An Introduction to Quantum Optics: Photon and Biphoton Physics [2 ed.] 9781138601253, 9781003130604

Table of contents :
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Author
Chapter 1: Electromagnetic Wave Theory and Measurement of Light
1.1 Electromagnetic Wave Theory of Light
1.2 Classical Superposition
1.3 Intensity of Light: A Measurable Quantity
1.4 Intensity of Light: Expectation and Fluctuation
1.5 Measurement of Intensity: Ensemble Average and Time Average
1.6 Measurement of Intensity: Temporal Fluctuation and Spatial Fluctuation
1.7 Blackbody Radiation Under Maxwell's Continuum Electrodynamics
Chapter 2: Quantum Theory of Light: Field Quantization and Photon
2.1 The Experimental Foundation—I: Blackbody Radiation
2.2 The Experimental Foundation—II: Photoelectric Effect
2.3 Einstein's Granularity Picture of Light
2.4 Field Quantization and the Light Quantum
Chapter 3: Quantum Theory of Light: The State of Quantized Field and Photon
3.1 Photon Number State of Radiation Field
3.2 Coherent State of Radiation Field
3.3 Density Operator, Density Matrix, and the Expectation Value of an Observable
3.4 Pure State and Mixed State
3.5 Composite System and Two-Photon State of Radiation Field
3.6 A Simple Model of Single-Photon and Multi-Photon State Creation
3.7 Product State, Entangled State, and Mixed State of Photon Pairs
Chapter 4: Measurement of Quantized Field and Photon
4.1 Measurement of Einstein's Bundle of Ray
4.2 Time Dependent Perturbation Theory
4.3 Measurement of Light: Photon Counting
4.4 Measurement of Light: Joint Detection of Photons
4.5 Field Propagation in Space-Time
4.6 Quantized Subfield and Effective Wavefunction of Photon
4.7 Joint Measurement of Composite Radiation Systems
Chapter 5: Coherent and Incoherent Radiation
5.1 Coherent and Incoherent Radiation—Einstein's Picture
5.2 Coherent and Incoherent Radiation—Quantum Mechanical Picture
5.3 Temporal Coherence and Spatial Coherence
Chapter 6: Diffraction and Imaging
6.1 Diffraction
6.2 Field Propagation
6.3 Optical Imaging
6.4 Fourier Transform Via a Lens
Chapter 7: First-Order Coherence of Light
7.1 First-Order Coherence of Light—EM Theory
7.2 First-Order Temporal Coherence—Einstein's Picture
7.3 First-Order Spatial Coherence—Einstein's Picture
7.4 First-Order Coherence of Light—QM Theory
7.5 First-Order Temporal Quantum Coherence of Light
7.6 First-Order Spatial Quantum Coherence of Light
7.7 Photon and Effective Wavefunction
7.8 Measurement of the First-Order Coherence of Light
Chapter 8: Second-Order Coherence of Light
8.1 Second-Order Coherence—Formulated from Maxwell'Continuum EM Theory
8.2 Second-Order Coherence in Einstein's Granularity Picture of Light
8.3 Second-Order Coherence—Formulated from Quantum Theory of Light
8.4 Second-Order QM Coherence of Thermal State
8.5 Second-Order Coherence of Coherent Light
8.6 Second-Order Coherence of Entangled State and Number State
8.7 Measurement of Second-Order Coherence
8.8 The Hanbury Brown and Twiss Interferometer
8.9 Nth-Order Coherence of Light
Chapter 9: Quantum Entanglement
9.1 EPR Experiment and EPR State
9.2 Entangled State vs Product State and Classically Correlated State
9.3 Entangled Biphoton State
9.4 EPR Correlation of Entangled Biphoton System
9.5 Subsystem in an Entangled Two-Photon State
9.6 Biphoton in Dispersive Media
Chapter 10: Two-Photon Interferometry I: Biphoton Interference
10.1 Is Two-Photon Interference the Interference of Two Photons?
10.2 Two-Photon Interference with Orthogonal Polarization
10.3 Franson Interferometer
10.4 Two-Photon Ghost Interference
Chapter 11: Two-Photon Interferometry II: Two-Photon Interference of Thermal Field
11.1 Two-Photon Interference between Spatially Separated Incoherent Thermal Fields
11.2 Two-Photon Interference between Temporally Separated Incoherent Thermal Fields
11.3 Two-Photon Anti-Correlation of Incoherent Thermal Fields
11.4 Two-Photon Interference with Incoherent Orthogonal Polarized Thermal Fields
11.5 Turbulence-Free Two-Photon Interferometer
11.6 Turbulence Induced Turbulence-Free Two-Photon Interference of Laser Beam
Chapter 12: Quantum Imaging
12.1 Biphoton Imaging
12.2 Biphoton Ghost Imaging
12.3 Thermal Light Ghost Imaging
12.4 Turbulence-Free Ghost Imaging and Camera
12.5 X-Ray Ghost Microscope
12.6 Classical Simulation of Ghost Imaging
Chapter 13: Homodyne Detection and Heterodyne Detection of Light
13.1 Optical Homodyne and Heterodyne Detection
13.2 Balanced Homodyne and Heterodyne Detection
13.3 Balanced Homodyne Detection of Independent and Coupled Thermal Fields
Chapter 14: Optical Tests of Foundations of Quantum Theory
14.1 Hidden Variable Theory and Quantum Calculation for the Measurement of Spin 1/2 Bohm State
14.2 Bell's Theorem and Bell's Inequality
14.3 Bell States
14.4 Bell State Preparation
14.5 Scully's Quantum Eraser
14.5.1 Random Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser One
14.5.2 Random Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser Two
14.6 Popper's Experiment
14.6.1 Popper's Experiment One
14.6.2 Popper's Experiment Two
Index