\!)' 2V ilo,n ill1H ll1l' 1'0' 1'V \!)'H O'O'H l1Vl\!) p, 1'0' 1'V ", nov 'll"O \!)nl " np, H2 '\!)H 11,m 'V'l \!):J' 'H 'Hl" nr.1» 'll 'lOO '~l'

X,12-15

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : -

Jos. vi,68-69 (paraphrased): O'l1'lr.1Vil,'O \!)nll 1'0' 1'V ", Oil' 'Pl" Oil"V l1H \!)l'" ilPtnl 1"m 'lV:J '\!)H O"lil'il l1H l'n, For the verb-tense in 14-15: '~l' \!)'H O'O,H l1V:J\!) cf. 2 Sam. 15:37: O,,\!)lH' O,\!)", H':J'.

X,15 (above line)

\Z"n 1ll:J 'i1 '1

MT: \!)',no, m', LXX: \!),no, 'il" LXXLuc : \!),no Jos. vi,68: \!),n ',nH The scroll words are written in small letters above the line. 'l1oyn LXX, LXXLuc : l1'lr.1Vil . Jos. vi,68: O'l1'lr.1Vil,'O 11»l' ?Y Jn'1 Luc d MT, LXX, LXX : + 'V'l LXX: 'V'lln', \!)'l' Jos. vi,71: \!)'l' l1'\!)N'il O,'V 1n', D"'V,ll on", Perhaps the sentence continued into the left margin with the word 'V'l.

,V

78

",

X,15

.

X,15-16

. 1mv 'll "0

CHAPTER TWO

,V

MT:" MT:-

LXX, LXXLuc : l1'lr.1Vil

,V

m',

X,16

,'nmm

X,17

· n"l

LXX, LXXLuc : n'lOVil MT:LXX b': 1'V 1'y.P

·1'y.P 1'V · ilo,n ilmo~"

Jos. vi,71: n1l'V n"o'

LXX: ilo,n mo~"

LXX bc2e2: ilo,n, ilmolV'

LXXo: ilo,n, " molV' LXX: 'N'lV'

· 'N'lV' ",

X,17-18

LXX, LXX bc2e2: 'lVlN " MT: 'li'T "'N Jos. vi,72: O"l'V'lil

· 'lVlN ,,, "'N

LXXo: 'lVlN " " X,18

. U, ~'il

X,19

. 'lVN

X,19-21

LXXLuc : ,,, 'N'lV'

LXXLuc : UO'il MT:-

,V ilo,n ilnolV' po' 1'V ,,, U, iln'i'l' 1'l'Vl l1\)il " " U, n'lVV' 1"N UN~"

'N'lV' "ll '''l O"N'O 'V'l lV'l' 'lVlN m,lV" 'N'lV' OVil ,,,

MT: 1"N UN~"

LXX: O"'N UN~'

LXXLuc : O"'N UN~'

n"V'lil lV'l' 'lVlN O"N'O ,n,lV" (LXXo*: U"N) Jos. vi,73 (paraphrased): 'll'N m,lV 'ON' Oil' ~'il" lV'l' 'lVlN nN ~,n', O"'N UN~' Nm lVnl i1lil 'ON' 'N'lV' "ll " l O"N'O m,lV" "'0 o,nN 'V'lV" N'il o,,'n "l" O"i' nN 'N'lV' 'll 'NlV" ili'tnl unN l'm, For 'N'lV' OVil ,,, in the restoration see line 30: 'N'lV' OVil ,,, ,V for verse 7: OVil 'V, LXX: ,V 'N'lV' OVil.

X,21

. lV'l' "N'O vi,74: O"N'Oil

MT, LXX: O"N'Oil

LXX Luc : lV'l' "N'O

Jos.

· "NlV nVll LXX, LXXbc2e2: "NlV ,N ilVllil LXXo: 'N ilnVll Jos. vi,74: "NlV 1'0 ,'v See to IX,28 and line 9 above. "NlV · il'Nil MT, LXX: -

X,22

· 'NlV"

X,22-24

· '0 "ON" l'Vil 'V il~'N l'l'lV" i'lV 'lVl'" o,~ Nmil O"l 'N'lV' ,,, 'D1~"

LXXo: NlV"

Jos. vi,74: 'NlV"

'lmVil lVnl ''0 UV'lV" MT, LXX, LXX Luc : Cf. 1 Sam. 7:6: N'ilil o"lm,~'" 2 Sam. 12:16: il~'N l'lV' 1" Nl' o,~ "" O~", 2 Sam. 1:12: l1Vil 'V m~', "l', 1100" and 1 Sam. 4:8: il'Nil O""Nil om'Nil ''0 U,,~, '0.

X,24

· mlVil 10 'i'lil ',nN 'i"ll

MT: mlVil 10 'i'lil ',m~

LXX:

LXXLuc : mlVO 'i'lil ',m~ 'i'll Jos. vi,75: n"lVO Saul is about to dissect a yoke of oxen and send it on display in all Israel, just as the bereaved courtier dissected his raped to death concubine and sent the pieces on display (Judges 19:27-30). Furthermore,

mlVO 'i'lO "Vil mlV

COLUMN X

(1

SAM.

10:19-11:11)

79

the courtier suffered the loss as he lodged with an old man who invited hirn and his lad to his house in Giva (verses 16-21), just as the aged Samuel invited Saul and his lad to (the) Bama/Giva. Saul came in the evening, after his work and the all-day fast - see Judges 19: 16: 10 H,\!)VO 10 Nl 1i'T \!)'N i'llin l'Vl i'11\!)i'l.

X,24-25

· ':Jl' ':J tlV' i'l0

X,25

· 1V'l \!)'l' '\!)lN

MT, LXX Luc : \!)'l' '\!)lN

LXX: \!)'l' 'll

LXXc*: lTvm

· n,~m

LXX, LXXLuc : ini'l'

· tI'in'N

X,26

LXX: tlVi'l i'l:Jl' V,10

MT:-

· tli'l"V

For LXXLuc cf. 2 Sam. 16: 11: i'lnv ':J ~N' as LXX Luc : ~N emphasis. The sense is "He grew angrier" 1NO ~N ,n',. · '!lN

X,26-29

i'l'in tI':JN'Oi'l 1'l 'N'\!)' "ll ,,:Jl tln,\!)" tlmm ,\!)V tI'l\!)' tli'l'nm~v, tlnnl" tI"~O l"NO ,N'\!)' 'll m,v tI'1'O' nNT:J i'lnN'l N", i'ln'i'll N" 'ON, i'lN"i'l ,,:J ,'l1, ,~V tli'l"V tI:J' 'O'\!) i'lTi'l tI'1'i'l 1V MT: 'ON' tI':JN'Oi'l 1'l 'N'\!)' "ll ':Jl n,\!)', 'i'lnm', LXX: tlnm', Luc 'ON' tI':JN'O 1'l 'N'\!)' "ll ':Jl n,\!)', LXX : "ll ':Jl n,\!)', tlnm', 'ON' tI':JN'Oi'l 1'l 'N'\!)' (LXX b': tln,\!)', for n,\!)',) J os. vi,77 The additional text is (paraphrased): 'ON' 'N'\!)' "ll ':Jl n,\!)', tlnm',

based on Judges 19:29-30, the account ofthe dissection ofthe concubine. X,30

· i'l:J

X,30-31

LXXO: -

· 'N'O\!) ,nN,

Jos. vi,77: 'Nm\!) ,nN,

LXX, LXXLuc : i'l:J:J

,V

,V ,V ,V

· 1nN \!)'N:J 'i'V~" 'N'\!)' tlVi'l ,,:J ini'l' 1n!l '!l" MT: ini'l' 1n!l '!l" 1nN \!)'N:J 'N~" tlVi'l LXX: 1nN \!)'N:J 'i'V~" 'N'\!)' tlVi'l ini'l' 1n!l N,l', LXXLuc : 1nN \!)'N:J 'i'V~" 'N'\!)' ini'l' 1n!l '!l" (LXXC2 : tlVi'l for ,v;

,V

LXXo: i'V~")

Jos. vi,78:

Tc.uV OE

01

EUAOßEIOV T1l5 KOTETTllYYEAIJEV1l5

SllIJI05 EI5 TOV c.upIOIJEVOV KatpOV OUVEA8oVTc.uV (c. tli'l"V "N\!) 1n!l "!l" 1nN \!)'N:J 'N~") Acts 19: 17-18: tI'l' '\!)' ini'l' tI\!) '1l" tI":J 1n!l '!l" tli'l'\!)VO nN '1'l" '1'" ,Nl tI'l'ONOi'lO

,V

X,31

· i'lO'l i'T'lN tl1i'!l"

MT: '1'i'l" i'Tll tl1i'!l"

LXX: i'lOll i'T'lN tl1i'!l"

LXXb : i'lOll "N\!) tl1i'!l" LXXo: m1i'!l" i'lO'l"N\!) Jos. vi,78: "i'l" i'l'll tl1i'!l" Acts 9:3-4 (paraphrased): Luc i'Tll "N\!) 1i'!l" LXXlLXX : i'lOll and i'lO'l are place-names

LXXc2e2: i'lO'l "N\!) tl1i'!l"

transcribed · \!)'N ,,:J · \!)\!) · \!)'N'

80

CHAPTER TWO

and EV POlJo. MT: 'll '1'i'l" MT: \!),\!) Jos. vi,78: Vl\!) EV ßOIJO

LXX, LXXLuc : '\!)lN'

Jos. vi,78: \:)l\!)'

X,32

Jos. vi,78: D'Vl~ LXX: D'Nli1 D':>N'O' 'ON" LXXLuc : n-tl 'lVN D':>N'O' "NlV 'ON" Jos. vi,76: D"llVl'i1 nN n,lV" LXX: TOl5 aYYEAol5 TOl5 EPXO\lEVOI5 renders MT D'Nli1 D':>N'O' exactly, but it could also render 'Nl '~N D'lN'O', which LXXLuc : TOl5 aYYEAol5 TOl5 EAeOUCJlV seems to support. The sense is D'Nl~; cf. D'Vl~ at the beginning ofthe line with all the sources except MT - see the lemmajust above. And see IX, 10 (9:22) where 4QSama probably also agreed with LXX: D'VllV against MT: D'lV'lV. For "seventy messengers" see Luke 10:1. · 'V'l lV'l' lV'N' LXX, LXXboe2: lV'l' '~lN' LXXC2: 'V'l lV'l' 'lVlN' Jos. vi,76: D"llVl'i1

X,32-36

mm' ~'N ~'N D'VllV' 'N'lV' 'll ~'N mNO lVlV i1li1 i1V'lVni1 mi1'o i1'i1n ,no "ON" 1"N N~l ,no 'ON' 1mv 'll1'0 lVnl 'N D':>N'O ,n,lV' PlVi1 ,nno D:>' molV" lV'l' 'lVlN' "'l" "Vi1 D':>N'Oi1 'Nl" D:>"l':> i1lVVl lV'l' 'lVlN MT: molV" lV'l' 'lVlN' "'l" D':>N'Oi1 'Nl" lVO~i1 Dnl i1V'lVn D:>' i1'i1n ,no

· D'Vl~ MT: D'~'lV · D'Nli1 D':>N'O' "ON"

LXXlLXX boc2e2: 'lVlN' "'l" "Vi1 D':>N'Oi1 'Nl" ~0~i1 Dnl i1V'lVni1 D:>' ,no molV" lV'l' (LXXboc2e2: + i1'i1n after D:>') LXXb': mo~', Jos. vi,78-79: Josephus (he combined the spirit of God "jumping" on Saul and the census of the people stricken with fear) and Acts 9 (the blinding of Saul) agree in emphasizing the singularity ofthe divine visitation. For the similarity between the two accounts, cf. Jos. vi,76: Kai EVeEOS" YEVO\lEV05 with Acts 9:7: 01 OE avopE5 01 OUVOOEUOVTE5 aUTül EIOTllKEloav EVEOI. LXXI LXXLuc : "Vi1 D':>N'Oi1 'Nl" reiterates Acts 9:8b: "They took (the blinded Sau!) by the hand and brought hirn to Damascus", i.e. "Vi1 "Vi1 'Nl" "They brought the blind to the city", which also Josephus used - see vi,76 last sentence: "(Saul) commanded them to show hirn the way". The parallel between Saul' s conversion in Acts and Saul' s conversion in Samuel is thus: D'i1'N m, n,~m 1 Sam. 11 :6a: i1'Ni1 D"l'i1 nN 'VOlVl "NlV Acts 7:59,8:1,3: Saul was incited by the last words ofthe martyred Stephen to invade the hornes of Christians and imprison them. mi1' ,no '0" ...'NO 'ON ,n', 1 Sam. 11 :6 b-7: ,nN lV'N:> 'N~" ... DVi1 Acts 9: 1-2: Paul "breathed threats and murder" on the Christians and sought permission from the chief priest to bring those in Damascus to Jerusalem. 1 Sam. 11 :8: PTll D'PO" Acts 9:3: Saul was blinded by a "lightning flash" as he neared Damascus. Preceding the victory were two divine visitations (in Acts one after Stephen's martyrdom speech and the second on the road to Damascus), separated from each other by the threat to God's people, and two embassies ofmessengers: one to Yavesh and one to the unnamed party. Josephus compressed this bulky plot, which is only partially preserved in MT, to: Saul's divine visitation (vi,76), the threat to the people (vi,77), the census (vi,78) and the victory (vi,79). For PlVi1 mno in the restoration, see Is. 20:2 and Psalms 30:12.

,V

,V

X,36-37

· 1'0 lVnl 'N D':>N'O m,lV" Di1"VO DP~ nN ",~" f'Ni1 10 ~'l' '~lN m,p" ,mN' 1mV 'll

MT: lV'l' 'lVlN "ON"

LXX, LXXLuc : '~lN "ON"

COLUMN X (1 SAM.

10:19-11:11)

81

The addition - as that at lines 20-21 - provides a r1'lnVil \!.)nl 'N \!.)'l' missing transition: between the embassy of the messengers to Yavesh (11 :9) and the conversation of the men of Yavesh with their enemies (11: 10). LXXlLXXLuc distinguished between the two conversations by adding 'N r1'lnVil \!.)nl but went no further. To the restoration tJil"VY.l tJi'\!.) cf. Est. 4:4: 'i'\!.) "tlil'. To the added element ofmessengers providing the connection between the men ofYavesh and Nachash cf. Jos. vi,71: "(Nachash) sent to them messengers".

,,'tI',

"'VY.l

X,37

· tJ:"'N · tJr1'\!.)V'

X,37-38

LXXO*: U"N LXX b : il\!.)V"

· tJ:>'l'Vl l'''il ,,:>:> U, tJ:>'l!)'

LXX: tJ:>'l!)' lmilu,

LXX bc2: tJ:>'l!)' l'''il ,,:> tJ:>,

X,38

· il\!.)"\!.)

LXX, LXX Luc : il\!.)"\!.)l

X,39

· mnY.lil · 'll · tJ1'il

LXXLuc : 1mv 'll mnY.l MT:-

· 'il"

LXXo e2: lmil ,,:> U,

LXXb': tJ:>'l!)' l'''il tJ:>,

LXXe2: tJ1' LXX, LXXLuc : 1'il',

ColumnXI(1 Sam. 11:11-12:19) PAM 41.173. 41.174, 41.763, 41.764, 43.114 and 43.124 (=Herbert, 274) F5, Plate XI

XI,1

XI,2

· '~'!)" · N'" · 'Y.l1Nil · "N\Vl ·u"V · ',N\!.)2

82

XI,3

· i11il' il\!.)V

XI,4

· 'Nm\!.)

CHAPTER TWO

MT: '~!)" MT: N" MT: 'Y.lNil

LXX:

'~!)l

LXXLuc : tJ'~'!)l

LXX, LXXb : +':>

Jos. vi,81: + N' LXX, LXX Luc : + N' LXX:u, Jos. vi,82: "N\!.) LXX: 'Nm\V LXX: il\!.)V i11il' LXxb': "N\!.)

Jos. vi,83: 'Nm\!.)

LXX, LXXLuc : + 10N" LXX, LXXO C2: i1'''l

·tlVi1 · i1'''l' "., · "l"l i1 XI,5

LXXbe2: i1'''l ".,

LXX, LXX Luc : i1"l"l (EIS yOAyOAO) LXX, LXX Luc : ,.", LXX, LXX Luc : i1"l"l (EIS YOAYOAO)

. ".", · "l"li1

JOS. vi,83: i1"l"l (EIS

yOAYOAO)

LXXLuc : "Nm'IV tI'IV n'IVo', LXX: tI'IV "N'O'IV n'IVo', · tI'IV ':1'''0'' J os. vi,83: tI'IV N'lm n'IVo', J os. vi,83: + '''0'' · "'N'IV LXX, LXX Luc : + '''0'' Jos. vi,83: · "l"ll LXX, LXX Luc : tI'''l''ll XI,6

· mlT" · tI 'O"'IV · "'N'IV tI'IV · ''lVlN

LXX: nlT" LXX: tI'O"'IV' LXX, LXXboC2: "Nm'IV LXX: -

XI,7

·,v

XI,8

LXX boc2e2: + 'IV'N TO ovopo] > b' B cx.

LXX b':

LXX e2: "'N'IV

mv

. .",

Correct Taylor, 36: "TTOVTO ovopo] > b' B cx e"

LXXo: "N1V' LXXo read shin as ayin, from which it differs · "N1'IV' only through the added small middle arm. XI,9

·tI".,V

XI,lO

LXX:mi1 · 'nlPT LXX Luc : + 'nl'IV' (Kai TTETTOAIUlVaI) LXX Luc translated 'nl'IV' twice: "I grew old" and, with LXX, "I will sit". · 'nl'IV' LXX Luc : + i1nvo LXXLuc : EK TOU vuv renders i1nv at 1 Chron. 16: 9; but i1nvo suits the sense here: "a little" = "VO, i.e. "And I will sit a little" - cf. Ruth 2:7: "Vo n'li1 i1nl'IV MT i1nv 'V'. LXXo: · tI,nN tim 'll' LXX: tI:ll tim 'll' LXXbc2e2: tI'l 'll mm Ul 'll mm LXX b': 'lN mm · 'lN' LXX, LXX boc 2e2: + mi1

XI, 11

. '1'VlT.l

XI,12

. '0 1

LXXo*:

u'''V

· tim

LXX: tI'1'VlT.l LXXLuc : + tI,nNO

· 1mn nN'

MT:

1mm

LXX, LXXLuc : 1mn ,N

Jos. vi,87: 1mn 'N

· nN'z LXX, LXXLuc:'N Jos vi,87: 'N Josephus combined nN' 'np'lVV '0 nN' 'nnp., '0 1mn into one argument: II EI TI~OS UTTOSUYIOV EIS ElJllV OTTOOTTOOOS XpEIOV EAUTTllOO "Or ifI oppressed someone by taking his ass for my own use?" COLUMNXI(1 SAM.

11:11-12:19)

83

· '03

XI, 13

LXXLuc : + tJ:mNO MT, LXXLuc :_

. tJ:ll1NO · nN' · 'nt!l' ·1'01 · '0 2

· tJ")))1

MT: nN LXX, LXXLuc : 'N LXXLuc : + tJ:mNO LXX: 1m 'N LXXLuc : + tJ:mNO MT:LXX: 'V)1 LXXLuc : 'Vl 'N

XI,13-14

· ,:1 'PV tJ "VN'

XI,14

. tJ:J, :1''lVN'

LXXoc2e2: + ':1 "ON

LXX: ':1 UV

LXX b: ':1 "ON

LXXb': ':1''lVN'

· unp'IVV N" unp'IVV N' 'Nm 'IV

LXX: np'IVV N" unp'IVV N' 'N'O'IV 'N LXXLuc:'N The LXX doublet: OUK TJOIKTJOa5 TJI.la5 Kai OU KaTEouvaOTEuoa5 is mi staken for OUK KaTEouvaOTEuoa5 TJI.la5 Kai OU TJOIKTJOa5 = n"Vil N" unp'IVV N'. The correspondence aOIKEIV = i11Vil is also at 2 Sam. 19:20 and 24:17. XI,15

. 'IV'N 1m · tJil"N

XI,16

· i1Til tJ"il

XI,17

LXX: ,'OW, LXXLuc : + tJVil · 'ON" MT:· 1V "ON' · i11il' LXXboe2: + tJm'Nil

XI,18

· ''lVN' · U'm:1N · tJ"~oo

LXX: tJ"il i1T:1 tJ"il

LXXLuc : ilTi1 tJ,,:1

LXX, LXXLuc : ''lVN MT, LXXbc2e2: tJ:Jm':1N LXXLuc : + 1V N'il

XI,19

. tJ:J, 1'lN' MT: · np1~ MT: mp1~ LXXI LXXLuc : OIKalOOUVTJV; cf. 1 Sam. 26:23 (col. 27 Parry "fragment 9", line 3): mp1~ = LXX, LXXLuc : oiKaloouva5 aUTOU.

XI,20

. tJ:J'm:1N nN' tJ:JnN LXX: tJ:Jm':1N:1' tJ:J:1 LXXo c2e2: U'm:1N nN' unN LXXb: tJ:Jm':1N nN' unN • :1PV' LXX, LXXLuc : + "l:1' Jos. vi,89: + uovo tJ'V:1'IV tJV

XI,21

. tJ"~O tJnN illV" · tJ:J'm:1N

XI,22 84

LXXoc2e2: + UnNO LXXb: tJ:J1m LXX, LXXLuc : tJVil 'N 'Nm'IV

·'W~'"

CHAPTER TWO

MT: Jos. vi,89: tJ"~O tJnN illV" LXX, LXXLuc : U'm:1N Jos. vi,89: m:1Nil

LXXLuc : N'~'"

Jos. vi,89:

N'~'"

LXX, LXX b'oC2e2: Um1:1N LXX, LXXLuc : 0:1'V>'1 los. vi,89: 01:1'V>'1

• o:pm :u·~ · 01:1 'V>'1

XI,23 XI,24

XI,25

LXX, LXXLuc : '1':1

·1':1

,I

,I

LXXLuc : + m 1':1' To LXXLuc : la~Elv ~aOlAEu5 aocup cf. 1Sam. 9:4 LXXLuc : ola TTJ5 YTJ5 la~Elv for 'l'l:l' f'N:1 (LXX: ola TTJ5 YT)5 laKEIIJ). See to VIII,22 . • 1':11 1 LXX, LXXLuc : '1':11 .1':11 2 LXX, LXXLuc : '1':11 ·,on'" LXX: on,', Correct Taylor, 37: "ETTOAEJ.lTJOEV b Ba2" to ETTOAEJ.lTJOEV Ba2 . . N:1~

LXX: + m V>':1'

· U:1TV

LXX b: +,nN

XI,26

LXX, LXXLuc : TOl5 ~aaAEIJ.l LXXo*: TOl5 ~aaAElv Correct Taylor, 38 line 2: "~aaAIJ.l" to ~aaAEIJ.l and in the apparatus "~aaAIJ.l] ~aaAlv 0*" to ~aaAEIJ.l] ~aaAElv 0*. • 1l':1'N 1'0 LXX b: U':1'NO

XI,27

· n,v>', · 'V:11"

.0"V:1il

MT, LXXLuc : + mil' MT, LXX bc 2e2: 'V:1,' LXX, LXXLuc : i',:1 LXX b: l'V>OV>

·11:J · 'N10V>

XI,28

· mil' o:mN

· n":1

." XI,29

· 'l:1 • o"'V

LXX: :1':1t) 'V>N O:P:1'N 1'0

2

· U"V

XI,30

LXX boac2: 1'1:1 :1':1t)0

LXXo*e2: U':1'N 1'0 :1':1t)0 LXX, LXXLuc : 0'"":1 LXX b:LXX b':LXXo*: u"V

· " N' " " ON " N'il "

."0

LXXo: il':1"

LXXo: unN

MT, LXX: o,nN

· :1':1tm O":1'N 1'0 O":1'N

LXX: OV:1,'

LXXo: " ON " N' "

LXX: " ON " N'il

LXXbc2e2:

LXx b: LXXe2a *: O"'V

· 0"'0 o,'m'N mil'1

LXX: -

LXX boc2e2: U,'O um'N mil'1

LXX b': U,'O om'Nil mil'1 XI,30-31

· on'NV> 'V>N

LXX:-

LXXLuc : on'NV> 'V>N1

COLUMNXI(l SAM.

11:11-12:19)

85

LXXLuc : +',

XI,31

'"n

XI,32

,nup 11N , mn' "Pl

XI,33

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : mN MT, LXX, LXXLuc : ,,'Pl

, nw ,m~ o"'V "n '\vN o"'r.n Preceding this is a two-line conflation which the Geez version transferred to after "m in verse 17. See Plate XXXIII, number 5. The apparatus is as follows: 71i'l 1»l:l\!)r1 N7 tJN1

nu1' 1nN

tJ:"7V ,7l:l 1\!)N ,7l:li11

tJr1N tJl

,7l:ln tJl1

tJ:l'i17N

tJ:l7'~'1 U'i17N

tJ':l7n

tJ:l7'~'1 U'i17N

tJ':l7n U'7V

tJ:l7'~' tJ:l'i17N

tJ':l7n

tJ:l7'~' 11'n7N

tJ:ll

LXX bc2 LXX e2

7V1 tJ:l'7V

U1'l:l\!)n7 tJ:l:l7l:l

7V1 tJ:l'7V

1'!l r1N tJr1'1l:l1 n1i1'

tJ:ll n1i1' " nr1'i11

7V1 tJ:l'7V

tJ:l:l7l:l

tJ:l:l7l:l

LXX b' LXX o

tJ':l7n

tJ:l'r1lNl1 tJ:l:l7l:l

MT

LXX

tJ':l7n

tJ:l"l:l\!)n7 tJ:l:l7l:ll1

32+ 1

32+2

i11n' '!l

MT

n1i1' '!l

LXX LXX bc2 LXXo LXXe2

7V1 11'7V

The scribe accidentally skipped the words mn' ,nN, which were added above the line later - too late to prevent the birth and transmission ofthe two-line corrective conflation in the secondary versions. , n11V'

MT, LXXLuc : n11V Ol

LXX: Kai vuv

LXXLuc : Kai vuv ETI

Cf. just above at the beginning of 32+ 1: "nn Ol' 011N Ol = LXX, LXXLuc : KO.l UIlEI5 Kai

XI,34

MT: n\Vv mn' LXXLuc : mn' n\Vv' LXX!LXXLuc agreed with MT at verse 14 (32+ 1 above): ,7n '\vN 17nn = 0 ßOOlAEU5 0 ßOOl"EUWV in giving a participle: "the king which reigns upon you", but here they agreed with 4QSama against MT in using the imperfect tense: "the Lord will do". 4QSama: n\Vv! is at PAM 43.124 (=Herbert, 274) F5, line 3. 'O"l'V' LXX, LXXboC2: O"l'Vl LXXe2: U'l'Vl

86

LXXLuc : N'PN'

, m"p, "m

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : ,,,r.n m,p Jos. vi,92: "l' P'l' m"p The reversal in word order is required due to the lacking lamed shaft undemeath line 3 ofPAM 43.124 (=Herbert, 274) F5. Cf.line 37 MT, 4QSama: mn' 11N 'N~ for LXX, LXXLuc : 'Nn il';" 11N.

, nl' O'11V' XI,36

ßOOl"EU5.

, n\Vv' mn'

, N'PN XI,35

0

, 'l'Vl

CHAPTER TWO

LXXLuc : O'11V' ill' LXX, LXXLuc : 'l!l'

XI,37

· 13'"

Lxxcdfgqvy:

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : + inil'

ln',

LXXLuc : N'''' Jos. vi,92: 'N'''' Luc · i1Hl' nN 1N~ LXX, LXX : 1Nr.l i1H'l' nN · 'N''''

XI,38

. "r.lW,

XI,39

"y · 'l'mN"n

LXXLuc : 'r.lN" LXX:

'N

LXXLuc : u'my" mN"ni1

Column 13 (1 Sam. 14:24-34), Plate XXXIV, number 1 Herbert: BA = PAM 43.111 top right small Herbert: 13B = PAM 41.769 top right = PAM 43.111 top right large + Herbert, 273 (PAM 43.113) Al + ibid. CIO + Herbert, 274 (PAM 43.124) E8 Herbert: 13C = PAM 41.769 and PAM 43.111 second (large) from top right

The following parts ofthe scroll until column 24 are restored not as columns but rather fragment by fragment with interfragmental restoration inc1uded where the proximity ofthe fragments to each other warrants it. The column numbers are given in italics to show that they have no absolute basis but rather correspond to the "Recon Table" numbers in the second column ofHerbert's index: Herbert, 206-213. For example, the subject ofthe current pages is Herbert's BA, 13B and 13C, which in his unexplained "Recon Table" are placed, apparently, at column 13. With the change from column to fragment restoration comes a change in the variant apparatus; from this point on up to column 24 - see page 3 above for the key. The letters in 13B are broader than normal, either due to stretching ofthe leather or scribal intention. Cf. e.g. in the final word of the second line of the large fragment middle the 3.5 mm allotted to the resh separating aleJfrom tsade with the 2.5 mm separating shin from waw in l1'V)i1 in the third line ofthe fragment at the top left in the plate (PAM 43.111). In the second line an unusually large gap of5 mm separates "y from the next word ':lN, and an even larger gap separates ~N from the following word in the line just under. The word is probably w, with LXX and LXXo *, which delete N";" in N' " ~N. Further evidence of a broad scribal hand is the final pe in ~N , with an upper arm 2.5 mm broad - cf. the 1.5 mm upper arm of final koJin line 2 of the third fragment from top right in the same plate. PAM 43.111 , which is the prime photo for columns 13 to 24, is not in Facsimile Edition. For it refer to Tov Microfiche (see bibliography).

COLUMN

13 (1

SAM.

14:11-34)

87

.,,,, on" OVi\ ",:l OV'O N'''' 'l'NO 'fl0Pl' l'Vi\ 'V on" ":lN' '~N

13, 1 14:24-25 B D bc2e 2

'l'Nl

DO

'l'Nl

117

":lN' '~N

i\"'''i\ 'V

on" ":lN l"Ni\

'V'i\ "N OVi\ N'l" i\1~i\ 'l!] .,V ~l' 'i\" 'V'l

13,2 14:25-26 B

i\'i\

'V'l-

D

i\'i\

118

'V'l

-

'V' 'V'

'Nl

Kai laaA

OVi\ N'l"

To aplOTa = on" ":lN see Gen. 43:25. 13,3 14:26-27

1m",

,,!]

B Do c2e2

Db 118

i\Vl~i\ TIN OVi\ N" ':l ,,!].,

mi\' mi\'

TlV'l~

mi\'

TlV'l~

" l'~O

l'N'

", ",

l'N

"N ",

TlV'l~

' l ' ,"i\ ~l'

l'~O

mm 'l'O

l'~i\ '~N

'l'O

l'~i\ '~N

'l'O

"'N~ ll'

O"'l' ,"i\

13,4 B (14:27) Dboc 2e2 118

mm

mm

"'l '~N i\'00i\ i\~P TIN n"~', OVi\ TIN "lN V'l~i\l VO~ N" ,i\'00 m'Oo

np"

TI~PO

OVi\ TIN "lN V'l~i\l vo~ N"

Correct Taylor, 46: "auTou l " to aUTou 2 • 13,5 14:27-28

1'lN V'l\!)il Vl\!)il ,nN" \!)'N

IV"

\!)l'il n'V'l

'l""

Pl'V illN,m PO 'N ", l\!)"

ilmN

B

DViln \!)'N

"l'V illN,m "0'

", l\!)"

ilmN

D boC2

DVilO \!)'N

"3'V illN,m

po,

", l\!)"

iln'N

D b'

DVilO \!)'N

"3'V illN,m

po,

", l\!)"

Oe2

Dvnt.:l \!)'N

118-119

1'lN V'l\!)il Vl\!)n

13,6 B (14:28)

Dbc2e2

DO 119 13, 7 14:29 B D 119

88

~Viln

DViln \!)'N

CHAPTER TWO

"0' ", l\!)"

1m" V'" 1m" 1m,' V'"

\!)l,n

'::lN"

'::l " 'l"

iln'N

mv'

OVi\ t'JV" O"i\ on" ":lN' '~N R'Ni\ "'N ,mN" OVi\ TIN

V",

":lN"

,'V t'J'O' N'"

~'N

~O~i\ N'l 'l!l" OV'O' '~N ~'Nil "'N ,mN" tlVil TIN

'flOV'O ':l 'l'V "N ':l Nl 'N' l"Ni\ TIN 'lN ,:lV Imm' 'ON"

1m" 'N'

-

'lV

i\N' i\N' tlVil TIN

'lN'~V

'ON"

LXXI LXX Luc : OTTTJAAOXEV is eITor for OTTTJAAO~EV = "tm "he removed" (see Job 34:5), which is itself amistake for n''Oil "he incited". For n''Oill "'Oil see 35,16 (2 Sam. 5:6): n''Oil for MT "''Oil, and see there and at 32,29. The sense is "your father incited the land". The confusion is extended from line 3, andjust as there LXX and LXXLuc read 'l'O for MT ~l', here they expanded ,::»> to 'lVO, indirectly making Saul the agent of the matter in line 3 so that l"Nil,'m became l"Nil nN ,"'il ('lN) "my father caused the land to walk" which became through daletlkofinterchange (l)'lN l"Nil nN ""il "spring brought the land to birth (""i1)". For OTTOAOOOCU in the sense "bring to birth" see Job 10: 19; for 'lV piel in the same sense see Job 21: 10. 'l'O is nickname for David - see 2 Sam. 14: 10: ,'Oil 'ON" 'l'Oil and 13: ,'Oil 'l,01 and 15 :23: O"lV OVil ,:n l"'P 'nll 'lV "om 'l'Oil nN " , '1!) In the last case David is nicknamed twice, since ", is wrong for ", - result of wawlresh and koßdalet exchanges. See to 43,13

,V.

and 44,35 . For ' l ' = ", see 1 Chron. 21:17-21 (54, lines 3-8) where LXX b consistently writes OOßIO instead of OOUEIO. 13,8 14:29-30 B D D O* 119

13,9 14:30-31 B D boC2

Pl'N

'~N

.,.,~o

Oil'l'N

OVil

"N "N OPil N" OPil OVil "N OPil OVil "N' "N OPil OVil "N' -

N"

O"n~'!)l

N'ilil OPl

'1'V'N' 'l'V'N'

O'n~'!)il 10

"

119-120

o'n~'!)il10 l'Vil'V

ilnl' " ilnl'

OVil " OVil

O'n~'!)il 10

1N!l

D "~

ilnl' " il'Oil ilnl'

"" mp"

.,.,~ 'N ~Vil ~V" 'NO OVil I1V" m"N ~0'00 il"" Vl" ~O'Ol 77'Vil 7V 'OV" V:P1 ~7J'7Jl mp',""~ 1U" is Vl" (root Vl'). 'NO is eITor for "Vo and the sense ofthe

OVil CVil

120

", O"n~'!)l N'il il'Oil ill' ilnv " N!lO il'O ilnl' N'

OVil "

D O* D b'e2

13,10 B (14:31-32)

"

""

O'n~'!)il 10 O,"~'!)il 10

~l'il ,,~o

~l'

"

OVil "N'

i1Til

~N

.,.,~, -

,V

LXX: KOI EKomOOEV line is: "And the people touched a bit (ofthe plunder)" - cf. Jonathan's example in lines 7-8: ~l'il "Vo 'nov'O " "because I tasted a bit ofthe honey". LXX Luc accepted the LXX version, saving MT I1V" (root I1'V "be weary") in reserve to use in the sense I1'V "fly (upon)" in place ofthe next verb: ~V", which is eITor for (shin and tet are similarly constructed), which is properly nv', "And he

"V',

did it now (ilnv)". LXXLuc : CUP~TJOEV "rushed" (also at 1 Sam. 15:19) is based on Josh. 17: 15: l"Nl O~ " nN'l, i11V'i1" il'V ilnN l ' OV ON, Le. l' OV ON ~l' O~ " ilnN'l, i11V'i1 " (il'V ilm~) il'V ilnv "If you are a large folk now go (you are a congregation) to the hive and make for yourselves there honey!" Cf.

COLUMN

13 (l SAM. 14:11-34)

89

the urging ofthe water-drawing girls to Saul and his lad at 1 Sam. 9:12-13: 'i1D ,.,l' i1nl" ... i1nl' "Hurry now! ... And now, go!" To i11l' (produced from i1"l' through the loss ofthe lamed shaft) in the sense "bee-colony" see Judges 14:8: \!.)l1' i1"Ni1 n'1ll 0"l1 n1l' i1lin. LXX: \!.)l'" is remnant ofthe sense in Joshua "and create!" i1nN'l'. See also 2 Sam. 8:15 (47,17 q.v.): O'''\!.)lN'' 'l'l" ,., "N", which probably originally read O'''\!.)lN 'N'l - cf. 19: 1: 'll 'll O'''\!.)lN 'll O'''\!.)lN. The people justified their and Jonathan's enjoyment ofthe plunder on the basis ofthe text from Joshua cited above (the site ofboth events was Mount Ephraim), which they understood "Eat there honey!" - for i1nN'l = "eat" cf. 2 Sam. 12: 17. "'l'i1 "cause to rush, hurry" is normally written 1'li1- cf. 2 Sam. 15:28:'" 1'li1" o:ml'D 'l1 N'l 1l' 'l1Di1 m'll'l i1Di1DnD 'lN i1li1 , i.e. 'lN i1li1 ,., "'l'i1" O''''l'D 'l1 N'l 1l' 1'" mN"nl i1Di1DnD "See! I'm tarrying in the sins ofDavid until a word comes, your urging causing me to rush". O'Dl'D becomes o,nND (O'''l'D) becomes O':ll'ND based on the continuation of Josh. 17: 15 (see above): O"!lN ,i1 ,,, fN ". For 'l1Di1 as David nickname see above to line 7. See also 2 Sam. 15:13-14: n,"" "i1D ... "1ll' ."., 1'1 'DN" ... 1'1"N 1')T.li1 Nl" 'i1D' l!l "And the hastener came to David ... And David said to all his servants ... "Walk fast lest he overtake us!" See 1 Sam. 8:9: n1lin Oi1l 1'l'n 1l'i1 " ,N 0i1" and Num. 11 :32: O"Dn I')t>N "'l'Din "And the speedy one(s) collected alot".

13, 11

"'N\!.)" '1'l" 01i1 .,l' Ol'i1 "'N" i1~'N "n\!.)', 'Pl 'll' 'Pl' mn\!.)', 1l" Ol' mn\!.)', Ol' mn\!.)', ,"D" 1l" 'D1"l' '\!.)l ''''N'' 'Pl'

14:32-33 B D 120

13,12

lN~li1 nN mn\!.)', i1~'N 01i1 .,l' "'N"

'N"n Ol'i1 i1li1 ,mN" i11i1'" O'N"n Ol' "'N i11i1'" Ol'i1 N"n Ol' i11i1'" Ol'i1 N"" -

14:33 B Do c2e2 -

Db 01i1

120

onN"n

De2

onN"n

EV

YE66E~ "'N\!.)

D b' 120-121

OnN""

EV

YE6E~ "'N\!.)

13,14

ini1',

Ol'i1 N"n

'DN" 01i1 .,l' ""N" i11i1'" O'N"n Ol 'pl 'll' 'Pl'

on1ll YE66ol~ "'N\!.)

EV YE660lfj

"'N\!.)

"N\!.) ,~"

'\!.)li1 'i1""

Oi1, on'DN' OVl '~!ll "N\!.) 'DN" N'''l llN OPi1 "N

14:33-34 B D boC2

O\!.)DllN " O\!.)D "

CHAPTER TWO

Nl

O\!.)D " Oi1, on'DN,

'~!ll'

For ha-alefinterchange see to II,37-38.

90

"l

'~!l

De2 121

-

,t>P O'''l ''''N' ,,,"\!.) '\!.)N N"" O'i1'Nl Ol'i1 "

13,13 14:33 B D boC2

EV

01l -

i1'''l llN

"N

"l

Column 14 (1 Sam. 14:47-51) PAM 41.769, 41.173, 43.111, Plate XXXIV, number 2

O"N:J'

14,1 14:47 B

':J:J "Nn':J:J' 0'1N 'l:J:J' ':J'N,n':J:J' 0'1N 'l:J:J' ':J'N,n':J:J' o'p,n», om"N o'n'IV"!)' O':JN,m O'lm»:J

Dbe2

DOC2 129 14,2 14:47-48 B D boc2e2

D b' 129

1m» 'l:J:J' :JNm:J P:J'N ,,:J:J :J':JO on,', 'N''IV' ,»

nN ", 'IV»"

auvaVEI v

,,:J ,,:J :J':JO on,', 'N''IV' ,»

,'n 'IV»" »''lVP i1)!)' ''lVN ,,:J:J, o"n'IV'!):J' ':J:J' o'n'IV'!l:J' »''IV'' »''lVH, ':J:J »''lVH, ':J:J »''lVm ':J:J

i'1:J'~

i'1:J'~

"n:J' ':J,n:J' "n:J "n:J'

auvaVEIV glosses the preceding word 8uvalllv: 11 YNAMIN AYNANEIN to achieve the chiastic doublet: Kai ETTOIT}0EV 8uvalliv 8uvalliv Kai ETTOIT}aEV.

For another case ofreshlwaw confusion (»'IV,/»'IV') see 2 Sam. 23:5 LXXLuc : to aVTI8nov IlOI (= '»'IV' see Job 32:3) for MT, LXX: '»'IV'. 14,3 14:48

PO'IV 1'n 'N''IV' nN mo'IV

,~"

p,n»

PO'IV is David, i.e. ' IV''IV, (son) of Jesse. See to 49,4.

i'1,':J:Ji'1 O'IV pm:J 'n'IV o'IV' »'IV':J,m :J1lmN' Jnl'i'1' "N'IV 'l:J 'i'1" 14,4 »''IV':J,m "'IV" 1mp 14:49 nm'IV' B 'P'IV" nm'IV' '»:J'IV'N' '1'IV':J,m P'IV" D bc 2e2 nm~" '»:J'IV'N' p1~':J,m P'IV" DO nU:J o'IV':J,m O''IV'' 1mm' "N'IV 'l:J "i'1" 129 The name ofthe second son is restored from the list at 1 Sam. 31 :2; :J1l'nN with mem is the LXXI LXX Luc variant to MT: :J1l':JN. Only a bit ofthe alefremains, and the letter could wen be waw, but the space requires something longer than 'P'IV" (so LXX) and certainly longer than "'IV''- LXX: I EaatOUA is another David nickname - read IEa(o)lou8 with LXXa2 and LXXz, that is 1'»''IV' "another Jesse". For daletllamed interchange see to II,37-38; V,20 and 48,8. Just as /). resembles /\ in the Greek, so dalet and lamed are distinguished from each other only through length ofthe right arm. 4QSam a rejected the MT/Greek designation of (King) Jesus ("'IV', 'N-''IV', »''IV'-:J,n) and John (the Baptist, 1m,,) as "sons of Saul (Paul)".

,m',

COLUMN

14 (l

SAM.

14:47-51)

91

14,5 14:49-50 B D bc2e2

»vr.:pnN nl 'CVJ'nN 7'NU> nU>N 'CU>, 7:>0 nl"i'il 'CU>, l"O 'CU>, 7,m l'O mU>N 'CU>, »Vl'nN 7'70 n'lU>il 'CU>, 7'70

D b'

'CU>,

DO

129

'CU>,

lVl'nN

7'70

'C'o

7v,m

l'O

Cf. 7'0 with 7,'m at 36B,12 last word = Herbert,254 36B 1eft fragment first 1ine (2 Sam. 6: 16).

14,6 14:50-51

'llN 'lN 'l' 7'NU> 'lN U>'i" 7'NU> ,,,

'l 1l 'llN Nl~il ,U> 'Nl~

B

", P

1'0' 1l 1'lN P

DO DC2 De2 Db

", ", ",

1':1' 1:1 tm

1':1' 1:1

P 1':1N P 1':1'

D b' 129-130

'N:1~ 'N:1~ 'N:1~

",

'll:1

'N:1~

",

'l:1

'N:1~

'C'nN Pil "NU> ':1N U>'i" 'l' 'l N'i" Nm, tou qeiou p 'l:1N N:1~il ,U>

14,7 B (14:51)

'N':1N )l 'N':1N 'N':1'

Db 130

':1N 'l:1

Co1umn 15 (1 Sam. 15:25-32) PAM 41.769,41.173,43.111 + 43.113 (= Herbert, 273) F5, P1ate XXXIV, number 3

15, 1 B (15:25-26) D boe2

:1'U>N N" "NU> 'N 'NmU> 'ON"

DC2

92

CHAPTER TWO

'C'n:1T n:1n

iln':1il 'NmU> 1'" 'N'U>'

15,2 DO (15:26)

D 152

mv :1,U>,

'nN"n

'il'N

151

15,3 15:27-28 B

mil" mnnU>N' 1'il'N 1'il'N

,V 1'0 1'°0

n ·mn!> P'N 'ONll

" n't" 'nN"n

m'ilO mil' 1tlNl:l" mil' ,:1, nN ilntlNO " 10V 1").)lJ IP':1

»'P'1

I

mv :1,U>,

'lN\!) pTn'1

m"

'Nl0\!) :10'1 :10'1 Pl!l nN

lnN lnN N':1ln

'ON'1

mmn »'P'1

pTn'1 PTn'1 "»0:1

TnNll 'lN\!) TnNll

Pl!l nN

:10'1

15,4 15:28-29 B D 153

15,5

mm', 1Y.lY.l :1'''il 1Y" mll tm

15,6 15:30 B D 154

15, 7 15:30-31 B

11m 'N'\!)' O"il 1"YY.l O"il 'N,\!)m O"il 'N'\!)'Y.l P'1~' :1'''il 1Y' ilnp" 11'Y.l

'Y.lN" Onlnil' N'il 01N N" ':J

15:29-30 B Dboc2e2 D b' 153-154

illl1l'

01N:J 01N:J 'Y 01N:J

Onl' N"

m:J'Y.lY.l nN i'11il' y,p 1n:J'Y.lY.l 1n:J'Y.lY.l il:J'Y.lY.lil nN

y'p

:1,\!)' N'" O'l\!)' 'N'\!)' 'P\!)' N'

'N'\!)' \!)'1P

'N'\!)' \!)"P on)' N"

'Y.lN" Onlil' N1i1 01N N' ':J

:1,\!)' N"

'n'mn\!)i'11 my :1,\!) 'N'\!)' 1m my 'lm 1ll Nl 'l1:1:J ilny 'nN"n :1,\!), :1,\!), 'Y.ly 1m 'N'\!)' 'n'mn\!)i'11 'Y.ly :1,\!) il~'N O'ON il1i1"

"N\!)

OYil

1N 1N 'l1:1:J ilny 'nN"n

1ll

mn\!)', "N\!) ',nN 2Nm\!) :1,\!)" 1m'N il1i1" :1\!)"

D 154

15,8

om'N' mn\!)',

"N\!) oy 'Nm\!) :1,\!)"

P'Y.lY "Y.l llN nN "N '\!)'li'l 'Nm\!) 'Y.lN"

"

B (15:32)

Db'e2

DboC2 155

om'N'

"

o 'P'Y.lYil "Y.l llN

\!)'l il

"

"'N \!)l "

Column 16 (1 Sam. 17:3-6) PAM 41.769, 41.173, 43.111, Plate XXXV, number 1

16, 1 B (17:3-4) D 170-171 16,2 17:4 B

\!)'N N~" ~il'l':1 N'li'11 ilTY.l 'ilil 'N O'1Y.lY 'N'\!)" ilTY.l 'ilil :1 ':10 'Y 1Y.lY 'ililY.l \!)'N 1'" Oil'l':1 N'li'11 ilTY.l 'ilil ,y un N:1~i'11 "N\!)' ilTY.l 'ilil n,n nmN Yl'N 1i1ll nm m\!) n"l O"n\!)'Oil mmY.lY.l \!)\!) 0 'n U>, 0

n:J'YY.lY.l ,m n:J'YY.l oy ':JY.l ,'n

00 Dbc 2e2 171

O'llil

n:J'YY.l oy ':JY.l ,'n n,n nmN Yl'N 'illl nm mU> n"l

O'n\!)'Oil illnY.lY.l

COLUMN

16 (1

SAM.

17:3-6)

93

1',\Vn 'P\Vo n'i11 \v'l' N,n tJ'\Vi'\Vi' 1"\V' '\vN' ,» n\Vnl »l':" l",\Vn 'i'\V01 U"\V 'i'\V01 u"\v 1"\V l',\Vn 'i'\V01 \v'l' N,n

16,3 17:5 B D 171 16,4 17:5-6 B Db' Dboc2e2 171

"!:In:J 7V 'l:J

n\!)nl

O'7j7\!) O'!:I7N n\!)r.m n\!)nl 7r'l' n\!)nl lnn~o, 7r'l' n\!)nl lnn~o, 7r'l' n\!)nl '\!)N n\!)nl nn~o, Vll:J O'7j7\!) O'!:I7N n\!)on 7V

"!:Ir'!::> )'l n\!)nl P":J, "7:1' 7V

1"'" "m,'

nn~Ol

Column 24 (1 Sam. 24:2-25:3) PAM 41.174,41.769.43.111, Plate XII Column 24 is restored backwards from the column top at 1 Sam. 25:3 on the basis of fragments that restore to lines of equallength and thus can be assigned to the same column. 24, 1

· "'l"

LXX:

'l"

Jos. vi,282: Jos. vi,282:

LXXe 2: "",

·"

· "" mn

LXX: "" " Jos. vi,282: ,,, " · "l

1'»

24,3

· 'O\V' 24,4

LXX, LXXLuc : mN

· 'O"»'i1 ",~ · m"l "N 'lN~n

LXXLuc : ',:1

LXX: "ll»

· "N\v

LXXo: ""

,'w, "N\v' Nl mn Jos. vi,282:

LXXe2: mn

lN'll»

Jos. vi,283: -

'O'N'» (EooaIEIl) LXXLuc : 'O',»'n n,'~ LXX: ",»., LXXLuc : "'» ,» LXX, LXXLuc : + '\vN LXX, LXXLuc : 'O\V n'i11

· "N\v N'l" · "'l' nN 1tm,

LXX:

LXX:

Nl "N\v'

LXX, LXX Luc : ""

nN ,tm, (lTOpaOKEuaOem)

Jos. vi,283: ElTIYOllEV05 ouv alTO Tcuv KaTa U0\5 24, 4-5

· n,»on m"'l "\vlN '0» l\v" MT: 'O'l\v' i11»on 'n"'l "\vlN' LXX: 'l\v' n,»o, n'lO "\vlN' LXXboC2: nl 'l\v' n, n'lO i11»Ol "\vlN' (LXX b': l\v') LXXe2: nl 'l\v' n'»Ol 'O"n,i" "\vlN' Jos. vi,283: boC mNon »l'N '0» ", Nlnl 'O\V LXX, LXX 2 drew n,»o, n'lO from Ex. 26:33 and Lev. 16:2,12,15 in that they confused the word there: n"!l with the word here: which is expanded in MT to m"'l to describe where in the cave David and his men sat. n"!l became n,,' through the loss

n""

94

CHAPTER TWO

of the base of the pe. LXXo c2e2 retained the plural element of m"':1 with eacuTEpol, which LXX e2 transposed to after "and his men", who thus became "valued" tpm,i" through the wordplay m"':1/m'i":1. Cf. Psalm 45:10: On1'i":1 o"I;m n1l:1 = 8uyaTEpE5 ßaOlAEcuv EV TTj TIIlTj aou. The sense of eacuTEpol is EVTIIlOTEPOI "innermost", Latin intimos. 'Tl,,':1/'Tl'i":1 appears again at verse 12 (line 18): m":1 ". 24,5

·OPiI

24, 6

. 1TlU "lN iIlil

LXX, LXXoc2e2: + ilTiI LXX: TlTl"

· ,':1'N

LXX, LXX Luc : ,:1'N

• "':1

LXX, LXX Luc : "":1

24, 7

. "'N\!)" '\!)N "'VOil

24, 8

. 1TlN "" :1"

24, 11

· ,:1

LXX Luc : "'N\!) ,,'VO

Jos. vi,284: "'N\!) iI\)V '\!)N "'VOil

LXX, LXX Luc : ,,,'vo

Jos. vi,284: "'N\!)" '\!)N "'VOil

LXX, LXX Luc : P\!)lN "N "11 LXX:-

· P\!)lN" · 'l'N"

24,10

LXX Luc : '\!)'iI

LXX Luc : ,:1" "" TlN

· "'N\!)" '\!)N "'VOil

24,9

Jos. vi,284: ,:1'N

LXX: :11\)'

· :1\)' '\!)N'

LXXb : iIT OP

LXX, LXX Luc: P"V

Jos. vi,284: P"N

LXX: TlN n:1T'" LXX Luc : TlN Tl'Oil'" Jos. vi,284: TlN l'iI'" Cf. Acts 14:13,14,18: 0 TE IEpEU5 TOU 0105 ... auv TOl5 0XAOI5 Tj8EAEV · "N

8UEIV ... ßapvaß05 Kat rraUA05 01appTj~aVTE5 Ta IllaTla eaUTCUV ... KaTErrauaav TOU5 0XAOU5 TOU IlTj 8UEIV aUTOI5.

· iI'VOilO Oi' "'N\!)'

24, 12

LXX: ,"iI "" LXXboc2e2: iI'VOilO ",,, N~" LXXb': N~" Jos. vi,285: il1»OilO "'N\!) N~" LXX Luc : _ · ·P11 o'i'" · iI'VOilO N~" P ',nN MT: iI'VOil 10 N~" P ',nN LXX: il1»OilO p,nN LXXbc2ae2: iI'VOilO "'N\!) ',nN "11 N~" LXXo: iI'VOilO "" N~"

",,,

LXXC2 *: "" N~"

Jos. vi,285: ", N~"

• N'i'"

LXX, LXX bc2ae 2:

· "'N\!)

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + 'ON"

· ,"Oil · 'i'"

24, 14

Jos. vi,285: -

• ",:1 ,,,,,

LXX~ : -

24,13

LXX, LXX Luc : "'N\!) o'i'"

· ,,,

+ "11

LXX, LXX Luc : '''0 LXXo: MT:-

"!l"

LXXO C2*:

-

Jos. vi,285: N,i'"

Jos. vi,285: + 'ON"

LXXd : "'N\!)

Jos. vi,285: '''0

Jos. vi,285:

"!l"

Jos. vi,285: ,,,

COLUMN 24

(1

SAM.

24:2-25:3)

95

Jos. vi,285: · 'm~'I!.) 'N MT: 'n~'I!.)' MT: 01N Jos. vi,285: O'l'i''I!.)' O'V'I!.)' • OVil 24, 15

· 1nv, LXX, LXXLuc : 1'1!.)!ll (TT)V ~UXT)V oou = 1nV1?) 1nV1; 288: 1'1!.)!ll

24, 16

· i1lil 2

LXXLuc : o:n

· OPil

LXX, LXXLuc : OPl

·onm

LXXe2 : ilHl' OPil MT: 'ON' LXX, LXXLuc : onN'

· 'l1Nl

LXX, LXXLuc : 'l1N

· OPil mil' · m'lN N'"

24,17 24, 17-18

24, 18

· nN ilN' Ol ilN' 'lN' i1lm ilN'

,V

LXX: i1lm

LXX boe2 : i1lm 'lN'

LXXC2: 'lN'

LXXboC2: "VOil

· 1"VO

LXX, LXXLuc : m':J 'lN Jos. vi,289: 'n':Jl ':J LXX: l)l:Jil Jos. vi,289: "VOil l)l:J

• m':Jl ':J · 1"VO l)l:J

24, 19

Jos. vi,285-287:

LXX, LXXLuc : V1,

'V1

LXX, LXXLuc : + OPil • V'I!.)!l' ilV' '1'l LXX: V'I!.)!l' V'I!.)!l l'N' '1'l ilV' (ouas aosßs I a Ka I boC a9ETT)0I5) LXX 2: V'I!.)!ll'N' V'I!.)!l1'N' ilV' '1'l (ouas a9ETT)0I5 ouas · ilN"

LXXe2: V'I!.)!l l'N' O'V'I!.)!l 1'N' ilV' '1'l The LXXlLXXLuc doublet on V'I!.)!l reflects a confusion between V'I!.)!l "sin" and V~!l "wo und" for wounds on the hands in connection with ilV' see Zach. 13:6-7: m:JOil ilO aosßsla)

'v, 'V . . 1'1' 1'l il'Nil. 24,21

'1l 1"V • O"101i'il ''I!.)O 'ON' ''I!.)N:J

MT: '101i'il ''I!.)O 'ON' ''I!.)N:J

LXX:

'101i'il ''I!.)Oil 'ON' ''I!.)N:J LXXLuc : '101i'il ''I!.)Ol 'ON' ''I!.)N:J Jos. vi,290: O"101i'il ni'1~ nN OPil n''I!.)V Titus 1: 12: OilO 1nN 'ON Oil'01i'0 'lm1i'il (T15 sx aUTCUV I a I05 aUTCUV rrpoT)TT)5 ) Acts 17 :28: "ON O:J"'I!.) nNO O'1nN' (Syr.: o:J'o:Jn instead of o:J"'I!.))

24,22

'1l

LXX, LXXLuc : 1"V

• ilnN '0 ',nN

MT: '0 ',nN

LXX, LXXboC2: ilnN '0 ',nN ilnv,

LXXe2: '0 ',nN ilnv, • N~'

24,23

LXXboC2: l)1'

'l)1' ilnN

LXX: ilnN l)1'

• 'l!.)V'!ln ',nN ,N 1nN

96

CHAPTER TWO

LXXboC2: N~'

MT: 'l!.)V'!l ',nN

LXXe2: l)1'

LXX, LXXLuc : 1nN 'l!.)V'!l ',nN,

24,24

· jpm · N'" · :l," · ')u!l'IV"

LXX, LXXLuc : n'i1 LXX: mn' N" LXXLuc : + mn' LXXC2: :1'" LXXC2: '''!l'IV'' Jos. vi,289: "!l'IV'

24,25

· n"':J' MT, LXX, LXXLuc : m":J:J 'n', LXX: ,:l," n"Nn O":l,n · n"Nn O":l,n ,:1,"

24,26

LXX, LXXLuc : ,,,,p Or does the ha in ''',pn transcribe the T} of T}

LXX e2: l',nN

to l..1ou 2 ].

LXX:

· ON'

N'"

Jos. vi,291: ',nN

Correct Taylor, 88: "l..1ou']"

J os. vi,291: ':>,

24,34

LXX: ,mpo" LXX Luc : ,n'l" Jos. vi,291: m:>"oo" .,V LXX: i11~ i11~0 (EIS" TTlV l..1eaOOpo OTTlVTlV) LXXLuc : il'~il il'~O (EIS" l..1eaOOpo TTlV OTEVTlV; LXXC2: l..1eaOEpo) Jos. vi,291: ,~ 1"n~0 (EIS" 1..1008TlPc.uv ... OTEVTlV)

24,35

· '~lP"

24,36

· ,n'l "N · i11,~mil

LXXLuc : YlP" LXX, LXXLuc : o'nO'ill

· ilO'l

Jos. vi,293: ilnO'ill LXXboe2: illVO 'l'O

LXX: 1VO 'l'O LXX: l..1oov; Luc C for LXX : ElTTlKOOV (LXX 2: ElTTlKOc.uV) = illVO see Micah 3:7: illVO l'N ':> O'il"N = LXX Luc : OUK eaTOI 0 ElTOKOUc.uV OUTc.uV. · l'N!l 'l'O "N

24,37

MT: 'IV'N'

· 'IV'N 'il"

·l'VO 'l'Ol

J os. vi,295: 'IV'N 'il"

MT: l'VOl

LXX: 1VOl

LXX Luc : 'l'Ol

Jos.

vi,295: 10V ,'Vo MT, LXXLuc : 'il'IVvm

· UN~'

24,38

·O'TV • ml

24,39

LXX, LXXLuc : ~"N O'TV' LXXboc2e2: oml LXXb': Hfll

~"N'

· m'IVN O'IV' · "'l'lN

LXXbc2 e2: O'IV m'IVN'" LXX, LXXLuc : il"l'lN

Jos. vi,295: O'TV ~"N'

LXXo: ,n'IVN'"

Jos. vi,301: m'IVN'"

Jos. vi,301: il"l'lN

LXX: m'IVN' LXXLuc : il'IVNil 'i1m Jos. vi,296: il'IVN LXX: nlm, Jos. vi,296: nlm, (OlTOUOOIOS") MT: Jos. vi,296: 'NO He emphasized the goodness both with the word OlTOUOOIOS" and by expanding her praiseworthy qualities from two to three. • il'IVNm • n!l" • 'NO

98

CHAPTER TWO

Columns 25 to 28 Parry transcribed the fragments into printed Hebrew but did not include with the article the plate ofthe fragments, PAM 43.108, nor did he restore the gaps between the fragments, nor did he update PAM 43.108 throughjoins and expansions given in Herbert's index. The additions to PAM 43.108 from PAM 43.113, which Herbert reprinted at page 273, are: B5 joined to fragments 1-4; F9 in proximity offragment 6; A6 joined to fragment 7 and D 11 in proximity of fragment 12. Of the fragments - to which Parry assigned the numbers 1-13 - 5 is too small to restore and 12-13 are included in the restoration of column 30 q.v. The following table gives the fragmentes) number according to Parry, the designation ofthe fragmentes) in Herbert's index (pp. 206-213), the restored average line length and the number of lines covered by the fragment. The reliability ofthe figure in column 3 is in direct proportion to the number in column 4, and fragments belonging to the same column should contain lines of identicallength. Fragment 1-4

5 6 7

8 9 10 11

Herbert designation 25A 25B 25C 26A 26B 27A 27B 28A

Restored line length 12.1 unrestorable 11.8 11.4 10.6 9.5 9.5 10.9

Number oflines in fragment 10

2 5 5 5 5 12 4

The main disparity is at fragments 7 and 8, which Herbert assigned to one column despite an 8mm difference in line length. A 5mm blank space where letters should be at the top of fragment 8 suggests that the letters underneath it are from the first line of a column with the fragment placed at the left of its column - see Plate XXXVI, number 1. But if fragment 8 is at the top of a column, then fragment 9, whose text begins only ni ne verses later, belongs to the same column, which would then impossibly contain a block of 10.6 cm long lines and a block of9.5 cm long lines. Furthermore, the empty space at top is not entirely blank; at its extreme left there is a vertical mark, which is possibly the right shaft of waw in the word 'Y.lN", beginning 1 Sam. 26: 10 after a text break. Restoration two, which has been adopted below in the transcription, accepts this text break, against which speaks the continuity between verses nine and ten. The fragments are designated by the column number ofHerbert's index suffixed by the fragment number ofParry's article, e.g. 25 1-4 is Parry's fragment complex 1-4, which Herbert assigned to column 25.

COLUMN 25-28

99

Fragments 1-4 + 43.113 B5 (Column 25: 1 Sam. 25:3-12), Plate XXXV, number 2

'''n,:m ":ll Tm " 'J,nJ "" vn\V', ,J'" \V'Ni11 o'''''vn v', n\Vj? \V'Ni11

25 1-4, 1 25 :3-4

N'i11

,,,

m

B

,~

D m 296-297 "Jl m " ,,, vn\V', ,J'" Cf. Mat. 8:28+Mark 5:2: CXV8PUJTr05 sv TrVEUIlCXTI

25 1-4, 2 25:4-5 B

o

297 25 1-4, 3 25:5-6 B

\V'N'

\V'Ni11 o'''''vn v', n\Vj? "Jn

cxKcx8cxPTUJ XCXASTr05 AICXV.

OnNJ' n"n" '''v O"Vln "N "" ,nw, \V'N n,\Vv "" n"\V', ,n"J UN::l nN O"Vl" - ", ,nN" O"Vl O"Vl" - O'Wl n"\V "", O"Vl UN::l nN ,nN" \V'N n,\Vv,,, n"\V', on"

,'v

t1l7\V i1l1Nl )n7

1l1\VNl tn7\v ID!ll

1l1)l

i1:l

tJl11))Nl tJl7\V7 )))\vl

l11V\V7

)))\V

7V

Db

t1l7\V

'\vN 7:)1

l11V\V7

17

tJl7\Vl

tJl1:l'll

DO C2

tn7\v 17 '\vN 7:n

l11V\V7

17

tJl7\Vl

tJl1:l'll

7:)1

l11V\V7

17

tJl7\Vl

tJl1:l'll

1l1 )l

De2

tJl7\V7

297 25 1-4, 4 25:6-7 B D 297 25 1-4, 5 25:7-8 B D 297

'J10J 1l0Y l'n

17 ''IZ>N D'y,n nny 17 Dm) " 'l1YO'lZ> ''IZ>N -

l'

''IZ>N 1l0Y l'n

-

1'y,

25 1- 4,6 25:8 B

nny, D"'IZ> l' ''IZ>N " ,

nnYl

,"Vl nN "N\v "n"J um> om'i1 'tJ' ." nn1Nn on" 'j?!)l N'" oun",n N" OUN'" OUN" oun",n N"

unv is supported by Armenian, Coptic and BM add. 14.429, the Jacob of Edessa Syriac version ofSamuel from 719 AD. Cf. Mark 5:3 (and see above to line 1): KCXI ouas CXAUOSI OUKETI ouasI5 sauvcxTo CXUTOV aTJocxl. For oun"J - see Psalm 32:9.

