3 Minute Language Pack complete set of all 9 languages

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3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 1 – 3 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book are based on the methodology I developed for teaching languages, which I use in all my classes and courses. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a

lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 1 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 Gracias

LESSON 1 “Spanish in three minutes?” I hear you cry suspiciously. Yes, this book is intricately designed to get you speaking Spanish quickly and easily. I’ve created this book for the complete beginner who only has a few minutes to spare each day. I’ve set out each lesson so that they can be completed in short bursts, whenever you find yourself with a moment of freedom. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like spending hours studying Spanish, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen: 1. Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep Spanish fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with Spanish and it’ll turn into a chore. 2. More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute

habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success. 3. More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Here’s your first word in Spanish:

bueno It means “good” You pronounce it “BWE-no”

Here’s your next word:

es It means “it is” You pronounce it “ess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is good.

It is good. Es bueno.

You’ll start to notice similarities between Spanish and English words:

fantástico It means “fantastic” You pronounce it “fan-TAS-tee-koh”

WORD LIST SO FAR bueno - good es - it is fantástico - fantastic

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is fantastic.

It is fantastic. Es fantástico.

fantástico You might be wondering what that little line is on top of the á. It’s called an accent. In Spanish, accents are useful because they tell you where to emphasize the word. The accent on top of the á means you emphasize that part of the word. fan-TAS-ti-co

Here’s another word that looks similar to English:

absolutamente It means “absolutely” You pronounce it “ab-so-loo-ta-MEN-tay”

WORD LIST SO FAR bueno - good es - it is fantástico - fantastic absolutamente - absolutely

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is absolutely fantastic.

It is absolutely fantastic. Es absolutamente fantástico.

WORD LIST SO FAR bueno - good es - it is fantástico - fantastic absolutamente - absolutely

Here’s a cute little Spanish word:

aquí It means “here” You pronounce it “a-KEE” (It has an accent on top of the í so you emphasise that part of the word: aKEE)

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is good here.

It is good here. Es bueno aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is fantastic here.

It is fantastic here. Es fantástico aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is absolutely fantastic here.

It is absolutely fantastic here. Es absolutamente fantástico aquí.

Here’s a word you might recognize if you’ve learnt any Spanish before:

muy It means “very” You pronounce it “moy”

WORD LIST SO FAR bueno - good es - it is fantástico - fantastic absolutamente – absolutely aquí – here muy - very

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is very good.

It is very good. Es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is very good here.

It is very good here. Es muy bueno aquí.

The word “es” means “it is”, well, here’s the opposite:

no es It means “it isn’t” You pronounce it “no ess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t good.

It isn’t good. No es bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t very good.

It isn’t very good. No es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t fantastic.

It isn’t fantastic. No es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t very good here.

It isn’t very good here. No es muy bueno aquí.

WORD LIST SO FAR bueno - good es - it is fantástico - fantastic absolutamente – absolutely aquí – here muy - very no es – it isn’t

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in Spanish now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations.

0. I’ve put some sentences in English below. Try and work out how to say them in Spanish, and then check to see if you got it right by checking the answers on the next page. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s good It’s absolutely fantastic here It’s good here It is very good It isn’t good here It isn’t good; it’s fantastic It’s fantastic It’s fantastic here It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic It’s very good here

1. Es bueno 2. Es absolutamente fantástico aquí 3. Es bueno aquí 4. Es muy bueno 5. No es bueno aquí 6. No es bueno ; es fantástico 7. Es fantástico 8. Es fantástico aquí 9. No es bueno aquí ; es absolutamente fantástico 10. Es muy bueno aquí

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

No es muy bueno Es muy bueno No es fantástico aquí Es absolutamente fantástico aquí No es muy bueno aquí Es bueno Es fantástico aquí No es bueno aquí Es bueno aquí No es bueno ; es absolutamente fantástico

1. It isn’t very good 2. It’s very good 3. It isn’t fantastic here 4. It’s absolutely fantastic here 5. It isn’t very good here 6. It’s good 7. It’s fantastic here 8. It isn’t good here 9. It’s good here 10. It isn’t good; it’s absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap the words we’ve learnt in this lesson. How did you say these words in Spanish?

it is absolutely fantastic good here very it isn’t

it is - es absolutely – absolutamente fantastic - fantástico good - bueno here - aquí very - muy it isn’t – no es

What else? There is plenty you can do to ensure the language stays firmly in your brain and doesn't disappear. You can play about with building sentences from the words you've learnt so far. Whenever you find yourself with a spare 30 seconds, think of something you can say in Spanish. Saying short sentences to yourself in Spanish throughout the day keeps the language at the forefront of your mind. Also, from time to time, there will be a word or two (or maybe three) that just will not stay in your memory no matter how hard you try. What you should do to overcome this is write the word down in English in big letters in the middle of a blank piece of paper. Put the piece of paper in your pocket and take it out a few times each day. Whenever you take it out, look at the English word and say the Spanish word to yourself along with a Spanish sentence that contains this word. The first few times, you might struggle to think of what the Spanish word is and you’ll have to double check. However, pretty quickly, you’ll remember the Spanish without having to check. You'll be amazed at how well this technique works. Finally, before I end this first lesson, I'll just give you some information on what it means to learn a language. Memorising lots of words isn't what it means to learn a language. It's a start but it isn't going to get you very far. What you need to be able to do is put those words together to get your thoughts and ideas across to somebody else. Each time you learn a new word, think to yourself, “Where could I use this?” Make up a sentence and think about where you could say it. “Es muy bueno” - you could say this to a waiter in a restaurant when he asks you

how your meal is. By doing this, you're giving the words relevance in your life. You’ll remember things much more easily if you can see where it’s going to be useful. Also, by building sentences, you're subconsciously creating a list of things to say so that you'll never be lost for words. Even when you're in Spain you can do this. Before entering a restaurant, for example, have a quick think about what you could say to the waiter when you go inside. This helps to build your confidence and stops you from having to think on the spot. You’ll be more likely to speak if you have already prepared something to say.

LESSON 2 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? absolutely it isn’t good fantastic very it is here If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Spanish for this lesson:

delicioso It means “delicious” You pronounce it “deli-see-OH-soh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is delicious.

It is delicious. Es delicioso.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

extraordinario It means “extraordinary” You pronounce it “extra-or-di-NAH-reeo”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is extraordinary.

It is extraordinary. Es extraordinario.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is absolutely extraordinary.

It is absolutely extraordinary. Es absolutamente extraordinario.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is absolutely extraordinary here.

It is absolutely extraordinary here. Es absolutamente extraordinario aquí.

Here’s a beautiful little word in Spanish:

precioso It means “beautiful” You pronounce it “press-ee-OH-soh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is beautiful.

It is beautiful. Es precioso.

WORD LIST SO FAR delicioso - delicious extraordinario - extraordinary precioso - beautiful

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is very beautiful.

It is very beautiful. Es muy precioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is very beautiful here.

It is very beautiful here. Es muy precioso aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is absolutely beautiful here.

It is absolutely beautiful here. Es absolutamente precioso aquí.

Here’s a useful phrase in Spanish:

para mí It means “for me” You pronounce it “pa-ra mee”

WORD LIST SO FAR delicioso - delicious extraordinario - extraordinary precioso - beautiful para mí – for me

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is for me.

It is for me. Es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t for me.

It isn’t for me. No es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t good for me.

It isn’t good for me. No es bueno para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t very good for me.

It isn’t very good for me. No es muy bueno para mí.

The phrase “para mí” actually has two meanings in Spanish. We’ve seen it can mean “for me” but, if you put “para mí” at the start of a sentence in Spanish, it can mean “in my opinion” or “I think”:

para mí It means “in my opinion” or “I think” You pronounce it “pa-ra mee”

WORD LIST SO FAR delicioso - delicious extraordinario - extraordinary precioso - beautiful para mí – for me para mí – I think / in my opinion

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it is good.

I think it’s good. Para mí, es bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s very good.

I think it’s very good. Para mí, es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s delicious.

I think it’s delicious. Para mí, es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here.

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here. Para mí, es absolutamente extraordinario aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s fantastic here.

I think it’s fantastic here. Para mí, es fantástico aquí.

Now we’ve added quite a few new words to our Spanish repertoire, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. How do you say these sentences in Spanish? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s very beautiful here It’s absolutely beautiful I think it’s very good It’s absolutely extraordinary here It isn’t for me It isn’t very good for me It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary It’s absolutely delicious I think it’s delicious I think it’s fantastic

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Es muy precioso aquí Es absolutamente precioso Para mí, es muy bueno Es absolutamente extraordinario aquí No es para mí No es muy bueno para mí No es bueno; es absolutamente extraordinario Es absolutamente delicioso Para mí, es delicioso Para mí, es fantástico

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. How do you say these Spanish sentences in English? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Es extraordinario Es absolutamente precioso Para mí, es absolutamente precioso aquí Para mí, es bueno Es muy bueno para mí No es para mí Es delicioso Para mí, es delicioso Es absolutamente precioso aquí No es muy precioso

1. It’s extraordinary 2. It’s absolutely beautiful 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. I think it’s good 5. It’s very good for me 6. It isn’t for me 7. It’s delicious 8. I think it’s delicious 9. It’s absolutely beautiful here 10. It isn’t very beautiful

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t very good It isn’t good here It’s absolutely fantastic here It’s fantastic It’s good here It’s very good here It’s fantastic here It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic It isn’t very good here It’s very good

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

No es muy bueno No es bueno aquí Es absolutamente fantástico aquí Es fantástico Es bueno aquí Es muy bueno aquí Es fantástico aquí No es bueno aquí; es absolutamente fantástico No es muy bueno aquí Es muy bueno

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. 1. No es bueno aquí 2. No es muy bueno aquí 3. Es muy bueno aquí 4. Es fantástico aquí 5. No es bueno aquí; es absolutamente fantástico 6. Es absolutamente fantástico aquí 7. No es fantástico 8. Es bueno aquí 9. Es bueno 10. Es fantástico

1. It isn’t good here 2. It isn’t very good 3. It’s very good here 4. It’s fantastic here 5. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 6. It’s absolutely fantastic here 7. It isn’t fantastic 8. It’s good here 9. It’s good 10. It’s fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

it is here fantastic delicious it isn’t good very extraordinary I think beautiful for me absolutely

1. es 2. aquí 3. fantástico 4. delicioso 5. no es 6. bueno 7. muy 8. extraordinario 9. para mí 10. precioso 11. para mí 12. absolutamente

LESSON 3 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? for me I think delicious extraordinary beautiful If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Spanish for this lesson:

pero It means “but” You pronounce it “PEH-roh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me.

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me. Es delicioso pero no es muy bueno para mí.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

sí It means “yes” You pronounce it “see”

WORD LIST SO FAR pero - but sí - yes

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, it’s for me.

Yes, it’s for me. Sí, es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious.

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious. Sí, es absolutamente delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, I think it’s good.

Yes, I think it’s good. Sí, para mí, es bueno.

Here’s a common yet useful word in Spanish:

gracias It means “thank you” or “thanks” You pronounce it “GRA-see-ass”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious.

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious. Sí, gracias, es delicioso.

WORD LIST SO FAR pero - but sí - yes gracias – thank you / thanks

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic.

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic. Sí, gracias, es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s very good, thanks.

It’s very good, thanks. Es muy bueno, gracias.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, it is for me, thank you.

Yes, it is for me, thank you. Sí, es para mí, gracias.

Here’s a new word for you:

siempre It means “always” You pronounce it “see-EM-pray”

WORD LIST SO FAR pero - but sí - yes gracias – thank you / thanks siempre – always

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is always fantastic here.

It is always fantastic here. Es siempre fantástico aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t always very good here.

It isn’t always very good here. No es siempre muy bueno aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s always beautiful here.

I think it’s always beautiful here. Para mí, es siempre precioso aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s always absolutely delicious.

It’s always absolutely delicious. Es siempre absolutamente delicioso.

Here’s a perfect little word in Spanish:

perfecto It means “perfect” You pronounce it “pair-FEK-ttoh”

WORD LIST SO FAR pero - but sí - yes gracias – thank you / thanks siempre – always perfecto – perfect

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you.

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you. Sí, es perfecto, gracias.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s perfect.

I think it’s perfect. Para mí, es perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s absolutely perfect.

It’s absolutely perfect. Es absolutamente perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s absolutely perfect here.

I think it’s absolutely perfect here. Para mí, es absolutamente perfecto aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s always perfect here.

It’s always perfect here. Es siempre perfecto aquí.

Here’s a useful word in Spanish:

eso It means “that” You pronounce it “ESS-oh”

WORD LIST SO FAR pero - but sí - yes gracias – thank you / thanks siempre – always perfecto – perfect eso – that

How would you say this in Spanish?

That for me.

That for me. Eso para mí.

If you put the word “eso” in front of the word “es” you get:

eso es It means “that is” You pronounce it “ess-oh ess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is good.

That is good. Eso es bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is very good.

That is very good. Eso es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is absolutely fantastic.

That is absolutely fantastic. Eso es absolutamente fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is for me.

That is for me. Eso es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think that is perfect.

I think that is perfect. Para mí, eso es perfecto.

WORD LIST SO FAR pero - but sí - yes gracias – thank you / thanks siempre – always perfecto – perfect eso – that eso es – that is

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s always perfect here It isn’t always perfect here It’s always absolutely fantastic here It’s for me, thank you Yes, it’s for me It isn’t always good here It’s always very good I think that is absolutely perfect That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me Yes, it’s perfect, thank you

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Es siempre perfecto aquí No es siempre perfecto aquí Es siempre absolutamente fantástico aquí Es para mí, gracias Sí, es para mí No es siempre bueno aquí Es siempre muy bueno Para mí, eso es absolutamente perfecto Eso es delicioso pero no es muy bueno para mí Sí, es perfecto, gracias

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. Sí, gracias 2. Es absolutamente perfecto 3. No es fantástico pero es muy bueno 4. Para mí, es perfecto 5. Es siempre absolutamente fantástico aquí 6. Para mí, es absolutamente extraordinario 7. Es siempre muy bueno 8. Es siempre muy bueno aquí 9. Sí, eso es para mí, gracias 10. Eso es absolutamente delicioso

1. Yes, thank you 2. It’s absolutely perfect 3. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 4. I think it’s perfect 5. It’s always absolutely fantastic here 6. I think it’s absolutely extraordinary 7. It’s always very good 8. It’s always very good here 9. Yes, that’s for me, thank you 10. That is absolutely delicious

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t fantastic It’s very good here It’s good here It’s delicious I think it’s absolutely beautiful here It isn’t very good here It is absolutely fantastic I think it’s good It is fantastic It’s absolutely extraordinary here

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

No es fantástico Es muy bueno aquí Es bueno aquí Es delicioso Para mí, es absolutamente precioso aquí No es muy bueno aquí Es absolutamente fantástico Para mí, es bueno Es fantástico Es absolutamente extraordinario aquí

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean. 1. No es bueno 2. No es muy bueno para mí 3. Es precioso 4. Es fantástico 5. Es extraordinario aquí 6. Es extraordinario 7. No es fantástico 8. Es muy precioso aquí 9. No es muy bueno aquí 10. No es muy extraordinario

1. It isn't good 2. It isn’t very good for me 3. It’s beautiful 4. It’s fantastic 5. It’s extraordinary here 6. It’s extraordinary 7. It isn’t fantastic 8. It’s very beautiful here 9. It isn’t good here 10. It isn’t very extraordinary

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. beautiful 2. thanks 3. here 4. it is 5. yes 6. very 7. for me 8. that 9. always 10. fantastic 11. good 12. absolutely 13. I think 14. perfect 15. extraordinary 16. but 17. it isn’t 18. delicious 19. that is…

1. precioso 2. gracias 3. aquí 4. es 5. sí 6. muy 7. para mí 8. eso 9. siempre 10. fantástico 11. bueno 12. absolutamente 13. para mí 14. perfecto 15. extraordinario 16. pero 17. no es 18. delicioso 19. eso es…

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons one to three of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons four to six, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 4 – 6 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 1-3”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 4 LESSON 5 En el restaurante LESSON 6 Gracias

LESSON 4 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? always that that is… perfect thank you yes but If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase in Spanish for this lesson:

para él It means “for him” You pronounce it “pa-rah el”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for him.

It’s for him. Es para él.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s good for him.

It’s good for him. Es bueno para él.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t for him.

It isn’t for him. No es para él.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t very good for him.

It isn’t very good for him. No es muy bueno para él.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t for him; it’s for me.

It isn’t for him; it’s for me. No es para él; es para mí.

This phrase goes nicely with “para él” and “para mí”:

para ella It means “for her” You pronounce it “pa-rah AY-ah”

ella Whenever you see a double LL in Spanish, you pronounce it as if it were the letter Y. For example: paella (pronounced “pah-AY-ah”) Marbella (pronounced “Mar-BAY-ah”) ella (pronounced “AY-ah”)

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for her.

It’s for her. Es para ella.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Yes, it’s very good for her.

Yes, it’s very good for her. Sí, es muy bueno para ella.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t for him; it’s for her.

It isn’t for him; it’s for her. No es para él; es para ella.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

no It means “no” You pronounce it “noh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

No, thank you.

No, thank you. No, gracias.

WORD LIST SO FAR para él – for him para ella – for her no – no

How would you say this in Spanish?

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her.

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her. No, no es para mí; es para ella.

How would you say this in Spanish?

No, it isn’t very good.

No, it isn’t very good. No, no es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

No, it isn’t good here.

No, it isn’t good here. No, no es bueno aquí.

Here’s a new word for you. It’s the opposite of “bueno”:

malo It means “bad” You pronounce it “MAH-loh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is always very bad here.

It is always very bad here. Es siempre muy malo aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect.

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect. No es malo pero no es perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s always bad here.

I think it’s always bad here. Para mí, es siempre malo aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me.

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me. Es delicioso pero es muy malo para mí.

Here’s a word you’ll probably recognise:

el restaurante It means “the restaurant” You pronounce it “ell rest-ah-u-RAN-tay”

We’ve already had the phrase “no es” and learnt that it means “it isn’t”. Well, it has another meaning:

no es It can also mean just “isn’t” You pronounce it “noh ess”

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant isn’t good here.

WORD LIST SO FAR para él – for him para ella – for her no – no malo – bad el restaurante – the restaurant no es – isn’t

The restaurant isn’t good here. El restaurante no es bueno aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic.

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic. El restaurante no es malo pero no es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good.

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good. El restaurante no es perfecto pero es muy bueno.

Similarly, we learnt that the word “es” means “it is”:

es Well, it can also mean just “is” You pronounce it “ess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is good.

The restaurant is good. El restaurante es bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is fantastic here.

The restaurant is fantastic here. El restaurante es fantástico aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is absolutely perfect.

The restaurant is absolutely perfect. El restaurante es absolutamente perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant here is always very good.

The restaurant here is always very good. El restaurante aquí es siempre muy bueno.

Here’s your last word for this lesson:

todo It means “everything” You pronounce it “TOH-doh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everything is very good.

Everything is very good. Todo es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everything is perfect here.

Everything is perfect here. Todo es perfecto aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everything is delicious.

Everything is delicious. Todo es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everything is for me.

Everything is for me. Todo es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think everything is absolutely fantastic.

I think everything is absolutely fantastic. Para mí, todo es absolutamente fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious.

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious. Todo es muy malo para mí pero es absolutamente delicioso.

WORD LIST SO FAR para él – for him para ella – for her no – no malo – bad el restaurante – the restaurant no es – isn’t es –is todo – everything

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers. 1.

That is for him

2.

The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary

3.

That’s the restaurant

4.

Everything here is delicious

5.

It isn’t bad here

6.

The restaurant is very good

7.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

8.

The restaurant is good here

9.

That is for her

10. Everything here is very good for me

1.

Eso es para él

2.

El restaurante es absolutamente extraordinario

3.

Eso es el restaurante

4.

Todo aquí es delicioso

5.

No es malo aquí

6.

El restaurante es muy bueno

7.

Para mí, el restaurante es fantástico

8.

El restaurante es bueno aquí

9.

Eso es para ella

10. Todo aquí es muy bueno para mí

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Todo es fantástico aquí 2. El restaurante aquí es fantástico 3. No es malo aquí 4. Todo es perfecto 5. Eso no es malo pero no es perfecto 6. Eso es para él 7. No es para él; es para mí 8. No es para ella; es para él 9. No es muy bueno para él 10. Todo es fantástico, gracias

1. Everything is fantastic here 2. The restaurant here is fantastic 3. It isn’t bad here 4. Everything is perfect 5. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 6. That is for him 7. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 8. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 9. It isn’t very good for him 10. Everything is fantastic, thank you

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It’s very good, thank you

2.

That isn’t very good

3.

It’s for me, thank you

4.

It’s very beautiful here

5.

That is very good

6.

It’s extraordinary

7.

It’s extraordinary here

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think it’s good here

10. It’s always fantastic here

1.

Es muy bueno, gracias

2.

Eso no es muy bueno

3.

Es para mí, gracias

4.

Es muy precioso aquí

5.

Eso es muy bueno

6.

Es extraordinario

7.

Es extraordinario aquí

8.

Es absolutamente delicioso

9.

Para mí, es bueno aquí

10. Es siempre fantástico aquí

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Sí, es muy bueno 2. Es muy precioso 3. Sí, es absolutamente delicioso 4. Para mí, es fantástico 5. Es siempre muy bueno 6. No es muy delicioso 7. Es siempre fantástico aquí 8. Sí, para mí, es fantástico aquí 9. Es siempre muy precioso aquí 10. Es para mí

1. Yes, it’s very good 2. It’s very beautiful 3. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 4. I think it’s fantastic 5. It’s always very good 6. It isn’t very delicious 7. It’s always fantastic here 8. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 9. It’s always very beautiful here 10. It’s for me

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. the restaurant 2. beautiful 3. is 4. always 5. extraordinary 6. that is… 7. for her 8. it is 9. everything 10. delicious 11. absolutely 12. perfect 13. but 14. it isn’t 15. no 16. yes 17. isn’t 18. for him 19. I think 20. good 21. very 22. for me 23. that 24. fantastic 25. here 26. thank you

1. el restaurante 2. precioso 3. es 4. siempre 5. extraordinario 6. eso es 7. para ella 8. es 9. todo 10. delicioso 11. absolutamente 12. perfecto 13. pero 14. no es 15. no 16. sí 17. no es 18. para él 19. para mí 20. bueno 21. muy 22. para mí 23. eso 24. fantástico 25. aquí 26. gracias

LESSON 5 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? for him isn’t no for her everything bad the restaurant is If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a nice word with which to start this lesson:

el pollo It means “the chicken” You pronounce it “ell POH-yoh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is for me.

The chicken is for me. El pollo es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think the chicken here is delicious.

I think the chicken here is delicious. Para mí, el pollo aquí es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is for him.

The chicken is for him. El pollo es para él.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is very good.

The chicken is very good. El pollo es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic.

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic. El pollo aquí es siempre absolutamente fantástico.

So, “el pollo” means “the chicken” and here’s another word you’ll probably recognise:

la pizza It means “the pizza” You pronounce it “la PEET-sah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is for her.

The pizza is for her. La pizza es para ella.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is for me.

The pizza is for me. La pizza es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza isn’t for me.

The pizza isn’t for me. La pizza no es para mí.

You may have noticed that I’ve used two different words for “the” in this lesson. I said “el pollo” means “the chicken” and then I said “la pizza” means “the pizza”. Well, there’s an interesting thing about the word “the” in Spanish. Read on…

the In Spanish, there are two words for “the”. One is used in front of masculine nouns, and the other is used in front of feminine nouns. If you use a masculine noun, you have to use ‘el’, if you use a feminine noun, you have to use ‘la’.

el the (masculine)

la the (feminine) How do you know when a noun is masculine or feminine? Sometimes, you can guess. For example, you can probably guess that “boy” is masculine and “girl” is feminine:

el chico the boy

la chica the girl However, it’s not always so simple; nouns like “table” or “car” don’t have real genders. There is a rule, however, that you can use to work out whether something is masculine or feminine. This rule works about 90% of the time. If a noun ends in the letter A, it’s probably feminine. Look at the five nouns below. The two feminine nouns end in the letter A and the three masculine nouns don’t. Usually, masculine nouns end in the letter O, but not always:

el chico the boy

el restaurante the restaurant

el pollo the chicken

la chica the girl

la pizza the pizza So, just remember the general rule: if a noun ends in the letter A, it’s probably feminine.

What’s a noun? I remember when I started to learn languages, the teacher would throw around these fancy words: noun, adjective, verb and adverb, and I had no idea what she meant. Here’s the simplest definition of a noun that I could find: “If you can put ‘the’ in front of a word, then it’s most probably a noun” The restaurant The chicken The pizza So, that means that words you can put “el” or “la” in front of in Spanish are nouns.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is good.

The chicken is good. El pollo es bueno.

bueno The word “good” is used to describe things. This is because it’s an adjective and adjectives describe things. If you use “good” to describe something masculine in Spanish, then you can use “bueno”, as we have already seen. However, if you want to say that something feminine is good, the word “bueno” changes slightly, and becomes “buena”. So, bearing in mind that “pizza” is a feminine noun, how would you say, “the pizza is good”? La pizza es buena So, you use “bueno” when talking about masculine things, and you use “buena” when talking about feminine things.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is good.

The chicken is good. El pollo es bueno.

WORD LIST SO FAR el pollo – the chicken la pizza – the pizza el / la – the (masculine / feminine) bueno / buena – good (masculine / feminine)

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is good.

The pizza is good. La pizza es buena.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Pedro is good.

Pedro is good. Pedro es bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

María is good.

María is good. María es buena.

So, the feminine version of “bueno” is “buena”:

buena It means “good” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “BWEH-na”

bueno vs. buena So, you use “bueno” when you’re describing masculine nouns, and “buena” when you’re describing feminine nouns. “Bueno” isn’t the only adjective that can change when describing a feminine noun. Some of the other adjectives we’ve learn can change too. Usually, what happens is, if an adjective ends in the letter O, you change the O to an A to make it feminine. I remember this by thinking of the two names Roberto and Roberta. Roberto is a man’s name and it ends in an O, whereas Roberta is a woman’s name and it ends in an A. Read on…

What’s an adjective? An adjective is a word that is used to describe something. However, a simpler explanation is this: If you can put “it is” in front of a word, then it’s most probably an adjective. It is good It is fantastic It is delicious It is perfect It is bad The words above are adjectives.

The Spanish word for “delicious” is “delicioso”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “deliciosa”:

deliciosa It means “delicious” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “day-liss-ee-OH-sa”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is delicious.

The chicken is delicious. El pollo es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is delicious.

The pizza is delicious. La pizza es deliciosa.

The Spanish word for “perfect” is “perfecto”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “perfecta”:

perfecta It means “perfect” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “pair-FEK-tah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is perfect.

The chicken is perfect. El pollo es perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is perfect.

The pizza is perfect. La pizza es perfecta.

The Spanish word for “bad” is “malo”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “mala”:

mala It means “bad” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “MAH-lah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is bad.

The chicken is bad. El pollo es malo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is bad.

The pizza is bad. La pizza es mala.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Pedro is bad.

Pedro is bad. Pedro es malo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

María is bad.

María is bad. María es mala.

masculine & feminine So far, we’ve seen how four adjectives change if they’re describing feminine nouns. You just change the O on the end to an A:

bueno – buena delicioso – deliciosa perfecto – perfecta malo – mala Here are another couple of adjectives:

fantástico – fantástica precioso – preciosa

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken is fantastic.

The chicken is fantastic. El pollo es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is fantastic.

The pizza is fantastic. La pizza es fantástica.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Pedro is beautiful.

Pedro is beautiful. Pedro es precioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

María is beautiful.

María is beautiful. María es preciosa.

Here’s a word that looks the same as the English:

terrible It means “terrible” You pronounce it “teh-REE-blay”

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is terrible.

WORD LIST SO FAR el pollo – the chicken la pizza – the pizza el / la – the (masculine / feminine) bueno / buena – good (masculine / feminine) delicioso / deliciosa – delicious (masculine / feminine) perfecto / perfecta – perfect (masculine / feminine) malo / mala – bad (masculine / feminine) fantástico / fantástica – fantastic (masculine / feminine) precioso / preciosa – beautiful (masculine / feminine) terrible – terrible

The restaurant is terrible. El restaurante es terrible.

terrible The word “terrible” in Spanish ends in the letter E and not the letter O, like most adjectives. When this happens, the feminine version of the adjective tends to be the same as the masculine. It doesn’t change at all. This is true with “terrible”; whether you’re describing masculine or feminine things as terrible, you always just use “terrible”.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza is terrible.

The pizza is terrible. La pizza es terrible.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s terrible here.

It’s terrible here. Es terrible aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s absolutely terrible.

I think it’s absolutely terrible. Para mí, es absolutamente terrible.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s always terrible here.

It’s always terrible here. Es siempre terrible aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible.

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible. No es perfecto pero no es terrible.

Food, glorious food Now, if you go on holiday, I presume you’ll want to order something other than chicken or pizza. So, I’ve created a list of food related vocabulary for you to read through. I’ve called it a “Vocabulary Expansion Section” and you’ll find it at the back of this lesson. I’ve tried to think of as many food or drink items as I possibly could. If you find anything missing, let me know and I’ll add it in. This Vocabulary Expansion Section will add bulk to your Spanish language. You have been building the structure of the Spanish language with the words and phrases I’ve given you so far and you can now decorate it and embellish it with the words from the Vocabulary Expansion Section. Now, obviously, you shouldn’t aim to try and learn every single word on the list as it wouldn’t be very useful and it would take a long time. Instead, start to build your own personal vocabulary by learning a few words you think you’ll learn regularly. For example, if you really love cheese, you can find and learn the word “el queso”. Add a few words every week or so and pretty soon you’ll have a nice collection in your brain.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Everything is terrible

2.

The chicken is absolutely delicious

3.

The chicken is absolutely terrible

4.

The chicken is very good

5.

The pizza is very good

6.

The pizza is for her

7.

The pizza is perfect

8.

The chicken is delicious

9.

The pizza is for me

10. The pizza is delicious

1.

Todo es terrible

2.

El pollo es absolutamente delicioso

3.

El pollo es absolutamente terrible

4.

El pollo es muy bueno

5.

La pizza es muy buena

6.

La pizza es para ella

7.

La pizza es perfecta

8.

El pollo es delicioso

9.

La pizza es para mí

10. La pizza es deliciosa

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. La pizza es muy buena 2. Todo es terrible 3. El pollo es fantástico 4. El pollo es muy bueno 5. El pollo es perfecto 6. El pollo es absolutamente terrible 7. La pizza es deliciosa 8. El pollo es muy bueno pero la pizza es extraordinaria 9. La pizza es para mí 10. Todo es siempre terrible aquí

1. The pizza is very good 2. Everything is terrible 3. The chicken is fantastic 4. The chicken is very good 5. The chicken is perfect 6. The chicken is absolutely terrible 7. The pizza is delicious 8. The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary 9. The pizza is for me 10. Everything is always terrible here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I think it’s absolutely fantastic

2.

It’s absolutely beautiful

3.

It’s fantastic

4.

It isn’t good here

5.

That isn’t very good

6.

It’s for me

7.

It isn’t for her

8.

It’s always very beautiful here

9.

That for me, thank you

10. I think it’s good

1.

Para mí, es absolutamente fantástico

2.

Es absolutamente precioso

3.

Es fantástico

4.

No es bueno aquí

5.

Eso no es muy bueno

6.

Es para mí

7.

No es para él

8.

Es siempre muy precioso aquí

9.

Eso para mí, gracias

10. Para mí, es bueno

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Eso no es muy bueno 2. No es siempre bueno aquí 3. No es bueno aquí 4. Es extraordinario 5. Sí, es para mí 6. Todo es precioso aquí 7. El restaurante no es malo 8. Eso no es malo pero no es perfecto 9. No es muy bueno para ella 10. Eso es para ella

1. That isn’t very good 2. It isn’t always good here 3. It isn’t good here 4. It’s extraordinary 5. Yes, it’s for me 6. Everything is beautiful here 7. The restaurant isn’t bad 8. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. That is for her

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. isn’t 2. is 3. for him 4. good 5. it isn’t 6. yes 7. extraordinary 8. very 9. the chicken 10. fantastic 11. the restaurant 12. but 13. for me 14. everything 15. I think 16. thank you 17. always 18. perfect 19. terrible 20. for her 21. no 22. that is… 23. it is 24. beautiful 25. absolutely 26. that 27. the pizza 28. here 29. delicious

1. no es 2. es 3. para él 4. bueno 5. no es 6. sí 7. extraordinario 8. muy 9. el pollo 10. fantástico 11. el restaurante 12. pero 13. para mí 14. todo 15. para mí 16. gracias 17. siempre 18. perfecto 19. terrible 20. para ella 21. no 22. eso es… 23. es 24. precioso 25. absolutamente 26. eso 27. la pizza 28. aquí 29. delicioso

Vocabulary Expansion Section

En el restaurante

at the restaurant

la ensalada un pepino una lechuga una cebolla un tomate el apio un pimiento las espinacas un rábano una remolacha el mastuerzo el aliño un picatoste

the salad a cucumber a lettuce an onion a tomato the celery a pepper the spinach a radish a beetroot the cress the salad dressing a crouton

la carne el cordero el bistec bien hecho poco hecho rosada casi crudo el pavo el jamón el cerdo el pollo la carne de vaca la carne de cabra la carne de caballo la salchicha el pato el conejo la ternera la carne de venado la gallina de guinea el codorniz un hígado un riñón

the meant the lamb the steak well done medium-rare rare blue the turkey the ham the pork the chicken the beef the goat meat the horse meat the sausage the duck the rabbit the veal the venison the guinea-fowl the quail a liver a kidney

el pescado

the fish

el salmón el atún la trucha el bacalao el abadejo la platija el lenguado el rape

the salmon the tuna the trout the cod the haddock the plaice the sole the monkfish

las verduras una zanahoria un champiñón una coliflor un frijol el maíz los guisantes una patata una col un espárrago un brócoli un puerro una berenjena un frijol pinto una judía verde el tirabeque una pastinaca una calabaza un calabacín grande un calabacín un pepinillo las coles de bruselas una alcachofa un nabo un nabo sueco un camote un garbanzo una lenteja una soya

the vegetables a carrot a mushroom a cauliflower a bean the corn the peas a potato a cabbage an asparagus a broccoli a leek an aubergine a runner bean a green bean the mangetout a parsnip a pumpkin a marrow a courgette a gherkin the brussels sprouts an artichoke a turnip a swede a sweet potato a chickpea a lentil a soy bean

los mariscos una gamba un langostino los camarones rebozados una ostra un mejillón un bogavante un cangrejo un calamar/ un chipirón un pulpo una anchoa

the seafood a prawn a large prawn the scampi an oyster a mussel a lobster a crab a squid/ calamari an octopus an anchovy

las otras cosas el paté el queso un huevo duro un huevo pasado por agua un huevo frito los huevos revueltos una tortilla la sopa los cereales la avena el muesli el arroz la pasta los fideos las patatas fritas las patatas fritas un cóctel de gambas un bocadillo una hamburguesa un perrito caliente un pincho

the other things the pâté the cheese a hard-boiled egg a soft boiled egg a fried egg the scrambled eggs an omelette the soup the cereal the porridge the muesli the rice the pasta the noodles the chips the crisps a prawn cocktail a sandwich a hamburger a hot dog a kebab

los condimentos etc…

the condiments etc…

la sal la pimienta el vinagre la mostaza la salsa de menta el azúcar un edulcorante la miel el ajo la mermelada el ketchup la salsa HP la salsa de soya la mayonesa el aceite (de oliva) el alioli la mantequilla el pan (blanco) el pan integral las tostadas el yogur

the salt the pepper the vinegar the mustard the mint sauce the sugar a sweetener the honey the garlic the marmalade the tomato sauce the brown sauce the soy sauce the mayonnaise the (olive) oil the garlic mayonnaise the butter the (white) bread the brown bread the toast the yoghurt

el postre

the desserts

una tarta a cake un helado an ice cream de fresa strawberry de vainilla vanilla de chocolate chocolate de menta mint de menta con pepitas de chocolate mint choc chip los caramelos the sweets un crep a pancake el chocolate the chocolate una tarta a pie la nata the cream una galleta a biscuit una galleta salada a cracker un muffin a muffin las natillas the custard una espuma a mousse el ruibarbo the rhubarb una ensalada de frutas a fruit salad una macedonia a fruit cocktail un cóctel de frutas a fruit cocktail

las frutas una piña un plátano una fresa una frambuesa una naranja un pomelo una sandía un melocotón una pera una manzana una uva una pasa un arándano (azul) una nectarina una ciruela un limón una lima una clementina una satsuma una mandarina/ tangerina un albaricoque una cereza una mora una enerina un aguacate una grosella negra un dátil una pitaya una maracuyá una grosella espiosa una guayaba un kiwi un kumquat un lichi

the fruit a pineapple a banana a strawberry a raspberry an orange a grapefruit a watermelon a peach a pear an apple a grape a raisin a blueberry a nectarine a plum a lemon a lime a clementine a satsuma a tangerine an apricot a cherry a blackberry a juniper berry an avocado a blackcurrant a date a dragonfruit a passion fruit a gooseberry a guava a kiwi a kumquat a lychee

un mango un melón un melón dulce un cantalupo una granada un aguaymanto un arándano (rojo) un cacahuete una nuez un pistacho una avellana una aceituna / una oliva

a mango a melon a honeydew melon a cantaloupe a pomegranate a physalis a cranberry a peanut a walnut a pistachio a hazelnut an olive

las bebidas un café un té un agua con gas sin gas del grifo un zumo (de frutas) un agua tónica una coca(-cola) la leche una limonada …light un vino tinto blanco rosado una cerveza una cerveza rubia una caña una sidra un jerez un coñac un güisqui una ginebra un gin tonic un licor un vodka un vermú un Martini un ron un oporto un cóctel con hielo

the drinks a coffee a tea a water sparkling still tap a (fruit) juice a tonic water a cola the milk a lemonade diet… a wine red white rosé a beer a lager a small draught beer a cider a sherry a brandy a whisky a gin a gin and tonic a liqueur a vodka a vermouth a Martini a rum a port a cocktail with ice

los cubiertos un cuchillo un cuchillo de untar un cuchillo de pan un cuchillo de pescado un cuchillo carnicero un cuchillo de queso un cuchillo trinchante una cuchara una cucharita una cuchara de servir una cuchara sopera un tenedor un plato un bol una taza una copa un palillo una servilleta un balde de hielo una jarra

the cutlery a knife a butter knife a bread knife a fish knife a steak knife a cheese knife a carving knife a spoon a teaspoon a tablespoon a soup spoon a fork a plate a bowl a cup a glass a toothpick a napkin an ice bucket a waterjug

LESSON 6 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? the chicken the pizza the (masculine / feminine) good (masculine / feminine) delicious (masculine / feminine) perfect (masculine / feminine) bad (masculine / feminine) fantastic (masculine / feminine) beautiful (masculine / feminine) terrible If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

mi It means “my” You pronounce it “mee”

How would you say this in Spanish?

My chicken is delicious.

My chicken is delicious. Mi pollo es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My restaurant is good.

My restaurant is good. Mi restaurante es bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My chicken is perfect.

My chicken is perfect. Mi pollo es perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My chicken is very good.

My chicken is very good. Mi pollo es muy bueno.

Here’s your next Spanish word:

el hotel It means “the hotel” You pronounce it “ell oh-TEL”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The hotel is very good.

The hotel is very good. El hotel es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The hotel isn’t bad.

The hotel isn’t bad. El hotel no es malo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My hotel is fantastic.

My hotel is fantastic. Mi hotel es fantástico.

Here’s a useful phrase in Spanish:

todo el mundo It means “everybody” or “everyone” You pronounce it “toh-doh ell MUN-doh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everybody is good here.

Everybody is here. Todo el mundo es bueno aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everybody is fantastic.

Everybody is fantastic. Todo el mundo es fantástico.

WORD LIST SO FAR mi – my el hotel – the hotel todo el mundo – everybody / everyone

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everybody is always fantastic here.

Everybody is always fantastic here. Todo el mundo es siempre fantástico aquí.

Here’s a nice word:

simpático It means “nice” You pronounce it “sim-PAH-tee-koh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s nice here.

It’s nice here. Es simpático aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everybody is nice.

Everybody is nice. Todo el mundo es simpático.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everybody here is nice.

Everybody here is nice. Todo el mundo aquí es simpático.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Everybody here is always very nice.

Everybody here is always very nice. Todo el mundo aquí es siempre muy simpático.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My chicken is good.

My chicken is good. Mi pollo es bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My pizza is delicious.

My pizza is delicious. Mi pizza es deliciosa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My hotel is terrible.

My hotel is terrible. Mi hotel es terrible.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My pizza is very bad.

My pizza is very bad. Mi pizza es muy mala.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My pizza is absolutely perfect.

My pizza is absolutely perfect. Mi pizza es absolutamente perfecta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My chicken is absolutely perfect.

My chicken is absolutely perfect. Mi pollo es absolutamente perfecto.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

My hotel is very good

2.

The hotel is very good

3.

That is my pizza

4.

My hotel isn’t very good

5.

Everybody is fantastic here

6.

The hotel is fantastic

7.

Everybody is very nice

8.

The hotel is terrible

9.

The hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary

10. My pizza is delicious

1.

Mi hotel es muy bueno

2.

El hotel es muy bueno

3.

Eso es mi pizza

4.

Mi hotel no es muy bueno

5.

Todo el mundo es fantástico aquí

6.

El hotel es fantástico

7.

Todo el mundo es muy simpático

8.

El hotel es terrible

9.

El hotel es terrible pero el restaurante es extraordinario

10. Mi pizza es deliciosa

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Mi hotel es muy bueno 2. Mi pizza es perfecta 3. Mi pollo es terrible 4. Eso no es mi pollo 5. Para mí, todo el mundo es muy simpático 6. Mi pollo es perfecto 7. El hotel es muy bueno 8. El hotel es fantástico 9. Todo el mundo es bueno aquí 10. Todo el mundo es siempre simpático aquí

1. My hotel is very good 2. My pizza is perfect 3. My chicken is terrible 4. That isn’t my chicken 5. I think everybody is very nice 6. My chicken is perfect 7. The hotel is very good 8. The hotel is fantastic 9. Everybody is good here 10. Everybody is always nice here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It isn’t very good for me

2.

The restaurant is very good

3.

It’s very good, thank you

4.

It isn’t good; it’s fantastic

5.

The chicken is fantastic

6.

It isn’t delicious

7.

That’s the chicken

8.

That isn’t very good

9.

Not for me

10. It’s always absolutely perfect

1.

No es muy bueno para mí

2.

El restaurante es muy bueno

3.

Es muy bueno, gracias

4.

No es bueno ; es fantástico

5.

El pollo es fantástico

6.

No es delicioso

7.

Eso es el pollo

8.

Eso no es muy bueno

9.

No para mí

10. Es siempre absolutamente perfecto

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. No es para ella; es para él 2. El restaurante es absolutamente extraordinario 3. Todo es perfecto 4. Para mí, la pizza es absolutamente perfecta 5. No es para ella; es para mí 6. El restaurante aquí es fantástico 7. Es absolutamente delicioso 8. No es para mí 9. Es siempre bueno aquí 10. Es siempre fantástico aquí

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 2. The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary 3. Everything is perfect 4. I think the pizza is absolutely perfect 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The restaurant here is fantastic 7. It’s absolutely delicious 8. It isn’t for me 9. It’s always good here 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. very 2. is 3. but 4. beautiful 5. delicious 6. the hotel 7. everything 8. my 9. it isn’t 10. absolutely 11. that is… 12. yes 13. the chicken 14. good 15. for her 16. nice 17. it is 18. extraordinary 19. perfect 20. no 21. here 22. the pizza 23. for me 24. thank you 25. everybody 26. fantastic 27. I think 28. that 29. terrible 30. always 31. for him

32. the restaurant 33. isn’t

1. muy 2. es 3. pero 4. precioso 5. delicioso 6. el hotel 7. todo 8. mi 9. no es 10. absolutamente 11. eso es… 12. sí 13. el pollo 14. bueno 15. para ella 16. simpático 17. es 18. extraordinario 19. perfecto 20. no 21. aquí 22. la pizza 23. para mí 24. gracias 25. todo el mundo 26. fantástico 27. para mí 28. eso 29. terrible 30. siempre 31. para él 32. el restaurante 33. no es

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons four to six of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons seven to nine, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 7 – 9 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 4-6”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 7 Los números LESSON 8 LESSON 9 Gracias

LESSON 7 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? my the hotel nice everybody / everyone If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

un It means “a” You pronounce it “oon”

The Spanish A So far, we’ve seen that the Spanish have two words for “the”:

el / la Well, in Spanish, there are also two words for “a”:

un / una “a” (masculine / feminine) You pronounce “un” as “oon”. You pronounce “una” as “oonah”.

How would you say this in Spanish?

A chicken.

A chicken. Un pollo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

A pizza.

A pizza. Una pizza.

How would you say this in Spanish?

A restaurant.

A restaurant. Un restaurante.

Here’s a useful word if you ever find yourself thirsty in Spain:

un café It means “a coffee” You pronounce it “oon cah-FEH”

How would you say this in Spanish?

A coffee for me.

A coffee for me. Un café para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The coffee here is delicious.

The coffee here is delicious. El café aquí es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My coffee is terrible.

My coffee is terrible. Mi café es terrible.

If you don’t really like coffee, perhaps this word might take your fancy:

un té It means “a tea” You pronounce it “oon TEH”

How would you say this in Spanish?

A tea for me.

A tea for me. Un té para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The tea here is terrible.

The tea here is terrible. El té aquí es terrible.

WORD LIST SO FAR un / una – a un café – a coffee un té – a tea

How would you say this in Spanish?

My tea is absolutely delicious.

My tea is absolutely delicious. Mi té es absolutamente delicioso.

We learnt previously that the word “gracias” means “thank you” in Spanish. Well, manners cost nothing, so here’s another phrase:

por favor It means “please” You pronounce it “poor fah-VOR”

How would you say this in Spanish?

A tea for me, please.

A tea for me, please. Un té para mí, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

A coffee for him, please.

A coffee for him, please. Un café para él, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza for me, please.

The pizza for me, please. La pizza para mí, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The chicken for her, please.

The chicken for her, please. El pollo para ella, por favor.

Here’s an extremely useful word in Spanish:

quiero It means “I would like” You pronounce it “key-AIR-oh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a coffee, please.

I would like a coffee, please. Quiero un café, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a tea for me.

I would like a tea for me. Quiero un té para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the chicken, please.

I would like the chicken, please. Quiero el pollo, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the pizza.

I would like the pizza. Quiero la pizza.

Here’s your next Spanish word:

una reserva It means “a reservation” You pronounce it “oona reh-SAIR-vah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a reservation.

I would like a reservation. Quiero una reserva.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a reservation, please.

I would like a reservation, please. Quiero una reserva, por favor.

Now, if you don’t want to dine alone, you might want a reservation for:

dos personas It means “two people” You pronounce it “dos pair-SOH-nas”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a reservation for two people, please.

I would like a reservation for two people, please. Quiero una reserva para dos personas, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for two people.

It’s for two people. Es para dos personas.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s perfect for two people.

It’s perfect for two people. Es perfecto para dos personas.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t very good for two people.

It isn’t very good for two people. No es muy bueno para dos personas.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

una mesa It means “a table” You pronounce it “oona MESS-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a table.

I would like a table. Quiero una mesa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a table, please.

I would like a table, please. Quiero una mesa, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a table for two people, please.

I would like a table for two people, please. Quiero una mesa para dos personas, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

A table for two, please.

A table for two, please. Una mesa para dos, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a table for three.

I would like a table for three. Quiero una mesa para tres.

A table for fifty! Remember how I put a Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of one of the previous lessons. It had food and drink related vocabulary. Well, I’ve put another Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you, too. This time, it includes all the numbers in Spanish from zero to a thousand. If you try and learn one to twelve off by heart, you will be able to get by in most situations.

WORD LIST SO FAR un / una – a un café – a coffee un té – a tea por favor – please quiero – I would like una reserva – a reservation dos personas – two people una mesa – a table

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The pizza for him, please

2.

A table for two, please

3.

A tea for him

4.

I would like a reservation for two people, please

5.

I would like a table for three people, please

6.

A coffee for me

7.

I would like the chicken, please

8.

I would like a table for five people, please

9.

I would like a coffee, please

10. I would like a tea, please

1.

La pizza para él, por favor

2.

Una mesa para dos, por favor

3.

Un té para él

4.

Quiero una reserva para dos personas, por favor

5.

Quiero una mesa para tres personas, por favor

6.

Un café para mí

7.

Quiero el pollo, por favor

8.

Quiero una mesa para cinco personas, por favor

9.

Quiero un café, por favor

10. Quiero un té, por favor

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Una mesa para cinco personas, por favor 2. La pizza es para él, por favor 3. Mi té es absolutamente terrible 4. Quiero una reserva, por favor 5. Una mesa para dos, por favor 6. Mi café es muy bueno 7. Quiero una mesa para ocho personas, por favor 8. Mi café es terrible 9. Quiero el pollo, por favor 10. Quiero una reserva para dos

1. A table for five people, please 2. The pizza for him, please 3. My tea is absolutely terrible 4. I would like a reservation, please 5. A table for two, please 6. My coffee is very good 7. I would like a table for eight people, please 8. My coffee is terrible 9. I would like the chicken, please 10. I would like a reservation for two

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s absolutely beautiful

2.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

3.

My chicken is terrible

4.

It’s absolutely delicious

5.

The chicken is very good

6.

I think it’s delicious

7.

I think everybody is very nice

8.

It’s perfect here

9.

Everything is nice here

10. I think everything is perfect

1.

Es absolutamente precioso

2.

Para mí, el restaurante es fantástico

3.

Mi pollo es terrible

4.

Es absolutamente delicioso

5.

El pollo es muy bueno

6.

Para mí, es delicioso

7.

Para mí, todo el mundo es muy simpático

8.

Es perfecto aquí

9.

Todo es simpático aquí

10. Para mí, todo es perfecto

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Sí, es absolutamente delicioso 2. Es siempre muy bueno aquí 3. Para mí, es absolutamente precioso aquí 4. La pizza es para ella 5. Todo el mundo es simpático aquí 6. No es bueno aquí; es absolutamente fantástico 7. Mi hotel es precioso 8. Todo es terrible aquí 9. Es absolutamente precioso 10. Para mí, es muy bueno aquí

1. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 2. It’s always very good here 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. The pizza is for her 5. Everybody is nice here 6. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 7. My hotel is beautiful 8. Everything is terrible here 9. It’s absolutely beautiful 10. I think it’s very good here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. for him 2. no 3. the chicken 4. a coffee 5. perfect 6. the restaurant 7. always 8. extraordinary 9. fantastic 10. it isn’t 11. yes 12. nice 13. here 14. the pizza 15. very 16. two people 17. delicious 18. a table 19. beautiful 20. everything 21. a tea 22. for her 23. everybody 24. is 25. it is 26. thank you 27. the hotel 28. I think 29. for me 30. a 31. terrible

32. a reservation 33. but 34. my 35. I would like 36. absolutely 37. please 38. good 39. isn’t 40. that 41. that is…

1. para él 2. no 3. el pollo 4. un café 5. perfecto 6. el restaurante 7. siempre 8. extraordinario 9. fantástico 10. no es 11. sí 12. simpático 13. aquí 14. la pizza 15. muy 16. dos personas 17. delicioso 18. una mesa 19. precioso 20. todo 21. un té 22. para ella 23. todo el mundo 24. es 25. es 26. gracias 27. el hotel 28. para mí 29. para mí 30. un 31. terrible 32. una reserva 33. pero 34. mi

35. quiero 36. absolutamente 37. por favor 38. bueno 39. no es 40. eso 41. eso es…

Vocabulary Expansion Section

los números

the numbers

0-10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

cero uno dos tres cuatro cinco seis siete ocho nueve diez

11-20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

once doce trece catorce quince dieciséis diecisiete dieciocho diecinueve veinte

21-30 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

veintiuno veintidós veintitrés veinticuatro veinticinco veintiséis veintisiete veintiocho veintinueve treinta

31-40 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

treinta y uno treinta y dos treinta y tres treinta y cuatro treinta y cinco treinta y seis treinta y siete treinta y ocho treinta y nueve cuarenta

41-50 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

cuarenta y uno cuarenta y dos cuarenta y tres cuarenta y cuatro cuarenta y cinco cuarenta y seis cuarenta y siete cuarenta y ocho cuarenta y nueve cincuenta

51-60 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

cincuenta y uno cincuenta y dos cincuenta y tres cincuenta y cuatro cincuenta y cinco cincuenta y seis cincuenta y siete cincuenta y ocho cincuenta y nueve sesenta

61-70 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

sesenta y uno sesenta y dos sesenta y tres sesenta y cuatro sesenta y cinco sesenta y seis sesenta y siete sesenta y ocho sesenta y nueve setenta

71-80 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

setenta y uno setenta y dos setenta y tres setenta y cuatro setenta y cinco setenta y seis setenta y siete setenta y ocho setenta y nueve ochenta

81-90 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

ochenta y uno ochenta y dos ochenta y tres ochenta y cuatro ochenta y cinco ochenta y seis ochenta y siete ochenta y ocho ochenta y nueve noventa

91-100 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

noventa y uno noventa y dos noventa y tres noventa y cuatro noventa y cinco noventa y seis noventa y siete noventa y ocho noventa y nueve cien

101-110 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110

ciento uno ciento dos ciento tres ciento cuatro ciento cinco ciento seis ciento siete ciento ocho ciento nueve ciento diez

200-210 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210

doscientos doscientos uno doscientos dos doscientos tres doscientos cuatro doscientos cinco doscientos seis doscientos siete doscientos ocho doscientos nueve doscientos diez

300-1000 300 301 302 303 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1000000

trescientos trescientos uno trescientos dos trescientos tres cuatrocientos quinientos seiscientos setecientos ochocientos novecientos mil un millón

LESSON 8 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? a (masculine / feminine) a tea a table I would like two people please a coffee a reservation If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

la comida It means “the food” You pronounce it “lah coh-MEE-dah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The food is good here.

The food is here. La comida es buena aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The food is delicious.

The food is delicious. La comida es deliciosa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The food here is always very good.

The food here is always very good. La comida aquí es siempre buena.

Here’s a useful little linking word in Spanish:

y It means “and” You pronounce it “eee”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a tea and a coffee.

I would like a tea and a coffee. Quiero un té y un café.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the chicken for me and the pizza for him.

I would like the chicken for me and the pizza for him. Quiero el pollo para mí y la pizza para él.

How would you say this in Spanish?

María and Pedro.

María and Pedro. María y Pedro.

This is a nice little word:

también It means “also” You pronounce it “tam-bee-EN”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a tea and also a coffee.

I would like a tea and also a coffee. Quiero un té y también un café.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please.

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please. También, quiero un café para mí, por favor.

WORD LIST SO FAR la comida – the food y – and también – also

The word for “is” in Spanish is “es”. Here’s another useful word:

son It means “are” You pronounce it “son”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The tea and the coffee are for me.

The tea and the coffee are for me. El té y el café son para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That and that are for him.

That and that are for him. Eso y eso son para él.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The pizza and the chicken are for me.

The pizza and the chicken are for me. La pizza y el pollo son para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The tea and the coffee are for me.

The tea and the coffee are for me. El té y el café son para mí.

The opposite to “son”, in Spanish, is:

no son It means “are not” You pronounce it “noh son”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The tea and the coffee aren’t for him.

The tea and the coffee aren’t for him. El té y el café no son para él.

The Spanish THE So far, we’ve seen that the Spanish have two words for “the”:

EL & LA Well, there is actually a third and fourth way:

LOS & LAS These are used when there is more than one of something. You use LOS in front of masculine nouns and LAS in front of feminine nouns. E.g. las mesas = the tables los pollos = the chickens We call them the “plural the”

el the (masculine singular)

la the (feminine singular)

los the (masculine plural)

las the (feminine plural)

The Spanish plural In English, most of the time, if you want to make a noun plural, you just add an ‘s’ to the end. E.g. “chicken” becomes “chickens” in the plural. Most of the time, you can do this in Spanish, too. You just put an ‘s’ on the end of the noun and put the “plural the” in front of it. Look at the examples below:

el pollo – los pollos the chicken – the chickens

la pizza – las pizzas the pizza – the pizzas

el restaurante – los restaurantes the restaurant – the restaurants

Here is a list of singular nouns. See if you can make them plural. I’ve put the answers afterwards: 1. el pollo (the chicken) 2. la pizza (the pizza) 3. el restaurante (the restaurant) 4. el hotel (the hotel) 5. el café (the coffee) 6. el té (the tea) 7. la mesa (the table) 8. la persona (the person) 9. la reserva (the reservation) 10. la llave (the key) 11. el libro (the book) 12. la casa (the house) 13. el vino (the wine) 14. el vaso (the glass)

Here are the answers. I hope you got them all right! 1. los pollos (the chickens) 2. las pizzas (the pizzas) 3. los restaurantes (the restaurants) 4. los hoteles* (the hotels) 5. los cafés (the coffees) 6. los tés (the teas) 7. las mesas (the tables) 8. las personas (the people) 9. las reservas (the reservations) 10. las llaves (the keys) 11. los libros (the books) 12. las casas (the houses) 13. los vinos (the wines) 14. los vasos (the glasses) *when a word ends in a consonant, to make it plural you have to add –es. Therefore, “el hotel” becomes “los hoteles”.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The coffees are for her.

The coffees are for her. Los cafés son para ella.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurants.

The restaurants. Los restaurantes.

Making the adjective agree Remember, I showed you that all adjectives have a feminine form that you have to use when talking about a feminine noun? Well, there are also plural forms. You use these to talk about plural nouns. So, that means each adjective in Spanish has four different forms. I’ll show you with the adjective “bueno” (good).

el pollo es bueno the chicken is good (masculine singular)

la pizza es buena the pizza is good (feminine singular)

los pollos son buenos the chickens are good (masculine plural)

las pizzas son buenas the pizzas are good (feminine plural) Every single adjective has these four forms. I’ve laid out all the different forms of each of the adjectives we’ve learnt so far. It goes “English – masculine singular – masculine plural – feminine singular – feminine plural”. GOOD – BUENO – BUENOS – BUENA – BUENAS DELICIOUS – DELICIOSO – DELICIOSOS – DELICIOSA – DELICIOSAS FANTASTIC – FANTÁSTICO – FANTÁSTICOS – FANTÁSTICA – FANTÁSTICAS

BEAUTIFUL – PRECIOSO – PRECIOSOS – PRECIOSA – PRECIOSAS EXTRAORDINARY – EXTRAORDINARIO – EXTRAORDINARIOS – EXTRAORDINARIA – EXTRAORDINARIAS PERFECT – PERFECTO – PERFECTOS – PERFECTA – PERFECTAS BAD – MALO – MALOS – MALA – MALAS TERRIBLE – TERRIBLE – TERRIBLES – TERRIBLE – TERRIBLES NICE – SIMPÁTICO – SIMPÁTICOS – SIMPÁTICA - SIMPÁTICAS You’ll probably see a pattern. If an adjective ends in an ‘o’, the ‘o’ becomes an ‘os’ in the masculine plural, an ‘a’ in the feminine, and an ‘as’ in the feminine plural. If a word ends in an ‘e’, like “terrible”, then you just add an ‘s’ in both the plurals, and it stays the same in the feminine.

Masculine or Feminine? So, when you’re talking about masculine nouns you use the masculine singular or the masculine plural versions of the adjective, and when you’re talking about a feminine noun you use the feminine singular or the feminine plural versions of the adjectives. el pollo es bueno los pollos son buenos la pizza es buena las pizzas son buenas However, what if you want to say something like this? The chicken and the pizza are good Well, whenever you’re talking about a mixture of masculine and feminine nouns, the masculine plural adjective is always used. El pollo y la pizza son buenos

Now, let’s practise a little with these adjective agreement rules. Here’s a random feminine noun:

una zanahoria It means “a carrot” You pronounce it “oonah sah-nah-OH-ree-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The carrot.

The carrot. La zanahoria.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The carrots.

The carrots. Las zanahorias.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The carrots are good.

The carrots are good. Las zanahorias son buenas.

And here’s a random masculine noun:

un plátano It means “a banana” You pronounce it “oon PLAH-tah-noh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The banana.

The banana. El plátano.

How would you say this?

The bananas.

The bananas. Los plátanos.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bananas are good.

The bananas are good. Los plátanos son buenos.

The Spanish MY We’ve seen the first version of “my” in Spanish. Well, there’s a plural version too:

mi my (singular)

mis my (plural)

How would you say this in Spanish?

My carrots are delicious.

My carrots are delicious. Mis zanahorias son deliciosas.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My bananas are delicious.

My bananas are delicious. Mis plátanos son deliciosos.

Quick test Let’s do a quick test. See if you can translate these sentences into Spanish. The answers are on the next page. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

My chicken is good. My pizza is good. My bananas are good. My carrots are good. The chicken here is good. The pizza here is good. The bananas here are good. The carrots here are good.

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Mi pollo es bueno. Mi pizza es buena. Mis plátanos son buenos. Mis zanahorias son buenas. El pollo aquí es bueno. La pizza aquí es buena. Los plátanos aquí son buenos. Las zanahorias aquí son buenas.

Don’t lose sleep This lesson has been full of little grammar rules. They aren’t difficult to understand but there are a lot to remember, especially for a beginner in the language. However, I always say, “Don't lose sleep!” I’ve introduced these grammatical structures very early on in the course but I don’t expect you to remember them all whenever you speak Spanish. The reason I’ve introduced them now is because it’s best to get them out of the way with early, and then the more you see them, the more you’ll remember them. The most important thing when speaking a foreign language is just making sure you’re understood. Whether you miss off a letter or use the wrong word for “the”, as long as you’re speaking and the other person understands what you're saying, it doesn't matter in the slightest. Worrying about these rules will only stop you from wanting to speak but at the same time, knowing about them will make it easier in the long run. But, as I said, don’t lose sleep over them. Even the most fluent of speakers makes a slip-up with these rules now and again so just learn them and then focus on the speaking.

WORD LIST SO FAR la comida – the food y – and también – also son – are no son – aren’t los / las – the (masculine plural / feminine plural) una zanahoria – a carrot un plátano – a banana mis – my (plural)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The food here is always delicious

2.

I would like two chickens, please, one for me and one for her

3.

The carrots are very good

4.

I think the food is perfect here

5.

The bananas are very good

6.

The food is always terrible

7.

The chicken for me and the pizza for her, please

8.

The food here is very good

9.

The chicken is delicious

10. The pizza and the chicken are very good

1.

La comida aquí es siempre deliciosa

2.

Quiero dos pollos, por favor, un para mí y un para ella

3.

Las zanahorias son muy buenas

4.

Para mí, la comida es perfecta aquí

5.

Los plátanos son muy buenos

6.

La comida es siempre terrible

7.

El pollo para mí y la pizza para ella, por favor

8.

La comida aquí es muy buena

9.

El pollo es delicioso

10. La pizza y el pollo son muy buenos

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. La comida aquí es muy buena 2. La pizza es deliciosa 3. Mi comida es deliciosa 4. Las zanahorias son terribles 5. El pollo es delicioso 6. Los plátanos son muy buenos 7. Quiero dos tés y tres cafés 8. Quiero un té para él y un café para ella 9. También, quiero un café, por favor 10. Mis zanahorias son perfectas

1. The food here is very good 2. The pizza is delicious 3. My food is delicious 4. The carrots are terrible 5. The chicken is delicious 6. The bananas are very good 7. I would like two teas and three coffees 8. I would like a tea for him and a coffee for her 9. Also, I would like a coffee, please 10. My carrots are perfect

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It isn’t very good

2.

I would like a coffee, please

3.

Everybody is very nice

4.

The restaurant is very good

5.

The hotel is terrible

6.

It’s good

7.

The chicken is very good

8.

The pizza is very good

9.

It isn’t very delicious

10. I would like a tea for him, please

1.

No es muy bueno

2.

Quiero un café, por favor

3.

Todo el mundo es muy simpático

4.

El restaurante es muy bueno

5.

El hotel es terrible

6.

Es bueno

7.

El pollo es muy bueno

8.

La pizza es muy buena

9.

No es muy delicioso

10. Quiero un té para él, por favor

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Eso es delicioso pero no es muy bueno para mí 2. No es fantástico pero es muy bueno 3. No para ella 4. El restaurante no es malo 5. No es para ella ; es para él 6. No es para él ; es para mí 7. El pollo es muy bueno pero la pizza es extraordinaria 8. Para mí, la pizza es extraordinaria 9. Eso para mí, gracias 10. Es muy bueno

1. That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me 2. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 3. Not for her 4. The restaurant isn’t bad 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 6. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 7. The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary 8. I think the pizza is extraordinary 9. That for me, thank you 10. It’s very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. nice 2. my 3. everything 4. for me 5. a coffee 6. a carrot 7. it is 8. please 9. the restaurant 10. the pizza 11. I think 12. that is… 13. but 14. and 15. for her 16. yes 17. a banana 18. perfect 19. I would like 20. the (plural) 21. the food 22. aren't 23. no 24. a 25. very 26. a table 27. everybody 28. always 29. also 30. here 31. beautiful

32. my (plural) 33. a reservation 34. that 35. good 36. isn’t 37. extraordinary 38. a tea 39. it isn’t 40. absolutely 41. delicious 42. the chicken 43. the hotel 44. are 45. fantastic 46. terrible 47. thank you 48. is 49. for him 50. two people 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

simpático mi todo para mí un café una zanahoria es por favor el restaurante la pizza para mí eso es… pero y para ella sí

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

un plátano perfecto quiero los / las la comida no son no un / una muy una mesa todo el mundo siempre también aquí precioso mis una reserva eso bueno no es extraordinario un té no es absolutamente delicioso el pollo el hotel son fantástico terrible gracias es para él dos personas

LESSON 9 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? a banana the (plural) my (plural) aren’t a carrot and the food are also If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more. Now the previous lesson was rather intense, what with all the masculine, feminine, singular and plural rules. Therefore, I’m going to make this lesson a little less taxing. I’ll call it the “Greetings Lesson”, and you’ll soon see why.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

hola It means “hello” You pronounce it “OH-lah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please.

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please. Hola, quiero un café, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Hello, a tea for me, please.

Hello, a tea for me, please. Hola, un té para mí, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Hello, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please.

Hello, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please. Hola, la pizza para mí y el pollo para él, por favor.

Here’s your next greetings based word:

buenos días It means “good day” or “good morning” You pronounce it “bwe-nos DEE-ass”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Good day, two coffees, please.

Good day, two coffees, please. Buenos días, dos cafés, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Good day, I’d like a table for two, please.

Good day, I’d like a table for two, please. Buenos días, quiero una mesa para dos, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Good morning.

Good morning. Buenos días.

This is a nice little word:

buenas tardes It means “good afternoon” or “good evening” You pronounce it “bweh-nass TAR-dess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please.

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please. Buenas tardes, quiero una mesa para tres personas, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Good afternoon, two teas, please.

Good afternoon, two teas, please. Buenas tardes, dos tés, por favor.

WORD LIST SO FAR hola – hello buenos días –good day / good morning buenas tardes – good afternoon / good evening

How would you say this in Spanish?

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please.

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please. Buenas tardes, quiero una pizza, por favor.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

buenas noches It means “goodnight” You pronounce it “bweh-nas NOH-chess”

Here’s another word that goes nicely with the last word:

adiós It means “goodbye” You pronounce it “ah-dee-OSS”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Goodbye and goodnight.

Goodbye and goodnight. Adiós y buenas noches.

Here’s a final greetings phrase in Spanish:

hasta luego It means “see you soon” You pronounce it “ass-tah LWEH-goh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

See you soon.

See you soon. Hasta luego.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Goodbye and see you soon.

Goodbye and see you soon. Adiós y hasta luego.

Quick test Let’s just have a quick test. See if you can remember what all of these are in Spanish (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Hello Good day Good evening Goodnight Good afternoon Good morning Goodbye See you soon

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Hola Buenos días Buenas tardes Buenas noches Buenas tardes Buenos días Adiós Hasta luego

WORD LIST SO FAR hola – hello buenos días –good morning / good day buenas tardes – good afternoon / good evening buenas noches – goodnight adiós – goodbye hasta luego – see you soon

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Goodbye and see you soon

2.

Hello, I’d like two teas, please

3.

Good day

4.

Goodnight

5.

Hello

6.

Good evening

7.

Goodbye

8.

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please

9.

Good morning

10. See you soon

1.

Adiós y hasta luego

2.

Hola, quiero dos tés, por favor

3.

Buenos días

4.

Buenas noches

5.

Hola

6.

Buenas tardes

7.

Adiós

8.

Hola, quiero un café, por favor

9.

Buenos días

10. Hasta luego

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Buenas tardes 2. Adiós 3. Buenos días 4. Hola 5. Buenas noches 6. Adiós y buenas noches 7. Hola, quiero dos tés y un café 8. Buenas tardes, quiero un café, por favor 9. Buenas tardes, quiero una mesa para dos, por favor 10. Hasta luego

1. Good evening 2. Goodbye 3. Good day 4. Hello 5. Goodnight 6. Goodbye and goodnight 7. Hello, I’d like two teas and a coffee 8. Good evening, I would like a coffee, please 9. Good evening, I would like a table for two, please 10. See you soon

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I think that is absolutely extraordinary

2.

The food is fantastic

3.

It’s extraordinary here

4.

Also, I’d like a coffee, please

5.

Everything here is delicious

6.

The food is always delicious here

7.

That is for me

8.

I would like a table for three people

9.

It’s for her

10. Everything is fantastic here

1.

Para mí, eso es absolutamente extraordinario

2.

La comida es fantástica

3.

Es extraordinario aquí

4.

También, quiero un café, por favor

5.

Todo aquí es delicioso

6.

La comida es siempre deliciosa aquí

7.

Eso es para mí

8.

Quiero una mesa para tres personas

9.

Es para ella

10. Todo es fantástico aquí

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. No es muy bueno para mí 2. Sí, es para mí 3. Eso no es muy bueno para mí 4. Quiero un café, por favor 5. No es para ella; es para mí 6. La comida es terrible 7. El pollo es delicioso 8. No es malo aquí 9. Todo el mundo es muy simpático 10. Quiero una mesa para cinco, por favor

1. It isn’t very good for me 2. Yes, it’s for me 3. That isn’t very good for me 4. I would like a coffee, please 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The food is terrible 7. The chicken is delicious 8. It isn’t bad here 9. Everybody is very nice 10. I would like a table for five, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. fantastic 2. everything 3. isn't 4. hello 5. delicious 6. also 7. here 8. a coffee 9. everybody 10. I think / in my opinion 11. that is 12. goodnight 13. it is 14. for her 15. perfect 16. and 17. is 18. two people 19. a 20. no 21. a table 22. see you later 23. good evening 24. nice 25. a banana 26. aren't 27. that 28. the chicken 29. terrible 30. the food 31. goodbye

32. the paella 33. the restaurant 34. good day 35. I would like 36. yes 37. a carrot 38. my (plural) 39. but 40. are 41. beautiful 42. the hotel 43. for him 44. a reservation 45. good 46. absolutely 47. very 48. bad 49. my 50. a tea 51. thank you 52. it isn't 53. always 54. please 55. the (plural) 56. for me 57. extraordinary

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

fantástico todo no es hola delicioso también aquí un café todo el mundo para mí eso es buenas noches es para ella perfecto y es dos personas un / una no una mesa hasta luego buenas tardes simpático un plátano no son eso el pollo terrible la comida adiós la paella el restaurante buenos días quiero

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57.

sí una zanahoria mis pero son precioso el hotel para él una reserva bueno absolutamente muy malo mi un té gracias no es siempre por favor los/las para mí extraordinario

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons seven to nine of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons ten to twelve, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 10 – 12 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 7-9”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 10 LESSON 11 LESSON 12 Gracias

LESSON 10 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt at the end of the last book. How do you say the following in Spanish? good evening goodbye hello good day see you soon good morning goodnight If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last book and have a quick review of them before you start this book. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Spanish for this book:

la cuenta It means “the bill” You pronounce it “lah kwen-tah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the bill.

I would like the bill. Quiero la cuenta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like my bill.

I would like my bill. Quiero mi cuenta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bill is for him.

The bill is for him. La cuenta es para él.

Here’s a phrase you might be able to work out:

una botella de It means “a bottle of” You pronounce it “oona boh-tay-ah day”

How would you say this in Spanish?

A bottle of wine.

A bottle of wine. Una botella de vino.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bottle of wine.

I would like a bottle of wine. Quiero una botella de vino.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like two bottles of wine, please.

I would like two bottles of wine, please. Quiero dos botellas de vino, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bottle.

The bottle. La botella.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bottle of wine.

The bottle of wine. La botella de vino.

You’ll know what this means now:

el vino It means “the wine” You pronounce it “ell vee-noh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the wine.

WORD LIST SO FAR la cuenta – the bill una botella de – a bottle of una botella de vino – a bottle of wine el vino – the wine

I would like the wine. Quiero el vino.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The wine is delicious.

The wine is delicious. El vino es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The wine is very good.

The wine is very good. El vino es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The wine is for me.

The wine is for me. El vino es para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think the wine is always very good here.

I think the wine is always very good here. Para mí, el vino es siempre muy bueno aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My wine is terrible.

My wine is terrible. Mi vino es terrible.

Have a look at this phrase:

una botella de agua It means “a bottle of water” You pronounce it “oonah boh-tay-ah day ah-gwah”

WORD LIST SO FAR la cuenta – the bill una botella de – a bottle of una botella de vino – a bottle of wine el vino – the wine una botella de agua – a bottle of water

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bottle of water.

The bottle of water. La botella de agua.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bottle of water, please.

I would like a bottle of water, please. Quiero una botella de agua, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please.

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please. Quiero una botella de agua para la mesa, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bottle of water for me, please.

The bottle of water for me, please. La botella de agua para mí, por favor.

Here’s a little question you can use:

¿Cuánto es? It means “How much is it?” You pronounce it “kwan-toh ess”

How much is it? Firstly, let me just point out that, in Spanish, every question starts with an upside down question mark ¿. Secondly, you can use “¿Cuánto es?” by itself to simply mean “How much is it?” However, you can also put it in front of things to mean “How much is…?”

¿Cuánto es el pollo? How much is the chicken?

¿Cuánto es una botella? How much is a bottle?

So, just to reiterate:

¿Cuánto es…? It means “How much is…?” You pronounce it “kwan-toh ess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is the chicken?

How much is the chicken? ¿Cuánto es el pollo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is the pizza?

How much is the pizza? ¿Cuánto es la pizza?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is the wine here?

How much is the wine here? ¿Cuánto es el vino aquí?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is that?

How much is that? ¿Cuánto es eso?

Here’s a useful phrase:

perdón It means “excuse me” You pronounce it “pair-don”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, how much is the wine?

Excuse me, how much is the wine? Perdón, ¿cuánto es el vino?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please. Perdón, quiero la cuenta, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of water?

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of water? Perdón, ¿cuánto es una botella de agua?

WORD LIST SO FAR la cuenta – the bill una botella de – a bottle of una botella de vino – a bottle of wine el vino – the wine una botella de agua – a bottle of water el agua – the water ¿cuánto es? – how much is it? ¿cuánto es…? – how much is …? perdón – excuse me

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in Spanish now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations. If you grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

2.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please

3.

How much is a bottle of water?

4.

I would like a bottle of wine, please

5.

How much is it?

6.

The bill is for him

7.

I would like two bottles of water, please

8.

How much is a table for three people?

9.

I would like my bill, please

10. How much is the chicken here?

1.

Quiero dos botellas de vino, por favor

2.

Perdón, quiero la cuenta, por favor

3.

¿Cuánto es una botella de agua?

4.

Quiero una botella de vino, por favor

5.

¿Cuánto es?

6.

La cuenta es para él

7.

Quiero dos botellas de agua, por favor

8.

¿Cuánto es una mesa para tres personas?

9.

Quiero mi cuenta, por favor

10. ¿Cuánto es el pollo aquí?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quiero mi cuenta, por favor 2. La cuenta es para mí 3. Perdón, ¿cuánto es una botella de vino aquí? 4. La cuenta, por favor 5. ¿Cuánto es una mesa para tres personas? 6. ¿Cuánto es mi cuenta? 7. ¿Cuánto es una mesa para diez personas? 8. ¿Cuánto es la cuenta? 9. Quiero la cuenta, por favor 10. Mi cuenta, por favor

1. I would like my bill, please 2. The bill is for me 3. Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here? 4. The bill, please 5. How much is a table for three people? 6. How much is my bill? 7. How much is a table for ten people? 8. How much is the bill? 9. I would like the bill, please 10. My bill, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant is fantastic

2.

Yes, it’s very good

3.

No, that isn’t for her

4.

It isn’t very good for her

5.

It’s for him

6.

It’s for me

7.

I would like a reservation for two people, please

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

10. My hotel is perfect

1.

El restaurante es fantástico

2.

Sí, es muy bueno

3.

No, eso no es para ella

4.

No es muy bueno para ella

5.

Es para él

6.

Es para mí

7.

Quiero una reserva para dos personas, por favor

8.

Es absolutamente delicioso

9.

Para mí, el restaurante es fantástico

10. Mi hotel es perfecto

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Sí, para mí, es fantástico aquí 2. Es siempre fantástico aquí 3. Eso es para mí 4. Es absolutamente extraordinario aquí 5. Mi pollo es terrible 6. Es fantástico 7. Para mí, el restaurante es muy bueno 8. No para mí, gracias 9. No es muy bueno para ella 10. Es muy precioso aquí

1. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 2. It’s always fantastic here 3. That is for me 4. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 5. My chicken is terrible 6. It’s fantastic 7. I think the restaurant is very good 8. Not for me, thank you 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. It’s very beautiful here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish?

1. a reservation 2. goodbye 3. it is 4. absolutely 5. a coffee 6. everything 7. the restaurant 8. is 9. very 10. my 11. that 12. goodnight 13. the hotel 14. nice 15. two people 16. the food 17. it isn’t 18. isn’t 19. but 20. yes 21. perfect 22. here 23. a tea 24. the water 25. the bill 26. a carrot 27. also

28. for her 29. my (plural) 30. excuse me 31. a banana 32. extraordinary 33. delicious 34. the (plural) 35. the wine 36. are 37. the chicken 38. I would like 39. beautiful 40. no 41. a bottle of water 42. the pizza 43. see you soon 44. that is… 45. good 46. always 47. everybody 48. for him 49. terrible 50. for me 51. how much is it? 52. fantastic 53. hello 54. a bottle of wine 55. and 56. thank you 57. good evening 58. a table 59. aren't

60. a 61. please 62. I think

1. una reserva 2. adiós 3. es 4. absolutamente 5. un café 6. todo 7. el restaurante 8. es 9. muy 10. mi 11. eso 12. buenas noches 13. el hotel 14. simpático 15. dos personas 16. la comida 17. no es 18. no es 19. pero 20. sí 21. perfecto 22. aquí 23. un té 24. el agua 25. la cuenta 26. una zanahoria 27. también 28. para ella 29. mis 30. perdón 31. un plátano

32. extraordinario 33. delicioso 34. los / las 35. el vino 36. son 37. el pollo 38. quiero 39. precioso 40. no 41. una botella de agua 42. la pizza 43. hasta luego 44. eso es… 45. bueno 46. siempre 47. todo el mundo 48. para él 49. terrible 50. para mí 51. ¿cuánto es? 52. fantástico 53. hola 54. una botella de vino 55. y 56. gracias 57. buenas tardes 58. una mesa 59. no son 60. un / una 61. por favor 62. para mí

LESSON 11 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? a bottle how much is it? how much is…? excuse me the water the bill a bottle of wine a bottle of water the wine If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Spanish for this lesson, It’s a verb:

probar It means “(to) try” You pronounce it “proh-bahr”

probar = (to) try I’ve put the “to” in brackets in “to try”. This is because, in English, sometimes the verb is “to try” and other times we simply say “try”. For example, look at the two sentences in English below:

I would like to try the wine. Can I try the wine? The first sentence uses “to try” and the second uses just “try”. This is an English thing that doesn’t change anything in Spanish; in Spanish, you always use “probar” whether it’s “to try” or just “try” in English.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to try the wine.

I would like to try the wine. Quiero probar el vino.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to try the cheese.

I would like to try the cheese. Quiero probar el queso.

Here’s your next phrase in Spanish:

puedo It means “can I” You pronounce it “pweh-doh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I try the wine?

Can I try the wine? ¿Puedo probar el vino?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I try the cheese?

Can I try the cheese? ¿Puedo probar el queso?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to try that, please.

I would like to try that, please. Quiero probar eso, por favor.

This phrase also has a second meaning in Spanish:

puedo It can also mean “may I” You pronounce it “pweh-doh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

May I try that?

May I try that? ¿Puedo probar eso?

Here’s another verb for you to use in Spanish:

pagar It means “(to) pay” You pronounce it “pah-gahr”

pagar In Spanish, you don’t pay FOR something; you simply pay. What I mean is that you don’t have to use the word “para” with “pagar” like we do in English. Look at the example below:

quiero pagar el vino I would like to pay for the wine In Spanish, the sentence above literally means “I would like to pay the wine”.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay for the coffees?

Can I pay for the coffees? ¿Puedo pagar los cafés?

WORD LIST SO FAR probar – (to) try puedo – can I? / may I? pagar – (to) pay / (to) pay for

How would you say this in Spanish?

May I pay for the wine?

May I pay for the wine? ¿Puedo pagar el vino?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to pay the bill.

I would like to pay the bill. Quiero pagar la cuenta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to pay my bill.

I would like to pay my bill. Quiero pagar mi cuenta.

I’ll give you a final verb for this lesson:

hacer It means “(to) make” You pronounce it “ah-sair”

What is a verb? All these words that I’ve been giving to you this lesson with the “(to)” in front of them are called verbs. They are sometimes called action words: to try, to pay, to make. In English, you often see them with a “to” in front of them. So far, we’ve had:

probar (to) try

pagar (to) pay

hacer (to) make

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I make a reservation?

Can I make a reservation? ¿Puedo hacer una reserva?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to make a reservation.

I would like to make a reservation. Quiero hacer una reserva.

How would you say this in Spanish?

May I make a reservation for three people, please?

May I make a reservation for three people, please? ¿Puedo hacer una reserva para tres personas, por favor?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to make a reservation for eight people.

I would like to make a reservation for eight people. Quiero hacer una reserva para ocho personas.

WORD LIST SO FAR probar – (to) try puedo – can I? / may I? pagar – (to) pay / (to) pay for hacer – (to) make

Now we’ve added a few verbs to our collection of Spanish vocabulary, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. If you grab a piece of paper, see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to try that, please

2.

Can I try the wine?

3.

Can I make a reservation?

4.

I would like to make a reservation

5.

Can I make a reservation for three people, please?

6.

Can I pay for the coffee?

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

May I try the chicken, please?

9.

Can I pay here?

10. Can I pay the bill, please?

1.

Quiero probar eso, por favor

2.

¿Puedo probar el vino?

3.

¿Puedo hacer una reserva?

4.

Quiero hacer una reserva

5.

¿Puedo hacer una reserva para tres personas, por favor?

6.

¿Puedo pagar el café?

7.

¿Puedo probar el queso, por favor?

8.

¿Puedo probar el pollo, por favor?

9.

¿Puedo pagar aquí?

10. ¿Puedo pagar la cuenta, por favor?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. ¿Puedo probar eso, por favor? 2. Quiero pagar la cuenta, por favor 3. ¿Puedo hacer una reserva para tres personas, por favor? 4. ¿Puedo probar la pizza, por favor? 5. ¿Puedo pagar el vino? 6. ¿Puedo pagar el café? 7. Quiero pagar el vino, por favor 8. ¿Puedo probar el vino? 9. Quiero probar el queso 10. ¿Puedo pagar la cuenta, por favor?

1. Can I try that, please? 2. I would like to pay the bill, please 3. Can I make a reservation for three people, please? 4. Can I try the pizza, please? 5. Can I pay for the wine? 6. Can I pay for the coffee? 7. I would like to pay for the wine, please 8. Can I try the wine? 9. I would like to try the cheese 10. Can I pay the bill, please?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

2.

I think it’s delicious

3.

Everything is perfect

4.

Hello, I would like a table for three people, please

5.

The chicken is delicious

6.

It’s always very good here

7.

It isn’t fantastic

8.

A table for five, please

9.

My pizza is fantastic

10. That isn’t good for him

1.

Para mí, el restaurante es fantástico

2.

Para mí, es delicioso

3.

Todo es perfecto

4.

Hola, quiero una mesa para tres personas, por favor

5.

El pollo es delicioso

6.

Es siempre muy bueno aquí

7.

No es fantástico

8.

Una mesa para cinco, por favor

9.

Mi pizza es fantástica

10. Eso no es bueno para él

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. No es para él; es para ella 2. Perdón, quiero un café, por favor 3. Es muy precioso aquí 4. Mi hotel es muy bueno 5. El restaurante aquí es fantástico 6. Es siempre muy bueno 7. Mis zanahorias son perfectas 8. Quiero una reserva, por favor 9. Adiós y hasta luego 10. Es siempre fantástico aquí

1. It isn’t for him; it’s for her 2. Excuse me, I would like a coffee, please 3. It’s very beautiful here 4. My hotel is very good 5. The restaurant here is fantastic 6. It’s always very good 7. My carrots are perfect 8. I would like a reservation, please 9. Goodbye and see you later 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. for me 2. goodbye 3. a bottle of water 4. everything 5. for him 6. always 7. a 8. the water 9. see you soon 10. everybody 11. the restaurant 12. delicious 13. it is 14. please 15. very 16. I would like 17. the food 18. terrible 19. the (plural) 20. and 21. a reservation 22. a table 23. nice 24. for her 25. no 26. the pizza 27. I think 28. my (plural) 29. my 30. (to) pay (for) 31. it isn’t 32. goodnight

33. can I? / may I? 34. how much is it? 35. the hotel 36. fantastic 37. a carrot 38. excuse me 39. but 40. that is… 41. the bill 42. hello 43. perfect 44. yes 45. the chicken 46. absolutely 47. (to) try 48. are 49. extraordinary 50. a banana 51. that 52. (to) make 53. thank you 54. also 55. here 56. two people 57. a tea 58. is 59. the wine 60. good 61. aren't 62. isn’t 63. beautiful 64. good evening 65. a coffee 66. a bottle of wine

1. para mí 2. adiós 3. una botella de agua 4. todo 5. para él 6. siempre 7. un / una 8. el agua 9. hasta luego 10. todo el mundo 11. el restaurante 12. delicioso 13. es 14. por favor 15. muy 16. quiero 17. la comida 18. terrible 19. los / las 20. y 21. una reserva 22. una mesa 23. simpático 24. para ella 25. no 26. la pizza 27. para mí 28. mis 29. mi 30. pagar 31. no es 32. buenas noches 33. puedo 34. ¿cuánto es? 35. el hotel 36. fantástico

37. una zanahoria 38. perdón 39. pero 40. eso es… 41. la cuenta 42. hola 43. perfecto 44. sí 45. el pollo 46. absolutamente 47. probar 48. son 49. extraordinario 50. un plátano 51. eso 52. hacer 53. gracias 54. también 55. aquí 56. dos personas 57. un té 58. es 59. el vino 60. bueno 61. no son 62. no es 63. precioso 64. buenas tardes 65. un café 66. una botella de vino

LESSON 12 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? (to) pay (to) make (to) try can I? / may I? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s add another verb to your ever-growing collection:

alquilar It means “(to) hire” or “(to) rent” You pronounce it “al-key-lahr”

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it to hire that?

How much is it to hire that? ¿Cuánto es alquilar eso?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to hire that.

I would like to hire that. Quiero alquilar eso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I hire that?

Can I hire that? ¿Puedo alquilar eso?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I hire that for two people, please?

Can I hire that for two people, please? ¿Puedo alquilar eso para dos personas, por favor?

Let me give you something that you can hire:

un coche It means “a car” You pronounce it “oon koh-chay”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to hire a car.

I would like to hire a car. Quiero alquilar un coche.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I hire a car?

Can I hire a car? ¿Puedo alquilar un coche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a car for five people.

I would like a car for five people. Quiero un coche para cinco personas.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The car is perfect.

The car is perfect. El coche es perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think the car is very good.

I think the car is very good. Para mí, el coche es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The car is perfect for five people.

The car is perfect for five people. El coche es perfecto para cinco personas.

Here’s a common yet useful word in Spanish:

una semana It means “one week” or “a week” You pronounce it “oonah seh-mah-nah”

Here’s another phrase that’s used with “una semana”:

por una semana It means “for one week” or “for a week” You pronounce it “pour oonah seh-mah-nah”

Spanish “for” We’ve already seen that the Spanish word for “for” is “para”. However, when you want to use “for” in front of a length of time, you can use a different word for “for” = “por”. So, “for a week” is “por una semana”.

quiero el coche por una semana I want the car for one week So, most of the time, you can use “para” to mean “for”. However, when you’re saying how long something is lasting “for”, you use the different word “por”, instead.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I hire a car for one week?

Can I hire a car for one week? ¿Puedo alquilar un coche por una semana?

WORD LIST SO FAR alquilar – to hire un coche – a car una semana – a week / one week por una semana – for one week

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a car for one week.

I would like a car for one week. Quiero un coche por una semana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for one week?

How much is it for one week? ¿Cuánto es por una semana?

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for one week.

It’s for one week. Es por una semana.

I’m sure you’ll be able to guess what this means:

dos semanas It means “two weeks” You pronounce it “doss seh-mah-nass”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I hire a car for two weeks?

Can I hire a car for two weeks? ¿Puedo alquilar un coche por dos semanas?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for two weeks?

How much is it for two weeks? ¿Cuánto es por dos semanas?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please.

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please. Quiero alquilar eso por dos semanas, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for two weeks.

It’s for two weeks. Es por dos semanas.

This word is a little shorter than a week:

un día It means “a day” or “one day” You pronounce it “oon dee-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I’d like a car for one day, please.

WORD LIST SO FAR alquilar – to hire / to rent un coche – a car una semana – a week / one week dos semanas – two weeks por una semana – for one week un día – a day / one day por un día – for one day

I’d like a car for one day, please. Quiero un coche por un día, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for one day?

How much is it for one day? ¿Cuánto es por un día?

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for one day.

It’s for one day. Es por un día.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I hire that for one day?

Can I hire that for one day? ¿Puedo alquilar eso por un día?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the car for one day, please.

I would like the car for one day, please. Quiero el coche por un día, por favor.

You can probably guess what this means:

dos días It means “two days” You pronounce it “doss dee-ass”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to hire a car for two days.

I would like to hire a car for two days. Quiero alquilar un coche por dos días.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for two days.

It’s for two days. Es por dos días.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for two days?

How much is it for two days? ¿Cuánto es por dos días?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the car for two days.

I would like the car for two days. Quiero el coche por dos días.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I hire that for two days?

Can I hire that for two days? ¿Puedo alquilar eso por dos días?

This word is a little longer than a week:

un mes It means “a month” or “one month” You pronounce it “oon mess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for one month.

It’s for one month. Es por un mes.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for one month?

How much is it for one month? ¿Cuánto es por un mes?

The word “mes” ends in the letter S, so to make it plural, you have to add to add an ES:

dos meses It means “two months” You pronounce it “doss meh-sess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to hire the car for two months, please.

I would like to hire the car for two months, please. Quiero alquilar el coche por dos meses, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for two months?

How much is it for two months? ¿Cuánto es por dos meses?

WORD LIST SO FAR alquilar – to hire / to rent un coche – a car una semana – one week dos semanas – two weeks por una semana – for one week un día – one day dos días – two days por un día – for one day un mes – one month dos meses – two months por un mes – for one month

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to hire a car. How much is it?

2.

How much is it for eight days?

3.

My car is terrible

4.

How much is it for two weeks?

5.

Can I hire a car for three weeks, please?

6.

Can I hire a car for three days, please?

7.

I would like to hire a car for one week. How much is it?

8.

I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much is it?

9.

How much is it for nine days?

10. I would like to hire two cars

1.

Quiero alquilar un coche. ¿Cuánto es?

2.

¿Cuánto es por ocho días?

3.

Mi coche es terrible

4.

¿Cuánto es por dos semanas?

5.

¿Puedo alquilar un coche por tres semanas, por favor?

6.

¿Puedo alquilar un coche por tres días, por favor?

7.

Quiero alquilar un coche por una semana. ¿Cuánto es?

8.

Quiero alquilar un coche por dos semanas. ¿Cuánto es?

9.

¿Cuánto es por nueve días?

10. Quiero alquilar dos coches

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. ¿Cuánto es por seis días? 2. ¿Cuánto es por cinco días? 3. ¿Puedo alquilar un coche aquí? 4. Quiero alquilar dos coches 5. Quiero alquilar un coche 6. Quiero alquilar un coche por tres días, por favor 7. El coche es perfecto 8. Mi coche es terrible 9. ¿Cuánto es por dos semanas? 10. ¿Cuánto es por tres días?

1. How much is it for six days? 2. How much is it for five days? 3. Can I hire a car here? 4. I would like to hire two cars 5. I would like to hire a car 6. I would like to hire a car for three days, please 7. The car is perfect 8. My car is terrible 9. How much is it for two weeks? 10. How much is it for three days?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant here is fantastic

2.

The pizza is always terrible here

3.

I think it’s very good here

4.

Everybody is nice here

5.

That isn’t very good

6.

Everything is perfect

7.

Good evening

8.

Good day

9.

I would like to make a reservation

10. How much is my bill?

1.

El restaurante aquí es fantástico

2.

La pizza es siempre terrible aquí

3.

Para mí, es muy bueno aquí

4.

Todo el mundo es simpático aquí

5.

Eso no es muy bueno

6.

Todo es perfecto

7.

Buenas tardes

8.

Buenos días

9.

Quiero hacer una reserva

10. ¿Cuánto es mi cuenta?

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Hola, quiero una mesa para tres personas, por favor 2. El hotel es muy bueno 3. No es bueno aquí 4. Todo el mundo es muy simpático 5. La pizza es perfecta 6. Quiero una botella de agua, por favor 7. Quiero mi cuenta, por favor 8. El pollo es siempre fantástico aquí 9. Es para ella 10. El restaurante es muy bueno

1. Hello, I’d like a table for three people, please 2. The hotel is very good 3. It isn’t good here 4. Everybody here is very nice 5. The pizza is perfect 6. I would like a bottle of water, please 7. I would like my bill, please 8. The chicken is always fantastic here 9. It’s for her 10. The restaurant is very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. that 2. everybody 3. a banana 4. good evening 5. one week 6. the food 7. my 8. it is 9. my (plural) 10. for him 11. can I? / may I? 12. is 13. isn’t 14. that is… 15. also 16. (to) make 17. for me 18. beautiful 19. thank you 20. nice 21. two months 22. hello 23. yes 24. delicious 25. a reservation 26. a 27. the wine 28. fantastic 29. excuse me 30. perfect 31. everything

32. no 33. terrible 34. the bill 35. here 36. a tea 37. the pizza 38. I would like 39. very 40. and 41. a table 42. the restaurant 43. a bottle of water 44. two people 45. for one month 46. (to) pay (for) 47. for her 48. one month 49. (to) try 50. a bottle of wine 51. extraordinary 52. goodbye 53. the hotel 54. (to) hire / (to) rent 55. see you soon 56. two weeks 57. goodnight 58. the (plural) 59. how much is it? 60. I think 61. good 62. absolutely 63. a car 64. please 65. for one day 66. always 67. the water

68. aren't 69. for one week 70. are 71. a carrot 72. but 73. it isn’t 74. a coffee 75. two days 76. one day 77. the chicken

1. eso 2. todo el mundo 3. un plátano 4. buenas tardes 5. una semana 6. la comida 7. mi 8. es 9. mis 10. para él 11. puedo 12. es 13. no es 14. eso es… 15. también 16. hacer 17. para mí 18. precioso 19. gracias 20. simpático 21. dos meses 22. hola 23. sí 24. delicioso 25. una reserva 26. un / una 27. el vino 28. fantástico 29. perdón 30. perfecto 31. todo 32. no 33. terrible 34. la cuenta 35. aquí 36. un té

37. la pizza 38. quiero 39. muy 40. y 41. una mesa 42. el restaurante 43. una botella de agua 44. dos personas 45. por un mes 46. pagar 47. para ella 48. un mes 49. probar 50. una botella de vino 51. extraordinario 52. adiós 53. el hotel 54. alquilar 55. hasta luego 56. dos semanas 57. buenas noches 58. los / las 59. ¿cuánto es? 60. para mí 61. bueno 62. absolutamente 63. un coche 64. por favor 65. por un día 66. siempre 67. el agua 68. no son 69. por una semana 70. son 71. una zanahoria 72. pero 73. no es

74. un café 75. dos días 76. un día 77. el pollo

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons ten to twelve of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirteen to fifteen, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 13 – 15 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 10-12”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 13 LESSON 14 LESSON 15 Gracias

LESSON 13 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? two weeks one day (to) hire / (to) rent two days a car two months one week one month If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This word is the same as the English but it’s just pronounced a little differently:

euros It means “euros” You pronounce it “ay-or-ross”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s ten euros.

It’s ten euros. Es diez euros.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bill is fifty euros.

The bill is fifty euros. La cuenta es cincuenta euros.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s one euro.

It’s one euro. Es un euro.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The wine is ten euros.

The wine is ten euros. El vino es diez euros.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s five euros for one day.

It’s five euros for one day. Es cinco euros por un día.

This word goes nicely with “euros”:

céntimos It means “cents” You pronounce it “sen-tee-moss”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s fifty cents.

It’s fifty cents. Es cincuenta céntimos.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The bottle of water is sixty cents.

The bottle of water is sixty cents. La botella de agua es sesenta céntimos.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water.

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water. Es cincuenta céntimos por una botella de agua.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

por It means “per” You pronounce it “poor”

por You can use “por” to mean “for” or “per” with any of the time phrases we’ve learnt so far:

por día per day

por un día for one day

por dos días for two days

por semana per week

por una semana for one week

por dos semanas for two weeks

por mes per month

por un mes for one month

por dos meses for two months

por persona per person How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it per day?

How much is it cost per day? ¿Cuánto es por día?

WORD LIST SO FAR euros – euros céntimos – cents por – per

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. Es diez euros por semana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s fifty euros per person.

It’s fifty euros per person. Es cincuenta euros por persona.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is the car per week?

How much is the car per week? ¿Cuánto es el coche por semana?

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

un año It means “one year” or “a year” You pronounce it “oon anyo”

N with a squiggle Ññ In Spanish, you ou'll sometimes see a little squiggle over the top of the letter N. This is called a "tilde" and it changes the way the N is pronounced. When you see an N with a tilde, imagine there is an invisible letter Y after it, because this is how it is pronounced. año = "anyo" (year) España = "Espanya" (Spain) español = "espanyol" (Spanish) The letter ñ is an extra letter in the Spanish alphabet called "eñe" (pronounced "enyay"), which means that the Spanish alphabet (el alfabeto) has 27 letters rather than 26.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s ten euros per year.

It’s ten euros per year. Es diez euros por año.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it per year?

How much is it per year? ¿Cuánto es por año?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for two years?

How much is it for two years? ¿Cuánto es por dos años?

Spanish money The way the Spanish talk about how much something is, is very similar to how we do it in English. Usually, in English, we only say the word euro, for example: “it’s two euros fifty” and we don’t bother saying “cents”. Well, this is the same in Spanish: es dos euros cincuenta On the other hand, you would use the word for “cents” (céntimos) if there were no euros involved, for example, “it’s twenty cents” - “es veinte céntimos” However, this isn't set in stone and it just depends on who is speaking. One person might choose to say “three euros twenty”, another might say “three euros twenty cents” or another might just say “three twenty”. It’s exactly the same in Spanish. Additionally, the way that money is written varies from place to place. These are the following ways that I've seen money written on price labels:

€3,50 3,50€ 3€50 One thing that is the same wherever you go, is that the Spanish use a comma instead of a decimal point and a decimal point instead of a comma! So, that's why there is a comma in the prices above. And, “three thousand euros” would be written as €3.000 with a decimal point!

Anyway, how would you say this in Spanish?

It’s three euros fifty.

It’s three euros fifty. Es tres euros cincuenta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. Es diez euros por semana.

WORD LIST SO FAR euros – euros céntimos – cents por – per por día – per day por semana – per week por mes – per month por persona – per person un año – one year dos años – two years por año – per year

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s sixty euros

2.

It’s eighty one euros

3.

It’s fifty cents

4.

It’s twenty euros for two days

5.

It’s fifty-three euros

6.

It’s eighty-three euros

7.

It’s ten euros per bottle

8.

It’s fifty-two euros

9.

It’s eighty euros

10. It’s thirty euros per month

1.

Es sesenta euros

2.

Es ochenta y un euros

3.

Es cincuenta céntimos

4.

Es veinte euros por dos días

5.

Es cincuenta y tres euros

6.

Es ochenta y tres euros

7.

Es diez euros por botella

8.

Es cincuenta y dos euros

9.

Es ochenta euros

10. Es treinta euros por mes

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Es veintiún euros 2. Es cincuenta y un euros 3. Es cincuenta euros 4. Es setenta céntimos 5. Es cincuenta y tres euros 6. Es treinta euros por mes 7. Es veintidós euros 8. Es ochenta y dos euros 9. Es ochenta y un euros 10. Es sesenta euros

1. It’s twenty-one euros 2. It’s fifty-one euros 3. It’s fifty euros 4. It’s seventy cents 5. It’s fifty-three euros 6. It’s thirty euros per month 7. It’s twenty-two euros 8. It’s eighty-two euros 9. It’s eighty one euros 10. It’s sixty euros

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The food here is very good

2.

The bananas are very good

3.

The chicken and the pizza are delicious

4.

The pizza is delicious

5.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

6.

That is perfect

7.

May I try the wine?

8.

I think everybody is very nice

9.

Also, I would like a coffee, please

10. Yes, it’s for me

1.

La comida aquí es muy buena

2.

Los plátanos son muy buenos

3.

El pollo y la pizza son deliciosos

4.

La pizza es deliciosa

5.

Para mí, el restaurante es fantástico

6.

Eso es perfecto

7.

¿Puedo probar el vino?

8.

Para mí, todo el mundo es muy simpático

9.

También, quiero un café, por favor

10. Sí, es para mí

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Quiero una botella de agua, por favor 2. El hotel es terrible 3. Sí, es para mí 4. ¿Puedo alquilar un coche por dos semanas, por favor? 5. Quiero alquilar un coche por dos semanas. ¿Cuánto es? 6. Una botella de vino para ella y la cuenta para mí 7. Sí, eso es muy bueno pero no es perfecto 8. No es muy bueno 9. ¿Cuánto es el pollo? 10. La pizza es perfecta y, también, mi café es delicioso

1. I would like a bottle of water, please 2. The hotel is terrible 3. Yes, it’s for me 4. Can I hire a car for two weeks, please? 5. I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much is it? 6. A bottle of wine for her and the bill for me 7. Yes, that is very good but it isn’t perfect 8. It isn’t very good 9. How much is the chicken? 10. The pizza is perfect and, also, my coffee is delicious

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. two people 2. two days 3. goodnight 4. a table 5. it is 6. for her 7. for one month 8. (to) pay (for) 9. isn’t 10. one day 11. a bottle of wine 12. but 13. a banana 14. per person 15. it isn’t 16. one year 17. always 18. for him 19. perfect 20. the hotel 21. (to) make 22. the water 23. two months 24. absolutely 25. the bill 26. extraordinary 27. goodbye 28. hello 29. everybody 30. also 31. per year

32. the (plural) 33. very 34. I think 35. the restaurant 36. per week 37. for me 38. for one week 39. yes 40. one week 41. the chicken 42. thank you 43. and 44. that 45. two years 46. euros 47. are 48. a car 49. good evening 50. fantastic 51. (to) try 52. is 53. the pizza 54. delicious 55. my 56. two weeks 57. my (plural) 58. beautiful 59. good 60. (to) hire / (to) rent 61. please 62. the wine 63. nice 64. everything 65. no 66. I would like 67. can I? / may I?

68. how much is it? 69. that is… 70. aren't 71. per day 72. here 73. a tea 74. a coffee 75. per 76. a reservation 77. the food 78. cents 79. terrible 80. a 81. one month 82. per month 83. excuse me 84. a bottle of water 85. a carrot 86. for one day 87. see you soon

1. dos personas 2. dos días 3. buenas noches 4. una mesa 5. es 6. para ella 7. por un mes 8. pagar 9. no es 10. un día 11. una botella de vino 12. pero 13. un plátano 14. por persona 15. no es 16. un año 17. siempre 18. para él 19. perfecto 20. el hotel 21. hacer 22. el agua 23. dos meses 24. absolutamente 25. la cuenta 26. extraordinario 27. adiós 28. hola 29. todo el mundo 30. también 31. por año 32. los / las 33. muy 34. para mí 35. el restaurante

36. por semana 37. para mí 38. por una semana 39. sí 40. una semana 41. el pollo 42. gracias 43. y 44. eso 45. dos años 46. euros 47. son 48. un coche 49. buenas tardes 50. fantástico 51. probar 52. es 53. la pizza 54. delicioso 55. mi 56. dos semanas 57. mis 58. precioso 59. bueno 60. alquilar 61. por favor 62. el vino 63. simpático 64. todo 65. no 66. quiero 67. puedo 68. ¿cuánto es? 69. eso es… 70. no son 71. por día

72. aquí 73. un té 74. un café 75. por 76. una reserva 77. la comida 78. céntimos 79. terrible 80. un / una 81. un mes 82. por mes 83. perdón 84. una botella de agua 85. una zanahoria 86. por un día 87. hasta luego

LESSON 14 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? euros cents per per day per week per month per person a year two years per year If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful question phrase:

a qué hora It means “(at) what time” We don’t always say “at” in English in the phrase “at what time”; sometimes we just say “what time”. However, in Spanish, you always have to say “a qué hora” You pronounce it “ah kay or-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

At what time is the reservation?

At what time is the reservation? ¿A qué hora es la reserva?

Here’s the most important meal of the day:

el desayuno It means “the breakfast” You pronounce it “el dess-ah-yoo-noh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The breakfast here is fantastic.

The breakfast here is fantastic. El desayuno aquí es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? ¿A qué hora es el desayuno? Did you get this translation correct ? Or did you miss out the word “el”? In English, the sentence is “At what time is breakfast?” but, in Spanish, you must always say “the breakfast”. This means, you should really say “At what time is the breakfast?”. That’s why it’s “el desayuno” and not just “desayuno”.

How would you say this in Spanish?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? ¿A qué hora es el desayuno?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think the breakfast is perfect.

I think the breakfast is perfect. Para mí, el desayuno es perfecto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious.

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious. El desayuno aquí es siempre absolutamente delicioso.

WORD LIST SO FAR a qué hora – (at) what time el desayuno – the breakfast

How would you say this in Spanish?

The breakfast is very good here.

The breakfast is very good here. El desayuno es muy bueno aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like breakfast here.

I would like breakfast here. Quiero el desayuno aquí.

The next meal is:

el almuerzo It means “the lunch” You pronounce it “el al-mwer-soh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time is lunch?

What time is lunch? ¿A qué hora es el almuerzo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay for lunch?

Can I pay for lunch? ¿Puedo pagar el almuerzo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

The lunch is terrible here.

The lunch is terrible here. El almuerzo es terrible aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I make a reservation for lunch?

Can I make a reservation for lunch? ¿Puedo hacer una reserva para el almuerzo?

The final meal of the day, and often the biggest, is:

la cena It means “the dinner” You pronounce it “lah seh-nah”

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

What time is dinner?

WORD LIST SO FAR a qué hora – (at) what time el desayuno – the breakfast el almuerzo – the lunch la cena – the dinner

What time is dinner? ¿A qué hora es la cena?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay for dinner?

Can I pay for dinner? ¿Puedo pagar la cena?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Dinner is delicious.

Dinner is delicious. La cena es deliciosa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The dinner here is always fantastic.

The dinner here is always fantastic. La cena aquí es siempre fantástica.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is the dinner here?

How much is the dinner here? ¿Cuánto es la cena aquí?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think the dinner is terrible.

I think the dinner is terrible. Para mí, la cena es terrible.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The breakfast isn’t bad but the dinner is delicious

2.

My lunch is absolutely perfect

3.

The dinner here is terrible

4.

My breakfast is very good

5.

For breakfast, I’d like an orange juice

6.

For lunch, I’d like a pizza

7.

What time is dinner?

8.

The dinner is perfect

9.

My breakfast is fantastic

10. The dinner is always delicious here

1.

El desayuno no es malo pero la cena es deliciosa

2.

Mi almuerzo es absolutamente perfecto

3.

La cena aquí es terrible

4.

Mi desayuno es muy bueno

5.

Para el desayuno, quiero un zumo de naranja

6.

Para el almuerzo, quiero una pizza

7.

¿A qué hora es la cena?

8.

La cena es perfecta

9.

Mi desayuno es fantástico

10. La cena es siempre deliciosa aquí

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. El desayuno no es malo pero el almuerzo es delicioso 2. Mi almuerzo es delicioso 3. Mi cena es deliciosa 4. Para el desayuno, quiero una manzana 5. Mi desayuno es terrible 6. La cena aquí es deliciosa 7. El desayuno aquí es absolutamente fantástico 8. ¿Cuánto es el almuerzo? 9. Mi almuerzo es absolutamente perfecto 10. Mi almuerzo no es bueno

1. The breakfast isn’t bad but the lunch is delicious 2. My lunch is delicious 3. My dinner is delicious 4. For breakfast, I would like an apple 5. My breakfast is terrible 6. The dinner here is delicious 7. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 8. How much is lunch? 9. My lunch is absolutely perfect 10. My lunch is not good

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a table for four, please

2.

How much is it for six days?

3.

It’s thirty euros per month

4.

It’s eighty euros

5.

How much is it for four days?

6.

I think it’s fantastic

7.

It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary

8.

Everything is good here

9.

How much is it for two days?

10. Excuse me, the bill, please

1.

Quiero una mesa para cuatro, por favor

2.

¿Cuánto es por seis días?

3.

Es treinta euros por mes

4.

Es ochenta euros

5.

¿Cuánto es por cuatro días?

6.

Para mí, es fantástico

7.

No es bueno; es absolutamente extraordinario

8.

Todo es bueno aquí

9.

¿Cuánto es por dos días?

10. Perdón, la cuenta, por favor

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. No es para ella; es para mí 2. Quiero una mesa para tres personas, por favor 3. Sí, es para mí, gracias 4. No es fantástico pero es muy bueno 5. Un café para mí 6. Mi pizza es perfecta 7. Quiero probar el vino, por favor 8. Es ochocientos euros 9. Eso es mi pizza 10. ¿Puedo probar el pollo, por favor?

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 2. I’d like a table for three people, please 3. Yes, it’s for me, thank you 4. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 5. A coffee for me 6. My pizza is perfect 7. I’d like to try the wine, please 8. It’s eight hundred euros 9. That’s my pizza 10. Can I try the chicken, please?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. (to) try 2. the restaurant 3. thank you 4. are 5. the (plural) 6. a reservation 7. one week 8. for her 9. absolutely 10. is 11. everything 12. good 13. it is 14. the wine 15. everybody 16. no 17. that is… 18. goodnight 19. perfect 20. per year 21. excuse me 22. two people 23. beautiful 24. (at) what time? 25. (to) make 26. two days 27. very 28. one month 29. terrible 30. hello 31. per month

32. isn’t 33. a 34. a carrot 35. I would like 36. for one day 37. extraordinary 38. also 39. nice 40. the lunch 41. two weeks 42. that 43. please 44. the breakfast 45. fantastic 46. for him 47. a banana 48. the food 49. per 50. a car 51. one year 52. I think 53. my (plural) 54. can I? / may I? 55. a bottle of water 56. the dinner 57. a bottle of wine 58. the hotel 59. a table 60. two months 61. cents 62. but 63. (to) pay (for) 64. a tea 65. the water 66. it isn’t 67. per week

68. for one month 69. goodbye 70. two years 71. for me 72. here 73. one day 74. how much is it? 75. always 76. good evening 77. (to) hire / (to) rent 78. a coffee 79. euros 80. per day 81. aren't 82. and 83. per person 84. the pizza 85. see you soon 86. the bill 87. yes 88. delicious 89. for one week 90. my 91. the chicken

1. probar 2. el restaurante 3. gracias 4. son 5. los / las 6. una reserva 7. una semana 8. para ella 9. absolutamente 10. es 11. todo 12. bueno 13. es 14. el vino 15. todo el mundo 16. no 17. eso es… 18. buenas noches 19. perfecto 20. por año 21. perdón 22. dos personas 23. precioso 24. ¿a qué hora? 25. hacer 26. dos días 27. muy 28. un mes 29. terrible 30. hola 31. por mes 32. no es 33. un / una 34. una zanahoria 35. quiero

36. por un día 37. extraordinario 38. también 39. simpático 40. el almuerzo 41. dos semanas 42. eso 43. por favor 44. el desayuno 45. fantástico 46. para él 47. un plátano 48. la comida 49. por 50. un coche 51. un año 52. para mí 53. mis 54. puedo 55. una botella de agua 56. la cena 57. una botella de vino 58. el hotel 59. una mesa 60. dos meses 61. céntimos 62. pero 63. pagar 64. un té 65. el agua 66. no es 67. por semana 68. por un mes 69. adiós 70. dos años 71. para mí

72. aquí 73. un día 74. ¿cuánto es? 75. siempre 76. buenas tardes 77. alquilar 78. un café 79. euros 80. por día 81. no son 82. y 83. por persona 84. la pizza 85. hasta luego 86. la cuenta 87. sí 88. delicioso 89. por una semana 90. mi 91. el pollo

LESSON 15 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? (at) what time the breakfast the lunch the dinner If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This lesson is going to be all about telling the time. Here’s your first time related phrase:

a las… It means “at … o’clock” You pronounce it “ah las…” You can put any number after the “a las…”

How would you say this in Spanish?

At three o’clock.

At three o’clock. A las tres.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is at five o’clock.

It is at five o’clock. Es a las cinco.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. La cena es a las ocho.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Breakfast is at seven o’clock.

Breakfast is at seven o’clock. El desayuno es a las siete.

7am vs. 7pm There are no words for a.m. or p.m. in Spanish, but they do have a way of differentiating between the two. You can use these two phrases:

de la mañana (in the morning)

de la tarde (in the evening) You can put these two phrases after you say the time to mean am and pm, for example:

es a las ocho de la mañana it’s at 8am

es a las ocho de la tarde it’s at 8pm

How would you say this in Spanish using one of the phrases?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. La cena es a las ocho de la tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Breakfast is at 7am.

Breakfast is at 7am. El desayuno es a las siete de la mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Dinner is at 5pm.

Dinner is at 5pm. La cena es a las cinco de la tarde.

This phrase ise similar to the last phrase we learnt but with a little extra bit:

a las … y media It means “at half past …” and you can put any number on the dots You pronounce it “ah las … eee may-dee-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Lunch is at half past two.

Lunch is at half past two. El almuerzo es a las dos y media.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s at half past five.

It’s at half past five. Es a las cinco y media.

WORD LIST SO FAR a las… – at…o’clock a las…y media – at half past… de la mañana – am (in the morning) de la tarde – pm (in the evening)

How would you say this in Spanish?

The reservation is at half past three.

The reservation is at half past three. La reserva es a las tres y media.

How would you say this?

It’s at 2:30pm.

It’s at 2:30pm. Es a las dos y media de la tarde.

Let’s add another time phrase:

a las … y cuarto It means “at quarter past…” and, again, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “ah las…eee kwahr-toh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Lunch is at quarter past two.

Lunch is at quarter past two. El almuerzo es a las dos y cuarto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s at quarter past four.

It’s at quarter past four. Es a las cuatro y cuarto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven.

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven. Quiero hacer una reserva a las siete y cuarto.

How would you say this?

It’s at 5:15pm.

It’s at 5:15pm. Es a las cinco y cuarto de la tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My reservation is at 6:15pm.

My reservation is at 6:15pm. Mi reserva es a las seis y cuarto de la tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Breakfast is at quarter past eight in the morning.

Breakfast is at quarter past eight in the morning. El desayuno es las ocho y cuarto de la mañana.

Let’s add another time phrase:

a las … menos cuarto It means “at quarter to…” and, as always, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “ah las … may-nos kwahr-toh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

My reservation is at quarter to eight.

My reservation is at quarter to eight. Mi reserva es a las ocho menos cuarto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Lunch is at quarter to two.

Lunch is at quarter to two. El almuerzo es a las dos menos cuarto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s at quarter to seven.

It’s at quarter to seven. Es a las siete menos cuarto.

How would you say this using the phrase for pm?

Dinner is at quarter to seven.

Dinner is at quarter to seven. La cena es a las siete menos cuarto de la tarde.

When you want to ask somebody what the time is right now, you can use this useful question:

¿Qué hora es? It means “What time is it?” You pronounce it “kay or-ah ess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, what time is it?

Excuse me, what time is it? Perdón, ¿qué hora es?

What time is it right now? All of the time phrases I’ve given you above mean “at” a specific time. They all start with “a las”. However, if you want to say what time it is right now, there’s a slightly different way of saying “it is”. Here’s the phrase: son las … It means: it is … o’clock When you’re telling somebody what time it is right now, you must say “son las” for “it is” and you don’t say the little “a las” that we’ve seen in all the time phrases we’ve looked at in this lesson. Look at the examples below:

son las siete it is seven o’clock

son las siete y cuarto it is quarter past seven

son las siete menos cuarto it is quarter to seven

son las siete y media it is half past seven

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is four o’clock.

It is four o’clock. Son las cuatro.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is half past nine.

It is half past nine. Son las nueve y media.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It is 2pm.

It is 2pm. Son las dos de la tarde.

Other times In this lesson, we’ve learnt how to say o’clock, half past, quarter past, and quarter to. But, what about the other times, like five past or twenty past? Well, in Spanish, you always start by saying “las …” (whether it be “a las” or “son las”) and then you add anything else onto the end. For anything past the hour, you just add it on with “y”, which means “and”. So, “five past seven” would be “las siete y cinco”. For anything to the hour, you use the word “menos”, which means “less” or “minus”. So, “five to seven” would be “las siete menos cinco” (literally meaning “seven hours minus five”). If you turn the page, I’ve listed most of the common times. You can change the seven or eight to any number you like.

07:00 – las siete 07:05 – las siete y cinco 07:10 – las siete y diez 07:15 – las siete y cuarto 07:20 – las siete y veinte 07:25 – las siete y veinticinco 07:30 – las siete y media 07:35 – las ocho menos veinticinco 07:40 – las ocho menos veinte 07:45 – las ocho menos cuarto 07:50 – las ocho menos diez 07:55 – las ocho menos cinco 08:00 – las ocho

1 O’Clock There’s one more thing to add when telling the time in Spanish. The words “a las”, or “las”, or “son las” change when you’re talking about any time involving 1 O’Clock. Look at the examples below:

es la una it’s one o’clock

es la una y cuarto it’s quarter past one

es la una y media it’s half past one

es la una menos cuarto it’s quarter to one

a la una at one o’clock

a la una y media at half past one

a la una y cuarto at quarter past one Just remember, whenever you want to say that something is “at” a specific time, you must say “a las” in front of the time. If you just want to say what time it is now, you don’t need to bother with the “a las” but you would use “son las” for “it is”.

WORD LIST SO FAR a las … – at…o’clock a las … y media – at half past… de la mañana – am (in the morning) de la tarde – pm (in the evening) a las … y cuarto – at quarter past… a las … menos cuarto – at quarter to… ¿qué hora es? – what time is it ? son las…– it is…o’clock (right now) a la una – at one o’clock es la una – it is one o’clock

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At half past two

2.

It’s at quarter past nine

3.

It’s at quarter to eight

4.

It’s half past four

5.

It’s quarter to three

6.

It’s at half past four

7.

It’s at quarter to six

8.

It’s half past five

9.

Dinner is at eight o’clock

10. It’s two o’clock

1.

A las dos y media

2.

Es a las nueve y cuarto

3.

Es a las ocho menos cuarto

4.

Son las cuatro y media

5.

Son las tres menos cuarto

6.

Es a las cuatro y media

7.

Es a las seis menos cuarto

8.

Son las cinco y media

9.

La cena es a las ocho

10. Son las dos

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Es a las seis y cuarto 2. Son las dos y cuarto 3. El almuerzo es a las tres 4. Es a las siete menos cuarto 5. Es a las nueve 6. Es a las nueve y media 7. Son las doce 8. Es a las dos 9. Es a las doce 10. Son las diez menos diez

1. It’s at quarter past six 2. It’s quarter past two 3. Lunch is at three o’clock 4. It’s at quarter to seven 5. It’s at nine o’clock 6. It’s at half past nine 7. It is twelve o’clock 8. It’s at two o’clock 9. It’s at twelve o’clock 10. It’s ten to ten

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please

2.

Can I hire a car for two weeks, please?

3.

It isn’t good

4.

The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary

5.

The restaurant is very good

6.

I think my lunch is fantastic

7.

My breakfast is delicious

8.

I would like a reservation for three people, please

9.

My hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary

10. The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here

1.

Quiero un té para mí y un café para ella, por favor

2.

¿Puedo alquilar un coche por dos semanas, por favor?

3.

No es bueno

4.

El pollo es muy bueno pero la pizza es extraordinario

5.

El restaurante es muy bueno

6.

Para mí, el almuerzo es fantástico

7.

Mi desayuno es delicioso

8.

Quiero una reserva para tres personas, por favor

9.

Mi hotel es terrible pero el restaurante es extraordinario

10. El desayuno es absolutamente fantástico aquí

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Quiero una botella de vino. ¿Cuánto es? 2. Eso no es mi pizza 3. El vino es cuatro euros 4. Quiero una mesa para dos, por favor 5. Mi pollo es perfecto 6. Mi pizza es perfecta 7. Quiero tres cafés y dos tés, por favor. ¿Cuánto es? 8. Es absolutamente extraordinario aquí 9. No, gracias 10. Es diez euros por botella

1. I would like a bottle of wine. How much is it? 2. That isn’t my pizza 3. The wine is four euros 4. I would like a table for two, please 5. My chicken is perfect 6. The pizza is perfect 7. I would like three coffees and two teas, please. How much is it? 8. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 9. No, thank you 10. It’s ten euros per bottle

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. can I? / may I? 2. that 3. a.m. 4. the wine 5. what time is it? 6. and 7. per day 8. everybody 9. (to) pay (for) 10. beautiful 11. perfect 12. a coffee 13. good 14. the lunch 15. no 16. goodbye 17. the hotel 18. hello 19. a tea 20. extraordinary 21. isn’t 22. one week 23. yes 24. everything 25. here 26. two months 27. that is… 28. goodnight 29. I would like 30. per 31. the (plural)

32. the pizza 33. it is 34. at half past… 35. a bottle of water 36. per month 37. nice 38. at one o'clock 39. excuse me 40. how much is it? 41. per person 42. p.m. 43. the breakfast 44. it is one o'clock 45. a bottle of wine 46. one year 47. it is…o'clock 48. aren't 49. a 50. (to) hire / (to) rent 51. a reservation 52. the bill 53. thank you 54. (at) what time? 55. two days 56. per year 57. the food 58. very 59. at…o'clock 60. absolutely 61. my (plural) 62. for one month 63. two people 64. one day 65. delicious 66. fantastic 67. at quarter to…

68. for me 69. a table 70. is 71. at quarter past… 72. are 73. cents 74. a car 75. please 76. it isn’t 77. the restaurant 78. two weeks 79. see you soon 80. one month 81. euros 82. for one day 83. two years 84. for her 85. terrible 86. the chicken 87. a carrot 88. (to) try 89. but 90. (to) make 91. the water 92. also 93. good evening 94. for one week 95. my 96. I think 97. a banana 98. per week 99. for him 100. the dinner 101. always

1. puedo 2. eso 3. de la mañana 4. el vino 5. ¿qué hora es? 6. y 7. por día 8. todo el mundo 9. pagar 10. precioso 11. perfecto 12. un café 13. bueno 14. el almuerzo 15. no 16. adiós 17. el hotel 18. hola 19. un té 20. extraordinario 21. no es 22. una semana 23. sí 24. todo 25. aquí 26. dos meses 27. eso es… 28. buenas noches 29. quiero 30. por 31. los / las 32. la pizza 33. es 34. a las…y media 35. una botella de agua

36. por mes 37. simpático 38. a la una 39. perdón 40. ¿cuánto es? 41. por persona 42. de la tarde 43. el desayuno 44. es la una 45. una botella de vino 46. un año 47. son las… 48. no son 49. un / una 50. alquilar 51. una reserva 52. la cuenta 53. gracias 54. ¿a qué hora? 55. dos días 56. por año 57. la comida 58. muy 59. a las… 60. absolutamente 61. mis 62. por un mes 63. dos personas 64. un día 65. delicioso 66. fantástico 67. a las…menos cuarto 68. para mí 69. una mesa 70. es 71. a las…y cuarto

72. son 73. céntimos 74. un coche 75. por favor 76. no es 77. el restaurante 78. dos semanas 79. hasta luego 80. un mes 81. euros 82. por un día 83. dos años 84. para ella 85. terrible 86. el pollo 87. una zanahoria 88. probar 89. pero 90. hacer 91. el agua 92. también 93. buenas tardes 94. por una semana 95. mi 96. para mí 97. un plátano 98. por semana 99. para él 100. la cena 101. siempre

0.

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirteen to fifteen of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixteen to eighteen, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 16 – 18 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 13-15”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 16 LESSON 17 Lugares para visitar - places to visit LESSON 18 En el hotel - at the hotel Gracias

LESSON 16 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? what time is it? it is…o’clock (at)…o’clock (at) half past… (at) quarter past… (at) quarter to… it is one o’clock at one o’clock If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

un taxi It means “a taxi” You pronounce it “oon tahk-see”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a taxi, please.

I would like a taxi, please. Quiero un taxi, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a taxi at three o’clock.

I would like a taxi at three o’clock. Quiero un taxi a las tres.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a taxi for two people.

I would like a taxi for two people. Quiero un taxi para dos personas.

If you book a taxi, you’ll probably need to give them this:

la dirección It means “the address” You pronounce it “lah dee-rek-see-on”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The address is “2 Calle de Madrid”.

The address is “2 Calle de Madrid”. La dirección es “dos Calle de Madrid”.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The address is “15 Plaza Mayor”.

The address is “15 Plaza Mayor”. La dirección es “quince Plaza Mayor".

Here’s a useful question phrase:

¿cuál es…? It means “what is…?” You pronounce it “kwal ess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

What is the address?

What is the address? ¿Cuál es la dirección?

Here’s a little word we’ve come across before:

de It means “of” You pronounce it “day”

Saxon Genitive “Saxon genitive” is just the fancy way of saying “apostrophe s”. In Spanish, the “apostrophe s” doesn’t exist so, instead, they use the word “de”, which means “of”. For example, if you wanted to say “the hotel's address”, in Spanish, you would say “the address of the hotel”

la dirección del hotel the hotel’s address Similarly, if you wanted to say “Pedro’s address”, you would say “the address of Pedro”

la dirección de Pedro Pedro’s address There is one thing to remember with the word “de” in Spanish. If it is placed next to the word “el” (not “la”), they join forces and become “del”.

de + el = del (of the) So, if you want to say “the restaurant’s address” (or, “the address of the restaurant”) you would say “la dirección del restaurante”.

See if you can figure out how to say this in Spanish?

What is the restaurant’s address?

What is the restaurant’s address? ¿Cuál es la dirección del restaurante?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What is María’s address?

What is María’s address? ¿Cuál es la dirección de María?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Pablo’s chicken is delicious. Literally, you’d have to day “The chicken of Pablo is delicious”

Pablo’s chicken is delicious. El pollo de Pablo es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The hotel’s address.

The hotel’s address. La dirección del hotel.

WORD LIST SO FAR un taxi – a taxi la dirección – the address ¿cuál es… ? – what is…? de – of la dirección de Pablo – Pablo’s address la dirección del hotel – the hotel’s address la dirección del restaurante – the restaurant’s address

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a taxi at quarter to one

2.

What is the soup?

3.

What is the hotel’s address?

4.

I would like a taxi, please

5.

I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

6.

What is the address?

7.

I would like a taxi for eight people at five o’clock and the address is 18 Calle de Madrid

8.

I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four

9.

I would like a taxi at half past one

10. I would like a taxi at quarter to two

1.

Quiero un taxi a la una menos cuarto

2.

¿Cuál es la sopa?

3.

¿Cuál es la dirección del hotel?

4.

Quiero un taxi, por favor

5.

Quiero un taxi a las cuatro, por favor

6.

¿Cuál es la dirección?

7.

Quiero un taxi para ocho personas a las cinco y la dirección es dieciocho Calle de Madrid

8.

Quiero un taxi para tres personas a las cuatro menos cuarto

9.

Quiero un taxi a la una y media

10. Quiero un taxi a las dos menos cuarto

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quiero un taxi a las dos y media 2. ¿Cuál es la dirección del hotel? 3. Mi dirección es tres Calle de Barcelona 4. Quiero un taxi para tres personas a las cuatro menos cuarto, por favor 5. Quiero un taxi a la una menos cuarto 6. La dirección del hotel es veinte Calle de Zaragoza 7. Quiero un taxi a la una 8. ¿Cuál es la dirección del restaurante? 9. La dirección del restaurante es Plaza Mayor 10. Quiero un taxi, por favor

1. I would like a taxi at half past two 2. What is the hotel’s address? 3. My address is 3 Calle de Barcelona 4. I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please 5. I would like a taxi at quarter to one 6. The hotel’s address is 20 Calle Zaragoza 7. I would like a taxi at one o’clock 8. What is the restaurant’s address? 9. The restaurant’s address is Plaza Mayor 10. I would like a taxi, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Goodbye

2.

It’s quarter to six

3.

That is for me

4.

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here?

5.

My car is terrible

6.

It’s ten euros

7.

The lunch is extraordinary

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s five hundred and fifty seven euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

Adiós

2.

Son las seis menos cuarto

3.

Eso es para mí

4.

Perdón, ¿cuánto es una botella de vino aquí?

5.

Mi coche es terrible

6.

Es diez euros

7.

El almuerzo es extraordinario

8.

Son las ocho y media

9.

Es quinientos cincuenta y siete euros

10. Para mí, todo el mundo es muy simpático

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. No es muy bueno aquí 2. El almuerzo es extraordinario 3. El almuerzo es perfecto 4. La pizza es muy buena 5. Quiero un té para mí y un café para ella, por favor 6. Es la una y media 7. Mi almuerzo es absolutamente perfecto 8. Es a las cinco y media 9. Es a las cinco y cuarto 10. Es a las siete y cuarto

1. It isn’t very good here 2. The lunch is extraordinary 3. The lunch is perfect 4. The pizza is very good 5. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 6. It’s half past one 7. My lunch is absolutely perfect 8. It’s at half past five 9. It’s at quarter past five 10. It’s at quarter past seven

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. can I? / may I? 2. that 3. a banana 4. for one day 5. please 6. the bill 7. of 8. my (plural) 9. for him 10. the breakfast 11. at…o'clock 12. a tea 13. per person 14. the address 15. goodbye 16. a car 17. and 18. p.m. 19. for me 20. at one o'clock 21. (to) pay (for) 22. for one month 23. good evening 24. per year 25. I think 26. for her 27. aren't 28. extraordinary 29. it is 30. a coffee 31. at quarter past…

32. terrible 33. no 34. two people 35. nice 36. per month 37. very 38. a taxi 39. are 40. at half past… 41. always 42. fantastic 43. Pablo's address 44. two months 45. beautiful 46. the chicken 47. but 48. the food 49. everybody 50. two years 51. cents 52. also 53. the dinner 54. that is… 55. absolutely 56. a table 57. per week 58. I would like 59. (at) what time? 60. thank you 61. a bottle of water 62. one year 63. the restaurant 64. the restaurant's address 65. the lunch 66. my 67. it isn’t

68. a bottle of wine 69. a reservation 70. everything 71. at quarter to… 72. one month 73. the hotel's address 74. what is…? 75. delicious 76. see you soon 77. (to) try 78. one week 79. two weeks 80. euros 81. a carrot 82. for one week 83. the wine 84. is 85. a 86. the (plural) 87. (to) make 88. good 89. yes 90. here 91. what time is it? 92. how much is it? 93. it is one o'clock 94. it is…o'clock 95. per day 96. the hotel 97. a.m. 98. excuse me 99. two days 100. the pizza 101. goodnight 102. perfect 103. per

104. isn’t 105. (to) hire / (to) rent 106. the water 107. one day 108. hello

1. ¿puedo? 2. eso 3. un plátano 4. por un día 5. por favor 6. la cuenta 7. de 8. mis 9. para él 10. el desayuno 11. a las … 12. un té 13. por persona 14. la dirección 15. adiós 16. un coche 17. y 18. de la tarde 19. para mí 20. a la una 21. pagar 22. por un mes 23. buenas tardes 24. por año 25. para mí 26. para ella 27. no son 28. extraordinario 29. es 30. un café 31. a las … y cuarto 32. terrible 33. no 34. dos personas 35. simpático

36. por mes 37. muy 38. un taxi 39. son 40. a las … y media 41. siempre 42. fantástico 43. la dirección de Pablo 44. dos meses 45. precioso 46. el pollo 47. pero 48. la comida 49. todo el mundo 50. dos años 51. céntimos 52. también 53. la cena 54. eso es… 55. absolutamente 56. una mesa 57. por semana 58. quiero 59. ¿a qué hora? 60. gracias 61. una botella de 62. un año 63. el restaurante 64. la dirección del restaurante 65. el almuerzo 66. mi 67. no es 68. una botella de vino 69. una reserva 70. todo 71. a las … menos cuarto

72. un mes 73. la dirección del hotel 74. ¿cuál es…? 75. delicioso 76. hasta luego 77. probar 78. una semana 79. dos semanas 80. euros 81. una zanahoria 82. por una semana 83. el vino 84. es 85. un / una 86. los / las 87. hacer 88. bueno 89. sí 90. aquí 91. ¿qué hora es? 92. ¿cuánto es? 93. es la una 94. son las … 95. por día 96. el hotel 97. de la mañana 98. perdón 99. dos días 100. la pizza 101. buenas noches 102. perfecto 103. por 104. no es 105. alquilar 106. el agua

107. un día 108. hola

LESSON 17 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? a taxi of what is…? the address Pablo’s address the restaurant’s address the hotel’s address If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s another useful verb:

ir It means “(to) go” You pronounce it “ear”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go?

Can I go? ¿Puedo ir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go, please.

I would like to go, please. Quiero ir, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? ¿A qué hora puedo ir?

The verb “ir” tends to go hand in hand with another little word:

ir a It means “(to) go to” You pronounce it “ear ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to Madrid.

I would like to go to Madrid. Quiero ir a Madrid.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to Barcelona.

I would like to go to Barcelona. Quiero ir a Barcelona.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go to Madrid?

Can I go to Madrid? ¿Puedo ir a Madrid?

Do you remember what “del” means? We saw it in the last lesson of this book when we did “la dirección del restaurante”. “Del” means “of the” and it is the contraction of “de” with “el”:

de + el = del Well, “de” can also mean “from”. This means that “del” can either mean “of the” or “from the”.

We now know that the word “de” can mean “of” or “from” in Spanish, so how would you say:

It’s from the restaurant.

It’s from the restaurant. Es del restaurante.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s from Pablo.

It’s from Pablo. Es de Pablo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is from Madrid.

That is from Madrid. Eso es de Madrid.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That isn’t from Madrid; it’s from Barcelona.

That isn’t from Madrid; it’s from Barcelona. Eso no es de Madrid; es de Barcelona.

More Spanish contractions When we learnt the verb “ir”, I said that it tends to go with the little word “a” to mean “(to) go to”. The word “a” can actually mean “to” or “at” in Spanish, and there is another contraction that happens with this word:

a + el = al (to the / at the)

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

At the restaurant.

At the restaurant. Al restaurante.

And, how would you say this in Spanish?

At the hotel.

At the hotel. Al hotel.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to the restaurant.

I would like to go to the restaurant. Quiero ir al restaurante.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go to the hotel?

Can I go to the hotel ¿Puedo ir al hotel?

Here’s somewhere you could go to:

la playa It means “the beach” You pronounce it “lah plah-yah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go to the beach?

Can I go to the beach? ¿Puedo ir a la playa?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock.

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock. Quiero ir a la playa a las diez.

WORD LIST SO FAR ir – (to) go ir a – (to) go to del – of the / from the al – at the / to the la playa – the beach

How would you say this in Spanish?

The beach here is beautiful.

The beach here is beautiful. La playa aquí es preciosa.

So many places to go… There are lots of different places you could visit when you’re on holiday. So, I’ve done a Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you with a list of “Places to go”. Go through these places at your leisure and pick out a few places you know you’ll go to when you’re in Spain and then build a few sentences with them to learn them.

Anyway, here’s another word:

mañana It means “tomorrow” You pronounce it “man-yah-nah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow? ¿Puedo ir al restaurante mañana?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go tomorrow.

I would like to go tomorrow. Quiero ir mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow.

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow. Quiero ir al restaurante mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time is the reservation tomorrow?

What time is the reservation tomorrow? ¿A qué hora es la reserva mañana?

How would you say this in Spanish?

The reservation is for tomorrow.

The reservation is for tomorrow. La reserva es para mañana.

Here’s another time phrase:

esta noche It means “tonight” or “this evening” You pronounce it “ay-stah noh-chay”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go this evening?

Can I go this evening? ¿Puedo ir esta noche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight.

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight. Quiero ir al restaurante esta noche.

Here is a very useful word in Spanish:

la casa It means “the house” You pronounce it “lah cah-sah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Pedro’s house.

Pedro’s house. La casa de Pedro.

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time can I go to María’s house?

What time can I go to María’s house? ¿A qué hora puedo ir a la casa de María?

WORD LIST SO FAR ir – (to) go ir a – (to) go to la playa – the beach mañana – tomorrow esta noche – this evening / tonight la casa – the house la casa de Pedro – Pedro’s house a – at / to al – at the / to the de – from / of del – from the / of the

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At Juan’s house

2.

What time can I go to the restaurant?

3.

Can I go to the theme park tomorrow?

4.

At Pedro’s house

5.

I would like to go to Pablo’s house

6.

I would like to go at half past four

7.

María’s house

8.

I’d like to go at quarter to three

9.

I’d like a taxi for three people at four o’clock and I’d like to go to the beach

10. I’d like to go to María’s house tonight

1.

A la casa de Juan

2.

¿A qué hora puedo ir al restaurante?

3.

¿Puedo ir al parque de atracciones mañana?

4.

A la casa de Pedro

5.

Quiero ir a la casa de Pablo

6.

Quiero ir a las cuatro y cuarto

7.

La casa de María

8.

Quiero ir a las tres menos cuarto

9.

Quiero un taxi para tres personas a las cuatro y quiero ir a la playa

10. Quiero ir a la casa de María esta noche

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quiero ir a la playa a las siete y media 2. Quiero ir a las cuatro y cuarto 3. A la casa de María 4. Quiero ir a las cuatro menos cuarto 5. Quiero ir a la casa de Marco mañana 6. Quiero ir al hotel esta noche 7. ¿Puedo ir a la casa de María? 8. ¿A qué hora puedo ir a la casa de Pablo? 9. Al supermercado 10. ¿A qué hora puedo ir al banco?

1. I would like to go to the beach at half past seven 2. I would like to go at quarter past four 3. At María’s house 4. I would like to go at quarter to four 5. I would like to go to Marco’s house tomorrow 6. I would like to go to the hotel tonight/this evening 7. Can I go to María’s house? 8. What time can I go to Pablo’s house? 9. At the supermarket 10. What time can I go to the bank?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

At half past seven

2.

It’s at quarter past four

3.

It’s good here

4.

It’s half past ten

5.

My breakfast is perfect

6.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

7.

The breakfast here is terrible

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s two hundred and ten euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

A las siete y media

2.

Es a las cuatro y cuarto

3.

Es bueno aquí

4.

Son las diez y media

5.

Mi desayuno es perfecto

6.

Quiero dos botellas de vino, por favor

7.

El desayuno aquí es terrible

8.

Son las ocho y media

9.

Es doscientos diez euros

10. Para mí, todo el mundo es muy simpático

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Mi pizza es deliciosa 2. No es bueno; es absolutamente extraordinario 3. El desayuno aquí es absolutamente fantástico 4. Es fantástico 5. No es para mí 6. Para mí, todo es perfecto 7. ¿Cuánto es por un mes? 8. Es a las seis 9. Mi almuerzo es fantástico 10. Quiero un taxi a las cuatro, por favor

1. My pizza is delicious 2. It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary 3. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 4. It’s fantastic 5. It isn’t for me 6. I think everything is perfect 7. How much is it for one month? 8. It’s at six o’clock 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. the lunch 2. extraordinary 3. one day 4. it isn’t 5. yes 6. my 7. per person 8. the food 9. beautiful 10. p.m. 11. the (plural) 12. a car 13. the water 14. for him 15. the bill 16. the wine 17. excuse me 18. Pablo's address 19. a 20. one week 21. a table 22. to go to 23. and 24. the restaurant's address 25. per week 26. are 27. for one week 28. one month 29. (to) hire / (to) rent 30. a.m. 31. how much is it?

32. aren't 33. for me 34. everybody 35. two days 36. a reservation 37. please 38. tomorrow 39. can I? / may I? 40. one year 41. cents 42. a tea 43. here 44. it is one o'clock 45. two years 46. delicious 47. everything 48. fantastic 49. per day 50. also 51. it is…o'clock 52. at half past… 53. for one month 54. (to) make 55. to go 56. per 57. the dinner 58. that 59. of 60. (to) try 61. at quarter past… 62. hello 63. thank you 64. two people 65. a carrot 66. absolutely 67. the hotel

68. euros 69. two months 70. is 71. goodnight 72. isn’t 73. for one day 74. the chicken 75. at / to 76. I think 77. a coffee 78. what is…? 79. for her 80. the breakfast 81. very 82. the restaurant 83. a bottle of wine 84. two weeks 85. no 86. but 87. that is… 88. tonight / this evening 89. at quarter to… 90. good 91. the house 92. what time is it? 93. always 94. a banana 95. at one o'clock 96. at…o'clock 97. the hotel's address 98. I would like 99. terrible 100. perfect 101. (at) what time? 102. per month 103. a taxi

104. per year 105. the beach 106. the address 107. a bottle of water 108. (to) pay (for) 109. see you soon 110. Pedro's house 111. from / of 112. the pizza 113. nice 114. goodbye 115. it is 116. my (plural) 117. good evening

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

el almuerzo extraordinario un día no es sí mi por persona la comida precioso de la tarde los / las un coche el agua para él la cuenta el vino perdón la dirección de Pablo un / una una semana una mesa ir a y la dirección del restaurante por semana son por una semana un mes alquilar de la mañana ¿cuánto es? no son para mí todo el mundo dos días

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

una reserva por favor mañana puedo un año céntimos un té aquí es la una dos años delicioso todo fantástico por día también son las… a las…y media por un mes hacer ir por la cena eso de probar a las…y cuarto hola gracias dos personas una zanahoria absolutamente el hotel euros dos meses es buenas noches no es

73. por un día 74. el pollo 75. a 76. para mí 77. un café 78. ¿cuál es…? 79. para ella 80. el desayuno 81. muy 82. el restaurante 83. una botella de vino 84. dos semanas 85. no 86. pero 87. eso es… 88. esta noche 89. a las…menos cuarto 90. bueno 91. la casa 92. ¿qué hora es? 93. siempre 94. un plátano 95. a la una 96. a las… 97. la dirección del hotel 98. quiero 99. terrible 100. perfecto 101. ¿a qué hora? 102. por mes 103. un taxi 104. por año 105. la playa 106. la dirección 107. una botella de agua 108. pagar 109. hasta luego

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117.

la casa de Pedro de la pizza simpático adiós es mis buenas tardes

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Lugares para visitar places to visit

atracciones turísticastourist attractions el zoológico the zoo el acuario the aquarium el jardín botánico the botanical garden el parque de atracciones the theme park el museo de arte the art gallery (museum) el polideportivo the sport stadium el parque acuático the water park el teatro de la ópera the opera house el teatro the theatre el cine the cinema la bolera the bowling alley el castillo the castle el museo the museum la biblioteca the library la playa the beach la costa the seaside/ coast el parque the park el bosque the forest el gimnasio the gym el río the river la canal the canal el lago the lake el mar the sea el bar the bar el restaurante the restaurant el hotel the hotel la cafetería the cafe el cibercafé the internet cafe el albergue juvenil the youth hostel la piscina the swimming pool el estadio the stadium

lugares de culto

places of worship

la catedral the cathedral la mezquita the mosque la sinagoga the synagogue el templo the temple el convento the convent el monasterio the monastery la iglesia the church la basílica the basilica la capilla the chapel la oratoria the oratory el santuario the shrine la pagoda the pagoda

lugares esenciales

the essential places

el ayuntamiento the town hall la oficina de información y turismo tourist information office la comisaría the police station la ciudad the town/ city el pueblo the village el hospital the hospital el centro ciudad the town/ city centre el banco the bank la oficina de correos the post office la escuela (primaria) the (primary) school el colegio the secondary school la universidad the university

las tiendas

the shops

la carnicería the butcher la charcutería the delicatessen la panadería the bakery la frutería the greengrocer’s la pescadería the fishmonger’s la pastelería/ bollería the cake shop los grandes almacenes the department store el supermercado the supermarket el hipermercado the hypermarket la quesería the cheese shop el herbolario the health food shop la zapatería the shoe shop la tintorería the dry cleaner’s la zapatero the cobbler’s la lavandería the laundrette la mueblería the furniture shop la farmacia the chemist’s la librería (de segunda mano) the (second-hand) book shop la tienda de antigüedadesthe antique shop el mercado the market el mercadillo the flea market la galería de arte the art gallery la ferretería the hardware shop el salón de belleza the beauty parlour la bombonería the sweet shop la tienda de porcelana the china shop la tienda de electrodomésticos the electrical goods shop la boutique the fashion boutique el puesto de frutas the fruit stand la joyería the jewellery shop la marroquinería the leather goods shop

el consultorio the doctor’s surgery la inmobiliaria the estate agent’s la floristería the florist’s la óptica the opticien’s el abogado the lawyer’s la peluquería the hairdresser’s el dentista the dentist’s la bodega the wine shop el vendedor de periódicosthe newsagent la perfumería the perfume shop la tienda de animales the animal shop la tienda de recuerdos the souvenir shop la heladería the ice-cream parlour la papelería the stationery shop la agencia de viajes the travel agent’s la tienda de deportes the sport shop la juguetería the toy shop la churrería

el transporte

the transport

la estación (de tren) the train station el andén the platform la estación de autobuses the bus station la parada de autobús the bus stop el aeropuerto the airport la parada de taxis the taxi rank el puerto the harbour le parking the car park el metro the underground

the shop that sells churros

0.

LESSON 18 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? of/from to/at “at the house of” at Pablo’s house tomorrow the beach to go (to) tonight/this evening If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

If you’re going to a hotel, you’ll probably need one of these:

una habitación It means “a room” You pronounce it “oonah ah-bee-tah-see-on”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a room for tonight.

I would like a room for tonight. Quiero una habitación para esta noche.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is a room for one night?

How much is a room for one night? ¿Cuánto es una habitación por una noche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

The room is perfect.

The room is perfect. La habitación es perfecta.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

con It means “with” You pronounce it “kon”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go with Pablo?

Can I go with Pablo? ¿Puedo ir con Pablo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go with María.

I would like to go with María. Quiero ir con María.

How would you say this in Spanish?

May I go to the beach with María and Carlos?

May I go to the beach with María and Carlos? ¿Puedo ir a la playa con María y Carlos?

Anyway, back to the hotel. You might like a room with one of these:

un balcón It means “a balcony” You pronounce it “oon bal-kon”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a room with a balcony.

I would like a room with a balcony. Quiero una habitación con un balcón.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is a room with a balcony?

How much is a room with a balcony? ¿Cuánto es una habitación con un balcón?

WORD LIST SO FAR una habitación – a room con – with un balcón – a balcony

How would you say this in Spanish?

The balcony is very beautiful.

The balcony is very beautiful. El balcón es muy precioso.

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

un televisor It means “a television” You pronounce it “oon teh-lay-vih-soor”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a room with a television.

I would like a room with a television. Quiero una habitación con un televisor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Also, I would like a television.

Also, I would like a television. También, quiero un televisor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

My television is terrible.

My television is terrible. Mi televisor es terrible.

Here’s a handy phrase you can put on the end of things in Spanish:

…no funciona It means “…doesn’t work” You pronounce it “…non fun-see-oh-nah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The television doesn’t work.

The television doesn’t work. El televisor no funciona.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That doesn’t work.

That doesn’t work. Eso no funciona.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, that doesn’t work.

Excuse me, that doesn’t work. Perdón, eso no funciona.

This is always useful for paying for things:

una tarjeta It means “a card” You pronounce it “oonah tahr-het-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

My card doesn’t work.

My card doesn’t work. Mi tarjeta no funciona.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay with a card?

Can I pay with a card? ¿Puedo pagar con una tarjeta?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay for the room with a card?

Can I pay for the room with a card? ¿Puedo pagar la habitación con una tarjeta?

The hotel There are lots of things that you might like to have in your hotel room and lots of things that would be perfect accompaniments for the “…no funciona” phrase. Therefore, I’ve written a Vocabulary Expansion Section for hotel terminology. You can find it at the end of this lesson.

Instead of saying “with a card”, you might like to try this phrase:

con tarjeta It literally means “with card” but you can use it to mean “by card” You pronounce it “kon tar-het-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay by card?

Can I pay by card? ¿Puedo pagar con tarjeta?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to pay by card.

I would like to pay by card. Quiero pagar con tarjeta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to pay for the food by card.

I would like to pay for the food by card. Quiero pagar la comida con tarjeta.

WORD LIST SO FAR una habitación – a room con – with un balcón – a balcony un televisor – a television …no funciona – …doesn’t work una tarjeta – a card con tarjeta – by card

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

May I pay with a card, please?

2.

Also, with a television, please

3.

Excuse me, the television doesn’t work

4.

I would like a room with a bathtub, please

5.

I would like a balcony

6.

Excuse me, the air conditioning doesn’t work

7.

How much is it for two weeks?

8.

I would like a room with a balcony, please

9.

I would like a room for tonight, please

10. I would like a room with a television

1.

¿Puedo pagar con una tarjeta?

2.

También, con un televisor, por favor

3.

Perdón, el televisor no funciona

4.

Quiero una habitación con un baño, por favor

5.

Quiero un balcón

6.

Perdón, el aire acondicionado no funciona

7.

¿Cuánto es por dos semanas?

8.

Quiero una habitación con un balcón, por favor

9.

Quiero una habitación para esta noche, por favor

10. Quiero una habitación con un televisor

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quiero un balcón 2. Quiero una habitación para dos personas 3. ¿Puedo pagar con tarjeta, por favor? 4. Quiero una habitación para esta noche, por favor 5. Quiero una habitación con un balcón, por favor 6. Quiero una cama de matrimonio, por favor 7. Perdón, el horno no funciona 8. Quiero una habitación por una semana, por favor 9. El balcón es perfecto 10. La llave no funciona

1. I would like a balcony 2. I would like a room for two people 3. Can I pay by card, please? 4. I would like a room for tonight, please 5. I would like a room with a balcony, please 6. I would like a king-sized bed, please 7. Excuse me, the oven doesn’t work 8. I would like a room for one week, please 9. The balcony is perfect 10. The key doesn’t work

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Good evening

2.

No, thank you

3.

It’s quarter past two

4.

A table for two, please

5.

That is for her

6.

At quarter past four

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

It’s quarter to one

9.

It’s at quarter past five

10. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic

1.

Buenas tardes

2.

No, gracias

3.

Son las dos y cuarto

4.

Una mesa para dos, por favor

5.

Eso es para ella

6.

A las cuatro y cuarto

7.

¿Puedo probar el queso, por favor?

8.

Es la una menos cuarto

9.

Es a las cinco y cuarto

10. El desayuno aquí es absolutamente fantástico

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. El pollo es absolutamente terrible 2. Perdón, ¿qué hora es? 3. ¿A qué hora es la reserva? 4. Es a la una y media 5. No es muy bueno aquí 6. Es a las seis y media 7. Adiós 8. ¿Cuánto es por un mes? 9. Mi almuerzo es fantástico 10. El pollo es muy bueno y las zanahorias son absolutamente fantásticas

1. The chicken is absolutely terrible 2. Excuse me, what time is it? 3. What time is the reservation? 4. It’s at half past one 5. It’s not very good here 6. It’s at half past six 7. Goodbye 8. How much is it for one month? 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. The chicken is very good and the carrots are absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. the lunch 2. hello 3. also 4. a 5. p.m. 6. one week 7. to go to 8. isn’t 9. how much is it? 10. it is one o'clock 11. euros 12. aren't 13. the pizza 14. at one o'clock 15. tomorrow 16. and 17. a television 18. (to) try 19. absolutely 20. (to) pay (for) 21. a table 22. for one month 23. Pedro's house 24. very 25. the water 26. the restaurant's address 27. with 28. per week 29. always 30. a card 31. that

32. the address 33. for her 34. for him 35. everything 36. it is 37. Pablo's address 38. what time is it? 39. please 40. the food 41. per day 42. two years 43. the wine 44. everybody 45. from / of 46. good evening 47. the chicken 48. but 49. for me 50. good 51. one day 52. to go 53. per person 54. goodbye 55. are 56. a taxi 57. the bill 58. I would like 59. can I? / may I? 60. a banana 61. it isn’t 62. at half past… 63. one month 64. the hotel 65. …doesn't work 66. terrible 67. the restaurant

68. (to) make 69. goodnight 70. two weeks 71. for one week 72. I think 73. what is…? 74. at / to 75. a bottle of water 76. of 77. (at) what time? 78. a.m. 79. a balcony 80. at…o'clock 81. by card 82. is 83. delicious 84. excuse me 85. no 86. per 87. (to) hire / (to) rent 88. a carrot 89. a reservation 90. the beach 91. per month 92. at quarter past… 93. yes 94. it is…o'clock 95. perfect 96. a coffee 97. nice 98. a tea 99. fantastic 100. one year 101. per year 102. for one day 103. tonight / this evening

104. extraordinary 105. beautiful 106. my (plural) 107. that is… 108. cents 109. see you soon 110. two months 111. a room 112. the house 113. thank you 114. the breakfast 115. at quarter to… 116. two days 117. a bottle of wine 118. here 119. two people 120. the hotel's address 121. the dinner 122. a car 123. the (plural) 124. my

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

el almuerzo hola también un / una de la tarde una semana ir a no es ¿cuánto es? es la una euros no son la pizza a la una mañana y un televisor probar absolutamente pagar una mesa por un mes la casa de Pedro muy el agua la dirección del restaurante con por semana siempre una tarjeta eso la dirección para ella para él todo

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

es la dirección de Pablo ¿qué hora es? por favor la comida por día dos años el vino todo el mundo de buenas tardes el pollo pero para mí bueno un día ir por persona adiós son un taxi la cuenta quiero puedo un plátano no es a las…y media un mes el hotel …no funciona terrible el restaurante hacer buenas noches dos semanas por una semana para mí

73. ¿cuál es…? 74. a 75. una botella de agua 76. de 77. ¿a qué hora? 78. de la mañana 79. un balcón 80. a las… 81. con una tarjeta 82. es 83. delicioso 84. perdón 85. no 86. por 87. alquilar 88. una zanahoria 89. una reserva 90. la playa 91. por mes 92. a las…y cuarto 93. sí 94. son las… 95. perfecto 96. un café 97. simpático 98. un té 99. fantástico 100. un año 101. por año 102. por un día 103. esta noche 104. extraordinario 105. precioso 106. mis 107. eso es… 108. céntimos 109. hasta luego

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124.

dos meses una habitación la casa gracias el desayuno a las…menos cuarto dos días una botella de vino aquí dos personas la dirección del hotel la cena un coche los / las mi

Vocabulary Expansion Section

En el hotel at the hotel

quiero una habitación...

I would like a room… con… with… un balcón a balcony una televisión a television una radio a radio una ducha a shower un baño a bathtub una vista a view …al mar …of the sea una pava a kettle una cocina a cooker un horno an oven un horno de microondas a microwave una nevera a fridge un congelador a freezer una plancha an iron una cama individual a single bed unas camas gemelas twin beds una cama de dos plazas a double bed una cama de matrimonio a kind-sized bed

el aire acondicionado the air conditioning la calefacción the heating la lámpara the lamp la luz the light la caldera the boiler la llave the key el WiFi the Wi-Fi la contraseña de WiFi the Wi-Fi password

…non funciona

…doesn’t work

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixteen to eighteen of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons nineteen to twenty-one, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 19 – 21 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 16-18”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 19 LESSON 20 LESSON 21 Gracias

LESSON 19 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? with a card by card a balcony …doesn’t work a room a television If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

tomar It means “(to) take” or “(to) have” You pronounce it “toh-mahr”

Tomar Now, in English, we tend to use the verb “have” when ordering food and drink: I’ll have a coke Can I have a sandwich? I’d like to have a tea However, in Spanish, you use the verb “tomar”, which means “to take”. So, when you’re ordering food, you can say things like: Quiero tomar un té I’d like to have (take) a tea ¿Puedo tomar el pollo? Can I have (take) the chicken?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have the paella?

Can I have the paella? ¿Puedo tomar la paella?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to have a coffee.

I would like to have a coffee. Quiero tomar un café.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a coffee?

Can I have a coffee? ¿Puedo tomar un café?

Some & Any If you want to say “some” in Spanish, as in “I would like some wine” or “can I try some cheese?”, or, if you want to say “any” as in “do you have any cheese?”, it’s really quite simple. Just say nothing! You don’t have to say “some” or “any” in Spanish, you just say the noun by itself. For example: Quiero queso I would like some cheese ¿Puedo tomar vino? May I try some wine? ¿Puedo probar paella? May I try some paella? Quiero café I would like some coffee

How would you say this in Spanish?

May I have some coffee?

May I have some coffee? ¿Puedo tomar café?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like some paella.

I would like some paella. Quiero paella.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have some carrots?

Can I have some carrots? ¿Puedo tomar zanahorias?

This is the actual word for “have” in Spanish:

tener It means “(to) have” You pronounce it “ten-air” You use “tener” whenever you want to say “to have” and you’re not talking about food and drinks, in which case you’d have to use “tomar” instead.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a room for tonight?

Can I have a room for tonight? ¿Puedo tener una habitación para esta noche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a room with a balcony?

Can I have a room with a balcony? ¿Puedo tener una habitación con un balcón?

Be careful with this one; there’s food involved:

Can I have some chicken, please?

Can I have some chicken, please? ¿Puedo tomar pollo, por favor?

WORD LIST SO FAR tomar – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) tener – (to) have

Here’s another time phrase in Spanish:

una noche It means “one night” You pronounce it “ooh-nah noh-chay”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a room for one night?

Can I have a room for one night? ¿Puedo tener una habitación por una noche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for one night?

How much is it for one night? ¿Cuánto es por una noche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s for one night, please

It’s for one night, please Es por una noche, por favor

You’ll probably be able to work out what this means:

dos noches It means “two nights” You pronounce it “doss noh-chess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a room for two nights?

Can I have a room for two nights? ¿Puedo tener una habitación por dos noches?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for two nights?

How much is it for two nights? ¿Cuánto es por dos noches?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a room for two people for two nights, please

I would like a room for two people for two nights, please Quiero una habitación para dos personas por dos noches, por favor

WORD LIST SO FAR tomar – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) tener – (to) have una noche – one night dos noches – two nights

We’ve already learnt that “con” means “with”, so here’s its cousin:

sin It means “without” You pronounce it “sin”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a pizza but without the cheese?

Can I have a pizza but without the cheese? ¿Puedo tomar una pizza pero sin el queso?

How would you say this in Spanish?

May I have two coffees without sugar?

May I have two coffees without sugar? ¿Puedo tomar dos cafés sin azúcar?

Here’s a nice little question phrase:

¿tiene? It means “do you have?” You pronounce it “tee-en-ay”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have a table for four people?

Do you have a table for four people? ¿Tiene una mesa para cuatro personas?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have a room with a television?

Do you have a room with a television? ¿Tiene una habitación con un televisor?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have any wine?

Do you have any wine? ¿Tiene vino?

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

una mapa It means “a map” You pronounce it “ooh-nah mah-pah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a map of Madrid.

I would like a map of Madrid. Quiero una mapa de Madrid.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a map?

Can I have a map? ¿Puedo tener una mapa?

WORD LIST SO FAR tomar – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) tener – (to) have una noche – one night dos noches – two nights sin – without ¿tiene? – do you have? una mapa – a map

This word goes nicely with "map":

la ciudad It means “the town” or “the city” You pronounce it “lah see-ooh-dath”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to (the) town.

I would like to go to (the) town. Quiero ir a la ciudad.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have a map of the city?

Do you have a map of the city? ¿Tiene una mapa de la ciudad?

How would you say this in Spanish?

The town here is very beautiful.

The town here is very beautiful. La ciudad aquí es muy preciosa.

This word goes nicely with "map":

la región It means “the region” You pronounce it “lah reh-hee-on”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to the region of Andalusia (Andalucía).

I would like to go to the region of Andalusia. Quiero ir a la región de Andalucía.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have a map of the region?

Do you have a map of the region? ¿Tiene una mapa de la región?

How would you say this in Spanish?

The region here is very beautiful.

The region here is very beautiful. La región aquí es muy preciosa.

WORD LIST SO FAR tomar – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) tener – (to) have una noche – one night dos noches – two nights sin – without ¿tiene? – do you have? una mapa – a map la ciudad – the town / the city la región – the region

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Do you have any bread?

2.

Do you have any tomato sauce?

3.

I would like a room for one night, please

4.

I would like two teas and a coffee

5.

Do you have a room with a balcony for three nights?

6.

I would like the chicken but without the onions, please

7.

Do you have any milk?

8.

May I have the paella?

9.

May I have some blueberries?

10. I would like a coffee

1.

¿Tiene pan?

2.

¿Tiene ketchup?

3.

Quiero una habitación por una noche, por favor

4.

Quiero dos tés y un café

5.

¿Tiene una habitación con un balcón por tres noches?

6.

Quiero el pollo pero sin las cebollas, por favor

7.

¿Tiene leche?

8.

¿Puedo tomar la paella?

9.

¿Puedo tomar arándanos?

10. Quiero un café

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quiero queso 2. ¿Puedo tomar uvas? 3. ¿Puedo tomar un té? 4. ¿Tiene manzanas? 5. ¿Tiene una mesa para dos personas? 6. Quiero arándanos 7. ¿Tiene café? 8. Quiero ketchup 9. ¿Tiene azúcar? 10. Quiero el cordero, por favor

1. I would like some cheese 2. Can I have some grapes? 3. Can I have a tea? 4. Do you have any apples? 5. Do you have a table for two people? 6. I would like some blueberries 7. Do you have any coffee? 8. I would like some tomato sauce 9. Do you have any sugar? 10. I would like the lamb, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s delicious

2.

At Lorenzo’s house

3.

What time can I go to the supermarket?

4.

It isn’t good

5.

It’s at seven o’clock

6.

My food is delicious

7.

The lunch here is delicious

8.

My lunch is terrible

9.

I think everybody is very nice

10. The car is twenty euros per day

1.

Es delicioso

2.

A la casa de Lorenzo

3.

¿A qué hora puedo ir al supermercado?

4.

No es bueno

5.

Es a las siete

6.

Mi comida es deliciosa

7.

El almuerzo aquí es delicioso

8.

Mi almuerzo es terrible

9.

Para mí, todo el mundo es muy simpático

10. El coche es veinte euros por día

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. No es muy bueno aquí 2. Es absolutamente fantástico aquí 3. Quiero ir a las tres 4. Es a las once menos cuarto 5. Quiero hacer una reserva 6. Mi pollo es perfecto 7. Son las diez y diez 8. Mi té es absolutamente terrible 9. ¿Cuánto es una habitación? 10. A la casa de María

1. It isn’t very good here 2. It’s absolutely fantastic here 3. I would like to go at three o’clock 4. It’s at quarter to eleven 5. I would like to make a reservation 6. My chicken is perfect 7. It’s half past ten 8. My tea is absolutely terrible 9. How much is my room? 10. At María’s house

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. a reservation 2. tomorrow 3. to hire 4. it is 5. a tea 6. the wine 7. it isn't 8. a coffee 9. please 10. to try 11. see you later 12. a map 13. by card 14. the water 15. for me 16. the region 17. a bottle of water 18. fantastic 19. a car 20. to take 21. the bill 22. at quarter past five 23. the address 24. at quarter to five 25. terrible 26. delicious 27. and 28. cents 29. Pedro's address 30. everything 31. good evening

32. a card 33. the beach 34. to have 35. at five o'clock 36. the breakfast 37. thank you 38. good day 39. to go 40. at half past five 41. the chicken 42. that 43. a bottle of wine 44. euros 45. one year 46. a room 47. it is five o'clock 48. a 49. a night 50. for two days 51. per week 52. a bottle 53. my 54. I would like 55. at / to 56. for a day 57. …doesn't work 58. my (plural) 59. absolutely 60. a balcony 61. goodnight 62. the restaurant 63. for two weeks 64. a table 65. no 66. perfect 67. very

68. what time is it? 69. also 70. the lunch 71. with 72. aren't 73. excuse me 74. is 75. that is 76. for him 77. to make 78. good 79. two years 80. a banana 81. here 82. yes 83. for two months 84. hello 85. do you have? 86. a television 87. to pay 88. I think / in my opinion 89. extraordinary 90. can I 91. for her 92. goodbye 93. How much is it? 94. per month 95. bad 96. at what time 97. a carrot 98. the hotel 99. from / of 100. What is…? 101. a taxi 102. the restaurant's address 103. the dinner

104. beautiful 105. the (plural) 106. without 107. the town / the city 108. nice 109. it is at one o'clock 110. for a week 111. two people 112. the house 113. but 114. the paella 115. per 116. are 117. for a month 118. isn't 119. this evening / tonight 120. it is one o'clock 121. everybody 122. per day 123. always 124. the food

1. una reserva 2. mañana 3. alquilar 4. es 5. un té 6. el vino 7. no es 8. un café 9. por favor 10. probar 11. hasta luego 12. una mapa 13. con tarjeta 14. el agua 15. para mí 16. la región 17. una botella de agua 18. fantástico 19. un coche 20. tomar 21. la cuenta 22. a las cinco y cuarto 23. la dirección 24. a las cinco menos cuarto 25. terrible 26. delicioso 27. y 28. céntimos 29. la dirección de Pedro 30. todo 31. buenas tardes 32. una tarjeta 33. la playa 34. tener 35. a las cinco

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.

el desayuno gracias buenos días ir a las cinco y media el pollo eso una botella de vino euros un año una habitación son las cinco un / una una noche por dos días por semana una botella mi quiero a por un día …no funciona mis absolutamente un balcón buenas noches el restaurante por dos semanas una mesa no perfecto muy ¿qué hora es? también el almuerzo con

72. no son 73. perdón 74. es 75. eso es 76. para él 77. hacer 78. bueno 79. dos años 80. un plátano 81. aquí 82. sí 83. por dos meses 84. hola 85. ¿tiene? 86. un televisor 87. pagar 88. para mí 89. extraordinario 90. puedo 91. para ella 92. adiós 93. ¿Cuánto es? 94. por mes 95. malo 96. a qué hora 97. una zanahoria 98. el hotel 99. de 100. ¿Cuál es…? 101. un taxi 102. la dirección del restaurante 103. la cena 104. precioso 105. los/las 106. sin 107. la ciudad

108. simpático 109. es a la una 110. por una semana 111. dos personas 112. la casa 113. pero 114. la paella 115. por 116. son 117. por un mes 118. no es 119. esta noche 120. es la una 121. todo el mundo 122. por día 123. siempre 124. la comida

LESSON 20 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? a map to have do you have a night two nights without the town/the city to take the region If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful question word in Spanish:

dónde It means “where” You pronounce it “don-day”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I pay?

Where can I pay? ¿Dónde puedo pagar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I make a reservation?

Where can I make a reservation? ¿Dónde puedo hacer una reserva?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I pay the bill?

Where can I pay the bill? ¿Dónde puedo pagar la cuenta?

You can put an extra little bit on the end of “dónde” and get:

dónde está It means “where is” You pronounce it “don-day es-tah”

ES or ESTÁ I told you in the very first book that the word for “it is”, in Spanish, is “es”

ES es bueno it’s good es fantástico it’s fantastic no es para mí it isn’t for me However, Spanish actually has two words for “it is”. The second word for “it is” is “está”

ESTÁ The word “está” is used when you’re talking about the location of something. For example, whenever you want to say that something is here, you would use “está” for “is”

el restaurante está aquí the restaurant is here mi pollo está aquí my chicken is here

está al restaurante it’s at the restaurant That’s why you should always use “está” after the word “dónde”, which means “where”.

¿dónde está María? where is María? ¿dónde está el hotel? where is the hotel? ¿dónde está Madrid? where is Madrid? está aquí it’s here

How would you ask this?

Where is the hotel?

Where is the hotel? ¿Dónde está el hotel?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where is the restaurant?

Where is the restaurant? ¿Dónde está el restaurante?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where is María?

Where is María? ¿Dónde está María?

You may be able to work out what this phrase means:

¿dónde están? It means “where are?” You pronounce it “don-day es-tan”

SON or ESTÁN Just like there are two ways to say “is” in Spanish, there are also two ways to say “are”. The first word for “are” or “they are”, in Spanish, is “son”.

SON son buenos they are good son fantásticos they are fantastic no son para mí they aren’t for me The second word for “are” or “they are” is “están”.

ESTÁN The word “están” is used when you’re talking about the location of something.

los restaurantes están aquí the restaurants are here mis pollos están aquí my chickens are here

están al restaurante they are at the restaurant That’s why you should always use “están” after the word “dónde” to mean “where are”

¿dónde están María y Pedro? where are María and Pedro? ¿dónde están los hoteles? where are the hotels? ¿dónde están? where are they? están aquí they are here

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are the carrots?

Where are the carrots? ¿Dónde están las zanahorias?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are the people?

Where are the people? ¿Dónde están las personas?

WORD LIST SO FAR dónde – where ¿dónde está? – where is? ¿dónde están? – where are?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are the tables?

Where are the tables? ¿Dónde están las mesas?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are María and Pedro?

Where are María and Pedro? ¿Dónde están María y Pedro?

Where is…? Now, it’s always nice to have a bit of variety in your language, and to have more than one way of saying the same thing. To ask where something is, you can always say “¿dónde está…?” but there’s another nice little phrase you can memorise and use from time to time as an alternative to “¿dónde está…?” That wonderful phrase is: ¿por dónde se va a…? It can be used to mean “how do I get to…?”

¿Por dónde se va a…? This question is very useful in Spanish. You can put any place on the end of it and it means “How do I get to…?”. It’s quite easy to memorise.

perdón, ¿por dónde se va a Madrid? excuse me, how do I get to Madrid? If you translate it word for word, it means “For where does one go to...?”, so it doesn't really make sense. This is a useful thing to know when learning Spanish; you can’t always translate things word for word. So just learn “¿Por dónde se va a...?” as a phrase in itself to mean “How do I get to...?” and you won’t get confused.

So, just to reiterate:

¿por dónde se va a…? It means “how do I get to…?” You pronounce it “poor don-day say vah ah”

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

How do I get to Barcelona?

How do I get to Barcelona? ¿Por dónde se va a Barcelona?

And, how would you say this in Spanish?

How do I get to the restaurant?

How do I get to the restaurant? ¿Por dónde se va al restaurante?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, how do I get to the hotel?

Excuse me, how do I get to the hotel? Perdón, ¿por dónde se va al hotel?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How do I get to the supermarket?

How do I get to the supermarket? ¿Por dónde se va al supermercado?

The Spanish contractions Don’t forget that whenever you use the little word “a” with “el”, they contract to “al”. That’s why it’s “al supermercado” in the last phrase.

a + el = al (to the / at the)

Anyway, we’ve had the word for “here” already, well, here’s the opposite:

allí It means “there” You pronounce it “ah-yee”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s there.

It’s there. Está allí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t there.

It isn’t there. No está allí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

María and Pedro aren’t there.

María and Pedro aren’t there. María y Pedro no están allí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant isn’t there.

The restaurant isn’t there. El restaurante no está allí.

Now, here’s a useful word you can use when giving directions:

vaya It means “go” when you’re giving directions You pronounce it “vah-yah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go there.

Go there. Vaya allí.

WORD LIST SO FAR dónde – where ¿dónde está? – where is? ¿dónde están? – where are? ¿por dónde se va a…? – how do I get to…? allí – there vaya – go (when giving directions)

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go to Madrid.

Go to Madrid. Vaya a Madrid.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go to the restaurant.

Go to the restaurant. Vaya al restaurante.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go to the hotel.

Go to the hotel. Vaya al hotel.

Here’s another time phrase:

todo recto It means “straight on” You pronounce it “toh-doh rek-toh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is straight on.

The restaurant is straight on. El restaurante está todo recto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

From here, it’s straight on.

From here, it’s straight on. De aquí, está todo recto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go straight on.

Go straight on. Vaya todo recto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is straight on.

The restaurant is straight on. El restaurante está todo recto.

WORD LIST SO FAR dónde – where ¿dónde está? – where is? ¿dónde están? – where are? ¿por dónde se va a…? – how do I get to…? allí – there vaya – go (when giving directions) todo recto – straight on

Now, “vaya todo recto” means “go straight on”, but you’ll tend to hear another phrase used quite a bit more:

siga todo recto It means “continue straight on” but you can use it to mean “go straight on” instead of “vaya todo recto” You pronounce it “see-gah toh-doh rek-toh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Continue straight on.

Continue straight on. Siga todo recto.

WORD LIST SO FAR dónde – where ¿dónde está? – where is? ¿dónde están? – where are? ¿por dónde se va a…? – how do I get to…? allí – there vaya – go (when giving directions) todo recto – straight on siga todo recto – continue/go straight on

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Where is the supermarket?

2.

Where is the restaurant?

3.

It isn’t very good there

4.

How do I get to the Post Office?

5.

The swimming pool is there

6.

The café is straight on

7.

How do I get to the cinema?

8.

Where is the train station?

9.

The hotel isn’t here; it’s there

10. Go straight on

1.

¿Dónde está el supermercado?

2.

¿Dónde está el restaurante?

3.

No es muy bueno allí

4.

¿Por dónde se va a la oficina de correos?

5.

La piscina está allí

6.

La cafetería está todo recto

7.

¿Por dónde se va al cinema?

8.

¿Dónde está la estación de tren?

9.

El hotel no está aquí; está allí

10. Siga todo recto

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. ¿Por dónde se va a la universidad? 2. El supermercado está todo recto 3. Quiero ir a la panadería 4. ¿Dónde está la playa? 5. ¿Dónde está el parque? 6. La comida no es muy buena allí 7. ¿Dónde está el castillo? 8. Quiero ir al banco 9. ¿Dónde está la llave para mi habitación? 10. Vaya a la playa mañana; es muy precioso allí

1. How do I get to the university? 2. The supermarket is straight on 3. I would like to go to the bakery 4. Where is the beach? 5. Where is the park? 6. The food isn’t very good there 7. Where is the castle? 8. I would like to go to the bank 9. Where is the key for my room? 10. Go to the beach; it’s very beautiful there

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s at twelve o’clock

2.

May I have some mustard?

3.

It’s eight hundred euros

4.

It’s absolutely beautiful here

5.

Do you have any grapes?

6.

How much is the paella here?

7.

Do you have any sugar?

8.

It isn’t very extraordinary

9.

My chicken is perfect

10. The television doesn’t work

1.

Es a las doce

2.

¿Puedo tomar mostaza?

3.

Es ochocientos euros

4.

Es absolutamente precioso aquí

5.

¿Tiene uvas?

6.

¿Cuánto es la paella aquí?

7.

¿Tiene azúcar?

8.

No es muy extraordinario

9.

Mi pollo es perfecto

10. El televisor no funciona

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Adiós y buenas noches 2. Son las doce y cuarto 3. Es siempre bueno aquí 4. El almuerzo está aquí 5. Mi cena es deliciosa 6. ¿Puedo tomar manzanas? 7. ¿Cuánto es una botella de agua? 8. Quiero la cuenta, por favor 9. Es cuarenta euros 10. Son las nueve menos cuarto

1. Goodbye and goodnight 2. It’s quarter past twelve 3. It’s always good here 4. The lunch is here 5. My dinner is delicious 6. Can I have some apples? 7. How much is a bottle of water? 8. I would like the bill, please 9. It’s forty euros 10. It’s quarter to nine

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. a banana 2. the paella 3. a bottle of water 4. a tea 5. where is…? 6. that is 7. extraordinary 8. at what time 9. goodnight 10. euros 11. a card 12. to pay 13. bad 14. a bottle of wine 15. aren't 16. per month 17. for a day 18. the restaurant 19. nice 20. the restaurant's address 21. beautiful 22. it is at one o'clock 23. the (plural) 24. a room 25. two years 26. at quarter to five 27. to make 28. for a month 29. What is…? 30. fantastic 31. at five o'clock

32. with 33. for me 34. for a week 35. isn't 36. this evening / tonight 37. please 38. very 39. per day 40. good day 41. the water 42. yes 43. that 44. a balcony 45. it is 46. a map 47. terrible 48. I would like 49. is 50. to try 51. for her 52. to hire 53. do you have? 54. my 55. the hotel 56. a carrot 57. always 58. cents 59. a taxi 60. Pedro's address 61. to have 62. tomorrow 63. a car 64. a reservation 65. How much is it? 66. a night 67. it is five o'clock

68. there 69. for two months 70. good 71. the lunch 72. delicious 73. at half past five 74. the beach 75. the food 76. thank you 77. the dinner 78. per 79. here 80. are 81. everything 82. the address 83. hello 84. where are…? 85. perfect 86. per week 87. goodbye 88. the bill 89. and 90. …doesn't work 91. for two weeks 92. also 93. see you later 94. it is one o'clock 95. what time is it? 96. continue straight on 97. without 98. good evening 99. excuse me 100. the region 101. but 102. absolutely 103. the town / the city

104. the house 105. the chicken 106. go (direction) 107. my (plural) 108. one year 109. I think / in my opinion 110. a table 111. everybody 112. where 113. for him 114. no 115. it isn't 116. a television 117. to take 118. for two days 119. from / of 120. a 121. to go 122. at quarter past five 123. the breakfast 124. a coffee 125. a bottle 126. can I 127. by card 128. how do I get to…? 129. the wine 130. at / to 131. two people

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

un plátano la paella una botella de agua un té ¿dónde está…? eso es extraordinario a qué hora buenas noches euros una tarjeta pagar malo una botella de vino no son por mes por un día el restaurante simpático la dirección del restaurante precioso es a la una los/las una habitación dos años a las cinco menos cuarto hacer por un mes ¿Cuál es…? fantástico a las cinco con para mí por una semana no es

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

esta noche por favor muy por día buenos días el agua sí eso un balcón es una mapa terrible quiero es probar para ella alquilar ¿tiene? mi el hotel una zanahoria siempre céntimos un taxi la dirección de Pedro tener mañana un coche una reserva ¿Cuánto es? una noche son las cinco allí por dos meses bueno el almuerzo delicioso

73. a las cinco y media 74. la playa 75. la comida 76. gracias 77. la cena 78. por 79. aquí 80. son 81. todo 82. la dirección 83. hola 84. ¿dónde están…? 85. perfecto 86. por semana 87. adiós 88. la cuenta 89. y 90. …no funciona 91. por dos semanas 92. también 93. hasta luego 94. es la una 95. ¿qué hora es? 96. siga todo recto 97. sin 98. buenas tardes 99. perdón 100. la región 101. pero 102. absolutamente 103. la ciudad 104. la casa 105. el pollo 106. vaya 107. mis 108. un año 109. para mí

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131.

una mesa todo el mundo dónde para él no no es un televisor tomar por dos días de un / una ir a las cinco y cuarto el desayuno un café una botella puedo con tarjeta ¿por dónde se va a…? el vino a dos personas

0.

LESSON 21 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? where there where are…? (it) is (location) (they) are (location) how do I get to…? straight on continue straight on where is…? go (direction) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful joining word:

pues It means “then” You pronounce it “pwess”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go straight on and then it’s there.

Go straight on and then it’s there. Siga todo recto y pues está allí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to the hotel and then to the restaurant.

I would like to go to the hotel and then to the restaurant. Quiero ir al hotel y pues al restaurante.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay for the wine and then the food?

Can I pay for the wine and then the food? ¿Puedo pagar el vino y pues la comida?

Here’s your next word in Spanish:

tome It means “take” when giving a direction or telling something what to do You pronounce it “toh-may”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the wine.

Take the wine. Tome el vino.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the water to the table for me, please.

Take the water to the table for me, please. Tome el agua a la mesa para mí, por favor.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take a taxi to the train station.

Take a taxi to the train station. Tome un taxi a la estación de tren.

Here’s a little word, well, two words really:

la calle It means “the road” You pronounce it “lah cah-yay”

You can put things in front of “calle”, for example:

la primera calle the first road (“lah pree-meh-rah kah-yay”)

la segunda calle the second road (“lah say-gun-dah kah-yay ”)

la tercera calle the third road (“lah tair-sair-rah kah-yay”)

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

Take the first road.

Take the first road. Tome la primera calle.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the second road.

Take the second road. Tome la segunda calle.

And, how would you say this in Spanish?

Take the third road.

Take the third road. Tome la tercera calle.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go straight on and then take the first road.

Go straight on and then take the first road. Siga todo recto y pues tome la primera calle.

WORD LIST SO FAR pues – then tome – take (when giving directions or orders) la calle – the road la primera calle – the first road la segunda calle – the second road la tercera calle – the third road

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the third road and then go straight on.

Take the third road and then go straight on. Tome la tercera calle y pues siga todo recto.

Let’s add a little extra information to make our directions even clearer:

a la izquierda It means “on the left” You pronounce it “ah lah iss-key-air-dah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s on the left.

It’s on the left. Está a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go straight on and it’s on the left.

Go straight on and it’s on the left. Siga todo recto y está a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is on the left.

The restaurant is on the left. El restaurante está a la izquierda.

On the other side, we have:

a la derecha It means “on the right” You pronounce it “ah lah deh-reh-cha”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s on the right.

It’s on the right. Está a la derecha.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It isn’t on the right; it’s on the left.

It isn’t on the right; it’s on the left. No está a la derecha; está a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The hotel is on the right .

The hotel is on the right. El hotel está a la derecha.

a la izquierda / a la derecha The two phrases, “a la izquierda” and “a la derecha” mean “on the left” and “on the right” respectively. However, they can also mean just “left” and “right”. So, I’ll put the “on the” part in brackets to show it can mean both.

a la izquierda (on the) left

a la derecha (on the) right

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the second road on the left.

Take the second road on the left. Tome la segunda calle a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the third road on the right.

Take the third road on the right. Tome la tercera calle a la derecha.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the first road on the left and then take the second road on the right.

Take the first road on the left and then take the second road on the right. Tome la primera calle a la izquierda y pues tome la segunda calle a la derecha.

Here’s another direction word:

gire It means “turn” when giving directions You pronounce it “hee-ray”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn left.

Turn left. Gire a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn right.

Turn right. Gire a la derecha.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go straight on and then turn left.

Go straight on and then turn left. Siga todo recto y pues gire a la izquierda.

WORD LIST SO FAR pues – then tome – take (when giving directions or orders) la calle – the road la primera calle – the first road la segunda calle – the second road la tercera calle – the third road a la izquierda – (on the) left a la derecha – (on the) right gire – turn (when giving directions)

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn right and then go straight on.

Turn right and then go straight on. Gire a la derecha y pues siga todo recto.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Take the third road on the left and then the second road on the right

2.

Take the second road on the left

3.

Take the second road on the right and then go straight on

4.

Go straight on and then take the first road on the right

5.

Go straight on, take the second road on the left and then it’s on the right

6.

Take the third road on the right and then turn left

7.

Turn right and then turn left

8.

Turn left and then take the second road on the right

9.

It’s on the right

10. The restaurant is on the left

1.

Tome la tercera calle a la izquierda y pues la segunda calle a la derecha

2.

Tome la segunda calle a la izquierda

3.

Tome la segunda calle a la derecha y pues siga todo recto

4.

Siga todo recto y pues tome la primera calle a la derecha

5.

Siga todo recto, tome la segunda calle a la izquierda y pues está a la derecha

6.

Tome la tercera calle a la derecha y pues gire a la izquierda

7.

Gire a la derecha y pues gire a la izquierda

8.

Gire a la izquierda y pues tome la segunda calle a la derecha

9.

Está a la derecha

10. El restaurante está a la izquierda

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Tome la tercera calle a la izquierda y pues la segunda calle a la derecha 2. Gire a la derecha y el supermercado está a la izquierda 3. Siga todo recto, tome la primera calle a la derecha y pues está a la izquierda 4. Tome la primera calle a la izquierda y pues siga todo recto 5. Tome la tercera calle a la izquierda y pues gire a la derecha 6. Gire a la izquierda y el hotel está a la derecha 7. Tome la tercera calle a la derecha 8. Gire a la derecha 9. Gire a la izquierda y pues gire a la derecha 10. Tome la segunda calle a la derecha

1. Take the third road on the left and then the second road on the right 2. Turn right and the supermarket is on the left 3. Go straight on, take the first road on the right and then it’s on the left 4. Take the first road on the left and then go straight on 5. Take the third road on the left and then turn right 6. Turn left and the hotel is on the right 7. Take the third road on the right 8. Turn right 9. Turn left and then turn right 10. Take the second road on the right

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Everybody is very nice

2.

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you

3.

It’s seventy cents

4.

Do you have a table for two people?

5.

The carrots are very good

6.

Yes, it’s very good here

7.

I think it’s perfect

8.

Do you have a room for tonight?

9.

It’s extraordinary

10. It’s four euros fifty

1.

Todo el mundo es muy simpático

2.

Sí, es perfecto, gracias

3.

Es setenta céntimos

4.

¿Tiene una mesa para dos personas?

5.

Las zanahorias son muy buenas

6.

Sí, es muy bueno aquí

7.

Para mí, es perfecto

8.

¿Tiene una habitación para esta noche?

9.

Es extraordinario

10. Es cuatro euros cincuenta

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es fantástico aquí 2. No es muy bueno 3. ¿Tiene una mapa de la región? 4. Gracias 5. ¿A qué hora es el desayuno mañana? 6. Perdón, quiero la cuenta, por favor 7. Es a las seis menos cuarto 8. Mis zanahorias son perfectas 9. ¿Puedo pagar la cuenta aquí? 10. Quiero ir a la carnicería mañana

1. It’s fantastic here 2. It isn’t very good 3. Do you have a map of the region? 4. Thank you 5. What time is breakfast tomorrow? 6. Excuse me, I would like the bill, please 7. It’s at quarter to six 8. My carrots are perfect 9. Can I pay the bill here? 10. I would like to go to the butcher tomorrow

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. are 2. that 3. to try 4. from / of 5. a map 6. a card 7. a car 8. cents 9. the address 10. everybody 11. a table 12. go (direction) 13. at quarter to five 14. a television 15. per month 16. for a week 17. always 18. to hire 19. What is…? 20. excuse me 21. what time is it? 22. terrible 23. for her 24. thank you 25. absolutely 26. to go 27. How much is it? 28. the lunch 29. it is 30. I would like 31. a carrot 32. that is

33. euros 34. see you later 35. take (directions) 36. extraordinary 37. a room 38. hello 39. where are…? 40. per week 41. a bottle of water 42. the restaurant 43. how do I get to…? 44. with 45. per day 46. isn't 47. the restaurant's address 48. where 49. to take 50. it is one o'clock 51. a taxi 52. turn 53. tomorrow 54. the wine 55. two people 56. also 57. bad 58. my (plural) 59. the third road 60. at half past five 61. to have 62. the second road 63. but 64. for two months 65. a coffee 66. here 67. a tea 68. please

69. and 70. fantastic 71. there 72. for him 73. a banana 74. the house 75. it isn't 76. perfect 77. for a month 78. …doesn't work 79. at what time 80. a reservation 81. I think / in my opinion 82. the water 83. good evening 84. without 85. a bottle of wine 86. good day 87. is 88. for two days 89. good 90. to make 91. the beach 92. yes 93. goodnight 94. where is…? 95. at / to 96. at five o'clock 97. Pedro's address 98. per 99. (on the) right 100. by card 101. it is at one o'clock 102. everything 103. nice 104. for a day

105. can I 106. a 107. the bill 108. the paella 109. my 110. a bottle 111. a night 112. a balcony 113. it is five o'clock 114. the hotel 115. then 116. no 117. for me 118. the (plural) 119. aren't 120. two years 121. at quarter past five 122. this evening / tonight 123. goodbye 124. one year 125. the first road 126. the breakfast 127. beautiful 128. very 129. (on the) left 130. delicious 131. to pay 132. for two weeks 133. the chicken 134. the dinner 135. the food 136. continue straight on 137. do you have? 138. the town / the city 139. the region

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

son eso probar de una mapa una tarjeta un coche céntimos la dirección todo el mundo una mesa vaya a las cinco menos cuarto un televisor por mes por una semana siempre alquilar ¿Cuál es…? perdón ¿qué hora es? terrible para ella gracias absolutamente ir ¿Cuánto es? el almuerzo es quiero una zanahoria eso es euros hasta luego tome

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

extraordinario una habitación hola ¿dónde están…? por semana una botella de agua el restaurante ¿por dónde se va a…? con por día no es la dirección del restaurante dónde tomar es la una un taxi gire mañana el vino dos personas también malo mis la tercera calle a las cinco y media tener la segunda calle pero por dos meses un café aquí un té por favor y fantástico allí para él

73. un plátano 74. la casa 75. no es 76. perfecto 77. por un mes 78. …no funciona 79. a qué hora 80. una reserva 81. para mí 82. el agua 83. buenas tardes 84. sin 85. una botella de vino 86. buenos días 87. es 88. por dos días 89. bueno 90. hacer 91. la playa 92. sí 93. buenas noches 94. ¿dónde está…? 95. a 96. a las cinco 97. la dirección de Pedro 98. por 99. a la derecha 100. con tarjeta 101. es a la una 102. todo 103. simpático 104. por un día 105. puedo 106. un / una 107. la cuenta 108. la paella 109. mi

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139.

una botella una noche un balcón son las cinco el hotel pues no para mí los/las no son dos años a las cinco y cuarto esta noche adiós un año la primera calle el desayuno precioso muy a la izquierda delicioso pagar por dos semanas el pollo la cena la comida siga todo recto ¿tiene? la ciudad la región

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons nineteen to twenty-one of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons twenty-two to twenty-four, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 22 – 24 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 19-21”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 22 LESSON 23 LESSON 24 Los colores - the colours La ropa - the clothes Gracias

LESSON 22 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? turn the first road the second road the third road then (on the) left (on the) right take If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Directions In the last lesson, we learnt quite a few direction words. I’m going to give you one more lesson full of direction words. Directions are rather important for tourists anyway, but for linguists, they’re even more important! They’re usually the easiest way for you to get speaking Spanish as soon as you arrive in Spain. When I first started going to Spain after having begun my Spanish lessons many moons ago, my mum made me ask where everything was, all the time! If I wanted to go to the toilet, I had to ask where it was. If I wanted to go to the shop, I had to ask where it was. No matter what, she always made me ask where things were because it was a good way of practising my language skills. In fact, most of the time I knew where the toilet was anyway, but that made it more useful; I knew what the other person was going to say before they even said it, all I was doing was listening to them say it in Spanish. So, when you’re in Spain, or any other Spanish speaking country, always ask ask ask. Unless it’s a medical emergency, don’t be afraid of asking directions in Spanish, even if you don’t quite get the gist of what’s being said, you can always just ask somebody else a bit further down the road. Keep asking more and more people until you start to work out what’s being said. It’s a good way of tuning your ear into the language. One more thing you can do to practise your direction vocabulary is put your SatNav into Spanish. Have a look to see if you can change the instructions to Spanish, and then turn it on when you know where you’re going. You’ll know what the instructions mean if you already know the route, so all you’re doing is hearing to them being said in Spanish.

Anyway, here’s something you’ll come across on the road:

la rotonda It means “the roundabout” You pronounce it “lah roh-ton-dah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

The roundabout is there.

The roundabout is there. La rotonda está allí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where is the roundabout?

Where is the roundabout? ¿Dónde está la rotonda?

How would you say this in Spanish?

The roundabout is on the left.

The roundabout is on the left. La rotonda está a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

At the roundabout, turn left.

At the roundabout, turn left. A la rotonda, gire a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

At the roundabout, turn right.

At the roundabout, turn right. A la rotonda, gire a la derecha.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Pedro is at the roundabout.

Pedro is at the roundabout. Pedro está a la rotonda.

The word for “the road” is “la calle”, here’s another useful word:

la salida It means “the exit” You pronounce it “lah sah-lee-dah”

You can do with “la salida” like we did with “la calle”:

la primera salida the first exit (“lah pree-meh-rah sah-lee-dah”)

la segunda salida the second exit (“lah seh-gun-dah sah-lee-dah”)

la tercera salida the third exit (“lah tair-seh-rah sah-lee-dah”)

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the first exit at the roundabout.

Take the first exit at the roundabout. Tome la primera salida a la rotonda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Take the second exit.

Take the second exit. Tome la segunda salida.

What about this direction?

At the roundabout, take the third exit.

At the roundabout, take the third exit. A la rotonda, tome la tercera salida.

WORD LIST SO FAR la rotonda –the roundabout a la rotonda – at the roundabout la salida – the exit la primera salida – the first exit la segunda salida – the second exit la tercera salida – the third exit

Here’s another word in Spanish:

hacia It means “towards” You pronounce it “ah-see-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Go towards Madrid.

Go towards Madrid. Vaya hacia Madrid.

How would you say this in Spanish?

At the roundabout, take the exit towards Barcelona.

At the roundabout, take the exit towards Barcelona. A la rotonda, tome la salida hacia Barcelona.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn left towards Ávila.

Turn left towards Ávila. Gire a la izquierda hacia Ávila.

This is a nice little phrase:

después de It means “after” You pronounce it “dess-pwess day”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn left after the roundabout.

Turn left after the roundabout. Gire a la izquierda después de la rotonda.

You don’t have to use the phrase “después de” only when giving directions; use it liberally:

I would like to go to the beach after lunch.

I would like to go to the beach after lunch. Quiero ir a la playa después del almuerzo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go after six o’clock?

Can I go after six o’clock? ¿Puedo ir después de las seis?

WORD LIST SO FAR la rotonda –the roundabout a la rotonda – at the roundabout la salida – the exit la primera salida – the first exit la segunda salida – the second exit la tercera salida – the third exit hacia – towards después de – after

The opposite of “después de” is this:

antes de It means “before” You pronounce it “an-tess day

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn left before the roundabout.

Turn left before the roundabout. Gire a la izquierda antes de la rotonda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn right before the restaurant.

Turn right before the restaurant. Gire a la derecha antes del restaurante.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go before two o’clock.

I would like to go before two o’clock. Quiero ir antes de las dos.

We’ll make this our final direction word:

los semáforos It means “the traffic lights” You pronounce it “loss seh-mah-foh-ross”

How would you say this in Spanish?

At the traffic lights, turn left.

At the traffic lights, turn left. A los semáforos, gire a la izquierda.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn right before the traffic lights.

Turn right before the traffic lights. Gire a la derecha antes de los semáforos.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Turn towards Madrid after the traffic lights.

Turn towards Madrid after the traffic lights. Gire hacia Madrid después de los semáforos.

WORD LIST SO FAR la rotonda –the roundabout a la rotonda – at the roundabout la salida – the exit la primera salida – the first exit la segunda salida – the second exit la tercera salida – the third exit hacia – towards después de – after antes de – before los semáforos – the traffic lights

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

After the roundabout, take the third road on the left

2.

Turn left at the roundabout

3.

Turn left before the traffic lights

4.

After the roundabout, take the second road on the right

5.

The shop is on the right

6.

At the roundabout, turn right

7.

After the restaurant, go straight on and then take the first road on the left

8.

Go straight on and then take the first road on the left

9.

It’s there, towards the hotel

10. Go straight on and then take the second exit at the roundabout

1.

Después de la rotonda, tome la tercera calle a la izquierda

2.

Gire a la izquierda a la rotonda

3.

Gire a la izquierda antes de los semáforos

4.

Después de la rotonda, tome la segunda calle a la derecha

5.

La tienda está a la derecha

6.

A la rotonda, gire a la derecha

7.

Después del restaurante, siga todo recto y pues tome la primera calle a la izquierda

8.

Siga todo recto y pues tome la primera calle a la izquierda

9.

Está allí, hacia el hotel

10. Siga todo recto y pues tome la segunda salida a la rotonda

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

A la rotonda, tome la salida hacia Salamanca

2.

¿Antes del postre, puedo probar el queso?

3.

Siga todo recto y pues tome la tercera calle a la derecha

4.

Después de la rotonda, tome la tercera a la izquierda

5.

Está allí, hacia el hotel

6.

A la rotonda, gire a la izquierda

7.

Siga todo recto y pues tome la tercera salida a la rotonda

8.

Tome la salida hacia Valencia

9.

Tome la tercera calle a la derecha

10. Tome la salida hacia Córdoba

1.

At the roundabout, take the exit towards Salamanca

2.

Before dessert, can I try the cheese?

3.

Go straight on and then take the third road on the right

4.

After the roundabout, take the third road on the left

5.

It’s there, towards the hotel

6.

At the roundabout, turn left

7.

Go straight on and then take the third exit at the roundabout

8.

Take the exit towards Valencia

9.

Take the third road on the right

10. Take the exit towards Córdoba

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Yes, I think it’s fantastic here

2.

At María’s house

3.

Do you have any cheese?

4.

I would like a room with a television

5.

It’s always absolutely perfect

6.

It’s at Pedro’s house

7.

That’s the restaurant

8.

I would like to go to Luca’s house

9.

It’s absolutely beautiful here

10. It’s extraordinary

1.

Sí, para mí, es fantástico aquí

2.

A la casa de María

3.

¿Tiene queso?

4.

Quiero una habitación con un televisor

5.

Es siempre absolutamente perfecto

6.

Está a la casa de Pedro

7.

Eso es el restaurante

8.

Quiero ir a la casa de Luca

9.

Es absolutamente precioso aquí

10. Es extraordinario

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. ¿Cuánto es por seis días? 2. ¿Puedo ir al gimnasio? 3. Mi paella es perfecta 4. Quiero ir a las tres menos cuarto 5. ¿Puedo ir a Madrid? 6. La playa está todo recto 7. Sí, es fantástico 8. Mi desayuno es fantástico 9. Quiero una habitación con un balcón, por favor 10. Quiero un taxi las cuatro, por favor

1. How much is it for six days? 2. Can I go to the gym? 3. My paella is perfect 4. I would like to go at quarter to three 5. Can I go to Madrid? 6. The beach is straight on 7. Yes, it’s fantastic 8. My breakfast is perfect 9. I would like a room with a balcony, please 10. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. where 2. take (directions) 3. the restaurant's address 4. it is at one o'clock 5. a car 6. the (plural) 7. a tea 8. delicious 9. towards 10. a table 11. Pedro's address 12. the address 13. What is…? 14. where is…? 15. the house 16. the third road 17. but 18. turn 19. a taxi 20. everybody 21. the town / the city 22. then 23. yes 24. there 25. the exit 26. a 27. to try 28. to have 29. my (plural) 30. how do I get to…? 31. the chicken

32. for two days 33. at / to 34. one year 35. a reservation 36. the roundabout 37. for a month 38. this evening / tonight 39. (on the) left 40. what time is it? 41. cents 42. a night 43. good day 44. by card 45. good evening 46. and 47. for two weeks 48. are 49. the wine 50. a card 51. at five o'clock 52. goodnight 53. two years 54. the region 55. that 56. go (direction) 57. How much is it? 58. I would like 59. for me 60. I think / in my opinion 61. from / of 62. for a day 63. the water 64. two people 65. the bill 66. at quarter to five 67. per month

68. please 69. always 70. fantastic 71. the food 72. it isn't 73. a carrot 74. hello 75. (on the) right 76. for him 77. perfect 78. is 79. a bottle of wine 80. a map 81. extraordinary 82. to hire 83. a television 84. thank you 85. a balcony 86. the breakfast 87. the hotel 88. can I 89. also 90. it is one o'clock 91. bad 92. the beach 93. continue straight on 94. tomorrow 95. the first road 96. goodbye 97. for her 98. a bottle of water 99. the traffic lights 100. the restaurant 101. the lunch 102. everything 103. the paella

104. a room 105. without 106. to make 107. per 108. beautiful 109. to go 110. euros 111. to take 112. at quarter past five 113. see you later 114. a banana 115. with 116. very 117. after 118. per day 119. it is five o'clock 120. no 121. good 122. that is 123. before 124. here 125. a coffee 126. do you have? 127. terrible 128. for two months 129. at what time 130. a bottle 131. the dinner 132. excuse me 133. for a week 134. …doesn't work 135. where are…? 136. absolutely 137. isn't 138. the second road 139. it is

140. aren't 141. to pay 142. my 143. nice 144. per week 145. at half past five

1. dónde 2. tome 3. la dirección del restaurante 4. es a la una 5. un coche 6. los/las 7. un té 8. delicioso 9. hacia 10. una mesa 11. la dirección de Pedro 12. la dirección 13. ¿Cuál es…? 14. ¿dónde está…? 15. la casa 16. la tercera calle 17. pero 18. gire 19. un taxi 20. todo el mundo 21. la ciudad 22. pues 23. sí 24. allí 25. la salida 26. un / una 27. probar 28. tener 29. mis 30. ¿por dónde se va a…? 31. el pollo 32. por dos días 33. a 34. un año 35. una reserva

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.

la rotonda por un mes esta noche a la izquierda ¿qué hora es? céntimos una noche buenos días con tarjeta buenas tardes y por dos semanas son el vino una tarjeta a las cinco buenas noches dos años la región eso vaya ¿Cuánto es? quiero para mí para mí de por un día el agua dos personas la cuenta a las cinco menos cuarto por mes por favor siempre fantástico la comida

72. no es 73. una zanahoria 74. hola 75. a la derecha 76. para él 77. perfecto 78. es 79. una botella de vino 80. una mapa 81. extraordinario 82. alquilar 83. un televisor 84. gracias 85. un balcón 86. el desayuno 87. el hotel 88. puedo 89. también 90. es la una 91. malo 92. la playa 93. siga todo recto 94. mañana 95. la primera calle 96. adiós 97. para ella 98. una botella de agua 99. los semáforos 100. el restaurante 101. el almuerzo 102. todo 103. la paella 104. una habitación 105. sin 106. hacer 107. por

108. precioso 109. ir 110. euros 111. tomar 112. a las cinco y cuarto 113. hasta luego 114. un plátano 115. con 116. muy 117. después de 118. por día 119. son las cinco 120. no 121. bueno 122. eso es 123. antes de 124. aquí 125. un café 126. ¿tiene? 127. terrible 128. por dos meses 129. a qué hora 130. una botella 131. la cena 132. perdón 133. por una semana 134. …no funciona 135. ¿dónde están…? 136. absolutamente 137. no es 138. la segunda calle 139. es 140. no son 141. pagar 142. mi 143. simpático

144. por semana 145. a las cinco y media

LESSON 23 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? the traffic lights the exit the first exit the second exit the third exit before after towards the roundabout If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful little word in Spanish:

demasiado It means “too much” You pronounce it “deh-mah-see-ah-doh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s too much.

It’s too much. Es demasiado.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s too much for me.

It’s too much for me. Es demasiado para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s too much.

I think it’s too much. Para mí, es demasiado.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is too much for me.

That is too much for me. Eso es demasiado para mí.

The word “demasiado” means “too much” but it can also mean just “too”:

demasiado It means “too much” or just “too” You pronounce it “deh-mah-see-ah-doh”

Let me give you a little adjective:

grande It means “big” You pronounce it “gran-day”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s too big.

It’s too big. Es demasiado grande.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s very big.

It’s very big. Es muy grande.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I think it’s too big.

I think it’s too big. Para mí, es demasiado grande.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s too big for me.

It’s too big for me. Es demasiado grande para mí.

The opposite of “grande” is this:

pequeño It means “small” You pronounce it “peh-ken-yoh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s very small.

It’s very small. Es muy pequeño.

How would you say this in Spanish?

It’s too small for me.

It’s too small for me. Es demasiado pequeño para mí.

WORD LIST SO FAR demasiado – too much / too grande – big pequeño – small

How would you say this in Spanish?

The restaurant is very small.

The restaurant is very small. El restaurante es muy pequeño.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The car is very small.

The car is very small. El coche es muy pequeño.

Now, be a little careful with this one:

The table is very small.

The table is very small. La mesa es muy pequeña. I said to be careful because the word for table is feminine in Spanish, which means you should change the O on the end of “pequeño” to an A, so it becomes “pequeña”

Here’s a useful little word:

más It means “more” You pronounce it “mass”

Comparatives in Spanish In English, a comparative is when you put ‘-er’ onto the end of something to make it more. For example, “small” becomes “smaller”, and “big” becomes “bigger”. The rule in English is that if the word has two syllables or fewer, you can stick an ‘-er’ on the end. However, if it has three or more syllables, you can’t do this (“delicious” can’t become “deliciouser”, for example). What you have to do instead is use the word “more” (“delicious” becomes “more delicious”). Well, in Spanish, this is what you have to do all the time. You always have to use the word “more” because the “-er” suffix doesn’t exist in Spanish. The Spanish word for “more” is “más”. So, in Spanish, to say “bigger”, you have to say “more big” (más grande) and “smaller” would be “more small” (más pequeño).

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

Everything here is bigger.

Everything here is bigger. Todo aquí es más grande.

And, how would you say this in Spanish?

Everything here is smaller.

Everything here is smaller. Todo aquí es más pequeño.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Bigger.

Bigger. Más grande.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Smaller.

Smaller. Más pequeño.

How would you say this in Spanish?

More beautiful.

More beautiful. Más precioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

More extraordinary.

More extraordinary. Más extraordinario.

How would you say this in Spanish?

The food is more delicious there.

The food is more delicious there. La comida es más deliciosa allí.

Here’s a little word with a little meaning:

un poco It means “a bit” You pronounce it “oon poh-koh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bit.

I would like a bit. Quiero un poco.

Remember that the little word “de” means “of”, so, how would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bit of cheese.

I would like a bit of cheese. Quiero un poco de queso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bit more.

I would like a bit more. Quiero un poco más.

Making the adjective agree I’ve given you two more adjectives this lesson “grande” and “pequeño”. Remember, I said many moons ago that all adjectives have four different forms (masculine singular, masculine plural, feminine singular and feminine plural)? Well, here are the different forms for “grande” and “pequeño”. English – masculine singular – masculine plural – feminine singular – feminine plural BIG – GRANDE – GRANDES – GRANDE – GRANDES SMALL – PEQUEÑO – PEQUEÑOS – PEQUEÑA – PEQUEÑAS

Spanish Adjectives In Spanish, unlike in English, adjectives tend to go after the noun it’s describing (I say they tend to go after because there are a couple of exceptions that we'll talk about in another chapter). So instead of saying ‘a big car’, you would say ‘a car big’. So you say what it is first and then you describe it. For example: a big car un coche grande a small car un coche pequeño Let's have a look at some of the other adjectives we've learned so far and put them with some nouns. Remember, if the noun is feminine or plural, you should make the adjective agree. a fantastic car un coche fantástico a delicious dinner una cena deliciosa a terrible restaurant un restaurante terrible a beautiful house una casa preciosa delicious carrots zanahorias deliciosas delicious mangos mangos deliciosos

This is the same even if you use the word “muy” (very) in front of the adjective or if you want to make it a comparative by using “más” (more). a very big car un coche muy grande a very small house una casa muy pequeña a bigger car un coche más grande a smaller house una casa más pequeña

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a big car.

I would like a big car. Quiero un coche grande.

Let’s practise those adjective endings a little with some translations: 1. I would like a big car 2. I would like a small car 3. A bigger car 4. A smaller car 5. Two big cars 6. Two small cars 7. It’s a big table 8. It’s a small table

Here are the answers: 1. Quiero un coche grande 2. Quiero un coche pequeño 3. Un coche más grande 4. Un coche más pequeño 5. Dos coches grandes 6. Dos coches pequeños 7. Es una mesa grande 8. Es una mesa pequeña

WORD LIST SO FAR demasiado – too much / too grande – big pequeño – small más – more más grande – bigger más pequeño – smaller un poco – a bit un poco de – a bit of

So, “más” means “more”, and here’s the opposite:

menos It means “less” You pronounce it “men-oss”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Less big.

Less big. Menos grande.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Less small.

Less small. Menos pequeño.

How would you say this in Spanish?

A bit less for me.

A bit less for me. Un poco menos para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

A bit more for me.

A bit more for me. Un poco más para mí.

The word “menos” can also be used to mean “fewer”. So, how would you say this in Spanish?

I would like fewer bananas.

I would like fewer bananas. Un poco más para mí.

Demasiado The word “demasiado” can mean “too much” or “too many”, and it has to agree with the noun it goes in front of. Here are the four forms of demasiado: MASCULINE SINGULAR – demasiado MASCULINE PLURAL – demasiados FEMININE SINGULAR – demasiada FEMININE PLURAL – demasiadas Here are some examples of the word “demasiado” in use: demasiadas zanahorias too many carrots demasiado vino too much wine demasiados mangos too many mangos demasiada paella too much paella

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bit more cheese.

I would like a bit more cheese. Quiero un poco más queso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have (any) more carrots?

Do you have (any) more carrots? ¿Tiene más zanahorias?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like less cheese.

I would like less cheese. Quiero menos queso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have fewer carrots?

Can I have fewer carrots? ¿Puedo tomar menos zanahorias?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Too many carrots.

Too many carrots. Demasiadas zanahorias.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a bit more cheese?

Can I have a bit more cheese? ¿Puedo tomar un poco más queso?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Too much cheese.

Too much cheese. Demasiado queso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is too much wine for me.

That is too much wine for me. Eso es demasiado vino para mí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is a bit too much cheese for me.

That is a bit too much cheese for me. Eso es un poco demasiado queso para mí.

WORD LIST SO FAR demasiado – too much / too many / too grande – big pequeño – small más – more más grande – bigger más pequeño – smaller un poco (de) – a bit (of) menos – less un coche grande – a big car un restaurante fantástico – a fantastic restaurant

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a bit less, please

2.

That’s too much for me

3.

A bit big

4.

It’s very small

5.

A bit less for him, please

6.

A big car

7.

A small car

8.

I would like a big table, please

9.

That’s a very big table

10. That’s too big

1.

Quiero un poco menos, por favor

2.

Eso es demasiado para mí

3.

Un poco grande

4.

Es muy pequeño

5.

Un poco menos para él, por favor

6.

Un coche grande

7.

Un coche pequeño

8.

Quiero una mesa grande, por favor

9.

Eso es una mesa muy grande

10. Eso es demasiado grande

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Es demasiado pequeño 2. Un poco más para él, por favor 3. Quiero un poco más, por favor 4. Demasiado pequeño 5. Todo es más pequeño aquí 6. Menos pequeño 7. Eso es una mesa muy pequeña 8. Quiero un poco menos, por favor 9. Eso es una mesa muy grande 10. Todo es menos pequeño aquí

1. It’s too small 2. A bit more for him, please 3. I would like a bit more, please 4. Too small 5. Everything is smaller here 6. Less small 7. That is a very small table 8. I would like a bit less, please 9. That is a very big table 10. Everything is less small here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

The Wi-Fi password doesn’t work

2.

I think it’s fantastic

3.

Pedro’s chicken is delicious

4.

How do I get to the university?

5.

The breakfast here is delicious

6.

I think the food is perfect here

7.

Can I have a coffee?

8.

At Mateo’s house

9.

It isn’t for her; it’s for me

10. The food isn’t very good there

1.

La contraseña de WiFi no funciona

2.

Para mí, es fantástico

3.

El pollo de Pedro es delicioso

4.

¿Por dónde se va a la universidad?

5.

El desayuno es delicioso

6.

Para mí, la comida es perfecta aquí

7.

¿Puedo tomar un café?

8.

A la casa de Mateo

9.

No es para ella; es para mí

10. La comida no es muy buena allí

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. ¿Cuánto es mi cuenta? 2. ¿Tiene una habitación con un televisor? 3. Es a las siete y cuarto 4. ¿Dónde está el zoológico? 5. Un té para ella, por favor 6. El horno de microondas no funciona 7. Quiero pagar la cuenta para él, por favor 8. Eso no es mi pollo 9. Gire a la derecha 10. Gire a la izquierda

1. How much is my bill? 2. Do you have a room with a television? 3. It’s at quarter past seven 4. Where is the zoo? 5. A tea for her, please 6. The microwave doesn’t work 7. I would like to pay the bill for him, please 8. That isn’t my chicken 9. Turn right 10. Turn left

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. a table 2. can I 3. at quarter to five 4. for two weeks 5. where 6. more 7. the region 8. very 9. the water 10. there 11. I would like 12. the dinner 13. two years 14. the bill 15. how do I get to…? 16. my (plural) 17. it is at one o'clock 18. isn't 19. the beach 20. the third road 21. a card 22. a bottle of water 23. are 24. …doesn't work 25. good day 26. the restaurant 27. by card 28. also 29. it isn't 30. for a month 31. after

32. for two days 33. the food 34. per month 35. to take 36. without 37. a 38. then 39. at half past five 40. where are…? 41. aren't 42. no 43. tomorrow 44. everybody 45. what time is it? 46. one year 47. the town / the city 48. to try 49. with 50. for her 51. the restaurant's address 52. small 53. the exit 54. the hotel 55. to have 56. (on the) left 57. that 58. perfect 59. a bottle 60. to hire 61. for me 62. the paella 63. too much 64. a taxi 65. a balcony 66. the wine 67. goodbye

68. a room 69. at quarter past five 70. the address 71. the traffic lights 72. a bottle of wine 73. to make 74. see you later 75. delicious 76. from / of 77. always 78. a coffee 79. this evening / tonight 80. the (plural) 81. fantastic 82. a night 83. How much is it? 84. it is 85. at what time 86. per day 87. a carrot 88. hello 89. the breakfast 90. two people 91. What is…? 92. for two months 93. nice 94. here 95. take (directions) 96. absolutely 97. a bit (of) 98. (on the) right 99. for him 100. the chicken 101. my 102. I think / in my opinion 103. cents

104. to pay 105. it is one o'clock 106. for a day 107. terrible 108. the first road 109. the roundabout 110. before 111. a reservation 112. it is five o'clock 113. where is…? 114. extraordinary 115. good 116. and 117. less 118. bad 119. Pedro's address 120. a tea 121. please 122. towards 123. excuse me 124. do you have? 125. per 126. is 127. to go 128. but 129. turn 130. yes 131. thank you 132. at five o'clock 133. everything 134. the lunch 135. euros 136. big 137. continue straight on 138. a banana 139. a map

140. goodnight 141. per week 142. the house 143. good evening 144. a television 145. the second road 146. a car 147. for a week 148. go (direction) 149. beautiful 150. at / to 151. that is

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

una mesa puedo a las cinco menos cuarto por dos semanas dónde más la región muy el agua allí quiero la cena dos años la cuenta ¿por dónde se va a…? mis es a la una no es la playa la tercera calle una tarjeta una botella de agua son …no funciona buenos días el restaurante con tarjeta también no es por un mes después de por dos días la comida por mes tomar

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

sin un / una pues a las cinco y media ¿dónde están…? no son no mañana todo el mundo ¿qué hora es? un año la ciudad probar con para ella la dirección del restaurante pequeño la salida el hotel tener a la izquierda eso perfecto una botella alquilar para mí la paella demasiado un taxi un balcón el vino adiós una habitación a las cinco y cuarto la dirección los semáforos una botella de vino

73. hacer 74. hasta luego 75. delicioso 76. de 77. siempre 78. un café 79. esta noche 80. los/las 81. fantástico 82. una noche 83. ¿Cuánto es? 84. es 85. a qué hora 86. por día 87. una zanahoria 88. hola 89. el desayuno 90. dos personas 91. ¿Cuál es…? 92. por dos meses 93. simpático 94. aquí 95. tome 96. absolutamente 97. un poco (de) 98. a la derecha 99. para él 100. el pollo 101. mi 102. para mí 103. céntimos 104. pagar 105. es la una 106. por un día 107. terrible 108. la primera calle 109. la rotonda

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146.

antes de una reserva son las cinco ¿dónde está…? extraordinario bueno y menos malo la dirección de Pedro un té por favor hacia perdón ¿tiene? por es ir pero gire sí gracias a las cinco todo el almuerzo euros grande siga todo recto un plátano una mapa buenas noches por semana la casa buenas tardes un televisor la segunda calle un coche

147. 148. 149. 150. 151.

por una semana vaya precioso a eso es

0.

LESSON 24 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? more less too (much / many) a bit (of) big small bigger smaller If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s start this lesson with a little colour:

en rojo It means “in red” You pronounce it “en roh-ho”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have that in red?

Do you have that in red? ¿Tiene eso en rojo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like that in red.

I would like that in red. Quiero eso en rojo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the car in red.

I would like the car in red. Quiero el coche en rojo.

Colours I’ve done a Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for “Colours”. Go and take a gander.

This, that, these & those The words “this”, “that”, “these” and “those” are called demonstratives. In Spanish, they change depending on whether the noun they’re referring to is masculine, feminine, singular or plural. In English, the word “this” refers to singular objects (this house/ this car/ this restaurant), whereas “these” refers to plural objects (these houses/ these cars/ these restaurants). Similarly, “that” refers to singular objects and “those” is the plural. this apple = these apples that apple = those apples In Spanish, there are ten different variations! It might seem like a lot but they’re quite simple really.

THIS THAT THESE THOSE

MASCULINE FEMININE este esta ese esa estos estas esos esas

Now, that’s a lot of words to remember, but you can separate them into two groups: GROUP 1: THIS/THESE este – esta – estos – estas GROUP 2: THAT/THOSE ese – esa – esos – esas The two groups are almost identical. The only difference is the “this/these” group has a T in the middle and the “that/those” group doesn’t.

GROUP 1: THIS/THESE esTe – esTa – esTos – esTas GROUP 2: THAT/THOSE ese – esa – esos – esas

How would you say this in Spanish?

This restaurant is fantastic.

This restaurant is fantastic. Este restaurant es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

This paella is delicious.

This paella is delicious. Esta paella es deliciosa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

This hotel is very good.

This hotel is very good. Este hotel es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

These carrots are terrible.

These carrots are terrible. Estas zanahorias son terribles.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That restaurant is fantastic.

That restaurant is fantastic. Ese restaurante es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That paella is delicious.

That paella is delicious. Esa paella es deliciosa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That hotel is very good.

That hotel is very good. Ese hotel es muy bueno.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Those carrots are terrible.

Those carrots are terrible. Esas zanahorias son terribles.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Those bananas are good.

Those bananas are good. Esos plátanos son buenos.

How would you say this in Spanish?

These bananas are good.

These bananas are good. Estos plátanos son buenos.

But wait!!! “But wait!” I hear you cry, “Haven’t we already learned that the word for “that” is “eso”?” Yes, we did! Well done for remembering. We learned that eso means that. When you’re not using a noun, and are just using that by itself, you can use the word eso. It’s sort of a neutral form of the word. When you’re using “that” with a noun, however, you must use the masculine (ese) or feminine (esa) versions. eso es fantástico that is fantastic esa casa es fantástica that house is fantastic ese coche es fantástico that car is fantastic The same goes for the word this. If you’re using a noun, you must use the masculine (este) or feminine (esta) versions. However, if you’re not using a noun, and you’re just saying “this” by itself, you can use the neutral version “esto”. esto es delicioso this is delicious esta paella es deliciosa this paella is delicious este plátano es delicioso this banana is delicious

How would you say this in Spanish?

This is fantastic.

This is fantastic. Esto es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

This paella is delicious.

This paella is delicious. Esta paella es deliciosa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

This banana is delicious.

This banana is delicious. Este plátano es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

This is delicious.

This is delicious. Esto es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is fantastic.

That is fantastic. Eso es fantástico.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That paella is delicious.

That paella is delicious. Esa paella es deliciosa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That banana is delicious.

That banana is delicious. Ese plátano es delicioso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That is delicious.

That is delicious. Eso es delicioso.

You may need one of these if it gets cold:

un abrigo It means “a coat” You pronounce it “oon ah-bree-goh”

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

I would like this coat.

I would like this coat. Quiero este abrigo.

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

I would like that coat.

I would like that coat. Quiero ese abrigo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where is my coat?

Where is my coat? ¿Dónde está mi abrigo?

And, how would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have this coat in red?

Do you have this coat in red? ¿Tiene este abrigo en rojo?

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

These coats are fantastic.

These coats are fantastic. Estos abrigos son fantásticos.

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

Those coats are fantastic.

Those coats are fantastic. Esos abrigos son fantásticos.

Clothes If you flip to the back of this chapter, after the Vocabulary Expansion Section for Colours, you’ll find another for Clothes. This is where you can find lots of vocabulary related to, well… clothes. Go and have a peek and choose a couple or three words to learn.

WORD LIST SO FAR en rojo – then este / esta / esto – this estos / estas – these ese / esa / eso – that esos / esas – those un abrigo – a coat

If you go shopping, you’ll probably need one of these:

una bolsa It means “a bag” You pronounce it “oona bol-sah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have a bag?

Do you have a bag? ¿Tiene una bolsa?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have any bags?

Do you have any bags? ¿Tiene bolsas?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bag.

I would like a bag. Quiero una bolsa.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like two bags.

I would like two bags. Quiero dos bolsas.

Keeping in mind that the word for “bag” is feminine, how would you say this in Spanish?

The bag is perfect.

The bag is perfect. La bolsa es perfecta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

This bag is perfect.

This bag is perfect. Esta bolsa es perfecta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

That bag is terrible.

That bag is terrible. Esa bolsa es terrible.

How would you say this in Spanish?

These bags are perfect.

These bags are perfect. Estas bolsas son perfectas.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Those bags are terrible.

Those bags are terrible. Esas bolsas son terribles.

This is a nice word:

una cesta It means “a basket” You pronounce it “oonah sess-tah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a basket.

I would like a basket. Quiero una cesta.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, do you have a basket?

Excuse me, do you have a basket? Perdón, ¿tiene una cesta?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have any baskets?

Do you have any baskets? ¿Tiene cestas?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a basket?

Can I have a basket? ¿Puedo tener una cesta?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are the baskets?

Where are the baskets? ¿Dónde están las cestas?

If you’re going on a big shop, you may need one of these instead:

un carrito It means “a trolley” or “a cart” You pronounce it “oon kah-ree-toh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a trolley.

I would like a trolley. Quiero un carrito.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have a trolley?

Do you have a trolley? ¿Tiene un carrito?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have any trolleys?

Do you have any trolleys? ¿Tiene carritos?

WORD LIST SO FAR en rojo – then este / esta / esto – this estos / estas – these ese / esa / eso – that esos / esas – those un abrigo – a coat una bolsa – a bag una cesta – a basket un carrito – a trolley / a cart

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I have a trolley?

Can I have a trolley? ¿Puedo tener un carrito?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Excuse me, where are the trolleys?

Excuse me, where are the trolleys? Perdón, ¿dónde están los carritos?

Colours in Spanish Remember how I said last lesson that adjectives have to come after the noun in Spanish? Well, all colours are adjectives, so they must come after the word they're describing. For example: white wine vino blanco a yellow house una casa amarilla Since colours are adjectives, they have to “agree” to what it is they’re referring to. For example, ‘rojo’ meaning ‘red’ becomes ‘roja’ in the feminine form. a red car un coche rojo a red house una casa roja Now, putting the colour after the noun might seem a little odd and back to front, but I actually think it makes more sense to do it the Spanish way rather than the English way. If you think about, in English, we say things like “the red car”, we’re saying what colour it is before we’ve even said what it is. However, in Spanish, you say that it’s a car and then you say what colour it is: un coche rojo (a car which is red).

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like the red coat.

I would like the red coat. Quiero el abrigo rojo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have a green car?

Do you have a green car? ¿Tiene un coche verde?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a bottle of white wine.

I would like a bottle of white wine. Quiero una botella de vino blanco.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a white wine.

I would like a white wine. Quiero un vino blanco.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like some white wine.

I would like some white wine. Quiero vino blanco.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like some red wine.

I would like some red wine. Quiero vino tinto.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The red coat

2.

This restaurant is extraordinary

3.

Can I have a basket?

4.

Do you have this coat in red?

5.

May I have that in blue?

6.

I would like the brown shirt for him and the yellow shirt for her

7.

This hotel is good

8.

Do you have this shirt in orange?

9.

Where are the trolleys?

10. Do you have that in red?

1.

El abrigo rojo

2.

Este restaurante es extraordinario

3.

¿Puedo tener una cesta?

4.

¿Tiene este abrigo en rojo?

5.

¿Puedo tener eso en azul?

6.

Quiero la camisa marrón para él y la camisa amarilla para ella

7.

Este hotel es bueno

8.

¿Tiene esta camisa en naranja?

9.

¿Dónde están los carritos?

10. ¿Tiene eso en rojo?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. ¿Puedo tener dos bolsas, por favor? 2. Este hotel 3. ¿Tiene eso en rojo? 4. Ese hotel es bueno 5. ¿Dónde están los zapatos? 6. Este restaurante es perfecto 7. El abrigo verde 8. Quiero ese abrigo, pero en rojo 9. El hotel no es perfecto pero es muy bueno 10. Esos hoteles son perfectos

1. Can I have two bags, please? 2. This hotel 3. Do you have that in red? 4. That hotel is good 5. Where are the shoes? 6. This restaurant is perfect 7. The green coat 8. I would like that coat, but in red 9. The hotel isn’t perfect but it’s very good 10. Those hotels are perfect

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

How much is a room?

2.

Can I pay by card, please?

3.

It’s at nine o’clock

4.

The restaurant isn’t bad

5.

I would like a bottle of wine, please

6.

It’s very small

7.

I would like to hire a car, how much is it?

8.

A bottle of water is one euro twenty

9.

Can I make a reservation?

10. It’s at quarter past five

1.

¿Cuánto es una habitación?

2.

¿Puedo pagar con tarjeta, por favor?

3.

Es a las nueve

4.

El restaurante no es malo

5.

Quiero una botella de vino, por favor

6.

Es muy pequeño

7.

Quiero alquilar un coche, ¿cuánto es?

8.

Una botella de agua es un euro veinte

9.

¿Puedo hacer una reserva?

10. Es a las cinco y cuarto

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. ¿Por dónde se va a la estación de tren? 2. Son las cinco y media 3. Después del bistec, quiero probar el pollo 4. La pava no funciona 5. El horno de microondas no funciona 6. Quiero un taxi a las cuatro, por favor 7. Tome la salida hacia Valencia, y pues siga todo recto 8. Gire a la izquierda y está allí 9. No es para él; es para mí 10. Es treinta euros por mes

1. How do I get to the train station? 2. It’s half past five 3. After the steak, I would like to try the chicken 4. The kettle doesn’t work 5. The microwave doesn’t work 6. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please 7. Take the exit towards Valencia, and then go straight on 8. Turn left, and it’s there 9. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 10. It’s thirty euros a month

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. here 2. the dinner 3. less 4. perfect 5. where is…? 6. and 7. a car 8. a bag 9. the roundabout 10. turn 11. how do I get to…? 12. it is one o'clock 13. a tea 14. my (plural) 15. too much 16. at / to 17. a coffee 18. the water 19. a 20. there 21. a coat 22. what time is it? 23. take (directions) 24. the food 25. to make 26. the breakfast 27. a bit (of) 28. per week 29. the house 30. I would like 31. that is

32. to have 33. the third road 34. in red 35. at what time 36. two people 37. to take 38. a basket 39. at half past five 40. (on the) left 41. then 42. no 43. How much is it? 44. bad 45. at quarter past five 46. tomorrow 47. the wine 48. small 49. the region 50. for her 51. goodnight 52. to hire 53. at five o'clock 54. big 55. where are…? 56. good evening 57. beautiful 58. more 59. euros 60. thank you 61. also 62. for two days 63. What is…? 64. a map 65. a reservation 66. is 67. for two months

68. a night 69. the town / the city 70. to pay 71. yes 72. without 73. but 74. isn't 75. do you have? 76. where 77. for me 78. terrible 79. always 80. the beach 81. for a week 82. per month 83. fantastic 84. the first road 85. the chicken 86. please 87. the traffic lights 88. go (direction) 89. at quarter to five 90. very 91. it is five o'clock 92. goodbye 93. excuse me 94. by card 95. a trolley 96. a balcony 97. with 98. extraordinary 99. cents 100. aren't 101. a bottle of wine 102. for a month 103. two years

104. can I 105. continue straight on 106. see you later 107. (on the) right 108. I think / in my opinion 109. this evening / tonight 110. after 111. the hotel 112. …doesn't work 113. everybody 114. the lunch 115. towards 116. the restaurant 117. a taxi 118. one year 119. are 120. the second road 121. to try 122. it is at one o'clock 123. everything 124. a room 125. good day 126. absolutely 127. the (plural) 128. good 129. per 130. to go 131. nice 132. it is 133. a card 134. it isn't 135. a carrot 136. the paella 137. a television 138. per day 139. delicious

140. my 141. for two weeks 142. hello 143. the restaurant's address 144. that 145. a bottle 146. from / of 147. the exit 148. a banana 149. a bottle of water 150. Pedro's address 151. the address 152. for him 153. the bill 154. for a day 155. before 156. a table

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

aquí la cena menos perfecto ¿dónde está…? y un coche una bolsa la rotonda gire ¿por dónde se va a…? es la una un té mis demasiado a un café el agua un / una allí un abrigo ¿qué hora es? tome la comida hacer el desayuno un poco (de) por semana la casa quiero eso es tener la tercera calle en rojo a qué hora

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

dos personas tomar una cesta a las cinco y media a la izquierda pues no ¿Cuánto es? malo a las cinco y cuarto mañana el vino pequeño la región para ella buenas noches alquilar a las cinco grande ¿dónde están…? buenas tardes precioso más euros gracias también por dos días ¿Cuál es…? una mapa una reserva es por dos meses una noche la ciudad pagar sí sin

73. pero 74. no es 75. ¿tiene? 76. dónde 77. para mí 78. terrible 79. siempre 80. la playa 81. por una semana 82. por mes 83. fantástico 84. la primera calle 85. el pollo 86. por favor 87. los semáforos 88. vaya 89. a las cinco menos cuarto 90. muy 91. son las cinco 92. adiós 93. perdón 94. con tarjeta 95. un carrito 96. un balcón 97. con 98. extraordinario 99. céntimos 100. no son 101. una botella de vino 102. por un mes 103. dos años 104. puedo 105. siga todo recto 106. hasta luego 107. a la derecha 108. para mí 109. esta noche

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146.

después de el hotel …no funciona todo el mundo el almuerzo hacia el restaurante un taxi un año son la segunda calle probar es a la una todo una habitación buenos días absolutamente los/las bueno por ir simpático es una tarjeta no es una zanahoria la paella un televisor por día delicioso mi por dos semanas hola la dirección del restaurante eso una botella de

147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156.

la salida un plátano una botella de agua la dirección de Pedro la dirección para él la cuenta por un día antes de una mesa

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Los colores the colours

If any of the words below end in the letter O, you can make it feminine by changing the O to an A. However, if it doesn’t end in an O, there is no separate feminine version. púrpura purple marrón brown rosa pink azul blue verde green rojo red naranja orange negro black amarillo yellow blanco white gris grey azul claro azul oscuro

light blue dark blue

La ropa the clothes

la ropa unisexo

unisex clothing

un abrigo a coat un sobretodo a raincoat una chaqueta a jacket una parka a ski jacket / an anorak una camiseta a t-shirt unos pantalones some trousers unos vaqueros some jeans un bañador a bathing suit unos pantalones cortos some shorts unos calcetines some socks unos zapatos some shoes unos tenis some trainers unas botas some boots unas sandalias some sandals un pijama some pajamas unas pantuflas some slippers un suéter a jumper un pulóver a sweatshirt un jersey a jersey  

la ropa de hombre

men’s clothing

un traje a man’s suit un esmoquin a tuxedo una camisa a shirt un blazer a sports jacket una corbata a tie un corbatín a bow tie un cinturón a belt una camiseta interior a vest unos boxers some boxer shorts la ropa interior underwear un chaleco a waistcoat unos monos some overalls 

la ropa de señora

women’s clothing

un traje de sastre a woman’s suit una blusa a blouse un vestido a dress una falda a skirt una minifalda a miniskirt unos zapatos de tacón some high-heeled shoes un sostén a bra una combinación a slip una enagua a half slip unas calcetas some stockings unas medias some tights una braga a pair of knickers un camisón a nightgown un bikini a bikini un velo a veil 

la joyería

the jewellery

una horquilla a hairclip un pendiente an earring un collar a necklace un colgante a pendant un broche a brooch un prendedor a pin una aguja de corbata a tie-clip un brazalete a bracelet una pulsera de dijes a charm bracelet un reloj a watch unas mancuernillas some cufflinks un anillo de compromiso an engagement ring un anillo de matrimonioa wedding ring un anillo a ring …de plata silver… …de oro gold… 

los objetos diversos miscellaneous objects una aguja a needle un botón a button el cuello the collar el algodón the cotton la cremallera the zip el hilo the thread un cordón a shoelace un tirante a thin strap una correa a strap una máquina de coser a sewing machine la manga the sleeve un bolsillo a pocket el velcro the velcro unas agujas de tricotar some knitting needles la lana the wool  

los accesorios

the accessories

un sombrero a hat una cinta a ribbon unas gafas some glasses unas gafas de sol some sunglasses una bufanda a scarf un chal a shawl una pañoleta a headscarf / a neckerchief un pañuelo a handkerchief unos guantes some gloves unos mitones some mittens un cinturón a belt una cartera a wallet un monedero a purse un bolso a handbag una mochila a backpack un maletín a briefcase un paraguas an umbrella (for rain) un parasol an umbrella (for sun) el maquillaje the make-up el perfume the perfume una gorra de béisbo a baseball cap una boina a beret unos tirantes some braces una chaqueta de punto a cardigan un poncho a poncho un chaleco acolchado a body warmer

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons twenty-two to twenty-four of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons twenty-five to twenty-six, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE SPANISH LESSONS 25 – 26 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be.

Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute Spanish” . I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Spanish: Lessons 22-24”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Spanish now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Spanish language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 500 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Spanish, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 22 LESSON 23 LESSON 24 Los colores - the colours La ropa - the clothes Gracias

LESSON 25 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? a coat a bag in red this that those these a basket a trolley If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a nice word in Spanish:

me gusta It means “I like” You pronounce it “meh gus-tah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like this restaurant.

I like this restaurant. Me gusta este restaurante.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like the chicken here.

I like the chicken here. Me gusta el pollo aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like everybody here.

I like everybody here. Me gusta todo el mundo aquí.

WORD LIST SO FAR me gusta – I like

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like the red car.

I like the red car. Me gusta el coche rojo.

Now, the phrase “me gusta” can mean “I like” but it can also mean “I like it”. This is because “me gusta” literally means “it is pleasing to me”:

me gusta It means “I like” or “I like it” You pronounce it “meh gus-tah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like it here.

I like it here. Me gusta aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like it in red.

I like it in red. Me gusta en rojo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like the red coat but I like it in green, as well. The word for “as well” is the same as the word for “also” – “también”

I like the red coat but I like it in green, as well. Me gusta el abrigo rojo pero me gusta en verde, también.

This is a nice little word:

de madera It means “in wood” (well, actually it means “of wood”) You pronounce it “day mah-dair-ah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have that in wood?

Do you have that in wood? ¿Tiene eso de madera?

I like it in wood.

I like it in wood. Me gusta de madera.

I like that in wood.

I like that in wood. Me gusta eso de madera.

Materials I’ve included a “Materials” Vocabulary Expansion section at the end of this lesson with a list of lots of different types of materials. Go and have a look.

Here’s a phrase that looks remarkably similar to its English counterpart:

prefiero It means “I prefer” You pronounce it “preh-fee-air-oh”

WORD LIST SO FAR me gusta – I like me gusta – I like it de madera – in wood prefiero – I prefer

How would you say this in Spanish?

I prefer the red coat.

I prefer the red coat. Prefiero el abrigo rojo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like the green coat but I prefer the red coat.

I like the green coat but I prefer the red coat. Me gusta el abrigo verde pero prefiero el abrigo rojo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like to go to (the) town but I prefer to go to the beach.

I like to go to (the) town but I prefer to go to the beach. Me gusta ir a la ciudad pero prefiero ir a la playa.

If we change “prefiero” slightly, we get:

lo prefiero It means “I prefer it” You pronounce it “loh preh-fee-air-oh”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I prefer it here.

I prefer it here. Lo prefiero aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like the green coat but I prefer it in red.

I like the green coat but I prefer it in red. Me gusta el abrigo verde pero lo prefiero en rojo.

Lo prefiero You've just learnt the following phrases:

prefiero I prefer

lo prefiero I prefer it

So, whenever you put a little “lo” in front of a verb, it means “it” in Spanish.

This works with any verb.

quiero I would like

lo quiero I would like it

¿tiene? do you have?

¿lo tiene? do you have it?

prefiero I prefer

lo prefiero I prefer it The only exception to this is with “me gusta”. “Me gusta” can mean both “I like” and “I like it”, you don’t have to add anything to this word.

me gusta I like

me gusta la paella I like the paella

me gusta I like it

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like it in red.

I would like it in red. Lo quiero en rojo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like it in wood.

I would like it in wood. Lo quiero de madera.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have it in red?

Do you have it in red? ¿Lo tiene en rojo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you have it in wood?

Do you have it in wood? ¿Lo tiene de madera?

WORD LIST SO FAR me gusta – I like me gusta – I like it de madera – in wood prefiero – I prefer lo prefiero – I prefer it lo quiero – I would like it ¿lo tiene?– do you have it?

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I like the lamb

2.

I like it in red but I prefer it in yellow

3.

I like the red coat but I prefer it in blue

4.

I prefer the red wine

5.

I like it in green

6.

Can I have that in brown?

7.

I like it in wood

8.

I like the green coat

9.

I like it in plastic

10. I like that

1.

Me gusta el cordero

2.

Me gusta en rojo pero lo prefiero en amarillo

3.

Me gusta el abrigo rojo pero lo prefiero en azul

4.

Prefiero el vino tinto

5.

Me gusta en verde

6.

¿Puedo tener eso en marrón?

7.

Me gusta de madera

8.

Me gusta el abrigo verde

9.

Me gusta de plástico

10. Me gusta eso

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

¿Tiene eso en azul claro?

2.

Me gusta el abrigo verde

3.

Quiero eso en azul claro

4.

¿Tiene eso en marrón?

5.

Me gusta de plástico

6.

Me gusta el queso pero prefiero el vino

7.

¿Puedo tener eso en azul oscuro?

8.

Me gusta el cordero

9.

Prefiero el abrigo verde pero me gusta el abrigo rojo, también

10. Me gusta el abrigo rojo pero lo prefiero en amarillo

1.

Do you have that in light blue?

2.

I like the green coat

3.

I would like that in light blue

4.

Do you have that in brown?

5.

I like it in plastic

6.

I like the cheese but I prefer the wine

7.

Can I have that in dark blue?

8.

I like the lamb

9.

I prefer the green coat but I like the red coat, as well

10. I like the red coat but I prefer it in yellow

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s half past three

2.

The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here

3.

I would like to go at quarter past four

4.

I think it’s fantastic

5.

The dinner is perfect

6.

My address is 15 Calle de Barcelona

7.

I would like the chicken but without the onions, please

8.

Take the second road on the right and then the third road on the left

9.

How do I get to the city centre?

10. I would like a trolley

1.

Son las tres y media

2.

El desayuno es absolutamente fantástico aquí

3.

Quiero ir a las cuatro y cuarto

4.

Para mí, es fantástico

5.

La cena es perfecta

6.

Mi dirección es quince Calle de Barcelona

7.

Quiero el pollo pero sin las cebollas, por favor

8.

Tome la segunda calle a la derecha y pues la tercera calle a la izquierda

9.

¿Por dónde se va al centro ciudad?

10. Quiero un carrito

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Quiero un taxi para tres personas a las cuatro menos cuarto, por favor 2. Quiero una reserva a las siete, por favor 3. Quiero ir al hotel a las cinco 4. ¿Tiene la camisa en verde? 5. Quiero manzanas 6. Son las seis y media 7. Quiero un taxi a las dos y media 8. Quiero ir a la casa de María a las cinco 9. ¿A qué hora puedo ir al banco? 10. La cena es absolutamente fantástica aquí

1. I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please 2. I would like a reservation at seven o’clock, please 3. I would like to go to the hotel at five o’clock 4. Do you have the shirt in green? 5. I would like some apples 6. It’s half past six 7. I would like a taxi at half past two 8. I would like to go to María’s house at five o’clock 9. What time can I go to the bank? 10. The dinner is absolutely fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. where is…? 2. the food 3. what time is it? 4. beautiful 5. I prefer 6. the roundabout 7. for a month 8. do you have it? 9. I think / in my opinion 10. a table 11. the paella 12. (on the) left 13. a map 14. two people 15. with 16. bad 17. a bag 18. a reservation 19. good 20. per day 21. a 22. the (plural) 23. see you later 24. it is 25. hello 26. to hire 27. a card 28. terrible 29. very 30. at quarter past five 31. cents

32. to make 33. the town / the city 34. at what time 35. the second road 36. a balcony 37. the wine 38. then 39. good evening 40. tomorrow 41. the beach 42. how do I get to…? 43. per week 44. is 45. a carrot 46. goodnight 47. absolutely 48. a banana 49. it is one o'clock 50. (on the) right 51. a bottle of wine 52. that 53. everything 54. it is at one o'clock 55. where are…? 56. one year 57. in wood 58. yes 59. the hotel 60. but 61. for her 62. a taxi 63. to have 64. the third road 65. I would like it 66. the chicken 67. a room

68. a car 69. a television 70. two years 71. where 72. there 73. here 74. to go 75. the bill 76. small 77. take (directions) 78. that is 79. a basket 80. without 81. the exit 82. How much is it? 83. do you have? 84. at / to 85. before 86. continue straight on 87. always 88. too much 89. the dinner 90. go (direction) 91. a coffee 92. Pedro's address 93. the region 94. the restaurant 95. the traffic lights 96. by card 97. the restaurant's address 98. no 99. the breakfast 100. at five o'clock 101. after 102. in red 103. to take

104. turn 105. delicious 106. perfect 107. euros 108. at quarter to five 109. to try 110. …doesn't work 111. less 112. please 113. from / of 114. fantastic 115. nice 116. per 117. for two days 118. What is…? 119. thank you 120. goodbye 121. also 122. excuse me 123. per month 124. good day 125. a trolley 126. my 127. the house 128. a bit (of) 129. for a day 130. my (plural) 131. a tea 132. it is five o'clock 133. everybody 134. big 135. for a week 136. aren't 137. for two weeks 138. for me 139. I prefer it

140. the water 141. extraordinary 142. for two months 143. it isn't 144. the lunch 145. the address 146. a coat 147. a bottle of water 148. a night 149. I would like 150. towards 151. more 152. I like (it) 153. and 154. for him 155. are 156. isn't 157. at half past five 158. a bottle 159. the first road 160. can I 161. to pay 162. this evening / tonight

1. ¿dónde está…? 2. la comida 3. ¿qué hora es? 4. precioso 5. prefiero 6. la rotonda 7. por un mes 8. ¿lo tiene? 9. para mí 10. una mesa 11. la paella 12. a la izquierda 13. una mapa 14. dos personas 15. con 16. malo 17. una bolsa 18. una reserva 19. bueno 20. por día 21. un / una 22. los/las 23. hasta luego 24. es 25. hola 26. alquilar 27. una tarjeta 28. terrible 29. muy 30. a las cinco y cuarto 31. céntimos 32. hacer 33. la ciudad 34. a qué hora 35. la segunda calle

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.

un balcón el vino pues buenas tardes mañana la playa ¿por dónde se va a…? por semana es una zanahoria buenas noches absolutamente un plátano es la una a la derecha una botella de vino eso todo es a la una ¿dónde están…? un año de madera sí el hotel pero para ella un taxi tener la tercera calle lo quiero el pollo una habitación un coche un televisor dos años dónde

72. allí 73. aquí 74. ir 75. la cuenta 76. pequeño 77. tome 78. eso es 79. una cesta 80. sin 81. la salida 82. ¿Cuánto es? 83. ¿tiene? 84. a 85. antes de 86. siga todo recto 87. siempre 88. demasiado 89. la cena 90. vaya 91. un café 92. la dirección de Pedro 93. la región 94. el restaurante 95. los semáforos 96. con tarjeta 97. la dirección del restaurante 98. no 99. el desayuno 100. a las cinco 101. después de 102. en rojo 103. tomar 104. gire 105. delicioso 106. perfecto 107. euros

108. a las cinco menos cuarto 109. probar 110. …no funciona 111. menos 112. por favor 113. de 114. fantástico 115. simpático 116. por 117. por dos días 118. ¿Cuál es…? 119. gracias 120. adiós 121. también 122. perdón 123. por mes 124. buenos días 125. un carrito 126. mi 127. la casa 128. un poco (de) 129. por un día 130. mis 131. un té 132. son las cinco 133. todo el mundo 134. grande 135. por una semana 136. no son 137. por dos semanas 138. para mí 139. lo prefiero 140. el agua 141. extraordinario 142. por dos meses 143. no es

144. el almuerzo 145. la dirección 146. un abrigo 147. una botella de agua 148. una noche 149. quiero 150. hacia 151. más 152. me gusta 153. y 154. para él 155. son 156. no es 157. a las cinco y media 158. una botella 159. la primera calle 160. puedo 161. pagar 162. esta noche

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Lista de materiales list of materials

de madera in wood (wooden) (de) madera dura (in) hardwood (de) aliso (in) alder (de) fresno (in) ash (de) balsa (in) balsa (de) haya (in) beech (de) abedul (in) birch (de) madera de boj (in) boxwood (de) cerezo (in) cherry (de) castaño (in) chestnut (de) ébano (in) ebony (de) madera de olmo (in) elm (de) madera de caoba (in) mahogany (de) madera de arce (in) maple (de) madera de roble (in) oak (de) palisandro (in) rosewood (de) sicómoro (in) sycamore (de) teca (in) teak (de) madera de nogal (in) walnut

(de) madera blanda

(in) softwood

(de) cedro (in) cedar (de) madera de abeto (in) fir (de) madera de pino (in) pine (de) secoya (in) redwood (de) madera de tejo (in) yew (de) picea (in) spruce 

(de) plástico

(in) plastic

(de) poliestireno (in) polystyrene (de) nailon (in) nylon (de) goma (in) rubber (de) látex (in) latex  

metálico

in metal

(de) cobre (in) copper (de) plomo (in) lead (de) níquel (in) nickel (de) zinc (in) zinc de acero galvanizado galvanised (de) hierro (in) iron (de) acero (in) steel (de) aluminio (in) aluminium (de) hojalata (in) tin (de) oro (in) gold (de) platino (in) platinum (de) plata (in) silver (de) bronce (in) bronze (de) latón (in) brass (de) acero inoxidable (in) stainless steel  

telas

textiles

(de) lana (in) wool (de) algodón (in) cotton (de) fieltro (in) felt (de) cachemira (in) cashmere (de) seda (in) silk (de) cáñamo (in) hemp (de) terciopelo (in) velvet (de) papel (in) paper (de) cartón (in) cardboard (de) raso (in) satin (de) arpillera (in) hessian (de) acrílico (in) acrylic (de) nailon (in) nylon (de) licra (in) spandex (de) cuero (in) leather

LESSON 26 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Spanish? I like it I prefer I prefer it that in wood I like I would like it If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s look at some travelling terminology in this lesson:

un billete It means “a ticket” You pronounce it “oon bee-yet-ay”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a ticket for Madrid.

I would like a ticket for Madrid. Quiero un billete para Madrid.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like two tickets.

I would like two tickets. Quiero dos billetes.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like two tickets for Valencia, please.

I would like two tickets for Valencia, please. Quiero dos billetes para Valencia, por favor.

Here’s your next phrase:

un billette de ida It means “a one-way ticket” You pronounce it “oon bee-yet-ay day ee-dah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a one-way ticket for Valencia.

I would like a one-way ticket for Valencia. Quiero un billete de ida para Valencia.

If you want more than one one-way ticket, you’d say:

dos billetes de ida It means “two one-way tickets” You pronounce it “doss bee-yet-ess day ee-dah”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like two one-way tickets for Málaga.

I would like two one-way tickets for Málaga. Quiero dos billetes de ida para Málaga.

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for three one-way tickets?

How much is it for three one-way tickets? ¿Cuánto es por tres billetes de ida?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like four one-way tickets, please. How much is that?

I would like four one-way tickets, please. How much is that? Quiero cuatro billetes de ida, por favor. ¿Cuánto es eso?

Perhaps you’ll want to come home again, in which case, you’ll need one of these:

un billete de ida y vuelta It means “a return ticket” You pronounce it “oon bee-yet-ay day ee-dah ee vwel-tah” Literally, it means “a go and return ticket”

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like a return ticket for Barcelona.

I would like a return ticket for Barcelona. Quiero un billete de ida y vuelta para Barcelona.

WORD LIST SO FAR un billete – a ticket un billete de ida – a one-way ticket dos billetes de ida – two one-way tickets un billete de ida y vuelta – a return ticket

If you want more than one return ticket, you can say:

dos billetes de ida y vuelta It means “two return tickets” You pronounce it “doss bee-yet-ess day eedah ee vwel-tah”

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

I would like two return tickets for Salamanca.

I would like two return tickets for Salamanca. Quiero dos billetes de ida y vuelta para Salamanca.

And, how would you say this in Spanish?

How much is a one-way ticket for Alicante?

How much is a one-way ticket for Alicante? ¿Cuánto es un billete de ida para Alicante?

Now, in English, we tend to say “a ticket to Madrid” rather than “a ticket for Madrid”. In Spanish, however, you’d always use “for” instead of “to” in this situation, so stick with “para”.

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for two return tickets for Madrid?

How much is it for two return tickets for Madrid? ¿Cuánto es por dos billetes de ida y vuelta para Madrid?

Now, did you get the “cuánto es por…” part right above? Well, I haven’t told you about this yet so you probably didn’t. There is a useful phrase in Spanish: cuánto es por… It means “how much is it for…”

So, just to clarify:

cuánto es por… It means “how much is it for…” You pronounce it “kwan-toh ess poor”

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for two return tickets for Málaga?

How much is it for two return tickets for Málaga? ¿Cuánto es por dos billetes de ida y vuelta para Málaga?

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for a bottle of white wine?

How much is it for a bottle of white wine? ¿Cuánto es por una botella de vino blanco?

So, how would you say this in Spanish?

How much is it for three tickets for Granada?

How much is it for three tickets for Granada? ¿Cuánto es por tres billetes para Granada?

Here’s a word whose meaning you might be able to guess:

el tren It means “the train” You pronounce it “ell tren”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where is the train?

Where is the train? ¿Dónde está el tren?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where is the train for Barcelona?

Where is the train for Valencia? ¿Dónde está el tren para Valencia?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time is the train for Barcelona?

What time is the train for Barcelona? ¿A qué hora es el tren para Barcelona?

WORD LIST SO FAR un billete – a ticket un billete de ida – a one-way ticket dos billetes de ida – two one-way tickets un billete de ida y vuelta – a return ticket dos billetes de ida y vuelta – two return tickets ¿cuánto es por…? – how much is it for…? el tren – the train

Here’s another word whose meaning you can probably decipher without too much trouble:

el autobús It means “the bus” You pronounce it “el ow-toh-buss”

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where is the bus?

Where is the bus? ¿Dónde está el autobús?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I take the train?

Can I take the train? ¿Puedo tomar el tren?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to take the bus.

I would like to take the bus. Quiero tomar el autobús.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like the train but I prefer the bus.

I like the train but I prefer the bus. Me gusta el tren pero prefiero el autobús.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I like the bus but I prefer the train.

I like the bus but I prefer the train. Me gusta el autobús pero prefiero el tren.

This is always a useful word no matter where you go:

los aseos It means “the toilets” You pronounce it “loss ah-say-oss” Generally, in Spanish, the word for “toilet” is in the plural. So, you would always say “aseos” rather than just “aseo”. You always ask about the “toilets” rather than just the “toilet”.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are the toilets?

Where are the toilets? ¿Dónde están los aseos?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I would like to go to the toilet. Remember to say “toilets”

I would like to go to the toilet. Quiero ir a los aseos.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go to the toilet?

Can I go to the toilet? ¿Puedo ir a los aseos?

WORD LIST SO FAR un billete – a ticket un billete de ida – a one-way ticket dos billetes de ida – two one-way tickets un billete de ida y vuelta – a return ticket dos billetes de ida y vuelta – two return tickets ¿cuánto es por…? – how much is it for…? el tren – the train el autobús – the bus los aseos – the toilet

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Spanish. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a return ticket for Córdoba

2.

I would like two tickets for Barcelona

3.

How much is it for two tickets?

4.

I would like two one-way tickets for Benalmádena, please

5.

Where is the train station?

6.

A one-way ticket is five euros

7.

Where are the toilets?

8.

Three one-way tickets for Madrid

9.

How much is a ticket for the cathedral?

10. I would like a return ticket for Ávila, please

1.

Quiero un billete de ida y vuelta para Córdoba

2.

Quiero dos billetes para Barcelona

3.

¿Cuánto es por dos billetes?

4.

Quiero dos billetes de ida para Benalmádena, por favor

5.

¿Dónde está la estación de tren?

6.

Un billete de ida es cinco euros

7.

¿Dónde están los aseos?

8.

Tres billetes de ida para Madrid

9.

¿Cuánto es un billete para la catedral?

10. Quiero un billete de ida y vuelta para Ávila, por favor

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Spanish sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. ¿Dónde está el tren para Barcelona? 2. ¿A qué hora es el tren para Madrid? 3. Quiero un billete de ida para Valencia 4. Quiero dos billetes de ida para Segovia 5. ¿A qué hora es el autobús? 6. Quiero dos billetes, por favor 7. Quiero un billete para Málaga, por favor 8. ¿Cuánto es un billete para el autobús? 9. Un billete de ida y vuelta es ocho euros 10. ¿Cuánto es por tres billetes?

1. Where is the train for Barcelona? 2. What time is the train for Madrid? 3. I would like a one-way ticket for Valencia 4. I would like two one-way tickets for Segovia 5. What time is the bus? 6. I would like two tickets, please 7. I would like a ticket for Málaga, please 8. How much is a ticket for the bus? 9. A return ticket is eight euros 10. How much is it for three tickets?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s at half past seven

2.

Where is the theme park?

3.

Take the first road on the left and then go straight on

4.

The fridge doesn’t work

5.

My car is terrible

6.

How do I get to the hospital?

7.

How do I get to the car park?

8.

My paella is very good

9.

Can I go to the bus stop?

10. The reservation is twenty-five euros per person

1.

Es a las siete y media

2.

¿Dónde está el parque de atracciones?

3.

Tome la primera calle a la izquierda y pues siga todo recto

4.

La nevera no funciona

5.

Mi coche es terrible

6.

¿Por dónde se va al hospital?

7.

¿Por dónde se va al aparcamiento?

8.

Mi paella es muy buena

9.

¿Puedo ir a la parada de autobús?

10. La reserva es veinticinco euros por persona

Let’s now do some Spanish to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Gire a la derecha después de los semáforos 2. Quiero un té para mí y un café para ella, por favor 3. Sí, es perfecto, gracias 4. Eso es una mesa muy pequeña 5. ¿Puedo ir al banco? 6. La paella es para él 7. Quiero un coche más pequeño, por favor 8. El desayuno no es malo 9. ¿Dónde está la llave para mi habitación? 10. No es muy bueno

1. Turn right after the traffic lights 2. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 3. Yes, it’s perfect, thank you 4. That’s a very small table 5. Can I go to the bank? 6. The paella is for him 7. I would like a smaller car, please 8. The breakfast isn’t bad 9. Where is the key for my room? 10. It isn’t very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Spanish? 1. to try 2. go (direction) 3. how do I get to…? 4. the restaurant 5. for a week 6. …doesn't work 7. the exit 8. at half past five 9. a bottle of wine 10. the train 11. I would like 12. two people 13. a taxi 14. more 15. cents 16. a bag 17. always 18. this evening / tonight 19. less 20. a tea 21. very 22. tomorrow 23. terrible 24. the region 25. the (plural) 26. can I 27. for her 28. a map 29. after 30. see you later 31. the traffic lights

32. here 33. I prefer it 34. a television 35. aren't 36. thank you 37. for him 38. at / to 39. to hire 40. per day 41. good day 42. How much is it? 43. the hotel 44. do you have it? 45. where is…? 46. the third road 47. for two weeks 48. the beach 49. it is one o'clock 50. the bus 51. big 52. goodnight 53. the paella 54. a basket 55. without 56. the address 57. a table 58. the lunch 59. the dinner 60. a bottle 61. too much 62. the bill 63. the second road 64. goodbye 65. in wood 66. the town / the city 67. the roundabout

68. are 69. to make 70. the breakfast 71. beautiful 72. where 73. to go 74. my (plural) 75. bad 76. everything 77. the food 78. what time is it? 79. the house 80. turn 81. the first road 82. a room 83. it is 84. to take 85. What is…? 86. perfect 87. for a day 88. a banana 89. is 90. for me 91. it isn't 92. there 93. extraordinary 94. please 95. per month 96. small 97. at what time 98. but 99. it is at one o'clock 100. for two days 101. a trolley 102. a balcony 103. a coffee

104. I would like it 105. a card 106. I prefer 107. no 108. nice 109. euros 110. I like (it) 111. the toilets 112. a 113. a bottle of water 114. (on the) right 115. a carrot 116. fantastic 117. (on the) left 118. where are…? 119. a one-way ticket 120. how much is it for…? 121. everybody 122. a car 123. for two months 124. a reservation 125. at five o'clock 126. the water 127. yes 128. at quarter past five 129. excuse me 130. to pay 131. a ticket 132. take (directions) 133. good evening 134. by card 135. a return ticket 136. to have 137. in red 138. that is 139. one year

140. from / of 141. and 142. for a month 143. a night 144. it is five o'clock 145. continue straight on 146. I think / in my opinion 147. good 148. the chicken 149. delicious 150. two years 151. the restaurant's address 152. with 153. that 154. the wine 155. before 156. a bit (of) 157. Pedro's address 158. towards 159. per 160. hello 161. per week 162. isn't 163. my 164. do you have? 165. also 166. at quarter to five 167. then 168. a coat 169. absolutely

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

probar vaya ¿por dónde se va a…? el restaurante por una semana …no funciona la salida a las cinco y media una botella de vino el tren quiero dos personas un taxi más céntimos una bolsa siempre esta noche menos un té muy mañana terrible la región los/las puedo para ella una mapa después de hasta luego los semáforos aquí lo prefiero un televisor no son

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

gracias para él a alquilar por día buenos días ¿Cuánto es? el hotel ¿lo tiene? ¿dónde está…? la tercera calle por dos semanas la playa es la una el autobús grande buenas noches la paella una cesta sin la dirección una mesa el almuerzo la cena una botella demasiado la cuenta la segunda calle adiós de madera la ciudad la rotonda son hacer el desayuno precioso dónde

73. ir 74. mis 75. malo 76. todo 77. la comida 78. ¿qué hora es? 79. la casa 80. gire 81. la primera calle 82. una habitación 83. es 84. tomar 85. ¿Cuál es…? 86. perfecto 87. por un día 88. un plátano 89. es 90. para mí 91. no es 92. allí 93. extraordinario 94. por favor 95. por mes 96. pequeño 97. a qué hora 98. pero 99. es a la una 100. por dos días 101. un carrito 102. un balcón 103. un café 104. lo quiero 105. una tarjeta 106. prefiero 107. no 108. simpático 109. euros

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146.

me gusta los aseos un / una una botella de agua a la derecha una zanahoria fantástico a la izquierda ¿dónde están…? un billete de ida ¿cuánto es por…? todo el mundo un coche por dos meses una reserva a las cinco el agua sí a las cinco y cuarto perdón pagar un billete tome buenas tardes con tarjeta un billete de ida y vuelta tener en rojo eso es un año de y por un mes una noche son las cinco siga todo recto para mí

147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169.

bueno el pollo delicioso dos años la dirección del restaurante con eso el vino antes de un poco (de) la dirección de Pedro hacia por hola por semana no es mi ¿tiene? también a las cinco menos cuarto pues un abrigo absolutamente

0.

EXTRA TRANSLATIONS

LESSON 1

1. It is fantastic 2. It’s very good here 3. It’s fantastic here 4. It’s here 5. It’s absolutely fantastic 6. It isn’t very good 7. It’s absolutely fantastic here 8. It isn’t here 9. It’s very good 10. It isn’t good

1. Es fantástico 2. Es muy bueno aquí 3. Es fantástico aquí 4. Está aquí 5. Es absolutamente fantástico 6. No es muy bueno 7. Es absolutamente fantástico aquí 8. No está aquí 9. Es muy bueno 10. No es bueno

LESSON 2 1. It’s extraordinary 2. It isn’t for me 3. It’s delicious 4. It isn’t very beautiful here 5. It’s for me 6. It isn’t delicious 7. It’s very good for me 8. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 9. I think it’s absolutely fantastic 10. It’s absolutely extraordinary here

1. Es extraordinario 2. No es para mí 3. Es delicioso 4. No es muy precioso aquí 5. Es para mí 6. No es delicioso 7. Es muy bueno para mí 8. Para mí, es absolutamente precioso aquí 9. Para mí, es absolutamente fantástico 10. Es absolutamente extraordinario aquí

LESSON 3 1. That isn’t very good for me 2. It’s very good, thank you 3. I think that is absolutely extraordinary 4. I think it’s always very good here 5. That is for me 6. That is very good 7. Yes, thank you 8. That for me, thank you 9. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 10. It’s always very beautiful here

1. Eso no es muy bueno para mí 2. Es muy bueno, gracias 3. Para mí, eso es absolutamente extraordinario 4. Para mí, es siempre muy bueno aquí 5. Eso es para mí 6. Eso es muy bueno 7. Sí, gracias 8. Eso para mí, gracias 9. No es fantástico pero es muy bueno 10. Es siempre muy precioso aquí

LESSON 4 1. That is for him 2. Everything is for me 3. That’s the restaurant 4. The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary 5. The restaurant is very good 6. Yes, everything is very good, thank you 7. The restaurant is here 8. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 9. It’s for her 10. I think the restaurant is fantastic

1. Eso es para él 2. Todo es para mí 3. Eso es el restaurante 4. El restaurante es absolutamente extraordinario 5. El restaurante es muy bueno 6. Sí, todo es muy bueno, gracias 7. El restaurante está aquí 8. Eso no es malo pero no es perfecto 9. Es para ella 10. Para mí, el restaurante es fantástico

LESSON 5 1. The chicken is for me 2. The paella is very good 3. The paella is for her 4. The chicken is absolutely delicious 5. The chicken is very good 6. The paella is perfect 7. The chicken is perfect 8. The chicken for him 9. The paella is delicious 10. The paella for me

1. El pollo es para mí 2. La paella es muy buena 3. La paella es para ella 4. El pollo es absolutamente delicioso 5. El pollo es muy bueno 6. La paella es perfecta 7. El pollo es perfecto 8. El pollo para él 9. La paella es deliciosa 10. La paella para mí

LESSON 6 1. My chicken is terrible 2. That is my paella 3. My chicken is here 4. Everybody is very nice 5. My chicken is very good 6. My hotel is here 7. The hotel isn’t very good 8. I think everybody is very nice 9. Everybody is here 10. My paella is delicious

1. Mi pollo es terrible 2. Eso es mi paella 3. Mi pollo está aquí 4. Todo el mundo es muy simpático 5. Mi pollo es muy bueno 6. Mi hotel está aquí 7. El hotel no es muy bueno 8. Para mí, todo el mundo es muy simpático 9. Todo el mundo está aquí 10. Mi paella es deliciosa

LESSON 7 1. A tea for him 2. I would like a table for five people, please 3. The paella for him, please 4. The chicken for me, please 5. I would like a table for four, please 6. A tea for her, please 7. A coffee for me 8. My coffee is terrible 9. A table for five people, please 10. I would like the chicken, please

1. Un té para él 2. Quiero una mesa para cinco personas, por favor 3. La paella para él, por favor 4. El pollo para mí, por favor 5. Quiero una mesa para cuatro, por favor 6. Un té para ella, por favor 7. Un café para mí 8. Mi café es terrible 9. Una mesa para cinco personas, por favor 10. Quiero el pollo, por favor

LESSON 8 1. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 2. The bananas are very good 3. The tea is for me and the coffee is for him 4. The food here is very good 5. My bananas are perfect 6. The paella is delicious 7. I think the food is perfect here 8. The food is always delicious here 9. Everybody is very nice and the food is delicious 10. My paella is perfect

1. Quiero un té para mí y un café para ella, por favor 2. Los plátanos son muy buenos 3. El té es para mí y el café es para él 4. La comida aquí es muy buena 5. Mis plátanos son perfectos 6. La paella es deliciosa 7. Para mí, la comida es perfecta aquí 8. La comida es siempre deliciosa aquí 9. Todo el mundo es muy simpático y la comida es deliciosa 10. Mi paella es perfecta

LESSON 9 1. Good day 2. Goodbye and goodnight 3. Good evening 4. Hello 5. Hello, I would like a table for three people, please 6. Good evening, I would like a table for two, please 7. Goodbye 8. Hello, I would like two teas and a coffee 9. Goodnight 10. Goodnight and goodbye

1. Buenos días 2. Adiós y buenas noches 3. Buenas tardes 4. Hola 5. Hola, quiero una mesa para tres personas, por favor 6. Buenas tardes, quiero una mesa para dos, por favor 7. Adiós 8. Hola, quiero dos tés y un café 9. Buenas noches 10. Buenas noches y adiós

LESSON 10 1. Excuse me, how much is the wine here? 2. Excuse me, how much is the bill? 3. How much is a bottle of water? 4. Excuse me 5. How much is the chicken? 6. I would like a bottle of water, please 7. The bill is for him 8. Excuse me, I would like a coffee, please 9. Excuse me, how much is my bill? 10. I would like two bottles of wine, please

1. Perdón, ¿cuánto es el vino aquí? 2. Perdón, ¿cuánto es la cuenta? 3. ¿Cuánto es una botella de agua? 4. Perdón 5. ¿Cuánto es el pollo? 6. Quiero una botella de agua, por favor 7. La cuenta es para él 8. Perdón, quiero un café, por favor 9. Perdón, ¿cuánto es mi cuenta? 10. Quiero dos botellas de vino, por favor

LESSON 11 1. May I try the wine? 2. I would like to pay for the wine, please 3. Can I pay for the coffee? 4. I would like to try the cheese 5. I would like to make a reservation here for three people, please 6. Can I pay, please? 7. I would like to pay the bill for him, please 8. Can I pay for the wine? 9. Can I try the cheese, please? 10. Can I make a reservation?

1. ¿Puedo probar el vino? 2. Quiero pagar el vino, por favor 3. ¿Puedo pagar los cafés? 4. Quiero probar el queso 5. Quiero hacer una reserva aquí para tres personas, por favor 6. ¿Puedo pagar, por favor? 7. Quiero pagar la cuenta para él, por favor 8. ¿Puedo pagar el vino? 9. ¿Puedo probar el queso, por favor? 10. ¿Puedo hacer una reserva?

LESSON 12 1. How much is it for nine days? 2. How much is it for four days? 3. I would like to hire a car 4. How much is it for one month? 5. Can I hire a car for three days, please? 6. The car is perfect 7. Can I hire a car for two weeks, please? 8. I would like to hire a car. How much is it? 9. The car is very good 10. I would like to hire two cars

1. ¿Cuánto es por nueve días? 2. ¿Cuánto es por cuatro días? 3. Quiero alquilar un coche 4. ¿Cuánto es por un mes? 5. ¿Puedo alquilar un coche por tres días, por favor? 6. El coche es perfecto 7. ¿Puedo alquilar un coche por dos semanas, por favor? 8. Quiero alquilar un coche. ¿Cuánto es? 9. El coche es muy bueno 10. Quiero alquilar dos coches

LESSON 13 1. It’s fifty euros 2. It’s ten euros 3. It’s eighty one euros 4. It’s fifty-two euros 5. It’s eighty cents 6. The wine is four euros 7. It’s thirty euros per month 8. It’s ten euros per bottle 9. It’s five hundred and fifty seven euros 10. It’s ten euros per person

1. Es cincuenta euros 2. Es diez euros 3. Es ochenta y un euros 4. Es cincuenta y dos euros 5. Es ochenta céntimos 6. El vino es cuatro euros 7. Es treinta euros por mes 8. Es diez euros por botella 9. Es quinientos cincuenta y siete euros 10. Es diez euros por persona

LESSON 14 1. My lunch is fantastic 2. The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here 3. The lunch here is extraordinary 4. The lunch here is delicious 5. What time is breakfast? 6. How much is breakfast? 7. What time is lunch? 8. The lunch here is terrible 9. My dinner is perfect 10. The dinner is always delicious here

1. Mi almuerzo es fantástico 2. El desayuno es absolutamente fantástico aquí 3. El almuerzo aquí es extraordinario 4. El almuerzo aquí es delicioso 5. ¿A qué hora es el desayuno? 6. ¿Cuánto es el desayuno? 7. ¿A qué hora es el desayuno? 8. ¿El almuerzo aquí es terrible? 9. Mi cena es perfecta 10. La cena es siempre deliciosa aquí

LESSON 15 1. It’s quarter to ten 2. It’s half past three 3. It’s half past ten 4. It’s at half past five 5. It’s nine o’clock 6. It’s at quarter past four 7. It’s quarter to eleven 8. Dinner is at eight o’clock 9. It’s quarter to nine 10. It’s at quarter to four

1. Son las diez menos cuarto 2. Son las tres y media 3. Son las diez y media 4. Es a las cinco y media 5. Son las nueve 6. Es a las cuatro y cuarto 7. Son las once menos cuarto 8. La cena es a las ocho 9. Son las nueve menos cuarto 10. Es a las cuatro menos cuarto

LESSON 16 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

I would like a taxi at quarter past two Pedro’s chicken is delicious The hotel’s address is 20 Calle de Zaragoza I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please What is the soup? I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please I would like a taxi at half past two I would like a taxi for eight people at five o’clock and the address is 18 Plaza Mayor 9. I would like a taxi at half past one 10. I would like a taxi at quarter to one

1. 2. 3. 4.

Quiero un taxi a las dos y cuarto El pollo de Pedro es delicioso La dirección del hotel es veinte Calle de Zaragoza Quiero un taxi para tres personas a las cuatro menos cuarto, por favor 5. ¿Cuál es la sopa? 6. Quiero un taxi a las cuatro, por favor 7. Quiero un taxi a las dos y media 8. Quiero un taxi para ocho personas a las cinco y la dirección es dieciocho Plaza Mayor 9. Quiero un taxi a la una y media 10. Quiero un taxi a la una menos cuarto

LESSON 17 1. At Cristina’s house 2. I would like to go to the beach 3. Can I go to the restaurant tonight? 4. I would like to go to Luca’s house 5. Can I go to María’s house? 6. I would like to go at four o’clock 7. I would like to go home at five o’clock 8. It’s at Pedro’s house 9. What time can I go to the supermarket? 10. What time can I go to Juan’s house?

1. A la casa de Cristina 2. Quiero ir a la playa 3. ¿Puedo ir al restaurante esta noche? 4. Quiero ir a la casa de Luca 5. ¿Puedo ir a la casa de María? 6. Quiero ir a las cuatro 7. Quiero ir a mi casa a las cinco 8. Está a la casa de Pedro 9. ¿A qué hora puedo ir al supermercado? 10. ¿A qué hora puedo ir a la casa de Juan?

LESSON 18 1. I would like a king-sized bed, please 2. I would like a room with a balcony 3. I would like a room with a bathtub, please 4. What time is breakfast tomorrow? 5. Also with a television, please 6. I would like a balcony 7. The key doesn’t work 8. How much is the breakfast? 9. The iron doesn’t work 10. Can I pay by card?

1. Quiero una cama de matrimonio, por favor 2. Quiero una habitación con un balcón 3. Quiero una habitación con un baño, por favor 4. ¿A qué hora es el desayuno mañana? 5. También con un televisor, por favor 6. Quiero un balcón 7. La llave no funciona 8. ¿Cuánto es el desayuno? 9. La plancha no funciona 10. ¿Puedo pagar con tarjeta?

LESSON 19 1. May I have some milk? 2. Do you have any apples? 3. May I have some raisins? 4. May I have a room for tonight, please? 5. It’s ninety euros for two nights 6. Do you have a map of Madrid? 7. Do you have a table for two people? 8. Do you have any butter? 9. Do you have any paella? 10. Do you have any ham?

1. ¿Puedo tomar leche? 2. ¿Tiene manzanas? 3. ¿Puedo tomar pasas? 4. ¿Puedo tener una habitación para esta noche, por favor? 5. Es noventa euros por dos noches 6. ¿Tiene una mapa de Madrid? 7. ¿Tiene una mesa para dos personas? 8. ¿Tiene mantequilla? 9. ¿Tiene paella? 10. ¿Tiene jamón?

LESSON 20 1. I would like to go to the butcher 2. It isn’t there, it’s here 3. Can I go to the underground? 4. How do I get to the hospital? 5. Everybody is always very nice there 6. Go straight on 7. How do I get to the bus station? 8. How do I get to the chemist’s? 9. Where is the chicken? 10. It’s straight on

1. Quiero ir a la carnicería 2. No está allí; está aquí 3. ¿Puedo ir al metro? 4. ¿Por dónde se va al hospital? 5. Todo el mundo es siempre muy simpático allí 6. Siga todo recto 7. ¿Por dónde se va a la estación de autobuses? 8. ¿Por dónde se va a la farmacia? 9. ¿Dónde está el pollo? 10. Está todo recto

LESSON 21 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Take the first road on the left and then the third road on the right Take the second road on the right and then go straight on Take the third road on the right Take the second road on the left and then turn right Take the third road on the right and then the first road on the left Take the second road on the right and then turn left Go straight on, take the third road on the left and then it’s on the right 8. Take the second road on the left and then the second road on the right 9. Turn left and it’s on the right 10. Go straight on and then turn left

1. Tome la primera calle a la izquierda y pues la tercera calle a la derecha 2. Tome la segunda calle a la derecha y pues siga todo recto 3. Tome la tercera calle a la derecha 4. Tome la segunda calle a la izquierda y pues gire a la derecha 5. Tome la tercera calle a la derecha y pues la primera calle a la izquierda 6. Tome la segunda calle a la derecha y pues gire a la izquierda 7. Siga todo recto, tome la tercera calle a la izquierda y pues está a la derecha 8. Tome la segunda calle a la izquierda y pues la segunda calle a la derecha 9. Gire a la izquierda y está a la derecha 10. Siga todo recto y pues gire a la izquierda

LESSON 22 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Go straight on and then take the third exit at the roundabout Before the cheese, can I have a dessert? Take the exit towards Barcelona Take the first exit at the roundabout At the roundabout, take the second exit After the restaurant, go straight on and then take the third road on the left 7. It’s there, towards the hotel 8. Go straight on and then take the first road on the right 9. At the roundabout, take the third exit 10. Go straight on and then take the second road on the right

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Siga todo recto y pues tome la tercera salida a la rotonda Antes del queso, ¿puedo tomar un postre? Tome la salida hacia Barcelona Tome la primera salida a la rotonda A la rotonda, tome la segunda salida Después del restaurante, siga todo recto y pues tome la tercera calle a la izquierda 7. Está allí, hacia el hotel 8. Siga todo recto y pues tome la primera calle a la derecha 9. A la rotonda, tome la tercera salida 10. Siga todo recto y pues tome la segunda calle a la derecha

LESSON 23 1. A bit too big 2. It isn’t very big 3. How much is a small car? 4. A bit less for her 5. A bit bigger 6. A bit too small 7. That’s a big car 8. A bit more 9. A bit less for him, please 10. I would like a smaller car, please

1. Un poco demasiado grande 2. No es muy grande 3. ¿Cuánto es un coche pequeño? 4. Un poco menos para ella 5. Un poco más grande 6. Un poco demasiado pequeño 7. Eso es un coche grande 8. Un poco más 9. Un poco menos para él, por favor 10. Quiero un coche más pequeño, por favor

LESSON 24 1. I would like a bag 2. How much is this coat? 3. This restaurant isn’t very good 4. Can I try this coat? 5. This hotel is perfect 6. Where is the trolley? 7. It’s absolutely beautiful but it’s too red for me 8. I would like the green shirt 9. Do you have a basket? 10. I think this hotel is good

1. Quiero una bolsa 2. ¿Cuánto es este abrigo? 3. Este restaurante no es muy grande 4. ¿Puedo probar este abrigo? 5. Este hotel es perfecto 6. ¿Dónde está el carrito? 7. Es absolutamente precioso pero es demasiado rojo para mí 8. Quiero la camisa verde 9. ¿Tiene una cesta? 10. Para mí, este hotel es bueno

LESSON 25 1. I like it in silver 2. I like it in plastic 3. I prefer the green coat but I like the red coat as well 4. I prefer the yellow coat 5. I like it in yellow 6. I like the red coat but I prefer the brown coat 7. I like the cheese but I prefer the wine 8. Can I have that in black? 9. I like it in dark blue but I prefer it in light blue 10. I like this restaurant

1. Me gusta de plata 2. Me gusta de plástico 3. Prefiero el abrigo verde pero me gusta el abrigo rojo también 4. Prefiero el abrigo amarillo 5. Me gusta en amarillo 6. Me gusta el abrigo rojo pero prefiero el abrigo marrón 7. Me gusta el queso pero prefiero el vino 8. ¿Puedo tener eso en negro? 9. Me gusta en azul oscuro pero lo prefiero en azul claro 10. Me gusta este restaurante

LESSON 26 1. Where is the bus station? 2. I would like two tickets, please 3. I would like a return ticket for Valencia 4. How much is a ticket? 5. A one-way ticket is five euros 6. Three one-way tickets for Barcelona 7. How much is it for two return tickets? 8. Where is the train station? 9. How much is a one-way ticket? 10. How much is a return ticket for Salamanca?

1. ¿Dónde está la estación de autobuses? 2. Quiero dos billetes, por favor 3. Quiero un billete de ida y vuelta para Valencia 4. ¿Cuánto es un billete? 5. Un billete de ida es cinco euros 6. Tres billetes de ida para Barcelona 7. ¿Cuánto es por dos billetes de ida y vuelta? 8. ¿Dónde está la estación de tren? 9. ¿Cuánto es un billete de ida? 10. ¿Cuánto es un billete de ida y vuelta para Salamanca?

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons twenty-five to twenty-six of my “3 Minute Spanish” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons twenty-seven to twenty-nine, and further books after that to continue building your Spanish language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

BUILDING STRUCTURES IN SPANISH STRUCTURE 1 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

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Hola y bienvenido (hello and welcome) to “Building Structures in Spanish: Structure 1”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The whole of the Spanish language is made up of a number of structures. I remember one weekend, I was writing some lessons for the week ahead, when I suddenly realised this. I noticed that there are a certain number of structures in Spanish, and that every sentence follows one of these structures. I spent the rest of the weekend working out that there are fifteen structures altogether, and I wrote them all down. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability to say a huge amount. Some structures are used more than others, and all fifteen structures together make up the whole Spanish language. Once you’ve learnt all the structures, all you have to do is insert different words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures also help to propel you to fluency; if you can manipulate the structures at high speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to thing about how to say it. This book can be used as both a reference book and as a workbook. As I said, each structure enables you to say a huge amount, so I’ve limited each book to one structure so as not to overburden you. By looking at just one structure at a time, you can really get to grips with it and understand its usage. It will help to clarify the Spanish language and make it more like a reflex rather than something you have to think everything through like it’s a maths equation. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like

spending hours studying Spanish, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen:

Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep Spanish fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with Spanish and it’ll turn into a chore.

More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success.

More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three

minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Contents STRUCTURE 1 USING STRUCTURE 1 EXTRA INFORMATION MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? CUÁL – WHICH ONE CUÁNTO – HOW MUCH MORE WORDS AS A NON-QUESTION RECAP STRUCTURE 1 OUTLINE TURNING IT ALL NEGATIVE

STRUCTURE 1 The whole of the Spanish language is made up of different structures of words. If you know the words and you know which order to put them in, you can speak the language! In the whole of the Spanish language, there are only fifteen different structures. So, let’s get on and learn the first one.

Structure one consists of just three parts, and here is an example of it in use:

¿Qué quiere comer? What do you want to eat?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its three components and given each component a name:

¿1Qué 2quiere 3comer? 1What 2do you want 3to eat? QUE

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

QUIERE

2

INFINITIVE CARRIER

DO YOU WANT

COMER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

So, those are the three components: a question word, an infinitive carrier and an infinitive. You may be wondering, “What on Earth is an infinitive and an infinitive carrier?”. Well, an infinitive is just a verb. A verb is a word you can put “to” in front of, for example: to eat, to drink, to speak, to smoke, to go, to be, to hear, to arrive, to leave… An infinitive carrier is any word you can put an infinitive on the end of. In English, we have things like “I would like”, “do you want” and “I’m going”, because you can put infinitives on the end of these: I would like to eat. I would like to drink. I would like to go. Do you want to leave? Do you want to call? Do you want to eat? I’m going to arrive. I’m going to go. I’m going to dance.

We can change any of the three parts in this structure. For example, instead of saying “Qué” at the start, which means “What”, we could change it to “Dónde”, meaning “Where”.

¿Qué quiere comer? What do you want to eat? So, the question would become:

¿Dónde quiere comer? Where do you want to eat? Or, we could change it to “Cuándo”, which means “When”.

¿Cuándo quiere comer? When do you want to eat? Did you notice how the rest of the structure stayed the same? The “quiere comer?” part didn’t alter at all just because you changed the question word at the start.

So, that’s three question words we could use at the start of structure one:

dónde where qué what cuándo when Let’s add a few more infinitives and infinitive carriers so we can really start to manipulate this structure…

USING STRUCTURE 1 Here’s a list of a few question words, a few infinitive carriers and quite a few infinitives. What we’re going to do is use this list of words to get used to structure 1 by making up some questions: Question words Dónde – Where Qué – What A qué hora – At what time Cuándo – When Cómo – How Infinitive carriers Puedo – Can I Quiere – Do you want Va a – Are you going Infinitives Comer – (To) eat* Beber – (To) drink Pedir – (To) order Probar – (To) try Pagar – (To) pay Hacer – (To) do / (To) make Alquilar – (To) hire Ir – (To) go Tomar – (To) take Tener – (To) have Cambiar – (To) change *The reason I’ve put the “to” in brackets on all of these words in the infinitive list is because sometimes we English we say the “to” but other times we miss it off. For example “What do you want to do?” but then “What can I do?”. In the first sentence, we say the word “to” but not in the second sentence.

So, what we can do with this first structure is start to build up questions using the three parts (question word – infinitive carrier – infinitive). Turn the page and see if you can say these questions in Spanish using the words in the list above:

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I pay?

Where can I pay? ¿Dónde puego pagar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? ¿Qué puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? ¿Dónde quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? ¿Qué quiere beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? ¿Qué va a pedir?

