An American Democrat: The Recollections of Perry Belmont 9780231878005

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. AMERICAN

DEMOCRAT

AN A M E R I C A N DEMOCRAT T H E

R E C O L L E C T I O N S

PERRY

NEW YORK

COLUMBIA

OF

BELMONT

• MORNINGSIDE

HEIGHTS

UNIVERSITY 19

4 0

PRESS

C O P Y R I G H T

C O L U M B I A

1 9 4 0

U N I V E R S I T Y

P R E S S

Foreign agents: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, H u m p h r e y

Milford,

Amen House, London, E.C. 4, England, AND B. I. Building, Nicol Road, Bombay, India; MARUZEN COMPANY, LTD., 6 Nihonbashi, P R I N T E D

TN

THE

Tori-Nichome, Tokyo, Japan U N I T E D

S T A T E S

OF

A M E R I C A

T o

THE M E M O R Y OF M Y

father, August Belmont, a Union W a r Democrat, chairman of the National Democratic Committee, 1861-1872. During the Civil War, his fidelity to the fundamental principles of the Democratic Party invited bitter hostility from both extremes, North and South, against which he had the courage to contend, serving his country well at a critical period of its national development.

PREFACE

T H I S IS NOT A N A U T O B I O G R A P H Y

in the accepted sense of the term. It is rather a contribution to the political history of our country during a critical period. Many of the events of the last three quarters of a century came within my personal knowledge. Some of the people who played important roles were my friends or acquaintances. One of them, a distinguished statesman, Lord Dufferin, who was Governor General of Canada, Viceroy of India, and Ambassador to France, said, on retiring from the diplomatic service in 1885, that the world had become a bundle of nerves and that a disturbance in one quarter was immediately felt everywhere. This interdependence is rapidly becoming more pronounced. In our world of swift change we sometimes forget that today's events demanding our close attention are inextricably linked to the past and if we fail to pay sufficient attention to the past, we fail in our comprehension of the present. This volume includes the testimony of a witness and the experience of a participant in public events. It may be of interest to students of the political history of the United States. The books I have written were not inspired by an ambition to become known as an author: each publication was timed to be of service as a campaign document in a presidential or a congressional election. These publications are National Isolation an Illusion, 1924; Survival of the Democratic Principle, 1926; Return to Secret Party Funds, 1927; Political Equality: Religious Toleration, 1928. It was inevitable that I should have an incentive to do more than merely watch national events from the sidelines. My

viii

Preface

father, August Belmont, wrote to John Forsyth of Georgia, December 19, i860, " I prefer to leave to my children, instead of the gilded prospects of New York merchant princes, the more enviable title of American citizens." In these words he gave expression to the influence which surrounded me from my earliest years. In reviewing my public correspondence I found that in letters in the press upon our relation to the League of Nations, I had used the signature, "An American Democrat." In the same spirit I wrote to Senator Lodge of Massachusetts, then Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations: Newport, Rhode island August 16, 1919 Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge, United States Senate, Washington Deai Senator Lodge, Having been in London at the time of the Erst Colonial Conference in 1887 (I was then Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs), I have observed the development of that colonial system into a League of Nations. The British Empire is now a League of Nations. British statesmen have had a long experience in the control of the existing League of Nations. Should the United States be induced to become incorporated in the proposed league, its relation to the existing league of Englishspeaking nations would be difficult to define or maintain. Could we, the only English-speaking nation now independent of the existing league, avoid being assimilated by it? Could we maintain a policy of friendly independence towards the British Empire and the Continent of Europe, or would the control of our foreign policy pass from us? Very sincerely yours, Perry Belmont

Preface

ix

Mr. Lodge replied: United States Senate, August 18,1919 Chairman Committee

on Foreign Relations

M y dear Mr. Belmont, I thank you for your letter of August 16th. You make a point which I have heard vaguely suggested and it has been a little in my own mind, but I have not yet seen it put so clearly and distinctly as you put it. I think the danger you suggest is a very real one, and that is one reason I am striving for reservations which will enable us to maintain just the policy of friendly independence which you suggest. I am very much obliged to you for writing me and I know I shall find your suggestion useful. Very sincerely yours, Henry Cabot

Lodge

T h e signature used in the press, " A n American Democrat," is the title of this book and characterizes the conviction and political principles which have remained with me throughout my life. PERRY Newport, R h o d e Island December, 1939

BELMONT

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

V j R A T E F U L ACKNOWLEDGMENT IS

made to the following publishers for kind permission to quote from works published by them: The Macmillan Company (J. B. Moore, International Law and Some Current Illusions, Garvin, Life of Joseph Chamberlain, Maud H. Elliott, Uncle Sam Ward and His Circle) ; Dodd, Mead and Company, Inc. (Allan Nevins, Grovei Cleveland and Hamilton Fish); Longmans, Green and Company (Speeches of Henry Lord Brougham); Little, Brown and Company (Earl of Birkenhead, America Revisited, Admiral Mahan, Sea Power); G. P. Putnam's Sons (Robert McNutt McElroy, Levi Parsons Morton); Oxford University Press (Colonel T. Bentley Mott, Twenty Years as Military Attache); Frederick A. Stokes Company (John J. Pershing, My Experiences in the World War); J. B. Lippincott Company (George R. Clark, A Short History of the United States Navy); Ernest Benn, Ltd. (Maurice Paleologue, Cavour); John Murray (Dowager Duchess of Jersey, Fifty One Years of Victorian Life); Osgood Mcllvaine and Company (Douglas Campbell, The Puritan in England, Holland and America). I wish to express my thanks to the Redwood Library at Newport, which has been of constant service to me in placing at my disposal authorities on various subjects; also my grateful appreciation of the efficient help of my secretary, Miss Rita H. Shea, in the preparation of this volume during the last four years. P. B .

CONTENTS PREFACE

Vll

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I

xi

1 850 —FAMILY —PERRY

LETTERS

II

THE

LEGATION AT THE

HAGUE

III

THE

DEMOCRATIC

PARTY

AND

3 29

THE

CIVIL

WAR IV

71

M.C C L E L L A N SITY

CONVENTION,

1 864—UNIVER127

DAYS

V

THE

CANADIAN NORTHWEST

VI

THE

ELECTORAL

TO THE VII

SOUTH

IN

1876

181

ROTHSCHILDS

AMERICAN

REVERSAL

POLICY —SECRETARY 214

OF

BLAINE'S

SOUTH

AMERICAN

POLICY IX

REELECTION DENTIAL

2 55

TO

CONGRESS,

1884 —PRESI278

CAMPAIGN

X

THE

BERLIN CONGO

XI

THE

INTERNATIONAL

310

CONFERENCE INTEROCEANIC

CANAL XII

337

THE FISHERIES

358

QUESTION

XIII

SPAIN AND

MADRID

XIV

NEW YORK

STATE CONVENTION,

XV

PRESIDENTIAL

XVI

1899-I9OO

XVII

ABOLITION

l

COMMISSION — MISSION

BLAINE VIII

lS

375

CAMPAIGN

OF

1 895

1896

407

4*7 456

OF SECRET

CAMPAIGN

FUNDS

47 2

xiv XVIII XIX XX

Contents T H E C O N V E N T I O N AND E L E C T I O N O F 1 9 1 4 — T H E WAR IN E U R O P E LEAGUE THE

XXI

19 1 2

OF

NATIONS — CONSEQUENCES

PERSONAL

GOVERNMENT

XXII

T H E ORIGIN O F F I N E ARTS

XXIII

RACING — P O L O —YACHTING INDEX

OF

WAR

COMMISSIONS

ILLUSTRATIONS PERRY

BELMONT,

AUGUST BELMONT,

Frontispiece

1936 1 857

4

A M E R I C A N SHIP AT URAGA, JUNE 3, 1 8 5 3 ,

PAINT-

ING BY A J A P A N E S E A R T I S T SIMON BELMONT, "THE

YOUNG

EASTMAN MRS.

8

I860

30

COMMODORE,"

1 8 5 3, P A I N T I N G

JOHNSON

AUGUST

34

BELMONT,

1854,

GEORGE PETER ALEXANDER INTERIOR

OF

PAINTING EXTERIOR

BY

THE

BY OF

THE

BY

HEALY

LEGATION

DAVID

PAINTING

AT

40

THE

HAGUE,

BLES

48

LEGATION

AT

THE

HAGUE,

PAINTING BY W. VERSCHUUR POWERS

GRANTED

BY

52

PRESIDENT

PIERCE

TO

C O M M O D O R E P E R R Y AND TO AUGUST B E L M O N T FOR BY

THE

D.K.E.

PERRY

AND

FOR

BELMONT

THE

HASTY

PUDDING,

'72

14O

M A P OF TRIP THROUGH M A N I T O B A AND K E E W A T I N ELECTORAL CORNELIA

COMMISSION, A.

1877,

PAINTING

FASSETT

196 274

GAME THAT TWO CAN P L A Y A T , " GRAPHIC, FEBRUARY 26, 1 8 8 7

THE

FISHERIES

COMMISSION

1 58

BY

BELMONT ABBEY "A

66

OF

1888

NEW

YORK

360 YJ2

xvi

Illustrations

M A R I A C H R I S T I N A , Q U E E N R E G E N T OF

SPAIN

MAJOR

GENERAL,

PERRY

BELMONT,

INSPECTOR

1 S T D I V I S I O N , 2 N D A R M Y C O R P S , U . S. A . , MR.

AND

MRS.

TEMBER,

PERRY

BELMONT,

1898

VENICE,

SEP-

1910

MRS. PERRY BELMONT, "CEDARMERE,"

1899

DRAWING

BY

BIRKET

FOSTER,

1878 MAP

OF T H E

GERMAN

ARMY

AT

THE GATES

OF

PARIS INVESTITURE

BY

THE

P A I N T I N G B Y H. EXTERIOR

PRINCE

OF

WALES,

1919,

SCHLERETH

OF T H E P E R R Y

BELMONT

RESIDENCE,

W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . CHANG Y E N HOON, JEROME

PARK

ETHELBERT

1889

GATES,

BEATING

PAINTING BY

IMP,

HENRY

MANCHUS

PLAYING

KANO

(FURUNOBU)

THE YACHT

BELMONT

MORRIS

PARK,

I9OO,

STULL

POLO,

Satanella

PARK

PAINTING

BY

IESEN

AN A M E R I C A N

DEMOCRAT

C H A P T E R

I

1850- F A M I L Y - PERRY L E T T E R S

AT THE TIME

of my birth, December 28, 1850, my father's residence was 72 Fifth Avenue, New York, on the corner of Thirteenth Street. Philip Hone, mayor of New York in 1828, writes in his diary that he dined there on April 8, 1850, with Mr. and Mrs. August Belmont. T h e others at the dinner were Washington Irving, Commodore Perry, Edward Jones, the Reverend Dr. Wainwright, Daniel B. Fearing, Bache McEvers, and William Kemble. Hone also mentions a dinner that he gave at which were my father, George Bancroft, General Winfield Scott, George William Curtis, and other men well known in New York during this period. As early as February 29, 1840, Philip Hone's diary speaks of his meeting my father at the ball given by Mr. and Mrs. Henry Brevoort. August Belmont, my father, was born December 8, 1 8 1 6 , in the Palatinate town of Alzey, where the Belmonts had lived for many generations. In 1919, when my wife and I were on our way to visit Coblenz on the invitation of General Henry Allen, then in command of the American Army of Occupation, we took the opportunity to visit Alzey. There we saw the house in which my father was born and the old cemetery with its many gravestones bearing the name Belmont. M y grandfather, Simon Belmont, held a recognized position as possessor of a freehold estate. The town was an old Imperial Free Municipality which, after the Napoleonic Wars, passed to the Grand Duchy of HesseDarmstadt. During the French occupation under Napoleon,

4

1850—Family—Perry Letters

Simon Belmont was commissioner for his district, a fact which indicates his association with the liberal element. He had married Frederika Elsass, who died in 1821. After his school days in Frankfort, my father entered the offices of the Rothschild Bank there, and, a few years later, was sent to the Naples branch of the firm. In 1837—the year of the panic in the United States—my father came to New York and, though but twenty-one years old, established a successful banking business. He was chosen as the Rothschilds' representative and correspondent in the United States. His offices were in a large building erected by Nathaniel Prime (of Prime, Ward and King, the leading banking house of that time) a few doors below Wall Street court entrance.1 He married Caroline Slidell Perry, November 7,1849. She was born in the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston on August 4, 1829, the daughter of Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, then Commandant there. Her mother was Jane Slidell, sister of John Slidell of the Mason-Slidell (Trent) incident. August Belmont identified himself very early with the Democratic Party. His strong and unwavering Democratic convictions were as important to him as was his financial career. Between my father and myself there was complete understanding and close intimacy throughout his life. I took part in all his varied interests, and, particularly, in his activity in public affairs. My earliest recollections begin with the -period of my father's diplomatic service at The Hague. The United States Legation at The Hague was at this time a post of special importance. "If you wish," wrote James Buchanan to William Marcy, Secretary of State, "to prepare the way for the acquisition of Cuba, the President [Franklin Pierce] must choose men of ability as ministers to Spain, England, France and The Hague, who can 1

This building is mentioned in Walter Barrett's The Merchants of Old New York (1863), Series I, p. 10.

