A New Boundary Stone of Nebuchadrezzr I: From Nippur [Reprint 2016 ed.] 9781512816914

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THE BABYLONIAN EXPEDITION ok

T H E UNIVERSITY OF P E N N S Y L V A N I A

SERIES D: RESEARCHES AND T R E A T I S E S EDITED

BY

H . V. H I L Ρ R I] CII Τ

V O L U M E

IV

HV

WM.

" Ecklev

brinton

J.

H I N K E

coxe, junior

FUND"

PHI L A D E L P H I A Published by the ITnivernlty of Penueylvania

1907

ΤΗΚ Editor determines the material to constitute a volume and reports to the Committee of Publication on the general merits of the manuscript and autograph plates submitted for publication ; but the Editor is not responsible for the views expressed by the writer.

NEW

BOUNDARY

STONE

OF

Q^lmrffaömzar FROM

I.

NIPPUK

e t l ^ a (Canroriiatur of f taper Siamee aiti) a (SloBBarg of tiff Kuüurru Jnarriptinna tl)uii far puhliabfö

BY

WM. J. H I N K E , PH.D., D.D. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

IN T H E O L D T E S T A M E N T THEOLOUICAI.

With

16 Halftone

DEPARTMENT

IN

ALBURN

SEMINARY

Illustrations

and 35

Drawings

P H IL A D E L P H I A Published b j the University of Pennsylvania

1907

ΜΛ(·ΓΛΙ.Ι.Λ A CO. IN«'.,

Philadelphia

Printers. WEEKS

PHOTO-ENURAVIM:

CO.,

Halftones.

Philadelphia,

P R E F A C E .

part of this book which relates directly to the boundary stone of Nebuchadrezzar I. from Nippur was originally presented to the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Pennsylvania, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D. The author has since continued his studies of the Babylonian boundary stones, and now offers Chapter One as a general introduction into this interesting field of Babylonian studies. The questions which the Babylonian boundary stones open up are so numerous and varied that their contents are not only of interest to the specialist, but their legal enactments offer material to the student of ancient law, their religious features are of interest to the student of ancient religion, while their symbols claim the attention of the student of ancient astronomy. When we realize that these symbols are the oldest astronomical charts which are in existence, they are seen to possess an unusual importance. The attempt seemed, therefore, warranted to secure, if possible, a complete collection of all the symbols and to present them in the form of an astronomical atlas. This original plan, however, had to be given up, because the Museums of Berlin and London declined to permit the publication of the material in their possession, inasmuch as it had been "reserved for publication by the Museum." As a result the author was compelled to restrict himself to a collection of all the material that had been published thus far. In the case of the boundary stones discovered by the French at Susa, and now preserved in the Louvre at Paris, photographs of several originals were secured through the kind assistance of Dr. Léon Heuzey, Director of the Louvre, for whose valuable help the author wishes to express publicly his gratitude. Through these photographs it was possible to give not THAT

V

vi

PREFA CE.

only an improved drawing of the important stone, Susa No. 1 (fig. 24), and to offer accurate drawings of Susa Nos. 16 and 20 (see figs. 10 and 30), but also to substitute several halftone pictures in place of the drawings given in the Délégation en Perse (see figs. 2, 17, 18). The publication of the symbols on the boundary stone of Merodachbaladan II., now at Berlin, was made possible through the kindness of Prof. Clay, who placed at my disposal a set of photographs which he had secured from Berlin. The symbols on I I I R. 41 and 43 (setI l i R. 45, Nos. 1 and 2) were redrawn from casts of these stones in the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, by which a more accurate representation of these important monuments was secured. The excellent drawings, prepared under the direction of the author, were made by Mr. P. F. Goist, an artist of Philadelphia, who spared no pains in making them as accurate as possible. The new boundary stone of Nebuchadrezzar I., whose "important inscription" was announced in 1901 by Prof. Hommcl. will doubtless fulfill all expectations, as there are few7 Kudurru inscriptions which surpass it in interest. Inasmuch as the boundarystone of Marduk-ahê-erba had never received an adequate treatment and its inscription had not been translated in full, it was thought fitting to add it as an Appendix, with some brief notes on its linguistic features. The Concordance will be found to contain the proper names which occur in all the Kudurru inscriptions published thus far. In order to make it as complete as possible two lists of symbols were added. Although the symbols are given at length in Hommel's Aufsätze, yet inasmuch as his list does not include the latest finds since made at Susa, and as it seemed desirable to have one place in which all this information could be found conveniently grouped together, the author concluded to repeat the list, with such additions as were necessary, and to add another alphabetical list, which brings out more prominently the number and variety of the symbols represented.

v¡¡

PR Κ FACE.

Tlic Glossary, while not aiming at absolute completeness, was prepared to include all the words used in the inscriptions and most of the passages in which the words occur, with the exception of some of the most common words, for which it seemed unnecessary to quote any passages. In conclusion, the pleasant duty remains to express my gratitude to my teachers and friends who have aided me in my study.

Prof.

Hilprecht not only permitted me most kindly to publish the important inscription of Nebuchadrezzar I., but he has also given me during the whole course of my study his generous assistance and encouragement.

He has still further increased my obligation

bv reading the proof-sheets as they passed through the press, to which he added many valuable suggestions, the most important of which are duly acknowledged in their respective places.

With

Prof. Clay I spent many delightful hours, discussing with him the problems connected with these inscriptions. stimulating suggestions.

I owe much to his

Prof. Jastrow has given me the benefit

of his thorough knowledge of the literature involved and has supplied me with a number of references for the list of the gods. Through the kinil mediation of my friend, Dr. Ranke, of the Egyptological Department of the Royal Museums at Berlin, Dr. Ungnad kindly undertook the

task of

collating a number of

passages for me on the stones in the Berlin Museum.

His readings

have been credited in the Concordance as well as in the Glossary. Finally, I wish to thank the Publication Committee of the University for generously undertaking the publication of my book, and especially the liberal founder of this Fund, Mr. Eckley Coxe, J r .

Brinton

To all these friends I owe much, and I can only hope

t h a t the result of my studies may be worthy of their interest. AVILLIAM J. H I N K E . PHILADELPHIA,

November 13,

1907.

CONTENTS. L'AGE L I S T O F ILLUSTRATION'S

Χ

BIBLIOGRAPHY

xiv

L I S T OF A B B R E V I A T I O N S I.

BABYLONIAN

BOUNDARY

χ χ vi STONES:

1. Discovery and decipherment 2. Older similar monuments a. National boundary stone of Entemena b. Doorsockets

1 3-5 3 4

3. Origin of Babylonian boundary stones

0

4. Documents for public and private use 5. Religious features of the boundary stones 6. Legal transactions in the Kudurru inscriptions I. Royal grants a. Grants to faithful officials

10-31 10

ft. Grants to fugitives r. Grants to temples d. Grants involving restorations

20 21 22

e. Grants involving lawsuits

24

/. Royal charters

27

II. Transfers of private property а. Dowries

32-30 32

б. Purchases of land

32

7. Contents of the Kudurru inscriptions a. Names of the boundary stones b. Orientation of r. Officials of the Kudurru inscriptions d. c. /. g.

S 14 10-30

37-70 37 fields

Injunctions against acts of violence Names and titles of deities Curses of the Kudurru inscriptions Presence of witnesses

S. Pictorial representations of kings who made grants vii:

39 41 40 51 59 70 71

COX TEXTS.

ix PAGE

9. Symbols of the boundary stones

II.

71-115

a. Testimony of the inscriptions as to tin· symbols

73

b. Threefold form of symbols

74

r. Tlie shrines

75

ii. The weapons of the nods

78

e. The symbols as representations of the gods

87

/. The astral nature of the symbols

96

g. The zodiac of Dendera

101

h. The symbols as signs of the zodiac

104

i. The Dodekaoros

106

j. The East Asiatic circle

109

k. The relation of these circles to the symbols

112

I. Conclusions

114

A N e w B o u n d a r y Stunf. of X k i u o h a d r e z z a r

1. f r o m Ν ι ι ί ί κ , c . 1 1 4 0 B . C . :

1. Introduction

III.

IV.

116-141

a. Inscription and syml>oU

116

I). Identity of PA.SI IE and Isin

126

c. The succession of the Isin kings

130

d. Place of Nebuchadrezzar I. in the second dynasty of Isin

134

2. Transliteration and Translation

142

3. Commentary

156

B o u n d a r y S t o n e o f Mahdi/k-ahe-khha :

1. Introduction

188

2. Transliteration and Translation

190

3. Commentary

196

Concordance:

1. Names of Persons

200

2. Names of Places

'215

3. Names of Rivers and Canals

219

4. Names of Deities

220

5. List of Symbols

231-245

ιj. Arranged chronologically

231

b. Arranged alphabetically V.

Glossary

240 . ...

246

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. PAliK

1. Doorsocket of Ur-Ninâ

4

(From Heuzey, Revue d'Assyriologie,

Vol. IV, p. 97.)

2. Fragmentary boundary stone of the Cassite period

0

(From a photograph of the original in the Louvre, Paris.) 3. Stone tablet of Ellil-nâdin-aplu

1-

(From a photograph of the original in the Museum of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania.) 4. Symbols on a Cassite boundary stone, Susa, No. 18 (From Delegation

14

en Perse, Vol. VIT, p. 145, fig. 456.)

ö. Symbols on a fragmentary boundary (?) stone of Meli-Shipak. (From Délégation

l.>

en Perse, Vol. I V , pi. 16.)

6. Symbols on a boundary stone of Marduk-apal-iddina 1

17

(From I V R. 43.) 1

7. Boundary stone of Marduk-nâdin-ahè

l!>

(From a photograph of a cast in the Museum of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania.) 8. Symbols on the boundary stone of Marduk-apal-iddina I I

20

(Drawn from photographs of the original at Berlin.) 9. Stone tablet of Xabû-apal-iddina (From Babylonian

'23

and Oriental Record, Vol. I , p. 65.)

10. Symbols on a boundary stone of Marduk-apal-iddina I., Susa, No. 16 (Drawn from Délégation

m-Perse,

2~>

Vol. V I , pis. 9, 10.)

11. Boundary stone of King Meli-Shipak, Susa, No. 3

2S

(From Délégation en Perse, Vol. I I , pi. 24.) 12. Symbols on the boundary stone of Marduk-nâdin-ahê, I I I lt. 45, No. 2. ..

30

(Drawn from a cast in the Museum of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania.) 13. Symbols on the Caillou de Michaux, I R . 70 (From Lichtenstcin,

Τ enlamen

Palœograpkiœ

33 Assyrio-Persicœ,

pis.

V-VI.) 14. Symbols on London, Xo. 106 ( I I I R . 45, Xo. 1) (Drawn from a cast in the Museum of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania.)

χ

34

LIST

OF

ILLUSTRA

TIOS

χι

S.

PAGE

15. Symbols on the Ixnindary stono oí Sargon

35

(Drawn from plates in Peiser, Keilinschrijtliche

A cten-Stücke. pis. 1, I I . )

US I'ninscribed boundary stone of Capite period, Susa. Xo. 20

38

(From Délégation en Perne, Vol. V I I . pis. 27, 28.) 17. A priest standing before the symbol of Marduk. on a fragmentary boundary stone, Susa, Xo. .rxi

40

(From a photograph of the original in the Louvre. Paris.) IS. The god Rammân and other symbols, on a fragmentary boundary stone, Susa. Xo. lib

41

(From a photograph of the original in the Louvre.) 19. boundary stone found at 'Amnin (From Mitteilungen

45

(1er Deutschen Orient (iesellschajt, Xo. 7, p. 25.)

20. Boundary stone of Marduk-apal-iddina I I . , Berlin, λ". Α., 2603

72

(From a photograph of the original at Berlin.) 21. Fragments of boundary stones found at Susa, Xos. 7-9

73

(From Délégation en Perse, Vol. I, p. 178.) 22. Babylonian temples as they appear on the boundary stones

74

(Partly from Bezold, Xinece unii Babylon, p. 102.) 23. Symbols on a boundary stone discovered at Susa, Xo. 1

76

(From Delegation en Perse, Vol. I, pp. 174, 17.5.) 24. Symljols on a boundary stone found at Susa, with the names of the gods, Susa, Xo. 1

8l>

(Drawn from photographs of the original in the Louvre.) 25. Rock relief of Sennacherib at Bavian

s.8

(From Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, p. 21, fig. i Pennsylvania.) 48. S y m b o l of Xinljarsag and s y m b o l of H a t h o r (From

the

Caillou

Egyptological

de

122

Michaux, fig. 7, and l r o m \Y. M a x

Resrarche»,

Muller,

p. 14.)

49. Boundary stone of Nebuchadrezzar I . f r o m A b u l l a b b a , V K . 57 ( F r o m Bezold, Sine ve und Babylon,

131

p. 45.)

50. Figure of a king, f r o m the stone of ' A m r â n ( F r o m M ¡Heilungen

der Deutschen

13&

Orient Gencllschujt,

51. Figure of a king, p r o b a b l y Nebuchadrezzar I . , on I I I

N o . 7, p. 2ti.ï

H.41

. 137

( F r o m a photograph of a cast in the Museum of A r c h a e o l o g y , University of P e n n s y l v a n i a . )

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE BABYLONIAN KUDURRU INSCRIPTIONS. I.

TEXT

EDITIONS.

H. C. RAWLINSON", "Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia," Vol. I, 1861, pis. 6 6 , 7 0 ; V o l . I l l , 1 8 7 0 , pis. 4 1 - 4 3 ; V o l . I V , 1 8 7 5 , pi. 41 ; 2 d e d . , p l . 3 8 ; V o l . V , 1 8 8 4 , pis. 5 5 , 5 6 .

H. V. HILPRECHT, Freibrief

-Yebukadnezar'.·>· /., Leipzig, 1883.

TH. G. PINCHES, "On an Edict of Nebuchadnezzar I . " (in "Proceedings of the Soc. for Bibl. Arch.," Vol. VI, 1884, pp. 151-170). S. A. SMITH, ".Assyrian Letters from the Royal Library at Nineveh," Leipzig, 1888, Pt. IV, pis. V I I I - I X . F. E. PEISER, Keilschriftliche

Arten-Stücke aus babylonischen Stadien, Berlin, 1889,

pis. I—II, photos 1-5. C. W. BELSER, Babylonische

Kudurru

Inschriften

(in Beiträge

zur

Assyriologie,

Vol. II, 1891, pp. 165-203). Η. V. HILPRECHT, "Old Babylonian Inscriptions," Vol. I, Pt. 1, 1893, Nos. 8 0 , 8 3 ; Pt. 2, 1896, Nos. 149, 150. L. W. KINO, "Cuneiform Texts of the British Museum," Vol. I X , 1900, pis. I V - V ; Vol. X, 1900, pis. I I I ; I V - V I I . V . SCHEIL, Délégation

93,97,113,116.

en Perse,

Memoirs, Vol. I I , 1900, pis. 1 6 - 1 9 ; 2 0 ; 2 1 - 2 4 ; pp.

Vol. IV, 1902, pi. 16.

F . DELITZSCH, Vorderasiatische

Vol. VI, 1905, pis. 9 , 1 0 ; 11a.

Schriftdenkmäler

der Königlichen

Museen

zu

Berlin, Heft I, Leipzig, 1907, Nos. 35, 36, 37, 57, 58, 70, autographed by Dr. Ungnad. I I . TRANSLITERATIONS, TRANSLATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS. J . OPFERT, Premiers

déchiffrements

de la langue cunéiforme

(in Annales de Phil-

osophie Chrétienne, Vol. 53, 4th S., 1856, X I V , contains a translation of the Caillou de Michaux).

Les Mesures de longueur chez les Chaldéens (in Bulletin

Archéologique de l'Athénœum français,

1856, pp. 53ff.).

F. TALBOT, " T h e Inscription of Michaux" (in "Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society," Vol. X V I I I , 1861, pp. 53-75). G. SMITH, "Assyrian Discoveries," 1875, pp. 237-241. xiv

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF KVDVRRU

XV

IXSCRIPTIOXS.

J . ( »PPERT and J . MENANT. Documents juridiques de l'Assyrie el de la Chaldée, 1877 pp. i i 7 T i a s . J . OPPERT, · Records of the Past." Vol. IX, 1877, pp. 31-36, 91-107. II. V. HILPRECHT, Freibrief Xebukadnezar's

/., Leipzig, 1X83.

TH. G. PINCHES, " O n an Edict of Nebuchadnezzar I . " (in the " Proceedings of the Soc. of Bibl. Arch., Vol. VI. 1881, pp. 144-170). I·". HOMMEL, Geschichte Babyloniens

und Assyriens,

1885, pp. 443-468.

\V. ST. BOSCAWEN', " A Babylonian Land G r a n t " (in the " Babylonian and Orientai Record," Vol. I, 1888, pp. 66-68). Β. MEISSNER, Ein Freibrief X'ebukadnezar' s II. (in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie, Vol. IV, 1889, pp. 2.59-267; cf. also p. 403f.). F. E. PEISER, Keilschriftliche

Aden-Stücke,

1889, pp. 2-17.

A. BOISSIER, Recherches sur quelques contracts babyloniens, Paris, 1890, pp. 21-36. (.'. \Y. BELSER, Babylonische

Kudurru

Inschriften

(in Beitrüge zur

Assyriologie,

Stein (in Beiträge zur

Assyriologie,

Vol. II, 1891, pp. 111-156). F. DELITZSCH, Der Berliner Merodnch-baladan Vol. I I , 1891, pp. 258-273). P. JENSEN, Gulkischar,

König von Babylon, etc. (in Zeitschrift

für

Assyriologie,

J . OPPERT, La Fondation consacrile à la diesse Xina (in Zeitschrift für

Assyriologie,

Vol. V I I I , 1893, pp. 220-224). Vol. V I I I , 1893, pp. 360-374). H. V. HiLPitECHT, Assyriaca,

1894, pp. 1-58.

λ". ScHEiL, Λ'otes d'epigraphie

et d'archéologie Assyriennes

(in Recueil de

Travaux,

Vol. X V I , 1894, p. 32f.). II. WINCKI.ER, Altorientalische

Forschungen, I Serie, 1897, pp. 497-503.

V. SCHEU., Délégation en Perse, Memoire, Vol. II, 1900, pp. 86-116. 1». F. HARPER. Assyrian

and Babylonian

Literature, New York, 191)1, pp. 8-11,

04-68.

(J. II. W . JOHNS, "Babylonian and Assyrian Laws, Contracts and Letters," New Y o r k , 1904, p p . 1 9 1 - 2 0 5 .

V. SCHEIL, Délégation en Perse, Memoirs, Vol. IV, 1902, pp. 163-164; Vol. V I , 1905, pp. 31-47. E. CUQ, La propriété foncière en Chaldée d'après les ¡tierres-limites (extrait de la Xouvelle Revue historique de Droit français et étranger, de November-December, 1906, pp. 701-738). OTTO WEHER, Die Literatur der Babijlonier und Assyrer, Leipzig. 1907, pp. 245247.

I I I . DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION O F T H E SYMBOLS. TH. G. PINCHES, " T h e Guide to the Nimroud Central Saloon," 1886, PP.40-60. M. J . DE MORCAN-, Délégation en Perse, Memoirs, Vol. I, 1900, pp. 165-182.

xvi

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF KUDURRU

IXSCRIPTIOXS.

F. HOMMEL, Ursprung des Tierkreises (in Aufsätze und Abhandlungen, 1900, pp. 236-268).

Astronomie der alten Chaldtier, I.e., 1901, pp. 434-474.

F. BALL, Sphœra, Leipzig, 1903, pp. 198-208. R. REDLICH, l'ont Drachen zu Babel (in Globus, Vol. L X X X I V , 1903, pp. 364-371, 384-389). 0 . GILBEKT, Babylons Geslirndien.il (in Globus, Vol. L X X X V I , 1904, pp. 225-231). M. J. DE MORGAN-, Delegation en Perse, Memoire, Vol. V I I , 1905, pp. 137-153. Κ . FRANK, Bilder und Symbole der babylonisch-assyrischen Götter (in Leipziger Semitistische Studien, Vol. II, 2, Leipzig, 1906). H. ZIMMERN, Die GöUersymbole des Xazimaruttash-Kudurru (in Leipziger Semitische Studien, Vol. I I , 2, 1906, pp. 33-44). F. DELITZSCH, Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler der Königlichen

Museen zu

Berlin, Heft I, Beiheft, Leipzig, 1907, pis. I - V . I V . CHRONOLOGICAL

LIST OF T H E

BABYLONIAN

KUDURRU

I N S C R I P T I O N S W I T H B I B L I O G R A P H I C A L NOTES. 1. Kudurru of Nazi-Maruttash. Provenance: Susa, found 1898. Present location : Louvre, Paris. Text: Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. I I , pis. 16-19. Translation: Scheil, I.e., pp. 86-92. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, Delegation en Perse, Vol. I., pis. 14-15, Koudourroii, No. 2; see also figs. 27, 28 of this book; described by De Morgan, I.e., pp. 170-172; Hommel, Aufsätze, pp. 438-440, No. 20; our LIST OF SYMBOLS, p. 231 ; discussed also by Zimmern, in Leipziger Semitistische Studien, Vol. I I , 2, pp. 33—44. Quoted as Susa, No. 2. I I . Kudurru of Bitiliâshu. Provenance: Susa, found 1898. Present location : Louvre, Paris. Text: Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. I I , p. 93f. Translation: ibidem, 36 lines, fragmentary. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, Délégation en Perse, Vol. I, p. 179, fig. 386, Koudowrrou, No. 9; see also fig. 21 of this book; described by Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 445; our LIST OF SYMBOLS, p. 231. Quoted as D. E. P., I I , 93, 94. III. Stone tablet of Agabtaha. Provenance: Susa. Present location : Louvre, Paris. Text: Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. II, pi. 20.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF

KUDURRU

INSCRIPTIONS.

χ vi i

Translation: Scheil, I.e., p. 95. Symbols: None. Quoted as D. E . P., I I , pi. 20. I V . Kudurru of Iîammân-shum-usur. Provenance: S us a. Present location : Louvre, Paris. T e x t : Sclu-il, Délégation

en Perse, Vol. I I , p. 97.

Translation: Scheil, ibidem,

19 lines, fragmentary.

Symbols: None preserved. Quoted as D. E . P., I I , 97. V. First Kudurru of Meli-Sliipak. Provenance: (?). Present location: British Museum, Xo. 103 (90,827). T e x t : Belser, in Β . Α., Vol. I I , pp. 187-203. Translation: Peiser, Κ . B . , Vol. I l l , 1, pp. 154-163. Symbols: Unpublished, described by Pinches, "Guide to the Nimroud Central Saloon," 1880, p. 54f.; Ilommel, Aufsätze,

pp. 244-240, No. 1;

o u r L I S T OF SYMBOLS, p . 2 3 1 f.

Quoted as London, 103. V I . Second Kudurru of Meli-Sliipak. Provenance: (?). Present location: British Museum, Xo. 101 (90,829). T e x t : Belser, in Β . Α., Vol. I I , pp. 165-109. Translation: Peiser, in Κ . B., Vol. I V , pp. 56-61. Symbols: Unpublished, described by Pinches, " G u i d e , " pp. 5 0 - 5 2 ; Homm e l , Aufsätze,

p p . 2 4 6 - 2 4 8 , X o . 2 ; o u r L I S T OF SYMBOLS, p . 2 3 2 .

Quoted as London, 101. V I I . Tliird Kudurru of Meli-Sliipak. Provenance: Susa, found 1899. Present location : Louvre, Paris. T e x t : Scheil, Délégation

en Perse, Vol. I I , pis. 2 1 - 2 4 .

Translation: Scheil, I.e., pp. 99-111. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, Délégation Koudourrou,

en Perse,

No. 3 ; described by Hommel, Aufsätze,

Vol. I , pi. 1 6 ; p. 440f., No. 2 1 ;

o u r L I S T OF SYMBOLS, p . 2 3 2 f .

Quoted as Susa, Xo. 3. V I I I . Fourth Kudurru of Meli-Shipak. Provenance: Susa. Present location : Louvre, Paris. T e x t : Transliterated by Scheil, Délégation

en Perse, Vol. I I . , p. 112.

Xvili

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF KUDURRU

INSCRIPTIONS.

Translation: Scheil, ibidem, 10 lines, fragmentary. Symbols: Broken off. Quoted as D. E . P., II, 112. I X . First Kudurru of Marduk-apal-iddina I. Provenance: Opposite Bagdad, found by George Smith and presented to the British Museum by the "Daily Telegraph" in 1873. Present location: British Museum, No. 99. Text: IV R. 1 41; IV R.» 38. Translations : George Smith, "Assyrian Discoveries," 1875, pp. 237ff.; Oppert and Menant, Documents juridiques, 1877, pp. 129-138; Rodwell, "Records of the Past," Vol. I X , pp. 31fT.; Peiser, K. B., Vol. IV, pp. 60-63. Symbols: Published IV R. 1 43; see also fig. 6 of this book; described by Pinches, "Guide," p. 46; Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 248f., No. 3; our L I S T OF SYMBOLS, p . 2 3 3 .

