Blackburne's chess games 9780486238579, 0486238571

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BLACKBURNE CHESS GAMES Selected, Annotated and Arranged by Joseph Henry Blackburne Edited by P. Anderson Graham

....s.sic

BLACKBURNE'S CHESS GAMES

BLACKBURNE'S

CHESS GAMES Selected, Annotated and Arranged b�

JOSEPH HENRY BLACKBURNE Bdit11d, With a Biographical Sk11tch and a Bri11f History of Blindfold Ch11ss b;y

P. ANDERSON GRAHAM With a New Introduction b;y

DAVID HOOPER Co-Author of

A Guidi! to Ch11ss Bndinlls and Th11 Unknown Cupablanca

Dover Publications,lnc. New York

Copyright © 1979 by Dover Publications, Inc. All rights reserved under Pan American and In­ ternational Copyright Conventions. Published in Canada by General Publishing Com­ pany, Ltd., 30 Lesmill Road, Don Mills, Toronto, Ontario. Published in the United Kingdom by Constable and Company, Ltd., 10 Orange Street, London WC2H 7EG. This Dover edition, first published in 1979, is an unabridged and unaltered republication of the work originally published in 1899 by Longmans, Green, and Co., entitled Mr. Blackburne's Games at Chess. David Hooper has written a new Introduction to the Dover edition. lliternational Standard Book Number:

0-486-23857-1

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:

79-52009

Manufactured in the United States of America Dover Publications, Inc. 180 Varick Street New York, N.Y. 10014

INTRODUCTION TO THE DOVER EDITION.

IN THE 1870s and 1880s Blackburne was one of the best five players in the world, alongside Steinitz, Zukertort, Tschigorin and Tarrasch. Inspired by Morphy's triumphs (although these two never met), he learned to play chess at the age of eighteen; he was probably the only world-class player who learned the game so late. He showed such aptitude that he was able to win the Manchester Club Tournament within two years. In this he came in ahead of Horwitz, the club professional. He entered the London International Tournament of 1862 a few months later, and defeated Steinitz in their individual. game (Game 1 in this book). A match with Steinitz followed at the end of the year. Blackburne lost. They were to remain rivals for many years, but Blackburne was destined to play second fiddle. The event that launched his professional career was the British Championship, 1868-9. De Vere, the holder of the title, was a hot favourite. They met in the final round (Game 22) after which each had won nine games out of ten. In March, Blackhurne won the play off; he won in the endgame, a phase he learned so well from Horwitz that he became the foremost endgame player of his time. He was now regarded as England's best player, a position he held for some thirty years. At Baden-Baden, 1870, he shared third prize with Neumann, behind Anderssen and Steinitz. At London, 1872, he came in second to Steinitz but ahead of Zukertort. Then came Vienna, 1873, a tournament that consisted of short matches for the best of three games. In the second round he beat Steinitz (Game 25). In the last seven rounds Steinitz set a cracking pace, scoring four­ teen consecutive wins, all games in which his opponents never had the ghost of a chance. The pressure was too much for Black-

v1

INTRODUCTION TO THE DOVER EDITION

burne, who lost his eleventh and last match. They had both won ten matches, but in the playoff an exhausted Blackburne was de­ feated. In 1876 Blackburne lost a matgh to Steinitz, who scored seven straight wins. Blackburne is reported to have wined and dined too well during adjournments-his play in the later stages of some of the games is not inconsistent with this view. It says much for Blackburne's resilience that he was not de­ moralized for long by this crushing defeat. He came in third at Paris, 1878, behind Zukertort and Winawer; and at Berlin, 1881, he made the best performance of his career: he scored 13 + 1 - 2 = (87.5% ), three points ahead of a field that included Zukertort, Tschigorin and Winawer. Ile was thirty-nine years old, and at the peak of his form. Perhaps, for a short time, he was second only to Steinitz. In the 1890s he became one of only eight players to beat Lasker more than once, a feat that even Alekhine could not achieve. (See Games 36 and 39.) This book covers Blackburne's career until 1899, when he was in his fifty-eighth year (he was born on 10 December 1841, not 1842, as is stated at the beginning of Chapter I). At this point, his tournament career was practically at an end although he com­ peted in a few more events, making his final bow at St. Petersburg in 1914, at the age of 72. After this he continued to eke out a living, chiefly by giving simultaneous displays. One of these, given in 1919, is recalled by the English master W. Winter: "I had heard that he [Blackburne] was in + P - QB 3 R - Kt sq R - Kt 8 + Kt - Q 8 + R - Kt 7 Kt x P R - Kt 6 Kt - K 7 + Kt x P K - K sq R - R 6 (f) K - Q sq K - B sq K - Kt sq Kt x P (g) RxP P-Q 5

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

K - B sq R - Kt sq RxP K - K sq K - Q sq R x RP P-B 3 K - K sq P-R 4 P-R 5 K-B 2 K - Kt 3 Kt - B 4 Kt - Q 3 Kt - K 5 K - Kt 4 Rx P+ R - QR 7 P-B 4 Kt x KtP P-B 5 R-K 7 K x Kt Kt - K 5 --

Black to make his 47th move. Black-Blackburne.

White-Zukertort.

47 48 49 50 51

--

P - Q 6 (i) K - Bsq(j) R-R 8 P-B 4

47 48 49 50 51

K - K 4 (h) KxP K-K 4 K-B 5 K - K E>

21

THE FRENCH .DEFENCE.

52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61

R - K 8 (k) 52 K - Q 6 53 K - B 6 R-Q 8+ K - Q sq 54 R - K 6 R - KB 8 55 Kt - B 4 R -B 2 56 Kt - Q 6 R-B 2+ 57 K - Q 5 R-K 2 58 R - B 6 K - Q 2 (l) 59 Kt_- B 5 (m) R-K 8 60 R - B 7 + K - Q sq 61 K - B 6 and White resigns (n)

Game 4. French Defence. Played at the Berlin Tourna­ ment in 1881.

•

White.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P- K 4 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - QB 3 4 PxP 5 Kt - B 3 6 B-Q 3 7 Castles 8 Kt - K 2 9 Kt - Kt 3 10 B - K 3 11 Q - Q 2 12 QR - K sq 13 Q - B sq 14 P x B 15 RP x Kt 16 K - Kt 2 (b) 17 R - R sq 18 R - R 3 19 QR - R sq 20 B - KKt 5 21 P - QB 4 (c) 22 B x BP 23 R - R 4 24 B - Kt 3 25 B - B 6

(a) This is more dangerous for the second player than a similar move is for the first. (b) Herr Englisch, in a ge.m.e played against myself at Vienna, here took the Knight, and following with Kt - KR 4, Q - R 5 and P - KB 4 obtained a good ge.m.e. (c) A move that takes the sting out of the attack. (d) At a first glance it appears more blessed to give than to receive the Rook's Pawn, but the result shows this to be no more than a drawing move. (e) Ruinous to his Queen's side. (J) At this period he should either have brought his King over to stop the dangerous Rook's Pawn or tried to advance his own Pawn. It he.d been give and take up to now. (g) There wa.s nothing else for it. Without sacriticing the piece he could not have stopped the Bishop's Pawn. (h) The position is difficult and beauti­ ful. I here overlooked a forced win as follows :47

Bia.ck.

Herr Schwarz. 1 P-K 3 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - KB 3 4 PxP 5 B-Q3 6 P-B 3 7 Castles 8 B - KKt 5 9 Q-B 2 10 QKt - Q 2 11 KR - K sq 12 Kt - K 5 13 QB x KKt 14 Kt x Kt (a) 15 B x P 16 B - Q 3 17 Kt - B sq 18 P - KKt 3 19 QR - Q sq 20 R - Q 2 21 P x P 22 P - KR 4 23 P - Kt 4 24 Kt - K 3 25 Kt - B 5 +

White to make his 26th move. Bia.ck-Schwarz.

K-K6 -R3

48 �

K-Q6 P-Q6

49 :K X-i> t + 50 K moves

R-K S+ and mates next move. (i) Played with genius. If Kt x P + , an d afterwards Kt x R, the Pa.wn goes to Queen. (j) R - R 8 was better. The Pawn is no h elp, but a. hiudra.nce to him. (k) He should have kept the King a.way by R - Q 8. ( l) He ought to ha.ve forced me to take the P awn by pushing it on. (m) The position I he.cl been aiming a.t. (n) He ha.s no reply to the threatened Kt - Q 6.

I

·

��======��===�

22

CHESS.

26 Q x Kt 27 R x P 28 R x P

26 B x Q 27 P x R 28 Resigns.

Black to make

his 16th

move.

(a) Black proposed o. draw at this point, but although secure of the first prize I declined. (b) Ob\•iously P " B gives Black a draw by perpetual check. (c) Perhaps I ma,Y be p�rmitted to . . quote wha.t Mr . Stem1tz so.id of this : " The design of Mr. Bhi.ckburne's attack, especially from the 21st move, in com­ bination with the brilliant finish, belongs to the finest efforts of chess genius dis­ played in match play ".

Game 5.

French Defence. Played at the London Tourna­ 25 26 ment in 1883. 27 Black. White. 28 J. H. Blackburne. Herr Winawer. 29 1 P-K 4 1 P- K 3 30 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 31 3 Kt - QB 3 3 B - Kt 5 (a) 32 4 PxP 4 PxP 33 5 Kt - KB 3 5 Kt - B 3 34 6 B-Q 3 6 Castles 35 7 Castles 7 B - Kt 5 36 8 Kt - K 2 8 B x Kt (b) 37 9 PxB 9 Kt - R 4 38 10 Kt - Kt 3 10 Kt x Kt 39 11 RP x Kt (c) 11 B - Q 3 (d) 40 12 K - Kt 2 12 P - KB 4 41 13 R - R sq 13 P - KKt 3 42 14 P - QB 4 14 P - B 4 (e) 43 15 P x BP 15 B x BP 44 16 P x P 16 45 See Diagram on ne:rJ, column 46 47 16 B - Q 3 (/) 16 -17 B - QB 4 17 Kt - Q 2 48 18 B - K 3 18 R - B sq 49 19 B - Kt 3 19 P - Kt 3 (g) 50 20 B - Q 4 20 Q - Kt 4 51 21 P - B 4 21 Q - Q sq (h) 52 22 R x P 22 Kt - B 3 (i) 53 23 R x P 64 23 R - KB 2 24 R x R 55 24 K x R --

.•

Q-K 2 Q-K 6+ p x Q+ R - R sq B x Kt + R-R 7 R - R 8 (k) R-Q 8 R - Q sq P-B 3 B-Q 5 K - B sq R-Q 2 K - Kt 2 B - Kt 3 P - Kt 4 K - Kt 3 K-R 2 B-B 4 P - Kt 3 K - Kt 2 B-K 2 B-B 4 R-Q 7 R-R 7 PxP R-R 5 RxP K - Kt 3 B - Kt 5 + R-Q 5+

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55

Q - K sq (j) QxQ K-K 2 P - QKt 4 KxB R-B 2 P - Kt 5 B-K 2 R-B 3 R-Q 3 R - Q sq R - KR sq R-R 8+ R - QB 8 R - QKt 8 K - Kt 2 R - Kt 8 + R - Kt 8 R - QB 8 K - B sq R-K 8 B-B 4 B-K 2 R - QR 8 R-Q 8 PxP K - K sq R-Q 7+ RxP K - Q sq K-B 2

23

THE FRENCH .DEFENCE.

56 R - Q 7 + 57 R x B 58 P - B 5

56 K - Kt 3 57 K x B 58 Resigns.

(a) Herr Winawer's favourite method of playing the French defence. The usual move, Kt - KB 3, is better. (b) This doubling of the Bishop's Pawn is of no advantage to Black, while the open file is of great service to an attacking player. (c) It is always better to ta.ke with the Rook's Pa.wn. If the other takes, nothing is left. (d) The return of the Bishop shows the weakness of Black's third move. He now realises that White has a line of attack through the open file. (e) This gives up a Pawn, but it is not easy to see how he could have avoided it. Suppose 14

P-B 3 PxP 15 PxP Q - Kt 3 l6 winning a Pawn. If 14 15

16

hoped to win a Pawn back and secure an ending with Bishops of opposite colours. (k) If R x R, B x R, and, although White is three Pawns ahead, it would not have been easy to win.

Game 6.

French Defence. Played in the London Tourna­ ment in 1883. White.

Black.

Herr Englisch. 1 P ·- K 4 2 P-Q 4 3 PxP 4 Kt - KB 3 5 B-Q 3 6 Castles 7 Kt - B 3 8 B - KKt 5 9 B x Kt (a) 10 Kt x P (b)

J. H. Blackburne.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

P- K 3 P-Q 4 PxP Kt - KB 3 B-Q 3 Castles Kt - B 3 B - KKt 5 QxB Q-R 3

White to make his 11th move. Black-Blackburne.

PXP

BxP+ K - R sq R x P+

and mate follows in a few moves. (/) The Pawn cannot be taken. Supj)ose 16 Q x P B - KR 6 17 -R - B sq (This is his best. If R Q sq, B - QB 4 winning easily.) R -:-_QB sq 18 K - R sq P - QKt 4 19 and wins. (g) P - B 5 would have shown more enterprise. (h) He dare not take this Pawn with the Bishop for fear of P - Q 6 discovering check. Q - K 2, however, was better than the text move. (i) The Rook cannot be captured on account of Q R sq + , etc. (j) Offering the exchange with three Pawns down appears suicidal, but he -

-

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

P - KR 3 (c) B - K 2 (d) B x Kt R - K sq P - KKt 3 Q-K 2 BxB

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Kt x P Kt x Kt + BxP B-K 3 QR - Q sq B x Kt BxP

CHESS.

18 B - K 4 19 Q x R 20 Resigns.

18 R - Q 7 (e) , 19 B - R 7 +

(a) In one of his gs.mes with Potter, Zukertort fell into the sa.me tro.p. (b) After this White ha.s a. ba.d gs.me. (c) Zukertort, in his notes to the gs.me with Potter, says Q - B sq is the only move to sa.ve the gs.me. (d) P x B lea.ds, of course, to immedia.te ruin. (e) White struggled ma.nfully, but this settled the ma.tter.

Black to ma.ke h is 23rd move. Bla.ck-Blackburne.

, ' '

I

Game 7.

French Defence. Played in the Nuremberg Tour­ nament of 1883.

White-Lange.

27 Q x QP 27 Q - Q 3 White. Bia.ck. 28 Q x Q 28 P x Q Dr. Max Lange. J. H. Blackburne. 29 R - Q 8 29 R x P 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 3 30 R x P 30 R x P 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 31 R - Q 8 31 R - Q B 7 3 PxP 3 PxP 32 R - B 8 32 P - R 4 4 Kt - KB 3 4 Kt - KB 3 33 P - Q 5 33 P - QR 5 5 B-Q 3 5 B-Q 3 34 P - B 4 34 P - R 6 6 Castles 6 Castles 35 P - Q 6 35 P - R 7 7 P-B 3 7 Kt - B 3 36 P - Q 7 36 P (Queen's + ) 8 Kt - K 2 8 Q-B 2 37 K - R 2 37 Q - Q 5 9 Kt - R 4 (a) 9 Kt - Kt 3 and White resigns. 10 Kt - B 5 10 R - K sq 11 Kt x B 11 Q x Kt (a) White neglects the development of his Queen's pieces. 12 P - KB 4 12 Kt - K 5 (b) Better tha.n R x BP, which would 13 B x Kt 13 R x B ena.ble White to esta.blish some a.ttack. 14 Kt - Q 2 14 R - K 7 (b) (c) A blunder which he perceives too 15 Q - Q 3 15 B - Kt 5 late. (d) The sacrifice was desperate, but 16 Q - Kt 3 1 6 P - KR 4 he had no satisfactory defence. 17 B - B 4 17 P - KR 3 1 8 Kt - B 3 18 B - K 5 Game 8. 19 R - B 2 19 B x Kt 20 Q x B 20 R - K 8 + French Defence. 21 R - B sq 21 QR - K sq Played at Nuremberg in 1883. 22 B - Q 2 22 KR - K 7 23 R - B 2 Black. 23 -White. See Diagi·am. on next colmnu. J. H. Blackburne. V. H ru b y . I. Gunsberg. E. Schallopp. 23 -23 Q - R 3 Dr. C. Schmid. J. Schwarz. 24 R x R (c) 24 R x R 1 P-K 3 1 P-K 4 25 R - K sq (d) 25 R x B 2 P-Q 4 26 R - K 8 + 26 Kt - B sq 2 P-Q 4

THE FRENCH DEFENCE.

3 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - KB 3 4 B - KKt 5 4 B-K 2 5 B x Kt 5 BxB 6 P - KKt..3 6 Kt - B 3 , 7 Q-Q 2 7 P-B 3 8 B-K 2 8 B - Kt 2 9 P - KR 4 (a) 9 P - KR 4 10 P - Kt 3 10 P - K 5 11 Castles (QR) 11 B - QR 3 12 B - R 3 12 QR - Kt sq 13 B x B 13 Kt - KKt 5 14 Kt - Q 2 (b) 14 Kt x B 15 Q - K 2 15 P - KB 4 16 R - R 3 16 P - QB 4 17 R - K sq 17 P - B 5 18 Q - Kt 5 18 Kt - B 3 19 Q - K 2 19 Q - R 4 20 K - Kt sq 20 Kt - Kt sq 21 B x Kt 21 P - B 5 22 P x B 22 KtP x P 23 R x P 23 R - B sq 24 R - R 7 24 Kt - B 3 25 Castles 25 R - Q sq 26 R - Q 2 26 Q - R 5 27 Q - R 6 27 R - K sq 28 P - Kt 6 (c) 28 P x P 29 Q x P 29 KR - K 2 30 R x R 30 R x R White to make their 31st move. Bla.ck-Blackburne and allies.

33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

(a) Opening a violent attack upon an empty fortress. (b) Perhaps P - QB 4, followed by Kt - B 3, would have been stronger. (c) They might as well have played this at their previous move. (d) Sacrificing a good Pawn for a use­ less attack. P - R 4 instead would have required careful play on the part of Black. (e) The tenth and last move of this unfortunate Rook.

Game 9.

French Defence. Played at Hamburg in 1885. White. Black. J. H. Blackburne. Dr. Tarrasch. 1 P- K 4 1 P- K 3 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - KB 3 4 B - KKt 5 4 B- K 2 5 BxB 5 B x Kt 6 Castles p Kt - B 3 7 Q- Q 2 7 P-B 4 8 KP x P 8 BP x P 9 P x P (a) 9 Kt x P 10 B - K 2 10 Kt - B 3 , 11 Kt - Kt 3 11 R - K sq 12 Castles KR (b) 12 P - Q 5 13 Kt - R 4 13 P - QKt 3 14 QR - Q sq 14 Q - B 2 15 P - QB 3 15 P x P 16 Kt x BP 16 B x Kt 17 P x B 1 7 B - Kt 2 18 B - B 3 18 QR - Q sq 19 Q - Kt 5 19 --

I 1 White-Hruby and allies.