By building questions using structure one, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and the structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in Spanish. So, let’s do a few more:

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? ¿Qué va a hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? ¿Cómo quiere pagar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I try?

What can I try? ¿Qué puedo probar?

Now, so far, I’ve said that the first structure is made up of three parts. However, there is a fourth part, which I’ll call “Extra Information”. Read on…

EXTRA INFORMATION The fourth part of structure one is simply extra information such as nouns, adjectives, time words etc… We can add the extra information on to the end of the question to add… well…extra information. For example:

¿Qué quiere comer esta noche? What do you want to eat tonight? ¿Dónde quiere comer mañana? Where do you want to eat tomorrow? ¿Qué quiere hacer ahora? What do you want to do now?

We’ve had a few question words, a few “infinitive carriers” and quite a few “infinitives”, so here are some extra information words you can use: Extra information Mañana – Tomorrow Hoy – Today Esta noche – Tonight Ahora – Now Más tarde – Later A Madrid – To Madrid En Madrid – In Madrid Al restaurante – At the restaurant / To the restaurant El pollo – The chicken El abrigo rojo – The red coat Un billete – A ticket Para Pedro – For Pedro Aquí – Here

So, now you’re armed with some “Extra information” words, you can make your questions a little more adventurous. How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to do now?

What are you going to do now? ¿Qué va a hacer ahora?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to do for Pedro?

What are you going to do for Pedro? ¿Qué va a hacer para Pedro?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time do you want to eat later?

What time do you want to eat later? ¿A qué hora quiere comer más tarde?

MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 You can manipulate structure one in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don’t always have to stick all three parts together. Let’s see what happens when you don’t put the question word on.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you want to eat?

Do you want to eat? ¿Quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you want to eat here?

Do you want to eat here? ¿Quiere comer aquí?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Are you going to pay?

Are you going to pay? ¿Va a pagar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you want to pay the bill now?

Do you want to pay the bill now? ¿Quiere pagar la cuenta ahora?

Now let’s see what happens if you don’t put an infinitive on the end. How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want?

What do you want? ¿Qué quiere?

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? I said earlier on in the book that the word “infinitive” just means “verb”. However, it’s specifically the whole verb, which in English usually has the word ‘to’ in front of it (but not always). In Spanish, infinitives will always end in either the letters ‘er’, ‘ir’ or ‘ar’. So far, in Spanish, we’ve had… comer (to eat) beber (to drink) pedir (to order) probar (to try) pagar (to pay) hacer (to do/to make) alquilar (to hire) tomar (to take) tener (to have) cambiar (to change)

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? An infinitive carrier is basically a word or an expression that can be followed by an infinitive. I’ve only given you a few Spanish infinitive carriers so far: puedo (can I) va a (are you going) quiere (do you want) You can put any infinitive on the end of these infinitive carriers to make your question for structure 1. Are you going to eat? Are you going to drink? Are you going to pay? Are you going to go? Are you going to try? There are a few more infinitive carriers that you’ll meet in later lessons and they make life much easier.

WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? A question word doesn’t really need much explanation. It’s easier just to see what they are. So far, we’ve looked at five question words. There’s only a small number of question words altogether so what we’ll do it learn them all now: Question words Dónde – Where Qué – What A qué hora – At what time Cuándo – When Cómo – How Cuál – Which/Which one Por qué – Why Cuánto – How much Cuántos – How many Cuánto tiempo – How long (How much time) Quién – Who / Whom

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? ¿Qué quiere hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How do you want to pay the bill?

How do you want to pay the bill? ¿Cómo quiere pagar la cuenta?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one do you want?

Which one do you want? ¿Cuál quiere?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Why do you want to hire a car?

Why do you want to hire a car? ¿Por qué quiere alquilar un coche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? ¿Cuánto quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I hire a car?

Where can I hire a car? ¿Dónde puedo alquilar un coche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? ¿Cuándo quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? ¿A qué hora puedo ir?

CUÁL – WHICH ONE The question word “cuál” can change in Spanish depending on what it is referring to. Cuál – Which / Which one (singular) Cuáles – Which / Which ones (plural) You use “cuál” when you’re referring to singular nouns (when there’s only one of something). You use “cuáles” when you’re referring to plural nouns (when there’s more than one of something).

CUÁNTO – HOW MUCH The word “cuánto” has four versions in Spanish – masculine singular, masculine plural, feminine singular and feminine plural. In the singular, it can be used to mean “How much”, and in the plural, it can be used to mean “How many”. Cuánto (masculine singular) Cuántos (masculine plural) Cuánta (feminine singular) Cuántas (feminine plural) Have a look at some examples below:

¿Cuánto quiere? How much do you want? ¿Cuántos quiere? How many do you want? ¿Cuánto vino quiere? How much wine do you want? ¿Cuánta comida quiere? How much food do you want? ¿Cuántos plátanos quiere? How many bananas do you want?

¿Cuántas zanahorias quiere? How many carrots do you want? Seeing as you’ve had all the question words, let’s practise them a little.

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to eat?

What do you want to eat? ¿Qué quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? ¿Qué quiere beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to order?

What do you want to order? ¿Qué quiere pedir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to try?

What do you want to try? ¿Qué quiere probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? ¿Qué quiere hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to make?

What do you want to make? ¿Qué quiere hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to take?

What do you want to take? ¿Qué quiere tomar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to have?

What do you want to have? ¿Qué quiere tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What do you want to change?

What do you want to change? ¿Qué quiere cambiar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? ¿Dónde quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where do you want to drink?

Where do you want to drink? ¿Dónde quiere beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? ¿Cuándo quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When do you want to drink?

When do you want to drink? ¿Cuándo quiere beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When do you want to order?

When do you want to order? ¿Cuándo quiere pedir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? ¿Cómo quiere pagar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Why do you want to eat here?

Why do you want to eat here? ¿Por qué quiere comer aquí?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Why do you want to take the car?

Why do you want to take the car? ¿Por qué quiere tomar el coche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time do you want to eat?

What time do you want to eat? ¿A qué hora quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one do you want to try?

Which one do you want to try? ¿Cuál quiere probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one do you want to have?

Which one do you want to have? ¿Cuál quiere tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which ones do you want to try?

Which ones do you want to try? ¿Cuáles quiere probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which ones do you want to have?

Which ones do you want to have? ¿Cuáles quiere tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? ¿Cuánto quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much do you want to drink?

How much do you want to drink? ¿Cuánto quiere beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How many do you want to eat?

How many do you want to eat? ¿Cuántos quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much paella do you want to eat?

How much paella do you want to eat? ¿Cuánta paella quiere comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much wine do you want to drink?

How much wine do you want to drink? ¿Cuánto vino quiere beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to eat?

What are you going to eat? ¿Qué va a comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to drink?

What are you going to drink? ¿Qué va a beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? ¿Qué va a pedir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to try?

What are you going to try? ¿Qué va a probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? ¿Qué va a hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to make?

What are you going to make? ¿Qué va a hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to take?

What are you going to take? ¿Qué va a tomar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to have?

What are you going to have? ¿Qué va a tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to change?

What are you going to change? ¿Qué va a cambiar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are you going to eat?

Where are you going to eat? ¿Dónde va a comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are you going to drink?

Where are you going to drink? ¿Dónde va a beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When are you going to eat?

When are you going to eat? ¿Cuándo va a comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When are you going to drink?

When are you going to drink? ¿Cuándo va a beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When are you going to order?

When are you going to order? ¿Cuándo va a pedir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How are you going to pay?

How are you going to pay? ¿Cómo va a pagar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Why are you going to eat here?

Why are you going to eat here? ¿Por qué va a comer aquí?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Why are you going to take the car?

Why are you going to take the car? ¿Por qué va a tomar el coche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time are you going to eat?

What time are you going to eat? ¿A qué hora va a comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one are you going to try?

Which one are you going to try? ¿Cuál va a probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one are you going to have?

Which one are you going to have? ¿Cuál va a tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which ones are you going to try?

Which ones are you going to try? ¿Cuáles va a probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which ones are you going to have?

Which ones are you going to have? ¿Cuáles va a tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much are you going to eat?

How much are you going to eat? ¿Cuánto va a comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much are you going to drink?

How much are you going to drink? ¿Cuánto va a beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How many are you going to eat?

How many are you going to eat? ¿Cuántos va a comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much paella are you going to eat?

How much paella are you going to eat? ¿Cuánta paella va a comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much wine are you going to drink?

How much wine are you going to drink? ¿Cuánto vino va a beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? ¿Qué puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I drink?

What can I drink? ¿Qué puedo beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I try?

What can I try? ¿Qué puedo probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I order?

What can I order? ¿Qué puedo pedir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I do?

What can I do? ¿Qué puedo hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I make?

What can I make? ¿Qué puedo hacer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I take?

What can I take? ¿Qué puedo tomar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I have?

What can I have? ¿Qué puedo tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I change?

What can I change? ¿Qué puedo cambiar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I eat?

Where can I eat? ¿Dónde puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I drink?

Where can I drink? ¿Dónde puedo beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When can I eat?

When can I eat? ¿Cuándo puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When can I order?

When can I order? ¿Cuándo puedo pedir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time can I eat?

What time can I eat? ¿A qué hora puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one can I try?

Which one can I try? ¿Cuál puedo probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one can I have?

Which one can I have? ¿Cuál puedo tener?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much can I eat?

How much can I eat? ¿Cuánto puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much can I drink?

How much can I drink? ¿Cuánto puedo beber?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How many can I eat?

How many can I eat? ¿Cuántos puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much paella can I eat?

How much paella can I eat? ¿Cuánta paella puedo comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

How much wine can I drink?

How much wine can I drink? ¿Cuánto vino puedo beber?

MORE WORDS Seeing as we’ve now learnt all the question words, we may as well learn a few more infinitive carriers and infinitives. Then we can start making up questions for Structure 1 to our heart’s content! Question words Dónde – Where Qué – What A qué hora – At what time Cuándo – When Cómo – How Cuál – Which/Which one Por qué – Why Cuánto – How much Cuántos – How many Cuánto tiempo – How long (How much time) Quién – Who / Whom Infinitive carriers Puedo – Can I Puede – Can you Quiere – Do you want Va a – Are you going Debo – Do I have to / Must I Debe – Do you have to / Must you Infinitives Comer – (To) eat Beber – (To) drink Pedir – (To) order Probar – (To) try Pagar – (To) pay Hacer – (To) do / To make Alquilar – (To) hire Ir – (To) go

Tomar – (To) take Tener – (To) have Cambiar – (To) change Comprar – (To) buy Comenzar – (To) start Ser – (To) be Estar – (To) be Salir – (To) leave / (To) go out Traer – (To) bring Gastar – (To) spend (money) Pasar – (To) spend (time) Ver – (To) see Llamar – (To) call Quedar – (To) stay Encontrar – (To) find Decir – (To) tell / (To) say

How would you say this in Spanish?

When do you want to leave?

When do you want to leave? ¿Cuándo quiere salir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Whom are you going to see?

Whom are you going to see? ¿Quién va a ver?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can I bring?

What can I bring? ¿Qué puedo traer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where are you going to stay tonight?

Where are you going to stay tonight? ¿Dónde va a quedar esta noche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Whom can I call?

Whom can I call? ¿Quién puedo llamar?

AS A NON-QUESTION So far, we’ve only looked at structure 1 in a question format. However, you can also use it in a non-question. Let’s just start this chapter with a quick recap of the structure in the question form.

Structure one in the question format consists of just three parts:

¿Qué quiere comer? What do you want to eat?

¿1Qué 2quiere 3comer? 1What 2do you want 3to eat? QUE

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

QUIERE

2

INFINITIVE CARRIER

DO YOU WANT

COMER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Remember, we said you could add the optional fourth part, the “extra information”.

¿1Qué 2quiere 3comer 4esta noche? 1What 2do you want 3to eat 4tonight? 2 4 QUIERE ESTA QUE 3 INFINITIVE COMER NOCHE QUESTION CARRIER INFINITIVE EXTRA WORD DO YOU TO EAT INFORMATION WHAT WANT TONIGHT 1

To use this structure when you’re not asking a question is quite simple; you just take the question marks away and get rid of the question word. The infinitive carriers change in English but they stay the same in Spanish. Let me show you what I mean.

Let’s compare a question and a non-question in the structure 1 format.

¿Qué puedo comer? What can I eat? Puedo comer más tarde. I can eat later. So, the word “puedo” means “can I” when it’s in a question, and “I can” when it’s in a non-question. You can put any infinitive on the end of “puedo”:

puedo comer I can eat puedo ver a Pedro I can see Pedro puedo ir mañana I can go tomorrow

Below are two lists. Firstly are the infinitive carriers as you’ve already learnt them, and below them are the infinitive carriers with their meanings as a non-question in English. Question infinitive carriers Puedo – Can I Puede – Can you Quiere – Do you want Va a – Are you going Debo – Do I have to / Must I Debe – Do you have to / Must you Non-question infinitive carriers Puedo – I can Puede – you can Quiere – you want Va a – you are going Debo – I have to / I must Debe – you have to / you must A couple of extras you can use

Quiero – I want Voy a – I’m going

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy something here for Pedro.

You can buy something here for Pedro. Puede comprar algo aquí para Pedro.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Puede comprarlo más tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can see it.

I can see it. Puedo verlo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can buy something here.

I can buy something here. Puedo comprar algo aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy something at the supermarket.

You can buy something at the supermarket. Puede comprar algo al supermercado.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can buy some cheese.

I can buy some cheese. Puedo comprar queso.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can buy something for my mum here.

I can buy something for my mum here. Puedo comprar algo para mi madre aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You’re going to be tired tomorrow.

You’re going to be tired tomorrow. Va a estar cansado mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I have to be there soon.

I have to be there soon. Debo estar allí pronto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can bring it for Pedro.

You can bring it for Pedro. Puede traerlo para Pedro.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Puede comprarlo más tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I must say something.

I must say something. Debo decir algo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can bring it for Juan.

I can bring it for Juan. Puedo traerlo para Juan.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I have to start soon.

I have to start soon. Debo comenzar pronto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can eat something at the restaurant.

You can eat something at the restaurant. Puede comer algo al restaurante.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I have to leave tomorrow.

I have to leave tomorrow. Debo salir mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy something in Madrid.

You can buy something in Madrid. Puede comprar algo en Madrid.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You’re going to be there soon.

You’re going to be there soon. Va a estar allí pronto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You must go now.

You must go now. Debe ir ahora.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You have to leave tomorrow.

You have to leave tomorrow. Debe salir mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy it tomorrow.

You can buy it tomorrow. Puede comprarlo mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You must say something.

You must say something. Debe decir algo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can bring it with you.

You can bring it with you. Puede traerlo con usted.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I want to eat something.

I want to eat something. Quiero comer algo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Va a gastar demasiado dinero.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I must find the hotel.

I must find the hotel. Debo encontrar el hotel.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I’m going to change it now.

I’m going to change it now. Voy a cambiarlo ahora.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You’re going to buy too much.

You’re going to buy too much. Va a comprar demasiado.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I want to buy something here.

I want to buy something here. Quiero comprar algo aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy it in Barcelona.

You can buy it in Barcelona. Puede comprarlo en Barcelona.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You must drink something.

You must drink something. Debe beber algo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can bring it tomorrow.

I can bring it tomorrow. Puedo traerlo mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy something for María.

You can buy something for María. Puede comprar algo para María.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can buy it today.

I can buy it today. Puedo comprarlo hoy.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can buy it later.

I can buy it later. Puedo comprarlo más tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can buy it tomorrow.

I can buy it tomorrow. Puedo comprarlo mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I want to see Valencia tomorrow.

I want to see Valencia tomorrow. Quiero ver Valencia mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You have to call Miguel.

You have to call Miguel. Debe llamar a Miguel.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I’m going to call Miguel tomorrow.

I’m going to call Miguel tomorrow. Voy a llamar a Miguel mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I want to spend three weeks there.

I want to spend three weeks there. Quiero pasar tres semanas allí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I’m going to order the chicken for Pablo.

I’m going to order the chicken for Pablo. Voy a pedir el pollo para Pablo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I must change the reservation.

I must change the reservation. Debo cambiar la reserva.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I must go now.

I must go now. Debo ir ahora.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You must eat something.

You must eat something. Debe comer algo.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy something here.

You can buy something here. Puede comprar algo aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I’m going to do it later.

I’m going to do it later. Voy a hacerlo más tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You have to be in Madrid tomorrow.

You have to be in Madrid tomorrow. Debe estar en Madrid mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You have to start soon.

You have to start soon. Debe comenzar pronto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy something at the hotel.

You can buy something at the hotel. Puede comprar algo al hotel.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can bring it for Diego.

You can bring it for Diego. Puede traerlo para Diego.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You must change it now.

You must change it now. Debe cambiarlo ahora.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I have to call Pedro.

I have to call Pedro. Debo llamar a Pedro.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I have to be in Segovia tomorrow.

I have to be in Segovia tomorrow. Debo estar en Segovia mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You have to be there soon.

You have to be there soon. Debe estar allí pronto.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I’m going to buy it today.

I’m going to buy it today. Voy a comprarlo hoy.

So, there you have it, the first Spanish structure in a non-question form:

Puede comer aquí. You can eat here.

1

PUEDE

Puede 2comer 3aquí. 1You can 2eat 3here.

1

2

INFINITIVE CARRIER

INFINITIVE

YOU CAN

COMER EAT

AQUÍ

3

EXTRA INFORMATION

HERE

RECAP Here’s a quick recap of all the question words, all the infinitive carriers (question and non-question format), all the infinitives and all the extra information we’ve learnt in this book. Question words Dónde – Where Qué – What A qué hora – At what time Cuándo – When Cómo – How Cuál – Which/Which one Por qué – Why Cuánto – How much Cuántos – How many Cuánto tiempo – How long (How much time) Quién – Who / Whom Infinitive carriers (question form) Puedo – Can I Puede – Can you Quiere – Do you want Va a – Are you going Debo – Do I have to / Must I Debe – Do you have to / Must you Infinitive carriers (non-question form) Puedo – I can Puede – you can Quiere – you want Va a – you are going Debo – I have to / I must Debe – you have to / you must Quiero – I want Voy a – I’m going

Infinitives Comer – (To) eat Beber – (To) drink Pedir – (To) order Probar – (To) try Pagar – (To) pay Hacer – (To) do / To make Alquilar – (To) hire Ir – (To) go Tomar – (To) take Tener – (To) have Cambiar – (To) change Comprar – (To) buy Comenzar – (To) start Ser – (To) be Estar – (To) be Salir – (To) leave / (To) go out Traer – (To) bring Gastar – (To) spend (money) Pasar – (To) spend (time) Ver – (To) see Llamar – (To) call Quedar – (To) stay Encontrar – (To) find Decir – (To) say / (To) tell Extra information Mañana – Tomorrow Hoy – Today Esta noche – Tonight Ahora – Now Más tarde – Later A Madrid – To Madrid En Madrid – In Madrid Al restaurante – At the restaurant / To the restaurant El pollo – The chicken

El abrigo rojo – The red coat Un billete – A ticket Para Pedro – For Pedro Aquí – Here

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to bring?

What are you going to bring? ¿Qué va a traer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can you eat?

What can you eat? ¿Qué puede comer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Va a gastar demasiado dinero.

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can you see?

What can you see? ¿Qué puede ver?

How would you say this in Spanish?

When can I go out?

When can I go out? ¿Cuándo puedo salir?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can bring some wine for Pedro tomorrow.

I can bring some wine for Pedro tomorrow. Puedo traer vino para Pedro mañana.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight? ¿Puedo comer al hotel esta noche?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can you call María at quarter past four?

Can you call María at quarter past four? ¿Puede llamar a María a las cuatro y cuarto?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I pay the bill?

Can I pay the bill? ¿Puedo pagar la cuenta?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Where can I find it?

Where can I find it? ¿Dónde puedo encontrarlo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What time do you want to start?

What time do you want to start? ¿A qué hora quiere comenzar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which ones do you want to try?

Which ones do you want to try? ¿Cuáles quiere probar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

What are you going to do tomorrow? ¿Qué va a hacer mañana?

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Puede comprarlo más tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Can I go out later?

Can I go out later? ¿Puedo salir más tarde?

How would you say this in Spanish?

I want to go out later.

I want to go out later. Quiero salir más tarde.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you want to see it?

Do you want to see it? ¿Quiere verlo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Do you want to try it?

Do you want to try it? ¿Quiere probarlo?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Which one do you want to hire?

Which one do you want to hire? ¿Cuál quiere alquilar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Whom do you want to see in Madrid?

Whom do you want to see in Madrid? ¿Quién quiere ver en Madrid?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Whom do you have to see in Madrid?

Whom do you have to see in Madrid? ¿Quién debe ver en Madrid?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Whom are you going to see in Madrid?

Whom are you going to see in Madrid? ¿Quién va a ver en Madrid?

STRUCTURE 1 OUTLINE

TURNING IT ALL NEGATIVE There’s one more useful thing that you can do to this structure quite easily: make it negative. You can change the infinitive carriers from positive to negative quite easily:

Why are you going to Madrid? Why aren’t you going to Madrid? Can I go with you? Why can’t I go with you? When can you do it? When can’t you do it? In English, it’s simply a matter of putting a little “n’t” after the verb. Well, it’s just as simple in Spanish. All you have to do to turn the infinitive carriers negative is put a ‘no’ in front of it.

For example:

Quiere? – Do you want? No quiere? – Don’t you want? You can do this with any of the infinitive carriers in the question form. Have a look below: Infinitive carriers (negative question form) No puedo – Can’t I No puede – Can’t you No quiere – Don’t you want No va a – Aren’t you going No debo – Don’t I have to No debe – Don’t you have to Let’s have a quick practise with these.

How would you say this in Spanish?

Why can’t I go with you?

Why can’t I go with you? ¿Por qué no puedo ir con usted?

How would you say this in Spanish?

What can’t you bring?

What can’t you bring? ¿Qué no puede traer?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Aren’t you going to buy something for María?

Aren’t you going to buy something for María? ¿No va a comprar algo para María?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Whom can’t I call?

Whom can’t I call? ¿Quién no puedo llamar?

How would you say this in Spanish?

Why can’t you do it later?

Why can’t you do it later? ¿Por qué no puede hacerlo más tarde?

You can also turn the non-question infinitive carriers negative in the exact same way as the question infinitives. You just put a ‘no’ in front of them.

Puedo – I can No puedo – I can’t You can do this with any of the infinitive carriers in the non-question form. Have a look below: Infinitive carriers (negative non-question form) No puedo – I can’t No puede – you can’t No quiere – you don’t want No va a – you are not going No debo – I must not No debe – you must not No quiero – I don’t want No voy a – I’m not going Let’s have a quick practice with these.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I can’t do it today.

I can’t do it today. No puedo hacerlo hoy.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You can’t eat the chocolate.

You can’t eat the chocolate. No puede comer el chocolate.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I must not spend too much money.

I must not spend too much money. No debo gastar demasiado dinero.

How would you say this in Spanish?

You must not call Pedro.

You must not call Pedro. No debe llamar a Pedro.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I don’t want to eat here.

I don’t want to eat here. No quiero comer aquí.

How would you say this in Spanish?

I’m not going to hire it; I’m going to buy it.

I’m not going to hire it; I’m going to buy it. No voy a alquilarlo; voy a comprarlo.

And don’t forget that you can use this structure in four different ways:

Positive question ¿A qué hora va a comer? What time are you going to eat?

Positive non-question Va a comer a las tres. You’re going to eat at 3 o’clock.

Negative question ¿Por qué no va a comer? Why aren’t you going to eat?

Negative non-question No va a comer eso. You’re not going to eat that.

Gracias Before you go, I’d like to say “gracias” for buying this book. There are lots of Spanish books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book dealt with Structure 1 of the Spanish language. If you’d like to learn more, you can download the book for Structure 2 where you’ll learn about the next structure and how to use it. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club/udemy You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare:

3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses:

French - Verbs 1 Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 Or you can visit my website to find a full list of all the courses on Udemy: www.3minute.club/udemy Thank you again, ¡gracias y hasta luego!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 1–9 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2022 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website to find video versions of all my courses. If you use the discount code WELCOME, you can get them at the lowest price available: http://3minutelanguages.teachable.com/ You can also visit my blog where I’ve written lots of articles full of hints and tips to improve your language learning: https://www.3minute.club/blog Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book are based on the methodology I developed for teaching languages, which I use in all my classes and courses. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo!

No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 1 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 LESSON 4 LESSON 5 LESSON 6 LESSON 7 LESSON 8 LESSON 9 Au restaurant (at the restaurant) Les nombres (numbers) Merci

LESSON 1 “French in three minutes?” I hear you cry suspiciously. Yes, this book is intricately designed to get you speaking French quickly and easily. I’ve created this book for the complete beginner who only has a few minutes to spare each day. I’ve set out each lesson so that they can be completed in short bursts, whenever you find yourself with a moment of freedom. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like spending hours studying French, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue. However, your motivation won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen…

1. You’ll maintain your enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep French fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with French and it’ll turn into a chore.

2. You’ll study more consistently It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute

habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner, and consistency is the key to success.

3. You’ll remember things better This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Here’s your first word in French:

bon It means “good” You pronounce it “bon(g)” I’ve put the ‘g’ in brackets because you say this word like the word “bong” but without the ‘g’ on the end. You can’t even really hear the ‘n’ either.

Here’s your next word:

c’est It means “it is” You pronounce it “seh”

How would you say this in French?

It is good.

It is good. C’est bon.

You’ll start to notice similarities between French and English words:

fantastique It means “fantastic” You pronounce it “fon-tass-TEEK”

WORD LIST SO FAR bon - good c’est - it is fantastique - fantastic

How would you say this in French?

It is fantastic.

It is fantastic. C’est fantastique.

Here’s another word that looks similar to English:

absolument It means “absolutely” You pronounce it “ab-soh-loo-MON(g)”

WORD LIST SO FAR bon - good c’est - it is fantastique - fantastic absolument - absolutely

How would you say this in French?

It is absolutely fantastic.

It is absolutely fantastic. C’est absolument fantastique.

WORD LIST SO FAR bon - good c’est - it is fantastique - fantastic absolument - absolutely

Here’s a cute little French word:

ici It means “here” You pronounce it “issEEY”

How would you say this in French?

It is here.

It is here. C’est ici.

How would you say this in French?

It is good here.

It is good here. C’est bon ici.

How would you say this in French?

It is fantastic here.

It is fantastic here. C’est fantastique ici.

How would you say this in French?

It is absolutely fantastic here.

It is absolutely fantastic here. C’est absolument fantastique ici.

Here’s a word you might recognize if you’ve learnt any French before:

très It means “very” You pronounce it “treh”

WORD LIST SO FAR bon - good c’est - it is fantastique - fantastic absolument – absolutely ici – here très - very

How would you say this in French?

It is very good.

It is very good. C’est très bon.

How would you say this in French?

It is very good here.

It is very good here. C’est très bon ici.

très You might be wondering what that little line is on top of the è in très. It’s called an accent. Don’t worry about it for the time being; we’ll look at it in detail in a later lesson. Just remember to write it on in the word “très”.

The word “c’est” means “it is”, well, here’s the opposite:

ce n’est pas It means “it isn’t” You pronounce it “seugh neh PAH”

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t here.

It isn’t here. Ce n’est pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t good.

It isn’t good. Ce n’est pas bon.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t very good.

It isn’t very good. Ce n’est pas très bon.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t fantastic.

It isn’t fantastic. Ce n’est pas fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t very good here.

It isn’t very good here. Ce n’est pas très bon ici.

WORD LIST SO FAR bon - good c’est - it is fantastique - fantastic absolument – absolutely ici – here très - very ce n’est pas – it isn’t

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in French now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations.

I’ve put some sentences in English below. Try and work out how to say them in French, and then check to see if you got it right by checking the answers on the next page. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s good It’s absolutely fantastic here It’s good here It is very good It isn’t good here It isn’t good; it’s fantastic It’s fantastic It’s fantastic here It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic It’s very good here

1. C’est bon 2. C’est absolument fantastique ici 3. C’est bon ici 4. C’est très bon 5. Ce n’est pas bon ici 6. Ce n’est pas bon; c’est fantastique 7. C’est fantastique 8. C’est fantastique ici 9. Ce n’est pas bon ici; c’est absolument fantastique 10. C’est très bon ici

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Try and work out what these French sentences mean in English, then check the answers on the next page to see if you were correct. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ce n’est pas très bon C’est très bon Ce n’est pas ici C’est absolument fantastique ici Ce n’est pas très bon ici C’est bon C’est ici Ce n’est pas bon ici C’est bon ici Ce n’est pas bon; c’est absolument fantastique

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t very good It’s very good It isn’t here It’s absolutely fantastic here It isn’t very good here It’s good It’s here It isn’t good here It’s good here It isn’t good; it’s absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap the words we’ve learnt in this lesson. How did you say these words in French? it is absolutely fantastic good here very it isn’t

it is

c’est

absolutely

absolument

fantastic

fantastique

good

bon

here

ici

very

très

it isn’t

ce n’est pas

What else? There is plenty you can do to ensure the language stays firmly in your brain and doesn't disappear. You can play about with building sentences from the words you've learnt so far. Whenever you find yourself with a spare 30 seconds, think of something you can say in French. Saying short sentences to yourself in French throughout the day keeps the language at the forefront of your mind. Also, from time to time, there will be a word or two (or maybe three) that just will not stay in your memory no matter how hard you try. What you should do to overcome this is write the word down in English in big letters in the middle of a blank piece of paper. Put the piece of paper in your pocket and take it out a few times each day. Whenever you take it out, look at the English word and say the French word to yourself along with a French sentence that contains this word. The first few times, you might struggle to think of what the French word is and you’ll have to double check. However, pretty quickly, you’ll remember the French without having to check. You'll be amazed at how well this technique works. Finally, before I end this first lesson, I'll just give you some information on what it means to learn a language. Memorising lots of words isn't what it means to learn a language. It's a start but it isn't going to get you very far. What you need to be able to do is put those words together to get your thoughts and ideas across to somebody else. Each time you learn a new word, think to yourself, “Where could I use this?” Make up a sentence and think about where you could say it. “C'est très bon” - you could say this to a waiter in a restaurant when he asks you how your meal is. By doing this, you're giving the words relevance in your life. You’ll remember things much more easily if you can see where they’re going to be useful. Also, by building sentences, you're subconsciously creating a list of things to say so that you'll never be lost for words.

Even when you're in France you can do this. Before entering a restaurant, for example, have a quick think about what you could say to the waiter when you go inside. This helps to build your confidence and stops you from having to think on the spot. You’ll be more likely to speak if you have already prepared something to say.

LESSON 2 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? absolutely it isn’t good fantastic very it is here If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in French for this lesson:

délicieux It means “delicious” You pronounce it “deh-liss-YEUGH”

très délicieux Did you notice there’s another one of those accents on top of the é in délicieux? It’s similar to the one we saw in très but it’s facing the other way round. The accent in “très” is called a grave accent and the accent in “délicieux” is called an acute accent. It doesn’t really make much difference what they’re called but I always think it’s nice to know. The accents don’t really do a lot. There’s a tiny tiny tiny difference between how you pronounce each one but it’s so minor, it’s hardly worth bothering about. However, I’ll show you, just so you know:

è The letter è with a grave accent should be pronounced like the e sound in the English word ‘fed’

é The letter é with an acute accent should be pronounced like the vowel sound in the English word ‘pay’ but without the ‘y’ sound.

How would you say this in French?

It is delicious.

It is delicious. C’est délicieux.

Here’s your next word in French:

extraordinaire It means “extraordinary” You pronounce it “extra-or-dee-NAIR”

WORD LIST SO FAR délicieux - delicious extraordinaire - extraordinary

How would you say this in French?

It is extraordinary.

It is extraordinary. C’est extraordinaire.

How would you say this in French?

It is absolutely extraordinary.

It is absolutely extraordinary. C’est absolument extraordinaire.

How would you say this in French?

It is absolutely extraordinary here.

It is absolutely extraordinary here. C’est absolument extraordinaire ici.

Here’s a beautiful little word in French:

beau It means “beautiful” You pronounce it “bow”

WORD LIST SO FAR délicieux - delicious extraordinaire - extraordinary beau - beautiful

How would you say this in French?

It is beautiful.

It is beautiful. C’est beau.

How would you say this in French?

It is very beautiful.

It is very beautiful. C’est très beau.

How would you say this in French?

It is very beautiful here.

It is very beautiful here. C’est très beau ici.

How would you say this in French?

It is absolutely beautiful here.

It is absolutely beautiful here. C’est absolument beau ici.

Here’s a useful phrase in French:

pour moi It means “for me” You pronounce it “pour MWAH”

WORD LIST SO FAR délicieux - delicious extraordinaire - extraordinary beau - beautiful pour moi – for me

How would you say this in French?

It is for me.

It is for me. C’est pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t for me.

It isn’t for me. Ce n’est pas pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t good for me.

It isn’t good for me. Ce n’est pas bon pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t very good for me.

It isn’t very good for me. Ce n’est pas très bon pour moi.

The phrase “pour moi” actually has two meanings in French. We’ve seen it can mean “for me” but, if you put “pour moi” at the start of a sentence in French, it can mean “in my opinion” or “I think”:

pour moi It means “in my opinion” or “I think” You pronounce it “pour mwa”

WORD LIST SO FAR délicieux - delicious extraordinaire - extraordinary beau - beautiful pour moi – for me pour moi – I think / in my opinion

How would you say this in French?

I think it is good.

I think it’s good. Pour moi, c’est bon.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s very good.

I think it’s very good. Pour moi, c’est très bon.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s delicious.

I think it’s delicious. Pour moi, c’est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here.

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here. Pour moi, c’est absolument extraordinaire ici.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s fantastic here.

I think it’s fantastic here. Pour moi, c’est fantastique ici.

Now we’ve added quite a few new words to our French repertoire, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. How do you say these sentences in French? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s very beautiful here It’s absolutely beautiful I think it’s very good It’s absolutely extraordinary here It isn’t for me It isn’t very good for me It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary It’s absolutely delicious I think it’s delicious I think it’s fantastic

1. C’est très beau ici 2. C’est absolument beau 3. Pour moi, c’est très bon 4. C’est absolument extraordinaire ici 5. Ce n’est pas pour moi 6. Ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 7. Ce n’est pas bon; c’est absolument extraordinaire 8. C’est absolument délicieux 9. Pour moi, c’est délicieux 10. Pour moi, c’est fantastique

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C’est extraordinaire C’est absolument beau Pour moi, c’est absolument beau ici Pour moi, c’est bon C’est très bon pour moi Ce n’est pas pour moi C’est délicieux Pour moi, c’est délicieux C’est absolument beau ici Ce n’est pas très beau

1. It’s extraordinary 2. It’s absolutely beautiful 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. I think it’s good 5. It’s very good for me 6. It isn’t for me 7. It’s delicious 8. I think it’s delicious 9. It’s absolutely beautiful here 10. It isn’t very beautiful

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t very good It isn’t good here It’s absolutely fantastic here It’s fantastic It’s good here It’s here It’s fantastic here It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic It isn’t very good here It’s very good

1. Ce n’est pas très bon 2. Ce n’est pas bon ici 3. C’est absolument fantastique ici 4. C’est fantastique 5. C’est bon ici 6. C’est ici 7. C’est fantastique ici 8. Ce n’est pas bon ici; c’est absolument fantastique 9. Ce n’est pas très bon ici 10. C’est très bon

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. 1. Ce n’est pas bon ici 2. Ce n’est pas très bon 3. C’est ici 4. C’est fantastique ici 5. Ce n’est pas bon ici; c’est absolument fantastique 6. C’est absolument fantastique ici 7. Ce n’est pas fantastique 8. C’est bon ici 9. C’est bon 10. C’est fantastique

1. It isn’t good here 2. It isn’t very good 3. It’s here 4. It’s fantastic here 5. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 6. It’s absolutely fantastic here 7. It isn’t fantastic 8. It’s good here 9. It’s good 10. It’s fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

it is here fantastic delicious it isn’t good very extraordinary I think beautiful for me absolutely

1. c’est 2. ici 3. fantastique 4. délicieux 5. ce n’est pas 6. bon 7. très 8. extraordinaire 9. pour moi 10. beau 11. pour moi 12. absolument

LESSON 3 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? for me I think delicious extraordinary beautiful If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in French for this lesson:

mais It means “but” You pronounce it “meh”

mais You pronounce the word “mais” like “may” but it ends in the letter ‘s’. Well, there’s a funny thing about consonants in French, you rarely ever pronounce them when they’re on the end of a word. The only consonants you pronounce on the end of words in French are C, R, F and L. You can remember them because they appear in the word CAREFUL CaReFuL For example: sac “sak” (bag) pour “pour” (for) boeuf “beuf” (beef) normal “noor-mal” (normal)

How would you say this in French?

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me.

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me. C’est délicieux mais ce n’est pas très bon pour moi.

Here’s your next word in French:

oui It means “yes” You pronounce it “wee”

WORD LIST SO FAR mais - but oui - yes

How would you say this in French?

Yes, it’s for me.

Yes, it’s for me. Oui, c’est pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious.

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious. Oui, c’est absolument délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

Yes, I think it’s good.

Yes, I think it’s good. Oui, pour moi, c’est bon.

Here’s a common yet useful word in French:

merci It means “thank you” or “thanks” You pronounce it “mair-SEE”

WORD LIST SO FAR mais - but oui - yes merci – thank you / thanks

How would you say this in French?

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious.

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious. Oui, merci, c’est délicieux.

WORD LIST SO FAR mais - but oui - yes merci – thank you / thanks

How would you say this in French?

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic.

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic. Oui, merci, c’est fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very good, thanks.

It’s very good, thanks. C’est très bon, merci.

How would you say this in French?

Yes, it is for me, thank you.

Yes, it is for me, thank you. Oui, c’est pour moi, merci.

Here’s a new word for you:

toujours It means “always” You pronounce it “too-JOOR”

WORD LIST SO FAR mais - but oui - yes merci – thank you / thanks toujours – always

How would you say this in French?

It is always fantastic here.

It is always fantastic here. C’est toujours fantastique ici.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t always very good here.

It isn’t always very good here. Ce n’est pas toujours très bon ici.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s always beautiful here.

I think it’s always beautiful here. Pour moi, c’est toujours beau ici.

How would you say this in French?

It’s always absolutely delicious.

It’s always absolutely delicious. C’est toujours absolument délicieux.

Here’s a perfect little word in French:

parfait It means “perfect” You pronounce it “par-FEH”

WORD LIST SO FAR mais - but oui - yes merci – thank you / thanks toujours – always parfait – perfect

How would you say this in French?

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you.

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you. Oui, c’est parfait, merci.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s perfect.

I think it’s perfect. Pour moi, c’est parfait.

How would you say this in French?

It’s absolutely perfect.

It’s absolutely perfect. C’est absolument parfait.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s absolutely perfect here.

I think it’s absolutely perfect here. Pour moi, c’est absolument parfait ici.

How would you say this in French?

It’s always perfect here.

It’s always perfect here. C’est toujours parfait ici.

Here’s a tiny word in French with a funny thing on it:

ça It means “that” You pronounce it “ssah”

WORD LIST SO FAR mais - but oui - yes merci – thank you / thanks toujours – always parfait – perfect ça– that

How would you say this in French?

That for me.

That for me. Ça pour moi.

ça The little squiggle underneath the letter ç is called a cedilla and all it does is tell you to pronounce the c like the letter s. That’s why ça is pronounced like sa. Actually, whilst we’re on the topic of the letter c, there are a few more interesting things to say. The letter C can be pronounced in two ways in French, like a K or like an S. The way you pronounce it depends on what letter comes after it. Turn the page and I’ll explain.

C+E/I=S If you see the letter C in front of an E or an I, then you pronounce it like an S For example: c’est – it is (pronounced “say”) cinéma – cinema (pronounced “sin-ay-ma”)

C+A/O/U=K If you see the letter C in front of an A, O or a U, then you pronounce it like aK For example: café – coffee (pronounced “ka-fay”) concombre – cucumber (pronounced “kon-kom-br”) curiosité – curiosity (pronounced “ku-ree-oss-itay”)

Ç If you see the letter Ç with the cedilla, you always pronounce it like an S For example: ça– that (pronounced “ssa”) garçon – boy (pronounced “gar-sson”) façade – front (pronounced “fa-ssad”)

If you put the word “ça” in front of the word “c’est” you get:

ça c’est It means “that is” You pronounce it “ssah seh” Literally, it means “that it is” but that’s what you have to say in French

WORD LIST SO FAR mais - but oui - yes merci – thank you / thanks toujours – always parfait – perfect ça – that ça c’est – that is

How would you say this in French?

That is good.

That is good. Ça c’est bon.

ça c’est You might be thinking that “that is” should be “ça est”, which is what it should be literally. However, in French, they actually say, “ça c’est”. The reason for this is simply because it sounds better. If you say, “ça est”, there’s what’s known as a glottal stop in the middle. So, to get rid of the glottal stop, you say, “ça c’est” instead, which flows better in French.

ça c’est that is (literally: that it is)

How would you say this in French?

That is very good.

That is very good. Ça c’est très bon.

How would you say this in French?

That is absolutely fantastic.

That is absolutely fantastic. Ça c’est absolument fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

That is for me.

That is for me. Ça c’est pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I think that is perfect.

I think that is perfect. Pour moi, ça c’est parfait.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. 1. It’s always here 2. It isn’t always here 3. It’s always absolutely fantastic here 4. It’s for me, thank you 5. Yes, it’s for me 6. It isn’t always good here 7. It’s always very good 8. I think that is absolutely perfect 9. That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me 10. Yes, it’s perfect, thank you

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C’est toujours ici Ce n’est pas toujours ici C’est toujours absolument fantastique ici C’est pour moi, merci Oui, c’est pour moi Ce n’est pas toujours bon ici C’est toujours très bon Pour moi, ça c’est absolument parfait Ça c’est délicieux mais ce n’est pas très bon pour moi Oui, c’est parfait, merci

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. Oui, merci 2. C’est absolument parfait 3. Ce n’est pas fantastique mais c’est très bon 4. Pour moi, c’est parfait 5. C’est toujours absolument fantastique ici 6. Pour moi, c’est absolument extraordinaire 7. C’est toujours très bon 8. C’est toujours très bon ici 9. Oui, ça c’est pour moi, merci 10. Ça c’est absolument délicieux

1. Yes, thank you 2. It’s absolutely perfect 3. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 4. I think it’s perfect 5. It’s always absolutely fantastic here 6. I think it’s absolutely extraordinary 7. It’s always very good 8. It’s always very good here 9. Yes, that’s for me, thank you 10. That is absolutely delicious

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t fantastic It’s very good here It’s good here It’s delicious I think it’s absolutely beautiful here It isn’t very good here It is absolutely fantastic I think it’s good It is fantastic It’s absolutely extraordinary here

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ce n’est pas fantastique C’est très bon ici C’est bon ici C’est délicieux Pour moi, c’est absolument beau ici Ce n’est pas très bon ici C’est absolument fantastique Pour moi, c’est bon C’est fantastique C’est absolument extraordinaire ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. 1. Ce n’est pas bon 2. Ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 3. C’est beau 4. C’est fantastique 5. C’est extraordinaire ici 6. C’est extraordinaire 7. Ce n’est pas fantastique 8. C’est très beau ici 9. Ce n’est pas bon ici 10. Ce n’est pas très extraordinaire

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn't good It isn’t very good for me It’s beautiful It’s fantastic It’s extraordinary here It’s extraordinary It isn’t fantastic It’s very beautiful here It isn’t good here It isn’t very extraordinary

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. beautiful 2. thanks 3. here 4. it is 5. yes 6. very 7. for me 8. that 9. always 10. fantastic 11. good 12. absolutely 13. I think 14. perfect 15. extraordinary 16. but 17. it isn’t 18. delicious 19. that is…

1. beau 2. merci 3. ici 4. c’est 5. oui 6. très 7. pour moi 8. ça 9. toujours 10. fantastique 11. bon 12. absolument 13. pour moi 14. parfait 15. extraordinaire 16. mais 17. ce n’est pas 18. délicieux 19. ça c’est…

LESSON 4 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? always that that is… perfect thank you yes but If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase in French for this lesson:

pour lui It means “for him” You pronounce it “pour LWEE”

How would you say this in French?

It’s for him.

It’s for him. C’est pour lui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s good for him.

It’s good for him. C’est bon pour lui.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t for him.

It isn’t for him. Ce n’est pas pour lui.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t very good for him.

It isn’t very good for him. Ce n’est pas très bon pour lui.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t for him; it’s for me.

It isn’t for him; it’s for me. Ce n’est pas pour lui ; c’est pour moi.

This phrase goes nicely with “pour lui” and “pour moi”:

pour elle It means “for her” You pronounce it “pour ELL”

How would you say this in French?

It’s for her.

It’s for her. C’est pour elle.

How would you say this in French?

Yes, it’s very good for her.

Yes, it’s very good for her. Oui, c’est très bon pour elle.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t for him; it’s for her.

It isn’t for him; it’s for her. Ce n’est pas pour lui ; c’est pour elle.

Here’s your next word in French:

non It means “no” You pronounce it “non(g)” You don’t pronounce a g but I’ve put it there to show you that it’s a nasal sound at the end where you close your throat slightly

How would you say this in French?

No, thank you.

No, thank you. Non, merci.

WORD LIST SO FAR pour lui – for him pour elle – for her non – no

How would you say this in French?

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her.

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her. Non, ce n’est pas pour moi; c’est pour elle.

How would you say this in French?

No, it isn’t very good.

No, it isn’t very good. Non, ce n’est pas très bon.

How would you say this in French?

No, it isn’t here.

No, it isn’t here. Non, ce n’est pas ici.

Here’s a new word for you. It’s the opposite of “bon”:

mauvais It means “bad” You pronounce it “mow-VEH”

WORD LIST SO FAR pour lui – for him pour elle – for her non – no mauvais – bad

How would you say this in French?

It is always very bad here.

It is always very bad here. C’est toujours très mauvais ici.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect.

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect. Ce n’est pas mauvais mais ce n’est pas parfait.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s always bad here.

I think it’s always bad here. Pour moi, c’est toujours mauvais ici.

How would you say this in French?

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me.

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me. C’est délicieux mais c’est très mauvais pour moi.

Here’s a word you’ll probably recognise:

le restaurant It means “the restaurant” You pronounce it “leugh reh-stoh-RON(g)” Again, it’s a nasal sound on the end. You don’t pronounce the ‘g’ in my pronunciation guide but you do close your throat slightly at the end

If you take the phrase “ce n’est pas”, which means “it isn’t” and you remove the ‘ce’ from the start, you get:

n’est pas It means “isn’t” You pronounce it “neh PAH”

So, how would you say this in French?

The restaurant isn’t here.

The restaurant isn’t here. Le restaurant n’est pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic.

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic. Le restaurant n’est pas mauvais mais ce n’est pas fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre isn’t here.

Pierre isn’t here. Pierre n’est pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

Marie isn’t here.

Marie isn’t here. Marie n’est pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good.

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good. Le restaurant n’est pas parfait mais c’est très bon.

Similarly, if you take the word “c’est”, which means “it is” and you remove the c’ from the start, you get:

est It means “is” You pronounce it “eh”

WORD LIST SO FAR pour lui – for him pour elle – for her non – no mauvais – bad le restaurant – the restaurant n’est pas – isn’t est – is

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant is good.

The restaurant is good. Le restaurant est bon.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant is here.

The restaurant is here. Le restaurant est ici.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is here.

Marie is here. Marie est ici.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is here.

Pierre is here. Pierre est ici.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant is absolutely perfect.

The restaurant is absolutely perfect. Le restaurant est absolument parfait.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant here is always very good.

The restaurant here is always very good. Le restaurant ici est toujours très bon.

Here’s your last word for this lesson:

tout It means “everything” You pronounce it “too”

WORD LIST SO FAR pour lui – for him pour elle – for her non – no mauvais – bad le restaurant – the restaurant n’est pas – isn’t est – is tout – everything

How would you say this in French?

Everything is very good.

Everything is very good. Tout est très bon.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is here.

Everything is here. Tout est ici.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is delicious.

Everything is delicious. Tout est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is for me.

Everything is for me. Tout est pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I think everything is perfect.

I think everything is perfect. Pour moi, tout est parfait.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious.

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious. Tout est très mauvais pour moi mais c’est absolument délicieux.

WORD LIST SO FAR pour lui – for him pour elle – for her non – no mauvais – bad le restaurant – the restaurant n’est pas – isn’t est – is tout – everything

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. 1. That is for him 2. The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary 3. That’s the restaurant 4. Everything here is delicious 5. It isn’t bad here 6. The restaurant is very good 7. I think the restaurant is fantastic 8. The restaurant is here 9. That is for her 10. Everything here is very good for me

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ça c’est pour lui Le restaurant est absolument extraordinaire Ça c’est le restaurant Tout ici est délicieux Ce n’est pas mauvais ici Le restaurant est très bon Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique Le restaurant est ici Ça c’est pour elle Tout ici est très bon pour moi

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. Tout est ici 2. Le restaurant ici est fantastique 3. Ce n’est pas mauvais ici 4. Tout est parfait 5. Ça ce n’est pas mauvais mais ce n’est pas parfait 6. Ça c’est pour lui 7. Ce n’est pas pour lui; c’est pour moi 8. Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour lui 9. Ce n’est pas très bon pour lui 10. Tout est fantastique, merci

1. Everything is here 2. The restaurant here is fantastic 3. It isn’t bad here 4. Everything is perfect 5. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 6. That is for him 7. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 8. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 9. It isn’t very good for him 10. Everything is fantastic, thank you

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s very good, thank you That isn’t very good It’s for me, thank you It’s very beautiful here That is very good It’s extraordinary It’s extraordinary here It’s absolutely delicious I think it’s good here It’s always fantastic here

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C’est très bon, merci Ça ce n’est pas très bon C’est pour moi, merci C’est très beau ici Ça c’est très bon C’est extraordinaire C’est extraordinaire ici C’est absolument délicieux Pour moi, c’est bon ici C’est toujours fantastique ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Oui, c’est très bon C’est très beau Oui, c’est absolument délicieux Pour moi, c’est fantastique C’est toujours très bon Ce n’est pas très délicieux C’est toujours fantastique ici Oui, pour moi, c’est fantastique ici C’est toujours très beau ici C’est pour moi

1. Yes, it’s very good 2. It’s very beautiful 3. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 4. I think it’s fantastic 5. It’s always very good 6. It isn’t very delicious 7. It’s always fantastic here 8. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 9. It’s always very beautiful here 10. It’s for me

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. the restaurant 2. beautiful 3. is 4. always 5. extraordinary 6. that is… 7. for her 8. it is 9. everything 10. delicious 11. absolutely 12. perfect 13. but 14. it isn’t 15. no 16. yes 17. isn’t 18. for him 19. I think 20. good 21. very 22. for me 23. that 24. fantastic 25. here 26. thank you

1. le restaurant 2. beau 3. est 4. toujours 5. extraordinaire 6. ça c’est 7. pour elle 8. c’est 9. tout 10. délicieux 11. absolument 12. parfait 13. mais 14. ce n’est pas 15. non 16. oui 17. n’est pas 18. pour lui 19. pour moi 20. bon 21. très 22. pour moi 23. ça 24. fantastique 25. ici 26. merci

LESSON 5 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? for him isn’t no for her everything bad the restaurant is If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a nice word with which to start this lesson:

le poulet It means “the chicken” You pronounce it “leugh poo-LEH”

How would you say this in French?

The chicken is for me.

The chicken is for me. Le poulet est pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I think the chicken here is delicious.

I think the chicken here is delicious. Pour moi, le poulet ici est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

The chicken is for him.

The chicken is for him. Le poulet est pour lui.

How would you say this in French?

The chicken is very good.

The chicken is very good. Le poulet est très bon.

How would you say this in French?

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic.

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic. Le poulet ici est toujours absolument fantastique.

So, “le poulet” means “the chicken” and here’s another word:

la dinde It means “the turkey” You pronounce it “la dand”

WORD LIST SO FAR le poulet – the chicken la dinde – the turkey

How would you say this in French?

The turkey is for her.

The turkey is for her. La dinde est pour elle.

How would you say this in French?

The turkey is here.

The turkey is here. La dinde est ici.

How would you say this in French?

The turkey isn’t for me.

The turkey isn’t for me. La dinde n’est pas pour moi.

You may have noticed that I’ve used two different words for “the” in this lesson. I said “le poulet” means “the chicken” and then I said “la dinde” means “the turkey”. Well, there’s an interesting thing about the word “the” in French. Read on…

the In French, there are two words for “the”. One is used in front of masculine nouns, and the other is used in front of feminine nouns. If you use a masculine noun, you have to use ‘le’, if you use a feminine noun, you have to use ‘la’.

le the (masculine)

la the (feminine) How do you know when a noun is masculine or feminine? Sometimes, you can guess. For example, you can probably guess that “boy” is masculine and “girl” is feminine:

le garçon the boy

la fille the girl However, it’s not always so simple; nouns like “table” or “car” don’t have real genders. There is a rule, however, that you can use to work out whether something is masculine or feminine. This rule works about 80% of the time. If a noun ends in the letter E, it’s probably feminine. Look at the five nouns below. The two feminine nouns end in the letter E and the three masculine nouns don’t end in the letter E:

le garçon the boy

le restaurant

the restaurant

le poulet the chicken

la fille the girl

la dinde the turkey Now, don’t worry too much about whether a noun is masculine or feminine. If, for the rest of your life, you get them completely muddled up, it won’t be the end of the world. It’s always better to say something that’s a little wrong than nothing at all.

What’s a noun? I remember when I started to learn languages, the teacher would throw around these fancy words: noun, adjective, verb and adverb, and I had no idea what she meant. Here’s the simplest definition of a noun that I could find: “If you can put ‘the’ in front of a word, then it’s most probably a noun” The restaurant The chicken The turkey So, that means that words you can put “le” or “la” in front of in French are nouns.

How would you say this in French?

The chicken is good.

The chicken is good. Le poulet est bon.

bon The word “good” is used to describe things. This is because it’s an adjective and adjectives describe things. If you use “good” to describe something masculine in French, then you can use “bon”, as we have already seen. However, if you want to say that something feminine is good, the word “bon” changes slightly, and becomes “bonne”. So, bearing in mind that “turkey” is a feminine noun, how would you say, “the turkey is good”? La dinde est bonne So, you use “bon” when talking about masculine things, and you use “bonne” when talking about feminine things.

WORD LIST SO FAR le poulet – the chicken la dinde – the turkey le / la – the (masculine / feminine) bon / bonne – good (masculine / feminine)

How would you say this in French?

The chicken is good.

The chicken is good. Le poulet est bon.

How would you say this in French?

The turkey is good.

The turkey is good. La dinde est bonne.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is good.

Pierre is good. Pierre est bon.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is good.

Marie is good. Marie est bonne.

Now, because “bon” ends in a consonant, you don’t pronounce the ‘n’ on the end. However, because the feminine version “bonne” ends in a vowel, you can pronounce the ‘n’ sound:

bonne It means “good” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “bonn”

bon vs. bonne So, you use “bon” when you’re describing masculine nouns, and “bonne” when you’re describing feminine nouns. “Bon” isn’t the only adjective that can change when describing a feminine noun. Some of the other adjectives we’ve learn can change too. Read on…

What’s an adjective? An adjective is a word that is used to describe something. However, a simpler explanation is this: If you can put “it is” in front of a word, then it’s most probably an adjective. It is good It is fantastic It is delicious It is perfect It is bad The words above are adjectives.

The French word for “delicious” is “délicieux”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “délicieuse”:

délicieuse It means “delicious” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “deh-liss-YEUGHz”

How would you say these two sentences in French?

The chicken is delicious. The turkey is delicious.

The chicken is delicious. Le poulet est délicieux. The turkey is delicious. La dinde est délicieuse.

The French word for “perfect” is “parfait”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “parfaite”:

parfaite It means “perfect” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “par-FETT”

WORD LIST SO FAR le poulet – the chicken la dinde – the turkey le / la – the (masculine / feminine) bon / bonne – good (masculine / feminine) délicieux / délicieuse – delicious (masculine / feminine) parfait / parfaite – perfect (masculine / feminine)

How would you say these two things in French?

The chicken is perfect. The turkey is perfect.

The chicken is perfect. Le poulet est parfait. The turkey is perfect. La dinde est parfaite.

The French word for “bad” is “mauvais”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “mauvaise”:

mauvaise It means “bad” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “mow-VEZ”

WORD LIST SO FAR le poulet – the chicken la dinde – the turkey le / la – the (masculine / feminine) bon / bonne – good (masculine / feminine) délicieux / délicieuse – delicious (masculine / feminine) parfait / parfaite – perfect (masculine / feminine) mauvais / mauvaise – bad (masculine / feminine)

How would you say these sentences in French?

The chicken is bad. The turkey is bad. Pierre is bad. Marie is bad.

The chicken is bad. Le poulet est mauvais. The turkey is bad. La dinde est mauvaise. Pierre is bad. Pierre est mauvais. Marie is bad. Marie est mauvaise.

masculine & feminine So far, we’ve seen how four adjectives change if they’re describing feminine nouns:

bon – bonne délicieux – délicieuse parfait – parfaite mauvais – mauvaise However, not all adjectives have a different feminine version. For example, “fantastique” is used to describe both masculine and feminine nouns and it doesn’t change at all. This is because it ends in the letter E and most adjectives in French that end in the letter E don’t have a separate feminine version.

fantastique – fantastique

WORD LIST SO FAR le poulet – the chicken la dinde – the turkey le / la – the (masculine / feminine) bon / bonne – good (masculine / feminine) délicieux / délicieuse – delicious (masculine / feminine) parfait / parfaite – perfect (masculine / feminine) mauvais / mauvaise – bad (masculine / feminine)

How do you say these two sentences in French?

The chicken is fantastic. The turkey is fantastic.

The chicken is fantastic. Le poulet est fantastique. The turkey is fantastic. La dinde est fantastique.

Here’s a word that is identical to the English word, you just pronounce it a little differently:

terrible It means “terrible” in the masculine and the feminine You pronounce it “teh-REEbl”

WORD LIST SO FAR le poulet – the chicken la dinde – the turkey le / la – the (masculine / feminine) bon / bonne – good (masculine / feminine) délicieux / délicieuse – delicious (masculine / feminine) parfait / parfaite – perfect (masculine / feminine) mauvais / mauvaise – bad (masculine / feminine) terrible – terrible

So, how would you say this in French?

The restaurant is terrible.

The restaurant is terrible. Le restaurant est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

The turkey is terrible.

The turkey is terrible. La dinde est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

It’s terrible here.

It’s terrible here. C’est terrible ici.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s absolutely terrible.

I think it’s absolutely terrible. Pour moi, c’est absolument terrible.

How would you say this in French?

It’s always terrible here.

It’s always terrible here. C’est toujours terrible ici.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible.

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible. Ce n’est pas parfait mais ce n’est pas terrible.

Food, glorious food Now, if you go on holiday, I presume you’ll want to order something other than chicken or turkey. So, I’ve created a list of food related vocabulary for you to read through. I’ve called it a “Vocabulary Expansion Section” and you’ll find it at the end of this lesson. I’ve tried to think of as many food or drink items as I possibly could. If you find anything missing, let me know and I’ll add it in. This Vocabulary Expansion Section will add bulk to your French language. You have been building the structure of the French language with the words and phrases I’ve given you so far and you can now decorate it and embellish it with the words from the Vocabulary Expansion Section. Now, obviously, you shouldn’t aim to try and learn every single word on the list as it wouldn’t be very useful and it would take a long time. Instead, start to build your own personal vocabulary by learning a few words you think you’ll use regularly. For example, if you really love cheese, you can find and learn the word “le fromage”. Add a few words every week or so and pretty soon you’ll have a nice collection in your brain. It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Everything is terrible The chicken is absolutely delicious The chicken is absolutely terrible The chicken is very good The turkey is very good The turkey is for her The turkey is perfect The chicken is delicious The turkey is for me The turkey is delicious

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Tout est terrible Le poulet est absolument délicieux Le poulet est absolument terrible Le poulet est très bon La dinde est très bonne La dinde est pour elle La dinde est parfaite Le poulet est délicieux La dinde est pour moi La dinde est délicieuse

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

La dinde est très bonne Tout est terrible Le poulet est fantastique Le poulet est très bon Le poulet est parfait Le poulet est absolument terrible La dinde est délicieuse Le poulet est très bon mais la dinde est extraordinaire La dinde est pour moi Tout est toujours terrible ici

1. The turkey is very good 2. Everything is terrible 3. The chicken is fantastic 4. The chicken is very good 5. The chicken is perfect 6. The chicken is absolutely terrible 7. The turkey is delicious 8. The chicken is very good but the turkey is extraordinary 9. The turkey is for me 10. Everything is always terrible here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I think it’s absolutely fantastic It’s absolutely beautiful It’s fantastic It isn’t here That isn’t very good It’s for me It isn’t for her It’s always very beautiful here That for me, thank you I think it’s good

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Pour moi, c’est absolument fantastique C’est absolument beau C’est fantastique Ce n’est pas ici Ça ce n’est pas très bon C’est pour moi Ce n’est pas pour elle C’est toujours très beau ici Ça pour moi, merci Pour moi, c’est bon

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ça ce n’est pas très bon Ce n’est pas toujours bon ici Ce n’est pas bon ici C’est extraordinaire Oui, c’est pour moi Tout est ici Le restaurant n’est pas mauvais Ça ce n’est pas mauvais mais ce n’est pas parfait Ce n’est pas très bon pour elle Ça c’est pour elle

1. That isn’t very good 2. It isn’t always good here 3. It isn’t good here 4. It’s extraordinary 5. Yes, it’s for me 6. Everything is here 7. The restaurant isn’t bad 8. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. That is for her

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. isn’t 2. is 3. for him 4. good 5. it isn’t 6. yes 7. extraordinary 8. very 9. the chicken 10. fantastic 11. the restaurant 12. but 13. for me 14. everything 15. I think 16. thank you 17. always 18. perfect 19. terrible 20. for her 21. no 22. that is… 23. it is 24. beautiful 25. absolutely 26. that 27. the turkey 28. here 29. delicious

1. n'est pas 2. est 3. pour lui 4. bon 5. ce n'est pas 6. oui 7. extraordinaire 8. très 9. le poulet 10. fantastique 11. le restaurant 12. mais 13. pour moi 14. tout 15. pour moi 16. merci 17. toujours 18. parfait 19. terrible 20. pour elle 21. non 22. ça c'est… 23. c'est 24. beau 25. absolument 26. ça 27. la dinde 28. ici 29. délicieux

LESSON 6 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? the chicken the turkey the (masculine / feminine) good (masculine / feminine) delicious (masculine / feminine) perfect (masculine / feminine) bad (masculine / feminine) terrible If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

mon It means “my” You pronounce it “mon(g)” Again, that little ‘g’ in brackets at the end is used to show a nasal sound.

How would you say this in French?

My chicken is delicious.

My chicken is delicious. Mon poulet est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

My restaurant is here.

My restaurant is here. Mon restaurant est ici.

How would you say this in French?

My chicken is here.

My chicken is here. Mon poulet est ici.

How would you say this in French?

My chicken is very good.

My chicken is very good. Mon poulet est très bon.

You might be able to guess this next word:

l’hôtel It means “the hotel” You pronounce it “loh-TEL”

l’hôtel You might have noticed that there is a little L’ in front of the word “hôtel". This is called a contraction. It’s a short version of the word LE. Whenever you put the words LE or LA in front of a word that starts with a vowel or the letter H in French, it becomes shortened to L’ like in the word l’hôtel. This is purely because “l’hôtel” is easier to say than “le hôtel”.

Accent alert! Did you also notice that little accent on top of the ‘ô’ in l’hôtel? It’s called a circumflex accent. This accent doesn’t change the way the letter is said at all; it’s simply there to show that, in the past, the letter used to be followed by an ‘s’. For example: “l’hôtel” used to be spelled “l’hostel’ This is useful as it can help us to work out the meaning of words: forêt – forest (forest) côte – coste (coast) hôpital – hospital (hospital) You’ll soon notice that accents can be placed on any of the vowels in French: a, e, i, o, u

Here are the three accents in French:

é acute

è grave

ê circumflex

How would you say this in French?

The hotel is very good.

The hotel is very good. L’hôtel est très bon.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel isn’t bad.

The hotel isn’t bad. L’hôtel n’est pas mauvais.

How would you say this in French?

My hotel is fantastic.

My hotel is fantastic. Mon hôtel est fantastique.

Here’s a useful phrase in French:

tout le monde It means “everybody” or “everyone” You pronounce it “too-leugh-MOND”

WORD LIST SO FAR mon – my l’hôtel – the hotel tout le monde – everybody / everyone

How would you say this in French?

Everybody is here.

Everybody is here. Tout le monde est ici.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody is fantastic.

Everybody is fantastic. Tout le monde est fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody is always fantastic here.

Everybody is always fantastic here. Tout le monde est toujours fantastique ici.

Here’s a nice word:

sympa It means “nice” You pronounce it “sam-PAH”

WORD LIST SO FAR mon – my l’hôtel – the hotel tout le monde – everybody / everyone sympa – nice

How would you say this in French?

It’s nice here.

It’s nice here. C’est sympa ici.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody is nice.

Everybody is nice. Tout le monde est sympa.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody here is nice.

Everybody here is nice. Tout le monde ici est sympa.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody here is always very nice.

Everybody here is always very nice. Tout le monde ici est toujours très sympa.

French MY We learnt last lesson that the French have two words for “the”: LE and LA. Well, the French also have two words for “my”: MON for masculine words, and MA for feminine words.

mon my (masculine)

ma my (feminine) So, you use “mon” in front of masculine nouns and “ma” in front of feminine nouns. For example: mon poulet – my chicken ma dinde – my turkey

WORD LIST SO FAR mon / ma – my (masculine / feminine) l’hôtel – the hotel tout le monde – everybody / everyone sympa – nice

How would you say this in French?

My chicken is good.

My chicken is good. Mon poulet est bon.

How would you say this in French?

My turkey is delicious.

My turkey is delicious. Ma dinde est délicieuse.

How would you say this in French?

My hotel is terrible.

My hotel is terrible. Mon hôtel est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

My turkey is very bad.

My turkey is very bad. Ma dinde est très mauvaise.

How would you say this in French?

My turkey is absolutely perfect.

My turkey is absolutely perfect. Ma dinde est absolument parfaite.

How would you say this in French?

My chicken is absolutely perfect.

My chicken is absolutely perfect. Mon poulet est absolument parfait.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

My hotel is very good The hotel is very good That is my turkey My hotel isn’t very good Everybody is here The hotel is fantastic Everybody is very nice The hotel is terrible The hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary My turkey is delicious

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Mon hôtel est très bon L’hôtel est très bon Ça c’est ma dinde Mon hôtel n’est pas très bon Tout le monde est ici L’hôtel est fantastique Tout le monde est très sympa L’hôtel est terrible L’hôtel est terrible mais le restaurant est extraordinaire Ma dinde est délicieuse

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. Mon hôtel est très bon 2. Ma dinde est parfaite 3. Mon poulet est terrible 4. Ça ce n’est pas mon poulet 5. Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa 6. Mon poulet est ici 7. L’hôtel est très bon 8. L’hôtel est fantastique 9. Tout le monde est ici 10. Tout le monde est toujours sympa ici

1. My hotel is very good 2. My turkey is perfect 3. My chicken is terrible 4. That isn’t my chicken 5. I think everybody is very nice 6. My chicken is here 7. The hotel is very good 8. The hotel is fantastic 9. Everybody is here 10. Everybody is always nice here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t very good for me The restaurant is very good It’s very good, thank you It isn’t good; it’s fantastic The chicken is fantastic It isn’t delicious That’s the chicken That isn’t very good Not for me It’s always absolutely perfect

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ce n’est pas très bon pour moi Le restaurant est très bon C’est très bon, merci Ce n’est pas bon; c’est fantastique Le poulet est fantastique Ce n’est pas délicieux Ça c’est le poulet Ça ce n’est pas très bon Pas pour moi C’est toujours absolument parfait

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean. 1. Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour lui 2. Le restaurant est absolument extraordinaire 3. Tout est parfait 4. Pour moi, la dinde est absolument parfaite 5. Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour moi 6. Le restaurant ici est fantastique 7. C’est absolument délicieux 8. Ce n’est pas pour moi 9. C’est toujours ici 10. C’est toujours fantastique ici

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 2. The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary 3. Everything is perfect 4. I think the turkey is absolutely perfect 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The restaurant here is fantastic 7. It’s absolutely delicious 8. It isn’t for me 9. It’s always here 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. very 2. is 3. but 4. beautiful 5. delicious 6. the hotel 7. everything 8. my 9. it isn’t 10. absolutely 11. that is… 12. yes 13. the chicken 14. good 15. for her 16. nice 17. it is 18. extraordinary 19. perfect 20. no 21. here 22. the turkey 23. for me 24. thank you 25. everybody 26. fantastic 27. I think 28. that 29. terrible 30. always 31. for him 32. the restaurant

33. isn’t

1. très 2. est 3. mais 4. beau 5. délicieux 6. l'hôtel 7. tout 8. mon 9. ce n'est pas 10. absolument 11. ça c'est… 12. oui 13. le poulet 14. bon 15. pour elle 16. sympa 17. c'est 18. extraordinaire 19. parfait 20. non 21. ici 22. la dinde 23. pour moi 24. merci 25. tout le monde 26. fantastique 27. pour moi 28. ça 29. terrible 30. toujours 31. pour lui 32. le restaurant 33. n’est pas

LESSON 7 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? my (masculine / feminine) the hotel nice everybody / everyone If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

un It means “a” You pronounce it “an(g)” Again, that little ‘g’ in brackets at the end is used to show a nasal sound.

The French A So far, we’ve seen that the French have two words for “the”:

le / la (also L’ in front of a vowel or h) We also learnt about the two words for “my”:

mon / ma Well, it’ll come to no surprise, therefore, to learn that the French have two words for “a”:

un / une “a” (masculine / feminine) You pronounce “un” as “an(g)”. The ‘g’ is in brackets to show you it’s a nasal sound. You pronounce “une” as “oon”.

So, let me just reiterate:

un / une These both mean “a” You pronounce them “an(g)” and “oon” respectively

How would you say this in French?

A chicken.

A chicken. Un poulet.

How would you say this in French?

A turkey.

A turkey. Une dinde.

How would you say this in French?

A restaurant.

A restaurant. Un restaurant.

Here’s a useful word if you ever find yourself thirsty in France:

un café It means “a coffee” You pronounce it “an(g) kah-FEH”

WORD LIST SO FAR un / une – a un café – a coffee

How would you say this in French?

A coffee for me.

A coffee for me. Un café pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

The coffee here is delicious.

The coffee here is delicious. Le café ici est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

My coffee is terrible.

My coffee is terrible. Mon café est terrible.

If you don’t really like coffee, perhaps this word might take your fancy:

un thé It means “a tea” You pronounce it “an(g) teh”

WORD LIST SO FAR un / une – a un café – a coffee un thé – a tea

How would you say this in French?

A tea for me.

A tea for me. Un thé pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

The tea here is terrible.

The tea here is terrible. Le thé ici est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

My tea is absolutely delicious.

My tea is absolutely delicious. Mon thé est absolument délicieux.

We learnt previously that the word “merci” means “thank you” in French. Well, manners cost nothing, so here’s another phrase:

s’il vous plaît It means “please” You pronounce it “seel-voo-PLEH”

WORD LIST SO FAR un / une – a un café – a coffee un thé – a tea s’il vous plaît – please

How would you say this in French?

A tea for me, please.

A tea for me, please. Un thé pour moi, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

A coffee for him, please.

A coffee for him, please. Un café pour lui, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

The turkey for me, please.

The turkey for me, please. La dinde pour moi, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

The chicken for her, please.

The chicken for her, please. Le poulet pour elle, s’il vous plaît.

Here’s an extremely useful phrase in French:

je voudrais It means “I would like” You pronounce it “jsheugh voo-DREH”

WORD LIST SO FAR un / une – a un café – a coffee un thé – a tea s’il vous plaît – please je voudrais – I would like

How would you say this in French?

I would like a coffee, please.

I would like a coffee, please. Je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a tea for me.

I would like a tea for me. Je voudrais un thé pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I would like the chicken, please.

I would like the chicken, please. Je voudrais le poulet, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I would like the turkey.

I would like the turkey. Je voudrais la dinde.

Here’s your next French word:

une réservation It means “a reservation” You pronounce it “oon reh-zair-vah-SEEON(g)”

WORD LIST SO FAR un / une – a un café – a coffee un thé – a tea s’il vous plaît – please je voudrais – I would like une réservation – a reservation

How would you say this in French?

I would like a reservation.

I would like a reservation. Je voudrais une réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a reservation, please.

I would like a reservation, please. Je voudrais une réservation, s’il vous plaît.

Now, if you don’t want to dine alone, you might want a reservation for:

deux personnes It means “two people” You pronounce it “deugh pair-SONN”

WORD LIST SO FAR un / une – a un café – a coffee un thé – a tea s’il vous plaît – please je voudrais – I would like une réservation – a reservation deux personnes – two people

How would you say this in French?

I would like a reservation for two people, please.

I would like a reservation for two people, please. Je voudrais une réservation pour deux personnes, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

It’s for two people.

It’s for two people. C’est pour deux personnes.

How would you say this in French?

It’s perfect for two people.

It’s perfect for two people. C’est parfait pour deux personnes.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t very good for two people.

It isn’t very good for two people. Ce n’est pas très bon pour deux personnes.

Here’s your next word in French:

une table It means “a table” You pronounce it “oon tah-bleugh”

WORD LIST SO FAR un / une – a un café – a coffee un thé – a tea s’il vous plaît – please je voudrais – I would like une réservation – a reservation deux personnes – two people une table – a table

How would you say this in French?

I would like a table.

I would like a table. Je voudrais une table.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a table, please.

I would like a table, please. Je voudrais une table, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a table for two people, please.

I would like a table for two people, please. Je voudrais une table pour deux personnes, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

A table for two, please.

A table for two, please. Une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a table for three.

I would like a table for three. Je voudrais une table pour trois.

A table for fifty! Remember how I put in a Vocabulary Expansion Section earlier on? It had food and drink related vocabulary. Well, I’ve put another Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you, too. This time, it includes all the numbers in French from zero to a thousand. If you try and learn one to twelve off by heart, you will be able to get by in most situations.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

The turkey for him, please A table for two, please A tea for him I would like a reservation for two people, please I would like a table for three people, please A coffee for me I would like the chicken, please I would like a table for five people, please I would like a coffee, please I would like a tea, please

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

La dinde pour lui, s’il vous plaît Une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît Un thé pour lui Je voudrais une réservation pour deux personnes, s’il vous plaît Je voudrais une table pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît Un café pour moi Je voudrais le poulet, s’il vous plaît Je voudrais une table pour cinq personnes, s’il vous plaît Je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît Je voudrais un thé, s’il vous plaît

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. Une table pour cinq personnes, s’il vous plaît 2. La dinde pour lui, s’il vous plaît 3. Mon thé est absolument terrible 4. Je voudrais une réservation, s’il vous plaît 5. Une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît 6. Mon café est très bon 7. Je voudrais une table pour huit personnes, s’il vous plaît 8. Mon café est terrible 9. Je voudrais le poulet, s’il vous plaît 10. Je voudrais une réservation pour deux

1. A table for five people, please 2. The turkey for him, please 3. My tea is absolutely terrible 4. I would like a reservation, please 5. A table for two, please 6. My coffee is very good 7. I would like a table for eight people, please 8. My coffee is terrible 9. I would like the chicken, please 10. I would like a reservation for two

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons. 1. It’s absolutely beautiful 2. I think the restaurant is fantastic 3. My chicken is terrible 4. It’s absolutely delicious 5. The chicken is very good 6. I think it’s delicious 7. I think everybody is very nice 8. It’s here 9. Everything is here 10. I think everything is perfect

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C’est absolument beau Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique Mon poulet est terrible C’est absolument délicieux Le poulet est très bon Pour moi, c’est délicieux Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa C’est ici Tout est ici Pour moi, tout est parfait

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. 1. Oui, c’est absolument délicieux 2. C’est toujours très bon ici 3. Pour moi, c’est absolument beau ici 4. La dinde est pour elle 5. Tout le monde est ici 6. Ce n’est pas bon ici; c’est absolument fantastique 7. Mon hôtel est ici 8. Tout est ici 9. C’est absolument beau 10. Pour moi, c’est très bon ici

1. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 2. It’s always very good here 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. The turkey is for her 5. Everybody is here 6. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 7. My hotel is here 8. Everything is here 9. It’s absolutely beautiful 10. I think it’s very good here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. for him 2. no 3. the chicken 4. a coffee 5. perfect 6. the restaurant 7. always 8. extraordinary 9. fantastic 10. it isn’t 11. yes 12. nice 13. here 14. the turkey 15. very 16. two people 17. delicious 18. a table 19. beautiful 20. everything 21. a tea 22. for her 23. everybody 24. is 25. it is 26. thank you 27. the hotel 28. I think 29. for me 30. a 31. terrible 32. a reservation

33. but 34. my 35. I would like 36. absolutely 37. please 38. good 39. isn’t 40. that 41. that is

1. pour lui 2. non 3. le poulet 4. un café 5. parfait 6. le restaurant 7. toujours 8. extraordinaire 9. fantastique 10. ce n'est pas 11. oui 12. sympa 13. ici 14. la dinde 15. très 16. deux personnes 17. délicieux 18. une table 19. beau 20. tout 21. un thé 22. pour elle

23. tout le monde 24. est 25. c'est 26. merci 27. l'hôtel 28. pour moi 29. pour moi 30. un 31. terrible 32. une réservation 33. mais 34. mon 35. je voudrais 36. absolument 37. s'il vous plaît 38. bon 39. n'est pas 40. ça 41. ça c'est

LESSON 8 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? a (masculine / feminine) a tea a table I would like two people please a coffee a reservation If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

la nourriture It means “the food” You pronounce it “lah nou-ree-TEUGHR”

How would you say this in French?

The food is here.

The food is here. La nourriture est ici.

How would you say this in French?

The food is delicious.

The food is delicious. La nourriture est délicieuse.

How would you say this in French?

The food here is always very good.

The food here is always very good. La nourriture ici est toujours très bonne.

Here’s a useful little linking word in French:

et It means “and” You pronounce it “ay”

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and

How would you say this in French?

I would like a tea and a coffee.

I would like a tea and a coffee. Je voudrais un thé et un café.

How would you say this in French?

I would like the chicken for me and the turkey for him.

I would like the chicken for me and the turkey for him. Je voudrais le poulet pour moi et la dinde pour lui.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Pierre.

Marie and Pierre. Marie et Pierre.

This is a nice little word:

aussi It means “also” You pronounce it “oh-SEE”

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and aussi – also

How would you say this in French?

I would like a tea and also a coffee.

I would like a tea and also a coffee. Je voudrais un thé et aussi un café.

How would you say this in French?

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please.

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please. Aussi, je voudrais un café pour moi, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Also, Marie is here.

Also, Marie is here. Aussi, Marie est ici.

The word for “is” in French is “est”. Here’s another useful word:

sont It means “are” You pronounce it “son(g)”

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and aussi – also sont – are

How would you say this in French?

The tea and the coffee are here.

The tea and the coffee are here. Le thé et le café sont ici.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Pierre are always here.

Marie and Pierre are always here. Marie et Pierre sont toujours ici.

How would you say this in French?

The turkey and the chicken are for me.

The turkey and the chicken are for me. La dinde et le poulet sont pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

The tea and the coffee are for me.

The tea and the coffee are for me. Le thé et le café sont pour moi.

The opposite to “sont”, in French, is:

ne sont pas It means “are not” You pronounce it “neugh son(g) PAH”

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and aussi – also sont – are ne sont pas – aren’t

How would you say this in French?

The tea and the coffee aren’t here.

The tea and the coffee aren’t here. Le thé et le café ne sont pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Pierre aren’t here.

Marie and Pierre aren’t here. Marie et Pierre ne sont pas ici.

The French THE So far, we’ve seen that the French have two words for “the”:

LE & LA Well, there is actually a third way:

LES This is used when there is more than one of something. E.g. les tables = the tables We call it the “plural the”

le the (masculine singular)

la the (feminine singular)

les the (plural)

The French plural In English, most of the time, if you want to make a noun plural, you just add an ‘s’ to the end. E.g. “chicken” becomes “chickens” in the plural. Most of the time, you can do this in French, too. You just put an ‘s’ on the end of the noun and put the “plural the” in front of it. Look at the examples below:

le poulet – les poulets the chicken – the chickens

la dinde – les dindes the turkey – the turkeys

le restaurant – les restaurants the restaurant – the restaurants

Here is a list of singular nouns. See if you can make them plural. I’ve put the answers afterwards: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

le poulet (the chicken) la dinde (the turkey) le restaurant (the restaurant) l’hôtel (the hotel) le café (the coffee) le thé (the tea) la table (the table) la personne (the person) la réservation (the reservation)

Here are the answers. I hope you got them all right! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

les poulets (the chickens) les dindes (the turkeys) les restaurants (the restaurants) les hôtels (the hotels) les cafés (the coffees) les thés (the teas) les tables (the tables) les personnes (the people) les réservations (the reservations)

How would you say this in French?

The coffees are here.

The coffees are here. Les cafés sont ici.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurants are here.

The restaurants are here. Les restaurants sont ici.

Making the adjective agree Remember, I showed you that all adjectives have a feminine form that you have to use when talking about a feminine noun? Well, there are also plural forms. You use these to talk about plural nouns. So, that means each adjective in French has four different forms. I’ll show you with the adjective “bon” (good).

le poulet est bon the chicken is good (masculine singular)

la dinde est bonne the turkey is good (feminine singular)

les poulets sont bons the chickens are good (masculine plural)

les dindes sont bonnes the turkeys are good (feminine plural) Every single adjective has these four forms. I’ve laid out all the different forms of each of the adjectives we’ve learnt so far. It goes “English – masculine singular – masculine plural – feminine singular – feminine plural”. GOOD – BON – BONS – BONNE – BONNES DELICIOUS – DÉLICIEUX – DÉLICIEUX – DÉLICIEUSE – DÉLICIEUSES FANTASTIC – FANTASTIQUE – FANTASTIQUES – FANTASTIQUE – FANTASTIQUES BEAUTIFUL – BEAU – BEAUX – BELLE – BELLES

EXTRAORDINARY – EXTRAORDINAIRE – EXTRAORDINAIRES – EXTRAORDINAIRE – EXTRAORDINAIRES PERFECT – PARFAIT – PARFAITS – PARFAITE – PARFAITES BAD – MAUVAIS – MAUVAIS – MAUVAISE – MAUVAISES TERRIBLE – TERRIBLE – TERRIBLES – TERRIBLE – TERRIBLES NICE – SYMPA – SYMPA – SYMPA - SYMPA You have probably noticed that sometimes the adjectives don’t change. The rule of thumb is that if the adjective already ends in an ‘e’, you don't need to change it in the feminine form. Also, look at “sympa”, it doesn’t change at all!

Masculine or Feminine? So, when you’re talking about masculine nouns you use the masculine singular or the masculine plural versions of the adjective, and when you’re talking about a feminine noun you use the feminine singular or the feminine plural versions of the adjectives. le poulet est bon les poulets sont bons la dinde est bonne les dindes sont bonnes However, what if you want to say something like this? The chicken and the turkey are good Well, whenever you’re talking about a mixture of masculine and feminine nouns, the masculine plural adjective is always used. Le poulet et la dinde sont bons

Now, let’s practise a little with these adjective agreement rules. Here’s a random feminine noun:

une carotte It means “a carrot” You pronounce it “oon kah-ROT”

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and aussi – also sont – are ne sont pas – aren’t les – the (plural) une carotte – a carrot

How would you say this in French?

The carrot.

The carrot. La carotte.

How would you say this in French?

The carrots.

The carrots. Les carottes.

How would you say this in French?

The carrots are good.

The carrots are good. Les carottes sont bonnes.

And here’s a random masculine noun:

un poireau It means “a leek” You pronounce it “an(g) pwah-ROH”

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and aussi – also sont – are ne sont pas – aren’t les – the (plural) une carotte – a carrot un poireau – a leek

How would you say this in French?

The leek.

The leek. Le poireau.

In the plural, the word “poireau” doesn’t gain an “s”. Instead, it gains an “x”; it’s a little irregular. So, how would you say this?

The leeks.

The leeks. Les poireaux.

How would you say this in French?

The leeks are good.

The leeks are good. Les poireaux sont bons.

The French MY Just like the word “the”, the French word for “my” has three versions, too:

mon my (masculine singular)

ma my (feminine singular)

mes my (plural) The plural word “mes” is pronounced “may”. It rhymes with the French word “les”.

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and aussi – also sont – are ne sont pas – aren’t les – the (plural) une carotte – a carrot un poireau – a leek mes – my (plural)

How would you say these two sentences in French?

My carrots are delicious. My leeks are delicious.

My carrots are delicious. Mes carottes sont délicieuses. My leeks are delicious. Mes poireaux sont délicieux.

Quick test Let’s do a quick test. See if you can translate these sentences into French. The answers are on the next page. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

My chicken is good. My turkey is good. My leeks are good. My carrots are good. The chicken here is good. The turkey here is good. The leeks here are good. The carrots here are good.

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Mon poulet est bon. Ma dinde est bonne. Mes poireaux sont bons. Mes carottes sont bonnes. Le poulet ici est bon. La dinde ici est bonne. Les poireaux ici sont bons. Les carottes ici sont bonnes.

Don’t lose sleep This lesson has been full of little grammar rules. They aren’t difficult to understand but there are a lot to remember. However, I always say, “Don't lose sleep!” I’ve introduced these grammatical structures very early on in the course but I don’t expect you to remember them all whenever you speak French. The reason I’ve introduced them now is because it’s best to get them out of the way with early, and then the more you see them, the more you’ll remember them. The most important thing when speaking a foreign language is just making sure you’re understood. Whether you miss off a letter or use the wrong word for “the”, as long as you’re speaking and the other person understands what you're saying, it doesn't matter in the slightest. Worrying about these rules will only stop you from wanting to speak but at the same time, knowing about them will make it easier in the long run. But, as I said, don’t lose sleep over them. Even the most fluent of speakers makes a slip-up with these rules now and again so just learn them and then focus on the speaking.

WORD LIST SO FAR la nourriture – the food et – and aussi – also sont – are ne sont pas – aren’t les – the (plural) une carotte – a carrot un poireau – a leek mes – my (plural)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

The food here is always delicious I would like two chickens, please, one for me and one for her The carrots are very good I think the food is perfect here The leeks are very good The food is always terrible The chicken for me and the turkey for her, please The food here is very good The chicken is delicious The turkey and the chicken are very good

1. 2.

La nourriture ici est toujours délicieuse Je voudrais deux poulets, s’il vous plaît, un pour moi et un pour elle 3. Les carottes sont très bonnes 4. Pour moi, la nourriture est parfaite ici 5. Les poireaux sont très bons 6. La nourriture est toujours terrible 7. Le poulet pour moi et la dinde pour elle, s’il vous plaît 8. La nourriture ici est très bonne 9. Le poulet est délicieux 10. La dinde et le poulet sont très bons

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. La nourriture ici est très bonne 2. La dinde est délicieuse 3. Ma nourriture est délicieuse 4. Les carottes sont terribles 5. Le poulet est délicieux 6. Les poireaux sont très bons 7. Je voudrais deux thés et trois cafés 8. Je voudrais un thé pour lui et un café pour elle 9. Aussi, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît 10. Mes carottes sont parfaites

1. The food here is very good 2. The turkey is delicious 3. My food is delicious 4. The carrots are terrible 5. The chicken is delicious 6. The leeks are very good 7. I would like two teas and three coffees 8. I would like a tea for him and a coffee for her 9. Also, I would like a coffee, please 10. My carrots are perfect

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t very good I would like a coffee, please Everybody is very nice The restaurant is very good The hotel is terrible It’s good The chicken is very good The turkey is very good It isn’t very delicious I would like a tea for him, please

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ce n’est pas très bon Je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît Tout le monde est très sympa Le restaurant est très bon L’hôtel est terrible C’est bon Le poulet est très bon La dinde est très bonne Ce n’est pas très délicieux Je voudrais un thé pour lui, s’il vous plaît

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean. 1. Ça c’est délicieux mais ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 2. Ce n’est pas fantastique mais c’est très bon 3. Pas pour elle 4. Le restaurant n’est pas mauvais 5. Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour lui 6. Ce n’est pas pour lui; c’est pour moi 7. Le poulet est très bon mais la dinde est extraordinaire 8. Pour moi, la dinde est extraordinaire 9. Ça pour moi, merci 10. C’est très bon

1. That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me 2. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 3. Not for her 4. The restaurant isn’t bad 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 6. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 7. The chicken is very good but the turkey is extraordinary 8. I think the turkey is extraordinary 9. That for me, thank you 10. It’s very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. 1. nice 2. my 3. everything 4. for me 5. a coffee 6. a carrot 7. it is 8. please 9. the restaurant 10. the turkey 11. I think 12. that is… 13. but 14. and 15. for her 16. yes 17. a leek 18. perfect 19. I would like 20. the (plural) 21. the food 22. aren't 23. no 24. a 25. very 26. a table 27. everybody 28. always 29. also 30. here 31. beautiful 32. my (plural) 33. a reservation 34. that

35. good 36. isn’t 37. extraordinary 38. a tea 39. it isn’t 40. absolutely 41. delicious 42. the chicken 43. the hotel 44. are 45. fantastic 46. terrible 47. thank you 48. is 49. for him 50. two people

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

sympa mon tout pour moi un café une carotte c'est s'il vous plaît le restaurant la dinde pour moi ça c'est… mais et pour elle oui un poireau

18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.

parfait je voudrais les la nourriture ne sont pas non un très une table tout le monde toujours aussi ici beau mes une réservation ça bon n'est pas

37.

extraordinaire

38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

un thé ce n'est pas absolument délicieux le poulet l'hôtel sont fantastique terrible merci est pour lui deux personnes

LESSON 9 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? a leek the (plural) my (plural) aren’t a carrot and the food are also If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more. Now the previous lesson was rather intense, what with all the masculine, feminine, singular and plural rules. Therefore, I’m going to make this lesson a little less taxing. I’ll call it the “Greetings Lesson”, and you’ll soon see why.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

salut It means “hi” You pronounce it “sah-LOO”

How would you say this in French?

Hi, I’d like a coffee, please.

Hi, I’d like a coffee, please. Salut, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Hi, a tea for me, please.

Hi, a tea for me, please. Salut, un thé pour moi, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Hi, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please.

Hi, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please. Salut, la pizza pour moi et le poulet pour lui, s’il vous plaît.

Here’s your next greetings based word:

bonjour It means “hello” , “good day”, “good morning” or “good afternoon” You pronounce it “bon(g)-JSHOOR”

WORD LIST SO FAR salut – hi bonjour – hello / good day / good morning

How would you say this in French?

Hello, two coffees, please.

Hello, two coffees, please. Bonjour, deux cafés, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Hello, I’d like a table for two, please.

Hello, I’d like a table for two, please. Bonjour, je voudrais une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Good morning.

Good morning. Bonjour.

This is a nice little word:

bonsoir It means “good evening” You pronounce it “bon(g)-SWAHR”

WORD LIST SO FAR salut – hi bonjour – hello / good day / good morning / good evening bonsoir – good evening

How would you say this in French?

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please.

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please. Bonsoir, je voudrais une table pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Good evening, two teas, please.

Good evening, two teas, please. Bonsoir, deux thés, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please.

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please. Bonsoir, je voudrais une pizza, s’il vous plaît.

Here’s your next word in French:

bonne nuit It means “goodnight” You pronounce it “bon-NWEE”

Here’s another word that goes nicely with the last word:

au revoir It means “goodbye” You pronounce it “oh-reugh-VWAHR”

How would you say this in French?

Goodbye and goodnight.

Goodbye and goodnight. Au revoir et bonne nuit.

Here’s your next word in French:

bonne journée It means “have a good day” You pronounce it “bon jshoor-NEH”

bonne journée The word “journée” looks similar to the English word “journey”. It doesn’t mean “journey” but the two words are related. We actually get our word “journey” from the French word “journée”. The literal meaning of “journée” is “the whole day” and, in the olden days, journeys used to take the whole day in horse and carts, so that’s why we call them “journeys”. It is literally a trip that takes the whole day.

How would you say this in French?

Have a good day.

Have a good day. Bonne journée.

How would you say this in French?

Goodbye and have a good day.

Goodbye and have a good day. Au revoir et bonne journée.

Here’s a phrase that’s similar to “bonne journée”:

bonne soirée It means “have a good evening” You pronounce it “bon swah-REH”

WORD LIST SO FAR salut – hi bonjour – hello / good morning / good day / good evening bonsoir – good evening bonne nuit – goodnight au revoir – goodbye bonne journée – have a good day bonne soirée – have a good evening

How would you say this in French?

Have a good evening.

Have a good evening. Bonne soirée.

How would you say this in French?

Goodbye and have a good evening.

Goodbye and have a good evening. Au revoir et bonne soirée.

Here’s a final greetings phrase in French:

à bientôt It means “see you soon” You pronounce it “ah bee-an(g)-TOH”

WORD LIST SO FAR salut – hi bonjour – hello / good morning / good day / good afternoon bonsoir – good evening bonne nuit – goodnight au revoir – goodbye bonne journée – have a good day bonne soirée – have a good evening à bientôt – see you soon

How would you say this in French?

See you soon.

See you soon. À bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

Goodbye and see you soon.

Goodbye and see you soon. Au revoir et à bientôt.

Quick test Let’s just have a quick test. See if you can remember what all of these are in French (the answers are on the next page): 1. Hello 2. Hi 3. Good evening 4. Goodnight 5. Have a good day 6. Good afternoon 7. Have a good evening 8. Good morning 9. Goodbye 10. See you soon

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Bonjour Salut Bonsoir Bonne nuit Bonne journée Bonjour Bonne soirée Bonjour Au revoir À bientôt

WORD LIST SO FAR salut – hi bonjour – hello / good morning / good day / good afternoon bonsoir – good evening bonne nuit – goodnight au revoir – goodbye bonne journée – have a good day bonne soirée – have a good evening à bientôt – see you soon

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Goodbye and have a good evening

2.

Have a good day

3.

Good day

4.

Goodnight

5.

Hello

6.

Good evening

7.

Goodbye

8.

Hi, I’d like a coffee, please

9.

Good morning

10. See you soon

1.

Au revoir et bonne soirée

2.

Bonne journée

3.

Bonjour

4.

Bonne nuit

5.

Bonjour

6.

Bonsoir

7.

Au revoir

8.

Salut, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît

9.

Bonjour

10. À bientôt

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. 1. Bonne soirée 2. Au revoir 3. Bonne journée 4. Bonjour 5. Bonne nuit 6. Au revoir et bonne soirée 7. Salut, je voudrais deux thés et un café 8. Bonne soirée 9. Bonsoir, je voudrais une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît 10. À bientôt

1. Have a good evening 2. Goodbye 3. Have a good day 4. Hello 5. Goodnight 6. Goodbye and have a good evening 7. Hi, I’d like two teas and a coffee 8. Have a good evening 9. Good evening, I would like a table for two, please 10. See you soon

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons. 1.

I think that is absolutely extraordinary

2.

The food is fantastic

3.

It’s extraordinary here

4.

Also, I’d like a coffee, please

5.

Everything here is delicious

6.

The food is always delicious here

7.

That is for me

8.

I would like a table for three people

9.

It’s for her

10. Everything is here

1.

Pour moi, ça c’est absolument extraordinaire

2.

La nourriture est fantastique

3.

C’est extraordinaire ici

4.

Aussi, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît

5.

Tout ici est délicieux

6.

La nourriture est toujours délicieuse ici

7.

Ça c’est pour moi

8.

Je voudrais une table pour trois personnes

9.

C’est pour elle

10. Tout est ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. 1. Ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 2. Oui, c’est pour moi 3. Ça ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 4. Je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît 5. Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour moi 6. La nourriture est terrible 7. Le poulet est délicieux 8. Ce n’est pas mauvais ici 9. Tout le monde est très sympa 10. Je voudrais une table pour cinq, s’il vous plaît

1. It isn’t very good for me 2. Yes, it’s for me 3. That isn’t very good for me 4. I would like a coffee, please 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The food is terrible 7. The chicken is delicious 8. It isn’t bad here 9. Everybody is very nice 10. I would like a table for five, please

Let’s recap the words we’ve learnt in this book. 1. a reservation 2. goodbye 3. is 4. it is 5. thank you 6. always 7. the chicken 8. see you soon 9. that is… 10. aren't 11. have a good day 12. good 13. very 14. that 15. good evening 16. I think 17. are 18. here 19. nice 20. a carrot 21. for him 22. my 23. everything 24. a leek 25. hello 26. a 27. a table 28. terrible 29. it isn’t 30. but 31. a tea 32. no 33. the hotel 34. isn’t 35. also 36. for me 37. and 38. perfect 39. beautiful 40. the food 41. delicious 42. I would like 43. the turkey 44. everybody 45. please 46. the restaurant 47. two people 48. fantastic

49. absolutely 50. hi 51. the (plural) 52. goodnight 53. my (plural) 54. yes 55. a coffee 56. for her 57. have a good evening 58. extraordinary

1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49.

une réservation au revoir est c'est merci toujours le poulet à bientôt ça c'est… ne sont pas bonne journée bon très ça bonsoir pour moi sont ici sympa une carotte pour lui mon tout un poireau bonjour un une table terrible ce n'est pas mais un thé non l'hôtel n'est pas aussi pour moi et parfait beau la nourriture délicieux je voudrais la dinde tout le monde s'il vous plaît le restaurant deux personnes fantastique absolument salut

50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57.

les bonne nuit mes oui un café pour elle bonne soirée extraordinaire

Vocabulary Expansion Sections

All the words in this vocabulary expansion section are nouns. They will either be masculine or feminine. If the word has “le” or “un” in front of it, it’s masculine. If it has “la” or “une” in front of it, it’s feminine. If it has neither and it is unclear as to whether a word is masculine or feminine, I’ve put a little (m) after for masculine words, and an (f) after for feminine words.

Au restaurant at the restaurant la salade

the salad

un concombre a cucumber une laitue a lettuce un oignon an onion une tomate a tomato le céleri the celery un poivron a pepper les épinards (m) the spinach un radis a radish une betterave a beetroot le cresson the cress la sauce pour salade the salad dressing un croûton a crouton

la viande

the meat

l’agneau (m) the lamb le bifteck/ le steak the steak bien cuit well done à point medium-rare saignant rare bleu blue la dinde the turkey le jambon the ham le porc the pork le poulet the chicken le rosbif/le bœuf the beef la viande de chèvre the goat meat la viande de cheval the horse meat le saucisson the sausage le canard the duck le lapin the rabbit le veau the veal le chevreuil the venison la pintade the guinea-fowl la caille the quail un foie a liver un rognon a kidney

le poisson

the fish

le saumon the salmon le thon the tuna la truite the trout le cabillaud the cod l’églefin (m) the haddock le carrelet the plaice la sole the sole la lotte the monkfish

les fruits de mer

the seafood

une crevette a prawn une langoustine a large prawn les scampi (m) the scampi une huître an oyster une moule a mussel un homard a lobster un crabe a crab un calmar a squid/ calamari un poulpe an octopus un anchois an anchovy

les légumes

the vegetables

une carotte a carrot un champignon a mushroom un chou-fleur a cauliflower un haricot a bean le maïs the corn les petits-pois the peas une pomme de terre a potato un chou a cabbage une asperge an asparagus un brocoli a broccoli un poireau a leek une aubergine an aubergine un haricot à rames a runner bean un haricot vert a green bean le mange-tout the mangetout un panais a parsnip une citrouille a pumpkin une courge a marrow une courgette a courgette un cornichon a gherkin un chou de bruxelles a brussels sprout un artichaut an artichoke un navet a turnip un rutabaga a swede une patate douce a sweet potato un pois chiche a chickpea une lentille a lentil un soja a soy bean

les autres choses

the other things

le pâté the pâté le fromage the cheese un oeuf dur a hard-boiled egg un oeuf à la coque a soft boiled egg un oeuf sur le plat a fried egg les oeufs brouillés scrambled eggs une omelette an omelette la soupe the soup les céréales (f) the cereal les flocons d’avoine (m) the porridge oats le porridge the porridge le muesli the muesli le riz the rice les pâtes (f) the pasta les nouilles (f) the noodles les frites (f) the chips les chips (f) the crisps une salade de crevettes a prawn cocktail un sandwich a sandwich un hamburger a hamburger un hot dog a hot dog un kebab a kebab

les condiments etc… the condiments etc… le sel the salt le poivre the pepper le vinaigre the vinegar la moutarde the mustard la sauce à la menthe the mint sauce le sucre the sugar un édulcorant a sweetner le miel the honey l’ail (m) the garlic la confiture the marmalade le ketchup the tomato sauce la sauce brune the brown sauce la sauce de soja the soy sauce la mayonnaise the mayonnaise l’huile (d’olive) (f) the (olive) oil l’aïoli (m) the garlic mayonnaise le beurre the butter le pain (blanc) the (white) bread le pain complet the brown bread le pain grillé the toast le yaourt the yoghurt

les desserts

the desserts

un gâteau a cake une glace an ice cream à la fraise strawberry à la vanille vanilla au chocolat chocolate à la menthe mint à la menthe et copeaux de chocolat mint choc chip les bonbons (m) the sweets une crêpe a pancake le chocolat the chocolate une tarte a pie la crème the cream un biscuit a biscuit un biscuit salé a cracker un muffin a muffin la crème anglaise the custard une crème brûlée a crème brulée une mousse a mousse la rhubarbe the rhubarb une salade de fruits a fruit salad une macédoine de fruits a fruit cocktail

Les fruits

the fruit

un ananas a pineapple une banane a banana une fraise a strawberry une framboise a raspberry une orange an orange un pamplemousse a grapefruit une pastèque a watermelon une pêche a peach une poire a pear une pomme an apple un raisin a grape un raisin sec a raisin des raisins secs some raisins une myrtille a blueberry une nectarine a nectarine une prune a plum un citron a lemon un citron vert a lime une clémentine a clementine une mandarine satsuma a satsuma une mandarine a tangerine un abricot an apricot une cerise a cherry une mûre a blackberry une baie de genévrier a juniper berry un avocat an avocado un cassis a blackcurrant une datte a date un pitaya a dragonfruit un fruit de la passion a passion fruit une groseille à maquereau a gooseberry une goyave a guava un kiwi a kiwi un kumquat a kumquat

un litchi a lychee une mangue a mango un melon a melon un melon d’hiver a honeydew melon un cantaloup a cantaloupe une grenade a pomegranate un coqueret du pérou a physalis une canneberge a cranberry une cacahuète a peanut une noix a walnut une pistache a pistachio une noisette a hazelnut une olive an olive

Les boissons un café un thé au lait une eau

the drinks

a coffee a tea with milk a water gazeuse sparkling non gazeuse still du robinet tap un jus (de fruit) a (fruit) juice une eau tonique a tonic water un coca a cola du lait some milk une limonade a lemonade …light diet… un vin a wine rouge red blanc white rosé rosé une bière a beer une bière blonde a lager un cidre a cider un xérès a sherry un cognac a brandy un scotch a whisky un gin a gin une liqueur a liqueur une vodka a vodka un vermouth a vermouth un Martini a Martini un rhum a rum un porto a port un cocktail a cocktail avec des glaçons with ice

Les couverts

the cutlery

un couteau a knife un couteau à beurre a butter knife un couteau à pain a bread knife un couteau à fromage a cheese knife un couteau à découper a carving knife un couteau à poisson a fish knife un couteau à steak a steak knife une cuillère a spoon une cuillère à café a teaspoon une cuillère à soupe a soup spoon une fourchette a fork une assiette a plate un bol a bowl une tasse a cup un verre a glass un cure-dents a toothpick une serviette a napkin un seau à glace an ice bucket un pot à eau a waterjug

Les nombres the numbers 0-10 0 zéro 1 un 2 deux 3 trois 4 quatre 5 cinq 6 six 7 sept 8 huit 9 neuf 10 dix

11-20 11 onze 12 douze 13 treize 14 quatorze 15 quinze 16 seize 17 dix-sept 18 dix-huit 19 dix-neuf 20 vingt

21-30 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

vingt et un vingt-deux vingt-trois vingt-quatre vingt-cinq vingt-six vingt-sept vingt-huit vingt-neuf trente

31-40 31 trente et un 32 trente-deux 33 trente-trois 34 trente-quatre 35 trente-cinq 36 trente-six 37 trente-sept 38 trente-huit 39 trente-neuf 40 quarante

41-50 41 quarante et un 42 quarante-deux 43 quarante-trois 44 quarante-quatre 45 quarante-cinq 46 quarante-six 47 quarante-sept 48 quarante-huit 49 quarante-neuf 50 cinquante

51-60 51 cinquante et un 52 cinquante-deux 53 cinquante-trois 54 cinquante-quatre 55 cinquante-cinq 56 cinquante-six 57 cinquante-sept 58 cinquante-huit 59 cinquante-neuf 60 soixante

61-70 61 soixante et un 62 soixante-deux 63 soixante-trois 64 soixante-quatre 65 soixante-cinq 66 soixante-six 67 soixante-sept 68 soixante-huit 69 soixante-neuf 70 soixante-dix

71-80 71 soixante et onze 72 soixante-douze 73 soixante-treize 74 soixante-quatorze 75 soixante-quinze 76 soixante-seize 77 soixante-dix-sept 78 soixante-dix-huit 79 soixante-dix-neuf 80 quatre-vingt 81-90 81 quatre-vingt-un 82 quatre-vingt-deux 83 quatre-vingt-trois 84 quatre-vingt-quatre 85 quatre-vingt-cinq 86 quatre-vingt-six 87 quatre-vingt-sept 88 quatre-vingt-huit 89 quatre-vingt-neuf 90 quatre-vingt-dix

91-100 91 quatre-vingt-onze 92 quatre-vingt-douze 93 quatre-vingt-treize 94 quatre-vingt-quatorze 95 quatre-vingt-quinze 96 quatre-vingt-seize 97 quatre-vingt-dix-sept 98 quatre-vingt-dix-huit 99 quatre-vingt-dix-neuf 100 cent

101-110 101 cent un 102 cent deux 103 cent trois 104 cent quatre 105 cent cinq 106 cent six 107 cent sept 108 cent huit 109 cent neuf 110 cent dix

200-210 200 deux cents 201 deux cent un 202 deux cent deux 203 deux cent trois 204 deux cent quatre 205 deux cent cinq 206 deux cent six 207 deux cent sept 208 deux cent huit 209 deux cent neuf 210 deux cent dix

300-1000 300 trois cents 301 trois cent un 302 trois cent deux 303 trois cent trois 400 quatre cents 500 cinq cents 600 six cents 700 sept cents 800 huit cents 900 neuf cents 1000 mille

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons one to three of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons four to six, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website: https://www.3minute.club

You can also find the video version of all my courses here (use the discount code WELCOME to get them at the lowest price available): https://www.3minute.club/teachable If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. I’ve also written lots of articles full of hints and tips that you can read here: https://www.3minute.club/blog Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 10 – 12 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2019 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club/udemy www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 7-9”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this...

Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 10 LESSON 11 LESSON 12 Merci

LESSON 10 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt at the end of the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? good evening goodbye hi have a good day have a good evening hello see you soon good morning good afternoon goodnight If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in French for this lesson:

l’addition It means “the bill” You pronounce it “lah-diss-ee-on(g)”

L’addition This is another of those occasions, like with “l’hôtel”, where the word for “the” gets shortened to L’. This is because the word “addition” starts with a vowel. The word “addition” is a feminine word, so the word for “the” is actually “LA”. However, it gets shortened to L’ to make it easier to say.

How would you say this in French?

I would like the bill.

I would like the bill. Je voudrais l’addition.

French MY As you know, there are three ways to say “my” in French:

mon (masculine)

ma (feminine)

mes (plural) There’s just one more thing to remember. Whenever a feminine word starts with a vowel, you must use the masculine word for “my” (mon). This is purely because it’s easier to say. For example, the word “addition” is feminine but it starts with a vowel, so you’d say: mon addition – my bill This is because “mon addition” is easier to say than “ma addition”.

How would you say this in French?

I would like my bill.

I would like my bill. Je voudrais mon addition.

How would you say this in French?

My bill is here.

My bill is here. Mon addition est ici.

How would you say this in French?

The bill is for him.

The bill is for him. L’addition est pour lui.

Here’s a phrase you might be able to work out:

une bouteille de It means “a bottle of” You pronounce it “oon boo-tay de”

How would you say this in French?

A bottle of wine.

A bottle of wine. Une bouteille de vin.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bottle of wine.

I would like a bottle of wine. Je voudrais une bouteille de vin.

How would you say this in French?

I would like two bottles of wine, please.

I would like two bottles of wine, please. Je voudrais deux bouteilles de vin, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

The bottle.

The bottle. La bouteille.

How would you say this in French?

The bottle of wine.

The bottle of wine. La bouteille de vin.

You’ll know what this means now:

le vin It means “the wine” You pronounce it “ler van(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I would like the wine.

WORD LIST SO FAR l’addition – the bill une bouteille de – a bottle of une bouteille de vin – a bottle of wine le vin – the wine

I would like the wine. Je voudrais le vin.

How would you say this in French?

The wine is delicious.

The wine is delicious. Le vin est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

The wine is very good.

The wine is very good. Le vin est très bon.

How would you say this in French?

The wine is for me.

The wine is for me. Le vin est pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I think the wine is always very good here.

I think the wine is always very good here. Pour moi, le vin est toujours très bon ici.

How would you say this in French?

My wine is terrible.

My wine is terrible. Mon vin est terrible.

LE & DE As you know, whenever you use LE or LA in front of a word that starts with a vowel or the letter H, they contract to L’.

l’hôtel the hotel

l’addition the bill Well, the little word “de”, which means “of”, also contracts in front of words that start with a vowel or a H. LE and LA contract to L’, and DE contracts to D’. Turn the page to see an example of this in use.

Have a look at this phrase:

une bouteille d’eau It means “a bottle of water” You pronounce it “oon boo-tay dough”

WORD LIST SO FAR l’addition – the bill une bouteille de – a bottle of une bouteille de vin – a bottle of wine le vin – the wine une bouteille d’eau – a bottle of water

How would you say this in French?

The bottle of water.

The bottle of water. La bouteille d’eau.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bottle of water, please.

I would like a bottle of water, please. Je voudrais une bouteille d’eau, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please.

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please. Je voudrais une bouteille d’eau pour la table, s'il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

The bottle of water for me, please.

The bottle of water for me, please. La bouteille d’eau pour moi, s’il vous plaît.

Here’s a little question you can use:

C’est combien? It means “How much is it?” You pronounce it “say com-bee-an(g)”

How much is it? You can use “C’est combien?” by itself to simply mean “How much is it?” However, you can also put it in front of things to mean “How much is…?”

C’est combien le poulet? How much is the chicken?

C’est combien une bouteille? How much is a bottle?

So, just to reiterate:

C’est combien…? It means “How much is…?” You pronounce it “say com-bee-an(g)”

How would you say this in French?

How much is the chicken?

How much is the chicken? C’est combien le poulet?

How would you say this in French?

How much is the turkey?

How much is the turkey? C’est combien la dinde?

How would you say this in French?

How much is the wine here?

How much is the wine here? C’est combien le vin ici?

How would you say this in French?

How much is that?

How much is that? C’est combien ça?

Now, here’s a useful phrase:

excusez-moi It means “excuse me” You pronounce it “ek-skew-zay mwah”

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, how much is the wine?

Excuse me, how much is the wine? Excusez-moi, c’est combien le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please. Excusez-moi, je voudrais l’addition, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of water?

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of water? Excusez-moi, c’est combien une bouteille d’eau?

WORD LIST SO FAR l’addition – the bill une bouteille de – a bottle of une bouteille de vin – a bottle of wine le vin – the wine une bouteille d’eau – a bottle of water l’eau – the water c’est combien? – how much is it? c’est combien…? – how much is…? excusez-moi – excuse me

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in French now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations. If you grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

2.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please

3.

How much is a bottle of water?

4.

I would like a bottle of wine, please

5.

How much is it?

6.

The bill is for him

7.

I would like two bottles of water, please

8.

How much is a table for three people?

9.

I would like my bill, please

10. How much is the chicken here?

1.

Je voudrais deux bouteilles de vin, s’il vous plaît

2.

Excusez-moi, je voudrais l’addition, s’il vous plaît

3.

C’est combien une bouteille d’eau?

4.

Je voudrais une bouteille de vin, s’il vous plaît

5.

C’est combien?

6.

L’addition est pour lui

7.

Je voudrais deux bouteilles d’eau, s’il vous plaît

8.

C’est combien une table pour trois personnes?

9.

Je voudrais mon addition, s’il vous plaît

10. C’est combien le poulet ici?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je voudrais mon addition, s’il vous plaît 2. L’addition est pour moi 3. Excusez-moi, c’est combien une bouteille de vin ici? 4. L’addition, s’il vous plaît 5. C’est combien une table pour trois personnes? 6. C’est combien mon addition? 7. C’est combien une table pour dix personnes? 8. C’est combien l’addition? 9. Je voudrais l’addition, s’il vous plaît 10. Mon addition, s’il vous plaît

1. I would like my bill, please 2. The bill is for me 3. Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here? 4. The bill, please 5. How much is a table for three people? 6. How much is my bill? 7. How much is a table for ten people? 8. How much is the bill? 9. I would like the bill, please 10. My bill, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant is fantastic

2.

Yes, it’s very good

3.

No, that isn’t for her

4.

It isn’t very good for her

5.

It’s for him

6.

It’s for me

7.

I would like a reservation for two people, please

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

10. My hotel is here

1.

Le restaurant est fantastique

2.

Oui, c’est très bon

3.

Non, ça ce n’est pas pour elle

4.

Ce n’est pas très bon pour elle

5.

C’est pour lui

6.

C’est pour moi

7.

Je voudrais une réservation pour deux personnes, s’il vous plaît

8.

C’est absolument délicieux

9.

Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique

10. Mon hôtel est ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Oui, pour moi, c’est fantastique ici 2. C’est toujours fantastique ici 3. Ça c’est pour moi 4. C’est absolument extraordinaire ici 5. Mon poulet est terrible 6. C’est fantastique 7. Pour moi, le restaurant est très bon 8. Pas pour moi, merci 9. Ce n’est pas très bon pour elle 10. C’est très beau ici

1. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 2. It’s always fantastic here 3. That is for me 4. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 5. My chicken is terrible 6. It’s fantastic 7. I think the restaurant is very good 8. Not for me, thank you 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. It’s very beautiful here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

a reservation goodbye it is absolutely a coffee everything the restaurant is very my that goodnight the hotel nice two people the food it isn’t isn’t have a good evening but yes perfect here a tea the water the bill a carrot

28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59.

also for her my (plural) excuse me a leek extraordinary delicious the (plural) the wine are the chicken I would like beautiful no a bottle of water the turkey see you soon that is… good always everybody for him terrible for me how much is it? fantastic hello a bottle of wine and have a good day thank you good evening

60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65.

a table hi aren't a please I think

1. une réservation 2. au revoir 3. c'est 4. absolument 5. un café 6. tout 7. le restaurant 8. est 9. très 10. mon 11. ça 12. bonne nuit 13. l'hôtel 14. sympa 15. deux personnes 16. la nourriture 17. ce n'est pas 18. n'est pas 19. bonne soirée 20. mais 21. oui 22. parfait 23. ici 24. un thé 25. l'eau 26. l'addition 27. une carotte 28. aussi 29. pour elle 30. mes 31. excusez-moi

32. un poireau 33. extraordinaire 34. délicieux 35. les 36. le vin 37. sont 38. le poulet 39. je voudrais 40. beau 41. non 42. une bouteille d'eau 43. la dinde 44. à bientôt 45. ça c'est… 46. bon 47. toujours 48. tout le monde 49. pour lui 50. terrible 51. pour moi 52. c'est combien? 53. fantastique 54. bonjour 55. une bouteille de vin 56. et 57. bonne journée 58. merci 59. bonsoir 60. une table 61. salut 62. ne sont pas 63. un

64. s'il vous plaît 65. pour moi

LESSON 11 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? a bottle how much is it? excuse me the water the bill a bottle of wine a bottle of water the wine If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in French for this lesson, It’s a verb:

essayer It means “(to) try” You pronounce it “ess-ay-ay”

essayer = (to) try I’ve put the “to” in brackets in “to try”. This is because, in English, sometimes the verb is “to try” and other times we simply say “try”. For example, look at the two sentences in English below:

I would like to try the wine. Can I try the wine? The first sentence uses “to try” and the second uses just “try”. This is an English thing that doesn’t change anything in French; in French, you always use “essayer” whether it’s “to try” or just “try” in English.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to try the wine.

I would like to try the wine. Je voudrais essayer le vin.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to try the cheese.

I would like to try the cheese. Je voudrais essayer le fromage.

Here’s your next phrase in French:

puis-je It means “can I” You pronounce it “pwee-je”

How would you say this in French?

Can I try the wine?

Can I try the wine? Puis-je essayer le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Can I try the cheese?

Can I try the cheese? Puis-je essayer le fromage?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to try that, please.

I would like to try that, please. Je voudrais essayer ça.

This phrase also has a second meaning in French:

puis-je It can also mean “may I” You pronounce it “pwee-je”

How would you say this in French?

May I try that?

May I try that? Puis-je essayer ça?

Here’s another verb for you to use in French:

payer It means “(to) pay” You pronounce it “pay-ay”

payer In French, you don’t pay FOR something; you simply pay. What I mean is that you don’t have to use the word “pour” with “payer” like we do in English. Look at the example below:

je voudrais payer le vin I would like to pay for the wine In French, the sentence above literally means “I would like to pay the wine”.

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay for the coffees?

Can I pay for the coffees? Puis-je payer les cafés?

WORD LIST SO FAR essayer – (to) try puis-je – can I? / may I? payer – (to) pay / (to) pay for

How would you say this in French?

May I pay for the wine?

May I pay for the wine? Puis-je payer le vin?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to pay the bill.

I would like to pay the bill. Je voudrais payer l’addition.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to pay my bill.

I would like to pay my bill. Je voudrais payer mon addition.

I’ll give you a final verb for this lesson:

faire It means “(to) make” You pronounce it “fair”

What is a verb? All these words that I’ve been giving to you this lesson with the “(to)” in front of them are called verbs. They are sometimes called action words: to try, to pay, to make. In English, you often see them with a “to” in front of them. So far, we’ve had:

essayer (to) try

payer (to) pay

faire (to) make

How would you say this in French?

Can I make a reservation?

Can I make a reservation? Puis-je faire une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to make a reservation.

I would like to make a reservation. Je voudrais faire une réservation.

How would you say this in French?

May I make a reservation for three people, please?

May I make a reservation for three people, please? Puis-je faire une réservation pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to make a reservation for eight people.

I would like to make a reservation for eight people. Je voudrais faire une réservation pour huit personnes.

WORD LIST SO FAR essayer – (to) try puis-je – can I? / may I? payer – (to) pay / (to) pay for faire – (to) make

Now we’ve added a few verbs to our collection of French vocabulary, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. If you grab a piece of paper, see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to try that, please

2.

Can I try the wine?

3.

Can I make a reservation?

4.

I would like to make a reservation

5.

Can I make a reservation for three people, please?

6.

Can I pay for the coffee?

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

May I try the chicken, please?

9.

Can I pay here?

10. Can I pay the bill, please?

1.

Je voudrais essayer ça, s’il vous plaît

2.

Puis-je essayer le vin?

3.

Puis-je faire une réservation?

4.

Je voudrais faire une réservation

5.

Puis-je faire une réservation pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît?

6.

Puis-je payer le café?

7.

Puis-je essayer le fromage, s’il vous plaît?

8.

Puis-je essayer le poulet, s’il vous plaît?

9.

Puis-je payer ici ?

10. Puis-je payer l’addition, s’il vous plaît?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Puis-je essayer ça, s’il vous plaît? 2. Je voudrais payer l’addition, s’il vous plaît 3. Puis-je faire une réservation pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît? 4. Puis-je essayer la dinde, s’il vous plaît? 5. Puis-je payer le vin? 6. Puis-je payer le café? 7. Je voudrais payer le vin, s’il vous plaît 8. Puis-je essayer le vin? 9. Je voudrais essayer le fromage 10. Puis-je payer l’addition, s’il vous plaît?

1. Can I try that, please? 2. I would like to pay the bill, please 3. Can I make a reservation for three people, please? 4. Can I try the turkey, please? 5. Can I pay for the wine? 6. Can I pay for the coffee? 7. I would like to pay for the wine, please 8. Can I try the wine? 9. I would like to try the cheese 10. Can I pay the bill, please?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

2.

I think it’s delicious

3.

Everything is perfect

4.

Hello, I would like a table for three people, please

5.

The chicken is delicious

6.

It’s always here

7.

It isn’t fantastic

8.

A table for five, please

9.

My turkey is fantastic

10. That isn’t good for him

1.

Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique

2.

Pour moi, c’est délicieux

3.

Tout est parfait

4.

Bonjour, je voudrais une table pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît

5.

Le poulet est délicieux

6.

C’est toujours ici

7.

Ce n’est pas fantastique

8.

Une table pour cinq, s’il vous plaît

9.

Ma dinde est fantastique

10. Ça ce n’est pas bon pour lui

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas pour lui; c’est pour elle 2. Excusez-moi, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît 3. C’est très beau ici 4. Mon hôtel est très bon 5. Le restaurant ici est fantastique 6. C’est toujours très bon 7. Mes carottes sont parfaites 8. Je voudrais une réservation, s’il vous plaît 9. Au revoir et bonne soirée 10. C’est toujours fantastique ici

1. It isn’t for him; it’s for her 2. Excuse me, I would like a coffee, please 3. It’s very beautiful here 4. My hotel is very good 5. The restaurant here is fantastic 6. It’s always very good 7. My carrots are perfect 8. I would like a reservation, please 9. Goodbye and have a good evening 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

my (plural) the chicken the wine the bill but my hi for her it isn’t that is… very the turkey absolutely I think a carrot a leek two people everything no have a good evening good perfect everybody goodbye and a bottle of water the food

28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59.

how much is it? always a table see you soon fantastic nice is the water hello a tea thank you for him here a reservation isn’t have a good day a bottle of wine extraordinary are a please (to) pay aren't terrible it is beautiful (to) try excuse me the hotel yes the (plural) also

60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69.

can I? delicious good evening the restaurant goodnight a coffee (to) make for me that I would like

1. mes 2. le poulet 3. le vin 4. l'addition 5. mais 6. mon 7. salut 8. pour elle 9. ce n'est pas 10. ça c'est… 11. très 12. la dinde 13. absolument 14. pour moi 15. une carotte 16. un poireau 17. deux personnes 18. tout 19. non 20. bonne soirée 21. bon 22. parfait 23. tout le monde 24. au revoir 25. et 26. une bouteille d'eau 27. la nourriture 28. c'est combien? 29. toujours 30. une table 31. à bientôt

32. fantastique 33. sympa 34. est 35. l'eau 36. bonjour 37. un thé 38. merci 39. pour lui 40. ici 41. une réservation 42. n'est pas 43. bonne journée 44. une bouteille de vin 45. extraordinaire 46. sont 47. un 48. s'il vous plaît 49. payer 50. ne sont pas 51. terrible 52. c'est 53. beau 54. essayer 55. excusez-moi 56. l'hôtel 57. oui 58. les 59. aussi 60. puis-je? 61. délicieux 62. bonsoir 63. le restaurant

64. bonne nuit 65. un café 66. faire 67. pour moi 68. ça 69. je voudrais

LESSON 12 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? (to) pay (to) make (to) try can I? / may I? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s add another verb to your ever-growing collection:

louer It means “(to) hire” or “(to) rent” You pronounce it “loo-ay”

How would you say this in French?

How much is it to hire that?

How much is it to hire that? C’est combien louer ça?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to hire that.

I would like to hire that. Je voudrais louer ça.

How would you say this in French?

Can I hire that?

Can I hire that? Puis-je louer ça?

How would you say this in French?

Can I hire that for two people, please?

Can I hire that for two people, please? Puis-je louer ça pour deux personnes, s’il vous plaît?

Let me give you something that you can hire:

une voiture It means “a car” You pronounce it “oon vwa-ture”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to hire a car.

I would like to hire a car. Je voudrais louer une voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Can I hire a car?

Can I hire a car? Puis-je louer une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

I would like a car for five people.

I would like a car for five people. Je voudrais une voiture pour cinq personnes.

How would you say this in French? Don’t forget that when you describe feminine nouns, you must use the feminine version of the adjective:

The car is perfect.

The car is perfect. La voiture est parfaite.

How would you say this in French?

I think the car is very good.

I think the car is very good. Pour moi, la voiture est très bonne.

How would you say this in French?

The car is perfect for five people.

The car is perfect for five people. La voiture est parfaite pour cinq personnes.

Here’s a common yet useful word in French:

une semaine It means “one week” or “a week” You pronounce it “oon ser-men”

How would you say this in French?

Can I hire a car for one week?

Can I hire a car for one week? Puis-je louer une voiture pour une semaine?

WORD LIST SO FAR louer – to hire une voiture – a car une semaine – a week / one week

How would you say this in French?

I would like a car for one week.

I would like a car for one week. Je voudrais une voiture pour une semaine.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for one week?

How much is it for one week? C’est combien pour une semaine?

How would you say this in French?

It’s for one week.

It’s for one week. C’est pour une semaine.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody is here for one week.

Everybody is here for one week. Tout le monde est ici pour une semaine.

I’m sure you’ll be able to guess what this means:

deux semaines It means “two weeks” You pronounce it “der ser-men”

How would you say this in French?

Can I hire a car for two weeks?

Can I hire a car for two weeks? Puis-je louer une voiture pour deux semaines?

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for two weeks?

How much is it for two weeks? C’est combien pour deux semaines?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please.

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please. Je voudrais louer ça pour deux semaines, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

It’s for two weeks.

It’s for two weeks. C’est pour deux semaines.

This word is a little shorter than a week:

un jour It means “a day” or “one day” You pronounce it “an(g) joor”

How would you say this in French?

I’d like a car for one day, please.

WORD LIST SO FAR louer – to hire / to rent une voiture – a car une semaine – a week / one week deux semaines – two weeks un jour – a day / one day

I’d like a car for one day, please. Je voudrais une voiture pour un jour, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for one day?

How much is it for one day? C’est combien pour un jour?

How would you say this in French?

It’s for one day.

It’s for one day. C’est pour un jour.

How would you say this in French?

Can I hire that for one day?

Can I hire that for one day? Puis-je louer ça pour un jour?

How would you say this in French?

I would like the car for one day, please.

I would like the car for one day, please. Je voudrais la voiture pour un jour, s’il vous plaît.

You can probably guess what this means:

deux jours It means “two days” You pronounce it “der joor”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to hire a car for two days.

I would like to hire a car for two days. Je voudrais louer une voiture pour deux jours.

How would you say this in French?

It’s for two days.

It’s for two days. C’est pour deux jours.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for two days?

How much is it for two days? C’est combien pour deux jours?

How would you say this in French?

I would like the car for two days.

I would like the car for two days. Je voudrais la voiture pour deux jours.

How would you say this in French?

Can I hire that for two days?

Can I hire that for two days? Puis-je louer ça pour deux jours ?

This word is a little longer than a week:

un mois It means “a month” or “one month” You pronounce it “an(g) mwah”

How would you say this in French?

It’s for one month.

It’s for one month. C’est pour un mois.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for one month?

How much is it for one month? C’est combien pour un mois ?

The word “mois” already ends in the letter S, so to make it plural, you just leave it as it is:

deux mois It means “two months” You pronounce it “der mwah”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to hire the car for two months, please.

I would like to hire the car for two months, please. Je voudrais louer la voiture pour deux mois, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for two months?

How much is it for two months? C’est combien pour deux mois ?

WORD LIST SO FAR louer – to hire / to rent une voiture – a car une semaine – one week deux semaines – two weeks un jour – one day deux jours – two days un mois – one month deux mois – two months

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to hire a car. How much is it?

2.

How much is it for eight days?

3.

My car is terrible

4.

How much is it for two weeks?

5.

Can I hire a car for three weeks, please?

6.

Can I hire a car for three days, please?

7.

I would like to hire a car for one week. How much is it?

8.

I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much is it?

9.

How much is it for nine days?

10. I would like to hire two cars

1.

Je voudrais louer une voiture. C’est combien?

2.

C’est combien pour huit jours?

3.

Ma voiture est terrible

4.

C’est combien pour deux semaines?

5.

Puis-je louer une voiture pour trois semaines, s’il vous plaît?

6.

Puis-je louer une voiture pour trois jours, s’il vous plaît?

7.

Je voudrais louer une voiture pour une semaine. C’est combien?

8.

Je voudrais louer une voiture pour deux semaines. C’est combien?

9.

C’est combien pour neuf jours?

10. Je voudrais louer deux voitures

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. C’est combien pour six jours? 2. C’est combien pour cinq jours? 3. Puis-je louer une voiture ici? 4. Je voudrais louer deux voitures 5. Je voudrais louer une voiture 6. Je voudrais louer une voiture pour trois jours, s’il vous plaît 7. La voiture est parfaite 8. Ma voiture est terrible 9. C’est combien pour deux semaines? 10. C’est combien pour trois jours?

1. How much is it for six days? 2. How much is it for five days? 3. Can I hire a car here? 4. I would like to hire two cars 5. I would like to hire a car 6. I would like to hire a car for three days, please 7. The car is perfect 8. My car is terrible 9. How much is it for two weeks? 10. How much is it for three days?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant here is fantastic

2.

The turkey is always terrible here

3.

I think it’s very good here

4.

Everybody is here

5.

That isn’t very good

6.

Everything is perfect

7.

Have a good evening

8.

Have a good day

9.

I would like to make a reservation

10. How much is my bill?

1.

Le restaurant ici est fantastique

2.

La dinde est toujours terrible ici

3.

Pour moi, c’est très bon ici

4.

Tout le monde est ici

5.

Ça ce n’est pas très bon

6.

Tout est parfait

7.

Bonne soirée

8.

Bonne journée

9.

Je voudrais faire une réservation

10. C’est combien mon addition?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Bonjour, je voudrais une table pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît 2. L’hôtel est très bon 3. Ce n’est pas bon ici 4. Tout le monde ici est très sympa 5. La dinde est parfaite 6. Je voudrais une bouteille d’eau, s’il vous plaît 7. Je voudrais mon addition, s’il vous plaît 8. Le poulet est toujours fantastique ici 9. C’est pour elle 10. Le restaurant est très bon

1. Hello, I’d like a table for three people, please 2. The hotel is very good 3. It isn’t good here 4. Everybody here is very nice 5. The turkey is perfect 6. I would like a bottle of water, please 7. I would like my bill, please 8. The chicken is always fantastic here 9. It’s for her 10. The restaurant is very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. my (plural) 2. the chicken 3. absolutely 4. I would like 5. nice 6. a reservation 7. a leek 8. everything 9. a day 10. terrible 11. a month 12. hi 13. a 14. always 15. good 16. have a good day 17. goodbye 18. the (plural) 19. it isn’t 20. aren't 21. a bottle of wine 22. for him 23. here 24. delicious 25. are 26. (to) pay 27. good evening 28. very 29. a tea 30. for me 31. (to) hire

32. it is 33. have a good evening 34. but 35. the water 36. a bottle of water 37. the bill 38. the wine 39. thank you 40. is 41. how much is it? 42. goodnight 43. please 44. fantastic 45. the hotel 46. beautiful 47. the food 48. that 49. also 50. see you soon 51. extraordinary 52. a table 53. a week 54. two days 55. excuse me 56. and 57. perfect 58. I think 59. can I? 60. no 61. a coffee 62. yes 63. hello 64. for her 65. (to) make 66. a car 67. two people

68. the restaurant 69. my 70. (to) try 71. everybody 72. the turkey 73. a carrot 74. two months 75. two weeks 76. isn’t 77. that is…

1. mes 2. le poulet 3. absolument 4. je voudrais 5. sympa 6. une réservation 7. un poireau 8. tout 9. un jour 10. terrible 11. un mois 12. salut 13. un 14. toujours 15. bon 16. bonne journée 17. au revoir 18. les 19. ce n'est pas 20. ne sont pas 21. une bouteille de vin 22. pour lui 23. ici 24. délicieux 25. sont 26. payer 27. bonsoir 28. très 29. un thé 30. pour moi 31. louer

32. c'est 33. bonne soirée 34. mais 35. l'eau 36. une bouteille d'eau 37. l'addition 38. le vin 39. merci 40. est 41. c'est combien? 42. bonne nuit 43. s'il vous plaît 44. fantastique 45. l'hôtel 46. beau 47. la nourriture 48. ça 49. aussi 50. à bientôt 51. extraordinaire 52. une table 53. une semaine 54. deux jours 55. excusez-moi 56. et 57. parfait 58. pour moi 59. puis-je? 60. non 61. un café 62. oui 63. bonjour

64. pour elle 65. faire 66. une voiture 67. deux personnes 68. le restaurant 69. mon 70. essayer 71. tout le monde 72. la dinde 73. une carotte 74. deux mois 75. deux semaines 76. n'est pas 77. ça c'est…

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons ten to twelve of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirteen to fifteen, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club/udemy You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare: 3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4

3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses: French - Verbs 1

Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-2/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2odAiw5 Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 13 – 15 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 10-12”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 13 LESSON 14 LESSON 15 Merci

LESSON 13 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? two weeks one day (to) hire / (to) rent two days a car two months one week one month If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This word is the same as the English but it’s just pronounced a little differently:

euros It means “euros” You pronounce it “err-oh”

How would you say this in French?

It’s ten euros.

It’s ten euros. C’est dix euros.

How would you say this in French?

The bill is fifty euros.

The bill is fifty euros. L’addition est cinquante euros.

How would you say this in French?

It’s one euro.

It’s one euro. C’est un euro.

How would you say this in French?

The wine is ten euros.

The wine is ten euros. Le vin est dix euros.

How would you say this in French?

It’s five euros for one day.

It’s five euros for one day. C’est cinq euros pour un jour.

This word goes nicely with “euros”:

centimes It means “cents” You pronounce it “son-teem”

How would you say this in French?

It’s fifty cents.

It’s fifty cents. C’est cinquante centimes.

How would you say this in French?

The bottle of water is sixty cents.

The bottle of water is sixty cents. La bouteille d’eau est soixante centimes.

How would you say this in French?

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water.

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water. C’est cinquante centimes pour une bouteille d’eau.

Here’s your next word in French:

par It means “per” You pronounce it “par”

par You can use “par” to mean “per” with any of the time phrases we’ve learnt so far.

par jour per day

par semaine per week

par mois per month

par personne per person

How would you say this in French?

How much is it per day?

How much is it per day? C’est combien par jour?

WORD LIST SO FAR euros – euros centimes – cents par – per

How would you say this in French?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. C’est dix euros par semaine.

How would you say this in French?

It’s fifty euros per person.

It’s fifty euros per person. C’est cinquante euros par personne.

How would you say this in French?

How much is the car per week?

How much is the car per week? C’est combien la voiture par semaine ?

French money The way the French talk about how much something is, is very similar to how we do it in English. Usually, in English, we only say the word euro, for example: “it’s two euros fifty” and we don’t bother saying “cents”. Well, this is the same in French: c’est deux euros cinquante On the other hand, you would use the word for “cents” (centimes) if there were no euros involved, for example, “it’s twenty cents” - “c’est vingt centimes” However, this isn't set in stone and it just depends on who is speaking. One person might choose to say “three euros twenty”, another might say “three euros twenty cents” or another might just say “three twenty”. It’s exactly the same in French. Additionally, the way that money is written varies from place to place. These are the following ways that I've seen money written on price labels:

€3,50 3,50€ 3€50 One thing that is the same wherever you go, is that the French use a comma instead of a decimal point and a decimal point instead of a comma! So, that's why there is a comma in the prices above. And, “three thousand euros” would be written as €3.000 with a decimal point!

Anyway, how would you say this in French?

It’s three euros fifty.

It’s three euros fifty. C’est trois euros cinquante.

How would you say this in French?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. C’est dix euros par semaine.

WORD LIST SO FAR euros – euros centimes – cents par – per par jour – per day par semaine – per week par mois – per month par personne – per person

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s sixty euros

2.

It’s eighty one euros

3.

It’s fifty cents

4.

It’s twenty euros for two days

5.

It’s fifty-three euros

6.

It’s eighty-three euros

7.

It’s ten euros per bottle

8.

It’s fifty-two euros

9.

It’s eighty euros

10. It’s thirty euros per month

1.

C’est soixante euros

2.

C’est quatre-vingt-un euros

3.

C’est cinquante euros

4.

C’est vingt euros pour deux jours

5.

C’est cinquante-trois euros

6.

C’est quatre-vingt-trois euros

7.

C’est dix euros par bouteille

8.

C’est cinquante-deux euros

9.

C’est quatre-vingts euros

10. C’est trente euros par mois

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. C’est vingt-et-un euros 2. C’est cinquante-et-un euros 3. C’est cinquante euros 4. C’est soixante-dix centimes 5. C’est cinquante-trois euros 6. C’est trente euros par mois 7. C’est vingt-deux euros 8. C’est quatre-vingt-deux euros 9. C’est quatre-vingt-un euros 10. C’est soixante euros

1. It’s twenty-one euros 2. It’s fifty-one euros 3. It’s fifty euros 4. It’s seventy cents 5. It’s fifty-three euros 6. It’s thirty euros per month 7. It’s twenty-two euros 8. It’s eighty-two euros 9. It’s eighty one euros 10. It’s sixty euros

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The food here is very good

2.

The leeks are very good

3.

The chicken and the turkey are delicious

4.

The turkey is delicious

5.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

6.

That is perfect

7.

May I try the wine?

8.

I think everybody is very nice

9.

Also, I would like a coffee, please

10. Yes, it’s for me

1.

La nourriture ici est très bonne

2.

Les poireaux sont très bons

3.

Le poulet et la dinde sont délicieux

4.

La dinde est délicieuse

5.

Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique

6.

Ça c’est parfait

7.

Puis-je essayer le vin?

8.

Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa

9.

Aussi, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît

10. Oui, c’est pour moi

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais une bouteille d’eau, s’il vous plaît 2. L’hôtel est terrible 3. Oui, c’est pour moi 4. Puis-je louer une voiture pour deux semaines, s’il vous plaît? 5. Je voudrais louer une voiture pour deux semaines. C’est combien? 6. Une bouteille de vin pour elle et l’addition pour moi 7. Oui, ça c’est très bon mais ce n’est pas parfait 8. Ce n’est pas très bon 9. C’est combien le poulet? 10. La dinde est parfaite et, aussi, mon café est délicieux

1. I would like a bottle of water, please 2. The hotel is terrible 3. Yes, it’s for me 4. Can I hire a car for two weeks, please? 5. I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much is it? 6. A bottle of wine for her and the bill for me 7. Yes, that is very good but it isn’t perfect 8. It isn’t very good 9. How much is the chicken? 10. The turkey is perfect and, also, my coffee is delicious

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. also 2. terrible 3. thank you 4. a car 5. that is… 6. (to) make 7. please 8. delicious 9. two months 10. for him 11. very 12. for me 13. the turkey 14. always 15. the food 16. per day 17. the chicken 18. nice 19. I think 20. (to) try

21. the bill 22. a coffee 23. the wine 24. two people 25. a month 26. a bottle of wine 27. my (plural) 28. the water 29. two days 30. aren't 31. hello 32. good evening 33. it is 34. see you soon 35. a tea 36. the (plural) 37. and 38. everything 39. for her 40. I would like 41. a carrot 42. have a good day 43. extraordinary

44. everybody 45. no 46. have a good evening 47. per 48. a leek 49. goodbye 50. goodnight 51. (to) pay 52. hi 53. beautiful 54. perfect 55. how much is it? 56. cents 57. per month 58. but 59. a 60. yes 61. (to) hire 62. absolutely 63. a bottle of water 64. per person 65. that 66. a reservation

67. my 68. good 69. are 70. a day 71. fantastic 72. excuse me 73. it isn’t 74. per week 75. a week 76. isn’t 77. a table 78. the restaurant 79. here 80. euros 81. is 82. can I? 83. two weeks 84. the hotel

1. aussi 2. terrible 3. merci 4. une voiture 5. ça c'est… 6. faire 7. s'il vous plaît 8. délicieux 9. deux mois 10. pour lui 11. très 12. pour moi 13. la dinde 14. toujours 15. la nourriture 16. par jour 17. le poulet 18. sympa 19. pour moi 20. essayer 21. l'addition 22. un café 23. le vin

24. deux personnes 25. un mois 26. une bouteille de vin 27. mes 28. l'eau 29. deux jours 30. ne sont pas 31. bonjour 32. bonsoir 33. c'est 34. à bientôt 35. un thé 36. les 37. et 38. tout 39. pour elle 40. je voudrais 41. une carotte 42. bonne journée 43. extraordinaire 44. tout le monde 45. non 46. bonne soirée

47. par 48. un poireau 49. au revoir 50. bonne nuit 51. payer 52. salut 53. beau 54. parfait 55. c'est combien? 56. centimes 57. par mois 58. mais 59. un 60. oui 61. louer 62. absolument 63. une bouteille d'eau 64. par personne 65. ça 66. une réservation 67. mon 68. bon 69. sont

70. un jour 71. fantastique 72. excusez-moi 73. ce n'est pas 74. par semaine 75. une semaine 76. n'est pas 77. une table 78. le restaurant 79. ici 80. euros 81. est 82. puis-je? 83. deux semaines 84. l'hôtel

LESSON 14 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? euros cents per per day per week per month per person If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful question phrase:

à quelle heure It means “(at) what time” We don’t always say “at” in English in the phrase “at what time”; sometimes we just say “what time”. However, in French, you always have to say “à quelle heure” You pronounce it “ah kell eur”

How would you say this in French?

At what time is the reservation?

At what time is the reservation? À quelle heure est la réservation ?

Here’s the most important meal of the day:

le petit-déjeuner It means “the breakfast” You pronounce it “ler pe-tee deh-jer-nay”

How would you say this in French?

The breakfast here is fantastic.

The breakfast here is fantastic. Le petit-déjeuner ici est fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? À quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner? Did you get this translation correct ? Or did you miss out the word “le”? In English, the sentence is “At what time is breakfast?” but, in French, you must always say “the breakfast”. This means, you should really say “At what time is the breakfast?”. That’s why it’s “le petit-déjeuner” and not just “petit-déjeuner”.

How would you say this in French?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? À quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner?

How would you say this in French?

I think the breakfast is perfect.

I think the breakfast is perfect. Pour moi, le petit-déjeuner est parfait.

How would you say this in French?

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious.

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious. Le petit-déjeuner ici est toujours absolument délicieux.

WORD LIST SO FAR à quelle heure – (at) what time le petit-déjeuner – the breakfast

How would you say this in French?

The breakfast is here.

The breakfast is here. Le petit-déjeuner est ici.

How would you say this in French?

I would like breakfast here.

I would like breakfast here. Je voudrais le petit-déjeuner ici.

The next meal is:

le déjeuner It means “the lunch” You pronounce it “ler deh-jer-nay”

How would you say this in French?

What time is lunch?

What time is lunch? À quelle heure est le déjeuner?

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay for lunch?

Can I pay for lunch? Puis-je payer le déjeuner?

How would you say this in French?

The lunch is terrible here.

The lunch is terrible here. Le déjeuner est terrible ici.

How would you say this in French?

Can I make a reservation for lunch?

Can I make a reservation for lunch? Puis-je faire une réservation pour le déjeuner?

The final meal of the day, and often the biggest, is:

le dîner It means “the dinner” You pronounce it “ler dee-nay”

So, how would you say this in French?

What time is dinner?

WORD LIST SO FAR à quelle heure – (at) what time le petit-déjeuner – the breakfast le déjeuner – the lunch le dîner – the dinner

What time is dinner? À quelle heure est le dîner?

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay for dinner?

Can I pay for dinner? Puis-je payer le dîner?

How would you say this in French?

Dinner is delicious.

Dinner is delicious. Le dîner est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

The dinner here is always fantastic.

The dinner here is always fantastic. Le dîner ici est toujours fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

How much is the dinner here?

How much is the dinner here? C’est combien le dîner ici?

How would you say this in French?

I think the dinner is terrible.

I think the dinner is terrible. Pour moi, le dîner est terrible.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The breakfast isn’t bad but the dinner is delicious

2.

My lunch is absolutely perfect

3.

The dinner here is terrible

4.

My breakfast is here

5.

For breakfast, I’d like an orange juice

6.

For lunch, I’d like a baguette

7.

What time is dinner?

8.

The dinner is perfect

9.

My breakfast is fantastic

10. The dinner is here

1.

Le petit-déjeuner n’est pas mauvais mais le dîner est délicieux

2.

Mon déjeuner est absolument parfait

3.

Le dîner ici est terrible

4.

Mon petit-déjeuner est ici

5.

Pour le petit-déjeuner, je voudrais un jus d’orange

6.

Pour le déjeuner, je voudrais une baguette

7.

À quelle heure est le dîner?

8.

Le dîner est parfait

9.

Mon petit-déjeuner est fantastique

10. Le dîner est ici

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Le petit-déjeuner n’est pas mauvais mais le déjeuner est délicieux 2. Mon déjeuner est délicieux 3. Mon dîner est délicieux 4. Pour le petit-déjeuner, je voudrais un croissant 5. Mon petit-déjeuner est terrible 6. Le dîner ici est délicieux 7. Le petit-déjeuner ici est absolument fantastique 8. C’est combien le déjeuner? 9. Mon déjeuner est absolument parfait 10. Mon déjeuner est ici

1. The breakfast isn’t bad but the lunch is delicious 2. My lunch is delicious 3. My dinner is delicious 4. For breakfast, I would like a croissant 5. My breakfast is terrible 6. The dinner here is delicious 7. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 8. How much is lunch? 9. My lunch is absolutely perfect 10. My lunch is here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a table for four, please

2.

How much is it for six days?

3.

It’s thirty euros per month

4.

It’s eighty euros

5.

How much is it for four days?

6.

I think it’s fantastic

7.

It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary

8.

Everything is here

9.

How much is it for two days?

10. Excuse me, the bill, please

1.

Je voudrais une table pour quatre, s’il vous plaît

2.

C’est combien pour six jours?

3.

C’est trente euros par mois

4.

C’est quatre-vingts euros

5.

C’est combien pour quatre jours?

6.

Pour moi, c’est fantastique

7.

Ce n’est pas bon; c’est absolument extraordinaire

8.

Tout est ici

9.

C’est combien pour deux jours?

10. Excusez-moi, l’addition, s’il vous plaît

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour moi 2. Je voudrais une table pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît 3. Oui, c’est pour moi, merci 4. Ce n’est pas fantastique mais c’est très bon 5. Un café pour moi 6. Ma dinde est parfaite 7. Je voudrais essayer le vin, s’il vous plaît 8. C’est huit cent euros 9. Ça c’est ma dinde 10. Puis-je essayer le poulet, s’il vous plaît?

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 2. I’d like a table for three people, please 3. Yes, it’s for me, thank you 4. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 5. A coffee for me 6. My turkey is perfect 7. I’d like to try the wine, please 8. It’s eight hundred euros 9. That’s my turkey 10. Can I try the chicken, please?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. a bottle of wine 2. please 3. goodbye 4. hello 5. hi 6. and 7. it is 8. (the) dinner 9. always 10. is 11. yes 12. per person 13. are 14. my 15. have a good evening 16. the turkey 17. two days 18. the (plural) 19. have a good day 20. here

21. isn’t 22. perfect 23. the water 24. for me 25. thank you 26. beautiful 27. no 28. everybody 29. a bottle of water 30. nice 31. (to) hire 32. good evening 33. per month 34. (to) pay 35. it isn’t 36. a week 37. a month 38. fantastic 39. extraordinary 40. (the) breakfast 41. for her 42. at what time 43. the wine

44. the bill 45. the restaurant 46. goodnight 47. a day 48. two weeks 49. a carrot 50. per week 51. a tea 52. (the) lunch 53. per 54. can I? 55. aren't 56. that 57. two people 58. a reservation 59. a 60. but 61. my (plural) 62. excuse me 63. good 64. for him 65. euros 66. I would like

67. a car 68. how much is it? 69. the hotel 70. cents 71. also 72. two months 73. a coffee 74. a leek 75. absolutely 76. (to) try 77. see you soon 78. the food 79. per day 80. the chicken 81. a table 82. very 83. that is… 84. (to) make 85. I think 86. terrible 87. everything 88. delicious

1. une bouteille de vin 2. s'il vous plaît 3. au revoir 4. bonjour 5. salut 6. et 7. c'est 8. le dîner 9. toujours 10. est 11. oui 12. par personne 13. sont 14. mon 15. bonne soirée 16. la dinde 17. deux jours 18. les 19. bonne journée 20. ici 21. n'est pas 22. parfait 23. l'eau

24. pour moi 25. merci 26. beau 27. non 28. tout le monde 29. une bouteille d'eau 30. sympa 31. louer 32. bonsoir 33. par mois 34. payer 35. ce n'est pas 36. une semaine 37. un mois 38. fantastique 39. extraordinaire 40. le petit-déjeuner 41. pour elle 42. à quelle heure 43. le vin 44. l'addition 45. le restaurant 46. bonne nuit

47. un jour 48. deux semaines 49. une carotte 50. par semaine 51. un thé 52. le déjeuner 53. par 54. puis-je? 55. ne sont pas 56. ça 57. deux personnes 58. une réservation 59. un 60. mais 61. mes 62. excusez-moi 63. bon 64. pour lui 65. euros 66. je voudrais 67. une voiture 68. c'est combien? 69. l'hôtel

70. centimes 71. aussi 72. deux mois 73. un café 74. un poireau 75. absolument 76. essayer 77. à bientôt 78. la nourriture 79. par jour 80. le poulet 81. une table 82. très 83. ça c'est… 84. faire 85. pour moi 86. terrible 87. tout 88. délicieux

LESSON 15 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? (at) what time the breakfast the lunch the dinner If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This lesson is going to be all about telling the time. Here’s your first time related phrase:

à … heures It means “at … o’clock” You pronounce it “ah … eur” You can put any number in between the “à” and the “heures”

How would you say this in French?

At three o’clock.

At three o’clock. À trois heures.

How would you say this in French?

It is at five o’clock.

It is at five o’clock. C’est à cinq heures.

How would you say this in French?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. Le dîner est à huit heures.

How would you say this in French?

Breakfast is at seven o’clock.

Breakfast is at seven o’clock. Le petit-déjeuner est à sept heures.

7am vs. 7pm There are no words for a.m. or p.m. in French, but they do have two ways of differentiating between the two. Either you can use the 24 hour clock, which the French do a lot, or you can use these two phrases:

le matin (in the morning)

le soir (in the evening) You can put these two phrases after you say the time, for example:

c’est à huit heures le matin it’s at 8am

c’est à huit heures le soir it’s at 8pm Or, to show that you mean pm, you could use the 24 hour clock. For example:

c’est à vingt heures it’s at 8pm (20:00) How would you say this in French using the 24 hour clock?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. Le dîner est à vingt heures.

How would you say this in French?

Breakfast is at 7am.

Breakfast is at 7am. Le petit-déjeuner est à sept heures le matin.

How would you say this in French?

Dinner is at 5pm.

Dinner is at 5pm. Le dîner est à cinq heures le soir.

This phrase is similar to the last phrase we learnt but with a little extra bit:

à … heures et demie It means “at half past …” and you can put any number on the dots You pronounce it “ah … eur ay der-mee”

How would you say this in French?

Lunch is at half past two.

Lunch is at half past two. Le déjeuner est à deux heures et demie.

How would you say this in French?

It’s at half past five.

It’s at half past five. C’est à cinq heures et demie.

WORD LIST SO FAR à…heures – at…o’clock à…heures et demie – at half past… le matin – am (in the morning) le soir – pm (in the evening)

How would you say this in French?

The reservation is at half past three.

The reservation is at half past three. La réservation est à trois heures et demie.

How would you say this using the 24 hour clock?

It’s at half past two. (14:30)

It’s at half past two. C’est à quatorze heures et demie.

Let’s add another time phrase:

à … heures et quart It means “at quarter past…” and, again, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “ah … eur ay car”

How would you say this in French?

Lunch is at quarter past two.

Lunch is at quarter past two. Le déjeuner est à deux heures et quart.

How would you say this in French?

It’s at quarter past four.

It’s at quarter past four. C’est à quatre heures et quart.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven.

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven. Je voudrais faire une réservation à sept heures et quart.

How would you say this using the 24 hour clock?

It’s at 17:15.

It’s at 17:15. C’est à dix-sept heures et quart.

How would you say this in French?

My reservation is at 6:15pm.

My reservation is at 6:15pm. Ma réservation est à six heures et quart le soir.

How would you say this in French?

Breakfast is at quarter past eight in the morning.

Breakfast is at quarter past eight in the morning. Le petit-déjeuner est à huit heures et quart le matin.

Let’s add another time phrase:

à … heures moins le quart It means “at quarter to…” and, as always, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “ah … eur mwan(g) ler car”

How would you say this in French?

My reservation is at quarter to eight.

My reservation is at quarter to eight. Ma réservation est à huit heures moins le quart.

How would you say this in French?

Lunch is at quarter to two.

Lunch is at quarter to two. Le déjeuner est à deux heures moins le quart.

How would you say this in French?

It’s at quarter to seven.

It’s at quarter to seven. C’est à sept heures moins le quart.

How would you say this using the 24 hour clock?

Dinner is at quarter to seven.

Dinner is at quarter to seven. Le dîner est à dix-neuf heures moins le quart.

When you want to ask somebody what the time is right now, you can use this useful question:

Quelle heure est-il? It means “What time is it?” You pronounce it “kel eur eh-teel”

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, what time is it?

Excuse me, what time is it? Excusez-moi, quelle heure est-il ?

What time is it right now? All of the time phrases I’ve given you above mean “at” a specific time. They all start with the word “à”. However, if you want to say what time it is right now, there’s a slightly different way of saying “it is”. Here’s the phrase: il est … heures It means: it is … o’clock When you’re telling somebody what time it is right now, you must say “il est” for “it is” and you don’t say the little “à” that we’ve seen in all the time phrases we’ve looked at in this lesson. Look at the examples below:

il est sept heures it is seven o’clock

il est sept heures et quart it is quarter past seven

il est sept heures moins le quart it is quarter to seven

il est sept heures et demie it is half past seven

How would you say this in French?

It is four o’clock

It is four o’clock Il est quatre heures

How would you say this in French?

It is half past nine.

It is half past nine. Il est neuf heures et demie.

How would you say this in French?

It is 2pm.

It is 2pm. Il est deux heures le soir.

Writing the time In English, you usually use a colon to write the time. For example:

5:45pm 16:15 20:05 However, in French, instead of using a colon, you use a lower case ‘h’. So, the times I’ve put above would be written like this:

17h45 16h15 20h05 The little ‘h’ stands for ‘heures’.

Other times In this lesson, we’ve learnt how to say o’clock, half past, quarter past, and quarter to. But, what about the other times, like five past or twenty past? Well, in French, you always start by saying “…heures” and then you add anything else onto the end. For anything past the hour, you just add it on. So, “five past seven” would be “sept heures cinq”. For anything to the hour, you use the word “moins”, which means “less” or “minus”. So, “five to seven” would be “sept heures moins cinq” (literally meaning “seven hours minus five”). If you turn the page, I’ve listed most of the common times. You can change the seven or eight to any number you like.

07h00 - sept heures 07h05 - sept heures cinq 07h10 - sept heures dix 07h15 - sept heures et quart 07h20 - sept heures vingt 07h25 - sept heures vingt-cinq 07h30 - sept heures et demie 07h35 - huit heures moins vingt-cinq 07h40 - huit heures moins vingt 07h45 - huit heures moins le quart 07h50 - huit heures moins dix 07h55 - huit heures moins cinq 08h00 - huit heures

I’ve drawn a little clock for you to use to help you to tell the time in French. Well, I didn’t draw it, I used a computer to make it, but the sentiment still remains.

Just remember, whenever you want to say that something is “at” a specific time, you must say “à” in front of the time. If you just want to say what time it is now, you don’t need to bother with the “à” but you would use “il est” for “it is”.

WORD LIST SO FAR à…heures – at…o’clock à…heures et demie – at half past… le matin – am (in the morning) le soir – pm (in the evening) à…heures et quart – at quarter past… à…heures moins le quart – at quarter to… quelle heure est-il ? – what time is it ? il est…heures – it is…o’clock (right now)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At half past two

2.

It’s at quarter past nine

3.

It’s at quarter to eight

4.

It’s half past four

5.

It’s quarter to three

6.

It’s at half past four

7.

It’s at quarter to six

8.

It’s half past five

9.

Dinner is at eight o’clock

10. It’s two o’clock

1.

À deux heures et demie

2.

C’est à neuf heures et quart

3.

C’est à huit heures moins le quart

4.

Il est quatre heures et quart

5.

Il est trois heures moins le quart

6.

C’est à quatre heures et demie

7.

C’est à six heures moins le quart

8.

Il est cinq heures et demie

9.

Le dîner est à huit heures

10. Il est deux heures

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. C’est à six heures et quart 2. Il est deux heures et quart 3. Le déjeuner est à trois heures 4. C’est à sept heures moins le quart 5. C’est à neuf heures 6. C’est à neuf heures et demie 7. Il est douze heures 8. C’est à deux heures 9. C’est à douze heures 10. Il est dix heures moins dix

1. It’s at quarter past six 2. It’s quarter past two 3. Lunch is at three o’clock 4. It’s at quarter to seven 5. It’s at nine o’clock 6. It’s at half past nine 7. It is twelve o’clock 8. It’s at two o’clock 9. It’s at twelve o’clock 10. It’s ten to ten

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please

2.

Can I hire a car for two weeks, please?

3.

It isn’t good

4.

The chicken is very good but the turkey is extraordinary

5.

The restaurant is very good

6.

I think my lunch is fantastic

7.

My breakfast is here

8.

I would like a reservation for three people, please

9.

My hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary

10. The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here

1.

Je voudrais un thé pour moi et un café pour elle, s’il vous plaît

2.

Puis-je louer une voiture pour deux semaines, s’il vous plaît?

3.

Ce n’est pas bon

4.

Le poulet est très bon mais la dinde est extraordinaire

5.

Le restaurant est très bon

6.

Pour moi, le déjeuner est fantastique

7.

Mon petit-déjeuner est ici

8.

Je voudrais une réservation pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît

9.

Mon hôtel est terrible mais le restaurant est extraordinaire

10. Le petit-déjeuner est absolument fantastique ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais une bouteille de vin. C’est combien? 2. Ça ce n’est pas ma dinde 3. Le vin est quatre euros 4. Je voudrais une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît 5. Mon poulet est parfait 6. La dinde est parfaite 7. Je voudrais trois cafés et deux thés, s’il vous plaît. C’est combien? 8. C’est absolument extraordinaire ici 9. Non, merci 10. C’est dix euros par bouteille

1. I would like a bottle of wine. How much is it? 2. That isn’t my turkey 3. The wine is four euros 4. I would like a table for two, please 5. My chicken is perfect 6. The turkey is perfect 7. I would like three coffees and two teas, please. How much is it? 8. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 9. No, thank you 10. It’s ten euros per bottle

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. a bottle of wine 2. a table 3. that 4. the bill 5. excuse me 6. (to) pay 7. how much is it? 8. can I? 9. per day 10. terrible 11. two weeks 12. two months 13. a week 14. goodbye 15. are 16. it isn’t 17. it is…o'clock 18. for him 19. it is 20. have a good day

21. (to) try 22. nice 23. a reservation 24. I would like 25. the restaurant 26. is 27. extraordinary 28. hi 29. the food 30. very 31. and 32. perfect 33. the wine 34. aren't 35. absolutely 36. (to) hire 37. everything 38. per month 39. (at)…o'clock 40. a tea 41. the chicken 42. euros 43. for her

44. the turkey 45. a month 46. that is… 47. my 48. (at) quarter past… 49. two people 50. goodnight 51. hello 52. (at) quarter to… 53. my (plural) 54. a carrot 55. I think 56. per 57. a 58. (the) breakfast 59. a coffee 60. a bottle of water 61. here 62. (the) dinner 63. fantastic 64. have a good evening 65. a leek 66. a car

67. (to) make 68. the hotel 69. the (plural) 70. (at) half past… 71. two days 72. yes 73. good evening 74. always 75. per person 76. but 77. a day 78. delicious 79. everybody 80. also 81. good 82. no 83. beautiful 84. at what time 85. cents 86. isn’t 87. thank you 88. please 89. what time is it?

90. the water 91. see you soon 92. for me 93. (the) lunch 94. per week

1. une bouteille de vin 2. une table 3. ça 4. l'addition 5. excusez-moi 6. payer 7. c'est combien? 8. puis-je? 9. par jour 10. terrible 11. deux semaines 12. deux mois 13. une semaine 14. au revoir 15. sont 16. ce n'est pas 17. il est…heures 18. pour lui 19. c'est 20. bonne journée 21. essayer 22. sympa 23. une réservation

24. je voudrais 25. le restaurant 26. est 27. extraordinaire 28. salut 29. la nourriture 30. très 31. et 32. parfait 33. le vin 34. ne sont pas 35. absolument 36. louer 37. tout 38. par mois 39. (à)…heures 40. un thé 41. le poulet 42. euros 43. pour elle 44. la dinde 45. un mois 46. ça c'est…

47. mon 48. (à)…heures et quart 49. deux personnes 50. bonne nuit 51. bonjour 52. (à)…heures moins le quart 53. mes 54. une carotte 55. pour moi 56. par 57. un 58. le petit-déjeuner 59. un café 60. une bouteille d'eau 61. ici 62. le dîner 63. fantastique 64. bonne soirée 65. un poireau 66. une voiture 67. faire 68. l'hôtel 69. les

70. (à)…heures et demie 71. deux jours 72. oui 73. bonsoir 74. toujours 75. par personne 76. mais 77. un jour 78. délicieux 79. tout le monde 80. aussi 81. bon 82. non 83. beau 84. à quelle heure 85. centimes 86. n'est pas 87. merci 88. s'il vous plaît 89. quelle heure est-il? 90. l'eau 91. à bientôt 92. pour moi

93. le déjeuner 94. par semaine

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirteen to fifteen of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixteen to eighteen, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare: 3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4

3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses: French - Verbs 1

Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-2/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2odAiw5 Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 16 – 18 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 13-15”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 16 LESSON 17 places to visit LESSON 18 at the hotel Merci

LESSON 16 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? what time is it? it is…o’clock (at)…o’clock (at) half past… (at) quarter past… (at) quarter to… If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

un taxi It means “a taxi” You pronounce it “an(g) tak-see”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a taxi, please.

I would like a taxi, please. Je voudrais un taxi, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a taxi at three o’clock.

I would like a taxi at three o’clock. Je voudrais un taxi à trois heures.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a taxi for two people.

I would like a taxi for two people. Je voudrais un taxi pour deux personnes.

If you book a taxi, you’ll probably need to give them this:

l’adresse It means “the address” You pronounce it “lah-dress”

How would you say this in French?

The address is “2 Rue de Provence”.

The address is “2 Rue de Provence”. L’adresse est “deux Rue de Provence”.

How would you say this in French?

The address is “15 Rue de Marseille”.

The address is “15 Rue de Marseille”. L’adresse est "quinze Rue de Marseille".

Here’s a useful question phrase:

quelle est…? It means “what is…?” You pronounce it “kell ay”

How would you say this in French?

What is the address?

What is the address? Quelle est l’adresse?

Here’s a little word we’ve come across before:

de It means “of” You pronounce it “der”

Saxon Genitive “Saxon genitive” is just the fancy way of saying “apostrophe s”. In French, the “apostrophe s” doesn’t exist so, instead, they use the word “de”, which means “of”. For example, if you wanted to say “the hotel’s address”, in French, you would have to change it around and say “the address of the hotel”

l’adresse de l’hôtel the hotel’s address Similarly, if you wanted to say “Pierre’s address”, you would say “the address of Pierre”

l’adresse de Pierre Pierre’s address There is one thing to remember with the word “de” in French. If it is placed next to the word “le”, they join forces and become “du”.

de + le = du (of the)

So, if you want to say “the restaurant’s address” (or, “the address of the restaurant”) you would say “l’adresse du restaurant”.

See if you can figure out how to say this in French?

What is the restaurant’s address?

What is the restaurant’s address? Quelle est l’adresse du restaurant?

How would you say this in French?

What is Marie’s address?

What is Marie’s address? Quelle est l’adresse de Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre’s chicken is delicious. Literally, you’d have to day “The chicken of Pierre is delicious”

Pierre’s chicken is delicious. Le poulet de Pierre est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel’s address.

The hotel’s address. L’adresse de l’hôtel.

WORD LIST SO FAR un taxi – a taxi l’adresse – the address quelle est… ? – what is…? de – of l’adresse de Pierre – Pierre’s address l’adresse de l’hôtel – the hotel’s address l’adresse du restaurant – the restaurant’s address

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a taxi at quarter to one

2.

What is the soup?

3.

What is the hotel’s address?

4.

I would like a taxi, please

5.

I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

6.

What is the address?

7.

I would like a taxi for eight people at five o’clock and the address is 18 Rue de Paris

8.

I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four

9.

I would like a taxi at half past one

10. I would like a taxi at quarter to two

1.

Je voudrais un taxi à une heure moins le quart

2.

Quelle est la soupe ?

3.

Quelle est l’adresse de l’hôtel ?

4.

Je voudrais un taxi, s’il vous plaît

5.

Je voudrais un taxi à quatre heures, s’il vous plaît

6.

Quelle est l’adresse ?

7.

Je voudrais un taxi pour huit personnes à cinq heures et l’adresse est dix-huit Rue de Paris

8.

Je voudrais un taxi pour trois personnes à quatre heures moins le quart

9.

Je voudrais un taxi à une heure et demie

10. Je voudrais un taxi à deux heures moins le quart

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je voudrais un taxi à deux heures et demie 2. Quelle est l’adresse de l’hôtel ? 3. Mon adresse est quinze Rue de Marseille 4. Je voudrais un taxi pour trois personnes à quatre heures moins le quart, s’il vous plaît 5. Je voudrais un taxi à une heure moins le quart 6. L’adresse de l’hôtel est vingt Rue de Charenton 7. Je voudrais un taxi à une heure 8. Quelle est l’adresse du restaurant ? 9. L’adresse du restaurant est Route de Lorient 10. Je voudrais un taxi, s’il vous plaît

1. I would like a taxi at half past two 2. What is the hotel’s address? 3. My address is 15 Rue de Marseille 4. I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please 5. I would like a taxi at quarter to one 6. The hotel’s address is 20 Rue de Charenton 7. I would like a taxi at one o’clock 8. What is the restaurant’s address? 9. The restaurant’s address is Route de Lorient 10. I would like a taxi, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Goodbye

2.

It’s quarter to six

3.

That is for me

4.

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here?

5.

My car is terrible

6.

It’s ten euros

7.

The lunch is extraordinary

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s five hundred and fifty seven euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

Au revoir

2.

Il est six heures moins le quart

3.

Ça c’est pour moi

4.

Excusez-moi, c’est combien une bouteille de vin ici?

5.

Ma voiture est terrible

6.

C’est dix euros

7.

Le déjeuner est extraordinaire

8.

Il est huit heures et demie

9.

C’est cinq cent cinquante-sept euros

10. Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas très bon ici 2. Le déjeuner est extraordinaire 3. Le déjeuner est parfait 4. La dinde est très bonne 5. Je voudrais un thé pour moi et un café pour elle, s’il vous plaît 6. Il est une heure et demie 7. Mon déjeuner est absolument parfait 8. C’est à cinq heures et demie 9. C’est à cinq heures et quart 10. C’est à sept heures et quart

1. It isn’t very good here 2. The lunch is extraordinary 3. The lunch is perfect 4. The turkey is very good 5. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 6. It’s half past one 7. My lunch is absolutely perfect 8. It’s at half past five 9. It’s at quarter past five 10. It’s at quarter past seven

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. Thank you 2. very 3. what time is it? 4. the wine 5. my 6. a carrot 7. (to) make 8. a leek 9. (to) try 10. it isn’t 11. always 12. please 13. that 14. for me 15. beautiful 16. hi 17. (at) half past… 18. the hotel's address 19. for him 20. the address

21. the restaurant 22. I would like 23. the hotel 24. Pierre's address 25. the food 26. fantastic 27. (to) hire 28. a reservation 29. have a good day 30. I think 31. a 32. (to) pay 33. the bill 34. and 35. a car 36. it is 37. (at) what time 38. have a good evening 39. the breakfast 40. a day 41. can I? 42. everybody 43. everything

44. it is…o'clock 45. per 46. a bottle of water 47. the lunch 48. a bottle of wine 49. two months 50. a week 51. aren't 52. a taxi 53. for her 54. how much is it? 55. (at) quarter past… 56. good evening 57. extraordinary 58. the turkey 59. a coffee 60. (at) quarter to… 61. euros 62. goodnight 63. per week 64. per month 65. two people 66. see you soon

67. absolutely 68. here 69. but 70. is 71. terrible 72. per day 73. cents 74. a month 75. yes 76. perfect 77. that is… 78. the restaurant's address 79. isn’t 80. the dinner 81. my (plural) 82. the (plural) 83. two days 84. also 85. excuse me 86. (at) … o'clock 87. a table 88. hello 89. two weeks

90. are 91. nice 92. the chicken 93. a tea 94. the water 95. no 96. delicious 97. per person 98. good 99. what is…? 100. goodbye

1. merci 2. très 3. quelle heure est-il? 4. le vin 5. mon 6. une carotte 7. faire 8. un poireau 9. essayer 10. ce n'est pas 11. toujours 12. s'il vous plaît 13. ça 14. pour moi 15. beau 16. salut 17. à…heures et demie 18. l'adresse de l'hôtel 19. pour lui 20. l'adresse 21. le restaurant 22. je voudrais 23. l'hôtel

24. l'adresse de Pierre 25. la nourriture 26. fantastique 27. louer 28. une réservation 29. bonne journée 30. pour moi 31. un 32. payer 33. l'addition 34. et 35. une voiture 36. c'est 37. à quelle heure 38. bonne soirée 39. le petit-déjeuner 40. un jour 41. puis-je? 42. tout le monde 43. tout 44. il est…heures 45. par 46. une bouteille d'eau

47. le déjeuner 48. une bouteille de vin 49. deux mois 50. une semaine 51. ne sont pas 52. un taxi 53. pour elle 54. c'est combien? 55. à…heues et quart 56. bonsoir 57. extraordinaire 58. la dinde 59. un café 60. à…heures moins le quart 61. euros 62. bonne nuit 63. par semaine 64. par mois 65. deux personnes 66. à bientôt 67. absolument 68. ici 69. mais

70. est 71. terrible 72. par jour 73. centimes 74. un mois 75. oui 76. parfait 77. ça c'est… 78. l'adresse du restaurant 79. n'est pas 80. le dîner 81. mes 82. les 83. deux jours 84. aussi 85. excusez-moi 86. à…heures 87. une table 88. bonjour 89. deux semaines 90. sont 91. sympa 92. le poulet

93. un thé 94. l'eau 95. non 96. délicieux 97. par personne 98. bon 99. quelle est…? 100. au revoir

LESSON 17 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? a taxi of what is…? the address Pierre’s address the restaurant’s address the hotel’s address If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s another useful verb:

aller It means “(to) go” You pronounce it “ah-lay”

How would you say this in French?

Can I go?

Can I go? Puis-je aller?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go, please.

I would like to go, please. Je voudrais aller, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? À quelle heure puis-je aller?

The verb “aller” tends to go hand in hand with another little word:

aller à It means “(to) go to” You pronounce it “ah-lay ah”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to the hotel.

I would like to go to the hotel. Je voudrais aller à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to Paris.

I would like to go to Paris. Je voudrais aller à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Can I go to Paris?

Can I go to Paris? Puis-je aller à Paris?

Here’s somewhere you could go to:

la plage It means “the beach” You pronounce it “lah plaaj”

How would you say this in French?

Can I go to the beach?

Can I go to the beach? Puis-je aller à la plage?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock.

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock. Je voudrais aller à la plage a dix heures.

WORD LIST SO FAR aller – (to) go aller à – (to) go to la plage – the beach

How would you say this in French?

The beach here is beautiful.

The beach here is beautiful. La plage ici est belle.

beau & belle Did you get “belle” correct? The word “plage” is a feminine word and, if you look at the lesson where we looked at how the adjectives change, you’ll notice that the feminine version of “beau” is “belle”. That’s why you say “la plage est belle” and not “la plage est beau” for “the beach is beautiful”. Having said that, if you did happen to say “la plage est beau” by mistake, you wouldn’t be misunderstood, so I wouldn’t worry too much about it.

So many places to go… There are lots of different places you could visit when you’re on holiday. So, I’ve done a Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you with a list of “Places to go”. Go through these places at your leisure and pick out a few places you know you’ll go to when you’re in France and then build a few sentences with them to learn them.

Do you remember what “du” means? We saw it in the last lesson when we did “l’adresse du restaurant”. It means “of the” and it is the contraction of “de” with “le”:

de + le = du There are another couple of times when similar contractions take place in French. Turn the page and you’ll see…

French contractions We already know that “de + le = du”. “de” means “of” and “le” means “the”, so “du” means “of the”. Well, here’s another contraction:

de + les = des This contraction is used when the plural word for “the” is used. This contraction will come in useful later on. Don’t worry about it too much for now; I just thought I’d chuck it out there so you can have a look at it. We’ll talk about it more in another lesson.

The word “de” can mean “of” or “from” in French, so how would you say:

It’s from the restaurant.

It’s from the restaurant. C’est du restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

It’s from Pierre.

It’s from Pierre. C’est de Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

That is from Paris.

That is from Paris. Ça c’est de Paris.

How would you say this in French?

That isn’t from Paris; it’s from Marseille.

That isn’t from Paris; it’s from Marseille. Ça ce n’est pas de Paris ; c’est de Marseille.

More French contractions When we learnt the verb “aller”, I said that it tends to go with the little word “à” to mean “(to) go to”. The word “à” can actually mean “to” or “at” in French, and there are a couple of contractions you can do with it:

à + le = au (to the / at the) à + les = aux (to the / at the)

So, how would you say this in French?

It’s at the restaurant.

It’s at the restaurant. C’est au restaurant.

And, how would you say this in French?

Pierre is at the restaurant.

Pierre is at the restaurant. Pierre est au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre and Marie are at the restaurant.

Pierre and Marie are at the restaurant. Pierre et Marie sont au restaurant.

The French contractions Here are the four contractions we’ve learnt in French:

de + le = du de + les = des (of the / from the)

à + le = au à + les = aux (to the / at the) There are no contractions that take place with the feminine word LA or the shortened word L’. It’s only ever with the masculine word LE or the plural word LES.

Anyway, here’s another word:

demain It means “tomorrow” You pronounce it “der-man(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow? Puis-je aller au restaurant demain?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go tomorrow.

I would like to go tomorrow. Je voudrais aller demain.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow.

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow. Je voudrais aller au restaurant demain.

How would you say this in French?

What time is the reservation tomorrow?

What time is the reservation tomorrow? À quelle heure est la réservation demain?

How would you say this in French?

The reservation is for tomorrow.

The reservation is for tomorrow. La réservation est pour demain.

Here’s another time phrase:

ce soir It means “tonight” or “this evening” You pronounce it “sir swar”

How would you say this in French?

Can I go this evening?

Can I go this evening? Puis-je aller ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight.

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight. Je voudrais aller au restaurant ce soir.

Here is a very strange word in French. I quite like it, I hope you do too:

chez We don’t really have an equivalent in English, but it sort of means “at the place of” or “at the house of” You pronounce it “shay”

Chez – at the place of Chez is a very strange word in French. It comes from the old Latin word “casa”, which means “house”. In modern French, it is used to say “at the house of” or “a the place of”. For example:

chez Pierre at Pierre’s house

chez moi at my house

Je voudrais aller chez moi I would like to go home (literally: I would like to go to my place) You can also use it with certain professions to mean the place where they work:

chez le médecin at the doctor’s

chez le boulanger at the baker’s

How would you say this in French?

At Pierre’s house.

As Pierre’s house. Chez Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

What time can I go to Marie’s house?

What time can I go to Marie’s house? À quelle heure puis-je aller chez Marie?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go home.

I would like to go home. Je voudrais aller chez moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR aller – (to) go aller à – (to) go to la plage – the beach demain – tomorrow ce soir – this evening / tonight chez – “at the house of” chez Pierre – at Pierre’s house à – at / to de – from / of

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At George’s house

2.

What time can I go to the restaurant?

3.

Can I go to the theme park tomorrow?

4.

At Mathieu’s house

5.

I would like to go to Pierre’s house

6.

I would like to go at half past four

7.

At Marine’s house

8.

I’d like to go at quarter to three

9.

I’d like a taxi for three people at four o’clock and I’d like to go to the beach

10. I’d like to go to Marie’s house tonight

1.

Chez George

2.

À quelle heure puis-je aller au restaurant?

3.

Puis-je aller au parc d’attractions demain?

4.

Chez Mathieu

5.

Je voudrais aller chez Pierre

6.

Je voudrais aller à quatre heures et demie

7.

Chez Marine

8.

Je voudrais aller à trois heures moins le quart

9.

Je voudrais un taxi pour trois personnes à quatre heures et je voudrais aller à la plage

10. Je voudrais aller chez Marie ce soir

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je voudrais aller à la plage à sept heures et demie 2. Je voudrais aller à quatre heures et quart 3. Chez Marie 4. Je voudrais aller à quatre heures moins le quart 5. Je voudrais aller chez lui demain 6. Je voudrais aller à l’hôtel ce soir 7. Puis-je aller chez Marie? 8. À quelle heure puis-je aller chez Pierre? 9. Chez le médecin 10. À quelle heure puis-je aller à la banque?

1. I would like to go to the beach at half past seven 2. I would like to go at quarter past four 3. At Marie’s house 4. I would like to go at quarter to four 5. I would like to go to his house tomorrow 6. I would like to go to the hotel tonight/this evening 7. Can I go to Marie’s house? 8. What time can I go to Pierre’s house? 9. At the doctor’s 10. What time can I go to the bank?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

At half past seven

2.

It’s at quarter past four

3.

It’s good here

4.

It’s half past ten

5.

My breakfast is perfect

6.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

7.

The breakfast here is terrible

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s two hundred and ten euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

À sept heures et demie

2.

C’est à quatre heures et quart

3.

C’est bon ici

4.

Il est dix heures et demie

5.

Mon petit-déjeuner est parfait

6.

Je voudrais deux bouteilles de vin, s’il vous plaît

7.

Le petit-déjeuner ici est terrible

8.

Il est huit heures et demie

9.

C’est deux cent dix euros

10. Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ma dinde est délicieuse 2. Ce n’est pas bon; c’est absolument extraordinaire 3. Le petit-déjeuner ici est absolument fantastique 4. C’est fantastique 5. Ce n’est pas pour moi 6. Pour moi, tout est parfait 7. C’est combien pour un mois? 8. C’est à six heures 9. Mon déjeuner est fantastique 10. Je voudrais un taxi à quatre heures, s’il vous plaît

1. My turkey is delicious 2. It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary 3. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 4. It’s fantastic 5. It isn’t for me 6. I think everything is perfect 7. How much is it for one month? 8. It’s at six o’clock 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. thank you 2. very 3. always 4. a carrot 5. have a good evening 6. goodnight 7. (to) make 8. also 9. the hotel 10. terrible 11. a table 12. the breakfast 13. hello 14. a day 15. no 16. two days 17. for me 18. extraordinary 19. yes 20. a month

21. my 22. (to) pay 23. what time is it? 24. isn’t 25. can I? 26. see you soon 27. that 28. for him 29. perfect 30. per day 31. the wine 32. the bill 33. the food 34. two weeks 35. I think 36. a bottle of wine 37. please 38. (to) try 39. two people 40. nice 41. but 42. and 43. my (plural)

44. per week 45. a car 46. tomorrow 47. excuse me 48. everybody 49. beautiful 50. a week 51. a coffee 52. a bottle of water 53. good evening 54. two months 55. what is…? 56. everything 57. the restaurant 58. (at) half past… 59. the turkey 60. delicious 61. the water 62. goodbye 63. hi 64. a reservation 65. Pierre's address 66. (to) hire

67. it isn’t 68. cents 69. the chicken 70. I would like 71. are 72. (at) what time 73. absolutely 74. (at) quarter to… 75. euros 76. it is…o'clock 77. tonight/this evening 78. (at) quarter past… 79. a leek 80. aren't 81. is 82. per 83. (at) … o'clock 84. a 85. the hotel's address 86. a taxi 87. at the house of 88. here 89. the lunch

90. fantastic 91. how much is it? 92. the (plural) 93. per person 94. the dinner 95. per month 96. at Pierre's house 97. it is 98. that is… 99. of/from 100. the beach 101. good 102. the restaurant's address 103. to go (to) 104. at/to 105. a tea 106. the address 107. for her 108. have a good day

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

merci très toujours une carotte bonne soirée bonne nuit faire aussi l'hôtel terrible une table le petit-déjeuner bonjour un jour non deux jours pour moi extraordinaire oui un mois mon payer quelle heure est-il? n'est pas puis-je? à bientôt ça pour lui parfait par jour le vin l'addition la nourriture deux semaines pour moi

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

une bouteille de vin s'il vous plaît essayer deux personnes sympa mais et mes par semaine une voiture demain excusez-moi tout le monde beau une semaine un café une bouteille d'eau bonsoir deux mois quelle est…? tout le restaurant à…heures et demie la dinde délicieux l'eau au revoir salut une réservation l'adresse de Pierre louer ce n'est pas centimes le poulet je voudrais sont à quelle heure

73. absolument 74. à…heures moins le quart 75. euros 76. il est…heures 77. ce soir 78. à…heues et quart 79. un poireau 80. ne sont pas 81. est 82. par 83. à…heures 84. un 85. l'adresse de l'hôtel 86. un taxi 87. chez 88. ici 89. le déjeuner 90. fantastique 91. c'est combien? 92. les 93. par personne 94. le dîner 95. par mois 96. chez Pierre 97. c'est 98. ça c'est… 99. de 100. la plage 101. bon 102. l'adresse du restaurant 103. aller (à) 104. à 105. un thé 106. l'adresse 107. pour elle 108. bonne journée

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Lieux à visiter places to visit

attractions touristiques tourist attractions le zoo the zoo l’aquarium the aquarium le jardin botanique the botanical garden le parc d’attractions the theme park le musée d’art the art gallery (museum) le centre sportif the sport stadium le parc aquatique the water park l’opéra the opera house le théâtre the theatre le cinéma the cinema le bowling the bowling alley le château the castle le musée the museum la bibliothèque the library la plage the beach le bord de la mer the seaside le parc the park le forêt the forest le bois the woods le fleuve/ la rivière the river le canal the canal le lac the lake la mer the sea le bar the bar le restaurant the restaurant l’hôtel the hotel le café the cafe le cybercafé the internet cafe l’auberge de jeunesse the youth hostel la piscine the swimming pool le stade the stadium le gymnase the gym

lieux de culte

places of worship

la cathédrale the cathedral la mosquée the mosque la synagogue the synagogue le temple the temple le couvent the convent le monastère the monastery l’église the church la basilique the basilica la chapelle the chapel l’oratoire the oratory le sanctuaire the shrine la pagode the pagoda

les lieux indispensables the essential places la mairie the town hall l’hôtel de ville the city hall le syndicat d’initiative tourist information office le commissariat de police the police station la ville the town/ city le village the village l’hôpital the hospital le centre-ville the town/ city centre la banque the bank la poste the post office l’école (primaire) the (primary) school le collège the secondary school l’université the university

les magasins

the shops

la boucherie the butcher la charcuterie the delicatessen la boulangerie the bakery l’épicerie the greengrocer’s la poissonnerie the fishmonger’s la pâtisserie the cake shop le grand magasin the department store le supermarché the supermarket l’hypermarché the hypermarket la crémerie the cheese shop le magasin de diététique the health food shop le magasin de chaussures the shoe shop le pressing the dry cleaner’s la cordonnerie the cobbler’s la laverie automatique the laundrette le magasin de meubles the furniture shop la pharmacie the chemist’s irie (d’occasion) the (second-hand) book shop le magasin d’antiquités the antique shop le marché the market le marché aux puces the flea market la galerie d’art the art gallery la quincaillerie the hardware shop l’institut de beauté the beauty parlour le marchand de bonbons the sweet shop le magasin de porcelaine the china shop in d’électroménager the electrical goods shop ue de vêtements the fashion boutique l’étal de fruits the fruit stand la bijouterie the jewellery shop uinerie the leather goods shop le marchand de vin the wine shop le marchand de journaux the newsagent

la parfumerie the perfume shop l’animalerie the animal shop la boutique de souvenirs the souvenir shop lacier the ice-cream parlour la papeterie the stationery shop l’agence de voyages the travel agent’s le magasin de sport the sport shop le magasin de jouets the toy shop

places that use chez instead of à chez le boucher at/ to the butcher’s chez le charcutier at/ to the delicatessen chez le boulanger at/ to the baker’s chez l’épicier at/ to the grocer’s chez le poissonnier at/ to the fishmonger’s chez le crémier at/ to the cheese seller chez le cordonnier at/ to the cobbler’s chez le pharmacien at/ to the chemist’s chez le fleuriste at/ to the florist’s chez l’agent immobilier at/ to the estate agent’s chez l’opticien at/ to the optician’s chez le médecin at/ to the doctor’s chez l’avocat at/ to the lawyer’s chez le coiffeur at/ to the hairdresser’s

le transport

the transport

la gare the train station le quai the platform la gare routière the bus station l’arrêt de bus the bus stop l’aéroport the airport la station de taxis the taxi rank le port the harbour le parking the car park le métro the underground

LESSON 18 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? of/from to/at “at the house of” at Pierre’s house tomorrow the beach to go (to) tonight/this evening If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

If you’re going to a hotel, you’ll probably need one of these:

une chambre It means “a room” You pronounce it “oon shom-bre”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a room for tonight.

I would like a room for tonight. Je voudrais une chambre pour ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

How much is a room for one night?

How much is a room for one night? C’est combien une chambre pour une nuit?

How would you say this in French?

The room is here.

The room is here. La chambre est ici.

Here’s your next word in French:

avec It means “with” You pronounce it “ah-vek”

How would you say this in French?

Can I go with Pierre?

Can I go with Pierre? Puis-je aller avec Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is with me.

Pierre is with me. Pierre est avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre and Marie are with Jacques and me.

Pierre and Marie are with Jacques and me. Pierre et Marie sont avec Jacques et moi.

Anyway, back to the hotel. You might like a room with one of these:

un balcon It means “a balcony” You pronounce it “an(g) bal-kon(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a room with a balcony.

I would like a room with a balcony. Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon.

How would you say this in French?

How much is a room with a balcony?

How much is a room with a balcony? C’est combien une chambre avec un balcon?

WORD LIST SO FAR une chambre – a room avec – with un balcon – a balcony

How would you say this in French?

The balcony is very beautiful.

The balcony is very beautiful. Le balcon est très beau.

Here’s your next word in French:

une télévision It means “a television” You pronounce it “oon teh-lay-viz-eeon(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a room with a television.

I would like a room with a television. Je voudrais une chambre avec une télévision.

How would you say this in French?

Also, I would like a television.

Also, I would like a television. Aussi, je voudrais une télévision.

How would you say this in French?

My television is terrible.

My television is terrible. Ma télévision est terrible.

Here’s a handy phrase you can put on the end of things in French:

…ne marche pas It means “…doesn’t work” You pronounce it “…ner marsh pah”

How would you say this in French?

The television doesn’t work.

The television doesn’t work. La télévision ne marche pas.

How would you say this in French?

That doesn’t work.

That doesn’t work. Ça ne marche pas.

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, that doesn’t work.

Excuse me, that doesn’t work. Excusez-moi, ça ne marche pas.

This is always useful for paying for things:

une carte It means “a card” You pronounce it “oon kart”

How would you say this in French?

My card doesn’t work.

My card doesn’t work. Ma carte ne marche pas.

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay with a card?

Can I pay with a card? Puis-je payer avec une carte?

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay for the room with a card?

Can I pay for the room with a card? Puis-je payer la chambre avec une carte?

The hotel There are lots of things that you might like to have in your hotel room and lots of things that would be perfect accompaniments for the “…ne marche pas” phrase. Therefore, I’ve written a Vocabulary Expansion Section for hotel terminology. You can find it at the end of this lesson.

Instead of saying “with a card”, you might like to try this phrase:

par carte It means “by card” You pronounce it “par kart”

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay by card?

Can I pay by card? Puis-je payer par carte?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to pay by card.

I would like to pay by card. Je voudrais payer par carte.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to pay for the food by card.

I would like to pay for the food by card. Je voudrais payer la nourriture par carte.

WORD LIST SO FAR une chambre – a room avec – with un balcon – a balcony une télévision – a television …ne marche pas – …doesn’t work une carte – a card par carte – by card

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

May I pay with a card, please?

2.

Also, with a television, please

3.

Excuse me, the television doesn’t work

4.

I would like a room with a bathtub, please

5.

I would like a balcony

6.

Excuse me, the air conditioning doesn’t work

7.

How much is it for two weeks?

8.

I would like a room with a balcony, please

9.

I would like a room for tonight, please

10. I would like a room with a television

1.

Puis-je payer avec une carte, s’il vous plaît?

2.

Aussi, avec une télévision, s’il vous plaît

3.

Excusez-moi, la télévision ne marche pas

4.

Je voudrais une chambre avec une baignoire, s’il vous plaît

5.

Je voudrais un balcon

6.

Excusez-moi, la climatisation ne marche pas

7.

C’est combien pour deux semaines?

8.

Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon, s’il vous plaît

9.

Je voudrais une chambre pour ce soir, s’il vous plaît

10. Je voudrais une chambre avec une télévision

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je voudrais un balcon 2. Je voudrais une chambre pour deux personnes 3. Puis-je payer par carte, s’il vous plaît? 4. Je voudrais une chambre pour ce soir, s’il vous plaît 5. Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon, s’il vous plaît 6. Je voudrais un grand lit, s’il vous plaît 7. Excusez-moi, le four ne marche pas 8. Je voudrais une chambre pour une semaine, s’il vous plaît 9. Le balcon est parfait 10. La clé ne marche pas

1. I would like a balcony 2. I would like a room for two people 3. Can I pay by card, please? 4. I would like a room for tonight, please 5. I would like a room with a balcony, please 6. I would like a king-sized bed, please 7. Excuse me, the oven doesn’t work 8. I would like a room for one week, please 9. The balcony is perfect 10. The key doesn’t work

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Good evening

2.

No, thank you

3.

It’s quarter past two

4.

A table for two, please

5.

That is for her

6.

At quarter past four

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

It’s quarter to one

9.

It’s at quarter past five

10. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic

1.

Bonsoir

2.

Non, merci

3.

Il est deux heures et quart

4.

Une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît

5.

Ça c’est pour elle

6.

À quatre heures et quart

7.

Puis-je essayer le fromage, s’il vous plaît?

8.

Il est une heure moins le quart

9.

C’est à cinq heures et quart

10. Le petit-déjeuner ici est absolument fantastique

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Le poulet est absolument terrible 2. Excusez-moi, quelle heure est-il? 3. À quelle heure est la réservation? 4. C’est à une heure et demie 5. Ce n’est pas très bon ici 6. C’est à six heures et demie 7. Au revoir 8. C’est combien pour un mois? 9. Mon déjeuner est fantastique 10. Le poulet est très bon et les carottes sont absolument fantastiques

1. The chicken is absolutely terrible 2. Excuse me, what time is it? 3. What time is the reservation? 4. It’s at half past one 5. It’s not very good here 6. It’s at half past six 7. Goodbye 8. How much is it for one month? 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. The chicken is very good and the carrots are absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. thank you 2. very 3. a balcony 4. I think 5. are 6. two days 7. two people 8. per 9. a carrot 10. the bill 11. a leek 12. the lunch 13. a table 14. a car 15. tomorrow 16. at/to 17. absolutely 18. that is… 19. the restaurant 20. have a good evening

21. a reservation 22. the beach 23. the wine 24. a room 25. isn’t 26. tonight/this evening 27. the breakfast 28. a month 29. goodnight 30. delicious 31. good evening 32. it is 33. here 34. always 35. good 36. the address 37. the hotel's address 38. how much is it? 39. hi 40. and 41. (at) quarter to… 42. fantastic 43. per month

44. have a good day 45. a week 46. beautiful 47. per person 48. a television 49. my 50. the (plural) 51. extraordinary 52. Pierre's address 53. aren't 54. a taxi 55. cents 56. is 57. (to) pay 58. of/from 59. perfect 60. (at) quarter past… 61. (at) … o'clock 62. that 63. it isn’t 64. it is…o'clock 65. a card 66. also

67. for me 68. euros 69. no 70. at the house of 71. per day 72. can I? 73. the chicken 74. at Pierre's house 75. for him 76. the dinner 77. a coffee 78. for her 79. terrible 80. (to) hire 81. a day 82. the hotel 83. the water 84. per week 85. (at) what time 86. a bottle of water 87. goodbye 88. …doesn't work 89. (to) make

90. (to) try 91. a tea 92. I would like 93. please 94. the restaurant's address 95. my (plural) 96. what time is it? 97. what is…? 98. a bottle of wine 99. two months 100. hello 101. the turkey 102. a 103. nice 104. see you soon 105. excuse me 106. but 107. by card 108. with 109. the food 110. to go (to) 111. everybody 112. (at) half past…

113. two weeks 114. yes 115. everything

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

merci très un balcon pour moi sont deux jours deux personnes par une carotte l'addition un poireau le déjeuner une table une voiture demain à absolument ça c'est… le restaurant bonne soirée une réservation la plage le vin une chambre n'est pas ce soir le petit-déjeuner un mois bonne nuit délicieux bonsoir c'est ici toujours bon

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

l'adresse l'adresse de l'hôtel c'est combien? salut et à…heures moins le quart fantastique par mois bonne journée une semaine beau par personne une télévision mon les extraordinaire l'adresse de Pierre ne sont pas un taxi centimes est payer de parfait à…heues et quart à…heures ça ce n'est pas il est…heures une carte aussi pour moi euros non chez par jour puis-je?

73. le poulet 74. chez Pierre 75. pour lui 76. le dîner 77. un café 78. pour elle 79. terrible 80. louer 81. un jour 82. l'hôtel 83. l'eau 84. par semaine 85. à quelle heure 86. une bouteille d'eau 87. au revoir 88. …ne marche pas 89. faire 90. essayer 91. un thé 92. je voudrais 93. s'il vous plaît 94. l'adresse du restaurant 95. mes 96. quelle heure est-il? 97. quelle est…? 98. une bouteille de vin 99. deux mois 100. bonjour 101. la dinde 102. un 103. sympa 104. à bientôt 105. excusez-moi 106. mais 107. par carte 108. avec 109. la nourriture

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115.

aller (à) tout le monde à…heures et demie deux semaines oui tout

Vocabulary Expansion Section

À l’hôtel at the hotel

je voudrais une chambre...

I would like a room… avec…

with… une télévision a television une radio a radio un balcon a balcony une douche a shower une baignoire a bathtub une vue a view …sur la mer …of the sea une bouilloire a kettle une cuisinière a cooker un four an oven un four à micro-ondes a microwave un frigo a fridge un congélateur a freezer un fer à repasser an iron un lit simple a single bed un lit deux personnes a double bed un grand lit a kind-sized bed lits jumeaux twin beds

la climatisation the air conditioning le chauffage the heating la lampe the lamp la lumière the light la chaudière the boiler la clé the key le Wi-Fi the Wi-Fi le mot de passe Wi-Fi the Wi-Fi password

…ne marche pas

…doesn’t work

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixteen to eighteen of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons nineteen to twenty-one, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare: 3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4

3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses: French - Verbs 1

Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-2/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2odAiw5 Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 19 – 21 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 16-18”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 19 LESSON 20 LESSON 21 Merci

LESSON 19 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? with a card a balcony …doesn’t work a room a television If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

prendre It means “(to) take” or “(to) have” You pronounce it “pron-dreugh”

Prendre Now, in English, we tend to use the verb “have” when ordering food and drink: I’ll have a coke Can I have a sandwich? I’d like to have a tea However, in French, you use the verb “prendre”, which means “to take”. So, when you’re ordering food, you can say things like: Je voudrais prendre un thé I’d like to have (take) a tea Puis-je prendre le poulet? Can I have (take) the chicken?

How would you say this in French?

Can I have the turkey?

Can I have the turkey? Puis-je prendre la dinde?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to have a coffee.

I would like to have a coffee. Je voudrais prendre un café.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a coffee?

Can I have a coffee? Puis-je prendre un café?

Some & Any If you want to say “some” in French, as in “I would like some wine” or “can I try some cheese?”, or, if you want to say “any” as in “do you have any cheese?”, it’s really quite simple. All you do is use “de” plus the word for “the”. Remember that ‘de + le = du’ and that ‘de + les = des’. For example: Je voudrais du fromage I would like some cheese Puis-je essayer du vin? May I try some wine? Puis-je essayer de la dinde? May I try some turkey?

How would you say this in French?

May I have some coffee?

May I have some coffee? Puis-je prendre du café?

How would you say this in French?

I would like some turkey.

I would like some turkey. Je voudrais de la dinde.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have some carrots?

Can I have some carrots? Puis-je prendre des carottes?

This is the actual word for “have” in French:

avoir It means “(to) have” You pronounce it “ahv-wahr” You use “avoir” whenever you want to say “to have” and you’re not talking about food and drinks, in which case you’d have to use “prendre” instead.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a room for tonight?

Can I have a room for tonight? Puis-je avoir une chambre pour ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a room with a balcony?

Can I have a room with a balcony? Puis-je avoir une chambre avec un balcon?

Be careful with this one; there’s food involved:

Can I have some chicken, please?

Can I have some chicken, please? Puis-je prendre du poulet, s’il vous plaît?

WORD LIST SO FAR prendre – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) avoir – (to) have du / de la / des – some / any

Here’s another time phrase in French:

une nuit It means “one night” You pronounce it “oon nwee”

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a room for one night?

Can I have a room for one night? Puis-je avoir une chambre pour une nuit?

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for one night?

How much is it for one night? C’est combien pour une nuit?

How would you say this in French?

It’s for one night, please

It’s for one night, please C’est pour une nuit, s’il vous plaît

You’ll probably be able to work out what this means:

deux nuits It means “two nights” You pronounce it “derr nwee”

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a room for two nights?

Can I have a room for two nights? Puis-je avoir une chambre pour deux nuits?

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for two nights?

How much is it for two nights? C’est combien pour deux nuits?

How would you say this in French?

I would like a room for two people for two nights, please

I would like a room for two people for two nights, please Je voudrais une chambre pour deux personnes pour deux nuits, s’il vous plaît

WORD LIST SO FAR prendre – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) avoir – (to) have du / de la / des – some / any une nuit – one night deux nuits – two nights

We’ve already learnt that “avec” means “with”, so here’s its cousin:

sans It means “without” You pronounce it “son(g)” Remember, the (g) in brackets makes it a nasal sound.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a pizza but without the cheese?

Can I have a pizza but without the cheese? Puis-je prendre une pizza mais sans le fromage?

How would you say this in French?

May I have two coffees without sugar?

May I have two coffees without sugar? Puis-je prendre deux cafés sans sucre?

How would you say this in French?

Marie is here without Pierre!

Marie is here without Pierre! Marie est ici sans Pierre!

Here’s a nice little question phrase:

avez-vous? It means “do you have?” You pronounce it “ah-vay voo

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a table for four people?

Do you have a table for four people? Avez-vous une table pour quatre personnes?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a room with a television?

Do you have a room with a television? Avez-vous une chambre avec une télévision?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any wine?

Do you have any wine? Avez-vous du vin?

Here’s your next word in French:

un plan It means “a map” You pronounce it “an(g) plon(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a map of Paris.

I would like a map of Paris. Je voudrais un plan de Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a map?

Can I have a map? Puis-je avoir un plan?

WORD LIST SO FAR prendre – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) avoir – (to) have du / de la / des – some / any une nuit – one night deux nuits – two nights sans – without avez-vous? – do you have? un plan – a map

This word goes nicely with "map":

la ville It means “the town” or “the city” You pronounce it “lah veey”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to (the) town.

I would like to go to (the) town. Je voudrais aller à la ville.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a map of the city?

Do you have a map of the city? Avez-vous un plan de la ville?

How would you say this in French?

The town here is very beautiful.

The town here is very beautiful. La ville ici est très belle.

This word goes nicely with "map":

la région It means “the region” You pronounce it “lah ray-shjon”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to the region of Provence.

I would like to go to the region of Provence. Je voudrais aller à la région de Provence.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a map of the region?

Do you have a map of the region? Avez-vous un plan de la région?

How would you say this in French?

The region here is very beautiful.

The region here is very beautiful. La région ici est très belle.

WORD LIST SO FAR prendre – (to) take / (to) have (when talking about food or drink) avoir – (to) have du / de la / des – some / any une nuit – one night deux nuits – two nights sans – without avez-vous? – do you have? un plan – a map la ville – the town / the city la région – the region

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Do you have any bread?

2.

Do you have any tomato sauce?

3.

I would like a room for one night, please

4.

I would like two teas and a coffee

5.

Do you have a room with a balcony for three nights?

6.

I would like the chicken but without the onions, please

7.

Do you have any milk?

8.

May I have the turkey?

9.

May I have some blueberries?

10. I would like a coffee

1.

Avez-vous du pain?

2.

Avez-vous du ketchup?

3.

Je voudrais une chambre pour une nuit, s’il vous plaît

4.

Je voudrais deux thés et un café

5.

Avez-vous une chambre avec un balcon pour trois nuits?

6.

Je voudrais le poulet mais sans les oignons, s’il vous plaît

7.

Avez-vous du lait?

8.

Puis-je prendre la dinde?

9.

Puis-je prendre des myrtilles?

10. Je voudrais un café

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je voudrais du fromage 2. Puis-je prendre des raisins? 3. Puis-je prendre un thé? 4. Avez-vous des pommes? 5. Avez-vous une table pour deux personnes? 6. Je voudrais des myrtilles 7. Avez-vous du café? 8. Je voudrais du ketchup 9. Avez-vous du sucre? 10. Je voudrais l’agneau, s’il vous plaît

1. I would like some cheese 2. Can I have some grapes? 3. Can I have a tea? 4. Do you have any apples? 5. Do you have a table for two people? 6. I would like some blueberries 7. Do you have any coffee? 8. I would like some tomato sauce 9. Do you have any sugar? 10. I would like the lamb, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s delicious

2.

At Lucie’s house

3.

What time can I go to the supermarket?

4.

It isn’t good

5.

It’s at seven o’clock

6.

My food is delicious

7.

The lunch here is delicious

8.

My lunch is terrible

9.

I think everybody is very nice

10. The car is twenty euros per day

1.

C’est délicieux

2.

Chez Lucie

3.

À quelle heure puis-je aller au supermarché?

4.

Ce n’est pas bon

5.

C’est à sept heures

6.

Ma nourriture est délicieuse

7.

Le déjeuner ici est délicieux

8.

Mon déjeuner est terrible

9.

Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa

10. La voiture est vingt euros par jour

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas très bon ici 2. C’est absolument fantastique ici 3. Je voudrais aller à trois heures 4. C’est à onze heures moins le quart 5. Je voudrais faire une réservation 6. Mon poulet est parfait 7. Il est dix heures et demie 8. Mon thé est absolument terrible 9. C’est combien une chambre? 10. Chez Marie

1. It isn’t very good here 2. It’s absolutely fantastic here 3. I would like to go at three o’clock 4. It’s at quarter to eleven 5. I would like to make a reservation 6. My chicken is perfect 7. It’s half past ten 8. My tea is absolutely terrible 9. How much is my room? 10. At Marie’s house

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. very 2. see you soon 3. at/to 4. aren't 5. per day 6. (to) make 7. nice 8. the breakfast 9. a map 10. everybody 11. to take 12. by card 13. the turkey 14. but 15. (at) … o'clock 16. can I? 17. a room 18. Pierre's address 19. it is 20. do you have 21. thank you 22. a reservation 23. always 24. beautiful 25. and 26. I think 27. please 28. a bottle of water 29. a television 30. my 31. absolutely

32. two months 33. I would like 34. per person 35. a week 36. a bottle of wine 37. hello 38. excuse me 39. goodbye 40. here 41. (to) hire 42. for me 43. the address 44. with 45. no 46. for her 47. the water 48. (at) half past… 49. is 50. for him 51. the hotel's address 52. it is…o'clock 53. good evening 54. delicious 55. the (plural) 56. the restaurant 57. cents 58. a leek 59. without 60. that is… 61. a card 62. at the house of 63. two weeks 64. a tea 65. perfect 66. a car 67. per month

68. that 69. a month 70. extraordinary 71. …doesn't work 72. the region 73. fantastic 74. a carrot 75. a day 76. my (plural) 77. the chicken 78. per week 79. have a good evening 80. goodnight 81. euros 82. have a good day 83. the dinner 84. a table 85. good 86. two nights 87. the beach 88. two people 89. a coffee 90. two days 91. the bill 92. how much is it? 93. it isn’t 94. one night 95. the town/city 96. (to) try 97. at Pierre's house 98. the lunch 99. a 100. the restaurant's address 101. hi 102. what time is it? 103. terrible

104. per 105. everything 106. what is…? 107. are 108. (at) quarter to… 109. (at) what time 110. (at) quarter past… 111. isn’t 112. to go (to) 113. a taxi 114. to have 115. (to) pay 116. the wine 117. a balcony 118. of/from 119. the hotel 120. yes 121. the food 122. tonight/this evening 123. tomorrow 124. also

1. très 2. à bientôt 3. à 4. ne sont pas 5. par jour 6. faire 7. sympa 8. le petit-déjeuner 9. un plan 10. tout le monde 11. prendre 12. par carte 13. la dinde 14. mais 15. à…heures 16. puis-je? 17. une chambre 18. l'adresse de Pierre 19. c'est 20. avez-vous 21. merci 22. une réservation 23. toujours 24. beau 25. et 26. pour moi 27. s'il vous plaît 28. une bouteille d'eau 29. une télévision 30. mon 31. absolument 32. deux mois 33. je voudrais 34. par personne 35. une semaine

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.

une bouteille de vin bonjour excusez-moi au revoir ici louer pour moi l'adresse avec non pour elle l'eau à…heures et demie est pour lui l'adresse de l'hôtel il est…heures bonsoir délicieux les le restaurant centimes un poireau sans ça c'est… une carte chez deux semaines un thé parfait une voiture par mois ça un mois extraordinaire …ne marche pas

72. la région 73. fantastique 74. une carotte 75. un jour 76. mes 77. le poulet 78. par semaine 79. bonne soirée 80. bonne nuit 81. euros 82. bonne journée 83. le dîner 84. une table 85. bon 86. deux nuits 87. la plage 88. deux personnes 89. un café 90. deux jours 91. l'addition 92. c'est combien? 93. ce n'est pas 94. une nuit 95. la ville 96. essayer 97. chez Pierre 98. le déjeuner 99. un 100. l'adresse du restaurant 101. salut 102. quelle heure est-il? 103. terrible 104. par 105. tout 106. quelle est…? 107. sont

108. à…heures moins le quart 109. à quelle heure 110. à…heues et quart 111. n'est pas 112. aller (à) 113. un taxi 114. avoir 115. payer 116. le vin 117. un balcon 118. de 119. l'hôtel 120. oui 121. la nourriture 122. ce soir 123. demain 124. aussi

LESSON 20 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? a map to have do you have a night two nights without the town/the city to take the region some If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful question word in French:

où It means “where” You pronounce it “ooooh”

How would you say this in French?

Where can I pay?

Where can I pay? Où puis-je payer?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I make a reservation?

Where can I make a reservation? Où puis-je faire une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I pay the bill?

Where can I pay the bill? Où puis-je payer l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I go?

Where can I go? Où puis-je aller?

You can put an extra little bit on the end of “où” and get:

où est It means “where is” You pronounce it “ooooh ay”

How would you say this in French?

Where is the hotel?

Where is the hotel? Où est l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

Where is the restaurant?

Where is the restaurant? Où est le restaurant?

How would you say this in French?

Where is Marie?

Where is Marie? Où est Marie?

You might be able to work out what this phrase means:

où sont? It means “where are?” You pronounce it “ooooh son(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Where are the carrots?

Where are the carrots? Où sont les carottes?

How would you say this in French?

Where are the people?

Where are the people? Où sont les personnes?

WORD LIST SO FAR où – where où est? – where is? où sont? – where are?

How would you say this in French?

Where are the tables?

Where are the tables? Où sont les tables?

How would you say this in French?

Where are Marie and Pierre?

Where are Marie and Pierre? Où sont Marie et Pierre?

Where is…? Now, it’s always nice to have a bit of variety in your language and to have more than one way of saying the same thing. To ask where something is, you can always say “où est…?” but there’s another nice little phrase you can memorise and use from time to time as an alternative to “où est…?” That wonderful phrase is: pour aller à…? It can be used to mean “how do I get to…?”

Pour aller à…? You can put any place on the end of this phrase. It’s quite easy to memorise.

excusez-moi, pour aller à Paris? excuse me, how do I get to Paris? If you translate it word for word, it means “For to go to...?”, so it doesn't really make sense. This is a useful thing to know when learning French; you can’t always translate things word for word. So just learn “Pour aller à...?” as a phrase in itself to mean “How do I get to...?” and you won’t get confused.

So, just to reiterate:

pour aller à…? It means “how do I get to…?” You pronounce it “poor ah-lay ah”

So, how would you say this in French?

How do I get to Paris?

How do I get to Paris? Pour aller à Paris?

And, how would you say this in French?

How do I get to the restaurant?

How do I get to the restaurant? Pour aller au restaurant?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, how do I get to the hotel?

Excuse me, how do I get to the hotel? Excusez-moi, pour aller à l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

How do I get to the supermarket?

How do I get to the supermarket? Pour aller au supermarché?

The French contractions Don’t forget that whenever you use the little word “à” with “le”, they contract to “au”. That’s why it’s “au supermarché” in the last phrase.

à + le = au à + les = aux (to the / at the)

Anyway, we’ve had the word for “here” already, well, here’s the opposite:

là It means “there” You pronounce it “lah”

How would you say this in French?

It’s there.

It’s there. C’est là.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t there.

It isn’t there. Ce n’est pas là.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Pierre aren’t there.

Marie and Pierre aren’t there. Marie et Pierre ne sont pas là.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant isn’t there.

The restaurant isn’t there. Le restaurant n’est pas là.

We’ve already seen the verb “aller”, which means “to go”. Let’s change it a tiny little bit:

allez It means “go” when you’re giving directions You pronounce it “ah-lay”

How would you say this in French?

Go there.

Go there. Allez là.

WORD LIST SO FAR où – where où est? – where is? où sont? – where are? pour aller à…? – how do I get to…? là – there allez – go (when giving directions)

How would you say this in French?

Go to Paris.

Go to Paris. Allez à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Go to the restaurant.

Go to the restaurant. Allez au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Go to the hotel.

Go to the hotel. Allez à l’hôtel.

Here’s another direction phrase:

tout droit It means “straight on” You pronounce it “too dwah”

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant is straight on.

The restaurant is straight on. Le restaurant est tout droit.

How would you say this in French?

From here, it’s straight on.

From here, it’s straight on. D’ici, c’est tout droit.

How would you say this in French?

Go straight on.

Go straight on. Allez tout droit.

Pronunciation tip I mentioned many moons ago that you don’t pronounce consonants when they appear on the end of French words (except for the letters C, R, F and L). Well, there’s a slight exception to that rule. If the next word starts with a vowel, then it’s OK to pronounce the consonant on the end. It’s completely optional, however, so you can choose. For example, in the sentences below, I’ll underline the consonant you can pronounce at the end of a word because the next word starts with a vowel.

Allez à l’hôtel Go to the hotel

Je voudrais aller au restaurant I would like to go to the restaurant

C’est absolument extraordinaire It’s absolutely extraordinary

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant is straight on.

The restaurant is straight on. Le restaurant est tout droit.

WORD LIST SO FAR où – where où est…? – where is…? où sont…? – where are…? pour aller à…? – how do I get to…? là – there allez – go (when giving directions) tout droit – straight on

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Where is the supermarket?

2.

Where is the restaurant?

3.

It isn’t very good there

4.

How do I get to the Post Office?

5.

The swimming pool is there

6.

The café is straight on

7.

How do I get to the cinema?

8.

Where is the train station?

9.

The hotel isn’t here; it’s there

10. Go straight on

1.

Où est le supermarché?

2.

Où est le restaurant?

3.

Ce n’est pas très bon là

4.

Pour aller à la Poste?

5.

La piscine est là

6.

Le café est tout droit

7.

Pour aller au cinéma?

8.

Où est la gare?

9.

L’hôtel n’est pas ici; c’est là

10. Allez tout droit

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Pour aller à l’université? 2. Le supermarché est tout droit 3. Je voudrais aller à la boulangerie 4. Où est la plage? 5. Où est le parc 6. La nourriture n’est pas très bonne là 7. Où est le château? 8. Je voudrais aller à la banque 9. Où est la clé pour ma chambre? 10. Allez à la plage demain; c’est très beau là

1. How do I get to the university? 2. The supermarket is straight on 3. I would like to go to the bakery 4. Where is the beach? 5. Where is the park? 6. The food isn’t very good there 7. Where is the castle? 8. I would like to go to the bank 9. Where is the key for my room? 10. Go to the beach; it’s very beautiful there

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s at twelve o’clock

2.

May I have some mustard?

3.

It’s eight hundred euros

4.

It’s absolutely beautiful here

5.

Do you have any grapes?

6.

How much is the turkey here?

7.

Do you have any sugar?

8.

It isn’t very extraordinary

9.

My chicken is perfect

10. The television doesn’t work

1.

C’est à douze heures

2.

Puis-je prendre de la moutarde?

3.

C’est huit cent euros

4.

C’est absolument beau ici

5.

Avez-vous des raisins?

6.

C’est combien la dinde ici?

7.

Avez-vous du sucre?

8.

Ce n’est pas très extraordinaire

9.

Mon poulet est parfait

10. La télévision ne marche pas

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Au revoir et bonne soirée 2. Il est douze heures et quart 3. C’est toujours très bon ici 4. Le déjeuner est ici 5. Mon dîner est délicieux 6. Puis-je prendre des pommes? 7. C’est combien une bouteille d’eau? 8. Je voudrais l’addition, s’il vous plaît 9. C’est quarante euros 10. Il est neuf heures moins le quart

1. Goodbye and have a good evening 2. It’s quarter past twelve 3. It’s always good here 4. The lunch is here 5. My dinner is delicious 6. Can I have some apples? 7. How much is a bottle of water? 8. I would like the bill, please 9. It’s forty euros 10. It’s quarter to nine

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. a week 2. (at) quarter past… 3. a taxi 4. a room 5. the water 6. where 7. tomorrow 8. (to) hire 9. see you soon 10. terrible 11. also 12. per person 13. very 14. at Pierre's house 15. a table 16. a television 17. absolutely 18. the lunch 19. (at) what time 20. the town/city 21. aren't 22. per day 23. that is… 24. a day 25. the restaurant 26. goodbye 27. excuse me 28. and 29. isn’t 30. what is…? 31. two weeks

32. hello 33. two people 34. how much is it? 35. to have 36. a 37. my 38. I think 39. the restaurant's address 40. good 41. the wine 42. (at) half past… 43. of/from 44. for me 45. the region 46. two nights 47. here 48. the turkey 49. (to) pay 50. go (directions) 51. what time is it? 52. per month 53. it isn’t 54. the hotel's address 55. everything 56. the (plural) 57. always 58. the beach 59. a coffee 60. for her 61. hi 62. at the house of 63. cents 64. a month 65. the hotel 66. with 67. (to) try

68. there 69. no 70. …doesn't work 71. at/to 72. how do I get to…? 73. per 74. nice 75. a bottle of water 76. (at) quarter to… 77. it is…o'clock 78. a tea 79. the bill 80. without 81. one night 82. yes 83. goodnight 84. are 85. the address 86. for him 87. a car 88. two days 89. everybody 90. have a good day 91. two months 92. good evening 93. a carrot 94. extraordinary 95. is 96. the chicken 97. delicious 98. a balcony 99. a map 100. perfect 101. a bottle of wine 102. fantastic 103. (to) make

104. where are…? 105. per week 106. that 107. beautiful 108. to take 109. but 110. euros 111. the food 112. to go (to) 113. have a good evening 114. where is…? 115. (at) … o'clock 116. the breakfast 117. straight on 118. I would like 119. can I? 120. a leek 121. a reservation 122. Pierre's address 123. do you have 124. tonight/this evening 125. a card 126. the dinner 127. it is 128. please 129. by card 130. my (plural) 131. thank you

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

une semaine à…heues et quart un taxi une chambre l'eau où demain louer à bientôt terrible aussi par personne très chez Pierre une table une télévision absolument le déjeuner à quelle heure la ville ne sont pas par jour ça c'est… un jour le restaurant au revoir excusez-moi et n'est pas quelle est…? deux semaines bonjour deux personnes c'est combien? avoir

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

un mon pour moi l'adresse du restaurant bon le vin à…heures et demie de pour moi la région deux nuits ici la dinde payer allez quelle heure est-il? par mois ce n'est pas l'adresse de l'hôtel tout les toujours la plage un café pour elle salut chez centimes un mois l'hôtel avec essayer là non …ne marche pas à pour aller à…?

73. par 74. sympa 75. une bouteille d'eau 76. à…heures moins le quart 77. il est…heures 78. un thé 79. l'addition 80. sans 81. une nuit 82. oui 83. bonne nuit 84. sont 85. l'adresse 86. pour lui 87. une voiture 88. deux jours 89. tout le monde 90. bonne journée 91. deux mois 92. bonsoir 93. une carotte 94. extraordinaire 95. est 96. le poulet 97. délicieux 98. un balcon 99. un plan 100. parfait 101. une bouteille de vin 102. fantastique 103. faire 104. où sont…? 105. par semaine 106. ça 107. beau 108. prendre 109. mais

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131.

euros la nourriture aller (à) bonne soirée où est…? à…heures le petit-déjeuner tout droit je voudrais puis-je? un poireau une réservation l'adresse de Pierre avez-vous ce soir une carte le dîner c'est s'il vous plaît par carte mes merci

LESSON 21 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? where there where are…? how do I get to…? straight on where is…? go (direction) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful joining word:

puis It means “then” You pronounce it “pwee”

How would you say this in French?

Go straight on and then it’s there.

Go straight on and then it’s there. Allez tout droit et puis c’est là.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to the hotel and then to the restaurant.

I would like to go to the hotel and then to the restaurant. Je voudrais aller à l’hôtel et puis au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay for the wine and then the food?

Can I pay for the wine and then the food? Puis-je payer le vin et puis la nourriture?

Here’s your next word in French:

prenez It means “take” when giving a direction or telling somebody what to do You pronounce it “prer-nay”

How would you say this in French?

Take the wine.

Take the wine. Prenez le vin.

How would you say this in French?

Take the water to the table for me, please.

Take the water to the table for me, please. Prenez l’eau à la table pour moi, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Take a taxi to the train station.

Take a taxi to the train station. Prenez un taxi à la gare.

Here’s a little word, well, two words really:

la rue It means “the road” You pronounce it “lah roo”

You can put things in front of “rue”, for example:

la première rue the first road (“lah prer-mee-air roo”)

la deuxième rue the second road (“lah deugh-zee-emm roo”)

la troisième rue the third road (“lah twah-zee-emm roo”)

So, how would you say this in French?

Take the first road.

Take the first road. Prenez la première rue.

How would you say this in French?

Take the second road.

Take the second road. Prenez la deuxième rue.

And, how would you say this in French?

Take the third road.

Take the third road. Prenez la troisième rue.

How would you say this in French?

Go straight on and then take the first road.

Go straight on and then take the first road. Allez tout droit et puis prenez la première rue.

WORD LIST SO FAR puis – then prenez – take (when giving directions or orders) la rue – the road la première rue – the first road la deuxième rue – the second road la troisième rue – the third road

How would you say this in French?

Take the third road and then go straight on.

Take the third road and then go straight on. Prenez la troisième rue et puis allez tout droit.

Let’s add a little extra information to make our directions even clearer:

à gauche It means “on the left” You pronounce it “ah gowsh”

How would you say this in French?

It’s on the left.

It’s on the left. C’est à gauche.

How would you say this in French?

Go straight on and it’s on the left.

Go straight on and it’s on the left. Allez tout droit et c’est à gauche.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant is on the left.

The restaurant is on the left. Le restaurant est à gauche.

On the other side, we have:

à droite It means “on the right” You pronounce it “ah dwatt”

How would you say this in French?

It’s on the right.

It’s on the right. C’est à droite.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t on the right; it’s on the left.

It isn’t on the right; it’s on the left. Ce n’est pas à droite; c’est à gauche.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel is on the right .

The hotel is on the right. L’hôtel est à droite.

à gauche / à droite The two phrases, “à gauche” and “à droite” mean “on the left” and “on the right” respectively. However, they can also mean just “left” and “right”. So, I’ll put the “on the” part in brackets to show it can mean both.

à gauche (on the) left

à droite (on the) right

How would you say this in French?

Take the second road on the left.

Take the second road on the left. Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche.

How would you say this in French?

Take the third road on the right.

Take the third road on the right. Prenez la troisième rue à droite.

How would you say this in French?

Take the first road on the left and then take the second road on the right.

Take the first road on the left and then take the second road on the right. Prenez la première rue à gauche et puis prenez la deuxième rue à droite.

Here’s another direction word, you might be able to hazard a guess as to what it means:

tournez It means “turn” when giving directions You pronounce it “toor-nay”

How would you say this in French?

Turn left.

Turn left. Tournez à gauche.

How would you say this in French?

Turn right.

Turn right. Tournez à droite.

How would you say this in French?

Go straight on and then turn left.

Go straight on and then turn left. Allez tout droit et puis tournez à gauche.

WORD LIST SO FAR puis – then prenez – take (when giving directions or orders) la rue – the road la première rue – the first road la deuxième rue – the second road la troisième rue – the third road à gauche – (on the) left à droite – (on the) right tournez – turn (when giving directions)

How would you say this in French?

Turn right and then go straight on.

Turn right and then go straight on. Tournez à droite et puis allez tout droit.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Take the third road on the left and then the second road on the right

2.

Take the second road on the left

3.

Take the second road on the right and then go straight on

4.

Go straight on and then take the first road on the right

5.

Go straight on, take the second road on the left and then it’s on the right

6.

Take the third road on the right and then turn left

7.

Turn right and then turn left

8.

Turn left and then take the second road on the right

9.

It’s on the right

10. The restaurant is on the left

1.

Prenez la troisième rue à gauche et puis la deuxième rue à droite

2.

Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche

3.

Prenez la deuxième rue à droite et puis allez tout droit

4.

Allez tout droit et puis prenez la première rue à droite

5.

Allez tout droit, prenez la deuxième rue à gauche et puis c’est à droite

6.

Prenez la troisième rue à droite et puis tournez à gauche

7.

Tournez à droite et puis tournez à gauche

8.

Tournez à gauche et puis prenez la deuxième rue à droite

9.

C’est à droite

10. Le restaurant est à gauche

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Prenez la troisième rue à gauche et puis la deuxième rue à droite 2. Tournez à droite et le supermarché est à gauche 3. Allez tout droit, prenez la première rue à droite et puis c’est à gauche 4. Prenez la première rue à gauche et puis allez tout droit 5. Prenez la troisième rue à gauche et puis tournez à droite 6. Tournez à gauche et l’hôtel est à droite 7. Prenez la troisième rue à droite 8. Tournez à droite 9. Tournez à gauche et puis tournez à droite 10. Prenez la deuxième rue à droite

1. Take the third road on the left and then the second road on the right 2. Turn right and the supermarket is on the left 3. Go straight on, take the first road on the right and then it’s on the left 4. Take the first road on the left and then go straight on 5. Take the third road on the left and then turn right 6. Turn left and the hotel is on the right 7. Take the third road on the right 8. Turn right 9. Turn left and then turn right 10. Take the second road on the right

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Everybody is very nice

2.

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you

3.

It’s seventy cents

4.

Do you have a table for two people?

5.

The carrots are very good

6.

Yes, it’s very good here

7.

I think it’s perfect

8.

Do you have a room for tonight?

9.

It’s extraordinary

10. It’s four euros fifty

1.

Tout le monde est très sympa

2.

Oui, c’est parfait, merci

3.

C’est soixante-dix centimes

4.

Avez-vous une table pour deux personnes?

5.

Les carottes sont très bonnes

6.

Oui, c’est très bon ici

7.

Pour moi, c’est parfait

8.

Avez-vous une chambre pour ce soir?

9.

C’est extraordinaire

10. C’est quatre euros cinquante

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. C’est fantastique ici 2. Ce n’est pas très bon 3. Avez-vous un plan de la région? 4. Merci 5. À quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner demain? 6. Excusez-moi, je voudrais l’addition, s’il vous plaît 7. C’est à six heures moins le quart 8. Mes carottes sont parfaites 9. Puis-je payer l’addition ici? 10. Je voudrais aller à la boucherie demain

1. It’s fantastic here 2. It isn’t very good 3. Do you have a map of the region? 4. Thank you 5. What time is breakfast tomorrow? 6. Excuse me, I would like the bill, please 7. It’s at quarter to six 8. My carrots are perfect 9. Can I pay the bill here? 10. I would like to go to the butcher tomorrow

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. a week 2. (at) half past… 3. the third road 4. good evening 5. a taxi 6. the hotel 7. and 8. per week 9. have a good evening 10. two days 11. aren't 12. (on the) left 13. everybody 14. it isn’t 15. go (directions) 16. the bill 17. where 18. I think 19. thank you 20. nice 21. there 22. without 23. at Pierre's house 24. is 25. extraordinary 26. at/to 27. (at) quarter to… 28. a day 29. delicious 30. the first road 31. at the house of

32. cents 33. the address 34. the beach 35. it is 36. Pierre's address 37. to take 38. that is… 39. (on the) right 40. isn’t 41. the food 42. of/from 43. turn (direction) 44. (to) hire 45. a room 46. a tea 47. per person 48. absolutely 49. hello 50. a reservation 51. a card 52. tonight/this evening 53. straight on 54. the chicken 55. are 56. for him 57. a bottle of water 58. euros 59. can I? 60. beautiful 61. goodbye 62. the restaurant 63. the restaurant's address 64. have a good day 65. (at) what time 66. for me 67. the dinner

68. the wine 69. a carrot 70. a balcony 71. tomorrow 72. by card 73. the hotel's address 74. terrible 75. goodnight 76. two weeks 77. a leek 78. very 79. a map 80. what is…? 81. to have 82. good 83. perfect 84. I would like 85. the lunch 86. also 87. the (plural) 88. per 89. where is…? 90. two people 91. a television 92. the region 93. (at) … o'clock 94. per month 95. a table 96. no 97. my 98. what time is it? 99. a 100. for her 101. hi 102. the turkey 103. a coffee

104. see you soon 105. (to) try 106. the second road 107. please 108. with 109. two nights 110. the town/city 111. a car 112. one night 113. it is…o'clock 114. how much is it? 115. (at) quarter past… 116. (to) pay 117. where are…? 118. here 119. (to) make 120. …doesn't work 121. fantastic 122. two months 123. to go (to) 124. my (plural) 125. the water 126. do you have 127. a bottle of wine 128. that 129. everything 130. yes 131. how do I get to…? 132. but 133. always 134. per day 135. a month 136. excuse me 137. take (direction) 138. the breakfast 139. then

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

une semaine à…heures et demie la troisième rue bonsoir un taxi l'hôtel et par semaine bonne soirée deux jours ne sont pas à gauche tout le monde ce n'est pas allez l'addition où pour moi merci sympa là sans chez Pierre est extraordinaire à à…heures moins le quart un jour délicieux la première rue chez centimes l'adresse la plage c'est

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

l'adresse de Pierre prendre ça c'est… à droite n'est pas la nourriture de tournez louer une chambre un thé par personne absolument bonjour une réservation une carte ce soir tout droit le poulet sont pour lui une bouteille d'eau euros puis-je? beau au revoir le restaurant l'adresse du restaurant bonne journée à quelle heure pour moi le dîner le vin une carotte un balcon demain par carte

73. l'adresse de l'hôtel 74. terrible 75. bonne nuit 76. deux semaines 77. un poireau 78. très 79. un plan 80. quelle est…? 81. avoir 82. bon 83. parfait 84. je voudrais 85. le déjeuner 86. aussi 87. les 88. par 89. où est…? 90. deux personnes 91. une télévision 92. la région 93. à…heures 94. par mois 95. une table 96. non 97. mon 98. quelle heure est-il? 99. un 100. pour elle 101. salut 102. la dinde 103. un café 104. à bientôt 105. essayer 106. la deuxième rue 107. s'il vous plaît 108. avec 109. deux nuits

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139.

la ville une voiture une nuit il est…heures c'est combien? à…heues et quart payer où sont…? ici faire …ne marche pas fantastique deux mois aller (à) mes l'eau avez-vous une bouteille de vin ça tout oui pour aller à…? mais toujours par jour un mois excusez-moi prenez le petit-déjeuner puis

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons nineteen to twenty-one of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons twenty-two to twenty-four, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare: 3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4

3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses: French - Verbs 1

Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-3/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2puzBw1 Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 22 – 24 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 19-21”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 22 LESSON 23 LESSON 24 Les couleurs (The colours) Les vêtements (The clothes)

LESSON 22 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? turn the first road the second road the third road then (on the) left (on the) right take If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Directions In the last book, we learnt quite a few direction words. I’m going to give you one more lesson full of direction words. Directions are rather important for tourists anyway, but for linguists, they’re even more important! They’re usually the easiest way for you to get speaking French as soon as you arrive in France. When I first started going to France after having begun my French lessons many moons ago, my mum made me ask where everything was, all the time! If I wanted to go to the toilet, I had to ask where it was. If I wanted to go to the shop, I had to ask where it was. No matter what, she always made me ask where things were because it was a good way of practising my language skills. In fact, most of the time I knew where the toilet was anyway, but that made it more useful; I knew what the other person was going to say before they even said it, all I was doing was listening to them say it in French. So, when you’re in France, or any other French speaking country, always ask ask ask. Unless it’s a medical emergency, don’t be afraid of asking directions in French, even if you don’t quite get the gist of what’s being said, you can always just ask somebody else a bit further down the road. Keep asking more and more people until you start to work out what’s being said. It’s a good way of tuning your ear into the language. One more thing you can do to practise your direction vocabulary is put your SatNav into French. Have a look to see if you can change the instructions to French, and then turn it on when you know where you’re going. You’ll know what the instructions mean if you already know the route, so all you’re doing is hearing to them being said in French.

Anyway, here’s something you’ll come across on the road:

le rond-point It means “the roundabout” You pronounce it “ler ron(d) pwan(g)”

How would you say this in French?

The roundabout is there.

The roundabout is there. Le rond-point est là.

How would you say this in French?

Where is the roundabout?

Where is the roundabout? Où est le rond-point?

How would you say this in French?

The roundabout is on the left.

The roundabout is on the left. Le rond-point est à gauche.

à + le = au Don’t forget that à + le = au So, what would this mean? Au rond-point It means "at the roundabout"

How would you say this in French?

At the roundabout, turn left.

At the roundabout, turn left. Au rond-point, tournez à gauche.

How would you say this in French?

At the roundabout, turn right.

At the roundabout, turn right. Au rond-point, tournez à droite.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is at the roundabout.

Pierre is at the roundabout. Pierre est au rond-point.

The word for “the road” is “la rue”, here’s another useful word:

la sortie It means “the exit” You pronounce it “lah saw-tee”

You can do with “la sortie” like we did with “la rue”:

la première sortie the first exit (“lah prer-mee-air saw-tee”)

la deuxième sortie the second exit (“lah deugh-zee-emm saw-tee”)

la troisième sortie the third exit (“lah twah-zee-emm saw-tee”)

How would you say this in French?

Take the first exit at the roundabout.

Take the first exit at the roundabout. Prenez la première sortie au rondpoint.

How would you say this in French?

Take the second exit.

Take the second exit. Prenez la deuxième sortie.

What about this direction?

At the roundabout, take the third exit.

At the roundabout, take the third exit. Au rond-point, prenez la troisième sortie.

WORD LIST SO FAR le rond-point –the roundabout au rond-point – at the roundabout la sortie – the exit la première sortie – the first exit la deuxième sortie – the second exit la troisième sortie – the third exit

Here’s another word in French:

vers It means “towards” You pronounce it “vair”

How would you say this in French?

Go towards Paris.

Go towards Paris. Allez vers Paris.

How would you say this in French?

At the roundabout, take the exit towards Paris.

At the roundabout, take the exit towards Paris. Au rond-point, prenez la sortie vers Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Turn left towards Marseille.

Turn left towards Marseille. Tournez à gauche vers Marseille.

This is a nice little word:

après It means “after” You pronounce it “ah-pray”

How would you say this in French?

Turn left after the roundabout.

Turn left after the roundabout. Tournez à gauche après le rond-point.

You don’t have to use the word “après” only when giving directions; use it liberally:

I would like to go to the beach after lunch.

I would like to go to the beach after lunch. Je voudrais aller à la plage après le déjeuner.

How would you say this in French?

Can I go after six o’clock?

Can I go after six o’clock? Puis-je aller après six heures?

WORD LIST SO FAR le rond-point –the roundabout au rond-point – at the roundabout la sortie – the exit la première sortie – the first exit la deuxième sortie – the second exit la troisième sortie – the third exit vers – towards après – after

The opposite of “après” is this:

avant It means “before” You pronounce it “ah-von(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Turn left before the roundabout.

Turn left before the roundabout. Tournez à gauche avant le rond-point.

How would you say this in French?

Turn right before the restaurant.

Turn right before the restaurant. Tournez à droite avant le restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go before two o’clock.

I would like to go before two o’clock. Je voudrais aller avant deux heures.

We’ll make this our final direction word:

les feux It means “the traffic lights” You pronounce it “lay feugh”

How would you say this in French?

At the traffic lights, turn left.

At the traffic lights, turn left. Aux feux, tournez à gauche. Did you remember that à + les = aux?

How would you say this in French?

Turn right before the traffic lights.

Turn right before the traffic lights. Tournez à droite avant les feux.

How would you say this in French?

Turn towards Paris after the traffic lights.

Turn towards Paris after the traffic lights. Tournez vers Paris après les feux.

WORD LIST SO FAR le rond-point –the roundabout au rond-point – at the roundabout la sortie – the exit la première sortie – the first exit la deuxième sortie – the second exit la troisième sortie – the third exit vers – towards après – after avant – before les feux – the traffic lights

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

After the roundabout, take the third road on the left

2.

Turn left at the roundabout

3.

Turn left before the traffic lights

4.

After the roundabout, take the second road on the right

5.

The shop is on the right

6.

At the roundabout, turn right

7.

After the restaurant, go straight on and then take the first road on the left

8.

Go straight on and then take the first road on the left

9.

It’s there towards the hotel

10. Go straight on and then take the second exit at the roundabout

1.

Après le rond-point, prenez la troisième rue à gauche

2.

Tournez à gauche au rond-point

3.

Tournez à gauche avant les feux

4.

Après le rond-point, prenez la deuxième rue à droite

5.

Le magasin est à droite

6.

Au rond-point, tournez à droite

7.

Après le restaurant, allez tout droit et puis prenez la première rue à gauche

8.

Allez tout droit et puis prenez la première rue à gauche

9.

C’est là vers l’hôtel

10. Allez tout droit et puis prenez la deuxième sortie au rondpoint

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

Au rond-point, prenez la sortie vers La Rochelle

2.

Avant le dessert, puis-je essayer le fromage?

3.

Allez tout droit et puis prenez la troisième rue à droite

4.

Après le rond-point, prenez la troisième rue à gauche

5.

C’est là, vers l’hôtel

6.

Au rond-point, tournez à gauche

7.

Allez tout droit et puis prenez la troisième sortie au rond-point

8.

Prenez la sortie vers Marseille

9.

Prenez la troisième rue à droite

10. Prenez la sortie vers Aix-en-Provence

1.

At the roundabout, take the exit towards La Rochelle

2.

Before dessert, can I try the cheese?

3.

Go straight on and then take the third road on the right

4.

After the roundabout, take the third road on the left

5.

It’s there, towards the hotel

6.

At the roundabout, turn left

7.

Go straight on and then take the third exit at the roundabout

8.

Take the exit towards Marseille

9.

Take the third road on the right

10. Take the exit towards Aix-en-Provence

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Yes, I think it’s fantastic here

2.

At Marie’s house

3.

Do you have any cheese?

4.

I would like a room with a television

5.

It’s always absolutely perfect

6.

It’s at Pierre’s house

7.

That’s the restaurant

8.

I would like to go to Lucie’s house

9.

It’s absolutely beautiful here

10. It’s extraordinary

1.

Oui, pour moi, c’est fantastique ici

2.

Chez Marie

3.

Avez-vous du fromage?

4.

Je voudrais une chambre avec une télévision

5.

C’est toujours absolument parfait

6.

C’est chez Pierre

7.

Ça c’est le restaurant

8.

Je voudrais aller chez Lucie

9.

C’est absolument beau ici

10. C’est extraordinaire

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. C’est combien pour six jours? 2. Puis-je aller au gymnase? 3. Ma dinde est parfaite 4. Je voudrais aller à trois heures moins le quart 5. Puis-je aller à Paris? 6. La plage est tout droit 7. Oui, c’est fantastique 8. Mon petit-déjeuner est parfait 9. Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon, s’il vous plaît 10. Je voudrais un taxi à quatre heures, s’il vous plaît

1. How much is it for six days? 2. Can I go to the gym? 3. My turkey is perfect 4. I would like to go at quarter to three 5. Can I go to Paris? 6. The beach is straight on 7. Yes, it’s fantastic 8. My breakfast is perfect 9. I would like a room with a balcony, please 10. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. a week 2. my 3. a table 4. for me 5. after 6. per person 7. how much is it? 8. nice 9. everything 10. the food 11. straight on 12. very 13. always 14. the region 15. (to) hire 16. fantastic 17. the exit 18. that is… 19. yes 20. a balcony 21. at Pierre's house 22. a carrot 23. beautiful 24. where are…? 25. (to) make 26. (on the) right 27. two nights 28. for him 29. here 30. aren't 31. (at) what time

32. it is…o'clock 33. a car 34. what is…? 35. the bill 36. it is 37. without 38. it isn’t 39. good 40. goodbye 41. no 42. a 43. I would like 44. there 45. two days 46. can I? 47. (on the) left 48. see you soon 49. the beach 50. the address 51. have a good day 52. hi 53. at the roundabout 54. (at) half past… 55. extraordinary 56. (to) pay 57. the roundabout 58. delicious 59. go (directions) 60. two people 61. then 62. are 63. the first road 64. a bottle of water 65. where 66. the chicken 67. but

68. a reservation 69. to have 70. with 71. a television 72. two weeks 73. per month 74. a bottle of wine 75. my (plural) 76. one night 77. of/from 78. a leek 79. where is…? 80. a tea 81. the dinner 82. absolutely 83. a card 84. the restaurant 85. the lunch 86. the breakfast 87. to take 88. how do I get to…? 89. take (direction) 90. I think 91. terrible 92. also 93. do you have 94. before 95. excuse me 96. that 97. the town/city 98. at the house of 99. at/to 100. perfect 101. isn’t 102. the third road 103. euros

104. a month 105. a room 106. per day 107. everybody 108. the hotel's address 109. the water 110. the restaurant's address 111. Pierre's address 112. hello 113. to go (to) 114. per week 115. (at) … o'clock 116. (at) quarter to… 117. cents 118. have a good evening 119. the second road 120. a day 121. two months 122. is 123. towards 124. goodnight 125. (at) quarter past… 126. and 127. the (plural) 128. the traffic lights 129. for her 130. a map 131. by card 132. (to) try 133. tonight/this evening 134. a coffee 135. the turkey 136. turn (direction) 137. …doesn't work 138. thank you 139. good evening

140. the wine 141. tomorrow 142. what time is it? 143. the hotel 144. per 145. a taxi 146. please

1. une semaine 2. mon 3. une table 4. pour moi 5. après 6. par personne 7. c'est combien? 8. sympa 9. tout 10. la nourriture 11. tout droit 12. très 13. toujours 14. la région 15. louer 16. fantastique 17. la sortie 18. ça c'est… 19. oui 20. un balcon 21. chez Pierre 22. une carotte 23. beau 24. où sont…? 25. faire 26. à droite 27. deux nuits 28. pour lui 29. ici 30. ne sont pas 31. à quelle heure 32. il est…heures 33. une voiture 34. quelle est…? 35. l'addition

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.

c'est sans ce n'est pas bon au revoir non un je voudrais là deux jours puis-je? à gauche à bientôt la plage l'adresse bonne journée salut au rond-point à…heures et demie extraordinaire payer le rond-point délicieux allez deux personnes puis sont la première rue une bouteille d'eau où le poulet mais une réservation avoir avec une télévision

72. deux semaines 73. par mois 74. une bouteille de vin 75. mes 76. une nuit 77. de 78. un poireau 79. où est…? 80. un thé 81. le dîner 82. absolument 83. une carte 84. le restaurant 85. le déjeuner 86. le petit-déjeuner 87. prendre 88. pour aller à…? 89. prenez 90. pour moi 91. terrible 92. aussi 93. avez-vous 94. avant 95. excusez-moi 96. ça 97. la ville 98. chez 99. à 100. parfait 101. n'est pas 102. la troisième rue 103. euros 104. un mois 105. une chambre 106. par jour 107. tout le monde

108. l'adresse de l'hôtel 109. l'eau 110. l'adresse du restaurant 111. l'adresse de Pierre 112. bonjour 113. aller (à) 114. par semaine 115. à…heures 116. à…heures moins le quart 117. centimes 118. bonne soirée 119. la deuxième rue 120. un jour 121. deux mois 122. est 123. vers 124. bonne nuit 125. à…heues et quart 126. et 127. les 128. les feux 129. pour elle 130. un plan 131. par carte 132. essayer 133. ce soir 134. un café 135. la dinde 136. tournez 137. …ne marche pas 138. merci 139. bonsoir 140. le vin 141. demain 142. quelle heure est-il? 143. l'hôtel

144. par 145. un taxi 146. s'il vous plaît

LESSON 23 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? the traffic lights the exit the first exit the second exit the third exit before after towards the roundabout If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful little word in French:

trop It means “too much” You pronounce it “troh”

How would you say this in French?

It’s too much.

It’s too much. C’est trop.

How would you say this in French?

It’s too much for me.

It’s too much for me. C’est trop pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s too much.

I think it’s too much. Pour moi, c’est trop.

How would you say this in French?

That is too much for me.

That is too much for me. Ça c’est trop pour moi.

The word “trop” means “too much” but it can also mean just “too”:

trop It means “too much” or just “too” You pronounce it “troh”

Let me give you a little adjective:

grand It means “big” You pronounce it “gron(g)”

How would you say this in French?

It’s too big.

It’s too big. C’est trop grand.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very big.

It’s very big. C’est très grand.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s too big.

I think it’s too big. Pour moi, c’est trop grand.

How would you say this in French?

It’s too big for me.

It’s too big for me. C’est trop grand pour moi.

The opposite of “grand” is this:

petit It means “small” You pronounce it “pur-tee”

How would you say this in French?

It’s very small.

It’s very small. C’est très petit.

How would you say this in French?

It’s too small for me.

It’s too small for me. C’est trop petit pour moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR trop – too much / too grand – big petit – small

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant is very small.

The restaurant is very small. Le restaurant est très petit.

Now, be a little careful with this one:

The car is very small.

The car is very small. La voiture est très petite. I said to be careful because the word for car is feminine in French, which means you should also add an E onto the end of “petit” to make the feminine version “petite”

Here’s a useful little word:

plus It means “more” You pronounce it “ploo”

Comparatives in French In English, a comparative is when you put ‘-er’ onto the end of something to make it more. For example, “small” becomes “smaller”, and “big” becomes “bigger”. The rule in English is that if the word has two syllables or fewer, you can stick an ‘-er’ on the end. However, if it has three or more syllables, you can’t do this (“delicious” can’t become “deliciouser”, for example). What you have to do instead is use the word “more” (“delicious” becomes “more delicious”). Well, in French, this is what you have to do all the time. You always have to use the word “more” because the “-er” suffix doesn’t exist in French. The French word for “more” is “plus”. So, in French, to say “bigger”, you have to say “more big” (plus grand) and “smaller” would be “more small” (plus petit).

So, how would you say this in French?

Everything here is bigger.

Everything here is bigger. Tout ici est plus grand.

And, how would you say this in French?

Everything here is smaller.

Everything here is smaller. Tout ici est plus petit.

How would you say this in French?

Bigger.

Bigger. Plus grand.

How would you say this in French?

Smaller.

Smaller. Plus petit.

How would you say this in French?

More beautiful.

More beautiful. Plus beau.

How would you say this in French?

More extraordinary.

More extraordinary. Plus extraordinaire.

How would you say this in French?

The food is more delicious there.

The food is more delicious there. La nourriture est plus délicieuse là.

Here’s a little word with a little meaning:

un peu It means “a bit” You pronounce it “an(g) pur”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bit.

I would like a bit. Je voudrais un peu.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bit of cheese.

I would like a bit of cheese. Je voudrais un peu de fromage.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bit more.

I would like a bit more. Je voudrais un peu plus.

Making the adjective agree I’ve given you two more adjectives this lesson “grand” and “petit”. Remember, I said many moons ago that all adjectives have four different forms (masculine singular, masculine plural, feminine singular and feminine plural)? Well, here are the different forms for “grand” and “petit”. English – masculine singular – masculine plural – feminine singular – feminine plural BIG – GRAND – GRANDS – GRANDE – GRANDES SMALL – PETIT – PETITS – PETITE - PETITES

How would you say this in French?

I would like a big car.

I would like a big car. Je voudrais une grande voiture.

Let’s practise those adjective endings a little with some translations: 1. I would like a big car 2. I would like a small car 3. A bigger car 4. A smaller car 5. Two big cars 6. Two small cars 7. It’s a big table 8. It’s a small table

Here are the answers: 1. Je voudrais une grande voiture 2. Je voudrais une petite voiture 3. Une plus grande voiture 4. Une plus petite voiture 5. Deux grandes voitures 6. Deux petites voitures 7. C’est une grande table 8. C’est une petite table

WORD LIST SO FAR trop – too much / too grand – big petit – small plus – more plus grand – bigger plus petit – smaller un peu – a bit

So, “plus” means “more”, and here’s the opposite:

moins It means “less” You pronounce it “mwan(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Less big.

Less big. Moins grand.

How would you say this in French?

Less small.

Less small. Moins petit.

How would you say this in French?

A bit less for me.

A bit less for me. Un peu moins pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

A bit more for me.

A bit more for me. Un peu plus pour moi.

More, less or too much You now know the words for “more” (plus), “less” (moins) and “too much” (trop). If you want to say something like “more cheese”, “less wine” or “too much chicken”, well, in French you have to say “more of cheese”, “less of wine” and “too much of chicken”. This is because whenever you put a noun after “plus”, “moins” or “trop”, you have to use the word “de”. more wine plus de vin less wine moins de vin too much wine trop de vin more carrots plus de carottes In English, when you’re talking about something in the plural, then “too much” becomes “too many” (too many carrots). However, in French it’s always just “trop de”. The phrase “trop de” can mean both “too much” and “too many”. Similarly, with the word “less”, if you’re talking about something in the plural in English, then you have to use ‘fewer’ (fewer carrots). However, in French, it’s always just “moins de” no matter what. The phrase “moins de” can mean both “less” and “fewer”. too many carrots trop de carottes too many leeks trop de poireaux

fewer carrots moins de carottes fewer leeks moins de poireaux And, one more thing - when you put a “de” after “plus”, the ‘s’ on the end of “plus” is pronounced clearly. plus de fromage (pronounced pluSSSSS de fromage) plus de poulet (pronounced pluSSSSS de poulet)

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bit more cheese.

I would like a bit more cheese. Je voudrais un peu plus de fromage.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have (any) more carrots?

Do you have (any) more carrots? Avez-vous plus de carottes?

How would you say this in French?

I would like less cheese.

I would like less cheese. Je voudrais moins de fromage.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have fewer carrots?

Can I have fewer carrots? Puis-je avoir moins de carottes?

How would you say this in French?

Too many carrots.

Too many carrots. Trop de carottes.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a bit more cheese?

Can I have a bit more cheese? Puis-je prendre un peu plus de fromage?

WORD LIST SO FAR trop – too much / too grand – big petit – small plus – more plus grand – bigger plus petit – smaller un peu (de) – a bit (of) moins – less

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a bit less, please

2.

That’s too much for me

3.

A bit big

4.

It’s very small

5.

A bit less for him, please

6.

A big car

7.

A small car

8.

I would like a big table, please

9.

That’s a very big table

10. That’s too big

1.

Je voudrais un peu moins, s’il vous plaît

2.

Ça c’est trop pour moi

3.

Un peu grand

4.

C’est très petit

5.

Un peu moins pour lui, s’il vous plaît

6.

Une grande voiture

7.

Une petite voiture

8.

Je voudrais une grande table, s’il vous plaît

9.

Ça c’est une très grande table

10. Ça c’est trop grand

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. C’est trop petit 2. Un peu plus pour lui, s’il vous plaît 3. Je voudrais un peu plus, s’il vous plaît 4. Trop petit 5. Tout est plus petit ici 6. Moins petit 7. Ça c’est une très petite table 8. Je voudrais un peu moins, s’il vous plaît 9. Ça c’est une très grande table 10. Tout est moins petit ici

1. It’s too small 2. A bit more for him, please 3. I would like a bit more, please 4. Too small 5. Everything is smaller here 6. Less small 7. That is a very small table 8. I would like a bit less, please 9. That is a very big table 10. Everything is less small here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

The Wi-Fi password doesn’t work

2.

I think it’s fantastic

3.

Pierre’s chicken is delicious

4.

How do I get to the university?

5.

The breakfast here is delicious

6.

I think the food is perfect here

7.

Can I have a coffee?

8.

At Mathieu’s house

9.

It isn’t for her; it’s for me

10. The food isn’t very good there

1.

Le mot de passe Wi-Fi ne marche pas

2.

Pour moi, c’est fantastique

3.

Le poulet de Pierre est délicieux

4.

Pour aller à l’université?

5.

Le petit-déjeuner ici est délicieux

6.

Pour moi, la nourriture est parfaite ici

7.

Puis-je prendre un café?

8.

Chez Mathieu

9.

Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour moi

10. La nourriture n’est pas très bonne là

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. C’est combien mon addition? 2. Avez-vous une chambre avec une télévision? 3. C’est à sept heures et quart 4. Où est le jardin zoologique? 5. Un thé pour elle, s’il vous plaît 6. Le four à micro-ondes ne marche pas 7. Je voudrais payer l’addition pour lui, s’il vous plaît 8. Ça ce n’est pas ma dinde 9. Tournez à droite 10. Tournez à gauche

1. How much is my bill? 2. Do you have a room with a television? 3. It’s at quarter past seven 4. Where is the zoo? 5. A tea for her, please 6. The microwave doesn’t work 7. I would like to pay the bill for him, please 8. That isn’t my turkey 9. Turn right 10. Turn left

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. delicious 2. good 3. the traffic lights 4. can I? 5. the exit 6. two people 7. per day 8. (on the) left 9. tomorrow 10. what time is it? 11. of/from 12. a coffee 13. do you have 14. (to) pay 15. hello 16. nice 17. the restaurant's address 18. where 19. the region 20. the wine 21. …doesn't work 22. the food 23. the first road 24. a room 25. aren't 26. per month 27. are 28. I would like 29. to take 30. after 31. a bottle of wine

32. at Pierre's house 33. here 34. it isn’t 35. at the house of 36. the bill 37. there 38. a car 39. isn’t 40. very 41. with 42. have a good evening 43. tonight/this evening 44. euros 45. the water 46. excuse me 47. hi 48. how do I get to…? 49. for her 50. turn (direction) 51. two months 52. always 53. at the roundabout 54. my (plural) 55. (at) half past… 56. (at) … o'clock 57. see you soon 58. goodbye 59. then 60. where are…? 61. I think 62. (to) hire 63. a card 64. cents 65. to go (to) 66. without 67. the dinner

68. small 69. the town/city 70. a bit (of) 71. a leek 72. the hotel's address 73. towards 74. by card 75. too (much) 76. a map 77. that 78. before 79. the restaurant 80. straight on 81. less 82. (to) make 83. good evening 84. no 85. a reservation 86. per week 87. big 88. what is…? 89. how much is it? 90. (at) what time 91. a week 92. absolutely 93. a balcony 94. a tea 95. for him 96. more 97. have a good day 98. perfect 99. is 100. the address 101. the breakfast 102. (on the) right 103. a bottle of water

104. also 105. bigger 106. a 107. the third road 108. to have 109. (at) quarter to… 110. two nights 111. where is…? 112. thank you 113. two weeks 114. goodnight 115. a television 116. the roundabout 117. a table 118. per 119. but 120. two days 121. Pierre's address 122. (to) try 123. a day 124. smaller 125. that is… 126. a month 127. per person 128. one night 129. beautiful 130. (at) quarter past… 131. the second road 132. it is…o'clock 133. the hotel 134. the chicken 135. terrible 136. go (directions) 137. fantastic 138. yes 139. please

140. a taxi 141. everybody 142. everything 143. the turkey 144. my 145. extraordinary 146. the beach 147. take (direction) 148. at/to 149. for me 150. the (plural) 151. a carrot 152. it is 153. and 154. the lunch

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

délicieux bon les feux puis-je? la sortie deux personnes par jour à gauche demain quelle heure est-il? de un café avez-vous payer bonjour sympa l'adresse du restaurant où la région le vin …ne marche pas la nourriture la première rue une chambre ne sont pas par mois sont je voudrais prendre après une bouteille de vin chez Pierre ici ce n'est pas chez

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

l'addition là une voiture n'est pas très avec bonne soirée ce soir euros l'eau excusez-moi salut pour aller à…? pour elle tournez deux mois toujours au rond-point mes à…heures et demie à…heures à bientôt au revoir puis où sont…? pour moi louer une carte centimes aller (à) sans le dîner petit la ville un peu (de) un poireau l'adresse de l'hôtel

73. vers 74. par carte 75. trop 76. un plan 77. ça 78. avant 79. le restaurant 80. tout droit 81. moins 82. faire 83. bonsoir 84. non 85. une réservation 86. par semaine 87. grand 88. quelle est…? 89. c'est combien? 90. à quelle heure 91. une semaine 92. absolument 93. un balcon 94. un thé 95. pour lui 96. plus 97. bonne journée 98. parfait 99. est 100. l'adresse 101. le petit-déjeuner 102. à droite 103. une bouteille d'eau 104. aussi 105. plus grand 106. un 107. la troisième rue 108. avoir 109. à…heures moins le quart

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146.

deux nuits où est…? merci deux semaines bonne nuit une télévision le rond-point une table par mais deux jours l'adresse de Pierre essayer un jour plus petit ça c'est… un mois par personne une nuit beau à…heues et quart la deuxième rue il est…heures l'hôtel le poulet terrible allez fantastique oui s'il vous plaît un taxi tout le monde tout la dinde mon extraordinaire la plage

147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154.

prenez à pour moi les une carotte c'est et le déjeuner

LESSON 24 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? more less too (much) a bit (of) big small bigger smaller If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s start this lesson with a little colour:

en rouge It means “in red” You pronounce it “on(g) roojsh”

How would you say this in French?

Do you have that in red?

Do you have that in red? Avez-vous ça en rouge?

How would you say this in French?

I would like that in red.

I would like that in red. Je voudrais ça en rouge.

How would you say this in French?

I would like the car in red.

I would like the car in red. Je voudrais la voiture en rouge.

Colours I’ve done a Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for “Colours”. Go and take a gander.

French THIS As you know, there are three different words for “the” in French (le, la, les), three different words for “my” (mon, ma, mes) and two different words for “a” (un, une). Well, there are also four different words in French for “this”.

ce this (masculine)

cette this (feminine)

ces these (plural)

cet this (used in front of a masculine noun that starts with a vowel or a H)

How would you say this in French?

This restaurant is fantastic.

This restaurant is fantastic. Ce restaurant est fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

This turkey is delicious.

This turkey is delicious. Cette dinde est délicieuse.

How would you say this in French?

This hotel is very good.

This hotel is very good. Cet hôtel est très bon. The word “hôtel" is masculine but it starts with a H, thus you use “cet” instead of “ce” for “this”.

How would you say this in French?

These carrots are terrible.

These carrots are terrible. Ces carottes sont terribles.

You may need one of these if it gets cold:

un manteau It means “a coat” You pronounce it “an(g) mon-tohw”

So, how would you say this in French?

I would like this coat.

I would like this coat. Je voudrais ce manteau.

How would you say this in French?

Where is my coat?

Where is my coat? Où est mon manteau?

And, how would you say this in French?

Do you have this coat in red?

Do you have this coat in red? Avez-vous ce manteau en rouge?

Clothes If you flip to the back of this lesson, after the Vocabulary Expansion Section for Colours, you’ll find another for Clothes. This is where you can find lots of vocabulary related to, well… clothes. Go and have a peek and choose a couple or three words to learn.

WORD LIST SO FAR en rouge – in red ce / cette / cet – this ces – these un manteau – a coat

If you go shopping, you’ll probably need one of these:

un sac It means “a bag” You pronounce it “an(g) sak”

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a bag?

Do you have a bag? Avez-vous un sac?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any bags?

Do you have any bags? Avez-vous des sacs?

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bag.

I would like a bag. Je voudrais un sac.

How would you say this in French?

I would like two bags.

I would like two bags. Je voudrais deux sacs.

This is a nice word:

un panier It means “a basket” You pronounce it “an(g) pah-nee-ay”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a basket.

I would like a basket. Je voudrais un panier.

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, do you have a basket?

Excuse me, do you have a basket? Excusez-moi, avez-vous un panier?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any baskets?

Do you have any baskets? Avez-vous des paniers?

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a basket?

Can I have a basket? Puis-je avoir un panier?

How would you say this in French?

Where are the baskets?

Where are the baskets? Où sont les paniers?

If you’re going on a big shop, you may need one of these instead:

un chariot It means “a trolley” or “a cart” You pronounce it “an(g) sha-ree-ohw”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a trolley.

I would like a trolley. Je voudrais un chariot.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a trolley?

Do you have a trolley? Avez-vous un chariot?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any trolleys?

Do you have any trolleys? Avez-vous des chariots?

WORD LIST SO FAR en rouge – in red ce / cette / cet – this ces – these un manteau – a coat un sac – a bag un panier – a basket un chariot – a trolley / a cart

How would you say this in French?

Can I have a trolley?

Can I have a trolley? Puis-je avoir un chariot?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, where are the trolleys?

Excuse me, where are the trolleys? Excusez-moi, où sont les chariots?

Colours in French In French, unlike in English, the colour goes after the word it’s describing. So instead of saying “red wine”, you would say “wine red”. For example: red wine vin rouge white wine vin blanc All colours are adjectives, which mean they have to ‘agree’ with what it is they’re referring to. For example, ‘vert’ means ‘green’ and it becomes ‘verte’ in the feminine form. a green car une voiture verte a green coat un manteau vert Now, putting the colour after the noun might seem a little odd and back to front, but I actually think it makes more sense to do it the French way rather than the English way. If you think about, in English, we say things like “the red car”, we’re saying what colour it is before we’ve even said what it is. However, in French, you say that it’s a car and then you say what colour it is: une voiture rouge a car which is red

How would you say this in French?

I would like the red coat.

I would like the red coat. Je voudrais le manteau rouge.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a green car?

Do you have a green car? Avez-vous une voiture verte?

How would you say this in French?

I would like a bottle of red wine.

I would like a bottle of red wine. Je voudrais une bouteille de vin rouge.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a white wine.

I would like a white wine. Je voudrais un vin blanc.

How would you say this in French?

I would like some white wine.

I would like some white wine. Je voudrais du vin blanc.

How would you say this in French?

I would like some red wine.

I would like some red wine. Je voudrais du vin rouge.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The red coat

2.

This restaurant is extraordinary

3.

Can I have a basket?

4.

Do you have this coat in red?

5.

May I have that in blue?

6.

I would like the brown shirt for him and the yellow shirt for her

7.

This hotel is good

8.

Do you have this shirt in orange?

9.

Where are the trolleys?

10. Do you have that in red?

1.

Le manteau rouge

2.

Ce restaurant est extraordinaire

3.

Puis-je avoir un panier?

4.

Avez-vous ce manteau en rouge?

5.

Puis-je avoir ça en bleu?

6.

Je voudrais la chemise marron pour lui et la chemise jaune pour elle

7.

Cet hôtel est bon

8.

Avez-vous cette chemise en orange?

9.

Où sont les chariots?

10. Avez-vous ça en rouge?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Puis-je avoir deux sacs, s’il vous plaît? 2. Cet hôtel 3. Avez-vous ça en rouge? 4. Cet hôtel est bon 5. Où sont les chaussures? 6. Ce restaurant est parfait 7. Le manteau vert 8. Je voudrais ce manteau, mais en rouge 9. L’hôtel n’est pas parfait mais c’est très bon 10. Cet hôtel est parfait

1. Can I have two bags, please? 2. This hotel 3. Do you have that in red? 4. This hotel is good 5. Where are the shoes? 6. This restaurant is perfect 7. The green coat 8. I would like this coat, but in red 9. The hotel isn’t perfect but it’s very good 10. This hotel is perfect

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

How much is a room?

2.

Can I pay with a card, please?

3.

It’s at nine o’clock

4.

The restaurant isn’t bad

5.

I would like a bottle of wine, please

6.

It’s very small

7.

I would like to hire a car, how much is it?

8.

A bottle of water is one euro twenty

9.

Can I make a reservation?

10. It’s at quarter past five

1.

C’est combien une chambre?

2.

Puis-je payer avec une carte, s’il vous plaît?

3.

C’est à neuf heures

4.

Le restaurant n’est pas mauvais

5.

Je voudrais une bouteille de vin, s’il vous plaît

6.

C’est très petit

7.

Je voudrais louer une voiture, c’est combien?

8.

Une bouteille d’eau est un euro vingt

9.

Puis-je faire une réservation?

10. C’est à cinq heures et quart

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Pour aller à la gare? 2. Il est cinq heures et demie 3. Après le bifteck, je voudrais essayer le poulet 4. La bouilloire ne marche pas 5. Le four à micro-ondes ne marche pas 6. Je voudrais un taxi à quatre heures, s’il vous plaît 7. Prenez la sortie vers St Tropez, et puis allez tout droit 8. Tournez à gauche, et c’est là 9. Ce n’est pas pour lui; c’est pour moi 10. C’est trente euros par mois

1. How do I get to the train station? 2. It’s half past five 3. After the steak, I would like to try the chicken 4. The kettle doesn’t work 5. The microwave doesn’t work 6. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please 7. Take the exit towards St Tropez, and then go straight on 8. Turn left, and it’s there 9. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 10. It’s thirty euros a month

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. perfect 2. to go (to) 3. the traffic lights 4. have a good day 5. a leek 6. a table 7. where are…? 8. for me 9. take (direction) 10. very 11. excuse me 12. tonight/this evening 13. the region 14. what time is it? 15. to take 16. a month 17. a taxi 18. (at) half past… 19. cents 20. goodbye 21. (on the) left 22. by card 23. have a good evening 24. a bottle of water 25. see you soon 26. then 27. less 28. big 29. do you have 30. also 31. the dinner

32. small 33. per person 34. euros 35. per month 36. delicious 37. good 38. the beach 39. (on the) right 40. the water 41. a bottle of wine 42. with 43. a card 44. at the house of 45. the exit 46. is 47. smaller 48. the turkey 49. after 50. a bag 51. the bill 52. there 53. aren't 54. beautiful 55. Pierre's address 56. isn’t 57. the hotel 58. towards 59. the food 60. here 61. two days 62. for her 63. more 64. a 65. yes 66. it isn’t 67. where

68. …doesn't work 69. always 70. at/to 71. a reservation 72. terrible 73. where is…? 74. at Pierre's house 75. per week 76. the roundabout 77. (at) … o'clock 78. a television 79. the restaurant 80. per day 81. nice 82. without 83. thank you 84. (to) pay 85. a trolley 86. the wine 87. these 88. the address 89. what is…? 90. that is… 91. hi 92. (at) quarter to… 93. a coffee 94. a balcony 95. turn (direction) 96. one night 97. for him 98. two nights 99. everybody 100. (at) quarter past… 101. (to) make 102. I think 103. I would like

104. how do I get to…? 105. a coat 106. (to) hire 107. good evening 108. the chicken 109. the third road 110. my (plural) 111. can I? 112. the (plural) 113. hello 114. extraordinary 115. this 116. a room 117. no 118. the restaurant's address 119. but 120. of/from 121. and 122. are 123. two people 124. a map 125. bigger 126. fantastic 127. my 128. a bit (of) 129. that 130. (to) try 131. at the roundabout 132. a week 133. absolutely 134. a carrot 135. the hotel's address 136. the breakfast 137. a day 138. straight on 139. it is…o'clock

140. a car 141. per 142. how much is it? 143. a basket 144. a tea 145. before 146. (at) what time 147. two weeks 148. the town/city 149. the first road 150. it is 151. too (much) 152. two months 153. goodnight 154. please 155. the lunch 156. tomorrow 157. to have 158. in red 159. go (directions) 160. everything 161. the second road

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

parfait aller (à) les feux bonne journée un poireau une table où sont…? pour moi prenez très excusez-moi ce soir la région quelle heure est-il? prendre un mois un taxi à…heures et demie centimes au revoir à gauche par carte bonne soirée une bouteille d'eau à bientôt puis moins grand avez-vous aussi le dîner petit par personne euros par mois

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

délicieux bon la plage à droite l'eau une bouteille de vin avec une carte chez la sortie est plus petit la dinde après un sac l'addition là ne sont pas beau l'adresse de Pierre n'est pas l'hôtel vers la nourriture ici deux jours pour elle plus un oui ce n'est pas où …ne marche pas toujours à une réservation terrible

73. où est…? 74. chez Pierre 75. par semaine 76. le rond-point 77. à…heures 78. une télévision 79. le restaurant 80. par jour 81. sympa 82. sans 83. merci 84. payer 85. un chariot 86. le vin 87. ces 88. l'adresse 89. quelle est…? 90. ça c'est… 91. salut 92. à…heures moins le quart 93. un café 94. un balcon 95. tournez 96. une nuit 97. pour lui 98. deux nuits 99. tout le monde 100. à…heues et quart 101. faire 102. pour moi 103. je voudrais 104. pour aller à…? 105. un manteau 106. louer 107. bonsoir 108. le poulet 109. la troisième rue

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146.

mes puis-je? les bonjour extraordinaire ce/cette/cet une chambre non l'adresse du restaurant mais de et sont deux personnes un plan plus grand fantastique mon un peu (de) ça essayer au rond-point une semaine absolument une carotte l'adresse de l'hôtel le petit-déjeuner un jour tout droit il est…heures une voiture par c'est combien? un panier un thé avant à quelle heure

147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161.

deux semaines la ville la première rue c'est trop deux mois bonne nuit s'il vous plaît le déjeuner demain avoir en rouge allez tout la deuxième rue

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Les couleurs the colours

Add the letters in brackets for the feminine form. If there are no brackets, it’s because there is no distinct feminine form. violet(te) marron rose bleu(e) vert(e) rouge orange noir(e) jaune blanc(he) gris(e) bleu clair bleu foncé

purple brown pink blue green red orange black yellow white grey light blue dark blue

Les vêtements the clothes

vêtements unisexe

unisex clothing

un manteau a coat un imperméable a raincoat un blouson a jacket un anorak a ski jacket/an anorak un tee-shirt a t-shirt un pantalon some trousers un jean some jeans un maillot (de bain) a bathing suit un short some shorts des chaussettes some socks des chaussures some shoes des baskets / des tennis some trainers des bottes some boots des sandales some sandals un pyjama some pajamas des pantoufles some slippers un tricot a knitted jumper un pull-over a sweatshirt un gilet a body warmer un bleu de travail some overalls

vêtements homme

men’s clothing

un costume a man’s suit un smoking a tuxedo une chemise a shirt un veston de sport a sport jacket une cravate a tie un nœud papillon a bow tie une ceinture a belt un maillot de corps an undershirt un boxer-short some boxer shorts un caleçon some underwear un gilet a waistcoat

vêtements femme

women’s clothing

un tailleur a woman’s suit un chemisier a blouse une robe a dress une jupe a skirt une minijupe a miniskirt des chaussures à hauts talons some high-heeled shoes un soutien-gorge a bra une combinaison a slip un jupon a half slip des bas some stockings un collant some tights un slip some briefs une chemise de nuit a nightgown un bikini a bikini une culotte some knickers un voile a veil

les bijoux

the jewellery

une barrette a hairclip une boucle d’oreille an earring un collier a necklace un pendentif a pendant une broche a brooch une épingle a pin un fixe-cravate a tie-clip un bracelet a bracelet un bracelet à breloques a charm bracelet une montre a watch un bouton de manchette a cufflink une bague de fiançailles an engagement ring une alliance a wedding ring un anneau a ring (any sort) une bague a ring (jewellery) …en argent silver… …en or gold…

divers

miscellaneous

une aiguille a needle un bouton a button le col the collar le coton the cotton la fermeture éclair the zip le fil the thread un lacet (de chaussure) a shoelace une lanière a thin strap une sangle a strap une machine à coudre a sewing machine la manche the sleeve une poche a pocket le velcro the velcro les aiguilles à tricoter the knitting needles la laine the wool

les accessoires

the accessories

un chapeau a hat un ruban a ribbon des lunettes some glasses des lunettes de soleil some sunglasses un foulard a headscarf / a neckerchief un cache-nez a muffler un châle a shawl un mouchoir a handkerchief des gants some gloves des moufles some mittens une ceinture a belt un portefeuille a wallet un porte-monnaie a purse un sac à main a handbag un sac à dos a backpack un porte-documents a briefcase un parapluie an umbrella une écharpe a scarf le maquillage the make-up le parfum perfume une casquette a baseball cap un béret a beret les bretelles braces un cardigan a cardigan un poncho a poncho

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons twenty-two to twenty-four of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons twenty-five and twenty-six, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare:

3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses:

French - Verbs 1 Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-3/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2puzBw1 Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 25 – 26 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 22-24”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 25 Liste des matériaux (List of materials) LESSON 26 EXTRA TRANSLATIONS

LESSON 25 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? a coat a bag in red this these a basket a trolley If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, the wonderful thing about languages is that there is always more than one way to say anything. There are lots of words that mean the same thing. Words that mean the same thing as each other are called synonyms.

We know that the word “ça” means “that”, well, here’s a synonym:

cela It means “that” too You pronounce it “sir-lah”

How would you say this in French?

I would like that.

I would like that. Je voudrais cela. (or – je voudrais ça)

How would you say this in French?

Do you have that in red?

Do you have that in red? Avez-vous cela en rouge? (or – avez-vous ça en rouge?)

Here’s a nice word in French:

j’aime It means “I like” You pronounce it “jshem”

How would you say this in French?

I like this restaurant.

I like this restaurant. J’aime ce restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I like the chicken here.

I like the chicken here. J’aime le poulet ici.

How would you say this in French?

I like everybody here.

I like everybody here. J’aime tout le monde ici.

WORD LIST SO FAR cela –that j’aime – I like

How would you say this in French?

I like the red car.

I like the red car. J’aime la voiture rouge.

If we change “j’aime” slightly, we get:

je l’aime It means “I like it” You pronounce it “jsher lemm” We’ll talk about the intricacies of this in a moment, but for now just know that “je l’aime” means “I like it”

How would you say this in French?

I like it here.

I like it here. Je l’aime ici.

How would you say this in French?

I like it in red.

I like it in red. Je l’aime en rouge.

How would you say this in French?

I like the red coat but I like it in green, as well. The word for “as well” is the same as the word for “also” – “aussi”

I like the red coat but I like it in green, as well. J’aime le manteau rouge mais je l’aime en vert, aussi.

This is a nice little word:

en bois It means “in wood” You pronounce it “on(g) bwah”

How would you say this in French?

Do you have that in wood?

Do you have that in wood? Avez-vous cela en bois? (or – avez-vous ça en bois?)

Materials I’ve included a “Materials” Vocabulary Expansion section at the end of this lesson with a list of lots of different types of materials. Go and have a look.

Here’s a phrase that looks remarkably similar to its English counterpart:

je préfère It means “I prefer” You pronounce it “jsher preh-fair”

WORD LIST SO FAR cela –that j’aime – I like je l’aime – I like it en bois – in wood je préfère – I prefer

How would you say this in French?

I prefer the red coat.

I prefer the red coat. Je préfère le manteau rouge.

How would you say this in French?

I like the green coat but I prefer the red coat.

I like the green coat but I prefer the red coat. J’aime le manteau vert mais je préfère le manteau rouge.

How would you say this in French?

I like to go to (the) town but I prefer to go to the beach.

I like to go to (the) town but I prefer to go to the beach. J’aime aller à la ville mais je préfère aller à la plage.

If we change “je préfère” slightly, we get:

je le préfère It means “I prefer it” You pronounce it “jsher ler preh-fair”

How would you say this in French?

I prefer it here.

I prefer it here. Je le préfère ici.

How would you say this in French?

I like the green coat but I prefer it in red.

I like the green coat but I prefer it in red. J’aime le manteau vert mais je le préfère en rouge.

Je le préfère You've just learnt the following phrases:

j’aime I like

je l’aime I like it

je préfère I prefer

je le préfère I prefer it

So, whenever you put a little “le” in front of a verb, it means “it” in French.

This works with any verb. (When you put LE in front of a vowel, it becomes L’ e.g. je l’aime).

je voudrais I would like

je le voudrais I would like it

avez-vous? do you have?

l’avez-vous? do you have it?

How would you say this in French?

I would like it in red.

I would like it in red. Je le voudrais en rouge.

How would you say this in French?

I would like it in wood.

I would like it in wood. Je le voudrais en bois.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have it in red?

Do you have it in red? L’avez-vous en rouge?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have it in wood?

Do you have it in wood? L’avez-vous en bois?

WORD LIST SO FAR cela –that j’aime – I like je l’aime – I like it en bois – in wood je préfère – I prefer je le préfère – I prefer it je le voudrais – I would like it l’avez-vous?– do you have it?

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I like the lamb

2.

I like it in red but I prefer it in yellow

3.

I like the red coat but I prefer it in blue

4.

I prefer the red wine

5.

I like it in green

6.

Can I have that in brown?

7.

I like it in wood

8.

I like the green coat

9.

I like it in metal

10. I like that

1.

J’aime l’agneau

2.

Je l’aime en rouge mais je le préfère en jaune

3.

J’aime le manteau rouge mais je le préfère en bleu

4.

Je préfère le vin rouge

5.

Je l’aime en vert

6.

Puis-je avoir cela en marron?

7.

Je l’aime en bois

8.

J’aime le manteau vert

9.

Je l’aime en métal

10. J’aime ça

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

Avez-vous cela en bleu clair?

2.

J’aime le manteau vert

3.

Je voudrais cela en bleu clair

4.

Avez-vous cela en marron?

5.

Je l’aime en plastique

6.

J’aime le fromage mais je préfère le vin

7.

Puis-je avoir cela en bleu foncé?

8.

J’aime l’agneau

9.

Je préfère le manteau vert mais j’aime le manteau rouge, aussi

10. J’aime le manteau rouge mais je le préfère en jaune

1.

Do you have that in light blue?

2.

I like the green coat

3.

I would like that in light blue

4.

Do you have that in brown?

5.

I like it in plastic

6.

I like the cheese but I prefer the wine

7.

Can I have that in dark blue?

8.

I like the lamb

9.

I prefer the green coat but I like the red coat, as well

10. I like the red coat but I prefer it in yellow

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s half past three

2.

The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here

3.

I would like to go at quarter past four

4.

I think it’s fantastic

5.

The dinner is perfect

6.

My address is 15 Rue de Marseille

7.

I would like the chicken but without the onions, please

8.

Take the second road on the right and then the third road on the left

9.

How do I get to the city centre?

10. I would like a trolley

1.

Il est trois heures et demie

2.

Le petit-déjeuner est absolument fantastique ici

3.

Je voudrais aller à quatre heures et quart

4.

Pour moi, c’est fantastique

5.

Le dîner est parfait

6.

Mon adresse est quinze Rue de Marseille

7.

Je voudrais le poulet mais sans les oignons, s’il vous plaît

8.

Prenez la deuxième rue à droite et puis la troisième rue à gauche

9.

Pour aller au centre-ville?

10. Je voudrais un chariot

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais un taxi pour trois personnes à quatre heures moins le quart, s’il vous plaît 2. Je voudrais une réservation à sept heures, s’il vous plaît 3. Je voudrais aller à l’hôtel à cinq heures 4. Avez-vous la chemise en vert? 5. Je voudrais des pommes 6. Il est six heures et demie 7. Je voudrais un taxi à deux heures et demie 8. Je voudrais aller chez elle à cinq heures 9. À quelle heure puis-je aller à la banque? 10. Le dîner est absolument fantastique ici

1. I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please 2. I would like a reservation at seven o’clock, please 3. I would like to go to the hotel at five o’clock 4. Do you have the shirt in green? 5. I would like some apples 6. It’s half past six 7. I would like a taxi at half past two 8. I would like to go to her house at five o’clock 9. What time can I go to the bank? 10. The dinner is absolutely fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. big 2. the chicken 3. (at) quarter past… 4. I prefer 5. then 6. delicious 7. the wine 8. goodnight 9. the town/city 10. thank you 11. smaller 12. the third road 13. a day 14. this 15. where is…? 16. a leek 17. in wood 18. a week 19. Pierre's address 20. before

21. (at) half past… 22. a bottle of wine 23. to take 24. the hotel's address 25. and 26. the restaurant's address 27. the lunch 28. (to) pay 29. for him 30. these 31. without 32. good 33. (at) … o'clock 34. for me 35. the traffic lights 36. to go (to) 37. two people 38. always 39. my (plural) 40. do you have 41. a table 42. beautiful 43. a balcony

44. (at) what time 45. I think 46. where 47. good evenig 48. a 49. a coat 50. the address 51. the food 52. here 53. nice 54. with 55. the (plural) 56. two nights 57. cents 58. the roundabout 59. a car 60. per month 61. of/from 62. at the roundabout 63. per week 64. …doesn't work 65. a reservation 66. that

67. go (directions) 68. how do I get to…? 69. a tea 70. everybody 71. a bit (of) 72. but 73. two weeks 74. a card 75. by card 76. too (much) 77. small 78. what is…? 79. the turkey 80. my 81. after 82. per person 83. it isn’t 84. yes 85. I would like 86. excuse me 87. I would like it 88. euros 89. (on the) left

90. a room 91. fantastic 92. can I? 93. a taxi 94. a television 95. the bill 96. see you soon 97. terrible 98. the hotel 99. tonight/this evening 100. the region 101. extraordinary 102. (to) make 103. a basket 104. a trolley 105. the second road 106. a bag 107. also 108. per 109. a coffee 110. a map 111. it is 112. have a good day

113. hi 114. take (direction) 115. are 116. in red 117. per day 118. more 119. a bottle of water 120. it is…o'clock 121. the exit 122. have a good evening 123. two days 124. is 125. straight on 126. isn’t 127. there 128. a carrot 129. for her 130. how much is it? 131. at/to 132. (at) quarter to… 133. I like 134. goodbye 135. where are…?

136. at the house of 137. I like it 138. (on the) right 139. at Pierre's house 140. two months 141. a month 142. very 143. turn (direction) 144. perfect 145. no 146. everything 147. tomorrow 148. (to) try 149. what time is it? 150. the first road 151. do you have it? 152. that is… 153. one night 154. the restaurant 155. bigger 156. the beach 157. aren't 158. absolutely

159. less 160. I prefer it 161. the water 162. please 163. (to) hire 164. towards 165. that 166. the breakfast 167. the dinner 168. hello 169. to have

1. grand 2. le poulet 3. à…heues et quart 4. je préfère 5. puis 6. délicieux 7. le vin 8. bonne nuit 9. la ville 10. merci 11. plus petit 12. la troisième rue 13. un jour 14. ce/cette/cet 15. où est…? 16. un poireau 17. en bois 18. une semaine 19. l'adresse de Pierre 20. avant 21. à…heures et demie 22. une bouteille de vin 23. prendre 24. l'adresse de l'hôtel 25. et 26. l'adresse du restaurant 27. le déjeuner 28. payer 29. pour lui 30. ces 31. sans 32. bon 33. à…heures 34. pour moi 35. les feux

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.

aller (à) deux personnes toujours mes avez-vous une table beau un balcon à quelle heure pour moi où bonsoir un un manteau l'adresse la nourriture ici sympa avec les deux nuits centimes le rond-point une voiture par mois de au rond-point par semaine …ne marche pas une réservation ça allez pour aller à…? un thé tout le monde un peu (de)

72. mais 73. deux semaines 74. une carte 75. par carte 76. trop 77. petit 78. quelle est…? 79. la dinde 80. mon 81. après 82. par personne 83. ce n'est pas 84. oui 85. je voudrais 86. excusez-moi 87. je le voudrais 88. euros 89. à gauche 90. une chambre 91. fantastique 92. puis-je? 93. un taxi 94. une télévision 95. l'addition 96. à bientôt 97. terrible 98. l'hôtel 99. ce soir 100. la région 101. extraordinaire 102. faire 103. un panier 104. un chariot 105. la deuxième rue 106. un sac 107. aussi

108. par 109. un café 110. un plan 111. c'est 112. bonne journée 113. salut 114. prenez 115. sont 116. en rouge 117. par jour 118. plus 119. une bouteille d'eau 120. il est…heures 121. la sortie 122. bonne soirée 123. deux jours 124. est 125. tout droit 126. n'est pas 127. là 128. une carotte 129. pour elle 130. c'est combien? 131. à 132. à…heures moins le quart 133. j'aime 134. au revoir 135. où sont…? 136. chez 137. je l'aime 138. à droite 139. chez Pierre 140. deux mois 141. un mois 142. très 143. tournez

144. parfait 145. non 146. tout 147. demain 148. essayer 149. quelle heure est-il? 150. la première rue 151. l'avez-vous? 152. ça c'est… 153. une nuit 154. le restaurant 155. plus grand 156. la plage 157. ne sont pas 158. absolument 159. moins 160. je le préfère 161. l'eau 162. s'il vous plaît 163. louer 164. vers 165. cela 166. le petit-déjeuner 167. le dîner 168. bonjour 169. avoir

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Liste des matériaux list of materials

en bois

in wood (wooden)

bois dur

hardwood

aulne alder frêne ash balsa balsa hêtre beech bouleau birch buis boxwood cerisier cherry châtaignier chestnut ébène ebony orme elm acajou mahogany érable maple chêne oak bois de rose rosewood sycomore sycamore teck teak noyer walnut

bois tendre

softwood

cèdre cedar sapin fir pin pine séquoia redwood épicéa spruce bois d’if yew

en plastique

(in) plastic

polystyrène polystyrene nylon nylon caoutchouc rubber latex latex

en metal

(in) metal

cuivre copper plomb lead nickel nickel zinc zinc galvanisé galvanised fer iron acier steel aluminium aluminium étain tin or gold platine platinum argent silver bronze bronze laiton brass inox stainless steel

textiles

textiles

laine wool coton cotton feutre felt cachemire cashmere soie silk chanvre hemp velours velvet papier paper carton cardboard satin satin toile de jute hessian acrylique acrylic nylon nylon élasthanne spandex cuir leather

LESSON 26 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I like it I prefer I prefer it that in wood I like I would like it If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s look at some travelling terminology in this lesson:

un billet It means “a ticket” You pronounce it “an(g) bee-yay”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a ticket for Paris.