11' N::lnn '\vN nN Nl nln UJ J,,, 0" "V

UNJ UNJ UNJ

Dbc2e2 DO 297

17 tJl17N\Vl 7ll 7N

illn illn

1'Y' ''IZ>N D'y,n

LXXI LXXLuc : CXTrSKUJAUOCXIlSV perhaps

100

17 tJl17N\Vl 7ll 7N

11' N::lnn '\vN nN Nl mn

CHAPTER TWO

'~J

1n

'N::ln', ,,, "'l" O"Vlil ,"Vl O"Vlil O"Vln 'N::ln'

il'Nil 0"l1il

1'" O\!)l

25 1-4 , 7 25:8-9 B

,:>:>

o

o \!)

'V

il'Nil 0"l1il ,,, 'll ~N il'Nil

1'1

25 1-4,8 B (25:9-10) D 298

,:>:>

tl'1lV 'l' tl"n

"Vl

1ll"

0"l1il ""

O,~ '\!)N:> '\!)V" 'll 'N

297-298

O"Vlil 'Nl" 1"1' 1ll' 1'1lV'

'll 'N "l1"

'\v' Tl 'm 1"1 'Y.l 'ON"

1'"

"Vl

'1:1V

11N 'll

tl'1lvn

Oe2

0° 298

'Tlrm

nN' '!:l'!:l nN' '!:ln, nN 'Tlnp" Pl'N 'lO!:l \!)'N

'nnl" '\!)N

'TU' O'Tlnn IN~il 'TU' O'Tlm, IN~il 'TU' O'Tlnn IN~il 'TU' O'Tlm, IN~il 'TU'

1V"

mu', tl,i'" 1V" ,ll O'i'" 'll on:,,',

0'1lV 'li11 o"n '\v' II 'm 1" '0 'ON" Kat CXVETTTJOTJaEV = O'i'" occurs also at 20:34.

25 1-4, 9 25:10-11 B O bC 2

'Tlnl" 'Tlnl" 'Tlnl" 'n!:l\!)

'Tlnl"

'Tl!:l\!)

'Tlnl"

O'1lV'

"" 'Nl" 1'"

om'l O'~'On!:lil

'l" 'l" 'l" 'l"

om'lil om'lil

Pl1N 'lO!:l \!)'N

O'n'l

'110\v is TE8TJKCX, '11nl'J is TE8uKCX.

25 1-4, 10 25:11-12 B

,'W,

"'N

ob'

Dboc2 e2 299

O'1Vlil 1:>Oil" il!:lil i1T!:l 'N 'TlV" N' '\!)N O'\!)lN' 'Tlm,

0:>'" 'Nl" 'l\!)"

",

"Vl

'Nl" 'l\!)"

""

"Vl

""

"Vl

P'N

'TU'

"')"

Fragment 6 + 43.113 F9 (Column 25: 1 Sam. 25:25-28), Plate XXXV, number 3 25 6, 1 B (25:25) 302

11n,\V '\vN 'l1N "Vl 11N '11'N' N' 1110N 'lN' 'OV n'll' m\V 'll N,n p

256, 2 25:26 B

11' v\Vm, 'i'l 01l N'lO mn' 1VlO '\vN 1\V!:)l 'm mn' 'n 'l'1N n11V'

OC2

Dbe2

DO 303

1'1Vl O"Vln 11N '11'N' N'

11n,\V '\vN

-

'l' mv n'll' m\V 'll N,n

p

0'01l '\vN' '\vNJ

v\V,nm

'\vNJ '\vN'

v\V,m

'\VlN 01l NO'JnO

LXXlLXX bc2e2:

1VlO '\vN

O'i1'Nn 1"l

m1N

n11V'

Kcx8c.us- approximately transcribes '\vNJ, while c.uS-

abbreviates '\vN (LXXO: KCXI c.uS-). See to fragment 9, lines 3-4.

COLUMN

25 (I

SAM.

25:25-28)

101

''.VN l"1Nrn j1:J'lil

256, 3

ill"1l" ill"

'l1N 7N O''.Vi'lOil1 1'l'N 7ll:J ''il' ill"1l" '7

l"1N ni' l"1N ni' ''.VN l"1Nrn il:J'lil l"1N ni' ill"1l"

B (25:26-27) D 303-304

'l1N7 'l1N7 -

'.Vi'lOil1 "l'N 7lll 1'il' ill"1l" '7

V\!)O" ~l ~\!) '1'~ '''l'l o""ilnr.li1 0"V1"

256, 4

mm,

'1'~" 1nno\!) il~'lil

N'lil

25:27-28 B D 304

'l'~" '1'~"

O'l~li1 O'l~lil

1"V1"

V\!)o" ~l ~\!)

1nnO\!)

il~'lil

on"l '1'~ i11il' mr.m"o " 10~l n'l !l'~" i11il' il\!)V' il\!)V " 1no~

256, 5

i11il' 'l'~ non"o non"r.n i11il' i11il' non"r.n -

B (5:28) D

DO* 304

1n'l' '\!)'~

Fragment 7 + 43.113 A6 (Column 26: 1 Sam. 25:38-40), Plate XXXV, number 4 il1il' tll" 0'0'il l"1''.Vl':J 'j'"

25 7, 1 25:37-38 B D 306 Josephus:

PN7 il'il N'il1

'l7 '7 mo', il7Nil 0"l1il l"1N

'l'i'l PN:J 'l'i'l 1'il" PN:J 0'0' n''.Vl':J 'il" lN:J il'il N'il1 AUTTT]5 = lNJ

Hn:I 1"110" il7Nil 0"l1il

"pain" affinns through the wordplay lN:J/llNJ

LXXlLXXLuc : ll~' for MT: ll~".

25 7, 2

7ll 1'0 'l"1o,n l" l"1N l' ''.VN

ßapoux

7ll 1"10 ':J 1"10 ':J

DO

ßapoux

1"10 'J

DC2 De2

ßcxpoux

7ll 1"10 ':J

25:38-39

0'il7Nil

Db

306-307

25 7, 3 B (25:39) D 307

102

1"1 l'O'.V" mo', 7ll l"1N

il1il' ,"l 'ON"

CHAPTER TWO

- 0'il7Nil 7l11'0

'l"

1"1~

:1, 'WN

ßapoux

0'il7Nill":1 'ON"

1"10 ':J no ':J 1'1 ))):J'.V"

'\!)~'l il1i1' l'\!)il "ll nv, n~, ilV'O

n1O"

1\!)n nlV

O'V' ''0 O'V' ''0 '\!)~'l i11il' l'\!)il "ll nv, n~, ilV'O 1\!)n

n~,

m~,

308

''l':n~ 'N "" "lV 'Nl" i1'IVN' " i1nnp, ")'lNl 'l'" "" n,'IV" i1")'lN i1")'lNl i1")'lN i1")'lNl i1")'lN i1nN nnp' i1")'lNl i1")'lNl i1'IVN' " i1nnp, i1'IVN' 'l'" ", n,'IV"

25 7, 5 B (25:40-41)

mn'IVm D'pm i1'IVN2 " 1nnp' 1"N un,'IV "" "nN' i1"N "l'" i1,n':li1 i1' i1,n':l

257, 4 B (25:39-40) OboC2 Ob'

De2

Oe2

i1'

ObOC2

D,pn 1N

308

"')'l V)N ''lVN 'lN 'n lvm

Fragment 8 (Column 26: 1 Sam. 26:10-12), Plate XXXVI, number 2

nm N'l' m" 'N UO)' mi1' DN ':l mi1' '" "" ,nN'l "t), mi1' UO)' ,nN" N'l' m" 'N UO)' mi1' DN ':l

268, 1 B (26:10)

ob'

312

i1nv, mi1' n''lVnl

268, 2 26:10-11 B

", n''lVn i1mm

i1,',n i10t)l' ", i1nn,nl 'N

""

,V ,V

n''lVn n''lVn i1'ö' N' ", i1nv, D'ö'Ni1 n''lVn ),i1, ", n''lVn " i1,',n

o

312

LXX Acx agree with 4QSama restored: i1,',n without ". LXXLuc resolved the interjection into its component parts, abbreviating chet to waw, combining i1' reduced to " ending i1,',n with the next word: " to get "" shortened to N', and deleting mem to change mi1'n "from the Lord" to i1'ö' "let it (not) be". 268, 3 26:11-12 B

n'lnil

mt

mp',

u'

"" np', UnlN

313

1n'lM nN Nl np n'lnil

Obc 2e 2

o

nN' 1n\!)N'O

"" np"

"" np', UnlN

268, 4 26:12 B

nn!l~

'\!)N n'lnil

DO 313

O'Oil

ilJ'l'

,,, np',

1n'ln nN

1n\!)N' '\!>N n'lnil 1n\!)N' '\!)NO

1n\!)N' '\!)N n'lnil

np', PN' i1N' PN' Di1' ':l'" "N'IV 'l1'IVN,n ''lVN Dmi1 nnO:lr nN' mvn Di1 i1N' l'N'

- 1!1'IVN,n - 1!1'IVN,n "N'IV' ''lVN Dmi1 nnO:lr nN' mvn

COLUMN

26 (1

SAM.

26:10-12)

103

LXXi and Coptic support ,u~U> '11U>H'Y.l 'U>H. Josephus: aU\lßOAOV OE TOU KTEIVexl OUVTj8EI5 exrrooxea8exl AexßWV exUTOU to OOpU Kexl TOVexKOV TOU UOexT05 05 Tjv rrexp exUTW KEI\lEV05 TW aexouAw shows that the water-flask was incidental to the spear, which David tookfrom him as symbol. Josephus: rrexp exUTW corresponds to 1Y.lVY.l in the restoration. 268, 5 B (26:12-13) D

"1' 'lV'1 lJiP'V i1'Ol mi1' nY.l"n ':J lJ'lU>' lJ',:J '.2...Y'PY.l PH1 V'1'

Fragment 9 (Column 27: 1 Sam. 26:21-24), Plate XXXVI, number 3 'HY.l i1l'i1 m\VH1 '11':Jtm mi1

279, 1 B (26:21) D

Or delete mi1 with LXXlLXXLuc and restore the first word i1Ti1. 279, 2 26:22 B D ba 318

'lV'1 1'Y.li1 n'ln mi1 'Y.lH'1 "1' n'lni1 'lV'

1V"

n,\V lJ'Y.li1 nno~:n n'lni1 mi1 'Y.lH'1 ,,,

1V"

i1np', lJ"Vli1Y.l ,nH

Hl lJnp'

lJ1'i1 mi1' 1ml '\vH 1nlY.lH nH1 1nP'~ nH \V'H' l'\V' mi1'1 279, 3 1'n1p'~ B (26:23) 1'mp,~ D lJ1'i1 1lnl '\vH 1'mp,~ U>'H' l'U>' lJm'Hi1 318 But MT: i1P'~ and LXX: OIKexlOOUVTj diverge in the plural- cf. 12:7 (XI,19 in the scroll) where mp'~ is rendered OIKexIOOUVTjV. W5 = '\vH, see line 4 where Kex8w5 = 'tziK:J, and cf. to fragment 6, line 2. i1"l '\vH:J

279 ,4 26:23-24 B D 318 279, 5 B (26:24) D boe2

mm i1nV1

mi1' n'\vY.ll n'\VY.l n'\VY.l

,,~ n,\V, '11'lH H,', "'l

"l

,V ,V

1l ", n,\V, '11'lH H', "'l i11~ ':JY.l 'l"~"

DC2 LXX, LXXc2:

mi1' 'l'Vl '\vOl "m

p

'~Vl i1Ti1 lJ1m 1\VOl

'l''11tP lJl 'l"~i1' lJl

'lO' 'lO,

i1Tl 1\VOl i1Ti1 lJ1'l

'l''111:)' lJl

'lO'

1\VOl i1Ti1 lJ1'l

"also to hide me" became in LXXboe2 Kex I EKorrexoex I \lE "also to save me", which duplicates the following 'l"~" (Kex I E~EAOI TO \lE).

104

CHAPTER TWO

Kexl oKErrexoEI \lE

Fragment 10 (Column 27: 1 Sam. 27:8-28:3), Plate XXXVI, number 4

2io , 1

Y'Nil TlN 1'n il:Ji11 o"~l:l Y'N 1Y

B (27:8-9) Db

DC2e2 DO

-

,:J',

-

,:J',

m,'IV

,N':l o"Yl:l ''lVN

- 1Y' m"~:l "'IV:ll:l':Il:l'N o'"Yl:l 1Y' "'IV:Il:l 'N 1Y'

"'IV:Il:l

1Y'

"'IV:Il:l

LXX: TETEIX10llEVWV = m"~:l certifies that the word preceding it, YEAall~oup, transcribes "~l:l'Y and not "'lVl:l'Y. The complete clause: alro aVf]KovTWV f] alro YEAall~oup is a scribal note offering two possibilities for MT: il"'IV ,N':l o"Yl:l, and it reads: "(you can use either) 'from (those) going up' or 'from "~l:l'Y"', i.e. you can translate O"Yl:l either as short for o'"Yl:l or as long for o,Yl:l in the place-name "~l:l'Y. The particle f] = "or" became in MT and LXXb the relative pronoun f], modifying the preceding Y'Nil: il"'IV ,N':l o"Yl:l ''lVN Y'Nil m:l'IV' MT m"~:l "~O'Yl:l 'N o'"Yl:l il:l'IV' Y'Nil LXX "'lVl oYl:l Y'Nil il:l'IV' LXXoc2e2 "'lVl oYl:l

LXXb

''lVN Y'Nil il:l'IV'

LXXLuc shortened "~l:l'Yl:l to "'lVl oYl:l or simply "'IV:Il:l, while most of the Greek tradition read "'lVl TlNl:l, thus leaving tau in the name - see esp. LXXi: arro TEYEOOUP (the rest: arro TEAall~oup). Correct Taylor, 98: "aVf]KOVTWV]

+ h b B Acx" to Yf]] + h b". LXXAcx and Armenian support "And David smote the land". 0'1l:l' o"l:ll' o',mm 'v:l, lN~ nv" il'IVN' 'IV'N il'M' N"

27 10, 2 27:9 323

O"l:lm o',m, il:l'il mvl:l

2710 , 3 27:9-10

OPil oTl"'IV!) 'l:l 'Y

B D boc2e2

oTll:l'IV oTll:l'IV

Db' 324

Tl"'IV!) 'l:l 'Y

'IV':JN

nv"

o''lVlNl:l

'l:lN" m "l:l 'IV':JN 'N N':l"

'N 1'n 'N 'IV':JlN 1"1 'N 'IV':JN

lNl:l" :l,'IV"

'IV':JlN 'IV':JN

'N:l" 'N:l"

,:l,'IV" ,:l,'IV"

'IV':JN

'N:l"

,:l,'IV"

,'l:lil 'l:lN"

MT: oTl"'IV!) 'N 'IV':JN 'l:lN" is incomplete. The scribe of 4QSama began to follow LXX in correcting MT, just as LXX and 4QSama corrected MT's ,'l:lil Tl'lMil to ,'l:lil Tl'l!L at fragment 9, line 2 = 26:22 q.V. He and wrote over it the ayin in changed his mind, erased the ale/in and thus finished the sentence at line end. The correction is clearly visible in the plate. LXX is original, and MT left the text defective to signal the two warring versions: that ofthe scroll and that ofLXX.

'N

'Y

COLUMN

27 (1

SAM.

27:8-28:3)

105

~'N' 'Tlj.'i1

27 10, 4 27: 10-11 B

:m

'li'i1

,V'

'Nl:m,'

'N1 "Nr.m"i1 i1l0~'

Doe2

110,n

DC2

11l:1,n

D b'

110,n

Db

10,n

b'*

III 'N' i11'il' III

,V,

i11~i1

LXXlLXXLuc spell i111i1'

IOUOOIO,

~1:JlN 'N ~1::>N 'N

~"lN 'N

~"N

i1,'

just as 01'N is

looul1atO

'ON' nl

'ON'1

(2 Sam. 8:14). i1'n' N' i1~N' ", i1~N

Dbc2e2

,~

DO

~ '~N

,~

o"n~'!l i11~l "" l~' '~N 0'0'i1 ,,, '''!l~0 i1:>1 "" i1~V ,::>

27 10 , 6 27:11 B D

o'n~'!li1 O'J1~'!li1

i1~V

"1'

i1T1

i1'i11 'N'~'l 1l:IVl ~'Nli1 ~Nli1

"1'l

'1l:IN'

~'::>N

10N'1 "",

'ON'

D bc 2e2

~"N

'NO 'ON" 'NO

DO

~"N

'ON'1 'NO

i1'i11

324

'N

'V1 i111i1' III ,V

i1::> '1l:IN' 1l"V nl' 11'l' l!l '1l:IN' i1nl N'li1'

27 10 , 5 27:11 B

27 10, 7 27:12 B

"" 'ow,

'V1

11l:1,n

D 324

,V

1l:IVl

~'Nli1

",

~"lNl

'ON'

"11

~"N ~"N

"11l

10N"

The addition "", at line begin is based on LXXa2 : EOIOEI. Cf. the name of Josiah's mother at 2 Kings 22: 1: i11',' = EOIOO. And Solomon's nickname: i11',' = EOEOEI (2 Sam. 12:25). The sense ofthe line begin is "friendly and in the trust of Achish". 27 10, 8 B (27:12) D boc2e2

O"V 'lV'" O"V' 1:1V O"V' '1lV -

Db' 324 27 10, 9 28:1 B D 325

106

CHAPTER TWO

O"V' 'lV O"V' 'lV " on'i1'

Nl~' Oi1'lMO nN .Q"n~'!l '~li'" 0i1i1 O'l:l'l 'i1'1 O'J1~'!l nN~' Oi1'lnOl -

i10n,o, nN~' on'i1' nN~'

O'J1~'!li1

O'J1~'!li1 '~li'" 0i1i1 O'l:l'l 'i1"

mnol

27 10 , 10 28:1 B D bc2e2

non,o, non,o, non,o, Nl

DO 325

nN l',n

27 10 , 11 28:1-2 B

nnN nnl' nnl'

o

N':> l',n V'" "" 'N \V':>N 'ON" 'N'\v' 'V mN 'N'\V'l Cl' \v':>lN 'nN mN \v':>N mN 'ON "" 'N \v':>N' N~n \V':>N 'ON" 'N'\v' 'V

N~m

P' \V':>N 'N ""

""

'ON" 2Nl"P non,o, 1'\vlN' nnN mN

\v':>lN \v':>N

325-326

non,o, 1'\vlN' nnN mN

", 'ON"

,:> 10'\vN '\vN" ,m\V P' ""2 \V':>N 'ON" 'lN n\Vl'N '\vN ", 'N 1'll' n\Vl" "" 'N \v':>lN 11ll' n\Vl" "" 'N \v':>N 11ll' n\Vl" 10'\vN '\vN" ,m\V 'ON" 1'l':> n\vl'N

27 10, 12 28:2 B

p, "

o

326

C'O'i1

27 10 ,13 (28:2)

"tm "N\v' "'l'l' nO'l ,n'lp" "'l'l cmo,nl "'l'l c'no,nl "'l'l cmo,nl

27 10 , 14 B (28:3)

Db 0°

,:> "

2N'\v'

"!:l'O"

no 'Nm\V,

'''l\V

Fragment 11 (Column 28: 1 Sam. 28:22-25), Plate XXXVI, number 5 28 11 , 1 28:22-23 B

o

D b'* 338

il'IVNil o:n

"nv tl '~'!)"

':>N N' 'ON" lNO"

1"l 1'" ':> m:> 1l

o'v' VO'IV" o'v' Vl'J'IV" o'v' VO'IV" o'v' VO'IV"

':>N' ':>N'

10N' N" 10N' lNl'J"

':>N'

il'IVNil

Ol'

'l '~'!)" ':>N N' 'ON" lNO" illN N" 1"l1,n ':>

m 1l

LXX Luc : KCXI rpTEI8110EV KCXI OUK EßOUA1l811 q,CXYEIV expanded 'ON" 1No', without achieving the breadth of the original text: ':>N N' 'ON" 1l'" ':>N' 1No', 10N' 1No'" where 1NO", 10N", 'ON" and 1l'" created a jumble. Josephus rendered the doublet: CXVTEXOVTCX OE KCXI TEAEW5 CXmOTpCXlJlJEVOV UTrO CX8UIJICX5.

COLUMN

28 (l

SAM.

28:22-25)

107

Hm:lTm 'ilom n'JJ

28 11 , 2

VJ'O

28:23-24 B Db'oC2 e2

'V'

J,n J,n

" nJTm lilnJTm

Db 339

'lV il~N" i1\mil 'N J~" nNil ]0 tl'V" )"NilO tlV" Nt>:m

'V

'lV il~N"

":lN" ",JV 'lll" "N~ 'lll' ~lm m~o 'illlm ~"m noV nVm

28 11 , 3

~,m

28 :24-25

DO

n,~n,

",JV 'lll"

339

"lll' ~lm

'~Jil il~vm

LXXo either eonfused Kai errelltev with Kai erretev (see to VII,6), or generated n,~m to complement ~,m for which he gave il~" (Kai eoO"

·~'v~ 'N

LXXLuc : nn' 'v,n', LXX: il'ill LXXLuc : il'i1

Jos. vi,367: il'ill (Kai ... eKpaTTlOe)

LXX, LXXo: lJll\?>Ol LXX: v'v~

LXXLuc : l'v~

· "" MT, LXX, LXX Luc : Jos. vi,367:,n · lilV'" i11'il' 'lvT' ??\?>ilO MT: 'ilV" i11lil' 'lvT' ??\?>ilO

LXX:

"Y'"

ili'il' ,,~m tJ'lPT' "lVilO ili'il' 'lPT'

"Y"

. il"l tJ"

LXX: -

30,4

,n'l 'lVN"

30:26-27 B

,ml

Db DO DC2 De2 30,5

"Y'"

ilim' 'lPT' LXXe2: LXXboC2: "lVilO Jos. vi,367: ili'il' "llVl tJ"ln1 tJ'Y'il " , LXXLuc : tJ" il"l Jos. vi,367: nun

JlVN" 'N n'll 'lVN' mil' 'l'N "lVO ~lll lllil nm'l ,,~n'll III pa~a-l III pa~a-l 'Nn'll III

nl'l

III

pa~aae-l

'Nn'll

III

pa~a-l

"Nnll

yonlVN~ 'lVN" nm!llVl 'lVN" 'Y1»l 'lVN"

ml'lVN"

30:28-29 B Doc2e2

'iOY PP"Yl

'nlVNl 'lVN" '!llVl tJnlNl 'lVN" nml'!llVl tJmll 'lVN"

Db

"Nn'll

B2 D2

mO'!llVl

PP"Yl

nO'nl nO'l

1!llVl 1!llVl

nO"l ll'Pl

LXX and LXXLuc give two versions ofthe line. The variants to the second version, which follows the first, are designated above with B2 and D2 at left. To mO!llVl cf. 2 Sam. 19:25: 'O!llV illVY N" "And (Mephiboshet) didn't do his moustache" before greeting David retuming from exile. LXX: 'iOY (al-ll-laOEI) refers to Samuel's words to Saul after he anointed hirn (1 Sam. 10:2): 'iOYO tJ"il 1n"l. He continues n"lp, and thus " ' l 'lVN" in the continuation of (verse 2): You will come to the city list. The exegesis connected Samuel with David and Mephiboshet with his

,m

father Saul. LXXLuc : arikain Cl'p"Y, l'P '1») gives the MT variant to 'TlPil "Y in the next line and labels the missing lines after IX,19: 'iOYO as tJ'p'Yil "the missing". MT: yonlVNl is nlVl'!lO "Mephiboshet" with -'!l0 transferred to word-end (pe-yod is almost identical to ayin) and nlVl expanded to nlVNl. LXX and LXXLuc added ml 'lVN" on the basis ofthe conquered Philistine city nmONmno (37,27) = ilONil (2 Sam. 8: 1) = n'nll' m (1 Chron. 18: 1) = TTlV awp 10I-lEVTlV (2 Sam. 8: 1 LXXlLXXLuc). yonlVN appeared to them the same as ilONnlVN "woman slave-girl". The picture is of a lnO "bit" in Mephiboshet's moustache to subjugate hirn - see Is. 37:29: 1'n!llVl 'lnm and 2 Sam. 22:45: " 'YOlV' lTN YOlV'. To LXX: nO"l (EV KE1l-lae and LXX Luc : nO'l (EV K11-la6) cf. "YO', the city ofrefuge from the invading Shishak (2 Chron. 12:7).

30,6 30:29-30 B

'lVN" 'Tlpil '1»l 'lVN" "Non"il ")'l 'lVN" " ' l 'lVN" 'l'Pil

DO

'N'lV' 'N'lV'

'O"l 7!l"l

7N'lV'

70"l

Db

DC2e2 COLUMN

30 (1

SAM.

30:24-2

SAM.

1:6)

109

30, 7 B (30:30-31)

n'lnl ''VH"

DO

111Vl ''VH'' l'VV ":Jl ''VH'' ilo,nl m)l Vl'V'Hll 11m"Vl rama-l vayeß-l Vl'V'Hll

D bc2

vayeß-l

Vl'V'Hll

vayeß-l

Vl'V1Hll

De2

"lnl

mO"Vl (EV IEpEII..IOu8) exegetes ilo,n in the sense lJ,n "ritual murder", cf. lJmO'il "mount ofthe two dead", the burial place of Samuel (1 Sam. 25:2: ilO'l) and Jesus (Mat. 27:57: Arimathea). For lJ,n 'il see Judges 1:35: 'O,n 'il

(samek resembles final mem).

30,8

·"",

LXX: "" LXX, LXXLuc : lJ'V ""

· ,'n lJ\V

30, 9

. lJ"11'V'~"

LXX, LXX Luc : lJ'11\V,!)m

Jos. vi,368: lJ'11\V,!)m

LXX: 'H'\v' ,V mn,) LXX Luc , MTc : 'H'\v'l mn,) LXXc , LXX LucC : ,H''V' ,H mn,) Jos. vi,368: (lJ)11H lJmn,) · '\v)H ,'OU', MTc , LXXLucC : \V'H 'Ol" LXXc : ,'OU', · 'H''V'llJ'On,)

LXX, LXXLuc : lJ'11\v'!)il

· lJ"11\v,!)

30,10

· V'l,lil · 'i'l'" · lJ"11\v'!) · 11H · 11H'

30, 11

'lJ"11\v'!) 'l'l'lH

30,11-12

30,12

LXX Luc , LXXc, LXX LucC : V'l'l LXXc , LXXLucC : ,!)""

· "H\v ,V 'lJ'\vlH

MTC : Vl,l

LXX Luc , LXX LucC : lJm\v'!)il MTc , LXXc , LXX LucC : ',nH MTc , LXXc , LXX LucC : ',nH' LXX Luc , LXX LucC : lJm\v'!)il LXX: l'lP LXXc , LXX LucC : l'l'OH

· V\V "'0 MT, MTc : "H\v 'll Vl\v-"'O LXX Luc , LXXc , LXX LucC : '1H\v 'll V'\V','O

· HnH~O"

30, 13

Jos. vi,368: lJ'11\V,!)il

Jos. vi,369: l'l'OH LXX: ,m\V 1l V\V','o

Jos. vi,369: "H\v 'll \V','O

MT: "H\v 'H Jos. vi,368: lJil' (auTolS OOSf\S alTOKEI\lEVf\S) c LXX : lJ'H~O" See right above for Josephus. c c LucC , , MT LXX LXX :_

LXXc : lJmH' m11\Vi'l LXX LucC : lJ'l'Hll m11\Vi'l For lTOVOI = lJ'll~ see 1 Sam. 15:3. LXXC/LXXLucC meant not lJ'llH but rather lJ'llH "stones" - i.e. they pierced hirn and stoned hirn. · n\Vi'l

MT: lJ',milO 'HO ,n'l LXX, LXXo: lJ',ono ,n'l LXX bc2e2: lJ',ono ,m,m'l MTc : lJ"Pil10 ,n'l LXXc : l,n'l m11\Vi'ilO LXXLucC : m11\Vi'ilO "'1 (for ETpOlTcu8f\ = " , see Dan. 7:21) · lJ"OilO ,n'l

LXX, LXX Luc : EIS Ta UTTOxovopla refers - so Liddell-Scott - to the soft tissue around the abdomen, that is the fat or bone marrow, Hebrew the no,

110

CHAPTER TWO

which was made "bitter" tP,O (for reverse polarity in number with "bow" see 1 Sam. 2:4: 'O'nn 'O"ll n~i'), thus 'O',ono. To no "bone marrow" see Job 21 :24; to no "fatty tissue" see Is. 8: 17 and Psalms 66: 15. See also Lam. 1:20: "o,on 'vo and 2: 11: 'vo "o,on. MT: 'NO is a gloss explaining the unknown word 'O',ono, which the scribe understood in the sense ,mn "heavy, grievous" (cf. Ex. 8:10: 'O,on 'O,on 'OnN "l~" and Num. 11 :32: 'O',on ~t1N "'VOin) and changed to 'O"'OilO to fit the context. - N~U 'N MT: N~l' Jos. vi,370: N~U'

30, 14

LXXb':

-1l,n -')'i'" -'l"i'" Kat

'l,n

Jos. vi,370:

l,nn

LXX, LXXLuc,MTc, LXXc, LXXLucC : + nl Jos. vi,370: + nl Lxxbc2e2: 'lm'Oin MTc , LXXc , LXXLucC : 'l"i'" is arrOKEVTT}OUJOIV I-lE; 'l,n'Oin is Kat arrOKTEIVUJOIV I-lE.

30, 15

-l,nn nN

LXX Luc : ,l,n

30,17

-'l,n -mv 1110"

MTC : l,nn MTC, LXXLucC :

Jos. vi,371:

no',

'l,n

LXXC : -

30,17-18

LXX, LXXo: 'OPl P'~ N~m -nn' Nmn 'OPl P~lN "~ Cl P'~ N~m nn' N,nn LXX b: "n' N,nn 'OPl P~lN ,,, Cl P'~ 'N~m MTC : ,no nn' ,n'l ,,, LXXc : no nn' m'l ,~, N,nn 'OPl LXXLucC : ,no "n' m'l ,,, N,nn 'OPl Jos. vi,372: mo "n' ,n'l ,~,

30, 18

- '~lN 'N'" MTc, LXX LucC : ~'N ,~ ,N", vi,373: 'O"lvn 'vo~" - 'N'~'

-'~N

LXX bC : LXXo*: -

Jos. vi,373:

LXXC: ~'N ,~ N'"

'~N

30, 18-19

-l,,'n 'lVl '~N' i'ovn 'lVl MTc, LXXc, LXXLucC : i'0Vl 1"m 'lVl i'0Vl Delete Taylor, 109: "01 2 ] > 0 e g"

30, 19

- 'N'~' -no

'~)N ,t1) MTc : mo

MTc : 't1l

Jos.

LXXC , LXXLucC : 'N'~'

Jos. vi,373:

t1)

30,20

-'O',vn LXX, LXX Luc , MTc , LXXc , LXXLucC : 'On',v Jos. vi,373: 'On',v - 'O))n~'!ln MT, MTc , LXXc : 'O'n~'!l Jos. vi,373: 'O'n~'!ln c -lnl MT : 'Onl

30,21

-n,noo m', LXXe2: n,nom 'n', LXX b: n,nom Jos. vi,374: n,nom LXX, LXXb, LXXbC : ,Nl Jos. vi,374: -,N,l', - 'O))n~'!ln MT, MTc , LXXc : 'O'l1~'!l Jos. vi,374: 'O'l1~'!ln LXX, LXXo: 'O'l1on Jos. vi,374: 'O'non -'O'''nn

COLUMN

30 (1

SAM.

30:24-2

SAM.

1:6)

111

30,22

Jos. vi,374:· n'IV''IV LXXb*: 'l'IV LXXC2 , MTc , LXXc , LXXLucC :_ · tJ"!)U LXXb'c: "!)l ''lVN · 'ill LXX, LXXo: 'ilil ,V · V'l':1i1 MTc : Vl'l LXX, LXXLuc , LXXc , LXXe2C: V'l'l

30,22-23

MT: m'IV!)" ''lVN' nN m,,', · ''lVN' nN m,,', "" nN m''IV!)'' ,mN 'l''IV'' "" nN LXX: "" nN '''''IV!)'' mN 'l''IV'' LXXbc2e2: m,,', "" nN 'ilm''IV!)'' ''lVN' nN MTc, LXXc , LXXLucC : nN 'N'IV" m,,''IV!)'' "" nN' ''lVN' Jos. vi,374: tlil''lVN' nN m,,', tlnN '''''IV!)''

30,23

· tlnN

MT, LXXLuc , MTc, LXXc :-

30,24

· n'l · tlVil

LXX, LXXLuc , MTc, LXXc : nN LXXLuc , LXXLucC : tlOV

30,25

·· "" m,n'IVV

LXXbc2e2: "N'IV ", Jos. vi,374: tlil'" LXXC: tlil'" MTC, LXXc, LXXLucC : tlil'il'N · ,nm MTc : m'l'l LXXc , LXXLucC : ''lVN' · ,vpn LXXc : m'IV · 1'IV n'l nmnl LXX: tlvn'l no,nl LXXbc2e2: l'IVn'l nmnl LXXo: c LucC c lo'IVn'l nmnl MT , LXX , LXX : lu, n'll Jos. vi,374: l'IVn'l nmn 'N

30,26

· 'l'IV" "'N

LXX, LXXo: 'l'IV" Lxxbc2e2: 'l'IV" MTC : " LucC c LXX , LXX : 'l'IV" " Jos. vi,375: 'l'IV" c · 'IV'l' LXX : Jos. vi,375: n"V'lil LXX, LXXLuc : n"V'lil LXXLucC : 'V'lil · 'V'l Jos. vi,375:LXX, LXXLuc , LXXLucC : tl'n'IV'!)il · tl "n'IV'!) LucC LXX : + "ll" · ?'N'IV'

30,27

LXXb'C: + 'V'll · ,mp" LXXC, LXXe2C: + 'V'lO · ,m 'IV'N LXXoc2e2: ,'n ''lVlN LXXb: tl"llil MTc, LXXc : LXX LucC : 'Nl" · il"'il " "", · mp" MTc : 'N'IV"

30,28

MT, MTc , LXXc, LXX be2C: "ll LXXb'c: tlil'll Jos. · ullm'il' vi,375: "ll · 1'IV n'l nmno LXX: tl'IVn'l nmno LXXLuc : l'IVn'l nmno MTc , LXXc , LXXLucC : Jos. vi,375-376: l'IVn'l nm no · tlnN 'N'l" MT: 'Nl" MTc : tln~'l" Jos. vi,376: -

30,29

· tlilmm~v nN mp" tl'IV tlnN '!)''IV'' tlil'nm~v MTc , LXXc , LXXLucC : KOTEKAouaov;

112

CHAPTER TWO

LXXLucC : tJ'n'IV'!)il

Jos. vi,374:-

LXXLuCC : 'nll

,,'V

'!)''IV'' is KOTEKouaov.

LXX bC : + ilV'll

LXXb: nN mp" tl'IV tlnN ,,!)tl" Jos. vi,377: "!)t),, "!)t),, is

· "lP" · '\!)Nil

30,30

MTC , LXXc , LXXLucC : + Oilmm~l)' nN MTc , LXXc , LXX LucC : il'Nil

Jos. vi,377: + OTl"U

LXX: \!)'l' '\!)N LXX bc2 e2, LXXc , LXX b'e2C : \!)'l'l MTc , LXX bC : \!)l'l Correct Taylor, 110: "EV] > b'" to EV] > b' o. LXX: UTrO Tllv apoupav Tllv laßEIS" (\!)'l' '\!)N '\!)Nil TlnTl or laßEIS"-il '\!)Nil TlnTl) confused '\!)Nil with '\!)Nil, which is a gloss telling the scribe: "After '\!)Nil you can write either \!)l'i1 or \!)'l' '\!)N". To the second possibility cf. 2 Sam. 2:32: on, Tl'l '\!)N "lN 'lPl "In the grave ofhis father which is Bethlehem", which · il\!)l'l

LXX corrected to on,n'la "lN 'lPl and LXXLuc to On'Tl'll '\!)N "lN 'lPl, and 1 Sam. 6:14: '\!)O\!)il Tl'l V\!)'il' i11\!)l, which LXXo rendered: EIS" aypov WOllE TOU ßaI8oaJ.luS" "in the field of Joshua who is Beyt Shemesh". LXX opted for neither possiblity, but rather left \!)'l' untranslated; and Tllv laßEIS" became the object of Jesus' wrath: the il\!)l' illNn "withered fig tree" (Mat. 21 :19-20). Less likely is that LXX meant llv laßEIS" \!)'l' (il)lil "Look! (It's) dry!" - cf. Mark 11 :21: "Peter said to Hirn, 'Rabbi, Look! The fig tree you cursed is dry! ", · 0'0' LXX: + "" l\!)" 1'OVil TlN m:mo l\!) "", "N\!) Tlm ',nN 'i1" O'l\!) 0'0' )'P~l Jos. vi-vii: -

30,31

· m:mo LXX, LXXLuc : il:lO Jos. vii, 1 specifies il:lO explicitly: OUVEßll OE TaUTllV YEvea8at TllV uaxnv Ka8 llV llJ.lEpaV Kai oaulollS" TOUS" aJ.laAllKITaS" vlKlloaS" EIS" OEKEAAav UTreaTpE\j)EV. P'OVil TlN m:mOl\!) "",

belongs at the beginning of verse 17, after the execution of the Amalekite messenger who reported Saul's death, verses 9-10. The words fit at verse 1 only ifthey're seen in connection with verse 10: "I brought you the crown from his head" and 12:30: "And he took the crown oftheir king from his head" and altered to read: 'p,OV Tl:lN'O ill\!) "", "And David captured Amalekite craftwork" - i.e. the crown. That's the sense of Josephus vii,2: TreaOVTOS" OE Kat TOU ßaatAEWS" aUTWV oaOUAOU J.lETa TWV TEKVWV, i.e. TrEOOVTOS" OE Kat TOU ßaatAEIWS" aUTOU "N\!) J.lETa TEKVWV so that "Saul their king fell with the sons" becomes "His borrowed crown fell with (the) craftsman" with lN'O (Amalekite messenger) becoming craftsman (he who does il:lN'O). Further emendments bring two other meanings to bear: l\!) "", P'OVil Tl:l'O "And David returned from Amalek", which summarizes the foregoing, and 'P'OV 1N'0 ill\!) "", "And David captured an Amalekite messenger", which introduces the matter ofthe Amalekite messenger, i.e. Uriah the Hittite because for both ofthem the wages of delivering a message after a two-day sojourn with David was death (the Amalekite verses 2 and 15; Uriah 11: 12-17). The connection between the m:lilo/il:lO of David and the lN'O was affirmed by Josephus, who put the word m:lilO - that is aTrO TllS" ... J.laXllS" - in the mouth ofthe messenger (vii,2). See to 41,20. · )'P~l LXX: P'P~l

30,32

· \!)'N illi11

30,33

· OVo

LXX b : illil \!)'N' LXXLuc : OV

COLUMN

30 (1

SAM.

30:24-2 SAM. 1:6)

113

30,33 30,34

· CVO

LXX Luc : CV

·.,!",

LXXboC2: + C'!!N

· ,nn~',

.,.,

30,35

LXX, LXXLuc : LXXLuc : ""N

· N'Jn

·"N'~'

·"" ,., 30,36

· ,J,i1 i1'i1 · 'li1 • '~N

· i1on"oi1

30,37

· Cl n10', • no' · 'Vli1 "N

30,38-39

114

CHAPTER TWO

JOS.

+'.,

vii,2: "N'~'

LXXLuc :

""N ""

LXX, LXXLuc : mi1 ,J,i1 MT: + Nl LXXLuc : LXX Luc : + mnOi1 10

LXX Luc : MT, LXXLuc : Cl'

JOS.

vii,2: Cl "!!"

MT, LXX Luc : lnO LXX, LXXLuc : 'Vl"

· ,., ")r.li1 'Vli1 'ON" 13J 1nl1i1" "'N~ no " nV1' 1'N (LXX C2: lno)

LXXo: -

30,39

""N

Jos. vii,2:

"V

· '''!!l i1J,i1 Cl' MT: "!!l i1J,i1 Cl' LXX, LXXLuc : C'J, '''!!l' Jos. vii,2: C'J, i1J,i1lnO (TrOAACUV I-IEV avalpe8elocuv ... I-Iuplaocuv) · ln1r.l',

30,38

+'.,

LXX: NJ i1nN LXX: + 'lN MT: ",

LXXe2 : + Ci"l!!

· N'i'l

Jos. vii,3: 'ON"

LXX: 'N'i'l

Column 31 (2 Sam. 1:6-2:4) Herbert, 299, Plate XIV From this point on, the plates used are those in Herbert's book, since they include newly identified fragments, and in them the fragment positioning is more accurate than in the P AM photos. The column numbers are in italics to indicate that they have no other significance than to correspond to the numbers assigned to them in Herbert's book. 31,1

, 1V'lVl , l:l'il

LXXe2: + V'l') 'ill LXX, LXXLuc : O'l:l'il

31,2

, "N N'i'" 'lN'"

31,3

, 'r.lN' , ':llN

31,4

J os. vii,3: '!ll

LXX Luc : 'lN'i'" 'lN'"

LXX: 'lN'i'" N'"

MT: "'N 'r.lN" (ketiv)

LXXOC2:

LXXLuc : + "'N

-

LXX, LXXLuc : ,mn 1'IVn (OKoTo50elvov)

'l'l'IVil

To explain the

unknown l'l'IVil LXX/LXXLuc referred to Job 30:30: il,n 'r.l:llV' "Vr.l ,n'IV

"'v

l,n 'lr.l TO oe oeplla 1l0U EOKOTc.uTal ueyaAc.us- Ta oe OOTa 1l0U alTO KaullaT05. LXXI LXX Luc identified Job' s distress with that of Saul and 'lr.l l,n "from fever" in Job with the sword (l,n) stuck in Saul's body. Cf. Job 16:6: 'lN:l1'IVn' N', where LXX exchanged the two verbs to get OUK aAYlloc.u TO Tpaulla, with Tpaulla fixed to 1'IVn" i.e. 1'IVn = OKOT05 at Samuel. ':I LXX: ,:I ':I LXX Luc :

,"V ,,,

31,6

,'V,

, i11V:llN' LXX, LXXLuc : "''lVil (TOV xAloc.uva) Jos. vii,4: li1Til See 2 Sam. 8:7: where TOU5 XAIOc.uva5 TOU5 XPUOOU5 are the li1Til which "were on Hadadazar's servants". The sentence appended there to MT

'''''IV

by 4QSam a, (see 37,37), LXX, LXX Luc , Jos. vii,105 and OL notes that these shields ('l

MT:oV MT:oV

,~1

,'V

MT, LXXLuc :,'Oni1

2

, 'll

LXX, LXXLuc : 11'li1

MT: 11'l

, 'llN'

MT: Oi1"V "0'

, np,

'N ,'V,li1 LXX, LXX ,'V' MT: 'N' , "'lVNi1

LXX: "'lV11

,'V,I

MT:

Jos. vii,9: + 'lll

LXXLuc : "NlV Nl~

LXXe2: 'VllV'N

LXX: ,i1'V" Jos. vii,9: ,m'lV" LXX: i10'lnO mnOi1 10 LXX Luc : mnOi1 10

, tJ'lnO O'lno N'i1 11'l"l 'lV"'!) 'lVN "v MT:

32,9

LXXLuc : "0' Oi1"V'

Jos. vii,9: np',

, 11lVl lV'N LXX: 11lVl' LXX boC2: 11lVl'!)OO 11lVl' Jos. vii,9: 11lVl' , 'i1"lV"

,,'V

LXXd : 'llN'

MT: "NlV' 'lVN Nl~

LXXo c2e2: np',

Jos. vii,8: UllVi1

LXX: "0'

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + 'lll

, "NlV' 'lVN Nl~i1 Jos. vii,9: "NlV Nl~

32,8

LXXN *: '11N ':>

LXXY: '11N'

LXX, LXXLuc : nlVO

"'0' Oi1"V 32,7

Jos. vii,8: i1lVVOi1

LXX:-

MT, LXX: '11N Ol' LXX Luc : '11N ':>,

, '11N' , ,nlVO

32,6

LXX: O'i1'Ni1 ,'On

LXXa:

Jos. vii, 10: l'lO

Luc : 1'11"V'li1

LXX boC2: "TNi1

LXXe2: "lVNi1

'N'

, 'V'T' LXX, LXXLuc : 'N'lV' , 'N'lV' ,:> MT: ,V ':>'Ol "NlV II 11lVl lV'N mlV O'Vl'N II i1,:> 'N'lV'

COLUMN 32 (2 SAM.

2:5-29)

119

,Im tJ'l'IV tJ'n~" 'N1'IV'

LXX, LXXLuc : + "N'IV 1=1 n'IVl' m'IV tJ'Vl1N tJ'l'IV tJ'n'IV' ,N1'IV' ",Ol (LXX boC2: n'IVl'OOO, LXXe2: 'Vl'IV'N instead Ofn'IVl') LXXY*: "r.l tJ'l'IV tJm'IV' ,N1'IV'" Jos. vii,10: 1mnn

"0 32,1 0

° m,n' ° n'i1

32,10-11

,V

LXX, LXXLuc : + 1'IVN MT, LXX, LXXLuc : pn

° tJ''IV,n n'IV'IV' tJ'l'IV Vl'IV l'1lnl MT: ", n'n 1'IVN tJ'r.l'i1 10tm 'n', tJ''IV,n n'IV'IV' tJ"l'IV Vl'IV m,n' n'l ,V l'1lnl"r.l LXX: 1'IVN tJ'r.l'i1 pn', tJ''IV,n n'IV'IV' tJ'l'IV Vl'IV m,n' n'l ,V l'1lnl"o "" LXX bc 2e2: 'i1" n'IV'IV tJ''IV'", tJ'l'IV Vl'IV m,n' n'l ,V l'1lnl "" 1'IVN tJ'r.l'n 10tm LXXo: tJ''IV'", tJ'l'IV Vl'IV m,n' n'l ,V l'1lnl"o "" 1'IVN "" 'r.l' 10tm 'i1" n'IV'IV Jos. vii, 10-11: -

"0

32,11

LXXb : + 1l LXX: n'IVl' ° n'IVl 'IV'N °

1l

LXXe2: 'Vl'IV'N

32,12

LXXLuc : mnr.lr.l ° tJ'lnr.lr.l ° mn»ll MT: m'Vll LXX: mVll LXXLuc : nVll Herbert, 100 line 13: mVl[l ] with small eirc1es over bet and ayin should be eorreeted to mn[Vll] without any supralinear marks. The horizontalleft wedge at the base ofthe tav jutting into the next letter, a stunted nun, is c1ear. Cf. the bottom of the tav in line 3 of the topmost fragment on the same plate (Herbert,250). LXX seems to have had as Vorlage the 4QSama fragment, from whieh he misinterpreted the taw wedge as end of an ayin are and mistook the serawny nun for waw to produee yoßocu 'Vll. For LXXLuc : ßouvou = nVll see to IX,28 and 29. °l'1lnr.l 'N~' "" "lV' MT: 'N~' ", "lV' LXXLuc : "" "lV' l'1lnr.l N~' ° tJ''lVlO'' LXXLuc : "n' ''lVlO''

32,13

°11Vll n'1l 1 LXX: l1»lll 1'IVN n'1ln Jos. vii, 11: l'Vlll n'1l °"n' LXXLuc :_

32,13-14

° nTr.l 1:1'1ln ,V n'N' i1Tr.l l'Vll n'1l ,V MT: ,V n'N' nTr.l n'1ln ,V nTr.l n:J1ln LXX: nTr.l n'1ln ,V n'N' nTr.l l'Vll 1'IVN n'1ln ,V LXXboC2: n:J1ln ,V nTr.l n,N' nTr.l LXXe2: n:J1ln ,V nTr.l .n'N' n:J1ln ,V nTr.l

32,14

°

Nl

° tJ'1Vln 32,15-16

120

LXX boC2 : n'IVl'Or.lr.l

LXXLuc : l'Vll n'1ln

LXXe2: LXXoc2e2: + U'lO'

MT: 1r.l'll' 1'IVV tJ'l'IV LXX: l'r.l'll "lV °l'r.l'll 'll, 1'IVV tJ'l'IV tJ'1lV 1'IVV tJ'l'IV LXXLuc : l'r.l'll 'll 1r.l 1'IVV tJ'l'IV LXX read tJ"lV "servants" for 4QSama : 0'1lV "erossing over" and thus produced "servants of

CHAPTER TWO

Benjamin". Noteworthy is the LXX Luc chiasmus: 1'0 'l:J 'l:J 10. 32,16

. n\V:J \V'N MT: n\V:J \V'N'" LXX: n\v:J'" LXX boC2: n\v:J'!:Ioo '\vN LXXe 2: "V:J\V'N '\vN LXXLuc : KaI TTapl)A8ov OCUOEKa TCUV UICUV ßEVlal-1EIV TOU I-1EI-1TI MT: "O':>il 'll n'IVN LXX, LXX Luc , LXXc : il"O':>il LXX LucC : ,n,o':>il MT: ''IV''lVm MTc , LXXc : ''IV''lVil Jos. vii,21: ''IV''IV'' · ''IV'''lVm c MT : tJ"'lVlN' Jos. vii,21: tJ"'lVlN · tJ1''lVl~ · n"n"pil

·V'",

33,9

. Ja

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : nl LXXc : il:>m

• il:>VO

LXXc : 'ON1n Jos. vii,21: 'o,n · "'lVl LXX, LXX Luc : "'lVl LXXc : "'IV'l Jos. vii,21: tJ"'lVlil c c LucC MT , LXX , LXX : 'V'l'il Jos. vii,21: 'V'l,m • 'V'l,m • il'l'N LXX: "l'N LXX Luc , LXXe2c : il'l'N LXXc , LXX bC : Jos. vii,21: il'l"N il'l"N LXX: n'l!) J os. vii,21: n'ln · n'ln c c MT , LXX , LXX LucC : ''IV'Y.lnil Jos. vii,21: ''IV'Y.lnm · ''IV'Y.lnm • 'o,n

33,10

LXX: 'oon

LXXC2: 'Y.lln

LXX, LXXc : il''''l'IV

. il''''!)'IV

Jos. vii,21: il''''!)'IV LXXc : """l'IV" LXXLucC : tJ"'lN"

· '''''lN' MT: """lN 1l vii,21: ""'lN" · ''IV'lVm

MTc , LXX, LXXc : ''IV'lVil

• il"lV"

LXX: "l'V"

Jos.

Jos. vii,21: ''IV'lVm

LXXe2: ilNlV"

LXXc : il"V"

LXXb'c: tJ"lV"

Jos. vii,21: il"lV" MTc , LXXc : 1n'IVN

· " " n'IVN

33,10-11

MT: "" "" il"N LXXLuc : ""., ,., "." il"N MTc : ,., il'IV'IV LXXb'c: ,., "." il'IV'IV · " " , '''l il"N

,., ",,1)

33,12 33,12-13 33,13

·1'l'

• "'N'IV n'll pTnno il'i1 'llN'

. 'lVl"'!) · il'N "'l'~

33,13-14

126

MT, LXX: + n'l

MT, LXXLuc : + ilO'IV'

LXX: ""., "" il'N il'IV'IV LXXc , LXXbe2C:

' '1)

Jos. vii,22: + n'l LXXo :Jos. vii,23: + ilO'IV'

LXX: ." (IOA) LXXLuc : 'llN ilN'IV" Nl'~ .,V' at Judges 4:18 is transcribed IOTjA.

Jos. vii,23:

· "'N'IV Tl n'IVl'!)O MT: - LXX, LXXLuc : "'N'IV Tl n'IVl'!)OO Jos. vii,23: n'IVl' For the restoration n'IVl'110 instead of n\vl'llOO see n'IVl'110 at

CHAPTER TWO

34,27, mV:1'!lo, at 34,29 and mV:1'!lO at 35, 7 and see the discussion at 34,36. 33,14

· '):1N'

MT, LXX Luc : + 'NO

LXX: '):1N' 'NO

Jos. vii,23:

CXßEVVTjP05 ... TTEPICXAYTjOCX5 KCXI 6uj.1c.u6EI5.

· ,:1, 33,15

LXXLuc : inil ':1'il

MT: ',:1,

MT: r1~:1 ~'N LXX, LXX Luc : r1~:1'!l00 Jos. vii,23: r1~:1' MT: LXX: "'N '):1N Jos. vii,23: -

· r1~:1'!l0 · '):1N " · ~N'il ·")N

LXXLuc : ~N' MT: + m'il" '~N

· ,tm il~"N C"il LXX: C"il ,tm il~"N LXXLuc :" il~"N C"il " ,tm il~"N' il'N (LXXb: " il'N instead ofil'N ,,) 33,16

·'N

·"nN

LXX, LXXLuc : ,)n LXX, LXXLuc : c'nN

33,17

LXX, LXX Luc : r1':1 r1N 'r10'~il

. 'i'!lm LXX, LXXLuc : 'i':1r1, LXX, LXXLuc : KCX I ETTlSTjTE 15 (LXX b': TTEPISTjTEI5) read 'i'!lr1 as 'i':1r1 and 1'" as 1'~ (TN~) - see Ez. 34:12: ')N~ r1N 'i':1N EKSTjTTjOCX TCX TTPOßCXTCX j.10U. The reference is to Saul's search for the asses ofhis father (1 Sam. 9:4-14) and, in connection with that search, his seeking of advice from Samuel- see verse 9: C'i1'N ~"" m":1, read C"N ~"" m":1 "when he goes to find rams". All these animals -lN~, r1Ur1N and C"N - are subsumed in the word 'i':1 "herd", which is verbalized into 'i':1m. LXXLuc added a sexual innuendo with the pronoun ou after the verb; and that ilr1N "you" subject became ilr1N "her" object in the clause ilr1N 'i':1m "and you visit her (for the sin of a woman)". · "" LXX: + ,,, LXXboC2: ,,, ilr1N LXXe2: ,,, C"il ilr1N ·il~Nil

·C"il

LXX, LXX Luc : il~N LXX e2: LXXLuc : C'il'Nil "

· '):1N' c'm'N 33,18

33,20

LXXLuc : ""'0 ,,,,

LXX: c'",m

· 'il",O 'N' · ":1 1r1'~Oil

·,,1

LXXLuc : _

· mil' · "",

·,,2

LXXo: + C'i1'Nil MT, LXX: + " LXX, LXXLuc : + Nmil C,,:1

·1'"

LXX:

· ":1~ 'N:1 · r1~:1'!)0

1"

LXX: MT: -

"l~'Nl

LXX bc2e2:

'''l~'Nl

LXXo : '''l~l

LXX, LXXLuc : r1~l'!)OO

COLUMN

33 (2

SAM.

2:29-3:23)

127

33,21

·lnN lnN''O

33,22

MT: V'N 'D' 'DN' lnnn LXX: 1'D iPn n!)'N D"Nn ·1,,:m MT: lnnn "instead ofhim", i.e. instead ofIshboshet. Jos. vii,24: 1"ln LXX has the original text: EI5 8atAOll DU TJV rropOXPTJIlO, which read: Nl1'D' DN"n. MT read the secondyod as resh, changing 1m, DN' to ,mN', and expanded the initial 'n into ln(nn): ,mN' ln(nn). Nl1'D', which is the David's residing place in 1 ehron. 19:7, became 'l1D "speaker" (a common niclmame for David - see 2 Sam. 14:10 and 15:23), and the MT version was complete:'DN' 'l1(N ')T.l' ,mN' ,n(n11). Since the question is that of Abner's messenger to Abner, 'l1N 'D' "to whom should I speak" became 'D' V"N "to whom should I run", and MT in its final form emerged: 'DN' ,nnn 'DN' V'N 'D'. LXX divided Nl1'O' into two words: Nl 1m, "to whoever came immediately" and thus translated: DU TJV rropoXPTJIlO. ·1n"l

33,23

· mm · 'N'\v' "

LXXLuc : n"l LXXe2: mn LXX: + 'N'\v' n'l "

33,23-24

· n"N 'lN lm

33,24

·1nN

33,25

·DN

33,26

33,27

·"'0

Jos. vii,24: Dvn

LXX: n"N l'" 'lN 1"1

LXXLuc : n"N 'lN lm 1"1

LXX, LXXLuc : 1"N MT: + 'l!)'

Jos. vii,25: + 'l!)' (rrpc..HDv)

LXX, LXX Luc :

"'D

Jos. vii,25: · "N\v LXXLuc : + 1nN Jos. vii,25: N'll · 1Nll LXX: N'll MT: n\Vl \V'N 'N D"N'D · n\Vl'!)D 'N D"N'D LXX~uc: n\Vl'!)DD 'N D"N'D · "N\v

·"

·"'0

· 'nN\Vl

128

LXX, LXXLuc : HlnN''O

LXX: + D"N'D MT:LXX, LXXLuc :

"'D

MT: " 'n\v'N

LXX: n\Vl'!)DD 'N

LXXc2 : +',

33,28

· n\Vl'!)D · n\V'N

33,29

LXXLuc : "",!) Jos. vii,26: • \v" LXX: \v,,\v LXX b: D'''\V LXXoc2e2: D"\V LXX, LXXe2: nnN n\V'N · n\V'N nnN · n'l MT, LXXLuc : n'l' 1"n LXX boc2e2: D'n1l ·D',nl LXX: ,"'l LXX b': n"l . 'N''''!)

CHAPTER TWO

MT: n\Vl \V'N MT: DVD \V'N

LXX, LXXLuc : n\vl'!)DD LXX: + DVD

"",!)V

Jos. vii,26: -

33,30

LXX b : "'N 'llN

. 'llN "'N

LXX: l\!.)" l'\!.) " Luc LXX : 'N n'i1 'llN 'l" l\!.)" l'\!.)' " LXXP: 'N

MT: tJY jl'n 'llN 'l" l\!.)" l'\!.) "

· 'N "

'N 'llN 'ON"

LXXpa:

'N'

MT: + tJl LXXLuc : 'ON" Correct Herbert, 209 eleventh line [rom bottom, second column: "33A" to 33B. · ,mN'

33,31

· tJl1"n tJ'\!.)i'lO

33,32

.'N

MT: y'\!.)m MT, LXX Luc : + 'OY

·l1N

· tJ"l1\!.)'!l

·'l'"

· 'llN

LXX Luc : tJ'l1\!.)'!ln MT: + tJl LXX boc2e2: + tJl LXXLuc : + 'll

· 'lTNl

33,34

LXX: tJl1\!.)i'l

LXX, LXX Luc : 'Y · '1)Y "" LXX, LXXLuc : ", "lY · Y'\!.)'N

33,33

MT, LXXoe2: tJ'\!.)i'lO tJl1"n

·l"ln "" 'N 'llN MT: 10'll l1'l " 'l'Yl' 'N'\!.)' 'l'Yl lm '\!.)N "

LXX: N'l" PO'll l1'l "

l1N l"lnl ,,, 'lTNl 'l" 'llN tJl l"ln " , 'N 'llN Nl"

'l'Yl' 'N'\!.)' 'l'Yl ln, '\!.)N " l1N l"ln " " 'lTNl 'l" 'llN l"ln "" 'N

LXXOC2:

l"ln "" 'N N'l" l'O'll 'll 'l'Yl lm '\!.)N " l1N l"lnl "" 'lTNl ' l ' ,

LXX b:

'N N'l" 10'll 'll 'l'Yl' 'N'\!.)' 'll 'l))l l'" '\!.)N "

l1N l"lnl " " 'lTNl 'l" l"ln " "

LXXe2:

"" 'N l"ln N'l" PO'll 'll 'l'Yl l'" '\!.)N " l1N l"lnl "" 'lTNl ' l ' ,

LXXa2:

l"lnl " " 'lTNl 'l" 'llN tJl

LXXg: l'1ln " " 'N 1llN

111'" ,,,

Jos. vii,29: 'N'\!.)' ,,, tJ',\!.)n "l' l1N " "ln" l1"l mN 'N 'llN tJl Maybe there was a text break after tJn'l'N in line 33, and restore lines 34 and 34above line as Plate XXXVII, number 1. 33,36

33,37

,,,

· n01i'N

·

LXX, LXX Luc : + Nl LXXLuc : + oyn

MT: ,11N '11"" · mN nl1"N' vii,30: 111N m,,',

·"l

LXX Luc : 111N nl1"N'

Jos.

LXX: " 'Y

COLUMN

33 (2 SAM. 2:29-3:23)

129

33,38 33,39

.""

LXX: "",

. m~~ilO MT: '''lilO LXXI LXXLuc : eK TTJ5 e~oÖlo5 = ilN~ilO eonfused Nl~ilO "from the army" with "0 "from the Hand" - i.e from the army latrine, where the soldiers deposited their ilN~, see Deut. 23:14. The sense is: "And look! David's servants and Joab eame at onee (,'o)!" · 'N'lil tJO» MT: + lN'" tn'lVl,," m,lV " 111lnl " , 0» Ul'N 1llN' 'Nl U1N 1lVN Nl~il " , LXX: " l'1lnl "" 0» Ul'N 1llN' 00» 'N'lil 'Nl 'Nl~ " , lN'" O"lVl,," m,lV LXX Luc : 0» Ul'N 1llN' 00» 'N'lil '»OlV U1N 1lVN

Nl~il ",

lN'" O"lVl,," ,n,lV " l'1lnl "" (LXX b': Oil"»

for 00»; LXXe2: 'Nl~ for U1N 1lVN Nl~il) Jos. vii,31: The missing text is the result of haplography from 'N'lil 00» in verse 22 to 'Nl U1N in verse 23 - see Plate XXXVII, number 2.

·,m

MT, LXX Luc : "'l"

Column 34 (2 Sam. 3 :23 - 4:9) Herbert, 252, Plate XVII

34,1

·""

· 'iln,lV"

·""

· 10N" 'ilO

34,2

·m · J.ll~ • ilT ilO'

· O"lVl · N"il · n»,'

34,3

· 1llN · ,nU10'il

MT: ,'Oil LXXb': "'N n,lV" LXXe2: "n J os. vii,31: "" Jos. vii,32: + "Oil 'N LXX Luc : + " LXX, LXXLuc : + ilT MT, LXX, LXXLuc : illil LXXLuc : + 1l II

·

",

· illV'V

34,5

130

· N~"

·""

CHAPTER TWO

ilT ilO"

LXX, LXXLuc : + n»1 MT, LXX, LXX Luc : + 1l II MT, LXX, LXX Luc : ,nno,

· ,N'lO nN' 'N~m

34,4

LXX Luc :

LXX: ilO" MT: ,"il MT:-

LXX Luc : 'N~m nN' ,N'lO

LXX Luc : _ MT: illV» LXX: l'lV" MT: ",

Jos. vii,33: llV" (TperreTol)

34,6

34,7

. n"tln ":1n

LXX: o"tln ":1n

· :1'lV" · m":1n

LXX bc2: ':1'lV" MT: l":1n

.1m 'N

LXX, LXXLuc : '1~m

LXXLuc : n"tI ":1n

Jos. vii,34: n'tI:1n

Jos. vii,35: '1~ 1m 'N

LXX, LXXLuc : "'N LXX: :1"N Jos. vii,35: O':1"N ((JOV05 aUT05 wv auv

·ll1N · "lV:1

aßlaalw TW aOEA MT, LXX, LXX b: "lN "lN is EI(JI EYW; 'lN is EYW. · ~l~ · 'l1"nm The second mem, jutting into the fragment edge, looks like kaf

34,8

· 'NlVV · 'il,"N

34,9

· O,'V 1V

MT, LXX:

· 01'

· ,m'

LXX: o,'v 1V'

,V

· lVN' · l1':1 ,,,

MT:

,V'

LXXLuc : 01

m1n

"n'

LXXLuc : O"Vil 1V' ill1vn

LXX Luc : -

LXXLuc : lVN':1

MT: l1':1 " 'N'

LXX b': l1':1:1,

Jos. vii,39: m':1 " l1N'

34,10

· :1N"l

34,11

. UV" MT: 1:I'il For LXX, LXXLuc : olETTapSTTlPOUVTO = UV" see Is. 14: 19: :l,n 'l))UT.) O'l,n TE6vTlKOTWV EKKEKEVTTl(JEVWV (JaXaI pal5 "the dying pierced with a sword", and the continuation: ,,:1 'l:1N 'N '1''', which LXX abbreviated to KaTaßalVOVTWV EI5 aoou "going down to "NlV". The scribe of 4QSam a combined the two versions in his mind, shortened ,,:1 'l:1N to 'l:1N, put 'l:1N and "NlV together and applied Saul' s death as a result of stabbing (he "fell on" the sword - 1 Sam. 31 :4) to Abner. Also mm fits in line 11 and is partially supported by Psalms 37: 12: P'1~' VlV' ont ITTapETTlPWETal 0 a(JapToAo5 TOV olKalov, but the letter before waw is not mem; and the prefix ola in olETTapETTlPOUVTO suggests a completed act, not just intention.