Quoted as IV R.' 38. X . Second Kudurru of Marduk-apal-iddina I. Provenance: Susa. Present location : Louvre, Paris. Text: Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. VI, pis. 9, 10. Translation: Scheil, I.e., pp. 32-39. Symbols: Published by Scheil, I.e., pis. 9, 10; see also fig. 10 of this book ; described in our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 233. Quoted as Susa, No. 16. X I . Third Kudurru of Marduk-apal-iddina I. Provenance: Susa. Present location: Louvre, Paris. Text: Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. VI, pi. 11. Translation: Scheil, I.e., pp. 39-41 ; fragmentary. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, Délégation en Perse, Vol. V I I , p. 140; see also fig. 4 0 of this book; described in our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 2 3 4 . Quoted as Susa, No. 14. X I I . Fourth Kudurru of Marduk-apal-iddina I. Provenance: Susa. Present location: Louvre, Paris. Text: Unpublished, transliterated by Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. VI, pp. 42-43. Translation: Scheil, ibidem, 71 lines; fragmentary. Symbols: None preserved, cf. De Morgan, Délégation en Perse, Vol. VII, p. 145; Koudourrou, No. X V I I . Quoted as D. E. P., VI, 42, 43.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF KUDURRU

INSCRIPTIONS.

xix

X I I I . Cassite Dynasty, first fragment. Provenance: Susa. Present location: Louvre, Paris. T e x t : Sclieil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. II. p. 113f. Translation: Sclieil, ibidem, 23 lines; fragmentary. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, Délégation en Perse, Vol. I, pp. 174-175, figs. 3S0-381; Koudourrou, Xo. 4; see also fig. 23, p. 76, of this book; described by Hommel, -1 ujsatze, p. 443f., No. 2 2 ; our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 234. Quoted as D. E. P., II, 113. X I V . Cassite Dynasty, second fragment. Provenance: Susa. Present location : Louvre, Paris. T e x t : Unpublished, transliterated by Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. I I , p. 115. Translation: Scheil, ibidem, 7 lines, quoted as D. E. 1'., II, 115. XV. Cassite Dynasty, third fragment. Provenance: Susa. Present location: Louvre, Paris. Text: Sclieil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. II, p. lili. Translation : Scheil, ibidem, 6 lines. Quoted as I). E. P., II, 116. XVI. Cassite Dynasty, fourth fragment. Provenance: Susa. Present location : Louvre, Paris. Text: Transliterated bv Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. VI, pp. 44-45. Translation: Scheil, ibidem, 58 lines. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, Délégation en Perse, Vol. VII, p. 145, fig. 456; Koudourrou, Xo. IS; see also fig. 4, p. 14, of this book) described in our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 23óf. Quoted as D. E. P., VI, 44, 45. XVII. Cassite Dynasty, fifth fragment. Provenance: Susa. Present location: Louvre, Paris. Text: Transliterated and translated by Scheil, Délégation en Perse, Vol. VI, p. 46. Quoted as D. E. P., VI, 46. X V I I I . Cassite Dynasty, sixth fragment. Provenance: Susa.

XX

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF KUDURRU

INSCRIPTIOXS.

Present location: Louvre, Paris. T e x t : Transliterated and translated by Scheil, Dtligation en Perse, Vol. VI, p. 47. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, Dih'galion en Perse, Vol. VII, p. 146, fig. 457; Koudourrou, No. 19; see also fig. 39, p. 104, of this book; described in our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 236. Quoted as D. E. P., VI, 42. X I X . First Charter of Nebuchadrezzar I. Provenance: Abu Habba, found by Rassam in 1882. Present location: British Museum, No. 100 (90,858). Text : Hilprecht, Freibrief Xebukadnezar' s / . ; V R. 55, 56. Translations: Hilprecht, Freibrie¡ X'x, Leipzig, 18S3; Pinches, P. S. Β. Α., Vol. VI, pp. 144-170; Peiser, K. B.,Vol. I l l , 1, pp. 164-171 ; C. D. Gray, in R. F. Harper's "Assyrian and Babylonian Literature," New York, 1901, pp. 8-11. Symbols: Published V R. 57; "Guide to the Babylonian and Assyrian Antiquities," London, 1900, pl. VI, etc.; see also fig. 49, p. 131, of this book; described by Hommel, Anfuiilze, p. 249f., No. 4; our L I S T O P SYMBOLS, p .

236.

Quoted as V R. 55, 56. X X . Second Charter of Nebuchadrezzar I. Provenance: (?) Present location: British Museum, No. 92, 987 (S2-7-4, 34). T e x t : Published by S. A. Smith, "Assyrian Letters," 1888, P t . IV, pis. V I I I - I X ; C. T., I X , pis. IV, V. Translations: B. Meissner, Ζ. Α., IV, 259-269 (cf. Winckler, Ζ. Α., IV, 403); Peiser, Κ. Β., Vol. I I I , 1, pp. 172-173. Quoted as C. T., I X , pis. IV-V. X X I . Kudurru of Nebuchadrezzar I. Provenance: Nippur, found by the Babylonian Expedition of University of Pennsylvania, 1896. Present location: In possession of Mrs. Hilprecht. T e x t : Transliterated, pp. 142-155 of this book. Translation: ibidem. Symbols: Published fig. 47, p. 120, of this book; described pp. 121f. ; 236f. Quoted as Neb. Nippur. X X I I . Stone Tablet of Ellil-nâdin-aplu. Provenance: Presumably neighborhood of Babylon. Present location : Museum of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania. T e x t : Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I, P t . 1, pis. 30, 31 ; No. 83.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF

KL'DL'RRV

xxi

J S SCRIPTIONS.

Translations: Oppert, Ζ. Α., Vol. V I I I , pp. 300-374; Hilprecht, Assyriaca, pp. 1-58; I'eiser, K . 14., Vol. I V , pp. 04-06 (cf. also Jensen, Ζ. Α . , V I I I , 221). Quoted as Ο. Β. I., Xo. S3. XXIII.

Second Isin ( P A . S H E ) Dynasty. Provenance: (?)

Present location: British Museum, Xo. 105 (90.S41). T e x t : I I I H. 41. Translations: Oppert, Documents juridique*,

pp. 117-125; "Records of the

Past," Vol. I X , pp. 103ff.; Belser, lì. Α., Vol. I I , pp. 124-129; I'eiser, K . B . , Vol. I V , pp. 74-79. Symbols: I I I H. 45, Xo. l ; s e e also fig. 11 of this hook; described by l l o m m e l , Aufsätze,

p p . 2 5 0 f f . , N ' o . 5 ; o u r I.IST OF SYMHOI.S, p . 2 3 7 .

Quoted as I I I K. 11. XXIV.

Second Isin ( P A . S H E ) Dynasty. Provenance: Bagdad, found bv C. Michaux, brought to Paris in 1S00. Present

location: Cabinet

«les

Médailles,

Paris, Xo. 702

(Caillou

de

Micliaux). Text : I l{. 70. Translations: Millin, Monuments antiques inédits ou nouvellement expliquas, 1S02, Vol. I, pp. 5S-68; Lichtenstein, Braunsehueigisches 1S02;

Tentameli

Palœographiœ

Assyrio-Pcrsicoe,

Magazin,

Helmstaedt, 1S03,

pp. 117-137 ; Münster, Religion der Babylonicr, Kopenhagen, 1827, pp. 102-134, tab. I I I ; français,

Oppert, Bulletin

Archéologique

1850; Annales de Philosophie

4th, X I V ; Documents juridiques,

de

ì'Athénceum

Chrétienne, Vol. L I I I , 1856,

1877, pp. 85-97; "Records of the

Past," 1878, Vol. I X , pp. 92ff.; Talbot, J. K . A. S., Vol. XV11I, 1801, pp. 53-75; Babelon, Histoire ancienne de l'Orient,

Yol. V, pp. 79-S1;

Boissier, Recherches sur quelques Contracts Babyloniens, Paris, 1890, pp. 21-30; Peiscr, K . B., Vol. I V , pp. 7S-83. Symbols: l'irst published by Millin, I.e., pis. V I I I - I X : repeated by Lichtenstein, Münster and elsewhere; see also fig. 13 of this book; described by Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 252f., Xo. 0, and our LIST OF SYMBOLS, p. 237. Quoted as 1 l i . 70. XXV.

Stone Tablet of Marduk-nâdin-ahê, first year. Provenance: Za'aleh, near Babylon. Present location: British Museum, X o . 90 (90,938). T e x t : I R . 66. Translations: Oppert, Documents juridiques,

pp. Sift.; "Records of

Past," Vol. I X , pp. 91 ; Peiser, K . B., Vol. I V , pp. 00-08.

the

xxii

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF KUDURRU

INSCRIPTIONS.

Symbols: None. Quoted as I R. 66. X X V I . Kudurru of Marduk-nâdin-ahè, tenth year. Provenance: (?) Present location: British Museum, Xo. 106^(90,840). Text: I I I R. 43. Translations: Oppert, Documents juridique*, pp. 98-116; "Records of the Past," Vol. I X , pp. 96ff.; Reiser, R. Α., Vol. II, pp. 116-125; Peiser, Κ. B., Vol. IV, pp. 68-75. Symbols: Published I I I R. 45, Xo. 2;see also fig. 12 of this book; described by Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 253; and our Quoted as I I I R. 43.

L I S T OF S Y M B O L S ,

p. 237f.

X X V I I . Kudurru of Marduk-ahê-erba. Provenance: Unknown. Present location: Unknown, perhaps Constantinople. Text: Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I, Pt. 2, pis. 65-67, Xo. 149. Translations: Scheil, Recueil de Travaux, Vol. XVI, p. 32f. (partial), and pp. 190-195 of this book. Symbols: Unpublished, described by Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I, I't. 2, pp. 6 5 - 6 6 ; Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 434f., Xo. 1 6 ; and our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 238. Quoted as Ο. Β. I., 149. X X V I I I . Kudurru of Second Isin (PA.SHE) Dynasty. Provenance: Xippur. Present location: Imperial Ottoman Museum, Constantinople. Text: Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I, Pt. 1, pi. 27, Xo. 80. Translation: Xone, fragment of four lines. Symbols: Ο. Β . I., Vol. I, Pt. 1, pl. X I I , Nos. 32, 33; sec also fig. 44 of this book; described in our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 238. Quoted as Ο. Β. I., 80. X X I X . Kudurru of Second Isin (PA.SHE) Dynasty. Provenance: Perhaps Nippur. Present location: Berlin Museum, V. Α., 213. Text: Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I , Pt. 2, pi. 68, No. 150; Schriftdenkmäler, Heft I , No. 58. Translation: None. Symbols:

Ο.

Β. I., Vol. I, Pt.

OF SYMBOLS, p.

2,

pl. X X V , No.

69;

238.

Quoted as V. Α., 213. X X X . Kudurru of the Second Isin (PA.SHE) Dynasty. Provenance: (?)

Vorderasiatische

described in our

LIST

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF KUDURRU

IXSC'RIPTIONS.

xxiii

Present location: Berlin Museum, V. Α., 211. Text: Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler, Heft I, Xo. 57. Translation: None, transliterated by Ungnad, I.e., p. I X a . .Symbols: I.e., Beihejt, pl. V, described by Rommel, Λu¡.salze, p. 25Sf., N o . 14; o u r L I S T OF SYMBOLS, p .

238.

Quoted as V Α., 211. X X X I . Kudurru of Xabû-mukîn-aplu. Provenance: (?) Present location : British Museum, Xo. 102 (90,835). Text: Belser, Β. Α., Vol. II, pp. 171-185. Translation: Peiser, Κ. B., Vol. IV, pp. S2-93. Symbols: Unpublished, described by Pinches, "Guide," p. 53f.; Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 253f., Xo. S ; and our L I S T OK S Y M B O L S , p. 238f. Quoted as London, 102. X X X I I . Stone Tablet of Xabu-apal-iddina. Provenance: (?) Present location: British Museum, Xo. 12,051 (00,022). Text: C. T., X, pl. 3. Translation: Boseawen, "Babylonian and Oriental Record," Vol. I, pp. 6&-0S; Peiser, K. B., Vol. IV, pp. 92-95. Symbols: Published by Boseawen, I.e., facing p. G5; see also fig. 9 of this book; described by Hommel. Aufsätze, p. 255f., Xo. 10; and our L I S T OP SYMBOLS, p. 2 3 9 .

Quoted as ('. T., X, pl. 3. X X X I I I . Stone Tablet of Marduk-shum-iddina. Provenance: (?) Present location: Berlin Museum, V. Α., 208. Text: Peiser, Keilschriftliche Acten-Stiicke, pis. 1-2; Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler, Heft I, No. 35. Translation: Peiser, I.e., pp. 2-(3; Κ. B., Vol. IV, pp. 94-97. Symbols: Published in Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler, Heft I, Beiheft pl. I I ; described by Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 256f., Xo. 11; and our L I S T O P S Y M B O L S , p. 2391'. Quoted as V. Α.. 208. X X X I V . Kudurru of Sargon. Provenance: (?) Present location: Berlin Museum, Χ. Α., 209. Text: Peiser, Keilschriftliche Acten-Stiicke, photos 1 - 5 ; Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler, Heft I, Xo. 70. Translation: Revillout, Mélanges assyr. baby!., I, Xo. 1; Peiser, I.e., pp. G-17; Peiser, K. B., Vol. IV, pp. 158-161.

xxiv

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OF

KUDURRU

1XSCR1PTI0SS.

Symbols: Published by Peiser, i.e.. photos 1 - 5 ; Vorderasiatische denkmäler,

Heft

I , Beiheft,

Schrift-

p. V ; see also fig. 15 of this book;

described by Hommel, Aufsätze,

p. 2571"., No. 12; and our LIST OP

SYMBOLS, p. 2 4 0 .

Quoted as V . Α., 209. XXXV.

Kudurru of Marduk-apal-iddina I I .

Present location: Berlin Museum, V. Α., 2663. T e x t : Vorderasiatische

Schriftdenkmäler,

Heft I, Xo. 37; transliterated by

Delitzsch, Β . Α., Yol. I I , pp. 2.3S-273; Peiser, Κ . Β., Vol. I l l , pp. 1 8 4 - 1 9 3 (cf. Peiser and AYinckler, Ζ. Α., Vol. V I I , 1S2-190). Translations: Delitzsch, I.e. ; Peiser, I.e. ; R . F . Harper, "Assyrian and Babylonian Literature," New York, 1901, pp. 64-68. Symbols: Published in part by Bezold, Xineve und Babylon, Vorderasiatische

Schriftdenkmäler,

lieft

I , Beiheft,

fig. S of this book; described by Hommel, Aufsätze,

p. 6 3 ; in full,

pis. I I I , I V ; also p. 25S, Xo. 1 3 ;

o u r L I S T OF SYMBOLS, p . 2 4 0 .

Quoted as V. Α., 2663. XXXVI.

Kudurru of Shamash-shum-ukin.

Present location: British Museum, Xo. 87,220. T e x t : C. T . , X , pis. I V - V I I . Translation: AYinckler, Altorientalische

Forschungen,

Vol. I, pp. 497-503.

Symbols: Unpublished. Quoted as C. T., X , pis. I V - V I I . FRAGMENTARY

BOUNDARY STONES, WHOSE INSCRIPTIONS BROKEN OFF OR

ARE

UNPUBLISHED.

I . Fragments of the Cassite Dynasty. Provenance: Susa. Present location : Louvre, Paris. Symbols: Published by De Morgan, D. E . P., Vol. I , figs. 379, 3 S 2 - 3 S 8 ; Vol. V I I , fig. 453,'pis. 27, 28. 1. Susa, X o . 1, De Morgan, D. E . P., I, p. 168,[fig. 379, Koudourrou, I ; see also fig. 24 of this book ; described by Hommel, Aufsätze,

No

p. 437f.,

X o . 1 9 ; o u r L I S T OF SYMBOLS, p . 2 3 1 .

2 Susa, X o . 5, De Morgan, D. E . P., I , p. 176, fig. 382; see figs. 17, 18, p p . 4 0 , 4 1 of t h i s b o o k , a n d t h e description in t h e LIST OF SYMBOLS,

p. 234. 3. Susa, X o . 6, De Morgan, D. E . P., I , p. 177, fig. 383; see fig. 38, p. 103 of this book, and the description in the LIST OF SYMBOLS, p. 234. 4. Susa, No. 7, De Morgan, D. E . P., I , p. 178, fig. 384; see fig. 21, p. 7 3 of this book, and the description in the LIST OF SYMBOLS, p. 234.

BIBLIOGRAPHY ô. Susa, of this li. Susa, 112 of 7. Susa, 112 UT S. Susa,

OF KU DUR RU INSCRIPTIONS.

xxv

No. \ De Morgan, D. E. P., I, p. 17S, fig. 385;see fig. 21, p. 73 hook, and the description in the L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 2 3 5 . No. 10, De Morgan, D. E. P., I, p. 179, fig. 3S7; see fig. 41, p. this book, and the description in the I.IST O F S Y M B O L S , p. 235. Xo. 11, De Morgan, D. E. I'., I, p. 179. fig. 3SS; see fig. 44, p. tliis hook, and the description in the L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 235. Xo. 12, no symbols preserved.

9. Susa, Xo. 13. De Morgan, D. E. P., VII, p. 139, fig. 451 ; see also fig. 29 of this book, and the description in our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 235. in. Susa, Xo. 15. De Morgan, D. E. P., VII, p. 142, fig. 453; see fig. 2, p. 0 of this book, and the description in the L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 235. 11. Susa, Xo. 20, De Morgan, I). E. P., VII, pis. 27, 28; see fig. 16, p. 38, and fig. 30, p. 95 of this book, and the description in the L I S T O F SYMBOLS, p .

236.

I I . Second Isin (PA.SHE) Dynasty. Provenance: 'Amrán (Babylon). Present location: Berlin Museum. Text: Fragmentary, unpublished. Symbols: Published in Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient Gesellschaft, Xo. 7, p. 25; see also fig. 19, p. 45 of this book; described by Hommel, Aujsätze, p. 4 3 6 , Xo. I S ; our L I S T O F S Y M B O L S , p. 2 3 8 . I I I . Elamite Boundary Stone. Discovered at Svisa, where it remained. Symbols: Published by Walpole, "Travels in Various Countries of the East," London, 1S20, pi. facing p. 426; described by Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 259f., Xo. 15 ; reproduced there p. 474. U X P U B L I S H E D B O U N D A R Y STONES. I . British Museum, No. 94 (90.S33), c. 1400 B. C. See Guide to the Babylonian and Assyrian I I . British Museum, Dated in the là sanân; schungen,

Antiquities,

London, 1900, p. 85.

No. (?). reign of Kurigalzu, sar Bâbili mûr Ka-daê-man-fiar-bi et". Winckler, Ζ. Α., Vol. II, p. 309; Allorientalische Vol. I, p. 117 (perhaps identical with X'o. I).

sarri For-

I I I . British Museum, Xo. 104 (90,834). Of the reign of Marduk-balàtsu-iqbi, c. S30 B.C., given as a boundary stone in Guide, 1900, p. SS, but cf. E. Cuq, La propriété foncière en Chaldéc, p. 703. IV. Paris, Louvre.

Boundary Stone of Meli-Shipak.

See Académie des Inscriptions June, 1906, p. 279.

Containing three deeds.

et Belles Lettres,

Comptes

Rendus,

ABBREVIATIONS. A. D. D A. J . S. L Α. Ρ A. S. Κ. Τ Β. A Β. E Br. M B. O. R. Br C. Τ Del. H. \V D. Ε. Ρ G. G. A I. S. A J . A. O. S Κ. Β J . R. A. S Κ. Α. Τ M. D. O. G M. V. A. G Ο. Β. I O. Ii. Ζ P. Ν P. S. B. A R R. A R. Ρ R. Τ S. Β. B. A

Johns, Assyrian Deeds and Documents. American Journal of Semitic Languages. Meissner, Altbabylonisches Privatrecht. Haupt, Akkadische und Sumerische Keilschrifttexte. Beitrage zur Assyriologie. The Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, Series A, Cuneiform Texts. British Museum. Babylonian and Oriental Record. Brünnow, A Classified List. Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum. Delitzseh, Handwörterbuch. Mémoires de la Délégation en Perse. Göttinger Gelehrten Anzeiger. Thureau-Dangin, Les Inscriptions de Sumer et d'Akkad, Paris, 1905. Journal of the American Oriental Society. Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. Schräder, Die Keilschriften und das alte Testament. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient Gesellschaft. Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatischen Gesellschaft. Hilprecht, Old Babylonian Inscriptions. Orientalistische Literatur-Zeitung. Ranke, Early Babylonian Personal Xames, from the published Τablets of the so-called Hammurabi Dynasty. Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology. Rawlinson, Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia. Revue d'Assyriologie. Records of the Past. Recueil de Travaux. Sitzungsberichte der Berliner Akademie der Wissenschaften. xxvi

xxvii

ABBREVIATIONS. S. Β. Ο. Τ V. A

Haupt, Sacred Books o¡ the Old TestametU. Vorderasiatische Abteilung der Kgl. Museen in Berlin.

V. S

Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler

Ζ. A

Zeitschrift ¡ür

der Königl. Museen zu

Berlin.

Ass¡/riologie.

Ζ. D. M. G

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen

Ζ. Κ

Zeitschrift für

Gesellschaft.

Keilschriftforschung.

Delitzsch, Kossäer = Die Sprache der Kossäer, Leipzig, 1884. Hommel, Aufsätze = Aufsätze und Abhandlungen, Ρ ta. 1-3, München, 1892-1901. Hommel, Geographie = Grundriss der Geographie und Geschichte des alten Orients, München, 1904. Hrozny, Mythen = Sumerisch-Babylonische (Xinib) (in Mitteilungen Vol. V I I I , Xo. 5, 1903). Langdon, Building Inscriptions = Building Empire, Paris, 1905. Reisner, Hymnen

Mythen von dem Gotte Ninrag der Vorderasiatischen Gesellschaft, Inscriptions

of the

Neo-Babylonian

= Sumerisch-Babylonische Hymnen nach Thontafeln griechischer Zeit, Berlin, 1896. Zimmern, Beiträge = Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Babylonischen Religion, Leipzig, 1899-1900

I.

BABYLONIAN

BOUNDARY

STONES.

BABYLONIAN boundary stones and their inscriptions have long been the subject of study and investigation.

Among the earliest

Babylonian monuments which arrived in Europe was the now famous Caillou

de Michaux,

found by the French botanist, C.

Michaux, at the Tigris, a day's journey below Bagdad, in the ruins of a palace, and brought by him to Paris in the year 1800. Published by A. J. Millin in 1802/ its inscription was at once studied and translated by the German professor, Α. A. H. Lichtenstein, of Helmstiidt.

His attempt was, however, a failure, for he made out

the inscription to be Aramaic, read it from right to left, and declared it to be a dirge addressed by a certain Archimagus to wailing women at an annual mourning festival. 2

After this unpromising

beginning 110 progress was made in the interpretation of Babylonian boundary stone inscriptions until after the epoch-making decipherment of the great Behistun inscription by Sir Henry C. Rawlinson in 1851.

Among the scholars who at that time devoted all their

energies to the decipherment of the new language was Jules Oppcrt, 1

Monuments

antiques inédits ou nouvellement expliques, Paris, 1802, Vol. I ,

pp. 58-68; pis. V i l i , I X . ' Tentamen Palœographiœ Asxyrio-Persicœ, pis. I I I - V I I .

Helmstxdt, 1803, pp. 111-134;

The inscription is rendered in a Latin poem.

Its contents are

described as follows : Xaeniam quasi quamdam ab Arehimago

fxirentantibus feminin inter Sabaeos,

sire Persas eius œi-i, qua: nuper maritos, fratres rei alios eognatos amiserant,

ft

eomitatUibus prceficis, die ¡esto, quando sollemnia sacra luetus publici ob defunctua quotannis eelebrantur, prœlegendam, rei recitandam.

2

A SEW

BOUNDARY

STONE

OF

who in 1856 gave the first approximately correct rendering of the Michaux stone. During the next two decades the text of the first four kudurru inscriptions1 was published by Sir H. C. Rawlinson in his monumental work, Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia, Vols. I-IV, 1861-1870. An important step in advance was made in 1877 by the joint work of Oppert and Menant, Documents juridiques de l'Assyrie et de la Chaldée, in which the four inscriptions referred to were transliterated and translated. A brief history of the publication and interpretation of boundary stones till 1891 was given by C. W. Belser in B.A., II, 112-114. Since that time the following scholars have made contributions to this subject : Prof. F. E. Peiser furnished transliterations and translations of fifteen kudurru inscriptions for the Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek, Vols. III-IV. Prof. H. V. Hilprecht published two boundary stones (Ο. Β., I, 83, 149) and two fragments (Ο. Β., I, 80, 150), together with an exhaustive discussion of the inscription of Ellil-nâdin-aplu (Assyriaca, pp. 1-58). Prof. H. Winckler gave a transliteration and translation of the stone of Shamash-shum-ukîn (Altorientalische Forschungen, I, 497-503). Dr. L. W. King published three boundary stones (C. T., IX, pis. IV-V; X, pis. I I I ; I V VII). Finally Prof. V. Scheil published three large Cassite stones The most common name applied to Babylonian boundary stones is abnvnarû, literally "astone (NA) that is engraved (RU)" ; so Jensen, Kosmologie, pp. 349, note, 440, and K. B., III, X, p. 37 note The name kudurru is employed less frequently with a direct reference to the stone on which the inscription is written (cf. London, 103, V, 39; VI, 21 ; London, 101,1, 1 ; Susa 3, III, 53; I R. 70, II, 8; Neb. Nippur, heading 1. 2). Other names are abnu, "stone" (London, 101, III, 2; London, 103, I I I , 30 ; London, 102, V, 6), asumittu, "a sculptured and an inscribed stele" (London, 103, VI, 26),tuppu, "an inscribed tablet" (I R. 66, II, 5; C. T., X, pl. III, 23; V. Α. 2663, IV, 56; V. Α. 208, 48; V. Α. 202, II, 11 ; V, 13), and li'û, " a tablet" or "document" (Neb. Nippur V, 8; Susa 9, II, 9,12; ««Ζ,/, Susa 16, III, 11, 15; see Chap. I, p. 10). Finally, the term kan-çi (=kâniku) is used in the sense of " a sealed document" in London, 102, VI, 14. 1

3

S E BUCH A BREZZA R / .

and twelve fragments 1 (Delegation en Perse, Vols. II, IV, VI).

For

a full list of all the known boundary stones, together with their literature, see our

Bibliography.

At the present time (June,

1906) we have twenty whole

boundary stones with inscriptions more or less complete, together with sixteen fragments of other boundary stones. period from about

They cover the

1350-650 B.C., or from the reign of Nazi-

Maruttash to that of Shamash-shum-ukîn. But while boundary stones, properly so called, do not make their appearance until the Cassite dynasty, we find other similar monuments at a much earlier period.

The oldest monument of this

kind is a national boundary stone, erected by Entemena, 2 one of the early rulers of Shirpula, about 3500 B.C., to mark the boundary between Shirpula and the neighboring city Gish-hú.

Its important

inscription closes, in perfect agreement with the later boundary stones, with a series of curses : " W h e n e v e r the people of Gish-hú shall cross the boundary canal of Ningirsu or the boundary canal of Ninâ, in order to bring this land under their power—whether they be the men of Gish-hú or the men of the mountain—may Enlil destroy them, may the great net of Ningirsu overthrow them, may his sublime hand and sublime foot be lifted up high (over them), may the warriors of 1

These fragments are: One of the reign of Bitiliâshu (D. E. P., II, 93f.), one of Rammân-âum-usur (D. E. P., II, 97f.), one of Meli-Shipak (D. E. P., II, 112), two of Marduk-apal-iddina I (D. E. P., VI, 39-41 ; 42, 43), and six undated Cassite fragments (D. E. P., II, 113f.; 115; 116; VI, 44f.; 46; 47). A boundary stone fragment is perhaps also the broken stone of Meli-Shipak (D. E. P., IV, pis. 16, 17). The phraseology of the curses points in that direction. Its shape resembles the stone of Marduk-apal-iddina I. = IV R.' 38. Finally, the stone of Agabtaha (D. E. P., II, 95) must also be included, for it is a private deed, recording a grant of land. Cf. below, p. 11. •Published by Thureau-Dangin in R. Α., IV, No. 11, pi. 2, and translated there pp. 42-50; cf. also his Inscriptions de Sumer et d'Akkad, Paris, 1905, pp. 02-69.