AUGUST

BELMONT

• I 8 5 7

1850—Family—Perry Letters

5

give assistance to each other—and Belmont will contribute all his influence." John Quincy Adams used to say that Cuba was "indispensable to the integrity of the Union." In 1823, Jefferson wrote to Monroe, " I have always thought that Cuba would be the most interesting acquisition we could add to our system of States." Sidney Webster, President Pierce's private secretary, stated that "during a half century Cuba has been the 'order of the day.'" The intention to purchase Cuba was incorporated into the Democratic platforms of the Charleston and the Baltimore Conventions of i860. The widespread opinion was that if Cuba was to be lost to Spain, no other nation except the United States should acquire it. To the South, the acquisition of Cuba opened the way for the addition of another slave state. President Pierce appointed John Y. Mason of Virginia to Paris, Buchanan to London, August Belmont to The Hague, Lewis Cass to Rome, and Pierre Soule to Madrid. Each received instructions to prevent any other nation from acquiring Cuba and to act promptly should France and Britain withdraw their objections to the American purchase of the island. So positive were these instructions that Buchanan, Mason, and Soule felt justified in drawing up and publishing the "Ostend Manifesto," which declared that the United States should endeavor to purchase Cuba at any price. "Should Spain, however, refuse to sell, and should Cuba in the possession of Spain seriously endanger our internal peace . . . we shall be justified in wresting it from Spain if we possess the power." My father did not attend the conference and refused to sign the Manifesto. It was disavowed by the State Department, Secretary Marcy describing it as "the result of well meant indiscretions." Pierre Soule, while Minister to Spain, challenged the Marquis de Turgot, the French Ambassador, to a duel upon an extremely trivial charge. The British Minister, Lord Howden, acted as Turgot's second. Turgot was lamed for life. Though Soule was recalled because he had forced the duel, the custom of dueling

6

1850—Family—Perry Letters

was then generally accepted in America. In 1 8 4 1 , my father had an encounter with William Heyward of South Carolina, a friend with whom he had an argument at the theatre; in later years they renewed their intimacy. M y father deliberately fired in the air. Heyward's shot took effect, wounding my father in the hip. W h i l e Dr. Valentine Mott was probing for the bullet, my father's sufferings were so intense that his friend and second, John Purdy, fainted. This took place, of course, before the use of anesthetics. I have always been convinced that if the conveniences and skill of modern surgery had been available, my father would have been spared the lifelong lameness caused by the wound. In the late summer of 1853, my father was appointed Chargé d'Affaires at T h e Hague, and, at the end of 1854, he was made Minister. John Slidell, who suggested the appointment to President Pierce, was the brother of my grandmother, Jane Slidell. M y father vigorously opposed John Slidell's secessionist doctrines at the i860 Baltimore Convention, and my father and he never spoke to each other, afterwards. M y grandmother, too, was intensely loyal to the Union, and she and her brother died unreconciled. Just before my father sailed to take his post, he was given a public dinner by a group of N e w York friends and associates, whose invitation (sent August 9, 1 8 5 3 ) contained the statement: While your conduct as a merchant and banker, during a long residence among us has been marked by intelligence, public spirit, fidelity to engagements, and the highest principles of honor, your personal deportment in private life has been that of an accomplished gentleman, who knew and practiced the social virtues which adorn the character of a citizen. It is gratifying to us to know that the Government at Washington has recognized the qualities of mind and of character which you possess by conferring on you an appointment of high trust and

1850—Family—Perry Letters

7

responsibility. We feel perfect assurance that this confidence of the Administration will be fully justified by the manner in which the interests of the country will be represented, and the national honor will be sustained at a foreign court.2 The year 1853 is doubly memorable in our famliy, for it was in that year, too, that my grandfather, Commodore Perry, made his first expedition to Japan. Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794, at Newport, Rhode Island, in a house which is still standing at the corner of Walnut and Second Streets. His mother's family as well as his father's had long been associated with the State and the town. Matthew became a midshipman in the Navy on January 16, 1809; he married Jane Slidell in New York on October 24, 1814. His early service was on the African coast, and later he commanded the United States naval forces in the War with Mexico. The achievement for which he is best known is the expedition to Japan for the purpose of negotiating a treaty of amity opening the ports of the Empire to United States trade. There were actually two expeditions, one in 1853 and the second the following year. As "Commander-in-Chief of the United States Naval Forces, East India, China and Japan Seas," he sailed, the first time, bearing a letter 2

This invitation was signed by Mortimer Livingston, John L. Aspinwall, R. M. Blatchford, W . H. Vermilye, Charles Moran, Edwin Post, Matthew Morgan, Reuben Withers, Rufus Prime, Stephen Whitney, Alfred Pell, Shepherd Knapp, Royal Phelps, Moses Taylor, James Gallatin, H. H. Johnson, J. F. Purdy, Theodore Dehon, Cornelius W . Lawrence, Washington G. Hunt, George S. Robbins, B. H. Field, B. R. Winthrop, Henry Grinnell, W . Sherman, Thomas E. Davis, W . B. Burrowes, William Wood, G. B. Lamar, J. T. Soutter, J. J. Phelps, W . E. Wilmerding, Joseph Stuart, D. F. Grant, James Lee, Walter R. Jones, Henry A. Coit, A. M. Lawrence, Paul Spofford, Isaac Townsend, John W . Edmonds, John J. Palmer, J. A. Westervelt, Jacob Little, W . B. Duncan, M. O. Roberts, J. F. A. Sandford, C. A. Clinton, F. C. Gebhardt, C. W . Rockwell, J. Colles, C. L. Frost, S. J. Beebe, G. W . Beebe, E. Center, A. Mann, Jr., L. C. Clark, E. Croswell, E. Dodge, J. H. Brower, C. A. Hecksher, F. Schuchardt, O. Smith, L. Dennison, William Hoge, J. Trotter, R. F. Carman, V. de Launay, H. A. Stone, E. B. Little, N. H. Wolf, J. D. Beers, W . R. Jones, Jr., J. B. Kitching, G. A. Worth, R. Livingston, Joseph Lawrence, J. S. Libbey, W . W . Stone, R. Schell, C. D. Hurd, A. H. Mickle, R. H. Winslow, D. S. Miller, P. Burrowes, W . Clark, G. T. Adee, J. Conkling.

8

1850—Family—Perry Letters

to the Japanese Emperor from President Millard Fillmore explaining the character of the expedition and asking for a trade treaty, coaling and provisioning privileges, and humane treatment for American fishermen wrecked on the Japanese coast. He reached Japan in July, 1853. His knowledge of the Japanese respect for ceremony led him to remain on his ship, refusing to receive anyone except the representative of the highest authority of Japan. This method of maintaining the dignity of the President's emissary was understood by the Japanese with happy results and secured a favorable reception for President Fillmore's letter. After Perry sailed, having declared his intention to return for the answer, the letter was discussed among the feudatories of the Empire. The majority was opposed to the opening of commercial relations with the world at large on the ground that it would bring to Japan the same injury suffered by India and China. A minority of the feudal lords, led by Ii Kamon No Kami of Hikone, urged intercourse with foreign nations, pointing out that Japan lacked a navy and that her coasts were without defenses. The discussions (November 2, 1853) resulted in the decision that, when Perry's ships returned, they were to be received in a friendly manner. The second visit brought the signing of the treaty establishing friendly relations between the two countries. Commodore Perry often expressed great respect and admiration for the Japanese, whom he called "The Yankees of the East." For him, no greater compliment was possible. During the treaty negotiations, wishing the Japanese to understand his feeling of friendliness, he declared that he pledged his grandson, meaning me, in marriage to a lady of Japan. He signed the "treaty of amity" on March 31, 1854, and remained in Japanese waters until June 28. On proceeding to the China station, he found, awaiting him at Hong Kong, orders which permitted him to return to the United States either on his flagship, the Mississippi, or by a British mail steamer from India. He chose

pa

o Z H Z < a.

00 «

H Z

P

i-i

H CD — i H C6

< «

w

< z U < < 0.
559 Glass, Carter, quoted, 621 Glen Cove handicap, 628 Glenelg (horse), 627 Godkin, E. L., quoted, 244, 262 Godoy, Senor, 223 Godwin, Park, 612 Goethals, Colonel, 519 Gold, parity with silver, 420 ff., 446, 448, 449 Gold Monometallic Coinage Law, 426, 430 Gold standard, scientific experts inclined to, 419; Bryan's stand against, 422; Chicago platform pronounced against, 440 ff.; confused with international bimetallism, 441; favored by English financiers, 442; favored by Democrats, 447 Golden Fleece (yacht), 661 Gompers, Samuel, 478; quoted, 477 Gonfalon (horse), 628 Gontaut-Birons, 154 Good, Samuel W . , 582 Good bill, 583 "Good neighbor" policy, 269 ff. Gorman, Senator, 376; favored free coinage of gold and silver by international agreement, 418 Government, lives sacrificed in defense of, 535; military power essential to free, 553; personal, 581-604

Index Goward, Gustavus, quoted, 654 Graham, Mrs., 538 Grant, D. F., 711 Grant, Frederic Dent, 635 Grant, U. S., freedom from interference demanded by, 125; plurality of votes for, i34n, 4 1 1 ; advised leniency toward Indians, 158; measures to deal with threatened violence, 202; quoted, 202; opinion of joint protectorate over canal, 340 Granville, Earl, quoted, 320; re Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 342 Grasse, Admiral de, 63n Gray, George, 335; quoted, 476 Gray, George H., iogn Great Britain, recognized belligerency of Confederacy, 96, 1 1 3 ; negotiations with Portugal for control of lower waters of Congo, 317; renounced right to acquire dominion in Central America, 341; fisheries question, 35874 (see also Fisheries question); policy of threat and coercion toward American fishing, 369; see also England Parliament: could legally call for telegrams, 203; Parliamentary elections, 488; legislates for England and Scotland, 497; Parliamentary system, 582 Great Lone Land, The (Butler), extract, 163 Greble, E. F., 639 Greble, E. St. John, 539, 639 Greeley, Horace, 302, 4 1 1 ; counting votes for, objected to, 188; nomination, 192 Green, Ashbel, 195 Greenback Law, 429 Greenback Reissue law, 427 Greenbacks, see Paper money Greenleaf, Mrs., 134 Greenough, Richard I., 612 Greenport Watchman, 215 Greenwich meridian, 218 Greville, Louis, 653 Grivy, Jules, 243 Grey of Falloden, Viscount, 577 "Greystone," 192 Gridiron Club, 25511 Grinnell, Henry, 711

683

Grinnell, Joseph, 10911 Griswold, F. G., 651, 653 Guano trade, 222 Guatemala, encroachments upon territory of, 341 Guerrero, Mr., 37yn Guiteau, Charles J., 310 Gurney, Dean, 132, 144 Hafid, Moulai El, 401 Hague, The: Legation, 29-70; arrival at, 31; Belmont's new house, 42; fair, or Kermess, 42; King and suite in procession, 47 Hague Conference (1899), 559 Haid, Leo, quoted, 274 Haig, Douglas, attitude toward unconditional surrender of German Army, 57 2 Hait, Charles E., quoted, 457n Haiti, withdrawal of U. S. troops from, 271 Haldane, Lord, view of conscription, 549 Half-Breeds, 30 511 Hall, van, Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs, 38, 65, 66, 67 Halleck, H. W., 653, 656, 657 Hambleton, Paymaster, 17 Hamilton, Alexander, 616 ff.; principles upheld by Federalists, 87; action introduced silver monometallism in U. S., 425; differed with Jefferson on bank question, 443; favored life tenure for President, 512; statue, 514, 616; belief in class influence and representation, 618; quoted, 618, 619 "Hamilton, Gail" (Mary Abigail Dodge), 255 Hamilton, James, 2211 Hampton, Wade, 359 Hanna, M. A., 639 Hanotaux, Gabriel, quoted, 493 Hansemanns, 154 Harding, Warren G., 620; exercised power over national purse, 585 Harlan, Byron B., on Cabinet bills, 600 ff.; quoted, 602 Harmon, Governor, 184 Harper's Weekly, extract, 455