31 R - R sq (d) 32 R - R 8 +

31 Kt x QP 32 K - Kt 2

Q - Kt 8 33 Q - B 4 34 K - R 3 P-R 4 R - R sq 35 Q - B 2 36 Q - Q 2 Q - KB 8 37 Kt - B 3 R - Q sq 38 P - Q 5 R - K sq Kt - Kt 5 39 P - Q 6 PxP 40 P x P 41 Kt x P K - R sq 42 P - Q 7 R x Kt (e) and White resigns.

26

CHESS. Black to make his 19th move .

Game 10.

French Defence.

White-Blacklrnrne.

19 20 21 22

19 20 B x B 21 R x R 22 Q x Kt

Kt - K 4 R x R . . (c) Q xB Resigns. .

(a) Dr. Tarrasch remarks here that Black has now a free and good game, the King's Bishop standing especially well, and the middle Pawn bearing on the White position. It is intere st ing to note that the same position may occur in the Sicilian game, as follows :P-K 4 1 P - QB 4 Kt - QB 3 2 P-K 3 Kt - B 3 3 P-Q 4 PxP 4 PXP 5 !' - Q 4 PxP Kt x P 6 Kt B 3 B - KKt 5 7 B-K2 B x Kt 8 x-B B Q-Q 2 9 Castles · (b) Uastling on the Queen's side has a tempting look, but would not be sound. (c) Dr. Tarrasch was pressed for time, an d. made the moves from 17 up to this fatal error hastily.

Play-ed in the Hereford Tourna­ ment of 1885. Black. W hite. Capt. Mackenzie. J.H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 3 1 P-K 4 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 3 P - KB 3 3 P-K 5 4 P - KKt 3 4 B-Q 3 5 Kt x P 5 PxP 6 B - Kt 2 6 B-K3 7 Kt - B 3 7 Kt - Q 2 8 Castles 8 KKt - B 3 9 Kt - KKt 5 9 P-B 3 10 B - KKt 5 10 Kt x BP 11 Kt x Q 11 B x Q 12 Kt - K 6 (a) 12 B x P 13 P - K 4 (b) 13 P - KKt 3 14 B - Kt 5 14 P x P 15 K - K 2 (c) 15 B x P 16 Kt x B 16 B x B 17 B x Kt 17 K x Kt 18 KR - KB sq 18 --

Black to make his 18th move. Black-Blackburne.

-

I 201918 KK

White-Mac kenzie.

---

Q4 -B 5 21 QR - K sq _

18 19 20 21

QR - K sq (d) Kt _ B 3 + R B sq Kt - K4 dis + _

27

THE FRENCH DEFENCE.

22 K - Q 4 23 K - B 5 Given (a)

22 Kt - B 3 + 23 Kt - K4 dis + up as .drawn.

12 Kt x KtP was better, as it disorganised White's Queen's side. (b) This move ought to have won a game which nevertheless ended in a draw. (c) Evidently White did not appreci­ ate the force of the la.st move. His best reply was K - B 2. (d) Overlooking White's ingenious plan of escape. The following line of play would have won the game :18

---

P-Q5+

19 K x P (best)

Q R - Q sq +

20

K x Kt

R -Q 4+ KxK 6 21 _ R - K sq + K-B 6 22 B - Kt 5 and Bia.ck wins.

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

Q-Q 4 Castles R x R+ P - QKt 3 Kt x Q P-B 5 P x KP P - KR 4 P-R 5 PxP R - B s q (c) R-B 7+ R x KtP B-B 2 Kt x Kt B-Q 3 R-R 7

Bia.ck

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

R - QB sq Kt - R 5 BxR Q x Q+ Kt - Kt 3 P - Kt 3 BxP K-K2 Kt - Q 2 RP x P Kt x P K-B 3 R - QB sq Kt - B 3 R x Kt K-K 4

--

to make his 33rd mo,·e.

Bla.ck-Bla.ckburne.

Game 11.

French Defence. Played in the Tournament of the ' B.C.A. of 1888. White.

Black.

Herr Zukertort. J, H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 3 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 White-Zukertort. 3 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - KB 3 33 K - Q 5 33 4 B - KKt 5 4 B - K 2 34 R - B 8 + 34 R x RP 5 P-K 5 5 KKt - Q 2 35 K - K 6 35 B B sq 6 Bx B 6 QxB 36 P - Q 5 36 P QKt 4 7 B- Q 3 7 P - QR 3 (a) 37 R - R 3 + 37 R - B G 8 QKt - K 2 8 P - QB 4 38 P - Q G 38 R - R 6 9 P - QB 3 9 Kt - QB 3 39 P - Q 7 39 R - Q 6 10 P - KB 4 (b) 10 P x P 40 B - B 5 40 P Kt 5 11 Kt x QP 11 P x P 41 R - B 8 41 P - Kt 6 12 Q - Kt 5 + 12 Kt x Kt and White resigns. 13 Q x Kt 13 Q - Q 2 (a) Castling would b e dangerous now. 14 Q - Kt 3 14 Kt - B 3 (b) Losing a valuable Pawn. Kt - B 3 15 R - QB sq 15 Kt - B 4 was best. 16 B - Kt sq 16 B - Q 2 (c) Best-his KP is defenceless.

CHESS.

24 B - B 4 24 Kt - B 6 25 Q - Q sq 25 Q - R 6 French Defence. 26 Kt - Q 3 (d) 26 Q - Kt 5 27 B x Kt Played in the Breslau Tourna­ 27 P.. x Kt 28 Q x P 28 Q - R 6 ment of 1889. 29 B - K 2 29 Kt - K 5 White. Black. 30 P - B 3 30 R - QR 3 J. H. Blackburne. Dr. Tarrasch. 31 Q - Q 4 31 Kt - B 4 1 P-K 4 1 P- K 3 32 B x P 32 Kt - Q 2 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 33 P - B 5 33 P - KKt 4 3 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - KB 3 34 B - QB 4 34 R - KKt 3 4 P-K 5 4 KKt - Q 2 35 B - K 5 35 Kt - B 3 5 P-B 4 5 P - QB 4 36 R - QKt sq 36 K - Kt 2 6 PxP 6 Kt x BP 37 B - B sq 37 K - R 3 7 Kt - B 3 7 Kt - B 3 38 R - KB 2 38 Kt - K sq 8 B - Kt 5 (a) 8 B - K 2 39 P - Kt 4 39 Q - R 4 9 Castles 9 Castles 40 P x P 40 P x P 10 P x B 10 B x Kt and after a few more moves White 11 Kt - Q 4 11 Q - B 2 resigned. 12 Q - R 5 12 B - Q 2 13 R - B 3 13 P - Kt 3 (a) This gives White a slight ad­ vantage. 14 R - Kt 3 14 K - R sq (b) A few moves latel' I discovered 15 R - KKt sq 15 Q - R 6 that R - K sq would have been stronger. 16 B - KB sq 16 B - K 3 (c) The turning point of the game. I 17 Q - R 3 17 Kt - Kt 2 afterwards demonstrated that Kt - B 2, followed by R K sq so as to prevent 18 Kt - B 3 18 R - Kt 2 B K 5, would have given White a. 19 R - KB sq (b) 19 P - QB 4 winning position. White could also 20 B - B 3 20 B - B sq have won the exchange at least by 21 Kt - Q sq 21 B - K 2 P - B 5. Game 12.

-

-

White to make his 22nd move. Black-Tarra.�ch.

(d) I quite overlooked this beautiful move : it breaks the attack and . practi­ cally decides the game. NOTE.-The FieZdremarked that " had Mr. Blackburne availed himself of the various possibilities in the earlier part of the attack, this would have been the finest game of the tournament ".

Game 13.

French Defence. Played in the New York Tour­ nament in 1889. White. White-Blackburne.

22 Kt - K 3 (c) 22 P - Q 5 23 B - K 5 23 Kt - Kt 4

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P- K 4 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - QB 3

Bia.ck.

Mr. J. Mason. 1 P- K 3 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - QB 3 (a)

THE FRENCH DE.FENCE.

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

4 B - Kt 5 Kt - B 3 B-Q 3 5 Kt - B 3 6 Kt - K 5 P - K 5 (b) 7 Kt x BB - Q '2 8 P - KR 3 (c) Q x Kt 9 Castles Castles KR 10 B x Kt Q-K 3 11 Kt - R 4 (d) PxB 12 P - QKt 3 Kt - Q 2 P - KB 4 13 Q - K 2 14 P - QB 4 R-B 3 R - Kt 3 15 P - B 4 (e) P x P ( e. p. ) 16 Q x P 17 P x P R - KB sq 18 Kt - B 3 PxP 19 Kt - K 2 (f) P - B 3· 20 Kt - B 4 Q - K sq 21 Kt - Q 3 R-R 3 22 B - Q 2 QR - B 3 23 R - B 2 P - Kt 4 Q - Kt 3 24 Black to make his 24th move. Black-Mason. --

(a) The other Knight is better. In some forms of this opening it is of im­ ports.nee to be able to advance P - QB 4. (b) P x P leads to an old dra.wiI1g variation. (c) Probably intended a.s a waiting move, but it creates a weakness on the King's side. (d) Trying to force an opening on the Queen's side. (e) If P goes to B 5 , White plays P B 5 ; and if P x B, then P B 6, winning. (!) Now he is able to guard the weak Kt 3, and three.ten a.n exchange by Kt - B 4. (g) He he.s no means of repelling the King's Knight's Pawn, a.nd so brings his Knight round to defend his most vulnerable point. If instead he had played :24 P - K:kt 4 -

-

PxP 25 Q x P Q x Kt 26 R x R 27

RxR

--

and wins.

(h) Now the attack is overwhelming.

(i) Giving up the exchange, but ho ha.d nothing better. If 27 K - B sq 28 29

RxR+ KxR

pi�� :;

3o R - B S+ Kt - B 8 31 _9 - R 8 +

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

24 P - Kt 5 (h) 25 26 PxP 27 Q-R 4 28 BxR R - K 3 (j) 29 30 Q-R 8+ 31 P - Kt 6 + 32 KR - Kt 3

K-K 2 Kt - K sq (g) 32 Q x P + PxP winning easily. Q - Q sq (j) To prevent the King escaping to R - B 4 (i) the Queen's side . PxB (k) K - B sq (k) now. He might a.s well have resigned K-B 2 (l) He cannot escape mate next move. K-B 3 Resigns (l)

CHESS.

24 R - Q 7 (c) 24 Kt x R 25 Q - Q sq 25 B - B sq French Defence. 26 Kt - Kt 4 26 Q - Kt 4 27 Q - QB 4 Played in the Bradford Match 27 P - KR 4 28 Kt - R 6 + 28 K - R sq of 1890. 29 Q - Q 3 29 R - B 4 White. Black. 30 Kt x R 30 P x Kt J. H. Blackburne. Mr. Lee. 31 R - Q 8 31 Q - K 2 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 3 32 R x R + 32 Q x R 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 33 Q - Q sq 33 Q - K 6 + 3 Kt - KB 3 3 Kt - QB 3 34 Q - Kt 3 34 K - Kt sq 4 B - KKt 5 4 B-K 2 35 B - K 3 35 Q - K sq 5 KKt - Q 2 5 P-K 5 36 Q x Q 36 Q x B 6 QxB 6 BxB 37 P - Kt 3 37 Kt x Q 7 P - QR 3 7 Q-Q2 38 B - Q sq 38 Kt - R 6 8 Kt - Q sq 8 Castles 39 Kt - B 4 39 Kt - B 7 9 B-Q 3 9 P - QB 4 40 B - B 3 40 K - Kt 2 10 P - QB 3 10 Kt - QB 3 41 K - B 2 41 P - R 3 11 P - B 3 11 Kt - K 2 42 K - Q 2 12 KBP x P 12 P - KB 4 and in a few more moves Black 13 QP x P 13 Q - R 5 + resigned. 14 P - KKt 3 14 Q - R 4 (a) He has succeeded in obtaining 15 Kt - K 3 15 P - QKt 4 (a) a formidable array of Pawns on Lhe 16 Castles (QR) 16 B - Kt 2 Queen's side, which is Lheoretically an 17 KR - Kt sq 17 QKt x p advantage in this opening. 18 P x Kt 18 Kt x P (b) Now he hope>! to reap 11. return for tho sa ri fic e of the Knight. 19 Q -- R 3 19 Kt - KB 4 (c) But he did not calculate on this. 20 Q - K 2 20 QR - K sq 21 B - B 2 21 P - Q 5 22 P x P 22 P x P Game 15. 23 R x P 23 Kt - B 6 (b) French Defence. Game 14.

c

White

to make his 24th move. Black-Lee.

White-Blackburne.

Played at Hastings White.

in

1895.

Black.

J. H. Blackburne. Mr. Tinsley. 1 P-K 3 1 P-K 4 2 P-Q 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 P-Q 4 3 PxP 4 Kt - KB 3 4 Kt x P 5 Kt - B 3 (a) 5 B-Q 3 6 B-K 2 6 P - QB 3 7 Castles 7 Kt - B 3 8 P - KR 3 8 Q-B 2 9 Kt - Q 4 1 9 Castles 10 P - B 4 (b) 10 B - Q 2 11 B - Kt 4 11 Kt - Kt 3 12 KR - K sq 12 B x B 13 B - Q 2 1 13 Q x B

1

3r

THE FRENCH .DEFENCE.

14 QR - Q sq 14 Q - B 3 15 B - B 2 (c) 15 QR - Q sq White to me.ke his 16th move. Black-Tinsley.

White-Bla.ckburne.

16 KKt - K 2 16 P - B 4 17 B - B sq 17 P - Kt 4 18 Kt - Kt 3 (d) 18 Q - B 3 19 Q - B 2 19 Kt - R 5 20 P x P (e) 20 P - Q 5 21 Kt - Kt sq 21 P x P 22 P x P 22 P - Q 6 23 P - Q 4 23 B - Kt 3 24 Resigns. 24 R x P (a) This is not the ordinary move, and does not turn out well. (b) This is not a judicious a.dve.nce, e.s h wee.kens the King's side, alree.dy en· feebled by the e.dve.nce of the Rook's Pe.wn . P- QKt 2, making e.n outlet for the Bishop, wnuld have been superior. (c) The beginning of a. strong com­ bination. (d) Further cramping his gs.me. (e) It me.kes no difference what he does. The position is hopeless. Game 16. French Defence. Played at Hastings in 1895. Black. White. Mr. Burn. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 3 1 P- K 4 2 P-Q 4 2 Kt - QB 3

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

3 Kt - KB 3 P-Q 4 B - KKt 5 4 P x P (a) Kt x P (b) 5 B-K 2 6 B x Kt Kt x Kt + BxB 7 Q xB Kt - B 3 8 Castles 9 P-B 4 B-Q 3 P-B 3 10 P x P Kt x P 11 P - K 4 (c) Kt - Kt 5 12 Kt - B 3 13 B - K 3 Castles (d) 14 QR - Q sq Q-R 4 15 Q - Kt 4 KR - Q sq B - B sq 16 B - Kt 5 17 R x R R-Q 3 BxR 18 B - B 6 19 P - QR 3 B - B sq 20 Kt - Q sq Kt - Q 6 21 P - B 4 Q-B 2 K - R sq 22 B - B 3 R - Q sq 23 Kt - K 3 P-B 3 24 R - B 3 B-B 4 25 P - K 5 PxP 26 K - B sq White to me.ke his 27th move. Black-Burn.

27 28 29 30 31 32

Kt x BP Q-Q 2 Q-Q 6+ B x Kt + Q-B 7+ Q - Kt 3 +

27 28 29 30 31 32

Q - Kt 5 Q x KP K-B 2 Q x B (e) K - Kt 3 K x Kt

32

33 34 35 36 37

CHESS.

R - KB sq + 33 34 R - K sq + Q-Q 3+ 35 36 Q-Q 4+ Q - Kt 4 mate.

K-K 5 K-Q 4 K-B 4 K - Kt 4

(a) A doubtful move, though recom­ mended by Mr. Lasker. (b) If B x Kt Pawn retakes with a good game. (c) The Bishop now comes into play and the game is equalised. (d) A good alternative was Kt - B 7 and then to Q 5. (e) R x B is equally bad.

28 29 30 31 32

P-Q 7 Q-B 3 Q-Q 5 KR -.Q 2 R-K 4

28 29 30 31 32

R - Q sq Q-K 3 Q-R 3+ Q-K 6 Q-R 3

White to make his 33rd move. Black-Schiffers.

Game 17.

French Defence. Played in the Nuremberg Tournament of 1896. White.

Black.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - QB 3 4 P x P (a) 5 Kt - B 3 6 B-Q 3 7 B - KKt 5 8 Kt - K 2 9 Kt - K 5 10 P - QB 3 11 P - KB 4 12 Q x B 13 B x Kt 14 Kt - Kt 3 15 Castles (QR) 16 BP x B 17 P - KR 4 18 QR - B sq 19 Kt - B 5 20 Q - Kt 3 21 Kt - Q 6 22 P x P 23 R - B 2 24 BP x Kt 25 R - Q sq 26 QR - Q 2 27 R x P

Herr Schiffers. 1 P-K 3 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - KB 3 4 PxP 5 B-Q3 6 Castles 7 P-B 3 8 B - KKt 5 9 B-R 4 10 B - Kt 3 11 B x B 12 B - K 2 13 B x B 14 Kt - Q 2 15 B x Kt 16 Kt - Kt 3 17 Q - Q 2 18 P - QB 4 19 K - R sq 20 R - KKt sq 21 QR - KB sq 22 Kt - B 5 23 Kt x Kt 24 R - K sq 25 Q - K 3 26 P - Q 5 27 Q x RP

White-Blackburne.

33 Q x BP (b) 34 P - K 6

33 KR - B sq Resigns.

(a) Leading back to an old form of the French. (b) Finishing neatly.

Game 18.

French Defence. Played in the Berlin Tourna· ment of 1897. White.

Black.

Herr Cohn. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K3 I 1 P-K 4 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 3 P x P (a ) 3 Kt - QB 3 4 Kt - KB 3 4 Kt x P 5 Kt - B 3 5 B-Q 3 6 P - KR 3 (b) 6 P - QB 3 7 B-Q 3 7 Kt - B 3 8 Q-K 2 8 Q-K 2 9 B-Q 2 9 P - KR 3 10 Castles (QR) 10 B - Q 2

33

THE FRENCH DEFENCE.

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

P - QKt 4 B x Kt B-B 2 P - Kt 5 Kt - K 5 Kt x Kt Castles (KR)

11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Kt x Kt P-B 4 Q-B 3 Kt - K 2 Kt - Kt 3' Q x Kt Q-B 3

White to ma.ke his 18th move, Bia.ck-Cohn.

White-Ble.ckburne.

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

P - QB 4 (c) B-K 3 P-B 5 P-B 6 Px B+ RxB B x RP Q x KP QxQ BxP+ R - Q sq + B - Kt 6 + B - QB 5 BxR

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Q x p (d) Q-R 5 B-K 4 B x R (e) RxP P - Kt 4 (f) P - Kt 5 Q-K 2 RxQ K - Q sq K - K sq K - B sq K - Kt 2 Resigns.

(a) Recommended by Lasker. (b) This would ho.ve been a weak move if he had not intended to Castle (QR). (c) Ho.stening to attack. (d) P - B 4 was worth considering. (e) Determined to have :i,ll he co.n get. (/) Rightly, seeing that the only cha.nee lies in o. counter o.ttack.

Game 19.