4

A Χ EIV* BO U.X DA RY

STONE

OF

the city be filled with rage, and, in the midst of the city, m a y fury be in their hearts. ' ' Another series of monuments closely related to the later boundary stones are the doorsockets of the ancient kings of Agade and other early rulers.

The doorsockets and thresholds of temples

were evidently regarded as their boundary.

A doorsocket of Ur-

FIG. 1.—Doorsocket of Ur-Ninâ, shaped as a boundary stone.

Ninâ has actually the shape of a boundary stone, 1 while all their inscriptions close with the identical formula of the later boundary stone inscriptions.

Thus, e.g., the second doorsocket inscription

of Shargâni-shar-âli, published by Prof. Hilprecht, 2 reads : 1

Published by Heuzey in R. Α., IV,'97 ;~see also Thureau-Dangin, I. S. Α., p. 18f. ' Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I, No. 2 ; cf. also No. 1.

5

SEHL'CHA DREZZA li I. d

mâr ltti(-ti)-dEn-lil,1

Sar-ga-ni-sar-âIi d

la-ti

En-lil

ku-ni2

bâni E-kur

d

En-lilùdSamas

bit dEn-lil ïsid-su

in Nippurki

li-zu-fiaùzêr-su

da-num

sar Akkadiù

Sa duppa sù-a li-il-gu-da—i.e.,

bá-ú(u)-sa-za''Shar-

gâni-shar-âli, the son of Itti-Ellil, the powerful king of Akkad and of the dominion of Ellil, (is) the builder of Ekur, the temple of Ellil in Nippur.

Whoever shall alter this inscribed stone, may Ellil and

Shamash tear out his foundation and carry off his seed. ' ' Other inscriptions of Naram-Sin, the kings of Guti and Lulubi and of Gudea close with similar curses.3

It seems in fact that most

public monuments were placed by these imprecations under the protection of the gods, to guard them against destruction by illdisposed persons.

A conspicuous example is furnished by the

famous stele of Qammurabi, containing his code of laws, in which twelve of the great gods are invoked (Col. XLII, 45-XLIV, 90) to punish anyone who abolishes his judgments, overrules his words, alters his statues, effaces his name and writes his own name in its place (Col. XLII, 27-35). 1

Or perhaps better Da-ti-dEn-lil, as suggested by Thureau-Dangin (cf. I. S. A . 233, note 10), on the basis of R. T. C. No. 176, Da-ti-dEn-lil, as compared with C. T. 21335, 121, Da-a-ti-dEn-lil. For Ellil see article of Prof. Clay, "Ellil, the God of Nippur," in A. J. S. L., July, 1907. * Thureau-Dangin calls attention to the fact (cf. I. S. Α., 233) that nazâku alternates with nakdru, especially in the Code of Hammurabi: Col. XLI, 74, u-zu-ra-ti-ia a u-ia-zi-iq·, Col. XLII, 10, u-zu-ra-ti-ia la u-na-ki-ir. • For the inscriptions of Naram-Sin, containing curses, see (a) Hilprecht, O. Β. I., 120, Col. I l l , 5-IV, 4; (6) Scheil, D. E. P., II, 55, note 1, Col. IV, Iff.; (c) Scheil, D. E. P., VI, 3-4, Col. II, 20-30. For the inscription of King Lasirab of Guti see Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I, 13f. ; Thureau-Dangin, I. S. Α., 244f. For the stele of Anu-banîni, King of Lulubi, see Thureau-Dangin, I. S. Α., 246. The statue of Gudea, numbered C, contains also a curse, Col. IV, 5-17 (ThureauDangin, I. S. Α., 119). Similar curses are found on a number of Elami te monuments, e.g., the stelae of Karibu of Shushinak: (a) Scheil, D. E. P., II, 64, Col. I l l , 1-6; (6) Scheil, D. E. P., IV, 6-7, Col. V, Iff.; (c) Scheil, D. E. P., VI, £-4, Col. II, 20-30, and the inscriptions given by Thureau-Dangin, I.e., pp. 252-258. An example of a Sumerian curse during the Cassite period occurs on an inscription of Kadashman-Turgu (Hilprecht, Ο. Β. I., Vol. I, 63, 14-20).

6

A SEW

BOUNDARY

STOSE

OF

Turning now to the boundary stones, properly so called, the first question that engages our attention is the probable origin and introduction of boundary stones into Babylonia to mark the limits of private property. All that is known for certain is that they first make their appearance during the third or Cassite dynasty. But when we consider the fact that, although there are many transfers

FIG. 2.—Symbols on a fragmentary boundary stone of the Cassite period (Susa. No. 15.)

of land in the earlier periods, no traces of boundary stones for private land have come to light, and when we consider furthermore that there was no marble, basalt or limestone in the alluvial soil of Babylonia to provide the material for boundary stones, but that they had to be imported, we are almost forced to the conclusion that the erection of boundary stones on private lands was a foreign custom, which

SEBVCHADREZZAR

1.

7

originated in a mountainous country where there were plenty of stones to supply the demand.

As the Cassi te rulers were foreigners,

who came most likely from the mountainous regions east of Babylonia, 1 it is natural to conclude that they caused the introduction of this custom. 2

This conclusion is somewhat supported by the

interesting fact, which ought to be emphasized, that all the twelve boundary stones of the Cassite period which have come down to us, in whole or in part, 3 contain either the record of a royal grant or the confirmation of such a grant when no earlier deed had been 1

Cf. Hommel, Geographie, p. 30. While this book was passing through the press I had an opportunity of consulting Edouard Cuq, La propriété foncière en Chaldée d'après les pierreslimites (extrait de la Xouvelle Revue historique de Droit français et étranger, de Xovcmbcr-December, 1900, pp. 701-73S). Unfortunately I am unable to agree with the author in many of his positions. His statement (§ 10, p. 735) t h a t t h e introduction of boundary stones was a sign of a degeneration of law, ami was caused by the inability of the Cassite kings properly to protect land, docs not seem to be borne out by the facts. A number of the later Cassite rulers have the determinative ilu before their names, which implies t h a t they enjoyed divine honors (Hilprecht, Β. E., X X , pt. 1, p. 51f.). If they were regarded as divine surely their power was sufficient to protect property. Again, several of these· kings, e.g., Xazi-Maruttash (Susa 2, I, 2), Rammân-shum-usur (D. E. P., I I , 97, 8), Meli-Shipak (London, 101, I, 13) and Marduk-apal-iddina (D. E. P., VI, 42, Col. I, 24), used the title iar kiisati, which implied a claim of supremacy over Babylonia, Assyria and Mesopotamia (cf. Winckler, Forschungen, I, 222-232). If they could rule practically all of Western Asia, they could surely protect t h e property of their subjects a t home. There may have been a degeneration of law a t the close of the Cassite period, but the introduction of boundary stones had nothing to do with it. Finally, no inferences of t h a t kind can be drawn from the stone of Meli-Shipak (London, 103), which contains the record of several lawsuits, for it does not appear t h a t the case was reopened by the same p a r t y after the king had rendered an adverse decision, b u t different parties made claims under different reigns. 2

' As the Bibliography shows, eighteen boundary stones of the Cassite period have been published thus far. Six of t h e m are, however, so fragmentary t h a t the name of the king has not been preserved, nor is enough of their inscriptions left to enable us to classify them as to the n a t u r e of t h e grants they contained.

8

A NEW

BOUNDARY

STOSE

OF

executed or when the land had been in dispute.

Gradually, how-

ever, during the second Isin (PA.SHE) dynasty, these stones were also used to record transfers of private property, while still later their use was even further extended.1

It is also interesting

to note that all the boundary stones published thus far come from Babylonia; none have as yet been found in Assyria. Even the stone of Sargon is dated in the Babylonian city of Dêr (Col. II, 25). There are a number of similar grants of land by the Assyrian kings Adadnirari, Tiglath-pileser III, Ashur-bân-aplu and Ashur-êtil-ilâni, but they are written on clay tablets.2 DOCUMENTS FOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE U S E .

From the evidence at hand it seems that at least in all royal grants of land two documents were used'—one a large conical block, to be placed as a public monument upon the field for the information of the people in general, the other a private document, to be 1 A stone, dated in the reign of Nabû-shum-ishkun (M. D. O. G., No. 4, March, 1900, pp. 14-17), has the shape of a boundary stone. It has also the various symbols on top (see p. 97) and its inscription contains the usual curses. I t is, however, no boundary stone, but a document recording the investiture of a Nebo priest of Borsippa, Nabû-mutakkil, with certain rights and privileges pertaining to his office. The analogy of the stone of Nazi-Maruttash (see p. 22) and of the Nippur stone (see p. 123) leads to the inference that the priest himself wrote the inscription and caused the selection of this undoubtedly sacred monument bearing the symbols of the gods, because the transaction was one of great importance, at least for himself and his family.

' For the Assyrian land grants see Johns, Assyrian Deeds and Documents, (a) Adad-nirâri, A. D. D., Nos. 651-656; (6) Tiglathpileser III, A. D. D., Nos. 658-659; (c) Aääur-bän-aplu, D. D. D., Nos. 646-48; (d) Alàur-etil-ilâni, A. D. D., Nos. 649-650. See also Meissner, Assyrische Freibriefe, Β. Α., II, 566-570, and Peiser, Κ. Β. IV, 142-147. • This fact had already been recognized before, e.g., by Prof. Hilprecht, Ο. B. I., Vol. I, pt. 1, p. 38, note 8. The inscriptions on the private documents were, however, not exact copies of the public boundary stones. As to the differences see below, p. 13.

XEtìL'CHA

9

DREZZA R 1.

held by the owner of the field as a proof of his ownership. former class there was in each case but one

copy. 1

Of the

This is evident

from the repeated references in the inscriptions to the boundary stone of the field ( k u - d u r - r i eqlu .iu-a-tu);

never used in this connection.

the plural of kudurru

is

The same inference can be drawn

from the name of the stone of Xazi-Maruttash: eqlâti, and also from the curses of Ninib.

dXabû-nâsir-kuditr-

That the boundary stones

were actually placed on the fields appears from the curses, which show that they were public monuments which could be removed from their place; hence we find provisions that the stone shall not be removed from its place (London, 101, III, 2), that it shall not be placed in a secret place where it cannot be seen (Susa, 3, Col. V, 43, 44), that it shall not be hidden in the earth (III R. 41, II, 12).

I t can also be inferred from the fact that the lowest

part of the stones was not covered with writing (cf. D. E. P., II, pis. 2 1 - 2 3 ; VI, pis. 9, 10; 11α; IV R. 43; I R. 70, etc). 1

But the

This is in contrast to Egyptian custom, where a number of boundary stones

seem to have been used for one tract of land. have clear proof that such was the case.

In a number of cases at least we

A cemetery at Abydos was marked by

two stelae (Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt, Vol. I, §§ 766-772).

At Tell-el-

Amarna were fourteen landmarks to indicate the extent of the city (Breasted, I.e., II, §§ 949-972).

The extent of the jackal nome was marked by fifteen bound-

ary stones (Breasted, I.e., I, § 632).

Egyptian boundary stones resemble those

of Babylonia in several respects: (a) They are elaborate stone monuments, set up on the boundaries of fields (Breasted, I.e., IV, § 332).

(6) Frequently the

stone had a name (Breasted, I.e., IV, 479).

A list of such names is given by

Maspero, Dawn of Civilization,

(c) The inscriptions of the bound-

3d ed., p. 329.

arystones carefully define the demarkations of the fields on all four sides (Breasted, i.e., IV, §§ 479-483).

(d) The historical circumstances leading to the grant are

sometimes given (Breasted, I.e., I, § 768; I I , § 1043).

(e) In some cases there are

also curses uttered in the name of the gods or prohibitions not to erase the inscription (Breasted, I.e., I I , }§ 925, 968; IV, § 483).

(/) Not only the land but also

immunity from taxation was granted by the king in some instances (Breasted, I.e., IV, }§ 147-150).

.Ml these features appear also on the Babylonian boundary

stones, see below, pp. 37-39.

10

Λ .VA"ΙΓ BOUNDARY

STOSE

OF

clearest proof consists in the repeated reference to the actual removal of the stone from the field in the course of a litigation (cf. Susa, 16, III, 5-10; London, 103, II, 2 0 - I I I , 2; O. B. I., 83,1,10-14). The existence of the second class of documents, dealing with land grants, depends upon the following evidence : The stone of Bitiliâshu refers to a field granted in the reign of Kurigalzu (D. E. P., II, 94, Col. II, 8-12).

A duplicate copy of the original grant was produced

during a litigation in the reign of Bitiliâshu.

Again we learn that

of the grant of Xazi-Maruttash a record was written on a tablet of terra cotta and set up before the goil (nam sa hasbi iiturma mafoar iliiu uiziz, D. E. P., II, 91 ; Med., I, 3-5). The latter refers evidently to a private document and does not exclude the existence of a public boundary stone.

Both the public and the private documents are

referred to on the new stone of Marduk-apal-iddina I, which reads: J Û u tup-pi eqli ka-nik di-ni ik-nu-uk-ma a-na id-din.

J-na ka-nak

J Ü u tup-pi eqli

Mu-un-na-bit-tum

m

kunukki

abnu

di-ni iú-a-tum

. . . . iz-za-az-zu (D. E. P., VI, 34, Col. I l l , 11-15).

The group

J Ü cannot be read with Scheil I ammatu and rendered " l ' a u n e , " from which he concludes that there is here a reference to the sealing of the yardstick alongside of the sealing of the tablet.

This is

clearly excluded, for on the new stone of Nebuchadrezzar I. the phrase: Ina ka-nak

J Û sú-a-tu, etc. (Col. V, 8), occurs alone,

which, following Scheil's rendering, would lead us to the impossible conclusion that no sealing of a tablet took place.

The true

reading of the signs in question can be inferred from the stone of Merodach-baladan II, where Bâbili (Gen.) is written Bâbi-1-li ( J ) while ili, resp. ilê, "gods," appears as

(V. Α., 2663,1, 26; I I , 2) ;

hence ( J ) has the value li and the signs under discussion ought to be read li-ú.1

While the term li'û refers to the public boundary

1 owe this explanation to Prof. Hilprecht. In support of it he calls attend tion to the fact that the use of NI and NI.NI is exactly parallel. The single NI is often read li, while NI.NI is used for ili (Br. 5356) and ilê, e.g., in the name Shamash-bêl-NI.NI, see Ranke, Personal Names, p. 213, note 3. 1

SEBI

'CUΛ DREZZA

11

R /.

stone (cf. D. E. P., II, 94, 8 , 1 2 ) , the term tuppu

refers to the private

1

tablet, b o t h of which were sealed in the presence of witnesses. 2 B u t , what is more i m p o r t a n t , the existence of private d o c u m e n t s recording g r a n t s of land cannot only be inferred f r o m the inscriptions; we are also in the possession of actual copies t h a t have come down to us.

Being stored in the temple (cf. D. E. P., I I , 91; Med.,

I, 5) or held b y the owner, they were not exposed to destruction by strangers, and hence the most characteristic f e a t u r e of the public b o u n d a r y stones, the long-drawn-out curses, are n a t u r a l l y w a n t i n g on the private monuments.

T a k i n g this absence of the curses as our

guide, we can classify the following stones as d o c u m e n t s kept privately: (1) The tablet of A g a b t a h a (D. E. P., I I , pi. 20), recording a g r a n t of ten gur3 of cultivated land by King Bi-ti-li-ia-a-iu a fugitive of

iJaligalbat.

to A g a b t a h a ,

(2) T h e c h a r t e r of Nebuchadrezzar I

(C. T., I X , pis. 4, 5), g r a n t i n g land and i m m u n i t y from levies to two priests of Eria.

(3) The stone of Ellil-nâdin-aplu (O. B . , 1 , 8 3 ) ,

confirming the g r a n t of a t r a c t of land to a temple of the goddess Nina a t Der.

(4) The stone of Za'aleh (I R . 66), g r a n t i n g exemp-

tion f r o m levies to one called the I s h n u n a k e a n . K i n g Nabû-apal-iddina to the temple officer

(5) The grant of Nabû-apal-iddina. 4

(6) The grant of land, m a d e in t h e eleventh year of King Mardukshum-iddina, b y Bêl-iddina to his son Kidîni (λ'. Α. 208). (7) To this 1

There are of course cases in which tuppu refers to the public monument (see above, p. 2, note 1). The statement in the text has only reference to its use on the stone of Marduk-apal-iddina I. (Susa 16). * Another reference to a private document occurs in a stone of Meli-Shipak (London, 103), where it is distinctly stated that the sealed document had been deposited in the house of the owner of the field (kunuk Mmi eqli ha ana bili Sa mBclâni Saknu, Col. III, 9-10). 3

The reading of gur is made certain by the interesting discovery of Prof. Clay that it is represented in the Aramaic endorsements of the Murashû tablets by "13; cf. his forthcoming article on the "Aramaic Endorsements of the Murashû Tableta" in the William R. Harper Memorial Volumes. 4

See C. T., X, pl. 3.

12

A Χ EIV BOUXDARY

STOXE

OF

Fio. 3.—Stone tablet of Ellil-nâdin-aplu, confirming a grant of land to a temple of the goddess Ninâ at Dêr. (Ο. Β. I., No. 83 )

XEBL'CHADREZZAR

13

I.

sanie class of private records belongs also the stone of Xazi-Maruttash (Susa, 2 = D. E. P., II, pis. 16-19).

Its inscription states dis-

tinctly that it was a copy of a terra cotta tablet which had been set up in the temple, and in perfect harmony with this is the fact that it has no curses against the removal of the stone.

Nevertheless

when a new copy was made it was written upon a block like those of the public boundary stones.

Originally then, as we m a y infer

from this case, private deeds were written upon terra cotta or perhaps clay tablets. 1

In course of time stone tablets were sub-

stituted, and in exceptional cases even stone blocks, such as were commonly used for public boundary stones.

The characteristic

features of these private deeds during the Cassite and P A . S H E dynasties were as follows: (1) With the exception of the stone block of Nazi-Maruttash, they are stone tablets and not conical blocks. (2) Their inscriptions contain no curses against the removal of the boundary stone.

At most there are curses against any change in

the status of the field (D. E. P., II, pi. 17; I I I , 11-15), or admonitions not to change the boundary nor to curtail the field ( 0 . B. I., 83, II, 21-24).

(3) No witnesses are mentioned.

demarcation of the have no symbols.

field.

(4) There is no

(5) All but the Nazi-Maruttash stone

The two later private deeds, made under Nabû-

apal-iddina and Marduk-shum-iddina, differ in several respects from the earlier tablets. 1

They have both witnesses and demarcations

It is of course possible that the introduction of boundary stones was earlier than the Cassite period, and that even in the earlier period stone tablets were used. The above inferences are drawn from the material now at our disposal. Later discoveries may compel us to modify our statements. Such a modification would even now be necessary if the statements on the stone of Ellil-nâdin-aplu (Col. I, 11, 12) implied that the governor of Hît-Sin-mâgir took away the original boundary stone granted under Gulkishar. This, however, is not at all necessary ; because, when the custom was once introduced during the Cassite period, it would be quite natural to have copies of the private documents made, in order to erect them on the fields.

14

A NEW

BOUNDARY

STONE

OF

noted in their inscriptions, and in addition the one of Nabû-apaliddina has also symbols. The close connection of all these stone tablets with the public boundary stones is proved by their similarity of language and the fact that both record grants of land, originally royal grants alone.

FIG. 4.—Symbols on a Cassite boundary stone.

(Susa, No. 18.)

Babylonian boundary stones and boundaries were sacred to the god NIN.IB, hence he is called bèi kudurri (D. E. P., II, 113) or bèi misri u kudurri (Neb. Nippur, IV, 19). Sometimes his wife Gula is associated with him (O. B. I., 149; III, 1) and mentioned with him in the curse to tear out the boundary stone of the enemy (V R. 56, 39-40). In at least one case, however, the boundary stone is placed under the protection of Nabû, the god of agriculture,1 for this is clearly implied in the name of the stone of Nazi-Maruttash : d Nabû-nâsir-kudur-eqlâti (Col. IV, 34). An interesting reference to boundary stones in the religious literature occurs in the Shurpu series, in a prayer which is remarkable for its ethical contents. In this prayer the priest intercedes for the worshiper, and implores the deity to forgive him by asking the following questions: Kudurru là ketti uktadir, kudurru ketti ul uktadir, usa misra u kudurru ustêli—i.e., ' ' Has he drawn a false 1

For Nabû as the god of agriculture see Jastrow, Religion, Vol. I, p. 118,

and the article on Nebo by A. Jeremias in Roscher's Lexicon, III, 60.

XEBUCIÍA

boundary?

DREZZA

R

15

I.

Has he omitted to draw a true boundary?

removed the confines, the limits or the boundary stone?"

Has he

1

FIG. 5.—Symbols on a fragmentary boundary (?) stone of Meli-Shipak, carried to Susa by Sutruk-nahunte. (D. E. P., IV, pi. 16.) 1

S h u r p u I I , 4.5-46.

It is remarkable t h a t no punishment for the removal

of the b o u n d a r y is referred to in the kudurru

inscriptions aside from the curses.

Only once, in an inscription of Sennacherib, do we find a threat of hanging in case a m a n tears down his old house and rebuilds the new extending into the royal highway (Sa b'Usu labiru inaqqaruma irruba f i r bîtiiu ana gaèUi illalûhi, note 2).

eSSu ibannú

Sa uSSê bîtièu ana girri

I R. 7 F 24-27; cf. Peiser, Acten-Stücki,

èarri p. I X ,

16

.4 XEW

BOUSDARY

STOSE

L E G A L TRANSACTIONS IN THE K U D U R R U

OF INSCRIPTIONS.

According to the various legal transactions recorded on the boundary stones, they naturally group themselves into two general divisions—first, those which represent royal grants; second, those which represent transfers of private land from one individual or family to another. (I) In the first group there are again several sub-divisions: (a) Royal grants to faithful and distinguished officials, of which we have the following specimens : King Rammân-shum-usur granted a tract of land to an official whose name is partly broken off (D. E. P., II, 97). From the reign of Meli-Shipak we have three grants of this kind : The longest and most interesting inscription (Susa, 3 = D. E. P., II, pis. 21-24) records in seven columns (52 + 54 + 60 + 60 + 57 + 53 + 51 = 387 lines) a grant of 84 gur 160 qa of cultivated land of the city of Tamakku, the communal land (ugâru) of the city of Akkad (A-ga-de), situated at the royal canal, belonging to B i t - P i r - d A m u r r u I t was deeded by the king to his son and 1

The translation of bîtu as "tribe" by Scheil and the far-reaching conclusions of Edouard Cuq, based on this translation, that the royal grants during the Cassite period were essentially transfers of tribal land to private property, are not justified. The land granted was always taken from the ugâru. or communal land of some city or district (for this use of ugâru see Meissner, A. P., 123). That the term bîlu refers to a district consisting of smaller villages and towns appears from its usage. The stone of Marduk-nádin-ahé (III R. 43) refers to twenty gur of seed land, the communal land of Alnirêa, at the banks of the canal Zirzirri, in (¿na) Bit m A-da. In other cases the term piftfitu (French: gouvernement·, in German: Regierungsbezirk) is prefixed to bîlu, as píftdí BU-™ II, 39; 15, IV, 49; 19b, VI, 30. Su-ub-bi-ir kakkê-hi-nu, 2, III, 38.

A parallel case is furnished by the stone of Nazi-Maruttash, whose inscription states explicitly that it was set up in the temple, before the god (maiyar ili&u ttiziz, D. E. P., II, pi. 18, 5). For the picture of such a temple treasure vault, see Hilprecht, Excavations in Assyria and Babylonia, facing p. 390. 1

' See Commentary, p. 158f. • The passages from the inscriptions of Nebuchadrezzar II. are quoted from the Building Inscriptions of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, by Stephen Langdon, Paris, 1905.

SEBUCHADREZZAR fir-rit nakri-Sú qa-tu-tii-iú it-mufi, I I , 5.

H-bi-ir-ri

125

I. u-iat(-at)-mi-ih

ga-lu-ui-èu,

16, I, 10.

úufeaftu i-ia-ar-tum úSa-at-mi-if} gatu-ú-,a]-zi si-ru-ti na-gab-su-nn u-se-me [kar-mii], Obv. 7-8).

By

this same Elamite invasion another king suffered, who called Ellilnâdin-ahu " t h e king my predecessor" (sarru pa-na mafi-ri-ia, Obv. 5).

His name is broken off, but his title, " t h e offspring of

Babylon" (nabnît Bâbili), still remains.

Winckler is undoubtedly

correct in restoring the missing name to Nebuchadrezzar, whose wars against Elam form the theme of several other hymns.

This

inscription, by connecting Ellil-nâdin-ahu and Nebuchadrezzar so closely, implies clearly that they are contemporaneous.

I t con-

stitutes, therefore, a valuable corroboration of the view recently advanced by Prof. Hilprecht that the first kings of the Isin (PA.1

Cf. Scheil, D. E. P., V, pp. XV-XVI.

NEBUCHADREZZA

139

R I.

SHE) dynasty were contemporaneous with the last Cassite kings.1 This view reconciles also the otherwise contradictory statements of the kings' list and Nebuchadrezzar's own inscriptions.

From the

evidence now at hand we can conclude that Nebuchadrezzar was a usurper, for his father is not given any royal titles; that at first he battled in vain against the Elamite and Assyrian supremacy, but after repeated reverses and late in his reign he was able to throw off the foreign yoke, ascend the throne of Babylonia and even extend his conquests to the Lulubeans in the east and the land Amurru in the west.

This enabled him to assume the proud title, " king of

the world" (sar ¡rissati).

The case of Nebuchadrezzar I., fighting

against the Elamites and only succeeding in the latter part of his reign in defeating them, has a close parallel in the history of JJammurabi, who only in the thirtieth year of his reign defeated the Elamites and in the following year Rim-Sin, king of Larsa, by which he was able to unite all of Babylonia under his rule. If it is true that Nebuchadrezzar followed the last Cassite king immediately, it should be possible to remove the chronological objections which have been raised against this view by Winckler and others.

