Основные операции AutoCAD 2002. Учебное пособие

Citation preview

я я

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: . М.

р к в

Т. П. р а е к . А. К р А. . е

я

2003

в кри ва

я я

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ЦИИ

AutoCAD 2002 У

: . М.

р к в

Т. П. р а е к . А. К р А. . е

У

я

2003

в кри ва

У К 744. 425 (075) К 30. 11 я 7 0 – 75 0 – 75

.

. , . . .– я : ISBN 5-89/46-300-0

AutoCAD 2002 / , . А. К , 2003. – 100 .

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.: -

, А. .

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AutoCAD 2002, .

я .

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«

. я

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». У К 744. 425 (075) К 30. 11 я 7 К

: . . ., . . .,

И. , . .

я Autocad 2002 К

: К

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я

К . .

30.11.2003. я. . . . 5,82. я ISBN 5–89/46–300–0 432027, . я , . . я , 432027, .

60×84/16. .- . . 5,50.

, . 32. я ,

N1. 400

. ©К ©

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, 2003 .

, 2003

........................................................................................................... 5 1.

AUTOCAD .............................................................. 7 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. 1.7. 1.8. 1.9. 1.10. 1.10.1. 1.10.2.

А А

2.

............................................................................................. 7 ...................................................................... 10 ......................................................................................... 12 ................................................................................ 13 ................................................................... 18 ................................................................................ 18 .............................................................................. 20 ............................................................... 23 .................................................................................... 24 ........................................................................... 26 В А ВЕ А Щ Ы ........................................... 27 В А А ..................................................................... 28

........................ 30 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 2.7. 2.8. 2.9.

3.

.

................................................ 30 .................................................................................................. 31 .................................................................................................................. 31 .................................................................................................... 32 ............................................................................................................ 34 ........................................................................................... 35 ........................................................................................... 36 ................................................................................................ 36 ................................................................................................................ 37

.................................................... 42 3.1. 3.2. 3.2.1. 3.2.2.

4.

.................................................................................................... 42 ................................................................................ 45 А А А Е Ы Е ........................................................ 45 А Е Е Е А Е В ..........................................................................51

............................................ 56 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5.

............................................. 57 .......................................................................... 58 ................................................ 59 ........................................................ 59 .............................................................. 60

4 4.6. 4.7. 4.8. 4.9. 4.10. 4.11. 4.12. 4.13. 4.14.

......................................................................... 62 .................................................................................... 62 .............................................................. 63 .......................................................................... 63 ..................... 64 .............................................. 65 ............................................................. 65 ............................................................................ 66 ................................................................. 67

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Autodesk Limited, .

AutoCAD 2002

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.

7

1.

AUTOCAD

1.1.

, .Э

.

,

,

. – , ,

, AutoCAD

Start Up (

)(

. 1.1.

. 1.1).

Start Up

, .

8

,

Start Up. -

.

– Use a Wizard (

);

– Use a Template (

);

– Start from Scratch (

); – Open a Drawing (

). ,

Use a Wizard

,

,

. Use a Template,

–

Select a Template (

, )

Start Up

,

).

Preview (

,

.

, ,

OK. . (Start from Scratch),

,

, ,

, AutoCAD.

Start Up –

.

Start Up Select a file (

(Open a Drawing).

),

)

(

(

),

. .

, (

Preview )

.

, .

9

,

Select a file е

More files (Д

а ы)

,

Select a file, ,

, (

)

-

(CD-ROM),

. New (

),

changes to …? (

: Save

…?).

,

(

),

.

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.

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Yes

).

No (

).

Create New Drawing (

),

Up,

Start .

Open a Drawing. Open (

)

Select File (

),

. ,

,

, Start Up

(

),

Use a Template (

),

. ,

Open a Drawing

10

(

), .

1.2.

Start Up (

)

,

. AutoCAD. . . . ,

, –

. , (

.1.2). :

File (

)–

; ) –

Edit (

Windows; View (

)–

,

, ,

,

,

,

,

; ; Insert (

) –

,

,

; Format (

) –

,

,

11

;

, ;

,

,

;

) –

Tools (

,

, ; ; Draw ( Dimension (

)–

; ) – ;

. 1.2.