French Defence. Played at Donhead in 1899. White.

Black.

J. H. Blackburne. Mr. L. Hoffer. Mr. Trenchard. Mr. C. D. Locock. 1 P- K 4 1 P-K 3 2 P-Q 4 2 P-Q 4 3 Kt - KB 3 3 Kt - QB 3 4 P-K 5 4 KKt - Q 2 5 P - QB 4 5 P-B 4 6 PxP 6 Kt - QB 3 7 BxP 7 P - QR 3 (a) 8 Castles 8 Q - Kt 4 9 B-Q 3 9 P-B 4 10 Q - R 3 10 Kt - K 2 11 P - KKt 4 11 B x Kt (b) 12 Kt - B 4 12 R x B 13 B - Q 2 13 Kt x B + 14 Q x Kt 14 B - Q 2 15 Castles 15 R - B sq 16 p x p 16 Kt x P 17 R - Kt 5 17 R - KB 2 (c) 18 QR - Kt sq 18 B - K sq (d) 19 K - Kt sq ( e) 19 KR - B 2 White to mo.ke their 20th move. Ble.ck-Hoffer o.nd Locock.

White-Blackburne and Trenchard.

20 Kt X P (/) 2 1 Qx Q 22 R x Kt

20 Q x Kt 21 p x Q 22 R x P (g)

34

CHESS.

23 R (B 5) - Kt 5 23 B - Kt 3 Game 20. 24 R x B 24 P - B 5 French Defence. 25 R (B sq) - B 25 P x B 7 (h) Played in the London Inter­ ' 26 K - R sq 26 P x P + national Tournament of 1899. 27 R x P 27 R x P + Bia.ck. White. 28 R - R 7 + 28 K - R sq Mr. Tinsley. J. H. Blackburne. e.nd drawn by perpetual check. 1 P-K 3 1 P-K 4 (a) White he.a to waste this move in 2 P - QKt 3 (a) 2 P-Q 4 order to compel Bia.ck to capture the 3 B - Kt 2 3 B-Q 3 Queen's Bishop's Pawn, so as to enable 4 Q-K 2 4 Kt - KR 3 the stereotyped Q - Kt 4. It also pre­ 5 Kt - QB 3 (b) 5 Castles vents White's Bishop at Q 3 being ex­ ohe.nged subsequently with Kt - QKt 5. 6 Castles (c) 6 P - QB 3 (b) Not u2ual., but the move may be 7 P QKt 4 7 P - KKt 4 recommended since it enables Bia.ck 8 P-B 3 8 P - R 4 (d) either to exchange White's well-posted 9 Kt - Kt sq 9 P -R 5 Bishop at Q 3 or to post the Knight at K 5. White's advantage of the open IO P x P IO RP x P King's Knight's file is rendered less 11 Kt - R 3 11 Kt - KR 3 dangerous by Black's defensive Kt - B 4 12 P - K 4 12 R - K sq if P x P. 13 P - Kt 5 (e) (c) B - K sq, with the intention of 13 P - Q 5 B - Kt 3, was considered here but dis­ 14 Kt - QKt 5 14 R - K sq carded owing to the advance of White's 15 B x Kt 15 P x Kt KRP a.nd Kt - Kt 5, and eventually 16 B x B 16 QxB Kt - Q 6. 17 P - R 4 (d) The course choRen by Ble.ok was 17 P - Kt 3 (!) sa.fe, a.nd threa.tened the line of play 18 R - R 7 18 R - R 2 pointed out in the previous note, viz., to 19 P - R 5 19 B - B sq play the Bishop to Kt 3, after doubling _

Roo ks on the Queen's Bishop's file. (e) Contemplating the subsequent Kt x P, they do not want the Bish op's Pa.wn to be ta.ken with e. check. (/) Black's me.noouvre, which would ha.ve given them the adv&nte.ge, we.s oleverly prevented by White, who, with this ca.pture, simplified the position. (g) B - Kt 3 would only lead, by a tra.nsposition of moves, to e. simile.r result. (h) B!!st. If

25 :then :and

if

then

26

26 27 28

a.nd wins.

P - KR 3

Bia.ck -Tinsley.

'

� (Kt 5) - Kt 2 R

White to make his 20th move.

(B sq) - B 7

;

;

RxR RxR R - QB sq

The text move secures a draw.

NoTE.-The notes a.re slightly abbre­ viated from those in the Standard.

White-Bla.ckbume.

20 21 22 23

Q-R 4 RxB KxP Q-R 8

20 P x P 21 P x BP + 22 P - Q 3 Resigns.

35

THE R U Y LOPEZ.

(d) No doubt White could take the (a) Strictly spee.Jring, this is the Queen's Fie.nchetto Defence. offered Pawn. (e) Determined to open e.n attack on (b) P - Q 4 should be played before his own e.ocount. the knight is brought out. (f) Making things se.fe before resum­ (c) Inviting an attack. White is ing the e.tte.ok. notliing Joe.th to respond.

IL-THE RuY LoPEZ. This, the most fashionable opening of to-day, was in no great favour in the sixties. It is a. game I never play in a tournament, except when I feel a little off colour a ed a.m content with a. dra.w, and then it usua.lly means losing ha.If a. poin r. In a match this does not ma.tter, as a dra.w leaves the two opponents precisely where they were before, but in a tournament every draw costs something, as the leaders usually win the majority of their games. The Lopez is essentially a.n opening for the safe and cautious player, leading to no attack, and usually ending either in an equal position or with a. very slight advantage to the first player. On very few occasions indeed have I pla.yed it in simultaneous or blindfold gs.mes, where a. quick and brilliant attack is the object chiefly aimed at. I would not recommend the young pla.yer to adopt it. One of his first objects-if he wishes to become a grea.t pla.yer-is to obtain experience of the board, so tha.t a.fterwa.rds he ma.y be able to see almost instinctively when his opponent is drifting into a. losing position. But out of this dull a.nd safe opening there a.rise very few opportunities for fine and beautiful play, a.nd the beginner who adopts it therefore is never more than half-educated in chess. Moreover it hiMJ been so fully ana.lysed of recent yea.rs that you can sca.rcely hit upon a varia­ tion not in the books, and so the laborious drudge has, in playing this opening, an advantage over the clever player, who trusts more to ideas than memory. Game 21.

Ruy Lopez. Played at the Philidorian Chess Club about 1864. White.

Black.

J. H. Blackburne. Herr Falkbeer. Herr Kling. Herr Zytogorski. 1 P-K 4 1 P- K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 B - Kt 5 3 P - QR 3 4 Kt - B 3 4 B-R 4 5 Castles 5 Kt x P 6 P-Q 4 6 B-K 2 7 P-Q 4 7 R - K sq 8 Kt x P 8 B-Q 2

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

B x Kt Kt - Q 2 B x Kt Q-K2 P - KB 4 Q-B 3 QxP Q - K 4 (b) Kt - Q 3 Q-B 5 Q-R 3 P-B 5 R-K 5

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

PxB Kt x Kt Ca.stles B-Q 3 P - QB 4 P x P (a) B-K 3 B - QB 4 B - Q 4 (c) P - Kt 3 (d) B - Kt 3 Q-B 3 P - B 3 (e)

See Diagram mt next page.

22 R - KB sq 22 P - Kt 4 23 Q - Kt 4 23 P - R 3

CHESS. White to make their 22nd move. Ble.ck-Fa.lkbeer and Zytogorski.

3 4 5 6 7

B - Kt 5 P-B 3 P-Q 4 ..P x P Kt - B 3

3 4 5 6 7

KKt - K 2 (a) Kt - Kt 3 (b) PxP B-K 2 Castles

White to make his 8th move.

24 P - KR 4 25 P - B 6 26 B x P (/) 27 P - R 5 28 R x B 29 Q - B 5 + 30 B x P 31 B x R 32 Q x P and the Black flag.

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Q - Kt 2 Q - Kt 3 K-R 2 Q - Kt sq PxR K - R sq Q-R 2 RxB

allies struck their

(a) Better to have defended the QP with P - QB 3. (b) Obviously Q x P would lose a. piece. (c) Ingenious, but it would have been ea.fer to retire B - Kt 3 at once. (d) This weakens the King's side and ene.bles White to begin a.n irresistible e.tta.ck. (e) They should have. played B - Kt 2. (/) There is no defence to this.

Game 22.

White-Bla.ckburne. 8

9 10 11 12

P - KR 4 B - QB 4 K - B sq PxB Kt - Kt 5

8 9 10 11

R - K sq B - Kt 5 B x Kt P-Q 3 Resigns (c)

(a) This was gi'\'en by Steinitz a.s e. feasible defence, but he was not himself successful with it. (b) P- Q 4 or P - Q 3 is the best con. tinua.tion. (c) Because he cannot very well de­ fend the KBP and prevent Q - R 5.

Game 23.

Ruy Lopez.

Ruy Lopez. Played in the B.C.A. Challenge Played in the Challenge Cup Cup Tourney in 1870. Tournament of the British Chess White. Black. Association in 1868. J. H. Blackburne. Mr. Wisker. White. Black. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 De Vere. J. H. Blackburne. 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 3 P - QR 3 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 4 B-R 4 4 Kt - B 3 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3

37

THE R UY L OPEZ.

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

P-Q 3 5 P - QKt 4 B - Kt 3 6 P-Q 3 P-B 3 7 B-K 2 8 Castles P - KR 3 Castles "9 P - Q 4 PxP 10 Kt x P 11 B - B 3 Q-K 2 B-K 3 12 B - B 4 B-B 2 13 R - K sq QKt - Q 2 14 B - Kt 3 15 B - K 2 KR - K sq 16 P - B 4 Kt - B sq QR - Q sq 17 P - B 5 B - B sq 18 B - QB 4 QKt - Q 2 19 -Black to make his 19th move. Ble.ck-Wisker.

White-Bla.ckburne. 19 P - Kt 5 20 Q - B 3 B - R 4 (a) 21 B x Kt Kt - K 4 22 KR - Q sq QxB Resigns (b). Q-B 4 (a) White immediately demonstrates the fa.ta.I weakness of Black's 19th move, and brings the game to a speedy con­ clusion. (b) He must lose a. piece, for if he play 28 Q - Q 3 B x Kt

19 20 21 22 23

--

24 Q x B

25

P- Q

a.nd the Bishop is lost.

4

Game 24. Ruy Lopez. Played at the Vienna Tourna­ ment in 1873. White. Ela.ck. Herr Anderssen. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 Kt - Q 5 (a) 3 B - Kt 5 4 Kt x Kt 4 P x Kt 5 P - QB 3 5 P-Q 3 6 Kt - B 3 6 B - QB 4 7 P-Q 4 7 Castles 8 PxP 8 Kt x P 9 B-K 3 9 Kt - Q 2 10 B - K 2 10 Kt - K 4 11 Castles 11 Q - K 2 12 Q - Q 2 12 B - Q 2 13 QR - K sq 13 QR - K sq 14 P - KB 4 (b) 14 P - KB 4 15 Kt - Kt 3 15 B - B 4 16 Q - B 3 16 Kt - K 6 17 P x B 17 B x Kt 18 Q - K 2 18 B x B 19 R - B 3 19 P x B 20 R - Q sq 20 R - Q 3 21 R x R 21 Q x R 22 Q - B 3 22 Kt x P (c) 23 R - Q sq 23 P - KKt 4 24 Q x P 24 R - K sq 25 Q - B 6 25 P - Kt 5 26 -26 K - R sq 26 27 28 29 30 31

See Diagram

on

next page.

26 Q - Q 7 -27 p x Q Q x Q (d) 28 B - Kt 5 R - Q sq K - Kt 2 29 R - K sq 30 B x P P-B 3 31 P - B 4 (e) K-B 2 and White resigns.

(a) Mr. Bird's favourite defence.

(b) Tempting as it looks, this is the weak move of White's game. (c) This we.s BO gift.

CHESS. (d)

If

27 28

Kt x KP

16 P - R 5 17 P x P

"""QX"Q

RxQ R - K sq

16 B - K 3 17 P x P

White to make his 18th move. Ble.ck-Steinitz.

and wins. (e) R - K 8, followed by this move, W&s eque.lly good. Bia.ck to make his 26th move.

Game 25. Ruy Lopez. Played in the Vienna. Tourna­ ment of 1873.

White.

Black.

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

P - K 5 (c) Kt - Q 5 Kt - B 6 + PxB Q - KKt 3 B - QB 3 R-R 7+ B x KtP Q-K 3 Q-B5

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Q - K sq Q-B 2 B x Kt B - B 4 (d) Q x RP K-B 2 K - K sq B-K 5 P-Q 4 Resigns.

(a) The correct move, which gives White the superiority e.t once. (b) He has no good move, but the present e.nd following move only assist White to develop a formidable e.tte.ck. (c) This is decisive. If the Bishop be played to B 4, e. deadly check with the Queen on Q 5 follows. (d) It is obvious that if Q x P, B - QB 3 would be fe.te.l.

J. H. Blackburne. Herr Steinitz. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 3 KKt - K 2 4 P -Q 4 (a) 4 PxP 5 Kt x P 5 Kt x Kt 6 Q x Kt 6 Kt - B 3 7 Q-Q 5 7 B-K 2 Game 26. 8 Kt - B 3 8 B-B 3 Ruy Lopez. 9 B-Q 2 9 Castles the Vienna. Congress at Played 10 Castles (QR) 10 P - QR 3 in 1882. 11 P - Q 3 11 B - K 2 Bio.ck. White. 12 P - KKt 3 (b) 12 P - B 4 J. H. Bla.ckburne. Herr Steinitz. 13 B - Kt 2 13 Q - Q 3 14 P - KR 4 14 P - KR 4 , 1 P-K 4 1 P- K 4 15 P x P 15 P - KKt 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt -- QB 3

THE R UY LOPEZ.

39

P - QR 3 Game 27. KKt - K 2 Ruy Lopez. PxP Kt.x Kt Played in the Nuremberg •rour­ P - QKt 4 nament of 1883. P-Q 3 White. Black. P - QB 4 J. H. Blackburne. V. Hruby. B - Kt 2 1 P-K 4 1 P- K 4 Q-Q 2 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 P - B 5 (a) 3 Kt - B 3 3 B - Kt 5 Kt - Kt 3 4 P - Q 3 (a) 4 P - Q 3 B-K 2 5 B- Q 2 5 Kt - B 3 Castles(KR) 6 P - KR 3 6 Castles QR - K sq 7 P - KKt 3 7 B-K 3 B - Q sq 8 Q-Q 2 8 B - Kt 2 P -- B 3 9 P-R 3 9 QR - Q sq P-Q 4 10 Kt - KKt 5 10 B - R 4 RP x P 11 Kt - K 2 11 Kt - Q 5 PxP 12 B - QB 3 12 B - Kt 3 Q - QB 2 13 Kt - Kt 4 13 B - Q 2 R-K 4 14 P - QR 4 14 P - QR 3 15 P - R 5 15 Kt - Q 5 Black to m&ke his 24th move. 16 B - R 2 16 B - K 3 17 P - B 4 17 P - QB 4 18 Kt - B 3 18 P - B 4 19 P - B 5 19 Q - B 2 20 B - Q 2 20 B - B sq 21 P - KKt 4 21 Q - K 2 22 Kt - Kt 5 22 B - K 3 23 P - R 3 23 Kt - KB 3 (b)

3 B - Kt 5 4 B-R 4 5 P-Q 4 6 Kt x P 7 Q x Kt 8 B - Kt 3 9 P - QB 3 10 Q - Q sq 11 Castles 12 R - K sq 13 B - B 2 14 Kt - Q 2 15 Kt - B sq 16 Q - R 5 17 Kt - Kt. 3 18 Kt - B 5 19 P - QR 4 20 RP x P 21 B - K 3 (b) 22 QR - Q sq 23 Q - R 3 (c) 24 R - Q 7

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

--

White to make his 24th move. Ble.ck-Hruby.

White-Blackburne.

24 -24 Q x R 25 Kt - R 6 + and wins.

(a) Steinitz, in his Mockrn Chess In­

structor,

rem&rks th&t this is weak because it m&kee Q 4 accessible to the hostile pieces. (b) " An excellent sacrifice of a P&wn' which well repe.ys," so.ye Steinitz. (c) Black fe.iled to fe.thom the com­ bin&tion which begins here.

White-Ble.ckburne.

40

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

CHESS.

P - Q 4 (c) 24 KKt x QP 25 26 P-K 5 KtP x P 27 QxP 28 KR - K sq 29 Kt x P 30 31 Q -R 2 32 B-Q 2 B - Kt 4 33 Q-Q 6 34 Q-B 7 35 Kt - Kt 5 (d) 36 Kt x Q 37 R - Q 8 + 38 Kt - K 8 + 39 40 Kt x B + 41 B x Kt 42 RxR B - Kt sq + 43 B - B 8 + 44 B - Kt 4

BP x P P x Kt P-B 6 PxP B x RP K - B sq Q - K sq B-Q 2 KKt - Kt sq B - KB 3 R-R 3 Q - B sq QxQ B-B 4 K - Kt 2 K-R 2 R x Kt R-K 3 BxR K - Kt 2 K-B 2 Resigns.

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

(a) It is now usual to Castle at this point and let Black take the Pawn. (b) He has weakened both wings and cannot now make an advancing move to any purpose. (c) The aforesaid reason makes this advance as wise as it is bold. (d) White's pieces are all in full action now, and Black's game is lost.

B - KB 4 Kt - Q 4 P x Kt Kt - B 3 B x KP P x Kt Q-K 2 P - QR 4 RP x P R-R 6 B-B 2 KR - R sq P-B 4 BP x B QxB Q-Q 2 Q-K 3 R-R 8 R x R+ R - R sq (d) P-R 3 R - K sq

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Castles Kt x Kt P - KB 3 PxP Kt x Kt Q-Q 2 QR - K sq (b) P-B 4 RP x P P-B 5 B - KB 4 B-B 3 KB x B BxB Q - Kt 5 (c) P-R 4 R-B 5 RxR K-R2 P - Kt 5 Q - Kt 4 (e) PxP

White to make his 32nd move. Black-Zukertort.

Game 28. Ruy Lopez. Played in the match with Herr Zukertort in 1887. White.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 4 Castles 5 P-Q 4 6 B-R 4 7 B - Kt 3 8 PxP 9 P-B 3

Black.

Herr Zukertort. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - B 3 4 Kt x P 5 P - QR 3 6 P - QKt 4 7 P-Q 4 8 B - K 3 (a) 9 B-K 2

White-Blackburne.

32 33 34 35

P - K 6 (f) P-K 7 QxQ K-B 2

32 P - B 7 33 R - K 5 (g) 34 R x R + Resigns.

(a) This is not now considered a good defence as it leaves a weakness on the Queen's side.