I would like a ticket for Paris. Je voudrais un billet pour Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I would like two tickets.

I would like two tickets. Je voudrais deux billets.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for three tickets?

How much is it for three tickets? C’est combien pour trois billets?

How would you say this in French?

I would like two tickets for Marseille, please.

I would like two tickets for Marseille, please. Je voudrais deux billets pour Marseille, s’il vous plaît.

Here’s your next phrase:

un aller simple It means “a one-way ticket” You pronounce it “an(g) ah-lay sam-pler” It literally means “a simply going ticket”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a one-way ticket for Marseille.

I would like a one-way ticket for Marseille. Je voudrais un aller simple pour Marseille.

If you want more than one one-way ticket, you’d say:

deux allers simples It means “two one-way tickets” You pronounce it “derz ah-lay sam-pler” Notice that you put an ‘S’ on the end of both words

How would you say this in French?

I would like two one-way tickets for Paris.

I would like two one-way tickets for Paris. Je voudrais deux allers simples pour Paris.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for three one-way tickets?

How much is it for three one-way tickets? C’est combien pour trois allers simples?

How would you say this in French?

I would like four one-way tickets, please. How much is that?

I would like four one-way tickets, please. How much is that? Je voudrais quatre allers simples, s’il vous plaît. C’est combien ça?

Perhaps you’ll want to come home again, in which case, you’ll need one of these:

un aller-retour It means “a return ticket” You pronounce it “an(g) ah-lay reugh-tour” Literally, it means “a go and return ticket”

How would you say this in French?

I would like a return ticket for Paris.

I would like a return ticket for Paris. Je voudrais un aller-retour pour Paris.

How would you say this in French?

How much is a return ticket for La Rochelle?

How much is a return ticket for La Rochelle? C’est combien un aller-retour pour La Rochelle?

WORD LIST SO FAR un billet – a ticket un aller simple – a one-way ticket deux allers simples – two one-way tickets un aller-retour – a return ticket

If you want more than one return ticket, you put the letter ‘S’ on the end of both words, just like before:

deux allers-retours It means “two return tickets” You pronounce it “derz ah-lay reugh-tour”

So, how would you say this in French?

I would like two return tickets for Marseille.

I would like two return tickets for Marseille. Je voudrais deux allers-retours pour Marseille.

And, how would you say this in French?

How much is a one-way ticket for Paris?

How much is a one-way ticket for Paris? C’est combien un aller simple pour Paris?

Now, in English, we tend to say “a ticket to Paris” rather than “a ticket for Paris”. In French, however, you’d always use “for” instead of “to” in this situation, so stick with “pour”.

So, how would you say this in French?

How much is it for two return tickets for Paris?

How much is it for two return tickets for Paris? C’est combien pour deux allersretours pour Paris?

You might have also noticed that “un aller simple” doesn’t have a hyphen, whereas, “un aller-retour” does have a hyphen. Just keep that in mind. If you get it wrong, it’s not the end of the word, but it’s always nice to get it right. That being said, I have recently seen, on the Eurotunnel website, the term “un aller-simple” with a hyphen in the middle! So, even the French get it wrong from time to time.

Here’s a word that looks exactly the same as the French:

le train It means “the train” You pronounce it “ler tran(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Where is the train?

Where is the train? Où est le train?

How would you say this in French?

Where is the train for Paris?

Where is the train for Paris? Où est le train pour Paris?

How would you say this in French?

What time is the train for Marseille?

What time is the train for Marseille? À quelle heure est le train pour Marseille?

WORD LIST SO FAR un billet – a ticket un aller simple – a one-way ticket deux allers simples – two one-way tickets un aller-retour – a return ticket deux allers-retours – two return tickets le train – the train

Here’s another word whose meaning you can probably decipher without too much trouble:

le bus It means “the bus” You pronounce it “ler booss”

How would you say this in French?

Where is the bus?

Where is the bus? Où est le bus?

How would you say this in French?

Can I take the train?

Can I take the train? Puis-je prendre le train?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to take the bus.

I would like to take the bus. Je voudrais prendre le bus.

How would you say this in French?

I like the train but I prefer the bus.

I like the train but I prefer the bus. J’aime le train mais je préfère le bus.

How would you say this in French?

I like the bus but I prefer the train.

I like the bus but I prefer the train. J’aime le bus mais je préfère le train.

This is always a useful word no matter where you go:

les toilettes It means “the toilets” You pronounce it “lay twah-lett” Generally, in French, the word for “toilet” is in the plural. So, you would always say “toilettes” rather than just “toilette”. You always ask about the “toilets” rather than just the “toilet”.

How would you say this in French?

Where are the toilets?

Where are the toilets? Où sont les toilettes?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to the toilet. Remember to say “toilets”

I would like to go to the toilet. Je voudrais aller aux toilettes. Remember that à + les = aux

How would you say this in French?

Can I go to the toilet?

Can I go to the toilet? Puis-je aller aux toilettes?

WORD LIST SO FAR un billet – a ticket un aller simple – a one-way ticket deux allers simples – two one-way tickets un aller-retour – a return ticket deux allers-retours – two return tickets le train – the train le bus – the bus les toilettes – the toilet

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a return ticket for Perpignan

2.

I would like two tickets for Paris

3.

How much is it for two tickets?

4.

I would like two one-way tickets for Marseille, please

5.

Where is the train station?

6.

A one-way ticket is five euros

7.

Where are the toilets?

8.

Three one-way tickets for Brittany (In French, Brittany is Bretagne)

9.

How much is a ticket for the cathedral?

10. I would like a return ticket for Marseille, please

1.

Je voudrais un aller-retour pour Perpignan

2.

Je voudrais deux billets pour Paris

3.

C’est combien pour deux billets?

4.

Je voudrais deux allers simples pour Marseille, s’il vous plaît

5.

Où est la gare?

6.

Un aller simple est cinq euros

7.

Où sont les toilettes?

8.

Trois allers-retours pour Bretagne

9.

C’est combien un billet pour la cathédrale?

10. Je voudrais un aller-retour pour Marseille, s’il vous plaît

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Où est le train pour Paris? 2. À quelle heure est le train pour Marseille? 3. Je voudrais un aller simple pour Marseille 4. Je voudrais deux allers simples pour Paris 5. À quelle heure est le bus? 6. Je voudrais deux billets, s’il vous plaît 7. Je voudrais un billet pour Paris, s’il vous plaît 8. C’est combien un billet pour le bus? 9. Un aller-retour est huit euros 10. C’est combien pour trois billets?

1. Where is the train for Paris? 2. What time is the train for Marseille? 3. I would like a one-way ticket for Marseille 4. I would like two one-way tickets for Paris 5. What time is the bus? 6. I would like two tickets, please 7. I would like a ticket for Paris, please 8. How much is a ticket for the bus? 9. A return ticket is eight euros 10. How much is it for three tickets?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s at half past seven

2.

Where is the theme park?

3.

Take the first road on the left and then go straight on

4.

The fridge doesn’t work

5.

My car is terrible

6.

How do I get to the hospital?

7.

How do I get to the car park?

8.

My turkey is very good

9.

Can I go to the bus stop?

10. The reservation is twenty-five euros per person

1.

C’est à sept heures et demie

2.

Où est le parc d’attractions?

3.

Prenez la première rue à gauche et puis allez tout droit

4.

Le frigo ne marche pas

5.

Ma voiture est terrible

6.

Pour aller à l’hôpital?

7.

Pour aller au parking?

8.

Ma dinde est très bonne

9.

Puis-je aller à l’arrêt de bus?

10. La réservation est vingt-cinq euros par personne

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Tournez à droite après les feux 2. Je voudrais un thé pour moi et un café pour elle, s’il vous plaît 3. Oui, c’est parfait, merci 4. Ça c’est une très petite table 5. Puis-je aller à la banque? 6. La dinde est pour lui 7. Je voudrais une plus petite voiture, s’il vous plaît 8. Le petit-déjeuner n’est pas mauvais 9. Où est la clé pour ma chambre? 10. Ce n’est pas très bon

1. Turn right after the traffic lights 2. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 3. Yes, it’s perfect, thank you 4. That’s a very small table 5. Can I go to the bank? 6. The turkey is for him 7. I would like a smaller car, please 8. The breakfast isn’t bad 9. Where is the key for my room? 10. It isn’t very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. big 2. the chicken 3. beautiful 4. of/from 5. a bottle of water 6. a coffee 7. that 8. per 9. a 10. straight on 11. absolutely 12. two months 13. the second road 14. a bit (of) 15. a reservation 16. (to) hire 17. per day 18. no 19. a leek 20. these

21. the bill 22. for me 23. at the house of 24. that is… 25. also 26. (at) … o'clock 27. (at) what time 28. but 29. in red 30. and 31. the restaurant 32. per month 33. less 34. it isn’t 35. the address 36. cents 37. a car 38. per person 39. a return ticket 40. a room 41. (at) quarter past… 42. before 43. tomorrow

44. good evenig 45. the dinner 46. the food 47. a coat 48. I prefer it 49. the water 50. do you have it? 51. too (much) 52. more 53. where is…? 54. a trolley 55. isn’t 56. take (direction) 57. (to) pay 58. the turkey 59. extraordinary 60. my 61. what is…? 62. the first road 63. perfect 64. (on the) right 65. have a good evening 66. the (plural)

67. a basket 68. a bottle of wine 69. a carrot 70. at/to 71. the wine 72. here 73. everything 74. a month 75. hi 76. one night 77. how much is it? 78. a tea 79. two return tickets 80. small 81. at Pierre's house 82. a week 83. it is 84. turn (direction) 85. (at) half past… 86. nice 87. a bag 88. towards 89. I like it

90. I think 91. the town/city 92. what time is it? 93. the third road 94. after 95. I like 96. for her 97. Pierre's address 98. thank you 99. per week 100. the beach 101. goodbye 102. a ticket 103. that 104. I prefer 105. the hotel 106. where are…? 107. a card 108. a balcony 109. the roundabout 110. always 111. terrible 112. yes

113. the train 114. how do I get to…? 115. the hotel's address 116. the toilets 117. for him 118. I would like it 119. without 120. by card 121. very 122. two one-way tickets 123. …doesn't work 124. a taxi 125. two people 126. is 127. the traffic lights 128. a day 129. to have 130. where 131. the lunch 132. a table 133. everybody 134. hello 135. can I?

136. good 137. go (directions) 138. a one-way ticket 139. (on the) left 140. goodnight 141. the region 142. it is…o'clock 143. with 144. two days 145. euros 146. delicious 147. my (plural) 148. (at) quarter to… 149. fantastic 150. the restaurant's address 151. I would like 152. smaller 153. bigger 154. a television 155. the bus 156. this 157. are 158. do you have

159. in wood 160. at the roundabout 161. two weeks 162. (to) try 163. to take 164. then 165. a map 166. see you soon 167. there 168. to go (to) 169. the exit 170. the breakfast 171. please 172. have a good day 173. two nights 174. excuse me 175. tonight/this evening 176. (to) make 177. aren't

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

grand le poulet beau de une bouteille d'eau un café ça par un tout droit absolument deux mois la deuxième rue un peu (de) une réservation louer par jour non un poireau ces l'addition pour moi chez ça c'est… aussi à…heures à quelle heure mais en rouge et le restaurant par mois moins ce n'est pas l'adresse

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

centimes une voiture par personne un aller-retour une chambre à…heues et quart avant demain bonsoir le dîner la nourriture un manteau je le préfère l'eau l'avez-vous? trop plus où est…? un chariot n'est pas prenez payer la dinde extraordinaire mon quelle est…? la première rue parfait à droite bonne soirée les un panier une bouteille de vin une carotte à le vin ici

73. tout 74. un mois 75. salut 76. une nuit 77. c'est combien? 78. un thé 79. deux allers-retours 80. petit 81. chez Pierre 82. une semaine 83. c'est 84. tournez 85. à…heures et demie 86. sympa 87. un sac 88. vers 89. je l'aime 90. pour moi 91. la ville 92. quelle heure est-il? 93. la troisième rue 94. après 95. j'aime 96. pour elle 97. l'adresse de Pierre 98. merci 99. par semaine 100. la plage 101. au revoir 102. un billet 103. cela 104. je préfère 105. l'hôtel 106. où sont…? 107. une carte 108. un balcon 109. le rond-point

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146.

toujours terrible oui le train pour aller à…? l'adresse de l'hôtel les toilettes pour lui je le voudrais sans par carte très deux allers simples …ne marche pas un taxi deux personnes est les feux un jour avoir où le déjeuner une table tout le monde bonjour puis-je? bon allez un aller simple à gauche bonne nuit la région il est…heures avec deux jours euros délicieux

147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177.

mes à…heures moins le quart fantastique l'adresse du restaurant je voudrais plus petit plus grand une télévision le bus ce/cette/cet sont avez-vous en bois au rond-point deux semaines essayer prendre puis un plan à bientôt là aller (à) la sortie le petit-déjeuner s'il vous plaît bonne journée deux nuits excusez-moi ce soir faire ne sont pas

EXTRA TRANSLATIONS

LESSON 1 1. It is fantastic 2. It’s very good here 3. It’s fantastic here 4. It’s here 5. It’s absolutely fantastic 6. It isn’t very good 7. It’s absolutely fantastic here 8. It isn’t here 9. It’s very good 10. It isn’t good

1. C’est fantastique 2. C’est très bon ici 3. C’est fantastique ici 4. C’est ici 5. C’est absolument fantastique 6. Ce n’est pas très bon 7. C’est absolument fantastique ici 8. Ce n’est pas ici 9. C’est très bon 10. Ce n’est pas bon

LESSON 2 1. It’s extraordinary 2. It isn’t for me 3. It’s delicious 4. It isn’t very beautiful here 5. It’s for me 6. It isn’t delicious 7. It’s very good for me 8. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 9. I think it’s absolutely fantastic 10. It’s absolutely extraordinary here

1. C’est extraordinaire 2. Ce n’est pas pour moi 3. C’est délicieux 4. Ce n’est pas très beau ici 5. C’est pour moi 6. Ce n’est pas délicieux 7. C’est très bon pour moi 8. Pour moi, c’est absolument beau ici 9. Pour moi, c’est absolument fantastique 10. C’est absolument extraordinaire ici

LESSON 3 1. That isn’t very good for me 2. It’s very good, thank you 3. I think that is absolutely extraordinary 4. I think it’s always very good here 5. That is for me 6. That is very good 7. Yes, thank you 8. That for me, thank you 9. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 10. It’s always very beautiful here

1. Ça ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 2. C’est très bon, merci 3. Pour moi, ça c’est absolument extraordinaire 4. Pour moi, c’est toujours très bon ici 5. Ça c’est pour moi 6. Ça c’est très bon 7. Oui, merci 8. Ça pour moi, merci 9. Ce n’est pas fantastique mais c’est très bon 10. C’est toujours très beau ici

LESSON 4 1. That is for him 2. Everything is for me 3. That’s the restaurant 4. The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary 5. The restaurant is very good 6. Yes, everything is very good, thank you 7. The restaurant is here 8. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 9. It’s for her 10. I think the restaurant is fantastic

1. Ça c’est pour lui 2. Tout est pour moi 3. Ça c’est le restaurant 4. Le restaurant est absolument extraordinaire 5. Le restaurant est très bon 6. Oui, tout est très bon, merci 7. Le restaurant est ici 8. Ça ce n’est pas mauvais mais ce n’est pas parfait 9. C’est pour elle 10. Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique

LESSON 5 1. The chicken is for me 2. The turkey is very good 3. The turkey is for her 4. The chicken is absolutely delicious 5. The chicken is very good 6. The turkey is perfect 7. The chicken is perfect 8. The chicken for him 9. The turkey is delicious 10. The turkey for me

1. Le poulet est pour moi 2. La dinde est très bonne 3. La dinde est pour elle 4. Le poulet est absolument délicieux 5. Le poulet est très bon 6. La dinde est parfaite 7. Le poulet est parfait 8. Le poulet pour lui 9. La dinde est délicieuse 10. La dinde pour moi

LESSON 6 1. My chicken is terrible 2. That is my turkey 3. My chicken is here 4. Everybody is very nice 5. My chicken is very good 6. My hotel is here 7. The hotel isn’t very good 8. I think everybody is very nice 9. Everybody is here 10. My turkey is delicious

1. Mon poulet est terrible 2. Ça c’est ma dinde 3. Mon poulet est ici 4. Tout le monde est très sympa 5. Mon poulet est très bon 6. Mon hôtel est ici 7. L’hôtel n’est pas très bon 8. Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa 9. Tout le monde est ici 10. Ma dinde est délicieuse

LESSON 7 1. A tea for him 2. I would like a table for five people, please 3. The turkey for him, please 4. The chicken for me, please 5. I would like a table for four, please 6. A tea for her, please 7. A coffee for me 8. My coffee is terrible 9. A table for five people, please 10. I would like the chicken, please

1. Un thé pour lui 2. Je voudrais une table pour cinq personnes, s’il vous plaît 3. La dinde pour lui, s’il vous plaît 4. Le poulet pour moi, s’il vous plaît 5. Je voudrais une table pour quatre, s’il vous plaît 6. Un thé pour elle, s’il vous plaît 7. Un café pour moi 8. Mon café est terrible 9. Une table pour cinq personnes, s’il vous plaît 10. Je voudrais le poulet, s’il vous plaît

LESSON 8 1. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 2. The leeks are very good 3. The tea is for me and the coffee is for him 4. The food here is very good 5. My leeks are perfect 6. The turkey is delicious 7. I think the food is perfect here 8. The food is always delicious here 9. Everybody is very nice and the food is delicious 10. My turkey is perfect

1. Je voudrais un thé pour moi et un café pour elle, s’il vous plaît 2. Les poireaux sont très bons 3. Le thé est pour moi et le café est pour lui 4. La nourriture ici est très bonne 5. Mes poireaux sont parfaits 6. La dinde est délicieuse 7. Pour moi, la nourriture est parfaite ici 8. La nourriture est toujours délicieuse ici 9. Tout le monde est très sympa et la nourriture est délicieuse 10. Ma dinde est parfaite

LESSON 9 1. Good day 2. Goodbye and have a good day 3. Have a good day 4. Hi 5. Hello, I would like a table for three people, please 6. Good evening, I would like a table for two, please 7. Goodbye 8. Hi, I would like two teas and a coffee 9. Goodnight 10. Goodnight and goodbye

1. Bonjour 2. Au revoir et bonne journée 3. Bonne journée 4. Salut 5. Bonjour, je voudrais une table pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît 6. Bonsoir, je voudrais une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît 7. Au revoir 8. Salut, je voudrais deux thés et un café 9. Bonne nuit 10. Bonne nuit et au revoir

LESSON 10 1. Excuse me, how much is the wine here? 2. Excuse me, how much is the bill? 3. How much is a bottle of water? 4. Excuse me 5. How much is the chicken? 6. I would like a bottle of water, please 7. The bill is for him 8. Excuse me, I would like a coffee, please 9. Excuse me, how much is my bill? 10. I would like two bottles of wine, please

1. Excusez-moi, c’est combien le vin ici? 2. Excusez-moi, c’est combien l’addition? 3. C’est combien une bouteille d’eau? 4. Excusez-moi 5. C’est combien le poulet? 6. Je voudrais une bouteille d’eau, s’il vous plaît 7. L’addition est pour lui 8. Excusez-moi, je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît 9. Excusez-moi, c’est combien mon addition? 10. Je voudrais deux bouteilles de vin, s’il vous plaît

LESSON 11 1. May I try the wine? 2. I would like to pay for the wine, please 3. Can I pay for the coffee? 4. I would like to try the cheese 5. I would like to make a reservation here for three people, please 6. Can I pay, please? 7. I would like to pay the bill for him, please 8. Can I pay for the wine? 9. Can I try the cheese, please? 10. Can I make a reservation?

1. Puis-je essayer le vin? 2. Je voudrais payer le vin, s’il vous plaît 3. Puis-je payer les cafés? 4. Je voudrais essayer le fromage 5. Je voudrais faire une réservation ici pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît 6. Puis-je payer, s’il vous plaît? 7. Je voudrais payer l’addition pour lui, s’il vous plaît 8. Puis-je payer le vin? 9. Puis-je essayer le fromage, s’il vous plaît? 10. Puis-je faire une réservation?

LESSON 12 1. How much is it for nine days? 2. How much is it for four days? 3. I would like to hire a car 4. How much is it for one month? 5. Can I hire a car for three days, please? 6. The car is perfect 7. Can I hire a car for two weeks, please? 8. I would like to hire a car. How much is it? 9. The car is very good 10. I would like to hire two cars

1. C’est combien pour neuf jours? 2. C’est combien pour quatre jours? 3. Je voudrais louer une voiture 4. C’est combien pour un mois? 5. Puis-je louer une voiture pour trois jours, s’il vous plaît? 6. La voiture est parfaite 7. Puis-je louer une voiture pour deux semaines, s’il vous plaît? 8. Je voudrais louer une voiture. C’est combien? 9. La voiture est très bonne 10. Je voudrais louer deux voitures

LESSON 13 1. It’s fifty euros 2. It’s ten euros 3. It’s eighty one euros 4. It’s fifty-two euros 5. It’s eighty cents 6. The wine is four euros 7. It’s thirty euros per month 8. It’s ten euros per bottle 9. It’s five hundred and fifty seven euros 10. It’s ten euros per person

1. C’est cinquante euros 2. C’est dix euros 3. C’est quatre-vingt-un euros 4. C’est cinquante-deux euros 5. C’est quatre-vingts centimes 6. Le vin est quatre euros 7. C’est trente euros par mois 8. C’est dix euros par bouteille 9. C’est cinq cent cinquante-sept euros 10. C’est dix euros par personne

LESSON 14 1. My lunch is fantastic 2. The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here 3. The lunch here is extraordinary 4. The lunch here is delicious 5. What time is breakfast? 6. How much is breakfast? 7. What time is lunch? 8. The lunch here is terrible 9. My dinner is perfect 10. The dinner is always delicious here

1. Mon déjeuner est fantastique 2. Le petit-déjeuner est absolument fantastique ici 3. Le déjeuner ici est extraordinaire 4. Le déjeuner ici est délicieux 5. À quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner? 6. C’est combien le petit-déjeuner? 7. À quelle heure est le déjeuner? 8. Le déjeuner ici est terrible? 9. Mon dîner est parfait 10. Le dîner est toujours délicieux ici

LESSON 15 1. It’s quarter to ten 2. It’s half past three 3. It’s half past ten 4. It’s at half past five 5. It’s nine o’clock 6. It’s at quarter past four 7. It’s quarter to eleven 8. Dinner is at eight o’clock 9. It’s quarter to nine 10. It’s at quarter to four

1. Il est dix heures moins le quart 2. Il est trois heures et demie 3. Il est dix heures et demie 4. C’est à cinq heures et demie 5. Il est neuf heures 6. C’est à quatre heures et quart 7. Il est onze heures moins le quart 8. Le dîner est à huit heures 9. Il est neuf heures moins le quart 10. C’est à quatre heures moins le quart

LESSON 16 1. I would like a taxi at quarter past two 2. Pierre’s chicken is delicious 3. The hotel’s address is 20 Rue de Charenton 4. I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please 5. What is the soup? 6. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please 7. I would like a taxi at half past two 8. I would like a taxi for eight people at five o’clock and the address is 18 Rue de Paris 9. I would like a taxi at half past one 10. I would like a taxi at quarter to one

1. Je voudrais un taxi à deux heures et quart 2. Le poulet de Pierre est délicieux 3. L’adresse de l’hôtel est vingt Rue de Charenton 4. Je voudrais un taxi pour trois personnes à quatre heures moins le quart, s’il vous plaît 5. Quelle est la soupe? 6. Je voudrais un taxi à quatre heures, s’il vous plaît 7. Je voudrais un taxi à deux heures et demie 8. Je voudrais un taxi pour huit personnes à cinq heures et l’adresse est dix-huit Rue de Paris 9. Je voudrais un taxi à une heure et demie 10. Je voudrais un taxi à une heure moins le quart

LESSON 17 1. At Christine’s house 2. I would like to go to the beach 3. Can I go to the restaurant tonight? 4. I would like to go to Lucie’s house 5. Can I go to George’s house? 6. I would like to go at four o’clock 7. I would like to go to her house at five o’clock 8. It’s at Pierre’s house 9. What time can I go to the supermarket? 10. What time can I go to Jeanne’s house?

1. Chez Christine 2. Je voudrais aller à la plage 3. Puis-je aller au restaurant ce soir? 4. Je voudrais aller chez Lucie 5. Puis-je aller chez George? 6. Je voudrais aller à quatre heures 7. Je voudrais aller chez elle à cinq heures 8. C’est chez Pierre 9. À quelle heure puis-je aller au supermarché? 10. À quelle heure puis-je aller chez Jeanne?

LESSON 18 1. I would like a king-sized bed, please 2. I would like a room with a balcony 3. I would like a room with a bathtub, please 4. What time is breakfast tomorrow? 5. Also with a television, please 6. I would like a balcony 7. The key doesn’t work 8. How much is the breakfast? 9. The iron doesn’t work 10. Can I pay by card?

1. Je voudrais un grand lit, s’il vous plaît 2. Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon, s’il vous plaît 3. Je voudrais une chambre avec une baignoire, s’il vous plaît 4. À quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner demain? 5. Aussi, avec une télévision, s’il vous plaît 6. Je voudrais un balcon 7. La clé ne marche pas 8. C’est combien le petit-déjeuner? 9. Le fer à repasser ne marche pas 10. Puis-je payer par carte?

LESSON 19 1. May I have some milk? 2. Do you have any apples? 3. May I have some raisins? 4. May I have a room for tonight, please? 5. It’s ninety euros for two nights 6. Do you have a map of Paris? 7. Do you have a table for two people? 8. Do you have any butter? 9. Do you have any turkey? 10. Do you have any ham?

1. Puis-je prendre du lait? 2. Avez-vous des pommes? 3. Puis-je prendre des raisins secs? 4. Puis-je avoir une chambre pour ce soir, s’il vous plaît? 5. C’est quatre-vingt-dix euros pour deux nuits 6. Avez-vous un plan de Paris? 7. Avez-vous une table pour deux personnes? 8. Avez-vous du beurre? 9. Avez-vous de la dinde? 10. Avez-vous du jambon?

LESSON 20 1. I would like to go to the butcher 2. It isn’t there, it’s here 3. Can I go to the underground? 4. How do I get to the hospital? 5. Everybody is always very nice there 6. Go straight on 7. How do I get to the bus station? 8. How do I get to the chemist’s? 9. Where is the chicken? 10. It’s straight on

1. Je voudrais aller à la boucherie 2. Ce n’est pas là; c’est ici 3. Puis-je aller au métro? 4. Pour aller à l’hôpital? 5. Tout le monde est toujours très sympa là 6. Allez tout droit 7. Pour aller à la gare routière? 8. Pour aller chez le pharmacien? 9. Où est le poulet? 10. C’est tout droit

LESSON 21 1. Take the first road on the left and then the third road on the right 2. Take the second road on the right and then go straight on 3. Take the third road on the right 4. Take the second road on the left and then turn right 5. Take the third road on the right and then the first road on the left 6. Take the second road on the right and then turn left 7. Go straight on, take the third road on the left and then it’s on the right 8. Take the second road on the left and then the second road on the right 9. Turn left and it’s on the right 10. Go straight on and then turn left

1. Prenez la première rue à gauche et puis la troisième rue à droite 2. Prenez la deuxième rue à droite et puis allez tout droit 3. Prenez la troisième rue à droite 4. Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche et puis tournez à droite 5. Prenez la troisième rue à droite et puis la première rue à gauche 6. Prenez la deuxième rue à droite et puis tournez à gauche 7. Allez tout droit, prenez la troisième rue à gauche et puis c’est à droite 8. Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche et puis la deuxième rue à droite 9. Tournez à gauche et c’est à droite 10. Allez tout droit et puis tournez à gauche

LESSON 22 1. Go straight on and then take the third exit at the roundabout 2. Before the cheese, can I have a dessert? 3. Take the exit towards Marseille 4. Take the first exit at the roundabout 5. At the roundabout, take the second exit 6. After the restaurant, go straight on and then take the third road on the left 7. It’s there, towards the hotel 8. Go straight on and then take the first road on the right 9. At the roundabout, take the third exit 10. Go straight on and then take the second road on the right

1. Allez tout droit et puis prenez la troisième sortie au rondpoint 2. Avant le fromage, puis-je prendre un dessert? 3. Prenez la sortie vers Marseille 4. Prenez la première sortie au rond-point 5. Au rond-point, prenez la deuxième sortie 6. Après le restaurant, allez tout droit et puis prenez la troisième rue à gauche 7. C’est là, vers l’hôtel 8. Allez tout droit et puis prenez la première rue à droite 9. Au rond-point, prenez la troisième sortie 10. Allez tout droit et puis prenez la deuxième rue à droite

LESSON 23 1. A bit too big 2. It isn’t very big 3. How much is a small car? 4. A bit less for her 5. A bit bigger 6. A bit too small 7. That’s a big car 8. A bit more 9. A bit less for him, please 10. I would like a smaller car, please

1. Un peu trop grand 2. Ce n’est pas très grand 3. C’est combien une petite voiture? 4. Un peu moins pour elle 5. Un peu plus grand 6. Un peu trop petit 7. Ça c’est une grande voiture 8. Un peu plus 9. Un peu moins pour lui, s’il vous plaît 10. Je voudrais une plus petite voiture, s’il vous plaît

LESSON 24 1. I would like a bag 2. How much is this coat? 3. This restaurant isn’t very good 4. Can I try this coat? 5. This hotel is perfect 6. Where is the trolley? 7. It’s absolutely beautiful but it’s too red for me 8. I would like the green shirt 9. Do you have a basket? 10. I think this hotel is good

1. Je voudrais un sac 2. C’est combien ce manteau? 3. Ce restaurant n’est pas très bon 4. Puis-je essayer ce manteau? 5. Cet hôtel est parfait 6. Où est le chariot? 7. C’est absolument beau mais c’est trop rouge pour moi 8. Je voudrais la chemise verte 9. Avez-vous un panier? 10. Pour moi, cet hôtel est bon

LESSON 25 1. I like it in silver 2. I like it in plastic 3. I prefer the green coat but I like the red coat as well 4. I prefer the yellow coat 5. I like it in yellow 6. I like the red coat but I prefer the brown coat 7. I like the cheese but I prefer the wine 8. Can I have that in black? 9. I like it in dark blue but I prefer it in light blue 10. I like this restaurant

1. Je l’aime en argent 2. Je l’aime en plastique 3. Je préfère le manteau vert mais j’aime le manteau rouge aussi 4. Je préfère le manteau jaune 5. Je l’aime en jaune 6. J’aime le manteau rouge mais je préfère le manteau marron 7. J’aime le fromage mais je préfère le vin 8. Puis-je avoir cela en noir? 9. Je l’aime en bleu foncé mais je le préfère en bleu clair 10. J’aime ce restaurant

LESSON 26 1. Where is the bus station? 2. I would like two tickets, please 3. I would like a return ticket for Perpignan 4. How much is a ticket? 5. A one-way ticket is five euros 6. Three one-way tickets for Brittany 7. How much is it for two return tickets? 8. Where is the train station? 9. How much is a one-way ticket? 10. How much is a return ticket for Paris?

1. Où est la gare routière? 2. Je voudrais deux billets, s’il vous plaît 3. Je voudrais un aller-retour pour Perpignan 4. C’est combien un billet? 5. Un aller simple est cinq euros 6. Trois allers simples pour Bretagne 7. C’est combien pour deux allers-retours? 8. Où est la gare? 9. C’est combien un aller simple? 10. C’est combien un aller-retour pour Paris?

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons twenty-five and twenty-six of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons twenty-seven to twenty-nine, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare:

3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses:

French - Verbs 1 Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-3/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2puzBw1 Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 27 – 29 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 25-26”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 27 LESSON 27½ LESSON 28 LESSON 29

LESSON 27 At the end of the last book, we had a recap of all the words we’ve accumulated so far by doing some extra translations. Up until now, I’ve been giving you an enormous list at the end of each lesson of every word we’ve learnt. Well, that list is getting quite long now so I’m going to start it again. However, I’ll start this book with a recap of all the words we learnt in the last nine books. You’ll need to know these words in order to translate some of the sentences in this book.

How did you say these words in French? 1. big 2. the chicken 3. beautiful 4. of/from 5. a bottle of water 6. a coffee 7. that 8. per 9. a 10. straight on 11. absolutely 12. two months 13. the second road 14. a bit (of) 15. a reservation 16. (to) hire 17. per day 18. no 19. a leek 20. these 21. the bill 22. for me 23. at the house of 24. that is… 25. also 26. (at) … o'clock 27. (at) what time 28. but 29. in red 30. and 31. the restaurant 32. per month

33. less 34. it isn’t 35. the address 36. cents 37. a car 38. per person 39. a return ticket 40. a room 41. (at) quarter past… 42. before 43. tomorrow 44. good evening 45. the dinner 46. the food 47. a coat 48. I prefer it 49. the water 50. do you have it? 51. too (much) 52. more 53. where is…? 54. a trolley 55. isn’t 56. take (direction) 57. (to) pay 58. the turkey 59. extraordinary 60. my 61. what is…? 62. the first road 63. perfect 64. (on the) right 65. have a good evening 66. the (plural) 67. a basket 68. a bottle of wine

69. a carrot 70. at/to 71. the wine 72. here 73. everything 74. a month 75. hi 76. one night 77. how much is it? 78. a tea 79. two return tickets 80. small 81. at Pierre's house 82. a week 83. it is 84. turn (direction) 85. (at) half past… 86. nice 87. a bag 88. towards 89. I like it 90. I think 91. the town/city 92. what time is it? 93. the third road 94. after 95. I like 96. for her 97. Pierre's address 98. thank you 99. per week 100. the beach 101. goodbye 102. a ticket 103. that 104. I prefer

105. the hotel 106. where are…? 107. a card 108. a balcony 109. the roundabout 110. always 111. terrible 112. yes 113. the train 114. how do I get to…? 115. the hotel's address 116. the toilets 117. for him 118. I would like it 119. without 120. by card 121. very 122. two one-way tickets 123. …doesn't work 124. a taxi 125. two people 126. is 127. the traffic lights 128. a day 129. to have 130. where 131. the lunch 132. a table 133. everybody 134. hello 135. can I? 136. good 137. go (directions) 138. a one-way ticket 139. (on the) left 140. goodnight

141. the region 142. it is…o'clock 143. with 144. two days 145. euros 146. delicious 147. my (plural) 148. (at) quarter to… 149. fantastic 150. the restaurant's address 151. I would like 152. smaller 153. bigger 154. a television 155. the bus 156. this 157. are 158. do you have 159. in wood 160. at the roundabout 161. two weeks 162. (to) try 163. to take 164. then 165. a map 166. see you soon 167. there 168. to go (to) 169. the exit 170. the breakfast 171. please 172. have a good day 173. two nights 174. excuse me 175. tonight/this evening 176. (to) make

177. aren't

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

grand le poulet beau de une bouteille d'eau un café ça par un tout droit absolument deux mois la deuxième rue un peu (de) une réservation louer par jour non un poireau ces l'addition pour moi chez ça c'est… aussi à…heures à quelle heure mais en rouge et le restaurant par mois moins ce n'est pas l'adresse

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

centimes une voiture par personne un aller-retour une chambre à…heues et quart avant demain bonsoir le dîner la nourriture un manteau je le préfère l'eau l'avez-vous? trop plus où est…? un chariot n'est pas prenez payer la dinde extraordinaire mon quelle est…? la première rue parfait à droite bonne soirée les un panier une bouteille de vin une carotte à le vin ici

73. tout 74. un mois 75. salut 76. une nuit 77. c'est combien? 78. un thé 79. deux allers-retours 80. petit 81. chez Pierre 82. une semaine 83. c'est 84. tournez 85. à…heures et demie 86. sympa 87. un sac 88. vers 89. je l'aime 90. pour moi 91. la ville 92. quelle heure est-il? 93. la troisième rue 94. après 95. j'aime 96. pour elle 97. l'adresse de Pierre 98. merci 99. par semaine 100. la plage 101. au revoir 102. un billet 103. cela 104. je préfère 105. l'hôtel 106. où sont…? 107. une carte 108. un balcon 109. le rond-point

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146.

toujours terrible oui le train pour aller à…? l'adresse de l'hôtel les toilettes pour lui je le voudrais sans par carte très deux allers simples …ne marche pas un taxi deux personnes est les feux un jour avoir où le déjeuner une table tout le monde bonjour puis-je? bon allez un aller simple à gauche bonne nuit la région il est…heures avec deux jours euros délicieux

147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177.

mes à…heures moins le quart fantastique l'adresse du restaurant je voudrais plus petit plus grand une télévision le bus ce/cette/cet sont avez-vous en bois au rond-point deux semaines essayer prendre puis un plan à bientôt là aller (à) la sortie le petit-déjeuner s'il vous plaît bonne journée deux nuits excusez-moi ce soir faire ne sont pas

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson, and for this book:

allez-vous It means “are you going” You pronounce it “ah-lay voo”

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going?

Where are you going? Où allez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to Paris?

Are you going to Paris? Allez-vous à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to Paris?

What time are you going to Paris? À quelle heure allez-vous à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to have dinner?

Where are you going to have dinner? Où allez-vous prendre le dîner?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to make a reservation?

Are you going to make a reservation? Allez-vous faire une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to hire a car?

Are you going to hire a car? Allez-vous louer une voiture?

Here’s a nice question word in French:

comment It means “how” You pronounce it “koh-mon(g)”

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to Paris?

How are you going to Paris? Comment allez-vous à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to pay?

How are you going to pay? Comment allez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to pay the bill?

How are you going to pay the bill? Comment allez-vous payer l’addition?

WORD LIST SO FAR allez-vous –are you going comment – how

How would you say this in French?

How are you going?

How are you going? Comment allez-vous?

Comment allez-vous? You’ll hear, “Comment allez-vous?” quite a lot in French speaking countries. That’s because it’s the way they ask, “How are you?”. So, whenever you meet someone, you can say to them:

Bonjour, comment allez-vous? Hello, how are you?

Here’s your next word in French:

bien It means “fine” or “well” You pronounce it “bee-an(g)”

Comment allez-vous? The word “bien” is what you can use to answer the question, “Comment allez-vous?”. You can imagine a mini conversation that you could use whenever you meet somebody.

- Bonjour, comment allez-vous? (Hello, how are you?) - Bien, merci, très bien, et vous? (Well, thanks, very well, and you?) - Oui, très bien, aussi, merci (Yes, very well, as well, thank you)

This is a nice little phrase that is related to “allez-vous”:

je vais It means “I’m going” You pronounce it “jsher vay”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to Paris tomorrow.

I’m going to Paris tomorrow. Je vais à Paris demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to make a reservation.

I’m going to make a reservation. Je vais faire une réservation.

I’m going to the future The phrase “je vais” is a good way of talking about the future in French. What you can do is take “je vais” and put any verb on the end of it to say what it is you’re going to do.

Je vais payer I’m going to pay Je vais faire le dîner I’m going to make dinner Je vais aller à la plage I’m going to go to the beach

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to hire a car.

I’m going to hire a car. Je vais louer une voiture.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to pay for the wine.

I’m going to pay for the wine. Je vais payer le vin.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to have a tea.

I’m going to have a tea. Je vais prendre un thé.

If we make the phrase negative, we get:

je ne vais pas It means “I’m not going” You pronounce it “jsher ner vay pah”

WORD LIST SO FAR allez-vous –are you going comment – how comment allez-vous? – how are you? bien – fine je vais – I’m going je ne vais pas – I’m not going

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to Paris.

I’m not going to Paris. Je ne vais pas à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to make a reservation.

I’m not going to make a reservation. Je ne vais pas faire une réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to hire a car.

I’m not going to hire a car. Je ne vais pas louer une voiture.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to pay for the wine.

I’m not going to pay for the wine. Je ne vais pas payer le vin.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to have a tea; I’m going to have a coffee.

I’m not going to have a tea; I’m going to have a coffee. Je ne vais pas prendre un thé; je vais prendre un café.

Je vais bien When you get asked the question, “Comment allez-vous?” (How are you?), as I’ve said, you can just answer with “bien” (fine). However, if you want to add a little pizazz to your language, you can now say, “je vais bien”. This literally means, “I’m going fine”, which we don’t say in English but the French say it all the time. It’s very similar to the English phrase, “I’m doing well.”

- Comment allez-vous? (How are you?) - Je vais bien, merci, je vais très bien, et vous? (I’m doing well, thanks, I’m doing very well, and you?) - Oui, je vais bien (Yes, I’m doing well)

→ Installing a motor ← When somebody asks you a question like "How are you?" in English, how do you answer? Generally, people have a response that comes out automatically whenever they're asked questions that they get asked a lot. I know if I get asked how I am, I usually say "Yes, I'm good thanks, how are you?". I don't think about it, it just comes out. This is because my response to this question has become a reflex. Similiarly, if somebody asks me in French "Comment allez-vous?", without thinking I automatically say "Très bien merci, et vous?". The words just come out of my mouth. This is because I've said them so often they've become a "reflex". A reflex is something that happens quickly and automatically. They happen all over the body, for example if you put your hand on something really hot, you don't leave it there and go "Ouch, that really burns" and slowly take your hand off. No, what happens is you don't even think about what to do, your body just pulls the hand off automatically.

In languages, I call these reflexes "motors". That's because they help you to speed along with your language learning and the more motors you install in your brain, the more quickly you will be communicating easily in French. Installing a motor is easy! The hardest part is just deciding what your motor is going to look like. In this lesson we're going to make two small motors that you can use every day in French.

The first one is the "Hello, how are you?" motor. There are a couple of ways you can now ask this in French:

1. Bonjour, comment allez-vous? (literally - hello, how are you going)

2. Bonjour, allez-vous bien? (literally - hello, are you going well) The first one is used more often but the second one is just as good. So, pick the one that you prefer. Now, to install the motor, what you have to do is repeat it to yourself again and again and again and again. Imagine yourself in situations where you could use it and say it out loud to yourself. When you walk into a restaurant you can say "Bonjour, comment allez-vous?". When you go into a hotel you can say "Bonjour, comment allez-vous?". When you go into a shop - "Bonjour, comment allez-vous?". Even when you pass somebody when you're out on a walk in the park "Bonjour, comment allez-vous?"

So, that's your first motor:

Bonjour, comment allez-vous? Your second motor is going to be your response to this question. Again, there are numerous ways you could do this: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Oui, je vais bien merci, et vous? Je vais bien, et vous? Bien, et vous? Bien, merci, et vous? Oui, je vais très bien merci, et vous? Je vais très bien, et vous? Très bien, et vous? Très bien, merci, et vous?

So, pick your favourite and install it. Say it again and again. Every time somebody asks you how you are, say it. Very quickly, it will become so ingrained in your brain that you won't have to think about how to say it, it'll just come out!

So, here's your second motor:

Très bien, merci, et vous? Remember, however, that if you ask somebody how they are and then they ask you back, you don't then say "and you?" on the end of your response. Or else you could be in an endless spiral of "and yous". Therefore, the second motor can have the end bit put into brackets. It's there for if somebody else asks you first.

Très bien, merci, (et vous?)

Don't worry, though, if you do say "and you?" and you were the one who asked in the first place. This can happen even in English. I know many a times when I've been in the awkward "and you" situation: - Hi, how are you? - Fine thanks, how are you? - Yes, I'm well thanks, are you? - Erm, yes I'm fine (...you already asked me that I think) People make mistakes, and sometimes, a mistake in a foreign language can be an ice breaker. It can be endearing and it can make somebody want to talk to you more. But anyway, install these two motors by saying them to yourself again and again and then when you're travelling through a francophone (French speaking) country you can whip them out and speak like the natives do.

WORD LIST SO FAR allez-vous –are you going comment – how bien – fine / well je vais – I’m going je ne vais pas – I’m not going comment allez-vous? – How are you? je vais bien – I’m doing well FIRST TWO MOTORS Bonjour, comment allez-vous? Hello, how are you? Très bien, merci, (et vous?) Very well, thank you, (and you?)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Where are you going?

2.

I’m going to Marseille

3.

Where are you going to hire a car?

4.

I’m going to try the wine

5.

I’m not going to hire a car there

6.

I’m going to have dinner at the restaurant

7.

Where are you going to have dinner?

8.

I’m going to have a croissant

9.

What time are you going to have lunch?

10. I’m going to take a taxi

1.

Où allez-vous?

2.

Je vais à Marseille

3.

Où allez-vous louer une voiture?

4.

Je vais essayer le vin

5.

Je ne vais pas louer une voiture là

6.

Je vais prendre le dîner au restaurant

7.

Où allez-vous prendre le dîner?

8.

Je vais prendre un croissant

9.

À quelle heure allez-vous prendre le déjeuner?

10. Je vais prendre un taxi

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

Je vais à Paris pour une semaine

2.

Je vais faire une réservation pour cinq personnes

3.

Je vais essayer un peu

4.

À quelle heure allez-vous à l’hôtel?

5.

Allez-vous aux toilettes?

6.

Je ne vais pas chez Pierre demain

7.

Je vais à la plage

8.

Allez-vous essayer le vin?

9.

Je vais prendre le petit-déjeuner à sept heures

10. Comment allez-vous?

1.

I’m going to Paris for one week

2.

I’m going to make a reservation for five people

3.

I’m going to try a bit

4.

What time are you going to the hotel?

5.

Are you going to the toilet?

6.

I’m not going to Pierre’s house tomorrow

7.

I’m going to the beach

8.

Are you going to try the wine?

9.

I’m going to have breakfast at seven o’clock

10. How are you?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Take the second road on the left and then the third road on the right

2.

The iron doesn’t work

3.

The chemist’s is straight on

4.

The key doesn’t work

5.

I think it’s always very good here

6.

I would like a bigger car, please

7.

My leeks are perfect

8.

Can I have two bags, please?

9.

The lunch is perfect

10. It’s good here

1.

Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche et puis la troisième rue à droite

2.

Le fer à repasser ne marche pas

3.

La pharmacie est tout droit

4.

La clé ne marche pas

5.

Pour moi, c’est toujours très bon ici

6.

Je voudrais une plus grande voiture, s’il vous plaît

7.

Mes poireaux sont parfaits

8.

Puis-je avoir deux sacs, s’il vous plaît ?

9.

Le déjeuner est parfait

10. C’est bon ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. C’est combien pour sept jours? 2. Avez-vous un plan? 3. Puis-je aller à l’aéroport? 4. Je voudrais cette ceinture en gris foncé 5. C’est toujours fantastique ici 6. C’est cinquante et un euros 7. Pour aller à l’université? 8. Prenez la sortie vers Aix-en-Provence et puis allez tout droit 9. Je voudrais aller à la boulangerie demain 10. Puis-je avoir une chambre pour ce soir, s’il vous plaît?

1. How much is it for seven days? 2. Do you have a map? 3. Can I go to the airport? 4. I would like this belt in dark grey 5. It’s always fantastic here 6. It’s fifty one euros 7. How do I get to the university? 8. Take the exit towards Aix-en-Provence and then go straight on 9. I would like to go to the bakery tomorrow 10. May I have a room for tonight, please?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Are you going? How Fine / well I’m going I’m not going How are you? I’m doing well

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Allez-vous? Comment Bien Je vais Je ne vais pas Comment allez-vous? Je vais bien

LESSON 27½ I thought I would add a little bit extra to the previous lesson. This is because there is more than one way to ask, “How are you?”, in French. Previously, we learnt this question and answer.

“Comment allez-vous?” “Je vais bien, merci” But this isn’t the only way…

Here’s an expression you’ll hear a lot:

ça va? It means “How are you?” You pronounce it “sah vah” “Ça va?” literally means “It’s going”, so it’s sort of similar to the English question, “How’s it going?”

How are you? As I said, there are numerous ways to ask, “How are you?”, in French. Here are a few ways to ask, “How are you?”. Pick your favourite and install it as a motor by saying it again and again.

- Comment allez-vous? (How are you?) - Allez-vous bien? (Are you well?) - Ça va? (Is it alright? / Are things alright?) - Comment ça va? (How is it going? / How are things?) - Ça va bien? (Is it going well?) - Tout va bien? (Is everything going well?)

I’m fine, thanks Here are some different ways to answer the questions on the last page.

- Bien (Fine) - Je vais bien (I’m doing well) - Ça va (Things are going fine) - Ça va bien (Things are going well) - Pas mal (Not bad) - Ça va mal (Things are going badly) - Ça ne va pas bien (Things aren’t going well)

Ça va? As I said, you’ll hear this expression a lot. Literally, it means “it goes” but it’s used to ask how things are. Another useful thing about “ça va?” is that you can put it in front of things to ask how they are, too.

- Ça va Pierre? (How’s Pierre?) - Ça va le poulet? (How’s the chicken?) - Ça va les carottes? (How are the carrots?)

Goodbye Now, there are also numerous ways to say “goodbye” to somebody in French.

- Au revoir (Goodbye) - Salut (Bye) - Adieu (Farewell) - À bientôt (see you soon)

If you put “à” in front of any time expression, it can mean, “see you… (whenever)”.

- À plus tard (See you later) - À lundi (See you on Monday) - À ce soir (See you tonight) - À demain (See you tomorrow) - À la prochaine (See you next time) - À tout à l’heure (See you shortly)

So, write all of the expressions from this half lesson down, and use them as and when you feel confident enough. You might just pick one way of saying, “How are you?”, one way to say, “Hello”, and one way to say, “Goodbye”, but if you learn all the expressions, at least you’ll know what everybody else is saying around you.

LESSON 28 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? are you going? how well I’m going I’m not going How are you? I’m fine If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful phrase in French:

je suis It means “I am” You pronounce it “jsher swee”

How would you say this in French?

I am here tomorrow.

I am here tomorrow. Je suis ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

I am Pierre.

I am Pierre. Je suis Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I am Marie.

I am Marie. Je suis Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Hello, I am Pierre and I’d like a table for two, please.

Hello, I am Pierre and I’d like a table for two, please. Bonjour, je suis Pierre et je voudrais une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît.

Here’s your next phrase in French:

êtes-vous It means “are you” You pronounce it “ett voo”

How would you say this in French?

Where are you?

Where are you? Où êtes-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you Marie?

Are you Marie? Êtes-vous Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Are you Pierre?

Are you Pierre? Êtes-vous Pierre?

Comment êtes-vous? Remember, last lesson I told you that “Comment allez-vous?” means “How are you?”. You might be thinking the question in the title of this page, “Comment êtesvous?” means, “How are you?”, too. Well, word for word, yes it does. However, you would never use it to ask how somebody is feeling. “Comment êtes-vous?” is used to ask somebody, “What do you look like?” (literally – how (in terms of eye colour, hair colour, personality) are you?). So, just remember that when you’re asking somebody how they’re feeling, use: “Comment allez-vous?”.

- Comment allez-vous? (How are you feeling?) - Comment êtes-vous? (What do you look like?)

This is a nice little word:

occupé It means “busy” You pronounce it “oh-koo-pay”

How would you say this in French?

I am busy.

I am busy. Je suis occupé.

How would you say this in French?

I am very busy.

I am very busy. Je suis très occupé.

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis – I am êtes-vous? – are you? occupé – busy

How would you say this in French?

I am too busy.

I am too busy. Je suis trop occupé.

How would you say this in French?

I am busy tomorrow.

I am busy tomorrow. Je suis occupé demain.

How would you say this in French?

Are you busy?

Are you busy? Êtes-vous occupé?

How would you say this in French?

It’s busy.

It’s busy. C’est occupé.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t very busy.

It isn’t very busy. Ce n’est pas très occupé.

How would you say this in French?

It’s always busy here.

It’s always busy here. C’est toujours occupé ici.

How would you say this in French?

I am too busy tomorrow.

I am too busy tomorrow. Je suis trop occupé demain.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is busy tomorrow.

Pierre is busy tomorrow. Pierre est occupé demain.

Here’s a word that looks similar to “fatigued” in English:

fatigué It means “tired” You pronounce it “fah-tee-gay”

How would you say this in French?

I am very tired.

I am very tired. Je suis très fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

Are you tired?

Are you tired? Êtes-vous fatigué?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is too tired.

Pierre is too tired. Pierre est trop fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

I am always tired.

I’m always tired. Je suis toujours fatigué.

Here’s your next word in French:

pressé It means “in a hurry” (almost like “pressed” for time) You pronounce it “press-say”

How would you say this in French?

I’m in a hurry.

I’m in a hurry. Je suis pressé.

How would you say this in French?

Are you in a hurry?

Are you in a hurry? Êtes-vous pressé?

Now, we’ve had “I am” and “are you”, well, here’s the next phrase:

il est It means “he is” You pronounce it “eel ay” (We’ve also seen this word when we were discussing telling the time in French, where it can mean “it is”, e.g. il est trois heures = it is three o’clock)

How would you say this in French?

He is here tomorrow.

He is here tomorrow. Il est ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

He is too busy.

He is too busy. Il est trop occupé.

How would you say this in French?

He is there.

He is there. Il est là.

And this phrase goes well with "he is":

elle est It means “she is” You pronounce it “ell ay”

How would you say this in French?

She is here tomorrow.

She is here tomorrow. Elle est ici demain.

How would you say this?

She is there.

She is there. Elle est là.

Feminine adjectives In this lesson, you’ve learnt a few more adjectives. However, if you want to say something like, “she is busy”, you’ll need to know the feminine version of the adjective ‘occupé’. Well, below are the feminine versions of this lesson’s adjectives:

occupé - occupée busy (masculine - feminine)

fatigué - fatiguée tired (masculine - feminine)

pressé - pressée in a hurry (masculine - feminine) You’ll notice a similarity between the feminine versions of these adjectives. They all just add an ‘e’. With any adjective that ends in an –é (like occupé and fatigué), you just add an extra ‘e’ to make it feminine. Easy!

How would you say this in French?

He is busy.

He is busy. Il est occupé.

How would you say this in French?

She is busy.

She is busy. Elle est occupée.

How would you say this in French?

He is tired.

He is tired. Il est fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

She is tired.

She is tired. Elle est fatiguée.

How would you say this in French?

He is in a hurry.

He is in a hurry. Il est pressé.

How would you say this in French?

She is in a hurry.

She is in a hurry. Elle est pressée.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is busy.

Pierre is busy. Pierre est occupé.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is busy.

Marie is busy. Marie est occupée.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is tired.

Pierre is tired. Pierre est fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is tired.

Marie is tired. Marie est fatiguée.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is in a hurry.

Pierre is in a hurry. Pierre est pressé.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is in a hurry.

Marie is in a hurry. Marie est pressée.

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis – I am êtes-vous ? – are you? occupé – busy occupée – busy (feminine) fatigué – tired fatiguée – tired (feminine) pressé – in a hurry pressée – in a hurry (feminine) il est – he is elle est – she is

Here is the opposite of “je suis":

je ne suis pas It means “I’m not” You pronounce it “jsher ner swee pah”

How would you say this in French?

I’m not here tomorrow.

I’m not here tomorrow. Je ne suis pas ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not Pierre.

I’m not Pierre. Je ne suis pas Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not busy.

I’m not busy. Je ne suis pas occupé.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not tired.

I’m not tired. Je ne suis pas fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not in a hurry.

I’m not in a hurry. Je ne suis pas pressé.

Feminine adjectives If you’re female and you’re saying all the sentences we’ve just had, make sure you remember to use the feminine versions of the adjectives:

je ne suis pas fatiguée I’m not tired (feminine) However, in speaking, it’s not so vital because all the adjectives we’ve had in this lesson (occupé, fatigue and pressé) sound exactly the same in both the masculine and feminine forms. It’s only the written adjective that looks different.

Well, here is the opposite of “il est":

il n’est pas It means “he isn’t” You pronounce it “eel nay pah”

And here is the opposite of “elle est":

elle n’est pas It means “she isn’t” You pronounce it “ell nay pah”

So, how would you say this in French?

He isn’t here tomorrow.

He isn’t here tomorrow. Il n’est pas ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

She isn’t Marie.

She isn’t Marie. Elle n’est pas Marie.

How would you say this in French?

She isn’t tired.

She isn’t tired. Elle n’est pas fatiguée.

How would you say this in French?

She is very tired.

She is very tired. Elle est très fatiguée.

How would you say this in French?

She’s not in a hurry.

She’s not in a hurry. Elle n’est pas pressée.

How would you say this in French?

He isn’t busy.

He isn’t busy. Il n’est pas occupé.

If we switch round the words in “il est” and join them with a hyphen, we get a question:

est-il It means “is he” You pronounce it “ett-eel”

You can do the same thing with “elle est":

est-elle It means “is she” You pronounce it “ett-ell”

How would you say this in French?

Is he busy?

Is he busy? Est-il occupé?

How would you say this in French?

Is she tired?

Is she tired? Est-elle fatiguée?

How would you say this in French?

Is he Pierre?

Is he Pierre? Est-il Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Is he in a hurry?

Is he in a hurry? Est-il pressé?

How would you say this in French?

Is she there?

Is she there? Est-elle là?

How would you say this in French?

Is he here tomorrow?

Is he here tomorrow? Est-il ici demain?

How would you say this in French?

Is she busy?

Is she busy? Est-elle occupée?

How would you say this in French?

Where is he?

Where is he? Où est-il?

How would you say this in French?

Where is she?

Where is she? Où est-elle?

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis – I am êtes-vous ? – are you? occupé – busy occupée – busy (feminine) fatigué – tired fatiguée – tired (feminine) pressé – in a hurry pressée – in a hurry (feminine) il est – he is elle est – she is je ne suis pas – I’m not il n’est pas – he isn’t elle n’est pas – she isn’t est-il? – is he? est-elle? – is she?

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I’m here tomorrow

2.

She is at the hotel

3.

I’m at the hotel

4.

I’m very tired

5.

He’s at the restaurant

6.

He is too tired

7.

Is she very busy tomorrow?

8.

He isn’t tired but he’s in a hurry

9.

I’m not going to the restaurant tonight; I’m too busy

10. Where is he?

1.

Je suis ici demain

2.

Elle est à l’hôtel

3.

Je suis à l’hôtel

4.

Je suis très fatigué

5.

Il est au restaurant

6.

Il est trop fatigué

7.

Est-elle très occupée demain?

8.

Il n’est pas fatigué mais il est pressé

9.

Je ne vais pas au restaurant ce soir; je suis trop occupé

10. Où est-il?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Où est Marie? 2. C’est très bon au restaurant mais je suis trop fatigué 3. Il est plus occupé 4. Est-il très occupé demain? 5. Êtes-vous à la plage? 6. Je ne suis pas fatigué 7. À quelle heure êtes-vous ici demain? 8. Je ne suis pas ici 9. Elle n’est pas là 10. Non, je ne suis pas fatigué mais je suis très occupé

1. Where is Marie? 2. It’s very good at the restaurant but I’m too tired 3. He is busier 4. Is he very busy today? 5. Are you at the beach? 6. I’m not tired 7. What time are you here tomorrow? 8. I’m not here 9. She isn’t there 10. No, I’m not tired but I’m very busy

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like to hire a small car for two people, please

2.

It’s for her

3.

How much is a table for three people?

4.

That is too small for me

5.

Can I have a room for two people for three nights, please?

6.

I would like to make a reservation here for three people, please

7.

I would like to go at quarter to three

8.

I think it’s absolutely fantastic

9.

I’m not going to have dinner at the restaurant this evening

10. Are you going to have a glass of wine?

1.

Je voudrais louer une petite voiture pour deux personnes, s’il vous plaît

2.

C’est pour elle

3.

C’est combien une table pour trois personnes?

4.

Ça c’est trop petit pour moi

5.

Puis-je avoir une chambre pour deux personnes pour trois nuits, s’il vous plaît?

6.

Je voudrais faire une réservation ici pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît

7.

Je voudrais aller à trois heures moins le quart

8.

Pour moi, c’est absolument fantastique

9.

Je ne vais pas prendre le dîner au restaurant ce soir

10. Allez-vous prendre un verre de vin ?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. À quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner demain? 2. Mon déjeuner est absolument parfait 3. Comment allez-vous? 4. Puis-je aller à l’aéroport? 5. Prenez la première rue à gauche 6. C’est combien pour trois nuits? 7. C’est très beau 8. Je voudrais aller à la boulangerie 9. Il est dix heures et quart 10. Je vais prendre du vin

1. What time is breakfast tomorrow? 2. My lunch is absolutely perfect 3. How are you? 4. Can I go to the airport? 5. Take the first road on the left 6. How much is it for three nights? 7. It’s very beautiful 8. I would like to go to the bakery 9. It’s quarter past ten 10. I’m going to have some wine

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

busy how are you? how he is I am tired she isn't in a hurry she is I’m doing well are you? I’m not going is she? is he? he isn't fine / well I’m going are you going? 19. I'm not

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

occupé comment allez-vous? comment il est Je suis fatigué elle n'est pas pressé elle est je vais bien êtes-vous? je ne vais pas est-elle? est-il? il n'est pas bien je vais allez-vous? je ne suis pas

LESSON 29 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I am I’m not are you? busy tired in a hurry he is / she is he isn’t / she isn’t is he? / is she? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

monsieur It means “Mr” You pronounce it “mur-syur”

How would you say this in French?

Hello, I’m Mr Depardieu.

Hello, I’m Mr Depardieu. Bonjour, je suis monsieur Depardieu.

How would you say this in French?

Where is Mr Dupont?

Where is Mr Dupont? Où est monsieur Dupont?

How would you say this in French?

Are you Mr Blanc?

Are you Mr Blanc? Êtes-vous monsieur Blanc?

Sticking with the same theme, here’s your next word:

madame It means “Mrs” You pronounce it “mah-dam”

How would you say this in French?

Is she Mrs Sport?

Is she Mrs Sport? Est-elle madame Sport?

How would you say this in French?

Where is Mrs Petit?

Where is Mrs Petit? Où est madame Petit?

How would you say this in French?

Hello, I’m Mrs Moreau.

Hello, I’m Mrs Moreau. Bonjour, je suis madame Moreau.

And then here’s the last word for this trio of honorifics:

mademoiselle It means “Miss” You pronounce it “man-mwah-zell”

How would you say this in French?

I’m not Miss Dubois.

I’m not Miss Dubois. Je ne suis pas mademoiselle Dubois.

How would you say this in French?

Are you Miss Bernard?

Are you Miss Bernard? Êtes-vous mademoiselle Bernard?

WORD LIST SO FAR monsieur – Mr madame – Mrs mademoiselle – Miss

How would you say this in French?

She is Miss Thomas.

She is Miss Thomas. Elle est mademoiselle Thomas.

Honorific abbreviations In English, you rarely ever write the full word for Mister, and it’s the same in French. For example, instead of writing “Monsieur Depardieu”, you’ll tend to just write, “M. Depardieu”. Below are the abbreviations for the three honorifics we’ve learnt in this lesson.

Monsieur – M. (Mr) Madame – Mme (Mrs) Mademoiselle – Mlle. (Miss)

How would you say this in French?

I’m Mr Dupont.

I’m Mr Dupont Je suis M. Dupont.

How would you say this in French?

I’m Mrs Dupont.

I’m Mrs Dupont Je suis Mme Dupont.

How would you say this in French?

I’m Miss Dupont.

I’m Miss Dupont Je suis Mlle Dupont.

Here’s a useful phrase in French:

je m’appelle It means “I’m called” or “my name is” You pronounce it “jsher mah-pell”

How would you say this in French?

I’m called Mr Blanc.

I’m called Mr Blanc. Je m’appelle M. Blanc.

How would you say this in French?

I’m called Mrs Petit.

I’m called Mrs Petit. Je m’appelle Mme. Petit.

WORD LIST SO FAR monsieur (M.) – Mr madame (Mme.) – Mrs mademoiselle (Mlle) – Miss

How would you say this in French?

I’m called Miss Dubois.

I’m called Miss Dubois. Je m’appelle Mlle. Dubois.

How would you say this in French?

I’m called Mr Noir.

I’m called Mr Noir. Je m’appelle M. Noir.

How would you say this in French?

I’m called Mrs Grand.

I’m called Mrs Grand. Je m’appelle Mme. Grand.

How would you say this in French?

I’m called Miss Sport.

I’m called Miss Sport. Je m’appelle Mlle. Sport.

WORD LIST SO FAR monsieur (M.) – Mr madame (Mme.) – Mrs mademoiselle (Mlle) – Miss je m’appelle – I’m called

Here’s your final word for this lesson:

j’ai It means “I have” You pronounce it “jshay”

How would you say this in French?

I have a reservation.

I have a reservation. J’ai une réservation.

How would you say this in French?

Hello, I’m Mrs Depardieu and I have a reservation.

Hello, I’m Mrs Depardieu and I have a reservation. Bonjour, je suis Mme Depardieu et j’ai une réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I have a ticket for Paris.

I have a ticket for Paris. J’ai un billet pour Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I have a car.

I have a car. J’ai une voiture.

WORD LIST SO FAR monsieur (M.) – Mr madame (Mme.) – Mrs mademoiselle (Mlle) – Miss je m’appelle – I’m called j’ai – I have

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Good evening, I’m Mr Dupont and I’d like a table for three people at 8 O’Clock tonight, please

2.

Are you Mrs Sport?

3.

I have a reservation for four people and I’m Miss Vert

4.

I have a map of La Rochelle but I would like a map of Perpignan

5.

I’m called Mr Descartes

6.

I’m not Mrs Vert; I’m called Mrs Noir

7.

I have a reservation for tomorrow

8.

Hello, I’m called Pierre

9.

Hello, I’m Marie and I have a reservation for two

10. Where is Mrs Gaultier?

1.

Bonsoir, je suis monsieur Dupont et je voudrais une table pour trois personnes à huit heures ce soir, s’il vous plaît

2.

Êtes-vous madame Sport?

3.

J’ai une réservation pour quatre personnes et je suis mademoiselle Vert

4.

J’ai un plan de La Rochelle mais je voudrais un plan de Perpignan

5.

Je m’appelle monsieur Descartes

6.

Je ne suis pas madame Vert ; je m’appelle madame Noir

7.

J’ai une réservation pour demain

8.

Bonjour, je m’appelle Pierre

9.

Bonjour, je suis Marie et j’ai une réservation pour deux

10. Où est madame Gaultier?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Êtes-vous madame Boulot? 2. Non, je ne suis pas madame Boulot ; je suis madame Rouge 3. Mme et M. Descartes 4. Bonjour monsieur Depardieu, comment allez-vous? 5. Allez-vous bien madame Rose? 6. Est-il monsieur Blanc? 7. Non, il n’est pas monsieur Blanc ; il est monsieur Vert 8. J’ai une voiture ici 9. J’ai une télévision mais ça ne marche pas 10. J’ai un aller simple mais je voudrais un aller-retour

1. Are you Mrs Boulot? 2. No, I’m not Mrs Boulot; I’m Mrs Rouge 3. Mrs and Mr Descartes 4. Hello Mr Depardieu, how are you? 5. Are you doing OK Mrs Rose? 6. Is he Mr Blanc? 7. No, he isn’t Mr Blanc; he’s Mr Vert 8. I have a car here 9. I have a television but it doesn’t work 10. I have a one-way ticket but I would like a return ticket

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Take the second road on the left and then the first road on the right

2.

Are you going to take the taxi with me?

3.

I’m going there tomorrow

4.

I’m Pierre

5.

Can I have that in green?

6.

I would like to go to his house tomorrow

7.

It’s too small for me

8.

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here?

9.

I would like a ticket for Paris, please

10. My tea is absolutely terrible

1.

Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche et puis la première rue à droite

2.

Allez-vous prendre le taxi avec moi

3.

Je vais là demain

4.

Je suis Pierre

5.

Puis-je avoir cela en vert?

6.

Je voudrais aller chez lui demain

7.

C’est trop petit pour moi

8.

Excusez-moi, c’est combien une bouteille de vin ici?

9.

Je voudrais un billet pour Paris, s’il vous plaît

10. Mon thé est absolument terrible

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon 2. Ça c’est une petite voiture 3. Êtes-vous occupé? 4. Ça c’est délicieux mais ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 5. Je voudrais le poulet mais sans les oignons, s’il vous plaît 6. Excusez-moi, la télévision ne marche pas 7. Pour moi, c’est absolument beau ici 8. Pas pour moi, merci 9. La voiture est vingt euros par jour 10. Êtes-vous très fatigué?

1. I would like a room with a balcony 2. That’s a small car 3. Are you busy? 4. That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me 5. I would like the chicken but without the onions, please 6. Excuse me, the television doesn’t work 7. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 8. Not for me, thank you 9. The car is twenty euros per day 10. Are you very tired?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

I'm not I have he isn't I am she isn't how are you? Miss is she? I’m not going are you? Mrs fine / well she is how I’m going busy he is in a hurry tired I’m doing well Mr I'm called are you going? 24. is he?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

je ne suis pas j'ai il n'est pas Je suis elle n'est pas comment allez-vous? mademoiselle (Mlle) est-elle? je ne vais pas êtes-vous? madame (Mme.) bien elle est comment je vais occupé il est pressé fatigué je vais bien monsieur (M.) je m'appelle allez-vous? est-il?

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons twenty-seven to twenty-nine of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirty to thirty-two, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying.

Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare: 3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language.

Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses: French - Verbs 1 Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-4/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2rM7IFa Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 30 – 32 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 27-29”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 30 LESSON 31 LESSON 32 USING STRUCTURE 1 EXTRA INFORMATION MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? QUEL – WHICH ONE COMBIEN – HOW MUCH MORE WORDS

LESSON 30 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? Mr Mrs Miss I’m called I have If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson:

sous le nom de It means “in the name of” You pronounce it “sue ler non(g) der”

How would you say this in French?

I have a reservation in the name of Smith.

I have a reservation in the name of Smith. J’ai une réservation sous le nom de Smith.

How would you say this in French?

It’s in the name of Blanc.

It’s in the name of Blanc. C’est sous le nom de Blanc.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a reservation in the name of Descartes?

Do you have a reservation in the name of Descartes? Avez-vous une réservation sous le nom de Descartes?

How would you say this in French?

My reservation is in the name of Boulot.

My reservation is in the name of Boulot. Ma réservation est sous le nom de Boulot.

How would you say this in French?

The table is in the name of Gaultier.

The table is in the name of Gaultier. La table est sous le nom de Gaultier.

Here’s a nice phrase in French:

j’ai réservé It means “I have reserved” or “I have booked” You pronounce it “jshay reh-zair-vay”

How would you say this in French?

I have booked a table.

I’ve booked a table. J’ai réservé une table.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve reserved a table.

I’ve reserved a table. J’ai réservé une table.

How would you say this in French?

I have reserved a table for three people in the name of Fontaine.

I have reserved a table for three people in the name of Fontaine. J’ai réservé une table pour trois personnes sous le nom de Fontaine.

WORD LIST SO FAR sous le nom de –in the name of j’ai réservé – I’ve reserved / I’ve booked

How would you say this in French?

I’ve booked a room for two people.

I’ve booked a room for two people. J’ai réservé une chambre pour deux personnes.

Here’s your next word in French, and it happens to be a verb:

changer It means “(to) change” You pronounce it “shon-jshay”

How would you say this in French?

Can I change my reservation?

Can I change my reservation? Puis-je changer ma réservation?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to change my reservation.

I would like to change my reservation. Je voudrais changer ma réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to change my reservation.

I’m going to change my reservation. Je vais changer ma réservation.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to change the reservation?

Are you going to change the reservation? Allez-vous changer la réservation?

Now, if you add a little bit to the start of “changer” you get:

le changer It means “(to) change it” You pronounce it “ler shon-jshay”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to change it tomorrow.

I’m going to change it tomorrow. Je vais le changer demain.

French “it” Remember how a few lessons ago, we learnt the phrases:

Je l’aime I like it

Je le préfère I prefer it

Je le voudrais I would like it Well, you can put “le” in front of any verb to mean “it”. However, you know how French nouns can either be feminine or masculine? Well, the “it” can change depending on what it’s referring to. For example, if you want to say “Can I change it?” and you’re talking about changing a reservation, then the “it” would be feminine because the word “réservation” is feminine in French. The feminine word for “it”, in French, is “la”. Therefore, you would say “Puis-je la changer?”. So, every time you want to put “it” with a verb, think, “Is it masculine or feminine?” and use “le” or “la” accordingly.

Can I change it (the reservation)?

Puis-je la changer? This is because “réservation” is feminine

Can I change it (the coat)?

Puis-je le changer? This is because “coat” is masculine

So, let’s just clarify:

le/la changer It means “(to) change it” You pronounce it “ler/lah shon-jshay”

How would you say this in French?

I have a reservation but I would like to change it.

I have a reservation but I would like to change it. J’ai une réservation mais je voudrais la changer.

How would you say this in French?

I have this coat but I would like to change it.

I have this coat but I would like to change it. J’ai ce manteau mais je voudrais le changer.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to pay it (the bill).

I’m going to pay it (the bill). Je vais la payer.

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay it?

Can I pay it? Puis-je le payer?

Here’s another word with “le” in front of it. However, with this word, the LE shortens to L’ because the verb starts with a vowel:

l’essayer It means “(to) try it” You pronounce it “leh-say-ay”

WORD LIST SO FAR sous le nom de –in the name of j’ai réservé – I have reserved changer – (to) change le/la changer – (to) change it le/la payer – (to) pay for it l’essayer – (to) try it

French “it” If you put a LE or a LA in front of a verb that starts with a vowel, it becomes L’:

l’essayer to try it So, with these verbs, it doesn’t really matter whether you remember to use the correct masculine or feminine versions because you can’t tell anyway.

How would you say this in French?

Can I try it?

Can I try it? Puis-je l’essayer?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to try it.

I would like to try it. Je voudrais l’essayer.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to try it.

I’m going to try it. Je vais l’essayer.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to try it?

Are you going to try it? Allez-vous l’essayer?

Here’s another word you can put “le” or “la” in front of:

le/la faire It means “(to) make it” You pronounce it “ler / lah fair”

Faire You have already learnt that “faire” means “to make”, in French, but it also has another meaning. “Faire” also means “to do”. Therefore, “le/la faire” can mean “to make it” and “to do it”.

So, just to clarify:

le/la faire It means “(to) make it” or “(to) do it” You pronounce it “ler / lah fair”

How would you say this in French?

Can I do it tomorrow?

Can I do it tomorrow? Puis-je le faire demain?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to make it tomorrow.

I’m going to make it tomorrow. Je vais le faire demain.

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to do it?

What time are you going to do it? À quelle heure allez-vous le faire?

Here’s another time phrase type word:

maintenant It means “now” You pronounce it “man-ter-non”

So, how would you say this in French?

I am here now.

I am here now. Je suis ici maintenant.

WORD LIST SO FAR sous le nom de –in the name of j’ai réservé – I have reserved changer – (to) change le/la changer – (to) change it l’essayer – (to) try it le/la faire – (to) do it / (to) make it maintenant – now

How would you say this in French?

Can I do it now?

Can I do it now? Puis-je le faire maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

I’m too busy now.

I’m too busy now. Je suis trop occupé maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to do it now?

Are you going to do it now? Allez-vous le faire maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to change it now, please.

I would like to change it now, please. Je voudrais le changer maintenant, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to pay it now.

I’m going to pay it now. Je vais le payer maintenant.

Here’s another time phrase:

plus tard It means “later” You pronounce it “ploo tar”

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay later?

Can I pay later? Puis-je payer plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay it later?

Can I pay it later? Puis-je le payer plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to the beach later.

I’m going to the beach later. Je vais à la plage plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I’m too busy now but can I do it later?

I’m too busy now but can I do it later? Je suis trop occupé maintenant mais puis-je le faire plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to change everything later.

I’m going to change everything later. Je vais changer tout plus tard.

WORD LIST SO FAR sous le nom de –in the name of j’ai réservé – I have reserved changer – (to) change le/la changer – (to) change it l’essayer – (to) try it le/la faire – (to) do it / (to) make it maintenant – now plus tard – later

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I have a reservation in the name of Sauvage

2.

Do you have a reservation in the name of Smith?

3.

I’m going to do it later

4.

Can I try it now?

5.

Are you going to try it?

6.

I’m not going to change the reservation.

7.

I’ve booked a table in the name of DuBois

8.

I’m here now

9.

Are you here later?

10. I’m not going to pay it now

1.

J’ai une réservation sous le nom de Sauvage

2.

Avez-vous une réservation sous le nom de Smith?

3.

Je vais le faire plus tard

4.

Puis-je l’essayer maintenant?

5.

Allez-vous l’essayer?

6.

Je ne vais pas changer la réservation

7.

J’ai réservé une table sous le nom de DuBois

8.

Je suis ici maintenant

9.

Êtes-vous ici plus tard?

10. Je ne vais pas le payer maintenant

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

J’ai réservé une chambre pour ce soir

2.

Je voudrais changer ma réservation

3.

Puis-je l’essayer maintenant?

4.

À quelle heure allez-vous le faire?

5.

J’ai réservé une table pour trois personnes

6.

J’ai réservé une table pour demain à trois heures

7.

Je ne vais pas l’essayer

8.

Je suis ici plus tard aussi

9.

Je voudrais payer maintenant

10. Je ne vais pas le faire maintenant

1.

I’ve booked a room for tonight

2.

I would like to change my reservation

3.

Can I try it now?

4.

What time are you going to do it?

5.

I have booked a table for three people

6.

I’ve booked a table for tomorrow at three o’clock

7.

I’m not going to try it

8.

I’m here later as well

9.

I would like to pay now

10. I’m not going to do it now

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s half past four

2.

Are you very busy?

3.

Do you have a table for two?

4.

It isn’t always good here

5.

Are you going to pay the bill for me?

6.

The heating doesn’t work

7.

I am here tomorrow

8.

I would like a tea

9.

I’m not going to the beach

10. Take the third road on the left and then the second road on the right

1.

Il est quatre heures et demie

2.

Êtes-vous très occupé?

3.

Avez-vous une table pour deux?

4.

Ce n’est pas toujours bon ici

5.

Allez-vous payer l’addition pour moi?

6.

Le chauffage ne marche pas

7.

Je suis ici demain

8.

Je voudrais un thé

9.

Je ne vais pas à la plage

10. Prenez la troisième rue à gauche et puis la deuxième rue à droite

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Bonne soirée 2. Prenez la sortie vers Paris et puis allez tout droit 3. C’est combien pour neuf jours? 4. Il est sept heures et quart 5. Je l’aime en métal 6. Puis-je payer par carte? 7. Puis-je aller chez Marie? 8. Je voudrais une chambre pour une semaine, s’il vous plaît 9. Le poulet est toujours fantastique ici 10. Puis-je prendre le porc?

1. Have a good evening 2. Take the exit towards Paris and then go straight on 3. How much is it for nine days? 4. It’s quarter past seven 5. I like it in metal 6. Can I pay by card? 7. Can I go to Marie’s house? 8. I would like a room for one week, please 9. The chicken is always fantastic here 10. Can I have the pork?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I'm not 2. I have 3. I’m going 4. how are you? 5. (to) make/do it 6. I’m doing well 7. Mr 8. he isn't 9. I'm called 10. how 11. in a hurry 12. I have reserved / I have booked 13. are you going? 14. is he? 15. is she? 16. (to) change it 17. fine / well 18. in the name of 19. later 20. he is 21. (to) change 22. she is 23. are you? 24. now 25. Mrs 26. busy 27. Miss 28. (to) try it 29. I am 30. tired 31. she isn't

32. I’m not going

1. je ne suis pas 2. j'ai 3. je vais 4. comment allez-vous? 5. le faire 6. je vais bien 7. monsieur (M.) 8. il n'est pas 9. je m'appelle 10. comment 11. pressé 12. j'ai réservé 13. allez-vous? 14. est-il? 15. est-elle? 16. le changer 17. bien 18. sous le nom de 19. plus tard 20. il est 21. changer 22. elle est 23. êtes-vous? 24. maintenant 25. madame (Mme.) 26. occupé 27. mademoiselle (Mlle) 28. l'essayer 29. Je suis 30. fatigué 31. elle n'est pas 32. je ne vais pas

LESSON 31 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? in the name of I have reserved to change to change it to try it to do it / to make it now later If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful phrase to start this lesson with:

voulez-vous It means “do you want” You pronounce it “voo-lay voo”

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to try it?

Do you want to try it? Voulez-vous l’essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to try the cheese?

Do you want to try the cheese? Voulez-vous essayer le fromage?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to make a reservation?

Do you want to make a reservation? Voulez-vous faire une réservation ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to do it now?

Do you want to do it now? Voulez-vous le faire maintenant ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to pay the bill?

Do you want to pay the bill? Voulez-vous payer l’addition ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to hire a car?

Do you want to hire a car? Voulez-vous louer une voiture ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to do it later?

Do you want to do it later? Voulez-vous le faire plus tard ?

…do you want…? As you’ve seen in the examples so far, you can put any verb on the end of “voulez-vous”. However, you can also put things in front of “voulez-vous”, specifically question words. So far, we’ve only had a few question words but we’ll be meeting some more in later lessons. The ones we’ve had are:

où where

à quelle heure what time

comment how We can put these question words in front of “voulez-vous” to make some more interesting questions. For example:

Où voulez-vous prendre le déjeuner ? Where do you want to have lunch ?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want dinner?

What time do you want dinner? À quelle heure voulez-vous le dîner ?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to go to the beach?

What time do you want to go to the beach? À quelle heure voulez-vous aller à la plage ?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to go?

Where do you want to go? Où voulez-vous aller ?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to have breakfast?

Where do you want to have breakfast? Où voulez-vous prendre le petitdéjeuner ?

How would you say this in French?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Comment voulez-vous payer ?

Here’s another verb for you to use in French:

manger It means “(to) eat” You pronounce it “mon-jshay”

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Où voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to eat here?

Do you want to eat here? Voulez-vous manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to eat here.

I’m going to eat here. Je vais manger ici.

How would you say this in French?

Can I eat that?

Can I eat that? Puis-je manger cela ?

How would you say this in French?

What time can I eat?

What time can I eat? À quelle heure puis-je manger ?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to eat here.

I would like to eat here. Je voudrais manger ici.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to eat with Pierre later.

I’m going to eat with Pierre later. Je vais manger avec Pierre plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to eat it?

Are you going to eat it? Allez-vous le manger ?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to eat?

Where are you going to eat? Où allez-vous manger ?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to eat later?

What time are you going to eat later? À quelle heure allez-vous manger plus tard ?

How would you say this in French?

Can I eat here tonight?

Can I eat here tonight? Puis-je manger ici ce soir?

This next verb looks a little like command:

commander It means “(to) order” You pronounce it “koh-mon-day”

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to order some wine?

Are you going to order some wine? Allez-vous commander du vin?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to order a bottle of water for the table.

I’m going to order a bottle of water for the table. Je vais commander une bouteille d’eau pour la table.

How would you say this in French?

I’d like to order some more tea, please.

I’d like to order some more tea, please. Je voudrais commander plus de thé, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Can I order now?

Can I order now? Puis-je commander maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Can I order the chicken, please?

Can I order the chicken, please? Puis-je commander le poulet, s’il vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to order it now?

Do you want to order it now? Voulez-vous le commander maintenant?

Now, let’s add another question word to your collection:

que It means “what” You pronounce it “keugh”

How would you say this in French?

What do you want?

What do you want? Que voulez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to do now?

What do you want to do now? Que voulez-vous faire maintenant?

Que There’s one little thing to remember when using the word “que”. If you put “que” in front of a word that starts with a vowel or a ‘h’, the QUE becomes QU’ and hooks onto the front of the next word. For example:

Qu’allez-vous faire ? What are you going to do ?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to eat?

What are you going to eat? Qu’allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What can I order?

What can I order? Que puis-je commander?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? Qu’allez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I do here?

What can I do here? Que puis-je faire ici?

So, “manger” means “to eat”. Well, this next verb goes along nicely with “manger”:

boire It means “(to) drink” You pronounce it “bwahr”

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to drink the wine?

Do you want to drink the wine? Voulez-vous boire le vin?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? Que voulez-vous boire ?

WORD LIST SO FAR voulez-vous? – do you want? manger – (to) eat commander – (to) order que – what boire – (to) drink

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to drink?

What are you going to drink? Qu’allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to drink the wine.

I’m not going to drink the wine. Je ne vais pas boire le vin.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to drink that?

Are you going to drink that? Allez-vous boire cela?

How would you say this in French?

Can I drink this wine?

Can I drink this wine? Puis-je boire ce vin?

How would you say this in French?

I’d like to eat and drink here tonight.

I’d like to eat and drink here tonight. Je voudrais manger et boire ici ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

What can I eat and drink?

What can I eat and drink? Que puis-je manger et boire?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to drink some wine but I’m too busy.

I would like to drink some wine but I’m too busy. Je voudrais boire du vin mais je suis trop occupé.

Here’s one last word for this lesson:

aujourd'hui It means “today” You pronounce it “oh-jshoord-wee”

Aujourd’hui You might be thinking that “aujourd’hui” seems like a strange word, and you’re right. It’s one of the only French words that has an apostrophe right in the middle, and that’s because it’s actually an amalgamation of a few words. In the olden days in France, the word for “today” was just “hui”, but a problem occurred. The word “hui” sounds identical in pronunciation to the word “oui” which means “yes” in French. So, to differentiate between “hui” and “oui”, the French would say, “au jour de hui” meaning, “on the day of today”. Over time, this became one word and the DE shortened to D’ when it was placed in front of the word “hui”. That’s where “aujourd’hui” comes from.

au + jour + de + hui = aujourd’hui today

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to the beach today.

I’m going to the beach today. Je vais à la plage aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Are you tired today?

Are you tired today? Êtes-vous fatigué aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going today?

Where are you going today? Où allez-vous aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Are you busy today?

Are you busy today? Êtes-vous occupé aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

How are you today?

How are you today? Comment allez-vous aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to Paris today?

What time are you going to Paris today? À quelle heure allez-vous à Paris aujourd’hui?

WORD LIST SO FAR voulez-vous? – do you want? manger – (to) eat commander – (to) order que – what boire – (to) drink aujourd’hui – today

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Where do you want to eat today? What do you want to drink? I’m going to eat here I’m not going to eat here; the food is terrible Are you going to order some wine for the table? I’ve booked a table here but I’d like to eat there I’ve booked a table there for tonight but do you want to change it? 8. Do you want to try it? 9. What do you want to do now? 10. I’m not going to eat now; I’ve booked a table at the restaurant for later

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Où voulez-vous manger aujourd’hui? Que voulez-vous boire? Je vais manger ici Je ne vais pas manger ici; la nourriture est terrible Allez-vous commander du vin pour la table? J’ai réservé une table ici mais je voudrais manger là J’ai réservé une table là pour ce soir mais voulez-vous le changer? 8. Voulez-vous l’essayer? 9. Que voulez-vous faire maintenant? 10. Je ne vais pas manger maintenant; j’ai réservé une table au restaurant pour plus tard

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Aujourd’hui, je vais manger ici 2. Voulez-vous boire ici ? 3. Voulez-vous prendre une pizza ? 4. Voulez-vous un peu de fromage ? 5. Je ne vais pas manger tout ; je suis trop pressé 6. Je vais manger ça plus tard 7. Où est-il ? Je vais manger sans lui 8. Elle n’est pas ici mais je vais manger maintenant 9. Il n’est pas ici aujourd’hui 10. Voulez-vous commander maintenant ?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Today, I’m going to eat here Do you want to drink here? Do you want to have a pizza? Do you want a bit of cheese? I’m not going to eat everything; I’m in too much of a hurry 6. I’m going to eat that later 7. Where is he? I’m going to eat without him 8. She isn’t here but I’m going to eat now 9. He isn’t here today 10. Do you want to order now?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I think everything is absolutely beautiful here That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect Pierre is at the hotel but he’s very busy I would like to hire a car for three days, how much is it? Goodbye and have a good evening I’m going to pay the bill for everybody tonight Can I try a bit of the red wine? What time is the breakfast? How much is the lunch at the hotel? How are you, Marie?

1. 2. 3. 4.

Pour moi, tout est absolument beau ici Ça ce n’est pas mauvais mais ce n’est pas parfait Pierre est à l’hôtel mais il est très occupé Je voudrais louer une voiture pour trois jours, c’est combien ? 5. Au revoir et bonne soirée 6. Je vais payer l’addition pour tout le monde ce soir 7. Puis-je essayer un peu du vin rouge ? 8. À quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner? 9. C’est combien le déjeuner à l’hôtel? 10. Comment allez-vous, Marie ?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Tout va bien ? 2. Je vais changer la réservation ; je suis trop occupé 3. Le dîner est à sept heures moins le quart 4. Je vais commander un taxi pour plus tard 5. Bonsoir, je voudrais un taxi à six heures pour trois personnes 6. L’adresse du restaurant est vingt Rue de Marseille 7. C’est chez Marie mais je ne vais pas là aujourd’hui 8. Allez-vous payer l‘addition ? Ma carte ne marche pas 9. Où est la clé pour ma chambre ? 10. Excusez-moi, avez-vous une table pour deux ?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Is everything going well? I’m going to change the reservation; I’m too busy The dinner is at quarter to seven I’m going to order a taxi for later Good evening, I would like a taxi at six o’clock for three people 6. The restaurant’s address is 20 Rue de Marseille 7. It’s at Marie’s house but I’m not going there today 8. Are you going to pay the bill? My card doesn’t work 9. Where is the key for my room? 10. Excuse me, do you have a table for two?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32.

today what (to) drink do you want? (to) change it Mr (to) order is he? he isn't she is (to) change (to) eat in a hurry now Miss how are you? is she? are you going? Mrs in the name of I am I have reserved / I have booked he is I’m going busy I have how are you? I'm called tired (to) make/do it later

33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

I’m doing well she isn't I’m not going fine / well (to) try it I'm not

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

aujourd'hui que boire voulez-vous? le changer monsieur (M.) commander est-il? il n'est pas elle est changer manger pressé maintenant mademoiselle (Mlle) comment allez-vous? est-elle? allez-vous? madame (Mme.) sous le nom de Je suis j'ai réservé il est je vais occupé j'ai comment êtes-vous? je m'appelle fatigué le faire plus tard je vais bien elle n'est pas je ne vais pas

36. 37. 38.

bien l'essayer je ne suis pas

LESSON 32 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? what (to) order do you want (to) drink today (to) eat If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, you’ve amalgamated quite a collection of French words and phrases and you’ve started to learn how to put them together to build sentences. What we’re going to start doing now is learning how to speak more quickly and without having to think so hard. I’m going to introduce you to a technique called “Building Structures”. This will start to help to clarify the different structures of the French language as well as make it more like a reflex. This means you’ll be able to speak naturally and not have to think everything through like it’s a maths equation.

Building Structures The whole of the French language is made up of different structures of words. If you know the words and you know which order to put them in, you can speak the language! In the whole language, there are only a handful of different structures and, in this lesson, we’re going to learn the first one.

Structure 1 This first structure is one that you’ve already met. Although, at the time, I didn’t tell you it was an important French structure. It consists of just three parts, and here is an example of it in use:

Que voulez-vous manger? What do you want to eat?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its three components and given each component a name:

Que 2voulez-vous 3manger? 1What 2do you want 3to eat?

1

QUE

VOULEZVOUS

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

MANGER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

So, those are the three components: a question word, an infinitive carrier and an infinitive. You may be wondering, “What on Earth is an infinitive and an infinitive carrier?”. Well, an infinitive is just a verb. A verb is a word you can put “to” in front of, for example: to eat, to drink, to speak, to smoke, to go, to be, to hear, to arrive, to leave… An infinitive carrier is any word you can put an infinitive on the end of. In English, we have things like “I would like”, “do you want” and “I’m going”, because you can put infinitives on the end of these: I would like to eat. I would like to drink. I would like to go. Do you want to leave? Do you want to call? Do you want to eat? I’m going to arrive. I’m going to go. I’m going to dance.

We can change any of the three parts in this structure. For example, instead of saying “Que” at the start, which means “What”, we could change it to “Où”, meaning “Where”.

Que voulez-vous manger? What do you want to eat? So, the question would become:

Où voulez-vous manger? Where do you want to eat? Or, we could change it to “Quand”, which means “When”.

Quand voulez-vous manger? When do you want to eat? Did you notice how the rest of the structure stayed the same? The “voulezvous manger?” part didn’t alter at all just because you changed the question word at the start.

all just because you changed the question word at the start.

So, that’s three question words we could use at the start of structure one:

où where que what quand when Let’s add a few more infinitives and infinitive carriers so we can really start to manipulate this structure…

USING STRUCTURE 1 Here’s a list of a few question words, a few infinitive carriers and quite a few infinitives. What we’re going to do is use this list of words to get used to structure 1 by making up some questions: Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Infinitive carriers Puis-je – Can I Voulez-vous – Do you want Allez-vous – Are you going Infinitives Manger – (To) eat* Boire – (To) drink Commander – (To) order Essayer – (To) try Payer – (To) pay Faire – (To) do / (To) make Louer – (To) hire Aller – (To) go Prendre – (To) take Avoir – (To) have Changer – (To) change *The reason I’ve put the “to” in brackets on all of these words in the infinitive list is because sometimes we English we say the “to” but other times we miss it off. For example “What do you want to do?” but then “What can I do?”. In the first sentence, we say the word “to” but not in the second sentence.

So, what we can do with this first structure is start to build up questions using the three parts (question word – infinitive carrier – infinitive). Turn the page and see if you can say these questions in French using the words in the list above:

How would you say this in French?

Where can I pay?

Where can I pay? Où puis-je payer?

How would you say this in French?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? Que puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Où voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? Que voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? Qu’allez-vous commander? Just note that the word QUE shortens to QU’ when you put it in front of a word that starts with a vowel or a H. For example: qu’allez-vous

By building questions using structure one, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and the structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in French. So, let’s do a few more:

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? Qu’allez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Comment voulez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

What can I try?

What can I try? Que puis-je essayer?

Now, so far, I’ve said that the first structure is made up of three parts. However, there is a fourth part, which I’ll call “Extra Information”. Read on…

EXTRA INFORMATION The fourth part of structure one is simply extra information such as nouns, adjectives, time words etc… We can add the extra information on to the end of the question to add… well…extra information. For example:

Que voulez-vous manger ce soir? What do you want to eat tonight? Où voulez-vous manger demain? Where do you want to eat tomorrow? Que voulez-vous faire maintenant? What do you want to do now?

We’ve had a few question words, a few “infinitive carriers” and quite a few “infinitives”, so here are some extra information words you can use: Extra information Demain – Tomorrow Aujourd’hui – Today Ce soir – Tonight Maintenant – Now Plus tard – Later À Paris – To Paris / In Paris En France – To France / In France Au restaurant – At the restaurant / To the restaurant Le poulet – The chicken Le manteau rouge – The red coat Un billet – A ticket Pour Pierre – For Pierre Ici – Here

So, now you’re armed with some “Extra information” words, you can make your questions a little more adventurous. How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do now?

What are you going to do now? Qu’allez-vous faire maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do for Pierre?

What are you going to do for Pierre? Qu’allez-vous faire pour Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to eat later?

What time do you want to eat later? À quelle heure voulez-vous manger plus tard?

MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 You can manipulate structure one in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don’t always have to stick all three parts together. Let’s see what happens when you don’t put the question word on.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to eat?

Do you want to eat? Voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to eat here?

Do you want to eat here? Voulez-vous manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to pay?

Are you going to pay? Allez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to pay the bill now?

Do you want to pay the bill now? Voulez-vous payer l’addition maintenant?

Now let’s see what happens if you don’t put an infinitive on the end. How would you say this in French?

What do you want?

What do you want? Que voulez-vous?

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? I said earlier on in the book that the word “infinitive” just means “verb”. However, it’s specifically the whole verb, which in English usually has the word ‘to’ in front of it (but not always). In French, infinitives will always end in either the letters ‘er’, ‘ir’ or ‘re’. So far, in French, we’ve had… manger (to eat) boire (to drink) commander (to order) essayer (to try) payer (to pay) faire (to do/to make) louer (to hire) prendre (to take) avoir (to have) changer (to change)

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? An infinitive carrier is basically a word or an expression that can be followed by an infinitive. I’ve only given you a few French infinitive carriers so far: puis-je (can I) allez-vous (are you going) voulez-vous (do you want) You can put any infinitive on the end of these infinitive carriers to make your question for structure 1. Are you going to eat? Are you going to drink? Are you going to pay? Are you going to go? Are you going to try? There are a few more infinitive carriers that you’ll meet in later lessons and they make life much easier.

WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? A question word doesn’t really need much explanation. It’s easier just to see what they are. So far, we’ve looked at five question words. There’s only a small number of question words altogether so what we’ll do it learn them all now: Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? Que voulez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

How do you want to pay the bill?

How do you want to pay the bill? Comment voulez-vous payer l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you want?

Which one do you want? Quel voulez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you want to hire a car?

Why do you want to hire a car? Pourquoi voulez-vous louer une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Combien voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I hire a car?

Where can I hire a car? Où puis-je louer une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Quand voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? À quelle heure puis-je aller?

QUEL – WHICH ONE The question word “quel” can change in French depending on what it is referring to. Quel – Which / Which one (masculine singular) Quels – Which / Which ones (masculine plural) Quelle – Which / Which one (feminine singular) Quelles – Which / Which ones (feminine plural) You use “quel” or “quelle” when you’re referring to singular nouns (when there’s only one of something). You use “quels" or “quelles” when you’re referring to plural nouns (when there’s more than one of something).

Quel manteau voulez-vous? Which coat do you want? Quels manteaux voulez-vous? Which coats do you want? Quelle voiture voulez-vous? Which car do you want? Quelles voitures voulez-vous? Which cars do you want?

COMBIEN – HOW MUCH The word “combien” means “how much” or “how many” when it’s by itself. However, when you put a noun on the end of it, it changes to “combien de”. Combien (how much / how many) Combien de + noun (how much / how many + noun) Have a look at some examples below:

Combien voulez-vous? How much do you want? Combien voulez-vous? How many do you want? Combien de vin voulez-vous? How much wine do you want? Combien de fromage voulez-vous? How much cheese do you want? Combien de carottes voulez-vous? How many carrots do you want? Combien de poireaux voulez-vous? How many leeks do you want?

Seeing as you’ve had all the question words, let’s practise them a little.

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to eat?

What do you want to eat? Que voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? Que voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to order?

What do you want to order? Que voulez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to try?

What do you want to try? Que voulez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? Que voulez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to make?

What do you want to make? Que voulez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to take?

What do you want to take? Que voulez-vous prendre?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to have?

What do you want to have? Que voulez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to change?

What do you want to change? Que voulez-vous changer?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Où voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to drink?

Where do you want to drink? Où voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Quand voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to drink?

When do you want to drink? Quand voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to order?

When do you want to order? Quand voulez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Comment voulez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you want to eat here?

Why do you want to eat here? Pourquoi voulez-vous manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you want to take the car?

Why do you want to take the car? Pourquoi voulez-vous prendre la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to eat?

What time do you want to eat? À quelle heure voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you want to try?

Which one do you want to try? Quel voulez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you want to have?

Which one do you want to have? Quel voulez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you want to try?

Which ones do you want to try? Quels voulez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you want to have?

Which ones do you want to have? Quels voulez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Combien voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much do you want to drink?

How much do you want to drink? Combien voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

How many do you want to eat?

How many do you want to eat? Combien voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much pizza do you want to eat?

How much pizza do you want to eat? Combien de pizza voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine do you want to drink?

How much wine do you want to drink? Combien de vin voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to eat?

What are you going to eat? Qu’allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to drink?

What are you going to drink? Qu’allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? Qu’allez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to try?

What are you going to try? Qu’allez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? Qu’allez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to make?

What are you going to make? Qu’allez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to take?

What are you going to take? Qu’allez-vous prendre?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to have?

What are you going to have? Qu’allez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to change?

What are you going to change? Qu’allez-vous changer?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to eat?

Where are you going to eat? Où allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to drink?

Where are you going to drink? Où allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to eat?

When are you going to eat? Quand allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to drink?

When are you going to drink? Quand allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to order?

When are you going to order? Quand allez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to pay?

How are you going to pay? Comment allez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going to eat here?

Why are you going to eat here? Pourquoi allez-vous manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going to take the car?

Why are you going to take the car? Pourquoi allez-vous prendre la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to eat?

What time are you going to eat? À quelle heure allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Which one are you going to try?

Which one are you going to try? Quel allez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which one are you going to have?

Which one are you going to have? Quel allez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones are you going to try?

Which ones are you going to try? Quels allez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones are you going to have?

Which ones are you going to have? Quels allez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

How much are you going to eat?

How much are you going to eat? Combien allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much are you going to drink?

How much are you going to drink? Combien allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

How many are you going to eat?

How many are you going to eat? Combien allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much pizza are you going to eat?

How much pizza are you going to eat? Combien de pizza allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine are you going to drink?

How much wine are you going to drink? Combien de vin allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? Que puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

What can I drink?

What can I drink? Que puis-je boire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I try?

What can I try? Que puis-je essayer?

How would you say this in French?

What can I order?

What can I order? Que puis-je commander?

How would you say this in French?

What can I do?

What can I do? Que puis-je faire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I make?

What can I make? Que puis-je faire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I take?

What can I take? Que puis-je prendre?

How would you say this in French?

What can I have?

What can I have? Que puis-je avoir?

How would you say this in French?

What can I change?

What can I change? Que puis-je changer?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I eat?

Where can I eat? Où puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I drink?

Where can I drink? Où puis-je boire?

How would you say this in French?

When can I eat?

When can I eat? Quand puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

When can I order?

When can I order? Quand puis-je commander?

How would you say this in French?

What time can I eat?

What time can I eat? À quelle heure puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

Which one can I try?

Which one can I try? Quel puis-je essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which one can I have?

Which one can I have? Quel puis-je avoir?

How would you say this in French?

How much can I eat?

How much can I eat? Combien puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much can I drink?

How much can I drink? Combien puis-je boire?

How would you say this in French?

How many can I eat?

How many can I eat? Combien puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much chicken can I eat?

How much chicken can I eat? Combien de poulet puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine can I drink?

How much wine can I drink? Combien de vin puis-je boire?

MORE WORDS Seeing as we’ve now learnt all the question words, we may as well learn a few more infinitive carriers and infinitives. Then we can start making up questions for Structure 1 to our heart’s content! Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom Infinitive carriers Puis-je – Can I Pouvez-vous – Can you Voulez-vous – Do you want Allez-vous – Are you going Dois-je – Do I have to / Must I Devez-vous – Do you have to / Must you Infinitives Manger – (To) eat Boire – (To) drink Commander – (To) order Essayer – (To) try Payer – (To) pay Faire – (To) do / To make Louer – (To) hire Aller – (To) go Prendre – (To) take

Avoir – (To) have Changer – (To) change Acheter – (To) buy Commencer – (To) start Être – (To) be Partir – (To) leave Sortir – (To) go out Apporter – (To) bring Dépenser – (To) spend (money) Passer – (To) spend (time) Voir – (To) see Appeler – (To) call Rester – (To) stay Trouver – (To) find Dire – (To) tell / (To) say

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to leave?

When do you want to leave? Quand voulez-vous partir?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you going to see?

Whom are you going to see? Qui allez-vous voir?

How would you say this in French?

What can I bring?

What can I bring? Que puis-je apporter?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to stay tonight?

Where are you going to stay tonight? Où allez-vous rester ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Whom can I call?

Whom can I call? Qui puis-je appeler?

TURNING IT ALL NEGATIVE There’s one more useful thing that you can do to this structure quite easily: make it negative. You can change the infinitive carriers from positive to negative quite easily:

Why are you going to Paris? Why aren’t you going to Paris? Can I go with you? Why can’t I go with you? When can you do it? When can’t you do it? In English, it’s simply a matter of putting a little “n’t” after the verb. Well, it’s almost as simple in French, too. All you have to do to turn the infinitive carriers negative is put a ‘ne’ in front of it and put a ‘pas’ after it.

For example:

Allez-vous? – Are you going? N’allez-vous pas? – Aren’t you going? You can do this with any of the infinitive carriers in the question form. Have a look below: Infinitive carriers (negative question form) Ne puis-je pas – Can’t I Ne pouvez-vous pas – Can’t you Ne voulez-vous pas – Don’t you want N’allez-vous pas – Aren’t you going Ne dois-je pas – Don’t I have to Ne devez-vous pas – Don’t you have to You might have noticed that the word ne shortens slightly to just n’ when it’s placed in front of a word that starts with a vowel or a h. Let’s have a quick practise with these.

How would you say this in French?

Why can’t I go with you?

Why can’t I go with you? Pourquoi ne puis-je pas aller avec vous?

How would you say this in French?

What can’t you bring?

What can’t you bring? Que ne pouvez-vous pas apporter?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you going to buy something for Marie?

Aren’t you going to buy something for Marie? N’allez-vous pas acheter quelque chose pour Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Whom can’t I call?

Whom can’t I call? Qui ne puis-je pas appeler?

How would you say this in French?

Why can’t you do it later?

Why can’t you do it later? Pourquoi ne pouvez-vous pas le faire plus tard?

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirty to thirty-two of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirty-three to thirty-five, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying.

Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare: 3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language.

Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses: French - Verbs 1 Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-4/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2rM7IFa Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 33 – 35 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2018 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Visit my website or follow me on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for more language hints and tips: www.3minute.club www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 30-32”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 33 LESSON 34 LESSON 35 Les parties du corps Parts of the body Des médicaments Medicine Des maladies Illnesses Merci

LESSON 33

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson:

j'ai commandé It means “I (have) ordered” You pronounce it “jshay kom-on-day”

I (have) ordered The reason I’ve put the “have” in brackets is because, in English, there is more than one way to translate “j’ai commandé”. In English, you can say either: I ordered the chicken or I have ordered the chicken However, in French, both these sentences would be the same

j'ai commandé le poulet I (have) ordered the chicken

How would you say this in French?

I’ve ordered a bottle of wine.

I’ve ordered a bottle of wine. J’ai commandé une bouteille de vin.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered a coffee but it isn’t here.

I ordered a coffee but it isn’t here. J’ai commandé un café mais ce n’est pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered a red wine but I would like to change it.

I ordered a red wine but I would like to change it. J’ai commandé un vin rouge mais je voudrais le changer.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve ordered the chicken.

I’ve ordered the chicken. J’ai commandé le poulet.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered for Pierre.

I ordered for Pierre. J’ai commandé pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered a wine but it isn’t here.

I ordered a wine but it isn’t here. J’ai commandé un vin mais ce n’est pas ici.

You might be able to guess what this next phrase means, as it’s made up of words we’ve already seen:

pour vous It means “for you” You pronounce it “poor voo”

How would you say this in French?

I’ve ordered for you.

I’ve ordered for you. J’ai commandé pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

It’s for you.

It’s for you. C’est pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered the wine for me; it isn’t for you.

I ordered the wine for me; it isn’t for you. J’ai commandé le vin pour moi ; ce n’est pas pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

That is for you.

That is for you. Ça c’est pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

That is absolutely perfect for you.

That is absolutely perfect for you. Ça c’est absolument parfait pour vous.

Here’s your next word in French:

non pas It means “not” You pronounce it “non(g) pah”

Pas vs. Non pas I told you ages ago that “pas” means “not” in French. However, “non pas” is just another way of saying this. It’s a little more polite than just “pas” by itself but you’ll hear French people using both

pas pour moi non pas pour moi not for me

How would you say this in French?

Not for me, thank you.

Not for me, thank you. Non pas pour moi, merci.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered the chicken, not the turkey.

I ordered the chicken, not the turkey. J’ai commandé le poulet, non pas la dinde.

How would you say this in French?

Not for you.

Not for you. Non pas pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

That is for Marie, not for Pierre.

That is for Marie, not for Pierre. Ça c’est pour Marie, non pas pour Pierre.

Here’s your next phrase for this lesson:

j'ai mangé It means “I have eaten / I ate” You pronounce it “jshay mon-jshay”

I have eaten / I ate Here is another example of where, in English, there is more than one way to talk about the past. For example you can say: I ate the chicken or I have eaten the chicken However, in French, both these sentences would be the same

j'ai mangé le poulet I ate the chicken / I have eaten the chicken

So, how would you say this in French?

I ate at the restaurant.

I ate at the restaurant. J’ai mangé au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I ate here with Marie.

I ate here with Marie. J’ai mangé ici avec Marie.

I’ve eaten absolutely everything.

I’ve eaten absolutely everything. J’ai mangé absolument tout.

Here’s your next word in French:

c'était It means “it was” You pronounce it “settay”

How would you say this in French?

It was fantastic.

It was fantastic. C’était fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered the chicken and it was fantastic.

I ordered the chicken and it was fantastic. J’ai commandé le poulet et c’était fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

It was here.

It was here. C’était ici.

How would you say this in French?

I think it was good.

I think it was good. Pour moi, c’était bon.

That was In the very first 3 Minute French lesson, we learnt the word “c’est” meaning “it is”. And then, I said that if you put “ҫa” in front of it, you get “ҫa c’est” meaning “that is”

ҫa c’est that is (literally, it means “that it is”) Well, you can do the same thing with the word “c’était”. If you put the word “ҫa” in front of it, you get “ҫa c’était” meaning “that was”

ҫa c’était that was (literally, it means “that it was”)

How would you say this in French?

That was perfect.

That was perfect. Ça c’était parfait.

How would you say this in French?

How much was the breakfast?

How much was the breakfast? C’était combien le petit-déjeuner?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai commandé – I (have) ordered pour vous – for you non pas – not j’ai mangé – I have eaten / I ate c’était – it was ça c’était – that was c’était combien? – How much was (it)?

How would you say this in French?

How much was it for two weeks?

How much was it for two weeks? C’était combien pour deux semaines?

Here’s your next word in French:

était It means “was” You pronounce it “ettay”

How would you say this in French?

The chicken was delicious.

The chicken was delicious. Le poulet était délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre was at the restaurant.

Pierre was at the restaurant. Pierre était au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Everything was extraordinary.

Everything was extraordinary. Tout était extraordinaire.

How would you say this in French?

I think the food was terrible.

I think the food was terrible. Pour moi, la nourriture était terrible.

How would you say this in French?

Marie was here with Sophie.

Marie was here with Sophie. Marie était ici avec Sophie.

How would you say this in French?

The food was absolutely delicious, thank you.

The food was absolutely delicious, thank you. La nourriture était absolument délicieuse, merci.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant was very busy.

The restaurant was very busy. Le restaurant était très occupé.

Here’s your next phrase in French:

ce n’était pas It means “it wasn’t” You pronounce it “snettay pah”

How would you say this in French?

It wasn’t very good.

It wasn’t very good. Ce n’était pas très bon.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered the chicken but it wasn’t very good.

I ordered the chicken but it wasn’t very good. J’ai commandé le poulet mais ce n’était pas très bon.

How would you say this in French?

It wasn’t here.

It wasn’t here. Ce n’était pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

It was good but it wasn’t perfect.

It was good but it wasn’t perfect. C’était bon mais ce n’était pas parfait.

How would you say this in French?

It was beautiful at the beach today.

It was beautiful at the beach today. C’était beau à la plage aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It wasn’t there today.

It wasn’t there today. Ce n’était pas là aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It wasn’t for two weeks; it was for one week.

It wasn’t for two weeks; it was for one week. Ce n’était pas pour deux semaines ; c’était pour une semaine.

You can probably guess what this next phrase means:

n'était pas It means “wasn’t” You pronounce it “nettay pah”

How would you say this in French?

The chicken wasn’t very good.

The chicken wasn’t very good. Le poulet n’était pas très bon.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre wasn’t there.

Pierre wasn’t there. Pierre n’était pas là.

How would you say this in French?

The food wasn’t bad.

The food wasn’t bad. La nourriture n’était pas mauvaise.

How would you say this in French?

The wine wasn’t for you.

The wine wasn’t for you. Le vin n’était pas pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre wasn’t very nice.

Pierre wasn’t very nice. Pierre n’était pas très sympa.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel wasn’t in Aix; it was in Marseille.

The hotel wasn’t in Aix; it was in Marseille. L’hôtel n’était pas à Aix ; c’était à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant wasn’t too busy.

The restaurant wasn’t too busy. Le restaurant n’était pas trop occupé.

And here is your last word for this lesson:

hier It means “yesterday” You pronounce it “ee-air”

How would you say this in French?

I ate here yesterday.

I ate here yesterday. J’ai mangé ici hier.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre wasn’t there yesterday but he was there today.

Pierre wasn’t there yesterday but he was there today. Pierre n’était pas là hier mais il était là aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered the chicken yesterday but today I’m going to order the fish.

I ordered the chicken yesterday but today I’m going to order the fish. J’ai commandé le poulet hier mais aujourd’hui je vais commander le poisson.

How would you say this in French?

Marie was here yesterday.

Marie was here yesterday. Marie était ici hier.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai commandé – I ordered / I have ordered pour vous – for you j’ai mangé – I ate / I’ve eaten c’était – it was ce n’était pas – it wasn’t était – was n’était pas – wasn’t hier – yesterday

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I’ve ordered two bottles of red wine but I’m going to order a bottle of white wine as well (also) 2. I’ve ordered an orange juice for you 3. I ate here yesterday and the chicken was delicious but the dessert was terrible 4. Marie wasn’t here yesterday but she’s here today 5. It was very beautiful in Paris but everybody was very busy 6. I’ve eaten everything and it was absolutely delicious 7. I ordered some white wine but it wasn’t very good 8. I ordered the steak but I’d like to change it now 9. Marie was very tired yesterday at the restaurant 10. I’m doing well today but yesterday was terrible

1.

J’ai commandé deux bouteilles de vin rouge mais je vais commander une bouteille de vin blanc aussi 2. J’ai commandé un jus d’orange pour vous 3. J’ai mangé ici hier et le poulet était délicieux mais le dessert était terrible 4. Marie n’était pas ici hier mais elle est ici aujourd’hui 5. C’était très beau à Paris mais tout le monde était très occupé 6. J’ai mangé tout et c’était absolument délicieux 7. J’ai commandé du vin blanc mais ce n’était pas très bon 8. J’ai commandé le bifteck mais je voudrais le changer maintenant 9. Marie était très fatiguée hier au restaurant 10. Je vais bien aujourd’hui mais hier était terrible

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Pour moi, la nourriture au restaurant hier était fantastique Ce n’était pas pour vous; ça c’était mon vin J’ai mangé trop de nourriture et maintenant je suis fatigué La réservation était hier Monsieur Blanc était là mais Madame Dupont était à Paris hier 6. Michel n’était pas chez lui 7. Allez-vous commander le poisson ? Ce n’était pas très bon hier 8. Ça c’est pour vous et ce gâteau est pour moi 9. La voiture était trop petite 10. J’ai commandé un vin blanc pour vous mais je préfère le vin rouge

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

I think the food at the restaurant yesterday was fantastic It wasn’t for you; that was my wine I’ve eaten too much food and now I’m tired The reservation was yesterday Mr Blanc was there but Mrs Dupont was in Paris yesterday 6. Michel wasn’t at home (at his house) 7. Are you going to order the fish? It wasn’t very good yesterday 8. That is for you and this cake is for me 9. The car was too small 10. I’ve ordered a white wine for you but I prefer red wine

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s ninety euros for two nights at the hotel in Paris Do you have a map of La Rochelle? Can I have a pizza? How do I get to the supermarket? Take the third road on the left and then go straight on At the roundabout, take the exit towards the beach I’m going to Marseille before ten o’clock It was there, towards the shop I would like a bigger car; that is too small Do you have a basket?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C’est quatre-vingt-dix euros pour deux nuits à l’hôtel à Paris Avez-vous un plan de La Rochelle ? Puis-je prendre une pizza ? Pour aller au supermarché ? Prenez la troisième rue à gauche et puis allez tout droit Au rond-point, prenez la sortie vers la plage Je vais à Marseille avant dix heures C’était là, vers le magasin Je voudrais une plus grande voiture ; ça c’est trop petite Avez-vous un panier ?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Puis-je avoir un sac, s’il vous plaît ? 2. J’ai commandé un manteau rouge et un manteau bleu mais je préfère le bleu 3. J’aime le restaurant à Nice ; j’ai mangé là hier 4. La chemise bleue claire est bonne mais, pour vous, je préfère la chemise bleue foncée 5. C’est combien un billet ? 6. Je voudrais deux allers simples pour Bretagne 7. Un aller-retour pour Paris est trente euros 8. Je vais l’essayer plus tard 9. J’ai une réservation sous le nom de Roberts à sept heures mais je voudrais la changer à huit heures 10. Allez-vous le faire aujourd’hui ?

1. Can I have a bag, please? 2. I’ve ordered a red coat and a blue coat but I prefer the blue 3. I like the restaurant in Nice; I ate there yesterday 4. The light blue shirt is good but, for you, I prefer the dark blue shirt 5. How much is a ticket? 6. I would like two one-way tickets for Brittany 7. A return ticket for Paris is thirty euros 8. I’m going to try it later 9. I have a reservation in the name of Roberts at seven o’clock but I would like to change it to eight o’clock 10. Are you going to do it today?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. do you want? 2. I’m going 3. I am 4. I have 5. in a hurry 6. Mrs 7. what 8. tired 9. I’m not going 10. how 11. I have reserved / I have booked 12. today 13. (to) drink 14. I ordered 15. busy 16. (to) try it 17. is he? 18. was 19. yesterday 20. it was 21. I'm not 22. (to) change 23. now 24. she isn't 25. are you? 26. for you 27. are you going? 28. I’m doing well 29. (to) make/do it 30. she is 31. Mr

32. fine / well 33. is she? 34. I'm called 35. later 36. I ate / I've eaten 37. Miss 38. (to) change it 39. he isn't 40. (to) eat 41. it wasn't 42. how are you? 43. (to) order 44. he is 45. wasn't 46. in the name of

1. voulez-vous? 2. je vais 3. Je suis 4. j'ai 5. pressé 6. madame (Mme.) 7. que 8. fatigué 9. je ne vais pas 10. comment 11. j'ai réservé 12. aujourd'hui 13. boire 14. j'ai commandé 15. occupé 16. l'essayer 17. est-il? 18. était 19. hier 20. c'était 21. je ne suis pas 22. changer 23. maintenant 24. elle n'est pas 25. êtes-vous? 26. pour vous 27. allez-vous? 28. je vais bien 29. le faire 30. elle est 31. monsieur (M.) 32. bien 33. est-elle? 34. je m'appelle 35. plus tard

36. j'ai mangé 37. mademoiselle (Mlle) 38. le changer 39. il n'est pas 40. manger 41. ce n'était pas 42. comment allez-vous? 43. commander 44. il est 45. n'était pas 46. sous le nom de

LESSON 34 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I ordered I ate for you not it was it wasn’t was wasn’t yesterday If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful phrase in French:

la même chose It means “the same thing” You pronounce it “lah mem shohz”

How would you say this in French?

I would like the same thing.

I would like the same thing. Je voudrais la même chose.

How would you say this in French?

I have ordered the same thing.

I have ordered the same thing. J’ai commandé la même chose.

How would you say this in French?

Can I order the same thing?

Can I order the same thing? Puis-je commander la même chose ?

How would you say this in French?

The same thing for me, please.

The same thing for me, please. La même chose pour moi, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I ate the chicken yesterday and I’ve order the same thing today.

I ate the chicken yesterday and I’ve ordered the same thing today. J’ai mangé le poulet hier et j’ai commandé la même chose aujourd’hui.

The same thing as Pierre In French, if you want to say “the same thing as…” somebody, you have to use the word “que” for “as”.

La même chose que Pierre The same thing as Pierre So, now we’ve seen that “que” can mean more than one thing; it means “what” and it can also mean “as”. You can put anything on the end of the word “que”.

La même chose que lui The same thing as him

La même chose qu’elle The same thing as her

La même chose que vous The same thing as you

La même chose que moi The same thing as me

How would you say this in French?

I would like the same thing as you.

I would like the same thing as you. Je voudrais la même chose que vous.

How would you say this in French?

I have ordered the same thing as Marie.

I have ordered the same thing as Marie. J’ai commandé la même chose que Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Can I order the same thing as him?

Can I order the same thing as him? Puis-je commander la même chose que lui ?

How would you say this in French?

I would like the same thing as yesterday.

I would like the same thing as yesterday. Je voudrais la même chose qu’hier.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want the same thing as me?

Do you want the same thing as me? Voulez-vous la même chose que moi?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to order the same thing as me?

Are you going to order the same thing as me? Allez-vous commander la même chose que moi ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to do the same thing today as yesterday.

I’m going to do the same thing today as yesterday. Je vais faire la même chose aujourd’hui qu’hier.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to order the same thing as Marie, because I don’t like it.

I’m not going to order the same thing as Marie, because I don’t like it. Je ne vais pas commander la même chose que Marie, parce que je ne l’aime pas.

I’m going to give you two words now that have the same meaning but are used in slightly different ways:

un autre / encore They both mean “another” You pronounce them “an(g) oh-tr” and “on-koor”

Another another In French, both “un autre” and “encore” can be used to mean “another”, but you can’t use whichever one you please whenever you want. There are slight differences between the two:

Je voudrais une autre bouteille de vin I would like another bottle of wine (a different sort)

Je voudrais encore une bouteille de vin I would like another bottle of wine (the same sort) So, firstly, notice how the “un” becomes “une” if it’s referring to a feminine thing in the phrase “un/une autre”. Secondly, the phrase “un/une autre” is used when you want another type of something, whereas “encore” is used when you want another of the same type. Literally, “encore” means “again” so what you’re really saying is “I would like again a bottle of wine” – “Je voudrais encore une bouteille de vin”. Also, because it means “again”, you can say things like “Je voudrais encore la même chose” – “I would like the same thing again”. So, if you’re drinking some wine and you really liked it and you would like another bottle of the same wine, you would say:

Je voudrais encore une bouteille de vin I would like another bottle of wine (the same sort) However, if you’re drinking some wine and you don’t like it and you would like another bottle of wine but a different type, you would say:

Je voudrais une autre bouteille de vin I would like another bottle of wine (a different sort)

How would you say this in French?

Do you want another bottle? (the same sort)

Do you want another bottle? (the same sort) Voulez-vous encore une bouteille?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want another bottle? (a different sort)

Do you want another bottle? (a different sort) Voulez-vous une autre bouteille?

How would you say this in French?

I would like the same thing again.

I would like the same thing again. Je voudrais encore la même chose.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want another tea?

Do you want another tea? Voulez-vous encore un thé ?

How would you say this in French? (You might need this phrase “un verre de” meaning “a glass of”):

I’m going to have another glass of water.

I’m going to have another glass of water. Je vais prendre encore un verre d’eau.

WORD LIST SO FAR la même chose – the same thing la même chose que lui – the same thing as him la même chose qu’elle– the same thing as her la même chose que moi – the same thing as me la même chose que vous – the same thing as you la même chose que Pierre – the same thing as Pierre encore – another (the same type) / again un/une autre – another (a different type)

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to order another bottle of wine? (a different type)

Are you going to order another bottle of wine? (a different type) Allez-vous commander une autre bouteille de vin ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to order another bottle of wine? (the same type)

Are you going to order another bottle of wine? (the same type) Allez-vous commander encore une bouteille de vin ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want another coffee?

Do you want another coffee? Voulez-vous encore un café ?

And here’s your final phrase for this lesson. It’s a nice phrase you can put at the beginning or on the end of things to be polite:

si c’est possible It means “if it’s possible” You pronounce it “see say poss-eeb-leugh”

How would you say this in French?

I would like that, if it’s possible.

I would like that, if it’s possible. Je voudrais cela, si c’est possible.

How would you say this in French?

If it’s possible, I would like it in green.

If it’s possible, I would like it in green. Si c’est possible, je le voudrais en vert.

How would you say this in French?

I would like the same thing again, if it’s possible.

I would like the same thing again, if it’s possible. Je voudrais encore la même chose, si c’est possible.

How would you say this in French?

Another orange juice, if it’s possible.

Another orange juice, if it’s possible. Encore un jus d’orange, si c’est possible.

WORD LIST SO FAR la même chose – the same thing la même chose que lui – the same thing as him la même chose qu’elle– the same thing as her la même chose que moi – the same thing as me la même chose que vous – the same thing as you la même chose que Pierre – the same thing as Pierre encore – another (the same type) / again un/une autre – another (a different type) si c’est possible – if it’s possible

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

If it’s possible, I’d like the same thing as him I ordered the same thing as yesterday Do you want another coffee? Do you want another car? (A different one) Do you have another wine? I like this wine but I’d like to try another I’m going to order the same thing as Sophie I’d like to go to the beach today, if it’s possible Do you want the same thing again? I’m not going to order the same thing as you

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Si c’est possible, je voudrais la même chose que lui J’ai commandé la même chose qu’hier Voulez-vous encore un café ? Voulez-vous une autre voiture ? Avez-vous un autre vin ? J’aime ce vin mais je voudrais essayer un autre Je vais commander la même chose que Sophie Je voudrais aller à la plage aujourd’hui, si c’est possible Voulez-vous encore la même chose ? Je ne vais pas commander la même chose que vous

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Allez-vous commander la même chose que moi ? Puis-je avoir une plus grande table si c’est possible ? Si c’est possible, je voudrais changer ma réservation Avez-vous une autre bouteille de vin blanc ? Je vais essayer une autre fromage ; ce fromage est terrible Voulez-vous la même chose que Pierre ? Je ne vais pas commander la même chose J’ai commandé la même chose qu’hier mais ce n’était pas très bon aujourd’hui 9. La même chose pour moi, s’il vous plaît 10. Ça ce n’est pas la même chose

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Are you going to order the same thing as me? Can I have a bigger table, if it’s possible? If it’s possible, I would like to change my reservation Do you have another bottle of white wine? I’m going to try another cheese; this cheese is terrible Do you want the same thing as Pierre? I’m not going to order the same thing I ordered the same thing as yesterday but it wasn’t very good today 9. The same thing for me, please 10. That isn’t the same thing

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I think this hotel is good but I prefer the rooms there I would like another room; this room is too small for me It wasn’t very good but I ate everything Everything was bad yesterday but it’s going well today Can I try these shoes? I’m going to order a bottle of water for the table Do you want a coffee? Do you have any orange juice? I would like some ice-cream but I’ve eaten too much Everything in France is delicious

1. Pour moi, cet hôtel est bon mais je préfère les chambres là 2. Je voudrais une autre chambre ; cette chambre est trop petite pour moi 3. Ce n’était pas très bon mais j’ai mangé tout 4. Tout était mauvais hier mais ça va bien aujourd’hui 5. Puis-je essayer ces chaussures ? 6. Je vais commander une bouteille d’eau pour la table 7. Voulez-vous un café ? 8. Avez-vous du jus d’orange ? 9. Je voudrais de la glace mais j’ai mangé trop 10. Tout en France est délicieux

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je vais prendre le train à Marseille 2. Comment allez-vous à Paris ? 3. À quelle heure allez-vous prendre le dîner ce soir ? 4. Comment voulez-vous payer l’addition ? 5. Où est-elle ? Elle n’est pas à la plage 6. Ça ce n’est pas pour vous 7. Voulez-vous ça ? 8. Avez-vous cela en blanc ? 9. Je voudrais deux sacs, s’il vous plaît 10. Allez-vous faire une réservation ?

1. I’m going to take the train to Marseille 2. How are you going to Paris? 3. What time are you going to have dinner tonight? 4. How do you want to pay the bill? 5. Where is she? She isn’t at the beach 6. That isn’t for you 7. Do you want that? 8. Do you have that in white? 9. I would like two bags, please 10. Are you going to make a reservation?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. tired 2. the same thing 3. the same thing as you 4. (to) drink 5. busy 6. Miss 7. how 8. are you going? 9. I am 10. it was 11. the same thing as her 12. I have reserved / I have booked 13. was 14. he isn't 15. fine / well 16. I have 17. he is 18. (to) order 19. do you want? 20. wasn't 21. yesterday 22. is she? 23. I’m not going 24. what 25. the same thing as me 26. I’m doing well 27. are you? 28. is he? 29. Mrs 30. the same thing as him 31. (to) make/do it

32. for you 33. in the name of 34. in a hurry 35. I ordered 36. (to) change it 37. (to) change 38. now 39. she is 40. later 41. I'm called 42. how are you? 43. Mr 44. another (a different type) 45. (to) eat 46. if it's possible 47. today 48. I'm not 49. the same thing as Pierre 50. another (the same type) / again 51. (to) try it 52. it wasn't 53. she isn't 54. I’m going 55. I ate / I've eaten

1. fatigué 2. la même chose 3. la même chose que vous 4. boire 5. occupé 6. mademoiselle (Mlle) 7. comment 8. allez-vous? 9. Je suis 10. c'était 11. la même chose qu'elle 12. j'ai réservé 13. était 14. il n'est pas 15. bien 16. j'ai 17. il est 18. commander 19. voulez-vous? 20. n'était pas 21. hier 22. est-elle? 23. je ne vais pas 24. que 25. la même chose que moi 26. je vais bien 27. êtes-vous? 28. est-il? 29. madame (Mme.) 30. la même chose que lui 31. le faire 32. pour vous 33. sous le nom de 34. pressé 35. j'ai commandé

36. le changer 37. changer 38. maintenant 39. elle est 40. plus tard 41. je m'appelle 42. comment allez-vous? 43. monsieur (M.) 44. un/une autre 45. manger 46. si c'est possible 47. aujourd'hui 48. je ne suis pas 49. la même chose que Pierre 50. encore 51. l'essayer 52. ce n'était pas 53. elle n'est pas 54. je vais 55. j'ai mangé

LESSON 35 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? if it’s possible the same thing the same thing as him the same thing as her the same thing as me the same thing as you the same thing as Marie another (the same sort) / again another (a different sort) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Hopefully, you won’t need this one, but just in case!

j'ai mal à… It means “I’ve hurt my…” You pronounce it “jshay mal ah”

I’ve hurt my… Now, the literal translation of “j’ai mal à” isn’t actually “I’ve hurt my”. If you were to translate “j’ai mal à…” word for word, it would mean “I have pain at…”. You can put any body part on the end of this to say where it hurts. However, one thing to remember, which is different to English, is that in French, you don’t say “I’ve hurt MY head” but rather, “I’ve hurt THE head”. (This is the same for any body part).

J’ai mal à la tête I’ve hurt my head (literally: I have pain at the head) Remember, however, that when “à” is put together with “le” it becomes “au”. Similarly, if “à” is put together with “les”, it becomes “aux”.

J’ai mal au nez I’ve hurt my nose (literally: I have pain at the nose)

J’ai mal aux yeux I’ve hurt my eyes (literally: I have pain at the eyes)

How would you say this in French?

I’ve hurt my head.

I’ve hurt my head. J’ai mal à la tête.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve hurt my nose.

I’ve hurt my nose. J’ai mal au nez.

Body parts I’ve put a vocabulary expansion section at the end of this lesson with a list of lots of body parts in French. You can put any of these on the end of the phrase “j’ai mal à…”. Just remember, that if you have a masculine or plural body part, it will join with the “à” to form either “au” or “aux”.

Here’s another phrase that you hopefully won’t need:

je me suis cassé… It means “I’ve broken my…” You pronounce it “jsheugh meugh swee kah-say”

I’ve broken my… Just like with “j’ai mal à…”, when you use “je me suis cassé…”, you can put any body part on the end of this to say what it is you’ve broken. And, the rule about just using THE rather than MY still exists. So, you would say, “I’ve broken the leg” in French, instead of “I’ve broken my leg”.

Je me suis cassé la jambe I’ve broken my leg (literally: I’ve broken the leg)

How would you say this in French? The word for “the finger” is “le doigt”

I’ve broken my finger.

I’ve broken my finger. Je me suis cassé le doigt.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve broken my nose.

I’ve broken my nose. Je me suis cassé le nez.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai mal à… – I’ve hurt my… je me suis cassé… – I’ve broken my…

Here’s your next phrase in French for this lesson:

un médicament It means “some medicine” or “any medicine” but literally it means “a medicine” You pronounce it “an(g) meh-dee-kah-mon”

How would you say this in French?

Can I have some medicine?

Can I have some medicine? Puis-je avoir un médicament ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want some medicine?

Do you want some medicine? Voulez-vous un médicament ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any medicine?

Do you have any medicine? Avez-vous un médicament ?

How would you say this in French?

I would like some medicine.

I would like some medicine. Je voudrais un médicament.

Medicine I’ve put another two vocabulary expansion sections at the end of this lesson. These second and third sections contain lots of vocabulary for medicine and illnesses just in case you might need something specific.

Here’s your next phrase in French for this lesson:

j'ai attrapé It means “I’ve caught” You pronounce it “jshay ah-trah-pay” The phrase can mean “I caught” as in “I caught a ball” but it can also be used to say “I caught a cold”

Here’s a word that can go with “j’ai attrapé”:

un rhume It means “a cold” as in the illness You pronounce it “an(g) room”

How would you say this in French?

I’ve caught a cold.

I’ve caught a cold. J’ai attrapé un rhume.

Remember how the word “encore” can be used to mean “again”. Well, how would you say this in French?

I’ve caught a cold again.

I’ve caught a cold again. J’ai attrapé encore un rhume.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve caught a small cold.

I’ve caught a small cold. J’ai attrapé un petit rhume.

Here’s another word that can go with “j’ai attrapé”:

la grippe It means “the flu” You pronounce it “la greep”

How would you say this in French?

I’ve caught the flu.

I’ve caught the flu. J’ai attrapé la grippe.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve caught the flu again.

I’ve caught the flu again. J’ai attrapé encore la grippe.

How would you say this in French?

The flu is terrible.

The flu is terrible. La grippe est terrible.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai mal à… – I’ve hurt my… je me suis cassé… – I’ve broken my… un médicament – some medicine / any medicine j’ai attrapé – I’ve caught un rhume – a cold la grippe – the flu

This next phrase is a nice phrase in French:

je me sens It means “I feel” You pronounce it “jsheugh meugh son(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I feel well.

I feel well. Je me sens bien.

How would you say this in French?

I feel very well.

I feel very well. Je me sens très bien.

How would you say this in French?

I feel very well today, thank you.

I feel very well today, thank you. Je me sens très bien aujourd’hui, merci.

How would you say this in French?

I feel terrible.

I feel terrible. Je me sens terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I feel absolutely terrible.

I feel absolutely terrible. Je me sens absolument terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve caught the flu and I feel absolutely terrible.

I’ve caught the flu and I feel absolutely terrible. J’ai attrapé la rhume et je me sens absolument terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I feel fine today but I’ve caught a cold again.

I feel fine today but I’ve caught a cold again. Je me sens bien aujourd’hui mais j’ai attrapé encore un rhume.

This phrase is the negative version of “I feel”:

je ne me sens pas It means “I don’t feel” You pronounce it “jsheugh neugh meugh son(g) pah”

How would you say this in French?

I don’t feel well.

I don’t feel well. Je ne me sens pas bien.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t feel terrible but I don’t feel well today.

I don’t feel terrible but I don’t feel well today. Je ne me sens pas terrible mais je ne me sens pas bien aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t feel well; I’ve caught the flu.

I don’t feel well; I’ve caught the flu. Je ne me sens pas bien; j’ai attrapé la grippe.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t feel fantastic but I don’t feel terrible.

I don’t feel fantastic but I don’t feel terrible. Je ne me sens pas fantastique mais je ne me sens pas terrible.

Here is a final health related expression for this lesson:

malade It means “ill” You pronounce it “mah-lahd”

How would you say this in French?

I feel ill.

I feel ill. Je me sens malade.

How would you say this in French?

I feel very ill.

I feel very ill. Je me sens très malade.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t feel ill today.

I don’t feel ill today. Je ne me sens pas malade aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I am ill.

I am ill. Je suis malade.

How would you say this in French?

Are you ill?

Are you ill? Êtes-vous malade?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is very ill today.

Pierre is very ill today. Pierre est très malade aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Marie was ill yesterday.

Marie was ill yesterday. Marie était malade hier.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai mal à… – I’ve hurt my… je me suis cassé… – I’ve broken my… un médicament – some medicine / any medicine j’ai attrapé – I’ve caught un rhume – a cold la grippe – the flu je me sens – I feel je ne me sens pas – I don’t feel malade – ill

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I feel very ill today but yesterday I ate some fish and it was terrible 2. I would like some medicine; I’ve caught a cold 3. I caught the flu yesterday but today I feel fine 4. Marie was very ill after dinner 5. Is he ill? 6. I’ve caught the flu again 7. I don’t feel very well; I’ve caught a cold 8. Do you have any medicine for a cold? 9. I’ve hurt my foot 10. I’ve broken my leg

1.

Je me sens très malade aujourd’hui mais hier j‘ai mangé du poisson et c’était terrible 2. Je voudrais un médicament ; j’ai attrapé un rhume 3. J’ai attrapé la grippe hier mais aujourd’hui je me sens bien 4. Marie était très malade après le dîner 5. Est-il malade ? 6. J’ai attrapé encore la grippe 7. Je ne me sens pas très bien ; j’ai attrapé un rhume 8. Avez-vous un médicament pour un rhume ? 9. J’ai mal au pied 10. Je me suis cassé la jambe

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je me suis cassé le nez hier 2. J’ai mal à la jambe 3. J’ai mal à l’œil 4. Je vais prendre un médicament maintenant 5. Voulez-vous un médicament ? 6. Est-elle malade ? Elle n’est pas ici aujourd’hui 7. J’ai attrapé un rhume de Marie 8. J’ai attrapé encore la grippe de Pierre 9. Je ne me sens pas trop bien aujourd’hui 10. Je me sens fantastique maintenant

1. I broke my nose yesterday 2. I’ve hurt my leg 3. I’ve hurt my eye 4. I’m going to take some medicine now 5. Do you want some medicine? 6. Is she ill? She isn’t here today 7. I’ve caught a cold from Marie 8. I’ve caught the flu from Pierre again 9. I don’t feel too well today 10. I feel fantastic now

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. What do you want to do later ? 2. Are you going to hire a car for the week ? 3. The television doesn’t work 4. Can I change it, please ? 5. That is very beautiful but I prefer the yellow car 6. Yes, I like it 7. It’s perfect for you 8. Do you want to go there today ? 9. I’m going with Pierre 10. Excuse me, how much is it for three one-way tickets for Calais ?

1. Que voulez-vous faire plus tard? 2. Allez-vous louer une voiture pour la semaine? 3. La télévision ne marche pas 4. Puis-je le changer, s’il vous plaît? 5. Ça c’est très belle mais je préfère la voiture jaune 6. Oui, je l’aime 7. C’est parfait pour vous 8. Voulez-vous aller là aujourd’hui? 9. Je vais avec Pierre 10. Excusez-moi, c’est combien pour trois allers simples pour Calais?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. 2.

Quelle est l’adresse de l’hôtel? Je vais commander un taxi pour plus tard. Quelle est l’adresse de Lionel? 3. La voiture de Marie est très belle 4. J’aime le manteau de Pierre 5. J’aime ça, je vais commander la même chose 6. Je ne vais pas l’essayer; j’ai commandé la même chose hier 7. Puis-je avoir encore deux billets, s’il vous plaît? 8. J’ai mangé trop de chocolat 9. Avez-vous plus de biscuits? 10. Je l’aime mais ce n’est pas parfait

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What is the hotel’s address ? I’m going to order a taxi for later. What’s Lionel’s address? Marie’s car is very beautiful I like Pierre’s coat I like that, I’m going to order the same thing I’m not going to try it; I ordered the same thing yesterday Can I have another two tickets, please? (two more tickets) I’ve eaten too much chocolate Do you have any more biscuits? I like it but it isn’t perfect

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I'm called 2. I’m going 3. the same thing as me 4. wasn't 5. I ordered 6. Mrs 7. the same thing as Pierre 8. he is 9. I’m doing well 10. I am 11. some/any medicine 12. (to) change 13. Mr 14. the same thing as you 15. how 16. what 17. I don't feel 18. if it's possible 19. are you going? 20. busy 21. (to) change it 22. the same thing as him 23. I feel 24. (to) make/do it 25. tired 26. (to) order 27. yesterday 28. the same thing 29. (to) eat 30. I ate / I've eaten 31. is she?

32. I have 33. now 34. I have reserved / I have booked 35. I've hurt my… 36. I've broken my… 37. another (a different type) 38. (to) try it 39. it was 40. for you 41. is he? 42. today 43. she isn't 44. ill 45. how are you? 46. another (the same type) / again 47. in the name of 48. the flu 49. I’m not going 50. in a hurry 51. (to) drink 52. later 53. he isn't 54. do you want? 55. a cold 56. the same thing as her 57. was 58. I've caught 59. fine / well 60. it wasn't 61. Miss 62. she is 63. I'm not 64. are you?

1. je m'appelle 2. je vais 3. la même chose que moi 4. n'était pas 5. j'ai commandé 6. madame (Mme.) 7. la même chose que Pierre 8. il est 9. je vais bien 10. Je suis 11. un médicament 12. changer 13. monsieur (M.) 14. la même chose que vous 15. comment 16. que 17. je ne me sens pas 18. si c'est possible 19. allez-vous? 20. occupé 21. le changer 22. la même chose que lui 23. je me sens 24. le faire 25. fatigué 26. commander 27. hier 28. la même chose 29. manger 30. j'ai mangé 31. est-elle? 32. j'ai 33. maintenant 34. j'ai réservé 35. j'ai mal à…

36. je me suis cassé… 37. un/une autre 38. l'essayer 39. c'était 40. pour vous 41. est-il? 42. aujourd'hui 43. elle n'est pas 44. malade 45. comment allez-vous? 46. encore 47. sous le nom de 48. la grippe 49. je ne vais pas 50. pressé 51. boire 52. plus tard 53. il n'est pas 54. voulez-vous? 55. un rhume 56. la même chose qu'elle 57. était 58. j'ai attrapé 59. bien 60. ce n'était pas 61. mademoiselle (Mlle) 62. elle est 63. je ne suis pas 64. êtes-vous?

Vocabulary Expansion Sections

Les parties du corps Parts of the body la tête

the head

les cheveux the hair le front the forehead la tempe the temple le visage the face un œil an eye les yeux the eyes une paupière an eyelid un sourcil an eyebrow un cil an eyelash le nez the nose une narine a nostril le septum the septum la joue the cheek la bouche the mouth la lèvre the lip la dent the tooth une molaire a molar une prémolaire a premolar une incisive an incisor une canine a canine la gencive the gums les amygdales the tonsils la langue the tongue la mâchoire the jaw la mandibule the jawbone une oreille an ear un lobe de l’oreille an earlobe l’oreille interne the inner ear l’oreille externe the outer ear

le tympan the eardrum le cou the neck la pomme d’Adam the Adam’s apple la gorge the throat la nuque the nape le menton the chin un double menton a double chin

le haut du corps

the upper body

la poitrine the chest la clavicule the collar-bone le torse/buste the torso un sein a breast le ventre the belly/tummy le nombril the bellybutton/naval la taille the waist un bras an arm une épaule a shoulder une omoplate a shoulder blade un coude an elbow l’avant-bras the forearm le haut du bras the upper arm le nerf ulnaire the funny bone un poignet a wrist une main a hand la plaume the palm un doigt a finger le petit doigt the little /pinky finger l’annulaire the ring finger le majeur the middle finger l’index the index finger le pouce the thumb l’articulation (du doigt) the knuckle la jointure (du doigt) the knuckle un ongle a fingernail l’ongle du pouce the thumbnail le dos the back le bas du dos the lower back

les members inférieurs

the lower body

une jambe a leg un genou a knee une rotule a knee-cap une cheville an ankle un pied a foot un orteil/ un doigt de pied a toe le gros orteil the big toe le petit orteil the little toe une cuisse a thigh un mollet a calf les fesses the buttocks un talon a heel un tibia a shin

le squelette

the skeleton

un os a bone le crâne the skull la boîte crânienne the cranium la mandibule the mandible la colonne vertébrale the spinal column les vertèbres the vertebrae la clavicule the clavicle/ collarbone le manubrium the manubrium la scapula the scapula le sternum the sternum les côtes the ribs la cage thoracique the rib cage l’humérus the humerus l’ulna/le cubitus the ulna le radius the radius la ceinture pelvienne the pelvic girdle le sacrum the sacrum le coccyx the coccyx les carpiens the carpals les métacarpiens the metacarpals les phalanges the phalanges le femur the femur la rotule (du genou) the patella le tibia the tibia le péroné the fibula les tarses the tarsals les métatarses the metatarsals la hanche the hip le os iliaque/coxal the hip bone une articulation a joint

les muscles

the muscles

le deltoïde the deltoid les pectoraux (les pecs) the pectorals (pecs) les dorsaux the dorsals les abdominaux (les abdos) the abs les obliques the obliques les quadriceps the quadriceps les mollets the calves la coiffe des rotateurs the rotator cuff les biceps the biceps les triceps the triceps les tendons du jarret the hamstrings

les organes

the organs

la circulation sanguine the circulatory system le sang the blood le cœur the heart une veine a vein une artère an artery un capillaire a capillary le système digestif the digestive system l’intestin grêle the small intestine le gros intestine the large intestine l’estomac the stomach le colon the colon le rectum the rectum la vésicule biliaire the gall bladder le pancréas the pancreas les entrailles the bowels le vessie the bladder un rein a kidney le système respiratoire the respiratory system un poumon a lung le cerveau the brain le foie the liver les muscles the muscles un nerf a nerve la peau the skin l’utérus the uterus la rate the spleen le larynx the larynx les glandes the glands les bronches the bronchi une tryroïde a thyroid l’anus the anus l’hypothalamus the hypothalamus un ganglion lymphatique a lymph node

la moelle épinière the spinal cord l’appendice the appendix l’oesophage the oesophagus les oranganes génitaux the genitals la trachée the trachea l’urètre the urethra

Des médicaments Medicine à l’hôpital

at the hospital

la salle d’attente the waiting room le service des urgences A&E urgences emergencies un fauteuil roulant a wheelchair des béquilles some crutches une canne a walking stick/cane un cliché (radiographique) an X-ray la perfusion intraveineuse intravenous drip une ordonnance a prescription une piqûre an injection dans le plâtre in plaster un pharmacien a pharmacist un médecin a doctor un infirmier/une infirmière a nurse un médecin généraliste a GP un(e) chirurgien(ne) a surgeon un dentiste a dentist une ambulance an ambulance la sirène the siren un bassin hygiénique a bedpan un IRM an MRI scan une analyse de sang a blood test une analyse sanguine a blood test une échographie an ultrasound la tension (artérielle) the blood pressure la sale d’opération the operating theatre les point de suture the stitches un cathéter/ une sonde a catheter un haricot a kidney dish une bassine a bowl

un pistolet a urine bottle une couche a nappy/diaper des balances weighing scales un brancard/ une civière a stretcher un brancardier a hospital porter une aiguille a needle une seringue a syringe une vaccination a vaccination un vaccin antigrippal a flu shot le vaccin ROR the MMR vaccine

les pilules

the pills

un comprimé/ un cachet a tablet une gélule a capsule des gouttes some drops de la pommade some ointment le sirop the syrup un suppositoire a suppository un paracétamol a paracetamol une aspirine an aspirin de l’ibuprofène some ibuprofen un analgésique a painkiller une pastille a lozenge une pastille pour la toux a cough sweet un laxatif a laxative un antihistaminique an antihistamine

la trousse de secours et plus the first aid kit and more un bandage/pansement a bandage/dressing un pansement adhésif a plaster/band-aid un sparadrap a plaster/band-aid un pansement oculaire an eye pad une gaze a gauze pad une écharpe a sling un garrot/ une ligature a tourniquet une attelle/ une éclisse a splint des gants en latex some latex gloves une solution saline a saline solution de l’antiseptique some antiseptic une paire de ciseaux a pair of scissors une pince (à épiler) tweezers un briquette lighter de l’alcool some alcohol des lunettes protectrices some goggles un tablier an apron une masque a facemask une seringue d’irrigation an irrigation syringe une lampe de poche a torch/ a flashlight de l’alcool denature rubbing alcohol un thermomètre a thermometer une couverture de survie a space blanket un coton-tige a cotton bud solute de réhydratation rehydration salts du gel d’Aloe vera some aloe vera gel des lunettes glasses/spectacles des lentilles (de contact) contact lenses la solution pour lentilles de contact contact lens solution une pommade à lèvres a lip balm

Des maladies Illnesses AVOIR – TO HAVE You can use all these illnesses with any form of the verb “avoir”, which means “to have” (so, phrases such as: j’ai (I have) and avez-vous (do you have)) For example: j’ai de l’arthrite – I have arthritis

de l’arthrite arthritis mal aux dents toothache mal à l’estomac stomachache mal à la tête a headache mal à l’oreille earache la diarrhée diarrhoea de la toux a cough de la fièvre a fever la grippe the flu des engeleurs frostbite un rhume des foins hay fever les sinus bouchés blocked sinuses la varicelle chicken pox la rougeole the measles la rubéole German measles la grippe aviaire bird flu la grippe porcin swine flu des brûlures d’estomac heartburn des hémorroïdes haemorrhoids/piles le mal des transports travel sick(ness) le nez qui coule a runny nose la goutte au nez a runny nose la coqueluche whooping cough mal partout ache all over froid cold/ chilly le vertige dizzy chaud hot

le mal de mer seasick un cancer cancer

ÊTRE – TO BE You can use all these illnesses with any form of the verb “être”, which means “to be” (so, phrases such as: je suis (I am) and êtes-vous (are you)) For example: je suis enceinte – I am pregnant

enceinte pregnant fatigué tired étourdi lightheaded pris de vertige dizzy sous le coup du décalage horaire constipé constipated brûlé par le soleil sunburned malade ill/sick nauséeux nauseous faible feeling faint asthmatique asthmatic enrhumé full of cold diabétique diabetic insomniaque insomniac

jetlagged

des verbes

some verbs

faire de l’hypertension to have high blood pressure faire de l’hypotension to have low blood pressure vomir to throw up saigner to bleed frissonner/ trembler to shiver/ tremble s’évanouir to faint éternuer to sneeze tousser to cough se moucher to blow one’s nose tomber to fall (over) casser to break

être allergique

to be allergic

à l’aspirine to aspirin à l’iode to iodine à la pénicilline to penicillin aux chiens to dogs aux chevaux to horses aux chats to cats à la forrure to fur à l’arachide to peanuts aux fruits à coque to nuts aux fruits à coque et à l’arachide aux fruits de mer to seafood

to all nuts

les phobies

phobias

l’arachnophobie arachnophobia l’acrophobie acrophobia l’agoraphobie agoraphobia la claustrophobie claustrophobia j’ai peur… I’m scared… des chiens of dogs de voler of flying de mourir of dying des araignées of spiders des oiseaux of birds des souris of mice des rats of rats des chauves-souris of bats

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirty-three to thirty-five of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirty-six to thirty-eight, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Twitter, Facebook or Instagram: www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages If you liked this book, you might also like my other language course series: 3 Minute Languages The 3 Minute Languages courses are perfect for the complete beginner. They will get you speaking a language from scratch, assuming you know absolutely nothing. You will be amazed at how quickly you’re able to put sentences together. And you will memorise new words and phrases easily without even trying. Click the links below to access the audio copies of my 3 Minute Languages courses on SkillShare: 3 Minute French - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4

3 Minute Spanish - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute Italian - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 | Course 4 3 Minute German - Course 1 | Course 2 | Course 3 3 Minute Portuguese - Course 1 | Course 2 Building Structures The Building Structures courses are a revolutionary way to look at foreign language acquisition; you will learn how any language can be broken down into around fifteen structures. Each course focuses on a different structure, and you will learn how to form it, make it negative and turn it into a question. Each structure gives you a huge amount to say, and once you’ve learnt all fifteen structures, you will know everything about the language. All you have to do is fill in the gaps with words to form a sentence. These courses are for students who are slightly familiar with the language, and what to boost their progress. Click the links below to access the audio versions of my Building Structures courses on SkillShare: Building Structures in French - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Building Structures in Italian - Structure 1 | Structure 2 Building Structures in German - Structure 1 | Structure 2 | Structure 3 Quick Guides The Quick Guides are grammar guides. I recommend these for students who have already been learning the language, and would like to accelerate your learning. The Quick Guides are perfect for anybody who wants an indepth look at a specific grammar point within the language. Click the links below to access the Quick Guides courses: French - Verbs 1

Spanish - Verbs 1 German - Verbs 1 You can get the audio versions of my 3 Minute Languages books on Udemy and SkillShare. If you use the links below, you can get the audio courses for a discounted price on Udemy, or you can access them free for two months on SkillShare: UDEMY https://www.udemy.com/3-minute-french-course-4/?couponCode=KINDLE SKILLSHARE https://skl.sh/2rM7IFa Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 36 – 38 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 33-35”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 36 LESSON 37 LESSON 38 Family and friends Merci

LESSON 36 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I’ve hurt my… I’ve broken my… some medicine I’ve caught a cold the flu I feel I don’t feel ill If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s pick a verb as the first word for this lesson:

acheter It means “(to) buy” You pronounce it “ash-tay”

How would you ask this in French?

What do you want to buy?

What do you want to buy? Que voulez-vous acheter?

How would you say this in French?

What can I buy?

What can I buy? Que puis-je acheter?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy that.

I would like to buy that. Je voudrais acheter ça.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy that tomorrow.

I’m going to buy that tomorrow. Je vais acheter ça demain.

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to buy for Marie?

What are you going to buy for Marie? Qu’allez-vous acheter pour Marie?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy a bottle of wine for Pierre and Marie.

I’m going to buy a bottle of wine for Pierre and Marie. Je vais acheter une bouteille de vin pour Pierre et Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy dinner for you tonight.

I would like to buy dinner for you tonight. Je voudrais acheter le dîner pour vous ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy a coat.

I’m going to buy a coat. Je vais acheter un manteau.

If you put a little “le” in front of “acheter” then you get this:

l'acheter It means “(to) buy it” You pronounce it “lash-tay”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy it.

I would like to buy it. Je voudrais l’acheter.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to buy it?

Do you want to buy it? Voulez-vous l’acheter ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy it for Pierre tomorrow.

I’m going to buy it for Pierre tomorrow. Je vais l’acheter pour Pierre demain.

How would you say this in French?

Can I buy it for you?

Can I buy it for you? Puis-je l’acheter pour vous ?

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to buy it?

When are you going to buy it? Quand allez-vous l’acheter ?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to buy it?

Where are you going to buy it? Où allez-vous l’acheter ?

Here’s your next word in French:

cher It means “expensive” You pronounce it “share”

How would you say this in French?

It’s very expensive.

It’s very expensive. C’est très cher.

WORD LIST SO FAR acheter – (to) buy l’acheter – (to) buy it cher – expensive

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy it but it’s too expensive.

I would like to buy it but it’s too expensive. Je voudrais l’acheter mais c’est trop cher.

How would you say this in French?

It’s too expensive for me.

It’s too expensive for me. C’est trop cher pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t expensive.

It isn’t expensive. Ce n’est pas cher.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to hire a car but it’s very expensive.

I would like to hire a car but it’s very expensive. Je voudrais louer une voiture mais c’est très cher.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to eat here but it’s too expensive for me.

I would like to eat here but it’s too expensive for me. Je voudrais manger ici mais c’est trop cher pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s too expensive.

I think it’s too expensive. Pour moi, c’est trop cher.

Here’s a useful word in French:

quelque chose It means “something” You pronounce it “kel-keugh-shoze”

So, how would you say this in French?

I have something for you.

I have something for you. J’ai quelque chose pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

Can you buy something for Pierre?

Can you buy something for Pierre? Pouvez-vous acheter quelque chose pour Pierre ?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy something here.

I would like to buy something here. Je voudrais acheter quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy something here for Marie but everything is too expensive.

I would like to buy something here for Marie but everything is too expensive. Je voudrais acheter quelque chose ici pour Marie mais tout est trop cher.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have something for me?

Do you have something for me? Avez-vous quelque chose pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to buy something for Pierre?

Are you going to buy something for Pierre? Allez-vous acheter quelque chose pour Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Can you buy something for me?

Can you buy something for me? Pouvez-vous acheter quelque chose pour moi?

Here’s a useful thing to buy if you’re ever on holiday:

une carte postale It means “a postcard” You pronounce it “oon kart post-al”

How would you say this in French?

Where can I buy a postcard?

Where can I buy a postcard? Où puis-je acheter une carte postale?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any postcards?

Do you have any postcards? Avez-vous des cartes postales ?

How would you say this in French?

The postcards here are very beautiful.

The postcards here are very beautiful. Les cartes postales ici sont très belles.

How would you say this in French?

How much is a postcard?

How much is a postcard? C’est combien une carte postale?

How would you say this in French?

I would like a postcard of Paris.

I would like a postcard from Paris. Je voudrais une carte postale de Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy a postcard.

I’m going to buy a postcard. Je vais acheter une carte postale.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to buy a postcard from Marseille for me?

Are you going to buy a postcard from Marseille for me? Allez-vous acheter une carte postale de Marseille pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

The postcard is from Marie.

The postcard is from Marie. La carte postale est de Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to buy a postcard.

I’m not going to buy a postcard. Je ne vais pas acheter une carte postale.

You’ll need these if you want to post your “carte postale”:

des timbres It means “some stamps” or “any stamps” You pronounce it “day tam-br”

How would you ask this in French?

Do you have any stamps?

Do you have any stamps? Avez-vous des timbres?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy four stamps, please.

I would like to buy four stamps, please. Je voudrais acheter quatre timbres, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French? Just remember that you can change the word “des”, which means some/any, to “les”, which means “the”.

Where are the stamps?

Where are the stamps? Où sont les timbres ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy some stamps for my postcard.

I’m going to buy some stamps for my postcard. Je vais acheter des timbres pour ma carte postale.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for three stamps?

How much is it for three stamps? C’est combien pour trois timbres ?

How would you say this in French?

The stamps are here.

The stamps are here. Les timbres sont ici.

How would you say this in French?

Where can I buy some stamps?

Where can I buy some stamps? Où puis-je acheter des timbres?

How would you say this in French?

I would like three stamps.

I would like three stamps. Je voudrais trois timbres.

This word is identical in French and English:

un souvenir It means “a souvenir” You pronounce it “an(g) soo-veugh-neer”

How would you say this in French?

Where can I buy a souvenir?

Where can I buy a souvenir? Où puis-je acheter un souvenir?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy a souvenir for Marie.

I would like to buy a souvenir for Marie. Je voudrais acheter un souvenir pour Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy a souvenir from La Rochelle.

I’m going to buy a souvenir from La Rochelle. Je vais acheter un souvenir de La Rochelle.

How would you say this in French?

The souvenirs here are very expensive.

The souvenirs here are very expensive. Les souvenirs ici sont très chers.

How would you say this in French?

How much is a souvenir?

How much is a souvenir? C’est combien un souvenir ?

How would you say this in French?

Where are the souvenirs?

Where are the souvenirs? Où sont les souvenirs ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to buy a souvenir for me?

Are you going to get a souvenir for me? Allez-vous acheter un souvenir pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any souvenirs?

Do you have any souvenirs? Avez-vous des souvenirs?

Now this last phrase is somebody you might like to buy a souvenir for:

ma mère It means “my mum” You pronounce it “mah mair”

So, how would you say this in French?

I would like to buy a souvenir for my mum.

I would like to buy a souvenir for my mum. Je voudrais acheter un souvenir pour ma mère.

How would you say this in French?

Where is my mum?

Where is my mum? Où est ma mère ?

Family members I’ve put a vocabulary expansion section at the end of this lesson with a list of family members in French. If it’s a masculine family member, the word for “my” will be “mon”. If it’s a feminine family member, the word for “my” will be “ma”. If it’s more than one family member (e.g. my parents) the word for “my” will be “mes”.

How would you say this in French?

My mum is here tomorrow.

My mum is here tomorrow. Ma mère est ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

I have ordered a pizza for my mum.

I have ordered a pizza for my mum. J’ai commandé une pizza pour ma mère.

How would you say this in French?

I have something for my mum but she isn’t here.

I have something for my mum but she isn’t here. J’ai quelque chose pour ma mère mais elle n’est pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

My mum is in France.

My mum is in France. Ma mère est en France.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to have dinner with my mum tonight.

I’m going to have dinner with my mum tonight. Je vais prendre le dîner avec ma mère ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

My mum is here.

My mum is here. Ma mère est ici.

How would you say this in French?

My mum isn’t here.

My mum isn’t here. Ma mère n’est pas ici.

WORD LIST SO FAR acheter – (to) buy l’acheter – (to) buy it cher – expensive quelque chose – something une carte postale – a postcard des timbres – some stamps / any stamps un souvenir – a souvenir ma mère – my mum

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to buy something for my wife

2.

I have something for my daughter

3.

I’m going to buy something for my dad

4.

Do you have any stamps?

5.

How much is a postcard?

6.

I’d like to buy something here for my sister, but everything is too expensive for me

7.

Can I buy some stamps, please?

8.

I have something for my mum

9.

Can I buy a postcard here?

10. I’m going to buy a souvenir for my friend

1.

Je voudrais acheter quelque chose pour ma femme

2.

J’ai quelque chose pour ma fille

3.

Je vais acheter quelque chose pour mon père

4.

Avez-vous des timbres?

5.

C’est combien une carte postale?

6.

Je voudrais acheter quelque chose ici pour ma sœur, mais tout est trop cher pour moi

7.

Puis-je acheter des timbres, s’il vous plaît?

8.

J’ai quelque chose pour ma mère

9.

Puis-je acheter une carte postale ici?

10. Je vais acheter un souvenir pour mon ami

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Où puis-je acheter une carte postale? 2. Où puis-je acheter un souvenir? 3. J’ai quelque chose pour Pierre 4. Ҫa c’est trop cher 5. Je voudrais l’acheter pour mes grands-parents 6. Voulez-vous acheter quelque chose ici? 7. J’ai quelque chose pour mon cousin 8. C’est trop cher pour moi 9. Je voudrais acheter ce manteau rouge 10. Pour moi, c’est absolument trop cher

1. Where can I buy a postcard? 2. Where can I buy a souvenir? 3. I have something for Pierre 4. That is too expensive 5. I would like to buy it for my grandparents 6. Do you want to buy something here? 7. I have something for my cousin 8. It’s too expensive for me 9. I would like to buy this red coat 10. I think it’s absolutely too expensive

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I’d like the same thing as Pierre

2.

Are you going to the hotel?

3.

What do you want to eat?

4.

I’ve broken my toe

5.

I’m going to order now

6.

What are you going to drink?

7.

Are you going to do the same thing as me?

8.

I’ve got a stomach ache

9.

I’m not tired

10. Are you going to have lunch here?

1.

Je voudrais la même chose que Pierre

2.

Allez-vous à l’hôtel?

3.

Que voulez-vous manger?

4.

Je me suis cassé l’orteil

5.

Je vais commander maintenant

6.

Qu’allez-vous boire?

7.

Allez-vous faire la même chose que moi?

8.

J’ai mal à l’estomac

9.

Je ne suis pas fatigué

10. Allez-vous prendre le déjeuner ici?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Pouvez-vous acheter du fromage à l’aéroport? 2. Où était Pierre hier? 3. Où voulez-vous prendre le dîner plus tard? 4. Je vais au restaurant 5. Puis-je manger ҫa? 6. Que voulez-vous boire? 7. Je vais appeler Marie 8. Je vais à Marseille demain 9. Êtes-vous pressé? 10. J’ai mal à la main

1. Can you buy some cheese at the airport? 2. Where was Pierre yesterday? 3. Where do you want to have dinner later? 4. I’m going to the restaurant 5. Can I eat that? 6. What do you want to drink? 7. I’m going to call Marie 8. I’m going to Marseille tomorrow 9. Are you in a hurry? 10. I’ve hurt my hand

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I've hurt my… 2. if it's possible 3. I’m going 4. she is 5. a cold 6. it was 7. I have 8. (to) make/do it 9. (to) buy 10. I ordered 11. is he? 12. in a hurry 13. the same thing as Pierre 14. some stamps / any stamps 15. how 16. the same thing as me 17. what 18. I don't feel 19. is she? 20. expensive 21. do you want?

22. some/any medicine 23. today 24. how are you? 25. (to) eat 26. another (a different type) 27. now 28. I'm not 29. I have reserved / I have booked 30. in the name of 31. I feel 32. the same thing as you 33. was 34. something 35. it wasn't 36. Mr 37. tired 38. the same thing as her 39. she isn't 40. (to) order 41. I’m not going 42. the same thing as him 43. I am 44. (to) try it

45. ill 46. the same thing 47. I’m doing well 48. Mrs 49. are you? 50. I'm called 51. I ate / I've eaten 52. a souvenir 53. (to) change 54. I've caught 55. the flu 56. later 57. he is 58. busy 59. Miss 60. (to) buy it 61. I've broken my… 62. (to) drink 63. another (the same type) / again 64. my mum 65. are you going? 66. yesterday 67. a postcard

68. (to) change it 69. wasn't 70. for you 71. he isn't 72. fine / well

1. j'ai mal à… 2. si c'est possible 3. je vais 4. elle est 5. un rhume 6. c'était 7. j'ai 8. le faire 9. acheter 10. j'ai commandé 11. est-il? 12. pressé 13. la même chose que Pierre 14. des timbres 15. comment 16. la même chose que moi 17. que 18. je ne me sens pas 19. est-elle? 20. cher 21. voulez-vous? 22. un médicament 23. aujourd'hui

24. comment allez-vous? 25. manger 26. un/une autre 27. maintenant 28. je ne suis pas 29. j'ai réservé 30. sous le nom de 31. je me sens 32. la même chose que vous 33. était 34. quelque chose 35. ce n'était pas 36. monsieur (M.) 37. fatigué 38. la même chose qu'elle 39. elle n'est pas 40. commander 41. je ne vais pas 42. la même chose que lui 43. Je suis 44. l'essayer 45. malade 46. la même chose

47. je vais bien 48. madame (Mme.) 49. êtes-vous? 50. je m'appelle 51. j'ai mangé 52. un souvenir 53. changer 54. j'ai attrapé 55. la grippe 56. plus tard 57. il est 58. occupé 59. mademoiselle (Mlle) 60. l'acheter 61. je me suis cassé… 62. boire 63. encore 64. ma mère 65. allez-vous? 66. hier 67. une carte postale 68. le changer 69. n'était pas

70. pour vous 71. il n'est pas 72. bien

LESSON 37 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? (to) buy (to) buy it expensive something a postcard some stamps a souvenir my mum If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, we’ve already learnt this word:

quelque chose It means “something” You pronounce it “kel-keugh-shoze”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to eat something.

I would like to eat something. Je voudrais manger quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to buy something?

Are you going to buy something? Allez-vous acheter quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

Can I have something?

Can I have something? Puis-je avoir quelque chose?

Well, let’s add a little extra to the end of it:

quelque chose de la région It means “something from the region” You pronounce it “kel-keugh-shoze deugh lah ray-jshon(g)”

So, how would you say this in French?

I would like something from the region.

I would like something from the region. Je voudrais quelque chose de la région.

How would you say this in French?

Where can I buy something from the region?

Where can I buy something from the region? Où puis-je acheter quelque chose de la région?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy something from the region for Sophie.

I’m going to buy something from the region for Sophie. Je vais acheter quelque chose de la région pour Sophie.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want something from the region?

Do you want something from the region? Voulez-vous quelque chose de la région ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to buy something from the region?

Are you going to buy something from the region? Allez-vous acheter quelque chose de la région ?

You can take the “de la région” part and put it onto other things too:

de la région It means “from the region” You pronounce it “deugh lah ray-jshon(g)”

So, how would you say this in French?

I would like to try some wine from the region.

I would like to try some wine from the region. Je voudrais essayer du vin de la région.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any cheese from the region?

Do you have any cheese from the region? Avez-vous du fromage de la région?

How would you say this in French?

It’s from the region of Provence.

It’s from the region of Provence. C’est de la région de Provence.

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to buy from the region?

What are you going to buy from the region? Qu’allez-vous acheter de la région?

How would you say this in French?

I would like a souvenir from the region.

I would like a souvenir from the region. Je voudrais un souvenir de la région.

You can put any adjective on the end of “quelque chose” with the help of the little word “de”:

quelque chose de + adjective It means “something + adjective”

Something tasty So, in French, if you want to say “something tasty”, you have to put a “de” after the word for “something” and before the word for “tasty”. So, what you’re literally saying is “something of tasty”.

quelque chose de délicieux something tasty

quelque chose de bon something good

quelque chose d’extraordinaire something extraordinary

How would you say this in French?

I would like something tasty (delicious).

I would like something tasty. Je voudrais quelque chose de délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to try something different. (différent)

I would like to try something different. Je voudrais essayer quelque chose de différent.

How would you say this in French?

Where can I buy something expensive?

Where can I buy something expensive? Où puis-je acheter quelque chose de cher?

How would you say this in French?

I’ve caught something terrible.

I’ve caught something terrible. J’ai attrapé quelque chose de terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I have something good for you.

I have something good for you. J’ai quelque chose de bon pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want something small?

Do you want something small? Voulez-vous quelque chose de petit?

Here’s your last phrase for this lesson:

quelque chose de français It means “something French” You pronounce it “kell-keugh-shoze deugh fron-say”

How would you say this in French?

Can I try something French today?

Can I try something French today? Puis-je essayer quelque chose de français aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to order something French.

I’m going to order something French. Je vais commander quelque chose de français.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to eat something French.

I would like to eat something French. Je voudrais manger quelque chose de français.

How would you say this in French?

I ordered something French, not a pizza.

I ordered something French, not a pizza. J’ai commandé quelque chose de français, non pas une pizza.

How would you say this in French?

I would like something French.

I would like something French. Je voudrais quelque chose de franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to have something French?

Are you going to have something French? (food) Allez-vous prendre quelque chose de franҫais?

WORD LIST SO FAR quelque chose de la région – something from the region quelque chose de + adjective – something + adjective quelque chose de bon – something good quelque chose de français – something French

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s something fantastic

2.

I’m not going to eat something French today; I would like a pizza

3.

I would like to buy something from the region for my family

4.

Do you want to eat something French?

5.

I would like to buy something good, but everything’s too expensive

6.

I ordered something French, not a pizza!

7.

I would like to try something French today

8.

What are you going to try from the region?

9.

Where can I eat something delicious?

10. I ate something French yesterday

1.

C’est quelque chose de fantastique

2.

Je ne vais pas manger quelque chose de franҫais aujourd’hui; je voudrais une pizza

3.

Je voudrais acheter quelque chose de la région pour ma famille

4.

Voulez-vous manger quelque chose de franҫais?

5.

Je voudrais acheter quelque chose de bon, mais tout est trop cher

6.

J’ai commandé quelque chose de franҫais, non pas une pizza!

7.

Je voudrais essayer quelque chose de franҫais aujourd’hui

8.

Qu’allez-vous essayer de la région?

9.

Où puis-je manger quelque chose de délicieux?

10. J’ai mangé quelque chose de franҫais hier

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Voulez-vous acheter quelque chose de la région? 2. J’ai attrapé quelque chose de terrible 3. Je vais commander quelque chose de français 4. Que puis-je acheter de la région? 5. Je vais acheter quelque chose de fantastique pour ma mère 6. Je ne vais pas acheter quelque chose de très cher 7. Je voudrais quelque chose de plus grand 8. Avez-vous quelque chose de plus petit? 9. Où puis-je acheter un souvenir de la région? 10. Allez-vous acheter un souvenir de la région?

1. Do you want to buy something from the region? 2. I caught something terrible 3. I’m going to order something French 4. What can I buy from the region? 5. I’m going to buy something fantastic for my mum 6. I’m not going to buy something very expensive 7. I would like something bigger 8. Do you have something smaller? 9. Where can I buy a souvenir from the region? 10. Are you going to buy a souvenir from the region?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I’m going to the beach at 3 o’clock

2.

I’ve hurt my foot

3.

Which car can you hire?

4.

I would like to make a reservation

5.

Are you going to pay the bill?

6.

Where are you?

7.

What do you want to do at Marie’s house?

8.

I’m not going to the beach; I’m too tired

9.

I’m not going to Pierre’s house; I’m too busy

10. I’ve hurt my leg

1.

Je vais à la plage à trois heures

2.

J’ai mal au pied

3.

Quelle voiture pouvez-vous louer?

4.

Je voudrais faire une réservation

5.

Allez-vous payer l’addition?

6.

Où êtes-vous?

7.

Que voulez-vous faire chez Marie?

8.

Je ne vais pas à la plage; je suis trop fatigué

9.

Je ne vais pas chez Pierre; je suis trop occupé

10. J’ai mal à la jambe

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Allez-vous commander le vin? 2. À quelle heure voulez-vous manger? 3. J’ai un café pour vous ici 4. Je ne suis pas ici demain 5. Voulez-vous boire la même chose que moi? 6. La réservation est sous le nom de Smith 7. Pierre n’est pas là 8. J’ai commandé pour Pierre 9. J’ai mal à l’estomac 10. Puis-je manger ça?

1. Are you going to order the wine? 2. What time do you want to eat? 3. I have a coffee for you here 4. I’m not here tomorrow 5. Do you want to drink the same thing as me? 6. The reservation is under the name of Smith 7. Pierre isn’t there 8. I’ve ordered for Pierre 9. I’ve got stomach ache 10. Can I eat that?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. the same thing as her 2. how 3. (to) buy it 4. I’m going 5. the same thing as me 6. I've hurt my… 7. busy 8. I’m not going 9. it wasn't 10. (to) change 11. for you 12. what 13. a souvenir 14. he isn't 15. (to) change it 16. (to) eat 17. (to) try it 18. something from the region 19. some/any medicine 20. something good 21. expensive 22. something 23. yesterday 24. I ordered 25. tired 26. it was 27. something + adjective 28. fine / well 29. a cold 30. the same thing as you 31. the flu 32. another (a different type) 33. are you? 34. (to) drink

35. now 36. (to) make/do it 37. he is 38. Mrs 39. she isn't 40. I don't feel 41. how are you? 42. is she? 43. my mum 44. I've caught 45. the same thing as Pierre 46. I have 47. the same thing as him 48. in a hurry 49. wasn't 50. another (the same type) / again 51. I’m doing well 52. some stamps / any stamps 53. I have reserved / I have booked 54. something French 55. later 56. if it's possible 57. Miss 58. do you want? 59. I'm not 60. in the name of 61. the same thing 62. I am 63. is he? 64. Mr 65. a postcard 66. I feel 67. was 68. I'm called 69. she is 70. (to) order 71. I've broken my…

72. today 73. ill 74. (to) buy 75. I ate / I've eaten 76. are you going?

1. la même chose qu'elle 2. comment 3. l'acheter 4. je vais 5. la même chose que moi 6. j'ai mal à… 7. occupé 8. je ne vais pas 9. ce n'était pas 10. changer 11. pour vous 12. que 13. un souvenir 14. il n'est pas 15. le changer 16. manger 17. l'essayer 18. quelque chose de la région 19. un médicament 20. quelque chose de bon 21. cher 22. quelque chose 23. hier 24. j'ai commandé 25. fatigué 26. c'était 27. quelque chose de + adjective 28. bien 29. un rhume 30. la même chose que vous 31. la grippe 32. un/une autre 33. êtes-vous? 34. boire 35. maintenant 36. le faire 37. il est

38. madame (Mme.) 39. elle n'est pas 40. je ne me sens pas 41. comment allez-vous? 42. est-elle? 43. ma mère 44. j'ai attrapé 45. la même chose que Pierre 46. j'ai 47. la même chose que lui 48. pressé 49. n'était pas 50. encore 51. je vais bien 52. des timbres 53. j'ai réservé 54. quelque chose de français 55. plus tard 56. si c'est possible 57. mademoiselle (Mlle) 58. voulez-vous? 59. je ne suis pas 60. sous le nom de 61. la même chose 62. Je suis 63. est-il? 64. monsieur (M.) 65. une carte postale 66. je me sens 67. était 68. je m'appelle 69. elle est 70. commander 71. je me suis cassé… 72. aujourd'hui 73. malade 74. acheter

75. j'ai mangé 76. allez-vous?

LESSON 38 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? something something from the region something + adjective something French If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful phrase you’ll hear quite a lot in France:

il y a It means “there is” or “there are” You pronounce it “ee-lee-yah”

How would you say this in French?

There is a postcard here.

There is a postcard here. Il y a une carte postale ici.

How would you say this in French?

There is a good restaurant here.

There is a good restaurant here. Il y a un bon restaurant ici.

How would you say this in French?

There is a supermarket there.

There is a supermarket there. Il y a un supermarché là.

How would you say this in French?

There is something very beautiful here.

There is something very beautiful here. Il y a quelque chose de très beau ici.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to eat here at the hotel tonight; there is a restaurant straight ahead where the food is delicious.

I’m not going to eat here at the hotel tonight; there is a restaurant straight ahead where the food is delicious. Je ne vais pas manger ici à l’hôtel ce soir; il y a un restaurant tout droit où la nourriture est délicieuse.

How would you say this in French?

There is a restaurant at the hotel.

There is a restaurant at the hotel. Il y a un restaurant à l’hôtel.

We can turn “il y a” into a question quite easily:

y a-t-il? It means “is there” or “are there” You pronounce it “eeya-teel”

How would you say this in French?

Is there a hotel here?

Is there a hotel here? Y a-t-il un hôtel ici?

How would you say this in French?

Is there a supermarket here?

Is there a supermarket here? Y a-t-il un supermarché ici?

How would you say this in French?

What is there?

What is there? Qu’y a-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

Is there something for me?

Is there something for me? Y a-t-il quelque chose pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Are there any stamps?

Are there any stamps? Y a-t-il des timbres?

WORD LIST SO FAR il y a – there is / there are y a-t-il? – is there? / are there?

Here’s your next phrase in French for this lesson:

près d’ici It means “near here” You pronounce it “pray dissy”

How would you say this in French?

It’s near here.

It’s near here. C’est près d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel is very near here.

The hotel is very near here. L’hôtel est très près d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t near here.

It isn’t near here. Ce n’est pas près d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

Is there a restaurant near here?

Is there a restaurant near here? Y a-t-il un restaurant près d’ici ?

How would you say this in French?

There is a supermarket near here.

There is a supermarket near here. Il y a un supermarché près d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

What is there near here?

What is there near here? Qu’y a-t-il près d’ici ?

How would you say this in French?

The carpark isn’t near here.

The carpark isn’t near here. Le parking n’est pas près d’ici.

Here’s another verb to add to your collection:

voir It means “(to) see” You pronounce it “vwar”

How would you say this in French?

Can I see the menu, please?

Can I see the menu, please? Puis-je voir le menu, s’il vous plaît ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to see it.

I’m going to see it. Je vais le voir.

How would you say this in French?

Can I see it?

Can I see it? Puis-je le voir ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to see Marie tomorrow?

Are you going to see Marie tomorrow? Allez-vous voir Marie demain?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to see Pierre?

What time are you going to see Pierre? À quelle heure allez-vous voir Pierre ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to see it.

I’m not going to see it. Je ne vais pas le voir.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to see the Eiffel Tower in Paris?

Are you going to see the Eiffel Tower in Paris? Allez-vous voir la Tour Eiffel à Paris ?

WORD LIST SO FAR il y a – there is / there are y a-t-il? – is there? / are there? près d’ici – near here voir – (to) see

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

What do you want to see at the town centre?

2.

There is a restaurant at the hotel, but it isn’t very good

3.

Is there a car park near here?

4.

Is there a book shop near here?

5.

Is there a good restaurant near here?

6.

There is a restaurant there

7.

There’s a postcard for you here

8.

There are too many people here today

9.

What are you going to see today?

10. What can I see here?

1.

Que voulez-vous voir au centre-ville?

2.

Il y a un restaurant à l’hôtel mais ce n’est pas très bon

3.

Y a-t-il un parking près d’ici?

4.

Y a-t-il une librairie près d’ici?

5.

Y a-t-il un bon restaurant près d’ici?

6.

Il y a un restaurant là

7.

Il y a une carte postale pour vous ici

8.

Il y a trop de personnes ici aujourd’hui

9.

Qu’allez-vous voir aujourd’hui?

10. Que puis-je voir ici?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Il y a un restaurant à l’hôtel 2. Je ne peux pas voir le restaurant 3. Le restaurant est très près d’ici 4. Il y a un restaurant tout droit 5. Il y a un bon restaurant là 6. Y a-t-il une bibliothèque près d’ici? 7. Je vais voir cela demain 8. Je ne peux pas le voir 9. Pouvez-vous le voir? 10. Que pouvez-vous voir?

1. There’s a restaurant at the hotel 2. I can’t see the restaurant 3. The restaurant is very near here 4. There’s a restaurant straight on 5. There’s a good restaurant there 6. Is there a library near here? 7. I’m going to see that tomorrow 8. I can’t see it 9. Can you see it? 10. What can you see?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I ate here yesterday and it was fantastic

2.

I’ve hurt my mouth

3.

I’m going to try some cheese

4.

Can you order a pizza for me, please?

5.

Yes, she is there

6.

When are you going to pay the bill?

7.

How much was the car?

8.

I’m not going to have dinner

9.

I’ve broken my arm

10. I would like to buy it

1.

J’ai mangé ici hier et c’était fantastique

2.

J’ai mal à la bouche

3.

Je vais essayer du fromage

4.

Pouvez-vous commander une pizza pour moi, s’il vous plaît?

5.

Oui, elle est là

6.

Quand allez-vous payer l’addition?

7.

C’était combien la voiture?

8.

Je ne vais pas prendre le dîner

9.

Je me suis cassé le bras

10. Je voudrais l’acheter

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je vais manger maintenant 2. Elle est au restaurant 3. Allez-vous à l’hôtel? 4. Allez-vous faire la même chose qu’hier? 5. Allez-vous commander un café? 6. Voulez-vous un café? 7. Je vais commander la même chose que Pierre 8. Puis-je payer plus tard? 9. Puis-je changer ma réservation? 10. Je vais à Marseille maintenant

1. I’m going to eat now 2. She is at the restaurant 3. Are you going to the hotel? 4. Are you going to do the same thing as yesterday? 5. Are you going to order a coffee? 6. Do you want a coffee? 7. I’m going to order the same thing as Pierre 8. Can I pay later? 9. Can I change my reservation? 10. I’m going to Marseille now

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. something good 2. I've broken my… 3. I'm not 4. I don't feel 5. (to) eat 6. it wasn't 7. something 8. fine / well 9. I have reserved / I have booked 10. the same thing as her 11. expensive 12. if it's possible 13. my mum 14. some/any medicine 15. the same thing as Pierre 16. I ordered 17. (to) order 18. the same thing as me 19. Miss 20. how 21. some stamps / any stamps

22. I ate / I've eaten 23. something French 24. how are you? 25. a cold 26. I've caught 27. was 28. something + adjective 29. are you? 30. she isn't 31. in a hurry 32. are you going? 33. what 34. busy 35. for you 36. I’m not going 37. it was 38. the same thing as you 39. the flu 40. (to) see 41. a souvenir 42. (to) change it 43. today 44. a postcard

45. I’m doing well 46. another (a different type) 47. the same thing as him 48. (to) buy 49. in the name of 50. there is / there are 51. the same thing 52. is there? / are there? 53. Mrs 54. do you want? 55. (to) try it 56. I have 57. another (the same type) / again 58. (to) make/do it 59. I'm called 60. wasn't 61. he is 62. (to) change 63. I feel 64. (to) buy it 65. (to) drink 66. yesterday 67. I’m going

68. near here 69. is he? 70. I am 71. something from the region 72. now 73. she is 74. tired 75. is she? 76. I've hurt my… 77. ill 78. later 79. Mr 80. he isn't

1. quelque chose de bon 2. je me suis cassé… 3. je ne suis pas 4. je ne me sens pas 5. manger 6. ce n'était pas 7. quelque chose 8. bien 9. j'ai réservé 10. la même chose qu'elle 11. cher 12. si c'est possible 13. ma mère 14. un médicament 15. la même chose que Pierre 16. j'ai commandé 17. commander 18. la même chose que moi 19. mademoiselle (Mlle) 20. comment 21. des timbres 22. j'ai mangé 23. quelque chose de français

24. comment allez-vous? 25. un rhume 26. j'ai attrapé 27. était 28. quelque chose de + adjective 29. êtes-vous? 30. elle n'est pas 31. pressé 32. allez-vous? 33. que 34. occupé 35. pour vous 36. je ne vais pas 37. c'était 38. la même chose que vous 39. la grippe 40. voir 41. un souvenir 42. le changer 43. aujourd'hui 44. une carte postale 45. je vais bien 46. un/une autre

47. la même chose que lui 48. acheter 49. sous le nom de 50. il y a 51. la même chose 52. y a-t-il? 53. madame (Mme.) 54. voulez-vous? 55. l'essayer 56. j'ai 57. encore 58. le faire 59. je m'appelle 60. n'était pas 61. il est 62. changer 63. je me sens 64. l'acheter 65. boire 66. hier 67. je vais 68. près d’ici 69. est-il?

70. Je suis 71. quelque chose de la région 72. maintenant 73. elle est 74. fatigué 75. est-elle? 76. j'ai mal à… 77. malade 78. plus tard 79. monsieur (M.) 80. il n'est pas

Vocabulary Expansion Section

La famille et les amis Family and friends la famille nucléaire

the nuclear family

ma mère my mother ma maman my mum mon père my father mon papa my dad mon frère my brother ma sœur my sister mes frères et sœurs my siblings mes parents my parents un parent isolé a single parent une mère célibataire a single mother un père célibataire a single father ma belle-mère my stepmother mon beau-père my stepfather le fils de mon beau-père my stepbrother (son of stepfather) le fils de ma belle-mère my stepbrother (son of stepmother) la fille de mon beau-père my stepsister (daughter of stepfather) la fille de ma belle-mère my stepsister (daughter of stepmother) mon demi-frère my half brother ma demi-sœur my half sister mon fils my son ma fille my daughter mon beau-fils my stepson ma belle-fille my stepdaughter mes enfants my children mon mari my husband ma femme my wife mon époux my spouse (man) mon épouse my spouse (woman) mon conjoint my partner (man) ma conjointe my partner (woman)

mon petit ami ma petite amie mon jumeau ma jumelle mon fiancé ma fiancée

my boyfriend my girlfriend my twin (boy) my twin (girl) my fiancé my fiancée

la famille élargie

the extended family

ma grand-mère my grandmother ma mamie my gran / grandma mon grand-père my grandfather mon papi my granddad mes grands-parents my grandparents mon oncle my uncle ma tante my aunt mon cousin my cousin (male) ma cousine my cousin (female) mon neveu my nephew ma niece my niece mon petit-fils my grandson ma petite-fille my granddaughter mes petits-enfants my grandchildren mon beau-frère my brother-in-law ma belle-sœur my sister-in-law ma belle-mère my mother-in-law mon beau-père my father-in-law mes beaux-parents my parents-in-law mon gendre my son-in-law ma belle-fille my daughter-in-law ma belle-famille my in-laws mon arrière-grand-père my great-grandfather mon arrière-grand-mère my great-grandmother mes arrière-grands-parents my great-grandparents

mon grand-oncle my great-uncle ma grand-tante my great-aunt mon arrière-petit-fils my great-grandson

mon arrière-petite-fille my great-granddaughter my great-great-… mon arrière-arrière… mon filleul my godson ma filleule my goddaughter ma marraine my godmother mon parrain my godfather

le bébé

the baby

un nouveau-né a newborn (boy) une nouveau-née a newborn (girl) un nourrisson an infant un tout-petit a little one un bambin a toddler un enfant a child un ado a teenager un adolescent(e) an adolescent un adulte an adult

les amis

the friends

mon ami my friend (male) mon amie my friend (female) mon copain my friend (male) ma copine my friend (female) mon pote my mate / buddy mon poteau my pal mon meilleur ami my best friend (male) ma meilleure amie my best friend (female) être ami avec to be friends with

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirty-six to thirty-eight of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirty-nine to forty-one, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club You can also follow me on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram: www.facebook.com/3minutelanguages www.twitter.com/3mlanguages www.instagram.com/3minutelanguages Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 39 – 41 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 36-38”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 39 LESSON 40 LESSON 41 Merci

LESSON 39 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? there is / there are is there? / are there? near here (to) see If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here is a good phrase to use to ask a question in French:

est-ce que c’est…? It means “is it…?” You pronounce it “es-keugh-say”

Is it good? “Est-ce que c’est…” means “is it…”. Its literal meaning is “is it that it is…” (a bit weird, I know, but that’s how they do it in French, so we won’t judge).

Est-ce que c’est bon? Is it good? (literally: is it that it is good?)

Est-ce que c’est ici? Is it here? (literally: is it that it is here?) Don’t worry about what the literal meaning is though, I only told you just in case you wondered. Just learn “est-ce que c’est…?” as “is it…?”.

How would you ask this in French?

Is it good?

Is it good? Est-ce que c’est bon?

How would you say this in French?

Is it here?

Is it here? Est-ce que c’est ici?

How would you say this in French?

Is it for me?

Is it for me? Est-ce que c’est pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Is it good for me?

Is it good for me? Est-ce que c’est bon pour moi?

See if you can work out how to say this in French:

Is that for me?

Is that for me? Est-ce que ça c’est pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Is that everything?

Is that everything? Est-ce que ça c’est tout ?

How would you say this in French?

Is it in France?

Is it in France? Est-ce que c’est en France?

How would you say this in French?

Is it near here?

Is it near here? Est-ce que c’est près d’ici?

In the last lesson, we learnt the phrase “près d’ici”, which means “near here”. Well, here’s the opposite:

loin d’ici It means “far from here” You pronounce it “lwan(g) dissy”

How would you say this in French?

Is it far from here?

Is it far from here? Est-ce que c’est loin d’ici?

How would you say this in French?

The restaurant isn’t far from here.

The restaurant isn’t far from here. Le restaurant n’est pas loin d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s too far from here.

I think it’s too far from here. Pour moi, c’est trop loin d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

That is too far from here.

That is too far from here. Ça c’est trop loin d’ici.

If we take the “d’ici” bit away from “loin d’ici” we are left with this:

loin It means “far” You pronounce it “lwan(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Is it far?

Is it far? Est-ce que c’est loin?

How would you say this in French?

It’s very far.

It’s very far. C’est très loin.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s too far.

I think it’s too far. Pour moi, c’est trop loin.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t far.

It isn’t far. Ce n’est pas loin.

Here’s your next word in French, it’s an adjective:

intéressant It means “interesting” You pronounce it “an-teugh-resson(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Everything is very interesting here.

Everything is very interesting here. Tout est très intéressant ici.

WORD LIST SO FAR est-ce que c’est… ? – is it… ? près d’ici – near here loin d’ici – far from here loin – far intéressant – interesting

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t very interesting.

It isn’t very interesting. Ce n’est pas très intéressant.

How would you say this in French, keeping in mind that to make “intéressant” feminine, you simple add an ‘e’ to the end?

Marie is interesting.

Marie is interesting. Marie est intéressante.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s very interesting.

I think it’s very interesting. Pour moi, c’est très intéressant.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is always very interesting here.

Everything is always very interesting here. Tout est toujours très intéressant ici.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody here is very interesting.

Everybody here is very interesting. Tout le monde ici est très intéressant.

How would you say this in French?

Is it interesting in Marseille?

Is it interesting in Marseille? Est-ce que c’est intéressant à Marseille?

How would you say this in French?

Is there anything interesting in La Rochelle? (literally: something interesting)

Is there anything interesting in La Rochelle? Y a-t-il quelque chose d’intéressant à La Rochelle?

How would you say this in French?

That is interesting.

That is interesting. Ҫa c’est intéressant.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is interesting.

Pierre is interesting. Pierre est intéressant.

Here’s a useful word in French:

possible (de…) It means “possible (to…)” You pronounce it “poss-eebleugh deugh”

Possible Now, you can use “possible” just by itself:

ce n’est pas possible it isn’t possible But, it becomes a really useful word If you put “de” after it. Now, so far, we’ve learnt that “de” means “from” and “of” but here it means “to” (“Hang on!”, I hear you scream, “I thought that ‘à’ meant ‘to’”. Well, yes it does as well…I know, make your mind up!) These little words (à and de) are called ‘prepositions’ and they can mean all sorts of things. We’ll talk about them some more in a later lesson, but for now, just go with the flow. But anyway, back to “possible de”. You can put any verb after “possible de…” to mean “possible to…”.

est-ce que c’est possible de payer demain? is it possible to pay tomorrow?

est-ce que c’est possible de manger ici sans une réservation? is it possible to eat here without a reservation? So, how would you say this in French?

Is it possible to try the wine?

Is it possible to try the wine? Est-ce que c’est possible d’essayer le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible to see it now?

Is it possible to see it now? Est-ce que c’est possible de le voir maintenant ?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible to hire a car here?

Is it possible to hire a car here? Est-ce que c’est possible de louer une voiture ici ?

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t possible to make a reservation.

It isn’t possible to make a reservation. Ce n’est pas possible de faire une réservation.

How would you say this in French?

It’s possible to do it tomorrow.

It’s possible to do it tomorrow. C’est possible de le faire demain.

Possible for me? “Possible de…” means “possible to…”. Therefore, “possible pour moi de…” must mean “possible for me to…”.

est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de payer demain? is it possible for me to pay tomorrow?

So, here’s a quick clarification:

possible pour moi de… It means “possible for me to…” You pronounce it “poss-eebleugh poor mwa deugh”

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to try the wine?

Is it possible for me to try the wine? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi d’essayer le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to see it now?

Is it possible for me to see it now? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de le voir maintenant ?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to hire a car for three days?

Is it possible for me to hire a car for three days? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de louer une voiture pour trois jours ?

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t possible for me to do it now.

It isn’t possible for me to do it now. Ce n’est pas possible pour moi de le faire maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

It wasn’t possible for me to buy it; it was too expensive.

It wasn’t possible for me to buy it; it was too expensive. Ce n’était pas possible pour moi de l’acheter ; c’était trop cher.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is possible.

Everything is possible. Tout est possible.

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to have two stamps, please?

Is it possible for me to have two stamps, please? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi d’avoir deux timbres, s’il vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to change it?

Is it possible for me to change it? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de le changer?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to go without you?

Is it possible for me to go without you? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi d’aller sans vous?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for you to go without me?

Is it possible for you to go without me? Est-ce que c’est possible pour vous d’aller sans moi?

WORD LIST SO FAR est-ce que c’est… ? – is it… ? près d’ici – near here loin d’ici – far from here loin– far intéressant – interesting possible (de…) – possible (to…) possible pour moi de… – possible for me to…

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Is it possible for me to eat here?

2.

Is it possible for you to do that tomorrow?

3.

Is it terrible?

4.

I think it’s very interesting

5.

The theatre is far from here

6.

The supermarket isn’t near here

7.

The post office isn’t far from here

8.

Is it beautiful?

9.

It’s too far from here

10. Is it expensive here?

1.

Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de manger ici?

2.

Est-ce que c’est possible pour vous de faire ça demain?

3.

Est-ce que c’est terrible?

4.

Pour moi, c’est très intéressant

5.

Le théâtre est loin d’ici

6.

Le supermarché n’est pas près d’ici

7.

La poste n’est pas loin d’ici

8.

Est-ce que c’est beau?

9.

C’est trop loin d’ici

10. Est-ce que c’est cher ici?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Est-ce que c’est bon? 2. Le parking n’est pas loin d’ici 3. L’arrêt de bus est près d’ici 4. Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de commander maintenant? 5. Est-ce que c’est possible de payer par carte? 6. Marie est très intéressante 7. Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de prendre un thé? 8. Ce n’est pas possible pour vous de louer une voiture 9. Est-ce que c’est pour moi? 10. Pierre n’est pas très intéressant

1. Is it good? 2. The car park isn’t far from here 3. The bus stop is near here 4. Is it possible for me to order now? 5. Is it possible to pay by card? 6. Marie is very interesting 7. Is it possible for me to have a tea? 8. It isn’t possible for you to hire a car 9. Is it for me? 10. Pierre isn’t very interesting

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I’ve caught the flu, have you got any medicine?

2.

I’ve broken my finger

3.

She isn’t there

4.

I’m too tired

5.

Where are you going to have dinner?

6.

Are you going to have some cheese?

7.

No, I’m not Mr Boulot; I’m Mr Rouge

8.

Do you want to pay by card?

9.

Where can I buy some stamps?

10. Whom do I have to call?

1.

J’ai attrapé la grippe, avez-vous du médicament?

2.

Je me suis cassé le doigt

3.

Elle n’est pas là

4.

Je suis trop fatigué

5.

Où allez-vous prendre le dîner?

6.

Allez-vous prendre du fromage?

7.

Non, je ne suis pas monsieur Boulot; je suis monsieur Rouge

8.

Voulez-vous payer par carte?

9.

Où puis-je acheter des timbres?

10. Qui dois-je appeler?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais acheter quelque chose de délicieux 2. J’ai une réservation sous le nom de Descartes 3. Je voudrais acheter un souvenir pour ma tante 4. J’ai mal à l’épaule 5. Il est très fatigué aujourd’hui 6. Marie est très occupée 7. Je suis pressé 8. Voulez-vous manger quelque chose? 9. Je vais essayer quelque chose de français 10. Je vais commander

1. I would like to buy something delicious 2. I have a reservation under the name of Descartes 3. I’d like to buy a souvenir for my auntie 4. I’ve hurt my shoulder 5. He’s very tired today 6. Marie is very busy 7. I’m in a hurry 8. Do you want to eat something? 9. I’m going to try something French 10. I’m going to order

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. do you want? 2. it wasn't 3. far from here 4. a postcard 5. if it's possible 6. I've hurt my… 7. is there? / are there? 8. now 9. (to) eat 10. I am 11. tired 12. something French 13. ill 14. I'm called 15. (to) make/do it 16. Mrs 17. she is 18. interesting 19. the same thing as Pierre 20. something 21. possible (to...)

22. near here 23. was 24. the same thing as him 25. the flu 26. another (the same type) / again 27. busy 28. (to) buy 29. (to) change it 30. I ordered 31. the same thing as her 32. the same thing 33. I’m not going 34. Miss 35. later 36. I've caught 37. wasn't 38. (to) change 39. a cold 40. are you? 41. I have reserved / I have booked 42. in the name of 43. what 44. possible for me to…

45. Mr 46. something from the region 47. he isn't 48. I’m going 49. for you 50. the same thing as you 51. some stamps / any stamps 52. I’m doing well 53. something + adjective 54. (to) see 55. some/any medicine 56. a souvenir 57. how are you? 58. fine / well 59. (to) drink 60. is he? 61. I don't feel 62. I ate / I've eaten 63. far 64. I'm not 65. she isn't 66. I have 67. he is

68. how 69. yesterday 70. I've broken my… 71. is she? 72. expensive 73. my mum 74. (to) try it 75. today 76. in a hurry 77. is it…? 78. (to) buy it 79. it was 80. another (a different type) 81. there is / there are 82. are you going? 83. (to) order 84. I feel 85. the same thing as me 86. something good

1. voulez-vous? 2. ce n'était pas 3. loin d'ici 4. une carte postale 5. si c'est possible 6. j'ai mal à… 7. y a-t-il? 8. maintenant 9. manger 10. Je suis 11. fatigué 12. quelque chose de français 13. malade 14. je m'appelle 15. le faire 16. madame (Mme.) 17. elle est 18. intéressant 19. la même chose que Pierre 20. quelque chose 21. possible (de…) 22. près d’ici 23. était

24. la même chose que lui 25. la grippe 26. encore 27. occupé 28. acheter 29. le changer 30. j'ai commandé 31. la même chose qu'elle 32. la même chose 33. je ne vais pas 34. mademoiselle (Mlle) 35. plus tard 36. j'ai attrapé 37. n'était pas 38. changer 39. un rhume 40. êtes-vous? 41. j'ai réservé 42. sous le nom de 43. que 44. possible pour moi de… 45. monsieur (M.) 46. quelque chose de la région

47. il n'est pas 48. je vais 49. pour vous 50. la même chose que vous 51. des timbres 52. je vais bien 53. quelque chose de + adjective 54. voir 55. un médicament 56. un souvenir 57. comment allez-vous? 58. bien 59. boire 60. est-il? 61. je ne me sens pas 62. j'ai mangé 63. loin 64. je ne suis pas 65. elle n'est pas 66. j'ai 67. il est 68. comment 69. hier

70. je me suis cassé… 71. est-elle? 72. cher 73. ma mère 74. l'essayer 75. aujourd'hui 76. pressé 77. est-ce que c'est…? 78. l'acheter 79. c'était 80. un/une autre 81. il y a 82. allez-vous? 83. commander 84. je me sens 85. la même chose que moi 86. quelque chose de bon

LESSON 40 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? is it…? near here far from here interesting possible (to…) possible for me to… If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, we’ve already had "changer", which means "to change". Well, let’s add that little word "de" to the end of it:

changer de It also means “(to) change” You pronounce it “shon-jshay deugh”

To change Now, we’ve had two ways (albeit extremely similar) to say “change”: “changer” and “changer de”. There is a slight difference between the two. CHANGER – to change (to modify something)

Je voudrais changer ma réservation I would like to change (modify) my reservation CHANGER DE – to change (to exchange or switch)

Je voudrais changer de table I would like to change (switch) tables

How would you say this in French?

I would like to change tables.

I would like to change tables. Je voudrais changer de table.

How would you say this in French?

Can I change hotels?

Can I change hotels? Puis-je changer d’hôtel ? One thing you might notice is that in English, when you want to change something, you tend to say the thing in the plural “change tables” or “change hotels”. In French, however, you leave it in the singular “changer de table” or “changer d’hôtel”.

Change cars To help understand the difference between “changer” and “changer de”, let me show you an example I used to use to get my head around it.

Je voudrais changer de voiture I would like to change cars (get a whole new car)

Je voudrais changer la voiture I would like to change the car (modify it somehow – maybe paint it or decorate it)

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to change cars.

I’m going to change cars. Je vais changer de voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Do I have to change tables?

Do I have to change tables? Dois-je changer de table ?

How would you say this in French?

Can I change rooms?

Can I change rooms? Puis-je changer de chambre ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to change hotels?

Are you going to change hotels? Allez-vous changer d’hôtel ?

This next word is always a useful one to have if something goes wrong:

un problème It means “a problem” You pronounce it “an(g) prob-lemm”

So, how would you say this in French?

I have a problem.

I have a problem. J’ai un problème.

How would you say this in French?

There’s a problem with Pierre.

There’s a problem with Pierre. Il y a un problème avec Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

There is a problem with my car.

There is a problem with my car. Il y a un problème avec ma voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Is there a problem, Mr Blanc?

Is there a problem, Mr Blanc? Y a-t-il un problème, Monsieur Blanc ?

How would you say this in French?

There’s a big problem in Paris today.

There’s a big problem in Paris today. Il y a un grand problème à Paris aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

What is the problem?

What is the problem? Quel est le problème?

This is also a nice little phrase to have and memorise:

pas de problème It means “no problem” or literally, “not any problem” You pronounce it “pad prob-lemm”

How would you say this in French?

No, no problem.

No, no problem. Non, pas de problème.

The “pas de” bit in “pas de problème” means “not any”, so you might be able to guess what this phrase means:

il n’y a pas de… It means “there isn’t any” or “there aren’t any” You pronounce it “eel-nee-ah-pad”

So, how would you say this in French?

There isn’t any wine.

There isn’t any wine. Il n’y a pas de vin.

How would you say this in French?

There isn’t a television.

There isn’t a television. Il n’y a pas de télévision.

How would you say this in French?

There is no problem.

There is no problem. Il n’y a pas de problème.

How would you say this in French?

Can I change rooms; there’s no shower?

Can I change rooms; there’s no shower? Puis-je changer de chambre; il n’y a pas de douche ?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, there’s no water.

Excuse me, there’s no water. Excusez-moi, il n’y a pas d’eau.

Here is your last phrase for this lesson:

dans la chambre It means “in the room” You pronounce it “don(g) lah shombreugh”

How would you say this in French?

Is there a television in the room?

Is there a television in the room? Y a-t-il une télévision dans la chambre ?

How would you say this in French?

Can I eat in the room?

Can I eat in the room? Puis-je manger dans la chambre ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you in the room?

Are you in the room? Êtes-vous dans la chambre ?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, there’s no bed in the room.

Excuse me, there’s no bed in the room. Excusez-moi, il n’y a pas de lit dans la chambre.

How would you say this in French?

It’s in the room.

It’s in the room. C’est dans la chambre.

How would you say this in French?

It wasn’t in the room.

It wasn’t in the room. Ce n’était pas dans la chambre.

WORD LIST SO FAR changer – (to) change (to modify) changer de – (to) change (to exchange) un problème – a problem pas de problème – no problem il n’y a pas de… – there isn’t any… / there aren’t any… dans la chambre – in the room

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Are you going to change tables?

2.

Is it possible for me to change rooms?

3.

There isn’t a problem

4.

It was in the room

5.

Excuse me, there’s no bed in the room

6.

Is it in the room?

7.

I would like to change hotels

8.

Do you have a problem?

9.

There’s a problem; the light doesn’t work

10. Is there a problem?

1.

Allez-vous changer de table?

2.

Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de changer de chambre?

3.

Il n’y a pas de problème

4.

C’était dans la chambre

5.

Excusez-moi, il n’y a pas de lit dans la chambre

6.

Est-ce que c’est dans la chambre?

7.

Je voudrais changer d’hôtel

8.

Avez-vous un problème?

9.

Il y a un problème; la lumière ne marche pas

10. Y a-t-il un problème?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Dois-je changer de table? 2. Quand allez-vous changer de voiture? 3. Y a-t-il un problème avec la voiture? 4. Je voudrais changer de chambre 5. Il n’y a pas d’eau 6. Il y a un problème avec la télévision dans ma chambre 7. Il n’y a pas d’électricité 8. Êtes-vous dans la chambre? 9. Puis-je changer de chambre; il n’y a pas de douche 10. La douche dans ma chambre ne marche pas

1. Do I have to change tables? 2. When are you going to change cars? 3. Is there a problem with the car? 4. I would like to change rooms 5. There’s no water 6. There’s a problem with the television in my room 7. There’s no electricity 8. Are you in the room? 9. Can I change rooms; there’s no shower 10. The shower in my room doesn’t work

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Can I buy a postcard here?

2.

Are you going to have dinner at the hotel?

3.

She isn’t tired

4.

Can I pay the bill later?

5.

I’m going to the toilet

6.

I’m doing well

7.

I have something for my sister

8.

Are you going to hire a car?

9.

The hotel is near me

10. Everybody was very nice here

1.

Puis-je acheter une carte postale ici?

2.

Allez-vous prendre le dîner à l’hôtel?

3.

Elle n’est pas fatiguée

4.

Puis-je payer l’addition plus tard?

5.

Je vais aux toilettes

6.

Je vais bien

7.

J’ai quelque chose pour ma sœur

8.

Allez-vous louer une voiture?

9.

L’hôtel est près de moi

10. Tout le monde était très sympa ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais l’acheter pour ma femme 2. Où puis-je manger? 3. Puis-je l’apporter à Paris? 4. La gare n’est pas près d’ici 5. Je ne vais pas manger à l’hôtel 6. Y a-t-il un bon restaurant près d’ici? 7. Comment allez-vous payer? 8. Qu’allez-vous faire ce soir? 9. Je me suis cassé le bras 10. Allez-vous commander maintenant?

1. I’d like to buy it for my wife 2. Where can I eat? 3. Can I bring it to Paris? 4. The train station isn’t near here 5. I’m not going to eat at the hotel 6. Is there a good restaurant near here? 7. How are you going to pay? 8. What are you going to do this evening? 9. I’ve broken my arm 10. Are you going to order now?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. now 2. (to) change it 3. far 4. I ordered 5. in a hurry 6. (to) eat 7. it was 8. ill 9. (to) drink 10. something good 11. some/any medicine 12. I've hurt my… 13. no problem 14. something French 15. I have reserved / I have booked 16. something 17. possible for me to… 18. if it's possible 19. I ate / I've eaten 20. the same thing as you 21. something from the region

22. I've broken my… 23. a postcard 24. a problem 25. it wasn't 26. the same thing as me 27. the same thing as him 28. the flu 29. I’m going 30. the same thing as Pierre 31. today 32. another (the same type) / again 33. are you going? 34. in the name of 35. I have 36. there is / there are 37. Mr 38. (to) see 39. I've caught 40. later 41. (to) change (modify) 42. Miss 43. he is 44. some stamps / any stamps

45. (to) order 46. (to) try it 47. (to) buy 48. in the room 49. Mrs 50. I am 51. are you? 52. my mum 53. a cold 54. interesting 55. far from here 56. is she? 57. for you 58. is it…? 59. fine / well 60. do you want? 61. I’m not going 62. I don't feel 63. is he? 64. (to) change (exchange) 65. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 66. is there? / are there? 67. expensive

68. what 69. I’m doing well 70. (to) buy it 71. a souvenir 72. how 73. I'm called 74. was 75. I feel 76. possible (to...) 77. something + adjective 78. tired 79. wasn't 80. (to) make/do it 81. another (a different type) 82. she is 83. I'm not 84. how are you? 85. she isn't 86. near here 87. busy 88. the same thing 89. the same thing as her 90. he isn't

91. yesterday

1. maintenant 2. le changer 3. loin 4. j'ai commandé 5. pressé 6. manger 7. c'était 8. malade 9. boire 10. quelque chose de bon 11. un médicament 12. j'ai mal à… 13. pas de problème 14. quelque chose de français 15. j'ai réservé 16. quelque chose 17. possible pour moi de… 18. si c'est possible 19. j'ai mangé 20. la même chose que vous 21. quelque chose de la région 22. je me suis cassé… 23. une carte postale

24. un problème 25. ce n'était pas 26. la même chose que moi 27. la même chose que lui 28. la grippe 29. je vais 30. la même chose que Pierre 31. aujourd'hui 32. encore 33. allez-vous? 34. sous le nom de 35. j'ai 36. il y a 37. monsieur (M.) 38. voir 39. j'ai attrapé 40. plus tard 41. changer 42. mademoiselle (Mlle) 43. il est 44. des timbres 45. commander 46. l'essayer

47. acheter 48. dans la chambre 49. madame (Mme.) 50. je suis 51. êtes-vous? 52. ma mère 53. un rhume 54. intéressant 55. loin d'ici 56. est-elle? 57. pour vous 58. est-ce que c'est…? 59. bien 60. voulez-vous? 61. je ne vais pas 62. je ne me sens pas 63. est-il? 64. changer de 65. il n'y a pas de… 66. y a-t-il? 67. cher 68. que 69. je vais bien

70. l'acheter 71. un souvenir 72. comment 73. je m'appelle 74. était 75. je me sens 76. possible (de…) 77. quelque chose de + adjective 78. fatigué 79. n'était pas 80. le faire 81. un/une autre 82. elle est 83. je ne suis pas 84. comment allez-vous? 85. elle n'est pas 86. près d’ici 87. occupé 88. la même chose 89. la même chose qu'elle 90. il n'est pas 91. hier

LESSON 41 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? (to) change (to modify) (to) change (to exchange) a problem no problem there isn’t any / there aren’t any in the room If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, we’ve had “trop” before, but let’s add a little more:

trop de bruit It means “too much noise” You pronounce it “troh deugh brwee”

How would you say this in French?

There is too much noise.

There is too much noise. Il y a trop de bruit.

How would you say this in French?

There is always too much noise here.

There is always too much noise here. Il y a toujours trop de bruit ici.

How would you say this in French?

It’s good but there is too much noise.

It’s good but there’s too much noise. C’est bon mais il y a trop de bruit.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to go to the hotel; there’s too much noise here?

Do you want to go to the hotel; there is too much noise here? Voulez-vous aller à l’hôtel; il y a trop de bruit ici?

How would you say this in French?

Is there too much noise for you?

Is there too much noise for you? Y a-t-il trop de bruit pour vous?

How would you say this in French?

There’s too much noise in my room.

There’s too much noise in my room. Il y a trop de bruit dans ma chambre.

This phrase is similar to “trop de bruit”:

trop de cafards It means “too many cockroaches” You pronounce it “troh deugh kaff-ar”

How would you say this in French?

There are too many cockroaches in the room.

There are too many cockroaches in the room. Il y a trop de cafards dans la chambre.

How would you say this in French?

There are too many cockroaches here.

There are too many cockroaches here. Il y a trop de cafards ici.

How would you say this in French?

It’s beautiful here but I think there are too many cockroaches.

It’s beautiful here but I think there are too many cockroaches. C’est beau ici mais pour moi, il y a trop de cafards.

WORD LIST SO FAR trop de bruit – too much noise trop de cafards – too many cockroaches

Too much You’ve probably noticed that we’ve used “trop de…” to mean “too much” and also “too many”. You can put any noun on the end of “trop de” and if the noun is singular, it means “too much” in English, but if the noun is plural, it means “too many” in English.

trop de vin too much wine

trop de poulet too much chicken

trop de carottes too many carrots If you just want to say “too much” or “too many” by itself, you just say “trop” without the “de”.

c'est trop pour moi it’s too much for me

Remember how “tout le monde” means “everybody”. Well…:

trop de monde It means “too many people” You pronounce it “troh deugh mond”

How would you say this in French?

There are too many people here.

There are too many people here. Il y a trop de monde ici.

Too many people There are actually a couple of ways to say “too many people” in French. The first phrase, “trop de monde” is just one way. The word “monde” means “world” in French, so “trop de monde” really means “too much of the world”. The second way is just to use the word for “people” that we’ve already learnt, “personnes”.

trop de monde too many people

trop de personnes too many people

How would you say this in French?

Paris is very beautiful but there are always too many people there.

Paris is very beautiful but there are always too many people there. Paris est très beau mais il y a toujours trop de monde/personnes là.

How would you say this in French?

I think there are too many people there.

I think there are too many people there. Pour moi, il y a trop de monde/personnes là.

How would you say this in French?

There are always too many people at this restaurant.

There are always too many people at this restaurant. Il y a toujours trop de monde/personnes à ce restaurant.

Here’s another useful phrase to add to your collection:

beaucoup (de) It means “a lot (of)” You pronounce it “boe-koo deugh”

How would you say this in French?

There is a lot of noise.

There is a lot of noise. Il y a beaucoup de bruit.

How would you say this in French?

There are lots of people here.

There are lots of people here. Il y a beaucoup de personnes ici. (or : il y a beaucoup de monde ici)

How would you say this in French?

There is a lot of wine here.

There is a lot of wine here. Il y a beaucoup de vin ici.

How would you say this in French?

Why do you have lots of cars?

Why do you have lots of cars? Pourquoi avez-vous beaucoup de voitures ?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to eat here but there are lots of cockroaches in the restaurant.

I would like to eat here but there are lots of cockroaches in the restaurant. Je voudrais manger ici mais il y a beaucoup de cafards dans le restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

There isn’t a lot of cheese.

There isn’t a lot of cheese. Il n’y a pas beaucoup de fromage.

How would you say this in French?

There is always a lot of food here.

There is always a lot of food here. Il y a toujours beaucoup de nourriture ici.

Here’s your last word for this lesson:

choses (à…) It means “things (to…)” You pronounce it “shoze ah”

Things to do Remember how a couple of lessons ago, we had “possible de…”, meaning “possible to…”.. Whenever you use “possible” with a verb, you have to put “de” in between them.

ce n’est pas possible de partir it isn’t possible to leave The same thing happens with “choses”. If you want to put a verb after “choses”, you have to use “à”.

il y a beaucoup de choses à faire there are lots of things to do

How would you say this in French?

I have too many things to do.

I have too many things to do. J’ai trop de choses à faire.

How would you say this in French?

There are lots of things to eat.

There are lots of things to eat. Il y a beaucoup de choses à manger.

How would you say this in French?

There are lots of things to see in France.

There are lots of things to see in France. Il y a beaucoup de choses à voir en France.

How would you say this in French?

There are always lots of things to do in Marseille but there are also lots of people.

There are always lots of things to do in Marseille but there are also lots of people. Il y a toujours beaucoup de choses à faire à Marseille mais il y a aussi beaucoup de personnes.

How would you say this in French?

I bought lots of things to eat yesterday.

I bought lots of things to eat yesterday. J’ai acheté beaucoup de choses à manger hier.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have lots of things to do?

Do you have lots of things to do? Avez-vous beaucoup de choses à faire ?

How would you say this in French?

There aren’t a lot of things to eat.

There aren’t a lot of things to eat. Il n’y a pas beaucoup de choses à manger.

WORD LIST SO FAR trop de bruit – too much noise trop de cafards – too many cockroaches trop de… – too much… / too many… trop de monde – too many people trop de personnes – too many people beaucoup de – a lot of choses à… – things to…

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Can I change rooms; there's too much noise in my room?

2.

I like it here but there are too many cockroaches

3.

It's beautiful but there are always too many people here

4.

There's a lot of food here

5.

I think there are lots of things to do

6.

There isn't a lot of wine here for everybody

7.

Do you have things to eat at the hotel?

8.

There is too much noise at the hotel

9.

There are too many people and I don't have a lot of food

10. I have a headache; there is too much noise

1.

Puis-je changer de chambre ; il y a trop de bruit dans ma chambre?

2.

Je l’aime ici mais il y a trop de cafards

3.

C’est beau mais il y a toujours trop de personnes/monde ici

4.

Il y a beaucoup de nourriture ici

5.

Pour moi, il y a beaucoup de choses à faire

6.

Il n’y a pas beaucoup de vin ici pour tout le monde

7.

Avez-vous choses à manger à l’hôtel?

8.

Il y a trop de bruit à l’hôtel

9.

Il y a trop de personnes/monde et je n’ai pas beaucoup de nourriture

10. J’ai mal à la tête ; il y a trop de bruit

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. J’aime la France ; il y a beaucoup de vin et beaucoup de fromage. C’est parait pour moi 2. Il y a beaucoup de personnes/monde ici mais tout le monde est très sympa 3. Il y a beaucoup de cafards dans ma chambre 4. Pour moi, il y a trop de voitures à Paris 5. Il y a beaucoup de choses à faire et à voir à Marseille ; c’est absolument beau 6. Il y a beaucoup de choses à manger mais j’ai mal à l’estomac 7. Il y a toujours beaucoup de nourriture chez Marie 8. Pour moi, il n’y a pas beaucoup de choses à faire mais c’est très beau 9. J’ai trop de carottes mais tout est délicieux 10. C’est bon mais il y a trop de bruit

1.

I like France; there's a lot of wine and a lot of cheese. It's perfect for me

2.

There are a lot of people here but everybody is very nice

3.

There are lots of cockroaches in my room

4.

I think there are too many cars in Paris

5.

There are lots of things to do and see in Marseille; it's absolutely beautiful

6.

There are lots of things to eat but I have a stomach ache

7.

There is always a lot of food at Marie's house

8.

I think there aren't a lot of things to do but it's very beautiful

9.

I have too many carrots but everything is delicious

10. It's good but there is too much noise

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a bottle of wine for the table, please

2.

This restaurant is perfect

3.

I think the food here is always very good

4.

The dinner yesterday was fantastic but the wine wasn't very good

5.

Excuse me, what time is it?

6.

The cars here are one hundred euros per week

7.

The reservation is at 8pm

8.

It isn't near but the bus isn't very expensive

9.

Is it good for me?

10. Is it possible for me to take the train?

1.

Je voudrais une bouteille de vin pour la table, s’il vous plaît

2.

Ce restaurant est parfait

3.

Pour moi, la nourriture ici est toujours très bonne

4.

Le dîner hier était fantastique mais le vin n’était pas très bon

5.

Excusez-moi, quelle heure est-il?

6.

Les voitures ici sont cent euros par semaine

7.

La réservation est à huit heures le soir

8.

Ce n’est pas près mais le bus n’est pas très cher

9.

Est-ce que c’est bon pour moi?

10. Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de prendre le train?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais trois timbres, s’il vous plaît 2. Excusez-moi, c’est combien ҫa? 3. Puis-je changer la réservation? 4. Avez-vous une plus grande voiture? 5. Que voulez-vous acheter? 6. Voulez-vous l’essayer? 7. Je voudrais acheter quelque chose ici mais les souvenirs sont trop chers 8. Où puis-je acheter une carte postale de la région? 9. Ma mère est ici mais mon père est à Paris 10. Allez-vous voir la Tour Eiffel?

1.

I would like three stamps, please

2.

Excuse me, how much is that?

3.

Can I change the reservation?

4.

Do you have a bigger car?

5.

What do you want to buy?

6.

Do you want to try it?

7.

I would like to buy something but the souvenirs are too expensive

8.

Where can I buy a postcard from the region?

9.

My mum is here but my dad is in Paris

10. Are you going to see the Eiffel Tower?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. Miss 2. something from the region 3. I’m going 4. it wasn't 5. I've caught 6. something French 7. there is / there are 8. possible (to...) 9. things to… 10. is he? 11. too much… / too many… 12. possible for me to… 13. (to) change it 14. the same thing as you 15. if it's possible 16. (to) see 17. later 18. in the room 19. (to) change (modify) 20. no problem 21. I'm called

22. how 23. I’m doing well 24. are you? 25. something 26. something + adjective 27. expensive 28. something good 29. a cold 30. some stamps / any stamps 31. busy 32. the same thing as him 33. are you going? 34. too many people 35. how are you? 36. I have 37. I don't feel 38. near here 39. (to) change (exchange) 40. she isn't 41. is it…? 42. (to) drink 43. do you want? 44. the flu

45. I have reserved / I have booked 46. too much noise 47. what 48. the same thing as me 49. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 50. another (the same type) / again 51. I've hurt my… 52. a problem 53. far 54. he isn't 55. (to) order 56. interesting 57. I'm not 58. was 59. I am 60. today 61. a souvenir 62. tired 63. my mum 64. fine / well 65. I ordered 66. (to) buy 67. Mrs

68. is there? / are there? 69. I’m not going 70. (to) try it 71. the same thing as Pierre 72. yesterday 73. for you 74. (to) make/do it 75. in the name of 76. is she? 77. ill 78. he is 79. far from here 80. it was 81. (to) buy it 82. a postcard 83. I've broken my… 84. now 85. the same thing 86. she is 87. I ate / I've eaten 88. too many cockroaches 89. in a hurry 90. (to) eat

91. the same thing as her 92. I feel 93. a lot of 94. some/any medicine 95. another (a different type) 96. Mr 97. wasn't

1. mademoiselle (Mlle) 2. quelque chose de la région 3. je vais 4. ce n'était pas 5. j'ai attrapé 6. quelque chose de français 7. il y a 8. possible (de…) 9. choses à… 10. est-il? 11. trop de… 12. possible pour moi de… 13. le changer 14. la même chose que vous 15. si c'est possible 16. voir 17. plus tard 18. dans la chambre 19. changer 20. pas de problème 21. je m'appelle 22. comment 23. je vais bien

24. êtes-vous? 25. quelque chose 26. quelque chose de + adjective 27. cher 28. quelque chose de bon 29. un rhume 30. des timbres 31. occupé 32. la même chose que lui 33. allez-vous? 34. trop de monde / trop de personnes 35. comment allez-vous? 36. j'ai 37. je ne me sens pas 38. près d’ici 39. changer de 40. elle n'est pas 41. est-ce que c'est…? 42. boire 43. voulez-vous? 44. la grippe 45. j'ai réservé 46. trop de bruit

47. que 48. la même chose que moi 49. il n'y a pas de… 50. encore 51. j'ai mal à… 52. un problème 53. loin 54. il n'est pas 55. commander 56. intéressant 57. je ne suis pas 58. était 59. je suis 60. aujourd'hui 61. un souvenir 62. fatigué 63. ma mère 64. bien 65. j'ai commandé 66. acheter 67. madame (Mme.) 68. y a-t-il? 69. je ne vais pas

70. l'essayer 71. la même chose que Pierre 72. hier 73. pour vous 74. le faire 75. sous le nom de 76. est-elle? 77. malade 78. il est 79. loin d'ici 80. c'était 81. l'acheter 82. une carte postale 83. je me suis cassé… 84. maintenant 85. la même chose 86. elle est 87. j'ai mangé 88. trop de cafards 89. pressé 90. manger 91. la même chose qu'elle 92. je me sens

93. beaucoup de 94. un médicament 95. un/une autre 96. monsieur (M.) 97. n'était pas

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirty-nine to forty-one of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons forty-two to forty-four, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 42 – 44 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 39-41”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 42 LESSON 43 LESSON 43 ½ LESSON 44 LESSON 44½ Merci

LESSON 42 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? too much noise too many cockroaches too many people a lot of / lots of things (to…) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a very useful joining word in French:

parce que It means “because” You pronounce it “parsk”

How would you ask this in French?

I’m not going to eat here because the food is terrible.

I’m not going to eat here because the food is terrible. Je ne vais pas manger ici parce que la nourriture est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to the beach because I’m too tired.

I’m not going to the beach because I’m too tired. Je ne vais pas à la plage parce que je suis trop fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

I’m very busy because I have lots of things to do.

I’m very busy because I have lots of things to do. Je suis très occupé parce que j’ai beaucoup de choses à faire.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to buy that because it’s too expensive.

I’m not going to buy that because it’s too expensive. Je ne vais pas acheter ça parce que c’est trop cher.

How would you say this in French:

Can you pay because my card doesn’t work?

Can you pay because my card doesn’t work? Pouvez-vous payer parce que ma carte ne marche pas?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like that because it’s green.

I don’t like that because it’s green. Je n’aime pas ça parce que c’est vert.

How would you say this in French?

I like it because it’s very beautiful.

I like it because it’s beautiful. Je l’aime parce que c’est beau.

We’ve had “j’ai”, which means “I have”, well, here’s the opposite:

je n’ai pas It means “I don’t have” or “I haven’t” You pronounce it “jsheugh nay pah”

What you can do is replace any phrase that has “j’ai” in it with “je n’ai pas”. So, how would you say this in French?

I haven’t ordered.

I haven’t ordered. Je n’ai pas commandé.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t eaten today.

I haven’t eaten today. Je n’ai pas mangé aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have many (lots of) things to do today.

I don’t have many things to do today. Je n’ai pas beaucoup de choses à faire aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have a reservation but I would like a table for two.

I don’t have a reservation but I would like a table for two. Je n’ai pas une réservation mais je voudrais une table pour deux.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t tried the pizza.

I haven’t tried the pizza Je n’ai pas essayé la pizza.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t paid the bill.

I haven’t paid the bill Je n’ai pas payé l’addition.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t eaten a lot today.

I haven’t eaten a lot today Je n’ai pas mangé beaucoup aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t ordered the wine.

I haven’t ordered the wine Je n’ai pas commandé le vin.

Here’s your next phrase in French:

le temps (de…) It means “the time (to…)” You pronounce it “leugh ton(g) deugh”

The time We’ve already had the word “l’heure”, which means the time on a watch.

je n’ai pas l’heure I don’t have the time (on a watch) I don’t know what time it is

Avez-vous l’heure? Do you have the time (on a watch)? Do you know what time it is? The word “le temps” is actually talking about the time to do something, not the time on a clock.

je n’ai pas le temps I don’t have the time I’m not free / I’m too busy If you want to put a verb on the end of “le temps” you have to use the little word “de” first.

je n’ai pas le temps de faire une réservation I don’t have the time to make a reservation

How would you say this in French?

I would like to do it but I don’t have the time.

I would like to do it but I don’t have the time. Je voudrais le faire mais je n’ai pas le temps.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have the time to do it now.

I don’t have the time to do it now. Je n’ai pas le temps de le faire maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have time tomorrow?

Do you have time tomorrow? Avez-vous le temps demain?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have time to go to the beach today?

Do you have time to go to the beach today? Avez-vous le temps d’aller à la plage aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have the time to do it for me now?

Do you have the time to do it for me now? Avez-vous le temps de le faire pour moi maintenant?

Here’s a useful phrase in French:

je n’ai pas de… It means “I don’t have any…” You pronounce it “jsheugh nay pah deugh”

Not any The words “pas de” in French, literally mean “not any”. So, a couple of lessons ago, when we learnt “no problem” – “pas de problème”, what it literally means is “not any problem”. You can use “pas de…” with any noun to mean “not any…” or “not a…”.

je n’ai pas de temps I don’t have any time

je n’ai pas d’argent I don’t have any money

je n’ai pas d’amis I don’t have any friends ☹

So, how would you say this in French?

I don’t have any cake for you.

I don’t have any cake for you. Je n’ai pas de gâteau pour vous.

Here’s another useful phrase in French:

avec moi It means “with me” You pronounce it “ah-vek mwah”

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have any money with me.

I don’t have any money with me. Je n’ai pas d’argent avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have the tickets with me.

I don’t have the tickets with me. Je n’ai pas les billets avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to go to the beach with me tomorrow?

Do you want to go to the beach with me tomorrow? Voulez-vous aller à la plage avec moi demain?

How would you say this in French?

Can you pay the bill because I don’t have my card with me?

Can you pay the bill because I don’t have my card with me? Pouvez-vous payer l’addition parce que je n’ai pas ma carte avec moi?

You might be able to guess what this phrase means:

je n’ai pas réservé It means “I haven’t reserved” or “I haven’t booked” You pronounce it “jsheugh nay pas rez-eughr-vay”

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t booked a table but I would like to eat here, if it’s possible.

I haven’t booked a table but I would like to eat here, if it’s possible. Je n’ai pas réservé une table mais je voudrais manger ici, si c’est possible.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t booked a table because it isn’t very busy at the restaurant.

I haven’t booked a table because it isn’t very busy at the restaurant. Je n’ai pas réservé une table parce que ce n’est pas très occupé au restaurant.

Here’s a verb for you to add to your verb collection:

apporter It means “(to) bring” You pronounce it “ah-poor-tay”

How would you say this in French?

What can I bring with me?

What can I bring with me? Que puis-je apporter avec moi?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to bring it tomorrow.

I’m going to bring it tomorrow. Je vais l’apporter demain.

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for you to bring it with you?

Is it possible for you to bring it with you? Est-ce que c’est possible pour vous de l’apporter avec vous?

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to bring everything with me because it’s too much.

I’m not going to bring everything with me because it’s too much. Je ne vais pas apporter tout avec moi parce que c’est trop.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to bring lots of things to eat.

I’m going to bring lots of things to eat. Je vais apporter beaucoup de choses à manger.

You can change the verb “apporter” a little and get this phrase:

j'ai apporté It means “I have brought” You pronounce it “jshay ah-poor-tay”

How would you say this in French?

I’ve brought something with me for you.

I’ve brought something with me for you. J’ai apporté quelque chose avec moi pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve brought the wine but I don’t have any food.

I’ve brought the wine but I don’t have any food. J’ai apporté le vin mais je n’ai pas de nourriture.

We can change the phrase “j’ai apporté” a little to make the negative:

je n’ai pas apporté It means “I haven’t brought” You pronounce it “jsheugh nay paz ah-poor-tay”

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t brought my passport.

I haven’t brought my passport. Je n’ai pas apporté mon passeport.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t brought my key with me.

I haven’t brought my key with me. Je n’ai pas apporté ma clé avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

I have brought some wine but I haven’t brought any food.

I have brought some wine but I haven’t brought any food. J’ai apporté du vin mais je n’ai pas apporté de nourriture.

WORD LIST SO FAR parce que – because je n’ai pas – I haven’t / I don’t have je n’ai pas de – I don’t have any le temps (de…) – the time (to…) avec moi – with me je n’ai pas réservé – I haven’t reserved/booked apporter – (to) bring j’ai apporté – I have brought je n’ai pas apporté – I haven’t brought

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. I haven't reserved a table because this restaurant isn't very busy 2. I don't have any wine at my house but I'm going to buy a bottle today 3. I have my car with me 4. Are you going to bring some food to Pierre's house? 5. I have brought something with me for you 6. I don't have the time to go with you today, but can I go tomorrow? 7. Do you have the time to make a reservation at the restaurant? 8. Do you have the time to buy something for Marie? 9. I didn't book a table but the restaurant isn't too busy 10. I didn't book but I would like a room for two people, if it's possible

1.

Je n’ai pas réservé une table parce que ce restaurant n’est pas très occupé

2.

Je n’ai pas de vin chez moi mais je vais acheter une bouteille aujourd’hui

3.

J’ai ma voiture avec moi

4.

Allez-vous apporter de la nourriture chez Pierre?

5.

J’ai apporté quelque chose avec moi pour vous

6.

Je n’ai pas le temps d’aller avec vous aujourd’hui, mais puis-je aller demain?

7.

Avez-vous le temps de faire une réservation au restaurant?

8.

Avez-vous le temps d’acheter quelque chose pour Marie?

9.

Je n’ai pas réservé une table mais le restaurant n’est pas trop occupé

10. Je n’ai pas réservé mais je voudrais une chambre pour deux personnes, si c’est possible

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je n’ai pas le temps parce que je vais à Paris demain 2. Allez-vous apporter les billets demain? 3. Je n’ai pas mon passeport avec moi 4. Allez-vous apporter tout demain? 5. Pierre n’est pas ici aujourd’hui parce qu’il est trop occupé 6. Est-ce que c’est possible pour vous d’apporter encore une bouteille de ce vin pour moi? 7. Que puis-je apporter avec moi à l’hôtel? 8. Puis-je apporter mes amis avec moi aujourd’hui? 9. Voulez-vous aller au cinéma avec moi demain? 10. Je n’ai pas d’argent avec moi

1.

I don't have the time because I'm going to Paris tomorrow

2.

Are you going to bring the tickets tomorrow?

3.

I don't have my passport with me

4.

Are you going to bring everything tomorrow?

5.

Pierre isn't here today because he's too busy

6.

Is it possible for you to bring another bottle of this wine for me?

7.

What can I bring with me to the hotel?

8.

Can I bring my friends with me today?

9.

Do you want to go to the cinema with me tomorrow?

10. I don't have any money with me

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I like it in plastic

2.

It’s a bit too small for me

3.

I would like to go to the butcher but it’s too far from here and I don’t have a car

4.

What time are you going to Christine’s house?

5.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

6.

It’s quarter to eleven

7.

It’s three hundred and twenty euros for two weeks

8.

Excuse me, how much is the wine here?

9.

Hello, I am Pierre and I’d like a table for two, please

10. Marie is very tired

1.

Je l’aime en plastique

2.

C’est un peu trop petit pour moi

3.

Je voudrais aller à la boucherie mais c’est trop loin d’ici et je n’ai pas de voiture

4.

À quelle heure allez-vous chez Christine?

5.

Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique

6.

Il est onze heures moins le quart

7.

C’est trois cent vingt euros pour deux semaines

8.

Excusez-moi, c’est combien le vin ici?

9.

Bonjour, je suis Pierre et je voudrais une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît

10. Marie est très fatiguée

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Où est madame Petit? 2. Est-il pressé? 3. Non, je ne suis pas fatigué mais je suis très occupé 4. Ma réservation est sous le nom de Boulot 5. Allez-vous changer la réservation? 6. Je vais à la plage plus tard 7. Qu’allez-vous boire? 8. J’ai commandé une bouteille de vin 9. Voulez-vous encore la même chose? 10. Je ne me sens pas fantastique mais je ne me sens pas terrible

1. Where is Mrs Petit? 2. Is he in a hurry? 3. No, I’m not tired but I’m very busy 4. My reservation is in the name of Boulot 5. Are you going to change the reservation? 6. I’m going to the beach later 7. What are you going to drink? 8. I’ve ordered a bottle of wine 9. Do you want the same thing again? 10. I don’t feel fantastic but I don’t feel terrible

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. another (a different type) 2. (to) order 3. (to) change (exchange) 4. how 5. possible for me to… 6. the flu 7. for you 8. I haven't / I don't have 9. the same thing as him 10. something French 11. I haven't reserved / booked 12. no problem 13. a lot of 14. too much noise 15. (to) see 16. is he? 17. another (the same type) / again 18. he is 19. far from here 20. fine / well 21. I have brought

22. it wasn't 23. I'm not 24. I've hurt my… 25. expensive 26. near here 27. in a hurry 28. busy 29. the same thing as Pierre 30. (to) change it 31. I've caught 32. she isn't 33. (to) buy it 34. I’m doing well 35. something + adjective 36. later 37. is there? / are there? 38. my mum 39. tired 40. a postcard 41. are you going? 42. Mrs 43. wasn't 44. the same thing

45. the same thing as her 46. (to) try it 47. the same thing as you 48. what 49. (to) bring 50. I feel 51. Miss 52. a souvenir 53. today 54. I’m going 55. some/any medicine 56. something good 57. he isn't 58. (to) buy 59. Mr 60. I ordered 61. far 62. too many people 63. in the name of 64. I'm called 65. the same thing as me 66. I ate / I've eaten 67. I have reserved / I have booked

68. it was 69. is it…? 70. (to) change (modify) 71. I haven't brought 72. possible (to...) 73. because 74. yesterday 75. something from the region 76. a problem 77. things to… 78. I don't feel 79. if it's possible 80. is she? 81. (to) make/do it 82. do you want? 83. the time (to…) 84. too many cockroaches 85. I am 86. there is / there are 87. a cold 88. interesting 89. I have 90. was

91. ill 92. (to) eat 93. she is 94. with me 95. some stamps / any stamps 96. in the room 97. I've broken my… 98. something 99. now 100. too much… / too many… 101. are you? 102. (to) drink 103. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 104. how are you? 105. I’m not going

1. un/une autre 2. commander 3. changer de 4. comment 5. possible pour moi de… 6. la grippe 7. pour vous 8. je n'ai pas 9. la même chose que lui 10. quelque chose de français 11. je n'ai pas réservé 12. pas de problème 13. beaucoup de 14. trop de bruit 15. voir 16. est-il? 17. encore 18. il est 19. loin d'ici 20. bien 21. j'ai apporté 22. ce n'était pas 23. je ne suis pas

24. j'ai mal à… 25. cher 26. près d’ici 27. pressé 28. occupé 29. la même chose que Pierre 30. le changer 31. j'ai attrapé 32. elle n'est pas 33. l'acheter 34. je vais bien 35. quelque chose de + adjective 36. plus tard 37. y a-t-il? 38. ma mère 39. fatigué 40. une carte postale 41. allez-vous? 42. madame (Mme.) 43. n'était pas 44. la même chose 45. la même chose qu'elle 46. l'essayer

47. la même chose que vous 48. que 49. apporter 50. je me sens 51. mademoiselle (Mlle) 52. un souvenir 53. aujourd'hui 54. je vais 55. un médicament 56. quelque chose de bon 57. il n'est pas 58. acheter 59. monsieur (M.) 60. j'ai commandé 61. loin 62. trop de monde / trop de personnes 63. sous le nom de 64. je m'appelle 65. la même chose que moi 66. j'ai mangé 67. j'ai réservé 68. c'était 69. est-ce que c'est…?

70. changer 71. je n'ai pas apporté 72. possible (de…) 73. parce que 74. hier 75. quelque chose de la région 76. un problème 77. choses à… 78. je ne me sens pas 79. si c'est possible 80. est-elle? 81. le faire 82. voulez-vous? 83. le temps (de…) 84. trop de cafards 85. je suis 86. il y a 87. un rhume 88. intéressant 89. j'ai 90. était 91. malade 92. manger

93. elle est 94. avec moi 95. des timbres 96. dans la chambre 97. je me suis cassé… 98. quelque chose 99. maintenant 100. trop de… 101. êtes-vous? 102. boire 103. il n'y a pas de… 104. comment allez-vous? 105. je ne vais pas

LESSON 43 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? because I haven’t / I don’t have I don’t have any the time (to…) with me I haven’t reserved (to) bring I have brought I haven’t brought If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, in this lesson, we’re going to learn a bit of grammar…

The Past Tense The past tense in French is fairly easy. There are two parts. Here is an example with the names for each part :

J’ai 2mangé 1I have 2eaten 1

J’AI

1

MANGÉ

2

AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

I HAVE

EATEN

You can change the word "mangé" (the past participle) to any verb you like and change the meaning of the sentence. j'ai MANGÉ – I have EATEN j’ai COMMANDÉ – I have ORDERED j’ai RÉSERVÉ – I have RESERVED j’ai CHANGÉ – I have CHANGED You’ve probably noticed that all the past participles end in the letter é with an accent on it. This is something you’ll see a lot of in the past tense.

Forming the past participle STEP 1: Remove the -er from the end of the verb STEP 2: Put -é on the end instead Par exemple (for example) MANGER – MANGÉ to eat – eaten COMMANDER – COMMANDÉ to order – ordered RÉSERVER – RÉSERVÉ to reserve – reserved So, you always change the -er on the end of any infinitive to an -é in order to turn it into the past participle.

Try changing these verbs into the past participle. The answers are on the next page: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

manger (to eat) passer (to spend) réserver (to reserve) apporter (to bring) oublier (to forget)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

mangé (eaten) passé (spent) réservé (reserved) apporté (brought) oublié (forgotten)

All you have to do is put “j’ai” in front of those past participles to form a sentence in the past tense.

How would you say this in French?

I have ordered.

I have ordered. J’ai commandé.

How would you say this in French?

I have eaten.

I have eaten. J’ai mangé.

How would you say this in French?

I have reserved.

I have reserved. J’ai réservé.

Changing the auxiliary Instead of saying “I have” all the time, you can change the sentence by changing the auxiliary verb (the “j’ai” part). J’AI I HAVE TU AS YOU HAVE IL A HE HAS ELLE A SHE HAS PIERRE A PIERRE NOUS HAS AVONS WE HAVE VOUS AVEZ YOU HAVE ILS ONT THEY HAVE Have you seen that there are two ways to say “you” in French? “Tu” and “vous”. Turn over to find out more…

You or you? In French, there are two different ways to say “you”. We’ve already had “vous” and have been using that one for everything so far. However, there is also the word “tu”. “Tu” is used only when you’re talking to one person whom you know very well. So, if it’s a friend of yours, you can use “tu”. In olden English, we used to have the word “thou” that was used with friends. For everything else, you use “vous”. So, unless you’re talking to one person you know very well, then use “vous”. (You should even use “vous” if you’re talking to two people you know very well). The proper words for these are formal, informal, singular and plural. TU singular informal VOUS singular formal / plural formal / plural informal If in doubt, use “vous” and you won’t go wrong.

So, how would you say this in French?

I have eaten.

I have eaten. J’ai mangé.

How would you say this in French?

You have eaten.

You have eaten. Tu as mangé. / Vous avez mangé.

How would you say this in French?

He has eaten.

He has eaten. Il a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

She has eaten.

She has eaten. Elle a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has eaten.

Pierre has eaten. Pierre a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

Marie has eaten.

Marie has eaten. Marie a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

We have eaten.

We have eaten. Nous avons mangé.

How would you say this in French?

They have eaten.

They have eaten. Ils ont mangé.

ER becomes É So far, we’ve learnt that you need to change the -er on the end of the verbs to an -é to make the past participle.

MANGER – MANGÉ to eat – eaten But, can you remember when I said a few lessons ago that there are different types of verbs in French? There are three different types, to be more specific, and it is all based on what letters they end in, either ‘er’, ‘ir’ or ‘re’. What this means is that there are three different ways to make the past participle of a French verb. The three things to remember are:

ER becomes É IR becomes I RE becomes U

Forming the past participle All you have to do to turn any verb into a past participle is to change the last two letters of the verb. If the verb ends in “er”, change it to “é”. If the verb ends in “ir”, change it to an “i". If the verb ends in “re”, change it to a “u”.

ER becomes É IR becomes I RE becomes U Par exemple (for example) MANGER – MANGÉ to eat – eaten FINIR – FINI to finish – finished ATTENDRE – ATTENDU to wait – waited

How would you say this in French?

I have eaten.

I have eaten. J’ai mangé.

How would you say this in French?

You have eaten.

You have eaten. Tu as mangé. / Vous avez mangé.

How would you say this in French?

He has eaten.

He has eaten. Il a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

She has eaten.

She has eaten. Elle a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has eaten.

Pierre has eaten. Pierre a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

Marie has eaten.

Marie has eaten. Marie a mangé.

How would you say this in French?

We have eaten.

We have eaten. Nous avons mangé.

How would you say this in French?

They have eaten.

They have eaten. Ils ont mangé.

How would you say this in French?

I waited.

I waited. J’ai attendu.

How would you say this in French?

You waited.

You waited. Tu as attendu. / Vous avez attendu.

How would you say this in French?

He waited.

He waited. Il a attendu.

How would you say this in French?

She waited.

She waited. Elle a attendu.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre waited.

Pierre waited. Pierre a attendu.

How would you say this in French?

Marie waited.

Marie waited. Marie a attendu.

How would you say this in French?

We waited.

We waited. Nous avons attendu.

How would you say this in French?

They waited.

They waited. Ils ont attendu.

How would you say this in French?

I have finished.

I have finished. J’ai fini.

How would you say this in French?

You have finished.

You have finished. Tu as fini. / Vous avez fini.

How would you say this in French?

He has finished.

He has finished. Il a fini.

How would you say this in French?

She has finished.

She has finished. Elle a fini.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has finished.

Pierre has finished. Pierre a fini.

How would you say this in French?

Marie has finished.

Marie has finished. Marie a fini.

How would you say this in French?

We have finished.

We have finished. Nous avons fini.

How would you say this in French?

They have finished.

They have finished. Ils ont fini.

ER, IR, RE So, you know there are three types of verb (ir, er, re) and you know how each one changes in the past. Here are a few verbs you can add to your vocabulary. On the left is the infinitive, and on the right is the past participle.

apporter - apporté to bring - brought

réserver - réservé to reserve - reserved

oublier - oublié to forget - forgotten

perdre - perdu to lose - lost

vendre - vendu to sell - sold

attendre - attendu to wait - waited

finir - fini to finish - finished

choisir - choisi to choose - chosen

How would you say this in French?

I have reserved a table.

I have reserved a table. J’ai réservé une table.

How would you say this in French?

I have brought Pierre.

I have brought Pierre. J’ai apporté Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I have forgotten.

I have forgotten. J’ai oublié.

How would you say this in French?

I have chosen.

I have chosen. J’ai choisi.

How would you say this in French?

I have finished.

I have finished. J’ai fini.

How would you say this in French?

I have lost the car.

I have lost the car. J’ai perdu la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

I have sold the car.

I have sold the car. J’ai vendu la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre reserved a table yesterday.

Pierre reserved a table yesterday. Pierre a réservé une table hier.

How would you say this in French?

Marie has brought some food with her.

Marie has brought some food with her. Marie a apporté de la nourriture avec elle.

How would you say this in French?

They have forgotten everything.

They have forgotten everything. Ils ont oublié tout.

How would you say this in French?

She chose the red wine.

She chose the red wine. Elle a choisi le vin rouge.

How would you say this in French?

You have finished now.

You have finished now. Tu as fini maintenant. / Vous avez fini maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

We have lost the key.

We have lost the key. Nous avons perdu la clé.

How would you say this in French?

She has sold the house.

She has sold the house. Elle a vendu la maison.

Irregulars Now, although most of the verbs in French follow the normal rule for changing into the past participle, there are a few verbs which do their own thing. So, here are some verbs that we call “irregular”. Again, the infinitive is on the left and the past participle is on the right. These verbs don’t follow the “er – é”, “ir – i" or “re – u” rules.

boire - bu to drink - drunk

faire - fait to make / to do - made / done

voir - vu to see - seen

prendre - pris to take - taken

apprendre - appris to learn - learned

comprendre - compris to understand - understood

How would you say this in French?

I have drunk.

I have drunk. J’ai bu.

How would you say this in French?

I have done.

I have done. J’ai fait.

How would you say this in French?

I have seen Pierre.

I have seen Pierre. J’ai vu Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I have taken.

I have taken. J’ai pris.

How would you say this in French?

I have learned.

I have learned. J’ai appris.

How would you say this in French?

I have understood.

I have understood. J’ai compris.

How would you say this in French?

He drank too much wine.

He drank too much wine. Il a bu trop de vin.

How would you say this in French?

She has done everything today.

She has done everything today. Elle a fait tout aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

They saw the Eiffel Tower.

They saw the Eiffel Tower. Ils ont vu la Tour Eiffel.

How would you say this in French?

We took the car with us.

We took the car with us. Nous avons pris la voiture avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

He learnt French.

He learnt French. Il a appris le franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

She understood Michel very well.

She understood Michel very well. Elle a compris Michel très bien.

Talking about the past So, here’s a recap of the past tense before I let you loose on some translations. STEP 1: Use an auxiliary verb

J’AI I HAVE STEP 2: Add the past participle

MANGÉ EATEN

WORD LIST SO FAR VERBS apporter/apporté – to bring/brought oublier/oublié – to forget/forgotten perdre/perdu – to lose/lost vendre/vendu – to sell/sold attendre/attendu – to wait/waited finir/fini – to finish/finished choisir/choisi – to choose/chosen AUXILIARY VERBS j'ai – I have tu as – you have il a – he has elle a – she has Pierre a – Pierre has nous avons – we have vous avez – you have ils ont – they have PAST PARTICIPLE er - é ir - i re - u

IRREGULAR VERBS boire/bu – to drink/drunk faire/fait – to do/done – to make/made voir/vu – to see/seen prendre/pris – to take/taken apprendre/appris – to learn/learned comprendre/compris – to understand/understood

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Pierre is tired because he drank too much wine

2.

We have sold the car because it was too expensive

3.

I waited here yesterday

4.

They finished before me

5.

Marie chose the red wine but I chose the white wine

6.

You forgot the cheese!

7.

I lost my passport in my room

8.

I understood everything very well but Pierre didn't understand

9.

I made a cake for you

10. I learnt French because I would like to go to Paris

1.

Pierre est fatigué parce qu’il a bu trop de vin

2.

Nous avons vendu la voiture parce qu’elle était trop chère

3.

J’ai attendu ici hier

4.

Ils ont fini avant moi

5.

Marie a choisi le vin rouge mais j’ai choisi le vin blanc

6.

Vous avez / Tu as oublié le fromage!

7.

J’ai perdu mon passeport dans ma chambre

8.

J’ai compris tout très bien mais Pierre n’a pas compris

9.

J’ai fait un gâteau pour vous

10. J’ai appris le français parce que je voudrais aller à Paris

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Il a vu la Tour Eiffel en France 2. Elle a pris les billets avec elle 3. Vous avez / Tu as apporté le vin et j’ai apporté la nourriture 4. Ils ont oublié les billets pour le train 5. J’ai pris tout avec moi hier 6. J’ai vu ce film et je l’aime beaucoup 7. Il a fait tout hier et elle a fait tout aujourd’hui 8. Nous avons appris ҫa 9. Marie a bu mon vin parce que je ne l’aime pas 10. Nous avons compris beaucoup mais pas tout

1.

He saw the Eiffel Tower in France

2.

She took the tickets with her

3.

You brought the wine and I brought the food

4.

They forgot the tickets for the train

5.

I took everything with me yesterday

6.

I've seen this film and I like it a lot

7.

He did everything yesterday and she did everything today

8.

We learnt that

9.

Marie drank my wine because I don't like it

10. We understood a lot but not everything What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like to buy dinner for you tonight

2.

The food is delicious but everything is always very expensive here

3.

Is there a good restaurant near here?

4.

What is there for (the) children?

5.

Do you want to try something different today?

6.

Is that for me?

7.

Is it possible for me to pay later?

8.

There is a problem with the shower in my room

9.

There are too many people here today

10. It's absolutely extraordinary here

1.

Je voudrais acheter le dîner pour vous ce soir

2.

La nourriture est délicieuse mais tout est toujours très cher ici

3.

Y a-t-il un bon restaurant près d’ici?

4.

Qu’y a-t-il pour les enfants?

5.

Voulez-vous essayer quelque chose de différent aujourd’hui?

6.

Est-ce que ҫa c’est pour moi?

7.

Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de payer plus tard?

8.

Il y a un problème avec la douche dans ma chambre

9.

Il y a trop de personnes ici aujourd’hui

10. C’est absolument extraordinaire ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas mauvais mais ce n’est pas parfait 2. Ce n’est pas pour lui ; c’est pour moi 3. Puis-je faire une réservation pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît? 4. C’est combien pour trois jours? 5. Excusez-moi, où puis-je louer une voiture pour deux semaines? 6. Je voudrais aller à la plage demain 7. Puis-je aller avec Pierre chez Sophie plus tard? 8. Je voudrais payer par carte 9. Il est cinq heures 10. Une bouteille de vin rouge est huit euros cinquante

1.

It isn't bad but it isn't perfect

2.

It isn't for him; it's for me

3.

Can I make a reservation for three people, please?

4.

How much is it for three days?

5.

Excuse me, where can I hire a car for two weeks?

6.

I would like to go to the beach tomorrow

7.

Can I go with Pierre to Sophie's house later?

8.

I would like to pay by card

9.

It's five o'clock

10. A bottle of red wine is eight euros fifty

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. he isn't 2. expensive 3. no problem 4. now 5. is he? 6. I am 7. the same thing as you 8. do you want? 9. (to) understand / understood 10. the time (to…) 11. I ordered 12. I've caught 13. in a hurry 14. fine / well 15. there is / there are 16. I ate / I've eaten 17. with me 18. I'm called 19. today 20. Miss 21. (to) see / seen

22. Mr 23. another (a different type) 24. I’m not going 25. the same thing as Pierre 26. I have reserved / I have booked 27. a cold 28. the same thing 29. (to) wait / waited 30. how 31. yesterday 32. (to) bring / brought 33. a problem 34. busy 35. Pierre has 36. it was 37. too many people 38. in the room 39. I have brought 40. (to) learn / learned 41. what 42. the same thing as him 43. (to) lose / lost 44. (to) drink

45. (to) see 46. I’m doing well 47. are you? 48. something + adjective 49. interesting 50. (to) make/do it 51. (to) bring 52. I haven't reserved / booked 53. (to) sell / sold 54. (to) change (modify) 55. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 56. ill 57. (to) do / done 58. too much noise 59. my mum 60. (to) buy 61. I've hurt my… 62. some/any medicine 63. too much… / too many… 64. possible for me to… 65. because 66. he has 67. I haven't brought

68. I don't feel 69. (to) order 70. she has 71. tired 72. I haven't / I don't have 73. something French 74. some stamps / any stamps 75. a souvenir 76. another (the same type) / again 77. (to) change (exchange) 78. something 79. I’m going 80. the flu 81. she is 82. a postcard 83. I've broken my… 84. (to) forget / forgotten 85. she isn't 86. (to) try it 87. I'm not 88. is there? / are there? 89. later 90. a lot of

91. you have 92. too many cockroaches 93. possible (to...) 94. was 95. the same thing as me 96. is she? 97. far 98. are you going? 99. it wasn't 100. in the name of 101. something good 102. how are you? 103. (to) change it 104. (to) choose / chosen 105. we have 106. I feel 107. (to) take / taken 108. (to) drink / drunk 109. (to) eat 110. I have 111. (to) finish / finished 112. for you 113. he is

114. they have 115. things to… 116. far from here 117. something from the region 118. the same thing as her 119. (to) make / made 120. wasn't 121. (to) buy it 122. near here 123. if it's possible 124. Mrs 125. is it…?

1. il n'est pas 2. cher 3. pas de problème 4. maintenant 5. est-il? 6. je suis 7. la même chose que vous 8. voulez-vous? 9. comprendre / compris 10. le temps (de…) 11. j'ai commandé 12. j'ai attrapé 13. pressé 14. bien 15. il y a 16. j'ai mangé 17. avec moi 18. je m'appelle 19. aujourd'hui 20. mademoiselle (Mlle) 21. voir / vu 22. monsieur (M.) 23. un/une autre

24. je ne vais pas 25. la même chose que Pierre 26. j'ai réservé 27. un rhume 28. la même chose 29. attendre / attendu 30. comment 31. hier 32. apporter / apporté 33. un problème 34. occupé 35. Pierre a 36. c'était 37. trop de monde / trop de personnes 38. dans la chambre 39. j'ai apporté 40. apprendre / appris 41. que 42. la même chose que lui 43. perdre / perdu 44. boire 45. voir 46. je vais bien

47. êtes-vous? 48. quelque chose de + adjective 49. intéressant 50. le faire 51. apporter 52. je n'ai pas réservé 53. vendre / vendu 54. changer 55. il n'y a pas de… 56. malade 57. faire / fait 58. trop de bruit 59. ma mère 60. acheter 61. j'ai mal à… 62. un médicament 63. trop de… 64. possible pour moi de… 65. parce que 66. il a 67. je n'ai pas apporté 68. je ne me sens pas 69. commander

70. elle a 71. fatigué 72. je n'ai pas 73. quelque chose de français 74. des timbres 75. un souvenir 76. encore 77. changer de 78. quelque chose 79. je vais 80. la grippe 81. elle est 82. une carte postale 83. je me suis cassé… 84. oublier / oublié 85. elle n'est pas 86. l'essayer 87. je ne suis pas 88. y a-t-il? 89. plus tard 90. beaucoup de 91. vous avez / tu as 92. trop de cafards

93. possible (de…) 94. était 95. la même chose que moi 96. est-elle? 97. loin 98. allez-vous? 99. ce n'était pas 100. sous le nom de 101. quelque chose de bon 102. comment allez-vous? 103. le changer 104. choisir / choisi 105. nous avons 106. je me sens 107. prendre / pris 108. boire / bu 109. manger 110. j'ai 111. finir / fini 112. pour vous 113. il est 114. ils ont 115. choses à…

116. loin d'ici 117. quelque chose de la région 118. la même chose qu'elle 119. faire / fait 120. n'était pas 121. l'acheter 122. près d’ici 123. si c'est possible 124. madame (Mme.) 125. est-ce que c'est…?

LESSON 43 ½ Now, this is just a quick lesson to talk about a little problem that appears in English, not in French…

The Past Tense So, we’ve learnt so far that the past tense in French is made up of two different parts :

J’ai 2mangé 1I have 2eaten 1

J’AI

1

MANGÉ

2

AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

I HAVE

EATEN

This is all fine and dandy, but, in English, we have two ways to talk about the past. You can say either

I have eaten or

I ate Thankfully, in French, there is only the one version, so no matter whether you want to say "I have eaten" or "I ate", in French, it’s always just "j’ai mangé". In English, the "I ate" version is called the "simple past" and the "I have eaten" version is called the "present perfect". In French, the simple past

doesn’t exist, they only have the present perfect tense (even though it has the word "present" in it, it is actually a past tense).

So, keeping in mind that there is only one way to talk about the past in French, how would you say these? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

I have eaten I ate You have eaten You ate He has eaten He ate She has eaten She ate Pierre has eaten Pierre ate Marie has eaten Marie ate We have eaten We ate They have eaten They ate I have waited I waited You have waited You waited He has waited He waited She has waited She waited Pierre has waited Pierre waited Marie has waited Marie waited We have waited We waited They have waited They waited I have finished I finished

35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.

You have finished You finished He has finished He finished She has finished She finished Pierre has finished Pierre finished Marie has finished Marie finished We have finished We finished They have finished They finished I have reserved a table I reserved a table I have brought Pierre with me I brought Pierre with me I have forgotten I forgot I have chosen I chose I have finished I finished I have lost the car I lost the car I have sold the car I sold the car I have drunk I drank I have done I did I have seen Pierre I saw Pierre I have taken I took I have learnt

72. I learnt 73. I have understood 74. I understood

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

J’ai mangé J’ai mangé Tu as mangé / vous avez mangé Tu as mangé / vous avez mangé Il a mangé Il a mangé Elle a mangé Elle a mangé Pierre a mangé Pierre mangé Marie a mangé Marie a mangé Nous avons mangé Nous avons mangé Ils ont mangé Ils ont mangé J’ai attendu J’ai attendu Tu as attendu / vous avez attendu Tu as attendu / vous avez attendu Il a attendu Il a attendu Elle a attendu Elle a attendu Pierre a attendu Pierre a attendu Marie a attendu Marie a attendu Nous avons attendu Nous avons attendu Ils ont attendu Ils ont attendu J’ai fini J’ai fini Tu as fini / vous avez fini

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

Tu as fini / vous avez fini Il a fini Il a fini Elle a fini Elle a fini Pierre a fini Pierre a fini Marie a fini Marie a fini Nous avons fini Nous avons fini Ils ont fini Ils ont fini J’ai réservé une table J’ai réservé une table J’ai apporté Pierre avec moi J’ai apporté Pierre avec moi J’ai oublié J’ai oublié J’ai choisi J’ai choisi J’ai fini J’ai fini J’ai perdu la voiture J’ai perdu la voiture J’ai vendu la voiture J’ai vendu la voiture J’ai bu J’ai bu J’ai fait J’ai fait J’ai vu Pierre J’ai vu Pierre J’ai pris J’ai pris J’ai appris J’ai appris

73. J’ai compris 74. J’ai compris

LESSON 44 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to bring / brought to forget / forgotten to lose / lost to sell / sold to wait / waited to finish / finished to choose / chosen to drink / drunk to do/make / done/made to see / seen to take / taken to learn / learnt to understand / understood I have you have he has she has Pierre has we have they have

In this lesson, we’ll add a little extra to the past tense

The Negative Past Tense So, in the last lesson, we learnt how the past was made up of two parts :

J’ai 2mangé 1I have 2eaten 1

J’AI

1

MANGÉ

2

AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

I HAVE

EATEN

But, what if you want to say that you haven’t eaten? Well, all you do is change the auxiliary verb slightly to make it negative.

1

JE N’AI PAS

1

NEGATIVE AUXILIARY VERB .

I HAVEN’T

Je n’ai pas 2mangé 1I haven’t 2eaten MANGÉ

2

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN

So, “je n’ai pas” means “I haven’t”. Therefore, how would you say this in French?

I haven’t ordered.

I haven’t ordered. Je n’ai pas commandé.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t eaten.

I haven’t eaten. Je n’ai pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t reserved.

I haven’t reserved. Je n’ai pas réservé.

Changing the auxiliary Can you remember all the different versions of the auxiliary verbs from the last lesson? J’AI I HAVE TU AS YOU HAVE IL A HE HAS ELLE A SHE HAS PIERRE A PIERRE NOUS HAS AVONS WE HAVE VOUS AVEZ YOU HAVE ILS ONT THEY HAVE Well, as you’ve seen, to change “I have” to “I haven’t” in French, you simply have to put a n’...pas around the “have” part:

J’AI - JE N’AI PAS I have - I haven’t You can do the same to change any of the auxiliaries into their negative versions, For example:

IL A - IL N’A PAS he has - he hasn’t

How would you say this in French?

He hasn’t ordered.

He hasn’t ordered. Il n’a pas commandé.

How would you say this in French:

He hasn’t eaten.

He hasn’t eaten. Il n’a pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

He hasn’t reserved.

He hasn’t reserved. Il n’a pas réservé.

The Negative Auxiliary Here is the entire list of the negative conjugation for the auxiliary verb: JE N’AI PAS I HAVEN’T TU N’AS PAS YOU HAVEN’T IL N’A PAS HE HASN’T ELLE N’A PAS SHE HASN’T PIERRE N’A PIERRE PAS HASN’T NOUS WE HAVEN’T N’AVONS PAS YOU HAVEN’T VOUS N’AVEZ THEY PAS HAVEN’T ILS N’ONT PAS

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t eaten.

I haven’t eaten. Je n’ai pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

You haven’t eaten.

You haven’t eaten. Tu n’as pas mangé. / Vous n’avez pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

He hasn’t eaten.

He hasn’t eaten. Il n’a pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

She hasn’t eaten.

She hasn’t eaten. Elle n’a pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre hasn’t eaten.

Pierre hasn’t eaten. Pierre n’a pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

Marie hasn’t eaten.

Marie hasn’t eaten. Marie n’a pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

We haven’t eaten.

We haven’t eaten. Nous n’avons pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

They haven’t eaten.

They haven’t eaten. Ils n’ont pas mangé.

See if you can put these sentences into French. The answers are on the next page: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

I haven’t waited You haven’t waited He hasn’t waited She hasn’t waited Pierre hasn’t waited Marie hasn’t waited We haven’t waited They haven’t waited I haven’t finished You haven’t finished He hasn’t finished She hasn’t finished Pierre hasn’t finished Marie hasn’t finished We haven’t finished They haven’t finished

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Je n’ai pas attendu Tu n’as pas attendu / Vous n’avez pas attendu Il n’a pas attendu Elle n’a pas attendu Pierre n’a pas attendu Marie n’a pas attendu Nous n’avons pas attendu Ils n’ont pas attendu Je n’ai pas fini Tu n’as pas fini / Vous n’avez pas fini Il n’a pas fini Elle n’a pas fini Pierre n’a pas fini Marie n’a pas fini Nous n’avons pas fini Ils n’ont pas fini

WORD LIST SO FAR je n’ai pas – I haven’t tu n’as pas / vous n’avez pas – You haven’t il n’a pas – he hasn’t elle n’a pas – she hasn’t Pierre n’a pas – Pierre hasn’t nous n’avons pas – we haven’t ils n’ont pas – they haven’t

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I haven't finished everything

2.

He hasn't seen Marie today

3.

Pierre hasn't eaten much (a lot) today because he is ill

4.

They haven't brought any wine

5.

We haven't seen this film, it's very good

6.

You haven't drunk the coffee

7.

He hasn't made a reservation

8.

She hasn't booked a table for tomorrow

9.

They haven't learnt English

10. Marie hasn't sold the car

1.

Je n’ai pas fini tout

2.

Il n’a pas vu Marie aujourd’hui

3.

Pierre n’a pas mangé beaucoup aujourd’hui parce qu’il est malade

4.

Ils n’ont pas apporté de vin

5.

Nous n’avons pas vu ce film, c’est très bon

6.

Tu n’as pas / Vous n’avez pas bu le café

7.

Il n’a pas fait une réservation

8.

Elle n’a pas réservé une table pour demain

9.

Ils n’ont pas appris l’anglais

10. Marie n’a pas vendu la voiture

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je n’ai pas mangé beaucoup de nourriture aujourd’hui parce que je suis très occupé 2. Il n’a pas bu de vin 3. Je n’ai pas choisi mais j’aime ce vin rouge 4. Elle n’a pas pris la voiture ; elle est là 5. Pierre n’a pas compris 6. Je n’ai pas perdu la voiture 7. Je n’ai pas oublié mon passeport mais je n’ai pas mes billets 8. Il n’a pas fait tout ; Marie a fait beaucoup 9. Nous n’avons pas fait un gâteau parce que nous avons oublié 10. Je me sens très malade et je n’ai pas fait le dîner

1.

I haven't eaten much (a lot of) food today because I'm very busy

2.

He hasn't drunk any wine

3.

I haven't chosen but I like this red wine

4.

She hasn't taken the car; it's there

5.

Pierre hasn't understood

6.

I haven't lost the car

7.

I haven't forgotten my passport but I don't have my tickets

8.

He hasn't done everything; Marie did a lot

9.

We haven't made a cake because we forgot

10. I feel very ill and I haven't made the dinner

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The bill is fifty euros but I don’t have any money with me

2.

Can I try the carrots?

3.

I’m going to take a taxi to the hotel because it’s (he is) too far

4.

Take the first road on the left and then the third road on the right

5.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

6.

I like the red coat but I prefer it in orange

7.

Do you want to try my wine?

8.

I think everybody is very nice

9.

I’ve caught a terrible cold again

10. It’s delicious, but is it good for me?

1.

L’addition est cinquante euros mais je n’ai pas d’argent avec moi

2.

Puis-je essayer les carottes?

3.

Je vais prendre un taxi à l’hôtel parce qu’il est trop loin

4.

Prenez la première rue à gauche et puis la troisième rue à droite

5.

Pour moi, le restaurant est fantastique

6.

J’aime le manteau rouge mais je le préfère en orange

7.

Voulez-vous essayer mon vin?

8.

Pour moi, tout le monde est très sympa

9.

J’ai attrapé encore un rhume terrible

10. C’est délicieux, mais est-ce que c’est bon pour moi?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais encore deux bouteilles d’eau, s’il vous plaît 2. La clé pour ma chambre ne marche pas 3. Excusez-moi, où sont les chariots? 4. Le thé est pour lui et le café est pour moi 5. J’ai commandé le poulet pour moi mais je n’ai pas commandé pour vous 6. Je me suis cassé la jambe 7. J’ai une réservation sous le nom de Charles 8. Qu’allez-vous acheter pour Marie? 9. C’est combien l’addition? 10. Quels allez-vous choisir?

1. I would like another two bottles of water, please 2. The key for my room doesn’t work 3. Excuse me, where are the trolleys? 4. The tea is for him and the coffee is for me 5. I’ve ordered the chicken for me but I haven’t ordered for you 6. I’ve broken my leg 7. I have a reservation in the name of Charles 8. What are you going to buy for Marie? 9. How much is the bill? 10. Which ones are you going to choose?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. (to) buy 2. (to) order 3. for you 4. a souvenir 5. what 6. too many cockroaches 7. possible (to...) 8. is there? / are there? 9. the time (to…) 10. I’m not going 11. with me 12. is he? 13. busy 14. possible for me to… 15. (to) lose / lost 16. he has 17. they haven't 18. (to) choose / chosen 19. (to) make/do it 20. I've broken my… 21. something French

22. are you going? 23. (to) see / seen 24. (to) do / done 25. (to) try it 26. because 27. ill 28. another (a different type) 29. (to) finish / finished 30. a postcard 31. something from the region 32. (to) make / made 33. a problem 34. Mr 35. later 36. near here 37. (to) change (modify) 38. the same thing as her 39. is she? 40. I have brought 41. I haven't / I don't have 42. (to) take / taken 43. they have 44. the same thing as him

45. too much noise 46. I'm not 47. something good 48. in the room 49. things to… 50. far 51. Pierre has 52. (to) forget / forgotten 53. the flu 54. she hasn't 55. something 56. another (the same type) / again 57. we haven't 58. I ordered 59. I've caught 60. some stamps / any stamps 61. it was 62. tired 63. (to) change (exchange) 64. Miss 65. no problem 66. in a hurry 67. (to) eat

68. the same thing as me 69. if it's possible 70. was 71. how are you? 72. the same thing as you 73. how 74. I’m doing well 75. a lot of 76. I haven't brought 77. (to) bring 78. you haven't 79. she isn't 80. wasn't 81. do you want? 82. I'm called 83. (to) sell / sold 84. in the name of 85. (to) understand / understood 86. I've hurt my… 87. some/any medicine 88. I have reserved / I have booked 89. Mrs 90. the same thing as Pierre

91. interesting 92. I ate / I've eaten 93. he is 94. I feel 95. too much… / too many… 96. a cold 97. something + adjective 98. are you? 99. (to) bring / brought 100. my mum 101. is it…? 102. far from here 103. yesterday 104. I’m going 105. you have 106. he hasn't 107. fine / well 108. the same thing 109. (to) change it 110. (to) drink / drunk 111. she has 112. (to) learn / learned 113. (to) drink

114. (to) buy it 115. today 116. there is / there are 117. now 118. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 119. too many people 120. I am 121. Pierre hasn't 122. (to) see 123. I haven't reserved / booked 124. she is 125. it wasn't 126. I have 127. (to) wait / waited 128. he isn't 129. expensive 130. I don't feel 131. we have

1. acheter 2. commander 3. pour vous 4. un souvenir 5. que 6. trop de cafards 7. possible (de…) 8. y a-t-il? 9. le temps (de…) 10. je ne vais pas 11. avec moi 12. est-il? 13. occupé 14. possible pour moi de… 15. perdre / perdu 16. il a 17. ils n'ont pas 18. choisir / choisi 19. le faire 20. je me suis cassé… 21. quelque chose de français 22. allez-vous? 23. voir / vu

24. faire / fait 25. l'essayer 26. parce que 27. malade 28. un/une autre 29. finir / fini 30. une carte postale 31. quelque chose de la région 32. faire / fait 33. un problème 34. monsieur (M.) 35. plus tard 36. près d’ici 37. changer 38. la même chose qu'elle 39. est-elle? 40. j'ai apporté 41. je n'ai pas 42. prendre / pris 43. ils ont 44. la même chose que lui 45. trop de bruit 46. je ne suis pas

47. quelque chose de bon 48. dans la chambre 49. choses à… 50. loin 51. Pierre a 52. oublier / oublié 53. la grippe 54. elle n'a pas 55. quelque chose 56. encore 57. nous n'avons pas 58. j'ai commandé 59. j'ai attrapé 60. des timbres 61. c'était 62. fatigué 63. changer de 64. mademoiselle (Mlle) 65. pas de problème 66. pressé 67. manger 68. la même chose que moi 69. si c'est possible

70. était 71. comment allez-vous? 72. la même chose que vous 73. comment 74. je vais bien 75. beaucoup de 76. je n'ai pas apporté 77. apporter 78. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 79. elle n'est pas 80. n'était pas 81. voulez-vous? 82. je m'appelle 83. vendre / vendu 84. sous le nom de 85. comprendre / compris 86. j'ai mal à… 87. un médicament 88. j'ai réservé 89. madame (Mme.) 90. la même chose que Pierre 91. intéressant 92. j'ai mangé

93. il est 94. je me sens 95. trop de… 96. un rhume 97. quelque chose de + adjective 98. êtes-vous? 99. apporter / apporté 100. ma mère 101. est-ce que c'est…? 102. loin d'ici 103. hier 104. je vais 105. vous avez / tu as 106. il n'a pas 107. bien 108. la même chose 109. le changer 110. boire / bu 111. elle a 112. apprendre / appris 113. boire 114. l'acheter 115. aujourd'hui

116. il y a 117. maintenant 118. il n'y a pas de… 119. trop de monde / trop de personnes 120. je suis 121. Pierre n'a pas 122. voir 123. je n'ai pas réservé 124. elle est 125. ce n'était pas 126. j'ai 127. attendre / attendu 128. il n'est pas 129. cher 130. je ne me sens pas 131. nous avons

LESSON 44½ Now, this is just another quick lesson to talk about another little problem that exists in English but not in French.

The Negative Past Tense JE N’AI PAS

1

NEGATIVE AUXILIARY VERB .

I HAVEN’T

MANGÉ

2

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN

So, hopefully, you’ve now grasped how to talk about the past in the negative. Again, this is all fine and dandy in French, but in English, we have two ways to talk about the negative past. You can either say :

I haven’t eaten or

I didn’t eat

Thankfully, in French, there is only one version. Therefore, no matter whether you want to say "I haven’t eaten" or "I didn’t eat", it’s always just "je n’ai pas mangé".

Je n’ai pas mangé I haven’t eaten / I didn’t eat

See if you can put these sentences into French. The answers are at the end: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

I haven’t eaten I didn’t eat You haven’t eaten You didn’t eat He hasn’t eaten He didn’t eat She hasn’t eaten She didn’t eat Pierre hasn’t eaten Pierre didn’t eat Marie hasn’t eaten Marie didn’t eat We haven’t eaten We didn’t eat They haven’t eaten They didn’t eat I haven’t waited I didn’t wait You haven’t waited You didn’t wait He hasn’t waited He didn’t wait She hasn’t waited She didn’t wait Pierre hasn’t waited Pierre didn’t wait Marie hasn’t waited Marie didn’t wait We haven’t waited We didn’t wait They haven’t waited They didn’t wait I haven’t finished I didn’t finish You haven’t finished

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

You didn’t finish He hasn’t finished He didn’t finish She hasn’t finished She didn’t finish Pierre hasn’t finished Pierre didn’t finish Marie hasn’t finished Marie didn’t finish We haven’t finished We didn’t finish They haven’t finished They didn’t finish I haven’t reserved a table I didn’t reserve a table I haven’t brought Pierre I didn’t bring Pierre I haven’t forgotten I didn’t forget I haven’t chosen I didn’t choose I haven’t finished I didn’t finish I haven’t lost the car I didn’t lose the car I haven’t sold the car I didn’t sell the car I haven’t drunk I didn’t drink I haven’t done I didn’t do I haven’t seen Pierre I didn’t see Pierre I haven’t taken I didn’t take I haven’t learnt I didn’t learn

73. I haven’t understood 74. I didn’t understand

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

Je n’ai pas mangé Je n’ai pas mangé Tu n’as pas mangé / Vous n’avez pas mangé Tu n’as pas mangé / Vous n’avez pas mangé Il n’a pas mangé Il n’a pas mangé Elle n’a pas mangé Elle n’a pas mangé Pierre n’a pas mangé Pierre n’a pas mangé Marie n’a pas mangé Marie n’a pas mangé Nous n’avons pas mangé Nous n’avons pas mangé Ils n’ont pas mangé Ils n’ont pas mangé Je n’ai pas attendu Je n’ai pas attendu Tu n’as pas attendu / Vous n’avez pas attendu Tu n’as pas attendu / Vous n’avez pas attendu Il n’a pas attendu Il n’a pas attendu Elle n’a pas attendu Elle n’a pas attendu Pierre n’a pas attendu Pierre n’a pas attendu Marie n’a pas attendu Marie n’a pas attendu Nous n’avons pas attendu Nous n’avons pas attendu Ils n’ont pas attendu Ils n’ont pas attendu Je n’ai pas fini Je n’ai pas fini Tu n’as pas fini / Vous n’avez pas fini

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

Tu n’as pas fini / Vous n’avez pas fini Il n’a pas fini Il n’a pas fini Elle n’a pas fini Elle n’a pas fini Pierre n’a pas fini Pierre n’a pas fini Marie n’a pas fini Marie n’a pas fini Nous n’avons pas fini Nous n’avons pas fini Ils n’ont pas fini Ils n’ont pas fini Je n’ai pas réservé une table Je n’ai pas réservé une table Je n’ai pas apporté Pierre Je n’ai pas apporté Pierre Je n’ai pas oublié Je n’ai pas oublié Je n’ai pas choisi Je n’ai pas choisi Je n’ai pas fini Je n’ai pas fini Je n’ai pas perdu la voiture Je n’ai pas perdu la voiture Je n’ai pas vendu la voiture Je n’ai pas vendu la voiture Je n’ai pas bu Je n’ai pas bu Je n’ai pas fait Je n’ai pas fait Je n’ai pas vu Pierre Je n’ai pas vu Pierre Je n’ai pas pris Je n’ai pas pris Je n’ai pas appris Je n’ai pas appris

73. Je n’ai pas compris 74. Je n’ai pas compris

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons forty-two to forty-four of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons forty-five to forty-seven, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 45 – 47 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 42-44”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 45 LESSON 45½ LESSON 46 LESSON 46½ LESSON 47 Merci

LESSON 45 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I haven’t / I didn’t you haven’t / you didn’t he hasn’t / he didn’t she hasn’t / she didn’t Pierre hasn’t / Pierre didn’t we haven’t / we didn’t they haven’t / they didn’t If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In this lesson, we’ll add a little more to the past tense…

Questions in the past So, a few lessons ago, we learnt how the past was made up of two parts :

J’ai 2mangé 1I have 2eaten 1

J’AI

MANGÉ

1

2

AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

I HAVE

EATEN

And then, we learnt that you can make this negative :

1

JE N’AI PAS

1

Je n’ai pas 2mangé 1I haven’t 2eaten MANGÉ

2

NEGATIVE AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN

I HAVEN’T

But what if you want to ask a question in the past ? Well, it’s pretty simple – you just change the auxiliary verb around slightly :

Avez-vous 2mangé? 1Have you 2eaten?

1

AVEZ-VOUS

1

MANGÉ?

2

PAST PARTICIPLE .

QUESTION AUXILIARY VERB .

HAVE YOU

EATEN?

So, “avez-vous” means “have you”. How would you say this in French?

Have you ordered?

Have you ordered? Avez-vous commandé?

How would you say this in French?

Have you eaten?

Have you eaten? Avez-vous mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Have you reserved?

Have you reserved? Avez-vous réservé?

Inverting the auxiliary verb So, all you have to do is swap round the auxiliary verb to make it into a question. You also join it with a hyphen.

VOUS AVEZ - AVEZ-VOUS you have - have you You can do the same to change any of the auxiliaries into their question versions, For example:

ILS ONT - ONT-ILS they have - have they

So, how would you say this in French?

Have they ordered?

Have they ordered? Ont-ils commandé ?

How would you say this in French:

Have they eaten?

Have they eaten? Ont-ils mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Have they reserved?

Have they reserved? Ont-ils réservé ?

The Question Auxiliary Here is the entire list of the question conjugation for the auxiliary verb: AI-JE AS-TU A-T-IL A-T-ELLE PIERRE A-T-IL AVONS-NOUS AVEZ-VOUS ONT-ILS

HAVE I HAVE YOU HAS HE HAS SHE HAS PIERRE HAVE WE HAVE YOU HAVE THEY

Have you seen that little -t- that has crept in with a-t-il and a-t-elle? Turn over the page to find out more.

T You may have noticed that when you invert “il a” and “elle a”, they gain a little “t”. This is purely to make the word sound nicer to French ears. A-T-ELLE and A-T-IL sound much nicer to the French than just plain old “A-ELLE” and “A-IL”, so that’s why the T is there. Similarly, when you use a name, like Pierre, you put the name first and then put “a-t-il” or “a-t-elle afterwards. For example, “Pierre a-t-il” means “has Pierre” or “Marie a-t-elle” means “has Marie”.

How would you say this in French?

Have I eaten?

Have I eaten? Ai-je mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Have you eaten?

Have you eaten? As-tu mangé ? / Avez-vous mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Has he eaten?

Has he eaten? A-t-il mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Has she eaten?

Has she eaten? A-t-elle mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Has Pierre eaten?

Has Pierre eaten? Pierre a-t-il mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Has Marie eaten?

Has Marie eaten? Marie a-t-elle mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Have we eaten?

Have we eaten? Avons-nous mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Have they eaten?

Have they eaten? Ont-ils mangé ?

See if you can put these questions into French. The answers are on the next page: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Have I waited? Have you waited? Has he waited? Has she waited? Has Pierre waited? Has Marie waited? Have we waited? Have they waited? Have I finished? Have you finished? Has he finished? Has she finished? Has Pierre finished? Has Marie finished? Have we finished? Have they finished?

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Ai-je attendu? As-tu attendu? / Avez-vous attendu? A-t-il attendu? A-t-elle attendu? Pierre a-t-il attendu? Marie a-t-elle attendu? Avons-nous attendu? Ont-ils attendu? Ai-je fini? As-tu fini? / Avez-vous fini? A-t-il fini? A-t-elle fini? Pierre a-t-il fini? Marie a-t-elle fini? Avons-nous fini? Ont-ils fini?

WORD LIST SO FAR ai-je – have I as-tu / avez-vous – have you a-t-il – has he a-t-elle – has she Pierre a-t-il – has Pierre avons-nous – have we ont-ils – have they

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Have you ordered some wine?

2.

Have you reserved a table for tonight?

3.

Has Marie finished everything?

4.

Has he seen the car?

5.

Have we done everything for tomorrow?

6.

Have they taken the tickets for the train?

7.

Have you made dinner?

8.

Has she lost the key for the room?

9.

Has Pierre sold the house?

10. Have they chosen the wine?

1.

Avez-vous commandé du vin?

2.

Avez-vous réservé une table pour ce soir?

3.

Marie a-t-elle fini tout?

4.

A-t-il vu la voiture?

5.

Avons-nous fait tout pour demain?

6.

Ont-ils pris les billets pour le train?

7.

Avez-vous fait le dîner?

8.

A-t-elle perdu la clé pour la chambre?

9.

Pierre a-t-il vendu la maison?

10. Ont-ils choisi le vin?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ai-je oublié quelque chose? 2. Claude a-t-il apporté quelque chose pour le déjeuner? 3. Ont-ils vendu la voiture? 4. A-t-il choisi quelque chose d’intéressant? 5. As-tu fini? Il est dix-sept heures 6. Avons-nous pris la clé de Pierre? 7. As-tu fait tout? 8. Ont-ils vu ce film? 9. A-t-elle bu le café? 10. Avez-vous oublié les passeports?