These chronological difficulties are caused almost

exclusively by assigning to the Assyrian than the inscriptions demand. first

2

kings

more

years

Thus, e.g., Winckler assigned at

approximately twenty years to Ninib-apal-Ekur and about

thirty-five years to Ashur-dân.

Recent discoveries, however, have

compelled him3 to lower the reign of the first king to twelve years, and that of the latter to not more than twenty.

The probabilities

are that at least the reign of Ninib-apal-Ekur must be reduced still more.

The following table offers the probable synchronisms of

this period: 1

Hilprecht, B.E., Vol. X X , Pt. 1, pp. 44f.

' Cf. Forschungen, Vol. I, pp. 135-138, 266-268. » Cf. Forschungen, Vol. III, p. 347.

140

A S'EW

BOUXDARY

STOXE

ASSYRIA.

BABYLONIA.

Bitiliâshu Reign of eight years. Defeated by Tukulti-Xinib. Captured and brought to Assyria. All of Shumer and Akkad conquered (Inner, of Tukulti-Ninib, Obv. 3036; Synchron. History, S. 2106; Babyl. Chronicle, IV, 1). Ellil-nAdin-shum Reign of one year and six months. Elamite invasion by Kidin-hutrutash. Nippur and Dûrilu devastated. Ellil-nádin-shum'e rule overthrown (Babyl. Chron., IV, 14-16). KacUshman-tjarbe Reign of one year and six months. Babylon taken by Tukulti-Ninib. Marduk statue taken to Assyria. Governors over Babylonia appointed (Babyl. Chron. IV, 3-8). RammAn-shum-iddina Reign of six years. Second Elamite invasion. Ishin captured. Battle at [Marad]da (Babyl. Chron. IV, 17-21). Nobles revolt and place on throne (Babyl. Chron., IV, 8, 9). Rammfln-shum-ujur Reign of thirty years.

OF

Tukulti-Ninib Victorious war against Babylonia.

Tukulti-Ninib rules Babylonia through governors seven years (Babyl. Chron., IV, 3-7).

Nobles of Assyria revolt, dethrone and kill king and place on the throne AShur-nâsir-aplu, his son (Babyl. Chron., IV, 9-11). (Ninib)-tukulti-Ashur flees to Babylonia and returns statue of Marduk and scepter of Shagarakti-Shuriash. Ashur-shum-lîshir entrusted with the government (IV R.» 34, No. 2). The nobles of Assyria place on throne

NEB UC H Λ DREZZ.X Meli-Shipak

R

141

I.

Ellil-kudur-usur

Reign of fifteen years.

(,J.R.A.S., 1904,415.)

Writes letter ( I V Κ. 5 34, No. 2) to

He

neighboring prince.

is

killed

Isin dynasty begins.

in

war

(Synchron.

Κ . 44016).

Hütory,

Ninib-apal-ekur

The first two local kings reign 18 + 6 vears at Isin.

" W h o s e might like an urinnu spread over

the

land

soldiers of

and

who

led

Ashur aright"

the

(Tigl.,

V I I , 57-59). Conquered

Ashur

with

help

Babylonian(?) king (Synchr.

of

Hist..

K . 44016). Ashur-dân

" W h o reached gray hairs and old age" Marduk-apal-iddina

(Tigl. V I I , 54).

I.

Reign of thirteen years. Invasion of babylonia by Ashur-dân.

Zamama-shum-iddina

Reign of one year.

The cities Zâban, Irria,

He is driven off

captured.

by the Elamites

Arsallu

Much booty carried to

Assyria (Syn. Hist., K . 44016).

( I I I R.38, 21). Ellil-nâdin-a(ju

Reign of three years. Defeated by Elainites. Akkad devastated ( I I I R . 38, 2, 5 7). ISIN Nebuchadrezzar

DYNASTY. Mutakkil-Nusku

I.

Reign of at least sixteen years. Defeated by Elamites ( I I I R . 38, 2, R. 4-15). Drives out the Cassites ( V R . 55,

10).

Compels Nebuchadrezzar to give up

Defeated by Assyrian King Ashurrishishi (Syn. Hist.,

Κ . 4401a +

attack on Assyrian fortress Zanqi. Defeats Nebuchadrezzar. Captures

R. 854). Marduk statue brought back ( I V R . 20,1,10-14). the

Lulubeans

forty

of

his

chariots

(Syn. Hist., Κ . 4401a + I i . 854).

Victorious over Elamites.

Conquers

Ashur-rishishi

and

West Land ( V R . 55, 9-10).

the

142

A NEW

BOUNDARY

STONE

OF

TRANSLITERATION. Sum abnunarîl an-ni-i dNIN.IBu-dNusku-mu-kin-ku-dui2-ri sùm-su.s XXII

thm

zêru A GAN 30 qa I ammatu* rabîtu5

(gur) 170 (ça)

IV US Mddu dû amurrû US.SA. DU BU-md$ir-ap-pì-

I US pûtu iaplû iûtu

li

nár iarri

IciiâéP náruldiqlat

II US X GAR pûtu elû iltânu US. SA. DU bel mattiti '

III US LV GAR (iiddu Haplû)' iadû US. SA. DU Bit-mSu-bur-Gal-du

Col. I d

En-lil* bel sá-qu-ú e-til samê(-e) u irsiti rubû10 bèi gim-ri Sàr ilâni rdbûti sâ ina samê(-e) u irsiti la i-ba-as-sú-ú ilu sa-nin-sú 5 sâ a-na na-dan ur-ti-sú dI-gî-gi ap-pa i-lab-bi-nu ú-taq-qu-ú pal-foü11 ù a-na si-tul-ti-sú dA-nun-na-ku (is-rìs sú-har-ru-ru na-zu-uz-zu sá-afo-tis be-el bêlum12 sa i-pis pî13-M la ú-sam-sa-ku 10 ilu ai-um-ma ra-iub-bi dA-nun-na-ku be-el sal14-mat qaqqadiiS 1 4

ΝA .RÚ.A. Û.

' EN.KUR.MES.

» ku, dur. GAL.

5

· Omitted by scribe, see III, 2.

» MU.NE. 'ΤΙΚ. · See Commentary.

NEBUCHADREZZAR

I.

TRANSLATION. T h e name of this stone: " X I X . I B and Nusku establish the bounda r y , " (such) is its name. X X I I (gur) 170 (qa) of seedfield, TV G A X (reckoned) at 30 qa of seed, (equivalent to) a large cubit IV USH, upper length, west, adjoining River I U S H , lower width Ti-

Bit-Sir-appili

Royal C'inai

south (adjoining)

P P e r width, north,

adjoining (the property of) the lord of countries.

the bunk of the

gris.

II USH, X GAR u

Tigris

I I I U S H , L V G A R (lower length) east, adjoining Bît-SuUur-Gal-du.

Col. I Ellil,—the lofty lord, the ruler of heaven and earth, the prince, the lord of all, the king of the great gods, whose equal as a god does not exist in heaven and on earth, 5 upon the giving of whose command the Igigi prostrate themselves, reverently pay homage, and upon whose decision the Anunnaki wait in submissive awe, stand in humble fear, the lord of lords, the word of whose mouth 10

no god can set aside, the potentate of the Anunnaki, the lord of the blackheaded,

10

NUN.

" ni, fai.

" ut, lu tarn. 15

SAG.DU.

12

EN

13

K.4.

144

.4 .V£ir BOUNDARY STOXE OF ka-bit mâtâti1' mut-tar-ru-ú ba--ú-la-ti ilu sá melammi"-sú safcCiy-pu-ú nam-ri-ir-ri sa-'-nu M-ru-ru-sú ka-la si-h¡i-ip èa-ma-me

15 nap-har qin-ni-e u kal da-ad-me lit-bu-u5-ma sa-qumlt-mat-su mâtâti19 ka-at-ma be-lut-su la is-Sa-na-nu la um-dai-sa-lu ilu-su parC!)20-su-sú sit-ru-fiu billudu-l-iú síru sak-ku-sú rü-tu-ú al-ka-ka-tu-su

nak-la

20 mu-ma-'-ir samê(-é) u irsiti mii-kil mâtâti1' na-bu-ú rê'ïï22 ki-nu mu-ad-du-ú sa-kan irsiti a-na sat-ti ina mir13 pânû24-su damqûtï25 ina bu-ni-su nam-rù-H Nabû-kudurri2'-usur1'' rubû28 me-gir-su

d

muS-te-'-ú ás-ra-ti-su ki-nis

ip-pa-lis-ma

Col. I I a-na hrê'û22-ut

Sù-me-ri

u

mâtu

Akkadroki

a-na ud-du-us es-rit ma-foa-az da-[a]d-me ù sa-dar satuk30 E-kur u NippurSlki '»ukakku32 na-ki-ri-$ú ú-sib-bir-ma

,

5 sir-rit hnakri33-M qa-tu-us-Sú it-muh balât34 ûmê da-ru-ú-ti ü-ruq-sum-ma eli íarri a-lik ma^-ri ú-sa-tir íúm-su. Ina sa-dar satuki35 E-kur ina niqë*

" KUR.M ES. »· lum.

" PA+AN(GARZA). » SI.M ES.

him-du-li

"M[E].LAM. 10

"Sign

Text has ME, probably mistake of scribe.

"SIB. » SI.BIR.MES

"LAB»SA.DU

NEBUCHADREZZAR

145

I.

the sovereign of lands, the ruler of kingdoms, The god, whose splendor is overwhelming(?) and filled with brilliancy, with whose glory the whole extent of heaven, 15 all habitations and all dwellings are clothed, with whose majesty the lands are covered, whose rule cannot

be

rivalled,

whose

divinity

cannot be

equaled, whose decision is weighty, whose command is lofty, whose law is supreme, whose ways are wonderful, 20 who rules heaven and earth, who sustains the lands, who calls the faithful shepherd, who appoints the governor of the earth, forever,—with the light of his gracious countenance, with his shining face he looked faithfully upon Nebuchadrezzar,

the prince, his

favorite, who is devoted to his sanctuaries, and Col. I I that he might shepherd Shumer and Akkad, that he might renew the sanctuaries of the city of dwellings and regulate the tithes of Ekur and Nippur he broke the weapon of his enemy and 5 the sceptre of his enemy he placed in his hand, a life of eternal days he granted to him and above any preceding king he magnified his name. Because of the regulation of the tithes of Ekur, because of the magnificent sacrifices, " SES. » XUX. Original reads SA .SAG, mistake for SA .DUG.

30

'-»"KU. " SX.DUG.

10

"KUR (PAP). »SIGI S.

" URI. EN.L1L.KI.

S1

"TI.LA.

.4 NEW

146 ina igisê37

hab-su-ú-ti 3t

10 ina li-bi-en

M40 ana ina

ap -pi

d

En-lil

zu-ru-ub

u

BOUNDARY

STOS'E

ina na-kín3*-ti

mcûi-ri

sa a-na

d

bèli u mûr

md

Xusku-ib-ni

[UfJ.MEy.ZU.AB 1 5 [α]-/ια sarri

rê'î

ina ut-ni-ni-sú

ki-ni

laputtû

ki-nis

sarri

na-as-qu-ma

rubû51

Bâbili

ina qa-bi-e

S3

ma-a-ti

25 X X I I (gur)

170 (qa)

bu-tuq-ti

sa ultu48 3 0 absênu60

"

Bît- Sin-se-me

kissatv

,heu

zèru

eqlu

qi-ru-ba-a

Mâr-mAh,53-at-tu-ù-a nâru

Idiqlat's

ûmi(-mi)

ina pihât5»

pa-na

la sú-zu-za-at-ma

la sú-lu-ku-ú-ma

I[V]US

siddu

a-na

i-ku

la

a-na me-te-iq

elû amurrû61

Bît-mdSin-se-me sap-ku me-ris-ti saknus~*(-nu)

me

US.S

A.DU

SI.DI. " 6ar, mur. T e x t lias la, by mistake. 43 NU.AB. °KIL. « NU.TUR. "SI.Β AR. " TA. " NER.ARAD. 40

mafi-ri

saknu^i-nu)

ugâr*° âli sa ina kûâcF1

ina

ul-la

md

sàr

is-di

sá a-na

sa ultu

bêli-su

me-sa-ri

i2

Nabû-kudurri -usur

mu-kin

ki-zu-ú

i-bir 48

ú-ma-ir-ma

iar

d

En-lil

Uu-un-na

ia-kìn

me-gir-sú

DUR.AN.Kl

m

sú-zu-uz-zu

sohi

2 0 sakkanak

En-lil

d

me-gir

mär

mah-har

49

d

ippalis^-su-ma

Ba-ú-súm-iddina"(-na)

at-mu-sú

51

rubû

md

na-an-za-az

nisak42

45

Xusku

nisafcki42

sarri

Upah}iira-dXui-f-.

The last alternative seems to me to be the most

probable, especially as the most common word for law parsu (of which parsu is a synonym) would otherwise be wanting.

Moreover,

the insciiption contains other naccuracies (cf Col. II, 3,11 ; V, 10). Ht-ru-feu.

For other passages in which this word occurs see

Zimmern, G. G. Α., 1898, 826; Β. Α., λ', 311,1. 20; Muss-Arnolt ρ. 1137α.

Diet.,

168

A SEW

BOUS DA RY STOSE

bilhidûhi (GARZA.MES).

OF

The ρ'.tirai sign is only attached to

the singular in this case because plural happens to agree in form with the singular.

For this playful use of the plural sign see

Hilprecht, Assyriaca, p. 551. I, 19.

For similar glorifications of the " word " of the gods see

a hymn to Sin, IV R. 9, Col. I, 48-62; a hymn to Nergal, K. 69 (cf. Böllenrücher, Gebete und Hymnen, pp. 30-42), and the " w o r d " of Ellil and Marduk in the Reissner collection, see Macmillan, Β. Α., V, 539f.

A similar description of the law of Yahweh is found Ps.

19 :7-9. naklâ is perm., 3. pi. fem., agreeing with alkakâtu. I, 20.

With

muma'ir

p N l DOIT r u p p ' t y mukîl mâtâti.

samê

u irsiti,

cf. Gen. 14 : 24,

and Ezra 5 : 1 1 .

The verb kâlu is here used in the sense of uphold,

sustain, as, e.g., in IV R. 5, 37-39e, na-ptí-ti (Sin) sustains the life of the land."

mâti ú-kal-lu, " h e

Of Ishtar it is said: mukillat

napüti, Κ. 3,477, Obv. 19, cf. Β. Α., V, 592; cf. also the statement of JJammurabi, Code XL, 49,50, ina utlia niiê ukU.

The various meanings of

m6tu

$umêrim u Akkadim

are discussed by Meissner,

A. P., p. 138. I, 23.

With ana satti the various appositions to Ellil, extending

I, 1-23, come to an end.

With the next words the apodasis begins,

whose first predicate is ippalisma. ina BIR.Sl.MES.

In view of the paral'elism which char-

acterizes this hymn, we should expect, corresponding to bûnisu namrûti, a noun followed by an adjective, so that BIR.SI would be the ideogram of a word synonymous with bûnu.

This synonym

might be zîmu, for it occurs in parallelism with bûnu in V R. 61, Col. IV, 43-46, ina bu-ni-hi nam-ru-ti zi-me-su ru-iû-su-ti damqâli inâ(SI + II)-su ba-dis ip-pa-lis-su-ma.

In accordance with the

analogy of this sentence we should read: ina zîmêsu ina bûnûû namrûli.

damqûii

Over against these considerations we have the

y E HUCHA DREZZAR l.

169

expression in the O. T., Prov. 16 : 15, D'T? - f ? 3 Ps. 4 : 7; 44 : 4 ; 89 : 15 : 90 : 8. gram of nûru, " t h e light." Ina nur ¡xinû.h'i damqûti.

Now BIR

"TOO; cf. also

(as LAU)

is an ideo-

Hence it is equally possible to r e a d :

This reading I regard as preferable in

view of the Hebrew expression quoted above, and the absence of any evidence that BIR.SI II, 2.

is an ideogram for zîmu.

ei-rit is pl. cstr. = eirêt.

The phrase ana uddus e.irêti

is common in the inscription of Nebuchadrezzar II. (cf. p. 124). II, 3. $aq hi]>-)¥ir, mRé'ú pifiáti, mKn-nik-bàbi and perhaps m Bíl-bahnC-, unless the latter is abbreviated. t For this rendering of the ideogram dKUR.GAL see Clav, Β . E., X , p. 8, .and the hvpocoristieon A-mur-ri-ia, which exchanges with dK.UR.GA L-ëriè in Peiser, Urkunden aux der Zeit der dritten babylonischen Dynastie, Berlin, 1905, p. 4 1 . J The most common writing is Ar-di-dBîl, cf. Tallquist. Ν. Β., p. 12, although the form Ar-du-dXusku also occurs. See Clay, Β . Ε., X V , 27, note 5.

202

Λ .VETV BOUXDARY

11. f. of Bi-ra-a, D. E. P., VI, 44, I, 13. 12. f. of Vballit-su-dGu-la, V R. 56, 19. 13. f. of Itii-dMarduk-balâtu, III R. 41, I, 13; Neb. Nippur, I I I , 14. 14. f. of d.Xabù-rà'im-zíru, I R. 66, II, 14. 15. f. of ¿Xabú-zir-lUir, Neb. Nippur, V, 24. 16. f. of Er-ba-dMarduk, C. T., Χ, pl. I I I , 29. 17. f. of Ardi-dXabû, London, 102, VI, 21. 18. f. of dXabû-za-kir-èumu, V. Α. 2663, V, 3. Ardi-dGu-la s. of Kal-bi, V R. 56, 21. Ardi-dlitar(RI) B. of Ellil-zêr-ke-ni, I I I R. 43, I, 25. Ardi-dMarduk(SU) f. of Mu-ial-lim-dMarduk, London, 102, IV, 7. Ardi-dXabû s. of Ardi-dE-a, London, 102, VI, 20. A rdi-dNa-na-a 8. of Mudammiq(-iq)-dRammûn, I R, 66, II, 13; V R. 56, 13; Stone of Amrân I I [1], Ardi-nu-bat-ti, " T h e child of the nubattu d a y " (cf. Ardu-ûmu 3 etc., Clay, Β. E., XV). f. o(dSama$-nâdin-Sumu, Susa 3,1,31. Ardi-dSibitti s. of A l-rat-taê, London, 102, I [10], 19, 20, 23, 33; II, 38; III, 1, 10, 16: IV, 13, 31; VI, 2, 7, 9, 11. Arkót (EGIR.MES)-ilâni-damqâti (BIR.ME). g. of dNabû-ile'UDA), V. Α. 2663, V, 10. Ar-ra-ku-tu f. of Ina-eié-êfir, V. Α. 209,1, 4.

STOSE

OF

A-iab-hí (abbreviated, cf. Tûb-a-iab-hi, Clav, Β. E., XV, 44) f. of dXabû-ahu-ni, V. Α. 208, 51. A-ia-ri-du (abbreviated, cf. Bíl-asaridu, Talquist, Ν. Β.) in Bit-">A-èa-ri-du, V. Α. 208, 45. dASiur(ijI)-aà-iddina iarru, C. T., X, pl. V, 6. dAi&ur-bân(KA K)-aplu(A) iar kiiiati, C. T., X, pl. IV, 11. At-na-ai f. of dXabú-apal-iddina, C. T., X, pl. III, 1, 10, 20, 22. A l-rat-tai f. of Ardi-dSibitti, London, 102, I, 11, 15, 19, 31, 32; I I I , 6, 21; IV, 15, 31, 37; VI, 2, 7. A t-ta-ilu-ma 1. f. of dSamai-nâdin-èumu, V R. 56, 17. 2. f. of dSamai-ium-lüir, London, 101, II, 9. A-tu-'-ú s. of Ki-dii(dai), Neb. Nippur. V, 14. Ha-bi-la-ai(-ú) s. of dSin-lüir, hîaqû, I R. 66, II, 8 ; I I I R. 43, II, 1. Ba-la(-su (abbreviated, cf. dBii-balâ (suiqbì, Tallquist, Ν. Β.) s. of It-tab-ii, V. Α. 209, II, 21. Ba-ni-ia (hypocor.) 1. s.of E-fi-ru, V. A.209, IV, 27 ;V, 17. 2. s. of Kan-dar-iam-(Ú)-H, Χ, Α. 208, 28. d Bâniti(KAK-li)-criS (P/.Y-eS)* s. of Ulûlai, V. Α., 209, II, 18. Ba-ri-ki-ilu (cf. Hebr. C. T., X, pl. VI, 21. dBa-ú-aii-iddina(-na) 1. a. of Ni-ga-zi, I R. 66, II, 9. 2. tupiarru, London, 101, I, 19. dBa-ù-iùm-iddina(-na) s. of Hu-un-na, V R. 56, 18; Neb. Nippur, II. 17, 30; III, 9, 30

* Thus according to a suggestion of Dr. Ungnad.

XEBUCHADREZZAR Β η-zi (cf. city Ras.). 1. f. of E-ul-maS-surqi-iddina, I I I R. 43, I, 30. 2. f. of Kai-Su-ú-mukín-aplu, London, 102, V I , 17. 3. in Bil-mRa-zi, D . E . P., V I , 42,1, 14; and perhaps in C. T., I X , pl. V, 24, instead of BU-mMa-zi. Be-la-ni (abbreviated, cf. dBéi-b(i-a-ni, Strassmaier, Xeb., 135, 15) f. of Ri-mu-ti and Tab-nu-ti, London, 103, II, 16; I I I , 3, 10, 12, 32, 44. dBH-ahi-erba(SU) Wa-ku Biibili, V. A. 2663, I I I , 36; I V , 5 0 ; V , 34. Bi'l-am-ma mâr h is pari, V. A. 2663, IV, 29. Bil-ana-mâti-su (abbrev. from perhaps ¡S(l-iiiiu->iiiíti-Su-uttr) V. A. 2663, I I I , 44. dBfl-n (hvpocor., of. Mar-duk-a, B. E., X . 55). s. of dSamai-erii(PlN), V. A. 208, 50. Bil-bahnc(BVR.RA) (cf. Br. 98 and 334), " T h e lord of serpents." s. of Ardi-dE-a, Snsa 16, I I I , 4. dBi'l-ipui(KA K-ui) V. A. 208, 22. dBü-er-ba s. of Ku-ri-gal-zu, V. A. 208, 27. dBii-iddina{-na) 1. s. of Si-gu-ú-a, C. T., X, pl. V I I , 50. 2. s. of dXabû-zêr-iddina{-na), V. Α. 208, 1, 14, 18, 49. d Bel - ile'i ( DA )-kalámi( KA K.A.B1), "Bèi is all powerful." s. of E-sag-ila-ai, C. T., X , pl. V I I , 48. dBcl{1)-ili-in hsa pan êkalli, C. T., X , pl. V I I , 43. dBél-m u-sal-l im hbáríi, Ο. Β. I., 149, I, 16. dBél-ium-iikun{¡ÍA-un) in Bît-ndRil-sum-iskun, V. Α. 209, 111,6,21.

I

203

dBíl-ú-sa-tu, " B è i is help." s. of I-bu-nu, V. Α. 209, I I , 15; I V , 2, 6, 13.

dBéUú-sip-pi, " B e l I implored." mar hbtirû, V. Α. 209, V, 18. dBêl-u$abSi(GAf^-èi), " B è i has called into existence." kXI.SUR, V. A. 209, I I I , 3, 20. Bi-e-a s. of Sú-la-a, V. A. 209, IV, 9. Bi-ra-a (cf. Bi-ri-ia, Clay, Β. E., X V ) s. of Ardi-dE-a, D. E. P., 44,1, 43. "'BU-dar("!)-da-ri-ib-nu f. of dXabû-zir-ib-nu V. A. 209, I I . 23.

">Bît-di-bi-na London, 101, I I , 4. Z}¿-íj7[-(Ui-bit-la, Neb. Xippur, I I I , 5. Uz-bi-d . . . . D. E. P., VI, 43,11,14. Ú-zib-dEUil hsukkaUu, Susa 16, I I I , 20.

* To this translation Prof. Hilprecht remarks: " I t is doubtful to me whether the use of the ideogram in the passage quoted from Β. Ε., X V , is sufficient to prove the writing with ' b , ' aiábu, 'to dwell.' In view of Sum-ili-a-Sip-ú-ui it is not impossible that the scribe mixed the ideograms for aiábu and aiâpu (the latter also pronounced aMbu in Babylonian), so that the old translation, 'Good is the exorcism (aiábu = aiâpu) of Marduk,' would stand after all." t The goddess Gula is meant, cf. her name UG-ti) li-ir-te-id-du-êù, I I I R. 41, II, 37. ΠΠΰ, t¡bú, approach. I, 1 prêt., a-na ni-H-iú ai if-tó, Susa, 16, V I , 19; ma-bar ¡arri bêli-iû ihäi-ma, Ο. Β. I., 83,1, 19.