684

Index

Harrison, Benjamin, reopened silver question, 445 Hart, Albert Bushnell, 5 1 2 Hartington, Marquis of, secession badge worn by, 1 2 3 Harvard Athletic Association, photograph of Harvard-Oxford boat race presented to, 1 3 7 Harvard College, professors, 1 3 2 ; Belmont's life at, 1 3 2 ff.; old colors, 137; societies, 138; system of deductions, 143, 144; transformed into a university, 143 Harvard Glee Club, 1 3 5 Harvard-Oxford boat races, 136 Harvey, George, 474, 500 Haseltine, William Stanley, 6 1 2 Hastings (horse), 626, 627, 643 Hasty Pudding, 139; initiation for, 1 3 3 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, quoted, 9 Hay, John, 1 1 6 , 1 2 4 Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, 343 Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, 343, 519 ff. Hayes, Rutherford B., 193; inauguration, 198; belief that U. S. and Canada should come under one Government, 378; considered admission of Cabinet officers on floors of Houses, 590 Hays, Sir Adams, 59 Healy, portraitist, 40 Hearst, Senator, 183 Hecksher, C. A., 7n Heidelmans, 49 Hendricks, Thomas A., 184 Hennessey, F. B., 639 Henry, Prince, 33, 36, 38, 39 Henry, Princess, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37 Henry, Representative, 524 Henry, Guy V., quoted, 636 Henry Bill, 483 Henry of Navarre (horse), 626, 643 Herald, New York, extracts from articles by Belmont in, 186 ff., 561, 562; Morton contract published in, 220; extracts, 384, 408, 454; sporting news, 649, 650 Herald, Paris, 650; extract, 541 Herald, The, St. Joseph, extract, 454 Herbert, H. L., 653 Hermit (horse), 624, 643 Herreshoff, 663

Herrick, Myron T., organized train to take Americans out of Central Europe, 539; decision to remain in Paris, 540 Herstand, J. O. S., quoted, 635 Hervé, 549 Hewitt, Abram S., 1 2 1 ; O'Donnell Resolution, 298 Heydeg, Pfyffer, 1 1 6 Hey ward, William, 6 Hibernia (horse), 659 Hicks (jockey), 626 Hidden, W . , 656 Hilarious (horse), 632 Hill, David B., 410, 423 Hill, Thomas, 1 3 2 Hindoo-Francesca (mare), 627 His Highness (horse), 624, 625 Histoire d'une loi, L' (Belmont), 493 Hitchcock, Thomas, 65011 Hitler, Adolf, aided Franco in civil war, 404; quoted, 406; Mein Kampf, extract, 580 Hitt, Robert, 363, 364, 607 Hoadly, George, 195 Hoar, George F., 194, 196, 197; resolution re counting electoral votes of Georgia for Greeley, 188; in favor of free coinage of gold and silver by international agreement, 418; and bill for celebrating quadri-centennial of discovery of America, 605 Höge, William, jn Hoguet, Robert J., 608 Hohenzollern-Hapsburg Alliance, 563 Hohenzollern Testament, 531 Holland, August Belmont minister to, 29-70 (see also Hague, T h e ) ; Queen, 31, 35> 37; b a l l s g i v e n b y Kin g> 35. 36, 38; attempt to negotiate treaty with Japan, 39; royal procession from Palace to Chambers, 47; influence upon America, 8jn; invited to join in declaration of rights of neutrals, 68, 69; Peru's debt to, 223 Holland, King of, see William, King of Holland Holman, of Indiana, 588 Holman Rule, 581 Holt, Hamilton, 560 Holy Alliance, 529; extract, 530 Hone, Jane (Perry), çon Hone, John, çon

Index H o n e , John, Jr., 5on H o n e , Philip, 3, 5011; quoted, 29 H o n e , T . , 65011 Honors, sale of, 492 H o o v e r , Herbert, 124; exercised power over national purse, 585 H o m e , Sir R o b e r t , 4 1 9 Horse farm, 4 5 6 Horse H a v e n , B e l m o n t ' s breeding farm, 627 Hotels, poor, 3 1 , 39, 43 Hourglass ( m a r e ) , 6 4 4 Hourless ( h o r s e ) , 626, 644 House, C o l o n e l , 5 1 4 , 566 H o w a r d , J. N . , 6 5 5 , 6 5 6 Howden, Lord, 5 H o w l a n d , Frederika ( B e l m o n t ) , 65 H o w l a n d , Samuel S., 65, 6 5 1 , 655 H u d s o n B a y C o m p a n y , 160; keeps faith with t h e Indians, 1 6 1 , 1 7 0 Huerta, President of M e x i c o , 524 H u g h e s , Charles Evans, 480; quoted, 476; support of Pendleton bill, 599 H u g h e s , Katherine, F a t h e r L a c o m b e , extract, 162 Huidekoper, Frederic, 6 3 7 , 638 H u l l , C o r d e l l , quoted, 8 4 ^ good neighbor policy, 169, 1 7 1 ; result of trade agreements concluded b y , 287n H u n t , Richard, 608, 6 1 0 , 6 1 2 H u n t , W a s h i n g t o n G . , 7n H u n t e r , John, 2 1 3 Hunters' Point, 129 H u n t i n g , 150, 1 5 1 , 655 ff. " H u n t i n g L o d g e T r a g e d y , " 383 Hunton, Eppa, 194 H u r d , C . D . , 711 H u r d , John, 6 1 2 Hurlbert, W i l l i a m Henry, 2 5 1 , 252; q u o t e d , 254 H u r l b u t , General, mission to Peru, 228 ff.; quoted, 2 3 1 , 233; convention re B a y of C h i m b o t e , 232; memorand u m to Admiral L y n c h , 232; mission to cover withdrawal, 236 Hurlingham P o l o C o m m i t t e e , 649n H u r l i n g h a m Rules, 6 5 5 Iesen K a n o , 65311 I m p ( m a r e ) , 630 imperialism, issue raised b y threat o f ,

443

685

I n c o m e tax, 452 Indians, 1 4 1 , 1 5 8 ® . ; our wrong dealing w i t h , 1 6 9 , 170; c o d e of fair dealing, 1 7 0 Inheritance taxes, 452 Inner T e m p l e of the A n c i e n t C h u r c h of the K n i g h t s Templars, 2 7 6 Inness, G e o r g e , 6 1 2 Inquirer, C i n c i n n a t i , 602 Institute of 1 7 7 0 , 138 Insurance Investigating Committees, 480 Interborough R a p i d Transit System, 462 International African Association, 315 s . ; territorial pretensions in C o n g o basin, 322; b e c a m e C o n g o Free State, 323; demands, 323n International C o m m i s s i o n at Brussels, 316 International C o n f e r e n c e at Berlin, see Congo Conference International C o n f e r e n c e for the Limitation of N a v a l A r m a m e n t s , 354 International interoceanic canal, 337-57 International Law Digest ( M o o r e ) , extract, 520 International M a r i t i m e Commission, 218 International Rules of the R o a d at Sea, Signals, and C o d e s , 2 1 7 Interoceanic canal, 333, 337-57; legal status, 357 Interstate commerce, intercourse w h i c h constitutes, 204; control of 205 Intrastate commerce, control of, 205 Investiture by Prince of W a l e s , 577 lone (mare), 627 Ionis ( m a r e ) , 627 Ireland, h o m e rule, 296 Irish-American, extract, 300 Irish question, 280, 288 ff. Irish University Bill, 1 4 7 Iroquoise ( m a r e ) , 627 Irving, W a s h i n g t o n , 3 Isabella II, 381 Iselin, Adrian, 633 Iselin, C . Oliver, 663 Iselin, Frank T . , 653 Ishii, Kikujiro, quoted, 13 Island C e m e t e r y , N e w p o r t , 14, 16

686

Index

Islands ceded to U . S., civil rights and political status of native inhabitants of, 458 Isthmian Canal, see Canal, interoceanic Italy, 62; signs of a new prosperity and of freedom, 535; value attached to memorials of antiquity, 536 Jack of Hearts (horse), 624 Jackson, American Minister in Vienna, 64, 65 Jackson, Andrew, 363, 475; champion of gold standard, 425 Jackson, Robert H., 204 James, Henry, Passionate Pilgrim, 148 James E . W a r d & C o . , 388 Japan, Perry's expeditions to: treaty of amity, 7; conferred Imperial Decoration upon Belmont, 10, 1 1 , 12; D u t c h attempt to negotiate treaty with, 39; squadron in pursuit of Spee, 353; polo played by Manchurians in, 65? Japanese, Perry's admiration for, 8; respect for ceremony, 8; venerate benefactors, 13 Jaurès, Jean, 549 Jay, John, 150, 198 Jean Beraud (horse), 630 Jefferson, 89, 272, 283, 450; quoted, 5, 90, 330; principles, 84, 87; belief in gradual solution of slavery question, 89; aimed at international system of coinage, 424; Democratic creed, 439, 440, 4 5 1 ; differed with Hamilton on bank question, 443; hostile to the bank, 443, 4 5 1 ; suggested issue of Treasury notes, 452; opposed principle of third term, 512; Wilson's estimate of, 513; real founder of American system of neutrality, 513; Lincoln drew political philosophy from, 619; administration a triumvirate, 6 1 9 Jefferson Day Dinner, 434 Jeffersonian Democracy, 88 Jellicoe, Admiral, 354, 355 Jerome, Leonard, 75 Jerome, W i l l i a m , 75 Jerome Park, 623, 624; G u n Club, 655 Jersey, Lady, 358 Jockey C l u b , 624

Joffre, J. J. C „ 574 Johnson, Eastman, 33 Johnson, H . H., 711 Johnson, Herschel V . , nominated for V i c e President, 103 Jones, Edward, 3 Jones, Emily, 63 Jones, Hilary, 354, 355 Jones, Mrs. Isaac, 63 Jones, John Percival, 420, 421 Jones, W a l t e r R . , jn Jones, W i l l i a m , 1911 Journal, Flushing, extract, 296 Journal, Lockport, extract, 455 Journal, N e w York, Belmont's suit against, 436 Journalism, rapid development of sporting branch of, 650 Joyner, Jack, 456, 626, 627, 62911, 651 J. P. Morgan & Company, 495 Judge (horse), 659 Judges, Federal: projects to enlarge number of, 268 Jurisprudence, change in theory of, 155 Kami, Ii Kammon N o , 8 Kane, DeLancey, 75 Kane, Nicholson, 75 Kaneko, Kentaro, quoted, 10 Kano family, 65 311 Karolyi, C o u n t , 154 Kasson, J. A., 240, 253, 3 1 1 , 323; advice on C o n g o Conference asked, 321; quoted, 324, 329; at C o n g o Conference, 325 ff. Kavanagh, Marcus, 523 Keene, Foxhall, 65011 Keene, James R , 6 2 9 ^ 632 Keewatin country, shooting expedition through, 157 ff. Kemble, W i l l i a m , 3 Kennedy, Robert Lenox, 612 Kenrick, Florence (Mrs. Joseph Chamberlain), 37311 Kenrick, Harriet (Mrs. Joseph Chamberlain), 373n Kent, John Curtin, quoted, 297 Kerens, Richard C . , 658 Kermess, 42 Kern, John W „ 484 Kernan, Senator, 199