1. Have I forgotten something? 2. Has Claude brought something for lunch? 3. Have they sold the car? 4. Has he chosen anything interesting? 5. Have you finished? It’s 5pm 6. Have we taken Pierre’s key? 7. Have you done everything? 8. Have they seen this film? 9. Has she drunk the coffee? 10. Have you forgotten the passports?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I don’t have the tickets with me

2.

Is it very far from here?

3.

Is it possible for me to try the wine?

4.

Excuse me, there’s no television in my room

5.

There are always lots of things to see in Paris

6.

What do you want to buy for breakfast tomorrow?

7.

I’m going to do that tomorrow

8.

Do you have any postcards of the city?

9.

Where are the souvenirs? I would like to buy something from Marseille for my mum

10. There is a good restaurant here

1.

Je n’ai pas les billets avec moi

2.

Est-ce que c’est très loin d’ici?

3.

Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi d’essayer le vin?

4.

Excusez-moi, il n’y a pas de télévision dans ma chambre

5.

Il y a toujours beaucoup de choses à voir à Paris

6.

Que voulez-vous acheter pour le petit-déjeuner demain?

7.

Je vais faire cela / ҫa demain

8.

Avez-vous des cartes postales de la ville?

9.

Où sont les souvenirs? Je voudrais acheter quelque chose de Marseille pour ma mère

10. Il y a un bon restaurant ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Il y a une télévision dans la chambre mais pour moi, elle est trop petite 2. Il y a un supermarché près d’ici 3. Qu’y a-t-il à faire à La Rochelle pour deux semaines? 4. J’ai une sœur et un frère 5. Je n’ai pas de cousins 6. Ҫa c’était délicieux, merci 7. J’ai mangé ici hier et j’ai commandé le porc 8. Voulez-vous commander la même chose que moi? 9. J’ai attrapé encore un rhume 10. Marie était malade hier et je suis malade aujourd’hui

1. There is a television in the room but I think it’s too small 2. There’s a supermarket near here 3. What is there to do in La Rochelle for two weeks? 4. I have a sister and a brother 5. I don’t have any cousins 6. That was delicious, thank you 7. I ate here yesterday and I ordered the pork 8. Do you want to order the same thing as me? 9. I’ve caught another cold 10. Marie was ill yesterday and I am ill today

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. some/any medicine 2. I'm not 3. I ordered 4. I am 5. is it…? 6. (to) understand / understood 7. do you want? 8. you haven't 9. too many people 10. (to) do / done 11. a problem 12. (to) order 13. another (a different type) 14. later 15. I've hurt my… 16. he isn't 17. she is 18. if it's possible 19. (to) buy 20. possible (to...) 21. Mrs

22. a cold 23. (to) see 24. (to) bring 25. I’m doing well 26. I’m going 27. (to) choose / chosen 28. (to) sell / sold 29. you have 30. with me 31. because 32. I have brought 33. (to) change (exchange) 34. today 35. I haven't reserved / booked 36. are you going? 37. my mum 38. was 39. I have 40. (to) buy it 41. another (the same type) / again 42. ill 43. it wasn't 44. (to) learn / learned

45. (to) see / seen 46. for you 47. I have reserved / I have booked 48. (to) lose / lost 49. we have 50. (to) take / taken 51. too many cockroaches 52. something + adjective 53. tired 54. I'm called 55. now 56. (to) change (modify) 57. she has 58. a postcard 59. Miss 60. have they 61. something from the region 62. in the room 63. too much… / too many… 64. (to) wait / waited 65. something French 66. is she? 67. has he

68. (to) finish / finished 69. (to) try it 70. expensive 71. is he? 72. has she 73. (to) change it 74. they haven't 75. (to) eat 76. I haven't brought 77. fine / well 78. no problem 79. have we 80. too much noise 81. wasn't 82. she isn't 83. she hasn't 84. the same thing as him 85. the flu 86. he hasn't 87. how 88. the time (to…) 89. far 90. I ate / I've eaten

91. they have 92. I don't feel 93. something 94. I feel 95. a souvenir 96. there is / there are 97. Mr 98. he has 99. far from here 100. interesting 101. yesterday 102. (to) drink 103. in the name of 104. he is 105. a lot of 106. possible for me to… 107. the same thing as me 108. has Pierre 109. (to) make/do it 110. I’m not going 111. have you 112. I've broken my… 113. some stamps / any stamps

114. something good 115. I've caught 116. are you? 117. things to… 118. the same thing as her 119. near here 120. (to) drink / drunk 121. is there? / are there? 122. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 123. (to) make / made 124. the same thing as Pierre 125. in a hurry 126. we haven't 127. have I 128. Pierre hasn't 129. Pierre has 130. I haven't / I don't have 131. busy 132. (to) forget / forgotten 133. what 134. it was 135. (to) bring / brought 136. how are you?

137. the same thing as you 138. the same thing

1. un médicament 2. je ne suis pas 3. j'ai commandé 4. je suis 5. est-ce que c'est…? 6. comprendre / compris 7. voulez-vous? 8. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 9. trop de monde / trop de personnes 10. faire / fait 11. un problème 12. commander 13. un/une autre 14. plus tard 15. j'ai mal à… 16. il n'est pas 17. elle est 18. si c'est possible 19. acheter 20. possible (de…) 21. madame (Mme.) 22. un rhume 23. voir

24. apporter 25. je vais bien 26. je vais 27. choisir / choisi 28. vendre / vendu 29. vous avez / tu as 30. avec moi 31. parce que 32. j'ai apporté 33. changer de 34. aujourd'hui 35. je n'ai pas réservé 36. allez-vous? 37. ma mère 38. était 39. j'ai 40. l'acheter 41. encore 42. malade 43. ce n'était pas 44. apprendre / appris 45. voir / vu 46. pour vous

47. j'ai réservé 48. perdre / perdu 49. nous avons 50. prendre / pris 51. trop de cafards 52. quelque chose de + adjective 53. fatigué 54. je m'appelle 55. maintenant 56. changer 57. elle a 58. une carte postale 59. mademoiselle (Mlle) 60. ont-ils 61. quelque chose de la région 62. dans la chambre 63. trop de… 64. attendre / attendu 65. quelque chose de français 66. est-elle? 67. a-t-il 68. finir / fini 69. l'essayer

70. cher 71. est-il? 72. a-t-elle 73. le changer 74. ils n'ont pas 75. manger 76. je n'ai pas apporté 77. bien 78. pas de problème 79. avons-nous 80. trop de bruit 81. n'était pas 82. elle n'est pas 83. elle n'a pas 84. la même chose que lui 85. la grippe 86. il n'a pas 87. comment 88. le temps (de…) 89. loin 90. j'ai mangé 91. ils ont 92. je ne me sens pas

93. quelque chose 94. je me sens 95. un souvenir 96. il y a 97. monsieur (M.) 98. il a 99. loin d'ici 100. intéressant 101. hier 102. boire 103. sous le nom de 104. il est 105. beaucoup de 106. possible pour moi de… 107. la même chose que moi 108. Pierre a-t-il 109. le faire 110. je ne vais pas 111. avez-vous / as-tu 112. je me suis cassé… 113. des timbres 114. quelque chose de bon 115. j'ai attrapé

116. êtes-vous? 117. choses à… 118. la même chose qu'elle 119. près d’ici 120. boire / bu 121. y a-t-il? 122. il n'y a pas de… 123. faire / fait 124. la même chose que Pierre 125. pressé 126. nous n'avons pas 127. ai-je 128. Pierre n'a pas 129. Pierre a 130. je n'ai pas 131. occupé 132. oublier / oublié 133. que 134. c'était 135. apporter / apporté 136. comment allez-vous? 137. la même chose que vous 138. la même chose

LESSON 45½ Now, this is just another quick lesson to talk about another little problem that exists in English but not in French.

Questions in the past AVEZ-VOUS

1

QUESTION AUXILIARY VERB .

HAVE YOU

MANGÉ?

2

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN?

So, hopefully, you’ve now grasped how to ask questions in the past. Again, this is all fine and dandy in French, but in English, we have two ways to talk about the past tense in questions. You can either say :

Have you eaten ? or

Did you eat ?

Thankfully, in French, there is only one version. Therefore, no matter whether you want to say "have you eaten ?" or "did you eat ?", it’s always just "avez-vous mangé ?".

Avez-vous mangé ? Have you eaten ? / Did you eat ?

See if you can put these sentences into French. The answers are at the end: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

Have I eaten? Did I eat? Have you eaten? Did you eat? Has he eaten? Did he eat? Has she eaten? Did she eat? Has Pierre eaten? Did Pierre eat? Has Marie eaten? Did Marie eaten? Have we eaten? Did we eat? Have they eaten? Did they eat? Have I waited? Did I wait? Have you waited? Did you wait? Has he waited? Did he wait? Has she waited? Did she wait? Has Pierre waited? Did Pierre wait? Has Marie waited? Did Marie wait? Have we waited? Did we wait? Have they waited? Did they wait? Have I finished? Did I finish? Have you finished?

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

Did you finish? Has he finished? Did he finish? Has she finished? Did she finish? Has Pierre finished? Did Pierre finish? Has Marie finished? Did Marie finish? Have we finished? Did we finish? Have they finished? Did they finish? Have you reserved a table? Did you reserve a table? Have you brought Pierre with you? Did you bring Pierre with you? Have you forgotten? Did you forget? Have you chosen? Did you choose? Have you finished? Did you finish? Have you lost the car? Did you lose the car? Have you sold the car? Did you sell the car? Have you drunk? Did you drink? Have you done? Did you do? Have you seen Pierre? Did you see Pierre? Have you taken? Did you take? Have you learnt? Did you learn?

73. Have you understood? 74. Did you understand?

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

Ai-je mangé? Ai-je mangé? As-tu mangé? / Avez-vous mangé? As-tu mangé? / Avez-vous mangé? A-t-il mangé? A-t-il mangé? A-t-elle mangé? A-t-elle mangé? Pierre a-t-il mangé? Pierre a-t-il mangé? Marie a-t-elle mangé? Marie a-t-elle mangé? Avons-nous mangé? Avons-nous mangé? Ont-ils mangé? Ont-ils mangé? Ai-je attendu? Ai-je attendu? As-tu attendu? / Avez-vous attendu? As-tu attendu? / Avez-vous attendu? A-t-il attendu? A-t-il attendu? A-t-elle attendu? A-t-elle attendu? Pierre a-t-il attendu? Pierre a-t-il attendu? Marie a-t-elle attendu? Marie a-t-elle attendu? Avons-nous attendu? Avons-nous attendu? Ont-ils attendu? Ont-ils attendu? Ai-je fini? Ai-je fini? As-tu fini? / Avez-vous fini?

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

As-tu fini? / Avez-vous fini? A-t-il fini? A-t-il fini? A-t-elle fini? A-t-elle fini? Pierre a-t-il fini? Pierre a-t-il fini? Marie a-t-elle fini? Marie a-t-elle fini? Avons-nous fini? Avons-nous fini? Ont-ils fini? Ont-ils fini? As-tu réservé une table? / Avez-vous réservé une table? As-tu réservé une table? / Avez-vous réservé une table? As-tu apporté Pierre? / Avez-vous apporté Pierre? As-tu apporté Pierre? / Avez-vous apporté Pierre? As-tu oublié? / Avez-vous oublié? As-tu oublié? / Avez-vous oublié? As-tu choisi? / Avez-vous choisi? As-tu choisi? / Avez-vous choisi? As-tu fini? / Avez-vous fini? As-tu fini? / Avez-vous fini? As-tu perdu la voiture? / Avez-vous perdu la voiture? As-tu perdu la voiture? / Avez-vous perdu la voiture? As-tu vendu la voiture? / Avez-vous vendu la voiture? As-tu vendu la voiture? / Avez-vous vendu la voiture? As-tu bu? / Avez-vous bu? As-tu bu? / Avez-vous bu? As-tu fait? / Avez-vous fait? As-tu fait? / Avez-vous fait? As-tu vu Pierre? / Avez-vous vu Pierre? As-tu vu Pierre? / Avez-vous vu Pierre? As-tu pris? / Avez-vous pris? As-tu pris? / Avez-vous pris? As-tu appris? / Avez-vous appris? As-tu appris? / Avez-vous appris?

73. As-tu compris? / Avez-vous compris? 74. As-tu compris? / Avez-vous compris?

LESSON 46 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? have I / did I have you / did you has he / did he has she / did she has Pierre / did Pierre have we / did we have they / did they If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In this lesson, we’ll add a little more to the past tense

Negative questions in the past So, a few lessons ago, we learnt how the past was made up of two parts :

J’ai 2mangé 1I have 2eaten 1

J’AI

1

MANGÉ

2

AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

I HAVE

EATEN

And then, we learnt that you can make this negative.

1

JE N’AI PAS

1

Je n’ai pas 2mangé 1I haven’t 2eaten MANGÉ

2

NEGATIVE AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN

I HAVEN’T

And then, we’ve just learnt that you can put it into a question.

Avez-vous 2mangé? 1Have you 2eaten?

1

AVEZ-VOUS

1

QUESTION AUXILIARY VERB .

HAVE YOU

MANGÉ?

2

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN?

And now, we’ve going to learn how to make it into a negative question.

N’avez-vous pas 2mangé? 1Haven’t you 2eaten?

1

N’AVEZ-VOUS PAS

1

MANGÉ?

2

NEGATIVE QUESTION

PAST PARTICIPLE .

AUXILIARY VERB .

EATEN?

HAVEN’T YOU

So, “n’avez-vous pas” means “haven’t you”. How would you say this in French?

Haven’t you ordered?

Haven’t you ordered? N’avez-vous pas commandé?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t you eaten?

Haven’t you eaten? N’avez-vous pas mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t you reserved?

Haven’t you reserved? N’avez-vous pas réservé?

Making a negative question So, all you have to do is put a n’…pas around the question auxiliary verb.

AVEZ-VOUS - N’AVEZ-VOUS PAS have you - haven’t you You can do the same to change any of the question auxiliaries into their negative question versions, For example:

ONT-ILS - N’ONT-ILS PAS have they - haven’t they

So, how would you say this in French?

Haven’t they ordered?

Haven’t they ordered? N’ont-ils pas commandé ?

How would you say this in French:

Haven’t they eaten?

Haven’t they eaten? N’ont-ils pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t they reserved?

Haven’t they reserved? N’ont-ils pas réservé ?

The Question Auxiliary Here is the entire list of the question conjugation for the auxiliary verb: N’AI-JE PAS N’AS-TU PAS HAVEN’T I N’A-T-IL PAS HAVEN’T YOU N’A-T-ELLE HASN’T HE PAS HASN’T SHE PIERRE N’A-THASN’T IL PAS PIERRE N’AVONSHAVEN’T WE NOUS PAS HAVEN’T YOU N’AVEZ-VOUS HAVEN’T PAS THEY N’ONT-ILS PAS

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t I eaten?

Haven’t I eaten? N’ai-je pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t you eaten?

Haven’t you eaten? N’as-tu pas mangé ? / N’avez-vous pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Hasn’t he eaten?

Hasn’t he eaten? N’a-t-il pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Hasn’t she eaten?

Hasn’t she eaten? N’a-t-elle pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Hasn’t Pierre eaten?

Hasn’t Pierre eaten? Pierre n’a-t-il pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Hasn’t Marie eaten?

Hasn’t Marie eaten? Marie n’a-t-elle pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t we eaten?

Haven’t we eaten? N’avons-nous pas mangé ?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t they eaten?

Haven’t they eaten? N’ont-ils pas mangé ?

See if you can put these questions into French. The answers are on the next page: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Haven’t I waited? Haven’t you waited? Hasn’t he waited? Hasn’t she waited? Hasn’t Pierre waited? Hasn’t Marie waited? Haven’t we waited? Haven’t they waited? Haven’t I finished? Haven’t you finished? Hasn’t he finished? Hasn’t she finished? Hasn’t Pierre finished? Hasn’t Marie finished? Haven’t we finished? Haven’t they finished?

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

N’ai-je pas attendu? N’as-tu pas attendu? / N’avez-vous pas attendu? N’a-t-il pas attendu? N’a-t-elle pas attendu? Pierre n’a-t-il pas attendu? Marie n’a-t-elle pas attendu? N’avons-nous pas attendu? N’ont-ils pas attendu? N’ai-je pas fini? N’as-tu pas fini? / N’avez-vous pas fini? N’a-t-il pas fini? N’a-t-elle pas fini? Pierre n’a-t-il pas fini? Marie n’a-t-elle pas fini? N’avons-nous pas fini? N’ont-ils pas fini?

WORD LIST SO FAR n’ai-je pas – haven’t I n’as-tu pas / n’avez-vous pas – haven’t you n’a-t-il pas – hasn’t he n’a-t-elle pas – hasn’t she Pierre n’a-t-il pas – hasn’t Pierre n’avons-nous pas – haven’t we n’ont-ils pas – haven’t they

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Haven’t they chosen?

2.

Haven’t we finished?

3.

Hasn’t Marie called?

4.

Haven’t you eaten today?

5.

Haven’t you tried the orange juice? It’s delicious

6.

Hasn’t he ordered any red wine?

7.

Hasn’t she told Pierre?

8.

Hasn’t Michel seen this film?

9.

Haven’t they paid the bill?

10. Haven’t we hired the car for two weeks?

1.

N’ont-ils pas choisi?

2.

N’avons-nous pas fini?

3.

Marie n’a-t-elle pas appelé?

4.

N’avez-vous pas / N’as-tu pas mangé aujourd’hui?

5.

N’avez-vous pas / N’as-tu pas essayé le jus d’orange? Il est délicieux

6.

N’a-t-il pas commandé de vin rouge?

7.

N’a-t-elle pas dit à Pierre?

8.

Michel n’a-t-il pas vu ce film?

9.

N’ont-ils pas payé l’addition?

10. N’avons-nous pas loué la voiture pour deux semaines?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. N’ai-je pas apporté tout avec moi? 2. N’a-t-il pas pris le lait? 3. N’avons-nous pas payé tout? 4. N’avez-vous pas / N’as-tu pas réservé une table pour ce soir? 5. Sophie n’a-t-elle pas parlé avec Pierre ? 6. N’ont-ils pas mangé tout? 7. N’a-t-elle pas trouvé la clé pour la chambre? 8. N’a-t-il pas perdu les passeports? 9. N’avons-nous pas apporté trop? 10. N’avez-vous pas / N’as-tu pas appris ҫa?

1. Haven’t I brought everything with me? 2. Hasn’t he taken the milk? 3. Haven’t we paid for everything? 4. Haven’t you reserved a table for tonight? 5. Hasn’t Sophie spoken with Pierre? 6. Haven’t they eaten everything? 7. Hasn’t she found the key for the room? 8. Hasn’t he lost the passports? 9. Haven’t we brought too much? 10. Haven’t you learnt that?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Can I buy the same thing as Hugo?

2.

Excuse me, how much is it for two nights?

3.

Take the exit towards Marseille at the roundabout

4.

These carrots are absolutely terrible

5.

I’ve caught a cold again

6.

I’m not going to hire a car because the bus is always very good

7.

I’m going to try something French today

8.

I would like a bigger television because this television is too small for me

9.

Where is the train station?

10. I would like a room with a balcony, please

1.

Puis-je acheter la même chose qu’Hugo?

2.

Excusez-moi, c’est combien pour deux nuits?

3.

Prenez la sortie vers Marseille au rond-point

4.

Ces carottes sont absolument terribles

5.

J’ai attrapé encore un rhume

6.

Je ne vais pas louer une voiture parce que le bus est toujours très bon

7.

Je vais essayer quelque chose de français aujourd’hui

8.

Je voudrais une plus grande télévision parce que cette télévision est trop petite pour moi

9.

Où est la gare?

10. Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon, s’il vous plaît

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Le déjeuner ici est toujours très bon mais c’est aussi très cher 2. Le chauffage dans ma chambre ne marche pas 3. Je voudrais deux allers-retours pour Marseille 4. L’adresse de l’hôtel est vingt Rue de Charenton 5. Puis-je avoir deux cafés, s’il vous plaît? 6. C’est cinq euros par semaine 7. J’aime le vin rouge mais je préfère le vin blanc 8. Je voudrais quelque chose d’un peu plus grand 9. Puis-je changer ma réservation, s’il vous plaît? C’est pour trois personnes maintenant 10. J’ai réservé une chambre pour trois nuits

1. The lunch here is always very good but it’s also very expensive 2. The heating in my room doesn’t work 3. I would like two return tickets to Marseille 4. The hotel’s address is 20 Rue de Charenton 5. Can I have two coffees, please? 6. It’s five euros per week 7. I like the red wine but I prefer the white wine 8. I would like something a bit bigger 9. Can I change my reservation, please? It’s for three people now 10. I’ve booked a room for three nights

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. (to) bring 2. (to) do / done 3. I’m not going 4. wasn't 5. if it's possible 6. (to) understand / understood 7. something 8. something + adjective 9. I have 10. how are you? 11. have I 12. interesting 13. (to) buy 14. another (a different type) 15. some/any medicine 16. I’m doing well 17. because 18. she is 19. they have 20. we have 21. haven't we

22. (to) finish / finished 23. he is 24. my mum 25. (to) drink / drunk 26. tired 27. something good 28. Pierre hasn't 29. she isn't 30. too much… / too many… 31. I don't feel 32. ill 33. later 34. has Pierre 35. I have reserved / I have booked 36. (to) make/do it 37. (to) order 38. too many people 39. is she? 40. (to) change it 41. she hasn't 42. (to) wait / waited 43. how 44. in the room

45. I feel 46. yesterday 47. now 48. (to) drink 49. Miss 50. I’m going 51. she has 52. I have brought 53. are you? 54. some stamps / any stamps 55. a problem 56. with me 57. something French 58. possible (to...) 59. far 60. it was 61. a cold 62. what 63. too much noise 64. a postcard 65. Mr 66. is he? 67. there is / there are

68. far from here 69. hasn't he 70. I ate / I've eaten 71. the same thing as Pierre 72. possible for me to… 73. you have 74. the time (to…) 75. are you going? 76. have they 77. is it…? 78. haven't I 79. they haven't 80. in the name of 81. haven't you 82. I haven't brought 83. expensive 84. no problem 85. today 86. (to) bring / brought 87. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 88. things to… 89. I've caught 90. (to) lose / lost

91. I am 92. busy 93. has he 94. (to) forget / forgotten 95. (to) sell / sold 96. he hasn't 97. something from the region 98. I haven't / I don't have 99. the same thing as you 100. (to) see / seen 101. (to) buy it 102. do you want? 103. the same thing as him 104. too many cockroaches 105. hasn't she 106. I've broken my… 107. (to) eat 108. the same thing as her 109. (to) take / taken 110. (to) see 111. (to) change (exchange) 112. has she 113. is there? / are there?

114. (to) learn / learned 115. have you 116. for you 117. hasn't Pierre 118. the same thing as me 119. we haven't 120. I'm not 121. it wasn't 122. fine / well 123. a souvenir 124. was 125. the same thing 126. (to) try it 127. another (the same type) / again 128. (to) make / made 129. the flu 130. I'm called 131. near here 132. Mrs 133. (to) choose / chosen 134. he has 135. haven't they 136. you haven't

137. I ordered 138. a lot of 139. I haven't reserved / booked 140. (to) change (modify) 141. have we 142. I've hurt my… 143. he isn't 144. Pierre has 145. in a hurry

1. apporter 2. faire / fait 3. je ne vais pas 4. n'était pas 5. si c'est possible 6. comprendre / compris 7. quelque chose 8. quelque chose de + adjective 9. j'ai 10. comment allez-vous? 11. ai-je 12. intéressant 13. acheter 14. un/une autre 15. un médicament 16. je vais bien 17. parce que 18. elle est 19. ils ont 20. nous avons 21. n'avons-nous pas 22. finir / fini 23. il est

24. ma mère 25. boire / bu 26. fatigué 27. quelque chose de bon 28. Pierre n'a pas 29. elle n'est pas 30. trop de… 31. je ne me sens pas 32. malade 33. plus tard 34. Pierre a-t-il 35. j'ai réservé 36. le faire 37. commander 38. trop de monde / trop de personnes 39. est-elle? 40. le changer 41. elle n'a pas 42. attendre / attendu 43. comment 44. dans la chambre 45. je me sens 46. hier

47. maintenant 48. boire 49. mademoiselle (Mlle) 50. je vais 51. elle a 52. j'ai apporté 53. êtes-vous? 54. des timbres 55. un problème 56. avec moi 57. quelque chose de français 58. possible (de…) 59. loin 60. c'était 61. un rhume 62. que 63. trop de bruit 64. une carte postale 65. monsieur (M.) 66. est-il? 67. il y a 68. loin d'ici 69. n'a-t-il pas

70. j'ai mangé 71. la même chose que Pierre 72. possible pour moi de… 73. vous avez / tu as 74. le temps (de…) 75. allez-vous? 76. ont-ils 77. est-ce que c'est…? 78. n'ai je pas 79. ils n'ont pas 80. sous le nom de 81. n'as-tu pas / n'avez-vous pas 82. je n'ai pas apporté 83. cher 84. pas de problème 85. aujourd'hui 86. apporter / apporté 87. il n'y a pas de… 88. choses à… 89. j'ai attrapé 90. perdre / perdu 91. je suis 92. occupé

93. a-t-il 94. oublier / oublié 95. vendre / vendu 96. il n'a pas 97. quelque chose de la région 98. je n'ai pas 99. la même chose que vous 100. voir / vu 101. l'acheter 102. voulez-vous? 103. la même chose que lui 104. trop de cafards 105. n'a-t-elle pas 106. je me suis cassé… 107. manger 108. la même chose qu'elle 109. prendre / pris 110. voir 111. changer de 112. a-t-elle 113. y a-t-il? 114. apprendre / appris 115. avez-vous / as-tu

116. pour vous 117. Pierre n'a-t-il pas 118. la même chose que moi 119. nous n'avons pas 120. je ne suis pas 121. ce n'était pas 122. bien 123. un souvenir 124. était 125. la même chose 126. l'essayer 127. encore 128. faire / fait 129. la grippe 130. je m'appelle 131. près d’ici 132. madame (Mme.) 133. choisir / choisi 134. il a 135. n'ont-ils pas 136. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 137. j'ai commandé 138. beaucoup de

139. je n'ai pas réservé 140. changer 141. avons-nous 142. j'ai mal à… 143. il n'est pas 144. Pierre a 145. pressé

LESSON 46½ Now, this is just another one of those quick lessons to talk about yet another little problem that exists in English but not in French.

Negative questions in the past N’AVEZ-VOUS PAS

1

MANGÉ?

2

NEGATIVE QUESTION

PAST PARTICIPLE .

AUXILIARY VERB .

EATEN?

HAVEN’T YOU

So, hopefully, you’ve now grasped how to ask a negative question in the past. Again, this is all fine and dandy in French, but in English, we have two ways to talk about the negative past. You can either say :

Haven’t you eaten ? or

Didn’t you eat ? Thankfully, in French, there is only one version. Therefore, no matter whether you want to say "haven’t you eaten ?" or "didn’t you eat ?", it’s always just "n’avez-vous pas mangé ?".

N’avez-vous pas mangé ? Haven’t you eaten ? / Didn’t you eat ?

See if you can put these sentences into French. The answers are at the end: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

Haven’t I eaten? Didn’t I eat? Haven’t you eaten? Didn’t you eat? Hasn’t he eaten? Didn’t he eat? Hasn’t she eaten? Didn’t she eat? Hasn’t Pierre eaten? Didn’t Pierre eat? Hasn’t Marie eaten? Didn’t Marie eaten? Haven’t we eaten? Didn’t we eat? Haven’t they eaten? Didn’t they eat? Haven’t I waited? Didn’t I wait? Haven’t you waited? Didn’t you wait? Hasn’t he waited? Didn’t he wait? Hasn’t she waited? Didn’t she wait? Hasn’t Pierre waited? Didn’t Pierre wait? Hasn’t Marie waited? Didn’t Marie wait? Haven’t we waited? Didn’t we wait? Haven’t they waited? Didn’t they wait? Haven’t I finished? Didn’t I finish? Haven’t you finished?

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

Didn’t you finish? Hasn’t he finished? Didn’t he finish? Hasn’t she finished? Didn’t she finish? Hasn’t Pierre finished? Didn’t Pierre finish? Hasn’t Marie finished? Didn’t Marie finish? Haven’t we finished? Didn’t we finish? Haven’t they finished? Didn’t they finish? Haven’t you reserved a table? Didn’t you reserve a table? Haven’t you brought Pierre with you? Didn’t you bring Pierre with you? Haven’t you forgotten? Didn’t you forget? Haven’t you chosen? Didn’t you choose? Haven’t you finished? Didn’t you finish? Haven’t you lost the car? Didn’t you lose the car? Haven’t you sold the car? Didn’t you sell the car? Haven’t you drunk? Didn’t you drink? Haven’t you done? Didn’t you do? Haven’t you seen Pierre? Didn’t you see Pierre? Haven’t you taken? Didn’t you take? Haven’t you learnt? Didn’t you learn?

73. Haven’t you understood? 74. Didn’t you understand?

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

N’ai-je pas mangé? N’ai-je pas mangé? N’as-tu pas mangé? / N’avez-vous pas mangé? N’as-tu pas mangé? / N’avez-vous pas mangé? N’a-t-il pas mangé? N’a-t-il pas mangé? N’a-t-elle pas mangé? N’a-t-elle pas mangé? Pierre n’a-t-il pas mangé? Pierre n’a-t-il pas mangé? Marie n’a-t-elle pas mangé? Marie n’a-t-elle pas mangé? Avons-nous mangé? N’avons-nous pas mangé? N’ont-ils pas mangé? N’ont-ils pas mangé? N’ai-je pas attendu? N’ai-je pas attendu? N’as-tu pas attendu? / N’avez-vous pas attendu? N’as-tu pas attendu? / N’avez-vous pas attendu? N’a-t-il pas attendu? N’a-t-il pas attendu? N’a-t-elle pas attendu? N’a-t-elle pas attendu? Pierre n’a-t-il pas attendu? Pierre n’a-t-il pas attendu? Marie n’a-t-elle pas attendu? Marie n’a-t-elle pas attendu? Avons-nous attendu? N’avons-nous pas attendu? N’ont-ils pas attendu? N’ont-ils pas attendu? N’ai-je pas fini? N’ai-je pas fini? N’as-tu pas fini? / N’avez-vous pas fini?

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66.

N’as-tu pas fini? / N’avez-vous pas fini? N’a-t-il pas fini? N’a-t-il pas fini? N’a-t-elle pas fini? N’a-t-elle pas fini? Pierre n’a-t-il pas fini? Pierre n’a-t-il pas fini? Marie n’a-t-elle pas fini? Marie n’a-t-elle pas fini? Avons-nous fini? N’avons-nous pas fini? N’ont-ils pas fini? N’ont-ils pas fini? N’as-tu pas réservé une table? / N’avez-vous pas réservé une table? N’as-tu pas réservé une table? / N’avez-vous pas réservé une table? N’as-tu pas apporté Pierre? / N’avez-vous pas apporté Pierre? N’as-tu pas apporté Pierre? / N’avez-vous pas apporté Pierre? N’as-tu pas oublié? / N’avez-vous pas oublié? N’as-tu pas oublié? / N’avez-vous pas oublié? N’as-tu pas choisi? / N’avez-vous pas choisi? N’as-tu pas choisi? / N’avez-vous pas choisi? N’as-tu pas fini? / N’avez-vous pas fini? N’as-tu pas fini? / N’avez-vous pas fini? N’as-tu pas perdu la voiture? / N’avez-vous pas perdu la voiture? N’as-tu pas perdu la voiture? / N’avez-vous pas perdu la voiture? N’as-tu pas vendu la voiture? / N’avez-vous pas vendu la voiture? N’as-tu pas vendu la voiture? / N’avez-vous pas vendu la voiture? N’as-tu pas bu? / N’avez-vous pas bu? N’as-tu pas bu? / N’avez-vous pas bu? N’as-tu pas fait? / N’avez-vous pas fait? N’as-tu pas fait? / N’avez-vous pas fait?

67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74.

N’as-tu pas vu Pierre? / N’avez-vous pas vu Pierre? N’as-tu pas vu Pierre? / N’avez-vous pas vu Pierre? N’as-tu pas pris? / N’avez-vous pas pris? N’as-tu pas pris? / N’avez-vous pas pris? N’as-tu pas appris? / N’avez-vous pas appris? N’as-tu pas appris? / N’avez-vous pas appris? N’as-tu pas compris? / N’avez-vous pas compris? N’as-tu pas compris? / N’avez-vous pas compris?

LESSON 47 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? haven't I / didn’t I haven’t you / didn’t you hasn’t he / didn’t he hasn’t she / didn’t she hasn’t Pierre / didn’t Pierre haven’t we / didn’t we haven’t they / didn’t they If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s have a recap lesson of the past tense and bring everything together. Let me also just let you know that there is another name for this past tense that we have been learning. The correct grammatical name for this tense is the “present perfect tense”. I know it seems weird to have a tense called the “present perfect” when it’s talking about the past, but that’s what it’s called. We’ll look a bit more at the different names for tenses in a later lesson, but for now, just know that this past tense can also be called the “present perfect tense”. So, basically, the past tense is made up of two parts in French. However, you can change the first part (the auxiliary verb) to say a variety of different things :

THE BASIC PAST TENSE

J’ai 2mangé 1I have 2eaten 1

J’AI

1

MANGÉ

2

AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

I HAVE

EATEN

THE NEGATIVE PAST TENSE

1

JE N’AI PAS

1

NEGATIVE AUXILIARY VERB .

I HAVEN’T

Je n’ai pas 2mangé 1I haven’t 2eaten MANGÉ

2

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN

QUESTIONS IN THE PAST

Avez-vous 2mangé? 1Have you 2eaten?

1

AVEZ-VOUS

1

QUESTION AUXILIARY VERB .

HAVE YOU

MANGÉ?

2

PAST PARTICIPLE .

EATEN?

NEGATIVE QUESTIONS IN THE PAST

N’avez-vous pas 2mangé? 1Haven’t you 2eaten?

1

N’AVEZ-VOUS PAS

1

MANGÉ?

2

NEGATIVE QUESTION

PAST PARTICIPLE .

AUXILIARY VERB .

EATEN?

HAVEN’T YOU

We also learnt that there are always two ways to say the same thing in the past tense in English, but in French, you don’t have to worry about that.

VOUS AVEZ you have VOUS N’AVEZ PAS you haven’t you didn’t AVEZ-VOUS have you did you N’AVEZ-VOUS PAS haven't you didn’t you

MANGÉ eaten FINI finished ATTENDU waited

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

She sold the car

2.

We have lost the card

3.

I booked a table for everybody

4.

They didn’t make a reservation

5.

Have you seen Pierre today?

6.

Haven’t they paid the bill?

7.

Marie didn’t drink much wine

8.

Did Pierre understand the English?

9.

Didn’t you learn much today?

10. We didn’t bring any food but we’ve ordered a pizza

1.

Elle a vendu la voiture

2.

Nous avons perdu la carte

3.

J’ai réservé une table pour tout le monde

4.

Ils n’ont pas fait une réservation

5.

Avez-vous / As-tu vu Pierre aujourd’hui?

6.

N’ont-ils pas payé l’addition?

7.

Marie n’a pas bu beaucoup de vin

8.

Pierre a-t-il compris l’anglais?

9.

N’avez-vous pas / N’as-tu pas appris beaucoup aujourd’hui?

10. Nous n’avons pas apporté de nourriture mais nous avons commandé une pizza

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je n’ai pas oublié 2. Avez-vous attendu ici hier? 3. Quand ont-ils acheté les billets? 4. Tu as passé une semaine à Paris 5. J’ai choisi cette voiture parce qu’elle est grande 6. Pierre a-t-il vu cela? 7. Je n’ai pas compris 8. Ils ont mangé ici hier 9. Ont-ils pris le train? 10. Elle a apporté de la nourriture

1. I didn’t forget 2. Did you wait here yesterday? 3. When did they buy the tickets? 4. You spent a week in Paris 5. I chose this car because it’s big 6. Has Pierre seen that? 7. I didn’t understand 8. They ate here yesterday 9. Did they take the train? 10. She brought some food

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I’m going to change it

2.

Do you want to try something different?

3.

It is very good

4.

The car is too small

5.

I like that

6.

Go straight on and the shop is on the left

7.

My breakfast is delicious

8.

I have made a reservation

9.

It’s seventy cents

10. I’m not going to the hotel

1.

Je vais le changer

2.

Voulez-vous essayer quelque chose de différent?

3.

C’est très bon

4.

La voiture est trop petite

5.

J’aime ҫa

6.

Allez tout droit et le magasin est à gauche

7.

Mon petit-déjeuner est délicieux

8.

J’ai fait une réservation

9.

C’est soixante-dix centimes

10. Je ne vais pas à l’hôtel

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je vais à Marseille demain 2. Non, ce n’est pas pour elle 3. Puis-je avoir des raisins? 4. Que puis-je boire? 5. Où est la gare? 6. Avez-vous une jupe rose? 7. Êtes-vous très fatigué? 8. J’aime le vin 9. Un peu moins, s’il vous plaît 10. Il est huit heures

1. I’m going to Marseille tomorrow 2. No, it isn’t for her 3. Can I have some grapes? 4. What can I drink? 5. Where is the train station? 6. Do you have a pink skirt? 7. Are you very tired? 8. I like wine / I like the wine 9. A bit less, please 10. It’s eight o‘clock

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. (to) make / made 2. haven't we 3. has Pierre 4. some stamps / any stamps 5. (to) drink / drunk 6. how are you? 7. far 8. I've caught 9. I feel 10. tired 11. she isn't 12. have I 13. in a hurry 14. Mr 15. in the name of 16. I’m doing well 17. there is / there are 18. something + adjective 19. has he 20. with me 21. too many cockroaches

22. my mum 23. yesterday 24. she has 25. is he? 26. the time (to…) 27. (to) change (modify) 28. has she 29. is it…? 30. (to) sell / sold 31. are you going? 32. for you 33. is she? 34. possible (to...) 35. Pierre has 36. (to) forget / forgotten 37. haven't they 38. things to… 39. what 40. I haven't reserved / booked 41. (to) bring / brought 42. (to) wait / waited 43. the same thing as you 44. something good

45. something from the region 46. he is 47. a souvenir 48. the flu 49. we have 50. (to) change it 51. (to) choose / chosen 52. haven't you 53. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 54. she is 55. something 56. I don't feel 57. was 58. you haven't 59. far from here 60. today 61. interesting 62. hasn't she 63. near here 64. I ate / I've eaten 65. a problem 66. busy 67. are you?

68. Miss 69. the same thing as him 70. I ordered 71. another (a different type) 72. I haven't brought 73. Mrs 74. do you want? 75. I've hurt my… 76. they have 77. something French 78. (to) see / seen 79. if it's possible 80. is there? / are there? 81. too much noise 82. wasn't 83. you have 84. he isn't 85. (to) learn / learned 86. ill 87. it was 88. I've broken my… 89. (to) take / taken 90. (to) lose / lost

91. (to) understand / understood 92. (to) make/do it 93. hasn't Pierre 94. (to) finish / finished 95. (to) try it 96. (to) order 97. another (the same type) / again 98. (to) buy it 99. a cold 100. some/any medicine 101. because 102. the same thing 103. (to) drink 104. a postcard 105. he has 106. no problem 107. I'm not 108. it wasn't 109. (to) eat 110. I'm called 111. the same thing as Pierre 112. she hasn't 113. I’m going

114. possible for me to… 115. too much… / too many… 116. I haven't / I don't have 117. how 118. I’m not going 119. fine / well 120. we haven't 121. haven't I 122. I am 123. have they 124. later 125. now 126. (to) do / done 127. he hasn't 128. have we 129. in the room 130. (to) change (exchange) 131. the same thing as her 132. too many people 133. (to) see 134. expensive 135. I have reserved / I have booked 136. have you

137. a lot of 138. the same thing as me 139. I have brought 140. (to) bring 141. Pierre hasn't 142. (to) buy 143. I have 144. hasn't he 145. they haven't

1. faire / fait 2. n'avons-nous pas 3. Pierre a-t-il 4. des timbres 5. boire / bu 6. comment allez-vous? 7. loin 8. j'ai attrapé 9. je me sens 10. fatigué 11. elle n'est pas 12. ai-je 13. pressé 14. monsieur (M.) 15. sous le nom de 16. je vais bien 17. il y a 18. quelque chose de + adjective 19. a-t-il 20. avec moi 21. trop de cafards 22. ma mère 23. hier

24. elle a 25. est-il? 26. le temps (de…) 27. changer 28. a-t-elle 29. est-ce que c'est…? 30. vendre / vendu 31. allez-vous? 32. pour vous 33. est-elle? 34. possible (de…) 35. Pierre a 36. oublier / oublié 37. n'ont-ils pas 38. choses à… 39. que 40. je n'ai pas réservé 41. apporter / apporté 42. attendre / attendu 43. la même chose que vous 44. quelque chose de bon 45. quelque chose de la région 46. il est

47. un souvenir 48. la grippe 49. nous avons 50. le changer 51. choisir / choisi 52. n'as-tu pas / n'avez-vous pas 53. il n'y a pas de… 54. elle est 55. quelque chose 56. je ne me sens pas 57. était 58. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 59. loin d'ici 60. aujourd'hui 61. intéressant 62. n'a-t-elle pas 63. près d’ici 64. j'ai mangé 65. un problème 66. occupé 67. êtes-vous? 68. mademoiselle (Mlle) 69. la même chose que lui

70. j'ai commandé 71. un/une autre 72. je n'ai pas apporté 73. madame (Mme.) 74. voulez-vous? 75. j'ai mal à… 76. ils ont 77. quelque chose de français 78. voir / vu 79. si c'est possible 80. y a-t-il? 81. trop de bruit 82. n'était pas 83. vous avez / tu as 84. il n'est pas 85. apprendre / appris 86. malade 87. c'était 88. je me suis cassé… 89. prendre / pris 90. perdre / perdu 91. comprendre / compris 92. le faire

93. Pierre n'a-t-il pas 94. finir / fini 95. l'essayer 96. commander 97. encore 98. l'acheter 99. un rhume 100. un médicament 101. parce que 102. la même chose 103. boire 104. une carte postale 105. il a 106. pas de problème 107. je ne suis pas 108. ce n'était pas 109. manger 110. je m'appelle 111. la même chose que Pierre 112. elle n'a pas 113. je vais 114. possible pour moi de… 115. trop de…

116. je n'ai pas 117. comment 118. je ne vais pas 119. bien 120. nous n'avons pas 121. n'ai je pas 122. je suis 123. ont-ils 124. plus tard 125. maintenant 126. faire / fait 127. il n'a pas 128. avons-nous 129. dans la chambre 130. changer de 131. la même chose qu'elle 132. trop de monde / trop de personnes 133. voir 134. cher 135. j'ai réservé 136. avez-vous / as-tu 137. beaucoup de 138. la même chose que moi

139. j'ai apporté 140. apporter 141. Pierre n'a pas 142. acheter 143. j'ai 144. n'a-t-il pas 145. ils n'ont pas

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons forty-five to forty-seven of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons forty-eight to fifty, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 48 – 50 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2019 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 45-47”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 48 LESSON 49 LESSON 50 Merci

LESSON 48 Here’s a very useful word in French:

je peux It means “I can” You pronounce it “jsheugh peugh”

PUIS-JE = JE PEUX You might be wondering why “I can” isn’t “je puis” since “can I” is “puisje”. Well, in the past, both “je peux” and “je puis” existed for “I can”. However, nowadays, people only tend to say “je peux” for “I can” (you will hear “je puis” from time to time but it’s considered a lot more formal.) However, “can I” is always “puis-je” and never ever “peux-je”. So…

je peux I can

puis-je can I

We’ve had this verb before. We learnt that it means “to make”, but it has a second meaning:

faire It means “to do” You pronounce it “fair”

How would you say this in French?

I can do that.

I can do that. Je peux faire cela.

How would you say this in French?

I can do it.

I can do it. Je peux le faire.

How would you say this in French?

I can do that tomorrow.

I can do that tomorrow. Je peux faire cela demain.

How would you say this in French?

Can I do it tomorrow?

Can I do it tomorrow? Puis-je le faire demain?

Can I? I’ve just told you that “je peux” means “I can” and “puis-je” means “can I”. However, there is one more thing I should add. There is a second way in French to say “can I”. The “correct” way to say “can I” is “puis-je” and you will hear it a lot. However, you may also hear people simply say “je peux” as a way of asking “can I”. Look at these two examples. They both mean the same thing in English, but they’re slightly different in French:

Puis-je voir cela? Je peux voir cela? Can I see that? You will often hear French people use “je peux” to mean “can I” and they simply raise their voices at the end of the sentence to make it sound like a question. The second example above literally means “I can see that?”. It is a more “colloquial” way of speaking. “Colloquial” just means the way people speak in normal situations “out on the street”. Now, it’s perfectly fine for you just to use “puis-je” all the time when you want to say “can I”. I simply wanted to make you aware of the different ways that you might come across.

So, what would be the two ways that you could say this in French?

Can I do it tomorrow?

Can I do it tomorrow? Puis-je le faire demain? Je peux le faire demain?

How would you say this in French?

I can do it tomorrow but not today.

I can do it tomorrow but not today. Je peux le faire demain mais pas aujourd’hui.

This is a nice phrase you can use to be extra polite in French:

si vous voulez It means “if you want” You pronounce it “see voo voolay”

How would you say this in French?

I can do it tomorrow, if you want.

I can do it tomorrow, if you want. Je peux le faire demain, si vous voulez.

How would you say this in French?

I can go now, if you want.

I can go now, if you want. Je peux aller maintenant, si vous voulez.

How would you say this in French?

I can hire a car, if you want.

I can hire a car, if you want. Je peux louer une voiture, si vous voulez.

How would you say this in French?

If you want, I can go to the shop for you.

If you want, I can go to the shop for you. Si vous voulez, je peux aller au magasin pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

Can I go there tomorrow?

Can I go there tomorrow? Puis-je aller là demain? Je peux aller là demain?

How would you say this in French?

Can I say something important?

Can I say something important? Puis-je dire quelque chose d’important? Je peux dire quelque chose d’important?

The opposite of “je peux” is:

je ne peux pas It means “I can’t” You pronounce it “jsheun peugh pah”

How would you say this in French?

I can’t see it.

I can’t see it. Je ne peux pas le voir.

WORD LIST SO FAR je peux – I can faire – (to) do/ (to) make si vous voulez – if you want je ne peux pas – I can’t

How would you say this in French?

I can’t do it now.

I can’t do it now. Je ne peux pas le faire maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t understand Pierre.

I can’t understand Pierre. Je ne peux pas comprendre Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t pay because my card doesn’t work.

I can’t pay because my card doesn’t work. Je ne peux pas payer parce que ma carte ne marche pas.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t come today because I don’t have a car.

I can’t come today because I don’t have a car. Je ne peux pas venir aujourd’hui parce que je n’ai pas de voiture.

Here’s a phrase that’s related to “puis-je”:

pouvez-vous It means “can you” You pronounce it “poovay voo”

How would you say this in French?

Can you see it?

Can you see it? Pouvez-vous le voir ?

How would you say this in French?

What can you see?

What can you see? Que pouvez-vous voir ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you pay?

Can you pay? Pouvez-vous payer ?

How would you say this in French?

What can you do?

What can you do? Que pouvez-vous faire ?

How would you say this in French?

What time can you go to Pierre‘s house?

What time can you go to Pierre‘s house? À quelle heure pouvez-vous aller chez Pierre ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you go with me tomorrow?

Can you go with me tomorrow? Pouvez-vous aller avec moi demain ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you do it today?

Can you do it today? Pouvez-vous le faire aujourd’hui ?

Here’s a nice word that looks a little like “aid”:

aider It means “(to) help” You pronounce it “edday”

How would you say this in French?

Can I help?

Can I help? Puis-je aider? Je peux aider?

How would you say this in French?

How can I help?

How can I help? Comment puis-je aider? Comment je peux aider?

How would you say this in French?

Can you help?

Can you help? Pouvez-vous aider ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to help?

Are you going to help? Allez-vous aider ?

How would you say this in French?

I can’t help because I don’t have any time.

I can’t help because I don’t have any time. Je ne peux pas aider parce que je n’ai pas de temps.

How would you say this in French?

I can help, if you want.

I can help, if you want. Je peux aider, si vous voulez.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to help but I don’t have any money.

I would like to help but I don’t have any money. Je voudrais aider mais je n’ai pas d’argent.

You can add a little extra to the word “aider”:

m'aider It means “(to) help me” You pronounce it “meh-day” The emergency word “Mayday” comes from this phrase

How would you say this in French?

Can you help me?

Can you help me? Pouvez-vous m’aider ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to help me?

Are you going to help me? Allez-vous m’aider ?

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to help me?

How are you going to help me? Comment allez-vous m’aider ?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, can you help me, please?

Excuse me, can you help me, please? Excusez-moi, pouvez-vous m’aider, s’il vous plaît ?

Here’s another phrase that has “me” in it:

me montrer It means “(to) show me” You pronounce it “meugh mon-tray”

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me?

Can you show me? Pouvez-vous me montrer ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me where I can pay?

Can you show me where I can pay? Pouvez-vous me montrer où je peux payer ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me where I can hire a car?

Can you show me where I can hire a car? Pouvez-vous me montrer où je peux louer une voiture ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to show me tomorrow?

Are you going to show me tomorrow? Allez-vous me montrer demain ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me where I can wait?

Can you show me where I can wait? Pouvez-vous me montrer où je peux attendre ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me the wine?

Can you show me the wine? Pouvez-vous me montrer le vin ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me the car?

Can you show me the car? Pouvez-vous me montrer la voiture ?

If you take the “me” off the front, you just get this verb:

montrer It means “(to) show” You pronounce it “mon-tray”

Montrer The verb “montrer” means “to show”. In French, it’s usually followed by the word “à”, which means “to”. So, if you want to say the sentence below, you would use “à” for “to”. Can you show the car to Pierre ?

Pouvez-vous montrer la voiture à Pierre ?

Another English problem In English, there are two different ways to say the sentence we did on the last page:

1. Can you show the car to Pierre ? 2. Can you show Pierre the car ? So, if you put “Pierre” first in English, you get rid of the word “to”. This doesn’t happen in French. You always have to say “to Pierre” in French (à Pierre), because no matter where he is in the sentence, you’re still showing the car TO him. So, both of these sentences are the same in French: Can you show the car to Pierre? Can you show Pierre the car? Pouvez-vous montrer la voiture à Pierre?

In fact, “montrer” is ALWAYS followed by “à” if you’re showing something TO somebody, whether the “to” is mentioned in English or not. For example: Can you show Marie where the shop is? Pouvez-vous montrer à Marie où est le magasin? (Literally: Can you show to Marie where the shop is?) I’m going to show Pierre later Je vais montrer à Pierre plus tard (Literally: I’m going to show to Pierre later) The only exception to all of this is when you say “show me”, which you know is “me montrer”. This is because in French, the word “me” can mean “me” or “to me”, so you don’t need the “à”. Can you show me? Pouvez-vous me montrer?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show Pierre?

Can you show Pierre? Pouvez-vous montrer à Pierre ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show Marie?

Can you show Marie? Pouvez-vous montrer à Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me?

Can you show me? Pouvez-vous me montrer ?

How would you say this in French?

Can show me where the bank is?

Can you show me where the bank is? Pouvez-vous me montrer où est la banque ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to show something to Pierre.

I’m going to show something to Pierre. Je vais montrer quelque chose à Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to show it to Marie.

I’m not going to show it to Marie. Je ne vais pas le montrer à Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Can you show me where I can hire a car?

Can you show me where I can hire a car? Pouvez-vous me montrer où je peux louer une voiture ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you show Pierre where the shop is?

Can you show Pierre where the shop is? Pouvez-vous montrer à Pierre où est le magasin ?

Here’s your last phrase for this lesson:

me dire It means “(to) tell me” You pronounce it “meugh deer”

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me?

Can you tell me? Pouvez-vous me dire ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me where I can pay?

Can you tell me where I can pay? Pouvez-vous me dire où je peux payer?

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me where I can hire a car?

Can you tell me where I can hire a car? Pouvez-vous me dire où je peux louer une voiture ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to tell me?

Are you going to tell me? Allez-vous me dire ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me what time breakfast is?

Can you tell me what time breakfast is? Pouvez-vous me dire à quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me if I have paid?

Can you tell me if I have paid? Pouvez-vous me dire si j’ai payé ?

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me why?

Can you tell me why? Pouvez-vous me dire pourquoi?

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me tomorrow?

Can you tell me tomorrow? Pouvez-vous me dire demain?

WORD LIST SO FAR je peux – I can faire – (to) do / (to) make si vous voulez – if you want je ne peux pas – I can’t pouvez-vous – can you aider – (to) help m’aider – (to) help me montrer – (to) show me montrer – (to) show me me dire – (to) tell me

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I can do that tomorrow, if you want

2.

I can see the train

3.

Excuse me, can you help me?

4.

I can't help but I can call Marie; she is in Paris

5.

Can you tell me where the restaurant is?

6.

Can you show me where everything is?

7.

I'm going to tell Pierre the hotel's address

8.

I can do everything later but I'm too busy now

9.

Can you see it?

10. I can't pay the bill

1.

Je peux faire cela demain, si vous voulez

2.

Je peux voir le train

3.

Excusez-moi, pouvez-vous m'aider?

4.

Je ne peux pas aider mais je peux appeler Marie; elle est à Paris

5.

Pouvez-vous me dire où est le restaurant?

6.

Pouvez-vous me montrer où est tout?

7.

Je vais dire à Pierre l'adresse de l'hôtel

8.

Je peux faire tout plus tard mais je suis trop occupé maintenant

9.

Pouvez-vous le voir?

10. Je ne peux pas payer l’addition

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Vous pouvez aller à Paris avec moi, si vous voulez 2. Je peux acheter cela pour vous, si vous voulez 3. Pouvez-vous me montrer quel manteau? 4. Pouvez-vous m'aider? 5. Je ne peux pas acheter cela 6. Je ne peux pas aller en France avec vous demain; je suis trop occupé et je n'ai pas le temps 7. Pouvez-vous m'aider, s'il vous plaît? 8. Est-ce que c'est possible pour vous de m'aider? 9. Je voudrais le faire 10. Je vais aider Pierre

1. You can go to Paris with me, if you want 2. I can buy that for you, if you want 3. Can you show me which coat? 4. Can you help me? 5. I can't buy that 6. I can't go to France with you tomorrow; I'm too busy and I don't have time 7. Can you help me, please? 8. Is it possible for you to help me? 9. I would like to do it 10. I'm going to help Pierre

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It's absolutely fantastic here

2.

I think everything is very good

3.

That is extraordinary

4.

The food here is always delicious

5.

This restaurant is perfect

6.

A coffee for him and a tea for me, please

7.

What's the hotel's address?

8.

Can I make a reservation? I would like a table for three for tomorrow

9.

Goodbye and have a good day

10. I would like a bottle of water, please

1.

C'est absolument fantastique ici

2.

Pour moi, tout est très bon

3.

Ҫa c'est extraordinaire

4.

La nourriture ici est toujours délicieuse

5.

Ce restaurant est parfait

6.

Un café pour lui et un thé pour moi, s'il vous plaît

7.

Quelle est l'adresse de l'hôtel?

8.

Puis-je faire une réservation? Je voudrais une table pour trois pour demain

9.

Au revoir et bonne journée

10. Je voudrais une bouteille d'eau, s'il vous plaît

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais mon addition, s'il vous plaît 2. Puis-je payer par carte? 3. Je vais essayer un peu de fromage 4. Est-ce que c'est possible de louer une voiture pour un jour? 5. La voiture est très grande 6. Le déjeuner était délicieux 7. À quelle heure est le petit déjeuner? 8. Le dîner est à huit heures moins le quart 9. Je voudrais un taxi pour cinq personnes à quatre heures 10. Allez-vous chez Pierre?

1. I would like my bill, please 2. Can I pay by card? 3. I'm going to try a bit of cheese 4. Is it possible to hire a car for one day? 5. The car is very big 6. The lunch was delicious 7. What time is breakfast? 8. The dinner is at quarter to eight 9. I would like a taxi for five people at four o'clock 10. Are you going to Pierre's house?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. too many people 2. I’m doing well 3. (to) wait / waited 4. I have 5. a souvenir 6. in the room 7. are you going? 8. something from the region 9. (to) understand / understood 10. tired 11. they haven't 12. if you want 13. the same thing as her 14. it was 15. (to) bring / brought 16. near here 17. the same thing 18. they have 19. far 20. he is 21. (to) change (modify) 22. she is 23. (to) make/do it 24. I can 25. expensive 26. haven't you 27. (to) tell me 28. she isn't 29. the same thing as me 30. I have reserved / I have booked 31. (to) help 32. possible (to...) 33. a problem

34. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 35. (to) finish / finished 36. I've caught 37. for you 38. (to) forget / forgotten 39. she has 40. something + adjective 41. I’m not going 42. later 43. I ate / I've eaten 44. is it…? 45. was 46. has he 47. has Pierre 48. today 49. we haven't 50. (to) bring 51. is there? / are there? 52. a cold 53. I can't 54. interesting 55. the same thing as Pierre 56. do you want? 57. with me 58. you have 59. how 60. (to) drink 61. another (a different type) 62. I haven't brought 63. he has 64. a postcard 65. have I 66. (to) make / made 67. too many cockroaches 68. (to) do / done 69. I'm called

70. there is / there are 71. the same thing as you 72. hasn't he 73. have you 74. I've broken my… 75. Mrs 76. if it's possible 77. (to) sell / sold 78. Pierre hasn't 79. something good 80. in a hurry 81. has she 82. my mum 83. things to… 84. is he? 85. (to) order 86. (to) take / taken 87. (to) buy it 88. in the name of 89. Pierre has 90. hasn't she 91. I’m going 92. haven't I 93. (to) see / seen 94. he isn't 95. I am 96. it wasn't 97. (to) help me 98. the flu 99. (to) lose / lost 100. a lot of 101. another (the same type) / again 102. too much… / too many… 103. no problem 104. some stamps / any stamps 105. wasn't

106. I feel 107. (to) show me 108. you haven't 109. fine / well 110. have we 111. (to) change (exchange) 112. (to) drink / drunk 113. something 114. (to) see 115. can you 116. I have brought 117. busy 118. I haven't / I don't have 119. hasn't Pierre 120. (to) eat 121. we have 122. (to) show 123. (to) change it 124. how are you? 125. ill 126. haven't they 127. some/any medicine 128. haven't we 129. the time (to…) 130. are you? 131. (to) try it 132. is she? 133. I'm not 134. now 135. (to) buy 136. I ordered 137. far from here 138. possible for me to… 139. have they 140. I haven't reserved / booked 141. yesterday

142. I don't feel 143. what 144. she hasn't 145. Mr 146. I've hurt my… 147. (to) choose / chosen 148. something French 149. he hasn't 150. (to) learn / learned 151. because 152. Miss 153. the same thing as him 154. too much noise

1. trop de monde / trop de personnes 2. je vais bien 3. attendre / attendu 4. j'ai 5. un souvenir 6. dans la chambre 7. allez-vous? 8. quelque chose de la région 9. comprendre / compris 10. fatigué 11. ils n'ont pas 12. si vous voulez 13. la même chose qu'elle 14. c'était 15. apporter / apporté 16. près d’ici 17. la même chose 18. ils ont 19. loin 20. il est 21. changer 22. elle est 23. le faire

24. je peux 25. cher 26. n'as-tu pas / n'avez-vous pas 27. me dire 28. elle n'est pas 29. la même chose que moi 30. j'ai réservé 31. aider 32. possible (de…) 33. un problème 34. il n'y a pas de… 35. finir / fini 36. j'ai attrapé 37. pour vous 38. oublier / oublié 39. elle a 40. quelque chose de + adjective 41. je ne vais pas 42. plus tard 43. j'ai mangé 44. est-ce que c'est…? 45. était 46. a-t-il

47. Pierre a-t-il 48. aujourd'hui 49. nous n'avons pas 50. apporter 51. y a-t-il? 52. un rhume 53. je ne peux pas 54. intéressant 55. la même chose que Pierre 56. voulez-vous? 57. avec moi 58. vous avez / tu as 59. comment 60. boire 61. un/une autre 62. je n'ai pas apporté 63. il a 64. une carte postale 65. ai-je 66. faire / fait 67. trop de cafards 68. faire / fait 69. je m'appelle

70. il y a 71. la même chose que vous 72. n'a-t-il pas 73. avez-vous / as-tu 74. je me suis cassé… 75. madame (Mme.) 76. si c'est possible 77. vendre / vendu 78. Pierre n'a pas 79. quelque chose de bon 80. pressé 81. a-t-elle 82. ma mère 83. choses à… 84. est-il? 85. commander 86. prendre / pris 87. l'acheter 88. sous le nom de 89. Pierre a 90. n'a-t-elle pas 91. je vais 92. n'ai je pas

93. voir / vu 94. il n'est pas 95. je suis 96. ce n'était pas 97. m'aider 98. la grippe 99. perdre / perdu 100. beaucoup de 101. encore 102. trop de… 103. pas de problème 104. des timbres 105. n'était pas 106. je me sens 107. me montrer 108. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 109. bien 110. avons-nous 111. changer de 112. boire / bu 113. quelque chose 114. voir 115. pouvez-vous

116. j'ai apporté 117. occupé 118. je n'ai pas 119. Pierre n'a-t-il pas 120. manger 121. nous avons 122. montrer 123. le changer 124. comment allez-vous? 125. malade 126. n'ont-ils pas 127. un médicament 128. n'avons-nous pas 129. le temps (de…) 130. êtes-vous? 131. l'essayer 132. est-elle? 133. je ne suis pas 134. maintenant 135. acheter 136. j'ai commandé 137. loin d'ici 138. possible pour moi de…

139. ont-ils 140. je n'ai pas réservé 141. hier 142. je ne me sens pas 143. que 144. elle n'a pas 145. monsieur (M.) 146. j'ai mal à… 147. choisir / choisi 148. quelque chose de français 149. il n'a pas 150. apprendre / appris 151. parce que 152. mademoiselle (Mlle) 153. la même chose que lui 154. trop de bruit

LESSON 49 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I can (to) do if you want I can’t can you (to) help (to) help me (to) show (to) show me (to) tell me If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a verb to start this lesson off with:

trouver It means “(to) find” You pronounce it “troo-vay”

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me where I can find Paris?

Can you tell me where I can find Paris? Pouvez-vous me dire où je peux trouver Paris ?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to find a restaurant for tonight?

Are you going to find a restaurant for later? Allez-vous trouver un restaurant pour plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to find something for Pierre.

I’m going to find something for Pierre. Je vais trouver quelque chose pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I have found something interesting.

I have found something interesting. J’ai trouvé quelque chose d’intéressant.

How would you say this in French?

What have you found?

What have you found? Qu’avez-vous trouvé?

How would you say this in French?

Have you found something for me?

Have you found something for me? Avez-vous trouvé quelque chose pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Where did you find that?

Where did you find that? Où avez-vous trouvé cela ?

How would you say this in French?

How did you find the food?

How did you find the food? Comment avez-vous trouvé la nourriture?

How would you say this in French?

We haven’t found the hotel.

We haven’t found the hotel. Nous n’avons pas trouvé l’hôtel.

Hopefully you never end up lost, but just in case:

perdu It means “lost” You pronounce it “pair-doo”

LOST In French, you can use “perdu” to mean “lost” in most senses of the word. You can use it with “je suis”, which means “I am”:

je suis perdu I am lost Or, you can use it with “j’ai”, which means “I have”:

j'ai perdu I have lost

How would you say this in French?

I am lost.

I am lost. Je suis perdu.

How would you say this in French?

Are you lost?

Are you lost? Êtes-vous perdu?

How would you say this in French?

I have lost my card.

I have lost my card. J’ai perdu ma carte.

How would you say this in French?

I have lost my car.

I have lost my car. J’ai perdu ma voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Have you lost something?

Have you lost something? Avez-vous perdu quelque chose ?

How would you say this in French?

What have you lost?

What have you lost? Qu’avez-vous perdu ?

How would you say this in French?

When did you lose the key?

When did you lose the key? Quand avez-vous perdu la clé ?

How would you say this in French?

I lost Marie at the beach.

I lost Marie at the beach. J’ai perdu Marie à la plage.

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, can you help me; I’m lost?

Excuse me, can you help me; I’m lost? Excusez-moi, pouvez-vous m’aider; je suis perdu?

WORD LIST SO FAR trouver – (to) find perdu – lost je suis perdu – I am lost j’ai perdu… – I have lost…

This next phrase is a useful one:

je comprends It means “I understand” I always think it sort of looks like “I comprehend”, and to comprehend something means to understand it You pronounce it “jsheugh com-pron(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Yes, I understand.

Yes, I understand. Oui, je comprends.

How would you say this in French?

I understand it.

I understand it. Je le comprends.

How would you say this in French?

I understand (the) French.

I understand (the) French. Je comprends le franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

I understand but I don’t want to do it.

I understand but I don’t want to do it. Je comprends mais je ne veux pas le faire. How would you say this in French?

I understand Pierre but not very well.

I understand Pierre but not very well. Je comprends Pierre mais pas très bien.

The opposite of “je comprends” is:

je ne comprends pas It means “I don’t understand” You pronounce it “jsheugh neugh com-pron(g) pah”

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand Pierre.

I don’t understand Pierre. Je ne comprends pas Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, I don’t understand.

Excuse me, I don’t understand. Excusez-moi, je ne comprends pas.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand (the) French.

I don’t understand (the) French. Je ne comprends pas le franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand French very well.

I don’t understand French very well. Je ne comprends pas le franҫais très bien.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand Marie.

I don’t understand Marie. Je ne comprends pas Marie.

You can change the phrase “je comprends” slightly and get:

je vous comprends It means “I understand you” You pronounce it “jsheugh voo com-pron(g)”

So, how would you say this in French?

Yes, I understand you.

Yes, I understand you. Oui, je vous comprends.

How would you say this in French?

Yes, I understand you very well.

Yes, I understand you very well. Oui, je vous comprends très bien.

How would you say this in French?

I understand you but not very well.

I understand you but not very well. Je vous comprends mais pas très bien.

You can change the phrase “je vous comprends” slightly and make it negative:

je ne vous comprends pas It means “I don’t understand you” You pronounce it “jsheugh neugh voo com-pron(g) pah”

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me but I don’t understand you.

Excuse me but I don’t understand you. Excusez-moi mais je ne vous comprends pas.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand you very well.

I don’t understand you very well. Je ne vous comprends pas très bien.

Here’s a verb that you can add to your ever growing collection:

parler It means “(to) speak” You pronounce it “par-lay”

So, how would you say this in French?

I don’t understand you . Can you speak in English, please?

I don’t understand you. Can you speak in English, please? Je ne vous comprends pas. Pouvezvous parler en anglais, s’il vous plaît ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to speak in French today.

I’m going to speak in French today. Je vais parler en français aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to speak with Pierre, please.

I would like to speak with Pierre, please. Je voudrais parler avec Pierre, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

I spoke French at the restaurant yesterday.

I spoke French at the restaurant yesterday. J’ai parlé français au restaurant hier.

How would you say this in French?

Can you speak in French, please?

Can you speak in French, please? Pouvez-vous parler en français, s’il vous plaît ?

This next word is an adverb. Usually, in French, words that end in -ment will end in -ly in English:

lentement It means “slowly” You pronounce it “lont-mon(g)”

So, how would you say this in French?

Can you speak slowly?

Can you speak slowly? Pouvez-vous parler lentement ?

How would you say this in French?

More slowly.

More slowly. Plus lentement.

How would you say this in French?

Can you speak more slowly, please?

Can you speak more slowly, please? Pouvez-vous parler plus lentement, s’il vous plait?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, I don’t understand you, can you speak more slowly, please?

Excuse me, I don’t understand you, can you speak more slowly, please? Excusez-moi, je ne vous comprends pas, pouvez-vous parler plus lentement, s’il vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

He spoke very slowly.

He spoke very slowly. Il a parlé très lentement.

How would you say this in French?

He didn’t speak very slowly.

He didn’t speak very slowly. Il n’a pas parlé très lentement.

How would you say this in French?

Marie spoke very slowly and it was perfect for me.

Marie spoke very slowly and it was perfect for me. Marie a parlé très lentement et c’était parfait pour moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR trouver – (to) find perdu – lost je suis perdu – I am lost j’ai perdu… – I have lost… je comprends – I understand je ne comprends pas – I don’t understand je vous comprends – I understand you je ne vous comprends pas – I don’t understand you parler – (to) speak lentement – slowly

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I can't find the key

2.

Can you help me? I'm lost

3.

I've lost everything

4.

I don't understand Michelle

5.

Can you find Marie?

6.

I'm going to speak with Mr Rouge tomorrow

7.

Can you speak slowly? I don't understand you

8.

It's lost

9.

Pierre is lost

10. I lost the car yesterday

1.

Je ne peux pas trouver la clé

2.

Pouvez-vous m'aider? Je suis perdu

3.

J'ai perdu tout

4.

Je ne comprends pas Michelle

5.

Pouvez-vous trouver Marie?

6.

Je vais parler avec Monsieur Rouge demain

7.

Pouvez-vous parler lentement? Je ne vous comprends pas

8.

C'est perdu

9.

Pierre est perdu

10. J'ai perdu la voiture hier

A little note I just wanted to make a little interception here to talk about something curious in French. In this course, I like to add things slowly and not give too much information in one go. If you learn too much in one go, it tends to overburden the brain and it makes it harder to hold onto new information. However, there is an extra little bit of French structural information that I want to add here, just to put it out there. Don’t worry if you don’t quite remember it yet, as I will be going over it again in a later lesson, but I just wanted to start the ball rolling. In number 3 of the last practice translations, the English was “I have lost everything”, and I said the French was “J’ai perdu tout”. Now, that was a perfectly acceptable answer that would be understood by all French speakers, however, a more grammatically correct way of saying it would be, “J’ai tout perdu”. In French, the word “tout” tends to go in between the auxiliary verb and the past participle when you’re talking in the past tense. So, have a look at some examples:

I have lost everything J’ai tout perdu They have eaten everything Ils ont tout mangé Have you seen everything? Avez-vous tout vu? The same thing goes with the word “trop”, which means “too much”:

I have bought too much J’ai trop acheté Have you eaten too much? Avez-vous trop mangé? So, like I said, if you don’t remember this, don’t worry, but just note that usually, French speakers will place the words “tout” and “trop” in between the auxiliary verb and the past participle when they’re speaking in the past tense. I’ll just do a few extra practice translations based on this new unveiling.

1. I have finished everything 2. Have you bought too much? 3. They have lost everything 4. Marie has said too much 5. He spoke too much yesterday 6. Did she take everything? 7. Did you understand everything? 8. I sold everything yesterday 9. I drank too much 10. We paid too much

1. J’ai tout fini 2. Avez-vous trop acheté? 3. Ils ont tout perdu 4. Marie a trop dit 5. Il a trop parlé hier 6. A-t-elle tout pris? 7. Avez-vous tout compris? 8. J’ai tout vendu hier 9. J’ai trop bu 10. Nous avons trop payé

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Allez-vous parler franҫais? 2. Hier, j'étais à Paris et j'ai perdu mon passeport 3. Excusez-moi, pouvez-vous m'aider? J'ai perdu ma voiture 4. Je ne peux pas trouver Marie 5. Est-ce que c'est possible pour vous de parler lentement, s'il vous plaît? 6. J'ai perdu l'adresse de l'hôtel, pouvez-vous me montrer où il est? 7. Puis-je parler avec vous? 8. Êtes-vous perdu? 9. Je comprends beaucoup mais pas tout 10. Pouvez-vous trouver une table pour cinq personnes?

1. Are you going to speak French? 2. Yesterday, I was in Paris and I lost my passport 3. Excuse me, can you help me? I've lost my car 4. I can't find Marie 5. Is it possible for you to speak slowly, please? 6. I've lost the hotel's address, can you show me where it is? (literally: where he is) 7. Can I speak with you? 8. Are you lost? 9. I understand a lot but not everything 10. Can you find a table for five people?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a table for four, please

2.

How much is it for six days?

3.

It’s thirty euros per month

4.

It’s eighty euros

5.

How much is it for four days?

6.

I think it’s fantastic

7.

It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary

8.

Everything is here

9.

How much is it for two days?

10. Excuse me, the bill, please

1.

Je voudrais une table pour quatre, s’il vous plaît

2.

C’est combien pour six jours?

3.

C’est trente euros par mois

4.

C’est quatre-vingts euros

5.

C’est combien pour quatre jours?

6.

Pour moi, c’est fantastique

7.

Ce n’est pas bon; c’est absolument extraordinaire

8.

Tout est ici

9.

C’est combien pour deux jours?

10. Excusez-moi, l’addition, s’il vous plaît

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour moi 2. Je voudrais une table pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît 3. Oui, c’est pour moi, merci 4. Ce n’est pas fantastique mais c’est très bon 5. Un café pour moi 6. Ma dinde est parfaite 7. Je voudrais essayer le vin, s’il vous plaît 8. C’est huit cent euros 9. Ça c’est ma dinde 10. Puis-je essayer le poulet, s’il vous plaît?

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 2. I’d like a table for three people, please 3. Yes, it’s for me, thank you 4. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 5. A coffee for me 6. My turkey is perfect 7. I’d like to try the wine, please 8. It’s eight hundred euros 9. That’s my turkey 10. Can I try the chicken, please?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I'm called 2. (to) make/do it 3. I am 4. (to) try it 5. they have 6. how 7. hasn't she 8. (to) choose / chosen 9. I can't 10. Miss 11. possible (to...) 12. in a hurry 13. I ate / I've eaten 14. I haven't brought 15. (to) help me 16. I’m going 17. we haven't 18. my mum 19. something from the region 20. I haven't / I don't have 21. things to…

22. have I 23. (to) see / seen 24. you haven't 25. she is 26. (to) finish / finished 27. I ordered 28. the same thing as him 29. have they 30. I have brought 31. too much… / too many… 32. Pierre has 33. the flu 34. no problem 35. how are you? 36. for you 37. (to) find 38. (to) make / made 39. (to) see 40. he hasn't 41. are you going? 42. (to) show 43. far 44. (to) bring / brought

45. with me 46. they haven't 47. (to) change it 48. the same thing as you 49. it wasn't 50. a cold 51. I have 52. something + adjective 53. in the room 54. I feel 55. he isn't 56. (to) buy 57. a souvenir 58. Pierre hasn't 59. (to) show me 60. busy 61. there is / there are 62. are you? 63. fine / well 64. is he? 65. has Pierre 66. haven't they 67. another (the same type) / again

68. some/any medicine 69. I understand you 70. he has 71. she has 72. I'm not 73. (to) take / taken 74. too many cockroaches 75. I’m not going 76. we have 77. (to) sell / sold 78. yesterday 79. hasn't Pierre 80. hasn't he 81. (to) change (modify) 82. something French 83. is it…? 84. was 85. (to) learn / learned 86. (to) drink 87. (to) speak 88. far from here 89. the same thing as her 90. (to) tell me

91. I don't feel 92. I have reserved / I have booked 93. the time (to…) 94. expensive 95. (to) forget / forgotten 96. I’m doing well 97. the same thing as me 98. in the name of 99. haven't we 100. ill 101. what 102. (to) order 103. I have lost… 104. is there? / are there? 105. haven't you 106. he is 107. a problem 108. today 109. a postcard 110. I haven't reserved / booked 111. Mr 112. later 113. I can

114. if you want 115. now 116. (to) do / done 117. possible for me to… 118. you have 119. she isn't 120. I don't understand 121. I am lost 122. I don't understand you 123. if it's possible 124. has he 125. interesting 126. (to) drink / drunk 127. do you want? 128. is she? 129. I've caught 130. a lot of 131. slowly 132. haven't I 133. she hasn't 134. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 135. something good 136. has she

137. near here 138. too much noise 139. (to) eat 140. Mrs 141. some stamps / any stamps 142. have we 143. tired 144. the same thing 145. (to) help 146. (to) understand / understood 147. the same thing as Pierre 148. (to) bring 149. I understand 150. (to) buy it 151. too many people 152. (to) change (exchange) 153. (to) lose / lost 154. can you 155. another (a different type) 156. I've hurt my… 157. I've broken my… 158. wasn't 159. have you

160. (to) wait / waited 161. because 162. it was 163. something

1. je m'appelle 2. le faire 3. je suis 4. l'essayer 5. ils ont 6. comment 7. n'a-t-elle pas 8. choisir / choisi 9. je ne peux pas 10. mademoiselle (Mlle) 11. possible (de…) 12. pressé 13. j'ai mangé 14. je n'ai pas apporté 15. m'aider 16. je vais 17. nous n'avons pas 18. ma mère 19. quelque chose de la région 20. je n'ai pas 21. choses à… 22. ai-je 23. voir / vu

24. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 25. elle est 26. finir / fini 27. j'ai commandé 28. la même chose que lui 29. ont-ils 30. j'ai apporté 31. trop de… 32. Pierre a 33. la grippe 34. pas de problème 35. comment allez-vous? 36. pour vous 37. trouver 38. faire / fait 39. voir 40. il n'a pas 41. allez-vous? 42. montrer 43. loin 44. apporter / apporté 45. avec moi 46. ils n'ont pas

47. le changer 48. la même chose que vous 49. ce n'était pas 50. un rhume 51. j'ai 52. quelque chose de + adjective 53. dans la chambre 54. je me sens 55. il n'est pas 56. acheter 57. un souvenir 58. Pierre n'a pas 59. me montrer 60. occupé 61. il y a 62. êtes-vous? 63. bien 64. est-il? 65. Pierre a-t-il 66. n'ont-ils pas 67. encore 68. un médicament 69. je vous comprends

70. il a 71. elle a 72. je ne suis pas 73. prendre / pris 74. trop de cafards 75. je ne vais pas 76. nous avons 77. vendre / vendu 78. hier 79. Pierre n'a-t-il pas 80. n'a-t-il pas 81. changer 82. quelque chose de français 83. est-ce que c'est…? 84. était 85. apprendre / appris 86. boire 87. parler 88. loin d'ici 89. la même chose qu'elle 90. me dire 91. je ne me sens pas 92. j'ai réservé

93. le temps (de…) 94. cher 95. oublier / oublié 96. je vais bien 97. la même chose que moi 98. sous le nom de 99. n'avons-nous pas 100. malade 101. que 102. commander 103. j'ai perdu… 104. y a-t-il? 105. n'as-tu pas / n'avez-vous pas 106. il est 107. un problème 108. aujourd'hui 109. une carte postale 110. je n'ai pas réservé 111. monsieur (M.) 112. plus tard 113. je peux 114. si vous voulez 115. maintenant

116. faire / fait 117. possible pour moi de… 118. vous avez / tu as 119. elle n'est pas 120. je ne comprends pas 121. je suis perdu 122. je ne vous comprends pas 123. si c'est possible 124. a-t-il 125. intéressant 126. boire / bu 127. voulez-vous? 128. est-elle? 129. j'ai attrapé 130. beaucoup de 131. lentement 132. n'ai je pas 133. elle n'a pas 134. il n'y a pas de… 135. quelque chose de bon 136. a-t-elle 137. près d’ici 138. trop de bruit

139. manger 140. madame (Mme.) 141. des timbres 142. avons-nous 143. fatigué 144. la même chose 145. aider 146. comprendre / compris 147. la même chose que Pierre 148. apporter 149. je comprends 150. l'acheter 151. trop de monde / trop de personnes 152. changer de 153. perdre / perdu 154. pouvez-vous 155. un/une autre 156. j'ai mal à… 157. je me suis cassé… 158. n'était pas 159. avez-vous / as-tu 160. attendre / attendu 161. parce que

162. c'était 163. quelque chose

LESSON 50 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? (to) find lost I am lost I’ve lost… I understand I don’t understand I understand you I don’t understand you (to) speak slowly If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson:

je sais It means “I know” You pronounce it “jsheugh say”

je sais You can use “je sais” to mean just “I know”, but you can also use it to mean “I know how…”.

je sais parler franҫais I know how to speak French

je sais le faire I know how to do it So, in French, you don’t need to use the word for “how” in this situation; you simply say “je sais” and put a verb on the end. Another point to note is that the French would never say “I can speak French” or “I can speak English” using “je peux”. Instead of saying “I can”, they would always use, “I know how…” using “je sais”.

je sais parler franҫais et anglais I can speak French and English (I know how to speak French and English)

How would you say this in French?

I know how to speak French.

I know how to speak French. Je sais parler franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

I can speak French.

I can speak French. Je sais parler franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

I know what time dinner is.

I know what time dinner is. Je sais à quelle heure est le dîner.

How would you say this in French?

I know where.

I know where. Je sais où.

You can make “je sais” negative:

je ne sais pas It means “I don’t know” You pronounce it “jsheugh neugh say pah”

So, how would you say this in French?

I don’t know how to speak Spanish.

I don’t know how to speak Spanish. Je ne sais pas parler espagnol.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t speak Italian but I can speak French.

I can’t speak Italian but I can speak French. Je ne sais pas parler italien mais je sais parler franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where I can buy a map.

I don’t know where I can buy a map. Je ne sais pas où je peux acheter un plan.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where I ate yesterday but the food was delicious.

I don’t know where I ate yesterday but the food was delicious. Je ne sais pas où j’ai mangé hier mais la nourriture était délicieuse.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where I can find something for Pierre.

I don’t know where I can find something for Pierre. Je ne sais pas où je peux trouver quelque chose pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where I am.

I don’t know where I am. Je ne sais pas où je suis.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where he is.

I don’t know where he is. Je ne sais pas où il est.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where you are.

I don’t know where you are. Je ne sais pas où vous êtes.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where I’m going.

I don’t know where I’m going. Je ne sais pas où je vais.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know where you’re going.

I don’t know where you’re going. Je ne sais pas où vous allez.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know.

I don’t know. Je ne sais pas.

Instead of saying “I know”, we can change it a little and get:

savez-vous It means “do you know” or “do you know how” You pronounce it “savay-voo”

How would you say this in French?

Do you know how to speak English?

Do you know how to speak English? Savez-vous parler anglais ?

How would you say this in French?

Do you know where the bank is?

Do you know where the bank is? Savez-vous où est la banque ?

savez-vous You might have got the last translation a little wrong. Did you say this?

savez-vous où la banque est? do you know where the bank is? Well, in French, they would say instead, “Do you know where is the bank?”

savez-vous où est la banque? do you know where the bank is? (literally: do you know where is the bank?) So, the “is” goes in front of the place.

savez-vous où est le restaurant? do you know where the restaurant is? (literally: do you know where is the restaurant?)

How would you ask this in French?

Do you know where Pierre is?

Do you know where Pierre is? Savez-vous où est Pierre ?

How would you say this?

Do you know where the restaurant is?

Do you know where the restaurant is? Savez-vous où est le restaurant ?

Let’s add another phrase:

je suis désolé It means “I’m sorry” You pronounce it “jsheugh swee deh-zoh-lay”

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but it’s terrible.

I’m sorry but it’s terrible. Je suis désolé mais c’est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I don’t know.

I’m sorry but I don’t know. Je suis désolé mais je ne sais pas.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I haven’t made a reservation.

I’m sorry but I haven’t made a reservation. Je suis désolé mais je n’ai pas fait une réservation.

How would you say this?

I’m sorry but I’m lost.

I’m sorry but I’m lost. Je suis désolé mais je suis perdu.

How would you say this in French?

I’m very sorry but I don’t understand you. Can you speak more slowly, please?

I’m very sorry but I don’t understand you. Can you speak more slowly, please? Je suis très désolé mais je ne vous comprends pas. Pouvez-vous parler plus lentement, s’il vous plaît ?

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but it isn’t possible.

I’m sorry but it isn’t possible. Je suis désolé mais ce n’est pas possible.

Let’s add another way of saying sorry:

pardon It means “sorry” or “excuse me” You pronounce it “pahr-don(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Sorry, I don’t understand you.

Sorry, I don’t understand you. Pardon, je ne vous comprends pas.

How would you say this in French?

Sorry! (after bumping into somebody)

Sorry! Pardon!

WORD LIST SO FAR je sais – I know / I know how je sais parler franҫais – I can speak French je ne sais pas – I don’t know / I don’t know how savez-vous – do you know je suis désolé – I’m sorry pardon – sorry / excuse me

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I can’t (I don’t know how to) speak French

2.

I’m sorry but I haven’t made a reservation

3.

Do you know where I can hire a car?

4.

Do you know where I can buy a map?

5.

Sorry, (pardon) I don’t understand you

6.

I’m sorry but it’s absolutely terrible here

7.

I don’t know where we hired the car

8.

Do you know if it’s possible for me to pay here?

9.

Do you know what time the breakfast is at the hotel?

10. Sorry! (after bumping into somebody)

1.

Je ne sais pas parler français

2.

Je suis désolé mais je n’ai pas fait une réservation

3.

Savez-vous où je peux louer une voiture?

4.

Savez-vous où je peux acheter un plan?

5.

Pardon, je ne vous comprends pas

6.

Je suis désolé mais c’est absolument terrible ici

7.

Je ne sais pas où nous avons loué la voiture

8.

Savez-vous si c’est possible pour moi de payer ici?

9.

Savez-vous à quelle heure est le petit-déjeuner à l’hôtel?

10. Pardon!

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je sais le faire 2. Je sais parler français et anglais 3. Je ne sais pas où je vais 4. Je suis désolé mais je ne sais pas où vous êtes 5. Savez-vous parler anglais? 6. Savez-vous où est le restaurant? 7. Je suis désolé mais je ne sais pas 8. Je suis désolé mais je suis perdu 9. Je sais parler un peu de français 10. Je suis désolé mais je ne peux pas aider

1. I know how to do it 2. I can speak French and English 3. I don’t know where I’m going 4. I’m sorry but I don’t know where you are 5. Can you (Do you know how to) speak English? 6. Do you know where the restaurant is? 7. I’m sorry but I don’t know 8. I’m sorry but I’m lost 9. I can speak a bit of French 10. I’m sorry but I can’t help

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Do you have this in brown?

2.

Turn left after the traffic lights

3.

Are you going to try the wine?

4.

No, he isn’t here

5.

How much is the chicken?

6.

It’s a bit too big

7.

It’s quarter past ten

8.

It’s at quarter past ten

9.

Can I pay the bill later?

10. Where is the botanical garden?

1.

Avez-vous ceci en marron?

2.

Tournez à gauche après les feux

3.

Allez-vous essayer le vin?

4.

Non, il n’est pas ici

5.

C’est combien le poulet?

6.

C’est un peu trop grand

7.

Il est dix heures et quart

8.

C’est à dix heures et quart

9.

Puis-je payer l’addition plus tard?

10. Où est le jardin botanique?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Avons-nous pris la clé de Pierre? 2. Je vais le faire maintenant 3. Tournez à gauche et c’est à droite 4. Je ne vais pas boire ҫa 5. Avez-vous du café? 6. Où voulez-vous aller maintenant? 7. Au rond-point, prenez la première sortie 8. Avez-vous ces chaussures en jaune? 9. C’est beau 10. Je voudrais une chambre avec lits jumeaux

1. Have we taken Pierre’s key? 2. I’m going to do it now 3. Turn left and it’s on the right 4. I’m not going to drink that 5. Do you have any coffee? 6. Where do you want to go now? 7. At the roundabout, take the first exit 8. Do you have these shoes in yellow? 9. It’s beautiful 10. I would like a room with twin beds

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. (to) lose / lost 2. have I 3. he has 4. do you know? 5. my mum 6. (to) wait / waited 7. something good 8. today 9. she is 10. (to) change it 11. something French 12. the same thing as him 13. far 14. I’m doing well 15. (to) show 16. have they 17. if you want 18. I’m not going 19. yesterday 20. (to) drink 21. a cold

22. (to) change (exchange) 23. (to) show me 24. have we 25. the same thing as you 26. I don't understand you 27. (to) see 28. I haven't brought 29. tired 30. now 31. I am lost 32. he isn't 33. ill 34. (to) bring 35. a souvenir 36. I don't understand 37. hasn't she 38. if it's possible 39. a postcard 40. expensive 41. do you want? 42. with me 43. possible (to...) 44. I have

45. in a hurry 46. is she? 47. I don't feel 48. I'm not 49. (to) make / made 50. no problem 51. in the name of 52. I understand 53. the same thing as Pierre 54. has she 55. she hasn't 56. I'm called 57. Pierre hasn't 58. I've caught 59. something + adjective 60. (to) speak 61. too much noise 62. too much… / too many… 63. (to) try it 64. (to) eat 65. (to) change (modify) 66. I have brought 67. you have

68. (to) tell me 69. something 70. is it…? 71. I’m going 72. I ate / I've eaten 73. later 74. (to) help me 75. I feel 76. something from the region 77. (to) buy it 78. for you 79. how are you? 80. Mr 81. I've hurt my… 82. they haven't 83. Pierre has 84. it was 85. some stamps / any stamps 86. are you? 87. (to) make/do it 88. the flu 89. Miss 90. near here

91. slowly 92. I can't 93. another (a different type) 94. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 95. was 96. hasn't Pierre 97. I haven't reserved / booked 98. too many people 99. busy 100. the same thing as her 101. are you going? 102. the same thing 103. (to) do / done 104. (to) drink / drunk 105. the time (to…) 106. interesting 107. (to) sell / sold 108. possible for me to… 109. Mrs 110. some/any medicine 111. (to) find 112. she has 113. I haven't / I don't have

114. I am 115. has he 116. I have reserved / I have booked 117. I have lost… 118. is he? 119. you haven't 120. there is / there are 121. (to) take / taken 122. haven't we 123. (to) order 124. haven't they 125. have you 126. we haven't 127. too many cockroaches 128. a problem 129. I ordered 130. in the room 131. I don't know / I don't know how 132. I'm sorry 133. (to) help 134. sorry / excuse me 135. fine / well 136. I've broken my…

137. I can 138. he is 139. wasn't 140. (to) buy 141. haven't I 142. hasn't he 143. the same thing as me 144. (to) finish / finished 145. I can speak French 146. a lot of 147. can you 148. (to) choose / chosen 149. (to) understand / understood 150. they have 151. haven't you 152. (to) bring / brought 153. he hasn't 154. what 155. I understand you 156. far from here 157. she isn't 158. things to… 159. I know / I know how

160. another (the same type) / again 161. how 162. is there? / are there? 163. because 164. we have 165. (to) learn / learned 166. (to) forget / forgotten 167. has Pierre 168. (to) see / seen 169. it wasn't

1. perdre / perdu 2. ai-je 3. il a 4. savez-vous? 5. ma mère 6. attendre / attendu 7. quelque chose de bon 8. aujourd'hui 9. elle est 10. le changer 11. quelque chose de français 12. la même chose que lui 13. loin 14. je vais bien 15. montrer 16. ont-ils 17. si vous voulez 18. je ne vais pas 19. hier 20. boire 21. un rhume 22. changer de 23. me montrer

24. avons-nous 25. la même chose que vous 26. je ne vous comprends pas 27. voir 28. je n'ai pas apporté 29. fatigué 30. maintenant 31. je suis perdu 32. il n'est pas 33. malade 34. apporter 35. un souvenir 36. je ne comprends pas 37. n'a-t-elle pas 38. si c'est possible 39. une carte postale 40. cher 41. voulez-vous? 42. avec moi 43. possible (de…) 44. j'ai 45. pressé 46. est-elle?

47. je ne me sens pas 48. je ne suis pas 49. faire / fait 50. pas de problème 51. sous le nom de 52. je comprends 53. la même chose que Pierre 54. a-t-elle 55. elle n'a pas 56. je m'appelle 57. Pierre n'a pas 58. j'ai attrapé 59. quelque chose de + adjective 60. parler 61. trop de bruit 62. trop de… 63. l'essayer 64. manger 65. changer 66. j'ai apporté 67. vous avez / tu as 68. me dire 69. quelque chose

70. est-ce que c'est…? 71. je vais 72. j'ai mangé 73. plus tard 74. m'aider 75. je me sens 76. quelque chose de la région 77. l'acheter 78. pour vous 79. comment allez-vous? 80. monsieur (M.) 81. j'ai mal à… 82. ils n'ont pas 83. Pierre a 84. c'était 85. des timbres 86. êtes-vous? 87. le faire 88. la grippe 89. mademoiselle (Mlle) 90. près d’ici 91. lentement 92. je ne peux pas

93. un/une autre 94. il n'y a pas de… 95. était 96. Pierre n'a-t-il pas 97. je n'ai pas réservé 98. trop de monde / trop de personnes 99. occupé 100. la même chose qu'elle 101. allez-vous? 102. la même chose 103. faire / fait 104. boire / bu 105. le temps (de…) 106. intéressant 107. vendre / vendu 108. possible pour moi de… 109. madame (Mme.) 110. un médicament 111. trouver 112. elle a 113. je n'ai pas 114. je suis 115. a-t-il

116. j'ai réservé 117. j'ai perdu… 118. est-il? 119. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 120. il y a 121. prendre / pris 122. n'avons-nous pas 123. commander 124. n'ont-ils pas 125. avez-vous / as-tu 126. nous n'avons pas 127. trop de cafards 128. un problème 129. j'ai commandé 130. dans la chambre 131. je ne sais pas 132. je suis désolé 133. aider 134. pardon 135. bien 136. je me suis cassé… 137. je peux 138. il est

139. n'était pas 140. acheter 141. n'ai je pas 142. n'a-t-il pas 143. la même chose que moi 144. finir / fini 145. je sais parler français 146. beaucoup de 147. pouvez-vous 148. choisir / choisi 149. comprendre / compris 150. ils ont 151. n'as-tu pas / n'avez-vous pas 152. apporter / apporté 153. il n'a pas 154. que 155. je vous comprends 156. loin d'ici 157. elle n'est pas 158. choses à… 159. je sais 160. encore 161. comment

162. y a-t-il? 163. parce que 164. nous avons 165. apprendre / appris 166. oublier / oublié 167. Pierre a-t-il 168. voir / vu 169. ce n'était pas

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons forty-eight to fifty of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons fifty-one to fifty-three, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 51 – 53 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 48-50”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

C ontents LESSON 51 LESSON 52 LESSON 53 Merci

LESSON 51 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I know I don’t know I can speak French do you know? I’m sorry sorry / excuse me If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Building Structures Can you remember that a few lessons ago, I introduced you to the first structure in French? It was a structure that enabled you to ask questions: QUE

VOULEZVOUS

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

MANGER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Well, you can also use this first structure in a non-question format. Let’s start with a quick recap of the structure in the question form.

Structure one in the question format consists of just three parts:

Que voulez-vous manger? What do you want to eat?

Que 2voulez-vous 3manger? 1What 2do you want 3to eat?

1

QUE

VOULEZVOUS

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

MANGER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Remember, we said you could add the optional fourth part, the “extra information”.

Que 2voulez-vous 3manger 4ce soir? 1What 2do you want 3to eat 4tonight?

1

VOULEZ4 QUE VOUS CE SOIR 3 MANGER QUESTION INFINITIVE EXTRA INFINITIVE WORD CARRIER INFORMATION TO EAT WHAT DO YOU TONIGHT WANT 2

1

To use this structure when you’re not asking a question is quite simple; you just take the question word off and flip the infinitive carrier around. You’ll have probably noticed that the infinitive carriers are made up of two parts. You simply flip them around to make them into a non-question. Let me show you what I mean.

Let’s compare a question and a non-question in the structure 1 format.

Que pouvez-vous manger? What can you eat? Vous pouvez manger plus tard. You can eat later. So, the infinitive carrier “pouvez-vous” means “can you”, and if you flip it around, you get “vous pouvez”, which means “you can”.

vous pouvez manger You can eat vous pouvez voir Pierre You can see Pierre vous pouvez aller demain You can go tomorrow

There’s just one thing to remember. When you flip around the infinitive carrier “puis-je”, it changes slightly and you get “je peux”. “Puis-je” means “can I” and “je peux” means “I can”.

je peux manger I can eat je peux voir Pierre I can see Pierre je peux aller demain I can go tomorrow

Below are two lists. First are the infinitive carriers as questions, and on below them are the infinitive carriers as non-questions. Question infinitive carriers Puis-je – Can I Pouvez-vous – Can you Voulez-vous – Do you want Allez-vous – Are you going Dois-je – Do I have to / Must I Devez-vous – Do you have to / Must you Non-question infinitive carriers Je peux – I can Vous pouvez – you can Vous voulez – you want Vous allez – you are going Je dois – I have to / I must Vous devez – you have to / you must A couple of extras you can use

Je veux – I want Je vais – I’m going

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something here for Pierre.

You can buy something here for Pierre. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose ici pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Vous pouvez l’acheter plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I can see it.

I can see it. Je peux le voir.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy something here.

I can buy something here. Je peux acheter quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something at the supermarket.

You can buy something at the supermarket. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose au supermarché.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy some cheese.

I can buy some cheese. Je peux acheter du fromage.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy something for my mum here.

I can buy something for my mum here. Je peux acheter quelque chose pour ma mère ici.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to be tired tomorrow.

You’re going to be tired tomorrow. Vous allez être fatigué demain.

How would you say this in French?

I have to be there soon.

I have to be there soon. Je dois être là bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You can bring it for Pierre.

You can bring it for Pierre. Vous pouvez l’apporter pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Vous pouvez l’acheter plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I must say something.

I must say something. Je dois dire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

I can bring it for Jeanne.

I can bring it for Jeanne. Je peux l’apporter pour Jeanne.

How would you say this in French?

I have to start soon.

I have to start soon. Je dois commencer bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You can eat something at the restaurant.

You can eat something at the restaurant. Vous pouvez manger quelque chose au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I have to leave tomorrow.

I have to leave tomorrow. Je dois partir demain.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something in Paris.

You can buy something in Paris. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to be there soon.

You’re going to be there soon. Vous allez être là bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You must go now.

You must go now. Vous devez aller maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

You have to leave tomorrow.

You have to leave tomorrow. Vous devez partir demain.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it tomorrow.

You can buy it tomorrow. Vous pouvez l’acheter demain.

How would you say this in French?

You must say something.

You must say something. Vous devez dire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

You can bring it with you.

You can bring it with you. Vous pouvez l’apporter avec vous.

How would you say this in French?

I want to eat something.

I want to eat something. Je veux manger quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Vous allez dépenser trop d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

I must find the hotel.

I must find the hotel. Je dois trouver l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to change it now.

I’m going to change it now. Je vais le changer maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to buy too much.

You’re going to buy too much. Vous allez acheter trop.

How would you say this in French?

I want to buy something here.

I want to buy something here. Je veux acheter quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it in Marseille.

You can buy it in Marseille. Vous pouvez l’acheter à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

You must drink something.

You must drink something. Vous devez boire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

I can bring it tomorrow.

I can bring it tomorrow. Je peux l’apporter demain.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something for Marie.

You can buy something for Marie. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose pour Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy it today.

I can buy it today. Je peux l’acheter aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy it later.

I can buy it later. Je peux l’acheter plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy it tomorrow.

I can buy it tomorrow. Je peux l’acheter demain.

How would you say this in French?

I want to see La Rochelle tomorrow.

I want to see La Rochelle tomorrow. Je veux voir La Rochelle demain.

How would you say this in French?

You have to call Michel.

You have to call Michel. Vous devez appeler Michel.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to call Michel tomorrow.

I’m going to call Michel tomorrow. Je vais appeler Michel demain.

How would you say this in French?

I want to spend three weeks there.

I want to spend three weeks there. Je veux passer trois semaines là.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to order the chicken for Pierre.

I’m going to order the chicken for Pierre. Je vais commander le poulet pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I must change the reservation.

I must change the reservation. Je dois changer la réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I must go now.

I must go now. Je dois aller maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

You must eat something.

You must eat something. Vous devez manger quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something here.

You can buy something here. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to do it later.

I’m going to do it later. Je vais le faire plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

You have to be in Aix-en-Provence tomorrow.

You have to be in Aix-en-Provence tomorrow. Vous devez être à Aix-en-Provence demain.

How would you say this in French?

You have to start soon.

You have to start soon. Vous devez commencer bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something at the hotel.

You can buy something at the hotel. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

You can bring it for Davide.

You can bring it for Davide. Vous pouvez l’apporter pour Davide.

How would you say this in French?

You must change it now.

You must change it now. Vous devez le changer maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I have to call Marie.

I have to call Marie. Je dois appeler Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I have to be in Calais tomorrow.

I have to be in Calais tomorrow. Je dois être à Calais demain.

How would you say this in French?

You have to be there soon.

You have to be there soon. Vous devez être là bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy it today.

I’m going to buy it today. Je vais l’acheter aujourd’hui.

So, there you have it, the first French structure in a non-question form:

Vous pouvez manger ici. You can eat here.

Vous pouvez 2manger 3ici. 1You can 2eat 3here.

1

VOUS POUVEZ 1

INFINITIVE CARRIER

YOU CAN

MANGER

2

INFINITIVE

EAT

ICI

3

EXTRA INFORMATION

HERE

LESSON 52 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I can you can you want I want you're going I’m going I have to you have to If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

We’ve already had this word:

essayer It means “(to) try” You pronounce it “ess-say-ay”

TO TRY So, we’ve already had the verb “essayer”, which means “to try”. We’ve seen that it can be used with food and drink to say what you’d like to try. However, what if you want to say “I want to try to speak French”? Well, when you want to say “to try to do something”, there’s a little word that has to be used with “essayer”, and that’s “de”. It doesn’t mean anything in this situation, but it allows you to put a verb on the end of “essayer”, so that it almost becomes an infinitive carrier. So, “essayer de” means “to try to…”

je vais essayer de parler français I’m going to try to speak French

je dois essayer de trouver Marie I have to try to find Marie

So, just to reiterate:

essayer de It means “(to) try to…” You pronounce it “ess-say-ay deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I have to try to speak French.

I have to try to speak French. Je dois essayer de parler français.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to try to speak French?

Are you going to try to speak French? Allez-vous essayer de parler français?

How would you say this in French?

I want to try to call Marie.

I want to try to call Marie. Je veux essayer d’appeler Marie. The word DE becomes D’ in front of a vowel = d’appeler

How would you say this in French?

You must try to be here tomorrow.

You must try to be here tomorrow. Vous devez essayer d’être ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to try to be here tomorrow.

I’m going to try to be here tomorrow. Je vais essayer d’être ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to try to do?

What are you going to try to do? Qu’allez-vous essayer de faire ?

In the past tense, you can change “essayer” to this:

j'ai essayé (de) It means “I have tried (to)” You pronounce it “jshay ess-say-ay deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I have tried to speak French.

I have tried to speak French. J’ai essayé de parler français.

How would you say this in French?

I tried to call Marie.

I tried to call Marie. J’ai essayé d’appeler Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I tried the cheese.

I tried the cheese. J’ai essayé le fromage.

How would you say this in French?

Have you tried the wine?

Have you tried the wine? Avez-vous essayé le vin ?

How would you say this in French?

I have tried to speak French but it’s too difficult (difficile).

I have tried to speak French but it’s too difficult. J’ai essayé de parler français mais c’est trop difficile.

How would you say this in French?

I tried the wine.

I tried the wine. J’ai essayé le vin.

How would you say this in French?

I tried to find it.

I tried to find it. J’ai essayé de le trouver.

How would you say this in French?

I tried to make a reservation but the restaurant is too busy.

I tried to make a reservation but the restaurant is too busy J’ai essayé de faire une réservation mais le restaurant est trop occupé.

WORD LIST SO FAR essayer – (to) try essayer de – (to) try to j’ai essayé (de) – I tried (to)

This next phrase is a useful one:

je l’ai essayé It means “I have tried it” You pronounce it “jsheugh lay ess-say-ay”

How would you say this in French?

Yes, I have tried it.

Yes, I have tried it. Oui, je l’ai essayé.

This next phrase is similar to the last one:

Je ne l’ai pas essayé It means “I haven’t tried it” You pronounce it “jsheugh neugh lay paz ess-say-ay”

How would you say this in French?

No, I haven’t tried it.

No, I haven’t tried it. Non, je ne l’ai pas essayé.

“IT” IN THE PAST Remember how you can put “le” in front of a verb to mean “it”? je le comprends I understand it je veux le faire I want to do it voulez-vous le manger? do you want to eat it? Well, if you’re talking in the past, you always put the “le” in front of the auxiliary verb. je l’ai fait I have done it je l’ai mangé I have eaten it l’avez-vous mangé ? have you eaten it? elle l’a payé she paid it

How would you say this in French?

I ate it.

I ate it. Je l’ai mangé.

How would you say this in French?

I have eaten it.

I have eaten it. Je l’ai mangé.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t eat it.

I didn’t eat it. Je ne l’ai pas mangé. How would you say this in French?

I haven’t eaten it.

I haven’t eaten it. Je ne l’ai pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

Have you eaten it?

Have you eaten it? L’avez-vous mangé?

How would you say this in French?

He didn’t eat it.

He didn’t eat it. Il ne l’a pas mangé.

How would you say this in French?

They ate it.

They ate it. Ils l’ont mangé.

How would you say this in French?

We didn’t eat it.

We didn’t eat it. Nous ne l’avons pas mangé.

IT / HIM / HER In French, when you put “le” in front of a verb, it can either mean “it” (as we’ve already seen) or “him”. je l’ai vu I have seen it / I have seen him je dois le trouver I have to find it / I have to find him The situation will tell you whether they mean “it” or “him”, so it won’t get mixed up. If you want to say “her”, then simply put a “la” in front of the verb instead of a “le”. je vais la voir I’m going to see her je veux la voir I want to see her

HER One little thing to remember is that when you’re talking in the past tense and you use the word for “her” (la), then you have you add an “e” to the end of the past participle. This is because the “le” and the “la” both just become L’ in front of the auxiliary verb, so it helps you to tell whether you’re talking about “him” or “her”. je l’ai vu I have seen him je l’ai vue I have seen her l’avez-vous trouvé? have you found him? l’avez-vous trouvée? have you found her? However, this is only when you have a past participle. Any other time, everything just stays the same. je le comprends I understand him je la comprends I understand her

How would you say this in French?

I saw him yesterday.

I saw him yesterday. Je l’ai vu hier.

How would you say this in French?

I saw her yesterday.

I saw her yesterday. Je l’ai vue hier.

How would you say this in French?

I found him here.

I found him here. Je l’ai trouvé ici.

How would you say this in French?

I found her here.

I found her here. Je l’ai trouvée ici.

How would you say this in French?

I understand him.

I understand him. Je le comprends.

So, how would you say this in French?

I understand her.

I understand her. Je la comprends.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to see him.

I’m going to see him. Je vais le voir.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to see her.

I’m going to see her Je vais la voir.

WORD LIST SO FAR essayer – (to) try essayer de… – (to) try to… j’ai essayé de… – I tried to… je l’ai essayé – I tried it je ne l’ai pas essayé – I haven’t tried it le voir – to see him la voir – to see her je l’ai vu – I saw him je l’ai vue – I saw her

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Are you going to try to make a reservation?

2.

I have to try to find the passports

3.

I tried it but it wasn’t very good

4.

I didn’t try it

5.

I tried to call Marie yesterday

6.

When are you going to see it?

7.

I saw her yesterday in Paris

8.

Did you try the cheese?

9.

I’ve done it now

10. They didn’t buy it

1.

Allez-vous essayer de faire une réservation?

2.

Je dois essayer de trouver les passeports

3.

Je l’ai essayé mais ce n’était pas très bon

4.

Je ne l’ai pas essayé

5.

J’ai essayé d’appeler Marie hier

6.

Quand allez-vous le voir?

7.

Je l’ai vue hier à Paris

8.

Avez-vous essayé le fromage?

9.

Je l’ai fait maintenant

10. Ils ne l’ont pas acheté

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je veux le voir 2. Je la comprends 3. J’ai perdu ma voiture hier mais je l’ai trouvée aujourd’hui 4. Je le comprends 5. Nous avons essayé de commander le vin en français mais c’était trop difficile 6. Je n’ai pas essayé le vin 7. Je dois le trouver 8. Nous ne l’avons pas mangé 9. Je l’ai acheté pour vous 10. Avez-vous essayé de trouver Pierre?

1. I want to see it / him 2. I understand her 3. I lost my car yesterday but I found it today 4. I understand him / it 5. We tried to order the wine in French but it was too difficult 6. I didn’t try the wine 7. I have to find it / him 8. We didn’t eat it 9. I bought it for you 10. Did you try to find Pierre?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

She isn’t tired

2.

Do you have a table for two people?

3.

The reservation is at half past five

4.

How much is it for six days?

5.

I would like some butter

6.

I’m going to Jeanne’s house later

7.

Do you want to change it?

8.

I want to see Mr Boulot

9.

For lunch, I would like a baguette

10. I like the red coat but I prefer it in blue

1.

Elle n’est pas fatiguée

2.

Avez-vous une table pour deux personnes?

3.

La réservation est à cinq heures et demie

4.

C’est combien pour six jours?

5.

Je voudrais du beurre

6.

Je vais chez Jeanne plus tard

7.

Voulez-vous le changer?

8.

Je veux voir Monsieur Boulot

9.

Pour le déjeuner, je voudrais une baguette

10. J’aime le manteau rouge mais je le préfère en bleu

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ҫa c’est trop grand pour moi 2. Je ne vais pas à la plage maintenant, mais je voudrais aller plus tard 3. Quelle est la soupe? 4. Il est à l’hôtel 5. Comment allez-vous? 6. Ce n’est pas ici; c’est là 7. La douche ne marche pas 8. Oui, je vais à Paris demain 9. Salut 10. Pour aller à la gare?

1. That’s too big for me 2. I’m not going to the beach now, but I would like to go later 3. What is the soup? 4. He’s at the hotel 5. How are you? 6. It isn’t here; it’s there 7. The shower doesn’t work 8. Yes, I’m going to Paris tomorrow 9. Hi 10. How do I get to the train station?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. possible (to...) 2. (to) help 3. I can 4. haven't I 5. I understand 6. (to) find 7. I have reserved / I have booked 8. (to) eat 9. today 10. the same thing as her 11. I haven't brought 12. what 13. it wasn't 14. I know / I know how 15. something + adjective 16. there is / there are 17. they haven't 18. I understand you 19. I'm called 20. tired 21. a lot of

22. is it…? 23. I have brought 24. another (the same type) / again 25. now 26. have I 27. too many cockroaches 28. (to) tell me 29. I feel 30. I’m doing well 31. I don't understand 32. have we 33. Mr 34. Pierre has 35. a postcard 36. (to) try it 37. far 38. because 39. yesterday 40. (to) lose / lost 41. (to) buy 42. (to) see / seen 43. busy 44. wasn't

45. hasn't he 46. I saw her 47. I don't feel 48. (to) learn / learned 49. later 50. she is 51. you have 52. (to) forget / forgotten 53. it was 54. I have 55. fine / well 56. have you 57. (to) drink / drunk 58. (to) show 59. (to) drink 60. I have lost… 61. interesting 62. Miss 63. the same thing as me 64. do you know? 65. how are you? 66. I saw him 67. has she

68. (to) make/do it 69. something from the region 70. the same thing as Pierre 71. I’m going 72. I've broken my… 73. some stamps / any stamps 74. I'm sorry 75. (to) bring / brought 76. the same thing as him 77. do you want? 78. the same thing as you 79. I am 80. too much… / too many… 81. (to) order 82. have they 83. (to) change (modify) 84. (to) bring 85. I've hurt my… 86. I haven't reserved / booked 87. (to) see her 88. how 89. Pierre hasn't 90. the flu

91. (to) finish / finished 92. he isn't 93. something French 94. (to) see him 95. (to) try 96. (to) sell / sold 97. (to) wait / waited 98. in the name of 99. are you? 100. near here 101. she isn't 102. a problem 103. you haven't 104. (to) buy it 105. is there? / are there? 106. something 107. the time (to…) 108. (to) change (exchange) 109. far from here 110. a souvenir 111. haven't you 112. (to) do / done 113. he hasn't

114. I’m not going 115. with me 116. I ate / I've eaten 117. too many people 118. some/any medicine 119. possible for me to… 120. is she? 121. (to) try to… 122. I can speak French 123. (to) change it 124. I've caught 125. something good 126. can you 127. I can't 128. ill 129. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 130. she has 131. my mum 132. (to) choose / chosen 133. I haven't / I don't have 134. has Pierre 135. (to) make / made 136. (to) see

137. I don't know / I don't know how 138. slowly 139. I haven't tried it 140. too much noise 141. haven't they 142. another (a different type) 143. hasn't Pierre 144. I tried it 145. Mrs 146. we haven't 147. (to) speak 148. haven't we 149. he is 150. she hasn't 151. (to) show me 152. I don't understand you 153. they have 154. in a hurry 155. (to) help me 156. hasn't she 157. (to) understand / understood 158. things to… 159. expensive

160. I ordered 161. are you going? 162. sorry / excuse me 163. we have 164. is he? 165. if it's possible 166. the same thing 167. I'm not 168. (to) take / taken 169. in the room 170. if you want 171. he has 172. for you 173. no problem 174. I am lost 175. was 176. a cold 177. has he

1. possible (de…) 2. aider 3. je peux 4. n'ai je pas 5. je comprends 6. trouver 7. j'ai réservé 8. manger 9. aujourd'hui 10. la même chose qu'elle 11. je n'ai pas apporté 12. que 13. ce n'était pas 14. je sais 15. quelque chose de + adjective 16. il y a 17. ils n'ont pas 18. je vous comprends 19. je m'appelle 20. fatigué 21. beaucoup de 22. est-ce que c'est…? 23. j'ai apporté

24. encore 25. maintenant 26. ai-je 27. trop de cafards 28. me dire 29. je me sens 30. je vais bien 31. je ne comprends pas 32. avons-nous 33. monsieur (M.) 34. Pierre a 35. une carte postale 36. l'essayer 37. loin 38. parce que 39. hier 40. perdre / perdu 41. acheter 42. voir / vu 43. occupé 44. n'était pas 45. n'a-t-il pas 46. je l'ai vue

47. je ne me sens pas 48. apprendre / appris 49. plus tard 50. elle est 51. vous avez / tu as 52. oublier / oublié 53. c'était 54. j'ai 55. bien 56. avez-vous / as-tu 57. boire / bu 58. montrer 59. boire 60. j'ai perdu… 61. intéressant 62. mademoiselle (Mlle) 63. la même chose que moi 64. savez-vous? 65. comment allez-vous? 66. je l'ai vu 67. a-t-elle 68. le faire 69. quelque chose de la région

70. la même chose que Pierre 71. je vais 72. je me suis cassé… 73. des timbres 74. je suis désolé 75. apporter / apporté 76. la même chose que lui 77. voulez-vous? 78. la même chose que vous 79. je suis 80. trop de… 81. commander 82. ont-ils 83. changer 84. apporter 85. j'ai mal à… 86. je n'ai pas réservé 87. la voir 88. comment 89. Pierre n'a pas 90. la grippe 91. finir / fini 92. il n'est pas

93. quelque chose de français 94. le voir 95. essayer 96. vendre / vendu 97. attendre / attendu 98. sous le nom de 99. êtes-vous? 100. près d’ici 101. elle n'est pas 102. un problème 103. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 104. l'acheter 105. y a-t-il? 106. quelque chose 107. le temps (de…) 108. changer de 109. loin d'ici 110. un souvenir 111. n'as-tu pas / n'avez-vous pas 112. faire / fait 113. il n'a pas 114. je ne vais pas 115. avec moi

116. j'ai mangé 117. trop de monde / trop de personnes 118. un médicament 119. possible pour moi de… 120. est-elle? 121. essayer de… 122. je sais parler français 123. le changer 124. j'ai attrapé 125. quelque chose de bon 126. pouvez-vous 127. je ne peux pas 128. malade 129. il n'y a pas de… 130. elle a 131. ma mère 132. choisir / choisi 133. je n'ai pas 134. Pierre a-t-il 135. faire / fait 136. voir 137. je ne sais pas 138. lentement

139. je ne l'ai pas essayé 140. trop de bruit 141. n'ont-ils pas 142. un/une autre 143. Pierre n'a-t-il pas 144. je l'ai essayé 145. madame (Mme.) 146. nous n'avons pas 147. parler 148. n'avons-nous pas 149. il est 150. elle n'a pas 151. me montrer 152. je ne vous comprends pas 153. ils ont 154. pressé 155. m'aider 156. n'a-t-elle pas 157. comprendre / compris 158. choses à… 159. cher 160. j'ai commandé 161. allez-vous?

162. pardon 163. nous avons 164. est-il? 165. si c'est possible 166. la même chose 167. je ne suis pas 168. prendre / pris 169. dans la chambre 170. si vous voulez 171. il a 172. pour vous 173. pas de problème 174. je suis perdu 175. était 176. un rhume 177. a-t-il

LESSON 53 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? (to) try (to) try to I have tried to… I’ve tried it I haven’t tried it to see him to see her I saw him I saw her If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson:

je ne pouvais pas It means “I couldn’t” You pronounce it “jsheun poovay pah” It’s an infinitive carrier, meaning you can put any infinitive on the end

How would you say this in French?

I couldn’t do it.

I couldn’t do it. Je ne pouvais pas le faire.

How would you say this in French?

I couldn’t find him.

I couldn’t find him. Je ne pouvais pas le trouver.

How would you say this in French?

I couldn’t see Marie.

I couldn’t see Marie. Je ne pouvais pas trouver Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I couldn’t buy it because it was too expensive.

I couldn’t buy it because it was too expensive. Je ne pouvais pas l’acheter parce que c’était trop cher.

This next phrase is another infinitive carrier:

je voulais It means “I wanted” Again, this is another ‘infinitive carrier’ You pronounce it “jsheugh voolay”

So, how would you say this in French?

I wanted to go.

I wanted to go. Je voulais aller.

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to try to find Pierre.

I wanted to try to find Pierre. Je voulais essayer de trouver Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to go to the beach but I couldn’t find it.

I wanted to go to the beach but I couldn’t find it. Je voulais aller à la plage mais je ne pouvais pas la trouver. IMPORTANT NOTE If you’re talking about a feminine object (i.e. la plage), then you have to use “la” when you’re using “it” to talk about it

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to hire a car but it was too expensive.

I wanted to hire a car but it was too expensive. Je voulais louer une voiture mais c’était trop cher.

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to buy something for my mum but I couldn’t find the souvenir shop.

I wanted to buy something for my mum but I couldn’t find the souvenir shop. Je voulais acheter quelque chose pour ma mère mais je ne pouvais pas trouver le magasin de souvenirs.

We had “c’était”, which means “it was”. This phrase is similar:

j'étais It means “I was” You pronounce it “shjettay”

How would you say this in French?

I was very busy.

I was very busy. J’étais très occupé.

How would you say this in French?

I was here yesterday.

I was here yesterday. J’étais ici hier.

How would you ask this in French?

I was at the beach.

I was at the beach. J’étais à la plage.

How would you say this?

I couldn’t go to the beach because I was too tired.

I couldn’t go to the beach because I was too tired. Je ne pouvais pas aller à la plage parce que j’étais trop fatigué.

MAKING NEGATIVES You may have noticed that whenever we talk in the negative in French, there are always two words nearby: “ne…pas” If you want to make any verb negative, you just put a “ne” in front of it, and a “pas” after it. (the NE becomes N’ if it’s placed before a vowel) je voulais – je ne voulais pas I wanted – I didn’t want j’étais – je n’étais pas I was – I wasn’t

Let’s just add those two phrases to our vocabulary list:

je n’étais pas It means “I wasn’t” You pronounce it “shjeugh nettay pah”

And the second phrase was:

je ne voulais pas It means “I didn’t want” You pronounce it “shjeugh neugh voo-lay pah”

So, how would you say this in French?

I didn’t want to go.

I didn’t want to go. Je ne voulais pas aller.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t here yesterday.

I wasn’t here yesterday. Je n’étais pas ici hier.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t want to eat at the hotel because the food was terrible.

I didn’t want to eat at the hotel because the food was terrible. Je ne voulais pas manger à l’hôtel parce que la nourriture était terrible.

How would you say this? You might need the word for “England”, which is “Angleterre”:

I wasn’t in France yesterday; I was here in England.

I wasn’t in France yesterday; I was here in England. Je n’étais pas en France hier; j’étais ici en Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t want to speak to Marie because I was very busy.

I didn’t want to speak to Marie because I was very busy. Je ne voulais pas parler à Marie parce que j’étais très occupé.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t tired but I was very busy.

I wasn’t tired but I was very busy. Je n’étais pas fatigué mais j’étais très occupé.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t want to take the train but I was in a hurry.

I didn’t want to take the train but I was in a hurry. Je ne voulais pas prendre le train mais j’étais pressé.

Here’s your next word that also happens to end in the letters -ais, just like “j’étais” and “je voulais”:

j'avais It means “I had” You pronounce it “shjavay”

How do you think you would say this in French?

I had it.

I had it. Je l’avais.

How would you say this in French?

I had it with me.

I had it with me. Je l’avais avec moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR je ne pouvais pas – I couldn’t je voulais – I wanted je ne voulais pas – I didn’t want j’étais – I was je n’étais pas – I wasn’t j’avais – I had

How would you say this in French?

I had everything at my house.

I had everything at my house. J’avais tout chez moi.

How would you say this in French?

I had a lot of time.

I had a lot of time. J’avais beaucoup de temps.

How would you say this in French?

I had a lot of time to see my friends and my family.

I had a lot of time to see my friends and my family. J’avais beaucoup de temps de voir mes amis et ma famille.

Remember, to make things negative, you put ‘ne’ in front of the verb and ‘pas’ after it. So, how would you say this?

I didn’t have it.

I didn’t have it. Je ne l’avais pas.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have the time.

I didn’t have the time. Je n’avais pas le temps.

WORD LIST SO FAR je ne pouvais pas – I couldn’t je voulais – I wanted je ne voulais pas – I didn’t want j’étais – I was je n’étais pas – I wasn’t j’avais – I had je n’avais pas – I didn’t have

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have everything with me yesterday.

I didn’t have everything with me yesterday. Je n’avais pas tout avec moi hier.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I was in a hurry and I didn’t have the time to speak with you.

I’m sorry but I was in a hurry and I didn’t have the time to speak with you. Je suis désolé mais j’étais pressé et je n’avais pas le temps de parler avec vous.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have the key for my room.

I didn’t have the key for my room. Je n’avais pas la clé pour ma chambre.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have the hotel’s address.

I didn’t have the hotel’s address. Je n’avais pas l’adresse de l’hôtel.

This next phrase is made up of words we already know:

de l’argent It means “some money” or “any money” You pronounce it “deugh lar-shjon(g)”

Some & Any I know I’ve mentioned how to say “some” or “any” in French before, but I just wanted to recap it quickly; it never hurts. If you want to say “some” in French, as in “I would like some wine” or “can I try some cheese?”, or, if you want to say “any” as in “do you have any cheese?”, it’s really quite simple. All you do is use “de” plus the word for “the”. Remember that ‘de + le = du’ and that ‘de + les = des’. For example: Je voudrais du fromage I would like some cheese Puis-je essayer du vin? May I try some wine? Puis-je essayer de la dinde? May I try some turkey? So, that’s where the phrase “de l’argent” comes from. “L’argent” means “the money”, so “de l’argent” means “some money” or “any money”.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any money?

Do you have any money? Avez-vous de l’argent?

How would you say this in French?

I would like some money.

I would like some money. Je voudrais de l’argent.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want some money?

Do you want some money? Voulez-vous de l’argent?

How would you say this in French? I’ll just let you know that “…doesn’t work” and “…isn’t working” are both the same in French: “…ne marche pas”:

I’m sorry but my card isn’t working, do you have any money?

I’m sorry but my card isn’t working, do you have any money? Je suis désolé mais ma carte ne marche pas, avez-vous de l’argent?

How would you say this in French?

I have some money with me.

I have some money with me. J’ai de l’argent avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

Can I bring some money with me?

Can I bring some money with me? Puis-je apporter de l’argent avec moi? Je peux apporter de l’argent avec moi?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has some money.

Pierre has some money. Pierre a de l’argent.

Remember how we’ve spoken about putting “pas de” in front of phrases to mean “not any”. Well, see if you can guess what this phrase means:

pas d’argent It means “(not) any money” and it’s always used in negative phrases You pronounce it “pah dar-shjon(g)”

The peculiarity of ”any” There’s a tiny peculiarity with the English word “any”. It can have two slightly different meanings. Look at these two sentences:

Do you want any wine? I don’t have any wine On first glance, there’s nothing strange about the sentences, but in reality, the first sentence assumes there is wine available and the second sentence points out that there is no wine available. So, we can say the first sentence is positive and the second sentence is negative. (Really, any sentence that contains the word “not” can be considered negative.) In French, if you want to say “any” in a positive sentence, then you say “du / de la / des” but if you want to say “any” in a negative sentence, you say “pas de”. Let’s translate the above two examples into French: Voulez-vous du vin? Do you want any wine? Je n’ai pas de vin I don’t have any wine Another way to look at this is to understand that you can replace “any” with “some” in a positive sentence, but you can’t in a negative sentence. For example, both of these sentences mean the same thing: Do you want any wine? / Do you want some wine? Whereas only the first of these two sentences is correct: I don’t have any wine / I don’t have some wine So, a general rule of thumb is that if you can say “some” instead of “any” in English, then it’s a positive sentence and you should say “du / de la / des” in French. If you can’t say “some” instead of “any” in English, then it’s a negative sentence and you should say “pas de” in French.

How would you say this in French? It contains “don’t”, so it must be a negative sentence:

I don’t have any money.

I don’t have any money. Je n’ai pas d’argent.

How would you say this in French? You can replace the “any” with “some”, so it must be a positive sentence:

Do you have any money?

Do you have any money? Avez-vous de l’argent?

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have any money with me.

I didn’t have any money with me. Je n’avais pas d’argent avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want any coffee?

Do you want any coffee? Voulez-vous du café?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have any coffee.

I don’t have any coffee. Je n’ai pas de café.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t eaten any chocolate today.

I haven’t eaten any chocolate today. Je n’ai pas mangé de chocolat aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Did Pierre eat any chocolate?

Did Pierre eat any chocolate? Pierre a-t-il mangé du chocolat?

One more peculiarity of “de” There’s one tiny little thing that I must point out. It’s hardly worth mentioning, and I wasn’t going to bother saying anything until later in the course, however, I then thought if I get it out of the way now, you can start to get used to it. There is one more situation in which you would use “de” instead of “des” when you use plural nouns. Normally, when you want to say “some” in the plural, you use “des”: J’ai des carottes I have some carrots Voulez-vous des croissants? Do you want some croissants? Il va acheter des livres He’s going to buy some books Nous avons mangé avec des amis We ate with some friends

In the negative, just as we’ve been practising, you use “de” instead: Je n’ai pas de carottes I don’t have any carrots Il n’y a pas de croissants There are no croissants Il ne va pas acheter de livres He isn’t going to buy any books Now, I did say there is one more situation where you use “de” instead of “des”. If you put an adjective in front of a plural noun, then the word for some is “de” no matter what. Let me take some of the sentences from the last page and put adjectives in front of the nouns, so you can see what I’m jabbering on about: J’ai de petites carottes I have some small carrots Il va acheter de nouveaux livres He’s going to buy some new books Nous avons mangé avec de bons amis We ate with some good friends Now, this only happens when you put the adjective in front of the noun. If the adjective goes after the plural noun, you can still use “des” for “some”. Yes, yes, I can hear you shouting at me. You’re saying, “But wait! You said a long time ago that adjectives come after the noun in French.” And yes, it’s true; usually, adjectives come after the noun in French. However, to emphasise a adjective, you can place the adjective in front of the noun. If the adjective is placed in front of the noun, you use “de” for “some”; if the adjective is placed after the noun, you use “des” for “some”. Il y a des croissants délicieux là There are some delicious croissants there Il y a de délicieux croissants là There are some delicious croissants there

The sentences are almost identical except for where the adjective goes and whether you use “des” or “de”. The second sentence emphasises the word “délicieux” a bit more. Also, if you get this “des” vs. “de” thing wrong, don’t worry; it hardly matters.

How would you say this in French?

Did you see any good films in Paris?

Did you see any good films in Paris? As-tu vu de bons films à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Didn’t you seen any good films in Paris?

Didn’t you seen any good films in Paris? N’as-tu pas vu de bons films à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

There are some good restaurants here.

There are some good restaurants here. Il y a de bons restaurants ici.

How would you say this in French?

I have seen some beautiful things in France.

I have seen some beautiful things in France. J’ai vu de belles choses en France.

How would you say this in French?

Have they eaten any French food?

Have they eaten any French food? Ont-ils mangé de la nourriture française?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t they eaten any French food?

Haven’t they eaten any French food? N’ont-ils pas mangé de nourriture française?

How would you say this in French?

Do we have any money?

Do we have any money? Avons-nous de l’argent?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t we have any money?

Don’t we have any money? N’avons-nous pas d’argent?

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have any money.

I didn’t have any money. Je n’avais pas d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

I couldn’t bring any wine.

I couldn’t bring any wine. Je ne pouvais pas apporter de vin.

WORD LIST SO FAR je ne pouvais pas – I couldn’t je voulais – I wanted je ne voulais pas – I didn’t want j’étais – I was je n’étais pas – I wasn’t j’avais – I had je n’avais pas – I didn’t have de l’argent – some / any money pas d’argent – (not) any money du / de la / des – any (positive sentences) pas de… – (not) any (negative sentences)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I couldn’t find her

2.

I wanted to hire a car, but it was too expensive

3.

I wasn’t here yesterday

4.

I couldn’t speak to Sophie because I was in a hurry

5.

I didn’t have the time to make a reservation

6.

Do you want some money?

7.

I didn’t have any money

8.

I’m sorry but I don’t have any coffee

9.

Are there any good restaurants near here?

10. I wanted to buy some French cheese

1.

Je ne pouvais pas la trouver

2.

Je voulais louer une voiture, mais c’était trop cher

3.

Je n’étais pas ici hier

4.

Je ne pouvais pas parler à Sophie parce que j’étais pressé

5.

Je n’avais pas le temps de faire une réservation

6.

Voulez-vous de l’argent?

7.

Je n’avais pas d’argent

8.

Je suis désolé mais je n’ai pas de café

9.

Y a-t-il de bons restaurants près d’ici?

10. Je voulais acheter du fromage français

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Avez-vous de l’argent parce que nous n’avons pas payé l’addition? 2. Je n’avais pas la clé pour la voiture 3. Je n’étais pas occupé mais j’étais très fatigué 4. Je ne voulais pas aller à Paris 5. Je ne pouvais pas le faire hier 6. Avez-vous du lait? 7. J’avais tout 8. J’étais ici à quatre heures 9. Je ne pouvais pas trouver l’hôtel 10. N’avez-vous pas essayé de nourriture française?

1. Do you have any money because we haven’t paid the bill? 2. I didn’t have the key for the car 3. I wasn’t busy but I was very tired 4. I didn’t want to go to Paris 5. I couldn’t do it yesterday 6. Do you have any milk? 7. I had everything 8. I was here at four o’clock 9. I couldn’t find the hotel 10. Haven’t you tried any French food?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Did you try the cheese?

2.

It’s at half past two

3.

I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please

4.

I would like a return ticket for Perpignan

5.

I’m going to pay later

6.

I would like some white socks

7.

Pierre’s cake is delicious

8.

Go straight on, take the third road on the right and then it’s on the left

9.

Where is the park?

10. The hotel isn’t here; it’s there (he is there)

1.

Avez-vous essayé le fromage?

2.

C’est à deux heures et demie

3.

Je voudrais un thé pour moi et un café pour elle, s’il vous plaît

4.

Je voudrais un aller-retour pour Perpignan

5.

Je vais payer plus tard

6.

Je voudrais des chaussures blanches

7.

Le gâteau de Pierre est délicieux

8.

Allez tout droit, prenez la troisième rue à droite et puis c’est à gauche

9.

Où est le parc?

10. L’hôtel n’est pas ici; il est là

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Pas pour elle 2. C’est combien pour dix jours? 3. Avez-vous des myrtilles? 4. Pour aller au restaurant? 5. Puis-je prendre du pain? 6. Un peu moins pour lui 7. Claude a-t-il apporté quelque chose pour le déjeuner? 8. Avez-vous ҫa en rouge? 9. La nourriture est toujours terrible ici 10. Où sont les toilettes?

1. Not for her 2. How much is it for ten days? 3. Do you have any blueberries? 4. How do I get to the restaurant? 5. May I have some bread? 6. A bit less for him 7. Has Claude brought something for lunch? 8. Do you have that in red? 9. The food is always terrible here 10. Where are the toilets?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. (to) choose / chosen 2. have you 3. hasn't Pierre 4. is there? / are there? 5. too many people 6. I ate / I've eaten 7. (to) show 8. there isn't any… / there aren't any… 9. is he? 10. she hasn't 11. because 12. too many cockroaches 13. he isn't 14. (to) bring / brought 15. I wanted 16. another (the same type) / again 17. (to) make/do it 18. a lot of 19. with me 20. I've broken my… 21. (to) drink

22. are you? 23. any (positive sentences) 24. (to) learn / learned 25. I don't feel 26. tired 27. he is 28. (to) sell / sold 29. she has 30. they have 31. how 32. what 33. (to) buy 34. slowly 35. she isn't 36. I understand 37. (to) make / made 38. the same thing as her 39. (to) see / seen 40. I can 41. fine / well 42. I am 43. the same thing as you 44. my mum

45. I didn't want 46. I'm called 47. if you want 48. I can't 49. I’m doing well 50. possible for me to… 51. Pierre hasn't 52. I have reserved / I have booked 53. I know / I know how 54. another (a different type) 55. it was 56. I don't understand you 57. I haven't / I don't have 58. far from here 59. sorry / excuse me 60. I haven't brought 61. too much noise 62. how are you? 63. something French 64. (not) any (negative sentences) 65. Miss 66. haven't I 67. (to) speak

68. Mrs 69. (to) help me 70. (to) forget / forgotten 71. if it's possible 72. I ordered 73. I saw him 74. we haven't 75. the same thing as Pierre 76. (to) change (exchange) 77. we have 78. I'm sorry 79. something good 80. I saw her 81. I haven't reserved / booked 82. hasn't he 83. I’m not going 84. he has 85. (to) show me 86. a cold 87. was 88. some/any medicine 89. expensive 90. it wasn't

91. in a hurry 92. do you know? 93. near here 94. (to) drink / drunk 95. he hasn't 96. (to) see 97. I've hurt my… 98. for you 99. a postcard 100. (to) bring 101. (to) understand / understood 102. she is 103. now 104. (to) see him 105. I didn't have 106. something + adjective 107. (to) lose / lost 108. some stamps / any stamps 109. (to) help 110. can you 111. I don't know / I don't know how 112. in the room 113. (to) finish / finished

114. interesting 115. has he 116. in the name of 117. I don't understand 118. (to) see her 119. the flu 120. (to) wait / waited 121. haven't we 122. I had 123. I feel 124. I have 125. ill 126. you haven't 127. (not) any money 128. have I 129. haven't you 130. busy 131. I couldn't 132. (to) order 133. have they 134. the same thing 135. there is / there are 136. is she?

137. (to) find 138. has Pierre 139. (to) change it 140. is it…? 141. I have lost… 142. Pierre has 143. have we 144. the time (to…) 145. haven't they 146. I've caught 147. yesterday 148. today 149. I was 150. has she 151. I tried it 152. some / any money 153. they haven't 154. far 155. I’m going 156. I understand you 157. do you want? 158. something 159. I haven't tried it

160. too much… / too many… 161. later 162. you have 163. are you going? 164. I wasn't 165. a problem 166. I have brought 167. (to) try to… 168. the same thing as me 169. (to) take / taken 170. no problem 171. I am lost 172. (to) tell me 173. things to… 174. (to) buy it 175. the same thing as him 176. hasn't she 177. (to) try it 178. I can speak French 179. I'm not 180. (to) try 181. (to) eat 182. something from the region

183. (to) do / done 184. Mr 185. (to) change (modify) 186. a souvenir 187. possible (to...) 188. wasn't

1. choisir / choisi 2. avez-vous / as-tu 3. Pierre n'a-t-il pas 4. y a-t-il? 5. trop de monde / trop de personnes 6. j'ai mangé 7. montrer 8. il n'y a pas de… 9. est-il? 10. elle n'a pas 11. parce que 12. trop de cafards 13. il n'est pas 14. apporter / apporté 15. je voulais 16. encore 17. le faire 18. beaucoup de 19. avec moi 20. je me suis cassé… 21. boire 22. êtes-vous? 23. du / de la / des

24. apprendre / appris 25. je ne me sens pas 26. fatigué 27. il est 28. vendre / vendu 29. elle a 30. ils ont 31. comment 32. que 33. acheter 34. lentement 35. elle n'est pas 36. je comprends 37. faire / fait 38. la même chose qu'elle 39. voir / vu 40. je peux 41. bien 42. je suis 43. la même chose que vous 44. ma mère 45. je ne voulais pas 46. je m'appelle

47. si vous voulez 48. je ne peux pas 49. je vais bien 50. possible pour moi de… 51. Pierre n'a pas 52. j'ai réservé 53. je sais 54. un/une autre 55. c'était 56. je ne vous comprends pas 57. je n'ai pas 58. loin d'ici 59. pardon 60. je n'ai pas apporté 61. trop de bruit 62. comment allez-vous? 63. quelque chose de français 64. pas de 65. mademoiselle (Mlle) 66. n'ai je pas 67. parler 68. madame (Mme.) 69. m'aider

70. oublier / oublié 71. si c'est possible 72. j'ai commandé 73. je l'ai vu 74. nous n'avons pas 75. la même chose que Pierre 76. changer de 77. nous avons 78. je suis désolé 79. quelque chose de bon 80. je l'ai vue 81. je n'ai pas réservé 82. n'a-t-il pas 83. je ne vais pas 84. il a 85. me montrer 86. un rhume 87. était 88. un médicament 89. cher 90. ce n'était pas 91. pressé 92. savez-vous?

93. près d’ici 94. boire / bu 95. il n'a pas 96. voir 97. j'ai mal à… 98. pour vous 99. une carte postale 100. apporter 101. comprendre / compris 102. elle est 103. maintenant 104. le voir 105. je n'avais pas 106. quelque chose de + adjective 107. perdre / perdu 108. des timbres 109. aider 110. pouvez-vous 111. je ne sais pas 112. dans la chambre 113. finir / fini 114. intéressant 115. a-t-il

116. sous le nom de 117. je ne comprends pas 118. la voir 119. la grippe 120. attendre / attendu 121. n'avons-nous pas 122. j'avais 123. je me sens 124. j'ai 125. malade 126. tu n'as pas / vous n'avez pas 127. pas d'argent 128. ai-je 129. n'as-tu pas / n'avez-vous pas 130. occupé 131. je ne pouvais pas 132. commander 133. ont-ils 134. la même chose 135. il y a 136. est-elle? 137. trouver 138. Pierre a-t-il

139. le changer 140. est-ce que c'est…? 141. j'ai perdu… 142. Pierre a 143. avons-nous 144. le temps (de…) 145. n'ont-ils pas 146. j'ai attrapé 147. hier 148. aujourd'hui 149. j'étais 150. a-t-elle 151. je l'ai essayé 152. de l'argent 153. ils n'ont pas 154. loin 155. je vais 156. je vous comprends 157. voulez-vous? 158. quelque chose 159. je ne l'ai pas essayé 160. trop de… 161. plus tard

162. vous avez / tu as 163. allez-vous? 164. je n'étais pas 165. un problème 166. j'ai apporté 167. essayer de… 168. la même chose que moi 169. prendre / pris 170. pas de problème 171. je suis perdu 172. me dire 173. choses à… 174. l'acheter 175. la même chose que lui 176. n'a-t-elle pas 177. l'essayer 178. je sais parler français 179. je ne suis pas 180. essayer 181. manger 182. quelque chose de la région 183. faire / fait 184. monsieur (M.)

185. changer 186. un souvenir 187. possible (de…) 188. n'était pas

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons fifty-one to fifty-three of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons fifty-four to fifty-six, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 54 – 56 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 51-53”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 54 LESSON 55 LESSON 56 Merci

LESSON 54 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I couldn’t I wanted I didn’t want I was I wasn’t I had I didn’t have some / any money (not) any money If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first French phrase for this lesson:

venez-vous It can mean either “are you coming” or “do you come” You pronounce it “veugh-nay voo”

How would you ask this in French?

When are you coming?

When are you coming? Quand venez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you coming?

What time are you coming? À quelle heure venez-vous?

Now that we’re aware of the two ways to say “you” in French (formal/plural and informal), I’ll tell you that “venez-vous” is the formal/plural version. The informal version is this:

viens-tu It can mean either “are you coming” or “do you come” You pronounce it “vee-an(g) too”

So, using the informal way of saying “you”, how would you ask this in French?

When are you coming?

When are you coming? Quand viens-tu?

Again, using the informal version, how would you say this in French?

What time are you coming?

What time are you coming? À quelle heure viens-tu?

What would be the two ways to say this in French?

Are you coming to the beach?

Are you coming to the beach? Viens-tu à la plage? / Venez-vous à la plage?

How would you say this in French?

Are you coming tomorrow?

Are you coming tomorrow? Viens-tu demain? / Venez-vous demain?

How would you say this in French?

Are you coming with me to the supermarket?

Are you coming with me to the supermarket? Viens-tu avec moi au supermarché? / Venez-vous avec moi au supermarché?

How would you say this in French?

Are you coming to Marie’s house later?

Are you coming to Marie’s house later? Viens-tu chez Marie plus tard? / Venez-vous chez Marie plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Are you coming here?

Are you coming here? Viens-tu ici? / Venez-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are you coming to Paris today or tomorrow?

Are you coming to Paris today or tomorrow? Viens-tu à Paris aujourd’hui ou demain? / Venez-vous à Paris aujourd’hui ou demain?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you come to France?

Why do you come to France? Pourquoi viens-tu en France? / Pourquoi venez-vous en France?

Where do you come from? The word “from” is a type of word called a “preposition”. In French, you should never end a sentence with a preposition. So, if you want to ask somebody “Where do you come from?”, we have to rearrange it a little first. You would put the preposition at the very start of the question and ask “From where do you come?” instead.

D’où viens-tu? Where do you come from? (informal)

D’où venez-vous? Where do you come from? (formal/plural) The French word for “from” is “de” and the word for “where” is “où”. When these two words come together to form “from where”, you get “d’où”. So, "d’où viens-tu?" and “d’où venez-vous?” mean "where do you come from?”

Just to reiterate:

d'où It means “from where” You pronounce it “doo”

How would you say this in French?

Where do you come from?

Where do you come from? D’où viens-tu? / D’où venez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, where do you come from?

Excuse me, where do you come from? Excuse-moi, d’où viens-tu?/ Excusez-moi, d’où venez-vous?

Here’s your next phrase in French, and it leads on nicely from “D’où venezvous?”:

je viens de It means “I come from” You pronounce it “shjeugh vee-an(g) deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I come from France.

I come from France. Je viens de France.

How would you say this in French?

I come from England.

I come from England. Je viens d’Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

I come from here.

I come from here. Je viens d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

Do you come from here?

Do you come from here? Viens-tu d’ici? / Venez-vous d’ici?

How would you say this in French?

I come from Paris.

I come from Paris. Je viens de Paris.

See if you can work out how to say this in French:

I don’t come from Marseille; I come from Aix-en-Provence.

I don’t come from Marseille; I come from Aix-en-Provence. Je ne viens pas de Marseille; je viens d’Aix-en-Provence. *Did you remember how to make something negative in French? You simply put a “ne” in front of the verb and a “pas” after it. So, “je ne viens pas” means “I don’t come”.

So, just to reiterate, and also because it can mean two things in English, here’s the negative of “je viens”:

je ne viens pas It can mean either “I don’t come” or “I’m not coming” You pronounce it “shjeugh neugh vee-an(g) pah”

Similarly, the phrase “je viens” can mean two things in English, too:

je viens It can mean either “I come” or “I’m coming” You pronounce it “shjeugh vee-an(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I don’t come from here.

I don’t come from here. Je ne viens pas d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t come from England.

I don’t come from England. Je ne viens pas d’Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not coming tomorrow.

I’m not coming tomorrow. Je ne viens pas demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not coming today; I’m coming tomorrow.

I’m not coming today; I’m coming tomorrow. Je ne viens pas aujourd’hui; je viens demain.

Countries At the end of this book, I’ve included a Vocabulary Expansion Section full of the French names for different countries. I’ve tried to think of as many countries as I possibly could. If you find anything missing, let me know and I’ll add it in. As always, there are a lot of words in the Vocabulary Expansion Section, and you shouldn’t aim to learn them all. You should definitely learn your own country, but you could also try learning the names of countries you tend to go to on holiday.

Talking about going on holiday, here’s your next phrase in French:

de l’étranger It means “from abroad” You pronounce it “deugh leh-tron-shjay”

How would you say this in French?

I come from abroad.

I come from abroad. Je viens de l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

Do you come from abroad?

Do you come from abroad? Viens-tu de l’étranger? / Venez-vous de l’étranger?

Remembering that you make things negative by putting a “ne” and a “pas” around it, here are two more negative phrases:

ne viens-tu pas? / ne venez-vous pas? They both mean either “don’t you come” or “aren’t you coming” You pronounce them “neugh vee-an(g) too pah” and “neugh veugh-nay voo pah”

What would be the two ways to say this in French?

Aren’t you coming to the beach?

Aren’t you coming to the beach? Ne viens-tu pas à la plage? / Ne venez-vous pas à la plage?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you coming tomorrow?

Aren’t you coming tomorrow? Ne viens-tu pas demain? / Ne venez-vous pas demain?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you coming with me to the supermarket?

Aren’t you coming with me to the supermarket? Ne viens-tu pas avec moi au supermarché? / Ne venez-vous pas avec moi au supermarché?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you coming to Marie’s house later?

Aren’t you coming to Marie’s house later? Ne viens-tu pas chez Marie plus tard? / Ne venez-vous pas chez Marie plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you coming here?

Aren’t you coming here? Ne viens-tu pas ici? / Ne venez-vous pas ici?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you come from Paris?

Don’t you come from Paris? Ne viens-tu pas de Paris? / Ne venez-vous pas de Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you come to France?

Why don’t you come to France? Pourquoi ne viens-tu pas en France? / Pourquoi ne venez-vous pas en France?

How would you say this in French?

It’s not from here; it’s from abroad.

It’s not from here; it’s from abroad. Ce n’est pas d’ici; c’est de l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

Is it from abroad?

Is it from abroad? Est-ce que c’est de l’étranger?

How would you say this in French?

That isn’t from abroad; it’s French.

That isn’t from abroad; it’s French. Ҫa ce n’est pas de l’étranger; c’est franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is from abroad.

Pierre is from abroad. Pierre est de l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

Marie isn’t from Paris; she’s from abroad.

Marie isn’t from Paris; she’s from abroad. Marie n’est pas de Paris; elle est de l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not from Marseille; I come from abroad.

I’m not from Marseille; I come from abroad. Je ne suis pas de Marseille; je viens de l’étranger.

If you just change the first word in the phrase “de l’étranger”, we can get another phrase:

à l’étranger It simply means “abroad” (or literally, it means “to abroad” or “at abroad”) You pronounce it “ah leh-tron-shjay”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going abroad.

I’m going abroad. Je vais à l’étranger. You might notice that literally, this sentence means “I’m going to abroad” in French

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is abroad.

Pierre is abroad. Pierre est à l’étranger. This sentence literally means "Pierre is at abroad”

How would you say this in French?

I am abroad.

I am abroad. Je suis à l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

I like to go abroad.

I like to go abroad. J’aime aller à l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you come abroad with me?

Why don’t you come abroad with me? Pourquoi ne viens-tu pas à l’étranger avec moi? / Pourquoi ne venez-vous pas à l’étranger avec moi?

How would you say this in French?

Are you abroad or are you in England?

Are you abroad or are you in England? Êtes-vous à l’étranger ou êtes-vous en Angleterre? / Es-tu à l’étranger ou es-tu en Angleterre?

WORD LIST SO FAR viens-tu – are you coming / do you come (informal) venez-vous – are you coming / do you come (formal) d’où – from where d’où viens-tu? – where do you come from? (informal) d’où venez-vous? – where do you come from? (formal) je viens de – I come from je viens – I come / I’m coming je ne viens pas – I don’t come / I’m not coming ne viens-tu pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (informal) ne venez-vous pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (formal) de l’étranger – from abroad à l’étranger – abroad

How would you say this in French?

When are you going abroad?

When are you going abroad? Quand allez-vous à l’étranger? / Quand vas-tu à l’étranger?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going abroad tomorrow.

I’m going abroad tomorrow. Je vais à l’étranger demain.

How would you say this in French?

I ate too much when I was abroad.

I ate too much when I was abroad. J’ai mangé trop quand j’étais à l’étranger. *When you’re using the past tense, you can also put the word “trop” in between the auxiliary verb and the past participle. So, you could also say “j’ai trop mangé”

Just be careful and remember that “de l’étranger” means “from abroad” whereas “à l’étranger” just means “abroad”. So, how would you say this in French?

I bought that from abroad.

I bought that from abroad. J’ai acheté ҫa de l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

I lost my passport when I was abroad.

I lost my passport when I was abroad. J’ai perdu mon passeport quand j’étais à l’étranger.

Here’s your next French phrase for this lesson:

je parle It means “I speak” or “I’m speaking” You pronounce it “shjeugh parl”

How would you say this in French?

I speak French.

I speak French. Je parle franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

I speak English.

I speak English. Je parle anglais.

How would you say this in French?

I’m speaking French.

I’m speaking French. Je parle franҫais.

How do you think you would say this in French?

I don’t speak Portuguese.

I don’t speak Portuguese. Je ne parle pas portugais.

Languages As well as the Vocabulary Expansion Section for countries, I’ve also included one full of the French words for different languages. You can put any of the languages on the end of “je parle”, or you can also use them as adjectives to describe things such as French wine, Spanish ham, English tea etc. You already know the word for “French”, which is “franҫais”, so start by trying to learn the words for any other languages you speak.

How would you say this in French?

I speak French and English.

I speak French and English. Je parle franҫais et anglais.

How would you say this in French?

I’m speaking with my friend, Sophie.

I’m speaking with my friend, Sophie. Je parle avec mon amie, Sophie. / Je parle avec ma copine, Sophie.

How would you say this in French?

I speak French but I don’t speak Italian.

I speak French but I don’t speak Italian. Je parle franҫais mais je ne parle pas italien.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not speaking to Henri.

I’m not speaking to Henri. Je ne parle pas à Henri.

We can change the subject of “je parle”, and then make it into a question:

parlez-vous It means “do you speak” or “are you speaking” You pronounce it “par-lay voo”

How would you ask this in French?

Do you speak French?

Do you speak French? Parlez-vous franҫais?

The informal version of “parlez-vous” is this:

parles-tu It means “do you speak” or “are you speaking” You pronounce it “parl too”

How would you ask this in French if you’re being informal?

Do you speak French?

Do you speak French? Parles-tu franҫais?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, do you speak English?

Excuse me, do you speak English? Excuse-moi, parles-tu anglais? / Excusez-moi, parlez-vous anglais?

Remember, to turn something negative, put a “ne” in front and a “pas” after. So, how would you say this in French?

Don’t you speak German?

Don’t you speak German? Ne parles-tu pas allemand?/ Ne parlez-vous pas allemand?

How would you say this in French?

Are you speaking to Pierre?

Are you speaking to Pierre? Parles-tu à Pierre? / Parlez-vous à Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Are you speaking English?

Are you speaking English? Parles-tu anglais? / Parlez-vous anglais?

WORD LIST SO FAR viens-tu – are you coming / do you come (informal) venez-vous – are you coming / do you come (formal) d’où – from where d’où viens-tu? – where do you come from? (informal) d’où venez-vous? – where do you come from? (formal) je viens de – I come from je viens – I come / I’m coming je ne viens pas – I don’t come / I’m not coming ne viens-tu pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (informal) ne venez-vous pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (formal) de l’étranger – from abroad à l’étranger – abroad je parle – I speak / I’m speaking parles-tu – do you speak / are you speaking (informal) parlez-vous – do you speak / are you speaking (formal)

You might be able to work out what this next word means as it looks slightly familiar:

les vacances It means “the holidays” as in “the vacation” You pronounce it “lay vah-konss”

How would you say this in French?

I like (the) holidays.

I like holidays. J’aime les vacances.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like (the) holidays abroad.

I don’t like holidays abroad. Je n’aime pas les vacances à l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

I like (the) holidays here but I prefer (the) holidays abroad.

I like holidays here but I prefer holidays abroad. J’aime les vacances ici mais je préfère les vacances à l’étranger.

This next word is a verb, and it goes well with “les vacances”:

passer It means “(to) spend” as in to spend time, not money You pronounce it “pah-say”

How would you say this in French?

I want to spend the holidays here.

I want to spend the holidays here. Je veux passer les vacances ici.

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to spend the holidays?

Where are you going to spend the holidays? Où vas-tu passer les vacances? / Où allez-vous passer les vacances?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to spend the holidays at the beach.

I’m going to spend the holidays at the beach. Je vais passer les vacances à la plage.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to spend the holidays abroad with my family.

I would like to spend the holidays abroad with my family. Je voudrais passer les vacances à l’étranger avec ma famille.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to spend three weeks abroad.

I’m going to spend three weeks abroad. Je vais passer trois semaines à l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

Can I spend a week here?

Can I spend a week here? Puis-je passer une semaine ici? / Je peux passer une semaine ici?

Using the rules for forming the past tense, see if you can work out how to say this in French:

I spent two days here with Charles.

I spent two days here with Charles. J’ai passé deux jours ici avec Charles.

See if you can work out how to say this in French:

We spent two weeks here.

We spent two weeks here. Nous avons passé deux semaines ici.

See if you can work out how to say this in French:

Where did you spend the holidays?

Where did you spend the holidays? Où as-tu passé les vacances? / Où avez-vous passé les vacances?

How would you say this in French?

How much is it to spend three nights at this hotel?

How much is it to spend three nights at this hotel? C’est combien de passer trois nuits à cet hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to spend some time here?

Is it possible for me to spend some time here? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de passer du temps ici?

WORD LIST SO FAR viens-tu – are you coming / do you come (informal) venez-vous – are you coming / do you come (formal) d’où – from where d’où viens-tu? – where do you come from? (informal) d’où venez-vous? – where do you come from? (formal) je viens de – I come from je viens – I come / I’m coming je ne viens pas – I don’t come / I’m not coming ne viens-tu pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (informal) ne venez-vous pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (formal) de l’étranger – from abroad à l’étranger – abroad je parle – I speak / I’m speaking parles-tu – do you speak / are you speaking (informal) parlez-vous – do you speak / are you speaking (formal) les vacances – the holidays passer – (to) spend (time)

You can probably guess what this next phrase means:

en France It can mean either “in France” or “to France” You pronounce it “on(g) frons”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to France.

I’m going to France. Je vais en France.

How would you say this in French?

I’m in France.

I’m in France. Je suis en France.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to spend a week in France.

I’m going to spend a week in France. Je vais passer une semaine en France.

How would you say this in French?

I want to spend a week in France.

I want to spend a week in France. Je veux passer une semaine en France.

How would you say this in French?

Are you in France?

Are you in France? Es-tu en France? / Êtes-vous en France?

How would you say this in French?

There are a lot of beautiful cities in France.

There are a lot of beautiful cities in France. Il y a beaucoup de belles villes en France.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very beautiful in France.

It's very beautiful in France. C’est très beau en France.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to take the train to France.

I’m going to take the train to France. Je vais prendre le train en France.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to France?

Are you going to France? Vas-tu en France? / Allez-vous en France?

How would you say this in French?

How much time did you spend in France?

How much time did you spend in France? Combien de temps as-tu passé en France? / Combien de temps avez-vous passé en France?

How would you say this in French?

Where in France did they spend they spend the holidays?

Where in France did they spend the holidays? Où en France ont-ils passé les vacances?

And here’s another phrase whose meaning you might be able to work out:

à Paris It can mean either “in Paris” or “to Paris” You pronounce it “ah pah-REE”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to Paris.

I’m going to Paris. Je vais à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I’m in Paris.

I’m in Paris. Je suis à Paris.

EN vs. À In French, the words "en” and “à” can both mean “to” and they can both mean “in”. But when do you use which? Well, it’s quite simple. A rule of thumb is that you use “en” when you’re talking about a country, and you use “à” if you’re talking about a town, a city or anything else.

Je vais en France I’m going to France (a country) Je vais à Paris I’m going to Paris (a city) Je vais à la piscine I’m going to the pool

So, here are the two meanings of the word “à”:

à It can mean either “in” or “to” when you’re referring to a town or a city You pronounce it “ah”

And here are the two meanings of the word “en”:

en It can mean either “in” or “to” when you’re referring to a country You pronounce it “on(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to spend a week in Paris.

I’m going to spend a week in Paris. Je vais passer une semaine à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I want to spend a week in Paris.

I want to spend a week in Paris. Je veux passer une semaine à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Are you in Paris or in Spain?

Are you in Paris or in Spain? Es-tu à Paris ou en Espagne? / Êtes-vous à Paris ou en Espagne?

How would you say this in French?

There are a lot of beautiful parks in Paris.

There are a lot of beautiful parks in Paris. Il y a beaucoup de beaux parcs à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very beautiful in Paris.

It's very beautiful in Paris. C’est très beau à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to take the train to Paris.

I’m going to take the train to Paris. Je vais prendre le train à Paris.

WORD LIST SO FAR viens-tu – are you coming / do you come (informal) venez-vous – are you coming / do you come (formal) d’où – from where d’où viens-tu? – where do you come from? (informal) d’où venez-vous? – where do you come from? (formal) je viens de – I come from je viens – I come / I’m coming je ne viens pas – I don’t come / I’m not coming ne viens-tu pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (informal) ne venez-vous pas – aren’t you coming / don’t you come (formal) de l’étranger – from abroad à l’étranger – abroad je parle – I speak / I’m speaking parles-tu – do you speak / are you speaking (informal) parlez-vous – do you speak / are you speaking (formal) les vacances – the holidays passer – (to) spend (time) en France – in France / to France à Paris – in Paris / to Paris à – in / to (when referring to a town or city) en – in / to (when referring to a country)

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to Paris?

Are you going to Paris? Vas-tu à Paris? / Allez-vous à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Paris is in France.

Paris is in France. Paris est en France.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Where do you come from? Do you come from Italy? What time are you coming to my house tomorrow? There are lots of people in Paris today I would like to spend the holidays in Spain Do you speak German or English? We're going to speak lots of French in France I don't speak to Marie because I don't like her I'm going abroad with my friends Are you going to spend the holidays here or abroad?

1. 2. 3.

D’où viens-tu? / D’où venez-vous? Viens-tu d’Italie? / Venez-vous d’Italie? À quelle heure viens-tu chez moi demain? / À quelle heure venez-vous chez moi demain? 4. Il y a beaucoup de personnes à Paris aujourd’hui 5. Je voudrais passer les vacances en Espagne 6. Parles-tu allemand ou anglais? / Parlez-vous allemand ou anglais? 7. Nous allons parler beaucoup de français en France 8. Je ne parle pas à Marie parce que je ne l’aime pas 9. Je vais à l’étranger avec mes amis 10. Vas-tu passer les vacances ici ou à l’étranger? / Allez-vous passer les vacances ici ou à l’étranger?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je vais en France demain et je veux voir la Tour Eiffel à Paris 2. J’ai passé les vacances en Angleterre mais je voulais aller en France 3. Je parle un peu de français 4. Je comprends l’allemand très bien 5. Je vais en Italie mais je ne parle pas italien 6. Je ne viens pas de France mais je parle français très bien 7. Je parle anglais mais je viens d’Allemagne 8. Bonjour, je m’appelle Tom et je viens de Londres en Angleterre 9. Je vais à l’étranger demain 10. Combien de temps vas-tu passer à l’étranger ?

1. I'm going to France tomorrow and I want to see the Eiffel Tower in Paris 2. I spent the holidays in England but I wanted to go to France 3. I speak a bit of French 4. I understand German very well 5. I'm going to Italy but I don't speak Italian 6. I don't come from France but I speak French very well 7. I speak English but I come from Germany 8. Hello, my name is Tom and I come from London in England 9. I'm going abroad tomorrow 10. How long are you going to spend abroad?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It's at half past two Take the third road on the right and then the second road on the left Where is the theatre? Do you want to have lunch now? How are you going to pay? What time can I go to the beach? It's two hundred euros per week I made a reservation for tomorrow for four people Do you want to try it now? That is for him

1. 2. 3. 4.

C’est à deux heures et demie Prenez la troisième rue à droite et puis la deuxième rue à gauche Où est le théâtre? Veux-tu prendre le déjeuner maintenant? / Voulez-vous prendre le déjeuner maintenant? 5. Comment vas-tu payer? / Comment allez-vous payer? 6. À quelle heure puis-je aller à la plage? 7. C’est deux cent euros par semaine 8. J’ai fait une réservation pour demain pour quatre personnes 9. Voulez-vous l’essayer maintenant? / Veux-tu l’essayer maintenant? 10. Ҫa c’est pour lui

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je suis pressé 2. Ce n’est pas très bon 3. Avez-vous un plan de Paris? 4. Puis-je commander maintenant? 5. Ҫa c’est délicieux mais ce n’est pas très bon pour moi 6. Je ne vais pas au restaurant 7. Je vais à Cannes à cinq heures et quart 8. Vas-tu à Paris plus tard? 9. A-t-elle perdu la clé pour la chambre? 10. N’avez-vous pas appris ҫa?

1. I'm in a hurry 2. It isn't very good 3. Do you have a map of Paris? 4. Can I order now? 5. That is delicious but it isn't very good for me 6. I'm not going to the restaurant 7. I'm going to Cannes at quarter past five 8. Are you going to Paris later? 9. Has she lost the key for the room? 10. Haven't you learnt that?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I come / I'm coming 2. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 3. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 4. (to) spend (time) 5. where do you come from? (formal) 6. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 7. in / to (referring to country) 8. in Paris / to Paris 9. are you coming / do you come (informal) 10. in / to (referring to town or city) 11. I come from 12. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 13. the holidays 14. I don't come / I'm not coming 15. I speak / I'm speaking 16. in France / to France 17. where do you come from? (informal) 18. abroad 19. from abroad 20. from where 21. are you coming / do you come (formal)

1. je viens 2. ne venez-vous pas 3. parles-tu 4. passer 5. d'où venez-vous? 6. ne viens-tu pas 7. en 8. à Paris 9. viens-tu 10. à 11. je viens de 12. parlez-vous 13. les vacances 14. je ne viens de 15. je parle 16. en France 17. d'où viens-tu? 18. à l'étranger 19. de l'étranger 20. d'où 21. venez-vous

LESSON 55 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? do you come / are you coming don’t you come / aren’t you coming where do you come from? I come from I come / I’m coming I don’t come / I’m not coming from abroad abroad I speak / I’m speaking do you speak / are you speaking the holidays to spend (time) in France / to France in Paris / to Paris If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

We’ve had this phrase before, but let’s just have a reminder before we look at it in more depth:

j'aime It means “I like” You pronounce it “shjem”

How would you say this in French?

I like the chicken here.

I like the chicken here. J’aime le poulet ici.

How would you say this in French?

I like the cheese in France.

I like the cheese in France. J’aime le fromage en France.

How would you say this in French?

I like it.

I like it. Je l’aime.

How would you say this in French?

I like it here.

I like it here. Je l’aime ici.

How would you say this in French?

I like everybody here.

I like everybody here. J’aime tout le monde ici.

Let’s make “j’aime” negative. You could probably do it yourself, but here it is anyway:

je n’aime pas It means “I don’t like” You pronounce it “jshay ess-say-ay deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like the food here.

I don’t like the food here. Je n’aime pas la nourriture ici.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like it here; everything is absolutely terrible.

I don’t like it here; everything is absolutely terrible. Je ne l’aime pas ici; tout est abolument terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I don’t like Pierre; he isn’t very nice.

I’m sorry but I don’t like Pierre; he isn’t very nice. Je suis désolé mais je n’aime pas Pierre; il n’est pas très sympa.

When you’re talking about liking and not liking things in general, in French, you should put the word “the” in front of the noun. So, how would you say this in French?

I don’t like red wine but I like white wine.

I don’t like red wine but I like white wine. Je n’aime pas le vin rouge mais j’aime le vin blanc.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like this restaurant.

I don’t like this restaurant. Je n’aime pas ce restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to spend a week in France, but I don’t like cheese!

I’m going to spend a week in France, but I don’t like cheese! Je vais passer une semaine en France, mais je n’aime pas le fromage.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like it here because there is too much noise.

I don’t like it here because there is too much noise. Je ne l’aime pas ici parce qu’il y a trop de bruit.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like the room; there are lots of cockroaches.

I don’t like the room; there are lots of cockroaches. Je n’aime pas la chambre; il y a beaucoup de cafards.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'aime – I like je n’aime pas – I don’t like

We can change the subject of “j’aime”, and we get:

aimez-vous It means “do you like” You pronounce it “eh-may voo”

How would you say this in French?

Do you like the hotel?

Do you like the hotel? Aimez-vous l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

Do you like the wine?

Do you like the wine? Aimez-vous le vin?

The phrase “aimez-vous” uses the formal way of saying “you”. Here’s the same phrase using the informal “you”:

aimes-tu It means “do you like” You pronounce it “em too”

How would you say this in French using the informal “you”?

Do you like the hotel?

Do you like the hotel? Aimes-tu l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French using the informal “you”?

Do you like the wine?

Do you like the wine? Aimes-tu le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Do you like London?

Do you like London? Aimes-tu Londres? / Aimez-vous Londres?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'aime – I like je n’aime pas – I don’t like aimez-vous – do you like? (formal / plural) aimes-tu – do you like? (informal)

Like doing The good thing about any phrase in French that contains the word “like” is that you can put a verb on the end of it. In English, if you want to use a verb after “like”, you have to put “ing” on the end of the verb, for example, “I like speaking” or “do you like dancing?”. In French, you can just use the whole verb: j'aime parler franҫais I like speaking French (literally: I like to speak French) aimes-tu faire ҫa? do you like doing that? (literally: do you like to do that?) So, there’s no way to say “ing” in French; you just use the whole verb instead. And, when I say “whole verb”, I mean “infinitive” or the verb that ends in -er, -ir, or -re.

How would you say this in French?

I like speaking French.

I like speaking French. J’aime parler franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

Do you like eating French food?

Do you like eating French food? Aimes-tu manger la nourriture franҫaise? / Aimez-vous manger la nourriture franҫaise?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you like doing that?

Why do you like doing that? Pourquoi aimes-tu faire ҫa? / Pourquoi aimez-vous faire ҫa? *Don’t forget that another way of saying “that” in French is “cela”

The negative versions of “do you like” are easy to form; you just put “ne” in front of the phrase and “pas” after it:

n'aimes-tu pas / n'aimez-vous pas They both mean “don’t you like” (the singular and the plural/formal) You pronounce them “nem too pah” and “neh-may voo pah”

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you like that?

Don’t you like that? N’aimes-tu pas ҫa? / N’aimez-vous pas ҫa?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you like Pierre?

Why don’t you like Pierre? Pourquoi n’aimes-tu pas Pierre? / Pourquoi n’aimez-vous pas Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you like the wine?

Don’t you like the wine? N’aimes-tu pas le vin? / N’aimez-vous pas le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Which one don’t you like?

Which one don’t you like? Quel n’aimes-tu pas? / Quel n’aimez-vous pas?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'aime – I like je n’aime pas – I don’t like aimez-vous – do you like? (formal / plural) aimes-tu – do you like? (informal) n’aimez-vous pas – don’t you like? (formal / plural) n’aimes-tu pas – don’t you like? (informal)

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you like my car?

Don’t you like my car? N’aimes-tu pas ma voiture? / N’aimez-vous pas ma voiture?

We can add a little bit to the phrase “do you like” in French and get:

l'aimez-vous It means “do you like it” You pronounce it “leh-may voo”

The informal version of this would be:

l'aimes-tu It means “do you like it” You pronounce it “lem too”

How would you say this in French?

Do you like it in Paris?

Do you like it in Paris? L’aimes-tu à Paris? / L’aimez-vous à Paris? How would you say this in French?

Do you like it here?

Do you like it here? L’aimes-tu ici? / L’aimez-vous ici?

The negative versions of the last two phrases we learnt would be:

ne l’aimes-tu pas / ne l'aimez-vous pas It means “don’t you like it” You pronounce them “neugh lem too pah” and “neugh lem-may voo pah”

WORD LIST SO FAR j'aime – I like je n’aime pas – I don’t like aimez-vous – do you like? (formal / plural) aimes-tu – do you like? (informal) n’aimez-vous pas – don’t you like? (formal / plural) n’aimes-tu pas – don’t you like? (informal) l’aimez-vous – do you like it? (formal / plural) l’aimes-tu – do you like it? (informal) ne l’aimez-vous pas – don’t you like it? (formal / plural) ne l’aimes-tu pas – don’t you like it? (informal)

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you like it in London?

Don’t you like it in London? Ne l’aimes-tu pas à Londres? / Ne l’aimez-vous pas à Londres?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you like it in France?

Why don’t you like it in France? Pourquoi ne l’aimes-tu pas en France? / Pourquoi ne l’aimez-vous pas en France?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you like to go abroad?

Don’t you like to go abroad? N’aimes-tu pas aller à l’étranger? / N’aimez-vous pas aller à l’étranger?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'aime – I like je n’aime pas – I don’t like aimez-vous – do you like? (formal / plural) aimes-tu – do you like? (informal) n’aimez-vous pas – don’t you like? (formal / plural) n’aimes-tu pas – don’t you like? (informal) l’aimez-vous – do you like it? (formal / plural) l’aimes-tu – do you like it? (informal) ne l’aimez-vous pas – don’t you like it? (formal / plural) ne l’aimes-tu pas – don’t you like it? (informal)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What do you like to do in France? Do you like the restaurants here? I like it here; it isn't bad I don't like the food here Don't you like it here? Where do you like to go abroad? Do you like spending the holidays in England? Whom do you like? Whom don't you like? I don't like the green coat but I like the red (one)

1.

Qu’aimes-tu faire en France? / Qu’aimez-vous faire en France? 2. Aimes-tu les restaurants ici? / Aimez-vous les restaurants ici? 3. Je l’aime ici; ce n’est pas mauvais 4. Je n’aime pas la nourriture ici 5. Ne l’aimes-tu pas ici? / Ne l’aimez-vous pas ici? 6. Où aimes-tu aller à l’étranger? / Où aimez-vous aller à l’étranger? 7. Aimes-tu passer les vacances en Angleterre? / Aimez-vous passer les vacances en Angleterre? 8. Qui aimes-tu? / Qui aimez-vous? 9. Qui n’aimes-tu pas? / Qui n’aimez-vous pas? 10. Je n’aime pas le manteau vert mais j’aime le rouge

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Aimes-tu ma voiture? Qu’aimez-vous manger en France? Où aimes-tu manger à Marseille? J’aime passer les vacances à l’étranger L’aimez-vous? N’aimes-tu pas l’hôtel? J’aime tout le monde ici Je n’aime pas ҫa Où aimes-tu passer les vacances? Aimez-vous parler français?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Do you like my car? What do you like to eat in France? Where do you like eating in Marseille? I like spending the holidays abroad Do you like it? Don't you like the hotel? I like everybody here I don't like that Where do you like to spend the holidays Do you like speaking French?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I would like some grapes, please Where are the shoes? The hospital is straight on Are you busy tomorrow? Do you want that? It's very good Do you have a map of the town? The hotel is fantastic It's absolutely beautiful here I'm going to Pierre's house

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Je voudrais des raisins, s’il vous plaît Où sont les chaussures? L’hôpital est tout droit Es-tu occupé demain? / Êtes-vous occupé demain? Veux-tu ҫa? / Voulez-vous ҫa? C’est très bon As-tu un plan de la ville? / Avez-vous un plan de la ville? L’hôtel est fantastique C’est absolument beau ici Je vais chez Pierre

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Ce n’est pas très bon pour moi mais c’est délicieux Le poulet est pour moi C’est combien pour trois nuits? Bonjour, je m’appelle monsieur Boulot, et j’ai une réservation pour quatre personnes à vingt heures 5. Je voudrais un sweat-shirt bleu 6. Je vais commander du vin pour la table 7. N’as-tu pas mangé aujourd’hui? / N’avez-vous pas mangé aujourd’hui? 8. Ҫa c’est trop grand pour moi 9. Où veux-tu prendre le déjeuner? / Où voulez-vous prendre le déjeuner? 10. Pour moi, la nourriture ici est parfaite

1. 2. 3. 4.

It isn't very good for me but it's delicious The chicken is for me How much is it for three nights? Hello, my name is Mr Boulot, and I have a reservation for four people at eight o'clock 5. I would like a blue sweatshirt 6. I'm going to order some wine for the table 7. Haven't you eaten today? 8. That's too big for me 9. Where do you want to have lunch? 10. I think the food here is perfect

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. in / to (referring to town or city) 2. don't you like it? (informal) 3. don't you like? (informal) 4. in Paris / to Paris 5. are you coming / do you come (formal) 6. do you like it? (formal) 7. I come / I'm coming 8. in / to (referring to country) 9. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 10. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 11. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 12. don't you like it? (formal) 13. I like 14. (to) spend (time) 15. do you like? (formal) 16. I come from 17. don't you like? (formal) 18. I don't like 19. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 20. in France / to France 21. do you like it? (informal)

22. the holidays 23. abroad 24. where do you come from? (formal) 25. from where 26. from abroad 27. I don't come / I'm not coming 28. do you like? (informal) 29. are you coming / do you come (informal) 30. I speak / I'm speaking 31. where do you come from? (informal)

1. à 2. ne l'aimes-tu pas? 3. n'aimes-tu pas? 4. à Paris 5. venez-vous 6. l'aimez-vous? 7. je viens 8. en 9. parlez-vous 10. ne viens-tu pas 11. ne venez-vous pas 12. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 13. j'aime 14. passer 15. aimez-vous? 16. je viens de 17. n'aimez-vous pas? 18. je n'aime pas 19. parles-tu 20. en France 21. l'aimes-tu? 22. les vacances 23. à l'étranger

24. d'où venez-vous? 25. d'où 26. de l'étranger 27. je ne viens de 28. aimes-tu? 29. viens-tu 30. je parle 31. d'où viens-tu?

LESSON 56 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I like I don’t like do you like? don't you like? do you like it? don't you like it? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson:

je suis allé It means “I went” You pronounce it “jsheugh swee-zah-leh”

How would you say this in French?

I went to France.

I went to France. Je suis allé en France.

How would you say this in French?

I went to Paris.

I went to Paris. Je suis allé à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I went to Marie’s.

I went to Marie’s. Je suis allé chez Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I went yesterday.

I went yesterday. Je suis allé hier.

Je suis allé The phrase “je suis allé” means, as we’ve just seen, "I went”. However, if you’re a woman saying this phrase, you need to add an extra little ‘e’ on the end of “allé” to make it feminine. It becomes “allée”.

je suis allée I went (a woman speaking)

je suis allé I went (a man speaking) Both the masculine and feminine versions of this phrase are pronounced exactly the same, so it’s only in writing that you have to keep this in mind.

Let’s make it negative now:

je ne suis pas allé(e) It means “I didn’t go” You pronounce it “jsheugh neugh sweep ah-zah-leh” Obviously you just add the extra “e” to the end to make it feminine

So, how would you say this in French?

I didn’t go to France.

I didn’t go to France. Je ne suis pas allé en France.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t go to the beach yesterday.

I didn’t go to the beach yesterday. Je ne suis pas allé à la plage hier.

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis allé(e) – I went je ne suis pas allé(e) – I didn’t go

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t go to Marseille.

I didn’t go to Marseille. Je ne suis pas allé à Marseille.

EN vs. À We learnt a couple of lessons ago that, in French, the words "en” and “à” can both mean “to” and they can both mean “in”. We then learnt a simple rule of thumb: you use “en” when you’re talking about a country, and you use “à” if you’re talking about a town, a city or anything else.

Je vais en France I’m going to France (a country) Je vais à Paris I’m going to Paris (a city) If you have looked at the Vocabulary Expansion Sheet for countries already, you might have noticed that most of the countries in French are feminine. However, there are a few which are masculine and a few which are plural. If a country is feminine, you can use “en” in front of it to mean “to” or “in”, as we have learnt. On the other hand, if a country is masculine or plural, you have to use “à” in front of it to mean “to” or “in”. When you use “en”, the word for “the” disappears, but when you use “à”, the word for “the” remains in place. Just remember the old rules:

à + le = au à + les = aux Here are a few examples of this in use:

Je vais en Lituanie I’m going to Lithuania (feminine country)

Je suis en Lituanie

I’m in Lithuania (feminine country)

Je vais en Angleterre I’m going to England (feminine country)

Je suis en Angleterre I’m in England (feminine country)

Je vais au Mexique I’m going to Mexico (masculine country)

Je suis au Mexique I’m in Mexico (masculine country)

Je vais au Pérou I’m going to Peru (masculine country)

Je suis au Pérou I’m in Peru (masculine country)

Je vais aux États-Unis I’m going to the United States (plural)

Je suis aux États-Unis I’m in the United States (plural) Most of the countries are feminine, so you would always use “en”, but just be aware that there are a few masculine and plural countries with which you have to use “à”.

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to go to Cape Verde.

I wanted to go to Cape Verde. Je voulais aller au Cap-Vert.

How would you say this in French?

I went to Kenya with my sister.

I went to Kenya with my sister. Je suis allé au Kenya avec ma sœur.

How would you say this in French?

I’m in Japan today, but I’m going to China tomorrow.

I’m in Japan today, but I’m going to China tomorrow. Je suis au Japon aujourd’hui, mais je vais en Chine demain.

Here’s a useful time phrase you can use to talk about the past:

l'année dernière It means “last year” You pronounce it “lah-neh dair-nee-AIR” Literally, it means "the last year”, because you always have to use the word l’ in front of it.

How would you say this in French?

I went to France last year.

I went to France last year. Je suis allé en France l’année dernière.

How would you say this in French?

It was last year.

It was last year. C’était l’année dernière.

How would you ask this in French?

I couldn’t go last year.

I couldn’t go last year. Je ne pouvais pas aller l’année dernière.

How would you say this?

Last year, I went to France with my family.

Last year, I went to France with my family. L’année dernière, je suis allé en France avec ma famille.

How would you say this?

I went on holiday abroad with my parents last year and it was fantastic.

I went on holiday abroad with my parents last year and it was fantastic. Je suis allé en vacances à l’étranger avec mes parents l’année dernière et c’était fantastique.

We can change the phrase “l’année dernière” a bit and we get this:

la semaine dernière It means “last week” You pronounce it “lah seugh-men dair-nee-AIR” Literally, it means "the last week”, because you always have to use the word “la” in front of it.

How would you say this in French?

I went abroad last week for two days.

I went abroad last week for two days. Je suis allé à l’étranger l’année dernière pour deux jours.

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis allé(e) – I went je ne suis pas allé(e) – I didn’t go l’année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week

How would you say this in French?

I spent three days last week in Paris.

I spent three days last week in Paris. J’ai passé trois jours la semaine dernière à Paris.

How would you ask this in French?

I spoke with Pierre last week.

I spoke with Pierre last week. J’ai parlé avec Pierre la semaine dernière.

How would you say this?

We didn’t eat here last week.

We didn’t eat here last week. Nous n’avons pas mangé ici la semaine dernière.

How would you say this?

It was here last week but I don’t know where it is today.

He was here last week but I don’t know where he is today. Il était ici la semaine dernière mais je ne sais pas où il est aujourd’hui.

You’ll notice how the word “dernière” changes slightly in this next phrase:

le mois dernier It means “last month” You pronounce it “leugh mwah dair-nee-AY” Literally, it means "the last month”, because you always have to use the word “le” in front of it.

DERNIÈRE vs DERNIER We’ve seen these three phrases now:

l'année dernière last year

la semaine dernière last week

le mois dernier last month The adjective “dernier” means “last”, and the feminine version is “dernière”. They are pronounced slightly differently:

dernier = dair-nee-AY dernière = dair-nee-AIR Remember we learnt a very long time ago that most adjectives in French come after the noun, so literally the three phrases mean “the year last”, “the week last” and “the month last”. We use “dernière” with “year” and “week”, because they’re feminine nouns in French. We use “dernier” with “month” because it’s a masculine noun.

How would you say this in French?

I saw her last month.

I saw her last month. Je l’ai vue le mois dernier.

How would you say this in French?

Last month, I went to the cinema with my cousins, and we saw a fantastic film.

Last month, I went to the cinema with my cousins, and we saw a fantastic film. Le mois dernier, je suis allé au cinéma avec mes cousins, et nous avons vu un film fantastique.

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis allé(e) – I went je ne suis pas allé(e) – I didn’t go l’année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month

How would you say this in French?

Last month, Hélène visited Pierre in France, and they spend three days in Nice.

Last month, Hélène visited Pierre in France, and they spend three days in Nice. Le mois dernier, Hélène a visité Pierre en France, et ils ont passé trois jours à Nice.

How would you ask this in French?

We finished everything last month.

We finished everything last month. Nous avons tout* fini le mois dernier. *Remember that when you’re using the past tense in French, the word “tout” tends to come after the auxiliary verb and in front of the past participle

How would you say this?

They didn’t order any wine when they ate here last month.

They didn’t order any wine when they ate here last month. Ils n’ont pas commandé de vin quand ils ont mangé ici le mois dernier.

How would you say this?

Last month, I worked in Paris and tomorrow I’m going to work in Marseille.

Last month, I worked in Paris, and tomorrow, I’m going to work in Marseille. Le mois dernier, j’ai travaillé à Paris, et demain, je vais travailler à Marseille.

AGO If you want to say that you did something a certain amount of time “ago” in French, then you use the phrase “il y a”. It basically means “ago”, but it is used in a slightly different way in French. In English, we put the word “ago” after the time phrase (two days ago), but in French, you put “il y a” in front of the time phrase (il y a deux jours).

il y a deux semaines two weeks ago

il y a une heure an hour ago

So, just to reiterate:

il y a …(time) It means “…(time) ago” You pronounce it “shjeugh nettay pah”

So, how would you say this in French?

I went to London three days ago.

I went to London three days ago. Je suis allé à Londres il y a trois jours.

How would you say this in French?

We ate here two weeks ago.

We ate here two weeks ago. Nous avons mangé ici il y a deux semaines.

How would you say this in French?

I saw Pierre three weeks ago.

I saw Pierre three weeks ago. J’ai vu Pierre il y a trois semaines.

How would you say this?:

Marie called an hour ago.

Marie called an hour ago. Marie a appelé il y a une heure.

The word for “minutes” is the same in French as it is in English. So, how would you say this in French?

The film started five minutes ago.

The film started five minutes ago. Le film a commencé il y a cinq minutes.

How would you say this in French?

Everything finished four days ago.

Everything finished four days ago. Tout a fini il y a quatre jours.

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis allé(e) – I went je ne suis pas allé(e) – I didn’t go l’année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month il y a …(time) – …(time) ago

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3.

I went to the cinema yesterday We're going to Mexico tomorrow I didn't go to the restaurant, but I went to the cinema with Marie and Sophie 4. I couldn't go last year because I had no money 5. I wanted to buy it last week, but I couldn't find my card 6. I spoke with Marie a week ago 7. I saw the film four days ago, but it was terrible 8. Last year, I went to Canada for two weeks with my family and I spoke lots of French 9. He ate something twenty minutes ago 10. They're going to spend three weeks in the United States

1. 2. 3.

Je suis allé au cinéma hier Nous allons au Mexique demain Je ne suis pas allé au restaurant, mais je suis allé au cinéma avec Marie et Sophie 4. Je ne pouvais pas aller l’année dernière parce que je n’avais pas d’argent 5. Je voulais l’acheter la semaine dernière, mais je ne pouvais pas trouver ma carte 6. J’ai parlé avec Marie il y a une semaine 7. J’ai vu le film il y a quatre jours, mais il était terrible 8. L’année dernière, je suis allé au Canada pour deux semaines avec ma famille et j’ai parlé beaucoup de français 9. Il a mangé quelque chose il y a vingt minutes 10. Ils vont passer trois semaines aux États Unis

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Je suis allé aux États-Unis l’année dernière 2. Je ne suis pas allé au cinéma la semaine dernière, mais je voudrais aller demain 3. Nous n’avons pas acheté un souvenir pour toi la semaine dernière à Paris parce que nous n’avions pas d’argent 4. J’étais en Espagne il y a trois semaines 5. Ils ont travaillé ici avec moi pour trois jours la semaine dernière 6. J’ai visité ma famille à l’étranger l’année dernière 7. L’année dernière, nous avons passé les vacances en France 8. Quand je suis allé à Paris, je n’ai pas vu Marie 9. Je suis allé au cinéma hier, mais tout était très cher 10. J’ai mangé il y a trois heures

1. 2.

I went to the United States last year I didn't go to the cinema last week, but I would like to go tomorrow 3. We didn't buy a souvenir for you last week in Paris because we didn't have any money 4. I was in Spain three weeks ago 5. They worked here with me for three days last week 6. I visited my family abroad last year 7. Last year, we spent the holidays in France 8. When I went to Paris, I didn't see Marie 9. I went to the cinema yesterday, but everything was very expensive 10. I ate three hours ago

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

I would like a taxi, please Can I go to the gym? Go there I would like to try it At the roundabout, take the exit towards La Rochelle, and then go straight on; the restaurant is on the right 6. Do you have any bread? 7. It’s half past one 8. She brought some food 9. I’m going to order now 10. What can I drink?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Je voudrais un taxi, s’il vous plait Puis-je aller à la gym? Allez là Je voudrais l’essayer Au rond-point, prenez la sortie vers La Rochelle, et puis allez tout droit; le restaurant est à droite 6. Avez-vous du pain? / As-tu du pain? 7. Il est une heure et demie 8. Elle a apporté de la nourriture 9. Je vais commander maintenant 10. Que puis-je boire?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. À quelle heure est le bus? 2. C’est quatre-vingt euros 3. Voulez-vous l’essayer plus tard? / Veux-tu l’essayer plus tard? 4. Oui, c’est pour moi, merci 5. Allez-vous à la plage ce soir? / Vas-tu à la plage ce soir? 6. Puis-je manger à l’hôtel plus tard? 7. Mon adresse est "Quinze Rue de Marseille" 8. Je l’ai vue hier à Paris 9. C’est combien une petite voiture? 10. J’ai une réservation sous le nom de Smith

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What time is the bus? It's eighty euros Do you want to try it later? Yes, it's for me, thank you Are you going to the beach tonight? Can I eat at the hotel later? My address is "15 Rue de Marseille" I saw her yesterday in Paris How much is a small car? I have a reservation in the name of Smith

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. do you like? (informal) 2. don't you like? (formal) 3. I don't like 4. abroad 5. don't you like? (informal) 6. … (time) ago 7. from abroad 8. do you like it? (formal) 9. where do you come from? (formal) 10. the holidays 11. I went 12. I come / I'm coming 13. I didn't go 14. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 15. I come from 16. from where 17. last month 18. are you coming / do you come (formal) 19. (to) spend (time) 20. don't you like it? (informal) 21. I don't come / I'm not coming

22. I like 23. in / to (referring to town or city) 24. where do you come from? (informal) 25. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 26. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 27. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 28. do you like it? (informal) 29. do you like? (formal) 30. in / to (referring to country) 31. don't you like it? (formal) 32. last year 33. last week 34. I speak / I'm speaking 35. are you coming / do you come (informal) 36. in Paris / to Paris 37. in France / to France

1. aimes-tu? 2. n'aimez-vous pas? 3. je n'aime pas 4. à l'étranger 5. n'aimes-tu pas? 6. il y a … (time) 7. de l'étranger 8. l'aimez-vous? 9. d'où venez-vous? 10. les vacances 11. je suis allé(e) 12. je viens 13. je ne suis pas allé(e) 14. parles-tu 15. je viens de 16. d'où 17. le mois dernier 18. venez-vous 19. passer 20. ne l'aimes-tu pas? 21. je ne viens de 22. j'aime 23. à

24. d'où viens-tu? 25. ne venez-vous pas 26. ne viens-tu pas 27. parlez-vous 28. l'aimes-tu? 29. aimez-vous? 30. en 31. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 32. l'année dernière 33. la semaine dernière 34. je parle 35. viens-tu 36. à Paris 37. en France

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons fifty-four to fifty-six of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons fifty-seven to fifty-nine, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 57 – 59 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 54-56”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 57 LESSON 58 LESSON 59 Merci

LESSON 57 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I went I didn’t go last year last week last month …(time) ago If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In the last lesson, we learnt the phrase “l’année dernière”, which means “last year”. Well, here’s the opposite:

l'année prochaine It means “next year” You pronounce it “lah-neh proh-shen”

How would you ask this in French?

Next year, I’m going to Paris.

Next year, I’m going to Paris. L’année prochaine, je vais à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Last year, I went to France on holiday; next year, I’m going to Spain.

Last year, I went to France on holiday; next year, I’m going to Spain. L’année dernière, je suis allé en France en vacances; l’année prochaine, je vais en Espagne.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to visit Paris next year?

Do you want to visit Paris next year? Voulez-vous visiter Paris l’année prochaine? / Veux-tu visiter Paris l’année prochaine?

How would you say this in French?

Michel is going to stay at my house next year.

Michel is going to stay at my house next year. Michel va rester chez moi l’année prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to spend the holidays abroad next year.

I’m going to spend the holidays abroad next year. Je vais passer les vacances à l’étranger l’année prochaine.

Now you know what the word “prochaine” means, you can probably guess what this next phrase is:

la semaine prochaine It means “next week” You pronounce it “lah seugh-men proh-shen”

How would you ask this in French?

I’m going to see Marie next week.

I’m going to see Marie next week. Je vais voir Marie la semaine prochaine.

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week

How would you say this in French?

Next week, I’m going to France.

Next week, I’m going to France. La semaine prochaine, je vais en France.

How would you say this in French?

Are you coming to England tomorrow or next week?

Are you coming to England tomorrow or next week? Venez-vous en Angleterre demain ou la semaine prochaine?

How would you say this in French?

I’m in Spain tomorrow and I’m in France next week.

I’m in Spain tomorrow and then, next week, I’m in France. Je suis en Espagne demain et puis, la semaine prochaine, je suis en France.

How would you say this in French?

Sophie and Charles are going abroad next week.

Sophie and Charles are going abroad next week. Sophie et Charles vont à l’étranger la semaine prochaine.

The word “prochaine” means “next”, and it’s the feminine version. Let’s have a look at what it looks like when it’s used with a masculine noun:

le mois prochain It means “next month” You pronounce it “leugh mwah proh-shan(g)”

PROCHAINE vs PROCHAIN We’ve seen these three phrases now:

l'année prochaine next year

la semaine prochaine next week

le mois prochain next month The adjective “prochain” means “next”, and the feminine version is “prochaine”. They are pronounced slightly differently:

prochain = proh-shan(g) prochaine = proh-shen In English, we get the word “approaching” from the word “prochain”. You can sort of see it if you look in the middle of the word apPROACHing. If you think of the phrase “la semaine prochaine” meaning “the approaching week”, then it might help you to remember that “la semaine prochaine” means “next week.”.

So, how would you ask this in French?

Where are you going next month?

Where are you going next month? Où vas-tu le mois prochain? / Où allezvous le mois prochain?

How would you say this in French?

Are they going on holiday next month?

Are they going on holiday next month? Vont-ils en vacances le mois prochain?

How would you say this in French?

Next month, I would like to visit my family in Germany.

Next month, I would like to visit my family in Germany. Le mois prochain, je voudrais visiter ma famille en Allemagne.

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month

How would you say this in French?

We’re not going to Portugal this month; we’re going next month.

We’re not going to Portugal this month; we’re going next month. Nous n’allons pas au Portugal ce mois; nous allons le mois prochain.

THIS MONTH We learnt how to say “this” quite a while ago. Remember that the masculine word is “ce” and the feminine word is “cette”. Well, we can now use this to say “this week” (feminine), “this month” (masculine) and “this year” (feminine).

cette semaine this week

ce mois this month

cette année this year So, now we know how to say, “last…”, “this…” and “next…”. la semaine dernière last week le mois dernier last month l'année dernière last year

ce mois this month

la semaine prochaine next week le mois prochain next month

cette année this year

l'année prochaine next year

cette semaine this week

How would you say this in French?

They spent the holidays in Germany last year, they’re going to Spain this year,

and they’re going to France next year.

They spent the holidays in Germany last year, they’re going to Spain this year, and they’re going to France next year. Ils ont passé les vacances en Allemagne l’année dernière, ils vont en Espagne cette année, et ils vont en France l’année prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t seen Sophie this week.

I haven’t seen Sophie this week. Je n’ai pas vu Sophie cette semaine.

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month

How would you say this in French?

Are you coming here this week or next week?

Are you coming here this week or next week? Viens-tu ici cette semaine ou la semaine prochaine? / Venez-vous ici cette semaine ou la semaine prochaine?

How would you say this in French?

Are they going to Paris this year?

Are they going to Paris this year? Vont-ils à Paris cette année?

How would you say this in French?

I’m coming to France this month.

I’m coming to France this month. Je viens en France ce mois.

Here’s a useful phrase you can use to talk about where you live:

j'habite à / en* It means “I live in” You pronounce it “jshah-beet ah / on(g)” *Remember, you use “en” when talking about a country, and “à” when talking about a town or a city

How would you say this in French?

I live in England.

I live in England. J’habite en Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

I live in Nottingham.

I live in Nottingham. J’habite à Nottingham.

I live in… Remember when I spoke about the difference between “en” and “à”? I said that they both mean “to” and “in”, but you use “en” in front of countries, and “à” in front of towns or cities. Then I said that most countries are feminine, but a few countries are masculine. The feminine countries are the ones you use “en” with, whereas the masculine or plural countries need to use “au” or “aux”. Well, when you use the phrase “j’habite…”, the same rules apply.

J’habite en France I live in France J’habite au Mexique I live in Mexico

How would you say this in French?

I live in Canada.

I live in Canada. J’habite au Canada.

For this next sentence, you’ll need to work out how to make the phrase “j’habite” negative:

I don’t live in Spain.

I don’t live in Spain. Je n’habite pas en Espagne. *So, the phrase "j’habite" becomes “je n’habite pas" in the negative

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month j’habite à / en – I live in

How would you say this in French?

I don’t live in London; I live in Birmingham.

I don’t live in London; I live in Birmingham. Je n’habite pas à Londres; j’habite à Birmingham.

See if you can work out how to say this in French:

I live near Paris.

I live near Paris. J’habite près de Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t live far from Marseille.

I don’t live far from Marseille. Je n’habite pas loin de Marseille.

The phrase “j’habite” can mean “I live”, but it can also mean “I’m living”. So, how would you say this?

I’m living here.

I’m living here. J’habite ici.

How would you say this in French?

I’m living in Paris with my family now.

I’m living in Paris with my family now. J’habite à Paris avec ma famille maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not living with Sophie; I’m living with Marie.

I’m not living with Sophie; I’m living with Marie. Je n’habite pas avec Sophie; j’habite avec Marie.

Let’s change the phrase “j’habite” slighty:

habitez-vous It means “do you live” or “are you living” You pronounce it “ah-bee-teh voo”

How would you say this in French?

Where do you live?

Where do you live? Où habitez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Do you live in France?

Do you live in France? Habitez-vous en France?

The phrase “habitez-vous” is used when you’re speaking formally or in the plural. We can use this phrase to speak informally:

habites-tu It means “do you live” or “are you living” You pronounce it “ah-beet too”

How would you say this in French using the informal phrase?

Where do you live?

Where do you live? Où habites-tu?

How would you say this in French?

Do you live in France?

Do you live in France? Habites-tu en France?

How would you say this in French?

I live in England, where do you live?

I live in England, where do you live? J’habite en Angleterre, où habites-tu? / J’habite en Angleterre, où habitezvous?

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month j’habite à / en – I live in j’habite – I live / I’m living habites-tu – do you live? / are you living? (informal) habitez-vous – do you live? / are you living? (formal / plural)

Let’s have another go at a negative sentence:

Don’t you live here?

Don’t you live here? N’habites-tu pas ici? / N’habitez-vous pas ici?

How would you say this in French?

I live here with my parents.

I live here with my parents. J’habite ici avec mes parents.

How would you say this in French?

I come from Paris but I live in London now.

I come from Paris but I live in London now. Je viens de Paris mais j’habite à Londres maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

Do you live near here?

Do you live near here? Habites-tu près d’ici? / Habitez-vous près d’ici?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t live here; I am here on holiday.

I don’t live here; I am here on holiday. Je n’habite pas ici; je suis ici en vacances.

How would you say this in French?

Are you here on holiday, or do you live here?

Are you here on holiday, or do you live here? Es-tu ici en vacances, ou habites-tu ici? / Êtes-vous ici en vacances, ou habitezvous ici?

This next word might not seem very useful on first glance, but I’ll explain why it is very useful in a moment:

depuis It means “since” You pronounce it “deugh-pwee”

Since…? You might be wondering why I have given you the word “depuis”, which means “since”. Well, it’s actually a very useful word in French, and you can use it in a very useful way. In French, if you want to say something like “I’ve been living here for three months”, you make the whole sentence a lot simpler. What you actually say is, “I live here since three months”.

J’habite ici depuis trois mois I’ve been living here for three months (I live here since three months) The reason for this is because the English structure “I have been …-ing” doesn’t exist in French. That’s why, instead of saying, “I’ve been living here”, you just say “I live here”. In a similar way, if you want to say something like, “How long have you been living here?”, you just say “Since when do you live here?”

Depuis quand habitez-vous ici? How long have you been living here? (Since when do you live here?) It’s a much simpler way of saying it in French, but this in itself can cause problems. Very often, your brain will think you haven’t said enough words, or it will try and make the French sentence as complicated as it is in English – but don’t worry; all that is normal when you learn something new in a foreign language. In some later lessons, I’ll introduce you to some very good techniques that you can use to stop your brain from making everything complicated. However, for now, just learn two or three sentences using this structure, and you’ll start to get to grips with it.

J’habite ici depuis deux semaines I’ve been living here for two weeks (I live here since two weeks)

Depuis quand habitez-vous en France? How long have you been living in France? (Since when do you live in France?)

How would you say this in French?

I’ve been living here in Paris for two months.

I’ve been living here in Paris for two months. J’habite ici à Paris depuis deux mois.

How would you say this in French?

How long have you been living abroad?

How long have you been living abroad? Depuis quand habites-tu à l’étranger? / Depuis quand habitez-vous à l’étranger?

How would you say this in French?

I’ve been here for two hours.

I’ve been here for two hours. Je suis ici depuis deux heures. *Literally, this means, “I am here since two hours”

How would you say this in French?

How long have you been here?

How long have you been here? Depuis quand es-tu ici? / Depuis quand êtes-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

I’ve been living in France for four months now.

I’ve been living in France for four months now. J’habite en France depuis quatre mois maintenant.

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month j’habite à / en – I live in j’habite – I live / I’m living habites-tu – do you live? / are you living? (informal) habitez-vous – do you live? / are you living? (formal / plural) depuis – since j’habite ici depuis deux semaines – I’ve been living here for two weeks

Don’t forget that you can also use “depuis” to mean “since” in the same way as English. So, how would you say this?

I’ve been here since last week.

I’ve been here since last week. Je suis ici depuis la semaine dernière. *Literally, in French, you say, “I am here since last week”

How would you say this in French?

We’ve been abroad since last week.

We’ve been abroad since last week. Nous sommes à l’étranger depuis la semaine dernière. *Literally, in French, you say, “We are abroad since last week”

Days of the week A useful thing we can learn in this lesson are the days of the week in French; we can use them with “depuis” to make some new sentences, and they’ll also go nicely with another phrase we’ll learn later in this lesson. lundi – (on) Monday mardi – (on) Tuesday mercredi – (on) Wednesday jeudi – (on) Thursday vendredi – (on) Friday samedi – (on) Saturday dimanche – (on) Sunday So, as you can see, the days of the week can be translated in two ways into English. For example, “vendredi” can mean either “Friday” or “on Friday”. Another thing to note about the days of the week is that they are all masculine. So, you can use the words “dernier” (to mean “last”) and “prochain” (to mean “next”) with them. mardi dernier – last Tuesday mardi prochain – next Tuesday

Now, if you put the word “le” in front of any of the days of the week, we get a slightly new meaning. “Le lundi”, for example, means “on Mondays”. le lundi – on Mondays le mardi – on Tuesdays le mercredi – on Wednesdays le jeudi – on Thursdays le vendredi – on Fridays le samedi – on Saturdays le dimanche – on Sundays Finally, there’s one more thing we should learn about the days of the week before we can starting building some sentences. If you put “tous les…” in front of any day of the week, and then make the day of the week plural by putting an ‘s’ on the end, you get these: tous les lundis – every Monday tous les mardis – every Tuesday tous les mercredis – every Wednesday tous les jeudis – every Thursday tous les vendredis – every Friday tous les samedis – every Saturday tous les dimanches – every Sunday The word "tous" means "all", so literally, "tous les lundis" means “all the Mondays”. You can also put the words “matin” and “soir” to add “morning” and “evening” (respectively) to the end of the phrase: tous les samedis matin – every Saturday morning tous les samedis soir – every Saturday evening So, let’s just take the word “mercredi” and recap all the different things we can do to it. mercredi – (on) Wednesday mercredi dernier – last Wednesday

mercredi prochain – next Wednesday le mercredi – on Wednesdays tous les mercredis – every Wednesday tous les mercredis matin – every Wednesday morning tous les mercredis soir – every Wednesday evening

How would you say this in French?

We’re going to Paris on Wednesday.

We’re going to Paris on Wednesday. Nous allons à Paris mercredi.

How would you say this in French?

Thursday is good for me.

Thursday is good for me. Jeudi est bon pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but next Saturday is not possible for me.

I’m sorry but next Saturday is not possible for me. Je suis désolé mais samedi prochain n’est pas possible pour moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month j’habite à / en – I live in j’habite – I live / I’m living habites-tu – do you live? / are you living? habitez-vous – do you live? / are you living? depuis – since j’habite ici depuis deux semaines – I’ve been living here for two weeks mercredi – (on) Wednesday mercredi dernier – last Wednesday mercredi prochain – next Wednesday le mercredi – on Wednesdays tous les mercredis – every Wednesday tous les mercredis matin – every Wednesday morning tous les mercredis soir – every Wednesday evening

How would you say this in French?

Last Tuesday, I went to Marie’s house, but she wasn’t there.

Last Tuesday, I went to Marie’s house, but she wasn’t there. Mardi dernier, je suis allé chez Marie, mais elle n’était pas là.

How would you say this in French?

I go to the cinema every Wednesday evening with my friends.

I go to the cinema every Wednesday evening with my friends. Je vais au cinéma tous les mercredis soir avec mes amis.

How would you say this in French?

I’m at home on Fridays.

I’m at home on Fridays. Je suis chez moi le vendredi.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to Paris tomorrow or next Sunday?

Are you going to Paris tomorrow or next Sunday? Allez-vous à Paris demain ou dimanche prochain? / Vas-tu à Paris demain ou dimanche prochain?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to eat at mine on Tuesday evening?

Do you want to eat at mine on Tuesday evening? Voulez-vous manger chez moi mardi soir? / Veux-tu manger chez moi mardi soir?

Vocabulary expansion section We’ve learnt the days of the week in this lesson, and we’ve looked a bit at what we can do with them. Well, I’ve added a vocabulary expansion section, which, as well as days of the week, includes months of the year, seasons and also some important dates.

Here's your next word for this lesson:

jusqu'à It means “until” You pronounce it “jshoo-skah”

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is here until tomorrow.

Pierre is here until tomorrow. Pierre est ici jusqu’à demain.

How would you say this in French?

I am here until next week.

I am here until next week. Je suis ici jusqu’à la semaine prochaine.

Until The funny looking phrase, “jusqu’à” means “until” and you can place it in front of times and also places. Because the phrase “jusqu’à” ends with “à”, it follows the same rules as “à” when you place it in front of the words “le” and “les”. Remember these two rules?

à + le = au à + les = aux Well, the same rules apply to "jusqu’à":

jusqu'à + le = jusqu’au jusqu’à + les = jusqu’aux Have a look at this example:

Je suis ici jusqu’au mois prochain I’m here until next month

How would you say this in French?

We are not going to France until next month.

We are not going to France until next month. Nous n’allons pas en France jusqu’au mois prochain.

How would you say this in French?

I am here until tonight.

I am here until tonight. Je suis ici jusqu’à ce soir.

In French, the word “until” can’t go to the end of a sentence, so for this next sentence, in French, you have to say “until when are you here”. How would you say this in French?

When are you here until?

When are you here until? Jusqu’à quand es-tu ici? / Jusqu’à quand êtes-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

When are they in Paris until?

When are they in Paris until? Jusqu’à quand sont-ils à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

I worked here until the 5th December.

Months of the year Here are all the months of the year in French. Note that they don’t have capital letters in French. janvier – January février – February mars – March avril – April mai – May juin – June juillet – July août – August septembre – September octobre – October novembre – November décembre – December If you want to give a date, such as “the 5th March” or “the 19th September”, all you do in French is write “le” followed by a number, followed by the month: le 5 mars the 5th March le 19 septembre the 19th September le 2 avril the 2nd April The only exception to this rule is when you want to say the 1st of the month. In French, you use the phrase “le premier” for “the first”. le premier novembre the first of November

In number form, “premier” is written as “1er” le 1er novembre the 1st November Another useful thing to note is that with dates in French, you don’t ever need to say “on the”. So, if you want to say “I’m going to France on the 2nd May”, you just say “I’m going to France the 2nd May”. Je vais en France le deux mai I’m going to France the 2nd May

I worked here until the 5th December. J’ai travaillé ici jusqu’au 5 décembre.

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month j’habite à / en – I live in j’habite – I live / I’m living habites-tu – do you live? / are you living? habitez-vous – do you live? / are you living? depuis – since j’habite ici depuis deux semaines – I’ve been living here for two weeks mercredi – (on) Wednesday mercredi dernier – last Wednesday mercredi prochain – next Wednesday le mercredi – on Wednesdays tous les mercredis – every Wednesday tous les mercredis matin – every Wednesday morning tous les mercredis soir – every Wednesday evening jusqu’à – until le 3 décembre – (on) the 3rd December le premier (1er) décembre – (on) the first (1st) December

How would you say this in French?

We’re going to France on the 8th April next year.

We’re going to France on the 8th April next year. Nous allons en France le huit avril l’année prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

We spent the holidays abroad from the 28th June until the 5th July.

We spent the holidays abroad from the 28th June until the 5th July. Nous avons passé les vacances à l’étranger du vingt-huit juin jusqu’au cinq juillet.

More about the months The months of the year in French are masculine, so if you want to say things like “next January” or “last January”, you can use the masculine words “prochain” and “dernier”. Now, there is one little thing to remember. In French, if you want to say “in” a month, you use the little word “en” for “in”. en janvier in January en septembre in September You also have to use the word “en” if you say “last May” or “next February”. In English, we say things like “Last August, I went to Paris”, however, in French, you have to say “In last August, I went to Paris”. Whenever you use the months of the year, you always say “in” with them. en janvier prochain next January (in next January) en septembre dernier last September (in last September) This might take a little getting used to because it’s different to how we say it in English. Last May, we visited my family in France En mai dernier, nous avons visité ma famille en France Because we always use "en” in front of months of the year, it means we also have to change the phrase “jusqu’à” slightly. If you want to say “until” with a month of the year, you have to say “jusqu’en” instead.

jusqu'à demain until tomorrow jusqu’en mai until May I hope that’s clear, but don’t worry about it too much if you forget it for now. The more you practise, the more you’ll remember it. jusqu'en septembre dernier until last September jusqu’en juin prochain until next June

Here's your next word for this lesson:

jusqu'en + mois It means “until + month” You pronounce it “jshoo-skon(g)“

How would you say this in French?

I’m not coming until April.

I’m not coming until April. Je ne viens pas jusqu’en avril.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not coming until Monday.

I’m not coming until Monday. Je ne viens pas jusqu’au lundi.

How would you say this in French?

We’re here until the 5th November.

We’re here until the 5th November. Nous sommes ici jusqu’au cinq novembre.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is here until 10 o’clock.

Pierre is here until 10 o’clock. Pierre est ici jusqu’à dix heures.

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month j’habite à / en – I live in j’habite – I live / I’m living habites-tu – do you live? / are you living? habitez-vous – do you live? / are you living? depuis – since j’habite ici depuis deux semaines – I’ve been living here for two weeks mercredi – (on) Wednesday mercredi dernier – last Wednesday mercredi prochain – next Wednesday le mercredi – on Wednesdays tous les mercredis – every Wednesday tous les mercredis matin – every Wednesday morning tous les mercredis soir – every Wednesday evening jusqu’à – until le 3 décembre – (on) the 3rd December le premier (1er) décembre – (on) the first (1st) December en juin – in June en juin dernier – last June en juin prochain – next June jusqu’en décembre – until December

How would you say this in French?

I went to Italy last August.

I went to Italy last August. Je suis allé en Italie en août dernier.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to go to Spain with me next February?

Do you want to go to Spain with me next February? Veux-tu aller en Espagne avec moi en février prochain? / Voulez-vous aller en Espagne avec moi en février prochain?

Phew, this has been a very long lesson, so let’s make this our final phrase:

en vacances It simply means “on holiday” or “on vacation” You pronounce it “on(g) vah-konss”

How would you say this in French?

When are you going on holiday?

When are you going on holiday? Quand vas-tu en vacances? / Quand allez-vous en vacances?

How would you say this in French?

I am on holiday.

I am on holiday. Je suis en vacances.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going on holiday.

I’m going on holiday. Je vais en vacances.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going on holiday this year.

I’m not going on holiday this year. Je ne vais pas en vacances cette année.

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you come on holiday with us to France?

Why don’t you come on holiday with us to France? Pourquoi ne viens-tu pas en vacances avec nous en France? / Pourquoi ne venez-vous pas en vacances avec nous en France?

How would you say this in French?

I’ve been on holiday for two weeks.

I’ve been on holiday for two weeks. Je suis en vacances depuis deux semaines.

How would you say this in French?

We’re going on holiday abroad.

We’re going on holiday abroad. Nous allons en vacances à l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going on holiday?

Where are you going on holiday? Où vas-tu en vacances? / Où allez-vous en vacances?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is on holiday until next week.

Pierre is on holiday until next week. Pierre est en vacances jusqu’à la semaine prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is on holiday until next Tuesday.

Pierre is on holiday until next Tuesday. Pierre est en vacances jusqu’à mardi prochain.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is on holiday until May.

Pierre is on holiday until May. Pierre est en vacances jusqu’en mai.

How would you say this in French?

I was on holiday until two days ago.

I was on holiday until two days ago. J’étais en vacances jusqu’à il y a deux jours.

A quick recap This lesson has been full of very pernickety information, so I just thought I would do a quick recap to make sure it’s all clear. DEPUIS You can use the word “depuis” with “j’habite” to say how long you’ve been living somewhere, or with the phrase “je suis” to say how long you’ve been somewhere. J’habite en France depuis trois mois I’ve been living in France for three months Je suis ici depuis cinq heures I’ve been here for five hours LES JOURS DE LA SEMAINE (THE DAYS OF THE WEEK) I’ll use the day “Thursday” to show you all the things we can do with days of the week jeudi – (on) Thursday jeudi prochain – next Thursday jeudi dernier – last Thursday le jeudi – on Thursdays tous les jeudis – every Thursday tous les jeudis matin – every Thursday morning tous les jeudis soir – every Thursday evening JUSQU’À Most of the time, we use “jusqu’à” to mean “until”, but with a month, we change it to “jusqu’en” jusqu’à demain – until tomorrow jusqu’à mardi – until Tuesday justqu’en juin – until June MOIS

When you want to say “in” with a month, you should use “en”. However, “en” is used more in French than “in” is used in English. en septembre – in September jusqu’en septembre – until September en septembre prochain – next September en septembre dernier – last September

WORD LIST SO FAR l'année prochaine – next year la semaine prochaine – next week le mois prochain – next month l'année dernière – last year la semaine dernière – last week le mois dernier – last month cette année – this year cette semaine – this week ce mois – this month j’habite à / en – I live in j’habite – I live / I’m living habites-tu – do you live? / are you living? habitez-vous – do you live? / are you living? depuis – since j’habite ici depuis deux semaines – I’ve been living here for two weeks mercredi – (on) Wednesday mercredi dernier – last Wednesday mercredi prochain – next Wednesday le mercredi – on Wednesdays tous les mercredis – every Wednesday tous les mercredis matin – every Wednesday morning tous les mercredis soir – every Wednesday evening jusqu’à – until le trois décembre – (on) the 3rd December le premier (1er) décembre – (on) the first (1st) December en juin – in June en juin dernier – last June en juin prochain – next June jusqu’en décembre – until December en vacances – on holiday

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. I've been living in Paris for three months, but next year, I'm going to Marseille 2. Do you live here in France? 3. I'm on holiday until Monday 4. We're going to have dinner here on Saturday 5. I'm here until July and then, I go to London 6. I've been in France for six days now 7. I've been coming here for twenty-three years now 8. They're here until 3 o'clock today 9. I'm not going to be there today until 5 o'clock 10. We go to the cinema every Wednesday evening

1. J’habite à Paris depuis trois mois, mais l’année prochaine, je vais à Marseille 2. Habites-tu / Habitez-vous ici en France? 3. Je suis en vacances jusqu’à lundi 4. Nous allons prendre le dîner ici samedi 5. Je suis ici jusqu’en juillet et puis, je vais à Londres 6. Je suis en France depuis six jours maintenant 7. Je viens ici depuis vingt-trois ans maintenant 8. Ils sont ici jusqu’à trois heures aujourd’hui 9. Je ne vais pas être là aujourd’hui jusqu’à cinq heures 10. Nous allons au cinéma tous les mercredis soir

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Habitez-vous ici? Depuis quand habitez-vous ici? Nous allons en vacances le vingt avril Aujourd’hui, c’est le premier mai J’étais en vacances en Espagne avec ma famille la semaine dernière Aimes-tu aller en vacances à l’étranger? J’aime aller en vacances à l’étranger, mais je préfère rester en Angleterre 8. En juin prochain, nous allons au Portugal pour deux semaines 9. En décembre dernier, j’ai passé une semaine en France 10. Je suis ici jusqu’en septembre

1. Do you live here? 2. How long have you been living here? 3. We're going on holiday on the 20th April 4. Today (it) is the 1st May 5. I was on holiday in Spain with my family last week 6. Do you like going on holiday abroad? 7. I like going on holiday abroad but I prefer to stay in England 8. Next June, we're going to Portugal for two weeks 9. Last December, I spent a week in France 10. I'm here until September

1. What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It's very beautiful there I would like some milk Can I pay it here? What are you going to try at the restaurant? I think the food is perfect here I would like to hire the car Take the first road on the left, and then the second road on the left I was in Spain three weeks ago I'm going to Montpellier, how much is a return ticket? Do you have a table for three people for tonight?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

C’est très beau là Je voudrais du lait Puis-je le payer ici? Qu’allez-vous / Que vas-tu essayer au restaurant? Pour moi, la nourriture est parfaite ici Je voudrais louer la voiture Prenez la première rue à gauche, et puis la deuxième rue à gauche 8. J’étais en Espagne il y a trois semaines 9. Je vais à Montpellier, c’est combien un aller-retour? 10. Avez-vous une table pour trois personnes pour ce soir?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais louer une voiture pour trois jours, s’il vous plaît 2. Puis-je payer l’addition, s’il vous plaît? 3. Il est douze heures et quart 4. Je voudrais deux billets pour Paris 5. Allez tout droit, prenez la deuxième rue, et puis c’est à droite 6. Je voudrais une plus grande voiture 7. Je ne vais pas à Marseille demain 8. Quelle est l’adresse de l’hôtel? 9. Je l’ai fait maintenant 10. Cet hôtel est parfait

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

I would like to hire a car for three days, please Can I pay the bill, please? It's quarter past twelve I would like two tickets for Paris Go straight on, take the second road, and then it's on the right 6. I would like a bigger car 7. I'm not going to Marseille tomorrow 8. What's the hotel's address? 9. I've done it now 10. This hotel is perfect

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. abroad 2. last year 3. don't you like? (formal) 4. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 5. next year 6. next June 7. on holiday 8. do you live? / are you living? (formal) 9. in France / to France 10. until 11. last June 12. do you live? / are you living? (informal) 13. I live in 14. do you like? (formal) 15. next week 16. do you like it? (informal) 17. since 18. every Wednesday evening 19. I don't like 20. do you like? (informal) 21. in June

22. (on) Wednesday 23. I come from 24. (on) the 3rd December 25. don't you like it? (informal) 26. I went 27. do you like it? (formal) 28. are you coming / do you come (informal) 29. I come / I'm coming 30. this week 31. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 32. this year 33. I speak / I'm speaking 34. don't you like it? (formal) 35. every Wednesday 36. from abroad 37. until December 38. where do you come from? (informal) 39. … (time) ago 40. in Paris / to Paris 41. I like 42. next Wednesday 43. in / to (referring to country) 44. I live / I'm living

45. this month 46. don't you like? (informal) 47. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 48. (on) the first December 49. I don't come / I'm not coming 50. last Wednesday 51. the holidays 52. last week 53. last month 54. every Wednesday morning 55. next month 56. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 57. I didn't go 58. from where 59. are you coming / do you come (formal) 60. where do you come from? (formal) 61. on Wednesdays 62. in / to (referring to town or city) 63. (to) spend (time)

1. à l'étranger 2. l'année dernière 3. n'aimez-vous pas? 4. ne viens-tu pas 5. l'année prochaine 6. en juin prochain 7. en vacances 8. habitez-vous? 9. en France 10. jusqu'à 11. en juin dernier 12. habites-tu? 13. j'habite à / en 14. aimez-vous? 15. la semaine prochaine 16. l'aimes-tu? 17. depuis 18. tous les mercredis soir 19. je n'aime pas 20. aimes-tu? 21. en juin 22. mercredi 23. je viens de

24. le trois décembre 25. ne l'aimes-tu pas? 26. je suis allé(e) 27. l'aimez-vous? 28. viens-tu 29. je viens 30. cette semaine 31. ne venez-vous pas 32. cettee année 33. je parle 34. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 35. tous les mercredis 36. de l'étranger 37. jusqu'en décembre 38. d'où viens-tu? 39. il y a … (time) 40. à Paris 41. j'aime 42. mercredi prochain 43. en 44. j'habite 45. ce mois 46. n'aimes-tu pas?

47. parles-tu 48. le premier décembre 49. je ne viens de 50. mercredi dernier 51. les vacances 52. la semaine dernière 53. le mois dernier 54. tous les mercredis matin 55. le mois prochain 56. parlez-vous 57. je ne suis pas allé(e) 58. d'où 59. venez-vous 60. d'où venez-vous? 61. le mercredi 62. à 63. passer

LESSON 58 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? next year I live / I’m living (in) this week do you live? / are you living? I’ve been living here for two weeks since this month next week on holiday until next month last year (on) Wednesday next June last June until December (on) the 3rd December last week last month this year last Wednesday in June every Wednesday evening next Wednesday (on) the 1st December on Wednesdays every Wednesday every Wednesday morning

If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Year I wanted to start this lesson with an extra bit of information to add to the last lesson. In the last lesson we saw the following phrases: cette année this year l’année dernière last year l’année prochaine next year So, you might have worked out that the word “année” means “year”. However, there is a second word: “an”.

Année vs. An Usually, you can just use “année” for year, as we have seen in the example phrases we have been learning. However, when you want to say how many years, you will have to use “an” instead (or the plural “ans”). il y a deux ans two years ago

So, let’s just reiterate that:

an It means “year” when you’re counting years or saying how many years You pronounce it “on(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I’ve been living here for three years.

I’ve been living here for three years. J’habite ici depuis trois ans.

How would you say this in French?

Five years ago, I was in Paris.

Five years ago, I was in Paris. Il y a cinq ans, j’étais à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Last year was fantastic.

Last year was fantastic. L’année dernière était fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for two years?

How much is it for two years? C’est combien pour deux ans?

How would you say this in French?

It was for one year.

It was for one year. C’était pour un an.

So, hopefully, the difference between “an” and “année” is clear; “an” is used for saying how many years, and “année” is used for pretty much everything else. Anyway, here’s a useful phrase in French:

est-ce que c’est…? It means “is it…?” You pronounce it “ess keugh seh”

How would you say this in French?

Is it good?

Is it good? Est-ce que c’est bon?

How would you say this in French?

Is it here?

Is it here? Est-ce que c’est ici?

How would you say this in French?

Is it for me?

Is it for me? Est-ce que c’est pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Is it good for me?

Is it good for me? Est-ce que c’est bon pour moi?

Est-ce que c’est…? What a strange but very useful phrase! If you dissect the phrase “est-ce que c’est", you won’t like what you find… Est Is

ce it

que that

c'est it is

So, literally, if you say “est-ce que c’est bon?”, you’re saying “is it that it is good?”. However, it’s best not to think of it like that. Simply learn “est-ce que c’est” as “is it”. You can use it in the same way as “c’est”, but just when you’re asking a question instead. The way you pronounce “est-ce que c’est” sounds nothing like it looks, and that can also be a little off putting. It’s actually really easy to pronounce:

“ess keugh seh" But, all weirdness aside, “est-ce que c’est…?” is an incredibly useful phrase in French. c'est bon / est-ce que c’est bon? it's good / is it good?

How would you say this in French?

Is it delicious or terrible?

Is it delicious or terrible? Est-ce que c’est délicieux ou terrible?

How would you say this in French?

Is it too big?

Is it too big? Est-ce que c’est trop grand?

How would you say this in French?

Is it more expensive in Paris or in Marseille?

Is it more expensive in Paris or in Marseille? Est-ce que c’est plus cher à Paris ou à Marseille?

How would you say this in French?

Is it good or bad?

Is it good or bad? Est-ce que c’est bon ou mauvais?

WORD LIST SO FAR an – year (when saying how many years) est-ce que c’est…? – is it…?

If the phrase “est-ce que c’est… ?" means "is it…?", then we can change the "c’est" bit on the end and make it negative:

est-ce que ce n’est pas…? It means “isn’t it…?” You pronounce it “ess keugh seugh neh pah”

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t it very good?

Isn’t it very good? Est-ce que ce n’est pas très bon?

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t it here now?

Isn’t it here now? Est-ce que ce n’est pas ici maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t it for me?

Isn’t it for me? Est-ce que ce n’est pas pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t it good for me?

Isn’t it good for me? Est-ce que ce n’est pas bon pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t it at Pierre’s house?

Isn’t it at Pierre’s house? Est-ce que ce n’est pas chez Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t it too expensive?

Isn’t it too expensive? Est-ce que ce n’est pas trop cher?

In a similar way, we can also put the phrase “est-ce que c’est…?” into the past tense:

est-ce que c’était…? It means “was it…?” You pronounce it “ess keugh seh-teh"

So, how would you say this?

Was it good?

Was it good? Est-ce que c’était bon?

How would you say this in French?

Was it there?

Was it there? Est-ce que c’était là?

How would you say this in French?

Was it for me?

Was it for me? Est-ce que c’était pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Was it for very expensive?

Was it very expensive? Est-ce que c’était très cher?

WORD LIST SO FAR an – year (when saying how many years) est-ce que c’est…? – is it…? est-ce que ce n’est pas…? – isn’t it…? est-ce que c’était…? – was it…?

And finally, we can make the past tense version negative too:

est-ce que ce n’était pas…? It means “wasn’t it…?” You pronounce it “ess keugh she neh-the pah"

How would you say this in French?

Wasn’t it very good?

Wasn’t it very good? Est-ce que ce n’était pas très bon?

How would you say this in French?

Wasn’t it there?

Wasn’t it there? Est-ce que ce n’était pas là?

How would you say this in French?

Wasn’t it for you?

Wasn’t it for you? Est-ce que ce n’était pas pour toi / pour vous?

Est-ce que… You might have noticed that the phrase “est-ce que” appears in front of the last four phrases that we’ve learnt. All we have done is put words on the end of it. We already knew the four phrases “c’est”, “ce n’est pas”, “c’était” and “ce n’était pas”, and putting “est-ce que” in front of them simply turned them into questions: c'est / est-ce que c’est…? it is / is it…? ce n'est pas / est-ce que ce n’est pas…? it isn’t / isn’t it…? c'était / est-ce que c’était…? it was / was it…? ce n’était pas / est-ce que ce n’était pas…? it wasn’t / wasn’t it…?

How would you say this in French?

Wasn’t it expensive in Paris?

Wasn’t it expensive in Paris? Est-ce que ce n’était pas cher à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Wasn’t it at Marie’s house?

Wasn’t it at Marie’s house? Est-ce que ce n’était pas chez Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Wasn’t it at four o’clock?

Wasn’t it at four o’clock? Est-ce que ce n’était pas à quatre heures?

How would you say this in French?

When was it?

When was it? Quand est-ce que c’était?

How would you say this in French?

Where was it?

Where was it? Où est-ce que c’était?

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

assez It means “quite” or “enough” You pronounce it “ah-seh”

The wonder of “assez” The word “assez” has two main meanings. It can mean “quite” or “enough”. We’ll start with its first meaning. You can put “assez” in front of any adjective in the same way as you use “très”. Whilst “très” means “very”, “assez” means “quite” (or we also say “rather” in English) c'est assez bon it is quite good / it is rather good* c'est assez cher it is quite expensive / it is rather expensive c'est assez facile it is quite easy / it’s rather easy* *In English, we can also use the word “enough” in these phrases: “it’s good enough” and “it’s easy enough”

Secondly, you can use “assez” to mean “enough”. There are several ways you can use it. BY ITSELF : c'est assez pour moi it’s enough for me WITH THE PAST TENSE (it goes in between the auxiliary verb and the past participle) j'ai assez mangé I have eaten enough nous n’avons pas assez acheté we haven’t bought enough IN FRONT OF NOUNS (just like with “trop de”, you have to put “de” after “assez” if you use it with a noun: assez de…) il y a assez de nourriture there is enough food je n’ai pas assez d’argent I don’t have enough money

So, that’s the four ways you can use “assez”

assez + adjective quite / rather + adjective assez (by itself) enough j’ai assez + past participle I have _____ enough assez de + noun enough + noun

How would you say this in French?

It’s quite beautiful here.

It’s quite beautiful here. C’est assez beau ici.

How would you say this in French?

I like this car but it is quite expensive.

I like this car, but it is quite expensive. J’aime cette voiture, mais elle est assez chère.

How would you say this in French?

That’s enough for me, thank you.

That’s enough for me, thank you. Ҫa c’est assez pour moi, merci.

How would you say this in French?

Enough!

Enough! Assez!

WORD LIST SO FAR an – year (when saying how many years) est-ce que c’est…? – is it…? est-ce que ce n’est pas…? – isn’t it…? est-ce que c’était…? – was it…? est-ce que ce n’était pas…? – wasn’t it…? assez – quite / rather / enough assez de + noun – enough + noun

How would you say this in French?

Have you eaten enough today?

Have you eaten enough today? As-tu assez mangé aujourd’hui? / Avez-vous assez mangé aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

I’ve seen enough.

I’ve seen enough. J’ai assez vu. How would you say this in French?

Do you have enough time?

Do you have enough time? As-tu assez de temps? / Avez-vous assez de temps?

How would you say this in French?

I would like to buy it, but I don’t have enough money.

I would like to buy it, but I don’t have enough money. Je voudrais l’acheter, mais je n’ai pas assez d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

You have drunk enough wine.

You have drunk enough wine. Tu as bu assez de vin. / Vous avez bu assez de vin.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t buy enough food for eight people.

I didn’t buy enough food for eight people. Je n’ai pas acheté assez de nourriture pour huit personnes.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have enough time to help me?

Do you have enough time to help me? As-tu / Avez-vous assez de temps de m’aider?

How would you say this in French?

Are there enough people here?

Are there enough people here? Y a-t-il assez de personnes ici?

How would you say this in French?

The film was quite good.

The film was quite good. Le film était assez bon.

How would you say this in French?

That is enough for me.

That is enough for me. Cela c’est assez pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

Is it enough for you?

Is it enough for you? Est-ce que c’est assez pour toi / pour vous?

WORD LIST SO FAR an – year (when saying how many years) est-ce que c’est…? – is it…? est-ce que ce n’est pas…? – isn’t it…? est-ce que c’était…? – was it…? est-ce que ce n’était pas…? – wasn’t it…? assez – quite / rather / enough assez de + noun – enough + noun

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

longtemps It means “a long time” You pronounce it “lon(g)-tom”

How would you say this in French?

I have been here for a long time.

I have been here for a long time. Je suis ici depuis longtemps.

How would you say this in French?

Have you been living here for a very long time?

Have you been living here for a very long time? Habites-tu / Habitez-vous ici depuis très longtemps?

How would you say this in French?

It was a long time ago.

It was a long time ago. C’était il y a longtemps.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to stay a long time?

Are you going to stay a long time? Allez-vous rester longtemps? / Vas-tu rester longtemps?

How would you say this in French?

Did you wait a long time?

Did you wait a long time? As-tu longtemps attendu? / Avez-vous longtemps attendu?

How would you say this in French?

I went to Paris a very long time ago.

I went to Paris a very long time ago. Je suis allé à Paris il y a très longtemps.

Adjectives An adjective is a word that describes something (although that is only a general definition). More precisely, you can recognise that a word is an adjective if you can put “it is” in front of it (it is GOOD; it is GREEN; it is POSSIBLE – good, green and possible are all examples of adjectives). In French, if you want to say, “it is difficult for me to understand French”, you have to use the little preposition “de” in front of the verb “to understand”. c'est difficile pour moi de comprendre le français it’s difficult for me to understand French This happens whenever you use this structure: IT IS (c’est) + ADJECTIVE + DE + VERB It’s easy to speak French C’est facile de parler français It’s difficult to understand French C’est difficile de comprendre le français It’s too expensive for me to eat here C’est trop cher pour moi de manger ici How would you say this in French?

Is it difficult to speak French?

Is it difficult to speak French? Est-ce que c’est difficile de parler français?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible for me to leave now?

Is it possible for me to leave now? Est-ce que c’est possible pour moi de partir maintenant?

Some more adjectives Seeing as we’ve learnt this useful structure now: IT IS (c’est) + ADJECTIVE + DE + VERB It’s probably a good idea to learn some new adjectives. I’ve added a Vocabulary Expansion Section to the end of this book with lots of useful adjectives. The adjectives will be useful not only for this new structure, but for building any sentences in general. Just like with all the other Vocabulary Expansion Sections, learn a couple or three words at a time and build different sentences to help them stick in your brain. There are over 400 adjectives in the list, so I don’t expect you to learn them all. If nothing else, just being able to recognise them is a huge benefit. I’ve split the adjectives up into eleven sections: - emotions - size - personality - shape - quantity - condition - sound - taste - time - appearance - touch Some of these adjectives won’t be very useful to you yet, but as you work through the rest of this book and following books, we will learn lots of new ways to use them.

Have the Vocabulary Expansion Section to hand when working out how to say the following sentences in French:

I’m glad.

I’m glad. Je suis content.

How do you say this in French?

This car is absolutely enormous.

This car is absolutely enormous. Cette voiture est absolument énorme.

How do you say this in French?

I’m sorry but that was thoughtless.

I’m sorry but that was thoughtless. Je suis désolé mais ҫa c’était inconsidéré.

How do you say this in French?

It’s crowded (in) here tonight.

It’s crowded in here tonight. C’est bondé ici ce soir.

How do you say this in French?

Everything is broken.

Everything is broken. Tout est cassé.

How do you say this in French?

Is it absolutely necessary?

Is it absolutely necessary? Est-ce que c’est absolument nécessaire?

The word “frais” means “fresh”, and the feminine form is “fraîche”. So, how do you say this in French?

The food here is always fresh.

The food here is always fresh. La nourriture ici est toujours fraîche.

How do you say this in French?

It is very beautiful here when the city is lit up.

It is very beautiful here when the city is lit up. C’est très beau ici quand la ville est illuminée.

How do you say this in French?

You’re wet!

You’re wet! Tu es mouillé! / Vous êtes mouillé!

WORD LIST SO FAR an – year (when saying how many years) est-ce que c’est…? – is it…? est-ce que ce n’est pas…? – isn’t it…? est-ce que c’était…? – was it…? est-ce que ce n’était pas…? – wasn’t it…? assez – quite / rather / enough assez de + noun – enough + noun longtemps – a long time c’est facile de parler français – it’s easy to speak French

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3.

Last year, when I went to Spain, it was fantastic I've been living abroad for three years now Five years ago, we visited the Eiffel Tower in Paris, and it (she) was magnificent 4. Is it good? 5. Where was it? 6. I ate at this restaurant last week, and the food was quite good but not perfect 7. I've eaten enough today, but those cakes are delicious 8. We have visited Marseille, but it was a long time ago 9. This car is rather expensive, but it is very beautiful 10. It's quite difficult to understand French

1.

L’année dernière, quand je suis allé en Espagne, c’était fantastique 2. J’habite à l’étranger depuis trois ans maintenant 3. Il y a cinq ans, nous avons visité la Tour Eiffel à Paris, et elle était magnifique 4. Est-ce que c’est bon? 5. Où est-ce que c’était? 6. J’ai mangé à ce restaurant la semaine dernière, et la nourriture était assez bonne mais pas parfaite 7. J’ai assez mangé aujourd’hui, mais ces gâteaux sont délicieux 8. Nous avons visité Marseille, mais c’était il y a longtemps 9. Cette voiture est assez chère, mais elle est très belle 10. C’est assez difficile de comprendre le français

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C’est très facile de parler français si tu es français Est-ce que c’est possible pour vous de me montrer maintenant? Est-ce que c’était très bon au restaurant hier? Est-ce que c’est là? Est-ce que c’était le mois dernier ou il y a deux mois? Cette voiture n’est pas très rapide, mais elle est très pratique J’aime aller en vacances à l’étranger, mais c’est très fatigant Je suis désolé, mais c’est endommagé C’est délicieux mais c’est très sucré Ҫa c’est foux!

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It's very easy to speak French if you're French Is it possible for you to show me now? Was it very good at the restaurant yesterday? Is it there? Was it last month or two months ago? This car isn't very fast, but it's very practical I like going on holiday abroad, but it is very tiring I'm sorry, but it's damaged It's delicious but it's very sweet That's crazy!

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn't here; it's there I'm going to have some cheese Can I change my reservation? I would like to go to the hotel at five o'clock It isn't good; it's absolutely extraordinary I would like a television How much is the chicken? I ate three hours ago Where is the hotel? We didn't eat it

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ce n’est pas ici; c’est là Je vais prendre du fromage Puis-je changer ma réservation? Je voudrais aller à l’hôtel à cinq heures Ce n’est pas bon; c’est absolument extraordinaire Je voudrais une télévision C’est combien le poulet? J’ai mangé il y a trois heures Où est l’hôtel? Nous ne l’avons pas mangé

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Vas-tu le manger? 2. Puis-je prendre le bifteck bien cuit, s’il vous plaît? 3. Voulez-vous faire une réservation? 4. Aimes-tu passer les vacances en Angleterre? 5. Je ne peux pas payer l’addition parce que je n’ai pas assez d’argent 6. Je suis allé au cinéma hier 7. Puis-je le commander maintenant? 8. Ҫa c’est pour moi 9. Je vais l’essayer plus tard 10. Je voudrais acheter un short

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Are you going to eat it? May I have the steak well done, please? Do you want to make a reservation? Do you like spending the holidays in England? I can't pay the bill because I don't have enough money I went to the cinema yesterday Can I order it now? That is for me I'm going to try it later I would like to buy some shorts

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 2. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 3. are you coming / do you come (formal) 4. is it…? 5. I don't like 6. this month 7. every Wednesday evening 8. it's easy to speak French 9. since 10. next week 11. last Wednesday 12. a long time 13. I like 14. abroad 15. don't you like it? (formal) 16. until 17. where do you come from? (informal) 18. I went 19. this week 20. are you coming / do you come (informal) 21. last month

22. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 23. I didn't go 24. last year 25. (on) the first December 26. I come from 27. every Wednesday morning 28. do you like? (informal) 29. the holidays 30. do you live? / are you living? (formal) 31. last week 32. I speak / I'm speaking 33. was it…? 34. next month 35. in June 36. in / to (referring to town or city) 37. enough + noun 38. every Wednesday 39. last June 40. I live in 41. in France / to France 42. in Paris / to Paris 43. … (time) ago 44. don't you like it? (informal)

45. next June 46. I don't come / I'm not coming 47. quite / rather / enough 48. this year 49. where do you come from? (formal) 50. wasn't it…? 51. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 52. on holiday 53. year (when saying how many years) 54. until December 55. don't you like? (formal) 56. (to) spend (time) 57. do you like it? (formal) 58. do you like? (formal) 59. next Wednesday 60. on Wednesdays 61. do you like it? (informal) 62. isn't it…? 63. from where 64. from abroad 65. (on) the 3rd December 66. do you live? / are you living? (informal) 67. next year

68. I come / I'm coming 69. don't you like? (informal) 70. I live / I'm living 71. (on) Wednesday 72. in / to (referring to country)

1. parlez-vous 2. ne venez-vous pas 3. venez-vous 4. est-ce que c'est…? 5. je n'aime pas 6. ce mois 7. tous les mercredis soir 8. c'est facile de parler français 9. depuis 10. la semaine prochaine 11. mercredi dernier 12. longtemps 13. j'aime 14. à l'étranger 15. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 16. jusqu'à 17. d'où viens-tu? 18. je suis allé(e) 19. cette semaine 20. viens-tu 21. le mois dernier 22. parles-tu 23. je ne suis pas allé(e)

24. l'année dernière 25. le premier décembre 26. je viens de 27. tous les mercredis matin 28. aimes-tu? 29. les vacances 30. habitez-vous? 31. la semaine dernière 32. je parle 33. est-ce que c'était…? 34. le mois prochain 35. en juin 36. à 37. assez de + noun 38. tous les mercredis 39. en juin dernier 40. j'habite à / en 41. en France 42. à Paris 43. il y a … (time) 44. ne l'aimes-tu pas? 45. en juin prochain 46. je ne viens de

47. assez 48. cettee année 49. d'où venez-vous? 50. est-ce que ce n'était pas…? 51. ne viens-tu pas 52. en vacances 53. an 54. jusqu'en décembre 55. n'aimez-vous pas? 56. passer 57. l'aimez-vous? 58. aimez-vous? 59. mercredi prochain 60. le mercredi 61. l'aimes-tu? 62. est-ce que ce n'est pas…? 63. d'où 64. de l'étranger 65. le trois décembre 66. habites-tu? 67. l'année prochaine 68. je viens 69. n'aimes-tu pas?

70. j'habite 71. mercredi 72. en

LESSON 59 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? year (when saying how many years) is it…? isn’t it…? was it…? wasn’t it…? quite / rather / enough enough + noun a long time it’s easy to speak French If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In this lesson, we’re going to learn a few words to say where things are. So, here’s your first word:

devant It means “in front of” You pronounce it “deugh-von(g)”

How would you say this in French?

It’s in front of the restaurant.

It’s in front of the restaurant. C’est devant le restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Is it in front of the restaurant?

Is it in front of the restaurant? Est-ce que c’est devant le restaurant?

How would you say this in French?

It’s in front of you.

It's in front of you. C’est devant vous / toi.

How would you say this in French?

It’s in front of him.

It's in front of him. C’est devant lui.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel is in front of the beach.

The hotel is in front of the beach. L’hôtel est devant la plage.

Here's your next word for this lesson:

derrière It means “behind” You pronounce it “deh-ree-air”

So, how would you say this in French?

It’s behind the restaurant.

It’s behind the restaurant. C’est derrière le restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

It’s behind Pierre.

It’s behind Pierre. C’est derrière Pierre.

WORD LIST SO FAR devant – in front of derrière – behind

How would you say this in French?

I’m behind him.

I’m behind him. Je suis derrière lui.

How would you say this in French?

I live behind Marie.

I live behind Marie. J’habite derrière Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is behind the car.

Everything is behind the car. Tout est derrière la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Pierre are in the car behind me.

Marie and Pierre are in the car behind me. Marie et Pierre sont dans la voiture derrière moi.

Now, we’ve had the word “là”, which means “there”, but we can add a little bit to the end of it:

là-bas It means “over there” You pronounce it “lah bah”

How would you say this in French?

It’s over there.

It’s over there. C’est là-bas.

How would you say this in French?

Was it over there?

Was it over there? Est-ce que c’était là-bas?

In English, you might hear people say “Hi there”, whereas in French they tend to say “Hi over there” instead. So, how would you translate this?

Hi there.

Hi there. Salut là-bas.

How would you say this?

The car isn’t here; it’s over there.

The car isn’t here; it’s over there. La voiture n’est pas ici; elle est là-bas.

How would you say this?

Everybody is over there, behind the hotel.

Everybody is over there, behind the hotel. Tout le monde est là-bas, derrière l’hôtel.

How would you say this?

The room is over there, in front of the swimming pool.

The room is over there, in front of the swimming pool. La chambre est là-bas, devant la piscine.

Here's a useful phrase that has a couple of meanings:

juste It means “just” or “fair” You pronounce it “jshoost” It can mean “just” in any sense of the word, whether it be “just a minute” or “a just cause”

How would you say this in French?

Just a moment, please.

Just a moment, please. Juste un moment, s’il vous plaît.

WORD LIST SO FAR devant – in front of derrière – behind là-bas – over there juste – just / fair

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t fair!

It isn’t fair! Ce n’est pas juste!

How would you ask this in French?

It’s just over there.

It's just over there. C’est juste là-bas.

How would you say this?

I would just like a coffee.

I would just like a coffee. Je voudrais juste un café.

How would you say this?

Just a wine for me, please, and a coke for him.

Just a wine for me, please, and a coke for him. Juste un vin pour moi, s’il vous plaît, et un coca pour lui.

How would you say this?

It was just before three o’clock.

It was just before three o’clock. C’était juste avant trois heures.

How would you say this?

Michel is always very fair.

Michel is always very fair. Michel est toujours très juste.

How would you say this?

We’re going to France just for a week.

We’re going to France just for a week. Nous allons en France juste pour une semaine.

How would you say this?

I would like a room just for one night, please.

I would like a room just for one night, please. Je voudrais une chambre juste pour une nuit, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this?

It’s just me.

It’s just me. C’est juste moi.

This next phrase is a funny looking one:

à côté de It means “next to” You pronounce it “ah coh-teh deugh” Literally, it means "at side of”

À CÔTÉ DE The phrase “à côté de” means “next to” (or literally, “at side of”) and it ends in a “de”. Don’t forget that the word “de” joins together with “le” and “les”

DE + LE = DU DE + LES = DES So, if you put a masculine or plural noun after “à côté de”, you get “à côté du” or “à côté des" :

à côté du restaurant next to the restaurant

à côté des magasins next to the shops If the noun is feminine, you don’t have to worry:

à côté de la voiture next to the car

How would you say this in French?

It’s next to the restaurant.

It’s next to the restaurant. C’est à côté du restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Is it next to me?

Is it next to me? Est-ce que c’est à côté de moi?

WORD LIST SO FAR devant – in front of derrière – behind là-bas – over there juste – just / fair à côté de – next to

How would you say this in French?

The cinema is next to the hotel.

The cinema is next to the hotel. Le cinéma est à côté de l’hôtel.

How would you ask this in French?

Is it next to her?

Is it next to her? Est-ce que c’est à côté d’elle?

How would you say this?

The key is next to my passport.

The key is next to my passport. La clé est à côté de mon passeport.

How would you say this?

The room is next to the restaurant.

The room is next to the restaurant. La chambre est à côté du restaurant.

How would you say this?

The hotel is just next to the beach.

The hotel is just next to the beach. L’hôtel est juste à côté de la plage.

Here’s your next phrase for this lesson:

à … (kilo)mètres de It means “… (kilo)metres from” You pronounce it “ah … (key-loh) mehtr deugh”

It’s 10km from here This can sometimes be confusing for English speakers. Well, not confusing but just an odd thing to do. In French, if you want to say something like, “it’s 10km from here”, you have to say “c’est à dix kilomètres d’ici”. The little “à” means nothing in this situation in English, but it can’t be left out. So, remember, when you’re saying how far something is, don’t forget the “à”.

c'est à cent mètres de ma maison it’s 100m from my house Oh, and in French, they rarely ever use miles. In fact, most people won’t understand what they are, so always use kilometres when you’re in France. That’s a handy tip to remember no matter where you are in Europe!

So, how would you say this in French?

The restaurant is 100 metres from the beach.

The restaurant is 100 metres from the beach. Le restaurant est à cent mètres de la plage.

How would you say this in French?

It’s 2 kilometres from here.

It's 2 kilometres from here. C’est à deux kilomètres d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel is just 30 metres from the beach.

The hotel is just 30 metres from the beach. L’hôtel est à juste trente mètres de la plage.

How would you say this?:

Marie is 2 kilometres from me.

Marie is 2 kilometres from me. Marie est à deux kilomètres de moi.

How would you say this in French?

I live 5 kilometres from the Eiffel Tower.

I live 5 kilometres from the Eiffel Tower. J’habite à cinq kilomètres de la Tour Eiffel.

How would you say this in French?

We are one kilometre from you.

We are one kilometre from you. Nous sommes à un kilomètre de vous.

WORD LIST SO FAR devant – in front of derrière – behind là-bas – over there juste – just / fair à côté de – next to à … (kilo)mètres de – … (kilo)metres from

Here’s your final phrase for this lesson:

au fond (de) It means “at the back (of)” You pronounce it “oh fon(g) deugh”

Au fond (de) The phrase “au fond” can be used with or without the “de” after it. If you use it by itself, it just means “at the back”.

tout est au fond everything is at the back However, if you want to say “at the back of…” something, then you have to use the word “de” for “of”.

tout est au fond du restaurant everything is at the back of the restaurant The same “de” rules apply with this phrase: de + le = du de + les = des de + la = de la de + l’ = de l’

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is at the back.

Pierre is at the back. Pierre est au fond.

How would you say this in French?

The toilets are at the back of the restaurant.

The toilets are at the back of the restaurant. Les toilettes sont au fond du restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

The toilets are just at the back.

The toilets are just at the back. Les toilettes sont juste au fond.

How would you say this in French?

What is there at the back of the hotel?

What is there at the back of the hotel? Qu’y a-t-il au fond de l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

Was it at the back of the cinema?

Was it at the back of the cinema? Est-ce que c’était au fond du cinéma?

How would you say this in French?

We’re at the back of the train.

We’re at the back of the train. Nous sommes au fond du train.

How would you say this in French?

Why are you at the back of the bus?

Why are you at the back of the bus? Pourquoi es-tu au fond du bus? / Pourquoi êtes-vous au fond du bus?

Au fond (de) – a little note There’s just a little thing I wanted to say about the phrase “au fond de”. Literally, it means “at the bottom of”, so when you use it to say “at the back of the bus” or “at the back of the restaurant”, it literally means “at the bottom of the bus” or “at the bottom of the restaurant”. It’s talking about the inside at the back, rather than at the back on the outside. If you want to say something is “at the back” and you mean it’s “behind”, then you can use the word we’ve already learnt: derrière

au fond de at the back of / at the bottom of So, because it can also mean “at the bottom of”, here are a few nice phrases:

au fond de moi deep down (inside myself)

dans le fond de mon sac in the bottom of my bag

du fond de mon coeur from the bottom of my heart WORD LIST SO FAR devant – in front of derrière – behind là-bas – over there juste – just / fair à côté de – next to à … (kilo)mètres de – … (kilo)metres from au fond (de) – at the back (of) / at the bottom (of)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

It's just here, in front of me The bus stop isn't here; it's over there I am behind the bus Was it next to the hotel? The children are next to the beach It's thirty kilometres from the hotel The toilets are next to the bar We ate at the back of the restaurant yesterday, next to the toilets, and it was terrible 9. Was it next to her? 10. It isn't fair

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

C’est juste ici, devant moi L’arrêt de bus n’est pas ici; il est là-bas Je suis derrière le bus Est-ce que c’était à côté de l’hôtel? Les enfants sont à côté de la plage C’est à trente kilomètres de l’hôtel Les toilettes sont à côté du bar Nous avons mangé au fond du restaurant hier, à côté des toilettes, et c’était terrible 9. Est-ce que c’était à côté d’elle? 10. Ce n’est pas juste

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Le cinéma est juste à deux kilomètres de l’hôtel 2. C’est juste devant l’hôtel 3. Pierre est derrière moi maintenant 4. Marie était juste derrière moi il y a cinq minutes 5. Elle n’est pas là-bas maintenant 6. Cela n’est pas ma voiture; ma voiture est là-bas, derrière le bus 7. Ils sont au fond du train 8. Qu’y a-t-il derrière l’hôtel? 9. Y a-t-il un jardin derrière l’hôtel? 10. Ce n’est pas loin; c’est juste là-bas

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

The cinema is just two kilometres from the hotel It's just in front of the hotel Pierre is behind me now Marie was just behind me five minutes ago She isn't over there now That isn't my car; my car is over there, behind the bus They're at the back of the train What is there behind the hotel? Is there a garden behind the hotel? It isn't far; it's just over there

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Excuse me, the bill, please What time is the bus for the town centre? I would like to go to the bank Are you going to have dinner now? I would like a bottle of wine, how much is it? What time is lunch? Pierre is there I'm not at the hotel Haven't I brought everything with me? At the roundabout, take the first exit

1. Excusez-moi, l’addition, s’il vous plaît 2. À quelle heure est le bus pour le centre-ville 3. Je voudrais aller à la banque 4. Vas-tu / Allez-vous prendre le dîner maintenant? 5. Je voudrais une bouteille de vin, c’est combien? 6. À quelle heure est le déjeuner? 7. Pierre est là 8. Je ne suis pas à l’hôtel 9. N’ai-je pas apporté tout avec moi? 10. Au rond-point, prenez la première sortie

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais essayer le poulet aujourd’hui parce que j’ai commandé la dinde hier 2. Vas-tu aller à Paris? 3. Où est la gare? 4. Je voudrais commander juste une bouteille d’eau; j’ai bu assez de vin aujourd’hui 5. Je vais la faire pour trois heures 6. Voulez-vous essayer un peu de ce fromage? 7. Ce restaurant est ici depuis vingt-cinq ans 8. J’aime le manteau vert mais il est assez cher 9. Nous avons acheté trop de nourriture 10. Je l’aime en métal mais c’est moins cher en bois

1. I would like to try the chicken today because I ordered the turkey yesterday 2. Are you going to go to Paris? 3. Where is the train station? 4. I would just like to order a bottle of water; I’ve drunk enough wine today 5. I'm going to make it (the reservation) for three o'clock 6. Do you want to try a bit of this cheese? 7. This restaurant has been here for twenty-five years 8. I like the green coat but it's quite expensive 9. We've bought too much food 10. I like it in metal but it is less expensive in wood

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. next to 2. I like 3. in / to (referring to country) 4. from abroad 5. in front of 6. don't you like it? (informal) 7. do you like? (formal) 8. I live / I'm living 9. just / fair 10. (on) the 3rd December 11. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 12. year (when saying how many years) 13. last June 14. abroad 15. enough + noun 16. over there 17. don't you like? (informal) 18. next Wednesday 19. where do you come from? (formal) 20. since 21. I come from

22. wasn't it…? 23. until 24. in France / to France 25. the holidays 26. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 27. … (time) ago 28. it's easy to speak French 29. next month 30. in Paris / to Paris 31. on holiday 32. do you like? (informal) 33. next year 34. from where 35. do you live? / are you living? (formal) 36. last year 37. I speak / I'm speaking 38. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 39. I don't come / I'm not coming 40. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 41. in / to (referring to town or city) 42. in June 43. I don't like 44. until December

45. do you like it? (formal) 46. … (kilo)metres from 47. do you like it? (informal) 48. don't you like it? (formal) 49. I didn't go 50. behind 51. (on) the first December 52. a long time 53. quite / rather / enough 54. where do you come from? (informal) 55. is it…? 56. (on) Wednesday 57. (to) spend (time) 58. this year 59. last month 60. was it…? 61. next June 62. I come / I'm coming 63. are you coming / do you come (informal) 64. every Wednesday evening 65. every Wednesday morning 66. this month 67. at the back (of) / at the bottom (of)

68. do you live? / are you living? (informal) 69. this week 70. isn't it…? 71. last week 72. I went 73. don't you like? (formal) 74. next week 75. are you coming / do you come (formal) 76. I live in 77. last Wednesday 78. every Wednesday 79. on Wednesdays

1. à côté de 2. j'aime 3. en 4. de l'étranger 5. devant 6. ne l'aimes-tu pas? 7. aimez-vous? 8. j'habite 9. juste 10. le trois décembre 11. parles-tu 12. an 13. en juin dernier 14. à l'étranger 15. assez de + noun 16. là-bas 17. n'aimes-tu pas? 18. mercredi prochain 19. d'où venez-vous? 20. depuis 21. je viens de 22. est-ce que ce n'était pas…? 23. jusqu'à

24. en France 25. les vacances 26. parlez-vous 27. il y a … (time) 28. c'est facile de parler français 29. le mois prochain 30. à Paris 31. en vacances 32. aimes-tu? 33. l'année prochaine 34. d'où 35. habitez-vous? 36. l'année dernière 37. je parle 38. ne venez-vous pas 39. je ne viens de 40. ne viens-tu pas 41. à 42. en juin 43. je n'aime pas 44. jusqu'en décembre 45. l'aimez-vous? 46. à … (kilo)mètres de

47. l'aimes-tu? 48. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 49. je ne suis pas allé(e) 50. derrière 51. le premier décembre 52. longtemps 53. assez 54. d'où viens-tu? 55. est-ce que c'est…? 56. mercredi 57. passer 58. cettee année 59. le mois dernier 60. est-ce que c'était…? 61. en juin prochain 62. je viens 63. viens-tu 64. tous les mercredis soir 65. tous les mercredis matin 66. ce mois 67. au fond (de) 68. habites-tu? 69. cette semaine

70. est-ce que ce n'est pas…? 71. la semaine dernière 72. je suis allé(e) 73. n'aimez-vous pas? 74. la semaine prochaine 75. venez-vous 76. j'habite à / en 77. mercredi dernier 78. tous les mercredis 79. le mercredi

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons fifty-seven to fifty-nine of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixty to sixty-two, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 60 – 62 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 57-59”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 60 LESSON 61 LESSON 62 Merci

LESSON 60 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? in front of behind over there just / fair next to … (kilo)metres from at the back of If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson:

à pied It means “on foot”, but you can use it to mean “walk” You pronounce it “ah pee-eh”

How would you ask this in French?

I want to go on foot. (You can use this to mean “I want to walk”)

I want to go on foot. Je veux aller à pied.

So, the phrase “aller à pied” literally means “to go on foot”, but it can also mean this:

aller à pied It means “to walk” You pronounce it “ah-leh ah pee-eh”

How would you say this in French?

Can I walk?

Can I walk? Puis-je aller à pied?

How would you say this in French?

Is it possible to go there on foot?

Is it possible to go there on foot? Est-ce que c’est possible d’aller là à pied?

How would you say this in French?

It’s twenty minutes on foot.

It's twenty minutes on foot. C’est vingt minutes à pied.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to walk to the restaurant? It’s just thirty minutes from here on foot.

Do you want to walk to the restaurant? It’s just thirty minutes from here on foot. Voulez-vous / Veux-tu aller au restaurant à pied? Il est juste trente minutes d’ici à pied.

How would you say this in French?

I walked.

I walked. Je suis allé à pied. *Literally, it means "I went on foot"

How would you say this in French?

I have a car but I prefer walking.

I have a car but I prefer walking. J’ai une voiture mais je préfère aller à pied.

How would you say this in French?

I’m very tired and I don’t want to walk.

I’m very tired and I don’t want to walk. Je suis très fatigué et je ne veux pas aller à pied.

How would you say this in French?

Are you walking to the shop?

Are you walking to the shop? Allez-vous / Vas-tu à pied au magasin?

So, “à pied” means “on foot”, but if you don’t like walking, you can always use this next phrase:

en voiture It means “by car” You pronounce it “on(g) vwah-ture”

How would you ask this in French?

It’s an hour by car.

It's an hour by car. C’est une heure en voiture.

WORD LIST SO FAR à pied – on foot aller à pied – to go on foot / to walk en voiture – by car

How would you say this in French?

I went by car.

I went by car. Je suis allé en voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to go on foot or by car?

Do you want to go on foot or by car? Voulez-vous / Veux-tu aller à pied ou en voiture?

How would you say this in French?

I like walking but I prefer to go by car.

I like walking but I prefer to go by car. J’aime aller à pied mais je préfère aller en voiture.

How would you say this in French?

It’s quicker by car.

It's quicker by car. C’est plus rapide en voiture.

How would you say this in French?

It’s less expensive by car.

It's less expensive by car. C’est moins cher en voiture.

Sticking with the same theme, here’s your next phrase for this lesson:

en train It means “by train” or “on the train” You pronounce it “on(g) tran(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to go by train; it’s quicker if I go by car.

I don’t want to go by train; it’s quicker if I go by car. Je ne veux pas aller en train; c’est plus rapide si je vais en voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to go with me to Paris on the train?

Do you want to go with me to Paris on the train? Voulez-vous / Veux-tu aller avec moi à Paris en train?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going there on the train tomorrow.

I’m going there on the train tomorrow. Je vais là en train demain.

How would you say this in French?

It’s too expensive to go by train.

It’s too expensive to go by train. C’est trop cher d’aller en train.

TRANSPORT Whenever you want to say how you’re getting somewhere, you always use the word “en” plus the method of transport

en voiture by car

en train by train

en bateau by boat

en avion by plane

en car by coach There are only two exceptions to this:

à pied on foot

à cheval on horseback / by horse

So, how would you ask this in French?

Are you going to Spain by plane or by boat?

Are you going to Spain by plane or by boat? Vas-tu / Allez-vous en Espagne en avion ou en bateau?

How would you say this in French?

I went to France by plane last year, but this year, I’m going there by train.

I went to France by plane last year, but this year, I’m going there by train. Je suis allé en France en avion l’année dernière, mais cette année, je vais là en train.

What would be the two ways to say this in French?

Next month, we’re going to Germany by train, but my ticket was very expensive.

Next month, we’re going to Germany by train, but my ticket was quite expensive. Le mois prochain, nous allons en Allemagne en train, mais mon billet était assez cher.

WORD LIST SO FAR à pied – on foot aller à pied – to go on foot / to walk en voiture – by car en train – by train / on the train en bateau – by boat en avion – by plane en car – by coach à cheval – on horseback / by horse

How would you say this in French?

Why are you walking to the supermarket?

Why are you walking to the supermarket? Pourquoi vas-tu / allez-vous à pied au supermarché?

This next phrase is a two-in-one phrase:

le trajet (dure) It means “the journey (takes/lasts)” You pronounce it “leugh trah-jsheh (deughr)”

The journey You can use the word “le trajet” by itself to mean “the journey”. You can be more specific about the journey by putting the “en train”, “en bus”, “en voiture” phrases on the end.

le trajet en bus the bus journey

le trajet en voiture the car journey

le trajet en train the train journey The word “dure” means “lasts” (it’s related to the English word “duration”), and you can use it to say how long anything lasts. In English, when we say how long a journey lasts, we sometimes use the word “takes” instead.

le trajet dure vingt minutes the journey lasts / takes twenty minutes

How would you say this in French?

The journey to France takes two hours.

The journey to France takes two hours. Le trajet en France dure deux heures.

How would you say this in French?

The journey takes five minutes.

The journey takes five minutes. Le trajet dure cinq minutes.

How would you say this in French?

The journey takes just twenty minutes by car.

The journey takes just twenty minutes by car. Le trajet dure juste vingt minutes en voiture.

How would you say this in France?

The journey is three days by coach.

The journey is three days by coach. Le trajet est trois jours en car.

WORD LIST SO FAR à pied – on foot aller à pied – to go on foot / to walk en voiture – by car en train – by train / on the train en bateau – by boat en avion – by plane en car – by coach à cheval – on horseback / by horse le trajet (dure) – the journey (lasts / takes)

How would you say this in French?

I live in London, but I go to Birmingham by train every Friday, and the journey takes two hours.

I live in London, but I go to Birmingham by train every Friday, and the journey takes two hours. J’habite à Londres, mais je vais à Birmingham en train tous les vendredis, et le trajet dure deux heures.

See if you can work out how to say this in French:

Can I go by plane? I don’t want to go by coach because the journey takes two days.

Can I go by plane? I don’t want to go by coach because the journey takes two days. Puis-je aller en avion? Je ne veux pas aller en car parce que le trajet dure deux jours.

How would you say this in French?

The journey is three hours on foot from here.

The journey is three hours on foot from here. Le trajet est trois heures à pied d’ici.

How would you say this in French?

The film lasts two hours.

The film lasts two hours. Le film dure deux heures.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very beautiful here but the journey takes a long time.

It’s very beautiful here but the journey takes a long time. C’est très beau ici mais le trajet dure longtemps.

WORD LIST SO FAR à pied – on foot aller à pied – to go on foot / to walk en voiture – by car en train – by train / on the train en bateau – by boat en avion – by plane en car – by coach à cheval – on horseback / by horse le trajet (dure) – the journey (lasts / takes)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4.

I'm walking to the restaurant tonight; do you want to come with me? It's just ten minutes from here on foot I'm sorry but I'm too tired and I don't want to walk Why are you going in the car? It isn't very far from here, we can walk, if you want 5. I have to go on the train but it's quite expensive 6. I'm going to Marseille by boat 7. Are you going to France by plane? 8. The journey takes an hour by coach 9. I went by coach last year but I would like to go by plane this year because it's much quicker 10. I'm going to Paris by taxi

1. Je vais à pied au restaurant ce soir; veux-tu / voulez-vous venir avec moi? 2. C’est juste dix minutes d’ici à pied 3. Je suis désolé mais je suis trop fatigué et je ne veux pas aller à pied 4. Pourquoi vas-tu / allez-vous en voiture? Ce n’est pas très loin d’ici, nous pouvons aller à pied, si tu veux / vous voulez 5. Je dois aller en train mais c’est assez cher 6. Je vais à Marseille en bateau 7. Vas-tu / Allez-vous en France en avion? 8. Le trajet dure une heure en car 9. Je suis allé en car l’année dernière mais je voudrais aller en avion cette année parce que c’est beaucoup plus rapide 10. Je vais à Paris en taxi

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Nous allons visiter la ville à cheval 2. Je dois aller en car parce que c’est trop cher d’aller en avion 3. Combien de temps est le trajet à Marseille? 4. Je ne veux pas aller en bateau parce que j’ai le mal de mer 5. J’aime aller en train mais c’est plus rapide en avion 6. Je préfère aller à pied mais je n’ai pas le temps; je vais en voiture 7. Pourquoi ne vas-tu pas à pied à l’hôtel? 8. La plage n’est pas loin d’ici, nous pouvons aller là à pied 9. Devez-vous aller en voiture? 10. Le trajet dure cinq heures en bateau

1. We're going to visit the town on horseback 2. I have to go by coach because it's too expensive to go by plane 3. How long is the journey to Marseille? 4. I don't want to go by boat because I get (I have) seasick 5. I like going by train but it's quicker by plane 6. I prefer walking but I don't have the time; I'm going in the car 7. Why aren't you walking to the hotel? 8. The beach isn't far from here, we can walk there 9. Do you have to go by car? 10. The journey takes five hours by boat

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. Has Pierre sold the house? 2. Take the third road on the right and then the first road on the left 3. I'm going to have lunch now 4. I'm going to change it 5. I am behind the bus 6. It isn't very good for her 7. There are lots of people in Paris today 8. May I have two coffees without sugar, please? 9. I would like some trousers 10. Dinner is at eight o'clock

1. Pierre a-t-il vendu la maison? 2. Prenez la troisième rue à droite et puis la première rue à gauche 3. Je vais prendre le déjeuner maintenant 4. Je vais le changer 5. Je suis derrière le bus 6. Ce n’est pas très bon pour elle 7. Il y a beaucoup de personnes à Paris aujourd’hui 8. Puis-je avoir deux cafés sans sucre, s’il vous plaît? 9. Je voudrais des pantalons 10. Le dîner est à vingt heures

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Oui, s’il vous plaît, trois allers simples pour Bretagne 2. J’ai une réservation pour quatre personnes et je suis monsieur Vert 3. Ҫa c’est trop grand 4. Je voudrais changer ma réservation, si c’est possible 5. Tournez à droite et c’est là 6. Bonjour monsieur Depardieu, comment allez-vous? 7. Un peu moins pour moi, s’il vous plaît 8. Avez-vous cette chemise en orange? 9. C’est à douze heures et demie 10. Avez-vous du beurre?

1. Yes, please, three single tickets for Brittany 2. I have a reservation for four people and I am Mr Vert 3. That's too big 4. I would like to change my reservation, if it's possible 5. Turn right and it's there 6. Hello Mr Depardieu, how are you? 7. A bit less for me, please 8. Do you have this shirt in orange? 9. It's at half past twelve 10. Do you have any butter?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. next Wednesday 2. last Wednesday 3. where do you come from? (formal) 4. in front of 5. on foot 6. I come from 7. I speak / I'm speaking 8. next year 9. to go on foot / to walk 10. on holiday 11. until 12. I live / I'm living 13. (on) Wednesday 14. isn't it…? 15. from abroad 16. next June 17. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 18. since 19. by car 20. do you live? / are you living? (informal) 21. in / to (referring to country)

22. where do you come from? (informal) 23. at the back (of) / at the bottom (of) 24. last month 25. do you like? (formal) 26. don't you like? (informal) 27. over there 28. last June 29. I didn't go 30. are you coming / do you come (formal) 31. do you live? / are you living? (formal) 32. in Paris / to Paris 33. a long time 34. in June 35. are you coming / do you come (informal) 36. it's easy to speak French 37. I like 38. I don't come / I'm not coming 39. every Wednesday morning 40. enough + noun 41. I come / I'm coming 42. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 43. by coach 44. do you like it? (informal)

45. the journey (lasts / takes) 46. next to 47. on horseback / by horse 48. wasn't it…? 49. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 50. this year 51. by boat 52. this week 53. the holidays 54. (on) the first December 55. year (when saying how many years) 56. in / to (referring to town or city) 57. next week 58. don't you like it? (informal) 59. just / fair 60. do you like it? (formal) 61. I went 62. every Wednesday evening 63. … (kilo)metres from 64. don't you like? (formal) 65. I don't like 66. from where 67. until December

68. (to) spend (time) 69. was it…? 70. last year 71. do you like? (informal) 72. on Wednesdays 73. by train / on the train 74. abroad 75. every Wednesday 76. by plane 77. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 78. (on) the 3rd December 79. is it…? 80. in France / to France 81. I live in 82. next month 83. last week 84. … (time) ago 85. this month 86. don't you like it? (formal) 87. quite / rather / enough 88. behind

1. mercredi prochain 2. mercredi dernier 3. d'où venez-vous? 4. devant 5. à pied 6. je viens de 7. je parle 8. l'année prochaine 9. aller à pied 10. en vacances 11. jusqu'à 12. j'habite 13. mercredi 14. est-ce que ce n'est pas…? 15. de l'étranger 16. en juin prochain 17. parles-tu 18. depuis 19. en voiture 20. habites-tu? 21. en 22. d'où viens-tu? 23. au fond (de)

24. le mois dernier 25. aimez-vous? 26. n'aimes-tu pas? 27. là-bas 28. en juin dernier 29. je ne suis pas allé(e) 30. venez-vous 31. habitez-vous? 32. à Paris 33. longtemps 34. en juin 35. viens-tu 36. c'est facile de parler français 37. j'aime 38. je ne viens de 39. tous les mercredis matin 40. assez de + noun 41. je viens 42. ne venez-vous pas 43. en car 44. l'aimes-tu? 45. le trajet (dure) 46. à côté de

47. à cheval 48. est-ce que ce n'était pas…? 49. ne viens-tu pas 50. cettee année 51. en bateau 52. cette semaine 53. les vacances 54. le premier décembre 55. an 56. à 57. la semaine prochaine 58. ne l'aimes-tu pas? 59. juste 60. l'aimez-vous? 61. je suis allé(e) 62. tous les mercredis soir 63. à … (kilo)mètres de 64. n'aimez-vous pas? 65. je n'aime pas 66. d'où 67. jusqu'en décembre 68. passer 69. est-ce que c'était…?

70. l'année dernière 71. aimes-tu? 72. le mercredi 73. en train 74. à l'étranger 75. tous les mercredis 76. en avion 77. parlez-vous 78. le trois décembre 79. est-ce que c'est…? 80. en France 81. j'habite à / en 82. le mois prochain 83. la semaine dernière 84. il y a … (time) 85. ce mois 86. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 87. assez 88. derrière

LESSON 61 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? on foot to walk / to go on foot by car / in the car by train / on the train by boat by plane by coach on horseback / by horse the journey (lasts / takes) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In this lesson, we’re going to learn a bit more grammar…

The Present Tense The present tense in French is fairly easy, here’s how you do it: STEP 1: Pick any verb and remove the last two letters STEP 2: Put a “vous” in front of it and join -ez to the end Here’s an example with the verb “manger”, which means “to eat”.

MANGER Remove the last two letters MANG… Put “vous” in front and “ez” on the end VOUS MANGEZ And that’s it! “Vous mangez” means “you eat”

So, just to reiterate those two rules. To form the present tense in French, there are two steps: TEP 1: Pick any verb and remove the last two letters TEP 2: Put a “vous” in front of it and join -ez to the end

See if you can have a go at putting these five verbs into the present tense (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

manger (to eat) partir (to leave) aller (to go) vendre (to sell) payer (to pay)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

vous mangez (you eat) vous partez (you leave) vous allez (you go) vous vendez (you sell) vous payez (you pay)

All you have to do is remove the last two letters from the original verb, then put “vous” in front and “ez” on the end. Easy!

You eat / You’re eating Now, in English, there is more than one way to talk in the present tense. For example, you can say “you eat” or “you’re eating”. In French, these are both the same, “vous mangez”. So, whenever you use the present tense in French, it can be translated in two different ways in English: one with an -ing and one without an -ing.

vous mangez you eat / you’re eating vous partez you leave / you’re leaving vous allez you go / you’re going vous vendez you sell / you’re selling vous payez you pay / you’re paying

Pronunciation The letters “ez” are pronounced like an “eh” sound in French. So, in the present tense, all the verbs will end in an “eh” sound. Let’s have a look at a few examples of how you pronounce them.

vous mangez “voo mon-jsheh” vous partez “voo par-teh” vous allez “voo zah-leh” vous vendez “voo von-dez” vous payez “voo pay-yeh”

So, how would you say this in French?

You buy.

You buy. Vous achetez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re buying.

You’re buying. Vous achetez.

How would you say this in French?

You wait.

You wait. Vous attendez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re waiting.

You’re waiting. Vous attendez.

How would you say this in French?

You go out.

You go out. Vous sortez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going out.

You’re going out. Vous sortez.

How would you say this in French?

You go.

You go. Vous allez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going.

You’re going. Vous allez.

How would you say this in French?

You bring.

You bring. Vous apportez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re bringing.

You’re bringing. Vous apportez.

How would you say this in French?

You spend (time).

You spend (time). Vous passez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re spending (time).

You’re spending (time). Vous passez.

How would you say this in French?

You call.

You call. Vous appelez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re calling.

You’re calling. Vous appelez.

How would you say this in French?

You try.

You try. Vous essayez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re trying.

You’re trying. Vous essayez.

How would you say this in French?

You hire.

You hire. Vous louez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re hiring.

You’re hiring. Vous louez.

How would you say this in French?

You change.

You change. Vous changez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re changing.

You’re changing. Vous changez.

How would you say this in French?

You stay.

You stay. Vous restez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re staying.

You’re staying. Vous restez.

How would you say this in French?

You find.

You find. Vous trouvez.

How would you say this in French?

You’re finding.

You’re finding. Vous trouvez.

Irregulars Now, although most of the verbs in French follow the normal rules for forming the present tense, there are a few that do their own thing. They’re not too difficult to learn, so here they are below. I’ve put the normal infinitive in the left column and then the present tense on the right. INFINITIVE

PRESENT TENSE

avoir

vous avez

to have

you have

voir

vous voyez

to see

you see

boire

vous buvez

to drink

you drink

prendre

vous prenez

to take

you take

apprendre

vous apprenez

to learn

you learn

to understand

vous comprenez

finir

vous finissez

to finish

you finish

choisir

vous choisissez

comprendre

to choose

you understand

you choose You’ll notice that even though these eight verbs are classed as “irregular” verbs, they still all end in -ez. Also you might start to see little patterns.

If you look at all the verbs that end in “prendre”, when you put them into the present tense, they all end in “prenez”. It’s almost like with these three verbs, you have to take off the last three letters (-dre) before adding the “ez” to the end: -PRENDRE verbs comprendre – apprendre – prendre vous comprenez – vous apprenez – vous prenez Then you might have noticed how the last two verbs add “issez” to the end once you’ve removed the last two letters: -ISSEZ verbs choisir – finir vous choisissez – vous finissez These little patterns become handy tools to help us remember the irregular verbs. Any little quirks we can latch on to helps the irregular verbs to stick in our minds better.

Pronunciation Let’s have a look at how we pronounce these eight irregular verbs:

vous avez “voo zah-vez” vous voyez “voo vwah-yeh” vous buvez “voo boo-veh” vous prenez “voo preugh-neh” vous apprenez “voo zah-preugh-neh ” vous comprenez “voo com-preugh-neh” vous finissez “voo fi-nee-seh” vous choisissez “voo shwah-zee-seh”

So, we’ve just seen eight irregular verbs that weren’t that irregular; they just had their little weird things that they do when they form the present tense. However, there are three more irregular verbs I want to introduce you to. These three verbs are friends and I call them the “3 T verbs”

The 3 T verbs The 3 T verbs are very, very odd in the present tense. Once you’ve taken the last two letters off the end, you have to add “-tes” to the verb instead of “ez”. They all have a T sound on the end when you pronounce them, and that’s why I call them the “T” verbs. INFINITIVE

PRESENT TENSE

faire

vous faites

to do / to make

you do / you make

dire

vous dites

to say / to tell

you say / you tell

être

vous êtes*

to be

you are

*Because the verb “être” already has a T in the middle, we just add an “es” to the end rather than a “tes” So, try and remember these three verbs. They are not only very odd, but they’re also three of the most useful verbs in French.

êtes – faites – dites

Pronunciation of the 3 T verbs Let’s have a look at how we pronounce the 3 T verbs:

vous faites “voo fet” vous dites “voo deet” vous êtes “voo zet”

How would you say this in French?

You have a lot of food.

You have a lot of food. Vous avez beaucoup de nourriture.

How would you say this in French?

You’re having the same thing as me.

You’re having the same as me. Vous avez la même chose que moi.

How would you say this in French?

You see Marie every Friday.

You see Marie every Friday. Vous voyez Marie tous les vendredis.

How would you say this in French?

You’re seeing Pierre tomorrow.

You’re seeing Pierre tomorrow. Vous voyez Pierre demain.

How would you say this in French?

You drink too much coffee.

You drink too much coffee. Vous buvez trop de café.

How would you say this in French?

You’re drinking my wine.

You’re drinking my wine. Vous buvez mon vin.

How would you say this in French?

You always take too many clothes with you when you go on holiday.

You always take too many clothes with you when you go on holiday. Vous prenez toujours trop de vêtements avec vous quand vous allez en vacances.

How would you say this in French?

You’re taking the train to Paris.

You’re taking the train to Paris. Vous prenez le train à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

You learn a lot of French if you go to France.

You learn a lot of French if you go to France. Vous apprenez beaucoup de français si vous allez en France.

How would you say this in French?

You’re learning English.

You’re learning English. Vous apprenez l’anglais.

How would you say this in French?

You understand quite a lot of French.

You understand quite a lot of French. Vous comprenez assez beaucoup de français.

How would you say this in French?

You finish at seven o’clock on Thursday.

You finish at seven o’clock on Thursday. Vous finissez à sept heures jeudi.

How would you say this in French?

You’re finishing at five o’clock today.

You’re finishing at five o’clock today. Vous finissez à cinq heures aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

You choose the wine.

You choose the wine. Vous choisissez le vin.

How would you say this in French?

You’re choosing everything.

You’re choosing everything. Vous choisissez tout.

How would you say this in French?

You are stupid.

You are stupid. Vous êtes stupide.

How would you say this in French?

You’re being stupid.

You’re being stupid. Vous êtes stupide.

How would you say this in French?

You always do that.

You always do that. Vous faites ҫa toujours.

How would you say this in French?

You’re doing everything tomorrow.

You’re doing everything tomorrow. Vous faites tout demain.

How would you say this in French?

You make everything delicious.

You make everything delicious. Vous faites tout délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

You’re making a cake for me.

You’re making a cake for me. Vous faites un gâteau pour moi.

A little thing to note There’s a useful thing we can do with verbs in the present tense, and that is use them with the word “depuis”. Remember how we learnt the following sorts of phrases a few lessons ago?

j'habite en France depuis trois ans I’ve been living in France for three years je suis ici depuis longtemps I’ve been here for a long time Well, you can use any of the present tense verbs we’ve learnt in this lesson with the word “depuis” to say how long “you” have been doing something for. vous attendez depuis cinq minutes you’ve been waiting for five minutes vous apprenez le français depuis un an you’ve been learning French for a year

FORMING THE PRESENT STEP 1: Remove the last two letters from a verb TEP 2: Put a “vous” in front and join “ez” onto the end For example: TROUVER to find VOUS TROUVEZ you find / you’re finding IRREGULAR VERBS ous avez – you have / you’re having ous voyez – you see / you’re seeing ous buvez – you drink / you’re drinking ous prenez – you take / you’re taking ous apprenez – you learn / you’re learning ous comprenez – you understand / you’re understanding ous finissez – you finish / you’re finishing ous choisissez – you choose / you’re choosing 3 T VERBS ous êtes – you are / you’re being ous dites – you say/tell / you’re saying/telling ous faites – you do/make / you’re doing/making It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. What I’ll do for this lesson’s practice section is give you a list of verbs that we can use to make up some sentences in the present tense. The verbs will include the eight irregulars and the 3 T verbs. 1. attendre – to wait 2. réserver – to reserve 3. vendre – to sell 4. acheter – to buy

5. commencer – to start 6. sortir – to go out 7. partir – to leave 8. apporter – to bring 9. dépenser – to spend (money) 10. passer – to spend (time) 11. appeler – to call 12. essayer – to try 13. payer – to pay 14. louer – to hire 15. aller – to go 16. manger – to eat 17. changer – to change 18. rester – to stay 19. trouver – to find 20. faire – to make / to do 21. être – to be 22. dire – to say / to tell 23. avoir – to have 24. voir – to see 25. boire – to drink 26. prendre – to take 27. comprendre – to understand 28. apprendre – to learn 29. finir – to finish 30. choisir – to choose The first thing we should try and do is put all thirty of these verbs into the present tense. So, see if you can go through them all and change them into the present tense. The answers are on the next page.

Here are the answers: 1. vous attendez – you wait / you’re waiting 2. vous réservez – you reserve / you’re reserving 3. vous vendez – you sell / you’re selling 4. vous achetez – you buy / you’re buying 5. vous commencez – you start / you’re starting 6. vous sortez – you go out / you’re going out 7. vous partez – you leave / you’re leaving 8. vous apportez – you bring / you’re bringing 9. vous dépensez – you spend / you’re spending 10. vous passez – you spend / you’re spending 11. vous appelez – you call / you’re calling 12. vous essayez – you try / you’re trying 13. vous payez – you pay / you’re paying 14. vous louez – you hire / you’re hiring 15. vous allez – you go / you’re going 16. vous mangez – you eat / you’re eating 17. vous changez – you change / you’re changing 18. vous restez – you stay / you’re staying 19. vous trouvez – you find / you’re finding 20. vous faites – you make/do / you’re making/doing 21. vous êtes – you are / you’re being 22. vous dites – you say/tell / you’re saying/telling 23. vous avez – you have / you’re having 24. vous voyez – you see / you’re seeing 25. vous buvez – you drink / you’re drinking 26. vous prenez – you take / you’re taking 27. vous comprenez – you understand 28. vous apprenez – you learn / you’re learning 29. vous finissez – you finish / you’re finishing 30. vous choisissez – you choose / you’re choosing Now let’s have a go at saying some actual sentences in French using the verbs we’ve just been looking at.

1. 2.

You've been waiting here for an hour now You're reserving a table but it isn't necessary because it isn't very busy today 3. You're selling the car 4. You're starting at eight o'clock tomorrow morning 5. You go out with friends every Saturday 6. You're bringing much too much food with you for just one day 7. You're spending a lot of time with Pierre 8. You always pay the bill 9. You always hire a car when you go on holiday to France 10. You're staying at the same hotel as me

1. 2.

Vous attendez ici depuis une heure maintenant Vous réservez une table mais ce n’est pas nécessaire parce que ce n’est pas très occupé aujourd’hui 3. Vous vendez la voiture 4. Vous commencez à huit heures demain matin 5. Vous sortez avec amis tous les samedis 6. Vous apportez trop de nourriture avec vous pour juste un jour 7. Vous passez beaucoup de temps avec Pierre 8. Vous payez toujours l’addition 9. Vous louez toujours une voiture quand vous allez en vacances en France 10. Vous restez au même hôtel que moi

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Vous faites tout difficile pour moi Vous comprenez le français Vous buvez beaucoup de vin ce soir Vous apprenez l’anglais depuis cinq ans maintenant Vous changez de voiture Vous avez le temps d’aller au supermarché Vous prenez le dîner avec Pierre et Marie demain à l’hôtel Vous êtes fatigué Vous dépensez beaucoup d’argent Vous allez au cinéma tous les deux vendredis

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

You're making / You make everything difficult for me You understand French You're drinking a lot of wine tonight You've been learning English for five years now You're changing cars You have the time to go to the supermarket You're having dinner with Pierre and Marie tomorrow at the hotel 8. You're tired 9. You're spending a lot of money 10. You go to the cinema every other Friday

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

We didn't buy a souvenir for you last week in Paris because we didn't have enough money 2. I'm in front of the restaurant 3. Do you have a map for him as well? 4. Where are you? 5. That's too big 6. I'm going to eat that 7. The breakfast is perfect 8. I ate at this restaurant two weeks ago, and the food was delicious 9. How much is it for five days? 10. Where do you want to have dinner tomorrow?

1.