274

A NEW

BOUNDARY

Ö'B, ftfu, mire. qátá-iu fi-fa li-ru-ba, V R. 56, 58; ni-is-fai ia fi-i-fi, extract of the clay (tablet), C. T., IX, pl. V, 42. (uppii, tablet. i-na ka-na-ak li-ú u tup-pi eqli, Susa, 16, III, 11, 15; i-na ka-nak tup-pi hi-a-tu, I R. 66, II, 5; abnu i-na ka-nak tuppi(DUB) H-a-tu, C. T., X, pl. III, 23; V. Α., 208, 48; i-na ka-nak tuppi(IM.DUB) U-aAu, V. Α., 209, II, 11; V, 13; ina ka-nak fuppi{lM) himátu(MU.MES), V. Α., 2663, IV, 56; C. T., X, pl. VII, 41 ; fuppâni a-na feurSa-an xl-tu-^ra-ai-Sú-nu-tim-ma, London, 103, IV, 38; V, 14; tup-pi ziUUffA.LA), V. Α., 208, 1; h fupSar ía-tir ^"(uppu^DUB), V Α., 208, 52; tup-pi eqli, V. Α., 208, 32; fup-pi bar-mu, V. Α., 2663, V, 50; tuppa{IM.DUB)iu ku-nu-uk-ma bi-in-ni, V. Α., 209, I, 14; tuppu(IM.DUB) btti ar-ku-ú u ma¿-ru-ú, V. Α., 209, I, 24; tuppu(IM.DUB) la ta-a-ru u la da-ba-bu ik-nu-ukma, V. Α., 209, IV, 13, 36. (For the reading íuppu cf. Hebr. -»DSD; Sab. ηα (Hommel, Aufsätze, p. 141) ; see also Zimmern, Κ. A. T.·, p. 400«, and Hilprecht, Β. E., XX, Pt. 1, p. 17'). (upSikku, forced labor. ü-ki fup-H-ki, C. T., IX, pl. V, 38; aí-(fu) du-up-H-ki, III R. 45, No. 2, 2 (cf. tu-up-H-kam and tu-upH-kara-ti, O. B. I., Vol. I, No. 84, ools. II, 58; III, 5, 22). (npSarru, scribe (Hebr. "ODD). fup-iariamâti, London, 101,1,19; fup-far iarri, Susa, 16,11,9; tupiar, Susa, 16, III, 5; Neb. Nippur, V, 18; O. B. I., 149, I, 16,17; (Nabû) fup-iar E-sag-Ua, D. E. P., VI, 46, IV, 4; fup-iar

STONE

OF

ia-ti-ir abnunari an-ni-i, V R . ainu 56, 25; h fup-iar ia-fir fuppu(DUB), V. Α., 208, 28, 52; V. Α., 209, II, 22; hfup-iar ëkalli, V. Α., 2663, V, 15. IIB, (arftdu, drive away. I, 2, limi(-mi) id na-ka-da ar-bi id ii-fa-ru-da, days that pass quickly(?), months that hurry on(?), IV R. 1 38, II, 21. IV, 1 prec., abulli áli-Su ka-mei liftor-rid, may he be driven away, Susa, 16, VI, 16; ina páni-iu lim-nii if-ta-ra-du, V. Α., 2663, II, 36. Τ , idu, side. α-ηα i-di li-mut-ti iz-za-az-zu-ma, III R. 41, II, 1 ; a-na i-di ramni-iu-nu ú-tir-ru-ma, they turned them (the fields) to their own use, C.T.,X, pl.V, 5 ; a-na i-di ram-niéu ú-tar-ru, C. T., X, pl. VI, 34. Κ,Τ, ¡dû, to know. II, 1 perm., iú-ba-tum-iú-nu ud-da-a, whose seats are made visible, iú-ba-at-hi-nu ud-da-a, Susa, 3, VII, 30; ei-ri-tu-Sú-nu ud-da-a, IV R.» 38, III, 31; iu-ba-tu-hinu ud(J)-da-a, D. E. P., IV, pi. 16, II, 7; ni-ii-ir-ti gi-if-fa-a-lu ud-da[a], C. T., X, pl. VII, 34. III, 1, ú-Se-id-di-Sú-nu-ti, inform, London, 103, I, 35; ú-ie-id-di, London, 103, II, 6; abi-hi i-iaLma ú-iá-ad-di-ma, London, 103, V, 3 (cf. UV). mûdû, intelligent. Id mu-da-a, a witless man, London, 103, V, 42; Susa, 3, V, 50; Suea, 16, IV, 27; Susa, 14, II, 16; I R. 70, II, 23; V. Α., 2663, V, 2β; mu-du-u kal Sipari, who understands everything, V. Α., 2663, II, 49. DI', Amu, day, passim. ûmisamirLa, daily. ûmi(-mi)-iam-ma, I R. 70, III, 23.

NEBUCHADREZZAR

/.

275

033, kab&su, tread, walk. I, I prêt., ri-bi-it âli-sû ai ik-bu-us, riusa, 3, VII, 4; part., (áumalia) Sarri, V R. 55, 26, 36. ka-bi-sa-at kup-pa-a-ti, V II. 56, eséru, form, sculpture. 47. II, 1 perm., ú-su-ra-tu-iu-nu u.s-?itII, I prec., mi-sir-sú li-ka-bis, I I I R . ra, Susa, 3, VII, 34; D. E. P., 41, II, 28; li-kab-bi-sa scpá-iú II, 113, 21; D. E. P., IV, pi. 16, I R. 70, IV, 15; si-ir bi-ra-a li11,8. kab-bi-sa (dual) se-pa-iú, I I I R. ufurtu, picture, bas relief. 43, IV, 6. pl., ú-su-ra-tu-su-nu us-su-ra, Susa, 3, VII, 33; D. E. P., II, 113, 21; Π33, kabtu, heavy, mighty. ka-bit mâtûti, Xeb. Nippur, I, 12; usura t i (GIS .¡J .1 R)-sú-nu its-suf., ü-ru-ba-a mûli(BAD-ti) an ra, D. E. P., IV, pl. 16, II, S. ka-bit-ta, a serious condition, ia-a-Si, m e . Susa, 16, VI, 14; bilat(GUN)-su iu-ú ia-a-iï la u-qal-la-la, Sus.i, 3, kabiltim(DUGUD-tim), V. Α., IV, 28. 2663, II, 15; ¡e-rit-su kabitΠ2Γ, Uû, have. tu(OUGUD-tu), V. Α.. 2663 V, 1, I prêt., Hninu la(NU) üú(TUK), 42. relat., V R. 55, 23; i-na i-lik kabittu, mind. "·•'"" Xa-mar LH(AX.TUK-i) nu-gu ka-bit-li nu-mur lib-bi, Neb. gab-bi-èû, V R. 56, 6; lil-li ai Nippur, IV, 10; ú-sa-li-is kabIii, Neb. Nippur, IV, 14; na-data-as-su-nu, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 31. na ul i-si-ma, London, 102, IV, A KAD, title of an official. 19; ru-gu-um-ma-a là i-sú-u, London, 101, I, 22. pl., London, 102, IV, 3 4 ; s a . . . la [i']-.s!Í-u tam-Sil-su, V.A., 2663, kidûdê, temples, shrines. a-na ud-du-iu [es-]rii . . .u sulII, 32; ru-gam-ma-a ul i-Si, V. lum ki-du-di-e, V. Α., 2663, I I , Α., 209,1, 28; II, 39; I I I , 15, 27; 24. V, 1. p 3 , kidin(n)u, protection. asâru, to be right. çâbè ki-di-nu, clients, V. Α., 2663, III, 2, di-in-íú la uì-te-es-se-ru, may I I I , 1 1 , 2 4 , 32. they not let his cause succeed, London, 103, VI, 10; part., "Π3, kudurru, boundary stone. dXabû-nâsir-kudur-eqlûti, Susa, 2, muè-le-Si-ru te-ni-Se-e-li, the ruler IV, 34; bel ku-dur-ri, London, of mankind, V. Α., 2663, I, 12. 103, VI, 11; D. E. P., II, 113, 3; iSaru, righteous. bel mi-if-ri ù ku-dur-ri, Ο. Β . I., f., ^uhat(u(P.-i) i-Sar-ti, V. Α., 149, 111,2; I I I R. 41, II, 27; D. 2663, I, 34. E. P., IV, pi. 16, I, 7; Neb. méSaru, righteousness. Nippur, IV, 19; ku-dur-ri eqlu di-in me-èa-ri, V R. 55, 6; di-in íú-a-tu, London, 103, V, 39; kit-ti u me-Sa-ri, Neb. Nippur, kudurra-iu lissuh(ZI-uff), Neb. IV, 18; iàr me-sa-ri, Neb. NipNippur, IV, 19; ku-dur-ra-[êu] pur, IV, 18; èanâti mi-la-ri, O. li-is-su-hu, IV R. 3 38, I I I , 35; Β. I., 83, II, 19. ku-dur-ra-éú li-is-su-uU, I I I R· kabábu, burn. 41, II, 27; ku-dur-ri αη-ni-i, I, I pres., i-kab-ba-bu ki-i i-Sa-ti, V London, 103, VI, 21; I R. 70, R. 55, 17 IO', imittu, right hand. èà **uma-¡a-ra-iú bít(?)

i-mit-ti

276

A Λ'£ΊΓ BOUNDARY

I I , S; lisa mi-if-ra ù ku-dur-τα, I I I R . 43, I I I , 20; IV 2; I R. 70, II, 13; us-su mi-fir-iú u ku-durra-iu, I R. 70, IV, 4; ku-dur-ra ú-na-ka-ru, Ο. Β. I., 150, II, 1; kudurri(SA.DU)-ii-na nu-ukku-ru-ma, V. Α., 2663, III, 21; ku-dur-ra ú-na-ak-ka-ru, Susa, 16, IV, 19; ku-dur-ra-ia ul uita[k-k]ar, O. Β. I., 83, II, 2; kudur-ra-ia ut-tak-kir, O. Β. I., 83, II, 5; li-bu-tu ku-dur-ra-hí, V R. 56, 40 ; ku-dur-ra-iu li-na-qir, London, 103, VI, 12; be-tl ab-li éu-tt-mi ù ku-dur-ri, Susa, 3, VII, 8; áúm fcu-dur-[ri], London, 101, I, 1; dXIX.IB u dXusku mu-kin ku-dur-ri éumi£u(MU.XE), Neb. Nippur, heading 2; a-na ku-dur da-ra-a-ti, Susa, 3, I I I , 53; pl., bel ku-dur-ri-e-ti, I I I R. 43, IV, 19; na-?ir ku-dur. ri-ti, V R. 55, 5. kâlu, hold, sustain. II, 1 part., mu-kil mâtâti, Neb. Nippur, I, 20. 013, kûm, prep., instead of. ku-um 887 kaspê, London, 102, IV, 29. k£mu, place, instead of. ki-mu eqlu la i-nam-di-na-aü-himma (kîmû· = ina kêmi), Susa, 3, IV, 48 ; eqlu ki-mu la ui-ta-anna-ai-ium-ma, Susa, 3, V, 13; ki-mu ur-qi-ti id-ra-nu, I I I R . 41, I I , 33; [kí}-mu-ú SE.Β AR la H-ri-ii, London, 102, II, 11; ki-mu-ü mê id-ra-na, London, 102, I I , 12. kummu, sanctuary. e-pii ku-um-mu ki-if-fi u si-ma-ku, V. Α., 2663, I I , 11. kftnu, establish, fix. II, 1 prêt., ii-fur-ma ü-kin, Susa, 2; Med., II, 11; a-na da-ra-a-ti ύ-ki-in-nu, relat., Susa, 3, V, 39; a-na mMu^un-na-bit-ti ú-kin-nu,

STOXE

OF

Susa, 16, I I , 12; ú-lcin kudurru, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 29; part., mukin ii-di ma-a-ti, Neb. Nippur, I I , 24; V. Α., 2663, II, 44; C. T . , X, pl. IV, 13; mu-ki-in ku-dur-ri da-ra-ti, I I I R. 41, heading 2, 11,40; mu-kin-nuab-li-e,\ R.55, 5; "XIX.IB u "Xusku mu-kin ku-dur-ri, Neb. Nippur, heading 2. kínu, faithful. ré'û kênu(G/.XA), V. Α., 2663, I I , 25; ri'û ki-nu, Neb. Nippur, I, 21; rt'î ki-ηί, Neb. Nippur, I I , 15; an-na-iú ki-i-nu, Susa, 3, VII, 48; pl., èùr ki-na-a-ti, king of justice, V R . 55, 6. klniS, faithfully. ki-nii ip-pa-lis-ma, Neb. Nippur, I, 24; ki-nii ippalis(Sl.BAR)su-ma, Neb. Nippur, I I , 16; ki-nii lip-pal-sa-íú-ma, Ο. Β. I., 83, I I , 16; ki-nii ut-tu-ú-ma, V. Α., 2663, I, 24; Sum-Su ki-nii iru-bu-u, V. Α., 2663, II, 5 5 ; ki-nü Ú[-'-al-]5«, C. T., X, pl. V, 11. kittu, righteousness. ki-it-ta ir-tam-ma, Susa, 3, IV, 53; ki-it-te iz-zi-ir-ma, Susa, 3, V, 20; kit-ta ra\am], Ο. Β. I., 83, I I , 23. mukinnu, witness. an-nu-tu mu-kin-nupl, V. Α., 209 V, 20. kizû, bodyguard, servant. na-an-za-az malí-bar iarri ki-zu-úr Neb. Nippur, I I , 18. '3, kl, as. frí-i] a-na]-ku, Susa 3, IV, 1; ki-i pi-i, according t o the word, Susa, 3, IV, 13, 34, 44; V, 10; I I I R. 43, I, 10, 22; London, 102, I I I , 10; ki-i pi-i airi(DIR), as earnest money, V. Α., 209, I, 15; ki-i pi-i aUu, V. Α., 209, IV, 33; ki-i mê, I R . 70, IV, 8 ;

SEBUCHADREZZAR (ú-ri-im ki-i limutli(-ti), Susa, 3, V, 4 2 ; ki-i purimi, London, 102, I, 47; ki-i I MA(-XA), for, V. Α., 208, 38; ki-i iiqlu kaspi, London, 102, IV, 23, 24, 2 5 ; V. Α., 209,1, 6; I I , 36; bí/α ki-i(\) biti, house for house, V. Α., 209, I , 10, 2 0 ; ki-i utenii(l-ii), alike, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 28. kiAm, thus. ki-a-am iq-bu-ú, D. E . P., I I , 93, I I , 17; V. Α., 209, IV, 18; ki-am iq-bi, London, 103, I V , 2 1 ; ki-a-am iq-bi um-ma, London, 102, IV, 2 0 ; VI, 9 ; C. T . , X , pl. V, 11; V. Α., 209, I , 5 ; IV, 6 ; ki-a-am iq-bi-su, (). li. I., 83, I, 19; ki-a-am iS-kun, Susa, 3, I I , 8. kima, as. ki-ma me-e, Susa, 3, V I I , 25; D. E . P., IV, pi. 16, I I , 4 ; I I I K . 43, IV, 18; London, 102, I I , 23; Neb. Nippur, IV, 21; Susa, 2, I I I , 34; I I I K . 41, I I , 31; ki-ma Si-ti-ir Sami(-e),IV R.: 38,II,27; ki-ma su-ba-ti, Susa, 3, V I , 49; ki-ma ú-ma-am si-ri, Susa, 3, V I I , 1 ; ki-ma (rupurimi, I I I R . 41, I I , 18; V. Α., 209, V, 11; ki-ma lu-ba-ri, I I I l ì . 43, IV, 8 ; ki-ma ili, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 41; abnukunuksu-pur kima (GlM) ki(DUB)-hi, V. Α., 208, 5 5 ; V. Α., 209, I I , 27. kalíkii. weapon. ukakku(KU)-iú-nu kul-lu-mu, iíUkakkc-íú-nu Susa, 2, I I I , 20; ku-ul-lu-mu, Susa, 3, V I I , 31 ; ina kakki, V lt. 55, 9 ; ú-Satba-a Wkakké-Sü, V l t . 55, 13; ka-ak-ke-íú li-íe-bir, I I I R . 43, I V , 22. 3*73. kalbu, dog. ki-ma kalbi(UR.KU), I I , 24.

I I I R . 41,

I . ΓΠ3, kalû,drive forward(?).

277

/.

II, 2, V"ma-Sá-ra-Sú

uk-til-la,

V R.

55, 27, 37. II. ÎT7D, kalû, end, cease. I, I prec., ina limutti(-ti)

li-ik-la,

London, 101, IV, 14. kala, all. e-til-ti-it ka-la be-li-e-ti, Susa, 3, V I I , 17; ka-la si-fci-ip Sa-ma-me, Neb. Nippur, I, 14; ba-an ka-la, O. B. I., 83, I I , 17 ;mu-ummu ba-an ka-la, V Α., 2663, I I I , 5; iláni ka-li-èii-nu, Ο. Β . I., 149, I I I , 9 ; cstr., gi-mir kal daád-me, V Α., 2663, I, 2 3 ; kal da-ad-me, Neb. Nippur, I , 15; mu-du-u kal sip-ri, V. Α., 2663, I I , 49; iàr kal iarrúni, C. T . , X , pl. IV, 10. kalis, altogether. mu-ud-dU kalis aSráte(ASpl·), V. Α., 2663, I I , 7. kullu, denial(?), end(?). lu-u-di-in kul díni(DI)-su, I R. 70, I I I , 16; lu-ú-di(-in) kul dini(DI)-¡ú-ma, I I I 11.43, I V , 11. kallû, name of an official (cf. p. 177). kal-li-e Harri, V R . 55, 51; kal-li-e nari u ta-ba-li, Neb. Nippur, I I I , 26; kal-li nuri kal-li ta-ba-li, C. T., I X , pl. V, 33; kal-li-e nâri kal-li-e ta-ba-li, I R . 66, I , 6, 7 ; ka-al-li-e nûri ka-al-li-e ta-ba-li, I I I R . 45, No. 2, 2. kallatu, bride. dGu-la kal-lat E-èar-ra, D. E . P., I I , 113, 13; V R . 56, 39; kallat(E.GE.A) ">Tâb-a-Sab-dMarduk, I R . 7 0 , 1 , 1 5 ; kal-lat-i-èu la mßu-ru-ia, London, 102, I , 28; kal-lat-ki, London, 102, I , 35. , kilallân, roundabout. Sarráni ki-lal-la-an ip-pu-M tafcázi, V R . 55, 29. kullatAn, everywhere. kul-la-tan niée i-fii-if, V. Α., 2663, I , 20.

278

A NEW

BOUNDARY

oSa. kalAmu, see. II, 1 prec., nam-ra-fa li-kal-lim-Suma, Neb. Nippur, IV, 23; perm., kakkê-iù-nu kv^ul-lumu, Susa, 3, VII, 32; kul-lu-mu, Susa, 2, I I I , 20; ú-{kal-lim], D. E. P., II, 93, II, 10. « S a , IV, 1, look upon. i-na ag-gi lib-bi-éú-nu li-ik-kil-muSii, London, 103, VI, 2; i-na buni-Sú-nu iz-zurú-ti li-ik-ki-el-muhi-ma, Susa, 3, VI, 25; iz-zi-ií lik-kil-mu-Sú, IV R. J 38, III, 32; D. E. P., VI, 47, 2; V R. 56, 38; I I I R. 41, II, 14; I R. 70, III, 11 ; 0 . B. I., 149, II, 19. I. kamû, enclose. II, 1 perm., ku-um-ma 696 Sanóte, 696 years had passed, Ο. Β. I., 83, I, 8 (but see Winckler, Forschungen, I, 1303, 267'; Jensen, Ζ. Α., VIII, 221'). kamâtu, enclosure, wall. Una ka-mat âli-Su, Susa, 16, VI, 17; I I I R. 41, I I , 18; I R. 70, I I I , 20; Ο. Β. I., 149, I I I , 8; V. Α., 209, V, 12. kameí, bound, captive. abuUi úli-íú ka-mei lif-fa-rid, Susa, 16, VI, 16. I I . HD3, kimtu, family. i-na al¡é mûrê kimli {IM.RI.A), I R. 70, II, 2; I I I R. 43, I I I , 3; London, 102, I, 30; IV, 37; V. Α., 208, 43 (IM.RI) ; V. Α., 209, I, 32. , kammalu, anger. ina na-fa-al ka-am-ma-li, Susa, 3, VI, 36. kimiltu, anger. l a ki-mil-tui ( = ina kimilti-èu) ù-bu-su, V. Α., 2663, I, 18. Π33, kinttu, female servant. pl., ar-di-en u ki-na-a-ti, I R . 70, II, 4. till, kan&Su, subject.

STONE

OF

II, 1 prêt., ύ-kan-ni-Su a-na ur-ti-hi, V. Α., 2663, I, 39. Kisiltmu, Kislev, ninth month. V. Α., 208, 53. 1D3, kaspu, silver. London, 103, I I I , 22; I I I R . 41, I , 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27; London, 102, I I I , 25, 26; IV, 23, 24, 25, 27; V. Α., 208, 46; C. T., X, pl. V, 2; V. Α., 209, I, 6, 15, 21; II, 3, 4; IV, 5, 19, 20, 32, 33. 103, kisurni, boundary. ki^sur-ri-H-na im-ma-iu-ma, V. Α., 2663, III, 19. 133, kapâdu, plan, devise. I, I pres., mim-ma a-ma-at limutti{-ti) i-ka-ap-pa-du, Susa, 16, V, 10; áa lìb-bu-u$-Su i-kap-pu-du limutta, V. A. 211, I I I , 3. I, 2, Sa a-na epéS ta(¡ázi kit-pu-da e-mu-qa-Su, whose forces are devoted to battle, V R. 55, 7. kuppu, spring. pl., ka-bi-sa-at kup-pa-a-ti, Y R . 56, 47. ki$$u, dwelling, temple. e-piS ku-um-mu ki-iç-pi u si-ma-ku, V. Α., 2663, I I , 12; pl., adi eqli ki-i?-ía-a-ti Sa i-na libbi Na-rani-e, D. E. P., VI, 42,1, 6. kirû, garden. álu ßu-[ru-Sa] i-din, London, 102, VI, 11; inf., nada-an kaspi, Susa, 14, I, 14; nordan ur-li-iú, Neb. Nippur, I, 5; la na-da-ni, V R. 55, 56, 57; eqlu ul na-dan i-qa-bu-ú, I I I R. 43, III, 6; na-da-na ul i-H-ma, London, 102, IV, 19; na-da-nar London, 102, VI, 11; o-no nadan eqlâti, V. Α., 2863, I I I , 10; perm., ul na-din-mi i-qab-bu-ú, London, 103, V, 38; London, 101, III, 1; I R. 70, II, 17; ul na-di-in ul ma-^iAr-mi i-qabbu-ú, Neb. Nippur, IV, 1 ; bUâti iú-a-tu ul nadinû(SE MES)-ma kaspu ul ma-fair, V. Α., 209, I I , 3; kaspu ul nadin(SE-in), London, 102, IV, 39; eqlu ul nardin, V. Α., 208, 46; ia a-na Hmi eqli nad-nu(T), London, 102, IV, 23; ia a-na mße-la-ni na-ad-nu, London, 103, III, 4 ; a-na iîmi na-ad-nu-ma, London, 103, III, 45; ia a-na bêl mâtâli

NEBUCHADREZZAR nadnu(SE-ntt), Ne b. Nippur, I I I , 5. 2, arad-su . . . i-ta-ad-di-nu, III, l i . 43, edge IV, 6; it-ta-din, London, 102, IV, 14; èarru it-tadin, C. T., X, pl. I I I , 6. nadinflnu, seller. na-di-na-an eqli, Susa, 16, II, 23; na-din-an, London, 102, I I I , 3. nidintu, nidittu, gift. ul ni-di-it-ti èarrâni, Susa, 16, I V , 20; ul ni-di-it-ti Harri, Susa, 14, I I , 12; I I I R . 41, II, 7; O. B. I., 149, I I , 7; eqlu ul ni-di-it èarri, I I I R . 43, edge IV, 2 ; èa ni-din-ti èù-a-tu ú-éa-an-nu-ú, Ο . Τ . , Χ , pl. V I I , 33; ul ni-din-ti èarri-im-ma i-gab-bu-[i¡], C . T . , X, pl. V I I , 35. nudunnû, dowry. it0)-ti mu-lu-gi ù nu-dun-ni-e, London, 102, I, 16. " J , naz&zu, s t a n d . I, I pres., iz-za-az-zu, are present, Susa, 16, I I I , 23; I R . 66, II, 16; I I I R . 41,11, 1; D . E . P., VI, 43, I I , 19; C. T., X , pl. I I I , 3 0 ; London, 102, IV, 10; I R. 70, I I , 9 ; iz-za-zu, Neh. Nippur, V, 2 5 ; iz-za-zi, V. Α., 2663, V, 15; izzazû(DU .MEÜ-zu), V R . 56, 24; London, 101, I I , 11; prec., ina pa-rik-ti li-iz-zis-su, with violence proceed against him, I R . 70, I I I , 17; inf., i-na nazúzi ('GUB.BA), I I I R . 43, I, 29; I I , I, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 24, 26, 28, 29; i-na nazúzi{GUB-zi) èa ahê-iu, London, 102, I, 25. I l l , I prêt., ma-bar ili-éú uí-zi-iz, before his god he set up, Susa, 2 ; Med., I, 5 ; perm., Sú-zu-uz-zu ina mah-ri èakkanak Bôbili, (whose word) had standing before t h e p o t e n t a t e of B., Neb. N i p p u r , I I , 19; abiênu(AB.SIM) la ¡Úzu-za-at-ma, vegetation had n o t grown up, Neb. Nippur, I I , 30. 19

I.

IV, I perm., na-zu-uz-zu

289 èa-ah-tiâ,

Neb. Nippur, 1 , 8 . uSuzzu, stand. IV, 2, ni-is-qu èa rabúti sisé it-ta-èiiz-zu, the excellence of t h e horses stood still, i.e., disappeared, V R. 55, 20; it-ta-ii-iz i-na li-ti, he stood in might, i.e., he triumphed, V R. 55, 42. manzazu, nanzazu (p. 172), highest dignitary. ma-an-za-az pân($I) èarri. D . E . P., II, 97, 13; na-an-za-az mafi-har èarri, Neb. Nippur, I I , 18 (rf. Nabû-shum-ishkun, edge 7, il/>n i ma-Ui ina eli nari an-ni-i èurèu-du na-an-za-zu; IV R . ' 31*, No. 1(c), Col. I I I , 11, ti-ru u na-an-za-¿[u]). ''Na-tjas-sl-pa-ni. Susa, 16, I, 32. OTI3, nab&£u, be full. I, I, rui-ìui-ia fia-ba-ça li-kim-èù-mat. Neb. Nippur, IV, 10. nutjsu, abundance. èanûte dufi-di nu-ufi-èi ù hegalli (UÈ.G AL), Susa, 3, V, 18. StSJ, na(Alu, see. I, I inf., i-na na-fa-al ka-am-ma-lir Susa, 3, VI, 35; èi-ma-at la nafa-li, a f a t e of n o t seeing, i . e . , blindness, Susa, 3, V I I , 36; p a r t . , la na-fil èa pâni-èa, a s h o r t sighted m a n , V. Α., 2663, V, 2 6 (cf. Sippar tablet of N a b û - a p a l iddina, I, 12, la na-til ma-na-ma, not seeing anything). nutjatimmu, baker. h nubatimmu(MU),V. Α.,209,11,16. K'J, nl'u, enclose. I, 2, i-na lipitti it-te-'i, Susa, 3, V, 53. nu'u, weakling, feeble. nu-'-a gü-bab-ba, I I I R . 41, I I , 9 ; nu-'-a la pa-lib ilâni, V. Α . , 2663, V , 2 7 ; sak-la sak-ka nu-'-a, V, Α., 211, I I I , 9.