12

) -

Modify ( ; )–

Help (

.

1.3.

–

, . , .

: Format (

) –> Drawing Limits (

).

: /ON/OFF/ : .

( = 0,

= 0)

.

Enter,

.

: Upper right corner : .

Э

(

)

.

, 3 (420×297

). ,

Enter.

Enter.

13

1.4.

,

,

. , (

)(

Zoom

. 1.3).

. 1.3.

Zoom

Pan Realtime ( ) ( .

. 1.4).

.

,

,

,

,

.

.

, ,

, ,

,

. , .

. 1.4.

-

Pan Realtime

14

Zoom Realtime ( ) .

,

, ,

,

,

. 1.5.

,

.

, . ,

,

,

, .Э .

. 1.5.

Zoom Realtime

,

. ,

Pan Realtime,

, , . 1. 6.

Zoom Realtime.

Zoom

Zoom

(

). . Zoom ,

.

15

( 1.6.),

Pan (

–

)

Zoom ( √

).

(

),

.

,

. ,

.

,

, .

Zoom, ,

Zoom .

, ,

.

.

-

Zoom Window (

).

, . , . Э

, . Zoom

Window, . , , .

(

. 1.7).

. 1. 7.

16

–

,

Window.

. ,

, .

,

. –

, .

.

.

. .

, .

.

, , ,

.

. ,

, Zoom,

( , (

. 1.7),

,

Zoom All

),

. . Zoom.

Window,

, Zoom Previous (

17

)

.

Zoom .

, . Э

. ,

.

,

, ,

.

,

, .

.

(Pan Realtime)

(Zoom Realtime)

Zoom, ,

. (

. 1.6).

:

Zoom Window (

)

Zoom Previous ( Zoom Extents (

) ). Zoom. Zoom Window. .

,

, ,

, .

. .

Zoom Window . (

),

Zoom Extents ,

.

18

1.5.

AutoCAD 2002,

, :

F1 –

(Help);

F2 –

/

F3 –

/

F6 –

; (OSNAP); /

; F7 –

/

F8 –

/

(GRID);

Y (ORTO); F9 –

/

(SNAP). Drafting Settings ( Tools

Snap

(

Grid),

),

Drafting

Settings …

(

...).

1.6.

–

,

,

. . , ,

,

,

19

Osnap (

)

. Tracking

(

),

, . Osnap (

Zoom (

. 1.8).

),

,

,

. .

Osnap. ( ) . , ,

Osnap ,

, . . 1. 8.

.

.

, , ,

–

–

.

1.1. , ,

, AutoCAD

.

,

.

20

, ,

. 1.1.

1.7.

,

AutoCAD. 20-

. .

, ,

– .

21

. Object Snap (

). : View (

) – Toolbars (

). Toolbars (

. 1.9).

,

. (

),

. .

. 1.9.

Object Snap ,

,

.

( ),

Close (

)

Toolbars, .

22

Object Snap (

) ,

,

,

.

. : ,

.

,

,

.

, . -

,

.

. .

. ( ,

. 1.10).

. .

. 1.2.

. 1.10.

, .

,

23

Close (

).

.

, View (

). Object Snap . , ,

. . , .

1.8. Э , . .

Object Snap Setting (

Object Snap ).

AutoCAD 2002

Drafting Settings (

)(

Object Snap Modes ( (

. 1.11). )

)

. ,

Э

.

, . ,

24

.

,

,

. Osnap (

)

.

( )

Osnap F3.

AutoCAD 2002

. 1.11.

1.9.

AutoCAD

,

. . 1.

: Close (

).

25

AutoCAD ( (

. 1.12)

Save changes to ...? (Cancel)

...?). .

Yes (

.

No (

)

)

.

. 1.12.

2.

File (

).

, (

Exit

)

.

AutoCAD,

. ,

3. Э ,

. , ,

.

26

Open (

).

AutoCAD Yes (

)

Save changes to ...?.

No (

).

,

No (

).

Select File ( (

).

)

.

.

1.10.