Nous n’avons pas acheté un souvenir pour toi / pour vous la semaine dernière à Paris parce que nous n’avons pas eu assez d’argent 2. Je suis devant le restaurant 3. As-tu / Avez-vous un plan pour lui aussi? 4. Où es-tu / êtes-vous? 5. Ҫa c’est trop grand 6. Je vais manger ҫa 7. Le petit-déjeuner est parfait 8. J’ai mangé à ce restaurant il y a deux semaines, et la nourriture était délicieuse 9. C’est combien pour cinq jours? 10. Où veux-tu / voulez-vous prendre le dîner demain?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Depuis quand habitez-vous ici? 2. Vas-tu prendre du vin? 3. C’est vingt-et-un euros par personne 4. Cet hôtel est absolument extraordinaire 5. Excusez-moi, c’est combien cette bouteille de vin rouge? 6. Il est trois heures moins le quart 7. Elle est plus fatiguée maintenant 8. Ce n’est pas très juste 9. Que veux-tu faire plus tard? 10. N’ont-ils pas choisi?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

How long have you been living here? Are you going to have some wine? It's twenty-one euros per person This hotel is absolutely extraordinary Excuse me, how much is this bottle of red wine? It's quarter to three She is more tired now It isn't very fair What do you want to do later? Haven't they chosen?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. a long time 2. don't you like? (formal) 3. enough + noun 4. just / fair 5. do you like? (informal) 6. is it…? 7. I speak / I'm speaking 8. wasn't it…? 9. last Wednesday 10. (to) spend (time) 11. until 12. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 13. the holidays 14. over there 15. do you like it? (formal) 16. until December 17. on foot 18. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 19. you understand 20. isn't it…? 21. where do you come from? (informal)

22. are you coming / do you come (formal) 23. from where 24. next Wednesday 25. last year 26. every Wednesday morning 27. you see / you're seeing 28. this month 29. in Paris / to Paris 30. on Wednesdays 31. I come / I'm coming 32. since 33. do you like? (formal) 34. to go on foot / to walk 35. in / to (referring to country) 36. I went 37. next week 38. every Wednesday evening 39. this week 40. on horseback / by horse 41. quite / rather / enough 42. was it…? 43. you say / you tell 44. last week

45. every Wednesday 46. in June 47. you learn / you're learning 48. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 49. (on) the first December 50. don't you like it? (formal) 51. year (when saying how many years) 52. I don't come / I'm not coming 53. (on) the 3rd December 54. in / to (referring to town or city) 55. you drink / you're drinking 56. you do / you make 57. you have / you're having 58. at the back (of) / at the bottom (of) 59. do you like it? (informal) 60. … (time) ago 61. I like 62. by car 63. you choose / you're choosing 64. by train / on the train 65. I come from 66. … (kilo)metres from 67. are you coming / do you come (informal)

68. behind 69. this year 70. (on) Wednesday 71. by plane 72. I didn't go 73. where do you come from? (formal) 74. by boat 75. next June 76. in front of 77. do you live? / are you living? (informal) 78. next month 79. the journey (lasts / takes) 80. do you live? / are you living? (formal) 81. I live / I'm living 82. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 83. in France / to France 84. on holiday 85. you are / you're being 86. I don't like 87. don't you like it? (informal) 88. last June 89. you take / you're taking 90. next year

91. it's easy to speak French 92. don't you like? (informal) 93. from abroad 94. next to 95. abroad 96. I live in 97. you finish / you're finishing 98. by coach 99. last month

1. longtemps 2. n'aimez-vous pas? 3. assez de + noun 4. juste 5. aimes-tu? 6. est-ce que c'est…? 7. je parle 8. est-ce que ce n'était pas…? 9. mercredi dernier 10. passer 11. jusqu'à 12. ne viens-tu pas 13. les vacances 14. là-bas 15. l'aimez-vous? 16. jusqu'en décembre 17. à pied 18. parlez-vous 19. vous comprenez 20. est-ce que ce n'est pas…? 21. d'où viens-tu? 22. venez-vous 23. d'où

24. mercredi prochain 25. l'année dernière 26. tous les mercredis matin 27. vous voyez 28. ce mois 29. à Paris 30. le mercredi 31. je viens 32. depuis 33. aimez-vous? 34. aller à pied 35. en 36. je suis allé(e) 37. la semaine prochaine 38. tous les mercredis soir 39. cette semaine 40. à cheval 41. assez 42. est-ce que c'était…? 43. vous dites 44. la semaine dernière 45. tous les mercredis 46. en juin

47. vous apprenez 48. parles-tu 49. le premier décembre 50. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 51. an 52. je ne viens de 53. le trois décembre 54. à 55. vous buvez 56. vous faites 57. vous avez 58. au fond (de) 59. l'aimes-tu? 60. il y a … (time) 61. j'aime 62. en voiture 63. vous choisissez 64. en train 65. je viens de 66. à … (kilo)mètres de 67. viens-tu 68. derrière 69. cettee année

70. mercredi 71. en avion 72. je ne suis pas allé(e) 73. d'où venez-vous? 74. en bateau 75. en juin prochain 76. devant 77. habites-tu? 78. le mois prochain 79. le trajet (dure) 80. habitez-vous? 81. j'habite 82. ne venez-vous pas 83. en France 84. en vacances 85. vous êtes 86. je n'aime pas 87. ne l'aimes-tu pas? 88. en juin dernier 89. vous prenez 90. l'année prochaine 91. c'est facile de parler français 92. n'aimes-tu pas?

93. de l'étranger 94. à côté de 95. à l'étranger 96. j'habite à / en 97. vous finissez 98. en car 99. le mois dernier

LESSON 62 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? you do / you’re doing you are / you’re being you say / you’re saying you have / you’re having you see / you’re seeing you drink / you’re drinking you take / you’re taking you understand you learn / you’re learning you wait / you’re waiting If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In this lesson we’ll look at how to make something negative…

The Negative Present Tense Now, I know we’ve mentioned negatives before, but I just thought we should go over it again to make sure it’s 100% clear. To make something negative in French, all you have to do is put a “ne” in front of the verb and then a “pas” after it.

VOUS MANGEZ you eat VOUS NE MANGEZ PAS you don’t eat

See if you can have a go at making these five present tense verbs negative (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

vous mangez (you eat) vous partez (you leave) vous allez (you go) vous vendez (you sell) vous payez (you pay)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

vous ne mangez pas (you don’t eat) vous ne partez pas (you don’t leave) vous n’allez pas (you don’t go) vous ne vendez pas (you don’t sell) vous ne payez pas (you don’t pay)

All you have to do is put a “ne” in front of the verb, and a “pas” after it. Easy!

You don’t eat / You’re not eating Now, in English, there is more than one way to talk in the negative present tense. For example, you can say “you don’t eat” or “you’re not eating”. In French, these are both the same, “vous ne mangez pas”. So, whenever you use the negative present tense in French, it can mean two things in English.

vous ne mangez pas you don’t eat / you’re not eating vous ne partez pas you don’t leave / you’re not leaving vous n’allez pas you don’t go / you’re not going vous ne vendez pas you don’t sell / you’re not selling vous ne payez pas you don’t pay / you’re not paying How would you say this in French?

You don’t buy any vegetables.

You don’t buy any vegetables. Vous n’achetez pas de légumes.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not buying enough food.

You’re not buying enough food. Vous n’achetez pas assez de nourriture.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not waiting here.

You’re not waiting here. Vous n’attendez pas ici.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not going out until 8pm.

You’re not going out until 8pm. Vous ne sortez pas jusqu’à vingt heures.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not going to France until next Wednesday.

You’re not going to France until next Wednesday. Vous n’allez pas en France jusqu’à mercredi prochain.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not staying at the hotel; you’re staying at mine.

You’re not staying at the hotel; you’re staying at mine. Vous ne restez pas à l’hôtel; vous restez chez moi.

How would you say this in French?

You don’t have enough time to visit the Eiffel Tower today.

You don’t have enough time to visit the Eiffel Tower today. Vous n’avez pas assez de temps de visiter la Tour Eiffel aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not going to France by plane; you’re taking the train.

You’re not going to France by plane; you’re taking the train. Vous n’allez pas en France en avion; vous prenez le train.

How would you say this in French?

You don’t understand.

You don’t understand. Vous ne comprenez pas.

How would you say this in French?

You don’t finish until nine o’clock tonight.

You don’t finish until nine o’clock tonight. Vous ne finissez pas jusqu’à vingt-etun heures ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not stupid.

You’re not stupid. Vous n’êtes pas stupide.

FORMING THE NEGATIVE PRESENT TENSE STEP 1: Put a “ne” in front of the verb TEP 2: Put a “pas” after the verb For example: VOUS PARTEZ you leave / you’re leaving VOUS NE PARTEZ PAS you don’t leave / you’re not leaving

So, now we’ve looked at how to form the present tense and how to turn it negative, the next thing we shall look at is how to make the present tense into a question…

Present Tense Questions To make the present tense into a question, all you do is flip the two words around (the two words are actually the pronoun “vous” and a verb). You also need to put a little hyphen in the middle.

VOUS MANGEZ you are eating MANGEZ-VOUS? are you eating? And that’s all you do.

See if you can have a go at turning these five present tense verbs into questions (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

vous mangez (you are eating) vous partez (you are leaving) vous allez (you are going) vous vendez (you are selling) vous payez (you are paying)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

mangez-vous? (are you eating?) partez-vous? (are you leaving?) allez-vous? (are you going?) vendez-vous? (are you selling?) payez-vous? (are you paying?)

All you have to do is flip the “vous” and the verb around, and put a hyphen in the middle. Easy!

Are you speaking? / Do you speak? We’ve seen this phenomenon quite a lot now, the fact that in English, there is more than one way to ask questions in the present tense. For example, you can say “are you eating” or “do you eat”. In French, these are both the same, “mangez-vous”. So, whenever you use ask a question in French, it can mean two things in English.

mangez-vous? do you eat? / are you eating? parlez-vous? do you speak? / are you speaking? allez-vous? do you go? / are you going? buvez-vous? do you drink? / are you drinking? payez-vous? do you pay? / are you paying? Also, one thing that sometimes confuses English speakers who are learning French are the phrases “do you” and “are you” that appear when you ask questions in English.

Parlez-vous franҫais? Do you speak French? / Are you speaking French? In French, the “do you” and “are you” that appear at the start of questions in English just doesn’t exist. Because of this, when you’re asking a question in

French, it might seem like there aren’t enough words or you’re missing something out. So, if you say something like, “do you eat meat?” or “are you speaking English?”, don’t think of the “do you” or the “are you” parts, just think, “you eat meat?” – “mangez-vous de la viande?” or “you speak English?” – “parlez-vous anglais?”

How would you say this in French?

Do you buy much chocolate?

Do you buy much chocolate? Achetez-vous beaucoup de chocolat?

How would you say this in French?

Are you buying something for Pierre?

Are you buying something for Pierre? Achetez-vous quelque chose pour Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you waiting here?

Why are you waiting here? Pourquoi attendez-vous ici?

The verb “attendre”, means “to wait”, but you don’t use it in the same way as English. In English, we say “wait for…” but in French, you never use the word “pour” with “attendre”. So, how would you say this in French?

What are you waiting for? Literally, you just say “What are you waiting?”

What are you waiting for? Qu’attendez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you waiting for Pierre?

Are you waiting for Pierre? Attendez-vous Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you wait for the bus?

Where do you wait for the bus? Où attendez-vous le bus?

How would you say this in French?

How long have you been waiting here?

How long have you been waiting here? Depuis quand attendez-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going out tonight?

Are you going out tonight? Sortez-vous ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Do you go out a lot with Sophie and Marie?

Do you go out a lot with Sophie and Marie? Sortez-vous beaucoup avec Sophie et Marie?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going out tomorrow?

What time are you going out tomorrow? À quelle heure sortez-vous demain?

How would you say this in French?

When do you go to France?

When do you go to France? Quand allez-vous en France?

How would you say this in French?

Do you go abroad a lot?

Do you go abroad a lot? Allez-vous à l’étranger beaucoup?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going with Marco tomorrow?

Where are you going with Marco tomorrow? Où allez-vous avec Marco demain?

How would you say this in French?

What are you bringing with you on holiday?

What are you bringing with you on holiday? Qu’apportez-vous avec vous en vacances?

How would you say this in French?

Are you bringing something with you tomorrow?

Are you bringing something with you tomorrow? Apportez-vous quelque chose avec vous demain?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you bringing to Pierre’s house?

Whom are you bringing to Pierre’s house? Qui apportez-vous chez Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

How much money are you spending?

How much money are you spending? Combien d’argent dépensez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you spending the holidays abroad this year?

Are you spending the holidays abroad this year? Passez-vous les vacances à l’étranger cette année?

How would you say this in French?

How much time are you spending in France?

How much time are you spending in France? Combien de temps passez-vous en France?

How would you say this in French?

How many days are you spending in Paris?

How many days are you spending in Paris? Combien de jours passez-vous à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Do you spend a lot of time abroad?

Do you spend a lot of time abroad? Passez-vous beaucoup de temps à l’étranger?

How would you say this in French?

Do you spend much time with Marie?

Do you spend much time with Marie? Passez-vous beaucoup de temps avec Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you calling?

Whom are you calling? Qui appelez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you calling Sophie later?

Are you calling Sophie later? Appelez-vous Sophie plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Are you trying the wine?

Are you trying the wine? Essayez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you try the wine?

Why do you try the wine? Pourquoi essayez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Are you trying some cheese?

Are you trying some cheese? Essayez-vous du fromage?

How would you say this in French?

What are you trying to do?

What are you trying to do? Qu’essayez-vous de faire?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you trying to call?

Whom are you trying to call? Qui essayez-vous d’appeler?

How would you say this in French?

Are you trying to find a restaurant for tonight?

Are you trying to find a restaurant for tonight? Essayez-vous de trouver un restaurant pour ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you hire cars?

Where do you hire cars? Où louez-vous des voitures?

How would you say this in French?

Are you hiring a car for next week?

Are you hiring a car for next week? Louez-vous une voiture pour la semaine prochaine?

How would you say this in French?

Are you changing the reservation?

Are you changing the reservation? Changez-vous la réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you changing rooms?

Why are you changing rooms? Pourquoi changez-vous de chambre?

How would you say this in French?

Are you changing hotels now?

Are you changing hotels now? Changez-vous d’hôtel maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you staying this week?

Where are you staying this week? Où restez-vous cette semaine?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you stay when you go to Madrid?

Where do you stay when you go to Madrid? Où restez-vous quand vous allez à Madrid?

How would you say this in French?

How are you finding the film?

How are you finding the film? Comment trouvez-vous le film?

How would you say this in French?

Do you find this film boring?

Do you find this film boring? Trouvez-vous ce film ennuyeux?

How would you say this in French?

What do you have for me?

What do you have for me? Qu’avez-vous pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have any stamps?

Do you have any stamps? Avez-vous des timbres?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you have my bag?

Why do you have my bag? Pourquoi avez-vous mon sac?

How would you say this in French?

What do you see?

What do you see? Que voyez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

When are you seeing Marie?

When are you seeing Marie? Quand voyez-vous Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Do you drink red wine?

Do you drink red wine? Buvez-vous le vin rouge?

How would you say this in French?

What are you drinking?

What are you drinking? Que buvez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you drinking some wine?

Are you drinking some wine? Buvez-vous du vin?

How would you say this in French?

Are you taking something for Pierre?

Are you taking something for Pierre? Prenez-vous quelque chose pour Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What are you taking on holiday?

What are you taking on holiday? Que prenez-vous en vacances?

How would you say this in French?

Are you learning English?

Are you learning English? Apprenez-vous l’anglais?

How would you say this in French?

How long have you been learning French for?

How long have you been learning French for? Depuis quand apprenez-vous le français?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you learn Spanish?

Where do you learn Spanish? Où apprenez-vous l’espagnol?

How would you say this in French?

Do you understand English?

Do you understand English? Comprenez-vous l’anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Do you understand everything?

Do you understand everything? Comprenez-vous tout?

How would you say this in French?

Do you understand French well or just a bit?

Do you understand French well or just a bit? Comprenez-vous le français bien ou juste un peu?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you finish tomorrow?

What time do you finish tomorrow? À quelle heure finissez-vous demain?

How would you say this in French?

When do you finish?

When do you finish? Quand finissez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you choosing some wine for the table?

Are you choosing some wine for the table? Choisissez-vous du vin pour la table?

How would you say this in French?

Which one are you choosing?

Which one are you choosing? Quel choisissez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you here tomorrow?

Are you here tomorrow? Êtes-vous ici demain?

How would you say this in French?

Are you at Michel’s house?

Are you at Michel’s house? Êtes-vous chez Michel?

How would you say this in French?

Are you being serious?

Are you being serious? Êtes-vous sérieux?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, are you Mr Boulot?

Excuse me, are you Mr Boulot? Excusez-moi, êtes-vous Monsieur Boulot?

How would you say this in French?

What are you doing here?

What are you doing here? Que faites-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are you doing anything (something) next Friday?

Are you doing anything next Friday? Faites-vous quelque chose vendredi prochain?

How would you say this in French?

What are you making?

What are you making? Que faites-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you making dinner tonight?

Are you making dinner tonight? Faites-vous le dîner ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you making some cakes?

Why are you making some cakes? Pourquoi faites-vous des gâteaux?

How would you say this in French?

How many cakes are you making?

How many cakes are you making? Combien de gâteaux faites-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What are you saying?

What are you saying? Que dites-vous?

TURNING THE PRESENT TENSE INTO A QUESTION TEP 1: Flip the pronoun (vous) around with the verb TEP 2: Put a hyphen in the middle For example: VOUS PARTEZ you leave / you’re leaving PARTEZ-VOUS are you leaving? / do you leave?

We’ve now seen how to form the present tense, how to turn it negative, and how to turn it into a question. The last thing left to look at is how to make the present tense into a negative question…

Present Tense Negative Questions To make the present tense into a question, all you do is flip the two words around and put a hyphen in the middle. We already know how to do that:

VOUS MANGEZ you are eating MANGEZ-VOUS? are you eating? To make this question negative, all you have to do is put a “ne” in front of it and a “pas” after it: MANGEZ-VOUS? are you eating? NE MANGEZ-VOUS PAS? aren't you eating?

See if you can have a go at turning these five present tense questions into negative questions (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

mangez-vous? (are you eating?) partez-vous? (are you leaving?) allez-vous? (are you going?) vendez-vous? (are you selling?) payez-vous? (are you paying?)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

ne mangez-vous pas? (aren’t you eating?) ne partez-vous pas? (aren’t you leaving?) n’allez-vous pas? (aren’t you going?) ne vendez-vous pas? (aren’t you selling?) ne payez-vous pas? (aren’t you paying?)

All you have to do is put a “ne” at the start, and a “pas” at the end. Easy!

Aren’t you eating? / Don’t you eat? This is the last time we’ll see this English phenomenon, the fact that in English, there is more than one way to ask negative questions in the present tense. For example, you can say “aren’t you eating” or “don’t you eat”. In French, these are both the same, “ne mangez-vous pas”.

ne mangez-vous pas? don't you eat? / aren’t you eating? ne parlez-vous pas? don't you speak? / aren’t you speaking? n'allez-vous pas? don’t you go? / aren’t you going? ne buvez-vous pas? don't you drink? / aren’t you drinking? ne payez-vous pas? don't you pay? / aren’t you paying?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you buying any chocolate?

Aren’t you buying any chocolate? N’achetez-vous pas de chocolat?

How would you say this in French?

Why aren’t you buying any wine?

Why aren’t you buying any wine? Pourquoi n’achetez-vous pas de vin?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you wait here?

Why don’t you wait here? Pourquoi n’attendez-vous pas ici?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you waiting for Marie?

Aren’t you waiting for Marie? N’attendez-vous pas Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you go out with Pierre and Sophie tonight?

Why don’t you go out with Pierre and Sophie tonight? Pourquoi ne sortez-vous pas avec Pierre et Sophie ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you going out at seven o’clock?

Aren’t you going out at seven o’clock? Ne sortez-vous pas à sept heures?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you go on holiday tomorrow?

Don’t you go on holiday tomorrow? N’allez-vous pas en vacances demain?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you bringing any cakes with you?

Aren’t you bringing any cakes with you? N’apportez-vous pas de gâteaux avec vous?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you bringing a friend to France?

Aren’t you bringing a friend to France? N’apportez-vous pas un ami en France?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you spend any time abroad?

Don’t you spend any time abroad? Ne passez-vous pas de temps à l’étranger?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you spending the holidays in France this year?

Aren’t you spending the holidays in France this year? Ne passez-vous pas les vacances en France cette année?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you call Marco today?

Why don’t you call Marco today? Pourquoi n’appelez-vous pas Marco aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you trying any cheese?

Aren’t you trying any cheese? N’essayez-vous pas de fromage?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you try speaking French with me?

Why don’t you try speaking French with me? Pourquoi n’essayez-vous pas de parler français avec moi?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you hire a car when you go to Spain?

Don’t you hire a car when you go to Spain? Ne louez-vous pas une voiture quand vous allez en Espagne?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you hiring a car for the week?

Aren’t you hiring a car for the week? Ne louez-vous pas une voiture pour la semaine?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you hiring a car?

Aren’t you hiring a car? Ne louez-vous pas une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

If you’re not happy, why don’t you change rooms?

If you’re not happy, why don’t you change rooms? Si vous n’êtes pas heureux, pourquoi ne changez-vous pas de chambre?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you changing the reservation?

Aren’t you changing the reservation? Ne changez-vous pas la réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you stay here?

Why don’t you stay here? Pourquoi ne restez-vous pas ici?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you staying at this hotel?

Aren’t you staying at this hotel? Ne restez-vous pas à cet hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you staying there next week?

Aren’t you staying there next week? Ne restez-vous pas là la semaine prochaine?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you have the key?

Don’t you have the key? N’avez-vous pas la clé?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you have the time to help me?

Don’t you have the time to help me? N‘avez-vous pas le temps de m’aider?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you have my passport?

Don’t you have my passport? N’avez-vous pas mon passeport?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you taking any food to the cinema?

Aren’t you taking any food to the cinema? Ne prenez-vous pas de nourriture au cinéma?

How would you say this in French?

Why don’t you take everything to your house?

Why don’t you take everything to your house? Pourquoi ne prenez-vous pas tout chez vous?

How would you say this in French?

Why aren’t you learning English?

Why aren’t you learning English? Pourquoi n’apprenez-vous pas l’anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t you understand?

Don’t you understand? Ne comprenez-vous pas?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you choosing any wine for the table?

Aren’t you choosing any wine for the table? Ne choisissez-vous pas de vin pour la table?

MAKING PRESENT TENSE QUESTIONS NEGATIVE TEP 1: Put a “ne” in front of the verb in a present tense question TEP 2: Put a “pas” at the end For example: PARTEZ-VOUS? are you leaving? / do you leave? NE PARTEZ-VOUS PAS? aren't you leaving? / don’t you leave?

A LITTLE RECAP Let’s have a little recap of everything we’ve learnt so far about the present tense. So, basically, to form the present tense, you remove the last two letters from the verb and then you add “ez” to the end. Once you’ve formed the basic present tense, you can play around with it to say a variety of different things.

THE BASIC PRESENT TENSE TEP 1: Take any verb and remove the last two letters TEP 2: Put an “ez” on the end and a “vous” up front For example: MANGER (to) eat VOUS MANGEZ you eat / you’re eating

THE NEGATIVE PRESENT TENSE TEP 1: Put a “ne” in front of the verb TEP 2: Put a “pas” after the verb For example: VOUS MANGEZ you eat / you’re eating VOUS NE MANGEZ PAS you don’t eat / you’re not eating

QUESTIONS IN THE PRESENT TENSE TEP 1: Flip the pronoun and the verb around TEP 2: Put a hyphen in the middle For example: VOUS MANGEZ you eat / you’re eating MANGEZ-VOUS? do you eat? / are you eating?

NEGATIVE QUESTIONS IN THE PRESENT TENSE TEP 1: Put a “ne” in front of the verb in a present tense question TEP 2: Put a “pas” after the “vous” For example: MANGEZ-VOUS? do you eat? / are you eating? NE MANGEZ-VOUS PAS? don't you eat? / aren’t you eating? So, that’s four things that we can do with the present tense in French, but there is one more thing we should cover before ending this very long lesson…

COMMANDS The proper ‘grammatical’ term for commands is the “imperative”, but it doesn’t really matter what you call it, as long as you know how to use it. Giving a command in French is easy. All you have to do is use the present tense and take off the “vous”. And that’s it!

VOUS MANGEZ you eat / you’re eating MANGEZ! Eat! You don’t have to use the exclamation mark whenever you give a command in French; I just added it for emphasis!!!

See if you can have a go at turning these into commands (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

vous mangez (you eat) vous partez (you leave) vous allez (you go) vous vendez (you sell) vous payez (you pay)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

mangez! (eat!) partez! (leave!) allez! (go!) vendez! (sell!) payez! (pay!)

All you have to do is take the “vous” away. Easy!

How would you say this in French?

Buy everything now!

Buy everything now! Achetez tout maintenant!

How would you say this in French?

Wait here!

Wait here! Attendez ici!

Commands can also be polite. So, how would you say this in French?

Wait here, please.

Wait here, please. Attendez ici, s’il vous plait.

How would you say this in French?

Go to the shop for me; I would like some milk.

Go to the shop for me; I would like some milk. Allez au magasin pour moi; je voudrais du lait.

How would you say this in French?

Call Pierre; he isn’t here!

Call Pierre; he isn’t here! Appelez Pierre; il n’est pas ici!

How would you say this in French?

Try this cake; it’s delicious.

Try this cake; it’s delicious. Essayez ce gâteau; il est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

Try to speak a lot of French next week.

Try to speak a lot of French next week. Essayez de parler beaucoup de franҫais la semaine prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

Try calling Marie.

Try calling Marie. Essayez d’appeler Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Stay here; I’m going to the shop.

Stay here; I’m going to the shop. Restez ici; je vais au magasin.

How would you say this in French?

Stay there, please.

Stay there, please. Restez là, s’il vous plaît.

How would you say this in French?

Take more carrots, if you want.

Take more carrots, if you want. Prenez plus de carottes, si vous voulez.

How would you say this in French?

Take a taxi to the airport.

Take a taxi to the airport. Prenez un taxi à l’aéroport.

How would you say this in French?

Choose a bottle of red wine for the table.

Choose a bottle of red wine for the table. Choisissez une bouteille de vin rouge pour la table.

NEGATIVE COMMANDS You can make all the commands negative. All you have to do is put a “ne” in front of the command, and a “pas” after it.

PARLEZ! Speak! NE PARLEZ PAS! Don’t speak!

See if you can have a go at making these commands negative (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

mangez! (eat!) partez! (leave!) allez! (go!) vendez! (sell!) payez! (pay!)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

ne mangez pas! (don’t eat!) ne partez pas! (don’t leave!) n’allez pas! (don’t go!) ne vendez pas! (don’t sell!) ne payez pas! (don’t pay!)

All you have to do is put a “ne” in front and a “pas” at the end.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t buy the food until Friday.

Don’t buy the food until Friday. N’achetez pas la nourriture jusqu’à vendredi.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t wait for the bus; take a taxi.

Don’t wait for the bus; take a taxi. N’attendez pas le bus; prenez un taxi.

How would you say this in French?

Please, don’t go out tonight.

Please, don’t go out tonight. S’il vous plaît, ne sortez pas ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t go without me.

Don’t go without me. N’allez pas sans moi.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t call Sophie; she’s busy.

Don’t call Sophie; she’s busy. N’appelez pas Sophie; elle est occupée.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t drink the coffee; it’s terrible.

Don’t drink the coffee; it’s terrible. Ne buvez pas le café; il est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t take everything!

Don’t take everything! Ne prenez pas tout!

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

You're buying too much food; I ate a lot for lunch Wait here a minute; I'm going to see Sophie Are you going out later or are you staying here? Don't eat too much; we're going to the restaurant later Why aren't you going on holiday this year? Do you understand everything? Are you buying something for Pierre? What are you bringing with you on holiday? Why don't you do that tomorrow? Do everything now, if possible

1.

Vous achetez trop de nourriture; j’ai mangé beaucoup pour le déjeuner 2. Attendez ici une minute; je vais voir Sophie 3. Sortez-vous plus tard ou restez-vous ici? 4. Ne mangez pas trop; nous allons au restaurant plus tard 5. Pourquoi n’allez-vous pas en vacances cette année? 6. Comprenez-vous tout? 7. Achetez-vous quelque chose pour Pierre? 8. Qu’apportez-vous avec vous en vacances? 9. Pourquoi ne faites-vous pas cela demain? 10. Faites tout maintenant, si possible

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Venez avec moi, s’il vous plaît 2. Venez-vous chez moi demain? 3. Pourquoi ne choisissez-vous pas quelque chose de la région? 4. Quels achetez-vous? 5. À quelle heure commencez-vous? 6. Vous dépensez trop d’argent 7. Prenez encore un biscuit 8. Comment dites-vous "house" en français? 9. Dites tout lentement 10. Ne parlez-vous pas anglais?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Come with me, please Are you coming to my house tomorrow? Why don't you choose something from the region? Which ones are you buying? What time do you start? You're spending too much money Take another biscuit How do you say "house" in French? Say everything slowly Don't you speak English?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I would like to go at half past four Where is my basket? Do you have this coat in red? May I make a reservation for three people at eight o'clock, please? Where do you want to go tomorrow? I'm going abroad with my friends My dinner isn't bad A bit bigger You've been learning English for five years now I'm not in a hurry

1. 2. 3. 4.

Je voudrais aller à quatre heures et demie Où est mon panier? Avez-vous ce manteau en rouge? Puis-je faire une réservation pour trois personnes à vingt heures, s’il vous plaît? 5. Où voulez-vous aller demain? 6. Je vais à l’étranger avec mes amis 7. Mon dîner n’est pas mauvais 8. Un peu plus grand 9. Vous apprenez l’anglais depuis cinq ans maintenant 10. Je ne suis pas pressé

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. J’ai un aller-simple mais je voudrais un aller-retour 2. Je viens à Paris depuis dix ans maintenant 3. Pour moi, c’est parfait 4. Après le dîner, voulez-vous aller à la plage? 5. Où est la clé pour ma chambre? 6. Il est onze heures 7. Il n’est pas ici 8. Voulez-vous l’essayer? 9. Pour moi, c’est absolument beau ici 10. J’ai commandé le poulet

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I have a one-way ticket but I would like a return ticket I've been coming to Paris for ten years now I think it's perfect After dinner, do you want to go to the beach? Where is the key for my room? It's eleven o'clock He isn't here Do you want to try it? I think it's absolutely beautiful here I've ordered the chicken

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. the holidays 2. don't you like? (informal) 3. last month 4. in front of 5. last Wednesday 6. from abroad 7. enough + noun 8. in / to (referring to town or city) 9. last year 10. in / to (referring to country) 11. by plane 12. (on) the 3rd December 13. in June 14. next month 15. where do you come from? (formal) 16. are you coming / do you come (formal) 17. over there 18. since 19. last week 20. by coach 21. until December

22. do you like it? (informal) 23. every Wednesday morning 24. until 25. quite / rather / enough 26. from where 27. by car 28. to go on foot / to walk 29. I live / I'm living 30. every Wednesday 31. aren't you coming / don't you come (formal) 32. do you speak / are you speaking (formal) 33. you finish / you're finishing 34. a long time 35. at the back (of) / at the bottom (of) 36. on foot 37. this year 38. abroad 39. on horseback / by horse 40. last June 41. are you coming / do you come (informal) 42. isn't it…? 43. I don't like 44. by boat

45. by train / on the train 46. don't you like it? (informal) 47. wasn't it…? 48. next week 49. the journey (lasts / takes) 50. you learn / you're learning 51. I don't come / I'm not coming 52. next year 53. do you speak / are you speaking (informal) 54. do you like? (formal) 55. do you live? / are you living? (informal) 56. (to) spend (time) 57. next June 58. aren't you coming / don't you come (informal) 59. you see / you're seeing 60. I like 61. you understand 62. it's easy to speak French 63. I live in 64. I didn't go 65. don't you like it? (formal) 66. do you like it? (formal) 67. is it…?

68. you do / you make 69. just / fair 70. (on) Wednesday 71. next Wednesday 72. this month 73. on Wednesdays 74. this week 75. you say / you tell 76. do you live? / are you living? (formal) 77. year (when saying how many years) 78. where do you come from? (informal) 79. I come / I'm coming 80. you have / you're having 81. you take / you're taking 82. I speak / I'm speaking 83. I went 84. next to 85. … (kilo)metres from 86. you choose / you're choosing 87. every Wednesday evening 88. on holiday 89. I come from 90. in Paris / to Paris

91. … (time) ago 92. you are / you're being 93. you drink / you're drinking 94. do you like? (informal) 95. don't you like? (formal) 96. (on) the first December 97. in France / to France 98. was it…? 99. behind

1. les vacances 2. n'aimes-tu pas? 3. le mois dernier 4. devant 5. mercredi dernier 6. de l'étranger 7. assez de + noun 8. à 9. l'année dernière 10. en 11. en avion 12. le trois décembre 13. en juin 14. le mois prochain 15. d'où venez-vous? 16. venez-vous 17. là-bas 18. depuis 19. la semaine dernière 20. en car 21. jusqu'en décembre 22. l'aimes-tu? 23. tous les mercredis matin

24. jusqu'à 25. assez 26. d'où 27. en voiture 28. aller à pied 29. j'habite 30. tous les mercredis 31. ne venez-vous pas 32. parlez-vous 33. vous finissez 34. longtemps 35. au fond (de) 36. à pied 37. cettee année 38. à l'étranger 39. à cheval 40. en juin dernier 41. viens-tu 42. est-ce que ce n'est pas…? 43. je n'aime pas 44. en bateau 45. en train 46. ne l'aimes-tu pas?

47. est-ce que ce n'était pas…? 48. la semaine prochaine 49. le trajet (dure) 50. vous apprenez 51. je ne viens de 52. l'année prochaine 53. parles-tu 54. aimez-vous? 55. habites-tu? 56. passer 57. en juin prochain 58. ne viens-tu pas 59. vous voyez 60. j'aime 61. vous comprenez 62. c'est facile de parler français 63. j'habite à / en 64. je ne suis pas allé(e) 65. ne l'aimez-vous pas? 66. l'aimez-vous? 67. est-ce que c'est…? 68. vous faites 69. juste

70. mercredi 71. mercredi prochain 72. ce mois 73. le mercredi 74. cette semaine 75. vous dites 76. habitez-vous? 77. an 78. d'où viens-tu? 79. je viens 80. vous avez 81. vous prenez 82. je parle 83. je suis allé(e) 84. à côté de 85. à … (kilo)mètres de 86. vous choisissez 87. tous les mercredis soir 88. en vacances 89. je viens de 90. à Paris 91. il y a … (time) 92. vous êtes

93. vous buvez 94. aimes-tu? 95. n'aimez-vous pas? 96. le premier décembre 97. en France 98. est-ce que c'était…? 99. derrière

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixty to sixty-two of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixty-three to sixty-five, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 63 – 65 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 60-62”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 63 LESSON 64 LESSON 65 Merci

LESSON 63 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? you eat / you’re eating you don’t eat / you’re not eating do you eat? / are you eating? don't you eat? / aren’t you eating? eat! don't eat! If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Commands In the last lesson, we learnt about how to form commands (aka imperatives) in French. You simply have to take the present tense and remove the “vous”.

Mangez! Eat! Faites tout demain Do everything tomorrow However, there are two more things I want to add. The first is an irregular verb.

ÊTRE The verb “être” means “to be” and in the present tense, we now know that you get “vous êtes” (meaning, “you are”). As a command, however, this verb is irregular again. If you want to say “be!”, you have to say “soyez”.

Soyez ici demain! Be here tomorrow!

So, this is the command or imperative form of the verb “être”:

soyez It means “be” when you’re giving a command You pronounce it “swah-yeh”

How would you say this in French?

Be patient.

Be patient. Soyez patient.

How would you say this in French?

Be at the restaurant at five o’clock; the reservation is at quarter past five.

Be at the restaurant at five o’clock; the reservation is at quarter past five. Soyez au restaurant à dix-sept heures; la réservation est à dix-sept heures et quart.

How would you say this in French?

Be happy!

Be happy! Soyez heureux!

How would you say this in French?

Be brave.

Be brave. Soyez courageux.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t be shy.

Don’t be shy. Ne soyez pas timide.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t be ridiculous!

Don’t be ridiculous! Ne soyez pas ridicule!

How would you say this in French?

Don’t be angry, but I’ve lost the passports.

Don’t be angry, but I’ve lost the passports. Ne soyez pas fâché, mais j’ai perdu les passeports.

Veuillez The second thing I wanted to tell you about was the word “veuillez”. The literal meaning of the word “veuillez” is “Want!”; it’s the command version of the verb “to want”. However, it isn’t used as such. You will come across the word “veuillez” a lot when you’re in France; it’s a way of sounding more polite when giving commands. For example, the phrase “attendez ici”, means “wait here”. It’s perfectly fine to say this, but it’s a little abrupt. A more polite way of telling somebody to “wait here” is to say, “Veuillez attendre ici”. You can put any infinitive (the whole verb) after “veuillez” and it’s sort of like the equivalent of the English phrase, “Please be so kind as to…”, although it’s not quite as formal as that phrase.

Veuillez attendre ici Please wait here You will very often see the word “veuillez” used on signs and letters that are telling you to do something.

So, just to reiterate:

veuillez It means “please (be so kind as to…”, and you can use it as a more polite way of giving commands You pronounce it “veugh-yeh”

You can use the verb “entrer” to mean “enter” or “come in”. So, how would you say this in French?

Please, come in.

Please, come in. Veuillez entrer.

Another useful verb is “répéter” meaning “to repeat. So, how would you say this in French?

Please repeat (Say it again).

Please repeat. Veuillez répéter.

How would you say this in French?

Please pay here.

Please pay here. Veuillez payer ici.

A very common verb is “patienter”, meaning “to wait patiently” or “be patient”. So, how would you say this in French?

Please be patient.

Please be patient. Veuillez patienter.

The Present Tense We’ve learnt how to form the present tense using “vous” (meaning “you”), but what about “je” (meaning “I”)? To change a verb to the present tense for “vous”, we learnt that we simply remove the last two letters and add “ez”. Well, for “je”, it’s even easier!

TAKE OFF THE ‘R’ If you want to change a verb and say, for example, “I eat” or “I speak”, all you do is take the “r” from the end and put a “je” in front. STEP 1: Pick any verb and remove the “R” from the end STEP 2: Put a “je” in front of it and away you go

Here’s an example with the verb “manger”, which means “to eat”.

MANGER Remove the “r” from the end MANGE Put a “je” in front of it JE MANGE And that’s it! “Je mange” means “I eat”

See if you can have a go at putting these six verbs into the present tense for “je” (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

manger (to eat) parler (to speak) danser (to dance) donner (to give) visiter (to visit) étudier (to study)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

je mange (I eat) je parle (I speak) je danse (I dance) je donne (I give) je visite (I visit) j’étudie (I study)

The word JE gets shortened to J’ when it’s placed in front of a vowel. That’s why we have “j’étudie”, meaning “I study”.

I eat / I’m eating Now, I know I’ve said this about ten billion times already, but it’s something I really don’t want you to forget because that could hinder your progress. In English, there are two ways to talk about the present tense; you can say either “I eat” or “I’m eating”, whereas in in French, there is just one way, “je mange”.

je mange I eat / I’m eating je parle I speak / I’m speaking je danse I dance / I’m dancing je donne I give / I’m giving je visite I visit / I’m visiting

Pronunciation The verb that ends in “er” is called the “infinitive”. The “er” on the end of infinitives in French is pronounced like an “eh” sound, so “parler” is pronounced “par-leh”. Once you remove the “r” from the end of the infinitive, the “eh” sound disappears completely. So, Let’s have a look at a few examples of how you pronounce “je” present tense verbs.

je mange “jsheugh monjsh” je parle “ jsheugh parl” je danse “ jsheugh donss” je donne “ jsheugh don” je visite “ jsheugh vi-zeet”

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m starting tomorrow.

I’m starting tomorrow. Je commence demain.

So, how would you say this in French?

I start at five o’clock today.

I start at five o’clock today. Je commence à cinq heures aujourd’hui.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m bringing some food to your house tonight.

I’m bringing some food to your house tonight. J’apporte de la nourriture chez vous ce soir.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m bringing everything with me.

I’m bringing everything with me. J’apporte tout avec moi.

So, how would you say this in French?

I spend too much money when I go on holiday.

I spend too much money when I go on holiday. Je dépense trop d’argent quand je vais en vacances.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m spending ten euros.

I’m spending ten euros. Je dépense dix euros.

So, how would you say this in French?

I spend the holidays with my family.

I spend the holidays with my family. Je passe les vacances avec ma famille.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m spending a month in Paris next year.

I’m spending a month in Paris next year. Je passe un mois à Paris l’année prochaine.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m paying for the room by card.

I’m paying for the room by card. Je paye la chambre par carte.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m paying for everything.

I’m paying for everything. Je paye tout.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m hiring a car when we go to Spain next month.

I’m hiring a car when we go to Spain next month. Je loue une voiture quand je vais en Espagne le mois prochain.

So, how would you say this in French?

I eat lots of cheese when I go to France.

I eat lots of cheese when I go to France. Je mange beaucoup de fromage quand je vais en France.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m eating at the hotel tonight.

I’m eating at the hotel tonight. Je mange à l’hôtel ce soir.

If you want to say “I eat meat”, literally, you have to say, “I eat some meat”. So, how would you say this in French?

I eat meat.

I eat meat. Je mange de la viande.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m changing the reservation because I’m busy until six o’clock tonight.

I’m changing the reservation because I’m busy until six o’clock tonight. Je change la réservation parce que je suis occupé jusqu’à dix-huit heures ce soir.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m changing rooms because there is no shower in this room.

I’m changing rooms because there is no shower in this room. Je change de chambre parce qu’il n’y a pas de douche dans cette chambre.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m changing cars next year.

I’m changing cars next year. Je change de voiture l’année prochaine.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m staying here today.

I’m staying here today. Je reste ici aujourd’hui.

So, how would you say this in French?

I find everything interesting in Paris.

I find everything interesting in Paris. Je trouve tout intéressant à Paris.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m finding this film a bit boring now.

I’m finding this film a bit boring now. Je trouve ce film un peu ennuyeux maintenant.

So, how would you say this in French?

I find the French wine in England a bit too expensive.

I find the French wine in England a bit too expensive. Je trouve le vin franҫais en Angleterre un peu trop cher.

So, how would you say this in French?

I speak French and English.

I speak French and English. Je parle franҫais et anglais.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m speaking with Marie.

I’m speaking with Marie. Je parle avec Marie.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m visiting my family abroad soon.

I’m visiting my family abroad soon. Je visite ma famille à l’étranger bientôt.

So, how would you say this in French?

I visit my grandma at her house every Thursday evening.

I visit my grandma at her house every Thursday evening. Je visite ma grandmère chez elle tous les jeudis soir.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m giving the key to Pierre because I’m going to the beach.

I’m giving the key to Pierre because I’m going to the beach. Je donne la clé à Pierre parce que je vais à la plage.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m trying to understand but it’s difficult because you’re not speaking very slowly.

I’m trying to understand but it’s difficult because you’re not speaking very slowly. J’essaye de comprendre mais c’est difficile parce que vous ne parlez pas très lentement.

Now, you may or may not have noticed that all of the verbs that we’ve been using so far in this lesson end in “er” in their infinitive form. However, as you know, there are three types of verb endings in French: er, ir and re. So, for the “er” verbs, we simply remove the “r” from the end of the verb, and that’s it. For the other two types of verb, it’s a little different.

IR verbs For “ir” verbs in French, what you have to do to turn them into the present tense for “je” is remove the “r” and then put an “s” on the end.

FINIR to finish

JE FINIS I finish So, it’s still pretty simple, but you just have to remember to add an “s” to the end once you’ve removed the “r”.

See if you can have a go at putting these six “ir” verbs into the present tense for “je” (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

finir (to finish) choisir (to choose) voir (to see) grossir (to gain weight) maigrir (to lose weight) réussir (to succeed)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

je finis (I finish / I’m finishing) je choisis (I choose / I’m choosing) je vois (I see / I’m seeing) je grossis (I gain weight / I’m gaining weight) je maigris (I lose weight / I’m losing weight je réussis (I succeed / I’m succeeding)

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m finishing at three o’clock today and then I’m going to town.

I’m finishing at three o’clock today and then I’m going to town. Je finis à trois heures aujourd’hui et puis je vais en ville.

So, how would you say this in French?

Every Tuesday, I finish at twelve o’clock.

Every Tuesday, I finish at twelve o’clock. Tous les mardis, je finis à douze heures.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m choosing a souvenir for my brother.

I’m choosing a souvenir for my brother. Je choisis un souvenir pour mon frère.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m choosing something for lunch.

I’m choosing something for lunch. Je choisis quelque chose pour le déjeuner.

So, how would you say this in French?

I see.

I see. Je vois.

So, how would you say this in French?

I gain weight when I go on holiday because I eat too many ice-creams.

I gain weight when I go on holiday because I eat too many ice-creams. Je grossis quand je vais en vacances parce que je mange trop de glaces.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m losing weight because I walk to the beach every day.

I’m losing weight because I walk to the beach every day. Je maigris parce que je vais à pied à la plage tous les jours.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m trying to learn French and I’m succeeding.

I’m trying to learn French and I’m succeeding. J’essaye d’apprendre le français et je réussis.

RE verbs So, for “er” verbs, we remove the “r”, and for “ir” verbs, we remove the “r” and then add an “s”. Now, with “re” verbs, what we have to do is remove the “re” from the end and then add an “s”. (And obviously put “je” at the start.)

FAIRE to make

JE FAIS I make

See if you can have a go at putting these eight “re” verbs into the present tense for “je” (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

faire (to do / to make) dire (to say / to tell) boire (to drink) attendre (to wait) vendre (to sell) prendre (to take) comprendre (to understand) apprendre (to learn)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

je fais (I do / I make / I’m doing / I’m making) je dis (I say / I tell / I’m saying / I’m telling) je bois (I drink / I’m drinking) j’attends (I wait / I’m waiting) je vends (I sell / I’m selling) je prends (I take / I’m taking) je comprends (I understand) j’apprends (I learn / I’m learning)

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m doing everything now.

I’m doing everything now. Je fais tout maintenant.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m making a cake for us.

I’m making a cake for us. Je fais un gâteau pour nous.

So, how would you say this in French?

I make breakfast for the family every morning.

I make breakfast for the family every morning. Je fais le petit-déjeuner pour la famille tous les matins.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m drinking (some) red wine with dinner.

I’m drinking red wine with dinner. Je bois du vin rouge avec le dîner.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m waiting for the bus.

I’m waiting for the bus. J’attends le bus.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’ve been waiting here for an hour.

I’ve been waiting here for an hour. J’attends ici depuis une heure.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m selling my car because I want to change it.

I’m selling my car because I want to change it. Je vends ma voiture parce que je veux la changer.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m taking some water to the beach with me.

I’m taking some water to the beach with me. Je prends de l’eau à la plage avec moi.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m taking a taxi today because it’s quicker.

I’m taking a taxi today because it’s quicker. Je prends un taxi aujourd’hui parce que c’est plus rapide.

So, how would you say this in French?

I understand a lot in French, but not everything.

I understand a lot in French, but not everything. Je comprends beaucoup en français, mais pas tout.

So, how would you say this in French?

I’ve been learning French for three years.

I’ve been learning French for three years. J’apprends le français depuis trois ans.

PRESENT TENSE WITH “JE”

ER Remove the “r” manger to eat je mange I eat / I’m eating

IR

RE

Remove the “r” and add an “s” finir to finish je finis I finish / I’m finishing

Remove the “re” and add an “s” prendre to take je prends I take / I’m taking

soyez – be (command) veuillez – please (be so kind as to…)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4.

I understand everything if you speak slowly Please be patient; I'm coming now I'm selling my car, do you want to buy it? Be here at seven o'clock tomorrow; I want to leave at quarter past seven 5. I'm trying to lose weight because I'm going on holiday in May 6. I finish at four o'clock today; do you want to go to the cinema tonight? 7. I'm staying at home tonight; I'm very tired 8. I'm hiring a car for us 9. I start tomorrow 10. Don't be shy

1. Je comprends tout si vous parlez lentement 2. S’il vous plaît, soyez patient / Veuillez patienter; je viens maintenant 3. Je vends ma voiture, voulez-vous l’acheter? 4. Soyez ici à sept heures demain; je veux partir à sept heures et quart 5. J’essaye de maigrir parce que je vais en vacances en mai 6. Je finis à seize heures aujourd’hui; voulez-vous aller au cinéma ce soir? 7. Je reste chez moi ce soir; je suis très fatigué 8. Je loue une voiture pour nous 9. Je commence demain 10. Ne soyez pas timide

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. J’apporte du vin 2. Je parle français, anglais et un peu d’allemand 3. Je passe deux semaines en Espagne l’année prochaine 4. Je change la réservation 5. Soyez heureux 6. Veuillez attendre ici 7. Je choisis du vin pour la table, mais c’est difficile 8. Je fais quelque chose pour vous 9. J’attends le bus depuis une heure 10. J’apprends le français mais c’est assez difficile

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I'm bringing some wine I speak French, English and a bit of German I'm spending two weeks in Spain next year I'm changing the reservation Be happy Please wait here I'm choosing some wine for the table, but it's difficult I'm making something for you I've been waiting for the bus for an hour I'm learning French but it's quite difficult

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It's quite bitter but I like it How do you say this in French? May I have the lamb, please? I would like to go to his house tomorrow I'm going to have dinner here Where do you want to go tonight? How much is breakfast? I would like to hire a big car for five people, please Please come with me Where is the theatre?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

C’est assez amer mais je l’aime Comment dites-vous cela en français? Puis-je avoir l’agneau, s’il vous plaît? Je voudrais aller chez lui demain Je vais prendre le dîner ici Où voulez-vous aller ce soir? C’est combien le petit-déjeuner? Je voudrais louer une grande voiture pour cinq personnes, s’il vous plaît 9. Veuillez venir avec moi / Venez avec moi, s’il vous plaît 10. Où est le théâtre?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Pourquoi n’aimez-vous pas cet hôtel? 2. Je vais changer la réservation; je ne veux pas sortir ce soir parce que je suis trop fatigué 3. Cet hôtel est extraordinaire 4. Je voudrais le petit-déjeuner à neuf heures 5. Aimez-vous les restaurants ici? 6. Nous allons prendre le dîner ici dimanche 7. Avez-vous des sacs? 8. C’est combien ҫa? 9. Cette voiture est assez chère, mais elle est très rapide et je l’aime 10. Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche et puis la première rue à droite

1. 2.

Why don't you like this hotel? I'm going to change the reservation; I don't want to go out tonight because I'm too tired 3. This hotel is extraordinary 4. I would like breakfast at nine o'clock 5. Do you like the restaurants here? 6. We're going to have dinner here on Sunday 7. Do you have any bags? 8. How much is that? 9. This car is quite expensive, but it's very fast and I like it 10. Take the second road on the left and then the first road on the right

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. be (command) 2. please (be so kind as to…)

1. soyez 2. veuillez

LESSON 64 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I eat / I’m eating I drink / I’m drinking I leave / I’m leaving be (command) please (be so kind as to…) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

You now know how to conjugate “er”, “ir” and “re” verbs in the present tense for “je”. In this lesson, we’ll learn about a few irregular verbs…

Irregular verbs in the present tense The reason irregular verbs exist in French, as they do in all languages (especially English!), is because languages are “man-made”. People made up languages. French is based on Latin, as well as a few other languages, and different parts were taken, changed and mushed together to form what is called “French” today. Irregular verb conjugations were formed when people took different parts from different areas of Latin and other languages, and put them together. The parts didn’t always go together in a perfect order, and that’s why we have irregularities now. I think irregularities are what make a language unique and beautiful; a lot of people disagree, though ☹

There are three really irregular verbs, who chose not to listen even a little bit when the conjugation rules were handed out. These verbs do their own thing, so you simply have to learn them. You will most probably recognize them all from previous lessons, anyway. INFINITIVE

PRESENT TENSE

avoir

j'ai

to have

I have

aller

je vais

to go

I go

être

je suis

to be

I am

So, try and remember these three irregulars as they’re quite odd, but they are the most useful verbs.

j'ai – je vais – je suis

Less irregular There is a small handful of verbs who follow the rules in general, but they change ever so slightly when they’re conjugated into the present tense. INFINITIVE

PRESENT TENSE

appeler

j'appelle

to call

I call

acheter

j'achète

to buy

I buy

venir

je viens

to come

I come

So, you can see that these three verbs are only a little bit irregular. The first verb, “appeler” gets a double L for some reason and you get “j’appelle”. The second verb, “acheter” gets a grave accent on the “e”, and you get “j’achète”. The third verb, “venir” gets a little “i" from somewhere and you get “je viens”.

IR verbs 2 Now, we’ve already had the rule for the “ir” verbs: remove the “r” and add an “s”. However, when the French language was being created, there was one group of “ir” verbs who weren’t happy with the rule. Instead, they decided to make their own little gang with their own rule. There aren’t too many of these rebellious ir verbs, but for these verbs, you have to take off the last three letters and then you add an ‘s’. So, instead of removing just the “r”, you remove the last three letters. You can usually recognise if a verb belongs in this rebellious gang because it will end in either TIR, MIR or VIR… So, you take the “tir”, “mir” or “vir” off the end and then add the “s”.

INFINITIVE

PRESENT TENSE

partir

je pars

to leave

I leave

sortir

je sors

to go out

I go out

sentir

je sens

to feel

I feel

mentir

je mens

to lie

I lie

dormir

je dors

to sleep

I sleep

servir

je sers

to serve

I serve

So, that’s twelve irregular verbs: three very irregular ones, three not-soirregular ones, and then six rebellious IR verbs.

j'ai – je vais – je suis j’appelle – j’achète – je viens je pars – je sors – je sens je mens – je dors – je sers

So, how would you say this in French?

I have everything here.

I have everything here. J’ai tout ici.

How would you say this in French?

I go abroad a lot, but this year I’m spending the holidays here in England.

I go abroad a lot, but this year I’m spending the holidays here in England. Je vais à l’étranger beaucoup, mais cette année je passe les vacances ici en Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to Sophie’s house tonight.

I’m going to Sophie’s house now. Je vais chez Sophie maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m here tomorrow.

I’m here tomorrow. Je suis ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

I call my sister every Saturday morning.

I call my sister every Saturday morning. J’appelle ma sœur tous les samedis matin.

How would you say this in French?

I’m calling Henri now.

I’m calling Henri now. J’appelle Henri maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m buying a souvenir for you from Marseille.

I’m buying a souvenir for you from Marseille. J’achète un souvenir pour vous de Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

I come from London, but I live in France now.

I come from London, but I live in France now. Je viens de Londres, mais j’habite en France maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m coming to your house today.

I’m coming to your house today. Je viens chez vous aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I leave on Saturday at eight o’clock.

I leave on Saturday at eight o’clock. Je pars samedi à huit heures.

How would you say this in French?

I’m leaving now.

I’m leaving now. Je pars maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going out with Marie tonight.

I’m going out with Marie tonight. Je sors avec Marie ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

I’m serving dinner at eight o’clock.

I’m serving dinner at eight o’clock. Je sers le dîner à vingt heures.

Just like when we were learning about how to conjugate for “vous”, you can also play around with the verbs for “je” to say a variety of different things. Let’s start with this…

The Negative Present Tense Making present tense verbs negative for “je” is the same as making a verb negative for “vous”, so you should be an old pro! But, we’ll just have a recap to make sure. All you have to do is put a “ne” in front of the verb and then a “pas” after it:

JE MANGE I eat JE NE MANGE PAS I don’t eat

See if you can have a go at making these five present tense verbs negative (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

je mange (I eat) je pars (I leave) je vais (I go) je vends (I sell) je paye (I pay)

Here are the answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

je ne mange pas (I don’t eat) je ne pars pas (I don’t leave) je ne vais pas (I don’t go) je ne vends pas (I don’t sell) je ne paye pas (I don’t pay)

All you have to do is put a “ne” in front of the verb, and a “pas” after it. Easy!

I don’t eat / I’m not eating In English, there is more than one way to talk in the negative present tense. For example, you can say, “I don’t speak English” or “I’m not speaking English”. In French, these are both the same, “je ne parle pas anglais”. So, whenever you use the negative present tense in French, it can mean two things in English.

je ne mange pas I don’t eat / I’m not eating je ne pars pas I don’t leave / I’m not leaving je ne vais pas I don’t go / I’m not going je ne vends pas I don’t sell / I’m not selling je ne paye pas I don’t pay / I’m not paying

How would you say this in French?

I’m not buying a car.

I’m not buying a car. Je n’achète pas de voiture.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t buy souvenirs.

I don’t buy souvenirs. Je n’achète pas de souvenirs.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not waiting here; there’s too much noise.

I’m not waiting here; there’s too much noise. Je n’attends pas ici; il y a trop de bruit.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t been waiting long.

I haven’t been waiting long. Je n’attends pas depuis longtemps.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going out tonight because I’m too tired.

I’m not going out tonight because I’m too tired. Je ne sors pas ce soir parce que je suis trop fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t go out on Mondays.

I don’t go out on Mondays. Je ne sors pas le lundi.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t go abroad on holiday.

I don’t go abroad on holiday. Je ne vais pas à l’étranger en vacances.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to the cinema tonight; it’s too expensive and I don’t have enough money.

I’m not going to the cinema tonight; it’s too expensive and I don’t have enough money. Je ne vais pas au cinéma ce soir; c’est trop cher et je n’ai pas assez d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not bringing any wine with me.

I’m not bringing any wine with me. Je n’apporte pas de vin avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not spending much time at home this year.

I’m not spending much time at home this year. Je ne passe pas beaucoup de temps chez moi cette année.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t spend enough time with my family.

I don’t spend enough time with my family. Je ne passe pas assez de temps avec ma famille.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not calling Pierre; I don’t like him.

I’m not calling Pierre; I don’t like him. Je n’appelle pas Pierre; je ne l’aime pas.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not trying any cheese; I’ve eaten too much today.

I’m not trying any cheese; I’ve eaten too much today. Je n’essaye pas de fromage; j’ai trop mangé aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not hiring a car for the holiday; the hotel is next to the beach.

I’m not hiring a car for the holiday; the hotel is next to the beach. Je ne loue pas de voiture pour les vacances; l’hôtel est à côté de la plage.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not changing tables.

I’m not changing tables. Je ne change pas de table.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not staying here; there are too many cockroaches in my room.

I’m not staying here; there are too many cockroaches in my room. Je ne reste pas ici; il y a trop de cafards dans ma chambre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not finding this film very interesting.

I’m not finding this film very interesting. Je ne trouve pas ce film très intéressant.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have any brothers or sisters, but I have lots of cousins.

I don’t have any brothers or sisters, but I have lots of cousins. Je n’ai pas de frères ou de sœurs, mais j’ai beaucoup de cousins.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t drink wine.

I don’t drink wine. Je ne bois pas de vin.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not taking any food with me; there are lots of restaurants there.

I’m not taking any food with me; there are lots of restaurants there. Je ne prends pas de nourriture avec moi; il y a beaucoup de restaurants là.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I don’t understand.

I’m sorry but I don’t understand. Je suis désolé mais je ne comprends pas.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t finish tonight until eight o’clock.

I don’t finish tonight until eight o’clock. Je ne finis pas ce soir jusqu’à vingt heures.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not angry.

I’m not angry. Je ne suis pas fâché.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not doing that now.

I’m not doing that now. Je ne fais pas ҫa maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not making dinner tonight; I’m going out with my friends.

I’m not making dinner tonight; I’m going out with my friends. Je ne fais pas le dîner ce soir; je sors avec mes amis.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. What I’ll do for this lesson’s practice section is give you a list of verbs that we can use to make up some sentences in the present tense. 1. attendre – to wait 2. réserver – to reserve 3. vendre – to sell 4. acheter – to buy 5. commencer – to start 6. sortir – to go out 7. partir – to leave 8. apporter – to bring 9. dépenser – to spend (money) 10. passer – to spend (time) 11. appeler – to call 12. essayer – to try 13. payer – to pay 14. louer – to hire 15. aller – to go 16. manger – to eat 17. changer – to change 18. rester – to stay 19. trouver – to find 20. faire – to make / to do 21. être – to be 22. dire – to say / to tell 23. avoir – to have 24. voir – to see 25. boire – to drink 26. prendre – to take 27. comprendre – to understand 28. apprendre – to learn 29. finir – to finish 30. choisir – to choose 31. mentir – to lie 32. dormir – to sleep

33. venir – to come 34. servir – to serve 35. sentir – to feel The first thing we should try and do is put all thirty-five of these verbs into the present tense. So, see if you can go through them all and change them into the present tense. The answers are on the next page.

Here are the answers: 1. j’attends – I wait / I’m waiting 2. je réserve – I reserve / I’m reserving 3. je vends – I sell / I’m selling 4. j’achète – I buy / I’m buying 5. je commence – I start / I’m starting 6. je sors – I go out / I’m going out 7. je pars – I leave / I’m leaving 8. j’apporte – I bring / I’m bringing 9. je dépense – I spend / I’m spending (money) 10. je passe – I spend / I’m spending (time) 11. j’appelle – I call / I’m calling 12. j’essaye – I try / I’m trying 13. je paye – I pay / I’m paying 14. je loue – I hire / I’m hiring 15. je vais – I go / I’m going 16. je mange – I eat / I’m eating 17. je change – I change / I’m changing 18. je reste – I stay / I’m staying 19. je trouve – I find / I’m finding 20. je fais – I make/do / I’m making/doing 21. je suis – I am / I’m being 22. je dis – I say/tell / I’m saying/telling 23. j’ai – I have / I’m having 24. je vois – I see / I’m seeing 25. je bois – I drink / I’m drinking 26. je prends – I take / I’m taking 27. je comprends – I understand 28. j’apprends – I learn / I’m learning 29. je finis – I finish / I’m finishing 30. je choisis – I choose / I’m choosing 31. je mens – I lie / I’m lying 32. je dors – I sleep / I’m sleeping 33. je viens – I come / I’m coming 34. je sers – I serve / I’m serving 35. je sens – I feel / I’m feeling

Now let’s have a go at saying some actual sentences in French using the verbs we’ve just been looking at.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I'm leaving tomorrow but not until the evening I'm not sleeping well I don't hire a car when I go on holiday; I take the bus I'm not lying; it's fantastic I understand that I'm buying something from Marseille for you I'm serving lunch to everybody at two o'clock I don't finish until next week I am happy today I'm bringing some food with me

1. 2. 3.

Je pars demain mais pas jusqu’au soir Je ne dors pas bien Je ne loue pas de voiture quand je vais en vacances; je prends le bus 4. Je ne mens pas; c’est fantastique 5. Je comprends ҫa 6. J’achète quelque chose de Marseille pour vous 7. Je sers le déjeuner à tout le monde à quatorze heures 8. Je ne finis pas jusqu’à la semaine prochaine 9. Je suis heureux aujourd’hui 10. J’apporte de la nourriture avec moi

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3.

Je ne passe pas les vacances ici; juste un jour Je ne mens pas Je n’appelle pas Marie jusqu’à demain parce qu’elle est trop occupée aujourd’hui 4. Je viens de Birmingham mais j’habite à Londres 5. Je ne sors pas ce soir; je suis trop fatigué 6. Je vais en vacances en France assez beaucoup 7. Je ne pars pas sans mon passeport 8. J’ai trop de choses à faire 9. Je n’attends pas le bus 10. Je ne mange pas de viande

1. 2. 3.

I'm not spending the holidays here, just one day I don't lie I'm not calling Marie until tomorrow because she's too busy today 4. I come from Birmingham but I live in London 5. I'm not going out tonight; I'm too tired 6. I go on holiday to France quite a lot 7. I'm not leaving without my passport 8. I have too many things to do 9. I'm not waiting for the bus 10. I don't eat meat

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

The chicken is perfect Do you want to go now? What do you want to try? The chemist's is straight on How are you going to pay? The hotel is very good It isn't for her; it's for him I'm going to eat that tomorrow I would like a taxi, please I tried to call Marie yesterday

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Le poulet est parfait Voulez-vous aller maintenant? Que voulez-vous essayer? La pharmacie est tout droit Comment allez-vous payer? L’hôtel est très bon Ce n’est pas pour elle; c’est pour lui Je vais manger cela demain Je voudrais un taxi, s’il vous plaît J’ai essayé d’appeler Marie hier

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Mon petit-déjeuner est terrible 2. Je voudrais un café, s’il vous plaît 3. Où est le cinéma? 4. Ils vont passer trois semaines aux États-Unis 5. C’est à six heures et quart 6. Je vais au Mexique la semaine prochaine 7. Est-ce que c’était très bon au restaurant hier? 8. Il est huit heures et demie 9. Le magasin est tout droit 10. Puis-je essayer le vin?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

My breakfast is terrible I would like a coffee, please Where is the cinema? They're going to spend three weeks in the United States It's at quarter past six I'm going to Mexico next week Was it very good at the restaurant yesterday? It's half past eight The shop is straight on May I try the wine?

LESSON 65 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I have I go I am I leave I go out I feel I lie I sleep I serve I call I buy I come If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s add a bit more to the tense we’ve been looking at…

The Present Tense So far, we’ve learnt how to conjugate a verb into the present tense for “vous” and for “je”. However, we know from having looked at the past tense that there are a few more people to talk about.

ENDINGS, ENDINGS, ENDINGS The key to the present tense is what we call “verb endings”. These are different things that we put on the end of the verb depending on who is doing the action.

What are verb endings? Changing the last letters of verbs might seem like a slightly strange concept, but we do it in English too, just not as much. Just take any verb in English and I’ll show you what I mean, let’s pick “to eat”. If you want to conjugate it into the present tense in English, you simply remove the word “to” and add any person to the front: I eat, we eat, they eat, you eat, he eats… Did you notice that when we say “he eats”, we have to put an “s” on the end? This is because whenever we talking about “he” or “she” or “Pierre” (or any name) or “it”, we have to add an “s” to the end of the verb. We do it automatically in English, without even thinking about it. You might not have even known it was a grammatical rule in English (I know I didn’t before I started learning French).

If you don’t put the “s” on the end in English, it sounds strange: He like eating chocolate (He likes eating chocolate) He speak English (He speaks English) It sounds a little bit strange if you miss the “s” off the end in English. Well, it’s the same in French, we know that you have to add “ez” to the end of the verb for “vous”, and for “ir” verbs and “re” verbs, you have to add an “s” for “je”. If you forget to add the endings, you’ll still be understood, but it will sound a little weird. So, in English, we have to add “s” to the end of the verb for “he/she/it”. Well, in French, you have to add different endings for every single person. Let’s stop wasting time and start learning them!

ER verbs I’ll take an “er” verb and conjugate it for you so that you can see what we have to put on the end for each person. You already know that we just remove the “r” for “je” and you add an “ez” for “vous”. PARLER – TO SPEAK je parle – I speak tu parles – you speak il parle – he speaks elle parle – she speaks nous parlons – we speak vous parlez – you speak ils parlent – they speak So, that’s how you conjugate “parler” into the present tense.

I – you – he – she – we – you – they You may have heard people saying things like “first person”, “second person” or “third person”. Well, these are actually grammatical terms used to say who is doing the action. First person means “I”, second person means “you” and third person means “he” or “she”. There are also singular and plural versions of each of these. I’ll clarify below with a little table:

FIRST PERSON SECOND PERSON THIRD PERSON

SINGULAR

PLURAL

I – je

we – nous

you – tu

you – vous

he/she – il/elle

they – ils

Actually, you could write that table on a card. If you remember just one grammatical name, try and make it the names for the different “persons”. It makes it easier to understand the explanations for some of the more complex grammar that we’ll learn later.

For example, the third person singular could be “he” or “she”, but it can also be “Pierre”, “Marie”, “everybody”, “nobody”, “everything”… All of these words take an “s” if you put a verb with them, so they’re all third person singular (he speaks, she speaks, Pierre speaks, Marie speaks, everybody speaks, nobody speaks, everything speaks…). Therefore, it’s easier for me just to say “this can be used for all the third person singular words” than “this can be used for he/she/Pierre/Marie/it/everybody/Michael/nobody/everything/the dog/Bernard…” So, here’s what you should put on a card:

The order of these “persons” will always be the same, no matter what language you’re learning. Conjugation tables (something which lays out how to conjugate a verb) always go: I you

he / she we you they Always, always, always… So, in reality, there are six different persons (he and she are classed as the same person).

So, let’s take another quick look at that conjugation table for the verb “parler”. This time, look at the different endings on each “person”. PARLER – TO SPEAK je parle – I speak tu parles – you speak il parle – he speaks elle parle – she speaks nous parlons – we speak vous parlez – you speak ils parlent – they speak

A general rule for conjugating an “er” verb would be: TEP 1: Remove the last two letters from the verb TEP 2: Add the appropriate ending

The appropriate endings! So, for all the “er” verbs, you remove the last two letters, and then you add…

je → e tu → es il/elle → e nous → ons vous → ez ils → ent So, let’s pick any random “er” verb and see if you can conjugate it fully into the present tense. The verb we’ll use for practising is “trouver” meaning “to find”

How would you say this in French?

I find.

I find. Je trouve.

How would you say this in French?

You find.

You find. Tu trouves. / Vous trouvez.

How would you say this in French?

He finds.

He finds. Il trouve.

How would you say this in French?

She finds.

She finds. Elle trouve.

How would you say this in French?

We find.

We find. Nous trouvons.

How would you say this in French?

They find.

They find. Ils trouvent.

How did you do? Did you manage to get them all right? If not, have another go and keep going until you do get them right. I remember when I first learnt these endings all those years ago, and I thought I’d never remember them. What I did on the way home from my French lessons was keep repeating them to myself in a little rhyme.

e – es – e – ons – ez – ent Well, it’s not a very good rhyme but it is really catchy. Say it again and again and again until you can’t get it out of your head, and then say it ten more times! The better you know these endings, the more quickly you’ll be able to conjugate the verbs. Eventually, you’ll reach a point where you don’t even have to think about how to conjugate the verb; it’ll just come out of your mouth automatically. If you keep conjugating and conjugating different verbs, you’ll get your ear tuned in to what sounds right. If you say it wrong, it’ll sound wrong, just like “he speak French” sounds bad, whereas “he speaks French” just sounds right.

e – es – e – ons – ez – ent

How would you say this in French?

I speak.

I speak. Je parle.

How would you say this in French?

You speak.

You speak. Tu parles. / Vous parlez.

How would you say this in French?

He speaks.

He speaks. Il parle.

How would you say this in French?

She speaks.

She speaks. Elle parle.

How would you say this in French?

We speak.

We speak. Nous parlons.

How would you say this in French?

They speak.

They speak. Ils parlent.

How would you say this in French?

I stay.

I stay. Je reste.

How would you say this in French?

You stay.

You stay. Tu restes. / Vous restez.

How would you say this in French?

He stays.

He stays. Il reste.

How would you say this in French?

She stays.

She stays. Elle reste.

How would you say this in French?

We stay.

We stay. Nous restons.

How would you say this in French?

They stay.

They stay. Ils restent.

How would you say this in French?

I try.

I try. J’essaye.

How would you say this in French?

You try.

You try. Tu essayes. / Vous essayez.

How would you say this in French?

He tries.

He tries. Il essaye.

How would you say this in French?

She tries.

She tries. Elle essaye.

How would you say this in French?

We try.

We try. Nous essayons.

How would you say this in French?

They try.

They try. Ils essayent.

So, that’s the “er” verbs done. It’s always the same:

E for JE ES for TU E for IL/ELLE ONS for NOUS EZ for VOUS ENT for ILS JOUER – TO PLAY je joue – I play tu joues – you play il/elle joue – he/she plays nous jouons – we play vous jouez – you play ils jouent – they play

IR verbs I’ll take an “ir” verb and conjugate it for you so that you can see what we have to put on the end for each person. FINIR – TO FINISH je finis – I finish tu finis – you finish il finit – he finishes elle finit – she finishes nous finissons – we finish vous finissez – you finish ils finissent – they finish So, that’s how you conjugate “finir” into the present tense.

A general rule for conjugating an “ir” verb would be: TEP 1: Remove the last two letters from the verb TEP 2: Add the appropriate ending

The appropriate endings! So, for all the “ir” verbs, you remove the last two letters, and then you add…

je → is tu → is il/elle → it nous → issons vous → issez ils → issent So, let’s pick any random “ir” verb and see if you can conjugate it fully into the present tense. The verb we’ll use for practising is “choisir” meaning “to choose”

How would you say this in French?

I choose.

I choose. Je choisis.

How would you say this in French?

You choose.

You choose. Tu choisis. / Vous choisissez.

How would you say this in French?

He chooses.

He chooses. Il choisit.

How would you say this in French?

She chooses.

She chooses. Elle choisit.

How would you say this in French?

We choose.

We choose. Nous choisissons.

How would you say this in French?

They choose.

They choose. Ils choisissent.

How did you do? Did you manage to get them all right? If not, have another go and keep going until you do get them right. Just like we did for the “er” verbs, we’ll make a little “rhyme” up for the “ir” verb endings. Just repeat this really catchy tune to yourself again and again and again.

is – is – it – issons – issez – issent

How would you say this in French?

I finish.

I finish. Je finis.

How would you say this in French?

You finish.

You finish. Tu finis. / Vous finissez.

How would you say this in French?

He finishes.

He finishes. Il finit.

How would you say this in French?

She finishes.

She finishes. Elle finit.

How would you say this in French?

We finish.

We finish. Nous finissons.

How would you say this in French?

They finish.

They finish. Ils finissent.

How would you say this in French?

I gain weight.

I gain weight. Je grossis.

How would you say this in French?

You gain weight.

You gain weight. Tu grossis. / Vous grossissez.

How would you say this in French?

He gains weight.

He gains weight. Il grossit.

How would you say this in French?

She gains weight.

She gains weight. Elle grossit.

How would you say this in French?

We gain weight.

We gain weight. Nous grossissons.

How would you say this in French?

They gain weight.

They gain weight. Ils grossissent.

How would you say this in French?

I succeed.

I succeed. Je réussis.

How would you say this in French?

You succeed.

You succeed. Tu réussis. / Vous réussissez.

How would you say this in French?

He succeeds.

He succeeds. Il réussit.

How would you say this in French?

She succeeds.

She succeeds. Elle réussit.

How would you say this in French?

We succeed.

We succeed. Nous réussissons.

How would you say this in French?

They succeed.

They succeed. Ils réussissent.

So, that’s the “ir” verbs done. It’s always the same:

IS for JE IS for TU IT for IL/ELLE ISSONS for NOUS ISSEZ for VOUS ISSENT for ILS MAIGRIR – TO LOSE WEIGHT je maigris – I lose weight tu maigris – you lose weight il/elle maigrit – he/she loses weight nous maigrissons – we lose weight vous maigrissez – you lose weight ils maigrissent – they lose weight

RE verbs I’ll take an “re” verb and conjugate it for you so that you can see what we have to put on the end for each person. VENDRE – TO SELL je vends – I sell tu vends – you sell il vend – he sells elle vend – she sells nous vendons – we sell vous vendez – you sell ils vendent – they sell So, that’s how you conjugate “vendre” into the present tense.

A general rule for conjugating an “re” verb would be: TEP 1: Remove the last two letters from the verb TEP 2: Add the appropriate ending

The appropriate endings! So, for all the “re” verbs, you remove the last two letters, and then you add…

je → s tu → s il/elle → (nothing) nous → ons vous → ez ils → ent So, let’s pick any random “re” verb and see if you can conjugate it fully into the present tense. The verb we’ll use for practising is “perdre” meaning “to lose”

How would you say this in French?

I lose.

I lose. Je perds.

How would you say this in French?

You lose.

You lose. Tu perds. / Vous perdez.

How would you say this in French?

He loses.

He loses. Il perd.

How would you say this in French?

She loses.

She loses. Elle perd.

How would you say this in French?

We lose.

We lose. Nous perdons.

How would you say this in French?

They lose.

They lose. Ils perdent.

How did you do? Did you manage to get them all right? If not, have another go and keep going until you do get them right. Just like we did for the “er” verbs and the “ir” verbs, we’ll make a little “rhyme” up for the “re” verb endings. Just repeat this really catchy tune to yourself again and again and again.

s – s – nothing – ons – ez – ent

How would you say this in French?

I wait.

I wait. J’attends.

How would you say this in French?

You wait.

You wait. Tu attends. / Vous attendez.

How would you say this in French?

He waits.

He waits. Il attend.

How would you say this in French?

She waits.

She waits. Elle attend.

How would you say this in French?

We wait.

We wait. Nous attendons.

How would you say this in French?

They wait.

They wait. Ils attendent.

How would you say this in French?

I sell.

I sell. Je vends.

How would you say this in French?

You sell.

You sell. Tu vends. / Vous vendez.

How would you say this in French?

He sells.

He sells. Il vend.

How would you say this in French?

She sells.

She sells. Elle vend.

How would you say this in French?

We sell.

We sell. Nous vendons.

How would you say this in French?

They sell.

They sell. Ils vendent.

So, that’s the “re” verbs done. It’s always the same:

S for JE S for TU nothing for IL/ELLE ONS for NOUS EZ for VOUS ENT for ILS PERDRE – TO LOSE je perds – I lose tu perds – you lose il/elle perd – he/she loses nous perdons – we lose vous perdez – you lose ils perdent – they lose

So, just to recap, here are the endings for all three types of verb in the present tense…

The appropriate endings Just remember that you start by removing the last two letters from the verb, and then you add these letters to the end: je tu il/elle nous vous ils (I) (you) (he/she) (we) (you) (they) ER e verbs IR is verbs RE s verbs

es

e

is

it

s

ons

ez

ent

issons issez issent ons

ez

ent

Here are three example verbs being conjugated into the present tense: ER je parle tu parles il / elle parle nous parlons vous parlez ils parlent

IR je finis tu finis

RE je perds tu perds

il / elle finit

il / elle perd

nous nous finissons perdons vous finissez vous perdez ils finissent ils perdent

The irregular verbs So, now you know the present tense. It’s all about learning those endings:

ER

IR

RE

e es e ons ez ent

is is it issons issez issent

s s / ons ez ent

These endings works for the vast majority of French verbs. However, there are a few little irregulars that chose to do their own thing and become exceptions to the rules! So, we’ll learn them now.

THE REALLY WEIRD THREE The first three irregular verbs are really odd, and there’s no pattern in them. However, it’s especially important to learn these three verbs inside out and back to front because they are three of the most common and most useful verbs in the French language. ALLER – TO GO je vais – I go tu vas – you go il/elle va – he/she goes nous allons – we go vous allez – you go ils vont – they go You should write this verb down onto a cue card, since it’s extremely useful. If you know it off by heart, you won’t go far wrong. In fact, it would be a good idea to write all the irregular verbs down onto little cue cards, so that you can memorise all their weirdness.

The next really weird irregular is quite similar to “aller” (the last irregular verb). If you look at how you conjugate “aller”, then take away the V from the start of those that start with a V, and change the LL to a V in those that contain an LL, you will have this next verb: AVOIR – TO HAVE j’ai – I have tu as – you have il/elle a – he/she has nous avons – we have vous avez – you have ils ont – they have And then this next verb completes the trio of really weird verbs: ÊTRE – TO BE je suis – I am tu es – you are il/elle est – he/she is nous sommes – we are vous êtes – you are ils sont – they are

THE LESS WEIRD SIX The next group of six verbs aren’t quite as strange as the last three, as you can see that some sort of pattern exists in them: VENIR – TO COME je viens – I come tu viens – you come il/elle vient – he/she comes nous venons – we come vous venez – you come ils viennent – they come FAIRE – TO DO / TO MAKE je fais – I do / I make tu fais – you do / you make il/elle fait – he/she does / he/she makes nous faisons – we do / we make vous faites – you do / you make ils font – they do / they make DIRE – TO SAY / TO TELL je dis – I say / I tell tu dis – you say / you tell il/elle dit – he/she says / he/she tells nous disons – we say / we tell vous dites – you say / you tell ils disent – they say / they tell

VOIR – TO SEE je vois – I see tu vois – you see il/elle voit – he/she sees nous voyons – we see vous voyez – you see ils voient – they see BOIRE – TO DRINK je bois – I drink tu bois – you drink il/elle boit – he/she drinks nous buvons – we drink vous buvez – you drink ils boivent – they drink CONDUIRE – TO DRIVE je conduis – I drive tu conduis – you drive il/elle conduit – he/she drives nous conduisons – we drive vous conduisez – you drive ils conduisent – they drive On the next page, we have three little verbs that follow a similar pattern. They’re not too irregular, but when you get to “we”, “you”, and “they”, they take a funny turn and lose the letter D.

THE 3 PRENDRE VERBS I call them “the three prendre verbs” because they all end in “prendre” and there are three of them: PRENDRE – TO TAKE je prends – I take tu prends – you take il/elle prend – he/she takes nous prenons – we take vous prenez – you take ils prennent – they take COMPRENDRE – TO UNDERSTAND je comprends – I understand tu comprends – you understand il/elle comprend – he/she understands nous comprenons – we understand vous comprenez – you understand ils comprennent – they understand APPRENDRE – TO LEARN j'apprends – I learn tu apprends – you learn il/elle apprend – he/she learns nous apprenons – we learn vous apprenez – you learn ils apprennent – they learn

THE 5 ODD CONJUGATION VERBS Finally, we have a group of five “ir” verbs, who have decided to create their own conjugation group. I have no idea why, but these verbs do something a little odd. When you conjugate them for “je”, “tu” and “il/elle”, they lose the consonant in front of the “ir” on the end. That means you basically remove the last THREE letters before adding the appropriate endings. Strange but true. The appropriate endings for this group of five verbs are virtually identical to the “re” verb endings. The only difference is that there is a T for he/she:

s – s – t – ons – ez – ent

DORMIR – TO SLEEP je dors – I sleep tu dors – you sleep il/elle dort – he/she sleeps nous dormons – we sleep vous dormez – you sleep ils dorment – they sleep PARTIR – TO LEAVE je pars – I leave tu pars – you leave il/elle part – he/she leaves nous partons – we leave vous partez – you leave ils partent – they leave SENTIR – TO FEEL je sens – I feel tu sens – you feel il/elle sent – he/she feels nous sentons – we feel vous sentez – you feel ils sentent – they feel

SORTIR – TO GO OUT je sors – I go out tu sors – you go out il/elle sort – he/she goes out nous sortons – we go out vous sortez – you go out ils sortent – they go out SERVIR – TO SERVE je sers – I serve tu sers – you serve il/elle sert – he/she serves nous servons – we serve vous servez – you serve ils senvent – they serve

And, well, that’s most of the irregular verbs in the present tense. There are a few others, but they’re not as common, so we’ll learn those as we come to them in later lessons.

A QUICK RECAP THE REALLY WEIRD THREE aller – to go avoir – to have être – to be THE THREE PRENDRE VERBS prendre – to take comprendre – to understand apprendre – to learn

THE LESS WEIRD SIX venir – to come faire – to do/make dire – to say/tell voir – to see boire – to drink conduire – to drive THE FIVE ODD CONJUGATION VERBS dormir – to sleep partir – to leave sentir – to feel sortir – to go out servir – to serve

Now that we’ve learnt that huge list of seventeen irregular verbs, let’s practice them. How would you say this in French?

They are going on holiday next week.

They are going on holiday next week. Ils vont en vacances la semaine prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is going to Paris with me tomorrow, and we’re going there by train.

Pierre is going to Paris with me tomorrow, and we’re going there by train. Pierre va à Paris avec moi demain, et nous allons là en train.

How would you say this in French?

You have my passport at your house.

You have my passport at your house. Tu as mon passeport chez toi. / Vous avez mon passeport chez vous.

How would you say this in French?

I have everything here with me.

I have everything here with me. J’ai tout ici avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

They have the tickets for tomorrow.

They have the tickets for tomorrow. Ils ont les billets pour demain.

How would you say this in French?

They’ve been here for two hours.

They’ve been here for two hours. Ils sont ici depuis deux heures.

How would you say this in French?

Sophie is in a hurry.

Sophie is in a hurry. Sophie est pressée.

How would you say this in French?

They’re coming to our house next Thursday, and they’re spending two weeks here.

They’re coming to our house next Thursday, and they’re spending two weeks here. Ils viennent chez nous jeudi prochain, et ils passent deux semaines ici.

How would you say this in French?

He’s making dinner for us at six o’clock.

He’s making dinner for us at six o’clock. Il fait le dîner pour nous à dix-huit heures.

How would you say this in French?

I’m making something special for you.

I’m making something special for you. Je fais quelque chose de spécial pour toi.

How would you say this in French?

You’re doing it now.

You’re doing it now. Tu le fais maintenant. / Vous le faites maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

We’re driving to London tonight.

We’re driving to London tonight. Nous conduisons à Londres ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

I’m driving there in Marco’s car.

I’m driving there in Marco’s car. Je conduis là dans la voiture de Marco.

How would you say this in French?

They’re going out tonight.

They’re going out tonight. Ils sortent ce soir.

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

We're going to the cinema tonight and then we're eating at the restaurant next to the hotel 2. They have a bottle of wine 3. I think you're very funny 4. He's coming to the theatre with Sophie next week 5. She's doing everything today because we're going on holiday on Friday 6. I see Pierre every Tuesday when I go to the supermarket 7. They're drinking a bottle of red wine with dinner 8. You're driving to London and then you're going to Marseille by plane 9. She's taking the passports with her because I lost them last year 10. We've been learning French for three years

1.

Nous allons au cinéma ce soir et puis nous mangeons au restaurant à côté de l’hôtel 2. Ils ont une bouteille de vin 3. Pour moi, tu es / vous êtes très drôle 4. Il vient au théâtre avec Sophie la semaine prochaine 5. Elle fait tout aujourd’hui parce que nous allons en vacances vendredi 6. Je vois Pierre tous les mardis quand je vais au supermarché 7. Ils boivent une bouteille de vin rouge avec le dîner 8. Tu conduis / Vous conduisez à Londres et puis tu vas / vous allez à Marseille en avion 9. Elle prend les passeports avec elle parce que je les ai perdus l’année dernière 10. Nous apprenons le français depuis trois ans

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Je dors ici ce soir Ils partent bientôt parce que le train pour Nice part à trois heures Ils servent le petit-déjeuner de sept heures à dix heures à l’hôtel Nous attendons Michelle et Pierre mais je ne sais pas où ils sont Tout le monde ici parle anglais Ils finissent à sept heures Je mange ici demain avec Marie Ils changent la réservation parce qu’ils sont occupés jusqu’à dix-neuf heures 9. Nous louons une voiture pour deux jours parce que je veux conduire à Marseille de Nice 10. J’achète quelque chose de la région pour mon ami

1. 2.

I'm sleeping here tonight They're leaving soon because the train for Nice leaves at three o'clock 3. They serve breakfast from seven o'clock until ten o'clock at the hotel 4. We're waiting for Michelle and Pierre but I don't know where they are 5. Everybody here speaks English 6. They finish at seven o'clock 7. I'm eating here tomorrow with Marie 8. They're changing the reservation because they're busy until seven o'clock 9. We're hiring a car for two days because I want to drive to Marseille from Nice 10. I'm buying something from the region for my friend

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

I'm at Marie’s house Do you want to finish it tomorrow? Lunch is at three o’clock I'm going to the toilet I would like another coffee, please Whom do you like? I would like this in dark blue I'm not going to have a croissant I would like a taxi for eight people at five O’clock, please, and the address is “18 Rue de Paris” 10. Do you have this jacket in black?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Je suis chez Marie Voulez-vous le finir demain? Le déjeuner est à quinze heures Je vais aux toilettes Je voudrais encore un café, s’il vous plaît Qui aimes-tu? / Qui aimez-vous? Je voudrais ceci en bleu foncé Je ne vais pas prendre un croissant Je voudrais un taxi pour huit personnes à dix-sept heures, s’il vous plaît, et l’adresse est "dix-huit Rue de Paris" 10. As-tu / Avez-vous ce blouson en noir?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Voulez-vous essayer la nourriture ici ce soir? 2. Tournez à droite au rond-point 3. Le canal est tout droit 4. Je vais chez Pierre demain 5. Où voulez-vous aller? 6. As-tu / Avez-vous ce blouson en gris? 7. Tout le monde est très sympa et la nourriture est délicieuse 8. As-tu / Avez-vous un manteau en violet? 9. Ҫa c’est une très grande table 10. As-tu / Avez-vous des pommes?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Do you want to try the food here tonight? Turn right at the roundabout The canal is straight on I'm going to Pierre's house tomorrow Where do you want to go? Do you have this jacket in grey? Everybody is very nice and the food is delicious Do you have a coat in purple? That’s a very big table Do you have any apples?

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixty-three to sixty-five of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixty-six to sixty-eight, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 66 – 68 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 63-65”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 66 LESSON 67 LESSON 68 Merci

LESSON 66 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? you eat / you’re eating you don’t eat / you’re not eating do you eat? / are you eating? don't you eat? / aren’t you eating? eat! don't eat! If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

BUILDING STRUCTURES – STRUCTURES 2 In this lesson, I’m going to introduce you to the second structure in French. This structure uses the present tense to form questions and statements in a very similar fashion to the first structure.

Structure two uses the present tense to form questions and statements in a very similar fashion to structure 1. Structure 2 is probably my favourite structure in French (although I do like them all). It consists of just two parts and here is an example of it in use:

Que mangez-vous? What are you eating?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its core components and given each component a name (just like I did for the last structure):

Que 2mangez-vous? 1What 2are you eating? 1

MANGEZVOUS

2

QUE

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

INVERTED PRESENT TENSE

ARE Y0U EATING

Structure 2 will be easier for you to pick up, mainly because you already know all the question words. Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom So, what we can now do with this second structure is start to build up questions using the two parts (question word – inverted present tense).

Have a go and try to write down as many questions as you can think of just by using a question word and then the inverted present tense. Here are a few example questions to get you started: Where do I pay? – Où paye-je? What do I do? – Que fais-je? Where are you going? – Où allez-vous? What are you drinking? – Que buvez-vous? What are you eating? – Que mangez-vous? By doing this, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarized with the vocabulary and structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together.

How would you say this in French?

Where are we going?

Where are we going? Où allons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

How are you paying?

How are you paying? Comment payez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

When are we going out?

When are we going out? Quand sortons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

What are you trying?

What are you trying? Qu’essayez-vous? Just note that the word QUE shortens to QU’ when you put it in front of a word that starts with a vowel or a H. For example: qu’essayez-vous

How would you say this in French?

What is he eating?

What is he eating? Que mange-t-il? Just note that when you use “il” or “elle” and the verb ends in a vowel, you have to put a ‘t’ in between to join the words together. For example: manget-il

By building questions using structure two, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and the structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in French. So, let’s do a few more:

What are you doing?

What are you doing? Que faites-vous?

How would you say this in French?

How is he paying?

How is he paying? Comment paye-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are they trying?

What are they trying? Qu’essayent-ils?

THE THIRD PART Just like with structure 1, in structure 2 there is also an optional part you can put on the end: the “Extra Information”. The extra information are all the nouns, adjectives, time words etc… We can add the extra information on to the end of the question to add extra information. For example:

Que faites-vous ce soir? What are you doing tonight? Où mangez-vous demain? Where are you eating tomorrow? Où allez-vous maintenant? Where are you going now?

How would you say this in French?

What are you doing now?

What are you doing now? Que faites-vous maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

What are you buying for Pierre?

What are you buying for Pierre? Qu’achetez-vous pour Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What time are we eating later?

What time are we eating later? À quelle heure mangeons-nous plus tard?

You can manipulate structure two in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don’t always have to stick a question word on the start. Let’s see what happens when you don’t put the question word on.

How would you say this in French?

Are you eating?

Are you eating? Mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are they eating here?

Are they eating here? Mangent-ils ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are you paying the bill?

Are you paying the bill? Payez-vous l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Are you buying some cheese?

Are you buying some cheese? Achetez-vous du fromage?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going now?

Are you going now? Allez-vous maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Am I paying the bill?

Am I paying the bill? Paye-je l’addition?

INVERTED PRESENT TENSE The present tense is made up of two words: the pronoun and the verb. JE MANGE I EAT PRONOUN + VERB If you swap these two elements around (invert them), you have to put a hyphen in the middle. This makes them into a question.

Vous mangez. You’re eating. Mangez-vous? Are you eating? Inverting works fine for all persons except one, the third person singular (il/elle/on). I’ll talk about this exception below but, for now, let me show you how it works normally:

je mange – mange-je? tu manges – manges-tu? nous mangeons – mangeons-nous ? vous mangez – mangez-vous ? ils mangent – mangent-ils ?

INVERTING WITH IL/ELLE Whenever you invert the present tense, you simply swap the pronoun and the verb around and put a hyphen in the middle. However, if you want to invert with “il” or “elle”, there’s an extra little thing to remember.

il mange he eats / he’s eating mange-t-il?

does he eat? / is he eating? Whenever you invert with “il” or “elle”, you have to put a little –t– in between the verb and the pronoun, if the verb ends in a vowel. This is simply because it sounds nicer to French ears, there’s no other reason. If the verb doesn’t end in a vowel, you don’t have to bother.

elle comprend she understands comprend-elle? does she understand? There’s no vowel on the end of “comprend”, so you don’t need to put a –t– in between the verb and the pronoun.

il parle – parle-t-il? il mange – mange-t-il? il part – part-il ? il comprend – comprend-il ? il réserve – réserve-t-il ?

A QUICK RECAP You already know all the question words, so let me give you a list of some of the more common inverted present tense verbs. Then we can start making up lots of questions for Structure 2. Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom Inverted present tense mangez-vous? – are you eating? boit-il? – is he drinking? commandes-tu? – are you ordering? essayons-nous? – are we trying? payez-vous? – are you paying? fait-elle? – is she doing? louons-nous? – are we hiring? va-t-il? – is he going? prenez-vous? – are you taking? a-t-elle? – does she have? changeons-nous? – are we changing? achète-je? – am I buying? commencez-vous? – are you starting? sont-ils? – are they? sortons-nous? – are we going out? partent-ils? – are they leaving? apportez-vous? – are you bringing? dépense-t-il? – is he spending (money)?

passe-t-il? – is he spending (time)? voyons-nous? – are we seeing? appelles-tu? – are you calling? restent-ils? – are they staying? trouvez-vous? – do you find?

How would you say this in French?

What is he doing?

What is he doing? Que fait-il?

How would you say this in French?

How are you paying the bill?

How are you paying the bill? Comment payez-vous l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Which one is she buying?

Which one is she buying? Quel achète-t-elle?

How would you say this in French?

Why are we hiring a car?

Why are we hiring a car? Pourquoi louons-nous une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

How much are you eating?

How much are you eating? Combien mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you hiring a car?

Where are you hiring a car? Où louez-vous une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

When are they eating?

When are they eating? Quand mangent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going?

What time are you going? À quelle heure allez-vous?

DO vs. -ING Now, English has more ways of saying the same thing as French does. So, sometimes things can get a little confusing. When you’re asking a question using structure 2 in English, there are two ways to say it:

What are you eating? 2What do you eat?

1

In French, these are both the same:

Que mangez-vous? This is because, firstly, there is no –ing in French, and secondly, the little question word “do” doesn’t exist in French either. If neither of those words exist, all you have left is “What you eat?”, so to make it into a question, the French flip the verb and the pronoun around.

“What eat-you?” Que mangez-vous ? So, because the –ing doesn’t exist, we can say that, in French, there is no “am-ing”, “is-ing” or “are-ing” (where am I going? / where is he going? / where are you going?). Therefore, whenever you see that, just look at what the verb is.

Where are you going? Where you go? (Where go-you?)

Où allez-vous? Similarly, that little question word “do” that often appears in English questions, doesn’t exist in French. So, just ignore it!

When do you leave? When you leave? (When leave-you?) Quand partez-vous? So, there is to be no “-ing” nor “do” in French questions! And, there are two ways to ask questions in English, whereas there is just the one way in French:

Que mangez-vous? What do you eat? / What are you eating?

Quand partez-vous? When do you leave? / When are you leaving?

Quand viennent-ils? When do they come? / When are they coming?

WHAT DO YOU DO? You’ll notice in the questions on the previous page that there are two “do” words. The first one is the “question do”, the second is the actual verb, which is the one you use in French. So, in French:

What do you do? Que faites-vous? Remember, there are two ways to ask the question in English, so:

Que faites-vous? What do you do? / What are you doing?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you eating?

Where are you eating? Où mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you eat?

Where do you eat? Où mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

When does he finish?

When does he finish? Quand finit-il?

How would you say this in French?

When is he finishing?

When is he finishing? Quand finit-il?

How would you say this in French?

When do we arrive?

When do we arrive? Quand arrivons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

When are we arriving?

When are we arriving? Quand arrivons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you say that?

Why do you say that? Pourquoi dites-vous ça?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you saying that?

Why are you saying that? Pourquoi dites-vous ça?

How would you say this in French?

What are they doing?

What are they doing? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they do?

What do they do? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they drink?

What do they drink? Que boivent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What are they drinking?

What are they drinking? Que boivent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What are you eating?

What are you eating? Que mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What do you eat?

What do you eat? Que mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where is he going?

Where is he going? Où va-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

Where does he go?

Where does he go? Où va-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are they saying?

What are they saying? Que disent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they say here?

What do they say here? Que disent-ils ici?

How would you say this in French?

Does he speak English?

Does he speak English? Parle-t-il anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Is he speaking English?

Is he speaking English? Parle-t-il anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Does she arrive tomorrow?

Does she arrive tomorrow? Arrive-t-elle demain?

How would you say this in French?

Is she arriving tomorrow?

Is she arriving tomorrow? Arrive-t-elle demain?

How would you say this in French?

What time do they leave tonight?

What time do they leave tonight? À quelle heure partent-ils ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

What time are they leaving tonight?

What time are they leaving tonight? À quelle heure partent-ils ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

How many pizzas are you ordering?

How many pizzas are you ordering? Combien de pizzas commandez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

How many pizzas do you order, usually?

How many pizzas do you order, usually? Combien de pizzas commandez-vous, d’habitude?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine does he drink?

How much wine does he drink? Combien de vin boit-il?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine is he drinking?

How much wine is he drinking? Combien de vin boit-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are they making?

What are they making? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they make?

What do they make? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Are you trying the wine?

Are you trying the wine? Essayez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Do you try the wine?

Do you try the wine? Essayez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Are you making a reservation?

Are you making a reservation? Faites-vous une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Do you make a reservation, usually?

Do you make a reservation, usually? Faites-vous une réservation, d’habitude?

How would you say this in French?

What are you having?

What are you having? Qu’avez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What do you have?

What do you have? Qu’avez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where are they eating tomorrow?

Where are they eating tomorrow? Où mangent-ils demain?

How would you say this in French?

Are you eating with me today?

Are you eat with me today? Mangez-vous avec moi aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

When is he calling?

When is he calling? Quand appelle-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

When does he call?

When does he call? Quand appelle-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are you ordering for us?

What are you ordering for us? Que commandez-vous pour nous?

How would you say this in French?

Is she ordering for me as well?

Is she ordering for me as well? Commande-t-elle pour moi aussi?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you here?

Why are you here? Pourquoi êtes-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Why are they here?

Why are they here? Pourquoi sont-ils ici?

How would you say this in French?

What are you doing here?

What are you doing here? Que faites-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Which one is she buying?

Which one is she buying? Quel achète-t-elle?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you have?

Which ones do you have? Quels avez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you being stupid?

Are you being stupid? Êtes-vous stupide?

How would you say this in French?

Are we leaving soon?

Are we leaving soon? Partons-nous bientôt?

How would you say this in French?

Do we leave soon?

Do we leave soon? Partons-nous bientôt?

How would you say this in French?

Are you drinking the wine?

Are you drinking the wine? Buvez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Do you drink wine?

Do you drink wine? Buvez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to France?

How are you going to France? Comment allez-vous en France?

How would you say this in French?

When are they going out?

When are they going out? Quand sortent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

When do they go out?

When do they go out? Quand sortent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going out later?

Are you going out later? Sortez-vous plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Is he leaving today?

Is he leaving today? Part-il aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Is he here?

Is he here? Est-il ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are we speaking with Marie?

Are we speaking with Marie? Parlons-nous avec Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you calling?

Whom are you calling? Qui appelez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What are you taking with you tomorrow?

What are you taking with you tomorrow? Que prenez-vous avec vous demain?

How would you say this in French?

What do you take with you?

What do you take with you? Que prenez-vous avec vous?

How would you say this in French?

What are they changing?

What are they changing? Que changent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Why are they changing the reservation?

Why are they changing the reservation? Pourquoi changent-ils la réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Where are we staying tonight?

Where are we staying tonight? Où restons-nous ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Are you staying here?

Are you staying here? Restez-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Does he stay here very often?

Does he stay here very often? Reste-t-il ici très souvent?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you eating?

What time are you eating? À quelle heure mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Which one are you taking?

Which one are you taking? Quel prenez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going with them?

Why are you going with them? Pourquoi allez-vous avec eux?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you go with them?

Why do you go with them? Pourquoi allez-vous avec eux?

How would you say this in French?

Why are they going to Paris?

Why are they going to Paris? Pourquoi vont-ils à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Why do they go to Paris?

Why do they go to Paris? Pourquoi vont-ils à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you taking that?

Why are you taking that? Pourquoi prenez-vous ça ?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you take that?

Why do you take that? Pourquoi prenez-vous ça?

How would you say this in French?

Whom is he telling?

Whom is he telling? Qui dit-il?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you seeing?

Whom are you seeing? Qui voyez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What are they bringing?

What are they bringing? Qu’apportent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Where is she going tonight?

Where is she going tonight? Où va-t-elle ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going now?

Why are you going now? Pourquoi allez-vous maintenant?

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. What are you buying for Marie? 2. Where is she going tomorrow? 3. What time are we eating at the restaurant tonight? 4. Why are they changing the reservation? 5. Are you trying some French food later? 6. Is Pierre ordering a bottle of wine for the table? 7. What time are they going out tomorrow? 8. What are they taking on holiday? 9. When does the film start? 10. What is she doing at university?

1. Qu’achètes-tu pour Marie? / Qu’achetez-vous pour Marie? 2. Où va-t-elle demain? 3. À quelle heure mangeons-nous au restaurant ce soir? 4. Pourquoi changent-ils la réservation? 5. Essayes-tu / Essayez-vous de la nourriture française plus tard? 6. Pierre commande-t-il une bouteille de vin pour la table? 7. À quelle heure sortent-ils demain? 8. Que prennent-ils en vacances? 9. Quand le film commence-t-il? 10. Que fait-elle à l’université?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Où passes-tu les vacances cette année? 2. Apportent-ils quelque chose pour les enfants? 3. Qui appelle-t-elle ? 4. Pourquoi louons-nous une voiture? 5. Combien commandez-vous? 6. A-t-elle le temps de venir avec nous? 7. Combien d’argent dépense-t-il? 8. Restent-ils ici avec vous ou à l’hôtel? 9. À quelle heure partons-nous? 10. Combien de temps passe-t-elle à l’étranger?

1. Where are you spending the holidays this year? 2. Are they bringing something for the children? 3. Whom is she calling? 4. Why are we hiring a car? 5. How much are you ordering? 6. Does she have the time to come with us? 7. How much money is he spending? 8. Are they staying here with you or at the hotel? 9. What time are we leaving? 10. How much time is she spending abroad?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I would like a table for four, please Excuse me, what time is it? My dinner is terrible Yes, everything is very good, thank you The chicken is absolutely terrible Are you going to order a tea? It’s at half past five I’m not going to Pierre’s house tomorrow Go straight on and then turn right Have we done everything for tomorrow?

1. Je voudrais une table pour quatre, s’il vous plaît 2. Excusez-moi, quelle heure est-il? 3. Mon dîner est terrible 4. Oui, tout est très bon, merci 5. Le poulet est absolument terrible 6. Vas-tu / Allez-vous commander un thé? 7. C’est à cinq heures et demi 8. Je ne vais pas chez Pierre demain 9. Allez tout droit et puis tournez à droite 10. Avons-nous fait tout pour demain?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Pour aller au commissariat de police? Je vais louer une voiture ici Le magasin est à droite Est-il occupé demain? C’est cinquante euros pour deux personnes Je ne suis pas fatigué Je ne vais pas au restaurant ce soir; je suis trop occupé Je voudrais deux billets pour Paris J’ai réservé une table pour trois personnes, mais je voudrais la changer à quatre personnes 10. Je ne le comprends pas

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

How do I get to the police station? I’m going to hire a car here The shop is on the right Is he busy tomorrow? It’s fifty euros for two people I’m not tired I’m not going to the restaurant tonight; I’m too busy I would like two tickets for Paris I’ve booked a table for three people, but I would like to change it to four people 10. I don’t understand him

LESSON 67 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? What are you eating? What do you eat? Where is he going? What are they saying? Does he speak English? Is he speaking English? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s have an entire lesson on French pronunciation:

La prononciation française I’ll start this lesson by saying that your French pronunciation doesn’t have to be perfect. You aren’t French, after all! However, the closer you can get to sounding French, the more mistakes you can get away with. This is because if you make a mistake whilst speaking French with an English sounding accent, it’ll stick out and people will notice it (although they most probably won’t say anything). However, if you make a mistake whilst speaking French with a very French sounding accent, there’s a better chance of it going unnoticed. The reason for this is because it isn’t just foreigners who make mistakes. People make mistakes in their own language all the time. That’s why they go unnoticed. It’s just that if you make the mistake with a strange accent, it stands out more. I remember when I was at university and there was a student from Russia who spoke English with a perfect British accent. If you were to speak to him, you probably wouldn’t realise he wasn’t from Britain. Then there was another student who came from Greece. This second student spoke English with a very strong Greek accent, which sometimes made it a little difficult to understand him. Through my daily conversations with both students, I always assumed that the Russian student spoke better English than the Greek student. However, when I read through two essays written by both students, I was shocked. The Russian student’s essay was littered with mistakes, whereas the Greek student’s essay was written in absolutely perfect English. Since reading their essays, I took closer notice to both of them when they spoke English. I realised that even though the Russian student had a very good British accent, he made lots of grammatical errors, but I just hadn’t noticed them

before because his good accent hid them. The Greek student, on the other hand, actually spoke pretty perfect English and hardly ever made a grammatical error. Yet, if you heard him speak, because he had such a strong Greek accent, it didn’t sound like he was speaking good English. Having good pronunciation can hide a myriad mistakes when speaking a foreign language. It’s easier to understand somebody who pronounces words clearly even if they make lots of mistakes, than somebody whose foreign accent is very strong. French isn’t too difficult to pronounce anyway. Most of the letters are pronounced exactly the same as they are in English, there are just a few little differences that I shall cover now.

Les consonnes THE CONSONANTS

THE FRENCH C The letter C in French has three different pronunciations, just like in English. cadeau

A

present / gift

If a C is followed by an A, O, U, L or R, it’s C U pronounced hard, like the C in CAT in English. L O

couleur colour

culture culture

clé key

crayon

R

pencil

cela E If a C is followed by an that E, I or soft Y, it’s C I pronounced soft, like cigarette cigarette the C in CITY in cyclisme Y English. cycling The letter C followed chose thing by a H has two different pronunciations. chanter Usually, it’s like the SH to sing C H in the English word SHAME. However, if chrétien Christian it’s followed by an R or an L, it’s pronounced chlore chlorine like a K. Ҫ

Do you remember our little friend ҫ (the cedilla)?

ҫa that

déçu disappointed

Whenever you see one of these, the C is always pronounced like an S.

français French

leçon lesson

THE FRENCH G Just like the letter C, the letter G in French also has three different pronunciations. garanti

A

guaranteed

O If a G is followed by an A, O, U, L or R, it’s G U pronounced hard, like the G in GOAT in L English. R

golf golf

guide guide

glacer to freeze

grand big / tall

géant E If a G is followed by an giant E, I or soft Y, it’s girafe G I pronounced soft, like giraffe the G in MIRAGE in gymnase Y English. gym oignon The combination of GN onion in French produces the agneau same sort of sound as lamb G N the N in the English mignon cute word ONION. It’s araignée almost like an NY. spider

THE FRENCH H The letter H is never pronounced in French. C’est horrible! histoire

history / story

hérisson hedgehog

heureux happy

THE FRENCH J The letter J is very soft in French. It’s the same sound as the G in the English word MIRAGE je I

joli pretty

jeune young

THE FRENCH S The letter S in French has two different pronunciations. frisé curly

visage

In between 2 vowels

face

If an S is between two vowels, télévision television it’s pronounced like a Z oser to dare

usine factory

Any other occasion

-

Anywhere else that you see the letter S in French, it’s pronounced like the S in SAND in English. This includes when an S is: at the beginning of words a double SS in front of a consonant *An S at the end of a word in French is silent

sale dirty

poisson fish

spécial special

destin destiny

science science

Mesdames et messieurs (ladies and gentlemen), here we have one letter which could make or break your French accent…………. the French R! (We’ll have a round of applause, please)

THE FRENCH R The French R is probably the most distinctive letter in French. It’s nothing like an English R; it’s pronounced in the back of the throat and almost sounds like the CH when the Scottish people say, “Loch Ness”. If you can get this letter right, you’ll sound very French, but don’t worry if you can’t get it right away – keep practising and it’ll come soon! The only time the letter R isn’t pronounced in French is when you have a verb that ends in “ER”. regarder to watch (silent last R)

finir to finish

attendre to wait

So, that’s all the weird consonants covered. Every time you come across a new word, use these pronunciation guides to learn how to say it. Now, let’s move onto the vowels.

Les voyelles THE VOWELS

Now, firstly, I’ll just say this. France is a very big country and there are also other francophone (French speaking) countries all over the world (more than 30 of them!). This means that there are many different accents in French, just like there are in English (I’m talking about the way people speak, not the little lines above the letters, which are also called accents – just in case you were wondering). The biggest thing that makes accents different is the way that the vowels are pronounced. So, if you travel through France, you’ll notice people pronounce words differently, depending on where you are. This is just the same as if you go to Scotland, America, Australia, England or Nigeria – everybody speaks English, but they pronounce the words slightly differently. If you get the chance to travel to different French speaking countries, you’ll notice how differently people speak in France to Canada, Senegal or the Seychelles. In these books, I’ll show you the most common way to pronounce the words, which is the way that will be understood by all French speakers. However, the fact that there are many different accents all over France and the French speaking world is a good thing for us learners. It means that if we pronounce a word slightly wrong, we’ll still be understood because the French are used to hearing lots of different ways of saying things. In the next section, we’re going to be looking at the pronunciation of vowels in French. You’ll notice that there are many subtle changes with the different vowels when they’re put with different letters. I wouldn’t bother spending too long looking at these differences, just keep them in the back of your mind. It can be off-putting if you spend too long examining and trying to memorise all the differences. Just have a quick glance and then remember that it’s best just to learn the pronunciation for each word as you go along. And, if you get the pronunciation wrong, well… as the French say – c’est la vie (that’s life). At the end of this lesson, I’ll tell you a little something about getting a good French accent that you won’t find anywhere else. So, read on…

USEFUL VOWEL TIPS A lot of the time in French, you can use your English instinct to work out how to pronounce the vowels. However, here are a few tips to help you along.

A

Most of the time, if you see an A with no other vowels, you just pronounce it like the A in the English words CAT and APPLE.

There aren’t too many surprises when it comes to the E. The only thing to really watch out for is when it’s at the end of a word with no accent; it’s not pronounced. The consonant in front of it is pronounced, however.

E

ent ant ont

Words in English that end in -ent and -ant are the same in French. The ending of these words, however, is pronounced like the ON in the English word CON (you don’t pronounce the T. E.g. different, important, obedient…)

The letter I in French is usually pronounced like the letter I in the English word IGLOO.

O

I

A rule of thumb would be to pronounce the French O like the O in the English words ON or OFF.

Pronounce the French U like the U in the name SUSAN.

OU

U

When you see an OU together in French, it’s pronounced like the U in the English word CRUEL

Glottal Stop “What on Earth is a glottal stop?” I hear you cry! Well, give me a second and I’ll tell you. A glottal stop is where the throat closes and then opens quickly, releasing a slight burst of air. You make a glottal stop at the start of words like ate or ouch. The French don’t tend to like glottal stops, and that’s why you’ll see every possible way of avoiding them. “Le hôtel” has a glottal stop at the start of the word “hôtel”. That’s why they link the two words together with an apostrophe to make a nice fluid sound in “l’hôtel”. You see it all the time. Whenever there is a word that starts with a H or a vowel, the LE or LA will become L’ so it doesn’t have a glottal stop. le avion (Eugh! What an awful glottal stop) the plane l’avion (Like music to a French person’s ears) the plane Last lesson, we were talking about inversion (flipping the pronoun around with the verb). When we got to “il/elle”, I said that you had to put a T in the middle of the verb and the “il/elle” to make it sound nicer. Well, this is another glottal stop avoidance technique. parle-il? (there’s a glottal stop in front of the il)

is he speaking? parle-t-il? (the T helps the two words flow together)

is he speaking? va-elle? (Aaaaaah! It’s like nails on a chalkboard)

is she going? va-t-elle? (Wow! What a difference a T makes)

is she going?

Another glottal stop avoidance technique you’ll notice when French people are speaking is to pronounce the consonant on the end of a word when the next word starts with a vowel. This isn’t mandatory; you can choose whether you want to do it or not. However, if you start doing it now, it’ll become second nature pretty soon and it will sound odd in your own mind if you don’t do it. c'est ici (pronouncing the T makes the whole thing slide together)

it’s here je voudrais aller (pronouncing the S gets rid of the glottal stop)

I would like to go

MY ACCENT STORY imitation is the key When I first started learning French, I hadn’t learnt any other languages and I hadn’t had any experience with French accents, so I was speaking French like, well, an English person. For many years, I wanted a French accent, but I didn’t have a clue how to achieve it. I had four different French teachers throughout my school French classes. The first teacher was very good at French and had a very good French accent – her mum was French, so that’s where she’d picked it up. The second teacher was French, so obviously her French accent was native, but when she spoke English it was often difficult to understand her (this was one of the reasons why I wanted a French accent so badly; I didn’t want people not being able to understand me when I spoke in French!). The third and fourth teachers were very good at writing French, but their French accents were terrible (according to my second French teacher, who complained she couldn’t understand them when they spoke French). So, I just gave up and thought I’d never get a French accent, so the best thing to do would be to speak slowly and hope to be understood. So, for a longtime afterwards, whenever I went to France on holiday, or spoke to a French person, I spoke slowly but in a very English accent. This wasn’t a problem at all; everybody could understand me, it’s just they knew I was English. However, after studying French for six years, I went to study at a university for a year in the south of France in a town called Aix-en-Provence. When I first went there, everybody could tell I was English, but after a month or two, French people were asking me whereabouts in France I was from. I’d finally achieved a French accent, and even French natives thought I was French! Now, you may think that this was all because I was living in France and absorbing it all naturally, but you’d be wrong. In fact, some of my English

university class mates who went to France for a lot longer than I did came back with their English accents still fully intact. So, what was my secret? Well, it all happened by accident. When I went to live in France, I was originally meant to be studying at the university there. However, somehow I ended up getting to France a week late, and all the classes were full, meaning there was no room for me! There was no space for me in the lecture halls, so I was told I couldn’t attend lectures and that I should complete all my assignments at home. This meant I was spending a LOT of time alone in my room writing essays. Not the best way to spend my time in France – or so you’d think. Everybody had told me in preparation for my time abroad that if I didn’t talk to people and involve myself in French society, my French wouldn’t improve at all. However, back then I was an extremely shy person and I found it too daunting to go out and meet people to talk to. I was also very nervous about living in a foreign country, so I didn’t really go out much in the first few weeks; I simply sat writing my essays instead. The essays I was writing were about French history and specifically about what happened during the Second World War. I watched endless videos on YouTube and listened to audio clips of French presidents being interviewed and I listened very carefully to the way they were speaking. Some of my favourite videos were of Charles de Gaulle’s speeches. He spoke very slowly and very clearly and I found myself copying what he was saying. I copied and copied and spoke his speeches out loud to myself, and gradually imitated the way he said certain words. I would take short sentences and say them over and over until I could say them just like Charles de Gaulle. When I say over and over, I wasn’t sitting constantly imitating Charles de Gaulle – I did have essays to write! I did 30 seconds here and 30 seconds there. I wasn’t even aiming to develop my accent; I was merely daydreaming, imagining I was on French TV speaking to an interviewer. Then, I started to watch different videos. One French comedienne called Florence Foresti had very funny videos of her stand-up routines on YouTube. It was interesting to see the difference between how Charles de

Gaulle spoke, enunciating every single word clearly, and how Florence Foresti would merge a heap of words into one quick utterance. I started copying the way she spoke too. I only watched a few videos every day, at most it was twenty minutes a day, and I would pick out just one of two sentences from each video, but I would repeat that sentence throughout the day to myself whenever I thought about it. Eventually, after a couple of weeks, I could mimic the ways that both Charles de Gaulle and Florence Foresti spoke. I had no real idea if what I was doing was doing me any good or if it would help me to sound more French when it actually came to speaking in a conversation, but I found it a fun exercise. Then came the test! I had been in France for about a month, and I hadn’t really spoken to anybody, but I had to go to the university to hand in my first few essays and talk about how I was spending my time in France so far. I was so nervous about going to see my tutor, Cécile. This would be my second time meeting her. The first time I met her was when I first arrived, and she couldn’t understand me very well when I spoke French (she also seemed a bit ignorant, so I wasn’t looking forward to the meeting). I remember my heart was racing all the way to Cécile’s office. In fact it was racing all the way to the university, and I really didn’t want to go in. But, once I had crept into her office and we began chatting, my nerves started to disappear. We had a conversation in French and, without thinking, I was putting in all my little Florence Foresti merged-together words, and I was using Charles de Gaulle’s way of enunciating words clearly, and Cécile looked really happy! She said to me in French, “Well, I can see you’ve been spending your time wisely here in France. You’ve made more progress than anybody else I’ve spoken to so far, and your French is near perfect.” I couldn’t believe it. I almost fainted! It was such a huge compliment and I hadn’t realized that I’d improved at all. After squeezing my big head through the door on my way out of Cécile’s office, I decided to go into town and do some shopping (just window shopping – I had no money for real shopping. The French call window shopping “leche-vitrines”, which means “licking the display cases”). After spending a good twenty minutes licking

the display cases in a sweet shop, I finally plucked up the courage to go and talk to one of the shop assistants. I was talking to her about the chocolates and sweets, which were local to the region, and she said, “Are you from Paris?”. “No, I’m English,” I replied. She couldn’t believe that I wasn’t French. I must have spoken to a bazillion people that day, just showing off my French. Not that they cared, they just thought I was a crazy French person who wouldn’t stop talking. But I felt amazing. As soon as I got back to my computer, I watched some different videos and copied some more phrases, even picking out a few odd words that I might be able to use in conversations to sound more French. Honestly, this is the best way to improve your French accent. Watch videos on YouTube and imitate, imitate, imitate. Eventually, the imitation will become what you are. Obviously, to be able to do this, you need to have a good vocabulary. It isn’t a technique for the complete beginner. I had been learning French for quite a while before I found this technique. I’ve called this technique “Chunking” because you watch little chunks of a video and copy it. We’ll learn about this technique in more detail in a later lesson, once your vocabulary is a bit more advanced. However, because the importance of this technique is so great, I always like to start all my students doing it as soon as possible. Chunking gives you such a confidence boost and makes you sound more French in an instant. So, I’ve picked out a few of the most useful “chunks” and we’ll learn them now.

je ne… When you make a verb negative, you put a “ne… pas” around it. Up until now, you’ve probably been pronouncing every word individually:

JE … NE … SUIS … PAS … ICI … DEMAIN However, a good chunk to make you instantly sound more French is to join the “je” and the “ne” together when you’re speaking. So, instead of saying:

Je ne vais pas I’m not going Say it like:

Je’n vais pas (never in writing, only in speaking) The little “jeughn” sound makes you sound more French. It makes the language flow just that little more naturally.

petit Another good chunk is the way you say the word “petit”. The word “petit” clearly has two syllables and should be pronounced “peugh-TEE”. However, most French people barely touch the first syllable, and they emphasise the second syllable a lot more.

c'est petit it’s small You should say it like:

c'est p’tit (just touch the P ever so slightly)

alors “Alors” is used a lot in French speech as a way of saying, “Right then..” or “So, erm…” Say it whenever you’d normally say, “Right then…” in English. You can use “alors” at the beginning of sentences or when you’re trying to bring a conversation to a close. It’s a very French thing to say, and you’ll hear it an awful lot. Try and use it next time you’re in a restaurant in France:

Alors… pour moi, le poulet Erm… the chicken for me So, there are just a few little chunks for you to be getting on with. We’ll learn more as we go along. The trick with these chunks is to learn just a few at a time, because you really want them to become second nature. Try and put them in whenever you have a conversation; it will make you sound a little more French.

LESSON 68

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

appeler It means “to call” You pronounce it “ah-peugh-leh”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to call Pierre later.

I’m going to call Pierre later. Je vais appeler Pierre plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to call Marie?

Are you going to call Marie? Allez-vous appeler Marie? / Vas-tu appeler Marie?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to call Pierre?

What time are you going to call Pierre? À quelle heure vas-tu appeler Pierre? / À quelle heure allez-vous appeler Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to call Marco because I don’t like him.

I don’t want to call Marco because I don’t like him. Je ne veux pas appeler Marco parce que je ne l’aime pas.

How would you say this in French?

They called everybody.

They called everybody. Ils ont appelé tout le monde.

How would you say this in French?

We called the restaurant yesterday and made a reservation.

We called a restaurant yesterday and we made a reservation. Nous avons appelé un restaurant hier et nous avons fait une réservation.

We can add a little bit to the start of “appeler”:

m'appeler It means “to call me” You pronounce it “mah-peugh-leh”

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to call me?

Are you going to call me? Vas-tu m’appeler? / Allez-vous m’appeler?

How would you say this in French?

Can you call me tomorrow?

Can you call me tomorrow? Pouvez-vous m’appeler demain?

How would you say this in French?

I’m busy now, but you can call me after 5pm.

I’m busy now, but you can call me after 5pm. Je suis occupé maintenant, mais vous pouvez m’appeler après dix-sept heures.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me

How would you say this in French?

Marie tried to call me yesterday, but I wasn’t at home.

Marie tried to call me yesterday, but I wasn’t at home. Marie a essayé de m’appeler hier, mais je n’étais pas chez moi.

How would you say this in French?

Why did you try to call me?

Why did you try to call me? Pourquoi as-tu essayé de m’appeler? / Pourquoi avez-vous essayé de m’appeler?

Here’s another useful French verb for you:

donner It means “to give” You pronounce it “doh-neh”

And just like with “appeler”, we can add something to the start of the verb “donner” too:

me donner It means “to give me” You pronounce it “meugh doh-neh”

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to give me the key?

Are you going to give me the key? Vas-tu me donner la clé? / Allez-vous me donner la clé?

How would you say this in French?

Can you give me a little more time?

Can you give me a little more time? Pouvez-vous me donner un peu plus de temps?

How would you say this in French?

Can you give me the hotel’s address?

Can you give me the hotel’s address? Pouvez-vous me donner l’adresse de l’hôtel?

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me donner – to give me donner – to give me

Give me In English, we can say either:

Can you give me the key? or

Can you give the key to me? In French, you always just put the “me” in front of “donner”, no matter what. Whether you say “give me” or “give to me” in English, you always just say “me donner” in French:

Pouvez-vous me donner la clé? If you conjugate the verb “donner” into the present tense, the “me” would still go in front of the verb. il me donne la clé he’s giving me the key ils me donnent la clé they’re giving me the key Pierre me donne la clé Pierre is giving me the key vous me donnez la clé you’re giving me the key If you want to conjugate “donner” in the past, you put the “me” in front of the auxiliary verb (avoir). It will become m’ because “avoir” starts with a vowel. il m’a donné la clé

he gave me the key / he has given me the key ils m’ont donné la clé they gave me the key / they have given me the key Pierre m’a donné la clé Pierre gave me the key / Pierre has given me the key vous m’avez donné la clé you gave me the key / you have given me the key

Conjugation recap Let’s just have a quick recap of conjugating the verb “donner”. Present tense DONNER – TO GIVE je donne – I give tu donnes – you give il/elle donne – he/she gives nous donnons – we give vous donnez – you give ils donnent – they give Past tense DONNER – TO GIVE j'ai donné – I gave tu as donné – you gave il/elle a donné – he/she gave nous avons donné – we gave vous avez donné – you gave ils ont donné – they gave

Where does “me” go? We’ve learnt eight different ways of forming the verb for each person, so far – four for the present tense and four for the past tense PRESENT TENSE 1. il donne – he gives / he’s giving 2. il ne donne pas – he doesn’t give / he’s not giving 3. donne-t-il? – does he give? / is he giving? 4. ne donne-t-il pas? – doesn’t he give? / isn’t he giving? PAST TENSE 1. il a donné – he gave / he has given 2. il n’a pas donné – he didn’t give / he hasn’t given 3. a-t-il donné? – did he give? / has he given? 4. n’a-t-il pas donné? – didn’t he give? / hasn’t he given? We can slip the word “me” into any of these conjugations. It always goes in front of the verb: PRESENT TENSE 1. il me donne… – he’s giving me… 2. il ne me donne pas… – he’s not giving me… 3. me donne-t-il…? – is he giving me…? 4. ne me donne-t-il pas…? – isn’t he giving me…?

PAST TENSE 1. il m’a donné… – he gave me… 2. il ne m’a pas donné… – he didn’t give me… 3. m’a-t-il donné…? – did he give me…? 4. ne m’a-t-il pas donné…? – didn’t he give me…? So, in the present tense, the “me” goes right in front of the “donne”. In the past tense, it goes right in front of the auxiliary verb “a”, and the “me” becomes m’ because it’s in front of a vowel. You can put “me” in front of any verb to mean “me” or “to me”.

We’ve already had this verb:

apporter It means “to bring” You pronounce it “ah-pour-teh”

Well, we can put “me” in front of it too:

m'apporter It means “to bring me” or “to bring to me” You pronounce it “mah-pour-teh”

Where does “me” go? Just like with “donner” (and with any other verb), the “me” goes in front of the verb: PRESENT TENSE 1. il m’apporte… – he’s bringing me… 2. il ne m’apporte pas… – he’s not bringing me… 3. m’apporte-t-il…? – is he bringing me…? 4. ne m’apporte-t-il pas…? – isn’t he bringing me…? PAST TENSE 1. il m’a apporté… – he brought me… 2. il ne m’a pas apporté… – he didn’t bring me… 3. m’a-t-il apporté…? – did he bring me…? 4. ne m’a-t-il pas apporté…? – didn’t he bring me…?

How would you say this in French?

Can you bring me the car?

Can you bring me the car? Pouvez-vous m’apporter la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

He has brought me some food.

He has brought me some food. Il m’a apporté de la nourriture.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is bringing me everything tomorrow.

Marie is bringing me everything tomorrow. Marie m’apporte tout demain.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me donner – to give me donner – to give me apporter – to bring m’apporter – to bring (to) me

How would you say this in French?

They haven’t brought me any wine.

They haven’t brought me any wine. Ils ne m’ont pas apporté de vin.

How would you say this in French?

He isn’t bringing me a souvenir from Paris because everything is too expensive.

He isn’t bringing me a souvenir from Paris because everything is too expensive. Il ne m’apporte pas un souvenir de Paris parce que tout est trop cher.

How would you say this in French?

Have you brought me anything?

Have you brought me anything? M’as-tu apporté quelque chose? / M’avez-vous apporté quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

Is Pierre bringing me my passport?

Is Pierre bringing me my passport? Pierre m’apporte-t-il mon passeport?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t Pierre and Sophie brought me the money for the tickets?

Haven’t Pierre and Sophie brought me the money for the tickets? Pierre et Sophie ne m’ont-ils pas apporté l’argent pour les billets?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you bringing me a coat?

Aren’t you bringing me a coat? Ne m’apportes-tu pas un manteau? / Ne m’apportez-vous pas un manteau?

Here’s a brand new shiny verb for you to enjoy:

demander It means “to ask” You pronounce it “deugh-mon-deh”

In the same way as we did with “apporter” and “donner”, we can put “me” in front of “demander” too:

me demander It means “to ask me” You pronounce it “meugh deugh-mon-deh”

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to ask me?

What do you want to ask me? Que veux-tu me demander? / Que voulez-vous me demander?

How would you say this in French?

She hasn’t asked me.

She hasn’t asked me. Elle ne m’a pas demandé.

How would you say this in French?

They asked me where I went.

They asked me where I went. Ils m’ont demandé où je suis allé.

How would you say this in French?

Did you ask me something?

Did you ask me something? M’as-tu demandé quelque chose? / M’avez-vous demandé quelque chose?

Where does “me” go? I know you probably know this by now, but I’ll just show you one more time. I like to know it’s clear: PRESENT TENSE 1. il me demande… – he’s asking me… 2. il ne me demande pas… – he’s not asking me… 3. me demande-t-il…? – is he asking me…? 4. ne me demande-t-il pas…? – isn’t he asking me…? PAST TENSE 1. il m’a demandé… – he asked me… 2. il ne m’a pas demandé… – he didn’t ask me… 3. m’a-t-il demandé…? – did he ask me…? 4. ne m’a-t-il pas demandé…? – didn’t he ask me…? So, in the present tense, the “me” goes right in front of the “demande”. In the past tense, it goes right in front of the auxiliary verb “a”, and the “me” becomes m’ because it’s in front of a vowel. You can put “me” in front of any verb to mean “me” or “to me”.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre asked me where I put the key.

Pierre asked me where I put the key. Pierre m’a demandé où j’ai mis la clé.

How would you say this in French?

He hasn’t asked me.

He hasn’t asked me. Il ne m’a pas demandé.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me donner – to give me donner – to give me apporter – to bring m’apporter – to bring (to) me demander – to ask me demander – to ask me

How would you say this in French?

Jules asked me if I wanted dinner.

Jules asked me if I wanted dinner. Jules m’a demandé si je voulais le dîner.

To ask for something In English, there are a few times where we say the word “for” after a verb:

to pay for something to wait for something to ask for something However, in French, with these three verbs, you don’t bother using the word “pour”.

j’ai payé le dîner I paid for the dinner j’attends le bus I’m waiting for the bus il a demandé du vin he asked for some wine

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to ask for some more cheese.

I’m going to ask for some more cheese. Je vais demander plus de fromage.

How would you say this in French?

Have you asked for the menu?

Have you asked for the menu? As-tu demandé le menu? / Avez-vous demandé le menu?

To ask somebody for something So, we’ve seen that you don’t use the word “pour” with “demander” in French, but there is also another difference. In English, you just put the name of the person you’re asking, but in French you have to put the word “à” in front of the person’s name. Generally speaking, in English, you put the person you’re asking first and the thing you’re asking for second. In French, however, you put the thing you’re asking for first and the name second. to ask Pierre for something demander quelque chose à Pierre We asked the waiter for another bottle of wine Nous avons demandé encore une bouteille de vin au serveur

How would you say this in French?

Have you asked the waiter for the menu?

Have you asked the waiter for the menu? As-tu demandé le menu au serveur? / Avez-vous demandé le menu au serveur?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre asked Marie for the tickets.

Pierre asked Marie for the tickets. Pierre a demandé les billets à Marie.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me donner – to give me donner – to give me apporter – to bring m’apporter – to bring (to) me demander – to ask me demander – to ask me demander quelque chose à Pierre – to ask Pierre for something

How would you say this in French?

Didn’t you ask your parents for any money?

Didn’t you ask your parents for any money? N’as-tu pas demandé d’argent à tes parents? / N’avez-vous pas demandé d’argent à vos parents?

How would you say this in French?

They asked the hotel for a room for two nights.

They asked the hotel for a room for two nights. Ils ont demandé une chambre pour deux nuits à l’hôtel.

The word for “a doctor” in French is “un médecin”. So, how would you say this in French?

He asked the doctor for some medicine because he’s caught the flu.

He asked the doctor for some medicine because he’s caught the flu. Il a demandé un médicament au médecin parce qu’il a attrapé la grippe.

To ask somebody to do something Remember when we learnt that if you want to say “try to do something” in French using “essayer”, you have to put the word “de” in front of the next verb? Well, the same thing happens with “demander”. If you want to ask somebody to do something, you have to put the word “de” in front of the verb that you want them to do. And, don’t forget that you also have to use the word “à” in front of the person you’re asking.

j’ai demandé à Pierre de venir avec moi I asked Pierre to come with me ils m’ont demandé de partir they asked me to leave je vais demander à Marie de m’aider I’m going to ask Marie to help me

How would you say this in French?

Why did you ask Sophie to come with us?

Why did you ask Sophie to come with us? Pourquoi as-tu demandé à Sophie de venir avec nous? / Pourquoi avez-vous demandé à Sophie de venir avec nous?

How would you say this in French?

My dad asked me to order another two bottles of red wine for the table.

My dad asked me to order another two bottles of red wine for the table. Mon père m’a demandé de commander encore deux bouteilles de vin rouge pour la table.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me donner – to give me donner – to give me apporter – to bring m’apporter – to bring (to) me demander – to ask me demander – to ask me demander quelque chose à Pierre – to ask Pierre for something demander à Pierre de faire quelque chose – to ask Pierre to do something

How would you say this in French?

I asked Sophie to bring some food with her, but she has forgotten.

I asked Sophie to bring some food with her, but she has forgotten. J’ai demandé à Sophie d’apporter de la nourriture avec elle, mais elle a oublié.

How would you say this in French?

They asked me to pay the bill, but I don’t have any money with me and my card doesn’t work.

They asked me to pay the bill, but I don’t have any money with me and my card doesn’t work. Ils m’ont demandé de payer l’addition, mais je n’ai pas d’argent avec moi et ma carte ne marche pas.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t ask Pierre to choose the wine.

Don’t ask Pierre to choose the wine. Ne demandez pas à Pierre de choisir le vin.

Je me demande I ask myself / I wonder In French, when you say, “je me demande”, what you’re literally saying is, “I ask myself”. However, you can also use it to mean, “I wonder”.

je me demande pourquoi… I wonder why… je me demande pourquoi il est ici I wonder why he’s here je me demande s’il a appelé Marie I wonder if he has called Marie

So, just to reiterate:

je me demande It means “I wonder” You pronounce it “jsheugh meugh deugh-mond”

How would you say this in French?

I wonder where she went.

I wonder where she went. Je me demande où elle est allée.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder if you can help me.

I wonder if you can help me. Je me demande si tu peux m’aider. / Je me demande si vous pouvez m’aider.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder why he’s going to Paris.

I wonder why he’s going to Paris. Je me demande pourquoi il va à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder why they hired a car.

I wonder why they hired a car. Je me demande pourquoi ils ont loué une voiture.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me donner – to give me donner – to give me apporter – to bring m’apporter – to bring (to) me demander – to ask me demander – to ask me demander quelque chose à Pierre – to ask Pierre for something demander à Pierre de faire quelque chose – to ask Pierre to do something je me demande – I wonder (I ask myself)

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s beautiful here, but I wonder if it’s more beautiful in Marseille.

I think it’s beautiful here, but I wonder if it’s more beautiful in Marseille. Pour moi, c’est beau ici, mais je me demande si c’est plus beau à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder whom she called.

I wonder whom she called. Je me demande qui elle a appelé.

Here’s your next phrase in French:

ҫa me fait plaisir de… It means “I’m happy/glad to…” You pronounce it “sah meugh fay pleh-zeer deugh”

Ҫa me fait plaisir de… The literal meaning of “ҫa me fait plaisir de…” is “it does me pleasure to…”

ҫa me fait plaisir de… it does me pleasure to… This is a good example of the fact that you can’t always translate things word for word between languages. We also have weird expressions in English that can’t be translated into French word for word. For example, in French, people would never say “break a leg” to somebody in order to wish them good luck before they go on stage! So, in French, they say “ҫa me fait plaisir de…", and it can be used to mean “I’m happy to…” or “I’m glad to…”

ҫa me fait plaisir d’aider I’m happy to help ҫa me fait plaisir de rester ici I’m glad to stay here

How would you say this in French?

I’m glad to see Pierre.

I’m glad to see Pierre. Ҫa me fait plaisir de voir Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m happy to help.

I’m happy to help. Ҫa me fait plaisir d’aider.

How would you say this in French?

I’m happy to go with you.

I’m happy to go with you. Ҫa me fait plaisir d’aller avec toi. / Ҫa me fait plaisir d’aller avec vous.

How would you say this in French?

I’m happy to do it.

I’m happy to do it. Ҫa me fait plaisir de le faire.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – to call m’appeler – to call me donner – to give me donner – to give me apporter – to bring m’apporter – to bring (to) me demander – to ask me demander – to ask me demander quelque chose à Pierre – to ask Pierre for something demander à Pierre de faire quelque chose – to ask Pierre to do something je me demande – I wonder (I ask myself) ҫa me fait plaisir de – I’m happy to / I’m glad to

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. Can you call me later? 2. Are you going to give Sophie some money for the holiday? 3. Jules has brought me some soup because I don't feel very well 4. Ask the waiter for some water, please 5. He asked me where we're going tomorrow 6. They asked me to leave 7. I wonder why everybody is here today 8. It's not a problem; I'm happy to help 9. Marie called Pierre yesterday 10. They're asking everybody to bring some wine to the restaurant

1. 2.

Peux-tu / Pouvez-vous m’appeler plus tard? Vas-tu / Allez-vous donner de l’argent à Sophie pour les vacances? 3. Jules m’a apporté de la soupe parce que je ne me sens pas très bien 4. Demandez de l’eau au serveur, s’il vous plaît 5. Il m’a demandé où nous allons demain 6. Ils m’ont demandé de partir 7. Je me demande pourquoi tout le monde est ici aujourd’hui 8. Ce n’est pas un problème ; ҫa me fait plaisir d’aider 9. Marie a appelé Pierre hier 10. Ils demandent à tout le monde d’apporter du vin au restaurant

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ils m’appellent maintenant 2. Je vais demander à Sophie d’acheter un souvenir pour moi du Mexique 3. Vas-tu demander à Pierre de le faire? 4. Ҫa me fait plaisir de rester ici avec vous 5. J’apporte cela avec moi demain 6. Je me demande si Marie vient avec nous en vacances l’année prochaine 7. As-tu apporté les passeports? 8. Charles m’a demandé si je voulais aller à Calais 9. Michel et Sophie m’ont appelé hier 10. Je me demande pourquoi ils font ҫa maintenant

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

They're calling me now I'm going to ask Sophie to buy a souvenir for me from Mexico Are you going to ask Pierre to do it? I'm glad to stay here with you I'm bringing that with me tomorrow I wonder if Marie is coming with us on holiday next year Did you bring the passports? Charles asked me if I wanted to go to Calais Michel and Sophie called me yesterday I wonder why they're doing that now

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Are you going to order for me? I’m going to have lunch at the restaurant That’s a bit too small for me I would like to go at half past three Yes, I think it’s fantastic here I would like a raincoat I would like a reservation for three people, please The shower doesn’t work I like the green coat May I have some sugar for my tea?

1. Vas-tu / Allez-vous commander pour moi? 2. Je vais prendre le déjeuner au restaurant 3. Ҫa c’est un peu trop petit pour moi 4. Je voudrais aller à trois heures et demi 5. Oui, pour moi, c’est fantastique ici 6. Je voudrais un imperméable 7. Je voudrais une réservation pour trois personnes, s’il vous plaît 8. La douche ne marche pas 9. J’aime le manteau vert 10. Puis-je avoir du sucre pour mon thé?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Le steak de Marie est parfait 2. Avez-vous un plan de Paris? 3. Au rond-point, prenez la première sortie 4. Il est six heures et demi 5. Vas-tu changer la réservation pour moi? 6. Je voudrais aller chez lui demain 7. Il est huit heures et quart 8. Je suis ici 9. Je voudrais une radio pour ma chambre 10. Une bouteille d’eau est un euro vingt

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Marie’s steak is perfect Do you have a map of Paris? At the roundabout, take the first exit It’s half past six Are you going to change the reservation for me? I would like to go to his house tomorrow It’s quarter past eight I’m here I would like a radio for my room A bottle of water is one euro twenty

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I wonder 2. (to) give 3. (to) call 4. (to) call me 5. please (be so kind as to…) 6. I'm happy to / I'm glad to 7. (to) ask me 8. (to) ask Pierre to do something 9. (to) bring me 10. (to) ask Pierre for something 11. (to) bring 12. (to) give me 13. be (command) 14. (to) ask

1. je me demande 2. donner 3. appeler 4. m'appeler 5. veuillez 6. ça me fait plaisir de 7. me demander 8. demander à Pierre de faire quelque chose 9. m'apporter 10. demander quelque chose à Pierre 11. apporter 12. me donner 13. soyez 14. demander

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixty-six to sixty-eight of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixty-nine to seenty-one, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 69 – 71 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 66-68”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 69 LESSON 70 LESSON 69 Merci

LESSON 69 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to call to call me to give to give me to bring to bring (to) me to ask to ask me to ask Pierre for something to ask Pierre to do something I wonder I’m happy/glad to If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

We had this phrase in the last lesson, but I just wanted to say something else about it:

je me demande It means “I wonder” You pronounce it “jsheugh meugh deugh-mond”

I wonder why… You can put any question word on the end of “I wonder” or “je me demande” je me demande pourquoi… I wonder why… je me demande quand… I wonder when… je me demande à quelle heure… I wonder what time… je me demande qui… I wonder who… je me demande où… I wonder where… je me demande combien… I wonder how much… You can put any question word on the end of the phrase “je me demande” except for one. If you want to say “I wonder what…”, you have to say “je me demande ce que…” The phrase “ce que” means “what” when it’s in the middle of a sentence. It’s an extremely useful phrase, and we will look at it in more detail in a later lesson, but I just wanted to drop it into a lesson now so that it doesn’t come as a surprise later on! You pronounce “ce que” more like it’s one word than two. So, you say “skeugh” rather than “seugh keugh”. Additionally, the phrase ce que shortens to ce qu’ when it’s used in front of a vowel or the letter h. je me demande ce qu’il veut

I wonder what he wants je me demande ce que Marie a acheté I wonder what Marie bought je me demande ce qu’ils vont me dire I wonder what they’re going to tell me So, just to recap, if you want to say “I wonder what…”, you say “je me demande ce que…” because “what” in the middle of a sentence in French is “ce que”.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder what he did.

I wonder what he did. Je me demande ce qu’il a fait.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder what we do now.

I wonder what we do now. Je me demande ce que nous faisons maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder what they ordered.

I wonder what they ordered. Je me demande ce qu’ils ont commandé.

Ask somebody Talking of the verb “demander”, there is something else I just wanted to add into this lesson. Remember that we said the verb “demander” means “to ask”, and that there were a couple of different things we can do with it: demander quelque chose à quelqu’un* to ask somebody for something demander à quelqu’un* de faire quelque chose to ask somebody to do something *The word “quelqu’un” means “somebody”

Well, we can do the same thing with the verb “dire” too. When you want to “tell somebody something”, well you actually have to tell “something to somebody” in French. Also, if you want to “tell somebody to do something”, you have to use the word “à” in front of the person, and you use the word “de” in front of the next verb. dire quelque chose à quelqu’un to tell somebody something dire à quelqu’un de faire quelque chose to tell somebody to do something

How would you say this in French?

I told Pierre to leave an hour ago.

I told Pierre to leave an hour ago. J’ai dit à Pierre de partir il y a une heure.

How would you say this in French?

Why did you tell me to come?

Why did you tell me to come? Pourquoi m’as-tu dit de venir? / Pourquoi m’avez-vous dit de venir?

How would you say this in French?

Tell Marie to pay the bill.

Tell Marie to pay the bill. Dites à Marie de payer l’addition.

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to say to Charles?

What are you going to say to Charles? Que vas-tu dire à Charles? / Qu’allez-vous dire à Charles?

How would you say this in French?

They’re telling me to speak in French.

They’re telling me to speak in French. Ils me disent de parler en français.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to tell Sophie something.

I’m going to tell Sophie something. Je vais dire quelque chose à Sophie.

WORD LIST SO FAR je me demande ce que… – I wonder what… quelqu’un – somebody dire quelque chose à quelqu’un – to tell somebody something dire à quelqu’un de faire quelque chose – to tell somebody to do something

In the last lesson, we learnt a lot of phrases that had the word “me” in front of them. Well, we can change the “me” to something else:

vous donner It means “to give you” or “to give to you” You pronounce it “voo doh-neh”

How would you say this in French?

I can give you the key later.

I can give you the key later. Je peux vous donner la clé plus tard.

GIVE YOU In English, we can say either:

I can give you the key or

I can give the key to you In French, you always just put the “vous” in front of “donner”, no matter what. “You” and “to you” are the same in French: “vous”

Je peux vous donner la clé I can give you the key / I can give the key to you If you conjugate the verb “donner” into the present tense, the “vous” would still go in front of the verb: je vous donne la clé – I’m giving you the key il vous donne la clé – he’s giving you the key nous vous donnons la clé – we’re giving you the key ils vous donnent la clé – they’re giving you the key

If you want to conjugate the phrase “vous donner” into the past tense, you put the “vous” in front of the auxiliary verb (avoir). je vous ai donné la clé – I gave you the key il vous a donné la clé – he gave you the key nous vous avons donné la clé – we gave you the key ils vous ont donné la clé – they gave you the key

How would you say this in French?

I gave you something yesterday.

I gave you something yesterday. Je vous ai donné quelque chose hier.

How would you say this in French?

What did they give you?

What did they give you? Que vous ont-ils donné?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre gave you enough money last week.

Pierre gave you enough money last week. Pierre vous a donné assez d’argent la semaine dernière.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to give you something important tomorrow.

I’m going to give you something important tomorrow. Je vais vous donner quelque chose d’important demain.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t give you my passport.

I didn’t give you my passport. Je ne vous ai pas donné mon passeport.

How would you say this in French?

Has the waiter given you the menu?

Has the waiter given you the menu? Le serveur vous a-t-il donné le menu?

We know that there is a formal and an informal way to say “you” in French. “Vous donner” was the formal as well as the plural way to say “to give you”, so here’s the informal way:

te donner It means “to give you” or “to give to you” You pronounce it “teugh doh-neh”

GIVE YOU You can use “te donner” in exactly the same way as you use “vous donner”; you just place it in front of the verb: je te donne la clé – I’m giving you the key il te donne la clé – he’s giving you the key nous te donnons la clé – we’re giving you the key ils te donnent la clé – they’re giving you the key If you want to conjugate the phrase “te donner” into the past tense, you put the “te” in front of the auxiliary verb (avoir), and it shortens slightly to t’. je t’ai donné la clé – I gave you the key il t’a donné la clé – he gave you the key nous t’avons donné la clé – we gave you the key ils t’ont donné la clé – they gave you the key

So, using the informal way of speaking for the next few sentences, how would you say this in French?

I gave you something yesterday.

I gave you something yesterday. Je t’ai donné quelque chose hier.

How would you say this in French?

What did they give you?

What did they give you? Que t’ont-ils donné?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre gave you enough money last week.

Pierre gave you enough money last week. Pierre t’a donné assez d’argent la semaine dernière.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to give you something important tomorrow.

I’m going to give you something important tomorrow. Je vais te donner quelque chose d’important demain.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t give you my passport.

I didn’t give you my passport. Je ne t’ai pas donné mon passeport.

How would you say this in French?

Has the waiter given you the menu?

Has the waiter given you the menu? Le serveur t’a-t-il donné le menu?

Where do “vous” & “te” go? We’ve learnt eight different ways of forming the verb for each person, so far – four for the present tense and four for the past tense. We can slip the words “vous” and “te” into the same places that we put the word “me” in the last lesson. il vous / te donne… – he’s giving you… il ne vous / te donne pas… – he’s not giving you… vous / te donne-t-il…? – is he giving you…? ne vous / te donne-t-il pas…? – isn’t he giving you…? il vous / t’a donné… – he gave you… il ne vous / t’a pas donné… – he didn’t give you… vous / t’a-t-il donné…? – did he give you…? ne vous / t’a-t-il pas donné…? – didn’t he give you…? So, in the present tense, the “vous” or “te” go right in front of the “donne”, and in the past tense, they go right in front of the “a”.

How would you say this in French?

Can I give you the key tomorrow?

Can I give you the key tomorrow? Puis-je te donner la clé demain? / Puis-je vous donner la clé demain?

How would you say this in French?

He gave you the car for just two days.

He gave you the car for just two days. Il t’a donné la voiture pour juste deux jours. / Il vous a donné la voiture pour juste deux jours.

WORD LIST SO FAR je me demande ce que… – I wonder what… quelqu’un – somebody dire quelque chose à quelqu’un – to tell somebody something dire à quelqu’un de faire quelque chose – to tell somebody to do something te donner – (to) give you (singular informal) vous donner – (to) give you (formal and plural)

How would you say this in French?

They’re giving you more carrots.

They’re giving you more carrots. Ils te donnent plus de carottes. / Ils vous donnent plus de carottes.

How would you say this in French?

Marie hasn’t given you enough time.

Marie hasn’t given you enough time. Marie ne t’a pas donné assez de temps. / Marie ne vous a pas donné assez de temps.

How would you say this in French?

We’re not giving you the money until next week.

We’re not giving you the money until next week. Nous ne te donnons pas l’argent jusqu’à la semaine prochaine. / Nous ne vous donnons pas l’argent jusqu’à la semaine prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

Has Pierre given you a map?

Has Pierre given you a map? Pierre t’a-t-il donné un plan? / Pierre vous a-t-il donné un plan?

How would you say this in French?

When are they giving you a different room?

When are they giving you a different room? Quand te donnent-ils une chambre différente? / Quand vous donnent-ils une chambre différente?

How would you say this in French?

Why hasn’t Sophie given you any food?

Why hasn’t Sophie given you any food? Pourquoi Sophie ne t’a-t-elle pas donné de nourriture? / Pourquoi Sophie ne vous a-t-elle pas donné de nourriture?

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t he giving you the key tonight?

Isn’t he giving you the key tonight? Ne te donne-t-il pas la clé ce soir? / Ne vous donne-t-il pas la clé ce soir?

Here’s your next verb for this lesson:

laisser It means “to leave” You pronounce it “leh-seh”

Partir vs Laisser Whilst “partir” and "laisser" both mean “to leave”, they can’t be used interchangeably. “Partir” means “to leave” as in to get out from somewhere. To leave the house or to leave the country. You can see that is looks similar to the English word “depart” or even more so in the phrase “to part ways”. “Laisser” means “to leave” as in to leave something somewhere or to leave something behind. It can also be used to mean to leave somebody somewhere.

je vais partir demain I’m going to leave tomorrow je vais laisser la clé dans la chambre I’m going to leave the key in the room So, if you’re going away from somewhere, then you use “partir”, but if you’re leaving something somewhere, then you use “laisser”.

How would you say this in French?

I want to leave now.

I want to leave now. Je veux partir maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to leave the key here.

I’m going to leave the key here. Je vais laisser la clé ici.

How would you say this in French?

I have left some wine for you.

I have left some wine for you. J’ai laissé du vin pour toi / pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

What time are you leaving tomorrow?

What time are you leaving tomorrow? À quelle heure pars-tu demain? / À quelle heure partez-vous demain? How would you say this in French?

Where are you leaving the car?

Where are you leaving the car? Où laisses-tu la voiture? / Où laissez-vous la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

We left the car behind the hotel.

We left the car behind the hotel. Nous avons laissé la voiture derrière l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

Who left this here?

Who left this here? Qui a laissé ceci ici?

How would you say this in French?

What time does the train leave?

What time does the train leave? À quelle heure le train part-il?

How would you say this in French?

Is he leaving today?

Is he leaving today? Part-il aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Is he leaving the car here today?

Is he leaving the car here today? Laisse-t-il la voiture ici aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

I’m leaving everything with Marie.

I’m leaving everything with Marie. Je laisse tout avec Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I left the passports at the hotel.

I left the passports at the hotel. J’ai laissé les passeports à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

Did you leave everything at mine?

Did you leave everything at mine? As-tu tout laissé chez moi? / Avez-vous tout laissé chez moi?

We can add a bit to “laisser”:

te laisser / vous laisser They both mean “to leave you” You pronounce them “teugh leh-seh" and “voo leh-seh”

Or, instead of “te” or “vous”, we can add “me”:

me laisser It means “to leave me” You pronounce it “meugh leh-seh”

How would you say this in French?

Can you leave me here?

Can you leave me here? Peux-tu me laisser ici? / Pouvez-vous me laisser ici?

How would you say this in French?

Can you leave me some cheese, please?

Can you leave me some cheese, please? Peux-tu me laisser du fromage, s’il te plaît? / Pouvez-vous me laisser du fromage, s’il vous plaît? The formal way of saying “please” is “s’il vous plaît", and the informal way is “s’il te plaît"

How would you say this in French?

I have left you the car.

I have left you the car. Je t’ai laissé la voiture. / Je vous ai laissé la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

You can leave me here; I don’t want to go with you.

You can leave me here; I don’t want to go with you. Tu peux me laisser ici; je ne veux pas aller avec toi. / Vous pouvez me laisser ici; je ne veux pas aller avec vous.

How would you say this in French?

Have you left me some money for my lunch?

Have you left me some money for my lunch? M’as-tu laissé de l’argent pour mon déjeuner? / M’avez-vous laissé de l’argent pour mon déjeuner?

How would you say this in French?

The dinner was delicious, but I left the potatoes.

The dinner was delicious, but I left the potatoes. Le dîner était délicieux, mais j’ai laissé les pommes de terre.

How would you say this in French?

I can leave you some money, if you want.

I can leave you some money, if you want. Je peux te laisser de l’argent, si tu veux. / Je peux vous laisser de l’argent, si vous voulez.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre left me in Paris.

Pierre left me in Paris. Pierre m’a laissé à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Where did they leave you?

Where did they leave you? Où t’ont-ils laissé? / Où vous ont-ils laissé?

How would you say this in French?

Did she leave you some food?

Did she leave you some food? T’a-t-elle laissé de la nourriture? / Vous a-t-elle laissé de la nourriture?

Just like before, we can put “le” in front of a verb to mean “him” or “it” and similarly, we can use “la” to mean “her” or “it”, if it’s referring to a feminine noun:

le / la laisser It means “to leave him / her / it” You pronounce it “leugh / lah leh-seh”

So, how would you say this in French?

Where are you going to leave it?

Where are you going to leave it? Où vas-tu le laisser? / Où allez-vous le laisser?

How would you say this in French?

I bought some food at the supermarket and I’ve left it over there for you.

I bought some food at the supermarket and I’ve left it over there for you. J’ai acheté de la nourriture au supermarché et je l’ai laissée là-bas pour vous / pour toi. Because the "it" refers to “the food” in this sentence, we use “la”. However, because we’ve placed it in front of a word that starts with a vowel, we can’t tell whether it stands for “le” or “la”, so we add the extra ‘e’ to the end of “laissée" to clairify

How would you say this in French?

Can I leave it here?

Can I leave it here? Puis-je le laisser ici?

How would you say this in French?

Marie, Sophie and Pierre visited France, but they left him in Cannes.

Marie, Sophie and Pierre visited France, but they left him in Cannes. Marie, Sophie et Pierre ont visité la France, mais elles l’ont laissé à Cannes.

How would you say this in French?

I took the car to the restaurant and I left it in front.

I took the car to the restaurant and I left it in front. J’ai pris la voiture au restaurant et je l’ai laissée devant.

WORD LIST SO FAR je me demande ce que… – I wonder what… quelqu’un – somebody dire quelque chose à quelqu’un – to tell somebody something dire à quelqu’un de faire quelque chose – to tell somebody to do something te donner – (to) give you (singular informal) vous donner – (to) give you (formal and plural) partir – (to) leave (go away from somewhere) laisser – (to) leave (something somewhere) te laisser – (to) leave you (singular informal) vous laisser – (to) leave you (formal and plural) me laisser – (to) leave me le / la laisser – (to) leave him / her / it

Leave me alone In French, if you want to say “leave me alone”, you literally have to say “leave me tranquil”. Firstly, the imperative (or command) version of “laisser” is simply “laissez” as we have seen. You use the “vous” form of the present tense and then just take away the “vous”. Secondly, when you want to put “me” with an imperative in French, you hook it onto the verb with a hyphen and you use the word “moi” for “me”.

Laissez-moi tranquille Leave me alone That might be a lot of information to take in for just one short phrase, but there is actually one more thing I wanted to add. So, “laissez” is the imperative version of the word “laisser”, but so far, we’ve only seen the imperative in the “vous” form. What about if you want to tell somebody informally?

Laisse-moi tranquille Leave me alone (informal)

Informal imperative To form the “vous” imperative in French, you just remove the “vous” from the present tense. If you want to form the “tu” version of the imperative, however, there are two things you have to do: STEP 1: Remove the “tu” from the present tense TEP 2: If it’s an “er” verb, you have to remove the “s” from the end as well Let me have a quick comparison between the formal and informal versions of some useful verbs in the imperative. I’ll put the informal first and the

formal second:

parle franҫais / parlez franҫais speak French attends ici / attendez ici wait here va / allez go mange plus / mangez plus eat more Remember how there was one irregular verb when we first learnt the imperative:

soyez be (formal and plural) In the informal imperative, this is how you say be:

sois be (informal) Here are a couple of example sentences:

sois ici demain be here tomorrow ne sois pas stupide don’t be stupid

sois à l’heure be on time

Laisse-moi tranquille The other thing I mentioned was the fact that if you want to use “me” in French with a verb in the imperative, you have to hook it onto the end of the verb with a hyphen, and the word for “me” is “moi”. This goes for the formal and informal versions of the imperative:

aide-moi / aidez-moi help me parle-moi / parlez-moi speak to me dis-moi / dites-moi tell me laisse-moi ici / laissez-moi ici leave me here montre-moi / montrez-moi show me écoute-moi / écoutez-moi listen to me

The words “me”, “it”, “him” and “her” are all examples of “object pronouns”. In French, object pronouns generally come in front of the verb, as we’ve seen so far. However, if you use them with an imperative, you have to hook them on the end using a hyphen. ______________________________ OBJECT PRONOUNS it – le / la him – le her – la me – me (“moi” when it’s with an imperative) ______________________________

fais-le maintenant / faites-le maintenant do it now achète-le / achetez-le buy it aide-la / aidez-la help her

That’s three things that we’ve learnt from the little phrase “laisse-moi tranquille” No 1:

To form the informal imperative, you just take the “tu” off the present tense, and if it’s an “er” verb, you remove the “s” from the end as well

No 2:

With the imperative, object pronouns hook onto the end of the verb with a hyphen

No 3:

The object pronoun “me” turns into “moi” when it’s hooked on the end of a verb in the imperative

I know this has been a lesson packed with new information, but can you cope with one more thing? If you can, turn the page. If you can’t, run! (And then come back tomorrow with a fresh brain)

Negative imperative We already know how to form the negative imperative. All you have to do is put a “ne” in front of the verb and a “pas” after it – it doesn’t matter whether you’re using the informal or formal version.

ne parle pas anglais / ne parlez pas anglais don’t speak English The new thing I wanted to tell you is that if you use an object pronoun with the negative imperative in French, it goes in front of the verb, just like normal. So, the positive imperative is the only time the object pronoun comes after the verb:

fais-le / faites-le do it ne le fais pas / ne le faites pas don’t do it

This also means that you can use the word “me”. You only use “moi” when it hooks onto the end of a positive imperative verb:

ne me parle pas / ne me parlez pas don’t speak to me ne me montre pas / ne me montrez pas don’t show me ne m’attends pas / ne m’attendez pas don’t wait for me Phew, so that’s everything I could extract from the phrase “laisse-moi tranquille”! Now let’s have a quick practice of them…

How would you say this in French?

Leave now!

Leave now! Pars maintenant! / Partez maintenant!

How would you say this in French?

Leave the key with me.

Leave the key with me. Laisse la clé avec moi. / Laissez la clé avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

Leave me alone.

Leave me alone. Laisse-moi tranquille. / Laissez-moi tranquille.

How would you say this in French?

The food is delicious, try it.

The food is delicious, try it. La nourriture est délicieuse, essaye-la. / La nourriture est délicieuse, essayezla.

How would you say this in French?

The food is terrible, don’t eat it. We’re going to find a restaurant later.

The food is terrible, don’t eat it. We’re going to find a restaurant later. La nourriture est terrible, ne la mange pas / ne la mangez pas. Nous allons trouver un restaurant plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

Show me everything.

Show me everything. Montre-moi tout. / Montrez-moi tout.

How would you say this in French if the “it” is referring to “a car”?

Don’t buy it; it’s too expensive.

Don’t buy it; it’s too expensive. Ne l’achète pas; elle est trop chère. / Ne l’achetez pas; elle est trop chère.

How would you say this in French?

Tell me something interesting.

Tell me something interesting. Dis-moi quelque chose d’intéressant. / Dites-moi quelque chose d’intéressant.

How would you say this in French?

Be happy.

Be happy. Sois heureux. / Soyez heureux.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t be sad.

Don’t be sad. Ne sois pas triste. / Ne soyez pas triste.

How would you say this in French?

Tell me if you don’t want to go.

Tell me if you don’t want to go. Dis-moi si tu ne veux pas aller. / Dites-moi si vous ne voulez pas aller.

Here’s your next phrase for this lesson. We already saw it when we looked at the first French structure quite a while ago, but after all that new information about the imperative and object pronouns, it’ll be nice to recap something a little less tricky:

je dois It means “I must / I have to” You pronounce it “jsheugh dwah”

How would you say this in French?

I have to leave now, but call me later.

I have to leave now, but call me later. Je dois partir maintenant, mais appelle-moi plus tard. / Je dois partir maintenant, mais appelez-moi plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I have to leave it here.

I have to leave it here. Je dois le laisser ici.

How would you say this in French?

I have to call Pierre.

I have to call Pierre. Je dois appeler Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t come to Paris; I have to go to Calais tomorrow.

I can’t come to Paris; I have to go to Calais tomorrow. Je ne peux pas venir à Paris; je dois aller à Calais demain.

We can make “je dois” into a question in the same way we normally do:

dois-je It means “do I have to” You pronounce it “dwah-jsheugh”

So, how would you say this in French?

Do I have to leave now?

Do I have to leave now? Dois-je partir maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Why do I have to leave it here?

Why do I have to leave it here? Pourquoi dois-je le laisser ici?

How would you say this in French?

Do I have to call Pierre?

Do I have to call Pierre? Dois-je appeler Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

I have to change the reservation because I’m busy tomorrow.

I have to change the reservation because I’m busy tomorrow. Je dois changer la réservation parce que je suis occupé demain.

How would you say this in French?

What do I have to show you?

What do I have to show you? Que dois-je te montrer? / Que dois-je vous montrer?

Here's a new verb for you to add to your collection:

mettre It means “(to) put” You pronounce it “meh-treugh”

So, how would you say this in French?

I’m going to put it here.

I’m going to put it here. Je vais le mettre ici.

How would you say this in French?

Can you put everything in the room?

Can you put everything in the room? Peux-tu mettre tout dans la chambre? / Pouvez-vous mettre tout dans la chambre?

How would you say this in French?

Please, put that there.

Please, put that there. Veuillez mettre ҫa là.

Mettre The verb “mettre” is a very irregular verb in both the present tense and the past tense. The past participle is “mis”, so you can probably work out how to form the past tense, but let’s have a look at its strange conjugations below. PRESENT TENSE je mets* – I put tu mets – you put il/elle met – he/she puts nous mettons – we put vous mettez – you put ils mettent – they put *You pronounce “mets” as “meh” because you don’t pronounce the t or the s on the end

PAST TENSE j'ai mis – I have put tu as mis – you have put il/elle a mis – he/she has put nous avons mis – we have put vous avez mis – you have put ils ont mis – they have put

How would you say this in French?

I’ve put it here for you.

I’ve put it here for you. Je l’ai mis ici pour toi / pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

Where have you put it?

Where have you put it? Où l’as-tu mis? / Où l’avez-vous mis?

How would you say this in French?

Where did you put the car?

Where did you put the car? Où as-tu mis la voiture? / Où avez-vous mis la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

Marie put Pierre’s passport in the room.

Marie put Pierre’s passport in the room. Marie a mis le passeport de Pierre dans la chambre.

WORD LIST SO FAR je me demande ce que… – I wonder what… quelqu’un – somebody dire quelque chose à quelqu’un – to tell somebody something dire à quelqu’un de faire quelque chose – to tell somebody to do something te donner – (to) give you (singular informal) vous donner – (to) give you (formal and plural) partir – (to) leave (go away from somewhere) laisser – (to) leave (something somewhere) te laisser – (to) leave you (singular informal) vous laisser – (to) leave you (formal and plural) me laisser – (to) leave me le / la laisser – (to) leave him / her / it laisse-moi tranquille – leave me alone (informal) laissez-moi tranquille – leave me alone (formal and plural) achète-le – buy it (informal) achetez-le – buy it (formal and plural) ne l’achète pas – don’t buy it dis-moi – tell me ne me dis pas – don’t tell me je dois – I must / I have to dois-je – do I have to mettre – (to) put

How would you say this in French?

We’re putting everything in the car for tomorrow.

We’re putting everything in the car for tomorrow. Nous mettons tous dans la voiture pour demain.

How would you say this in French?

They’re putting the food here.

They’re putting the food here. Ils mettent la nourriture ici.

The phrase “je dois” meant “I must” or “I have to”, and in the past tense, we get this:

je devais It means “I had to” You pronounce it “jsheugh deugh-veh”

So, how would you say this in French?

I had to hire a car.

I had to hire a car. Je devais louer une voiture.

How would you say this in French?

I had to call Marie.

I had to call Marie. Je devais appeler Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I had to leave.

I’m sorry but I had to leave. Je suis désolé mais je devais partir.

How would you say this in French?

I had to buy it because I left my coat at the hotel.

I had to buy it because I left my coat at the hotel. Je devais l’acheter parce que j’ai laissé mon manteau à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

Yesterday, I had to go to the supermarket because I didn’t have any food.

Yesterday, I had to go to the supermarket because I didn’t have any food. Hier, je devais aller au supermarché parce que je n’avais pas de nourriture.

Here’s your last word for this very long lesson:

tôt It means “early” You pronounce it “tohw”

If you’re talking about the time, remember that you use the phrase “il est” for “it is” rather than “c’est”. The same is true even if you want to say something like “it’s early”. So, how would you say this in French?

I want to eat something but it’s too early for dinner.

I want to eat something but it’s too early for dinner. Je veux manger quelque chose mais il est trop tôt pour le dîner.

How would you say this in French?

It’s quite early.

It’s quite early. Il est assez tôt.

How would you say this in French?

I have to leave early tomorrow.

I have to leave early tomorrow. Je dois partir tôt demain.

How would you say this in French?

I had to go very early yesterday because Michel took the car.

I had to go very early yesterday because Michel took the car. Je devais aller très tôt hier parce que Michel a mis la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

I have to start early next week.

I have to start early next week. Je dois commencer tôt la semaine prochaine.

How would you say this in French?

I went early last week.

I went early last week. Je suis allé tôt la semaine dernière.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t take the train with you because I have to leave earlier than you.

I can’t take the train with you because I have to leave earlier than you. Je ne peux pas prendre le train avec toi / vous parce que je dois partir plus tôt que toi / vous.

WORD LIST SO FAR je me demande ce que… – I wonder what… quelqu’un – somebody dire quelque chose à quelqu’un – to tell somebody something dire à quelqu’un de faire quelque chose – to tell somebody to do something te donner – (to) give you (singular informal) vous donner – (to) give you (formal and plural) partir – (to) leave (go away from somewhere) laisser – (to) leave (something somewhere) te laisser – (to) leave you (singular informal) vous laisser – (to) leave you (formal and plural) me laisser – (to) leave me le / la laisser – (to) leave him / her / it laisse-moi tranquille – leave me alone (informal) laissez-moi tranquille – leave me alone (formal) achète-le – buy it (informal) achetez-le – buy it (formal and plural) ne l’achète pas – don’t buy it dis-moi – tell me ne me dis pas – don’t tell me je dois – I must / I have to dois-je – do I have to mettre – (to) put je devais – I had to tôt – early il est tôt – it’s early

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. I wonder what they're doing here today 2. I wonder if there is somebody here who speaks English 3. Are you telling Marie to go to the shop? 4. I can give you five minutes but I have to go soon 5. I've left everything at home 6. Please, leave me alone; I don't want to go with you today 7. Don't buy me a souvenir from Paris 8. Tell me where you're going tomorrow 9. It's very early but I'm very tired 10. I had to call Pierre yesterday

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Je me demane ce qu’ils font ici aujourd’hui Je me demande s’il y a quelqu’un ici qui parle anglais Dis-tu / Dites-vous à Marie d’aller au magasin? Je peux te / vous donner cinq minutes mais je dois aller bientôt J’ai tout laissé chez moi S’il te plaît, laisse-moi tranquille; je ne veux pas aller avec toi aujourd’hui / S’il vous plaît, laissez-moi tranquille; je ne veux pas aller avec vous aujourd’hui 7. Ne m’achète pas un souvenir de Paris / Ne m’achetez pas un souvenir de Paris 8. Dis-moi où tu vas demain / Dites-moi où vous allez demain 9. Il est très tôt mais je suis très fatigué 10. Je devais appeler Pierre hier

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Où vas-tu le laisser? 2. Aidez-moi! 3. Pourquoi dois-je vous donner mon passeport? 4. Je dois dire à Sophie où j’ai mis la clé 5. Ont-ils tout mis dans la voiture? 6. Je pars tôt demain, mais je vais laisser la clé ici pour toi 7. Charles m’a dit de mettre tout dans la chambre 8. Vous pouvez me laisser ici si c’est plus facile pour vous 9. Je dois prendre le train à Londres demain 10. Laisse-moi tranquille

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Where are you going to leave it? Help me! Why do I have to give you my passport? I must tell Sophie where I put the key Have they put everything in the car? I'm leaving early tomorrow but I'm going to leave the key here for you 7. Charles told me to put everything in the room 8. You can leave me here if it's easier for you 9. I have to take the train to London tomorrow 10. Leave me alone

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What time do you want to have lunch? It’s at quarter past five It’s too big I went to the cinema yesterday, but everything was very expensive You understand French I tried it but it wasn’t very good He isn’t very tired I’m going to pay my bill Are you going out later or are you staying here? I have a map of La Rochelle

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

À quelle heure veux-tu / voulez-vous prendre le déjeuner? C’est à cinq heures et quart C’est trop grand Je suis allé au cinéma hier, mais tout était très cher Tu comprends le français / Vous comprenez le français Je l’ai essayé mais ce n’était pas très bon Il n’est pas très fatigué Je vais payer mon addition Sors-tu plus tard ou restes-tu ici? / Sortez-vous plus tard ou restez-vous ici? 10. J’ai un plan de La Rochelle

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je ne dors pas bien 2. J’ai parlé avec Marie il y a une semaine 3. C’est combien un aller simple? 4. La nourriture est bonne là mais elle est fantastique ici 5. As-tu du café? 6. Prenez la troisième rue à droite 7. Quelle est l’adresse? 8. Je vais commander une pizza, veux-tu quelque chose? 9. Le déjeuner ici est fantastique 10. Aimez-vous les restaurants ici?

1. I’m not sleeping well 2. I spoke with Marie a week ago 3. How much is a one-way ticket? 4. The food is good there but it’s fantastic here 5. Do you have any coffee? 6. Take the third road on the right 7. What is the address? 8. I’m going to order a pizza, do you want anything? 9. The lunch here is fantastic 10. Do you like the restaurants here?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. tell me (formal) 2. (to) bring 3. (to) leave him / her / it 4. (to) ask Pierre to do something 5. do I have to 6. (to) leave (to go away from somewhere) 7. (to) leave me 8. don't tell me (informal) 9. (to) ask me 10. don't buy it (formal) 11. buy it (formal) 12. (to) give you (formal) 13. I wonder what… 14. I'm happy to / I'm glad to 15. buy it (informal) 16. I wonder 17. don't tell me (formal) 18. (to) leave you (formal) 19. (to) call 20. to tell somebody to do something 21. (to) bring me

22. early 23. leave me alone (formal) 24. be (command) 25. (to) give you (informal) 26. leave me alone (informal) 27. somebody 28. (to) ask 29. please (be so kind as to…) 30. tell me (informal) 31. (to) leave (something somewhere) 32. don't buy it (informal) 33. (to) put 34. it's early 35. I had to 36. (to) give me 37. to tell somebody something 38. (to) call me 39. (to) ask Pierre for something 40. (to) leave you (informal) 41. (to) give 42. I must / I have to

1. dites-moi 2. apporter 3. le / la laisser 4. demander à Pierre de faire quelque chose 5. dois-je 6. partir 7. me laisser 8. ne me dis pas 9. me demander 10. ne l'achetez pas 11. achetez-le 12. vous donner 13. je me demande ce que… 14. ça me fait plaisir de 15. achète-le 16. je me demande 17. ne me dites pas 18. vous laisser 19. appeler 20. dire à quelqu'un de faire quelque chose 21. m'apporter 22. tôt 23. laissez-moi tranquille

24. soyez 25. te donner 26. laisse-moi tranquille 27. quelqu'un 28. demander 29. veuillez 30. dis-moi 31. laisser 32. ne l'achète pas 33. mettre 34. il est tôt 35. je devais 36. me donner 37. dire quelque chose à quelqu'un 38. m'appeler 39. demander quelque chose à Pierre 40. te laisser 41. donner 42. je dois

LESSON 70 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I wonder what somebody to tell somebody something to tell somebody to do something (to) give you (to) leave (go away from somewhere) (to) leave (something somewhere) (to) leave you (to) leave me (to) leave him / her / it leave me alone buy it don’t buy it tell me don’t tell me I must / I have to (to) put I had to early it’s early If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

We’ve seen the phrase “il y a”, which means “there is”, well here it is in the past tense:

il y avait It means “there was” or “there were” You pronounce it “ee lee ah-veh”

How would you say this in French?

There were lots of people at the supermarket yesterday.

There were lots of people at the supermarket yesterday. Il y avait beaucoup de personnes / gens au supermarché hier.

How would you say this in French?

There was too much to do.

There was too much to do. Il y avait trop à faire.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder what there was to eat at the hotel.

I wonder what there was to eat at the hotel. Je demande ce qu’il y avait à manger à l’hôtel.

il y avait When we learnt the phrase “il y a”, which means “there is” or “there are”, we learnt the negative, question and negative question versions: il y a there is / there are il n’y a pas there isn’t / there aren’t y a-t-il? is there? / are there? n'y a-t-il pas? isn’t there? / aren’t there? Well, here’s the same with “il y avait”: il y avait there was / there were il n’y avait pas there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? wasn’t there? / weren’t there? How would you say this in French?

There wasn’t much to do when I went on holiday to La Rochelle.

There wasn’t much to do when I went on holiday to La Rochelle. Il n’y avait pas beaucoup à faire quand je suis allé en vacances à La Rochelle.

How would you say this in French?

Were there many restaurants there?

Were there many restaurants there? Y avait-il beaucoup de restaurants là?

How would you say this in French?

What was there to eat?

What was there to eat? Qu’y avait-il à manger?

How would you say this in French?

Weren’t there two cars there?

Weren’t there two cars there? N’y avait-il pas deux voitures là?

How would you say this in French?

Weren’t there two cars there?

Weren’t there two cars there? N’y avait-il pas deux voitures là?

How would you say this in French?

Why wasn’t there time?

Why wasn’t there time? Pourquoi n’y avait-il pas de temps?

How would you say this in French?

There wasn’t any money in the room.

There wasn’t any money in the room. Il n’y avait pas d’argent dans la chambre.

How would you say this in French?

Were there many people at the restaurant?

Were there many people at the restaurant? Y avait-il beaucoup de personnes au restaurant?

WORD LIST SO FAR il y avait – there was / there were il n’y avait pas – there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? – was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? – wasn’t there? / weren’t there?

Here’s your next word for this lesson, and it’s an adjective:

prêt It means “ready” You pronounce it “preh”

So, how would you say this in French?

Everything is ready now.

Everything is ready now. Tout est prêt maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not ready.

I’m not ready. Je ne suis pas prêt.

How would you say this in French?

Is he ready?

Is he ready? Est-il prêt?

How would you say this in French?

Is Pierre ready?

Is Pierre ready? Pierre est-il prêt?

The adjective “prêt” is normal in that if you want to make it feminine, all you have to do is add an “e”. How would you say this in French?

Is she ready?

Is she ready? Est-elle prête?

How would you say this in French?

Is Marie ready?

Is Marie ready? Marie est-elle prête?

Prêt à… You might have heard of the sandwich shop called “prêt à manger”. It means “ready to eat”, and actually it’s a useful name because it teaches us a little French. If you want to say that you’re ready to do something, you say “prêt à…” and then a verb. You might have heard the fashion phrase “prêt à porter”. The verb “porter” means “to wear”, so “prêt à porter” means “ready to wear”. je suis prêt à partir I’m ready to leave tout est prêt à manger everything is ready to eat je suis prêt à tout I’m ready for anything (I know this one isn’t actually a verb, but it’s a good phrase to know)

How would you say this in French?

Are you ready to go?

Are you ready to go? Es-tu prêt à aller? / Êtes-vous prêt à aller?

How would you say this in French?

I’m ready to help you.

I’m ready to help you. Je suis prêt à t’aider. / Je suis prêt à vous aider.

How would you say this in French?

Are they ready to leave now?

Are you ready to leave now? Es-tu prêt à partir maintenant? / Êtes-vous prêt à partir maintenant?

WORD LIST SO FAR il y avait – there was / there were il n’y avait pas – there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? – was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? – wasn’t there? / weren’t there? prêt – ready prêt à… – ready to…

How would you say this in French?

We’re ready to order.

We’re ready to order. Nous sommes prêts à commander.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is ready to eat.

Marie is ready to eat. Marie est prête à manger.

How would you say this in French?

The children are ready to sleep.

The children are ready to sleep. Les enfants sont prêts à dormir.

We’ve seen this next word when we learnt the phrase “à bientôt”, which means “see you soon”:

bientôt It means “soon” You pronounce it “bee-an(g)-tohw”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to France soon.

I’m going to France soon. Je vais en France bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is coming to England soon.

Pierre is coming to England soon. Pierre vient en Angleterre bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

I want to leave soon.

I want to leave soon. Je veux partir bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

I have to go soon.

I have to go soon. Je dois aller bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

We have to wait here now because the train is arriving soon.

We have to wait here now because the train is arriving soon. Nous devons attendre ici maintenant parce que le train arrive bientôt.

This next verb is very irregular:

aller It means “to go” You pronounce it “ah-leh”

Aller The verb “aller”, meaning “to go” is a highly irregular verb, so let’s have a look at it in the present and past tenses: je vais – I go / I’m going tu vas – you go / you’re going il/elle va – he/she goes / he/she is going nous allons – we go / we’re going vous allez – you go / you’re going ils vont – they go / they’re going In the past tense, "aller” is a verb of movement, which means it has to use “être” as its auxiliary verb: je suis allé – I went / I’ve gone tu es allé – you went / you’ve gone il est allé – he went / he’s gone elle est allée – she went / she’s gone nous sommes allés – we went / we’ve gone vous êtes allé – you went / you’ve gone ils sont allés – they went / they’ve gone

The wonder that is “ALLER” What makes the verb “aller” so interesting and wonderfully useful is the fact that we can use it to talk about the future. If you want to say that you’re going to do something, you just use any form of the verb “aller” plus any infinitive you like.

je vais manger I’m going to eat il va partir he’s going to leave nous allons l’acheter we’re going to buy it So, just take any verb in the world, put it on the end of “aller” and then you’re talking about the future.

How would you ask this in French?

He’s going to arrive soon.

He’s going to arrive soon. Il va arriver bientôt.

How would you say this?

They’re going to leave tomorrow.

They’re going to leave tomorrow. Ils vont partir demain.

How would you say this?

We’re going to visit the Eiffel Tower.

We’re going to visit the Eiffel Tower. Nous allons visiter la Tour Eiffel.

How would you say this?

They went to Spain last year.

They went to Spain last year. Ils sont allés en Espagne l’année dernière.

WORD LIST SO FAR il y avait – there was / there were il n’y avait pas – there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? – was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? – wasn’t there? / weren’t there? prêt – ready prêt à… – ready to… bientôt – soon aller – (to) go

How would you say this?

I went to a good restaurant in Strasbourg with my friends.

I went to a good restaurant in Strasbourg with my friends. Je suis allé à un bon restaurant à Strasbourg avec mes amis.

How would you say this?

Yesterday, we went to the cinema.

Yesterday, we went to the cinema. Hier, nous sommes allés au cinéma.

Let’s add another verb to our list:

être It means “(to) be” You pronounce it “eh-treugh”

How would you say this in French?

He’s going to be here soon.

He’s going to be here soon. Il va être ici bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not going to be ready until 5pm.

I’m not going to be ready until 5pm. Je ne vais pas être prêt jusqu’à dixsept heures.

How would you say this in French?

We’re going to be busy tomorrow.

We’re going to be busy tomorrow. Nous allons être occupés demain.

How would you say this?

I’m sorry but I’m not going to be there today.

I’m sorry but I’m not going to be there today. Je suis désolé mais je ne vais pas être là aujourd’hui.

WORD LIST SO FAR il y avait – there was / there were il n’y avait pas – there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? – was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? – wasn’t there? / weren’t there? prêt – ready prêt à… – ready to… bientôt – soon aller – (to) go être – (to) be

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to be later?

Where are you going to be later? Où vas-tu / allez-vous être plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Everything is going to be ready on Monday.

Everything is going to be ready on Monday. Tout va être prêt lundi.

We learnt that “Ҫa va?” is a way of asking “How are you?” However, it’s literal meaning is much more useful. It comes from the verb “aller” and you can put any infinitive on the end of it:

ҫa va… It means “it’s going…” You pronounce it “sah vah”

How would you say this in French?

It’s going to be fantastic.

It’s going to be fantastic. Ҫa va être fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

It’s going to be ready soon.

It's going to be ready soon. Ҫa va être prêt bientôt.

WORD LIST SO FAR il y avait – there was / there were il n’y avait pas – there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? – was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? – wasn’t there? / weren’t there? prêt – ready prêt à… – ready to… bientôt – soon aller – (to) go être – (to) be ҫa va – it’s going

How would you say this in French?

It’s going to be good.

It's going to be good. Ҫa va être bon.

How would you say this in French?

It isn’t going to be here.

It isn’t going to be here. Ҫa ne va pas être ici.

Here’s your next phrase for this lesson:

à l’heure It means “on time” You pronounce it “ah leughr” It literally means “at the hour”

How would you say this in French?

The train isn’t on time.

The train isn’t on time. Le train n’est pas à l’heure.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder if the train is going to arrive on time.

I wonder if the train is going to arrive on time. Je me demande si le train va arriver à l’heure.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder if Pierre is going to be here on time today.

I wonder if Pierre is going to be here on time today. Je me demande si Pierre va être ici à l’heure aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but we’re not going to be there on time.

I’m sorry but we’re not going to be there on time. Je suis désolé mais nous n’allons pas être là à l’heure.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t on time today, but I’m going to try to leave early tomorrow.

I wasn’t on time today, but I’m going to try to leave early tomorrow. Je n’étais pas à l’heure aujourd’hui, mais je vais essayer de partir tôt demain.

WORD LIST SO FAR il y avait – there was / there were il n’y avait pas – there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? – was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? – wasn’t there? / weren’t there? prêt – ready prêt à… – ready to… bientôt – soon aller – (to) go être – (to) be ҫa va – it’s going à l’heure – on time

How would you say this in French?

Please, be on time.

Please, be on time. S’il te plaît, sois à l’heure. / S’il vous plaît, soyez à l’heure.

How would you say this in French?

Charles told me to be on time.

Charles told me to be on time. Charles m’a dit d’être à l’heure.

This last phrase isn’t really a new phrase, but I just wanted to show you that you can put anything in front of “va”:

tout va It means “everything is going” You pronounce it “too vah”

How would you say this in French?

Everything is going to be perfect.

Everything is going to be perfect. Tout va être parfait.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is going to be here.

Everything is going to be here. Tout va être ici.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is going well.

Everything is going well. Tout va bien.

WORD LIST SO FAR il y avait – there was / there were il n’y avait pas – there wasn’t / there weren’t y avait-il? – was there? / were there? n'y avait-il pas? – wasn’t there? / weren’t there? prêt – ready prêt à… – ready to… bientôt – soon aller – (to) go être – (to) be ҫa va – it’s going à l’heure – on time tout va – everything is going

One last thing… I’ve just thought of something that I wanted to mention about a difference between English and French, and it’s to do with the verb “try”. In English, you can say “I’ll try to arrive early” or “I’ll try and arrive early”, and they both mean the same thing. In French, both of these sentences would be “je vais essayer d’arriver tôt”. The reason is because in English, you can say “try to” or “try and”

Do try to behave! – Do try and behave! I’ll try to speak French – I’ll try and speak French This only works in present and future tenses in English; in the past tense, it’s always “tried to”

He tried to speak English (You can’t say: he tried and speak English) However, no matter what, in French, you always have to say “essayer de…” plus a verb. So you would never say “try and…”

I’ll try and do it now / I’ll try to do it now Je vais essayer de le faire maintenant The same is true with “go and…” In French, the verb “aller” can be followed by any infinitive, but in English, we say “go and…”

We must go and find the car Nous devons aller trouver la voiture I want to go and see Marie tomorrow Je veux aller voir Marie demain

Do you want to go and get (buy) some milk? Veux-tu aller acheter du lait?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to try and speak French?

Are you going to try and speak French? Vas-tu essayer de parler français? / Allez-vous essayer de parler français?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to try and finish everything now because I’m busy tomorrow.

I’m going to try and finish everything now because I’m busy tomorrow. Je vais essayer de finir tout maintenant parce que je suis occupé demain. *In French, if you have “de” plus an “infinitive”, you can put adverbs such as “tout” and “trop” in front of the infinitive. So, the sentence above could be: Je vais essayer de tout finir maintenant parce que suis occupé demain.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody is going to try and arrive early tomorrow.

Everybody is going to try and arrive early tomorrow. Tout le monde va essayer d’arriver tôt demain.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

There wasn't much food at the hotel, but we're eating at a restaurant tonight 2. Was there enough money in the room for the pizza? 3. Everything is ready now 4. I'm ready to leave when you want 5. Are you ready to go to the supermarket now? 6. I'm going to try and arrive early 7. Try and be here at four o'clock 8. I was on time yesterday 9. It's going to be fantastic 10. There wasn't a table for five at the restaurant

1.

Il n’y avait pas beaucoup de nourriture à l’hôtel, mais nous mangeons au restaurant ce soir 2. Y avait-il assez d’argent dans la chambre pour la pizza? 3. Tout est prêt maintenant 4. Je suis prêt à partir quand tu veux / vous voulez 5. Es-tu / Êtes-vous prêt à aller au supermarché maintenant? 6. Je vais essayer d’arriver tôt 7. Essaye / Essayez d’être ici à quatre heures 8. J’étais à l’heure hier 9. Ҫa va être fantastique 10. Il n’y avait pas une table pour cinq au restaurant

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Le train n’est pas à l’heure 2. Vas-tu être ici demain soir? 3. N’arrivez pas trop tôt 4. Je vais aller au supermarché plus tard 5. Y avait-il des bouteilles de champagne? 6. Y a-t-il une table prête pour nous? 7. Êtes-vous prêts à commander? 8. Pierre va être ici bientôt et je ne suis pas prêt 9. Ce n’est pas prêt 10. Je me demande si tout va être prêt à l’heure

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

The train isn't on time Are you going to be here tomorrow evening? Don't arrive too early I'm going to go to the supermarket later Were there any bottles of champagne? Is there a table ready for us? Are you ready to order? Pierre is going to be here soon and I'm not ready It isn't ready I wonder if everything is going to be ready on time

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Where is Pierre? Haven’t they paid the bill? Is there a garden behind the hotel? Not now, thank you I saw the film four days ago, but it was terrible I’m not sleeping well How do I get to the airport? Can I buy two tickets, please? They’re going to spend three weeks in France The breakfast is at 7 o’clock

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Où est Pierre? N’ont-ils pas payé l’addition? Y a-t-il un jardin derrière l’hôtel? Pas maintenant, merci J’ai vu le film il y a quatre jours, mais il était terrible Je ne dors pas bien Pour aller à l’aéroport? Puis-je acheter deux billets, s’il vous plaît? Ils vont passer trois semaines en France Le petit-déjeuner est à sept heures

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Prenez ҫa avec vous 2. As-tu attendu ici hier? 3. Vas-tu prendre un taxi? 4. Un peu moins pour moi, s’il vous plaît 5. Qu’allez-vous essayer aujourd’hui? 6. Va-t-il changer la réservation? 7. Je ne vais pas manger ici 8. Quand ont-ils acheté les billets? 9. Elle est à l’hôtel 10. J’aime passer les vacances en Angleterre, mais je préfère aller à l’étranger

1. Take that with you 2. Did you wait here yesterday? 3. Are you going to take a taxi? 4. A bit less for me, please 5. What are you going to try today? 6. Is he going to change the reservation? 7. I’m not going to eat here 8. When did they buy the tickets? 9. She is at the hotel 10. I like spending the holidays in England, but I prefer going abroad

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. do I have to 2. I must / I have to 3. (to) leave (to go away from somewhere) 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

to tell somebody to do something I wonder (to) call (to) give (to) give you (informal) (to) leave you (informal)

10. ready to… 11. don't buy it (formal) 12. (to) ask Pierre to do something 13. (to) bring 14. buy it (formal) 15. there was / there were 16. don't buy it (informal) 17. it's going 18. (to) go 19. tell me (formal) 20. early 21. don't tell me (informal) 22. on time 23. (to) ask 24. please (be so kind as to…) 25. (to) put 26. leave me alone (informal)

27. (to) ask Pierre for something 28. leave me alone (formal) 29. soon 30. I'm happy to / I'm glad to 31. be (command) 32. (to) leave him / her / it 33. I wonder what… 34. (to) give you (formal) 35. I had to 36. (to) leave me 37. (to) give me 38. don't tell me (formal) 39. (to) leave you (formal) 40. (to) leave (something somewhere) 41. was there? / were there? 42. wasn't there? / weren't there? 43. (to) ask me 44. there wasn't / there weren't 45. (to) call me 46. somebody 47. it's early 48. (to) bring me 49. everything is going 50. (to) be 51. ready 52. buy it (informal) 53. to tell somebody something 54. tell me (informal)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

dois-je je dois partir dire à quelqu'un de faire quelque chose je me demande

6. appeler 7. donner 8. te donner 9. te laisser 10. prêt à… 11. ne l'achetez pas 12. demander à Pierre de faire quelque chose 13. apporter 14. achetez-le 15. il y avait 16. ne l'achète pas 17. ça va 18. aller 19. dites-moi 20. tôt 21. ne me dis pas 22. à l'heure 23. demander 24. veuillez 25. mettre 26. laisse-moi tranquille 27. demander quelque chose à Pierre 28. laissez-moi tranquille

29. bientôt 30. ça me fait plaisir de 31. soyez 32. le / la laisser 33. je me demande ce que… 34. vous donner 35. je devais 36. me laisser 37. me donner 38. ne me dites pas 39. vous laisser 40. laisser 41. y avait-il? 42. n'y avait-il pas? 43. me demander 44. il n'y avait pas 45. m'appeler 46. quelqu'un 47. il est tôt 48. m'apporter 49. tout va 50. être 51. prêt 52. achète-le 53. dire quelque chose à quelqu'un 54. dis-moi

LESSON 71 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? there was / there were there wasn’t / there weren’t was there? / were there? wasn't there? / weren’t there? ready (to…) soon (to) go (to) be it's going on time everything is going If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

ce matin It means “this morning” You pronounce it “seugh mah-tan(g)”

How would you say this in French?

I saw Pierre this morning.

I saw Pierre this morning. J’ai vu Pierre ce matin.

How would you say this in French?

Where did you eat this morning?

Where did you eat this morning? Où as-tu mangé ce matin? / Où avez-vous mangé ce matin?

How would you say this in French?

What did he do this morning?

What did he do this morning? Qu’a-t-il fait ce matin?

How would you say this in French?

I went to Sophie’s house this morning for breakfast.

I went to Sophie’s house this morning for breakfast. Je suis allé chez Sophie ce matin pour le petit-déjeuner.

How would you say this in French?

What time did you eat this morning?

What time did you eat this morning? À quelle heure as-tu mangé ce matin? / À quelle heure avez-vous mangé ce matin?

How would you say this in French?

What are you doing this morning?

What are you doing this morning? Que fais-tu ce matin? / Que faites-vous ce matin?

How would you say this in French?

Where are they going this morning?

Where are they going this morning? Où vont-ils ce matin?

How would you say this in French?

Charles called me this morning and he asked me if I wanted to go to the cinema.

Charles called me this morning and he asked me if I wanted to go to the cinema. Charles m’a appelé ce matin et il m’a demandé si je voulais aller au cinéma.

How would you say this in French?

I told Sophie to finish everything this morning.

I told Sophie to finish everything this morning. J’ai dit à Sophie de tout finir ce matin.

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning

The next phrase for this lesson is:

cet après-midi It means “this afternoon” You pronounce it “set ah-preh mee-dee”

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to France this afternoon.

I’m going to France this afternoon. Je vais en France cet après-midi.

How would you say this in French?

Where did they go this afternoon?

Where did they go this afternoon? Où sont-ils allés cet après-midi?

So, we’ve had “ce matin”, meaning “this morning”, “cet après-midi”, meaning “this afternoon”, and this is the third of the trio:

ce soir It means “this evening” or “tonight” You pronounce it “seugh swahr”

So, how would you say this in French?

Do you want to eat here tonight?

Do you want to eat here tonight? Veux-tu manger ici ce soir? / Voulezvous manger ici ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to eat this evening?

Where do you want to eat this evening? Où veux-tu manger ce soir? / Où voulez-vous manger ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

What are you doing tonight?

What are you doing tonight? Que fais-tu ce soir? / Que faites-vous ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to stay at mine tonight?

Do you want to stay at mine tonight? Veux-tu rester chez moi ce soir? / Voulez-vous rester chez moi ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

We arrive in Paris at 8 o’clock tonight.

We arrive in Paris at 8 o’clock tonight. Nous arrivons à Paris à vingt heures ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

They’re going to the restaurant with us tonight.

They’re going to the restaurant with us tonight. Ils vont au restaurant avec nous ce soir.

CE MATIN CE SOIR CET APRÈS-MIDI The reason there is a T on the end of the “cet” in front of “après-midi” is because “après-midi” starts with a vowel. That’s all; it’s just so it sounds better and you avoid any glottal stop! In fact, in front of any masculine noun that starts with a vowel or a H, you would use “cet” as the word for “this” rather than “ce”. cet animal – this animal cet homme – this man I say only masculine nouns need the “cet” if they start with a vowel, because if it were a feminine noun, you would always use “cette” anyway, which eliminates any glottal stops no matter what letter the noun starts with. cette fille – this girl cette maison – this house cette antilope – this antelope

How would you say this in French?

Do you want this snail?

Do you want this snail? Veux-tu cet escargot? / Voulez-vous cet escargot?

How would you say this in French?

This pineapple is delicious.

This pineapple is delicious. Cet ananas est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

I like this ring.

I like this ring. J’aime cet anneau.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have this scarf in yellow?

Do you have this scarf in yellow? As-tu cette écharpe en jaune? / Avez-vous cette écharpe en jaune?

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight

Here’s a useful verb in French:

ouvrir It means “(to) open” You pronounce it “oo-vreer”

Ouvrir The verb “ouvrir” is an irregular verb, so here’s its conjugation. Notice how there are two meanings in English for just one meaning in French: j'ouvre – I open / I’m opening tu ouvres – you open / you’re opening il/elle ouvre – he/she opens / he/she is opening nous ouvrons – we open / we’re opening vous ouvrez – you open / you’re opening ils ouvrent – they open / they’re opening The past participle of the verb "ouvrir” is also irregular; it’s “ouvert”: j'ai ouvert – I opened / I’ve opened tu as ouvert – you opened / you’ve opened il/elle a ouvert – he/she opened / he/she has opened nous avons ouvert – we opened / we’ve opened vous avez ouvert – you opened / you’ve opened ils ont ouvert – they opened / they’ve opened

The word for “door” is “porte” in French, and it’s feminine, so how would you say this in French?

I opened the door.

I opened the door. J’ai ouvert la porte.

If you’re referring to “the door”, how would you say this in French?

I opened it.

I opened it. Je l’ai ouverte. Did you remember to add the “e” to the end of “ouverte” to show that the “it” is referring to a feminine noun?

How would you say this in French?

He opened the shop early.

He opened the shop early. Il a ouvert le magasin tôt.

How would you say this in French?

What time do you open?

What time do you open? À quelle heure ouvres-tu? / À quelle heure ouvrez-vous? How would you say this in French?

This shop opens late.

This shop opens late. Ce magasin ouvre tard.

How would you say this in French?

The shop opens at 7 o’clock.

The shop opens at 7 o’clock. Le magasin ouvre à sept heures.

How would you say this in French?

When did you open?

When did you open? Quand as-tu ouvert? / Quand avez-vous ouvert?

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight ouvrir – (to) open ouvert – opened

Here’s another useful verb. It’s the complete opposite of “ouvrir”:

fermer It means “(to) close” You pronounce it “fair-meh”

Fermer The verb “fermer” is completely regular in both the present and past tense, so you can conjugate it as normal. However, I’ll just go over it quickly, just in case you forgot the conjugation rules. Here’s the present tense: je ferme – I close / I’m closing tu fermes – you close / you’re closing il/elle ferme – he/she closes / he/she is closing nous fermons – we close / we’re closing vous fermez – you close / you’re closing ils ferment – they close / they’re closing Here’s the past tense: j'ai fermé – I closed / I’ve closed tu as fermé – you closed / you’ve closed il/elle a fermé – he/she closed / he/she has closed nous avons fermé – we closed / we’ve closed vous avez fermé – you closed / you’ve closed ils ont fermé – they closed / they’ve closed

How would you say this in French?

What time do you close?

What time do you close? À quelle heure fermes-tu? / À quelle heure fermez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

This shop closes late.

This shop closes late. Ce magasin ferme tard.

How would you say this in French?

The shop closes at 7 o’clock tomorrow.

The shop closes at 7 o’clock tomorrow. Le magasin ferme à sept heures demain.

How would you say this in French?

We closing soon.

We’re closing soon. Nous fermons bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

When did you close?

When did you close? Quand as-tu fermé? / Quand avez-vous fermé?

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight ouvrir – (to) open ouvert – opened fermer – (to) close

Here’s your next verb for this lesson. It’s another regular verb:

commencer It means “(to) start” You pronounce it “koh-mon-seh”

Commencer The verb “commencer” is another regular verb in both the present and past tense. However, there is one thing you should note. When we say “we start”, the last “c” becomes a “ҫ” so it keeps the S sound rather than a K sound, which is how a CO normally sounds: je commence – I start / I’m starting tu commences – you start / you’re starting il/elle commence – he/she starts / he/she is starting nous commenҫons – we start / we’re starting vous commencez – you start / you’re starting ils commencent – they start / they’re starting Here’s the past tense: j'ai commencé – I started / I’ve started tu as commencé – you started / you’ve started il/elle a commencé – he/she started / he/she’s started nous avons commencé – we started / we’ve started vous avez commencé – you started / you’ve started ils ont commencé – they started / they’ve started

So, how would you say this in French?

What time do you start?

What time do you start? À quelle heure commences-tu? / À quelle heure commencez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

This film starts late.

This film starts late. Ce film commence tard.

How would you say this in French?

The film starts at half past five.

The film starts at half past five. Le film commence à cinq heures et demie.

How would you say this in French?

Did you start yesterday and this morning?

Did you start yesterday or this morning? As-tu commencé hier ou ce matin? / Avez-vous commencé hier ou ce matin?

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight ouvrir – (to) open ouvert – opened fermer – (to) close commencer – (to) start

Saying “it” We’ve already learned that you can use “le” to mean “it” as the object of a verb (je voudrais le manger – I would like to eat it), and we also know that “it is” is “c’est”. Well, if you want to use “it” as a subject of a verb, you can use the words “il” or “elle”.

le film commence demain the film starts tomorrow il commence demain it starts tomorrow

IT or HE? In French, all nouns are either masculine or feminine. For example, “le film” is a masculine noun meaning “the film”, and “la voiture” is a feminine noun meaning “the car”. If you want to use “it” as the subject of a sentence, and you’re referring to a noun, then you have to say “he” or “she” in French.

la voiture est ici the car is here elle est ici it is here (literally: she is here)

When you ask a question using a noun, there are two ways to form this in French, and one includes using the two words for it (il/elle) in the same way as you when you use a name.

1.

Just invert the noun with the verb: Quand commence le film? When does the film start? Comment marche la télévision? How does the TV work? Quand ouvre le magasin? When does the shop open?

2.

Put the noun in front of the verb and hook “il” or “elle” on the end: Quand le film commence-t-il? When does the film start? Comment la télévision marche-t-elle? How does the TV work? Quand le magasin ouvre-t-il? When does the shop open?

You can choose whichever of the two ways you want to use, just pick the one you’re most comfortable with using, and the one you think you can form the most easily.

What would be the two different ways to ask this question in French?

When does the shop open?

When does the shop open? Quand ouvre le magasin? / Quand le magasin ouvre-t-il?

What would be the two different ways to ask this question in French?

What time does the shop close?

What time does the shop close? À quelle heure ferme le magasin? / À quelle heure le magasin ferme-t-il?

What would be the two different ways to ask this question in French?

When does the train arrive?

When does the train arrive? Quand arrive le train? / Quand le train arrive-t-il?

What would be the two different ways to ask this question in French?

How does the radio work?

How does the radio work? Comment marche la radio? / Comment la radio marche-t-elle?

This next word might come in useful if you’re ever stuck for something to do:

un spectacle It means “a show” You pronounce it “an(g) spek-tah-kleugh”

How would you say this in French?

The show was fantastic.

The show was fantastic. Le spectacle était fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

The show is starting now.

The show is starting now. Le spectacle commence maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

We have to leave now because the show is starting soon.

We have to leave now because the show is starting soon. Nous devons partir maintenant parce que le spectacle commence bientôt.

What would be the two ways to say this in French?

When does the show start?

When does the show start? Quand commence le spectacle? / Quand le spectacle commence-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

Has the show started?

Has the show started? Le spectacle a-t-il commencé?

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight ouvrir – (to) open ouvert – opened fermer – (to) close commencer – (to) start un spectacle – a show

Perhaps you don’t want to see a show, in which case you could always just go and watch this:

un film It means “a film” You pronounce it “an(g) film”

So, how would you say this in French?

The film was fantastic.

The film was fantastic. Le film était fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

The film doesn’t start until half past eight.

The film doesn’t start until half past eight. Le film ne commence pas jusqu’à huit heures et demie.

How would you say this in French?

The film is starting now!

The film is starting now! Le film commence maintenant!

How would you say this in French?

When does the film start?

When does the film start? Quand commence le film? / Quand le film commence-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

Has the film started?

Has the film started? Le film a-t-il commencé?

How would you say this in French?

I found the film very boring.

I found the film very boring. J’ai trouvé le film très ennuyeux.

How would you say this in French?

The film started twenty minutes ago.

The film started twenty minutes ago. Le film a commencé il y a vingt minutes.

Names in questions Now, I know I’ve already mentioned this, but I just want to make sure it’s clear. When you want to ask a question with a name, you do the same thing that you do when you use a noun. You mention the name first and then you also use the word for “he” or “she” (the pronoun) inverted with the verb.

Pierre a-t-il fini? Has Pierre finished? Marie habite-t-elle ici? Does Marie live here? Que Pierre veut-il? What does Pierre want? Jeanne boit-elle du vin? Does Jeanne drink wine?

How would you say this in French?

What time does Pierre arrive?

What time does Pierre arrive? À quelle heure Pierre arrive-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

What is Marie doing?

What is Marie doing? Que Marie fait-elle?

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight ouvrir – (to) open ouvert – opened fermer – (to) close commencer – (to) start un spectacle – a show un film – a film

How would you say this in French?

Is Alice coming tomorrow?

Is Alice coming tomorrow? Alice vient-elle demain?

How would you say this in French?

Is Phillipe going too?

Is Phillipe going too? Phillipe va-t-il aussi?

If you want to say “the film starts in 10 minutes”, you use the word for “in”:

dans It means “in” when referring to time You pronounce it “don(g)”

So, how would you say this in French?

The film starts in five minutes.

The film starts in five minutes. Le film commence dans cinq minutes.

How would you say this in French?

He is going to be here in two hours.

He is going to be here in two hours. Il va être ici dans deux heures.

How would you say this in French?

The train leaves in 20 minutes.

The train leaves in 20 minutes. Le train part dans vingt minutes.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to France in two weeks.

I’m going to France in two weeks. Je vais en France dans deux semaines.

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight ouvrir – (to) open ouvert – opened fermer – (to) close commencer – (to) start un spectacle – a show un film – a film dans – in

How would you say this in French?

We’re going on holiday in two days but we’re not ready.

We’re going on holiday in two days but we’re not ready. Nous allons en vacances dans deux jours mais nous ne sommes pas prêts.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is going to be ready in an hour.

Everything is going to be ready in an hour. Tout va être prêt dans une heure.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is leaving in five minutes.

Marie is leaving in five minutes. Marie part dans cinq minutes.

Let’s add one more verb to this lesson, which will go nicely with “un film”:

regarder It means “to watch” You pronounce it “reugh-gahr-day”

Regarder The verb “regarder” is another regular verb in both the present and past tense: je regarde – I watch / I’m watching tu regardes – you watch / you’re watching il/elle regarde – he/she watches / he/she is watching nous regardons – we watch / we’re watching vous regardez – you watch / you’re watching ils regardent – they watch / they’re watching Here’s the past tense: j'ai regardé – I watched / I’ve watched tu as regardé – you watched / you’ve watched il/elle a regardé – he/she watched / he/she’s watched nous avons regardé – we watched / we’ve watched vous avez regardé – you watched / you’ve watched ils ont regardé – they watched / they’ve watched

So, how would you say this in French?

We watched a film last week and it was fantastic.

We watched a film last week and it was fantastic. Nous avons regardé un film la semaine dernière et il était fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

Which film did you watch?

Which film did you watch? Quel film as-tu regardé? / Quel film avez-vous regardé?

If you want to say “in the evening”, in French, you simply say “le soir”. So, how would you say this in French?

I like watching TV in the evening with my family.

I like watching TV in the evening with my family. J’aime regarder la télévision le soir avec ma famille.

How would you say this in French?

Do you like watching TV?

Do you like watching TV? Aimes-tu regarder la télévision? / Aimez-vous regarder la télévision?

How would you say this in French?

Watch me!

Watch me! Regarde-moi! / Regardez-moi!

WORD LIST SO FAR ce matin – this morning cet après-midi – this afternoon ce soir – this evening / tonight ouvrir – (to) open ouvert – opened fermer – (to) close commencer – (to) start un spectacle – a show un film – a film dans – in regarder – (to) watch

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The shop opened early this morning, but it's closing at four o'clock this afternoon 2. Where do you want to go tonight? 3. I'm leaving in five minutes; I'm going to the theatre with Sophie 4. The film started early 5. The cinema is closed tomorrow 6. Do you want to go and watch a film tonight? 7. He's going to be here in 10 minutes and the house is messy 8. The show starts in two hours 9. The train is going to leave in one minute 10. What is she doing this evening?

1.

Le magasin a ouvert tôt ce matin, mais il ferme à seize heures cet après-midi 2. Où veux-tu aller ce soir? / Où voulez-vous aller ce soir? 3. Je pars dans cinq minutes; je vais au théâtre avec Sophie 4. Le film a commencé tôt 5. Le cinéma est fermé demain 6. Veux-tu aller regarder un film ce soir? / Voulez-vous aller regarder un film ce soir? 7. Il va être ici dans dix minutes et la maison est en désordre 8. Le spectacle commence dans deux heures 9. Le train va partir dans une minute 10. Que fait-elle ce soir?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Où es-tu allé ce matin? 2. L’ont-ils ouvert? 3. Il est très tard et tout est fermé 4. As-tu fermé la porte? 5. J’ai essayé de l’ouvrir 6. J’ai regardé un très bon film au cinéma hier 7. Le spectacle n’était pas mauvais 8. Que font-ils cet après-midi? 9. Quel film as-tu regardé au cinéma? 10. Nous sommes allés à Londres et nous avons vu un spectacle

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Where did you go this morning? Have they opened it? It's very late and everything is closed Did you close the door? I tried to open it I watched a very good film at the cinema yesterday The show wasn't bad What are they doing this afternoon? What film did you watch at the cinema? We went to London and we saw a show

1. What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Is he Mr Blanc? Haven’t we paid for everything? This hotel is terrible Where is Marie? It’s at quarter to eleven It’s for her Do you want to eat that? Ask the waiter for some more water, please How much is it for three nights? I’m here later

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Est-il Monsieur Blanc? N’avons-nous pas tout payé? Cet hôtel est terrible Où est Marie? C’est à onze heures moins le quart C’est pour elle Veux-tu manger cela? / Voulez-vous manger cela? Demande plus d’eau au serveur, s’il te plaît / Demandez plus d’eau au serveur, s’il vous plaît 9. C’est combien pour trois nuits? 10. Je suis ici plus tard

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Pierre commande-t-il une bouteille de vin pour la table? Où va-t-elle demain? Ce n’est pas bon ici Excusez-moi, la climatisation ne marche pas Mon petit-déjeuner est terrible Ma réservation est pour trois personnes, mais je voudrais la changer, s’il vous plaît 7. Mon dîner est délicieux 8. Je vais chez Pierre demain 9. Ce n’est pas un problème; ҫa me fait plaisir d’aider 10. Où voulez-vous manger?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Is Pierre ordering a bottle of wine for the table? Where is she going tomorrow? It isn’t good here Excuse me, the air conditioning doesn’t work My breakfast is terrible My reservation is for three people, but I would like to change it, please 7. My dinner is delicious 8. I’m going to Pierre’s house tomorrow 9. It’s not a problem; I’m happy to help 10. Where do you want to eat?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French?

1. ready to… 2. there wasn't / there weren't 3. this morning 4. to tell somebody something 5. (to) start 6. (to) leave (something somewhere) 7. (to) ask me 8. ready 9. (to) bring 10. everything is going 11. I must / I have to 12. (to) give you (formal) 13. do I have to 14. (to) watch 15. this evening / tonight 16. buy it (formal) 17. tell me (informal) 18. I had to 19. soon 20. there was / there were 21. (to) ask Pierre to do something 22. (to) put 23. (to) leave me 24. I wonder

25. (to) ask Pierre for something 26. (to) leave him / her / it 27. a show 28. please (be so kind as to…) 29. I wonder what… 30. don't tell me (formal) 31. it's early 32. don't buy it (informal) 33. (to) give me 34. wasn't there? / weren't there? 35. this afternoon 36. (to) leave (to go away from somewhere) 37. (to) go 38. on time 39. (to) give 40. buy it (informal) 41. (to) leave you (informal) 42. somebody 43. don't tell me (informal) 44. tell me (formal) 45. be (command) 46. (to) bring me 47. was there? / were there? 48. (to) open 49. (to) leave you (formal) 50. to tell somebody to do something

51. leave me alone (formal) 52. it's going 53. a film 54. (to) give you (informal) 55. (to) ask 56. early 57. (to) close 58. (to) be 59. in 60. don't buy it (formal) 61. (to) call 62. leave me alone (informal) 63. (to) call me 64. I'm happy to / I'm glad to

1. prêt à… 2. il n'y avait pas 3. ce matin 4. dire quelque chose à quelqu'un 5. commencer 6. laisser 7. me demander 8. prêt 9. apporter 10. tout va 11. je dois 12. vous donner 13. dois-je 14. regarder 15. ce soir 16. achetez-le 17. dis-moi 18. je devais 19. bientôt 20. il y avait 21. demander à Pierre de faire quelque chose 22. mettre 23. me laisser 24. je me demande 25. demander quelque chose à Pierre 26. le / la laisser

27. un spectacle 28. veuillez 29. je me demande ce que… 30. ne me dites pas 31. il est tôt 32. ne l'achète pas 33. me donner 34. n'y avait-il pas? 35. cet après-midi 36. partir 37. aller 38. à l'heure 39. donner 40. achète-le 41. te laisser 42. quelqu'un 43. ne me dis pas 44. dites-moi 45. soyez 46. m'apporter 47. y avait-il? 48. ouvrir 49. vous laisser 50. dire à quelqu'un de faire quelque chose 51. laissez-moi tranquille 52. ça va

53. un film 54. te donner 55. demander 56. tôt 57. fermer 58. être 59. dans 60. ne l'achetez pas 61. appeler 62. laisse-moi tranquille 63. m'appeler 64. ça me fait plaisir de

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixty-nine to seventy-one of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons seventy-two to seventy-four, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 72 – 74 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 69-71”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 72 LESSON 73 LESSON 74 Merci

LESSON 72 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? this morning this afternoon this evening / tonight (to) open opened (to) close (to) start a show a film in (to) watch If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, in this lesson, we’re going to learn a bit of grammar. Remember that we looked at the past tense quite a while back? Well, there is a little extra bit of information we need to know about. Let’s just start with a quick recap, though…

The Past Tense The past tense in French is fairly easy. There are two parts. Here is an example with the names for each part :

J’ai 2mangé 1I have 2eaten 1

J’AI

1

MANGÉ

2

AUXILIARY VERB .

PAST PARTICIPLE .

I HAVE

EATEN

You can change the word "mangé" (the past participle) to any verb you like and change the meaning of the sentence. j'ai MANGÉ – I have EATEN j’ai FINI – I have FINISHED j’ai ATTENDU – I have WAITED If the original verb (the infinitive) ended in “er”, you change it to “é” to make the past participle. If it ends in “ir”, you change it to “i", and if it ends in “re”, you change it to “u”. Of course, there were all the irregular verbs that we looked at, as well, which do there own weird thing when becoming past participles, but most verbs follow the rules. There’s just one more thing that we need to go over with regards to the past tense, and that is what’s known as the “Verbs of Movement”.

VERBS OF MOVEMENT Now this may well be my favourite of all the French structures, however, it does have a little bit of an annoying feature. The trouble arrives when we look at the past tense in a little more depth. I’ve already said that the past tense in French consists of an auxiliary verb and a past participle. We learnt all the different auxiliary verbs and we learnt how to form the past participle, and it was all fine and dandy, even with those irregular past participles. However, it isn’t all plain sailing. I’ll say it quickly, so you don’t get too annoyed. In French, there is more than one type of auxiliary verb! There, I said it.

In French, we’ve seen these auxiliary verbs: Avoir – (To) have j'ai – I have tu as – you have il a – he has elle a – she has on a – one has Pierre a – Pierre has Marie a – Marie has nous avons – we have vous avez – you have ils ont – they have elles ont – they have (all women) Pierre et Marie ont – Pierre and Marie have And then I said that you can invert the auxiliary verb if you want to turn it into a question: Inverted auxiliary verb ai-je? – have I? / did I? as-tu? – have you? / did you? a-t-il? – has he? / did he? a-t-elle? – has she? / did she? a-t-on? – has one? / did one? Pierre a-t-il? – has Pierre? / did Pierre? Marie a-t-elle? – has Marie? / did Marie? avons-nous? – have we? / did we? avez-vous? – have you? / did you? ont-ils? – have they? / did they? ont-elles? – have they? (all women) / did they ? Pierre et Marie ont-ils? – have Pierre and Marie? / did Pierre and Marie? All the auxiliary verbs in the two lists above come from the verb “avoir”, which means “to have”. You can use the auxiliary verb “avoir” most of the time and chuck a past participle on the end. However, there is a small group

of verbs whose past participles demand a different auxiliary verb. The second auxiliary verb is “être”, which literally means “to be”. Normally, with most verbs, you turn it into a past participle and then put it on the end of any form of the auxiliary verb “avoir”. For example, a nice normal verb is “manger”.

manger – mangé (to) eat – eaten

J’ai mangé / tu as mangé / il a mangé… I have eaten / you have eaten / he has eaten… See how beautifully simple it is. Now, let’s look at one of the verbs that demands its own auxiliary verb. “Aller” means “to go” and the past participle is “allé”.

aller – allé (to) go – gone You cannot say, “j’ai allé” in French. If you said “j’ai allé” in France thinking it meant “I have gone”, you would be laughed and mocked out of the country. So, what do we say if we want to say “I’ve gone”? Well, you say “je suis allé". "Je suis" literally means "I am”, but when you put it with “allé”, its meaning changes to “I have”. It’s the only ever time “je suis” means “I have” rather than “I am”. This might seem a little strange to get your head round at first, but the more we go over it, the more normal it will start to become. Also, this isn’t a completely foreign phenomenon.

During the 1600s and the 1700s, English used to use “be” for some verbs, as well. If you look at some books written during that time, you’ll see this. E.g. “The Lady Valeria is come to visit you” is a line from Shakespeare’s tragedy “Coriolanus”. Today, we would say “The Lady Valeria has come to visit you”, instead. Even in the famous Christmas carol, it goes, “Joy to the World, the Lord is come.” If it had been written today, it would have been, “Joy to the World, the Lord has come”. For some reason or another, we stopped using “be” in this way in English, whereas in French, they still use “être” instead of “avoir” with a certain group of verbs (whose identity I shall reveal shortly). So:

je suis allé I have gone / I went “Je suis” comes from the verb “être", which means “to be”.

Here are the other forms of it. I’ve put what it actually means first and then what it means when you’ve put a past participle on the end of it in brackets afterwards. être – to be je suis – I am (I have) tu es – you are (you have) il est – he is (he has) elle est – she is (she has) Pierre est – Pierre is (Pierre has) Marie est – Marie is (Marie has) on est – one is (one has) nous sommes – we are (we have) vous êtes – you are (you have) ils sont – they are (they have) elles sont – they are (they have) Marie et Pierre sont – Marie and Pierre are (Marie and Pierre have)

So, you can put “allé” on the end of any of these:

je suis allé I have gone / I went

tu es allé you have gone / you went

il est allé he has gone / he went

How would you say this in French?

I have gone.

I have gone. Je suis allé.

How would you say this in French?

He has gone.

He has gone. Il est allé.

Here is another verb that uses “être” as its auxiliary verb rather than “avoir”:

partir It means “to leave” You pronounce it “pahr-teer” And the past participle is “parti”

How would you say this in French?

I have left.

I have left. Je suis parti.

How would you say this in French?

You have left.

You have left. Tu es parti. / Vous êtes parti.

How would you say this in French?

He has left.

He has left. Il est parti.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has left.

Pierre has left. Pierre est parti.

Let’s add another “être” verb:

arriver It means “to arrive” You pronounce it “ah-ree-vay” And the past participle is “arrivé”

How would you say this in French?

I have arrived.

I have arrived. Je suis arrivé.

How would you say this in French?

You have arrived.

You have arrived. Tu es arrivé. / Vous êtes arrivé.

How would you say this in French?

He has arrived.

He has arrived. Il est arrivé.

How would you say this in French?

The train has arrived.

The train has arrived. Le train est arrivé.

This next “être” verb is a little bit irregular:

venir It means “to come” You pronounce it “veugh-neer” And the past participle is “venu”

How would you say this in French?

I have come early.

I have come early. Je suis venu tôt.

How would you say this in French?

You have come.

You have come. Tu es venu. / Vous êtes venu.

How would you say this in French?

He has come late.

He has come late. Il est venu tard.

How would you say this in French?

The train has come.

The train has come. Le train est venu.

So, we now know that aller, partir, arriver and venir use être as their auxiliary verb. But the group is a little bigger than just those four; there are 16 altogether. Let me introduce you to somebody who will help you to remember the verbs that need to use “être” rather than “avoir” with their past participles. That person is Mrs Van der Tramp…

MRS VAN DER TRAMP Who is she? Mrs Van der Tramp is actually an acronym that will help you remember all 14 verbs that require “être” in the past tense. We already know “aller”, which accounts for the first A in Mrs Van der Tramp. So, let’s now have a look at the other 13 verbs.

Monter Rentrer Sortir Venir Arriver Naître Descendre Entrer Retourner Tomber Rester Aller Mourir Partir Now let’s have a look at what they all mean and then their past participles. I’ve called them “Verbs of Movement” in the title of this chapter, and that’s because most of them involve some sort of movement. So, you could say that “verbs of movement need to use “être” as their auxiliary verb in the past tense”. The verbs of movement

monter – to go up rentrer – to go back sortir – to go out venir – to come arriver – to arrive naître – to be born descendre – to descend entrer – to enter retourner – to return tomber – to fall rester – to stay aller – to go mourir – to die partir – to leave Most of the verbs of movement are normal in how they form their past participles (er becomes é, ir becomes i, re becomes u). However, there are a few that are irregular, so I’ve put an asterisk by these: The verbs of movement past participles monté – gone up / went up rentré – gone back / went back sorti – gone out / went out *venu – come / came arrivé – arrived *né – was born descendu – descended entré – entered retourné – returned tombé – fallen / fell resté – stayed allé – gone / went *mort – died parti – left All of the verbs in the Mrs Van der Tramp list use “être” as their auxiliary verb. Let’s do a little practice:

How would you say this in French?

Pierre left this morning.

Pierre left this morning. Pierre est parti ce matin.

How would you say this in French?

I arrived in France yesterday.

I arrived in France yesterday. Je suis arrivé en France hier.

How would you say this in French?

Davide died last year.

Davide died last year. Davide est mort l’année dernière.

How would you say this in French?

You stayed at the hotel.

You stayed at the hotel. Tu es resté à l’hôtel. / Vous êtes resté à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

I fell over.

I fell over. Je suis tombé.

How would you say this in French?

The train left early.

The train left early. Le train est parti tôt.

How would you say this in French?

I went to Calais with Marie.

I went to Calais with Marie. Je suis allé à Calais avec Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Davide came with me.

Davide came with me. Davide est venu avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

I was born here.

I was born here. Je suis né ici.

How would you say this in French?

I went out with Sophie and Pierre last night.

I went out with Sophie and Pierre last night. Je suis sorti avec Sophie et Pierre hier soir.

You can invert this new auxiliary verb in the same way as we inverted “avoir”. You just switch them round and put a hyphen in the middle. However, one good thing is that you don’t need to put a -t- in the middle for “il”, “elle” or “on”, because the word “est” already ends in the letter t. Just like with the other auxiliary verb, it can mean two things in English. Inverted form of “être” suis-je? – have I? / did I? es-tu? – have you? / did you? est-il? – has he? / did he? est-elle? – has she? / did she? Pierre est-il? – has Pierre? / did Pierre? Marie est-elle? – has Marie? / did Marie? est-on? – has one? / did one? sommes-nous? – have we? / did we? êtes-vous? – have you? / did you? sont-ils? – have they? / did they? sont-elles? – have they? / did they? (all female) Marie et Pierre sont-ils? – have Marie and Pierre? / did Marie and Pierre? So, you can use the verbs of movement (or Mrs Van der Tramp verbs) in structure 4 questions and non-questions now. Let’s practise a little:

How would you say this in French?

When did you arrive?

When did you arrive? Quand es-tu arrivé? / Quand êtes-vous arrivé?

How would you say this in French?

What time did the train leave?

What time did the train leave? À quelle heure le train est-il parti?

How would you say this in French?

Was Pierre born in Paris?

Was Pierre born in Paris? Pierre est-il né à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Why did he come with us?

Why did he come with us? Pourquoi est-il venu avec nous?

How would you say this in French?

Whom did you go out last night? (with whom)

Whom did you go out with last night? Avec qui es-tu sorti hier soir? / Avec qui êtes-vous sorti hier soir?

Feminine & Plural endings When you’re dealing with the verbs of movement (or the Mrs Van der Tramp verbs), you have to be careful when the subject is feminine and/or plural. Firstly, if the subject is “elle” or any feminine name/noun, then you have to add an extra ‘e’ to the end of the past participle. Secondly, if the subject is “ils”, “nous” or any plural name/noun, you have to add an ‘s’ to the end of the past participle. Finally, if the subject is “elles” or any feminine plural name/noun, you have to add an ‘es’ to the end of the past participle.

he left early il est parti tôt she left early elle est partie tôt they left early ils sont partis tôt Marie and Sophie left early Marie et Sophie sont parties tôt

The subject "nous" will always be plural, but it could also be feminine plural. Similarly, the subject “vous” could be plural or feminine plural. In speaking, these endings can’t be heard most of the time, so don’t worry too much about them. It’s more important to remember them in writing. Also, the subjects “je” or “tu” could be feminine if you’re a woman or you’re speaking to a woman. In either case, you would have to add an ‘e’ to the end of the past participle. Just in case you were wondering, this is called “agreeing the participle”. You have to make it “agree” with the subject of the sentence. So, let’s look at all the forms of “aller”: I have gone – je suis allé(e) – add an e if you’re a girl you have gone – tu es allé(e) he has gone – il est allé she has gone – elle est allée we have gone – nous sommes allé(e)s you have gone – vous êtes allé(e)(s) they have gone – ils sont allés they have gone – elles sont allées

So, try and remember the following rules: MASCULINE = NO CHANGE il est parti FEMININE = EXTRA -E elle est partie PLURAL = EXTRA -S nous sommes partis FEMININE PLURAL = EXTRA -ES elles sont parties And just note the following things: JE this can be masculine or feminine TU this can be masculine or feminine NOUS this can be masculine plural or feminine plural VOUS this can be anything ILS this is always masculine plural ELLES this is always feminine plural

How would you say this in French?

When did he arrive?

When did he arrive? Quand est-il arrivé?

How would you say this in French?

Did Pierre fall over?

Did Pierre fall over? Pierre est-il tombé?

How would you say this in French?

Marie has left.

Marie has left. Marie est partie.

How would you say this in French?

She went to the cinema.

She went to the cinema. Elle est allée au cinéma.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Pierre went up.

Marie and Pierre went up. Marie et Pierre sont montés.

How would you say this in French?

Why did you leave early?

Why did you leave early? Pourquoi es-tu parti tôt? / Pourquoi êtes-vous parti tôt?

How would you say this in French?

Have Marie and Pierre gone to Paris?

Have Marie and Pierre gone to Paris? Marie et Pierre sont-ils allés à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Did Marie stay here?

Did Marie stay here? Marie est-elle restée ici?

How would you say this in French?

Have they left?

Have they left? Sont-ils partis? / Sont-elles parties?

How would you say this in French?

Where was she born?

Where was she born? Où est-elle née?

How would you say this in French?

When did Marie and Pierre leave?

When did Marie and Pierre leave? Quand Marie et Pierre sont-ils partis?

How would you say this in French?

He stayed at the hotel.

He stayed at the hotel. Il est resté à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

Why did they go together?

Why did they go together? Pourquoi sont-ils allés ensemble?

How would you say this in French?

Have Marie and Sophie come with you?

Have Marie and Sophie come with you? Marie et Sophie sont-elles venues avec toi / vous?

How would you say this in French?

You returned last year.

You returned last year. Tu es retourné l’année dernière. / Vous êtes retourné l’année dernière.

How would you say this in French?

When did I go to Spain?

When did I go to Spain? Quand suis-je allé en Espagne?

How would you say this in French?

Why have you gone back to Paris?

Why have you gone back to Paris? Pourquoi es-tu rentré à Paris? / Pourquoi êtes-vous rentré à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Did Sophie and Marie come together?

Did Sophie and Marie come together? Sophie et Marie sont-elles venues ensemble?

How would you say this in French?

Has he died?

Has he died? Est-il mort?

How would you say this in French?

They went back to London.

They went back to London. Ils sont rentrés à Londres. / Elles sont rentrées à Londres.

How would you say this in French?

I went up.

I went up. Je suis monté.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has gone.

Pierre has gone. Pierre est allé.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Sophie went back to France by train.

Marie and Sophie went back to France by train. Marie et Sophie sont rentrées en France en train.

How would you say this in French?

Has Pierre gone out?

Has Pierre gone out? Pierre est-il sorti?

How would you say this in French?

Has she returned?

Has she returned? Est-elle retournée?

How would you say this in French?

Has Marie gone out?

Has Marie gone out? Marie est-elle sortie?

Mrs Van der Tramp’s husband We’ve seen 14 verbs of movement now, but there are actually two more than I wanted to bring your attention to.

Devenir & Revenir The verb “devenir” means “to become”, whilst “revenir” means “to come back”. They are actually relatives of the verb “venir”, which means “to come”. Remember how “venir” in the past participle becomes “venu”? Well, look at devenir and revenir:

devenir (devenu) to become (become / became)

revenir (revenu) to come back (come back / came back) The good thing is that those two verbs can slot into our little acronym quite easily. You see, Mrs Van der Tramp has a husband, who just happens to be a doctor. So, the acronym is now: Mrs & Dr Van der Tramp

Monter Rentrer Sortir & Devenir Revenir

Venir Arriver Naître Descendre Entrer Retourner Tomber Rester Aller Mourir Partir

The 16 verbs of movement monter – to go up rentrer – to go back sortir – to go out devenir – to become revenir – to come back venir – to come arriver – to arrive naître – to be born descendre – to descend entrer – to enter retourner – to return tomber – to fall rester – to stay aller – to go mourir – to die

partir – to leave

How would you say this in French?

Has he come back?

Has he come back? Est-il revenu?

How would you say this in French?

Marie didn’t come back.

Marie didn’t come back. Marie n’est pas revenue.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has become friends with Louis.

Pierre has become friends with Louis. Pierre est devenu ami avec Louis.

How would you say this in French?

Why did he leave?

Why did he leave? Pourquoi est-il parti?

How would you say this in French?

I came back yesterday.

I came back yesterday. Je suis revenu hier.

How would you say this in French?

I was born in England but I came to France seven years ago.

I was born in England but I came to France seven years ago. Je suis né en Angleterre mais je suis venu en France il y a sept ans.

How would you say this in French?

When was she born?

When was she born? Quand est-elle née?

How would you say this in French?

Where were they born?

Where were they born? Où sont-ils nés? / Où sont-elles nées?

How would you say this in French?

He went out yesterday and he came back this morning.

He went out yesterday and he came back this morning. Il est sorti hier et il est revenu ce matin.

WORD LIST SO FAR je suis – I have (I am) tu es – you have (you are) il est – he has (he is) elle est – she has (she is) nous sommes – we have (we are) vous êtes – you have (you are) ils sont – they have (they are) elles sont – they have (they are) monter – (to) go up rester – (to) stay sortir – (to) go out devenir – (to) become revenir – (to) come back venir – (to) come aller – (to) go naître – (to) be born descendre – (to) go down entrer – (to) go in rentrer – (to) go back tomber – (to) fall retourner – (to) return arriver – (to) arrive mourir – (to) die partir – (to) leave monté – gone up / went up resté – stayed sorti – gone out / went out devenu – become / became revenu – come back / came back venu – come / came allé – gone / went né – been born / was born

descendu – gone down / went down entré – gone in / went in rentré – gone back / went back tombé – fallen / fell retourné – returned arrivé – arrived mort – died parti – left

Two meanings We saw when we looked at the past tense before that there are always two ways to talk about this past tense in English, but there’s just the one way in French. In English, you can either say:

I have fallen or I fell Thankfully, in French, there is only one version. So, no matter whether you want to say “I have fallen” or “I fell”, in French, you always just say “je suis tombé”. je suis tombé I have fallen / I fell

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Je suis allé.

Je suis allé. I have gone. / I went.

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Tu es allé.

Tu es allé. You have gone. / You went.

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Vous êtes allé.

Vous êtes allé You have gone. / You went.

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Il est revenu.

Il est revenu. He has come back. / He came back.

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Nous sommes montés.

Nous sommes montés. We have gone up. / We went up.

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Marie est tombée.

Marie est tombée. Marie has fallen. / Marie fell.

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Ils sont venus.

Ils sont venus. They have come. / They came.

Verbs of Movement Let’s have a look at both English versions of the past participles of all the verbs of movement.

je suis devenu I have become / I became je suis revenu I have come back / I came back je suis monté I have gone up / I went up je suis resté I have stayed / I stayed je suis sorti I have gone out / I went out je suis venu I have come / I came je suis allé I have gone / I went je suis né I was born (only one version) je suis descendu I have gone down / I went down je suis entré I have gone in / I went in je suis rentré

I have gone back / I went back je suis tombé I have fallen / I fell je suis retourné I have returned / I returned je suis arrivé I have arrived / I arrived je suis mort I have died / I died je suis parti I have left / I left

The negative past You know how to form the negative past with avoir as the auxiliary, well, it’s the same idea with être as the auxiliary. You simple make the conjugation of être negative: être – to be je ne suis pas – I’m not (I haven’t) tu n’es pas – you’re not (you haven’t) il n’est pas – he isn’t (he hasn’t) elle n’est pas – she isn’t (she hasn’t) Pierre n’est pas – Pierre isn’t (Pierre hasn’t) Marie n’est pas – Marie isn’t (Marie hasn’t) on n’est pas – one isn’t (one hasn’t) nous ne sommes pas – we aren’t (we haven’t) vous n’êtes pas – you aren’t (you haven’t) ils ne sont pas – they aren’t (they haven’t) elles ne sont pas – they aren’t (they haven’t) Marie et Pierre ne sont pas – Marie and Pierre aren’t (Marie and Pierre haven’t)

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t left.

I haven’t left. Je ne suis pas parti.

How would you say this in French?

She hasn’t arrived.

She hasn’t arrived. Elle n’est pas arrivée.

How would you say this in French?

They haven’t fallen.

They haven’t fallen. Ils ne sont pas tombés.

Just like always, there are two ways to talk about the negative past in English, but only one way in French. In English, you can either say I haven’t fallen or I didn’t fall Thankfully, in French, there is only the one version. So, no matter whether you want to say, “I haven’t fallen” or “I didn’t fall”, in French, it’s always just “je ne suis pas tombé”.

What are the two ways that you could translate this phrase into English?

Je ne suis pas allé.

Je ne suis pas allé. I haven’t gone. / I didn’t go.

What are the two ways that you could translate this phrase into English?

Ils ne sont pas arrivés.

Ils ne sont pas arrivés. They haven’t arrived. / They didn’t arrive.

What are the two ways that you could translate this phrase into English?

Elle n’est pas venue.

Elle n’est pas venue. She hasn’t come. / She didn’t come.

What are the two ways that you could translate this phrase into English?

Nous ne sommes pas sortis.

Nous ne sommes pas sortis. We haven’t gone out. / We didn’t go out.

What are the two ways that you could translate this phrase into English?

Il n’est pas mort.

Il n’est pas mort. He hasn’t died. / He didn’t die.

Questions in the past You know how to ask questions in the past with avoir as the auxiliary verb, well, it’s the same idea with être as the auxiliary: être – to be suis-je – am I (have I) es-tu – are you (have you) est-il – is he (has he) est-elle – is she (has she) Pierre est-il – is Pierre (has Pierre) Marie est-elle – is Marie (has Marie) est-on – is one (has one) sommes-nous – are we (have we) êtes-vous – are you (have you) sont-ils – are they (have they) sont-elles – are they (have they) Marie et Pierre sont-ils – are Marie and Pierre (have Marie and Pierre)

How would you say this in French?

Has she left?

Has she left? Est-elle partie?

How would you say this in French?

Has Pierre arrived?

Has Pierre arrived? Pierre est-il arrivé?

How would you say this in French?

Have they gone?

Have they gone? Sont-ils allés? / Sont-elles allées?

How would you say this in French?

Where did they go?

Where did they go? Où sont-ils allés? / Où sont-elles allées?

How would you say this in French?

When did the train arrive?

When did the train arrive? Quand le train est-il arrivé?

Just like always, there are two ways to ask questions in the past in English, but only one way in French. You can either say: Has he arrived? or Did he arrive? Thankfully, in French, there is only the one version. So, no matter whether you want to say “Has he arrived?” or “Did he arrive?”, in French, it’s always just “Est-il arrivé?”.

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Où est-il allé?

Où est-il allé? Where has he gone? / Where did he go?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Sont-ils partis?

Sont-ils partis? Have they left? / Did they leave?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Est-elle venue?

Est-elle venue? Has she come? / Did she come?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Pourquoi est-il parti tôt?

Pourquoi est-il parti tôt? Why has he left early? / Why did he leave early?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Est-elle morte?

Est-elle morte? Has she died? / Did she die?

Negative questions in the past You know how to ask negative questions in the past with avoir as the auxiliary verb, well, it’s the same idea with être as the auxiliary: être – to be ne suis-je pas – am I not (haven’t I) n’es-tu pas – aren’t you (haven’t you) n’est-il pas – isn’t he (hasn’t he) n’est-elle pas – isn’t she (hasn’t she) Pierre n’est-il pas – isn’t Pierre (hasn’t Pierre) Marie n’est-elle pas – isn’t Marie (hasn’t Marie) n'est-on pas – isn’t one (hasn’t one) ne sommes-nous pas – aren’t we (haven’t we) n’êtes-vous pas – aren’t you (haven’t you) ne sont-ils pas – aren’t they (haven’t they) ne sont-elles pas – aren’t they (haven’t they) Marie et Pierre ne sont-ils pas – aren’t Marie and Pierre (haven’t Marie and Pierre)

How would you say this in French?

Hasn’t she left?

Hasn’t she left? N’est-elle pas partie?

How would you say this in French?

Hasn’t Pierre arrived?

Hasn’t Pierre arrived? Pierre n’est-il pas arrivé?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t they left?

Haven’t they left? Ne sont-ils pas partis?

How would you say this in French?

Why didn’t we go out?

Why didn’t we go out? Pourquoi ne sommes-nous pas sortis?

Just like always, there are always two ways to ask negative questions in the past in English. However, in French, there is just one way: In English, you can either say: Hasn’t he come? or Didn’t he come? Thankfully, in French, there is only the one version. So, no matter whether you want to say “Hasn’t he come?” or “Didn’t he come?”, in French, you always say “N’est-il pas venu?”

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

N’est-il pas allé?

N’est-il pas allé? Hasn’t he gone? / Didn’t he go?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Ne sont-ils pas partis?

Ne sont-ils pas partis? Haven’t they left? / Didn’t they leave?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

N’est-elle pas venue?

N’est-elle pas venue? Hasn’t she come? / Didn’t she come?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

Pourquoi le train n’est-il pas parti?

Pourquoi le train n’est-il pas parti? Why hasn’t the train left? / Why didn’t the train leave?

What are the two things that this phrase could mean in English?

N’es-tu pas allé?

N'es-tu pas allé? Haven’t you gone? / Didn’t you go?

I’ve been to… One last thing to mention before we move on from the “Verbs of Movement” in the past, is how to say “I’ve been to France”. This is a very odd sentence in English – what you would literally say in French, instead of “I’ve been to France” is “I’ve gone to France” (Je suis allé en France). Whenever you see any form of “been to…”, you should always see if you can change the sentence to a different sentence using “go”, and then you can use the verb “aller”, in French. Have you been to France? Have you gone to France? Es-tu allé en France? Where have you been? Where did you go? Où es-tu allé? I haven’t been to France I haven’t gone to France Je ne suis pas allé en France

How do you say this in French?

Have they been to Italy?

Have they been to Italy? Sont-ils allés en Italie? / Sont-elles allés en Italie?

How do you say this in French?

Has he been to the restaurant?

Has he been to the restaurant? Est-il allé au restaurant?

How do you say this in French?

Where has Marie been?

Where has Marie been? Où Marie est-elle allée?

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. I’ve become a bit mad (I’ve gone a bit mad) 2. Were you born here in France? 3. They returned last week 4. He left five minutes ago 5. Pierre didn’t die 6. When did you come back? 7. We went on holiday to France last year 8. She stayed here with us 9. The train hasn’t arrived 10. Marie and Sophie came to London yesterday

1. Je suis devenu un peu fou 2. Es-tu / Êtes-vous né ici en France? 3. Ils sont retournés / Elles sont retournées la semaine dernière 4. Il est parti il y a cinq minutes 5. Pierre n’est pas mort 6. Quand es-tu / êtes-vous revenu? 7. Nous sommes allé(e)s en vacances en France l’année dernière 8. Elle est restée ici avec nous 9. Le train n’est pas arrivé 10. Marie et Sophie sont venues à Londres hier

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Vous êtes arrivé tôt 2. Ils sont partis il y a deux jours 3. Pierre n’est pas venu aujourd’hui 4. Sophie est partie mais Marie est ici 5. Je ne suis pas sorti 6. Je suis né en Angleterre 7. Nous sommes allés en vacances 8. Pourquoi sont-elles rentrées? 9. Qui est venu avec toi? 10. Où es-tu resté?

1. You have arrived early 2. They left two days ago 3. Pierre hasn’t come today 4. Sophie has left but Marie is here 5. I didn’t go out 6. I was born in England 7. We went on holiday 8. Why did they go back? 9. Who came with you? 10. Where did you stay?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. You spent a week in Paris 2. They serve breakfast from seven o’clock until ten o’clock at the hotel 3. Is it good? 4. I didn’t forget 5. How much is the breakfast? 6. Is she at the restaurant? 7. Where do you want to have lunch later? 8. No, that isn’t for her 9. It isn’t for me 10. I would like a room with a king-sized bed

1. Tu as / Vous avez passé une semaine à Paris 2. Ils servent le petit-déjeuner de sept heures jusqu’à dix heures à l’hôtel 3. Est-ce que c’est bon? 4. Je n’ai pas oublié 5. C’est combien le petit déjeuner? 6. Est-elle au restaurant? 7. Où voulez-vous prendre le déjeuner plus tard? 8. Non, ҫa ce n’est pas pour elle 9. Ce n’est pas pour moi 10. Je voudrais une chambre avec un grand lit

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas toujours ici 2. Il est sept heures et demie 3. J’ai une voiture 4. Soyez heureux 5. Vas-tu payer l’addition maintenant? 6. Il est trop grand 7. Je devais appeler Pierre hier 8. Un peu plus petit pour moi, s’il vous plaît 9. Quelle est l’adresse du restaurant? 10. C’est combien pour dix jours?

1. It isn’t always here 2. It’s half past seven 3. I have a car 4. Be happy 5. Are you going to pay the bill now? 6. It’s too big 7. I had to call Pierre yesterday 8. A bit smaller for me, please 9. What is the restaurant’s address? 10. How much is it for ten days?

LESSON 73 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to go up to stay to go out to become to come back to come to go to be born to go down to go in to go back to fall to return to arrive to die to leave If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, here is a very useful verb, which is also an “infinitive carrier”:

devoir It means “must” or “(to) have to” You pronounce it “deugh-vwahr”

DEVOIR “Devoir” is an irregular verb in the present tense, but then you’ll find that most “infinitive carriers” are very irregular in French. Here’s the present tense conjugation of the verb “devoir” PRESENT TENSE devoir – must / to have to je dois – I must / I have to tu dois – you must / you have to il doit – he must / he has to elle doit – she must / she has to nous devons – we must / we have to vous devez – you must / you have to ils doivent – they must / they have to elles doivent – they must / they have to You can put any infinitive on the end of “devoir”. (FYI – the infinitive is the whole form of the verb, the one that ends in “er”, “ir” or “re”)

How would you say this in French?

I have to leave now.

I have to leave now. Je dois partir maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

We have to pay the bill.

We have to pay the bill. Nous devons payer l’addition.

How would you say this in French?

You must speak French.

You must speak French. Tu dois / Vous devez parler anglais.

How would you say this in French?

Marie has to go.

Marie has to go. Marie doit aller.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t come today; I have to do something.

I can’t come today; I have to do something. Je ne peux pas venir aujourd’hui; je dois faire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

They must be here at five o’clock.

They must be here at five o’clock tomorrow morning. Ils doivent / Elles doivent être ici à cinq heures demain matin.

How would you say this in French?

I have to leave at 9pm.

I have to leave at 9pm. Je dois partir à vingt-et-un heures.

How would you say this in French?

The train must be early.

The train must be here. Le train doit être ici.

MUST NOT “Devoir” can mean “must” or “to have to”, but when it’s used in the negative, it always expresses forbidding.. Here’s the negative present tense conjugation of the verb “devoir” with its English meanings. NEGATIVE PRESENT TENSE devoir – must / to have to je ne dois pas – I must not tu ne dois pas – you must not il ne doit pas – he must not elle ne doit pas – she must not nous ne devons pas – we must not vous ne devez pas – you must not ils ne doivent pas – they must not elles ne doivent pas – they must not Just be careful with the verb “devoir” in the negative. Even though in the positive, “je dois” can mean “I must” or “I have to”, in the negative, it can only mean “I must not”. If you want to say “I don’t have to”, you have to say something else. We’ll look at this in a bit.

How would you say this in French?

I mustn’t leave late.

I mustn’t leave late. Je ne dois pas partir tard.

How would you say this in French?

We mustn’t arrive too early.

We mustn’t arrive too early. Nous ne devons pas arriver trop tôt.

How would you say this in French?

He mustn’t go to Paris.

He mustn’t go to Paris. Il ne doit pas aller à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

You must not call me today; I’m very busy.

You must not call me today; I’m very busy. Tu ne dois pas / Vous ne devez pas m’appeler aujourd’hui; je suis très occupé.

How would you say this in French?

I mustn’t eat too much; I’m going to the restaurant later with Pierre for dinner.

I mustn’t eat too much; I’m going to the restaurant later with Pierre for dinner. Je ne dois pas trop manger; je vais au restaurant plus tard avec Pierre pour le dîner.

DO I HAVE TO? You can easily form questions with “devoir” in the same way as we usually do; you just invert the verb with the subject pronoun. QUESTIONS IN THE PRESENT TENSE devoir – must / to have to dois-je? – do I have to? dois-tu ? – do you have to? doit-il? – does he have to? doit-elle? – does she have to? devons-nous? – do we have to? devez-vous? – do you have to? doivent-ils? – do they have to? doivent-elles? – do they have to?

How would you say this in French?

What do you have to do?

What do you have to do? Que dois-tu faire? / Que devez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

When do we have to go?

When do we have to go? Quand devons-nous aller?

How would you say this in French?

What do I have to do now?

What do you I to do now? Que dois-je faire maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Why do we have to leave now?

Why do we have to leave now? Pourquoi devons-nous partir maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

What time do we have to be there tonight?

What time do we have to be there tonight? À quelle heure devons-nous être là ce soir?

YOU DON’T HAVE TO So, we’ve seen now that if you say “vous devez”, it can mean either “you must” or “you have to”. However, if you make it negative, “vous ne devez pas”, it only means “you must not”. So, how do you say, “you don’t have to…”. Well, if you want to say that something isn’t obligatory, you can use the verb “avoir”, which means “to have” in the negative followed by the word “à” DON’T HAVE TO avoir – to have je n’ai pas à… – I don’t have to… tu n’as pas à… – you don’t have to… il n’a pas à… – he doesn’t have to… elle n’a pas à… – she doesn’t have to… nous n’avons pas à… – we don’t have to… vous n’avez pas à… – you don’t have to… ils n’ont pas à… – they don’t have to… elles n’ont pas à… – they don’t have to…

How would you say this in French?

You don’t have to come with me.

You don’t have to come with me. Tu n’as pas à venir avec moi. / Vous n’avez pas à venir avec moi.

How would you say this in French?

You don’t have to sarcastic.

You don’t have to be sarcastic. Tu n’as pas à être sarcastique. / Vous n’avez pas à être sarcastique.

How would you say this in French?

We don’t have to go to the supermarket today.

We don’t have to go to the supermarket today. Nous n’avons pas à aller au supermarché aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

They don’t have to call me if they are busy.

They don’t have to call me if they are busy. Ils n’ont pas à m’appeler s’ils sont occupés. / Elles n’ont pas à m’appeler si elles sont occupées.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre doesn’t have to buy a souvenir for me; everything is very expensive.

Pierre doesn’t have to buy a souvenir for me; everything is very expensive. Pierre n’a pas à acheter un souvenir pour moi; tout est très cher.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have to leave until tomorrow.

I don’t have to leave until tomorrow. Je n’ai pas à partir jusqu’à demain.

How would you say this in French?

You don’t have to help me.

You don’t have to help me. Tu n’as pas à m’aider. / Vous n’avez pas à m’aider.

Here’s another very useful verb, which also happens to be an infinitive carrier:

vouloir It means “(to) want” You pronounce it “voo-lwahr”

VOULOIR Just like I said before, most infinitive carriers in French are irregular. Here’s the present tense conjugation of the verb “vouloir” PRESENT TENSE vouloir – to want je veux – I want tu veux – you want il veut – he wants elle veut – she wants nous voulons – we want vous voulez – you want ils veulent – they want elles veulent – they want Again, you can put any infinitive on the end of “vouloir”.

How would you say this in French?

I want to leave now.

I want to leave now. Je veux partir maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

We want to pay the bill.

We want to pay the bill. Nous voulons payer l’addition.

How would you say this in French?

We want to speak French.

We want to speak French. Nous voulons parler franҫais.

How would you say this in French?

Marie wants to go.

Marie wants to go. Marie veut aller.

How would you say this in French?

They want to come with us.

They want to come with us. Ils veulent venir avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre wants to call me.

Pierre wants to call me. Pierre veut m’appeler.

How would you say this in French?

She wants to buy that but it’s very expensive.

She wants to buy that but it’s very expensive. Elle veut acheter ҫa mais c’est très cher.

DON’T WANT Here’s the negative present tense conjugation of the verb “vouloir” with its English meanings. NEGATIVE PRESENT TENSE vouloir – to want je ne veux pas – I don’t want tu ne veux pas – you don’t want il ne veut pas – he doesn’t want elle ne veut pas – she doesn’t want nous ne voulons pas – we don’t want vous ne voulez pas – you don’t want ils ne veulent pas – they don’t want elles ne veulent pas – they don’t want

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to leave too late.

I don’t want to leave too late. Je ne veux pas partir trop tard.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre doesn’t want to arrive too early.

Pierre doesn’t want to arrive too early. Pierre ne veut pas arriver trop tôt.

How would you say this in French?

He doesn’t want to go to Paris.

He doesn’t want to go to Paris. Il ne veut pas aller à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to call Lucie now; I’m too busy.

I don’t want to call Lucie now; I’m too busy. Je ne veux pas appeler Lucie maintenant; je suis trop occupé.

How would you say this in French?

They don’t want to eat at the restaurant.

They don’t want to eat at the restaurant. Ils / Elles ne veulent pas manger au restaurant.

DO YOU WANT? You can easily form questions with “vouloir” in the same way as we usually do; you just invert the verb with the subject pronoun. QUESTIONS IN THE PRESENT TENSE vouloir – to want veux-je? – do I want? veux-tu ? – do you want? veut-il? – does he want? veut-elle? – does she want? voulons-nous? – do we want? voulez-vous? – do you want? veulent-ils? – do they want? veulent-elles? – do they want?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? Que veux-tu faire? / Que voulez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

When does Pierre want to go?

When does Pierre want to go? Quand Pierre veut-il aller?

How would you say this in French?

Who wants to eat here?

Who wants to eat here? Qui veut manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

Why do they want leave now?

Why do they want to leave now? Pourquoi veulent-ils partir maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to go to the restaurant tonight?

What time do you want to go to the restaurant tonight? À quelle heure veux-tu aller au restaurant ce soir? / À quelle heure voulez-vous aller au restaurant ce soir?

The infinitive carriers that we learnt in this lesson are really useful, so I recommend you spend a little time going over them and memorising them. Have a go at building some of your own sentences with them and really get used to using them, because they will definitely come in handy. WORD LIST SO FAR je dois – I must / I have to tu dois – you must / you have to il doit – he must / he has to elle doit – she must / she has to nous devons – we must / we have to vous devez – you must / you have to ils doivent – they must / they have to elles doivent – they must / they have to je veux – I want tu veux – you want il veut – he wants elle veut – she wants nous voulons – we want vous voulez – you want ils veulent – they want elles veulent – they want je n’ai pas à – I don’t have to tu n’as pas à – you don’t have to il n’a pas à – he doesn’t have to elle n’a pas à – she doesn’t have to nous n’avons pas à – we don’t have to vous n’avez pas à – you don’t have to ils n’ont pas à – they don’t have to elles n’ont pas à – they don’t have to

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I have to leave in five minutes She must not eat that pizza; it’s for Sophie I don’t have to go until tomorrow Why do I have to go with you? We don’t want to eat at the hotel; we want to go to a restaurant You don’t have to help me if you’re busy She has to call Pierre I don’t want to buy it; it’s too expensive They want to walk but I want to go in the car We want to start now

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Je dois partir dans cinq minutes Elle ne doit pas manger cette pizza; elle est pour Sophie Je n’ai pas à aller jusqu’à demain Pourquoi dois-je aller avec toi / vous ? Nous ne voulons pas manger à l’hôtel; nous voulons aller à un restaurant 6. Tu n’as pas à m’aider si tu es occupé / Vous n’avez pas à m’aider si vous êtes occupé 7. Elle doit appeler Pierre 8. Je ne veux pas l’acheter; c’est trop cher 9. Ils / Elles veulent aller à pied mais je veux aller en voiture 10. Nous voulons commencer maintenant

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Ils n’ont pas à faire cela; je peux tout faire Il veut prendre le train mais il est parti il y a dix minutes Elle veut dire quelque chose d’important Que doivent-ils faire? Il ne veut pas aller chez Sophie Je ne dois pas boire trop de vin; j’ai bu une bouteille de vin blanc hier 7. Je veux montrer quelque chose à Marie 8. Tu n’as pas à prendre le train; j’ai une voiture 9. Il doit être monsieur Boulot 10. Ils doivent avoir assez d’argent

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

They don’t have to do that; I can do everything He wants to take the train but it left ten minutes ago She wants to say something important What do they have to do? He doesn’t want to go to Sophie’s house I must not drink too much wine; I drank a bottle of white wine yesterday! 7. I want to show something to Marie 8. You don’t have to take the train; I have a car 9. He must be Mr Boulot 10. They must have enough money

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s absolutely delicious Do you have these shoes in red? Are you trying some French food later? Where are you going to have lunch? Haven’t we hired the car for two weeks? I’m going to try and arrive early Can I take that? May I have a room for tonight, please? Pierre is here I’m not going at eight o’clock; I’m going at half past eight

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C’est absolument délicieux As-tu / Avez-vous ces chaussures en rouge? Essayes-tu / Essayez-vous de la nourriture française plus tard? Où vas-tu / allez-vous prendre le déjeuner? N’avons-nous pas loué la voiture pour deux semaines? Je vais essayer d’arriver tôt Puis-je prendre ҫa? Puis-je avoir une chambre pour ce soir, s’il vous plaît? Pierre est ici Je ne vais pas à huit heures; je vais à huit heures et demie

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Avez-vous cela en vert? La nourriture est très bonne Puis-je essayer ҫa, s’il vous plaît? Marie n’a-t-elle pas appelé? Prenez la sortie vers St Tropez et puis allez tout droit Il est deux heures et quart Y avait-il assez d’argent dans la chambre pour la pizza? Je ne pouvais pas aller l’année dernière parce que je n’avais pas d’argent 9. J’apprends le français mais c’est assez difficile 10. C’est combien pour un mois?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Do you have that in green? The food is very good Can I try that, please? Hasn’t Marie called? Take the exit towards St Tropez and then go straight on It’s quarter past two Was there enough money in the room for the pizza? I couldn’t go last year because I had no money I’m learning French but it’s quite difficult How much is it for one month?

LESSON 74 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I want you want he / she wants we want they want I must / have to you must / have to he / she must / has to we must / have to they must / have to I don’t have to you don’t have to he / she doesn’t have to we don’t have to they don’t have to If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, here is a very useful verb, which is also an “infinitive carrier”:

pouvoir It means “can” or “to be able to” You pronounce it “poo-vwahr”

POUVOIR As we have now been witnessing with “devoir” and then “vouloir”, the infinitive carrier verbs in French tend to be extremely irregular. Well, “pouvoir” is no exception, so, here’s its present tense conjugation: PRESENT TENSE pouvoir – can / to be able to je peux – I can / I am able to tu peux – you can / you are able to il peut – he can / he is able to elle peut – she can / she is able to nous pouvons – we can / we are able to vous pouvez – you can / you are able to ils peuvent – they can / they are able to elles peuvent – they can / they are able to You can put any infinitive on the end of “pouvoir”. (FYI – the infinitive is the whole form of the verb, the one that ends in “er”, “ir” or “re”)

How would you say this in French?

I can see it.

I can see it. Je peux le voir.

How would you say this in French?

You can leave now.

You can leave now. Tu peux partir maintenant. / Vous pouvez partir maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

Marie can go too.

Marie can go too. Marie peut aller aussi.

How would you say this in French?

We can buy something for lunch at the supermarket.

We can buy something for lunch at the supermarket. Nous pouvons acheter quelque chose pour le déjeuner au supermarché.

How would you say this in French?

They can come with us, if they want.

They can come with us, if they want. Ils peuvent venir avec nous, s’ils veulent. / Elles peuvent venir avec nous, si elles veulent.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre can do that.

Pierre can do that. Pierre peut faire ҫa.

How would you say this in French?

Sophie and Marco can help me tomorrow.

Sophie and Marco can help me tomorrow. Sophie et Marco peuvent m’aider demain.

CAN’T Here’s the negative present tense conjugation of the verb “pouvoir” with its English meanings. NEGATIVE PRESENT TENSE pouvoir – to want je ne peux pas – I can’t tu ne peux pas – you can’t il ne peut pas – he can’t elle ne peut pas – she can’t nous ne pouvons pas – we can’t vous ne pouvez pas – you can’t ils ne peuvent pas – they can’t elles ne peuvent pas – they can’t

How would you say this in French?

I can’t see it.

I can’t see it. Je ne peux pas le voir.

How would you say this in French?

You can’t leave until tonight.

You can’t leave until tonight. Tu ne peux pas partir jusqu’à ce soir. / Vous ne pouvez pas partir jusqu’à ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

Marie can’t come with us; the car is too small.

Marie can’t come with us; the car is too small. Marie ne peut pas venir avec nous; la voiture est trop petite.

How would you say this in French?

We can’t buy that; it’s much too expensive.

We can’t buy that; it’s much too expensive. Nous ne pouvons pas acheter ҫa; c’est beaucoup trop cher.

How would you say this in French?

They can’t see it.

They can’t see it. Ils ne peuvent pas le voir. / Elles ne peuvent pas le voir.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre can’t do it but I can try to help.

Pierre can’t do it but I can try to help. Pierre ne peut pas le faire mais je peux essayer d’aider.

How would you say this in French?

Sophie can’t find the passports.

Sophie can’t find the passports. Sophie ne peut pas trouver les passeports.

How would you say this in French?

He can’t come tomorrow.

He can’t come tomorrow. Il ne peut pas venir demain.

CAN YOU? You can easily form questions with “pouvoir” in the same way as we usually do; you just invert the verb with the subject pronoun. The only strange thing to remember is something that we have already seen. Remember that “je peux” becomes “puis-je” when you invert it instead of “peux-je”. QUESTIONS IN THE PRESENT TENSE pouvoir – to want puis-je? – can I? peux-tu ? – can you? peut-il? – can he? peut-elle? – can she? pouvons-nous? – can we? pouvez-vous? – can you? peuvent-ils? – can they? peuvent-elles? – can they?

How would you say this in French?

Can I leave now?

Can I leave now? Puis-je partir maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Can I see it, please?

Can I see it, please? Puis-je le voir, s’il vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

Can you find the key?

Can you find the key? Peux-tu trouver la clé? / Pouvez-vous trouver la clé?

How would you say this in French?

Can Marie come with us to Paris?

Can Marie come with us to Paris? Marie peut-elle venir avec nous à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Can we buy it?

Can we buy it? Pouvons-nous l’acheter?

How would you say this in French?

Can they help me?

Can they help me? Peuvent-ils m’aider? / Peuvent-elles m’aider?

How would you say this in French?

Can Pierre do it?

Can Pierre do it? Pierre peut-il le faire?

How would you say this in French?

Can Sophie find the passports?

Can Sophie find the passports? Sophie peut-elle trouver les passeports?

How would you say this in French?

Can he come tomorrow?

Can he come tomorrow? Peut-il venir demain?

How would you say this in French?

When can they come?

When can they come? Quand peuvent-ils venir? / Quand peuvent-elles venir?

CAN’T I? We can take the question form of the verb “pouvoir” and make it negative by putting “ne” in front and “pas” after each phrase: NEGATIVE QUESTIONS IN THE PRESENT TENSE pouvoir – to want ne puis-je pas? – can’t I? ne peux-tu pas? – can’t you? ne peut-il pas? – can’t he? ne peut-elle pas? – can’t she? ne pouvons-nous pas? – can’t we? ne pouvez-vous pas? – can’t you? ne peuvent-ils pas? – can’t they? ne peuvent-elles pas? – can’t they?

How would you say this in French?

Can’t you see me?

Can’t you see me? Ne peux-tu pas me voir? / Ne pouvez-vous pas me voir?

How would you say this in French?

Why can’t they come tomorrow?

When can’t they come tomorrow? Pourquoi ne peuvent-ils pas venir demain? / Pourquoi ne peuvent-elles pas venir demain?

How would you say this in French?

Can’t you go to France without me?

Can’t you go to France without me? Ne peux-tu pas aller en France sans moi? / Ne pouvez-vous pas aller en France sans moi?

Now, here is a very useful verb, which is also an “infinitive carrier”:

savoir It means “(to) know (how to)” You pronounce it “sah-vwahr”

SAVOIR We’ve seen one form of the verb “savoir” when we learnt the phrase “je sais”, which meant “I know” or “I know how to”. You use “savoir” when you want to say that you “know how” to do something. You just use the word “savoir”, and you don’t need to put the French word for “how” with it like you do in English. Also, one thing that you need to remember is that if you want to say something like “I can speak French” or “I can play the piano”, in French, you use “savoir”. In effect, you’re saying, “I know how to speak French” or “I know how to play the piano”. This happens whenever you’re talking about an ability to do something – in English, you use “can”, whereas in French, you use “know” (savoir).

je sais parler anglais I can speak English (I know how to speak English)

If you said, “je peux parler anglais”, what that means is “I can speak English”, in the sense of “I’m allowed to speak English.

Just like all the other verbs we’ve been learning recently, the verb “savoir” is very irregular in the present tense, too. PRESENT TENSE savoir – to know (how to) je sais – I know (how to) tu sais – you know (how to) il sait – he knows (how to) elle sait – she knows (how to) nous savons – we know (how to) vous savez – you know (how to) ils savent – they know (how to) elles savent – they know (how to) You can put any infinitive on the end of “savoir” to say what you know how to do it. Or, you can just use it by itself to say that you know something.

How would you say this in French?

I know where the restaurant is.

I know where the restaurant is. Je sais où est le restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I can speak Spanish.

I can speak Spanish. Je sais parler espagnol.

How would you say this in French?

Marie can speak English.

Marie can speak English. Marie sait parler anglais.

How would you say this in French?

We know when the film starts.

We know when the film starts. Nous savons quand le film commence.

How would you say this in French?

They know who I am.

They know who I am. Ils savent qui je suis. / Elles savent qui je suis.

You make this verb negative in the same way as any other verb; you just put “ne” in front and “pas” after the verb. So, how would you say this?

I don’t know where the restaurant is.

I don’t know where the restaurant is. Je ne sais pas où est le restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

We can’t speak English.

We can’t speak English. Nous ne savons pas parler anglais.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know.

I don’t know. Je ne sais pas.

SAVOIR You can treat “savoir” like any other verb in French. You can just invert the verb with the pronoun to make it into a question. QUESTIONS IN THE PRESENT TENSE savoir – to know (how to) sais-je – do I know (how to) sais-tu – do you know (how to) sait-il – does he know (how to) sait-elle – does she know (how to) savons-nous – do we know (how to) savez-vous – do you know (how to) savent-ils – do they know (how to) savent-elles – do they know (how to)

How would you say this in French?

Can you speak English?

Can you speak English? Sais-tu parler anglais? / Savez-vous parler anglais?

How would you say this in French?

How do you know?

How do you know? Comment sais-tu? / Comment savez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Does Pierre know how to speak English?

Does Pierre know how to speak English? Pierre sait-il parler anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Can’t Marie speak English?

Can’t Marie speak English? Marie ne sait-elle pas parler anglais?

How would you say this in French?

How do I know if it’s ready?

How do I know if it’s ready? Comment sais-je si c’est prêt?

How would you say this in French?

Don’t they know who I am?

Don’t they know who I am? Savent-ils qui je suis? / Savent-elles qui je suis?

How would you say this in French?

Does she know how much?

Does she know how much? Sait-elle combien?

WORD LIST SO FAR POUVOIR – CAN / TO BE ABLE TO je peux – I can / I’m able to tu peux – you can / you’re able to il peut – he can / he’s able to elle peut – she can / she’s able to nous pouvons – we can / we’re able to vous pouvez – you can / you’re able to ils peuvent – they can / they’re able to elles peuvent – they can / they’re able to puis-je – can I / am I able to peux-tu – can you / are you able to peut-il – can he / is he able to peut-elle – can she / is she able to pouvons-nous – can we / are we able to pouvez-vous – can you / are you able to peuvent-ils – can theys / are they able to peuvent-elles – can they / are they able to SAVOIR – TO KNOW (HOW TO) je sais – I know (how to) tu sais – you know (how to) il sait – he knows (how to) elle sait – she knows (how to) nous savons – we know (how to) vous savez – you know (how to) ils savent – they know (how to) elles savent – they know (how to) sais-je – do I know (how to) sais-tu – do you know (how to) sait-il – does he know (how to) sait-elle – does she know (how to) savons-nous – do we know (how to) savez-vous – do you know (how to)

savent-ils – do they know (how to) savent-elles – do they know (how to)

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Can they make a cake? Where can he go tomorrow? Do you know how to order the wine in French? They don’t know where we are I don’t know how to do it; can you help me? Do you know who he is? Don’t they know who I am? We can’t take the train because it left five minutes ago They can’t come with us; the car is too small Does he know how to speak German?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Peuvent-ils / Peuvent-elles faire un gâteau? Où peut-il aller demain? Sais-tu / Savez-vous commander le vin en français? Ils / Elles ne savent pas où nous sommes Je ne sais pas le faire; peux-tu / pouvez-vous m’aider? Sais-tu / Savez-vous qui il est? Ne savent-ils pas / Ne savent-elles pas qui je suis? Nous ne pouvons pas prendre le train parce qu’il est parti il y a cinq minutes 9. Ils / Elles ne peuvent pas venir avec nous; la voiture est trop petite 10. Sait-il parler allemand?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Vous ne pouvez pas aller à la piscine le lundi 2. Ils savent tout 3. Peuvent-ils aller au restaurant sans nous? Je veux rester ici ce soir 4. Puis-je montrer quelque chose à Pierre? 5. Où puis-je aller? 6. Ne savent-ils pas parler français? 7. Tout le monde ici sait parler anglais 8. Pouvons-nous aller au cinéma demain? 9. Sais-tu où est le cinéma? 10. Marie ne sait pas où sont les passeports

1. 2. 3.

You can’t go to the swimming pool on Mondays They know everything Can they go to the restaurant without us? I want to stay here tonight 4. Can I show Pierre something? 5. Where can I go? 6. Can’t they speak French? 7. Everybody here can speak English 8. Can we go to the cinema tomorrow? 9. Do you know where the cinema is? 10. Marie doesn’t know where she left the passports

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s absolutely delicious I would like some grapes Don’t you speak English? It’s ten o’clock I would like a one-way ticket for Marseille, please Didn’t you learn much today? Please, leave me alone; I don’t want to go with you today He’s at the restaurant Not for me, thank you How long have you been living here?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

C’est absolument délicieux Je voudrais des raisins Ne parles-tu pas anglais? / Ne parlez-vous pas anglais? Il est dix heures Je voudrais un billet aller-simple pour Marseille, s’il vous plaît N’as-tu pas appris beaucoup aujourd’hui? / N’avez-vous pas appris beaucoup aujourd’hui? 7. S’il te plaît, laisse-moi tranquille; je ne veux pas aller avec toi aujourd’hui / S’il vous plaît, laissez-moi tranquille; je ne veux pas aller avec vous aujourd’hui 8. Il est au restaurant 9. Pas pour moi, merci 10. Depuis quand habites-tu ici? / Depuis quand habitez-vous ici?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Où as-tu resté? / Où avez-vous resté? 2. J’achète quelque chose de Marseille pour toi / pour vous 3. As-tu préparé le dîner? / Avez-vous préparé le dîner? 4. Ce n’est pas bon pour elle 5. Est-ce que c’était le mois dernier ou il y a deux mois? 6. Tournez à droite et c’est là 7. Ma voiture est terrible 8. Bonne soirée 9. Tu dépenses trop d’argent / Vous dépensez trop d’argent 10. Ce n’est pas mauvais ici

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Where did you stay? I’m buying something from Marseille for you Have you made dinner? It isn’t good for her Was it last month or two months ago? Turn right and it’s there My car is terrible Have a good evening You’re spending too much money It isn’t bad here

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons seventy-two to seventy-four of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons seventy-five to seventy-seven, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 75 – 77 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 72-74”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 75 LESSON 76 LESSON 77 Merci

LESSON 75

It’s time to introduce a new structure. This is structure 3, and it’s very similar to structure 1. In structure 3, you have all the same components that you found in structure 1. This time, however, the infinitive carriers are all in the past tense. The past tense for infinitive carriers is a different sort of past tense to the one we’ve been learning for normal verbs. Carry on reading to find out more…

Structure 3 This third structure is very easy to grasp now that you already have the first structure. It consists of the same three parts (question word, infinitive carrier and infinitive), but the infinitive carrier is in the past. Here is an example of it in use:

Que vouliez-vous manger? What did you want to eat?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its three components and given each component a name:

Que 2vouliez-vous 3manger? 1What 2did you want 3to eat?

1

VOULIEZVOUS

2

QUE

1

PAST

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE

WHAT

CARRIER

DID YOU WANT

MANGER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Vouliez-vous So, “vouliez-vous" means "did you want”, but where does it come from? Let’s take the verb “vouloir”, which is where “vouliez-vous” comes from. I’ll conjugate it below in the past for you.

Vouloir – to want je voulais – I wanted tu voulais – you wanted il/elle voulait – he/she wanted nous voulions – we wanted vous vouliez – you wanted ils voulaient – they wanted So, above is the verb “vouloir” in the past tense. It’s quite different to how we’ve been learning the past tense so far, but all the infinitive carriers have their own way of forming themselves in the past. There’s no auxiliary verb and there’s also no past participle.

If you look at the last letters of the verb in the past tense, you’ll soon notice that they’re the same endings for all the infinitive carriers in the past tense. The endings are: -ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient

Let’s look at another infinitive carrier verb so that you can see the endings are the same in the past as “vouloir”:

Devoir – to have to je devais – I had to tu devais – you had to il/elle devait – he/she had to nous devions – we had to vous deviez – you had to ils devaient – they had to There are those letters again: -ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient

Let’s see if you can translate some of these structure 3 questions. All you have to do to convert the verbs into questions is invert them.

Where did you have to go?

Where did you have to go? Où devais-tu aller? / Où deviez-vous aller?

How would you say this in French?

What did you have to do?

What did you have to do? Que devais-tu faire? / Que deviez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

How did you want to pay?

How did you want to pay? Comment voulais-tu payer? Comment vouliez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Did you have to see Pierre?

Did you have to see Pierre? Devais-tu voir Pierre? / Deviez-vous voir Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What did you have to do yesterday?

What did you have to do yesterday? Que devais-tu faire hier? / Que deviez-vous faire hier?

How would you say this in French?

What did you want to do yesterday?

What did you want to do yesterday? Que voulais-tu faire hier? / Que vouliez-vous faire hier?

How would you say this in French?

What time did you have to leave?

What time did you have to leave? À quelle heure devais-tu partir? / À quelle heure deviez-vous partir hier?

How would you say this in French?

How did he want to pay?

How did he want to pay? Comment voulait-il payer?

How would you say this in French?

Where did they have to go?

Where did they have to go? Où devaient-ils aller?

How would you say this in French?

What did we have to do?

What did we have to do? Que devions-nous faire?

How would you say this in French?

Why did you have to see Pierre?

Why did you have to see Pierre? Pourquoi devais-tu voir Pierre? / Pourquoi deviez-vous voir Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What did she have to do yesterday?

What did she have to do yesterday? Que devait-elle faire hier?

How would you say this in French?

What did they want to do yesterday?

What did they want to do yesterday? Que voulaient-ils faire hier?

How would you say this in French?

What time did you have to leave?

What time did they have to leave? À quelle heure devaient-ils partir?

So, just to recap, so far we’ve seen two full infinitive carriers in the past tense: Past tense question conjugation of VOULOIR voulais-je – did I want voulais-tu – did you want voulait-il/elle – did he/she want voulions-nous – did we want vouliez-vous – did you want voulaient-ils – did they want Past tense question conjugation of DEVOIR devais-je – did I have to devais-tu – did you have to devait-il/elle – did he/she have to devions-nous – did we have to deviez-vous – did you have to devaient-ils – did they have to

Pouvoir So, when you want to put infinitive carriers in the past tense, you have these endings: -ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient All you really need to do is learn the “je” form for each verb and then you just remove the “ais” and add the appropriate endings for the other forms. For example, if I told you that “je pouvais” means “I could”, you can just remove the “ais”, and you’re left with “pouv”. Now, all you have to do is add the different endings to get the full conjugation. See if you can do that now before turning over and seeing the answers.

The verb “pouvoir” means “to be able to” or “can”, and here it is in the past tense:

Pouvoir – to be able to / can je pouvais – I could / I was able to tu pouvais – you could / you were able to il/elle pouvait – he/she could / he/she was able to nous pouvions – we could / we were able to vous pouviez – you could / you were able to ils pouvaient – they could / they were able to And then, all you have to do is invert it to make it into a question:

Pouvoir – to be able to / can pouvais-je – could I / was I able to pouvais-tu – could you / were you able to pouvait-il/elle – could he/she / was he/she able to pouvions-nous – could we / were we able to pouviez-vous – could you / were you able to pouvaient-ils – could they / were they able to

How would you say this in French?

I could see Pierre.

I could see Pierre. Je pouvais voir Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

What could you see there?

What could you see there? Que pouvais-tu voir là? / Que pouviez-vous voir là?

How would you say this in French?

Could they help?

Could they help? Pouvaient-ils aider?

How would you say this in French?

What could he do?

What could he do? Que pouvait-il faire?

You can make any infinitive carrier negative in the same way as you make any other verb negative. You simply put “ne” in front of the verb, and “pas” after it. So, how would you say this in French?

I couldn’t see Pierre.

I couldn’t see Pierre. Je ne pouvais pas voir Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

Why couldn’t you stay here?

Why couldn’t you stay here? Pourquoi ne pouvais-tu pas rester ici? / Pourquoi ne pouviez-vous pas rester ici?

How would you say this in French?

Couldn’t they help?

Couldn’t they help? Ne pouvaient-ils pas aider?

How would you say this in French?

What could you do in Paris?

What could you do in Paris? Que pouvais-tu faire à Paris? / Que pouviez-vous faire à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Why couldn’t he buy it?

What couldn’t he buy it? Pourquoi ne pouvait-il pas l’acheter?

Aller We’ve now had the infinitive carriers “vouloir”, “devoir” and “pouvoir” in the past tense and they all had this set of endings: -ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient Let’s add a new verb, “aller”

The verb “aller” means “to go”, and it’s actually a very useful verb as an infinitive carrier in the past tense, because you can use it to say what you “were going” to do:

Aller – to go j'allais– I was going tu allais – you were going il/elle allait – he/she was going nous allions – we were going vous alliez – you were going ils allaient – they were going And again, all we have to do to turn it into a question is to invert it:

Aller – to go allais-je – was I going allais-tu – were you going allait-il/elle – was he/she going allions-nous – were we going alliez-vous – were you going allaient-ils – were they going

How would you say this in French?

What was she going to do?

What was she going to do? Qu’allait-elle faire?

How would you say this in French?

Whom was he going to call?

Whom was he going to call? Qui allait-il appeler?

How would you say this in French?

They were going to stay here.

They were going to stay here. Ils allaient rester ici.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to speak.

I was going to speak. J’allais parler.

How would you say this in French?

Were you going to say something?

Were you going to say something? Allais-tu dire quelque chose? / Alliez-vous dire quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

What were you going to buy?

What were you going to buy? Qu’allais-tu acheter? / Qu’alliez-vous acheter?

How would you say this in French?

We were going to show you the car.

We were going to show you the car. Nous allions te montrer la voiture. / Nous allions vous montrer la voiture.

Infinitive carriers in the past tense That’s four infinitive carriers in the past tense. And they all have these endings: -ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient Past tense question conjugation of VOULOIR voulais-je – did I want voulais-tu – did you want voulait-il/elle – did he/she want voulions-nous – did we want vouliez-vous – did you want voulaient-ils – did they want Past tense question conjugation of DEVOIR devais-je – did I have to devais-tu – did you have to devait-il/elle – did he/she have to devions-nous – did we have to deviez-vous – did you have to devaient-ils – did they have to Past tense question conjugation of POUVOIR pouvais-je – could I pouvais-tu – could you pouvait-il/elle – could he/she pouvions-nous – could we pouviez-vous – could you

pouvaient-ils – could they Past tense question conjugation of ALLER allais-je – was I going allais-tu – were you going allait-il/elle – was he/she going allions-nous – were we going alliez-vous – were you going allaient-ils – were they going

All you have to do is take one of the infinitive carriers in the past tense, put a question word in front of it and chuck a verb on the end, and you have structure 3:

Que 2vouliez-vous 3manger? 1What 2did you want 3to eat?

1

VOULIEZVOUS

2

QUE

1

PAST

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE

WHAT

CARRIER

DID YOU WANT

MANGER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Here are some more words you can use to slot into each part of structure 3 to make some more sentences: QUESTION WORDS que – what comment – how quel – which / which one pourquoi – why combien – how much / how many combien de temps – how long / how much time où – where quand – when qui – who à quelle heure – what time PAST TENSE INFINITIVE CARRIERS devais-je – did I have to devais-tu – did you have to devait-il – did he have to devait-elle – did she have to devions-nous – did we have to deviez-vous – did you have to devaient-ils – did they have to pouvais-je – could I pouvais-tu – could you pouvait-il – could he pouvait-elle – could she pouvions-nous – could we pouviez-vous – could you pouvaient-ils – could they voulais-je – did I want voulais-tu – did you want voulait-il – did he want voulait-elle – did she want voulions-nous – did we want vouliez-vous – did you want voulaient-ils – did they want

allais-je – was I going to allais-tu – were you going to allait-il – was he going to allait-elle – was she going to allions-nous – were we going to alliez-vous – were you going to allaient-ils – were they going to *just remember that all of these infinitive carriers can be used in questions and non-questions, just by flipping around the subject pronoun with the verb devais-je – did I have to je devais – I had to INFINITIVES manger – (to) eat boire – (to) drink commander – (to) order essayer – (to) try payer – (to) pay faire – (to) do / (to) make louer – (to) hire aller – (to) go prendre – (to) take avoir – (to) have changer – (to) change acheter – (to) buy commencer – (to) start être – (to) be sortir – (to) go out partir – (to) leave apporter – (to) bring dépenser – (to) spend (money) passer – (to) spend (time) voir – (to) see appeler – (to) call rester – (to) stay

trouver – (to) find

How would you say this in French?

Why did you want to leave?

Why did you want to leave? Pourquoi voulais-tu partir? / Pourquoi vouliez-vous partir?

How would you say this in French?

Whom were you going to see?

Whom were you going to see? Qui allais-tu voir? / Qui alliez-vous voir?

How would you say this in French?

What could I bring?

What could I bring? Que pouvais-je apporter?

How would you say this in French?

Where were you going to stay tonight?

Where were you going to stay tonight? Où allais-tu rester ce soir? / Où alliez-vous rester ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Whom could I call?

Whom could I call? Qui pouvais-je appeler?

How would you say this in French?

He wanted to leave yesterday.

He wanted to leave yesterday. Il voulait partir hier.

How would you say this in French?

I had to call Pierre.

I had to call Pierre. Je devais appeler Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to buy it.

I was going to buy it. J’allais l’acheter.

How would you say this in French?

They were going to come with us.

They were going to come with us. Ils allaient venir avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

We wanted to see it.

We wanted to see it. Nous voulions le voir.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

I wanted to go to the beach today Why did you have to leave at four o'clock in the morning? How much did they have to pay? Which one was he going to try? Whom did she have to call? We wanted to go with you yesterday I had to change the reservation because Pierre couldn't come at five o'clock 8. What time were they going to arrive at the hotel? 9. Where did you have to stay last week? 10. She was going to say something important

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Je voulais aller à la plage aujourd’hui Pourquoi devais-tu / deviez-vous partir à quatre heures le matin? Combien devaient-ils payer? Quel allait-il essayer? Qui devait-elle appeler? Il voulait aller avec toi / avec vous hier Je devais changer la réservation parce que Pierre ne pouvait pas venir à dix-sept heures 8. À quelle heure allaient-ils arriver à l’hôtel? 9. Où devais-tu / deviez-vous rester la semaine dernière? 10. Elle allait dire quelque chose d’important

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ils devaient partir tôt 2. Combien de temps devais-tu passer à Londres? 3. Combien de temps devais-tu attendre? 4. Pourquoi voulait-il apporter cela avec lui? 5. Elle ne pouvait pas me voir 6. Que devaient-ils faire? 7. Pouviez-vous me comprendre quand j’ai parlé en français? 8. Que devait-elle acheter au supermarché? 9. Nous allions dire à Marie d’apporter de la nourriture 10. Je n’allais pas apporter d’argent avec moi

1. They had to leave early 2. How much time did you have to spend in London? 3. How long did you have to wait? 4. Why did he want to bring that with him? 5. She couldn't see me 6. What did they have to do? 7. Could you understand me when I spoke in French? 8. What did she have to buy at the supermarket? 9. We were going to tell Marie to bring some food 10. I wasn't going to bring any money with me

1. What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. It isn't very good here 2. Are you going to order a tea? 3. It's at seven o'clock 4. Do you have any cheese? 5. What time is dinner? 6. Turn left before the traffic lights 7. The lunch is absolutely fantastic here 8. I'm going to have lunch later 9. I would like a coffee 10. I'm going abroad with my friends

1. Ce n’est pas très bon ici 2. Vas-tu / Allez-vous commander un thé? 3. C’est à sept heures 4. As-tu / Avez-vous du fromage? 5. À quelle heure est le dîner? 6. Tournez à gauche avant les feux 7. Le déjeuner est absolument fantastique ici 8. Je vais prendre le déjeuner plus tard 9. Je voudrais un café 10. Je vais à l’étranger avec mes amis

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. À quelle heure est le bus pour le centre-ville? 2. Je voudrais un sac 3. Je vais prendre le dîner ici 4. Où est le forêt? 5. Prenez la troisième rue à gauche et puis la première rue à droite 6. Tu fais tout très difficile pour moi 7. Puis-je avoir ҫa en bleu? 8. As-tu apporté les passeports avec toi? 9. Aimez-vous aller en vacances à l’étranger? 10. Je ne vais pas prendre un taxi

1. What time is the bus for the town centre? 2. I would like a bag 3. I'm going to have dinner here 4. Where is the forest? 5. Take the third road on the left and then the first road on the right 6. You're making everything very difficult for me 7. May I have that in blue? 8. Did you bring the passports with you? 9. Do you like going on holiday abroad? 10. I'm not going to take a taxi

LESSON 76 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I wanted I could I had to I was going to did you want? could you? did you have to? were you going to? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here is a very common word in French that we haven’t learned yet:

on You pronounce it “on(g)”

On You’ll notice that I didn’t put a meaning at the bottom of the word on the previous page. That’s because “on” has a few meanings in French. The French word “on” literally means “one”, as in the way the Queen use it. “One must go to the toilet” – not as in the number 1. It is used a lot in French. Even though “one” might sound quite posh in English, the word “on” is used all the time in everyday conversations in French. “On” takes the same conjugation as “il”, “elle” and “Pierre”. So, basically, it uses the third person singular conjugation: on est ici demain one is here tomorrow on parle anglais one speaks English

Another way the French use the word “on” is as a replacement for “we”. In modern French, it’s very common for people to use “on” instead of “nous”. In fact, in everyday conversations, you’ll probably hear “on” more than you hear “nous”. on est franҫais we are French on habite à Paris, en France we live in Paris, in France on voit notre famille tous les jours we see our family every day on part demain we’re leaving tomorrow When we use “on” to mean “we”, we have to make sure that we make any adjectives agree. So, the adjective will be plural, or maybe even feminine plural. on est américains we are American on est américaines (feminine plural) we are American If you’re using "on" to mean “one”, then it won’t be plural. quand on est fatigué, on doit dormir when one is tired, one must sleep So, the word “on” can mean “one” and can also be used to mean “we”. There are two more things it can mean.

Can you smoke here?

In the question “Can you smoke here?”, you’re not literally asking, “Can YOU smoke here?”; you’re asking if people are allowed to smoke here. We do this a lot in English. We say “you” when referring to everybody. What can you do in France? Are you allowed to eat inside? How do you do this? All of those sentences aren’t referring to YOU; they’re referring to everybody. Well, in this situation, in French, you would use the word “on”.