290

A NEW

BOUNDARY

STONE

OF

13J, nakâdu, pass quickly(?). naklru, enemy. úmi(-mi) ia na-ka-da erfti ia H-(a»ukakku na-ki-ri, London, 103, VI, TU-da, IV R.» 38, II, 20. 19; **ukakku na-ki-ri-iú ú-Hbbir-ma, Neb. Nippur, II, 4. , nakâlu, be skilful, wonderful. nakru, hostile, enemy. I, I perm., al-ka-ka-tu-hi nak-la, a-na nakri(KÛR) bêli-Su i-te-ru-ub, Neb. Nippur, I, 19. V R. 55,39 ; it-ta-rad a-na hnakri, naklu, skilful. parsu-u nak-lu, V. Α., 2663, II, 48. V R. 55, 38; çir-rU nakri-bi, Neb. Nippur, II, 5; hnakri-iu ina nikiltu, cleverness, mischief. páni-iu lim-niê if-far-ra-du, V. tí-zu-un ni-kil-tú, a mind of cleverΑ., 2663, II, 35; ummân(ZAB) ness, V. Α., 2663, III, 4; i-bannakri, V. Α., 2663, III, 16; pl., nu-ú ni-kil-tú, he practices misΐ-ηα nakru-ú-ti ù mu n-da&-fu-ti, chief, V. Α., 2663, V, 24; H-pir ni-kil-ti, by a mischievous deed, V R. 55, 46, 48. C. T., X, pl. VII, 36. namftru, shine. 033, nakintu, treasure (cf. p. 170). I, I pres., bit i-mit-ti iarri bêli-hi la ina na-kin-ti maji-ri dEn^lil, Neb. im-mir-iú-ma, V R. 55, 27, 37. Nippur, II, 9. II, I part., mu-nam-mir gi-mir e-kur033, nakAsu, cut off. re, who makes brilliant all I, 1 prec., lik-ki-sa ηα-αρ-ίαί-fsu], V temples, V. Α., 2663, II, 5. u R. 56, 57; inf., kirê u * iagnamru, shining. gulâni la na-ka-si, V R. 55, 60. ûmi-iu nam-ru, III R. 41, II, 20; II, I prec., lunakkisû (TAR.Μ E) pl., i-na bu-ni-iú nam-ru-ti, arkat(EGIR)-su, V. Α., 2663, V, Neb. Nippur, I, 22; C. T., X, pl. 47. III, 9; V. Α., 2663, III, 41; C. T., X, pl. V, 15. "Où, nak&ru, change. namerûtu, splendor. II, 1 pres., i-na aé-ri-iú ú-nak-ka-rud Sin bêl agê na-me-ru-ti, Neb. ma, London, 101, III, 3; ú-na-akNippur, IV, 13. ka-TU ú-bal-liq-qu, London, 103, numru, gladness. V, 43; ku-dur-ra ú-na-ak-ka-ru, nu-mur libbi, Neb. Nippur, IV, 10. Susa, 16, IV, 19; ku-dur-ra ú-nanainrir(r)u, glory. Jfco-ru, O. B. I., 150, II, 2; ιί-ηαni-ip-fiu nam-ri-ru, flaming disk, ka-ru ina hib-ti-íu, V. Α., 2663, Susa, 2, IV, 12; ilu ia melammiV, 28; perm., kudurriSi-na ίύ . . nam^i-ir-ri fa--nu, Neb. nu-uk-ku-ru-tna, V. Α., 2663, Nippur, I, 13. III, 22. oannaru, lamp. II, 2 pres., a-mat ki-bi-ti-ixí-nu la d Sin na-an^nar lamé eUûti, I I I R. ut-ta-ak-ka-ru, Susa, 3, VI, 22; 41, II, 16; dSin na-an-na-ru ku-dur-ra-ia id ui-ta[k-k]ar, O. α-üb iami(-e) eUûti, I R. 70, B.I., 83,11,2; prêt., ku-dur-ra-Sa III, 18; dSin nannara(dSES.KIut-tak-kir, Ο. Β. I., 83, II, 5. na-ra) iamé(-e) u irfitim(-tim), nakaru, enemy. V. Α., 209, V, 9. na-ka-ra a-iya-a la mu-da-a ú-ma-'a^ru-ma, I R. 70, II, 22; a-ia-am ((¿Ο], nlsû, depart, move away. na-ka-ra . . . um-ia-'-ir-ma, I, I pres., t-ni-ta-eu-u 3660 kai-bu Susa, 3, V, 48; lu na-ka(-ra) lu i-na e-muq dBêl(EN), V. Α.. a-ba, IV R.» 38, III, 10. 2663, I I , 36.

NEBUCHADREZZAR Misaba, grain. ki-mu dNisaba{SE.ELTEG) pugut-tu li-ik-nu-bi, III R. 41, II, 33; d\isaba !i-fial-li-ψι pu-qut-tu li-ü-mu-uh, I R. 70, IV, 12. riDJ, nasA|ju, tear out. I, 1 prec., ku-dur-ra-[iu] li-is-sii-fiu, IV R.' 38, III, 36; ku-dur-ra-U li-is-su-ufi, I U. 70, IV, 4 ; III R. 41, II, 27; li-is-sufc, London, 102, II, 16; kudurra-iu lissuh(ZI-ufi), Xeb. Xippur, IV, 19; üid-su li-is-su-fiu, I R. 70, I I I , 12; e-¡i-is-su li-is-su-l¡u, I I I R. 43, III, 27; üid-su lissuhû(ZI-bu), Xeb. Xippur, V, 7; [ilid-su] li-iz-zi-fiu, Susa, 16, VI, 2ò',pi-ri-ih,-iu li-is-su-ufiku, III R. 43, III, 29; pir'-iu li-is-au-ku, I). E. P., IV, pl. IG, II, 10; li-su-uh-éu-nuι, D. Ε. P., II, 115, 7; li-su-lhu-$ú-ma, D. E. P., II, 113, 22; inf., ηα-sah kudur-ri an-ni-i, I R. 70, II, 8. nisl]u, extract. a-na pi-i ni-is-fii ία ti-i-ti, C. T., IX, pl. V, 42. ^DJ, nasáku, appoint, put. I, I pres.,a-raa nâri i-na-su-ku (relat.), V R. 56, 36; a-na bàri i-na-as•su-fcu, I I I 11. 41, II, 11 ; London, 102, V, 2; part., na-sik ¡arrúni, V R . 55, 11. nisakku, priest. nisak(NU.AB) ili bèi bili, London, d 103, I, 47; nisak(NU.AB) EnIii, Neb. Nippur, II, 13; ina amát ¡arri nisakki, Neb. Nippur, II, 12; mKai-éú-ú pup-èar nisak (Ν IS AG.GA) BU-^Sin-Se-me, Neb. Nippur, V, 18. Ntsannu, first Babylonian month. 0. T., X, pl. III, 30. DD J, nissatu, lamentation. ni-is-sa-tu li-ilqi(¿U.TI)-iíú Neb. Nippur, IV, 12.

f.

291

pD3, nasâqu, respect. I, I perm., at-mu-sú na-as-qu-ma, Xeb. Xippur, II, 19. nasqu, noble. rubú na-a-du na-as-qu, V R. 55, 2; Sarru na-as-qu, V R. 55, 22. nisqu, excellence. ni-is-qu èa rabúti sisé, V R. 55, 20. A NI.SUR, title of an officiai. V. Α., 209, III, 20. n s j , napá(ju, kindle. IV, I, in-na-pi-ifi i-¡a-lu, V R. 55, 30. nipi)u, flaming rise (of sun). ni-ip-fiu nam-ri-ru, flaming sun disk, Susa, 2, IV, 12. A nappat)u, smith. V. Α., 209, III, 6, 21. napâsu, crush, destroy. I, 1 prec., lip-pu-su zêr-su, I R. 70, IV, 25. Nippurû, the Nippurian. sábc Xippurú(EN.LIL-ú), V R . 56, 3. t?3J, napUtu, soul, life. na-pü-ta-sú ki-ma mê lit-bu-uk, Susa, 2, III, 33; lik-ki-sa na-apSaí-[si¿], V R. 56, 57; nap-êa-luS li-bal-li, Neb. Nippur, IV, 4; na-fi(i-iS-ta-iu] aplê zéri-Sú li[halblií-qul O. Β. I., 149, II, 19. "WJ, nasdru, guard, protect. I, 1 part., dNabû ná?ir0ES) ku-dur eqlúti, Susa, 2, IV, 34; ilu na-firri-iú, Susa, 14, IV, 13; na-fir ku-dur-ri-ti, V R. 55, 5. 3pJ, naqbu, fountain. iar naqbê, D. E. P., VI, 43, IV, 4; (Rammân) bèi naq-bi u zu-un-ni, V R. 56, 41. np3, naqû, pour out water. I, 1 part., na-aq me-e, libator, Susa, 3, VII, 10; D. E. P., VI, 45, IV, 10; aplu ù n[a-a]ç mê, London, 102, II, 19; apil-iu na-qa mê li-ie-li, I I I R. 43, IV, 20. niqû, libation. ina niqê(SIGlS) ium-du-li, Neb. Nippur, II, 8.

292

A NEW

BOUNDARY

"*pJ, oaqâru, destroy. I, 1 prec., ku-dur-ra-bi li-na-qir, London, 103, VI, 12; pres., ú-ia-aq-qa-ru i-na-aq-qa-ru, IV R. 1 38, I I I , 17 ; ina abni i-na-aqqa-ru, V R. 56, 35; inf., II bitáti abtrUi(GUL.ME&) ia na-qa-ra u e-pi\iu\ V. Α., 209, III, 17; bítu ¡ú-a-tu ia na-qa-ru ù e-pi-ht, V. Α., 209, IV, 23. I, 2, il-ta-qar i-la-bat u^-tal-liq, Susa, 3, V, 55. III, 1 pres., ú-ia-aq-qa-ru, London, 103, V, 42; IV It. 1 38, I I I , 16. narû, inscribed stone. na-ri-i, Susa, 2, I I I , 17; na-ri-e, Susa, 2, IV, 33; Susa, 2; Med., I I , 5; I I I R. 43, IV, 32; ηα-τα-α, Susa, 2; Med., I, 3; Med., II, 9; I I I R. 43, I I I , 32; D. E. P., VI, 45, V, 9; abnuNA.RÛ.A, London, 101, IV, 5; Susa, 3, III, 51 ; IV, 9; VII, 28; IV R. J 38, III, 9, 30; Susa, 14, IV, 16; Susa, 16, IV, 29; VI, 9; D. E. P., VI, 43, IV, 8; D. E . P., II, 113, 20; D. E . P., VI, 45, V, 9; D. E. P., VI, 47, 19; V R. 56, 25, 35; I I I R. 41, II, 36, 40; I R. 70, II, 24, IV, 22; I I I R. 43, III, 23; O. B. I., 149, I I , 8, 14; London, 102, V, 1; V. Α., 2663, V, 45,- V. Α., 209, V, 5 ; Neb. Nippur, headabnuRÛ.A, ing 1; IV, 28; V, 5; Susa, 3, IV, 9, 41, 60; V, 22, 34, 46; C. T., X , pl. VII, 36. nurzu. nu-ur-zu kisâd nâr iarri, V. A. 2663, IV, 31. niiu, spirit. ni-ii iláni rabûti is-qur, I R. 70, I 21. niiu, people. pl., niiê, a-na ni-ii nfi-ra-a-ti London, 101, II, 13; "E-a jxt-tiik ni-H, London, 101, III, 11; α-no ni-H-hi ai i[-l¡i, Susa, 16,

STONE

OF

VI, 19; mu-iam-mi-bu ni-ii-iú, V R. 55, 4; niiê(UN-MES) a-pa-li, Neb. Nippur, I I I , 18; a-mat niiê li-gi-sa-iti, Neb. Nippur, IV, 8 ; niiê di-ia-a-ti, I I I R. 41, II, 39; (Samai) kaikai niiê, I I I R. 43, IV, 10; t(no) pî niic li-h/al-liq, London, 102, II, 17; V. Α., 2663, V, 47; niie (UN.M E) i-bi-it, V. Α., 2663, I, 21 ; H-bir-ru mu-ial-lim niiê (UN.ME), V. Α., 2663, I, 3 6 ; kii-icU niiê, V. Α., 2663, I, 3 9 ; niiê da-ad-me japbâti(BIR.ME), V. Α., 2663, II, 28. M2Ú, na£û, take up. I, I prêt., ri-ei eqli iú-a-tum ii-Sú-ma, Susa, 16, I I I , 6; rei (S A G) eqli ü-iú-ma, Ο. Β. I., 149, I, 2 0 ; rei(SAG) eqlu iti-a-iu [iiyH-ma, London, 103, II, 46; rêi(SAG) eqláti ia Bît-">Sin-ma-(fiT . . . ü-Si-ma, Ο. Β. I., 83, I, 13; dEr-ia il-li dBêl(EN) a-na Bûbiliki iá-ία-α (Dual), C. T., I X , pl. IV, 12; máré-iú ia mße-la-ni ü-iá-am-ma (Dual), they brought, London, 103, I I I , 13; pres., i-na-ai-iú-iu a-na ri-'-ut mòti, they raised him, Susa, 3, I I I , 60; inf., imêri-iù ù ameli-bt la na-ie-e, Susa, 3, II, 53; α-ηα mätuAl-ni-ri-e-a, ìa na-ie-e io I I I R. 45, No. 2, 3; a-na naie (ZI.GA) ú-ie-if-fu-ú, 1 R . 70, I I , 11; part., na-ai vu\faiti izzi-ti, V R. 55, 8 ; iláni nji-iií-h¡, the gods urging him on, V R_ 55, 22; la na-ie-iú-nu, I R. 66, I, 8. III. I, ú-ia-ai-iú-ma, London, 101, I I I , 7; Susa, 16, IV, 30; Neb. Nippur, V, 3; London, 102, V , 5 ; I I I R. 41, II, 10 ; Ο. Β. I., 149, I I , 10; ú-ia-ai-iú-ij, I I I R. 43, I , 32; Neb. Nippur, III, 27; I R . 70, I I , 24; prec., ri-ki-is-gu la

NEBUCHADREZZAR pa-fi-ra li-iü-éi-éú, I R. 70, I I I , 14; a-ga-lâ-til-la-a liHihi(GA.TU-hi)-hi-ma, V. Α., 2663, V, 43; ia ri-ki-is-su la ip-pa(-(a-ru li-ie-ei-ii-iu, Susa, 3, VI, 47; ri-ik-su la pa-(e-ra [li-iii-èi-iù], I I I Κ. 43, I I I , 32; London, 102, I [41]; li-ia-ai-èi-iu, D. E. P., IV, pl. 16, I, 2. Ill, 2, ui-tai-H-ma a-na me-e u iiâti it-ta-di, Susa, 3, V, 5, 13. III, 3, eqlu ki-mu ui-ta-an-na-aihim-ma, Susa, 3, V, 13. IV, 3, eqlu ki-mu it-ta-na-ai-Sum-ma, Susa, 3, V, 32. niâûtu, nisûtu, relatives, family. a¿é mârê niiúti(IM.RI.A) u sala-ti, London, 103, V, 29; i-na kimti(IM.RI.A) niiûti(IM.RI.A) u saláli(IM.RI.A), I I I H. 43, I I I , 3; London, 102, I, 30; IV, 37; V. Α., 209, I, 33; kimti (IM.RI.A) ni-iu-ti u sa-la-ti, I R. 70, II, 3; nisu-ta ù sa-la-ti, V. Α., 208, 44. niâru, diminution. (•str., [ni-l]í-er »he'uzéru ig-zu-uzma, O. Β. I., 83, I, 14. niiirtu, diminution. ni-Hr-ta qi-za-ta i-iak-ka-nu, Susa, 2, I I I , 14; ni-èi-ir-la u qi-is-?a-ta la ia-ka-ni, Susa, 3, II, 9; ni-(H)~ Hr-tu il-ta-kan, Susa, 3, V. 29; ni-Hr-ta qi-iç-ça-tu, Susa, 16, IV, 16; qi-iff-$a-ta ni-Hr-ta i-iak-kanu, I I I lt. 41, II, 6; ni-Hr-ta qi-iç-sa-ta i-na lib-bi i-iak-ka-nu, I R. 70, II, 15; ni-H-ir-ta qi-i??a-ta, I I I R. 43, I I I , 21 ; ni-H-irti gi-i$-$a-a-tu ud-da[a], C. T., X, pl. V I I , 34. nuSurrû, diminution. nu-hir-ra-a la èa-ka-ni, Susa, 3, I I I , 5. nuiirtu, loss(?). nu-Ur-ti, London, 102, I I I , 20; [nu}-iir-/j-lu-nu ultu éatti Γ * ° η

I.

293

adi iatti 2ikan, London, 102, III, 12. h SA, probably a worker in leather. D. E. P., I I , pl. 20, 8 (cf. âlu(Sa) hSA.MES, Β. E., I X , 70, 7; 97, 4, 6; etc.). 030, sabAsii, turn away, be angry. I, 1 prêt., ia ki-mil-tuí is-bu-su, V. Α., 2663,1, 18 (cf. Xabû-apaliddina, Sippar tablet, I I I , 14, is-bu-fu kiiád-su). ΠΟΟ, sugû, want. úm(-um) su-gi-e u ar-ra-ti, I I I R. 41, II, 34; su-ga-a u ni-ib-ri-ta lü-ku-na-ai-him-ma, I R. 70, IV, 17. "'"'O, sadAru, set in order. I, 1 inf., ina sa-dar satuk E-kwr, Xeb. Xippur, II, 3, 8. po, sûnu, thigh. Sir lah-H-e Sir sûni(UR), V. Α., 208, 5. plD, sûqu, street. su-u-uq äli-έύ, Susa, 3, VI, 39; itti sûqi(SILA) kad-ni, V. Α., 208, 13; itti sûqi(SILA) u bUi, V, Α., 208, 16, 17. ΠΠ0, sabû, destroy. II, I prêt., e tu-safi-foi mi-i$-[ra], O. Β. I., 83, II, 23; inf., ku-dur-ra la xu-uh-hi-i, Susa, 3, II, 14. II, 2, mi-çir-ia ul us-saó-¿¡[a], Ο. Β. I., 83, II, 1; mi-$ir-Sa us-sah-bi, Ο. Β. I., 83, II, 5. III, 1, eqlúti-iú id-ra-[nu] li-Sa-as-foima, Susa, 14, I I I , 11. sabbu· cistern (Hebr. nr»t7) (Haupt). ia-'-nu mi safi-fai, V R. 55, 19. sa|jma$tu, revolt. i-na e-H-tti u sab-mai-ti ia m,Uu Akkadiki, C. T., X, pl. V,3. ηπο, sijjpu, extent (cf. p. 165). ka-la si-fai-ip èa-ma-me, Xeb. Xippur, I, 14. 1Π0, sabâru, turn. I, 2, su-ú-uq ñli-iú Susa, 3, VI, 40.

li-is-so-afo-foar,

294

A NEW

BOUNDARY

III, 2, td-U-i»-fii-ir limuUe(-te) lu ana Sàr m&tuËlamii, he caused disaster to enclose the king of Elam, V R . 55, 41. suburmaiu, goatfish (Zimmern). mu-um u su-bur-ma-Sú a-Si-ir-tum rabUum ia dE-a, Susa, 2, IV, 5. "I'D, rage. I, 1 pres., i-sa-ar me-fiu-ú, V R. 55, 32. p o , sakâku, stop up. I, 1 inf., sa-ka-ak uz-ni, stopping up of ears, i.e., deafness, Susa, 3, VII, 37; Susa, 14, III, 4; sa-kaak, D. E. P., VI, 43, III, 4; sa-ka-ak [uz-ni], D. E. P., II, 116, 3; sa-kak uzná{PP), V. A. 2663, V, 38. sakku, deaf. hsa-ak-la sa-ak-ka, London, 103, V, 41; Susa, 14, II, 14; Neb. Nippur, V, 3; Susa, 16, IV, 26; O. B. I., 149, II, 9; sak-la lu sak[*»], IV R.J 38, III, 11; sak-la sak-ka, I I I R. 41, II, 9; I R. 70, I I , 21; I I I R. 43, I, 31; V R. 56,34; V. A. 211, I I I , 9; sa-ak-ka sak-la, D. E. P., VI, 45, V, 20; sak-ka sak-la, Susa, 3, V, 49; sak-ku sak-lu, V. Α., 2663, V, 25. sukkuku, a deaf man. lu sak-lam lu suk-ku-ka, London, 101, III, 6. saktkê, iakikt, mud. nârdte-Su li-mil-la-a sa-ki-ke, V R. 56, 42; nârâte sa-ki-ke li-mi-li, I I I R. 43, IV, 4 ; lu-ú Sá-ki-i-ik-ki da\-tí\ ù aèar(KI) mi-il-ti nâriSú i-si-ik-ki-ru-ma, Susa, 16, V, 5. SOD, saklu, fool. hsa-ak-la sa-ak-ka, London, 103, V, 41 ; Susa, 16, IV, 26 ; Susa, 14, I I , 14; Ο. Β. I., 149, II, 9; Nippur, V, 2; sak-la lu se*(-fce], I V R.J 38, III, 11; sak-lam lu suk-ku-ka, London, 101, I I I , 6; sak-la sa-ma, Susa, 3, V, 49;

STONE

OF

lu-ú sak-la lu-ú sak-ka, V R. 56, 34; sak-la sak-ka sa-ma-a, I R. 70, II, 21; I I I R. 43, I, 31; sa-ak-ka sak-la, D. E. P., VI, 45, V, 20; sak-la la ie-ma-a, London, 102, V, 4 ; sak-la sak-ka, I I I R. 41, II, 9; V. A. 211,111,9; sak-ku sak-lu, V. Α., 2663, V, 26. suk(k)allu, minister. dPap-sukal su-kal-li ilâni rabûti, I I I R. 43, IV, 25; hsukallu (LUU), IV R.J 38,1 [11]; II, 35; Susa, 16, I I I , 18; V R. 56, 14; I R. 70,1,17,19,1 R. 66, II, 12; I I I R. 43, I, 9; edge IV, 4, 5; London, 102, IV, 5; VI, 19; C. T., X , pl. I I I , 27; pl. VII, 42; hsukattu mu-ni-ri, London, 101, I, 14; "Nabû sukallu fi-ru, I I I R. 41, II, 34; I I I R. 43, IV, 1; suk-kal-lu fi-i-ru, I R. 70, IV, 16. si-kil-Ia. mar-ka-su rabú(-ú) Sa bit si-kil-Ia (Zimmern suggests that it maystand for E-sag-ila), Susa, 2, IV, 28. sakApii, throw down. I, I prêt., is-kip-ht-ma, D. E. P., VI, 45, IV, 6. sakflru, sikiru, stop up, dam. I, 1 prec., [nârât]e-$ù li-is-kir-ma, Ο. Β. I., 149, II, 22; pres., aiar mi-il-ti nári-iú i-si-4k-ki^ru-nui, Susa, 16, V, 7; inf., nári-hí a-na la sa-ka-ri, I I I R. 45, No. 2, 8; lu-u Sa si-ki-e-ri lu-ú Sa pi-te(\)-e, Susa, 3, II, 30. oSo, salt mu, favor. Sa . . . ir-Sa-a sa-li-me, who granted favor, V. Α., 2663, I, 19 (cf. Napû-apal-iddina, Sippar tablet, I I I , 17, sa-li-ma ir-Si-ma). salatu, household. niiûti u sa-la-ti, London, 103, V, 29; ni-Su-ti u sa-la-ti, I R. 70, II, 3; ni-su-ta ù sa-la-ti, V. Α., 208, 44; kimti(IM.RI.A) niiûti

NEBUCHADREZZAR (IM.RI.A) u salati(IM.RI.A), I I I R . 43, I I I , 4 ; London, 102, I, 30; IV, 37; V. Α., 2 0 9 , 1 , 3 3 . HDD, samû, blind. sak-lam lu suk-ku-ka lu sa-ma-a, London, 101, I I I , 6; sak-la sakka sa-ma, Susa, 3, V, 49; sak-ka sa-ma-a, Susa, 16, IV, 27; V R . 56, 34; I R . 70, I I , 21 ; I I I R . 43, I, 31 ; sa-ak-ka sa-ma-a, Susa, 14, I I , 15; Ο. Β. I., 1 4 9 , 1 1 , 9 . simaku, shrine. e-pii ku-um-mu ki-is-si u V. Α., 2663, I I , 12.

si-ma-ku,

simmu, sickness (cf. p. 181). si-im-ma la-az-za, Neb. N i p p u r , IV, 20; I I I R . 41, I I , 30; I R . 70, IV, 6; si-im-ma la[-az-za], Ο. Β. I., 149, I I I , 3; si-im-ma aq-sa laaz-za, Susa, 14, IV, 6; si-im-ma la-az, Susa, 3, V I I , 19; I I I R . 43, IV, 16. pJD, sanAqu, press. I, 1 prêt., rit-ti-iu ai is-ni-iq, Susa, 16, V I , 22; prec., α-di ν m (-um) bal-du lit(X)-niq (= lisniq?) maa-ta, Susa, 16, ΛΊ, 18. sisû, horse. ni-is-qu Sa rabûti sisé (imêrKUR.RA.MES), V R . 55, 20; '"'sisé, see urâte, V R . 55, 53, 59; rakkab sise, riding saddles(?), I I I R . 41, I, 16; sisé mu-ne(MU.NE), I I I R . 43, edge IV, 1; XII sisé, I I I R . 43, edge, I V , 2 ; rê'û sisé, London, 102, I I I , 11, 13, 15, 23. n a o , saptju, scattered. mu-pa-ah-bi-ru sapfeûti(BIR.ME), i.e., niiê, V. Α., 2663, I, 33; niiê da-ad-me sapkâti, V. Α., 2663, I I , 29. supplì. ina su-up-pu ir$itim(-tim) gìiimmaru iadt, V. Α., 209, I I , 30.

I.

