A Catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region: Volume II—Suborder Brachycera through Division Aschiza, Suborder Cyclorrhapha 9780824886578

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A Catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region VOLUME II

A CATALOG OF THE DIPTERA OF THE ORIENTAL REGION

VOLUME I I S U B O R D E R BRACHYCERA through DIVISION ASGHIZA, S U B O R D E R CYCLORRHAPHA

Compiled and edited by MERCEDES D . DELFINADO a n d D . ELMO HARDY

The University Press of Hawaii Honolulu

COPYRIGHT © 1975 BY T H E UNIVERSITY PRESS OF HAWAII ALL RIGHTS RESERVED LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 74-174544 ISBN 0-8248-0274-8 MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

To HAROLD OLDROYD

CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

ix

INTRODUCTION Classification New Names Proposed in This Catalog

1 2 2

ORDER DIPTERA SUBORDER BRACHYCERA Superfamily Tabanoidea Superfamily Asiloidea Superfamily Empidoidea

5 5 91 185

SUBORDER CYCLORRHAPHA Division Aschiza Superfamily Lonchopteroidea Superfamily Phoroidea Superfamily Syrphoidea

259 259 259 261 296

BIBLIOGRAPHY

387

INDEX

403

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many specialists on the various groups of Diptera have helped us to produce this catalog. Without their splendid cooperation this volume would not have been possible. We acknowledge with sincere thanks their interest and their support of this project. Following is a list of contributors to this volume and the section each has prepared: Bowden, J . Dyte, C. E. Delfinado, M. D., D. E. Hardy, and L. Teramoto Hardy, D. E. James, M. T. Kelsey, L. P. Kessel, E. Knutson, L. V., F. C. Thompson, and J . R. Vockeroth Lyneborg, L. Nagatomi, A. Oldroyd, H. Papavero, N., and L. V. Knutson Saigusa, T. Schlinger, E. I. Smith, K. G. V. Stone, A.

Bombyliidae Dolichopodidae Phoridae Pipunculidae Stratiomyidae Scenopinidae Platypezidae Syrphidae Nemestrinidae, Therevidae Coenomyiidae, Apioceridae, Rachiceridae, Rhagionidae, Solvidae Asilidae Mydidae Lonchopteridae Acroceridae Conopidae, Empididae Tabanidae

In addition, we are especially grateful to Mr. Harold Oldroyd (London) for his generous advice and help in reading various sections of this volume, and for the numerous notes he sent us pertaining to references; we thank also his colleagues for their tremendous cooperation. We also wish to acknowledge with appreciation the assistance of Mr. David Hollis (London) on the Dolichopodidae; the valuable information supplied by Mr. George C. Steyskal (USDA), Dr. Akira Nagatomi (Kagoshima University), Dr. B. V. Peterson (Ottawa), and Dr. J . R. Vockeroth (Ottawa). We also thank Ms. Linden Teramoto and Ms. Deanna R. Espinas for their valuable assistance throughout the preparation of this catalog. The publication of this volume was made possible by National Science Foundation Grant GN-32474. The Biomedical Sciences, University Research Council, University of Hawaii, has also provided us partial support for bibliographic help.

INTRODUCTION This is the second volume of a three-volume work, A Catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region. It records primarily the families of the suborder Brachycera, the so-called horse flies, snipe flies, robber flies, and related forms, but also includes the families of Cyclorrhapha through the Division Aschiza, such as big-eyed flies, bee- and hover flies. In this catalog we recognize 329 valid genera and 3,037 valid species, including 32 subgenera, 42 subspecies and varieties distributed among 16 families in the Brachycera; 176 valid genera and 1,440 valid species, including 32 subgenera and 10 subspecies and varieties in 6 families of Aschiza, Cyclorrhapha. In all, this volume catalogs approximately 5,500 entries, plus synonymies, errors, emendations, misidentifications, nomina nuda and nomina dubia. We have tried to include all names proposed from 1758 through 1972. Like the nematocerous Diptera, the Oriental Brachycera-Cyclorrhapha Aschiza fauna is still poorly known, and much work is yet to be done. T h e format, arrangement, and treatment of various subjects follow essentially that of Volume 1. Reference should be made to that volume for explanatory information pertaining to the general features of this work.

2

A Catalog of Diptera of the Oriental Region, Vol. II Classification

As in Volume 1, we have followed, with few exceptions, the arrangement of the families within superfamilies adopted by Stone et al. (1965). The following list gives the number of valid genera and species in the Oriental region:

Suborder Brachycera Superfamily Tabanoidea Family Coenomyiidae Family Rachiceridae Family Solvidae Family Stratiomyidae Family Tabanidae Family Rhagionidae Superfamily Asiloidea Family Therevidae Family Scenopinidae Family Apioceridae Family Mydidae Family Asilidae Family Nemestrinidae Family Acroceridae Family Bombyliidae Superfamily Empidoidea Family Gmpididae Family Dolichopodidae Suborder Cyclorrhapha Division Aschiza Superfamily Lonchopteroidea Family Lonchopteridae Superfamily Phoroidea Family Phoridae Family Platypezidae Superfamily Syrphoidea Family Pipunculidae Family Syrphidae Family Conopidae

GENERA

SPECIES

(329) (108) 1 3 2 74 18 10 (133) 4 3 1 2 79 5 12 27 (88) 35 53

(3,036) (1,037) 1 40 46 292 548 110 (1,064) 33 10 1 9 707 20 39 212 (936) 341 595