Index Kerr, Michael C., 192; candidate for presidency, 184 Kettledrum (horse), 642 Kilmarnock (horse), 62gn Kilpatrick, General, mission to Chili, 228, 230; directed to aid Calderón in Peru, 229 King Alfonso (horse), 627 King, Augusta (Le Roy), 58 King, John, 656 King, John A., 215 King, stud groom, 644 Kingcraft (horse), 643 Kingfisher (horse), 643 Kingfisher (yacht), 661 Kinley Mack (horse), 628 Kipling, Rudyard, quoted, 513 Kisber (horse), 624 Kismarton, 658 Kitching, J. B., 711 Knapp, Shepherd, 711, 76 Knife and Fork Club, 523 Knight of Ellerslie (horse), 626, 643 Koelnische Zeitung, extract, 529 Konigsmarck, Mme. de, 32, 33 Kriegszustand, never abandoned since Armistice, 405 Kuang Hsu, 654 Kuhn, Loeb, 209 Labor Party, English: for social reform agitation, 497 Lackland (horse), 628 Lacombe, Father, 160, 161 ff., 165; letter, 163 Lacombe, Father (Hughes), extract, 162 Lady of the Vale (mare), 644 Lady of the Valley (mare), 643 Lady Primrose (mare), 643 Lady Rosebery (mare), 624, 643 Lady Violet (mare), 643 La Farge, John, 608 La Follette, Robert M., 483 Lamar, Senator, 183 Lamar, G. B., 711 Lamaze, General de, 648 Lamont, Daniel, 313 Landenberg, A., 653 Landreau, Jean Théophile, 235 Landreau claim, 234, 237, 256 ff.; dropped, 267

687

Lane, George M., 132 Lane, Joseph, 103 Lang, Benjamin J., 1 3 1 Langtry, Lily, 146 Lansing, Robert, quoted, 566; urged Wilson not to leave country, 569; Military Convention of Treaty of Versailles signed by, 570 Lastres, Sir., 386, 387 Latané, John Holladay, 512; quoted, 5*3 Latin America, interest in canal, 349 Latin Union, bimetallists sought revival and extension of, 418; closed mints against silver, 430 La Tosca (mare), 625 La Toucques (mare), 624 Launay, V. de, 7n Lauzanne, Stephane, 563 Lavalle, Señor, 223 Lavisse, Ernest, 544n Lawley, R. T., 65011 Lawrence, A. M., 711 Lawrence, Cornelius W., "]n Lawrence, Joseph, -jn Lawrence, S. Abbott, 10911 Lea, L., 484 Leader, The, Superior, extract, 454 League of Nations, 558 if.; importance recognized in U. S., 558; peace by moral influence or force, 559 League to Enforce Peace, 560 Leamington (horse), 624, 627 Leduc, Father, 169 Lee, Cazenove, 120 Lee, James, 7n Lee, Robert E., retreat, 118; opinion of McClellan, 120 Legal tender, 413, 426 ff., 437 ff. Legation at the Hague, 29-70 Legislation, dealing with campaign publicity, 472, 482, 490, 491, 5 1 1 ; effort to harmonize Federal and State, 4730 Leidig, Miss, 58 Leightonia (mare), 624 Lenroot, Senator, 483 Lenz (stallion), 616; used as model by St. Gaudens for equestrian statue of Sherman, 615 Leopold II, King of the Belgians, 315 ff.; visit to Berlin, 532 LeRoy, Mr. and Mrs., 56, 58

688

Index

Lesseps, Ferdinand de, 338 Letters of marque, abolishing of, 68 Leutz, Emanuel, 43n Lewenhaupt, Count, 386 Lexington (horse), 624 Libbey, J. S., -]n Liberia, independent state of, 318 Liberty, Statue of, 614 Library Committee, 616 Life insurance companies, investigation of, 480 Lightheart (mare), 627 Lighthouse Board, Statue of Liberty under jurisdiction of, 615 Ligne, Henri de, 579 Lillie, Mr., 178 Lima y Auru, Baron, 154 Lincoln, Abraham, quoted, 84, 90, 91, 210; on Jeffersonian principle, 84, 87; attitude toward slavery, 93; election, 103, 104; tribute to Douglas, 104; magnanimity, 113; speech at Gettysburg, 123; Emancipation Proclamation a consequence of Antietam, 124; speech re Mexican War, 52511; drew political philosophy from Jefferson, 619 Lincoln-Douglas debates, 90 Lincoln, Life of (Morse), extract, 107, 109 Lindsay, Lady, 37711 Lippincott, William H., 612 Lippit, Mr. and Mrs., 65 Little, E. B., 7n Little, Jacob, 711 Little, M., 65011 Littleton, Martin, 90 Liverpool African Associates, 319 Livingston, Carroll, 150 Livingston, Edward, 619 Livingston, Mortimer, 7n, 47 Livingston, Robert, 47 Livingston, S., ~n Livingstone, David, 315 Livingstone-Learmonth, David, quoted, 64911 Livy, quoted, 575 Lloyd, J. Seymour, 490; quoted, 491 Lloyd, James T., quoted, 488 Lloyd George, David, quoted, 492, 564; policy toward maintaining army for continental purposes, 548; Military

Convention of Treaty of Versailles signed by, 570; attitude toward unconditional surrender of Germans, 572, 573; moral effect of victory lost through, 576 Lloyd George fund, 492 Loder, E., 628 Lodge, Henry Cabot, 336; quoted, 561, 618; belief that Military Convention could have been ratified, 570 London, at beginning of World War, 542 Longfellow, C . A., 655 Longfellow, Ernest, 134 Longfellow, Henry W . , 10911, 134 Lorillard, P., Jr., 656 Lorillard, Pierre, 623, 627 Loring, Alden P., 137 Loring, Caleb, 149 Loring, F. C., 10911 Lotos Club, 598 Louisiana, disfranchised, 186; double election returns, 196 ff. Louisville, Ky., blue-grass farm, 456 Low, W i l l H „ 612 Lowell, James Russell, 134; letter to McSweeney, 290 Lowndes, William Jones, 20 Lucy Cross, (mare), 643 Lusitania (U.S.S.), 543 Lutyens, Sir Edwin L., 610, 611 Luxury, taxation on articles of, 614 Lyman, E. C., 137 Lynch, Admiral, 231; Caldron Government suppressed by, 233 McAdoo, William, 306, 620; quoted, 5i8 McCall, Congressman, 477 McCall, John A., 480; quoted, 481 Macaulay, Lord, quoted, 85 McClellan, George B., assigned to command of Army of the Potomac, 106; charges against, 108, 1 1 1 , 113; quoted, 109, 113, 129; Stanton's enmity toward, 113; at Antietam, 118; superseded, 120; nomination, 127 McClellan convention, 127 ff. McClure, David, 608 McCombs, William F., 500; cruel treatment suffered by, 506; Making

Index

689

Mahan, Alfred T., quoted, 1 6 Woodiow Wilson President, extract, Maher, Danny, 626, 628, 62917 50611 Making Woodrow Wilson President McCormick, Medill, 498, 582 McCormick bill, 583 ( M c C o m b s ) , 506 M c C o y , Frank, 639 Manchester, Duchess of, 1 2 3 McCreary, James B., 605 Manchurians, military character of, 654 MacDonald, Senator, 184 Mandeville, Lord, 649 McDonald, John B., 460 ff.; quoted, Manhattan Underground Rapid Transit 461 System, 460 ff. Manice House, 633 McDuffie, Miss, 51 Manitoba, shooting expedition through, McElroy, Mrs., 3 1 0 1 5 7 ff.; acquired by Canada, 1 6 1 ; McEvers, Bache, 3 journey through, 1 7 1 ff. McEvers, Mrs., 51 Mann, A., Jr., yn McGrath, William H., quoted, 45811 Mack, Norman, 278, 474, 475 Manning, Daniel, 362; quoted, 363; McKallah (mare), 627 contention re free coinage of silver, McKelway, St. Clair, quoted, 263 418 McKenna, Representative, 593 Man-of-War (horse), 625, Ö2Ön McKenna, Stephen, 546 Manufactures, American, cheaper in Mackenzie, Alexander, 1 7 3 London, 467 Mackenzie, Mrs. Alexander, 108 Maori (mare), 627 Ö2gn MacKenzie, Ranald, 1 4 2 , 1 5 9 , 169; Marble, Manton, 184, 195, 198, 199, 2 0 1 , 2 5 1 , 4 1 7 ; letter to Belmont on summoned to Washington, 202 the Mayoralty of New York, 464 ff. Mackenzie, Slidell, io8n March, General, 577 McKinley, William, signed protocols Marconi, Guglielmo, 579 between U. S. and Spain, 335; Marcy, William L., 47n, 292, 294, quoted, 427; tariff policy, 5 1 0 328n, 3 3 1 ; "Ostend Manifesto" disMcKinleyism, condemned, 438 avowed by, 5; correspondence with McKinley tariff, 429 August Belmont, 66 ff.; on relation McLane, Robert, 392 of Cuba to U. S., 395 McLean, Admiral, 352 Marcy-Elgin reciprocity treaty of 1854, McLean, Andrew, 296 368 McLean, John, 602 McLean, Washington, 100 Maria Christina, Queen Regent of MacMahon, "la Maréchale," 1 5 3 Spain, 380, 382, 399 MacMahon, Marie Edmé de, 382 Marine Corps, 22n McSweeney, Daniel, case of, 288 ff. Maritime Association of the Port of Madison, James, 6 1 9 ; quoted, 8711 New York, resolution of thanks to Madison Square Garden, 4 3 1 Perry Belmont, 2 1 7 Madrid, missions of foreign governMaritime Canal Company of Nicaments in, 379; opera, 384 ragua, 5 2 1 ; bill for the incorporation, Madrileno (horse), 629 344; substitute measure, 345 Magdalen Islands, American fishing Marquand, Frederick A., 6 1 2 Marquand, H. G., 6 1 2 rights, 368 Marshall, Thomas, 512; as President for Magian (horse), 624, 627 Magnetic (horse), 628 the moment, 577; quoted, 596 ff. Magnetism (mare), 1 3 6 , 624, 625, 628 Martine, J. E . , 484, 519 Magnetizer (horse), 624, 625, 627 Martinez, assured of U. S.'s approval of Magnin, Governor of Bank of France, annexation of Tarapaca by Chili, 229 419 Masaryk, Thomas, urged Wilson not Magruder family, 55 to leave country, 569 Mahallah (mare), 627 Mason, George, 619

Index Mason, James M., Confederate Commissioner to London, 115 Mason, John Y., 5, 40 Mason, Mary, 55, 58, 60 Mass intelligence, 580 Matador (horse), 624 Matthews, Stanley, 195 Maud (mare), 624 Maurice, Sir Frederick, quoted, 120 Maury, William A., 328n Mauve (mare), 627 May Hempstead, (mare), 628 Meade, General, quoted, 120 Mechanics, skilled: return to factories facilitated by W a r Office in England, 55 1 Medical Faculty, 138 Mein Kampf (Hitler), extract, 580 Mellon, Andrew, 620 Melville, Whyte, 661 Menlo Park, 660 Merchant marine, bill in behalf of, 216; demand for restoration of, 520 Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Committee of the House on, 216 Mirode, Major de, conversation with Moltke, 534 Merrick, Richard T . , 195 Merritt, Captain, 463 Metropolitan Handicap, 628 Mexican War, Lincoln's speech re, 52 5 n Mexico, reciprocity treaty with, 281; Huerta government not recognized by U. S., 523; Wilson's policy toward, 524 ff. Mickle, A. H., 711 Middle Park, 141 Miles, Nelson A., 468n Militarism, 548 Military Convention and Treaty of Versailles made one document, 335 Military races, 634 Military service, classification of men of fighting age, 549 ff. Miller, Justice, 486 Miller, D. S., -jn Miller, Sir J., 628 Miller, Samuel F., 194, 196 Milleschauer, 45 Millet, Francis P., 608 Mills, Ogden, 600

