A Complete History of the United States of America Embracing the whole Period from the Discovery of North America Down to the Year 1820 [2]

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OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, EMBRACING THE WHOLE PERIOD FROM

THE DISCOVERY OF NORTH AMERICA. DOWN TO

THE YEAR IN

1820.

THREE VOLUMES.

BY FREDERICK BUTLER, Author of

A.

M.

Compend

of General History,^'*— ^'Sketches of Farmer^ s Manxial."' Universal History,'''' and

"./?

Calechttical

^''-

'^qUI

TRAJ^STULIT SUSTINETV

% VOL.

II.

HARTFORD

:.

PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR

1821.

*#*w^

THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY OPT.

06

ASTOn, L€NOX AND TILOEN FuUNDATrONS.

DISTRICT OF COKKECTICUT, ^'

^'

JjE

SS.

REMEMBERED

That on the eighteenth day of Janua; IT the forty-fifth year of the independence of the United States of America, Frederick Butler of the said District, hath deposited iu this office the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as Author, in the words (ollowing, to wit, " A Complete History of the United States of America, embracing the whole period from the discovery of North America, down to By Frederick Butler, A. M. Author of the year 1820. In three volumes. *' A Catechetical Compend of General History,"— "Sketches of Universal ry,

in

History," and '' Farmer's Manual." " Qvi transluM sustinei.^'' In conformity to the act of the Congress of the Unifed States, entitled, "-An act " for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts " and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the " times therein mentiooed."

CHARLES

A. INGER?OLL, Clerk of the District of Connecticut.

A

true

copy of Record, examined and sealed by me,

CHARLES

A. INGERSOLL, Clerk of the District of Connecticut,

ROBFl.TS ANDBthK, Pli)^TERS.

his government, and industry, harmony, and The contrast here exhibitplenty, to tliis ruined colony. ed

to the life,

between

tion, corruption,

faction, discord, idleness, dissipa-

and their inseparable companion,

and concord, industry, virtue, and enjoyment, ing to need any Vor,. TI.

comment.

The example '2

is

here

distress

;

too strik-

is

not par-

HISTORY OF

10 ticular

it is

;

universal

;

and

in similar cases,

and under

similar circumstances, will ever prove the same.

Who dence

that surveys with attention the remarkable coinci-

of events, in the dispensations of divine providence,

in scourging this colony for their

blessings

which

wanton abuse of

all

those

they enjoyed, at the departure of President

Smith, and yet preserving them from utterly falling a prey

and pestilence, as well as the

to the distresses of famine

fury of the savages

flames

in

;

preserved their houses from the

their absence

Lord Delaware, who

;

and sent them a deliverer

in

should restore them to their former

prosperity, does not see the hand of

God

played for the preservation of Virginia

particularly dis-

?

Lord Delaware brought out one whole

year's provisions,

and the next year they were supplied by the London Company, with about six hundred people, two hundred cattle,

two hundred hogs,

great variety of necessary

as well as a

forward the improvements of

utensils for labour, to carry

the colony.

to

The government of Lord Delaware, may be fairly commence the history of Virginia. In 1611, Lord

aware returned

to

England, by reason of

government devolved upon

Sir

ill

said

Del-

health, and the

Thomas Dale, who began

the settlement of Henrico, (which he called after Prince

Henry,) and

in 1612, eighty settlers arrived at

Jamestown.

Avarice was the moving principle that operated in settling the

Colony of Virginia.

expended large sums of money,

The London Company had to

promote the settlement

of a colony for the advantages of trade tions

thesupphes colony.

to

The

fall

so

much

but their expecta-

short of the necessities of the

avarice of the adventurers had led most of

them out into this wilderness, under dreams, where they expected to riot free

;

had hitherto been disappointed, which had occasioned

the illusion of golden in

ease and wealth,

from the restraints of law, and the fatigues of labour

:

THE UNITED STATES. hence

their idleness, dissipation,

their factions, brought on

11

and corruption,

them poverty and

as well as

These

ruin.

licentious habits required a severe and rigid military gov-

ernment

this,

;

added

to their habits,

was

a

check

many

to their

down

industry and enterprise, and kept the colony

for

years.