,

,

. Object Properties (

),

Layers

Layer Control

Color Control

(

(

(

)

)

Make Objects Layer Current

. 1.13. Lineweight Control )

(

)

Linetype Control

(

)

(

)

Object Properties (

. 1.13.

)

, ,

Continuous ( Default (

)

).

,

Object Properties ( By

Layer

(

) ),

27

( А

1.10.1.

В А

ВЕ А

). Щ

Ы ,

. , , 1.14, )

Lineweight Control ( Color Control (

)(

)(

.

. 1.14, ). .

( )

. 1.14.

Select Color (

)

( )

Lineweight Control (

), ( (

)

Format Color … (

…).

…)

Lineweight …

28

А

1.10.2.

В А

А ,

. Linetype Control ( (

) . 1.15).

, Other … (

.

…).

Linetype Manager

(

)

Load … (

…).

Load or Reload Linetype ( ) (

. 1.16) .

Linetype Manager (

). Linetype Control (

)

, .

. 1.15.

Linetype Manager (

) Format (

Linetype … (

…).

),

29

. 1.16.

30

2.

AutoCAD

, ,

,

. Draw

(

)

.

2.1. ►

Line (

.

). :

Command: line Specify first point: 30, 50 (Enter) : Specify next point or [Undo]: 80, 50 (Enter) [

]:

Specify next point or [Undo]: 120, 100 (Enter) [

]:

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 50, 50 (Enter) [

/

]:

, . , .

, . @.

31

2.2. ►

Circle (

).

К

:

Command: _circle Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr]: 300, 300 (Enter) [2T/3T/К

]:

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: 50 (Enter) [

]:

: 2P (2 ) –

;

3P (3 ) – Ttr (

)–

ttt (

) –

,

; ; (

).

2.3. ►

Arc (

). :

Command: _arc Specify start point of arc or [Center]: 100, 100 (Enter) [

]:

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: 100, 150 (Enter) [

/К

]:

Specify end point of arc: 150, 150 (Enter) :

, .

,

32

: S, C, E ( ,

)–

,

,

;

; S, C, A ( ,

, )–

,

S, C, L ( ,

, )–

,

S, E, R ( , , ) –

,

S, E, A ( , , ) –

,

S, E, Dir ( , (

; ; ;

.) –

,

;

,

,

);

C, S, E ( ,

, )–

,

C, S, L ( ,

, )–

,

C, S, A ( ,

, )–

,

; ; .

. , .

2.4.

PolyLine (

) . :

►

PolyLine (

К

). :

Command: _pline Specify start point: 100, 100 (Enter) : Current Line-width is 0.0000 0.0000

33 Specify

next

point

or

[Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/

Width]: w (Enter) [ /

/

/

/

/

]:

Specify starting width : 1 (Enter) : Specify ending width : (Enter) : Specify next point or [Arc/…]: 150, 150 (Enter) [

/…]:

, : Arc (

)–

;

Close (

)–

Halfwidth (

(

);

)–

Length (

)–

Undo (

)–

Width (

; ; ;

)–

. :

►

PolyLine (

). :

Command: _pline Specify start point: 250, 100 (Enter) : Specify next point or [Arc/…]: A (Enter) [ Specify

end

point

of

arc

/…]: or

[Angle/Center/Direction/

Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: 400, 100 (Enter) [ /

/

/

/

/ ]:

/

/

34

: Angle (

)–

Center (

;

)–

;

Direction (

) –

,

; Line (

)–

Radius (

; )–

;

Second pt (

)–

.

2.5.

Donut ( ►

)

Donut (

.

). :

Command: _donut Specify

inside diameter of donut : 20 (Enter) :

Specify outside diameter of donut : 25 (Enter) : Specify center of donut or : 100, 200 (Enter)
:

. Enter.

35

2.6.

Rectangle (

) .

►

Rectangle (

). :

Command: _rectangle Specify

first

corner

point

or

[Chamfer/Elevation/

Fillet/Tickness/Width]: 100,100 (Enter) [

/

/

/

/

]:

Specify other corner point: @ 150, 50 (Enter) :

, . : Command: _rectang Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/…]: C (Enter) [

/…]:

Specify first chamfer distance for rectangles : 5 (Enter) : Specify

second

chamfer

distance

for

rectangles

:

(Enter) : Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/…]: 100, 100 (Enter) [

/…]:

Specify other corner point: @ 150, 50 (Enter) :

36

2.7.