THE R UY LOPEZ. (b) Quite in Zukertort's style ; but he does not take into account the weak­ ness on his Queen's side. (c) Threatening P - Kt 5. P-R 3 (d) If 29 Q-Q B+ K-R 2 30 R - B B and White's game is lost. (e) The losing move. (/) The beginning of a decisive com­ bination. (g) If (says the Field) Black had played here R - B B + , the following pretty variation might have occurred :­ KxR 34 Q x Q· RxQ 3 5 P-Quee.n 's + R - K sq 36 Q - B .5-+ K - Kt sq 37 Q x P + K - R sq 38 and wins. ·

I

18 19 20 21 22 Game 29. 23 24 Ruy Lopez. 25 26 Played in the Match of 1887. 27 Black. White. J. H. Bla.ckburne. Herr Zukertort. 28 29 1 P -K 4 1 P-K 4 30 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 31 3 B - Kt 5 3 P - QR 3 32 4 Kt - B 3 4 B-R 4 33 5 P-Q 3 5 P-Q 3 34 6 P - KKt 3 6 Kt - B 3 35 7 Castles 7 P - QKt 4 (a) 36 8 B - Kt 5 8 B - Kt 3 37 9 Kt - Q 5 (b) 9 Kt - Q 5 (c) 38 See Diagrarn on next column. 39 40 10 Kt x Kt 10 B x Q 41 11 Kt x Kt (d) 11 Kt - B 6 42 12 Kt x Q 12 R x Kt 43 13 P x Kt 13 B - Kt 5 44 14 B - Kt 2 (e) 14 P - QR 4 45 15 p x p 15 p x p 46 16 R - QB sq 16 R - R 7 47 17 B - Q 2 17 B - B 3

White to make his 10th move. Black-Zukertort.

White-Blackburne.

B - B 3 (/) KR - R sq P - B 3 (g) K - B sq K-K 2 B - Kt 4 R - Kt 7 KR - R 7 BxP RxB R x R (h) P - Kt 4 R x RP (i) P-B 3 R - QKt 7 RxP B-R4 K-K 3 P - QB 4 (j) P - Kt 4 B - Q sq P - Q 4 (k) K-Q 3 B-B 2 B-R 4 B - Q sq B - B 2 (l) P-B 5 RxP P - Kt 5

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

P - KKt 4 B - Q sq B-Q 2 Castles P - KB 3 B-K 2 R-B 2 B - Q sq PxB RxR B-B2 K - B sq K - K sq B - Q sq R-B 2 R - KR 2 RxP+ K-Q 2 K - B sq R-R 7 R - QKt 7 P x P+ B-B 2 K - Q sq R - QR 7 R - QKt 7 K - B sq PxP K - Q sq

--

42

CHESS. Black to m&ke his 47th move. Black-Zukertort.

White-Blackburne.

47 -48 R - B 6 49 K - B 4 50 B - B 5 51 P - Q 6 52 K x P 53 R - B 7 (n) 54 K - Q 5 55 K - K 6 56 R - B 8 +

47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55

B - Kt 3 (m) RxP R - Kt 7 B-R4 R - Kt sq K - K sq R - Kt 7 R-Q 7+ B - Kt 3 Resigns.

(a) B - Kt 2, followed by B - Q 2, as played by Zukertort against Englisch in the 1888 tournament, is preferable. (b) Taking advantage of Black's 7th move. (c) Overlooking White's reply. He ought to have continued with B - Kt 2. (d) If Black attempts to save his Queen, then Kt x Kt mate. (e) Black has no means of preventing the opening of the Rook's file, for if P - Kt 5 White plays P - R 5 and the Knight's Pawn will fa.11. U) It would perhaps have been better to win the Pawn as follows :R - Kt 7 18 B - Q 2 R - R sq 19 Ce.sties KR - R 7 20 B - Q eq B-R 5 21 -&Dd Black cannot s&ve the P&wD.

(g) White could still have proceeded

a.s in the previous note.

(h) White ha.a won the Pawn, but the Bishops &re on different colours and Black- ha.a dr&wing chances. (i) The capture of this Pawn loses time. Better have continued with P - QB 4. (j) White gains nothing by the dis­ covered check. (k) The only way to get the King into play. (l) White has gained a move. Bia.ck must now alter his position. (m) B - Q 3 would have given more chances of a draw. (n) R - B B + , followed by P - Q 7 + , would have been more decisive.

Game 30. Ruy Lopez. Played in the Match of 1887. White.

Black.

J. H. Bla.ckburne. J. H. Zukertort. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 3 Kt - B 3 4 PxP 4 P-Q 4 5 P � QR 3 5 Castles 6 B-K 2 6 B-R 4 7 Castles 7 R - K sq (a) 8 Kt - K sq 8 P-K 5 9 Kt x Kt 9 Kt x P 10 P - KB 3 10 Q x Kt 11 P x P 11 B - B 4 12 B - B 3 12 B x KP 13 P - Q 3 13 Kt - Q 2 14 Kt x B 14 B x B 15 P - B 4 15 Kt - B 3 16 K - R sq 16 B - Kt 3 + 17 P - QKt 4 17 Q - KR 4 18 B x B 18 B - K 6 19 Q - Q 2 19 R x B 20 QR - Q sq 20 Q - R 3 (b) 21 -21 R - Q sq See Diagram, on next page.

21 -22 Kt - Kt 5 23 Kt - K 4

21 Q - KB 2 (c) 22 Q - Kt 3 23 P - Q 4

43

THE R UY LOPEZ.

Position after White's 21st move. Ble.ck-Zukertort.

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

PxP PxB K - Kt 2 R - R sq Kt x P K - B sq (d) Q-Q 2 P - KR 4

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

B x Kt B - Q 3+ Kt - R 4 QR - K sq Kt B 5 + R-K 4 R-R 4

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

-21 Q - K 2 22 R x P R - K sq R - KKt sq 23 Q - Q 2 Kt � 6 (e) 24 P x Kt 25 Q - K 2 PxP 26 R - B 4 R-K 4 K - K sq 27 R - KKt 4 (/) R - B sq 28 Q - B 3 29 R - K 4 K - Q sq P-Q 4 30 R x R 31 B - K 2 PxR P-K 5 32 Q - B 4 Q - R 5 (g) 33 Kt x P Q x RP 34 R x P + 35 Q - B 6 + B-Q 3 36 B - Kt 4 + K - B sq K - Kt sq 37 R x B and White resigns.

-

--

24 Kt x Kt 24 R x Kt 25 R x R 25 Q x R Given up as a. draw.

�a�

The usual continuation is P - K 5. b Threatening R x Kt, etc. If White plays R x P, Bia.ck exchanges, and then Q x P with the superior game. c A good move.

Game 31. Ruy Lopez.

White-Lee.

Played in the Tournament of the B.C.A. of 1888. Black. White. F. J. Lee. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - B 3 3 B - Kt 5 4 P-Q 3 4 P-Q 3 5 Kt - B 3 5 B K2 6 Castles 6 B - Kt 5 7 Castles 7 B-K 3 8 B - QB 4 (a) 8 Q - Q 2 9 P - KR 3 9 B-R 4 lO K - R sq (b) 10 P - R 3 (a) White has played the opening very 11 K - R 2 11 Kt - Q 5 tamely. Bia.ck ha.s already a. superior 12 B x Kt 12 P x B development. 13 Kt - K 2 (c) 13 P - Q 4 (b) White.ha.vingwa.sted severe.I moves, -

CHESS.

44

Black thinks he can also give a " safety miss ''. (c) Better to have retreated to Kt sq and then brought it to Q 2. (d) Although two Pawns· ahead, his position is hopeless. (e) The only move to prolong the game. (!) Q - Kt 4 , followed by Q - Kt 7, is the shorter way. (g) Immediately fatal. Taking the Queen out of the game.

Black to make his 26th move. Black-Bia.ck burne.

Game 32. Ruy Lopez. Played at the New York Tourna­ ment in 1889. White.

Bia.ck.

Herr Taubenhaus. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 B - Kt 5 3 Kt - B 3 4 Castles 4 P-Q 3 5 B-K 2 5 Kt - B 3 6 P-Q 4 6 PxP 7 B-Q2 7 Kt x P 8 Kt x Kt 8 P x Kt 9 B-Q 3 9 Castles 10 P - KR 3 10 Kt - K sq 11 Kt - K 2 11 B - B 3 12 P - QB 3 12 P - Kt 3 13 P - KB 4 13 R - Kt sq 14 Kt - Q 4 14 Kt - Kt 2 15 Kt - B 3 15 P - Q 4 16 P - K 5 16 B - K 2 17 Q - B·2 17 B - KB 4 18 P - KKt 4 18 B x B 19 Q x B 19 P - KB 4 20 Kt - Q 4 (a) 20 B - B 4 21 B x Kt 21 K - Kt 2 (b) 22 P x B 22 Kt - K 3 23 R - B 2 23 R - Kt 5 24 B - K 3 24 P x P 25 P x P 25 Q - R 5 (c) 26 Q - Q sq 26 --

Whi te-Ta.ubenha.us.

28 Kt x B + 28 B x R 29 R x R 29 R x Kt (e) 30 K - B sq 30 Q x P + White forfeited by time limit (j).

(a ) K- Kt 2 was perhaps better. (b) He should have shut out Queen with 21 P - Kt 5. (c) Now the attack comes into hands of Black. (d) This is decisive. (e) He has nothing better. (!) Though White forfeited by time rule, he might as well have signed. His game was hopeless.

the the

the re­

Game 33. Ruy Lopez. Played in the New Tournament in 1889. White.

Amos Burn. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 4 Castles See Diagram on nea;t column. fJ P - Q 4 26 P -- B 4 6 Kt x P 26 27 P x P 27 QR x BP (d) I 7 Kt - QB 3

York

Bia.ck.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - B g 4 P-Q 3 5 PxP 6 B-Q2 7 B-K 2

45

THE R UY LOPEZ.

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

B-K 3 B-K 2 B - B 3 (a) B - lrt 5 B - B sq (b) P - KKt 3 Q x Kt Q - Q sq R - K sq B - Kt 2 Q - Q 3 (c) B-Q 2 P - B 3 (d) Q - B sq QR - Q sq (e)

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Castles R - K sq B - KB sq P -.KR 3 P - KKt 4 Kt x Kt B - Kt 2 B -B 3 Q-Q 2 R-K 2 QR - K sq Kt - Kt 5 Kt - K 4 P-Q 4

-Black to make his 22nd move. Bla.ck-Blackburne.

have formed a strong centre and ma.de ready for an advance on the King's side. (b) Here the Bishop obstructs the action of the Rook and serves no good purpose. (c) He might as well have played this instead of move 15, and thus 5aved time. (d) A weak move. Closing in the Bishop and driving the Knight to a better square. (e) Mr. Steinitzremarksof this : "Very feasible but for the deep and ingenious countermine which the opponent springs upon him. He had, however, also a bad game after " 22 P x P BxP Kt x B 23 Q x Kt " 24 B -- B S ' etc. " Kt - B S (f) The same commentator remarks : " Very fine play, and leading to a still more beautiful surprise ". (g) R x Q would be ruinous. (h) And again : " A splendid master roup of the highest ingenuity ". (i) Bia.ck gets a strong Pawn that wins in a few moves. "

-­

Game 34. Ruy Lopez. Played in the Manchester Tour­ nament of 1890. White.

White-Burn.

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

--

BxP B - R sq (g) RxR B-K 3 Q x Kt QxB K-B2 RxQ R - KR 4 Kt - K 4 KxP and White

22 p x p (!) 23 P x P 24 Kt - Q 6 (h) 25 B - Q 5 + 26 R x R 27 R x B 28 R - K 8 + 29 Q x Q + 30 R x B 31 R - QB 8 32 R x P + 33 P - B 4 resigns (i)

(a) P - B 4 followed by this move was stronger and more natural. It would

Black.

Mr. Gossip. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 3 P - B 4 (a) 4 P - Q 3 (b) 4 P-Q 3 5 Kt - B 3 5 PxP 6 B-K 2 6 Kt - R 4 7 Castles 7 B - Kt 5 8 B x QKt 8 PxB 9 Kt - QB 3 9 R - Kt sq 10 P - QKt 3 (c) 10 Q - K sq 11 -11 P - KKt 4 11 12 13 14

See Diagram on next pnge. 11 Kt - Q 4 --

Kt - K 4 (d) 12 B x B 13 Kt - B 5 Kt x B Q-Q 2 14 P - B 4

CHESS. Bl&ck to me.ke his 11th move. Bla.ck-Bl&ckbume.

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Kt x P Castles B-Q 2 B - B 3 (c) P-B 4 Kt - Q 2 Q-K 2 Q-B 4+ Kt - K 6 Q xB Q-Q 5 Q-B 4

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

B-Q 2 P - Kt 3 B - Kt 2 P-B 3 Kt - R 3 Castles P - QB 4 R-B 2 B x Kt Q-Q 2 P-B 3 --

Bl&ck to me.ke his 18th move.

15 16 17 18 19

Castles (QR) 15 Q - B 3 KR - K sq 16 P - QR 4 17 R - R sq Q x P (e) Q-B 3 18 R x RP Kt - K 4 19 Kt - Q 4 20 Q - R 3 20 Q - Q 2 21 Q - R 4 21 Q - Kt 5 22 Kt - Q 2 22 Q - R 6 + and White resigns.

a {c)

( ) It has not yet been proved that this defence leads to a. lost game. (b) Q - K 2 iii probably the correct play. R QKt sq is the better defence. cl) If B x B, a :piece is won by Kt x Kt. e) After this his game is lost.

18 B - B sq 18 19 Kt - Kt 5 19 B x P (d) 20 P - K 5 20 P - Q 4 21 Kt x B 21 Q - K 2 22 P x Kt 22 R x P Game 35. 23 QR - K sq 23 P - B 5 Ruy Lopez. 24 P - KKt 3 24 R - Kt sq 25 P x P P - Kt 3 25 Played in the Belfast Tourna· 26 RP x P 26 B - Kt 5 ment of 1892. 27 R - Q sq 27 R - K 3 Black. White. 28 Q - Kt 4 (e) J. H. Blackburne. and a draw was accepted on Mr. J. Mason. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 Ma.son's proposal. 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 (a) Anderssen considered this the best 3 P - QR 3 3 B - Kt 5 line of play when the P - Q 3 defence 4 P-Q 3 4 B-R 4 was adopted, and perhaps he was right. 5 B x Kt + (a) 5 P x B (b) Here Anderssen advised P - Q 3. (c) Three.tening Kt x BP. 6 P - Q 4 (b) 6 P x P -

47

THE R UY LOPEZ. (d) Only the loa.n of e. Pe.wn. (e) Perhaps he might he.ve ta.ken the RP with safety, but as the dre.w secured him a prize he was right not to risk anything. I 8.ccepted the dre.w as i' made no dillerence to me, e.nd I thought I he.d none the best of the position.

White to make his 21st move. Black-Blackbume.

Game 36. Ruy Lopez. Played at the Hastings TournaI ment in 1895. Black.

White.

Mr. Lasker. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P- K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 P-Q 3 3 B - Kt 5 4 B-Q 2 4 P-Q 4 5 PxP 5 · Kt - B 3 6 Kt x Kt 6 Kt x P 7 BxB 7 Q x Kt (a) 8 Kt - K 2 (b) 8 Kt x B 9 Kt - B 3 9 Castles 10 P - QR 3 10 Q - B 3 (c) 11 Kt - R 3 (d) 1 1 Q - B 3 (e) 12 Castles (/) 12 Q - QKt 3 13 P - QB 4 (g) 13 R - K sq 14 Q - Kt 3 14 R - K sq 15 B - Q 2 (h) 15 B - K 2 (i) 16 Q - B 2 16 B - B 3 17 QR - Kt sq 17 B - Q 5 (J) 18 Kt - K 4 18 P - QKt 4 19 R - K 2 (k) 19 Kt - B 6 + 20 Kt x P (l) 20 K - R sq 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28

29 30 31 32

White-Lasker.

33 34 35 36

P - Kt 5 Q - Kt 4 (v) Kt x P R - Kt 2

33 34 35 36

P-R 5 PxP P-R6

--

Black to make his 36th move. Black-Blackburne.

See Diagram on ne;d column.

B - B 4 (m) B - Kt 3 Q-Q 3 QxB Q-R 3+ P-B 3 R-Q 2 K - Kt eq Q-R 4 R-Q 5 Q - Kt 3 BP x R

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Kt - Kt 5 (n) B - K 4 (o) B x B (p) Kt - B 3 (q) K - Kt eq Kt - R 4 (T) R-K 4 Kt - B 5 (s) Kt - K 3 (t) Kt - Kt 4 RxR P - KR 4 (u)

White-Lasker.

36 37 38 39 40 41 42

-RxP K - B eq P-K 5 R-R 2 R x Kt (y) K - Kt 2

36 37 38 39 40 41 42

P x P (w) Kt - R 6 + Q-B3 p x p (a:) P-K 5 Q-R 8+ P x P+

CHESS. 43 K - Kt 3 44 K x P

43 Q - K 4 + 44 Q x P +

White resigns (�). (a) Dr. Tarre.sch ma.de & very full &n&lysis of this game, &nd I give &n &bridgment of his notes. B x B + ought to h&ve been pl&yed first. (b) Bl&ck he.s freed his g&me through these exchanges. (c) Wishing to prevent the develop­ ment of the Bishop. (d) If Kt - Q 4 the &&me counter move would follow. (el The doubled P&wn would be no White's ch&nces of di.s&dvant&ge. &tta.ck &re now a.bout nil. He should h&ve exchanged rather than move his Queen &we.y. (/) Black is now better developed, e.nd soon proceeds to e.tta.ck. (g) This weakens Q 4, but other moves give no better result for White. (h) White gives up the Pawn. If he tried to strengthen it with P- B 3, P - B 4 would renew the attack. (i) Black could ea.sily take the Pawn. After 1 5 RxP RxR 16 Q x R R - K sq 17 Q - B 4 R-K 8+ 18

anii White gets a.n attack which no sooner begins than it is ended. (j) Black has played a.dmirs.bly with the King's Bishop, which is now in a.n attacking position. (k) A mistake. The Rook stands here unguarded. R - QKt 3 wa.s a. powerful defensive move. (l) Dr. Tarra.sch gives the following variation to show that here the go.me might h&ve been decided :20 21 22 23 24

Q R4 P - R 3 (a) Kt - Kt 8 P - Kt 4 Q x P+ K x Kt QxP+ K - B sq Q-R6+

K - Kt sq R K 8 , eto. ; R - K sq or if 22 Kt x P P x Kt 23 QxP+ K - Kt sq , etc. ; 24 R-K 3 or if (a) B-B 4 21 B - K 4 BxB 22 RxB P-R S 23 Kt - Q 5 &nd wins the Rook. (m) If K x Kt, the Queen checks, winning the Rook. (n) Thre&tening R x P. (o) Dr. Tarra.sch thinks I might have won the brillia.ncy prize by 25

22

_

Q - R 4+

K - Kt sq R - K 3 (threa.tening R - R S) R (a.t K 2) - K sq 24 B x P+ BxB 25 R-R3 K - B sq 26 R and wins ; -B 3 or if R-Q 2 24 B x P + BxB 25 R - R 3 K - B sq 26 R - B 3 and wins. (p) He gives other variations to show that Q - R 4 + led to a. winning &ttack. (q) R x P cannot be played on account of RxR 25 QxR P-B 3 26 23

(r) R - K 4 would have been better. (s) Q - Kt 4 wa.s better now. Threa.t­

ening the Rook and also the Knight by Q - K 6+ . (t) White seems to be getting out of his difficulties. (u.) Reviving the attack. (v) The only squa.re whereon the Queen does not get lost through the Knight checking.