In 1613,

God in

his

providence opened upon the colony.

an event as striking and as interesting, as well as useful to as the salvation of

the colony,

Captain Smith by Poca-

hontas. A Mr. Rolf, (who became secretary to the colony,) became attached to the young Pocahontas obtained ;

her affection

;

offered her his

of her father, and Sir

hand

;

and with the consent

Thomas Dale, they were Mr. Rolf,

the bands of wedlock, April, 1614.

and affectionate husband, sought

to

united in

like a true

improve the mind of

the young princess, both in useful knowledge and religion

;

and by the assistance of their clergyman, the Rev. Mr. Whitaker, she soon acquired the English language

;

em-

hraced the christian religion, and was baptised by the name of Rebekah. In 1616,

Mr. Rolf, with

his wife, visited

England, where

she was introduced to her majesty, and treated w^ith great respect and attention at court, and amongst people of dis-

educated,

The Lady Rebekah died on her one son, who was handsomely and when he grew into life, came out to Virginia,

where he

lived in affluence and

tinction in visit at

London.

London, and

left

respectability,

and died

much lamented. Sonje of the most respectable families

in Virginia

sprang

from Mr. Thomas Rolf, the son of the Indian princess, Pocahontas, and the deliverer of Capt. Smith.

This alliance

secured to the colony, the friendship of the sacliem Powhatan, and through him, a

with the Indians

;

collisions, as often

general peace and tranquillity

excepting such instances of individual took place between those lazy idle plaat-

OF

JIlSTOllY

12

who had

ers,

work

rather rob and plunder ihe^ndians, tliau

or starve

;

these quarrels were frequent

did not provoke war, because Powhatan, by

;

but they

his friendly in-

fluence, restrained the rcseiiliiieuts of the Indians, and kept

the peace.

About

this tinie.

Gov. Smith

in the

character of an ad-

venturer, ajiain visited the shores of America, and drew charts of the coast of JS'orth Virginia, to which he gave the

name

of

Xew- Engl and.

to attend to his

he

left

own

Thomas Dale was now

Sir

called

aftlurs in England, and in April 1616,

the colony under the administration of Mr.

George

Yeardley,

When Gov. colony

Ycardley came

a rising ^tate

in

;

to the chair,

their affairs

he found the

under the wise and

judicious administration of Gov. Yale, had begun to flourish

and become prosperous

had been suppressed

had begun

to prevail.

;

indolence and licentiousness

;

and industry, morals, and order

The

administration of

ley continued but one year,

Mr. the

Gov. Yeard-

when he was superseded by

a

Argall, through the instrumentality of his friends in

London Company; and

in

May

1617, he arrived in

Virginia, and entered upon the administration of the colo-

ny.

Armed with

the powers of lieutenant-governor and

high admiral of those seas tration as a despot

avarice,

at the

;

fully

;

lie

entered upon his admirjis-

bent on gratifying

liis

power and

expense of every thing that was for the

peace and interest of the colony, or the happiness and Such was (he tyranjiy and rapaprosperity of the people. city of this

man, that under an administration of two years. all the improvements that had been made by

he subverted

a Delaware, a Gates, and a Dale; and threw the colony back to the times of (Jov. Smith, notwithstanding the efforts that

had been made by the London Company, during

a period of nine or twelve years.

A

period

in

which Ihey

had expended more than eighty thousand pound

sterling.

THE UNITED STATES.

