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A SEA N Econo mic
Co~operation
The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies was established as an autonomous orgamzation in 1968. It is a regional research centre for scholars and other specialists concerned with modern Southeast Asia, particularly the multi-faceted problems of stability and security, economic developmen t, and political and social change. The Institute is governed by a twenty-two-member Board of Trustees comprising nominees from the Singapore Government, the National University of Singapore, the various Chambers of Commerce, and professional and civic organizations. A ten-man Executive Committee oversees day-to-day operations; it is chaired by the Director, the Institute's chief academic and administrati ve officer. The ASEAN Economic Research Unit is an integral part of the Institute, coming under the overall supervision of the Director who is also the Chairman of its Managemen t Committee. The Unit was formed in 1979 in response to the need to deepen understandin g of economic change and political developmen ts in ASEAN. The day-to-day operations of the Unit are the responsibility of the Co-ordinator. A Regional Advisory Board, consisting of a senior economist from each of the ASEAN countries, guides the work of the Unit.
ASEA
Economic
Co~operation
compiled by
Hans Christoph Rieger
I5ER5
ASEAN Economic Research Unit INSTITUTE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES
Published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Heng Mui Keng Terrace Pasir Panjang Singapore 0511 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
© 1991 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Catologuing in Publication Data ASEAN economic co-operation: a handbook/compiler, Hans Christoph Rieger. I. ASEAN countries-Economic integration-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. ASEAN-Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Rieger, Hans Christoph. sls90-110014 1991 JX1979 A84 ISBN 981-3035-66-8 The responsibility for facts and opinions expressed in this publication rests exclusively with the compiler and his interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of the Institute or its supporters.
Tjpeset by The Fototype Business Printed in Singopore by Prime Pockoging Industries Pte Ltd
CONTENTS
Introduction
vii
I. The ASEAN Member Countries: Facts and Figures II. Chronology of Main Events
II
Ill. Organizational Structure of ASEAN
27
IV. ASEAN Economic Co-operation
35
ASEAN Industrial Projects (AlP)
39
ASEAN Industrial Complementation (AIC)
41
ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures (AIJV)
43
Preferential Trading Arrangements (PTA)
45
External Relations
50
Other Economic Co-operation Activities, including ASEAN machinery
57
V. ASEAN External Relations
61
Australia
63
Canada
65
Contents
European Community Japan New Zealand United States of America UNDP Other External Co-operation
66 69 72 73 75 76
ASEAN-CCI
77 79
ASEAN NGOs
84
Non-affiliated NGOs
92
VI. Private Sector Co-operation
VII. Documentation List of Documents VIII. Reference Section Abbreviations Useful Addresses Bibliography
97 99 213 215 229 231
INTRODUCTION
This handbook provides basic information on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), its organization and the various co-operation activities. The emphasis is on economic co-operation. In their day-to-day work, political and administrative decision-makers, academics working on ASEAN, as well as all informed citizens of the ASEAN countries regularly require such information. It is available in many forms, but it is mostly scattered in official documents and in the fast expanding current literature on ASEAN. There is, thus, a need to provide the basic information in a handy volume. This handbook attempts to fill that need. The material has been drawn together from many sources, and due care has been taken to be as up-to-date and accurate as possible. Nevertheless, this handbook is not an official ASEAN document and, since ASEAN is a living organization within a continuous process of change, updating will become necessary from time to time. The ASEAN Economic Research Unit of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies would welcome corrections and suggestions for improvement for the next update of this handbook. All such information should be addressed to the Co-ordinator of the ASEA\1 Economic Research Unit at the address below. The Co-ordinator ASEAN Economic Research Unit Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 0511.
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I
The ASEAN Member Countries: Facts and Figures
THE ASEAN MEMBER COUNTRIES
Basic data on the ASEAN member countries are provided in the following synoptic table. A number of readily available sources have been used, but the main compilation of demographic and other statistics is based on L.G. Martin, ed., The Asean Success Story: Social, Economic and Political Dimensions (Honolulu: East-West Center, University of Hawaii Press, 1987). The ASEAN Secretariat also provides comparative statistics in its 1989 publication, ASEAN Selected Statistics 1981-1987.