49

THE HUY LOPEZ. (w) Dr. Te.rrasch thinks I should he.ve first e.tte.cked the Rook with Q - B 3. He would he.ve he.d to ple.y it to Kt eq to gue.rd age.inst P - R 7 + e.nd Q - R 8 + . · (x) If 39 QxP 46 Q x KtP.

White to make their 18th move. Black-Steinitz and Schiffers.

•

'

(y) A temporary se.crifice of the Knight. (z) Bia.ck ce.n now che.nge off pieces with three Pe.wns to the good. Game 37.

Ruy Lopez. Played during the Nuremberg Tournament in 1896.

White-Blackburne and Pillsbury.

Black.

White.

J. H. Blackburne. Herr Steinitz. Mr. Pillsbury. Herr Schiffers. 1 P-K 4 1 P -- K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 3 B-B 4 4 P-B 3 4 Q -B 3 5 P-Q 4 5 PxP 6 Q - Kt 3 6 P-K 5 7 PxP 7 B - Kt 5 + (a) 8 P-Q 4 8 Kt - B 3 9 Castles 9 Kt - K 2 10 Q - Kt 3 10 B x Kt 11 P x B 11 P - QR 3 (b) 12 B x Kt + 12 Q x B 13 B - R 3 13 Kt - Kt 3 14 QR - Kt sq 14 P - QKt 3 15 KR - K sq 15 B - B 4 (c) 16 QR - B sq 16 B - Q 6 17 R - K 3 17 Kt - B 5

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28 R x P 29 R - K sq 30 Q - B 2 31 R - K 6 32 R x BP 33 R - B 8 34 P x R (Q) 35 B x R 36 P - Kt 3 37 P x Kt 38 P - B 5 39 Q - KKt 2 40 P x P 41 Q - Kt 3 42 P - Kt 5 43 P - B 6 44 K - Kt 2 45 K - R 3 46 K - R 4 47 K x P 48 K - Kt 4 49 K - B 4 50 K - B 5 51 P - Kt 6

See Diagram on next column.

P-K 6 QR - K sq Kt - R 4 R x B (e) Kt - B 5 P-B 3 Kt - Kt 7 + Q - B 2 (/) Q-K 4 P-K 7

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

P - B 3 (d) B-K 5 P - KKt 4 PxR P-K 6 Q - Kt 4 K - Q sq Kt - Q 4 K - B sq K - Kt 2

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

K-R 2 QR - K sq (g) Q-B 5 Kt - B 5 QR - KKt sq RxR RxQ Q-B 2 QxB Q x Kt P - Kt 5 P - KR 4 Q-K 2 K - Kt sq Q-K 5 Q - Kt 8 + Q x P+ Q-K 3+ Q-K 5+ Q-R 2+ Q-Q 2+ Q-B 2 Q - R 2+ Resigns.

(a) When he first tried this defence Steinitz used to ple.y 1

I

I

7 :kt - QP 8 Kt x Kt Q - Kt 3' regaining the piece, with a pawn throwrt

50

in.

GAMES A T CHESS. Mr.

Pillsbury showed by analysis

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

that this line of play is weak. (b) Castling was probably better. (c) Obviously better �han B - Kt 2. (d) If -18 P xP Kt - K 5 19

20 21

Q - Kt 4

Kt x B Kt x Kt R x P+

with a winni u g advantage. (e) AUl10ugh the sacrifice is forced, it involves no di�advantage. (/) Better than winning back the exchange by P - K 7 + . (g) They may as well give back the exchange gracefully. They cannot retain it.

Game 38.

Ruy Lopez.

Played in the Berlin Tournament in 1897. White.

Mr. Teichmann. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B - Kt 5 4 B-R 4 5 P-Q 4 6 P - B 3 (a) 7 Castles 8 R - K sq 9 QKt - Q 2 IO P x P 11 Kt - B sq 12 P x P (c) 13 B - B 2 14 Kt - Kt 3 15 B - K 3 16 R - KB sq 17 B - Kt 3 18 P - KR 3 19 R - B sq 20 B - R 4 21 B - Kt 3 22 P - R 3 23 Kt - B 5 24 Kt x B 25 B - K sq

,J.

Black.

H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 P - QR 3 4 P-Q 3 5 B-Q 2 6 Kt - B 3 7 B - K 2 (b) 8 Castles 9 PxP IO P - R 3 11 P - Q 4 12 KKt x P 13 B - KKt 5 14 Kt - B 3 (d) 15 B - Kt 5 16 Q - Q 4 17 Q - Q 2 18 B - K 3 (e) 19 Kt - Q 4 20 P - QKt 4 21 P - B 3 22 B - Q 3 (f) 23 QKt - K 2 24 Q x Kt 25 B - B 2

56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66

Q -B 2 Kt - Q 2 Kt - K 4 Kt - B 5 Q-Q 3 B-Q 2 B-R 2 B x Kt P - KKt 3 BxB+ Q-K 2 Q-R 5 RxR RxR Kt - Q 3 (g) Q -B 3 K - Kt 2 Kt - Kt 4 Q-K 3 P - R 4 (h) Q - QB 3 Q x Q+ Kt - R 2 Kt - B 3 ( i) P x Kt P-B 3 K-B 2 K - Kt 2 K-R 3 PxP K - Kt 2 U)

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

QR - B sq P-B 3 Q-B 2 P - QR 4 KR - K sq P-R 5 Kt - B 5 QxB Q - Kt sq KxB Kt - Kt 3 R x R+ R - K sq QxR K - Kt sq Q-K 3 Kt - K 2 Q-B 5 K-B 2 Kt - B 4 Kt x QP PxQ Kt - Kt 4 Kt x Kt K-K 3 K-B 4 P-R 4 P - Kt 4 K-K 4 PxP --

See Diayram on ncd page. 56 K -·K 3 --

57 K - B 3 K-R 2 K - Kt 2 58 K - Kt 3 K-R 2 59 P - R 5 K-R 3 60 P x P KxP 61 K - B 4 K - B 2 (k) 62 K - B 5 K-K 2 63 K - Kt 6 K-K 3 64 P - B 4 K-K 2 65 K - Kt 7 K-K 3 66 K - B 8 and White resigns.

(a) White derives no advantage from

this move. Better to play Kt - B 3 or

I

Ce.sties. (b) Safer than Kt x KP. In that case White would regain the Pawn, with a strong attack, by Q - K 2 or R - K sq.

THE R UY L OPEZ. Black to make his 56th move.

Game 39.

Black,.-Bla.ckbume.

Ruy Lopez. Played in the London Tourna­ ment of 1899. White.

(c) Better than P - K 5. (d) Dangerous to have taken the Kt White would have retaken with the Pawn, and afterwards obtained possession of the KKt file. (e) Again B x Kt would lead to no advantage. (/) B - R 4 would perhaps have been better. (g) The obvious P - Q 5 would lead to nothing, Black's reply being Q - K 4. (h) This is not a good move. Q - QB 3 is certainly better, but even then Black retains the advantage. (i) Hoping to get a drawn Pawn position. (j) Says the Field : " Everybody, Teichmann included, considered the ending in the position upon the diagram as d rawn except Blackbume ". (k) It was thought that K - Kt 2 would have drawn, but the following demon­ strates that Black wins just the same :­ K - Kt 2 62 K - B 5 K-B 2 63 P - B 4 K - K 2 (best) 64 K - Kt 6 K-K 3 65 K - R 6 (the winning move) K - Q 2 (best) 66 K -. R 7 and. wherever White moves, Black takes the opposition and wins as in the text. A very instructive end game. .

,

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Black.

E. Lasker. J. H. Blackbume. P-K4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 Kt -"KB 3 B - Kt 5 3 P-Q 3 4 B-Q 2 P-Q 4 5 Kt - Kt sq P - Q 5 (a) 6 B-K 2 B-Q 3 Kt - B 3 7 Kt - KB 3 Kt - K 2 8 P-B 3 9 Kt - R 3 P-B 4 10 Kt - B 4 Kt - Kt 3 11 P - QKt4(b) B-B 2 P - Kt 4 12 Kt - Kt 2 QP x P 13 B x P PxP 14 B x KtP P - QR 4 15 B - Q 2 (c) Castles 16 P - Kt 3 P-R 3 1 7 P - KR 4 (d) B-K 3 18 P - R 4 (e) P - Kt 5 19 R - QB sq 20 Kt - B 4 R - B sq Kt - Q 2 (!) 21 P - R 5 Kt - K 2 22 --

Black to make his 22nd move. Black-Blackburne. �---

,

White- -Lasker.

52

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

GAMES A T CHESS. --

BxP B x P (h) B - Kt 3 R - K sq Kt - B sq R - Kt sq Kt - B 3 (i) Kt - Q 5 P-B 3

22 23 24 2526 27 28 29 30 31

P - Kt 4 (g) R - KKt sq B x RP B-K 3 Kt - Kt 5 B - Kt 4 R - KR sq B - KB 5 Q - Kt 4 --

Black to make his 31st move. Bla.ck-Bla.okburne.

31 32 33 34 35

36 Q - Q 7 36 P x B 37 KR x Kt 37 Q x B 38 Q x BP 38 QR - B sq 39 R - Q sq 39 -Kt - Kt 6 40 Kt - B 4 40 Kt - Kt 2 41 Q - B 5 41 Kt - K 3 42 Q x RP 42 K - B 2 43 Kt - B 4 43 R - B 7 44 R - Q 2 , 44 R - KR sq 45 R - B 8 + 45 K - K 2 46 R (R sq) - R 8 46 Q - Q 5 and White resigns.

(a) The usual move is Kt - B 3, but no doubt he wished to a.void the ex­ changes as in the Ha.stings game. (b) White's pieces a.re well placed for an attack on the King if Black Castles, therefore he tries to break through on the Queen's flank. (c) I might have prevented castling for a. few moves, but did not like his Kt on KB 5. (d) Going in for an attack on the King. (e) So as to have the B 4 square for the Knight later on. (/) To protect the K P. (!J) Sacrificing a. Pawn to obtain an opening for the Rook. (h) B x Kt was safer. (i) White is now in a. very d angerous position, a.nd he was perhaps also short White-Lasker. . of time. P B 4 is no uso, as H x P 31 R - R S + (J) would win. P - B 3 is his best. (j) An unexpected move, but it wins KxR 32 B x B 33 Kt - B 7 + I in every case. Kt x B (k) (k) His only move, for if R -K 2, then I K - Kt sq 34 Kt X Q I Kt - B 7 + , and if R x Kt, mate follows Kt - B 5 5) in two moves. 35 B x Kt (B -

III .-THE SCOTCH GAMBIT AND THE SCOTCH OPENING.

It happened that the little book from which I learned the moves of chess contained the famous game between Edinburgh and London which brought the Scotch into public favour, and partly for that reason it is one of my favourite methods of operating. It gives birth to the sort of position that the young player should study. He may go on playing B - Kt 5 for years and never find out what talent he has for chess, but let him venture on P - Q 4 and Kt x P and he will quickly find himself called upon to show what he is made of. In the old days it was deadly in match play, but modern analysis now enables Black to draw easily. For blindfold and simultaneous play, however, it is little, if at all, inferior to the King's Gambit itself, and in this way I have played it at least as much as any other opening. At the end my

THE SCO TCH GAMBIT AND THE SCOTCH OPENING.

53

opinion is that any one who wishes to improve his play should work hard at the Scotch. It abounds in chess, and never has been or can be a wood-shifter's opening. With the match games that follow the student will do well to follow out some of the examples in the blindfold section. In that way he wifi learn where are the many traps that this game has for the unwary. Game 40. Scotch Garnbit.

White to ma.ke his 23rd move. Black

--

Cuthbertson .

Played in the B. C. A. Tourna­ ment of 1868. White.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 P-Q 4 4 P - B 3 (a) 5 P-K5 6 PxP 7 B - QKt 5 8 QxP 9 Q-Q3 10 B - QB 4 11 P x P 12 P - B 7 + 13 B x Q 14 Kt - Kt 5 15 P - QB 4 16 P x B 17 K - Q 2 18 Kt - K 6 + 19 P x Kt 20 B - Kt 2 21 R - K sq 22 K - B 2

Black.

Mr. Cuthbertson. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 PxP 4 P-Q4 5 PxP 6 P - B 3 (b) 7 B-Q 2 8 KKt - K2 9 P - QR 3 10 B - Kt 5 White-Blackburne. 11 Q x Q to show what liberties we used to ta.ke 12 K - Q sq with the openings in the sixties. 13 B - K 3 (b) My opponent has ca.u gh t the con­ 14 B - Q 4 tagion, e.nd plays recklessly. 15 Kt - K 4 16 Kt x B + Game 41. 17 Kt - QB 4 Scotch Opening. 18 Kt x Kt 19 Kt - Q 4 Played at the residence of Mr. 20 K - K 2 Eccles on 17th June, 1875. 21 P - QKt 3 Black. White. 22 Kt - KB 5 Herr Steinitz. J. H. Blackburne. See Diagram on next column. Mr. Potter. Herr Zukertort. 23 Kt - B 3 23 Kt x KP 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 24 K x P 24 Kt - Q 5 + 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 25 R x Kt 25 B - Q 3 3 PxP 3 P-Q 4 26 QR - K sq 26 QR - K sq 4 Kt - B 3 (a) 4 Kt x P 27 R x R 27 R x R 5 Kt x Kt 5 KtP x Kt 28 R x R 28 K x R 6 P-Q 4 6 B - Q 3 (b) Resigns. 29 B x P 7 B-K 2 7 Q-K 2 8 Castles 8 Castles (a) This is e. gree.t devie.tion from the 9 R - Kt sq (c) 9 B - KB 4 ordinary me.nner of conducting e. Scotch 10 R - K sq (d) Ge.mbit now, but the ge.me is inserted 10 Kt - Q 2

GAMES AT CHESS.

54 U P-K 5

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Kt - Kt 3 B - Kt 3 P - QB 4 P-B 4 QR - K sq Q - QB 2 Kt - Q 2 P x P (en pass. ) B x R (e) Kt - K 4 Kt - Kt 3 P - QR 3

24 B - Q 2 25 R - K sq

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

B - B sq Kt - Q 2 P - QB 4 P-Q 5 :R - Kt 3 Kt - Kt sq P - Kt 3 P - KB 4 RxR QxP Q-K 2 Kt - B 3 B - KKt 2

24 B - Q 2 25 Q - B sq

(j)

White to me.ke their 26th move. Black-Steinitz and Potter"

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

P - Kt 4 26 P - QB 5 27 PxP 28 29 "R x R P - Kt 5 30 Q-R 2+ 31 32 QxP P - Kt 6 33 Q-R 8 34 Q xB+ 35 Q - B 7 and wins.

P x P (g) R - Kt sq R - K sq BxR Kt - Q sq K - R sq Kt - K 3 Q x QBP Q x KtP Kt covers

(a) A defence proposed by Dr. Schmid, e.nd this was one of the first games of any importance in which it was adopte d .

( b) Quite e.s good e.s Kt - B 3.

(c) R - K sq was better. II R x P, then P - K 5 and Kt - Kt 3, winning the exchange. �e) It was thought afterwards that R x R was stronger. (f) Ela.ck could have played Q - K 6 + , ancl if K - R sq, then R x P, followed by Q x KB, and, though the exchange be­ hind, he.ve at lea.st e.n even game. (g) Throwing away all cha.nee of draw­ ing. P - QR 3 and they might have struggled on, though White still retained their advantage.

(d)

Game 42. Scotch Opening. Played in the Divan Tournament in 1876. White.

Black.

The Rev. J. H. Blackburne. G.A.Macdonnell. 1 P -· K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 PxP 3 P-Q 4 4 Kt x P 4 B-B 4 5 Kt - Kt 3 (a) 5 B - Kt 3 6 Kt - B 3 6 Kt - B 3 (b) 7 P - KR 3 7 B - KKt 5 8 Q-K 2 8 B-R 4 9 P - Kt 4 9 B-Q 3 10 B - Kt 3 10 P - Q 4 11 B - Kt 5 11 Castles 12 Q - Q 2 12 Castles (QR) 13 Kt x P 13 P x P 14 B - B 5 + (c) 14 B x B 15 Kt x Kt 15 Q - K 5 16 Kt x B + 16 RP x Kt 17 Q - B 3 17 Q x P 18 B - K 3 18 Q - B 6 19 P - Kt 5 19 P - B 4 20 P - B 5 20 B - Q 4 (d) 21 Q - K 5 21 R - B 2 22 P - R 4 (e) 22 R - QB sq 23 Kt - Q 2 23 Q - K sq 24 25 26 27

See Diagrmn

on

next page.

P - Kt 4 (/) 24 R - Q 2 25 Kt - Kt sq P - Kt 5 26 Q - Q sq (g) Q x KtP 27 R - K sq Q-R 5

THE SCOTCH GAMBIT AND THE SCO TCH OPENING. White t o make his 24th move.

55

Game 43.

Blo.ck-Me.cdonnell.

Scotch Opening. Played in the Paris Tournament in 1878. Bl ack.

White.

J. H. Bla.ckburne. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 P-Q 4 4 Kt x P 5 B-K3 6 P - QB 3 7 B - QB 4 8 Castles 9 PxB White-Bla.okburne. 10 Kt - B 3 11 P - B 4 28 P - Kt 6 28 QR - K 2 12 Q - Q 2 29 P x P 29 R - K 8 + 13 B - Q 3 80 R - B sq 80 R x R + 14 P - K 5 81 Kt x R Resigns. 15 Q - KB 2 (a) A suggestion of mine, and played 16 QR - B sq occasiona.lly, but not so good as the 17 Kt - R 4 usual B - K 3. 18 R - B 3 (b) Zukertort played KKt - K 2. 19 P - QKt 3 (c) This loses e. Pawn. Kt x Kt was 20 KR - B sq bettei:. 21 Q - B sq (d) The capture of the Knigh t was 22 P - QR 3 quit e safe. (e) Again, B x Kt gives Black an 23 KR - B 2 24 Q - B sq advantage. 25 B-B 2 (/) White now es t ablishes a. crushing 26 B - B sq attack. 27 Kt - Kt 2 (g) Nothing better If B - B 3, then 28 Kt - Q 3 PxB 27 29 B - K 2 PxQ 30 Kt - Kt 4 P x R dbl + 28 31 B - B 3 KxP 32 B - R 4 R-B 7+ 29 33 R - K 2 K - Q sq .

Kt - B sq P �R-5 R-Q 2+ 31 Kt - Q 2 B-B 4 32 3o

followed by

R x P, etc.

34 35 36 37 38 39

See Diagram

B x Kt P-K 6 BxP Kt x QP P-K 7 P x R (Q + )

M. Rosenthal. 1 P- K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 PxP 4 B-B 4 5 Q-B 3 6 KKt - K 2 7 P-Q 3 8 B x Kt 9 Q - Kt 3 10 Castles 11 B - Kt 5 12 Kt - R 4 lB P - KB 4 14 P - Q 4 15 QKt - B 3 16 P - QR 3 17 P - Kt 3 18 Q - K sq 19 Q - Q 2 20 B - R 4 21 R - R 2 22 Kt - Kt sq 23 Q - Q sq 24 P - B 3 25 Kt - B sq 26 B - B 2 27 B - K 3 28 Q - K sq 29 Q - K 2 30 B - Q 2 31 Q - B 2 32 Kt - K 2 33 Q - K 3 (a)

on

next page.