Polygon ( 3 ►

)

1024

.

Polygon (

). :

Command: _polygon Enter number of sides : 6 (Enter) : Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 100, 100 (Enter) [

]:

Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumschribed

about

circle] : (Enter) [

/

] :

Specify radius of circle: 50 (Enter) :

2.8.

Construction Line (

)

. ►

Construction Line (

).

: Command: xline Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]: H (Enter) [

./

./

Specify through point: 50, 50 (Enter)

/

./

]:

37 : Specify through point: 50, 60 (Enter) : и т. д.

, .) –

Hor ( Ver (

.) –

Ang (

)–

; ; ;

.) –

Bisect (

,

)–

Offset ( Ray ( ►

:

Ray (

; .

)

.

). :

Command: _ray Specify start point: 150, 150 (Enter) : Specify through point: 200, 150 (Enter) : и т. д.

2.9.

AutoCAD Text (

)

Multiline Text ( (

( (

Single Line ).

).

Style

),

Text Style (

. 2.1).

)

Text Style … ( Format (

…)

). .

Font Name

Arial Cyr, Courier Cyr, Times New Roman Cyr,

Ё.

38

. 2.1.

Text Style

Font Style ( ( Height ( Effects (Э

)

,

,

уж

,

)

ы

у

в).

. )

:

Upside down –

;

Backwards –

;

Vertical –

;

Width Factor (

) –

; Oblique Angle (

) –

. ,

New … (

New Text Style (

…), )(

.

. 2.1).

39

,

OK. Style Name (

). Single Line Text (

)

. (

)

(

Draw

Text (

)

Single Line Text

). К

:

Command: _dtext Current text style: “Standart” Text height: 2.5000 : «

»

: 2.5000

Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: 100, 200 (Enter) [

/

]:

Specify height : 10 (Enter) : Specify rotation angle of text : (Enter) : Enter text:

(Enter) :

,

Enter.

, (

Text Style (

)

. 2.1).

: Justify (

) – ;

Style (

) –

,

Text Style. Draw

(

)

Text (

)

Multiline Text

40

(

).

,

. : Command: _mtext Current text style: @ “Standart” Text height: 2.5 (Enter) : «

»

:

Specify first corner: 100, 100 (Enter) : Specify

opposite

corner

or

Rotation/Style/Width]: 200, 150

[Height/Justify/ (Enter) [

/

/

/

LineSpacing/ /

/

]:

:

,

. .

Multiline Text Editor (

) (

. 2.2).

: Character (

) –

,

,

,

, ,

,

; Properties (

) –

(Style), (Justification),

(Width)

(Rotation); ) –

LineSpacing ( (At least) Find/Replace (

(Exactly) /

) – Replace with (

; (Find)

,

, ). OK.

41

. 2.2. (

Multiline Text Editor )

42

3.

3.1.

AutoCAD

BHATCH ( ,

Draw (

Hatch … ( )

. (

)(

. 3.1.

). …)

Hatch (

)

Boundary Hatch . 3.1).

(Boundary Hatch)

43

, .

Type (

)

Predefined ( Pattern (

).

)

, Swatch. Hatch Pattern

Palette (

),

,

Pattern (

).

OK. (

)

Angle (

Scale

)

/ . Type ( User defined (

Angle (

)

).

),

Spacing (

)

Double (

,

,

).

-

.

. Composition

(

(

)

)

Associative

Noassociative (

).

AutoCAD

.

Pick Points ( Hatch

,

),

Boundary

. ,

. . Boundary Hatch,

,

Enter. OK.

44

Select Object (

). , ,

. ,

Enter.

Boundary Hatch, .

«

»,

Remove Islands (

).

View Selection ( ,

).

. ,

,

,

Advanced (

)

Island detection style (

Boundary Hatch. )

(

Normal (

) –

. 3.2). , ,

, ; Outer (

)– ;

Ignore (

)– .

Preview ( Boundary Hatch

), Enter, .

45

. 3.2.

3.2.

А

3.2.1.