Facts and Figures
NAME
Brunei
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Brunei Darussalam
Republik Indonesia
Malaysia
Republic of the Philippines
Republic of Singapore
Thailand
President
The Yang DiPertuan Agong
President
President
King
GOVERNMENT Head of State
The Sultan
3
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
4
Brunei GEOGRAPHICAL DATA Ban dar Capital Seri Begawan Area (km 2)
5,776
OFFICIAL LANGUAGES Malay
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Jakarta
Kuala Lumpur
Manila
Singapore
Bangkok
1,906,240
332,456
300,440
618
514,820
Bahasa Indonesia
Bahasa Malaysia
Filipino
Malay, Chinese, Tamil, English
Thai
8,205 10,863 13,870 20,615
27,904 37,540 48,317 74,810
1,634 2,075 2,415 2,976
26,867 36,370 46,455 66,115
25 33 42 63
93 125 161 249
2,812 3,571 4,156 5,122
52 71 90 129
2.71 2.81 2.44 1.98
3.06 2.97 2.52 2.19
4.69 2.39 1.52 1.04
2.79 3.03 2.45 1.76
55.7 63.0 66.9 71.6
54.5 60.4 64.5 71.4
65.8 69.5 72.2 74.9
53.9 59.6 62.7 68.0
DEMOGRAPHY Total population (thousands)
1960 1970 1980 2000 (projected)
90 133 228 386
96,194 120,280 150,958 204,486
Density (population per km 2)
1960 1970 1980 2000 (projected)
16 23 39 67
51 63 79 107
Average annual population growth rate (per cent)
1950-60 1960-70 1970-80 1980-2000 (projected)
6.71 3.91 5.39 2.63
1.90 2.23 2.28 1.52
Expectation of life at birth (years)
1960-65 1970-75 1980-85 2000-05 (projected)
42.5 47.5 52.5 6.2
5
The ASEAN Member Countries
Brunei
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Infant mortality rate (infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
63 40 29 18
97 68 50 24
30 19 II 8
95 65 51 24
6.69 4.87 3.69 2.25
6.57 5.02 4.20 2.46
4.87 2.60 1.74 1.74
6.42 5.01 3.59 2.44
46.9 45.5 40.6 32.9
43.2 38.8 27.1 21.4
45.6 44.9 40.2 29.4
145 112 87 49
1960-65 1970-75 1~80-85
2000-05 (projected)
7btal fertility rate (children per woman)
1960-65 1970-75 1980-85 2000-05 (projected)
5.42 5.53 3.89 2.25
Percentage of population under 15 years of age
1960 1970 1980 2000 (projected)
40.2 42.3 41.0 29.8
44.9 45.1 39.1 30.8
Percentage of population aged 65 and over
3.3 3.1 3.3 4.6
4.2 3.2 3.7 4.5
3.6 2.7 2.9 4.1
2.1 3.3 4.7 7.0
1.0 2.9 3.1 4.5
14.6 17.1 22.2 36.5
25.2 27.0 29.4 41.6
30.3 33.0 37.4 49.0
77.6 75.3 74.1 78.5
12.5 13.2 14.4 23.2
46,780 26,510 11,530
7,020 4,310 7,910
6,940 9,100 7,970
2,360 1,520 1,150
7,950 8,450 7,180
1960 1970 1980 2000 (projected) Percentage of urban population
1960 1970 1980 2000 (projected)
HEALTH INDICATORS Population per physician
1960 1970 1980
ASEAN Economic Co-operation· A Handbook
6
Brunei
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
98.5 99.0 116.2
112.2 126.3 134.5
99.0 100.7 104.5
45.8 48.4 52.7
64.5 77.0 80.4
44.7 48.7 47.3
Philippines
Calorie supply per capita (percentage of requirement) 86.5 93.9 109.7
1961-65 1970 1980
107.2 108.9 120.5
Protein supply per capita (grams per day) 38.2 42.4 48.7
1961-65 1970 1980
49.2 49.2 60.3
Percentage of national budget spent on health 1973 1980
1.3 2.5
7.1 5.1
2.9 3.9
7.8 6.9
4.0 4.1
39.0 56.6 62.0
52.8 58.5 60.0
71.9 82.6 75.0
68.9 83.0
67.7 78.6 86.0
EDUCATION INDICATORS
Adult literacy rate (per cent) 1960 1970 1980
Daily general interest newspaper readership (per thousand population) 11.0
1960 1970 1979
17.7
17.7 13.6 20.7
246.8
10.6 20.0 42.3
18.5 17.7 16.4
24.4 10.3
11.7 7.3
20.1 17.3 20.6
96 87 92
95 108 110
Ill 106 107
83 83 96
60.2 72.1 132.6
142.6
Percentage of national budget spent on education 1965 1970 1980
10.1 13.9 11.3
8.9
Primary school enrolment ratio (gross) 1960 1970 1980
71 77 112
7
The ASEAN Member Countries
Brunei
Indonesia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
19 34 51
26 46 63
32 46 59
13 17 29
1.2 1.6 4.1
12.7 19.8 26.1
6.4 6.8 8.1
1.9 1.7 13.5
39.8 36.6 35.5
33.8 35.0 39.6
51.3 46.6 47.8
52.1 48.6 47.6
51.2 50.6 57.1
52.7 49.3 51.3
27.4 24.4 23.2
14.5 18.7 21.5
49.8 43.9 44.2
Malaysia