13

and from the number of sixteen hundred and seventy

souls,

which had been carried into the colony, more than twelve hundred had been lost by sickness, savage barbarities, or an oppressive and rapacious government. In the midst of this

distress, tlie

colony awaited with

anxious impatience the arrival of Lord Delaware, (who

they learnt had embarked from England, once more, to bless the colony, v/ith his presence and government their hopes

were blasted

;

of Delaware Bay, where he died,

name

felt

1618; and thus gave This

ever continued.

to a bay, that has

severely

but again,

;)

reached the mouth

his lordship

loss

was

by the colony, and although considered at the

time as irreparable, yet

God had

not forsaken this people

;

new change in the London Company, removed Sir Thomas Smith from the chair, and raised up Sir Edwin

a

This change in the company, Sandys, as his successor. removed Governor Argall, and raised Sir George Yeardley to the government of the colony; and in May 1619, he arrived in Virginia, and resumed the government.

gloom which had overspread the colony was pelled

;

hope beamed

swelled in every breast

in ;

every countenance,

That

once

dis-

and joy

they no longer groaned under the

cruel oppression of an avaricious despot selves free, and once

at

more restored

;

but

felt

them-

to the liberties of freeliberties,

were

guaranteed to them, by a charter from the London

Com-

born Englishmen.

This freedom and these

pany, which confirmed the possession of

both real and personal, free from

all

all

their estates,

those despotic services,

with which they had been held, and thus laid the true foundation of liberty, industry, and enterprise

The

complaints that had reached the London

against governor Argall, had not only

of the

in Virginia.

company

to the true situation,

Company

opened the eyes

and interest of the

colony, but had drawn from them an order to Governor

Yeardley, to arrest the ex-governor, and try him in the

HISTORY OF

14

colony, for mal-administration.

Justice, iii^his instance,

halted with both legs; Argall got a hint of the order, and

made

his escape,

their

want of vigilance and energy, robbed justice of

rights,

and the governor and the people, through

and Argall remained unhung.

During

all this

period, the planters had endured

fatigues and distresses, as

attempted to

settle,

single

men, and had

only six or seven towns

London Company

the

her.

sent out a

new

all their

settled, or

but this year

;

recruit of about

twelve* hundred and sixteen persons, and a colony of one

hundred and

forty

women, who had a

tract of land assigned

to them, and who formed the settlement called Maids'

Woman puioned

Town.

the expedition to discover ia,

herjczvtls to furnish

Columbus for

Woman

saved Virgin-

America.

by rescuing Captain Smith at the hazard of her

and by the powers of virtuous

atTection,

life

;

gave to the colony

—

some of her best citizens and zvoman, in the settlement of Maids' Town, gave to the colony new spirits, efforts, and energies.

The

planters,

true to their interests and

happiness, as well as the best good of the colony, selected

them wives from the new setltement of Maids' Town, which, changed that settlement,) soon gave new life parts of the colony and new scenes, new amusements,

(although to all

it

;

new habits of industry, and enterprise, as well as enjoyment, became universal. This was an eventful year to Virginia.

In

June 1621, the governor summoned the

first

General

Assembly, and as the election of the representation was made from towns, which held the rights and forms of boroughs, the lower house of assembly were termed the House of Burgesses, which continues to dissolved martial law, in due

and the

The

rights of the civil

law

this

day.

This assembly

form, and gave

freedom,

to the planters of Virginia.

legislature of the colony forwarded an address to

James

I.

in

which they recounted the

King

distressing calamitief

THE UNITED STATES. the colony had endured, from their to that time

tresses

;

first

a catalouge black indeed

have been generally noticed,

summary, and proceed

15

settlement

but as these dis-

;

shall

I

down

wave

a general

to notice the rising prosperity of

Virginia.

This year King James ordered the bishops of England to

make

a general collection in their several dioceses, for

the purpose of laying the foundation of a college in Virginia, for the

promotion of literature, and the diffusion of the

knowledge of God amongst the people.