When you’re talking about “you” in general (meaning everybody), then you can use “on”. Peut-on fumer ici? Can you smoke here? Que peut-on faire en France? What can you do in France? Peut-on manger dedans? Are you allowed to eat inside? Comment fait-on ceci? How do you do this? Que doit-on faire? What do you have to do? Comment dit-on ceci en français? How do you say this in French? So, the little word “on” can mean “one”, “we” and now “you” or “people in general”. There’s one more thing that it can mean. The final meaning is more of a couple of expressions that use “on” rather than a specific rule.

There are two phrases that you can memorise that incorporate “on”. on m’a dit que*… I was told that… (literally: one told me that…) *we haven’t really seen the word “que” used in this way yet, but we shall look at it in a later lesson

on dit que… it is said that… (literally: one says that…) For example: on m’a dit que Pierre était mort I was told that Pierre was dead on m’a dit que tout est très cher là I was told that everything is very expensive there on dit que les Anglais ne savent pas manger it is said that the English don’t know how to eat That’s a lot to take in, I know, but for now, as long as you recognise what it means whenever you hear or see a sentence using “on”, it’s going to be very beneficial.

Comment dit-on…? The phrase "Comment dit-on… ?" is a useful phrase that uses “on”. Literally, it means “How does one say…?” and you can use it to ask how to say things in different languages. Comment dit-on ҫa en anglais? How do you say that in English? Comment dit-on “hello” en français? How do you say “hello” in French?

How would you say this in French?

Where can one smoke?

Where can one smoke? Où peut-on fumer?

How would you say this in French?

What can you buy here?

What can you buy here? Que peut-on acheter ici?

How would you say this in French?

Where can we hire a car?

Where can we hire a car? Où peut-on louer une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you have to go?

Where do you have to go? Où doit-on aller?

How would you say this in French?

I’ve been told that the food here is fantastic.

I’ve been told that the food here is fantastic. On m’a dit que la nourriture ici est fantastique.

How would you say this in French?

Where do you have to pay?

Where do you have to pay? Où doit-on payer?

How would you say this in French?

It is said that Aix-en-Provence is a more beautiful city than Paris.

It is said that Aix-en-Provence is a more beautiful city than Paris. On dit qu’Aix-en-Provence est une ville plus belle que Paris.

How would you say this in French?

We don’t live here; we live in Paris.

We don’t live here; we live in Paris. On n’habite pas ici; on habite à Paris.

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

elles It means “they” and it’s in the feminine plural You pronounce it “ell”

ELLES The French word “elles” means “they” when you’re referring to an allfeminine group of either people or things. elles sont ici they are here The statement above could be referring to a group of women or it could be talking about a group of any feminine nouns. For example, you could be referring to “les voitures” meaning “the cars”. Où sont les voitures? – Where are the cars? Elles sont ici – They are here

How would you say this in French in the feminine plural?

They are going to France.

They are going to France. Elles vont en France.

How would you say this in French?

When do they want to leave?

When do they want to leave? Quand veulent-elles partir?

How would you say this in French?

Do they want to come, too?

Do they want to come, too? Veulent-elles venir, aussi?

How would you say this in French?

Where are they going?

Where are they going? Où vont-elles?

How would you say this in French?

They told me to leave without them.

They told me to leave without them. Elles m’ont dit de partir sans elles.

WORD LIST SO FAR on – one / we / you / “people in general” on m’a dit que – I’ve been told that (one has told me) on dit que – it is said that elles – they (feminine)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Where can one smoke? I’ve been told that the wine is very expensive here They (Sophie and Marie) are lost What can you do in Paris? Marie and Sophie are there, where are they going? We (using “on”) live in Paris We (using “on”) are English but we don’t live in England Marie and Sophie are here now, do they want to come with us to the supermarket? 9. How do you say that in French? 10. What do you have to do here?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Où peut-on fumer? On m’a dit que le vin est très cher ici Elles sont perdues Que peut-on faire à Paris? Marie et Sophie sont là, où vont-elles? On habite à Paris On est anglais mais on n’habite pas en Angleterre Marie et Sophie sont ici maintenant, veulent-elles venir avec nous au supermarché? 9. Comment dit-on ҫa en français? 10. Que doit-on faire ici?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Elles sont parties il y a une heure On m’a dit que tout est prêt On ne m’a pas dit qu’on peut attendre ici On dit que les rues sont très belles ici Où sont-elles? Qui doit-on appeler? Quand veulent-elles manger? Comment peut-on payer? Que doit-on faire? Pourquoi ne peut-on pas fumer ici?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

They left an hour ago I’ve been told that everything is ready I haven’t been told that we can wait here It is said that the streets are very beautiful here Where are they? Whom do we have to call? When do they want to eat? How can you pay? What do you have to do? Why can’t you smoke here?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

The chicken is perfect He left five minutes ago I would like a bit more, please It's thirty kilometres from the hotel I’m going to pay the bill now We're going to the cinema tonight and then we're eating at the restaurant next to the hotel 7. I’m going to change the reservation; I’m too tired now 8. I would like to hire a car for one week, how much it is it? 9. Excuse me, I would like the bill, please 10. What did you say to Pierre?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Le poulet est parfait Il est parti il y a cinq minutes Je voudrais un peu plus, s’il vous plaît / s’il te plaît C’est à trente kilomètres de l’hôtel Je vais payer l’addition maintenant Nous allons au cinéma ce soir et puis nous mangeons au restaurant à côté de l’hôtel / On va au cinéma ce soir et puis on mange au restaurant à côté de l’hôtel 7. Je vais changer la réservation; je suis trop fatigué maintenant 8. Je voudrais louer une voiture pour une semaine; c’est combien? 9. Excusez-moi, je voudrais l’addition, s’il vous plaît 10. Qu’as-tu dit à Pierre? / Qu’avez-vous dit à Pierre?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. La dinde est délicieuse 2. Je voudrais le canard 3. Je ne vais pas à l’hôtel 4. Je voudrais une chambre avec une douche 5. Chez Marine 6. Je voudrais aller à quatre heures 7. Je vais commander le poulet 8. Pierre a-t-il compris l’anglais? 9. Je voudrais le petit-déjeuner à neuf heures 10. Avez-vous ce manteau en noir?

1. The turkey is delicious 2. I would like the duck 3. I'm not going to the hotel 4. I would like a room with a shower 5. At Marine’s house 6. I would like to go at four o’clock 7. I'm going to order the chicken 8. Did Pierre understand the English? 9. I would like breakfast at nine o'clock 10. Do you have this coat in black?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. they (feminine) 2. one / we / you 3. I know (how to) 4. I want 5. I must / I have to 6. can I? / am I able to? 7. I don't have to 8. I can / I'm able to 9. it is said that 10. do I know (how to)? 11. I've been told that

12. elles 13. on 14. je sais 15. je veux 16. je dois 17. puis-je? 18. je n'ai pas à 19. je peux 20. on dit que 21. sais-je? 22. on m'a dit que

LESSON 77 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? one / you / we / people in general they (feminine) I’ve been told that… it is said that… If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

It’s time to introduce a new structure! Woohoo! In this lesson, I’m going to introduce you to the fourth French structure. In structure 4, there are three parts (just like most of the structures): a question word, an inverted auxiliary verb and a past participle.

STRUCTURE 4 Structure four uses the past tense to form questions and statements. This fourth structure is probably my favourite structure in French (I think I’ve said that before – but this one really is). You’ve already seen this structure, but I didn’t mention that fact at the time. It consists of three small parts (question word, inverted auxiliary and past participle) and here is an example of it in use:

Qu’avez-vous mangé? What have you eaten?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its core components and given each component a name (just like I’ve done for all the structures so far):

Que* 2avez-vous 3mangé? 1What 2have you 3eaten?

1

QUE*

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

AVEZVOUS

2

INVERTED AUXILIARY

HAVE YOU

MANGÉ

3

PAST PARTICIPLE

EATEN

*The "Que" should really be Qu’ when it’s in front of a vowel. I left it as “Que” just to show you the parts of the structure. So, “Qu’avez-vous mangé?” is the correct way to say “What have you eaten?”

So, what we can now do with this fourth structure is start to build questions using the three parts (question word – inverted auxiliary verb – past participle) Have a go and try to write down as many questions as you can think of using the past tense. Here are a few to get you started: Où avez-vous mangé? Where did you eat? Qu’a-t-il fait? What did he do? Où es-tu* allé? (*a verb of movement) Where did you go? Qu’as-tu bu? What did you drink? Pourquoi as-tu parlé anglais? Why did you speak English? By doing this, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together. Remember that the auxiliary verb could either be avoir or être depending on which verb you use (if it’s one of those 16 verbs of movement, être it is!)

How would you say this in French?

Where did they go?

Where did they go? Où sont-ils allés? / Où sont-elles allées?

How would you say this in French?

When did you pay the bill?

When did you pay the bill? Quand as-tu payé l’addition? / Quand avez-vous payé l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Where did you go out?

Where did you go out? Où es-tu sorti? / Où êtes-vous sorti?

How would you say this in French?

What did you order?

What did you order? Qu’as-tu commandé? / Qu’avez-vous commandé?

INVERTED AUXILIARY VERB The auxiliary verb is made up of a pronoun plus some form of either “avoir” or “être”. For example:

TU AS YOU HAVE (PRONOUN + VERB)

ILS ONT THEY HAVE (PRONOUN + VERB) If you swap these two elements around (invert them), you have to put a hyphen in the middle. This makes them into a question.

AS-TU HAVE YOU ONT-ILS HAVE THEY

Then all you do is put a past participle on the end and you’ve got yourself a question: As-tu mangé? Have you eaten? Ont-ils fini? Have they finished? The question word, as always, is an optional extra that you can use to change the meaning of the question: As-tu mangé? Have you eaten? Qu’as-tu mangé? What have you eaten?

How would you say this in French?

Where have you eaten?

Where have you eaten? Où as-tu mangé? / Où avez-vous mangé?

How would you say this in French?

What has he ordered?

What has he ordered? Qu’a-t-il commandé?

How would you say this in French?

Which one have they tried?

Which one have they tried? Quel ont-ils essayé?

How would you say this in French?

How have you paid?

How have you paid? Comment avez-vous payé?

How would you say this in French?

What have they done?

What have they done? Qu’ont-ils fait?

How would you say this in French?

Whom have you seen?

Whom have you seen? Qui avez-vous vu?

How would you say this in French?

How much have we spent today?

How much have we spent today? Combien avons-nous dépensé aujourd’hui?

DID YOU vs. HAVE YOU Just like always, English has two ways of saying the same thing, which can sometimes get a little confusing. When you’re asking a question using structure 4 in English, there are two ways to say it:

What have you eaten? What did you eat? In French, these are both the same:

Qu’avez-vous mangé? This is because the “did” question word doesn’t exist in French (just like the “do” question word from structure 2 didn’t exist either). So, whenever you want to say “did you eat” or “did he eat” or “did they eat” etc, just use the past tense for “eat” in French (mangé) and then ignore the word “did” completely:

Avez-vous mangé? Did you eat?

Because of this, every sentence made using structure 4 has two translations in English.

Qu’avez-vous mangé? What did you eat? / What have you eaten? Here are a few more examples of this:

Comment avez-vous payé? How have you paid? / How did you pay? Qu’a-t-il fait? What has he done? / What did he do? Où sont-ils allés? Where have they gone? / Where did they go?

How would you say this in French?

Where did you eat?

Where did you eat? Où as-tu mangé? / Où avez-vous mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Where did she eat?

Where did she eat? Où a-t-elle mangé?

How would you say this in French?

When did he finish?

When did he finish? Quand a-t-il fini?

How would you say this in French?

When did they finish?

When did they finish? Quand ont-ils fini? / Quand ont-elles fini?

How would you say this in French?

When did we arrive?

When did we arrive? Quand sommes-nous arrivés? / Quand est-on arrivés?

How would you say this in French?

When did Marie arrive?

When did Marie arrive? Quand Marie est-elle arrivée?

How would you say this in French?

Why did you say that?

Why did you say that? Pourquoi as-tu dit cela? / Pourquoi avez-vous dit cela?

How would you say this in French?

What have you said?

What have you said? Qu’as-tu dit? / Qu’avez-vous dit?

How would you say this in French?

What did they do?

What did they do? Qu’ont-ils fait?

How would you say this in French?

What have they done?

What have they done? Qu’ont-ils fait?

So, here’s a recap of structure 4

Qu’ 2avez-vous 3mangé? 1What 2have you 3eaten?

1

AVEZVOUS

2

QU’

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

INVERTED AUXILIARY VERB

HAVE YOU

MANGÉ

3

PAST PARTICIPLE

EATEN

Here are some more words you can use to slot into each part of structure 4 to make some more sentences: QUESTION WORDS que – what comment – how quel – which / which one pourquoi – why combien – how much / how many combien de temps – how long / how much time où – where quand – when qui – who à quelle heure – what time INVERTED AUXILIARY VERB ai-je – have I as-tu – have you a-t-il – has he a-t-elle – has she a-t-on – has one avons-nous – have we avez-vous – have you ont-ils – have they ont-elles – have they FOR VERBS OF MOVEMENT, USE THESE ONES: suis-je – have I es-tu – have you est-il – has he est-elle – has she est-on – has one sommes-nous – have we êtes-vous – have you sont-ils – have they sont-elles – have they

All of the auxiliary verbs can be used as non-questions, too. Just flip the subject pronoun around with the auxiliary verb and remove the hyphen

as-tu – have you tu as – you have PAST PARTICIPLES mangé – eaten bu – drunk commandé – ordered essayé – tried payé – paid fait – done/made loué – hired allé – gone* pris – taken eu – had changé – changed acheté – bought commencé – started été – been sorti – gone out* parti – left* apporté – brought dépensé – spent (money) passé – spent (time) vu – seen appelé – called resté – stayed* trouvé – found *verb of movement

How would you say this in French?

What has he done?

What has he done? Qu’a-t-il fait?

How would you say this in French?

How have you paid the bill?

How have you paid the bill? Comment avez-vous payé l’addition? / Comment as-tu payé l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Which one has she bought?

Which one has she bought? Quel a-t-elle acheté?

How would you say this in French?

Why have we hired a car?

Why have we hired a car? Pourquoi avons-nous loué une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

How much have you eaten?

How much have you eaten? Combien avez-vous mangé? / Combien as-tu mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Where have you taken the car?

Where have you taken the car? Où avez-vous pris la voiture? / Où as-tu pris la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

What have they eaten today?

What have they eaten today? Qu’ont-ils mangé aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Which one have you seen?

Which one have you seen? Quel avez-vous vu? / Quel as-tu vu?

How would you say this in French?

What have they eaten today?

What have they eaten today? Qu’ont-ils mangé aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

What did they eat today?

What did they eat today? Qu’ont-ils mangé aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

When did he finish?

When did he finish? Quand a-t-il fini?

How would you say this in French?

What did she see?

What did she see? Qu’a-t-elle vu?

How would you say this in French?

How did we pay?

How did we pay? Comment avons-nous payé?

How would you say this in French?

How have we paid?

How have we paid? Comment avons-nous payé?

How would you say this in French?

Why did you say that?

Why did you say that? Pourquoi as-tu dit ҫa? / Pourquoi avez-vous dit ҫa?

How would you say this in French?

Why have you said that?

Why have you said that? Pourquoi as-tu dit ҫa? / Pourquoi avez-vous dit ҫa?

How would you say this in French?

What have they done?

What have they done? Qu’ont-ils fait?

How would you say this in French?

What did they do?

What did they do? Qu’ont-ils fait?

How would you say this in French?

What did they drink?

What did they drink? Qu’ont-ils bu?

How would you say this in French?

What have they drunk?

What have they drunk? Qu’ont-ils bu?

How would you say this in French?

What have you eaten?

What have you eaten? Qu’as-tu mangé? / Qu’avez-vous mangé?

How would you say this in French?

What did you eat?

What did you eat? Qu’as-tu mangé? / Qu’avez-vous mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Has he understood?

Has he understood? A-t-il compris?

How would you say this in French?

Did he understand?

Did he understand? A-t-il compris?

How would you say this in French?

What have they said?

What have they said? Qu’ont-ils dit?

How would you say this in French?

What did they say?

What did they say? Qu’ont-ils dit?

How would you say this in French?

Did he speak English?

Did he speak English? A-t-il parlé anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Has he spoken with Pierre?

Has he spoken with Pierre? A-t-il parlé avec Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Did she call yesterday?

Did she call yesterday? A-t-elle appelé hier?

How would you say this in French?

Has she called today?

Has she called today? A-t-elle appelé aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

What time did you finish?

What time did you finish? À quelle heure as-tu fini? / À quelle heure avez-vous fini?

How would you say this in French?

How much did we buy?

How much did we buy? Combien avons-nous acheté?

How would you say this in French?

How many pizzas have we ordered?

How many pizzas have we ordered? Combien de pizzas avons-nous commandé?

How would you say this in French?

How many pizzas did we order?

How many pizzas did we order? Combien de pizzas avons-nous commandé?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine did he drink?

How much wine did he drink? Combien de vin a-t-il bu?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine has he drunk?

How much wine has he drunk? Combien de vin a-t-il bu?

How would you say this in French?

What did they make?

What did they make? Qu’ont-ils fait?

How would you say this in French?

What have they made?

What have they made? Qu’ont-ils fait?

How would you say this in French?

Have you tried the wine?

Have you tried the wine? As-tu essayé le vin? / Avez-vous essayé le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Did you try the wine?

Did you try the wine? As-tu essayé le vin? / Avez-vous essayé le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Have you made a reservation?

Have you made a reservation? As-tu fait une réservation? / Avez-vous fait une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Did you make a reservation?

Did you make a reservation? As-tu fait une réservation? / Avez-vous fait une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

What did you have?

What did you have? Qu’as-tu eu? / Qu’avez-vous eu?

How would you say this in French?

What have you had?

What have you had? Qu’as-tu eu? / Qu’avez-vous eu?

How would you say this in French?

Why have you changed the reservation?

Why have you changed the reservation? Pourquoi as-tu changé la réservation? / Pourquoi avez-vous changé la réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Why did you change the reservation?

Why did you change the reservation? Pourquoi as-tu changé la réservation? / Pourquoi avez-vous changé la réservation?

How would you say this in French?

When did he call?

When did he call? Quand a-t-il appelé?

How would you say this in French?

Why has he called?

Why has he called? Pourquoi a-t-il appelé?

How would you say this in French?

What did you order for us?

What did you order for us? Qu’as-tu commandé pour nous? / Qu’avez-vous commandé pour nous?

How would you say this in French?

Has she ordered for me as well?

Has she ordered for me as well? A-t-elle commandé pour moi aussi?

How would you say this in French?

Where have you been?

Where have you been? Où as-tu été? / Où avez-vous été?

How would you say this in French?

Why did they buy that?

Why did they buy that? Pourquoi ont-ils acheté ҫa?

How would you say this in French?

What did you do here?

What did you do here? Qu’as-tu fait ici? / Qu’avez-vous fait ici?

How would you say this in French?

Which one has she bought?

Which one has she bought? Quel a-t-elle acheté?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones did you have?

Which ones did you have? Quels as-tu eu? / Quels avez-vous eu?

How would you say this in French?

Have I been stupid?

Have I been stupid? Ai-je été stupide?

How would you say this in French?

Did they see the film?

Did they see the film? Ont-ils vu le film?

How would you say this in French?

Have they seen the film?

Have they seen the film? Ont-ils vu le film?

How would you say this in French?

Have you drunk the wine?

Have you drunk the wine? As-tu bu le vin? / Avez-vous bu le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Did you drink the wine?

Did you drink the wine? As-tu bu le vin? / Avez-vous bu le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Did you speak French in France?

Did you speak French in France? As-tu parlé franҫais en France? / Avez-vous parlé franҫais en France?

How would you say this in French?

How did they find the film?

How did they find the film? Comment ont-ils trouvé le film?

How would you say this in French?

Did you find the hotel?

Did you find the hotel? As-tu trouvé l’hôtel? / Avez-vous trouvé l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

How much time did you spend in France?

How much time did you spend in France? Combien de temps as-tu passé en France? / Combien de temps avez-vous passé en France?

How would you say this in French?

When did you spend a thousand euros?

When did you spend a thousand euros? Quand as-tu dépensé mille euros? / Quand avez-vous dépensé mille euros?

How would you say this in French?

How much money did he spend?

How much money did he spend? Combien d’argent a-t-il dépensé?

How would you say this in French?

Has Pierre spoken with Marie?

Has Pierre spoken with Marie? Pierre a-t-il parlé avec Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Whom did you call?

Whom did you call? Qui as-tu appelé? / Qui avez-vous appelé?

How would you say this in French?

What did you take with you yesterday?

What did you take with you yesterday? Qu’as-tu pris avec toi hier? / Qu’avez-vous pris avec vous hier?

How would you say this in French?

What have you taken with you?

What have you taken with you? Qu’as-tu pris avec toi? / Qu’avez-vous pris avec vous?

How would you say this in French?

What did they change?

What did they change? Qu’ont-ils changé?

How would you say this in French?

Why did they make a reservation?

Why did they make a reservation? Pourquoi ont-ils fait une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Where did they eat?

Where did they eat? Où ont-ils mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Have you eaten here?

Have you eaten here? As-tu mangé ici? / Avez-vous mangé ici?

How would you say this in French?

What did he say?

What did he say? Qu’a-t-il dit?

How would you say this in French?

What film did you see?

What film did you see? Quel film as-tu vu? / Quel film avez-vous vu?

How would you say this in French?

Which one did you take?

Which one did you take? Quel as-tu pris? / Quel avez-vous pris?

How would you say this in French?

What did they bring?

What did they bring? Qu’ont-ils apporté?

How would you say this in French?

When did the film start?

When did the film start? Quand le film a-t-il commencé?

How would you say this in French?

Has the film started?

Has the film started? Le film a-t-il commencé?

How would you say this in French?

Why did you bring that to Paris?

Why did you bring that to Paris? Pourquoi as-tu apporté ҫa à Paris? / Pourquoi avez-vous apporté ҫa à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

When did she take that?

When did she take that? Quand a-t-elle pris ҫa?

How would you say this in French?

Why has she taken that?

Why has she taken that? Pourquoi a-t-elle pris ça?

How would you say this in French?

Whom did he tell?

Whom did he tell? Qui a-t-il dit?

How would you say this in French?

Whom did he see?

Whom did he see? Qui a-t-il vu?

How would you say this in French?

Whom has he told?

Whom has he told? Qui a-t-il dit?

How would you say this in French?

What did they bring?

What did they bring? Qu’ont-ils apporté?

How would you say this in French?

Did Sophie bring that?

Did Sophie bring that? Sophie a-t-elle apporté ҫa?

How would you say this in French?

What did you bring?

What did you bring? Qu’as-tu apporté? / Qu’avez-vous apporté?

How would you say this in French?

What did he eat?

What did he eat? Qu’a-t-il mangé?

How would you say this in French?

You’ve spent much too much money.

You’ve spent much too much money. Tu as dépensé beaucoup trop d’argent. / Vous avez dépensé beaucoup trop d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

What did you see?

What did you see? Qu’as-tu vu? / Qu’avez-vous vu?

How would you say this in French?

When did they call?

When did they call? Quand ont-ils appelé?

How would you say this in French?

I brought some wine for Pierre.

I brought some wine for Pierre. J’ai apporté du vin pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

Did we eat at the hotel last week?

Did we eat at the hotel last week? Avons-nous mangé à l’hôtel la semaine dernière?

How would you say this in French?

Did you call Marie at quarter past four?

Did you call Marie at quarter past four? As-tu appelé Marie à quatre heures et quart? / Avez-vous appelé Marie à quatre heures et quart?

How would you say this in French?

Did she pay the bill?

Did she pay the bill? A-t-elle payé l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

How did you find the film?

How did you find the film? Comment as-tu trouvé le film? / Comment avez-vous trouvé le film?

How would you say this in French?

What time did you start?

What time did you start? À quelle heure as-tu commencé? / À quelle heure avez-vous commencé?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones have they tried?

Which ones have they tried? Quels ont-ils essayé?

How would you say this in French?

What did you do yesterday?

What did you do yesterday? Qu’as-tu fait hier? / Qu’avez-vous fait hier?

How would you say this in French?

He bought the food this morning.

He bought the food this morning. Il a acheté la nourriture ce matin.

How would you say this in French?

I said.

I said. J’ai dit.

How would you say this in French?

What did you say?

What did you say? Qu’as-tu dit? / Qu’avez-vous dit?

How would you say this in French?

Did they see the restaurant?

Did they see the restaurant? Ont-ils vu le restaurant?

How would you say this in French?

Has she tried the wine?

Has she tried the wine? A-t-elle essayé le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Which car did he hire?

Which car did he hire? Quelle voiture a-t-il loué?

How would you say this in French?

Whom did you see in Marseille?

Whom did you see in Marseille? Qui as-tu vu à Marseille? / Qui avez-vous vu à Marseille?

How would you say this in French?

Whom did you see in Paris?

Whom did you see in Paris? Qui as-tu vu à Paris? / Qui avez-vous vu à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Whom did you call in Calais?

Whom did you call in Calais? Qui as-tu appelé à Calais? / Qui avez-vous appelé à Calais?

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What did he do yesterday? Where did they spend the holidays last year? Why did Pierre come with you? When did you arrive? Where did you buy that? Which one did she try? How much time did they spend at the supermarket? Have we paid the bill? Did you eat breakfast at the hotel? Why did you change the reservation?

1. 2.

Qu’a-t-il fait hier? Où ont-ils passé les vacances l’année dernière? / Où ont-elles passé les vacances l’année dernière? 3. Pourquoi Pierre est-il venu avec toi / vous? 4. Quand es-tu arrivé? / Quand êtes-vous arrivé? 5. Où as-tu acheté cela? / Où avez-vous acheté cela? 6. Quel a-t-elle essayé? 7. Combien de temps ont-ils / ont-elles passé au supermarché? 8. Avons-nous / A-t-on payé l’addition? 9. As-tu / Avez-vous mangé le petit-déjeuner à l’hôtel? 10. Pourquoi as-tu / avez-vous changé la réservation?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Qu’as-tu fait en vacances en Espagne? 2. Quel vin a-t-elle commandé pour la table? 3. Ils ont acheté une voiture la semaine dernière 4. Pourquoi avons-nous loué une voiture? 5. Qui as-tu appelé? 6. A-t-elle essayé le vin? 7. Qu’avez-vous dit? 8. On a visité Paris il y a deux semaines 9. Comment a-t-il trouvé le film? 10. Ont-ils parlé beaucoup de français?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What did you do on holiday in Spain? Which wine did she order for the table? They bought a car last week Why did we hire a car? Whom did you call? Has she tried the wine? What did you say? We visited Paris two weeks ago How did he find the film? Did they speak a lot of French?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Yes, it's perfect, thank you Are you going to eat it? I would like some bread Is he very busy tomorrow? I would like a television What is she doing at university? Is he Mr Blanc? I would like to hire a small car for two people, please Do you want to try the food here? I would like a taxi at one o'clock

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Oui, c’est parfait, merci Vas-tu / Allez-vous le manger? Je voudrais du pain Est-il très occupé demain? Je voudrais une télévision Que fait-elle à l’université? Est-il Monsieur Blanc? Je voudrais louer une petite voiture pour deux personnes, s’il vous plaît / s’il te plaît 9. Voulez-vous / Veux-tu essayer la nourriture ici? 10. Je voudrais un taxi à une heure

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais une écharpe et un chapeau 2. À quelle heure veux-tu prendre le déjeuner? 3. Je ne vais pas au restaurant ce soir 4. Je voudrais une plus petite voiture, s’il vous plaît 5. N’as-tu pas réservé une table pour ce soir? 6. Le fer à repasser ne marche pas 7. Mon déjeuner n’est pas mauvais 8. Charles m’a dit de tout mettre dans la chambre 9. Il est huit heures 10. Aidez-moi!

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I would like a scarf and a hat What time do you want to have lunch? I'm not going to the restaurant tonight I would like a smaller car, please Haven't you reserved a table for tonight? The iron doesn't work My lunch isn't bad Charles told me to put everything in the room It's eight o'clock Help me!

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons seventy-five to seventy-seven of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons seventy-eight to eighty, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 78 – 80 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 75-77”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 78 LESSON 79 LESSON 80 Merci

LESSON 78

You’ve probably noticed this verb as we’ve been learning the structures:

dépenser It means “(to) spend” in the sense of spending money You pronounce it “deh-pon-say”

How would you say this in French?

How much did you spend?

How much did you spend? Combien as-tu dépensé? / Combien avez-vous dépensé?

How would you say this in French?

How much do you want to spend?

How much do you want to spend? Combien veux-tu dépenser? / Combien voulez-vous dépenser?

How would you say this in French?

He has spent too much.

He has spent too much. Il a trop dépensé.

Dépenser The verb “dépenser” is a regular “er” verb, so you’ll be able to conjugate it into the present and past tense easily. But, let’s just have a quick look: PRESENT TENSE je dépense – I spend / I’m spending tu dépenses – you spend / you’re spending il dépense – he spends / he’s spending elle dépense – she spends / she’s spending on dépense – one spends / one’s spending nous dépensons – we spend / we’re spending vous dépensez – you spend / you’re spending ils dépensent – they spend / they’re spending elles dépensent – they spend / spending PAST TENSE j'ai dépensé– I have spent / I spent tu as dépensé – you have spent / you spent il a dépensé – he has spent / he spent elle a dépensé – she has spent / he spent on a dépensé – one has spent / one spent nous avons dépensé – we have spent / we spent vous avez dépensé – you have spent / you spent ils ont dépensé – they have spent / they spent elles ont dépensé – they have spent / they spent

How would you say this in French?

I spent too much money when I bought this coat for Marie.

I spent too much money when I bought this coat for Marie. J’ai dépensé trop d’argent quand j’ai acheté ce manteau pour Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to spend a lot of money today.

I don’t want to spend a lot of money today. Je ne veux pas dépenser beaucoup d’argent aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

They have spent two hundred euros.

They have spent two hundred euros. Ils ont dépensé deux cents euros.

How would you say this in French?

How much money do you spend when you go to the supermarket?

How much money do you spend when you go to the supermarket? Combien d’argent dépenses-tu quand tu vas au supermarché? / Combien d’argent dépensez-vous quand vous allez au supermarché?

Here’s your next verb for this lesson, but this time it’s an irregular one:

comprendre It means “(to) understand” You pronounce it “kom-pron-dreugh”

Comprendre Now, “comprendre” is quite an irregular verb in the present tense and the past tense, so let’s conjugate them below: PRESENT TENSE je comprends – I understand tu comprends – you understand il comprend – he understands elle comprend – she understands on comprend – one understands nous comprenons – we understand vous comprenez – you understand ils comprennent – they understand elles comprennent – they understand When you know the past participle of a verb, it’s easy to conjugate it into the past tense. You just use the auxiliary verb and chuck the past participle on the end.

The past participle of “comprendre” is “compris”, meaning “understood”. PAST TENSE j'ai compris– I understood tu as compris – you understood il a compris – he understood elle a compris – she understood on a compris – one understood nous avons compris – we understood vous avez compris – you understood ils ont compris – they understood elles ont compris – they understood

How would you say this in French?

I understand Pierre.

I understand Pierre. Je comprends Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand Pierre when he speaks English.

I don’t understand Pierre when he speaks English. Je ne comprends pas Pierre quand il parle anglais.

How would you say this in French?

She understands me.

She understands me. Elle me comprend.

How would you say this in French?

I understand you.

I understand you. Je te comprends. / Je vous comprends.

How would you say this in French?

I understand him.

I understand him. Je le comprends.

How would you say this in French?

I understand her.

I understand her. Je la comprends.

How would you say this in French?

I understand them.

I understand them. Je les comprends.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand you.

I don’t understand you. Je ne te comprends pas. / Je ne vous comprends pas.

How would you say this in French?

I understood him very well.

I understood him very well. Je l’ai compris très bien.

How would you say this in French?

I understood her when she spoke slowly to me.

I understood her when she spoke slowly to me. Je l’ai comprise quand elle m’a parlé lentement.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t understand.

I didn’t understand. Je n’ai pas compris.

How would you say this in French?

I’m trying to understand, but it’s difficult when you don’t speak slowly.

I’m trying to understand, but it’s difficult when you don’t speak slowly. J’essaye de comprendre, mais c’est difficile quand tu ne parles pas lentement. / J’essaye de comprendre, mais c’est difficile quand vous ne parlez pas lentement.

We’ve seen this next phrase a few lessons back when we were looking at “je me demande ce que” meaning “I wonder what”:

ce que It means “what” when it’s in the middle of a sentence You pronounce it “seugh keugh” or just “skeugh”

ce que When you want to use “what” at the start of a question, then we can use the word “que”. We’ve also learnt the phrase for “what is…?” in questions such as “what is the address?”. In that instance, we use “quelle est…?” (or “quel est…?” if the next noun is masculine).

que what quel est / quelle est what is And then, in the middle of a sentence, we use the phrase “ce que”.

je ne comprends pas ce que tu fais I don’t understand what you’re doing The literal meaning of “ce que” is “that which”.

Don’t forget that ce que shortens to ce qu’ when you place it in front of a word that starts with a vowel. So, how would you say this in French?

I don’t understand what he’s saying.

I don’t understand what he’s saying. Je ne comprends pas ce qu’il dit.

How would you say this in French?

Do you understand what I’m saying?

Do you understand what I’m saying? Comprenez-vous ce que je dis? / Comprends-tu ce que je dis?

How would you say this in French?

That isn’t what I want.

That isn’t what I want. Ҫa ce n’est pas ce que je veux.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know what I want.

I don’t know what I want. Je ne sais pas ce que je veux.

How would you say this in French?

Do you know what Pierre wants?

Do you know what Pierre wants? Savez-vous ce que Pierre veut? / Sais-tu ce que Pierre veut?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know what he’s doing here.

I don’t know what he’s doing here. Je ne sais pas ce qu’il fait ici.

How would you say this in French?

What is he doing here?

What is he doing here? Que fait-il ici? I just included this last one to see if you were concentrating or not! Whenever the word “what” appears at the beginning of a question, you can just use the normal question word “Que” in French

How would you say this in French?

I wonder what they said.

I wonder what they said. Je me demande ce qu’ils ont dit.

WORD LIST SO FAR dépenser – (to) spend (money) ce que – what (in the middle of a sentence) comprendre – (to) understand compris – understood je comprends – I understand tu comprends – you understand il comprend – he understands elle comprend – she understands on comprend – one understands nous comprenons – we understand vous comprenez – you understand ils comprennent – they understand elles comprennent – they understand

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. I don't know what he has bought 2. I don't understand what they're saying 3. Do you know what I want from the supermarket? 4. He didn't understand me when I spoke French 5. How much money have you spent today? 6. I wonder how much money I've spent this week 7. She understands everything 8. I don't understand Pierre 9. I spent too much money yesterday 10. I don't have what you want

1. Je ne sais pas ce qu’il a acheté aujourd’hui 2. Je ne comprends pas ce qu’ils disent 3. Sais-tu / Savez-vous ce que je veux du supermarché? 4. Il ne m’a pas compris quand j’ai parlé français 5. Combien d’argent as-tu / avez-vous dépensé aujourd’hui 6. Je me demande combien d’argent j’ai dépensé cette semaine 7. Elle comprend tout 8. Je ne comprends pas Pierre 9. J’ai dépensé trop d’argent hier 10. Je n’ai pas ce que tu veux / vous voulez

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. As-tu acheté ce que nous voulons? 2. Je suis désolé mais je ne comprends pas ce que vous dites 3. Ils ne comprennent pas 4. Nous n’avons pas compris ce que c’était 5. Comprend-il pourquoi il est ici? 6. Ils ont dépensé cinq euros 7. Combien d’argent as-tu dépensé en France 8. Je ne sais pas ce que c’est 9. Vous a-t-il compris? 10. Me comprenez-vous?

1. Have you bought what we want? 2. I'm sorry but I don't understand what you're saying 3. They don't understand 4. We didn't understand what it was 5. Does he understand why he's here? 6. They spent five euros 7. How much money did you spend in France? 8. I don't know what it is 9. Did he understand you? 10. Do you understand me?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. At half past two 2. We go to the cinema every other Friday 3. It's absolutely fantastic here but I'm very tired and I want to go home 4. It's for me, thank you 5. Michel and Sophie called me yesterday 6. He isn't tired 7. We live here in London 8. How much is this table? 9. I think it's delicious 10. We're going to eat here

1. À deux heures et demie 2. Nous allons au cinéma tous les deux vendredis 3. C’est absolument fantastique ici mais je suis très fatigué et je veux aller chez moi 4. C’est pour moi, merci 5. Michel et Sophie m’ont appelé hier 6. Il n’est pas fatigué 7. Nous habitons / On habite ici à Londres 8. C’est combien cette table? 9. Pour moi, c’est délicieux 10. Nous allons / On va manger ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je me demande pourquoi ils font ҫa 2. Vas-tu me dire ce que tu fais? 3. Je vais le payer maintenant 4. Ils vont le faire demain 5. Je ne suis pas à l’hôtel aujourd’hui 6. Où puis-je aller? 7. Je voudrais des pommes 8. Pierre n’est pas ici 9. Je voudrais une petite table, s’il vous plaît 10. Ils demandent à tout le monde d’apporter de la nourriture

1. I wonder why they're doing that 2. Are you going to tell me what you're doing? 3. I'm going to pay it now 4. They're going to do it tomorrow 5. I'm not at the hotel today 6. Where can I go? 7. I would like some apples 8. Pierre isn't here 9. I would like a small table, please 10. They're asking everybody to bring some food

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I don't have to 2. you understand (informal) 3. I understand 4. I know (how to) 5. can I? / am I able to? 6. he understands 7. we understand 8. they understand 9. it is said that 10. I want 11. (to) understand 12. (to) spend (money) 13. you understand (formal) 14. they (feminine) 15. one understands 16. do I know (how to)? 17. I've been told that 18. understood 19. I must / I have to 20. she understands 21. I can / I'm able to

22. what (in the middle of a sentence) 23. one / we / you

1. je n'ai pas à 2. tu comprends 3. je comprends 4. je sais 5. puis-je? 6. il comprend 7. nous comprenons 8. ils comprennent / elles comprennent 9. on dit que 10. je veux 11. comprendre 12. dépenser 13. vous comprenez 14. elles 15. on comprend 16. sais-je? 17. on m'a dit que 18. compris 19. je dois 20. elle comprend 21. je peux 22. ce que 23. on

LESSON 79 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? (to) spend (money) what (non-question) (to) understand understood I understand you understand he understands she understands one understands we understand they understand If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Now, you’ve had this verb before:

vouloir It means “to want” You pronounce it “voo-lwahr”

Vouloir I’m not just giving you the verb “vouloir” again for any old reason; there’s always method in my madness (usually!). We’re going to conjugate “vouloir” into a new tense – the conditional. The conditional is a tense that means “would” in English. So, with the verb “vouloir”, it’ll allow you to what you “would want”, or in English, we tend to say, “would like” instead. So far, we’ve had the present tense and the past tense of “vouloir” je veux I want (present tense) je voulais I wanted (past tense) And, in actual fact, we have already had the conditional tense of this verb, but I just didn’t tell you what it was at the time. We learnt it a very long time ago in one of the very first lessons of 3 Minute French. je voudrais I would like (literally – I would want) So, we’ve already had one person in the conditional, “je voudrais”. Here is the whole conjugation of “vouloir” in the conditional: CONDITIONAL CONJUGATION OF VOULOIR je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like

elles voudraient – they would like And, of course, since “vouloir” is an infinitive carrier, you can put any verb on the end of it.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to go to France.

I would like to go to France. Je voudrais aller en France.

How would you say this in French?

He would like to come with us.

He would like to come with us. Il voudrait venir avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

Marie would like to buy it.

Marie would like to buy it. Marie voudrait l’acheter.

How would you say this in French?

I would like a coffee.

I would like a coffee. Je voudrais un café.

je voudrais Just like with all verbs in French, you can make the conditional form of “vouloir” negative or into a question. To make it negative, you put “ne” in front of the verb, and “pas” after it. NEGATIVE CONDITIONAL je ne voudrais pas – I wouldn’t like tu ne voudrais pas – you wouldn’t like il ne voudrait pas – he wouldn’t like elle ne voudrait pas – she wouldn’t like on ne voudrait pas – one wouldn’t like nous ne voudrions pas – we wouldn’t like vous ne voudriez pas – you wouldn’t like ils ne voudraient pas – they wouldn’t like elles ne voudraient pas – they wouldn’t like

To make it into a question, you just switch the subject pronoun around with the verb. QUESTION CONDITIONAL voudrais-je? – would I like? voudrais-tu? – would you like? voudrait-il? – would he like? voudrait-elle? – would she like? voudrait-on? – would one like? voudrions-nous? – would we like? voudriez-vous? – would you like? voudraient-ils? – would they like? voudraient-elles? – would they like?

How would you say this in French?

He wouldn’t like to come with us.

He wouldn’t like to come with us. Il ne voudrait pas venir avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

Where would they like to go?

Where would they like to go? Où voudraient-ils aller? / Où voudraient-elles aller?

How would you say this in French?

Would you like to eat something?

Would you like to eat something? Voudrais-tu manger quelque chose? / Voudriez-vous manger quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

We would like to leave soon.

We would like to leave soon. Nous voudrions partir bientôt. / On voudrait partir bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

I wouldn’t like to do that.

We would like to leave soon. Nous voudrions partir bientôt. / On voudrait partir bientôt.

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like

Here's another verb you’ve probably noticed as we’ve been learning the different structures:

passer It means “to spend” as in to spend time, not money You pronounce it “pah-say”

How would you say this in French?

I would like to spend two weeks here.

I would like to spend two weeks here. Je voudrais passer deux semaines ici.

How would you say this in French?

They’re going to spend the night at my house.

They’re going to spend the night at my house. Ils vont passer la nuit chez moi.

How would you say this in French?

Would you like to spend a week in France?

Would you like to spend a week in France? Voudrais-tu passer une semaine en France? / Voudriez-vous passer une semaine en France?

Passer The wonderful thing about “passer” is that it’s a completely regular “er” verb in the present and past tense: PRESENT TENSE je passe – I spend / I’m spending tu passes – you spend / you’re spending il passe – he spends / he’s spending elle passe – she spends / she’s spending on passe – one spends / one’s spending nous passons – we spend / we’re spending vous passez – you spend / you’re spending ils passent – they spend / they’re spending elles passent – they spend / they’re spending PAST TENSE j'ai passé – I have spent / I spent tu as passé – you have spent / you spent il a passé – he has spent / he spent elle a passé – she has spent / she spent on a passé – one has spent / one spent nous avons passé – we have spent / we spent vous avez passé – you have spent / you spent ils ont passé – they have spent / they spent elles ont passé – they have spent / they spent

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is spending two weeks in England.

Pierre is spending two weeks in England. Pierre passe deux semaines en Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre spent a week with Marie.

Pierre spent a week with Marie. Pierre a passé une semaine avec Marie.

How would you say this in French?

We spent two days in Paris.

We spent two days in Paris. Nous avons passé deux jours à Paris. / On a passé deux jours à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Did you spend three days in France or two days?

Did you spend three days in France or two days? As-tu / Avez-vous passé trois jours en France ou deux jours?

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

les vacances It means “the holidays” or “the vacation” You pronounce it “lay vah-konss”

How would you say this in French?

I’m spending the holidays in France.

I’m spending the holidays in France. Je passe les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to spend the holidays in France.

I’m going to spend the holidays in France. Je vais passer les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

I’m would like to spend the holidays in France.

I’m would like to spend the holidays in France. Je voudrais passer les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

I’m spent the holidays in France.

I’m spent the holidays in France. J’ai passé les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

Where did you spend the holidays?

Where did you spend the holidays? Où as-tu / avez-vous passé les vacances?

How would you say this in French?

I spend the holidays here in England.

I spend the holidays here in England. Je passe les vacances ici en Angleterre.

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend les vacances – the holidays

How would you say this in French?

The holidays were fantastic.

The holidays were fantastic. Les vacances étaient fantastiques.

How would you say this in French?

The holidays were too short.

The holidays were too short. Les vacances étaient trop courtes.

Here’s your next phrase for this lesson. It’s a question phrase:

combien de temps It means “how long” but it literally means “how much time” You pronounce it “com-bee-an(g) deugh tom”

How would you say this in French?

How long did you spend in France?

How long did you spend in France? Combien de temps as-tu / avez-vous passé en France?

How would you say this in French?

How long did have you been living here?

How long have you been living here? Depuis combien de temps habites-tu / habitez-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

How long did they spend at your house?

How long did they spend at your house? Combien de temps ont-ils / ont-elles passé chez toi / chez vous?

How would you say this in French?

How much time would you like to spend abroad?

How much time would you like to spend abroad? Combien de temps voudrais-tu / voudriez-vous passer à l’étranger?

How would you say this in French?

How long has he been waiting here?

How long has he been waiting here? Depuis combien de temps attend-il ici?

How would you say this in French?

How long do we have to leave the cake?

How long do we have to leave the cake? Combien de temps devons-nous / doiton laisser le gâteau?

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend les vacances – the holidays combien de temps – how long / how much time

How would you say this in French?

How long are we waiting?

How long are we waiting? Combien de temps attendons-nous / attend-on?

This next phrase is a useful phrase that you can put verbs on the end of:

j'espère It means “I hope” You pronounce it “shjeh-spair”

As I said, you can put any verb on the end of “j’espère” to say what you “hope to do”. So, how would you say this in French?

I hope to go to France.

I hope to go to France. J’espère aller en France.

How would you say this in French?

I hope to spend the holidays abroad this year.

I hope to spend the holidays abroad this year. J’espère passer les vacances à l’étranger cette année.

How would you say this in French?

I hope to speak with Marie tomorrow.

I hope to speak with Marie tomorrow. J’espère parler avec Marie demain.

How would you say this in French?

I hope to leave at 8 o’clock this evening.

I hope to leave at 8 o’clock this evening. J’espère partir à vingt heures ce soirs.

How would you say this in French?

I hope to buy something beautiful for my sister from Paris.

I hope to buy something beautiful for my sister from Paris. J’espère acheter quelque chose de beau pour ma sœur de Paris.

How would you say this in French?

Next week, I hope to finish everything.

Next week, I hope to finish everything. La semaine prochaine, j’espère tout finir.

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend les vacances – the holidays combien de temps – how long / how much time j’espère – I hope

How would you say this in French?

Next year, I hope to visit the Eiffel Tower with my girlfriend.

Next year, I hope to visit the Eiffel Tower with my girlfriend. L’année prochaine, j’espère visiter la Tour Eiffel avec ma petite-amie.

Instead of “I hope”, we can say “we hope”:

nous espérons It means “we hope” You pronounce it “noo zess-pair-on(g)”

How would you say this in French?

We hope to spend the holidays in France.

We hope to spend the holidays in France. Nous espérons passer les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

We hope to see Marie tomorrow.

We hope to see Marie tomorrow. Nous espérons voir Marie demain.

How would you say this in French?

We hope to arrive tomorrow morning at half past seven.

We hope to arrive tomorrow morning at half past seven. Nous espérons arriver demain matin à sept heures et demie.

How would you say this in French?

We hope to leave very early.

We hope to leave very early. Nous espérons partir très tôt.

Remember how we can use the word “on” instead of “nous” to mean “we”. Well, here is the “on” version of “nous espérons”:

on espère It means “we hope” or “one hopes” You pronounce it “on(g) ess-pair”

So, for the next few translations, use “on” instead of “nous” for “we”. How would you say this in French?

We hope to spend the holidays in France.

We hope to spend the holidays in France. On espère passer les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

We hope to see Marie tomorrow.

We hope to see Marie tomorrow. On espère voir Marie demain.

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend les vacances – the holidays combien de temps – how long / how much time j’espère – I hope nous espérons – we hope on espère – we hope

How would you say this in French?

We hope to arrive tomorrow morning at half past seven.

We hope to arrive tomorrow morning at half past seven. On espère arriver demain matin à sept heures et demie.

How would you say this in French?

We hope to leave very early.

We hope to leave very early. On espère partir très tôt.

This next word is a useful adverb:

seulement It means “only” You pronounce it “seughl-mon(g)”

Seulement In French, you put the word “seulement” after the verb, whereas in English, we tend to put the word “only” in front of the verb.

Je passe seulement une semaine ici I’m only spending one week here (I spend only one week here) Je veux seulement un petit peu I only want a little bit (I want only a little bit) Sometimes, it’s good to try and imagine how a French person might say something in English. and then, that is how you should say it in French. It’s easy to imagine a French person saying something like, “I want only a little bit” rather than “I only want a little bit”, because that is how you say it in French – je veux seulement un petit peu.

How would you say this in French?

I’m only spending two days here.

I’m only spending two days here. Je passe seulement deux jours ici.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre only wants a bit.

Pierre only wants a bit. Pierre veut seulement un peu.

How would you say this in French?

I want to eat here, but only if the food is good.

I want to eat here, but only if the food is good. Je veux manger ici, mais seulement si la nourriture est bonne.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is only coming for one week.

Marie is only coming for one week. Marie vient pour seulement une semaine.

How would you say this in French?

We hope to go home after only three days.

We hope to go home after only three days. Nous espérons aller chez nous après seulement trois jours. / On espère aller chez nous après seulement trois jours.

How would you say this in French?

It’s only you and me here now.

It’s only you and me here now. C’est seulement toi et moi ici maintenant. / C’est seulement vous et moi ici maintenant.

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend les vacances – the holidays combien de temps – how long / how much time j’espère – I hope nous espérons – we hope on espère – we hope seulement – only

How would you say this in French?

It’s only two euros.

It's only two euros. C’est seulement deux euros.

How would you say this in French?

We can take the train only if we leave now.

We can take the train only if we leave now. Nous pouvons prendre le train seulement si nous partons maintenant. / On peut prendre le train seulement si on part maintenant.

In English, we tend to say “if only it were…”, but it French, you can just say, “if only it was…”. So, how would you say this in French?

If only it were possible.

If only it were possible. Si seulement c’était possible.

How would you say this in French?

If only I could finish it today.

If only I could finish it today. Si seulement je pouvais le finir aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

If only we could see it.

If only we could see it. Si seulement nous pouvions le voir. / Si seulement on pouvait le voir.

How would you say this in French?

If only he wanted to come with us.

If only he wanted to come with us. Si seulement il voulait venir avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

If only they were here now.

If only they were here now. Si seulement ils étaient ici maintenant. / Si seulement elles étaient ici maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

She only wanted to go today because she isn’t busy.

She only wanted to go today because she isn’t busy. Elle voulait seulement aller aujourd’hui parce qu’elle n’est pas occupée.

How would you say this in French?

If only everything were easier.

If only everything were easier. Si seulement tout était plus facile.

How would you say this in French?

I only wanted a coffee.

I only wanted a coffee. Je voulais seulement un café.

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend les vacances – the holidays combien de temps – how long / how much time j’espère – I hope nous espérons – we hope on espère – we hope seulement – only

We can add a little bit to the end of “j’espère” that makes it even more useful:

j’espère que It means “I hope (that)” You pronounce it “shjeh-spair keugh”

j'espère que “J’espère que" is used whenever you want to put anything after “j’espère” that isn’t an infinitive. Let me explain… “J’espère que” and “nous espérons que" literally mean "I hope that" and “we hope that”. You have to put a “que” after “j’espère” or “nous espérons” if you want to put anything other than an infinitive on the end.

J’espère que c’est bon I hope (that) it’s good J’espère que Pierre vient I hope (that) Pierre comes Nous espérons que c’est bon We hope (that) it’s good I’ve put the word (that) in brackets in each sentence because, in English, it’s optional. However, in French, the “que” isn’t optional. I know we’ve already learned that “que” means “what”, but it can also mean “that” when used after “j’espère” and “nous espérons”. So, in english, if it is possible to say “that” after “I hope” (even if you don’t have to use it), you must use “que” in French. Look at the difference between the two sentences below:

J’espère aller en France I hope to go to France J’espère que tu vas en France I hope (that) you go to France

The first sentence uses an infinitive, so you don’t need to use the word “que” (plus, it isn’t possible to say “I hope that to go to France”, so you can’t use a “que” in this situation). But, you can, in the second sentence say either “I hope you go to France” or “I hope that you go to France”.

How would you say this in French?

I hope it’s good.

I hope it’s good. J’espère que c’est bon.

How would you say this in French?

I hope Pierre goes too.

I hope Pierre goes too. J’espère que Pierre va aussi.

How would you say this in French?

I hope to go, too.

I hope to go, too. J’espère aller, aussi.

How would you say this in French?

I hope you’ve had a good holiday. *In French, you have to say literally, “I hope you have spent some good holidays”, so you need to keep in mind the rule about putting an adjective in front of a plural noun

I hope you’ve had a good holiday. J’espère que tu as passé de bonnes vacances. / J’espère que vous avez passé de bonnes vacances.

How would you say this in French?

We hope that Marie is doing well.

We hope that Marie is doing well. Nous espérons que Marie va bien.

How would you say this in French?

We hope everything is perfect for you.

We hope everything is perfect for you. Nous espérons que tout est parfait pour toi / vous.

WORD LIST SO FAR vouloir – (to) want je voudrais – I would like tu voudrais – you would like il voudrait – he would like elle voudrait – she would like on voudrait – one would like nous voudrions – we would like vous voudriez – you would like ils voudraient – they would like elles voudraient – they would like passer – (to) spend les vacances – the holidays combien de temps – how long / how much time j’espère – I hope nous espérons – we hope on espère – we hope seulement – only j’espère que – I hope (that)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

We would like to eat here today, if it's possible I hope to spend the holidays in France How long did you spend in Paris? I hope the hotel is good Why did they spend the holidays abroad? How long would you like to stay at mine? I spent two weeks in Spain We hope it's good I would like the car for only one week, please We would like to hire a car but only for three days

1.

Nous espérons / on espère manger ici aujourd’hui, si c’est possible 2. J’espère passer les vacances en France 3. Combien de temps as-tu / avez-vous passé à Paris? 4. J’espère que l’hôtel est bon 5. Pourquoi ont-ils / ont-elles passé les vacances à l’étranger? 6. Combien de temps voudrais-tu / voudriez-vous rester chez moi? 7. J’ai passé deux semaines en Espagne 8. Nous espérons que c’est bon 9. Je voudrais la voiture pour seulement une semaine, s’il vous plaît 10. Nous voudrions louer une voiture mais seulement pour trois jours

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3.

Que voudrais-tu faire aujourd’hui? Où voudraient-ils / voudraient-elles aller? J’espère que Pierre achète quelque chose pour moi à Aix-enProvence 4. J’espère acheter quelque chose pour Marie à Nice 5. Je veux seulement deux bouteilles de vin rouge, s’il vous plaît 6. Nous espérons que Marie passe de bonnes vacances 7. Nous espérons aller au supermarché demain matin 8. Je passe seulement trois jours ici 9. Nous espérons que la nourriture ici est délicieuse 10. Je voudrais rester ici, mais seulement si ce n’est pas très cher

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What would you like to do today? Where would they like to go? I hope Pierre buys something for me in Aix-en-Provence I hope to buy something for Marie in Nice I only want two bottles of red wine, please We hope Marie has a good holiday We hope to go to the supermarket tomorrow morning I'm only spending three days here We hope the food here is delicious I would like to stay here, but only if it isn't very expensive

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

A bottle of water is one euro twenty A bit less What time is the train? I would like to go to the restaurant tonight Turn right and it's on the right Do you have a table for three people for tonight? It isn't perfect but it's very good For me, the chicken, and for her, the turkey, please Do you have these shoes in dark green? I'm going to have breakfast here

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Une bouteille d’eau est un euro vingt Un peu moins À quelle heure est le train? Je voudrais aller au restaurant ce soir Tournez à droite est c’est à droite As-tu / avez-vous une table pour trois personnes pour ce soir? Ce n’est pas parfait mais c’est très bon Pour moi, le poulet, et pour elle, la dinde, s’il vous plaît / s’il te plaît 9. As-tu / avez-vous ces chaussures en vert foncé? 10. Je vais prendre le petit-déjeuner ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas délicieux 2. Il est cinq heures 3. Vas-tu prendre le taxi avec moi? 4. Mon déjeuner est terrible 5. Avant le dessert, puis-je essayer le fromage? 6. C’est combien la grande voiture? 7. Pourquoi ne fais-tu pas cela demain? 8. Je suis fatigué 9. Je suis ici depuis trois semaines 10. J’ai tout fait maintenant

1. It isn't delicious 2. It's five o'clock 3. Are you going to take the taxi with me? 4. My lunch is terrible 5. Before dessert, can I try the cheese? 6. How much is the big car? 7. Why don't you do that tomorrow? 8. I'm tired 9. I've been here for three weeks 10. I've done everything now

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I know (how to) 2. only 3. (to) understand 4. I would like 5. one understands 6. you would like (informal) 7. how long / how much time 8. she would like 9. what (in the middle of a sentence) 10. we hope (that) 11. I understand 12. he understands 13. I hope (that) 14. do I know (how to)? 15. you would like (formal) 16. she understands 17. they understand 18. I've been told that 19. they would like 20. can I? / am I able to? 21. I must / I have to

22. I can / I'm able to 23. they (feminine) 24. we understand 25. understood 26. one would like 27. he would like 28. it is said that 29. you understand (formal) 30. we would like 31. one / we / you 32. you understand (informal) 33. I don't have to 34. (to) want 35. the holidays 36. I want 37. (to) spend (money)

1. je sais 2. seulement 3. comprendre 4. je voudrais 5. on comprend 6. tu voudrais 7. combien de temps 8. elle voudrait 9. ce que 10. nous espérons (que) 11. je comprends 12. il comprend 13. j'espère (que) 14. sais-je? 15. vous voudriez 16. elle comprend 17. ils comprennent / elles comprennent 18. on m'a dit que 19. ils / elles voudraient 20. puis-je? 21. je dois 22. je peux 23. elles

24. nous comprenons 25. compris 26. on voudrait 27. il voudrait 28. on dit que 29. vous comprenez 30. nous voudrions 31. on 32. tu comprends 33. je n'ai pas à 34. vouloir 35. les vacances 36. je veux 37. dépenser

LESSON 80 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I would like you would like he/she would like we would like you would like they would like (to) spend (time) the holidays how long (how much time) I hope (that) we hope (that) only If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

We’re going to talk a little more about this question word:

combien de It means “how much” or “how many” and you put a noun on the end of it You pronounce it “kom-bee-an deugh”

combien de You can put any noun you like after “combien de…”, and it means either “how much…” or “how many…”. combien de voitures how many cars combien d’argent how much money combien de vin how much wine combien de jour how many days combien de semaines how many weeks

How would you say this in French?

How many days are you spending here?

How many days are you spending here? Combien de jours passes-tu ici? / Combien de jours passez-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

How much money did you bring?

How much money did you bring? Combien d’argent as-tu apporté? / Combien d’argent avez-vous apporté?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine has he drunk?

How much wine has he drunk? Combien de vin a-t-il bu?

How would you say this in French?

How much cheese did she buy?

How much cheese did she buy? Combien de fromage a-t-elle acheté?

How would you say this in French?

How many bottles of wine do you want?

How many bottles of wine do you want? Combien de bouteilles de vin veux-tu / voulez-vous?

how long for In English, a lot of the time, when you’re asking somebody a “how long” type question, you tend to end it with the word “for” How long are you going to Spain for? How long did you wait for? Well, the word “for” is a preposition. In English, grammatically speaking, you shouldn’t really put prepositions on the end of a sentence, but most people do, including me! However, in French, it’s actually against the law to end a sentence with a preposition. Not really, but you definitely should never do it. In those, “how long … for” type questions, what you should do in French is bring the preposition to the very front of the question instead. The word “for” in French is, as you know, “pour”. So, instead of saying something like “How long are you going for?”, you should say, “For how long are you going?”, which is “Pour combien de temps allez-vous?” Pour combien de temps allez-vous en France? How long are you going to France for?

So, just to reiterate:

pour combien de temps It means “for how long” You pronounce it “pour kom-bee-an deugh tom”

How would you say this in French?

How long did you go to France for?

How long did you go to France for? Pour combien de temps es-tu allé en France? / Pour combien de temps êtes-vous allé en France?

How would you say this in French?

How long are they staying here for?

How long are they staying here for? Pour combien de temps restent-ils / restent-elles ici?

Similarly, you can use this “pour” at the beginning in French whenever you would end a question with “for” in English. So, how would you say this in French?

How many days are you in France for?

How many days are you in France for? Pour combien de jours es-tu / êtesvous en France?

How would you say this in French?

How many days is he hiring the car for?

How many days is he hiring the car for? Pour combien de jours loue-t-il la voiture?

Then, there’s this question word:

quel It means “which” or “which one” You pronounce it “kell”

quel The word “quel” can be changed depending on whether it’s talking about something masculine, feminine, singular or plural. Therefore, there are four different versions of “quel” QUEL - masculine singular QUELLE - feminine singular QUELS - masculine plural QUELLES - feminine plural You can use the different versions of “quel” in front of a noun, and it would simply mean “which”. However, if you use “quel” by itself, it can mean “which one” (in the singular) or “which ones” (in the plural).

How would you say this in French?

Which wine do you want?

Which wine do you want? Quel vin veux-tu? / Quel vin voulezvous?

How would you say this in French?

Which one can I have?

Which one can I have? Quel puis-je avoir?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones did you try?

Which ones did you try? Quels as-tu essayé? / Quels avez-vous essayé?

How would you say this in French?

Which car does she have?

Which car does she have? Quelle voiture a-t-elle?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you like?

Which one do you like? Quel aimes-tu? / Quel aimez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you like?

Which ones do you like? Quels aimes-tu? / Quels aimez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Which film did you watch?

Which film did you watch? Quel film as-tu regardé? / Quel film avez-vous regardé?

How would you say this in French?

Which bottle of wine did they order?

Which bottle of wine did they order? Quelle bouteille de vin ont-ils / ontelles commandé?

Here’s another useful phrase. There’s an informal and a formal version:

préfères-tu / préférez-vous They both mean “do you prefer”. The first one is the informal version, and the second one is the formal or plural version You pronounce them “preh-fair too” and “preh-feh-ray voo”

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you prefer?

Which ones do you prefer? Quels préfères-tu? / Quels préférez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you prefer, France or Spain?

Where do you prefer, France or Spain? Où préfères-tu, la France or l’Espagne? / Où préférez-vous, la France ou l’Espagne?

How would you say this in French?

Which car do you prefer?

Which car do you prefer? Quelle voiture préfères-tu? / Quelle voiture préférez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Do you prefer the red wine or the white wine?

Do you prefer the red wine or the white wine? Préfères-tu le vin rouge ou le vin blanc? / Préférez-vous le vin rouge ou le vin blanc?

The phrases “préfères-tu” and “préférez-vous” can both be used as infinitive carriers, which means you can put verbs on the end of them. So, how would you say this in French?

Do you prefer going to France or to Spain?

Do you prefer going to France or to Spain? Préfères-tu aller en France ou en Espagne? / Préférez-vous aller en France ou en Espagne?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you prefer to eat when you go to France?

Where do you prefer to eat when you go to France? Où préfères-tu manger quand tu vas en France? / Où préférez-vous manger quand vous allez en France?

How would you say this in French?

Do you prefer staying at home or going out?

Do you prefer staying at home or going out? Préfères-tu rester chez toi ou sortir? / Préférez-vous rester chez vous ou sortir?

How would you say this in French?

How do you prefer to pay?

How do you prefer to pay? Comment préfères-tu payer? / Comment préférez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you prefer to go on holiday?

Where do you prefer to go on holiday? Où préfères-tu aller en vacances? / Où préférez-vous aller en vacances?

We can change the “you” to “I”:

je préfère It means “I prefer”, and you can use it as an infinitive carrier if you like You pronounce it “shjeugh preh-fair”

How would you say this in French?

I prefer to spend the holidays in France.

I prefer to spend the holidays in France. Je préfère passer les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

I prefer this wine.

I prefer this wine. Je préfère ce vin.

How would you say this in French?

I prefer eating here because the food is always delicious.

I prefer eating here because the food is always delicious. Je préfère manger ici parce que la nourriture est toujours délicieuse.

How would you say this in French?

I prefer buying postcards because souvenirs are too expensive.

I prefer buying postcards because souvenirs are too expensive. Je préfère acheter les cartes postales parce que les souvenirs sont trop chers.

WORD LIST SO FAR combien de – how much / how many pour combien de jours – for how many days pour combien de temps – how long … for quel / quels / quelle / quelles – which préfères-tu – do you prefer (singular informal) préférez-vous – do you prefer (singular formal / plural) je préfère – I prefer

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

How many days would you like to hire the car for? Which one do you prefer? I prefer staying at home but I like going out as well Where do you prefer to stay when you go abroad? Which ones would you like to try? How much wine have you drunk? How many shoes do you have? Which one would you like to buy? They would like to go abroad but I prefer staying in England Which coat did she buy?

1.

Pour combien de jours voudrais-tu / voudriez-vous louer la voiture? 2. Quel préfères-tu? / Quel préférez-vous? 3. Je préfère rester chez moi mais j’aime sortir aussi 4. Où préfères-tu rester quand tu vas à l’étranger? / Où préférezvous quand vous allez à l’étranger? 5. Quels voudrais-tu / voudriez-vous essayer? 6. Combien de vin as-tu / avez-vous bu? 7. Combien de chaussures as-tu / avez-vous? 8. Quel voudrais-tu / voudriez-vous acheter? 9. Ils / Elles voudraient aller à l’étranger mais je préfère rester en Angleterre 10. Quel manteau a-t-elle acheté?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quelle voiture as-tu loué? 2. Pour combien de temps es-tu allé en vacances? 3. Combien de jour ont-ils passé chez toi? 4. Quel hôtel préfères-tu? 5. À quelle heure préférez-vous prendre le petit-déjeuner? 6. Je préfère manger le déjeuner à quatorze heures 7. Je ne sais pas quel vin je veux pour la table 8. Je préfère la France 9. Quels ont-ils essayé? 10. Quel fromage puis-je essayer?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Which car did you hire? How long did you go on holiday for? How many days did they spend at your house? Which hotel do you prefer? What time do you prefer to have breakfast? I prefer eating lunch at 2 o'clock I don't know which wine I want for the table I prefer France Which ones have they tried? Which cheese can I try?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Breakfast is at seven o'clock tomorrow Don't arrive too early When did they buy the tickets? What time are you going to Marie's house? How much is the bill? The carrots are very good I'm bringing that with me tomorrow I didn't forget The car is a bit too big for me Are you going to order some wine for me?

1. Le petit-déjeuner est à sept heures demain 2. N’arrive pas trop tôt / N’arrivez pas trop tôt 3. Quand ont-ils / ont-elles acheté les billets? 4. À quelle heure vas-tu / allez-vous chez Marie? 5. C’est combien l’addition? 6. Les carottes sont très bonnes 7. J’apporte cela avec moi demain 8. Je n’ai pas oublié 9. La voiture est un peu trop grande pour moi 10. Vas-tu / Allez-vous commander du vin pour moi?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Le déjeuner ici est toujours fantastique 2. Je voudrais aller à la boulangerie pour du pain 3. Après le rond-point, prenez la troisième rue à droite 4. Je voudrais faire une réservation 5. Il m’a demandé où nous allons ce soir 6. Puis-je aller au magasin avec toi? 7. Excusez-moi, c’est combien cette bouteille de vin? 8. Puis-je avoir une chambre pour ce soir, s’il vous plaît? 9. Je l’ai essayé mais ce n’était pas très bon 10. Es-tu pressé?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

The lunch here is always fantastic I would like to go to the bakery for some bread After the roundabout, take the third road on the right I would like to make a reservation He asked me where we're going this evening Can I go to the shop with you? Excuse me, how much is this bottle of wine? May I have a room for tonight, please? I tried it but it wasn't very good Are you in a hurry?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. you understand (formal) 2. you understand (informal) 3. I want 4. how long / how much time 5. I hope (that) 6. you would like (formal) 7. they understand 8. I must / I have to 9. for how many days 10. (to) understand 11. she understands 12. do you prefer (formal) 13. can I? / am I able to? 14. I would like 15. do you prefer (informal) 16. which 17. they (feminine) 18. we understand 19. understood 20. do I know (how to)? 21. he would like

22. one / we / you 23. (to) want 24. how long … for 25. (to) spend (money) 26. you would like (informal) 27. I don't have to 28. how much / how many 29. the holidays 30. they would like 31. one would like 32. I can / I'm able to 33. one understands 34. I've been told that 35. she would like 36. I know (how to) 37. he understands 38. only 39. what (in the middle of a sentence) 40. I understand 41. we would like 42. I prefer 43. we hope (that) 44. it is said that

1. vous comprenez 2. tu comprends 3. je veux 4. combien de temps 5. j'espère (que) 6. vous voudriez 7. ils comprennent / elles comprennent 8. je dois 9. pour combien de jours 10. comprendre 11. elle comprend 12. préférez-vous 13. puis-je? 14. je voudrais 15. préfères-tu 16. quel / quels / quelle / quelles 17. elles 18. nous comprenons 19. compris 20. sais-je? 21. il voudrait 22. on 23. vouloir

24. pour combien de temps 25. dépenser 26. tu voudrais 27. je n'ai pas à 28. combien de 29. les vacances 30. ils / elles voudraient 31. on voudrait 32. je peux 33. on comprend 34. on m'a dit que 35. elle voudrait 36. je sais 37. il comprend 38. seulement 39. ce que 40. je comprends 41. nous voudrions 42. je préfère 43. nous espérons (que) 44. on dit que

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons seventy-eight to eighty of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons eighty-one to eighty-three, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 81 – 83 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 78-80”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 81 LESSON 82 LESSON 83 Merci

LESSON 81 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? how much / how many for how many days how long … for which do you prefer I prefer If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful little word:

meilleur It means “better” You pronounce it “may-yeur”

How would you say this in French?

Everything is better here.

Everything is better here. Tout est meilleur ici.

The feminine version of “meilleur” is “meilleure”. So, how would you say this in French?

The food is better here.

The food is better here. La nourriture est meilleure ici.

WORD LIST SO FAR meilleur – better

How would you say this in French?

The wine is always better here.

The wine is always better here. Le vin est toujours meilleur ici.

How would you say this in French?

Which one is better?

Which one is better? Quel est meilleur?

How would you say this in French?

I hope it’s better in Paris.

I hope the hotels are better in Paris. J’espère que les hôtels sont meilleurs à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s better now.

I think it’s better now. Pour moi, c’est meilleur maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

Is it better for you here?

Is it better for you here? Est-ce que c’est meilleur pour toi / vous ici?

We can add a little to “meilleur”:

meilleur que It means “better than” You pronounce it “may-yeur keugh”

Meilleur que Yes, I know! Another meaning for “que”, pfft! So, “que” can mean “what” in a question, “that” after “I hope” (j’espère) and now “than” after “better” (meilleur).

Que fais-tu? What are you doing? J’espère que c’est bon I hope that it’s good Le vin est meilleur que la nourriture The wine is better than the food

How would you say this in French?

The cheese here is better than the cheese there.

The cheese here is better than the cheese there. Le fromage ici est meilleur que le fromage là.

How would you say this in French?

I think the chicken is better than the turkey.

I think the chicken is better than the turkey. Pour moi, le poulet est meilleur que la dinde.

How would you say this in French?

It (the wine) is always better here than there.

WORD LIST SO FAR meilleur – better meilleur que – better than

It is always better here than there. Il est toujours meilleur ici que là.

How would you say this in French?

It (the food) is always better there than here.

It is always better there than here. Elle est toujours meilleure là que ici.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is better in France.

Everything is better in France. Tout est meilleur en France.

These next two phrases are useful for distinguishing between two things:

ce …-ci ce …-là They mean “this …” and “that …” You pronounce them “seugh …see” and “seugh …lah”

this & that We learned ages ago that if you want to say “this wine”, you say “ce vin”. Additionally, we learned that “ce vin” can also mean “that wine”. However, if you want to say something like “this wine is better than that wine”, the French have some little additions you can put on the end of things. How exciting! If you want to say “this wine”, you can just say, “ce vin”, as you already know. However, if you want to say “this wine” as opposed to “that wine”, you can hook a little “-ci” on the end of the word for “wine”.

ce vin-ci this wine the -ci on the end comes from “ici” meaning “here”. So, you’re really saying “this wine here”

If you want to say “that wine”, you add a little “-là” to the end of the word for “wine”.

ce vin-là that wine the -là on the end comes from “là” meaning “there”. So, you’re really saying “that wine there”

You can hook the “-ci” and “-là” on the end of any noun, as long as you use “ce/cet/cette/ces (depending on whether it’s a masculine, feminine, singular or plural noun) in front of it. cette voiture-ci – this car cette voiture-là – that car ce restaurant-ci – this restaurant ce restaurant-là – that restaurant ces vins-ci – these wines ces vins-là – those wines So, obviously, you can see that, in the plural, the phrases “ces …-ci” and “ces …-là” mean “these” and “those”, respectively.

So, how would you say this in French?

This wine is very good but that wine is terrible.

This wine is very good but that wine is terrible. Ce vin-ci est très bon mais ce vin-là est terrible.

How would you say this in French?

This cheese is better than that cheese.

This cheese is better than that cheese. Ce fromage-ci est meilleur que ce fromage-là.

WORD LIST SO FAR meilleur – better meilleur que – better than ce …-ci – this … ce …-là – that …

How would you say this in French?

I would like that car, but she would like this car.

I would like that car, but she would like this car. Je voudrais cette voiture-là, mais elle voudrait cette voiture-ci.

How would you say this in French?

That cake was delicious, but this cake is a lot better.

That cake was delicious, but this cake is a lot better. Ce gâteau-là était délicieux, mais ce gâteau-ci est beaucoup meilleur.

How would you say this in French?

I think this hotel is very good, but that hotel is less expensive.

I think this hotel is very good, but that hotel is less expensive. Pour moi, cet hôtel-ci est très bon, mais cet hôtel-là est moins cher.

How would you say this in French?

This coat is too big for me, but that coat is perfect.

This coat is too big for me, but that coat is perfect. Ce manteau-ci est trop grand pour moi, mais ce manteau-là est parfait.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want this pizza or that pizza?

Do you want this pizza or that pizza? Veux-tu cette pizza-ci ou cette pizzalà? / Voulez-vous cette pizza-ci ou cette pizza-là?

How would you say this in French?

That restaurant is very expensive.

That restaurant is very expensive. Ce restaurant-là est très cher.

The word “meilleur” means “better”, but if you put “le” in front of it, you get this:

le meilleur It means “the best” You pronounce it “leugh may-yeur”

How would you say this in French?

This wine is the best.

This wine is the best. Ce vin-ci est le meilleur. *Don’t forget that the "-ci” on the end of a noun is optional, so you don’t have to use it if it’s clear you’re talking about “this” wine as opposed to “that” wine

How would you say this in French?

That cheese is the best.

That cheese is the best. Ce fromage-là est le meilleur.

How would you say this in French?

I think that is the best.

I think that is the best. Pour moi, ҫa c’est le meilleur.

WORD LIST SO FAR meilleur – better meilleur que – better than ce …-ci – this … ce …-là – that … le meilleur – the best

How would you say this in French?

I think the best wine is the red wine.

I think the best wine is the red wine. Pour moi, le meilleur vin est le vin rouge.

the best Just like with everything else in French, when you use “le meilleur”, it has to agree with whatever it is describing. If you’re talking about “the best wine”, it’s masculine; if you’re talking about “the best cars”, it’s feminine plural. Here are the four different forms of “le meilleur”:

le meilleur – masculine singular la meilleure – feminine singular les meilleurs – masculine plural les meilleures – feminine plural

How would you say this in French?

Which car is the best?

Which car is the best? Quelle voiture est la meilleure?

How would you say this in French?

I think that hotel is the best, but this hotel is very good as well.

I think that hotel is the best, but this hotel is very good as well. Pour moi, cet hôtel-là est le meilleur, mais cet hôtel-ci est très bon aussi.

How would you say this in French?

The best food is in Paris.

The best food is in Paris. La meilleure nourriture est à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know which is the best.

I don’t know which is the best. Je ne sais pas quel est le meilleure.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know if it’s the best, but this bottle of wine is absolutely delicious.

I don’t know if it’s the best, but this bottle of wine is absolutely delicious. Je ne sais pas si elle est la meilleure, mais cette bouteille de vin est absolument délicieuse.

WORD LIST SO FAR meilleur – better meilleur que – better than ce …-ci – this … ce …-là – that … le meilleur – the best

How would you say this in French?

The best wine is in France.

The best wine is in France. Le meilleur vin est en France.

How would you say this in French?

Which one is the best?

Which one is the best? Que lest le meilleur?

this (one) & that (one) There are two more words that I want to introduce you to. In fact, we have seen them before, but now we’ll understand more how they have come about:

ceci this (one)

cela that (one) You might notice that these two words contain the word “ce” and then there is a “ci” and a “là” on the end of them. Well, in “cela”, for some reason, the accent on the à disappeared. We can use “ceci” by itself to mean “this” and “cela” by itself to mean “that”. However, in English, we very often say “this ONE” and “that ONE”, but in French, you don’t need any word for the “one” part; you can simply say “ceci” and “cela”. ceci est bon this (one) is good cela est parfait that (one) is perfect

How would you say this in French?

That one is better than this one.

That one is better than this one. Cela est meilleur que ceci.

How would you say this in French?

I like that one but I prefer this one.

I like that one but I prefer this one. J’aime cela mais je préfère ceci.

How would you say this in French?

This is perfect.

This is perfect. Ceci est parfait.

How would you say this in French?

I think this one is the best but that one is good, too.

I think this one is the best but that one is good, too. Pour moi, ceci est le meilleur mais cela est bon, aussi.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want this or that?

Do you want this or that? Veux-tu ceci ou cela? / Voulez-vous ceci ou cela?

How would you say this in French?

This is bad.

This is bad. Ceci est mauvais.

How would you say this in French?

He bought this one in Paris and that one in Marseille.

He bought this one in Paris and that one in Marseille. Il a acheté ceci à Paris et cela à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

She’s had this one for three years.

She’s had this one for three years. Elle a ceci depuis trois ans. *You have to literally say, “She has this since three years”

How would you say this in French?

I wanted that one but Pierre bought me this one.

I wanted that one but Pierre bought me this one. Je voulais cela mais Pierre m’a acheté ceci.

WORD LIST SO FAR meilleur – better meilleur que – better than ce …-ci – this … ce …-là – that … le meilleur – the best ceci – this cela – that

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. The rooms here are better 2. I think this room is better than that room 3. Is this one the best one? 4. Which one is the best for me? 5. The white wine is a lot better than the red wine 6. This car is the best but I like that car as well 7. This one is smaller but that one is a lot more expensive 8. The food at the hotel is better than the food at the restaurant 9. Do you want that postcard? 10. Everything is better here

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Les chambres ici sont meilleures Pour moi, cette chambre-ci est meilleure que cette chambre-là Est-ce que ceci est le meilleure? Quel est le meilleur pour moi? Le vin blanc est beaucoup meilleur que le vin rouge Cette voiture-ci est la meilleure mais j’aime cette voiture-là aussi Ceci est plus petit mais cela est beaucoup plus cher La nourriture à l’hôtel est meilleure que la nourriture au restaurant 9. Veux-tu / Voulez-vous cette carte postale-là? 10. Tout est meilleur ici

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ceci est parfait pour moi 2. Ce gâteau-là est délicieux mais il n’est pas très bon pour moi 3. Ce vin-là est absolument terrible 4. Préfères-tu ceci ou cela? 5. Ils ont choisi cette chambre-là 6. Le meilleur hôtel est à côté de la Tour Eiffel 7. La voiture devant nous est meilleure 8. Cette voiture-là est trop petite pour nous 9. Ce hôtel-ci est meilleur parce qu’il a une piscine 10. Je ne sais pas s’il veut ceci ou cela

1. This is perfect for me 2. That cake is delicious but it isn't very good for me 3. This wine is absolutely terrible 4. Do you prefer this one or that one? 5. They chose that room 6. The best hotel is next to the Eiffel Tower 7. The car in front of us is better 8. That car is too small for us 9. This hotel is better because it has a swimming pool 10. I don't know if he wants this one or that one

1. What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. What are you buying for Marie? 2. It's half past five 3. Are they going to make a reservation? 4. I tried the cake but it wasn't very good 5. It's very beautiful there 6. I'm going to Jeanne's house tomorrow 7. The car is perfect 8. It isn't here; it's there 9. What time is the train for Paris? 10. What do you want to do today?

1. Qu’achètes-tu pour Marie? / Qu’achetez-vous pour Marie? 2. Il est deux heures et demie 3. Vont-ils faire une réservation? 4. J’ai essayé le gâteau mais il n’était pas très bon 5. C’est très beau là 6. Je vais chez Jeanne demain 7. La voiture est parfaite 8. Ce n’est pas ici; c’est là 9. À quelle heure est le train pour Paris? 10. Que veux-tu faire aujourd’hui? / Que voulez-vous faire aujourd’hui?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Que vas-tu prendre avec toi? 2. La télévision ne marche pas 3. J’attends le bus depuis une heure 4. Va-t-il changer la réservation? 5. Que puis-je boire? 6. C’est combien une chambre pour deux personnes pour quatre nuits? 7. Je l’ai fait maintenant 8. Puis-je avoir deux sacs, s’il vous plaît? 9. Je ne vais pas prendre un taxi 10. Aujourd’hui c’est le premier mai

1. What are you going to take with you? 2. The television doesn't work 3. I've been waiting for the bus for an hour 4. Is he going to change the reservation? 5. What can I drink? 6. How much is a room for two people for four nights? 7. I've done it now 8. Can I have two bags, please? 9. I'm not going to take a taxi 10. Today is the 1st May

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. that … 2. better than 3. this … 4. the best 5. this 6. better 7. that

1. ce …-là 2. meilleur que 3. ce …-ci 4. le meilleur 5. ceci 6. meilleur 7. cela

LESSON 82 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? better better than the best this … that … this one that one If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In the last lesson, we spoke about how to say “better than”. But, what if you want to say something like “bigger than” or “smaller than”? Well, this is what we’re going to learn about in this lesson. These are called “comparatives” and they’ll allow you to compare things. So, here’s how you form the comparative in French:

plus … (que) It means “more … (than)” You pronounce it “ploo (keugh)”

How would you say this in French?

This wine is more delicious than that wine.

This wine is more delicious than that wine. Ce vin-ci est plus délicieux que ce vinlà.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s more interesting today.

I think it’s more interesting today. Pour moi, c’est plus intéressant aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is more beautiful than Jeanne.

Marie is more beautiful than Jeanna. Marie est plus belle que Jeanne.

Comparatives In English, to form a comparative, the general is this (of course, there are always exceptions):

If it’s two syllables or fewer, add -er If it’s three syllables o more, use “more” 2 syllables or fewer big – bigger small – smaller old – older pretty – prettier funny – funnier tall – taller short – shorter young – younger green – greener

3 syllables or more beautiful – more beautiful delicious – more delicious expensive – more expensive extraordinary – more extraordinary interesting – more interesting intelligent – more intelligent trustworthy – more trustworthy exciting – more exciting In French, no matter how many syllables a word has, the comparative rule is always the same. Just put the word “plus” in front of it. “Plus” means “more”: plus grand – bigger (literally: more big) plus beau – more beautiful plus délicieux – more delicious

plus extraordinaire – more extraordinary plus intelligent – more intelligent plus petit – smaller (literally: more small) plus jeune – younger (literally: more young) plus cher – more expensive

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is bigger than Paul.

Pierre is bigger than Paul. Pierre est plus grand que Paul.

How would you say this in French?

I am younger than you.

I am younger than you. Je suis plus jeune que toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

This car is smaller than that car.

This car is smaller than that car. Cette voiture-ci est plus petite que cette voiture-là.

How would you say this in French?

This bottle is more expensive than that bottle.

This bottle is more expensive than that bottle. Cette bouteille-ci est plus chère que cette bouteille-là. *the feminine version of “cher” is “chère”, so it not only gets an ‘e’ on the end, but the ‘e’ in the middle gets an accent on it

How would you say this in French?

I wonder if this is a lot more expensive than that.

I wonder if this is a lot more expensive than that. Je me demande si ceci est beaucoup plus cher que cela.

How would you say this in French?

I am three years younger than you.

I am three years younger than you. Je suis trois ans plus jeune que toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

Sophie is more intelligent than Marco.

Sophie is more intelligent than Marco. Sophie est plus intelligente que Marco.

How would you say this in French?

The film yesterday was funnier than the film last week.

The film yesterday was funnier than the film last week. Le film hier était plus drôle que le film la semaine dernière.

How would you say this in French?

I think French is more difficult than English.

I think French is more difficult than English. Pour moi, le franҫais est plus difficile que l’anglais.

And here’s the opposite of “plus … que”:

moins … (que) It means “less … (than)” You pronounce it “mwan (keugh)”

How would you say this in French?

Calais is less expensive than Paris.

Calais is less expensive than Paris. Calais est moins cher que Paris.

How would you say this in French?

The car is less quick than the train.

The car is less quick than the train. La voiture est moins rapide que le train.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is less intelligent than Michel.

Pierre is less intelligent than Michel. Pierre est moins intelligent que Michel.

How would you say this in French?

I have less money than you.

I have less money than you. J’ai moins d’argent que toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

This is less important than that.

This is less important than that. Ceci est moins important que cela.

This next word is the opposite of “meilleur” (better):

pire It means “worse” You pronounce it “peer”

How would you say this in French?

It’s worse here.

It’s worse here. C’est pire ici.

How would you say this in French?

The food is worse here.

The food is worse here. La nourriture est pire ici.

How would you say this in French?

The wine is always worse here.

The wine is always worse here. Le vin est toujours pire ici.

How would you say this in French?

Everything is worse here.

Everything is worse here. Tout est pire ici.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s worse.

I think it’s worse. Pour moi, c’est pire.

WORD LIST SO FAR plus … (que) – more … (than) moins … (que) – less … (than) pire – worse

We can do the same thing with “pire” as we did with “meilleur”:

pire que It means “worse than” You pronounce it “peer keugh”

How would you say this in French?

The cheese here is worse than the cheese there.

The cheese here is worse than the cheese there. Le fromage ici est pire que le fromage là.

How would you say this in French?

I think the chicken is worse than the turkey.

I think the chicken is worse than the turkey. Pour moi, le poulet est pire que la dinde.

How would you say this in French?

Is the wine worse or better in Paris?

Is the wine worse or better in Paris? Est-ce que le vin est pire ou meilleur à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

The food is worse here than there.

The food is worse here than there. La nourriture est pire ici que là.

How would you say this in French?

That hotel was worse than this hotel.

That hotel was worse than this hotel. Cet hôtel-là était pire que cet hôtel-ci.

How would you say this in French?

The train was worse than the plane.

The train was worse than the plane. Le train était pire que l’avion.

WORD LIST SO FAR plus … (que) – more … (than) moins … (que) – less … (than) pire – worse pire que – worse than

In the last lesson, we learnt that “meilleur” means “better” and then “le meilleur” means “the best”. Well, since “pire” means “worse”, you might be able to work out what this means:

le pire It means “the worst” You pronounce it “leugh peer”

How would you say this in French?

This wine is the worst.

This wine is the worst. Ce vin-ci est le pire.

How would you say this in French?

That cheese is the worst.

That cheese is the worst. Ce fromage-là est le pire.

How would you say this in French?

Today (it) is the worst.

Today is the worst. Aujourd’hui c’est le pire.

How would you say this in French?

Yesterday (it) was the worst.

Yesterday was the worst. Hier c’était le pire.

How would you say this in French?

Which one is the worst?

Which one is the worst? Quel est le pire?

How would you say this in French?

The food here is the worst.

The food here is the worst. La nourriture ici est la pire.

the worst Just like with eve, grything else in French, when you use “le pire”, it has to agree with whatever it is describing. Because “pire” already ends in the letter “e” it doesn’t change at all when you talk about something feminine. In the plural, though, it does gain an extra “s”:

le pire – masculine singular la pire – feminine singular les pires – masculine plural les pires – feminine plural

How would you say this in French?

The holidays this year were the worst.

The holidays this year were the worst. Les vacances cette année étaient les pires.

How would you say this in French?

It was the worst thing that I saw.

It was the worst thing that I saw. C’était la pire chose que j’ai vu.

How would you say this in French?

The best thing in Paris was the wine but the worst thing was the tea.

The best thing in Paris was the wine but the worst thing was the tea. La meilleure chose à Paris était le vin mais la pire chose était le thé.

How would you say this in French?

I think this one is the worst.

I think this one is the worst. Pour moi, ceci est le pire.

How would you say this in French?

The food is terrible there but it isn’t the worst restaurant.

The food is terrible there but it isn’t the worst restaurant. La nourriture est terrible là mais il n’est pas le pire restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

The wine here is the worst.

The wine here is the worst. Le vin ici est le pire.

WORD LIST SO FAR plus … (que) – more … (than) moins … (que) – less … (than) pire – worse pire que – worse than le pire – the worst

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Which one is bigger? This one is louder than that one The food here is less expensive than the food there This one is the worst Marie is taller than Pierre The train is faster than the car The film yesterday was worse than this film but the two films are terrible 8. Pierre spoke more slowly than Sophie but Sophie's French was clearer 9. That car is more expensive than my house! 10. My room is smaller than Marco's room

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Quel est plus grand? Ceci est plus bruyant que cela La nourriture ici est moins chère que la nourriture là Ceci est le pire Marie est plus grande que Pierre Le train est plus vite / plus rapide que la voiture Le film hier était pire que ce film mais les deux films sont terribles 8. Pierre a parlé plus lentement que Sophie mais le français de Sophie était plus clair 9. Cette voiture-là est plus chère que ma maison! 10. Ma chambre est plus petite que la chambre de Marco

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Je pars plus tôt que toi Les enfants sont plus bruyants aujourd’hui J’habite plus près de Marie que Sophie J’ai bu moins de vin que toi mais je me sens terrible maintenant Il a acheté plus que moi C’est plus calme ici que c’était là Le dîner était plus délicieux que le déjeuner On m’a dit que ceci est le pire film de l’année Est-ce que c’est meilleur ou pire? Michel était beaucoup plus fatigué que moi

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I'm leaving earlier than you The children are noisier today I live nearer to Marie than Sophie I drank less wine than you but I feel terrible now He bought more than me It's calmer here than it was there Dinner was more delicious than lunch I've heard that this is the worst film of the year Is it better or worse? Michel was a lot more tired than me

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I'm sorry but it's damaged I think it's fantastic It's ninety euros for two nights Where is the key for my room? Do you live here in Paris? That isn't good for him The heating doesn't work I wonder what she's doing here today Was the food good at the restaurant yesterday? Good evening, I would like a table for two, please

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Je suis désolé mais c’est endommagé Pour moi, c’est fantastique C’est quatre quatre-vingt-dix euros pour deux nuits Où est la clé pour ma chambre? Habites-tu à Paris? / Habitez-vous à Paris? Ҫa ce n’est pas bon pour lui Le chauffage ne marche pas Je me demande ce qu’elle fait ici aujourd’hui La nourriture était-elle bonne au restaurant hier? Bonsoir, je voudrais une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Veuillez venir avec moi, s’il vous plaît 2. Je parle anglais mais je viens d’Allemagne 3. Qui devons-nous appeler? 4. Je voudrais louer cette voiture-là 5. Je ne vais pas prendre le déjeuner au restaurant 6. Où sont mes chaussures? 7. Vas-tu chez Jeanne ce soir? 8. Je l’ai vue hier à Marseille 9. Veux-tu l’essayer? 10. Ils vont tout faire demain

1. Come with me, please 2. I speak English but I come from Germany 3. Whom do we have to call? 4. I would like to hire that car 5. I'm not going to have lunch at the restaurant 6. Where are my shoes? 7. Are you going to Jeanne's house tonight? 8. I saw her yesterday in Marseille 9. Do you want to try it? 10. They're going to do everything tomorrow

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. better 2. worse than 3. this 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

the best more … (than) worse less … (than) this … that …

10. that 11. the worst

12. better than

1. meilleur 2. pire que 3. ceci 4. le meilleur 5. plus … (que) 6. pire 7. moins … (que) 8. ce …-ci 9. ce …-là 10. cela 11. le pire 12. meilleur que

LESSON 83 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? more … than bigger smaller more delicious less … than worse (than) the worst If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In this lesson, we’re going to learn how to talk about the weather. So, here’s your first phrase:

il fait beau It means “it’s nice out” You pronounce it “eel fay bohw”

il fait… Whenever you want to talk about the weather in French, you usually use “il fait…” to mean “it is…” For example, "il fait beau" can be used to mean "it is nice out” or “it is beautiful out”. The phrase “il fait” literally means "he makes”. The reason we say “he” is because the weather (le temps) is a masculine noun. Because we say “fait”, which means “makes”, when we say “il fait beau”, we’re literally saying “he’s making beautiful”! Obviously, this is nothing like what we say in English; we tend to just say “it is … out” il fait beau – it’s beautiful out il fait chaud – it’s hot out il fait froid – it’s cold out You only ever use “il fait” in this way when you’re referring to the weather. If you want to say something like your soup or your coffee is cold, then you can just say “le café est froid”.

How would you say this in French?

It’s nice out.

It’s nice out. Il fait beau.

How would you say this in French?

It’s nice out today.

It's nice out today. Il fait beau aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very beautiful out in Paris today.

It’s very beautiful out in Paris today. Il fait très beau à Paris aujourd’hui.

Here’s another word you can put on the end of “il fait” to talk about the weather:

chaud It means “hot” or “warm” You pronounce it “shohw”

How would you say this in French?

It’s warm out today.

It’s warm out today. Il fait chaud aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s warm out.

It’s warm out. Il fait chaud.

See if you can work out how to say this next sentence. You can make the phrase “il fait” negative in the same way as you do normally:

It isn’t warm out today.

It isn’t warm out today. Il ne fait pas chaud aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very hot out.

It's very hot out. Il fait très chaud.

How would you say this in French?

I hope it’s warm tomorrow.

I hope it’s warm tomorrow. J’espère qu’il fait beau demain.

How would you say this in French?

I like Spain, but it’s too hot over there.

I like Spain, but it’s too hot over there. J’aime l’Espagne, mais il fait trop chaud là-bas.

How would you say this in French?

I think it’s too hot today.

I think it’s too hot today. Pour moi, il fait trop chaud aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I’m taking my coat because it isn’t very warm out.

I’m taking my coat because it isn’t very warm out. Je prends mon manteau parce qu’il ne fait pas très chaud aujourd’hui.

So, the word “chaud” means “hot” or “warm”, and here is the opposite:

froid It means “cold” You pronounce it “fwah”

How would you say this in French?

It’s cold out today.

It's cold out today. Il fait froid aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very cold out.

It's very cold out. Il fait très froid.

How would you say this in French?

It’s quite cold out today.

It’s quite cold out today. Il fait assez froid aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to go to the beach; it’s too cold out for me.

I don’t want to go to the beach today; it’s too cold out for me. Je ne veux pas aller à la plage aujourd’hui; il fait trop froid pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

It’s nice out in England today, but it’s cold here in Paris.

It’s nice out in England today, but it’s cold here in Paris. Il fait beau en Angleterre aujourd’hui, mais il fait froid ici à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very cold in France in December.

It’s very cold in France in December. Il fait très froid en France en décembre. *Instead of saying "en décembre”, there is another nice phrase you’ll hear quite a lot in French: “au mois de décembre”. It literally means “in the month of December”, and you can put “au mois de” in front of any of the months as an alternative to just using “en”

How would you say this in French?

It’s warm in England in July, but in October, it’s cold.

It’s warm in England in July, but in October, it’s cold. Il fait chaud en Angleterre au mois de juillet, mais au mois d’octobre, il fait froid.

How would you say this in French?

It’s cold out tomorrow.

It’s cold out tomorrow. Il fait froid demain.

How would you say this in French?

I hope it’s not too cold out today.

I hope it’s not too cold out today. J’espère qu’il ne fait pas trop froid aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s always cold in Paris in December.

It’s always cold in Paris in December. Il fait toujours froid à Paris au mois de décembre.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to go to the park because it’s too cold for me.

I don’t want to go to the park because it’s too cold for me. Je ne veux pas aller au parc parce qu’il fait trop froid pour moi.

Here’s another useful word that you can use with “il fait” to talk about the weather:

soleil It means “sunny” You pronounce it “soh-lay”

How would you say this in French?

It’s sunny out today.

It’s sunny out today. Il fait soleil aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s sunny out in Marseille.

It’s sunny out in Marseille. Il fait soleil à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

I hope it’s sunny out tomorrow.

I hope it’s sunny out tomorrow. J’espère qu’il fait soleil demain.

Here’s your next weather-related phrase, although it’s not as pleasant as “soleil”:

du vent It means “windy” You pronounce it “doo von”

How would you say this in French?

It’s windy out today.

It’s windy out today. Il fait du vent aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

It’s windy in France today.

It’s windy in France today. Il fait du vent en France aujourd’hui.

sunny & windy When you’re talking about the weather being “sunny” or “windy”, you can actually choose to use either “il fait” or “il y a”. The phrase “du vent” always has the word “du” in front of it: il fait du vent – it’s windy out il y a du vent – it’s windy out (literally: there is wind) The word “soleil”, however, also gets a “du” in front of it if you use it with the phrase “il y a”, but not if you use “il fait”. il fait soleil – it’s sunny out il y a du soleil – it’s sunny out (literally: there is sun) So, when you use the phrase “il y a”, you’re literally saying “there is wind” or “there is sun”. The choice between “il fait” and “il y a” is completely up to you. Depending on where you are in France or the French-speaking world, you’ll hear some people using “il fait” more or other people using “il y a” more. This is only with “du vent” and “soleil”. With the other weather terms we’ve learnt so far (beau, chaud, froid), you always just use “il fait”. Having spoken to many French people about the choice between “il fait” and “il y a”, I’ve come to learn that there’s hardly any difference between “il y a du vent” and “il fait du vent”, but most people I spoke to said they felt “il y a du soleil” is more conversational, and “il fait soleil” sounds quite poetic.

How would you say this in French?

It’s sunny here in Paris this morning.

It’s sunny here in Paris this morning. Il fait soleil ici à Paris ce matin. / Il y a du soleil à Paris ce matin.

How would you say this in French?

It’s windy at the beach.

It’s windy at the beach. Il fait du vent à la plage. / Il y a du vent à la plage.

How would you say this in French?

It’s always windy here in March.

It’s always windy here in March. Il y a toujours du vent au mois de mars. / Il fait toujours du vent au mois de mars.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to walk to the shops because it’s cold and it’s windy.

I don’t want to walk to the shops because it’s cold and it’s windy. Je ne veux pas aller à pied aux magasins parce qu’il fait froid et il y a du vent. / Je ne veux pas aller à pied aux magasins parce qu’il fait froid et il fait du vent.

How would you say this in French?

I hope it’s nice out.

I hope it’s nice out. J’espère qu’il fait beau.

How would you say this in French?

I hope it’s sunny out tomorrow.

I hope it’s sunny out tomorrow. J’espère qu’il fait soleil demain. / J’espère qu’il y a du soleil demain.

Weather terms We’ve learnt a small handful of weather-related terms, so far in this lesson. However, I’ve put a lot more in a Vocabulary Expansion Section for you to muse at your leisure. We haven’t finished the lesson yet, though, so we’ll add a few more words and phrases before the end.

WORD LIST SO FAR il fait beau – it’s nice out chaud – hot / warm froid – cold au mois de – in the month of soleil – sunny du vent – windy il fait soleil / il y a du soleil – it’s sunny out il fait du vent / il y a du vent – it’s windy out

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It’s sunny out tomorrow I hope it’s warm in Paris tomorrow It’s nice out in France but it’s cold in England It’s cold today I wonder if it’s sunny out in Marseille today Do you know if it’s windy out tomorrow? In the month of January, it’s always cold in France I have to go to London this week but it’s very cold It isn’t windy but it’s very cold We’re going to spend the holidays abroad where it’s warm

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Il fait soleil demain. / Il y a du soleil demain J’espère qu’il fait chaud à Paris demain Il fait beau en France mais il froid en Angleterre Il fait froid aujourd’hui Je me demande s’il fait soleil / s’il y a du soleil à Marseille aujourd’hui 6. Savez-vous s’il fait du vent / s’il y a du vent demain? 7. Au mois de janvier, fait toujours froid en France 8. Je dois aller à Londres cette semaine mais il fait très froid 9. Il ne fait pas de vent mais il fait très froid 10. Nous allons passer les vacances à l’étranger où il fait chaud

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Au mois de juillet, il fait très chaud en Espagne Je préfère quand il fait chaud J’aime aller à pied aux magasins quand il y a du soleil Il fait du vent Il fait beau aujourd’hui Il fait très beau aujourd’hui Nous allons là en train parce qu’il fait très froid et je ne veux pas aller là à pied 8. Je veux aller à la plage mais il fait très froid et il y a du vent 9. Il n’y a pas de soleil 10. Il fait trop chaud pour moi

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

In the month of July, it’s very hot in Spain I prefer when it’s warm out I like walking to the shops when it’s sunny out It’s windy out It’s nice out today It’s very nice out today We’re going there by train because it’s very cold out and I don’t want to walk there 8. I want to go to the beach but it’s very cold and windy out 9. It isn’t sunny out today 10. It’s too warm for me

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I’m not going to the restaurant now but I would like to go there later Don’t arrive too early Do you understand me? I’m going to the beach It’s quarter past eleven It’s seventy euros I’m choosing some wine for the table, but it’s difficult Yes, I’m going to Paris tomorrow I prefer the red coat My lunch is delicious

1. Je ne vais pas au restaurant maintenant mais je voudrais aller là plus tard 2. N’arrivez pas / N’arrive pas trop tôt 3. Me comprenez-vous? / Me comprends-tu? 4. Je vais à la plage 5. Il est onze heures et quart 6. C’est soixante-dix euros 7. Je choisis du vin pour la table, mais c’est difficile 8. Oui, je vais à Paris demain 9. Je préfère le manteau rouge 10. Mon déjeuner est délicieux?

1. Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Pourquoi voulait-il apporter cela avec lui? 2. Voulez-vous le changer? 3. Nous ne pouvons pas prendre le train parce qu’il est parti il y a cinq minutes 4. Dites tout lentement 5. Pas pour moi, merci 6. Où est le bord de mer? 7. Excusez-moi, je voudrais l’addition, s’il vous plaît 8. Je ne vais pas à la plage; je suis trop occupé 9. Comment dites-vous “car” en français? 10. Je voudrais trois cafés et deux thés, s’il vous plaît. C’est combien tout ça?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Why did he want to bring that with him? Do you want to change it? We can’t take the train because it left five minutes ago Say everything slowly Not for me, thank you Where is the seaside? Excuse me, I would like the bill, please I’m not going to the beach; I’m too busy How do you say “car” in French? I would like three coffees and two teas, please. How much is all that?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. the best 2. that 3. this 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

it's nice out cold it's windy out better it's sunny out hot / warm

10. sunny 11. worse than 12. less … (than) 13. that … 14. worse 15. this … 16. more … (than) 17. in the month of 18. the worst 19. windy 20. better than

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

le meilleur cela ceci il fait beau froid

6. il fait du vent / il y a du vent 7. meilleur 8. il fait soleil / il y a du soleil 9. chaud 10. soleil 11. pire que 12. moins … (que) 13. ce …-là 14. pire 15. ce …-ci 16. plus … (que) 17. au mois de 18. le pire 19. du vent 20. meilleur que

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons eighty-one to eighty-three of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons eighty-four to eighty-six, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 84 – 86 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 81-83”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 84 LESSON 85 LESSON 86 Merci

LESSON 84 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? it's nice out hot / warm cold in the month of sunny windy it’s sunny out it’s windy out If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In the last lesson, we learnt that you use the phrase “il fait” to mean “it is” when you’re talking about the weather. Well, if you want to talk about what the weather was like in the past, you can use this phrase:

il faisait It means “it was (insert weather term)” You pronounce it “eel feugh-zay”

il faisait… Whenever you want to talk about what the weather was like in the past, you use the phrase “il faisait…” to mean “it was…”. For example, “il faisait beau” means “it was nice out” or “it was beautiful out”. “Il faisait” literally means “it was making”, so when you’re talking about the weather, what you actually say is, “it was making beautiful” – “il faisait beau”.

il faisait beau it was beautiful out il faisait chaud it was hot out il faisait froid it was cold out You only ever use “il faisait” in this way when you’re referring to the weather. If you said, “c’était froid”, that means “it was cold” when you’re talking about anything else, e.g. your soup.

How would you say this in French?

It was nice out.

It was nice out. Il faisait beau.

How would you say this in French?

It was nice out yesterday.

It was nice out yesterday. Il faisait beau hier.

How would you say this in French?

It was warm out yesterday.

It was warm out yesterday. Il faisait chaud hier.

How would you say this in French?

It was very hot out.

It was very hot out. Il faisait très chaud.

How would you say this in French?

It was cold out last week.

It was cold out last week. Il faisait froid la semaine dernière.

How would you say this in French?

It was cold out yesterday.

It was cold out yesterday. Il faisait froid hier.

How would you say this in French?

It was nice out in England.

It was nice out in England. Il faisait beau en Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

It was cold out in France.

It was cold out in France. Il faisait froid en France.

How would you say this in French?

It was sunny out yesterday.

It was sunny out yesterday. Il faisait soleil hier.

How would you say this in French?

It was sunny in France.

It was sunny in France. Il faisait soleil en France.

How would you say this in French?

It was windy out last week.

It was windy out last week. Il faisait du vent la semaine dernière.

WORD LIST SO FAR il faisait – it was (referring to weather)

sunny & windy Now, remember in the last lesson, I said that with the two terms “(du) soleil” and “du vent”, you can either use “il fait” or “il y a” (remember that “il y a” literally means “there is”.

il fait soleil it’s sunny out il y a du soleil it’s sunny out (there is sun) il fait du vent it’s windy out il y a du vent it’s windy out (there is wind) Well, you now know that the past for “il fait” is “il faisait”, so what you need now is the past for “il y a”. il y avait The phrase “il y avait” literally means “there was”. So, you’ll literally be saying, “there was sun” or “there was wind”. I’ll reiterate: you can choose “il faisait” or “il y avait” when you’re talking about sun and wind. The choice is yours!

il faisait soleil it was sunny out il y avait du soleil it was sunny out (there was sun)

il faisait du vent it was windy out il y avait du vent it was windy out (there was wind)

How would you say this in French?

It was windy out.

It was windy out. Il faisait du vent. / Il y avait du vent.

How would you say this in French?

It was sunny out.

It was sunny out. Il faisait soleil. / Il y avait du soleil.

WORD LIST SO FAR il faisait – it was (referring to weather) il y avait – there was

il y a The phrase “il y a” (which means “there is”) can be used as an “infinitive carrier” (remember, those words that we’ve been using in some of the language structures we’ve been doing). Therefore, you’ll be able to use “il y a” to say such things as “there is a lot to eat” or “there is too much to do”. The only catch is that if you want to use “il y a” as infinitive carrier, you have to put the little word “à” in front of the infinitive.

il y a beaucoup à faire there is a lot to do il y a trop à manger there is too much to eat Similarly, you can also use “il y avait” (meaning “there was”) as an infinitive carrier, and again, you must pair it with the word “à”.

il y avait beaucoup à voir there was a lot to see il y avait beaucoup de personnes à voir there were lots of people to see

How would you say this in French?

There is a lot of food to eat.

There is a lot of food to eat. Il y a beaucoup de nourriture à manger.

How would you say this in French?

There was a lot to do.

There was a lot to do. Il y avait beaucoup à faire.

WORD LIST SO FAR il faisait – it was (referring to weather) il y avait – there was il y a … à – there is (as an infinitive carrier) il y avait … à – there was (as an infinitive carrier)

there is – there are there was – there were Just a quick note. In English, we have to change “there is” to “there are” if you’re talking about more than one thing: there is one dog here there are two dogs here Similarly, you have to change “there was” to “there were” there was one person there there were lots of people there In French, however, you always use “il y a” to mean both “there is” and “there are”

il y a une personne there is one person il y a deux personnes there are two people Also, you always use “il y avait” to mean both “there was” and “there were”

il y avait une personne there was one person il y avait deux personnes there were two people

How would you say this in French?

There were two bottles of wine and there was one bottle of water.

There were two bottles of wine and there was one bottle of water. Il y avait deux bouteilles de vin et il y avait une bouteille d’eau.

How would you say this in French?

There is a chicken and there are two turkeys.

There is a chicken and there are two turkeys. Il y a un poulet et il y a deux dindes.

How would you say this in French?

There is a cake to eat there.

There is a cake to eat there. Il y a un gâteau à manger là.

How would you say this in French?

There are three bottles of water to drink.

There are three bottles of water to drink. Il y a trois bouteilles d’eau à boire.

How would you say this in French?

There were lots of shops to visit.

There were lots of shops to visit. Il y avait beaucoup de magasins à visiter.

WORD LIST SO FAR il faisait – it was (referring to weather) il y a – there is / there are il y avait – there was / there were il y a … à – there is (as an infinitive carrier) il y avait … à – there was (as an infinitive carrier)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. It was warm out yesterday but today it’s cold 2. It was windy out but we went to the beach 3. There is a lot to finish 4. There wasn’t much food to eat 5. I went to the cinema and there were lots of good films to watch 6. There were lots of delicious wines to try at the restaurant 7. There was a lot to do yesterday but it was cold out 8. I wanted to go to the beach but it was too cold 9. There were three good shops to visit 10. It was sunny out but I stay at home

1. Il faisait chaud hier mais aujourd’hui il fait froid 2. Il faisait du vent / il y avait du vent mais nous sommes allés à la plage 3. Il y a beaucoup à finir 4. Il n’y avait pas beaucoup de nourriture à manger 5. Je suis allé au cinéma et il y avait beaucoup de bons films à regarder 6. Il y avait beaucoup de vins délicieux à essayer au restaurant 7. Il y avait beaucoup à faire hier mais il faisait froid 8. Je voulais aller à la plage mais il faisait trop froid 9. Il y avait trois bons magasins à visiter 10. Il faisait soleil / Il y avait du soleil mais je suis resté chez moi

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Il fait du vent / Il y a du vent aujourd’hui, mais hier il faisait soleil / il y avait du soleil 2. Il y avait trop de nourriture à manger 3. Il n’y avait pas assez de magasins à visiter 4. Il faisait beau mais il n’y avait pas assez de temps 5. Il faisait chaud à Paris la semaine dernière mais cette semaine il fait froid 6. Je suis allé en vacances en Espagne l’année dernière mais il faisait très froid 7. J’ai visité Marie mais nous ne sommes pas allés à la plage parce qu’il faisait du vent / il y avait du vent 8. Il faisait soleil / Il y avait du soleil à Londres hier 9. Il y avait cinq personnes au restaurant 10. Il y avait huit musées à visiter

1. It’s windy today but yesterday it was sunny 2. There was too much food to eat 3. There weren’t enough shops to visit 4. It was nice out but there wasn’t enough time 5. It was warm in Paris last week but this week it’s cold 6. I went on holiday to Spain last year but it was very cold 7. I visited Marie but we didn’t go to the beach because it was windy 8. It was sunny in London yesterday 9. There were five people at the restaurant 10. There were eight museums to visit

1. What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. Are you going to hire a car? 2. Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here? 3. I would like a room with a balcony, please 4. I’m not going to eat here today 5. It’s extraordinary 6. Has Marie finished everything? 7. How much is it for three months? 8. Do you have this car in green? 9. Are you going to Paris now? 10. It’s quite difficult to understand French

1. Allez-vous / Vas-tu louer une voiture? 2. Excusez-moi, c’est combien une bouteille de vin ici? 3. Je voudrais une chambre avec un balcon, s’il vous plaît 4. Je ne vais pas manger ici aujourd’hui 5. C’est extraordinaire 6. Marie a-t-elle tout fini? 7. C’est combien pour trois mois? 8. Avez-vous cette voiture en vert? 9. Allez-vous / Vas-tu à Paris maintenant? 10. C’est assez difficile de comprendre le français

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Tu bois beaucoup de vin ce soir 2. Je vais le faire plus tard 3. C’est trop grand 4. Je vais prendre du fromage plus tard 5. Où vas-tu prendre le dîner ce soir? 6. Pour aller chez le pharmacien? 7. Voulez-vous essayer ce restaurant demain? 8. La clé ne marche pas 9. Je voudrais l’addition s’il vous plaît 10. Je la comprends

1. You’re drinking a lot of wine tonight 2. I’m going to do it later 3. It’s too big 4. I’m going to have some cheese later 5. Where are you going to have dinner tonight? 6. How do I get to the chemist’s? 7. Do you want to try this restaurant tomorrow? 8. The key doesn’t work 9. I would like the bill, please 10. I understand her

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. this … 2. less … (than) 3. that … 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

it's nice out it was (referring to weather) that worse better than the worst

10. more … (than) 11. it's sunny out 12. there was / there were 13. better 14. this 15. there is / there are 16. in the month of 17. windy 18. worse than 19. sunny 20. cold 21. hot / warm 22. the best

23. it's windy out

1. ce …-ci 2. moins … (que) 3. ce …-là 4. il fait beau 5. il faisait 6. cela 7. pire 8. meilleur que 9. le pire 10. plus … (que) 11. il fait soleil / il y a du soleil 12. il y avait 13. meilleur 14. ceci 15. il y a 16. au mois de 17. du vent 18. pire que 19. soleil 20. froid 21. chaud 22. le meilleur 23. il fait du vent / il y a du vent

LESSON 85 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? it was nice out it was sunny it was windy there was there is (as an infinitive carrier) there was (as an infinitive carrier) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

We’ve already learnt that the word “chaud” means “hot”. You can use it with ‘il fait” to talk about the weather being hot or warm. However, if you want to say “I am hot”, the French have a slightly unusual way of doing this…

j'ai chaud It means “I am hot” But literally, this means “I have hot” You pronounce it “jshay shohw”

I have hot? So, in French, if you want to say “I am hot” in the sense that there is too much heat and you’re sweltering, you have to say literally, “I have hot”, which is, “j’ai chaud”. If you said, “je suis chaud”, which would be the obvious literal translation of “I am hot”, it can have a slightly… ahem… sexual connotation. So, always just say, “j’ai chaud” to mean, “I’m hot”. Similarly, if you want to say, “are you hot?” then you would ask “have you hot?”, which is “avez-vous chaud?”

j'ai chaud I’m hot (literally: I have hot) avez-vous chaud? are you hot? (literally: have you hot?) nous avons chaud we are hot (literally: we have hot) Actually, you’ll start to notice (especially in this lesson as it’s what I’m going to talk about) that the French use “I have” (j’ai) a lot when we would tend to use “I am” in English.

How would you say this in French?

I’m hot.

I’m hot. J’ai chaud.

How would you say this in French?

I’m very hot.

I’m very hot. J’ai très chaud.

For this one, you will need to know the word for “the window”, which is “la fenêtre”. How would you say this in French?

Can I open the window because I’m very hot?

Can I open the window because I’m very hot? Puis-je ouvrir la fenêtre parce que j’ai très chaud?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot)

How would you say this in French?

Are you hot?

Are you hot? Avez-vous chaud? / As-tu chaud?

How would you say this in French?

I can open the window if you are hot.

I can open the window if you’re hot. Je peux ouvrir la fenêtre si vous avez / tu as chaud.

With French logic now in your head, you’ve probably realised that if you want to say “I’m cold”, it’s a little different, too…

j'ai froid It means “I am cold” But literally, this means “I have cold” You pronounce it “jshay fwah”

How would you say this in French?

I’m very cold.

I’m very cold. J’ai très froid.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is cold.

Pierre is cold. Pierre a froid.

How would you say this in French?

We aren’t cold.

We aren’t cold. Nous n’avons pas froid.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold)

How would you say this in French?

Are you cold?

Are you cold? As-tu froid? / Avez-vous froid?

How would you say this in French?

If you’re cold, I can close the window.

If you’re cold, I can close the window. Si tu as / vous avez froid, je peux fermer la fenêtre.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to go to the beach; it’s windy and I’m cold.

I don’t want to go to the beach; it’s windy and I’m cold. Je ne veux pas aller à la plage; il fait du vent et j’ai froid. / Je ne veux pas aller à la plage; il y a du vent et j’ai froid.

How would you say this in French?

Sophie is cold but Pierre is hot.

Sophie is cold but Pierre is hot. Sophie a froid mais Pierre a chaud.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t like eating ice cream when I’m cold.

I don’t like eating ice cream when I’m cold. Je n’aime pas manger de la glace quand j’ai froid.

How would you say this in French?

Are you too hot or are you too cold?

Are you too hot or are you too cold? As-tu trop chaud ou as-tu trop froid? / Avez-vous trop chaud ou avez-vous trop froid?

Another word you would say “I have” with instead of “I am” in French is “hungry”:

j'ai faim It means “I’m hungry” It literally means “I have hunger” You pronounce it “jshay fan(g)”

How would you say this in French?

Are you hungry?

Are you hungry? As-tu faim? / Avez-vous faim?

How would you say this in French?

I’m very hungry, I want to eat something.

I’m very hungry, I want to eat something. J’ai très faim, je veux manger quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

We are hungry.

We are hungry. Nous avons faim.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger)

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you hungry?

Aren’t you hungry? N’as-tu pas faim? / N’avez-vous pas faim?

How would you say this in French?

If you’re hungry, we have lots of food.

If you’re hungry, we have lots of food. Si tu as / vous avez faim, nous avons beaucoup de nourriture.

Here’s another “j’ai” word:

j'ai soif It means “I’m thirsty” It literally means “I have thirst” You pronounce it “jshay swaf”

How would you say this in French?

Are you thirsty?

Are you thirsty? As-tu soif? / Avez-vous soif?

How would you say this in French?

I’m very thirsty, I want to drink something.

I’m very thirsty, I want to drink something. J’ai très soif, je veux boire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

We are thirsty.

We are thirsty. Nous avons soif.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not thirsty now, but I would like to take a bottle of water for the beach.

I’m not thirsty now, but I would like to take a bottle of water to the beach. Je n’ai pas soif maintenant, mais je voudrais prendre une bouteille d’eau à la plage.

How would you say this in French?

Tea is perfect for when you’re thirsty.

Tea is perfect for when you’re thirsty. Le thé est parfait pour quand tu as soif. / Le thé est parfait pour quand vous avez soif.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst)

Here's yet another “j’ai” word:

j'ai peur It means “I’m scared” Literally, it means “I have fear” You pronounce it “jshay peughr”

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared.

I’m scared. J’ai peur.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not scared.

I’m not scared. Je n’ai pas peur.

How would you say this in French?

Marie and Pierre are scared.

Marie and Pierre are scared. Marie et Pierre ont peur.

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you scared?

Aren’t you scared? N’as-tu pas peur? / N’avez-vous pas peur?

How would you say this in French?

I’m always scared.

I’m always scared. J’ai toujours peur.

How would you say this in French?

Why are you scared?

Why are you scared? Pourquoi as-tu peur? / Pourquoi avez-vous peur?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst) j'ai peur – I’m scared (I have fear)

You can add a little “de” to “peur” and you get this:

j'ai peur de It means “I’m scared of” You pronounce it “jshay peughr deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of Pierre.

I’m scared of Pierre. J’ai peur de Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of planes.

I’m scared of planes. J’ai peur des avions.

scared of the planes When you want to use “peur de” with a noun on the end, generally, you will have to use the word for “the” as well. Remember:

de + le = du de + les = des j’ai peur des avions I’m scared of planes (I’m scared of the planes) j’ai peur des chiens I’m scared of dogs (I’m scared of the dogs) j’ai peur du fromage I’m scared of cheese (I’m scared of the cheese)

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of dogs.

I’m scared of dogs. J’ai peur des chiens.

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of cats.

I’m scared of cats. J’ai peur des chats.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst) j'ai peur – I’m scared (I have fear) j'ai peur de – I’m scared of

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of children.

I’m scared of children. J’ai peur des enfants.

How would you say this in French?

Are you scared of me?

Are you scared of me? As-tu peur de moi? / Avez-vous peur de moi?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you scared of Sophie?

Why are you scared of Sophie? Pourquoi as-tu peur de Sophie? / Pourquoi avez-vous peur de Sophie?

You’ll need the word for “birds” for this one, which is “oiseaux”. So, how would you say this in French?

Pierre is scared of birds.

Pierre is scared of birds. Pierre a peur des oiseaux.

How would you say this in French?

She isn’t scared of birds.

She isn’t scared of birds. Elle n’a pas peur des oiseaux.

What are you scared of? If you want to say something like, “What are you scared of?” in French, you literally have to say, “Of what are you scared?”. To say, “of what”, you have to say, “de quoi”. De quoi as-tu peur? What are you scared of? (Of what are you scared?) We will learn more about why this is in a later lesson, but for now, just know that the usual word for “what” (que) becomes “quoi” when you place it after a preposition. The word “de” is a preposition, so if you want to say, “of what”, you say, “de quoi”. This is actually where the word “pourquoi” comes from. It used to be “pour quoi”, which means “for what”. In English, we can say “why” or “what for”: Why are you here? – What are you here for? Why is he doing that? – What is he doing that for? Why are they there? – What are they there for? In French, “why” or “for what” are both “pourquoi”.

How would you say this in French?

What are you scared of?

What are you scared of? De quoi as-tu peur? / De quoi avez-vous peur?

How would you say this in French?

What are they scared of?

What are they scared of? De quoi ont-ils peur? / De quoi ont-elles peur?

How would you say this in French?

What is he scared of?

What is he scared of? De quoi a-t-il peur?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst) j'ai peur – I’m scared (I have fear) j'ai peur de – I’m scared of de quoi as-tu peur? – what are you scared of?

scared of speaking French In English, if you want to put a verb after the phrase “I’m scared of”, the verb has to be used with an -ing on the end. I’m scared of flyING I’m scared of goING to France I’m scared of doING the wrong thing In French, however, you just use the normal infinitive of the verb after the phrase “j’ai peur de”

j'ai peur d’aller en France I’m scared of going to France (literally: “I’m scared of to go to France”)

j'ai peur de parler français I’m scared of speaking French (literally: “I’m scared of to speak French”)

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of saying it.

I’m scared of saying it. J’ai peur de le dire.

How would you say this in French?

I’m not scared of doing that.

I’m not scared of doing that. Je n’ai pas peur de faire cela.

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of speaking French.

I’m scared of speaking French. J’ai peur de parler français.

How would you say this in French?

Why are you scared of doing that?

Why are you scared of doing that? Pourquoi as-tu / avez-vous peur de faire ça?

How would you say this in French?

The children are scared of trying French food.

The children are scared of trying French food. Les enfants ont peur d’essayer la nourriture française.

How would you say this in French?

Is Marie scared of driving?

Is Marie scared of driving? Marie a-t-elle peur de conduire?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst) j'ai peur – I’m scared (I have fear) j'ai peur de – I’m scared of de quoi as-tu peur? – what are you scared of?

Here’s another “j’ai” word:

j'ai raison It means “I’m right” It literally means “I have reason” You pronounce it “jshay ray-zon”

How would you say this in French?

I’m right.

I’m right. J’ai raison.

How would you say this in French?

You are right.

You are right. Tu as raison. / Vous avez raison.

How would you say this in French?

We are right.

We are right. Nous avons raison.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst) j'ai peur – I’m scared (I have fear) j'ai peur de – I’m scared of de quoi as-tu peur? – what are you scared of? j'ai raison – I’m right (I have right)

How would you say this in French?

He isn’t right.

He isn’t right. Il n’a pas raison.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder if she’s right.

I wonder if she’s right. Je me demande si elle a raison.

And here is your final “j’ai” word for this lesson:

j'ai tort It means “I’m wrong” It literally means “I have wrong” You pronounce it “jshay taw”

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is wrong.

Pierre is wrong. Pierre a tort.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is wrong.

Marie is wrong. Marie a tort.

How would you say this in French?

You’re not wrong.

You’re not wrong. Tu n’as pas tort. / Vous n’avez pas tort.

How would you say this in French?

They aren’t wrong.

They aren’t wrong. Ils n’ont pas tort.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst) j'ai peur – I’m scared (I have fear) j'ai peur de – I’m scared of de quoi as-tu peur? – what are you scared of? j'ai raison – I’m right (I have right) j'ai tort – I’m wrong (I have wrong)

Avoir You can use any form of “have” with all the “j’ai” words we’ve been learning in this lesson. The verb “to have” in French is “avoir”. Let’s have a quick recap of it in the present tense: avoir – to have j’ai – I have tu as – you have il a – he has elle a – she has nous avons – we have vous avez – you have ils ont – they have

How would you say this in French?

I’m hot.

I’m hot. J’ai chaud.

How would you say this in French?

We’re hot.

We’re hot. Nous avons chaud.

How would you say this in French?

She’s cold.

She’s cold. Elle a froid.

How would you say this in French?

They’re cold.

They’re cold. Ils ont froid.

How would you say this in French?

We’re hungry.

We’re hungry. Nous avons faim.

How would you say this in French?

They are hungry.

They are hungry. Ils ont faim.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is thirsty.

Marie is thirsty. Marie a soif.

How would you say this in French?

We’re not thirsty.

We’re not thirsty. Nous n’avons pas soif.

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared.

I’m scared. J’ai peur.

How would you say this in French?

I’m scared of children.

I’m scared of children. J’ai peur des enfants.

How would you say this in French?

He’s right.

He’s right. Il a raison.

How would you say this in French?

We’re right.

We’re right. Nous avons raison.

How would you say this in French?

They’re wrong.

They’re wrong. Ils ont tort.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre is wrong.

Pierre is wrong. Pierre a tort.

Avoir Remember that you can rearrange any form of “avoir” into the negative and also into a question: POSITIVE

VOUS AVEZ you have NEGATIVE

VOUS N’AVEZ PAS you don’t have POSITIVE QUESTION

AVEZ-VOUS? do you have? NEGATIVE QUESTION

N’AVEZ-VOUS PAS? don't you have?

How would you say this in French?

I’m not hot.

I’m not hot. Je n’ai pas chaud.

How would you say this in French?

Are you hot?

Are you hot? As-tu chaud? / Avez-vous chaud?

How would you say this in French?

She isn’t cold.

She isn’t cold. Elle n’a pas froid.

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t they cold?

Aren’t they cold? N’ont-ils pas froid?

How would you say this in French?

Is he hungry?

Is he hungry? A-t-il faim?

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t he hungry?

Isn’t he hungry? N’a-t-il pas faim?

How would you say this in French?

Is Marie thirsty?

Is Marie thirsty? Marie a-t-elle soif?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t you thirsty?

Aren’t you thirsty? N’as-tu pas soif? / N’avez-vous pas soif?

How would you say this in French?

I’m not scared.

I’m not scared. Je n’ai pas peur.

How would you say this in French?

Are you scared of dogs?

Are you scared of dogs? As-tu peur des chiens? / Avez-vous peur des chiens?

How would you say this in French?

Is he right?

Is he right? A-t-il raison?

How would you say this in French?

Aren’t we right?

Aren’t we right? N’avons-nous pas raison?

How would you say this in French?

They’re not wrong.

They’re not wrong. Ils n’ont pas tort. / Elles n’ont pas tort.

How would you say this in French?

Is Pierre wrong?

Is Pierre wrong? Pierre a-t-il tort?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai chaud – I’m hot (I have hot) j'ai froid – I’m cold (I have cold) j'ai faim – I’m hungry (I have hunger) j'ai soif – I’m thirsty (I have thirst) j'ai peur – I’m scared (I have fear) j'ai peur de – I’m scared of de quoi as-tu peur? – what are you scared of? j'ai raison – I’m right (I have right) j'ai tort – I’m wrong (I have wrong)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I can open the window if you’re hot We’re cold and the heating doesn’t work I’m very hungry but I don’t have any food Are you thirsty? Do you want a coffee? What are you scared of? I’m right and you’re wrong If I’m right, the restaurant closes at 9pm If you’re wrong, they’re going to be very unhappy Aren’t you hungry? I haven’t eaten today and I’m very hungry now

1. 2. 3. 4.

Je peux ouvrir la fenêtre si tu as / vous avez chaud Nous avons froid et le chauffage ne marche pas J’ai très faim mais je n’ai pas de nourriture As-tu soif? Veux-tu un café? / Avez-vous soif? Voulez-vous un café? 5. De quoi as-tu / avez-vous peur? 6. J’ai raison et tu as / vous avez tort 7. Si j’ai raison, le restaurant ferme à vingt-et-un heures 8. Si tu as / vous avez tort, ils vont être très malheureux 9. N’as-tu pas faim? / N’avez-vous pas faim? 10. Je n’ai pas mangé aujourd’hui et j’ai très faim maintenant

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

J’ai peur des grands chiens mais je n’ai pas peur des petits chiens Marie a peur des chats De quoi a-t-il peur? Je peux commander une pizza si vous avez faim A-t-elle raison? As-tu chaud ou as-tu froid? Il fait soleil mais j’ai froid aujourd’hui J’ai soif, as-tu une bouteille d’eau? Ils ont tort Je n’ai pas peur mais je n’aime pas les araignées

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I’m scared of big dogs but I’m not scared of small dogs Marie is scared of cats What is he scared of? I can order a pizza if you’re hungry Is she right? Are you hot or are you cold? It’s sunny out but I’m cold today I’m thirsty, do you have a bottle of water? They’re wrong I’m not scared but I don’t like spiders

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4.

She isn’t here Go straight on and then take the second road on the left Did Pierre understand the English? I’ve booked a table for half past five but I would like to change it to six o’clock, please 5. I’m sorry but I’m too tired and I don’t want to walk 6. Which car did you hire? 7. Can I pay it now? 8. It’s twenty euros for two days 9. We’re going on holiday on the 20th April 10. I’m here later

1. 2. 3. 4.

Elle n’est pas ici Allez tout droit et puis prenez la deuxième rue à gauche Pierre a-t-il compris l’anglais? J’ai réservé une table pour dix-sept heures et demie mais je voudrais la changer à dix-huit heures, s’il vous plaît 5. Je suis désolé mais je suis trop fatigué et je ne veux pas aller à pied 6. Quelle voiture as-tu / avez-vous loué? 7. Puis-je le payer maintenant? 8. C’est vingt euros pour deux jours 9. Nous allons en vacances le vingt avril 10. Je suis ici plus tard

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. C’est toujours ici 2. C’est combien pour dix jours? 3. Vas-tu prendre cela avec toi? 4. Prenez la deuxième rue à gauche et puis la troisième rue à droite 5. Les toilettes sont à côté du bar 6. Quand veulent-ils manger? 7. Je l’ai vue hier à Paris 8. Je voudrais aller à la plage 9. J’aime le fromage mais je préfère le vin 10. Je vends ma voiture, veux-tu l’acheter?

1. 2. 3. 4.

It’s always here How much is it for ten days? Are you going to take that with you? Take the second road on the left and then the third road on the right 5. The toilets are next to the bar 6. When do they want to eat? 7. I saw her yesterday in Paris 8. I would like to go to the beach 9. I like the cheese but I prefer the wine 10. I’m selling my car, do you want to buy it?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I'm right 2. I'm wrong 3. that 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

I'm scared of this less … (than) this … worse there was / there were

10. cold 11. better 12. more … (than) 13. better than 14. the best 15. What are you scared of? 16. I'm hungry 17. it was (referring to weather) 18. worse than 19. the worst 20. there is / there are 21. sunny 22. windy 23. I'm cold 24. I'm hot 25. it's sunny out 26. hot / warm

27. it's nice out 28. it's windy out 29. I'm thirsty 30. that … 31. in the month of

32. I'm scared

1. j'ai raison 2. j'ai tort 3. cela 4. j'ai peur de 5. ceci 6. moins … (que) 7. ce …-ci 8. pire 9. il y avait 10. froid 11. meilleur 12. plus … (que) 13. meilleur que 14. le meilleur 15. De quoi as-tu peur? 16. j'ai faim 17. il faisait 18. pire que 19. le pire 20. il y a 21. soleil 22. du vent 23. j'ai froid

24. j'ai chaud 25. il fait soleil / il y a du soleil 26. chaud 27. il fait beau 28. il fait du vent / il y a du vent 29. j'ai soif 30. ce …-là 31. au mois de 32. j'ai peur

LESSON 86 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I’m hot I’m cold I’m thirsty I’m scared (of) I’m scared of dogs I’m scared of leaving I’m right I’m wrong If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase for this lesson:

j'avais It means “I had” or “I used to have” You pronounce it “jsha-vay”

I had… You can use “j’avais” with any of the “j’ai words” to talk about the past.

j'avais chaud I was hot j'avais peur I was scared j'avais froid I was cold You can also use it to simply mean “I had” or “I used to have”.

j'avais une maison en France I used to have a house in France

How would you say this in French?

I was hot.

I was hot. J’avais chaud.

How would you say this in French?

I was hungry.

I was hungry. J’avais faim.

How would you say this in French?

I had a car in France.

I had a car in France. J’avais une voiture en France.

How would you say this in French?

I used to have a house in Marseille.

I used to have a house in Marseille. J’avais une maison à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

I used to have lots of problems with the car.

I used to have lots of problems with the car . J’avais beaucoup de problèmes avec la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

If I had the time, I would like to go to the beach.

If I had the time, I would like to go to the beach. Si j’avais le temps, je voudrais aller à la plage.

You can make “j’avais” negative in the usual way:

je n’avais pas It means “I didn’t have” You pronounce it “shjeugh nah-vay pah”

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have the time.

I didn’t have the time. Je n’avais pas le temps.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have enough time.

I didn’t have enough time. Je n’avais pas assez de temps.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t cold.

I wasn’t cold. Je n’avais pas froid.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t hungry.

I wasn’t hungry. Je n’avais pas faim.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t scared of the dogs.

I wasn’t scared of the dogs. Je n’avais pas peur des chiens.

How would you say this in French?

I was hungry, but I didn’t have any food.

I was hungry, but I didn’t have any food. J’avais faim, mais je n’avais pas de nourriture.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t wrong.

I wasn’t wrong. Je n’avais pas tort.

How would you say this in French?

I was right.

I was right. J’avais raison.

We’ve had this word before, but I just wanted to do a quick recap because it’s very useful:

assez It means “enough” You pronounce it “ah-say”

Enough We’ve had “assez” before. You might remember that we learnt that it had a couple of meanings. It can mean “quite”

c'est assez difficile it’s quite difficult It can also mean “enough”. Just remember, though, that when it means “enough” and you want to put a noun on the end, you must use the word “de” in front of the noun.

assez d’argent enough money assez de temps enough time Literally, what you’re saying when you use the phrase “assez de…” is “enough of…” something. So, “enough of money” and “enough of time” is how you say it in French: “assez d’argent” and “assez de temps”.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have enough.

I don’t have enough. Je n’ai pas assez.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have enough money.

I didn’t have enough money. Je n’avais pas assez d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

Have you brought enough money with you?

Have you brought enough money with you? As-tu apporté assez d’argent avec toi? / Avez-vous apporté assez d’argent avec vous?

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I don’t have enough time.

I’m sorry but I don’t have enough time. Je suis désolé mais je n’ai pas assez de temps.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I didn’t have enough time.

I’m sorry but I didn’t have enough time. Je suis désolé mais je n’avais pas assez de temps.

Avoir So, for “I had”, you say “j’avais”, but what about if you wanted to say “he had” or “they had”? Let’s conjugate “avoir” into the past tense: avoir – to have j’avais – I had tu avais – you had il avait – he had elle avait – she had nous avions – we had vous aviez – you had ils avaient – they had

How would you say this in French?

Did you have enough?

Did you have enough? Avais-tu assez? / Aviez-vous assez?

How would you say this in French?

He didn’t have enough money.

He didn’t have enough money. Il n’avait pas assez d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

Did they have enough time?

Did they have enough time? Avaient-ils assez de temps?

How would you say this in French?

Were you cold?

Were you cold? Avais-tu froid? / Aviez-vous froid?

How would you say this in French?

She was right.

She was right. Elle avait raison.

How would you say this in French?

They were wrong.

They were wrong. Ils avaient tort.

How would you say this in French?

We were cold at the hotel.

We were cold at the hotel. Nous avions froid à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

Were you warm at the restaurant?

Were you warm at the restaurant? Avais-tu chaud au restaurant? / Aviezvous chaud au restaurant ?

WORD LIST SO FAR assez – enough / quite j’avais – I had tu avais – you had il avait – he had elle avait – she had nous avions – we had vous aviez – you had ils avaient – they had

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What did you have? He was wrong I had enough money You were right; the restaurant is nearby Was he hungry? She was right; the food was absolutely perfect I wasn’t wrong; it’s very warm today I was wrong; Pierre wasn’t there We were hungry but we didn’t eat because the food was terrible I wasn’t cold but I wasn’t hot

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Qu’avais-tu? / Qu’aviez-vous? Il avait tort J’avais assez d’argent Tu avais raison / Vous aviez raison; le restaurant est près d’ici Avait-il faim? Elle avait raison; la nourriture était absolument parfaite Je n’avais pas tort; il fait très chaud aujourd’hui J’avais tort; Pierre n’était pas là Nous avions faim mais nous n’avons pas mangé parce que la nourriture était terrible 10. Je n’avais pas froid mais je n’avais pas chaud

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Ils avaient chaud en France parce qu’il faisait soleil Je n’ai pas apporté assez d’argent avec moi Avais-tu / Aviez-vous assez d’argent? Je n’avais pas de temps Je n’avais pas une voiture en France Avais-tu peur? / Aviez-vous peur? Pourquoi avait-il peur d’elle? Elle avait très faim parce qu’elle n’a pas mangé beaucoup de nourriture 9. J’avais peur quand j’étais à Paris 10. Qu’avaient-ils?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

They were hot in France because it was sunny out I haven’t brought enough money with me Did you have enough money? I didn’t have time I didn’t have a car in France Were you scared? Why was he scared of her? She was very hungry because she didn’t eat much food I was scared when I was in Paris What did they have?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Did you try to find Pierre? May I have the beef, please? How much is it for four return tickets? Are you going to pay the bill? How much is it for nine days? I think the food is perfect here It’s straight on It’s going to be fantastic Everything is much bigger here Where would they like to go?

1. As-tu / Avez-vous essayé de trouver Pierre? 2. Puis-je prendre le boeuf, s’il vous plaît? 3. C’est combien pour quatre allers-retours? 4. Vas-tu / Allez-vous payer l’addition? 5. C’est combien pour neuf jours? 6. Pour moi, la nourriture est parfaite ici 7. C’est tout droit 8. Ça va être fantastique 9. Tout est beaucoup plus grand ici 10. Où voudraient-ils aller?

1. Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Essayez-vous de la nourriture française plus tard? 2. Prenez la première rue à droite et puis tournez à droite 3. Tu restes au même hôtel que moi 4. Aimez-vous les restaurants ici? 5. Ma chambre est plus petite que la chambre de Marco 6. Tu es arrivé tôt 7. Je voudrais des cacahuètes 8. Vas-tu passer les vacances ici ou à l’étranger? 9. Ne soyez pas timide 10. C’est quatre-vingt-deux euros

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Are you trying some French food later? Take the first road on the right and then turn right You’re staying at the same hotel as me Do you like the restaurants here? My room is smaller than Marco’s room You have arrived early I would like some peanuts Are you going to spend the holidays here or abroad? Don’t be shy It’s eighty-two euros

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I'm wrong 2. I'm hungry 3. it's sunny out 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

this that enough / quite better sunny What are you scared of?

10. windy 11. it's windy out 12. more … (than) 13. worse than 14. in the month of 15. I'm scared of 16. cold 17. better than 18. I'm cold 19. you had (informal) 20. I had 21. you had (formal) 22. they had 23. it was (referring to weather) 24. she had 25. I'm hot 26. he had

27. worse 28. it's nice out 29. hot / warm 30. there was / there were 31. the worst 32. I'm thirsty 33. we had 34. this … 35. that … 36. less … (than) 37. the best 38. I'm right 39. there is / there are

40. I'm scared

1. j'ai tort 2. j'ai faim 3. il fait soleil / il y a du soleil 4. ceci 5. cela 6. assez 7. meilleur 8. soleil 9. De quoi as-tu peur? 10. du vent 11. il fait du vent / il y a du vent 12. plus … (que) 13. pire que 14. au mois de 15. j'ai peur de 16. froid 17. meilleur que 18. j'ai froid 19. tu avais 20. j'avais 21. vous aviez 22. ils avaient 23. il faisait

24. elle avait 25. j'ai chaud 26. il avait 27. pire 28. il fait beau 29. chaud 30. il y avait 31. le pire 32. j'ai soif 33. nous avions 34. ce …-ci 35. ce …-là 36. moins … (que) 37. le meilleur 38. j'ai raison 39. il y a 40. j'ai peur

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons eighty-four to eighty-six of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons eighty-seven to eighty-nine, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 87 – 89 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 84-86”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 87 LESSON 88 LESSON 89 Merci

LESSON 87 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? enough I had you had he had she had we had they had If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

We’ve now learnt a handful of “j’ai words”, and we can say things like:

I am hot.

I am hot. J’ai chaud.

How would you say this in French?

I am cold.

I am cold. J’ai froid.

How would you say this in French?

I am hungry.

I am hungry. J’ai faim.

How would you say this in French?

I am thirsty.

I am thirsty. J’ai soif.

How would you say this in French?

I am wrong.

I am wrong. J’ai tort.

How would you say this in French?

I am right.

I am right. J’ai raison.

How would you say this in French?

I am scared.

I am scared. J’ai peur.

scared Remember that you can put a “de” on the end of “peur” to add a noun or a verb after it.

j'ai peur des chiens I’m scared of dogs j'ai peur de parler I’m scared of speaking j'ai peur d’aller I’m scared to go Well, there are a few more of this type of “j’ai word” where you can add a verb or a noun to the end of them just by using the word “de”. Let’s have a look at some…

Here’s the first of your new “j’ai … de” words:

j'ai besoin de It means “I need” But literally, this means “I have need of” You pronounce it “jshay beugh-zwan deugh”

ow would you say this in French?

I need to go.

I need to go. J’ai besoin d’aller.

How would you say this in French?

I need to eat something.

I need to eat something. J’ai besoin de manger quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

I need the key.

I need the key. J’ai besoin de la clé.

How would you say this in French?

I need to find Marie because I have something for her.

I need to find Marie because I have something for her. J’ai besoin de trouver Marie parce que j’ai quelque chose pour elle.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai besoin de – I need

need You can change the “j’ai” in “j’ai besoin de” to any form of the verb “avoir” to change the meaning of the sentence.

j'ai besoin de I need j'avais besoin de I needed il n’a pas besoin de he doesn’t need as-tu besoin de…? do you need…?

How would you say this in French?

What do you need to do?

What do you need to do? Qu’as-tu besoin de faire? / Qu’avez-vous besoin de faire?

How would you say this in French?

He didn’t need to buy it.

He didn’t need to buy it. Il n’avait pas besoin de l’acheter.

How would you say this in French?

Why do they need to go?

Why do they need to go? Pourquoi ont-ils besoin d’aller?

How would you say this in French?

Where did she need to go?

Where did she need to go? Où avait-elle besoin d’aller?

See if you can work out how to say this next sentence. You’ll need to use that “de quoi” construction we learnt when we were talking about being scared:

What do you need?

What do you need? De quoi as-tu besoin? / De quoi avez-vous besoin?

How would you say this in French?

What do they need?

What do they need? De quoi ont-ils besoin?

How would you say this in French?

What did she need yesterday?

What did she need yesterday? De quoi avait-elle besoin hier?

How would you say this in French?

What did you need to buy?

What did you need to buy? Qu’avais-tu besoin d’acheter? / Qu’aviez-vous besoin d’acheter?

How would you say this in French?

When do they need to leave?

When do they need to leave? Quand ont-ils besoin de partir?

Here’s another of those “j’ai … de” words:

j'ai envie de It means “I feel like” or “I fancy” But literally, this means “I have desire of” You pronounce it “jshay on-vee deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I fancy an ice cream.

I fancy an ice cream. J’ai envie d’une glace.

How would you say this in French?

I fancy going out tonight.

I fancy going out tonight. J’ai envie de sortir ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

I feel like going to the restaurant for dinner.

I feel like going to the restaurant for dinner. J’ai envie d’aller au restaurant pour le dîner.

How would you say this in French?

He doesn’t feel like going.

He doesn’t feel like going. Il n’a pas envie d’aller.

How would you say this in French?

She didn’t feel like coming with us.

She didn’t feel like coming with us. Elle n’avait pas envie de venir avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

Do you fancy eating here tonight?

Do you fancy eating here tonight? As-tu / Avez-vous envie de manger ici ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

What do you fancy doing?

What do you fancy doing? Qu’as-tu / Qu’avez-vous envie de faire?

How would you say this in French?

I felt like eating something French.

I felt like eating something French. J’avais envie de manger quelque chose de français.

How would you say this in French?

Do you fancy coming to the supermarket with me?

Do you fancy coming to the supermarket with me? As-tu / Avez-vous envie de venir au supermarché avec moi?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t fancy that.

I don’t fancy that. Je n’ai pas envie de cela.

What do you fancy? Remember when I said that if you want to say, “What do you need?”, in French, you literally have to say, “Of what do you need?”?

De quoi as-tu besoin? What do you need? Well, it’s the same if you say, “What do you fancy?”; you have to say, “Of what do you fancy?”

De quoi as-tu envie? What do you fancy?

How would you say this in French?

What do you fancy for dinner?

What do you fancy for dinner? De quoi as-tu / avez-vous envie pour le dîner?

How would you say this in French?

What do they fancy?

What do they fancy? De quoi ont-ils envie?

How would you say this in French?

What does he fancy?

What does he fancy? De quoi a-t-il envie?

Here’s yet another “j’ai … de” phrase:

j'ai l’intention de It means “I have the intention of” or “I plan on” You pronounce it “jshay lan-ton-shon deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I plan on leaving early.

I plan on leaving early. J’ai l’intention de partir tôt.

How would you say this in French?

I had the intention of going with you.

I had the intention of going with you. J’avais l’intention d’aller avec toi / vous.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai besoin de – I need j'ai envie de – I feel like / I fancy j'ai l’intention de – I have the intention of / I plan on

How would you say this in French?

When do you plan on leaving?

When do you plan on leaving? Quand as-tu / avez-vous l’intention de partir?

How would you say this in French?

We don’t plant on staying here.

We don’t plan on staying here. Nous n’avons pas l’intention de rester ici.

How would you say this in French?

I planned on going early.

I planned on going early. J’avais l’intention d’aller tôt.

How would you say this in French?

Do you plan on going abroad?

Do you plan on going abroad? As-tu / Avez-vous l’intention d’aller à l’étranger?

How would you say this in French?

What do you plan on buying?

What do you plan on buying? Qu’as-tu / Qu’avez-vous l’intention d’acheter?

How would you say this in French?

Where do they plan on going?

Where do they plan on going? Où ont-ils l’intention d’aller?

How would you say this in French?

Does she plan on going to the shop today?

Does she plan on going to the shop today? A-t-elle l’intention d’aller au magasin aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

We don’t plan on paying the bill.

We don’t plan on paying the bill. Nous n’avons pas l’intention de payer l’addition.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai besoin de – I need j'ai envie de – I feel like / I fancy j'ai l’intention de – I have the intention of / I plan on

Here’s your next word in this lesson:

j'ai le temps de It means “I have (the) time to” You pronounce it “jshay leugh tom deugh”

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have the time to do it now.

I don’t have the time to do it now. Je n’ai pas le temps de le faire maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have time to help me?

Do you have time to help me? As-tu / Avez-vous le temps de m’aider?

How would you say this in French?

Do they have time to eat with us?

Do they have time to eat with us? Ont-ils le temps de mander avec nous?

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have the time to call Marie yesterday.

I didn’t have the time to call Marie yesterday. Je n’avais pas le temps d’appeler Marie hier.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have the time to stay.

I don’t have the time to stay. Je n’ai pas le temps de rester.

How would you say this in French?

Does he have time to speak with me?

Does he have time to speak with me? A-t-il le temps de parler avec moi ?

How would you say this in French?

Did you have the time to buy something for me when you went to Paris?

Did you have the time to buy something for me when you went to Paris? Avais-tu le temps d’acheter quelque chose pour moi quand tu es allé à Paris? / Aviez-vous le temps d’acheter quelque chose pour moi quand vous êtes allé à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I didn’t have enough time to do everything.

I’m sorry but I didn’t have enough time to do everything. Je suis désolé mais je n’avais pas assez de temps de tout faire.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have time to show me something?

Do you have time to show me something? As-tu / Avez-vous le temps de me montrer quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

He didn’t have time to call me.

He didn’t have time to call me. Il n’avait pas le temps de m’appeler.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'ai besoin de – I need j'ai envie de – I feel like / I fancy j'ai l’intention de – I have the intention of / I plan on j'ai le temps de – I have (the) time to

avoir … de Even though I’ve given you all the phrases in this lesson in the form of “j’ai … de”, as you know they can be used with any form of avoir. So, you could learn the phrases in their infinitive form by replacing the “j’ai” with “avoir” if it makes it easier for you to remember.

avoir besoin de to need avoir envie de to feel like / to fancy avoir l’intention de to plan on / to have the intention to avoir le temps de to have (the) time to You can use any of these “avoir … de” words as infinitive carriers and put them into structures 1 and 3 to make your questions and sentences more varied. Have a go and see what you can come up with.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. I need to leave now 2. Where do you fancy eating later? 3. What do they plan on doing tomorrow? 4. I don’t have the time to go with you because I’m very busy 5. What did you need? 6. I didn’t feel like waiting here 7. Did you need to speak with me? 8. I feel like going to the beach but it’s cold out 9. I plan on going early tomorrow 10. We need to talk

1. 2. 3. 4.

J’ai besoin de partir maintenant Où as-tu / avez-vous envie de manger plus tard? Qu’ont-ils l’intention de faire demain? Je n’ai pas le temps d’aller avec toi / vous parce que je suis très occupé 5. De quoi avais-tu / aviez-vous besoin? 6. Je n’avais pas envie d’attendre ici 7. Avais-tu / Aviez-vous besoin de parler avec moi? 8. J’ai envie d’aller à la plage mais il fait froid 9. J’ai l’intention d’aller tôt demain 10. Nous avons besoin de parler

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. N’avais-tu pas besoin d’acheter quelque chose au supermarché? 2. Ils ont besoin de partir maintenant parce que le train arrive à dix-sept heures 3. Je n’ai pas envie d’aller au magasin aujourd’hui; je suis trop fatigué 4. Je n’avais pas l’intention d’aller à Marseille 5. Avais-tu le temps d’appeler Pierre pour moi? 6. Je n’avais pas besoin de la voiture parce que je suis allé à Londres en train 7. De quoi ont-ils besoin pour demain? 8. J’avais l’intention d’arriver tôt 9. J’ai envie du poulet aujourd’hui 10. De quel vin as-tu envie?

1. Didn’t you need to buy something at the supermarket? 2. They need to leave now because the train arrives at 5pm 3. I don’t feel like going to the shop today; I’m too tired 4. I didn’t plan on going to Marseille 5. Did you have the time to call Pierre for me? 6. I didn’t need the car because I went to London on the train 7. What do they need for tomorrow? 8. I planned on arriving early 9. I fancy the chicken today 10. What wine do you fancy?

1. What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. Have I forgotten something? 2. The chicken is absolutely delicious 3. Ask the waiter for some more water, please 4. Were you born here in France? 5. I would like a room for one night, please 6. Which ones are you buying? 7. Take the exit towards Marseille and then go straight on 8. I would like to go to the beach 9. I would like a dress 10. I’ve gone a bit mad! (I’ve become a bit mad!)

1. Ai-je oublié quelque chose? 2. Le poulet est absolument délicieux 3. Demande plus de vin au serveur, s’il te plaît / Demandez plus de vin au serveur, s’il vous plaît 4. Es-tu né ici en France? / Êtes-vous né ici en France? 5. Je voudrais une chambre pour une nuit, s’il vous plaît 6. Quels achètes-tu? / Quels achetez-vous? 7. Prenez la sortie vers Marseille et puis allez tout droit 8. Je voudrais aller à la plage 9. Je voudrais une robe 10. Je suis devenu un peu fou!

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ne mangez pas trop; nous allons au restaurant plus tard 2. Est-elle occupée demain? 3. Il est sept heures et demie 4. Elle n’est pas à l’hôtel 5. Je ne finis pas jusqu’à la semaine prochaine 6. Je dois aller là en train mais c’est assez cher 7. Le magasin est à gauche 8. Que veux-tu faire ce soir? 9. Pourquoi avez-vous changé la réservation? 10. Vas-tu prendre le petit-déjeuner ici?

1. Don’t eat too much; we’re going to the restaurant later 2. Is she busy tomorrow? 3. It’s half past seven 4. She isn’t at the hotel 5. I don’t finish until next week 6. I have to go there by train but it’s quite expensive 7. The shop is on the left 8. What do you want to do tonight? 9. Why did you change the reservation? 10. Are you going to have breakfast here?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. the best 2. What are you scared of? 3. he had 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

it was (referring to weather) it's nice out cold less … (than) I'm hot in the month of

10. you had (formal) 11. windy 12. there was / there were 13. I'm cold 14. this 15. it's sunny out 16. I feel like / I fancy 17. it's windy out 18. worse 19. I'm scared 20. better 21. I plan on 22. we had 23. the worst 24. that 25. hot / warm 26. there is / there are

27. I'm thirsty 28. she had 29. worse than 30. they had 31. enough / quite 32. I'm right 33. I'm hungry 34. I had 35. better than 36. that … 37. I'm wrong 38. sunny 39. you had (informal) 40. I have the time to 41. this … 42. more … (than) 43. I need

44. I'm scared of

1. le meilleur 2. De quoi as-tu peur? 3. il avait 4. il faisait 5. il fait beau 6. froid 7. moins … (que) 8. j'ai chaud 9. au mois de 10. vous aviez 11. du vent 12. il y avait 13. j'ai froid 14. ceci 15. il fait soleil / il y a du soleil 16. j'ai envie de 17. il fait du vent / il y a du vent 18. pire 19. j'ai peur 20. meilleur 21. j'ai l'intention de 22. nous avions 23. le pire

24. cela 25. chaud 26. il y a 27. j'ai soif 28. elle avait 29. pire que 30. ils avaient 31. assez 32. j'ai raison 33. j'ai faim 34. j'avais 35. meilleur que 36. ce …-là 37. j'ai tort 38. soleil 39. tu avais 40. j'ai le temps de 41. ce …-ci 42. plus … (que) 43. j'ai besoin de 44. j'ai peur de

LESSON 88 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I need I feel like / I fancy I plan on / I intent to I have (the) time to to need to feel like / to fancy to plan on / to intent to to have (the) time to If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

A very useful word in French (which also happens to be an infinitive carrier) is:

j'allais It means “I was going” You pronounce it “jshah-lay”

How would you say this in French?

I was going to call.

I was going to call. J’aller appeler.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t going to see it.

I wasn’t going to see it. Je n’allais pas le voir.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to try it.

I was going to try it. J’allais l’essayer.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'allais – I was going

How would you say this in French?

I was going to France.

I was going to France. J’allais en France.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t going to Spain.

I wasn’t going to Spain. Je n’allais pas en Espagne.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to buy something for you.

I was going to buy something for you. J’allais acheter quelque chose pour toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to stay here tomorrow.

I was going to stay here tomorrow. J’allais rester ici demain.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to ask Marie to bring some wine with her.

I going to ask Marie to bring some wine with her. J’allais demander à Marie d’apporter du vin.

Aller You can change “j’allais” to any person and say “you were going” or “they were going” aller – to go j’allais – I was going tu allais – you were going il allait – he was going elle allait – she was going nous allions – we were going vous alliez – you were going ils allaient – they were going You can use all the different conjugations of “aller” as infinitive carriers in the structures we have covered so far. Obviously, in questions, you’ll have to invert it first.

How would you say this in French?

He was going to come.

He was going to come. Il allait venir.

How would you say this in French?

We weren’t going to stay here.

We weren’t going to stay here. Nous n’allions pas rester ici.

How would you say this in French?

They were going to come with us.

They were going to come with us. Ils allaient venir avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

Was he going to France with you?

Was he going to France with you? Allait-il en France avec toi / vous?

How would you say this in French?

What were you going to do?

What were you going to do? Qu’allais-tu faire? / Qu’alliez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

We were going to eat at the restaurant but it was very busy.

We were going to eat at the restaurant but it was very busy. Nous allions manger au restaurant mais il était très occupé.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre was going to call me but he doesn’t have the time now.

Pierre was going to call me but he doesn’t have the time now. Pierre allait m’appeler mais il n’a pas le temps maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to buy an ice cream for you but I don’t have my card.

I was going to buy an ice cream for you but I don’t have my card. J’allais acheter une glace pour toi / vous mais je n’ai pas ma carte.

How would you say this in French?

What were you going to do?

What were you going to do? Qu’allais-tu faire? / Qu’alliez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

Whom was she going to call?

Whom was she going to call? Qui allait-elle appeler?

How would you say this in French?

Why weren’t you going to call me?

Why weren’t you going to call me? Pourquoi n’allas-tu pas m’appeler? / Pourquoi n’alliez-vous pas m’appeler?

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t going to order it, but Pierre told me that it was delicious.

I wasn’t going to order it, but Pierre told me that it was delicious. Je n’allais pas le commander, mais Pierre m’a dit qu’il est délicieux.

How would you say this in French?

When was he going to leave?

When was he going to leave? Quand allait-il partir?

WORD LIST SO FAR j'allais – I was going tu allais – you were going il allait – he was going elle allait – she was going nous allions – we were going vous alliez – you were going ils allaient – they were going

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What were you going to do? We were going to eat at the hotel I was going to the restaurant when you saw me We were going to France but now we’re going to Spain When was she going to leave? She was going to call you yesterday but she didn’t have the time He was going to tell you something Where were you going? What were they going to buy at the supermarket? Why weren’t you going to tell me?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Qu’allais-tu faire? / Qu’alliez-vous faire? Nous allions manger à l’hôtel J’allais au restaurant quand tu m’as vu / quand vous m’aviez vu Nous allions en France mais maintenant nous allons en Espagne Quand allait-elle partir? Elle allait t’appeler / vous appeler mais elle n’avait pas le temps Il allait te / vous dire quelque chose Où allais-tu? / Où alliez-vous? Qu’allaient-ils acheter au supermarché? Pourquoi n’allais-tu pas me dire? / Pourquoi n’alliez-vous pas me dire?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3.

Où allais-tu attendre Marie? J’allais l’essayer demain J’allais commander une pizza mais maintenant j’allais commander le poulet 4. Il n’allait pas l’essayer mais Marie a dit que c’était délicieux 5. Je n’allais pas commander une bouteille de vin 6. Ils allaient en Espagne en vacances mais maintenant Pierre est malade 7. Nous allions vous dire demain 8. J’allais le faire plus tard parce que je suis fatigué maintenant 9. Comment allait-il payer l’addition? 10. Elle allait passer deux semaines à l’étranger

1. 2. 3.

Where were you going to wait for Marie? I was going to try it tomorrow I was going to order a pizza but now I’m going to order the chicken 4. He wasn’t going to try it but Marie said it was delicious 5. I wasn’t going to order a bottle of wine 6. They were going to Spain on holiday but now Pierre is ill 7. We were going to tell you tomorrow 8. I was going to do it later because I’m tired now 9. How was he going to pay the bill? 10. She was going to spend two weeks abroad

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

That is for her, not for you Where is the castle? I’m going to drink that Are you trying some French food later? My lunch is here Who came with you? It’s at quarter to two Do you want to take that with you? I’m doing very well, thank you, how are you? I don’t know how to do it; can you help me?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ça c’est pour elle, pas pour vous / toi Où est le château? Je vais boire cela / ça Essayes-tu / Essayez-vous de la nourriture française plus tard? Mon déjeuner est ici Qui est venu avec toi / vous? C’est à deux heures moins le quart Veux-tu prendre ça avec toi? / Voulez-vous prendre ça avec vous? Je vais très bien, merci, comment allez-vous / comment vas-tu? Je ne sais pas le faire; peux-tu / pouvez-vous m’aider?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais du ketchup 2. Ça c’est absolument délicieux 3. La nourriture ici est très bonne 4. Vas-tu chez Pierre ce soir? 5. Ça va être fantastique 6. Allez à la plage demain; elle est très belle 7. Où est la rivière? 8. Je me demande si Marie vient avec nous en vacances cette année 9. Où peut-on fumer? 10. Je n’ai pas mangé aujourd’hui et j’ai très faim maintenant

1. I would like some tomato sauce 2. That is absolutely delicious 3. The food here is very good 4. Are you going to Pierre’s house tonight? 5. It’s going to be fantastic 6. Go to the beach tomorrow; it’s very beautiful 7. Where is the river? 8. I wonder if Marie is coming with us on holiday this year 9. Where can one smoke? 10. I haven’t eaten today and I’m very hungry now

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. he had 2. I'm scared of 3. I plan on 4. you were going (informal) 5. she had 6. hot / warm 7. windy 8. we were going 9. you had (formal) 10. he was going 11. there was / there were 12. I'm thirsty 13. I'm cold 14. you had (informal) 15. we had 16. that … 17. this 18. sunny 19. I feel like / I fancy 20. I had 21. this …

22. worse 23. it's sunny out 24. you were going (formal) 25. I'm scared 26. it was (referring to weather) 27. cold 28. enough / quite 29. I need 30. that 31. better 32. the worst 33. there is / there are 34. I'm right 35. I'm hot 36. they were going 37. less … (than) 38. it's nice out 39. it's windy out 40. worse than 41. I'm wrong 42. I'm hungry 43. I have the time to 44. the best

45. better than 46. she was going 47. they had 48. in the month of 49. What are you scared of? 50. more … (than) 51. I was going

1. il avait 2. j'ai peur de 3. j'ai l'intention de 4. tu allais 5. elle avait 6. chaud 7. du vent 8. nous allions 9. vous aviez 10. il allait 11. il y avait 12. j'ai soif 13. j'ai froid 14. tu avais 15. nous avions 16. ce …-là 17. ceci 18. soleil 19. j'ai envie de 20. j'avais 21. ce …-ci 22. pire 23. il fait soleil / il y a du soleil

24. vous alliez 25. j'ai peur 26. il faisait 27. froid 28. assez 29. j'ai besoin de 30. cela 31. meilleur 32. le pire 33. il y a 34. j'ai raison 35. j'ai chaud 36. ils allaient 37. moins … (que) 38. il fait beau 39. il fait du vent / il y a du vent 40. pire que 41. j'ai tort 42. j'ai faim 43. j'ai le temps de 44. le meilleur 45. meilleur que 46. elle allait

47. ils avaient 48. au mois de 49. De quoi as-tu peur? 50. plus … (que) 51. j'allais

LESSON 89 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I was going you were going he was going she was going we were going they were going If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

J’allais Now, in the last lesson, we learnt how to conjugate the verb “aller” (to go) into a tense that meant “I was going to”. We had:

j'allais tu allais il allait elle allait nous allions vous alliez ils allaient The endings for this conjugation are the same as the endings used for the infinitive carriers in the third structure that we learnt. These endings form a particular type of past tense that all the infinitive carriers use, and it’s called the “imperfect tense”. Its name isn’t important for now; all you need to know is that those same endings (ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient) can be used with any infinitive carrier to talk about the past.

Have a look at this infinitive carrier and see if you can use it to conjugate through all the persons:

je pouvais It means “I could” or “I was able” You pronounce it “jsheugh poo-vay”

How would you say this in French?

I could see it.

I could see it. Je pouvais le voir.

How would you say this in French?

I could understand Pierre.

I could understand Pierre. Je pouvais comprendre Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I couldn’t understand.

I couldn’t understand. Je ne pouvais pas comprendre.

Now, let’s see if you can use the “imperfect tense” endings to try and conjugate “je pouvais” into all the different persons. How would you say this in French?

You could.

You could. Tu pouvais. / Vous pouviez.

How would you say this in French?

He could.

He could. Il pouvait.

How would you say this in French?

She could.

She could. Elle pouvait.

How would you say this in French?

We could.

We could. Nous pouvions.

How would you say this in French?

They could.

They could. Ils pouvaient.

Pouvoir Here’s the imperfect conjugation of the verb “pouvoir”: pouvoir – to be able to je pouvais – I could / I was able tu pouvais – you could / you were able il pouvait – he could / he was able elle pouvait – she could / she was able nous pouvions – we could / we were able vous pouviez – you could / you were able ils pouvaient – they could / they were able

Here’s a useful word:

entendre It means “(to) hear” You pronounce it “on-ton-dreugh”

How would you say this in French?

I couldn’t hear Pierre.

I couldn’t hear Pierre. Je ne pouvais pas entendre Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

Could you hear me?

Could you hear me? Pouvais-tu m’entendre? / Pouviez-vous m’entendre?

“Entendre” is a regular verb, so see if you can remember how to turn it into the past tense. How would you say this in French?

I heard Marie.

I heard Marie. J’ai entendu Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Did you hear me?

Did you hear me? M’as-tu entendu? / M’avez-vous entendu?

Similarly, the verb “entendre” is regular in the present tense, so how would you say this in French?

What do you hear?

What do you hear? Qu’entends-tu? / Qu’entendez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Do you hear something?

Do you hear something? Entends-tu quelque chose? / Entendezvous quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

Did you hear that?

Did you hear that? As-tu entendu ça? / Avez-vous entendu ça?

How would you say this in French?

I heard everything.

I heard everything. J’ai entendu tout.

How would you say this in French?

I heard something in the room.

I heard something in the room. J’ai entendu quelque chose dans la chambre.

How would you say this in French?

I heard everything.

I heard everything. J’ai tout entendu.

How would you say this in French?

I heard you.

I heard you. Je t’ai entendu. / Je vous ai entendu.

How would you say this in French?

What did they hear?

What did they hear? Qu’as-tu entendu? / Qu’avez-vous entendu?

For this next one, you have the word “what” in the middle of a sentence, which, if you remember, is “ce que”. So, how would you say this in French?

I hope he didn’t hear what I said.

I hope he didn’t hear what I said J’espère qu’il n’a pas entendu ce que j’ai dit.

How would you say this in French?

Did you hear what she said?

Did you hear what she said? As-tu entendu ce qu’elle a dit? / Avez-vous entendu ce qu’elle a dit?

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t hear what you said.

I didn’t hear what you said. Je n’ai pas entendu ce que tu as dit. / Je n’ai pas entendu ce que vous avez dit.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know what you heard.

I don’t know what you heard. Je ne sais pas ce que tu as entendu. / Je ne sais pas ce que vous avez entendu.

WORD LIST SO FAR entendre – to hear je pouvais – I could / I was able tu pouvais – you could / you were able il pouvait – he could / he was able elle pouvait – she could / she was able nous pouvions – we could / we were able vous pouviez – you could / you were able ils pouvaient – they could / they were able

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I couldn’t see Pierre when I was at the restaurant I’m sorry that I couldn’t help you yesterday I was going to speak French but I couldn’t understand you Do you know if they could understand when we spoke in English? Could you hear Marie? Did you hear Marie? Did they hear you? I heard Pierre when he told you I don’t know if he heard me What could you do in Paris?

1. 2. 3.

Je ne pouvais pas voir Pierre quand j’étais au restaurant Je suis désolé que je ne pouvais pas t’aider / vous aider hier J’allais parler français mais je ne pouvais pas te / vous comprendre 4. Sais-tu / Savez-vous s’ils pouvaient comprendre quand nous avons parlé anglais? 5. Pouvais-tu / Pouviez-vous entendre Marie? 6. As-tu / Avez-vous entendu Marie? 7. T’ont-ils / Vous ont-ils entendu? 8. J’ai entendu Pierre quand il t’a dit / il vous a dit 9. Je ne sais pas s’il m’a entendu 10. Que pouvais-tu / pouviez-vous faire à Paris?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Qui pouviez-vous entendre? Où pouvais-tu aller? Que pouvait-elle voir? Ils l’ont entendue hier J’allais aller au supermarché mais je ne pouvais pas le trouver Je ne pouvais pas te voir / vous voir J’espère que je peux tout entendre Entendez-vous ce qu’ils disent? Ont-ils entendu ce que nous avons dit hier? Je ne pouvais pas le faire

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Whom could you hear? Where could you go? What could she see? They heard her yesterday I was going to go to the supermarket but I couldn’t find it I couldn’t see you I hope I can hear everything Do you hear what they are saying? Did they hear what we said yesterday? I couldn’t do it

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

A bit more It’s at quarter past three I’m Mrs Sport Are you selling the car? I would like to hire two cars Yes, it’s absolutely delicious The journey takes an hour by coach Do you want to try some wine? Turn right after the traffic lights What wine do you fancy?

1. Un peu plus 2. Il est trois heures et quart 3. Je suis Madame Sport 4. Vends-tu / Vendez-vous la voiture? 5. Je voudrais louer deux voitures 6. Oui, c’est absolument délicieux 7. Le trajet dure une heure en car 8. Veux-tu / Voulez-vous essayer du vin? 9. Tournez à droite après les feux rouges 10. De quel vin as-tu / avez-vous envie?

1. Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Le poulet et la dinde sont délicieux 2. Il a mangé quelque chose il y a vingt minutes 3. Vous réservez une table mais ce n’est pas nécessaire parce que ce n’est pas très occupé ici aujourd’hui 4. C’est trente euros par mois 5. Quelle est l’adresse du restaurant? 6. Vas-tu manger ça? 7. Cet hôtel-ci est meilleur parce qu’il a une piscine 8. Ça va être fantastique 9. À quelle heure vas-tu chez Marie? 10. Combien de vin as-tu bu?

1. 2. 3.

The chicken and the turkey are delicious He ate something twenty minutes ago You’re reserving a table but it isn’t necessary because it isn’t very busy here today 4. It’s thirty euros per month 5. What’s the restaurant’s address? 6. Are you going to eat that? 7. This hotel is better because it has a swimming pool 8. It’s going to be fantastic 9. What time are you going to Marie’s house? 10. How much wine have you drunk?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. we were going 2. (to) hear 3. he had 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

you had (informal) I'm hungry that … better I have the time to I feel like / I fancy

10. more … (than) 11. that 12. I was going 13. I plan on 14. it's sunny out 15. I'm wrong 16. she had 17. What are you scared of? 18. it's nice out 19. enough / quite 20. you were going (informal) 21. I'm hot 22. I need 23. it was (referring to weather) 24. worse than 25. you were going (formal) 26. the best

27. windy 28. you could (informal) 29. he could 30. we had 31. I'm cold 32. I'm thirsty 33. worse 34. sunny 35. there is / there are 36. I'm scared 37. better than 38. we could 39. less … (than) 40. cold 41. they could 42. they were going 43. they had 44. this … 45. I could 46. he was going 47. she was going 48. I'm scared of 49. I'm right 50. I had 51. the worst 52. you had (formal) 53. in the month of 54. it's windy out

55. she could 56. this 57. hot / warm 58. you could (formal)

59. there was / there were

1. nous allions 2. entendre 3. il avait 4. tu avais 5. j'ai faim 6. ce …-là 7. meilleur 8. j'ai le temps de 9. j'ai envie de 10. plus … (que) 11. cela 12. j'allais 13. j'ai l'intention de 14. il fait soleil / il y a du soleil 15. j'ai tort 16. elle avait 17. De quoi as-tu peur? 18. il fait beau 19. assez 20. tu allais 21. j'ai chaud 22. j'ai besoin de 23. il faisait

24. pire que 25. vous alliez 26. le meilleur 27. du vent 28. tu pouvais 29. il pouvait 30. nous avions 31. j'ai froid 32. j'ai soif 33. pire 34. soleil 35. il y a 36. j'ai peur 37. meilleur que 38. nous pouvions 39. moins … (que) 40. froid 41. ils pouvaient 42. ils allaient 43. ils avaient 44. ce …-ci 45. je pouvais 46. il allait

47. elle allait 48. j'ai peur de 49. j'ai raison 50. j'avais 51. le pire 52. vous aviez 53. au mois de 54. il fait du vent / il y a du vent 55. elle pouvait 56. ceci 57. chaud 58. vous pouviez 59. il y avait

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons eighty-seven to eighty-nine of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons ninety to ninety-two, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 90 – 92 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 87-89”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 90 LESSON 91 LESSON 92 Merci

LESSON 90 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to hear I could you could he could she could we could they could If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Imperfect tense So, you know now that the imperfect tense is a past tense that the infinitive carriers tend to use rather than the other past tense we have learnt so far. The endings for the imperfect tense are:

j'allais tu allais il allait elle allait nous allions vous alliez ils allaient You can use these endings (ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient) with any infinitive carrier to talk about the past. If you get one phrase in the imperfect tense, you should be able to conjugate it into other persons.

So, let’s conjugate the verb “vouloir” (to want) into the imperfect tense:

je voulais It means “I wanted” You pronounce it “jsheugh voo-lay”

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to see you.

I wanted to see you. Je voulais te / vous voir.

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to buy it for Marie.

I wanted to buy it for Marie. Je voulais l’acheter pour Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to order the chicken.

I wanted to order the chicken. Je voulais commander le poulet.

Let’s see if you can use those endings for the imperfect tense to conjugate “vouloir” into all the different persons:

I wanted.

I wanted. Je voulais.

How would you say this in French?

You wanted.

You wanted. Tu voulais. / Vous vouliez.

How would you say this in French?

He wanted.

He wanted. Il voulait.

How would you say this in French?

She wanted.

She wanted. Elle voulait.

How would you say this in French?

We wanted.

We wanted. Nous voulions.

How would you say this in French?

They wanted.

They wanted. Ils voulaient.

Vouloir Here’s the conjugation of the verb “vouloir” in the imperfect tense vouloir – to want je voulais – I wanted tu voulais – you wanted il voulait – he wanted elle voulait – she wanted nous voulions – we wanted vous vouliez – you wanted ils voulaient – they wanted You can use all the different conjugations of “vouloir” as infinitive carriers in the structures we have covered so far. Obviously, in questions, you’ll have to invert it first.

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to stay here.

I wanted to stay here. Je voulais rester ici.

How would you say this in French?

Did you want to eat something?

Did you want to eat something? Voulais-tu manger quelque chose? / Vouliez-vous manger quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

Where did they want to go?

Where did they want to go? Où voulaient-ils aller?

How would you say this in French?

She wanted to talk with Michel.

She wanted to talk with Michel. Elle voulait parler avec Michel.

WORD LIST SO FAR je voulais – I wanted tu voulais – you wanted il voulait – he wanted elle voulait – she wanted nous voulions – we wanted vous vouliez – you wanted ils voulaient – they wanted

Here’s a useful word:

dire It means “to say” or “to tell” Just so you know, the past participle of “dire” is “dit” For example: “I said” = “j’ai dit” You pronounce it “deer”

How would you say this in French?

What were you going to say?

What were you going to say? Qu’allais-tu dire? / Qu’alliez-vous dire?

How would you say this in French?

Why can’t you tell me?

Why can’t you tell me? Pourquoi ne peux-tu pas me dire? / Pourquoi ne pouvez-vous pas me dire?

How would you say this in French?

What did you want to tell me?

What did you want to tell me? Que voulais-tu me dire? / Que vouliez-vous me dire?

How would you say this in French?

I wanted to tell you.

I wanted to tell you. Je voulais te dire. / Je voulais vous dire.

How would you say this in French?

What did they say?

What did they say? Qu’ont-ils dit?

How would you say this in French?

Do you need to say something?

Do you need to say something? As-tu besoin de dire quelque chose? / Avez-vous besoin de dire quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

Who said that?

Who said that? Qui a dit ça?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t understand what you said.

I don’t understand what you said. Je ne comprends pas ce que tu as / vous avez dit.

How would you say this in French?

Did you hear what I said?

Did you hear what I said? As-tu / Avez-vous entendu ce que j’ai dit?

dire à If you want to add a name onto the end of any form of “dire”, for example, “I’m going to tell Pierre”, you have to use the word “à” in front of the name. This is because, in French, you have to say something TO somebody, and the French word for “to” in this sense is “à”. In English, you can sometimes avoid using “to” by using “tell” rather than “say”: I’m saying something to Pierre I’m telling Pierre something But, in French, the word “dire” always uses “à” in front of a name.

I need to tell Marie j’ai besoin de dire à Marie I wanted to tell Pierre je voulais dire à Pierre

How would you say this in French?

What did you tell Pierre?

What did you tell Pierre? Qu’as-tu dit à Pierre? / Qu’avez-vous dit à Pierre ?

How would you say this in French?

I told Marie yesterday.

I told Marie yesterday. J’ai dit à Marie hier.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t tell Michel because he was busy.

I didn’t tell Michel because he was busy. Je n’ai pas dit à Michel parce qu’il était occupé.

How would you say this in French?

Who told Sophie?

Who told Sophie? Qui a dit à Sophie?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to tell Pierre everything tomorrow.

I’m going to tell Pierre everything tomorrow. Je vais tout dire à Pierre demain.

How would you say this in French?

Why did they tell Marie?

Why did they tell Marie? Pourquoi ont-ils dit à Marie?

How would you say this in French?

I plant on telling Marie tonight.

I plan on telling Marie tonight. J’ai l’intention de dire à Marie ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

Do you need to tell Hugo?

Do you need to tell Hugo? As-tu / Avez-vous besoin de dire à Hugo?

WORD LIST SO FAR je voulais – I wanted tu voulais – you wanted il voulait – he wanted elle voulait – she wanted nous voulions – we wanted vous vouliez – you wanted ils voulaient – they wanted dire – to say / to tell dire à Marie – to tell Marie

How would you say this in French?

When do you plan on telling Pierre everything?

When do you plan on telling Pierre everything? Quand as-tu / avez-vous l’intention de tout dire à Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

We didn’t tell Jean-Pierre because we don’t like him.

We didn’t tell Jean-Pierre because we don’t like him. Nous n’avons pas dit à Jean-Pierre parce que nous ne l’aimons pas.

How would you say this in French?

We’re going to London tomorrow, but don’t tell Sophie.

We’re going to London tomorrow, but don’t tell Sophie. Nous allons à Londres demain, mais ne dis pas à Sophie. / Nous allons à Londres demain, mais ne dites pas à Sophie.

Let’s conjugate the verb “devoir” (to have to / must) into the imperfect tense:

je devais It means “I had to” You pronounce it “jsheugh deugh-vay”

How would you say this in French?

I had to leave yesterday.

I had to leave yesterday. Je devais partir hier.

How would you say this in French?

I had to stay here.

I had to stay here. Je devais rester ici.

How would you say this in French?

I had to tell Marie something important.

I had to tell Marie something important. Je devais dire à Marie quelque chose d’important.

Now let’s have a go at conjugating “devoir” into all the persons in the imperfect tense. How would you say this in French?

I had to.

I had to. Je devais.

How would you say this in French?

You had to.

You had to. Tu devais. / Vous deviez.

How would you say this in French?

He had to.

He had to. Il devait.

How would you say this in French?

She had to.

She had to. Elle devait.

How would you say this in French?

We had to.

We had to. Nous devions.

How would you say this in French?

They had to.

They had to. Ils devaient.

Devoir Here’s the conjugation of the verb “devoir” in the imperfect tense with all the meanings in English. devoir – to have to je devais – I had to tu devais – you had to il devait – he had to elle devait – she had to nous devions – we had to vous devions – you had to ils devaient – they had to You can use all the different conjugations of “devoir” as infinitive carriers in the structures we have covered so far. Obviously, in questions, you’ll have to invert it first.

How would you say this in French?

What did you have to do?

What did you have to do? Que devais-tu faire? / Que deviez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

We had to go to France.

We had to go to France. Nous devions aller en France.

How would you say this in French?

She had to tell Pierre where she was going.

She had to tell Pierre where she was going. Elle devait dire à Pierre où elle allait.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t have to go to Paris but I wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower.

I didn’t have to go to Paris but I wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower. Je ne devais pas aller à Paris mais je voulais visiter la Tour Eiffel.

How would you say this in French?

They didn’t have to do that.

They didn’t have to do that. Ils ne devaient pas faire ça.

How would you say this in French?

He had to finish everything.

He had to finish everything. Il devait tout finir.

How would you say this in French?

I had to go by train but it was very expensive.

I had to go by train but it was very expensive. Je devais aller en train mais c’était très cher.

How would you say this in French?

I had to find something for Marie because she wanted a souvenir.

I had to find something for Marie because she wanted a souvenir. Je devais trouver quelque chose pour Marie parce qu’elle voulait un souvenir.

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry that I had to leave early.

I’m sorry that I had to leave early. Je suis désolé que je devais partir tôt.

How would you say this in French?

He had to tell Sophie something.

He had to tell Sophie something. Il devait dire quelque chose à Sophie.

WORD LIST SO FAR je voulais – I wanted tu voulais – you wanted il voulait – he wanted elle voulait – she wanted nous voulions – we wanted vous vouliez – you wanted ils voulaient – they wanted dire – to say / to tell dire à Marie – to tell Marie je devais – I had to tu devais – you had to il devait – he had to elle devait – she had to nous devions – we had to vous devions – you had to ils devaient – they had to

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. Did she want to come with us? 2. What did you want to do yesterday? 3. We had to eat at the hotel because there were no restaurants 4. Tell Sophie if you find the key for the room 5. Don’t tell Pierre where you’re going 6. I had to go by car 7. Did they tell Marie what they wanted to buy? 8. I had to go to the beach early because it was always very busy there 9. We wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower but we didn’t have a lot of time 10. She had to pay seventy euros for a one-way ticket to Paris 11. Where did you want to eat? 12. Who wanted the pizza? 13. Why did they have to leave early? 14. Can you tell Jeanne what everybody wants to eat? 15. He wanted to bring a bottle of wine with him but we have enough wine here

1. Voulait-elle venir avec nous? 2. Que voulais-tu / vouliez-vous faire hier? 3. Nous devions manger à l’hôtel parce qu’il n’y avait pas de restaurants 4. Dis à Sophie si tu trouves la clé pour la chambre / Dites à Sophie si vous trouvez la clé pour la chambre 5. Ne dis pas à Pierre où tu vas / Ne dites pas à Pierre où vous allez 6. Je devais aller en voiture 7. Ont-ils dit à Marie ce qu’ils voulaient acheter? 8. Je devais aller à la plage tôt parce que c’était toujours très occupé là 9. Nous voulions visiter la Tour Eiffel mais nous n’avions pas beaucoup de temps 10. Elle devait payer soixante-dix euros pour un aller-simple pour Paris 11. Où voulais-tu manger? / Où vouliez-vous manger? 12. Qui voulait la pizza? 13. Pourquoi devaient-ils partir tôt? 14. Peux-tu / Pouvez-vous dire à Jeanne ce que tout le monde veut manger? 15. Il voulait apporter une bouteille de vin avec lui mais nous avons assez de vin ici

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quand voulais-tu partir? 2. Nous devions trouver quelque chose pour Pierre 3. Avez-vous dit à tout le monde à quelle heure le train part? 4. Dites à tout le monde de venir maintenant 5. Que voulais-tu du supermarché? 6. Pierre voulait-il quelque chose du magasin? 7. Je devais tout finir 8. Ils devaient aller à Marseille en train mais je devais rester à l’hôtel 9. Voulais-tu apporter un ami avec toi en vacances? 10. Ils voulaient aller à l’étranger avec nous mais ce n’était pas possible 11. Elle devait me dire quelque chose de très important 12. Je ne voulais pas ça 13. Je n’ai pas dit à Pierre où nous allions 14. Il voulait dire à Sophie mais ce n’était pas possible 15. Que devais-tu faire?

1. When did you want to leave? 2. We had to find something for Pierre 3. Did you tell everybody what time the train leaves? 4. Tell everybody to come now 5. What did you want from the supermarket? 6. Did Pierre want something from the shop? 7. I had to finish everything 8. They had to go to Marseille by train but I had to stay at the hotel 9. Did you want to bring a friend with you on holiday? 10. They wanted to go abroad with us but it wasn’t possible 11. She had to tell me something very important 12. I didn’t want that 13. I didn’t tell Pierre where we were going 14. He wanted to tell Sophie but it wasn’t possible 15. What did you have to do?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. I would like a return ticket for Marseille, please 2. I don’t like the food here 3. I wonder if everything is going to be ready on time 4. Do you hear what they are saying? 5. It’s too big for me 6. Are you ready to go to the supermarket now? 7. There weren’t enough shops to visit 8. I’m not going to hire a car here 9. I would like the beef 10. It’s at one o’clock

1. Je voudrais un aller-retour pour Marseille, s’il vous plaît 2. Je n’aime pas la nourriture ici 3. Je me demande si tout va être à l’heure 4. Entends-tu / Entendez-vous ce qu’ils disent? 5. C’est trop grand pour moi 6. Es-tu / Êtes-vous prêt à aller au supermarché maintenant? 7. Il n’y avait pas assez de magasins à visiter 8. Je ne vais pas louer une voiture ici 9. Je voudrais le bœuf 10. C’est à une heure

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je ne suis pas fatigué 2. Pourquoi vas-tu en voiture? Ce n’est pas très loin d’ici; on peut aller à pied, si tu veux 3. Je vais à Paris en taxi 4. Puis-je la louer pour deux semaines? 5. Le meilleur hôtel est à côté de la Tour Eiffel 6. Nous ne l’avons pas mangé 7. As-tu fait le dîner? 8. Tu payes toujours l’addition 9. Où sont les magasins? 10. Le gâteau de Jeanne n’est pas mauvais

1. I’m not tired 2. Why are you going in the car? It isn’t very far from here; we can walk, if you want 3. I’m going to Paris by taxi 4. Can I hire it for two weeks? 5. The best hotel is next to the Eiffel Tower 6. We didn’t eat it 7. Have you made dinner? 8. You always pay the bill 9. Where are the shops? 10. Jeanne’s cake isn’t bad

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. you wanted (informal) 2. you had to (formal) 3. we wanted 4. they wanted 5. I had to 6. he wanted 7. I wanted 8. to tell Marie 9. she had to 10. to say / to tell 11. he had to 12. we had to 13. you wanted (formal) 14. they had to 15. you had to (informal) 16. she wanted

1. tu voulais 2. vous deviez 3. nous voulions 4. ils voulaient 5. je devais 6. il voulait 7. je voulais 8. dire à Marie 9. elle devait 10. dire 11. il devait 12. nous devions 13. vous vouliez 14. ils devaient 15. tu devais 16. elle voulait

LESSON 91 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to tell (Pierre) I wanted you wanted he wanted she wanted we wanted they wanted I had to you had to he had to she had to we had to they had to If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful word if you’re planning on driving in France:

garer It means “(to) park” You pronounce it “gah-ray”

garer The verb “garer” means “to park” in the sense of parking a vehicle. There’s a little difference between the French and English way of using it, though. In English, it’s perfectly fine to say both of these sentences: Can I park the car here? Can I park here? But, in French, you can’t say the second one. This is because the verb “garer” is classed as a “transitive verb”. What that means is that it always has to have an object after it. In English, the verb “to park” can be “transitive” or “intransitive” meaning you can use an object after it or not.

I’ve parked the car there This is using the verb transitively because you’ve used an object after it: “the car”

I’ve parked there This is using the verb intransitively because you haven’t used an object

In French, you can only ever use the verb “garer” transitively, meaning it always needs an object. Puis-je garer la voiture ici? Can I park the car here? If you want to say, “Can I park here?”, what you actually have to say in French is “Can I park myself here?” Puis-je me garer ici? Can I park here? The word “me” in this sentence means “myself”, and you always have to use it in French if you want to use the verb “park” intr§nsitively in English.

Où puis-je me garer? Where can I park? Literally: where can I park myself?

How would you say this in French?

Can I park here?

Can I park here? Puis-je me garer ici?

You only need the “me” if you’re using the verb “garer” intransitively (without an object). So, how would you say this in French?

Can I park the car here?

Can I park the car here? Puis-je garer la voiture ici?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I park?

Where can I park? Où puis-je me garer?

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object)

How would you say this in French?

Where do I have to park?

Where do I have to park? Où dois-je me garer?

How would you say this in French?

Where do I have to park the car?

Where do I have to park the car? Où dois-je garer la voiture?

The verb “garer” is regular in its conjugation, so, how would you say this in French?

I parked the car in front of the hotel.

I parked the car in front of the hotel. J’ai garé la voiture devant l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre parked the car over there.

Pierre parked the car over there. Pierre a garé la voiture là-bas.

How would you say this in French?

Where did they park the bus?

Where did they park the bus? Où ont-ils garé le bus?

me garer The word “me” means “myself”, so obviously you can only use it when the subject of the sentence is “je”. But what about if you want to say “Where are you parking?” or “He is parking here”? Well, you have to change the “me” to something else. me garer – to park myself te garer – to park yourself se garer – to park himself se garer – to park herself se garer – to park oneself nous garer – to park ourselves vous garer – to park yourself / yourselves se garer – to park themselves So, if you want to use the verb “garer” intransitively (without an object), then you have to use one of the little words. Just in case you were wondering, these little words (me, te, se, nous, vous) are called “reflexive pronouns” and we will learning a lot more about them in a later lesson.

Whilst we’re talking about the verb “garer”, let’s have a look at its conjugation in the present tense: je gare – I park / I’m parking tu gares – you park / you’re parking il gare – he parks / he’s parking elle gare – she parks / she’s parking on gare – one parks / one’s parking nous garons – we park / we’re parking vous garez – you park / you’re parking ils garent – they park / they’re parking That was the present tense with “garer”. If you want to use the verb intransitively (without an object), you simply have to insert the reflexive pronoun after the subject pronoun: je me gare – I park / I’m parking myself tu te gares – you park / you’re parking yourself il se gare – he parks / he’s parking himself elle se gare – she parks / she’s parking herself on se gare – one parks / one’s parking oneself nous nous garons – we park / we’re parking ourselves vous vous garez – you park / you’re parking yourself / yourselves ils se garent – they park / they’re parking themselves

How would you say this in French?

Where are you parking the car?

Where are you parking the car? Où gares-tu / garez-vous la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

Can we park here?

Can we park here? Pouvons-nous nous garer ici?

How would you say this in French?

He’s parking next to the restaurant.

He’s parking next to the restaurant. Il se gare à côté du restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Can one park here?

Can one park here? Peut-on se garer ici?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, can I park here?

Excuse me, can I park here? Excusez-moi, puis-je me garer ici?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to park the car?

Where are you going to park the car? Où vas-tu garer la voiture? / Où allez-vous garer la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to park?

Where are you going to park? Où vas-tu te garer? / Où allez-vous vous garer?

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object) te garer – to park ("yourself" + no object) se garer – to park ("himself / herself / oneself / themselves" + no object) nous garer – to park ("ourselves" + no object) vous garer – to park ("yourself / yourselves" + no object)

Here’s a useful term:

quelque part It means “somewhere” You pronounce it “kel-keugh par”

How would you say this in French?

Can I park somewhere here?

Can I park somewhere here? Puis-je me garer quelque part ici?

How would you say this in French?

There is somewhere where you can park here.

There is somewhere where you can park here. Il y a quelque part où tu peux te garer ici. / Il y a quelque part où vous pouvez vous garer ici.

How would you say this in French?

He can park the car somewhere near the restaurant.

He can park the car somewhere near the restaurant. Il peut garer la voiture quelque part près du restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

He is somewhere in France.

He is somewhere in France. Il est quelque part en France.

How would you say this in French?

Can I wait for you somewhere?

Can I wait for you somewhere? Puis-je te / vous attendre quelque part?

How would you say this in French?

She is somewhere with Marie.

She is somewhere with Marie. Elle est quelque part avec Marie.

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object) te garer – to park ("yourself" + no object) se garer – to park ("himself / herself / oneself / themselves" + no object) nous garer – to park ("ourselves" + no object) vous garer – to park ("yourself / yourselves" + no object) quelque part – somewhere

You’ll often see the word “quelque” used in front of phrases in French, and it means “some”:

quelqu’un It means “someone” or “somebody” You pronounce it “kel-kan”

How would you say this in French?

I told somebody yesterday.

I told somebody yesterday. J’ai dit à quelqu’un hier.

How would you say this in French?

Did you see somebody at the hotel?

Did you see somebody at the hotel? As-tu / Avez-vous vu quelqu’un à l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

Is there somebody here who speaks English?

Is there somebody here who speaks English? Y a-t-il quelqu’un ici qui parle anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Somebody has taken my key.

Somebody has taken my key. Quelqu’un a pris ma clé.

How would you say this in French?

Marie said that somebody wanted to talk with me.

Marie said that somebody wanted to talk with me. Marie a dit que quelqu’un voulait parler avec moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object) te garer – to park ("yourself" + no object) se garer – to park ("himself / herself / oneself / themselves" + no object) nous garer – to park ("ourselves" + no object) vous garer – to park ("yourself / yourselves" + no object) quelque part – somewhere quelqu’un – someone / somebody

somebody The word “quelqu’un“, which means “somebody” or “someone” in French always takes the same conjugation as the third person singular. This means that you give it the same verbs or verb endings as you would give to the “he” and “she” conjugations.

il voulait he wanted

elle voulait she wanted

quelqu’un voulait somebody wanted

How would you say this in French?

Somebody fancies an ice cream.

Somebody fancies an ice cream. Quelqu’un a envie d’une glace.

How would you say this in French?

Somebody has parked a car here.

Somebody has parked a car here. Quelqu’un a garé une voiture ici.

How would you say this in French?

Somebody can park there.

Somebody can park there. Quelqu’un peut se garer là.

How would you say this in French?

I need somebody.

I need somebody. J’ai besoin de quelqu’un.

If you’re asking a question with “quelqu’un” as the subject, then you should treat it in the same way as you treat a name, and you always use the masculine “il” unless there’s no way the “somebody” could be masculine. How would you say this in French?

Can somebody help me?

Can somebody help me? Quelqu’un peut-il m’aider?

How would you say this in French?

Excuse me, can somebody help me with this problem?

Excuse me, can somebody help me with this problem? Excusez-moi, quelqu’un peut-il m’aider avec ce problème?

How would you say this in French?

Does somebody speak English here?

Does somebody speak English here? Quelqu’un parle-t-il anglais ici?

anybody In English, we very often use the word “anybody” in questions rather than “somebody”. Can anybody hear me? Does anybody speak French? Will anybody help me? However, in French, the words “somebody” and “anybody” can both be translated as “quelqu’un”

Quelqu’un parle-t-il anglais? Does anybody speak English?

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object) te garer – to park ("yourself" + no object) se garer – to park ("himself / herself / oneself / themselves" + no object) nous garer – to park ("ourselves" + no object) vous garer – to park ("yourself / yourselves" + no object) quelque part – somewhere quelqu’un – someone / somebody / anyone / anybody

How would you say this in French?

Does anybody know where Marie is?

Does anybody know where Marie is? Quelqu’un sait-il où est Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Can anybody help me?

Can anybody help me? Quelqu’un peut-il m’aider?

Here’s another “quelque” word:

quelquefois It means “sometimes” You pronounce it “kel-keugh-fwah”

How would you say this in French?

Sometimes I go to France, but sometimes I go to Spain.

Sometimes I go to France, but sometimes I go to Spain. Quelquefois je vais en France, mais quelquefois je vais en Espagne.

How would you say this in French?

I like spending the holidays in England, but sometimes, I prefer to spend the holidays in France.

I like spending the holidays in England, but sometimes, I prefer to spend the holidays in France. J’aime passer les vacances en Angleterre, mais quelquefois, je préfère passer les vacances en France.

How would you say this in French?

Sometimes, it’s very cold in London.

Sometimes, it’s very cold in London. Quelquefois, il fait très froid à Londres.

The word “quelquefois” is an adverb, and usually in French, you place adverbs at the start of a sentence. How would you say this in French?

There are sometimes too many people here.

There are sometimes too many people here. Quelquefois, il y a trop de personnes / trop de monde / trop de gens ici.

How would you say this in French?

Sometimes, we like to go to the beach, but today it’s too cold.

Sometimes, we like to go to the beach, but today it’s too cold. Quelquefois, nous aimons aller à la plage, but aujourd’hui il fait trop froid.

How would you say this in French?

Sometimes it’s good, but sometimes it’s bad.

Sometimes it’s good, but sometimes it’s bad. Quelquefois c’est bon, mais quelquefois c’est mauvais.

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object) te garer – to park ("yourself" + no object) se garer – to park ("himself / herself / oneself / themselves" + no object) nous garer – to park ("ourselves" + no object) vous garer – to park ("yourself / yourselves" + no object) quelque part – somewhere quelqu’un – someone / somebody / anyone / anybody quelquefois – sometimes

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

un garage It means “a garage” You pronounce it “an(g) gah-rajsh”

How would you say this in French?

Is there a garage nearby?

Is there a garage nearby? Y a-t-il un garage près d’ici?

How would you say this in French?

Can I park the car in the garage?

Can I park the car in the garage? Puis-je garer la voiture dans le garage?

How would you say this in French?

Can I park in the garage?

Can I park in the garage? Puis-je me garer dans le garage?

How would you say this in French?

Is there a garage where we can park the car?

Is there a garage where we can park the car? Y a-t-il un garage où nous pouvons garer le garage?

How would you say this in French?

He needs a garage where he can leave the car.

He needs a garage where he can leave the car. Il a besoin d’un garage où il peut laisser la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

The garage is too small for my car.

The garage is too small for my car. Le garage est trop petit pour ma voiture.

How would you say this in French?

The car is in the garage.

The car is in the garage. La voiture est dans le garage.

How would you say this in French?

Do you know where I can find a garage?

Do you know where I can find a garage? Sais-tu / Savez-vous où je peux trouver un garage?

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object) te garer – to park ("yourself" + no object) se garer – to park ("himself / herself / oneself / themselves" + no object) nous garer – to park ("ourselves" + no object) vous garer – to park ("yourself / yourselves" + no object) quelque part – somewhere quelqu’un – someone / somebody / anyone / anybody quelquefois – sometimes un garage – a garage

If you can’t find a garage to park your car, you’ll need one of these instead:

un endroit sûr It means “a safe place” You pronounce it “an on-dwrah seughr”

How would you say this in French?

Is there a safe place where I can leave my car?

Is there a safe place where I can leave my car? Y a-t-il un endroit sûr où je peux laisser ma voiture?

For this next sentence, you’ll need the word for “a bike”, which is “un vélo”. So, how would you say this in French?

Can I leave my bike in a safe place?

Can I leave my bike in a safe place? Puis-je laisser mon vélo dans un endroit sûr?

How would you say this in French?

I must put the key in a safe place.

I must put the key in a safe place. Je dois mettre la clé dans un endroit sûr.

How would you say this in French?

You have to put this in a very safe place because it is very expensive.

You have to put this in a very safe place because it is very expensive. Tu dois / Vous devez mettre ceci dans un endroit très sûr parce qu’il est très cher.

How would you say this in French?

They’ve put the money in a safe place in the room.

They’ve put the money in a safe place in the room. Ils ont mis l’argent dans un endroit sûr dans la chambre.

How would you say this in French?

We need to find a safe place where we can talk.

We need to find a safe place where we can talk. Nous avons besoin de trouver un endroit sûr où nous pouvons parler.

How would you say this in French?

This isn’t a safe place for children.

This isn’t a safe place for children. Ceci n’est pas un endroit sûr pour les enfants.

WORD LIST SO FAR garer – to park + object me garer – to park ("myself" + no object) te garer – to park ("yourself" + no object) se garer – to park ("himself / herself / oneself / themselves" + no object) nous garer – to park ("ourselves" + no object) vous garer – to park ("yourself / yourselves" + no object) quelque part – somewhere quelqu’un – someone / somebody / anyone / anybody quelquefois – sometimes un garage – a garage un endroit sûr – a safe place

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Somebody has taken my money! Is there someone here who speaks English? He is parking the car Where did you park the car? I left the car in a safe place Does anybody know how it works? You can’t park there I’m parking next to the restaurant Is there somewhere where I can park nearby? Does anybody know what Pierre is doing? I need to find a garage for the car Sometimes it’s very cold in England Marie left the key somewhere in the room I want to find somewhere where I can buy a pizza Sometimes Pierre likes to come with me but he’s too busy today

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Quelqu’un a pris mon argent! Y a-t-il quelqu’un ici qui parle anglais? Il gare la voiture Où as-tu / avez-vous garé la voiture? J’ai laissé la voiture dans un endroit sûr Quelqu’un sait-il comment ça marche? Tu ne peux pas te garer là / Vous ne pouvez pas vous garer là Je me gare près du restaurant Y a-t-il quelque part où je peux me garer près d’ici? Quelqu’un sait-il ce que Pierre fait? J’ai besoin de trouver un garage pour la voiture Quelquefois il fait très froid en Angleterre Marie a laissé la clé quelque part dans la chambre Je veux trouver quelque part où je peux acheter une pizza Quelquefois Pierre aime venir avec moi mais il est trop occupé aujourd’hui

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Nous voulions nous garer ici mais il n’y avait pas un endroit sûr Y a-t-il un garage près d’ici où je peux laisser ma voiture? Je laisse tout dans un endroit sûr dans la chambre quand nous allons à la plage Quelqu’un a garé un bus devant l’hôtel Peut-on se garer ici? Où peut-on se garer? Y a-t-il quelque part où je peux laisser la clé? Où as-tu garé la voiture? Y a-t-il un endroit sûr où je peux mettre mon vélo? Quelquefois j’aime aller à Paris mais quelquefois je vais à Marseille Y a-t-il quelqu’un ici qui comprend l’anglais? Quelqu’un a pris mon passeport! Puis-je parler avec quelqu’un qui peut m’aider, s’il vous plaît? Marie veut trouver un endroit sûr pour les enfants Quelquefois j’aime manger à l’hôtel, mais quelquefois j’aime sortir à un restaurant

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

We wanted to park here but there wasn’t a safe place Is there a garage nearby where I can leave my car? I leave everything in a safe place in the room when we go to the beach Somebody has parked a bus in front of the hotel Can one park here? Where can one park? Is there somewhere where I can leave the key? Where did you park the car? Is there a safe place where I can put my bike? Sometimes I like to go to Paris but sometimes I go to Marseille Is there somebody here who understands English? Somebody has taken my passport! Can I speak with somebody who can help me, please? Marie wants to find a safe place for the children Sometimes I like to eat at the hotel, but sometimes I like to go out to a restaurant

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Turn left and it’s on the left I’m going abroad with my friends next year That’s much too big for me There wasn’t much food at the hotel, but we’re eating at a restaurant tonight 5. I was going to do it later because I’m too tired now 6. They arrived on time yesterday 7. She brought some food with her 8. He was going to take a taxi but the bus is much less expensive 9. We’re going to speak lots of French in France 10. That is perfect but I would like the blue, please

1. 2. 3. 4.

Tournez à gauche et c’est à gauche Je vais à l’étranger avec mes amis l’année prochaine Ça c’est beaucoup trop grand pour moi Il n’y avait pas beaucoup de nourriture à l’hôtel, mais nous mangeons au restaurant ce soir 5. J’allais le faire plus tard parce que je suis trop fatigué maintenant 6. Ils sont arrivés à l’heure hier 7. Elle a apporté de la nourriture avec elle 8. Il allait prendre un taxi mais le bus est beaucoup moins cher 9. Nous allons parler beaucoup de français en France 10. Ça c’est parfait mais je voudrais le bleu, s’il vous plaît

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais deux bouteilles de vin, s’il vous plaît 2. Je vais faire une réservation pour cinq personnes 3. Nous n’allons pas prendre le dîner au restaurant ce soir 4. Tout est plus grand ici 5. Pour aller au centre-ville? 6. Ils boivent toujours une bouteille de vin rouge avec le dîner 7. Puis-je aller à la piscine? 8. Ils devaient partir tôt 9. Ça me fait plaisir de rester ici avec vous 10. Je n’ai pas vu Pierre à la plage

1. I would like two bottles of wine, please 2. I’m going to make a reservation for five people 3. We’re not going to have dinner at the restaurant tonight 4. Everything is bigger here 5. How do I get to the city centre? 6. They always drink a bottle of red wine with dinner 7. Can I go to the swimming pool? 8. They had to leave early 9. I’m glad to stay here with you 10. I didn’t see Pierre at the beach

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. we had to 2. we wanted 3. I had to 4. he wanted 5. sometimes 6. I wanted 7. he had to 8. you wanted (informal) 9. a safe place 10. somewhere 11. you had to (informal) 12. to tell Marie 13. to say / to tell 14. you had to (formal) 15. to park (myself) 16. she had to 17. to park (yourself/yourselves) 18. to park (ourselves) 19. they had to 20. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 21. a garage

22. to park + object 23. she wanted 24. they wanted 25. to park (yourself (informal)) 26. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 27. you wanted (formal)

1. nous devions 2. nous voulions 3. je devais 4. il voulait 5. quelquefois 6. je voulais 7. il devait 8. tu voulais 9. un endroit sûr 10. quelque part 11. tu devais 12. dire à Marie 13. dire 14. vous deviez 15. me garer 16. elle devait 17. vous garer 18. nous garer 19. ils devaient 20. se garer 21. un garage 22. garer 23. elle voulait

24. ils voulaient 25. te garer 26. quelqu'un 27. vous vouliez

LESSON 92 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to park somewhere someone / somebody sometimes a garage a safe place If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s another verb (savoir) in the imperfect tense:

je savais It means “I knew” You pronounce it “jsheugh sah-vay”

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t know.

I didn’t know. Je ne savais pas.

How would you say this in French?

Yes, I knew.

Yes, I knew. Oui, je savais.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t know if it was possible.

I didn’t know if it was possible. Je ne savais pas si c’était possible.

Now, let’s see if you can use the “imperfect tense” endings to try and conjugate “je savais” into all the different persons. How would you say this in French?

You knew.

You knew. Tu savais. / Vous saviez.

How would you say this in French?

He knew.

He knew. Il savait.

How would you say this in French?

She knew.

She knew. Elle savait.

How would you say this in French?

We knew.

We knew. Nous savions.

How would you say this in French?

They knew.

They knew. Ils savaient.

Savoir Here’s the imperfect conjugation of the verb “savoir”: savoir – to know je savais – I knew tu savais – you knew il savait – he knew elle savait – she knew nous savions – we knew vous saviez – you knew ils savaient – they knew

A different sort of infinitive carrier Instead of just using “savoir” as an infinitive carrier by itself, you can do something pretty amazing to enhance this infinitive carrier’s capabilities. There are two words you can add in front of the infinitive. The first word is “où” (where):

je ne savais pas où aller I didn’t know where to go

je ne savais pas où manger I didn’t know where to eat The second word you can add is “quoi” (what):

je ne sais pas quoi faire I don’t know what to do

How would you say this in French?

Do you know where to go?

Do you know where to go? Sais-tu / Savez-vous où aller?

How would you say this in French?

Did you know what to do?

Did you know what to do? Savais-tu quoi faire? / Saviez-vous quoi faire?

How would you say this in French?

We didn’t know where to park.

We didn’t know where to park. Nous ne savions pas où nous garer.

How would you say this in French?

He didn’t know what to do.

He didn’t know what to do. Il ne savait pas quoi faire.

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t know what to say to Pierre.

I didn’t know what to say to Pierre. Je ne savais pas quoi dire à Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

Do they know where to park?

Do they know where to park? Savent-ils où se garer?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know what to buy for Marie.

I don’t know what to buy for Marie. Je ne sais pas quoi acheter pour Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Do you know where to hire a bike?

Do you know where to hire a bike? Sais-tu / Savez-vous où louer un vélo?

How would you say this in French?

She doesn’t know what to do.

She doesn’t know what to do. Elle ne sait pas quoi faire.

What? So, we’ve learnt a few different ways to say “what” now.

que used at the beginning of a question

ce que used in a non-question (usually the middle)

quoi used in front of an infinitive It’s not too difficult to remember the difference between the three ways to say “what”, but don’t panic if you do mix them up now and again. They all have the same basic meaning, so you’ll get your point across but you’ll just sound a little strange.

How would you say this in French?

What do you want?

What do you want? Que veux-tu? / Que voulez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know what he wants.

I don’t know what he wants. Je ne sais pas ce qu’il veut.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know what to do.

I don’t know what to do. Je ne sais pas quoi faire.

How would you say this in French?

What he wants is a bigger car.

What he wants is a bigger car. Ce qu’il veut est une voiture plus grande.

How would you say this in French?

Did you hear what she said?

Did you hear what she said? As-tu entendu ce qu’elle a dit? / Avez-vous entendu ce qu’elle a dit?

How would you say this in French?

I don’t know what to say.

I don’t know what to say. Je ne sais pas quoi dire.

How would you say this in French?

What did they do?

What did they do? Qu’ont-ils fait?

Know how I said that you can put any infinitive on the end of “savoir” to mean “to know how” to do something. However, occasionally, you can add the word “comment” to mean “how” in that situation. Generally, if you’re talking about how to do something that is a learned skill, you don’t need to use “comment”: je sais conduire I know how to drive je sais lire I know how to read je sais monter à cheval I know how to ride horses However, if you’re not really talking about a skill, you can use “comment” je ne sais pas dire ça en français I don’t know how to say that in French je sais le faire I know how to do it Don’t worry if you don’t use the “comment” when you need it or if you do use it when it’s not needed; you will still be understood.

WORD LIST SO FAR savoir – to know je savais – I knew tu savais – you knew (informal) il savait – he knew elle savait – she knew nous savions – we knew vous saviez – you knew (formal / plural) ils savaient – they knew que – what (question) ce que – what (non-question) quoi – what (in front of an infinitive)

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I don’t know where to go Did they know how to do it? They knew what to do but they didn’t do it Does he know what you’re doing? Do you know how to say that in English? I don’t know what to do tomorrow I didn’t know where I could park my car We knew where it was but we were very tired He didn’t know where to go yesterday She didn’t know what to eat

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Je ne sais pas où aller Savaient-ils (comment) le faire? Ils savaient quoi faire mais ils ne l’ont pas fait Sait-il ce que tu fais / vous faites? Sais-tu / Savez-vous comment dire ça en anglais? Je ne sais pas quoi faire demain Je ne savais pas où je pouvais garer ma voiture Nous savions où c’était mais nous étions très fatigués Il ne savait pas où aller hier Elle ne savait pas quoi manger

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Que voulaient-ils faire? As-tu entendu ce qu’ils ont dit? Savent-ils quoi faire? Elle savait comment le faire mais elle ne voulait pas le faire Je suis désolé mais nous ne savions pas ce que tu voulais Savez-vous où acheter du pain? Je ne sais pas comment dire cela en français Savais-tu pourquoi il est parti? Je suis désolé mais je ne savais pas ce que c’était Je ne savais pas quoi dire

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

What did they want to do? Did you hear what they said? Do they know what to do? She knew how to do it but she didn’t want to do it I’m sorry but we didn’t know what you wanted Do you know where to buy some bread? I don’t know how to say that in French Did you know why he left? I’m sorry but I didn’t know what it was I didn’t know what to say

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I would like a big table, please Michel was a lot more tired than me She was right Can I hire a car here? I wanted to buy it last week, but I couldn’t find my card Yes, I think it’s fantastic here A bit more for him, please We’re going to have dinner here They didn’t make a reservation Why are you going in the car?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Je voudrais une grande table, s’il vous plaît Michel était beaucoup plus fatigué que moi Elle avait raison Puis-je louer une voiture ici? Je voulais l’acheter la semaine dernière, mais je ne pouvais pas trouver ma carte 6. Oui, pour moi, c’est fantastique ici 7. Un peu plus pour lui, s’il vous plaît 8. Nous allons prendre le dîner ici 9. Ils n’ont pas fait une réservation 10. Pourquoi vas-tu / allez-vous en voiture?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ce n’est pas très loin d’ici; nous pouvons aller à pied, si tu veux 2. Ils vont à Marseille 3. Si tu as tort, ils vont être très tristes 4. Vas-tu payer l’addition? 5. Tout ici est toujours délicieux 6. Le chauffage ne marche pas et il fait très froid aujourd’hui 7. Je voudrais une bouteille de vin, s’il vous plaît 8. C’est combien pour deux mois? 9. On est anglais mais on n’habite pas en Angleterre 10. Tu apprends le français depuis cinq ans maintenant

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

It isn’t very far from here; we can walk, if you want They’re going to Marseille If you’re wrong, they’re going to be very sad Are you going to pay the bill? Everything here is always delicious The heating doesn’t work and it’s very cold out today I would like a bottle of wine, please How much is it for two months? We are English but we don’t live in England You’ve been learning French for five years now

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I wanted 2. to know 3. you wanted (informal) 4. to say / to tell 5. what (question) 6. to tell Marie 7. to park (yourself (informal)) 8. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 9. I knew 10. he wanted 11. what (non-question) 12. what (in front of an infinitive) 13. they wanted 14. sometimes 15. he had to 16. he knew 17. you had to (formal) 18. you knew (formal) 19. to park (yourself/yourselves) 20. she knew 21. she wanted

22. to park + object 23. a safe place 24. you had to (informal) 25. they had to 26. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 27. we had to 28. they knew 29. we knew 30. to park (myself) 31. I had to 32. a garage 33. somewhere 34. we wanted 35. she had to 36. you knew (informal) 37. you wanted (formal) 38. to park (ourselves)

1. je voulais 2. savoir 3. tu voulais 4. dire 5. que 6. dire à Marie 7. te garer 8. quelqu'un 9. je savais 10. il voulait 11. ce que 12. quoi 13. ils voulaient 14. quelquefois 15. il devait 16. il savait 17. vous deviez 18. vous saviez 19. vous garer 20. elle savait 21. elle voulait 22. garer 23. un endroit sûr

24. tu devais 25. ils devaient 26. se garer 27. nous devions 28. ils savaient 29. nous savions 30. me garer 31. je devais 32. un garage 33. quelque part 34. nous voulions 35. elle devait 36. tu savais 37. vous vouliez 38. nous garer

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons ninety to ninety-two of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons ninety-three to ninety-five, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 93 – 95 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 90-92”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world

that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 93 LESSON 94 LESSON 95 Merci

LESSON 93 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I knew you knew he knew she knew we knew they knew what (in a question) what (in a non-question) what (in front of an infinitive) If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

In this lesson, we’re going to learn a little mor grammar…

Reflexive Verbs Remember when we learnt the verb “garer” and I said that if you want to use it by itself, you have to add a little extra word called a “reflexive pronoun”?

je me gare – I park tu te gares – you park il se gare – he parks elle se gare – she parks nous nous garons – we park vous vous garez – you park ils se garent – they park This sort of verb actually has a special name: a reflexive verb. Reflexive verbs are verbs that represent an action you’re doing to yourself. Here’s an example: j’appelle Marie – I’m calling Marie “J’appelle” comes from the verb “appeler”, which means “to call”. When you conjugate it normally, it just means “I’m calling”. j’appelle Marie – I’m calling Marie j’appelle Pierre – I’m calling Pierre j’appelle Marie et Pierre – I’m calling Marie and Pierre However, if you change “j’appelle” to “je m’appelle”, it now changes its meaning to “I’m called” (literally – I call myself). This verb is now reflexive as you’re calling yourself something. je m’appelle Marie – I’m called Marie je m’appelle Pierre – I’m called Pierre

You can conjugate a reflexive verb in the same way that you would conjugate a normal verb. The only difference is that you have to put something called a “reflexive pronoun” in front of the verb. We saw this when we were talking about the verb “garer” meaning “to park”. You can tell the infinitive of a reflexive verb because it has a little “se” (or s’ in its contracted form) in front of it, which means “oneself”. So, “appeler” means “to call” and in its reflexive form “s’appeler” means “to be called” (literally: to call oneself). Similarly, “garer” means “to park” and you have to put an object on the end, whilst “se garer” means “to park oneself”.

s'appeler Here is the conjugation of “s’appeler” in the present tense. je m’appelle – I’m called tu t’appelles – you’re called il s’appelle – he’s called elle s’appelle – she’s called nous nous appelons – we’re called vous vous appelez – you’re called ils s’appellent – they’re called So, the reflexive pronouns are the little words you put in front of the verb to make it reflexive and to change the verb’s meaning slightly. je me … – I … myself tu te … – you … yourself il se … – he … himself elle se … – she … herself nous nous … – we … ourselves vous vous … – you … yourself / yourselves ils se … – they … themselves I think the French got a little lazy when they got to the “nous” and “vous” reflexive pronouns; they didn’t try to change them at all!

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – (to) call s’appeler – (to) be called

There are quite a few reflexive verbs in French, and in this lesson, we’re going to cover a few of the most common ones. Here’s a verb that isn’t reflexive but it can be made into a reflexive:

laver It means “(to) wash” You pronounce it “lah-vay”

How would you say this in French?

I need to wash the car.

I need to wash the car. J’ai besoin de laver la voiture.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is washing Pierre.

Marie is washing Pierre. Marie lave Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

He hasn’t washed the car.

He hasn’t washed the car. Il n’a pas lavé la voiture.

If you make “laver” reflexive, it changes the meaning slightly:

se laver It means “(to) have a wash” You pronounce it “seugh lah-vay”

se laver Here is the conjugation of “se laver” in the present tense. je me lave – I’m having a wash tu te lave – you’re having a wash il se lave – he’s having a wash elle se lave – she’s having a wash nous nous lavons – we’re having a wash vous vous lavez – you’re having a wash ils se lavent – they’re having a wash

How do you say this in French?

I’m having a wash now.

I’m having a wash now. Je me lave maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

They’re having a wash and then they’re going to the supermarket.

They’re having a wash and then they’re going to the supermarket. Ils se lavent et puis ils vont au supermarché.

How would you say this in French?

He’s having a wash and then he’s going to the beach.

He’s having a wash and then he’s going to the beach. Il se lave et puis il va à la plage.

How would you say this in French?

I’m having a wash and then I’m washing the car.

I’m having a wash and then I’m washing the car. Je me lave et puis je lave la voiture.

reflexive So, do you see how by making a verb reflexive, you change the meaning so that the action is being done to yourself (or himself or herself, etc…) instead of being done to somebody or something else. In a reflexive sentence, you are the subject and the object. je lave la voiture I’m washing the car “je” is the subject and “la voiture” is the object je me lave I’m having a wash (I’m washing myself) “je” is the subject and “me” is the object

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – (to) call s’appeler – (to) be called laver – (to) wash se laver – (to) have a wash

The verb “lever” means “to lift” or “to raise”. It’s where we get the “a lever” from; it’s something that lifts something up, and we also get words like “levitate”. If we make it reflexive, we get this:

se lever It means “(to) get up” Literally it means to lift yourself up You pronounce it “seugh leh-vay”

se lever Here is the conjugation of “se lever” in the present tense. You’ll notice that it is slightly irregular; it gains a little grave accent on the first “e” in the je/tu/il/elle/ils conjugations. je me lève – I’m getting up tu te lèves – you’re getting up il se lève – he’s getting up elle se lève – she’s getting up nous nous lavons – we’re getting up vous vous lavez – you’re getting up ils se lèvent – they’re getting up

How would you say this in French?

I’m getting up early tomorrow.

I’m getting up early tomorrow. Je me lève tôt demain.

How would you say this in French?

If we get up at 7 o’clock, we can leave early.

If we get up at 7 o’clock, we can leave early. Si nous nous levons à sept heures, nous pouvons partir tôt.

How would you say this in French?

Marie gets up late.

Marie gets up late. Marie se lève tard.

You can use “se lever” with an infinitive carrier and you have to use it in the infinitive, but you still use the “me”. How would you say this in French?

I have to get up early tomorrow.

I have to get up early tomorrow. Je dois me lever tôt demain.

How would you say this in French?

We’re going to get up at 6 o’clock.

We’re going to get up at 6 o’clock. Nous allons nous lever à six heures.

How would you say this in French?

They don’t want to get up now.

They don’t want to get up now. Ils ne veulent pas se lever maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to get up?

What time do you want to get up? À quelle heure veux-tu te lever? / À quelle heure voulez-vous vous lever?

How would you say this in French?

They’re getting up at seven and the train leaves at eight.

They’re getting up at seven and the train leaves at eight. Ils se lèvent à sept heures et le train part à huit heures.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – (to) call s’appeler – (to) be called laver – (to) wash se laver – (to) have a wash se lever – (to) get up

Here’s a reflexive verb that comes as part of a phrase:

se rendre compte It means “(to) realise” or “(to) be aware) You pronounce it “seugh ron-dreugh compt”

se rendre compte The actual verb in the phrase “se rendre compte” is “rendre”, so that’s the bit that you conjugate. The word “compte” is just a noun, so it stays the same throughout the conjugation. The literal meaning of “se rendre compte” is a little odd: “to make oneself account”, so it’s probably best just to learn it as “to realise”. The verb “rendre” is actually another way to say “to make” (“faire” is used a lot more though, just not in this phrase). je me rends compte – I realise tu te rends compte – you realise il se rend compte – he realises elle se rend compte – she realises nous nous rendons compte – we realise vous vous rendez compte – you realise ils se rendent compte – they realise When a verb is part of a phrase, like “se rendre compte”, it’s called a “phrasal verb”. The phrasal verb “se rendre compte” means both “to realise” and “to be aware”. If you want to say “I realise that…”, the word for “that” in this situation is “que”. je me rends compte que Pierre ne vient pas I realise (that) Pierre isn’t coming (in English, the “that” is optional. In French, the “que” must be used) je me rends compte qu’il est tard I realise (that) it’s late

How would you say this in French?

I realise that Pierre is here.

I realise that Pierre is here. Je me rends compte que Pierre est ici.

How would you say this in French?

They don’t realise that we’re coming too.

They don’t realise that we’re coming too. Ils ne se rendent pas compte que nous venons aussi.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre doesn’t realise that Marie wants to come.

Pierre doesn’t realise that Marie wants to come. Pierre ne se rend pas compte que Marie veut venir.

How would you say this in French?

I realise that I haven’t finished but I want to go home now.

I realise that I haven’t finished but I want to go home now. Je me rends compte que je n’ai pas fini mais je veux aller chez moi maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

We’re getting up at half past eight because breakfast is at nine o’clock.

We’re getting up at half past eight because breakfast is at nine o’clock. Nous nous levons à huit heures et demie parce que le petit-déjeuner est à neuf heures.

How would you say this in French?

We’re not getting up early because we are on holiday.

We’re not getting up early because we are on holiday. Nous ne nous levons pas tôt parce que nous sommes en vacances.

How would you say this in French?

I realise now that I was wrong.

I realise now that I was wrong. Je me rends compte maintenant que j’avais tort.

How would you say this in French?

I’m having a wash and then I’m going to the beach.

I’m having a wash and then I’m going to the beach. Je me lave et puis je vais à la plage.

How would you say this in French?

I am aware that he wants to come too, but I don’t know where he is.

I am aware that he wants to come too, but I don’t know where he is. Je me rends compte qu’il veut venir aussi, mais je ne sais pas où il est.

How would you say this in French?

I realise that he wants to come too, but he’s not getting up until nine o’clock and we’re getting up very early.

I realise that he wants to come too, but he’s not getting up until nine o’clock and we’re getting up very early. Je me rends compte qu’il veut venir aussi, mais il ne se lève pas jusqu’à neuf heures et nous nous levons très tôt.

WORD LIST SO FAR appeler – (to) call s’appeler – (to) be called laver – (to) wash se laver – (to) have a wash se lever – (to) get up se rendre compte – (to) realise

reflexive verbs That’s four of the most common reflex verbs you can use in a lot of conversations. All you have to remember is that they are normal verbs, but you just have to put the little reflexive pronouns in front of them:

me te se se nous vous se I’ll leave you with those four verbs for now, but we’ll learn some more as we progress through later lessons.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

I’m calling my friend tomorrow; she’s called Marie Do you want to wash my car? I need to have a wash We’re getting up early tomorrow because we’re going on holiday What time do you want to get up? I realise that it’s not perfect but I like it Do you realise that the car isn’t here? They said they’re getting up at 7 o’clock tomorrow because the breakfast is at 7:30 9. When are you getting up? 10. Do you want to have a wash before me?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

J’appelle mon amie demain; elle s’appelle Marie Veux-tu / Voulez-vous laver ma voiture? J’ai besoin de me laver Nous nous levons tôt demain parce que nous allons en vacances À quelle heure veux-tu te lever? / À quelle heure voulez-vous vous lever? 6. Je me rends compte que ce n’est pas parfait mais je l’aime 7. Te rends-tu compte que la voiture n’est pas ici? / Vous rendez-vous compte que la voiture n’est pas ici? 8. Ils ont dit qu’ils se lèvent à sept heures demain parce que le petitdéjeuner est à sept heures et demie 9. Quand te lèves-tu? / Quand vous levez-vous? 10. Veux-tu te laver avant moi? / Voulez-vous vous lever avant moi?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Les enfants se lavent et puis nous allons au supermarché As-tu lavé le chien aujourd’hui? Il ne se rend pas compte qu’ils viennent avec nous Qui as-tu appelé? Je vais me lever tôt et me laver Pierre ne se lève pas tôt Nous avons besoin de nous lever avant huit heures si nous voulons prendre le petit-déjeuner à l’hôtel 8. Se rend-elle compte que tu veux aller avec elle? 9. Elle ne se lave pas 10. Pourquoi ne vous levez-vous pas avant Sophie?

1. The children are having a wash and then we’re going to the supermarket 2. Have you washed the dog today? 3. He doesn’t realise that they’re coming with us 4. Whom did you call? 5. I’m going to get up early and have a wash 6. Pierre doesn’t get up early 7. We need to get up before 8 o’clock if we want to have breakfast at the hotel 8. Does she realise that you want to go with her? 9. She’s not having a wash 10. Why don’t you get up before Sophie?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. Where are the trolleys? 2. Are you going to take a taxi? 3. It’s sixty euros 4. Have we paid the bill? 5. I’m only spending one week here 6. How long are you going to spend abroad? 7. Where can I hire a car? 8. It isn’t very good there 9. I wasn’t wrong; it’s very hot today 10. Marie and Sophie are here now, do they want to come with us to the supermarket?

1. Où sont les chariots? 2. Vas-tu / Allez-vous prendre un taxi? 3. C’est soixante euros 4. Avons-nous payé l’addition? 5. Je passe seulement une semaine ici 6. Combien de temps vas-tu / allez-vous passer à l’étranger? 7. Où puis-je louer une voiture? 8. Ce n’est pas très bon là 9. J’avais tort; il fait très chaud aujourd’hui 10. Marie et Sophie sont ici maintenant, veulent-ils venir avec nous au supermarché?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. A-t-il vu la voiture? 2. C’est à cinq heures et quart 3. Ils vont passer trois semaines aux États-Unis 4. J’espère que je peux tout voir 5. Elle a tout compris 6. Je voudrais du beurre 7. Nous sommes allés au cinéma hier 8. Je ne vais pas à la plage aujourd’hui; je vais là plus tard 9. Es-tu pressé? 10. N’a-t-il pas commandé de vin?

1. Has he seen the car? 2. It’s at quarter past five 3. They’re going to spend three weeks in the United States 4. I hope I can see everything 5. She understood everything 6. I would like some butter 7. We went to the cinema yesterday 8. I’m not going to the beach today; I’m going there later 9. Are you busy? 10. Hasn’t he ordered any wine?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. to park (yourself/yourselves) 2. we knew 3. to wash 4. a garage 5. she knew 6. to park (myself) 7. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 8. you knew (formal) 9. I wanted 10. to park + object 11. to know 12. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 13. you wanted (informal) 14. she had to 15. we wanted 16. you wanted (formal) 17. he knew 18. I knew 19. you had to (informal) 20. he wanted 21. we had to

22. a safe place 23. sometimes 24. to tell Marie 25. to realise 26. you had to (formal) 27. to park (yourself (informal)) 28. to say / to tell 29. I had to 30. they knew 31. you knew (informal) 32. to be called 33. they had to 34. what (question) 35. to get up 36. to have a wash 37. they wanted 38. he had to 39. what (non-question) 40. what (in front of an infinitive) 41. to park (ourselves) 42. she wanted 43. to call 44. somewhere

1. vous garer 2. nous savions 3. laver 4. un garage 5. elle savait 6. me garer 7. se garer 8. vous saviez 9. je voulais 10. garer 11. savoir 12. quelqu'un 13. tu voulais 14. elle devait 15. nous voulions 16. vous vouliez 17. il savait 18. je savais 19. tu devais 20. il voulait 21. nous devions 22. un endroit sûr 23. quelquefois

24. dire à Marie 25. se rendre compte 26. vous deviez 27. te garer 28. dire 29. je devais 30. ils savaient 31. tu savais 32. s'appeler 33. ils devaient 34. que 35. se lever 36. se laver 37. ils voulaient 38. il devait 39. ce que 40. quoi 41. nous garer 42. elle voulait 43. appeler 44. quelque part

LESSON 94 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to have a wash to be called to get up to realise I’m having a wash you're having a wash he’s having a wash she’s having a wash we’re having a wash they’re having a wash If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

A very useful verb in French is:

faire It means “(to) do” or “(to) make” You pronounce it “fair”

faire I’ll conjugate the verb “faire” into the present tense for you because it’s quite an important verb. I’ll also start to include the “on” and “elles” forms whenever I conjugate a verb from now on, so that you get used to seeing them around: je fais – I do / I’m doing tu fais – you do / you’re doing il fait – he does / he’s doing elle fait – she does / she’s doing on fait – one does / one’s doing nous faisons – we do / we’re doing vous faites – you do / you’re doing ils font – they do / they’re doing elles font – they do / they’re doing The verb “faire” also means “to make”, so here’s the conjugation again with the second English meaning. je fais – I make / I’m making tu fais – you make / you’re making il fait – he makes / he’s making elle fait – she makes / she’s making on fait – one makes / one’s making nous faisons – we make / we’re making vous faites – you make / you’re making ils font – they make / they’re making elles font – they make / they’re making

How would you say this in French?

I’m doing it now.

I’m doing it now. Je le fais maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

When are you doing it?

When are you doing it? Quand le fais-tu? / Quand le faites-vous?

How would you say this in French?

I must make a reservation.

I must make a reservation. Je dois faire une réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I was going to do it tomorrow.

I was going to do it tomorrow. J’allais le faire demain.

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to do it?

When are you going to do it? Quand vas-tu le faire? / Quand allez-vous le faire?

faire Now, here’s the verb “faire” conjugated into the past tense for you: j'ai fait – I did / I have done tu as fait – you did / you have done il a fait – he did / he has done elle a fait – she did / she has done on a fait – one did / one has done nous avons fait – we did / we have done vous avez fait – you did / you have done ils ont fait – they did / they have done elles ont fait – they did / they have done Here’s the conjugation again with the second English meaning: j'ai fait – I made / I have made tu as fait – you made / you have made il a fait – he made / he has made elle a fait – she made / she has made on a fait – one made / one has made nous avons fait – we made / we have made vous avez fait – you made / you have made ils ont fait – they made / they have made elles ont fait – they made / they have made

How would you say this in French?

I did it yesterday.

I did it yesterday. Je l’ai fait hier.

How would you say this in French?

What did you do?

What did you do? Qu’as-tu fait? / Qu’avez-vous fait?

How would you say this in French?

Did you make a reservation?

Did you make a reservation? As-tu fait une réservation? / Avez-vous fait une réservation?

How would you say this in French?

They didn’t do it.

They didn’t do it. Ils ne l’ont pas fait. / Elles ne l’ont pas fait.

How would you say this in French?

When did you make the reservation?

When did you make the reservation? Quand as-tu fait la réservation? / Quand avez-vous fait la réservation?

Get the car washed “Faire” is a very useful verb because you can use it with an infinitive to mean “to get something done”

je fais laver la voiture I’m getting the car washed In English, we can either say: I’m getting the car washed or I’m having the car washed They both mean the same thing (I don’t know why we bother having two ways in English, but “c’est la vie” (that’s life). So, in English, the construction is:

have / get + noun + past participle I’m having the car washed I’m getting the car fixed I’m getting the house cleaned

In French, the construction is slightly different:

faire + infinitive + noun je fais laver la voiture je fais réparer la voiture je fais nettoyer la maison

The word for “by” is “par”, so how would you say this in French?

I’m having the cake made by Pierre.

I’m having the cake made by Pierre. Je fais faire le gâteau par Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m getting it translated.

I’m getting it translated. Je le fais traduire.

How would you say this in French?

Have you got the car fixed?

Have you got the car fixed? As-tu fait réparer la voiture? / Avezvous fait réparer la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

Did they get it finished?

Did they get it finished? L’ont-ils fait finir? / L’ont-elles fait finir?

How would you say this in French?

When can you get the house cleaned?

When can you get the house cleaned? Quand peux-tu faire nettoyer la maison? / Quand pouvez-vous faire nettoyer la maison?

How would you say this in French?

They had Pierre come to the restaurant.

They had Pierre come to the restaurant. Ils / Elles ont fait venir Pierre au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

She had the car washed yesterday.

She had the car washed yesterday. Elle a fait laver la voiture hier.

WORD LIST SO FAR faire – to do / to make faire + infinitive + noun – to have / to get + noun + past participle j’ai fait laver la voiture – I got the car washed

Finally, there are a few little expressions you can say in French that include the verb “faire” (I told you it was a really useful verb!) The only bit you have to conjuguate in these expressions is the verb “faire”; the rest of the expression stays as it is:

faire la cuisine It means “to do the cooking” You pronounce it “fair lah kwi-zeen”

How would you say this in French?

I’m doing the cooking today.

I’m doing the cooking today. Je fais la cuisine aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

They did the cooking yesterday.

They did the cooking yesterday. Ils ont fait la cuisine hier. / Elles ont fait la cuisine hier.

How would you say this in French?

Who did the cooking?

Who did the cooking? Qui a fait la cuisine?

How would you say this in French?

Did Pierre do the cooking?

Did Pierre do the cooking? Pierre a-t-il fait la cuisine?

How would you say this in French?

Marie didn’t do the cooking.

Marie didn’t do the cooking. Marie n’a pas fait la cuisine.

How would you say this in French?

Is somebody doing the cooking?

Is somebody doing the cooking? Quelqu’un fait-il la cuisine?

WORD LIST SO FAR faire – to do / to make faire + infinitive + noun – to have / to get + noun + past participle j’ai fait laver la voiture – I got the car washed faire la cuisine – to do the cooking

Here's your next “faire” expression:

faire les courses It means “to do the shopping” You pronounce it “fair lay korss”

How would you say this in French?

I’m doing the shopping today.

I’m doing the shopping today. Je fais les courses aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

They did the shopping yesterday.

They did the shopping yesterday. Ils ont fait les courses hier.

How would you say this in French?

Who did the shopping? There isn’t any bread.

Who did the shopping? There isn’t any bread. Qui a fait les courses? Il n’y a pas de pain.

How would you say this in French?

Did somebody do the shopping today?

Did somebody do the shopping today? Quelqu’un a-t-il fait les courses aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Did Marie do the shopping?

Did Marie do the shopping? Marie a-t-elle fait les courses?

WORD LIST SO FAR faire – to do / to make faire + infinitive + noun – to have / to get + noun + past participle j’ai fait laver la voiture – I got the car washed faire la cuisine – to do the cooking faire les courses – to do the shopping

How would you say this in French?

Pierre didn’t do the shopping.

Pierre didn’t do the shopping. Pierre n’a pas fait les courses.

Here's your next “faire” expression, and it’s quite an interesting one:

faire ses valises It means “to pack (one’s suitcases)” You pronounce it “fair say vah-leez”

Possessive adjectives The expression, “faire ses valises” literally means “to make one’s suitcases”. In this expression, you have to conjugate the “faire”, like you normally do, but you also have to change the “ses” depending on who is doing the packing. The word “ses” means “his” or “her” and it’s known as a “possessive adjective”. We’ve already had one possessive adjective many moons ago when we learnt “mon, ma, mes”, which all mean “my”. Remember that the word for “my” can be masculine (mon), feminine (ma) or plural (mes). In the expression “faire ses valises”, the “ses” bit is in the plural because it’s talking about more than one suitcase. So, if you were talking about your own suitcases, you would say:

je fais mes valises I’m packing my suitcases Of course, you don’t always have to have more than one suitcase. If you’re only packing one suitcase, you would use “valise” in the singular. It’s a feminine noun, so you would say:

je fais ma valise I’m packing my suitcase Let’s have a look at all the different possessive adjectives so that you can conjugate the phrase “faire ses valises” fully. Don’t worry if they’re not 100% clear in this lesson because we shall cover them again in later lessons. MASCULINE FEMININE PLURAL MY mon ma mes YOUR ton ta tes HIS / son sa ses

HER OUR YOUR THEIR

notre votre leur

notre votre leur

nos vos leurs

faire ses valises The noun “valises” means “suitcases”, but of course it can be both singular and plural. The word “valise” is feminine, so you can conjugate the expression “faire ses valises” in the following ways: je fais mes valises – I’m packing my suitcases je fais ma valise – I’m packing my suitcase tu fais tes valises – you’re packing your suitcases tu fais ta valise – you’re packing your suitcase il fait ses valises – he’s packing his suitcases il fait sa valise – he’s packing his suitcase elle fait ses valises – she’s packing her suitcases elle fait sa valise – she’s packing her suitcase on fait ses valises – one is packing one’s suitcases on fait sa valise – one is packing one’s suitcase nous faisons nos valises – we’re packing our suitcases nous faisons notre valise – we’re packing our suitcase vous faites vos valises – you’re packing your suitcases vous faites votre valise – you’re packing your suitcase ils / elles font leurs valises – they’re packing their suitcases ils / elles sont leur valise – they’re packing they’re suitcase When you’re talking about “he” or “she”, you can replace the “il” or “elle” with names, and the possessive adjective stays the same. Pierre fait ses valises – Pierre is packing his suitcases Marie fait sa valise – Marie is packing her suitcase

How would you say this in French?

I need to pack my suitcase.

I need to pack my suitcase. J’ai besoin de faire ma valise.

How would you say this in French?

They haven’t packed their suitcases.

They haven’t packed their suitcases. Ils n’ont pas fait leurs valises.

How would you say this in French?

Have you packed your suitcases?

Have you packed your suitcases? As-tu fait tes valises? / Avez-vous fait vos valises?

How would you say this in French?

When are we going to pack our suitcases?

When are we going to pack our suitcases? Quand allons-nous faire nos valises?

How would you say this in French?

We’re packing our suitcase tomorrow.

We’re packing our suitcase tomorrow. Nous faisons notre valise demain.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has packed his suitcase.

Pierre has packed his suitcase. Pierre a fait sa valise.

How would you say this in French?

Marie hasn’t packed her suitcases and she’s going on holiday this evening!

Marie hasn’t packed her suitcases and she’s going on holiday this evening! Marie n’a pas fait ses valises et elle va en vacances ce soir!

WORD LIST SO FAR faire – to do / to make faire + infinitive + noun – to have / to get + noun + past participle j’ai fait laver la voiture – I got the car washed faire la cuisine – to do the cooking faire les courses – to do the shopping faire ses valises – to pack one’s suitcases mon / ma / mes – my ton / ta / tes – your son / sa / ses – his / her notre / nos – our votre / vos – your leur / leurs – their

How would you say this in French?

They’re packing their suitcases now.

They’re packing their suitcases now. Ils font leurs valises maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to pack my suitcase now; I’m too tired.

I don’t want to pack my suitcase now; I’m too tired. Je ne veux pas faire ma valise maintenant; je suis trop fatigué.

Here’s your next “faire” phrase:

me faire savoir It means “(to) let me know” You pronounce it “meugh fair sah-vwar”

How would you say this in French?

When can you let me know?

When can you let me know? Quand peux-tu / pouvez-vous me faire savoir?

How would you say this in French?

He hasn’t let me know.

He hasn’t let me know. Il ne m’a pas fait savoir.

How would you say this in French?

Can you let me know where we are?

Can you let me know where we are? Peux-tu / Pouvez-vous me faire savoir où nous sommes?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to let me know?

Are you going to let me know? Vas-tu / Allez-vous me faire savoir?

How would you say this in French?

Let me know.

Let me know. Fais-moi savoir. / Faites-moi savoir.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre said he’s going to let me know tomorrow.

Pierre said he’s going to let me know tomorrow. Pierre a dit qu’il va me faire savoir demain.

WORD LIST SO FAR faire – to do / to make faire + infinitive + noun – to have / to get + noun + past participle j’ai fait laver la voiture – I got the car washed faire la cuisine – to do the cooking faire les courses – to do the shopping faire ses valises – to pack one’s suitcases mon / ma / mes – my ton / ta / tes – your son / sa / ses – his / her notre / nos – our votre / vos – your leur / leurs – their me faire savoir – to let me know

We can change “me faire savoir” slightly, and we get this:

te faire savoir / vous faire savoir It means “to let you know” You pronounce it “teugh fair sah-vwar” and “voo fair sah-vwar”

How would you say this in French?

I can let you know tomorrow.

I can let you know tomorrow. Je peux te / vous faire savoir demain.

How would you say this in French?

Has Pierre let you know?

Has Pierre let you know? Pierre t’a-t-il fait savoir? / Pierre vous a-t-il fait savoir?

How would you say this in French?

Who let you know?

Who let you know? Qui t’a fait savoir? / Qui vous a fait savoir?

How would you say this in French?

Somebody is going let you know tomorrow morning.

Somebody is going to let you know tomorrow morning. Quelqu’un va te / vous faire savoir demain matin.

How would you say this in French?

I can let you know now, if you want.

I can let you know now, if you want. Je peux te faire savoir maintenant, si tu veux. / Je peux vous faire savoir maintenant, si vous voulez.

How would you say this in French?

Did somebody let you know?

Did somebody let you know? Quelqu’un t’a-t-il fait savoir? / Quelqu’un vous a-t-il fait savoir?

How would you say this in French?

I didn’t let you know because you were very busy.

I didn’t let you know because you were very busy. Je ne t’ai pas fait savoir parce que tu étais très occupé. / Je ne vous ai pas fait savoir parce que vous étiez très occupé.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre said that Marie let you know.

Pierre said that Marie let you know. Pierre a dit que Marie t’a fait savoir. / Pierre a dit que Marie vous a fait savoir.

WORD LIST SO FAR faire – to do / to make faire + infinitive + noun – to have / to get + noun + past participle j’ai fait laver la voiture – I got the car washed faire la cuisine – to do the cooking faire les courses – to do the shopping faire ses valises – to pack one’s suitcases mon / ma / mes – my ton / ta / tes – your son / sa / ses – his / her notre / nos – our votre / vos – your leur / leurs – their me faire savoir – to let me know te / vous faire savoir – to let you know

There’s another way we can use the phrase “faire savoir”:

faire savoir à quelqu’un It means “to let somebody know” You pronounce it “fair sah-vwar ah kel-kan”

let Pierre know You can replace the word “quelqu’un” (which means “somebody”) in the phrase “faire savoir à quelqu’un” with any name.

je dois faire savoir à Pierre I must let Pierre know

How would you say this in French?

Did you let Marie know that the car isn’t here?

Did you let Marie know that the car isn’t here? As-tu / Avez-vous fait savoir à Marie que la voiture n’est pas ici?

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t let Pierre know that you’re coming with us.

I haven’t let Pierre know that you’re coming with us. Je n’ai pas fait savoir à Pierre que tu viens / vous venez avec nous.

How would you say this in French?

Somebody has to let the children know.

Somebody has to let the children know. Quelqu’un doit faire savoir aux enfants.

How would you say this in French?

Can you let everybody know what time we’re having dinner?

Can you let everybody know what time we’re having dinner? Peux-tu / Pouvez-vous faire savoir à tout le monde où nous prenons le dîner?

How would you say this in French?

I have let Sophie and Marie know that everybody is ready.

I have let Sophie and Marie know that everybody is ready. J’ai fait savoir à Sophie et Marie que tout le monde est prêt.

How would you say this in French?

Let the children know that the food is ready.

Let the children know that the food is ready. Fais / Faites savoir aux enfants que la nourriture est prête.

How would you say this in French?

Has somebody let Jeanne know?

Has somebody let Jeanne know? Quelqu’un a-t-il fait savoir à Jeanne?

WORD LIST SO FAR faire – to do / to make faire + infinitive + noun – to have / to get + noun + past participle j’ai fait laver la voiture – I got the car washed faire la cuisine – to do the cooking faire les courses – to do the shopping faire ses valises – to pack one’s suitcases mon / ma / mes – my ton / ta / tes – your son / sa / ses – his / her notre / nos – our votre / vos – your leur / leurs – their me faire savoir – to let me know te / vous faire savoir – to let you know faire savoir à quelqu’un – to let somebody know

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Have you had the car washed? Who is doing the cooking tonight? I’m going on holiday tomorrow and I haven’t packed my suitcases We’re leaving at 12 o’clock but they need to pack their suitcase Can I let you know tomorrow? We have to let Marie know what time we’re leaving Did you do the cooking? The food is delicious I want to get the car washed tomorrow When are you packing your suitcases? I’m going to let somebody know where we are

1. 2. 3. 4.

As-tu / Avez-vous fait laver la voiture? Qui fait la cuisine ce soir? Je vais en vacances demain mais je n’ai pas fait mes valises Nous partons à douze heures mais ils ont besoin de faire leur valise 5. Puis-je te / vous faire savoir demain? 6. Nous devons faire savoir à Marie à quelle heure nous partons 7. As-tu / Avez-vous fait la cuisine? La nourriture est délicieuse 8. Je veux faire laver la voiture demain 9. Quand fais-tu tes valises? / Quand faites-vous vos valises? 10. Je vais faire savoir à quelqu’un où nous sommes

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2.

Marie a fait laver la voiture Pierre et Sophie ont fait la cuisine la semaine dernière et nous faisons la cuisine cette semaine 3. Pourquoi n’avez-vous pas fait votre valise? 4. Nous allons faire savoir à tout le monde à quelle heure nous servons le petit-déjeuner 5. Ils n’ont pas fait laver la voiture 6. Quand ont-ils fait leurs valises? 7. As-tu fait savoir à Marie que nous nous levons tôt demain? 8. Je vais dire à Pierre de vous faire savoir demain 9. Pouvez-vous me faire savoir à quelle heure le train part? 10. Qui a fait la cuisine ce matin? Le petit-déjeuner était parfait

1. 2.

Marie has had the car washed Pierre and Sophie did the cooking last week and we’re doing the cooking this week 3. Why haven’t you packed your suitcase? 4. We’re going to let everybody know what time we’re serving breakfast 5. They haven’t had the car washed 6. When did they pack their suitcases? 7. Did you let Marie know that we’re getting up early tomorrow? 8. I’m going to tell Pierre to let you know tomorrow 9. Can you let me know what time the train leaves? 10. Who did the cooking this morning? The breakfast was perfect

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Do you have the shirt in green? Before the cheese, can I have a dessert? Yes, everything is very good, thank you We have visited Marseille, but it was a long time ago How can one pay? Why don’t you get up earlier? Are you going to pay the bill for me? I’m going to have a glass of wine Did she want to come with us? How long is the journey to Marseille?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

As-tu / Avez-vous cette chemise en vert? Avant le fromage, puis-je prendre un dessert? Oui, tout est très bon, merci Nous avons visité Marseille, mais c’était il y a longtemps Comment peut-on payer? Pourquoi ne te lèves-tu pas plus tôt? / Pourquoi ne vous levezvous pas plus tôt? 7. Vas-tu payer l’addition pour moi? / Allez-vous payer l’addition pour moi? 8. Je vais prendre un verre de vin 9. Voulait-elle venir avec nous? 10. Combien de temps est le trajet à Marseille?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. C’est à une heure 2. C’est absolument extraordinaire ici 3. Puis-je louer une voiture pour trois jours, s’il vous plaît? 4. Il est trois heures et quart 5. Vas-tu à Paris la semaine prochaine? 6. Je vais essayer d’arriver tôt 7. Je pars tôt demain mais je vais laisser la clé ici pour toi 8. Avons-nous tout fait pour demain? 9. Tu restes au même hôtel que moi 10. Le vin blanc est beaucoup meilleur que le vin rouge

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

It’s at one o’clock It’s absolutely extraordinary here Can I hire a car for three days, please? It’s quarter past three Are you going to Paris next week? I’m going to try and arrive early I’m leaving early tomorrow but I’m going to leave the key here for you 8. Have we done everything for tomorrow? 9. You’re staying at the same hotel as me 10. The white wine is a lot better than the red wine

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. to let me know 2. she knew 3. their 4. they knew 5. they wanted 6. you had to (informal) 7. to wash 8. to have a wash 9. we wanted 10. you had to (formal) 11. to park (myself) 12. you knew (informal) 13. she wanted 14. to park (yourself (informal)) 15. to be called 16. to tell Marie 17. to let you know 18. my 19. your (formal) 20. a safe place 21. I got the car washed

22. you knew (formal) 23. to pack one's suitcases 24. I knew 25. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 26. he wanted 27. I had to 28. to realise 29. we had to 30. to do / to make 31. to get up 32. our 33. sometimes 34. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 35. a garage 36. they had to 37. to know 38. I wanted 39. to do the shopping 40. to let somebody know 41. somewhere 42. we knew 43. what (in front of an infinitive) 44. to park (ourselves)

45. he had to 46. to park (yourself/yourselves) 47. what (non-question) 48. to call 49. what (question) 50. you wanted (formal) 51. to say / to tell 52. you wanted (informal) 53. he knew 54. to do the cooking 55. his / her 56. your (informal) 57. she had to 58. to park + object

1. me faire savoir 2. elle savait 3. leur / leurs 4. ils savaient 5. ils voulaient 6. tu devais 7. laver 8. se laver 9. nous voulions 10. vous deviez 11. me garer 12. tu savais 13. elle voulait 14. te garer 15. s'appeler 16. dire à Marie 17. te / vous faire savoir 18. mon / ma / mes 19. votre / vos 20. un endroit sûr 21. j'ai fait laver la voiture 22. vous saviez 23. faire ses valises

24. je savais 25. se garer 26. il voulait 27. je devais 28. se rendre compte 29. nous devions 30. faire 31. se lever 32. notre / nos 33. quelquefois 34. quelqu'un 35. un garage 36. ils devaient 37. savoir 38. je voulais 39. faire les courses 40. faire savoir à quelqu'un 41. quelque part 42. nous savions 43. quoi 44. nous garer 45. il devait 46. vous garer

47. ce que 48. appeler 49. que 50. vous vouliez 51. dire 52. tu voulais 53. il savait 54. faire la cuisine 55. son / sa / ses 56. ton / ta / tes 57. elle devait 58. garer

LESSON 95 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? to do / to make to get + noun + past participle I got the car washed to do the cooking to do the shopping to pack one’s suitcases my your his / her our their to let me know to let you know to let somebody know If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s conjugate the verb “être” into the imperfect tense:

j’étais It means “I was” You pronounce it “jsheh-tay”

How would you say this in French?

I was here yesterday.

I was here yesterday. J’étais ici hier.

How would you say this in French?

I wasn’t in France.

I wasn’t in France. Je n’étais pas en France.

How would you say this in French?

I was at the restaurant.

I was at the restaurant. J’étais au restaurant.

Now, let’s see if you can use the “imperfect tense” endings to try and conjugate “j’étais” into all the different persons. How would you say this in French?

You were.

You were. Tu étais. / Vous étiez.

How would you say this in French?

He was.

He was. Il était.

How would you say this in French?

She was.

She was. Elle était.

How would you say this in French?

We were.

We were. Nous étions.

How would you say this in French?

They were.

They were. Ils étaient.

être Here’s the imperfect conjugation of the verb “être”, meaning “to be”: j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were Don’t forget as well that you can use “c’était” to mean “it was” and “ce n’était pas” to mean “it wasn’t”. You can also use “était” by itself to mean “was”. tout était délicieux everything was delicious

How would you say this in French?

Where were they?

Where were they? Où étais-tu? / Où étiez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Everything was absolutely perfect.

Everything was absolutely perfect. Tout était absolument parfait.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre wasn’t happy yesterday.

Pierre wasn’t happy yesterday. Pierre n’était pas heureux hier.

How would you say this in French?

We were in France last year.

We were in France last year. Nous étions en France l’année dernière.

How would you say this in French?

Who was there?

Who was there? Qui était là?

How would you say this in French?

Was somebody here?

Was somebody here? Quelqu’un était-il ici?

How would you say this in French?

It was terrible.

It was terrible. C’était terrible.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre was at the restaurant.

Pierre was at the restaurant. Pierre était au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

Were they at the hotel?

Were they at the hotel? Étaient-ils à l’hôtel?

Here’s a useful time phrase:

il y a exactement un an It means “exactly one year ago” but you can use it to mean “this time last year” You pronounce it “eely-ya an on(g)”

How would you say this in French?

This time last year, I was in Paris.

This time last year, I was in Paris. Il y a exactement un an, j’étais à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

This time last year, we went to France.

This time last year, we went to France. Il y a exactement un an, nous sommes allés en France.

How would you say this in French?

I was here this time last year.

I was here this time last year. J’étais ici il y a exactement un an.

How would you say this in French?

This time last year, they were on holiday abroad.

This time last year, they were on holiday abroad. Il y a exactement un an, ils étaient en vacances à l’étranger.

Here’s a similarly structured time phrase:

il y a exactement huit jours It means “exactly eight days ago” but you can use it to mean “this time last week” You pronounce it “eely-ya wee shjoor”

8 days ago? The phrase “il y a exactement huit jours” literally means “exactly eight days ago”. So, why can we translate it as “this time last week”? The French refer to a week as being eight days rather than seven, and it dates back to the Romans, who actually had eight-day weeks. If you think about it, it sort of still makes sense if you count the days inclusively, for example if we start on a Saturday and end on a Saturday: Sat – Sun – Mon – Tues – Wed – Thurs – Fri – Sat This makes eight days. However, nowadays, the French say “huit jours” as opposed to “sept jours” simply because it rolls off the tongue better. It sounds nicer to French ears to say “huit jours” than to say “sept jours”. In a similar fashion, the French say “quinze jours” for “a fortnight”, and it literally means “15 days”! “Quinze jours” sounds nicer than “quatorze jours” (14 days), so it’s used quite a lot.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were il y a exactement un an – this time last year il y a exactement huit jours – this time last week huit jours – a week (literally: 8 days) quinze jours – a fortnight (literally: 15 days)

How would you say this in French?

Where were you this time last week?

Where were you this time last week? Où étais-tu / étiez-vous il y a exactement huit jours?

How would you say this in French?

I saw Pierre this time last week.

I saw Pierre this time last week. J’ai vu Pierre il y a exactement huit jours.

How would you say this in French?

Marie was here this time last week.

Marie was here this time last week. Marie était ici il y a exactement huit jours.

Here’s a very useful word, which you might recognise from a common expression we use in English:

déjà It means “already” You pronounce it “day-shjah”

déjà vu As I said, you might recognise the word “déjà” from the little phrase we say sometimes in English: déjà vu. The phrase “déjà vu” is used in English when you feel like you’ve done or seen something before, and that is the literal meaning of the phrase itself. déjà vu – already seen

How would you say this in French?

I have already finished.

I have already finished. J’ai déjà fini.

How would you say this in French?

I have already done it.

I have already done it. Je l’ai déjà fait.

How would you say this in French?

I have already seen Marie.

I have already seen Marie. J’ai déjà vu Marie.

How would you say this in French?

She has already seen me.

She has already seen me. Elle m’a déjà vu.

How would you say this in French?

We have already eaten.

We have already eaten. Nous avons déjà mangé.

How would you say this in French?

They have already gone.

They have already gone. Ils sont déjà allés.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has already left.

Pierre has already left. Pierre est déjà parti.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were il y a exactement un an – this time last year il y a exactement huit jours – this time last week huit jours – a week (literally: 8 days) quinze jours – a fortnight (literally: 15 days) déjà – already

How would you say this in French?

Have you already eaten?

Have you already eaten? As-tu / Avez-vous déjà mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Has he already seen me?

Has he already seen me? M’a-t-il déjà vu?

How would you say this in French?

Have they already arrived?

Have they already arrived? Sont-ils déjà arrivés?

Here is another meaning of the word “déjà”:

déjà It means “yet” when you use it in a positive question You pronounce it “day-shjah”

yet So, when you want to ask a positive question that uses the word “yet” in English, you would say “déjà” in French. If you use it in the past tense, “déjà” goes in between the AVOIR and the PAST PARTICIPLE even though in English, the word “yet” tends to go to the end of the sentence. As-tu déjà fini? Have you finished yet? (Literally: have you already finished?)

How would you say this in French?

Have you eaten yet?

Have you eaten yet? As-tu déjà mangé?

How would you say this in French?

Have you seen Pierre yet?

Have you seen Pierre yet? As-tu déjà vu Pierre? / Avez-vous déjà vu Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Have they arrived yet?

Have they arrived yet? Sont-ils déjà arrivés?

How would you say this in French?

Has she already bought something?

Has she already bought something? A-t-elle déjà acheté quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

Has he been to the supermarket yet?

Has he been to the supermarket yet? Est-il déjà allé au supermarché?

How would you say this in French?

He wants to know if I have seen this film yet.

He wants to know if I have seen this film yet. Il veut savoir si j’ai déjà vu ce film.

How would you say this in French?

They want to know if we have finished yet.

They want to know if we have finished yet. Ils veulent savoir si nous avons déjà fini.

How would you say this in French?

I wonder if she’s left yet.

I wonder if she’s left yet. Je me demande si elle est déjà partie.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were il y a exactement un an – this time last year il y a exactement huit jours – this time last week huit jours – a week (literally: 8 days) quinze jours – a fortnight (literally: 15 days) déjà – already / yet (in a positive question)

Here is a word that you’ve learnt before. Last time, we learnt that it means “always”, but it has another meaning:

toujours It means “still” You pronounce it “too-joor” It’s a funny thing in French that the word for “always” is the same as the word for “still”; it can occasionally cause problems for French people when they speak English. I remember once when I was younger, we had a French exchange student staying with us. She said to me, “Kieran, your mother is always in the bath”. I thought it was a bit rude to say that, but then I realized she meant to say, “Kieran, your mother is still in the bath”, and she was just letting me know!

How would you say this in French?

Is he still here?

Is he still here? Est-il toujours ici?

How would you say this in French?

I was still in France this time last year.

I was still in France this time last year. J’étais toujours en France il y a exactement un an.

How would you say this in French?

Marie is still at the restaurant.

Marie is still at the restaurant. Marie est toujours au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m still hungry.

I’m still hungry. J’ai toujours faim.

How would you say this in French?

Everybody is still here.

Everybody is still here. Tout le monde est toujours ici.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were il y a exactement un an – this time last year il y a exactement huit jours – this time last week huit jours – a week (literally: 8 days) quinze jours – a fortnight (literally: 15 days) déjà – already / yet (in a positive question) toujours – still

When you want to say “yet” in a positive sentence, you can use “déjà”. However, if you want to use “yet” in a negative sentence, you’re really going to be saying “not yet”, which is:

pas encore It means “not yet” You pronounce it “paz on-koor”

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t seen Pierre yet.

I haven’t seen Pierre yet. Je n’ai pas encore vu Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

No, not yet.

No, not yet. Non, pas encore.

How would you say this in French?

No, I’m sorry but he isn’t ready yet.

No, I’m sorry but he isn’t ready yet. Non, je suis désolé mais il n’est pas encore prêt.

How would you say this in French?

She hasn’t finished yet.

She hasn’t finished yet. Elle n’a pas encore fini.

How would you say this in French?

Marie isn’t at the restaurant yet.

Marie isn’t at the restaurant yet. Marie n’est pas encore au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

We’re not hungry yet.

We’re not hungry yet. Nous n’avons pas encore faim.

How would you say this in French?

Isn’t he here yet?

Isn’t he here yet? N’est-il pas encore ici?

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t been to Paris yet.

I haven’t been to Paris yet. Je ne suis pas encore allé à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t done it yet.

I haven’t done it yet. Je ne l’ai pas encore fait.

How would you say this in French?

He hasn’t had the car washed yet.

He hasn’t had the car washed yet. Il n’a pas encore fait laver la voiture.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were il y a exactement un an – this time last year il y a exactement huit jours – this time last week huit jours – a week (literally: 8 days) quinze jours – a fortnight (literally: 15 days) déjà – already / yet (in a positive question) toujours – still pas encore – not yet

Finally, I’m going to give you an extra meaning for two of the words we’ve learnt in this lesson:

déjà pas encore They can both be used to mean “before” You pronounce them “day-shjah” and “paz on-koor”

before Now, “déjà” and “pas encore” don’t mean “before” in every situation. You’ve already learnt the word “avant”, which means “before” in most situations. The only time “déjà” and “pas encore” mean “before” is when you’re talking about having done something before. déjà is used in positive sentences, where you’re saying that you have done something before. pas encore is used in negative sentences, where you’re saying that you haven’t done something before j’ai déjà vu ce film I’ve seen this film before (Literally: I have already seen this film)

je n’ai pas encore vu ce film I haven’t seen this film before (Literally: I haven’t seen this film yet)

It’s tempting to use “avant” in these situations, but when you’re talking about having or not having done something before, it’s better to use “déjà” or “pas encore”.

How would you say this in French?

Have you eaten here before?

Have you eaten here before? As-tu déjà mangé ici? / Avez-vous déjà mangé ici?

How would you say this in French?

Have you seen Pierre before?

Have you seen Pierre before? As-tu déjà vu Pierre? / Avez-vous déjà vu Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Have they gone to France before?

Have they gone to France before? Sont-ils déjà allés en France? / Sont-elles déjà allées en France?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t you eaten here before?

Haven’t you eaten here before? N’as-tu pas encore mangé ici? / N’avez-vous pas encore mangé ici?

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t you seen Pierre before?

Haven’t you seen Pierre before? N’as-tu pas encore vu Pierre? / N’avez-vous pas encore vu Pierre? *This sentence could also be translated into English as "Haven’t you seen Pierre yet?"

How would you say this in French?

Haven’t they gone to France before?

Haven’t they gone to France before? Ne sont-ils pas encore allés en France? / Ne sont-elles pas encore allées en France?

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t seen this film before.

I haven’t seen this film before. Je n’ai pas encore vu ce film.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve eaten here before with Marie.

I’ve eaten here before with Marie. J’ai déjà mangé ici avec Marie.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were il y a exactement un an – this time last year il y a exactement huit jours – this time last week huit jours – a week (literally: 8 days) quinze jours – a fortnight (literally: 15 days) déjà – already / yet (in a positive question) / before toujours – still pas encore – not yet / (not) before

Enfin (finally), the word “encore” can be used in the positive, too:

encore It means “again” You pronounce it “on-koor”

How would you say this in French?

Can we do it again?

Can we do it again? Pouvons-nous le faire encore?

How would you say this in French?

He wants to go again.

He wants to go again. Il veut aller encore.

How would you say this in French?

Can you tell me again?

Can you tell me again? Peux-tu me dire encore? / Pouvez-vous me dire encore?

How would you say this in French?

We’re going to the supermarket again today.

We’re going to the supermarket again today. Nous allons au supermarché encore aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to help me again tomorrow?

Do you want to help me again tomorrow? Veux-tu m’aider encore demain? / Voulez-vous m’aider encore demain?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to have the chicken again.

I’m going to have the chicken again. Je vais prendre le poulet encore.

WORD LIST SO FAR j'étais – I was tu étais – you were il était – he was elle était – she was on était – one was nous étions – we were vous étiez – you were ils étaient – they were elles étaient – they were il y a exactement un an – this time last year il y a exactement huit jours – this time last week huit jours – a week (literally: 8 days) quinze jours – a fortnight (literally: 15 days) déjà – already / yet (in a positive question) / before toujours – still pas encore – not yet / (not) before encore – again

encore We learnt “encore” quite a long time ago when we were learning how to ask for “another” of something. We said that if you want to order another of the same, you can use “encore”. je voudrais encore une bouteille de vin I would like another bottle of wine So, now you can see how it works. The word “encore” literally means “again”, so what you’re really saying is “I would like again a bottle of wine”. je voudrais encore deux cafés I would like another two coffees (Literally: I would like again two coffees)

If you’re using “encore” in the past tense, generally it goes in between the auxiliary verb and the past participle. So, how would you say this in French?

I saw Pierre again yesterday.

I saw Pierre again yesterday. J’ai encore vu Pierre hier.

How would you say this in French?

We visited the Eiffel Tower again last year.

We visited the Eiffel Tower again last year. Nous avons encore visité la Tour Eiffel l’année dernière.

How would you say this in French?

Did you hear it again?

Did you hear it again? L’as-tu encore entendu? / L’avez-vous encore entendu?

Recap Alors (so), just to recap seeing as we’ve learnt quite a lot, here are all the words from this lesson. ______________________________________ ALREADY déjà JE L’AI DÉJÀ FAIT I have already done it ______________________________________ YET positive déjà L’AS-TU DÉJÀ FAIT? have you done it yet? negative pas encore NE L’AS-TU PAS ENCORE FAIT? haven't you done it yet? ______________________________________

BEFORE positive déjà L’AS-TU DÉJÀ FAIT? have you done it before?

negative pas encore NE L’AS-TU PAS ENCORE FAIT? haven't you done it before? ______________________________________

’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

This time last year, we were in Paris with Sophie and Pierre Have you been to this theatre before? I’ve already seen this film We would like to visit the Eiffel Tower again next year They were still in France until a fortnight ago Haven’t you finished it yet? Where were you this time last week? Has it arrived yet? I haven’t done it yet Have you not eaten yet?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Il y a exactement un an, nous étions à Paris avec Sophie et Pierre Es-tu / Êtes-vous déjà allé à ce cinéma? J’ai déjà vu ce film Nous voudrions visiter encore la Tour Eiffel l’année prochaine Ils étaient toujours en France jusqu’à il y a quinze jours Ne l’as-tu pas encore fini? / Ne l’avez-vous pas encore fini? Où étais-tu / étiez-vous il y a exactement huit jours? Est-il déjà arrivé? / Est-elle déjà arrivée? Je ne l’ai pas encore fait N’as-tu pas encore mangé? / N’avez-vous pas encore mangé?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Je n’ai pas encore mangé et j’ai très faim Nous ne sommes pas encore allé en France Marie est arrivée il y a exactement huit jours et elle est toujours ici J’attends toujours Pierre Pas encore Ils m’ont déjà appelé Vous a-t-il déjà vu? As-tu déjà parlé avec Marie? Étaient-elles à l’hôtel? Je suis allé à Marseille il y a exactement un an

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I haven’t eaten yet and I’m very hungry We haven’t been to France yet Marie arrived this time last week and she is still here I’m still waiting for Pierre / I’m always waiting for Pierre Not yet They have already called me Has he seen you yet? Have you spoken with Marie yet? Were they at the hotel? I went to Marseille this time last year

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4.

My lunch wasn’t bad I would like to pay now Last December, I spent a week in France We need to get up before 8 o’clock if we want to have breakfast at the hotel 5. Are you going to Paris? 6. Would you like a table? 7. What do you have to do here? 8. Which one would you like to buy? 9. I want to show something to Marie 10. Where is the train for Marseille?

1. 2. 3. 4.

Mon déjeuner n’était pas mauvais Je voudrais payer maintenant En décembre dernier, j’ai passé une semaine en France Nous avons besoin de nous lever avant huit heures si nous voulons prendre le petit-déjeuner à l’hôtel 5. Vas-tu / Allez-vous à Paris? 6. Voudrais-tu / Voudriez-vous une table? 7. Que dois-tu / devez-vous faire ici? 8. Quel voudrais-tu / voudriez-vous acheter? 9. Je veux montrer quelque chose à Marie 10. Où est le train pour Marseille?

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je voudrais le faire plus tard 2. Je n’aime pas ça 3. Que veux-tu faire maintenant? 4. Ce n’est pas parfait, mais c’est très bon 5. Combien d’argent dépense-t-il? 6. C’est plus calme ici 7. Je préfère la France 8. N’ont-ils pas tout apporté avec eux? 9. Avons-nous tout fait pour demain? 10. J’ai mangé il y a trois heures

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I would like to do it later I don’t like that What do you want to do now? It isn’t perfect, but it’s very good How much money is he spending? It’s calmer here I prefer France Haven’t they brought everything with them? Have we done everything for tomorrow? I ate three hours ago

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. I had to 2. she had to 3. what (question) 4. our 5. he was 6. they were 7. to be called 8. still 9. to let me know 10. to park (yourself/yourselves) 11. already 12. they wanted 13. to realise 14. your (informal) 15. you wanted (formal) 16. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 17. this time last year 18. you were (informal) 19. we had to 20. to say / to tell 21. to tell Marie

22. you were (formal) 23. one was 24. you had to (informal) 25. to call 26. to do the shopping 27. we wanted 28. I wanted 29. to do the cooking 30. I got the car washed 31. a week (8 days) 32. somewhere 33. she knew 34. again 35. you had to (formal) 36. they had to 37. he knew 38. to park (myself) 39. he had to 40. your (formal) 41. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 42. a garage 43. they knew 44. I was

45. to wash 46. my 47. to let somebody know 48. sometimes 49. not yet 50. to park (yourself (informal)) 51. you knew (informal) 52. she wanted 53. she was 54. to do / to make 55. to let you know 56. he wanted 57. to park + object 58. this time last week 59. I knew 60. we knew 61. to get up 62. to know 63. his / her 64. we were 65. to have a wash 66. you knew (formal) 67. a fortnight

68. a safe place 69. what (in front of an infinitive) 70. to pack one's suitcases 71. what (non-question) 72. you wanted (informal) 73. their 74. to park (ourselves)

1. je devais 2. elle devait 3. que 4. notre / nos 5. il était 6. ils étaient 7. s'appeler 8. toujours 9. me faire savoir 10. vous garer 11. déjà 12. ils voulaient 13. se rendre compte 14. ton / ta / tes 15. vous vouliez 16. se garer 17. il y a exactement un an 18. tu étais 19. nous devions 20. dire 21. dire à Marie 22. vous étiez 23. on était

24. tu devais 25. appeler 26. faire les courses 27. nous voulions 28. je voulais 29. faire la cuisine 30. j'ai fait laver la voiture 31. huit jours 32. quelque part 33. elle savait 34. encore 35. vous deviez 36. ils devaient 37. il savait 38. me garer 39. il devait 40. votre / vos 41. quelqu'un 42. un garage 43. ils savaient 44. j'étais 45. laver 46. mon / ma / mes

47. faire savoir à quelqu'un 48. quelquefois 49. pas encore 50. te garer 51. tu savais 52. elle voulait 53. elle était 54. faire 55. te / vous faire savoir 56. il voulait 57. garer 58. il y a exactement huit jours 59. je savais 60. nous savions 61. se lever 62. savoir 63. son / sa / ses 64. nous étions 65. se laver 66. vous saviez 67. quinze jours 68. un endroit sûr 69. quoi

70. faire ses valises 71. ce que 72. tu voulais 73. leur / leurs 74. nous garer

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons ninety-three to ninety-five of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons ninety-six to ninety-eight, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

3 MINUTE FRENCH LESSONS 96 – 98 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2021 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute French”. I’m Kieran, a language tutor based in the UK, and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute French: Lessons 93-95”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning French now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself! The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the French language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 200 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak French, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 96 LESSON 97 LESSON 98 Merci

LESSON 96 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? I was you were he was she was one was we were they were this time last year this time last week a week (8 days) a fortnight already / yet / before still not yet / (not) before again If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

The last lesson was a little intense, so we’ll make this lesson a little easier. However, what I am going to start to do is write some of these commentary parts in French, to help you with your comprehension skills. Voilà, le premier mot de cette leçon (here is the first word of this lesson):

d'habitude It means “usually” You pronounce it “dah-bee-tude”

How would you say this in French?

Usually, I go to France.

Usually, I go to France. D’habitude, je vais en France.

The word “d’habitude” usually goes at the beginning or the end of a sentence in French. So, how would you say this in French?

Where do you usually spend the holidays?

Where do you usually spend the holidays? Où passes-tu les vacances d’habitude? / Où passez-vous les vacances d’habitude?

How would you say this in French?

Usually, they eat here.

Usually, they eat here. D’habitude, ils mangent ici.

How would you say this in French?

Usually, I spend the holidays abroad.

Usually, I spend the holidays abroad. D’habitude, je passe les vacances à l’étranger.

How would you say this in French?

Usually, I eat here when I am in Paris.

Usually, I eat here when I am in Paris. D’habitude, je mange ici quand je suis à Paris.

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually

Maintenant, nous avons un autre mot très utile (now, we have another very useful word):

peut-être (que) It means “maybe” or “perhaps” You pronounce it “peugh-tet-reugh (keugh)”

maybe With the word “peut-être”, the reason why I put the little “que” in brackets is because it’s completely optional. However, with “peut-être”, if you don’t use the “que”, any subject and verb that comes afterwards must be inverted (switched around). If you do use the “que”, you don’t switch them around. Take a gander at the examples below: peut-être qu’il vient demain peut-être vient-il demain perhaps he’s coming tomorrow peut-être qu’elle n’est pas ici peut-être n’est-elle pas ici maybe she isn’t here peut-être qu’ils ne vont pas maintenant peut-être ne vont-ils pas maintenant maybe they’re not going now

How do you say this in French?

Maybe we can go later.

Maybe we can go later. Peut-être que nous pouvons aller plus tard. / Peut-être pouvons-nous aller plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

Maybe Pierre is here.

Maybe Pierre is here. Peut-être que Pierre est ici. / Peut-être Pierre est-il ici.

How would you say this in French?

Perhaps they have already ordered.

Perhaps they have already ordered. Peut-être qu’ils ont déjà commandé. / Peut-être ont-ils déjà commandé.

How would you say this in French?

Perhaps I’m too tired.

Perhaps I’m too tired. Peut-être que je suis trop fatigué. / Peutêtre suis-je trop fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

Maybe he isn’t coming.

Maybe he isn’t coming. Peut-être qu’il ne vient pas. / Peut-être ne vient-il pas.

How would you say this in French?

Perhaps it’s closed today.

Perhaps it’s closed today. Peut-être qu’il est fermé aujourd’hui. / Peut-être est-il fermé aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Maybe they’ve already left.

Maybe they’ve already left. Peut-être qu’ils sont déjà partis. / Peutêtre sont-ils déjà partis.

How would you say this in French?

Maybe they haven’t left yet.

Maybe they haven’t left yet. Peut-être qu’il ne sont pas encore partis. / Peut-être ne sont-ils pas encore partis.

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English

Voilà, un mot très utile (here is a very useful word):

envoyer à It means “(to) send to” You pronounce it “on-voy-yay ah”

How would you say this in French?

What are you sending to Pierre?

What are you sending to Pierre? Qu’envoyez-vous à Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What has he sent?

What has he sent? Qu’a-t-il envoyé?

How would you say this in French?

Have they sent it to Marie yet?

Have they sent it to Marie yet? L’ont-ils déjà envoyé à Marie?

envoyer Here is the conjugation of “envoyer” in the present tense. It’s a tiny bit irregular in that the ‘y’ becomes an ‘i’ for the je/tu/il/elle/on/ils/elles conjugations. j'envoie – I send tu envoies – you send il envoie – he sends elle envoie – she sends on envoie – one sends nous envoyons – we send vous envoyez – you send ils envoient – they send elles envoient – they send

How would you say this in French?

I’m sending it to Marie tomorrow morning.

I’m sending it to Marie tomorrow morning. Je l’envoie à Marie demain matin.

How would you say this in French?

Why are you sending it?

Why are you sending it? Pourquoi l’envoies-tu? / Pourquoi l’envoyez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

When is he sending it?

When is he sending it? Quand l’envoie-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

We’re sending everything to Pierre today.

We’re sending everything to Pierre today. Nous envoyons tout à Pierre aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

They’re sending it now.

They’re sending it now. Ils l’envoient maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I send it yesterday.

I sent it yesterday. Je l’ai envoyé hier.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre said that he sent it yesterday, but it hasn’t arrived yet.

Pierre said that he sent it yesterday, but it hasn’t arrived yet. Pierre a dit qu’il l’a envoyé hier, mais il n’est pas encore arrivé.

How would you say this in French?

They sent the children to Marie’s house.

They sent the children to Marie’s house. Ils ont envoyé les enfants chez Marie.

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English envoyer à – to send to

How would you say this in French?

I’m sending the children to my parents’ house next week.

I’m sending the children to my parents’ house next week. J’envoie les enfants chez mes parents la semaine prochaine.

Voilà, un mot très utile que vous pouvez utiliser avec le mot “envoyer” (here is a very useful word that you can use with the word “send”):

une lettre It means “a letter” You pronounce it “ooh leh-treugh”

How would you say this in French?

I’m sending a letter to Marie.

I’m sending a letter to Marie. J’envoie une lettre à Marie.

How would you say this in French?

Have you sent the letter yet?

Have you sent the letter yet? As-tu / Avez-vous déjà envoyé la lettre?

How would you say this in French?

I have a letter for you.

I have a letter for you. J’ai une lettre pour toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

You have a letter here.

You have a letter here. Tu as / Vous avez une lettre ici.

How would you say this in French?

Have you seen my letter?

Have you seen my letter? As-tu / Avez-vous vu ma lettre?

How would you say this in French?

I have lost your letter.

I have lost your letter. J’ai perdu ta / votre lettre.

How would you say this in French?

I have put their letters here.

I have put their letters here. J’ai mis leurs lettres ici.

How would you say this in French?

Can you leave our letters in the room, please?

Can you leave our letters in the room, please? Peux-tu laisser nos lettres dans la chambre, s’il te plaît? / Pouvez-vous laisser nos lettres dans la chambre, s’il vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

Are there any letters for me?

Are there any letters for me? Y a-t-il des lettres pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Marie left her letters at my house.

Marie left her letters at my house. Marie a laissé ses lettres chez moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English envoyer à – to send to une lettre – a letter

Voilà, un autre mot qui est parfait pour le verbe “envoyer”:

un colis It means “a parcel” You pronounce it “an(g) koh-lee”

How would you say this in French?

Somebody has sent me a parcel.

Somebody has sent me a parcel. Quelqu’un m’a envoyé un colis.

How would you say this in French?

Is there a parcel for me?

Is there a parcel for me? Y a-t-il un colis pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

I have a parcel for you.

I have a parcel for you. J’ai un colis pour toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

You have two parcels here.

You have two parcels here. Tu as / Vous avez deux colis ici.

How would you say this in French?

Have you seen my parcel?

Have you seen my parcel? As-tu / Avez-vous vu mon colis?

How would you say this in French?

I’m sorry but I have lost your parcel.

I’m sorry but I have lost your parcel. Je suis désolé mais j’ai perdu ton / votre colis.

How would you say this in French?

There are three parcels here, and they’re not for me.

There are three parcels here, and they’re not for me. Il y a trois colis ici, et ils ne sont pas pour moi.

How would you say this in French?

Can you leave my parcel in the room, please?

Can you leave my parcel in the room, please? Peux-tu laisser mon colis dans la chambre, s’il te plaît? / Pouvez-vous laisser mon colis dans la chambre, s’il vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

Are there any parcels there for me?

Are there any parcels there for me? Y a-t-il des colis là pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Marie left her parcel at my house.

Marie left her parcel at my house. Marie a laissé son colis chez moi.

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English envoyer à – to send to une lettre – a letter un colis – a parcel

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

un message It means “a message” You pronounce it “an(g) meh-saajsh”

How would you say this in French?

Somebody has left a message for you.

Somebody has left a message for you. Quelqu’un a laissé un message pour toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

Can I have my messages?

Can I have my messages? Puis-je avoir mes messages?

How would you say this in French?

I have a message for Sophie.

I have a message for Sophie. J’ai un message pour Sophie.

How would you say this in French?

Do you have a message for me?

Do you have a message for me? As-tu / Avez-vous un message pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has a message.

Pierre has a message. Pierre a un message.

How would you say this in French?

Is there a message for me?

Is there a message for me? Y a-t-il un message pour moi?

How would you say this in French?

There are three messages.

There are three messages. Il y a trois messages.

How would you say this in French?

Are there any messages for us today?

Are there any messages for us today? Y a-t-il des messages pour nous aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Has anybody left me a message?

Has anybody left me a message? Quelqu’un m’a-t-il laissé un message?

How would you say this in French?

Marie left a message for Pierre.

Marie left a message for Pierre. Marie a laissé un message pour Pierre.

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English envoyer à – to send to une lettre – a letter un colis – a parcel un message – a message

Maintenant, nous avons le mot pour la personne qui apporte les lettres (now we have the word for the person who brings the letters):

le facteur / la factrice It means “the postman” / “the postwoman” You pronounce it “leugh fak-teur” / “lah fak-treess”

How would you say this in French?

The postman has a letter for you.

The postman has a letter for you. Le facteur a une lettre pour toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

The postwoman is here.

The postwoman is here. La factrice est ici.

How would you say this in French?

What has the postman brought today?

What has the postman brought today? Que le facteur a-t-il apporté aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Have you seen the postwoman today?

Have you seen the postwoman today? As-tu / Avez-vous vu la factrice aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

The postman has a parcel for Pierre.

The postman has a parcel for Pierre. Le facteur a un colis pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

The postman doesn’t have any letters for us today.

The postman doesn’t have any letters for us today. Le facteur n’a pas de lettres pour nous aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Has the postman brought anything?

Has the postman brought anything? Le facteur a-t-il apporté quelque chose?

How would you say this in French?

Where is the postwoman?

Where is the postwoman? Où est le facteur?

How would you say this in French?

Our postman is called Jean.

Our postman is called Jean. Notre facteur s’appelle Jean.

How would you say this in French?

Usually, the postman arrives at 10 o’clock.

Usually, the postman arrives at 10 o’clock. D’habitude, le facteur arrive à dix heures.

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English envoyer à – to send to une lettre – a letter un colis – a parcel un message – a message le facteur – the postman la factrice – the postwoman

Et maintenant, le mot pour quelque chose que le facteur n’apporte pas (and now, the word for something that the postman doesn’t bring):

un email It means “an email” You pronounce it “an(g) ee-mayl”

How would you say this in French?

Can you send me an email?

Can you send me an email? Peux-tu m’envoyer un email?

How would you say this in French?

I can send you an email.

I can send you an email. Je peux t’envoyer un email. / Je peux vous envoyer un email.

How would you say this in French?

I want to see if I have an email.

I want to see if I have an email. Je veux voir si j’ai un email.

How would you say this in French?

Who sent me an email?

Who sent me an email? Qui m’a envoyé un email?

How would you say this in French?

Have you seen my email?

Have you seen my email? As-tu / Avez-vous vu mon email?

How would you say this in French?

Somebody has sent me an email.

Somebody has sent me an email. Quelqu’un m’a envoyé un email.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t have any emails from Pierre.

I don’t have any emails from Pierre. Je n’ai pas d’emails de Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I have a lot of emails.

I have a lot of emails. J’ai beaucoup d’emails.

How would you say this in French?

I don’t want to open this email.

I don’t want to open this email. Je ne veux pas ouvrir cet email.

How would you say this in French?

Have you opened my email yet?

Have you opened my email yet? As-tu / Avez-vous déjà ouvert mon email?

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English envoyer à – to send to une lettre – a letter un colis – a parcel un message – a message le facteur – the postman la factrice – the postwoman un email – an email

Si vous voulez envoyer un email, ce mot est très important:

une adresse email It means “an email address” You pronounce it “oon ah-dress ee-mayl”

How would you say this in French?

Do you have an email address?

Do you have an email address? As-tu / Avez-vous une adresse email?

How would you say this in French?

What is your email address?

What is your email address? Quelle est ton / votre adresse email?

How would you say this in French?

Pierre has your email address.

Pierre has your email address. Pierre a ton / votre adresse email.

email addresses When you give your email address to somebody in French, you do it in the same way as you do in English. There are just three things to note, though. Firstly, the @ symbol is called “arobase” in French, however, most people just say “at” like in English. I’ve also occasionally heard people say “chez”. Secondly, if you want to say “dot” as in “dot com”, you say “point” (pronounced “pwan(g)) Thirdly, the word for “underscore” is “tiret bas”. So, if your email address was: [email protected] You would say: pierre “tiret bas” blanc “at” gmail “point” com There’s just one more thing to note with the “tiret bas” (underscore). A lot of French people nowadays simply say “underscore” in English. However, you may also hear “tiret du huit” Tiret du 8? If you have an English keyboard, look across the top and you’ll see the first six letters are QWERTY. On a French keyboard, however, the layout is different and the first six letters across the top line are AZERTY. If you look on your keyboard, you’ll also see that the numbers have little symbols, which you can access by holding down the Shift button and the corresponding number. The symbols on an AZERTY keyboard are:

If you look at the number 8, you can see that the symbol is an underscore. The word “tiret” means “dash” in French, so “tiret du huit” means “dash of the 8”, since the number 8 is where you can find the underscore. That’s why a lot of French people call the underscore “tiret du huit”.