Secondary school enrolment ratio (gross)
1960 1970 1980
6 15 28
Post-secondary school enrolment (gross)
1960 1970 1980
0.7 2.8 3.9
LABOUR INDICATORS Total labour force participation rate (per cent)
1960 1970 1980
36.7 35.4 35.9
34.1 33.8 35.0
Male labour force participation rate (per cent)
1960 1970 1980
54.2 49.5 51.0
48.8 45.7 47.6
Female labour force participation rate (per cent)
I960 I970 I980
20.0 21.6 20.9
18.9 21.5 22.1
GENERAL ECONOMIC INDICATORS GDP in constant 1.980 national currency (billions) 1960 1970 1980
I4,568.00 21,085.00 45,446.00
24.02 51.84
146.20 266.01
4.19 10.14 24.29
164.05 351.04 684.93
72,483
23,814
35,414
II ,344
33,450
6.0
I0.3 8.7
7.6 6.7
GDP in million US$
I980
Average annual GDP growth rate (per cent)
I960-70 1970-80
3.7 7.7
7.7
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
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Brunei
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
GDP per capita in constant 1980 national currency 1960 1970 1980
151,444 175,299 301,051
2,211 3,738
3,092 3,814 5,486
2,564 4,885 10,056
6,106 9,652 14,744
480
I ,717
730
4,697
720
GDP per capita in US$ 1980
Percentage of income received by the lowest 20 per cent of households 3.2 3.3
1960 1970 1980
6.2 6.1 5.6
4.2 5.2
6.6
Gross national savings as a percentage of GDP 1960 1970 1980
14.8 19.2 24.6
0.8 19.3 32.0
14.1 21.5 20.0
14.1 20.7 28.4
16.0 21.2 30.5
11.4 38.7 45.4
15.7 26.2 27.2
79.1 132.4
79.7 119.8
147.7 155.0
83.2 118.3
23.1 22.1 27.2
9.1 24.8
Gross domestic investment as a percentage of GDP 1960 1970 1980
13.6 20.9
Food production index (1974-76
=
87.8 124.7
1971 1980
100)
Per capita energy consumption (kilograms of coal equivalent) 129 143 266
1960 1970 1980
616 770 881
159 333 380
2,110 4,303 8,544
63 216 370
956.0 1,686.4 12,958.0
560.0 1,061.7 5,741.1
1,136.0 1,553.7 19,378.0
408.0 710.2 6,505.0
FOREIGN TRADE INDICATORS
Total value of exports (million US$) 1960 1970 1980
88.0 92.2 3, 756.9
840.0 1,009.3 21,908.0
The ASEAN Member Countries
Brunei
9
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
703.0 I ,412.7 10,820.3
604.0 I ,210.2 8,295.3
1,332.0 2,461.3 24,007.0
453.0 I ,293.4 9,214.0
Total value of imports (million US$)
1960 1970 1980
22.0 87.7 641.7
574.0 893.4 10,834.0
Main trading partners (exports)
1960
Sarawak Singapore Hong Kong
Singapore USA Malaysia
Singapore UK Japan
USA Japan Netherlands
Malaysia UK USA
Japan Malaysia USA
1970
Malaysia Singapore UK
Singapore USA
FRG
Singapore Japan USA
USA Japan Korea
Malaysia USA Japan
Japan USA Netherlands
Japan USA Thailand
Japan USA Singapore
Japan Singapore USA
USA Japan Netherlands
Malaysia USA Japan
Japan Netherlands USA
Indonesia Malaysia UK
Japan USA UK Japan USA
Japan USA S.Arabia
1980
Main trading partners (imports)
1960
1970
1980
UK Singapore USA
Japan USA China
UK Indonesia Thailand
USA Japan
Singapore Austraiia Japan
Japan USA Singapore
Japan UK USA
Japan USA
FRG
Japan Malaysia USA
Singapore Japan USA
Japan USA S.Arabia
Japan USA Singapore
USA Japan S.Arabia
Japan USA Malaysia
FRG
FRG
Official development assistance.· Total bilateral flows from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries (net, million US$)
I970 1980
449.0 844.2
22.9 106.2
41.3 205.4
26.8 9.4
69.4 304.9
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
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Brunei
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
94.0 875.9
-25.0 260.3
93.0 1,668.6
43.0 186.1
169.3 134.3 149.1
166.6 135.3 78.1
98.2 99.4
110.0 113.9 86.4
356.0 664.0 4,490.7
127.0 251.0 2,932.2
115.0 1,012.0 6,566.8
371.0 906.0 1,670.8
Direct foreign investment (million US$)
1970 1980
83.0 183.5
Terms of trade index (1975 = 100)
1960 1970 1980
36.5 48.2 149.2
International reserves (million US$)
1960 1970 1980
352.0 160.0 5,498.3
II
Chronology of
Main Events
CHRONOLOGY OF MAIN EVENTS
Place
Level
25 April 1955
Bandung
Heads of Govt.