Mills, Roger Q., 413, 612 Mills bill, 613 Milnes, Richard Monckton, 146 Minora (horse), 641 Missouri, loyal regiment equipped in, 76 Missouri Compromise, 88 Moccoli, 61 Moltke, General, 533, 534; quoted, 120, conversation with M&ode, 534 Monarchical system, attempts to restore, 535 Monarque (horse), 624 Money, 413 ff.; standard, 441; only specie can be, 451; see also Bank currency; Bimetallism; Dollar; Gold; Legal tender; Monometallism; Paper money; Silver Monometallism, 417 ff., 448; see a!so Gold; Silver Monroe, James, 271, 619; quoted, 530, 535 Monroe Doctrine, 81, 271, 326, 36111 Montague, Representative, 595 Montero, Admiral, 233 Montevideo, 271 Monti, trophy for Belmont Stake, 145 Moore, C . B., 655, 656 Moore, John Bassett, 335, 343, 371, 519; quoted, 328n, 336; International Law Digest, extract, 520 Moorish Conquests, 381 Mora, Antonio Maximo, 385 ff. Mora Claim, 385 ff. Moran, Charles, 711 Moret, Don S., quoted, 607 Morgan, J. P., & Company, 495 Morgan, J. Pierpont, 206, 209; quoted, 494; accused by Bryan of controlling delegation at Baltimore Convention, 505; associated with Republican Party, 505 Morgan, Senator, 350 Morgan, Matthew, 711 Morganatic (mare), 627, 630, 632 Mormons, 140 Morocco, Sultan of, 401 Morrill Tariff Law, 282, 284 Morris, Governor, 160 Morrison bill, 283 Morrow, William 59 2

W.,

593; quoted,

Index Morse, Alexander P., 195 Morse, John T . , Li fe of Lincoln, extract, 107, 109; Life of John Adams, extract, 619 Mortimer (horse), 624 Morton, Levi P., 238 if., diplomatic representative, 240; conception of position as U. S. Minister in Paris criticized, 265; denial of knowledge of Morton contract, 266 Morton, Oliver P., 186, 194, 196;

National Campaign Publicity Organization, 505 National Cavalry and Artillery Remount Association of the U. S., 638 National defense, 547 ff. National Defense, Council of, 501 ff.,

555

538 , Municipal Art Society, 610 Munster, Count, quoted, 320 Murray, Major General, quoted, 504 Musidora (mare), 627 Mussolini, Benito, 404 Myers, J. L., 484

National Democratic Club of New York, 418 National insurance plans, English, 496 National Publicity Law Association, 478 National Remount Association, 636 National service, see Conscription National Silver Party Convention, 421 Naval Appropriation Bill, 221 Navigation, river: principle of restricted freedom of, 328 Navy League, 353; Belmont chairman of delegation from, 500 Navy League Magazine, extract, 553 Nazis and Spanish war, 404, 405 Nebraska Democratic State Convention, 446 Negofol (horse), 644 Nellie James (mare), 624 Nelson, Justice, 413 Neri, 59 Netherlands Republic, Constitution, 87 Neuflize, M . de, 647; quoted, 540 Neuflize, André de, 540 Neutrality, wisdom of American system of, 333; meaning when applied to artificial waterway between oceans, 356

Nachtigal, Gustav, 317 Narragansett Gun Club, 655 ff. Nation, The, extract, 244, 262 National Academy of Design, 609 National Anti-monopoly League, favors reelection of Belmont, 285n National banking law, 427 National banking system, created by Republicans, 445 National bank notes, 413 National Breeders Stakes, 624 National campaign committees, Federal jurisdiction over, 485 National Campaign Publicity Association, 477

Neutrals, declaration of rights of, 68, 69 Nevada (mare), 627 Nevins, Allan, quoted, 246^ Grover Cleveland, extract, 304 Newbold, Mr. and Mrs., 58, 59 New England, slave system replaced by immigrant labor, 92; interference with railroad system opposed, 362 Newfoundland fisheries, see Fisheries question New Granada, Republic of: Convention of 1846 with U. S., 339, 341 New Jersey, act for extinction of slavery. 93 Newlands, Francis G., 484

quoted, 188 Morton, Bliss and Company, 238, 241 Morton contract, 220, 238 ff., 266; described by Committee on Foreign Affairs, 243; public opinion on, 244 Moslems, 381 Moss Rose (mare), 626, 643 Motley, J. L., 10911 Mott, T . Bentley, Twenty Years as Military Attaché, extract, 572 Mott, John, 651 Mott, Valentine, 6 Moulton, Mrs., 41 Mugwump support, effect upon Democratic candidate, 408 "Mugwumps," 191 Munich, 46; early days of World War,

ÔÇ2

Index

Newminster (horse), 6 1 4 Newport, Perry monuments, 14; Belmont's legal residence, 214 Newport Historical Society, 10 Newspaper R o w , 2 50n N e w Year season, 35 N e w York City, St. Mark's Church, 14; authorized to issue tax-free bonds, 212; Greater N e w York formed, 214; rapid transit, 460; Columbian celebration, 608 N e w York Democratic State Convention ( 1 8 9 6 ) , platform, 447 N e w York Fine Arts Commission, 610 N e w York Historical Society, 10 N e w York L i f e Insurance Company, 480 N e w York Peace Society, 558 N e w York State, emancipation, 92; First Congressional District, 2 1 4 ff.; Democratic presidential ticket, 304; accused of conspiracy to manipulate monetary affairs of country, 429; racetracks closed, 639; initial step in revival of racing, 641 N e w York State Convention ( 1 8 9 5 ) , 407-16; issues, 4 1 2 Nexon, Baron, 646 Nicaragua, withdrawal of U . S. troops from, 271; canal project and route proposed, 333, 338, 343 fi., 350; Treaty of 1867 with U . S., 339, 348; concessions to American Atlantic and Pacific Ship Canal C o m p a n y , 342 Nicolay, John George, 124 Niger, river, 321 Niles's Register, Ç20n Nitrate trade, contest for, 222 Nitti, Francesco, Bolshevism, Fascism and Democracy, dedication, 579 Nobel Peace Prize, awarded to W i l s o n , 528 Nordhoff, Charles, 220 Norman III (horse), 641 Norris, George W . , 482 North American Review, 500; articles by Belmont, 456, 457; extract, 474 Northwest Lonely Cross, 178 Notre D a m e (mare), 624 N . R . A . Case, 472 Nuremberg, 45

Nursery Stud Farm, 130, 624, 625 Nurses, received Royal Red Cross, 577 Oakman, W . G . , 461 Ocean, menace of predominating power on, 69 O ' C o n n o r case, 289 ff., 291 O ' C o n o r , Charles, 156, 192, 195, 198, 203, 485, 486; letter to August Belmont, 299; public services, 302 Octagon (horse), 643 O d o m , jockey, 628 O'Donell, editor of Bloomingdale Daily Bulletin, 523 O ' D o n n e l l Resolution, 298 Office seekers, 306 Officers decorated by Prince of W a l e s , 577 O ' G o r m a n , Senator, 519 ff. Ohio, colored troops, 397 Oldfield, W . A . , quoted, 496 O l d Madrid (mare), 627, 628 Olmsted, Frederick Law, 608 Olney, Richard, 36 m Onondaga (mare), 624 Onslow, Lord, 359 Oonahdahtah, 15 Opera in Madrid, 384 Order of the Eastern Star, T h e , national headquarters, 13 Oread (mare), 627, 628 Oregon case, 198, 202 Orense, Marquis of Albaida, 382 Ortegal (mare), 643 Osborn, American Minister to Chili, 224, 228, 253 Osborne, Bernal, 146 "Ostend Manifesto," 5 Osterley, 358 Otis, Alleyne, iogn O w e n , M r . , 62 Oxford-Harvard boat race, 136 Pacelli, Papal Nuncio, 277 Pacific Coast, vessels for Navy built on, 351 Pack-dogs, 172 Page, W a l t e r Hines, 523 Paget, Sidney, 628 Paine, Charles J, 4 1 9 Pallandt, Queen's Chamberlain, 36, 38

Index Palmer, John J, 711 Palmer, John M., 431 Palmer, Thomas W . , 388, 392 Palmerston, Lord, 97, 98, 318 Panama Canal, 333, 518 ff., proposed route, 338, 350; joint protectorate over, 340; Atlantic approaches controlled by maritime powers of Europe, 352; responsibility of U. S., 353; neutrality, 354, 504, 556, 557 Panama Canal Zone, 519 ff. Panama Isthmus, neutrality guaranteed by U. S., 339, 341; use of, to all nations, guaranteed by the U. S., 339 Pan-American Congresses, 271 Pan-Americanism, 269 Pan-Germanism, 544 Panic (1893), 414 Paper money, as legal tender, 426, 428; failure to retire, 429; issuing of, a function of banks or of government, 443; Gage bill an effort to retire, 444; changing value in markets, 445; mere currency under Constitution, 451; see also Bank currency Paris, Comte de, History of the Civil War, extract, l i g n Paris, 40; beginning of World War, 539 Paris, Congress of, 69; principles adopted, 70 Paris Exposition (1859), commemoration of meeting of Estates General, 389, 391 Paris meridian, 218 Paris, Treaty of, 328 Parity, of gold and silver, 446, 448, 449 Parker, Amasa, 183 Parliamentary system, British, 582 Parnell period, 299, 28gn Partridge shooting, 658 Party funds, secret: sale of honors through, 239« Party system, advantages of government by, 414; regularity of organization, 433; English, 489 Party System, The (Belloc and Chesterton), extract, 489 Patience (mare), 624 Patterson, Senator, 477 Pau, Francis de, 63n

693

Pau, hunt at, 150 Payne, Henry B., 100, 1 0 1 , 192, 194, 199 Peace of Paris, navigation provisions, 319n Peace without victory, 406, 502, 528, 568 Peary, Admiral, 179 Peerages, sale of, 489, 492 Peirce, Sanders, 132 Pell, Alfred, 711 Pendleton, George Hunt, 134, 210, 305, 307, 591; bill to permit the executive heads to appear before Congress, 587, 598, 601; quoted, 590 Pendleton Bill, 307 Penfield, Francis, 537 Pennsylvania, act for extinction of slavery, 93 Pensacola Telegraph Company vs. The Western Union, 203 ff. People's Party platform, stolen by Bryan Chicago Convention, 421 Pepper, Senator, 432 Perit, Pelatiah, 76 Perkins, G. C., iogn Perkins, James H., 620 Pero Gomez (horse), 624 Perry family, i5n; monument, 14 Perry, Bell, see Perry, Isabel Perry, Caroline Slidell, see Belmont, Caroline S. P. Perry, Christopher Raymond, 16, 24, Perry, Elizabeth Mason, 27 Perry, Elna, 25 Perry, Isabel, 29, 38n; costumes, 32, 36; presented to Queen of Holland, 31 f.; proposal of marriage, 38n; presented at French court, 50 Perry, James Alexander, 24 Perry, Jane (Mrs. Butler), 50 Perry, Jane (Mrs. Hone), 15, 16 Perry, Jane (Slidell), 4, 15, 16, 50 Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 3, 4, 10811, 524; expeditions to Japan: treaty of amity, 7 ff.; silver service presented to, by Chamber of Commerce, 9, 12; regarded as benefactor by Japanese, 13; buried in St. Mark's

694

Index

Church, New York, 14; monument to, 14; step taken towards equality for Marine Corps, 22n; at The Hague, 48; residence in New York, 5on Perry, Oliver Hazard, 14, 15®., 24, io8n, 205; hero of Lake Erie, 16, 17; letters, iyn, 18 ff.; liking for horses, 18; duel, 2211; annuity granted to family of, 25; his sword presented to U. S. Naval Academy, 27 Perry, Raymond Henry Jones, 21, 24 Perry, Sarah, 15 Pershing, John J., 577; opinion of Huerta, 524; urgent appeal not to grant armistice disregarded, 568, 571', 572; belief that Military Convention was most important part of Peace Treaty, 570; quoted, 570; My Experiences in the World War, extracts, 571, 575; demand for unconditional surrender of German army, 572; hostility of Clemenceau aroused b y . 574 Persimmon (horse), 641 Personal government, 581-604 Peru, relation to U. S., 220; war with Chili, 221 ff.; public debt, 222 ff.; alliance with Bolivia, 223; nitrate beds, 223; offer of Crédit Industriel to assume debt of, 227; collapse of government, 228; Calderón government recognized by U. S., 228; Hurlbert's purpose to prevent cession of Tarapaca to Chili, 229; contradictory character of dispatches to, 230; acts intended to proclaim that country was under protection of U. S., 232; granted port to U. S., 232; suppression of Calderón government, 233; Landreau claim, 235, 256 s . ; Calderón government's concession to Crédit Industriel, 239; Garfield's policy in, 253; part of bondholders of Bank of England in war on, 259 Pétain, Marshal, 574 Peters, Dick, 136 Peters, Sam, 136 Phelps, Captain, 338 Phelps, Edward J., 358 Phelps, J. J., jn