The order was

carried into effect, and fifteen hundred pounds sterling were raised,

added

and much more _was expected

the foundation of the

to

be raised

this

;

thousand acres of wild lands, laid

to a grant of ten

first

college in Virginia, and Mrl*

George Thorpe, one of the privy council of the king, as London Company, was sent out as de-

well as one of the

puty to the company, and supevintendant of the college. This school was designed not only to teach and christianize the colony, but also the Indians,

and was calculated to

be open equally for the children of both.

apparent prosperity in the colony, in

the midst of plenty, to visit

that swept off about three

was a calamity severely itself,

yet

it

may be

God was

them with

Under

a mortal sickness,

hundred of the people.

felt

;

all this

pleased again-

but important as

it

This

was

in

when compared London Company, to

considered as small,

with the order of King James to the

own expence, one hundred convicts into The licentiousness and corrupVirginia.

transport, at their

the colony of tions of the

colony, had hitherto subjected them to every

degree of hardship and distress

;

but

this addition,

by the

order of the king, subjected them to a reflection from Mr. Styth, their historian, in

severest reflections British America.

which he

is

upon one of the

pleased to pass the finest

portions

of

HISTORY OF

\G

In 1622, private adventurers in England fitted out twen-

ty-one ships, which conveyed thirteen hundred passengers

and Sir Francis Wyat was sent out

to Virginia,

to introduce

that had

Those early attempts

to the colony.

some form of

as govei nor

been made

religious worship into the colony,

had long since been destroyed through the licentiousness of the planters

;

and the new addition of convicts to their

numbers had increased the had now made one grand

but the

evils,

effort,

London Company

through the instumentalit_y

of Sir Francis Wyat, to give a christian form to the colony, and lay the foundation of such institutions, as might

knowledge and wor-

rising generation, to the

up the

train

ship of the one true God. In the midst of these efforts and labours,

Powhatan had

and was succeeded by the Sachem Opecancanoaugh. This prince was of a haughty imperious temper, who hated He took adthe English, and sought their destruction. died,

vantage of that familiarity with which the Indians visited the English settlements, to

become acquainted with

their

manner of life, and learn the security into which they had Opecancanoaugh entered into a general conspiracy fallen. with the neighbouring Indians, to exterminate the English,

On

and destroy their settlements.

the 22d of May, the whole

confederacy entered the settlements of the English at mid day, and at a signal given, the

was begun and

forty,

thirsty this

;

work of butchery and of death

and in less than one hour, about three hundred

of

all

ages and sexes,

fell

victims to the blood-

rage of these merciless savages.

In the midst of

carnage, a friendly Indian disclosed the plot, to

Pace,

whom

he was destined

to kill

;

ai'd

a

Mr.

Mr. Pace jiave

The

seasonable warning to Jamestown, and elsewhere.

people stood to their arms, and collecting from the scattered plantations which had not been attacked, they as-

sembled

in

the principal

towns, and thus secured '.hem-

selves from the further destruction of the savages

;

but

THE UNITED STATES. thei r cattle

were driven

their houses

upon

and destroyed. In

oif,

17

their mills, iron- works, and

their plantations,

were

even

burnt, pillaged,

this distressing calamity,

Mr. Thorpe, the

superintendant of the college, was killed, the college lands

abandoned, and the institution thus destroyed

in its infancy.

Great was the distress of the colony, a distress which

many

never recovered, and which as a colony they did not

for a

long time recover.

At

this

time the Plymouth Colony in

have been

lost

New

England would

with famine, had they not been relieved by

Captain Henry Hudson, who had made a settlement at the

mouth of the

Roused

river that bears his

name.

to a sense of their folly as well as their wrongs,

the colony,

armed

the savages, and

for the

combat, entered the villages of

in their turn laid

waste their dwellings, put

the inhabitants to an indiscriminate butchery, carried off large quantities of corn, and returned in triumph to their

settlements.

This gave a severe blow to the Indains,

which wasted them with famine and distress the next winter

but

;

when added

to the plentiful crops of the English,

gave them peace and plenty, 1623. This year, 1624, King James I. issued writs of Quo Warranto against the London Company, and in July the colony was dissolved

were

Thus

all

;

their records, books,

and papers

seized and removed, by the ministers of the king.

this little

colony, which had expended so

much blood

and treasure, and endured such incredible hardships, to plant the colony of Virginia, were broken up, thrown into a state of nature and ruined, by the act of that sovereign

who had never expended moting

a cent for the planting, or proSuch, so Jickle, and so dan-

this infant settlement.

gerous are

the wills

We have

of monarchs.

noticed the establishment of

a

regular govern-

ment, under the General Assembly of Virginia, this

in

1621

;

government decreed that the colony should hereafter

Vol.