34,13

· mN 'lVN tJVil

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : ":1N

LXX b':

mv

COLUMN

34 (2

SAM.

3:23-4:9)

131

34,14

MT, LXX, LXX Luc : "il LXX Luc : 'l!)' Jos. vii,41: ',nN

·"m · ',nN

34,15

· "Oil

34,16

LXX: "lP 'V LXXLuc : 'llN 'lP ,V Jos. vii,42: 'lPil ,V · ':>l" LXX, LXXLuc : ,l" · DVil LXX: + 'llN Jos. vii,42: DVil · "" MT, LXX, LXX Luc : LXX44 has "" N'P" instead of MT, LXX, LXXLuc : 'ON" 'llN 'V/'N ,'Oil pp" .~ MT:

MT:+nN

· 'llN 'lP 'N

,V

'N

34,17

· n~ MT: The 3 ~ mm gap between double the normal interword gap.

34,17-18

MT: ''lVlil N' D'n'IVnl' "'l" LXX: e bc 'IV'lil N' D'PTl N' "'l' LXX 2 2: 'IV'lil D'PTl "'l' N" LXXo: "'l" 'IV'lil D'PTl (oi de instead ofLXXbc 2e2: oude) LXX, LXXLuc : TIEOm5 is probably D'pT. The only places where TIEOm translates D'n'IVnl is in connection with the captive march of Menasseh and Zedekiah to Babylon (2 Kings 25:7, 2 Chron. 33:11 and Jer. 52:11). At Judges 16:21 and 2 Chron. 36:6 (in connection with Joachim's captive march) mom is modified with "bronze" to specify D'n'IVnl. For mom = D'PT see Psalms 149:8.

34,18

· 'll'

·"

LXX, LXXLuc: ~t)N" MT, LXX, LXXbe2: + DVil

·"'V

· Nl · 'lVO'IVil

·"'N

LXXe2: -

MT: D'il'N

MT: 'l!)' MT: N'l

LXX, LXXLuc : N'

Jos. vii,42: 'V

LXX, LXXLuc : + N' MT:"

· "':>il DVil ",

132

LXXO C2: " DVil

LXX, LXXboC2: DP "Vl

· D'il"Nil · '!)'

34,21-22

is more than

LXX, LXXLuc : mN LXX boc2e2: " DVil

· DPil "Vl

34,21

11~

MT: "!)l:> LXXLuc : Tl

· DVil "

34,20

and

· 'IV lil N' D'n'IVnll,"l" D'i'Tl

· 'll · ,!)t)"

34,19

'J:J~

'N

LXX:

"0 'N

LXX: DVil "

V'"

LXXLuc : ", LXXLuc : "'il DVil ",

• ~Vil ", 'l!)' ,'Oil il'IVV ''lVN " " Dil'l'Vl l"'" MT: ,,, Dil'l'Vl l"'" l,,, DVil " 'l'Vl "r.li1 il'IVV ''lVN LXX: ,'Oil il'IVV ''lVN " Dil'l!)' l"'"

CHAPTER TWO

(LXX Luc same except tJVil 7' 'l!l7 at end)

tJVil 'l!l7

W'"

V",

MT: tJvii 7' LXX: tJVil 7' MT: For the lamed's long shaft, which extends almost to the top ofthe final mem in the line above it, cf. IX,29 and the note there.

34,23

• il'i1

34,24

· ~n7il

34,25

. tJVil 7"

'V'"

34,22

·7'"

·7"~'

7"

MT: m"il LXX, LXXLuc : N7 LXX: 7"~

. ,7tl n1U>r.l1 " , tJ"il "lN ",

MT: '7tl n1U>r.l1 " tJ"il "lN'

LXX:

LXXLuc : 7!ll '7tlil '!l LXX, LXX Luc ) = ",

7V 'i'!ll1 " , tJ"il ", (LXX b : 'i'!ll) For OUYYEVTl5 (so see Lev. 18:14 and 20:20. See also 1 Sam. 10:14-16 where MT ", is 01KE105, that is ", (see the discussion to IX,33-34). ,'tumed to ", in that the scribe interpreted the bottom ofthe shaft ofthe kofas a sublinearly added waw. For Ka8EOTaIJEV05 (so LXX for tJ'i'N, LXXLuc for 'i'!ll above) = "i'!l see 2 Chron. 31: 13 and Jer. 20: 1. This is the only case in Samuel of UTTO with the genitive to denote agent in a passive c1ause (cf. Ex. 5: 14: ilV'!l 'U>~l tJil7V mU> 'U>N/ol KaTaoTa8EvTE5 ETT aUTOU5 UTTO TWV ETTlOTaTWV apaw), in which "i'!l became 'i'!ll to supply the required verb. For 'i'!l in the ni/al in the sense "be appointed" see Neh. 7:1 and 12:44 (in the second case also used with Ka810Taval). For LXX/LXXLuc : Ka8EOTaIJEV05 = tJ'i'N see Deut. 25:6: ntlil "nN tJU> 7V tJ,i" '7tl nnn tJ'i'N' " , tJ"il "lN ",

KaTaOTa8TlOETal ETTI TOU OVOIJaT05 TOU TETEAEUTTlKOT05.

34,26

· il"'~ · ilV'il

MT, LXX, LXXLuc : + 'ltltl tJ'u>i' LXX: ilV'

Jos. vii,45: 'ltltl tJ'i'tn

34,27

. nU>l'!ltl MT: LXX, LXXLuc : l1U>l'!ltltl Jos. vii,46: l1U>l' MT omitted the name as pointer to verse 4 (line 32) where 1m'il'7' appears instead ofthe required l1U>l U>'N7,. Jonathan is l1U>l U>'N because Saul named hirn that - seel Sam. 20:30: ,11U>l7 'u>' ll7 ill1N ,nl ".

34,28

LXX, LXX Luc : + 'U>lN · '7illl LXX: '7m (TTapEI8Tloav) To TTapElval in the sense "possess land" (thus 7m) see the discussion to II,22. The scribe confused il7m "land inheritance" with il7m "be weak" - cf. Dan. 8:27 and especially Jer. 12:13; where LXX translated '7m "they were weak" as tJ117m (01 KATlPOI aUTwv).

34,29

MT: "il LXX, LXXLuc : l1U>l'!l tl tl 7 abbreviates (tl1l)'il'('); cf. to line 27.

34,30

.

2'"

• nU>l'!ltl7

· illVl

LXXoc2e2:

· 'lU>il tJU>,

LXXLuc : tJU> LXX:-

· tJ~

il'll

LXX b: illl

MT: "il

Jos. vii,46: illl

'lU>"

COLUMN 34 (2 SAM.

3:23-4:9)

133

34,31

· O'11l

LXXC2: 1m:1 MT: 10'):1 LXX, LXXLuc : 1'0'):1 '):1, MT, LXX b: 0'111N:1il LXX, LXXo c2e2: MT: ilo'm LXX: 'm

34,32

• 0"l1

LXX, LXXLuc : 0"l1il

34,33

• 'i1"

·m1N:1

,y

'1'0'):1' · 0"]11:1il

MT:

· "N\!J

34,34

1:1

LXX, LXXLuc : U:1

MT: -

LXX, LXXLuc : 'N1\!J'O

. 'Y1T'0

LXX:

m:1" non:1

LXXLuc : '0)

• '0"

LXXboC2 : m:1"

pnN

mon:1

LXXe2:

Jos. vii,I13: '0"

LXX: ]1\!J:1'000 LXXLuc : ,Y:1'OOO LXX: OY:1, il:J1 LXX b: pnN m:1' :1:J1 LXXc2e2: pnN il'):1' :1:J1

Jos. vii, 113: ]1\!J:1'000

• ]1\!J:1'00 • mY:1'

34,36

LXX, LXXLuc : N,m

il'i1

• tm, mon:1 n':1" ilUU:1

34,35

0'm1N:1il

MT: on:J • ]1':1' MT: ]1':1 'N • ]1\!J:1'00 MT: ]1\!J:1 \!J'N MT: · O"il~il ]1N :1:J\!J

LXXo:

:1:J1

'Y):1, :1:J1

·on:1

LXX, LXX Luc : ]1\!J:1'000

mY:1' :1:J1' \!Jonil 'N 'il:J" o'un 'np, ]1':1il 1']1 'Y 'N:1 mm 0'1i1~il :1:J\!J0 ]1N :1:J\!J ,:1:J\!J0 1,n:1 muo 'N :1:J\!J N,m ]1':1il 'N:1" ,u,m pnN

LXX: O'nNil ilO:1' il:J1' :1:J\!Jm oum o'un il1ilU ]1'lil ]11Y'\!J mm 0'1il~il :1:J\!J0:1 :1:J\!J ,:1:J\!J0 1,n:1 muo 'Y :1:J\!J ]1\!J:1'000, ]1':1il 'N:1" '1:1Y

LXXLuc : m:1/il'J:1' :1'1' :1''IV]1' OU]1' o'un il1ilU ]1':1il ]11Y'\!J mm 0'1il~il :1''lV0:1 :1,'IV 0'1il~il ]1N ,:1:J\!J0 1,n:1 ,:1:J\!J0 'Y :1:J\!J ]1\!J:1'OOm ]1':1il 'N:1" '1:1Y ,'nN

LXXcx : 1,n:1 muo 'Y :1:J\!J ]1\!J:1'OOm ]1':1il ]1':1il 'N:1" '1:1Y O'nNil mY:1' :1:J1' :1:J\!J" 0) (LXX c deleted ]1':1il) ,:1:J\!J0 Jos. vii,48: ,:1:J\!J0 1,n:1 'N:1" Onilm il]1":1YO m\!J' ]11Y'\!Jil mm 0'1il~il ]1N :1:J\!J A two-line haplography occurred from mm in 4:6 to 1i1:J', in verse 7 - see

Plate XXXVII, number 3. mm

O"il~il

O'nNil mYl' :1:J1' l:J\!J]1' oum o'un il1ilU ]1'lil ]1'Y'\!J 1i1:J', 'l:J\!JO "nl muo

Line o'un

36+ 1:

LXXcx : l:J\!J"

pnN ml/il')l' l:J"

CHAPTER TWO

l:J\!J ]1\!Jl'om ]1'lil 'Nl" m,m

MT:

l:J\!Jm oum o'un il'ilU ]1'lil ]11Y'\!J

Line 36+ 1: mYl' l:J"

134

'Y

ou',

line 36 end line 36+ 1 line 36+2

'np, ]1'lil 1m 'Y 'Nl

Jos. vii,48: onilm il]1'lYO m\!J' ]1,y'\!Jil

MT: + pnN LXXcx : O'nNil

LXX:

O'nNil ilOl' il:J"

mYl' l:J1'

LXX44 , Eth.:

LXXLuc : mYl' ll1'

Line 36+2 : m,m Line 36+2 : n\V:l'~m Line 36+2 : 1n\n:l Line 36+2 : 1:1'\vll

LXX, LXXLuc , LXXcx : ,':1V MT: Nm1 LXX, LXXLuc , LXXcx : n\V:1'~llm LXXLuc : 1:1'\vll LXX Luc : + O"il:::lil nN

MT conflated the murder into two murders, with the first agent being '"P' o'"n - cf. O'N"n np" John the Baptist's designation of Jesus (John 1:29: illil O,'Vil 'N"n np, O'i1,Nil nt)~). Since the O'N"n np, in John is a paschallamb, nt)~, o'"n np, in Samuel has as reference point nt)~ - i.e. Mephiboshet the "crippled" (nt)~ - see verse 4). Rekav and Baana arrived at Ishboshet's house just as Mephiboshet struck his father Ishboshet a nonfatal blow to the \Vlln. They escaped to the garden and returned to the house to killand decapitate Ishboshet, who died instead ofMephiboshet - cf. 32,29. LXX!LXXLuc healed the breech between verses 4 and 5 by identifying the owner of the house in 5 with Mephiboshet son of Jonathan, introduced in verse 4. The "wheat takers" ofverse 5 became the nurse-maid ofverse 4 because oun "she dozed" in 5 equals t)un "she fled" in 4. According to Josephus she was exhausted from the heat and her work - t)u, ilT~n:1 "in her bustle to flee", which became ou, il":1n:1 ("in her treading to doze") at verse 5. For "clean wheat" = o'"n ":1n see Judges 6: 11: o'"n ":1n U:1 11V1:11. The nurse-maid of verse 4 became the "doorkeeperess" of verse 5, i.e. Tl 8Upc.uP05, who is also TTl5 8UyexTpo5 "the daughter's (mother)", who orchestrated the murder of John the Baptist at Herod's birthday party (Mark 6: 14-29). Thus taker of sins Itakers ofwheat became daughter I doorkeeper + daughter, who instigated the murder and brought the head to the king. Herod was her uncle, 111; and he received the head with mixed emotions just as his predecessor king "David" 1". John 2:29:o'Wil 'N"n np, corrects verse 5:n':1il11n 1V 1N:1 to 1V 1N:1 O"Nil "came to the foyer (of the house)" and suggests the alternate restorations of line 36: 'N"n ,"p, nt)~il n':1il11n 1V 1N:1 illi11 01'il on:1 1N:1'1 O"Vil or 1il"1 O'N"n np, T1t)~il O"Vil 1V N:1 illi11 01'il on:1 1N:1'1. 34,37

· mnll'1 ·1\vN'

34,38

34,39

nN

· r1\v:l'!1lJ ·1'11' . 11':1n

LXX, LXXLuc : 1n'll'1 LXXLuc : _ MT: r1\V:l MT: 111 'N

\V'N

LXXb': 11':1n:1

Jos. vii,48: 1ilnll'1

LXX, LXXLuc : r1\v:l'Olln Jos. vii,49: 1'" Jos. vii,49: 11':1n

. n\V:1'~ll MT: n\V:1 \V'N LXX, LXXLuc : n\V:1'~llll Jos. vii,49: n\v:1' · 1:1'N MT: + 1V'TY.l1 ',N\vll 01'il nmpl 1,llil 'l1N, i11il' 1n', 1\V~l nN \VP:1 '\vN LXX: + 1V'TY.l1 1:1'N "N\v III ilTi1 01':J 1'l'N nllpl 1,llil 'l1N, i11il' 1n', 1\V!)l nN \VP:1 '\vN LXXLuc : + 1V'TY.l1 1:1'N "N\vll ilTil 01" illlPl 1,llil U'l1N, i11il' 1n', 1\V~l nN \VP:1 '\vN (LXXo*: 0:J'l1N,; LXXo: illlplil) LXXd : + 1\V~l nN

\VP:1 '\vN

LXXcX : + U'l1N, ilm' 1n', 1\V~l nN \VPl '\vN

COLUMN

34 (2

SAM.

3:23--4:9)

135

OV'Tm Pl'N nnpl1 1mn JOS. vii,49: 1V" 1l'N a The missing text in 4QSam is the result of haplography from 1l'N ,'N\!) 1l to 1l'N "N\!) 1n - see Plate XXXVII, number 4. 1n', 1\!)!ll nN \!)Pl '\!)N 1'lN "N\!) II line 39 end 1l'N "N\!) 1n ilTn OPl Pl'N nnpl 1,nn 'l'N, mn' line 39+ 1 Line 39+ 1: 1,nn 'l'N, LXXLuc : 1,nn 'l'l'N, (LXXo*: 1,nn O"l'N,) Line 39+ 1: nnpl MT: nmpl Line 39+ 1: Pl'N MT, LXXLuc : Line 39+ 1: OP' MT: opn Line 39+ 1: 1l'N ,'N\!) 1n MT: ,'N\!)n The text between 1l'N "N\!) 1l and the other pole in the haplography, "N\!) 1n 1l'N, is a conflation of,v,m on the basis of1l'N "N\!) 1n, which is confused with 1'lN "N\!) l'n "the race of Saul your father". The text lacking in 4QSam a is the brothers' speech, which neither Josephus nor Mark 6, recounting the return ofthe disciples to Jesus after the beheading of John the Baptist, contains. Mark 6:29-30 fits nicely into lines 37-39 ofthe scroll, suggesting that the authors ofthe New Testament parterned their text after that of 4QSama - see Plate XXXVII, number 5: nN '!l'\!)" n",n nl 'N ,nN'l" '\!)N' nN "'0" ,nnn', '\!)N " nN " V'\!), 'N n",n " "", mm illVl nN' l" nN "" 1V" 'O""n 1m'Nl ,\!)V "And they killed hirn and cut off his head. And they brought it to the daughter of Herodias. And they burned his body and they walked all night to Jesus in Galilee and they told hirn everything they did and taught in Herod's palace. And David answered Rekav and Baana ... "

"'l" ",l

. illVl nN' l" nN illl/n'll

LXX: OVl nN' n" nN

",m

LXX Luc : nN' l" nN

Column 35 (2 Sam. 4:9-6:2) Herbert, 253, Plate XVIII 2 Sam. 5: 1-1 0 is paralleled at 1 Chron. 11: 1-9. The continuation, verses 11-25, is at 1 Chron. 14:1-16; and the names ofDavid's sons born to hirn in Jerusalem (Samuel verses 14-16) appears twice in 1 Chronicles - at 14:4-7 and 3:5-8. 2 Sam. 6:2, beginning at the end ofthe last line ofthe column, is paralleled at 1 Chron. 13:6. For the system used in listing the variants see page 3 ofthe previous article. For lines 2628 the following symbols are new: C designates variations on the name's ofDavid's sons taken from the second LXX list, which immediately follows the first at 2 Sam. 4:16; and H,I and J introduce variants from MT, LXX and LXXLuc respectively at 1 Chronicles 3:5-8 (see above). The number introducing the bortom line is that ofthe paragraph in Josephus, Antiquities, Book 7. The translation is sometimes literal, sometimes paraphrastic aimed to target which of the variants Josephus used. This column is far more even at the left than the previous, and it has an unusually large number oflines that begin at verse beginnings: line 4 (4:11), line 6 (4:12), line 20 (5 :9), line 30 (5:18), line 34 (5:21) and line 39 (6:1), apart from the two text breaks indicated by line gaps: at line 9 (5:1) and line 22 (5:11). 136

CHAPTER TWO

m~ i11!) ''lVN il1i1' '" tJil' 'ON" 'n'Nlil 1m, ')l "nN m"Nlil m"Nlil

35,1 (4:9) B Do c2 e2

tJil' 'ON"

50 35,2 4:9-10 B Dboc2e2 D b' 50

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''lVlO:J il'i1 N'il N,m N,m N,m 1m'il"

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51

''IV!))

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tJm'il tJnN is supported by Ethiopian and Coptic, while Armenian and OL have tJm'il. For lamed introducing the object in P'1~' tJm'il cf. 4:30: ')lN' U'il "nN ''IV'lN' lN"'.

35,5 B(4:11) D 52 35,6 B (4:12) D

De2* 52

35,7 4:12 B D 52 35,8 4:12

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COLUMN

35 (2 SAM. 4:9-6:2)

137

35,9 5:1 B D 11: 1 F G 53

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De2

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11 :2 F G 53

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n"l "" ,'Oil Cil' n,,', ill"ln ,'Oil 'N 'N'\!}' 'lj7T ,,, ,'Oil 'N ill"ln

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Db 11 :3 Ge2 35,14 B (5:3 ... 6) D 11 :3-4

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After 'N'\!}' comes the following:

138

CHAPTER TWO

""

'N'\!}'

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'V "0' " " nN 1n\!}0', i11il' 'l!l' n'lnl "0 " , nN m'\!}',

l"lnl "0 ill\V O'Vl'N "'Ol " , ill\V O'\V,\V 1l " 'V'Vill\V"0\V,\V, O'\V,\V "0 O'\v"'l' o'\V,n n\V\V, O'l\V Vl\V m,n', 'N'\v' n\V\V, O'l\V Vl\V "0 ill\V O'Vl'N' "'Ol " " ill\V O'\V,\V II 'N'\v' " 'V "0 ill\V \V,\V O'\V,\V, m,n' 'V l"lnl "0 o'\V,n O'\V"'l m1n"

2 Sam. 5:4-5 +

m1iP

LXX (Sam.) +

'V

m,n' l"lnl "01 "0 ill\V O'Vl'N' "'Ol "" ill\V O'\V,\V o'\V,m ill\V 0'n\V' O'\V,\V "0 O'\V"'l' n\V\V o'\V,m Vl\V O'l\V m,n', 'N'\v' " n\V\V m,n' l"lnl "01 "0 ill\V O'Vl'N' "'Ol "" ill\V O'\V,\V LXXO (Sam.) + m,n', 'N'\v' " n\V\V o'\V,m Vl\V O'l\V 1 ehron. 11:3 + 'Nm\V "l ;"n' 'l" Jos. vii,65 + n\V\V o'\V,m Vl\V O'l\V "0 l"lnl

LXXbc 2e2 (Sam.) +

'V

'V

'V

OL = 4QSam a restored. The chronological addition lacks in 4QSama/OLl1 ehron. due to a two-line haplography in the LXX version ofverses 4-5: the scribe skipped from 0'\V,\V II 'N'\v' 'V, which originally ended line 14, to O'\V"'l 'N'\v' 'V, which ended both line 14+2 and the original LXX text, before it was conflated with " and m,n', (at 1 Kings 2: 11 = Jos. vii,389 the word doesn't appear) - see Plate XXXVII, number 6: o '\v,\v II 'N'\v' line 14 end original o'\V,n n\V\V, O'l\V Vl\V "0 ill\V O'Vl'N' "'Ol " " ill\V line 14+ 1 O'\v"l 'N'\v' "0 ill\V \V,\V, O'\V,\V, m,n' l"lnl "0 line 14+2 To the confusion between O'\V,\V II and O'\V"'l cf. line 25 (2 Sam. 5:l311 ehron.

'V

'V

'V

14:3), where the scribe of 1 ehron. omitted O'\V),!), before O'\V"'l, and 4QSamc III,8: o,\V"m for 0")'0 (see to 44,15). See also 2 Sam. 16:16: '\Vm Nl '\vN' m' O"\VlN 'N '\Vm 'ON" O"\vlN 'N ,,, nv, "'Nn conflated for '\Vm Nl '\vN' m' O"\VlN 'N 'ON" 0,\V'" ,,, nv, "'Nn. Luke 4: 1-l3 also offers transitional material (the temptation in the desert) between the royal anointing/baptism (David in Hebron, Jesus at the Jordan) and the arrival in Jerusalem. 35,15 B (5:6) D 11 :4-5 F Gbe2 Gb' 60-61 35,16 5:6

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11 :5 F G Verse 6 summarizes the situation described in detail in J ohn 5: 1-9, which begins:

COLUMN 35 (2 SAM.

4:9-6:2)

139

"The siek and the blarne and the larne lay by the pool of Bethesda". A certain man lay there 38 years suffering from an unspecified illness, and Jesus asked hirn ifhe wanted to be healed (verses 5-6). The man replied that he had noone "to cast hirn into the pool when the waters are troubled" and that by the time he got there "someone else went down" (verse 7). The man's double problem is dramatized at Jer. 50:44 (=27:44 LXX; repeated at 49:19= 29:19 LXX, 30:13 edition Rahlfs): 'l!l" 'OV' 'VJN i1T 'Y.ll 'l"VP '01 ... 1"m l'NlO il"V' il"N' illil "Look! As a lion goes up from the swelling ofthe Jordan! ... And who will arouse me? And who will be baptized before me?" The lion is David - see Gen. 49:9 and Rev. 5:5 - and il"N' is short for N"l' il"N: "Look, Lion (of Judah)! Healed emerges the proud one (who won the race to) go down! ... And who will stand me up? And who is this who will stand ahead ofme?" The "swelling ofthe Jordan" refers both to the troubled waters (John 5:7) and to the proud (thus l'Nl) winner ofthe race to gQ down. 'ov is Syriac for "be baptized" here in the sense "be cast into the pool to be healed". LXxabcgxb2: aveoTlloav at Samuel for LXX: aVTeoTlloav (MT: ,,'tlil) corrects 'l"VP ('l"V' at 49: 19) at Jeremiah to 'l'OV' as translated above: "And who will stand me?" Mephiboshet's greeting David healed was an act of defiance, which he tried to conceal by making his servant the driving force (2 Sam. 19:7): "My lord the king, my servant threw me" ('lY.l, '1:1V ,"Oil 'l'N), i.e. into the pool of healing and for this reason he walked proudly, rather than do obeisance. 'l"VP at Jeremiah tumed to ln't)il at Samuel through the transformation: 'l"VP --+ 'l"t)P --+ ln't)il, with yod-waw identical to ha, samek exchanged with its near twin ayin, and dalet merged with nun to form taw. By causing the larne to stand the Jebusites expressed their hatred ofthe conquering David; for if even the lame wouldn't show respect by remaining prostrate before hirn, then certainly not the rest - read O"'Vil "the others" for O"'Vil "the blind". ,n't)il is more properly n't)il: "he incited" to agree with the foregoing "he said to David" - i.e. "And he said to David, 'You won't come here' because he (had) stood/incited the lame saying 'David won't come here"'.

35,17 5:6-7 D 11 :5-6 F G 62-63 35,18 5:8 B

Db Do c2e2 11:6 F G 63

140

CHAPTER TWO

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i11'~0

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65 illl" with final

ha is certain only at LXX: Kai UJKOOOl-lllOEV aUTllV. LXXLuc

deleted or replaced (LXXb) aUTllV. illl" appears in MT only at Psalm 69:39.

35,21 5:9-10 11 :8-9 F G 65

35,22 5: 11 B D

14:1 F Gb'e2

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COLUMN

35 (2 SAM. 4:9-6:2)

141

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CHAPTER TWO

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35,27 5: 14-16 B C

Db Db* Db' DO

DC2 De2 14:4-7 F

ilm,\V, 1nl1 ilY.l'\v' 1m,,\V,

VlJ\v"N' V'!J" )!Jl1 ilm "'!J'N' V'\V"N' 1m,', ON'!J' P!J)' OlJ\vN' ilm' P!J) ,)) "'!J'N n!J) !1:1) "'!J'N OY.l\Vm' n!J) !1:1) "'!J'N OY.l\Vm' n!J) !1:1) "'!J'N OY.l\Vm' - n!J) !1:1) "'!J'N OY.l\Vm' - n!J) !1:1) "'!J'N VY.l\Vm' n!J) :1)) "'!J'N OY.l\Vm'

O1\V"N' O1\VNn 1n:1' V'\V"N 1n:1' V)\V"N 1n:1'

1VY.l') 1m 1m, \V 1m

1m,\!) 1m 1m,\V 1m 1m,,\V 1m 1m,,\V 1m 1m,,\V 1m

V'\V"N :1V1' V'\V"N 1n:1' V'\V"N 1m' V'\V"N 1n:1'

ilY.l'\v' 1m 1m,,\V 1m 1m, \v' 1m 1m,\V, 1m 1m,\!), 1m

Ob

,vu', n!J)' nm n'!J"N' 'rlPn1 1n:1' VY.l\v'N' ):1" P!J)' "'!J"N' VY.l\v'N' ):1" P!Jl1 nm "'!J"N'

Oe2

VY.l\v'N'

H

'N'Y.lV n:1 V'\V n:1' ilV:11N il Y.l' \V' "'!J"N' VY.l\v"N' vu', n!J)' 'vm n'!J"N' V\v"N' 1n:1' 'N'Y.lV n:1 V:1\!)1N:1' ilV:11N l'Y.l"\V' 1m il'N n:1 V:1\v1N:1' ilV:11N 1m,\V, op'nN' )N)' ON)' n!J"N' O\v'N' il'N n:1 'V:1\v1N:1' ilV:11N 1m,\V, OP'nN' )N)' ON)' n!J'N' O\v'N' VY.l\v'N' 0P'nN' )Nl1 ON)' n!J'N' VY.l\v'N' il'N n:1 'V:1\v1N:1' ilV:11N 1m,\V, 'V)' 1N!J) 1N))'!J 1N"N N1:1' mm,\V 1m

ob'

I

Jb' Jb Je2

70

'!J" P!Jl1 'vm "'!J"N'

LXX Luc at 1 Chron. 3:7: op'mn transcribes KCXI CXXIKCXI-l "and my brother AEAIAMYI at 2 Sam. 5: 16 second rose" for V'!P, "and he appeared" . list LXX (last name in line above) is error for LlEAIAMYI, which combines Latin dea with Hebrew vm\!) to render MT/4QSama: vo\!)"m.

35,28 5: 16-17 B

"0' "" "0 - "0 "0 "0

'N'\!)'

,V

C

Db DO C2 D e2 D b'

14:7-8 F Ob Oe2

I

J 70-71

" "0 "

" "

O"'lVi1

,V

"0 ",

n\!)m " nN m\!)o

o"n\!)'!l

'VO\!)"

"'!l"N' V"'N' nV!l"N' nV!l"N n'!l"N n'!l"N n'!l"N

o'n\V'!li1

V"!lN' nO"Vl n"Vl n""l n"'Vl n"!l'N n"Vl

o '!1 \!)'!l i1

,,'!lON' »'l'l' O»"Vl'

o'n\!)'!li1

V"'l'

O'!1\V'!li1 O'!1\V'!li1 O'!1\V'!li1

V"'Vl'

n\Vm', O'!1\V'!li1

'VO\!)"

COLUMN

N'!l"N' 'V!l'N' i1'!l'N

35 (2 SAM. 4:9--6:2)

143

35,29 B(5:17)

ili,~mil 'H i'" i"i

l'O\v',

i"i r1H \vpJ, tP'!1\V'!l ,:I O'r1\V'!lil

D

14:8 F G 71

"l'"

O'r1\V'!lil Oil~!l'

HJ~

Or1H'P' Or1H'P'

HJ~ HJ~

O'!1\V'!lil O'r1\V'!lil O,\V',

"'l' "l'"

,mH' mil'l i'n 'H\v" O'H!l' POl'l '\VUl" 'Hl O"r1\V'!l' 35,30 O'H!l'il 'i'" o'r1\V'!lm B (5:18-19) O'r1\V'!lm O'H!l'il D O'il'Hl 'U\V!l" 14:9-10 tl'i1'Hl O'H!l'il F O'i1'Hl O'H!l'il '\vUl" o'r1\V'!lm G O'i1'Hl O"im'i1"O 'H\v" O'H!l'il pOl' r1H 'i:l'" 71-72 For LXXlLXX Luc / LXXChron .: KaI OUVETTEOOV = n,', cf. Is. 34:7: "il nlU' O'OH' 'i'" onH l"Hl. LXX avoided KaTEßTJOav "they went down", which would have contradicted Ka I aVEßTJOaV in the previous line, and confused YlyavTE5 tl'H!l' with YlyavTE5 O"!ll- see Gen. 6:4 and Num. 13:33. The Philistines "fell" from the valley towards David, because David had "gone down to the fortress" (see previous line). LXXLucC understood the continuation of the Isaiah verse: OiO OJ'H ilm" in the sense of the LXX translation: "And their land was drunk with blood" and correspondingly said ofthe Philistines at Samuel: "And they were poured out" KaI E;Exu8TJOav, which is metonymous for "And they were drunk" ,,:I\v", which also means "They were hired (as mercenaries)" - cf. 2 Sam. 10:6. Perhaps ,,:I\v" was slip for "lt)" "they were encirc1ed". To LXXLucC : Ka I E;exu8TJoav (,:I!l\V") = '\vUl" see Hos. 12:15: \!"U' "'l' "Oi' KaI TO all.la aUTOU ETT aUTOV EKxu8TJOETal. LXX has ola KUPIOU, LXX Luc TOV KUpIOV. Cf. 2: 1 LXX: EV KUPIUJ, LXX Luc : ola KUpIOU. At line 35 both LXX and LXX Luc have ola (TOU) KUPIOU for MT: mil'l.

'i'" 'i'"

35,31 5:19 B Db'

Dboc 2e2

omm, il;V mil"; '1JN" "'J Olnnil o"n\v;!);N il;VNil om\V;!lil nN 1nN 1m ':l "';N mil' Olnr1, om\V"!)i'l O'r1\V'!lil r1N 1r1N 1m ':l "" "H il1i1' Olnnm om\V"!)J OlnN 1m ':l "" "H mil' OlnN 1m ':l

Olnr1m om\V"!)il

"" "N mil'

onm, Or1m, O'r1\V"!li'l Olnr1m om\V"!)il

14: 10

F G 72-73

144

CHAPTER TWO

omm, il"V

'OH"

.,l' ;l'

.,V

onN'p" il"Vil

35,32 5:19-20 B

m~

ini"

l"!J

"" "" "" "" ""

Do c2e2

Db 14:10-11 F G 73

Om,Ni)

tJ'~'!) "Vl

35,33 B (5:20) D boC2

O"'U>'!Ji) nN 1"

,v',

'VOO "" N:1" "":1

"V', 'V"

o'~n!J'V!J:1

OU> ""

l~'!J'V:1:1

11':1

o"'U>'!Ji) nN ",

NH1i1 tJ'i'Y.lil tJU>

N'i' P"V tJ'O l"!)' ')!)"

'l'N tJ'l1\V"!) tJ'l'Nil

tJmil

"'l "'l

'N'i' 1~'!)

l~'!)"Vl

l"!) l"!)

tJ"I"l\!)'!l '1V l!lO'l

35,34 B (5:21-22) b'

tJ\!) llTY'l

P\!)lNl " " tJN\!)'l tJil'l:::iY I"lN tJilm,N

mN '\!)N tJ'\!)lNi11

D

tJ'I1\!)'!lil -

U>Nl tJl!l'\!) "l' 'ON'l

tJil'il'N

tJ 'I1\!)'!l il

De2

tJ'I1\!),!lil

\!)Nl tJl!l'\!) " " 'ON'l

tJilm,N

tJ'I1\!),!lil

\!)Nl tJl!l'\!) "l' 'ON'l

tJ il m'N

tJ 'I1\!),!l il

D boC2 14:12-13 F

Gb Ge2

\!)Nl l!l'\!)'l "l' 'ON'l

tJilm'N

\!)Nl IJl'\!)' "l' 'ON'l

tJilm'N

\!)Nl l!l'\!)'l

tJilm'N

tJ'I1\!)'!lil tJ'I1\!)'!lil

\!)Nl l!l'\!)'l tJ'I1\!)'!l "y l!lO'l

75

:ltm n"vn N" 35,35 5:22-23 nm' onN'p" B

mn'l

'ON"

,., ,., ,.,

""

O'N!I' O'N!I,n O'N!I,n

tlnN'v"

mi1'

DO

onN'p"

nm'

D e2

onN'p"

mn'

14:13-14 F

on',nN on',nN ,"n on',nN N'ln

om"Nn ,., o'n"Nn ,., om"Nn ,.,

o'n"Nl ,'v o'n"Nl ,'v "" o'n"Nl ,'v

O'N!I,n O'N!I,n

on',nN N'ln

o'n"Nn ,.,

,'v

O'N!I,n

O'N!I,n O'N!I,n

'ON"

""m lmJn 'ON"

om'''N,\V'n

'''\V!I'' m"v"

POVl

"N\v"

D bc 2

75-76

1"':1

"VY.l

14: 11 F G

Ge2 Gb

11':1

,,, N:1"

'VOO "" N:1" 1"':1 'VOO "" N:1" 1"':1

OU> ""

"VY.l "VY.l

De2

O'~'!J 'V:1:1

0'"

'ON" "" OU>

'\V''),,

"", "", POVl "", pov "v "", pov "v

,'v "",

' '0 "N\v" O'N!I,n POVl

'\V'')" '\V'')" lln', m"v"

To LXX/LXXLuc/LXXChron,: Kai aUVETTEaav = "", and LXXLucC : Kai ESEXUeTjaav = '\V\:)l" see to line 30.

COLUMN

35 (2

SAM.

4:9-6:2)

145

i11V~

35,36 5:23-24 B D

n,v\V n,v\V

Dboc2e2

Gb Ge2 76

m:>il,

N~'

tN ':>

,,, ""

'N'\v' 'N'\v' 'N'\v' \V'N

"V'

,V', o'i'"

"" "" "" m,v',

* * *

""

I'J'N O'\V'\V 'N'\V'l ,ml ,:> nN "" ,'v

* * *

O'Vl\v:> 'N'\v'rJ O'Vl\v 'N'\v'rJ

* * *

* * *

l'Jo', l'Jo~',

I'JO~"

* * * * * * * * * * * *

* * *

* * *

"nil N'l" 'N'\V'l ,ml ,:> nN I'J0N" *1 Chron. 13:6 begins at ,v''- Verse 5 reads: ,m\V ln 'N'\v' ,:> nN "" 'ili'" O'1V' n"i'n O'il'Nil l"N nN N'lil' nnn N'l' o',~n .

'v'

146

""

'il'

'V' "Vil'V

B

78-79

i11il'

il1tl 'v pV:J.ln o"n\V,!) \Vv', o"n\V,!) nN 1" ilHl' Hl'~ '\vN::> ,tl 1N:J. V:J.l1J P ", tlm\V,!)il tlm\V,!)il l"N tlm\V,!)il tI'n\V,!)il p "" mno "T""T "TV' "" D'il?Nil tI m\V, !)il tI'n\V,!)il mno tI Nil tI'il,Nil tlm\v'!)il mno tlm\v'!)il l',tl 0::>" N~' m'\vNil '\vN"

35,39 6:1

G

,'lO,

,V

D 14:15-16 F

D 13:6 F

,vn\V:>

i'mn tN O'N:>lil '\vN'l l',nn ilnn,nl Oil"N "n n'\vNn ilnn,nl ilnn,nl "n m'\vN mnn nN ilnn,nl N~n O'il'Nil ilnn,nl N~n mnn nN '\vN,n O'il'Nil mnn nN ilnn,nl N~n '\vN,n O'il'Nil mnn nN ilnn,nl N~n '\vN' O'il'Nil on,m vun TN m'\vNil MT: l',nn is misreading ofi'mn. The arm ofthe resh intertwined with that final tsade to produce zayin-kuJ

B

77

vn\Vl

i11V~il

mnnl

35,38 5:25

G

O'N:>l ,mn Oil' nNl' oil',vn Oil',nN ,N O'N:>lil

O'N:>lil on,v\V O'N:>lil on,v\V O'N:>lil on,v\V vn\V:> O'N:>lil i11V' "i' nN ,vn\Vl 'il" O'N:>lil m'\vNl l\V Luc c be C LXX , LXX , LXXb'c: OUVOEI0I-l0U, LXXo: at0I-l0U, LXX 2 : OEI0I-l0U = n,v\V "storm" is play on n,v\V "hair (of the Asheras)", metaphor for "tops of the trees".

14:14-15 F Gbe 2

35,37 5:24 B D 14:15 F

'i'"

il'~Vil

b'

Gb' 76

"i' m~ ,vn\Vl

CHAPTER TWO

Column 36A (2 Sam. 6:2-12) Herbert, 254, Plate XIX This column consists ofHerbert's complex 36A (2 Sam. 6:2-12 = 1 Chron. 13:6-14), to which has been added the continuation at Chronicles: 15:1-19 (skipping chapter 14, whose content paralleled Samuel at the previous column). Herbert's arrangement of 36A, 36B and 36C into one column was impossible, as he acknowledged at pp. 120121 and 128. The problems he couldn't surmount are resolved through the assimilation ofparallel Chronicles material in one ofthree ways: 1) Retain his positioning of 36A and 36B at the top of column 36, and relocate 36C to the bottom of an additional colurnn: 36+ 1, whose upper half continues David's psalm (l Chron. 16:4-42 = Psalms 105:1-14 + Psalm 96 + Psalm 106:1,47-48), already begun at 36. The middle ofthe column is 1 Chron. 16:37-42, which lists the priests appointed to guard and serve the ark. It revises the list given at 16:4-7 = 36,27-32. Solution one necessitates the elimination, with Chronicles, ofthe David-Michel dispute (2 Sam. 6:20-23), which Josephus carries in full at vii,87-89. Col. 36 Iines 1-4 5 6-15 16 17-26 27-32 33-39

4QSama 36A 36A 36A

1 Chron. 13:6-7 13:8-14 15:25-16:3 16:4-7 16:8-18

36B

Col. 36+ 1 2 Sam. 6:2-3 6:4 6:4-12 6:12 6:12-19

Psalms

Iines 1-13

1 Chron. 16:18-34

14-16 17-24 25-39

16:34-36 16:37-42 16:43-17:9

4QSama

2 Sam.

36C

6:20-7:10

Psalms 105:11-15 96:1-13,106:1 106:1,47-48

105:1-11

2) Transfer 36B to the top of 36+ 1, and fill in the gap created between 36A and 36B with 1 Chron. 15:1-24, David's assembling the people, his address to the priests and the Levites and the first appointment of the Levites - the ones to accompany the ark on its trip from the house of Oved Edom to Jerusalem. Col. 36 lines 1-4 5 6-15 16-17 17 18-39

1 Chron. 13:6-7 13:8-14

4QSama 36A 36A 36A

col. 36+ 1 2 Sam. 6:2-3 6:4 6:4-12 6:12

Psalms

Iines 1-6 7-17 18 19-25 26-39

1 Chron. 15:19-24 15:24-16:3 16:43

4QSama

2 Sam.

36B

17: 1-9

36C

6:12-19 6:20 6:20-23 7:1-10

Psalms

15:1-19

3) Expand Herbert's column 36 by!wo extra columns which contain all ofthe parallel Chronicles material. This is the solution adopted here. The number introducing the bottom line in the following is that of the paragraph in book 7 of Josephus, Antiquities.

COLUMN

36A (2 SAM. 6:2-12)

147

O~lJ m'Vil'

36A,1 6:2 B

o

i111i1', '~N i11'il' il"Vl i111i1' ilVllil n"Vl i11'il'

13:6 F G

2Vl n',i' Nm O"V' n',i' 'N

1'" ,'V -

78

il'Vl mN '~N OVil "VllJ "VllJ "VllJ iln'Vl iln,v -

o','n',i' illJ,'n',i' i111i1' "VllJ

O~lJ m'Vil'

mN '~N OVil

The dalet in i11'il" was added in normal size above the second waw. To 4QSama: 2Vl n'~ see Josh. 15:60 and 18:14: o"V' n',i' ~Pil 'Vl n',i'. tJ':l,,:m

36A,2 6:2 B D

"v

:l \V'

tJ':l"n 1':l",n

13:6

Gb

tJ\V N'i'l '\vN nN 0'in2Nn l"N nN tJ\V

:l\v,," mN:l~

.,V

oaßacu6

:l\v"

tJ'il"Nn

m\V N'i'l '\vN

1':l",

:l\v"

tJ'il"Nn

tJ\V m\V N'i'l '\vN

tJ:l",

:l\V"n

tJ'n"Nn

tJ\V m\V N'i'l '\vN

tJ:l",

:l\V"n

tJ'n"N

tJ\V N'i'l '\vN

F Gb'OC2 e2

inn' n'N:l~

78

O'il"Nn P'N nN

36A,3 6:2-3 B

o

13:7 F G 79

l1l'lN n'llJ H"N~" il~1n il'~ l"Nil nN 'l::>'" 'N om'Nil l"N l1)'lJN n'll 'ilN~m illil' l"N l::>'" l1)'lJN 'ilN~m Dm'Nil l"N l1)'lJN l1)'lJN l1)'lN n'llJ 'illN~" il~1n il'lV

Dm'Nil l"N Dm'Nil l"N m'~',Dm'Nil ,,'N m'~',l"Nil nN m'~',

il~1n il'lVil nN D'lm l1)'lN ')l "nN, NTV' ilVlll '~N

36A,4 B (6:3) D

um um

13:7

n"lVl -

F Gboc2e2

l1)'ON l1)'ON

um 1:J~lJ

il'lVil nN 1:J~lJ

Gb' 79

il'lVil nN 1:J~lJ il'lVil

36A,5 6:4 B

2V O')il::>il -

-

"nN

D')l'OmN'

1,'N DV ilVlll '~N l1)'lN n'llJ illN~"

Dm'Nil ,"Nil

Do c2e2 nN'

Db

,V

-

-

Dm'Nil

-

om'Nil

13:7-8 F G Herbert, 121, line 4: O'lm with sm all circles over nun and ha and small dots

148

CHAPTER TWO

,,'V

over the remaining letters is absurd. The huge final mem is almost fully preserved and needs no dot, while the remnants of the remaining letters - two bottom horizontal shafts (ofthe kofand the nun) separated by three ends of vertical shafts (2 for the ha, one for the waw) - indicate tJ'lil'[il]. The diagonally protruding legs of gimmel - compare the one in the fragment just to the left - are simply not there. The scribe began to write tJ'lill, interpreting the second box, the argaz, on the cart when it came to Beyt Shemesh - see 1 Sam. 6:8 ff. (VI,21,24,30 q.v.) as a "drivers'" box. When he reached the gimmel in tJ'lill he decided to call it a "priests'" box, shifted the gimmel-axis right, extended it and added the base transforming it to nun. He then went back and changed the initial nun to kofby adding the upper shaft. 36A,6 6:4-5 B Db

tJ'jm~)Y,) 'N''I!)' 'll " , "", ,~o fiNil 'l!l' tJ"I;m Tl~ ~il

'll' -

"'il NTV

"'il

DO DC2e2

13:8 F G 80

pnN' NTV'

tJ'''ilTlO tJVil

"mv,

,~m

"'il l'l'ON 'll

,~m

"'il

l"Nil 'l!l'

,'il

"om

To LXXLuc : ,~m (LXXb: ,~o) cf. BM add. 14424 (Syr.): ,,~m. 36A,7 6:5 B

Om'YOl' O'!ml'

O'!)Tll

Gb' Gb'* 80

Kai ev vaßAal5

Kai ev KIVUpal5

Kai ev vaßAal5

Kai ev KIVUpal5

O"'\!)l' T»l O'\!»>l O"'l

Kai evaßAal5

Kai ev KIVUpal5

O"'\!)l' T»l O'\!»>l O"Jl

Kai EV vaUAal5

Kai ev KIVUpal5

O"'\!)l' T»l O'\!»>l O',Jl

Kai EV vaUAal5

Kai ev KIVVUpal5

O"'\!)l' T»l O'\!»>l O',Jl

Kai ev KIVUpal5

Kai ev vaßAal5

Kai EV KIVUpal5

O"'\!)l'

O'il,Nil

Kai ev vaßAal5

KCXI Eil KIIIIIUPCXl5

O"'\!)l'

O'il'Nil

Kai EV aUAal5

Kai EV KIVUPal5

O"'\!)l'

O'il'Nil

Kai ev vaßAal5

,,\!)

36A,8

o'm'Nil l11N 'N ", TlN NT» n,\!)',

13:8-9

F

Gb Ge2 80-81

1TlN TnN, 1TlN TnN,

O'il,Nil

'lO " l

11"

11:1'» 'Nl" O'»lVlOl'

11'l l'U

,»

'l!)'

O'il,Nil

O"'\!)l' O"'\!)l'

6:5-6

B D

O"'\!)l

T» " l mil' O'\!)"l 'Y» O"'\!)l' T»l O'\!»>l O"'l

O'»lVlOl'

DO DC2e2 Db Db' 13:8 F Gbe 2

O"lll'.!...-_ _..:Tl..:.!"l'l'

O"Y'Yl' O"',nl'

''O'l'il ill'N

l"Nil TlN TnN, l"Nil TlN TnN'

O"',nl' 11m

Tl"YYnl, m,yynl'

11'Nil TlN TnN'

11"J

Tl"YYnl,

P'Nil TlN TnN'

l"J

m,yynl'

1TlN TnN,

", TlN NT» n,\!)',

l"'J 1':1'» 'Nl" Tl"y~nl'

COLUMN 36A (2 SAM. 6:2-12)

149

,... ,..

X

r: >-

n ,..

~

Q

~I

r:

~

r1

r1 ,...

r1 r1 ,... ,...

x

J'-

r: >r1 ,...

r1 ,...

I

~

,... Q

p ,...

~~

J'- J'-

XX

~~ >- >-

n ,.. ~

Q

p ,... r1

r: ~

r

::r:

r X

~

X

r:

J'-

r: ,..

P

~

J'-

r:

~I

J'-

n ,.. X

~

J'-

r: ,..

r,...

FI r:

~

~

P

J'Cl

,... ,..

Q

~

~

h

~ p p p X rX rX

r: ,... r:

r :::.. :::.. :::.. ,..

,.. r: ,... r:

~

r

~ ~

~

r

x x x

~

r

~

J'- J'- J'-

Q

,... ,..

h

r: r:

X X

J'- J'-

p

E= E=

p

::h

P

r: ,...

,... ,.. r:

r

J'-

r,... r-

00

C"l

I

.....

~Ö 00

~

~

,.. r: ,... r:

r

Cl

r1

~

~

~

J'- J'- J'-

r

~

x x x

1.0

Q

p

Q

..... .....

rrl coO .......

~

Ö

N

(1)

r: r: r: r: r: r: >- >- >- 0- 0- 0r: r: r: r: r: r:

~~ ,... ,...

p

r: r:

r

~ ~

r

r1

~ >-

~ >-

r:

X r:

>-

,... ,..

r X

~

~

p

r: r: ,...

X

Cl

r

~

~

r-

E= ,...

p

.-

.-

-{OO

-

X

::-

~

r, X

J'Q

,...

~

p

Q ,...

h ,...

Cl

r

~

>-

~

X

00

C"l

,...

f ,.. r rx x r- r::- ,... r- r-

X h

r:

X ,..

J'-

Q

,.. ,..

,... r: r: r: ,... ,... ,... E= r: r: r:

P

r1

,.. ,...

p

r: r: ,...

X

,...

r

x ,... ,.. J'-I Q Z

r

r- r-

,..r: ,..Z

,.. ,..

COO

X X

x r. r1 r1 !:'I ,... ,... ,...

0\ 1.0

X Z

C"l .....

il

nN n1'Vil' O""i11 O'li1"il 'lV,pn', U!)lVO::> 'ilUlV" N" N'::> U::1 om"'i11 "!)lVO::1 UlV" U!)lVO::1 o'n"'i11

'lVH:> D'm'Hil l"H nH D""il 'l:1 'HlV" 'H'lV' 'm'H l"H D'n"'il mil' D'n"'il mil'

36A,32 15: 14-15

o

'OH"

36A,33 15:15-16 F

Dil")) m"O:1 D!)n:>:1 'H'lV' 'i1"H mil' ,:1,:> illVO m~

Obe 2

Dil'!)n:>:1

:1n:>il:> :1n:>il:>

ob'

Dil'!)n:>:1

:1n:>il:>

Oe2

EV

36A,35 F (15: 16-1 7)

Dm"'il

Gb'

Dm"'il

D:>'nH "'OVil Dm"'il

va~Aa\5

Kai EV KlvvupalS'

DilmH "'0

'l:1 1m m':>':1 l:1l)oH DilmH 1m 'HP 1:1 10'i1 pnH pnH 10 pnH "H"O il':>':1 pnH pnH 'l:1' - il':>':1 'l:1' - il':>':1 ';1":>T D'llVOil Dil'nH DilO))' m'lV'p 1:1 1n'H

nm,'olV' 'H'T))" 1:1 'H 'T))'

'H'))'

'H'V'

Ge2

Ge2

KlvupalS' Kai KIVUPalS'

Dm'~O:1

Gb

36A,38 F (15:18) Ob

m'l:>1

Kai EV KlvupalS'

Ge2 36A,37 15:17-18 F

,:1,:1 'lVm

nH D""il "'0))" ilnolV' "P:1 D"il' D'vmlVO Dm,~m Dm"'il ilnolV V'OlVil' Dm"'il

Gb 36A,36 15:17 F Ob

,:11:1 illVm ,:1,:1 illV'O

D":1l:1 "lV ',:>:1 D"'lVOil DilmH ,'O)m, D""il "lV' "11 D',:1l va~Aa\5 D":>:1 "m))il Dm"'il EV vauAa\5 D:>'nH "m))il D'n"'il

36A,34 15: 16 F Ob

Oe2

D'i1'H -

m'lV'p UPlV'P

O":>T

1:1 1:1

'il'lpm 'il'!)"H' mmnm 'il'lVvm il"pm m!)"H' jpn""OH' il'lV))m il'lpm il'lV))m '!)'H' o'n""m il'lVvm il'lpm O'lV,m '!)'H' o'n""m il'lVvm

Dn'H on'H

'il'l:1' :1H"H 'lV' 'H'n', il'l:1' il:1H"H' 'HP'H' il'l:1' O'llV' il'l:1'

O'llV'

l)OH 10'il m'l:>:1 O"'lVom O"VlVil 'ilmv,

'H'V"

O'H

,:1V'

36A,39 15: 18-19 F Gbe2

on'H

EV KIVUPClI5

O'TV' 'Hm', O'H:1H' O'TV' 'Hm', O'H':1V'

Gb'

on'H

EV KIVVUPOl5

O'TV'

COLUMN

'Hm', O'H':1))'

36A (2 SAM. 6:2-12)

153

Column 36B (2 Sam. 6:12-19) Herbert, 254, Plate XX Herbert's 36B is at lines 9-16. The text covered by the fragments is 2 Sam. 6:12-18, which is paralleled by 1 Chron. 15:25-16:2. The top ofthe column is restored from 1 Chron. 15:19-25, continued from column 36A; and the bottom is the continuation of 36B in 1 Chron. 16:4-29, verses 8 ff. ofwhich is paralleled at Psalms 105:1-15,96:17. K is reserved for the variants from Psalms MT but is replaced by the verse number, while L designates the Psalms LXX variants. In~m', mY.l,m,!" 'N'T)" n',:m vm'\!m, n\Vnl 'Nn'N mY.l,m\V "":JT "":Jn

36B,1 F (15:19-20) G 36B,2 F (15:20-21) Gb Ge2

36B,3 F (15:21)

Gb

G b'

Ge2 36B,4 15:22-23 F Gb'

Gbe2 36B,5 F (15:23-24) Gb' Gbe2

36B,6 (15:24) 36B,7 6:12 F (15:24-25)

Ge2 Gb 84

154

CHAPTER TWO

,n'!l"N' ,nmnm nm,v "'l!llN' "'n",,m aAallJw6 '!l'N' "m"m mY.l'Vln '!l'N' "mn"m mY.l'Vln "~l'

pm, "~l' pm, "~l' pm,

'V

n'l'Y.l\Vn 'V a~aOEvEle

tlm'~Y.ll

ln'N' ~"N

tl"lll m'll' m'\Vvm lN"N' 'lV' EV vaßAal5 "'ll "'\VY.l lN'N 'lW EV vauAal5 "'ll' ,,'\Vvm lN'N' "'llV' EV vaßAal5 "'ll' ,,'\Vvm lN'N' "'lW' m'l:Jl EV KIVUpal5 EV KIVUpal5 EV KIVVUpal5 EV KIVUpal5

mmv, 'N'V" tl1N 1lV' m'lpm "'TV' 'Nm', tl1N1lV' n'lpY.l "'TV' 'N'"" 01N1lV' "'lpm "'TV' 'N'"" 01N1lV' "'lpm "'TV' 'Nm', 01N1lV' n'lpm

nlP'N' n':J'l' N,n l'lY.l ':J o"'\vY.ln '\V N\VY.ll o""n '\V ,n'll:J' N\VY.ll ,,,, nm - o'n'"n n'm:J' o'n'"n "'l':J" "':J'l' nm o'n'"n "':J'l' nm "'l:J" ,n'll' ,n":Jn '\VY.lV' 'Nlm, "!l\V'" 'll' n":Jn "'ll' "":Jn 'll' "":Jn

,n'll\v' l"N' o"V\V n'lY.l\v' n'll\v' n'll\v'

tl'm'Nn l"N 'l!l' m'~~"l 0"~~"Y.l O'lm:Jn 'TV"N'

,'\v' 'N'\v' 'lpn 1"1 m',

l"N' O"V\V nm', 01N 1lV'

"" om'Nn o'n'Nn om'Nn

"P"

01N1lV' 'Nm', 0"1lV' 01N1lV'

C'N 'lV 11'l 10 11"lil n'N 11N m'Vil' C"'ilil C'!l'Nil 11'lO C'i1'Nil ,V', il"'lV 11'lO mil' ,V', P"lV 11'lO C'i1'Nil ,V', l"1lV 11'lO mil' mil' 11"l C'N1lV mil' 11"l l"'lV l"Nil 11N

36B,8 6:12 B

,V',

D b' D be2

15:25 F G 84 36B,9 6:12-13 B

C"))~ i1\V\V

il1i1'

l"N 'N\v)

c',:m il))l\V C',Jn il))J\V

Db

"))~ ':J

'i1" CilO)) Pil" 10)) - "il"

l"Nil

C',Jn il))J\V

Doc2e2

15:25-26 F G 84-85

C"Jn il))J\v'

il'i1' ilnO\Vl "" "))

CilO)) Pil" 1'1',J 1'1',J 11"J

C"'il 11N C'i1,Nil ,rVJ - 'i1" C'l'1"'il 11N C'i1,Nil PTnJ 'N\v) C'l'1'"il 1'1N mil' PTnJll'1N 'N\v) C"'il C))

", "))

mil' 'l!l' TV

36B,10 6:13-14 B D 15:26-27 F G 85

" l ""0 "", C"'N il))l\V' C"!l ilVl'IV nlT" N',m "'IV nln '!l C''lVVl C"'l "" il'''' nln '!l C''lVVl C"'l "" N,m il'''' ,nlP' l"l "VOl 'l"O mlT" l"l "VOl ,l"O l"l "VOl 'l"O mlP' ""r.n Pn'lVO ~m"

,v' ,v' ,v' ,V'

'U'l

After l"l (LXXlLXXLuc : ßuoOlvrl) Chronicles adds the following: 15 :27 tP11'!>Y.lil N'!>Y.lil 1'!>il il'll:n tI'11'!>Y.lill p1Nil nN tPN'!>lil tlm"'il ,:" F tl'11'!>Y.lil '1''!> 1'!> t)'l:P tl'11'!>Y.lill illil' n'1l P1N tl'N'!>l tlm"'il ,:" Gb

tl'11'!>Y.lil

Ge2

tl'11'!>Y.lil

mil'

36B,1l B (6:14-15) D 15:27-28 F

Gb Ge2

'1''!>

1'!> t)'m:n tl'11'!>Y.lill illil' n'1l p1N

tl'N'!>lil ,:" tlm"'il ,:"

1'!> t)lm:" tl'11'!>Y.lill illil' n'1l l'1N

tl'N'!>lil ,:" tlm"'il ,:"

l"N 11N

c',vo ,N''IV' 11'l ,:" " " " l

"!lN 'lln "",

"Vil "Vil 11"l 11"l 11"l

1"l

'l, 'l' LXX transcribed l"l ßUOOl vll as in the addition to the previous line; eij masshfa

11"l

"" "" ""

""

LXXLuc : EepOUO I-l0VOV is perhaps'l "!lN. LXXe2: EIS" I-lCXOOllepCX is either jarbled for il'IV!lll, the word closing both the Michel matter and the chapter (see line 14 middle) or it transcribes il!l~Ol (cf. 1 Sam. 7:6-7 LXX Luc). The word glosses "'01 ending the next line, in the second case, il!l~Ol "to

COLUMN

368 (2

SAM.

6:12-19)

155

the lookout" refers to Michel gazing expectantly from the window - cf. 1 Sam. 4:13: il!l~m "", Nt):Jil ,V :l'IV' "v. LXXe2 had as Vorlage either 4QSama or a similarly formulated scroll, and il'IV!ll:l/il!l~ll:l, which originally glossed ,:J'lll right below, jumped to this line. More blatant cases of gloss line jumping occurred at III,26 and 52, line 8 q.v. 'i1" '!J'\V 2'i'l' i1)",nl "')'J' ")1 "V'V Nl ilH'l' l"N il'il) "N\v nl l"Nil "N\v nl "')'J' " N\V n l ",m om,Nil "N\v nl ,")'J' DO ,'N\v nl n"l 15:28-29 Nl" n"l "N\v nl "')'J' F n"l "N\v nl O")'J' Nl" Gb Nl" "N\v nl o"m n"l Gb' ,'N\v nl ",)'J' i1)",nl' n"l Nl" Ge2 ,'N\v nl "')'J' 85 After '!l,'IV Chronicles adds: m'l:J:l, O',:ll:l tl'Vll'IVll tl'n'~ll:l' m,~~n:l' (MT: m'l:J'). m'l:J, tl',:ll:l is transcribed VCX~Aal5 KCXI ev KIVUPCXl5 in LXX, ev VCXUACXl5 KCXI ev KIVUPCXl5 in LXX b, EV VCXUACXl5 KCXI ev KIVVUPCXl5 in LXX b ' and EV VCX~ACXI5 KCXI ev KIVUPal5 in LXXe2. '!l,'IV is acucpep in LXX, acucpcxp in LXX Luc .

36B,12 6:15-16 B D bc2e2

"i" "i"

i'TI'lVlll 'i"lll TT!lll "" "llil nN

36B,13 6:16 B D 15:29 F G 85

Gb' 86

156

CHAPTER TWO

1"nil 'V:l n!li''lVl

i'n'IVll

HmN' mil' l"N nN ,N':l', il:l,:l', T:lm mil' 'l!J' ':J':Jlll 'N:l" tl'i1'Nil il'IV!ll:l tl'il'Nil tl'i1,Nil il'IV!ll:l n~', l"Nil nN 'N:l', " T:lm

n~',

36B,14 6:16-17 15:29-16:1 F G 85-86 36B,15 6:17 B D 16:1 Gbe 2

~,m

tl'll,'IV' m,v "" ,,, "

""-

,V', """

,:l"i'" - ,:l"i'" - ,:l"i'"

tlm,'IV' tlm,'IV tl'O,'IV' m,v

ilUl ''lVN ,mNil 1m:l

mN m'i'o:l m'i'o:l m'i'o:l

,V', "", ilUl ''lVN ,mNil nnn

At Chronicles, LXX:

cm,'IV' is Kai

Kai ElpTjVIKaS" (Kai) OWTTjPIOU.

Db Do c2e2

LXXLuc : cm,'IV(')

C'O''IV' is

Cf. to line 16. il'Vil m'VilO

illi'l' D\Vl DVil nN "l'1

36B,16

6:17-18 B

OWTT}PIOU;

im "'1

illil'

mNl~

tJ 'O,\v ill

tJ'O,\v1

mNl~

tJm'\vill n1'Vil

tJ'O,\v1

sabawq

tJ'O,\vill n1'Vil

tJ'O,\v1

sabawq

tJ'O'\vil1 n1'Vil

tJ 'O'\v1

n1Nl~

tJ ,o,\V ill

16: 1-2

tJ'il'Nil n'7V

tJ'il7Nil

tJ'07\v' tJ'07\Vill m7Vil

tJ'il7Nil

tJ '07\V1

F G 86

'l!l'

nN il'l"

At Chronicles, LXX:

cm,'IV' is Kai

Kai TaS" ElpTjVIKaS" Kai OWTTjPIOU. i1\!}'1IIH'

36B,17

1nH

nnH

6:19 B

101llH'

on" 1" nnH

LXXLuc : C'O''IV' Cf. to line 15.