Phelps, Royal, yn, 76 Phelps, William W „ 363 Philadelphia Gun Club, 656 Philippines, 335, 459, 557 "Philippines and the Supreme Court, T h e " (Belmont), 457 Phillips, Wendell, 92 Phoenix Society in Skibbereen, 30 3n Picayune, The, New Orleans, extract, 453 Pierce, Benjamin, iogn Pierce, Franklin, 5, 331; quoted, 70 Pierola, 228 Pigeon Club, Paris, 659 Pigeon River, 158 Pigeon shooting, 147, 655 ff.; considered cruel, 657 Pigeon-shooting club, 139 Plaisted, Harris M., 509, 512, 515, 516, 5*7 Piatt, James H., 296; Belmont's opponent in tariff debate, 281 Piatt Amendment, 271 Plenge, Professor, The Theory of Propaganda, 531 Poincaré, President, 540, 544n Poland, unprovoked invasion of, 543 Political committee, defined, 487, 491 Political conventions, deplorable change in, 127 Political expenditure, new form of, 497 Politics, personal sacrifice of men engaged in, 135 Polk, Frank, 546 Polo, 649-53; game at Casa de Campo, 398; strength of language used, (>49n, 654 Pomerene, Atlee, 484 Pope, 58, 59, 277 Populist National Convention, 421 Populists, 424 ff. passim; plot to capture Democratic Convention, 420; stand on bimetallism, 421, 441; influence over Democratic Party, 444; advocate issue of legal-tender paper dollars, 445 Porcellian, 138 Porter, Benjamin C., 608 Porter, David, 22 Porter, Horace, 608 Porter, James Davis, 156

Index Porter, Lowrey, and Stone, Perry Belmont in office of, 1 5 6 , 203, 660 Portugal and Congo territory, 3 1 7 , 322; relations with France and Great Britain, 3 1 7 Post, Edwin, 7n Post, Washington, extract, 637 Potomac (horse), 624, 625 Potter, E . C „ 633 Potter, John W . , quoted, 45711 Potter, R . B., 659 Pound, French and English: originally silver, 425 Powder River Expedition, 159 Powell, John, 1 2 8 Prague, 45 Preparedness, 547 ff. Prescott, William H., 10911 President, see U. S., President Presidential campaign funds, see Campaign funds Presidential campaigns ( 1 8 7 6 ) , 193; ( 1 8 8 4 ) , 278-309; ( 1 8 9 6 ) , 417-55; ( 1 9 1 2 ) , 499-528 Presidential candidates, preference for western, 1 8 3 , 500 Presidential electors, are state officers, 1 9 5 ; jurisdiction of Congress over, 197 Presidential Problems (Cleveland), extract, 206 Press, concentrated attention upon White House conferences, 2 56n Press Gallery, 25611 Prices, 467, 468 Priests, celibate, as missionaries, 1 6 1 , 170 Prim, General, 381 Prime, Rufus, 7n Prime, Temple, 5on, 54 Prime meridian, efforts to establish, 2 1 8 Prime Minister, required to justify recommendations for peerages, 492 Prince Royal (horse), 624 Princess (mare), 624 Pringle, Julius Izard, 92 Prize Money, 19, 20 Propaganda, German, 531 Property, private: exemption from capture at sea, 70 Protectionists, 278

695

Protestant Episcopal Church at its best, 277 Protestant Missionaries, 1 6 1 Provisional Interoceanic Canal Society, 345. 34 8 Prudent, Charles, 166 Prudent, William, 166, 1 7 1 Prussia, fundamental axiom of military caste, 406; change from silver to gold standard, 430; conception of war, 5 3 1 ; a menace to representative government, 541 Public Call, 76 Public sentiment, result of sudden change in, 480 Public Utilities Holding Company Act of 1 9 3 5 , 204 "Publicity of Election Contributions and Expenditures" (Belmont), extract, 474 Puck (horse), 659 Pugh, Senator, 279 P u Lun, Prince, 654 Purdy, August Belmont, 623 Purdy, J . F., ~jn Purdy, John, 6, 623 Purdy, Samuel, 62 311 P u Y i , 654 Quatorze mois dans ¡'Amérique du Nord (Turenne), extracts, 160, 1 6 1 , 172, 173, 175, 176 Quatrefages, M . de, 3 1 7 Queens, Borough of, 2 1 4 Queen's Bower (mare), 626, 643 Quelle Chance (mare), Ô2Ôn Qu'Elle est Belle II (mare), 62611 Quetico Park, 1 5 8 Quincy, Josiah, quoted, 62 3n Raceland (horse), 625 Races, military: wearing of uniform, 634 Racing, 623-49; s e e a ' s o Steeplechasing Railroad rates unequal, 466 Rainy Lake River, 1 5 8 , 169 Randall, Robert E., 2 3 1 ; testimony in investigation of Morton contract, 2 4 1 ; interview with Blaine, 242 Randall, Samuel J., 278, 286; elected Speaker of House, 1 9 3 Randolph, John, quoted, 62 3n

696

Index

Ranger (sloop), 663 Rapid transit, 460 ff. Rastadt, Congress of, 328 Rathbone, Major, 140 Ravené, Mme., 1 5 4 Rayner, Isidor, 484 Rayon d'Or (horse), 643 Reagon, 3 5 1 Reason alone, test of, 1 5 6 Reciprocity treaties, 2 7 1 , 281 Recruiting stopped, 109 ff. Recteren, Countess de, 34, 38 Rectory School, Hamden, Conn., 7 1 , 130 Red Cloud Indians, 159 Red Leaf Indians, 159 Reed, Charles, 625 Reed Committee, 495 Reeves, Henry A., 2 1 4 Reform Club, Boston, Belmont's address, 393 ff. Remount Association, 637 Renan, quoted, 544n Ren wick, Mr. and Mrs., 55, 63 Representation by towns, colonial system, 86 Republic or Empire (Belmont), 457 Republican Convention, stand on abolition of secret campaign funds, 485 Republican inflation bill, 427 Republican Party, 1 0 3 ; distortion of Civil W a r issues, 190; denounced, 1 9 1 ; profited by sectional division, 1 9 1 ; tariff issue in platform, 288; Stalwarts and Half-Breeds, 30 511; acts declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court, 4 1 3 ; responsible for Sherman Law, 427; pledged to international bimetallism, 442; tool of great interests, 467 Republicans, leaders fail to honor McClellan, 124; hamper investigation of Morton contract, 247; oppose treaty to thwart Democratic administration, 372; proposal to emit greenback debt and make it a legal tender, 426; plurality gains in 1898, 450; leaders' hostility toward campaign publicity law, 488; responsibility for present budget system, 582 Republics, league of, suggested by Belmont, 390, 391

Rettger, Benedict V . , quoted, 275 Returning Board, bribery of, 201 Return to Secret Party Funds (Belmont), 495 Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 100 Rheumatism aggravated by whisky or brandy, 160 Rhine, traffic freed from tolls and taxes, 328 Rhinelander, Frederick, 1 2 8 Rhodes, Charles D., 639 Rica (mare), 624 Rich Mountain, battle of: effect, 106 Richelieu, Cardinal, 2 1 8 Richmond, Borough of, 2 1 4 Richmond, Dean, 100 Riddle, Samuel D., 626 Rinaldi, 57 Rio Grande, 52 5n Risk (horse), 623 Ristori, 60 River navigation, principle of restricted freedom of, 328 River Pirate (horse), 626, 627 Rivera, Primo de, 399 Rives, George, 659 Robbins, George S., yn Robbins, Howland, 649 Robbins, Jessie, marriage to Perry Belmont, 456 Robbins, S. A., 6 5 1 , 652 Robbins, S. H., 655, 657 Roberts, M . O., yn Robeson, George M . , 221 Robins, Daniel C . , 456 Robinson, Richelieu, 28911 Rock Sand (horse), 626, 628, 643, 644 Rockwell, C . K., 639 Rockwell, C . W „ yn Rockwell, L . , 639 Rodgers, Alexander, 638 Rodgers, Christopher Raymond Perry,

35°

Rodgers, John, 1 4 Rodman, Alfred, 140 Roebuck, J. A., quoted, 95, 96 Rogers, Alexander Slidell, 1 5 9 Rogers, Fairman, 6 5 1 , 652, 660 Rogers, Fred, quoted, 662 Rogers, John, 57 Rogers, Rosa G., 6 1 2 Rogers, Will, 1 5

Index Rogers Bill, 37711 Roman Catholic C h u r c h at its best, 277 Rome, 56 ff.; continuity of development, 536 Romping Girl (mare), 624 Roosevelt, Franklin D . , 12, 585; quoted, 270; good neighbor policy, 270, 271 Roosevelt, Theodore, 124, 127, 483; opposing candidacies of T a f t and, 499; administration marked by power of trusts, 510; charged both parties with corruption, 5 1 1 ; Panama Canal question, 518 ff.; quoted, 556, 662; views re German aggression and national defense, 556 Root, Elihu, 156, 602; quoted, 2 7 1 , 456, 558; support of Pendleton bill, 600 Roquebrune (mare), 643 Rosas, 243 Rosebery, Lord, 252, 359, 628; quoted, 49 2 Roslyn, L o n g Island, 456 Rossa, O ' D o n o v a n , 303 Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 57 Rothschild, Baron, 62 Rothschild, Messrs., and American business, 207; diminution of business with, 212 Rothschild, Mr. and Mrs., 64, 65; dinner with, 40 Rothschild, Alfred, 146 Rothschild, Lionel, 30, 206, 207 Rothschild, Nathaniel, 206, 207, 208 Rowing without coxswains, 136, 137 Royal G o l d and Silver Commission, 418 Royal Hampton (horse), 624 Royal H u n t , 151 Royal R e d Cross, received by nurses, 577 Royal Y a c h t Squadron, 663 Rudolph of Austria, C r o w n Prince, death, 379, 383 Ruggles, Francis H., 639 Rush, Benjamin, 25 Russell, Charles H., 75, 76, 138 Russell, Jonathan, 24 Russia, desire to secure privileges in Japan, 39

697

Ryan, T h o m a s F., accused of controlling N e w York delegation, 505 Sabine, Charles, 620 Sackville-West, Sir Lionel, 371; trick brought about recall, 298 Sackville-West, Victoria, 610 Safe, J. Shaw, 65on Sagasta, 382 St. Blaise (horse), 625, 643 St. Bridget (mare), 643 St. Croce, Prince and Princess de, 58 St. Florian (horse), 643 St. Gaudens, Augustus, 608, 610, 612; Sherman equestrian statue, 615 St. Jean, atelier of, 54 St. Jean, Captain, 63 St. Jean, de Grasse ( F o x ) , 63 St. Laurent Mission, 1 7 1 St. Mark's Church, N e w York, 14 St. Nicholas' E v e tree, 49 St. Patrick's Day banquet, 523 St. Roman, C o u n t , 153 St. Saviour (horse), 643 St. Simons (horse), 643 Salisbury, Lord, quoted, 225 Salt Lake C i t y , 140 Sandford, J. F. A., 7n Sandown Park Race Course, 633 Sands, Captain, 55 Sands, F . P., 656 Sanfoin (horse), 643 Sanford, Henry S., 316, 323 Sanford, John, 311 San Francisco, 140 Sanitary Fair, Belmont picture gallery opened for, 6 1 1 Sanson, E., 578 Santa Anna, 52511 Sargent, Henry I., 10911 Sarolta (horse), 151 Sartiges, C o u n t de, 69 Satanella ( y a c h t ) , 661 Saulteaux Indians, 173 . Sceptre (horse), 642 Schechter Case, 472 Schell, R., 711 Schuchardt, F., yn Scott, Jimmie, 75 Scott, T h o m a s A., 75 Screen presented by the Japanese Government, 13