II.

-^

HISTORY OF

18

be govcnictl by two supreme councils

;

the one called the

Council of State, subject to the controul of the coui

cil in

England; and the other called the General Assembly, to be convened annually by the governor, or oftener,

as cir-

The General Assembly was

cumstances may require.

consist of the Council of State, and

two Burgesses

to

to

be

chosen out of every town, hundred or plantation, which assembly thus formed, should make

all

their decisions

by a

majority of votes, reserving to the governor a casting vote.

The powers all

of this assembly to be strictly legislative, and

laws by them enacted to be in strict conformity to the

laws of England.

No

laws were to

approved by the company

in

become

binding, until

England, and returned under

the ratification of their seal.

It

was

also provided, that

no laws of the company in England should bind the colony, The settlement unless ratified by the Colonial Assembly. of this colony

down

to the

year 1621, had cost the compa-

ny more than 130,000/. sterling private adventurers lost

;

but

crown.

all

;

;

besides the expences of

and more than 4000

was now absorded

lives hai

been

in the prerogative of the

THE UNITED

STATES..

CHAPTER

19

II.

NORTH-CAROLINA. DISCOVERY

We

OF ITS NAME RISE AND PROGRESS OP THE COLONY.

ORIGIiV

have noticed

in the

preceding chapter, the discovery

of Virginia, the origin of gress of the colony,

under King James

down

I.

its

name, and the

rise

We

in 1624.

have also noticed the

discovery of Florida, by Ponce de Leon

name, and the attempts made

to settle

;

the origin of

A

it.

this discovery, as related

ecdote that led to

and pro-

to the dissolution of their charter

its

singular an-

by Dr. Wil-

liamson, in his ingenious History of North-Carohna,

may

not be uninteresting.

" Florida, (says Dr. Williamson,) was discovered

in the

year 1502, by an accident that would be classed among the fables, not

with correct history,

men, did not compel us

to

if

the foibles and follies of

believe

many

other stories,

The

equally at variance with nature and sense.

diligent

and persevering research after the philosopher's stone,*

had long been the opprobium of chemistry visionary, at this

;

and many a

hour, continues in chase of the perpetual

motion, a thing impossible in nature. "

It

had been reported, a few years after the discovery

of America, that there was a fountain in Bimini, one of the

Bahama

Islands, that

had the marvellous and happy power

of restoring youth and vigour to aged persons,

bathe in

its

waters,

aged inhabitant of Porto

Ilico,

to lurii all that

in

it

^>ut

believed the story, and

sailed in quest of the grand resforative.

westward, he di'scovered land, *This was supposed

who should

Jean Ponce dc Leon, a wealthy

Stretching to the

March, the sabbath before touched, into Gold.

HISTORY OF

29

Easter, which

Spaniards call Pargua de L'loies

the

which reason he called the counti} Florida.

Leon dipped himself in every stream, or fountain no Bramin or Mahomedan could match him

saw

5

tions

but he returned an older man.

;

tempts to recover

) ouih,

For

ed a commission

this

he

that

in ablu-

Failing in his at-

he resolved to increase

expence of the natives.

at the

lor

;

Ponce de

his

wealth

purpose he obtain-

explore and conquer, and in 1513, he

to

entered upon the coast of Florida with a body of men, and a settlement, as has already

began

been noticed, which

laid

the foundation to the claims of Spain."

This anecdote goes to shew, not only the disposition of that age to ascribe to the

the marvellous lity that

;

new

but also to

world, every description of

shew the high degree of credu-

prevailed, and their combined etfects in producing

a spirit of adventure.