А А

Е

Ы

Е ,

,

–

. AutoCAD

, . ,

.

46

DDIM (

)

Dimension Style Manager ( ), (

)(

Style … (

…)

Dimension

. 3.3).

. 3.3.

New (

).

Create New Dimension Style ( )(

3.4).

New Style Name ( 2.307.

)

Start Witch (

)

Use for (

) Continue (

New Dimension Style:

,

All Dimensions ( ),

2.307 ( .

. 3.5),

STANDART. ).

47

. 3.4.

Э

,

(

– Line and Arrows

).

,

. 3.5.

Dimension Line ( (

)

) 8 (

Baseline Spacing

48

,

).

(Lineweight)

ByBlock.

Extension Line (

)

dim lines ( ),

Extension beyond

2(

)

0 (

(Color)

Offset from origin (

)

),

. Arrowheads ( ) 5,

)

1st (1-

Arrow size (

)

Closed filled (

). Leader (

)

Closed filled.

Center Marks for Circles ( Type (

)

Line (

)

). Size (

)

Text (

)(

Text Appearance (

3.5.

. 3.6).

)

Text Style (

)

. Text Color (

)

Text height (

ByBlock. )

5.

Text Placement ( ( (

)

Above )

Centered (

) (

Vertical

),

Horizontal ). .

Offset from dim line (

)

(

). Text Alignment ( ISO Standard (

ISO).

)

1

49

. 3.6.

Fit ( Placement (

)(

. 3.7).

Text

)

Over the

dimension line, with a leader (

). ,

. 3.7. Primary Units (

)(

Linear Dimensions ( (

)

Precision (

Decimal (

Unit format ),

) – 0.0 (

Decimal separator ( Comma (

)

).

. 3.8).

). )

50

. 3.7.

Measurement Scale ( (

)

)

Scale factor

)

Leading

1. Zero Suppression (

(

)

Trailing (

)

.

Angular Dimensions ( (

)

)

(

)

Decimal Degrees Precision (

, Alternate Units ( Tolerance (

),

. ,

.

Units format

)–0(

). )

51

. 3.8.

OK, Dimension Style Manager ( ),

Close (

3.2.2.

А Е Е

Dimension (

Е А

). Е

В

)

.

, OSNAP (F3) .

52

►

Linear Dimension (

)

: Command:_dimlinear Specify first extension line origin or :
:

Specify second extension line origin: : Specify

dimension

line

location

or

[Mtext/Text/Angle/

Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated ]: [ /

/

]:

) –

)(

Text

Editor

(

. 2.2);

)–

Enter dimension text ( Angle (

/

:

Multiline

Text (

/ .

, Mtext (

/

);

)–

Specify angle of dimension text ( Horizontal (

);

) – ;

Vertical (

)– ;

Rotated (

)– Specify angle of dimension line ( ). , .

53

►

Linear Dimension (

)

: Command:_dimlinear Specify first extension line origin or : Enter
:

Select object to dimension: : Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/…]: [

/…]:

, . .Э

, .

►

Diameter Dimension (

)

: Command:_dimdiameter Select arc or circle: : Dimension text = 60 Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: [

Mtext (

), Text (

Linear Dimension ( ►

Radius Dimension (

/

) ).

)

: Command:_dimradius Select arc or circle: :

/

Angle (

]:

)

54 Dimension text = 60 Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: [

►

Angular Dimension (

/

/

]:

)

: Command:_dimangular Select arc, circle, line, or : ,

,

,


:

,

,

.

, :

• •

; –

,

, Specify second angle endpoint: ( •

:);

Select second line: (

:).

: Command:_dimangular Select arc, circle, line or : Enter ,

,

Specify angle vertex: : Specify first angle endpoint:


:

55 : Specify second angle end point: : Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: [

Э ►

/

/

]:

. Center Mark (

)

: Command:_dimcenter Select arc or circle: :

56

4.

, ( ,

.

,

,

,

) ,

, ,

,

.

(

,

,

,

) Select objects:

(

:). ,

.

.

, :

Window (

) – ,

,

.

Crossing (

) – ,

, ALL (

,

,

.

)–

.