698

Index

Sea Gate Stakes, 628 Sea power, menace of predominant, 69 Sears, David, 10911 Secret campaign funds, see Campaign funds Secret organizations of hooded cowardice, 398 Secret party funds in England, 488 Sedgwick, Theodore, 52 Selborne, Lord, 493 Selkirk Settlement, 1 7 3 Sensation (horse), 624 Sentinel, Rome, N . Y . , extract, 455 Seven Seas Magazine, extracts, 547 if. Seward, William H., quoted, 89, 1 1 8 ; instructions drafted to desist from intercourse with British government, 1 1 4 ; attempt to have defined relations between U. S. and Panama, 340 Seward-Lyons Treaty, 3 1 8 Seymour, Governor, 8 1 , 1 3 4 , 4 1 1 ; asked to accept nomination for presidency, 2 1 0 Shane, Paul, 640 Shattuck, Frederick, 1 5 0 Shellabarger, Samuel, 1 9 5 , 198 Sheridan, Phil, 1 5 9 , 169, 170 Sherman, Judge, 468n Sherman, Mr., 55 Sherman, Mrs., 5 1 , 55, 58, 59, 62 Sherman, James S., 488 Sherman, John, 378, 4 1 2 , 4680, 590; quoted, 308, 591; favored free coinage, of gold and silver by international agreement, 4 1 8 Sherman, Mary Hoyt, 468n Sherman, W . , 71] Sherman, William Tecumseh, 1 1 3 , 1 5 8 , 169, 46811, 6 5 1 ; St. Gaudens' equestrian statue of, 6 1 5 Sherman Law, 4 1 3 , 4 1 4 , 427, 429 Sherman Silver Purchase Act, 445; Bryan led resistance to repeal of, 4 2 1 ; repealed, 446; depression owing to, 448 Sherman Treasury notes, 429 Ship railway project, 338, 350 Short, William H., effective work in cause of League of Nations, 558, 559 Short History of the United States Navy, A (Clark), extract, io8n

Siebold case, 196, 486, 487 Signorinetta (mare), 641 Silva Plana (mare), 627 Silver, free coinage, 4 1 3 , 4 1 7 ft., 447; coinage of silver and gold at 1 6 to 1 , 420 ff.; demonetization of, 427; gold price of silver bullion, 445; question reopened, 445; parity with gold, 446, 448, 449; monometallism, 448; ceased to be an issue, 467; see also Bimetallism; Coinage; Dollar; Money Silverites, 427, 429, 430 Silver-mining interests, 4 2 1 , 422, 448; active in campaign for higher prices for silver, 4 1 9 , 4 2 1 , 422 Silver nonpartisan plot, 4 2 1 Silver platform, bolt from, 446 Silver Republicans, declared for independent free coinage of silver, 441 Silver service, presented to Commodore Perry, 9, 1 2 Simmons, J . Edward, 472 Simmons, William H., 1 3 7 Sioux Indians, 1 5 9 , 1 6 5 ; White Eagle, 164; feeling against Americans, 168 Sir Henry (horse), 623n Sixth Avenue elevated road, 1 8 2 , 460 Slavery, 7 1 ; conflict, 88 ff.; in Democratic Convention ( i 8 6 0 ) , 100 ff.; in the Territories, 100, 102 Slave trade, Congo, 3 1 8 Slidell, Alexander, io8n Slidell, Alfred, 1 1 7 Slidell, Ann, 39, 50 Slidell, Jane, 4, 6, 7 Slidell, John, 4, 6, 1 5 , 100, io8n, 1 5 3 , 247; Confederate Commissioner to France, 1 1 5 ; in Washington, 1 1 6 ; application for permission to visit New Orleans, 1 1 7 Slidell, Mathilde, 1 1 5 , 1 1 6 Slidell, Rosine, 1 5 3 Small, Elijah, io8n Smith, A. B., 633 Smith, Goldwyn, 370 Smith, Harry W . , 636 Smith, John Cotton, quoted, 1 1 2 Smith, Marcus, 178, 305 Smith, O., yn Smith, Selah, 129 Smith case, 496 Socialists in California, 2 1 2

Index Social reform, 495; English acts, 496 Société d'Encouragement à l'Elévage du Cheval de Guerre Français, 645 Société d'Encouragement pour l'Amélioration des Races de Chevaux en France, 642 Société des Nations, 559 Société des Steeplechases de France, 634 Société Générale Industriel et C o m mercial, 227 Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 657 Somers case, io8n Somerset G u n Club, 655 Soulé, Pierre, 5 Sound dues, treaty between U . S. and Denmark re, 331 South, slavery passing, 93 South America, Blaine's policy, 21454; reversal of policy, 255-77; g ° ° d neighbor policy, 269 ff.; increase in exports to, 287« South Carolina, elections: double returns, 196 ff.; quarrel with Virginia,

397 Southern Secessionists at Democratic Convention, 100 Soutter, J. T . , j n Spa, Belgium, waters, 52 Spain, plan to purchase or wrest C u b a from, 5; Court's desire that formal speech should be omitted, 379; influence of Moorish Conquest, 381; struggle toward liberal constitutionalism, 381; difficulties in Northern Africa, 400; Civil W a r , 404, 535; plan to celebrate discovery of America, 607 Spaniards, 381 Spanish-American W a r , 396 Spanish-speaking Republics, interest in canal, 349 Speakers' Bureau, 508 Spearmint (horse), 628 Special Japanese Mission, 13 Spee, Admiral, purpose to bring canal within war zone, 353 Spindrift (horse), 623 Spofford, Paul, jn Sport Exhibition, Vienna, 658

699

Sporting news, development as branch of journalism, 650 Sportsmen's dinner, 636, 637 Spy system, 545 Stag shooting, 658 Stakaelberg, C o u n t , 53 Stalwarts, 305 Stanchfield, 507 Stanley, Henry M . , 3 1 1 , 315, 323, 324, 325; quoted, 32311 Stanley Pool, 317, 323 Stanton, Edwin M . , 1 1 2 ; quoted, 107; enmity toward M c C l e l l a n , 1 1 3 Star, T h e , Kansas C i t y , extract, 454 Star Route, 295 State, power to disfranchise, usurped by Senate and House, 188; conflict between Federal power and, 203, 204; certificate of Governor, mandatory upon Congress, 485 State bank issues swept out of existence,

4»3 Staten Island, 214 State Racing Commission, 633 Stayton, W . H., 602 Steel-Maitland, Arthur, 490 Steel Trust, petition to dissolve, 494 Steeplechasing, 659; military, 634; banished from Jerome Park and Saratoga, 660 Stern-Rubarth, Professor, Propaganda as a Political Instrument, 531 Stevenson, Adlai, 199, 4 1 9 , 523 Stewart, Senator, 420, 421 Stewart, Alexander, 76 Stewart, Redmond, 638 Stimson, Henry L., 638 Stockholders, indignation re campaign contributions of corporations, 480 Stockwell (horse), 624 Stone, H . A . , 7n Stone, W i l l i a m W . , 7n, 484 Storm (horse), 659 Story, Judge, Commentaries, extract, 582n Story, Julian, 6 1 2 Story, W . W . , 612 Story, W a l d o , 6 1 2 Stoughton, E . W . , 195 Stratford (horse), 624 Strong, M r . and Mrs., 59, 60 Strong, Peter, 55

7oo

Index

Strong, William, 194, 196 Stuart, Joseph, 711 Stumm, Baron, 154, Sturgis, Russell, 610 Suarez, agent of Crédit Industrie!, 228, 2 45 Subway, 460 Suez Canal, 343; use of, in SpanishAmerican War, 353; England's obligation to maintain neutrality of, 354; status in international law, 356 Suffolk County, Democrats ask apportionment of campaign funds, 474 Sugano, 13 Sullivan, Algernon S., 296 Sullivan, Roger, 523 Sumner, Charles, 92, 10911; Life of Jackson, 475 Sumners, Hatton W . , 601 Sun, N . Y., Morton contract published in, 220; extract, 613, 639 Superior National Park, 158 Supreme Court, decision re the dollar, 428; packed with Republican judges, 445; federal legislation declared unconstitutional by, 472; should not be subject of political contentions, 473n Supreme Court Bar, 328n Survival of the Democratic Principle, The (Belmont), extract, 84, 602 Susan Bean (mare), 624 Susie Linwood (mare), 627 Susquehanna (mare), 624 Susquehanna (Perry's ship), 55 Swann, D., 656 Swanson, Senator, 124 Swift Stake, 627 Switzerland, 44 Sysonby (horse), 632

Tadolini, 57, 59 Taft, William H., 483, 638; quoted, 484, 558; opposing candidacies of Roosevelt and, 499; tariff policy, 510; interest in League of Nations, 558 ff.; Commission on Economy and Efficiency, 582, 584; accomplishment, 584; on presence of Cabinet officers on floor of each House, 598; in favor of Pendleton bill, 601 f. Takahira, Baron, 11, 12

Tammany (horse), 627 Tampico, bombardment of, 524 Tao Kuang, 654 Tarapaca, contest for possession of, 222; Hurlbut's purpose to rescue from Chili, 229 Tariff, Belmont challenged to debate upon, 278; political antagonisms in debates, 279; action upon, by legislation, 510 Tariff Reformers, 278 Taxes, Federal: surplus, 284; income and inheritance, 452 Taylor, Sir Francis, 276 Taylor, Moses, -jn, 76 Taylor, Richard, 212 Taylor, Vincent, quoted, 275 Taylor, Zachary, 2i2n Tehuantepec route proposed for canal, 33 8 > 35° Telegram, extract, 633 Telegram, The, London, 315 Telegrams, sent by visiting statesmen, investigated, 202; could be legally called for by Parliament, 203 Telegraph, The, Kalamazoo, extract, 454 Telegraphing, part of interstate commerce, 203, 204 Teller, Senator, 420, 421, 447, 448 Tenerani, 57 Tennessee (U.S.S.), 540 Tenny (horse), 628 Tenure of Office Act, 586 Territory, free, 100, 102 Terry, Luther, 612 Texas, boundary, 52511 Thayer, G . F., 10911 Thayer, Nat, 138 Third Virginia Volunteers, 397 Thirty Years of New York Politics (Breen), 302 Thompson, Joseph H., quoted, 415 Thompson, Robert M., quoted, 503 Thorn, T h e (horse), 629 Thorn, W . K., 6^on Thorn, Winthrop, 649 Thorndike, Miss, 387 Thomdike, Mr., 657 Thun, Franz, 149, 151 Thurman, Allen G., 184, 194 Thurtle, Ernest, quoted, 493

Index Ticknor, George, 10911 Tiffany, Lewis C., 608 Tiffany, William, 150 Tilden, Samuel J., 7611, 180, 1 8 1 , 190, 200, 201, 302; nominated, 192; antipathy against, 2 1 1 ; elected Governor, 4 1 2 Tilden-Hayes controversy, 185, 193, 486 Tillinghast, William H., 612 Time, resolution re international standard of, 218 Times, The, Chattanooga, extract, 454 Times, London, extract, 273, 323n Times, New York, extract, 431 Times Herald, The, Dallas, extract, 453 Tithonus (horse), 643 Toombs, Robert, 92 Tornielli, Count, 38311 Torrey, Henry W., 132, 197 Totten, E., 656 Toucques (mare), 624 Touro Park, Newport: Perry monument, 14 Townsend, Dwight, 267 Townsend, Isaac, j n Tracery (horse), 626, 642 Transcript, Boston, extract, 39 2n Travelling carriage, 61 Treaties, sustained by force, 5 59 Treaty-making power, 349, 510 Treaty of 1818, see Fisheries question Treaty of 1839, 556 Trescot, William Henry, 234; mission, 236; testimony re Morton contract, 247 ff. Troschel, Mr., 60 Trotter, J., 711 Trumbauer, Horace, 578 Trumbull, Lyman, 195; objects to vote of Texas, 189 Tucker, "Ras," 129, 130 Tumulty, Joseph, 566 Tupper, Sir Charles, 371; quoted, 373 Turenne (horse), 624 Turenne, Louis de, shooting expedition, 157-81; Quatorze mois dans l'Amérique du Nord, extracts, 160, 1 6 1 , 166, 172, 173, 175, 176 Turf and Field Club, 633 Turgot, Marquis de, 5