34 35 36 37 38 39

QxB B - K sq (b) PxB Q-Q 3 Kt - B 3 (c) KxQ

GAMES A T CHESS. White to make his 34th move, Bia.ck-Rosenthal.

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

Kt - K 3 R-Q 2 Q - B sq QR - Q 3 Kt - B 4 K - R sq R - KB 3 R x P+ R x R+ R-Q 7

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

Kt x P Q x BP Q-K 4 R-K 2 Kt - K 7 + Q -B 5 Q-K 5 R-B 2 BxR Resigns.

(a) This opens the way to a pretty

combination. Kt - Kt 3 was a b etter move. (b) He cannot take the pawn without decisive loss. (c) It he tries to save the Rook, R - B 8 is quickly fatal.

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

7 Kt - Kt 3 (a) B - QB 4 Castles 8 B - Kt 3 P-B 4 9 P-Q 3 .Q - Q 2 10 Castles 11 P - KR 3 Kt - R 3 QR - K sq 12 Kt x Kt (b) P x Kt 13 B - Q 2 14 QR - K sq Kt - B 2 15 P x P P-K 5 BP x P 16 Q - B 3 P - QKt 3 17 B - K 3 B-Q 3 18 B - Q 4 Q - KB 2 19 P - QR 4 R - B sq 20 Q - Q 2 21 B - K 3 Q - Kt 3 QR - Q sq 22 P - QB 3 P - KR 3 (c) 23 B - Q sq R-Q 2 24 B - R 5 Q-B 3 25 B - Q sq Q-R 5 26 K - R 2 QR - KB 2 27 R - R sq R-B 3 28 K - Kt sq B x Kt (d) 22 P x B Q x KtP 30 P - Kt 4 B-Q 2 31 B - Q 4 QR - B 2 32 P - R 5 Kt - K 3 33 B - K 3 White to make his 34th move. Black-Gifford.

Game 44. Scotch Opening. Played in the tournament at Paris in 1878. White.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 P-Q 4 4 Kt x P 5 B-K 3 6 P - QB 3

Black.

Mr. Gifford. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 PxP 4 B-B4 5 Q-B 3 6 KKt - K 2

White-Blackburne.

34 P - Q 5 (e) 34 P x P 35 Kt - Kt 4 35 B x Kt 36 R - B 7 Resigns.

THE SCOTCH GAMBIT AND THE SCO TCH OPENING. (a) Not good. Bia.ck should either Castle or play Q - Kt 3. (b) This exchange is not advisable. B - Q 2 was better. (c) Rejecting the pawn which could be won by B x Kt, etc. !t would mean loss of posiliion. (d) Circumstances were altered by his la.st moves. (e) To prevent Q ta.king the QP + later on.

32 33 34 35 36 37

Q-B 5 P - Kt 5 P - Kt 6 P - Kt 7 K - Kt sq Q - QB 8

32 33 34 35 36 37

57

Q-Q 7 P-R 4 P-R5 Q -B 5+ P-B 3 Q - Q 7 (/)

White to make his 38th move. =====

Bla.ck -Wina.wer.

=====�

Game 45. Scotch Opening. Played in the Berlin Tourna­ ment in 1881. White.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 P-Q 4 4 Kt x P 5 B-K 3 6 P - QB 3 7 B - QKt 5 (a) 8 PxB 9 Castles 10 Kt - B 3 11 Q - B 2 12 Q x P 13 Q - R 4 14 B - K 2 15 QR - B sq 16 KR - Q sq 17 B - R 5 18 B - B 3 19 Q - Kt 3 20 B x Kt 21 Q x P 22 R x R 23 Kt x R 24 P - KR 3 25 Q x P 26 K - R 2 27 Q - Kt 8 + 28 B - K 4 29 P - QKt 4 30 B x B 31 Q x P

Black.

Herr Winawer. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 PxP 4 B-B 4 5 Q-B 3 6 KKt - K 2 7 B x Kt (b) 8 Q - Kt 3 9 P - Q 4 (c) 10 P x P 11 Castles 12 B - B 4 (d) 13 QR - Q sq 14 R - Q 2 15 B - K 3 16 KR - Q sq 17 Q - B 4 18 Kt - Kt 3 19 Kt x P 20 R x B 21 R x R + 22 R x R + 23 Q - Kt 8 24 Q x RP 25 P - KR 3 26 Q - R 4 27 K - R 2 28 B - B 4 (e) 29 Q - R 8 30 Q x Kt 31 Q - Q 4

White-Bia.ck bu me.

(a) At this point probably the best continuation.

(b) Not to be recommended. is better.

Castling

(c) If Q x P White obtains a. telling attack.

(d) It would have been better for him to exchange Queens. 12 13

14 15 l6

17 18

19 20

QxQ Kt x Q

P - KB 4 Kt - Kt 5

P-B5 B-Q 2 P - KR 3

B-B 4+

K - R sq Kt - B

7+

K-R 2 BxP

P - QKt 4 B - Kt 3

Kt x P QR - K sq

Kt x B with a.n equal position.

GAMES A T CHESS. Its (e) This move lost the go.me. wee.kness is speedily demonstre.ted. (/) Very finely ple.yed. If White Queens the Pe.wn Bla.ck replies Q - B 8 + , e.nd then Q - B 5 + , dra.wing by perpetue.l check or ste.leme.te. It is a. reme.rke.ble position, a.nd I very well remember the crowd the.t ge.thered round to see if I would fa.11 into Wine.wer's little trap. I kept them on the tiptoe of expecte.tion by holding my ha.nd a.hove the Pe.wn for some time e.s if I mea.nt to move it, but when with a. swing of the a.rm I suddenly took the Knight instee.d, there we.s a. loud burst of laughter, in which Wine.war, to do him justice, hee.rtily joined.

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

B-B 2 26 P - KR 4 P - QKt 4 (h) 27 K - Kt 2 P - QR 4 28 Kt - B 4 RxR 29 B x R (i) B x Kt 30 Q x B P - Kt 5 31 P x P PxP 32 Kt - R 2 B-K 7 33 -Bia.ck to make his 33rd move. Ble.ck-M:e.ckenzie.

Game 46. Scotch Opening. . Played at Hamburg in 1885. White.

Ble.ck.

J. H. Blackburne. Capt. Mackenzie. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

P-K4 Kt - KB 3 P-Q 4 Kt x P B-K 3 P - QB 3 Q - Q 2 (a) B-K 2 Castles PxB Kt - B 3 B-Q 3 KR - K sq K - R sq (d) B - KB 4 (e) B x QBP B - B 2 Cf) B - Kt 6 B - Kt 3 R-K 2 QR - K sq Kt - R 4 B-B 5 Kt - Kt 6 P - KB 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 IO 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

P- K 4 K - QB 3 PxP B-B 4 Q-B 3 KKt - K 2 P - QR 3 Q - Kt 3 B x Kt Q x P (b) Q - Kt 3 P-B 4 P - KR 3 (c) P-Q 4 Castles B Q2 QR _ B sq KR - K sq B-K 3 K - R sq B-B 2 Q-B 3 P - B 5 (g) QR - Q sq P - Kt 4 _

White-Blackburne.

1 3334 -Kt x R

I I I

I

35 36 37 38 39

33 34 35 Q - R 5 (j) 36 Q- Q 8 37 B- R 4 38 Q- K 7+ R x B and wins.

R-Q 2 B x Kt Kt x P P - Kt 5 B-K3 Q - B 2 (k)

(a) This excellent move was the invention of L. Paulsen. (b) The Pawn was, of course, given up delibere.tely for the se.ke of a. better attack. (c) To keep the Bishop awe.y from Kt 5, which would give White a good go.me.

(d) In order to play B - KB 4. (e) Now White recovers his lost Pawn with an improved position. (j) To get to Kt 3 and attack the Queen's Pawn .

THE SCO TCH GAMBIT AND THE SCO TCH OPENING. (g) Bia.ck seeks to get up a. counter­ attack, which is impracticable, a.s is quickly shown. (h) White treats the King's side with disd,ain. (i) Better have ta.ken with the Rook. (j) The Queen now enters with de­ cisive effect into the enemy's ga.me. (k) This is a. blunder, but if Bishop interposes then R-K 5 a9

59

Bia.ck to make his 18th move. Bia.ck-Gunsberg.

•

4o

Q-=-:Kn-+

B - K sq

�

R - Kt 5 + 41 K-R 3 a+ Q 42 � B - Kt 3 R x P+ 43 -__

White-Bla.ckburne.

18 -19 Kt x B 20 Kt - B 4

a.nd mates next move.

(a) This costs Bia.ck a valuable Pawn. P - QR 3 should have been played before castling. B x Kt is also weak e.t this point, and has been the cause of me.ny a lost game in the Scotch. ( b) If P - KB 4, Black replies Kt - Q 4 with a. good game. (c) R - Kt sq wa.s better, as soon becomes evident. (d) The position of the Rook renders this move of no avail. He cannot recover his Pawn without losing a. piece. (e) This ends the matter.

Game 47. Scotch Opening. Played in the Hereford Tourna­ ment in 1885. White.

Bia.ck.

J. H. Blackburne. Mr. Gunsberg. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

P-K 4 Kt - KB 3 P-Q 4 Kt x P B-K3 P - QB 3 Q-Q 2 Kt - Kt 5 QxB Kt - Q 2 (b) Kt - B 3 Kt x P R - Q sq Kt - Q 5 B-B 4 B - Kt 3 Castles Kt - Kt 5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

P-K 4 Kt - QB 3 PxP B-B 4 Q-B 3 KKt - K 2 Castles (a) BxB Q-K 4 P - QR 3 Q-R 4 R - R 2 (c) Q - R 4 (d) R - K sq P - QKt 4 P-Q 3 B- K 3 --

18 Q - Q sq (e) 19 P x Kt 20 Resigns.

Game 48. Scotch Opening. I

Played in the B. C. A. Tourna­ ment of 1886.

I

Black.

White.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 2 3 4 5 6

P-K 4 Kt - KB 3 P-Q 4 Kt x P Kt - Kt 5 B-K 2

Amos Burn. 1 2 3 4 5 6

P-K 4 Kt - QB 3 PxP Q - R 5 (a) Q x KP + K - Q sq

60

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

GAMES A T CHESS.

Castles KKt - QB 3 Kt - Q 2 QKt - K 4 R - K sq B - KB 4 B-R 5 B x KtP Kt x P Kt - Q 5 R-K 4

7 P - QR 3 8 Q - K sq 9 KKt - K 2 . 10 P - B 3 ll . Q - B 2 12 P - KKt 4 13 Q - B 5 (b) 14 P x B 15 Kt - Kt 3 16 KKt - K 4 17 Q - Kt 4

Position after Black's 17th move. Black-Burn. 1

18 P - QB 4 (c) 18 19 R - Kt sq 19 20 P - B 4 20 21 21. Kt - R 3 22 22 K - R sq 23 R - Kt 3 23 24 P x Kt 24 25 Q - KB sq 25 26 Q - B 6 + 26 27 27 Q - Kt 7 + 28 Kt - K 7 + 28 29 Kt - Q 5 dis + (d) 29 Drawn.

(a) This old continuation is not often played now. (b) Q - Kt 2 would be met byKt - B 5. (c) At this stage I ought to have won the Queen with lB

19

White---Blackburne.

Q x KtP Q-R 6 P-R 3 B-B 4+ P-Q 3 Q-R 4 Kt x P B x Kt K-K 2 K-B 3 K-Q 2 K-B 3

Kt - K 6 + P x Kt Kt - B S dis +

'

but the hard work of the tourney was telling on me. This was the last game, and I had already made sure of the first prize. (dl P x B would probably have won ; but, for the reason already given, I was glad to make a draw of it.

IV.-THE VIENNA OPENING.

This opening was first introduced by Dr. Hampe of Vienna nearly fifty yea.rs ago. The idea of the opening is to play the King's Gambit one move mter. For many years Kt - QB 3 was considered the best defence, so that the gambit could be accepted and defended in the usual manner, but for some time past the Kt - KB 3 defence has been considered best, as it speedily equalises the game. It is perfectly sound, but does not lead to such interesting positions as occur in the Scotch, Giuoco and similar openings. Being full of snares for the unwary, and capable of being easily simplified when that is necessary, I have found it very suitable for blindfold and simultaneous games. It is a game very easily transposed, and frequently takes the form of a three or four knights' game, and, as will be seen in one of my encounters with Herr Winawer, it became substantially a Philidor's Defence.

THE VIENNA OPENING.

(a) B - QKt 5 or P x BP ce.n a.lso be played with advantage. (b) P - QKt 3 is the usual continua­ tion. (c) A blunder which loses right off, but he ha.d not an easy game to ple.y. Perhaps R - QKt sq would be best.

Game 49. Vienna Opening. Played in the D�van Tourney of 1876. White.

Herr Zukertort. 1 P- K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 P-B 4 4 P-Q 3 5 PxP 6 P x Kt 7 P x P (b) 8 B-Q 2 9 Kt - B 3 10 B - K 2 11 P - B 3 12 P - Q 4 (c)

61

Ela.ck.

J. H. Bla.ckburne. Game 50. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 Vienna Opening. 3 P-Q 4 4 P - Q 5 (a) Played in the Vienna Interna­ 5 P x Kt tional Tourney on 2nd June, 1882. 6 Q x BP Black. White. 7 Q x P+ Herr Winawer. J. H. Blackburne. 8 Q-B 3 1 P- K 4 1 P-K 4 9 Kt - B 3 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 10 B - QB 4 3 P - Q 3 (a) 3 Kt - B 3 11 B - KKt 5 4 PxP 4 P- Q 4 12 5 B-K 2 5 QxP Black to ma.ke his 12th move. 6 Castles 6 B KKt 5 Bla.ck-Ble.ckburne. 7 Kt - B 3 7 Castles 8 B-K 3 8 Q-Q 2 9 P - QR 3 9 P - QR 3 10 P - Kt 4 10 P - R 3 11 B x B 11 B x Kt 12 B x Kt 12 Kt - Q 5 13 Kt - K 2 13 P x B 14 P - KKt 3 (b) 14 Kt - Kt 3 15 R - K sq 15 P - KR 4 16 Kt - K 4 16 P - R 5 17 P - Kt 5 (c) 17 Kt - Q 4 18 R - Kt sq 18 Q x P (d) 19 Kt - B 6 (e) 19 Q - R 4 20 Q - K 2 20 Kt - Kt 3 21 R - Kt 3 21 B - Q 3 22 KR - Kt sq 22 P - B 3 White-Zukertort. 23 B - B 2 23 Q - K 7 12 12 B x Kt 24 -· 24 KR - B sq 13 B x B 13 Kt x P See Diagram on next page. 14 P x Kt 14 Q x P 24 B - Kt 4 + 15 R - KB sq 15 Castles (QR) ' 24 -25 K - Kt sq 25 Kt - Q 7 + 16 R - QKt sq 16 P - B 4 26 R x Kt 26 B x R 17 KR - K sq 17 Q - B 2 . 27 R - Q sq 27 R x Kt 18 R x P + 18 Q - Kt 2 28 B x P 28 B x R 19 B x R 19 Q x KB + 29 R x P + 29 B - B 2 (j) 20 K - Q sq 20 B - K 6 30 K - B sq 30 R - Kt sq 21 R - K sq 21 Q - R 5 + 31 R - Kt 8 + . 31 Q - K 4 and White resigns. --

--

1

1

GAMES A T CHESS. Bia.ck to make his 24th move. Black-Bla.ckburne.

K - Kt sq Kt x Q and the game is lost. (e) Probe.bly the last move expected by Whjte. If he takes, then 25

20

B x P+ K - Kt sq or Q 2 21 Q-B 3 and the game cannot be saved. (/) If P x B, Q x R + , etc.

Game 51. Vienna Opening. Played in the New York Tour­ nament in 1889. White-Winawer.

White.

Bia.ck.

J. H. Blackburne. J. M. Hanham. 32 Q - Kt 4 + 32 K x R 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 33 Q Kt 4 33 B x Q 2 Kt - QB 3 2 B-B 4 and Black wins. 3 P-B 4 3 P-Q 3 (a) This game is begun as a Vienna, 4 Kt - B 3 4 Kt - KB 3 but is transposed into a. Philidor. 5 B-B 4 5 P-B 3 (b) White plays this game a.s if he 6 P-Q 3 6 Q - K 2 (a) were wa.iting for his adversa.ry to make 7 Q K2 7 P - QKt 4 a mistake. le) In annotating this move Mr. Potter 8 B - Kt 3 8 P - QR 4 said : In the right style. When the 9 P - QR 4 9 P - Kt 5 pla.yer meets a. manipula.tor, let the 10 Kt Q sq 10 B - R 3 (b) pla.yer play." This move forces an 11 P x P opening of some kind on the side of 11 P x P the castled King. 12 B - Kt 5 12 QKt - Q 2 (d) P x P wa.s dangerous, and would 13 Kt - K 3 13 B x Kt (c) have been answered by pushing on the 14 Kt - B 4 Rook's Pawn and in time advancing it 14 Q x B 15 Q - R 2 (d) to R 6. If he took the second Pawn, the 15 Kt - Q 2 following variation was .likely to have 16 Q - Kt 3 (e) 16 KKt - Q 2 occurred :17 B - K 3 17 P - Kt 3 PxP 18 Castles (KR) 18 Castles (KR) lS P - R 4 19 Q - B 2 19 K - Kt 2 (g) PxP 19 P - B 4 20 Q - R 4 (h) 20 P - B 3 21 Q - R 6 + 21 K - R sq P x P (en passant) 22 R - B 3 (i) 20 22 QR - K sq RxP -

-

"

Kt - Kt 3 (best) R-R 7 QxP 22 Q - R sq B-K 2 23 RxP KxR 24 Kt - B 5+ 21

See Diagram

on next pctge.

23 Q x P + and mates in three moves (J). (a) This line of defence was often adopted by Anderssen, but is not now considered good. (b) This move prevents B or Kt - K 3, but is not good.

THE VIENNA OPE NING. White to make his 23rd move.

Game 52. Vienna Opening.

Black-Hanham.

Played in the New York Tourna­ ment of 1889. Black.

White.

White-Blackburne,

D. G. Baird. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 P-Q 4 3 P-B 4 4 Kt x P 4 P x KP 5 Kt - QB 3 5 Q-B 3 6 Kt x Kt 6 B - Kt 5 7 B-K 2 7 KtP x Kt (a) 8 Castles 8 P-Q 4 9 P - KKt 3 9 B-Q 3 10 10 B - KR 6

(c) He cannot permit Kt B 5. This move shows the weakness of B - R 3. (d) To release the Knight, and threat­ ening Kt x P + if B x Kt. A move with great possibilities, but P - R 3 was the sounder. (e) This illuminates the weak spot in Black's last move. (f) Pinning the Knight and threat­ ening to castle. (g) It is difficult to suggest anything better. (h) As Mr. Steinitz has it, playing for higher game than a Pawn. (i) Black is now menaced with an irresistible attack. -

(j)

KxQ R - R 3+ K - Kt 2

10 11 B - R 6+ 12 K moves 13 B x R mate 14 15 NOTE. - This was the first game 16 finished in the New York Tournament. 17 It was played on the board on whlch Morphy played his immortal gllJile with 18 Paulsen, and which was brought specially 19 for me to play on. 20 21

--

Black to make his 10th move. Black-Blackburne.