The Asian-African Conference, marking the birth of the Non-Aligned Movement, also adopts principles later included in the Treaty of Amity and Co-operation in Southeast Asia.
5-8 August 1967
Bangkok
AMM
First ASEAN Ministerial Meeting (AMM). The signing of the "ASEAN Declaration" on 8 August 1967 by Adam Malik (Indonesia), Tun Abdul Razak (Malaysia), Narciso Ramos (Philippines), S. Rajaratnam (Singapore) and Thana! Khoman (Thailand) marks the birth of ASEAN (see Documentation section for ASEAN Declaration).
6-7 August 1968
Jakarta
AMM
Second ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
16-17 December 1969
Cameron Highlands
AMM
Third ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
Date
Event
Pre-1976
13
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
14
Date
Place
Level
Event
12-13 March 1971
Manila
AMM
Fourth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting discusses the ultimate goal of ASEAN: a limited free trade area and a payments union.
13 March 1971
Manila
AMM
Multilateral Agreement on Commercial Rights of Non-scheduled Air Services among ASEAN Countries.
26-27 November 1971
Kuala Lumpur
AMM
Special ASEAN Ministerial Meeting adopts the Kuala Lumpur Declaration designating ASEAN as a Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality (ZOPFAN) (see Documentation section).
14 April 1972
Singapore
AMM
Fifth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting moots the establishment of an ASEAN Secretariat. The Foreign Ministers sign an Agreement for the Facilitation of Search for Aircraft in Distress and Rescue of Survivors of Aircraft Accidents.
28 April 1972
Jakarta
CCI
Creation of the ASEAN Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ASEAN-CCI).
16-18 April 1973
Pattaya
AMM
Sixth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
26 November 1973
Jakarta
ASEAN
ASEAN Declaration on the Arab-Israeli Conflict.
7-9 May 1974
Jakarta
AMM
Seventh ASEAN Ministerial Meeting agrees to locate the ASEAN Secretariat in Jakarta. The Philippines proposes an ASEAN Charter.
8-1 I January 1975
Jakarta
AIPO
First ASEAN Parliamentary Meeting considers the idea of establishing an ASEAN Inter-parliamentary Organization (AIPO).
15
Chronology of Main Events
Date
Place
Level
Event
1976 23-24 February
Bali
Heads of Govt.
Bali Summit. First Meeting of ASEAN Heads of Government: General Soeharto (Indonesia), Datuk Hussein Onn (Malaysia), Mr Ferdinand E. Marcos (Philippines), Mr Lee Kuan Yew (Singapore), Mr Kukrit Pramoj (Thailand) give a new thrust to ASEAN co-operation by signing the Declaration of ASEAN Concord and the Treaty of Amity and Co-operation in Southeast Asia (see Documentation section).
24 February
Bali
AMM
The Foreign Ministers, meeting concurrently with the Heads of Government, sign the Agreement on the Establishment of the ASEAN Secretariat (see Documentation section).
24-26 June
Manila
AMM
Ninth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting discusses the basic needs strategy and reviews ASEAN's organizational structure. The Foreign Ministers sign the ASEAN Declaration for Mutual Assistance on Natural Disasters and the ASEAN Declaration of Principles to Combat the Abuse of Narcotic Drugs.
20-22 January
Manila
AEM
The Third Meeting of ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM) approves the draft of the Preferential Trading Arrangements (PTA).
24 February
Manila
AMM
A special meeting of the ASEAN Foreign Ministers is held to commemorate the first anniversary of the meeting of Heads of Government in Bali in 1976. A New Constitutional Framework for ASEAN
1977
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
16
Date
Place
Level
Event
1977
emerges. The Ministers sign the Agreement on ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangements (see Documentation section) as well as an Agreement on Safer Navigation in the Straits of Malacca. 5-8 July
Singapore
AMM
Tenth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
4-5 August
Kuala Lumpur
Heads of Govt.
Second ASEAN Summit. Heads of Government President Soeharto (Indonesia), Datuk Hussein Onn (Malaysia), Mr Ferdinand Marcos (Philippines), Mr Lee Kuan Yew (Singapore) and Mr Tanin Kraivixien (Thailand) subsequently meet the Prime Ministers of Australia (Malcolm Fraser), Japan (Takeo Fukuda), and New Zealand (Robert Muldoon).