, Select objects: (

:). ALL,

, (Crossing) – C,

(Window)

W,

57

,

. (Crossing) –

.

, . .

, Enter. Modify

(

),

–

.

4.1.

Erase (

), Enter. ►

Erase (

) :

Command:_erase Select object: : Enter

OOPS (

).

.

Undo (

)

.

. Undo (

)

Redo (

).

58

Ctrl

.

Z

4.2.

Copy (

)

. ►

Copy (

) :

Command:_copy Select object: : Enter Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: ,

[

]:

Specify second point of displacement or : < >:

Multiple (

).

.

. Enter.

Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: M Enter ,

[

]

Specify base point: : Specify second point of displacement for : Enter < >:

59

4.3.

(

Mirror

)

,

. ,

.

– ►

Mirror (

.

) :

Command:_mirror Select objects: Enter : Specify first point of mirror line: : Specify second point of mirror line: : Delete source object? [Yes/No]: Enter ? [

/

]< >:

« . Y

Enter.

4.4.

Offset (

) .

►

Offset (

) :

Command:_offset

,

»,

Enter

60 Specify offset distance o [Through]: [

]:

Select object to offset or :
:

Specify point side to offset: Enter

. , ,

Enter. Through (

),

, . ►

Offset (

) :

Specify offset distance or [Through]: t Enter [

]
:

Select object to offset or :
:

Specify though point: Enter :

, .

Enter

4.5.

Array (

) .

►

Array (

) :

61 Command:_array Select objects: Enter : Enter the type array [Rectangular/Polar]: Enter [

/К

]< >:

Enter the number of rows (---): Enter (---) : Enter the number of columns (|||): Enter (|||): Enter the distance between rows or specify unit cell(---): (---): Specify the distance between columns (|||): (|||):

►

Array (

) :

Command:_array Select objects: Enter : Enter the type array [Rectangular/Polar]: p Enter [

]< >: К

/К

Specify center point of array: : Enter the number of items in the array: : Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw,-=cw): (+=ccw,-=cw):

.

, .

–

62

: Rotate arrayed objects?[Yes/No]: Enter ? [

/

]< >:

4.6.

Move (

)

. .

►

Move (

) :

Command:_move Select object: Enter : Specify base point or displacement: : Specify second point of displacement or : < >:

4.7.

Rotate (

)

. ►

Rotate (

) :

Select objects: Enter Specify base point: :

63 Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: [

]:

4.8.

(

Scale

)

. ►

Scale (

) :

Select objects: Enter Specify base point: : Specify scale factor or [Reference]: Enter [

]:

. 0 –

1.

Reference (

) .

4.9.

Stretch (

) ,

►

Stretch (

) :

1,

64 Command:_stretch Select objects to stretch by crossing – window… … Select objects: C Enter : Specify first corner: : Specify opposite corner: Enter : Specify base point or displacement: : Specify second point of displacement: :

4.10.

Trim (

)

, ►

.

Trim (

) :

Command:_trim Select cutting edges … … Select objects: Enter : Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Enter [ ]:

.

Enter.

.

/К

/

65

Project (

) – ;

(

Edge

)

– ;

Undo (

)–

.

4.11.

Extend (

)

(

)

. ,

►

.

Extend (

) :

Command:_extend Select boundary edges … … Select objects: Enter : Select object to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Enter ,

[

/К

/

]:

.

Enter.

4.12.

Break (

) (

,

,

).

,

,

66

►

Break (

) :

Command:_break Select object: К

:_

:

Specify second break point or [First point]: [

]:

, . , First point (

).

. ,

, -

.

4.13.

Chamfer (

)

. . . . ►

Chamfer (

) :

Command:_chamfer Select first line or [Poliline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: D Enter [

/К

/

/

Specify first chamfer distance : 5 Enter : Specify second chamfer distance : 5 Enter

/

]

67 :

: Poliline (

)–

Distance (

;

)–

; Angle (

)– ;

Trim (

)–

Method (

;

)–

:

. .

►

Chamfer (

) :

Select first line or [Poliline / …]: [

/ …]:

Select second line: :

, Trim ( No Trim (

),

),

.

4.14.

Fillet (

)

,

, . , .