295

"•pO, saqâru, swear (perhaps = O t ) . I, I prêt., ni-iS iláni rabûti . . . . is-qur, I R. 70, I, 22. surtu, wickedness (Aram. Ι Ο ν ρ ) . i-na su-ur-ti ma-la ba-iú-ú, London, 103, V, 40. satukku, temple dues, tithes. satuk(3A.DUG) E-kur, Neb. N i p pur, I I , 3, 8. Sk3, III, II, 1 prêt., a-na-ku la e-nu-ti ù la ui-pi-lu, I have n o t annulled, have n o t revoked, Susa, 3, I V , 12; ία si-it pi-iú ilu ma-am-ma la ui-pi-el-lum, Susa, 3, V I , 32; ui-pi-lum, Ο. Β. I., 150, I I , 1. III, II, 2 prêt., Sa si-it pi-i-Su la ui-tepil-lu, V. Α., 2663, I, 15. pagumu, object m a d e of leather. •pa-gu-mi a-nn Bi-ti-li-ia-a-$ú igmu-ur-ma, D. E . P., I I , pi. 20, 4 (cf. mrithlaipa-gu-mv, A m a n t a Letters, Beri. 26, I, 48). "U3, pagru, body. U-mi-lxi-n . . . pa-ga-ar-$ii li-labi-ii-ma, usa, 3, VI, 50. pûtu, f r o n t . pûtu(SAG) elû and pûtu iaplû, passim. For orientation of fields cf. pp. 39-41. •M3, puzru, concealment. pu-uz-ra uè-ta-hi-iz, Susa, 3, V, 43; pu-uz-ru χί-ia-ìya-zu, V. Α., 2663, V, 30; a-iar la a-(ma-)ri pu-uz-ri [i-tam-me-ru], C. T., X , pl. V I I , 37. I . ΠΠ3, pijjû, enclose. I, 1 pres., ina *ulipUti(LIBlT) i-pifeu-u, (relat.), Neb. Nippur, V, 2 ; i-na i-ga-ri i-p[i-feu-ti], D. E . P., I I , 113, 17. I, 2 i-na i-ga-ri ip-te-bi, Susa, 3, V , 54. I I . ΠΠ3, pabAtu, provincial district. bél pafy}ti(EN.NAM),governor,Susa, 16, I I I , 23; IV, 1; Neb. N i p p u r , V, 15; V R. 56, 19; I R . 66, I I

296

A

NEW

BOUNDARY

14; I I I R . 43, I I , 4; I I I , 9; Ο. B, I., 149, I I , 2; London, 102, I V . 8; V I , 21 ; I V R . ' 38,1, 28; V . Α., 2663, V, 3; bêlé pat¡áti(EN.NAM.MES), Susa, 2, I I I , 6. pitjâtu, district, province. pi-bat ¡arri, V . Α., 2663, I V , 14, 49; ana pi-bat i-man-nu-ú, C. T., X , pl. V I I , 34; pibâtu(NAM), Susa, 2, I, 28, 37; I I , 9, 14, 19; London, 103, I I I , 42; London, 101, I, 6; Susa, 3, I, 52; I I I , 3, 16,24, 31; I V , 16, 37, 51; V, 11, 14, 33; V I , 4, 7, 12; D. E. P., I I , 112, 7; I V R . ' 38, 1,5; Susa, 16, I, 4; I V , 6; Neb. Nippur, I I , 28; I I I , 1, 8; Ο. Β. I., 83, I, 15; Ο. Β. I., 83, I I , edge; I I I R. 41, I I , 2; I I I R. 43, I I , 23. ">ΠΒ, pabâru, gather, collect. II, I prêt., niié da-ad-me saputi ú-pah-ki-ru, V. Α., 2663, I I , 29; part., mu-pa-ab-bi-ru sapbäti, V. Α., 2663, I, 33. putjni, assembly. ina pu-bur hi-ut ma-al-ku, V. Α., 2663,1, 42. napbaru, totality, all. nap-bar qin-ni-e u hai da-dd-me, Neb. Nippur, I, 15; ba-na-at nap{ba-ri], D. E. P., I I , 113, 1; ina nap-bar sal-mat qaqqadi, V . Α., 2663, I, 22; napbar(PAP), Susa, 2, I, 26, 35; Neb. Nippur, I I I , 7; C. T., I X , pl. V , 26; I I I R. 41,1,27; C. T., X , pl. I I I , 19; V. Α., 102, IV, 27; V. Α., 2663, I V , 2, 17, 42; V. Α., 209, I V , 34; C. T., X , pl. V I , 29; napbar napbar, V . Α., 2663, I V , 46. "WSB, pajâru, break, free. I, 1 prêt., eqlu Sú-a-tu ip-tu-ur, London, 103, I I I , 29; ">t/r^Β êlit-rmiballifat-Tnîtûti ip-tu-ur, London, 103, I I I , 46; inf., ri-kiis-su la pa-ti-ra, an unbreakable bond, I R. 70, I I I , 14; ri-ik-su

STONE

OF

la pa-fe-ra, I I I R . 43, I I I , 32; Sa rik-su la pa[te-ra], London, 102, I, 41. IV, 1, ¡a ri-ki-is-su la ip-pat-fa-ru Susa, 3, V I , 46; I I I R. 41, I I , 26 pa(ni, dagger. virtu paf-ru ina kiiádi-iu, V R. 56, 54. 'il, pû, mouth. fi-it pi-Sú, command, Susa, 3, V I , 30; fi-ü pi-i-Su, V. Α., 2663, I , 14, 31 ; qi-bit pi-i-iú, Susa, 3 . V I I , 45; i-pii pi-Su, Neb.Nippur, 1,9; ki-i pi-i, according to the word of, Susa, 3, I V , 13, 34, 44, V, 10 ; London, 102, I V , 27; I I I R . 43, I, 10; a-na pi-i ni-is-bi, according to the extract, C. T., I X , pl. V , 42; i-na pi-i niiê li-bal-liqu, from the mouth of men, I I I R. 41, I I , 39; London, 102, I I , 17; V . Α., 2663, V, 47; fi-bit pi-i, the holding of the mouth, i.e., dumbness, Susa, 3, V I I , 38; Sa pi-i náru$al-ma-ni, the mouth of the river S., I R. 66, I I , 2. pi-¡. in the phrase pi-i Su-ul-pi, V . Α., 208, 36, uncultivated or pasture land ; the opposite is eqlu zaq-pu, cf. V . Α., 208,7,8, 35,36; *»"kirû giHmmaré zaq-pu u pi-i [Juipi], C. T., X , pl. V I , 24. Π73, palû, reign. dMarduk-apali-na palê(BAIj-e) iddina, Susa, 2; Med., I I , 1; ina ûmê(-me) palê-^u], C. T., X , pl. I V , 15. nSfl, palâ|)u, fear. I, 1 pres., ai-Su ar-r[a-ti] i-pal-la-buma, London, 102, V, 4; aiSu (MU) ar-ra-ti a-na-ti i-pal-labu-ma, London, 101, I I I , 5; dNiná zi-kir dENGUR i-pal-la4 M , O. B. I., 83, I I , 14; part., pa-li-bu ilâni-Su, O. B. I., 83,

SEBUCHADREZZAR I , 21; pa-lih ilu-ti-iu, V . Α., 2663, I, 28; pa-lih dNabû u dMarduk, V. Α., 2663, I I , 1; ardu pa-lib-iu, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 37; la pa-lifi ilâni, V. Α., 2663, V , 27. 1, 2, hú-ú la ip-ta-la-afi-ma, Susa, 3, V, 27; ia i-na abnunart ia-af-ra ip-ta-lah-ma, Susa, 3, V, 47 ; iarru u ilûni-hi la ip-tal-hu-ma (relat.), V R. 56, 32. palais, reverently. ú-taq-qu-ú pal-fiii, Xeb. Xippur, I , äNIK.IB 6; ana dEn-lil u pal-ki-ii ú-taq-qu-ú, Xeb. Xippur, I I , 11. paliku, fix limits. I, 1 prêt., pil-ki ip-lu-uk-ma, Ο. H. I., 83, I, 5; part., pa-lik eqlu iii-a-tu, Xeb. Xippur, I I I , 13. pilku, plot. ki-i pil-ki ip-lu-uk-ma, O. B. I., 83, I , 5; a-na pil-[ki]-$ú ú-tir-ru, Ο. Β. I., 83, I I , 10; pi-lik-iú li-tìi, I I I R . 41, 11,28. pulukku, boundary. pu-lu-uk-ku la èit-ku-nu, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 20; pu-luk-ka-ht-un ü-ni-ma, C. T., X , pl. V, 4. pu-lu-uk(g), perhaps a measure. pu-lu-uk(g) u imÎTu burûSi, V R. 55, 56. r o S f l , palkû, wide, comprehensive. fia-si-sa pal-ka, of wide intelligence, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 7. oSa, palAsu, look. IV, 1 prêt., ki-nii ip-jxi-iis-ma, Xeb. Xippur, I, 24; ki-nii ippalix(Sl.BAR)-su-ma, Xeb. Xippur, I I , 16; arad-su ip-pa-li-is-ma, I I I R . 43, I, 7; ha-dii ip-pa-lisma, C. T., X , pl. I I I , 11; ha-diè ip-pal-su-éu-ma, V. Α., 2663, I, 29; fra-dii ip-pa-lis-su-ma, V . Α., 2663, I I I , 42; prec., lip-pal-suSú-ma, Susa, 3, V , 16; ki-ni¡ lip-pal-sa-Sú-ma, Ο. Β. I., 83,

I. I I , 16; pres., ul ip-pal-la-sa na-a-ia il-ti-iu, V R . 55, 34.

297 ia-

pAnu. (1) face, zu-ut pa-ni, blindness, Susa, 14, I I I , 4; la na-fil Sa páni(Sl)-ia, V . Α., 2663, V, 26; pani-Sú lim-fias-ma, I I I R . 41, I I 19; páη dSamii(-H), V R. 55, 31 ; (2) presence, pán, before, in presence of, Susa, 16, 1, 25; London, 101, I I I , 8; London, 102, V I , 6; V. Α., 208, 22, 49, 50, 51; i-na pa-an, before, in presence of, London, 103, I I I , 23,24 ; V I , 16; i-na pa-ni, from his presence, C. T., I X , pl. I V , 3; V . Α., 2663, I I , 35; ina pa-nika, at thy disposal, V . Α., 209, 1,9; pa-an iltúnu (iûtu, amurrú, Sadίι), towards north, etc., London, 103, I I I , 47, 49 ; I V , 1, 3, 4 ; London, 101, I, 7, 8, 10, 11; Susa, 14, I , 2, 7; L>. E. P., I I , 112, 2, 6; with the verb dagâlu, cf. pûni-èu ú-iad-gil, he entrusted to him, C. T., I X , pl. V, 41; C. T., X , pl. V, 6; V. Α., 209, I V , 8, 22; V . Α., 2663, I I I , 24; V . Α., 208, 6, 21 ; (3) former time, ultu ûmi(-mi) pa-na, from former days, Xeb. Xippur, I I , 29; êarru pa-na, a former king, V R. 55, 48; cf. iarru a[-lik] jM-ni-ia, my predecessor, Susa, 3, I V , 2; eli êa pa-ni, more than formerly, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 29; also in the titles: man-za-az pán éarri, D. E. P., I I , 97, 13; and amelu êa pûn(Sl) êkalli, C. T., X , pl. V I I , 43. pAnâtu, in front of, before. tap-tu-u pa-na-at *"·kirû, V . 2663, I V , 33 ; a-di tap-te-e ëa na-at kirû, V . Α., 2663, I V , p&nû, title of an official. hpa-nu-ú Λ ίαηΰ(?) hsu-hi-li, C. I X , pl. V, 34.

Α., pa44. T.,

298

A NEW

BOVXDARY

STONE

OF

DOS, p&sAsu, destroy. al-iu paq-ri la ra-íe-e, London, 102, II, 34; a-na paq-ri la II, 1 pres., ú-pa-sa-su, Ο. Β. I., 150, II, 3; ina abni ú-pa-sa-su, V. Α., baiê(IG), V. Α., 2663, IV, 52; 2663, V, 30. [pa]-afc(?)-r£ icirî id-bu-um-ma II, 2, up-te-is-si-is-ma it-ta-qar, Susa, Susa, 16, II, 17. 3, V, 55. tapqirtu, claim. paqâdu, govern, establish. tap-qir-ta ύ ru-gu-um-ma-a, Susa, I, 1 prêt., ii-bir-ru . . . ip-qid qa3, II, 15. tuS-hi, a scepter he handed over pir'u, offspring. to his hand, V. Α., 2663, I, 36; the'uzêru ù pi-ir-a, Susa, 3, VII, 12; inf., pi-iq-da . . . la pa-qa-di, a pi-ri ai irSu, Susa, 14, IV, 17; government not to establish, zêr-hi u pir'(\)-hi li-is-su-hu, I I I R. 45, No. 2, 7; part., D. E. P., IV, pi. 16, II, 9; pi-ir-'d Xabû pa-qid fci¿[áaí] ni-ii, who Sti, D. E. P., II, 113, 2; pi-ir-ht, governs all men, London, 101, D. E. P., VI, 45, IV, 16; zêr-ht d III, 14; Nabû pa-[qid Same u pi-ri-'-SU na-an-nab-Sú, I I I R irsitiC!)], London, 102,1, 44. 41, II, 38; zêr-bj. pir'-êu u napiqdu, government. an-nab-hi, London, 102, II, 16; pi-iq-da ia Bít-mA-da a-na áli-iú V. Α., 2663, V, 46; li-bal-li-qu la pa-qa-da, III R. 45, No. 2, 7. pir'i-hi, I R. 70, III, 12. puquttu, thorn. d ki-mu Nisaba pu-qut-tu li-ib-nu- pargAntë, undisturbed (?). par-ga-nü bai èie) a-i¡¡u-ú-ti, V. Α., bi, III R. 41, II, 33; dNisaba li2663, III, 18. ¡¡al-li-qa pu-qut-tu li-ü-mu-ufe, I R. 70, IV 13; ta-mi-ra-ti-U purtdu, leg. li-mi-la-a pu-qut-ta, I I I R. 43, Sa ed-li qar-di pu-ri-da-Sú it-tu-ra, IV, 5. the legs of the valiant man IPS, paqáru, raise a claim. turned, i.e., failed, V R. 55, 21 (cf. Jensen, Κ. Β., VI, 1, 428, I, I prêt., êarru ip-qir-ma a-na qâti 508). . . . id-din, the king reclaimed (the field) and gave it to . . ., m a , pirbu, offspring. London, 103, III, 4; pres., pi-ri-ift-Sú li-is-su-ufi-hu, I I I R . i-paq-qi-ru ú-Sap-qa-ru, reclaims, 43, I I I , 29. III R. 41, I, 36; inf., ku-nu-uk parAku, lock, bolt. iarri ia la pa-qa-ru, C. T., X, pl. II, I prec., ba-ab-Sú li-par-ri-ki, I I I V, 7 ; èa la tam-U-li ù la pa-qa-ra, R. 43, IV, 27. C. T., X, pl. V, 9; VI, 30; èa la parku, barred. tam-Hl u la pa^qa-r¿, V. Α., 2663, har-ra-an-na pa-ri-ik-ta (fem.) liV, 49; a-na e-li u pa-ki-ri, for ie-if-bi-su, may he cause him t o the purpose of opposing and retake a road that is barred, I I I R . claiming, D. E. P., II, pi. 20,9. 48, IV, 31. II, 1 pres., ú-Sad-ba-bu innú(BAL-ú) pariktu, violence, ú-paq-qa-ru, V. Α., 209, II, 1, 7. ina pa-rik-ti li-iz-zis-su, with vioIII, I pres., i-paq-qi-ru ú-iap-qa-ru, lence proceed against him, I R. I I I R. 41, I, 36. [ paqru, reclamation. 70, III, 16; i-na pa-ar(-ik)-ti a-na paq-ri la ra-he-e, I R. 70,1, 20; li-iz-zi-su, I I I R. 43, IV, 11.

NEBUCHADREZZAR ΓΟ~1£3, cease. IV, 1, la na-par-ka-a, without fail, IV R.» 38, I I , 23. purlmu, wild ass. e-ma i"t*rupurîmê §ëri li-ir-pu-ud, Susa, 14, IV, 3; ki-ma imérupurimiÇEDIX.XA), I I I R. 41, I I , 18; V. Α., 209, V, 11; ki-i purimi(-mi), I R . 70, I I I , 20; London, 102, I, 47. CHS, parâsu, decide. I, 1 prêt., di-in-iu u purussî-hi ai ip-ru-us, London, 102, I I , 3; prec., ina biti(-ti)-iu [li]-ip-ru-us, D. E. P., II, 115, 3; part., pa-ri-is purussê, Susa, 14, III, 7. parsu, decision. parC!)-su-éuèit-ru-ku, Neb. Nippur, I, 18; pl., lit-ti pdr-si-e i-la-ni-e i-U-lu-ma, O. B. I., 83, II, 9. parsû, decider, judge. éarruparse (BAR.SUDMES)i-èalma, the king asked the judges, V R. 55, 50; parse {BA R.SUD) la-bi-ru-ti illikú iarru . . i-Saliú-nu-ti-ma, Susa, 16, I I , 27 ; par-su-u nak-lu, skilful arbitrator, V. Α., 2663, I I , 48. purussû, judgment, decision. pa-ri-is purussê ( ES. BA R. M ES ), Susa, 14, I I I , 7; di-in-èu ù purussî(ES.BAR)-éu ai ip-ruus, London, 102, I I , 2; purussû (.ES.BAR) kii-iat nisê, V. Α., 2663, I, 38; bélê purussi, C. T., X , pl. VII, 39. y a , parâçu, decide. I, 1 perm., a-ki J ma-na kaspi § mana V iiqlu pa-ri-si, V. Α., 209, IV, 5. parsu, command. a-na para$(GARZA) iarri, Susa, 3, I I , 43; para£ ia-kin, Susa, 3, I I , 44; paras ma-am-ma, Susa, 3, I I , 45. 0Bfl, pa$&{u, efface. I, 1 pres., iú-mi Sâ-af-ra i-pa-aè-ii-fu

I.

299

(relat.), Susa, 16, V, 4; èùmèaf-ru i-pa-aS-H-tu, V. Α., 2663, V, 32. I, 2, Su-mi èaf-ra ip-ta-H-if, Susa, 3 , V, 57. II, 1, ú-pa-aí-ía-fu-ma èa-nam-ma i-sat-ta-ru (relat.), I It. 70,111,5. II, 2, èù-um ili ù ¿arri Sa éaf-ru up-tai-èi-fu-ma, V R . 56, 33. "Ί73, paiâru, loosen. I, 1 inf., ar-rat la pa-$a-ri, IV R. 2 38, I I I , 33. IV, I, ar-rat la nap-Sú($u)-ri, London, 101, IV, 6; Susa, 3, VI, 26; Susa, 16, VI, 12; I R. 70, IV, 23; I I I R. 43, I I I , 25; IV, 34; I I I R. 43, edge II, 2; O. B. I., 149, I I , 16; London, 102, I, 39; arrat(AS) la nap-iu-ru, V. Α., 26C3, V. 3 7 ; ar-rat la nap-iur inaruita li-ruru-iu, V. Α., 209, I I , 9; V, 8. ΠΠ3, pitû, open. I, 1 inf., lu-ú id si-ki-e-ri lu-ü id pite(l)-e fci-ru-ut nûr sarri la hi-ri-e, Susa, 3, I I , 31. |Π3, patìnu, keep off. II, I imp., dRammán limuttu{'l) paat-ti-nu uMluup(b)-ru-ú, III R. 41, I, 25; * u b á t u pa-tin-nu, III R. 41, I, 26; a-di iitén fubâtu KUR.RA, V. Α., 209, IV, 33. çabitftnu, captor. a-na fa-bi-ta-ni-íú ap-pa-lú lil-biim-ma, V R. 56, 55. TIÏ, $&du, chase. I, 3, a-iam-ia-tu if-fa-nun-da, V R. 55, 32. $u|)ilu, title of an official. V-fti-K, C. T., IX, pl. V, 34. 1ΠΪ, febtru, be little. I, 1, ul-tu a-na-ku fi-ib-ri-ku, since I was little, London, 103, IV, 27. ?i(jru, little. iitu fi-bir ra-bi, great or small, V R.56,29, fibra(TUR) u rabâ(-a), V. Α., 2663, III, 27. nSx, çlltu, war. i-na fi-H[-tu] Sa Su-bar[-tu], D. E. P., II, 93, I, 3. , ?Hlu, protection. ia inav"fiUi(MI) béli-ia am-f¡u-ru, C. T., X, pl. V, 3.

NEBUCHADREZZAR fulûlu, protection. eli $âbê ki-din-nu . . . ii-ta-kan su-lu-li, V. Α., 2663, I I I , 33. I. öS* çalrnu, picture. ça-lam mArdi-dSibitti, London, 102, d I I I , 1, 4; sa-lam \abú-mukinaplu London, 102, IV, 1 ; salarti d Marduk-apal-iddina, V. Α., 2663, at picture, 1.1. I I . D S ï , jal mu, black. çal-mat (sc. ni$¿) qaqqadi(SAG .DU), Neb. Nippur, I, 11; ina nap-fiar sal-mat qaqqadi, V. Α., 2663, I, 22; sal-mat qaqqadi, V. Α., 2663, II, 55. I M , simittu, team. Ina-e$ê-é(ir(-ir), V. Α., 209, I I , 26. Ή * , çarru, opponent, enemy. (Gula) za-ar-ri-ha si-im-ma laaz . . i-na zu-um-ri-Sú liS-kuun-ma, Susa, 3, VII, 18; za-arri-Sa si-im-ma la-az-za li-Se-laSum-ma, D. E . P., IV, pi. 16, I I , 1. jirru, opponent. fir-ri-Su, D. E. P., 43, IV, 5. ;irritu, scepter. fir-rit hnakri-Sú qa-tu-uiSú itmuh, Neb. Nippur, I I , 5. çurru, heart, mind. fur-ru Sad-lu, of broad mind, V. Α., 2663, I I , 49. K3D, qabû, speak. I, 1 prêt., ki-a-am iq-bi (um-ma-a), London, 102, IV, 20; VI, 9; C. T., X, pl. V, 11; V. Α., 209, I, 5; IV, 6; London, 103, IV, 21; ki-a-am iq-bi-Sú, Ο. Β. I., 83, I,

I.

301

19; a-na iarri i-iq-bi-ma, I I I R . 43, edge IV, 4; iq-bi-ma, I I I R . 43, I, 10; Susa, 16, I I , 18; la ba-lat-su iq-\bu-u\, London, 102, V, 7 ; iq-bi ina fi-it pi-i-Su, V. Α., 2663, I, 31 ; ki-a-am iq-bu-ú, D. E. P., I I , 93, I I , 18; V. Α., 209, IV, 19; iq-bu-ú-ma, Susa, 16, II, 33; prec., la balát-su liqbu-ii, Ο. Β. I., 149, I I I , 11; London, 101, IV, 7; la ba-la-az-zu [liq-b]u-ú, Susa, 16, VI, 24; pres., ul na-din-mi i-qab-bu-ú, London, 103, V, 38; London, 101, I I I , 1 ; ul ni-di-it-ti Sarrâni i-qa-ub-bu-ií, Susa, 16, IV, 21 ; Susa, 14, I I , 13; i-qa-bu-tí, I I I R. 43, I I I , 6, 7, 16, 17; edge IV, 3; O. Β. I., 149, I I , 8; i-qab-bu-ú, I I I R. 41, I I , 7; I R. 70, II, 18; London, 102, I, 32; IV, 38; Neb. Nippur, IV, 2; I I I [32]; V. Α., 209, II, 4; V. Α., 208, 45, 47; C. T., X , pl. V I I , 35; inf., ina qa-bi-e Sòr me-Sa-ri, Neb. Nippur, I I , 22. II, 1 prec., lu-ú-qa-bu-ú, London, 101, IV, 4. qibltu, command. Sä a-mat qi-bi-ti-Sú-nu, Susa, 3, V I , 21 ; M qi-bit pi-i-Sú, Susa, 3, V I I , 45; Sa in-nu-ú qi-bi-su, D. E . P., Λ I I , 115, 7; i-na qibit(KA) litar, V R . 55, 40; la inr-nin-nu-u qibit-su, V. Α., 2663,1, 16. qablu, midst, battle. (1) midst, i-na qabal(MURU) ar u i¡ Dúzu, V R . 55, 16. (2) battle, dSd-qa-mu-na ù dSú-mali-ia ilâni qabli te-mu, Susa, 2, IV, 22; fubâtu Sa qab-lu, I I I R . 41, I, 24; dNergal bêl qab-li ύ ta-ha-zi, London, 102, I I , 4. qabaltu, midst. ina qa-bal-ti âli, V. Α., 208, 12. 13p, qabâru, bury. I, 1 pres., i-na irfi! i-qab-bi-ru, I V R.» 38, I I I , 20.

302

A NEW

BOUNDARY

IV, I prêt., [ialaintá\-iú ai iq-qi-bir, D. E. P., VI, 43, III, 14; ia-lamta-hi i-na irriti ai iq-qi-bir, Susa, 16, VI, 21. qiblru, grave. qi-bi-ra ai [ú-jtar-ü-iu], London, 102, II, 25. T p , qtpu, official. qi-pu ai-um-ma, Susa, 3, II, 39; ai-um-ma qi-pu, III R. 41,1, 33; H qi-i-pi ia E-sag-ila, C. T., X, pl. VII, 44; qi-i-pu lu-ú Hak -nu, V. Α., 2663, V, 19; pl., qi-pu-iitim io qaq-qa-ra-lim, Susa, 2, III, 8; qi-pu-tu ¡a Bit-mA-da ar-ku-tu, III R. 43, III, 14; qipu-tu lu-ú fta-za-an-nuBU-mA-da ar-ku-tu, III R. 45, No. 2, 4, 5 ; qi-pu-ut máiuNa-mar, V R. 56, 29 (cf. "The Kêpu," A. J. S. L., X X I I (1905), pp. 81-88). ETp, qâSu, present. I, 1 prêt., ia dE-a . . i-qi-hi-iu, V. Α., 2663, III, 6; qi-ia-a-tu i-qissu-nu-ti-ma, V. Α., 2663, III, 34. ql&tu, present. pl., ir-ba u qi-ía-a-ti, V. Α., 2663, II, 17; qi-ía-a-tú i-qis-su-nu-tima, V. Α., 2663, III, 34. nSp, qalû, burn. I, I pres., i-na ièâti(i-Sa-ti) i-qal-lu-ú, Neb. Nippur, V. 1 ; Ο. Β. I., 149, II, 12; London, 102, V, 3; C. T., X, pl. VII, 37; i-na iiâti(NE) iqailûfjS U+AS-ú), V. Α., 2663, V, 29; w i e iSa-ti i-qa-lu-ú, I I I R. 43,1, 34. III, 1 üAti ú-iaq-lu, V R. 56, 36; •i-ia-ta ú-ía-aq-qa-[lu], London, 103, V, 44. "jSp, qalálu, despise. II, 1 pres., Sú-ú ia-a-H la ú-qal-la-la, Susa, 3, IV, 29. qullultu, wrongdoing. qurid-lvrvl-ta iz-zi-ir, Susa, 3, IV, 54;V, 21.