White-Baird.

B-Q 2 Q - Kt 3 PxB B-K2 Castles Q - Kt 3 Kt - R 3 B - KKt 5 B - KB 4 QxQ K - Kt 2

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

B - QKt 5 (b) P-B 3 P x P (c) P-K 5 Kt x QP Kt - B 4 P-B 3 P - QR 4 Q-Q 3 QxP PxQ R - R 6 (d)

GAMES A T CHESS.

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

KR - K sq 22 R-Q 2 23 R - QR sq 24 Kt - Kt sq 25 26 B-Q 6 27 B-B 5 28 P - Kt 4 29 P - KR 3 30 R-Q 4 B x P (Kt 6) 31 32 B-B 5 33 B-K 7 34 QR - Q sq 35 P - Kt 5 36 B-B 6 37 B - Kt 4 38 K - B sq 39 PxB 40 K-Q2

B-Q 2 KR - R sq Kt - Kt 2 B-K 3 QR - R 5 Kt - B 4 Kt - R 3 Kt - B 2 P - Kt 3 (e) Kt - K 4 Kt - Q 2 P-B 4 QR - R 4 Kt - Kt 3 P-Q 5 Kt - R 5 + BxB Kt - B 6

Black-Blackburne.

White-Baird. --

RxR Kt - K 2 K - K sq K x Kt Kt - B sq KxP K-Q2 B-K 7 K - Q sq BxP

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

- (a) Many players hold that it is better to take with the Queen's Pawn. (b) Rather a. surprise. If P x B, then Queen checks and wins the Bishop ; if B x R, then B x P + and wins easily. (c) It would have been more prudent to play first B R 4. (d) I have now got three Pawns for the piece. (e) This turns the scale in Black's favour. (/) Stronger than Kt x R. The end shows the play of Pawns against a piece. -

Game 53. Vienna Opening.

--

Black to make his 40th move.

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

51 K - B 2 51 B - B 5 52 R - Q 7 52 K - K sq and White resigns.

R x P (/) RxR P-K 6+ Kt x R R-R 8+ P-K 7+ R x Kt R - KKt 8 R - Kt 7 + P -B 5 P-B 6

Played in the New York Tour­ nament in 1889. White.

Black.

J. H. Blackburne. 1 1 P-K 4 2 2 Kt - QB 3 3 P-B 4 3 4 4 P x KP (a) 5 Kt - B 3 5 6 Q - K 2 (b) 6 7 KtP x Kt 7 8 P - Kt 3 (c) 8 9 9 P-Q 3 10 B - KKt 2 10 11 Castles 11 12 R - Kt sq 12 13 13 Kt - R 4 14 Kt - B 5 14 15 P - Kt 4 15 16 B - B 4 16 17 P x B 17

Max Judd. P -- K 4 Kt - KB 3 P-Q 4 Kt x P B-K 2 Kt x Kt Castles B - KB 4 P-B 4 Kt - B 3 R - B sq P - QKt 3 B-K 3 R - K sq B - B sq B x Kt (d) --

17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Kt x P P-B 3 K - R sq PxP B-Q 3 P - KR 3 (f) PxB

See IHagrani on ne:rt page.

-B x Kt P-Q 4 R - B 3 (e) PxP R - KR 3 Q-Q 2

17 18 19 20 21 22 23

THE VIENNA OPENING. Bio.ck

to

make his 17th move.

Ble.ck--Judd.

Game 54. Vienna Opening. Played in the Dresden Tourna­ ment of 1892. Ble.ck.

White.

White--Bla.ckburne.

24 R x P + 25 B x P + 26 P - B 6 (g)

24 K - Kt sq 25 K - B sq Resigns (h)

(a) P x QP brings about the Falkbeer Counter Gambit. (b) Better than the alternative P - Q 3. (c) The easiest way to develop the Bishop. (d) Not good. He should have played P - B 3. (e) The annote.tor of the New York Toume.ment gs.mes remarks : " An ex­ cellent move, which initiates a beauti­ fully conceived idea ". (/) Forced, for if ·

Herr Mieses. J. H. Blackburne. 1 P- K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 Kt - B 3 (a) 3 P - KKt 3 4 P-Q 3 4 B - Kt 2 5 B-K 2 5 P-Q 3 6 Castles 6 KKt - K 2 7 Kt - K sq 7 P - KR 3 8 P - KKt 4 (b) 8 P - KKt 3 9 Kt - Kt 2 9 B-R 6 10 B - K 3 10 Q - Q 2 11 Castles (QR) 11 Kt - Q 5 12 P x Kt 12 Kt x Kt 13 P - QB 4 13 Kt - K 2 14 P - B 3 14 P - KB 4 15 B - B 2 15 P - B 5 16 P - R 4 (c) 16 P - KR 4 17 B x P 17 Kt - Kt 3 18 P x P 18 P x P 19 P - KKt 4 19 P - R 5 20 Kt - B 5 (d) 20 --

Bio.ck to make his 20th move. Ble.ck-Ble.ckbume.

22 P x B

R x P+ KxR Q - R 5+ 2!l K - Kt sq B x P+ 25

23

and mates i n two. (g) Me.king e.n elegant finish. (h) If P x P the me.te is obvious. R - R S+ 27 K-K 2 R - R 7+ 28 K - B sq e.nd Q - R 6 mates.

White-Mieses.

20 21 B x R

20 Kt x Kt 21 Kt - K 6;

GAMES A T CHESS.

66

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

BxB QR - Kt sq Q - K 2 (e) K-Q 2 R - R sq KR - QKt sq R - Kt sq K - B sq PxP P - Kt 3 PxP B - B sq Q - K sq and White

10 Castles (KR) 10 P - QB 4 22 Q x B 11 Q - K 2 11 P - B 4 23 P - R 5 24 B - K 3 12 B - Q 2 12 P - KB 5 25 . Q - Q sq 13 Kt - K sq 13 P - KKt 4 26 P - R 6 U) 14 P - Kt 5 (a) 14 P - B 3 27 P - R 7 15 -15 P - KR 4 28 Q - Kt 3 Black to make his 15th move. 29 P - B 5 Black-Bla.ckburne. 30 Kt x BP 31 P - Q 6 32 Q x R + 33 B x P 34 Q - Q 5 resigns.

(a) The authorities are pretty well agreed that P - Q 4 gives Black the better game. (b) To prevent P - B 4, and also to establish an attack on the King's quarters. (c) My only chance is counter attack. It is a question of who will be first. (d) Thie is what I hoped for. I give up the exchange, but have more than an equivalent in attack. (e) To make an outlet for the King. (/) This move is decisive. If P x P or P - Kt 3, Q - R 4 + wins easily.

White-Mieses .

15 P - Kt 3 (b) 15 -16 P x BP 16 P R 5 (c) NoTE.-This game was a.warded the 1 7 P-B 5 17 P Kt 6 prize for brillian cy. 18 P x P + 18 K x P 19 B - Kt 5 19 P - Q 4 Game 55. 20 BP x P 20 P x P 21 B x Kt 21 Q - Q 2 Vienna Opening. 22 Q x B 22 P - B 6 23 P x B Played in the Leipsic Tourna­ 23 Q - Q 2 (d) 24 Q x KtP (e) 24 Q - Kt 2 ment of 1894. and after a few more moves White Black. White. resigns. J. H. Blackburne. Herr Mieses. (a) White advances to the attack with 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 much dash. Black's position is some­ 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 what critical. 3 B-B 4 3 P - KKt 3 (b) Breaking up the Pawns. 4 P-Q 3 4 B - Kt 2 (c) Here White might have paused in 5 Kt - R 4 5 Kt - B 3 his attack and have played Kt - Kt 3 6 B-K 3 6 Kt - K 2 with advantage. 7 P-Q 3 7 Q-Q 2 (d) Risking everything for the att ack . 8 B - Kt 3 8 P - KR 3 (e) He sees, too late, that Q - R 6 + 9 RP x Kt leads to nothing. 9 Kt x B

GIUOCO PIANO, E VANS GAMBIT, AND BRANCHES.

V.-THE Gruoco PrANo , EVANS BRANCHES .

67

GAMBIT, AND THEIB

I have classed together here the Giuoco Piano, Evans, Two Knights', Three Knights' and Greco Counter Gambits, and the Hungarian, Philidor, Petroff, King's Knight's and King's Bishop's Openings, since they are allied to or derived from the Giuoco Pia.no. This wa.s one of the earliest openings played in Europe, and wa.s called Piano because its movement was slow as compared with the gambits introduced about the same time. It is a. safe quiet opening, very useful to the young player, as teaching him how to develop and bring his various pieces into action. After he begins to feel himself at home in it, he will do well to venture into the Evans with its finer and more diffi­ cult positions. The Two Knights', Philidor a.nd Petroff are essentially in the nature of counter attacks on the part of the second player. The Hunga.ria.n, a safe and close defence, is most often adopted for the purpose of evading the Evans. In the King's Bishop's Opening, after four or five moves the position becomes identical with the simple Giuoco, as it is indeed produced only by reversing the order of the play. White to ma.ke their 15th move. Bla.ck-Zukertort a.nd Hoffer.

Game 56. Giuoco Piano. Played at Simpson's Chess Divan in 1881. Black.

White.

J. H. Blackburne. R. Steel. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B-B 4 4 P-B 3 5 P-Q 3 6 QKt - Q 2 7 B - Kt 3 8 Kt - B sq 9 B-K 3 10 Q - Q 2 (b) 11 Kt - Kt 3 12 Castles (KR) 13 P - B 4 (d) 14 B - Q sq

H. Zukertort. L. Hoffer. 1 P- K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 3 B-B 4 4 Kt - B 3 5 P-Q 3 6 P - QR 3 (a) 7 P-R 3 8 Kt - K 2 9 Kt - Kt 3 10 Q - K 2 (c) 11 B - Q 2 12 Castles (QR) 13 B - KKt 5 (e) 14 Kt - R 4

15 Kt - Q 4 16 KKt - B 5 17 QR x B

15 B x B (!) 16 Q - Q 2 17 QKt - B 5

See

J.

Diagram on 1w.U column.

White-Bla.ckburne a.nd Steel.

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Kt x Kt P - QKt 4 PxB Kt - R 4 P - Kt 5 Q-R 5 R - Kt sq (h) QR x P R - Kt 6

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Kt x Kt BxB P - KKt 3 Kt - Kt 2 (g) PxP K - Kt sq Kt - K 3 P - QB 3 Q-B 2

68

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

GAMES A T CHESS.

27 KR - Kt sq Q-R 3 28 29 R-R 6 RxP 30 Kt - B 3 (J) 31 32 Kt - Q 2 P-B 5 33 34 Kt - B 4 35 Kt - Kt 6 Kt - Q 7 mate.

R - Q 2 (i) Q - B sq Kt - B 2 R � Kt sq P-B 4 R -B 2 QP x P R - Q sq PxR

(a) This appea.rs to be a useless move. B - Kt 3, followed by Kt - K 2 a.nd P - QB 3, is preferable. (b) Perhaps Q - K 2 we.a better. (c) Black fa.ils to te.ke full e.dvanta.ge of White's le.st move. They ought to have played Kt - R 4. (d) Prevents P - Q 4, a.nd a.t the same time prepares for an advance of the Pawns on the Queen's side. (e) Black he.a not a great choice of moves, but P - B S we.a certainly better than this. (/) This is probably best, though they he.d two other replies, viz., Kt x Kt e.nd P x Kt, but in both ca.ses White maintains the advantage. (g) A wea.k move. They ought ra.ther to have me.de some defensive move, such e.e K - Kt sq. (h) After this it is doubtful if Bla.ck ce.n se.ve the game. (i) Another wee.le move. Kt - B 4 would have given them a. more de­ fensible position. (J) The Knight now rapidly adve.nces to give the fine.I stroke. Game 57.

Giuoco Piano. Played in the eleventh round of the Vienna International Tourney on 23rd May, 1882. White.

Black.

J. H. Blackburne. Herr Zukertort. 1 P-K 4 1 P- K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B-B 4 3 B-B 4 4 Kt - B 3 4 P-B 3 5 P-Q 3 5 P-Q 3 6 B - Kt 3 , 6 B-K3

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

QKt - Q 2 Kt - B sq Q - B 2 (a) Castles P -·Q 4 BxP Kt - Kt 3 B-K 2 KR - B sq B x Kt P - KR 3 B-B 4

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Kt - K 2 P-B 3 Kt - Kt3(b) Castles PxP Q-K 2 Kt - K 4 KKt - Kt 5 P - QB4(c) PxB Kt - R 3 K - R sq

White to me.ke his 19th move. Bla.ck-Zukertort.

'

rr===:�=.===;;;;:

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

KR - K sq Kt - B sq Kt - K 3 BxB Kt - Q 5 (d) Q-R 4 R-Q 2 Kt x Kt KR - Q sq (/) RxR Q-B4 Kt x R Q-Q 5 Kt - B 4 P - QR 4 P - QKt 3 K-B 2 P - Kt 3

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

--�

P - Kt 3 B-K 3 P-B 3 QxB Kt - Kt sq QR - Q sq Kt - K 2 (e) Q x Kt RxR R - Q sq RxR P - QR 3 B - Q eq K - Kt 2 P - Kt 3 K - B sq P - KR 4 K - Kt 2

GIUOCO PIANO, E VANS GAMBIT, AND BRANCHES.

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

Q-B 6 Q-K 6 Kt - K 3 Q - B 8 (g) Q-B 6 QxQ Kt - Q 5 K-Q 3 K-B 4 P-B 3 K - Kt 5 P - KKt 4

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

Q - QB 2 K - B sq Q-K 2 P-R4 Q - QB2(h) BxQ B - Q sq K-B 2 P-B 4 K- K 3 P - Kt 4 Resigns.

(a) This pa.rticalar form of the Giuoco was adopted by me three times in match pla.y a.gs.inst Zukertort. (b) Probably B - B 2 would be better. (c) Cutting short wha.t promised to be a.n interesting :fight, but Zukertort per­ ceives that he has too much of an inferiority, a.nd he therefore begins to simplify, in a.ccorda.nce with his almost inva.ria.ble practice. (d) White ha.s clearly the better go.me, but Ela.ck, consequent upon the reduction of force, ha.s some cha.nee of drawing. (e) Further simplifying, in view of growing dangers, but now White need not object, for he will have Knight against Bishop in the coming end game, and indeed I had been aiming at that advantage. (/) Claiming the open file, or the superiority of Knight age.inst Bishop in a clear end game. (g) This strong move forces on the QRP, a.nd its results in that respect are such, tha.t White has probably a forced win by a.na.lysis from this point. (h) Thereby delivering himself at once into the enemy's ha.nds. His only chance wa.s Q - K sq.

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

P-B 3 P-Q 3 B-K 3 QKt - Q 2 Kt - B sq (b) Q - B 2 (c) Castles P-Q 4 PxP B x B (e) Kt - K 3 P - QR 3 Kt x B Kt - Q 6 Kt - K sq P-B 3 Kt - B 5 (/) Kt - Q 3 R x Kt Kt - K 3 QxR R - Q sq Q-Q 6 Q-B 6

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

69

Kt - B 3 P-Q 3 B - Kt 3 Kt - K 2 (a) P-B 3 Kt - Kt 3 Castles Q - K 2 (d) PxP PxP B-K3 BxB Q-K 3 Q - Kt 5 KR - Q sq Q-K 3 Kt - B 5 Kt x Kt + P - Kt 3 RxR Kt - Q 2 Kt - B 4 Q-R 7 --

Black to make his 27th move. Black-Zukertort.

Game 58. Giuoco Piano. Played in the London Tourna­ ment in 1883.

27 27 Kt - R 5 (g) 28 R - Q 8 + (h) 28 R x R J. H. Blackburne. Herr Zukertort. 29 Q x R + 29 K - Kt 2 30 Kt - B 5 + 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 30 P x Kt 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 31 Q - Kt 5 + 3 B-B 4 and draws by perpetual check. 3 B-B 4 White.

Black.

GAMES A T CHESS. (a) Zukertort considered this the best move. We had many games at this opening, and that was his final con­ clusion. (b) Instead of Kt - B ·sq I now prefer B - Kt 3, threatening Kt QB 4. (c) The majority of chess masters think Q K 2 is better. (d) Up to this point the game is identical with one played between Zukertort and myself in the Vienna Tournament of 1882. There he con­ tinued with P x P, but the text move is stronger. (e) This looks somewhat risky, but I wished to get the Knight out, and the sequel proved it not to be so weakening a.s it appears. (/) H Kt x QKtP Black could have replied R Q 2 with a. winning position. (g) Threatening m.s.te. If Kt Kt 6+ the following might have occurred :-

-

5 P-Q 3 6 B-K 3 7 QKt - Q 2 8 -Q - K 2 (b) 9 B - QKt 5 10 B - R 4 ll P x B ' 12 P - Q 4 13 B - B 2 14 Castles KR 15 P - QR 4 (e) 16 RP x P 17 R - R 5 18 KR - R sq 19 R - R 7

-

-

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

P-Q 3 B - Kt 3 (a) B-K 3 Q - Q 2 (c) P - QR 3 BxB Castles KR P - QKt 4 B - Kt 5 QR - K sq(d) Kt - K 2 RP x P P- B 3 Kt - Kt 3 (/) Q - B sq

White to make his 20th move. Black-Tschigorin.

27 Kt - Kt 6+ K-B 2 28 Kt - R 8 + g R x Kt 2 QxR Kt - Kt 4 3 O P-R 4 Kt - R 6+ 3 l K-R 2 Kt x P 32 Q - KB 8 Kt - Kt 5 + 33 K-R 3 and the game is drawn !by perpetual check. (h) White might have played Kt - Q sq, lea.din& to a prolonged game and a draw all the same.

20 21 22 23 Game 59. 24 Giuoco Piano. 25 26 Played in the London Tourna­ 27 ment in 1883. 28 White. Black. 29 J. H. Blackburne. Herr Tschigorin. 30 1 P- K 4 1 P- K 4 31 2 Kt - QB 3 32 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B-B 4 33 3 B-B 4 4 Kt - B 3 4 P-B 3 34

White-Blackburne.

P - Q 5 (g) QxP PxB BxP Kt x Kt Q- K 2 R - KB sq Kt - Kt 3 R-B 2 Q - B sq Kt x Q P-K 4 K - R sq Kt - Q 2 R - R sq (k)

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

PxP B x Kt PxP Kt x B Kt - R 5 Q - B 4 (h) R-K 3 Q-R 6 P - B 4 (i) Q x Q+ P-B 5 R - Kt 3 + R - Kt 4 R - B 3 (j) K - B 2 (l)

GIUOCO PIANO, E VANS GAMBIT, AND BRANCHES.

35 P - Kt 4 36 P - Kt 5 37 Kt - B 4

35 K- K 3 36 K - Q 2 37 --

Bia.ck to make his S7th-move. Bla.ck-Tschiirorin.