►

Fillet (

) :

68 Command:_fillet Select first object or [Poliline/Radius/Trim]:R Enter [

/

/

]:

Specify fillet radius : 12 Enter :

: Poliline (

)–

Radius (

)–

Trim (

) –

; ;

. ►

Fillet (

) :

Command:_fillet Select first object or [Poliline/Radius/Trim]: [ Select second object: :

/

/

]:

69

Я 1.

. Drawing limits.

Format :

Command: '_limits Reset Model space limits: Specify lower left corner :

or

[ON/OFF]

, (

-

0,0). Specify upper right corner :

,

(420,297). Drafting settings (

Tools

). Х

Y,

1

,

, Snap On (F9).

-

70

(1

F9

) 1

.

Snap

.

2. . ,

Line -

Draw .

, Х

(100,100):

Y

Command: _line Specify first point: 100,100

.

(200,100).

Specify 200,100

next

point

or

[Undo]:

«

-

», ,

. ,

, F8

.

-

71

. (100): Specify next 100

point

or

[Undo]:

-

, (100)

:

Specify Undo]: 100

next

point

or

[Close/

К

-

, , Х

.

Y

@, +

–

(@-50,-50): Specify next [Close/Undo]: @-50,-50

point

or

(@50,-50): Specify next Undo]: @50,-50

point

or

[Close/

3.

“

-

” (

,

,

. .), «

».

« .

»

-

72

50

. -

. ,

, . -

. : Command: -

-

,

, .

Esc

. , (50): Specify stretch point or point/Copy/Undo/eXit]: 50

[Base

:

;

;

; -

(

) 50

.

73

4.

,

–

-

. Modify Chamfer. . : Command: _chamfer (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 10.0000, Dist2 = 10.0000 Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/ Angle/Trim/Method]: Dist1 = 10.0000 и

,

Dist2 = 10.0000

10

.

, .К

– ), -

( .

,

, .

Chamfer

-

: [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: Distance,

. : Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: Dist

, (20): Specify first chamfer distance : 20

: Specify second chamfer distance : 20

.Ч ,

Chamfer. К

,

74

. 45 °

.

Fillet

. -

, 20

.

Modify .

-

,

:

Command:FILLET Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 10.0000 Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: Rad

(30

):

Specify fillet radius : 30

, .

-

75

5. AutoCAD Polygon Draw ( ).

,

-

. (

6):

Command: _polygon Enter number of sides : 6

(

340,200):

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 340,200

(

). : Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] : Inscribed in circle

, Circumscribed about circle ( ,

i.

)–

c.

:

Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] : i

76

(35

): Specify radius of circle: 35

35 . -

( )

35

(

,

):

Command: _polygon Enter number of sides : 6 Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 200,250 [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about

Enter an option circle] : c Specify radius of circle: 35

Я

6.

Rectangle

-

Draw .

.

,

, ,

,

-

. ( 280,30

400,100), :

Command: _rectang Specify first corner [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/ Thickness/Width]: 280,30 Specify other corner point: 400,100

point

or

77

7. –

,

,

,

(

).

, Modify

.

-

Offset ( ). , . ,

, 15

-

:

Command: _offset Specify offset distance or [Through] :15

(

) . !!!

)

( Enter

я . , ( ).

, , . Enter.

-

78

8. Erase

Modify . -

: Command: _erase Select objects:

. Ч

-

, ( ).

-

-

, :

Select objects: 1 found Select objects:

Э

,

-

(1 found), .

,

-

Enter. ,

,

,

, (

). , Erase

,

, . (

) , .

, .

, -

79

я

. Esc. Erase

, , , . , . я

.

Enter. Ч

, Undo

Edit . Э .

.

, Redo

,

-

. .К

!!! Redo

,

,

, Undo. .

80

9. Modify

-

Copy .

,

-

. .

Command: _copy Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 1 found

,

, (

Enter. )

.Э

-

. Specify base point displacement, or [Multiple]:

( . .). (

, -

). (

or

).

F8

Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: Specify second point of displacement or :

, . ,

.

81

10. Move

, .

Modify

. , Enter,

,

,

. Command: _move Select objects: 1 found

Enter

Select objects:

20

.

.

(

, ). К 20

(@20