OWTT}PIOU;

1II'H" n1llH 1V' 1II'HO

n"n

Cm''lVin is 1II'H .".,

"H1111'

nlnoo

i"i'1'

nl'l"

1V 1II'HO'

DO C2 Db

nlnoo

i"i'1'

nl'l"

1V' 1II'HO "H1111' Hllr ."., Vl1ll1Hl 1V )10

ovn ovn

nlnoo

i"i'1'

nl'l"

1V 1II'HO "H1111' Hllr ."., Vl1ll1Hl 1V )10

ovn

De2

nlnoo

i"i'1'

nl'l"

1V' 1II'HO "H1111' Hllr ."., Vl1ll1Hl 1V1 )10

ovn

F (16:3) G e2

Gb

G b' 86

i'''n',

1mn"," OVl1

1II'HO" Vl1ll1Hl 1V )10

Hllr ".,

101llH 1nH 101llH' nlnoo

i"i'1'

1nH

1'''0

1'11

101llH' nlno

i"i'1'

1nH

1''''

1"1

101llH' nlno

i"i'1'

1nH

"."

nlT i'''m nlno

i"i'1'

101llH'

on" nl'l" i',n',

1"1

'1'"

1mnn",

1II'H 1V' n1llHO

For nl'l' = KOAAUp\(Sa instead of n,n in LXX-Samue1 and LXXLuc-Samuel ef. Amnon's fUse to draw Tamar to his bedroom: he was advised by his friend to "play siek" m,nnn (2 Sam. 13:2), and as a result she made ml'l' for hirn (verse 10). The remaining eorrespondenees are: EOXaPITTjV, apTOKOTTlKOV and KOAAUPITTjV = '!l'IVN, TTjyavou = n:lnO and allopEITTjV = n'IV''lVN. 36B,18

F (16:4) G

1n', "n" m"n" ,',m" cm,'lVo c""n 10 inn' l"N 'l!l' n'1l C'VO'IVO cm'"n c'vo'IVm n"l ")1 D'n'"n 'N1'IV' 'in'N inn',

36B,19 (16:4)

36B,20

16:5 F

Ge2 Gb Gb'

nmnm 'Nm', n'01'0'IV' 'N'V" n'1't 'i1l'IVm 'lVN1n ~ON 'N'V' om""o 'Nm' mO'10'IV 'N'V' O'1't ~ON1 omn"m 'Nn', m010'IV' O'1't o'nn"m 'Nn'1 mO'0'IV1 O'1't 'i1l'IVO omn"m 'Nn'1 m010'IV1 'N'V1 O'1't 1i1l'IVO

The middle three names are LXX:

EIEITjA oallapEIIlw8 EIEITjA,

COLUMN

D be2:

368 (2

Kai EIEITjA

SAM.

6:12-19)

157

Kai OEJ.llpaJ.lw8 Kai laT}A,

LXxb': Kai IET}A Kai OEJ.llpaJ.lw8 Kai laT}A. tP'lll' n"ll

n":>l 'N'V" n1N 1lV' HPll' lN"N' ":>l vaßAat 5 n11lV' t>'ll' lN'N KaI sv vaßAal5 t>'TV' n111lV' t>'ll' lN'N'

m'l:>l'

36B,21 16:5 F Ge2

KIVUpat 5 Kat KIVUpat5

Gb' G b*

KaI KIVVUpat5 Kat KIVUpat5

Gb

Kat KIVUpal5

t>'TV'

n111lV' t>'ll' lN'N'

svaUAat5

t>'TV'

n111lV' t>'ll' lN'N'

sv vaßAat5

t>'TV'

n111lV' t>'ll' lN'N'

sv vaUAat5

LXX has again Kai EIEIT}A for MT: ,N'V" - see to line 20. 1mn m,~~nl n'lin:>il 'N'Tn" 'N'TV'

36B,22 F (16:5-6)

'N'T"

Gb

Ge2

36B,24 F (16:7)

"nN' l]t>N 1'l inil" "\!>

"m "

"n,',v nmVl 13"11i1 m\!>l m'1lil

Gb'e2

"on

m'1lil

L (105:1-2)

'"on

36B,26 16:9-10 F G 105:2-3 L 36B,27 (105:3-5) F (16:10-12) G 36B,28 16:12-13

F

Gb Ge2 105:5-6 L

158

"'\!>

"on "on

Gb

CHAPTER TWO

KaI vaßAat5

m1il' \!>N'l 1"1 1m TN N1i1il n"l n'in'Nil n"l l"N 'l!)'

36B,23 (16:6-7)

36B,25 F (16:8-9)

V'O\!>O n'n,~ol l]t>N'

'il'll' t>'ll' t>'ll'

'N'i' il1i1" 111i1 'inN'i' n'N'i"

'inN'i" m\!> nN 'N'i"

'\!>1i' n\!>l '''ilnil inil' il\!>V '\!>N "nN'!)l

':>l m'\!> " ,:>, nmVil ,:>

":>T 1mn "l!) '\!>i'l HV' inil' '\!>'1 il1i1' '\!>i'lO l' no\!>' m~, \!>i'lO m~, \!>i'lO 'll '1lV nil'lN V'T 1i1'!) '''!)\!>}J1 n'n!)O il\!>V '\!>N "mN,!)l ,N'\!>' "n!)o "1lV ,N'\!>' pn!)o ,,1lV ,N'\!>' "1lV 'N'\!>'

,,1:1V

'V'T ,,!)

"n!)o pn!)o "n!)o

U'::)f ""!)'lV0 f'Nil ":J:J U'ill'N illil' N1il ",'n:J :Ji'V' ,':JT

36B,29 16:13-15 F G 105:6-8

':JT ':JT ':JT

L

tlil':JN nN n':J ''lVN ',1 I')'N' ill~ ''lVN ':J1 ll'1',:J tI"V'

36B,30 16:15-16 F G 105:8-9 36B,31 F (16:16-18) Ge2

,':J1 ,':J1

'lr.lN' tI'lV n":J 'N''IV'' i'n, :Ji'V" i11'OV'l i'n~', ll'1V1:J'lV1 i11'OVil n":J' n":J' 'N''IV'"

Gb

L (105:9-11)

'N''IV'" ,!)tm

36B,32 16:18-19 F

,"vo O:Jn"il:J o:Jn,m ':Jn lVl:J f'N nN lnN " 'l'10

Gb

on"il:J on"il:J

Ge2

on"il:J

105:11-12 L

36B,33 16:19-20 F G 105:12-13 L 36B,34 Gb (16:21-22) 105: 14-15

o'''Vo ,!)tm:J

i1l:J

'l'10 on"il:J on"il:J

,nN OV 'N il:J'oo01 'll 'N '1:10 ':J'iln', il:J O"ll OV, OV, -

'1:1' '1:1' -

':J," ':J'"

il:J'OOO OV, - il:J'OOO '1:1' -

,"''lV0:J 1vm 'N O':J'O Oil"V n:J", Oi''lVV' 'IV'N' n'lil N' 1n''lV0:J 01N 1v,n 'N 'N':Jl:J1 'N':Jl:J 'N':Jl"

36B,35 F (16:22) 105: 15 36B,36 16:23 F G L (96:1-2)

O'''VO "VO:J ,'l, lUVO:J O'''VO:J "VO:J

0'"

0"0 "'lVl lr.l'IV 1:J':J illil" "''IV f'Nil ':J illi1" "''IV

0"0

0"

0" 'N

COLUMN

36B (2 SAM. 6:12-19)

159

36B,37 (96:2-4) 16:23-25 F 36B,38 16:25-26 96:4-5 36B,39 F (16:26-28) G 96:5-7 L

ilH1'

,nl ':J "TlN'Ol tl'Dl'il ':Jl "'l:J

tl"1ll ,'Otl 1l"1l"\!)' TlN

tl"N tl'Dl'il 'i11'N ,:J ':J tl'i11'Nil ,:J 'l' N'il N'U 'NO tl""N tl'il'N N,m tl""N tlm'N i11il" 'lil mi'0l

i11,m

"mn

ilH1" um'N' tl 'D\!)il U m'N'

Tl' "lO' "i11 "il il\!)l' tl'D\!)

Tl'NOm '\!)'i'0l i11,m '\!)'i'0l Tl'NOTl' '\!)'i'0l Tl'NOm \!)'i'

tl'D\!)il

Column 36C (2 Sam. 7:1-10) Herbert, 254, Plate XXI Preceding the Samuel verses is the continuation of the additional material in 1 ChronicIes: 16:28 (= Psalm 96:7) - 42. The psalm continues for the first nine lines ofthe column unti116:36 (=Psalm 106:48), and chapter 16 ends at line 18, where it rejoins the Samuel ac count at 6: 19b (for 6: 19a see 36B,17). The numbers at the bottom line for lines 18-30 are the paragraphs in Josephus, Antiquities, Book vii.

m\!) "l:J i11il" 'lil Tl" "l:J i11il" 'lil tl'Dl'il mno\!)o tl'Dl'

36C,1 16:28-29 F G 96:7-8 L

lN tl'Dl' "i11

"m

'\!)'i' "nl i11il" nnTl\!)il "m,~n, 'Nl' ilmo 'N\!) \!)'i' Tl"ill "lO' ,mTl\!)i11 "lO' 'li11 ,mTl '\!)'i' m,~nl ,mTl nnTl\!)i11 "lO'

36C,2 16:29-30 F G 96:8-9 L 36C,3 16:30 F G 96:9-10 L

160

CHAPTER TWO

\!)'i' Tl"ill ,mTl 1'" \)mTl ' l

'N'

,~nl

,lTl

'\!)N

mnm

l':JTl ~N "0 i11il' tl"1ll "ON l"Nil ,:J "lO'O

TlN 1':Jil "lOO 1':Jil

iniP D"Ul '10N" f1Ni1 ":Im D'O~i1 mo~' D'1~'Ol Dmv

36C,4 16:31 F G 96: 10-11 L 36C,5 16:31-33 F Ge2

no~' no~'

36C,8 16:35-36

i11~

fV'

-

'N"m N"Oi1 DV 'N"O DV

'N"Ol T'V' 'N,m mo,~ n,v' 'N,m

1i1l

ln, " ini1', ",i1 f1Ni1 m~ "'!:I~' Nl "

D"Ui110

U::lli" UV~' U,'::lin U,'::lin U,'::lin u'mv,~' U'i1'N U'i1'N

1n'i1nl nln~i1' 1n'i1nl nln~i1'

Ge2 Gb

ini1' 'l!:l'O 1V'i1 Nl " 'l!:l' 1V' Nl " 'l!:l'

nln~i1'

106:47-48 L

36C,11 F (16:37-38)

,n' -

'i1"N ini1' 1'1l 1'n'i1nl nln~i1" 1~'i' D~ nN n"i1' 1n'i1nl nln~i1' o~, 1n'i1nl nln~i1'

36C,10 16:37

i10i1' V'1'

ini1' UV'~'i1 '10N' "on D"V' " 'i1'N 'i1'N 'i1'N

Gb Ge2

36C,9 16:36 F G 106:48 L

D'i1 DV1' 1'0

,,~

L 36C,6 (16:33-34) 96:12-13, 106:1 L

i11~

fV fV'

i11~

Gb 96: 11-12

36C,7 16:34-35 F G 106:1,47 L

i11~i1 f'V' N,m

'::lV'" m1' TN 'l 1~N ""

i1""i110N OVi1 " '10N" O,'Vi1 in i1', "in ini1', ""in 10N" ini1', ",in 10N" 10N' 10N 10N 10N' l'1Ni1 'l!:l' n1~' "nN" t'J0N'

1lV' D"lV' O"lV' D"'lV'

i1lm~, D'~~

O~' o~,

'V' O,'Vi1 10 'N1~'

ini1' n'1l p1N 'l!:l' O~ 'lTV" lTV"

Oi1,"N' O'N 1lV' m"l 0" 1l" ,mn "nNl O"lV' O"l 0"i1 1l' 0"i1 "nN' O"lV' O"'lV'

COLUMN

36c (2 SAM. 7:1-10)

161

tJ'lm:m ,'mn 1m:m P":l mn tJ"V\V, ilt)m 1m"" 1l tJ'N

36C,12 F (16:38-39)

ilt)n 1l tJ,n,' 't)n 1:l tJm,' -

Gb Ge2

,V mil" m,v m'Vil' l'V:ll:l '\vN ilO:l:l mil' p\Vo 'lO'

36C,13 Gb (16:39-40)

1°:l:l

'\vN mil' n,m:l :lm::m "" :l'V" 'P:l, ,'On il'Vil n:lTY.l

36C,14 F (16:40)

",

Gb Ge2

mv,

1m',', tJm',', tJm',',

Gb' m,~~n

il\Vm il\Vm '\Vm OilO))'

16:41-42

F G

'V m:l

1m,,', 10'il tJilOV' tJ'm,Nil n,\Vo il\VO ":l ,N'\v'

36C,15 16:40-41 F Gbe 2

36C ,16

m,Vil m,Vil m,Vil

'l:l 'l:l 'l:l

mm 0'71))" ') il1il'" n"il" OU>"))

1m,,', 10'il

O""lil 'NU>'

nmU>l 'lj?l 'U>N o~nl

m,~~nl

ilHOU>' 0'U>U> ',"N' 011l))' Dm,', m'il

36C,17 F (16:42) G

36C,18 B (6:19-20) D b'

Dboc 2e2 16:43 F

1V\V'

n:l

1m,,' 'l:l' tJ'm,Nil ,,\V ",\v 1m',' 'l:l ",\v tJ,n','

,''0 N:lm m':l nN ,,:l, ""

"'0 "'0 "'0

""

tJ'v'o\Vo, tJ'n,:lm V \V il' V'O\vil'

'0

:l,\v" m':l' \V'N tJVil " ""

"",

:lt)"

Gb'

Gbe2 86-87

36C,19 6:20

Db 87

162

CHAPTER TWO

n:l "0 N:lm

m':l~

:l,\V"

tJVil nN

n~\V',

,N'\v' "0 tJPil ':l'l ilO 'ONm 'il":lm "" nN'p, ,'N\v - mN'p, ,~O

':l') ilO 'ONm m":lm

mN'p~ ~'N\V

36C,20 6:20 B D boc2e2

D b' 87

36C,21 6:21 B D 88 36C,22 6:21 B D D O*

88

tJ"i"il ,m~ m7ll m7lil:> "'lV nmm~ 'l'V7 tJ"il il7ll ''\!)N tJ'i"il il7ll 'l'Vl il7ll tJ"i"il ,nN 'l'Vl il'O:>l tJ"i"il ,nN 'l'Vl tJ"lV' milON 'l'V7 il7ll' 'i"

1'lNO 'l ,nl ''\!)N i11il' 1"l 'l'1'i" i11il' 'l!)7 7:>'0 7N "" 'ON" 7:>70 7:>70

'"

1'lNO 'l ,nl ''\!)N ilm' "'\!)N

'OW,

'ni'n'\!), 7N''\!)' 7V i11il' tJV 7V "ll7 'mN n"~7 131'l 7':>0' "ll - lOV l'~il7 lOV l'~il7 lOV l'~il7 "ll 'l'1 i'n '\!), 131 'l 7:> Y.l1

LXXlLXXLuc explained n"~7 "to cornrnand" as ml~7 "to swell" - see Num. 5:22: 1" 7!)l7' l"l ml~7 "to swell beHy and to collapse thigh", the punishment rneted out to the cheating wife. Thus David's expansion - see 5:10: "And David grew continuously and the Lord God ofHosts (again mNl~!) with hirn - became the sweHing ofbelly and falling of thigh during his dancing. The law in Nurnbers was designed to explain how Michael, who is described as being childless until the day of her death, bore five sons to Adriel (21 :8). Michael's cheating was God-ordained; she lay with David's riyal in front of all Israel as punishment for his escapade with Bathsheva (12: 11-12). F or "in front of aH Israel" 7N''\!)' 7:> 'll cf. 'l'1N n'~7 7N''\!)' 7V i11il' tJV 7V "ll7. ml~7 "to swell" becarne l'~il7 KOTOOTTjOOI on the basis of 1 Sam. 13 :21: l'~il7' tJ'0"i'il7' where tJ'O"i'il7' "to the axes" there becarne tJ"i"7' "and to the dancers" here. MT: 'l'1N m~7 - conflation of 'nl~7 "to rny swelling" - places the punishment prescribed in Nurnbers on David. Josephus corrected the error about Michael's barrenness by adding a note about her five sons and connected all that childbearing ("sweHing ofthe belly") with David's prosperity ("swelling") byadding irnrnediately - also not in the Bible - "And the king saw God prospering hirn daily" (vii,89-90). 36C,23 6:21-22 B D 88

tJV' 1'l'Vl 7!)'\!) 'n'i11 nNTO 'l'Vl nNT:> nNT:> 'l'Vl' 1'l'Vl 7!)'\!) 'l'1"il l1NTO

,'V 'l'1'7m i11il' 'l!)7 'l'1'i'" 'l'17i'l'

,'V COLUMN

'l'1'i'"

36c (2

SAM.

7:1-10)

163

i1'il N" "'N'IV nl ":J'l:l'"

36C,24 B (6:22-23)

":J"l:l'" ":J"l:l'" 'l:Jnil" -

De2 Db

88-89

":J"l:l'" ":Jm

i11'" N"

O'll il'IVl:ln i11'" il'lN "'N'IV il"

'l:lN" l'lOl:l

1m ''lVN 'IV'N" ,N ,." ,,,.,

"l'N ",:Jl:l l'lO ''''Mlil mil" m'll l'lOl:l ,., n'lil

,"l:lil l'IV'

l'lO ''lVN

Dboc2e2

l'ltm ,., n'lil

D b' 17:1 F G

l'lOl:l ,., n'lil

90

mill:lNil ilnm 0" 'V ,." il"

36C,25 B (6:23) D 89 36C,26 7:1-2 B

i11l:JN Ol:lV n'l:lN ''lVN nml:lNil

'i1"

"" "" "" ""

l'IV' ''lVN:J l'IV' ''lVN:J l'IV' ''lVN:J

'l:lN"

36C,27 D (7:2) 17:1 F

Gb Ge2

l"N' O'T'N n'll l'IV" ':JlN Nl ilN' N'llil

O'i1'''Nil mil' mil' mil'

n~l n~l n~l

90 36C,28 B (7:2-3) D 17:1-2 F

il'IVV ,,, ,ll"l ''lVN ":J 1"l:lil "N il'IVV' il'IVV' -

90

36C,29 D (7:3-4) 17:2-3

-

i1lil i1lil i1lil

-

i1lil

l"Nm T'N 'nll l'IV" ':JlN

G

1'IV!lll ''IV!lll

1m 'l:lN"

"" "" ""

""

N'llil

92

CHAPTER TWO

1m" ,"l:lil

1ml l'IV" "ilNil mil' "ilN n,v',' nnn mv',' nnn mV"'il nnn "mN ,ml O''IV V~'i1

1m "N mil' ' l ' 'i1" NH1il il"'''l 'i1" ll:lV mil' ':J

,mN"

il'i1

N'llil

O'i1"Nil O'i1"Nil

O'i1"N

O'i1"N O'i1"Nil

Ge2 Gb

1m "N ,"l:lil

"" "" ""

F

164

':J

O'il"Nil

O'il"N

1m" O'il"Nil ' l '

Nmil il"'''l 'il"

36C,30 B (7:5)

n'l " illln MnNM mM' 'ON M:J MnN .N'

N'

Oe2

"

Ob'o

17:4 F

n'lM

Ob Oe2

N'

MnN N' MnN N' MnN N'

'1lV '1lV '1lV

"

'1lV

N'

:Q"~OO 'N'~' 'll nN tl"~OO

'n:J'MnM '~N ':Jl

P~Ol'

17:5-6 F

nl~'

'l 'l

,mNl ,'Mno M'i1N' i1TM O"M

M'O:JOl' 'MN'

LXXLuc-Chronicles: 'MN' 'MNl is

EV OKllVll EI5 OKETTll .

.2N'~' '''!l~0 'N'~' '''l~ 1nN nN 'n'l1 'l1M 'N'~'

36C,33 7:7 B

"l~

De2

"l~

ObOC2

"l~

17:6

1V' 1V 1V 1V 'V

p~om 'MN 'N 'MNO

o

o

ml~'

t]1'O' n'll 'nl~' N' ':J

m'VM 'n"VM m"VM

'MNl' P~Ol 'MNl P~Ol

o

F

n'ON

1'1'

m"VM '~N O"M 10 m"VM '~N O"M 10 m"VM '~N O"M 10

o

36C,32 B (7:6-7)

'1lV' -

n'l " illln MnN N'

92 36C,31 B (7:5-6) D 17:4-5 F

1"1 'N '1lV 'N n'ON' "

'''!l~

"l~

'N 'N 'N

'll ':Jl

O'im

''NN

"l~ ANcem Armenian and LXX at Chronicles and Coptic at Samuel support the doublet. The mem lacking at '''l~(O) provoked the addition '''!l~0 as explanation. For the connection between "l~ and 'n;,~ cf. above to line 22: m',~/'n'l~.

36C,34 B(7:7)

'.2 on'll N" MO' ,mN' 'N'~' nN 'OV nN

o

36C,35 (7:7-8, 17:6-7)

m',~ '~N

'n'ON

00 17:6 F

mv"

~

':J

mNl~ mM' 'ON i1:J " " , '1:1V' 'ONn M:J Mnv, O'T'N n'l

COLUMN

36c (2

SAM.

7:1-10)

165

36C,36 7:8 B D 17:7 F G 36C,37 (17:8) B (7:9) 36C,38 7:9-10 B D 17:8-9 F

Gb

Ge2

'N'lV'

,y 'l:lY ,y ")) ,y

TlPil' 1N~il ,nNO

"))' 1TlPil' "))' 1TlPil'

ilUil 10 1'Tlnp, ')N ilUO -

,nNO ',nN 10

"))'

"))'

'Tl'lVY' 1')!l0 1'l'N " 1'Tl'lVY'

TlN ilTl"N' Tl"il 'lVN " l 10Y il'ilN'

PTly\m 'N'lV" 'l:lY' o,po 'TlOlV' ,,'Nl ,,'Nil ,y ,,'Nil ,y

'N'lV' 'il'Tly"n 'N'lV' 'N'lV' 'N'lV' Tl'l,

,,,) OlV l' ,,,) OlV' -

,,'Nil ,y ,,'Nil ,y ,,'Nil ,y

'N'lV' 'Tl'l'

36C,39 7:10 B D bc2e2

m'lVN" ,TlUY, il"Y ')l m'lVN'l 'lVN' II m'lVN'o 'lVN' II m'lVN'O 'lVN'

DO

m'lVN'O 'lVN'

17:9 F G

m'lVN'l 'lVN' m'lVN'O 'lVN'

'lVN O"'lil OlV'

Hl'O' N" "Y Tl,' N" PTlnTl PlV'

"Y /'1'0' 11'0' 11'0' 1l

'Tl'l'

P'Y

1'1'0m II

~'OP

Column 37 (2 Sam. 7:11-8:9) Herbert, 255, Plate XXII The Samuel text is paralleled throughout the column by 1 Chron. 17:10-18:9. 1'l'N ''0 l' 'Tlmm 'N'lV' 'oy 'Y O'''!llV 'Tl"~ 'lVN OPil 10" 37,1 O'O'il1° B (7:11) O'l:l'il 1m D " TlN 'Tly),m 0'0'l:l" 17:10 " TlN 'Tly),m O'l:l'l:l" F 0'l:l'0" " TlN 'Tly),m G To eTa~a = 'T1"~ cf. Is. 38:1. Apparently he meant 'Tll~il "I set up". See to 36C, 22 and 33.

166

CHAPTER TWO

l1l:nv, 1'r.p u~'r.l' ':> jl'in ilHl'

37,2 7:11-12 B

il\vl" l1'l':> inil'

l'

"lin

" illll1 " illl' " illl'

Dboc2e2 l:>\v'

D b' 17: 10-11 F G 93

l'

l1:>"

n~,o

illl' l1'l' - 1ll" 10N l1'l illlN' - -

'l~n

-

l1mm 1'0' 'N'O' ':> il'i1'

1"lN' 1"lN'

'l1l':>in 1'l'OO N~' 1\VN 1'1nN 1l'1T l1N 'l10'i'in 1'l1lN l1N 37,3 il'i1' B (7:12) il'i1' D 'Ol' 1'llO il'i1' 17: 11 il'il' F il'i1' G 1'llO il'il' 1\VN 1'1nN 1l'1T l1N 'l10'i'in 93 Josephus identified 1+illlO with 1+'O'll+10: ysvea8al TOV vaov UITO TOU ITal005 TOU I-1ET aUTOV TllV ßaOlAslav ITapaAll~OI-1SVOU, that is, the "building" will be born by the offspring. Cf. 94: sm TCU TOl5 sYYOVOl5 aUTOU SyvcuKsval ... ton OIKOV. SK T1l5 KOlAla5 is 1l"lO, which Chronicles MT emended to 1'llO. 1'l'OO is conflation of1'00 "from your water" - cf. LXX at Num. 24:7: "A man will rise from his seed, and he will rule many nations" für MT: 'l'1n ""0 '0'0 'T' 'O'l1 'O'Ol. John 1: 15: 'lll' il'il '1nN Nlin "Hirn coming behind me was before me" supports Chronicles: 1'lllO il'i1' 1\VN 1'1nN 1l'1T (reading 1'lllO für 1'llO).

37,4 7:12-14 B

Dbe 2 D b'

DO C2

il'ilN 'lN 'O"l' 'l' l1'l " illl' N'il m:>,oo l1N 'N'O:> l1N 'l1ll:>' m:>,oo N'O:> 'o\v, '0 \V' 'O"l" 'O\V, 'lN' 'O"l" illl" 'lN' 'O"l" 'O\V' il'i1N' -

'0 \V'

17:11-13 b'

G 93

37,5 7: 14-15 B

'0

il'i1N

,m:>,o

'nm

'lN

):1" ,., i1'i1' N1i11 :IN" 1"

'm"Ui1 'WN:J ur.m '1U' N" '1um 01N 'l:l '»ll:l1 O'WlN ":lW:I 1'nmi11 m1»i1:1 'WN "UN

01N 'l:l '»)l:l1 O'WlN ":lW:I l'nn:Ji11 m1»i1:1 'WN

Db

"UN

01N 'l:l '»)l:l1 O'WlN ''':lW:I 1'nn:Ji11 m1»i1:1 'WN

Do c2e2

"UN

01N 'l:l '»)l:l1 O'WlN ":lW:I 1mn:Ji11 m1»i1:1 'WN

17:13 F G 93

1t.J»O "UN "UN "UN 11!l1W:l1 i1"nO:l l'nmi11 m1»i1:1

'WN

):1" ,., i1'i1' N1i11 :IN" 1"

COLUMN 37(2 SAM.

7:11-8:9)

167

37,6 7:15-16 B D 17:13-14 F

il'il' 'NO:l' 1')0'

tI"V 1V ,m,oo,

111'1

1m,oo,

111'1

1NO:l

1')0'

'lOO 'r110il 1\VNO tI'1Vil

'r1':I,Ol' 'r1'11 1i1'n10Vi11

1\VNO

111':1'01' 'r1'11 1i1'nlONi11

tI"Vil

"il

1\VNO

111':1'01' '11'11 'il'r110Vi11 Pil

1\VNO

,m:l'Ol' 'r1'11 'il'n10Vi11

1\VNO

Doc2e2

-

Db

1\VNO

111':1'01' '11'11 1i1'1110Vi11 "il

1m 'l' P ilTil 1nnil 7'" il7Nil tl"l'il 7"

37,7 (17:14-15) B (7:16-17)

1\VNO

'lOO '1110il 1\VNO

'lO'

Gb' Ge2

il'i1

1')0'0 'mOil 1\VN "N\v tJVO

'lO'

Gb

unn

37,8 (7:17, 17:15) 37,9 7:18

10Nl1

tl7l» tl7'V7 tl7'V7 tl7'Vil tl7'V7

,V l"l -

""7N

'm

illil' 'l'N 'lN "lN

'0

,nN" illil' 'l07 l~" "" 17nil N'l" 17n

D b'b* DO*

17: 16 tl'il7N F tl'il7Nil G tl'il7Nil l"N7 Nl" 94-95 tl'il7N7 m,m7' mnn~)i17 7n', "lO 7V 70" To Josephus: KaI rrEOWV ETTI rrpoowrrov TjPsaTO rrpOOKUVEIV Kat rrEpl rraVTWV EUXaPIOTEIV TW 8EW cf. Mat. 26:37,39: TjPXaTo AurrEI08at KaI aOTjIlOVEIV ... rrpoEA8wv IlIKpOV ETTEOEV ETTI rrpoowrrov aUTOU rrpoaeuxollEv05. 37,10 B (7:18-19) D 17: 16-17 F G 95

illil'

,'V

'l'N 1'l'Vl nNT l"pn, tl7il'V 'lnN'lil " 'n'l 1'l07 - "Vn l"PN' 'lnlilN 1')ll' "VO 'lnlilN

tl'il7N tl'il7Nil - 1'l07 tl'il7Nil illil' 1'l07

tl7W 'lnlilN 'lnlilN tl7'V tl7il 'V 'lnWlil "

LXXLuc at Samuel and LXXlLXXLuc at Chronicles have TaUTa, i.e. il7N, i.e. "God", for MT at Samuel/Chronicles: nNT, showing that they-interpreted the text as Mat. 26:39 cited above. Behind KaI EOIlIKPUv8Tj/ KaI KaTEOlllKpuvTal is "vn', as at 1 Chron. 16: 19 (36B,32-33), which stands for ,vn', "and he stumbled" in the sentence reconstructed: "And he stumbled a little, God, before you, Lord God", which is paraphrased at Mat. 26:39: "And he advanced a little and fell on his face and prayed". To KaI KaTEOIlIKpUv8TjV IlIKpOV EVWTTlOV oou cf. Hebrews 2:7: TjAaTTwOa5 aUTOV ßpaxu TI rrap aYYEAOU5. For the supplementary verb: "and he began" at both Josephus and Matthew cf. 2 Sam. 7:2911 Chron. 17:27: 7Nm/n7N'il apscxl/TjPSCXI "begin (to bless)!" 7Nil/7nil is a theophore with following verb in the infinitive: "God grieved and ... " (Matthew), 168

CHAPTER TWO

"God worshipped and ... : (Josephus). At line 24 q.v. ßpcxxu transcribed 11l "bless" is connected to 7NUl/lmil. For 1'l = 1mTl'l>il "do obeisance" see 14:22: 17r.1il TIN 1'l" "nTl'l>". il7Vl'Jil 01Nil ,m:J 'ln'N" pm'l'J7 11lV TI'l 7V Ol 'l1m TI,m TlNn 7N TI,m TlNn TI,m TlNT

37,11 7:19 B D 17:17 F Gb Ge2

'lnl'J'il1 01N TI"TI:J 'lnl'J'il1 01N TI,m:J

il:J

'lnl'J'il1 01N TI',TI:J TI'N"

il:J

Cf. Hosea 12: 11: ill'J1N O'N'llil 1'l' 'TI'l'il 1un ':JlN', where LXX has opcxaelS' for 1un. To 0pcxO\S' (LXXe2: OPCXOEIS') at 1 Chronicles cf. Syriac: NTI"'N (il,m "law"), which became here mN' - see Eccl. 5: 10: l"'l>:J ill'J1 "PV mN' ON ':J il'7Vl7. ,m:J is GreekiHebrew for wj turoj "as Tyre", and for 01Nil read O'N "Syria" or 0PCX\.lCX "vision", and see under to line 33. 37,12 7:19-20 B D 17:17-18 F G

95

TIN 1'l:J7 1'7N 'l17 1"1 1'V 1'1'0" ill'J1 O'il17N il1il' 'l1N

1'V 1" 1'V 1"1 1'V 1"1

11'l:J7 1'l:J7

37,13 1l7:J' 7:20-21 B TI''l>V 11lV D

1'7N ill'J ill'J O'il7Nil ill'J O'il7Nil

1'l1 "lVl il1il' 'l1N 11lV TIN TlV1' ilTlN'

11lV

ilTlN ilTlV' TlV1' 11lV TIN ilTlN ilTlV' TlV1' 11lV TIN TlV1' 11lV TIN

TI''l>V 11lV "lVl'

17: 18-19 11lV F G 11lV - TlV1' 11lV TIN To the LXXLuc doublet on 11lV/1'l1 see to 43,13. 37,14 7:21-22 B

'\vN ~:ll 1Tl~1T tJ'i11'N I'N' 1'0:l I'N

ilm' ':l tJ'il'N

il'1lil ,:l TlN Tl'\VV Tl'1l p,v 11lV TlN 1'1l' "lVl 11lV m~

V'1m, V'1m,

TlNTil

':l

'l1N

Db'o

':l

i11il' 'l1N 1~1l~ "lVl 11lV TIN V'1'il' TlNTil

Db

':l

i11il' 'l1N 1~1l' "lVl 11lV TlN

V'1m,

TlNTil 1Tl'1l

DC2 De2

':l

i11il' 'l1N 1'1l' "lVl11lV TlN

V'1m,

TlNTil1n'1l

':l

ilH1' 'l1N 1'1l' "lVl 11lV nN

V'1m,

TlNTil 1Tli'1::i

17:19-20 F

G

Tl"1m ,:l n"1lil ,:l

TlNTil

TlN V'1il' TlNTil nN

V'1m,

COLUMN

TlNTil

37 (2

SAM.

7: 11-8:9)

169

37,15 7:22-23 B

Doc2e2 Db 17:20-21 F G

37,16 7:23 B

,V

,nN m f'Ni1 f'Nl f'Nl - ,nN f'Nl - ,nN f'Nl -,nN

tJ'i1 '\vN

,,',m ,,',m ,,',m "i1 ,,',m

f'Nl D'Ul

"'"i1

~>1l' nlN1l' n"'l 1::i1N'

"l'

DO

nl\VV'

De2 Dbc2

1\V1l'

nl\VV'

1\V1l'

n,\Vv,

17:21 N1m

37, 19 7:25 B D 17:23 F

tJ'm'N

nm"

tJ'il'N nl\VV'

37,18 7:24-25 B D 17:22-23 F G

tJv' "

nl\vV" tJ\V " tJ,\V"

1\V1l'

37,17 7:23-24 B D 17:21-22 F G

'N'\v' 'N'\v' 'N'\v' Dl" 'N'\v' l'N' 'N'\v' l'N' 'N'\v'

il'''lil tJ"

1\V1l'

F G Gb

,w

'N'\v" ,nl" m, U'lTNl ul'n\V

,m

- 1r.,,\V' - 10'\v' - 10'\v' - 10'\v'

l'

tJv

tJ'il'Nil

tJv

1mll'

tJv

1mll'

l'

tJv tJv

tJ,\V, tJ,\V,

'N1\v'

tJ'il'Nil tJ'il'Nil tJ'il'Nil

tJv

tJ'il'Nil

N1m ,"l

tJ,\V,

''il'N' tJv

tJ'il'N 1'il 1\VN

N1m '''l

tJ,\V,

Pil'N' tJv

tJ'il'N 1'il 1\VN

'N'\v' ,nl' nN

tJ'il'Nil

lnm D'~i1N' D"U D',~nn ,~ n"!:l '\vN ,nl' 'l!:ln " 11"n, Pi1'N'

" 11"m " ll"m

mi1' 'l'N i1nl" D'm~N~ Di1~ n"i1 mi1' i1nN' D~'l' 'l' Dl" D'i1~N

TI

D'i1~N~

Dl' Dm'N'

'\vN' i1\vV'

Dl' Dl'

O~'~il 1V Nl Oi'il 1n'l ~V, nlV ~v n1l1 '\vN 'l1il' O~'V

ilnv, ~N'\V' 'il~N n'Nl~ il1il' '\vN:"

G

O,'V

-

lON 1n'l' lON'

O~'V

-

lON'

O,'V O"V

-

lON'

'l1

'N ~N

For the added Nl - to push the lamed shaft of D~'l'i1 left - see 17 :23 LXXi.

170

'il'N

CHAPTER TWO

1'l1 1'l1

7N'\!)' 7Y tJli117N n1N:1:::1

37,20 7:25-26 B D bc2e2

7il' 7il' ;,nYl ;,\!)Y

tl';'7N;, tlli17N;'

DO 17:23-24

F G e2

Gb G

7N'\!)'7 tlli17N

li17N

7N'\!)'7 tl';'7N

li17N ';'7N

7N'\!)'7 tl';'7N

';'7N

37,21 7:26-27 B D 17:24-25 F G

lY.lN'l ;,li1' lY.lN'l lY.lN' tl7V;'

lY.lN'

"N'~' 'il1"N n1N:1:lr il1il' ilnN " 1'l!l" l"l 1"1 11:1V n':1' 'i1"N il'i1' il'i1' 'i1"N

1'l!l" l"l

37,22 7:27 B

7il' ;,nYl ;'\!)V

i11;,'

li17N

7N'\!)'7 tl';'7N

b'

n1:1i

tl71Y iY lY.l\!) 7il'l

'HlN7

;'';1'

tl';'7N

,:1, l1N TI:1V N~t.l

"'lmn,

P 'V l1':1 "

11:1V 1'" 11:1V 1"1 11:1V 1'" 11:1V n':1' 11:1V lTN l1N nl1"~

l11J:1'

" ill:1N l1':1 't.lN'

DboC2

D'n'N:1

" ill:1N l1':1 't.lN' " ill:1N l1':1 't.lN'

De2

Dm'N:1

" ill:1N l1':1 't.lN'

- 1JTN

17:25 F G

l1nl1!)

Dboc2e2

":11' 1":11' 1":11' 1":11'

D b'

1":1" D'i1'Nil

37,23 7:27-28 B

D'i1'''Nil Nm ilnN il1il' nnv, nNTil il"!lnil nN 1'''N D'i1"Nil 'l1N Dm"Nil 'l1N D'i1"Nil 'l1N 'liN

"lil

17:25-26 F Gb

D'i1"Nil D'i1"N D'il"Nil

- 1'l!l" - 1'l!l" - 1'l!l"

G e2

D'i1"N

-

1'l!l"

LXXb'-Samuel: EUXTlV '1l instead of rrpooEuXTlV il"!ln. The one-toone word correspondence at LXXlLXXLuc : ou EI for N'il ilnN is deceptive, because EI or another form of EIVai often appears as supplement without Hebrew referent. Cf. LXX/LXX Luc : ou EI aUTOS". See 7:29 (line 25): 'l1N ilnN " = (LXX) OTI OU EI KUPIE !JOU.

COLUMN

37(2 SAM. 7:11-8:9)

171

nON il'i1' 37,24 "l' 'N'il iln)n nNTil illlUil ':J nN "l» 'N 'l'n1 Pil' 7:28-29 ,nil Pil' B ,nil Pil' ,» n'l' '\vN:J D 17:26-27 1'l' n'N'il F 1'l' ,nil G 1'l' ,nil Armenian, Coptic and Ethiopian have ':J before illl'Oil. For 'Nm = apsm and 1'l = ßpaxu "a little" see above to lines 9-10.

,»

,»

,n:J'101 n'l' i11il' 'l'N ilnN ':J 1'lO' 0"»' npil' "l» n'l nN il:J' lil 01 1'lO1 n:J'l 1'l' n:J'l "l" n:J'l

37,25 B (7:29) 17:27 F G

0"»' TIl» n'l,'l'

37,26 (7:29) 17:27 F G

n1mJNmnO nN np', O»'l:J" o"n\V,o nN ,'n 1" 1:1 ',nN 'il" 8: 1 ilONil mo ", B n\V,mr.m "" o'n\V,oil D n\V,mr.m ,'n om\V,oil il:Jil 18: 1 il'nll' m F il'nll' m om\V,oil G il'nll' m om\V,oil 96-98 lno nN np', om\V,oil nN 1" P ',nN 'il" LXX!LXX Luc : acupIOI-IEVT]V agree with 4QSama in not dividing mo from n1ilONil and interpreted the conglomerate in the sense "the slave-girl", i.e. Hagar, who was "cast out" by Abraham. See Gen. 21: 10: \v'l Oil'lN' 'ONn1 'll 0» nNTil ilONil 1l \V," N' ':J illl nN' nNTil ilONil. LXXlLXXLuc interpreted n1ilONmnO as short for n1ilONil n1\v'lno "expelled, the 37,27

slavegirls", which it abbreviated to "the expelled". Chronicles reduced even further to m, divorce document, which it pluralized via the gloss il'nll'. Josephus transcribed mo with I-IETT]yaYE: ETTI TOU5 I-lcuaßITcx5 TOV rroAEI-I0V UETuyaYE. See to 30,5. 37,28 8:1-2 B D 18:1-2 F

1" o"n\V,o,m 0"01 Y'Nl ~l:J\Vil 'lnl 0"0" lN1lJ nN "0" il~'N On1N l:J\Vil o"lnl 'il" il~'N "" om\V,oil 'il" il~'N "" o'n\V,oil

G 98

172

CHAPTER TWO

Om'lN1lJil nN 1"

""2

37,29 8:2 B D bc2e2

lH1r.l Pi1', n1,"i1' '~"~i1 'lni1 H'r.n n'r.m' D"ln 'l~ mn1 D"lni1 mn1 i1'ni1 D"lni1 'l~' D"lni1 'i1n1 i1'ni1 'ln '~"~i1 D"lni1 lHn 'i1n1 i1'ni1 'ln '~"~i1 mn, i1'ni1 'ln '~"~i1 D"ln

D b'

DO

D"lV D"lV 'lV

18:2 F

o

98

'i1n1 Pi'"

'l~l

np, ,n' mn n'Oi1

DHl~

'p,n

'l~'

LXXlLXXLuc-Samuel: eSwYPllOEV apparently intends e~llyelpev - see Is. 38:16: 1n" m, KaI e~llyelpa5 \lOU TllV TTVOllV. But Josephus translated eSwYPlloev literally with alX\la"WTOV e"aße. i1l'~

37,30 B (8:2-3) Do e2

D bc2 18:2-3 F Ob

"n ln1 )l 'TV"i1 nH "" ", i1mn 'H~l D"lV' 'TV"i1 ~n1 'TV"li1 ~n1 'TV"i1

- - 'TV"i1 - - 'TV"i1 - - 'TV"li1 1HO'~ "n i1,n II 'TV"i1 nH

Oe2

98-99

nVl~'

l:J' t)'H

Vl~'

-

", i1mn

18:3-4 F Ob

"" ':J'" n,o ,ml unn ", unn ,mi1 unn ,m n,o unn ,m n,o unn DlY.ln ,m ,m "" unn

Ge2

'1"'1 iIf

37,31 8:3-4 B D bc2e2

DO

99

D'~'O

D'O'H

n~nm

"l' ~'H D"~V

'H~l

D"lV'

", l'~i1' m:J'l i1nnn

'V 'V 'V 'V 'V 1m ,V n'n', ,m n,o 'V

l'~i1'

",i1 nnn

At the end ofverse 3 (middle ofthe line), the Keri adds n,o.

37,32 8:4 F(18:4)

l:J'i1 ,,:J nH "" 'pV" "l' ~'H ~'H D"~V' D'~'O D'O,H n1Hn

99

l:J'i1 l" nH

o

,pv',

D''O''O D''O''O l:J' ~'H unn ':J'"

COLUMN

37(2

SAM.

7:11-8:9)

173

37,33 8:4-5 B D boC2

n:ml ,"l:l 'TV11n" ,nv" i''lVl:l'1 O'N N'lm l:J' nNl:l Ul:ll:l

D e2 18:4-5 F G

,.,

i''lVl:l1 'TV'1n" i''lVl:l1l:l 'TV'1n" i11'~l i''lVl:l1l:l

Oll:ll:l ,.,

'TV'1ln" n"~l i''lVl:l1l:l

Oll:ll:l ,.,

-

,m.!!

Nl"

'TV'1n" i''lVl:l1l:l Oll:ll:l 'TV'1n" i''lVl:l1l:l Oll:ll:l 99-100 'TV'1n" ,nv" i''lVl:l1 O'N Nl" l:J' nNl:l ,., 'TV111nn ,nv" i''lVl:l'1 O'N N'lm is abbreviated to the point of meaninglessness, and the versions battle each other over fine points in what' s left. MT-Sam.: 'TVlln, 'TV" O'N Nlm B: Kat rrapaYIVETat oupla oa\JaOKou ß01l8110at TUJ aopaal;ap D: Kat rrapaYIVETat OupOS EK oa\JaOKou ß01l8Ela TUJ a(v)opaal;ap MT -Chron.: 'TV11n" ,nv" i''lVl:l'1 O'N Nl" F: Kat llA8EV OupOS EK oa\JOKou ßOllell0at aopaal;ap G: Kat llAeEV OupOS EK oa\JOKou ßOllell0at TUJ aopaal;ap The points at issue are: 1) Who came? a man? Syria? 2) Where did he/they come? to Damascus? From Damascus? LXX-Samuel: oupla oa\JaoKou is "Syria from Damascus", not Syria ofDamascus", which is expressed EV oupla Tll KaTa oa\JaoKov at lines 34-35. The distinction between ,r~lh~ = TUPOS "Tyre" and O'N = ouposloupla "Syria" collapsed here because O'N "Syria" was confused with 01N "man" and with opa\Ja "vision", and thus 7: 19 (line 11 above): 01Nn 'U1:J took force. Thus "to help Hadadazar" 'TV11n" 'TV" became ,nv" 11n" ,nN" "to the region ofHadad to help". 01N split into two: "man" and "Syria", and out of that split "man" split to Hadadazar and Hadad, and Syria split to ,,~, that is the city ,'v and thus 'TV "help", and to region ,nN, which is also ,nv "help". Thus the fuH text replete with doublets was: 01N Nl" 'TV11n" ,nv" 11V" i''lVl:l1'' ,nv" i''lVl:l1 ,nN" O'N "And a man came to Syria to the region ofDamascus to help Damascus to encourage, to help Hadadazar, king of Suba". This interpretation is supported by 8: 10 (38,2-3): nmn"l:l 'IV'N ':J 'TV11n n'i1 ,vn, which implies that "Hadadazar" is both person-name and designation for Syria - read for nmn"l:l "wars" O'1V "cities" (ITOAEUJV for rroAE\JUJv) and 01N for 'IV'N to get "because a man/Syria of cities was Hadadazar". For the exchange nmn"l:l/o',V and the deletion of ,vn as gloss (so Josephus) see line 39. Josephus distinguished between Hadad and Hadadazar"Hadad, king of Damascus and Syria heard that David made war on Hadadazar" - and drew the two passages together by adding the note "Because he (Adad) was a friend of David", which paraHels 8: 10: "Because they were enemies". Cf. Luke 23:12: "Herod and Pilate were friends at this time because formerly they were at odds". The equation Herod with Hadad (1,nh1n) and Hadadazar with Pilate produces the following explanation on the part of the author of Luke: Hadadazar, formerly Adad king ofSyria's friend, fell out with hirn and became a refugee ('''''0 thus "Pilate" at Luke) and established his rule in the

,m',

°

Syrian city Suba. LXX Luc -Samuel: ß01l8E I a = n"~l (instead of ß01l811oa I = ,nv") is based on 1 Chron. 12:17: 1"1" 1~l:l" 1V mm', ll:l'll 'llll:l 'Nl" Kat llA80v arro TUJV UIUJV ßEVla\JIV Kat louoa EIS ß01l8Elav TOU oaulo. LXX Luc confused m'~l:l "citadel" with i11'~l "fortified" and thus n"~l "in Syria".

174

CHAPTER TWO

O'Nl O'l~l

37,34 8:5-6 B D 18:5-6 F G 100, 104

O'l'IV

l'~l

l'~l

l'~l

l"Nl

O'l~l

O'IV" 'IV'N ~"N

o "lV" O'1lV" O"lV"

i1nm 'N'lVll

.,V

"N

l'i1 ''lVN li1Ti1 ''''''IV nN i1'IVV

nl'V~N

D

'11"

O"lV" O"lV"

"" "" O"'lVV O'Nl "" 1" O'N

"11 np', 1"i1 ''lVN ""l "" '11

nl'V~N

n"'D n"'D l'i1 ''lVN li1Ti1 ''''''IV nN

"v

XAI nN1 nl1~ '70 1t))1'il

De2

O'PIV11V

-

onp'1-

01N'l'1 O'n01n nN1 lntl'! 'lltJ 7:> nN1 nl1~ '70 1t))1'il

Db 18:7 F G

O'PIV11V

-

onp'1-

01N'l'1 O'n011

104-105

"l))

lntl'! l))0 7:> nN1 nl1~ '70 1t))1,n

ON'l'1 1t))1,n

ON'l'1

1t))1,n

ON'l'1 '70 PIV11V

onp'1

071V11'

ON'l'1

PIVli1 7:> nN1 01N '70 111'1

'1l))

Also OL has the additional text (P'IV''IV l' ',nN np., OnlN), which partially echoes 4QSama,s addition OnlN Ol. Lines 36-37 play on ""'IV, i1V'O and postea (l' ',nN). For ""'IV = q,OPETPO, as Josephus translated, see Ez. 27: 11 and Jer. 51 (28): 11. i1V'O is restored at line end at the place where OL has postea - cf. Coptic which has "Pharaoh" instead of"Shishak". LXX Luc at 8:7 explained the problematic o''''''IV by adding a clause which named them OTTAO "weapons" and connected them to o'nD', which often appear coupled to "shields" (nll~ or omD). See to 31,6. LXX-Sam.: STTI TUJV TTatOUJV TUJV at line begin ('TV"i1 1'IVN O"lVi1 "V) corrects 10: 19: "lV O""Di1 ." 'N1" 'TV"i1 "And all the kings, servants of Hadadazar, saw ... " to O""Di1'" 'N1"

COLUMN

37 (2 SAM. 7:11-8:9)

175

'TV"il "lV 'lVN "And all the kings who served Hadadazar saw ... ".

37,38 8:7-8 B

nUlO1

'11'lO1

m:",lV 1l tJVln1 'r.:Pl tJ"lV'" 'N ,m'Vl tJ"~O

" " ,'Oil np, nllVOO1 UJm,lV

tJVl" '11'lO

D bc 2

nlUOO1 UHO'lV

DO De2

nl'UOO UJ'O'lV

18:7-8

nnlU01

F G 105

ilnlUOO1 nlU01 nUlO1

37,39 8:8-9 B

nllOO1 UJ'O'lV

il'Ul'

"0

1,:m,

,vn

1,;:m, Ul

1l tJVl'

'O'l tJ'lV'"

VOlV" 'NO ill' nlV,m " " ,'Oil np, 'TV"il

,m'Vl tJ"~O '11'lO

'1V

ill'il nlVm ,,,

-

De2

lN"N

'TV"il 'TV"Jil

D bc 2

lN"N

'TV"il

D b'

tJV"N

'TV"il

DO

TV"il nlVm

18:8-9 F Gb'b*

vm il,n

'TV"il

Ge2

vm

1TV"il

"0

'TV"il nmn,o

105-1 07 VOlV" 'NO ill1 nlVm np, 'TV"il '1V The following text appears between 'NO and VOlV" except in MT-Sarnuel: 'C',:m " nN' 'C'''''il nN1 'C'11O»il mn mVnJil 'C' nN lHJ1'\v il\V» ilJ n\Vnlil ", " nN' 'C""'il nN1 D'11O»il l1N' l1\Vnlil '0' l1N lr.n'\V il\V» ilJ l1\Vnlil -'" " l1N' D""'il l1N' D'11O»il l1N' l1\Vnlil '0' l1N 17J'\v il\V» ilJ

B D

Db

18:8-9 F G 106

]1\vnm ", l1\VnJil ", l1\Vnlil ",

m·n tI"'7JVil l1N' l1\Vnlil tI' l1N ilO'\v ilU>)> ilJ l1N' D'11O»il l1N' l1\Vnlil '0' l1N lm,,\V il\VV m7J7J l1N' D"1O»il l1N' l1\VnJil '0' l1N lm,\V il\V» m7J7J D'''''il l1N1 D'il l1N P7J,,\v il\V» m7JO

Colurnn 38 (2 Sam. 8:9-10:6) Herbert, 256, Plate XXIII

2 Sam. 8:9-18 (lines 1-11) are paralleled at 1 Chron. 18:9-17. 2 Sam. 10:1-6 (lines 32-39) is paraUeled at 1 Chron. 19:1-6. The list ofDavid's court functionaries at lines 9-12 appears either in whole or in part three additional tirnes in scripture: at 2 Sam. 20:23-25, 1 Kings 2:46h (LXX!LXX Luc) and 1 Kings 4:2-6.

176

CHAPTER TWO

A

2 Sam. 8/ I Chron.18

2 Sam. 20:2325

I Kings 2:46h

1 Kings 4:2-6 MT

1 Kings 4:2-6 LXX

i"11:::1

A: ,j'N lN"1 'N1\v' Nl:::lil

F:

lN1' Il 'lN1 Nl:::lil

D:

H:

E: p. N\Vl1 1'jm tJ,n'nN

C: p. "!l\V1il' 1'jmil '1''nN

C: p. 'O!l\V1il' 1'jm "''nN

E:

1n'lN1 i'1':::11 tJ'lilj

D:

B:

B: II il'nN1 1)"N1 tJ'1!l"O Nl\V

p. lN"1 Nl:::lil

,V

B

P. "!l\v1i1'1 1'jTO '1''nN

C

P.

i'1':::11 l1"'nN P. "o'nN1 tJ'lilj 1n'lN 1!l1"O il'1\v1

D

P. 1i1'll1 m1ji11 V"1i1' 'n'!li11

E* F

D: p. "!l\v1i1'1 1'jmil '1''nN

,V

F:

i'1':::11 tJ'li1j 1n'lN1

E:

1!l"O N'\v1

B: p. il'll1

,V

D:

1!l1"O Nl1:::11

H: p. il'll1 '1 j il ,V V'P

A: p. P1TV

A:

liljil i'1':::1

l mil

C: "OOil

,V tJ1'N1

G: p. il1'nN1 'V'N1'N n1N\VOil

C:

P.

'Vll1

p. 1il'll1

i'1':::1

P. H"1TV

'V

I:

'v H: 'v

N1lV

p. '1lT1

p. tJ1'l'N1

"OOil

101'N1

1\V'nN1

n'lil

B: p. Pl1N1

F: 1m p. 1i1'1TV1

tJ'l:::llil 1\V

tJ'l:::llil

1m

I)\V Il l"N1

1n'lN1 i'1':::11 tJ'lilj

A:

i'1':::1 Il W1TV

lmil

G: lilj 1m ,'Oil ilV1

1n'l

m,ji11 l'V1' nl' ''''!li11

,V

V,1i1' Nl:::lil

G:

,,,,

LXX Luc)

D:

,v

NlNil

il'nN1 1)1n"N tJ'1!l"O N\v'\V 'll

pm'!lil 'V1

N1'V tJl1 1m il'il '1N'il

E*(LXXI

,V

'1jil V"1il' m'!lil 'V1

tJ'lm '1' 'll1 "il

P. 1il'll1

V'1il' Nl:::lil

,V

F: 1m p. n1lT1 ,'Oil ilV1

I: Il tJ1'l11N1 "OOil N1!lV

'v G: 'v E: 1m 'v

n'lil'V 'nN1 n'lil i"'N1 Il il'l1N1

tJ'l:::llil

I: 1m p. 11m1 l'VPil

The chart is not complete - the variants to the text of 2 Sam. 8 appear under at lines 912 - but rather shows the different order in the lists and the style of the disagreements between them - cf. e.g. the penultimate entry in the last two columns: n'lil'n> , 'I>'mn against n'lil mN', i.e. "And Achisar over the house" against "And Achi (prince) over the house" = "And Achi over the house". Josephus, 110 followed the list at 2 Sam.81 1 Chron. 18 in content and order, using N'I>''I> from 1 Kings instead of il"'I> at D and adding "r.lil ilY' after ,n'lN at C. 'n'!lm '"m became in Josephus TTJv TCUV oUJ\JCXTO m1N

D\!>" I'J'N

'):1

il'm1N '):1 :1'~l

il'0'1N:1

D':1~l D\!> il'm1N '):1

il'm1N:1 1"1

Pil"

ilnm 'N\!>l 1n, D'1:1V

38,8 8: 14-15 B D F (18:13-14) 110 38,9 (18:14-15) B (8:15-16) 20:23 N

o

Pil"

,n

JJOV:1 :1'~l

D':1~l D\!> il'0'1N ,):1,

'il" 'N''IV' "

'V'", "ll"

"il ''lVN ":J "" nN mil'

'i1"

,V il"'~

N:J~il

'N''IV' 'N''IV' 'N'\v'

"

apXIOTpaTT]YOS

Qb

apXIOTpaTT]YOS

Qoc2e2

apXIOTpaTT]YOS

S T 110

1:J :JN'" mv '"

" ,V

" 'N " 'N

P

N:J~il

:JN"

'V"

:JN" V"'il'

,v 'V"

D bc 2e2

DO 18:15-16 F Ge2 20:24-25 N

O'l:J' - :JN'" nllN '"

,',m ,V

o

p

,',mil

T C2

CHAPTER TWO

'OV

ili"~' "!l'IVll il'IVV

ilmN

,',mil

TO

"!l\Vll il'IVV

",mN 1:1 "!l'IV'il" nm"m il'nN nm"m ,V :JVlmN nm"m ,V :JVl'n'IV

,'O':JN'

Q 4:3 S Tb

ili"~'

':JN' :J"N' :J"N' 'il'l:J'

1:J "llmN' :J",mN 1:1 i"'~'

38,10 B (8:16-17)

T e2 110

I'J'N

""

R (4:4)

180

D'1N:1

D':1~l D':1~l

",'n m,mN v,nnN 'O,n'nN 'O,nmN

1!l'IV' N'IV:J' i',:J, "!l'IVm' n!l'IV'il" "!l'IV'il'

,',mN "nN 'O,nnN 'Ov,nmN 'O,,,nN i"'~ nN Onl!l n':Jll 'O'IV" "nN 1:1 "!l'IVm' nN 'O'IV nm"m

,V'

181

(9:01-6:8 'v-Jvs ZJ8f NY\I010J

NU,U SdUql~d

S! (\crJ.lx>r1lllu1011fi (\crJ.l 1113 X>13Xx> ::mlXX'l /XX'l :(01 ~U!I Ol)

lttü UI:U",Q tKtl a\OL., L.Na\ = (\crJ:>IX)'{fiq,O.lx>r1crJo la\,a\N CllGL. ltt,U

tl 4l~1.

lN,U

lNC"t

lNt,UL.

lNU,U

lNC"t

lNt,UL.

lNt,UL. lNt,UL.

a\GC\4 ClGL.,a ltt,Cl

4l~1.

ltt,Cl

la\la\N

lNt,UL.

ltC,Cl

la\la\N

lNt,UL.

ltt,U ltt,U

ll\ltN

la\la\N

:snqd~sof 1Oi[

4l~1.

ltt,Cl

a\Ga

,ll.~

lt,t,Cl

la\la\N

lNt,UL. lNt,UL. lNt,UL.

Oll ,ql z,;)l

a\OL., L.Na\ uoc,L

a\Ga ClGL.,a ltt,Cl 4l~1. lNC"t lNU,U lNC,'~ lNU,U tl a\tN ClGL.,a NC"UL.lJ lNU,U tt, a\,a\N ClGL.,a ltt,Ul tl ,UUl,l.~

lNt,UL.

4l1.,

ltt,Cl la\la\N l,a\lCl UCllGL. ltt,Cl ltt,U

lNt,UL.

z:loql S

17-(:17

0

olXdo'(110 5U.L l~C,

,ll.~

d

olXdo'(110 5U.L l~C,

4l1.~

,lI.

UGc,tU,

4l1.,

UGc,tU, UGc,tU, UGc,tU, UCC,U, UCL.,

NU,C,lU

la\,N

ucut,a

4l~1.

ltt,Cl

ltt,Cl

la\la\N

Na\L.

4l~1.

4l~cl

4l~1.

la\L.,Cl

4l~cl

4lNC,

la\L.,Cl

Z:lO

l0 r1'lO ,nni'" (LXX/LXXOC2: 'l',O, LXXb : 'l"O, LXXe2: "l,O; LXXlLXX Luc : ,'n). LXXchx and Coptic agree with the restoration.

'N'OV II

38,19 B (9:6-7)

'ON" 11lV mn 'ON"

D

114

'ON"

38,20 D (9:7) 114 38,21 B (9:7)

r1'IVl'!:lO "" 'ON" ,nr1'IV" "1!:l r1'IVl!:lOO " " 'Vl'!:lOO " " ,nr1'IV" Pl!:l

,V ,V

1J'1l,n' "lVl ,tm 'OV n'IVVN n'IVV ':> N"r1 ,N

,'n "

N,m,N

,n "

,ov,tm

,V on, ':>~r1 nr1N' 1'lN

,'N'IV i11'IV ,,:> r1N " ml'IVi11 "lN lN

DO

"'IV

D bc2 -

De2 114

n'i1r1

-

,:>Nr1 'ON" " n'i1 ''lVN ,:> r1N' ,'N'IV r1'l

r1N', l''IV''

LXX: DU aYTJ apTOV; LXXO: DU ea81E; LXX bC2: Duvea8lE; LXXe2: DuveaOIE.

38,22 B (9:7-8) D 114-115 38,23 B (9:8-9) D boC2

r10n l,:>n 'N r1'1!:l ':> 11lV

,V

'V

mr1'IV" ,'Or1 'm,,'IV no 'ON" 'lN '0 r1'IVl!:lOO 'lN '0

"

"

,:> P'N 'ON" "N'IV 'Vl Nl':ll'N r1N

De2 115

38,24 D (9:9-10) 115

,:> "

'ON"

Nl':ll'

mr1'IV" ,'Or1

m~

"on N'i'" '1m:> ''lVN

"" ""

'lm:> N'i'"

nO'Nn r1~ "r1'lV' ,'l'N ll, mJ'1l 'r1'l ,:>" "~'IV' n'i1 1'IV~ ,:>, nO'Nn r1N

r1'lV'

ll' mJ'1l 111'l'

COLUMN

"N'IV' n'i1 1'IVN

38(2

SAM.

8:9-10:6)

183

n\!)l'!m,

38,25 9:10 B D 115

":JN' on, 1'l'N ll'

n'm n\!)l!mm on, ':JN' 'Vl'!mm n'l' O,\!)"" nN'lnn nN nNlm

,\!)V n\!)on Nl'~" 'ln,,\!) ,von, ,'on ':JN' ,'l'N II n,\!)v,

38,26 B (9:10) D boc2e 2

i11\!)V'

n,\!)v, ,\!)V n\!)on

Db' 115

m~'

38,27

D boc2e2 (9:10-11)

Nl'~"

DO C2

De2 Db 116 38,29 B (9:11-12) Do c2e2

Db 116 38,30 B (9:12-13) D

184

CHAPTER TWO

,'on ':JN"

Nl'~

'ON" O"lV O',\!)V, O'll

Nl'~

'ON" O"lV O',\!)V, O'll

'ln'\!) ,V ':JN n\!)l'!)m 11lV n\!)v' P "lV nN "on 'l'N n\!)l!)Om 1,on ln,\!) 'Vl'!)Om "on ln,\!) 'Vl'!)Om ln,\!) 'Vl'!)Om n\!)VN P "on OV ':JN" O'\!)"ll\!)' lnl,n' ll'

,'n ln,\!)

l\!)m "" N:Jm m\!), lUv II n\!)l'!)O" 1,on 'llO ,nN:J 'l\!)m n\!)l!)OO" PllO 'Vl'!)OO" 'Vl'!)OO" P:J'O m\!), lUv II '" "on 'llO ,nN:J ln,\!)