14-16 June
Pattaya
AMM
Eleventh ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
2 December
Jakarta
AMM
Agreement on the establishment of the ASEAN Cultural Fund. Japan contributes 5 billion yen payable over several years.
4 October
New York
AMM
The Foreign Ministers reach an agreement on a Food Security Reserve for ASEAN.
28-30 June
Bali
AMM
Twelfth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
1978
1979
10 December
1980 22-23 April
2,327 items under the Preferential Trading Arrangements come into effect.
Singapore
AEM
Ninth meeting of ASEAN Economic Ministers. Agreement on 20% across-the-board tariff
17
Chronology of Main Events
Date
Place
Level
Event
1980
cuts for intra-group imports valued at less than US$50,000 per item. 25-26 June
Kuala Lumpur
7 July
Manila
AMM
Establishment of the ASEAN Finance Corporation headquarters in Singapore; initial capital US$50 million. ASEAN Food Security Reserve Agreement comes into force.
24 July
2-6 September
Thirteenth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
Jakarta
AIPO
General Assembly of the ASEAN Inter-parliamentary Organization.
16-17 January
Bangkok
ABC
Ninth Meeting of the ASEAN Banking Council (ABC) agrees to establish an ASEAN Finance Corporation (AFC).
10-12 March
Bali
SOM
Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) on the restructuring of ASEAN.
9 May
Jakarta
Secretariat
Inauguration of the ASEAN Secretariat building.
14-16 May
Jakarta
Task Force
Task Force formed for strengthening the ASEAN Secretariat.
17-20 June
Manila
AMM
Fourteenth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
19-20 June
Manila
AMM
Post Ministerial Meeting with Foreign Ministers of third countries.
13-17 July
New York
UN
United Nations International Conference on Kampuchea.
1981
ASEAN Economic Co-operation.· A Handbook
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Date
Place
Level
Event
1982
14-16 April
Jakarta
Task Force
Third Meeting of the Task Force for strengthening the ASEAN Secretariat.
14-16 June
Singapore
AMM
Fifteenth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting and Post Ministerial Meeting with third countries.
18 March
Jakarta
COTT
Sixth Working Group on Customs signs a Customs Code of Conduct (see Documentation section) paving the way for the simplification and harmonization of intra-ASEAN trade.
4-6 April
Manila
Task Force
At the Task Force meeting, Foreign Minister of the Philippines Romulo deplores the proliferation of ASEAN meetings and proposes the setting up of a permanent agency.
18-20 May
Singapore
Task Force
Fifth Meeting of the ASEAN Task Force proposes the establishment of an ASEAN committee of permanent representatives and the installation of an ASEAN council of ministers.
24-25 June
Bangkok
AMM
Sixteenth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting.
1983
1984
Brunei becomes the sixth member of ASEAN.
7 January
Jakarta
18 January
Lhok Seumawe
AMM
President Soeharto inaugurates the first ASEAN Industrial Project (AlP), the urea fertilizer complex, PT ASEAN Aceh Fertilizer.
7-8 May
Jakarta
AMM
Meeting of ASEAN Foreign Ministers clarifies the common position on the question of Cambodia.
19
Chronology of Main Events
Date
Place
Level
Event
1984 9-10 July
Jakarta
AMM
Seventeenth ASEAN Ministerial Meeting proposes to the five Pacific dialogue partners (United States, Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) a human resources development programme. A number of proposals put forward by the Task Force are adopted.
3-6 October
Bangkok
AI PO
The AIPO Seventh General Assembly calls for greater regional economic co-operation.
11-12 February
Bangkok
AMM
ASEAN Foreign Ministers discuss developments in the region and call for more international military assistance for the Cambodian resistance.
24 April
Ban dung
AMM
Unofficial meeting of ASEAN Foreign Ministers accepts proposal of proximity talks between the two warring factions in the Cambodian issue.
6-9 May
Kuala Lumpur
ASC
The ASEAN Standing Committee (ASC) agrees on a budget of US$1.7 million for the ASEAN Secretariat and discusses the participation of Papua New Guinea in ASEAN activities.
17-18 June
Wellington
COTT
A joint ASEAN delegation meets New Zealand officials to persuade New Zealand not to exclude Singapore and Brunei from its GSP. The move is an example of successful co-operation in ASEAN's external relations.
8-10 July
Kuala Lumpur
AMM
Eighteenth Ministerial Meeting agrees on "proximity talks" between Vietnam and the Cambodian resistance. National driving licences are accepted throughout ASEAN.
1985
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
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Date
Place
Level
Event
1985 10 July
Kuala Lumpur
AMM
Fiji expresses hope of some kind of linkage with ASEAN.
11-13 July
Kuala Lumpur
AMM
Post Ministerial Conference with the six dialogue partners (USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, EEC).