====�

71

(l) Doubling the Rooks was of no e.ve.il, e.s White ce.n e.lwa.ys defend himself by QR - KB sq. (m) This is lost time. Black finds out too late that he ce.nnot play R - Kt 7 . (n) After this Black cannot prevent the advance of the Knight's Pawn.

Game 60.

Evans Gambit. Played in the Baden Baden Tournament of 1870. White.

Black.

J, H. Blackburne. Herr Steinitz. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 B-B 4 3 B-B 4 4 P - QKt 4 4 B x KtP 5 P-B 3 White-Bla.ckburne. 5 B-B 4 6 Castles 6 P-Q 3 37 KR - Kt3(m) 37 -7 P-Q 4 7 PxP 38 K - K 3 38 Kt - Kt 6 + 8 PxP 8 B - Kt 3 39 Kt - Q 5 (n) 39 R - B 3 9 B - Kt 2 9 Kt - R 4 40 Kt - Kt 3 40 R - R 7 10 P - Q 5 10 Kt - K 2 41 P x Kt 41 Kt x R 11 B - Q 3 11 Castles 42 Kt - K 2 42 P - Kt 6 12 Kt - B 3 12 P - QB 3 (a) 43 Kt - B 3 43 P - Kt 7 13 Q - Q 2 13 Kt - Kt 3 44 Resigns. 44 R - R 8 14 B - Kt 5 14 Kt - K 2 15 Kt - Kt 3 15 R - B sq (a) Mr. S teinitz and other authorities 16 QR - B sq 16 R - K sq now say the.t it is as well to play B x B. (b) I used general ly to pl ay the Bishop 17 K - R sq (b) 17 P x P to Kt 3 at this stage of the game. 18 B x Kt 18 PxP (c) This does no t turn out well. 19 P x B 19 R x R Castling e.t once wa.s preferable. 20 Kt - K 4 (c) (d) KR - K sq was better, so e.s to 20 R x R neutralise t h e effect of P - Q R 4. 21 B - Kt 5 21 R - B sq (e) Ta.king immediate advantage of 22 R - KKt sq 22 -Ble.ck's weakest spot.

(/) Black ' s game is already desperate, and his only hape lies in a st rong counter- , atte.ck on the King's sid e. (!l) This forces a. passed Pawn on the I Queen's side. (h) Now Black be.s got the ii.tta.ck he played for. (i) Quite o\•erlooking the object of White's le.st m ove. R - Kt a or R - R 3 would have enabled him to mai ntain a strong att ack . (j) Resolutely pursuing his a.tta.ck. (k) The only move to p rev ent disaster.

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

See Diagram

on

22 Kt - B 5 23 24 Q-R 6 B x Kt 25 26 R xP+ QxP+ 27 28 Kt - R 6 29 Q-B 5+ and a draw was

next page.

P - KB 3 (d) P - KKt 3 R-B 2 BP x B PxR K - B sq R - Kt 2 K-K 2 agreed to.

GAMES A T CHESS. Bl

\ to make his 22nd move.

Black-Steinitz.

White-Bla.ckburne.

(a) One of the " inventions " of Mr. Steinitz, (b) Here, a.s in many other games, this apparently insignificant move of the King is most useful. (c) n was partly in view of this that move 17 was ma.de. (d) If instead of this

9 Q-K 2 10 Kt - K sq 11 B - Q 3 12 P - KB 4 13 B x P 14 Kt - Q 2 15 R - Kt sq (c) 16 R - Kt 3 1 7 R x Kt 18 R - B 2 19 P - KR 3 20 Kt - B 4 21 R - R 3 (d) 22 Kt - B 3 23 Kt - K 3 24 Kt x B 25 Kt - B 4 26 K - R 2 27 Kt - Q 2 28 P - B 4 29 B x P 30 P Kt 3 31 R - K 3 -

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

P-Q 3 QKt - Q 2 Kt - K sq PxP Kt - K 4 B-B 3 Kt - Kt 3 Kt x B B-K4 Kt - B 3 Kt - Q 2 Kt - B 4 Q-K 2 P - KB 3 R - K sq Q x Kt Q - Kt 4 B-Q 2 P-B 4 PxP Q-K 4+ Kt x B ---

Black to make his 31st move. Black-Blackburne.

22

Kt x P' the continuation would have been Q-R 6 23 PxQ Kt - B 5 dis + , 24 mate next move.

Game 61. Evans Gambit. Played at Habana on 9th March, 1891. White.

Black.

A. C. Vazquez. 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 3 B-B 4 4 Castles 5 P - QKt 4 6 P -B 3 7 P-Q 4 8 P - Q 5 (b)

J. H. Blackburne.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P-K 4 Kt - QB 3 B-B 4 Kt - B 3 BxP B - K 2 (a) Castles Kt - Kt sq

White-Vazquez.

31 32 33 34 35 36 37

--

RxQ Q x Kt Q - Q 4 (f) K - Kt sq P-R 4 K - R sq

31 32 33 34 35 36 37

Kt x R (e) RxR R - KB sq R-K 7+ BxP R - Kt 7 + QR - B 7

GIUOCO PIANO, E VANS GAMBIT, AND BRANCHES.

38 R - R 7 + 15 Kt x Kt 38 Q - R 4 39 QR - Kt 7 + 16 P - KR 4 (b) 3 9 K - Kt sq a.nd White resigns. 17 P - R 5 (a) This is the beet squ&re for the 18 B - Kt sq B ish op when White C&stles before offer­ 19 P - B 3 ing the g&mbit. 20 Q - Q 2 The usu&l move here is P x P. 21 R x P Senor V&zquez suggested &fter­ 22 Kt - Kt 3 w s that R - B sq W&S better. (d) Rather have given up the ex­ 23 Kt x P change than moved the Rook out of 24 B - Q 3 play . For instance :25 P - R 3 Kt x B 26 P - Kt 4 21 Kt x R 27 R x B (/) Kt x P

1l

22 28 24

21

22 23 24 25 26 27

P x Kt Q - K sq P-B 5 B - Kt 5 (c) B-Q 2 P - B 6 (d) PxP Q - Kt 3 QR - B sq (e) B - QB 4 P - Kt 4 P - Kt 5 PxR

White to ma.ke their 27th move. Bl&ck-Bird and Chapman.

R x Kt RxR KxR Q-R

15 16 17 18 19 20

73

tl+

K - Kt

sq

25 P - K 5

and White ha.a a. strong a.tta.ck. (e) Black could also have played Kt x P, but the move ma.de is more forcing. (/) H e has no good move for his Queen. If Q - Kt 2, QR - K sq wins ea.sily

.

Game 62.

Evans Gambit. Played a.t the Ha.stings Festival of 1896. Bla.ck. Whi te . J.H. Blackburne. H. E. Bird. G. Herington. H. Chapman. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 B-B 4 3 B-B 4 4 P - QKt 4 4 BxP 5 P-B 3 5 B -B 4 6 P-Q 4 6 PxP 7 PxP 7 B - Kt 3 8 B - Kt 2 (a) 8 Kt - R 4 9 P-Q 5 9 Kt - K 2 10 B - Q 3 10 P - Q 3 11 Kt - B 3 11 P - QB 4 12 Kt - K 2 12 Castles 13 R - QB sq 13 P - B 3 14 Kt - R 4 14 Kt - Kt 3

White-Bla.ckbume a.nd Herington.

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Kt - B 4 R-R 5 Q-R 2 RxQ P-K5 Q -R 7+ B - Kt 6 + Q xP+

28 29 30 31 32 33 34

Q - Kt 4 (g) Kt - Kt 6 PxP PxR Kt - Q 5 K-B 2 K-K 2 Resigns (h)

(a) It was Mr. Bird himself who first suggested the idea. of playing the Evans without castling. (b) The advantage of not ca.stling is now appa.ren t. (cl Only assisting White. (d) A counter irritant, but of no avail. (e) Mr. Bird was of opinion tha.t the other Rook oug h t to have been pl ayed . (/) This des troys any hopes that Bia.ck may h &ve had.

GAMES A T CHESS.

74

(g) Of course this loses the Queen, 15 B - R 5 + 15 R - B 2 but a.ny other move would have been 16 B x R + 16 K x B equa.lly fa.ta.I. 17 Q x Q (h) A curious position. Every one of White's pieces and Pawns have been and after a move or two Black moved except the King, which ha.s been resigned. neither checked nor moved, but stands on its own square ready for the next (a) This constitutes the Greco-Counter gs.me. Gambit. It is somewhat ha.za.rdous, but generally leads to a. lively game. (b) Kt x P is given a.s best in the books. Game 63. (c) This gives White a. cha.nee of Greco-Counter Gambit. getting up a. strong attack. P Q 3 wa.s better. -

Played in the B.C.A. Tourna­ ment of 1888. White.

Bia.ck.

Game 64. Two Knights' Defence.

J. H. Blackburne. W. H. K. Pollock. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 Played in the Cable Match 2 Kt - KB 3 2 P - KB 4 (a) between England and America in 3 P - Q 4 (b) 3 P x KP 1897. 4 Kt x P 4 Kt - KB 3 Black. White. 5 B - KKt 5 5 B - K 2 (c) Mr. Pillsbury. J. H. Blackburne. 6 Kt - QB 3 6 P-Q 3 1 P-K 4 7 B x Kt 7 BxB 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 8 P - Kt 3 8 Q-R 5+ 2 Kt - KB 3 3 Kt - B 3 9 P x Kt 9 Kt x KtP 3 B-B 4 4 PxP 10 Q x P + 10 K - Q 2 4 P - Q 4 (a) 5 Kt - Kt 5 (b) 5 Kt - K 4 White to make his 11th move. 6 QxP 6 Q - K 2 (c) Black-Pollock. 7 Castles 7 P - KR 3 8 Kt - KB 3 8 Kt x Kt + 9 P-Q 3 9 P x Kt 10 P - B 3 10 Kt - B 3 11 Kt - R 4 11 B - B 4 (d) 12 Kt x B 12 B - KKt 3 13 P - KR 4 13 BP x Kt 14 P - R 5 14 KR - K sq 15 Q - K 4 15 P - KKt 4 16 Q - QR 4 16 Q - B 2 17 B - Q 2 17 K - R sq 18 B - K 2 18 P - QR 3 19 Q - QB 4 (e) 19 Q - Q 2 20 Castles (QR) 20 B - B sq 21 Q x Q 21 Q - K 3 22 B - K 3 22 R x Q White-Bla.ckburne. 23 B - B 3 23 B - Q 3 24 P - Q 4 11 Kt - Q 5 24 Kt - Q sq 11 R - B sq 25 B - Kt 4 12 B - K 2 25 P - K 5 12 P - B 4 26 P - KKt3(f) 13 P x P 26 R - K 2 13 B x P 27 P - QB 4 27 Kt - B 2 14 Q x P + 14 K - K sq

GIUOCO PIANO, E VANS GAMBIT, AND BRANCHES.

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

(e) Ble.ck he.s improved his position,

28 B - R 3 Kt - R 3 P-B 3 29 P - B 5 30 K - B 2 B-B 2 31 P �QKt 4 R -Q sq 32 P - R 4 Kt - Kt sq KR - K sq (g) 33 P - Kt 5 34 P x P RP x P 35 P x P Kt - K 2 Kt x P 36 K - B 3 P - Kt 3 37 P - Q 5 B-K 4+ 38 K - B 4 39 K - Kt 5 Kt - R 4 +

e.nd it is now slightly in his fe.vour.

(/) To prevent the exche.nge of Bishops. (g) The beginning of e. combine.tion which saves the game. (h) Ble.ck must now play to draw. (i) It we.s not necessary to do more the.n dre.w, a.s the match wa.s safe in hand, H&d it been otherwise I would have tried to win by R - QKt sq.

Game 65.

Two Knights' Defence.

White to me.ke his 40th move. Bl.&ck-Pillsbury.

=::::;::;;;:;:::;i

Played in the Cable Match between England and America in 1899. White.

White-Ble.ckburne.

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

PxP R - R sq + (i) KR - Kt sq + R-R 5+ R-R 4+ R-R 5+ R-R 4+ R-R 5+ R-R 4+ Drawn

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

75

K x Kt (h) K - Kt 5 K-B 4 KxP K-B 4 K-B 5 K-B 4 K-B 5

game.

(a) I like this better the.n Kt - Kt ts at once. (b) Castling brings about a. form of the " Me.x Le.nge . (c) Kt x B, followed by P - Q 4, leads to e. drawing p osition. (d) White hs.s now the better position. Perbe.p s R - K sq ws.s stron ger the.n the text move. "

·

Black.

J. H. Bla.ckburne. Mr. Pillsbury. 1 P-K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - KB 3 2 Kt - QB 3 3 B-B 4 3 Kt - B 3 4 P - Q 3 (a) 4 B - B 4 5 B x B (b) 5 B-K 3 6 PxB 6 Castles 7 P-Q 3 7 Kt - B 3 8 Castles 8 QKt - R 4 9 Kt x B 9 B - Kt 3 10 Kt - Kt 5 10 RP x Kt 11 Q - K sq 11 P - KB 4 12 P x P 12 B x P 13 Kt - R 3 (c) 13 P - R 3 14 B - K 3 14 P - K 4 15 P - R 3 15 Q - K 3 16 Kt - Kt 5 16 B - B 2 17 QL Kt 3 (d) 17 p - B 3 18 R - B 2 18 Q - K 2 19 QR - KB sq 19 B - Kt 3 20 Q - K 3 (e) 20 R x R 21 R - KB sq 21 R x R 22 Kt - Q sq 22 R - B 3 23 R x R 23 P x R 24 Kt - KB 3 24 Kt - B 2 25 P - KB 4 25 Kt - B 3 26 P x P 26 B x P 27 P - KKt 4 27 B - B sq 28 P - R 3 28 Kt - K 4 29 Kt - Kt 3 29 P - Q 4

GAMES A T CHESS.

30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

K - Kt 2 P-B 3 Kt - R 4 KKt - B 5 Kt x B K - Kt 3 P-R 4 Q-B 3 P-B 4 QP x P Q-B 4 QxQ K-B 4 KxP

30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

K - B sq P - B 4 (/) Q - Q 3 (g) H x Kt Q - QB 3 P - Kt 3 P - QR 4 Q-K 3 P - K 5 (h) Q-K 4+ P x KP Kt x Q Kt - Q 6 + Kt x P

White to make his 44th move. Black-Pillsbury.

White-Bla.ckbume.

44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58

Kt - K 3 {i) 44 45 K-B 5 P - Kt 5 46 PxP 47 48 P - Kt 6 49 Kt - Q 5 50 Kt - B 4 K - Kt 5 51 K-R 5 52 53 K - Kt 5 K - Kt 4 (k) 54 K-R 5 55 K - Kt 5 56 Kt - R 5 + 57 K-B 6 58

K-B 2 Kt - Q 6 PxP K - Kt 2 Kt - K 8 (j) Kt - B 6 Kt - Q 5 + Kt - B 6 + Kt - Q 5 Kt - B 6 + Kt - Q 5 Kt x P Kt - Q 5 K - B sq Kt - B 6

59 Kt - B 4 60 Kt - Q 5 61 K - Kt 5 62 -K - R 6 63 P x Kt 64 K - Kt 5 65 K - B 4 66 Kt - B 7 + 67 Kt - Kt 5 + 68 K - K 4 69 K - Q 3 70 K - B 2 71 K - B 3

59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

Kt - R 7 Kt - Kt 5 + Kt - K 4 Kt - B 2 + KxP K-K 3 P-R 5 K-Q 3 K-B 3 K - Kt 2 K-R 3 K-R 4 Resigns.

(a) In the previous game I played the usual move P - Q 4, which is probably better. The text move brings about a. kind of Giuoco Piano. (b) This is now considered better than B - Kt 3 . (c) The Knight looks out of place here, but it was better than retiring to B 3 . (d) I thought afterwards that R - B 2, with a. view of doubling the Rooks, was stronger. (e) It will be seen that my 17th move was a loss of time. (!) To prevent P - Kt 4, but it does not turn out well. He probably ought to have played it when his King stood on Kt sq. (g) The game waa adjourned e.t this point, and this was Mr. Pillsbury's see.led move. I he.d e.nticipated K - K sq. If Q x Kt then Q x P + , a.nd White comes out with a Pawn to the good. (h) The best reply. If P x P or P - Q li, the Pawn position would have been in White's fe.vour. (i) Kt x P would carte.inly not do more than draw, on account of P - R ll ; a.nd as the me.tch was going a.go.inst us I was obliged to play to the score and try for winning chances. (j) No time for Kt - B 8, because K - Kt 5 and Kt - B 5 + would be decisive. (kl At this ste.ge the match we.a lost, so I burnt my boa.ts, and went in to do or die.

GIUOCO PIANO, E VANS GAMBIT, AND BRANCHES.

22 23 Three Knights' Opening. 24 . 25 Played in the London Tourna­ 26 ment in 1883. 27 Game 66.

White.

Q - K sq (m) RxP Q - K 2 (p) K - Kt sq QxR

Bia.ck.

J. H. Blackburne. W. Steinitz. 1 P- K 4 1 P-K 4 2 Kt - QB 3 2 Kt - KB 3 3 P - KKt 3 (a) 3 Kt - B 3 4 PxP 4 P-Q 4 5 Kt x P 5 B - Kt 2 6 B-K 3 6 Kt - B 3 7 Castles 7 B-K 2 8 Castles 8 Kt - K 2 (b) 9 B - B 3 (c) 9 P-Q 3 IO Kt - Q 2 (d) IO Q - Q 2 11 B - KR 6 11 Kt - K 4 12 B x B 12 K x B (e) 13 P - KB 3 (/) 13 B - K 2 14 P - B 4 14 Kt - B 2 (g) 15 QR - Q sq 15 P - B 3 (h) 16 B - B 4 16 B - Q 2 17 R x B 17 B x Kt (i) 18 P - B 5 18 Kt - B sq (J) Position after Black's 18th move. Bla.ck-Steinitz.

White-Bla.ckburne.

19 P - K 5 (k) 20 Kt - K 6 + 21 P x B

Q - Kt 5 22 R - Q 3 (n) 23 R - R 3 (o) 24 Q-R 6+ 25 26 R-B 8+ Q x RP mate.

77

19 BP x P 20 B x Kt 21 R x K 2 (Z)

(a) This wa.s a. fa.vourite defence of Steinitz a.t tha.t time, but Kt - B 3, ma.king the four Knights' game, is now considered stronger. (b) This is better than R - K sq, which Steinitz had played in a previous game with Zukertort. (c) This prevents P - Q 4. (d) Steinitz says : " Much inferior to Kt - K sq, followed by P - QB 3, in case White replied B - R 6, in which case Bia.ck would obtain a.n excellent game by P - KB 4 " (Modern Chess Instructor, p. 53). (e) Kt x B + was not more satisfactory, a.s the Knight retakes with a good game. (f) Characteristic of Black's style. P - B 4 would have yielded more chances. (g) Making his game still more cramped. (h) Weakening the Queen's Pawn. (i) Here the idea of the combination began to dawn. (j) To protect the Queen's Pawn. (k) Steinitz describes this as " a. puzzling plan of attack ". It took both him and the spectators by surprise. (Z) R x R is still more disastrous. (m) Steinitz says this was a. grave error, but on trying the game over after­ wards we found that he could scarcely hope to obtain a.n equal position. (n) The MO