STONE

OF

n a p , qamú, burn. II, I prec., li-qa-am-me iur-ii-iú, Xeb. Nippur, IV, 27. I. n j p , qanû, perhaps acquire. II, 1 prec., li-ga-an-ni-ma, D. E. P., VI, 43, III, 8. II. n j p , qanû, reed. qan (Gl) appari (S UK) ,reed thicket, C. T., IX, pl. IV, 19. p p , qinnu, habitation, family. (1) habitation, nap-Jer qin-ni-e u kal da-ad-me, Neb. Nippur, 1,15; (2) family, qin-ni mA(iu-ni-e-a, Susa, 16, IV, 9; qin-ni, D. E. P., 46, IV, 11. pop, kanâku, seal. I, I prêt., ik-nu-uk-ma, London, 103, III, 36; IV, 6, 34, V, 23; Suea, 16, II, 13; III, 12; C. T., IX, pl. IV, 16; V. Α., 209,1, 25; IV, 14 ; C. T., X, pl. VI, 30; V. Α., 2663, IV, 54 ; ik-nu-uk, D. E. P., VI, 42, I, 24 ; i-ik-nu-uk-ma, III R. 43.. edge IV, 5; ik-nu-kam-ma, London, 102, I, 15, 26, 34; ik-nu-kuma, London, 102, I, 21; ik-nuku-ú-ma, V. Α., 209, IV, 37; pres., a-kan-nak-ma, London, 102, I, 24; imper., (uppa-Su ku-nu-uk-ma bi-in-ni, V. Α., 209, I, 14; inf., i-na ka-nak (uppi hí-a-tu, I R. 66, II, 5; V. Α., 209, II, 11; V, 13; C. T. X, pl. VII, 41 ; V. Α., 2663, IV, 56; C.T.,X, pl. III, 23; i-na kanak li( T)-û ù (up-pi eqli, Susa, 16, I I I 14; i-na ka-nak ^"(uppi hu-ma-tu(Y) (so Dr. Ungnad), V. Α., 208, 48; i-na ka-nak kangi bi-a-tu, London, 102, VT, 14; i-na ka-nak ii( j)-ú iù-a-tu^ Neb. Nippur, V, 8 ; perm., kunukku ul ka-nik-ma i-qa-bu-ú, I I I R. 43, I I I , 7; kunukku ul ka-ni-ki i-qa-bur-ú, III R. 43, III, 17; dan(an)[-nÎ] ka-ni-ki, III R. 43,

NEBUCHADREZZAR 1, 23; ul ka-nik-ma, D. E . P., VI, 42, I, 22. Kin(i)ku, document. ka-nik di-ni, Susa, 16, I I I , 11; i-na ka-nak kan-gi hi-a-tu, London, 102, VI, 14; ka-nik di-nim, London, 103, VI, 28. kunukku, seal. ku-nu-uk Mmi eqli, London, 103, I I I , 9 ; abn"kunuk(DUB) di-ni Sú-a-tum, Susa, 16, I I I , 16; ku-nu-uk iarri, C. T., X , pl. I I I , 32, V, 7; abnukunuk iarruú-ti-hi, C. T., X , pl. V, 8; V I , 30; i-na abnukunuk(DUB) iarri Sa ìsip-ri-e-ti, V. Α., 2663, V, 48; I R . 66, II, 19; kunukku ul kanik-ma i-qa-tm-ú, I I I R . 43, I I I , 7 ; kunukku ul ka-ni-ki i-qa-bu-ú, abnuknI I I R . 43, I I I , 17; kima nukki-hi. V., 208, 55; V. Α., 209, I I , 27; abnukunukku èi-fir himi¡u ik-nu-uk-ma, V. Α., 2663, IV, 53. quppû, poniard, knife. ul-tu paf-ru i-na kiiâdi-Su ù quppu-ú i-na i-ni-Su, V R . 56, 54. f ' ï p , qa$Asu, cut off. I, 1 prêt., [ni-i]i-er »he'uzéru ig-zu-uzma, Ο. Β. I., 83, I, 14. qissatu, curtailment. ni-èir-ta qi-^a-la i-èak-ka-nu, Susa, 2, I I I , 14 ; ni-Si-ir-ta ù qi-i$-$a-ta la ia-ka-ni, Susa, 3, I I , 10; niéir-la qi-i$-sa-lu, Susa, 16, I V , 16; ni-Hr-ta qi-i$-ça-ta i-na libbi(-bi) i-íak-ka-nu, I R . 70, I I , 15; I I I R . 43, I I I , 21; ni-èiir-ta gi-i?-$a-a-tu ud-da-[a], C. T., X , pl. V I I , 34; qi-iç-sa-ta ù ni{•U)-Hr-tu, Susa, 3, V, 29; qi-i??a-ta ni-èir-ta i-Sak-ka-nu, III R . 41, II, 6. qaqqadu, head. qaqqad(SAO)-su li-éam-ri-fu-êu, Susa, 14, IV, 12; qaqqadu{SAG) [marCi)]-zi-ma . . . li-ik-mi-{Su];

I.

303

D. E . P., I I , 113, 18; ?al-mat qaqqadi, the blackheaded, Xeb. Nippur, I, 11 ; V. Α., 2663,1, 22 ; II, 55. Ί

ρ ρ , qaqqaru, piece of land. i-na qaq-qn-ri il-le-mi-ir, Susa, 3, V, 52; i-na qaq-qa-ri i-ta-im-me-ru, Susa, 16, IV, 3 3 ; q a q - q a r m á t u Ñ a mar, V R . 55, 47; 56, 8 ; qaq("!)qar-iu, I R . 66, I, 11; qaqqa-ru èu-ιί, V. Α., 209, I, 5; um-ma qaq-qa-ru i-ba-as-H, V. Α., 209, I, 7; qaq-qar èa i-na qulû (S U2) mIddina-dSabû anhu-ru, V. Α., 209, I, 12; pl., qipu-ú-lim èd qaq-qa-ra-tim, Susa, 2, I I I , 9 .

I. 3 Ί ρ , qarâbu, approach. I, 1 perm., a-na afi-fiu-li . . . la qirbu, London, 103, I , 2 9 ; I V , 4 2 .

II, 1, pres., ú-qar-ra-bu-ma ú-ia-ai-éúma, O. Β. I., 149, I I , 10; perm., a-na afi-liu-ú-ti . . . ul qu-ru-ub, London, 103, IV, 26; qu-ru--ub í64é(-e), London, 103, I I I , 20. qirbu, midst. a-na ki-rib Bá[bili i-tur-ma], C. T., X , pl. IV, 16; Sa ki-rib Dêriki, V. Α., 209, I I , 31 ; I I I , 2, 18; IV, 25. I I . 31p, qirubû, arable land (Aram. Κ31-Ό, cf. p. 173). eqlu qi-ru-ba-a Sâ a-na bu-tuq-ti Saknu(-nu), Xeb. Nippur, I I , 25. qarbâti, plowed fields. qar-ba-ti kudurri(SA.DU)-Si-na nu-uk-ku-ru-ma, V. Α., 2663, III,21. Tip, qardu, strong, powerful. ti-iz-qa-ru qar-du, D. E . P., I I , 115, 5; iUakku qar-du, V R . 55, 3; zi-ik-ru qar-du, V R . 55, 7 ; ed-li qar-di, V R . 55, 21; dRammân . . . mâr dA-num qar-du I R . 70, IV, 10.

304

A NEW

BOUNDARY

qarrurtum, torch (?) (Zimmern). t,u oar-ru-ur-ium bur-ru-ur-tum ia ¿litar, Susa, 2, IV, 14. qaitu, bow. na-ai qaitu(BAN) iz-zi-ti, V R. 55, 8; pl., dNergal bèi be-li-e ù qa-Ja-ti, III R. 43, IV, 21. qâtu, hand. ga-ti . . . ΰ-tir-ru, compensate, Susa, 2, I, 18; ana qáti . . . iddin, London, 103, III, 5; i-na qât mMarduk-zâkir-iumu, IV R.» 38, III, 21 ; qât dBêl(EN) i?-bata, C. T., IX, pl. IV, 11; i-na qât, from the hand of, III R. 41, 1,10; V. Α., 208, 33, 37 ; London, 102, IV, 28, 30; ina qûtâiSÛ1), V. Α., 209, I, 6, 12; c. suff., qatu-ui-iu ( = ina qûti-iu) it-mu(i, Neb. Nippur, II, 5; qât-su la i-fa-bat, III R. 43, IV, 24 ; a-éar qa-tui, London, 103, VI, 18; qa-az-zu tur-rat, compensation has been given, Susa, 3, I, 26; ti-ri-iç qa-ti-iu, V. Α., 2663, I, 27; III, 38; ii-bir-ru ip-qid qatui-iu, V. Α., 2663,1, 36; qâtâ-Su (i-fa li-ru-ba (Dual), V R. 56,58. nnp, qatû, complete, end. I, I prec., ûmi(-mi) i-fu-ti id bal-fa liq-ti-ma, IV R.» 38, III, 41; liq-ta-a zumur(SU)-èu, may his body perish, V. Α., 2663, V, 44. qati, adv., completely. i-na qa-ti ma-aq-tu-ma, Susa, 3, III, 38. {Hp, qattinu. a class of farmers. ir-ri-ii ia áli-iú lu-ú qa-at-ti-ni lu-ú a-Hb âli, Susa, 3, II, 35 (cf. Β.E., XV, 37:1). a»V\ rêbitu, street. ri-bi-ü áli-iú, Susa, 3, VII, 3; li-ib-ta-'-v-ta i-na ri-bi-it áli-iú, I I I R. 41, II, 24. ΠΚ41, rê'u, feed, pasture. I. 1 inf., iammê la ri-'-e, Suga, 3, III, 21.

STONE

OF

rt'û, shepherd. (Nabû) rê'û(SIB) Icii-iat iamê(-e) u irfitim, D. E. P., VI, 46, IV. 5; na-bu-ú rê'û(SIB) ki-nu: Neb. Nippur, I, 21, [a}-na iam ré'î ki-ni, Neb. Nippur, I, 151; lu-ú rê'û(SIB) lu-ú iakkanakku, Neb. Nippur, III, 19; rê'û(SlB) mu-pa-ak-ki-ru saphâti, V. Α., 2663, I, 32; ré'û kênu(GI.NA)r V. Α., 2663, II, 25; re'û sisé, London, 102, III, 11, 13, 15, 23. rt'ûtu, rule. a-na ré'û-ut mâtuSú-me-ri u Akkadíkt, Neb. Nippur, II, 1 ; ri-'-ut ma-ti, Susa, 3, III, 59; a-na ré'û-ut fal-mat qaqqadi, V. Α., 2663, II, 54; ina la rê'û-tu, in the rulerless time, V. Α., 2663, III, 17. rt'tu, rittu, pasture. a-na i-ki-li ri--ti, Neb. Nippur, III, 21; al-pu libbu alpi ia rit-ti, London, 102, I I I , 26; IV, 24 (cf. Clay, Β. E., XIV, 123: I alpu ri-it-ti). rAmu, (1) love, (2) present, give. I, 1 (1) love, imper., kit-ia ra-[-em], Ο. Β. I., 83, II, 24. (2) present, I, 1 prêt., i-ru-um, Susa, 2, II, 24; arad-su i-ri-mu, Susa, 2, II, 33; D. E. P., II, 97, 10; D. E. P., VI, 4 4 , 1 , 4 ; Ο. B. I., 149, I, 22; C. T., X, pl. I I I , 22; i-ri-mu, V. Α., 2663, V, 35; arad-su i-ri-im, Susa, 3, I, 40; Susa, 16, I, 8; V. Α., 2663, IV, 52; arad-zu i-ri-e-mu, D. E. P., II, 112, 9; arad-su i-ri-im-ma, D. E. P., VI, 42, I, 21; ana ûmë(-me) fa-a-ti i-ri-im, Neb. Nippur, III, 13; a-na ûmê fa-ti i-ri-in-iú, III R. 43, edge IV, 6 ; a-l¡ar-ti-ii i-ri-mu, London, 1011,15 ; a-har-ti-ií i-rim-iú, IV R'., 38, II, 29; i-ri-im-{iú-ma], D. E . P., II, 93, I, 8; í-n'-en^ltí, I I I R .

NEBUCHADREZZAR

1.

30δ

43, I, 13; i-ri-mu-Sú, D. E . P., I I , pl. 20, 6; Sa . . . i-ri-mu, Sus», 3, II, 5; prec., Sarru li-riman-ni-ma, C. T., X , pl. I I I , 7. I, 2, ki-it-la ir-tam-ma, (who) loves righteousness, Susa, 3, IV, 53; qu-ul-lii-ul-ta ir-iam, Susa, 3, V, 21. rimfitu, grant, gift. mdSin-bélII ehe'uziru ri-mut ilûni, Ο. Β. I., 149,1, 2; a-na tadMarduk-apalbal egli ri-mut iddina . . uznâ-Su i-Sak-ka-nu, V. Α., 2663, V, 33. rimnô, merciful. [áar] ilûni it-pi-Su rim-nu-ú, C. T., X , pl. IV, 15. narâmu, beloved. na-ra-am dMarduk, V R. 55, 11; na-ram-iu, C. T., X , pl. IV, 17. rûqu, distant, pl., a-na ûmê ru-qu-ú-ti, Susa, 3, I I I , 56. ΡΚΡ, rêSu, (1) head, (2) boundary stone. (1) head, am élu Sa rêSi(SAG) Sa mutati, I I I R. 43, II, 2. (2) boundary stone (cf. p. 197), rei (SAG) egli Sú-a-tu iS-Si-ma, London, 103, I I , 21; ri-eS egli iú-a-tum iS-Sú-ma, Susa, 16, I I I , 6; réí(S.¿G) eqlâti Sa múli tämdi iS-Si-ma, Ο. Β. I., 83, I, 12; rêi(SAG) eqli iS-Sú-ma, Ο. Β. I., 149,1, 20. r&tu, top. pl., (d·Sumalia) a-Si-bat ri-Se-e-ti, V R. 56, 47. rêStû, first. i-na Sotti rêitî, Susa, 16, I I , 13; Sak-ku-Su rvS-tUr-ú, Neb. Nippur, I , 19; dNabû [mâru] reS-tu-û Sa E-sag-ila, London, 102, I, 44.

IV, 10; .4nu rabú béht rabû, I I I R. 43, IV, 30 ; mar-ka-su rabú(-ú), Susa, 2, IV, 27; mûri-Su rabî(-i), London, 102, IV, 31 ; ütu çi-hir ra-bi, V R. 56, 29; hràb ù-ri-e, master of the horse, X R . 55, 53; fem., rabítum, a-Si-ir-tum rabîtum Sa dE-a, Susa. 2, IV, 6 ¡ a-zu-qal-la-tu rabítum. Susa, 14, IV, 6; Se-ir-ta-Sú ra-bi-i-ta, Susa, 3, VI, 34 ; i-na am-ma-ti ra-bi-i-ti, D. E. P.,II,pl.20, 6, and passim ; béltu rabitu, Neb. Nippur, IV, 20; be-el-tu rabUu{-tu), I I I R. 41, I I , 29; d.\ina márat dE-a rabU ti(-ti), O. B. I., 83, I, 22; pl., iláni rabûti, Susa, 2, III, 16; IV, 30; Susa, 14, I I I , 3; London, 103, VI, 1, etc. rubò, prince. (Ellil) rubû(.XUX) bèi gim-ri, Neb, Nippur, I, 2; rubû me-gir-Sur Neb. Nippur, I, 23; II, 21^ rubû me-gir dEn-lil, Neb. Nippur,. II, 15; rubû mun^tal-ku, V. A . r 2663, I, 45; pl., i-na pa-air Sarri ù rubûti(N UN .MES),London, 103, VI, 47; eli Sarri' [bêlil] ù rubí, London, 101, IV,. 12; rubû, D. E. P., II, 97, 14;. rubû na-a-du, V R. 55, 1 ; V. Α.,. 2663, II, 31; Ο. Β. I., 83, I r 20;; dIS-tar be-el-tu ru-ba iláni, I I I KT, 41, I I , 21 ; fem., ma-sab ru-ba-tî, Susa, 2, IV, 26. rubûtu,lordship. ul-lu-ú rubû(NUN)-us-su iq-bi, V. Α., 2663,1, 30.

Π31, rabû, great, prince. daianu rabû, Susa, 2, IV, 13; Susa, 14, I I I , 3; rabû ma-lik Sarri, Susa, 3, VI, 2; ( d Samai) ràb Samé(-e) u irriti {-ti), I I I R . 43, 20

rabAçu, crouch. I, 1 prêt., i-na ka-mat ûlî-Sû ai if, Ο. Β. I., 149, I I I , 8.

Surbû, sublime, glorious. f., dGu-la bêltu(-tu) Sur-bu-tum, Susa, 3, VII, 15.

III, 1 prec., li-Sar-bi-fu-bi-ma, 16, VI, 17.

ir-biSusa,

306

A NEW

BOUNDARY

STONE

OF

ridûtu, government. rabifu, demon. BU-mTu-na-mi-is-sa-afi ja ri-du-ti, lu rabifu (MA&K1M) limuUi-iu IV R.' 38, I, 15. bi-ma, Neb. Nippur, IV, 26. 3n. U i t a f u , court. II, I inf., ia ru-ub-ia a-bu-bu, whose bitu HUu tar-ba-fu, V. Α., 209, II, destruction (or perhaps anger, 29. 3*1) is a stormflood, Neb. NipOJi, ragâmu, raise a claim. pur, IV. 22 (cf. p. 182). I, I pres., i-da-ab-bu-bu i-rag-gu-mu, p i , rê?u, helper. London, 103, V, 34 ; i^rag-gu-mu ri-fu-iu-ma, D. E. P., VI, 47, 21. ú-iar-ga-mu, Susa, 14, II, 10; ]*Πΐ, ratjâçu, flood. a-na a-ba-mei ul i-rag-gu-mu, I, 1 prec., dRammûn . . . ugár-iú liLondon, 102, IV, 35; V. Α., 209, ir-ki-if-ma, III R. 41, II, 32; I, 30; II, 40; III, 16, 28; V, 3; I R. 70, IV, 11. inf., ai-iu la ra-ga-mu, C. T., X, ΓΓ1, rtjju, remaining. pl. V, 9 ;la ta-a-ra u la ra-ga-mi, 206 iMuzêru ri-ftu, Susa, 2, II, 25; London, 103, III, 30. ul ri-hu . . ., Neb. Nippur, I I I , Ill, I prea.,ii-iar-ga-mu,London, 103, 29; ù ri-fri eqli bU abi-ia, C. T., V, 35; Susa, 14,11, 11. X, pl. III, 6. rugumraû, reclamation. 331, rakkabu, saddle(?). tap-qir-ta ù ru-gu-um-ma-a, Susa, rak-kab sisé, I I I R. 41, I, 16; rak3, II, 16; ru-gu-um-ma-a 16 kab imèru amurrû, I I I R. 41, I, i-Sú-ú, London, 102, IV, 34; 18. ru-gam-ma-a ul i-ii, V. Α., 209, narkabtu, chariot. I, 28; II, 39; III, 14, 27; V, 1; bèi narkabti, charioteer, V R. ai-iu Tu-gu-um-[mi-ï] an-ni-i ki55, 34; *»"narkabtu la ra-kasi, nii iH'-al-]ïu, C. T., X, pl. V, 10. C. T., IX, pl. V, 37; III R. 41, I, 15. I . m i , ridû, inarch. I, 1 pres., U-lak iarru . . . i-rid-di D31, rak&su, hitch up, attach. d I, 1 inf., imêri-Su la ra-ka-si, **unarNabû-kudurri^ufur,\R. 55,23. kabtu la ra-ka-si, C. T., I X , pl. I I . i m , rldd, drive, lead. V, 36, 37; [im&-é]-$u-nu α-ηα la I, 1 prec., i-na limutti(-ti) li-ir-di-iú, ra-ka-ei-inwna, I R. 66, I, 9; London, 101, III, 13. part., li-mi-nu . . . lu-ú ra-ki1, 2 prec., a-na limuUi(-ti) ù la is it-ti-iu, V R. 56, 44. tâbti(-ti) li-ir-U-id-durM, III R. riksu, bond, hold. 41, II, 37; a-na li-mut-ti li-ir-teia ri-ki-is-su la ip-paf-fa-ru, Susa, di-hl, I I I R. 43, IV, 14; i-na 3, VI, 45; I I I R. 41, Π , 25; limutti(-ti) lirtedtäu(U$-U$-hi), ri-ki-is-su la pa-fi-ro, I R. 70, London, 103, VI, 14; α-ηα III, 14; rv4k-eu la pa-fe^ra, I I I limuUi(-ti) li-ir-te-4d-di-iu, I R. R. 43, III, 32; ia rik-tu la pa70, III, 24. [(e-ra], London, 102,1, 41. III, I inf., a-na ta-mi-ir-ti-hi la himarkasu, band. rw-dv4m-ma, Susa, 3; III, 20. mar-ka-su rabû{-u), Susa, 2, IV, 27. rtdû, leader, captain (cf. p. 176). 731, ramàku, pour out. Zu rirdu-ú lu ba-za-an-nu, Neb. I, I prec., ki-ma mi li^ir-mu^uk, Susa, Nippur, III, 20. 3, VII, 25; kîma mê li*r-muk,

NEBUCHADREZZAR D. E. P., IV, pi. 16, II, 4; ¿¿-[ma] mê li-ir-muk, Ο. Β. I., 149, III, 5; London, 102, II, 24; ki-i-ma mê li-ir(-mu)-muk, III R. 43, IV, 18; ki-i mê li-irmuk, I R. 70, IV, 8. I, 2 prec., ki-ma mê li-ir-tam-muk, III R. 41, II, 31. raniAnu, ramnu, self. a-na ra-ma-ni-Su i-iak-ka-nu, I R. 70, II, 12; III R. 43, III, 19; ma-li-ku ram-ni-iu, V. Α., 2663, II, 51 ; a-na i-di ram-ni-hi-nv ú-tir-ru-ma, C. T., X, pl. V, 5; a-na i-di ram-ni-iu ú-tar-ru, C. T., X, pl. VII, 34. p"*, ríntnu, whining. li-rik ri-nin-iú-ma, London, 101, IV, 13. IS"1, rapädu, lie down. I, I prec., ki-ma ú-ma-am fi-ri si-ra li-ir-pu-ud, Susa, 3, VII, 2; e-ma purîmê çêri li-ir-pu-ud, Susa, 14, IV, 4. I, 2 prec., i-na ka-mat ôli-iù li-irtap-pu-ud, III R. 41, II, 18; I R. 70, III, 21; li-ir-ta-pu-ud, D. E. P., VI, 43, III, 15; i-na ka-mat âli-Su lü-tap-pu-ud, V. Α., 209, V, 12. rapäu, wide. rap-ia uznâ(PI2), broad minded, V. Α., 2663, II, 48; fem., tam-tim rapaHtim(DAGAL-tim), V. Α., 2663, II, 16. riqqu, V-Ä^yT > gardener. h riqqu ia ili rabí, V. Α., 209, IV, 17. (For the ideogr. cf. Clay, Β. E., XIV, List of Signs, No. 129.) 3ΒΠ, raSubbu, powerful. ra-hib-bi *A-nun-na-ku, Neb. Nippur, I, 11. ΠΕΠ, raSû, take possession, have. I, 1 prêt., ai ir-íú-ú ni-da a-fci, may he not have a resting place, Siisa, 2, III, 27; pi-ri ai ir-iu,

I.

307

Susa, 14, IV, 17; ir-Sa-a sa-li-me (relat.), granted favor, V. Α., 2663, I, 19; inf., a-na paq-ri la τα-ie-e, not to make reclamation, I R. 70, I, 20; ru-gu-umma-a la ra-ie-e, Susa, 3, II, 17; ai-ht paq-ri la ra-ie-e, London, 102, II, 34. Ill, 1 prêt., >h''uzéra u pi-ir-a ai úiar-Si-iú, may he not let him have, Susa, 3, VII, 13; na-aq mê [at ú}-iar-lm, D. E. P., VI, 45, IV, 11; ai ú[-iar]-hi-{ú\ D. E. P., VI, 46, III, 4, 7; himu ai u-iar-hi-$u, D. E. P., VI, 47, 3; [na-a}q mê ai ú-iar-ii-iu, London, 102, II, 19. riiû, creditor. m

Zcr-ukin mâr mKar-zi-ab-ku raiú-ú, London, 102, IV, 33; raia-a ul zak-ki, the creditor has not been satisfied, London, 102, IV, 39. rittu, hand. [etemmi-$u\ a-na efemmi rit-ti-iú ai is-ni-iq, Susa, 16, VI, 22. ¿a, (1) who, (2) of, passim, m u , that, he. i-na iatti ia-a-M, London, 103, V, 5; ia i-na eqli Sa-hi ia-ak[-nu], D. E. P., VI, 45, V, 10; ία-α-Ju himi-hi ù iêri-ίιί, he himself, London, 101, IV, 8; amelu ia-aiú, V R. 56, 37; a-na libbi(-bi) eqlu ia-a-hi, London, 102, II, 33; pi. fem., eqlAti ia-H-na, C. T., X, pl. V, 6 ; esqêti ia-ii-na, V. Α. 211,III, 5. Su'atii, that, passim. Usually iú-a-tu, Neb. Nippur, III, 13, 20, 27, etc.; i-na hi-'-a-ti, whereupon, London, 103, IV, 30; abnupuppi iur-ma-tu(l) (so Dr. Ungnad), V. Α., 208, 48; ina ka-nak fuppi(IM) ¡umáti{MU.MES), V. Α., 2663, IV, 56.

308

A NEW

BOUNDARY

Sattu, eternity. a-na iat-ti, forever, Neb. Nippur, I, 22. àe'u, seed. Only found as a determinative for »he'uzéru, eeedfield, Susa, 2, I, 14; Neb. Nippur, II, 25, I I I , 7, etc., and in »MvBAR, London, 103, III, 18, 19, etc. ΠΚ,Ρ, Sê'u, to see. I, 2 prêt., ai-rat dNabû u dMarduk iS-te-e-ma, he looked after (cared for) the sanctuaries, V. Α., 2663, III, 10; ü-te-'-u-ma \ur(?)]-