12 July
Kuala Lumpur
AMM
Dialogue sessions with Foreign Ministers/ representatives of the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Japan on the future of the Pacific Basin.
6 August
Bangkok
Former Thai Prime Minister Kukrit Pramoj proposes an ASEAN Summit to lay the groundwork for a treaty on regional economic integration and to forge a united stand against protectionism of advanced countries.
13 August
Kuala Lumpur
Malaysian Finance Minister Daim Zainuddin suggests that ASEAN upgrade its framework for economic co-operation as the existing arrangement is inadequate.
9 September
Jakarta
Thailand's Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda and Foreign Minister Siddhi Savetsila visit Jakarta to discuss the possibility of an ASEAN Summit meeting.
24-28 September
Jakarta
AI PO
Eighth General Assembly of the ASEAN Inter-parliamentary Organization.
15 October
Jakarta
Private
Indonesian Foreign Minister Mochtar Kusumaatmadja characterizes economic co-operation in ASEAN as a "dismal picture".
21 October
Bintulu
AlP
Bintulu fertilizer plant (ASEAN Industrial Project) ships first cargo of urea.
21
Chronology of Main Events
Date
Place
Level
Event
1985 30 November4 December
Kuala Lumpur
CCI
ASEAN Chambers of Commerce and Industry conference opened by Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir who urges ASEAN to take a closer look at the strategy and priorities of economic co-operation among member nations.
1 December
Chiengmai
SOM
Senior officials at a weekend meeting agree in principle to a meeting of Heads of Governments.
2-3 December
Kuala Lumpur
ASCOPE
Third ASCOPE meeting establishes the ASEAN Petroleum Security Reserve (APSR). Japan states that it does not intend to limit imports of oil products.
11-13 December
Singapore
COFAB
Senior customs officials meet to discuss ways to harmonize and simplify customs procedures and documents among ASEAN countries.
4-6 April
Manila
ASC
Fourth ASEAN Standing Committee Meeting proposes holding of an ASEAN Summit in Manila in 1987.
29 April
Bali
AMM
ASEAN Foreign Ministers commemorate the tenth anniversary of the Bali Summit in 1976 and recommend a Summit Meeting of ASEAN Heads of Government.
17-20 June
Manila
ASC
Fifth Standing Committee Meeting discusses a multilateral counter-trade system for ASEAN, proposed by Chairman Salvador Laurel.
1986
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
22
Date
Place
Level
Event
1986
24-25 June
Manila
AMM
Nineteenth Ministerial Meeting urges review of intra-ASEAN economic co-operation and signs Agreement on ASEAN Energy Co-operation, and Agreement on ASEAN Petroleum Security (see Documentation section).
27-28 June
Manila
AMM
Post Ministerial Conference with dialogue partners.
9-12 July
Jakarta
CCI
ASEAN-CCI Council meeting urges the ASEAN governments to adopt "meaningful measures to integrate ASEAN markets".
12 July
Jakarta
CCI
ASEAN-CCI creates the Group of Fourteen to prepare proposals for the ASEAN Summit.
20-22 August
Singapore
ASC
First ASEAN Standing Committee Meeting discusses possible improvements in ASEAN's organizational structure, including the conduct of meetings.
28-30 August
Manila
AEM
ASEAN Economic Ministers discuss models for economic co-operation but reject a proposal by the Philippines for an ASEAN Common Market. They decide to establish an ASEAN Tourist Information Centre (ATIC) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
28-30 August
Manila
AEM
Eighteenth AEM adds to list of AIJVs, and increases the margin of preferences (MOP) for AIJVs from 50 to 70%. Thailand withdraws Rock Salt Soda Ash AlP.
20 October
Jakarta
AMM
Foreign Ministers sign agreement on Preferential Shortlisting of ASEAN Contractors for internationally funded projects.
23
Chronology of Main Events
Date
Place
Level
Event
1986 Singapore
CCI
Twenty-ninth ASEAN-CCI Council meeting calls for the scrapping of all tariffs on products of ASEAN joint ventures.
6 February
Singapore
Private
President Soeharto of Indonesia and Mr Lee Kuan Yew of Singapore agree not to discuss a common market or a free trade area at the forthcoming Summit.
6 March
Kuala Lumpur
Private
Closed-door discussion by ASEAN leaders and Dr Henry Kissinger on ASEAN political and economic co-operation.
15-16 June
Singapore
AMM
AMM signs supplementary agreement on AIJVs, increasing MOP from 50 to 75%. ASEAN swap arrangement extended for five years, and credit line raised to US$200 million. Meeting sets up High Level Steering Committee to prepare for the Third ASEAN Summit.