,V ':J O'\!)"'l l\!)'

n\!)l'!)m n\!)l'!)O' O'1:1V Nl'~ n'l n\!)l!)Om n\!)l!)OO "lV n'l 'Vl'!)Om 'Vl'!)OO'

P'l' 'n\!) nt>!) N,m

38,31 B (9:13) D

38,32 B (10:1-2) D 19: 1-2 F G 117

'ln,,\!) 'V

'\!)N ':J:J 1,on 'N ':J

D b' 115-116

38,28 B(9:11)

nNlm 1"lV' 1'll' nnN

':JN N,n ,'on "on ,mn

n\!)VN "" ,mPl pnnn Ul

1un ul1un pnnn

1'r.", 1mv 'll "0

mo', P

',m~

\!)nl pn no pn \!)nl pnnn Ul lun "0" omlOvn 1'0 \!)nl no', P ',nN

'n'l

'i1"

1nnl,

38,33 10:2 B D 19:2 F

"1lV 1'l

'1VN' '10V 10n

''ilV 1'l 1"1 tJ"N'O pn 'N tJ"N,O

'10V 10n

pn 'N tJ"N'O 1nnl,

pn

'1VN' 1Vln

pn

'1VN' 1Vnl

pn

'1VN' 1Vnl

pn

1" n,1V"

"'N

1mv 'll ,,\!] "mp,

1,nv 'll l"N

"" "lV 'Nl" 1'lN 7V 7N

7N

'N

'N

mm, 1un 7N mm7 mm7 pn 7N

7N 7N tJ'TllnVil '1\!] "nN"

"on,

"lVl

38,35 10:3 B

"Vil r1N "pn' N"il

D

"Vil r1N "pn'

N'il

tJ'OnlO

"Vil r1N ,pn

D b'

1"V r1N "pn'

Db

1"V r1N "pn'

De2

"Vil r1N "pn'

l'

"

"

" " "

,pn,

"lN 7V 111n,

1'lN r1N 1"1 1l'Oil

n,1V " 1'l'Vl

tJil'l1N 111n

1'lO'

tJil'l1N Pln

- 1'l!l'

1l'0 N, tJil'l1N pn 1l'0 N, tJil'l1N pn

- 1'lO'

1l'0 N, tJil'l1N pn

- 1'lO'

1:1'0 N, tJil'l1N pn

1'l'Vl

"Vil r1N "pn'

- 1'lO'

pn

"Vil r1N "pn'

-1'l'Vl

pn

- 1'l'Vl

pn

-1'l'Vl

pn

"

"Vil r1N "pn'

Gb * 118

"Vil r1N "pn'

38,36 10:3-4 B

rlN

tJnl, "lVl N,il

n'l' "" "lV rlN pm np', 1"N "nv 1m

Doc2e2

118-119

'1VN'

tJ"N,O

38,34 10:2-3 B D 19:2-3 F G 117-118

19:3-4 F G

1Vnl Jl111n tJV 10n

'1VN'

"1lV 1'l

Ge2 117

Db

"

PlN il1VV

'10V

Gb

19:3 F G be2 Gb'

'ov

1"1 n,1V" 10n

1m

on'l"

on,l'1 on,l'1 n,l'1

'Nl l"Ni1 nN " , n,\!) n:Hlil"

n,:\",

in,l'"

rlN "" n,\!) i1'l)M" rlN "" n,\!) i'11lln"

,'vn rlN ":\,,,

rlN " " n,\!) n'lln, ':l

in,:\,"

pn pn ", on,\!) Nl~i1 rlN' l"Ni1 rlN

,l'" ,l"

,l', 'l"

1lli1"

Rudolph, 37 suggested the correction of1!)i17' at 1 Chron. 19:3 to 1!)n7': "> LXX (hpgr) read 1!)i17"'. The proof, which he didn't cite, is Josh. 2:3: 7' nN 1!)n7 " 'Nl1'1Ni1 KaTaaKorrEuaal yap TTjV YTjv TjKaOlV. ehet and ha are interchanged also at 39,35 and 51,15. LXX and LXX Luc drew attention to the two possibilities by using two similarly lettered synonyms in proximity to each other: KaTaaKOTTE I v COLUMN

38 (2 SAM. 8:9-10:6)

185

and KaTaOKETTTEIV "examine, spy out" to expand the sentence to: Kai KaTaOKOTTTlOWOIV aUTTlV Kai TOU KaTaOKE~aOeal aUTTlV. They meant instead of KaTaOKOTTTlOWOI v KaTaOKOTTTT']0WOI v* "they will dig down", with reference to the military practice of digging latrines outside the camp in order not to defile it - see Deut. 23:14 and Josephus, Bellum ii,147-149 (the Essenes adopted this practice). Cf. Psalms 7:15: H,,!)n', i'1" "l AaKKov WPU~EV Kai aveaKa~EV aUTOV. The Ammonites identified the men not as comforters but as soldiers intent on digging a latrine in order to defile the land, i.e. i'1 ln"i'1' "to pollute it" (shortened to i'1,:I" "to spy it"), and the punishment which Hanan meted out fit the crime: he cut their pants at the buttocks. For i'1'V'i'1 = "polluting" see Nahum 2:4. And he didn'tjust "cut" (i'11",) their beards but rather "dug" (n,,',) them - read for LXX:

E~UPTlOEV "he shaved" E~WPU~EV* "he dug". According to LXXLuc the Ammonite prediction came true. See David's instruction to Joab at 11 :25 (39,15): "Intensify your siege on the city and plow it under! (KaTaoKa~ov aUTTlv for LXX: KaTaOTTaoov aUTTlV "destroy it!"). 38,37 10:4-5 B D 19:4-5 F G 119

"':1"

"", "li'1' 'Nl" 'Nl"

186

CHAPTER TWO

'v

'~nl

0i'1"'12 nN

'v'

':1"

nv'IV!)O nv'IV!)Oi'1 nv'IV!)Oi'1 nv'IV!)Oi'1

on,'IV"

m,,', Oli'T n,,',

'~n

n,,', -

'~nl

O'O"l O''lVlNi'1 Pi'1 N"

38,38 10:5 Db' F (19:5) G 120 38,39 B (10:5-6) D Db'* 19:5-6 F G 120-121

on,'IV" Oi'1'mmv

0i'1"'0 nN n,,', Oli'T

OnN'i" n,'IV" O''lVlNi'1

'~n

'V"",

o',"ni'1

""

on'l " i'1'1i'1' '" 'ON" Om'N''IV'i'! "0 ON'" Onl'IV' O'li'T D'Ji'T

'll 'N'"

'v 'In"l 'l'IV ,'Oi'1 'ON" 'NO

no~' nT.J~

'In"'l ,n"'l

'1lli'T

'll,N'"

'"'IV"

O'li'T O'li'T

''lVN no~ no~

'In"'l 'In"'l

Column 39 (2 Sam. 10:6 - 11: 15) Herbert, 257, Plate XXIV 2 Sam. 10:6-11:2 (lines 1 through the third word of line 20), are paralleled at 1 Chronicles 19:6-20: 1. ''l>Nl1 1mv 'l:n 1un n,'l>" ,"'l 39,1 t)t)~,~~ t)'m 'll - m,'l>" 10:6 tlVi1 'll B m,'l>" "" D b' D boC 2e2 19:6 F G 121

'll

m,'l>"

'll

,n,'l>"

1mv

tl"lVi1

""

,,, tlV ,,, tlV lln "" l'Jt)~ ,,, tl~'O 11m 1mv 'll ,n,'l>" ,,, l'J'N m,'l>" " ' l

l'Jt)~

l'Jt)~

,~

''l>Nlni1 'l>Nl1 'l>Nlni1 ''l>Nl1 ,~ 1mv

tl''l>'!l' l~' i1l,~m i1~VO tl'N 1m tl',m tl'N 10 tli1' '~'l>'

39,2 10:6 B D F (19:6) G 121

'l,~m i1l,~m

i1l,~m

tl',m tl'N 10 tli1' '~'l>'

tl'N is auplo in LXX-Chron. and LXXLuc-Chron, aupov TOV TUJV I.lEOOTTOT0I.lITUJV in Josephus.

39,3 10:6 B b'

D Db

DC2e2 D O* 19:7 F G 121

nN) ):>1 I)~N 0'11VV N)):':l)

))"1V'N

)m n') 01N nN )1:>1V')

1V'N ~~N 11VV O'l1V ))" 1V'N) 1V'N ~~N i'I:>VO '~O

'~l1

1V'N ~~N 11VV O'l1V ))"1V'N) 1V'N ~~N i'~OV '~O 1V'N ~~N 11VV O'l1V ))"1V'N) 1V'N ~~N i'I:>VO '~O

'~l1

)m1)-

'~l1

N)':':l 01N nN) omn))

1V'N ~~N 11VV O'l1V ))"1V'N) 1V'N ~~N i'I:>VO '~O

'~l1

N)':':l 01N nN) omn'))

1V'N ~~N 11VV O'l1V ))"1V'N) 1V'N ~~N i'I:>VO '~O

'~l1

N)):':l 01N nN' omn'))

1V'N ~~N 11VV O'l1V ))U1V'N) 1V'N ~~N i'I:>VO '~O

'~l1

N)':':l 01N nN)

)OV nN)

mv nN' mv nN) 1V'N 'l~N 11V)) O'l1V ))u1V'N)

N)):':l 01N nN)

i'I:>VO '~O

Dm'))

0'1V~1V) O'l1V

i'I:>m '~O

-

0'1V~1V' O'l1V 0'1V1!)' l:>1 -

i'I:>VO '~O iI:>'~ ,~~ nN) '~l1 'l'7N

0'1V~1V) O'l1V 0'11V))

-

-

Oi'l~

- Oi'l~ -

Oi'l~

LXX-Sam has auplov for tl'N; LXXLuc_Sam has TOV aupov (twice; LXXC2Sam: TTJV auplov). LXXLuc_Sam: ßal8pool.l could also be tlv,n'l. 39,4 10:6 B

~'N ',i1 10 Hlt)N1 nov 'll' Nl"O '1!l' un', 'Nl"

D 19:7 F

tli1~VO

De2

tli1~VO

Nl'O

Db

tli1~VO

Nl,m

tli1~VO

COLUMN

39(2 SAM. 10:6-11:15)

187

39,5 10:7 B D 19:7-8 F G 122

Nl::iil "

Nl::i Nl::i Nl::i Nl::iilO O'~lN OV lNP nN ,,, n,~',

1mv 'll nN1i" 11V" pnN

39,6 B (10:7-9)

"1V" "1V"

Do e2

D bc 2 19:8-11 F

'~lN

"l

1m OVil 1n' nN' 0'1llil

il~'lN il~lN

il~lN

"1V" "1V"

Gb Ge2 123-124

nN' lN" nN n,~', " " VO~" ilon,o, 'Nl"

il~lN il~lN

'10'

"1V"

il~lN

i11~l on, ,'nil 1n', 0'1lVil 0'1V~il 'N 1mv 'll "1V" ''nil 'N::i" OVil 1n' nN' mv 1~N O"'Oil nN' 01N nN1i" 11V" 0'1ml 1nl" lN" N1" l'oV 'll nN1i" 11V 1mN' pnN '~lN "'l 1m The restored text omits verses 8-9, which add after 0'1llil (1 = MT 2 Sam.

10:8-9,2= LXX-Sam, 3= LXXbc2e2_Sam, 4= LXXo-Sam, 5= MT 1 Chron. 19: 9-10, 6= LXX -Chron, 7= LXX Luc -Chron):

01l' il:Jyn, l1\) lZ)'t,n ::nm, Nl'~ O1N' 1YlZ'il nn!l ilnn,n "1Y" pny 'll 'N~" 1 'N1lZ"l '1ml ':Jn 1nl" 1mNn, O'l!ln ilnn'Oil 'l!l "'N iln'il ':J lN" N1" i'l1lZ'l 01N nN1i" '1Y" i'l1lZ'l on, i',ny, l'''lZ''N' lm1' ill'~ 01N 1))lZ' nn!l ilon,n 1:J1Y" 1,ny 'll 'N~" 2 'N1lZ" '1ml ,:m 1nl" 1mNn, nN1i" O'l!:!n ilnn,nil 'l!l "'N iln'il ':J lN" N1" 01N nN1i" "1Y" :m,')'IV'N' (on,'IV) on,r,,), il)'~ O'N' "Yil 'Y'IV i1Y.ln'lJil ':>'Y" PlJY '1) 'N~" 3 1mN' O'l!:!n "'N ilnn,nil 'l!:! ,m " lN" ON'" i'l1lZ'l 01l' (Ni'lZ'n ,Ni',n) il:Jyn, 01N nN1i" ':J1Y" 'N1lZ" 'll 1ml ':Jn 1nl" il:Jyn, l1\)lZ"N' omn'l' ill'~ 01N' 1'Yil 1YlZ' ilnn,nil "1Y" 'N1lZ" 'll 'N~" 4 01N nN1i" "'N ilnn,nil 'l!l "il ':J lN" ON1" i'l1lZ'l on, ':J lN" N1" il1lZ'l 01l' 'Nl 1lZ'N o':J,nil1 1'Yil nn!l ilnn,n "1Y" 1my 'll 'N~" 5 01N nN1i" '1Y" 'N1lZ"l 1ml ':Jn 1nl" 1mN' O'l!:! "'N ilnn,nil 'l!:! iln'il N1" i'l1lZ'l 01l' l1n 'Nl 1lZ'N o':J,nil1 1'Yil 1YlZ' ilnn,n, "1Y" 1my 'll 'N~" 6 01N 'l!:!' "1))" 'N1lZ"n 1ml ':Jn 1nl" 1mN' O'l!:! "'N on'il' O'l!:! "il ':J lN" i'l1lZ'l on, l1n 'Nl 1lZ'N o':J,nil1 1'Yil 1))lZ' ilnn,n, "1))" pny 'll 'Nl'1I'N~" 7 'N1lZ"n 1ml ':Jn '1nl'1I1nl" 1mN' O'l!:! "'N on'il' Oil'l!l "il ':J lN" N1" 01N 'l!:!' ,1Y'1I",))"

The reduction in LXXo, which resulted from ajump from nN1i" to nN1i" proves that the LXX doublet: EK TOU KaTa rrpoac.:mov EX EvaVTtas represents nN1i" O'l!lO as given. 01N is LXX-Sam auptas (twice), LXXLuc_Sam 0 aupos and TOU aupou, LXX-Chron and LXXLuc-Chron TOU aupou, Josephus: TW aupw.

188

CHAPTER TWO

'PTn' lmv 'll tun nv,w',', nn'm 'mo O'N pTnn ON 'ON" on'il' 'WlN 'N lNP lWlN 'N lNP nv,wn, O'N 'lOO O'N 'mo lNP 'PTn' lmv 'll ON' nv,w', " nn'il' 'mo O'N pTnn ON

39,7 B(10:11) D boC 2

De2 19:12 F G 124

O'N is LXX-Sam OUPICX; LXXoe2-Sam 0

OUP0S";

LXX bc2_Sam, LXX-Chron

and LXXLuc-Chron OUP0S"; Josephus TOUS" OUPOUS".

39,8 10:11-12 B

mn', u'm'N ,'v 1Vl' UOV 1Vl

PTnnl, PTn 1mvwm,

" v'wm, 'n"m " v'w,n, u"m " v'w,n, 'n"m " v'w,n, m"m

uon'l' pTm uon'l' npTnnl'

Dboe2

DC2* 19:12-13 F Ge2 124

,mvw,n ,mvw,m

'00

'00

,mvw,n (LXXe2 at Chronicles) is KCXKc.uOc.u instead OfKCXI oc.uoc.u. For KCXKc.uoc.u OE = ,mvw,n see Is. 50:9. LXXLuc-Samuel: pTm PTn is cxvopll;ou KCXI KCXpCXTIOU.

O'Nl non,o, mv 'WN ovm lNP W)" Pl'Vll,,,n nwv' O'N 'N - mv, D O'N '01)" O'N ,V U1Vl 19: 13-14 non,o, O'N 'lD' nwv' Pl'Vll,,,n F non,o, O'N 'lD' nwv' b' non,o, O'N 'lD' ovn nwv' Pl'Vl l,,,n G non,o, O'N 'lD' nwv' Pl'Vl l,,,n G be2 ''Ol'' O'N nN'p, W)" lmv 'll nN'p, mn,w', 125-126 O'N is LXX-Sam OUPICXV, LXXLuc_Sam TOV oupov, LXX-Chron and 399 , B (10:12-13)

''OU''

LXXLuc-Chron oupc.uv, Josephus TOIS" OUPOIS".

39,10

N1J'1

10:13-14

'\!lJN 'l!ltl

"Vil lNJ'l

lNJ'l lll:lV 'lJ ':IVtl JN1' J\!l'l

il\!l'JN

lNJ'l lll:lV 'lJ ':IVtl JN1' lJ\!l'l

il\!l'JN

JN1' lll:lV 'lJ ':IVtl J\!l'l

il\!lJN

D e2

JltlV 'l!l ':IVtl JNl' J \!l'l

il\!lJN

Db

JNl' lll:lV 'lJ ':IVtl J\!l'l

il\!lJN

B ab B* D b 'oC2

19:14-15

F G 126

lOll'l

l'l!ltl

O'N Ol "'N' l'tlV 'lJl

JltlV 'lJ ':IVtl JN1' J\!l'l

;"'Vil

11tlV 'lJ lN"l ilN'

l'nN

Oil Ol

l'nN 'l!ltll JN1'

Oil Cl

O' tl'N lOl

Oil Ol

O'tl'Nil lOl

JNl'

nN

Jl\!l'l

lltltl O'tl'Nil

"Vil lOll'l '\!lJN nN lN'''l O'nltlVil lN"l

COLUMN

39 (2

SAM.

10:6-11 :15)

189

O'N is LXX-Sam aupla, LXXLuc_Sam 0 aupoS', LXX-Chron and LXX Luc _

Chron (01) aupo\. 39,11 10: 14-16 B

'N'~'" N~" ~'ON"

'l!)' l)ll " 01N

0"N70 m,\V', 'N1\v' 1rl"'il n,\V" ,n' Hl'ON"

N1" O'\v'1' lN"

DQOC2

N~"

1rl'1'il n,\V" ,n' '!)'ON" 1rl'1'il n,\V', ,n' '!)'ON"

'll

01N " 1ml' 'll 'N1"

De2

N~"

1rl'1,m n,\V', ,n' '!)'ON"

'll

01N " POl' 'll 'N1"

b'

N~"

1rl'1'il n,\V" ,n' '!)'ON"

'll

D 19:15-16 F

7!)l

01N" POl' 'll 'N1"

'!)ll

Gb' Gbe2 126-127

n,\V"

- '!)ll - '!)ll

n7\v"

-

llP

'!)ll

omml'il m,\V"

07\v'1' lNl'

LXX b ' at Samuel: 7!l) is ETTalaEV instead of EITTataEV. O'N is LXX-Sam aupla, LXXLuc_Sam and LXXLuc-Chron 0 aupoS', LXX-Chron aupoS'.

'l" Oil'l!)' 1rl"'il Nl~ 1\V

39,12 10: 16-17 B

1l'\v'

1mil 1ll'O 1\VN 01N nN

o,m 'Nl" o,m 'Nl" p07n 'l'l\v' ill'\v' o,n Nl" ilON,n

1ll'l

DO

'l'l\v' ill'\v' o,m Nl" ilON,n

1ll'l

DC2 De2

'l'l\V' ill'\V' 07m Nl" ilo'l'n

1ll'l

'l'l\V' ill'\V' o,m Nl" iloN7n

1ll'l

1rl'1'il

Db

19: 16-17 F

1!)'\V' 1!)'\V'

1rl'1'il

Gb' Gbe2 127

'Nl~ 1\V

1!)'\V'

1ll'l

-

1!)'\V'

1ll'l

1!)'\V'

m!) 1ll'O 1\VN 01N 1'0 07n ,N

tJ'N is LXX-Sam Tf)V auplav, LXXLuc-Sam, LXX-ehron and LXX Luc _

Chron TOV aupov, Josephus aupwv ßaOlAEa. 39,13 10:17 B D e2

nN1p,

D1N 11»" Oil'N N'l" 111m 1ll'" 7N1\v' " "1l'" ilON,n nN ""

nN

l)'ON" "",

ilo,n 'Nl" ilo,n ilON7n

D bc2

tJ'l'n

DO

19:17 F

"" 11l'" tJil7N tJ1N 1'l'" Oil'7l'

Gb

"" 11l'"

Ge2 128

"" 11l'" Oil'7N

-

Oil',l' Oil'7l' Oil'7l' OiP7N Nl"

l'1m 1ll'"

"" ""

Nl~il 7' nN l)'ON" 0'1ll'il1707

O'N is LXXLuc_Sam 0 aupoS', LXX-Chron and LXXLuc-Chron aupoS'.

190

CHAPTER TWO

39,14 B* (10:17-18) Dboczez Db'

19:17-18 F G 128

~'Ny')

Vl\!J

""

"" l,n', "N'\!J' 'l!lY.) O'N tm', mv mn"',

om'NnY.) O'Vl'N om'NnY.) nVl\!J

O'N

nY.)n"Y.) O'N

~!l"y')

mn"', on"', nY.)n"Y.)" O'N ,nN on"', 0'N 1 is LXX-Sam CJUP1a5, LXXLuc-Chron TOU CJupou. 0'N 2 is LXX-Sam O'Vl'N O'Vl'N

l,n', l,n',

""

U,N

(COIT.) CJupla, LXXLuc-Sam and LXXLuc-Chron 0 CJUP05, LXX-Chron CJUP05.

O'NY.) is LXX-Sam EK TT]5 CJupla5, LXXLuc_Sam EK

Tc.uV CJupc.uv,

LXX-Chron and LXXLuc-Chron arro TOU CJupou.

nm', n:m

1l'\!J nN' 0'\!J'!l I')"N O'Vl'N, l" mNY.) '''l' \!J'N 0'\!J'!l mNY.) Vl\!J' '''l' I')"N VY.)\!J 0'\!J'!l '''l' \!J'N - n'Y.)n Nl~n 1!l'\!J O'!l"N '''l' \!J'N n'Y.)n Nl~ n!l\!J O'!l"N '''l' - n'Y.)n Nl~n 1l\!J O'!l"N '''l' \!J'N - nmn Nl~n 1l'\!J O'!l"N '''l' \!J'N nm', n,n o"n Nl~ '\!J 1l\!J nN' 0'\!J'!l I')"N nVl\!J' '''l' I')"N

39,15 Doczez (10: 18)

Vl\!J VY.)\!J

D b'

Db 19:18 F Gb Gez 128 39,16 B (10:18-19) Dboczez D b' 19:18-19 F

m'''\!J'' "N'\!J' 'l!l" '!lll N" 'Tv"n 'Tv"n n"l 'Tv"n nN n"l n,,', 'Tv"n nN

m,,',

,n1'~

b'

G

n,,~

Gbez 129 39,17 B(10:19) Doez Dbcz 19:19 F G 129

'Nl~'\!J

,n,,~

,n1'

'l!lY.) 'l!lY.) 'l!lY.)

"lV o',"Y.)n ." ,N", O\!J

,,"n '\!JN ,,"n '\!JN

'TV1,n 'TV'1n 'Tv"n 11,m 'l»Y.) '\!JN n"N'

1mv 'll nN ,'V V'\!J,n" O'N 'N''''

O"lV"

N''''

,'v 1mv 'll nN O'Y.)'Nn "N'\!J' nN 1mv 'll nN O'Y.)'N "N'\!J' nN nlN N'" ,'v 1mv 'll nN nlN N'" 1mv nN 'TV" '1» 1mv 'll nN 1TV" nlN N'"

,'V ,'V

"N'\!J' nN

"lV" "lV" ,mlV',

m'lV" ,mlV"

nnm ,., 'N\!J"

"" "" O'''\!J 1'" O'''\!J ",

OV OV OV OV

O'N is LXX-Sam CJupla, LXXLuc_Sam (01) CJUPOI, LXX-Chron CJUP05 and LXXLuc-Chron 0 CJUP05.

COLUMN

39 (2

SAM.

10:6-11:15)

191

:JN" nN "1' n'U>'1 tl"N'r.m nN~ nv, illU>il n:J1u>n, '0 "'r.m n:J1u>n:J 'O"'Oil nV:J

39,18 B(II:I)

De2

'O"'Oil

D boC2 20:1

-

F G 129

:JN" nN

39,19(11:1) 20:1

ill' ~» m~'l

F G

ll' nN

'~'l

nN ilnl' nN

'~'l

nN

129

Nl'l

'~'1

Nl'l lNl' Nl'l

'~'l

m~

)"N

n:J1u>n nv, n:J1u>n:J n:J1u>n:J illU>il n:J1u>n, 'il'1 nNl

mm1V'l ~N'1V' ~, nNl 10» 1'1:1» -

nn1V'l

)"N )"N nn1V'l 'O'nlO»il )"N nN nn1V'l

Nl~il ~m

nN

Nl~il ~m ~,nN Nl~il ~m ~,

nN

,'iln'1 1:J'U>0 'VO "1' '01P'1 :J'Vil nv, 'il'1 'O'U>1":J :JU>1' "'" :J'V 'N :JU>' :J'Vil nV:J :JU>' ,'iln', :J'Vil nv, 'il'1

39,20 (20:1) B (11 :2-3) D 130 39,21 11 :2 B D boe 2 130

110» '3l

1'il'1

n:J1u>n:J

nV:J

lill'1 'O"'Oil lill'1 'O"'Oil nN~:J lill'1 'O"'Oil nN~:J n'U>'1

'il'1

n~n1 ilU>N 'O"'Oil n':J II 'VO N"1 'O"'Oil n':J II ,V

ilU>Nil1 llil 'VO llil 'VO

ilU>Nil1 'O"P 'O'O:J iln':J:J n~n1 ilU>N 'O"'Oil

-

-

-

llil II

-

,'Oil ,'Oil

'VO N"1

LXXC2* agrees with 4QSam a restored. 39,22 11 :2-3 B D 130

V:JU>n:J nNT N'il 'ON'1 ilU>N' U>"'1 "1' n'U>'1 'NO ilN'O n:J1U V:JU> n:J V:JU>'N:J V:JU>'N:J ,'ON', V:JU>n:J il' 'OU>1

39,23 11 :3-4 B

'NO ilN'O n:JlU

'O':JN'm " " n"u>', :JN" ", NU>ll mnil il",N n\VN 'OV"N n:1

Db De2

""N ""N ""N 1"N

OOC2

n,U>',

130

:JV"N :JV"N il'N il'N

Josephus narned Uriah and identified hirn as Joab's arrnor-bearer a little later in the story (see line 26). 39,24 11 :4-5 B D 130-131

192

CHAPTER TWO

'ilm iln':J'

:J1u>m 'N

'ilm

"m

nu>,pno N'ill ilOV :J'U>'1 "'N N1:Jm ilnp'1 ilnNOUO ilnNOUO iln,lO

il"N N1:J'1 n~n,no

ilOV :J'U>'1

ilnp'1

39,25 11 :5-6 B D 131 39,26 11 :6 B D 131 39,27

'N "" n,u>', il'il ':mN illil 'Y.lNm "", ':lm n,u>m ilU>Nil ",

"lN il'il -

"lN il'il n,u>', tJ'!"Wl ln'l ,nY.lN nmn CNil 'Y.lNm ,'Y.lil 'N n,u>m

"" ZN

il"'N nN lN" n,u>',

il"'N nN "N iln,u> 'Y.lN" lN" mnil n,u> 'nnil 'Y.lN'

- "'N

"

lN" ", NU>U il"'N nN ilU>Nil 'Vl nN np',

"'N N'l"

ilY.ln'Y.lil C"U>" CVil C"U>Z' lN" C"U>, "" 'NU>"

B (11 :7) D 131 39,28 11:7-8 B D 132

""

C"U>,

'NU>"

"" 'N

il"'N N'l" 'lV" Nl"

,n'l' "

"" " 'Y.lN" 11lV 'Y.lN" il"'N "" 'Y.lN" Cl'U> 'Y.lN" il"'N' il"'N' il"'N' " " 'Y.lN" C"U> 'Y.lN" ,,~mil C"U>" Nl~il For the added words - Uriah's response "Your servant" - see to 38,15. ,'Y.lil

39,29 11 :8 B

,V C'l~lilY.l ",nN N~m ,'Y.lil n'lY.l il"'N N~"

",:1, l'm,

nNU>Y.l nNU>Y.l 'l!!Y.l

OOC2 e 2

Db

'N~"

,'Y.lil

132

nN~Y.l

",nN

'l!!Y.l

N~m

N~"

,nU>N CV l'U>'

Josephus: ßaoTaoas EK TOU OEITTVOU IlEpT} 1TPOOOIOWOIV aUTW is to be understood in connection with 11 :27: ,n'l 'N MON" ", n,u>', 'lNil 'lV" "And she ceased mourning, and David sent and brought her to his house". ,lNil after Uriah's death becomes "Nil "the food", David's present in

,V

C'l~lilY.l (TWV 1TapEoTT}KOTWV exchange for Bathsheva. LXXLuc : ,'Y.lil TW ßaOlAEI) "ofthose who waited on the king" is probably original, and MT/LXX shortened it to ,'Y.lil nN 'U>NY.l "from those with the king" and further to ,'Y.lil nNU>Y.l to fit the verb of the sentence: ,'Y.lil nNU>Y.l 1',nN N~m, i.e ,'Y.lil nN~Y.l ",nN N~n,. ,'Y.lil nN~ suggested to Josephus Deut. 23:12: ,nN~ nN n'o", the military/Essene manner of handling food waste, and thus he interpreted the king's present as "food portions". 39,30

11 :9 B D 132-133

':1"

1n'l,

"m 1n'l 'N

", N" "l'N "lV " nN ,ZY.lil

nn!! il"'N l'U>" n'l

":1"

"Y.l' ":1" n'l 'VU>l "Y.l' ':1" 1nU>N' ", N" C'" 'NU>U " nN "Y.lil nn!! il"'N l'U>"

COLUMN

39 (2 SAM. 10:6-11: 15)

193

~"il il"'~ ,~ "" 'o~" m'l '~il"'~ ", ~,

39,31 B(II:10) D 133

m'l' -

~,

~'il n'~il

39,32 11: 10-11 tlm"~il

Db Doc2e2

P'~

"

"" ,~ il"'~ 'o~" 1n'l' n,,' ~, 1n'l .,~

""

'o~" 1n\V~ .,~,

'l'~

'1lV'

l~P 'l'~'

l'illom 'J1on"o 'll

v"o ~l iln~ 1"0

1n'l .,~ n,,'

~.,

v"o ~l iln~ 1"0

,V

tlmn i11\Vil 'l!) i11m', .,~,\V' - m'Ul tl'l\V' .,~,\V" .,~,\V" m'Ul tl'l\V' .,~,\V" m'Ul tl'l\V'

tlV l"\v" nm\V" ",~, 'J1'l' ~'l~ 'l~' l'\v" 'J1'l ,~

~'l~

OV

133 39,35 B (11:11-12)

'''~

l"\V~

,V ,V ,V ,V

.,~ "" 'o~" i1Til 'l'il n~ il\VV~ O~ 1\V!)l '",

1'n 'n 1m 1\V!)l 'n ilm 1'n ilO

D 133-134

."" -

m"Ul tl'l\V' tl 'ln i11\Vil 'l!) tl'ln i11\Vil 'l!J 'l~ 1'm tl'ln i11\Vil 'l!) 'J1'l' 'l~ 1'm O'ln i11\Vil 'l!) 1'm O'l'\v i11\Vil 'l!) .,V

Dboc2e2 Db'

n~

V,,01 iln~ ~l V,,01 iln~ ~l

1"~

133

39,34 11: 11 B

"",

'l'il

'o~"

tlm'~il l"~il

39,33 11 :11 B D 133

,m~,

'o~"

'J1\V~

'J1\V~

LXX Luc : Ila Tllv SCUllV GOU KaI Ila TllV SCUllV T1l5 ~UX1l5 GOU where ilO transcribes ilO into Greek letters. LXX: TrCU5 "how?" read 1m for MT: 1'n "by your life!" To 1m "how?" see 1 ehron. 13:12 (36A,12) and Dan. 10:17. ha and chet are also interchanged at 38,36 and 51,15. 39,36

O"l tl'\V"'l

il"'~

39,37 D(11:12-13) 134

39,38 B(11:13-14)

D 134

194

CHAPTER TWO

,n01 O"il tll i1Tl l\V

1n,\V~

il"'~

n,\V~ 1n~

Dboc2e2 (11 : 12) D b' 134

l\V"

O"\V"'l

n,\V~ 1n~

1n"\V~

l'Vl

~~"

,n01 tlPil

,m,\V', n\V', Pl!J" .,,~" "" ,., ~'i'" ,'\V', ,'\V' 1"Oil ,., ~'i'"

i1Tl l\V n,nom

~mil

~'i'

ln,', 'i'll

'i1" " , ~.,

",

m'l .,~, m'l'" m'l'"

Pl'~

~., m\V~ .,~,

"lV OV

'l'\vOl l'\v' 'l'\vO il',m l'\vOl l'\v" 1"Oil ,"n!) l'\v"

,V

39,39 11: 14-15 B Oe2

D boC2 135-136

"10 "N

j",n~

nN 'ln '1ON" '!l'Ol ln,', n"'N "l n"\!)', lN" "N '!l'O "11

N'ln ln ln n"'N nN 'ln '1ON"

lN""

Column 40 (2 Sam. 11:15-12:14) Herbert, 258, Plate XXV Correct Herbert, 211 at 12(14)15-17(18): "43.124 B6" to 43.124 B7. Verses 20-24 are significantly longer in LXX and LXXLuc due to repetitive additions, as the following table shows: MT LXX LXXLuc 1,QSama Josenhus Foreseen tirade ofDavid Battle report 1 Footnote death ofUriah 1 The messenger came and reported Actual tirade of David Battle report 2 Footnote death ofUriah 2

yes yes yes yes yes

yes yes yes U yes yes

yes W yes yes V yes yes

Yes yes yes

yes yes

yes yes yes

yes

Variants from the Greek additions are indicated below at the points where the passages occur in 4QSama = MT, and the capitalletters in the LXX and LXX Luc columns of the table above show how they are distinguished in the following from the variants ofthe passage in situ. For example, line 6 ofthe colurnn has part of 11 :20, Joab's instruction to the messenger, in which he foresaw David's angry response to the news ofthe failed siege ofthe city. According to MT this response never came, because the messenger forestalled it through the addendum over Uriah's death (11 :2224). According to LXX and LXX Luc Joab's prediction proved correct, and David did indeed express his anger at the defeat; and the Greek 11 :22, reporting the outburst, essentially repeats verse 20. Thus at line 6 (11 :20) the variants from 11 :22 are listed with the designations U for LXX and V for LXX Luc . Similarly at verse 21 (line 8) LXX Luc adds to Joab's instructions to the messenger the battle report, which MT and LXX report only once - at verses 23-24, i.e. lines 10-12, where the variants from verse 21 are listed and tagged with W. The report of David' s actual tirade at verse 22 (before ,nN" in line 10) is introduced by the words: 1N"nn "N ,nN" lN" "N LXX Luc : 1N"nn

"N ,nN" lN" "V "" ~N ,n'1.

"11 ,n'"

COLUMN40(2 SAM. 11:15-12:14)

195

"'lVl 'il'l nm il:m ",nNO Dnl'IV' ilPTnil ilon,oil 'll ,m'IVl 'l!) ,m'IVl ilon'Ol "~l ilon,ol nl'IV 'lVNl

"Vil ,V lN"

40,1 11:15-16 B

'N

Dbc2e2

DO 136-137

"Vil ,V (il"'N 7N lN"

n"'lVl 'il'n

",nNO Dnl'IV' ilPTnil ilon,oil 'll never corresponds to 'l!) ,m 'N, which at Num. 8:2

LXX: E~ EVOVTI05 renders EK ~EPOU5 KOTO lTPOOCUlTOV, verse 3: EK TOU EV05 ~EPOU5 KOTO lTPOOCUlTOV and Ex. 26:9 and 28:37: KOTO lTPOOCUlTov. Most often in Samuel E~ EVOVTI05 renders nN'p" but 'llhllO prevails in the rest ofthe Bible. LXXLuc has simply E15. LXXo: EV TCU lTUPI Ko8Tjo8a1 "in fire sitting" replaces LXXbc2e2: "in (the course of) besieging" is perhaps play on Bathsheva (nl'IV 'lVNl for Vl'IV nl), the central figure ofthe chapter. 4QSama: "'lVl is "in the wall" - see Gen. 49:22 and 2 Sam. 22:30=Psalm 18:30 for "'IV in this sense. Uriah was stationed in the heat ofthe battlethe wall. For "'lVl 'il" nm il:m cf. Acts. 3:8 and 14:10: "And the healed cripple lept up": "'IV il:nm ("leap" in Syriac is "'IV). "Vn ''lVlN 'N~" D'IV ,'n ~'lVlN "

40,2 11: 16-17

V', ''lVN D'POl

V"

DboC2

'V

De2

D'POil D'nlOVil

139

il"'N nN 1n',

D'POil 'N D'POil

'V

'N~"

LXX boC2: EI5 TO TOlTOV TOV lTOVOUVTO = V" ''lVN D'POl plays on D'POl ", ''lVN "in the place where they shoot". mnil il"'N Dl n,o', "" "lVO DVilO '!)" lN" nN mn,' no', ,,, DVil 10 Dl' mm', "!)"

40,3 11: 17 B D 140

'l" "'ln Dl' nm',

"!)"'N il"'N '!)"

Dlmo', is written as one word; the scribe, in view ofUriah's role of

ambassador between Joab and David and between Joab and the enemy, whose ranks he invaded, had Dln'!)" in mind - cf. Dan. 4: 14: 1"'V n'Tll NOln!) "in the commission of angels the message". David's message to Joab, delivered by Uriah, was Uriah's death sentence: mo n'Tl.

40,4 11: 18-19 B De2*

De2 DboC2 141

196

CHAPTER TWO

nN

,~" ilon'Oil "l' " nN "",

lN" lN" lN" DnN

,~"

'l" il"'N nN lN" n,'IV"

"" "0' "" 'N "" 'N ,'Oil 'N

mnil -

D"N'O lN" n,'IV"

ON j"m 120il 'N 'l12 ilOn'Oil "l1 ,:J nN

40,5 B (11: 19-20)

De2

1m,,, ,mN' 1N'Oil m':Jl

- 1"N ON' ou', OVilO ill'il ,!", ilmnl Vl!'" "Vil 'N 11lV \!>ll ':J " '1'lil ,mN' O':JN'Oil n"\!>l 1'Oil VO\!>" il"'N no ':J " n1ln1 mon il,vn

141-142

onV1' N"il on'il' J'Vil 'N on\!>ll V"o l' 'ON' 1'Oil non il,vn

40,6

N' N'

B (11 :20) D boC 2

N' N' N'

De2 U (11 :22) y 142

- mon - mon

"Vl-

,v on'il' ilmnil 'N on\!>ll V"o 'ON"

Nl~l

" ,n',

For the inroductory words to LXXI LXXLuc see above page 1.

il\!>N N"il

n\!>l" ll1'O'lN nN il:Jil '0 ilmnil 'VO ", '\!>N nN B (11 :20-21) 'l 1l0Vl" ,V,n bc 'Vl" D 2 ,V,n - - Db' ,V,n ilmn 'Vl" DO ,v,n De2 'l" ,v,n OVl" U (11:22) ,v,n y 'Vl" 142 illj7T l'V1l 1l1'O'lN nN il:Jil '0 OL: malum accpiebatis shows that behind Greek TTATlYTl 1N'Oil 'N

40,13 D (11 :24-25) 141,144

"»il 'N

111on,0 i'tnil :1,nil ':>Nl1 ilt:>1 ilt:> ':> iltil ':11il ill1N ilon,oil 'i'tnil ,» 'i'tnil "»il ,» ilon,oil 'i'tnil :1,nil ':>Nl1 ilt:>1 ilt:>

40,14 B (11 :25)

D 145

,» 10um il\!)'N il"'N 110 ':> il"'N l1\!)N »o\!)m

40,15 11 :25-26 B D bc2e2

l1N

DO

l1N

ilu,m 'ili'Tm ,mi'Tm

il"'N il\!)'N

m,om

.il"'N il\!)'N

m,om

",» 10um il\!)'N 110 ':> il"'N l1\!)N »:1\!)11:1 »o\!)m il1O',nm

145

mu,m mu,m

To LXXLuc : Kai KaTaOKmlJOv aUTTlV = m,om instead of LXX: Kai KaTaorraoov aUTTlV = ilU,m see to 38,26. 40,16 B (11 :26-27)

il\!)N'

"'i1m '11':1 'N '11':1' -

'»:1\!)'N:1 l1N N\!)" ilN\!)"

D 146

ilOUN" 1'n n,\!)', ':1Nil ,:1»" il'»:1

il\!)N' "

40,17 D (11 :27) 147

':1Nil ,:1»"

mil' 'l'»:1 1"1 il\!»> '\!)N ':11il »'" 'lO' mil' 'l'»:1 ':11il »",

p " 1,m p " 1,m

LXX: Kai rrovTlpov EaVTl, LXX Luc : Kai EaVTl rrovTlpov are literally »" ilN'l,»' N"'; but see, in addition to MT here, Gen. 38:10,1 Sam. 18:8, 1 Chron. 21:7 and Neh.4:1. 40,18 12:1 B

Na 1lil " 'OW,

1'n 'N

Db DC2e2 DO 147-148 40,19 12: 1 B D 148 40,20 B (12:2-3)

D 148-149

"'N

N':1" 1"1 'N N':1lil

1m l1N mil' n,\!)',

1m

1m 1'n 'N 1m Nl 1m "

1m 'ON"

o"n:1

1m, ilN'"

\!)N' 1nN' "\!»> 1nN l1nN "»:1 "il O'\!)lN 'l\!)

iltil "O\!)Oil nN "

O'\!)lN Pil O'l\!) "» nnN:1 \!)N' 1nN' "\!»> 1nN nnN "»:1 "il O'\!)lN 'l\!) iltil "O\!)Oil nN il\!):1:> ON ':> ,:> l'N \!)", 1NO il:1'il 'i':1' 1N~ il'i1 "\!»>' "\!»>" , '\!»>' il'm il\!):1:> ON ':> ,:> l'N \!)", 1NO il:1'il 'i':1' 1N~ "\!»>"

COLUMN

40(2 SAM. 11:15-12:14)

199

40,21 12:3 149

l'l:t tlV1 10V "'lnl nnu~ "'l'l n'n'l i1lp 'U>N i1l"P nnN l'l:t tlV

40,22 D (12:3-4) 149

40,23 12:4 B

N1:t'1 nl' '" 'i1nl l,U>n 1P'Ml1 nnU>n 101:>01 "'Nn ln!)O nn' ln:t' "'Nn ln!)O N1l'1 lnl' '" 'i1n

nlU>V" "p:t01 llN~O nnp" "on',

n'N"

,"n

n'N" n'Nn U>'N" nlU>V'"

Db

n'Nn U>'N" nlU>V'"

"Pl'

149

n'N" nlU>V"

40,24 12:4 B

U>'N"

DC2 De2

llN~O nnp" "on',

"u>vn U>'N"

n1N

nU>V'l nnN nlT'l U>N,n U>'Nn nU>l' nN np', ""N Nln

'"

N:t

nnlT'l

149

U>'N"

nU>V'l

U>N,n

nm 1l ':J ilH'l' '" 1m "N

40,25 12:4-5 B

11'lN'1

nU>l' nN np',

\!')'NJ

""

'NI'l ""

Dbc2 Db'

~N

1"'1 ""N NJil ~N

'NI'l

~N

'V t')N 'NO \!,)'Nil 'V

~N

'NI'l \!,)'Nil

,V

\!,)'Nil

Doe2 Tnl'l

1l

V\!,)1 ':J 1m'N

1I'lN" ilfil 1J'il 'V 'NI'l "I'lil

°

To Josephus: oq,oopo 0 EAUTTT}OEV AOY05 OUT05 4:4: ,,, n,n l"'i1n, EI oq,oopo AEAUTTT}005 OU.

40,26 B (12:6)

Db

"

150 40,27 (12:6-7) 150

CHAPTER TWO

1""

TOV ßOOlAEO

"'N NJil

cf. Jonah

'U>N lPV tl'nVl'N tl"u>' nU>l' nt-n nNT tl'rlV:tU> nm tl'nv:tu>

nU>vn U>'Nil

nm

Do c2e2

200

,'u>vn U>'Nn "N ,"n U>'N" U>'N" -

Do c2e2

149-150

nnN

"'lnl nnN "'l"

tl'nVl'N tl"u>' ilu>:t:m nN1

nNT nU>Vil U>'Nil

,'n "N 1m 'ON'l "on N" 'U>N "V1 nTi1 'l,n nN 1m 'ON'l

nU>v

40,28 12:7-8 B D 150-151

':mN 'N1\!)'

'm'N

mil' 10N il:> ':> l1NT il\!)l'il \!)'Nil ill1N

1\!)N ':> 'lN D'il'Nil

\!)'Nil ill1N

10N il:> ':>

'V 'V

"0' ,'l1n\!)O " illl1N' "N\!) 1'0 ''l1'~il ':>UN' 'N1\!)' 40,29 ':> 'lN' ,n\!)O B (12:7-8) "0' ,'l1n\!)o " illl1N' "N\!) 1m ''l1,~m D'1ll'il Nl~ 151 LXX: EIIlI 0 XP10CX5 for EXplOCX and EIIlI EPUOCXIlTlV for EPUOCXIlTlV show that LXX split ':>UN to ':> 'lN, reading the middle waw as yod and ehanging koi

through bet to memo EYCU EIIlI is standard LXX (but not LXX LUC !) ligature for ':>lN throughout the seroll. Cf. to 42,20 (2 Sam. 13:28). 40,30 12:8 B

'N1\!)' l1'l ,:> l1N " illl1N' 'P'Ml ,'l1N '\!)l l1N' ,'l1N ,:> l1'l l1'l

Do c2e2

P\!)l

DO

P\!)l

l1'll-

D'\!)l

151 40,31 12:8-9 B

l1N l1'Tl

':>

Dboc2e2 D b' 151 40,32 D (12:9) 151 40,33 B (12:9-10) 151 40,34 B (12:10)

Db

':> ':>, l1N l1'Tl

40,36 D(12:11) 152

ill il

Dl:>

il!lON il!lON il!lON

':>,

l1N' l1nl l1':>il 'l1nil il'1'N l1N Pl'l'l l'1il m\!)l" mil' 111 Pl!l' mil' ill" 1ml' 'll l1nl m1il 1l1N' il\!)N' " l1np, 'l1\!)N

1l ill1l" l'ol' 'll l1nl m1il 1l1N' il\!)N' " l1np, 1l1\!)N l1\!)N l1N npm 'lnTl 1\!)N lPl' D"l' l1'Tl ':> D"l" ':>

Do c2e2

40,35 (12:10-11) 152

l"101 illil:>' illil:> " il!lON' " Ul'O DN' i'l1'il"

':>

"'l' "'l'

1l'

,11'lO l1n 1'011 N'

-

D"l'il -

D'PO 'llil mil' 10N il:> il\!)N' " D'po 'llil

mm, 'l1nil il'1'N

Dl' l:>\!)' 'l'1' '11m, ")'l" ,'\!)l l1N 'l1np,' ,11'lO ill'1 D'l1m, "l!l' Dl' l:>\!)' ,11'lO l'1

COLUMN40(2 SAM. 11:15-12:14)

201

40,37 (12:11-12) B (12:11-12) D 152 40,38 12:12-13 B D

mNU"

,nt)l

n'u>v

'N

ilnN ':J nNTil U>DU>il 'l'V' 1'U>l 'lll' 'lll' ':J U>DU>il 'l'V' 1'U>l

U>DU>il

'DN"

'll' 'N'U>'

nNT nNT

':J

t)llN nmn N' 1nNU" "lVil illil' Cl N"

Db (12:13-14)

'll ilTil 'l'il ':J ':J ':J

nNT

,n 'DN"

'nNU"

40,39

n'U>v

1m, "" 1m

DO* 153

nN ilU>VN 'lN' ,nt)l

,'n 'N 1m 'DN"

"t)il

illil" 'l'N'

"t)il

Doc2e2

153

nmn N' 1nNU" "lVil illil'

1m

'DN"

Column 41 (2 Sam. 12:14 - 13:13) Herbert, 259, Plate :XXVI Verses 30-31 (lines 20-24) are paralleled at 1 Chronicles 20:2-3. "" nDl' nlD " "''il llil Cl ilTil ' l ' l illil' 'l'!!N n~Nl »Nl ':J nlD' 'l'N 1ll 'l'N nN C'l'Nl

41,1 12: 14-15 B D bc2e2

DO 152-153 41,2 12:15-16 B

1'" nDl' illDD U>Pl"

De2 D boC2 153-154

41,3 12:16-17 B

Db Doc2e2

154

202

CHAPTER TWO

l'

C'l'Nl illil' ""il llil Cl

" " , il"'N nU>N U>lN" "" U>lN" U>lN" U>lN" U>lN"

"" il"'N nU>N

m,p" il~'N PU>l l:JU>' mp',

"",

"",

il~'N pu>

,V l:JU>"

1" 1"

m,' '\!)N "'il

nN C'ill'N t)'l" illil' l)l" illil'

m,' 'U>N "'il nN C'il'Nil l)l"

N'l" c,~ Nl'

""

"" ,'n

""

ln'l 'N

1m

ln'l' ln'lD ln'l' ln'l'

1m

C'~'~il 'Vl C'ill'Nil m "" C'il'Nil nN

il'lnU> il'DU> U>l'" C'D' nVlU> c,~"

il'il'

nN nN nN

.,..

E '"'

;>'I

~

r.,.. r-

Q)

OJ)

.s.....

Q)

"'0

.....c::

-

LXXd agrees with the restoration in deleting "" after tn~',.

'il" on, on'N ml N" illN N" l"Nil In ,n'i'il' "'N m'l 'li'T onN "'V n'lil 'li'T

,...,..r.:

41,4 12:17-18 B

"'V

Db D b'oC2 e 2 .,.. ,..r.:

155

~

r1

t"

r."'1 r-

r.:

::."

J".

rJ". .n,..

41,5 12: 18 B

nn 'V'l\Vm ilTil "0' "lil' O'1lVil 'N'''' "'il nn 'V'l\vil O"l r.: r.:

-

De2

E

""N 10Nl

il:PN'

n"'i':I

~I %

r.: F-

n

no

41,6 12:18 B D bc2e2

l'N'

r1 ,..

,.. ,...r % .-

155

))O\V',

""N n1:1' m

))O\V N'" ))O\V N'"

'J

,"m

")):1 'J 1mN" n"il:l illil '10N illil '10N

))O\V N'" 1'1Nil 10 m'i7i1"

DO

1'1Nil 10 m'i7i1"

155

%

.,.. r

r.,.. rn,..

"'lV

,,1lV

.,.. r1 .:::-

':> "'lV nN N'i'" "m nn ':l ll" o',!m,nn "'lV':l "nil N'" ll" ... ll" is KCXI OUVTlKEV .. , KCXI EVOTlOEV. Cf. Josephus: CXI080~EV05 r

%

V>

o

;::. w ::1.

o o

...

w CI:>

o I-

~

ö

o

KCXI WSEV '" KCXI Tl08ETO. ~

LXX Luc is

OUVEI5.

CI:>

ö

41,7 12:18-19 B D 156 LXX:

r.:

Q

r.:

h

r-

.R

Q

%

r .-

r-

.p .-

.,..

"t)" l'm', l"Niln "" o'i'" nn "nN" "m nnil "'lV 'N ""

41,8 D e2 (12:19-20) 156

Oil"N

.,..

r1

%

r1 ,..

,..

r.:

DO

h

'N\v" m'l 'N N'l" ,nn\V', mil' n'l N'l" m,o\V ",n', ':lN' on, m'l' - " "n,o\V O\V", ':lN' on, o\V", ':lN' on, r.: .-

m'\V',

41,9 B (12:20) D bc2e2 156-157

Q

%

.,..

Q

~ ~

Q

on, "

~

r.: r.:

r

r.: r.:

%

-

~

r

E>

E>

~

r1

.r

r1

r--

F F E;

N

Cl)

157

,'V

,'V

De2

n'\Vv '\vN ilTi1 'l'il iln "'N "'lV "nN" ':>N" on, " ,,'lV " r.:

~

r1

r

r1 .-

,-.,

1

.......

o

N

'-'"

.......

N

(12:20-21) N N

~..o

.... g

o

~OOtr)

DboC2

r .-

"lVl

41,10

COLUMN

41 (2 SAM. 12:14-13:13)

203

41,11 B (12:21-22)

"VJ mmJ ""

""

Doc2e2

Db 157-158

Dn~ ~'Nl11 l"mi' '~'il l"m '''N'' lJl11 nl:l~ '" '~'il '1)) n"l"" n,i'''' n"l11 mi''''

'I:lN"

n1'ilJ

""

1" n"l11

n~'N' n~m, nl:li' ,~m nl:l '''N'' 1"!)l n'l'V nl:l~ il~n ,~m

'I:lN"

i1nv, '~'i1

41,12 B (12:22-23)

mi''''

'm

mi1' 'lln' ON

D b'

Dbc2

ON

DO

ON

41,13 B (12:23)

'n1tlN " i1':1N' 'nl:l~ '"

v',

V'" 'tl 'n11:lN " ''IV!)l 'n'l'V '" ,'V "'i1 :1,'IV' N' N,m "'N "m 'lN ,'V ':1''lVi1' "'Ni1 O~ 'lN m i1tl, nl:l i1nV' "'i1 '" O'i1'Ni1 'lln'

:1''lVi1' mN

DO Db De2 DC2

'lN

41,14 12:23-24 B

"m

i10V :1,'IV" 1i1n,

O~

'lN O~

,,'i1

'lN O~ N'

,,'i1

'lN O~ "'i1 O~ 'lN m i1tl, nl:l

"1)V 'l'V:1 :1,,, 1:1'i1 'i1"

158

i1"N N':1" m'IVN V:1'IVn:1 nN " " on)', "N V:1'IV n:1 V:1'IV1N:1

De2

1i1m lOV :1''lVm

1:1'"

V:1'IV1N:1

D bo

1i1m lOV :1''lVm

1:1'"

V:1'IV1N:1

DC2

1i1m

1:1'"

V:1'IV1N:1

158

"'i1

'1V

"

De2

158

v,,, m

"m 1i1m V:1'IVn:1 OV :1,'IV" V:1'IVn:1 written without break is preserved at 39,22.

41 ,15 B (12:25) D boe2

N1i'" N':1li1 1m ":1 "" n,'IV" ':1i1N mi1" i10''IV 1O'IV nN N1i'" 1:1

11 l':l1 ''IV 110 ''IV

DC2 158-159

N':1li1 1m ":1

41,16 Db' (12:25-26)

CHAPTER TWO

1:11)

n:11 nN

159

204

1:1

" " " 110V 'l:1 n:11:1 :1N" on,', i1m' 1':1V:1 i1"'" 1O'IV nN n:1V1 nN 1:1':1

Do c2e2

41,17 B (12:26-27) D 160

110' ''IV l'o,'IV 1O'IV nN N1i'"

O'nll':lVi1

'V

:1N" 1'~'

i1:11:1 'non'l 10N" "" 'N O'N'O :1N" n,'IV" i1,,'0i1 1'V nN n:11:1 n:11:1

10N' 10N'

"0' :1n,',

41,18 Ob' (12:27-28)

,V illm

"Vil

OVil ,n' m~ /'pt>N ilnv, O'l'Jil N'l'. ,n'i1 OVil

ObOC2 e2

N'l'

159-160

N'l

41,19 Dbo (12:28-29)

ilnv, O'l'Jil "Pl'J nN 'n'"

nN "" ~'t>N" il"V 'l'JU> N'Pl' "Vil nN 'lN ""N 1!) i11", i11"N ilnN ilnN

De2 DC2

N'PN' nN

160

,'V nN 'n", Ol

~,t>N"

i11"N

ilnN

il"V 'l'JU> N'Pl'

ilnN i11",

LXX Luc confused the pronominal object ilnN "it" with the pronominal subject "you" and produced two doublets: "And capture it it lest I capture it I the city". 41,20 B (12:29-30) D 20:2 F G 160-161

'Vl'J O"l'J

n,,,v nN

np', i11,,"

ill on", ilnl' "" OVil ",

"'l'J

"'l'J O'nmVil "l'J

"" "" n,,,v nN"" np', i11,,"

ilnN

ilnN

on" ilnl' "" 'Nl~

For LXX-SamlLXXLuc-Sam: "'l'J (IlEAXOA) cf. LXXa-Sam: IlOAXw, the chief-priest's servant whose ear Peter amputated (John 18:10). 41,21 DO (12:30) 20:2 F G 161

"U>' "" U>N' ,V 'i1m il'P' llN' "U>' ", U>N' ,V

,u>',

Dnl '~,nl'

Db

'~,nl'

il'll'Jl OU>', i11ll'Jl OU>', m'll'Jl

DO

'~,nl'

m'll'Jl

'~',nl'

m'll'Jl il'll'Jl

'~,nl'

OC2 e2

Gb Ge2 161

'U>N'

llN ill' 'PU>l'J ilN~l'J" llN ill' il'PU>l'J N~l'J" llN ill' il'PU>l'J N~l'J" 'i1m O'N il'P' llN m1nl' li1T ,,, il'PU>l'J1

41,22 12:30-31 B

20:2-3 F

li1T ,,, il'PU>l'J1

llN ill'

N'~m

ill

'U>N OVil nN' 'Nl'J ill'il

N'~'il

"Vil

Pil

m'll'Jl m'Ul'Jl' i11ll'Jl m'Ul'Jl' m'll'Jl l,m illV ill 'U>N OVil nN' 'Nl'J ill'il N~l'J "Vil The variants are based on the equivalents: rrpiovil rrplwOI = i11ll'J, rrploOlv = m,ll'J, TPIßOAOIS" = o'~',n, oKErropvO\S"1 oKEprrovolS" = m'Tll'J.

COLUMN

41 (2

SAM.

12:14-13 :13)

205

m~V 'll

41,23 12:31 B

,'v ",

il\VV' 1"

onu~

1"Ol

"lvm

m'TlOl' 'T'lil 7T'lil

ola TOU ITAIV6EOU

Db DO DC2 De2

'T'lil m'TlY.l1

EV ~aOEßßa EV ~aOEßßav

'T'lil

EV ~aXEßßav

'T'lil m'TlY.l1

EV ~aOEßßa

'T'lil m'TlY.l1

""

20:3 F G 161

'T'lil

'1:1V' - ""

omlOVil

,'v ",

il\VV' 1"

The 1"0 is hybrid from 0"0 and "'0- see above to !ine 20. 1"0 is indistinguishable from sinee final nun with abbreviated shaft is identieal to a long waw. Cf. 34,27 the last letter in the !ine (waw) with the nun ending the seeond word in line 2 (the plate is Herbert, 252). Thus the 1'70 was an instrument to amputate the right ears of the Ammonites - fit punishment for a people who tortured the Israelites by gouging out their right eyes - see 1 Sam. 11:2 and its expansion at 4QSama X, 12-15. For Malko and the amputated ear see above to line 20. LXX-Chron: TOI$" rralOlV VIOI$"

"'0,

a\l\lWV "to servants of sons of Ammon" beeame in LXX Luc -Chron TOI$" VIOI$" a\l\lwv "to all sons of Ammon".

41,24 (12:31) F (20:3) G 162

41,25 13:1

o,\V'"

OVil "" "" l'\v" 'OV mN '\vN OVil O,\V'" ,'Oil l\V"

TIlTIN"

B

rraOl

,on ilO\v'

'Nn n!l' mnN "" II O"\vlN" l' ',nN 'il' - il~'

'TNY.l

D 162-163

'NO illilN" ,on ilO\v' 'NO 'Nn n~' mnN ", II O"\vlN' iln'm For LXX: KaAT} TW eloel = 'Nn n~' see 1 Sam. 25:3. Also possible are nlm ilN'O (2 Sam. 11 :2) or simply il~' as MT.

41,26 D (13:1-2) 163

N'i1 il,ml " mmN ,on "lVl m,nnil' 1U ON' ,~" "" II 1UON 1UON ilV' N'i1 il,ml OmN ", "'l 1UON

LXX Luc : e8AIßeTO appwaTla a\lvwv = 1UON nN ilV' ,~" "And (the) friend afflieted Amnon", referring to the friend Jonadab (see next line) who advised hirn to play siek (verse 5), or 1uON nN ilV' ,~n" referring to Tamar as "(the) girlfriend". For the eorrespondence between ilV' and appwaTla see Eeel. 5:12 and cf. 1 Sam. 1:6: iln,~ ilOt>V" "And her riyal harrassed her" or "And her problem aggravated her".

206

CHAPTER TWO

n'vr.l\!') 1l 1mm' 'r.l\!,)LV' lUr.lN'" nmNr.l n, m\!,)v, "l'Vl N'!l" nvr.l\!,) l'l" n, nmNr.l nvr.l\!,) lUr.lN 'l'Vl n'l" n, nmNr.l lUr.lN "l'Vl n, nmNr.l lUr.lN "l'Vl

41,27 13 :2-3 B

Dbo Db'

l'l"

DC2 163-164

41,28 B (13:3-4)

1m"

V"

", II ", '!lUr.l Vl~n "" ,n', Ur.lr.l ,n'Nn n"m

TIr.ln Tl " n" nnN

lmr.l " 'r.lN" 'Nr.l n,n \!')'N 1nnn', "" ,"N " " nr.l n'l'" - "" nr.l 1Ur.lN' - l'l'" " " nr.l 1Ur.lN' " " nr.l Ur.lN' " nnN nr.l 1Ur.lN'

'i'll 'i'll 'i'll'i'll 'i'll'i'll 'i'll 'i'll

Db DC2 De2 DO

lUr.lN "l'Vl 1Ur.lN "l'Vl

" nmNr.l n, nmNr.l

De2

" n" nnN " " nr.l " 'r.lN" 'Nr.l n,n Nm, LXX Luc : OUVTETT)Ka5 "melting away" for " = a09EVT)5 plays on the following 'i'll 'i'll as if it were '''l "'l "first born, first born" i.e. OUVTETOKa5 "her bearing (firstborns) together". Cf. Josephus, 195, which renders 2 Sam. 15:2: n"\!,)lN n"\!,)i11 with Ka9 EKaoTT)v 0 T)I1EpaV Op9105 = 'i'll 'i'lln',\!,)n. Josephus elevated the fraternal rivalry to that between Jacob and Esau, anticipating the Tekoite's sermon to David on birthrights (chapter 14 = column 42).

164

,"N n"\!,)lN n ,\!,) lN

41,29 13:4 B

mnN 'r.ln nN 11lr.lN " 'r.lN" " 1'ln N"n 'i'll 'i'll

N'

n"\!,)lN ,"N

D

N" 'lN nl nN 11lr.lN " 'r.lN"

164

1mN" EN !:il' ,nni11 'l'\!')r.l

41,30 13 :4-5 B

'V l'\!') l1l,n' 1m,n' "

D 165

,"N "lN Nl' ,nnn

41,31 13:5 B D boC2e2

'r.lN" li11N 'lN

n'l"

,mm

b'

"r.ln II 'i'll 'i'll

" 'r.lN" li11N 'lN

nn\!,)v, nn, 'l'lm 'l!l' 1r.lvm "N 'n1nN 'r.ln Nl N'ln "'N n'r.lN'

b'

D 165

" "

'nN n,\!,)m

" 'n1nN

Nl N'ln

n'r.lN'

To LXX Luc : KaI rrapaOTT)KETW (LXXoe2 : rrapeaTT)KETW) 1101 ~WI1I~ouoa for MTILXX: Kat ~WI110aTW I1E cf. Josephus 165: rrEI1~at TT)V aOEAT)V aUTW The epsilon in LXXoe2 added the hifil nuance: "she will make me stand" (see verse 8: "he was prostrate") and had as Vorlage 'nN OtaKOVT)OOI1EVT)v.

COLUMN

41 (2 SAM. 12:14-13:13)

207

instead of'l!:)7: "Let my si ster Tamar come and stand me and feed me". LXX be2 and Josephus understood 10vn as 1lvn "serve, wait on". For rraplOTaVai with dative to translate 1'OVil + accusative object see 2 Kings 8:11: Pl!:) nN 10V" Kai rrapeoTll TCU rrpoocurrou aUTou. For 'l!:)7 10V = rraplOTaval + dative object instead of rraplOTaVai evcuTTlov see Est. 8:4. 7nn', 1uON l:l'IV" il'1'O 'n7:1N' ilN'N ''lVN 1V07 il"lil nN 'l'V7 41,32 13 :5-6 i11'T.l B D i11'T.l 'l!:)? 165-166 7nn', muo 7V 1uON 7!:)" N'lnN' Verse 6b (Josephus 166), comes after the line end. It reads: m'N'7 ,70il Nl" i11'T.l il'lN' mll7 'n'IV 'l'V7 ll7m 'nmN ,on Nl N'ln ,7tJil 7N 1U ON 'ON" (LXX adds '7N after N'ln; LXX Luc : has 'l!:)7 instead of 'l'V7). The following chart Verse

13:5

shows how 4QSama and Josephus abbreviated the rape story: Bible Josephus (paragraph) Scrolliine

Say, Say, Say, Say,

13:6

13:7

13:8

13:9

Pretend siek! (165) Father will eome Say, "Send my sister!" Say, "She'lI wait on me!"

Lie and pretend siek! Y our father will eome Say, "Tamar will eome!" on7 'l'lnl! j"'lil 'l'V7 iln~Vl! ilN'N '~N Ivo7! "1'11 eat from her hand"

Amnon lay and played siek The king eame to see hirn Amnon: "Tamar will eome!" Amnon: 'n~ '1'V7 iln~Vl mll7 Amnon: il1'O il'lNl David sent for Tamar He said, "Go to Amnon!"

Amnon feigned iIIness (166) The father eame Amnon: "Send Tamar!"

The king ordered ""her brought He said, "Make levivoth!"