We

have noticed

also, in

our

last

chapter, the adven-

tures and discovery of the coast between Florida and Virginia,

by Ribault, under the patronage of Cliattillon, Ad-

miral of France

;

his

discovery of the River St. Mary's,

now

the southern boundary of the United States.

have

also noticed the further discoveries

the next year, by Laudonnier, and the

upon

We

this coast

name he gave

to

the country, in honour of his master, Charles IX. king of

France, and called

it

Carolina, 1563.

The successive adventures upon

this coast

have

all

been

noticed under Virginia, because this whole coast was then

known

only by that

Before

we

awaited the

name

to Ihe English.

enter upon a detail of the adventures that

first

settlers of North-Carolina,

we

one more anecdote related by Dr. Williamson, discovery of the coast.

will notice in the first

Speaking of the adventures of

Waller Raleigh upon this coast, in the year 1684, he says, " They landed at the mouth of an inlet, which they

Sir

THE UNITED STATES.

21

took lor a river, and returning thanks to God, they took possession of the country for

was sandy

Queen Ehzabeth.

but every tree and

;

The

grapes, and the low ground was covered with

They soon discovered

that they

land

was loaded with

shrub

were upon an

tall

cedars.

island about

twenty miles long, which the Indians called Wockocken,

On

the third day after their arrival, three of the natives

appeared, for the tirsttime,on the beach, and received some

On

presents.

proached the

the following day, forty or

They

ships.

left their

Indians ap-

fifty

canoes at a small

dis.

lance, in the cove, and presented themselves on the beach.

Granganimo, the sachem, was amongst those Indians rank appeared by his deportment long mat

;

;

he took

his seat

mat

some of their people signs to seat

the rest of the Indians stood at a

;

The

respectful distance.

in

masters of the ships landed v/ith

arms.

The

themselves near him.

head and breast, and then touched

prince

He

theirs, to

same time made

a

to understand.

They gave him sundry

The

the natives

;

;

presents, which he

and they gave presents to

5

his ofticers,

but the prince took the w:;ole to him-

twenty

skins, to the value of

for a tin dish,

kw

After a

wife and children pearls

signify his

and at the

next day a profitable trade was opened with ;

were received tion, &ic.

;

long speech, which they wished in vain

thankfully received

attended him

made them

then touched his

desire of mutual confidence and friendship

self.

his

and four ofhis chief men seated themselves upon

the other end of the

who

;

upon a

:

days,

and other

twenty crowns,

articles in propor-

Granganimo introduced

she was ornamented with strings

and wore a cloak and apron of

his oj

skins, dressed in thf>

When the ships had been some time at their anchorage, one of the captains, with seven or eight of the adventurers,

fur.

proceeded

in a

f,

boat towards Roanoke Island, where thev

arrived the next day.

On

the north end of the island was

1 small town, consisting of eight or ten houses, built of

HISTORY OF

22

cedar, and surrounded with pallisadoes, for del'ence against

Granganimo

an enemy. at

home

tain

left

the cap-

company nothing to desire. She ordered her Their boat carry them ashore on their hacks.

his

people to

was drawn up, and

Some

women washed

their feet.

it

was rainy.

their stockings,

and others

to dry their clothes; for

fire

of her

She placed her

their oars secured.

guests by the

washed

he was not

;

but the untaught civility of his wife

;

and

town

lived in that

Their clothes being dry, she conduct-

ed them into another apartment, and gave them ful dinner,

consisting of roasted venison,

They used

mellons, and sundry fruits.

wooden

dishes.

a plenti-

hommony,

While the strangers were

at dinner, t..o

Indians entered the house with their bows and arrows

white

men looked

The

at their arms.

fish,

earthen pots, and

the

;

princess did not

want anv further remonstrance. The Indians were turned 'She intreated her and their hows were broken. out, guests to stay

all^

night in the Palace

;

but they launched

their boat, and dropped a grapnel at some distance from She observed, with marks of grief, that she had the shore.

not gained their confidence

;

but she pressed them no fur-

Their supper was sent

ther.

to the boat,

and they were

supplied with mats, as a defence from the rain forty

men and women were

night

o'n

directed to watch near them

particulars of this visit

conduct of that woman

is

the stranger and the afflicted in

These natives,

of that attention,

may expect

the

fe-

which

to receive

from

any part of the world."

strangers, at their departure, took on board

two

and carried them to England, where one of them

learnt the Er.glish language, and

preter.

all

have been detailed, because

a correct portrait of the

male character, and a specimen

woman

thirty or

the beach."