18-20 June
Singapore
AMM
Post Ministerial Conference with dialogue partners.
25-26 June
Bali
NGO
ASEAN Banking Council tentatively agrees on a common currency plan allowing members to pay for imports with their own currencies.
16 August
Bangkok
AMM
Special meeting to discuss the issue of Kampuchea.
25-27 September
Bangkok
Japan
Japanese Prime Minister Nakasone, attending celebrations marking the centenary of Japan-Thai friendship, pledges US$2 billion of Japan's surplus funds for aid to ASEAN.
5 December
1987
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
24
Date
Place
Level
Event
1987
29-30 October
Singapore
AEM
Informal meeting of the ASEAN Economic Ministers to discuss new initiatives in ASEAN economic co-operation. Agreement to finalize the agreement for the protection and promotion of intra-ASEAN investments before the Third ASEAN Summit. Five-year programme to introduce new items into the PTA, to reduce exclusion lists, and deepen MOP to 50%, for implementation from 1 January 1988.
29-30 October
Jakarta
AMME
Third Ministerial Meeting on the Environment adopts "Jakarta Resolution on sustainable development".
14-15 December
Manila
Heads of Govt.
Third ASEAN Summit adopts the "Report of Ministers to the ASEAN Heads of Government" and the "Manila Declaration" (see Documentation section) regarding political and economic co-operation. A protocol amending the Treaty of Amity and Co-operation in Southeast Asia, permitting states outside the region to accede, is also signed, as well as the Revised Basic Agreement on ASEAN Industrial Joint Ventures (BAAIJV).
14-15 December
Manila
AEM
At the Manila Summit, the Economic Ministers sign a Protocol on Improvements on Extension of Tariff Preferences under the PTA; a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on Standstill and Rollback of NTBs among ASEAN Countries; and the Agreement for the Promotion and Protection of Investments.
15 December
Manila
Japan
ASEAN Heads of Government meet Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita of Japan. The
25
Chronology of Main Events
Date
Place
Level
Event
1987
Japanese Government provides US$2 billion to ASEAN over a period of three years for the promotion of private sector development under the "ASEAN-Japan Development Fund" (AJDF). 1988
The Agreement on the Recognition of Domestic Driving Licences issued by ASEAN countries, which was signed in July 1985, comes into force after ratification.
17 March
12-15 April
Bandar Seri Begawan
COFAB
Brunei accedes to the Customs Code of Conduct at the twelfth meeting of the Working Group on Customs Matters of the Committee on Finance and Banking (COFAB).
4-5 July
Bangkok
AMM
Twenty-first ASEAN Ministerial Meeting signs a Declaration on the Advancement of Women in the ASEAN Region. Indonesia calls for the immediate revival of the ASEAN-Pacific Co-operation on Human Resources Development (APC-HRD) programme.
7-9 July
Bangkok
AMM
Post Ministerial Conference.
7-18 October
Pattaya
AEM
Twentieth Meeting of ASEAN Economic Ministers reaches agreement on brand-to-brand complementation and signs a MOU accordingly.
Jakarta
Pacific
Ad Hoc Working Group on ASEAN-Pacific Co-operation on Human Resources Development reconvened after a two-year moratorium.
1989
7 March
ASEAN Economic Co-operation: A Handbook
26
Place
Level
Event
2 July
Bandar Seri Begawan
AMM
ASEAN Foreign Ministers issue a statement in support of the Multilateral Assistance Initiative/Phili ppine Assistance Programme (MAl/PAP) prior to their AMM.
2-4 July
Bandar Seri Begawan
AMM
Twenty-second ASEAN Ministerial Meeting signs a protocol amending the Agreement on the Establishment of the ASEAN Secretariat, thereby creating the post of a Deputy Secretary-Gene ral. The AMM also agrees to establish a sectoral dialogue with the Republic of Korea, initially limited to trade, investment and tourism.
6-8 July
Bandar Seri Begawan
AMM
Post Ministerial Meeting with dialogue countries.
21-22 August
Seoul
Korea
Senior officials from the ASEAN countries and Korea meet in Seoul. After an exchange of letters Korea becomes the latest dialogue partner of ASEAN.
11-12 September
Bangkok
Pacific
Informal meeting of AEM on Asia-Pacific co-operation.
Date 1989
00 SEAsians_ASEM.indd 10
9/18/14 10:52:23 AM
Ill
Organizational Structure of ASEAN
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE ASEAN SECRETARIAT Secretary-General (SG) Rusli Noor
Deputy Secretary-General (DSG)
D!Rlll Theng Chye Yam
DIR II Victor S Gusiengfiao
DIR I Sutedja Kartawidjaja
ADR II Caesar Atienza
-COlT
-
C0!\1E
-
COlAC
-
C:OCI
-coso
-
Japan
-
lJS
-
UNIJP
-
-COST
& AlJI
- COFAB
-
011
JJpan-ASE/\:-.J
-
Cu-opcrat1on Pmmot1on Programme
FuturP Sectoral (restricted il.l pre ...,Pnt to
Trade. lnwstnwnt. and Tourism and later
Fund
AI'C-I!Rll
-
LiillSt' Wlth ASEAN hodJP.'> and t\CO.-.