He said, il"lil17 '~Vl! She went to Amnon's house He was prostrate She took the dough She kneaded Pl'V7 ll7m nlll7il nN 7~lnl

With her brother looking on she kneaded the flour and made eakes (167)

She took the pan and poured

She fried and brought to hirn

line 30 line 30 line 31 Say, "She'lI stand before me!" line 31 Iines 31-32 line 32 line 32 line 32

line 33 line 33

lines 33-34 line 34 line 34 line 34 lines 34-35

LXXV deleted the last element of 13:7 and the first of 13:8. 41,33 13:7-8

B

Dboe2

De2 166-167

208

CHAPTER TWO

,on npm ,,"N 1U ON 7N Nl ':17 "ON7 iln'lil ,on 7N 1"1 n7'IV" n'l n~

,on 7N iln'lil ,on 7N iln'lil

l1l'JN npm mll7 m'IVV7 il7 'ON ilV'lil ''lVN:I' ,on nN N'lil7 ,~"

The second half ofthe line is restored as LXXv, which omits after 1'nN: l:>\v N,m n,"N 1uON n'l ,on 1,m n"ln " '\VV' (LXX244 shortens the extra text to: 1,m n"l " '\VV,; LXX and LXX Luc have n"l for n"ln; LXXe2 has 1100N for 1UON). Josephus 166 says that he (David) ordered her brought, and when she arrived he told her to make the cakes.

n,\Von nN npm mll,n nN '\Vlm "l'V' ll,m \V"m p::iln nN 'P::i' 'l '\vN "l!)' l,nn l,nn "l!)' 'P::i' 'l '\vN l,nn mll' "l!)' 'P::i' 'l '\vN '\Vlm "l'V' ll,m \V"m p::iln nN MT slipped and let the 4QSama form \V"m replace the massoretically correct \V,m, whose pointing appears under \V"m. LXXLuc : EI5 ° arroXEouOIV = 'P::i' 'l '\vN confused the frying pan = n,\Vo with Amnon's servant, also n,\Vo, to whom Amnon "called" (verse 17: ,n,\Vo "Vl nN N'p',) to eject her from

41,34 Dbc2 (13:8-9) D e2 DO 167

the house after the rape. But it was Tamar, not Amnon, who "screamed" (verse 19: npVT1 1"n 1'm). LXX Luc understood 'P::i' 'l '\vN "which they poured in it" as 'PV::i' 'l '\vN "which they yelled at hirn" for ejecting Tamar. 41,35 DboC2 (13:9)

De2 167-168

,:> 'N::i" ,'vo \V'N ,:> 'N'::i,n 1UON 'ON" ':>N' 1VO" "l!)' p'::im ,:> ,,'VO \V 'N ,:> ,'vo ,,'VO \V'N ,:> ,'vo 'N::i" ,,'VO \V'N ,:> 'N'::i,n "'lV' '::i" ':>N' 1VO" " Nlm mlN' "nn n"ln

41,36 D e2 (13:9-10) D boC 2 168

41,37 (13:10) 168 41,38 13:11-12 B

"nn n"ln

'N'ln 'On'N

N' " 'ONm 'OV 'l:>\V 'N,l n, 'ON" m,nN 'mnN

DC2* 41,39 13:12-13 B D 168

"

'N'ln ,on 'N 1U ON 'ON" ,,'VO \V'N 110N 'ON"

n"nn n,"N 1UON' N'lm nn\Vv '\vN mll,n nN ,on npm,,'O nN'll 'n"

D b' D boc2e2

168

"

N'" 'ONm

'OV'l:>\V

nl PTn" ':>N' "'N \Vlm

1UON 1uON 110N n, 'ON" nl PTn"

'lN' nNTn n'lln nN n\Vvn 'N 'N'\V'l P

l'N ':> 'll»n 'N ,"N n\Vv' N' n\Vv' N'

nNTn n'lln nN n\Vvn 'N 'N'\V'l P n\Vv' N' ':> 'll»n 'N ,"N

COLUMN

41 (2 SAM. 12:14-13:13)

209

Column 42 (2 Sam. 13:13 - 14:3) Herbert, 260, Plate XXVII iln)n "N''l>'l D'''llil ,m~:I il'i1n ilmn 'n!),n nN 1''''N illN - 1"n N" illN' iln)" D'''llil ,nN:I il'i1n ilnN' un'l il!),n N'lil"

42,1 D (13:13) 168-169

.,V

illOO ptn', il"'i'l VUl'l>" illN N'''' 100 'lVlO' VlO'

42,2 DO (13:13-14) 169

N"':I J"Oil "N Nl ' l '

il"'i'l VUl'l>" illN N'" 100 'lVlO' N"':I 'PlN "N

'l'

42,3 (13: 14-15) ilNl'l>il il""l ':1 'NO il""l ilNl'l> lUON ilNl'l>" ilnN l:l'l>" illV'l 169-170 lUON ilNl'l>" illV" LXX has E\.lEIOEV ... \.lEI005 ... \.lEI005 "he diminished ... diminution .. . diminution" instead OfE\.llOEV ... 1.11005 ... 1.11005 "he hated ... hatred .. . hatred". BrookelMcLean indicated the variant with "B*", but the facsimile edition reveals no correction in the manuscript. Perhaps LXX meant E\.lETpTJOEV ... \.lETpTJ0I5 ... \.lETpTJ0I5 "he measured ... measurement ... measurement" to determine how much he should hate her. 'ONm1 ',7 '01i' l1lON n7 'ON" nlnN 'IVN nlnNn 'ONn1

42,4 13:15-16

B 170

'ONn1 ',7 'O'i'

nl1IVN,nO i1l"nNn

r,,\!)v '\!)N

nv,n n7"l

m\!)N'i10 m,nNiI i1V'i1 i1?1l mnNO nNTiI i1V'O

~

':J 'TIN N? ,on '2

~

170

'IV~

n7 'ON'1

'ln2\!)? 'OV

42,5 13:16 B

nNlIV

)0

'ln?\!)? 'ov n'\!)v '\!)N mnNO

n'1N?N n'1N ?N mmN

nNTiI i1?,,:1iI i1V'i1 m1N ?N

LXX: UTTEP ETalpaV "more than (rival) girlfriend" confused i1V' "(female) friend/rival" with ilV' "evil" (see to 41,26). Cf. Judges 11:2: n,nN il'l>N ll':I ilnN OTI UI05 YUValK05 ETalpa5 ou and Sir. 41 :20: i11t "N ll'lnm aTTO OpaEw5 YUValK05 ETalpa5. Perhaps restore il'~ilO (correcting il,t at Sir. 41 :20), and see 1 Sam. 1:6 where i11~ "trouble" and i1,t "other woman" are combined in one word: i1n,~. See to 41,26 and 45,9. LXXb correctly recognized MT/LXX: m'N as nnN "si ster" with chet-waw tumed to dalet. 42,6 13: 16-17 B D 170

n71n

7Vl1

nNT nN m7IV 'ON'1 m,IVo "Vl nN N'i'" n7 VlOIV7 nlN N71 Nl n:::nnn '7VO ,7 Nl mnnn '7VO n'ln IVN' nN n7'i'l i1::nnn '7VO Nl,7 m'l IVN' nN n7'i'l tlvn 7" IVoIVn 'l'V 'l07 nno,n nN 1'71n7 n7 i11:::1 " n7'7n 1V nlIV7 n7 1m N7,

LXX 44 omits il~mil; LXX hu and OL omit Nl.

210

CHAPTER TWO

,V

42,7 ilV'P il"V ''lVN C't)!lil nln:n il'IVN' c'lVm '!lN ,on npm il',nN 13:17-19 B '!lN 'ONn 171 ilV'P ilnln:J' il'IVN' ,V '!lN '!l'IVm The copyist skipped from one il',nN n'1il 'Vl' to the other and thus deleted verse 18: j"1nN n~'il ~Vl1 l'mil 1n1\!)l:l iln1N N~'1 O'~'Vl:l n1~mlil1~l:lil nlll i1l\!)l~n P '::1 0'1:)0 mm il'~V1 MT il'1nN n~'il ~Vl1 l'milm1\!)l:l iln1N N~'1 Oil'~'Vl:l n1~mlil1~l:lil nlll i1l\!)l~n P '::1 0'1:)0 mm iln'il il'~V1 LXX il'1nN n~'il ~Vl1 l'1nil pll:lN n1\!)l:l iln1N N~'1 Oil'~'VO n1~mlil1~oil nlll i1l\!)l~n P '::1 0'1:)0 mm il'~V1 LXX Luc Oil'~'Vl:l n1~mlil1~l:lil nlll i1l\!)l~n P '::1 0'1:)0 mm ilnm il'~V1 LXX d O'i' lI:)'l n1~1nlil i1l\!)l~n P'::1 171

The haplography measures exactly one line of the text according to LXXd - see Plate XXXVII, number 8. ,,:J nN VO'IV 1"1 "om ilpvn ,"il "m il'IVN' 'V il'1' nN c'lVm 42,8 m' 13:19-21 1"1 ,'Oil VO'IV" B nN 1" il'lN VO'IV" "Vil m~nnl ilpvn ,"il "m 171-173 After ilpvn comes verse 20, which the scribe omitted to bring Tamar's wailing in proximity with David's hearing (and altemativeiy restore 8-9 n'l10TI il"P instead ofC"l1TI ":J). NU' 1mN '\!)'1ni'l mmN i'ln)n 10V i'l'i'l l'nN lll'ONi'l i'lmN C"\!)lN i'l"N 10N" MT i'lmN C"\!)lN n'l i'lOO\!), 10n l\!)n'l i'lti'l 1l" 1l' nN m'\!)n 'N 1mN ':J '\!)'1ni'l mmN i'lnv, 10V i'l'i'l 1mN l'llONi'l i'lmN O"\!)lN i'l"N 10N" LXX i'lmN O"\!)lN n'll illO'N 10n l\!)n, i'lti'l 1l" 1l" 1l' nN m''lVn 'N N'i'l 'N N'li'l 1mN ':J '\!)'1ni'l mmN i'lnv, 10V i'l'i'l 1mN l'llONi'l i'lmN O"\!)lN i'l' 10N" LXX Luc i'lmN m'\!)lN n'll i'lOO\!), 10n l\!)n'l i'lO'NO 1l" 1l'l m'\!)n LXXC2: i'lti'l 1l' for i'lO'lNO (ETI error for Em); LXX e2: 1~t>n'l (KaI EKAEIOE) instead of l\!)n'l.

,'V

N~1 ilTil 1l'~ 1l~ nN 'n'\!)n ~N N1il1,"N '\!)'1nil ilnV1 10N'1 1l'il ~V 01~\!)lN il~N\!)'1 172 il,"N 01~\!)lN n'l i1ll:l~N::1 l\!)n1 i'1VT~ 11'1:)m

Josephus: Xl1pEUOuoa TTapa a~aACUI1CU TCU aOEA

De2 175

,mN' "'Vl nN

42,19 13:28 B

onnm )UON nN ,:m O:"'N ",'ON' 1":1 1UON :1, :1,,' '~N:J Nl 'NJ onom :1,,,:J -

,~"

- nN'

Db

U"N

DO*

1lON

Db'

onom

175

"Vl

42,20 13:28-29 B

O:J"N ",'ON' 1":1 1UON :1, :1,," '~N:J

'~V"

,m 'l:1' "m mm O:JnN

"",~

':JlN ':J

N"n ':>lN N"n ':J

- nN' 'N'

'N'", 'N mN

'~lN

De2

175-176 '~V" 'N'", 'N mN To LXX: OTI OUXI sycu SIIJI 0 EVTEAAOIJSV05 for 'n',~ ':JlN ':J cf. 2 Sam. 12:8 (40,28-29): sycu SIIJI 0 XPI(J05 (JS SI5 ßomAEa STTI ICJPOTjA Kai sycu SIIJI " 0 ' ,'nn~o ':JlN. sycu SIIJI is derived EPU(J0IJTjV (JS for ,'n,~n ':>lN' 'N'~' from ':>UN through word division to ':> 'lN and conversion of kofto bet to mem to

'V

get '0 'lN "I am (the one) who". LXX Luc disregarded the ligature as throughout Samuel and wrote simply EVTEAAOIJOI.

'V

42,21 13:29 B

,:1:J," ,zon 'l:1 Z:J ,mp',

~'N

O"~:1N

onN -

m~ '~N:J

1UON' O"~:1N

O"~:1N

DO

'V

176

':J ~'N

,:1:>," "on 'l:1 ':J ,mp',

42,22 13:29-30

D

m~ '~N:J

n:Jn ,mN' "" 'N nN:1 nvm~m ",:1 non i'n~

l,n ,mN' ", 'N nN:1

176

nvm~m

'i1"

nm', ",!) n'l"

,,1:1 non 'n', nm', H:"t:1

LXX Luc : lTETTaiKEV = i'n~ with sin "he derided" instead of STTOTO~SV == n:>n "he smote" is supported by OL: mactauit "he ground up" = i'n~ with shin. Cf. 11 QPsa: XXI, 17: ni'n~N' ",mT (Sir. 51: 18, zayin in the alphabetical song). LXX rendered this - Vulgate similar - oisvoTj8Tjv yop TOU TTOITj(JaI OUTTjV, where ni'n~N' became n:> n~VNt The wordplay infected the next entry (chet in the poem) in the Geniza-B version, which has n:1 '~!)l "'i'~n "my soullusted for her" instead of 11 QPsa/LXX:

n:1

'~!)l

",',n "my soul strove for her". COLUMN

opn~N' "I will

42 (2 SAM. 13: 13-14:3)

213

grind them" appears in the closing song of2 Samuel at 22:43 = Psalm 18:43 (52,12 q.v., 4QSama: Ol'p'N). pn'IV "ground up" suits the context: Absalom ground up (to dust) Amnon to repay hirn for his causing Tamar to place dust on her head (verse 19). If LXXLuc really meant pn'IV "deride" then read '" at line 23 instead of nN ". Most likely he meant with pn'IV - as LXX and Latin show at Sir. 51: 18 - n'IVl' n, "did thus" to agree with verse 29: "And Absalom's lads did to Amnon". 1nN

42,23 D (13:30) 176

onY.l ,nu N" "Y.ln 'll " 1l' onl

nN O"'lVlN

"Y.ln 'll " nN O"'lVlN

42,24 13:31 B D 177

nN l',p', o,p',

n~'N

l''IV'' O'1ll 'l'"p P1ll' ,ml "Y.ln o'p" op"

nN l',p',

The additional text paraphrases verse 31 b - see to next line. 42,25 13:31-32 B

DCz Dboez

177-178

nN

"" ""

'l1N 'Y.lN' 'N 'Y.lN" 1"1 'nN n'l'Y.l'IV II 1nl,n' 1l'" "1ll nl'Y.l'IV l1lP l'Y.l'IV l1lP " "Y.ln nl'Y.l'IV l1lP 'Y.lN' nl'Y.l'IV

'Y.lN'

-

'l1N 'Y.lN' 'N ,mN' 1" 'nN l'Y.l'IV II 'lVnl,n' 1l'" P1ll Verse 31 b, which Josephus omitted, comes after P1ll: tJ"ll 'V'i' tJ'l~l "'lV 7:" il~'N l'1I>" MT tJil"ll 'V'i' 1'7» 'l~l '1I>N 1'1:1» 7" il~'N l'1I>" LXX LXX o (tJ"lVil)

42,26 13:32 B D 178 42,27 13:32-33 B D 178 42,28

O"'lVlN '!l

'V',

tJ'1ll

'»'i' 1'7V 'l~l 1'1:1» 7" il~'N

nY.l " l ' 1UY.lN ON "

nmn nm ~Nl mY.l O'7'IVlN C'JN ,n' " nY.lp '1l7 1UY.lN ON " ,nY.l ,7Y.ln 'll 7" 'l7 7N ,7Y.ln 'l1N O'IV' 7N nnl" ,nmN 'Y.ln nN 7l' 7l' O'IV' 7N ,7Y.ln 'l1N

n'n nY.l''IV nn'n nY.l''IV nnm 'Y.lNn 'Y.ln mmN nN 1UY.lN nul' O'7'IVlN '7 mul' OPY.l 'Y.ln nN 'l

CHAPTER TWO

mul' OPY.l

nY.l "l7 1UY.lN ON " mY.l "Y.ln ~l 7' ,mN' 'l1

"

"

DO

214

LXX Luc

mmn "Y.ln 'll ", O"l'ln

Dbczez (13:33)

42,29 B (13:34) D 179

l1l>"

O"7,n l ' ol' mm N'" "l'l' nN n!l,~n 'l'ln N'IV" O"'lVlN ,7m ,7m N'IV" 7l'"

'N'"

'lVl" 'l'Y.l'IV"

ml" must have been written in smal11etters above O"\!)lN. "nil 'll illil "nil 'N 1nnil' ,nN" "ml 'ilil ,~n l'l" l'l"

42,30 13:34-35 B D boC2

",nN ,"l

",n

TTlV

l'l"

DC2 De2

TTlV

oöov TTlV OCUpOIJ.l ooov TTlV OOp01>1

TTlV

ooov TTlV

LXX and LXXLuc add after "ml: 'M 'T~O INl"," 1''T0 'n'N' O'1VlN 'ON')1~0~ 'Tl') no)~n Nl')

OOP>I

LXX LXX Luc

,nn 'T~O o',n~ 1''T0 O'1VlN '!1'N' nN' 'ON') 1~0~ 'Tl') no)~n Nl') LXX: EK TllS' ooou TllS' c.uPc.uvllv (lNl",n ",n above) is meant to explain ,"l ",nN in the main text, which is senseless, since the king's sons fled from Absalom, not behind hirn. Thus c.uPc.uvllv is an inexact transcription of u',nN "after us"; cf. Josephus 207: xc.upavov for o',n(l) - see to 45,21. The lookout, whose message as it stands in the text is a prophecy of Absalom' s rebellion, said, according to the LXX correction: "I saw men (coming) in the way after us", where EK is deliberately false to draw attention to MT' s incorrect ,,'l. Most of the Greek sources didn't understand the gloss and rendered it as "mountainous" 0PEIVOS' (so LXXch*x and Eth.) or similar, while Josephus 179 says that "the is code for "from David" (see noise caused them to turn around". MT: to 44,35), and the prophecy ofthe lookout is: "Look! A great throng (turned away) from David after (Absalom)!" The prophecy was fulfilled at 15:12 (45,11 q.v.).

",n

'N\!)" 'Nl "nil 'll illm 'l" m"" 'il" il'il P "lV 'l" 'Nl 'N\!)" 'Nl "r.li1 'll illm

42,31 (13:35-36) 179

O"\!)lN' 'Nn ,,,) "l "l "'lV "" "nil 0)' "l" O"i'

42,32 B (13:36-37) 179-180 42,33 13:37 B

DO Db DC2 De2

180

,'"n

O"\!)lN'

"" ""

"'l "l "l "'lV "" "nil 0)' "l" O"i'

"nil 'lNn', o,'n f'Nl ,,\!)) "n "nmN P

m,n

-

o,'n,n l'n,n 'l,n

,nn ilnN,n 1n,n oN,n iln,n

,,\!),) "\!)) "\!)) "\!)) "\!)) ,,\!)) "n

,m'nN "nmN "n'nN "n'nN ,m'nN

'N "" ml

,nN lN 'N ml To the LXXlLXX Luc addition see 2 Sam. 10:16-17: 'N'\!)'" nN ~t)N" ,,,, ')" ilnN,n Nl" l"'il nN 'lV". LXX: EIS' TllV Ilaxao, i.e. n,nnn, refers to Joshua's crossing ofthe Jordan on the next day (Josh. 3:2), or - more likely - the scribe switched the 11 and the X, read the 11 as 1\ and thus XAAAAM became MAXAll written backwards. LXX/LXX Luc connected ,,\!)), Absalom' s place of refuge, with ,\!)), post-Biblical Hebrew for river-crossing.

COLUMN

42 (2

SAM.

13:13-14:3)

215

42,34 13:37-38 B D

DC2* 180

D'l\V \V'.,\V D\V 'i1" "\V:I ,.", ml D'''\vlN' D'tJ'i1 .", "ll .,y Ul Ul "\v1:1 ,\v:I ,\v:I D'l\V \V'.,\V D\V 'i'" rm " Ul lUON "Y Dm " D'''\vlN Ul "N

42,35 13:39 B D boC2

- "Y - "Y

'\vN

D e2 181

1"1 ,"on

1'" 1'"

ny,pn lN" n"\V', D'''\vlN .,y ,"on l" N" Dm lN"

n',,~

1l lN" Y1"

Nl '\Vl'" Nl '''lNnn n'''N lNP 'ON'" no,n n\VN D\VO np"

42,37 14:2 B

n"

Dboc2e 2 182

1"

",m

'\vN ',nN 'l'\Vn" 1'1 n"\V',

42,36 D b' (14:1-2) 182

D b'

,"on "',

nN~"

n" n"

D\V

'\Vl" 'ON" nlPT n\VN np" c For 'ON'" see line 4: ,0N,m, and see 4QSam i,5: 'ONm with waw added supralinearly between ale! and mem and line 6 there: '01N" (Ulrich 1979, 5 line 5 left).

42,38 B (14:2) D 182 42,39 14:2-3 B D b'

.,y n'lNno D'l' D'O' m n\VN' n"m l0\v ',nm 'N' 'lN '1ll D'O' m no ,y n'lNno 'lN '1:1l .,y D"l1n nN lN" D\V"

n:J:J ""N n'l1' "on "N nNl' non mn 'l1' no mn 'l1' D'l' ,"on "N

Do c2e2

182

nTi1 'l1' ""N

n'l1'

""N nNl'

Column 43 (2 Sam. 14:3-33) Herbert, 261, Plates XXVIII, XLIII and XLIV Verses 7-33 (lines 7-39) appear also at 4QSamc I-II,20, edited by E. Ulrich (see Ulrich 1979 in bibliography). The text of 4QSamc - newly restored, see Plates XLIII to XLV - is given, line by line partitioned according to the lines in 4QSam a , beneath

216

CHAPTER TWO

the restored line of 4QSama, to which the remaining lines, the variant lines, are keyed. The Tekoite woman's apology to David (verses 15-17) is omitted both in 4QSama restored and by Josephus (see the note under at page 4); and the missing text is supplied between lines 15 and 16 of 4QSam a, with - at the top - the 4QSamc line, to which the following variant lines - with their gaps indicating agreement, dashes indicating omission, and replacement text - pertain. The 4QSamc lines are tagged with columnlline number of the preserved fragments. Where the underlining of letters seems to disagree with the evidenee ofthe photo in BASOR 235, see the printed restoration ofUlrieh, who had the seroll at his disposal. 43,1 14:3-4 B

,V "!lm "r.m 'N n'v,pni1 i1\VNi1 N'lm

" mmvm i1~'N i1'!lN

i1'!l 'ONn, i1'!ll i1'!ll i1'!ll

DO C2

De2* 43,2 14:4-5 B D 182

i1' mn\V',

i1\VN 'lN

43,5 B (14:7) Do c2e2

'ON', i1v\Vm ,'Oi1 i1V\v,i1 'ONm

"0

i1"N i1\VNi1 i1\VNi1 'ONm

43,3 14:5-6 B D 182 43,4 B (14:6-7) D 182-183

'ONn, " i10 ,'Oi1 i1'

m\Vl 0i1')\V '~)" O')l ')\V ,nON" '\V'N nm', ')N i1m'N ,nn!l\V" ':J)N ,rm!l\V' 0)' 0i1')\V m\Vl m\Vl ,~)" O')l ,nn!l\V' i1n!l\VOi1 ':J i10P 'Op

mm mN no', mm

,nNi1 nN ,nNi1 ,:J', Oi1')'l "~O l'N' "nN "nN ,nN no', ,nNi1 n~ ,nNi1 i1:J', Oi1')'l "~O l'~'

)'i1'\vN "nN \V!l)l mn'm,

"n~

i1:J0

nN ')n "ON" ,nn!l\V ,mN'

Db

n'm,

,mN'

183

'i1n;Oi1'

i1n!l\vOi1'\vPl

43,6 1,1 14:7 B D bc2e2

DO 183

\V'N' O'\V 'n'l' '\V'N' O\V m'l'

i1'i1' '\V'~

i1'i1'

i1'N\v) '\vN 'n,m nN 'l:J' m'N\vi1

" "

\v,,,i1 nN

'N\v)

Y'~')i1

-

0:J\v,,, i1l:J', 0:J\v,,,

'N\v)

Y'~')i1

-

i1l:J', 0:J\v,,,

'V

'N

m'O\V),

0) 0)

mpTi1 ,nn!l\V' i11N\v)i1 m,"'i1 i1"pni1 nN ml:J"

COLUMN

43 (2

SAM.

14:3-33)

217

LXXLuc : UTTap~al is here rendered, literally, j"jP; but more correct is its twin i1H'l', that is tJlV(i1), the divine "name". LXX (8eo8at) read, with MT, tJ'lV; but LXXLuc chose to play on tJlV, which reappears after the next word: which suggested to LXXLuc (though he didn't translate so) 'lVN "fire offerings", from which only a spark (LXX: ember) remains. 'lV'N,

43,7 1,1-2 B (14:7-8) D 184

,,'v

43,8 1,2-3 14:8-9 D

i11~N 'lN' O"'lVJ ,n'J' ", ,Imil 'l'JN" ill'J1Nil 'l!:l i11~N "UN' m''lVJ ,n'J' ", il'IV~il 'N "l'Jn 'l'J'N" ill'J1Nil 'l!:l O"'lVJ il'IVNil 'N

i11~N

'lN'

'JN n'J 'JN n'J " ,

'v, 'v,

'V 'V

n"N'IV' O'IV O'IV n"N'IV' il,m O'IV' n"N'IV

,n'J' ", il'IVNil 'N "l'Jil 'l'JN"

PVil l"Vil

"V "l'Jil 'N n'v,pnil il'IVNil 'l'JNm

"l'Jil 'l1N "l'Jil 'l'1N

,'v

,'v "l'Jil'N

,nn!:l'IV p1N

'v

",v

n'vpnil il'IVNil 'l'JNn, il"'V

N" "N mNJi11 ,"N 'J1l'Jil "l'Jil 'l'JN" 'Pl 'Nt>" "l'Ji11 43,9 N'" "N mmNJi11 ,"N 'J1l'Jil 'l'J "l'Jil 'l'JN" 'i'l il"l'Jl'Ji11 'Nt>" "l'Jil m1N' 1,3-4 'l'J B (14:9-10) 'J1 "l'Jil Nt>" D

43 ,10 r"l'i10 ,'m'N mil' nN ,'Oi1 Nl ,:n' 'ONm ' l nV:l' 1'V tl't>' 1,5 n'l'ilO i1:>'m'N···· nN ,'Oil Nl "T' 'ONm i1'l VU, 1'V tl't>" 'l tl't>n B (14:10-11) pm'N D 'l" tJN" tJ'm'N 'l1N i1lVNi1 In 4QSamc waw was added above the mem in 'ONm. 43,11 1,6 Db' (14:11)

n,v'lVo "!:l' ON i11il' m

'ON"

'll nN "'O'IV' N"

nn'IV' 01il

'N~

n,v'lVl'J '!:l' ON' ... m 'l'J'N" 'lJ nN '1'l'J'IV' N'" nn'IV' 01il 'N'~ - "l'Jil 1'l'J'lVn O"~J nN O"NUil ,'Oil

Dboc2e2 43,12 "J1 1,7-8 "J1 B (14:11-12)

1'l'J'lVn

O"~J

nN O"N'lil

il'IVNil 'l'JNn, il'IVNil ,mNn,

'l'JN" 'J1 "l'Jil 'l1N'N ,nn!:l'IV Nl 'J1n 'l'J'N" }J1 "l'Jil 'l'1N 'N il,nn~'IV Nl 'J1n

il~'N il~'N

"l'J

b'

D D boc2e2 43,13 1,8-9 14:13 B D 184

n'v'pnil

,'Oil mi1'

tJV'V nNT' nllVn

'l1i1,,0i1

'l1m

'l1i1 ,'Oi1

'l1m J;pm,N tJv 2l...nNH' i1nllVn i10, i1lVNi1 ,mNm

i10, i1lVNi1 'ONm i10"

'!lO'N tJ'il1'N 'lvm nNT:> i1nllVn

i10" i10, i1lVNi1 'ONm

Originally the text read i1Ti1 'l1i1 ,'Oi1 1lVO' "and the king avoids doing this

218

CHAPTER TWO

,lJ ,lJ

word". 1lV became 'lV, and thus LXXLuc : KCXI EK TOU TTCXPEA8EIV TOV ßCXOlAECX TOV AOYOV TOUTOV TOU EYKpCXTEuo8cx I came into being with "avoid" doubly rendered - through KCXI EK and EYKPCXTEUo8cxl. Also at 2 Sam. 7:21 LXX Luc doubled on 1:1Vl1l1: n'\Vv 11lV "lVl' l'l1 "lVl- see to 37,13. The confusion between 1:1VO and ,l10 infected 14:20 (line 21), where LXX rendered 'l1i1 with TOV OOAOV = ilO'ViI, which, through mem/bet interchange becomes ill1ViI i.e. 'l10il - cf. the synonyms ilO'O and ilO'V and the difference between prH..lcx "word" and EpEJ.105 "desert". Or ilO1ViI was simply transliterated to Greek eremoj-iI = 'l10il. OOAOV was also confused with OOUAOV = 1lV and thus 'lV as above. The "avoiding doing" doubly expressed is also evident at 2 Sam. 15 :28 (45,3-4): 'l10il m'lVl iloilono ':m~ - read 'l1i1 1'lVO iloilono ':m~ - where LXX left m'lVl untranslated: EV cxpcxßw8. Cf. 1 Sam. 1 :6: ilOV'iI "lVl, mi staken for illV'iI "lVl "to the point of starvation." 43,14 1,9-10 14:13-14

B

O"llil 0'0:" III no ':I iI~'N O"llil 0'0:1' mm nm N':I mmnm omn\VliI mmnm iI~'N

,n1l nN l lmil m1l nN l lmil uoo n1lil uoo n1li1

nbOC2 De2

III nO':I

184-185 43,15 1,10-11 ... 16 14:14 . .. 18 B

1»" 1»"

mJ uoo n",

III nN

'N

ll'\viI m'l'

l\!)n1 \!)!lJ OiP'»

rn:l\vno

mJ uoo m' m'l' rnl\!)nO

m'

l'\viI m'l' ilTiI l\ViI m'l' O\VN:I ilTiI O\VN:I O\VN:I

l\!)n1 \!)!lJ

Oi"'» o'm'N

N\!)' N"

o'm'Nil N\!)"

Db'

Tll\!)nO TlN ,'Oil

De2

!'ll\!)no

,'Oil

D boc2e2

!'ll\!)no

,'Oil

N'

N\!)' N'" '!lON' N" 1\!)N

om'N

m'l'

IJON'

-

'!lON'

1\!)N

'!lON'

1\!)N

To LXX boc2e2: OUK EATTll;EI ETT CXUTO Y;UXTJ, LXx b : OUK EATTll;EI ETT CXUTW Y;UXTJ for \V!)l om'N N\v' N' cf. Jer. 44: 14: O\v!)l nN O'N\v)O ilOl '\VN, (54:14) aUTOI EATTll;oUOlV TCXl5 Y;UXat5 CXUTWV. LXXLuc understood MT as mi staken for \V!)l Oil"V N\v' N" "and he won't concern himself about (the spilled water)". The parallelism "son" / "water" is accentuated by LXX at 2 Sam. 7:12 - see to 37,3. To "lifting soul" in the Christian context see lohn 10:24: "The Jews surrounded (Jesus) and said, 'When will you lift up OUf soul?'" Ulrich left much unrestored at lines 10-11; see his note at pages 1112. Marcus (VII-VIII, 103) erred in his note a to Ant. vii,185: "The woman's second speech is considerably amplified by Josephus". 2 Sam.14 describes a Jour-part speech built from: 1) presentation of the story in verses 5-7; 2) dialogue with David in verses 8-12; 3) sermonette in verse 14; 4) apology in 13-17. 1) and 2) are the subject matter of Josephus 182184; and the short paragraph 185, to which Marcus appended the note cited above, ends with TEAE05 0 CXVOTJTOV EIVCXI TTpoo8Elval TW TTCXPCX yvwJ.lTJv aTTo8cxvoVTI UIW CXAAOV EKOUOlW5, which concIudes the woman's words at verse 14 by highlighting two LXX Luc variants there: III no ':I for nm ':I nml and nl\Vno l'Oil l\Vn1 for ml\Vno l\Vn1, as weIl as the LXX Luc variant

COLUMN

43 (2 SAM. 14:3-33)

219

'll 1'O\!m N" for 'll '1'0\!)' N" from verse 11. From verse 14 Josephus jumped to David's response at verse 18, deleting the rest ofthe apology.

1,11 end

'l1' 'l1Nl '\!)N

Dboc2e2

1,12 14: 15 B D

,'mil

ill1V'

,V

'l1N

D b'

,V

'N

Nl i11J'N il:mml\V 'lJ1Nm OVil '11N" N" ilfil 'J'il nN '11'N

'l'N

,nn!)\V

'l'N ,'Oil

,OV

il'J,n

'l'N ,'Oil

il'J,n

-

mON l1N "~il' "Oil

1,13 B (14:15-16) D

VO\!)'

N':> 'l10N 'l1 l1N ,'Oil il\!)V' "'N

"~"

,mNm tPm'N l1,nlO 1n' 'll l1N' 'mN 1'O\!)il'

'l'1N 'l1N

D be2

P

o'm'N ,N'O:> N':> ilnuo, "Oil 'l'1N 'l1 Nl 'il' il\!)Nil tJm'Nil ,l1no\!) mnlO' ,l1no\!) N'il mil' ilnlO' mil'

DboC2 D be2: Nm is

OUT0S"

instead of OUTUJS" . il:>OV m' il:>'m'N . . .. ,

m' 'OV 'il' 'OV

DO '\vN

,J,

'N\VN

lnJil

vm\!),

,'Oil

V"

'100 ',mn Nl 'N il\VNil 'N 'ON'1

1m "Oil 'ON" ,'Oil 'l1N Nl 'l1' il\!)Nil 'ONm 1m "Oil ,mN" ,'Oil 'l'1N Nl 'l1' il\!)Nil ,mNm Nl

,,:>:1

lNP

1m "Oil 'ON"

POil' \!)'N tJN ,'Oil 'l1N ,\!)Ol '" "0' il\!)Nil 'ONm il\!)Nil Ivm l1NT pom, \!), tJN 1'Oil 'lnN ,\!)Ol '" "0' il\!)Nil 'ONm l1NT \!)N \!), ,l1N

43,18 1,19 14:19 B D b' D boc 2e2 186

tnN "0' i1Ji'Til 'ONm

The reconstruction of 4QSam a agrees with Herbert, 158 and corrects Ulrich 220

,'Oil

'lJ1N" l1'v'pni1 i1'1!)Ni1 l1N ,'mi1 il\VN' -

ON 'J'il nN

":>l ,l1N lNP ":>l 1l1N lNP

v,m

tJ'm'Nil

1n'N 'N'\v "lN ''I!)N' ,:l,i1 l1N 'mD "n'l1 Nl 'N

43,17 1,18 D (14:18-19) 186

,l1no\!)

ilnlO'

1,16 begin D bc2e2 (14:17)

,nN 'N1\V 'lN

\!)'Nil tpO \!)i'l'\!)N \!)i'l '\!)N

mil'

1,15 14:17 B

1,16-17 D (14:18)

,'mil

"~,

1,14 B (14: 16-17) D

43,16

'N

CHAPTER TWO

l1NT

1979, 9 (and 12 note to line 19) who reconstructed according to letter count: l'Y.l'il' 'IV' CN "Y.lil 'l"N ''IV~l '" "Y.lil 'N 'Y.lNm il'IVNil 1vm nNT Ulrich further erred at that note in.basing his restoration "Y.lil 'N at 4QSamc 1,19 on LXX, which has TW ßOOlAEI = "Y.l'. C'IV N'in 'ml N'il lNP 11lV ':J "Y.lil 'l1N 'l1 ''lVN ':JY.l 'NY.l'IVil" 43,19 C'IV ilN'in m~ il~'n lN" 11lV W:J "Y.lil 'l"N 'l1 ''lVN ',:JY.l "NY.l'IVil" 1,19-20 , 'Y.l 'IV il" 14:19 il'NY.l'IV' D C'IV Nm, 'ml N'il lNP ':J 186 The waw at line begin in 4QSama seems to be an addition, above the line and slanted diagonally toward the margin. 11lV il'IVV 'l1il 'l~ nN llt> "lVl, il'Nil C"l1il ':J nN ,nY.lN '~l 43,20 il:J1lV il'IVV 'l1il 'l~ nN llt> "lVl' il'Nil C"l1il ,,:J nN il:JnY.lN '~l 1,20-21 ,nn~'IV 14:19-20 ''lVN i1Til B ''lVN i1Til D boC2

De2

VUY.l

''lVN i1Til

il'Nil C"l1il ,,:J nN ,nY.lN '~l

186

1'1l'N n)'1' c'm,Nil 1N'lJ nlJ:m:J c:Jn 'l1N' ilTi1 1J1il I1N JNP 43,21 1'1l'N nV1' c'm'N 1N'lJ:J c:Jn 'l'1N' iHil 1J1il I1N JN'! 1,21-22 ,:J I1N 14:20 ,:J I1N I1NTi1 illJ1»il B ,V ,'lJil D LXX: ilY.l'V, OOAOV, plays on the preceding OOUA05 "servant". See above to line 13.

43,22 1,22-23 B (14:20-21) D boc2e2

l'IVil ", i1Til 'l1il nN l'IVin ", i1Til 'l1il nN

Db' 186

l'IVin " l'IVil

LXX b ':

,'l1:J l'IVin "

TTETTOlllKOOl

43,23 1,23-11,1 B (14:21-22) D 186-187 43,24 11,1-2 B (14:22)

for

i1Til

"

"

'l1il nN

-

''lVV n''lVV

Y'Nil illil ,mN' lNP nN N'i'"

ml1'IV" il~'N Pl~ 'N lNP ,~" C"'lVlN I1N 'Vlil I1N ml1'IV" il~'N Pl~ JNP "~" C"'lVlN I1N 'Vlil I1N

"Y.lil nN "l" "Y.lil nN "l"

,V

,V ,V

" ,nn'IV"

"Y.l'

Y'Nil

TTETTolllKO 001.

il'IVV ''lVN "Y.lil 'l1N "l'Vl il'IVV ''lVN ,'Oil 'l'1N il:Pl'Vl 'l1N

'11''lVV Nl illil lNP 'N "Y.lil 'Y.lN" Y'Nl '11''lVV illil lNP 'N "Y.lil 'Y.lN" ~'Nl

nN

't>N:J 'lV ':J C"'lVlN

1n

':J 11lV V1' '11N~O N':J il:J1lV V1'

m

'11N~Y.l

CPil lNP 'ON" CPil lNP ,mN"

"0

De2

"0 l'1N

'11V1'

D boC2 187

"0

'11V1' no'IV"

COLUMN

43 (2

SAM.

14:3-33)

221

43,25 II,2-3 B (14:22-23) D 187

O,\!)", O"\!):JN nN N:J" O,\!)", O"\!):JN nN N:J"

O,\!)", O"\!):JN nN N:J"

il"\!)l "" :JN" o'v" ,,:JV ,:J, nN "nil il"\!)l "" :JN" il":JV ,:J, nN j,nil il"\!)'l il'\!)l il"\!)l

l"'"

LXXd agrees with 4QSamc : il'1:1V.

'l!l' 1n':J 'N O,,\!):JN :JO', ilN" N' 'l!l' 1n':J 'N :JO' "nil 1nN" 'l!l' 1n':J 'N O,,\!):JN :J'O', ilN1' N" 'l!l' ,n':J 'N :J'O' "nil ,mN" 1n':J, ,n':J, 1n':J, 1n':J, 'l!l' ",:JV OV :JO', ilN" N' 'l!l' 1n':J'N :JO' "nil ,nN"

43,26 11,3-4 B (14:24)

D 188

/'pn 'Nn 77il' 'N1\!)' ":J il!l' \!)'N il'i1 N' O"\!):JN" ilN' N' "nil !l,ni11'Nn 77il' 'N'\!)' "':J 'ilm, \!)'N il'il N" ~"\!):JN tll ilN' N" "nil 77iln 77iln ,N1\!)':J -

43,27 11,5-6 B (14:24-25)

DboC2

De2

V1'

77iln 'N1\!)':J

188-189

"v'v

43,28 11,6-7 B (14:25-26)

o'n', o'n' l'vn il'i11 '\!)N' nN m'l:J' om ,:J il'i1 N' 1V' "l' o'n', o'n' ~mn il'i11 '\!)N1 nN m'l:J' O'Nn N':J il'i1 N" "i'1v 1V"'l' \!)N,n jJCUjJ05 \!)N1n ,:J jJCUjJ05

DO Dbc2e2

\!)N,n

D b' 189

\!)N,n

o'n'

mm\!) ,\!)n:J v,n v,n '\!)N1 nN m'l:J'

m'lJ

1:JN:J O"v\!) o'nNn '\!)N' l:JN:J O"v\!) O'nNn '\!)N1 'v\!):J ilNn \!)nn Oil O"v\!) o'nNn

43,29 11,7-8 B (14:26)

D 189-190

il!l' \!)'N il'il N' O"\!):JN" ilN' N' "nil

'N'\!)':J

43,30 11,8-9 Db (14:26-27) D oe2

mm

'V\!) nN 'v\!), m'l' ,,'V 1:1, " 1V\!) nN 'v\!), m'l' ,,'V ':J' N"

"v\!)m

n'l' '\!)N n'l' 1\!)N

n'l' 1:1,"

n'l' '\!)N

il\!)N iln'i1 N'i1 ,nn iln\!), nnN n:J' O'l:J il\!)"\!) O"\!):JN' """ "nil il\!)N iln'il ilN'i11 ,nn iln\!), nnNn:J' O'l:J il\!)"\!) O"\!):JN' ",,,, "nil N'i11 il,vn N'i11 il,vn

il\!)"\!) tJ'l:J

DC2

N'i11 il,vn

il\!)"\!) O'l:J

190

N'i1

nnN n:J' O'l:J il\!)"\!)

" ",,,,

il,vn is the name of Absalom's (and thus the raped Tamar's) mother (2 Sam. 3:3). il,vn is also the one ofthe kings in the anti-Israel Syrian coalition (10:6,8); later he became David's ally (20: 14-15).

222

CHAPTER TWO

43,31 11,9-10 B (14:27-28)

D 190

ilN' N' "r.m 'l~n tPD' Oml\!) O'\!)"'l O"\!)lN l\!)" ilN'D n!)' ilN' N" "Dil 'l!)' O'D' Oml\!) O'\!)"'l O"\!)lN l\!)" i11'ND ilN'D n!)' 1ND il!)' il!l' 1ND ilN'D n!)' Oml\!) O'\!)"'l l\!)"

LXX, LXX Luc and Josephus add after 1ND:

,n'lN nN " 1,m 1,m,\!) II oVlm, il\!)N 'i1m il'lN nN "1,m 1m,\!) II oVln" il\!)N 'ilm

43,32 11,10-11 D (14:29) 191

LXX LXX Luc , Josephus

illN N'" ,'Dil 'N mN n,\!), lNP 'N O"\!)lN n,\!)', illN N'" ,'Dil 'N ,nN m,\!), lNP 'N O"\!)lN n,\!)',

n,\!)', P'N N'l' n,\!)', P'N N'l'

lN" P'N N'l' lNP illN N'" "Dil 'N mN n,\!), lNP~ O"\!)lN n,\!)',

43 ,33 ", '1' 'N lN" II,11-12 N'" '1' lN" B (14:29-30) '1'

np,n 'N'

'V

np,n 'N'

'N

DboC 2

De2

"1lV 'N 'tJN" N'l' nlN N"

n1'IVl

np,nn

"1lV 'V 'tJ'N N'l' nlN N'" "'N n'l'IV 1'V

"'N

tJ"'lVlN

n1'IVl '))1' 'N np,nn

"1lV 'N tJ"'lVlN

n1'IVl '))1' 'N np,nn

,,1lV 'N tJ"'lVlN

191

"'N

,,1lV n,'IV"

"tJN'

In 4QSamc waw-yod is added above the ale/in ,mN. Josephus ,np,n is

TUJV IOIUJV Tlvas-.

43,34

tJ,p"

'lVNl

np,nn nN

tJ"'lVlN

'1lV

11,12-13 ... 15

tJ,p"

'lVNl

n'pnn nN

tJ1''lVlN

'1lV m'::i'1 'lVNl nm'::im tJm::i"

B (14:30-31) Dboc2e2

Db'

lN" np,n

'lVNl

lN" np,n

'lVNl

n'l'IV 1'V

,n::i"

'lVNl mn'::im

tJm::i" tJnN tJ'1lvn

191

11'

,;J, tJ',y'IV tJ'IV ,;J, tJ"V'IV tJ'IV tJ'IV tJ"V'IV

tJm'::im 'N" Nl

'V ''lVN n1'IVn 'lVNl

tJm'::im 1N" Nl m'::in

LXX, LXX Luc and 4QSamc II, 14-15 add after ilp,nil (lNP np,n, \!)Nl ilp,nil): \!>NJ ilp'mil nN O"\!>JN '1:IV m'~il '1mN" Oil'1)J

43,35 11,15-16 14:31 B 191

'V'1P "N JN" "" 'N'J"

'1\!) nN ,'1lV m'~il ilD' P'N 'DN" iln'lil O"\!)lN 'N N'l" lNP " '\!)N ilp,nil nN il'1lV iln'~il ilD' P'N ,mN" iln'lil O"\!)lN 'N N'l" lNP " '\!)N ilp,nil " '\!)N ilp,nil m'~il ,'1lV ilTil 'l1il nN n'\!)v ilD' "'DN" O"\!)lN 'N lNP N'l"

iln'\!>N' ilm NJ 11Y.lN' 1"N mn,\!> i1lil JN" 'N O"\!>JN 10N" \!>NJ 43,36 O'OV!l il:J"N mn,\!> i1lil JN" 'N O1'\!>JN 10'N" \!>NJ il:m'\!>N' ilm N'J 11Y.lN' II,16-17 Nl om\!>, OV!l 11Y.lN' D b' (14:31-32) Nl om\!>, OV!l 11Y.lN' D boc2e2 11Y.lN' 1"N mn,\!> i1lil 10N" 192

43,37 11,17-19 B (14:32)

D 192

ilN1N Nl ilN'N

ilnv, O\!> 'lN ilnv, O\!> 'lN i1lil n"il

Nl ilN'N

ilnv, O\!> 'lN

,'V', J,'" 1'\!»O mNJ ilO' 11Y.lN' ,'Oil'N lnN ,'V', J,'" 1'\!>ll'J 'nNJ ilO' 11Y.lN' ,'Oil ,N il2n1N '1»"

1'\!>1ll'J '\!»O

J,'"

COLUMN

43 (2 SAM. 14:3-33)

223

N1i'" " 1l" "on 'N lN" N'l" 'mo;" l"V 'l \!), ON' N1i'" N" 1l" "on 'N lN" N'l" 'mo;" l"V 'l\!)' ON'

43,38 H,19-20 B (14:32-33)

'n'N1 N'

D 192-193

N1i'"

"" nmN' "1l1 nN "0' lN" 1l"

LXXb' adds after "on 'N: "on 'l!l' n~1N "!lN arms Kai 015 = tJ'n\!), OV!l see Neh. 13:20. 43,39 H,20 B (14:33)

"on ']!l "on ']!l

D b'

DboC2 193

" mn\!)',. To LXXLuc :

"V

,., mn\!)', ,"Oil "N N':J." O'''\!):J.N "N mn\!)', ,"Oil "N N':J." O'''\!):J.N "N nN "'!l" nN O'!lN - "'!l" ,., mn\!)', nN "'!l" nN "'!l" 0'" ,"Oil ']!l" il::l'N "!:lN "V "'!l" mn\!)', 1nN

,"Oil i'\!)" ,"Oil ']!l" ,"Oil i'\!)" ']!l'"

De2

,V "!l"

"on ']!l

il::l'N "!lN

Josephus translated "!lN literally: TOU OE PI'-/JaVT05 aUTOV ElTI Touoaq)Q5 "And he threw hirnself on the a05 ("!lN)" instead of TOU OE PI'-/JaVT05 aUTOV ElTI TO Eoa05 "And he threw hirnself on the ground".

224

CHAPTER TWO

Column 44 (2 Sam. 14:33-15:26) Herbert, 262, Plates XXIX, XLIV and XLV 2 Sam. 14:33-15:15 (i.e.lines 1-15) is preserved at 4QSamc 11,20 - III,17. The 4QSam c text is given as in the previous column - in fuH, disregarding agreements and variations from 4QSama , directly under the 4QSama restored line. 4QSamc 11,21 is divided into two lines: 21b is the line at the expected place which renders 15:1b-2a, while 21 a is the line inserted above it which supplies 15: 1a.

44,1 1I,21a 14:33-15:1 B

o'\!mm 0''lV1!:l' o'tm" ill'10 O"'lVlN " 'IVV" o''lVom o'tm:" ill'10 N" il'IVV' O"'lVlN'

Dab

P

'1nNO 'il" " p'1nN 'il" O"'lVlN' O"'lVlN' O"'lVlN' O"'lVlN'

Doc2e2

194

O"'lVlN' 0't11t" ill'10 O"'lVlN" 'IVV"

o''lVom

P

'1nNO 'i1"

,nN

The gap between 'i1" and p'1nNo in 4QSamc is more than double the normal interword gap. Only the bottom traces of 0't1,t1, are visible, and only the final

mem is certain. To the restoration " 1'Oil i''IV'' cf. LXXd : 1'Oil " i''IV''. 44,2 11,21 b 15:1-2 B

'IV'N " il'i11 '11il l' 'IV'N " , il'i11 111il l' 'i1" 1V'lVil 111

194-195

D 195 44,4 11,23 15:2 B 44,5 11,24 15:2-3 B

D 195

10V' O"'lVlN O"'lVi11 "l!:l' 0'~1 'IV'N 10V' O"'lVlN O"'lVi11 "l!:l' 0'~1

1V'lVil 111 1V'lVil 111 -

D 44,3 11,21-22 15:2 B

'V 'V

'IV'N "

N"

'i1"

"'1'

1'Oil n'l' 1'" 1i'll 1i'll O"'lVi11

"'V

'O!:l'IVOil 'N 1'Oil 'N N'l, l'1 i11il', il'i1' 1'IVN 'O!:l'IVO ,'Oil 'N N'l' l'1 N" 1'IVN 'O!:l'IVO' 'O!:l'IVO' Nl" " Nl" " l'1" il'i1' 1'IVN ill1'O " 1l1"

O"'lVlN " N1i'l i''lVl' O"'lVlN N" N1i" "'N O"'lVlN N1i'" "'N

"

'N1'IV' ''Ol'IV 1nNO 10N" 'IV'Nil 1V" ilnN 1'V ilTO'N " 10N" 'N1'IV' ''Ol'IV 1nNO 10N' 'IV'Nil illV' ilnN 1'V ilTO'N 10N'

V01'IV' O,""l' O'l''O 1'1lV ilN1 O"'lVlN "'N 10N" nlV VO''IV' O,""l, O'l''O il"1l1 ilN1 O"'lVlN "'N 101N" il'1lV O,"'l, 1'1l1 1'1l1 V1O'lVi11 1'1l1 O,""l 1'1l1 ilN1 1nN',

The restored 1'1lV is taken from LXXa.

COLUMN

44 (2 SAM. 14:33-15:26)

225

44,6 II,25-III,1 B (15:3-4) D 195

Nll' '?Vl

l"Nl

"!)1V

1V'N ?l:! Nll' '?Vl

l"Nl

"!)l1V

1V'N?:!

']t.l1V'

't.l tJl?1VlN 't.lN'l '?t.lil nNt.l ,? l'N

N]t.l1V' 't.l tJl?1VlN 't.lN'l ,?t.lil nNt.l il:!? I'N lJ'1V' 'nN

lNll'

?N'1V' ?V l"Nil ?V l"Nl

N?il "!)l1V ']t.l'1V' 't.l

44,7 III,I-2 De2 (15:4-5) D boC2 195

,., mnl1\/,m" \V'Ni1 l'Pl 'iI" pnp,~m U!l\Vln l" ,., i1'i1' '\vN N'" nnnn\vi1" \V'N l"Pl i1'i1' m'npum U!l\Vln l" N'" i1'i1' '\vN U!l\VO -

44,8 III,2-3 15:5-6 B

.",., i1Ti1 'l" O'2\vlN \VV', ,., P\vl' UPTl ,., p'mm ", nN n"\V,

l'P

.,V

U!l\VO pnp,~m

2"" i1Ti1 'l" O'''\vlN i1\vV' N'" P\vl'

U!l\Vln l"

,., i1'i1' '\vN

N'" p'mm ", nN n"\V,

D .",., i1Ti1 'l"

196

\VV',

Für UPTl cf. 1 Sam. 17:35: UPTl mpmm and 2 Sam. 20:9: N\VOV 1PTllNP 1'0' " mm. 44,9 III,3-4 15:6 B D 196

l" nN O'''\vlN lll" ,"0i1 "N U!l\VO" ""N 'Nl' '\vN "N'\v' '\VlN l" nN O'''\vlN lm ,"Oi1"N U!l\VO" 'N'l' '\vN "N'\v'

.", lll"

l" nN

"N'\v'

44,10 (15:6) 1II,4 196 44,11 1II,4-5 15:7 D boC2

"N'\v' '\VlN "N'\v' '\VlN PlN' 1mi1i1 O"\vN' Nl i1'''N O"\vN' Nl i1'''N

De2 196 44,12 1II,5-6

PlN 2N O'''\vlN 'ON" i1l\V O'Vl'N )'po 'iI" ,"0i1 "N O'''\vlN 'lnN" O'l\V Vl'N ~po 'i1" ,"0i1 'ON" ,"0i1 Vl'N ,nN 'ON" ,"0i1

Vl'N

O"\vN' Nl i1'''N

,nN

'ON" O'l\V Vl'N ,nN 'i1"

ml\Vl 11lV "l "l"

l"lnl mi1'" m"l '\vN "'l nN

ml\Vl i1"lV "l "l N" l"lnl . ... ., 'n"l '\vN "'l nN

DO (15:7-8) ,"'ll

196 44,13 1II,6-7 B (15:8) Doc2e2

Db

226

CHAPTER TWO

m'lV' i10'''\V',' mi1' m'lV' O.,\V'" ....

m"l '\vN "'l nN

'll'\V' l'\Vi1 ON ,mN" O'Nl "\vll 'll'\V' l\Vi1 ON ,mN" O'l "\vll "\v'll "\Vll 'll'\Vn

"\Vll

Ulrich 1979, 16 claims to spot the trace of a supralinear ale! correcting lJ1l to lJ1Nl.

,"r.)i1'"

im1ln lJ'''\vlN ,,,,, lJ'i'" lJ'''\vl ,,, 10W' m'1ln ,,,,, lJ'i:'" lJ'''\vl ,,, ,"Oil N'" 1r.l1N"

44,14 III,7-8 15:8-9 B D 196

,,,,,

44,15 III,8-9 DO (15:10) 196-197

il1i1' nN .... nN

l'1lnl 10N"

lJ'''\vl,'' " ,

"'i' nN lJ:JVO\V:J 1mN" "N1\v' 'Ul\v ":Jl lJ'''l10 lJ'''\vlN n"\V', "'i' nN lJ:JVO,\v:J 1'ON" "N1\v' 'Ul\v "':Jl lJ"\v'1m lJ'''\vlN n"\V', 1lvm\V:J 1mN" "N1\v'

n"\V',

"':Jl

LXXa has lJ':JN"O instead of lJ'''l10. For other misreadings of lJ"\v'1' see to 35,14. Ulrich 1979 erred in putting points over waw-lamed in "'i'; the end of the waw and all ofthe lamed are clearly visible in the photo. 44,16 III,9-10 B (15: 10-11) D Db'* 197

lJmNO ':J"il lJ'''\vlN nN' l'1lnl lJ'''\vlN lJmNO ':J"il lJ'''\vlN nN' l'1lnl lJ'''\vlN lJ'''\vlN nN ':J"m lJ'''\vlN - ':J"m lJmNO lJ'''\vlN nN ':J"m

'''0

'''0 lJn10N' 1!:1'\vil '''0 lJn10N' 1!:1'\vil

'''0 N'il lJn10N

'V',

lJ'''\vlN n"\V', 1l''':J N'" lJon" ,:J"" lJ'N1i' lJ"\V"m \V'N 44,17 n"\V lJ'''\vlN' 1l' ",:J 1))" N'''' lJon" lJ':J",m lJ'N'1i' lJ'''\V','o \V'N III,1O-11 lJ ':J"m 15:11-12 lJ':J"m B N1i'" D N'''' 1m"\v1m \V'N lJl ,,,,, 1l'il nN 197 To n"\V lJ'''\vlN' restored cf. 15:37: N'l' lJ'''\vlN' and Judges 5:15: n"\V i'0Vl i'1l.

,v',

44,18 III,11-12 B (15:12)

'i1" lJ'MlTi1 nN mlTl il'm lJ'MlTi1 nN mlHl

Do c2 e2

,"uoo

Db

'''''00

D b' 197

44,19 1II,12-13 B (15:12-13) D boe2

DC2 198

il"lO '1'VO "" )IV" 'l"'lil "!:In'MN nN il"'lO '1'VO "" )IV" 'l'''~il "!:In'MN nN il"Ul '1'Vl 'l'i'nil "!:IU'MN",v""oo 'l'O"lil "~","N 'lm"lil "!:IU,"N 'lm":Jil "!:IU'MN " , )IV" 'lm"lil "!:IUnN

"" "N "lOil N'l" lJ'''\vlN nN l1' ,"m lJvm )ION '\Vi'il "11 "N "lOil N,l" lJ,"\vlN nN l1' ,"m lJvm ~ON 1\Vi'il ,"mil 1l\V ,"il )ION' ,"m

""

,m

,"il

COLUMN

,"m 1\Vi'

44 (2 SAM. 14:33-15:26)

227

LXX: ,:1'l) = OUVTPII11..Ia instead of aUOTpEJ..IJ..IO = ''l)i'. See 2 Sam. 4:2: "'l) ,n~'l) 1:1 "il tJ'1'1) = llyoUJ..IEVOI OUOTpEJ..IJ..IOTCUV TCU J..IEJ..I ')"lN 1:I"m

n,"" n,""

,N'l ,mn ,Y.npo' ilnN il'l 1:11' ilnN nNl 1:IN ,Y.npoo ,,, ,Y.npoo ilnN nNl

,,,

"

n,"

ilnN

,Y.npoo

,,,

,Y.npOO

,,,

"'l

"'l "'l

LXX added after UOV: UOV ,V'lN 1:I"m ,nN~ ,mn ,Y.npo nN il,m 1:Ilt The full text reads : EI EX8E5 TTOPOYEYOV05 Kat 0TlJ.lEPOV KIVTlOW OE J.lE8 TlJ.lWV Kat YE J.lETOVOOTTlOEI5 TOV TOTTOV OOU EX8E5 Tl

E~E"EUat5 OOU Kat 0TlJ.lEPOV

J.lETOKIVTlOW OE J.lE8 TlJ.lWV TTOPEU8Tlvol. LXX couldn't decide between ,V'lN and ,t>'lN in the Vorlage and added the second version to cover both scenarios. In the

addition J.lE8 TlJ.lWV tumed into its opposite: from Greek "with us" it became a semitranscribed unNO "from us" with the sense "I will chase you from us". To samek/ayin interchange see to 35,16. itm 'OV ,,"N nN l\Vm l'\v 44,30 '0)' \v)'' mil" B (15 :20)

o

l\Vm l'\v'" ,'N - '\vN' To the additional phrase before itm cf. 2 Sam. 2:6: nON' itm O'OV mil'

'm

1:IN " ,'Oil 'liN

ObOC2 e2

"0

'\V!ll

o

"0

'\V!ll

b'

il'il' 0\V "

44,32 B (15:21)

o"n, ON 1:IN' 1:IN'

o

201 44,33 B (15 :21-22)

mil' 'n 'ON" ,'Oil nN 'nN 1)'" nON' 'n\V

'n" mo, ON ,'Oil 'liN O\V il'il' '\vN O'POl 1:IN' 1:IN' ,nN ,'N

"'lVlN ,:" 'n:1il 'nN 'l»" 'nN 'N i"i 'ON" nl» 'l»' " 'n'IV 'nN 'n'IV - ,'Oil "1)> 'nm ,'mm "il» ,'Oil

0°

,I

OC2

"om "il»

201

'IV»'

UO)' iln»t

'ON" ,'Oil nN 'nN 1V"

201

Oe2

'V ,"il 'lN' n,""

'0)' \v)'' mil"

44,31 B (15:21)

Ob

,"il 'lN '\vN

"om "il» m m "il»

'mnil

,I ,I

N'l' 'nm 'nlil

'nlJm

,'Oil m il m il

'nlJlil 1nN ""

COLUMN

44 (2

SAM.

14:33-15:26)

229

44,34 B (15:22-23) D 44,35 B (15:23-24)

O',:lV OVil ~:" ~,,~ ~'i' O',,:l l"Nil ~" mN '\vN C'J"il ~" 1milil l"'i'il ~m:l ,,:lV il':l O',,:l, O',,:lO ,:lV O'\vJNil

mm ':l'Oil 11N

1"

'J!l ~V ,,:lV

OVil ~" l"'i' ~m:l ,:lV 1~om . ~m 11N

1~om

DO*

,:l'0:l '\vN 11'Til 1"

"J!l~

Db

,:l'0:l '\vN 11m, 1"

"J!l~

l"'i'il

D b' DC2

,:l'0:l '\vN 11m, 1'" "l!l~

l"'i'il

,:l'0:l '\vN 11m, 1"

"l!l~

l"'i'il

D e2 200

,:l'0:l '\vN 11m, 1"

"l!l~

l"'i'il

mm

1" is apparently not amisprint of,"', with waw merging withyodto form resh, but rather refers to David the "tender" l' (2 Sam. 3 :39), which is here incorporated into the nickname 1''I!> Aramaicized to 1" "(the one) who is tender". David is also known as "the speaker": ':1'Oil- see to 43,13; and the sense of the sentence before emendation was "And all the people passed over before (David) the tender, the speaker". Cf. the end of verse 18: " ... passed over before the king", and see to 42,29-30. 44,36 B (15:24)

'i'~" ':1~"

'3'1':10

o'm'nm 11":1 l"N m~ O'N'I!>ll lnN o",'m "", i"'~ Ol mil'

DOC2

De2 Db

'3'1:10 '3'1:10

D b' 200 44,37 B (15:24-25) Db

O""il "" O'''''lil O'lm'il '3'1':1N' i'''~ Ol 'ON" "Vil 10

,,:1V" OVil ",

03'1'V '3'1':lN 03'1' -

"V', o'm"Nil mil'

l"N 3'1N 3'1',:1 3'1":1il

De2

3'1":1il

44,38 D (15:25) 200 44,39 B (15:25-26) D 200

CHAPTER TWO

-

i"~

DO C2

200

230

i"~

'ON" mil' 'l'V:l 1n N~ON ON

"Vil o'm~Nil l"N 11N :l\Vil i'''~~ 1~Oil 'J!l~ m'i'o:l :l\v" i"U ~N mil' 'J'V:l 1n N~ON ON l1'Nil OV ,:l\v i"'~~ 'llil 1:1 'l'1~!ln N" 'ON' il' ON' 'il1l 3'1N' lnN 'lN,m 'l:1''I!>m i1:> 'ON' ,,, 'ON' ilN'N' 'l'1:1'1!>'

Column 45 (2 Sam. 15:26-16:18) Herbert, 263, Plate XXX 1'l'Vll'" '\vN' '7 il\VV' 1'l!l7

45,1 D (15:26) 45,2 15 :27 B

1vo'nN1

De2

017\Vl "Vil ill1\V ilnN ilN1'il 1il"il i'l'!i 7N ,70il 'ON'1 1il 'il o'vo'nN1 1N' P1'!i7 OVO,"N illill ilN' P1'!i7 -

D boC2

ovo'nN illill

P1'!i7

ilN'

DboC2

m'lVl ilOilOnO "lN 1N' O,nN O"ll 'l\V apaßw8 ilOn70nO n'Til 7V O,nN 7lPN - illil

De2

n'Til 7V O,nN 7lPN

45,3 B (15:27-28)

45,4 15:28-29 B

Dbc2

-

illil

llnN

l"N nN ,n'lN1 P1'!i l\V'1 '7 "lil7 ' l ' O'OVO N1l'V 'l'Oil O'OVO ' l ' 11'Nil O'OVO ' l ' 1l\V'1 O'OVO 'l'il 'l'Ol 1l\V'1

De2

Db Doc2e2

202

Illmlil'1 'll

EV

DO*

45,5 15:29-30 B

,n'l~

-

17 \vN', il'l'1 O'n'Til il7VOl il"l1 il7V

1l0VO 'l'il

'l'Ol

O'OVO 'l'il

'l'Ol

il7V "1" O\V 1l\V'1 ilO'7\v1" O'ill7Nil 07\v1" l\V'1

il7VO 7V il7VO 7V o'n'Til 'ill

l\V'1

il7V'1

LXXoc2e2: aVEOTpE\jJEV for LXX: EKa810Ev shows that the common Vorlageifthere was such - was not 4QSama, which distinguishes between "and he sat" l\V'1 and "and he retumed" l1\V'1 . The original text was probably shorter: O'N'lil il7VOl and was conflated through the Greek twins EAalwv "olives" and KAalwv"weeping". Cf. LXXd : TTJV avaßaOlv O'N'l as place-name see 2 Sam. 5:23-25. 45,6 15:30 B

D

202

TWV

EAalwv KAatwv. For

il71V 17V1 1\vN' \V'N '1!ln lnN '\vN OVil "", I')n' ,7m N1ill '1!ln 1!ln il!)n '7il il!ln '7il 1nN '\vN OVil 7" t')n' '7il Nlill

LXX and LXX Luc agree with 4QSama restored: (\V'N) "!ln, since ha is built from waw + waw/yod.