(176) (1) 1 (66) 59 7 (109) 5 84 20

(1,440) (10) 10 (393) 379 14 (1,037) 131 771 135

New Names Proposed in This Catalog Solvidae: Stratiomyidae: Tabanidae:

Solva freyi Nagatomi S. meijerei Nagatomi Ptecticus lindnen James Cibotogaster walkeri James Hybomitra plauta Stone Haematopota corrigata Stone Tabanus limitatus Stone

Introduction Therevidae: Asilidae:

Bombyliidae: Empididae: Dolichopodidae:

Syrphidae:

Psilocephala bigoti Lyneborg Leptogaster doleschalli Oldroyd L. koshunensis Oldroyd Machtmus retrospectus Oldroyd Michotamia demeijerei Oldroyd Ommatius singlensis Oldroyd Promachus rondanii Oldroyd Anthrax wulpi Bowden Villa duplex Bowden Syneches brunettii Smith Asyndetus semarangensis Dyte Campsicnemis halidayi Dyte Condylostylus paratermmalis Dyte Sciapus badjavensis Dyte S. neoparvus Dyte Genus Terpsimyia Dyte Mallota hysopia Vockeroth M. matolla Knutson Microdon rutiliventris Thompson Pseuderistalis fascipennis Thompson Xylota steyskali Thompson

Suborder BRACHYCERA Superfamily TABANOIDEA Family COENOMYIIDAE By Akira Nagatomi Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890, Japan The Coenomyiidae are related to the Rhagionidae, Rachiceridae, Xylophagidae, and Pelecorhynchidae and contain 4 genera, namely, Coenomyia Latreille, 1796, Arthropeas Loew, 1850, Anacanthaspis Roder, 1889, and Odontosabula Matsumura, 1905 ( = Stratioleptis Pleske, 1925). It may be better that Glutops Burgess, 1878 ( = Tamayura Nagatomi, 1955) and Pseudoerinna Shiraki, 1932 are excluded from the Coenomyiidae. This family is distributed in the Holarctic region especially in the Far East and North America and the genus Coenomyia is known from only one species from the Himalayas. The larvae of the genus Coenomyia live in the soil or rotting wood and are carnivorous. Reference: Nagatomi and Saigusa 1970 (key to genera).

Genus COENOMYIA Latreille Coenomyia Latreille, 1796, Precis caract. gen. Ins.: 159. Type-species, Musca ferruginea Scopoli, by subsequent monotypy (Latreille 1802: 439). Reference: Oldroyd 1966b (rev.), bituberculata Enderlein. — India [Sikkim], Nepal, Tibet. 1921, Berl. Zool. Mus. Mitt. 10: 213 ( ? ). Type-loc: Sikkim, India.

Family RACHICERIDAE By Akira Nagatomi Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890, Japan

The Rachiceridae is mostly composed of the members of the genus Rachicerus, and contains 61 species (excluding the fossil ones) of which 40 are known from the Oriental region. The members of this family are poorly represented in collections and the majority have been described from single specimens. The biology is poorly known but the larvae of Rachicerus are found in decaying trunks of trees lying on the ground and are said to be carnivorous. Reference-. Nagatomi 1970 (rev. Oriental and Palaearctic spp.).

Genus GYMNORHACHICERUS Frey Gymnorhachicerus Frey, 1954, Notul. ent. 34: 7. Type-species, pilosus Frey, by original designation, pilosus Frey. — Burma. 1954, Notul. ent. 34: 7 ( 5 ) . Type-loc: Kambaiti (1800 m), Burma.

Genus PALEORACHICERUS Nagatomi Electra Loew, 1850, Progr. K. realsch. Meseritz 1850: 39 (preocc. Lamouroux 1816; Stephens 1829). Type-species, formosa Loew, by monotypy. Paleorachicerus Nagatomi, 1970, Pacif. Insects 12: 420 (n. name for Electra Loew). Type-species, Electra formosa Loew, automatic, relicta (Frey). — Philippines [Leyte]. 1954, Notul. ent. 34: 3 ( $ ? ; Electra). Type-loc: St. Cruz, Scyte (Leyte), Philippines.

Genus RACHICERUS Walker Rachicerus Walker, 1854, List Dipt. Colin Br. Mus. 5: 103. Type-species, fulvicollis Walker, by monotypy. Rhachicems, error or emendation. Antidoxion Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1863, Versl. Meded. K. Akad. Wetensch. Afd. Natuurk. 15: 1. Type-species, fulvicomis Snellen van Vollenhoven, by monotypy. aterrimus Senior-White. — Ceylon. 1924, Spolia zeylan. 12: 389 ( $ ; Rhachicerus). Type-loc: Pattipola (6200 ft), Ceylon, bicolor Brunetti. — Ceylon. 1912, Rec. Indian Mus. 7: 461 ( ? ; Rhachicerus). Type-loc: Kandy, Ceylon, bifidus Nagatomi. — Borneo. 1970, Pacif. Insects 12: 432 ( ? ). Type-loc: N of Kalabakan, Sabah, Borneo. boarius Nagatomi. — Philippines [Luzon]. 1970, Pacif. Insects 12: 433 ( ? ). Type-loc: Los Banos. Luzon, Philippines.

Rachiceridae

7

brevicornis Kertesz. — Formosa. 1914, Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 12: 501 ( ? ; Rhachicerus). Typeloc: Fuhosho, Formosa, endymion Nagatomi. — Borneo. 1970, Pacif. Insects 12: 435 (