701

Tweed, William M., proceedings against, 302; verdict, 303 Tweed Ring, 190, 302 Twenty-second Joint Rule of the two Houses of Congress, 186, 194 Twenty Years as Military Attache (Mott), extract, 572 Twenty Years of Congress (Blaine), extract, 90, i04n Twiss, Travers, 324 Tzu Hsi, 654 Udine, Prince of, 579 Uncle Sam Ward and His Circle (Elliott), 2 52n Underwood, Senator, 505, 508 Union War Democrats, 88, 89, 104, 190; services rendered by, 125 United Hunts Racing Association, 633 ff., 639 United Irishman, The, 30 3n United States, desire to purchase Cuba, 5; treaty of amity with Japan, 7 ff.; Marine Corps, 22n; Government agents' treatment of Indians, 1 7 1 ; Blaine's South American policy, 214-54; difficult to obtain knowledge of machinery of Government, 2 1 5 ; asked to mediate in war between South American Republics, 224, 225; existence dependent on maintaining belligerent rights, 225; England and Germany offer co-operation, 225; refusal to co-operate in South America, 226; recognition of Calderón Government in Peru, 228; attitude toward Chili's annexation of Tarapaca, 229; contradictory character of dispatches to Peru and to Chili, 229 f.; acts intended to proclaim that Peru was under protection of, 232; Peruvian port granted to, 232; spurious claims pressed to secure assistance of, 234; instructed Hurlbut to continue recognition of Calderón Government, 236; a speculator upon the helplessness of Peru, 237; good neighbor policy, 269 ff.; neutrality policy, 314; part in suppression of slave trade, 318; recognition of flag of International African Association, 319; right to navigate rivers in Latin

702

Index

United S t a t e s — ( C o n t i n u e d ) America, 328; treaty with Denmark re Sound dues, 331; neutrality system, 333; effect of Isthmian Canal upon foreign policy, considered, 337 ff.; Treaty of 1867 with Nicaragua, 339, 348; Convention of 1846 with N e w Granada, 339, 341; renounced right to acquire dominion in Central America, 341; rights over Isthmus guaranteed to Colombia, 341; obligation to maintain neutrality of Panama Canal, 354 ff. (see also Panama C a n a l ) ; fisheries question, 358-74 (see also Fisheries question); foreign service established by Rogers Bill, abolishing diplomatic and consular service, 370n; Legation no longer in position of claim agency, 388; war declared against Spain, 396; coinage, 4 1 3 ff., 424, 425; legal tender, 426 ff., 437 ff.; debt, 428; closed mints against silver, 430; legislation dealing with campaign publicity, 472, 482, 485; Huerta government not recognized by, 523; increased military and naval preparation necessary, 529; state of undeclared warfare, 544, 554; armed democracy in, best safeguard of republican institutions, 547; Austrian Ambassador's recall demanded for acts against, 554; activities of German and Austrian officers within, 554; obligation to protest invasion of Belgium, 556; wisdom of participation in League of Nations questioned, 560 ff.; budget system, 582 A r m y : President as Commanderin-Chief, 124; officers assist in evacuation of Americans from Switzerland, 539; inferiority of horses, 636; to be supplied with better mounts, 637 Bureau of the Budget, 583 - C a b i n e t : appearance before Congress proposed, 210, 582 ff.; Pendleton's bill, 587; power to remove, 586 -Congress: jurisdiction over elections of presidential electors, 196 f.; has no power to compel Western

Union C o m p a n y to surrender telegrams, 203; responsibility for Federal appointments, 306; regulation of commerce with foreign nations, 328; has no treaty-making power, 349; credit due to, in settlement of fisheries question, 374; position of leadership in, preferable to diplomatic appointment, 376; mass of printed matter makes oral communication desirable, 597 -Constitution, 85, 86; T w e l f t h Amendment, 187 Navy: adequate and well proportioned, demanded, 501 ff. - N a v y Department: belief that Secretary of, should be retired Navy officer, 586 ff. -President, importance of Congressional experience, 307, 595; law providing for succession in case of death of, 310; must b e a successful fisherman, 3 1 1 ; discretionary power re treaties, 334; treaty-making power, 349; ability, 470; control over Government expenditures, 581, 585; power to prepare and submit budget to Congress, 583; extension of authority, 582; too much required of,

594

Senate treaty-making power, 349 -State Department: " O s t e n d Manifesto" disavowed by, 5; demoralized, 246n; papers missing from files, 247; adoption of regulation re diplomatic officers, 265 f.; under Blaine and under Hull, 269; reply to Belmont resolution re our participation in C o n g o conference, 312; position of Chief Clerk, 338n; credit due to, in settlement of fisheries question, 374; Secretary not required to report to Congress, 587 — S u p r e m e Court, 85, 86 -Treasury: purchasing and coining of silver dollars, 413; Secretary, 498, 583; law organizing, 597 - W a r Department: belief that Secretary of, should be retired Army officer, 586 f. United States Hotel Stakes, 628

Index United States Naval Academy, O. H. Perry's sword presented to, 27 Upshur, Rear Admiral, 12 Ute country, 1 4 1 Utica Observer, extract, 45711 Utility holding company, conclusion that Federal Government can regulate, 204 Valkyrie II (yacht), 663 Van Brunt, Charles H., 296 Van Buren, M., 655, 656, 657 Van Buren, T., 655, 656, 657 Vanderbilt, Harold, 663 Vare case, 496 Vases, 43 Vega de Armijo, Marquis de la, 387, 389 Venezuelan boundary dispute, 36m Venice, 63 Vera Cruz, bombardment of, 524 Vermilye, W . H., 7n Versailles, commemoration of meeting of Estates General (1789), 391 Versailles, Treaty of ( 1 8 7 1 ) , 543; ( 1 9 1 9 ) , and Military Convention made one document, 335; Military Convention, 562, 569 Vest, Senator, 279 Vesuvius, 62 Vetsera, Baroness, 383 Viana, Marquis of, 403 Victor Emmanuel I, King, 382 Victor Emmanuel II, King, quoted, 536 Victoria, Queen, 1 1 3 , 123 Vidmer, George, 639 Vienna, 64; Sport Exhibition, 658 Vigilant (yacht), 663 Villar, Diaz Del, 387 Villavieja, Marquis de, 398 Villiers, Charles, 146 Villiers, chateau of, 643 Vinton, Alexander, 26, 205 Vinton, Belmont, and Frelinghuysen, law partnership formed, 205 Vinton, Dudley, 26, 205 Vinton, Francis, 14, 27 Vinton, Frederick Perry, 26, 27 Viola (mare), 624 Violette, Captaine, 643; quoted, 644

Virginia, quarrel with South Carolina, 397

Virginia Volunteers, Third, 397 Viviani, quoted, 559 Volkische Beobachter, extract, 404 Voluntary service, 549 Von Hoffman, Pauline, i54n Voorhees, Senator, 590, favored free coinage of gold and silver by international agreement, 418 Vosburgh, F., Steeplechasing in America, 629 Voter (horse), 62gn Votes, electoral: method of counting, 185, 186; bill providing for counting of, 186; method of counting, need for action by House, 193 Wade, Senator, 107 Wadsworth, W . A., 651, 652 Wagstaff, 655 Wage-earners, law to prevent, from demanding payment in gold, 438, 452; what free silver meant to, 447 Wages, and lower tariffs, 280, 281; English: under Free Trade, 282 Wainwright, Rev., Dr., 3 Wales, Prince of, 146; visit to U. S., 576; investiture by, 577 Walker Revenue or Lower Tariff, 282 Wallach, R. R „ 639 Wall Street, 430 Walsh, Senator, 616 Wapiti Hunt, 166 War debts, 81 Ward, Captain, 157, 158 Ward, James E., & Co., 388 Ward, John Q. A., 14, 608, 610 Ward, Sam, 252; quoted, i8on Ware, F. M., 659 Warfare, open, preferable to secret, 544» 554

War Industries Board, 503 Waring (horse), 62qn Wamer, A. W . , 421 Warner, John De Witt, 452 Washington, George, refused third term, 512; resistance to enemies of democratic principle, 619 Washington, D. C., suggested as place for celebration of discovery of Amer-

Index Washington, D . C . — ( C o n t i n u e d ) ica, 605 ff.; Fine Arts Commission, 610, 6 1 1 Washington's Birthday ball, 38, 49 Washington Square, arch, 609 W a t c h f u l W a i t i n g policy, 526 ff. Watchman (Greenport), 2 1 5 W a t e r color, custom to give, with purchase from easel, 6 1 1 W a t s o n , John, 65011 Watterson, Henry, 499, 500; quoted, 5^7 , W a y s and Means, C o m m i t t e e on, 617 W e a t h e r b y and Sons, quoted, 644 Webster, Charles Kingsley, T h e Foreign Policy of Castlereagh, 542 Webster, Sidney, 5, 197, 199 Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 318 W e e d , T h u r l o w , 771); quoted, 191 W e e d , Thurlow, The Life of (Barnes), extract, 1 1 4 , 2 i o n W e i r , J. Alden, 612 Welles, Sumner, 270; quoted, 2 7 1 , 355 W e s t , Sir Lionel, 366 Westchester Racing Association, 640 Western Union, Pensacola Tele graph Company, vs. The, 203 Western Union Telegraph C o m p a n y , 660 Westervelt, J. A., 711 W e s t Virginia, saved to Union, 106 W h i t e , Justice, 520 W h i t e , Stanford, 608, 609 W h i t e Eagle, 164 W h i t e House Conferences, press concentrated attention upon, 250n W h i t i n g , E . N . , 639 W h i t n e y , Harry Payne, 631 W h i t n e y , Stephen, yn W h i t n e y , T h o m a s J., quoted, 45811 W h i t n e y , W i l l i a m C . , 192, 620, 628, 6 2 9 ^ policy of moderation, 422, 423; sweepstakes, 630 W h y t e , W i l l i a m Pinkney, 291 W i d e n e r , Joseph, 626 Wiesbaden, waters, 53 Wigglesworth, Edward, ì o g n W i l d Dayrell (horse), 624 "Wilderness, T h e , " 1 7 3 0 . W i l l i a m , Emperor, Perry Belmont presented to, 152; quoted, 532; belief that war would arouse German en-

thusiasm, 533; did not believe U . S. would enter W o r l d W a r , 563 William, King of Holland, balls given by, 35, 36, 38; royal procession, 47; quoted, 532 Williams, C . G . , 250 Williams, John Sharp, 484, 488 Williams, Hwfa, 633 Williams, O w e n , 633 Williams, Roger, quoted, 175 Williams, Senator, 519 Wilmerding, W . E., ~n W i l s o n , Benjamin, 240 W i l s o n , Henry, 524 W i l s o n , Hugh, 354, 355 W i l s o n , W o o d r o w , 128; quoted, 205, 512, 513, 517, 568; Military Convention signed by, 335; candidate for President, 499 ff.; sacrificed decisive effect of victory, 502; nomination, 508; a Federalist, 512; ignorance of party leaders in regard to his opinions, 514; Mexican policy, 524 ff.; W a t c h f u l W a i t i n g policy, 526 ff.; awarded Nobel Peace Prize, 528; Fourteen Points, 543; work for League of Nations, 560; inclined to reject suggestions having approval of military authorities, 568; urged not to leave country, 569; Military Convention of Treaty of Versailles signed by, 570; Convention withheld from Senate, 570; moral effect of victory lost through, 576; veto of G o o d bill, 583; high regard for Hamilton, 621 W i n n i p e g , 161 W i n n i p e g River, 173 W i n s l o w , R. H., jn W i n t h r o p , B. R., 7n W i n t h r o p , Neilson, 148, 153, 154 Withers, D . D . , 627, Ô2gn Withers, Reuben, 7n Withers, Mrs. Reuben and Cora, 49 W o l c o t t , Senator, 418, 4 1 9 Wolf, N. H „ 7 n W o o d , Leonard, 637, 638, 639 W o o d , W i l l i a m , yn W o o d b i n e (mare), 624 W o o d b u r y , Charles Levi, 362 Workers, see W a g e earners

Index Workingmen, power of organization and association among, 282 World (New York), 252, 632; article by Perry Belmont, 184; extract, 267, 409, 630, 632; known as the "Democratic Organ," 464 World War, 529-57; conflict of governmental systems, 529, 535, 541; U. S. participation in, the test of democracy, 535; union of Allied Forces and adoption of emblem suggested, 564 ff. World's Columbian Exposition, 605 ff.; Art Committee, 608 Wormser, 209 Worth, G. A., 711 Wright, Isaac, 1 2 1

Wright, Leander, quoted, 460 Yachting, 661-63 Yancey, William, 92, 93, 105 Yaqui (mare), 627, 629 Yosemite Valley, 140 Young, Congressman, 657 Young, Major, 397 Young, Minister to China, 592 Young, Brigham, 140 Young, Samuel B. M., 638 Young America Zouaves, 75 "Young Commodore, The," 33n Yuan Shih-kai, 654 Yznaga, Consuelo, 123 Zobrowski, Elliott, 653