COLUMN

45 (2 SAM. 15:26-16:18)

231

,'n 'Y.lN"

45,7 15:30-31 B D 202

tn'~lN

mil' O"~lN

45,8 B (15:31-32)

mnn\V'

1\VN

OV O"~Pl ,!)nmN

DC2e2 DO*

mnl1\VtJ'

Db'*

mnn\VtJ'

OV

\vN1il'V NJ ""

m',

mil' '!)l1mN I1~V nN N) ':)'0 'm'N

PW5 PW5-'

,!)"mN

1!)il

,:>0 m,N ,!)"mN n~v I1N N) ':)'0 m,N ,!)"mN I1~V I1N N)

PW5

-

")i1 ""

,!)"mN 0) "", ')" ,!),,'nN 0) n') il """ ,!)"nN ,mN' ')" "l

TOU POW5

mnmvT.l1

,mN' "", "')" il'l'

,!)"mN I1~V I1N N) ,,~ m,N

-

202-203 \VN1il 1V N'J" om"Nil ,!)"nN I1~V nN N) ,,~ To the weeping pilgrims on the mount cf. 2 Sam. 5:24: O'N'lil '~N'l i11V~ ',p.

,mm, V"p "" ilV' "'Nil ,~'" mN'p, Nl i1lm o'm'N' O~

45,9 15:32 B DO

mm, mm,

203-204

nm" V"p

Dbc2e2

mil" 'ilV'

,~'"

mN'p,

i1lm

LXX* and LXXe2 have Enpos- "other" instead of ETalp0S- "friend". See to 41,26 and 42,5. LXXb has alnpos- "favorite". In LXX the epsilon as correction.

aI

was added above

iln"m 'l1N n'lV ON "Y.lil " 'Y.lN" '~N' 'V ilY.l'N'

45,10 15:32-33 B D 204

N~Y.l' "V

45,11 15:34 B

"Y.lil ,',nN "Y.lm ,mN "'il

,n

n"il

,'n

l'"

" 'Y.lN" '~N'

"il

O"~lN'

n'Y.lN'

l,~n

'V '!)N'

"Vil ON'

'lV ',nN ,',nN "lN ',nN 1'lN

b'

D D boc2e2 204

" n'Y.lN' O"~lN' "n '~N

LXXlLXXLuc doubled the text, which is marred beyond recognition by the

following implicit correspondences: 'lV = 'lV, "Y.lil = "il, ,',nN = ,mN and "lV = "lN, to suggest the following solution:

"Y.l 'lN "lV ilnv, ,'lN 'lV ',nN "Y.lm ,mN "lV "Y.l 'lN 1lVN ,nN' ~ "Y.lil ',nN ,mN "lV

",m

LXX-plus deciphered

"Your brothers crossed over and walked after the king, your servant, and you I will serve, I, king!" The addition is meant to correct 13:34, which says that the sons ofthe king, who were fleeing from Absalom (verse 29) were "after Absalom" - see to 42,30. The text here reads: OlEATjAU8aatv 01 aOEA il'i11 O'li11:>il 1n'lN' i"'~ O\!) 1r.1V N'?i11 1l' illil' 1r.1V O\!) 1Vr.I'nN Oil'll 'l\!) Or.lV O\!) mi11 O'li11:>il 1n'lN?' i'n~? "ln mil mil 'OVr.lmN "ln1 'OVr.lmN Or.lV Oil'll 'l\!) 1r.1mN O:>r.lV O\!) mi11

1?r.lil

1?r.lilr.l

'Vr.I\!)n 1\!)N 1l' ?:> '?N O"l onn?\!), 1n'lN? 1l1nlm', i'n~? 1l Oil"'l 1n'lN 1l' ?:> '? n'ln1 1n'lN? 1l 1nlm', i"'~? 1l

LXX Luc adds after 'Vr.I\!)n: "lV 'lN' mNl ilnv 'lN' 1'lN 1lV '1nN 1?r.li11 1mN '1lV O'?\!)lN? 1r.1NVn1r.1N' LXXO*has 1r.1N' instead of n1r.1N'. The addition appears also at verse 34 (line 11, q.v.). Different from there is mNl = aeplYlJal, which Josephus picked up and changed to aeplKvETal = V'li1 (204; see line 17). aq,IYllai is 'nNl because of MT: TNr.I 'lN' 1'lN 'lV, where TNr.I reflects TNl, 'Nl, 'nNl. '\vm N'J" 45, 17 tI~ 1JV "", ilr.l"~'1' ~'J' O"\vJN' 1'Vil "" V1 Dbo (15:37-16:1) 1nN '!lnmN' ilnv D C2e2 1nN '!lnmN' ilnv ':l1Nil 204-205 tlVY.l 1JV ,m O,,\vJN 0:1' 0,\v'1' '\vm N'J" Perhaps restore 17 end to 18 begin: \!)N1ilO il"~ "lVil "", 07\!)'" "David took (the) covering off his head". For il"VO "covering" see Is. 61 :3. David would have been unable to discem or enjoy Siba's variegated provisions ifthe cover (see 15:30) were still on his head. Josephus, on the other hand, ignored the matter ofthe head covering. To rrapT'],,8EV in either the qal or hifil sense of'lV see to 43,13.

COLUMN

45 (2

SAM.

15:26-16:18)

233

45,18 16:1

D'U"ln D',mn 'o~, mN'i''' N'l' Tl~l'!lO 'Vl Nl'~ i1lil1 -

B

Tl~l '!l00

~N'i10 a rro TT]5 POUl5

Do c2e2

"Vl'!lOO

a rro TT]5 pUl5

Db

"Vl'!lOO

arro TT]5 pUl5

D'~'ln D',mn 'o~, mN'i''' N'l' Tl~l'!lOO 'lV Nl'~ i1lil1

205

D'~'ln D',mn provoked LXX and LXXLuc to explain lni' "summer (fruit)" as D"OTl "dates", which are drawn from the preceding D',on. LXX Luc went a step further and abbreviated D'~'ln "laden" by an initial stroke to D'~'l' "dried" to create D'''l' "fig cakes" - see line 19. 45,19 16:1 B D

205

~ll' noi' i1!l'N' D'''l' D'TlNm D'i'm~ i1Nm Dn" DiI'''V' lni' i1Nm D'TlNO D"OTl i1Nm D'nNO D'TlNO i1!l'N' i11'~ DiI'''V' The equivalents are OTOIOE5 / D'i'm~, OIVIKE5 / D"OTl and rroAo8a1 / D'''l'. For noi' i1!l'N' "and an ephah flour" read i'on i1!l'N' "And where did he slip offto?", which presages verse 3: 1'l'N 1l i1'N' "And where's the son of

your master?" Cf. Luke 2:41-50: the lad Jesus' disappearance from his parents in Jerusalem. For 1" "ll' read l'N "ll(i1)' "And the fool isn't (around)". For i'on "disappear" see Song ofSongs 5:6.1 Sam. 1:24 (11,8) includes noi' TlnN i1!l'N in the sacrifice at the presentation of the infant Samuel, although he seems to have been present at the event. 'Tl'1nTl~i1 Nl'~ 'ON" 12 Tl~l'!lO" '~N ,,=>

45,20 16:4 B D

- "Vl'!lOO"

1" 1"

i1lil Nl'~ "N 1"Oil 'ON" Nl'~" Nl'~" -

1"

Nl'~ no~', Tl~l'!lOO" '~N ,,=> 1" i1lil Nl'~"

206

1"Oil 'ON"

MT and LXX (variants in parentheses) add verses 2-3: (on'nn) on'm,) l:J1' ,'lJil Tl'l' 0'1mnil Nl'~ 1lJN') " il'N illJ Nl'~ 'N ,'lJil 1lJN') 1:1 il'N) ,'lJil 1lJN') 1l'lJl (O'!JV'il) ~V'il Tl1n\!), l"m 0'1Vlil ':JN' (0'1lJTlm) )"pm TlN 'N1\!)' Tl'l " )l'\!)' D1'il 1lJN ':J 0'\!»)1'l l\!)' mil ,'lJil 'N Nl'~ 1lJN') ,'l'N 'lN Tl:J),lJlJ

LXXLuc is slightly different (the variant is from LXXo) on,m l:J1' ,'lJil Tl'l' O'\!»)lnil 0'1mnil Nl'~ 1lJN') il'N " illJ Nl'~ 'N ,'lJil 1lJN') l'l'N 1:1 il'N ,'lJil 1lJN') 1l'lJl ~V'il Tl1n\!), l"m 0'1Vl' ,:J)N, o'pm~m O"l,m Tl:n'mo l"lN 'N1\!)') ('ll) Tl'l " )l'\!)' OPil 1lJN') O"'II.)l1'l l'll.)' mi1,"lJil "N Nl'~ 1lJN') 'lN

The text, which is also missing in LXXa *, is skipped as result of a four-line haplography from Nl'~ "N ,"lJil 10N" beginning verse 2 to Nl'~" ,"Oil 1lJN') beginning verse 4. The gap comprises exactly four 4QSama lines in the version ofMTILXX - see Plate XXXVIII, number 1. Josephus 206 omitted verse 2 and rendered verse 3 fairly literally. Enforcing the supposition that verses 2 and 3 lacked in 4QSama is the fact that line 19 seems to end with a text break, indicating transition - see Herbert, 263 middle and the end of line 19 in Plate XXX. 234

CHAPTER TWO

45,21 B (16:4-5) D b'

OlZnJ min o',ml 'V "" "r.li1 Nl' ,'Oil 'l'N "l'Vl 1n N~ON 'l'Vl

c"n

DboC2e2

207

"0

o"n

'l'Vl

'v ",

1,m Nl' o',ml is also at 17: 18, and Josephus 225 rendered that place ßOKXOP1l5. The variants in Josephus to 1,m (xcupavov) are xcupalJov and ßaoupl, with

choran in Latin Josephus. xcupavov is probably correct - see to 42,30. 45,22 B (16:5) D boc2e2

Db' 207

45,23 16:6 B D 207

"Pn1 N'~' N~" il'l II 'VOlZ> mlZ>' "NlZ> rPl nn!)lZ>OO N~" lZ>'N N~' N~'

illZ>'l

"p"

N~'

il1l II omlZ> mlZ>' "NlZ> n'l nn!)lZ>OO N~' lZ>'N

", il'il OVil "" "" ,'Oil "lV ", nN' "" nN O'llNl 'po',

,,1lV ,'Oil "ln

,v,

'P°n1

,v' ,,'V

,V O'llN ,',lZ>n1 O'llN "'lZ>n1

O'O'il lZ>'N N~ N~ '''Pl 'VOlZ> 'ON il" ,'Oil 'NOlZ>n1 1'0'0 O"llil 45,24 - "NOlZ>n1 ,PO'O 16:6-7 u'O'O B 0'0' 207-208 0'0' lZ>'N N~ N~ '''Pl omlZ> 'ON il" Herbert' s restoration (page 165) "NOlZ>n1 [u1'o'O is apparently wrong. Probably the scribe began to write nun-waw and changed to final nun, which resembles waw. Unclear is why the leather, which is intact, has lost the traces ofthe one letter which would fit the room between '0' and 0lZ>n1. Perhaps an erasure weakened its ability to hold ink.

45,25 (16:7-8) 208 45,26 16:8 B 208 45,27 (16:8-9) 208 45,28 16:9-10 B 209

mnn n"o 'lZ>N "NlZ> n'l '0' " inil' ,'l'N 'll ,nNun O'il'Nil N"

l"il

,nv, nN ,N'in 'll C"lZ>lN ,nV'l - 'lin ,nV'l - 'lin 'll

"'V "'V

l'lZ>il 'V"lil lZ>'N' l'lZ>il

"'l il"'Oil nN inil' 1n', "l "l 1n', "l il"'Oil nN

"p' ilO' ,'Oil 'N il"'~ 1l 'lZ>'lN 'ow, ilnN 0'0' lZ>'N "'lV ", 'lZ>'lN

,,'V ON'"

'ON" 'lZ>N' nN il1'ON' Nl il'lVN ,'Oil 'l"N nN ilTil "'Nil nOil nOil 'ON"

COLUMN

45 (2 SAM. 15:26-16:18)

235

45,29 16:10 B

ilU1' N':>' 'nN ,'p' N':>" m'lm ':> ':> ':> ':>

Db'o

Dbc2

De2

il"'~

'll tJ:>"" ilO

il:>'

Tl ilnN' Tl Tl

tJ'il'Nil

209 45,30 0° (16:10-11) D bc2e2

209

t'JN' '\!)!)l nN \!)PlO 'voo ':>

B

DO

'VlJ'l>' ",:1

'll illil

"p

'l'V nN 'l'V nN -

D bc 2e2

'\!)N 'll illil "ON' "'lV ,,:> 'N'

mil' ilN" "'N mil' " 'ON ':> ".i2."

'l'Vl

45,32 16:11-12 B

N~l'

\!)pl' '\!)!)l nN \!)PlO

0° 209

" nlil 'l'O'il Tl ilnv mlil mlil

" 'ON mil' " 'ON mil'

mv "'l>lN'

"" "" iHn tJ"n

m"p nnn

tJl - tJl

n:1'" n1i1' " :1''l>i11

m"p nnn

B -

Db Doc2e2

209-210

",

'\!)'lN 'N "" 'ON" P iln'\!)v V"O 'ON' 'm "" nN "p " 'ON lN" ':> " lN" ':> ilO " mN "p " 'ON

45,31 16: 11

45,33 16:12-13

'\!)'lN 'N '\!)'lN 'N '\!)'lN 'N

", ",

'''pn

,'Oil

"'l>lN ,:"

''l>N

"'l>l N " ,

''l>N

t>,lJ'l>'

n:1'" tJ'i1'Nn " :1''l>i11

'!)Vl ,!)V, mov, tJ'llNl ,pt>', 22P" "2il mov, 'ilil V'~l "il p,n '!)Vl' ",~o ,pt>m "po, ",n ypo p,n '!)Vl' tJ'llN "'\!)" "P" V,~, mN "P" 'ilil '~l VU

45,34 B(16:13)

,,'V

D

210

"n

LXX Luc corrected LXX's incorrect TTEP05 "end" for TTAeupo5 "side" at line begin, but left TTOOOCUV "hurling", which should be TToncuv "tramping (in the dust)". TTOOOCUV transcribes either V\!),!) - see 1 Sam. 20:3: 1'l' 'l'l V\!)!):> ':> nmil "a footstep separates me from death" - or, more likely, nt>,!) - see 1 Kings mt>!)', Kai OIETPEXOV ETTI TOU euoonplou (cf. Josephus 210: 18:26: nlmil OOlloUI TTOPO TO Enpov IlEP05 TOU 0POU5 OIOTPEXOVT05). The priests of Baal tread on the altar, specifically on the steer =,!) on the altar - see verse begin: '!)il nN mp'" so that TTOOOCUV '!)Vl in Samuel corresponds to '!)(il)l nt>,!) at 1 Kings 18:26. Shimi is paradigm ofthe crippled Mephiboseth, hobbling in the dust and reviling David. V\!)!) at 1 Sam. 20:3 is rendered

,V

236

CHAPTER TWO

ElllTElTATlTal

"it is full" ilV:l\V in LXX, and 2 Sam. 6:13 (see 36B,9):

i1\VlV inil' l"N 'NlVl "V~ MT Luc D":ln ilV:llV _ l"Nil 'NlVl DilOV LXX, LXX , Josephus makes ilV:llV a factor ofi11V~. To D":ln and dancing and reviling see to IX,23 D"V~

and 36B,10. 45,35 16:14-15 B Db

D"lVlN' DlV 'lV!)l" lV!)l"

D'!)"V 1nN 'lVN DVil "" ,'Oil N'l"

10V

1"" 1""

'lV"

210-211

D"lVlN' DlV 'lV!)l"

45,36 B (16:15-16)

N:l 'lVN' 'i1" ,nN ,!)nmN' ilO"lV'" 'Nl 'N'lV' lV'N DVil ""

N':l"

DC2

Nl

211

Nl 'lVN' 'i1" 1nN ,!)\mN' ilO'lV'" 'Nl

45,37 16:16 B D boC 2

DVil ,,,,

m' D"lV:lN 'N 'lVm 'ON" D"lV:lN 'N "Vil "" ilV' "'Nil 'lVm

D"lV:lN' -

D b' 211

l"lVlN' m'

45,38 16:16-17 B D boc2e2

D b' 211

N" ilO" ilO' ilO' ilO' N"

45,39 16:17-18 B D boC 2

ilO'

'V,

'ON" " mnlV" Dil"N

,,, ilV'

nN nun i1T 'lVm 'N D"lVlN 'ON" ,'Oil m' ,'Oil

'lVm, -

'V,

'lVm, nN nun i1T

iHil OVin ini" ,n:J '\vN

N" N" '1m" '1nN ON

'OW,

"

1'Oil ,N '\vm 'ON"

211-212

ovn ,,, O'il'Nn 1n:J 1\VN 1'1nN

lnN m,n

O"\v:JN

1V1 nN

N"n O"\v:JN N"n

1V' nN 1V1 nN

1'1nN ON N,'m

De2

,'Oil

1V' nN 10N"

':J "

lnN n"n

LXX d agrees with the restoration 1nN.

COLUMN

45 (2

SAM.

15:26-16:18)

237

Column 46 (2 Sam. 16:21-22) Herbert, 264, Plate XXXVIII, number 2

1'lN nN n'IVNll " ?N''IV' ?" l'l'J'IV' n'lil "l'J'IV? n'lil ''lVN 1'lN

46,1 16:21 D 213

?,

1'lN nN n'IVNll "

m'l l'1"

1'lN

N'l" llil ?l' ?mNil O'?'lVlN? n,', 1nN ''lVN ?" '1' 'i'Tm ?ilNil O'?'lVlN? ?ilNil O'?'lVlN? ?m~ ?" ''lVN' 1'" ,? m', 1nN ''lVN ?" '1' 'i'Tm l''IV'' 1?l'Jil n'l II ?l' ?mN

46,2 16:21-22 B

D 213-214 46,3 16:22-23 B D b'

Ol'il

om'l l'l" ''lVN ?!)n,"N

'lVl'J'lVil ?" 'l'l'? PlN ''lVl?'!) ?N O'?'lVlN ?N''IV' ?, ?!),,'nN ?N''IV' ?, ?!)","N 'l'l'l ?N''IV' ?, ?!)","N 'l'l'l ?N''IV' 1nl 'l1' PlN ''lVl?!) Ol'

O'l''lVN'l

DboC2e2 214

n~l"

Herbert spread the fragments out horizontally in the plate in order to solve the problem of the missing lamed shaft of ?N''IV' in the space under ?mNil, and thus he interpreted the letter remnant in this space as ayin-tsade of the next word: n~l". But what survives under the ha in ?mNil is the upper left part of shin with an ink-mark dropping from the top ofthe middle arm downward to the fragment border, evidence ofthe failed attempt to correct 'lVl'J'lVil to Ol'il. To 'lVl'J'lVil ?" for ?N''IV' ?" see Nathan's prophecy at 2 Sam. 12:11-12: 'lVl'J'lVil 'l!)? 1''lVl Ol' l''IV' 'lVl'J'lVil 1ll' ?N''IV' ?, 1ll ... nNTil. A similarly marred shin is evident at 54,2 (Herbert, 272 second line ofthe large fragment) where from the surviving left branch ofthe first letter in il!)'?'IV a sm all ink-markjuts diagonally downward toward the fragment edge.

Column 47 (2 Sam. 17:23-18:11) Herbert, 265, Plate XXXVIII, number 3

47,1 17:23

,~" "'l'?

?N

"'l'

m'l? 1?" O'i'" "mn nN 'IVln', m~l' iln'IVl'l N'? " ?N m'l?N ,mnil

De2 Db' 228

238

CHAPTER TWO

m,i'l'J" I'JON" "'l"

mm?l

1?"

,mnil nN 'IVln',

,n~l'

iln'IV»l N'? "

1lV O"'VlH' iln'lnn Hl "", PlH 1lPl 1lP" nm', Pln" m'l' m'l 1lV n'll O'lnn Hl 1lV O"U>lH' iln'lnn Hl "", ,m'lp" nm', Pln" onv 1'V" ,n'l nH

47,2 17:23-24 B

D 228-230, 232 Hl~il

47,3 17:24-25 B

,V lHP nnn O"'VlH 0U> H'Vnv nH' mv 'H1'V' U>'H U>'H 'V'H

'U>nv

DO

D b' 232

Hl~il

",

1'1'i1 nH H'il H'il H'il

'V'H

,V lHP nnn

1'1'i1 nH

O'V H'Vnv nH'

Also LXX Ah and Armenian delete 'V'H. n,nH 'Vnl nl 'l'lH 'H Hl 1'VH "H1'V'il H1n' mu>, 'V'H Hm n"H1'V'i1 1n' nH il'l'lH nH il'l'lH ,V n'H1U>'i1 1n' ''V'

47,4 B (17:25)

DO

D be2

''V'

il'l'lH 'V

n'H1'V'i1

1n'

DC2

''V'

il'l'lH ,V

n"V1t'il

1n'

mnH

232 47,5 B (17:25-27) D bc2e2

il'llH

'V'l -

232,230

" " H'l' 'il"

47,6 B (17:27) Dboc2e2

"t1l' 1l' H,n 'H'nv 1l",n 1l"n

'H1'V' U>'H ", O"'VlH lHP OH il"'~

1l 1',m 1mv 'll nl1n 'Vnl II 'l'V' iln'lnn

1l"n 1'1H U>H1

47,7 17:27-29 B

mmm I!1l'T1

1n', lHP OH il"1~

O"'VlH' 'H1'V' " 'H1U>' U>'H " , O"'VlH

DO

D b' 230

''Vnv,

1l H'Vnv,

mH' H1n'

"" H'l' 'i1" 'V'lil 1'1H

1l H'Vnv,

n'l'1n

'!)'V'

O'lnn

ml1n

'O'V'

O'lnn

1',m ,nmv "ll 10''V' "t1l' O'lnn

"v' O'I!1'TV1 "!1' "v1

nl!ltn nov' O',y1!11 o'\:)m

,~" '']:l1

nov, O"VI!11 o'\:)m

l:l1!10

1N'ln o'']no

'~1' '7" n'I!1V 0"'01 nll\:)m O'l:l1!10 n'I!1V

O'7l1'0

o'\:)m

,~" '7:l1 n'I!1V 0'1'01 nll\:)m O'l:l1!10 n'I!1V

l'l:l'O 'I!1N

O'I!1'TV1 71!11 nov' O"VI!11 o'\:)m

,~" '7J1 n'I!1V 0"'01 nll\:)m O'lJI!10 ml!1v

DO C2 De2

'']v' O'I!1'TV1 71!11 nov, O',y1!11

Db'

'7p1

O'I!1'TV1 71!11

0"'01 nll\:)m O'l:l1!10 ml!1V

l'lJ'O 'I!1N

'7P1

O'I!1'TV1 71!11 nOp1 O',y1!11 o'\:)m O"~" '7:l1 n'l!1)) 0"'01 nll\:)m 0'l:J1!10 n'l!1))

l'l:J'O 'I!1N

Db

'7V1

-

n"TV']);,

l'lJ'O 'I!1N n''T7lö1

}"1 on71 O''Tl'O O'lJI!10 1N'lö1 230-231 The wordplay is on il1'VVlo''V1Vlo'1V'V/o''V,v. Cf. Provo 6: 16-18a: 0"l1n

0'" m11 il" lmlp, O"ilH 1n 'l,'Vn mOl

"TV']);,

'T))7ln

l'UH mlun 'U>1V 'n'l1. l,'Vn is not enough for an army, so LXX borrowed from Proverbs 'V1V "bed", which conflated to 0''V1V il1'VV "ten beds". mou, merged with mlun (samek and tet 0'1~n

COLUMN47(2SAM.17:23-18:11)

239

are dose in the scron script), while 0"'0' "and pots" glosses the synonym 0"", whose secondary meaning "and lovemaking" (so Proverbs) is specified through repeated il'\vV!\v1)'. Ofthe remaining words o'"m and O'\V'V' repeat O'l"m and O'\V'V', while the rest are drawn from Tamar's rape (2 Sam. 13:8: she "kneaded" the dough as a potter and thus ,~" ',:J; verse 15: she "stood" ilY.li' afterwards - verse 15 - and thus nY.li") and Ruth's night with Boaz ( O"l'Y.l, because she slept "n'l'Y.l, Ruth 3:4,7; "i' was her food, verse 14; she gathered O"V\V, verse 17, which she "lnn, thus o'''lm). O'!l,,,n 0"" are the price to hire Jacob's courtier service for one night (Gen. 30:14-15). 47,8 B (17:29)

lV' OVil "Y.lN ':J ,':JN' mN 'Y.lN

'\vN OV" " " , '\V'lil 'i'l n1!l\V' 1N~' '\V'l" '\V'l"

D

231

oaw6'

lV' OVil "Y.lN ':J ":JN'

47,9 17:29-18:1 B D bc 2e2

Oil'2V 0\v', ,nN

1N~'

'\vN OVil ,:J nN " " "i'!l" 'l'Y.ll NY.l~' t'J"V' NY.l~ NY.l~

DO* 231,233

Oil'

47,10 Db' (18: 1-2) D boc2e2 233

0\V', mN

'\vN OVil

t'J"V'

nN " " "i'!l"

lN" " l n'\v'\vil OVil nN "" n,\V', n1NY.l n'\V,\V \V'\V', lN" "l n'\v'\vil Nl~il nN

\V'\V', \V'\V', n1NY.l ,'\v' O'!l'N ,'\v

mlil mN " l n'\V'\Vil) lN" mN il"'~

47,11 B (18:2)

,'\v' O'!l'N ,'\v

1l '\V'lN " l n'\V'\Vil)

Db

il"'~

il\V'lN II lN" mN il\VlN

DO C2e 2

il"'~

ll' lN" mN il\VlN

233

'nN " l n'\V'\Vil)

'\V'lN " l n'\v'\vil

N~n N' OVil 'Y.lN" O:JY.lV 'lN Ol N~N N~' OVil 'N ,'Y.lil 'Y.lN'l

47,12 18:2-3 B

':J ':J ':J

DOC2

-

""

"Y.lN" 'lN Ol O:JY.lV

':J

D be2 234

N~n N' "1ln '1Y.lN" O:JY.lV 'lN Nl ~~N

OVil 'N

1Y.lN',

LXXg* and Eth. omit ':J with the restoration. 47,13 18:3 B D 234 240

CHAPTER TWO

':J l ' U, 0'\V' 'Y.l u'~n mm' ON' l ' U, m'\V' N' om Ol ON 'l"N m'\V' N' U"N U"V nml U"V Ul O'i" un~i'Y.l ,,!l' ON' l, Ul O'i" ~, om ,Y.lV ON

47,14 18:3 B D boe 2

"YO u, i1'i1n " :n" i1ny, tJ'!)'N i1,'lVY l"Ni1 UOO i1Y'll i1ny UO, UO, i1nN i1'TY"Yl i1ny, i1'i1' "Yl i1'i1n

DC2

"Yl i1'i1n

i1ny,

i1''lVYl

i1'i1'U, i1'i1n

234

"Y' "TY'

,'Oi1 "!)'IV' ,oy', i1'IVYN O"l'Yl l"" ''lVN ,'Oi1 Oi1"N 'ON"

47,15 18:3-4 B

,ny,

o i1'

O"l!)'

Db

on,

U,

i1'TY'

i1'IVYN O"l'Yll"" ''lVN ,'Oi1 Oi1"N 'ON"

i11TY'

O"l!)'

DO C2e2

234-235

Un'TY'

LXXcX ends the line 'OY" ,'Oi1 O'P"

Kat aVECJTTj 0 ßaatAEU5 Kat ECJTTj.

lNP nN ,'Oi1 ,~" O'!)'N" mNo, 'N~' OYi1 "" 'Y'lVi1 " 'N ""

47,16 B (18:4-5)

N~'

D bc 2e2

O'!)'Nl' mNOl

,~

DO

O'!)'Nl' mNOl "i1

,~

D b' 235

O'!)'N' mNOl

- -

,~

O'IVPl"

47,17 18:5 B D b'

" UN' ,mN' 'nN nN' ''IV'lN nN' O'YO'IV OYl1 ", pm O"'lVlN' 'Yl' i1'IV'lN ,YO'IV ",i1'IVlN YO'IV ", O"'lVlN nN 'Yli1 nN "'lVn i1'IVlN YO'IV ", O"'lVlN nN 1Yli1 nN "'lVn

D boC2e2

YO'IV

235

",

-

O"'lVlN

'Yli1 nN

"'lVn

O"'lVlN

'Yli1 nN

"'lVn 'ON'

Original is LXXlLXX Luc : lN nN 'n'N' illil 'ON" lNP' U>'N' lNP 'ON" il'Nl 47,25 'llil »Yil D boC2 (18: 10-11) 'llil »Yil D e2 lN'" U>'N' lNP 'ON" 240 il'Nil is TT] OPUI and »Yil is TU) OEVOpU).

'Y 'Y

47,26 18: 11 B 0° D C2

'2

o'U>on il'U>Y il'U>Y

,'v, 'Y

nn,

»'Nil il!l'N 'nm 'lN' il!l'N 'nm,

"

-

'lN

"

'nm 'lN'

-

ob

'lN

'nm,

D e2 240

'lN

um,

-

'nm,

O"U>lN nN nmi1' n"il N"

o'U>on

"

"

"

'nnn

OU> »'N il

"lOil

ilO'

'Y

'lN

D b'

ynm n'N' illi1'

OU> ,n':m N"

"

ynm

" "

Column 48 (2 Sam. 19:6-13) Herbert, 266 (48A), Plate XXXIX, number 1

48A,1 19:6-7 B

1'Nl\V J1N i1Ji1N"

1'\vl \V!)H 1'\vl \V!)l' 1'\V~"!) \V!)l' 1'\Vl \V!)l'

1'\V~"!) \V!)H

DC2* De2

lil'nJJ' 1'\V~"!) \V!)), 1'\V) \V!))l 1J1n!)\V0 J1N' 1\V!)l J1N

1'Nl\v J1N ilJilN" 'nY" " O"lY

DO

ny,'

O"U> " 1'~' OPil N",' O""I!)ilO"U> N' OPil

ObC2

ny,'

O"U>

De2

ny,' O'i' ilny, "l'Yl

'U>' TN "

DOC2

'U>' i1T "l!l' 'U>' i1T

Ob

"l!l' , "I!) , i1T

"l!l'

N!l o'i'

n,m ""lilN nN NlU>'" n,m, -

OPil

N!l N!l

De2

255-256

1J1N

J1N' 1'\V~"!) \V!)l' 1'\Vl \V!)l'

48A,2 B (19:7)

48A,3 19:7-8 B

-

1'\V~"!)'

ObOC2

254

1'J1UJ' 1'lJ \V!)l J1N' tHm 1\V!)l J1N

1'\VH

o'no

u,,,

'n O"U>lN " N" " OPil

OPil OPil U" U" OPil U" OPil U" OPil

"O"U>lN-

U'l'N O'MO"l!)' lnO U" "0' O"U>lN ON

"

COLUMN48(2sAM.19:6-13)

243

48A,4 19:8 B

1''''

\!m-t

"V

Do c2e2

1\!)'

N!il' 1l'N ON " 'M~\!») illil'l " 1'1lV l" N) 1111 ON ON Ol'il l"l- 1Vl\!») ON Ol'il OVil nN1p"

Db

1\!)' 1N

N" Ol'il OVil nN1p"

256

lVl\!») O'1l1 Nl!iil ')!)" l!i'Mill

N!i1' 1)'N ON "

48A,5 19:8 B

1V 1'1vm 1'''V

Db

1V1

ilNl 1\!)N ,,, ilN:Jil

DO C2

De2

il"'''il ", ,nN ,,,

V11

mNlil mV1il -

"'0 -

i1T V1' ,,, " ,,, i1T V1 10N'1

n1N:Jil mV1il -

"'0 -

i1T V1' ,,, " ,,, i1T V11

il"NO -

i1T V1' ,,, " ,,, i1T V11

mNlil mV1il

1V1

256

ilV1il il~lil ""0'" nNT ilV11 "'0 nNT ,,, nNT ,,,

-

1V1

,'V1 "l Nt)'il "V "lN" ')l "V ,"lN nN '!)ilN

1Y'lVil 'Y "r.li1 illil 11'lil tJYil 2"" 1Y'lVil 'Y :J'IV" '20il tJ'i'" ilny 1Y'IV:J - :J'lVP 10N' 1Y'IV:J 1Y'IV:J - :J'IV' 10N' '" 1Y'IV:J:J'IV' 10N' tJYil ' ' ' ' 'lP' YO'IV tJYil ' " tJ'1Y'lVil 'N :J'IV" " , tJ'i'"

48A,6 19:8-9 B D 257

48A,7 D (19:9-10) 257-258

tJYil ' " 'il" P'ilN' 'IV'N t)l 'N1'IV"

,'Oil 'l!l' tJYil ' " N':J" 1Y'lVil 'Y

tJ'1Y:J '"''IV'' ,mi'o, 'IV'N t)l 'N1'IV"

N,m 'l':J'N "0 u"~n - tpo "0 epo

48A,8 19:10 B D boC 2

""

"

t)'0

De2

P:J'N "

t)'0

258

U':J'N

t)'0 U"~il '11

"1:J' "'N l"1"

"Oil 1mN' 'N1'IV' ''':J'IV ''':J l"l l11l l11l

1mN'

:J':Jt)

lust as lamed without its shaft resembles dalet - see to II,37-38; V,20 and 14,4 - so here it is mi staken for final pe, which is dalet extended downwards. LXX wavered between "0 and t)'o and decided to give both. 48A,9 19:10-11 B

un\!)o 1\!)N

01"\!)lN lVO

tn ''IV:JN'

DO* 01'\!):JN1

DO C2

De2

244

O"'IV:JNO' ,m"0001

tJ'n'IV'!) tJ 'M 'IV'!) O'n'IV'!)il

- 1m"0001

tJ 'M \!),!) il

O"'IV:JNO ,m"ooo,

tJ 'M 'IV'!) il

01"'lVlNO 1m"00Y.l1

o 'M\!)' !)il

tJ1''IV:JN01 ,m"or.m,

Db

259

l'1Nil 10 n1:J ilnV1 O"n'IV"!)il tpO u,,"o

un\!)o 1\!)N1

CHAPTER TWO

i1:J"OOil

10 n1l ilnV1

"r.H1 nN l'\!.)iI' o'\!.),nn onN iln, iln)" ilnn,nl nn 'N l'\!.)' 'N 'l'\!.) ilnlN o'\!.),nn 'N l'\!.)' onN o'\!.),nn nn ", 'N 'l'\!.) o'\!.),nn onN iln,

48A,10 B(19:11)

De2 ObOC2 259

"n u,

"n u',v

'lj7T 'N "l' ,mN' O'lm:H1 ,n'lN' j7"~ 'N n'\!.) "" "nm ,n'lN 'N' ,n'lN 'N'

48A,11 19:12 B Oe2

260

u',v

'\!.)N' 'N "l' ,mN' O"'lil O'lil'iI ,n'lN' j7"~ 'N n'\!.) "" LXXAcefjxb2, Eth., Coptic, Armenian delete 'N after j7"~. 1m, is consistently written full in the scroll, but the pluralo'lm, not - see to 36A,5.

" 'l" m'l 'N J,nil nN l'\!.)iI' O'l,nN Piln iln, ,mN' iI1m' m'l' 'N l'\!.)' ou,nN' o ,,, nN ,',nil' O'l,nN Piln iln, ,nN' iI1m' 'Ol\!.) 260 Josephus and LXXdefjlmp-tvwz deleted "nil 'N Nl 'N'\!.)' " 'l", while LXX Luc transferred it to the end ofthe following verse (13). LXXcX and Eth. deleted both the sentence and aB ofverse 13. See to 49,2. Correct Herbert, 174, line 12: "n]il n[N with dot over taw to ,l,nil[ nN with small cirdes over ha and lamed. For comparison refer to the surviving "nil in the penultimate line ofthe fragment just above. The lamed shafts (here barely visible) are both short. The body of mem is dear here; and, while the ha is too broken to identify, the hamem outline is identical to that in the fragment above.

48A,12 B(19:12)

48A,13 19:12-13 B D

260

OV' mlNn il' "T.lil 'T.lN " Ul':J' ,:J'U)i1'

'T.l::lV

onN 'nN onN 'nN

-

onN 'nN

-

"T.lil 'N N:J ,N'\!)' Ul':J 'N

lT.l::lV onN mN

The restoration follows OL: ut reducerent eum in domum suam quia dixerat rex haec dicetis ad populum. The addition is required for two reasons: 1) there is writing in the fragment one line below line 12; and 2) 48B, whose text is contiguous, but whose lines restored are 4-5 mm longer than those of 48A, belongs to col. 49, whose restored lines are the same length. That is, line 12 is not the last line of 48; but rather at least one line separates it from the first line of 48B (top of col. 49); and thus the OL addition.

COLUMN

48(2

SAM.

19:6-13)

245

Column 49 (2 Sam. 19:13-16 and 23-29) Herbert, 266 (48B) and 267, Plate XXXIX, numbers 2 and 3 Plate XXXIX, number 2

"r.li1 nN

"D1~n N~m>"

48B,1 19:13-14 B

"on

'~ov"

l'~n,

m'l'

O'l,nN pnn . no, onN no" no" pnm no" -

Db DC2 N~lV"

D oe2 261

"~l'

"l1n N~OV" Unlike with on, (singular) =

apTol (plural), LXX is inconsistent in its handling of "flesh" and "bones" - cf. Micah 3 :2: O'N~' on',vo 0'1» "Tl omo~v 'VO aprral;OVTE5 Ta OEp\laTa auTC:,UV arr auTC,UV Kai Ta5 aapKa5 aUTUJV arro TUJV oaTEUJV aUTUJV. LXX at 19: 13 has "bones"

and "flesh" in the plural, as at 5: 1 (35,9-10), but changed to the singular in verse 14 where the antecedent is the singular Amassa, perhaps due to the similarity between N~OV" and 'o~V". 3 5,9-10 = 2 Sam. 5: 1: UnlN "~l' 'o~V Uln LXX: IOOU oaTa aou Kai aapKE5 aou 1l\lE15 LXXLuc : IOOU 1l\lE15 oaTa aou Kai aapKE5 aou OLb: ossa tua et carnes tuae sumus Olv: nos ossa tua sumus et ex carne tua sumus 1 Chron. 11: 1 (parallel to 2 Sam. 5: 1): UnlN "~l' LXX: IOOU oaTa aou Kai aapKE5 aou 1l\lE15

'o~V

mn

LXXLuc : IOOU oaTOUV aou Kai aaps aou 1l\lE15 48, 13-48B, 1 = 2 Sam. 19: 13: onN "~l' 'O~V LXX: oaTa \lOU Kai aapKE5 \lOU U\lEI5 . LXXLuc : oaTOUV

\lOU Kat aaps \lOU U\lEI5 EOTE

OLv: et ossa mea uos 48B,2 = 2 Sam. 19:14: nnN ',~:n 'T.l~V LXX, LXXOC2 : oaTOUV \lOU Kai aaps \lOU au LXX be2: oaTOUV \lOU Kai aaps \lOU EI au

N' ON cl't)p n:" o'm'Nn " n\Vv' n, O'i1'N

48B,2 19:14 B

D 261

1 2 3 4

nnN

"~l' 'o~V

nnv, nnv, "" n"r,lT.ln nN' ovn nN l'~n N' no, mN

"N~m nm Verses 11-14 are repetitive (verse number is that ofthe reproach):

Verse Theme 11 "David saved us and fled and Absalom died:" 12 David told the priests to say to elders of Judah: 13 "Word of alJ Israel came unto the king unto his house": 14 "And to Amassa you will say:"

CHAPTER TWO

'l"

Reproach ,'mil rn~ l'lVil' tJ'lV,nl:) tJnN ill:)' ln'l 'N "I:)il nN l'lVil' tJ'l,nN "iln ill:)' ln'l 'N "I:)il nN l'lVil' tJ'l,nN Viln ill:)'

LXXcX and Ethiopian deleted 3. Josephus 258-259 = 1; 260 = 2; 261 246

N"n

=

theme 4

+ reproach 3. i11HP \!)'N ,,, ll' nN

n,\!)',

48B,3 19:14-15 B D bc 2e2

m,\!)', inN \!)'N'

tl'lJ'il "

m,\!)', inN \!)'N iV

DO

tl'lJ'il "

m,\!)', inN \!)'N'

N\!)IJV

m,\!)', inN \!)'N iV

N\!)lV

tl"N'1J m,\!)',

261-262 48B,4 19:15-16 B

D 263

tl'lJ'il "

'Nl i11H''' '~lN' 1Nl i111i1' '~lN' Nl i111;",

"

" il'iln Nl:::l .,\!)

i111i1' \!)'N ,,, ll, nN ""

1"m 'v N'l" "r.li1 l'~" ,"lV'

Nl i111;",

')0' il'iln Nl:::l .,\!)

"" lNV nnn

l'1m 'v

ill1N

"n, ,"lv,:n "nil 'N "1:1V ,:n 'l'~ 1nN' "nil 'N ,"lv,:n 1nN' "nil 'N il:J,nnil 'N l'~ 1nN' ,n 7N N'l" O'~'1' l'~" l'~

Plate XXXIX, number 3 O"il ':J 'l1V"

49,1 19:23 B D be2

ON

DC2

,'V

DO

N"il ':J 'N1~'l ~'N

N' Ol1V" N'

-

'N'~'l'J

,:J O"il "

Ol1V" N' Ol1V" N' -

O"il "

O"il ':J

265-266

l1n" N" O"il 1"~' O"il "

~,nn

O"il " O"il l1'tm

N'

LXXo: ETI ("V) is instead of OTI (':J). To verses 23-24 (lines 1 and 2) cf. 1 Sam. 11: 13 (XI,2-3).

49,2 B (19:23-24) DO Dbc2e2 266 49,3 B (19:25) D 267

"nil " Vl~" mnl1 N" 'vn~ 'N "nil 1nN" 'N1~"V "n 'lN 'lN "nN l1n)' "nN l1n" l1ml1

N' vm~ 'N

1nN"

il~V N" "nil l1N1P' '1' "N~ II

NUN NUN

"n 'lN l1~l'!lm

1l l1~l!lnm

1l1l1i1' II 'Vl!lnm 'l1N1P' '1' "N~ 1l II l1~l!lnm

LXX, LXX Luc : Kat OUK e8epamuaev TOUS- lTooas- aUTOU translate il~V with the Aramaic NUN "heal" to refer to the fact that Mephiboshet was a cripple (see 4:4 and 9:13), that is he belonged to a group despised by David (see 5:8), and that, having survived death and resurrection (see to 34,25), he didn't perform a healing miracle for David the king (see to 14,4).

COLUMN

49 (2

SAM.

19:13-16,23-29)

247

49,4 B (19:25) D 267

'v ,'mn

n" tlpn 1D' 0:1' t,n, P'l:1 mn m!)\V

n\Vv

N'" VO\V VO\V

,,,, nN ,'Dn n" opn 1D' '\vN' nN n'l N" 0:1' N" "'l:1 nN' The LXXlLXXLuc addition (p,' nN) VO\V N" continues the n\VV/NON

N"N"

P'l'

discussion from line 3. OUOE CUVUXIOCXTO refers in Lev. 11 :34,4,7,26 and Deut. 14:6-8 to the condition of animals which are not to be eaten. See especially Lev. 11 :26: KCXI ovuXIOTllpcxS' OVUXISEI for nvo\V nl'N Vo\V,. In using OVUXISEIV LXX connected this condition to ovu~ "talon", and thus at Lev. 11:7 Vo\V Vo\V' is rendered KCXI OVUXISEI ovuxcxS'. The talons - so LXX - are ofa lithic substance, n!)\V' = OVUXIOV (see Ex. 28:20, 39:13 and Ezech. 28:13 in lists of precious stones). LXX connected VO\V with n\VV/NoN, n!)\V' with tl!)\V "mustache" and CUVUXIOCXTO with OVUXIOV to expand and explain the things Mephiboshet failed to do to (the tips of) his digits. Lev. 1:17 implies that Vo\V means "tie up": nn:1TDn ... P!)l':1 mN Vo\V' "and he tied hirn by the shoulders ... to the altar". Cf. 1 Sam. 24:8: o,p, Olm N" 0":11:1 "\vlN nN ", VO\V', "And David bound his men in words (ropes?) and he didn't let them stand". At 1 Sam. 14:48 m"O\V "D 'N'\v' nN ,~" "And (Saul) saved Israel from he hand of its ,no\V" refers to his fight against the insurgent David. At 23:9 Vo,\V (spelled '\V'\V) is a byname for David in the LXX version ofthe hero-list: llV'N '\v'\v 1:1 "" 1:1, where EAECXVCXV approximates AECXVCU "grind" as reference to Mephiboshet' s failure to grind his fingemails before greeting David - see to 52,12 and 35,16.

49,5 B (19:25-26) D 268

49,6 B (19:26-27)

'DN" ,'Dn nN'p, o"\V'" N:1 " O,\V'" tl,\V", 'DN" ,,, nN'p, N:1 "

,I

'lI'J1 "lY m n 'l'N 11JY

DO

D bc 2e2 268

49,7 19:27 B

'i1"

I1\!.ll!lOO ,,';IN ';IY:J!)lJlJ ,'';IN

I1\!.ll!lOO ';IYl!lOO

';IYJ!llJlJ ,'';IN

';IYl!lOO

,'Dn nN ,'N'

'lJY m';ln N'';I nlJ';I,';IlJn ,';I

:1"N' ,mnn ',n\v:1n n.\V:1nN

11:1V

"

11:1V "

D bc2e2 268

11:1V "

CHAPTER TWO

,mnn nN ,N'O' "on 'l'N' "on n\Vv

nON :1mN'

P"~

nl1N'

'N

,';I

'lJY I1,';In N'';I nlJ';I

1lJN"

n',v

'\vN opn

o,\V'"

10N" I1\!.ll'!lO

,,';IN '1J' I1N Nl'~ n\!.lY N';I

Nm

DO

49,8 B (19:27-28) 269-270

248

O"\V:1 N:1

'i1"

n\V:1n

'l'N 2tLr!:1V:1 'l'" 11:1V

'DN

"

'l'1'DN

" 'l'1'ON " 11:1V

nO!) "

'l'l'" 'lN no!)',

49,9 19:28-29 B DOC2

'lN n'l 2':J j1'i'l N" N':J

O'm'Ni'l 1'l'Vl lnm i'llVV' 1'l'Vl lnm i'llVV' O'm'Ni'l 1N'Y.l:J 'lll' l'''i'l O'i'l'Ni'l 'lll' l'''i'l i'llVV O'i'l'N

-

Db De2

OV

270

'lN n'l ,,:J

l'N

O'i'l'Ni'l 'lll' l'''i'l i'llVV

O'i'l'N

O'i'l'Ni'l 'lll' lmi'l i'llVV

O'i'l'N O'i'l'Ni'l

N':J

LXXe2 :

0 Aa05 TOU OIKOU

01K05.

See to 47,19.

instead of TTa5

0 0lK05

is eITor for

OA05 0

Column 50 (2 Sam. 20:9 - 21 :6) Herbert, 268 + Herbert, 274 EI, Plate XL Herbert neglected to insert PAM 43.124 (= Herbert, 274) EI in the plate at page 268. See his restoration (page 180), which has the fragment integrated at lines 6-7. 1'l 'lVN l,nl 'Y.llVl N' NlVY.lV' " PlVl' NlVY.lV 1PTl lNP PY.l' l ' TnD' 50,1 '\vY.lV' '\vY.lV B (20:9-10) l,ni'l 1Y.l 1'Y.l'i'l 1'l lNP Tn', D 'PlVl' UPTl NlVY.lVl Tn', i'lnp', i'l~'N 'l,n 'llm 284 True to the tendency throughout the scroll to exchange mem and bel, LXX blurred the distinction between Avishai, Joab's brother, who is called Avisha, and Ammasa, Joab's archrival, who is called Amashai (at line 4

Aveshai). LXXLuc , for its part, changed l,nl to l,ni'llY.l. 'lV'lN' lNP' nm', " i'1llV N'" i'l~'N PVY.l 1lllV" lVY.lni'l 'V

50,2 20:10 B D 284

N"

i'llV'lN' NlVlN'

'N

lVY.ln' f'Ni'l

mn'Y.l"

'Y.lN" lN" ',y)l:) N\vY.lV"V P"V

DC2 Db

N\vY.lV" N\vY.lV" -

D b'

N\vY.lV" -

De2

N\vY.lV" -

DO 286

N\vl" 'Y.lN" JNP "V)I:)

rm;,

lNP lNP

lVY.lnl

i'll

At 2:23 and 3:27 LXXLuc wrote ~oav for LXX: ~uav for used Aayova. 50,3 20:10-11 B

i'll 'i'l:J', lNP

"v

\VY.ln,

,m',

lNP

but here he

1Y.lV \V'N' "::IaJUl\v ',nN '!l1' ,mN

'11'

,., ,., ,.,

'11:1

,., JNP "V)I:)

'11J

'11'

,.,

'11l

'Vl\v

'11:1

'VJ\v

'11l 1Y.lV \V'N'

'!l1" '!l1"

'VJ\v 'VJ\v 'VJ\v

',nN '11'"

Josephus shortened the end ofline 2 - beginning ofline 3 to: NlVY.lV mY.l" VllV "i'lN ~1'" and addedbetween aTrEKTEIVEV in 284 and arrOKTEIva5 COLUMN

50 (2 SAM. 20:9-21 :6)

249

beginning 286 a paragraph comparing the murder of Amassa to that of Assael, which also involved a pursuit: 'llN ',nN '~'lN' lNP ,!)"" (2:24). As correction to the defective text there (verse 23): ?!)l '~N tJ'pr.m ?N Nlil ?:J 'i1' "nv', nn', ?Nil~V tJ~ Josephus offers here the addition OfVl~ 'l~" "And they mourned seven days" (based on ,nv ~'N' ":Jl1l Vl~) between nm', and "nv',; and lines 2-3 here become: "And Amassa died and he pursued after (sitting) seven". 4QSama appears to have been reworked between resh in ,nN and ayin in Vl~. i1';7tmi1 1mJ Dn 2imo

50,4 20:11-12 B Obo

NlVO»' JN" '1nN ",,';7

'0' JN"J }'!:ln 1lVN '0 1lVN

'lVJ»'

m'J ';7';7)],,10' TlO mn ';7';7mo, rm

DC2e2 286-287

i1';7'OOJ J:JlV ';7';7nm

"m~

JN"';7 10N' 'lV'JN' JN" '1nN

1';7

1';70';7 1lVN '0

LXXa has '~N with MT. Josephus agrees with LXXLuc in giving "Avishai" Josephus: aßloalcu, LXX: aßeooal - for "Amassa" and thus strengthens the connection between the murder ofthe brother in 2:23-24 and the murder ofthe riyal general. LXXbo : epelTal/epelTe ,nN' "will say" for f!)n, while LXXc2e2 has a1pelTal "will prefer". ,?~" i11~il il?tmiln

50,5 20:12 B 0° OC2 e2

N~OV nN

i1?Onil 1n i11~

Ob 287

tJ~"

"'0"

tJVil ?,:J 'OV ':J ~'Ni1 N'" lO"?:J

'~lV

~'N

i11~

,?~"

i11~

,?~"

",i1 1n

~'N

H"'O" tJVil ?:J ,nv ':J 'r.l1~il N'"

To LXX bc2e2: Kai aTTeppl~e cf. 19:27: 'lll' '1lV "my servant tricked me" (LXX: OOUAOS" oou TTapeAoYlOaTo \le), which LXX Luc translated OOUAOS"

\lOU

°

°

aTTeppl~ev

\le "my servant threw me", translating iln, in its Aramaic

sense "threw". Here he confused ilO', the Aramaie for LXXLuc : Ul"T in the previous line, with its look-alike ilO'. For being thrown as therapy see John 5:5-7 and to 35,16. 19:26 says that Mephiboshet "came to Jerusalem to meet Oavid", apparently healed from his lameness; and thus he said, "My servant threw me", i.e. "My servant healed me (too late)" as answer to Oavid's query, "Why didn't you walk with me?" LXX: Kai aTTeoTpe~av is "'0" as at MT 2 Sam. 5:6 (35,16).

50,6 20:12-13 B Obo 00*C2 Oe2 287

250

CHAPTER TWO

i1';7'00i1 10 NlVO» TlN mi1 1lVN:J

"TO»' ,,';7» NJi1 ,,, ?:J

i1N1 1lVN:J '~l ,,';7»

- »'m mN

'i1" ",» '0» 'i1" ,,';7» '0»

':J

'il" "';7» '0»

':J

':J ':J ':J '~l

,,';7»

For LXXLuc : l-IeTEOTTjoev = illn se Provo 25:4-5. To LXX: eOTTjKoTCX "having stood". i.e. "after he stood" so with MT 10V' "and he stood" see 2:23 no', "OV", LXXlLXXbc2e2: 10V" no', - see to 32,29. 50,7 20:13-14 B D boC2

''Ol\!) In)l 'lV" "'l II Vl\!) ',nN t'J1" lN" ',nN '11l '11l '111

D b'

De2 287-288 50,8 B (20:14) Doc2e2

Db 288 50,9 B (20:15) D boC 2

De2 DC2* 288

''Ol\!) "'l 'lV"

ovn 'N 'lV \!)'N " 'N'\!)' \!)'N " 'Vl\!) " Vl\!) " 'Vl\!) " 'l\!) ',nN t'J1" lN" ',nN Ovn " 'lV"

'Nl" ",nN t'JN 'Nl" ,n,p" O"ln ", n,vo n'l' n'lN 'N'\!)' - N'l" "np" "'l n'On'l' "np o',vn ,:mn'l' n'lN' "np ,'vn "On'l' n'lN' "~,, Nl" n""lNl N,n " " '1'l" 'N'\!)'

",~"

'\!)N ovn ", ,nl 10vm ,'vn 'N n??t> "!l\!)" n,von n'l n'lNl ,,'V n'On'l '\!)N 'lNl ""\!)" "On'l' ,v ,np', "On'l' 10V" ,V ""\!)" "on'l' ,mn ,~" n',v n??t> "!l\!)" ,'vn 'V

'V

,n

'VO\!) ,'vn 10 no,n n\!)N N,pm nmnn "!ln, o'n'n\!)o lN" nN 'ONm nmnn ,,',\!)n Dbo Nl "" \!) n ,,',\!)n Nl nmnn De2 Nl nnp' ,,',\!)n DC2 nmnn 10 no,n n\!)N N,pm nmnn "!ln, 288-289 "!ln, is KcxTcxßcxAe I v and nnp, is KcxTcxAcxße Iv. 50,10 B (20:15-16)

50,11 B (20:16-17) Do c2e2 D

b'

Db 289 50,12 D (20:17) 289

n"N

l'P" 1"N i11l1N' i1ln 1V l'P "'N lN" "'N i1ln, lN" "'N i1ln, l" "'N n"N l'P"

lnoN "l1

Nl

lN" 'N Nl "ON 'VO\!) lN'" lN'" lN'"

-

VO\!) " ,0Nm 'lN 'ON" lN" nnNn n\!)Nn 'ONm 'ONm

COLUMN

50(2 SAM. 20:9-21:6)

251

50, 13 "NU>' "NU> ,mN, imU>N'l "l" 'l' ,mN, 'ONm ':JlN VOU> 'ON" BI (20:17-18) 'NU>' lNP B2 nnN"NU>'~NU> "l' D boe2

'l' 'l'

DC2 ,'NU>'

D2b'

lNP

"l'

"BI" and "B2" in the variants to lines 13-14 indicate the two vers ions arranged back to back in LXX and LXX Luc - of the text between ,u-tu> in line 13 and 'N'U>' in line 14. BI is given above in the normal fashion - that is, only through its variants from the restored line. B2, on the other hand, appears in its entirety, which deviates from MT=4QSama restored only through the additional word nnN = \.1\ a, which is not part of the text, but rather a gloss indicating the preferable of the two versions. The gloss was placed after '7NU>', because there the line ended in 4QSama, the Vorlage for LXX. The copyist read the word after 7N'U>" imN, as nm~ and produced B2, which LXXMGaginvy* and OL deleted, as response to what he considered a scribal directive. "D2" designates the Lucianic variants from B2.

"v n'on7 U>j7l0 nm~ 7N'U>' 'lmN m7U> ':JlN mnn p, 7lNl

50,14 BI (20: 18-19) B2 Dbc2e2

nnN'

DO

Dzb' D 2C2 289 50,15 20:19-20 B

Db 289-290

"v

V7lN ON '7 n7'7n 'ON" lNP 1V" nm' n7m V7ln n07 7N'U>'l ON' n7'7n n,',n " 07U>"'l n7:JN ON " n7'7n 'ON" lNP 1V" 7N'U>'l ON'

50,16 B (20:20-21) b'

D D boc2e2 290 50,17 B (20:21) D bc2e2

DO 290-291

252

'l'ON '0U> 'U>N 1'l' 'N'U>' 'lmN m7U> ':JlN mnn p, 7lNl onn nnN' onn nlNl nnN' mn '7nN nmn7 U>j7l0 nnN

CHAPTER TWO

'V

7V 7V

", NU>l mU> ":Jl 1l VlU> O"l:lN ,no U>'N ':J 'l,n p N7 n'nU>N ON' NU>l' - "'l - "'l

", N\Vl

'V lU>

":Jl 1l Vl\V

':l

illn JNP 'N il\VNil 10Nm 1'Vil 'VO il"N' nJ, 1'VilO -

'V

1'VilO 1J,n, 1'Vil '1m 1'Vil 'VO il"N'

n7"l

"V

"" ,I

,,,,J ,'OJ

mN un

"

m il

mN " mN " mNun

"" ,'Oil JNP 10N" ,'OJ

50,18 20:21-22 B Do c2 e2

Db 291-292 50,19 20:22 B D boc 2e2 D b' 292

50,20 B (20:22-23) D 292

m:m,

ilnl:l:mJ

m,,', "Vil ." m,,', ilnl:l'n:J "Vil ." m,,', ilnl:l'n:J "Vil ." m,,', 7YO

'~'!)"

tJVil " 'N

'~Nm

"N 'I:lNm

II:l

,"m

"N 11:lNn,

II:l

-

"Vil 'J\v" J,

Yi'n', :IN" 7N "'7\V" n"m

,!),\v:I

OYil l"!)" OYil l"!)" ,!),\v:I Yi'n',

'N il\VNil N'Jn, ill:lmil 'VJ l',N ,,\v1:l '\vN'

,,7\Vn, ';""7\V" ';""7\V" :IN" N:I~7 U""7\V"

:IN" :IN"

',,:1 P

Y:I\v \vN' nN

',,:1 ',1:l

'Y:I\v ':I\V \vN' nN

7N'\v' N:I~il 7" 7N :IN'" ,70il 7N 0'7\V'" :I\V :IN'" "7mN7 \V'N

N:I~il

7Y 7" 7Y 0\V",

07\V'" :I\V :IN'"

UOO

"Yil

"Yil 7YO "7"

m'N' 'l17!)il 7Y' "'il 7Y V"~';"~ P il'):I' m7mN "'):1, o,m'N' 'l17'il TOU TTAIV810U l1W, o"':lm "'):1, TOU TTAIV810U l1W, o"':lm "'):1, Y'" DO TOU TTAIV810U "'):1, l1'P' o"':lm De2 293 '7mN P \?!)\V"m "Oil 7Y O"'N' ,70il nm 7Y "'):1, The list offunctionaries at lines 21-22 appears also at 2 Sam. 8:16-18, which is paralleled at 1 Chron. 18: 15-17 and 1 Kings 4:2-6. LXX reworked the list and inserted it at 1 Kings 2:46h. See the introduction to column 38 for an expalanation ofthe different orderings ofthe functionaries. The list at 20:2325 differs from that at 8: 16-18 both in order and through the addition of two functionaries, which are designated C and G in the chart introducing column 38. The additional one for 50,21 is: "nil lJ'1~' 50,21 "nil N1lV 1l lJ"1~' 1 Kings 4:6 tmil 'V ~'OV lllJ''J11~' 4:6 LXX "nil 7V lJ'1V lllJ"l"~' 4:6 LXX-C2 "nil lJ'1V lllJ"l"~' 4:6 LXX-boe2 "nil '~'1~ 1l il',"~' 1 Kings 2:46h "nil'V i',n 1l lJi'n~, 2:46h LXX-Luc LXX and LXXLuc confused 'n,oil ',:m as follows: LXX: TOU xeAe881 combined the two postions to one: 'n,:m, which LXXLuc rendered TOU TrAIV810U,

50,21 B (20:23-24) D bc 2

"7mN P \?!)\v'il" "Oil 7Y m7mN Y7nnN l!)~' Y7nnN l!)~' Y7nnN l!)~'

"" ,,,

,V

'V,

'V 'V'V

'm'!)il. LXXLuc replaced 'l1'Oil, the second part ofthe duet, with TOUSOUVOOTOS-, lJ"llil, as adjunct to verse 14 (line 8): 'il'i'" lJ"lil ,:n, which is defective for ".!:m" lJ"lail ,:n " ... and all the heroes, and they assembled". lJ"lil is indistinguishable from lJ',:m in the script, so ',:m at line 21 became lJ',:ml lJ"lil at line 8; and m,i'" at line 8 became 'l1,:m, at line 21.

COLUMN

50 (2

SAM.

20:9-21 :6)

253

" " , 1in:> j1'il "N'i1 N"V tm D'lin:> ,n'lN' j7"~' '!Jt) N'\V' ,':>Tr.l D'lil:> ":>Tr.lil 1" N'i1 t)"v '!J't)il t)'\V" ,n'il N\v'\v'

50,22 20:24-26 B D boc2e2 D b'

V'", -

,n'il

\V"\V

V',,, -

N\v'\v'

D'l\v D'lil:> ,n'lN' j7"~' '!J,t) N\v'\v' nm':>Ti1 'V

293

The additional functionary for 50,22 is: "", 1in:> il'il "N'il N"V Dl' 1il:m j7"~ 1l 'il"TV j7"~ 1l "TV 1il:>il j7"~ 1l t)',TV j7"~ 1l t)"TV 1il:>il j7"~ II il"TV 1il:>il j7"~ 1l t)"TV

50,22 1 Kings 4:2 4:2 LXX 4:2 LXX-c2 4:2 LXX-boe2 1 Kings 2:46h 2:46h LXX-Luc

,\vN 'V nl\V ',nN nl\V D'l\v \V"\V " " 'O'l

50,23 21 :1 B (21 :1)

lV' 'il"

",

l"Nl

Do c2e2

Db

l"Nil D'lVllil nN nmil ,'N\v ,\vN 'V

294 50,24 21:2 B D 294

'V lV' 'i1"

,,, DVO "" "" \Vj7l 'l"

'Vl\vl 'N'\v' 'll' Dil',N 'ON" inil' 'l!J n!ij'Oil \Vj7l" D'nVllil nN n'Oil

D'lj7Tin V\v'il" Dml'Vllil ,'N\v nmil '\vN 'V D'Nllil "ON" D'il'Nil nN ,,, \Vj7l" 'Vl\vl Instead of om,N MT, LXX and LXX Luc have verses 1b-2a:

'V

MT: Oi",N ,nN" O'lVJl' "nn N'i'" O'lVJln nN n'nn '\vN o'n,n n'J ,N' ,'N\v ,N nm' ',nNn ,n'n ON ':> nnn ,N'\v' 'lJn N, O'lVJlm LXX: " " "nn N'i'" Om'l'VJln nN n'nn '\vN 'V o'n, nm l'V 1n'J 'V, ,'N\v 'V mn' ',nNn o,n ON ':> nnn 'N'\v' 'lJ N,n O'n')1VJlm on"N ,nN" Om'l'VJln nN LXX Luc : nN "nn N'i'" Om'l'VJli1 nN n'nn o'n, nm '\vN 7V 11vn 1n'J 7V' ,1N\v 'V nm' pn O"r.lNi1 ,n'r.l '::> 'N'\v' ')lr.l Pi1 N, 0'n')1Vllm Oi1',N 'r.lN'1 0'n')1Vl:li1 (LXXo has '\vN 'V instead of o'n, nm '\vN 'V)

"'v

50,25 21:2-3 B D b'oC2 e2

ill:l

'N "" 1I:lN" m'il" 'N1'IV'

n'N1i'l om:m, ,'N'IV 'lVi'l"

Oil'

'll' mN1i'l O'11'l1Vllil

Db ill:l

294-296 50,26 21 :3-4

B D 296

254

O'lVlm

CHAPTER TWO

'll' mN1i'l

O'11'l'Vllil

-

nN1i'l

0'11 'l1Vll il

-

nNli'l

u,

"

1I:lN" O'nlWlm ,N

l'N

O'lVllil

"''IV''

n""

O'i'" on"'il '11'l' On'l:lil '11'l' Oil'

" "ON', inil' n,m nN ,,'l' '!J:>N ilOl, D:>' il\VVN

D'n'l'Vllil Dm'l'Vllil "ON',

'!J:>N ilOl' D:>' il\VVN

50,27 D b' (21 :4) D boc2e2 50,28 21 :4-5 B Dboc2e2

no

on, on,

'lVN 'lVN 'lVN

D b'

'ON" 'N'lV'l 'N'lV' 'N'lV'

1:1'on, lV'N U, l'N' ,n'l OV' "NlV OV lnT1 C')t), li1T 'N

"0 lV'N ,n'on, "0 lV'N n'on,

U!l'" u"V n" 'lVN lV'Nn "on 'N "ON" 0" - 'lVN' U'l

O"ON onN

nlVVN nlVVN' nlVVN'

U"

u"

nlVVN'

O'lN onN O'lN

LXXLuc : O'lN (8EAETE) "desire" is original, and O"ON "say" emerged when a copyist misread the yod as resh and exchanged mem with bel, so that O'lN became O'ON and thus O"ON. LXX: lTCXPEAOYIOCXTO read no,.for MT: no, - see above to line 5. l'lJO D'\!>lN i1»J\!> U, DJ1m, 'N'\!>' ',J) ',:JJ JY'T1ilO

50,29 21 :5-6 B

Dboc 2e2

ll'O\!>il'

1m' 1m'

U10\!>l lJY'T1ilO U10\!>l

uml

U'O\!>l U10\!>l

D b'

Dil'lJO

uml

296

l'lJO

ilVJ\!> U, ilnp'l

U,

il01

Column 51 (2 Sam. 21:8-16) Herbert, 269, Plate XLII, number 1

'n,non "T'l II 'N"'V' i11" 'lVN "NlV nl "'0 'll nlVon nN' 'n'lnon "lV' 'nvon "TN "",l"O 'nvon "TlVN "", l"O

51,1

"0

B (21:8) D bc2e2

DO

51,2 B (21 :9) DboC2

Dill 1n' D'T1VJ\!>

"!l" illil' 'l!l'

'ilJ

DV'P"

D'lVJ)il

"J DlJ1"

D'T1'llVJ)il D\!>

D b'e2

D\!>

296

'ilJ illil'

'l!l' D'J1'l'VJ)il

D'T1'l'VJ)il '1'J

'l!l' 'l!l' D'T1'l'V:J)il

D'T1'llVJ)il '1'J Dl:J"

D'lVJm

1'J DlJ1"

nl n!l::l' npm O"VlV "::lP n,nn O'llVN'l "::lP 'O'l ,non n,nnl mOill n,nnl not>' For LXX Luc : SEICUV = not)' see Is. 28:25 .