-
bodie::. ,mrl NGOs -
-
Lia1se with ASEAN bodie:. rtnd NCOs
- Other mef:'tmgs decided by SG - Other dutJes directed by Dtrector
Lidisc with ASEt\:\.
Other meeting:-, dended by SG
Other duties d1rectcd by Director
Fund on ASEAN Atlas Book
-
EC
-
Lia1sc with ASEAr\ bodies and :\GO:-.
Australld
Other rneeting.'> decided by SC
-Other dr-cided bv
-
Science and Technology) Co-operation with third countries/organ 1zat ioJIS (eg. Korea)
-
Follow-up actions of ASC and other meetings
COfAF
-
ASEAN Ministerial \1eetings and ASEAN Senior Officials Computer Centre and Information System Public Information
-Canada -
-
Litll::.e w1th ASEAN bodie:. and NGOs
ASOD and other duties and responsibtltties of NDO
-
-Other dutw'> lhrected by DirPctor
-
OthPr dutie.-. direr!Pd by Dm·ctor
-
-
LJaJsc with ASEAJ\: bodtes and NGO'i
Nev.· Zealand
-
Other meetings dirt'rted bv SG
-
L!a!se Wllh ASEAI\i bod1t>S and NGOs
-
Other funct10ns dirf'cted by Director
-
Other rneettngs decided by SG
-
Other meetings directed by SG
Library and Library Fund
OthPr duties directed by Director
-
Other functions directed by Director
DevPlopment of computer resources and research facilitiPs and financial assistance bv Can'!da -
Other meetings and function:; decided/ directed by SG
-
Financial and personll administration Hudget Personnel sf'rvices to Staff and recruitment of LRS
-
\1aintenance (Schedul
-
Assistance on protoC( matters
-
ASEAN Aodit Committee and Hudget Committee
-
Other meetlllgs and functions directed by SG
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF ASEAN MEETINC OF THE ASc:AN HEADS OF COVERNMENT
I MEETING OF THE ASEAN ECONOMIC MINISTERS
-
1 1 1 1 1
ASEAN National Secretariat of BRUNEI DARUSSALAM ASEAN National Secretariat of INDONESIA ASEAN National Secretariat of MALAYSIA ASF:AN National Secretariat of THE PHILIPPINES ASEAN National Secretariat of SINCAPORE
ASEAN MINISTERIAL MEETINC Meeting of the ASEAN Foreign Ministers
f------
I I I I I I I I
rrr-
MEETING OF THE OTHEH ASEAN MINISTERS
t------
ASEAN STANDINC COMMITTEE MEETINC
--- ,---------
r-
COMMITTEF: ON BUDCJET
~
r-
r--------_j
AUDIT COMMITTEE
-
ASEAN National Secretariat of THAilAND
I
I
COFAB Committee on
Committee on
Finance and
Food, Agriculture
Banking
and Forestry
and Energy
Conimunicatioii
I
I
I
I
COFAF
COl ME
I
COTAC
COTT
Committee on
Committee on
Committee on
Industry, ivtincrals
Transportation and
Trade and Tourism
L ____ ___ I_______
-j- ____ ___ I__ ___ -
_
I
_j
I I I I I
L -------------------~----
------
I COST Committee on Science and Technology
ASEAN DIALOCUF: WITH THIRD COUNTRIES/CROUP OF COUNTRIES/ INTERNATIONAL ORC)ANIZATIONS AUSTRALIA CANADA EEC JAPAN NEW ZF.ALAND USA l!I\OP
I
ASEAN COMMITTEES IN THIRD COUNTRIES BONN ASEAN C0~1MITTEE ASEAN BRUSSELS COMMITTEE ASEA:\ CANBERRA COMMITTEE ASEAN GEI\EVA COM\11TTEE ASEAN LOI\DON COMMITTEE ASEA\i OTTAWA COMMITTEE !\SEAN PARIS COMMITTEE ASEAN COMMITTEE IN TOKYO ASEAN WASHINGTO'i COMMITTEE ASEAN C0\1MITTEE 1!'\ WELLI'iGTON
I
COSLJ
C OC I
Committee on
Committee on Culture and !IIformatiuh-Cotnmtttee
S!tb-Coinnuttt't'
Shi[JIJIII'l and PortctJ.11munl