Conducting Health Outcomes Research [1 ed.] 0763786772, 9780763786779

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Conducting Health Outcomes _ Research ‘or

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Conducting Health

Outcomes Research Co

Robert L. Kane, MD Professor, School of Public Health Minnesota Chair in Long-Term Care and Aging Director, Minnesota Evidence-Based Practice Center

Director, University of Minnesota Clinical Outcomes Research Center University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota

David M. Radosevich, PhD, RN Adjunct Assistant Professor, School of Public Health Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kane, Robert L., 1940Conducting health outcomes research / Robert L. Kane, David M. Radosevich. pes cm:

Includes bibliographical references. ISBN-13: 978-0-7637-8677-9 ISBN-10: 0-7637-8677-2 1. Outcome assessment (Medical care)—Methodology. I. Radosevich, David M. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Outcome Assessment (Health Care)—methods. 2. Health Services Research—

methods, 3. Research Design. W 84.41 K16c 2011] R853.087K35

2011

362.1—dc22 2010012082

6048 Printed in the United States of America 14 13 12° 11

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Table of Contents Prelace ee tec ane Pugin e tee ee oe xi s+ ccs 008xii Acknowledgments iirc 8 Galecpyesseaeid.« About the Authors iii. Ae gud astine so. es s xiii

Chapter 1

Introduction to Outcomes Research............--: 1 IAGO uiCO Mes AD DIOR Ft Lo ueeg eh yeahs 8 UES eee TINEA SanTST A FNRI eaeg ae 3) ABP See Srn See.5 acai eaecee ere el Se ogee ee 10 iypcs ob Say esionsa.. of,«ntuple 30s deo. 2 ss 11 IVICA SIT UG IC)ICOMGS os Suet. a oats serge me as Ase Gt 15 Conceptual Vodclin pie teecso. oyton Wamnird ae ee 16 Oneat i On Olit CROOK 3 tng -cusege ign on ae es a 24 RS ESSENSE ce RP en Coe ere eer 2A

Chapter 2

Models and Causal Circa et Sorceptuawwiogels ERDE aon Myce SUITOSE DEE aa pc tl Glebe Neca t ee

Chapter 3

Outcomes Research Study Designs............... Isolating the Effect of the Intervention... ......... cDbiteaeerrcyny Altclityee tte tee ne oe EE No lee ws Wires co licrial Valicity ees eee ee a ee EGG) MOSEMGSWyOES te Chere ten oraiceeuae ney ate ee Re Potential Biases in Implementing a Study............ RELCCIICCS

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Thinking ................... 25 eat ec es ee eee se cae we es Up) rte he Meee i ee oe ae 29 tat men mrt «ys ee an 33 Rh Rares Say as we han a Pac toe 2) et heehee et eI Mae he as 36

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 4

Measurement .......eeecececesreerescecceees The Nature of Measurement ......-+..-+s++0+-+0Scaling .. okies nucleate. «ca n> nas pitied anaes ete eo Nominal’Measurément 3 (ec eee. ees ees aes 5 0s 254. a. $4.5 OrdinaléMeasuremetits.), «+ Qads aus 1 eeccsate Interval Measurement... Ratio. Measurement .x.

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