51,3 B (21 :9-10) D

COLUMN 51

(2

SAM.

21 :8-16)

255

51,4 B (21 :10)

0'Y.l

1nl 1V

De2

'0

O"V~

DO Db DC2

'0

O"V~

'Y.l 'Y.l

0'1»~

297

'Y.l

Oil'7V

O"V~

n7nno "~il 7N il7 'il"m P~il nN il'N n7nnl il"n, 7V ill

7V 7V 7V

O"V~

il'~V

il"m

1nl' n'n nN' OOP Oil'7V nU7 O'Y.l~il ~'V illnl N7' O'Y.l~il 10 Oil'7V

51,5 B (21 :10) D 297

nl~7

O'O~O

- 0'i17N 0'i17N

~l7'!:1 il'N nl il!:l~' iln~v '~N 7" nN 1"17 1l" il7'7 i11~il

51,6 21: 10-11 B 51,7 B(21 : 11-12) D

"~p

'7Vl nNO Ul 1nl1i1' mo~v nN' 7'N~ mo~v nN np', 1'" 17" 7'N~ 'll

O'~lNil '~)N

After 7'N~ LXX adds: O'N!:I'il '17'0 NP II 11 onp', '!:IV". LXX Luc put the addition (~NP for NP) before 1l" in line 6. 51,8 21 :12 B

OPl 0"n~7!:1il O~ 0'7n '~N

onN 'lll '\vN 1V7l ~'l'

1~

Do c2e2

l~n'l

Db

l~n'l

lmil 10 nomo nmno

1n~'l

nmno

01l'~il

"

D b'

51,9 B (21 : 12-13)

DO

n1O~V

nN'

7'N\v mr.l~)) m~

'\vN

51,10 B (21:13-14) D boe2

DC2 51,11 21:14 B (21 :14) D 297

CHAPTER TWO

7V7l

7))" ))'J7lJ 7'N\v nN onn\v7!) nm\V7!:lt'l om\V7!:lt'l "" 0\Vr.l nm\V7!:lt'l

0\Vr.l

l1tJi1

""

D bc2e2

256

n'l lmo

UJ 1m,;,',

"n~\/I mo~v

nN "Ji'" tJ'Vi"o;, nm~v nN '!l1:)N" UJ 1m,;,'

1m,;,' nm~v nN'

,\/IN tJ'Vi'mm tJ'Vi"O;'

mo~v

nN' -

tJ'Vi'nm

nm~v

nN' -

1m,;,' mt:l~v nN'

p ',nN l"N7 0'i17N ,n))',

0'il7Nil l"Nil 0'i17Nil 7~" 0'il7N ,n))',

17r.lil m~ '\vN 7:> \V))" 17r.lil m~ '\vN 7:> '\V))" 17r.lil m~ '\vN 7:> \V))"

'11:)N" ,Ji'"

'11:)N"

,Ji'"

'11:)N"

"lN \V'p ,Ji' ))7~J Pr.l'lJ l"NJ ,Ji'J ,Ji'J l"NJ

The deletion of the text at line middle is supported by Coptic. The fragment shows empty room at the ends oflines 11 and 12. A skipped line is rare; the only other case is 1,22. A doubly marked line-break - once through line foreshortening and again through indentation of the next line, occurs also at 52,17-18. 51,13 D (21 :15) 298 51,14 21:15-16 B Doc2 e2

Db 298-299

my

",:1Y' "" ""

"VJlN'

" , N~l"

'N'VJ' l1N o"l1VJ,n, i'lr.m'o "y mm 'N P ',nNO 'il"

M'i'l ,,"':1 i'l'i'l 'VJN VJN" 1l "" "" t'JY" O"l1VJ,ni'l l1N mn,', ""':1 :1l:1 ,:1VJ', TOU pa4>a - ':1VJ', O'Nn,i'l ""'0 t'J'"

""

O~~i'l~~'o

WN

~~

O'Nn,i'l ""'0 apaou 1l aK~ovos-' i'lN'" t'JY" o'l1VJ,n l1N on", Marcus to An!. vii, 298 (Marcus VII-VIII, 162 note a) identifies CXKI-10V05 with po:," father of OY:1VJ' (cf. here ,:1VJ'), the leader of David' s heroes (1 Chron. 11: 11). At 2 Sam. 23:8 1m:," is 'm:,"l1, LXX: "the Canaanite"; and OY:1VJ' is l1:1VJ:1 :1VJ' (describing the weary David resting), LXX: l1VJ:1" i.e. l1VJ:1 VJ'N (l1VJ:1'no), Saul's son and riyal ofDavid for the crown! Josephus confused i'ln,i'l "":1 (cxpa" 'l1Vt.J 't.Jn'l!>N' 1t.JV tJlt.Jn mp1::l' i11t.Jn'l!>N' '7 iHn' '7 ')7t.Jl" ')7t.Jl"

18:24-26 '1' n1i1' '7 '1' L ')7t.Jl' - '7 l''I!>' '1' 'l' 'np1::l' 22:21 ')7t.Jl1 ')7t.Jl '1' 'l' B ')7t.Jl' - ')7t.Jl' '1' 1'l' D ') 7!:ll , '7 l''I!>' '1' 'l' 18:21 ')7t.Jl" ')7!:ll' '1' L The bottom five lines in the block are the version of ":J~ 'i"~~ " i11i1' :J\V" at

'l"

'l"

258

CHAPTER TWO

verse 21. For LXXLuc : m1NOTl for oo~aallo5 IlOU - see oo~aalla = Tl1NOTl at Is. 46: 13 and Lam. 2: 1: oo~aaTo5 = Tl1NOTl at Deut. 26: 19. He meant 'lV10Tl, which is not used in the Bible in the sense "repay". arroolooval is l'um; aVTarroolooval is 'Ol. The distinction is particularly noticeable in Hatch/Redpath at aVTarrooolla. 'OTlTl U>j?V CV' 1lTlTl 1ll CV COTlTl cmTl 1ll CV' ,tmTlTl 1'll CV

52,2 22:26-27 B D C2e2

"tm

CV' CV' c"'tm

Db DO

CV, ,Tl OTl Tl

18:26-27 L

11lTlTl CV,

52,3 B (22:28-29)

inil"

inil' '1'l

'l'N

Do c2 e2

Db 18:28-29 L

CV

ilTlN ':J

1'NTl

m'N inil' ':J m'N m'N

ilTlN ':J "!J'I.lTl C'01'l' 1'l'l" l"'I.lm !ll' Ol' TlN' o 'l 'v, 'Wil Ol'il ilTlN ':J 1'NTl 'l'l" ilTlN ':J ilTlN ':J

m01 - O'l'l" 0'01 - 'l'l"

'1l1'NTl 1'NTl

'1l 1'NTl is elose in the script to 'l1TNO (line 6).

52,4 22:29-31 B

':J1' C'OTl 'Nil 1'U> l,'N 'in,Nl '''l ~'1~ 1l ':J ':JU>n m,Nl il:Jl m,Nl'

':JU>n " ':JU>nl " n'll"l

1"l

Doc2e2

':JU>nl

1"l

Db 18:29-31 L

m,Nl' Y1N 'il'Nl' "'lO m'~l

m,N

il'l'

n'll"l il'll"l

To 1'U> l,'N see Acts 3:8 (Syr.): 1,u>m •••1'U>' for Kai E~aAAOIlEV05 ... aAAOllEV05 "and leaping ... leaping" and see below to line 14. 1'~ 'm 52,5 22:31-32 jPil' 1:l1P B 1~" D boC 2 1~" D C2*e2

1"l":10 inil' "'l':10 mil' "'»:10 inil' "'»:10 inil' "'l':10

tl o'onil ,,:J, Nm

'N '0

,:J,

':J

po O'!Jml

inil' '1:1' mON rp1:l1 pm 1:1'

il!J'1~

':J ':J - Oil'on

om'Nil "'l':10 1~" ':J D b' mON il!J'1~ inil' "'l':10 in'N ':J o'omil ,:J, 18:31-32 om'N inil' "'l':10 om'N ':J L The plural R'O'1~ mn' '1l' is supported not only by Psalms LXX but also by LXXa at Samuel. The final mem - against Herbert, 187 line 2 - is

certain; its upward slanting left wedge - compare with those of the two mems four lines under - differs from that of ha, whose angle is more horizontal- cf. the ha four letters beyond. LXX: EOTal (nm') is the divine name (yod and waw are identical).

COLUMN

52 (2 SAM. 22:24-23:17)

259

52,6 22:32-34 B DboC2 D e2 18:32-34 L

In"

ml:m~:J

',:1, m\Vo ':J'1 0'011 111" ",:1, '11" "'1

,m '11'"m 111U ,m 111U ,m ,m ,m

,)) 'l10))0 "N:J ,)) 'l10))' ,'N:J ,'N:J

m\vOil

'l'TNO 'Nil um"N '11,n um,N '1,)):m 'n))o 'jnnOil 'l'TNOil 'l'TNOil um,N 'l'TNOil 'l'TNOil

"111m '))"T il\V,m 11\VP il11m, ilon,o, '1' 10'0 'l10))' mm:J po m))'T 11m, 'l1'0))' '110:J po 11m, 'l10))0 11m:Jil po 11n' N" 10'Oil 11m:Jil po m))"T 'l1'0))' mO:J po 111" 'l1'O))0 11m:Jil

52,7 22:34-36 B D 18:34-36 L

LXX Luc : n~p nn' N" refers to Hannah's song 1 Sam. 2:4: tJ'nn O"ll n~p. 52,8 22:36-38 B D bc2e 2

'l'N illl"N ',~,p nvo N'" 'lnnnN~' "v~ l,"'n

* *

DO 18:36-38 L

'll,n 1n'TV' 1V~'

N~ ~nnn

'l"N

'll1nn 'll1nn 'll1nn

'l1n mnn N"

~"'N "v~

mn'

'l1nn 'll1nn

1ru~ "V~l

ln10l l,",m l,",m

* *

* *

1ruV'

'V~'

*

'V~'

* * *

'V~' 'V~,

*1 LXXLuc : 'l'::>' 1,t"m 'l,Vtm 1l'0" 'l'l'il nuv, (LXXb': 'll,n, 'l'::>il) Psalms MT: 'll,n 1nuv, 'l'v~n 1l'O" Psalms LXX: :'l,o,n 'l 1,~,m n~l' 'l'::>' 1,~,m 'l'v~n 1l'O''*2 LXXLuc + tJ"~il 'lnnn ,'OV N" 'l'N" O"'V~ In smallIetters above the line beginning at the yod in "V~ is 'll1nnN", from which LXX Luc shifted N' one line upward to create nn' N" (see to line 7). See to 111,26 and 36B,11 for similar cases of gloss migration between lines. LXX and MT accepted LXXLuc,s deletion OfN' and the creation of "beneath me" out of "and you didn't break me" while 4QSama (cf. LXXX) joined 'll1nn to the string ofverbs addressing God - cf. Hannah's song 1 Sam. 2:10: 'l"O mn' i11il'. The text between the middle of line 7 and the middle of line 8 is the clause "V~N l,",m 'l1~p nn' N" "My bow is not broken and you broaden my shield" expanded through the addition of lexical-didactic gloss material: e.g. po is synonym for "shield", 'l'v~n and "V~ explain i11V~N and 1n'TV is synonym of "v~. See to 36B,9 where 2 Sam. 6:13 has nv~ for 1 Chron. 15:26: 'TVl. For i11V~N "shield" see to 37,36-37 and 2 Sam. 1:10: "And I took i11V~N which was on his arm". The image is ofthe triumphant David, in the garb of an Amalekite messenger, tramping on the fallen Saul, the symbol ofwhose power is i11V~N "shield, marching". The triumphant, gruesome trodding on the enemy is vivified through the expansions "broad steps" and "not wavering". "~'i' abbreviates " "N\!) v,::> "Saul collapsed before me", which refers to the fact ofhis death - cf. Is. 46:2: "n' ,v,::> '~'i' and Judges 5:27: 'lll v,::> il"l' 1'l- and paraphrases 2 Sam. 1:7, recounting the death:

260

CHAPTER TWO

"N "N'IV NJ.,iZ." ",nN 1!)" "And he tumed around, and Saul called to me".

LXX Luc marked "~'i' with the addition: OAIYOTllTES" E~EOT1l0aV IlE Kat OUX UTTEOT1l0av IlE 01 UTTEvaVTI01, which brings 0'1V~ "steps" into connection with O"V~ OAIYOTllTES" "youths" (both David and the Amalekite were young) and O"~ UTTEvaVTIOI "enemies". The Amalekite youth stood on Saul to kill him. "l' nnn "!)' 1m,i" N' o~nON Dm" 1V J''lVN N'" 01'O'lVN' "!)" N" o~nON' O"N' on" N" "!)" N" o~nON' O"N "!)" N" O"N' N' O'i' "" N" N" Ol''lVN' O'i' "" N" Ol''lVN'

52,9 22:38-39 B D 18:38-39 L

'Nl\VY.l I)'V " nnn 'J'N' 'mnn

52,10 22:40-41 B D boC2 D e2 18:40-41 L

'Y.lp

,m 'l,tNm

v,:m, nY.ln'Y.l' V~~n

~'tn,

V',~n

1lm 1lm nnm

'Nl\VY.ll 'Nl\VY.ll

'Y.lp,

mnn

,,~,

'l,tNn

OY.ln'n'

,,~,

'l,tNn

V',~n

,~ V"~Y.l

LXXe2 : UTTEvaVTIOUS"

,V '!)V'

52,11 22:41-43 B D boC2

-

or.m'n'

Kat ETTaVIOTaIlEVOUS"

0i'n'IVN' O)V N" inil"N

V''lVm

'V''IV' on'O~N 'V'IV' on'O~N'

l'N'

i11TV

De2

on'on,

O~!)N'

on'O~N

O~!)N'

on'O~N

V''lVmn

L (18:41-43)

n'o~n

LXX Luc : O~!)N' is taken from verse 15 where O~'!)" renders Kat 01 EOKOPTTlOEV aUTOUS". The literal sense "and I scatter them" (root l"!)) hides the sense required by the context: "and I smash them" (root l'!))). 52,12 22:43-44 B D C2

De2 Db DO D b'

18:43-44 L

'lY.l\Vn Ov 'J',Y.l 'l'J'!lm OVP'N m~m 'l'Y.l\Vn 'Y.lV OP1N 0P'N 'l'Y.llVn O'l'JV :l"l'J opn\VN m~mn "N' 'J,Y.l 'J,l'J "'!lN' opn\VN m~mn

\vN"

"N' "N' "N' "N' 'lY.l'\Vn

'J,Y.l

opn\VN

'J,Y.l

opn\VN

'J,l'J

opn\VN

"',,~, "'''~

mN l"N

U'U~

m, m,

'l!l

'l!lY.l

nm"

'\vN

m,

mn"

m~mn

'l"'!ln - OP"N 'l"'!ln opn\VN

"'''~ "'''~

m, m,

For LXX Luc : AEaVW in place of OVi"N see Jer. 49: 19 (repeated at 50:44): i"'VO U~"N V'l'N " 1n'N nu 'N l'1m l'NlO n,v' n'1N' = LXX 29: 19 (edition Rahlfs 30:13; repeated at 27:44): 100U ws" AEWV avaß1l0ETat EK IlEOOU TOU lopoavou EIS" TOTTOV at8all OTI TaXU EKOIW~W aUTOUS" alT

COLUMN

52 (2

SAM.

22:24-23:17)

261

aUTT}S'. He confused "eavw "grind" with "EWV "lion" and OP'N/ov('):m·~ with O"N i.e.l1". See to 35,16 and 49,4. VO\V,

'l1lV mV1' N' tlV tl))ll

52,13 22:44-46 B

1'l' ':Jl 'll " l))O\v' 1TN

Do c2e2

'llV\v'

1V\v'

" 1\Vmn' " VO\V' 1TN VO\V,

Db 18:44-46 L

'l1V\v'

1V\v'

mV10\v " 1\Vmn' " VO\V' 1TN VO\V,

vm\V, " 1\Vmrl' ':Jl 'll

'l1lV'

tl'll

1\Vn:J'

':Jl 'll " 1VO\v' 1TN VO\V, '1l1lV'

tl'll

1\Vn:J' -

':Jl 'll"

" 1\Vmrp ':Jl 'll

VO\V'

To LXXLuc : E!JaTalw8T}oav (,V~' above) cf. Ex. 5:9: 'P~ ',J,J 'V~' "N' and the next verb: 'l'V~' (EOwoav !JE), which is LXXLuc,s answer to LXX: aTTopplOO

-

m,t>1Y.lill° "N:I' "N:I' Dil'm':lt>oo ':I,n', Dm"t>oo "m' "N~'

,,~,

,,~,

"~,

Dm'~t>oo

1::>,:1.,

'il'N

Cf. Acts 3:7-8 on the healing ofthe larne man (Syr. N"lM) in front ofthe temple: TTapaXPT}!Ja OE EOTEpEw8T}oav al ßaOEIS' aUTou Kai Ta o "N ov 'J1'l P N"'::> l"NO N\v'::> '''00 mlO J1'lV N\v' Nm 'lV N\v' '"00" '"0::> ,., 0\v O.,'V .,,,, 'v\v' .,,::> '::> il,m\V, 'J1N V'\v'il" 1m ""l il"'V .,,, .,::> il'O\v' - "::>l il"O\v il10\v, il::>'V ,., V'\v'il" - N"'V\V' ,., V'\V' il" il'O\v' N"'V\V' To LXXLuc : 'v\v' (yod=resh cf. 14,2) = TO aVTI8nov 1-101 see Job 32:3: aVTI8na Icuß Kai e8evTo aUTOV elVaI aoeßll =

52,24 23:5-7 B

V:P

DC2e2 DO Db

)In,'

\!)'N' mi" 1':1 N,"

:1il" 1m

lNP J1N 'V'\V'" illVO. n')'J~' N1, " )I!)n N,

)I'i" 'V":11

Oil" N, )In,' il,,'

'V":1il

Oil" " l:J'

1m lil?' 1rpm

O')'J\!) 1m :1il?' 1rpm "

1m lil" 1rpm

COLUMN

-

52 (2

O,")'J~il

?,

O,")'J~

?,

O,")'J~il "

SAM.

22:24-23:17)

263

52,25 B (23:7) D b'oC2 e 2

I1:1\V:1 H,,\V' I)"\V \vN:1' I1'ln yl" 'T':1 N,n' tlil:1 N,m tlI1\V:1 1O\V" I)'\V' tlI1\V:1:1 tl'!)"\V \VN:1 ,:n tll'" N' tlN

Db*

1n\V:1:1

tl'!),,\V \VN:1 " , tll'"

N' tlN

,,,,

52,26 23:8

I1:1\V:1 :1\V' " " , '\vN tl":1lil

'\VN' mn\V il'N

B

I1\V:1' 'l':1\V'N

\VN'

'l':1\V'N

\vN'

D b'

Dbc2e2 DO 11: 10-11

tl":1l

'l':1\V'N

il'N'

N:1~

F Ob

tll':1\V' i11:1\V' 'l':1\V'N

-

il'N' il'N' il'N'

Oe2

tll':1\V'

-

il'N'

307-308

":1\V' mn\V, tl'\V,\V tl":1l "n,

Pil

1 Chron. 11: 10-11 adds after "",: ,,',nil' 'N'\v' " tll' ,m"n:1 1Ol' tl'i'TnI1nil " " , '\vN tl":1li1 ,!)"n il'N' 'N'\v' mil' ,:1" (LXXb has tl,'m:1 for ""nil'). See above page 258. The unusual textbreak - doubly indicated through linecut and indentation - is the second of the column. See the plate at lines 17-18.

,V

52,27 23:8

"'V

"n rmm '.V''.V ,V U1'ln nN N'il O''.V'''.Vil '.VN' 'lm:m 1l mn'.V U~Vil - U'1V ''.V''.Vil 'mnn mn'.V U1'ln nN ,,'V Nlil 'll~Vil - l'1"V ''.V''.Vil 'll'il v'.Vn 'm,n Oil'" v'.Vn 'm,n nnN OV!) 'm,n 'l,n t)''.V mn,n v'.Vn V'.Vn 'm,n mNn V'.Vn ,V '.VN' il'n,n 1l l" Nlil

,m

B D boC 2

De2 F(ll:ll) Ob Oe2

,,'V

""

,,'V

,m

308 52,28 23:8-9 B

tl":1lil il\v"\v:1 N'il 'nmNil "" tl":1l il\v'\v:1 ,"nN 1:1 ", '\vN '\v, \V 1:1

DOC2

-

ÖOUÖEI

Dbe2

-

ÖOUAEI

Db' F(ll:11-12) Oe2

-

'lm'Nil ":1l

Ob '\vN

308

"" ""

1:1 'Tl"N

ÖOUAEI

",nN' I1nN tll'!):1 "nN' ,nN

llV'N

tlil',nN'

ÖWÖCXI ÖWÖCXI ÖWÖCU

tlil',nN'

öwöElou1:1 'Tl"N p,nN

LXX Luc : "" is TTaTpaoEAepou aUTOU "his uncle". For LXX: EAEavav see to 49,4.

264

CHAPTER TWO

"V', nr.m'o' tJ\!) 'llt)~l

52,29 23:9-11 B

j?V~"

tJ n n\!)'lli11 tJ'o, t)ll:l " " tJV n'i1 ~m tJ'n\!)'ll:l tJll,n:l " , tJ'n\!)'ll:l 'll,n:l'

Doc2e2

'llt)~l

tJ\!)

EVaEppaV

Db

'llt)~l

tJ\!)

EV OEppaJ.l

tJ'n\!)'lli11

11 :13 F

EV 4>aaoöo~TJ

Gb

EV TOIS' OEppav

Ge2

EV OEppa

308-309

'llt)~l tJ'n\!)'lli11 EV Epaaa~w 1,on tJV n'i1

't)l"

LXX: j?V~"

= Kat

aVEßOTJOEV, while MT, LXX Luc : "V"

LXX b at Chronic1es:

EV TOIS' OEppav

= Kai

aVEßTJOav.

abbreviates l"V\!):l, i.e. tJ"'V\!):l "in the

barley" because the field was "fuH of barley" - see next line, while LXXe2 Chron. has EV oeppa, n'\!):l i.e. i11\!):l "in the field" or n'V\!):l "in a storm" - cf. 2 Kings 2:11. For tJ, i11\!):l cf. aypoS' aq.laTOS' "field ofblood" (Mat. 27:8). The Chronic1es three-line haplography (see above page 258) begins with the last word in the line. ", j?:l,m ",

52,30 23:9-10 D bc2e2

nVl' ':J 'V tJnn\!)'ll:l 1"

Oj? ~,n

~'i11 tJn'lll' tJ'\!)l~

DO

~'i11 tJn'lll' tJ'\!)l~

':J 'V onn\!)'ll:l 1" tJj? ~,n '~'\!)' \!)'~

309

", nj?:l'

52,31 B (23:10)

p,n~ ,:l\!)' OVi11 ~,nn tJP:l n"'l

i11n'

\!)V', :l,nn ,~

'V

:l\!) p,n~ ,ll"', ,:l,\!)', Plll' O'n\!)'lln ,llll ':J '~'\!)' \!)'~ ~'" :l,nn ,~

309

To Josephus: KaTaßavTaS' 52,32 23: 10-11 B Ob

'nm tJ\!) tJ\!) tJ\!) O\!)

OC2

tJ\!)

De2

tJ\!)

11 :13 F G 309-310

nv,\!)n

:l\!)'

o

0°

'~'\!)' \!)'~

tJ'n\!)'ll:l

= ,:l,\!)',

see Marcus VII-VIII, 169 note g.

ilm, onn\!)'ll 'llt)~" tJ'n\!)'ll tJ'n\!)'lln

'V m, 'V tJ'n\!)'lln m, 'V m, 'V 'n,

m, tJ'j?Y.):l O'n\!)'ll 'llt)~"

~l~ 1:l ily')\!) "n~, "\!)ll' 1~

"'il

m,,~n ~t)~

m'Nn

tAa

m,~n

TlAA TlAa TlAa

m,~n

'n,~n

n'Y.)\!) t)'Y.)\!)

,~ ,~

t)'Y.)\!)

,~

t)'0\!)

,~

TlAOU 1:1 t)':l\!) '\!)"\!)i11 "\!)ll'

LXX Luc understood ~l~ in line middle as extension of the anomalous 1~ beginning the line and changed them to ,~ and ~,~. EIS' in LXX Luc : EIS' TO OKUAEUE I v doesn't translate ,~, which is rrpoS', but rather marks the untranslated ,~. The Chronic1es three-line haplography (see above to line 29) ends with the conc1uding word of the line.

COLUMN

52 (2 SAM. 22:24-23: 17)

265

1lnl l~'n"

tl"Tl\v7!l 'l!lY.l 'Ol tlvm tl'1'V\V nN7Y.l i11\Vn Tlp7n tl'Tl\v7!l Ol tl'\V,V Ol tl'\V,V i11\V tl'n\V7!ln tl'\V,V tl'n\V7!l 'l~'n" Ol tl'n\V7!ln Ol tl'\V,v

52,33 23: 11-12 B

D 11:l3-14 F G 310 52,34 23:12-l3 B D 11: 14-15 F G 310

l~'n" tl'Tl\V'7!l 'l!lY.l 'OP' tl"1lvn 'N'"

"1"

n7"l

N,nn tll'l

nV'\vTl mn' V\V', \vv', \Vv', \Vv', V\Vl" \Vv', \Vv',

1'" 7N '::Iil 7V

tJl'n\!)7ll mntJ' 071V mVtJ

52,35 23:13 B

mn

0'n\!)7ll n'm

7N

1"

DC2 De2

"::Iil

-

-

'Nl"

un 0'n\!)7llil n,",

"::Iil

-

-

'Nl"

un 0'n\!)7llil n,", OV71V

"::Iil

-

-

'Nl"

0'n\!)7ll

mn

52,36 23:13-15 B

mNTl"

tln7 Tl'l

um',

tln7Tl'll tln7Tlll Tl'll tln7Tl'll tln7Tlll

11: 15-17 F Ob

0'\!)7\!)iltJ - 0'\!)7\!)

p1 i' - "", -

mn 0'n\!)7llil n,",

11: 15 F G 311-312

D

\!)N' 0'\!)'7\!)il)tJ il\!)'7\!)

,'::Ii' 7N 'Nl"

um 0'n\!)7llil n,",

Dbo

tl"Tl\v7!l TlN 1" n7'~" np7nn tl'n\V7!l tl'n\V7!ln tl'Tl\v7!ln tl'Tl\v7!l "" m7'~" tl'Tl\v7!ln tl'Tl\v7!ln 'Ol 1Tl'i1' tl",

7N

0'n\!)7llil

O'\!)N'

OV71V

mn 0'n\!)7llil

m'::ItJil 7V "1 7V"

O'l"Nil mntJ'

TN

tl"Tl\v7!l l~Y.ll i11'~Y.ll TN "", tl'N!l1 PY.lVl tl'Tl\v7!l tl"Tl\v7!ln paaEIIJ tl'N!l1n l'~l' tl'Tl\v7!l l'~l' tl'n\V7!ln l'~l' tl'N!l1n tl'N!l1n tl'n\V7!ln l'~l'

""

tln7Tlll '\vN tl'Tl\v7l:ln l'~l'

Oe2

1Y.lN"

312 52,37 23:15-16

tln7Tl'l

Tl\V7\V 'VPl"

B D

'~1!l"

11 : 17-18 F G 312-3l3

n\V7\Vn n\V7\Vn n\V7\Vn

'V

1V\Vl '\vN

tl'N!l1n n"l

tln7 Tl'l

1\VN

PY.lVl

1'lY.l tl'Y.l 'l~' 'Y.l 1Y.lN" "" 1NlY.l tln7Tl'll 1\VN 1Nln lY.l tln7Tlll 1\VN 1Nln lY.l tln7Tll tln7Tll

",

-

1Nln lY.l 1Nln lY.l

1v\Vn " 7V 1\VN 1'lnlY.l tl'Y.l 'lP\V' 'Y.l l'1ln7 " , LXX and LXXLuc Samuel add after 1V\vl: tln7Tlll/tln7Tl'll TN tl'n\V7!ln l'~ll.

266

CHAPTER TWO

Tl\V7\V

'~'1"

tJ'O ':1N\v" tJ"n\V"!l illnOl tJ"lln ":10 tJ'n\V"!l 'N:10 tJm\V"!lil tJn"n':1l '\vN 'N:1il 10 tJm\V"!lil tJn"n:1l '\vN 'N:1il 10 tJm\V"!l tJm\V"!lil illno nN tJn"rPll '\vN 'Nlil 10 tJn"nl 'N:1il10 tJ'O 'lN\v" tJn"n:1 il"Nil tJ"llil

52,38 23:16 B D 11: 18 F G 313

1V\V:1 '\vN tJn" n':1

52,39 23:16-17 B D

il"'''n 'ON" mil'" tJnN

'0"

tJmn\V2

illN' " " "N 'Nl" 'N\v" illN N'" ,,, illN N'" "" il:1N N'" "" il:1N N'"

DO 11: 18-19 '0)" F G 313-314 tJ'il"N" tJ'o', iln\V N'" tJ'Oil Cf. Mat. 27:35: mn\V" illN N'" tJvu',-

"" il:1N N'"

" " illN N'" "" il:1N N'"

nN ,"Oil np', ,"Oil "N 'Nl"

Column 54 (2 Sam. 24:16-20) Herbert, 272, Plate XLII, number 3 The parallel is 1 Chron. 21: 15-21. The seroll' s final eolumn has extremely long lines. 54,1 24:16-17 B D D e2*

mol "" N~" 'tnJm 'Ol'il

P'N

21:15-16 F

54,2 24:17 B F 21:16 F G 327

,my il'il

il1i1'

,N"r.l1

11' t)'il ilny

tJm7Nil

ilny

tJ'il7Nil

ilny

J, tJYJ

11' t)'il 11' t)'il

,oy -

l1lJ l'lJ l'lJ -

b'

G Gbe2 327

Nl'N l'l tJy m"Nil

- '7 -

'7

nN ,70il N\V" ilN'''l "" "'J il!:!17\V 'J,m tJ'O\vil )'J, ,,'Nil 1'J ,o,y i11il' ,N70 nN N'" 1'l'y

il""l

-

il""l il'1Ul -

tJ'O\Vi11 il!:!1'\V 'J,m tJ'O\VJ

t)m, i11il' ,N"O nN N'" Pl'y

COLUMN

54 (2 SAM. 24:16-20)

267

54,3 24:17 B

o

21: 16-17 F Ge2 G b' Gb 327

U1N'l mi1' 'N "" 'ON" O'P~l O'Nlnno on'l!:! ,V O'lprm "" "!:!" O"\V'" ",

N,n om'Nn N, om,Nn N, om,Nn N' om,Nn N' o'n'Nn 'l' nm' 'N ", 'ON"

'v

Di")!) 7V D'i'\Vl D''''O Di")!) 7V D'i'\Vl D''''O O'\v",l Di")!) 7V D'i'\V D''''O Di")!) 7V D'i'\V D''''O O'lpm - "!:!" Di")!) 7V D'i'\V D''''O O'lpm - "!:!" ml'N l:J\v" p\V "on \vl'"

The assumption is that Brooke/McLean erred at the apparatus to 1 Chron. 21:16; for "om oauElo 2° b" read om oaUElo Kai b.

54,4 24:17 B

o

21:17

F G 328 54 ,5 24: 17-18 B

o

no lN~n n,N' mv,n nv,n ':JlN' mNun ':JlN mn 'ON" OVl mon ,N,on nN m'wn n:Jo m',vn n:Jo mw,n v,m '\vN Nm 'lN' OVl nuo, m'ON 'lN '\!)N Nm 'lN' OVl mm, m'ON 'lN v,m '\vN Nm 'lN' OVl nuo, m'ON 'lN 'lN nv,n 'pln 1N~n n'N' mn'" 0i'n

iI"V

Oi'm

'W}

'iln Nl

,.,

Nl

nJmoi'm

21:17-18

nJm O'i'iI" 1"1 iI"V":l

1"1" 10N" 1l "N 10N mil' 1N"0'

iI!llO" N" 10VJ'

Nl

'iI"N mn'

nJm O'i'iI"

iI"V' ':l 1"1 "N 10N" 1l" 10N il1iI' 1N"01 mil' 1JN" 10VJ N'"

om'NiI mil'

Gb'

nJm O'i'iI"

iI"V' ':l 1"1 "N 10N" 1l" 10N mil' 1N"01

1JN" 10VJ N'"

om"NiI mil' ilW}

Gb

nJto O'i'iI"

iI"V' ':l 1J1 "N 10N" 1l" 10N il1iI' 1N"01

1JN" 10VJ N'"

om"NiI mil' ilW}

n:lm O'i'iI';1

n';1v' ':l 1"1 "N

1JN';11Y.lV:I N'"

o'n';1Nil mn' ilW}

F

Ge2 328-329

54,6 24: 18-20 B

nJm Oi'iI

iI"V

N'" Nl'N tJp\V', mn' nn'N

Do c2e2

n'l'N ll'N :1\v"

Ob 21:18-20 F G

Gb 329-330

268

10N" N1iIiI O"J 1"1 "N 1l N'J" 'JN n'JJ' 'J " ,

,.,

:1\v" :1\v"

:1\!)"

N'" Nl'N tJi'\!)"

CHAPTER TWO

1l';1 1Y.lN mn' lN';101 10N"

1"1 "N 1l N'J" 'JN n'JJ' 'J " ,

'iln

'\vN:J N'lln 'l 'l':J "" 'V" '''lm NnN l'll nlTl'J n'l'N " 'mlm nm', '\vN ''''l'n mn', '\!)N ''''lm D\!):1 ,:1, '\!)N mn" ll'N mn', O\!):1 'l' '\!)N '''':1'n O\V:1 ,:1, '\!)N mn', '''':1m ,:1, O\!):1 ,:1, '\!)N mn" '''':1m ,m~ '\!)N '''':1m Nl'N l'l:1 om'N' D'i'0n 'N m~

,V',

"1' N1l'1 tJ'"n \V,

54,7 24:20 B F 21 :20-21 F

Nl'N1 tJ'i'\vl tJ'O;,r.11 tJ'NlnTlO

1I:lV 1'll TlVl'N1 ,N'mn TlN "'V tJ"lV "'lV TlN1 ,'mn TlN ,,'V tJ"lV "'lV TlN1 ,'mn TlN ,,'V tJ"lV "'lV TlN1 "on TlN

P'N1 "on

~EeaxaßElv

Ge2

"on

Gb' 11'

Gb

tJ'"n \V,

330 54,8 24:20 B D 21 :21 F G

Gb 330

lr.l -

Nl'N

N~l"

tJ';"n

"on

tJ';"n

"on

Nl'N1

"on TlN

tJ'Nl tl'j7U>l D't>:m D'lj7Tm 1"1 nN N'" Nl'N tll" Nl'N 1V

;U"N

P'N

P'N -

N~' Nl'N' -

~N~ ~N

'l1

~N

l"'"

COLUMN

54 (2 SAM. 24:16-20)

269

3. EXPLANATION OF CHANGES VIs-A-VIS FINCKE (RQ 76)

"4QSam a Cols. I-IV" (see Fineke in Bibliography) offered a preliminary restoration of eolumn I-IV, whose extensive fragmentary evidenee in PAM 43.122 leaves no doubt that eolumns two and three in their top halves eontain letters and line spaeing about 50% sm aller than those ofthe rest ofthe seroI!. The phenomenon is dramatically doeumented in the sm all fragment at the bottom left in PAM 40.984 (the fragment is also visible in smaller seale at 43.122), where the tet in the seeond line is about 50% larger than the tet in the line just above. Further proof ofthe phenomenon is the abbreviated spelling 'lJN7 at III, 10, in an area where the the writing is smalI, for ,mN7 everywhere else in the sero 11 - see to III,I 0 for the evidenee, and eompare the words "", 1m:> and tl'm7N, whieh are also eonsistently writtten full. In RQ 76 eolumn IV was restored under the assumption that its top half was in the same format as ther top halves of eolumns II-III, and the Biblical text was thus smootlhly assimilated into the spaee available. But a reexamination ofthe fragmentary evidenee for the top ofthe eolumn - PAM 43.122 bottom left - eontradiets that view; and a new restoration ofthe eolumn top is offered here. Furthermore, the apparatus to eolumns I-V has been expanded to incIude all variants from the Lueianie group, and errors emanating from the more limited perspeetive have been eorreeted. 11,28-31 has been reconstructed on the basis of Jer. 9:22-23, which LXX inserted at this spot in the text of Samuel; and further ehanges have been made, mostly referenees to the rest ofthe scroll, which was reworked during the year interval between completion of and appearanee of the articIe. The restoration of cols. I-III was a two-pronged endeavor involving eareful measurement of line differentials, a task hampered by breaks and damage to the serolI, but aided by the guidelines (still visible at the bottom ofl-II and the middle of III-IV) from which the seribe hung his letters, and trial and error reeonstrueting to aehieve the most plausible solution for the space available under the assumption that the the eolumns were of equal length. The solution came surprisingly fast, and the line allocation is summarized in the following table, whose key is asfollows: A number underlined is a measurement from guideline to guideline; a number in italics is a measurement from the top of one line of writing to the top of the next; the remaining measurements - in small font - are estimated. When two intervals are measured together, the result is given at the spot for the first, and the spot for the second is left blank beneath it. At 1,21-23 the measurement was aehieved from a guideline to the top ofwriting two lines below. For columns 11 and III dimensions of final mems are given to demonstrate the eorrelation between letter size and interval between lines. These appear next to the line interval figure in the format height x width in mm. The number of lines in eolumn IV and the length ofthe eolumn are uncertain - see under to IV,33 - and the figures in the table pertain to the first 36 Iines alone. The 5/5.5 figures at several points at the bottom of column IV reflect measurements aehieved from the parallel spot in eolumn 111. The column-Iength figure at eolumn III can be brought into line with that of eolumn 11, i.e. 21.07 em, through the adjustment of line intervals for lines 1-18 to a uniform 5mm eaeh based on the fact that the Iines in the upper half of 111 are extensions of those in 11, where the measurement was more accurate.

Line interval

Column I

Column 11

Column III

Column IV

1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 24-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 29-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 34-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 39-40 40-41

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

5.2 5.2 5 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5 5 5 4.5 5.2 4.8 5

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

+ height of last line Column length

5.5 11

5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

2.2 20.97

3.5x2.5

10

5 5 10 5 5 5 5 5 5

3.3x2.7

3.1x2.5

3.9x3

5.5 2.2 21.07

3.3x2.5 3.2x2.5 3.2x2.5

6

2 2 2 2 2 2

4.3x3.2

6

2 3.9x2.9

6 6

5

5.5

5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

3.6x2.9

6

5.5

5.5 5.5 5.5

3x2.6

6

5 5.5

5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

3.5x2.2

4.2x3

6 6

5.5 6 6

4.2x2.8

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

6 6 5 6 6 5.5 6 6 5.5 5.5 6

5.5 5.5 6

2.2 21.23

2.2 20.97

EXPLANATION OF CHANGES

271

4. 4QSAM A TEXT DIVISIONS

Herbert, 85 lists forty locations in 4QSama where a text division occurs "with almost complete certainty" (note 12), ten places where they are "probable" (note 13),28 "almost certain" (note 14) and two more "probable" (ibid.). His list is highly inflated - it often contradicts both the evidence and his own restorations (see below) - and the true number of identifiable breaks is not 81 but rather 43, with 29 ofthem occurring at places where MT also breaks. Further, there are 32 places where 4QSama ignores an MT text break, thus yielding an agreement percentage of about 36%. A fulliisting of Samuel text divisions appears after the following explanations: 1) "MT" indicates Codex Leningrad, now available in The Leningrad Codex: A Facsimile Edition, ed. D.N. Freedman, Grand Rapids, 1998. 2) "LXX" indicates Codex Vaticanus, op. cit. page 1. 3) "P" abbreviates "petucha", which is in MT a line break with resumption of the text at the beginning of the next line. If the line to be broken has reached the left margin, the next line is left blank. In LXX, "petucha" is essentially the same; but, since LXX uses only one style of text break at a given time, it never introduces blank lines. If the text to be interrupted has reached the right margin, the petucha is accentuated, or signaled solely by a protruded letter in the next line - i.e. the first letter of the resumed text after the line break (almost always the k in kai) is jutted about 80% of a letter width into the left margin. After 1 Sam. 19: 11 there is only one more petucha, at 1 Sam. 24: 17, and it is one without a line break. "S" abbreviates "setuma", which in MT is a small gap within a line. 4) If the gap occurs toward the left margin, another gap appears at the beginning of the next line. In LXX, "setuma" is simply a small gap between letters of the running text. 5) "M" abbreviates "margin", which in LXX indicates the presence of a jutted k as described above in §3 without a previous line break. The ßistinction between a properly jutted k and one that only incidentally intrudes into the margin is sometimes difficult. At 1 Sam. 15: 8 and 17: 10 the scribe forget to jut the k after the line break. 6) In LXX only scribal text divisions have been regarded. Chapter numbers, dots and other marks that have been, or could have been, added by a second hand are ignored. 7) In LXX 2 Sam. 2: 10b-13a is lost due to a cut in the manuscript. 1 Sam. 17:12-31 and 17:55-18:5 do not exist in the LXX version of Samuel. Between 1 and 2 Samuel LXX accentuates the setuma with a page break. In chapter 4 of 1 Samuel, the verse numbers in the Koren MT are one lower than in the other editions - e.g. 24:3 here is 24:2 in Koren. 8) CoIumn one gives the verse before which the break occurs. CoIumns 2 and 3 indicate the nature of the break in MT and LXX. CoIumn 4 gives the Iocation where the break occurs - or should occur - in 4QSama . After column 11 the column numbers are italicized to indicate that they are the approximations appearing in Herbert's index, 206-213. Columns

36A, 36B and 36C are the solution to Herbert's failed attempt to restore 36 as one column. Column 5 gives the evidence guiding the determination ofthe presence or absence ofthe text break in 4QSama . If the line number in this column differs from that in column 4, it is due to the fact that, where possible, the number in column 5 points to the exact place in the fragment cited where the gap or nongap occurs, while in column 4 the number is that ofthe line ofthe resumed text. "YES" means that the text break is certain, "NO" that the break certainly doesn't exist. Ifthe determination represents a correction ofHerbert's lists, it is underlined. "Restored no" and "Restored yes" without accompanying plate numbers refer to determinations reached in the course of restoring large blocks devoid of fragmentary evidence. Where "restored" follows a plate number and line number, it means that while the gap or nongap is not visible in the picture, it is fairly certain. "Restored as omitted" (see at 2 Sam. 2:10 and 5:4) me ans that Herbert posited a text break in a place where an abbreviated text better solves the problem of restoration. Line numbers are not those in the margins of Herbert plates but rather relate solely to the fragment cited. Where 1 Chronicles paralleis 2 Samuel- or expands it as in 36A to 36Ccolumns 6-8 give the verse, the MT break and the LXX break.

4QSAM A TEXT DIVISIONS

273

Verse 1:9 1: 12 1: 19 2:1 2: 11 2:11b 2:18 2:22 2:22b 2:26 2:27 3: 1 3:2 3:4 3:6 3:11 3:19 4:1 4:4 4: 11 4:18 5: 1 5:6 5:9 6:1 6:15 6:17 6:18 6:21 7:2 7:3 7:5 8: 1 8:4 8:7 8:10 8: 11 8:19 8:21 8:22 8:22b 9: 1 9:3 9:6 9:7 9:8 9:10 9:14b 9:15 9:21 9:22 9:26 10: 1 10:9 10: 10 10: 17 10:18b 10:22b

274

MT

LXX

Loc.

Evidence

P

1,15 1,22 1,32 2,16 2,33 2,34 3,7 3,13 3,14 3,21 3,22 3,39 4,2 4,4 4,5 4,12 4,21 4,24 4,33 5,5 5,14 5,22 5,30 5,37 6,7 6,30 6,33 6,35 7,2 7,5 7,7 7,10 7,31 7,33 7,36 8,1 8,3 8,11 8,13 8,14 8,15 8,16 8,18 8,23 8,26 8,27 8,30 8,37 8,38 9,7 9,9 9,14 9,17 9,28 9,29 9,38 9,38 10,5

Restored no YES PAM43.122 2nd fragment from top right line 3 Restored no YES PAM 43.122 large block right column line 16 Restored no YES PAM 43.122 3 rd fragment from top right last line YES PAM 43.122 large block middle column line ends at ;";" NO PAM 43.122 large block middle column line 13 NO PAM 43.122 large block middle column line 14 YES PAM 43.122 large block middle column line 20 NO PAM 43.122 large block middle column line 22 restored YES PAM 43.122 2nd fragment from bottom left gap at bottom NO PAM 43.122 bottom fragment left restored line 2 Restored no Restored no Restored no NO PAM 43.122 large block left column line2 Restored no Restored no NO PAM 43. 109 top fragment right line 5 restored Restored no Restored yes Restored yes YES PAM43.109 bottom fragment right line 3 YES PAM 43.109 big block line 6 Restored no NO PAM 43.109 middle fragment left restored NO PAM43.109 middle fragment left restored NO PAM 43.107 top fragment right line 2 restored Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored yes Restored no Restored no Restored no YES PAM 43.107 top middle line 2 restored NO PAM43.107 2nd fragment from top middle line 6 restored Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored yes Restored no Restored no YES PAM 43.107 3rd fragment middle lines 1-2 restored NO line 3 restored PAM43.107 3rd fragment middle Restored no Restored no Restored no NO Pam 43.107 top left line 7 restored Restored no Restored no Restored no NO PAM43.114 top middle line 3 restored NO PAM43.114 top middle line 4 restored YES PAM 43.114 top middle line 12 restored Restored no Restored no

M P P

P P

S M P

S S S P S P P P

P M M P

P P S S S S S S P S P P P P S S

M M M M P P P P P P P

P P

S S S

P P

P S P P S

p

P

--

CHAPTER FOUR

------------------

10:25 10:27 10:27b 11: I 11 :6 11:9b 11: 11 11: 12 11:13 11 :14 12: I 12:5 12:6 12:18 12:20 13: I 13:9 13: 11 13: 13 13: 15 13: 16b 13:19 13:22 14:1 14:6 14:8 14:12b 14: 16 14: 17 14: 18 14:19b 14:20 14:23b 14:25 14:36 14:36b 14:37b 14:38 14:40b 14:41 14:46 14:49 14:52 15: 1 15:2 15:4 15:8 15: 10 1511 b 15: 12 15:12b 15:13 15: 16 15: 17 15:20 15:24 15:26 15:27 15:30 15:32

P

P

S S P

P P P P P P P P

P

S S

10,8 10,10 10,11 10,15 10,25 10,35 10,38 11, I 11,2 11,4 11,8 11,15 1 1,17 11,36

Restored no YES PAM 43.114 big block middle line 3 gap in line YES PAM 43.114 big block middle line 4 NO PAM 43.114 big block middle above line 8 Restored no Restored no Restored no PAM 43.114 top left restored NO Restored no Restored no Restored yes Restored no Restored no bottom left line 1 NO PAM 43.114

14

YES

PAM 43.1 I I

15 15 15 15

NO NO NO

PAM 43.111 bottom right line I restored PAM 43.1 I 1 bottom right line 3 restored PAM 43.11 I bottom right line 5 restored PAM43.lll(+43.113 F5) bottom right line 8 restored

P

P

S

P P P

P P

S P

S S S P P

P P P P P

P P M

S P

S

S S S

S S S S P

S S S S S S

P P P P M P P

3 rd right

lines 3-4

P P P P M P P P P P P P P P

YES

4QSAM A TEXT DIVISIONS

275

15:33 15:34 16: 1 16:2b 16:4b 16:7 16: 12b 16:13b 16: 14 16: 15 16: 17 16: 18 16:20 16:22 17: 1 17: 10 17: II 17: 12 17: 15 17: 17 17:32 17:33 17:34 17:37b 17:39b 17:45 17:52 17:54 17:55 17:57 18:6 18:6b 18: 10 18: 14 18: 17 18: 18 18:20 18:23b 18:25 18:27 18:28 18:30 19: 1 19:4 19:8 19: 11 19: 14 19: 15 19: 18 20:1 20:5 20:9 20:10 20: 11 20:12 20:17 20:18 20:24 20:27 20:27b

276

S S P S P

P P P P P P P

S P

P

P P P P P P P P

P S P P P

S S

P M

S P P

S S P P

S P P S P

S S S S S P S P P P P S S S

P P P P P P P

P S

S S S S S

CHAPTER FOUR

20:30 20:32 20:34 20:35 2\:1 21 :2 21:6 21:10 21 :1I 22: 1 22:5 22:5b 22:6 22:9 22:12 22 :14 22: 18 23:2b 23:4 23 :4b 23 :6 23 :10 23: 11b 23:13 23:16 23:19 23 :24 23:29 24:3 24:7 24:9 24:10 24:17 24: 17b 25:1 25:1b 25:2 25 :9 25:32 25:36 25:39b 25 :44 26:8 26:10 26:15 26:21 26:22 26:25 27: 1 27:5 27:7 27:8 28: 1 28 :3 28:15 28:16 28:21 29: 1 29:4 29:6

S S S S P

S S

P S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S

S

S S S S S S P

M S S

S S

S S P P

S S S

24,1 24,9 24,12 24,14 24,25 24,25 24,35 24,36 24,37 25,7

Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no NO Pam 41.769 bottom fragment middle line 5 YES Pam 41.769 bottom fragment middle line 5 Restored yes Restored no Restored yes NO PAM 43.108 top 2 fragments right line 7 restored

26

YES

26

YES PAM 43.108

27

YES PAM43.108

bottom right

2 7 27

YES YES

top left top left

PAM 43.108(+43.113 A6)

4th from top middle line 2

S 2nd from bottom right

line 1

S lilie 1 restored

P P S P P P S S

S S S

S P S P S_ -~-

'----------

----

PAM 43 .108 PAM 43.108

line 8 line 13

-----~-

4QSAM A TEXT DIVISIONS

277

29:8 30:1 30:7 30: 13 30:22 30:23 30:25 30:26 30:29 31: 1 31:4b 31 :6 31:8 31: 11 1: 1 1: 13 1: 17 2: 1 2:5 2:8 2:10 2:12 2:14 2:25 3:2 3:6 3:12 3:14 3:21 3:21b 3:26 3:31 3:32 3:33 3:38 4: 1 4:2 4:4 4:9 5: 1 5:4 5:6 5: 11 5: 13 5:17 5:22 6:1 6:9

-

-

-

-

6:12b

278

S S S S S S S P S P

S

S P S S P S P P S

S P S S

S+ S S

S S S S S S

P

S

P P P

S

S S P P P S P P P

-

S

S

-

-

S

CHAPTERFOUR

30,2 30,6 30,9 30,15 30,17 30,21 30,25 30,31 31,11 31,17 31,33 31,39 32,7 32,10 32,11 32,14 32,31 33,7 33,12 33,22 33,26 33,35 33,38 34,5 34,13 34,15 34,16 34,24 34,27 34,29 34,32 34,39 35,9 35,12 35, 14 35,22 35,24 35,28 35,34 35,39 36A,12 36A,18 36A,20 36A,23 36A,24 36A,24 36A,25 36A,25 36A,26 36A,33 36A,35 36A,36 36B,7

Restored no PAM43.108 3rd left line 3 Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored yes YES Herbert, 249 line 5 ofblock Restored yes Restored yes Restored as omitted YES Herbert, 250 32A line 7 restored Restored as omitted NO Herbert, 250 middle block line 1 NO Herbert, 250 middle block line4 Restored no YES Herbert, 251 big block line 7 YES Herbert, 251 big block line 11 Restored yes Restored no Restored no Restored no YES Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 5 restored YES Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 12 YES Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 15 restored NO Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 16 restored NO Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 24 restored YES Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 26 YES Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 27 NO Herbert, 252 conglomerate line 32 Restored no YES Herbert, 253 top 2 fragments line 8 Restored as omitted NO Herbert, 253 middle line 1 restored YES Herbert, 253 smallIeft middle line 1 NO Herbert, 253 middle restored line 11 Restored no Restored no Restored no YES Herbert, 254 36A line 11 before 13: 12 Restored yes Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no

NO

10:1 10:4b 10:6 10:8 10: 11

P S S S S

3: 1

S

S

11: 1

P

P

11 :4

S P P

S S S S

-

14: 1 14:3 14:8 14: 13 13:5

-

-

P

N1"1

15: 1 15:3 15:6 15:7 15:8 15:9 15: 10 15: 11 15:16 15: 17 15:17b 15:25

S S S S S S S S P S

S S

S

6:13 6:17

-

-

-

-

-

7: 1 7:4 7:8b 7:18 7:25 7:25b 8:1 8:9 8: 15 9:1 10:1 10:4 10:6 10:7 10:9 10:11 10: 15 1O:17b Il:l 11:2 11 : 16 11:25 12: 1 12: II 12: 13 12:13b 12:15b 12:26 13 : 1 13 :23 13:28 13:31 13 :32 13:34 13:38 14: 1 14:5 14:8 14:10 14:12 14:13 14: 18 14:21 14:24 14:25 14:28 14:31 15 : 1 15:7 15:10 15:27 15:32 16:10 16: II

-

-

P S

S

S S

S

P S

S S S

P P

S

S

S P S S S P S S S P P P S S S P

S

S S S

S S S P S S S P S P S P P P

S

P P S S S S

36B,9 36B,14 36B,20 36B,25 36B,36 36C,1O 36C,26 36C,29 36C,35 37,9 37,18 3 7, 19 3 7,27 37,39+ 38,8 38,1 3 38,32 38,36 38,39 39,5 (39,6) 39,7 39,11 39, 13 39,18 39,20 40,1 40,13 40,18 40,35 40,38 40,39 41,2 41,16 41,25 42,12 42,18 42,24 42,25 42,29 42,34 42,36 43,2 43,8 43,10 43,13 43,14 43,15 43,22 43,26 43,27 43,32 43,36 44,1 44,11 44,15 45,2 45,8 45,28 45,30

15:26 S Restored no P Restored no 16: 1 Restored yes 16:5 P Restored yes 16:8 P 16:23 P Restored yes Restored yes 16:37 P 17: 1 P Restored yes Restored no 17:3 S Restored no 17:7b S 17:16 P Restored yes 37A line 3 NO Herbert,255 17:23 NO Herbert, 255 37 A restored 17:23b YES Herbert, 255 2nd left top line 18:1 P Restored no 18:9 P Restored no 18: 14 Restored yes Restored yes 19: 1 P Restored no 19:4 P NO Herbert, 256-257 restored 19:6 Restored no 19:8 P Restored as omitted 19:10 Restored no 19:12b S Restored no 19:16 P Restored no 19: 17b YES Herbert, 257 39B last line 20:1 P Restored no NO Herbert, 258 top line Restored no Restored yes Restored no Restored no Restored no NO Herbert, 259 top right line2 Restored no YES Herbert, 259 41B gap in middle YES Herbert, 260 large fragment left line 4 NO Herbert, 260 large fragment left line II YES Herbert, 260 large fragment right line 5 restored NO Herbert, 260 large fragment right line 7 YES Herbert, 260 large right last line (in column 42) restored NO Herbert, 260 bottom cluster line 4 restored NO Herbert, 260 bottom cluster 4 th line from bottom restored Restored no Restored no Restored 00 Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored 00 Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no Restored no YES Herbert, 262 bottom line Restored no YES Herbert, 263 top line Restored no Restored no Restored no

-

S

S S

- S

S S S

S

I

,

I

~~-

4QSAM A TEXT DIVISIONS

279

16: 13 16:13b 16: 14 16:20 17: 1 17:5 17:7 17: 14 17: 15 17:21 17:24 17:27 18:2b 18:4 18:18 18: 19 18:24 18:28b 18:32 19: 1 19:6 19:9 19:10 19: 12 19:19b 19:22 19:23 19:24 19:25 19:30 19:32 19:39 19:41 19:43 19:44 20:1 20:4 20:6 20:9 20:IOb 20:14b 20:20 20:23 21: 1 21:1b 21:6b 21: 15 21:18 21:19 21:20 22: 1 23:1 23:8 23:9 23:11 23: 13 23:18 23:20 23:23b 23:23c

280

S S P P S S S P S S S S S S S S

S

45,33 45,33 45,35

NO NO

47 47

NO NO

Herbert, 263 45D line 3 Herbert, 263 45D line 3 restored ends at Restored yes

'l1~tv,

S I

Herbert, 265 Herbert, 265

47C 47C

lines 2 (ending 3 - ( 'nm restored line 6 restored

I

I

S S S S S S S S

,

I

48 48 48

NO NO NO

49 49

NO

Herbert, 266 Herbert, 266 Herbert,266

48A 48A 48A

line 6 restored line 7 restored line 1t restored

S S S S P S S S S S S S S S S S P S S S S P P P S P P P S S S S S

-

I

Herbert, 267 line 2 restored YES Herbert, 267 49A line 3 restored

,

I

i

S

S

50

NO

50 50

NO YES

Herbert, 268

50B

51

YES

Herbert, 269

51C

Herbert, 268

50A

line 2 restored

I

line 4 restored

top line 20:4 P 20:5 S 20:6

S S S

S S

CHAPTER FOUR

52

YES

Herbert, 270

52B

line 15 11:10 P, 11:11 S 11: 12 11: 14 11: 15 11:20 11:22 S 11 :25b

-

-

S

-

23:24 23:25 23:26 23:26b 23:27 23 :27b 23 :28 23:28b 23:29 23 :29b 23:30 23:30b 23:31 23:31b 23:32 23:32b 23 :33 23:33b 23:34 23 :34b 23:34c 23:35 23:35b 23:36 23 :37 23 :37b 23 :38 23:39 24:1 24:3 24:10b 24: 11 b 24:14 24:15 24:16

-

24:17 24: 18 24:19 24:22 24 :23b 24:24 24:25

-

S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S P S

S

P S

S P

S S

S

-

-

54 54 54

NO NO NO

Herbert, 272 Herbert,272 Herbert, 272

line 3 line 5 restored line 6 restored

11:26 S 11 :27 S 11 :27b 11 :28 S 11 :28b 11 :29 S 11 :29b 11 :30 S 11 :30b 11 :31 S 11:31b S 11 :32 11 :32b S 11 :33 S 11 :33b 11 :34 S 11 :34b II :35 S 11 :35b II :36 S II :36b II :37 S II :37b 11 :38 S 11 :39 S 11 :39b 11:40 S 11 :41 S 21: 1 S S 21 :3 21 :8 P 21 :9 P 21: 13 P S 21 :14 S 21 : 15 S 21:16 S 21:17 21: 18 S 21:19 21:23 S 21 :23b 21 :24 S 21 :25 S 21 :27 P S

Additionally, Herbert lists six text divisions (all in 2 Sam.) which exist in neither MT nor LXX and which the 4QSama evidence either certainly or almost certainly contradicts: 1. "probable" before 11:18 (40,4) - see Herbert, 258 40A line 4 restored 2. "probable" before 15:31 (45,7) - see Herbert, 263 45A line 7 restored 3. "certain" before 16:2 (45, 20) - see Herbert, 263 45B line 3 (ends at margin)

4QSAM A TEXT DIVISIONS

281

4. 5.

"almost certain" before 18:9 (47) - see Herbert, 265 47C line 13 "almost certain" before 20:21 (50) - see Herbert, 268 50B, which begins at end of20:22! 6. "probable" before 23:7 (52) - see Herbert, 270 52B; 23:7 begins after the last line! In another three cases Herbert registers as "certain" (1 and 2) or "probable" (3) text divisions, which find support in MT but for which, as in 5 and 6 above, the 4QSama evidence is irrelevant: 1. before 21: 1b - see Herbert, 268 50B; lines 5-6 are unrestorable! 2. before 21 :6b - see Herbert, 268 50C; line 3 ends before 21 :6b! 3. before 24: 1 - see Herbert, 271 53 B; line 2 ends before 24: 1! The lists of divisions on page 85 don't correspond to Herbert's own restorations. The best example ofthe discrepancy is at 47C, which Herbert restored on page 171. None ofthe divisions which he listed on page 85 for the text covered by this cluster of fragments appears in his restoration ofthe block; and see, in addition to 4 above, the table at 18:2b, 18:4 and 18:9. Cf. Also the break listed before 19:10 with his unbroken restoration of 48A line 7 on page 174; the break listed before 20: 1Ob with the restoration of 50A line 2 on page 180; the break listed before 24: 17 with the restoration of 54A line 3 on page 194 (and here the fragment itse1f shows that there's no break!); the break listed before 24: 18 with the restoration of line 5 there; the break listed before 24: 19 with the restoration of line 6 there. At page 85, note 15 Herbert listed eight cases of line indentations in Samuel, all in 2 Samuel. Thus he ignored the two cases of restored indentations in columns i-iv: at ii, 34 and iii,39. Regarding the ones he listed, the evidence is thus: the one before 3:2 is almost certain - see Herbert, 252 line 15 - and measures 18.5 mm restored; the one before 6:9 is almost certain - see Herbert, 254 36A line 12 - and measures 23 mm restored; the one before 21: 1 is almost certain - see Herbert, 268 50B line 4 - and measures 27 mm restored; the one before 23: 1 is visible at Herbert, 270 52B line 15 and measures 25 mm. The one before 15 :31 is nonexistent; at line 7 ofhis column 45 the words n'),'1 ;':;:11 begin the line and precede ) 1'11? cf. LXXLuc : n'),' 1'n?1 ;':;:1,). Similarly, there's no break before 16:13b - see the same page 45D line 3. The word '17~lL'1 beginning 16:13b must fall at the end ofthe line so that in the next line, restored to MT verbatim, the tops ofthe three lameds in ??j:"1 l'?;' project - as is clearly visible in the plate - into t:l1';, (one) and into the interval between ;,r;, and l?'1 (the other two) at the correct points. On the other hand, an indentation (17 mm in length) is surely to be restored at 45,35, i.e. between 45D and 45E, as is one before 19:25 (38 mm in length)see Herbert 49A and his discussion ofthe placement ofthe fragment (but correct in his sentence:"1t is tempting to resolve ... about 30 mm to the right" to "38 mm to the left").

282

CHAPTER FOUR

5. PLATES OF THE HANDWORK

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