How would you say this in French?

My email address is [email protected]

My email address is [email protected] Mon adresse email est [email protected] (kieran "point" ball "at" france "point" com)

How would you say this in French?

My email address is [email protected]

My email address is [email protected] Mon adresse email est [email protected] (jean "tiret bas" pierre vingt "at" hotmail "point" fr) *In France, a lot of email addresses and websites end in .fr You pronounce it "point eff air". The letter "f" in French is pronounced the same as in English, but the letter "r" is pronounced "air"

WORD LIST SO FAR d'habitude – usually peut-être (que) – maybe / perhaps peut-être qu’il parle anglais – maybe he speaks English peut-être parle-t-il anglais – maybe he speaks English envoyer à – to send to une lettre – a letter un colis – a parcel un message – a message le facteur – the postman la factrice – the postwoman un email – an email une adresse email – an email address arobase / at – @ tiret bas / tiret du huit – underscore point – dot

send me As you most probably already know, you can put a little “me” in front of a verb to make the action happen “to me”. Pouvez-vous me voir? Can you see me? Marie ne me parle pas Marie isn’t speaking to me il m’envoie une lettre he’s sending me a letter Similarly, you can put a “vous” or a “te” in front of any verb to make the action happen “to you”. je peux vous voir I can see you je ne te parle pas I’m not speaking to you il vous envoie un colis he’s sending you a parcel In English, sometimes these words have a “to” in front of them, and sometimes they don’t. So: m'envoyer – to send (to) me t’envoyer – to send (to) you vous envoyer – to send (to) you nous envoyer – to send (to) us

We’ll talk more about these words in a later lesson, and we’ll add a few more. However, for now, just know that they are called “indirect object pronouns”.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to send you something.

I’m going to send you something. Je vais te / vous envoyer quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

He’s going to send me something.

He’s going to send me something. Il va m’envoyer quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

He’s going to send us a parcel tomorrow.

He's going to send us a parcel tomorrow. Il va nous envoyer un colis demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve sent you an email.

I’ve sent you an email. Je t’ai envoyé un email. / Je vous ai envoyé un email.

How would you say this in French?

He has sent me a letter, but I don’t want to open it.

He has sent me a letter, but I don’t want to open it. Il m’a envoyé une lettre, mais je ne veux pas l’ouvrir.

How would you say this in French?

They have sent us some money.

They have sent us some money. Il nous a envoyé de l’argent.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. I usually spend a fortnight in France in June 2. Pierre isn’t here yet, but maybe he is coming now 3. Are you sending a message to Marie? 4. Is there a parcel for me? 5. They’ve left your letters in the room 6. What is your email address? 7. My email address is [email protected] 8. The postman is here but he doesn’t have any letters for you 9. I’ve put a parcel in the room for Sophie 10. They sent everything to Marie yesterday

1. D’habitude, je passe quinze jours en France en juin 2. Pierre n’est pas encore ici, mais peut-être vient-il maintenant / peut-être qu’il vient maintenant 3. Envoies-tu / Envoyez-vous un message à Marie? 4. Y a-t-il colis pour moi? 5. Ils ont laissé tes / vos lettres dans la chambre 6. Quelle est ton / votre adresse email? 7. Mon adresse email est marie “tiret bas” clair “at” gmail “point” fr 8. Le facteur est ici mais il n’a pas de lettres pour toi / vous 9. J’ai mis un colis dans la chambre pour Sophie 10. Ils ont tout envoyé à Marie hier

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Quelqu’un nous a envoyé ce colis As-tu vu l’email de Marie? Je ne veux pas ouvrir cet email parce qu’il est de Pierre Nous n’avons pas de messages pour toi La factrice a laissé deux lettres pour vous hier, mais elle n’a pas de lettres aujourd’hui 6. Peut-être l’a-t-il envoyé hier 7. Je ne sais pas où est la lettre, mais peut-être qu’elle vient aujourd’hui 8. Je n’ai pas d’emails de toi 9. Puis-je t’envoyer un email demain? 10. Pouvez-vous tout mettre dans un email et l’envoyer à Marie plus tard?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Somebody has sent us this parcel Have you seen the email from Marie? I don’t want to open this email because it’s from Pierre We don’t have any messages for you The postwoman left two letters for you yesterday, but she doesn’t have any letters today 6. Maybe he sent it yesterday 7. I don’t know where the letter is, but maybe it’s coming today 8. I don’t have any emails from you 9. Can I send you an email tomorrow? 10. Can you put everything in an email and send it to Marie later?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. What wine do you fancy? 2. Are you going to try the wine? 3. Pierre’s chicken is delicious 4. Where is she going tomorrow? 5. Does he know how to speak German? 6. I’d like two tickets for Paris 7. He isn’t at the restaurant 8. I’m going to have some cheese now 9. I’m not going to change the reservation 10. I’m going to France tomorrow

1. De quel vin as-tu / avez-vous envie? 2. Vas-tu / Allez-vous essayer le vin? 3. Le poulet de Pierre est délicieux 4. Où va-t-elle demain? 5. Sait-il parler allemand? 6. Je voudrais deux billets pour Paris 7. Il n’est pas au restaurant 8. Je vais prendre du fromage maintenant 9. Je ne vais pas changer la réservation 10. Je vais en France demain

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Peut-on changer de table, s’il vous plaît? 2. Je ne mens pas 3. J’ai peur des grands chiens, mais j’aime les petits chiens 4. En juin prochain, nous allons au Portugal pour deux semaines 5. Puis-je louer une voiture pour trois jours, s’il vous plaît? 6. Marie a appelé Pierre hier 7. Ont-ils pris les billets pour le train? 8. Je ne mange pas de viande 9. Avez-vous des pommes? 10. J’espère acheter quelque chose pour Marie à Nice

1. Can we change tables, please? 2. I don’t lie 3. I’m scared of big dogs, but I like small dogs 4. Next June, we’re going to Portugal for two weeks 5. Can I hire a car for three days, please? 6. Marie called Pierre yesterday 7. Have they taken the tickets for the train? 8. I don’t eat meat 9. Do you have any apples? 10. I hope to buy something for Marie in Nice

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. they wanted 2. what (in front of an infinitive) 3. maybe / perhaps 4. usually 5. a fortnight 6. she knew 7. dot 8. to be called 9. to send to 10. our 11. somewhere 12. one was 13. a safe place 14. we wanted 15. I was 16. he knew 17. to park (myself) 18. to call 19. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 20. she had to 21. to park (ourselves) 22. to let me know 23. this time last week 24. I wanted 25. you had to (informal) 26. to have a wash 27. an email address 28. still 29. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 30. I knew 31. to let you know 32. an email 33. a week (8 days) 34. you wanted (formal)

35. they knew 36. already 37. @ 38. you had to (formal) 39. their 40. the postwoman 41. to do the cooking 42. to pack one's suitcases 43. to do the shopping 44. again 45. not yet 46. your (formal) 47. to park + object 48. to park (yourself (informal)) 49. to let somebody know 50. I had to 51. a garage 52. you wanted (informal) 53. to get up 54. he wanted 55. he was 56. my 57. to tell Marie 58. they had to 59. she wanted 60. I got the car washed 61. she was 62. we knew 63. he had to 64. your (informal) 65. his / her 66. a parcel 67. to park (yourself/yourselves) 68. we were 69. you were (informal) 70. they were 71. a letter

72. you knew (formal) 73. you were (formal) 74. to wash 75. to know 76. sometimes 77. the postman 78. you knew (informal) 79. what (non-question) 80. we had to 81. underscore 82. to realise 83. this time last year 84. what (question) 85. a message 86. to do / to make 87. to say / to tell

1. ils voulaient 2. quoi 3. peut-être (que) 4. d'habitude 5. quinze jours 6. elle savait 7. point 8. s'appeler 9. envoyer à 10. notre / nos 11. quelque part 12. on était 13. un endroit sûr 14. nous voulions 15. j'étais 16. il savait 17. me garer 18. appeler 19. se garer 20. elle devait 21. nous garer 22. me faire savoir 23. il y a exactement huit jours 24. je voulais 25. tu devais 26. se laver 27. une adresse email 28. toujours 29. quelqu'un 30. je savais 31. te / vous faire savoir 32. un email 33. huit jours 34. vous vouliez 35. ils savaient 36. déjà 37. arobase / at

38. vous deviez 39. leur / leurs 40. la factrice 41. faire la cuisine 42. faire ses valises 43. faire les courses 44. encore 45. pas encore 46. votre / vos 47. garer 48. te garer 49. faire savoir à quelqu'un 50. je devais 51. un garage 52. tu voulais 53. se lever 54. il voulait 55. il était 56. mon / ma / mes 57. dire à Marie 58. ils devaient 59. elle voulait 60. j'ai fait laver la voiture 61. elle était 62. nous savions 63. il devait 64. ton / ta / tes 65. son / sa / ses 66. un colis 67. vous garer 68. nous étions 69. tu étais 70. ils étaient 71. une lettre 72. vous saviez 73. vous étiez 74. laver

75. savoir 76. quelquefois 77. le facteur 78. tu savais 79. ce que 80. nous devions 81. tiret bas / tiret du huit 82. se rendre compte 83. il y a exactement un an 84. que 85. un message 86. faire 87. dire

LESSON 97 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? usually maybe / perhaps maybe he speaks French to send to a letter a parcel a message the postman / the postwoman an email an email address @ underscore dot If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Votre premier mot pour cette leçon:

par courrier It means “by post” You pronounce it “pahr koo-ree-ay”

How would you say this in French?

I can send it by post.

I can send it by post. Je peux l’envoyer par courrier.

How would you say this in French?

He has sent the letter by post.

He has sent the letter by post. Il a envoyé la lettre par courrier.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to send it by post?

Are you going to send it by post? Vas-tu / Allez-vous l’envoyer par courrier?

How would you say this in French?

She sent it by post two days ago.

She sent it by post two days ago. Elle l’a envoyé par courrier il y a deux jours.

How would you say this in French?

Can you send it by post, please?

Can you send it by post, please? Peux-tu l’envoyer par courrier, s’il te plaît? / Pouvez-vous l’envoyer par courrier, s’il vous plaît?

Here’s your next phrase for this lesson:

par email / par courrier électronique They both mean “by email” More and more people in France are simply saying, “par email”, but you’ll still see “par courrier électronique” quite a lot You pronounce it “pahr ee-mayl” and “pahr koo-ree-ay eh-lek-troh-neek”

How would you say this in French?

I can send it by email.

I can send it by email. Je peux l’envoyer par email / par courrier électronique.

How would you say this in French?

He has sent it by email.

He has sent it by email. Il l’a envoyé par email / par courrier électronique.

How would you say this in French?

I can send you the message by email.

I can send you the message by email. Je peux vous / t’envoyer le message par email / par courrier électronique.

How would you say this in French?

Did you send it by email or by post?

Did you send it by email or by post? L’as-tu / L’avez-vous envoyé par email ou par courrier?

How would you say this in French?

She didn’t send it by email; she sent me a letter.

She didn’t send it by email; she sent me a letter. Elle ne l’a pas envoyé par email / par courrier électronique; elle m’a envoyé une lettre.

Here’s a useful verb:

poster It means “to post” You pronounce it “poh-stay”

How would you say this in French?

When did you post the letter?

When did you post the letter? Quand as-tu / avez-vous posté la lettre?

How would you say this in French?

I haven’t posted it yet.

I haven’t posted it yet. Je ne l’ai pas encore postée. *we put an extra ‘e’ on the end of posté because the object is "une lettre", which is feminine

How would you say this in French?

I have to post that today.

I have to post that today. Je dois poster ça aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Did they post everything to Pierre?

Did they post everything to Pierre? Ont-ils tout posté à Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Can you post it to my house?

Can you post it to my house? Peux-tu le poster chez moi?

How would you say this in French?

Has she posted the letter yet?

Has she posted the letter yet? A-t-elle déjà posté la lettre?

How would you say this in French?

Why haven’t you posted the parcel?

Why haven’t you posted the parcel? Pourquoi n’as-tu / n’avez-vous pas posté le colis?

WORD LIST SO FAR par courrier – by post par courrier électronique / par email – by email poster – to post

Here’s a nice expression that goes along nicely with all the words we’ve been learning:

mettre au courrier It means “to put in the post” You pronounce it “meh-treugh oh koo-ree-ay”

How would you say this in French?

When did you put it in the post?

When did you put it in the post? Quand l’as-tu / l’avez-vous mis au courrier?

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to put it in the post tomorrow.

I’m going to put it in the post tomorrow. Je vais le mettre au courrier demain.

How would you say this in French?

We haven’t sent the letter yet, but we’re going to put it in the post today.

We haven’t sent the letter yet, but we’re going to put it in the post today. Nous n’avons pas encore envoyé la lettre, mais nous allons la mettre au courrier aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

Why hasn’t he put the parcel in the post yet?

Why hasn’t he put the parcel in the post yet? Pourquoi n’a-t-il pas encore mis le colis au courrer?

How would you say this in French?

Marie didn’t put it in the post.

Marie didn’t put it in the post. Marie ne l’a pas mis au courrier.

How would you say this in French?

I’ve already put everything in the post.

I’ve already put everything in the post. J’ai déjà tout mis au courrier.

WORD LIST SO FAR par courrier – by post par courrier électronique / par email – by email poster – to post mettre au courrier – to put in the post

Voilà, un autre mot qui n’est pas trop different du mot “au courier”, mais c’est toujours utile d’avoir une variété d’options (here is another word, which isn’t too different from the word “par courier”, but it’s always useful to have a variety of options):

par la poste It means “by post” You pronounce it “pahr lah posst”

How would you say this in French?

I can send it by post.

I can send it by post. Je peux l’envoyer par la poste.

How would you say this in French?

He has sent the letter by post.

He has sent the letter by post. Il a envoyé la lettre par la poste.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to send it by post?

Are you going to send it by post? Vas-tu / Allez-vous l’envoyer par la poste?

How would you say this in French?

She sent it by post two days ago.

She sent it by post two days ago. Elle l’a envoyé par la poste il y a deux jours.

How would you say this in French?

Can you send it by post, please?

Can you send it by post, please? Peux-tu l’envoyer par la poste, s’il te plaît? / Pouvez-vous l’envoyer par la poste, s’il vous plaît?

WORD LIST SO FAR par courrier – by post par courrier électronique / par email – by email poster – to post mettre au courrier – to put in the post par la poste – by post

On ne peut pas envoyer une lettre sans ceci (you can’t send a letter without this):

une enveloppe It means “an envelope” You pronounce it “oon on-veugh-lop”

How would you say this in French?

Do you have an envelope?

Do you have an envelope? As-tu / Avez-vous une enveloppe?

How would you say this in French?

I need an envelope.

I need an envelope. J’ai besoin d’une enveloppe.

How would you say this in French?

Where can I find an envelope?

Where can I find an envelope? Où puis-je trouver une enveloppe?

How would you say this in French?

Where are the envelopes?

Where are the envelopes? Où sont les enveloppes?

How would you say this in French?

How much is it for three envelopes?

How much is it for three envelopes? C’est combien pour trois enveloppes?

How would you say this in French?

Can I have three of those envelopes, please?

Can I have three of those envelopes, please? Puis-je prendre trois de ces enveloppes, s’il te / vous plaît?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want an envelope for your letter?

Do you want an envelope for your letter? Veux-tu une enveloppe pour ta lettre? / Voulez-vous une enveloppe pour votre lettre?

WORD LIST SO FAR par courrier – by post par courrier électronique / par email – by email poster – to post mettre au courrier – to put in the post par la poste – by post une enveloppe – an envelope

Now, usually, in French, instead of saying, “I can’t find”, you say, “I don’t find”. So, how would you say this in French?

I can’t find the envelopes.

I can’t find the envelopes. Je ne trouve pas les enveloppes.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t find my parcel.

I can’t find my parcel. Je ne trouve pas mon colis.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t find Pierre.

I can’t find Pierre. Je ne trouve pas Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t find the keys for the room.

I can’t find the keys for the room. Je ne trouve pas les clés pour la chambre.

How would you say this in French?

I can’t find it.

I can’t find it. Je ne le trouve pas.

WORD LIST SO FAR par courrier – by post par courrier électronique / par email – by email poster – to post mettre au courrier – to put in the post par la poste – by post une enveloppe – an envelope je ne trouve pas… – I can’t find…

How would you say this in French?

The letter is in an envelope.

The letter is in an envelope. La lettre est dans une enveloppe.

How would you say this in French?

I have put it in an envelope.

I have put it in an envelope. Je l’ai mis dans une enveloppe.

How would you say this in French?

Marie has put everything in an envelope for you.

Marie has put everything in an envelope for you. Marie a tout mis dans une enveloppe pour toi / vous.

How would you say this in French?

Why haven’t you put it in an envelope?

Why haven’t you put it in an envelope? Pourquoi ne l’as-tu / l’avez-vous pas mis dans une enveloppe?

How would you say this in French?

I have an envelope, but I don’t have any stamps.

I have an envelope, but I don’t have any stamps. J’ai une enveloppe, mais je n’ai pas de timbres.

How would you say this in French?

I would like an envelope and two stamps, please.

I would like an envelope and two stamps, please. Je voudrais une enveloppe et deux timbres, s’il te / vous plaît.

Ceci est important si on prend l’adresse de quelqu’un (this is important if you take somebody’s address):

le code postal It means “the postcode” You pronounce it “leugh kod poss-tal”

How would you say this in French?

What is the postcode?

What is the postcode? Quel est le code postal?

How would you say this in French?

What is the restaurant’s postcode?

What is the restaurant’s postcode? Quel est le code postal du restaurant?

How would you say this in French?

Do you have my postcode?

Do you have my postcode? As-tu / Avez-vous mon code postal?

How would you say this in French?

What is Pierre’s postcode?

What is Pierre’s postcode? Quel est le code postal de Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

Does she have their postcode?

Does she have their postcode? A-t-elle leur code postal?

How would you say this in French?

Does anybody have the hotel’s postcode?

Does anybody have the hotel’s postcode? Quelqu’un a-t-il le code postal de l’hôtel?

How would you say this in French?

I want to send a letter to Sophie but I don’t have her postcode.

I want to send a letter to Sophie but I don’t have her postcode. Je veux envoyer une lettre à Sophie mais je n’ai pas son code postal.

How would you say this in French?

Don’t forget the postcode.

Don’t forget the postcode. N’oublies pas / N’oubliez pas le code postal.

WORD LIST SO FAR par courrier – by post par courrier électronique / par email – by email poster – to post mettre au courrier – to put in the post par la poste – by post une enveloppe – an envelope je ne trouve pas… – I can’t find… le code postal – the postcode

Enfin, le dernier mot pour cette leçon (finally, the last word for this lesson):

la boîte aux lettres It means “the letterbox” / “the postbox” You pronounce it “lah bwat oh let-reugh”

How would you say this in French?

Where is the letterbox?

Where is the letterbox? Où est la boîte aux lettres?

How would you say this in French?

I can’t find the postbox.

I can’t find the postbox. Je ne trouve pas la boîte aux lettres.

How would you say this in French?

Did you put it in the letterbox?

Did you put it in the letterbox? L’as-tu / L’avez-vous mis dans la boîte aux lettres?

How would you say this in French?

The letterbox is here.

The letterbox is here. La boîte aux lettres est ici.

How would you say this in French?

There isn’t a letterbox.

There isn’t a letterbox. Il n’y a pas de boîte aux lettres.

How would you say this in French?

The letterbox is too small for my letter.

The letterbox is too small for my letter. La boîte aux lettres est trop petite pour ma lettre.

How would you say this in French?

There is a postbox next to the hotel?

There is a postbox next to the hotel. Il y a une boîte aux lettres à côté de l’hôtel.

WORD LIST SO FAR par courrier – by post par courrier électronique / par email – by email poster – to post mettre au courrier – to put in the post par la poste – by post une enveloppe – an envelope je ne trouve pas… – I can’t find… le code postal – the postcode la boîte aux lettres – the letterbox / the postbox

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I prefer to send letters by post because I don’t like emails Can you send me everything by email? Have you posted the parcel? I’m going to put it in the post tomorrow morning I don’t have an envelope, but I’m going to the supermarket later I can’t find the stamps Do you have the postcode? Where is the postbox? Is there a postbox near the hotel? I want to send my postcards I have stamps, but I don’t have an envelope

1.

Je préfère envoyer des lettres par courrier / par la poste parce que je n’aime pas les emails 2. Peux-tu / Pouvez-vous tout m’envoyer par email / par courrier électronique? 3. As-tu / Avez-vous posté le colis? 4. Je vais le mettre au courrier demain matin 5. Je n’ai pas une enveloppe, mais je vais au supermarché plus tard 6. Je ne trouve pas les timbres 7. As-tu / Avez-vous le code postal? 8. Où est la boîte aux lettres? 9. Y a-t-il une boîte aux lettres près de l’hôtel? Je veux envoyer mes cartes postales 10. J’ai des timbres, mais je n’ai pas une enveloppe

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Puis-je avoir deux timbres et une enveloppe, s’il vous plaît? L’as-tu envoyé par email? Qui l’a posté? Vous pouvez le mettre dans la boîte aux lettres Avez-vous des enveloppes? Je ne trouve pas la boîte aux lettres Marie n’a pas encore tout posté Quel est le code postal de l’hôtel? L’ont-ils déjà posté? Ils l’ont mis au courrier ce matin

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Can I have two stamps and an envelope, please? Have you sent it by email? Who posted it? You can put it in the letterbox Do you have any envelopes? I can’t find the postbox Marie hasn’t posted everything yet What is the hotel’s postcode? Have they posted it yet? They put it in the post this morning

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

That is too small for me After the roundabout, take the first road on the right I’m very tired today Can I make it for three o’clock? Can I have two bags, please? The shoe shop is straight on I would like a taxi at quarter to one Try and be here at four o’clock They returned last week He isn’t here yet

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Ça c’est trop petit pour moi Après le rond-point, prenez la première rue à droite Je suis très fatigué aujourd’hui Puis-je la faire pour trois heures? Puis-je avoir deux sacs, s’il vous plaît? Le magasin de chaussures est tout droit Je voudrais un taxi à une heure moins le quart Essayes / Essayez d’être ici à quatorze heures Ils sont retournés la semaine dernière Il n’est pas encore ici

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Un peu moins pour moi, s’il vous plaît 2. Une table pour deux, s’il vous plaît 3. J’ai l’intention d’aller tôt demain 4. Le dîner était plus délicieux que le déjeuner 5. Je ne mange pas de viande 6. Je préfère rester chez moi, mais j’aime sortir aussi 7. Il y avait trop de nourriture à manger 8. Bonne journée 9. Se rend-elle compte que tu veux aller avec elle? 10. Quel voudrais-tu acheter?

1. A bit less for me, please 2. A table for two, please 3. I plan on going early tomorrow 4. Dinner was more delicious than lunch 5. I don’t eat meat 6. I prefer staying at home, but I like going out as well 7. There was too much food to eat 8. Have a good day 9. Does she realise that you want to go with her? 10. Which one would you like to buy?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. we knew 2. you knew (informal) 3. an envelope 4. to let me know 5. he had to 6. again 7. I wanted 8. they were 9. to park (yourself (informal)) 10. sometimes 11. you were (informal) 12. your (informal) 13. we had to 14. maybe / perhaps 15. usually 16. you wanted (informal) 17. she had to 18. their 19. the letterbox / the postbox 20. they had to 21. @ 22. they knew 23. a fortnight 24. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 25. a parcel 26. a garage 27. to wash 28. by post 29. not yet 30. what (in front of an infinitive) 31. to know 32. he knew 33. he was 34. an email address

35. by email 36. we wanted 37. this time last year 38. my 39. to realise 40. he wanted 41. she was 42. she knew 43. our 44. still 45. one was 46. to do the shopping 47. somewhere 48. to do / to make 49. you had to (informal) 50. a message 51. to get up 52. what (non-question) 53. you were (formal) 54. a week (8 days) 55. to call 56. to let you know 57. you had to (formal) 58. I can't find… 59. to park (myself) 60. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 61. to say / to tell 62. to have a wash 63. the postwoman 64. to park (yourself/yourselves) 65. we were 66. to let somebody know 67. already 68. to park (ourselves) 69. an email 70. to send to 71. you wanted (formal)

72. this time last week 73. the postcode 74. dot 75. I was 76. to park + object 77. to put in the post 78. your (formal) 79. to be called 80. a letter 81. they wanted 82. a safe place 83. I knew 84. you knew (formal) 85. I got the car washed 86. the postman 87. I had to 88. underscore 89. to do the cooking 90. to tell Marie 91. to post 92. his / her 93. to pack one's suitcases 94. what (question) 95. she wanted

1. nous savions 2. tu savais 3. une enveloppe 4. me faire savoir 5. il devait 6. encore 7. je voulais 8. ils étaient 9. te garer 10. quelquefois 11. tu étais 12. ton / ta / tes 13. nous devions 14. peut-être (que) 15. d'habitude 16. tu voulais 17. elle devait 18. leur / leurs 19. la boîte aux lettres 20. ils devaient 21. arobase / at 22. ils savaient 23. quinze jours 24. se garer 25. un colis 26. un garage 27. laver 28. par courrier / par la poste 29. pas encore 30. quoi 31. savoir 32. il savait 33. il était 34. une adresse email 35. par courrier électronique / par email 36. nous voulions 37. il y a exactement un an

38. mon / ma / mes 39. se rendre compte 40. il voulait 41. elle était 42. elle savait 43. notre / nos 44. toujours 45. on était 46. faire les courses 47. quelque part 48. faire 49. tu devais 50. un message 51. se lever 52. ce que 53. vous étiez 54. huit jours 55. appeler 56. te / vous faire savoir 57. vous deviez 58. je ne trouve pas… 59. me garer 60. quelqu'un 61. dire 62. se laver 63. la factrice 64. vous garer 65. nous étions 66. faire savoir à quelqu'un 67. déjà 68. nous garer 69. un email 70. envoyer à 71. vous vouliez 72. il y a exactement huit jours 73. le code postal 74. point

75. j'étais 76. garer 77. mettre au courrier 78. votre / vos 79. s'appeler 80. une lettre 81. ils voulaient 82. un endroit sûr 83. je savais 84. vous saviez 85. j'ai fait laver la voiture 86. le facteur 87. je devais 88. tiret bas / tiret du huit 89. faire la cuisine 90. dire à Marie 91. poster 92. son / sa / ses 93. faire ses valises 94. que 95. elle voulait

LESSON 98 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in French? by post by email to post to put in the post by post an envelope I can’t find… the postcode the letterbox / the postbox If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Dans cette leçon, on va apprendre un petit peu de géographie (in this lesson, we’re going to learn a little bit of geography):

le nord It means “the north” You pronounce it “leugh nor”

How would you say this in French?

I live in the north of England.

I live in the north of England. J’habite dans le nord de l’Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

Calais is in the north of France.

Calais is in the north of France. Calais est dans le nord de la France.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre lives in the north of France.

Pierre lives in the north of France. Pierre habite dans le nord de la France.

How would you say this in French?

Usually, it’s cold in the north of France.

Usually, it’s cold in the north of France. D’habitude, il fait froid dans le nord de la France.

How would you say this in French?

I was in the north of Spain last week.

I was in the north of Spain last week. J’étais dans le nord de l’Espagne la semaine dernière.

How would you say this in French?

She was in the north last year.

She was in the north last year. Elle était dans le nord l’année dernière.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very beautiful in the north of France.

It's very beautiful in the north of France. C’est très beau dans le nord de la France.

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

le sud It means “the south” You pronounce it “leugh sood”

How would you say this in French?

Marseille is in the south of France.

Marseille is in the south of France. Marseille est dans le sud de la France.

How would you say this in French?

I live in the south of England, near London.

I live in the south of England, near London. J’habite dans le sud de l’Angleterre, près de Londres.

How would you say this in French?

Marie lives in the south of France, not far from Marseille.

Marie lives in the south of France, not far from Nice. Marie habite dans le sud de la France, pas loin de Nice.

How would you say this in French?

We don’t live in the south; we live in the north.

We don’t live in the south; we live in the north. Nous n’habitons pas dans le sud; nous habitons dans le nord.

How would you say this in French?

Usually, it’s warm in the south of France.

Usually, it’s warm in the south of France. D’habitude, il fait chaud dans le sud de la France.

How would you say this in French?

I was in the north of Spain last week and I’m going to the south of Spain this week.

I was in the north of Spain last week and I’m going to the south of Spain this week. J’étais dans le nord de l’Espagne la semaine dernière et je vais au sud de l’Espagne cette semaine.

How would you say this in French?

They were in the south two years ago.

They were in the south two years ago. Ils étaient dans le sud il y a deux ans.

How would you say this in French?

It’s very beautiful in the south of France, but everything is very expensive.

It's very beautiful in the south of France, but everything is very expensive. C’est très beau dans le nord de la France, mais tout est très cher.

WORD LIST SO FAR le nord – the north le sud – the south

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

l'est It means “the east” You pronounce it “lest”

How would you say this in French?

I come from the east of England.

I come from the east of England. Je viens de l’est de l’Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

Pierre comes from the east of England.

Pierre comes from the east of England. Pierre vient de l’est de l’Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

We are in the east of France.

We’ve gone to the east of France. Nous sommes allés à l’est de la France.

How would you say this in French?

I would like to visit the east of France.

I would like to visit the east of France. Je voudrais visiter l’est de la France.

Here’s your next word for this lesson:

l'ouest It means “the west” You pronounce it “lwest”

How would you say this in French?

Sophie and Pierre live in the west of France, and Marie lives in the east of France.

Sophie and Pierre live in the west of France, and Marie lives in the east of France Sophie et Pierre habitent dans l’ouest de la France, et Marie habite dans l’est de la France.

How would you say this in French?

Hugo and Pierre come from the west of France.

Hugo and Pierre come from the west of France. Hugo et Pierre viennent de l’ouest de la France.

How would you say this in French?

The town is towards the west of England.

The town is towards the west of England. La ville est vers l’ouest de l’Angleterre.

WORD LIST SO FAR le nord – the north le sud – the south l’est – the east l’ouest– the west

Quelquefois, on utilise un autre nom pour la France (sometimes, we use another name for France):

l'Hexagone It means “France” but it’s an alternative name You pronounce it “lex-ah-gon”

The Hexagon? Another name for France is “l’Hexagone”. It literally means “the hexagon”, and this is due to the shape of the country. If you squint your eyes a little, you can see that it sort of has six sides. You can use either “la France” or “l’Hexagone”, but usually, “la France” is preferred.

WORD LIST SO FAR le nord – the north le sud – the south l’est – the east l’ouest– the west l’Hexagone – alternative name for "France"

Here’s your final word for this lesson:

le centre It means “the centre” or “the middle” You pronounce it “leugh son-treugh”

How would you say this in French?

It’s in the middle of France. (referring to a city)

It’s in the middle of France. Elle est dans le centre de la France.

How would you say this in French?

I come from the middle of England.

I come from the middle of England. Je viens du centre de l’Angleterre.

How would you say this in French?

We’re spending a fortnight in the centre of France.

We’re spending a fortnight in the centre of France. Nous passons quinze jours dans le centre de la France.

How would you say this in French?

The hotel is in the middle of Spain.

The hotel is in the middle of Spain. L’hôtel est dans le centre de l’Espagne.

How would you say this in French?

I live in the middle.

I live in the middle. J’habite dans le centre.

How would you say this in French?

Limoges is in the middle of France.

Limoges is in the middle of France. Limoges est dans le centre de la France.

WORD LIST SO FAR le nord – the north le sud – the south l’est – the east l’ouest– the west l’Hexagone – alternative name for "France" le centre – the middle

It’s time to practise what we’ve been learning in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in French. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

We live in the north of France and our friends live in the south of France 2. Usually, we go on holiday to the centre of France 3. London is in the south of England 4. I like the east of France; it’s very beautiful 5. The west and east of France are very different 6. They’re going to spend three weeks in the south of Spain 7. It’s very warm in the south of Spain, but it’s cold in the north 8. Do you come from the north or the south? 9. I come from the middle of England 10. The food is better in the north of England

1.

Nous habitons dans le nord de la France et nos amis habitent dans le sud de la France 2. D’habitude, nous allons en vacances au centre de la France 3. Londres est dans le sud de l’Angleterre 4. J’aime l’est de la France; il est très beau 5. L’ouest et l’est de la France sont très différents 6. Ils vont passer trois semaines dans le / au sud de l’Espagne 7. Il fait très chaud dans le sud de l’Espagne, mais il fait froid dans le nord 8. Viens-tu / Venez-vous du nord or du sud? 9. Je viens du centre de l’Angleterre 10. La nourriture est meilleure dans le nord de l’Angleterre

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following French sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. 2.

Les gens dans le nord de la France sont très sympa L’année prochaine, je vais visiter le nord et l’est, et cette année, je vais visiter l’ouest et le sud 3. L’année dernière, nous sommes allés au sud de la France et il était très beau 4. Préfères-tu le nord ou le sud? 5. Je préfère la nourriture dans le nord mais il fait soleil dans le sud de la France et je n’aime pas le froid 6. Mon amie, Marie, vient du nord de la France mais maintenant elle habite dans le sud de l’Angleterre 7. Pour moi, le nord est meilleur que le sud 8. Les régions dans l’ouest de la France ont beaucoup de vin délicieux 9. La région de Provence est dans le sud de la France 10. Orléans est dans le centre de la France

1. 2.

The people in the north of France are very nice Next year, I’m going to visit the north and the east, and this year, I’m going to visit the west and the south 3. Last year, we went to the south of France and it was very beautiful 4. Do you prefer the north or the south? 5. I prefer the food in the north but it’s sunny in the south of France and I don’t like the cold 6. My friend, Marie, comes from the north of France but now she lives in the south of England 7. I think the north is better than the south 8. The regions in the west of France have lots of delicious wine 9. The region of Provence is in the south of France 10. Orléans is in the middle of France

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I’m not going to pay for the taxi tonight because I paid for it last week 2. I didn’t feel like waiting here for Marie 3. We’re going to Sophie’s house next week 4. Whom did you call? 5. They had to go to Marseille by train 6. Hasn’t he finished yet? 7. Why do you have to go by car? 8. It was sunny in London yesterday 9. Next June, we’re going to Portugal for two weeks 10. I visited Calais but I didn’t go to the beach because it was windy

1. Je ne vais pas payer le taxi ce soir parce que je l’ai payé la semaine dernière 2. Je n’ai pas envie d’attendre Marie ici 3. Nous allons chez Sophie la semaine prochaine 4. Qui as-tu / avez-vous appelé? 5. Ils devaient aller à Marseille en train 6. N’a-t-il pas encore fini? 7. Pourquoi dois-tu / devez-vous aller en voiture? 8. Il faisait soleil / il y avait du soleil à Londres hier 9. En juin prochain, nous allons au Portugal pour deux semaines 10. J’ai visité Calais mais je ne suis pas allé à la plage parce qu’il y avait du vent / il faisait du vent

Let’s now do some French to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Je n’ai pas trouvé Pierre 2. Le meilleur hôtel est à côté de la Tour Eiffel 3. Est-elle au restaurant? 4. C’est combien par jour? 5. Je ne parle pas à Marie parce que je ne l’aime pas 6. C’est combien pour deux billets? 7. Je dois aller là en car parce que c’est trop cher en avion 8. Je n’ai pas essayé le vin 9. La pizza n’est pas prête 10. Puis-je parler avec quelqu’un qui peut m’aider, s’il vous plaît?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

I couldn’t find Pierre The best hotel is next to the Eiffel Tower Is she at the restaurant? How much is it per day? I don’t speak to Marie because I don’t like her How much is it for two tickets? I have to go there by coach because it’s too expensive by plane I didn’t try the wine The pizza isn’t ready Can I speak with somebody who can help me, please?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in French? 1. you wanted (formal) 2. I can't find… 3. I wanted 4. you were (formal) 5. what (in front of an infinitive) 6. he was 7. to be called 8. I was 9. by post 10. to let somebody know 11. what (non-question) 12. your (formal) 13. he wanted 14. already 15. a parcel 16. an email address 17. we were 18. a garage 19. again 20. they were 21. you knew (formal) 22. we wanted 23. their 24. the north 25. to do / to make 26. to call 27. we knew 28. his / her 29. a message 30. she wanted 31. you wanted (informal) 32. she had to 33. to know 34. to park (myself)

35. to get up 36. not yet 37. the middle 38. this time last year 39. the east 40. underscore 41. to have a wash 42. a letter 43. she knew 44. they wanted 45. the postwoman 46. to send to 47. they had to 48. to park (yourself/yourselves) 49. the south 50. an envelope 51. to let me know 52. a fortnight 53. I got the car washed 54. to park (yourself (informal)) 55. this time last week 56. the postcode 57. you had to (formal) 58. usually 59. the west 60. to say / to tell 61. still 62. I knew 63. to park (ourselves) 64. my 65. to wash 66. the letterbox / the postbox 67. sometimes 68. a week (8 days) 69. by email 70. to let you know 71. to realise

72. he knew 73. somewhere 74. they knew 75. I had to 76. to do the cooking 77. to pack one's suitcases 78. to put in the post 79. dot 80. the postman 81. @ 82. to park (himself/herself/themselves) 83. you knew (informal) 84. she was 85. a safe place 86. maybe / perhaps 87. to do the shopping 88. you had to (informal) 89. to tell Marie 90. we had to 91. an email 92. someone / somebody / anyone / anybody 93. what (question) 94. you were (informal) 95. one was 96. he had to 97. to park + object 98. to post 99. our 100. your (informal)

1. vous vouliez 2. je ne trouve pas… 3. je voulais 4. vous étiez 5. quoi 6. il était 7. s'appeler 8. j'étais 9. par courrier / par la poste 10. faire savoir à quelqu'un 11. ce que 12. votre / vos 13. il voulait 14. déjà 15. un colis 16. une adresse email 17. nous étions 18. un garage 19. encore 20. ils étaient 21. vous saviez 22. nous voulions 23. leur / leurs 24. le nord 25. faire 26. appeler 27. nous savions 28. son / sa / ses 29. un message 30. elle voulait 31. tu voulais 32. elle devait 33. savoir 34. me garer 35. se lever 36. pas encore 37. le centre

38. il y a exactement un an 39. l'est 40. tiret bas / tiret du huit 41. se laver 42. une lettre 43. elle savait 44. ils voulaient 45. la factrice 46. envoyer à 47. ils devaient 48. vous garer 49. le sud 50. une enveloppe 51. me faire savoir 52. quinze jours 53. j'ai fait laver la voiture 54. te garer 55. il y a exactement huit jours 56. le code postal 57. vous deviez 58. d'habitude 59. l'ouest 60. dire 61. toujours 62. je savais 63. nous garer 64. mon / ma / mes 65. laver 66. la boîte aux lettres 67. quelquefois 68. huit jours 69. par courrier électronique / par email 70. te / vous faire savoir 71. se rendre compte 72. il savait 73. quelque part 74. ils savaient

75. je devais 76. faire la cuisine 77. faire ses valises 78. mettre au courrier 79. point 80. le facteur 81. arobase / at 82. se garer 83. tu savais 84. elle était 85. un endroit sûr 86. peut-être (que) 87. faire les courses 88. tu devais 89. dire à Marie 90. nous devions 91. un email 92. quelqu'un 93. que 94. tu étais 95. on était 96. il devait 97. garer 98. poster 99. notre / nos 100. ton / ta / tes

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons ninety-six to ninety-eight of my “3 Minute French” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons ninety-nine to one hundred and one, and further books after that to continue building your French language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

BUILDING STRUCTURES IN FRENCH STRUCTURE 1 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “Building Structures in French: Structure 1”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The whole of the French language is made up of a number of structures. I remember one weekend, I was writing some lessons for the week ahead, when I suddenly realised this. I noticed that there are a certain number of structures in French, and that every sentence follows one of these structures. I spent the rest of the weekend working out that there are fifteen structures altogether, and I wrote them all down. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability to say a huge amount. Some structures are used more than others, and all fifteen structures together make up the whole French language. Once you’ve learnt all the structures, all you have to do is insert different words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures also help to propel you to fluency; if you can manipulate the structures at high speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to thing about how to say it. This book can be used as both a reference book and as a workbook. As I said, each structure enables you to say a huge amount, so I’ve limited each book to one structure so as not to overburden you. By looking at just one structure at a time, you can really get to grips with it and understand its usage. It will help to clarify the French language and make it more like a reflex rather than something you have to think everything through like it’s a maths equation. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like

spending hours studying French, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen:

Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep French fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with French and it’ll turn into a chore.

More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success.

More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three

minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Contents STRUCTURE 1 USING STRUCTURE 1 EXTRA INFORMATION MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? QUEL – WHICH ONE COMBIEN – HOW MUCH MORE WORDS AS A NON-QUESTION RECAP STRUCTURE 1 OUTLINE

STRUCTURE 1 The whole of the French language is made up of different structures of words. If you know the words and you know which order to put them in, you can speak the language! In the whole of the French language, there are only fifteen different structures. So, let’s get on and learn the first one.

Structure one consists of just three parts, and here is an example of it in use:

Que voulez-vous manger? What do you want to eat?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its three components and given each component a name:

Que 2voulez-vous 3manger? 1What 2do you want 3to eat?

1

QUE

VOULEZVOUS

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

MANGER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

So, those are the three components: a question word, an infinitive carrier and an infinitive. You may be wondering, “What on Earth is an infinitive and an infinitive carrier?”. Well, an infinitive is just a verb. A verb is a word you can put “to” in front of, for example: to eat, to drink, to speak, to smoke, to go, to be, to hear, to arrive, to leave… An infinitive carrier is any word you can put an infinitive on the end of. In English, we have things like “I would like”, “do you want” and “I’m going”, because you can put infinitives on the end of these: I would like to eat. I would like to drink. I would like to go. Do you want to leave? Do you want to call? Do you want to eat? I’m going to arrive. I’m going to go. I’m going to dance.

We can change any of the three parts in this structure. For example, instead of saying “Que” at the start, which means “What”, we could change it to “Où”, meaning “Where”.

Que voulez-vous manger? What do you want to eat? So, the question would become:

Où voulez-vous manger? Where do you want to eat? Or, we could change it to “Quand”, which means “When”.

Quand voulez-vous manger? When do you want to eat? Did you notice how the rest of the structure stayed the same? The “voulezvous manger?” part didn’t alter at all just because you changed the question word at the start.

all just because you changed the question word at the start.

So, that’s three question words we could use at the start of structure one:

où where que what quand when Let’s add a few more infinitives and infinitive carriers so we can really start to manipulate this structure…

USING STRUCTURE 1 Here’s a list of a few question words, a few infinitive carriers and quite a few infinitives. What we’re going to do is use this list of words to get used to structure 1 by making up some questions: Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Infinitive carriers Puis-je – Can I Voulez-vous – Do you want Allez-vous – Are you going Infinitives Manger – (To) eat* Boire – (To) drink Commander – (To) order Essayer – (To) try Payer – (To) pay Faire – (To) do / (To) make Louer – (To) hire Aller – (To) go Prendre – (To) take Avoir – (To) have Changer – (To) change *The reason I’ve put the “to” in brackets on all of these words in the infinitive list is because sometimes we English we say the “to” but other times we miss it off. For example “What do you want to do?” but then “What can I do?”. In the first sentence, we say the word “to” but not in the second sentence.

So, what we can do with this first structure is start to build up questions using the three parts (question word – infinitive carrier – infinitive). Turn the page and see if you can say these questions in French using the words in the list above:

How would you say this in French?

Where can I pay?

Where can I pay? Où puis-je payer?

How would you say this in French?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? Que puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Où voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? Que voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? Qu’allez-vous commander? Just note that the word QUE shortens to QU’ when you put it in front of a word that starts with a vowel or a H. For example: qu’allez-vous

By building questions using structure one, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and the structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in French. So, let’s do a few more:

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? Qu’allez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Comment voulez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

What can I try?

What can I try? Que puis-je essayer?

Now, so far, I’ve said that the first structure is made up of three parts. However, there is a fourth part, which I’ll call “Extra Information”. Read on…

EXTRA INFORMATION The fourth part of structure one is simply extra information such as nouns, adjectives, time words etc… We can add the extra information on to the end of the question to add… well…extra information. For example:

Que voulez-vous manger ce soir? What do you want to eat tonight? Où voulez-vous manger demain? Where do you want to eat tomorrow? Que voulez-vous faire maintenant? What do you want to do now?

We’ve had a few question words, a few “infinitive carriers” and quite a few “infinitives”, so here are some extra information words you can use: Extra information Demain – Tomorrow Aujourd’hui – Today Ce soir – Tonight Maintenant – Now Plus tard – Later À Paris – To Paris / In Paris En France – To France / In France Au restaurant – At the restaurant / To the restaurant Le poulet – The chicken Le manteau rouge – The red coat Un billet – A ticket Pour Pierre – For Pierre Ici – Here

So, now you’re armed with some “Extra information” words, you can make your questions a little more adventurous. How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do now?

What are you going to do now? Qu’allez-vous faire maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do for Pierre?

What are you going to do for Pierre? Qu’allez-vous faire pour Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to eat later?

What time do you want to eat later? À quelle heure voulez-vous manger plus tard?

MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 You can manipulate structure one in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don’t always have to stick all three parts together. Let’s see what happens when you don’t put the question word on.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to eat?

Do you want to eat? Voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to eat here?

Do you want to eat here? Voulez-vous manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going to pay?

Are you going to pay? Allez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to pay the bill now?

Do you want to pay the bill now? Voulez-vous payer l’addition maintenant?

Now let’s see what happens if you don’t put an infinitive on the end. How would you say this in French?

What do you want?

What do you want? Que voulez-vous?

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? I said earlier on in the book that the word “infinitive” just means “verb”. However, it’s specifically the whole verb, which in English usually has the word ‘to’ in front of it (but not always). In French, infinitives will always end in either the letters ‘er’, ‘ir’ or ‘re’. So far, in French, we’ve had… manger (to eat) boire (to drink) commander (to order) essayer (to try) payer (to pay) faire (to do/to make) louer (to hire) prendre (to take) avoir (to have) changer (to change)

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? An infinitive carrier is basically a word or an expression that can be followed by an infinitive. I’ve only given you a few French infinitive carriers so far: puis-je (can I) allez-vous (are you going) voulez-vous (do you want) You can put any infinitive on the end of these infinitive carriers to make your question for structure 1. Are you going to eat? Are you going to drink? Are you going to pay? Are you going to go? Are you going to try? There are a few more infinitive carriers that you’ll meet in later lessons and they make life much easier.

WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? A question word doesn’t really need much explanation. It’s easier just to see what they are. So far, we’ve looked at five question words. There’s only a small number of question words altogether so what we’ll do it learn them all now: Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? Que voulez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

How do you want to pay the bill?

How do you want to pay the bill? Comment voulez-vous payer l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you want?

Which one do you want? Quel voulez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you want to hire a car?

Why do you want to hire a car? Pourquoi voulez-vous louer une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Combien voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I hire a car?

Where can I hire a car? Où puis-je louer une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Quand voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? À quelle heure puis-je aller?

QUEL – WHICH ONE The question word “quel” can change in French depending on what it is referring to. Quel – Which / Which one (masculine singular) Quels – Which / Which ones (masculine plural) Quelle – Which / Which one (feminine singular) Quelles – Which / Which ones (feminine plural) You use “quel” or “quelle” when you’re referring to singular nouns (when there’s only one of something). You use “quels" or “quelles” when you’re referring to plural nouns (when there’s more than one of something).

Quel manteaux voulez-vous? Which coat do you want? Quels manteaux voulez-vous? Which coats do you want? Quelle voiture voulez-vous? Which car do you want? Quelles voitures voulez-vous? Which cars do you want?

COMBIEN – HOW MUCH The word “combien” means “how much” or “how many” when it’s by itself. However, when you put a noun on the end of it, it changes to “combien de”. Combien (how much / how many) Combien de + noun (how much / how many + noun) Have a look at some examples below:

Combien voulez-vous? How much do you want? Combien voulez-vous? How many do you want? Combien de vin voulez-vous? How much wine do you want? Combien de fromage voulez-vous? How much cheese do you want? Combien de carottes voulez-vous? How many carrots do you want? Combien de poireaux voulez-vous? How many leeks do you want?

Seeing as you’ve had all the question words, let’s practise them a little.

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to eat?

What do you want to eat? Que voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? Que voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to order?

What do you want to order? Que voulez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to try?

What do you want to try? Que voulez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? Que voulez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to make?

What do you want to make? Que voulez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to take?

What do you want to take? Que voulez-vous prendre?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to have?

What do you want to have? Que voulez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

What do you want to change?

What do you want to change? Que voulez-vous changer?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Où voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you want to drink?

Where do you want to drink? Où voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Quand voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to drink?

When do you want to drink? Quand voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to order?

When do you want to order? Quand voulez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Comment voulez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you want to eat here?

Why do you want to eat here? Pourquoi voulez-vous manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you want to take the car?

Why do you want to take the car? Pourquoi voulez-vous prendre la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to eat?

What time do you want to eat? À quelle heure voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you want to try?

Which one do you want to try? Quel voulez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you want to have?

Which one do you want to have? Quel voulez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you want to try?

Which ones do you want to try? Quels voulez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you want to have?

Which ones do you want to have? Quels voulez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Combien voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much do you want to drink?

How much do you want to drink? Combien voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

How many do you want to eat?

How many do you want to eat? Combien voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much pizza do you want to eat?

How much pizza do you want to eat? Combien de pizza voulez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine do you want to drink?

How much wine do you want to drink? Combien de vin voulez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to eat?

What are you going to eat? Qu’allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to drink?

What are you going to drink? Qu’allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? Qu’allez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to try?

What are you going to try? Qu’allez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? Qu’allez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to make?

What are you going to make? Qu’allez-vous faire?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to take?

What are you going to take? Qu’allez-vous prendre?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to have?

What are you going to have? Qu’allez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to change?

What are you going to change? Qu’allez-vous changer?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to eat?

Where are you going to eat? Où allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to drink?

Where are you going to drink? Où allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to eat?

When are you going to eat? Quand allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to drink?

When are you going to drink? Quand allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

When are you going to order?

When are you going to order? Quand allez-vous commander?

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to pay?

How are you going to pay? Comment allez-vous payer?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going to eat here?

Why are you going to eat here? Pourquoi allez-vous manger ici?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going to take the car?

Why are you going to take the car? Pourquoi allez-vous prendre la voiture?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going to eat?

What time are you going to eat? À quelle heure allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

Which one are you going to try?

Which one are you going to try? Quel allez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which one are you going to have?

Which one are you going to have? Quel allez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones are you going to try?

Which ones are you going to try? Quels allez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones are you going to have?

Which ones are you going to have? Quels allez-vous avoir?

How would you say this in French?

How much are you going to eat?

How much are you going to eat? Combien allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much are you going to drink?

How much are you going to drink? Combien allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

How many are you going to eat?

How many are you going to eat? Combien allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much pizza are you going to eat?

How much pizza are you going to eat? Combien de pizza allez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine are you going to drink?

How much wine are you going to drink? Combien de vin allez-vous boire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? Que puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

What can I drink?

What can I drink? Que puis-je boire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I try?

What can I try? Que puis-je essayer?

How would you say this in French?

What can I order?

What can I order? Que puis-je commander?

How would you say this in French?

What can I do?

What can I do? Que puis-je faire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I make?

What can I make? Que puis-je faire?

How would you say this in French?

What can I take?

What can I take? Que puis-je prendre?

How would you say this in French?

What can I have?

What can I have? Que puis-je avoir?

How would you say this in French?

What can I change?

What can I change? Que puis-je changer?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I eat?

Where can I eat? Où puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I drink?

Where can I drink? Où puis-je boire?

How would you say this in French?

When can I eat?

When can I eat? Quand puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

When can I order?

When can I order? Quand puis-je commander?

How would you say this in French?

What time can I eat?

What time can I eat? À quelle heure puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

Which one can I try?

Which one can I try? Quel puis-je essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which one can I have?

Which one can I have? Quel puis-je avoir?

How would you say this in French?

How much can I eat?

How much can I eat? Combien puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much can I drink?

How much can I drink? Combien puis-je boire?

How would you say this in French?

How many can I eat?

How many can I eat? Combien puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much chicken can I eat?

How much chicken can I eat? Combien de poulet puis-je manger?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine can I drink?

How much wine can I drink? Combien de vin puis-je boire?

MORE WORDS Seeing as we’ve now learnt all the question words, we may as well learn a few more infinitive carriers and infinitives. Then we can start making up questions for Structure 1 to our heart’s content! Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom Infinitive carriers Puis-je – Can I Pouvez-vous – Can you Voulez-vous – Do you want Allez-vous – Are you going Dois-je – Do I have to / Must I Devez-vous – Do you have to / Must you Infinitives Manger – (To) eat Boire – (To) drink Commander – (To) order Essayer – (To) try Payer – (To) pay Faire – (To) do / To make Louer – (To) hire Aller – (To) go Prendre – (To) take

Avoir – (To) have Changer – (To) change Acheter – (To) buy Commencer – (To) start Être – (To) be Partir – (To) leave Sortir – (To) go out Apporter – (To) bring Dépenser – (To) spend (money) Passer – (To) spend (time) Voir – (To) see Appeler – (To) call Rester – (To) stay Trouver – (To) find Dire – (To) tell / (To) say

How would you say this in French?

When do you want to leave?

When do you want to leave? Quand voulez-vous partir?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you going to see?

Whom are you going to see? Qui allez-vous voir?

How would you say this in French?

What can I bring?

What can I bring? Que puis-je apporter?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you going to stay tonight?

Where are you going to stay tonight? Où allez-vous rester ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Whom can I call?

Whom can I call? Qui puis-je appeler?

AS A NON-QUESTION So far, we’ve only looked at structure 1 in a question format. However, you can also use it in a non-question. Let’s just start this chapter with a quick recap of the structure in the question form.

Structure one in the question format consists of just three parts:

Que voulez-vous manger? What do you want to eat?

Que 2voulez-vous 3manger? 1What 2do you want 3to eat?

1

QUE

VOULEZVOUS

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

MANGER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Remember, we said you could add the optional fourth part, the “extra information”.

Que 2voulez-vous 3manger 4ce soir? 1What 2do you want 3to eat 4tonight?

1

VOULEZ4 QUE VOUS CE SOIR 3 MANGER QUESTION INFINITIVE EXTRA INFINITIVE WORD CARRIER INFORMATION TO EAT WHAT DO YOU TONIGHT WANT 2

1

To use this structure when you’re not asking a question is quite simple; you just take the question word off and flip the infinitive carrier around. You’ll have probably noticed that the infinitive carriers are made up of two parts. You simply flip them around to make them into a non-question. Let me show you what I mean.

Let’s compare a question and a non-question in the structure 1 format.

Que pouvez-vous manger? What can you eat? Vous pouvez manger plus tard. You can eat later. So, the infinitive carrier “pouvez-vous” means “can you”, and if you flip it around, you get “vous pouvez”, which means “you can”.

vous pouvez manger You can eat vous pouvez voir Pierre You can see Pierre vous pouvez aller demain You can go tomorrow

There’s just one thing to remember. When you flip around the infinitive carrier “puis-je”, it changes slightly and you get “je peux”. “Puis-je” means “can I” and “je peux” means “I can”.

je peux manger I can eat je peux voir Pierre I can see Pierre je peux aller demain I can go tomorrow

Below are two lists. First are the infinitive carriers as questions, and on below them are the infinitive carriers as non-questions. Question infinitive carriers Puis-je – Can I Pouvez-vous – Can you Voulez-vous – Do you want Allez-vous – Are you going Dois-je – Do I have to / Must I Devez-vous – Do you have to / Must you Non-question infinitive carriers Je peux – I can Vous pouvez – you can Vous voulez – you want Vous allez – you are going Je dois – I have to / I must Vous devez – you have to / you must A couple of extras you can use

Je veux – I want Je vais – I’m going

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something here for Pierre.

You can buy something here for Pierre. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose ici pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Vous pouvez l’acheter plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I can see it.

I can see it. Je peux le voir.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy something here.

I can buy something here. Je peux acheter quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something at the supermarket.

You can buy something at the supermarket. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose au supermarché.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy some cheese.

I can buy some cheese. Je peux acheter du fromage.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy something for my mum here.

I can buy something for my mum here. Je peux acheter quelque chose pour ma mère ici.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to be tired tomorrow.

You’re going to be tired tomorrow. Vous allez être fatigué demain.

How would you say this in French?

I have to be there soon.

I have to be there soon. Je dois être là bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You can bring it for Pierre.

You can bring it for Pierre. Vous pouvez l’apporter pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Vous pouvez l’acheter plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I must say something.

I must say something. Je dois dire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

I can bring it for Jeanne.

I can bring it for Jeanne. Je peux l’apporter pour Jeanne.

How would you say this in French?

I have to start soon.

I have to start soon. Je dois commencer bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You can eat something at the restaurant.

You can eat something at the restaurant. Vous pouvez manger quelque chose au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

I have to leave tomorrow.

I have to leave tomorrow. Je dois partir demain.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something in Paris.

You can buy something in Paris. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to be there soon.

You’re going to be there soon. Vous allez être là bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You must go now.

You must go now. Vous devez aller maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

You have to leave tomorrow.

You have to leave tomorrow. Vous devez partir demain.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it tomorrow.

You can buy it tomorrow. Vous pouvez l’acheter demain.

How would you say this in French?

You must say something.

You must say something. Vous devez dire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

You can bring it with you.

You can bring it with you. Vous pouvez l’apporter avec vous.

How would you say this in French?

I want to eat something.

I want to eat something. Je veux manger quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Vous allez dépenser trop d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

I must find the hotel.

I must find the hotel. Je dois trouver l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to change it now.

I’m going to change it now. Je vais le changer maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to buy too much.

You’re going to buy too much. Vous allez acheter trop.

How would you say this in French?

I want to buy something here.

I want to buy something here. Je veux acheter quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it in Marseille.

You can buy it in Marseille. Vous pouvez l’acheter à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

You must drink something.

You must drink something. Vous devez boire quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

I can bring it tomorrow.

I can bring it tomorrow. Je peux l’apporter demain.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something for Marie.

You can buy something for Marie. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose pour Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy it today.

I can buy it today. Je peux l’acheter aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy it later.

I can buy it later. Je peux l’acheter plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I can buy it tomorrow.

I can buy it tomorrow. Je peux l’acheter demain.

How would you say this in French?

I want to see La Rochelle tomorrow.

I want to see La Rochelle tomorrow. Je veux voir La Rochelle demain.

How would you say this in French?

You have to call Michel.

You have to call Michel. Vous devez appeler Michel.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to call Michel tomorrow.

I’m going to call Michel tomorrow. Je vais appeler Michel demain.

How would you say this in French?

I want to spend three weeks there.

I want to spend three weeks there. Je veux passer trois semaines là.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to order the chicken for Pierre.

I’m going to order the chicken for Pierre. Je vais commander le poulet pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I must change the reservation.

I must change the reservation. Je dois changer la réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I must go now.

I must go now. Je dois aller maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

You must eat something.

You must eat something. Vous devez manger quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something here.

You can buy something here. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to do it later.

I’m going to do it later. Je vais le faire plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

You have to be in Aix-en-Provence tomorrow.

You have to be in Aix-en-Provence tomorrow. Vous devez être à Aix-en-Provence demain.

How would you say this in French?

You have to start soon.

You have to start soon. Vous devez commencer bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You can buy something at the hotel.

You can buy something at the hotel. Vous pouvez acheter quelque chose à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

You can bring it for Davide.

You can bring it for Davide. Vous pouvez l’apporter pour Davide.

How would you say this in French?

You must change it now.

You must change it now. Vous devez le changer maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I have to call Marie.

I have to call Marie. Je dois appeler Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I have to be in Calais tomorrow.

I have to be in Calais tomorrow. Je dois être à Calais.

How would you say this in French?

You have to be there soon.

You have to be there soon. Vous devez être là bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going to buy it today.

I’m going to buy it today. Je vais l’acheter aujourd’hui.

So, there you have it, the first French structure in a non-question form:

Vous pouvez manger ici. You can eat here.

Vous pouvez 2manger 3ici. 1You can 2eat 3here.

1

VOUS POUVEZ 1

INFINITIVE CARRIER

YOU CAN

MANGER

2

INFINITIVE

EAT

ICI

3

EXTRA INFORMATION

HERE

RECAP Here’s a quick recap of all the question words, all the infinitive carriers (question and non-question format), all the infinitives and all the extra information we’ve learnt in this book. Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom Infinitive carriers (question form) Puis-je – Can I Pouvez-vous – Can you Voulez-vous – Do you want Allez-vous – Are you going Dois-je – Do I have to / Must I Devez-vous – Do you have to / Must you Infinitive carriers (non-question form) Je peux – I can Vous pouvez – you can Vous voulez – you want Vous allez – you are going Je dois – I have to / I must Vous devez – you have to / you must Je veux – I want Je vais – I’m going

Infinitives Manger – (To) eat Boire – (To) drink Commander – (To) order Essayer – (To) try Payer – (To) pay Faire – (To) do / To make Louer – (To) hire Aller – (To) go Prendre – (To) take Avoir – (To) have Changer – (To) change Acheter – (To) buy Commencer – (To) start Être – (To) be Partir – (To) leave Sortir – (To) go out Apporter – (To) bring Dépenser – (To) spend (money) Passer – (To) spend (time) Voir – (To) see Appeler – (To) call Rester – (To) stay Trouver – (To) find Dire – (To) tell / (To) say Extra information Demain – Tomorrow Aujourd’hui – Today Ce soir – Tonight Maintenant – Now Plus tard – Later À Paris – To Paris / In Paris En France – To France / In France Au restaurant – At the restaurant / To the restaurant Le poulet – The chicken Le manteau rouge – The red coat

Un billet – A ticket Pour Pierre – For Pierre Ici – Here

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to bring?

What are you going to bring? Qu’allez-vous apporter?

How would you say this in French?

What can you eat?

What can you eat? Que pouvez-vous manger?

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Vous allez dépenser trop d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

What can you see?

What can you see? Que pouvez-vous voir?

How would you say this in French?

When can I go out?

When can I go out? Quand puis-je sortir?

How would you say this in French?

I can bring some wine for Pierre tomorrow.

I can bring some wine for Pierre tomorrow. Je peux apporter du vin pour Pierre demain.

How would you say this in French?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight? Puis-je manger à l’hôtel ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Can you call Marie at quarter past four?

Can you call Marie at quarter past four? Pouvez-vous appeler Marie à quatre heures et quart?

How would you say this in French?

Can I pay the bill?

Can I pay the bill? Puis-je payer l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Where can I find it?

Where can I find it? Où puis-je le trouver?

How would you say this in French?

What time do you want to start?

What time do you want to start? À quelle heure voulez-vous commencer?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you want to try?

Which ones do you want to try? Quels voulez-vous essayer?

How would you say this in French?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

What are you going to do tomorrow? Qu’allez-vous faire demain?

How would you say this in French?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Vous pouvez l’acheter plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

Can I go out later?

Can I go out later? Puis-je sortir plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

I want to go out later.

I want to go out later. Je veux sortir plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to see it?

Do you want to see it? Voulez-vous le voir?

How would you say this in French?

Do you want to try it?

Do you want to try it? Voulez-vous l’essayer?

How would you say this in French?

Which one do you want to hire?

Which one do you want to hire? Quel voulez-vous louer?

How would you say this in French?

Whom do you want to see in Marseille?

Whom do you want to see in Marseille? Qui voulez-vous voir à Marseille?

How would you say this in French?

Whom do you have to see in Paris?

Whom do you have to see in Paris? Qui devez-vous voir à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you going to see in Calais?

Whom are you going to see in Calais? Qui allez-vous voir à Calais?

STRUCTURE 1 OUTLINE

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book dealt with Structure 1 of the French language. If you’d like to learn more, you can download the book for Structure 2 where you’ll learn about the next structure and how to use it. If you enjoyed the book, I’d be extremely grateful if you could leave a review. If you didn’t enjoy the book, let me know why by sending me an email to [email protected] I’m always interested in learning how I can improve my books so your feedback would be invaluable. I’ll make the changes you suggest and update the book. Whenever the book updates, if you’ve already purchased it, you’ll get the updates for free. Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

BUILDING STRUCTURES IN FRENCH STRUCTURE 2 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Bonjour et bienvenue (hello and welcome) to “Building Structures in French: Structure 2”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak French. The whole of the French language is made up of a number of structures. I remember one weekend, I was writing some lessons for the week ahead, when I suddenly realised this. I noticed that there are a certain number of structures in French, and that every sentence follows one of these structures. I spent the rest of the weekend working out that there are fifteen structures altogether, and I wrote them all down. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability to say a huge amount. Some structures are used more than others, and all fifteen structures together make up the whole French language. Once you’ve learnt all the structures, all you have to do is insert different words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures also help to propel you to fluency; if you can manipulate the structures at high speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to thing about how to say it. This book can be used as both a reference book and as a workbook. As I said, each structure enables you to say a huge amount, so I’ve limited each book to one structure so as not to overburden you. By looking at just one structure at a time, you can really get to grips with it and understand its usage. It will help to clarify the French language and make it more like a reflex rather than something you have to think everything through like it’s a maths equation. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like

spending hours studying French, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen:

Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep French fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with French and it’ll turn into a chore.

More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success.

More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three

minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Contents STRUCTURE 2 USING STRUCTURE 2 THE PRESENT TENSE EXTRA INFORMATION MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 2 INVERTED PRESENT TENSE INVERTING WITH IL/ELLE A QUICK RECAP DO vs. -ING AS A NON-QUESTION RECAP STRUCTURE 2 OUTLINE

STRUCTURE 2 The whole of the French language is made up of different structures of words. If you know the words and you know which order to put them in, you can speak the language! In the whole of the French language, there are only fifteen different structures. So, let’s get on and learn the second one.

Structure two uses the present tense to form questions and statements in a very similar fashion to structure 1. Structure 2 is probably my favourite structure in French (although I do like them all). It consists of just two parts and here is an example of it in use:

Que mangez-vous? What are you eating?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its core components and given each component a name (just like I did for the last structure):

Que 2mangez-vous? 1What 2are you eating? 1

QUE

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

MANGEZ-VOUS

2

INVERTED PRESENT TENSE

ARE Y0U EATING

Structure 2 will be easier for you to pick up, mainly because you already know all the question words. Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom So, what we can now do with this second structure is start to build up questions using the two parts (question word – inverted present tense).

We can change any of the two parts in this structure. For example, instead of saying “Que” at the start, which means “What”, we could change it to “Où”, meaning “Where”.

Que mangez-vous? What are you eating? So, the question would become:

Où mangez-vous? Where are you eating? Or, we could change it to “Quand”, which means “When”.

Quand mangez-vous? When are you eating? Just like with structure 1, you can change the question word without changing any of the rest of the question. The “mangez-vous?” part didn’t alter at all just because you changed the question word at the start.

USING STRUCTURE 2 There are just two parts to structure 2: the question word and the inverted present tense. Well, we know all the question words already: Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom But what about the inverted present tense? Well, in order to use the inverted present tense, you’ll need to know how to use the present tense. I’ll not go into too much depth on how to use the present tense in this book but I will give you a quick recap.

THE PRESENT TENSE For structure 1, we learnt lots of infinitives (the whole verb). We can take those infinitives and turn them into present tense. If you’re not sure on how to form the present tense, you can learn all about it in my Success With French Grammar book: The Present Tense. In this book, however, I’ll just conjugate all the infinitives we learnt in the structure 1 book, and put them into the present tense for you. I’ll just say this. Basically, what you do to form the present tense is get the infinitive and take off the last two letters. Then you add these endings depending on what the verb ended in and what person it is. Here are the present tense endings: JE -ER -IR -RE

e is s

TU es is s

IL / ELLE / ON e it /

NOUS VOUS

ILS / ELLES

ons issons ons

ent issent ent

ez issez ez

On the next few pages, I’ve put all the infinitives we’ve learnt into the present tense for you along with their meanings. See if you can spot the patterns (except for the irregular verbs, of course).

Manger – (To) eat je mange – I eat / I’m eating tu manges – you eat / you’re eating il mange – he eats / he’s eating elle mange – she eats / she’s eating on mange – one eats / one’s eating nous mangeons – we eat / we’re eating vous mangez – you eat / you’re eating ils mangent – they eat / they’re eating elles mangent – they eat / they’re eating (all women) Boire – (To) drink je bois – I drink / I’m drinking tu bois – you drink / you’re drinking il boit – he drinks / he’s drinking elle boit – she drinks / she’s drinking on boit – one drinks / one’s drinking nous buvons – we drink / we’re drinking vous buvez – you drink / you’re drinking ils boivent – they drink / they’re drinking elles boivent – they drink / they’re drinking (all women)

Commander – (To) order je commande – I order / I’m ordering tu commandes – you order / you’re ordering il commande – he orders / he’s ordering elle commande – she orders / she’s ordering on commande – one orders / one’s ordering nous commandons – we order / we’re ordering vous commandez – you order / you’re ordering ils commandent – they order / they’re ordering elles commandent – they order / they’re ordering (all women) Essayer – (To) try j’essaye– I try / I’m trying tu essayes – you try / you’re trying il essaye – he trys / he’s trying elle essaye – she trys / she’s trying on essaye – one trys / one’s trying nous essayons – we try / we’re trying vous essayez – you try / you’re trying ils essayent – they try / they’re trying elles essayent – they try / they’re trying (all women)

Payer – (To) pay je paye – I pay / I’m paying tu payes – you pay / you’re paying il paye – he pays / he’s paying elle paye – she pays / she’s paying on paye – one pays / one’s paying nous payons – we pay / we’re paying vous payez – you pay / you’re paying ils payent – they pay / they’re paying elles payent – they pay / they’re paying (all women) Faire – (To) do/make je fais – I do / I make / I’m doing / I’m making tu fais – you do / you make / you’re doing / you’re making il fait – he does / he makes / he’s doing / he’s making elle fait – she does / she makes / she’s doing / she’s making on fait – one does / one makes / one’s doing / one’s making nous faisons – we do / we make / we’re doing / we’re making vous faites – you do / you make / you’re doing / you’re making ils font – they do / they make / they’re doing / they’re making elles font – they do / they make / they’re doing / they’re making (all women) Louer – (To) hire je loue – I hire / I’m hiring tu loues – you hire / you’re hiring il loue – he hires / he’s hiring elle loue – she hires / she’s hiring on loue – one hires / one’s hiring nous louons – we hire / we’re hiring vous louez – you hire / you’re hiring ils louent – they hire / they’re hiring elles louent – they hire / they’re hiring (all women) Aller – (To) go

je vais – I go / I’m going tu vas – you go / you’re going il va – he goes / he’s going elle va – she goes / she’s going on va – one goes / one’s going nous allons – we go / we’re going vous allez – you go / you’re going ils vont – they go / they’re going elles vont – they go / they’re going (all women)

Prendre – (To) take je prends – I take / I’m taking tu prends – you take / you’re taking il prend – he takes / he’s taking elle prend – she takes / she’s taking on prend – one takes / one’s taking nous prenons – we take / we’re taking vous prenez – you take / you’re taking ils prennent – they take / they’re taking elles prennent – they take / they’re taking (all women) Avoir – (To) have j’ai – I have / I’m having tu as – you have / you’re having il a – he has / he’s having elle a – she has / she’s having on a – one has / one’s having nous avons – we have / we’re having vous avez – you have / you’re having ils ont – they have / they’re having elles ont – they have / they’re having (all women)

Changer – (To) change je change – I change / I’m changing tu changes – you change / you’re changing il change – he changes / he’s changing elle change – she changes / she’s changing on change – one changes / one’s changing nous changeons – we change / we’re changing vous changez – you change / you’re changing ils changent – they change / they’re changing elles changent – they change / they’re changing (all women) Acheter – (To) buy j’achète – I buy / I’m buying tu achètes – you buy / you’re buying il achète – he buys / he’s buying elle achète – she buys / she’s buying on achète – one buys / one’s buying nous achetons – we buy / we’re buying vous achetez – you buy / you’re buying ils achètent – they buy / they’re buying elles achètent – they buy / they’re buying (all women)

Commencer – (To) start je commence – I start / I’m starting tu commences – you start / you’re starting il commence – he starts / he’s starting elle commence – she starts / she’s starting on commence – one starts / one’s starting nous commençons – we start / we’re starting vous commencez – you start / you’re starting ils commencent – they start / they’re starting elles commencent – they start / they’re starting (all women) Être – (To) be je suis – I am / I’m being tu es – you are / you’re being il est – he is / he’s being elle est – she is / she’s being on est – one is / one’s being nous sommes – we are / we’re being vous êtes – you are / you’re being ils sont – they are / they’re being elles sont – they are / they’re being (all women)

Partir – (To) leave je pars – I leave / I’m leaving tu pars – you leave / you’re leaving il part – he leaves / he’s leaving elle part – she leaves / she’s leaving on part – one leaves / one’s leaving nous partons – we leave / we’re leaving vous partez – you leave / you’re leaving ils partent – they leave / they’re leaving elles partent – they leave / they’re leaving (all women) Sortir – (To) go out je sors – I go out / I’m going out tu sors – you go out / you’re going out il sort – he goes out / he’s going out elle sort – she goes out / she’s going out on sort – one goes out / one’s going out nous sortons – we go out / we’re going out vous sortez – you go out / you’re going out ils sortent – they go out / they’re going out elles sortent – they go out / they’re going out (all women)

Apporter – (To) bring j’apporte– I bring / I’m bringing tu apportes – you bring / you’re bringing il apporte – he brings / he’s bringing elle apporte – she brings / she’s bringing on apporte – one brings / one’s bringing nous apportons – we bring / we’re bringing vous apportez – you bring / you’re bringing ils apportent – they bring / they’re bringing elles apportent – they bring / they’re bringing (all women) Dépenser – (To) spend (money) je dépense– I spend / I’m spending tu dépenses – you spend / you’re spending il dépense – he spends / he’s spending elle dépense – she spends / she’s spending on dépense – one spends / one’s spending nous dépensons – we spend / we’re spending vous dépensez – you spend / you’re spending ils dépensent – they spend / they’re spending elles dépensent – they spend / they’re spending (all women)

Passer – (To) spend (time) je passe– I spend / I’m spending tu passes – you spend / you’re spending il passe – he spends / he’s spending elle passe – she spends / she’s spending on passe – one spends / one’s spending nous passons – we spend / we’re spending vous passez – you spend / you’re spending ils passent – they spend / they’re spending elles passent – they spend / they’re spending (all women) Passer – (To) spend (time) je passe– I spend / I’m spending tu passes – you spend / you’re spending il passe – he spends / he’s spending elle passe – she spends / she’s spending on passe – one spends / one’s spending nous passons – we spend / we’re spending vous passez – you spend / you’re spending ils passent – they spend / they’re spending elles passent – they spend / they’re spending (all women)

Voir – (To) see je vois– I see / I’m seeing tu vois – you see / you’re seeing il voit – he sees / he’s seeing elle voit – she sees / she’s seeing on voit – one sees / one’s seeing nous voyons – we see / we’re seeing vous voyez – you see / you’re seeing ils voient – they see / they’re seeing elles voient – they see / they’re seeing (all women) Appeler – (To) call j’appelle– I call / I’m calling tu appelles – you call / you’re calling il appelle – he calls / he’s calling elle appelle – she calls / she’s calling on appelle – one calls / one’s calling nous appelons – we call / we’re calling vous appelez – you call / you’re calling ils appellent – they call / they’re calling elles appellent – they call / they’re calling (all women)

Rester – (To) stay je reste– I stay / I’m staying tu restes – you stay / you’re staying il reste – he stays / he’s staying elle reste – she stays / she’s staying on reste – one stays / one’s staying nous restons – we stay / we’re staying vous restez – you stay / you’re staying ils restent – they stay / they’re staying elles restent – they stay / they’re staying (all women) Trouver – (To) find je trouve– I find / I’m finding tu trouves – you find / you’re finding il trouve – he finds / he’s finding elle trouve – she finds / she’s finding on trouve – one finds / one’s finding nous trouvons – we find / we’re finding vous trouvez – you find / you’re finding ils trouvent – they find / they’re finding elles trouvent – they find / they’re finding (all women)

Dire – (To) say / tell je dis– I say / I tell / I’m saying / I’m telling tu dis – you say / you tell / you’re saying / you’re telling il dit – he says / he tells / he’s saying / he’s telling elle dit – she says / she tells / she’s saying / she’s telling on dit – one says / one tells / one’s saying / one’s telling nous disons – we say / we tell / we’re saying / we’re telling vous dites – you say / you tell / you’re saying / you’re telling ils disent – they say / they tell / they’re saying / they’re telling elles disent – they say / they tell / they’re saying / they’re telling (all women)

So, that’s a lot of infinitives in the present tense. In structure 2, the second part is an “inverted” present tense verb. If you look at all the present tense verbs, you’ll notice there are two words. To invert them just means to switch them around. For example, if you have “vous passez”, which means “you spend” or “you’re spending”, then to invert it, you get “passez-vous”, which means “are you spending” or “do you spend”. Turn the page and see if you can say these questions in French using the words in the list above:

How would you say this in French?

Where are we going?

Where are we going? Où allons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

How are you paying?

How are you paying? Comment payez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

When are we going out?

When are we going out? Quand sortons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

What are you trying?

What are you trying? Qu’essayez-vous? Just note that the word QUE shortens to QU’ when you put it in front of a word that starts with a vowel or a H. For example: qu’essayez-vous

How would you say this in French?

What is he eating?

What is he eating? Que mange-t-il? Just note that when you use “il” or “elle” and the verb ends in a vowel, you have to put a ‘t’ in between to join the words together. For example: manget-il

By building questions using structure two, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and the structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in French. So, let’s do a few more:

What are you doing?

What are you doing? Que faites-vous?

How would you say this in French?

How is he paying?

How is he paying? Comment paye-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are they trying?

What are they trying? Qu’essayent-ils?

Just like with structure 1, in structure 2 there is also an optional part you can put on the end: the “Extra Information”.

EXTRA INFORMATION The extra information are all the nouns, adjectives, time words etc… We can add the extra information on to the end of the question to add extra information. For example:

Que faites-vous ce soir? What are you doing tonight? Où mangez-vous demain? Where are you eating tomorrow? Où allez-vous maintenant? Where are you going now?

Here’s a list of extra information you could use: Extra information Demain – Tomorrow Aujourd’hui – Today Ce soir – Tonight Maintenant – Now Plus tard – Later À Paris – To Paris / In Paris En France – To France / In France Au restaurant – At the restaurant / To the restaurant Le poulet – The chicken Le manteau rouge – The red coat Un billet – A ticket Pour Pierre – For Pierre Ici – Here

So, now you’re armed with some “Extra information” words, you can make your questions a little more adventurous. How would you say this in French?

What are you doing now?

What are you doing now? Que faites-vous maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

What are you buying for Pierre?

What are you buying for Pierre? Qu’achetez-vous pour Pierre?

How would you say this in French?

What time are we eating later?

What time are we eating later? À quelle heure mangeons-nous plus tard?

MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 2 You can manipulate structure two in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don’t always have to stick a question word on the start. Let’s see what happens when you don’t put the question word on.

How would you say this in French?

Are you eating?

Are you eating? Mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are they eating here?

Are they eating here? Mangent-ils ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are you paying the bill?

Are you paying the bill? Payez-vous l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Are you buying some cheese?

Are you buying some cheese? Achetez-vous du fromage?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going now?

Are you going now? Allez-vous maintenant?

How would you say this in French?

Am I paying the bill?

Am I paying the bill? Paye-je l’addition?

INVERTED PRESENT TENSE The present tense is made up of two words: the pronoun and the verb. JE MANGE I EAT PRONOUN + VERB If you swap these two elements around (invert them), you have to put a hyphen in the middle. This makes them into a question.

Vous mangez. You’re eating. Mangez-vous? Are you eating? Inverting works fine for all persons except one, the third person singular (il/elle/on). I’ll talk about this exception below but, for now, let me show you how it works normally:

je mange – mange-je? tu manges – mages-tu? nous mangeons – mangeons-nous ? vous mangez – mangez-vous ? ils mangent – mangent-ils ?

INVERTING WITH IL/ELLE Whenever you invert the present tense, you simply swap the pronoun and the verb around and put a hyphen in the middle. However, if you want to invert with “il” or “elle”, there’s an extra little thing to remember.

il mange he eats / he’s eating mange-t-il? does he eat? / is he eating? Whenever you invert with “il” or “elle”, you have to put a little –t– in between the verb and the pronoun, if the verb ends in a vowel. This is simply because it sounds nicer to French ears, there’s no other reason. If the verb doesn’t end in a vowel, you don’t have to bother.

elle comprend she understands comprend-elle? does she understand? There’s no vowel on the end of “comprend”, so you don’t need to put a –t– in between the verb and the pronoun.

il parle – parle-t-il? il mange – mange-t-il? il part – part-il ? il comprend – comprend-il ? il réserve – réserve-t-il ?

A QUICK RECAP You already know all the question words, so let me give you a list of some of the more common inverted present tense verbs. Then we can start making up lots of questions for Structure 2. Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom Inverted present tense mangez-vous? – are you eating? boit-il? – is he drinking? commandes-tu? – are you ordering? essayons-nous? – are we trying? payez-vous? – are you paying? fait-elle? – is she doing? louons-nous? – are we hiring? va-t-il? – is he going? prenez-vous? – are you taking? a-t-elle? – does she have? changeons-nous? – are we changing? achète-je? – am I buying? commencez-vous? – are you starting? sont-ils? – are they? sortons-nous? – are we going out? partent-ils? – are they leaving? apportez-vous? – are you bringing?

dépense-t-il? – is he spending (money)? passe-t-il? – is he spending (time)? voyons-nous? – are we seeing? appelles-tu? – are you calling? restent-ils? – are they staying? trouvez-vous? – do you find?

How would you say this in French?

What is he doing?

What is he doing? Que fait-il?

How would you say this in French?

How are you paying the bill?

How are you paying the bill? Comment payez-vous l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

Which one is she buying?

Which one is she buying? Quel achète-t-elle?

How would you say this in French?

Why are we hiring a car?

Why are we hiring a car? Pourquoi louons-nous une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

How much are you eating?

How much are you eating? Combien mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you hiring a car?

Where are you hiring a car? Où louez-vous une voiture?

How would you say this in French?

When are they eating?

When are they eating? Quand mangent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you going?

What time are you going? À quelle heure allez-vous?

DO vs. -ING Now, English has more ways of saying the same thing as French does. So, sometimes things can get a little confusing. When you’re asking a question using structure 2 in English, there are two ways to say it:

What are you eating? 2What do you eat?

1

In French, these are both the same:

Que mangez-vous? This is because, firstly, there is no –ing in French, and secondly, the little question word “do” doesn’t exist in French either. If neither of those words exist, all you have left is “What you eat?”, so to make it into a question, the French flip the verb and the pronoun around.

“What eat-you?” Que mangez-vous ? So, because the –ing doesn’t exist, we can say that, in French, there is no “am-ing”, “is-ing” or “are-ing” (where am I going? / where is he going? / where are you going?). Therefore, whenever you see that, just look at what the verb is.

Where are you going? Where you go?

(Where go-you?) Où allez-vous? Similarly, that little question word “do” that often appears in English questions, doesn’t exist in French. So, just ignore it!

When do you leave? When you leave? (When leave-you?) Quand partez-vous? So, there is to be no “-ing” nor “do” in French questions! And, there are two ways to ask questions in English, whereas there is just the one way in French:

Que mangez-vous? What do you eat? / What are you eating?

Quand partez-vous? When do you leave? / When are you leaving?

Quand viennent-ils? When do they come? / When are they coming?

How would you say this in French?

Where are you eating?

Where are you eating? Où mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where do you eat?

Where do you eat? Où mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

When does he finish?

When does he finish? Quand finit-il?

How would you say this in French?

When is he finishing?

When is he finishing? Quand finit-il?

How would you say this in French?

When do we arrive?

When do we arrive? Quand arrivons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

When are we arriving?

When are we arriving? Quand arrivons-nous?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you say that?

Why do you say that? Pourquoi dites-vous ça?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you saying that?

Why are you saying that? Pourquoi dites-vous ça?

How would you say this in French?

What are they doing?

What are they doing? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they do?

What do they do? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they drink?

What do they drink? Que boivent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What are they drinking?

What are they drinking? Que boivent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What are you eating?

What are you eating? Que mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What do you eat?

What do you eat? Que mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where is he going?

Where is he going? Où va-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

Where does he go?

Where does he go? Où va-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are they saying?

What are they saying? Que disent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they say here?

What do they say here? Que disent-ils ici?

How would you say this in French?

Does he speak English?

Does he speak English? Parle-t-il anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Is he speaking English?

Is he speaking English? Parle-t-il anglais?

How would you say this in French?

Does she arrive tomorrow?

Does she arrive tomorrow? Arrive-t-elle demain?

How would you say this in French?

Is she arriving tomorrow?

Is she arriving tomorrow? Arrive-t-elle demain?

How would you say this in French?

What time do they leave tonight?

What time do they leave tonight? À quelle heure partent-ils ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

What time are they leaving tonight?

What time are they leaving tonight? À quelle heure partent-ils ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

How many pizzas are you ordering?

How many pizzas are you ordering? Combien de pizzas commandez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

How many pizzas do you order, usually?

How many pizzas do you order, usually? Combien de pizzas commandez-vous, d’habitude?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine does he drink?

How much wine does he drink? Combien de vin boit-il?

How would you say this in French?

How much wine is he drinking?

How much wine is he drinking? Combien de vin boit-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are they making?

What are they making? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What do they make?

What do they make? Que font-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Are you trying the wine?

Are you trying the wine? Essayez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Do you try the wine?

Do you try the wine? Essayez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Are you making a reservation?

Are you making a reservation? Faites-vous une reservation?

How would you say this in French?

Do you make a reservation, usually?

Do you make a reservation, usually? Faites-vous une réservation, d’habitude?

How would you say this in French?

What are you having?

What are you having? Qu’avez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What do you have?

What do you have? Qu’avez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Where are they eating tomorrow?

Where are they eating tomorrow? Où mangent-ils demain?

How would you say this in French?

Are you eating with me today?

Are you eat with me today? Mangez-vous avec moi aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

When is he calling?

When is he calling? Quand appelle-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

When does he call?

When does he call? Quand appelle-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

What are you ordering for us?

What are you ordering for us? Que commandez-vous pour nous?

How would you say this in French?

Is she ordering for me as well?

Is she ordering for me as well? Commande-t-elle pour moi aussi?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you here?

Why are you here? Pourquoi êtes-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Why are they here?

Why are they here? Pourquoi sont-ils ici?

How would you say this in French?

What are you doing here?

What are you doing here? Que faites-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Which one is she buying?

Which one is she buying? Quel achète-t-elle?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones do you have?

Which ones do you have? Quels avez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Are you being stupid?

Are you being stupid? Êtes-vous stupide?

How would you say this in French?

Are we leaving soon?

Are we leaving soon? Partons-nous bientôt?

How would you say this in French?

Do we leave soon?

Do we leave soon? Partons-nous bientôt?

How would you say this in French?

Are you drinking the wine?

Are you drinking the wine? Buvez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Do you drink wine?

Do you drink wine? Buvez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

How are you going to France?

How are you going to France? Comment allez-vous en France?

How would you say this in French?

When are they going out?

When are they going out? Quand sortent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

When do they go out?

When do they go out? Quand sortent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Are you going out later?

Are you going out later? Sortez-vous plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Is he leaving today?

Is he leaving today? Part-il aujourd’hui?

How would you say this in French?

Is he here?

Is he here? Est-il ici?

How would you say this in French?

Are we speaking with Marie?

Are we speaking with Marie? Parlons-nous avec Marie?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you calling?

Whom are you calling? Qui appelez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What are you taking with you tomorrow?

What are you taking with you tomorrow? Que prenez-vous avec vous demain?

How would you say this in French?

What do you take with you?

What do you take with you? Que prenez-vous avec vous?

How would you say this in French?

What are they changing?

What are they changing? Que changent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Why are they changing the reservation?

Why are they changing the reservation? Pourquoi changent-ils la réservation?

How would you say this in French?

Where are we staying tonight?

Where are we staying tonight? Où restons-nous ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Are you staying here?

Are you staying here? Restez-vous ici?

How would you say this in French?

Does he stay here very often?

Does he stay here very often? Reste-t-il ici très souvent?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you eating?

What time are you eating? À quelle heure mangez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Which one are you taking?

Which one are you taking? Quel prenez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going with them?

Why are you going with them? Pourquoi allez-vous avec eux?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you go with them?

Why do you go with them? Pourquoi allez-vous avec eux?

How would you say this in French?

Why are they going to Paris?

Why are they going to Paris? Pourquoi vont-ils à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Why do they go to Paris?

Why do they go to Paris? Pourquoi vont-ils à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you taking that?

Why are you taking that? Pourquoi prenez-vous ça ?

How would you say this in French?

Why do you take that?

Why do you take that? Pourquoi prenez-vous ça?

How would you say this in French?

Whom is he telling?

Whom is he telling? Qui dit-il?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you seeing?

Whom are you seeing? Qui voyez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What are they bringing?

What are they bringing? Qu’apportent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

Where is she going tonight?

Where is she going tonight? Où va-t-elle ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Why are you going now?

Why are you going now? Pourquoi allez-vous maintenant?

AS A NON-QUESTION So far, we’ve only looked at structure 2 in a question format. However, you can also use it in a non-question. Let’s just start this chapter with a quick recap of the structure in the question form.

Structure two in the question format consists of just two parts:

Que mangez-vous? What are you eating? / What do you eat?

Que 2mangez-vous? 1What 2are you eating? 1

QUE

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

MANGEZ-VOUS

2

INVERTED PRESENT TENSE

ARE YOU EATING

Remember, we said you could add the optional third part, the “extra information”.

Que 2mangez-vous 3ce soir? 1What 2are you eating 3tonight? 1

MANGEZVOUS

2

QUE

1

QUESTION WORD

WHAT

INVERTED PRESENT TENSE

ARE YOU EATING

CE SOIR

4

EXTRA INFORMATION

TONIGHT

To use this structure when you’re not asking a question is quite simple; you just take the question word off and flip the inverted present tense around. Let me show you what I mean.

Let’s compare a question and a non-question in the structure 2 format.

Que mangent-ils? What are they eating? Ils mangent le poulet. They’re eating the chicken. So, the phrase “mangent-ils” means “are they eating”, and if you flip it around, you get “ils mangent”, which means “they are eating”.

ils boivent they are drinking ils parlent avec Pierre they are speaking with Pierre ils vont demain they are going tomorrow

Double meaning One thing to note is that, just like with the question format, the nonquestion format can have two meanings too. Every present tense verb in French can be translated in two ways into English. For example:

Je mange I eat / I’m eating There’s one way with an –ing and another way without an –ing.

Nous parlons We speak / We’re speaking Ils partent They leave / They’re leaving Vous commandez You order / You’re ordering

How would you say this in French?

She is buying something here for Pierre.

She is buying something here for Pierre. Elle achète quelque chose ici pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

They’re buying the wine later.

They’re buying the wine later. Ils achètent le vin plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I see Marie.

I see Marie. Je vois Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I’m buying something here.

I’m buying something here. J’achète quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

We’re buying something at the supermarket.

We’re buying something at the supermarket. Nous achetons quelque chose au supermarché.

How would you say this in French?

I’m buying some cheese.

I’m buying some cheese. J’achète du fromage.

How would you say this in French?

I’m buying something for my mum here.

I’m buying something for my mum here. J’achète quelque chose pour ma mère ici.

How would you say this in French?

He’s very tired.

He’s very tired. Il est très fatigué.

How would you say this in French?

I’m there tomorrow.

I’m there tomorrow. Je suis là demain.

How would you say this in French?

He’s bringing everything for Pierre.

He’s bringing everything for Pierre. Il apporte tout pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m bringing some food tomorrow.

I’m bringing some food tomorrow. J’apporte de la nourriture demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m saying something.

I’m saying something. Je dis quelque chose

How would you say this in French?

They’re bringing some wine for Jeanne.

They’re bringing some wine for Jeanne. Ils apportent du vin pour Jeanne.

How would you say this in French?

She’s starting soon.

She’s starting soon. Elle commence bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

We’re eating at the restaurant.

We’re eating at the restaurant. Nous mangeons au restaurant.

How would you say this in French?

You’re leaving tomorrow.

You’re leaving tomorrow. Vous partez demain.

How would you say this in French?

He’s buying something in Paris.

He’s buying something in Paris. Il achète quelque chose à Paris.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to Paris soon.

You’re going to Paris soon. Vous allez à Paris bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

They’re leaving tonight.

They’re leaving tonight. Ils partent ce soir.

How would you say this in French?

They’re eating at mine tomorrow.

They’re eating at mine tomorrow. Ils mangent chez moi demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m seeing Michelle later.

I’m seeing Michelle later. Je vois Michelle plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

You’re eating something.

You’re eating something. Vous mangez quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

We’re bringing everything with us tomorrow.

We’re bringing everything with us tomorrow. Nous apportons tout avec nous demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m doing something.

I’m doing something. Je fais quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

You’re spending too much money.

You’re spending too much money. Vous dépensez trop d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

I find the hotel terrible.

I find the hotel terrible. Je trouve l’hôtel terrible.

How would you say this in French?

I’m changing the reservation now.

I’m changing the reservation now. Je change la réservation maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

You’re buying too much.

You’re buying too much. Vous achetez trop.

How would you say this in French?

I’m buying something here.

I’m buying something here. J’achète quelque chose ici.

How would you say this in French?

We’re going to Marseille.

We’re going to Marseille. Nous allons à Marseille.

How would you say this in French?

He’s drinking something.

He’s drinking something. Il boit quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

I’m bringing Pierre tomorrow.

I’m bringing Pierre tomorrow. J’apporte Pierre demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m buying something for Marie.

I’m buying something for Marie. J’achète quelque chose pour Marie.

How would you say this in French?

We’re speaking.

We’re speaking. Nous parlons.

How would you say this in French?

We’re starting now.

We’re starting now. Nous commençons maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

I’m ordering a bottle of water for the table.

I’m ordering a bottle of water for the table. Je commande une bouteille d’eau pour la table.

How would you say this in French?

I’m ordering for you.

I’m ordering for you. Je commande pour vous.

How would you say this in French?

She’s calling Michel.

She’s calling Michel. Elle appelle Michel.

How would you say this in French?

I’m calling Michel tomorrow.

I’m calling Michel tomorrow. J’appelle Michel demain.

How would you say this in French?

I’m spending three weeks there.

I’m spending three weeks there. Je passe trois semaines là.

How would you say this in French?

I’m ordering the chicken for Pierre.

I’m ordering the chicken for Pierre. Je commande le poulet pour Pierre.

How would you say this in French?

I’m changing the reservation.

I’m changing the reservation. Je change la réservation.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going now.

I’m going now. Je vais maintenant.

How would you say this in French?

He’s eating something.

He’s eating something. Il mange quelque chose.

How would you say this in French?

We’re eating here today.

We’re eating here today. Nous mangeons ici aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

I’m doing everything later.

I’m doing everything later. Je fais tout plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

You’re in Aix-en-Provence tomorrow.

You’re in Aix-en-Provence tomorrow. Vous êtes à Aix-en-Provence demain.

How would you say this in French?

They’re starting soon.

They’re starting soon. Ils commencent bientôt.

How would you say this in French?

You’re going to the hotel.

You’re going to the hotel. Vous allez à l’hôtel.

How would you say this in French?

I’m buying something for Davide.

I’m buying something for Davide. J’achète quelque chose pour Davide.

How would you say this in French?

She’s changing everything.

She’s changing everything. Elle change tout.

How would you say this in French?

They’re calling Marie.

They’re calling Marie. Ils appellent Marie.

How would you say this in French?

I’m in Calais tomorrow.

I’m in Calais tomorrow. Je suis à Calais.

How would you say this in French?

She’s here today.

She’s here today. Elle est ici aujourd’hui.

How would you say this in French?

We’re drinking the wine.

We’re drinking the wine. Nous buvons le vin.

So, there you have it, the second French structure in a non-question form:

Ils mangent ici. They’re eating here.

Ils mangent 2ici. 1They’re eating 2here. 1

ILS MANGENT

1

ICI

3

PRESENT TENSE

EXTRA INFORMATION

THEY’RE EATING

HERE

RECAP Here’s a quick recap of all the question words, some inverted present tense verbs and some extra information. Question words Où – Where Que – What À quelle heure – At what time Quand – When Comment – How Quel – Which/Which one Pourquoi – Why Combien – How much / How many Combien de temps – How long (How much time) Qui – Who / Whom Inverted present tense mangez-vous? – are you eating? boit-il? – is he drinking? commandes-tu? – are you ordering? essayons-nous? – are we trying? payez-vous? – are you paying? fait-elle? – is she doing? louons-nous? – are we hiring? va-t-il? – is he going? prenez-vous? – are you taking? a-t-elle? – does she have? changeons-nous? – are we changing? achète-je? – am I buying? commencez-vous? – are you starting? sont-ils? – are they? sortons-nous? – are we going out? partent-ils? – are they leaving? apportez-vous? – are you bringing? dépense-t-il? – is he spending (money)?

passe-t-il? – is he spending (time)? voyons-nous? – are we seeing? appelles-tu? – are you calling? restent-ils? – are they staying? trouvez-vous? – do you find? Extra information Demain – Tomorrow Aujourd’hui – Today Ce soir – Tonight Maintenant – Now Plus tard – Later À Paris – To Paris / In Paris En France – To France / In France Au restaurant – At the restaurant / To the restaurant Le poulet – The chicken Le manteau rouge – The red coat Un billet – A ticket Pour Pierre – For Pierre Ici – Here

How would you say this in French?

What are you bringing?

What are you bringing? Qu’apportez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

What is he eating?

What is he eating? Que mange-t-il?

How would you say this in French?

You’re spending much too much money.

You’re spending much too much money. Vous dépensez beaucoup trop d’argent.

How would you say this in French?

What do you see?

What do you see? Que voyez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

When are they going out?

When are they going out? Quand sortent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

I am bringing some wine for Pierre tomorrow.

I am bringing some wine for Pierre tomorrow. J’apporte du vin pour Pierre demain.

How would you say this in French?

Are we eating at the hotel tonight?

Are we eating at the hotel tonight? Mangeons-nous à l’hôtel ce soir?

How would you say this in French?

Are you calling Marie at quarter past four?

Are you calling Marie at quarter past four? Appelez-vous Marie à quatre heures et quart?

How would you say this in French?

Is she paying the bill?

Is she paying the bill? Paye-t-elle l’addition?

How would you say this in French?

How are you finding the film?

How are you finding the film? Comment trouvez-vous le film?

How would you say this in French?

What time are you starting?

What time are you starting? À quelle heure commencez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Which ones are they trying?

Which ones are they trying? Quels essayent-ils?

How would you say this in French?

What are you doing tomorrow?

What are you doing tomorrow? Que faites-vous demain?

How would you say this in French?

He’s buying the food later.

He’s buying the food later. Il achète la nourriture plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

I’m going out later.

I’m going out later. Je sors plus tard.

How would you say this in French?

Are you going out later?

Are you going out later? Sortez-vous plus tard?

How would you say this in French?

Do you see the restaurant?

Do you see the restaurant? Voyez-vous le restaurant?

How would you say this in French?

Are you trying the wine?

Are you trying the wine? Essayez-vous le vin?

How would you say this in French?

Which car are you hiring?

Which car are you hiring? Quelle voiture louez-vous?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you seeing in Marseille?

Whom are you seeing in Marseille? Qui voyez-vous à Marseille?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you seeing in Paris?

Whom are you seeing in Paris? Qui voyez-vous à Paris?

How would you say this in French?

Whom are you calling in Calais?

Whom are you calling in Calais? Qui appelez-vous à Calais?

STRUCTURE 2 OUTLINE

Merci Before you go, I’d like to say “merci” for buying this book. There are lots of French books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book dealt with Structure 2 of the French language. If you’d like to learn more, you can download the book for Structure 3 where you’ll learn about the next structure and how to use it. If you enjoyed the book, I’d be extremely grateful if you could leave a review. If you didn’t enjoy the book, let me know why by sending me an email to [email protected] I’m always interested in learning how I can improve my books so your feedback would be invaluable. I’ll make the changes you suggest and update the book. Whenever the book updates, if you’ve already purchased it, you’ll get the updates for free. Thank you again, merci et à bientôt!

First published in July 2021.

New Enterprise House St Helens Street Derby DE1 3GY UK

email: [email protected]

Copyright © 2021 David Icke

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the Publisher, except for the quotation of brief passages in criticism

Cover Design: Gareth Icke Book Design: Neil Hague

British Library Cataloguing-in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

eISBN 978-18384153-1-0

Dedication:

To

Freeeeeedom!

Renegade:

Adjective ‘Having rejected tradition: Unconventional.’ Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Acquiescence to tyranny is the death of the spirit You may be 38 years old, as I happen to be. And one day, some great opportunity stands before you and calls you to stand up for some great principle, some great issue, some great cause. And you refuse to do it because you are afraid … You refuse to do it because you want to live longer … You’re afraid that you will lose your job, or you are afraid that you will be criticised or that you will lose your popularity, or you’re afraid that somebody will stab you, or shoot at you or bomb your house; so you refuse to take the stand. Well, you may go on and live until you are 90, but you’re just as dead at 38 as you would be at 90. And the cessation of breathing in your life is but the belated announcement of an earlier death of the spirit. Martin Luther King

How the few control the many and always have – the many do whatever they’re told ‘Forward, the Light Brigade!’ Was there a man dismayed? Not though the soldier knew Someone had blundered. Theirs not to make reply, Theirs not to reason why, Theirs but to do and die. Into the valley of Death Rode the six hundred. Cannon to right of them, Cannon to le of them, Cannon in front of them Volleyed and thundered; Stormed at with shot and shell, Boldly they rode and well, Into the jaws of Death, Into the mouth of hell Rode the six hundred Alfred Lord Tennyson (1809-1892)

The mist is li ing slowly I can see the way ahead And I’ve le behind the empty streets That once inspired my life And the strength of the emotion Is like thunder in the air ’Cos the promise that we made each other Haunts me to the end The secret of your beauty And the mystery of your soul I’ve been searching for in everyone I meet And the times I’ve been mistaken It’s impossible to say And the grass is growing Underneath our feet The words that I remember From my childhood still are true That there’s none so blind As those who will not see And to those who lack the courage And say it’s dangerous to try Well they just don’t know That love eternal will not be denied I know you’re out there somewhere Somewhere, somewhere I know you’re out there somewhere

Somewhere you can hear my voice I know I’ll find you somehow Somehow, somehow I know I’ll find you somehow And somehow I’ll return again to you The Moody Blues

Are you a gutless wonder - or a Renegade Mind? Monuments put from pen to paper, Turns me into a gutless wonder, And if you tolerate this, Then your children will be next. Gravity keeps my head down, Or is it maybe shame ... Manic Street Preachers

Rise like lions a er slumber In unvanquishable number. Shake your chains to earth like dew Which in sleep have fallen on you. Ye are many – they are few. Percy Shelley

Contents

CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER 9 CHAPTER 10 CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER 12 Postscript APPENDIX BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX

‘I’m thinking’ – Oh, but are you? Renegade perception The Pushbacker sting ‘Covid’: The calculated catastrophe There is no ‘virus’ Sequence of deceit War on your mind ‘Reframing’ insanity We must have it? So what is it? Human 2.0 Who controls the Cult? Escaping Wetiko     Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation    

CHAPTER ONE I’m thinking’ – Oh, but

are

you?

Think for yourself and let others enjoy the privilege of doing so too Voltaire

F

rench-born philosopher, mathematician and scientist René Descartes became famous for his statement in Latin in the 17th century which translates into English as: ‘I think, therefore I am.’ On the face of it that is true. Thought reflects perception and perception leads to both behaviour and self-identity. In that sense ‘we’ are what we think. But who or what is doing the thinking and is thinking the only route to perception? Clearly, as we shall see, ‘we’ are not always the source of ‘our’ perception, indeed with regard to humanity as a whole this is rarely the case; and thinking is far from the only means of perception. Thought is the village idiot compared with other expressions of consciousness that we all have the potential to access and tap into. This has to be true when we are those other expressions of consciousness which are infinite in nature. We have forgo en this, or, more to the point, been manipulated to forget. These are not just the esoteric musings of the navel. The whole foundation of human control and oppression is control of perception. Once perception is hijacked then so is behaviour which is dictated by perception. Collective perception becomes collective behaviour and collective behaviour is what we call human society. Perception is all and those behind human control know that which is

why perception is the target 24/7 of the psychopathic manipulators that I call the Global Cult. They know that if they dictate perception they will dictate behaviour and collectively dictate the nature of human society. They are further aware that perception is formed from information received and if they control the circulation of information they will to a vast extent direct human behaviour. Censorship of information and opinion has become globally Nazilike in recent years and never more blatantly than since the illusory ‘virus pandemic’ was triggered out of China in 2019 and across the world in 2020. Why have billions submi ed to house arrest and accepted fascistic societies in a way they would have never believed possible? Those controlling the information spewing from government, mainstream media and Silicon Valley (all controlled by the same Global Cult networks) told them they were in danger from a ‘deadly virus’ and only by submi ing to house arrest and conceding their most basic of freedoms could they and their families be protected. This monumental and provable lie became the perception of the billions and therefore the behaviour of the billions. In those few words you have the whole structure and modus operandi of human control. Fear is a perception – False Emotion Appearing Real – and fear is the currency of control. In short … get them by the balls (or give them the impression that you have) and their hearts and minds will follow. Nothing grips the dangly bits and freezes the rear-end more comprehensively than fear.

World number 1 There are two ‘worlds’ in what appears to be one ‘world’ and the prime difference between them is knowledge. First we have the mass of human society in which the population is maintained in coldlycalculated ignorance through control of information and the ‘education’ (indoctrination) system. That’s all you really need to control to enslave billions in a perceptual delusion in which what are perceived to be their thoughts and opinions are ever-repeated mantras that the system has been downloading all their lives through ‘education’, media, science, medicine, politics and academia

in which the personnel and advocates are themselves overwhelmingly the perceptual products of the same repetition. Teachers and academics in general are processed by the same programming machine as everyone else, but unlike the great majority they never leave the ‘education’ program. It gripped them as students and continues to grip them as programmers of subsequent generations of students. The programmed become the programmers – the programmed programmers. The same can largely be said for scientists, doctors and politicians and not least because as the American writer Upton Sinclair said: ‘It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it.’ If your career and income depend on thinking the way the system demands then you will – bar a few freeminded exceptions – concede your mind to the Perceptual Mainframe that I call the Postage Stamp Consensus. This is a tiny band of perceived knowledge and possibility ‘taught’ (downloaded) in the schools and universities, pounded out by the mainstream media and on which all government policy is founded. Try thinking, and especially speaking and acting, outside of the ‘box’ of consensus and see what that does for your career in the Mainstream Everything which bullies, harasses, intimidates and ridicules the population into compliance. Here we have the simple structure which enslaves most of humanity in a perceptual prison cell for an entire lifetime and I’ll go deeper into this process shortly. Most of what humanity is taught as fact is nothing more than programmed belief. American science fiction author Frank Herbert was right when he said: ‘Belief can be manipulated. Only knowledge is dangerous.’ In the ‘Covid’ age belief is promoted and knowledge is censored. It was always so, but never to the extreme of today.

World number 2 A ‘number 2’ is slang for ‘doing a poo’ and how appropriate that is when this other ‘world’ is doing just that on humanity every minute of every day. World number 2 is a global network of secret societies and semi-secret groups dictating the direction of society via

governments, corporations and authorities of every kind. I have spent more than 30 years uncovering and exposing this network that I call the Global Cult and knowing its agenda is what has made my books so accurate in predicting current and past events. Secret societies are secret for a reason. They want to keep their hoarded knowledge to themselves and their chosen initiates and to hide it from the population which they seek through ignorance to control and subdue. The whole foundation of the division between World 1 and World 2 is knowledge. What number 1 knows number 2 must not. Knowledge they have worked so hard to keep secret includes (a) the agenda to enslave humanity in a centrally-controlled global dictatorship, and (b) the nature of reality and life itself. The la er (b) must be suppressed to allow the former (a) to prevail as I shall be explaining. The way the Cult manipulates and interacts with the population can be likened to a spider’s web. The ‘spider’ sits at the centre in the shadows and imposes its will through the web with each strand represented in World number 2 by a secret society, satanic or semi-secret group, and in World number 1 – the world of the seen – by governments, agencies of government, law enforcement, corporations, the banking system, media conglomerates and Silicon Valley (Fig 1 overleaf). The spider and the web connect and coordinate all these organisations to pursue the same global outcome while the population sees them as individual entities working randomly and independently. At the level of the web governments are the banking system are the corporations are the media are Silicon Valley are the World Health Organization working from their inner cores as one unit. Apparently unconnected countries, corporations, institutions, organisations and people are on the same team pursuing the same global outcome. Strands in the web immediately around the spider are the most secretive and exclusive secret societies and their membership is emphatically restricted to the Cult inner-circle emerging through the generations from particular bloodlines for reasons I will come to. At the core of the core you would get them in a single room. That’s how many people are dictating the direction of human society and its transformation

through the ‘Covid’ hoax and other means. As the web expands out from the spider we meet the secret societies that many people will be aware of – the Freemasons, Knights Templar, Knights of Malta, Opus Dei, the inner sanctum of the Jesuit Order, and such like. Note how many are connected to the Church of Rome and there is a reason for that. The Roman Church was established as a revamp, a rebranding, of the relocated ‘Church’ of Babylon and the Cult imposing global tyranny today can be tracked back to Babylon and Sumer in what is now Iraq.

Figure 1: The global web through which the few control the many. (Image Neil Hague.)

Inner levels of the web operate in the unseen away from the public eye and then we have what I call the cusp organisations located at the point where the hidden meets the seen. They include a series of satellite organisations answering to a secret society founded in London in the late 19th century called the Round Table and among them are the Royal Institute of International Affairs (UK, founded in 1920); Council on Foreign Relations (US, 1921); Bilderberg Group (worldwide, 1954); Trilateral Commission (US/worldwide, 1972); and the Club of Rome (worldwide, 1968) which was created to exploit environmental concerns to justify the centralisation of global power to ‘save the planet’. The Club of Rome instigated with others the human-caused climate change hoax which has led to all the ‘green

new deals’ demanding that very centralisation of control. Cusp organisations, which include endless ‘think tanks’ all over the world, are designed to coordinate a single global policy between political and business leaders, intelligence personnel, media organisations and anyone who can influence the direction of policy in their own sphere of operation. Major players and regular a enders will know what is happening – or some of it – while others come and go and are kept overwhelmingly in the dark about the big picture. I refer to these cusp groupings as semi-secret in that they can be publicly identified, but what goes on at the inner-core is kept very much ‘in house’ even from most of their members and participants through a fiercely-imposed system of compartmentalisation. Only let them know what they need to know to serve your interests and no more. The structure of secret societies serves as a perfect example of this principle. Most Freemasons never get higher than the bo om three levels of ‘degree’ (degree of knowledge) when there are 33 official degrees of the Sco ish Rite. Initiates only qualify for the next higher ‘compartment’ or degree if those at that level choose to allow them. Knowledge can be carefully assigned only to those considered ‘safe’. I went to my local Freemason’s lodge a few years ago when they were having an ‘open day’ to show how cuddly they were and when I cha ed to some of them I was astonished at how li le the rank and file knew even about the most ubiquitous symbols they use. The mushroom technique – keep them in the dark and feed them bullshit – applies to most people in the web as well as the population as a whole. Sub-divisions of the web mirror in theme and structure transnational corporations which have a headquarters somewhere in the world dictating to all their subsidiaries in different countries. Subsidiaries operate in their methodology and branding to the same centrally-dictated plan and policy in pursuit of particular ends. The Cult web functions in the same way. Each country has its own web as a subsidiary of the global one. They consist of networks of secret societies, semi-secret groups and bloodline families and their job is to impose the will of the spider and the global web in their particular country. Subsidiary networks control and manipulate the national political system, finance, corporations, media, medicine, etc. to

ensure that they follow the globally-dictated Cult agenda. These networks were the means through which the ‘Covid’ hoax could be played out with almost every country responding in the same way.

The ‘Yessir’ pyramid Compartmentalisation is the key to understanding how a tiny few can dictate the lives of billions when combined with a top-down sequence of imposition and acquiescence. The inner core of the Cult sits at the peak of the pyramidal hierarchy of human society (Fig 2 overleaf). It imposes its will – its agenda for the world – on the level immediately below which acquiesces to that imposition. This level then imposes the Cult will on the level below them which acquiesces and imposes on the next level. Very quickly we meet levels in the hierarchy that have no idea there even is a Cult, but the sequence of imposition and acquiescence continues down the pyramid in just the same way. ‘I don’t know why we are doing this but the order came from “on-high” and so we be er just do it.’ Alfred Lord Tennyson said of the cannon fodder levels in his poem The Charge of the Light Brigade: ‘Theirs not to reason why; theirs but to do and die.’ The next line says that ‘into the valley of death rode the six hundred’ and they died because they obeyed without question what their perceived ‘superiors’ told them to do. In the same way the population capitulated to ‘Covid’. The whole hierarchical pyramid functions like this to allow the very few to direct the enormous many. Eventually imposition-acquiescence-imposition-acquiescence comes down to the mass of the population at the foot of the pyramid. If they acquiesce to those levels of the hierarchy imposing on them (governments/law enforcement/doctors/media) a circuit is completed between the population and the handful of superpsychopaths in the Cult inner core at the top of the pyramid. Without a circuit-breaking refusal to obey, the sequence of imposition and acquiescence allows a staggeringly few people to impose their will upon the entirety of humankind. We are looking at the very sequence that has subjugated billions since the start of 2020. Our freedom has not been taken from us. Humanity has given it

away. Fascists do not impose fascism because there are not enough of them. Fascism is imposed by the population acquiescing to fascism. Put another way allowing their perceptions to be programmed to the extent that leads to the population giving their freedom away by giving their perceptions – their mind – away. If this circuit is not broken by humanity ceasing to cooperate with their own enslavement then nothing can change. For that to happen people have to critically think and see through the lies and window dressing and then summon the backbone to act upon what they see. The Cult spends its days working to stop either happening and its methodology is systematic and highly detailed, but it can be overcome and that is what this book is all about.

Figure 2: The simple sequence of imposition and compliance that allows a handful of people at the peak of the pyramid to dictate the lives of billions.

The Life Program Okay, back to world number 1 or the world of the ‘masses’. Observe the process of what we call ‘life’ and it is a perceptual download from cradle to grave. The Cult has created a global structure in which perception can be programmed and the program continually topped-up with what appears to be constant confirmation that the program is indeed true reality. The important word here is ‘appears’.

This is the structure, the fly-trap, the Postage Stamp Consensus or Perceptual Mainframe, which represents that incredibly narrow band of perceived possibility delivered by the ‘education’ system, mainstream media, science and medicine. From the earliest age the download begins with parents who have themselves succumbed to the very programming their children are about to go through. Most parents don’t do this out of malevolence and mostly it is quite the opposite. They do what they believe is best for their children and that is what the program has told them is best. Within three or four years comes the major transition from parental programming to fullblown state (Cult) programming in school, college and university where perceptually-programmed teachers and academics pass on their programming to the next generations. Teachers who resist are soon marginalised and their careers ended while children who resist are called a problem child for whom Ritalin may need to be prescribed. A few years a er entering the ‘world’ children are under the control of authority figures representing the state telling them when they have to be there, when they can leave and when they can speak, eat, even go to the toilet. This is calculated preparation for a lifetime of obeying authority in all its forms. Reflex-action fear of authority is instilled by authority from the start. Children soon learn the carrot and stick consequences of obeying or defying authority which is underpinned daily for the rest of their life. Fortunately I daydreamed through this crap and never obeyed authority simply because it told me to. This approach to my alleged ‘be ers’ continues to this day. There can be consequences of pursuing open-minded freedom in a world of closed-minded conformity. I spent a lot of time in school corridors a er being ejected from the classroom for not taking some of it seriously and now I spend a lot of time being ejected from Facebook, YouTube and Twi er. But I can tell you that being true to yourself and not compromising your self-respect is far more exhilarating than bowing to authority for authority’s sake. You don’t have to be a sheep to the shepherd (authority) and the sheep dog (fear of not obeying authority).

The perceptual download continues throughout the formative years in school, college and university while script-reading ‘teachers’, ‘academics’ ‘scientists’, ‘doctors’ and ‘journalists’ insist that ongoing generations must be as programmed as they are. Accept the program or you will not pass your ‘exams’ which confirm your ‘degree’ of programming. It is tragic to think that many parents pressure their offspring to work hard at school to download the program and qualify for the next stage at college and university. The late, great, American comedian George Carlin said: ‘Here’s a bumper sticker I’d like to see: We are proud parents of a child who has resisted his teachers’ a empts to break his spirit and bend him to the will of his corporate masters.’ Well, the best of luck finding many of those, George. Then comes the moment to leave the formal programming years in academia and enter the ‘adult’ world of work. There you meet others in your chosen or prescribed arena who went through the same Postage Stamp Consensus program before you did. There is therefore overwhelming agreement between almost everyone on the basic foundations of Postage Stamp reality and the rejection, even contempt, of the few who have a mind of their own and are prepared to use it. This has two major effects. Firstly, the consensus confirms to the programmed that their download is really how things are. I mean, everyone knows that, right? Secondly, the arrogance and ignorance of Postage Stamp adherents ensure that anyone questioning the program will have unpleasant consequences for seeking their own truth and not picking their perceptions from the shelf marked: ‘Things you must believe without question and if you don’t you’re a dangerous lunatic conspiracy theorist and a harebrained nu er’. Every government, agency and corporation is founded on the same Postage Stamp prison cell and you can see why so many people believe the same thing while calling it their own ‘opinion’. Fusion of governments and corporations in pursuit of the same agenda was the definition of fascism described by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. The pressure to conform to perceptual norms downloaded for a lifetime is incessant and infiltrates society right

down to family groups that become censors and condemners of their own ‘black sheep’ for not, ironically, being sheep. We have seen an explosion of that in the ‘Covid’ era. Cult-owned global media unleashes its propaganda all day every day in support of the Postage Stamp and targets with abuse and ridicule anyone in the public eye who won’t bend their mind to the will of the tyranny. Any response to this is denied (certainly in my case). They don’t want to give a platform to expose official lies. Cult-owned-and-created Internet giants like Facebook, Google, YouTube and Twi er delete you for having an unapproved opinion. Facebook boasts that its AI censors delete 97-percent of ‘hate speech’ before anyone even reports it. Much of that ‘hate speech’ will simply be an opinion that Facebook and its masters don’t want people to see. Such perceptual oppression is widely known as fascism. Even Facebook executive Benny Thomas, a ‘CEO Global Planning Lead’, said in comments secretly recorded by investigative journalism operation Project Veritas that Facebook is ‘too powerful’ and should be broken up: I mean, no king in history has been the ruler of two billion people, but Mark Zuckerberg is … And he’s 36. That’s too much for a 36-year-old ... You should not have power over two billion people. I just think that’s wrong.

Thomas said Facebook-owned platforms like Instagram, Oculus, and WhatsApp needed to be separate companies. ‘It’s too much power when they’re all one together’. That’s the way the Cult likes it, however. We have an executive of a Cult organisation in Benny Thomas that doesn’t know there is a Cult such is the compartmentalisation. Thomas said that Facebook and Google ‘are no longer companies, they’re countries’. Actually they are more powerful than countries on the basis that if you control information you control perception and control human society.

I love my oppressor Another expression of this psychological trickery is for those who realise they are being pressured into compliance to eventually

convince themselves to believe the official narratives to protect their self-respect from accepting the truth that they have succumbed to meek and subservient compliance. Such people become some of the most vehement defenders of the system. You can see them everywhere screaming abuse at those who prefer to think for themselves and by doing so reminding the compliers of their own capitulation to conformity. ‘You are talking dangerous nonsense you Covidiot!!’ Are you trying to convince me or yourself? It is a potent form of Stockholm syndrome which is defined as: ‘A psychological condition that occurs when a victim of abuse identifies and a aches, or bonds, positively with their abuser.’ An example is hostages bonding and even ‘falling in love’ with their kidnappers. The syndrome has been observed in domestic violence, abused children, concentration camp inmates, prisoners of war and many and various Satanic cults. These are some traits of Stockholm syndrome listed at goodtherapy.org: • Positive regard towards perpetrators of abuse or captor [see ‘Covid’]. • Failure to cooperate with police and other government authorities when it comes to holding perpetrators of abuse or kidnapping accountable [or in the case of ‘Covid’ cooperating with the police to enforce and defend their captors’ demands]. • Li le or no effort to escape [see ‘Covid’]. • Belief in the goodness of the perpetrators or kidnappers [see ‘Covid’]. • Appeasement of captors. This is a manipulative strategy for maintaining one’s safety. As victims get rewarded – perhaps with less abuse or even with life itself – their appeasing behaviours are reinforced [see ‘Covid’]. • Learned helplessness. This can be akin to ‘if you can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em’. As the victims fail to escape the abuse or captivity, they may start giving up and soon realize it’s just easier for everyone if they acquiesce all their power to their captors [see ‘Covid’].

Feelings of pity toward the abusers, believing they are actually • victims themselves. Because of this, victims may go on a crusade or mission to ‘save’ [protect] their abuser [see the venom unleashed on those challenging the official ‘Covid’ narrative]. • Unwillingness to learn to detach from their perpetrators and heal. In essence, victims may tend to be less loyal to themselves than to their abuser [ definitely see ‘Covid’]. Ponder on those traits and compare them with the behaviour of great swathes of the global population who have defended governments and authorities which have spent every minute destroying their lives and livelihoods and those of their children and grandchildren since early 2020 with fascistic lockdowns, house arrest and employment deletion to ‘protect’ them from a ‘deadly virus’ that their abusers’ perceptually created to bring about this very outcome. We are looking at mass Stockholm syndrome. All those that agree to concede their freedom will believe those perceptions are originating in their own independent ‘mind’ when in fact by conceding their reality to Stockholm syndrome they have by definition conceded any independence of mind. Listen to the ‘opinions’ of the acquiescing masses in this ‘Covid’ era and what gushes forth is the repetition of the official version of everything delivered unprocessed, unfiltered and unquestioned. The whole programming dynamic works this way. I must be free because I’m told that I am and so I think that I am. You can see what I mean with the chapter theme of ‘I’m thinking – Oh, but are you?’ The great majority are not thinking, let alone for themselves. They are repeating what authority has told them to believe which allows them to be controlled. Weaving through this mentality is the fear that the ‘conspiracy theorists’ are right and this again explains the o en hysterical abuse that ensues when you dare to contest the official narrative of anything. Denial is the mechanism of hiding from yourself what you don’t want to be true. Telling people what they want to hear is easy, but it’s an infinitely greater challenge to tell them what they would rather not be happening.

One is akin to pushing against an open door while the other is met with vehement resistance no ma er what the scale of evidence. I don’t want it to be true so I’ll convince myself that it’s not. Examples are everywhere from the denial that a partner is cheating despite all the signs to the reflex-action rejection of any idea that world events in which country a er country act in exactly the same way are centrally coordinated. To accept the la er is to accept that a force of unspeakable evil is working to destroy your life and the lives of your children with nothing too horrific to achieve that end. Who the heck wants that to be true? But if we don’t face reality the end is duly achieved and the consequences are far worse and ongoing than breaking through the walls of denial today with the courage to make a stand against tyranny.

Connect the dots – but how? A crucial aspect of perceptual programming is to portray a world in which everything is random and almost nothing is connected to anything else. Randomness cannot be coordinated by its very nature and once you perceive events as random the idea they could be connected is waved away as the rantings of the tinfoil-hat brigade. You can’t plan and coordinate random you idiot! No, you can’t, but you can hide the coldly-calculated and long-planned behind the illusion of randomness. A foundation manifestation of the Renegade Mind is to scan reality for pa erns that connect the apparently random and turn pixels and dots into pictures. This is the way I work and have done so for more than 30 years. You look for similarities in people, modus operandi and desired outcomes and slowly, then ever quicker, the picture forms. For instance: There would seem to be no connection between the ‘Covid pandemic’ hoax and the human-caused global-warming hoax and yet they are masks (appropriately) on the same face seeking the same outcome. Those pushing the global warming myth through the Club of Rome and other Cult agencies are driving the lies about ‘Covid’ – Bill Gates is an obvious one, but they are endless. Why would the same people be involved in both when they are clearly not connected? Oh, but they

are. Common themes with personnel are matched by common goals. The ‘solutions’ to both ‘problems’ are centralisation of global power to impose the will of the few on the many to ‘save’ humanity from ‘Covid’ and save the planet from an ‘existential threat’ (we need ‘zero Covid’ and ‘zero carbon emissions’). These, in turn, connect with the ‘dot’ of globalisation which was coined to describe the centralisation of global power in every area of life through incessant political and corporate expansion, trading blocks and superstates like the European Union. If you are the few and you want to control the many you have to centralise power and decision-making. The more you centralise power the more power the few at the centre will have over the many; and the more that power is centralised the more power those at the centre have to centralise even quicker. The momentum of centralisation gets faster and faster which is exactly the process we have witnessed. In this way the hoaxed ‘pandemic’ and the fakery of human-caused global warming serve the interests of globalisation and the seizure of global power in the hands of the Cult inner-circle which is behind ‘Covid’, ‘climate change’ and globalisation. At this point random ‘dots’ become a clear and obvious picture or pa ern. Klaus Schwab, the classic Bond villain who founded the Cult’s Gates-funded World Economic Forum, published a book in 2020, The Great Reset, in which he used the ‘problem’ of ‘Covid’ to justify a total transformation of human society to ‘save’ humanity from ‘climate change’. Schwab said: ‘The pandemic represents a rare but narrow window of opportunity to reflect, reimagine, and reset our world.’ What he didn’t mention is that the Cult he serves is behind both hoaxes as I show in my book The Answer. He and the Cult don’t have to reimagine the world. They know precisely what they want and that’s why they destroyed human society with ‘Covid’ to ‘build back be er’ in their grand design. Their job is not to imagine, but to get humanity to imagine and agree with their plans while believing it’s all random. It must be pure coincidence that ‘The Great Reset’ has long been the Cult’s code name for the global imposition of fascism and replaced previous code-names of the ‘New World

Order’ used by Cult frontmen like Father George Bush and the ‘New Order of the Ages’ which emerged from Freemasonry and much older secret societies. New Order of the Ages appears on the reverse of the Great Seal of the United States as ‘Novus ordo seclorum’ underneath the Cult symbol used since way back of the pyramid and all seeing-eye (Fig 3). The pyramid is the hierarchy of human control headed by the illuminated eye that symbolises the force behind the Cult which I will expose in later chapters. The term ‘Annuit Coeptis’ translates as ‘He favours our undertaking’. We are told the ‘He’ is the Christian god, but ‘He’ is not as I will be explaining.

Figure 3: The all-seeing eye of the Cult ‘god’ on the Freemason-designed Great Seal of the United States and also on the dollar bill.

Having you on Two major Cult techniques of perceptual manipulation that relate to all this are what I have called since the 1990s Problem-ReactionSolution (PRS) and the Totalitarian Tiptoe (TT). They can be uncovered by the inquiring mind with a simple question: Who benefits? The answer usually identifies the perpetrators of a given action or happening through the concept of ‘he who most benefits from a crime is the one most likely to have commi ed it’. The Latin ‘Cue bono?’ – Who benefits? – is widely a ributed to the Roman orator and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero. No wonder it goes back so far when the concept has been relevant to human behaviour since

history was recorded. Problem-Reaction-Solution is the technique used to manipulate us every day by covertly creating a problem (or the illusion of one) and offering the solution to the problem (or the illusion of one). In the first phase you create the problem and blame someone or something else for why it has happened. This may relate to a financial collapse, terrorist a ack, war, global warming or pandemic, anything in fact that will allow you to impose the ‘solution’ to change society in the way you desire at that time. The ‘problem’ doesn’t have to be real. PRS is manipulation of perception and all you need is the population to believe the problem is real. Human-caused global warming and the ‘Covid pandemic’ only have to be perceived to be real for the population to accept the ‘solutions’ of authority. I refer to this technique as NO-Problem-Reaction-Solution. Billions did not meekly accept house arrest from early 2020 because there was a real deadly ‘Covid pandemic’ but because they perceived – believed – that to be the case. The antidote to ProblemReaction-Solution is to ask who benefits from the proposed solution. Invariably it will be anyone who wants to justify more control through deletion of freedom and centralisation of power and decision-making. The two world wars were Problem-Reaction-Solutions that transformed and realigned global society. Both were manipulated into being by the Cult as I have detailed in books since the mid1990s. They dramatically centralised global power, especially World War Two, which led to the United Nations and other global bodies thanks to the overt and covert manipulations of the Rockefeller family and other Cult bloodlines like the Rothschilds. The UN is a stalking horse for full-blown world government that I will come to shortly. The land on which the UN building stands in New York was donated by the Rockefellers and the same Cult family was behind Big Pharma scalpel and drug ‘medicine’ and the creation of the World Health Organization as part of the UN. They have been stalwarts of the eugenics movement and funded Hitler’s race-purity expert’ Ernst Rudin. The human-caused global warming hoax has been orchestrated by the Club of Rome through the UN which is

manufacturing both the ‘problem’ through its Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and imposing the ‘solution’ through its Agenda 21 and Agenda 2030 which demand the total centralisation of global power to ‘save the world’ from a climate hoax the United Nations is itself perpetrating. What a small world the Cult can be seen to be particularly among the inner circles. The bedfellow of Problem-Reaction-Solution is the Totalitarian Tiptoe which became the Totalitarian Sprint in 2020. The technique is fashioned to hide the carefully-coordinated behind the cover of apparently random events. You start the sequence at ‘A’ and you know you are heading for ‘Z’. You don’t want people to know that and each step on the journey is presented as a random happening while all the steps strung together lead in the same direction. The speed may have quickened dramatically in recent times, but you can still see the incremental approach of the Tiptoe in the case of ‘Covid’ as each new imposition takes us deeper into fascism. Tell people they have to do this or that to get back to ‘normal’, then this and this and this. With each new demand adding to the ones that went before the population’s freedom is deleted until it disappears. The spider wraps its web around the flies more comprehensively with each new diktat. I’ll highlight this in more detail when I get to the ‘Covid’ hoax and how it has been pulled off. Another prime example of the Totalitarian Tiptoe is how the Cult-created European Union went from a ‘freetrade zone’ to a centralised bureaucratic dictatorship through the Tiptoe of incremental centralisation of power until nations became mere administrative units for Cult-owned dark suits in Brussels. The antidote to ignorance is knowledge which the Cult seeks vehemently to deny us, but despite the systematic censorship to that end the Renegade Mind can overcome this by vociferously seeking out the facts no ma er the impediments put in the way. There is also a method of thinking and perceiving – knowing – that doesn’t even need names, dates, place-type facts to identify the pa erns that reveal the story. I’ll get to that in the final chapter. All you need to know about the manipulation of human society and to what end is still out there – at the time of writing – in the form of books, videos

and websites for those that really want to breach the walls of programmed perception. To access this knowledge requires the abandonment of the mainstream media as a source of information in the awareness that this is owned and controlled by the Cult and therefore promotes mass perceptions that suit the Cult. Mainstream media lies all day, every day. That is its function and very reason for being. Where it does tell the truth, here and there, is only because the truth and the Cult agenda very occasionally coincide. If you look for fact and insight to the BBC, CNN and virtually all the rest of them you are asking to be conned and perceptually programmed.

Know the outcome and you’ll see the journey Events seem random when you have no idea where the world is being taken. Once you do the random becomes the carefully planned. Know the outcome and you’ll see the journey is a phrase I have been using for a long time to give context to daily happenings that appear unconnected. Does a problem, or illusion of a problem, trigger a proposed ‘solution’ that further drives society in the direction of the outcome? Invariably the answer will be yes and the random – abracadabra – becomes the clearly coordinated. So what is this outcome that unlocks the door to a massively expanded understanding of daily events? I will summarise its major aspects – the fine detail is in my other books – and those new to this information will see that the world they thought they were living in is a very different place. The foundation of the Cult agenda is the incessant centralisation of power and all such centralisation is ultimately in pursuit of Cult control on a global level. I have described for a long time the planned world structure of top-down dictatorship as the Hunger Games Society. The term obviously comes from the movie series which portrayed a world in which a few living in military-protected hi-tech luxury were the overlords of a population condemned to abject poverty in isolated ‘sectors’ that were not allowed to interact. ‘Covid’ lockdowns and travel bans anyone? The ‘Hunger Games’ pyramid of structural control has the inner circle of the Cult at the top with pre y much the entire

population at the bo om under their control through dependency for survival on the Cult. The whole structure is planned to be protected and enforced by a military-police state (Fig 4). Here you have the reason for the global lockdowns of the fake pandemic to coldly destroy independent incomes and livelihoods and make everyone dependent on the ‘state’ (the Cult that controls the ‘states’). I have warned in my books for many years about the plan to introduce a ‘guaranteed income’ – a barely survivable pi ance – designed to impose dependency when employment was destroyed by AI technology and now even more comprehensively at great speed by the ‘Covid’ scam. Once the pandemic was played and lockdown consequences began to delete independent income the authorities began to talk right on cue about the need for a guaranteed income and a ‘Great Reset’. Guaranteed income will be presented as benevolent governments seeking to help a desperate people – desperate as a direct result of actions of the same governments. The truth is that such payments are a trap. You will only get them if you do exactly what the authorities demand including mass vaccination (genetic manipulation). We have seen this theme already in Australia where those dependent on government benefits have them reduced if parents don’t agree to have their children vaccinated according to an insane healthdestroying government-dictated schedule. Calculated economic collapse applies to governments as well as people. The Cult wants rid of countries through the creation of a world state with countries broken up into regions ruled by a world government and super states like the European Union. Countries must be bankrupted, too, to this end and it’s being achieved by the trillions in ‘rescue packages’ and furlough payments, trillions in lost taxation, and money-no-object spending on ‘Covid’ including constant allmedium advertising (programming) which has made the media dependent on government for much of its income. The day of reckoning is coming – as planned – for government spending and given that it has been made possible by printing money and not by production/taxation there is inflation on the way that has the

potential to wipe out monetary value. In that case there will be no need for the Cult to steal your money. It just won’t be worth anything (see the German Weimar Republic before the Nazis took over). Many have been okay with lockdowns while ge ing a percentage of their income from so-called furlough payments without having to work. Those payments are dependent, however, on people having at least a theoretical job with a business considered non-essential and ordered to close. As these business go under because they are closed by lockdown a er lockdown the furlough stops and it will for everyone eventually. Then what? The ‘then what?’ is precisely the idea.

Figure 4: The Hunger Games Society structure I have long warned was planned and now the ‘Covid’ hoax has made it possible. This is the real reason for lockdowns.

Hired hands Between the Hunger Games Cult elite and the dependent population is planned to be a vicious military-police state (a fusion of the two into one force). This has been in the making for a long time with police looking ever more like the military and carrying weapons to match. The pandemic scam has seen this process accelerate so fast as

lockdown house arrest is brutally enforced by carefully recruited fascist minds and gormless system-servers. The police and military are planned to merge into a centrally-directed world army in a global structure headed by a world government which wouldn’t be elected even by the election fixes now in place. The world army is not planned even to be human and instead wars would be fought, primarily against the population, using robot technology controlled by artificial intelligence. I have been warning about this for decades and now militaries around the world are being transformed by this very AI technology. The global regime that I describe is a particular form of fascism known as a technocracy in which decisions are not made by clueless and co-opted politicians but by unelected technocrats – scientists, engineers, technologists and bureaucrats. Cult-owned-and-controlled Silicon Valley giants are examples of technocracy and they already have far more power to direct world events than governments. They are with their censorship selecting governments. I know that some are calling the ‘Great Reset’ a Marxist communist takeover, but fascism and Marxism are different labels for the same tyranny. Tell those who lived in fascist Germany and Stalinist Russia that there was a difference in the way their freedom was deleted and their lives controlled. I could call it a fascist technocracy or a Marxist technocracy and they would be equally accurate. The Hunger Games society with its world government structure would oversee a world army, world central bank and single world cashless currency imposing its will on a microchipped population (Fig 5). Scan its different elements and see how the illusory pandemic is forcing society in this very direction at great speed. Leaders of 23 countries and the World Health Organization (WHO) backed the idea in March, 2021, of a global treaty for ‘international cooperation’ in ‘health emergencies’ and nations should ‘come together as a global community for peaceful cooperation that extends beyond this crisis’. Cut the Orwellian bullshit and this means another step towards global government. The plan includes a cashless digital money system that I first warned about in 1993. Right at the start of ‘Covid’ the deeply corrupt Tedros

Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the crooked and merely gofer ‘head’ of the World Health Organization, said it was possible to catch the ‘virus’ by touching cash and it was be er to use cashless means. The claim was ridiculous nonsense and like the whole ‘Covid’ mind-trick it was nothing to do with ‘health’ and everything to do with pushing every aspect of the Cult agenda. As a result of the Tedros lie the use of cash has plummeted. The Cult script involves a single world digital currency that would eventually be technologically embedded in the body. China is a massive global centre for the Cult and if you watch what is happening there you will know what is planned for everywhere. The Chinese government is developing a digital currency which would allow fines to be deducted immediately via AI for anyone caught on camera breaking its fantastic list of laws and the money is going to be programmable with an expiry date to ensure that no one can accrue wealth except the Cult and its operatives.

Figure 5: The structure of global control the Cult has been working towards for so long and this has been enormously advanced by the ‘Covid’ illusion.

Serfdom is so smart The Cult plan is far wider, extreme, and more comprehensive than even most conspiracy researchers appreciate and I will come to the true depths of deceit and control in the chapters ‘Who controls the

Cult?’ and ‘Escaping Wetiko’. Even the world that we know is crazy enough. We are being deluged with ever more sophisticated and controlling technology under the heading of ‘smart’. We have smart televisions, smart meters, smart cards, smart cars, smart driving, smart roads, smart pills, smart patches, smart watches, smart skin, smart borders, smart pavements, smart streets, smart cities, smart communities, smart environments, smart growth, smart planet ... smart everything around us. Smart technologies and methods of operation are designed to interlock to create a global Smart Grid connecting the entirety of human society including human minds to create a centrally-dictated ‘hive’ mind. ‘Smart cities’ is code for densely-occupied megacities of total surveillance and control through AI. Ever more destructive frequency communication systems like 5G have been rolled out without any official testing for health and psychological effects (colossal). 5G/6G/7G systems are needed to run the Smart Grid and each one becomes more destructive of body and mind. Deleting independent income is crucial to forcing people into these AI-policed prisons by ending private property ownership (except for the Cult elite). The Cult’s Great Reset now openly foresees a global society in which no one will own any possessions and everything will be rented while the Cult would own literally everything under the guise of government and corporations. The aim has been to use the lockdowns to destroy sources of income on a mass scale and when the people are destitute and in unrepayable amounts of debt (problem) Cult assets come forward with the pledge to write-off debt in return for handing over all property and possessions (solution). Everything – literally everything including people – would be connected to the Internet via AI. I was warning years ago about the coming Internet of Things (IoT) in which all devices and technology from your car to your fridge would be plugged into the Internet and controlled by AI. Now we are already there with much more to come. The next stage is the Internet of Everything (IoE) which is planned to include the connection of AI to the human brain and body to replace the human mind with a centrally-controlled AI mind. Instead of perceptions

being manipulated through control of information and censorship those perceptions would come direct from the Cult through AI. What do you think? You think whatever AI decides that you think. In human terms there would be no individual ‘think’ any longer. Too incredible? The ravings of a lunatic? Not at all. Cult-owned crazies in Silicon Valley have been telling us the plan for years without explaining the real motivation and calculated implications. These include Google executive and ‘futurist’ Ray Kurzweil who highlights the year 2030 for when this would be underway. He said: Our thinking ... will be a hybrid of biological and non-biological thinking ... humans will be able to extend their limitations and ‘think in the cloud’ ... We’re going to put gateways to the cloud in our brains ... We’re going to gradually merge and enhance ourselves ... In my view, that’s the nature of being human – we transcend our limitations. As the technology becomes vastly superior to what we are then the small proportion that is still human gets smaller and smaller and smaller until it’s just utterly negligible.

The sales-pitch of Kurzweil and Cult-owned Silicon Valley is that this would make us ‘super-human’ when the real aim is to make us post-human and no longer ‘human’ in the sense that we have come to know. The entire global population would be connected to AI and become the centrally-controlled ‘hive-mind’ of externally-delivered perceptions. The Smart Grid being installed to impose the Cult’s will on the world is being constructed to allow particular locations – even one location – to control the whole global system. From these prime control centres, which absolutely include China and Israel, anything connected to the Internet would be switched on or off and manipulated at will. Energy systems could be cut, communication via the Internet taken down, computer-controlled driverless autonomous vehicles driven off the road, medical devices switched off, the potential is limitless given how much AI and Internet connections now run human society. We have seen nothing yet if we allow this to continue. Autonomous vehicle makers are working with law enforcement to produce cars designed to automatically pull over if they detect a police or emergency vehicle flashing from up to 100 feet away. At a police stop the car would be unlocked and the

window rolled down automatically. Vehicles would only take you where the computer (the state) allowed. The end of petrol vehicles and speed limiters on all new cars in the UK and EU from 2022 are steps leading to electric computerised transport over which ultimately you have no control. The picture is far bigger even than the Cult global network or web and that will become clear when I get to the nature of the ‘spider’. There is a connection between all these happenings and the instigation of DNA-manipulating ‘vaccines’ (which aren’t ‘vaccines’) justified by the ‘Covid’ hoax. That connection is the unfolding plan to transform the human body from a biological to a synthetic biological state and this is why synthetic biology is such a fast-emerging discipline of mainstream science. ‘Covid vaccines’ are infusing self-replicating synthetic genetic material into the cells to cumulatively take us on the Totalitarian Tiptoe from Human 1.0 to the synthetic biological Human 2.0 which will be physically and perceptually a ached to the Smart Grid to one hundred percent control every thought, perception and deed. Humanity needs to wake up and fast. This is the barest explanation of where the ‘outcome’ is planned to go but it’s enough to see the journey happening all around us. Those new to this information will already see ‘Covid’ in a whole new context. I will add much more detail as we go along, but for the minutiae evidence see my mega-works, The Answer, The Trigger and Everything You Need to Know But Have Never Been Told. Now – how does a Renegade Mind see the ‘world’?

CHAPTER TWO Renegade Perception It is one thing to be clever and another to be wise George R.R. Martin

A

simple definition of the difference between a programmed mind and a Renegade Mind would be that one sees only dots while the other connects them to see the picture. Reading reality with accuracy requires the observer to (a) know the planned outcome and (b) realise that everything, but everything, is connected. The entirety of infinite reality is connected – that’s its very nature – and with human society an expression of infinite reality the same must apply. Simple cause and effect is a connection. The effect is triggered by the cause and the effect then becomes the cause of another effect. Nothing happens in isolation because it can’t. Life in whatever reality is simple choice and consequence. We make choices and these lead to consequences. If we don’t like the consequences we can make different choices and get different consequences which lead to other choices and consequences. The choice and the consequence are not only connected they are indivisible. You can’t have one without the other as an old song goes. A few cannot control the world unless those being controlled allow that to happen – cause and effect, choice and consequence. Control – who has it and who doesn’t – is a two-way process, a symbiotic relationship, involving the controller and controlled. ‘They took my freedom away!!’ Well, yes, but you also gave it to them. Humanity is

subjected to mass control because humanity has acquiesced to that control. This is all cause and effect and literally a case of give and take. In the same way world events of every kind are connected and the Cult works incessantly to sell the illusion of the random and coincidental to maintain the essential (to them) perception of dots that hide the picture. Renegade Minds know this and constantly scan the world for pa erns of connection. This is absolutely pivotal in understanding the happenings in the world and without that perspective clarity is impossible. First you know the planned outcome and then you identify the steps on the journey – the day-byday apparently random which, when connected in relation to the outcome, no longer appear as individual events, but as the proverbial chain of events leading in the same direction. I’ll give you some examples:

Political puppet show We are told to believe that politics is ‘adversarial’ in that different parties with different beliefs engage in an endless tussle for power. There may have been some truth in that up to a point – and only a point – but today divisions between ‘different’ parties are rhetorical not ideological. Even the rhetorical is fusing into one-speak as the parties eject any remaining free thinkers while others succumb to the ever-gathering intimidation of anyone with the ‘wrong’ opinion. The Cult is not a new phenomenon and can be traced back thousands of years as my books have documented. Its intergenerational initiates have been manipulating events with increasing effect the more that global power has been centralised. In ancient times the Cult secured control through the system of monarchy in which ‘special’ bloodlines (of which more later) demanded the right to rule as kings and queens simply by birthright and by vanquishing others who claimed the same birthright. There came a time, however, when people had matured enough to see the unfairness of such tyranny and demanded a say in who governed them. Note the word – governed them. Not served them – governed them, hence government defined as ‘the political direction and control exercised over the

actions of the members, citizens, or inhabitants of communities, societies, and states; direction of the affairs of a state, community, etc.’ Governments exercise control over rather than serve just like the monarchies before them. Bizarrely there are still countries like the United Kingdom which are ruled by a monarch and a government that officially answers to the monarch. The UK head of state and that of Commonwealth countries such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand is ‘selected’ by who in a single family had unprotected sex with whom and in what order. Pinch me it can’t be true. Ouch! Shit, it is. The demise of monarchies in most countries offered a potential vacuum in which some form of free and fair society could arise and the Cult had that base covered. Monarchies had served its interests but they couldn’t continue in the face of such widespread opposition and, anyway, replacing a ‘royal’ dictatorship that people could see with a dictatorship ‘of the people’ hiding behind the concept of ‘democracy’ presented far greater manipulative possibilities and ways of hiding coordinated tyranny behind the illusion of ‘freedom’. Democracy is quite wrongly defined as government selected by the population. This is not the case at all. It is government selected by some of the population (and then only in theory). This ‘some’ doesn’t even have to be the majority as we have seen so o en in firstpast-the-post elections in which the so-called majority party wins fewer votes than the ‘losing’ parties combined. Democracy can give total power to a party in government from a minority of the votes cast. It’s a sleight of hand to sell tyranny as freedom. Seventy-four million Trump-supporting Americans didn’t vote for the ‘Democratic’ Party of Joe Biden in the distinctly dodgy election in 2020 and yet far from acknowledging the wishes and feelings of that great percentage of American society the Cult-owned Biden government set out from day one to destroy them and their right to a voice and opinion. Empty shell Biden and his Cult handlers said they were doing this to ‘protect democracy’. Such is the level of lunacy and sickness to which politics has descended. Connect the dots and relate them to the desired outcome – a world government run by self-appointed technocrats and no longer even elected

politicians. While operating through its political agents in government the Cult is at the same time encouraging public distain for politicians by pu ing idiots and incompetents in theoretical power on the road to deleting them. The idea is to instil a public reaction that says of the technocrats: ‘Well, they couldn’t do any worse than the pathetic politicians.’ It’s all about controlling perception and Renegade Minds can see through that while programmed minds cannot when they are ignorant of both the planned outcome and the manipulation techniques employed to secure that end. This knowledge can be learned, however, and fast if people choose to get informed. Politics may at first sight appear very difficult to control from a central point. I mean look at the ‘different’ parties and how would you be able to oversee them all and their constituent parts? In truth, it’s very straightforward because of their structure. We are back to the pyramid of imposition and acquiescence. Organisations are structured in the same way as the system as a whole. Political parties are not open forums of free expression. They are hierarchies. I was a national spokesman for the British Green Party which claimed to be a different kind of politics in which influence and power was devolved; but I can tell you from direct experience – and it’s far worse now – that Green parties are run as hierarchies like all the others however much they may try to hide that fact or kid themselves that it’s not true. A very few at the top of all political parties are directing policy and personnel. They decide if you are elevated in the party or serve as a government minister and to do that you have to be a yes man or woman. Look at all the maverick political thinkers who never ascended the greasy pole. If you want to progress within the party or reach ‘high-office’ you need to fall into line and conform. Exceptions to this are rare indeed. Should you want to run for parliament or Congress you have to persuade the local or state level of the party to select you and for that you need to play the game as dictated by the hierarchy. If you secure election and wish to progress within the greater structure you need to go on conforming to what is acceptable to those running the hierarchy

from the peak of the pyramid. Political parties are perceptual gulags and the very fact that there are party ‘Whips’ appointed to ‘whip’ politicians into voting the way the hierarchy demands exposes the ridiculous idea that politicians are elected to serve the people they are supposed to represent. Cult operatives and manipulation has long seized control of major parties that have any chance of forming a government and at least most of those that haven’t. A new party forms and the Cult goes to work to infiltrate and direct. This has reached such a level today that you see video compilations of ‘leaders’ of all parties whether Democrats, Republicans, Conservative, Labour and Green parroting the same Cult mantra of ‘Build Back Be er’ and the ‘Great Reset’ which are straight off the Cult song-sheet to describe the transformation of global society in response to the Cult-instigated hoaxes of the ‘Covid pandemic’ and human-caused ‘climate change’. To see Caroline Lucas, the Green Party MP that I knew when I was in the party in the 1980s, speaking in support of plans proposed by Cult operative Klaus Schwab representing the billionaire global elite is a real head-shaker.

Many parties – one master The party system is another mind-trick and was instigated to change the nature of the dictatorship by swapping ‘royalty’ for dark suits that people believed – though now ever less so – represented their interests. Understanding this trick is to realise that a single force (the Cult) controls all parties either directly in terms of the major ones or through manipulation of perception and ideology with others. You don’t need to manipulate Green parties to demand your transformation of society in the name of ‘climate change’ when they are obsessed with the lie that this is essential to ‘save the planet’. You just give them a platform and away they go serving your interests while believing they are being environmentally virtuous. America’s political structure is a perfect blueprint for how the two or multiparty system is really a one-party state. The Republican Party is controlled from one step back in the shadows by a group made up of billionaires and their gofers known as neoconservatives or Neocons.

I have exposed them in fine detail in my books and they were the driving force behind the policies of the imbecilic presidency of Boy George Bush which included 9/11 (see The Trigger for a comprehensive demolition of the official story), the subsequent ‘war on terror’ (war of terror) and the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. The la er was a No-Problem-Reaction-Solution based on claims by Cult operatives, including Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair, about Saddam Hussein’s ‘weapons of mass destruction’ which did not exist as war criminals Bush and Blair well knew.

Figure 6: Different front people, different parties – same control system.

The Democratic Party has its own ‘Neocon’ group controlling from the background which I call the ‘Democons’ and here’s the penny-drop – the Neocons and Democons answer to the same masters one step further back into the shadows (Fig 6). At that level of the Cult the Republican and Democrat parties are controlled by the same people and no ma er which is in power the Cult is in power. This is how it works in almost every country and certainly in Britain with Conservative, Labour, Liberal Democrat and Green parties now all on the same page whatever the rhetoric may be in their feeble a empts to appear different. Neocons operated at the time of Bush through a think tank called The Project for the New American Century which in September, 2000, published a document entitled Rebuilding America’s Defenses: Strategies, Forces, and Resources

For a New Century demanding that America fight ‘multiple, simultaneous major theatre wars’ as a ‘core mission’ to force regimechange in countries including Iraq, Libya and Syria. Neocons arranged for Bush (‘Republican’) and Blair (‘Labour Party’) to frontup the invasion of Iraq and when they departed the Democons orchestrated the targeting of Libya and Syria through Barack Obama (‘Democrat’) and British Prime Minister David Cameron (‘Conservative Party’). We have ‘different’ parties and ‘different’ people, but the same unfolding script. The more the Cult has seized the reigns of parties and personnel the more their policies have transparently pursued the same agenda to the point where the fascist ‘Covid’ impositions of the Conservative junta of Jackboot Johnson in Britain were opposed by the Labour Party because they were not fascist enough. The Labour Party is likened to the US Democrats while the Conservative Party is akin to a British version of the Republicans and on both sides of the Atlantic they all speak the same language and support the direction demanded by the Cult although some more enthusiastically than others. It’s a similar story in country a er country because it’s all centrally controlled. Oh, but what about Trump? I’ll come to him shortly. Political ‘choice’ in the ‘party’ system goes like this: You vote for Party A and they get into government. You don’t like what they do so next time you vote for Party B and they get into government. You don’t like what they do when it’s pre y much the same as Party A and why wouldn’t that be with both controlled by the same force? Given that only two, sometimes three, parties have any chance of forming a government to get rid of Party B that you don’t like you have to vote again for Party A which … you don’t like. This, ladies and gentlemen, is what they call ‘democracy’ which we are told – wrongly – is a term interchangeable with ‘freedom’.

The cult of cults At this point I need to introduce a major expression of the Global Cult known as Sabbatian-Frankism. Sabbatian is also spelt as Sabbatean. I will summarise here. I have published major exposés

and detailed background in other works. Sabbatian-Frankism combines the names of two frauds posing as ‘Jewish’ men, Sabbatai Zevi (1626-1676), a rabbi, black magician and occultist who proclaimed he was the Jewish messiah; and Jacob Frank (1726-1791), the Polish ‘Jew’, black magician and occultist who said he was the reincarnation of ‘messiah’ Zevi and biblical patriarch Jacob. They worked across two centuries to establish the Sabbatian-Frankist cult that plays a major, indeed central, role in the manipulation of human society by the Global Cult which has its origins much further back in history than Sabbatai Zevi. I should emphasise two points here in response to the shrill voices that will scream ‘anti-Semitism’: (1) Sabbatian-Frankists are NOT Jewish and only pose as such to hide their cult behind a Jewish façade; and (2) my information about this cult has come from Jewish sources who have long realised that their society and community has been infiltrated and taken over by interloper Sabbatian-Frankists. Infiltration has been the foundation technique of Sabbatian-Frankism from its official origin in the 17th century. Zevi’s Sabbatian sect a racted a massive following described as the biggest messianic movement in Jewish history, spreading as far as Africa and Asia, and he promised a return for the Jews to the ‘Promised Land’ of Israel. Sabbatianism was not Judaism but an inversion of everything that mainstream Judaism stood for. So much so that this sinister cult would have a feast day when Judaism had a fast day and whatever was forbidden in Judaism the Sabbatians were encouraged and even commanded to do. This included incest and what would be today called Satanism. Members were forbidden to marry outside the sect and there was a system of keeping their children ignorant of what they were part of until they were old enough to be trusted not to unknowingly reveal anything to outsiders. The same system is employed to this day by the Global Cult in general which Sabbatian-Frankism has enormously influenced and now largely controls. Zevi and his Sabbatians suffered a setback with the intervention by the Sultan of the Islamic O oman Empire in the Middle East and what is now the Republic of Turkey where Zevi was located. The

Sultan gave him the choice of proving his ‘divinity’, converting to Islam or facing torture and death. Funnily enough Zevi chose to convert or at least appear to. Some of his supporters were disillusioned and dri ed away, but many did not with 300 families also converting – only in theory – to Islam. They continued behind this Islamic smokescreen to follow the goals, rules and rituals of Sabbatianism and became known as ‘crypto-Jews’ or the ‘Dönmeh’ which means ‘to turn’. This is rather ironic because they didn’t ‘turn’ and instead hid behind a fake Islamic persona. The process of appearing to be one thing while being very much another would become the calling card of Sabbatianism especially a er Zevi’s death and the arrival of the Satanist Jacob Frank in the 18th century when the cult became Sabbatian-Frankism and plumbed still new depths of depravity and infiltration which included – still includes – human sacrifice and sex with children. Wherever Sabbatians go paedophilia and Satanism follow and is it really a surprise that Hollywood is so infested with child abuse and Satanism when it was established by Sabbatian-Frankists and is still controlled by them? Hollywood has been one of the prime vehicles for global perceptual programming and manipulation. How many believe the version of ‘history’ portrayed in movies when it is a travesty and inversion (again) of the truth? Rabbi Marvin Antelman describes Frankism in his book, To Eliminate the Opiate, as ‘a movement of complete evil’ while Jewish professor Gershom Scholem said of Frank in The Messianic Idea in Judaism: ‘In all his actions [he was] a truly corrupt and degenerate individual ... one of the most frightening phenomena in the whole of Jewish history.’ Frank was excommunicated by traditional rabbis, as was Zevi, but Frank was undeterred and enjoyed vital support from the House of Rothschild, the infamous banking dynasty whose inner-core are Sabbatian-Frankists and not Jews. Infiltration of the Roman Church and Vatican was instigated by Frank with many Dönmeh ‘turning’ again to convert to Roman Catholicism with a view to hijacking the reins of power. This was the ever-repeating modus operandi and continues to be so. Pose as an advocate of the religion, culture or country that you want to control and then

manipulate your people into the positions of authority and influence largely as advisers, administrators and Svengalis for those that appear to be in power. They did this with Judaism, Christianity (Christian Zionism is part of this), Islam and other religions and nations until Sabbatian-Frankism spanned the world as it does today.

Sabbatian Saudis and the terror network One expression of the Sabbatian-Frankist Dönmeh within Islam is the ruling family of Saudi Arabia, the House of Saud, through which came the vile distortion of Islam known as Wahhabism. This is the violent creed followed by terrorist groups like Al-Qaeda and ISIS or Islamic State. Wahhabism is the hand-chopping, head-chopping ‘religion’ of Saudi Arabia which is used to keep the people in a constant state of fear so the interloper House of Saud can continue to rule. Al-Qaeda and Islamic State were lavishly funded by the House of Saud while being created and directed by the Sabbatian-Frankist network in the United States that operates through the Pentagon, CIA and the government in general of whichever ‘party’. The front man for the establishment of Wahhabism in the middle of the 18th century was a Sabbatian-Frankist ‘crypto-Jew’ posing as Islamic called Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. His daughter would marry the son of Muhammad bin Saud who established the first Saudi state before his death in 1765 with support from the British Empire. Bin Saud’s successors would establish modern Saudi Arabia in league with the British and Americans in 1932 which allowed them to seize control of Islam’s major shrines in Mecca and Medina. They have dictated the direction of Sunni Islam ever since while Iran is the major centre of the Shiite version and here we have the source of at least the public conflict between them. The Sabbatian network has used its Wahhabi extremists to carry out Problem-Reaction-Solution terrorist a acks in the name of ‘Al-Qaeda’ and ‘Islamic State’ to justify a devastating ‘war on terror’, ever-increasing surveillance of the population and to terrify people into compliance. Another insight of the Renegade Mind is the streetwise understanding that

just because a country, location or people are a acked doesn’t mean that those apparently representing that country, location or people are not behind the a ackers. O en they are orchestrating the a acks because of the societal changes that can be then justified in the name of ‘saving the population from terrorists’. I show in great detail in The Trigger how Sabbatian-Frankists were the real perpetrators of 9/11 and not ‘19 Arab hijackers’ who were blamed for what happened. Observe what was justified in the name of 9/11 alone in terms of Middle East invasions, mass surveillance and control that fulfilled the demands of the Project for the New American Century document published by the Sabbatian Neocons. What appear to be enemies are on the deep inside players on the same Sabbatian team. Israel and Arab ‘royal’ dictatorships are all ruled by Sabbatians and the recent peace agreements between Israel and Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and others are only making formal what has always been the case behind the scenes. Palestinians who have been subjected to grotesque tyranny since Israel was bombed and terrorised into existence in 1948 have never stood a chance. Sabbatian-Frankists have controlled Israel (so the constant theme of violence and war which Sabbatians love) and they have controlled the Arab countries that Palestinians have looked to for real support that never comes. ‘Royal families’ of the Arab world in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, UAE, etc., are all Sabbatians with allegiance to the aims of the cult and not what is best for their Arabic populations. They have stolen the oil and financial resources from their people by false claims to be ‘royal dynasties’ with a genetic right to rule and by employing vicious militaries to impose their will.

Satanic ‘illumination’ The Satanist Jacob Frank formed an alliance in 1773 with two other Sabbatians, Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1744-1812), founder of the Rothschild banking dynasty, and Jesuit-educated fraudulent Jew, Adam Weishaupt, and this led to the formation of the Bavarian Illuminati, firstly under another name, in 1776. The Illuminati would

be the manipulating force behind the French Revolution (1789-1799) and was also involved in the American Revolution (1775-1783) before and a er the Illuminati’s official creation. Weishaupt would later become (in public) a Protestant Christian in archetypal Sabbatian style. I read that his name can be decoded as Adam-Weishaupt or ‘the first man to lead those who know’. He wasn’t a leader in the sense that he was a subordinate, but he did lead those below him in a crusade of transforming human society that still continues today. The theme was confirmed as early as 1785 when a horseman courier called Lanz was reported to be struck by lighting and extensive Illuminati documents were found in his saddlebags. They made the link to Weishaupt and detailed the plan for world takeover. Current events with ‘Covid’ fascism have been in the making for a very long time. Jacob Frank was jailed for 13 years by the Catholic Inquisition a er his arrest in 1760 and on his release he headed for Frankfurt, Germany, home city and headquarters of the House of Rothschild where the alliance was struck with Mayer Amschel Rothschild and Weishaupt. Rothschild arranged for Frank to be given the title of Baron and he became a wealthy nobleman with a big following of Jews in Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and other European countries. Most of them would have believed he was on their side. The name ‘Illuminati’ came from the Zohar which is a body of works in the Jewish mystical ‘bible’ called the Kabbalah. ‘Zohar’ is the foundation of Sabbatian-Frankist belief and in Hebrew ‘Zohar’ means ‘splendour’, ‘radiance’, ‘illuminated’, and so we have ‘Illuminati’. They claim to be the ‘Illuminated Ones’ from their knowledge systematically hidden from the human population and passed on through generations of carefully-chosen initiates in the global secret society network or Cult. Hidden knowledge includes an awareness of the Cult agenda for the world and the nature of our collective reality that I will explore later. Cult ‘illumination’ is symbolised by the torch held by the Statue of Liberty which was gi ed to New York by French Freemasons in Paris who knew exactly what it represents. ‘Liberty’ symbolises the goddess worshipped in

Babylon as Queen Semiramis or Ishtar. The significance of this will become clear. Notice again the ubiquitous theme of inversion with the Statue of ‘Liberty’ really symbolising mass control (Fig 7). A mirror-image statute stands on an island in the River Seine in Paris from where New York Liberty originated (Fig 8). A large replica of the Liberty flame stands on top of the Pont de l’Alma tunnel in Paris where Princess Diana died in a Cult ritual described in The Biggest Secret. Lucifer ‘the light bringer’ is related to all this (and much more as we’ll see) and ‘Lucifer’ is a central figure in Sabbatian-Frankism and its associated Satanism. Sabbatians reject the Jewish Torah, or Pentateuch, the ‘five books of Moses’ in the Old Testament known as Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy which are claimed by Judaism and Christianity to have been dictated by ‘God’ to Moses on Mount Sinai. Sabbatians say these do not apply to them and they seek to replace them with the Zohar to absorb Judaism and its followers into their inversion which is an expression of a much greater global inversion. They want to delete all religions and force humanity to worship a one-world religion – Sabbatian Satanism that also includes worship of the Earth goddess. Satanic themes are being more and more introduced into mainstream society and while Christianity is currently the foremost target for destruction the others are planned to follow.

Figure 7: The Cult goddess of Babylon disguised as the Statue of Liberty holding the flame of Lucifer the ‘light bringer’.

Figure 8: Liberty’s mirror image in Paris where the New York version originated.

Marx brothers Rabbi Marvin Antelman connects the Illuminati to the Jacobins in To Eliminate the Opiate and Jacobins were the force behind the French Revolution. He links both to the Bund der Gerechten, or League of the Just, which was the network that inflicted communism/Marxism on the world. Antelman wrote: The original inner circle of the Bund der Gerechten consisted of born Catholics, Protestants and Jews [Sabbatian-Frankist infiltrators], and those representatives of respective subdivisions formulated schemes for the ultimate destruction of their faiths. The heretical Catholics laid plans which they felt would take a century or more for the ultimate destruction of the church; the apostate Jews for the ultimate destruction of the Jewish religion.

Sabbatian-created communism connects into this anti-religion agenda in that communism does not allow for the free practice of religion. The Sabbatian ‘Bund’ became the International Communist Party and Communist League and in 1848 ‘Marxism’ was born with the Communist Manifesto of Sabbatian assets Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It is absolutely no coincidence that Marxism, just a different name for fascist and other centrally-controlled tyrannies, is being imposed worldwide as a result of the ‘Covid’ hoax and nor that Marxist/fascist China was the place where the hoax originated. The reason for this will become very clear in the chapter ‘Covid: The calculated catastrophe’. The so-called ‘Woke’ mentality has hijacked

traditional beliefs of the political le and replaced them with farright make-believe ‘social justice’ be er known as Marxism. Woke will, however, be swallowed by its own perceived ‘revolution’ which is really the work of billionaires and billionaire corporations feigning being ‘Woke’. Marxism is being touted by Wokers as a replacement for ‘capitalism’ when we don’t have ‘capitalism’. We have cartelism in which the market is stitched up by the very Cult billionaires and corporations bankrolling Woke. Billionaires love Marxism which keeps the people in servitude while they control from the top. Terminally naïve Wokers think they are ‘changing the world’ when it’s the Cult that is doing the changing and when they have played their vital part and become surplus to requirements they, too, will be targeted. The Illuminati-Jacobins were behind the period known as ‘The Terror’ in the French Revolution in 1793 and 1794 when Jacobin Maximillian de Robespierre and his Orwellian ‘Commi ee of Public Safety’ killed 17,000 ‘enemies of the Revolution’ who had once been ‘friends of the Revolution’. Karl Marx (1818-1883), whose Sabbatian creed of Marxism has cost the lives of at least 100 million people, is a hero once again to Wokers who have been systematically kept ignorant of real history by their ‘education’ programming. As a result they now promote a Sabbatian ‘Marxist’ abomination destined at some point to consume them. Rabbi Antelman, who spent decades researching the Sabbatian plot, said of the League of the Just and Karl Marx: Contrary to popular opinion Karl Marx did not originate the Communist Manifesto. He was paid for his services by the League of the Just, which was known in its country of origin, Germany, as the Bund der Geaechteten.

Antelman said the text a ributed to Marx was the work of other people and Marx ‘was only repeating what others already said’. Marx was ‘a hired hack – lackey of the wealthy Illuminists’. Marx famously said that religion was the ‘opium of the people’ (part of the Sabbatian plan to demonise religion) and Antelman called his books, To Eliminate the Opiate. Marx was born Jewish, but his family converted to Christianity (Sabbatian modus operandi) and he

a acked Jews, not least in his book, A World Without Jews. In doing so he supported the Sabbatian plan to destroy traditional Jewishness and Judaism which we are clearly seeing today with the vindictive targeting of orthodox Jews by the Sabbatian government of Israel over ‘Covid’ laws. I don’t follow any religion and it has done much damage to the world over centuries and acted as a perceptual straightjacket. Renegade Minds, however, are always asking why something is being done. It doesn’t ma er if they agree or disagree with what is happening – why is it happening is the question. The ‘why?’ can be answered with regard to religion in that religions create interacting communities of believers when the Cult wants to dismantle all discourse, unity and interaction (see ‘Covid’ lockdowns) and the ultimate goal is to delete all religions for a oneworld religion of Cult Satanism worshipping their ‘god’ of which more later. We see the same ‘why?’ with gun control in America. I don’t have guns and don’t want them, but why is the Cult seeking to disarm the population at the same time that law enforcement agencies are armed to their molars and why has every tyrant in history sought to disarm people before launching the final takeover? They include Hitler, Stalin, Pol Pot and Mao who followed confiscation with violent seizing of power. You know it’s a Cult agenda by the people who immediately race to the microphones to exploit dead people in multiple shootings. Ultra-Zionist Cult lackey Senator Chuck Schumer was straight on the case a er ten people were killed in Boulder, Colorado in March, 2121. Simple rule … if Schumer wants it the Cult wants it and the same with his ultraZionist mate the wild-eyed Senator Adam Schiff. At the same time they were calling for the disarmament of Americans, many of whom live a long way from a police response, Schumer, Schiff and the rest of these pampered clowns were si ing on Capitol Hill behind a razor-wired security fence protected by thousands of armed troops in addition to their own armed bodyguards. Mom and pop in an isolated home? They’re just potential mass shooters.

Zion Mainframe

Sabbatian-Frankists and most importantly the Rothschilds were behind the creation of ‘Zionism’, a political movement that demanded a Jewish homeland in Israel as promised by Sabbatai Zevi. The very symbol of Israel comes from the German meaning of the name Rothschild. Dynasty founder Mayer Amschel Rothschild changed the family name from Bauer to Rothschild, or ‘Red-Shield’ in German, in deference to the six-pointed ‘Star of David’ hexagram displayed on the family’s home in Frankfurt. The symbol later appeared on the flag of Israel a er the Rothschilds were centrally involved in its creation. Hexagrams are not a uniquely Jewish symbol and are widely used in occult (‘hidden’) networks o en as a symbol for Saturn (see my other books for why). Neither are Zionism and Jewishness interchangeable. Zionism is a political movement and philosophy and not a ‘race’ or a people. Many Jews oppose Zionism and many non-Jews, including US President Joe Biden, call themselves Zionists as does Israel-centric Donald Trump. America’s support for the Israel government is pre y much a gimme with ultra-Zionist billionaires and corporations providing fantastic and dominant funding for both political parties. Former Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney has told how she was approached immediately she ran for office to ‘sign the pledge’ to Israel and confirm that she would always vote in that country’s best interests. All American politicians are approached in this way. Anyone who refuses will get no support or funding from the enormous and all-powerful Zionist lobby that includes organisations like mega-lobby group AIPAC, the American Israel Public Affairs Commi ee. Trump’s biggest funder was ultra-Zionist casino and media billionaire Sheldon Adelson while major funders of the Democratic Party include ultra-Zionist George Soros and ultraZionist financial and media mogul, Haim Saban. Some may reel back at the suggestion that Soros is an Israel-firster (Sabbatian-controlled Israel-firster), but Renegade Minds watch the actions not the words and everywhere Soros donates his billions the Sabbatian agenda benefits. In the spirit of Sabbatian inversion Soros pledged $1 billion for a new university network to promote ‘liberal values and tackle intolerance’. He made the announcement during his annual speech

at the Cult-owned World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, in January, 2020, a er his ‘harsh criticism’ of ‘authoritarian rulers’ around the world. You can only laugh at such brazen mendacity. How he doesn’t laugh is the mystery. Translated from the Orwellian ‘liberal values and tackle intolerance’ means teaching non-white people to hate white people and for white people to loathe themselves for being born white. The reason for that will become clear.

The ‘Anti-Semitism’ fraud Zionists support the Jewish homeland in the land of Palestine which has been the Sabbatian-Rothschild goal for so long, but not for the benefit of Jews. Sabbatians and their global Anti-Semitism Industry have skewed public and political opinion to equate opposing the violent extremes of Zionism to be a blanket a ack and condemnation of all Jewish people. Sabbatians and their global Anti-Semitism Industry have skewed public and political opinion to equate opposing the violent extremes of Zionism to be a blanket a ack and condemnation of all Jewish people. This is nothing more than a Sabbatian protection racket to stop legitimate investigation and exposure of their agendas and activities. The official definition of ‘anti-Semitism’ has more recently been expanded to include criticism of Zionism – a political movement – and this was done to further stop exposure of Sabbatian infiltrators who created Zionism as we know it today in the 19th century. Renegade Minds will talk about these subjects when they know the shit that will come their way. People must decide if they want to know the truth or just cower in the corner in fear of what others will say. Sabbatians have been trying to label me as ‘anti-Semitic’ since the 1990s as I have uncovered more and more about their background and agendas. Useless, gutless, fraudulent ‘journalists’ then just repeat the smears without question and on the day I was writing this section a pair of unquestioning repeaters called Ben Quinn and Archie Bland (how appropriate) outright called me an ‘anti-Semite’ in the establishment propaganda sheet, the London Guardian, with no supporting evidence. The

Sabbatian Anti-Semitism Industry said so and who are they to question that? They wouldn’t dare. Ironically ‘Semitic’ refers to a group of languages in the Middle East that are almost entirely Arabic. ‘Anti-Semitism’ becomes ‘anti-Arab’ which if the consequences of this misunderstanding were not so grave would be hilarious. Don’t bother telling Quinn and Bland. I don’t want to confuse them, bless ‘em. One reason I am dubbed ‘anti-Semitic’ is that I wrote in the 1990s that Jewish operatives (Sabbatians) were heavily involved in the Russian Revolution when Sabbatians overthrew the Romanov dynasty. This apparently made me ‘antiSemitic’. Oh, really? Here is a section from The Trigger: British journalist Robert Wilton confirmed these themes in his 1920 book The Last Days of the Romanovs when he studied official documents from the Russian government to identify the members of the Bolshevik ruling elite between 1917 and 1919. The Central Committee included 41 Jews among 62 members; the Council of the People’s Commissars had 17 Jews out of 22 members; and 458 of the 556 most important Bolshevik positions between 1918 and 1919 were occupied by Jewish people. Only 17 were Russian. Then there were the 23 Jews among the 36 members of the vicious Cheka Soviet secret police established in 1917 who would soon appear all across the country. Professor Robert Service of Oxford University, an expert on 20th century Russian history, found evidence that [‘Jewish’] Leon Trotsky had sought to make sure that Jews were enrolled in the Red Army and were disproportionately represented in the Soviet civil bureaucracy that included the Cheka which performed mass arrests, imprisonment and executions of ‘enemies of the people’. A US State Department Decimal File (861.00/5339) dated November 13th, 1918, names [Rothschild banking agent in America] Jacob Schiff and a list of ultra-Zionists as funders of the Russian Revolution leading to claims of a ‘Jewish plot’, but the key point missed by all is they were not ‘Jews’ – they were Sabbatian-Frankists.

Britain’s Winston Churchill made the same error by mistake or otherwise. He wrote in a 1920 edition of the Illustrated Sunday Herald that those behind the Russian revolution were part of a ‘worldwide conspiracy for the overthrow of civilisation and for the reconstitution of society on the basis of arrested development, of envious malevolence, and impossible equality’ (see ‘Woke’ today because that has been created by the same network). Churchill said there was no need to exaggerate the part played in the creation of Bolshevism and in the actual bringing about of the Russian

Revolution ‘by these international and for the most part atheistical Jews’ [‘atheistical Jews’ = Sabbatians]. Churchill said it is certainly a very great one and probably outweighs all others: ‘With the notable exception of Lenin, the majority of the leading figures are Jews.’ He went on to describe, knowingly or not, the Sabbatian modus operandi of placing puppet leaders nominally in power while they control from the background: Moreover, the principal inspiration and driving power comes from the Jewish leaders. Thus Tchitcherin, a pure Russian, is eclipsed by his nominal subordinate, Litvinoff, and the influence of Russians like Bukharin or Lunacharski cannot be compared with the power of Trotsky, or of Zinovieff, the Dictator of the Red Citadel (Petrograd), or of Krassin or Radek – all Jews. In the Soviet institutions the predominance of Jews is even more astonishing. And the prominent, if not indeed the principal, part in the system of terrorism applied by the Extraordinary Commissions for Combatting Counter-Revolution has been taken by Jews, and in some notable cases by Jewesses.

What I said about seriously disproportionate involvement in the Russian Revolution by Jewish ‘revolutionaries’ (Sabbatians) is provable fact, but truth is no defence against the Sabbatian AntiSemitism Industry, its repeater parrots like Quinn and Bland, and the now breathtaking network of so-called ‘Woke’ ‘anti-hate’ groups with interlocking leaderships and funding which have the role of discrediting and silencing anyone who gets too close to exposing the Sabbatians. We have seen ‘truth is no defence’ confirmed in legal judgements with the Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission in Canada decreeing this: ‘Truthful statements can be presented in a manner that would meet the definition of hate speech, and not all truthful statements must be free from restriction.’ Most ‘anti-hate’ activists, who are themselves consumed by hatred, are too stupid and ignorant of the world to know how they are being used. They are far too far up their own virtue-signalling arses and it’s far too dark for them to see anything.

The ‘revolution’ game The background and methods of the ‘Russian’ Revolution are straight from the Sabbatian playbook seen in the French Revolution

and endless others around the world that appear to start as a revolution of the people against tyrannical rule and end up with a regime change to more tyrannical rule overtly or covertly. Wars, terror a acks and regime overthrows follow the Sabbatian cult through history with its agents creating them as Problem-ReactionSolutions to remove opposition on the road to world domination. Sabbatian dots connect the Rothschilds with the Illuminati, Jacobins of the French Revolution, the ‘Bund’ or League of the Just, the International Communist Party, Communist League and the Communist Manifesto of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that would lead to the Rothschild-funded Russian Revolution. The sequence comes under the heading of ‘creative destruction’ when you advance to your global goal by continually destroying the status quo to install a new status quo which you then also destroy. The two world wars come to mind. With each new status quo you move closer to your planned outcome. Wars and mass murder are to Sabbatians a collective blood sacrifice ritual. They are obsessed with death for many reasons and one is that death is an inversion of life. Satanists and Sabbatians are obsessed with death and o en target churches and churchyards for their rituals. Inversion-obsessed Sabbatians explain the use of inverted symbolism including the inverted pentagram and inverted cross. The inversion of the cross has been related to targeting Christianity, but the cross was a religious symbol long before Christianity and its inversion is a statement about the Sabbatian mentality and goals more than any single religion. Sabbatians operating in Germany were behind the rise of the occult-obsessed Nazis and the subsequent Jewish exodus from Germany and Europe to Palestine and the United States a er World War Two. The Rothschild dynasty was at the forefront of this both as political manipulators and by funding the operation. Why would Sabbatians help to orchestrate the horrors inflicted on Jews by the Nazis and by Stalin a er they organised the Russian Revolution? Sabbatians hate Jews and their religion, that’s why. They pose as Jews and secure positions of control within Jewish society and play the ‘anti-Semitism’ card to protect themselves from exposure

through a global network of organisations answering to the Sabbatian-created-and-controlled globe-spanning intelligence network that involves a stunning web of military-intelligence operatives and operations for a tiny country of just nine million. Among them are Jewish assets who are not Sabbatians but have been convinced by them that what they are doing is for the good of Israel and the Jewish community to protect them from what they have been programmed since childhood to believe is a Jew-hating hostile world. The Jewish community is just a highly convenient cover to hide the true nature of Sabbatians. Anyone ge ing close to exposing their game is accused by Sabbatian place-people and gofers of ‘antiSemitism’ and claiming that all Jews are part of a plot to take over the world. I am not saying that. I am saying that Sabbatians – the real Jew-haters – have infiltrated the Jewish community to use them both as a cover and an ‘anti-Semitic’ defence against exposure. Thus we have the Anti-Semitism Industry targeted researchers in this way and most Jewish people think this is justified and genuine. They don’t know that their ‘Jewish’ leaders and institutions of state, intelligence and military are not controlled by Jews at all, but cultists and stooges of Sabbatian-Frankism. I once added my name to a proJewish freedom petition online and the next time I looked my name was gone and text had been added to the petition blurb to a ack me as an ‘anti-Semite’ such is the scale of perceptual programming.

Moving on America I tell the story in The Trigger and a chapter called ‘Atlantic Crossing’ how particularly a er Israel was established the Sabbatians moved in on the United States and eventually grasped control of government administration, the political system via both Democrats and Republicans, the intelligence community like the CIA and National Security Agency (NSA), the Pentagon and mass media. Through this seriously compartmentalised network Sabbatians and their operatives in Mossad, Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) and US agencies pulled off 9/11 and blamed it on 19 ‘Al-Qaeda hijackers’ dominated by men from, or connected to, Sabbatian-ruled Saudi

Arabia. The ‘19’ were not even on the planes let alone flew those big passenger jets into buildings while being largely incompetent at piloting one-engine light aircra . ‘Hijacker’ Hani Hanjour who is said to have flown American Airlines Flight 77 into the Pentagon with a turn and manoeuvre most professional pilots said they would have struggled to do was banned from renting a small plane by instructors at the Freeway Airport in Bowie, Maryland, just six weeks earlier on the grounds that he was an incompetent pilot. The Jewish population of the world is just 0.2 percent with even that almost entirely concentrated in Israel (75 percent Jewish) and the United States (around two percent). This two percent and globally 0.2 percent refers to Jewish people and not Sabbatian interlopers who are a fraction of that fraction. What a sobering thought when you think of the fantastic influence on world affairs of tiny Israel and that the Project for the New America Century (PNAC) which laid out the blueprint in September, 2000, for America’s war on terror and regime change wars in Iraq, Libya and Syria was founded and dominated by Sabbatians known as ‘Neocons’. The document conceded that this plan would not be supported politically or publicly without a major a ack on American soil and a Problem-Reaction-Solution excuse to send troops to war across the Middle East. Sabbatian Neocons said: ... [The] process of transformation ... [war and regime change] ... is likely to be a long one, absent some catastrophic and catalysing event – like a new Pearl Harbor.

Four months later many of those who produced that document came to power with their inane puppet George Bush from the longtime Sabbatian Bush family. They included Sabbatian Dick Cheney who was officially vice-president, but really de-facto president for the entirety of the ‘Bush’ government. Nine months a er the ‘Bush’ inauguration came what Bush called at the time ‘the Pearl Harbor of the 21st century’ and with typical Sabbatian timing and symbolism 2001 was the 60th anniversary of the a ack in 1941 by the Japanese Air Force on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, which allowed President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to take the United States into a Sabbatian-

instigated Second World War that he said in his election campaign that he never would. The evidence is overwhelming that Roosevelt and his military and intelligence networks knew the a ack was coming and did nothing to stop it, but they did make sure that America’s most essential naval ships were not in Hawaii at the time. Three thousand Americans died in the Pearl Harbor a acks as they did on September 11th. By the 9/11 year of 2001 Sabbatians had widely infiltrated the US government, military and intelligence operations and used their compartmentalised assets to pull off the ‘Al-Qaeda’ a acks. If you read The Trigger it will blow your mind to see the u erly staggering concentration of ‘Jewish’ operatives (Sabbatian infiltrators) in essential positions of political, security, legal, law enforcement, financial and business power before, during, and a er the a acks to make them happen, carry them out, and then cover their tracks – and I do mean staggering when you think of that 0.2 percent of the world population and two percent of Americans which are Jewish while Sabbatian infiltrators are a fraction of that. A central foundation of the 9/11 conspiracy was the hijacking of government, military, Air Force and intelligence computer systems in real time through ‘back-door’ access made possible by Israeli (Sabbatian) ‘cyber security’ so ware. Sabbatian-controlled Israel is on the way to rivalling Silicon Valley for domination of cyberspace and is becoming the dominant force in cyber-security which gives them access to entire computer systems and their passcodes across the world. Then add to this that Zionists head (officially) Silicon Valley giants like Google (Larry Page and Sergey Brin), Googleowned YouTube (Susan Wojcicki), Facebook (Mark Zuckerberg and Sheryl Sandberg), and Apple (Chairman Arthur D. Levinson), and that ultra-Zionist hedge fund billionaire Paul Singer has a $1 billion stake in Twi er which is only nominally headed by ‘CEO’ pothead Jack Dorsey. As cable news host Tucker Carlson said of Dorsey: ‘There used to be debate in the medical community whether dropping a ton of acid had permanent effects and I think that debate has now ended.’ Carlson made the comment a er Dorsey told a hearing on Capitol Hill (if you cut through his bullshit) that he

believed in free speech so long as he got to decide what you can hear and see. These ‘big names’ of Silicon Valley are only front men and women for the Global Cult, not least the Sabbatians, who are the true controllers of these corporations. Does anyone still wonder why these same people and companies have been ferociously censoring and banning people (like me) for exposing any aspect of the Cult agenda and especially the truth about the ‘Covid’ hoax which Sabbatians have orchestrated? The Jeffrey Epstein paedophile ring was a Sabbatian operation. He was officially ‘Jewish’ but he was a Sabbatian and women abused by the ring have told me about the high number of ‘Jewish’ people involved. The Epstein horror has Sabbatian wri en all over it and matches perfectly their modus operandi and obsession with sex and ritual. Epstein was running a Sabbatian blackmail ring in which famous people with political and other influence were provided with young girls for sex while everything was being filmed and recorded on hidden cameras and microphones at his New York house, Caribbean island and other properties. Epstein survivors have described this surveillance system to me and some have gone public. Once the famous politician or other figure knew he or she was on video they tended to do whatever they were told. Here we go again …when you’ve got them by the balls their hearts and minds will follow. Sabbatians use this blackmail technique on a wide scale across the world to entrap politicians and others they need to act as demanded. Epstein’s private plane, the infamous ‘Lolita Express’, had many well-known passengers including Bill Clinton while Bill Gates has flown on an Epstein plane and met with him four years a er Epstein had been jailed for paedophilia. They subsequently met many times at Epstein’s home in New York according to a witness who was there. Epstein’s infamous side-kick was Ghislaine Maxwell, daughter of Mossad agent and ultra-Zionist mega-crooked British businessman, Bob Maxwell, who at one time owned the Daily Mirror newspaper. Maxwell was murdered at sea on his boat in 1991 by Sabbatian-controlled Mossad when he became a liability with his

business empire collapsing as a former Mossad operative has confirmed (see The Trigger).

Money, money, money, funny money … Before I come to the Sabbatian connection with the last three US presidents I will lay out the crucial importance to Sabbatians of controlling banking and finance. Sabbatian Mayer Amschel Rothschild set out to dominate this arena in his family’s quest for total global control. What is freedom? It is, in effect, choice. The more choices you have the freer you are and the fewer your choices the more you are enslaved. In the global structure created over centuries by Sabbatians the biggest decider and restrictor of choice is … money. Across the world if you ask people what they would like to do with their lives and why they are not doing that they will reply ‘I don’t have the money’. This is the idea. A global elite of multibillionaires are described as ‘greedy’ and that is true on one level; but control of money – who has it and who doesn’t – is not primarily about greed. It’s about control. Sabbatians have seized ever more control of finance and sucked the wealth of the world out of the hands of the population. We talk now, a er all, about the ‘Onepercent’ and even then the wealthiest are a lot fewer even than that. This has been made possible by a money scam so outrageous and so vast it could rightly be called the scam of scams founded on creating ‘money’ out of nothing and ‘loaning’ that with interest to the population. Money out of nothing is called ‘credit’. Sabbatians have asserted control over governments and banking ever more completely through the centuries and secured financial laws that allow banks to lend hugely more than they have on deposit in a confidence trick known as fractional reserve lending. Imagine if you could lend money that doesn’t exist and charge the recipient interest for doing so. You would end up in jail. Bankers by contrast end up in mansions, private jets, Malibu and Monaco. Banks are only required to keep a fraction of their deposits and wealth in their vaults and they are allowed to lend ‘money’ they don’t have called ‘credit. Go into a bank for a loan and if you succeed

the banker will not move any real wealth into your account. They will type into your account the amount of the agreed ‘loan’ – say £100,000. This is not wealth that really exists; it is non-existent, freshair, created-out-of-nothing ‘credit’ which has never, does not, and will never exist except in theory. Credit is backed by nothing except wind and only has buying power because people think that it has buying power and accept it in return for property, goods and services. I have described this situation as like those cartoon characters you see chasing each other and when they run over the edge of a cliff they keep running forward on fresh air until one of them looks down, realises what’s happened, and they all crash into the ravine. The whole foundation of the Sabbatian financial system is to stop people looking down except for periodic moments when they want to crash the system (as in 2008 and 2020 ongoing) and reap the rewards from all the property, businesses and wealth their borrowers had signed over as ‘collateral’ in return for a ‘loan’ of fresh air. Most people think that money is somehow created by governments when it comes into existence from the start as a debt through banks ‘lending’ illusory money called credit. Yes, the very currency of exchange is a debt from day one issued as an interest-bearing loan. Why don’t governments create money interest-free and lend it to their people interest-free? Governments are controlled by Sabbatians and the financial system is controlled by Sabbatians for whom interest-free money would be a nightmare come true. Sabbatians underpin their financial domination through their global network of central banks, including the privately-owned US Federal Reserve and Britain’s Bank of England, and this is orchestrated by a privately-owned central bank coordination body called the Bank for International Se lements in Basle, Switzerland, created by the usual suspects including the Rockefellers and Rothschilds. Central bank chiefs don’t answer to governments or the people. They answer to the Bank for International Se lements or, in other words, the Global Cult which is dominated today by Sabbatians.

Built-in disaster

There are so many constituent scams within the overall banking scam. When you take out a loan of thin-air credit only the amount of that loan is theoretically brought into circulation to add to the amount in circulation; but you are paying back the principle plus interest. The additional interest is not created and this means that with every ‘loan’ there is a shortfall in the money in circulation between what is borrowed and what has to be paid back. There is never even close to enough money in circulation to repay all outstanding public and private debt including interest. Coldly weaved in the very fabric of the system is the certainty that some will lose their homes, businesses and possessions to the banking ‘lender’. This is less obvious in times of ‘boom’ when the amount of money in circulation (and the debt) is expanding through more people wanting and ge ing loans. When a downturn comes and the money supply contracts it becomes painfully obvious that there is not enough money to service all debt and interest. This is less obvious in times of ‘boom’ when the amount of money in circulation (and the debt) is expanding through more people wanting and ge ing loans. When a downturn comes and the money supply contracts and it becomes painfully obvious – as in 2008 and currently – that there is not enough money to service all debt and interest. Sabbatian banksters have been leading the human population through a calculated series of booms (more debt incurred) and busts (when the debt can’t be repaid and the banks get the debtor’s tangible wealth in exchange for non-existent ‘credit’). With each ‘bust’ Sabbatian bankers have absorbed more of the world’s tangible wealth and we end up with the One-percent. Governments are in bankruptcy levels of debt to the same system and are therefore owned by a system they do not control. The Federal Reserve, ‘America’s central bank’, is privately-owned and American presidents only nominally appoint its chairman or woman to maintain the illusion that it’s an arm of government. It’s not. The ‘Fed’ is a cartel of private banks which handed billions to its associates and friends a er the crash of 2008 and has been Sabbatiancontrolled since it was manipulated into being in 1913 through the covert trickery of Rothschild banking agents Jacob Schiff and Paul

Warburg, and the Sabbatian Rockefeller family. Somehow from a Jewish population of two-percent and globally 0.2 percent (Sabbatian interlopers remember are far smaller) ultra-Zionists headed the Federal Reserve for 31 years between 1987 and 2018 in the form of Alan Greenspan, Bernard Bernanke and Janet Yellen (now Biden’s Treasury Secretary) with Yellen’s deputy chairman a IsraeliAmerican duel citizen and ultra-Zionist Stanley Fischer, a former governor of the Bank of Israel. Ultra-Zionist Fed chiefs spanned the presidencies of Ronald Reagan (‘Republican’), Father George Bush (‘Republican’), Bill Clinton (‘Democrat’), Boy George Bush (‘Republican’) and Barack Obama (‘Democrat’). We should really add the pre-Greenspan chairman, Paul Adolph Volcker, ‘appointed’ by Jimmy Carter (‘Democrat’) who ran the Fed between 1979 and 1987 during the Carter and Reagan administrations before Greenspan took over. Volcker was a long-time associate and business partner of the Rothschilds. No ma er what the ‘party’ officially in power the United States economy was directed by the same force. Here are members of the Obama, Trump and Biden administrations and see if you can make out a common theme.

Barack Obama (‘Democrat’) Ultra-Zionists Robert Rubin, Larry Summers, and Timothy Geithner ran the US Treasury in the Clinton administration and two of them reappeared with Obama. Ultra-Zionist Fed chairman Alan Greenspan had manipulated the crash of 2008 through deregulation and jumped ship just before the disaster to make way for ultraZionist Bernard Bernanke to hand out trillions to Sabbatian ‘too big to fail’ banks and businesses, including the ubiquitous ultra-Zionist Goldman Sachs which has an ongoing staff revolving door operation between itself and major financial positions in government worldwide. Obama inherited the fallout of the crash when he took office in January, 2009, and fortunately he had the support of his ultra-Zionist White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emmanuel, son of a terrorist who helped to bomb Israel into being in 1948, and his ultraZionist senior adviser David Axelrod, chief strategist in Obama’s two

successful presidential campaigns. Emmanuel, later mayor of Chicago and former senior fundraiser and strategist for Bill Clinton, is an example of the Sabbatian policy a er Israel was established of migrating insider families to America so their children would be born American citizens. ‘Obama’ chose this financial team throughout his administration to respond to the Sabbatian-instigated crisis: Timothy Geithner (ultra-Zionist) Treasury Secretary; Jacob J. Lew, Treasury Secretary; Larry Summers (ultra-Zionist), director of the White House National Economic Council; Paul Adolph Volcker (Rothschild business partner), chairman of the Economic Recovery Advisory Board; Peter Orszag (ultra-Zionist), director of the Office of Management and Budget overseeing all government spending; Penny Pritzker (ultra-Zionist), Commerce Secretary; Jared Bernstein (ultra-Zionist), chief economist and economic policy adviser to Vice President Joe Biden; Mary Schapiro (ultra-Zionist), chair of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC); Gary Gensler (ultraZionist), chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC); Sheila Bair (ultra-Zionist), chair of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC); Karen Mills (ultra-Zionist), head of the Small Business Administration (SBA); Kenneth Feinberg (ultraZionist), Special Master for Executive [bail-out] Compensation. Feinberg would be appointed to oversee compensation (with strings) to 9/11 victims and families in a campaign to stop them having their day in court to question the official story. At the same time ultraZionist Bernard Bernanke was chairman of the Federal Reserve and these are only some of the ultra-Zionists with allegiance to Sabbatian-controlled Israel in the Obama government. Obama’s biggest corporate donor was ultra-Zionist Goldman Sachs which had employed many in his administration.

Donald Trump (‘Republican’) Trump claimed to be an outsider (he wasn’t) who had come to ‘drain the swamp’. He embarked on this goal by immediately appointing ultra-Zionist Steve Mnuchin, a Goldman Sachs employee for 17

years, as his Treasury Secretary. Others included Gary Cohn (ultraZionist), chief operating officer of Goldman Sachs, his first Director of the National Economic Council and chief economic adviser, who was later replaced by Larry Kudlow (ultra-Zionist). Trump’s senior adviser throughout his four years in the White House was his sinister son-in-law Jared Kushner, a life-long friend of Israel Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Kushner is the son of a convicted crook who was pardoned by Trump in his last days in office. Other ultra-Zionists in the Trump administration included: Stephen Miller, Senior Policy Adviser; Avrahm Berkowitz, Deputy Adviser to Trump and his Senior Adviser Jared Kushner; Ivanka Trump, Adviser to the President, who converted to Judaism when she married Jared Kushner; David Friedman, Trump lawyer and Ambassador to Israel; Jason Greenbla , Trump Organization executive vice president and chief legal officer, who was made Special Representative for International Negotiations and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict; Rod Rosenstein, Deputy A orney General; Elliot Abrams, Special Representative for Venezuela, then Iran; John Eisenberg, National Security Council Legal Adviser and Deputy Council to the President for National Security Affairs; Anne Neuberger, Deputy National Manager, National Security Agency; Ezra Cohen-Watnick, Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence; Elan Carr, Special Envoy to monitor and combat anti-Semitism; Len Khodorkovsky, Deputy Special Envoy to monitor and combat anti-Semitism; Reed Cordish, Assistant to the President, Intragovernmental and Technology Initiatives. Trump Vice President Mike Pence and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, both Christian Zionists, were also vehement supporters of Israel and its goals and ambitions. Donald ‘free-speech believer’ Trump pardoned a number of financial and violent criminals while ignoring calls to pardon Julian Assange and Edward Snowden whose crimes are revealing highly relevant information about government manipulation and corruption and the widespread illegal surveillance of the American people by US ‘security’ agencies. It’s so good to know that Trump is on the side of freedom and justice and not mega-criminals with

allegiance to Sabbatian-controlled Israel. These included a pardon for Israeli spy Jonathan Pollard who was jailed for life in 1987 under the Espionage Act. Aviem Sella, the Mossad agent who recruited Pollard, was also pardoned by Trump while Assange sat in jail and Snowden remained in exile in Russia. Sella had ‘fled’ (was helped to escape) to Israel in 1987 and was never extradited despite being charged under the Espionage Act. A Trump White House statement said that Sella’s clemency had been ‘supported by Benjamin Netanyahu, Ron Dermer, Israel’s US Ambassador, David Friedman, US Ambassador to Israel and Miriam Adelson, wife of leading Trump donor Sheldon Adelson who died shortly before. Other friends of Jared Kushner were pardoned along with Sholom Weiss who was believed to be serving the longest-ever white-collar prison sentence of more than 800 years in 2000. The sentence was commuted of Ponzi-schemer Eliyahu Weinstein who defrauded Jews and others out of $200 million. I did mention that Assange and Snowden were ignored, right? Trump gave Sabbatians almost everything they asked for in military and political support, moving the US Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem with its critical symbolic and literal implications for Palestinian statehood, and the ‘deal of the Century’ designed by Jared Kushner and David Friedman which gave the Sabbatian Israeli government the green light to substantially expand its already widespread program of building illegal Jewish-only se lements in the occupied land of the West Bank. This made a two-state ‘solution’ impossible by seizing all the land of a potential Palestinian homeland and that had been the plan since 1948 and then 1967 when the Arab-controlled Gaza Strip, West Bank, Sinai Peninsula and Syrian Golan Heights were occupied by Israel. All the talks about talks and road maps and delays have been buying time until the West Bank was physically occupied by Israeli real estate. Trump would have to be a monumentally ill-informed idiot not to see that this was the plan he was helping to complete. The Trump administration was in so many ways the Kushner administration which means the Netanyahu administration which means the Sabbatian administration. I understand why many opposing Cult fascism in all its forms gravitated to Trump, but he

was a crucial part of the Sabbatian plan and I will deal with this in the next chapter.

Joe Biden (‘Democrat’) A barely cognitive Joe Biden took over the presidency in January, 2021, along with his fellow empty shell, Vice-President Kamala Harris, as the latest Sabbatian gofers to enter the White House. Names on the door may have changed and the ‘party’ – the force behind them remained the same as Zionists were appointed to a stream of pivotal areas relating to Sabbatian plans and policy. They included: Janet Yellen, Treasury Secretary, former head of the Federal Reserve, and still another ultra-Zionist running the US Treasury a er Mnuchin (Trump), Lew and Geithner (Obama), and Summers and Rubin (Clinton); Anthony Blinken, Secretary of State; Wendy Sherman, Deputy Secretary of State (so that’s ‘Biden’s’ Sabbatian foreign policy sorted); Jeff Zients, White House coronavirus coordinator; Rochelle Walensky, head of the Centers for Disease Control; Rachel Levine, transgender deputy health secretary (that’s ‘Covid’ hoax policy under control); Merrick Garland, A orney General; Alejandro Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security; Cass Sunstein, Homeland Security with responsibility for new immigration laws; Avril Haines, Director of National Intelligence; Anne Neuberger, National Security Agency cybersecurity director (note, cybersecurity); David Cohen, CIA Deputy Director; Ronald Klain, Biden’s Chief of Staff (see Rahm Emanuel); Eric Lander, a ‘leading geneticist’, Office of Science and Technology Policy director (see Smart Grid, synthetic biology agenda); Jessica Rosenworcel, acting head of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) which controls Smart Grid technology policy and electromagnetic communication systems including 5G. How can it be that so many pivotal positions are held by two-percent of the American population and 0.2 percent of the world population administration a er administration no ma er who is the president and what is the party? It’s a coincidence? Of course it’s not and this is why Sabbatians have built their colossal global web of interlocking ‘anti-

hate’ hate groups to condemn anyone who asks these glaring questions as an ‘anti-Semite’. The way that Jewish people horrifically abused in Sabbatian-backed Nazi Germany are exploited to this end is stomach-turning and disgusting beyond words.

Political fusion Sabbatian manipulation has reversed the roles of Republicans and Democrats and the same has happened in Britain with the Conservative and Labour Parties. Republicans and Conservatives were always labelled the ‘right’ and Democrats and Labour the ‘le ’, but look at the policy positions now and the Democrat-Labour ‘le ’ has moved further to the ‘right’ than Republicans and Conservatives under the banner of ‘Woke’, the Cult-created far-right tyranny. Where once the Democrat-Labour ‘le ’ defended free speech and human rights they now seek to delete them and as I said earlier despite the ‘Covid’ fascism of the Jackboot Johnson Conservative government in the UK the Labour Party of leader Keir Starmer demanded even more extreme measures. The Labour Party has been very publicly absorbed by Sabbatians a er a political and media onslaught against the previous leader, the weak and inept Jeremy Corbyn, over made-up allegations of ‘anti-Semitism’ both by him and his party. The plan was clear with this ‘anti-Semite’ propaganda and what was required in response was a swi and decisive ‘fuck off’ from Corbyn and a statement to expose the Anti-Semitism Industry (Sabbatian) a empt to silence Labour criticism of the Israeli government (Sabbatians) and purge the party of all dissent against the extremes of ultra-Zionism (Sabbatians). Instead Corbyn and his party fell to their knees and appeased the abusers which, by definition, is impossible. Appeasing one demand leads only to a new demand to be appeased until takeover is complete. Like I say – ‘fuck off’ would have been a much more effective policy and I have used it myself with great effect over the years when Sabbatians are on my case which is most of the time. I consider that fact a great compliment, by the way. The outcome of the Labour Party capitulation is that we now have a Sabbatian-controlled

Conservative Party ‘opposed’ by a Sabbatian-controlled Labour Party in a one-party Sabbatian state that hurtles towards the extremes of tyranny (the Sabbatian cult agenda). In America the situation is the same. Labour’s Keir Starmer spends his days on his knees with his tongue out pointing to Tel Aviv, or I guess now Jerusalem, while Boris Johnson has an ‘anti-Semitism czar’ in the form of former Labour MP John Mann who keeps Starmer company on his prayer mat. Sabbatian influence can be seen in Jewish members of the Labour Party who have been ejected for criticism of Israel including those from families that suffered in Nazi Germany. Sabbatians despise real Jewish people and target them even more harshly because it is so much more difficult to dub them ‘anti-Semitic’ although in their desperation they do try.

CHAPTER THREE The Pushbacker sting Until you realize how easy it is for your mind to be manipulated, you remain the puppet of someone else’s game Evita Ochel

I

will use the presidencies of Trump and Biden to show how the manipulation of the one-party state plays out behind the illusion of political choice across the world. No two presidencies could – on the face of it – be more different and apparently at odds in terms of direction and policy. A Renegade Mind sees beyond the obvious and focuses on outcomes and consequences and not image, words and waffle. The Cult embarked on a campaign to divide America between those who blindly support its agenda (the mentality known as ‘Woke’) and those who are pushing back on where the Cult and its Sabbatians want to go. This presents infinite possibilities for dividing and ruling the population by se ing them at war with each other and allows a perceptual ring fence of demonisation to encircle the Pushbackers in a modern version of the Li le Big Horn in 1876 when American cavalry led by Lieutenant Colonel George Custer were drawn into a trap, surrounded and killed by Native American tribes defending their land of thousands of years from being seized by the government. In this modern version the roles are reversed and it’s those defending themselves from the Sabbatian government who are surrounded and the government that’s seeking to destroy them. This trap was set years ago and to explain how we must return to 2016

and the emergence of Donald Trump as a candidate to be President of the United States. He set out to overcome the best part of 20 other candidates in the Republican Party before and during the primaries and was not considered by many in those early stages to have a prayer of living in the White House. The Republican Party was said to have great reservations about Trump and yet somehow he won the nomination. When you know how American politics works – politics in general – there is no way that Trump could have become the party’s candidate unless the Sabbatian-controlled ‘Neocons’ that run the Republican Party wanted that to happen. We saw the proof in emails and documents made public by WikiLeaks that the Democratic Party hierarchy, or Democons, systematically undermined the campaign of Bernie Sanders to make sure that Sabbatian gofer Hillary Clinton won the nomination to be their presidential candidate. If the Democons could do that then the Neocons in the Republican Party could have derailed Trump in the same way. But they didn’t and at that stage I began to conclude that Trump could well be the one chosen to be president. If that was the case the ‘why’ was pre y clear to see – the goal of dividing America between Cult agenda-supporting Wokers and Pushbackers who gravitated to Trump because he was telling them what they wanted to hear. His constituency of support had been increasingly ignored and voiceless for decades and profoundly through the eight years of Sabbatian puppet Barack Obama. Now here was someone speaking their language of pulling back from the incessant globalisation of political and economic power, the exporting of American jobs to China and elsewhere by ‘American’ (Sabbatian) corporations, the deletion of free speech, and the mass immigration policies that had further devastated job opportunities for the urban working class of all races and the once American heartlands of the Midwest.

Beware the forked tongue Those people collectively sighed with relief that at last a political leader was apparently on their side, but another trait of the Renegade Mind is that you look even harder at people telling you

what you want to hear than those who are telling you otherwise. Obviously as I said earlier people wish what they want to hear to be true and genuine and they are much more likely to believe that than someone saying what they don’t want to here and don’t want to be true. Sales people are taught to be skilled in eliciting by calculated questioning what their customers want to hear and repeating that back to them as their own opinion to get their targets to like and trust them. Assets of the Cult are also sales people in the sense of selling perception. To read Cult manipulation you have to play the long and expanded game and not fall for the Vaudeville show of party politics. Both American parties are vehicles for the Cult and they exploit them in different ways depending on what the agenda requires at that moment. Trump and the Republicans were used to be the focus of dividing America and isolating Pushbackers to open the way for a Biden presidency to become the most extreme in American history by advancing the full-blown Woke (Cult) agenda with the aim of destroying and silencing Pushbackers now labelled Nazi Trump supporters and white supremacists. Sabbatians wanted Trump in office for the reasons described by ultra-Zionist Saul Alinsky (1909-1972) who was promoting the Woke philosophy through ‘community organising’ long before anyone had heard of it. In those days it still went by its traditional name of Marxism. The reason for the manipulated Trump phenomenon was laid out in Alinsky’s 1971 book, Rules for Radicals, which was his blueprint for overthrowing democratic and other regimes and replacing them with Sabbatian Marxism. Not surprisingly his to-do list was evident in the Sabbatian French and Russian ‘Revolutions’ and that in China which will become very relevant in the next chapter about the ‘Covid’ hoax. Among Alinsky’s followers have been the deeply corrupt Barack Obama, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Hillary Clinton who described him as a ‘hero’. All three are Sabbatian stooges with Pelosi personifying the arrogant corrupt idiocy that so widely fronts up for the Cult inner core. Predictably as a Sabbatian advocate of the ‘light-bringer’ Alinsky features Lucifer on the dedication page of his book as the original radical who gained

his own kingdom (‘Earth’ as we shall see). One of Alinsky’s golden radical rules was to pick an individual and focus all a ention, hatred and blame on them and not to target faceless bureaucracies and corporations. Rules for Radicals is really a Sabbatian handbook with its contents repeatedly employed all over the world for centuries and why wouldn’t Sabbatians bring to power their designer-villain to be used as the individual on which all a ention, hatred and blame was bestowed? This is what they did and the only question for me is how much Trump knew that and how much he was manipulated. A bit of both, I suspect. This was Alinsky’s Trump technique from a man who died in 1972. The technique has spanned history: Pick the target, freeze it, personalize it, polarize it. Don’t try to attack abstract corporations or bureaucracies. Identify a responsible individual. Ignore attempts to shift or spread the blame.

From the moment Trump came to illusory power everything was about him. It wasn’t about Republican policy or opinion, but all about Trump. Everything he did was presented in negative, derogatory and abusive terms by the Sabbatian-dominated media led by Cult operations such as CNN, MSNBC, The New York Times and the Jeff Bezos-owned Washington Post – ‘Pick the target, freeze it, personalize it, polarize it.’ Trump was turned into a demon to be vilified by those who hated him and a demi-god loved by those who worshipped him. This, in turn, had his supporters, too, presented as equally demonic in preparation for the punchline later down the line when Biden was about to take office. It was here’s a Trump, there’s a Trump, everywhere a Trump, Trump. Virtually every news story or happening was filtered through the lens of ‘The Donald’. You loved him or hated him and which one you chose was said to define you as Satan’s spawn or a paragon of virtue. Even supporting some Trump policies or statements and not others was enough for an assault on your character. No shades of grey were or are allowed. Everything is black and white (literally and figuratively). A Californian I knew had her head u erly scrambled by her hatred for Trump while telling people they should love each other. She was so totally consumed by

Trump Derangement Syndrome as it became to be known that this glaring contradiction would never have occurred to her. By definition anyone who criticised Trump or praised his opponents was a hero and this lady described Joe Biden as ‘a kind, honest gentleman’ when he’s a provable liar, mega-crook and vicious piece of work to boot. Sabbatians had indeed divided America using Trump as the fall-guy and all along the clock was ticking on the consequences for his supporters.

In hock to his masters Trump gave Sabbatians via Israel almost everything they wanted in his four years. Ask and you shall receive was the dynamic between himself and Benjamin Netanyahu orchestrated by Trump’s ultraZionist son-in-law Jared Kushner, his ultra-Zionist Ambassador to Israel, David Friedman, and ultra-Zionist ‘Israel adviser’, Jason Greenbla . The last two were central to the running and protecting from collapse of his business empire, the Trump Organisation, and colossal business failures made him forever beholding to Sabbatian networks that bailed him out. By the start of the 1990s Trump owed $4 billion to banks that he couldn’t pay and almost $1billion of that was down to him personally and not his companies. This megadisaster was the result of building two new casinos in Atlantic City and buying the enormous Taj Mahal operation which led to crippling debt payments. He had borrowed fantastic sums from 72 banks with major Sabbatian connections and although the scale of debt should have had him living in a tent alongside the highway they never foreclosed. A plan was devised to li Trump from the mire by BT Securities Corporation and Rothschild Inc. and the case was handled by Wilber Ross who had worked for the Rothschilds for 27 years. Ross would be named US Commerce Secretary a er Trump’s election. Another crucial figure in saving Trump was ultraZionist ‘investor’ Carl Icahn who bought the Taj Mahal casino. Icahn was made special economic adviser on financial regulation in the Trump administration. He didn’t stay long but still managed to find time to make a tidy sum of a reported $31.3 million when he sold his

holdings affected by the price of steel three days before Trump imposed a 235 percent tariff on steel imports. What amazing bits of luck these people have. Trump and Sabbatian operatives have long had a close association and his mentor and legal adviser from the early 1970s until 1986 was the dark and genetically corrupt ultraZionist Roy Cohn who was chief counsel to Senator Joseph McCarthy’s ‘communist’ witch-hunt in the 1950s. Esquire magazine published an article about Cohn with the headline ‘Don’t mess with Roy Cohn’. He was described as the most feared lawyer in New York and ‘a ruthless master of dirty tricks ... [with] ... more than one Mafia Don on speed dial’. Cohn’s influence, contacts, support and protection made Trump a front man for Sabbatians in New York with their connections to one of Cohn’s many criminal employers, the ‘Russian’ Sabbatian Mafia. Israel-centric media mogul Rupert Murdoch was introduced to Trump by Cohn and they started a long friendship. Cohn died in 1986 weeks a er being disbarred for unethical conduct by the Appellate Division of the New York State Supreme Court. The wheels of justice do indeed run slow given the length of Cohn’s crooked career.

QAnon-sense We are asked to believe that Donald Trump with his fundamental connections to Sabbatian networks and operatives has been leading the fight to stop the Sabbatian agenda for the fascistic control of America and the world. Sure he has. A man entrapped during his years in the White House by Sabbatian operatives and whose biggest financial donor was casino billionaire Sheldon Adelson who was Sabbatian to his DNA?? Oh, do come on. Trump has been used to divide America and isolate Pushbackers on the Cult agenda under the heading of ‘Trump supporters’, ‘insurrectionists’ and ‘white supremacists’. The US Intelligence/Mossad Psyop or psychological operation known as QAnon emerged during the Trump years as a central pillar in the Sabbatian campaign to lead Pushbackers into the trap set by those that wished to destroy them. I knew from the start that QAnon was a scam because I had seen the same scenario many

times before over 30 years under different names and I had wri en about one in particular in the books. ‘Not again’ was my reaction when QAnon came to the fore. The same script is pulled out every few years and a new name added to the le erhead. The story always takes the same form: ‘Insiders’ or ‘the good guys’ in the governmentintelligence-military ‘Deep State’ apparatus were going to instigate mass arrests of the ‘bad guys’ which would include the Rockefellers, Rothschilds, Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, George Soros, etc., etc. Dates are given for when the ‘good guys’ are going to move in, but the dates pass without incident and new dates are given which pass without incident. The central message to Pushbackers in each case is that they don’t have to do anything because there is ‘a plan’ and it is all going to be sorted by the ‘good guys’ on the inside. ‘Trust the plan’ was a QAnon mantra when the only plan was to misdirect Pushbackers into pu ing their trust in a Psyop they believed to be real. Beware, beware, those who tell you what you want to hear and always check it out. Right up to Biden’s inauguration QAnon was still claiming that ‘the Storm’ was coming and Trump would stay on as president when Biden and his cronies were arrested and jailed. It was never going to happen and of course it didn’t, but what did happen as a result provided that punchline to the Sabbatian Trump/QAnon Psyop. On January 6th, 2021, a very big crowd of Trump supporters gathered in the National Mall in Washington DC down from the Capitol Building to protest at what they believed to be widespread corruption and vote fraud that stopped Trump being re-elected for a second term as president in November, 2020. I say as someone that does not support Trump or Biden that the evidence is clear that major vote-fixing went on to favour Biden, a man with cognitive problems so advanced he can o en hardly string a sentence together without reading the words wri en for him on the Teleprompter. Glaring ballot discrepancies included serious questions about electronic voting machines that make vote rigging a comparative cinch and hundreds of thousands of paper votes that suddenly appeared during already advanced vote counts and virtually all of

them for Biden. Early Trump leads in crucial swing states suddenly began to close and disappear. The pandemic hoax was used as the excuse to issue almost limitless numbers of mail-in ballots with no checks to establish that the recipients were still alive or lived at that address. They were sent to streams of people who had not even asked for them. Private organisations were employed to gather these ballots and who knows what they did with them before they turned up at the counts. The American election system has been manipulated over decades to become a sick joke with more holes than a Swiss cheese for the express purpose of dictating the results. Then there was the criminal manipulation of information by Sabbatian tech giants like Facebook, Twi er and Google-owned YouTube which deleted pro-Trump, anti-Biden accounts and posts while everything in support of Biden was le alone. Sabbatians wanted Biden to win because a er the dividing of America it was time for full-on Woke and every aspect of the Cult agenda to be unleashed.

Hunter gatherer Extreme Silicon Valley bias included blocking information by the New York Post exposing a Biden scandal that should have ended his bid for president in the final weeks of the campaign. Hunter Biden, his monumentally corrupt son, is reported to have sent a laptop to be repaired at a local store and failed to return for it. Time passed until the laptop became the property of the store for non-payment of the bill. When the owner saw what was on the hard drive he gave a copy to the FBI who did nothing even though it confirmed widespread corruption in which the Joe Biden family were using his political position, especially when he was vice president to Obama, to make multiple millions in countries around the world and most notably Ukraine and China. Hunter Biden’s one-time business partner Tony Bobulinski went public when the story broke in the New York Post to confirm the corruption he saw and that Joe Biden not only knew what was going on he also profited from the spoils. Millions were handed over by a Chinese company with close

connections – like all major businesses in China – to the Chinese communist party of President Xi Jinping. Joe Biden even boasted at a meeting of the Cult’s World Economic Forum that as vice president he had ordered the government of Ukraine to fire a prosecutor. What he didn’t mention was that the same man just happened to be investigating an energy company which was part of Hunter Biden’s corrupt portfolio. The company was paying him big bucks for no other reason than the influence his father had. Overnight Biden’s presidential campaign should have been over given that he had lied publicly about not knowing what his son was doing. Instead almost the entire Sabbatian-owned mainstream media and Sabbatianowned Silicon Valley suppressed circulation of the story. This alone went a mighty way to rigging the election of 2020. Cult assets like Mark Zuckerberg at Facebook also spent hundreds of millions to be used in support of Biden and vote ‘administration’. The Cult had used Trump as the focus to divide America and was now desperate to bring in moronic, pliable, corrupt Biden to complete the double-whammy. No way were they going to let li le things like the will of the people thwart their plan. Silicon Valley widely censored claims that the election was rigged because it was rigged. For the same reason anyone claiming it was rigged was denounced as a ‘white supremacist’ including the pathetically few Republican politicians willing to say so. Right across the media where the claim was mentioned it was described as a ‘false claim’ even though these excuses for ‘journalists’ would have done no research into the subject whatsoever. Trump won seven million more votes than any si ing president had ever achieved while somehow a cognitively-challenged soon to be 78-year-old who was hidden away from the public for most of the campaign managed to win more votes than any presidential candidate in history. It makes no sense. You only had to see election rallies for both candidates to witness the enthusiasm for Trump and the apathy for Biden. Tens of thousands would a end Trump events while Biden was speaking in empty car parks with o en only television crews a ending and framing their shots to hide the fact that no one was there. It was pathetic to see

footage come to light of Biden standing at a podium making speeches only to TV crews and party fixers while reading the words wri en for him on massive Teleprompter screens. So, yes, those protestors on January 6th had a point about election rigging, but some were about to walk into a trap laid for them in Washington by the Cult Deep State and its QAnon Psyop. This was the Capitol Hill riot ludicrously dubbed an ‘insurrection’.

The spider and the fly Renegade Minds know there are not two ‘sides’ in politics, only one side, the Cult, working through all ‘sides’. It’s a stage show, a puppet show, to direct the perceptions of the population into focusing on diversions like parties and candidates while missing the puppeteers with their hands holding all the strings. The Capitol Hill ‘insurrection’ brings us back to the Li le Big Horn. Having created two distinct opposing groupings – Woke and Pushbackers – the trap was about to be sprung. Pushbackers were to be encircled and isolated by associating them all in the public mind with Trump and then labelling Trump as some sort of Confederate leader. I knew immediately that the Capitol riot was a set-up because of two things. One was how easy the rioters got into the building with virtually no credible resistance and secondly I could see – as with the ‘Covid’ hoax in the West at the start of 2020 – how the Cult could exploit the situation to move its agenda forward with great speed. My experience of Cult techniques and activities over more than 30 years has showed me that while they do exploit situations they haven’t themselves created this never happens with events of fundamental agenda significance. Every time major events giving cultists the excuse to rapidly advance their plan you find they are manipulated into being for the specific reason of providing that excuse – ProblemReaction-Solution. Only a tiny minority of the huge crowd of Washington protestors sought to gain entry to the Capitol by smashing windows and breaching doors. That didn’t ma er. The whole crowd and all Pushbackers, even if they did not support Trump, were going to be lumped together as dangerous

insurrectionists and conspiracy theorists. The la er term came into widespread use through a CIA memo in the 1960s aimed at discrediting those questioning the nonsensical official story of the Kennedy assassination and it subsequently became widely employed by the media. It’s still being used by inept ‘journalists’ with no idea of its origin to discredit anyone questioning anything that authority claims to be true. When you are perpetrating a conspiracy you need to discredit the very word itself even though the dictionary definition of conspiracy is merely ‘the activity of secretly planning with other people to do something bad or illegal‘ and ‘a general agreement to keep silent about a subject for the purpose of keeping it secret’. On that basis there are conspiracies almost wherever you look. For obvious reasons the Cult and its lapdog media have to claim there are no conspiracies even though the word appears in state laws as with conspiracy to defraud, to murder, and to corrupt public morals. Agent provocateurs are widely used by the Cult Deep State to manipulate genuine people into acting in ways that suit the desired outcome. By genuine in this case I mean protestors genuinely supporting Trump and claims that the election was stolen. In among them, however, were agents of the state wearing the garb of Trump supporters and QAnon to pump-prime the Capital riot which some genuine Trump supporters naively fell for. I described the situation as ‘Come into my parlour said the spider to the fly’. Leaflets appeared through the Woke paramilitary arm Antifa, the anti-fascist fascists, calling on supporters to turn up in Washington looking like Trump supporters even though they hated him. Some of those arrested for breaching the Capitol Building were sourced to Antifa and its stable mate Black Lives Ma er. Both organisations are funded by Cult billionaires and corporations. One man charged for the riot was according to his lawyer a former FBI agent who had held top secret security clearance for 40 years. A orney Thomas Plofchan said of his client, 66-year-old Thomas Edward Caldwell: He has held a Top Secret Security Clearance since 1979 and has undergone multiple Special Background Investigations in support of his clearances. After retiring from the Navy, he

worked as a section chief for the Federal Bureau of Investigation from 2009-2010 as a GS-12 [mid-level employee]. He also formed and operated a consulting firm performing work, often classified, for U.S government customers including the US. Drug Enforcement Agency, Department of Housing and Urban Development, the US Coast Guard, and the US Army Personnel Command.

A judge later released Caldwell pending trial in the absence of evidence about a conspiracy or that he tried to force his way into the building. The New York Post reported a ‘law enforcement source‘ as saying that ‘at least two known Antifa members were spo ed’ on camera among Trump supporters during the riot while one of the rioters arrested was John Earle Sullivan, a seriously extreme Black Lives Ma er Trump-hater from Utah who was previously arrested and charged in July, 2020, over a BLM-Antifa riot in which drivers were threatened and one was shot. Sullivan is the founder of Utahbased Insurgence USA which is an affiliate of the Cult-created-andfunded Black Lives Ma er movement. Footage appeared and was then deleted by Twi er of Trump supporters calling out Antifa infiltrators and a group was filmed changing into pro-Trump clothing before the riot. Security at the building was pathetic – as planned. Colonel Leroy Fletcher Prouty, a man with long experience in covert operations working with the US security apparatus, once described the tell-tale sign to identify who is involved in an assassination. He said: No one has to direct an assassination – it happens. The active role is played secretly by permitting it to happen. This is the greatest single clue. Who has the power to call off or reduce the usual security precautions?

This principle applies to many other situations and certainly to the Capitol riot of January 6th, 2021.

The sting With such a big and potentially angry crowd known to be gathering near the Capitol the security apparatus would have had a major police detail to defend the building with National Guard troops on

standby given the strength of feeling among people arriving from all over America encouraged by the QAnon Psyop and statements by Donald Trump. Instead Capitol Police ‘security’ was flimsy, weak, and easily breached. The same number of officers was deployed as on a regular day and that is a blatant red flag. They were not staffed or equipped for a possible riot that had been an obvious possibility in the circumstances. No protective and effective fencing worth the name was put in place and there were no contingency plans. The whole thing was basically a case of standing aside and waving people in. Once inside police mostly backed off apart from one Capitol police officer who ridiculously shot dead unarmed Air Force veteran protestor Ashli Babbi without a warning as she climbed through a broken window. The ‘investigation’ refused to name or charge the officer a er what must surely be considered a murder in the circumstances. They just li ed a carpet and swept. The story was endlessly repeated about five people dying in the ‘armed insurrection’ when there was no report of rioters using weapons. Apart from Babbi the other four died from a heart a ack, strokes and apparently a drug overdose. Capitol police officer Brian Sicknick was reported to have died a er being bludgeoned with a fire extinguisher when he was alive a er the riot was over and died later of what the Washington Medical Examiner’s Office said was a stroke. Sicknick had no external injuries. The lies were delivered like rapid fire. There was a narrative to build with incessant repetition of the lie until the lie became the accepted ‘everybody knows that’ truth. The ‘Big Lie’ technique of Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels is constantly used by the Cult which was behind the Nazis and is today behind the ‘Covid’ and ‘climate change’ hoaxes. Goebbels said: If you tell a lie big enough and keep repeating it, people will eventually come to believe it. The lie can be maintained only for such time as the State can shield the people from the political, economic and/or military consequences of the lie. It thus becomes vitally important for the State to use all of its powers to repress dissent, for the truth is the mortal enemy of the lie, and thus by extension, the truth is the greatest enemy of the State.

Most protestors had a free run of the Capitol Building. This allowed pictures to be taken of rioters in iconic parts of the building including the Senate chamber which could be used as propaganda images against all Pushbackers. One Congresswoman described the scene as ‘the worst kind of non-security anybody could ever imagine’. Well, the first part was true, but someone obviously did imagine it and made sure it happened. Some photographs most widely circulated featured people wearing QAnon symbols and now the Psyop would be used to dub all QAnon followers with the ubiquitous fit-all label of ‘white supremacist’ and ‘insurrectionists’. When a Muslim extremist called Noah Green drove his car at two police officers at the Capitol Building killing one in April, 2021, there was no such political and media hysteria. They were just disappointed he wasn’t white.

The witch-hunt Government prosecutor Michael Sherwin, an aggressive, dark-eyed, professional Ro weiler led the ‘investigation’ and to call it over the top would be to understate reality a thousand fold. Hundreds were tracked down and arrested for the crime of having the wrong political views and people were jailed who had done nothing more than walk in the building, commi ed no violence or damage to property, took a few pictures and le . They were labelled a ‘threat to the Republic’ while Biden sat in the White House signing executive orders wri en for him that were dismantling ‘the Republic’. Even when judges ruled that a mother and son should not be in jail the government kept them there. Some of those arrested have been badly beaten by prison guards in Washington and lawyers for one man said he suffered a fractured skull and was made blind in one eye. Meanwhile a woman is shot dead for no reason by a Capitol Police officer and we are not allowed to know who he is never mind what has happened to him although that will be nothing. The Cult’s QAnon/Trump sting to identify and isolate Pushbackers and then target them on the road to crushing and deleting them was a resounding success. You would have thought the Russians had

invaded the building at gunpoint and lined up senators for a firing squad to see the political and media reaction. Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is a child in a woman’s body, a terribletwos, me, me, me, Woker narcissist of such proportions that words have no meaning. She said she thought she was going to die when ‘insurrectionists’ banged on her office door. It turned out she wasn’t even in the Capitol Building when the riot was happening and the ‘banging’ was a Capitol Police officer. She referred to herself as a ‘survivor’ which is an insult to all those true survivors of violent and sexual abuse while she lives her pampered and privileged life talking drivel for a living. Her Woke colleague and fellow meganarcissist Rashida Tlaib broke down describing the devastating effect on her, too, of not being in the building when the rioters were there. Ocasio-Cortez and Tlaib are members of a fully-Woke group of Congresswomen known as ‘The Squad’ along with Ilhan Omar and Ayanna Pressley. The Squad from what I can see can be identified by its vehement anti-white racism, anti-white men agenda, and, as always in these cases, the absence of brain cells on active duty. The usual suspects were on the riot case immediately in the form of Democrat ultra-Zionist senators and operatives Chuck Schumer and Adam Schiff demanding that Trump be impeached for ‘his part in the insurrection’. The same pair of prats had led the failed impeachment of Trump over the invented ‘Russia collusion’ nonsense which claimed Russia had helped Trump win the 2016 election. I didn’t realise that Tel Aviv had been relocated just outside Moscow. I must find an up-to-date map. The Russia hoax was a Sabbatian operation to keep Trump occupied and impotent and to stop any rapport with Russia which the Cult wants to retain as a perceptual enemy to be pulled out at will. Puppet Biden began a acking Russia when he came to office as the Cult seeks more upheaval, division and war across the world. A two-year stage show ‘Russia collusion inquiry’ headed by the not-very-bright former 9/11 FBI chief Robert Mueller, with support from 19 lawyers, 40 FBI agents plus intelligence analysts, forensic accountants and other

staff, devoured tens of millions of dollars and found no evidence of Russia collusion which a ten-year-old could have told them on day one. Now the same moronic Schumer and Schiff wanted a second impeachment of Trump over the Capitol ‘insurrection’ (riot) which the arrested development of Schumer called another ‘Pearl Harbor’ while others compared it with 9/11 in which 3,000 died and, in the case of CNN, with the Rwandan genocide in the 1990s in which an estimated 500,000 to 600,000 were murdered, between 250, 000 and 500,000 women were raped, and populations of whole towns were hacked to death with machetes. To make those comparisons purely for Cult political reasons is beyond insulting to those that suffered and lost their lives and confirms yet again the callous inhumanity that we are dealing with. Schumer is a monumental idiot and so is Schiff, but they serve the Cult agenda and do whatever they’re told so they get looked a er. Talking of idiots – another inane man who spanned the Russia and Capitol impeachment a empts was Senator Eric Swalwell who had the nerve to accuse Trump of collusion with the Russians while sleeping with a Chinese spy called Christine Fang or ‘Fang Fang’ which is straight out of a Bond film no doubt starring Klaus Schwab as the bloke living on a secret island and controlling laser weapons positioned in space and pointing at world capitals. Fang Fang plays the part of Bond’s infiltrator girlfriend which I’m sure she would enjoy rather more than sharing a bed with the brainless Swalwell, lying back and thinking of China. The FBI eventually warned Swalwell about Fang Fang which gave her time to escape back to the Chinese dictatorship. How very thoughtful of them. The second Trump impeachment also failed and hardly surprising when an impeachment is supposed to remove a si ing president and by the time it happened Trump was no longer president. These people are running your country America, well, officially anyway. Terrifying isn’t it?

Outcomes tell the story - always The outcome of all this – and it’s the outcome on which Renegade Minds focus, not the words – was that a vicious, hysterical and

obviously pre-planned assault was launched on Pushbackers to censor, silence and discredit them and even targeted their right to earn a living. They have since been condemned as ‘domestic terrorists’ that need to be treated like Al-Qaeda and Islamic State. ‘Domestic terrorists’ is a label the Cult has been trying to make stick since the period of the Oklahoma bombing in 1995 which was blamed on ‘far-right domestic terrorists’. If you read The Trigger you will see that the bombing was clearly a Problem-Reaction-Solution carried out by the Deep State during a Bill Clinton administration so corrupt that no dictionary definition of the term would even nearly suffice. Nearly 30, 000 troops were deployed from all over America to the empty streets of Washington for Biden’s inauguration. Ten thousand of them stayed on with the pretext of protecting the capital from insurrectionists when it was more psychological programming to normalise the use of the military in domestic law enforcement in support of the Cult plan for a police-military state. Biden’s fascist administration began a purge of ‘wrong-thinkers’ in the military which means anyone that is not on board with Woke. The Capitol Building was surrounded by a fence with razor wire and the Land of the Free was further symbolically and literally dismantled. The circle was completed with the installation of Biden and the exploitation of the QAnon Psyop. America had never been so divided since the civil war of the 19th century, Pushbackers were isolated and dubbed terrorists and now, as was always going to happen, the Cult immediately set about deleting what li le was le of freedom and transforming American society through a swish of the hand of the most controlled ‘president’ in American history leading (officially at least) the most extreme regime since the country was declared an independent state on July 4th, 1776. Biden issued undebated, dictatorial executive orders almost by the hour in his opening days in office across the whole spectrum of the Cult wish-list including diluting controls on the border with Mexico allowing thousands of migrants to illegally enter the United States to transform the demographics of America and import an election-changing number of perceived Democrat

voters. Then there were Biden deportation amnesties for the already illegally resident (estimated to be as high as 20 or even 30 million). A bill before Congress awarded American citizenship to anyone who could prove they had worked in agriculture for just 180 days in the previous two years as ‘Big Ag’ secured its slave labour long-term. There were the plans to add new states to the union such as Puerto Rico and making Washington DC a state. They are all parts of a plan to ensure that the Cult-owned Woke Democrats would be permanently in power.

Border – what border? I have exposed in detail in other books how mass immigration into the United States and Europe is the work of Cult networks fuelled by the tens of billions spent to this and other ends by George Soros and his global Open Society (open borders) Foundations. The impact can be seen in America alone where the population has increased by 100 million in li le more than 30 years mostly through immigration. I wrote in The Answer that the plan was to have so many people crossing the southern border that the numbers become unstoppable and we are now there under Cult-owned Biden. El Salvador in Central America puts the scale of what is happening into context. A third of the population now lives in the United States, much of it illegally, and many more are on the way. The methodology is to crush Central and South American countries economically and spread violence through machete-wielding psychopathic gangs like MS-13 based in El Salvador and now operating in many American cities. Biden-imposed lax security at the southern border means that it is all but open. He said before his ‘election’ that he wanted to see a surge towards the border if he became president and that was the green light for people to do just that a er election day to create the human disaster that followed for both America and the migrants. When that surge came the imbecilic Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez said it wasn’t a ‘surge’ because they are ‘children, not insurgents’ and the term ‘surge’ (used by Biden) was a claim of ‘white supremacists’.

This disingenuous lady may one day enter the realm of the most basic intelligence, but it won’t be any time soon. Sabbatians and the Cult are in the process of destroying America by importing violent people and gangs in among the genuine to terrorise American cities and by overwhelming services that cannot cope with the sheer volume of new arrivals. Something similar is happening in Europe as Western society in general is targeted for demographic and cultural transformation and upheaval. The plan demands violence and crime to create an environment of intimidation, fear and division and Soros has been funding the election of district a orneys across America who then stop prosecuting many crimes, reduce sentences for violent crimes and free as many violent criminals as they can. Sabbatians are creating the chaos from which order – their order – can respond in a classic Problem-Reaction-Solution. A Freemasonic moto says ‘Ordo Ab Chao’ (Order out of Chaos) and this is why the Cult is constantly creating chaos to impose a new ‘order’. Here you have the reason the Cult is constantly creating chaos. The ‘Covid’ hoax can be seen with those entering the United States by plane being forced to take a ‘Covid’ test while migrants flooding through southern border processing facilities do not. Nothing is put in the way of mass migration and if that means ignoring the government’s own ‘Covid’ rules then so be it. They know it’s all bullshit anyway. Any pushback on this is denounced as ‘racist’ by Wokers and Sabbatian fronts like the ultra-Zionist Anti-Defamation League headed by the appalling Jonathan Greenbla which at the same time argues that Israel should not give citizenship and voting rights to more Palestinian Arabs or the ‘Jewish population’ (in truth the Sabbatian network) will lose control of the country.

Society-changing numbers Biden’s masters have declared that countries like El Salvador are so dangerous that their people must be allowed into the United States for humanitarian reasons when there are fewer murders in large parts of many Central American countries than in US cities like

Baltimore. That is not to say Central America cannot be a dangerous place and Cult-controlled American governments have been making it so since way back, along with the dismantling of economies, in a long-term plan to drive people north into the United States. Parts of Central America are very dangerous, but in other areas the story is being greatly exaggerated to justify relaxing immigration criteria. Migrants are being offered free healthcare and education in the United States as another incentive to head for the border and there is no requirement to be financially independent before you can enter to prevent the resources of America being drained. You can’t blame migrants for seeking what they believe will be a be er life, but they are being played by the Cult for dark and nefarious ends. The numbers since Biden took office are huge. In February, 2021, more than 100,000 people were known to have tried to enter the US illegally through the southern border (it was 34,000 in the same month in 2020) and in March it was 170,000 – a 418 percent increase on March, 2020. These numbers are only known people, not the ones who get in unseen. The true figure for migrants illegally crossing the border in a single month was estimated by one congressman at 250,000 and that number will only rise under Biden’s current policy. Gangs of murdering drug-running thugs that control the Mexican side of the border demand money – thousands of dollars – to let migrants cross the Rio Grande into America. At the same time gun ba les are breaking out on the border several times a week between rival Mexican drug gangs (which now operate globally) who are equipped with sophisticated military-grade weapons, grenades and armoured vehicles. While the Capitol Building was being ‘protected’ from a non-existent ‘threat’ by thousands of troops, and others were still deployed at the time in the Cult Neocon war in Afghanistan, the southern border of America was le to its fate. This is not incompetence, it is cold calculation. By March, 2021, there were 17,000 unaccompanied children held at border facilities and many of them are ensnared by people traffickers for paedophile rings and raped on their journey north to America. This is not conjecture – this is fact. Many of those designated

children are in reality teenage boys or older. Meanwhile Wokers posture their self-purity for encouraging poor and tragic people to come to America and face this nightmare both on the journey and at the border with the disgusting figure of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi giving disingenuous speeches about caring for migrants. The woman’s evil. Wokers condemned Trump for having children in cages at the border (so did Obama, Shhhh), but now they are sleeping on the floor without access to a shower with one border facility 729 percent over capacity. The Biden insanity even proposed flying migrants from the southern border to the northern border with Canada for ‘processing’. The whole shambles is being overseen by ultra-Zionist Secretary of Homeland Security, the moronic liar Alejandro Mayorkas, who banned news cameras at border facilities to stop Americans seeing what was happening. Mayorkas said there was not a ban on news crews; it was just that they were not allowed to film. Alongside him at Homeland Security is another ultra-Zionist Cass Sunstein appointed by Biden to oversee new immigration laws. Sunstein despises conspiracy researchers to the point where he suggests they should be banned or taxed for having such views. The man is not bonkers or anything. He’s perfectly well-adjusted, but adjusted to what is the question. Criticise what is happening and you are a ‘white supremacist’ when earlier non-white immigrants also oppose the numbers which effect their lives and opportunities. Black people in poor areas are particularly damaged by uncontrolled immigration and the increased competition for work opportunities with those who will work for less. They are also losing voting power as Hispanics become more dominant in former black areas. It’s a downward spiral for them while the billionaires behind the policy drone on about how much they care about black people and ‘racism’. None of this is about compassion for migrants or black people – that’s just wind and air. Migrants are instead being mercilessly exploited to transform America while the countries they leave are losing their future and the same is true in Europe. Mass immigration may now be the work of Woke Democrats, but it can be traced back to the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (it

wasn’t) signed into law by Republican hero President Ronald Reagan which gave amnesty to millions living in the United States illegally and other incentives for people to head for the southern border. Here we have the one-party state at work again.

Save me syndrome Almost every aspect of what I have been exposing as the Cult agenda was on display in even the first days of ‘Biden’ with silencing of Pushbackers at the forefront of everything. A Renegade Mind will view the Trump years and QAnon in a very different light to their supporters and advocates as the dots are connected. The QAnon/Trump Psyop has given the Cult all it was looking for. We may not know how much, or li le, that Trump realised he was being used, but that’s a side issue. This pincer movement produced the desired outcome of dividing America and having Pushbackers isolated. To turn this around we have to look at new routes to empowerment which do not include handing our power to other people and groups through what I will call the ‘Save Me Syndrome’ – ‘I want someone else to do it so that I don’t have to’. We have seen this at work throughout human history and the QAnon/Trump Psyop is only the latest incarnation alongside all the others. Religion is an obvious expression of this when people look to a ‘god’ or priest to save them or tell them how to be saved and then there are ‘save me’ politicians like Trump. Politics is a diversion and not a ‘saviour’. It is a means to block positive change, not make it possible. Save Me Syndrome always comes with the same repeating theme of handing your power to whom or what you believe will save you while your real ‘saviour’ stares back from the mirror every morning. Renegade Minds are constantly vigilant in this regard and always asking the question ‘What can I do?’ rather than ‘What can someone else do for me?’ Gandhi was right when he said: ‘You must be the change you want to see in the world.’ We are indeed the people we have been waiting for. We are presented with a constant ra of reasons to concede that power to others and forget where the real power is. Humanity has the numbers and the Cult does not. It has to

use diversion and division to target the unstoppable power that comes from unity. Religions, governments, politicians, corporations, media, QAnon, are all different manifestations of this powerdiversion and dilution. Refusing to give your power to governments and instead handing it to Trump and QAnon is not to take a new direction, but merely to recycle the old one with new names on the posters. I will explore this phenomenon as we proceed and how to break the cycles and recycles that got us here through the mists of repeating perception and so repeating history. For now we shall turn to the most potent example in the entire human story of the consequences that follow when you give your power away. I am talking, of course, of the ‘Covid’ hoax.

CHAPTER FOUR ‘Covid’: Calculated catastrophe Facts are threatening to those invested in fraud DaShanne Stokes

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e can easily unravel the real reason for the ‘Covid pandemic’ hoax by employing the Renegade Mind methodology that I have outlined this far. We’ll start by comparing the long-planned Cult outcome with the ‘Covid pandemic’ outcome. Know the outcome and you’ll see the journey. I have highlighted the plan for the Hunger Games Society which has been in my books for so many years with the very few controlling the very many through ongoing dependency. To create this dependency it is essential to destroy independent livelihoods, businesses and employment to make the population reliant on the state (the Cult) for even the basics of life through a guaranteed pi ance income. While independence of income remained these Cult ambitions would be thwarted. With this knowledge it was easy to see where the ‘pandemic’ hoax was going once talk of ‘lockdowns’ began and the closing of all but perceived ‘essential’ businesses to ‘save’ us from an alleged ‘deadly virus’. Cult corporations like Amazon and Walmart were naturally considered ‘essential’ while mom and pop shops and stores had their doors closed by fascist decree. As a result with every new lockdown and new regulation more small and medium, even large businesses not owned by the Cult, went to the wall while Cult giants and their frontmen and women grew financially fa er by the second. Mom and pop were

denied an income and the right to earn a living and the wealth of people like Jeff Bezos (Amazon), Mark Zuckerberg (Facebook) and Sergei Brin and Larry Page (Google/Alphabet) have reached record levels. The Cult was increasing its own power through further dramatic concentrations of wealth while the competition was being destroyed and brought into a state of dependency. Lockdowns have been instigated to secure that very end and were never anything to do with health. My brother Paul spent 45 years building up a bus repair business, but lockdowns meant buses were running at a fraction of normal levels for months on end. Similar stories can told in their hundreds of millions worldwide. Efforts of a lifetime coldly destroyed by Cult multi-billionaires and their lackeys in government and law enforcement who continued to earn their living from the taxation of the people while denying the right of the same people to earn theirs. How different it would have been if those making and enforcing these decisions had to face the same financial hardships of those they affected, but they never do.

Gates of Hell Behind it all in the full knowledge of what he is doing and why is the psychopathic figure of Cult operative Bill Gates. His puppet Tedros at the World Health Organization declared ‘Covid’ a pandemic in March, 2020. The WHO had changed the definition of a ‘pandemic’ in 2009 just a month before declaring the ‘swine flu pandemic’ which would not have been so under the previous definition. The same applies to ‘Covid’. The definition had included… ‘an infection by an infectious agent, occurring simultaneously in different countries, with a significant mortality rate relative to the proportion of the population infected’. The new definition removed the need for ‘significant mortality’. The ‘pandemic’ has been fraudulent even down to the definition, but Gates demanded economy-destroying lockdowns, school closures, social distancing, mandatory masks, a ‘vaccination’ for every man, woman and child on the planet and severe consequences and restrictions for those that refused. Who gave him this power? The

Cult did which he serves like a li le boy in short trousers doing what his daddy tells him. He and his psychopathic missus even smiled when they said that much worse was to come (what they knew was planned to come). Gates responded in the ma er-of-fact way of all psychopaths to a question about the effect on the world economy of what he was doing: Well, it won’t go to zero but it will shrink. Global GDP is probably going to take the biggest hit ever [Gates was smiling as he said this] … in my lifetime this will be the greatest economic hit. But you don’t have a choice. People act as if you have a choice. People don’t feel like going to the stadium when they might get infected … People are deeply affected by seeing these stats, by knowing they could be part of the transmission chain, old people, their parents and grandparents, could be affected by this, and so you don’t get to say ignore what is going on here. There will be the ability to open up, particularly in rich countries, if things are done well over the next few months, but for the world at large normalcy only returns when we have largely vaccinated the entire population.

The man has no compassion or empathy. How could he when he’s a psychopath like all Cult players? My own view is that even beyond that he is very seriously mentally ill. Look in his eyes and you can see this along with his crazy flailing arms. You don’t do what he has done to the world population since the start of 2020 unless you are mentally ill and at the most extreme end of psychopathic. You especially don’t do it when to you know, as we shall see, that cases and deaths from ‘Covid’ are fakery and a product of monumental figure massaging. ‘These stats’ that Gates referred to are based on a ‘test’ that’s not testing for the ‘virus’ as he has known all along. He made his fortune with big Cult support as an infamously ruthless so ware salesman and now buys global control of ‘health’ (death) policy without the population he affects having any say. It’s a breathtaking outrage. Gates talked about people being deeply affected by fear of ‘Covid’ when that was because of him and his global network lying to them minute-by-minute supported by a lying media that he seriously influences and funds to the tune of hundreds of millions. He’s handed big sums to media operations including the BBC, NBC, Al Jazeera, Univision, PBS NewsHour,

ProPublica, National Journal, The Guardian, The Financial Times, The Atlantic, Texas Tribune, USA Today publisher Ganne , Washington Monthly, Le Monde, Center for Investigative Reporting, Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, National Press Foundation, International Center for Journalists, Solutions Journalism Network, the Poynter Institute for Media Studies, and many more. Gates is everywhere in the ‘Covid’ hoax and the man must go to prison – or a mental facility – for the rest of his life and his money distributed to those he has taken such enormous psychopathic pleasure in crushing.

The Muscle The Hunger Games global structure demands a police-military state – a fusion of the two into one force – which viciously imposes the will of the Cult on the population and protects the Cult from public rebellion. In that regard, too, the ‘Covid’ hoax just keeps on giving. O en unlawful, ridiculous and contradictory ‘Covid’ rules and regulations have been policed across the world by moronic automatons and psychopaths made faceless by face-nappy masks and acting like the Nazi SS and fascist blackshirts and brownshirts of Hitler and Mussolini. The smallest departure from the rules decreed by the psychos in government and their clueless gofers were jumped upon by the face-nappy fascists. Brutality against public protestors soon became commonplace even on girls, women and old people as the brave men with the batons – the Face-Nappies as I call them – broke up peaceful protests and handed out fines like confe i to people who couldn’t earn a living let alone pay hundreds of pounds for what was once an accepted human right. Robot Face-Nappies of No ingham police in the English East Midlands fined one group £11,000 for a ending a child’s birthday party. For decades I charted the transformation of law enforcement as genuine, decent officers were replaced with psychopaths and the brain dead who would happily and brutally do whatever their masters told them. Now they were let loose on the public and I would emphasise the point that none of this just happened. The step-by-step change in the dynamic between police and public was orchestrated from the shadows by

those who knew where this was all going and the same with the perceptual reframing of those in all levels of authority and official administration through ‘training courses’ by organisations such as Common Purpose which was created in the late 1980s and given a massive boost in Blair era Britain until it became a global phenomenon. Supposed public ‘servants’ began to view the population as the enemy and the same was true of the police. This was the start of the explosion of behaviour manipulation organisations and networks preparing for the all-war on the human psyche unleashed with the dawn of 2020. I will go into more detail about this later in the book because it is a core part of what is happening. Police desecrated beauty spots to deter people gathering and arrested women for walking in the countryside alone ‘too far’ from their homes. We had arrogant, clueless sergeants in the Isle of Wight police where I live posting on Facebook what they insisted the population must do or else. A schoolmaster sergeant called Radford looked young enough for me to ask if his mother knew he was out, but he was posting what he expected people to do while a Sergeant Wilkinson boasted about fining lads for meeting in a McDonald’s car park where they went to get a lockdown takeaway. Wilkinson added that he had even cancelled their order. What a pair of prats these people are and yet they have increasingly become the norm among Jackboot Johnson’s Yellowshirts once known as the British police. This was the theme all over the world with police savagery common during lockdown protests in the United States, the Netherlands, and the fascist state of Victoria in Australia under its tyrannical and again moronic premier Daniel Andrews. Amazing how tyrannical and moronic tend to work as a team and the same combination could be seen across America as arrogant, narcissistic Woke governors and mayors such as Gavin Newsom (California), Andrew Cuomo (New York), Gretchen Whitmer (Michigan), Lori Lightfoot (Chicago) and Eric Garce i (Los Angeles) did their Nazi and Stalin impressions with the full support of the compliant brutality of their enforcers in uniform as they arrested small business owners defying

fascist shutdown orders and took them to jail in ankle shackles and handcuffs. This happened to bistro owner Marlena Pavlos-Hackney in Gretchen Whitmer’s fascist state of Michigan when police arrived to enforce an order by a state-owned judge for ‘pu ing the community at risk’ at a time when other states like Texas were dropping restrictions and migrants were pouring across the southern border without any ‘Covid’ questions at all. I’m sure there are many officers appalled by what they are ordered to do, but not nearly enough of them. If they were truly appalled they would not do it. As the months passed every opportunity was taken to have the military involved to make their presence on the streets ever more familiar and ‘normal’ for the longer-term goal of police-military fusion. Another crucial element to the Hunger Games enforcement network has been encouraging the public to report neighbours and others for ‘breaking the lockdown rules’. The group faced with £11,000 in fines at the child’s birthday party would have been dobbed-in by a neighbour with a brain the size of a pea. The technique was most famously employed by the Stasi secret police in communist East Germany who had public informants placed throughout the population. A police chief in the UK says his force doesn’t need to carry out ‘Covid’ patrols when they are flooded with so many calls from the public reporting other people for visiting the beach. Dorset police chief James Vaughan said people were so enthusiastic about snitching on their fellow humans they were now operating as an auxiliary arm of the police: ‘We are still ge ing around 400 reports a week from the public, so we will respond to reports …We won’t need to be doing hotspot patrols because people are very quick to pick the phone up and tell us.’ Vaughan didn’t say that this is a pillar of all tyrannies of whatever complexion and the means to hugely extend the reach of enforcement while spreading distrust among the people and making them wary of doing anything that might get them reported. Those narcissistic Isle of Wight sergeants Radford and Wilkinson never fail to add a link to their Facebook posts where the public can inform on their fellow slaves.

Neither would be self-aware enough to realise they were imitating the Stasi which they might well never have heard of. Government psychologists that I will expose later laid out a policy to turn communities against each other in the same way.

A coincidence? Yep, and I can knit fog I knew from the start of the alleged pandemic that this was a Cult operation. It presented limitless potential to rapidly advance the Cult agenda and exploit manipulated fear to demand that every man, woman and child on the planet was ‘vaccinated’ in a process never used on humans before which infuses self-replicating synthetic material into human cells. Remember the plan to transform the human body from a biological to a synthetic biological state. I’ll deal with the ‘vaccine’ (that’s not actually a vaccine) when I focus on the genetic agenda. Enough to say here that mass global ‘vaccination’ justified by this ‘new virus’ set alarms ringing a er 30 years of tracking these people and their methods. The ‘Covid’ hoax officially beginning in China was also a big red flag for reasons I will be explaining. The agenda potential was so enormous that I could dismiss any idea that the ‘virus’ appeared naturally. Major happenings with major agenda implications never occur without Cult involvement in making them happen. My questions were twofold in early 2020 as the media began its campaign to induce global fear and hysteria: Was this alleged infectious agent released on purpose by the Cult or did it even exist at all? I then did what I always do in these situations. I sat, observed and waited to see where the evidence and information would take me. By March and early April synchronicity was strongly – and ever more so since then – pointing me in the direction of there is no ‘virus’. I went public on that with derision even from swathes of the alternative media that voiced a scenario that the Chinese government released the ‘virus’ in league with Deep State elements in the United States from a toplevel bio-lab in Wuhan where the ‘virus’ is said to have first appeared. I looked at that possibility, but I didn’t buy it for several reasons. Deaths from the ‘virus’ did not in any way match what they

would have been with a ‘deadly bioweapon’ and it is much more effective if you sell the illusion of an infectious agent rather than having a real one unless you can control through injection who has it and who doesn’t. Otherwise you lose control of events. A made-up ‘virus’ gives you a blank sheet of paper on which you can make it do whatever you like and have any symptoms or mutant ‘variants’ you choose to add while a real infectious agent would limit you to what it actually does. A phantom disease allows you to have endless ludicrous ‘studies’ on the ‘Covid’ dollar to widen the perceived impact by inventing ever more ‘at risk’ groups including one study which said those who walk slowly may be almost four times more likely to die from the ‘virus’. People are in psychiatric wards for less. A real ‘deadly bioweapon’ can take out people in the hierarchy that are not part of the Cult, but essential to its operation. Obviously they don’t want that. Releasing a real disease means you immediately lose control of it. Releasing an illusory one means you don’t. Again it’s vital that people are extra careful when dealing with what they want to hear. A bioweapon unleashed from a Chinese laboratory in collusion with the American Deep State may fit a conspiracy narrative, but is it true? Would it not be far more effective to use the excuse of a ‘virus’ to justify the real bioweapon – the ‘vaccine’? That way your disease agent does not have to be transmi ed and arrives directly through a syringe. I saw a French virologist Luc Montagnier quoted in the alternative media as saying he had discovered that the alleged ‘new’ severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus , or SARS-CoV-2, was made artificially and included elements of the human immunodeficiency ‘virus’ (HIV) and a parasite that causes malaria. SARS-CoV-2 is alleged to trigger an alleged illness called Covid-19. I remembered Montagnier’s name from my research years before into claims that an HIV ‘retrovirus’ causes AIDs – claims that were demolished by Berkeley virologist Peter Duesberg who showed that no one had ever proved that HIV causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or AIDS. Claims that become accepted as fact, publicly and medically, with no proof whatsoever are an ever-recurring story that profoundly applies to

‘Covid’. Nevertheless, despite the lack of proof, Montagnier’s team at the Pasteur Institute in Paris had a long dispute with American researcher Robert Gallo over which of them discovered and isolated the HIV ‘virus’ and with no evidence found it to cause AIDS. You will see later that there is also no evidence that any ‘virus’ causes any disease or that there is even such a thing as a ‘virus’ in the way it is said to exist. The claim to have ‘isolated’ the HIV ‘virus’ will be presented in its real context as we come to the shocking story – and it is a story – of SARS-CoV-2 and so will Montagnier’s assertion that he identified the full SARS-CoV-2 genome.

Hoax in the making We can pick up the ‘Covid’ story in 2010 and the publication by the Rockefeller Foundation of a document called ‘Scenarios for the Future of Technology and International Development’. The inner circle of the Rockefeller family has been serving the Cult since John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) made his fortune with Standard Oil. It is less well known that the same Rockefeller – the Bill Gates of his day – was responsible for establishing what is now referred to as ‘Big Pharma’, the global network of pharmaceutical companies that make outrageous profits dispensing scalpel and drug ‘medicine’ and are obsessed with pumping vaccines in ever-increasing number into as many human arms and backsides as possible. John D. Rockefeller was the driving force behind the creation of the ‘education’ system in the United States and elsewhere specifically designed to program the perceptions of generations therea er. The Rockefeller family donated exceptionally valuable land in New York for the United Nations building and were central in establishing the World Health Organization in 1948 as an agency of the UN which was created from the start as a Trojan horse and stalking horse for world government. Now enter Bill Gates. His family and the Rockefellers have long been extremely close and I have seen genealogy which claims that if you go back far enough the two families fuse into the same bloodline. Gates has said that the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation was inspired by the Rockefeller Foundation and why not

when both are serving the same Cult? Major tax-exempt foundations are overwhelmingly criminal enterprises in which Cult assets fund the Cult agenda in the guise of ‘philanthropy’ while avoiding tax in the process. Cult operatives can become mega-rich in their role of front men and women for the psychopaths at the inner core and they, too, have to be psychopaths to knowingly serve such evil. Part of the deal is that a big percentage of the wealth gleaned from representing the Cult has to be spent advancing the ambitions of the Cult and hence you have the Rockefeller Foundation, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (and so many more) and people like George Soros with his global Open Society Foundations spending their billions in pursuit of global Cult control. Gates is a global public face of the Cult with his interventions in world affairs including Big Tech influence; a central role in the ‘Covid’ and ‘vaccine’ scam; promotion of the climate change shakedown; manipulation of education; geoengineering of the skies; and his food-control agenda as the biggest owner of farmland in America, his GMO promotion and through other means. As one writer said: ‘Gates monopolizes or wields disproportionate influence over the tech industry, global health and vaccines, agriculture and food policy (including biopiracy and fake food), weather modification and other climate technologies, surveillance, education and media.’ The almost limitless wealth secured through Microso and other not-allowedto-fail ventures (including vaccines) has been ploughed into a long, long list of Cult projects designed to enslave the entire human race. Gates and the Rockefellers have been working as one unit with the Rockefeller-established World Health Organization leading global ‘Covid’ policy controlled by Gates through his mouth-piece Tedros. Gates became the WHO’s biggest funder when Trump announced that the American government would cease its donations, but Biden immediately said he would restore the money when he took office in January, 2021. The Gates Foundation (the Cult) owns through limitless funding the world health system and the major players across the globe in the ‘Covid’ hoax.

Okay, with that background we return to that Rockefeller Foundation document of 2010 headed ‘Scenarios for the Future of Technology and International Development’ and its ‘imaginary’ epidemic of a virulent and deadly influenza strain which infected 20 percent of the global population and killed eight million in seven months. The Rockefeller scenario was that the epidemic destroyed economies, closed shops, offices and other businesses and led to governments imposing fierce rules and restrictions that included mandatory wearing of face masks and body-temperature checks to enter communal spaces like railway stations and supermarkets. The document predicted that even a er the height of the Rockefellerenvisaged epidemic the authoritarian rule would continue to deal with further pandemics, transnational terrorism, environmental crises and rising poverty. Now you may think that the Rockefellers are our modern-day seers or alternatively, and rather more likely, that they well knew what was planned a few years further on. Fascism had to be imposed, you see, to ‘protect citizens from risk and exposure’. The Rockefeller scenario document said: During the pandemic, national leaders around the world flexed their authority and imposed airtight rules and restrictions, from the mandatory wearing of face masks to body-temperature checks at the entries to communal spaces like train stations and supermarkets. Even after the pandemic faded, this more authoritarian control and oversight of citizens and their activities stuck and even intensified. In order to protect themselves from the spread of increasingly global problems – from pandemics and transnational terrorism to environmental crises and rising poverty – leaders around the world took a firmer grip on power. At first, the notion of a more controlled world gained wide acceptance and approval. Citizens willingly gave up some of their sovereignty – and their privacy – to more paternalistic states in exchange for greater safety and stability. Citizens were more tolerant, and even eager, for topdown direction and oversight, and national leaders had more latitude to impose order in the ways they saw fit. In developed countries, this heightened oversight took many forms: biometric IDs for all citizens, for example, and tighter regulation of key industries whose stability was deemed vital to national interests. In many developed countries, enforced cooperation with a suite of new regulations and agreements slowly but steadily restored both order and, importantly, economic growth.

There we have the prophetic Rockefellers in 2010 and three years later came their paper for the Global Health Summit in Beijing, China, when government representatives, the private sector, international organisations and groups met to discuss the next 100 years of ‘global health’. The Rockefeller Foundation-funded paper was called ‘Dreaming the Future of Health for the Next 100 Years and more prophecy ensued as it described a dystopian future: ‘The abundance of data, digitally tracking and linking people may mean the ‘death of privacy’ and may replace physical interaction with transient, virtual connection, generating isolation and raising questions of how values are shaped in virtual networks.’ Next in the ‘Covid’ hoax preparation sequence came a ‘table top’ simulation in 2018 for another ‘imaginary’ pandemic of a disease called Clade X which was said to kill 900 million people. The exercise was organised by the Gates-funded Johns Hopkins University’s Center for Health Security in the United States and this is the very same university that has been compiling the disgustingly and systematically erroneous global figures for ‘Covid’ cases and deaths. Similar Johns Hopkins health crisis scenarios have included the Dark Winter exercise in 2001 and Atlantic Storm in 2005.

Nostradamus 201 For sheer predictive genius look no further prophecy-watchers than the Bill Gates-funded Event 201 held only six weeks before the ‘coronavirus pandemic’ is supposed to have broken out in China and Event 201 was based on a scenario of a global ‘coronavirus pandemic’. Melinda Gates, the great man’s missus, told the BBC that he had ‘prepared for years’ for a coronavirus pandemic which told us what we already knew. Nostradamugates had predicted in a TED talk in 2015 that a pandemic was coming that would kill a lot of people and demolish the world economy. My god, the man is a machine – possibly even literally. Now here he was only weeks before the real thing funding just such a simulated scenario and involving his friends and associates at Johns Hopkins, the World Economic Forum Cult-front of Klaus Schwab, the United Nations,

Johnson & Johnson, major banks, and officials from China and the Centers for Disease Control in the United States. What synchronicity – Johns Hopkins would go on to compile the fraudulent ‘Covid’ figures, the World Economic Forum and Schwab would push the ‘Great Reset’ in response to ‘Covid’, the Centers for Disease Control would be at the forefront of ‘Covid’ policy in the United States, Johnson & Johnson would produce a ‘Covid vaccine’, and everything would officially start just weeks later in China. Spooky, eh? They were even accurate in creating a simulation of a ‘virus’ pandemic because the ‘real thing’ would also be a simulation. Event 201 was not an exercise preparing for something that might happen; it was a rehearsal for what those in control knew was going to happen and very shortly. Hours of this simulation were posted on the Internet and the various themes and responses mirrored what would soon be imposed to transform human society. News stories were inserted and what they said would be commonplace a few weeks later with still more prophecy perfection. Much discussion focused on the need to deal with misinformation and the ‘anti-vax movement’ which is exactly what happened when the ‘virus’ arrived – was said to have arrived – in the West. Cult-owned social media banned criticism and exposure of the official ‘virus’ narrative and when I said there was no ‘virus’ in early April, 2020, I was banned by one platform a er another including YouTube, Facebook and later Twi er. The mainstream broadcast media in Britain was in effect banned from interviewing me by the Tony-Blair-created government broadcasting censor Ofcom headed by career government bureaucrat Melanie Dawes who was appointed just as the ‘virus’ hoax was about to play out in January, 2020. At the same time the Ickonic media platform was using Vimeo, another ultra-Zionist-owned operation, while our own player was being created and they deleted in an instant hundreds of videos, documentaries, series and shows to confirm their unbelievable vindictiveness. We had copies, of course, and they had to be restored one by one when our player was ready. These people have no class. Sabbatian Facebook promised free advertisements for the Gates-

controlled World Health Organization narrative while deleting ‘false claims and conspiracy theories’ to stop ‘misinformation’ about the alleged coronavirus. All these responses could be seen just a short while earlier in the scenarios of Event 201. Extreme censorship was absolutely crucial for the Cult because the official story was so ridiculous and unsupportable by the evidence that it could never survive open debate and the free-flow of information and opinion. If you can’t win a debate then don’t have one is the Cult’s approach throughout history. Facebook’s li le boy front man – front boy – Mark Zuckerberg equated ‘credible and accurate information’ with official sources and exposing their lies with ‘misinformation’.

Silencing those that can see The censorship dynamic of Event 201 is now the norm with an army of narrative-supporting ‘fact-checker’ organisations whose entire reason for being is to tell the public that official narratives are true and those exposing them are lying. One of the most appalling of these ‘fact-checkers’ is called NewsGuard founded by ultra-Zionist Americans Gordon Crovitz and Steven Brill. Crovitz is a former publisher of The Wall Street Journal, former Executive Vice President of Dow Jones, a member of the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), and on the board of the American Association of Rhodes Scholars. The CFR and Rhodes Scholarships, named a er Rothschild agent Cecil Rhodes who plundered the gold and diamonds of South Africa for his masters and the Cult, have featured widely in my books. NewsGuard don’t seem to like me for some reason – I really can’t think why – and they have done all they can to have me censored and discredited which is, to quote an old British politician, like being savaged by a dead sheep. They are, however, like all in the censorship network, very well connected and funded by organisations themselves funded by, or connected to, Bill Gates. As you would expect with anything associated with Gates NewsGuard has an offshoot called HealthGuard which ‘fights online health care hoaxes’. How very kind. Somehow the NewsGuard European Managing Director Anna-Sophie Harling, a remarkably young-

looking woman with no broadcasting experience and li le hands-on work in journalism, has somehow secured a position on the ‘Content Board’ of UK government broadcast censor Ofcom. An executive of an organisation seeking to discredit dissidents of the official narratives is making decisions for the government broadcast ‘regulator’ about content?? Another appalling ‘fact-checker’ is Full Fact funded by George Soros and global censors Google and Facebook. It’s amazing how many activists in the ‘fact-checking’, ‘anti-hate’, arena turn up in government-related positions – people like UK Labour Party activist Imran Ahmed who heads the Center for Countering Digital Hate founded by people like Morgan McSweeney, now chief of staff to the Labour Party’s hapless and useless ‘leader’ Keir Starmer. Digital Hate – which is what it really is – uses the American spelling of Center to betray its connection to a transatlantic network of similar organisations which in 2020 shapeshi ed from a acking people for ‘hate’ to a acking them for questioning the ‘Covid’ hoax and the dangers of the ‘Covid vaccine’. It’s just a coincidence, you understand. This is one of Imran Ahmed’s hysterical statements: ‘I would go beyond calling anti-vaxxers conspiracy theorists to say they are an extremist group that pose a national security risk.’ No one could ever accuse this prat of understatement and he’s including in that those parents who are now against vaccines a er their children were damaged for life or killed by them. He’s such a nice man. Ahmed does the rounds of the Woke media ge ing so -ball questions from spineless ‘journalists’ who never ask what right he has to campaign to destroy the freedom of speech of others while he demands it for himself. There also seems to be an overrepresentation in Ofcom of people connected to the narrative-worshipping BBC. This incredible global network of narrative-support was super-vital when the ‘Covid’ hoax was played in the light of the mega-whopper lies that have to be defended from the spotlight cast by the most basic intelligence.

Setting the scene

The Cult plays the long game and proceeds step-by-step ensuring that everything is in place before major cards are played and they don’t come any bigger than the ‘Covid’ hoax. The psychopaths can’t handle events where the outcome isn’t certain and as li le as possible – preferably nothing – is le to chance. Politicians, government and medical officials who would follow direction were brought to illusory power in advance by the Cult web whether on the national stage or others like state governors and mayors of America. For decades the dynamic between officialdom, law enforcement and the public was changed from one of service to one of control and dictatorship. Behaviour manipulation networks established within government were waiting to impose the coming ‘Covid’ rules and regulations specifically designed to subdue and rewire the psyche of the people in the guise of protecting health. These included in the UK the Behavioural Insights Team part-owned by the British government Cabinet Office; the Scientific Pandemic Insights Group on Behaviours (SPI-B); and a whole web of intelligence and military groups seeking to direct the conversation on social media and control the narrative. Among them are the cyberwarfare (on the people) 77th Brigade of the British military which is also coordinated through the Cabinet Office as civilian and military leadership continues to combine in what they call the Fusion Doctrine. The 77th Brigade is a British equivalent of the infamous Israeli (Sabbatian) military cyberwarfare and Internet manipulation operation Unit 8200 which I expose at length in The Trigger. Also carefully in place were the medical and science advisers to government – many on the payroll past or present of Bill Gates – and a whole alternative structure of unelected government stood by to take control when elected parliaments were effectively closed down once the ‘Covid’ card was slammed on the table. The structure I have described here and so much more was installed in every major country through the Cult networks. The top-down control hierarchy looks like this: The Cult – Cult-owned Gates – the World Health Organization and Tedros – Gates-funded or controlled chief medical officers and science ‘advisers’ (dictators) in each country –

political ‘leaders’– law enforcement – The People. Through this simple global communication and enforcement structure the policy of the Cult could be imposed on virtually the entire human population so long as they acquiesced to the fascism. With everything in place it was time for the bu on to be pressed in late 2019/early 2020. These were the prime goals the Cult had to secure for its will to prevail: 1) Locking down economies, closing all but designated ‘essential’ businesses (Cult-owned corporations were ‘essential’), and pu ing the population under house arrest was an imperative to destroy independent income and employment and ensure dependency on the Cult-controlled state in the Hunger Games Society. Lockdowns had to be established as the global blueprint from the start to respond to the ‘virus’ and followed by pre y much the entire world. 2) The global population had to be terrified into believing in a deadly ‘virus’ that didn’t actually exist so they would unquestioningly obey authority in the belief that authority must know how best to protect them and their families. So ware salesman Gates would suddenly morph into the world’s health expert and be promoted as such by the Cult-owned media. 3) A method of testing that wasn’t testing for the ‘virus’, but was only claimed to be, had to be in place to provide the illusion of ‘cases’ and subsequent ‘deaths’ that had a very different cause to the ‘Covid-19’ that would be scribbled on the death certificate. 4) Because there was no ‘virus’ and the great majority testing positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’ would have no symptoms of anything the lie had to be sold that people without symptoms (without the ‘virus’) could still pass it on to others. This was crucial to justify for the first time quarantining – house arresting – healthy people. Without this the economy-destroying lockdown of everybody could not have been credibly sold. 5) The ‘saviour’ had to be seen as a vaccine which beyond evil drug companies were working like angels of mercy to develop as quickly as possible, with all corners cut, to save the day. The public must absolutely not know that the ‘vaccine’ had nothing to do with a ‘virus’ or that the contents were ready and waiting with a very different motive long before the ‘Covid’ card was even li ed from the pack.

I said in March, 2020, that the ‘vaccine’ would have been created way ahead of the ‘Covid’ hoax which justified its use and the following December an article in the New York Intelligencer magazine said the Moderna ‘vaccine’ had been ‘designed’ by

January, 2020. This was ‘before China had even acknowledged that the disease could be transmi ed from human to human, more than a week before the first confirmed coronavirus case in the United States’. The article said that by the time the first American death was announced a month later ‘the vaccine had already been manufactured and shipped to the National Institutes of Health for the beginning of its Phase I clinical trial’. The ‘vaccine’ was actually ‘designed’ long before that although even with this timescale you would expect the article to ask how on earth it could have been done that quickly. Instead it asked why the ‘vaccine’ had not been rolled out then and not months later. Journalism in the mainstream is truly dead. I am going to detail in the next chapter why the ‘virus’ has never existed and how a hoax on that scale was possible, but first the foundation on which the Big Lie of ‘Covid’ was built.

The test that doesn’t test Fraudulent ‘testing’ is the bo om line of the whole ‘Covid’ hoax and was the means by which a ‘virus’ that did not exist appeared to exist. They could only achieve this magic trick by using a test not testing for the ‘virus’. To use a test that was testing for the ‘virus’ would mean that every test would come back negative given there was no ‘virus’. They chose to exploit something called the RT-PCR test invented by American biochemist Kary Mullis in the 1980s who said publicly that his PCR test … cannot detect infectious disease. Yes, the ‘test’ used worldwide to detect infectious ‘Covid’ to produce all the illusory ‘cases’ and ‘deaths’ compiled by Johns Hopkins and others cannot detect infectious disease. This fact came from the mouth of the man who invented PCR and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993 for doing so. Sadly, and incredibly conveniently for the Cult, Mullis died in August, 2019, at the age of 74 just before his test would be fraudulently used to unleash fascism on the world. He was said to have died from pneumonia which was an irony in itself. A few months later he would have had ‘Covid-19’ on his death certificate. I say the timing of his death was convenient because had he lived Mullis, a brilliant, honest and decent man, would have been

vociferously speaking out against the use of his test to detect ‘Covid’ when it was never designed, or able, to do that. I know that to be true given that Mullis made the same point when his test was used to ‘detect’ – not detect – HIV. He had been seriously critical of the Gallo/Montagnier claim to have isolated the HIV ‘virus’ and shown it to cause AIDS for which Mullis said there was no evidence. AIDS is actually not a disease but a series of diseases from which people die all the time. When they die from those same diseases a er a positive ‘test’ for HIV then AIDS goes on their death certificate. I think I’ve heard that before somewhere. Countries instigated a policy with ‘Covid’ that anyone who tested positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’ and died of any other cause within 28 days and even longer ‘Covid-19’ had to go on the death certificate. Cases have come from the test that can’t test for infectious disease and the deaths are those who have died of anything a er testing positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’. I’ll have much more later about the death certificate scandal. Mullis was deeply dismissive of the now US ‘Covid’ star Anthony Fauci who he said was a liar who didn’t know anything about anything – ‘and I would say that to his face – nothing.’ He said of Fauci: ‘The man thinks he can take a blood sample, put it in an electron microscope and if it’s got a virus in there you’ll know it – he doesn’t understand electron microscopy and he doesn’t understand medicine and shouldn’t be in a position like he’s in.’ That position, terrifyingly, has made him the decider of ‘Covid’ fascism policy on behalf of the Cult in his role as director since 1984 of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) while his record of being wrong is laughable; but being wrong, so long as it’s the right kind of wrong, is why the Cult loves him. He’ll say anything the Cult tells him to say. Fauci was made Chief Medical Adviser to the President immediately Biden took office. Biden was installed in the White House by Cult manipulation and one of his first decisions was to elevate Fauci to a position of even more control. This is a coincidence? Yes, and I identify as a flamenco dancer called Lola. How does such an incompetent criminal like Fauci remain in that

pivotal position in American health since the 1980s? When you serve the Cult it looks a er you until you are surplus to requirements. Kary Mullis said prophetically of Fauci and his like: ‘Those guys have an agenda and it’s not an agenda we would like them to have … they make their own rules, they change them when they want to, and Tony Fauci does not mind going on television in front of the people who pay his salary and lie directly into the camera.’ Fauci has done that almost daily since the ‘Covid’ hoax began. Lying is in Fauci’s DNA. To make the situation crystal clear about the PCR test this is a direct quote from its inventor Kary Mullis: It [the PCR test] doesn’t tell you that you’re sick and doesn’t tell you that the thing you ended up with was really going to hurt you ...’

Ask yourself why governments and medical systems the world over have been using this very test to decide who is ‘infected’ with the SARS-CoV-2 ‘virus’ and the alleged disease it allegedly causes, ‘Covid-19’. The answer to that question will tell you what has been going on. By the way, here’s a li le show-stopper – the ‘new’ SARSCoV-2 ‘virus’ was ‘identified’ as such right from the start using … the PCR test not testing for the ‘virus’. If you are new to this and find that shocking then stick around. I have hardly started yet. Even worse, other ‘tests’, like the ‘Lateral Flow Device’ (LFD), are considered so useless that they have to be confirmed by the PCR test! Leaked emails wri en by Ben Dyson, adviser to UK ‘Health’ Secretary Ma Hancock, said they were ‘dangerously unreliable’. Dyson, executive director of strategy at the Department of Health, wrote: ‘As of today, someone who gets a positive LFD result in (say) London has at best a 25 per cent chance of it being a true positive, but if it is a selfreported test potentially as low as 10 per cent (on an optimistic assumption about specificity) or as low as 2 per cent (on a more pessimistic assumption).’ These are the ‘tests’ that schoolchildren and the public are being urged to have twice a week or more and have to isolate if they get a positive. Each fake positive goes in the statistics as a ‘case’ no ma er how ludicrously inaccurate and the

‘cases’ drive lockdown, masks and the pressure to ‘vaccinate’. The government said in response to the email leak that the ‘tests’ were accurate which confirmed yet again what shocking bloody liars they are. The real false positive rate is 100 percent as we’ll see. In another ‘you couldn’t make it up’ the UK government agreed to pay £2.8 billion to California’s Innova Medical Group to supply the irrelevant lateral flow tests. The company’s primary test-making centre is in China. Innova Medical Group, established in March, 2020, is owned by Pasaca Capital Inc, chaired by Chinese-American millionaire Charles Huang who was born in Wuhan.

How it works – and how it doesn’t The RT-PCR test, known by its full title of Polymerase chain reaction, is used across the world to make millions, even billions, of copies of a DNA/RNA genetic information sample. The process is called ‘amplification’ and means that a tiny sample of genetic material is amplified to bring out the detailed content. I stress that it is not testing for an infectious disease. It is simply amplifying a sample of genetic material. In the words of Kary Mullis: ‘PCR is … just a process that’s used to make a whole lot of something out of something.’ To emphasise the point companies that make the PCR tests circulated around the world to ‘test’ for ‘Covid’ warn on the box that it can’t be used to detect ‘Covid’ or infectious disease and is for research purposes only. It’s okay, rest for a minute and you’ll be fine. This is the test that produces the ‘cases’ and ‘deaths’ that have been used to destroy human society. All those global and national medical and scientific ‘experts’ demanding this destruction to ‘save us’ KNOW that the test is not testing for the ‘virus’ and the cases and deaths they claim to be real are an almost unimaginable fraud. Every one of them and so many others including politicians and psychopaths like Gates and Tedros must be brought before Nuremburg-type trials and jailed for the rest of their lives. The more the genetic sample is amplified by PCR the more elements of that material become sensitive to the test and by that I don’t mean sensitive for a ‘virus’ but for elements of the genetic material which

is naturally in the body or relates to remnants of old conditions of various kinds lying dormant and causing no disease. Once the amplification of the PCR reaches a certain level everyone will test positive. So much of the material has been made sensitive to the test that everyone will have some part of it in their body. Even lying criminals like Fauci have said that once PCR amplifications pass 35 cycles everything will be a false positive that cannot be trusted for the reasons I have described. I say, like many proper doctors and scientists, that 100 percent of the ‘positives’ are false, but let’s just go with Fauci for a moment. He says that any amplification over 35 cycles will produce false positives and yet the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have recommended up to 40 cycles and the National Health Service (NHS) in Britain admi ed in an internal document for staff that it was using 45 cycles of amplification. A long list of other countries has been doing the same and at least one ‘testing’ laboratory has been using 50 cycles. Have you ever heard a doctor, medical ‘expert’ or the media ask what level of amplification has been used to claim a ‘positive’. The ‘test’ comes back ‘positive’ and so you have the ‘virus’, end of story. Now we can see how the government in Tanzania could send off samples from a goat and a pawpaw fruit under human names and both came back positive for ‘Covid-19’. Tanzania president John Magufuli mocked the ‘Covid’ hysteria, the PCR test and masks and refused to import the DNA-manipulating ‘vaccine’. The Cult hated him and an article sponsored by the Bill Gates Foundation appeared in the London Guardian in February, 2021, headed ‘It’s time for Africa to rein in Tanzania’s anti-vaxxer president’. Well, ‘reined in’ he shortly was. Magufuli appeared in good health, but then, in March, 2021, he was dead at 61 from ‘heart failure’. He was replaced by Samia Hassan Suhulu who is connected to Klaus Schwab’s World Economic Forum and she immediately reversed Magufuli’s ‘Covid’ policy. A sample of cola tested positive for ‘Covid’ with the PCR test in Germany while American actress and singer-songwriter Erykah Badu tested positive in one nostril and negative in the other. Footballer Ronaldo called

the PCR test ‘bullshit’ a er testing positive three times and being forced to quarantine and miss matches when there was nothing wrong with him. The mantra from Tedros at the World Health Organization and national governments (same thing) has been test, test, test. They know that the more tests they can generate the more fake ‘cases’ they have which go on to become ‘deaths’ in ways I am coming to. The UK government has its Operation Moonshot planned to test multiple millions every day in workplaces and schools with free tests for everyone to use twice a week at home in line with the Cult plan from the start to make testing part of life. A government advertisement for an ‘Interim Head of Asymptomatic Testing Communication’ said the job included responsibility for delivering a ‘communications strategy’ (propaganda) ‘to support the expansion of asymptomatic testing that ‘normalises testing as part of everyday life’. More tests means more fake ‘cases’, ‘deaths’ and fascism. I have heard of, and from, many people who booked a test, couldn’t turn up, and yet got a positive result through the post for a test they’d never even had. The whole thing is crazy, but for the Cult there’s method in the madness. Controlling and manipulating the level of amplification of the test means the authorities can control whenever they want the number of apparent ‘cases’ and ‘deaths’. If they want to justify more fascist lockdown and destruction of livelihoods they keep the amplification high. If they want to give the illusion that lockdowns and the ‘vaccine’ are working then they lower the amplification and ‘cases’ and ‘deaths’ will appear to fall. In January, 2021, the Cult-owned World Health Organization suddenly warned laboratories about over-amplification of the test and to lower the threshold. Suddenly headlines began appearing such as: ‘Why ARE “Covid” cases plummeting?’ This was just when the vaccine rollout was underway and I had predicted months before they would make cases appear to fall through amplification tampering when the ‘vaccine’ came. These people are so predictable.

Cow vaccines?

The question must be asked of what is on the test swabs being poked far up the nose of the population to the base of the brain? A nasal swab punctured one woman’s brain and caused it to leak fluid. Most of these procedures are being done by people with li le training or medical knowledge. Dr Lorraine Day, former orthopaedic trauma surgeon and Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery at San Francisco General Hospital, says the tests are really a ‘vaccine’. Cows have long been vaccinated this way. She points out that masks have to cover the nose and the mouth where it is claimed the ‘virus’ exists in saliva. Why then don’t they take saliva from the mouth as they do with a DNA test instead of pushing a long swab up the nose towards the brain? The ethmoid bone separates the nasal cavity from the brain and within that bone is the cribriform plate. Dr Day says that when the swab is pushed up against this plate and twisted the procedure is ‘depositing things back there’. She claims that among these ‘things’ are nanoparticles that can enter the brain. Researchers have noted that a team at the Gates-funded Johns Hopkins have designed tiny, star-shaped micro-devices that can latch onto intestinal mucosa and release drugs into the body. Mucosa is the thin skin that covers the inside surface of parts of the body such as the nose and mouth and produces mucus to protect them. The Johns Hopkins micro-devices are called ‘theragrippers’ and were ‘inspired’ by a parasitic worm that digs its sharp teeth into a host’s intestines. Nasal swabs are also coated in the sterilisation agent ethylene oxide. The US National Cancer Institute posts this explanation on its website: At room temperature, ethylene oxide is a flammable colorless gas with a sweet odor. It is used primarily to produce other chemicals, including antifreeze. In smaller amounts, ethylene oxide is used as a pesticide and a sterilizing agent. The ability of ethylene oxide to damage DNA makes it an effective sterilizing agent but also accounts for its cancer-causing activity.

The Institute mentions lymphoma and leukaemia as cancers most frequently reported to be associated with occupational exposure to ethylene oxide along with stomach and breast cancers. How does anyone think this is going to work out with the constant testing

regime being inflicted on adults and children at home and at school that will accumulate in the body anything that’s on the swab?

Doctors know best It is vital for people to realise that ‘hero’ doctors ‘know’ only what the Big Pharma-dominated medical authorities tell them to ‘know’ and if they refuse to ‘know’ what they are told to ‘know’ they are out the door. They are mostly not physicians or healers, but repeaters of the official narrative – or else. I have seen alleged professional doctors on British television make shocking statements that we are supposed to take seriously. One called ‘Dr’ Amir Khan, who is actually telling patients how to respond to illness, said that men could take the birth pill to ‘help slow down the effects of Covid-19’. In March, 2021, another ridiculous ‘Covid study’ by an American doctor proposed injecting men with the female sex hormone progesterone as a ‘Covid’ treatment. British doctor Nighat Arif told the BBC that face coverings were now going to be part of ongoing normal. Yes, the vaccine protects you, she said (evidence?) … but the way to deal with viruses in the community was always going to come down to hand washing, face covering and keeping a physical distance. That’s not what we were told before the ‘vaccine’ was circulating. Arif said she couldn’t imagine ever again going on the underground or in a li without a mask. I was just thanking my good luck that she was not my doctor when she said – in March, 2021 – that if ‘we are behaving and we are doing all the right things’ she thought we could ‘have our nearest and dearest around us at home … around Christmas and New Year! Her patronising delivery was the usual school teacher talking to six-year-olds as she repeated every government talking point and probably believed them all. If we have learned anything from the ‘Covid’ experience surely it must be that humanity’s perception of doctors needs a fundamental rethink. NHS ‘doctor’ Sara Kayat told her television audience that the ‘Covid vaccine’ would ‘100 percent prevent hospitalisation and death’. Not even Big Pharma claimed that. We have to stop taking ‘experts’ at their word without question when so many of them are

clueless and only repeating the party line on which their careers depend. That is not to say there are not brilliants doctors – there are and I have spoken to many of them since all this began – but you won’t see them in the mainstream media or quoted by the psychopaths and yes-people in government.