"The the

;

The

became

a useful inter-

friendship of Mantineo, continued faithful to

EngUsh to his death.

THE UxNITED STATES.

23

In 1585, a squadron of seven ships sailed from England.

command

the coast of Virginia, under the

for

Ralph Lane and

Sir Richard Grenville, as

under Virginia.

of Captain

was noticed

This squadron reached the coast, and an-

chored without the bar,

at

They immediately began

Wockocken, on the 26th of July.

to explore the coast in their boats,

and crossing the sound, dicovered an Indian settlement, near to the mouth of Pamlico River, and another near

mouth of

the

the Neus, and from

where they were

stands,)

thence they directed

Socotan, (near to where Beaufort

their course to

cordially received

now

by Wingina,

brother of Granganimo, and from thence they returned to

Aquascosack, (an Indian settlement on the Neus,)

mand age.

a silver

The

Indians conscious of guilt, and apprehensive of

danger, fled to the woods, and

mercy of the English. revenge the village,

to de-

cup that had been stolen upon a former voy-

left

their- village at the

These merciless adventurers,

of one single silver cup, set

loss

and reduced

it

fire to

to

the

to ashes.

This wanton abuse of power, sowed the seeds of future

judgments and calamities, and kindled

the breasts

in

of

the savages a spirit of revenge, which none but a savage

ought to bour,

feel,

much

and which even a savage ought not to har-

less

Grenville, not

The experience

execute.

have taught such men to

as Captain

of ages, should

Lane and

Sir Richard have wantonly kindled a savage fire,

which nothing but savage revenge could ever extinguish; but they were bhnd to

ail

nature's remonstrances.

former example, and deaf to

Soon

after this

event the ships

began to return to England, and in the month of August, Sir Richard returned himself. The lading they obtair.ed for a return

voyage, was red ceder, sasafras, and peltry.

Governor Lane continued

wh wjre >

settled

at the

head of this

down upon Roanoke

Island,

remained remaikably healthy through the

little

colony,

where they

season..

IlISTORV Oy

24 In

autumn and

.tvinter,

Governor Lane explored the

He visited

coast, and visited the hidian tribes exteusively.

the Chesopians on Elizabeth Kiver

Roanoke

;

the

the,

;

Moratucks on the

Chowanokes, on the Chowan

the coast as far as

Cape

Hatteras.

All

;

and visited

the Indians upon

the eastern borders of Aibemarl Sound, were called

Wea-

pomiocks, and Okisko was their chief.

We

have noticed the death of Granganimo, and the This chief plotted

accession of Wingina his brother.

Monatennon

mischief and ruin to the English.

also, sa-

chem of the Chowanokes, attempted to divert Governor Lane by distant adventures, either to draw him from hi« coast, or divide his force, so that as

he might destroy such

remained, and that the insulted Indians, who had been

burnt out, might destroy the others.

To

he

effect this^

represented to Governor Lane, that at the distance of three days' journey, lived a powerful king or sachem, whose

country abounded with pearls, apd offered him guides to

conduct of

his

Lane and

journey his

:

but gold, not pearls, was the object

company.

When Monatennon

discovered

the object that the governor had in view, he observed that at the

head of Moratock, a branch of the Roanoke, was That

the land of gold, distant thirty or forty days' journey. this river

sprang from a great rock, that was so near to the

s^\i water, that the

spray dashed across in the, storms, and

injured the fresh water in the river.

atennon was confirmed by such quantities of njuch purer, and

his

This story of Mon-

who

son Skiks,

copper ore upon

described

river, as

this

of a lighter colour than usual,

being

that led

the governor to fancy himself in the neighbourhood of the

great South Sea, and

dream of golden min