Remember the name – Christian Drosten German virologist Christian Drosten, Director of Charité Institute of Virology in Berlin, became a national star a er the pandemic hoax began. He was feted on television and advised the German government on ‘Covid’ policy. Most importantly to the wider world Drosten led a group that produced the ‘Covid’ testing protocol for the PCR test. What a remarkable feat given the PCR cannot test for infectious disease and even more so when you think that Drosten said that his method of testing for SARS-CoV-2 was developed ‘without having virus material available’. He developed a test for a ‘virus’ that he didn’t have and had never seen. Let that sink in as you survey the global devastation that came from what he did. The whole catastrophe of Drosten’s ‘test’ was based on the alleged genetic sequence published by Chinese scientists on the Internet. We will see in the next chapter that this alleged ‘genetic sequence’ has never been produced by China or anyone and cannot be when there is no SARS-CoV-2. Drosten, however, doesn’t seem to let li le details like that get in the way. He was the lead author with Victor Corman from the same Charité Hospital of the paper ‘Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time PCR‘ published in a magazine called Eurosurveillance. This became known as the Corman-Drosten paper. In November, 2020, with human society devastated by the effects of the Corman-Drosten test baloney, the protocol was publicly challenged by 22 international scientists and independent researchers from Europe, the United States, and Japan. Among them were senior molecular geneticists, biochemists, immunologists, and microbiologists. They produced a document headed ‘External peer review of the RTPCR test to detect SARS-Cov-2 Reveals 10 Major Flaws At The Molecular and Methodological Level: Consequences

For False-Positive Results’. The flaws in the Corman-Drosten test included the following: • The test is non-specific because of erroneous design • Results are enormously variable • The test is unable to discriminate between the whole ‘virus’ and viral fragments • It doesn’t have positive or negative controls • The test lacks a standard operating procedure • It is unsupported by proper peer view The scientists said the PCR ‘Covid’ testing protocol was not founded on science and they demanded the Corman-Drosten paper be retracted by Eurosurveillance. They said all present and previous Covid deaths, cases, and ‘infection rates’ should be subject to a massive retroactive inquiry. Lockdowns and travel restrictions should be reviewed and relaxed and those diagnosed through PCR to have ‘Covid-19’ should not be forced to isolate. Dr Kevin Corbe , a health researcher and nurse educator with a long academic career producing a stream of peer-reviewed publications at many UK universities, made the same point about the PCR test debacle. He said of the scientists’ conclusions: ‘Every scientific rationale for the development of that test has been totally destroyed by this paper. It’s like Hiroshima/Nagasaki to the Covid test.’ He said that China hadn’t given them an isolated ‘virus’ when Drosten developed the test. Instead they had developed the test from a sequence in a gene bank.’ Put another way … they made it up! The scientists were supported in this contention by a Portuguese appeals court which ruled in November, 2020, that PCR tests are unreliable and it is unlawful to quarantine people based solely on a PCR test. The point about China not providing an isolated virus must be true when the ‘virus’ has never been isolated to this day and the consequences of that will become clear. Drosten and company produced this useless ‘protocol’ right on cue in January, 2020, just as the ‘virus’ was said to

be moving westward and it somehow managed to successfully pass a peer-review in 24 hours. In other words there was no peer-review for a test that would be used to decide who had ‘Covid’ and who didn’t across the world. The Cult-created, Gates-controlled World Health Organization immediately recommended all its nearly 200 member countries to use the Drosten PCR protocol to detect ‘cases’ and ‘deaths’. The sting was underway and it continues to this day. So who is this Christian Drosten that produced the means through which death, destruction and economic catastrophe would be justified? His education background, including his doctoral thesis, would appear to be somewhat shrouded in mystery and his track record is dire as with another essential player in the ‘Covid’ hoax, the Gates-funded Professor Neil Ferguson at the Gates-funded Imperial College in London of whom more shortly. Drosten predicted in 2003 that the alleged original SARS ‘virus’ (SARS-1’) was an epidemic that could have serious effects on economies and an effective vaccine would take at least two years to produce. Drosten’s answer to every alleged ‘outbreak’ is a vaccine which you won’t be shocked to know. What followed were just 774 official deaths worldwide and none in Germany where there were only nine cases. That is even if you believe there ever was a SARS ‘virus’ when the evidence is zilch and I will expand on this in the next chapter. Drosten claims to be co-discoverer of ‘SARS-1’ and developed a test for it in 2003. He was screaming warnings about ‘swine flu’ in 2009 and how it was a widespread infection far more severe than any dangers from a vaccine could be and people should get vaccinated. It would be helpful for Drosten’s vocal chords if he simply recorded the words ‘the virus is deadly and you need to get vaccinated’ and copies could be handed out whenever the latest made-up threat comes along. Drosten’s swine flu epidemic never happened, but Big Pharma didn’t mind with governments spending hundreds of millions on vaccines that hardly anyone bothered to use and many who did wished they hadn’t. A study in 2010 revealed that the risk of dying from swine flu, or H1N1, was no higher than that of the annual seasonal flu which is what at least most of ‘it’ really was as in

the case of ‘Covid-19’. A media investigation into Drosten asked how with such a record of inaccuracy he could be the government adviser on these issues. The answer to that question is the same with Drosten, Ferguson and Fauci – they keep on giving the authorities the ‘conclusions’ and ‘advice’ they want to hear. Drosten certainly produced the goods for them in January, 2020, with his PCR protocol garbage and provided the foundation of what German internal medicine specialist Dr Claus Köhnlein, co-author of Virus Mania, called the ‘test pandemic’. The 22 scientists in the Eurosurveillance challenge called out conflicts of interest within the Drosten ‘protocol’ group and with good reason. Olfert Landt, a regular co-author of Drosten ‘studies’, owns the biotech company TIB Molbiol Syntheselabor GmbH in Berlin which manufactures and sells the tests that Drosten and his mates come up with. They have done this with SARS, Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), MERS, Zika ‘virus’, yellow fever, and now ‘Covid’. Landt told the Berliner Zeitung newspaper: The testing, design and development came from the Charité [Drosten and Corman]. We simply implemented it immediately in the form of a kit. And if we don’t have the virus, which originally only existed in Wuhan, we can make a synthetic gene to simulate the genome of the virus. That’s what we did very quickly.

This is more confirmation that the Drosten test was designed without access to the ‘virus’ and only a synthetic simulation which is what SARS-CoV-2 really is – a computer-generated synthetic fiction. It’s quite an enterprise they have going here. A Drosten team decides what the test for something should be and Landt’s biotech company flogs it to governments and medical systems across the world. His company must have made an absolute fortune since the ‘Covid’ hoax began. Dr Reiner Fuellmich, a prominent German consumer protection trial lawyer in Germany and California, is on Drosten’s case and that of Tedros at the World Health Organization for crimes against humanity with a class-action lawsuit being prepared in the United States and other legal action in Germany.

Why China? Scamming the world with a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist would seem impossible on the face of it, but not if you have control of the relatively few people that make policy decisions and the great majority of the global media. Remember it’s not about changing ‘real’ reality it’s about controlling perception of reality. You don’t have to make something happen you only have make people believe that it’s happening. Renegade Minds understand this and are therefore much harder to swindle. ‘Covid-19’ is not a ‘real’ ‘virus’. It’s a mind virus, like a computer virus, which has infected the minds, not the bodies, of billions. It all started, publically at least, in China and that alone is of central significance. The Cult was behind the revolution led by its asset Mao Zedong, or Chairman Mao, which established the People’s Republic of China on October 1st, 1949. It should have been called The Cult’s Republic of China, but the name had to reflect the recurring illusion that vicious dictatorships are run by and for the people (see all the ‘Democratic Republics’ controlled by tyrants). In the same way we have the ‘Biden’ Democratic Republic of America officially ruled by a puppet tyrant (at least temporarily) on behalf of Cult tyrants. The creation of Mao’s merciless communist/fascist dictatorship was part of a frenzy of activity by the Cult at the conclusion of World War Two which, like the First World War, it had instigated through its assets in Germany, Britain, France, the United States and elsewhere. Israel was formed in 1948; the Soviet Union expanded its ‘Iron Curtain’ control, influence and military power with the Warsaw Pact communist alliance in 1955; the United Nations was formed in 1945 as a Cult precursor to world government; and a long list of world bodies would be established including the World Health Organization (1948), World Trade Organization (1948 under another name until 1995), International Monetary Fund (1945) and World Bank (1944). Human society was redrawn and hugely centralised in the global Problem-ReactionSolution that was World War Two. All these changes were significant. Israel would become the headquarters of the Sabbatians

and the revolution in China would prepare the ground and control system for the events of 2019/2020. Renegade Minds know there are no borders except for public consumption. The Cult is a seamless, borderless global entity and to understand the game we need to put aside labels like borders, nations, countries, communism, fascism and democracy. These delude the population into believing that countries are ruled within their borders by a government of whatever shade when these are mere agencies of a global power. America’s illusion of democracy and China’s communism/fascism are subsidiaries – vehicles – for the same agenda. We may hear about conflict and competition between America and China and on the lower levels that will be true; but at the Cult level they are branches of the same company in the way of the McDonald’s example I gave earlier. I have tracked in the books over the years support by US governments of both parties for Chinese Communist Party infiltration of American society through allowing the sale of land, even military facilities, and the acquisition of American business and university influence. All this is underpinned by the infamous stealing of intellectual property and technological know-how. Cult-owned Silicon Valley corporations waive their fraudulent ‘morality’ to do business with human-rightsfree China; Cult-controlled Disney has become China’s PR department; and China in effect owns ‘American’ sports such as basketball which depends for much of its income on Chinese audiences. As a result any sports player, coach or official speaking out against China’s horrific human rights record is immediately condemned or fired by the China-worshipping National Basketball Association. One of the first acts of China-controlled Biden was to issue an executive order telling federal agencies to stop making references to the ‘virus’ by the ‘geographic location of its origin’. Long-time Congressman Jerry Nadler warned that criticising China, America’s biggest rival, leads to hate crimes against Asian people in the United States. So shut up you bigot. China is fast closing in on Israel as a country that must not be criticised which is apt, really, given that Sabbatians control them both. The two countries have

developed close economic, military, technological and strategic ties which include involvement in China’s ‘Silk Road’ transport and economic initiative to connect China with Europe. Israel was the first country in the Middle East to recognise the establishment of Mao’s tyranny in 1950 months a er it was established.

Project Wuhan – the ‘Covid’ Psyop I emphasise again that the Cult plays the long game and what is happening to the world today is the result of centuries of calculated manipulation following a script to take control step-by-step of every aspect of human society. I will discuss later the common force behind all this that has spanned those centuries and thousands of years if the truth be told. Instigating the Mao revolution in China in 1949 with a 2020 ‘pandemic’ in mind is not only how they work – the 71 years between them is really quite short by the Cult’s standards of manipulation preparation. The reason for the Cult’s Chinese revolution was to create a fiercely-controlled environment within which an extreme structure for human control could be incubated to eventually be unleashed across the world. We have seen this happen since the ‘pandemic’ emerged from China with the Chinese controlstructure founded on AI technology and tyrannical enforcement sweep across the West. Until the moment when the Cult went for broke in the West and put its fascism on public display Western governments had to pay some lip-service to freedom and democracy to not alert too many people to the tyranny-in-the-making. Freedoms were more subtly eroded and power centralised with covert government structures put in place waiting for the arrival of 2020 when that smokescreen of ‘freedom’ could be dispensed with. The West was not able to move towards tyranny before 2020 anything like as fast as China which was created as a tyranny and had no limits on how fast it could construct the Cult’s blueprint for global control. When the time came to impose that structure on the world it was the same Cult-owned Chinese communist/fascist government that provided the excuse – the ‘Covid pandemic’. It was absolutely crucial to the Cult plan for the Chinese response to the ‘pandemic’ –

draconian lockdowns of the entire population – to become the blueprint that Western countries would follow to destroy the livelihoods and freedom of their people. This is why the Cultowned, Gates-owned, WHO Director-General Tedros said early on: The Chinese government is to be congratulated for the extraordinary measures it has taken to contain the outbreak. China is actually setting a new standard for outbreak response and it is not an exaggeration.

Forbes magazine said of China: ‘… those measures protected untold millions from ge ing the disease’. The Rockefeller Foundation ‘epidemic scenario’ document in 2010 said ‘prophetically’: However, a few countries did fare better – China in particular. The Chinese government’s quick imposition and enforcement of mandatory quarantine for all citizens, as well as its instant and near-hermetic sealing off of all borders, saved millions of lives, stopping the spread of the virus far earlier than in other countries and enabling a swifter post-pandemic recovery.

Once again – spooky. The first official story was the ‘bat theory’ or rather the bat diversion. The source of the ‘virus outbreak’ we were told was a ‘‘wet market’ in Wuhan where bats and other animals are bought and eaten in horrifically unhygienic conditions. Then another story emerged through the alternative media that the ‘virus’ had been released on purpose or by accident from a BSL-4 (biosafety level 4) laboratory in Wuhan not far from the wet market. The lab was reported to create and work with lethal concoctions and bioweapons. Biosafety level 4 is the highest in the World Health Organization system of safety and containment. Renegade Minds are aware of what I call designer manipulation. The ideal for the Cult is for people to buy its prime narrative which in the opening salvoes of the ‘pandemic’ was the wet market story. It knows, however, that there is now a considerable worldwide alternative media of researchers sceptical of anything governments say and they are o en given a version of events in a form they can perceive as credible while misdirecting them from the real truth. In this case let them

think that the conspiracy involved is a ‘bioweapon virus’ released from the Wuhan lab to keep them from the real conspiracy – there is no ‘virus’. The WHO’s current position on the source of the outbreak at the time of writing appears to be: ‘We haven’t got a clue, mate.’ This is a good position to maintain mystery and bewilderment. The inner circle will know where the ‘virus’ came from – nowhere. The bo om line was to ensure the public believed there was a ‘virus’ and it didn’t much ma er if they thought it was natural or had been released from a lab. The belief that there was a ‘deadly virus’ was all that was needed to trigger global panic and fear. The population was terrified into handing their power to authority and doing what they were told. They had to or they were ‘all gonna die’. In March, 2020, information began to come my way from real doctors and scientists and my own additional research which had my intuition screaming: ‘Yes, that’s it! There is no virus.’ The ‘bioweapon’ was not the ‘virus’; it was the ‘vaccine’ already being talked about that would be the bioweapon. My conclusion was further enhanced by happenings in Wuhan. The ‘virus’ was said to be sweeping the city and news footage circulated of people collapsing in the street (which they’ve never done in the West with the same ‘virus’). The Chinese government was building ‘new hospitals’ in a ma er of ten days to ‘cope with demand’ such was the virulent nature of the ‘virus’. Yet in what seemed like no time the ‘new hospitals’ closed – even if they even opened – and China declared itself ‘virus-free’. It was back to business as usual. This was more propaganda to promote the Chinese draconian lockdowns in the West as the way to ‘beat the virus’. Trouble was that we subsequently had lockdown a er lockdown, but never business as usual. As the people of the West and most of the rest of the world were caught in an ever-worsening spiral of lockdown, social distancing, masks, isolated old people, families forced apart, and livelihood destruction, it was party-time in Wuhan. Pictures emerged of thousands of people enjoying pool parties and concerts. It made no sense until you realised there never was a ‘virus’ and the

whole thing was a Cult set-up to transform human society out of one its major global strongholds – China. How is it possible to deceive virtually the entire world population into believing there is a deadly virus when there is not even a ‘virus’ let alone a deadly one? It’s nothing like as difficult as you would think and that’s clearly true because it happened. See end of book Postscript for more on the ‘Wuhan lab virus release’ story which the authorities and media were pushing heavily in the summer of 2021 to divert a ention from the truth that the ‘Covid virus’ is pure invention. Postscript:

CHAPTER FIVE There

is no

‘virus’

You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of the people some of the time, but you cannot fool all of the people all of the time Abraham Lincoln

T

he greatest form of mind control is repetition. The more you repeat the same mantra of alleged ‘facts’ the more will accept them to be true. It becomes an ‘everyone knows that, mate’. If you can also censor any other version or alternative to your alleged ‘facts’ you are pre y much home and cooking. By the start of 2020 the Cult owned the global mainstream media almost in its entirety to spew out its ‘Covid’ propaganda and ignore or discredit any other information and view. Cult-owned social media platforms in Cult-owned Silicon Valley were poised and ready to unleash a campaign of ferocious censorship to obliterate all but the official narrative. To complete the circle many demands for censorship by Silicon Valley were led by the mainstream media as ‘journalists’ became full-out enforcers for the Cult both as propagandists and censors. Part of this has been the influx of young people straight out of university who have become ‘journalists’ in significant positions. They have no experience and a headful of programmed perceptions from their years at school and university at a time when today’s young are the most perceptually-targeted generations in known human history given the insidious impact of technology. They enter the media perceptually prepared and ready to repeat the narratives of the system that programmed them to

repeat its narratives. The BBC has a truly pathetic ‘specialist disinformation reporter’ called Marianna Spring who fits this bill perfectly. She is clueless about the world, how it works and what is really going on. Her role is to discredit anyone doing the job that a proper journalist would do and system-serving hacks like Spring wouldn’t dare to do or even see the need to do. They are too busy licking the arse of authority which can never be wrong and, in the case of the BBC propaganda programme, Panorama, contacting payments systems such as PayPal to have a donations page taken down for a film company making documentaries questioning vaccines. Even the BBC soap opera EastEnders included a disgracefully biased scene in which an inarticulate white working class woman was made to look foolish for questioning the ‘vaccine’ while a well-spoken black man and Asian woman promoted the government narrative. It ticked every BBC box and the fact that the black and minority community was resisting the ‘vaccine’ had nothing to do with the way the scene was wri en. The BBC has become a disgusting tyrannical propaganda and censorship operation that should be defunded and disbanded and a free media take its place with a brief to stop censorship instead of demanding it. A BBC ‘interview’ with Gates goes something like: ‘Mr Gates, sir, if I can call you sir, would you like to tell our audience why you are such a great man, a wonderful humanitarian philanthropist, and why you should absolutely be allowed as a so ware salesman to decide health policy for approaching eight billion people? Thank you, sir, please sir.’ Propaganda programming has been incessant and merciless and when all you hear is the same story from the media, repeated by those around you who have only heard the same story, is it any wonder that people on a grand scale believe absolute mendacious garbage to be true? You are about to see, too, why this level of information control is necessary when the official ‘Covid’ narrative is so nonsensical and unsupportable by the evidence.

Structure of Deceit

The pyramid structure through which the ‘Covid’ hoax has been manifested is very simple and has to be to work. As few people as possible have to be involved with full knowledge of what they are doing – and why – or the real story would get out. At the top of the pyramid are the inner core of the Cult which controls Bill Gates who, in turn, controls the World Health Organization through his pivotal funding and his puppet Director-General mouthpiece, Tedros. Before he was appointed Tedros was chair of the Gates-founded Global Fund to ‘fight against AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria’, a board member of the Gates-funded ‘vaccine alliance’ GAVI, and on the board of another Gates-funded organisation. Gates owns him and picked him for a specific reason – Tedros is a crook and worse. ‘Dr’ Tedros (he’s not a medical doctor, the first WHO chief not to be) was a member of the tyrannical Marxist government of Ethiopia for decades with all its human rights abuses. He has faced allegations of corruption and misappropriation of funds and was exposed three times for covering up cholera epidemics while Ethiopia’s health minister. Tedros appointed the mass-murdering genocidal Zimbabwe dictator Robert Mugabe as a WHO goodwill ambassador for public health which, as with Tedros, is like appointing a psychopath to run a peace and love campaign. The move was so ridiculous that he had to drop Mugabe in the face of widespread condemnation. American economist David Steinman, a Nobel peace prize nominee, lodged a complaint with the International Criminal Court in The Hague over alleged genocide by Tedros when he was Ethiopia’s foreign minister. Steinman says Tedros was a ‘crucial decision maker’ who directed the actions of Ethiopia’s security forces from 2013 to 2015 and one of three officials in charge when those security services embarked on the ‘killing’ and ‘torturing’ of Ethiopians. You can see where Tedros is coming from and it’s sobering to think that he has been the vehicle for Gates and the Cult to direct the global response to ‘Covid’. Think about that. A psychopathic Cult dictates to psychopath Gates who dictates to psychopath Tedros who dictates how countries of the world must respond to a ‘Covid virus’ never scientifically shown to exist. At the same time psychopathic Cult-owned Silicon Valley information

giants like Google, YouTube, Facebook and Twi er announced very early on that they would give the Cult/Gates/Tedros/WHO version of the narrative free advertising and censor those who challenged their intelligence-insulting, mendacious story. The next layer in the global ‘medical’ structure below the Cult, Gates and Tedros are the chief medical officers and science ‘advisers’ in each of the WHO member countries which means virtually all of them. Medical officers and arbiters of science (they’re not) then take the WHO policy and recommended responses and impose them on their country’s population while the political ‘leaders’ say they are deciding policy (they’re clearly not) by ‘following the science’ on the advice of the ‘experts’ – the same medical officers and science ‘advisers’ (dictators). In this way with the rarest of exceptions the entire world followed the same policy of lockdown, people distancing, masks and ‘vaccines’ dictated by the psychopathic Cult, psychopathic Gates and psychopathic Tedros who we are supposed to believe give a damn about the health of the world population they are seeking to enslave. That, amazingly, is all there is to it in terms of crucial decision-making. Medical staff in each country then follow like sheep the dictates of the shepherds at the top of the national medical hierarchies – chief medical officers and science ‘advisers’ who themselves follow like sheep the shepherds of the World Health Organization and the Cult. Shepherds at the national level o en have major funding and other connections to Gates and his Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation which carefully hands out money like confe i at a wedding to control the entire global medical system from the WHO down.

Follow the money Christopher Whi y, Chief Medical Adviser to the UK Government at the centre of ‘virus’ policy, a senior adviser to the government’s Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), and Executive Board member of the World Health Organization, was gi ed a grant of $40 million by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for malaria research in Africa. The BBC described the unelected Whi y as ‘the

official who will probably have the greatest impact on our everyday lives of any individual policymaker in modern times’ and so it turned out. What Gates and Tedros have said Whi y has done like his equivalents around the world. Patrick Vallance, co-chair of SAGE and the government’s Chief Scientific Adviser, is a former executive of Big Pharma giant GlaxoSmithKline with its fundamental financial and business connections to Bill Gates. In September, 2020, it was revealed that Vallance owned a deferred bonus of shares in GlaxoSmithKline worth £600,000 while the company was ‘developing’ a ‘Covid vaccine’. Move along now – nothing to see here – what could possibly be wrong with that? Imperial College in London, a major player in ‘Covid’ policy in Britain and elsewhere with its ‘Covid-19’ Response Team, is funded by Gates and has big connections to China while the now infamous Professor Neil Ferguson, the useless ‘computer modeller’ at Imperial College is also funded by Gates. Ferguson delivered the dramatically inaccurate excuse for the first lockdowns (much more in the next chapter). The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) in the United States, another source of outrageously false ‘Covid’ computer models to justify lockdowns, is bankrolled by Gates who is a vehement promotor of lockdowns. America’s version of Whi y and Vallance, the again now infamous Anthony Fauci, has connections to ‘Covid vaccine’ maker Moderna as does Bill Gates through funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Fauci is director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), a major recipient of Gates money, and they are very close. Deborah Birx who was appointed White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator in February, 2020, is yet another with ties to Gates. Everywhere you look at the different elements around the world behind the coordination and decision making of the ‘Covid’ hoax there is Bill Gates and his money. They include the World Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the United States; National Institutes of Health (NIH) of Anthony Fauci; Imperial College and Neil Ferguson; the London School of Hygiene where Chris Whi y worked; Regulatory agencies like the UK Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)

which gave emergency approval for ‘Covid vaccines’; Wellcome Trust; GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance; the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI); Johns Hopkins University which has compiled the false ‘Covid’ figures; and the World Economic Forum. A Nationalfile.com article said: Gates has a lot of pull in the medical world, he has a multi-million dollar relationship with Dr. Fauci, and Fauci originally took the Gates line supporting vaccines and casting doubt on [the drug hydroxychloroquine]. Coronavirus response team member Dr. Deborah Birx, appointed by former president Obama to serve as United States Global AIDS Coordinator, also sits on the board of a group that has received billions from Gates’ foundation, and Birx reportedly used a disputed Bill Gates-funded model for the White House’s Coronavirus effort. Gates is a big proponent for a population lockdown scenario for the Coronavirus outbreak.

Another funder of Moderna is the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the technology-development arm of the Pentagon and one of the most sinister organisations on earth. DARPA had a major role with the CIA covert technology-funding operation In-Q-Tel in the development of Google and social media which is now at the centre of global censorship. Fauci and Gates are extremely close and openly admit to talking regularly about ‘Covid’ policy, but then why wouldn’t Gates have a seat at every national ‘Covid’ table a er his Foundation commi ed $1.75 billion to the ‘fight against Covid-19’. When passed through our Orwellian Translation Unit this means that he has bought and paid for the Cultdriven ‘Covid’ response worldwide. Research the major ‘Covid’ response personnel in your own country and you will find the same Gates funding and other connections again and again. Medical and science chiefs following World Health Organization ‘policy’ sit atop a medical hierarchy in their country of administrators, doctors and nursing staff. These ‘subordinates’ are told they must work and behave in accordance with the policy delivered from the ‘top’ of the national ‘health’ pyramid which is largely the policy delivered by the WHO which is the policy delivered by Gates and the Cult. The whole ‘Covid’ narrative has been imposed on medical staff by a climate of fear although great numbers don’t even need that to comply. They do so through breathtaking levels of ignorance and

include doctors who go through life simply repeating what Big Pharma and their hierarchical masters tell them to say and believe. No wonder Big Pharma ‘medicine’ is one of the biggest killers on Planet Earth. The same top-down system of intimidation operates with regard to the Cult Big Pharma cartel which also dictates policy through national and global medical systems in this way. The Cult and Big Pharma agendas are the same because the former controls and owns the la er. ‘Health’ administrators, doctors, and nursing staff are told to support and parrot the dictated policy or they will face consequences which can include being fired. How sad it’s been to see medical staff meekly repeating and imposing Cult policy without question and most of those who can see through the deceit are only willing to speak anonymously off the record. They know what will happen if their identity is known. This has le the courageous few to expose the lies about the ‘virus’, face masks, overwhelmed hospitals that aren’t, and the dangers of the ‘vaccine’ that isn’t a vaccine. When these medical professionals and scientists, some renowned in their field, have taken to the Internet to expose the truth their articles, comments and videos have been deleted by Cult-owned Facebook, Twi er and YouTube. What a real head-shaker to see YouTube videos with leading world scientists and highly qualified medical specialists with an added link underneath to the notorious Cult propaganda website Wikipedia to find the ‘facts’ about the same subject.

HIV – the ‘Covid’ trial-run I’ll give you an example of the consequences for health and truth that come from censorship and unquestioning belief in official narratives. The story was told by PCR inventor Kary Mullis in his book Dancing Naked in the Mind Field. He said that in 1984 he accepted as just another scientific fact that Luc Montagnier of France’s Pasteur Institute and Robert Gallo of America’s National Institutes of Health had independently discovered that a ‘retrovirus’ dubbed HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) caused AIDS. They

were, a er all, Mullis writes, specialists in retroviruses. This is how the medical and science pyramids work. Something is announced or assumed and then becomes an everybody-knows-that purely through repetition of the assumption as if it is fact. Complete crap becomes accepted truth with no supporting evidence and only repetition of the crap. This is how a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist became the ‘virus’ that changed the world. The HIV-AIDS fairy story became a multibillion pound industry and the media poured out propaganda terrifying the world about the deadly HIV ‘virus’ that caused the lethal AIDS. By then Mullis was working at a lab in Santa Monica, California, to detect retroviruses with his PCR test in blood donations received by the Red Cross. In doing so he asked a virologist where he could find a reference for HIV being the cause of AIDS. ‘You don’t need a reference,’ the virologist said … ‘Everybody knows it.’ Mullis said he wanted to quote a reference in the report he was doing and he said he felt a li le funny about not knowing the source of such an important discovery when everyone else seemed to. The virologist suggested he cite a report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on morbidity and mortality. Mullis read the report, but it only said that an organism had been identified and did not say how. The report did not identify the original scientific work. Physicians, however, assumed (key recurring theme) that if the CDC was convinced that HIV caused AIDS then proof must exist. Mullis continues: I did computer searches. Neither Montagnier, Gallo, nor anyone else had published papers describing experiments which led to the conclusion that HIV probably caused AIDS. I read the papers in Science for which they had become well known as AIDS doctors, but all they had said there was that they had found evidence of a past infection by something which was probably HIV in some AIDS patients. They found antibodies. Antibodies to viruses had always been considered evidence of past disease, not present disease. Antibodies signaled that the virus had been defeated. The patient had saved himself. There was no indication in these papers that this virus caused a disease. They didn’t show that everybody with the antibodies had the disease. In fact they found some healthy people with antibodies.

Mullis asked why their work had been published if Montagnier and Gallo hadn’t really found this evidence, and why had they been fighting so hard to get credit for the discovery? He says he was hesitant to write ‘HIV is the probable cause of AIDS’ until he found published evidence to support that. ‘Tens of thousands of scientists and researchers were spending billions of dollars a year doing research based on this idea,’ Mullis writes. ‘The reason had to be there somewhere; otherwise these people would not have allowed their research to se le into one narrow channel of investigation.’ He said he lectured about PCR at numerous meetings where people were always talking about HIV and he asked them how they knew that HIV was the cause of AIDS: Everyone said something. Everyone had the answer at home, in the office, in some drawer. They all knew, and they would send me the papers as soon as they got back. But I never got any papers. Nobody ever sent me the news about how AIDS was caused by HIV.

Eventually Mullis was able to ask Montagnier himself about the reference proof when he lectured in San Diego at the grand opening of the University of California AIDS Research Center. Mullis says this was the last time he would ask his question without showing anger. Montagnier said he should reference the CDC report. ‘I read it’, Mullis said, and it didn’t answer the question. ‘If Montagnier didn’t know the answer who the hell did?’ Then one night Mullis was driving when an interview came on National Public Radio with Peter Duesberg, a prominent virologist at Berkeley and a California Scientist of the Year. Mullis says he finally understood why he could not find references that connected HIV to AIDS – there weren’t any! No one had ever proved that HIV causes AIDS even though it had spawned a multi-billion pound global industry and the media was repeating this as fact every day in their articles and broadcasts terrifying the shit out of people about AIDS and giving the impression that a positive test for HIV (see ‘Covid’) was a death sentence. Duesberg was a threat to the AIDS gravy train and the agenda that underpinned it. He was therefore abused and castigated a er he told the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

there was no good evidence implicating the new ‘virus’. Editors rejected his manuscripts and his research funds were deleted. Mullis points out that the CDC has defined AIDS as one of more than 30 diseases if accompanied by a positive result on a test that detects antibodies to HIV; but those same diseases are not defined as AIDS cases when antibodies are not detected: If an HIV-positive woman develops uterine cancer, for example, she is considered to have AIDS. If she is not HIV positive, she simply has uterine cancer. An HIV-positive man with tuberculosis has AIDS; if he tests negative he simply has tuberculosis. If he lives in Kenya or Colombia, where the test for HIV antibodies is too expensive, he is simply presumed to have the antibodies and therefore AIDS, and therefore he can be treated in the World Health Organization’s clinic. It’s the only medical help available in some places. And it’s free, because the countries that support WHO are worried about AIDS.

Mullis accuses the CDC of continually adding new diseases (see ever more ‘Covid symptoms’) to the grand AIDS definition and of virtually doctoring the books to make it appear as if the disease continued to spread. He cites how in 1993 the CDC enormously broadened its AIDS definition and county health authorities were delighted because they received $2,500 per year from the Federal government for every reported AIDS case. Ladies and gentlemen, I have just described, via Kary Mullis, the ‘Covid pandemic’ of 2020 and beyond. Every element is the same and it’s been pulled off in the same way by the same networks.

The ‘Covid virus’ exists? Okay – prove it. Er … still waiting What Kary Mullis described with regard to ‘HIV’ has been repeated with ‘Covid’. A claim is made that a new, or ‘novel’, infection has been found and the entire medical system of the world repeats that as fact exactly as they did with HIV and AIDS. No one in the mainstream asks rather relevant questions such as ‘How do you know?’ and ‘Where is your proof?’ The SARS-Cov-2 ‘virus’ and the ‘Covid-19 disease’ became an overnight ‘everybody-knows-that’. The origin could be debated and mulled over, but what you could not suggest was that ‘SARS-Cov-2’ didn’t exist. That would be

ridiculous. ‘Everybody knows’ the ‘virus’ exists. Well, I didn’t for one along with American proper doctors like Andrew Kaufman and Tom Cowan and long-time American proper journalist Jon Rappaport. We dared to pursue the obvious and simple question: ‘Where’s the evidence?’ The overwhelming majority in medicine, journalism and the general public did not think to ask that. A er all, everyone knew there was a new ‘virus’. Everyone was saying so and I heard it on the BBC. Some would eventually argue that the ‘deadly virus’ was nothing like as deadly as claimed, but few would venture into the realms of its very existence. Had they done so they would have found that the evidence for that claim had gone AWOL as with HIV causes AIDS. In fact, not even that. For something to go AWOL it has to exist in the first place and scientific proof for a ‘SARS-Cov-2’ can be filed under nothing, nowhere and zilch. Dr Andrew Kaufman is a board-certified forensic psychiatrist in New York State, a Doctor of Medicine and former Assistant Professor and Medical Director of Psychiatry at SUNY Upstate Medical University, and Medical Instructor of Hematology and Oncology at the Medical School of South Carolina. He also studied biology at the Massachuse s Institute of Technology (MIT) and trained in Psychiatry at Duke University. Kaufman is retired from allopathic medicine, but remains a consultant and educator on natural healing, I saw a video of his very early on in the ‘Covid’ hoax in which he questioned claims about the ‘virus’ in the absence of any supporting evidence and with plenty pointing the other way. I did everything I could to circulate his work which I felt was asking the pivotal questions that needed an answer. I can recommend an excellent pull-together interview he did with the website The Last Vagabond entitled Dr Andrew Kaufman: Virus Isolation, Terrain Theory and Covid-19 and his website is andrewkaufmanmd.com. Kaufman is not only a forensic psychiatrist; he is forensic in all that he does. He always reads original scientific papers, experiments and studies instead of second-third-fourth-hand reports about the ‘virus’ in the media which are repeating the repeated repetition of the narrative. When he did so with the original Chinese ‘virus’ papers Kaufman

realised that there was no evidence of a ‘SARS-Cov-2’. They had never – from the start – shown it to exist and every repeat of this claim worldwide was based on the accepted existence of proof that was nowhere to be found – see Kary Mullis and HIV. Here we go again.

Let’s postulate Kaufman discovered that the Chinese authorities immediately concluded that the cause of an illness that broke out among about 200 initial patients in Wuhan was a ‘new virus’ when there were no grounds to make that conclusion. The alleged ‘virus’ was not isolated from other genetic material in their samples and then shown through a system known as Koch’s postulates to be the causative agent of the illness. The world was told that the SARS-Cov-2 ‘virus’ caused a disease they called ‘Covid-19’ which had ‘flu-like’ symptoms and could lead to respiratory problems and pneumonia. If it wasn’t so tragic it would almost be funny. ‘Flu-like’ symptoms’? Pneumonia? Respiratory disease? What in CHINA and particularly in Wuhan, one of the most polluted cities in the world with a resulting epidemic of respiratory disease?? Three hundred thousand people get pneumonia in China every year and there are nearly a billion cases worldwide of ‘flu-like symptoms’. These have a whole range of causes – including pollution in Wuhan – but no other possibility was credibly considered in late 2019 when the world was told there was a new and deadly ‘virus’. The global prevalence of pneumonia and ‘flu-like systems’ gave the Cult networks unlimited potential to rediagnose these other causes as the mythical ‘Covid-19’ and that is what they did from the very start. Kaufman revealed how Chinese medical and science authorities (all subordinates to the Cult-owned communist government) took genetic material from the lungs of only a few of the first patients. The material contained their own cells, bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms living in their bodies. The only way you could prove the existence of the ‘virus’ and its responsibility for the alleged ‘Covid-19’ was to isolate the virus from all the other material – a process also known as ‘purification’ – and

then follow the postulates sequence developed in the late 19th century by German physician and bacteriologist Robert Koch which became the ‘gold standard’ for connecting an alleged causation agent to a disease: 1. The microorganism (bacteria, fungus, virus, etc.) must be present in every case of the disease and all patients must have the same symptoms. It must also not be present in healthy individuals. 2. The microorganism must be isolated from the host with the disease. If the microorganism is a bacteria or fungus it must be grown in a pure culture. If it is a virus, it must be purified (i.e. containing no other material except the virus particles) from a clinical sample. 3. The specific disease, with all of its characteristics, must be reproduced when the infectious agent (the purified virus or a pure culture of bacteria or fungi) is inoculated into a healthy, susceptible host. 4. The microorganism must be recoverable from the experimentally infected host as in step 2.

Not one of these criteria has been met in the case of ‘SARS-Cov-2’ and ‘Covid-19’. Not ONE. EVER. Robert Koch refers to bacteria and not viruses. What are called ‘viral particles’ are so minute (hence masks are useless by any definition) that they could only be seen a er the invention of the electron microscope in the 1930s and can still only be observed through that means. American bacteriologist and virologist Thomas Milton Rivers, the so-called ‘Father of Modern Virology’ who was very significantly director of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in the 1930s, developed a less stringent version of Koch’s postulates to identify ‘virus’ causation known as ‘Rivers criteria’. ‘Covid’ did not pass that process either. Some even doubt whether any ‘virus’ can be isolated from other particles containing genetic material in the Koch method. Freedom of Information requests in many countries asking for scientific proof that the ‘Covid virus’ has been purified and isolated and shown to exist have all come back with a ‘we don’t have that’ and when this happened with a request to the UK Department of Health they added this comment:

However, outside of the scope of the [Freedom of Information Act] and on a discretionary basis, the following information has been advised to us, which may be of interest. Most infectious diseases are caused by viruses, bacteria or fungi. Some bacteria or fungi have the capacity to grow on their own in isolation, for example in colonies on a petri dish. Viruses are different in that they are what we call ‘obligate pathogens’ – that is, they cannot survive or reproduce without infecting a host ... … For some diseases, it is possible to establish causation between a microorganism and a disease by isolating the pathogen from a patient, growing it in pure culture and reintroducing it to a healthy organism. These are known as ‘Koch’s postulates’ and were developed in 1882. However, as our understanding of disease and different disease-causing agents has advanced, these are no longer the method for determining causation [Andrew Kaufman asks why in that case are there two published articles falsely claiming to satisfy Koch’s postulates]. It has long been known that viral diseases cannot be identified in this way as viruses cannot be grown in ‘pure culture’. When a patient is tested for a viral illness, this is normally done by looking for the presence of antigens, or viral genetic code in a host with molecular biology techniques [Kaufman asks how you could know the origin of these chemicals without having a pure culture for comparison]. For the record ‘antigens’ are defined so: Invading microorganisms have antigens on their surface that the human body can recognise as being foreign – meaning not belonging to it. When the body recognises a foreign antigen, lymphocytes (white blood cells) produce antibodies, which are complementary in shape to the antigen.

Notwithstanding that this is open to question in relation to ‘SARSCov-2’ the presence of ‘antibodies’ can have many causes and they are found in people that are perfectly well. Kary Mullis said: ‘Antibodies … had always been considered evidence of past disease, not present disease.’

‘Covid’ really is a

computer

‘virus’

Where the UK Department of Health statement says ‘viruses’ are now ‘diagnosed’ through a ‘viral genetic code in a host with molecular biology techniques’, they mean … the PCR test which its inventor said cannot test for infectious disease. They have no credible method of connecting a ‘virus’ to a disease and we will see that there is no scientific proof that any ‘virus’ causes any disease or there is any such thing as a ‘virus’ in the way that it is described. Tenacious Canadian researcher Christine Massey and her team made

some 40 Freedom of Information requests to national public health agencies in different countries asking for proof that SARS-CoV-2 has been isolated and not one of them could supply that information. Massey said of her request in Canada: ‘Freedom of Information reveals Public Health Agency of Canada has no record of ‘SARSCOV-2’ isolation performed by anyone, anywhere, ever.’ If you accept the comment from the UK Department of Health it’s because they can’t isolate a ‘virus’. Even so many ‘science’ papers claimed to have isolated the ‘Covid virus’ until they were questioned and had to admit they hadn’t. A reply from the Robert Koch Institute in Germany was typical: ‘I am not aware of a paper which purified isolated SARS-CoV-2.’ So what the hell was Christian Drosten and his gang using to design the ‘Covid’ testing protocol that has produced all the illusory Covid’ cases and ‘Covid’ deaths when the head of the Chinese version of the CDC admi ed there was a problem right from the start in that the ‘virus’ had never been isolated/purified? Breathe deeply: What they are calling ‘Covid’ is actually created by a computer program i.e. they made it up – er, that’s it. They took lung fluid, with many sources of genetic material, from one single person alleged to be infected with Covid-19 by a PCR test which they claimed, without clear evidence, contained a ‘virus’. They used several computer programs to create a model of a theoretical virus genome sequence from more than fi y-six million small sequences of RNA, each of an unknown source, assembling them like a puzzle with no known solution. The computer filled in the gaps with sequences from bits in the gene bank to make it look like a bat SARS-like coronavirus! A wave of the magic wand and poof, an in silico (computer-generated) genome, a scientific fantasy, was created. UK health researcher Dr Kevin Corbe made the same point with this analogy: … It’s like giving you a few bones and saying that’s your fish. It could be any fish. Not even a skeleton. Here’s a few fragments of bones. That’s your fish … It’s all from gene bank and the bits of the virus sequence that weren’t there they made up. They synthetically created them to fill in the blanks. That’s what genetics is; it’s a code. So it’s ABBBCCDDD and you’re missing some what you think is EEE so you put it in. It’s all

synthetic. You just manufacture the bits that are missing. This is the end result of the geneticization of virology. This is basically a computer virus.

Further confirmation came in an email exchange between British citizen journalist Frances Leader and the government’s Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (the Gates-funded MHRA) which gave emergency permission for untested ‘Covid vaccines’ to be used. The agency admi ed that the ‘vaccine’ is not based on an isolated ‘virus’, but comes from a computer-generated model. Frances Leader was naturally banned from Cult-owned fascist Twi er for making this exchange public. The process of creating computergenerated alleged ‘viruses’ is called ‘in silico’ or ‘in silicon’ – computer chips – and the term ‘in silico’ is believed to originate with biological experiments using only a computer in 1989. ‘Vaccines’ involved with ‘Covid’ are also produced ‘in silico’ or by computer not a natural process. If the original ‘virus’ is nothing more than a made-up computer model how can there be ‘new variants’ of something that never existed in the first place? They are not new ‘variants’; they are new computer models only minutely different to the original program and designed to further terrify the population into having the ‘vaccine’ and submi ing to fascism. You want a ‘new variant’? Click, click, enter – there you go. Tell the medical profession that you have discovered a ‘South African variant’, ‘UK variants’ or a ‘Brazilian variant’ and in the usual HIV-causes-AIDS manner they will unquestioningly repeat it with no evidence whatsoever to support these claims. They will go on television and warn about the dangers of ‘new variants’ while doing nothing more than repeating what they have been told to be true and knowing that any deviation from that would be career suicide. Big-time insiders will know it’s a hoax, but much of the medical community is clueless about the way they are being played and themselves play the public without even being aware they are doing so. What an interesting ‘coincidence’ that AstraZeneca and Oxford University were conducting ‘Covid vaccine trials’ in the three countries – the UK, South Africa and Brazil – where the first three ‘variants’ were claimed to have ‘broken out’.

Here’s your ‘virus’ – it’s a unicorn Dr Andrew Kaufman presented a brilliant analysis describing how the ‘virus’ was imagined into fake existence when he dissected an article published by Nature and wri en by 19 authors detailing alleged ‘sequencing of a complete viral genome’ of the ‘new SARSCoV-2 virus’. This computer-modelled in silico genome was used as a template for all subsequent genome sequencing experiments that resulted in the so-called variants which he said now number more than 6,000. The fake genome was constructed from more than 56 million individual short strands of RNA. Those li le pieces were assembled into longer pieces by finding areas of overlapping sequences. The computer programs created over two million possible combinations from which the authors simply chose the longest one. They then compared this to a ‘bat virus’ and the computer ‘alignment’ rearranged the sequence and filled in the gaps! They called this computer-generated abomination the ‘complete genome’. Dr Tom Cowan, a fellow medical author and collaborator with Kaufman, said such computer-generation constitutes scientific fraud and he makes this superb analogy: Here is an equivalency: A group of researchers claim to have found a unicorn because they found a piece of a hoof, a hair from a tail, and a snippet of a horn. They then add that information into a computer and program it to re-create the unicorn, and they then claim this computer re-creation is the real unicorn. Of course, they had never actually seen a unicorn so could not possibly have examined its genetic makeup to compare their samples with the actual unicorn’s hair, hooves and horn. The researchers claim they decided which is the real genome of SARS-CoV-2 by ‘consensus’, sort of like a vote. Again, different computer programs will come up with different versions of the imaginary ‘unicorn’, so they come together as a group and decide which is the real imaginary unicorn.

This is how the ‘virus’ that has transformed the world was brought into fraudulent ‘existence’. Extraordinary, yes, but as the Nazis said the bigger the lie the more will believe it. Cowan, however, wasn’t finished and he went on to identify what he called the real blockbuster in the paper. He quotes this section from a paper wri en

by virologists and published by the CDC and then explains what it means: Therefore, we examined the capacity of SARS-CoV-2 to infect and replicate in several common primate and human cell lines, including human adenocarcinoma cells (A549), human liver cells (HUH 7.0), and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293T). In addition to Vero E6 and Vero CCL81 cells. ... Each cell line was inoculated at high multiplicity of infection and examined 24h post-infection. No CPE was observed in any of the cell lines except in Vero cells, which grew to greater than 10 to the 7th power at 24 h post-infection. In contrast, HUH 7.0 and 293T showed only modest viral replication, and A549 cells were incompatible with SARS CoV-2 infection.

Cowan explains that when virologists a empt to prove infection they have three possible ‘hosts’ or models on which they can test. The first was humans. Exposure to humans was generally not done for ethical reasons and has never been done with SARS-CoV-2 or any coronavirus. The second possible host was animals. Cowan said that forge ing for a moment that they never actually use purified virus when exposing animals they do use solutions that they claim contain the virus. Exposure to animals has been done with SARS-CoV-2 in an experiment involving mice and this is what they found: None of the wild (normal) mice got sick. In a group of genetically-modified mice, a statistically insignificant number lost weight and had slightly bristled fur, but they experienced nothing like the illness called ‘Covid-19’. Cowan said the third method – the one they mostly rely on – is to inoculate solutions they say contain the virus onto a variety of tissue cultures. This process had never been shown to kill tissue unless the sample material was starved of nutrients and poisoned as part of the process. Yes, incredibly, in tissue experiments designed to show the ‘virus’ is responsible for killing the tissue they starve the tissue of nutrients and add toxic drugs including antibiotics and they do not have control studies to see if it’s the starvation and poisoning that is degrading the tissue rather than the ‘virus’ they allege to be in there somewhere. You want me to pinch you? Yep, I understand. Tom Cowan said this about the whole nonsensical farce as he explains what that quote from the CDC paper really means:

The shocking thing about the above quote is that using their own methods, the virologists found that solutions containing SARS-CoV-2 – even in high amounts – were NOT, I repeat NOT, infective to any of the three human tissue cultures they tested. In plain English, this means they proved, on their terms, that this ‘new coronavirus’ is not infectious to human beings. It is ONLY infective to monkey kidney cells, and only then when you add two potent drugs (gentamicin and amphotericin), known to be toxic to kidneys, to the mix. My friends, read this again and again. These virologists, published by the CDC, performed a clear proof, on their terms, showing that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is harmless to human beings. That is the only possible conclusion, but, unfortunately, this result is not even mentioned in their conclusion. They simply say they can provide virus stocks cultured only on monkey Vero cells, thanks for coming.

Cowan concluded: ‘If people really understood how this “science” was done, I would hope they would storm the gates and demand honesty, transparency and truth.’ Dr Michael Yeadon, former Vice President and Chief Scientific Adviser at drug giant Pfizer has been a vocal critic of the ‘Covid vaccine’ and its potential for multiple harm. He said in an interview in April, 2021, that ‘not one [vaccine] has the virus. He was asked why vaccines normally using a ‘dead’ version of a disease to activate the immune system were not used for ‘Covid’ and instead we had the synthetic methods of the ‘mRNA Covid vaccine’. Yeadon said that to do the former ‘you’d have to have some of [the virus] wouldn’t you?’ He added: ‘No-one’s got any – seriously.’ Yeadon said that surely they couldn’t have fooled the whole world for a year without having a virus, ‘but oddly enough ask around – no one’s got it’. He didn’t know why with all the ‘great labs’ around the world that the virus had not been isolated – ‘Maybe they’ve been too busy running bad PCR tests and vaccines that people don’t need.’ What is today called ‘science’ is not ‘science’ at all. Science is no longer what is, but whatever people can be manipulated to believe that it is. Real science has been hijacked by the Cult to dispense and produce the ‘expert scientists’ and contentions that suit the agenda of the Cult. How big-time this has happened with the ‘Covid’ hoax which is entirely based on fake science delivered by fake ‘scientists’ and fake ‘doctors’. The human-caused climate change hoax is also entirely based on fake science delivered by fake ‘scientists’ and fake ‘climate experts’. In both cases real

scientists, climate experts and doctors have their views suppressed and deleted by the Cult-owned science establishment, media and Silicon Valley. This is the ‘science’ that politicians claim to be ‘following’ and a common denominator of ‘Covid’ and climate are Cult psychopaths Bill Gates and his mate Klaus Schwab at the Gatesfunded World Economic Forum. But, don’t worry, it’s all just a coincidence and absolutely nothing to worry about. Zzzzzzzz.

What is a ‘virus’ REALLY? Dr Tom Cowan is one of many contesting the very existence of viruses let alone that they cause disease. This is understandable when there is no scientific evidence for a disease-causing ‘virus’. German virologist Dr Stefan Lanka won a landmark case in 2017 in the German Supreme Court over his contention that there is no such thing as a measles virus. He had offered a big prize for anyone who could prove there is and Lanka won his case when someone sought to claim the money. There is currently a prize of more than 225,000 euros on offer from an Isolate Truth Fund for anyone who can prove the isolation of SARS-CoV-2 and its genetic substance. Lanka wrote in an article headed ‘The Misconception Called Virus’ that scientists think a ‘virus’ is causing tissue to become diseased and degraded when in fact it is the processes they are using which do that – not a ‘virus’. Lanka has done an important job in making this point clear as Cowan did in his analysis of the CDC paper. Lanka says that all claims about viruses as disease-causing pathogens are wrong and based on ‘easily recognisable, understandable and verifiable misinterpretations.’ Scientists believed they were working with ‘viruses’ in their laboratories when they were really working with ‘typical particles of specific dying tissues or cells …’ Lanka said that the tissue decaying process claimed to be caused by a ‘virus’ still happens when no alleged ‘virus’ is involved. It’s the process that does the damage and not a ‘virus’. The genetic sample is deprived of nutrients, removed from its energy supply through removal from the body and then doused in toxic antibiotics to remove any bacteria. He confirms again that establishment scientists do not (pinch me)

conduct control experiments to see if this is the case and if they did they would see the claims that ‘viruses’ are doing the damage is nonsense. He adds that during the measles ‘virus’ court case he commissioned an independent laboratory to perform just such a control experiment and the result was that the tissues and cells died in the exact same way as with alleged ‘infected’ material. This is supported by a gathering number of scientists, doctors and researchers who reject what is called ‘germ theory’ or the belief in the body being infected by contagious sources emi ed by other people. Researchers Dawn Lester and David Parker take the same stance in their highly-detailed and sourced book What Really Makes You Ill – Why everything you thought you knew about disease is wrong which was recommended to me by a number of medical professionals genuinely seeking the truth. Lester and Parker say there is no provable scientific evidence to show that a ‘virus’ can be transmi ed between people or people and animals or animals and people: The definition also claims that viruses are the cause of many diseases, as if this has been definitively proven. But this is not the case; there is no original scientific evidence that definitively demonstrates that any virus is the cause of any disease. The burden of proof for any theory lies with those who proposed it; but none of the existing documents provides ‘proof’ that supports the claim that ‘viruses’ are pathogens.

Dr Tom Cowan employs one of his clever analogies to describe the process by which a ‘virus’ is named as the culprit for a disease when what is called a ‘virus’ is only material released by cells detoxing themselves from infiltration by chemical or radiation poisoning. The tidal wave of technologically-generated radiation in the ‘smart’ modern world plus all the toxic food and drink are causing this to happen more than ever. Deluded ‘scientists’ misread this as a gathering impact of what they wrongly label ‘viruses’.

Paper can infect houses Cowan said in an article for davidicke.com – with his tongue only mildly in his cheek – that he believed he had made a tremendous

discovery that may revolutionise science. He had discovered that small bits of paper are alive, ‘well alive-ish’, can ‘infect’ houses, and then reproduce themselves inside the house. The result was that this explosion of growth in the paper inside the house causes the house to explode, blowing it to smithereens. His evidence for this new theory is that in the past months he had carefully examined many of the houses in his neighbourhood and found almost no scraps of paper on the lawns and surrounds of the house. There was an occasional stray label, but nothing more. Then he would return to these same houses a week or so later and with a few, not all of them, particularly the old and decrepit ones, he found to his shock and surprise they were li ered with stray bits of paper. He knew then that the paper had infected these houses, made copies of itself, and blew up the house. A young boy on a bicycle at one of the sites told him he had seen a demolition crew using dynamite to explode the house the previous week, but Cowan dismissed this as the idle thoughts of silly boys because ‘I was on to something big’. He was on to how ‘scientists’ mistake genetic material in the detoxifying process for something they call a ‘virus’. Cowan said of his house and paper story: If this sounds crazy to you, it’s because it should. This scenario is obviously nuts. But consider this admittedly embellished, for effect, current viral theory that all scientists, medical doctors and virologists currently believe.

He takes the example of the ‘novel SARS-Cov2’ virus to prove the point. First they take someone with an undefined illness called ‘Covid-19’ and don’t even a empt to find any virus in their sputum. Never mind the scientists still describe how this ‘virus’, which they have not located a aches to a cell receptor, injects its genetic material, in ‘Covid’s’ case, RNA, into the cell. The RNA once inserted exploits the cell to reproduce itself and makes ‘thousands, nay millions, of copies of itself … Then it emerges victorious to claim its next victim’:

If you were to look in the scientific literature for proof, actual scientific proof, that uniform SARS-CoV2 viruses have been properly isolated from the sputum of a sick person, that actual spike proteins could be seen protruding from the virus (which has not been found), you would find that such evidence doesn’t exist. If you go looking in the published scientific literature for actual pictures, proof, that these spike proteins or any viral proteins are ever attached to any receptor embedded in any cell membrane, you would also find that no such evidence exists. If you were to look for a video or documented evidence of the intact virus injecting its genetic material into the body of the cell, reproducing itself and then emerging victorious by budding off the cell membrane, you would find that no such evidence exists. The closest thing you would find is electron micrograph pictures of cellular particles, possibly attached to cell debris, both of which to be seen were stained by heavy metals, a process that completely distorts their architecture within the living organism. This is like finding bits of paper stuck to the blown-up bricks, thereby proving the paper emerged by taking pieces of the bricks on its way out.

The Enders baloney Cowan describes the ‘Covid’ story as being just as make-believe as his paper story and he charts back this fantasy to a Nobel Prize winner called John Enders (1897-1985), an American biomedical scientist who has been dubbed ‘The Father of Modern Vaccines’. Enders is claimed to have ‘discovered’ the process of the viral culture which ‘proved’ that a ‘virus’ caused measles. Cowan explains how Enders did this ‘by using the EXACT same procedure that has been followed by every virologist to find and characterize every new virus since 1954’. Enders took throat swabs from children with measles and immersed them in 2ml of milk. Penicillin (100u/ml) and the antibiotic streptomycin (50,g/ml) were added and the whole mix was centrifuged – rotated at high speed to separate large cellular debris from small particles and molecules as with milk and cream, for example. Cowan says that if the aim is to find li le particles of genetic material (‘viruses’) in the snot from children with measles it would seem that the last thing you would do is mix the snot with other material – milk –that also has genetic material. ‘How are you ever going to know whether whatever you found came from the snot or the milk?’ He points out that streptomycin is a ‘nephrotoxic’ or poisonous-to-the-kidney drug. You will see the relevance of that

shortly. Cowan says that it gets worse, much worse, when Enders describes the culture medium upon which the virus ‘grows’: ‘The culture medium consisted of bovine amniotic fluid (90%), beef embryo extract (5%), horse serum (5%), antibiotics and phenol red as an indicator of cell metabolism.’ Cowan asks incredulously: ‘Did he just say that the culture medium also contained fluids and tissues that are themselves rich sources of genetic material?’ The genetic cocktail, or ‘medium’, is inoculated onto tissue and cells from rhesus monkey kidney tissue. This is where the importance of streptomycin comes in and currently-used antimicrobials and other drugs that are poisonous to kidneys and used in ALL modern viral cultures (e.g. gentamicin, streptomycin, and amphotericin). Cowan asks: ‘How are you ever going to know from this witch’s brew where any genetic material comes from as we now have five different sources of rich genetic material in our mix?’ Remember, he says, that all genetic material, whether from monkey kidney tissues, bovine serum, milk, etc., is made from the exact same components. The same central question returns: ‘How are you possibly going to know that it was the virus that killed the kidney tissue and not the toxic antibiotic and starvation rations on which you are growing the tissue?’ John Enders answered the question himself – you can’t: A second agent was obtained from an uninoculated culture of monkey kidney cells. The cytopathic changes [death of the cells] it induced in the unstained preparations could not be distinguished with confidence from the viruses isolated from measles.

The death of the cells (‘cytopathic changes’) happened in exactly the same manner, whether they inoculated the kidney tissue with the measles snot or not, Cowan says. ‘This is evidence that the destruction of the tissue, the very proof of viral causation of illness, was not caused by anything in the snot because they saw the same destructive effect when the snot was not even used … the cytopathic, i.e., cell-killing, changes come from the process of the culture itself, not from any virus in any snot, period.’ Enders quotes in his 1957 paper a virologist called Ruckle as reporting similar findings ‘and in addition has isolated an agent from monkey kidney tissue that is so

far indistinguishable from human measles virus’. In other words, Cowan says, these particles called ‘measles viruses’ are simply and clearly breakdown products of the starved and poisoned tissue. For measles ‘virus’ see all ‘viruses’ including the so-called ‘Covid virus’. Enders, the ‘Father of Modern Vaccines’, also said: There is a potential risk in employing cultures of primate cells for the production of vaccines composed of attenuated virus, since the presence of other agents possibly latent in primate tissues cannot be definitely excluded by any known method.

Cowan further quotes from a paper published in the journal Viruses in May, 2020, while the ‘Covid pandemic’ was well underway in the media if not in reality. ‘EVs’ here refers to particles of genetic debris from our own tissues, such as exosomes of which more in a moment: ‘The remarkable resemblance between EVs and viruses has caused quite a few problems in the studies focused on the analysis of EVs released during viral infections.’ Later the paper adds that to date a reliable method that can actually guarantee a complete separation (of EVs from viruses) DOES NOT EXIST. This was published at a time when a fairy tale ‘virus’ was claimed in total certainty to be causing a fairy tale ‘viral disease’ called ‘Covid-19’ – a fairy tale that was already well on the way to transforming human society in the image that the Cult has worked to achieve for so long. Cowan concludes his article: To summarize, there is no scientific evidence that pathogenic viruses exist. What we think of as ‘viruses’ are simply the normal breakdown products of dead and dying tissues and cells. When we are well, we make fewer of these particles; when we are starved, poisoned, suffocated by wearing masks, or afraid, we make more. There is no engineered virus circulating and making people sick. People in laboratories all over the world are making genetically modified products to make people sick. These are called vaccines. There is no virome, no ‘ecosystem’ of viruses, viruses are not 8%, 50% or 100 % of our genetic material. These are all simply erroneous ideas based on the misconception called a virus.

What is ‘Covid’? Load of bollocks

The background described here by Cowan and Lanka was emphasised in the first video presentation that I saw by Dr Andrew Kaufman when he asked whether the ‘Covid virus’ was in truth a natural defence mechanism of the body called ‘exosomes’. These are released by cells when in states of toxicity – see the same themes returning over and over. They are released ever more profusely as chemical and radiation toxicity increases and think of the potential effect therefore of 5G alone as its destructive frequencies infest the human energetic information field with a gathering pace (5G went online in Wuhan in 2019 as the ‘virus’ emerged). I’ll have more about this later. Exosomes transmit a warning to the rest of the body that ‘Houston, we have a problem’. Kaufman presented images of exosomes and compared them with ‘Covid’ under an electron microscope and the similarity was remarkable. They both a ach to the same cell receptors (claimed in the case of ‘Covid’), contain the same genetic material in the form of RNA or ribonucleic acid, and both are found in ‘viral cell cultures’ with damaged or dying cells. James Hildreth MD, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Meharry Medical College at Johns Hopkins, said: ‘The virus is fully an exosome in every sense of the word.’ Kaufman’s conclusion was that there is no ‘virus’: ‘This entire pandemic is a completely manufactured crisis … there is no evidence of anyone dying from [this] illness.’ Dr Tom Cowan and Sally Fallon Morell, authors of The Contagion Myth, published a statement with Dr Kaufman in February, 2021, explaining why the ‘virus’ does not exist and you can read it that in full in the Appendix. ‘Virus’ theory can be traced to the ‘cell theory’ in 1858 of German physician Rudolf Virchow (1821-1920) who contended that disease originates from a single cell infiltrated by a ‘virus’. Dr Stefan Lanka said that findings and insights with respect to the structure, function and central importance of tissues in the creation of life, which were already known in 1858, comprehensively refute the cell theory. Virchow ignored them. We have seen the part later played by John Enders in the 1950s and Lanka notes that infection theories were only established as a global dogma through the policies and

eugenics of the Third Reich in Nazi Germany (creation of the same Sabbatian cult behind the ‘Covid’ hoax). Lanka said: ‘Before 1933, scientists dared to contradict this theory; a er 1933, these critical scientists were silenced’. Dr Tom Cowan’s view is that ill-heath is caused by too much of something, too li le of something, or toxification from chemicals and radiation – not contagion. We must also highlight as a major source of the ‘virus’ theology a man still called the ‘Father of Modern Virology’ – Thomas Milton Rivers (1888-1962). There is no way given the Cult’s long game policy that it was a coincidence for the ‘Father of Modern Virology’ to be director of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research from 1937 to 1956 when he is credited with making the Rockefeller Institute a leader in ‘viral research’. Cult Rockefellers were the force behind the creation of Big Pharma ‘medicine’, established the World Health Organisation in 1948, and have long and close associations with the Gates family that now runs the WHO during the pandemic hoax through mega-rich Cult gofer and psychopath Bill Gates. Only a Renegade Mind can see through all this bullshit by asking the questions that need to be answered, not taking ‘no’ or prevarication for an answer, and certainly not hiding from the truth in fear of speaking it. Renegade Minds have always changed the world for the be er and they will change this one no ma er how bleak it may currently appear to be.

CHAPTER SIX Sequence of deceit If you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember anything Mark Twain

A

gainst the background that I have laid out this far the sequence that took us from an invented ‘virus’ in Cult-owned China in late 2019 to the fascist transformation of human society can be seen and understood in a whole new context. We were told that a deadly disease had broken out in Wuhan and the world media began its campaign (coordinated by behavioural psychologists as we shall see) to terrify the population into unquestioning compliance. We were shown images of Chinese people collapsing in the street which never happened in the West with what was supposed to be the same condition. In the earliest days when alleged cases and deaths were few the fear register was hysterical in many areas of the media and this would expand into the common media narrative across the world. The real story was rather different, but we were never told that. The Chinese government, one of the Cult’s biggest centres of global operation, said they had discovered a new illness with flu-like and pneumoniatype symptoms in a city with such toxic air that it is overwhelmed with flu-like symptoms, pneumonia and respiratory disease. Chinese scientists said it was a new – ‘novel’ – coronavirus which they called Sars-Cov-2 and that it caused a disease they labelled ‘Covid-19’. There was no evidence for this and the ‘virus’ has never to this day been isolated, purified and its genetic code established from that. It

was from the beginning a computer-generated fiction. Stories of Chinese whistleblowers saying the number of deaths was being supressed or that the ‘new disease’ was related to the Wuhan bio-lab misdirected mainstream and alternative media into cul-de-sacs to obscure the real truth – there was no ‘virus’. Chinese scientists took genetic material from the lung fluid of just a few people and said they had found a ‘new’ disease when this material had a wide range of content. There was no evidence for a ‘virus’ for the very reasons explained in the last two chapters. The ‘virus’ has never been shown to (a) exist and (b) cause any disease. People were diagnosed on symptoms that are so widespread in Wuhan and polluted China and with a PCR test that can’t detect infectious disease. On this farce the whole global scam was sold to the rest of the world which would also diagnose respiratory disease as ‘Covid-19’ from symptoms alone or with a PCR test not testing for a ‘virus’. Flu miraculously disappeared worldwide in 2020 and into 2021 as it was redesignated ‘Covid-19’. It was really the same old flu with its ‘flu-like’ symptoms a ributed to ‘flu-like’ ‘Covid-19’. At the same time with very few exceptions the Chinese response of draconian lockdown and fascism was the chosen weapon to respond across the West as recommended by the Cult-owned Tedros at the Cult-owned World Health Organization run by the Cult-owned Gates. All was going according to plan. Chinese scientists – everything in China is controlled by the Cult-owned government – compared their contaminated RNA lung-fluid material with other RNA sequences and said it appeared to be just under 80 percent identical to the SARS-CoV-1 ‘virus’ claimed to be the cause of the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) ‘outbreak’ in 2003. They decreed that because of this the ‘new virus’ had to be related and they called it SARS-CoV-2. There are some serious problems with this assumption and assumption was all it was. Most ‘factual’ science turns out to be assumptions repeated into everyone-knows-that. A match of under 80-percent is meaningless. Dr Kaufman makes the point that there’s a 96 percent genetic correlation between humans and chimpanzees, but ‘no one would say our genetic material is part

of the chimpanzee family’. Yet the Chinese authorities were claiming that a much lower percentage, less than 80 percent, proved the existence of a new ‘coronavirus’. For goodness sake human DNA is 60 percent similar to a banana.

You are feeling sleepy The entire ‘Covid’ hoax is a global Psyop, a psychological operation to program the human mind into believing and fearing a complete fantasy. A crucial aspect of this was what appeared to happen in Italy. It was all very well streaming out daily images of an alleged catastrophe in Wuhan, but to the Western mind it was still on the other side of the world in a very different culture and se ing. A reaction of ‘this could happen to me and my family’ was still nothing like as intense enough for the mind-doctors. The Cult needed a Western example to push people over that edge and it chose Italy, one of its major global locations going back to the Roman Empire. An Italian ‘Covid’ crisis was manufactured in a particular area called Lombardy which just happens to be notorious for its toxic air and therefore respiratory disease. Wuhan, China, déjà vu. An hysterical media told horror stories of Italians dying from ‘Covid’ in their droves and how Lombardy hospitals were being overrun by a tidal wave of desperately ill people needing treatment a er being struck down by the ‘deadly virus’. Here was the psychological turning point the Cult had planned. Wow, if this is happening in Italy, the Western mind concluded, this indeed could happen to me and my family. Another point is that Italian authorities responded by following the Chinese blueprint so vehemently recommended by the Cult-owned World Health Organization. They imposed fascistic lockdowns on the whole country viciously policed with the help of surveillance drones sweeping through the streets seeking out anyone who escaped from mass house arrest. Livelihoods were destroyed and psychology unravelled in the way we have witnessed since in all lockdown countries. Crucial to the plan was that Italy responded in this way to set the precedent of suspending freedom and imposing fascism in a ‘Western liberal democracy’. I emphasised in an

animated video explanation on davidicke.com posted in the summer of 2020 how important it was to the Cult to expand the Chinese lockdown model across the West. Without this, and the bare-faced lie that non-symptomatic people could still transmit a ‘disease’ they didn’t have, there was no way locking down the whole population, sick and not sick, could be pulled off. At just the right time and with no evidence Cult operatives and gofers claimed that people without symptoms could pass on the ‘disease’. In the name of protecting the ‘vulnerable’ like elderly people, who lockdowns would kill by the tens of thousands, we had for the first time healthy people told to isolate as well as the sick. The great majority of people who tested positive had no symptoms because there was nothing wrong with them. It was just a trick made possible by a test not testing for the ‘virus’. Months a er my animated video the Gates-funded Professor Neil Ferguson at the Gates-funded Imperial College confirmed that I was right. He didn’t say it in those terms, naturally, but he did say it. Ferguson will enter the story shortly for his outrageously crazy ‘computer models’ that led to Britain, the United States and many other countries following the Chinese and now Italian methods of response. Put another way, following the Cult script. Ferguson said that SAGE, the UK government’s scientific advisory group which has controlled ‘Covid’ policy from the start, wanted to follow the Chinese lockdown model (while they all continued to work and be paid), but they wondered if they could possibly, in Ferguson’s words, ‘get away with it in Europe’. ‘Get away with it’? Who the hell do these moronic, arrogant people think they are? This appalling man Ferguson said that once Italy went into national lockdown they realised they, too, could mimic China: It’s a communist one-party state, we said. We couldn’t get away with it in Europe, we thought … and then Italy did it. And we realised we could. Behind this garbage from Ferguson is a simple fact: Doing the same as China in every country was the plan from the start and Ferguson’s ‘models’ would play a central role in achieving that. It’s just a coincidence, of course, and absolutely nothing to worry your little head about.

Oops, sorry, our mistake Once the Italian segment of the Psyop had done the job it was designed to do a very different story emerged. Italian authorities revealed that 99 percent of those who had ‘died from Covid-19’ in Italy had one, two, three, or more ‘co-morbidities’ or illnesses and health problems that could have ended their life. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published a figure of 94 percent for Americans dying of ‘Covid’ while having other serious medical conditions – on average two to three (some five or six) other potential causes of death. In terms of death from an unproven ‘virus’ I say it is 100 percent. The other one percent in Italy and six percent in the US would presumably have died from ‘Covid’s’ flu-like symptoms with a range of other possible causes in conjunction with a test not testing for the ‘virus’. Fox News reported that even more startling figures had emerged in one US county in which 410 of 422 deaths a ributed to ‘Covid-19’ had other potentially deadly health conditions. The Italian National Health Institute said later that the average age of people dying with a ‘Covid-19’ diagnosis in Italy was about 81. Ninety percent were over 70 with ten percent over 90. In terms of other reasons to die some 80 percent had two or more chronic diseases with half having three or more including cardiovascular problems, diabetes, respiratory problems and cancer. Why is the phantom ‘Covid-19’ said to kill overwhelmingly old people and hardly affect the young? Old people continually die of many causes and especially respiratory disease which you can rediagnose ‘Covid-19’ while young people die in tiny numbers by comparison and rarely of respiratory disease. Old people ‘die of Covid’ because they die of other things that can be redesignated ‘Covid’ and it really is that simple.

Flu has flown The blueprint was in place. Get your illusory ‘cases’ from a test not testing for the ‘virus’ and redesignate other causes of death as ‘Covid-19’. You have an instant ‘pandemic’ from something that is nothing more than a computer-generated fiction. With near-on a

billion people having ‘flu-like’ symptoms every year the potential was limitless and we can see why flu quickly and apparently miraculously disappeared worldwide by being diagnosed ‘Covid-19’. The painfully bloody obvious was explained away by the childlike media in headlines like this in the UK ‘Independent’: ‘Not a single case of flu detected by Public Health England this year as Covid restrictions suppress virus’. I kid you not. The masking, social distancing and house arrest that did not make the ‘Covid virus’ disappear somehow did so with the ‘flu virus’. Even worse the article, by a bloke called Samuel Love , suggested that maybe the masking, sanitising and other ‘Covid’ measures should continue to keep the flu away. With a ridiculousness that disturbs your breathing (it’s ‘Covid-19’) the said Love wrote: ‘With widespread social distancing and mask-wearing measures in place throughout the UK, the usual routes of transmission for influenza have been blocked.’ He had absolutely no evidence to support that statement, but look at the consequences of him acknowledging the obvious. With flu not disappearing at all and only being relabelled ‘Covid-19’ he would have to contemplate that ‘Covid’ was a hoax on a scale that is hard to imagine. You need guts and commitment to truth to even go there and that’s clearly something Samuel Love does not have in abundance. He would never have got it through the editors anyway. Tens of thousands die in the United States alone every winter from flu including many with pneumonia complications. CDC figures record 45 million Americans diagnosed with flu in 2017-2018 of which 61,000 died and some reports claim 80,000. Where was the same hysteria then that we have seen with ‘Covid-19’? Some 250,000 Americans are admi ed to hospital with pneumonia every year with about 50,000 cases proving fatal. About 65 million suffer respiratory disease every year and three million deaths makes this the third biggest cause of death worldwide. You only have to redesignate a portion of all these people ‘Covid-19’ and you have an instant global pandemic or the appearance of one. Why would doctors do this? They are told to do this and all but a few dare not refuse those who must be obeyed. Doctors in general are not researching their own

knowledge and instead take it direct and unquestioned from the authorities that own them and their careers. The authorities say they must now diagnose these symptoms ‘Covid-19’ and not flu, or whatever, and they do it. Dark suits say put ‘Covid-19’ on death certificates no ma er what the cause of death and the doctors do it. Renegade Minds don’t fall for the illusion that doctors and medical staff are all highly-intelligent, highly-principled, seekers of medical truth. Some are, but not the majority. They are repeaters, gofers, and yes sir, no sir, purveyors of what the system demands they purvey. The ‘Covid’ con is not merely confined to diseases of the lungs. Instructions to doctors to put ‘Covid-19’ on death certificates for anyone dying of anything within 28 days (or much more) of a positive test not testing for the ‘virus’ opened the floodgates. The term dying with ‘Covid’ and not of ‘Covid’ was coined to cover the truth. Whether it was a with or an of they were all added to the death numbers a ributed to the ‘deadly virus’ compiled by national governments and globally by the Gates-funded Johns Hopkins operation in the United States that was so involved in those ‘pandemic’ simulations. Fraudulent deaths were added to the evergrowing list of fraudulent ‘cases’ from false positives from a false test. No wonder Professor Walter Ricciardi, scientific advisor to the Italian minister of health, said a er the Lombardy hysteria had done its job that ‘Covid’ death rates were due to Italy having the second oldest population in the world and to how hospitals record deaths: The way in which we code deaths in our country is very generous in the sense that all the people who die in hospitals with the coronavirus are deemed to be dying of the coronavirus. On re-evaluation by the National Institute of Health, only 12 per cent of death certificates have shown a direct causality from coronavirus, while 88 per cent of patients who have died have at least one pre-morbidity – many had two or three.

This is extraordinary enough when you consider the propaganda campaign to use Italy to terrify the world, but how can they even say twelve percent were genuine when the ‘virus’ has not been shown to exist, its ‘code’ is a computer program, and diagnosis comes from a test not testing for it? As in China, and soon the world, ‘Covid-19’ in

Italy was a redesignation of diagnosis. Lies and corruption were to become the real ‘pandemic’ fuelled by a pathetically-compliant medical system taking its orders from the tiny few at the top of their national hierarchy who answered to the World Health Organization which answers to Gates and the Cult. Doctors were told – ordered – to diagnose a particular set of symptoms ‘Covid-19’ and put that on the death certificate for any cause of death if the patient had tested positive with a test not testing for the virus or had ‘Covid’ symptoms like the flu. The United States even introduced big financial incentives to manipulate the figures with hospitals receiving £4,600 from the Medicare system for diagnosing someone with regular pneumonia, $13,000 if they made the diagnosis from the same symptoms ‘Covid-19’ pneumonia, and $39, 000 if they put a ‘Covid’ diagnosed patient on a ventilator that would almost certainly kill them. A few – painfully and pathetically few – medical whistleblowers revealed (before Cult-owned YouTube deleted their videos) that they had been instructed to ‘let the patient crash’ and put them straight on a ventilator instead of going through a series of far less intrusive and dangerous methods as they would have done before the pandemic hoax began and the financial incentives kicked in. We are talking cold-blooded murder given that ventilators are so damaging to respiratory systems they are usually the last step before heaven awaits. Renegade Minds never fall for the belief that people in white coats are all angels of mercy and cannot be full-on psychopaths. I have explained in detail in The Answer how what I am describing here played out across the world coordinated by the World Health Organization through the medical hierarchies in almost every country.

Medical scientist calls it Information about the non-existence of the ‘virus’ began to emerge for me in late March, 2020, and mushroomed a er that. I was sent an email by Sir Julian Rose, a writer, researcher, and organic farming promotor, from a medical scientist friend of his in the United States. Even at that early stage in March the scientist was able to explain

how the ‘Covid’ hoax was being manipulated. He said there were no reliable tests for a specific ‘Covid-19 virus’ and nor were there any reliable agencies or media outlets for reporting numbers of actual ‘Covid-19’ cases. We have seen in the long period since then that he was absolutely right. ‘Every action and reaction to Covid-19 is based on totally flawed data and we simply cannot make accurate assessments,’ he said. Most people diagnosed with ‘Covid-19’ were showing nothing more than cold and flu-like symptoms ‘because most coronavirus strains are nothing more than cold/flu-like symptoms’. We had farcical situations like an 84-year-old German man testing positive for ‘Covid-19’ and his nursing home ordered to quarantine only for him to be found to have a common cold. The scientist described back then why PCR tests and what he called the ‘Mickey Mouse test kits’ were useless for what they were claimed to be identifying. ‘The idea these kits can isolate a specific virus like Covid-19 is nonsense,’ he said. Significantly, he pointed out that ‘if you want to create a totally false panic about a totally false pandemic – pick a coronavirus’. This is exactly what the Cult-owned Gates, World Economic Forum and Johns Hopkins University did with their Event 201 ‘simulation’ followed by their real-life simulation called the ‘pandemic’. The scientist said that all you had to do was select the sickest of people with respiratory-type diseases in a single location – ‘say Wuhan’ – and administer PCR tests to them. You can then claim that anyone showing ‘viral sequences’ similar to a coronavirus ‘which will inevitably be quite a few’ is suffering from a ‘new’ disease: Since you already selected the sickest flu cases a fairly high proportion of your sample will go on to die. You can then say this ‘new’ virus has a CFR [case fatality rate] higher than the flu and use this to infuse more concern and do more tests which will of course produce more ‘cases’, which expands the testing, which produces yet more ‘cases’ and so on and so on. Before long you have your ‘pandemic’, and all you have done is use a simple test kit trick to convert the worst flu and pneumonia cases into something new that doesn’t ACTUALLY EXIST [my emphasis].

He said that you then ‘just run the same scam in other countries’ and make sure to keep the fear message running high ‘so that people

will feel panicky and less able to think critically’. The only problem to overcome was the fact there is no actual new deadly pathogen and only regular sick people. This meant that deaths from the ‘new deadly pathogen’ were going to be way too low for a real new deadly virus pandemic, but he said this could be overcome in the following ways – all of which would go on to happen: 1. You can claim this is just the beginning and more deaths are imminent [you underpin this with fantasy ‘computer projections’]. Use this as an excuse to quarantine everyone and then claim the quarantine prevented the expected millions of dead. 2. You can [say that people] ‘minimizing’ the dangers are irresponsible and bully them into not talking about numbers. 3. You can talk crap about made up numbers hoping to blind people with pseudoscience. 4. You can start testing well people (who, of course, will also likely have shreds of coronavirus [RNA] in them) and thus inflate your ‘case figures’ with ‘asymptomatic carriers’ (you will of course have to spin that to sound deadly even though any virologist knows the more symptom-less cases you have the less deadly is your pathogen).

The scientist said that if you take these simple steps ‘you can have your own entirely manufactured pandemic up and running in weeks’. His analysis made so early in the hoax was brilliantly prophetic of what would actually unfold. Pulling all the information together in these recent chapters we have this is simple 1, 2, 3, of how you can delude virtually the entire human population into believing in a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist: • A ‘Covid case’ is someone who tests positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’. • A ‘Covid death’ is someone who dies of any cause within 28 days (or much longer) of testing positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus. • Asymptomatic means there is nothing wrong with you, but they claim you can pass on what you don’t have to justify locking

down (quarantining) healthy people in totality. The foundations of the hoax are that simple. A study involving ten million people in Wuhan, published in November, 2020, demolished the whole lie about those without symptoms passing on the ‘virus’. They found ‘300 asymptomatic cases’ and traced their contacts to find that not one of them was detected with the ‘virus’. ‘Asymptomatic’ patients and their contacts were isolated for no less than two weeks and nothing changed. I know it’s all crap, but if you are going to claim that those without symptoms can transmit ‘the virus’ then you must produce evidence for that and they never have. Even World Health Organization official Dr Maria Van Kerkhove, head of the emerging diseases and zoonosis unit, said as early as June, 2020, that she doubted the validity of asymptomatic transmission. She said that ‘from the data we have, it still seems to be rare that an asymptomatic person actually transmits onward to a secondary individual’ and by ‘rare’ she meant that she couldn’t cite any case of asymptomatic transmission.

The Ferguson factor The problem for the Cult as it headed into March, 2020, when the script had lockdown due to start, was that despite all the manipulation of the case and death figures they still did not have enough people alleged to have died from ‘Covid’ to justify mass house arrest. This was overcome in the way the scientist described: ‘You can claim this is just the beginning and more deaths are imminent … Use this as an excuse to quarantine everyone and then claim the quarantine prevented the expected millions of dead.’ Enter one Professor Neil Ferguson, the Gates-funded ‘epidemiologist’ at the Gates-funded Imperial College in London. Ferguson is Britain’s Christian Drosten in that he has a dire record of predicting health outcomes, but is still called upon to advise government on the next health outcome when another ‘crisis’ comes along. This may seem to be a strange and ridiculous thing to do. Why would you keep turning for policy guidance to people who have a history of being

monumentally wrong? Ah, but it makes sense from the Cult point of view. These ‘experts’ keep on producing predictions that suit the Cult agenda for societal transformation and so it was with Neil Ferguson as he revealed his horrific (and clearly insane) computer model predictions that allowed lockdowns to be imposed in Britain, the United States and many other countries. Ferguson does not have even an A-level in biology and would appear to have no formal training in computer modelling, medicine or epidemiology, according to Derek Winton, an MSc in Computational Intelligence. He wrote an article somewhat aghast at what Ferguson did which included taking no account of respiratory disease ‘seasonality’ which means it is far worse in the winter months. Who would have thought that respiratory disease could be worse in the winter? Well, certainly not Ferguson. The massively China-connected Imperial College and its bizarre professor provided the excuse for the long-incubated Chinese model of human control to travel westward at lightning speed. Imperial College confirms on its website that it collaborates with the Chinese Research Institute; publishes more than 600 research papers every year with Chinese research institutions; has 225 Chinese staff; 2,600 Chinese students – the biggest international group; 7,000 former students living in China which is the largest group outside the UK; and was selected for a tour by China’s President Xi Jinping during his state visit to the UK in 2015. The college takes major donations from China and describes itself as the UK’s number one university collaborator with Chinese research institutions. The China communist/fascist government did not appear phased by the woeful predictions of Ferguson and Imperial when during the lockdown that Ferguson induced the college signed a five-year collaboration deal with China tech giant Huawei that will have Huawei’s indoor 5G network equipment installed at the college’s West London tech campus along with an ‘AI cloud platform’. The deal includes Chinese sponsorship of Imperial’s Venture Catalyst entrepreneurship competition. Imperial is an example of the enormous influence the Chinese government has within British and North American

universities and research centres – and further afield. Up to 200 academics from more than a dozen UK universities are being investigated on suspicion of ‘unintentionally’ helping the Chinese government build weapons of mass destruction by ‘transferring world-leading research in advanced military technology such as aircra , missile designs and cyberweapons’. Similar scandals have broken in the United States, but it’s all a coincidence. Imperial College serves the agenda in many other ways including the promotion of every aspect of the United Nations Agenda 21/2030 (the Great Reset) and produced computer models to show that human-caused ‘climate change’ is happening when in the real world it isn’t. Imperial College is driving the climate agenda as it drives the ‘Covid’ agenda (both Cult hoaxes) while Patrick Vallance, the UK government’s Chief Scientific Adviser on ‘Covid’, was named Chief Scientific Adviser to the UN ‘climate change’ conference known as COP26 hosted by the government in Glasgow, Scotland. ‘Covid’ and ‘climate’ are fundamentally connected.

Professor Woeful From Imperial’s bosom came Neil Ferguson still advising government despite his previous disasters and it was announced early on that he and other key people like UK Chief Medical Adviser Chris Whi y had caught the ‘virus’ as the propaganda story was being sold. Somehow they managed to survive and we had Prime Minister Boris Johnson admi ed to hospital with what was said to be a severe version of the ‘virus’ in this same period. His whole policy and demeanour changed when he returned to Downing Street. It’s a small world with these government advisors – especially in their communal connections to Gates – and Ferguson had partnered with Whi y to write a paper called ‘Infectious disease: Tough choices to reduce Ebola transmission’ which involved another scare-story that didn’t happen. Ferguson’s ‘models’ predicted that up to150, 000 could die from ‘mad cow disease’, or BSE, and its version in sheep if it was transmi ed to humans. BSE was not transmi ed and instead triggered by an organophosphate pesticide used to treat a pest on

cows. Fewer than 200 deaths followed from the human form. Models by Ferguson and his fellow incompetents led to the unnecessary culling of millions of pigs, ca le and sheep in the foot and mouth outbreak in 2001 which destroyed the lives and livelihoods of farmers and their families who had o en spent decades building their herds and flocks. Vast numbers of these animals did not have foot and mouth and had no contact with the infection. Another ‘expert’ behind the cull was Professor Roy Anderson, a computer modeller at Imperial College specialising in the epidemiology of human, not animal, disease. Anderson has served on the Bill and Melinda Gates Grand Challenges in Global Health advisory board and chairs another Gates-funded organisation. Gates is everywhere. In a precursor to the ‘Covid’ script Ferguson backed closing schools ‘for prolonged periods’ over the swine flu ‘pandemic’ in 2009 and said it would affect a third of the world population if it continued to spread at the speed he claimed to be happening. His mates at Imperial College said much the same and a news report said: ‘One of the authors, the epidemiologist and disease modeller Neil Ferguson, who sits on the World Health Organisation’s emergency commi ee for the outbreak, said the virus had “full pandemic potential”.’ Professor Liam Donaldson, the Chris Whi y of his day as Chief Medical Officer, said the worst case could see 30 percent of the British people infected by swine flu with 65,000 dying. Ferguson and Donaldson were indeed proved correct when at the end of the year the number of deaths a ributed to swine flu was 392. The term ‘expert’ is rather liberally applied unfortunately, not least to complete idiots. Swine flu ‘projections’ were great for GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) as millions rolled in for its Pandemrix influenza vaccine which led to brain damage with children most affected. The British government (taxpayers) paid out more than £60 million in compensation a er GSK was given immunity from prosecution. Yet another ‘Covid’ déjà vu. Swine flu was supposed to have broken out in Mexico, but Dr Wolfgang Wodarg, a German doctor, former member of parliament and critic of the ‘Covid’ hoax, observed ‘the spread of swine flu’ in Mexico City at the time. He

said: ‘What we experienced in Mexico City was a very mild flu which did not kill more than usual – which killed even fewer people than usual.’ Hyping the fear against all the facts is not unique to ‘Covid’ and has happened many times before. Ferguson is reported to have over-estimated the projected death toll of bird flu (H5N1) by some three million-fold, but bird flu vaccine makers again made a killing from the scare. This is some of the background to the Neil Ferguson who produced the perfectly-timed computer models in early 2020 predicting that half a million people would die in Britain without draconian lockdown and 2.2 million in the United States. Politicians panicked, people panicked, and lockdowns of alleged short duration were instigated to ‘fla en the curve’ of cases gleaned from a test not testing for the ‘virus’. I said at the time that the public could forget the ‘short duration’ bit. This was an agenda to destroy the livelihoods of the population and force them into mass control through dependency and there was going to be nothing ‘short’ about it. American researcher Daniel Horowitz described the consequences of the ‘models’ spewed out by Gates-funded Ferguson and Imperial College: What led our government and the governments of many other countries into panic was a single Imperial College of UK study, funded by global warming activists, that predicted 2.2 million deaths if we didn’t lock down the country. In addition, the reported 8-9% death rate in Italy scared us into thinking there was some other mutation of this virus that they got, which might have come here. Together with the fact that we were finally testing and had the ability to actually report new cases, we thought we were headed for a death spiral. But again … we can’t flatten a curve if we don’t know when the curve started.

How about it never started?

Giving them what they want An investigation by German news outlet Welt Am Sonntag (World on Sunday) revealed how in March, 2020, the German government gathered together ‘leading scientists from several research institutes and universities’ and ‘together, they were to produce a [modelling]

paper that would serve as legitimization for further tough political measures’. The Cult agenda was justified by computer modelling not based on evidence or reality; it was specifically constructed to justify the Cult demand for lockdowns all over the world to destroy the independent livelihoods of the global population. All these modellers and everyone responsible for the ‘Covid’ hoax have a date with a trial like those in Nuremberg a er World War Two when Nazis faced the consequences of their war crimes. These corruptbeyond-belief ‘modellers’ wrote the paper according to government instructions and it said that that if lockdown measures were li ed then up to one million Germans would die from ‘Covid-19’ adding that some would die ‘agonizingly at home, gasping for breath’ unable to be treated by hospitals that couldn’t cope. All lies. No ma er – it gave the Cult all that it wanted. What did long-time government ‘modeller’ Neil Ferguson say? If the UK and the United States didn’t lockdown half a million would die in Britain and 2.2 million Americans. Anyone see a theme here? ‘Modellers’ are such a crucial part of the lockdown strategy that we should look into their background and follow the money. Researcher Rosemary Frei produced an excellent article headlined ‘The Modelling-paper Mafiosi’. She highlights a guy called John Edmunds, a British epidemiologist, and professor in the Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. He studied at Imperial College. Edmunds is a member of government ‘Covid’ advisory bodies which have been dictating policy, the New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group (NERVTAG) and the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE). Ferguson, another member of NERVTAG and SAGE, led the way with the original ‘virus’ and Edmunds has followed in the ‘variant’ stage and especially the so-called UK or Kent variant known as the ‘Variant of Concern’ (VOC) B.1.1.7. He said in a co-wri en report for the Centre for Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, with input from the Centre’s ‘Covid-19’ Working Group, that there was ‘a realistic

possibility that VOC B.1.1.7 is associated with an increased risk of death compared to non-VOC viruses’. Fear, fear, fear, get the vaccine, fear, fear, fear, get the vaccine. Rosemary Frei reveals that almost all the paper’s authors and members of the modelling centre’s ‘Covid-19’ Working Group receive funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and/or the associated Gates-funded Wellcome Trust. The paper was published by e-journal Medr χiv which only publishes papers not peer-reviewed and the journal was established by an organisation headed by Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg and his missus. What a small world it is. Frei discovered that Edmunds is on the Scientific Advisory Board of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) which was established by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Klaus Schwab’s Davos World Economic Forum and Big Pharma giant Wellcome. CEPI was ‘launched in Davos [in 2017] to develop vaccines to stop future epidemics’, according to its website. ‘Our mission is to accelerate the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases and enable equitable access to these vaccines for people during outbreaks.’ What kind people they are. Rosemary Frei reveals that Public Health England (PHE) director Susan Hopkins is an author of her organisation’s non-peer-reviewed reports on ‘new variants’. Hopkins is a professor of infectious diseases at London’s Imperial College which is gi ed tens of millions of dollars a year by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Gates-funded modelling disaster Neil Ferguson also co-authors Public Health England reports and he spoke in December, 2020, about the potential danger of the B.1.1.7. ‘UK variant’ promoted by Gates-funded modeller John Edmunds. When I come to the ‘Covid vaccines’ the ‘new variants’ will be shown for what they are – bollocks.

Connections, connections All these people and modellers are lockdown-obsessed or, put another way, they demand what the Cult demands. Edmunds said in January, 2021, that to ease lockdowns too soon would be a disaster and they had to ‘vaccinate much, much, much more widely than the

elderly’. Rosemary Frei highlights that Edmunds is married to Jeanne Pimenta who is described in a LinkedIn profile as director of epidemiology at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and she held shares in the company. Patrick Vallance, co-chair of SAGE and the government’s Chief Scientific Adviser, is a former executive of GSK and has a deferred bonus of shares in the company worth £600,000. GSK has serious business connections with Bill Gates and is collaborating with mRNA-’vaccine’ company CureVac to make ‘vaccines’ for the new variants that Edmunds is talking about. GSK is planning a ‘Covid vaccine’ with drug giant Sanofi. Puppet Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced in the spring of 2021 that up to 60 million vaccine doses were to be made at the GSK facility at Barnard Castle in the English North East. Barnard Castle, with a population of just 6,000, was famously visited in breach of lockdown rules in April, 2020, by Johnson aide Dominic Cummings who said that he drove there ‘to test his eyesight’ before driving back to London. Cummings would be be er advised to test his integrity – not that it would take long. The GSK facility had nothing to do with his visit then although I’m sure Patrick Vallance would have been happy to arrange an introduction and some tea and biscuits. Ruthless psychopath Gates has made yet another fortune from vaccines in collaboration with Big Pharma companies and gushes at the phenomenal profits to be made from vaccines – more than a 20-to-1 return as he told one interviewer. Gates also tweeted in December, 2019, with the foreknowledge of what was coming: ‘What’s next for our foundation? I’m particularly excited about what the next year could mean for one of the best buys in global health: vaccines.’ Modeller John Edmunds is a big promotor of vaccines as all these people appear to be. He’s the dean of the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine’s Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health which is primarily funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Gates-established and funded GAVI vaccine alliance which is the Gates vehicle to vaccinate the world. The organisation Doctors Without Borders has described GAVI as being ‘aimed more at supporting drug-industry desires to promote new

products than at finding the most efficient and sustainable means for fighting the diseases of poverty’. But then that’s why the psychopath Gates created it. John Edmunds said in a video that the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine is involved in every aspect of vaccine development including large-scale clinical trials. He contends that mathematical modelling can show that vaccines protect individuals and society. That’s on the basis of shit in and shit out, I take it. Edmunds serves on the UK Vaccine Network as does Ferguson and the government’s foremost ‘Covid’ adviser, the grimfaced, dark-eyed Chris Whi y. The Vaccine Network says it works ‘to support the government to identify and shortlist targeted investment opportunities for the most promising vaccines and vaccine technologies that will help combat infectious diseases with epidemic potential, and to address structural issues related to the UK’s broader vaccine infrastructure’. Ferguson is acting Director of the Imperial College Vaccine Impact Modelling Consortium which has funding from the Bill and Melina Gates Foundation and the Gates-created GAVI ‘vaccine alliance’. Anyone wonder why these characters see vaccines as the answer to every problem? Ferguson is wildly enthusiastic in his support for GAVI’s campaign to vaccine children en masse in poor countries. You would expect someone like Gates who has constantly talked about the need to reduce the population to want to fund vaccines to keep more people alive. I’m sure that’s why he does it. The John Edmunds London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) has a Vaccines Manufacturing Innovation Centre which develops, tests and commercialises vaccines. Rosemary Frei writes: The vaccines centre also performs affiliated activities like combating ‘vaccine hesitancy’. The latter includes the Vaccine Confidence Project. The project’s stated purpose is, among other things, ‘to provide analysis and guidance for early response and engagement with the public to ensure sustained confidence in vaccines and immunisation’. The Vaccine Confidence Project’s director is LSHTM professor Heidi Larson. For more than a decade she’s been researching how to combat vaccine hesitancy.

How the bloody hell can blokes like John Edmunds and Neil Ferguson with those connections and financial ties model ‘virus’ case

and death projections for the government and especially in a way that gives their paymasters like Gates exactly what they want? It’s insane, but this is what you find throughout the world.

‘Covid’ is not dangerous, oops, wait, yes it is Only days before Ferguson’s nightmare scenario made Jackboot Johnson take Britain into a China-style lockdown to save us from a deadly ‘virus’ the UK government website gov.uk was reporting something very different to Ferguson on a page of official government guidance for ‘high consequence infectious diseases (HCID)’. It said this about ‘Covid-19’: As of 19 March 2020, COVID-19 is no longer considered to be a high consequence infectious diseases (HCID) in the UK [my emphasis]. The 4 nations public health HCID group made an interim recommendation in January 2020 to classify COVID-19 as an HCID. This was based on consideration of the UK HCID criteria about the virus and the disease with information available during the early stages of the outbreak. Now that more is known about COVID-19, the public health bodies in the UK have reviewed the most up to date information about COVID-19 against the UK HCID criteria. They have determined that several features have now changed; in particular, more information is available about mortality rates (low overall), and there is now greater clinical awareness and a specific and sensitive laboratory test, the availability of which continues to increase. The Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens (ACDP) is also of the opinion that COVID-19 should no longer be classified as an HCID.

Soon a er the government had been exposed for downgrading the risk they upgraded it again and everyone was back to singing from the same Cult hymn book. Ferguson and his fellow Gates clones indicated that lockdowns and restrictions would have to continue until a Gates-funded vaccine was developed. Gates said the same because Ferguson and his like were repeating the Gates script which is the Cult script. ‘Fla en the curve’ became an ongoing nightmare of continuing lockdowns with periods in between of severe restrictions in pursuit of destroying independent incomes and had nothing to do with protecting health about which the Cult gives not a shit. Why wouldn’t Ferguson be pushing a vaccine ‘solution’ when he’s owned by vaccine-obsessive Gates who makes a fortune from them and

when Ferguson heads the Vaccine Impact Modelling Consortium at Imperial College funded by the Gates Foundation and GAVI, the ‘vaccine alliance’, created by Gates as his personal vaccine promotion operation? To compound the human catastrophe that Ferguson’s ‘models’ did so much to create he was later exposed for breaking his own lockdown rules by having sexual liaisons with his married girlfriend Antonia Staats at his home while she was living at another location with her husband and children. Staats was a ‘climate’ activist and senior campaigner at the Soros-funded Avaaz which I wouldn’t trust to tell me that grass is green. Ferguson had to resign as a government advisor over this hypocrisy in May, 2020, but a er a period of quiet he was back being quoted by the ridiculous media on the need for more lockdowns and a vaccine rollout. Other government-advising ‘scientists’ from Imperial College’ held the fort in his absence and said lockdown could be indefinite until a vaccine was found. The Cult script was being sung by the payrolled choir. I said there was no intention of going back to ‘normal’ when the ‘vaccine’ came because the ‘vaccine’ is part of a very different agenda that I will discuss in Human 2.0. Why would the Cult want to let the world go back to normal when destroying that normal forever was the whole point of what was happening? House arrest, closing businesses and schools through lockdown, (un)social distancing and masks all followed the Ferguson fantasy models. Again as I predicted (these people are so predictable) when the ‘vaccine’ arrived we were told that house arrest, lockdown, (un)social distancing and masks would still have to continue. I will deal with the masks in the next chapter because they are of fundamental importance.

Where’s the ‘pandemic’? Any mildly in-depth assessment of the figures revealed what was really going on. Cult-funded and controlled organisations still have genuine people working within them such is the number involved. So it is with Genevieve Briand, assistant program director of the Applied Economics master’s degree program at Johns Hopkins

University. She analysed the impact that ‘Covid-19’ had on deaths from all causes in the United States using official data from the CDC for the period from early February to early September, 2020. She found that allegedly ‘Covid’ related-deaths exceeded those from heart disease which she found strange with heart disease always the biggest cause of fatalities. Her research became even more significant when she noted the sudden decline in 2020 of all non-’Covid’ deaths: ‘This trend is completely contrary to the pa ern observed in all previous years … the total decrease in deaths by other causes almost exactly equals the increase in deaths by Covid-19.’ This was such a game, set and match in terms of what was happening that Johns Hopkins University deleted the article on the grounds that it ‘was being used to support false and dangerous inaccuracies about the impact of the pandemic’. No – because it exposed the scam from official CDC figures and this was confirmed when those figures were published in January, 2021. Here we can see the effect of people dying from heart a acks, cancer, road accidents and gunshot wounds – anything – having ‘Covid-19’ on the death certificate along with those diagnosed from ‘symptoms’ who had even not tested positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’. I am not kidding with the gunshot wounds, by the way. Brenda Bock, coroner in Grand County, Colorado, revealed that two gunshot victims tested positive for the ‘virus’ within the previous 30 days and were therefore classified as ‘Covid deaths’. Bock said: ‘These two people had tested positive for Covid, but that’s not what killed them. A gunshot wound is what killed them.’ She said she had not even finished her investigation when the state listed the gunshot victims as deaths due to the ‘virus’. The death and case figures for ‘Covid-19’ are an absolute joke and yet they are repeated like parrots by the media, politicians and alleged medical ‘experts’. The official Cult narrative is the only show in town. Genevieve Briand found that deaths from all causes were not exceptional in 2020 compared with previous years and a Spanish magazine published figures that said the same about Spain which was a ‘Covid’ propaganda hotspot at one point. Discovery Salud, a

health and medicine magazine, quoted government figures which showed how 17,000 fewer people died in Spain in 2020 than in 2019 and more than 26,000 fewer than in 2018. The age-standardised mortality rate for England and Wales when age distribution is taken into account was significantly lower in 2020 than the 1970s, 80s and 90s, and was only the ninth highest since 2000. Where is the ‘pandemic’? Post mortems and autopsies virtually disappeared for ‘Covid’ deaths amid claims that ‘virus-infected’ bodily fluids posed a risk to those carrying out the autopsy. This was rejected by renowned German pathologist and forensic doctor Klaus Püschel who said that he and his staff had by then done 150 autopsies on ‘Covid’ patients with no problems at all. He said they were needed to know why some ‘Covid’ patients suffered blood clots and not severe respiratory infections. The ‘virus’ is, a er all, called SARS or ‘severe acute respiratory syndrome’. I highlighted in the spring of 2020 this phenomenon and quoted New York intensive care doctor Cameron Kyle-Sidell who posted a soon deleted YouTube video to say that they had been told to prepare to treat an infectious disease called ‘Covid-19’, but that was not what they were dealing with. Instead he likened the lung condition of the most severely ill patients to what you would expect with cabin depressurisation in a plane at 30,000 feet or someone dropped on the top of Everest without oxygen or acclimatisation. I have never said this is not happening to a small minority of alleged ‘Covid’ patients – I am saying this is not caused by a phantom ‘contagious virus’. Indeed Kyle-Sidell said that ‘Covid-19’ was not the disease they were told was coming their way. ‘We are operating under a medical paradigm that is untrue,’ he said, and he believed they were treating the wrong disease: ‘These people are being slowly starved of oxygen.’ Patients would take off their oxygen masks in a state of fear and stress and while they were blue in the face on the brink of death. They did not look like patients dying of pneumonia. You can see why they don’t want autopsies when their virus doesn’t exist and there is another condition in some people that they don’t wish to be uncovered. I should add here that

the 5G system of millimetre waves was being rapidly introduced around the world in 2020 and even more so now as they fire 5G at the Earth from satellites. At 60 gigahertz within the 5G range that frequency interacts with the oxygen molecule and stops people breathing in sufficient oxygen to be absorbed into the bloodstream. They are installing 5G in schools and hospitals. The world is not mad or anything. 5G can cause major changes to the lungs and blood as I detail in The Answer and these consequences are labelled ‘Covid19’, the alleged symptoms of which can be caused by 5G and other electromagnetic frequencies as cells respond to radiation poisoning.

The ‘Covid death’ scam Dr Sco Jensen, a Minnesota state senator and medical doctor, exposed ‘Covid’ Medicare payment incentives to hospitals and death certificate manipulation. He said he was sent a seven-page document by the US Department of Health ‘coaching’ him on how to fill out death certificates which had never happened before. The document said that he didn’t need to have a laboratory test for ‘Covid-19’ to put that on the death certificate and that shocked him when death certificates are supposed to be about facts. Jensen described how doctors had been ‘encouraged, if not pressured’ to make a diagnosis of ‘Covid-19’ if they thought it was probable or ‘presumed’. No positive test was necessary – not that this would have ma ered anyway. He said doctors were told to diagnose ‘Covid’ by symptoms when these were the same as colds, allergies, other respiratory problems, and certainly with influenza which ‘disappeared’ in the ‘Covid’ era. A common sniffle was enough to get the dreaded verdict. Ontario authorities decreed that a single care home resident with one symptom from a long list must lead to the isolation of the entire home. Other courageous doctors like Jensen made the same point about death figure manipulation and how deaths by other causes were falling while ‘Covid-19 deaths’ were rising at the same rate due to re-diagnosis. Their videos rarely survive long on YouTube with its Cult-supporting algorithms courtesy of CEO Susan Wojcicki and her bosses at Google. Figure-tampering was so glaring

and ubiquitous that even officials were le ing it slip or outright saying it. UK chief scientific adviser Patrick Vallance said on one occasion that ‘Covid’ on the death certificate doesn’t mean ‘Covid’ was the cause of death (so why the hell is it there?) and we had the rare sight of a BBC reporter telling the truth when she said: ‘Someone could be successfully treated for Covid, in say April, discharged, and then in June, get run over by a bus and die … That person would still be counted as a Covid death in England.’ Yet the BBC and the rest of the world media went on repeating the case and death figures as if they were real. Illinois Public Health Director Dr Ngozi Ezike revealed the deceit while her bosses must have been clenching their bu ocks: If you were in a hospice and given a few weeks to live and you were then found to have Covid that would be counted as a Covid death. [There might be] a clear alternate cause, but it is still listed as a Covid death. So everyone listed as a Covid death doesn’t mean that was the cause of the death, but that they had Covid at the time of death.

Yes, a ‘Covid virus’ never shown to exist and tested for with a test not testing for the ‘virus’. In the first period of the pandemic hoax through the spring of 2020 the process began of designating almost everything a ‘Covid’ death and this has continued ever since. I sat in a restaurant one night listening to a loud conversation on the next table where a family was discussing in bewilderment how a relative who had no symptoms of ‘Covid’, and had died of a long-term problem, could have been diagnosed a death by the ‘virus’. I could understand their bewilderment. If they read this book they will know why this medical fraud has been perpetrated the world over.

Some media truth shock The media ignored the evidence of death certificate fraud until eventually one columnist did speak out when she saw it first-hand. Bel Mooney is a long-time national newspaper journalist in Britain currently working for the Daily Mail. Her article on February 19th, 2021, carried this headline: ‘My dad Ted passed three Covid tests

and died of a chronic illness yet he’s officially one of Britain’s 120,000 victims of the virus and is far from alone ... so how many more are there?’ She told how her 99-year-old father was in a care home with a long-standing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and vascular dementia. Maybe, but he was still aware enough to tell her from the start that there was no ‘virus’ and he refused the ‘vaccine’ for that reason. His death was not unexpected given his chronic health problems and Mooney said she was shocked to find that ‘Covid-19’ was declared the cause of death on his death certificate. She said this was a ‘bizarre and unacceptable untruth’ for a man with long-time health problems who had tested negative twice at the home for the ‘virus’. I was also shocked by this story although not by what she said. I had been highlighting the death certificate manipulation for ten months. It was the confirmation that a professional full-time journalist only realised this was going on when it affected her directly and neither did she know that whether her dad tested positive or negative was irrelevant with the test not testing for the ‘virus’. Where had she been? She said she did not believe in ‘conspiracy theories’ without knowing I’m sure that this and ‘conspiracy theorists’ were terms put into widespread circulation by the CIA in the 1960s to discredit those who did not accept the ridiculous official story of the Kennedy assassination. A blanket statement of ‘I don’t believe in conspiracy theories’ is always bizarre. The dictionary definition of the term alone means the world is drowning in conspiracies. What she said was even more da when her dad had just been affected by the ‘Covid’ conspiracy. Why else does she think that ‘Covid-19’ was going on the death certificates of people who died of something else? To be fair once she saw from personal experience what was happening she didn’t mince words. Mooney was called by the care home on the morning of February 9th to be told her father had died in his sleep. When she asked for the official cause of death what came back was ‘Covid-19’. Mooney challenged this and was told there had been deaths from Covid on the dementia floor (confirmed by a test not testing for the ‘virus’) so they considered it ‘reasonable

to assume’. ‘But doctor,’ Mooney rightly protested, ‘an assumption isn’t a diagnosis.’ She said she didn’t blame the perfectly decent and sympathetic doctor – ‘he was just doing his job’. Sorry, but that’s bullshit. He wasn’t doing his job at all. He was pu ing a false cause of death on the death certificate and that is a criminal offence for which he should be brought to account and the same with the millions of doctors worldwide who have done the same. They were not doing their job they were following orders and that must not wash at new Nuremberg trials any more than it did at the first ones. Mooney’s doctor was ‘assuming’ (presuming) as he was told to, but ‘just following orders’ makes no difference to his actions. A doctor’s job is to serve the patient and the truth, not follow orders, but that’s what they have done all over the world and played a central part in making the ‘Covid’ hoax possible with all its catastrophic consequences for humanity. Shame on them and they must answer for their actions. Mooney said her disquiet worsened when she registered her father’s death by telephone and was told by the registrar there had been very many other cases like hers where ‘the deceased’ had not tested positive for ‘Covid’ yet it was recorded as the cause of death. The test may not ma er, but those involved at their level think it ma ers and it shows a callous disregard for accurate diagnosis. The pressure to do this is coming from the top of the national ‘health’ pyramids which in turn obey the World Health Organization which obeys Gates and the Cult. Mooney said the registrar agreed that this must distort the national figures adding that ‘the strangest thing is that every winter we record countless deaths from flu, and this winter there have been none. Not one!’ She asked if the registrar thought deaths from flu were being misdiagnosed and lumped together with ‘Covid’ deaths. The answer was a ‘puzzled yes’. Mooney said that the funeral director said the same about ‘Covid’ deaths which had nothing to do with ‘Covid’. They had lost count of the number of families upset by this and other funeral companies in different countries have had the same experience. Mooney wrote:

The nightly shroud-waving and shocking close-ups of pain imposed on us by the TV news bewildered and terrified the population into eager compliance with lockdowns. We were invited to ‘save the NHS’ and to grieve for strangers – the real-life loved ones behind those shocking death counts. Why would the public imagine what I now fear, namely that the way Covid-19 death statistics are compiled might make the numbers seem greater than they are?

Oh, just a li le bit – like 100 percent.

Do the maths Mooney asked why a country would wish to skew its mortality figures by wrongly certifying deaths? What had been going on? Well, if you don’t believe in conspiracies you will never find the answer which is that it’s a conspiracy. She did, however, describe what she had discovered as a ‘national scandal’. In reality it’s a global scandal and happening everywhere. Pillars of this conspiracy were all put into place before the bu on was pressed with the Drosten PCR protocol and high amplifications to produce the cases and death certificate changes to secure illusory ‘Covid’ deaths. Mooney notes that normally two doctors were needed to certify a death, with one having to know the patient, and how the rules were changed in the spring of 2020 to allow one doctor to do this. In the same period ‘Covid deaths’ were decreed to be all cases where Covid-19 was put on the death certificate even without a positive test or any symptoms. Mooney asked: ‘How many of the 30,851 (as of January 15) care home resident deaths with Covid-19 on the certificate (32.4 per cent of all deaths so far) were based on an assumption, like that of my father? And what has that done to our national psyche?’All of them is the answer to the first question and it has devastated and dismantled the national psyche, actually the global psyche, on a colossal scale. In the UK case and death data is compiled by organisations like Public Health England (PHE) and the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Mooney highlights the insane policy of counting a death from any cause as ‘Covid-19’ if this happens within 28 days of a positive test (with a test not testing for the ‘virus’) and she points out that ONS statistics reflect deaths ‘involving Covid’ ‘or due to Covid’ which meant in practice any

death where ‘Covid-19’ was mentioned on the death certificate. She described the consequences of this fraud: Most people will accept the narrative they are fed, so panicky governments here and in Europe witnessed the harsh measures enacted in totalitarian China and jumped into lockdown. Headlines about Covid deaths tolled like the knell that would bring doomsday to us all. Fear stalked our empty streets. Politicians parroted the frankly ridiculous aim of ‘zero Covid’ and shut down the economy, while most British people agreed that lockdown was essential and (astonishingly to me, as a patriotic Brit) even wanted more restrictions. For what? Lies on death certificates? Never mind the grim toll of lives ruined, suicides, schools closed, rising inequality, depression, cancelled hospital treatments, cancer patients in a torture of waiting, poverty, economic devastation, loneliness, families kept apart, and so on. How many lives have been lost as a direct result of lockdown?

She said that we could join in a national chorus of shock and horror at reaching the 120,000 death toll which was surely certain to have been totally skewed all along, but what about the human cost of lockdown justified by these ‘death figures’? The British Medical Journal had reported a 1,493 percent increase in cases of children taken to Great Ormond Street Hospital with abusive head injuries alone and then there was the effect on families: Perhaps the most shocking thing about all this is that families have been kept apart – and obeyed the most irrational, changing rules at the whim of government – because they believed in the statistics. They succumbed to fear, which his generation rejected in that war fought for freedom. Dad (God rest his soul) would be angry. And so am I.

Another theme to watch is that in the winter months when there are more deaths from all causes they focus on ‘Covid’ deaths and in the summer when the British Lung Foundation says respiratory disease plummets by 80 percent they rage on about ‘cases’. Either way fascism on population is always the answer.

Nazi eugenics in the 21st century Elderly people in care homes have been isolated from their families month a er lonely month with no contact with relatives and grandchildren who were banned from seeing them. We were told

that lockdown fascism was to ‘protect the vulnerable’ like elderly people. At the same time Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders were placed on their medical files so that if they needed resuscitation it wasn’t done and ‘Covid-19’ went on their death certificates. Old people were not being ‘protected’ they were being culled – murdered in truth. DNR orders were being decreed for disabled and young people with learning difficulties or psychological problems. The UK Care Quality Commission, a non-departmental body of the Department of Health and Social Care, found that 34 percent of those working in health and social care were pressured into placing ‘do not a empt cardiopulmonary resuscitation’ orders on ‘Covid’ patients who suffered from disabilities and learning difficulties without involving the patient or their families in the decision. UK judges ruled that an elderly woman with dementia should have the DNA-manipulating ‘Covid vaccine’ against her son’s wishes and that a man with severe learning difficulties should have the jab despite his family’s objections. Never mind that many had already died. The judiciary always supports doctors and government in fascist dictatorships. They wouldn’t dare do otherwise. A horrific video was posted showing fascist officers from Los Angeles police forcibly giving the ‘Covid’ shot to women with special needs who were screaming that they didn’t want it. The same fascists are seen giving the jab to a sleeping elderly woman in a care home. This is straight out of the Nazi playbook. Hitler’s Nazis commi ed mass murder of the mentally ill and physically disabled throughout Germany and occupied territories in the programme that became known as Aktion T4, or just T4. Sabbatian-controlled Hitler and his grotesque crazies set out to kill those they considered useless and unnecessary. The Reich Commi ee for the Scientific Registering of Hereditary and Congenital Illnesses registered the births of babies identified by physicians to have ‘defects’. By 1941 alone more than 5,000 children were murdered by the state and it is estimated that in total the number of innocent people killed in Aktion T4 was between 275,000 and 300,000. Parents were told their children had been sent away for ‘special treatment’ never to return. It is rather pathetic to see claims about plans for new extermination camps being dismissed today

when the same force behind current events did precisely that 80 years ago. Margaret Sanger was a Cult operative who used ‘birth control’ to sanitise her programme of eugenics. Organisations she founded became what is now Planned Parenthood. Sanger proposed that ‘the whole dysgenic population would have its choice of segregation or sterilization’. These included epileptics, ‘feebleminded’, and prostitutes. Sanger opposed charity because it perpetuated ‘human waste‘. She reveals the Cult mentality and if anyone thinks that extermination camps are a ‘conspiracy theory’ their naivety is touching if breathtakingly stupid. If you don’t believe that doctors can act with callous disregard for their patients it is worth considering that doctors and medical staff agreed to put government-decreed DNR orders on medical files and do nothing when resuscitation is called for. I don’t know what you call such people in your house. In mine they are Nazis from the Josef Mengele School of Medicine. Phenomenal numbers of old people have died worldwide from the effects of lockdown, depression, lack of treatment, the ‘vaccine’ (more later) and losing the will to live. A common response at the start of the manufactured pandemic was to remove old people from hospital beds and transfer them to nursing homes. The decision would result in a mass cull of elderly people in those homes through lack of treatment – not ‘Covid’. Care home whistleblowers have told how once the ‘Covid’ era began doctors would not come to their homes to treat patients and they were begging for drugs like antibiotics that o en never came. The most infamous example was ordered by New York governor Andrew Cuomo, brother of a moronic CNN host, who amazingly was given an Emmy Award for his handling of the ‘Covid crisis’ by the ridiculous Wokers that hand them out. Just how ridiculous could be seen in February, 2021, when a Department of Justice and FBI investigation began into how thousands of old people in New York died in nursing homes a er being discharged from hospital to make way for ‘Covid’ patients on Cuomo’s say-so – and how he and his staff covered up these facts. This couldn’t have happened to a nicer psychopath. Even then there was a ‘Covid’ spin. Reports said that

thousands of old people who tested positive for ‘Covid’ in hospital were transferred to nursing homes to both die of ‘Covid’ and transmit it to others. No – they were in hospital because they were ill and the fact that they tested positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’ is irrelevant. They were ill o en with respiratory diseases ubiquitous in old people near the end of their lives. Their transfer out of hospital meant that their treatment stopped and many would go on to die.

They’re old. Who gives a damn? I have exposed in the books for decades the Cult plan to cull the world’s old people and even to introduce at some point what they call a ‘demise pill’ which at a certain age everyone would take and be out of here by law. In March, 2021, Spain legalised euthanasia and assisted suicide following the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Canada on the Tiptoe to the demise pill. Treatment of old people by many ‘care’ homes has been a disgrace in the ‘Covid’ era. There are many, many, caring staff – I know some. There have, however, been legions of stories about callous treatment of old people and their families. Police were called when families came to take their loved ones home in the light of isolation that was killing them. They became prisoners of the state. Care home residents in insane, fascist Ontario, Canada, were not allowed to leave their room once the ‘Covid’ hoax began. UK staff have even wheeled elderly people away from windows where family members were talking with them. Oriana Criscuolo from Stockport in the English North West dropped off some things for her 80-year-old father who has Parkinson’s disease and dementia and she wanted to wave to him through a ground-floor window. She was told that was ‘illegal’. When she went anyway they closed the curtains in the middle of the day. Oriana said: It’s just unbelievable. I cannot understand how care home staff – people who are being paid to care – have become so uncaring. Their behaviour is inhumane and cruel. It’s beyond belief.

She was right and this was not a one-off. What a way to end your life in such loveless circumstances. UK registered nurse Nicky Millen, a proper old school nurse for 40 years, said that when she started her career care was based on dignity, choice, compassion and empathy. Now she said ‘the things that are important to me have gone out of the window.’ She was appalled that people were dying without their loved ones and saying goodbye on iPads. Nicky described how a distressed 89-year-old lady stroked her face and asked her ‘how many paracetamol would it take to finish me off’. Life was no longer worth living while not seeing her family. Nicky said she was humiliated in front of the ward staff and patients for le ing the lady stroke her face and giving her a cuddle. Such is the dehumanisation that the ‘Covid’ hoax has brought to the surface. Nicky worked in care homes where patients told her they were being held prisoner. ‘I want to live until I die’, one said to her. ‘I had a lady in tears because she hadn’t seen her great-grandson.’ Nicky was compassionate old school meeting psychopathic New Normal. She also said she had worked on a ‘Covid’ ward with no ‘Covid’ patients. Jewish writer Shai Held wrote an article in March, 2020, which was headlined ‘The Staggering, Heartless Cruelty Toward the Elderly’. What he described was happening from the earliest days of lockdown. He said ‘the elderly’ were considered a group and not unique individuals (the way of the Woke). Shai Held said: Notice how the all-too-familiar rhetoric of dehumanization works: ‘The elderly’ are bunched together as a faceless mass, all of them considered culprits and thus effectively deserving of the suffering the pandemic will inflict upon them. Lost entirely is the fact that the elderly are individual human beings, each with a distinctive face and voice, each with hopes and dreams, memories and regrets, friendships and marriages, loves lost and loves sustained.

‘The elderly’ have become another dehumanised group for which anything goes and for many that has resulted in cold disregard for their rights and their life. The distinctive face that Held talks about is designed to be deleted by masks until everyone is part of a faceless mass.

‘War-zone’ hospitals myth Again and again medical professionals have told me what was really going on and how hospitals ‘overrun like war zones’ according to the media were virtually empty. The mantra from medical whistleblowers was please don’t use my name or my career is over. Citizen journalists around the world sneaked into hospitals to film evidence exposing the ‘war-zone’ lie. They really were largely empty with closed wards and operating theatres. I met a hospital worker in my town on the Isle of Wight during the first lockdown in 2020 who said the only island hospital had never been so quiet. Lockdown was justified by the psychopaths to stop hospitals being overrun. At the same time that the island hospital was near-empty the military arrived here to provide extra beds. It was all propaganda to ramp up the fear to ensure compliance with fascism as were never-used temporary hospitals with thousands of beds known as Nightingales and never-used make-shi mortuaries opened by the criminal UK government. A man who helped to install those extra island beds a ributed to the army said they were never used and the hospital was empty. Doctors and nurses ‘stood around talking or on their phones, wandering down to us to see what we were doing’. There were no masks or social distancing. He accused the useless local island paper, the County Press, of ‘pumping the fear as if our hospital was overrun and we only have one so it should have been’. He described ambulances parked up with crews outside in deck chairs. When his brother called an ambulance he was told there was a twohour backlog which he called ‘bullshit’. An old lady on the island fell ‘and was in a bad way’, but a caller who rang for an ambulance was told the situation wasn’t urgent enough. Ambulance stations were working under capacity while people would hear ambulances with sirens blaring driving through the streets. When those living near the stations realised what was going on they would follow them as they le , circulated around an urban area with the sirens going, and then came back without stopping. All this was to increase levels of fear and the same goes for the ‘ventilator shortage crisis’ that cost tens of millions for hastily produced ventilators never to be used.

Ambulance crews that agreed to be exploited in this way for fear propaganda might find themselves a mirror. I wish them well with that. Empty hospitals were the obvious consequence of treatment and diagnoses of non-’Covid’ conditions cancelled and those involved handed a death sentence. People have been dying at home from undiagnosed and untreated cancer, heart disease and other lifethreatening conditions to allow empty hospitals to deal with a ‘pandemic’ that wasn’t happening.

Death of the innocent ‘War-zones’ have been laying off nursing staff, even doctors where they can. There was no work for them. Lockdown was justified by saving lives and protecting the vulnerable they were actually killing with DNR orders and preventing empty hospitals being ‘overrun’. In Britain the mantra of stay at home to ‘save the NHS’ was everywhere and across the world the same story was being sold when it was all lies. Two California doctors, Dan Erickson and Artin Massihi at Accelerated Urgent Care in Bakersfield, held a news conference in April, 2020, to say that intensive care units in California were ‘empty, essentially’, with hospitals shu ing floors, not treating patients and laying off doctors. The California health system was working at minimum capacity ‘ge ing rid of doctors because we just don’t have the volume’. They said that people with conditions such as heart disease and cancer were not coming to hospital out of fear of ‘Covid19’. Their video was deleted by Susan Wojcicki’s Cult-owned YouTube a er reaching five million views. Florida governor Ron Desantis, who rejected the severe lockdowns of other states and is being targeted for doing so, said that in March, 2020, every US governor was given models claiming they would run out of hospital beds in days. That was never going to happen and the ‘modellers’ knew it. Deceit can be found at every level of the system. Urgent children’s operations were cancelled including fracture repairs and biopsies to spot cancer. Eric Nicholls, a consultant paediatrician, said ‘this is obviously concerning and we need to return to normal operating and to increase capacity as soon as possible’. Psychopaths

in power were rather less concerned because they are psychopaths. Deletion of urgent care and diagnosis has been happening all over the world and how many kids and others have died as a result of the actions of these cold and heartless lunatics dictating ‘health’ policy? The number must be stratospheric. Richard Sullivan, professor of cancer and global health at King’s College London, said people feared ‘Covid’ more than cancer such was the campaign of fear. ‘Years of lost life will be quite dramatic’, Sullivan said, with ‘a huge amount of avoidable mortality’. Sarah Woolnough, executive director for policy at Cancer Research UK, said there had been a 75 percent drop in urgent referrals to hospitals by family doctors of people with suspected cancer. Sullivan said that ‘a lot of services have had to scale back – we’ve seen a dramatic decrease in the amount of elective cancer surgery’. Lockdown deaths worldwide has been absolutely fantastic with the New York Post reporting how data confirmed that ‘lockdowns end more lives than they save’: There was a sharp decline in visits to emergency rooms and an increase in fatal heart attacks because patients didn’t receive prompt treatment. Many fewer people were screened for cancer. Social isolation contributed to excess deaths from dementia and Alzheimer’s. Researchers predicted that the social and economic upheaval would lead to tens of thousands of “deaths of despair” from drug overdoses, alcoholism and suicide. As unemployment surged and mental-health and substance-abuse treatment programs were interrupted, the reported levels of anxiety, depression and suicidal thoughts increased dramatically, as did alcohol sales and fatal drug overdoses.

This has been happening while nurses and other staff had so much time on their hands in the ‘war-zones’ that Tic-Tok dancing videos began appearing across the Internet with medical staff dancing around in empty wards and corridors as people died at home from causes that would normally have been treated in hospital.

Mentions in dispatches One brave and truth-commi ed whistleblower was Louise Hampton, a call handler with the UK NHS who made a viral Internet video saying she had done ‘fuck all’ during the ‘pandemic’

which was ‘a load of bollocks’. She said that ‘Covid-19’ was rebranded flu and of course she lost her job. This is what happens in the medical and endless other professions now when you tell the truth. Louise filmed inside ‘war-zone’ accident and emergency departments to show they were empty and I mean empty as in no one there. The mainstream media could have done the same and blown the gaff on the whole conspiracy. They haven’t to their eternal shame. Not that most ‘journalists’ seem capable of manifesting shame as with the psychopaths they slavishly repeat without question. The relative few who were admi ed with serious health problems were le to die alone with no loved ones allowed to see them because of ‘Covid’ rules and they included kids dying without the comfort of mum and dad at their bedside while the evil behind this couldn’t give a damn. It was all good fun to them. A Sco ish NHS staff nurse publicly quit in the spring of 2021 saying: ‘I can no longer be part of the lies and the corruption by the government.’ She said hospitals ‘aren’t full, the beds aren’t full, beds have been shut, wards have been shut’. Hospitals were never busy throughout ‘Covid’. The staff nurse said that Nicola Sturgeon, tragically the leader of the Sco ish government, was on television saying save the hospitals and the NHS – ‘but the beds are empty’ and ‘we’ve not seen flu, we always see flu every year’. She wrote to government and spoke with her union Unison (the unions are Cult-compromised and useless, but nothing changed. Many of her colleagues were scared of losing their jobs if they spoke out as they wanted to. She said nursing staff were being affected by wearing masks all day and ‘my head is spli ing every shi from wearing a mask’. The NHS is part of the fascist tyranny and must be dismantled so we can start again with human beings in charge. (Ironically, hospitals were reported to be busier again when official ‘Covid’ cases fell in spring/summer of 2021 and many other conditions required treatment at the same time as the fake vaccine rollout.) I will cover the ‘Covid vaccine’ scam in detail later, but it is another indicator of the sickening disregard for human life that I am highlighting here. The DNA-manipulating concoctions do not fulfil

the definition of a ‘vaccine’, have never been used on humans before and were given only emergency approval because trials were not completed and they continued using the unknowing public. The result was what a NHS senior nurse with responsibility for ‘vaccine’ procedure said was ‘genocide’. She said the ‘vaccines’ were not ‘vaccines’. They had not been shown to be safe and claims about their effectiveness by drug companies were ‘poetic licence’. She described what was happening as a ‘horrid act of human annihilation’. The nurse said that management had instigated a policy of not providing a Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) before people were ‘vaccinated’ even though health care professionals are supposed to do this according to protocol. Patients should also be told that they are taking part in an ongoing clinical trial. Her challenges to what is happening had seen her excluded from meetings and ridiculed in others. She said she was told to ‘watch my step … or I would find myself surplus to requirements’. The nurse, who spoke anonymously in fear of her career, said she asked her NHS manager why he/she was content with taking part in genocide against those having the ‘vaccines’. The reply was that everyone had to play their part and to ‘put up, shut up, and get it done’. Government was ‘leaning heavily’ on NHS management which was clearly leaning heavily on staff. This is how the global ‘medical’ hierarchy operates and it starts with the Cult and its World Health Organization. She told the story of a doctor who had the Pfizer jab and when questioned had no idea what was in it. The doctor had never read the literature. We have to stop treating doctors as intellectual giants when so many are moral and medical pygmies. The doctor did not even know that the ‘vaccines’ were not fully approved or that their trials were ongoing. They were, however, asking their patients if they minded taking part in follow-ups for research purposes – yes, the ongoing clinical trial. The nurse said the doctor’s ignorance was not rare and she had spoken to a hospital consultant who had the jab without any idea of the background or that the ‘trials’ had not been completed. Nurses and pharmacists had shown the same ignorance.

‘My NHS colleagues have forsaken their duty of care, broken their code of conduct – Hippocratic Oath – and have been brainwashed just the same as the majority of the UK public through propaganda …’ She said she had not been able to recruit a single NHS colleague, doctor, nurse or pharmacist to stand with her and speak out. Her union had refused to help. She said that if the genocide came to light she would not hesitate to give evidence at a Nuremberg-type trial against those in power who could have affected the outcomes but didn’t.

And all for what? To put the nonsense into perspective let’s say the ‘virus’ does exist and let’s go completely crazy and accept that the official manipulated figures for cases and deaths are accurate. Even then a study by Stanford University epidemiologist Dr John Ioannidis published on the World Health Organization website produced an average infection to fatality rate of … 0.23 percent! Ioannidis said: ‘If one could sample equally from all locations globally, the median infection fatality rate might even be substantially lower than the 0.23% observed in my analysis.’ For healthy people under 70 it was … 0.05 percent! This compares with the 3.4 percent claimed by the Cult-owned World Health Organization when the hoax was first played and maximum fear needed to be generated. An updated Stanford study in April, 2021, put the ‘infection’ to ‘fatality’ rate at just 0.15 percent. Another team of scientists led by Megan O’Driscoll and Henrik Salje studied data from 45 countries and published their findings on the Nature website. For children and young people the figure is so small it virtually does not register although authorities will be hyping dangers to the young when they introduce DNAmanipulating ‘vaccines’ for children. The O’Driscoll study produced an average infection-fatality figure of 0.003 for children from birth to four; 0.001 for 5 to 14; 0.003 for 15 to 19; and it was still only 0.456 up to 64. To claim that children must be ‘vaccinated’ to protect them from ‘Covid’ is an obvious lie and so there must be another reason and there is. What’s more the average age of a ‘Covid’ death is akin

to the average age that people die in general. The average age of death in England is about 80 for men and 83 for women. The average age of death from alleged ‘Covid’ is between 82 and 83. California doctors, Dan Erickson and Artin Massihi, said at their April media conference that projection models of millions of deaths had been ‘woefully inaccurate’. They produced detailed figures showing that Californians had a 0.03 chance of dying from ‘Covid’ based on the number of people who tested positive (with a test not testing for the ‘virus’). Erickson said there was a 0.1 percent chance of dying from ‘Covid’ in the state of New York, not just the city, and a 0.05 percent chance in Spain, a centre of ‘Covid-19’ hysteria at one stage. The Stanford studies supported the doctors’ data with fatality rate estimates of 0.23 and 0.15 percent. How close are these figures to my estimate of zero? Death-rate figures claimed by the World Health Organization at the start of the hoax were some 15 times higher. The California doctors said there was no justification for lockdowns and the economic devastation they caused. Everything they had ever learned about quarantine was that you quarantine the sick and not the healthy. They had never seen this before and it made no medical sense. Why in the in the light of all this would governments and medical systems the world over say that billions must go under house arrest; lose their livelihood; in many cases lose their mind, their health and their life; force people to wear masks dangerous to health and psychology; make human interaction and even family interaction a criminal offence; ban travel; close restaurants, bars, watching live sport, concerts, theatre, and any activity involving human togetherness and discourse; and closing schools to isolate children from their friends and cause many to commit suicide in acts of hopelessness and despair? The California doctors said lockdown consequences included increased child abuse, partner abuse, alcoholism, depression, and other impacts they were seeing every day. Who would do that to the entire human race if not mentally-ill psychopaths of almost unimaginable extremes like Bill Gates? We must face the reality of what we are dealing with and come out of

denial. Fascism and tyranny are made possible only by the target population submi ing and acquiescing to fascism and tyranny. The whole of human history shows that to be true. Most people naively and unquestioning believed what they were told about a ‘deadly virus’ and meekly and weakly submi ed to house arrest. Those who didn’t believe it – at least in total – still submi ed in fear of the consequences of not doing so. For the rest who wouldn’t submit draconian fines have been imposed, brutal policing by psychopaths for psychopaths, and condemnation from the meek and weak who condemn the Pushbackers on behalf of the very force that has them, too, in its gunsights. ‘Pathetic’ does not even begin to suffice. Britain’s brainless ‘Health’ Secretary Ma Hancock warned anyone lying to border officials about returning from a list of ‘hotspot’ countries could face a jail sentence of up to ten years which is more than for racially-aggravated assault, incest and a empting to have sex with a child under 13. Hancock is a lunatic, but he has the state apparatus behind him in a Cult-led chain reaction and the same with UK ‘Vaccine Minister’ Nadhim Zahawi, a prominent member of the mega-Cult secret society, Le Cercle, which featured in my earlier books. The Cult enforces its will on governments and medical systems; government and medical systems enforce their will on business and police; business enforces its will on staff who enforce it on customers; police enforce the will of the Cult on the population and play their essential part in creating a world of fascist control that their own children and grandchildren will have to live in their entire lives. It is a hierarchical pyramid of imposition and acquiescence and, yes indeedy, of clinical insanity. Does anyone bright enough to read this book have to ask what the answer is? I think not, but I will reveal it anyway in the fewest of syllables: Tell the psychos and their moronic lackeys to fuck off and let’s get on with our lives. We are many – They are few.

CHAPTER SEVEN War on your mind One believes things because one has been conditioned to believe them Aldous Huxley, Brave New World

I

have described the ‘Covid’ hoax as a ‘Psyop’ and that is true in every sense and on every level in accordance with the definition of that term which is psychological warfare. Break down the ‘Covid pandemic’ to the foundation themes and it is psychological warfare on the human individual and collective mind. The same can be said for the entire human belief system involving every subject you can imagine. Huxley was right in his contention that people believe what they are conditioned to believe and this comes from the repetition throughout their lives of the same falsehoods. They spew from government, corporations, media and endless streams of ‘experts’ telling you what the Cult wants you to believe and o en believing it themselves (although far from always). ‘Experts’ are rewarded with ‘prestigious’ jobs and titles and as agents of perceptual programming with regular access to the media. The Cult has to control the narrative – control information – or they lose control of the vital, crucial, without-which-they-cannot-prevail public perception of reality. The foundation of that control today is the Internet made possible by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the incredibly sinister technological arm of the Pentagon. The Internet is the result of military technology.

DARPA openly brags about establishing the Internet which has been a long-term project to lasso the minds of the global population. I have said for decades the plan is to control information to such an extreme that eventually no one would see or hear anything that the Cult does not approve. We are closing in on that end with ferocious censorship since the ‘Covid’ hoax began and in my case it started back in the 1990s in terms of books and speaking venues. I had to create my own publishing company in 1995 precisely because no one else would publish my books even then. I think they’re all still running.

Cult Internet To secure total control of information they needed the Internet in which pre-programmed algorithms can seek out ‘unclean’ content for deletion and even stop it being posted in the first place. The Cult had to dismantle print and non-Internet broadcast media to ensure the transfer of information to the appropriate-named ‘Web’ – a critical expression of the Cult web. We’ve seen the ever-quickening demise of traditional media and control of what is le by a tiny number of corporations operating worldwide. Independent journalism in the mainstream is already dead and never was that more obvious than since the turn of 2020. The Cult wants all information communicated via the Internet to globally censor and allow the plug to be pulled any time. Lockdowns and forced isolation has meant that communication between people has been through electronic means and no longer through face-to-face discourse and discussion. Cult psychopaths have targeted the bars, restaurants, sport, venues and meeting places in general for this reason. None of this is by chance and it’s to stop people gathering in any kind of privacy or number while being able to track and monitor all Internet communications and block them as necessary. Even private messages between individuals have been censored by these fascists that control Cult fronts like Facebook, Twi er, Google and YouTube which are all officially run by Sabbatian place-people and from the background by higher-level Sabbatian place people.

Facebook, Google, Amazon and their like were seed-funded and supported into existence with money-no-object infusions of funds either directly or indirectly from DARPA and CIA technology arm In-Q-Tel. The Cult plays the long game and prepares very carefully for big plays like ‘Covid’. Amazon is another front in the psychological war and pre y much controls the global market in book sales and increasingly publishing. Amazon’s limitless funds have deleted fantastic numbers of independent publishers to seize global domination on the way to deciding which books can be sold and circulated and which cannot. Moves in that direction are already happening. Amazon’s leading light Jeff Bezos is the grandson of Lawrence Preston Gise who worked with DARPA predecessor ARPA. Amazon has big connections to the CIA and the Pentagon. The plan I have long described went like this: 1. Employ military technology to establish the Internet. 2. Sell the Internet as a place where people can freely communicate without censorship and allow that to happen until the Net becomes the central and irreversible pillar of human society. If the Internet had been highly censored from the start many would have rejected it. 3. Fund and manipulate major corporations into being to control the circulation of information on your Internet using cover stories about geeks in garages to explain how they came about. Give them unlimited funds to expand rapidly with no need to make a profit for years while non-Cult companies who need to balance the books cannot compete. You know that in these circumstances your Googles, YouTubes, Facebooks and Amazons are going to secure near monopolies by either crushing or buying up the opposition. 4. Allow freedom of expression on both the Internet and communication platforms to draw people in until the Internet is the central and irreversible pillar of human society and your communication corporations have reached a stage of near monopoly domination. 5. Then unleash your always-planned frenzy of censorship on the basis of ‘where else are you going to go?’ and continue to expand that until nothing remains that the Cult does not want its human targets to see.

The process was timed to hit the ‘Covid’ hoax to ensure the best chance possible of controlling the narrative which they knew they had to do at all costs. They were, a er all, about to unleash a ‘deadly virus’ that didn’t really exist. If you do that in an environment of free-flowing information and opinion you would be dead in the

water before you could say Gates is a psychopath. The network was in place through which the Cult-created-and-owned World Health Organization could dictate the ‘Covid’ narrative and response policy slavishly supported by Cult-owned Internet communication giants and mainstream media while those telling a different story were censored. Google, YouTube, Facebook and Twi er openly announced that they would do this. What else would we expect from Cult-owned operations like Facebook which former executives have confirmed set out to make the platform more addictive than cigare es and coldly manipulates emotions of its users to sow division between people and groups and scramble the minds of the young? If Zuckerberg lives out the rest of his life without going to jail for crimes against humanity, and most emphatically against the young, it will be a travesty of justice. Still, no ma er, cause and effect will catch up with him eventually and the same with Sergey Brin and Larry Page at Google with its CEO Sundar Pichai who fix the Google search results to promote Cult narratives and hide the opposition. Put the same key words into Google and other search engines like DuckDuckGo and you will see how different results can be. Wikipedia is another intensely biased ‘encyclopaedia’ which skews its content to the Cult agenda. YouTube links to Wikipedia’s version of ‘Covid’ and ‘climate change’ on video pages in which experts in their field offer a different opinion (even that is increasingly rare with Wojcicki censorship). Into this ‘Covid’ silencethem network must be added government media censors, sorry ‘regulators’, such as Ofcom in the UK which imposed tyrannical restrictions on British broadcasters that had the effect of banning me from ever appearing. Just to debate with me about my evidence and views on ‘Covid’ would mean breaking the fascistic impositions of Ofcom and its CEO career government bureaucrat Melanie Dawes. Gutless British broadcasters tremble at the very thought of fascist Ofcom.

Psychos behind ‘Covid’

The reason for the ‘Covid’ catastrophe in all its facets and forms can be seen by whom and what is driving the policies worldwide in such a coordinated way. Decisions are not being made to protect health, but to target psychology. The dominant group guiding and ‘advising’ government policy are not medical professionals. They are psychologists and behavioural scientists. Every major country has its own version of this phenomenon and I’ll use the British example to show how it works. In many ways the British version has been affecting the wider world in the form of the huge behaviour manipulation network in the UK which operates in other countries. The network involves private companies, government, intelligence and military. The Cabinet Office is at the centre of the government ‘Covid’ Psyop and part-owns, with ‘innovation charity’ Nesta, the Behavioural Insights Team (BIT) which claims to be independent of government but patently isn’t. The BIT was established in 2010 and its job is to manipulate the psyche of the population to acquiesce to government demands and so much more. It is also known as the ‘Nudge Unit’, a name inspired by the 2009 book by two ultraZionists, Cass Sunstein and Richard Thaler, called Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. The book, as with the Behavioural Insights Team, seeks to ‘nudge’ behaviour (manipulate it) to make the public follow pa erns of action and perception that suit those in authority (the Cult). Sunstein is so skilled at this that he advises the World Health Organization and the UK Behavioural Insights Team and was Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Obama administration. Biden appointed him to the Department of Homeland Security – another ultra-Zionist in the fold to oversee new immigration laws which is another policy the Cult wants to control. Sunstein is desperate to silence anyone exposing conspiracies and co-authored a 2008 report on the subject in which suggestions were offered to ban ‘conspiracy theorizing’ or impose ‘some kind of tax, financial or otherwise, on those who disseminate such theories’. I guess a psychiatrist’s chair is out of the question?

Sunstein’s mate Richard Thaler, an ‘academic affiliate’ of the UK Behavioural Insights Team, is a proponent of ‘behavioural economics’ which is defined as the study of ‘the effects of psychological, cognitive, emotional, cultural and social factors on the decisions of individuals and institutions’. Study the effects so they can be manipulated to be what you want them to be. Other leading names in the development of behavioural economics are ultraZionists Daniel Kahneman and Robert J. Shiller and they, with Thaler, won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for their work in this field. The Behavioural Insights Team is operating at the heart of the UK government and has expanded globally through partnerships with several universities including Harvard, Oxford, Cambridge, University College London (UCL) and Pennsylvania. They claim to have ‘trained’ (reframed) 20,000 civil servants and run more than 750 projects involving 400 randomised controlled trials in dozens of countries’ as another version of mind reframers Common Purpose. BIT works from its office in New York with cities and their agencies, as well as other partners, across the United States and Canada – this is a company part-owned by the British government Cabinet Office. An executive order by President Cult-servant Obama established a US Social and Behavioral Sciences Team in 2015. They all have the same reason for being and that’s to brainwash the population directly and by brainwashing those in positions of authority.

‘Covid’ mind game Another prime aspect of the UK mind-control network is the ‘independent’ [joke] Scientific Pandemic Insights Group on Behaviours (SPI-B) which ‘provides behavioural science advice aimed at anticipating and helping people adhere to interventions that are recommended by medical or epidemiological experts’. That means manipulating public perception and behaviour to do whatever government tells them to do. It’s disgusting and if they really want the public to be ‘safe’ this lot should all be under lock and key. According to the government website SPI-B consists of

‘behavioural scientists, health and social psychologists, anthropologists and historians’ and advises the Whi y-Vallance-led Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE) which in turn advises the government on ‘the science’ (it doesn’t) and ‘Covid’ policy. When politicians say they are being guided by ‘the science’ this is the rabble in each country they are talking about and that ‘science’ is dominated by behaviour manipulators to enforce government fascism through public compliance. The Behaviour Insight Team is headed by psychologist David Solomon Halpern, a visiting professor at King’s College London, and connects with a national and global web of other civilian and military organisations as the Cult moves towards its goal of fusing them into one fascistic whole in every country through its ‘Fusion Doctrine’. The behaviour manipulation network involves, but is not confined to, the Foreign Office; National Security Council; government communications headquarters (GCHQ); MI5; MI6; the Cabinet Office-based Media Monitoring Unit; and the Rapid Response Unit which ‘monitors digital trends to spot emerging issues; including misinformation and disinformation; and identifies the best way to respond’. There is also the 77th Brigade of the UK military which operates like the notorious Israeli military’s Unit 8200 in manipulating information and discussion on the Internet by posing as members of the public to promote the narrative and discredit those who challenge it. Here we have the military seeking to manipulate domestic public opinion while the Nazis in government are fine with that. Conservative Member of Parliament Tobias Ellwood, an advocate of lockdown and control through ‘vaccine passports’, is a Lieutenant Colonel reservist in the 77th Brigade which connects with the military operation jHub, the ‘innovation centre’ for the Ministry of Defence and Strategic Command. jHub has also been involved with the civilian National Health Service (NHS) in ‘symptom tracing’ the population. The NHS is a key part of this mind control network and produced a document in December, 2020, explaining to staff how to use psychological manipulation with different groups and ages to get them to have the DNA-manipulating ‘Covid vaccine’

that’s designed to cumulatively rewrite human genetics. The document, called ‘Optimising Vaccination Roll Out – Do’s and Dont’s for all messaging, documents and “communications” in the widest sense’, was published by NHS England and the NHS Improvement Behaviour Change Unit in partnership with Public Health England and Warwick Business School. I hear the mantra about ‘save the NHS’ and ‘protect the NHS’ when we need to scrap the NHS and start again. The current version is far too corrupt, far too anti-human and totally compromised by Cult operatives and their assets. UK government broadcast media censor Ofcom will connect into this web – as will the BBC with its tremendous Ofcom influence – to control what the public see and hear and dictate mass perception. Nuremberg trials must include personnel from all these organisations.

The fear factor The ‘Covid’ hoax has led to the creation of the UK Cabinet Officeconnected Joint Biosecurity Centre (JBC) which is officially described as providing ‘expert advice on pandemics’ using its independent [all Cult operations are ‘independent’] analytical function to provide real-time analysis about infection outbreaks to identify and respond to outbreaks of Covid-19’. Another role is to advise the government on a response to spikes in infections – ‘for example by closing schools or workplaces in local areas where infection levels have risen’. Put another way, promoting the Cult agenda. The Joint Biosecurity Centre is modelled on the Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre which analyses intelligence to set ‘terrorism threat levels’ and here again you see the fusion of civilian and military operations and intelligence that has led to military intelligence producing documents about ‘vaccine hesitancy’ and how it can be combated. Domestic civilian ma ers and opinions should not be the business of the military. The Joint Biosecurity Centre is headed by Tom Hurd, director general of the Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism from the establishment-to-its-fingertips Hurd family. His father is former Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd. How coincidental that Tom

Hurd went to the elite Eton College and Oxford University with Boris Johnson. Imperial College with its ridiculous computer modeller Neil Ferguson will connect with this gigantic web that will itself interconnect with similar set-ups in other major and not so major countries. Compared with this Cult network the politicians, be they Boris Johnson, Donald Trump or Joe Biden, are bit-part players ‘following the science’. The network of psychologists was on the ‘Covid’ case from the start with the aim of generating maximum fear of the ‘virus’ to ensure compliance by the population. A government behavioural science group known as SPI-B produced a paper in March, 2020, for discussion by the main government science advisory group known as SAGE. It was headed ‘Options for increasing adherence to social distancing measures’ and it said the following in a section headed ‘Persuasion’: • A substantial number of people still do not feel sufficiently personally threatened; it could be that they are reassured by the low death rate in their demographic group, although levels of concern may be rising. Having a good understanding of the risk has been found to be positively associated with adoption of COVID-19 social distancing measures in Hong Kong. • The perceived level of personal threat needs to be increased among those who are complacent, using hard-hi ing evaluation of options for increasing social distancing emotional messaging. To be effective this must also empower people by making clear the actions they can take to reduce the threat. • Responsibility to others: There seems to be insufficient understanding of, or feelings of responsibility about, people’s role in transmi ing the infection to others … Messaging about actions need to be framed positively in terms of protecting oneself and the community, and increase confidence that they will be effective. • Some people will be more persuaded by appeals to play by the rules, some by duty to the community, and some to personal risk.

All these different approaches are needed. The messaging also needs to take account of the realities of different people’s lives. Messaging needs to take account of the different motivational levers and circumstances of different people. All this could be achieved the SPI-B psychologists said by using the media to increase the sense of personal threat which translates as terrify the shit out of the population, including children, so they all do what we want. That’s not happened has it? Those excuses for ‘journalists’ who wouldn’t know journalism if it bit them on the arse (the great majority) have played their crucial part in serving this Cultgovernment Psyop to enslave their own kids and grandkids. How they live with themselves I have no idea. The psychological war has been underpinned by constant government ‘Covid’ propaganda in almost every television and radio ad break, plus the Internet and print media, which has pounded out the fear with taxpayers footing the bill for their own programming. The result has been people terrified of a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist or one with a tiny fatality rate even if you believe it does. People walk down the street and around the shops wearing face-nappies damaging their health and psychology while others report those who refuse to be that naïve to the police who turn up in their own face-nappies. I had a cameraman come to my flat and he was so frightened of ‘Covid’ he came in wearing a mask and refused to shake my hand in case he caught something. He had – naïveitis – and the thought that he worked in the mainstream media was both depressing and made his behaviour perfectly explainable. The fear which has gripped the minds of so many and frozen them into compliance has been carefully cultivated by these psychologists who are really psychopaths. If lives get destroyed and a lot of young people commit suicide it shows our plan is working. SPI-B then turned to compulsion on the public to comply. ‘With adequate preparation, rapid change can be achieved’, it said. Some countries had introduced mandatory self-isolation on a wide scale without evidence of major public unrest and a large majority of the UK’s population appeared to be supportive of more coercive measures with 64 percent of adults saying they would

support pu ing London under a lockdown (watch the ‘polls’ which are designed to make people believe that public opinion is in favour or against whatever the subject in hand). For ‘aggressive protective measures’ to be effective, the SPI-B paper said, special a ention should be devoted to those population groups that are more at risk. Translated from the Orwellian this means making the rest of population feel guilty for not protecting the ‘vulnerable’ such as old people which the Cult and its agencies were about to kill on an industrial scale with lockdown, lack of treatment and the Gates ‘vaccine’. Psychopath psychologists sold their guilt-trip so comprehensively that Los Angeles County Supervisor Hilda Solis reported that children were apologising (from a distance) to their parents and grandparents for bringing ‘Covid’ into their homes and ge ing them sick. ‘… These apologies are just some of the last words that loved ones will ever hear as they die alone,’ she said. Gut-wrenchingly Solis then used this childhood tragedy to tell children to stay at home and ‘keep your loved ones alive’. Imagine heaping such potentially life-long guilt on a kid when it has absolutely nothing to do with them. These people are deeply disturbed and the psychologists behind this even more so.

Uncivil war – divide and rule Professional mind-controllers at SPI-B wanted the media to increase a sense of responsibility to others (do as you’re told) and promote ‘positive messaging’ for those actions while in contrast to invoke ‘social disapproval’ by the unquestioning, obedient, community of anyone with a mind of their own. Again the compliant Goebbels-like media obliged. This is an old, old, trick employed by tyrannies the world over throughout human history. You get the target population to keep the target population in line – your line. SPI-B said this could ‘play an important role in preventing anti-social behaviour or discouraging failure to enact pro-social behaviour’. For ‘anti-social’ in the Orwellian parlance of SPI-B see any behaviour that government doesn’t approve. SPI-B recommendations said that ‘social disapproval’ should be accompanied by clear messaging and

promotion of strong collective identity – hence the government and celebrity mantra of ‘we’re all in this together’. Sure we are. The mind doctors have such contempt for their targets that they think some clueless comedian, actor or singer telling them to do what the government wants will be enough to win them over. We have had UK comedian Lenny Henry, actor Michael Caine and singer Elton John wheeled out to serve the propagandists by urging people to have the DNA-manipulating ‘Covid’ non-’vaccine’. The role of Henry and fellow black celebrities in seeking to coax a ‘vaccine’ reluctant black community into doing the government’s will was especially stomach-turning. An emotion-manipulating script and carefully edited video featuring these black ‘celebs’ was such an insult to the intelligence of black people and where’s the self-respect of those involved selling their souls to a fascist government agenda? Henry said he heard black people’s ‘legitimate worries and concerns’, but people must ‘trust the facts’ when they were doing exactly that by not having the ‘vaccine’. They had to include the obligatory reference to Black Lives Ma er with the line … ‘Don’t let coronavirus cost even more black lives – because we ma er’. My god, it was pathetic. ‘I know the vaccine is safe and what it does.’ How? ‘I’m a comedian and it says so in my script.’ SPI-B said social disapproval needed to be carefully managed to avoid victimisation, scapegoating and misdirected criticism, but they knew that their ‘recommendations’ would lead to exactly that and the media were specifically used to stir-up the divide-and-conquer hostility. Those who conform like good li le baa, baas, are praised while those who have seen through the tidal wave of lies are ‘Covidiots’. The awake have been abused by the fast asleep for not conforming to fascism and impositions that the awake know are designed to endanger their health, dehumanise them, and tear asunder the very fabric of human society. We have had the curtaintwitchers and morons reporting neighbours and others to the facenappied police for breaking ‘Covid rules’ with fascist police delighting in posting links and phone numbers where this could be done. The Cult cannot impose its will without a compliant police

and military or a compliant population willing to play their part in enslaving themselves and their kids. The words of a pastor in Nazi Germany are so appropriate today: First they came for the socialists and I did not speak out because I was not a socialist. Then they came for the trade unionists and I did not speak out because I was not a trade unionist. Then they came for the Jews and I did not speak out because I was not a Jew. Then they came for me and there was no one left to speak for me.

Those who don’t learn from history are destined to repeat it and so many are.

‘Covid’ rules: Rewiring the mind With the background laid out to this gigantic national and global web of psychological manipulation we can put ‘Covid’ rules into a clear and sinister perspective. Forget the claims about protecting health. ‘Covid’ rules are about dismantling the human mind, breaking the human spirit, destroying self-respect, and then pu ing Humpty Dumpty together again as a servile, submissive slave. Social isolation through lockdown and distancing have devastating effects on the human psyche as the psychological psychopaths well know and that’s the real reason for them. Humans need contact with each other, discourse, closeness and touch, or they eventually, and literarily, go crazy. Masks, which I will address at some length, fundamentally add to the effects of isolation and the Cult agenda to dehumanise and de-individualise the population. To do this while knowing – in fact seeking – this outcome is the very epitome of evil and psychologists involved in this are the epitome of evil. They must like all the rest of the Cult demons and their assets stand trial for crimes against humanity on a scale that defies the imagination. Psychopaths in uniform use isolation to break enemy troops and agents and make them subservient and submissive to tell what they know. The technique is rightly considered a form of torture and

torture is most certainly what has been imposed on the human population. Clinically-insane American psychologist Harry Harlow became famous for his isolation experiments in the 1950s in which he separated baby monkeys from their mothers and imprisoned them for months on end in a metal container or ‘pit of despair’. They soon began to show mental distress and depression as any idiot could have predicted. Harlow put other monkeys in steel chambers for three, six or twelve months while denying them any contact with animals or humans. He said that the effects of total social isolation for six months were ‘so devastating and debilitating that we had assumed initially that twelve months of isolation would not produce any additional decrement’; but twelve months of isolation ‘almost obliterated the animals socially’. This is what the Cult and its psychopaths are doing to you and your children. Even monkeys in partial isolation in which they were not allowed to form relationships with other monkeys became ‘aggressive and hostile, not only to others, but also towards their own bodies’. We have seen this in the young as a consequence of lockdown. UK government psychopaths launched a public relations campaign telling people not to hug each other even a er they received the ‘Covid-19 vaccine’ which we were told with more lies would allow a return to ‘normal life’. A government source told The Telegraph: ‘It will be along the lines that it is great that you have been vaccinated, but if you are going to visit your family and hug your grandchildren there is a chance you are going to infect people you love.’ The source was apparently speaking from a secure psychiatric facility. Janet Lord, director of Birmingham University’s Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, said that parents and grandparents should avoid hugging their children. Well, how can I put it, Ms Lord? Fuck off. Yep, that’ll do.

Destroying the kids – where are the parents? Observe what has happened to people enslaved and isolated by lockdown as suicide and self-harm has soared worldwide,

particularly among the young denied the freedom to associate with their friends. A study of 49,000 people in English-speaking countries concluded that almost half of young adults are at clinical risk of mental health disorders. A national survey in America of 1,000 currently enrolled high school and college students found that 5 percent reported a empting suicide during the pandemic. Data from the US CDC’s National Syndromic Surveillance Program from January 1st to October 17th, 2020, revealed a 31 percent increase in mental health issues among adolescents aged 12 to 17 compared with 2019. The CDC reported that America in general suffered the biggest drop in life expectancy since World War Two as it fell by a year in the first half of 2020 as a result of ‘deaths of despair’ – overdoses and suicides. Deaths of despair have leapt by more than 20 percent during lockdown and include the highest number of fatal overdoses ever recorded in a single year – 81,000. Internet addiction is another consequence of being isolated at home which lowers interest in physical activities as kids fall into inertia and what’s the point? Children and young people are losing hope and giving up on life, sometimes literally. A 14-year-old boy killed himself in Maryland because he had ‘given up’ when his school district didn’t reopen; an 11-year-old boy shot himself during a zoom class; a teenager in Maine succumbed to the isolation of the ‘pandemic’ when he ended his life a er experiencing a disrupted senior year at school. Children as young as nine have taken their life and all these stories can be repeated around the world. Careers are being destroyed before they start and that includes those in sport in which promising youngsters have not been able to take part. The plan of the psycho-psychologists is working all right. Researchers at Cambridge University found that lockdowns cause significant harm to children’s mental health. Their study was published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood, and followed 168 children aged between 7 and 11. The researchers concluded: During the UK lockdown, children’s depression symptoms have increased substantially, relative to before lockdown. The scale of this effect has direct relevance for the continuation of different elements of lockdown policy, such as complete or partial school closures …

… Specifically, we observed a statistically significant increase in ratings of depression, with a medium-to-large effect size. Our findings emphasise the need to incorporate the potential impact of lockdown on child mental health in planning the ongoing response to the global pandemic and the recovery from it.

Not a chance when the Cult’s psycho-psychologists were ge ing exactly what they wanted. The UK’s Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health has urged parents to look for signs of eating disorders in children and young people a er a three to four fold increase. Specialists say the ‘pandemic’ is a major reason behind the rise. You don’t say. The College said isolation from friends during school closures, exam cancellations, loss of extra-curricular activities like sport, and an increased use of social media were all contributory factors along with fears about the virus (psycho-psychologists again), family finances, and students being forced to quarantine. Doctors said young people were becoming severely ill by the time they were seen with ‘Covid’ regulations reducing face-to-face consultations. Nor is it only the young that have been devastated by the psychopaths. Like all bullies and cowards the Cult is targeting the young, elderly, weak and infirm. A typical story was told by a British lady called Lynn Parker who was not allowed to visit her husband in 2020 for the last ten and half months of his life ‘when he needed me most’ between March 20th and when he died on December 19th. This vacates the criminal and enters the territory of evil. The emotional impact on the immune system alone is immense as are the number of people of all ages worldwide who have died as a result of Cult-demanded, Gates-demanded, lockdowns.

Isolation is torture The experience of imposing solitary confinement on millions of prisoners around the world has shown how a large percentage become ‘actively psychotic and/or acutely suicidal’. Social isolation has been found to trigger ‘a specific psychiatric syndrome, characterized by hallucinations; panic a acks; overt paranoia; diminished impulse control; hypersensitivity to external stimuli; and difficulties with thinking, concentration and memory’. Juan Mendez,

a United Nations rapporteur (investigator), said that isolation is a form of torture. Research has shown that even a er isolation prisoners find it far more difficult to make social connections and I remember cha ing to a shop assistant a er one lockdown who told me that when her young son met another child again he had no idea how to act or what to do. Hannah Flanagan, Director of Emergency Services at Journey Mental Health Center in Dane County, Wisconsin, said: ‘The specificity about Covid social distancing and isolation that we’ve come across as contributing factors to the suicides are really new to us this year.’ But they are not new to those that devised them. They are ge ing the effect they want as the population is psychologically dismantled to be rebuilt in a totally different way. Children and the young are particularly targeted. They will be the adults when the full-on fascist AI-controlled technocracy is planned to be imposed and they are being prepared to meekly submit. At the same time older people who still have a memory of what life was like before – and how fascist the new normal really is – are being deleted. You are going to see efforts to turn the young against the old to support this geriatric genocide. Hannah Flanagan said the big increase in suicide in her county proved that social isolation is not only harmful, but deadly. Studies have shown that isolation from others is one of the main risk factors in suicide and even more so with women. Warnings that lockdown could create a ‘perfect storm’ for suicide were ignored. A er all this was one of the reasons for lockdown. Suicide, however, is only the most extreme of isolation consequences. There are many others. Dr Dhruv Khullar, assistant professor of healthcare policy at Weill Cornell Medical College, said in a New York Times article in 2016 long before the fake ‘pandemic’: A wave of new research suggests social separation is bad for us. Individuals with less social connection have disrupted sleep patterns, altered immune systems, more inflammation and higher levels of stress hormones. One recent study found that isolation increases the risk of heart disease by 29 percent and stroke by 32 percent. Another analysis that pooled data from 70 studies and 3.4 million people found that socially isolated individuals had a 30 percent higher risk of dying in the next seven years, and that this effect was largest in middle age.

Loneliness can accelerate cognitive decline in older adults, and isolated individuals are twice as likely to die prematurely as those with more robust social interactions. These effects start early: Socially isolated children have significantly poorer health 20 years later, even after controlling for other factors. All told, loneliness is as important a risk factor for early death as obesity and smoking.

There you have proof from that one article alone four years before 2020 that those who have enforced lockdown, social distancing and isolation knew what the effect would be and that is even more so with professional psychologists that have been driving the policy across the globe. We can go back even further to the years 2000 and 2003 and the start of a major study on the effects of isolation on health by Dr Janine Gronewold and Professor Dirk M. Hermann at the University Hospital in Essen, Germany, who analysed data on 4,316 people with an average age of 59 who were recruited for the long-term research project. They found that socially isolated people are more than 40 percent more likely to have a heart a ack, stroke, or other major cardiovascular event and nearly 50 percent more likely to die from any cause. Given the financial Armageddon unleashed by lockdown we should note that the study found a relationship between increased cardiovascular risk and lack of financial support. A er excluding other factors social isolation was still connected to a 44 percent increased risk of cardiovascular problems and a 47 percent increased risk of death by any cause. Lack of financial support was associated with a 30 percent increase in the risk of cardiovascular health events. Dr Gronewold said it had been known for some time that feeling lonely or lacking contact with close friends and family can have an impact on physical health and the study had shown that having strong social relationships is of high importance for heart health. Gronewold said they didn’t understand yet why people who are socially isolated have such poor health outcomes, but this was obviously a worrying finding, particularly during these times of prolonged social distancing. Well, it can be explained on many levels. You only have to identify the point in the body where people feel loneliness and missing people they are parted from – it’s in the centre of the chest where they feel the ache of loneliness and the ache of missing people. ‘My heart aches for

you’ … ‘My heart aches for some company.’ I will explain this more in the chapter Escaping Wetiko, but when you realise that the body is the mind – they are expressions of each other – the reason why state of the mind dictates state of the body becomes clear. American psychologist Ranjit Powar was highlighting the effects of lockdown isolation as early as April, 2020. She said humans have evolved to be social creatures and are wired to live in interactive groups. Being isolated from family, friends and colleagues could be unbalancing and traumatic for most people and could result in short or even long-term psychological and physical health problems. An increase in levels of anxiety, aggression, depression, forgetfulness and hallucinations were possible psychological effects of isolation. ‘Mental conditions may be precipitated for those with underlying pre-existing susceptibilities and show up in many others without any pre-condition.’ Powar said personal relationships helped us cope with stress and if we lost this outlet for le ing off steam the result can be a big emotional void which, for an average person, was difficult to deal with. ‘Just a few days of isolation can cause increased levels of anxiety and depression’ – so what the hell has been the effect on the global population of 18 months of this at the time of writing? Powar said: ‘Add to it the looming threat of a dreadful disease being repeatedly hammered in through the media and you have a recipe for many shades of mental and physical distress.’ For those with a house and a garden it is easy to forget that billions have had to endure lockdown isolation in tiny overcrowded flats and apartments with nowhere to go outside. The psychological and physical consequences of this are unimaginable and with lunatic and abusive partners and parents the consequences have led to tremendous increases in domestic and child abuse and alcoholism as people seek to shut out the horror. Ranjit Powar said: Staying in a confined space with family is not all a rosy picture for everyone. It can be extremely oppressive and claustrophobic for large low-income families huddled together in small single-room houses. Children here are not lucky enough to have many board/electronic games or books to keep them occupied.

Add to it the deep insecurity of running out of funds for food and basic necessities. On the other hand, there are people with dysfunctional family dynamics, such as domineering, abusive or alcoholic partners, siblings or parents which makes staying home a period of trial. Incidence of suicide and physical abuse against women has shown a worldwide increase. Heightened anxiety and depression also affect a person’s immune system, making them more susceptible to illness.

To think that Powar’s article was published on April 11th, 2020.

Six-feet fantasy Social (unsocial) distancing demanded that people stay six feet or two metres apart. UK government advisor Robert Dingwall from the New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group said in a radio interview that the two-metre rule was ‘conjured up out of nowhere’ and was not based on science. No, it was not based on medical science, but it didn’t come out of nowhere. The distance related to psychological science. Six feet/two metres was adopted in many countries and we were told by people like the criminal Anthony Fauci and his ilk that it was founded on science. Many schools could not reopen because they did not have the space for sixfeet distancing. Then in March, 2021, a er a year of six-feet ‘science’, a study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases involving more than 500,000 students and almost 100,000 staff over 16 weeks revealed no significant difference in ‘Covid’ cases between six feet and three feet and Fauci changed his tune. Now three feet was okay. There is no difference between six feet and three inches when there is no ‘virus’ and they got away with six feet for psychological reasons for as long as they could. I hear journalists and others talk about ‘unintended consequences’ of lockdown. They are not unintended at all; they have been coldly-calculated for a specific outcome of human control and that’s why super-psychopaths like Gates have called for them so vehemently. Super-psychopath psychologists have demanded them and psychopathic or clueless, spineless, politicians have gone along with them by ‘following the science’. But it’s not science at all. ‘Science’ is not what is; it’s only what people can be manipulated to believe it is. The whole ‘Covid’ catastrophe is

founded on mind control. Three word or three statement mantras issued by the UK government are a well-known mind control technique and so we’ve had ‘Stay home/protect the NHS/save lives’, ‘Stay alert/control the virus/save lives’ and ‘hands/face/space’. One of the most vocal proponents of extreme ‘Covid’ rules in the UK has been Professor Susan Michie, a member of the British Communist Party, who is not a medical professional. Michie is the director of the Centre for Behaviour Change at University College London. She is a behavioural psychologist and another filthy rich ‘Marxist’ who praised China’s draconian lockdown. She was known by fellow students at Oxford University as ‘Stalin’s nanny’ for her extreme Marxism. Michie is an influential member of the UK government’s Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE) and behavioural manipulation groups which have dominated ‘Covid’ policy. She is a consultant adviser to the World Health Organization on ‘Covid-19’ and behaviour. Why the hell are lockdowns anything to do with her when they are claimed to be about health? Why does a behavioural psychologist from a group charged with changing the behaviour of the public want lockdown, human isolation and mandatory masks? Does that question really need an answer? Michie absolutely has to explain herself before a Nuremberg court when humanity takes back its world again and even more so when you see the consequences of masks that she demands are compulsory. This is a Michie classic: The benefits of getting primary school children to wear masks is that regardless of what little degree of transmission is occurring in those age groups it could help normalise the practice. Young children wearing masks may be more likely to get their families to accept masks.

Those words alone should carry a prison sentence when you ponder on the callous disregard for children involved and what a statement it makes about the mind and motivations of Susan Michie. What a lovely lady and what she said there encapsulates the mentality of the psychopaths behind the ‘Covid’ horror. Let us compare what Michie said with a countrywide study in Germany published at researchsquare.com involving 25,000 school children and 17,854 health complaints submi ed by parents. Researchers

found that masks are harming children physically, psychologically, and behaviourally with 24 health issues associated with mask wearing. They include: shortness of breath (29.7%); dizziness (26.4%); increased headaches (53%); difficulty concentrating (50%); drowsiness or fatigue (37%); and malaise (42%). Nearly a third of children experienced more sleep issues than before and a quarter developed new fears. Researchers found health issues and other impairments in 68 percent of masked children covering their faces for an average of 4.5 hours a day. Hundreds of those taking part experienced accelerated respiration, tightness in the chest, weakness, and short-term impairment of consciousness. A reminder of what Michie said again: The benefits of getting primary school children to wear masks is that regardless of what little degree of transmission is occurring in those age groups it could help normalise the practice. Young children wearing masks may be more likely to get their families to accept masks.

Psychopaths in government and psychology now have children and young people – plus all the adults – wearing masks for hours on end while clueless teachers impose the will of the psychopaths on the young they should be protecting. What the hell are parents doing?

Cult lab rats We have some schools already imposing on students microchipped buzzers that activate when they get ‘too close’ to their pals in the way they do with lab rats. How apt. To the Cult and its brain-dead servants our children are lab rats being conditioned to be unquestioning, dehumanised slaves for the rest of their lives. Children and young people are being weaned and frightened away from the most natural human instincts including closeness and touch. I have tracked in the books over the years how schools were banning pupils from greeting each other with a hug and the whole Cult-induced Me Too movement has terrified men and boys from a relaxed and natural interaction with female friends and work colleagues to the point where many men try never to be in a room

alone with a woman that’s not their partner. Airhead celebrities have as always played their virtue-signalling part in making this happen with their gross exaggeration. For every monster like Harvey Weinstein there are at least tens of thousands of men that don’t treat women like that; but everyone must be branded the same and policy changed for them as well as the monster. I am going to be using the word ‘dehumanise’ many times in this chapter because that is what the Cult is seeking to do and it goes very deep as we shall see. Don’t let them kid you that social distancing is planned to end one day. That’s not the idea. We are seeing more governments and companies funding and producing wearable gadgets to keep people apart and they would not be doing that if this was meant to be short-term. A tech start-up company backed by GCHQ, the British Intelligence and military surveillance headquarters, has created a social distancing wrist sensor that alerts people when they get too close to others. The CIA has also supported tech companies developing similar devices. The wearable sensor was developed by Tended, one of a number of start-up companies supported by GCHQ (see the CIA and DARPA). The device can be worn on the wrist or as a tag on the waistband and will vibrate whenever someone wearing the device breaches social distancing and gets anywhere near natural human contact. The company had a lucky break in that it was developing a distancing sensor when the ‘Covid’ hoax arrived which immediately provided a potentially enormous market. How fortunate. The government in big-time Cult-controlled Ontario in Canada is investing $2.5 million in wearable contact tracing technology that ‘will alert users if they may have been exposed to the Covid-19 in the workplace and will beep or vibrate if they are within six feet of another person’. Facedrive Inc., the technology company behind this, was founded in 2016 with funding from the Ontario Together Fund and obviously they, too, had a prophet on the board of directors. The human surveillance and control technology is called TraceSCAN and would be worn by the human cyborgs in places such as airports, workplaces, construction sites, care homes and … schools.

I emphasise schools with children and young people the prime targets. You know what is planned for society as a whole if you keep your eyes on the schools. They have always been places where the state program the next generation of slaves to be its compliant worker-ants – or Woker-ants these days; but in the mist of the ‘Covid’ madness they have been transformed into mind laboratories on a scale never seen before. Teachers and head teachers are just as programmed as the kids – o en more so. Children are kept apart from human interaction by walk lanes, classroom distancing, staggered meal times, masks, and the rolling-out of buzzer systems. Schools are now physically laid out as a laboratory maze for lab-rats. Lunatics at a school in Anchorage, Alaska, who should be prosecuted for child abuse, took away desks and forced children to kneel (know your place) on a mat for five hours a day while wearing a mask and using their chairs as a desk. How this was supposed to impact on a ‘virus’ only these clinically insane people can tell you and even then it would be clap-trap. The school banned recess (interaction), art classes (creativity), and physical exercise (ge ing body and mind moving out of inertia). Everyone behind this outrage should be in jail or be er still a mental institution. The behavioural manipulators are all for this dystopian approach to schools. Professor Susan Michie, the mind-doctor and British Communist Party member, said it was wrong to say that schools were safe. They had to be made so by ‘distancing’, masks and ventilation (si ing all day in the cold). I must ask this lady round for dinner on a night I know I am going to be out and not back for weeks. She probably wouldn’t be able to make it, anyway, with all the visits to her own psychologist she must have block-booked.

Masking identity I know how shocking it must be for you that a behaviour manipulator like Michie wants everyone to wear masks which have long been a feature of mind-control programs like the infamous MKUltra in the United States, but, there we are. We live and learn. I spent many years from 1996 to right across the millennium

researching mind control in detail on both sides of the Atlantic and elsewhere. I met a large number of mind-control survivors and many had been held captive in body and mind by MKUltra. MK stands for mind-control, but employs the German spelling in deference to the Nazis spirited out of Germany at the end of World War Two by Operation Paperclip in which the US authorities, with help from the Vatican, transported Nazi mind-controllers and engineers to America to continue their work. Many of them were behind the creation of NASA and they included Nazi scientist and SS officer Wernher von Braun who swapped designing V-2 rockets to bombard London with designing the Saturn V rockets that powered the NASA moon programme’s Apollo cra . I think I may have mentioned that the Cult has no borders. Among Paperclip escapees was Josef Mengele, the Angel of Death in the Nazi concentration camps where he conducted mind and genetic experiments on children o en using twins to provide a control twin to measure the impact of his ‘work’ on the other. If you want to observe the Cult mentality in all its extremes of evil then look into the life of Mengele. I have met many people who suffered mercilessly under Mengele in the United States where he operated under the name Dr Greene and became a stalwart of MKUltra programming and torture. Among his locations was the underground facility in the Mojave Desert in California called the China Lake Naval Weapons Station which is almost entirely below the surface. My books The Biggest Secret, Children of the Matrix and The Perception Deception have the detailed background to MKUltra. The best-known MKUltra survivor is American Cathy O’Brien. I first met her and her late partner Mark Phillips at a conference in Colorado in 1996. Mark helped her escape and deprogram from decades of captivity in an offshoot of MKUltra known as Project Monarch in which ‘sex slaves’ were provided for the rich and famous including Father George Bush, Dick Cheney and the Clintons. Read Cathy and Mark’s book Trance-Formation of America and if you are new to this you will be shocked to the core. I read it in 1996 shortly before, with the usual synchronicity of my life, I found

myself given a book table at the conference right next to hers. MKUltra never ended despite being very publicly exposed (only a small part of it) in the 1970s and continues in other guises. I am still in touch with Cathy. She contacted me during 2020 a er masks became compulsory in many countries to tell me how they were used as part of MKUltra programming. I had been observing ‘Covid regulations’ and the relationship between authority and public for months. I saw techniques that I knew were employed on individuals in MKUltra being used on the global population. I had read many books and manuals on mind control including one called Silent Weapons for Quiet Wars which came to light in the 1980s and was a guide on how to perceptually program on a mass scale. ‘Silent Weapons’ refers to mind-control. I remembered a line from the manual as governments, medical authorities and law enforcement agencies have so obviously talked to – or rather at – the adult population since the ‘Covid’ hoax began as if they are children. The document said: If a person is spoken to by a T.V. advertiser as if he were a twelve-year-old, then, due to suggestibility, he will, with a certain probability, respond or react to that suggestion with the uncritical response of a twelve-year-old and will reach in to his economic reservoir and deliver its energy to buy that product on impulse when he passes it in the store.

That’s why authority has spoken to adults like children since all this began.

Why did Michael Jackson wear masks? Every aspect of the ‘Covid’ narrative has mind-control as its central theme. Cathy O’Brien wrote an article for davidicke.com about the connection between masks and mind control. Her daughter Kelly who I first met in the 1990s was born while Cathy was still held captive in MKUltra. Kelly was forced to wear a mask as part of her programming from the age of two to dehumanise her, target her sense of individuality and reduce the amount of oxygen her brain and body received. Bingo. This is the real reason for compulsory

masks, why they have been enforced en masse, and why they seek to increase the number they demand you wear. First one, then two, with one disgraceful alleged ‘doctor’ recommending four which is nothing less than a death sentence. Where and how o en they must be worn is being expanded for the purpose of mass mind control and damaging respiratory health which they can call ‘Covid-19’. Canada’s government headed by the man-child Justin Trudeau, says it’s fine for children of two and older to wear masks. An insane ‘study’ in Italy involving just 47 children concluded there was no problem for babies as young as four months wearing them. Even a er people were ‘vaccinated’ they were still told to wear masks by the criminal that is Anthony Fauci. Cathy wrote that mandating masks is allowing the authorities literally to control the air we breathe which is what was done in MKUltra. You might recall how the singer Michael Jackson wore masks and there is a reason for that. He was subjected to MKUltra mind control through Project Monarch and his psyche was scrambled by these simpletons. Cathy wrote: In MKUltra Project Monarch mind control, Michael Jackson had to wear a mask to silence his voice so he could not reach out for help. Remember how he developed that whisper voice when he wasn’t singing? Masks control the mind from the outside in, like the redefining of words is doing. By controlling what we can and cannot say for fear of being labeled racist or beaten, for example, it ultimately controls thought that drives our words and ultimately actions (or lack thereof). Likewise, a mask muffles our speech so that we are not heard, which controls voice … words … mind. This is Mind Control. Masks are an obvious mind control device, and I am disturbed so many people are complying on a global scale. Masks depersonalize while making a person feel as though they have no voice. It is a barrier to others. People who would never choose to comply but are forced to wear a mask in order to keep their job, and ultimately their family fed, are compromised. They often feel shame and are subdued. People have stopped talking with each other while media controls the narrative.

The ‘no voice’ theme has o en become literal with train passengers told not to speak to each other in case they pass on the ‘virus’, singing banned for the same reason and bonkers California officials telling people riding roller coasters that they cannot shout and scream. Cathy said she heard every day from healed MKUltra survivors who cannot wear a mask without flashing back on ways

their breathing was controlled – ‘from ball gags and penises to water boarding’. She said that through the years when she saw images of people in China wearing masks ‘due to pollution’ that it was really to control their oxygen levels. ‘I knew it was as much of a population control mechanism of depersonalisation as are burkas’, she said. Masks are another Chinese communist/fascist method of control that has been swept across the West as the West becomes China at lightning speed since we entered 2020.

Mask-19 There are other reasons for mandatory masks and these include destroying respiratory health to call it ‘Covid-19’ and stunting brain development of children and the young. Dr Margarite GrieszBrisson MD, PhD, is a Consultant Neurologist and Neurophysiologist and the Founder and Medical Director of the London Neurology and Pain Clinic. Her CV goes down the street and round the corner. She is clearly someone who cares about people and won’t parrot the propaganda. Griesz-Brisson has a PhD in pharmacology, with special interest in neurotoxicology, environmental medicine, neuroregeneration and neuroplasticity (the way the brain can change in the light of information received). She went public in October, 2020, with a passionate warning about the effects of mask-wearing laws: The reinhalation of our exhaled air will without a doubt create oxygen deficiency and a flooding of carbon dioxide. We know that the human brain is very sensitive to oxygen deprivation. There are nerve cells for example in the hippocampus that can’t be longer than 3 minutes without oxygen – they cannot survive. The acute warning symptoms are headaches, drowsiness, dizziness, issues in concentration, slowing down of reaction time – reactions of the cognitive system.

Oh, I know, let’s tell bus, truck and taxi drivers to wear them and people working machinery. How about pilots, doctors and police? Griesz-Brisson makes the important point that while the symptoms she mentions may fade as the body readjusts this does not alter the fact that people continue to operate in oxygen deficit with long list of

potential consequences. She said it was well known that neurodegenerative diseases take years or decades to develop. ‘If today you forget your phone number, the breakdown in your brain would have already started 20 or 30 years ago.’ She said degenerative processes in your brain are ge ing amplified as your oxygen deprivation continues through wearing a mask. Nerve cells in the brain are unable to divide themselves normally in these circumstances and lost nerve cells will no longer be regenerated. ‘What is gone is gone.’ Now consider that people like shop workers and schoolchildren are wearing masks for hours every day. What in the name of sanity is going to be happening to them? ‘I do not wear a mask, I need my brain to think’, Griesz-Brisson said, ‘I want to have a clear head when I deal with my patients and not be in a carbon dioxide-induced anaesthesia’. If you are told to wear a mask anywhere ask the organisation, police, store, whatever, for their risk assessment on the dangers and negative effects on mind and body of enforcing mask-wearing. They won’t have one because it has never been done not even by government. All of them must be subject to class-action lawsuits as the consequences come to light. They don’t do mask risk assessments for an obvious reason. They know what the conclusions would be and independent scientific studies that have been done tell a horror story of consequences.

‘Masks are criminal’ Dr Griesz-Brisson said that for children and adolescents, masks are an absolute no-no. They had an extremely active and adaptive immune system and their brain was incredibly active with so much to learn. ‘The child’s brain, or the youth’s brain, is thirsting for oxygen.’ The more metabolically active an organ was, the more oxygen it required; and in children and adolescents every organ was metabolically active. Griesz-Brisson said that to deprive a child’s or adolescent’s brain of oxygen, or to restrict it in any way, was not only dangerous to their health, it was absolutely criminal. ‘Oxygen deficiency inhibits the development of the brain, and the damage that has taken place as a result CANNOT be reversed.’ Mind

manipulators of MKUltra put masks on two-year-olds they wanted to neurologically rewire and you can see why. Griesz-Brisson said a child needs the brain to learn and the brain needs oxygen to function. ‘We don’t need a clinical study for that. This is simple, indisputable physiology.’ Consciously and purposely induced oxygen deficiency was an absolutely deliberate health hazard, and an absolute medical contraindication which means that ‘this drug, this therapy, this method or measure should not be used, and is not allowed to be used’. To coerce an entire population to use an absolute medical contraindication by force, she said, there had to be definite and serious reasons and the reasons must be presented to competent interdisciplinary and independent bodies to be verified and authorised. She had this warning of the consequences that were coming if mask wearing continued: When, in ten years, dementia is going to increase exponentially, and the younger generations couldn’t reach their god-given potential, it won’t help to say ‘we didn’t need the masks’. I know how damaging oxygen deprivation is for the brain, cardiologists know how damaging it is for the heart, pulmonologists know how damaging it is for the lungs. Oxygen deprivation damages every single organ. Where are our health departments, our health insurance, our medical associations? It would have been their duty to be vehemently against the lockdown and to stop it and stop it from the very beginning. Why do the medical boards issue punishments to doctors who give people exemptions? Does the person or the doctor seriously have to prove that oxygen deprivation harms people? What kind of medicine are our doctors and medical associations representing? Who is responsible for this crime? The ones who want to enforce it? The ones who let it happen and play along, or the ones who don’t prevent it?

All of the organisations and people she mentions there either answer directly to the Cult or do whatever hierarchical levels above them tell them to do. The outcome of both is the same. ‘It’s not about masks, it’s not about viruses, it’s certainly not about your health’, Griesz-Brisson said. ‘It is about much, much more. I am not participating. I am not afraid.’ They were taking our air to breathe and there was no unfounded medical exemption from face masks. Oxygen deprivation was dangerous for every single brain. It had to be the free decision of every human being whether they want to

wear a mask that was absolutely ineffective to protect themselves from a virus. She ended by rightly identifying where the responsibility lies for all this: The imperative of the hour is personal responsibility. We are responsible for what we think, not the media. We are responsible for what we do, not our superiors. We are responsible for our health, not the World Health Organization. And we are responsible for what happens in our country, not the government.

Halle-bloody-lujah.

But surgeons wear masks, right? Independent studies of mask-wearing have produced a long list of reports detailing mental, emotional and physical dangers. What a definition of insanity to see police officers imposing mask-wearing on the public which will cumulatively damage their health while the police themselves wear masks that will cumulatively damage their health. It’s u er madness and both public and police do this because ‘the government says so’ – yes a government of brain-donor idiots like UK Health Secretary Ma Hancock reading the ‘follow the science’ scripts of psychopathic, lunatic psychologists. The response you get from Stockholm syndrome sufferers defending the very authorities that are destroying them and their families is that ‘surgeons wear masks’. This is considered the game, set and match that they must work and don’t cause oxygen deficit. Well, actually, scientific studies have shown that they do and oxygen levels are monitored in operating theatres to compensate. Surgeons wear masks to stop spi le and such like dropping into open wounds – not to stop ‘viral particles’ which are so miniscule they can only be seen through an electron microscope. Holes in the masks are significantly bigger than ‘viral particles’ and if you sneeze or cough they will breach the mask. I watched an incredibly disingenuous ‘experiment’ that claimed to prove that masks work in catching ‘virus’ material from the mouth and nose. They did this with a slow motion camera and the mask did block big stuff which stayed inside the mask and

against the face to be breathed in or cause infections on the face as we have seen with many children. ‘Viral particles’, however, would never have been picked up by the camera as they came through the mask when they are far too small to be seen. The ‘experiment’ was therefore disingenuous and useless. Studies have concluded that wearing masks in operating theatres (and thus elsewhere) make no difference to preventing infection while the opposite is true with toxic shite building up in the mask and this had led to an explosion in tooth decay and gum disease dubbed by dentists ‘mask mouth’. You might have seen the Internet video of a furious American doctor urging people to take off their masks a er a four-year-old patient had been rushed to hospital the night before and nearly died with a lung infection that doctors sourced to mask wearing. A study in the journal Cancer Discovery found that inhalation of harmful microbes can contribute to advanced stage lung cancer in adults and long-term use of masks can help breed dangerous pathogens. Microbiologists have said frequent mask wearing creates a moist environment in which microbes can grow and proliferate before entering the lungs. The Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, or CADTH, a Canadian national organisation that provides research and analysis to healthcare decision-makers, said this as long ago as 2013 in a report entitled ‘Use of Surgical Masks in the Operating Room: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines’. It said: • No evidence was found to support the use of surgical face masks to reduce the frequency of surgical site infections • No evidence was found on the effectiveness of wearing surgical face masks to protect staff from infectious material in the operating room. • Guidelines recommend the use of surgical face masks by staff in the operating room to protect both operating room staff and patients (despite the lack of evidence).

We were told that the world could go back to ‘normal’ with the arrival of the ‘vaccines’. When they came, fraudulent as they are, the story changed as I knew that it would. We are in the midst of transforming ‘normal’, not going back to it. Mary Ramsay, head of immunisation at Public Health England, echoed the words of US criminal Anthony Fauci who said masks and other regulations must stay no ma er if people are vaccinated. The Fauci idiot continued to wear two masks – different colours so both could be clearly seen – a er he claimed to have been vaccinated. Senator Rand Paul told Fauci in one exchange that his double-masks were ‘theatre’ and he was right. It’s all theatre. Mary Ramsay back-tracked on the vaccinereturn-to-normal theme when she said the public may need to wear masks and social-distance for years despite the jabs. ‘People have got used to those lower-level restrictions now, and [they] can live with them’, she said telling us what the idea has been all along. ‘The vaccine does not give you a pass, even if you have had it, you must continue to follow all the guidelines’ said a Public Health England statement which reneged on what we had been told before and made having the ‘vaccine’ irrelevant to ‘normality’ even by the official story. Spain’s fascist government trumped everyone by passing a law mandating the wearing of masks on the beach and even when swimming in the sea. The move would have devastated what’s le of the Spanish tourist industry, posed potential breathing dangers to swimmers and had Northern European sunbathers walking around with their forehead brown and the rest of their face white as a sheet. The ruling was so crazy that it had to be retracted a er pressure from public and tourist industry, but it confirmed where the Cult wants to go with masks and how clinically insane authority has become. The determination to make masks permanent and hide the serious dangers to body and mind can be seen in the censorship of scientist Professor Denis Rancourt by Bill Gatesfunded academic publishing website ResearchGate over his papers exposing the dangers and uselessness of masks. Rancourt said: ResearchGate today has permanently locked my account, which I have had since 2015. Their reasons graphically show the nature of their attack against democracy, and their corruption of

science … By their obscene non-logic, a scientific review of science articles reporting on harms caused by face masks has a ‘potential to cause harm’. No criticism of the psychological device (face masks) is tolerated, if the said criticism shows potential to influence public policy.

This is what happens in a fascist world.

Where are the ‘greens’ (again)? Other dangers of wearing masks especially regularly relate to the inhalation of minute plastic fibres into the lungs and the deluge of discarded masks in the environment and oceans. Estimates predicted that more than 1.5 billion disposable masks will end up in the world’s oceans every year polluting the water with tons of plastic and endangering marine wildlife. Studies project that humans are using 129 billion face masks each month worldwide – about three million a minute. Most are disposable and made from plastic, nonbiodegradable microfibers that break down into smaller plastic particles that become widespread in ecosystems. They are li ering cities, clogging sewage channels and turning up in bodies of water. I have wri en in other books about the immense amounts of microplastics from endless sources now being absorbed into the body. Rolf Halden, director of the Arizona State University (ASU) Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, was the senior researcher in a 2020 study that analysed 47 human tissue samples and found microplastics in all of them. ‘We have detected these chemicals of plastics in every single organ that we have investigated’, he said. I wrote in The Answer about the world being deluged with microplastics. A study by the Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF) found that people are consuming on average every week some 2,000 tiny pieces of plastic mostly through water and also through marine life and the air. Every year humans are ingesting enough microplastics to fill a heaped dinner plate and in a life-time of 79 years it is enough to fill two large waste bins. Marco Lambertini, WWF International director general said: ‘Not only are plastics polluting our oceans and waterways and killing marine life – it’s in all of us and we can’t escape consuming plastics,’ American

geologists found tiny plastic fibres, beads and shards in rainwater samples collected from the remote slopes of the Rocky Mountain National Park near Denver, Colorado. Their report was headed: ‘It is raining plastic.’ Rachel Adams, senior lecturer in Biomedical Science at Cardiff Metropolitan University, said that among health consequences are internal inflammation and immune responses to a ‘foreign body’. She further pointed out that microplastics become carriers of toxins including mercury, pesticides and dioxins (a known cause of cancer and reproductive and developmental problems). These toxins accumulate in the fa y tissues once they enter the body through microplastics. Now this is being compounded massively by people pu ing plastic on their face and throwing it away. Workers exposed to polypropylene plastic fibres known as ‘flock’ have developed ‘flock worker’s lung’ from inhaling small pieces of the flock fibres which can damage lung tissue, reduce breathing capacity and exacerbate other respiratory problems. Now … commonly used surgical masks have three layers of melt-blown textiles made of … polypropylene. We have billions of people pu ing these microplastics against their mouth, nose and face for hours at a time day a er day in the form of masks. How does anyone think that will work out? I mean – what could possibly go wrong? We posted a number of scientific studies on this at davidicke.com, but when I went back to them as I was writing this book the links to the science research website where they were hosted were dead. Anything that challenges the official narrative in any way is either censored or vilified. The official narrative is so unsupportable by the evidence that only deleting the truth can protect it. A study by Chinese scientists still survived – with the usual twist which it why it was still active, I guess. Yes, they found that virtually all the masks they tested increased the daily intake of microplastic fibres, but people should still wear them because the danger from the ‘virus’ was worse said the crazy ‘team’ from the Institute of Hydrobiology in Wuhan. Scientists first discovered microplastics in lung tissue of some patients who died of lung cancer

in the 1990s. Subsequent studies have confirmed the potential health damage with the plastic degrading slowly and remaining in the lungs to accumulate in volume. Wuhan researchers used a machine simulating human breathing to establish that masks shed up to nearly 4,000 microplastic fibres in a month with reused masks producing more. Scientists said some masks are laced with toxic chemicals and a variety of compounds seriously restricted for both health and environmental reasons. They include cobalt (used in blue dye) and formaldehyde known to cause watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes, nose, and throat, plus coughing, wheezing and nausea. No – that must be ‘Covid-19’.

Mask ‘worms’ There is another and potentially even more sinister content of masks. Mostly new masks of different makes filmed under a microscope around the world have been found to contain strange black fibres or ‘worms’ that appear to move or ‘crawl’ by themselves and react to heat and water. The nearest I have seen to them are the selfreplicating fibres that are pulled out through the skin of those suffering from Morgellons disease which has been connected to the phenomena of ‘chemtrails’ which I will bring into the story later on. Morgellons fibres continue to grow outside the body and have a form of artificial intelligence. Black ‘worm’ fibres in masks have that kind of feel to them and there is a nanotechnology technique called ‘worm micelles’ which carry and release drugs or anything else you want to deliver to the body. For sure the suppression of humanity by mind altering drugs is the Cult agenda big time and the more excuses they can find to gain access to the body the more opportunities there are to make that happen whether through ‘vaccines’ or masks pushed against the mouth and nose for hours on end. So let us summarise the pros and cons of masks:

Against masks: Breathing in your own carbon dioxide; depriving the body and brain of sufficient oxygen; build-up of toxins in the mask that can be breathed into the lungs and cause rashes on the face and ‘mask-mouth’; breathing microplastic fibres and toxic chemicals into the lungs; dehumanisation and deleting individualisation by literally making people faceless; destroying human emotional interaction through facial expression and deleting parental connection with their babies which look for guidance to their facial expression. For masks: They don’t protect you from a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist and even if it did ‘viral’ particles are so minute they are smaller than the holes in the mask. Governments, police, supermarkets, businesses, transport companies, and all the rest who seek to impose masks have done no risk assessment on their consequences for health and psychology and are now open to group lawsuits when the impact becomes clear with a cumulative epidemic of respiratory and other disease. Authorities will try to exploit these effects and hide the real cause by dubbing them ‘Covid-19’. Can you imagine se ing out to force the population to wear health-destroying masks without doing any assessment of the risks? It is criminal and it is evil, but then how many people targeted in this way, who see their children told to wear them all day at school, have asked for a risk assessment? Billions can’t be imposed upon by the few unless the billions allow it. Oh, yes, with just a tinge of irony, 85 percent of all masks made worldwide come from China.

Wash your hands in toxic shite ‘Covid’ rules include the use of toxic sanitisers and again the health consequences of constantly applying toxins to be absorbed through the skin is obvious to any level of Renegade Mind. America’s Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said that sanitisers are drugs and issued a warning about 75 dangerous brands which contain

methanol used in antifreeze and can cause death, kidney damage and blindness. The FDA circulated the following warning even for those brands that it claims to be safe: Store hand sanitizer out of the reach of pets and children, and children should use it only with adult supervision. Do not drink hand sanitizer. This is particularly important for young children, especially toddlers, who may be attracted by the pleasant smell or brightly colored bottles of hand sanitizer. Drinking even a small amount of hand sanitizer can cause alcohol poisoning in children. (However, there is no need to be concerned if your children eat with or lick their hands after using hand sanitizer.) During this coronavirus pandemic, poison control centers have had an increase in calls about accidental ingestion of hand sanitizer, so it is important that adults monitor young children’s use. Do not allow pets to swallow hand sanitizer. If you think your pet has eaten something potentially dangerous, call your veterinarian or a pet poison control center right away. Hand sanitizer is flammable and should be stored away from heat and flames. When using hand sanitizer, rub your hands until they feel completely dry before performing activities that may involve heat, sparks, static electricity, or open flames.

There you go, perfectly safe, then, and that’s without even a mention of the toxins absorbed through the skin. Come on kids – sanitise your hands everywhere you go. It will save you from the ‘virus’. Put all these elements together of the ‘Covid’ normal and see how much health and psychology is being cumulatively damaged, even devastated, to ‘protect your health’. Makes sense, right? They are only imposing these things because they care, right? Right?

Submitting to insanity Psychological reframing of the population goes very deep and is done in many less obvious ways. I hear people say how contradictory and crazy ‘Covid’ rules are and how they are ever changing. This is explained away by dismissing those involved as idiots. It is a big mistake. The Cult is delighted if its cold calculation is perceived as incompetence and idiocy when it is anything but. Oh, yes, there are idiots within the system – lots of them – but they are administering the Cult agenda, mostly unknowingly. They are not deciding and dictating it. The bulwark against tyranny is self-

respect, always has been, always will be. It is self-respect that has broken every tyranny in history. By its very nature self-respect will not bow to oppression and its perpetrators. There is so li le selfrespect that it’s always the few that overturn dictators. Many may eventually follow, but the few with the iron spines (self-respect) kick it off and generate the momentum. The Cult targets self-respect in the knowledge that once this has gone only submission remains. Crazy, contradictory, ever-changing ‘Covid’ rules are systematically applied by psychologists to delete self-respect. They want you to see that the rules make no sense. It is one thing to decide to do something when you have made the choice based on evidence and logic. You still retain your self-respect. It is quite another when you can see what you are being told to do is insane, ridiculous and makes no sense, and yet you still do it. Your self-respect is extinguished and this has been happening as ever more obviously stupid and nonsensical things have been demanded and the great majority have complied even when they can see they are stupid and nonsensical. People walk around in face-nappies knowing they are damaging their health and make no difference to a ‘virus’. They do it in fear of not doing it. I know it’s da , but I’ll do it anyway. When that happens something dies inside of you and submissive reframing has begun. Next there’s a need to hide from yourself that you have conceded your self-respect and you convince yourself that you have not really submi ed to fear and intimidation. You begin to believe that you are complying with craziness because it’s the right thing to do. When first you concede your self-respect of 2+2 = 4 to 2+2 = 5 you know you are compromising your self-respect. Gradually to avoid facing that fact you begin to believe that 2+2=5. You have been reframed and I have been watching this process happening in the human psyche on an industrial scale. The Cult is working to break your spirit and one of its major tools in that war is humiliation. I read how former American soldier Bradley Manning (later Chelsea Manning a er a sex-change) was treated a er being jailed for supplying WikiLeaks with documents exposing the enormity of

government and elite mendacity. Manning was isolated in solitary confinement for eight months, put under 24-hour surveillance, forced to hand over clothing before going to bed, and stand naked for every roll call. This is systematic humiliation. The introduction of anal swab ‘Covid’ tests in China has been done for the same reason to delete self-respect and induce compliant submission. Anal swabs are mandatory for incoming passengers in parts of China and American diplomats have said they were forced to undergo the indignity which would have been calculated humiliation by the Cult-owned Chinese government that has America in its sights.

Government-people: An abusive relationship Spirit-breaking psychological techniques include giving people hope and apparent respite from tyranny only to take it away again. This happened in the UK during Christmas, 2020, when the psychopsychologists and their political lackeys announced an easing of restrictions over the holiday only to reimpose them almost immediately on the basis of yet another lie. There is a big psychological difference between ge ing used to oppression and being given hope of relief only to have that dashed. Psychologists know this and we have seen the technique used repeatedly. Then there is traumatising people before you introduce more extreme regulations that require compliance. A perfect case was the announcement by the dark and sinister Whi y and Vallance in the UK that ‘new data’ predicted that 4,000 could die every day over the winter of 2020/2021 if we did not lockdown again. I think they call it lying and a er traumatising people with that claim out came Jackboot Johnson the next day with new curbs on human freedom. Psychologists know that a frightened and traumatised mind becomes suggestable to submission and behaviour reframing. Underpinning all this has been to make people fearful and suspicious of each other and see themselves as a potential danger to others. In league with deleted self-respect you have the perfect psychological recipe for self-loathing. The relationship between authority and public is now demonstrably the same as that of

subservience to an abusive partner. These are signs of an abusive relationship explained by psychologist Leslie Becker-Phelps: Undermining a partner’s self-worth with verbal a acks, name-calling, and beli ling. Humiliating the partner in public, unjustly accusing them of having an affair, or interrogating them about their every behavior. Keeping partner confused or off balance by saying they were just kidding or blaming the partner for ‘making’ them act this way … Feigning in public that they care while turning against them in private. This leads to victims frequently feeling confused, incompetent, unworthy, hopeless, and chronically self-doubting. [Apply these techniques to how governments have treated the population since New Year, 2020, and the parallels are obvious.] Physical abuse: The abuser might physically harm their partner in a range of ways, such as grabbing, hi ing, punching, or shoving them. They might throw objects at them or harm them with a weapon. [Observe the physical harm imposed by masks, lockdown, and so on.] Threats and intimidation: One way abusers keep their partners in line is by instilling fear. They might be verbally threatening, or give threatening looks or gestures. Abusers o en make it known that they are tracking their partner’s every move. They might destroy their partner’s possessions, threaten to harm them, or threaten to harm their family members. Not surprisingly, victims of this abuse o en feel anxiety, fear, and panic. [No words necessary.] Isolation: Abusers o en limit their partner’s activities, forbidding them to talk or interact with friends or family. They might limit access to a car or even turn off their phone. All of this might be done by physically holding them against their will, but is o en accomplished through psychological abuse and intimidation. The more isolated a person feels, the fewer resources they have to help gain perspective on their situation and to escape from it. [No words necessary.] Psychological and emotional abuse:

Abusers o en make their partners beholden to them for money by controlling access to funds of any kind. They might prevent their partner from ge ing a job or withhold access to money they earn from a job. This creates financial dependency that makes leaving the relationship very difficult. [See destruction of livelihoods and the proposed meagre ‘guaranteed income’ so long as you do whatever you are told.] Using children: An abuser might disparage their partner’s parenting skills, tell their children lies about their partner, threaten to take custody of their children, or threaten to harm their children. These tactics instil fear and o en elicit compliance. [See reframed social service mafia and how children are being mercilessly abused by the state over ‘Covid’ while their parents look on too frightened to do anything.] A further recurring trait in an abusive relationship is the abused blaming themselves for their abuse and making excuses for the abuser. We have the public blaming each other for lockdown abuse by government and many making excuses for the government while a acking those who challenge the government. How o en we have heard authorities say that rules are being imposed or reimposed only because people have refused to ‘behave’ and follow the rules. We don’t want to do it – it’s you. Renegade Minds are an antidote to all of these things. They will never concede their self-respect no ma er what the circumstances. Even when apparent humiliation is heaped upon them they laugh in its face and reflect back the humiliation on the abuser where it belongs. Renegade Minds will never wear masks they know are only imposed to humiliate, suppress and damage both physically and psychologically. Consequences will take care of themselves and they will never break their spirit or cause them to concede to tyranny. UK newspaper columnist Peter Hitchens was one of the few in the mainstream media to speak out against lockdowns and forced vaccinations. He then announced he had taken the jab. He wanted to see family members abroad and he believed vaccine passports were inevitable even though they had not yet been introduced. Hitchens Economic abuse:

has a questioning and critical mind, but not a Renegade one. If he had no amount of pressure would have made him concede. Hitchens excused his action by saying that the ba le has been lost. Renegade Minds never accept defeat when freedom is at stake and even if they are the last one standing the self-respect of not submi ing to tyranny is more important than any outcome or any consequence. That’s why Renegade Minds are the only minds that ever changed anything worth changing.

CHAPTER EIGHT ‘Reframing’ insanity Insanity is relative. It depends on who has who locked in what cage Ray Bradbury

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eframing’ a mind means simply to change its perception and behaviour. This can be done subconsciously to such an extent that subjects have no idea they have been ‘reframed’ while to any observer changes in behaviour and a itudes are obvious. Human society is being reframed on a ginormous scale since the start of 2020 and here we have the reason why psychologists rather than doctors have been calling the shots. Ask most people who have succumbed to ‘Covid’ reframing if they have changed and most will say ‘no’; but they have and fundamentally. The Cult’s long-game has been preparing for these times since way back and crucial to that has been to prepare both population and officialdom mentally and emotionally. To use the mind-control parlance they had to reframe the population with a mentality that would submit to fascism and reframe those in government and law enforcement to impose fascism or at least go along with it. The result has been the factdeleted mindlessness of ‘Wokeness’ and officialdom that has either enthusiastically or unquestioningly imposed global tyranny demanded by reframed politicians on behalf of psychopathic and deeply evil cultists. ‘Cognitive reframing’ identifies and challenges the way someone sees the world in the form of situations, experiences and emotions and then restructures those perceptions to view the same set of circumstances in a different way. This can have

benefits if the a itudes are personally destructive while on the other side it has the potential for individual and collective mind control which the subject has no idea has even happened. Cognitive therapy was developed in the 1960s by Aaron T. Beck who was born in Rhode Island in 1921 as the son of Jewish immigrants from the Ukraine. He became interested in the techniques as a treatment for depression. Beck’s daughter Judith S. Beck is prominent in the same field and they founded the Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Philadelphia in 1994. Cognitive reframing, however, began to be used worldwide by those with a very dark agenda. The Cult reframes politicians to change their a itudes and actions until they are completely at odds with what they once appeared to stand for. The same has been happening to government administrators at all levels, law enforcement, military and the human population. Cultists love mind control for two main reasons: It allows them to control what people think, do and say to secure agenda advancement and, by definition, it calms their legendary insecurity and fear of the unexpected. I have studied mind control since the time I travelled America in 1996. I may have been talking to next to no one in terms of an audience in those years, but my goodness did I gather a phenomenal amount of information and knowledge about so many things including the techniques of mind control. I have described this in detail in other books going back to The Biggest Secret in 1998. I met a very large number of people recovering from MKUltra and its offshoots and successors and I began to see how these same techniques were being used on the population in general. This was never more obvious than since the ‘Covid’ hoax began.

Reframing the enforcers I have observed over the last two decades and more the very clear transformation in the dynamic between the police, officialdom and the public. I tracked this in the books as the relationship mutated from one of serving the public to seeing them as almost the enemy and certainly a lower caste. There has always been a class divide

based on income and always been some psychopathic, corrupt, and big-I-am police officers. This was different. Wholesale change was unfolding in the collective dynamic; it was less about money and far more about position and perceived power. An us-and-them was emerging. Noses were li ed skyward by government administration and law enforcement and their a itude to the public they were supposed to be serving changed to one of increasing contempt, superiority and control. The transformation was so clear and widespread that it had to be planned. Collective a itudes and dynamics do not change naturally and organically that quickly on that scale. I then came across an organisation in Britain called Common Purpose created in the late 1980s by Julia Middleton who would work in the office of Deputy Prime Minister John Presco during the long and disastrous premiership of war criminal Tony Blair. When Blair speaks the Cult is speaking and the man should have been in jail a long time ago. Common Purpose proclaims itself to be one of the biggest ‘leadership development’ organisations in the world while functioning as a charity with all the financial benefits which come from that. It hosts ‘leadership development’ courses and programmes all over the world and claims to have ‘brought together’ what it calls ‘leaders’ from more than 100 countries on six continents. The modus operandi of Common Purpose can be compared with the work of the UK government’s reframing network that includes the Behavioural Insights Team ‘nudge unit’ and ‘Covid’ reframing specialists at SPI-B. WikiLeaks described Common Purpose long ago as ‘a hidden virus in our government and schools’ which is unknown to the general public: ‘It recruits and trains “leaders” to be loyal to the directives of Common Purpose and the EU, instead of to their own departments, which they then undermine or subvert, the NHS [National Health Service] being an example.’ This is a vital point to understand the ‘Covid’ hoax. The NHS, and its equivalent around the world, has been u erly reframed in terms of administrators and much of the medical personnel with the transformation underpinned by recruitment policies. The outcome has been the criminal and psychopathic behaviour of the

NHS over ‘Covid’ and we have seen the same in every other major country. WikiLeaks said Common Purpose trainees are ‘learning to rule without regard to democracy’ and to usher in a police state (current events explained). Common Purpose operated like a ‘glue’ and had members in the NHS, BBC, police, legal profession, church, many of Britain’s 7,000 quangos, local councils, the Civil Service, government ministries and Parliament, and controlled many RDA’s (Regional Development Agencies). Here we have one answer for how and why British institutions and their like in other countries have changed so negatively in relation to the public. This further explains how and why the beyond-disgraceful reframed BBC has become a propaganda arm of ‘Covid’ fascism. They are all part of a network pursuing the same goal. By 2019 Common Purpose was quoting a figure of 85,000 ‘leaders’ that had a ended its programmes. These ‘students’ of all ages are known as Common Purpose ‘graduates’ and they consist of government, state and local government officials and administrators, police chiefs and officers, and a whole range of others operating within the national, local and global establishment. Cressida Dick, Commissioner of the London Metropolitan Police, is the Common Purpose graduate who was the ‘Gold Commander’ that oversaw what can only be described as the murder of Brazilian electrician Jean Charles de Menezes in 2005. He was held down by psychopathic police and shot seven times in the head by a psychopathic lunatic a er being mistaken for a terrorist when he was just a bloke going about his day. Dick authorised officers to pursue and keep surveillance on de Menezes and ordered that he be stopped from entering the underground train system. Police psychopaths took her at her word clearly. She was ‘disciplined’ for this outrage by being promoted – eventually to the top of the ‘Met’ police where she has been a disaster. Many Chief Constables controlling the police in different parts of the UK are and have been Common Purpose graduates. I have heard the ‘graduate’ network described as a sort of Mafia or secret society operating within the fabric of government at all levels pursuing a collective policy

ingrained at Common Purpose training events. Founder Julia Middleton herself has said: Locally and internationally, Common Purpose graduates will be ‘lighting small fires’ to create change in their organisations and communities … The Common Purpose effect is best illustrated by the many stories of small changes brought about by leaders, who themselves have changed.

A Common Purpose mission statement declared: Common Purpose aims to improve the way society works by expanding the vision, decisionmaking ability and influence of all kinds of leaders. The organisation runs a variety of educational programmes for leaders of all ages, backgrounds and sectors, in order to provide them with the inspirational, information and opportunities they need to change the world.

Yes, but into what? Since 2020 the answer has become clear.

NLP and the Delphi technique Common Purpose would seem to be a perfect name or would common programming be be er? One of the foundation methods of reaching ‘consensus’ (group think) is by se ing the agenda theme and then encouraging, cajoling or pressuring everyone to agree a ‘consensus’ in line with the core theme promoted by Common Purpose. The methodology involves the ‘Delphi technique’, or an adaption of it, in which opinions are expressed that are summarised by a ‘facilitator or change agent’ at each stage. Participants are ‘encouraged’ to modify their views in the light of what others have said. Stage by stage the former individual opinions are merged into group consensus which just happens to be what Common Purpose wants them to believe. A key part of this is to marginalise anyone refusing to concede to group think and turn the group against them to apply pressure to conform. We are seeing this very technique used on the general population to make ‘Covid’ group-thinkers hostile to those who have seen through the bullshit. People can be reframed by using perception manipulation methods such as Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) in which you change perception with the use of

carefully constructed language. An NLP website described the technique this way: … A method of influencing brain behaviour (the ‘neuro’ part of the phrase) through the use of language (the ‘linguistic’ part) and other types of communication to enable a person to ‘recode’ the way the brain responds to stimuli (that’s the ‘programming’) and manifest new and better behaviours. Neuro-Linguistic Programming often incorporates hypnosis and selfhypnosis to help achieve the change (or ‘programming’) that is wanted.

British alternative media operation UKColumn has done very detailed research into Common Purpose over a long period. I quoted co-founder and former naval officer Brian Gerrish in my book Remember Who You Are, published in 2011, as saying the following years before current times: It is interesting that many of the mothers who have had children taken by the State speak of the Social Services people being icily cool, emotionless and, as two ladies said in slightly different words, ‘… like little robots’. We know that NLP is cumulative, so people can be given small imperceptible doses of NLP in a course here, another in a few months, next year etc. In this way, major changes are accrued in their personality, but the day by day change is almost unnoticeable.

In these and other ways ‘graduates’ have had their perceptions uniformly reframed and they return to their roles in the institutions of government, law enforcement, legal profession, military, ‘education’, the UK National Health Service and the whole swathe of the establishment structure to pursue a common agenda preparing for the ‘post-industrial’, ‘post-democratic’ society. I say ‘preparing’ but we are now there. ‘Post-industrial’ is code for the Great Reset and ‘post-democratic’ is ‘Covid’ fascism. UKColumn has spoken to partners of those who have a ended Common Purpose ‘training’. They have described how personalities and a itudes of ‘graduates’ changed very noticeably for the worse by the time they had completed the course. They had been ‘reframed’ and told they are the ‘leaders’ – the special ones – who know be er than the population. There has also been the very demonstrable recruitment of psychopaths and narcissists into government administration at all

levels and law enforcement. If you want psychopathy hire psychopaths and you get a simple cause and effect. If you want administrators, police officers and ‘leaders’ to perceive the public as lesser beings who don’t ma er then employ narcissists. These personalities are identified using ‘psychometrics’ that identifies knowledge, abilities, a itudes and personality traits, mostly through carefully-designed questionnaires and tests. As this policy has passed through the decades we have had power-crazy, powertrippers appointed into law enforcement, security and government administration in preparation for current times and the dynamic between public and law enforcement/officialdom has been transformed. UKColumn’s Brian Gerrish said of the narcissistic personality: Their love of themselves and power automatically means that they will crush others who get in their way. I received a major piece of the puzzle when a friend pointed out that when they made public officials re-apply for their own jobs several years ago they were also required to do psychometric tests. This was undoubtedly the start of the screening process to get ‘their’ sort of people in post.

How obvious that has been since 2020 although it was clear what was happening long before if people paid a ention to the changing public-establishment dynamic.

Change agents At the centre of events in ‘Covid’ Britain is the National Health Service (NHS) which has behaved disgracefully in slavishly following the Cult agenda. The NHS management structure is awash with Common Purpose graduates or ‘change agents’ working to a common cause. Helen Bevan, a Chief of Service Transformation at the NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement, co-authored a document called ‘Towards a million change agents, a review of the social movements literature: implications for large scale change in the NHS‘. The document compared a project management approach to that of change and social movements where ‘people change

themselves and each other – peer to peer’. Two definitions given for a ‘social movement’ were: A group of people who consciously attempt to build a radically new social order; involves people of a broad range of social backgrounds; and deploys politically confrontational and socially disruptive tactics – Cyrus Zirakzadeh 1997 Collective challenges, based on common purposes and social solidarities, in sustained interaction with elites, opponents, and authorities – Sidney Tarrow 1994 Helen Bevan wrote another NHS document in which she defined ‘framing’ as ‘the process by which leaders construct, articulate and put across their message in a powerful and compelling way in order to win people to their cause and call them to action’. I think I could come up with another definition that would be rather more accurate. The National Health Service and institutions of Britain and the wider world have been taken over by reframed ‘change agents’ and that includes everything from the United Nations to national governments, local councils and social services which have been kidnapping children from loving parents on an extraordinary and gathering scale on the road to the end of parenthood altogether. Children from loving homes are stolen and kidnapped by the state and put into the ‘care’ (inversion) of the local authority through council homes, foster parents and forced adoption. At the same time children are allowed to be abused without response while many are under council ‘care’. UKColumn highlighted the Common Purpose connection between South Yorkshire Police and Rotherham council officers in the case of the scandal in that area of the sexual exploitation of children to which the authorities turned not one blind eye, but both:

We were alarmed to discover that the Chief Executive, the Strategic Director of Children and Young People’s Services, the Manager for the Local Strategic Partnership, the Community Cohesion Manager, the Cabinet Member for Cohesion, the Chief Constable and his predecessor had all attended Leadership training courses provided by the pseudo-charity Common Purpose.

Once ‘change agents’ have secured positions of hire and fire within any organisation things start to move very quickly. Personnel are then hired and fired on the basis of whether they will work towards the agenda the change agent represents. If they do they are rapidly promoted even though they may be incompetent. Those more qualified and skilled who are pre-Common Purpose ‘old school’ see their careers stall and even disappear. This has been happening for decades in every institution of state, police, ‘health’ and social services and all of them have been transformed as a result in their a itudes to their jobs and the public. Medical professions, including nursing, which were once vocations for the caring now employ many cold, callous and couldn’t give a shit personality types. The UKColumn investigation concluded: By blurring the boundaries between people, professions, public and private sectors, responsibility and accountability, Common Purpose encourages ‘graduates’ to believe that as new selected leaders, they can work together, outside of the established political and social structures, to achieve a paradigm shift or CHANGE – so called ‘Leading Beyond Authority’. In doing so, the allegiance of the individual becomes ‘reframed’ on CP colleagues and their NETWORK.

Reframing the Face-Nappies Nowhere has this process been more obvious than in the police where recruitment of psychopaths and development of unquestioning mind-controlled group-thinkers have transformed law enforcement into a politically-correct ‘Woke’ joke and a travesty of what should be public service. Today they wear their face-nappies like good li le gofers and enforce ‘Covid’ rules which are fascism under another name. Alongside the specifically-recruited psychopaths we have so ware minds incapable of free thought. Brian Gerrish again:

An example is the policeman who would not get on a bike for a press photo because he had not done the cycling proficiency course. Normal people say this is political correctness gone mad. Nothing could be further from the truth. The policeman has been reframed, and in his reality it is perfect common sense not to get on the bike ‘because he hasn’t done the cycling course’. Another example of this is where the police would not rescue a boy from a pond until they had taken advice from above on the ‘risk assessment’. A normal person would have arrived, perhaps thought of the risk for a moment, and dived in. To the police now ‘reframed’, they followed ‘normal’ procedure.

There are shocking cases of reframed ambulance crews doing the same. Sheer unthinking stupidity of London Face-Nappies headed by Common Purpose graduate Cressida Dick can be seen in their behaviour at a vigil in March, 2021, for a murdered woman, Sarah Everard. A police officer had been charged with the crime. Anyone with a brain would have le the vigil alone in the circumstances. Instead they ‘manhandled’ women to stop them breaking ‘Covid rules’ to betray classic reframing. Minds in the thrall of perception control have no capacity for seeing a situation on its merits and acting accordingly. ‘Rules is rules’ is their only mind-set. My father used to say that rules and regulations are for the guidance of the intelligent and the blind obedience of the idiot. Most of the intelligent, decent, coppers have gone leaving only the other kind and a few old school for whom the job must be a daily nightmare. The combination of psychopaths and rule-book so ware minds has been clearly on public display in the ‘Covid’ era with automaton robots in uniform imposing fascistic ‘Covid’ regulations on the population without any personal initiative or judging situations on their merits. There are thousands of examples around the world, but I’ll make my point with the infamous Derbyshire police in the English East Midlands – the ones who think pouring dye into beauty spots and using drones to track people walking in the countryside away from anyone is called ‘policing’. To them there are rules decreed by the government which they have to enforce and in their bewildered state a group gathering in a closed space and someone walking alone in the countryside are the same thing. It is beyond idiocy and enters the realm of clinical insanity.

Police officers in Derbyshire said they were ‘horrified’ – horrified – to find 15 to 20 ‘irresponsible’ kids playing a football match at a closed leisure centre ‘in breach of coronavirus restrictions’. When they saw the police the kids ran away leaving their belongings behind and the reframed men and women of Derbyshire police were seeking to establish their identities with a view to fining their parents. The most natural thing for youngsters to do – kicking a ball about – is turned into a criminal activity and enforced by the moronic so ware programs of Derbyshire police. You find the same mentality in every country. These barely conscious ‘horrified’ officers said they had to take action because ‘we need to ensure these rules are being followed’ and ‘it is of the utmost importance that you ensure your children are following the rules and regulations for Covid-19’. Had any of them done ten seconds of research to see if this parroting of their masters’ script could be supported by any evidence? Nope. Reframed people don’t think – others think for them and that’s the whole idea of reframing. I have seen police officers one a er the other repeating without question word for word what officialdom tells them just as I have seen great swathes of the public doing the same. Ask either for ‘their’ opinion and out spews what they have been told to think by the official narrative. Police and public may seem to be in different groups, but their mentality is the same. Most people do whatever they are told in fear not doing so or because they believe what officialdom tells them; almost the entirety of the police do what they are told for the same reason. Ultimately it’s the tiny inner core of the global Cult that’s telling both what to do. So Derbyshire police were ‘horrified’. Oh, really? Why did they think those kids were playing football? It was to relieve the psychological consequences of lockdown and being denied human contact with their friends and interaction, touch and discourse vital to human psychological health. Being denied this month a er month has dismantled the psyche of many children and young people as depression and suicide have exploded. Were Derbyshire police horrified by that? Are you kidding? Reframed people don’t have those

mental and emotional processes that can see how the impact on the psychological health of youngsters is far more dangerous than any ‘virus’ even if you take the mendacious official figures to be true. The reframed are told (programmed) how to act and so they do. The Derbyshire Chief Constable in the first period of lockdown when the black dye and drones nonsense was going on was Peter Goodman. He was the man who severed the connection between his force and the Derbyshire Constabulary Male Voice Choir when he decided that it was not inclusive enough to allow women to join. The fact it was a male voice choir making a particular sound produced by male voices seemed to elude a guy who terrifyingly ran policing in Derbyshire. He retired weeks a er his force was condemned as disgraceful by former Supreme Court Justice Jonathan Sumption for their behaviour over extreme lockdown impositions. Goodman was replaced by his deputy Rachel Swann who was in charge when her officers were ‘horrified’. The police statement over the boys commi ing the hanging-offence of playing football included the line about the youngsters being ‘irresponsible in the times we are all living through’ missing the point that the real relevance of the ‘times we are all living through’ is the imposition of fascism enforced by psychopaths and reframed minds of police officers playing such a vital part in establishing the fascist tyranny that their own children and grandchildren will have to live in their entire lives. As a definition of insanity that is hard to beat although it might be run close by imposing masks on people that can have a serious effect on their health while wearing a face nappy all day themselves. Once again public and police do it for the same reason – the authorities tell them to and who are they to have the self-respect to say no?

Wokers in uniform How reframed do you have to be to arrest a six-year-old and take him to court for picking a flower while waiting for a bus? Brain dead police and officialdom did just that in North Carolina where criminal proceedings happen regularly for children under nine. A orney Julie Boyer gave the six-year-old crayons and a colouring book

during the ‘flower’ hearing while the ‘adults’ decided his fate. County Chief District Court Judge Jay Corpening asked: ‘Should a child that believes in Santa Claus, the Easter Bunny and the tooth fairy be making life-altering decisions?’ Well, of course not, but common sense has no meaning when you have a common purpose and a reframed mind. Treating children in this way, and police operating in American schools, is all part of the psychological preparation for children to accept a police state as normal all their adult lives. The same goes for all the cameras and biometric tracking technology in schools. Police training is focused on reframing them as snowflake Wokers and this is happening in the military. Pentagon top brass said that ‘training sessions on extremism’ were needed for troops who asked why they were so focused on the Capitol Building riot when Black Lives Ma er riots were ignored. What’s the difference between them some apparently and rightly asked. Actually, there is a difference. Five people died in the Capitol riot, only one through violence, and that was a police officer shooting an unarmed protestor. BLM riots killed at least 25 people and cost billions. Asking the question prompted the psychopaths and reframed minds that run the Pentagon to say that more ‘education’ (programming) was needed. Troop training is all based on psychological programming to make them fodder for the Cult – ‘Military men are just dumb, stupid animals to be used as pawns in foreign policy’ as Cult-to-his-DNA former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger famously said. Governments see the police in similar terms and it’s time for those among them who can see this to defend the people and stop being enforcers of the Cult agenda upon the people. The US military, like the country itself, is being targeted for destruction through a long list of Woke impositions. Cult-owned gaga ‘President’ Biden signed an executive order when he took office to allow taxpayer money to pay for transgender surgery for active military personnel and veterans. Are you a man soldier? No, I’m a LGBTQIA+ with a hint of Skoliosexual and Spectrasexual. Oh, good man. Bad choice of words you bigot. The Pentagon announced in March, 2021, the appointment of the first ‘diversity and inclusion

officer’ for US Special Forces. Richard Torres-Estrada arrived with the publication of a ‘D&I Strategic Plan which will guide the enterprise-wide effort to institutionalize and sustain D&I’. If you think a Special Forces ‘Strategic Plan’ should have something to do with defending America you haven’t been paying a ention. Defending Woke is now the military’s new role. Torres-Estrada has posted images comparing Donald Trump with Adolf Hitler and we can expect no bias from him as a representative of the supposedly non-political Pentagon. Cable news host Tucker Carlson said: ‘The Pentagon is now the Yale faculty lounge but with cruise missiles.’ Meanwhile Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin, a board member of weapons-maker Raytheon with stock and compensation interests in October, 2020, worth $1.4 million, said he was purging the military of the ‘enemy within’ – anyone who isn’t Woke and supports Donald Trump. Austin refers to his targets as ‘racist extremists’ while in true Woke fashion being himself a racist extremist. Pentagon documents pledge to ‘eradicate, eliminate and conquer all forms of racism, sexism and homophobia’. The definitions of these are decided by ‘diversity and inclusion commi ees’ peopled by those who see racism, sexism and homophobia in every situation and opinion. Woke (the Cult) is dismantling the US military and purging testosterone as China expands its military and gives its troops ‘masculinity training’. How do we think that is going to end when this is all Cult coordinated? The US military, like the British military, is controlled by Woke and spineless top brass who just go along with it out of personal career interests.

‘Woke’ means fast asleep Mind control and perception manipulation techniques used on individuals to create group-think have been unleashed on the global population in general. As a result many have no capacity to see the obvious fascist agenda being installed all around them or what ‘Covid’ is really all about. Their brains are firewalled like a computer system not to process certain concepts, thoughts and realisations that are bad for the Cult. The young are most targeted as the adults they

will be when the whole fascist global state is planned to be fully implemented. They need to be prepared for total compliance to eliminate all pushback from entire generations. The Cult has been pouring billions into taking complete control of ‘education’ from schools to universities via its operatives and corporations and not least Bill Gates as always. The plan has been to transform ‘education’ institutions into programming centres for the mentality of ‘Woke’. James McConnell, professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, wrote in Psychology Today in 1970: The day has come when we can combine sensory deprivation with drugs, hypnosis, and astute manipulation of reward and punishment, to gain almost absolute control over an individual’s behaviour. It should then be possible to achieve a very rapid and highly effective type of brainwashing that would allow us to make dramatic changes in a person’s behaviour and personality ... … We should reshape society so that we all would be trained from birth to want to do what society wants us to do. We have the techniques to do it... no-one owns his own personality you acquired, and there’s no reason to believe you should have the right to refuse to acquire a new personality if your old one is anti-social.

This was the potential for mass brainwashing in 1970 and the mentality there displayed captures the arrogant psychopathy that drives it forward. I emphasise that not all young people have succumbed to Woke programming and those that haven’t are incredibly impressive people given that today’s young are the most perceptually-targeted generations in history with all the technology now involved. Vast swathes of the young generations, however, have fallen into the spell – and that’s what it is – of Woke. The Woke mentality and perceptual program is founded on inversion and you will appreciate later why that is so significant. Everything with Woke is inverted and the opposite of what it is claimed to be. Woke was a term used in African-American culture from the 1900s and referred to an awareness of social and racial justice. This is not the meaning of the modern version or ‘New Woke’ as I call it in The Answer. Oh, no, Woke today means something very different no ma er how much Wokers may seek to hide that and insist Old Woke and New

Woke are the same. See if you find any ‘awareness of social justice’ here in the modern variety: • Woke demands ‘inclusivity’ while excluding anyone with a different opinion and calls for mass censorship to silence other views. • Woke claims to stand against oppression when imposing oppression is the foundation of all that it does. It is the driver of political correctness which is nothing more than a Cult invention to manipulate the population to silence itself. • Woke believes itself to be ‘liberal’ while pursuing a global society that can only be described as fascist (see ‘anti-fascist’ fascist Antifa). • Woke calls for ‘social justice’ while spreading injustice wherever it goes against the common ‘enemy’ which can be easily identified as a differing view. • Woke is supposed to be a metaphor for ‘awake’ when it is solidgold asleep and deep in a Cult-induced coma that meets the criteria for ‘off with the fairies’. I state these points as obvious facts if people only care to look. I don’t do this with a sense of condemnation. We need to appreciate that the onslaught of perceptual programming on the young has been incessant and merciless. I can understand why so many have been reframed, or, given their youth, framed from the start to see the world as the Cult demands. The Cult has had access to their minds day a er day in its ‘education’ system for their entire formative years. Perception is formed from information received and the Cultcreated system is a life-long download of information delivered to elicit a particular perception, thus behaviour. The more this has expanded into still new extremes in recent decades and everincreasing censorship has deleted other opinions and information why wouldn’t that lead to a perceptual reframing on a mass scale? I

have described already cradle-to-grave programming and in more recent times the targeting of young minds from birth to adulthood has entered the stratosphere. This has taken the form of skewing what is ‘taught’ to fit the Cult agenda and the omnipresent techniques of group-think to isolate non-believers and pressure them into line. There has always been a tendency to follow the herd, but we really are in a new world now in relation to that. We have parents who can see the ‘Covid’ hoax told by their children not to stop them wearing masks at school, being ‘Covid’ tested or having the ‘vaccine’ in fear of the peer-pressure consequences of being different. What is ‘peer-pressure’ if not pressure to conform to group-think? Renegade Minds never group-think and always retain a set of perceptions that are unique to them. Group-think is always underpinned by consequences for not group-thinking. Abuse now aimed at those refusing DNA-manipulating ‘Covid vaccines’ are a potent example of this. The biggest pressure to conform comes from the very group which is itself being manipulated. ‘I am programmed to be part of a hive mind and so you must be.’ Woke control structures in ‘education’ now apply to every mainstream organisation. Those at the top of the ‘education’ hierarchy (the Cult) decide the policy. This is imposed on governments through the Cult network; governments impose it on schools, colleges and universities; their leadership impose the policy on teachers and academics and they impose it on children and students. At any level where there is resistance, perhaps from a teacher or university lecturer, they are targeted by the authorities and o en fired. Students themselves regularly demand the dismissal of academics (increasingly few) at odds with the narrative that the students have been programmed to believe in. It is quite a thought that students who are being targeted by the Cult become so consumed by programmed group-think that they launch protests and demand the removal of those who are trying to push back against those targeting the students. Such is the scale of perceptual inversion. We see this with ‘Covid’ programming as the Cult imposes the rules via psycho-psychologists and governments on

shops, transport companies and businesses which impose them on their staff who impose them on their customers who pressure Pushbackers to conform to the will of the Cult which is in the process of destroying them and their families. Scan all aspects of society and you will see the same sequence every time.

Fact free Woke and hijacking the ‘left’ There is no more potent example of this than ‘Woke’, a mentality only made possible by the deletion of factual evidence by an ‘education’ system seeking to produce an ever more uniform society. Why would you bother with facts when you don’t know any? Deletion of credible history both in volume and type is highly relevant. Orwell said: ‘Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past.’ They who control the perception of the past control the perception of the future and they who control the present control the perception of the past through the writing and deleting of history. Why would you oppose the imposition of Marxism in the name of Wokeism when you don’t know that Marxism cost at least 100 million lives in the 20th century alone? Watch videos and read reports in which Woker generations are asked basic historical questions – it’s mind-blowing. A survey of 2,000 people found that six percent of millennials (born approximately early1980s to early 2000s) believed the Second World War (1939-1945) broke out with the assassination of President Kennedy (in 1963) and one in ten thought Margaret Thatcher was British Prime Minister at the time. She was in office between 1979 and 1990. We are in a post-fact society. Provable facts are no defence against the fascism of political correctness or Silicon Valley censorship. Facts don’t ma er anymore as we have witnessed with the ‘Covid’ hoax. Sacrificing uniqueness to the Woke group-think religion is all you are required to do and that means thinking for yourself is the biggest Woke no, no. All religions are an expression of group-think and censorship and Woke is just another religion with an orthodoxy defended by group-think and censorship. Burned at

the stake becomes burned on Twi er which leads back eventually to burned at the stake as Woke humanity regresses to ages past. The biggest Woke inversion of all is its creators and funders. I grew up in a traditional le of centre political household on a council estate in Leicester in the 1950s and 60s – you know, the le that challenged the power of wealth-hoarding elites and threats to freedom of speech and opinion. In those days students went on marches defending freedom of speech while today’s Wokers march for its deletion. What on earth could have happened? Those very elites (collectively the Cult) that we opposed in my youth and early life have funded into existence the antithesis of that former le and hijacked the ‘brand’ while inverting everything it ever stood for. We have a mentality that calls itself ‘liberal’ and ‘progressive’ while acting like fascists. Cult billionaires and their corporations have funded themselves into control of ‘education’ to ensure that Woke programming is unceasing throughout the formative years of children and young people and that non-Wokers are isolated (that word again) whether they be students, teachers or college professors. The Cult has funded into existence the now colossal global network of Woke organisations that have spawned and promoted all the ‘causes’ on the Cult wish-list for global transformation and turned Wokers into demanders of them. Does anyone really think it’s a coincidence that the Cult agenda for humanity is a carbon (sorry) copy of the societal transformations desired by Woke?? These are only some of them: The means by which the Cult deletes all public debates that it knows it cannot win if we had the free-flow of information and evidence. Political correctness:

The means by which the Cult seeks to transform society into a globally-controlled dictatorship imposing its will over the fine detail of everyone’s lives ‘to save the planet’ which doesn’t actually need saving. Human-caused ‘climate change’:

Preparing collective perception to accept the ‘new human’ which would not have genders because it would be created technologically and not through procreation. I’ll have much more on this in Human 2.0. Transgender obsession:

The means by which the Cult seeks to divide and rule the population by triggering racial division through the perception that society is more racist than ever when the opposite is the case. Is it perfect in that regard? No. But to compare today with the racism of apartheid and segregation brought to an end by the civil rights movement in the 1960s is to insult the memory of that movement and inspirations like Martin Luther King. Why is the ‘anti-racism’ industry (which it is) so dominated by privileged white people? Race obsession:

This is a label used by privileged white people to demonise poor and deprived white people pushing back on tyranny to marginalise and destroy them. White people are being especially targeted as the dominant race by number within Western society which the Cult seeks to transform in its image. If you want to change a society you must weaken and undermine its biggest group and once you have done that by using the other groups you next turn on them to do the same … ‘Then they came for the Jews and I was not a Jew so I did nothing.’ White supremacy:

The mass movement of people from the Middle East, Africa and Asia into Europe, from the south into the United States and from Asia into Australia are another way the Cult seeks to dilute the racial, cultural and political influence of white people on Western society. White people ask why their governments appear to be working against them while being politically and culturally biased towards incoming cultures. Well, here’s your answer. In the same way sexually ‘straight’ people, men and women, ask why the Mass migration:

authorities are biased against them in favour of other sexualities. The answer is the same – that’s the way the Cult wants it to be for very sinister motives. These are all central parts of the Cult agenda and central parts of the Woke agenda and Woke was created and continues to be funded to an immense degree by Cult billionaires and corporations. If anyone begins to say ‘coincidence’ the syllables should stick in their throat.

Billionaire ‘social justice warriors’ Joe Biden is a 100 percent-owned asset of the Cult and the Wokers’ man in the White House whenever he can remember his name and for however long he lasts with his rapidly diminishing cognitive function. Even walking up the steps of an aircra without falling on his arse would appear to be a challenge. He’s not an empty-shell puppet or anything. From the minute Biden took office (or the Cult did) he began his executive orders promoting the Woke wish-list. You will see the Woke agenda imposed ever more severely because it’s really the Cult agenda. Woke organisations and activist networks spawned by the Cult are funded to the extreme so long as they promote what the Cult wants to happen. Woke is funded to promote ‘social justice’ by billionaires who become billionaires by destroying social justice. The social justice mantra is only a cover for dismantling social justice and funded by billionaires that couldn’t give a damn about social justice. Everything makes sense when you see that. One of Woke’s premier funders is Cult billionaire financier George Soros who said: ‘I am basically there to make money, I cannot and do not look at the social consequences of what I do.’ This is the same Soros who has given more than $32 billion to his Open Society Foundations global Woke network and funded Black Lives Ma er, mass immigration into Europe and the United States, transgender activism, climate change activism, political correctness and groups targeting ‘white supremacy’ in the form of privileged white thugs that dominate Antifa. What a scam it all is and when

you are dealing with the unquestioning fact-free zone of Woke scamming them is child’s play. All you need to pull it off in all these organisations are a few in-the-know agents of the Cult and an army of naïve, reframed, uninformed, narcissistic, know-nothings convinced of their own self-righteousness, self-purity and virtue. Soros and fellow billionaires and billionaire corporations have poured hundreds of millions into Black Lives Ma er and connected groups and promoted them to a global audience. None of this is motivated by caring about black people. These are the billionaires that have controlled and exploited a system that leaves millions of black people in abject poverty and deprivation which they do absolutely nothing to address. The same Cult networks funding BLM were behind the slave trade! Black Lives Ma er hijacked a phrase that few would challenge and they have turned this laudable concept into a political weapon to divide society. You know that BLM is a fraud when it claims that All Lives Ma er, the most inclusive statement of all, is ‘racist’. BLM and its Cult masters don’t want to end racism. To them it’s a means to an end to control all of humanity never mind the colour, creed, culture or background. What has destroying the nuclear family got to do with ending racism? Nothing – but that is one of the goals of BLM and also happens to be a goal of the Cult as I have been exposing in my books for decades. Stealing children from loving parents and giving schools ever more power to override parents is part of that same agenda. BLM is a Marxist organisation and why would that not be the case when the Cult created Marxism and BLM? Patrisse Cullors, a BLM co-founder, said in a 2015 video that she and her fellow organisers, including co-founder Alicia Garza, are ‘trained Marxists’. The lady known a er marriage as Patrisse Khan-Cullors bought a $1.4 million home in 2021 in one of the whitest areas of California with a black population of just 1.6 per cent and has so far bought four high-end homes for a total of $3.2 million. How very Marxist. There must be a bit of spare in the BLM coffers, however, when Cult corporations and billionaires have handed over the best part of $100 million. Many black people can see that Black Lives Ma er is not

working for them, but against them, and this is still more confirmation. Black journalist Jason Whitlock, who had his account suspended by Twi er for simply linking to the story about the ‘Marxist’s’ home buying spree, said that BLM leaders are ‘making millions of dollars off the backs of these dead black men who they wouldn’t spit on if they were on fire and alive’.

Black Lies Matter Cult assets and agencies came together to promote BLM in the wake of the death of career criminal George Floyd who had been jailed a number of times including for forcing his way into the home of a black woman with others in a raid in which a gun was pointed at her stomach. Floyd was filmed being held in a Minneapolis street in 2020 with the knee of a police officer on his neck and he subsequently died. It was an appalling thing for the officer to do, but the same technique has been used by police on peaceful protestors of lockdown without any outcry from the Woke brigade. As unquestioning supporters of the Cult agenda Wokers have supported lockdown and all the ‘Covid’ claptrap while a acking anyone standing up to the tyranny imposed in its name. Court documents would later include details of an autopsy on Floyd by County Medical Examiner Dr Andrew Baker who concluded that Floyd had taken a fatal level of the drug fentanyl. None of this ma ered to fact-free, question-free, Woke. Floyd’s death was followed by worldwide protests against police brutality amid calls to defund the police. Throwing babies out with the bathwater is a Woke speciality. In the wake of the murder of British woman Sarah Everard a Green Party member of the House of Lords, Baroness Jones of Moulescoomb (Nincompoopia would have been be er), called for a 6pm curfew for all men. This would be in breach of the Geneva Conventions on war crimes which ban collective punishment, but that would never have crossed the black and white Woke mind of Baroness Nincompoopia who would have been far too convinced of her own self-righteousness to compute such details. Many American cities did defund the police in the face of Floyd riots

and a er $15 million was deleted from the police budget in Washington DC under useless Woke mayor Muriel Bowser carjacking alone rose by 300 percent and within six months the US capital recorded its highest murder rate in 15 years. The same happened in Chicago and other cities in line with the Cult/Soros plan to bring fear to streets and neighbourhoods by reducing the police, releasing violent criminals and not prosecuting crime. This is the mob-rule agenda that I have warned in the books was coming for so long. Shootings in the area of Minneapolis where Floyd was arrested increased by 2,500 percent compared with the year before. Defunding the police over George Floyd has led to a big increase in dead people with many of them black. Police protection for politicians making these decisions stayed the same or increased as you would expect from professional hypocrites. The Cult doesn’t actually want to abolish the police. It wants to abolish local control over the police and hand it to federal government as the psychopaths advance the Hunger Games Society. Many George Floyd protests turned into violent riots with black stores and businesses destroyed by fire and looting across America fuelled by Black Lives Ma er. Woke doesn’t do irony. If you want civil rights you must loot the liquor store and the supermarket and make off with a smart TV. It’s the only way.

It’s not a race war – it’s a class war Black people are patronised by privileged blacks and whites alike and told they are victims of white supremacy. I find it extraordinary to watch privileged blacks supporting the very system and bloodline networks behind the slave trade and parroting the same Cult-serving manipulative crap of their privileged white, o en billionaire, associates. It is indeed not a race war but a class war and colour is just a diversion. Black Senator Cory Booker and black Congresswoman Maxine Waters, more residents of Nincompoopia, personify this. Once you tell people they are victims of someone else you devalue both their own responsibility for their plight and the power they have to impact on their reality and experience. Instead

we have: ‘You are only in your situation because of whitey – turn on them and everything will change.’ It won’t change. Nothing changes in our lives unless we change it. Crucial to that is never seeing yourself as a victim and always as the creator of your reality. Life is a simple sequence of choice and consequence. Make different choices and you create different consequences. You have to make those choices – not Black Lives Ma er, the Woke Mafia and anyone else that seeks to dictate your life. Who are they these Wokers, an emotional and psychological road traffic accident, to tell you what to do? Personal empowerment is the last thing the Cult and its Black Lives Ma er want black people or anyone else to have. They claim to be defending the underdog while creating and perpetuating the underdog. The Cult’s worst nightmare is human unity and if they are going to keep blacks, whites and every other race under economic servitude and control then the focus must be diverted from what they have in common to what they can be manipulated to believe divides them. Blacks have to be told that their poverty and plight is the fault of the white bloke living on the street in the same poverty and with the same plight they are experiencing. The difference is that your plight black people is due to him, a white supremacist with ‘white privilege’ living on the street. Don’t unite as one human family against your mutual oppressors and suppressors – fight the oppressor with the white face who is as financially deprived as you are. The Cult knows that as its ‘Covid’ agenda moves into still new levels of extremism people are going to respond and it has been spreading the seeds of disunity everywhere to stop a united response to the evil that targets all of us. Racist a acks on ‘whiteness’ are ge ing ever more outrageous and especially through the American Democratic Party which has an appalling history for anti-black racism. Barack Obama, Joe Biden, Hillary Clinton and Nancy Pelosi all eulogised about Senator Robert Byrd at his funeral in 2010 a er a nearly 60-year career in Congress. Byrd was a brutal Ku Klux Klan racist and a violent abuser of Cathy O’Brien in MKUltra. He said he would never fight in the military ‘with a negro by my side’ and ‘rather I should die a thousand times,

and see Old Glory trampled in the dirt never to rise again, than to see this beloved land of ours become degraded by race mongrels, a throwback to the blackest specimen from the wilds’. Biden called Byrd a ‘very close friend and mentor’. These ‘Woke’ hypocrites are not anti-racist they are anti-poor and anti-people not of their perceived class. Here is an illustration of the scale of anti-white racism to which we have now descended. Seriously Woke and moronic New York Times contributor Damon Young described whiteness as a ‘virus’ that ‘like other viruses will not die until there are no bodies le for it to infect’. He went on: ‘… the only way to stop it is to locate it, isolate it, extract it, and kill it.’ Young can say that as a black man with no consequences when a white man saying the same in reverse would be facing a jail sentence. That’s racism. We had super-Woke numbskull senators Tammy Duckworth and Mazie Hirono saying they would object to future Biden Cabinet appointments if he did not nominate more Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. Never mind the ability of the candidate what do they look like? Duckworth said: ‘I will vote for racial minorities and I will vote for LGBTQ, but anyone else I’m not voting for.’ Appointing people on the grounds of race is illegal, but that was not a problem for this ludicrous pair. They were on-message and that’s a free pass in any situation.

Critical race racism White children are told at school they are intrinsically racist as they are taught the divisive ‘critical race theory’. This claims that the law and legal institutions are inherently racist and that race is a socially constructed concept used by white people to further their economic and political interests at the expense of people of colour. White is a ‘virus’ as we’ve seen. Racial inequality results from ‘social, economic, and legal differences that white people create between races to maintain white interests which leads to poverty and criminality in minority communities‘. I must tell that to the white guy sleeping on the street. The principal of East Side Community School in New York sent white parents a manifesto that called on

them to become ‘white traitors’ and advocate for full ‘white abolition’. These people are teaching your kids when they urgently need a psychiatrist. The ‘school’ included a chart with ‘eight white identities’ that ranged from ‘white supremacist’ to ‘white abolition’ and defined the behaviour white people must follow to end ‘the regime of whiteness’. Woke blacks and their privileged white associates are acting exactly like the slave owners of old and Ku Klux Klan racists like Robert Byrd. They are too full of their own selfpurity to see that, but it’s true. Racism is not a body type; it’s a state of mind that can manifest through any colour, creed or culture. Another racial fraud is ‘equity’. Not equality of treatment and opportunity – equity. It’s a term spun as equality when it means something very different. Equality in its true sense is a raising up while ‘equity’ is a race to the bo om. Everyone in the same level of poverty is ‘equity’. Keep everyone down – that’s equity. The Cult doesn’t want anyone in the human family to be empowered and BLM leaders, like all these ‘anti-racist’ organisations, continue their privileged, pampered existence by perpetuating the perception of gathering racism. When is the last time you heard an ‘anti-racist’ or ‘anti-Semitism’ organisation say that acts of racism and discrimination have fallen? It’s not in the interests of their fundraising and power to influence and the same goes for the professional soccer anti-racism operation, Kick It Out. Two things confirmed that the Black Lives Ma er riots in the summer of 2020 were Cult creations. One was that while anti-lockdown protests were condemned in this same period for ‘transmi ing ‘Covid’ the authorities supported mass gatherings of Black Lives Ma er supporters. I even saw self-deluding people claiming to be doctors say the two types of protest were not the same. No – the non-existent ‘Covid’ was in favour of lockdowns and a acked those that protested against them while ‘Covid’ supported Black Lives Ma er and kept well away from its protests. The whole thing was a joke and as lockdown protestors were arrested, o en brutally, by reframed Face-Nappies we had the grotesque sight of police officers taking the knee to Black Lives Ma er, a Cult-funded Marxist

organisation that supports violent riots and wants to destroy the nuclear family and white people.

He’s not white? Shucks! Woke obsession with race was on display again when ten people were shot dead in Boulder, Colorado, in March, 2021. Cult-owned Woke TV channels like CNN said the shooter appeared to be a white man and Wokers were on Twi er condemning ‘violent white men’ with the usual mantras. Then the shooter’s name was released as Ahmad Al Aliwi Alissa, an anti-Trump Arab-American, and the sigh of disappointment could be heard five miles away. Never mind that ten people were dead and what that meant for their families. Race baiting was all that ma ered to these sick Cult-serving people like Barack Obama who exploited the deaths to further divide America on racial grounds which is his job for the Cult. This is the man that ‘racist’ white Americans made the first black president of the United States and then gave him a second term. Not-very-bright Obama has become filthy rich on the back of that and today appears to have a big influence on the Biden administration. Even so he’s still a downtrodden black man and a victim of white supremacy. This disingenuous fraud reveals the contempt he has for black people when he puts on a Deep South Alabama accent whenever he talks to them, no, at them. Another BLM red flag was how the now fully-Woke (fully-Cult) and fully-virtue-signalled professional soccer authorities had their teams taking the knee before every match in support of Marxist Black Lives Ma er. Soccer authorities and clubs displayed ‘Black Lives Ma er’ on the players’ shirts and flashed the name on electronic billboards around the pitch. Any fans that condemned what is a Freemasonic taking-the-knee ritual were widely condemned as you would expect from the Woke virtue-signallers of professional sport and the now fully-Woke media. We have reverse racism in which you are banned from criticising any race or culture except for white people for whom anything goes – say what you like, no problem. What has this got to do with racial harmony and

equality? We’ve had black supremacists from Black Lives Ma er telling white people to fall to their knees in the street and apologise for their white supremacy. Black supremacists acting like white supremacist slave owners of the past couldn’t breach their selfobsessed, race-obsessed sense of self-purity. Joe Biden appointed a race-obsessed black supremacist Kristen Clarke to head the Justice Department Civil Rights Division. Clarke claimed that blacks are endowed with ‘greater mental, physical and spiritual abilities’ than whites. If anyone reversed that statement they would be vilified. Clarke is on-message so no problem. She’s never seen a black-white situation in which the black figure is anything but a virtuous victim and she heads the Civil Rights Division which should treat everyone the same or it isn’t civil rights. Another perception of the Renegade Mind: If something or someone is part of the Cult agenda they will be supported by Woke governments and media no ma er what. If they’re not, they will be condemned and censored. It really is that simple and so racist Clarke prospers despite (make that because of) her racism.

The end of culture Biden’s administration is full of such racial, cultural and economic bias as the Cult requires the human family to be divided into warring factions. We are now seeing racially-segregated graduations and everything, but everything, is defined through the lens of perceived ‘racism. We have ‘racist’ mathematics, ‘racist’ food and even ‘racist’ plants. World famous Kew Gardens in London said it was changing labels on plants and flowers to tell its pre-‘Covid’ more than two million visitors a year how racist they are. Kew director Richard Deverell said this was part of an effort to ‘move quickly to decolonise collections’ a er they were approached by one Ajay Chhabra ‘an actor with an insight into how sugar cane was linked to slavery’. They are plants you idiots. ‘Decolonisation’ in the Woke manual really means colonisation of society with its mentality and by extension colonisation by the Cult. We are witnessing a new Chinese-style ‘Cultural Revolution’ so essential to the success of all

Marxist takeovers. Our cultural past and traditions have to be swept away to allow a new culture to be built-back-be er. Woke targeting of long-standing Western cultural pillars including historical monuments and cancelling of historical figures is what happened in the Mao revolution in China which ‘purged remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society‘ and installed Maoism as the dominant ideology‘. For China see the Western world today and for ‘dominant ideology’ see Woke. Be er still see Marxism or Maoism. The ‘Covid’ hoax has specifically sought to destroy the arts and all elements of Western culture from people meeting in a pub or restaurant to closing theatres, music venues, sports stadiums, places of worship and even banning singing. Destruction of Western society is also why criticism of any religion is banned except for Christianity which again is the dominant religion as white is the numericallydominant race. Christianity may be fading rapidly, but its history and traditions are weaved through the fabric of Western society. Delete the pillars and other structures will follow until the whole thing collapses. I am not a Christian defending that religion when I say that. I have no religion. It’s just a fact. To this end Christianity has itself been turned Woke to usher its own downfall and its ranks are awash with ‘change agents’ – knowing and unknowing – at every level including Pope Francis (definitely knowing) and the clueless Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby (possibly not, but who can be sure?). Woke seeks to coordinate a acks on Western culture, traditions, and ways of life through ‘intersectionality’ defined as ‘the complex, cumulative way in which the effects of multiple forms of discrimination (such as racism, sexism, and classism) combine, overlap, or intersect especially in the experiences of marginalised individuals or groups’. Wade through the Orwellian Woke-speak and this means coordinating disparate groups in a common cause to overthrow freedom and liberal values. The entire structure of public institutions has been infested with Woke – government at all levels, political parties, police, military, schools, universities, advertising, media and trade unions. This abomination has been achieved through the Cult web by appointing

Wokers to positions of power and ba ering non-Wokers into line through intimidation, isolation and threats to their job. Many have been fired in the wake of the empathy-deleted, vicious hostility of ‘social justice’ Wokers and the desire of gutless, spineless employers to virtue-signal their Wokeness. Corporations are filled with Wokers today, most notably those in Silicon Valley. Ironically at the top they are not Woke at all. They are only exploiting the mentality their Cult masters have created and funded to censor and enslave while the Wokers cheer them on until it’s their turn. Thus the Woke ‘liberal le ’ is an inversion of the traditional liberal le . Campaigning for justice on the grounds of power and wealth distribution has been replaced by campaigning for identity politics. The genuine traditional le would never have taken money from today’s billionaire abusers of fairness and justice and nor would the billionaires have wanted to fund that genuine le . It would not have been in their interests to do so. The division of opinion in those days was between the haves and have nots. This all changed with Cult manipulated and funded identity politics. The division of opinion today is between Wokers and non-Wokers and not income brackets. Cult corporations and their billionaires may have taken wealth disparity to cataclysmic levels of injustice, but as long as they speak the language of Woke, hand out the dosh to the Woke network and censor the enemy they are ‘one of us’. Billionaires who don’t give a damn about injustice are laughing at them till their bellies hurt. Wokers are not even close to self-aware enough to see that. The transformed ‘le ’ dynamic means that Wokers who drone on about ‘social justice’ are funded by billionaires that have destroyed social justice the world over. It’s why they are billionaires.

The climate con Nothing encapsulates what I have said more comprehensively than the hoax of human-caused global warming. I have detailed in my books over the years how Cult operatives and organisations were the pump-primers from the start of the climate con. A purpose-built vehicle for this is the Club of Rome established by the Cult in 1968

with the Rockefellers and Rothschilds centrally involved all along. Their gofer frontman Maurice Strong, a Canadian oil millionaire, hosted the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992 where the global ‘green movement’ really expanded in earnest under the guiding hand of the Cult. The Earth Summit established Agenda 21 through the Cult-created-and-owned United Nations to use the illusion of human-caused climate change to justify the transformation of global society to save the world from climate disaster. It is a No-Problem-Reaction-Solution sold through governments, media, schools and universities as whole generations have been terrified into believing that the world was going to end in their lifetimes unless what old people had inflicted upon them was stopped by a complete restructuring of how everything is done. Chill, kids, it’s all a hoax. Such restructuring is precisely what the Cult agenda demands (purely by coincidence of course). Today this has been given the codename of the Great Reset which is only an updated term for Agenda 21 and its associated Agenda 2030. The la er, too, is administered through the UN and was voted into being by the General Assembly in 2015. Both 21 and 2030 seek centralised control of all resources and food right down to the raindrops falling on your own land. These are some of the demands of Agenda 21 established in 1992. See if you recognise this society emerging today: • End national sovereignty • State planning and management of all land resources, ecosystems, deserts, forests, mountains, oceans and fresh water; agriculture; rural development; biotechnology; and ensuring ‘equity’ • The state to ‘define the role’ of business and financial resources • Abolition of private property • ‘Restructuring’ the family unit (see BLM) • Children raised by the state • People told what their job will be • Major restrictions on movement • Creation of ‘human se lement zones’

• Mass rese lement as people are forced to vacate land where they live • Dumbing down education • Mass global depopulation in pursuit of all the above The United Nations was created as a Trojan horse for world government. With the climate con of critical importance to promoting that outcome you would expect the UN to be involved. Oh, it’s involved all right. The UN is promoting Agenda 21 and Agenda 2030 justified by ‘climate change’ while also driving the climate hoax through its Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), one of the world’s most corrupt organisations. The IPCC has been lying ferociously and constantly since the day it opened its doors with the global media hanging unquestioningly on its every mendacious word. The Green movement is entirely Woke and has long lost its original environmental focus since it was coopted by the Cult. An obsession with ‘global warming’ has deleted its values and scrambled its head. I experienced a small example of what I mean on a beautiful country walk that I have enjoyed several times a week for many years. The path merged into the fields and forests and you felt at one with the natural world. Then a ‘Green’ organisation, the Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust, took over part of the land and proceeded to cut down a large number of trees, including mature ones, to install a horrible big, bright steel ‘this-is-ours-stay-out’ fence that destroyed the whole atmosphere of this beautiful place. No one with a feel for nature would do that. Day a er day I walked to the sound of chainsaws and a magnificent mature weeping willow tree that I so admired was cut down at the base of the trunk. When I challenged a Woke young girl in a green shirt (of course) about this vandalism she replied: ‘It’s a weeping willow – it will grow back.’ This is what people are paying for when they donate to the Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust and many other ‘green’ organisations today. It is not the environmental movement that I knew and instead has become a support-system – as with Extinction Rebellion – for a very dark agenda.

Private jets for climate justice The Cult-owned, Gates-funded, World Economic Forum and its founder Klaus Schwab were behind the emergence of Greta Thunberg to harness the young behind the climate agenda and she was invited to speak to the world at … the UN. Schwab published a book, Covid-19: The Great Reset in 2020 in which he used the ‘Covid’ hoax and the climate hoax to lay out a new society straight out of Agenda 21 and Agenda 2030. Bill Gates followed in early 2021 when he took time out from destroying the world to produce a book in his name about the way to save it. Gates flies across the world in private jets and admi ed that ‘I probably have one of the highest greenhouse gas footprints of anyone on the planet … my personal flying alone is gigantic.’ He has also bid for the planet’s biggest private jet operator. Other climate change saviours who fly in private jets include John Kerry, the US Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, and actor Leonardo DiCaprio, a ‘UN Messenger of Peace with special focus on climate change’. These people are so full of bullshit they could corner the market in manure. We mustn’t be sceptical, though, because the Gates book, How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need, is a genuine a empt to protect the world and not an obvious pile of excrement a ributed to a mega-psychopath aimed at selling his masters’ plans for humanity. The Gates book and the other shite-pile by Klaus Schwab could have been wri en by the same person and may well have been. Both use ‘climate change’ and ‘Covid’ as the excuses for their new society and by coincidence the Cult’s World Economic Forum and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation promote the climate hoax and hosted Event 201 which pre-empted with a ‘simulation’ the very ‘coronavirus’ hoax that would be simulated for real on humanity within weeks. The British ‘royal’ family is promoting the ‘Reset’ as you would expect through Prince ‘climate change caused the war in Syria’ Charles and his hapless son Prince William who said that we must ‘reset our relationship with nature and our trajectory as a species’ to avoid a climate disaster. Amazing how many promotors of the ‘Covid’ and ‘climate change’ control

systems are connected to Gates and the World Economic Forum. A ‘study’ in early 2021 claimed that carbon dioxide emissions must fall by the equivalent of a global lockdown roughly every two years for the next decade to save the planet. The ‘study’ appeared in the same period that the Schwab mob claimed in a video that lockdowns destroying the lives of billions are good because they make the earth ‘quieter’ with less ‘ambient noise’. They took down the video amid a public backlash for such arrogant, empathy-deleted stupidity You see, however, where they are going with this. Corinne Le Quéré, a professor at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of East Anglia, was lead author of the climate lockdown study, and she writes for … the World Economic Forum. Gates calls in ‘his’ book for changing ‘every aspect of the economy’ (long-time Cult agenda) and for humans to eat synthetic ‘meat’ (predicted in my books) while cows and other farm animals are eliminated. Australian TV host and commentator Alan Jones described what carbon emission targets would mean for farm animals in Australia alone if emissions were reduced as demanded by 35 percent by 2030 and zero by 2050: Well, let’s take agriculture, the total emissions from agriculture are about 75 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, equivalent. Now reduce that by 35 percent and you have to come down to 50 million tonnes, I’ve done the maths. So if you take for example 1.5 million cows, you’re going to have to reduce the herd by 525,000 [by] 2030, nine years, that’s 58,000 cows a year. The beef herd’s 30 million, reduce that by 35 percent, that’s 10.5 million, which means 1.2 million cattle have to go every year between now and 2030. This is insanity! There are 75 million sheep. Reduce that by 35 percent, that’s 26 million sheep, that’s almost 3 million a year. So under the Paris Agreement over 30 million beasts. dairy cows, cattle, pigs and sheep would go. More than 8,000 every minute of every hour for the next decade, do these people know what they’re talking about?

Clearly they don’t at the level of campaigners, politicians and administrators. The Cult does know; that’s the outcome it wants. We are faced with not just a war on humanity. Animals and the natural world are being targeted and I have been saying since the ‘Covid’ hoax began that the plan eventually was to claim that the ‘deadly virus’ is able to jump from animals, including farm animals and

domestic pets, to humans. Just before this book went into production came this story: ‘Russia registers world’s first Covid-19 vaccine for cats & dogs as makers of Sputnik V warn pets & farm animals could spread virus’. The report said ‘top scientists warned that the deadly pathogen could soon begin spreading through homes and farms’ and ‘the next stage is the infection of farm and domestic animals’. Know the outcome and you’ll see the journey. Think what that would mean for animals and keep your eye on a term called zoonosis or zoonotic diseases which transmit between animals and humans. The Cult wants to break the connection between animals and people as it does between people and people. Farm animals fit with the Cult agenda to transform food from natural to synthetic.

The gas of life is killing us There can be few greater examples of Cult inversion than the condemnation of carbon dioxide as a dangerous pollutant when it is the gas of life. Without it the natural world would be dead and so we would all be dead. We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide while plants produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide. It is a perfect symbiotic relationship that the Cult wants to dismantle for reasons I will come to in the final two chapters. Gates, Schwab, other Cult operatives and mindless repeaters, want the world to be ‘carbon neutral’ by at least 2050 and the earlier the be er. ‘Zero carbon’ is the cry echoed by lunatics calling for ‘Zero Covid’ when we already have it. These carbon emission targets will deindustrialise the world in accordance with Cult plans – the postindustrial, post-democratic society – and with so-called renewables like solar and wind not coming even close to meeting human energy needs blackouts and cold are inevitable. Texans got the picture in the winter of 2021 when a snow storm stopped wind turbines and solar panels from working and the lights went down along with water which relies on electricity for its supply system. Gates wants everything to be powered by electricity to ensure that his masters have the kill switch to stop all human activity, movement, cooking, water and warmth any time they like. The climate lie is so

stupendously inverted that it claims we must urgently reduce carbon dioxide when we don’t have enough. Co2 in the atmosphere is a li le above 400 parts per million when the optimum for plant growth is 2,000 ppm and when it falls anywhere near 150 ppm the natural world starts to die and so do we. It fell to as low as 280 ppm in an 1880 measurement in Hawaii and rose to 413 ppm in 2019 with industrialisation which is why the planet has become greener in the industrial period. How insane then that psychopathic madman Gates is not satisfied only with blocking the rise of Co2. He’s funding technology to suck it out of the atmosphere. The reason why will become clear. The industrial era is not destroying the world through Co2 and has instead turned around a potentially disastrous ongoing fall in Co2. Greenpeace cofounder and scientist Patrick Moore walked away from Greenpeace in 1986 and has exposed the green movement for fear-mongering and lies. He said that 500 million years ago there was 17 times more Co2 in the atmosphere than we have today and levels have been falling for hundreds of millions of years. In the last 150 million years Co2 levels in Earth’s atmosphere had reduced by 90 percent. Moore said that by the time humanity began to unlock carbon dioxide from fossil fuels we were at ‘38 seconds to midnight’ and in that sense: ‘Humans are [the Earth’s] salvation.’ Moore made the point that only half the Co2 emi ed by fossil fuels stays in the atmosphere and we should remember that all pollution pouring from chimneys that we are told is carbon dioxide is in fact nothing of the kind. It’s pollution. Carbon dioxide is an invisible gas. William Happer, Professor of Physics at Princeton University and long-time government adviser on climate, has emphasised the Co2 deficiency for maximum growth and food production. Greenhouse growers don’t add carbon dioxide for a bit of fun. He said that most of the warming in the last 100 years, a er the earth emerged from the super-cold period of the ‘Li le Ice Age’ into a natural warming cycle, was over by 1940. Happer said that a peak year for warming in 1988 can be explained by a ‘monster El Nino’ which is a natural and cyclical warming of the Pacific that has nothing to do with ‘climate

change’. He said the effect of Co2 could be compared to painting a wall with red paint in that once two or three coats have been applied it didn’t ma er how much more you slapped on because the wall will not get much redder. Almost all the effect of the rise in Co2 has already happened, he said, and the volume in the atmosphere would now have to double to increase temperature by a single degree. Climate hoaxers know this and they have invented the most ridiculously complicated series of ‘feedback’ loops to try to overcome this rather devastating fact. You hear puppet Greta going on cluelessly about feedback loops and this is why.

The Sun affects temperature? No you

climate denier

Some other nonsense to contemplate: Climate graphs show that rises in temperature do not follow rises in Co2 – it’s the other way round with a lag between the two of some 800 years. If we go back 800 years from present time we hit the Medieval Warm Period when temperatures were higher than now without any industrialisation and this was followed by the Li le Ice Age when temperatures plummeted. The world was still emerging from these centuries of serious cold when many climate records began which makes the ever-repeated line of the ‘ho est year since records began’ meaningless when you are not comparing like with like. The coldest period of the Li le Ice Age corresponded with the lowest period of sunspot activity when the Sun was at its least active. Proper scientists will not be at all surprised by this when it confirms the obvious fact that earth temperature is affected by the scale of Sun activity and the energetic power that it subsequently emits; but when is the last time you heard a climate hoaxer talking about the Sun as a source of earth temperature?? Everything has to be focussed on Co2 which makes up just 0.117 percent of so-called greenhouse gases and only a fraction of even that is generated by human activity. The rest is natural. More than 90 percent of those greenhouse gases are water vapour and clouds (Fig 9). Ban moisture I say. Have you noticed that the climate hoaxers no longer use the polar bear as their promotion image? That’s because far from becoming extinct polar

bear communities are stable or thriving. Joe Bastardi, American meteorologist, weather forecaster and outspoken critic of the climate lie, documents in his book The Climate Chronicles how weather pa erns and events claimed to be evidence of climate change have been happening since long before industrialisation: ‘What happened before naturally is happening again, as is to be expected given the cyclical nature of the climate due to the design of the planet.’ If you read the detailed background to the climate hoax in my other books you will shake your head and wonder how anyone could believe the crap which has spawned a multi-trillion dollar industry based on absolute garbage (see HIV causes AIDs and Sars-Cov-2 causes ‘Covid-19’). Climate and ‘Covid’ have much in common given they have the same source. They both have the contradictory everything factor in which everything is explained by reference to them. It’s hot – ‘it’s climate change’. It’s cold – ‘it’s climate change’. I got a sniffle – ‘it’s Covid’. I haven’t got a sniffle – ‘it’s Covid’. Not having a sniffle has to be a symptom of ‘Covid’. Everything is and not having a sniffle is especially dangerous if you are a slow walker. For sheer audacity I offer you a Cambridge University ‘study’ that actually linked ‘Covid’ to ‘climate change’. It had to happen eventually. They concluded that climate change played a role in ‘Covid-19’ spreading from animals to humans because … wait for it … I kid you not … the two groups were forced closer together as populations grow. Er, that’s it. The whole foundation on which this depended was that ‘Bats are the likely zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2’. Well, they are not. They are nothing to do with it. Apart from bats not being the origin and therefore ‘climate change’ effects on bats being irrelevant I am in awe of their academic insight. Where would we be without them? Not where we are that’s for sure.

Figure 9: The idea that the gas of life is disastrously changing the climate is an insult to brain cell activity.

One other point about the weather is that climate modification is now well advanced and not every major weather event is natural – or earthquake come to that. I cover this subject at some length in other books. China is openly planning a rapid expansion of its weather modification programme which includes changing the climate in an area more than one and a half times the size of India. China used weather manipulation to ensure clear skies during the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. I have quoted from US military documents detailing how to employ weather manipulation as a weapon of war and they did that in the 1960s and 70s during the conflict in Vietnam with Operation Popeye manipulating monsoon rains for military purposes. Why would there be international treaties on weather modification if it wasn’t possible? Of course it is. Weather is energetic information and it can be changed.

How was the climate hoax pulled off? See ‘Covid’ If you can get billions to believe in a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist you can get them to believe in human-caused climate change that doesn’t exist. Both are being used by the Cult to transform global society in the way it has long planned. Both hoaxes have been achieved in pre y much the same way. First you declare a lie is a fact. There’s a

‘virus’ you call SARS-Cov-2 or humans are warming the planet with their behaviour. Next this becomes, via Cult networks, the foundation of government, academic and science policy and belief. Those who parrot the mantra are given big grants to produce research that confirms the narrative is true and ever more ‘symptoms’ are added to make the ‘virus’/’climate change’ sound even more scary. Scientists and researchers who challenge the narrative have their grants withdrawn and their careers destroyed. The media promote the lie as the unquestionable truth and censor those with an alternative view or evidence. A great percentage of the population believe what they are told as the lie becomes an everybody-knows-that and the believing-masses turn on those with a mind of their own. The technique has been used endlessly throughout human history. Wokers are the biggest promotors of the climate lie and ‘Covid’ fascism because their minds are owned by the Cult; their sense of self-righteous self-purity knows no bounds; and they exist in a bubble of reality in which facts are irrelevant and only get in the way of looking without seeing. Running through all of this like veins in a blue cheese is control of information, which means control of perception, which means control of behaviour, which collectively means control of human society. The Cult owns the global media and Silicon Valley fascists for the simple reason that it has to. Without control of information it can’t control perception and through that human society. Examine every facet of the Cult agenda and you will see that anything supporting its introduction is never censored while anything pushing back is always censored. I say again: Psychopaths that know why they are doing this must go before Nuremberg trials and those that follow their orders must trot along behind them into the same dock. ‘I was just following orders’ didn’t work the first time and it must not work now. Nuremberg trials must be held all over the world before public juries for politicians, government officials, police, compliant doctors, scientists and virologists, and all Cult operatives such as Gates, Tedros, Fauci, Vallance, Whi y, Ferguson, Zuckerberg, Wojcicki, Brin, Page, Dorsey, the whole damn lot of

them – including, no especially, the psychopath psychologists. Without them and the brainless, gutless excuses for journalists that have repeated their lies, none of this could be happening. Nobody can be allowed to escape justice for the psychological and economic Armageddon they are all responsible for visiting upon the human race. As for the compliant, unquestioning, swathes of humanity, and the self-obsessed, all-knowing ignorance of the Wokers … don’t start me. God help their kids. God help their grandkids. God help them.

CHAPTER NINE We must have it? So what is it? Well I won’t back down. No, I won’t back down. You can stand me up at the Gates of Hell. But I won’t back down Tom Petty

I

will now focus on the genetically-manipulating ‘Covid vaccines’ which do not meet this official definition of a vaccine by the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC): ‘A product that stimulates a person’s immune system to produce immunity to a specific disease, protecting the person from that disease.’ On that basis ‘Covid vaccines’ are not a vaccine in that the makers don’t even claim they stop infection or transmission. They are instead part of a multi-levelled conspiracy to change the nature of the human body and what it means to be ‘human’ and to depopulate an enormous swathe of humanity. What I shall call Human 1.0 is on the cusp of becoming Human 2.0 and for very sinister reasons. Before I get to the ‘Covid vaccine’ in detail here’s some background to vaccines in general. Government regulators do not test vaccines – the makers do – and the makers control which data is revealed and which isn’t. Children in America are given 50 vaccine doses by age six and 69 by age 19 and the effect of the whole combined schedule has never been tested. Autoimmune diseases when the immune system a acks its own body have soared in the mass vaccine era and so has disease in general in children and the young. Why wouldn’t this be the case when vaccines target the immune system? The US government gave Big Pharma drug

companies immunity from prosecution for vaccine death and injury in the 1986 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA) and since then the government (taxpayer) has been funding compensation for the consequences of Big Pharma vaccines. The criminal and satanic drug giants can’t lose and the vaccine schedule has increased dramatically since 1986 for this reason. There is no incentive to make vaccines safe and a big incentive to make money by introducing ever more. Even against a ridiculously high bar to prove vaccine liability, and with the government controlling the hearing in which it is being challenged for compensation, the vaccine court has so far paid out more than $4 billion. These are the vaccines we are told are safe and psychopaths like Zuckerberg censor posts saying otherwise. The immunity law was even justified by a ruling that vaccines by their nature were ‘unavoidably unsafe’. Check out the ingredients of vaccines and you will be shocked if you are new to this. They put that in children’s bodies?? What?? Try aluminium, a brain toxin connected to dementia, aborted foetal tissue and formaldehyde which is used to embalm corpses. Worldrenowned aluminium expert Christopher Exley had his research into the health effect of aluminium in vaccines shut down by Keele University in the UK when it began taking funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Research when diseases ‘eradicated’ by vaccines began to decline and you will find the fall began long before the vaccine was introduced. Sometimes the fall even plateaued a er the vaccine. Diseases like scarlet fever for which there was no vaccine declined in the same way because of environmental and other factors. A perfect case in point is the polio vaccine. Polio began when lead arsenate was first sprayed as an insecticide and residues remained in food products. Spraying started in 1892 and the first US polio epidemic came in Vermont in 1894. The simple answer was to stop spraying, but Rockefeller-created Big Pharma had a be er idea. Polio was decreed to be caused by the poliovirus which ‘spreads from person to person and can infect a person’s spinal cord’. Lead arsenate was replaced by the lethal DDT which had the same effect of causing paralysis by damaging the brain and central nervous

system. Polio plummeted when DDT was reduced and then banned, but the vaccine is still given the credit for something it didn’t do. Today by far the biggest cause of polio is the vaccines promoted by Bill Gates. Vaccine justice campaigner Robert Kennedy Jr, son of assassinated (by the Cult) US A orney General Robert Kennedy, wrote: In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) reluctantly admitted that the global explosion in polio is predominantly vaccine strain. The most frightening epidemics in Congo, Afghanistan, and the Philippines, are all linked to vaccines. In fact, by 2018, 70% of global polio cases were vaccine strain.

Vaccines make fortunes for Cult-owned Gates and Big Pharma while undermining the health and immune systems of the population. We had a glimpse of the mentality behind the Big Pharma cartel with a report on WION (World is One News), an international English language TV station based in India, which exposed the extraordinary behaviour of US drug company Pfizer over its ‘Covid vaccine’. The WION report told how Pfizer had made fantastic demands of Argentina, Brazil and other countries in return for its ‘vaccine’. These included immunity from prosecution, even for Pfizer negligence, government insurance to protect Pfizer from law suits and handing over as collateral sovereign assets of the country to include Argentina’s bank reserves, military bases and embassy buildings. Pfizer demanded the same of Brazil in the form of waiving sovereignty of its assets abroad; exempting Pfizer from Brazilian laws; and giving Pfizer immunity from all civil liability. This is a ‘vaccine’ developed with government funding. Big Pharma is evil incarnate as a creation of the Cult and all must be handed tickets to Nuremberg.

Phantom ‘vaccine’ for a phantom ‘disease’ I’ll expose the ‘Covid vaccine’ fraud and then go on to the wider background of why the Cult has set out to ‘vaccinate’ every man, woman and child on the planet for an alleged ‘new disease’ with a survival rate of 99.77 percent (or more) even by the grotesquely-

manipulated figures of the World Health Organization and Johns Hopkins University. The ‘infection’ to ‘death’ ratio is 0.23 to 0.15 percent according to Stanford epidemiologist Dr John Ioannidis and while estimates vary the danger remains tiny. I say that if the truth be told the fake infection to fake death ratio is zero. Never mind all the evidence I have presented here and in The Answer that there is no ‘virus’ let us just focus for a moment on that death-rate figure of say 0.23 percent. The figure includes all those worldwide who have tested positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’ and then died within 28 days or even longer of any other cause – any other cause. Now subtract all those illusory ‘Covid’ deaths on the global data sheets from the 0.23 percent. What do you think you would be le with? Zero. A vaccination has never been successfully developed for a so-called coronavirus. They have all failed at the animal testing stage when they caused hypersensitivity to what they were claiming to protect against and made the impact of a disease far worse. Cultowned vaccine corporations got around that problem this time by bypassing animal trials, going straight to humans and making the length of the ‘trials’ before the public rollout as short as they could get away with. Normally it takes five to ten years or more to develop vaccines that still cause demonstrable harm to many people and that’s without including the long-term effects that are never officially connected to the vaccination. ‘Covid’ non-vaccines have been officially produced and approved in a ma er of months from a standing start and part of the reason is that (a) they were developed before the ‘Covid’ hoax began and (b) they are based on computer programs and not natural sources. Official non-trials were so short that government agencies gave emergency, not full, approval. ‘Trials’ were not even completed and full approval cannot be secured until they are. Public ‘Covid vaccination’ is actually a continuation of the trial. Drug company ‘trials’ are not scheduled to end until 2023 by which time a lot of people are going to be dead. Data on which government agencies gave this emergency approval was supplied by the Big Pharma corporations themselves in the form of Pfizer/BioNTech, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, and

others, and this is the case with all vaccines. By its very nature emergency approval means drug companies do not have to prove that the ‘vaccine’ is ‘safe and effective’. How could they with trials way short of complete? Government regulators only have to believe that they could be safe and effective. It is criminal manipulation to get products in circulation with no testing worth the name. Agencies giving that approval are infested with Big Pharma-connected placepeople and they act in the interests of Big Pharma (the Cult) and not the public about whom they do not give a damn.

More human lab rats ‘Covid vaccines’ produced in record time by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna employ a technique never approved before for use on humans. They are known as mRNA ‘vaccines’ and inject a synthetic version of ‘viral’ mRNA or ‘messenger RNA’. The key is in the term ‘messenger’. The body works, or doesn’t, on the basis of information messaging. Communications are constantly passing between and within the genetic system and the brain. Change those messages and you change the state of the body and even its very nature and you can change psychology and behaviour by the way the brain processes information. I think you are going to see significant changes in personality and perception of many people who have had the ‘Covid vaccine’ synthetic potions. Insider Aldous Huxley predicted the following in 1961 and mRNA ‘vaccines’ can be included in the term ‘pharmacological methods’: There will be, in the next generation or so, a pharmacological method of making people love their servitude, and producing dictatorship without tears, so to speak, producing a kind of painless concentration camp for entire societies, so that people will in fact have their own liberties taken away from them, but rather enjoy it, because they will be distracted from any desire to rebel by propaganda or brainwashing, or brainwashing enhanced by pharmacological methods. And this seems to be the final revolution.

Apologists claim that mRNA synthetic ‘vaccines’ don’t change the DNA genetic blueprint because RNA does not affect DNA only the other way round. This is so disingenuous. A process called ‘reverse

transcription’ can convert RNA into DNA and be integrated into DNA in the cell nucleus. This was highlighted in December, 2020, by scientists at Harvard and Massachuse s Institute of Technology (MIT). Geneticists report that more than 40 percent of mammalian genomes results from reverse transcription. On the most basic level if messaging changes then that sequence must lead to changes in DNA which is receiving and transmi ing those communications. How can introducing synthetic material into cells not change the cells where DNA is located? The process is known as transfection which is defined as ‘a technique to insert foreign nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) into a cell, typically with the intention of altering the properties of the cell’. Researchers at the Sloan Ke ering Institute in New York found that changes in messenger RNA can deactivate tumour-suppressing proteins and thereby promote cancer. This is what happens when you mess with messaging. ‘Covid vaccine’ maker Moderna was founded in 2010 by Canadian stem cell biologist Derrick J. Rossi a er his breakthrough discovery in the field of transforming and reprogramming stem cells. These are neutral cells that can be programmed to become any cell including sperm cells. Moderna was therefore founded on the principle of genetic manipulation and has never produced any vaccine or drug before its genetically-manipulating synthetic ‘Covid’ shite. Look at the name – Mode-RNA or Modify-RNA. Another important point is that the US Supreme Court has ruled that genetically-modified DNA, or complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesized in the laboratory from messenger RNA, can be patented and owned. These psychopaths are doing this to the human body. Cells replicate synthetic mRNA in the ‘Covid vaccines’ and in theory the body is tricked into making antigens which trigger antibodies to target the ‘virus spike proteins’ which as Dr Tom Cowan said have never been seen. Cut the crap and these ‘vaccines’ deliver self-replicating synthetic material to the cells with the effect of changing human DNA. The more of them you have the more that process is compounded while synthetic material is all the time selfreplicating. ‘Vaccine’-maker Moderna describes mRNA as ‘like

so ware for the cell’ and so they are messing with the body’s so ware. What happens when you change the so ware in a computer? Everything changes. For this reason the Cult is preparing a production line of mRNA ‘Covid vaccines’ and a long list of excuses to use them as with all the ‘variants’ of a ‘virus’ never shown to exist. The plan is further to transfer the mRNA technique to other vaccines mostly given to children and young people. The cumulative consequences will be a transformation of human DNA through a constant infusion of synthetic genetic material which will kill many and change the rest. Now consider that governments that have given emergency approval for a vaccine that’s not a vaccine; never been approved for humans before; had no testing worth the name; and the makers have been given immunity from prosecution for any deaths or adverse effects suffered by the public. The UK government awarded permanent legal indemnity to itself and its employees for harm done when a patient is being treated for ‘Covid-19’ or ‘suspected Covid-19’. That is quite a thought when these are possible ‘side-effects’ from the ‘vaccine’ (they are not ‘side’, they are effects) listed by the US Food and Drug Administration: Guillain-Barre syndrome; acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; transverse myelitis; encephalitis; myelitis; encephalomyelitis; meningoencephalitis; meningitis; encephalopathy; convulsions; seizures; stroke; narcolepsy; cataplexy; anaphylaxis; acute myocardial infarction (heart a ack); myocarditis; pericarditis; autoimmune disease; death; implications for pregnancy, and birth outcomes; other acute demyelinating diseases; non anaphylactic allergy reactions; thrombocytopenia ; disseminated intravascular coagulation; venous thromboembolism; arthritis; arthralgia; joint pain; Kawasaki disease; multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; vaccine enhanced disease. The la er is the way the ‘vaccine’ has the potential to make diseases far worse than they would otherwise be.

UK doctor and freedom campaigner Vernon Coleman described the conditions in this list as ‘all unpleasant, most of them very serious, and you can’t get more serious than death’. The thought that anyone at all has had the ‘vaccine’ in these circumstances is testament to the potential that humanity has for clueless, unquestioning, stupidity and for many that programmed stupidity has already been terminal.

An insider speaks Dr Michael Yeadon is a former Vice President, head of research and Chief Scientific Adviser at vaccine giant Pfizer. Yeadon worked on the inside of Big Pharma, but that did not stop him becoming a vocal critic of ‘Covid vaccines’ and their potential for multiple harms, including infertility in women. By the spring of 2021 he went much further and even used the no, no, term ‘conspiracy’. When you begin to see what is going on it is impossible not to do so. Yeadon spoke out in an interview with freedom campaigner James Delingpole and I mentioned earlier how he said that no one had samples of ‘the virus’. He explained that the mRNA technique originated in the anticancer field and ways to turn on and off certain genes which could be advantageous if you wanted to stop cancer growing out of control. ‘That’s the origin of them. They are a very unusual application, really.’ Yeadon said that treating a cancer patient with an aggressive procedure might be understandable if the alternative was dying, but it was quite another thing to use the same technique as a public health measure. Most people involved wouldn’t catch the infectious agent you were vaccinating against and if they did they probably wouldn’t die: If you are really using it as a public health measure you really want to as close as you can get to zero sides-effects … I find it odd that they chose techniques that were really cutting their teeth in the field of oncology and I’m worried that in using gene-based vaccines that have to be injected in the body and spread around the body, get taken up into some cells, and the regulators haven’t quite told us which cells they get taken up into … you are going to be generating a wide range of responses … with multiple steps each of which could go well or badly.

I doubt the Cult intends it to go well. Yeadon said that you can put any gene you like into the body through the ‘vaccine’. ‘You can certainly give them a gene that would do them some harm if you wanted.’ I was intrigued when he said that when used in the cancer field the technique could turn genes on and off. I explore this process in The Answer and with different genes having different functions you could create mayhem – physically and psychologically – if you turned the wrong ones on and the right ones off. I read reports of an experiment by researchers at the University of Washington’s school of computer science and engineering in which they encoded DNA to infect computers. The body is itself a biological computer and if human DNA can inflict damage on a computer why can’t the computer via synthetic material mess with the human body? It can. The Washington research team said it was possible to insert malicious malware into ‘physical DNA strands’ and corrupt the computer system of a gene sequencing machine as it ‘reads gene le ers and stores them as binary digits 0 and 1’. They concluded that hackers could one day use blood or spit samples to access computer systems and obtain sensitive data from police forensics labs or infect genome files. It is at this level of digital interaction that synthetic ‘vaccines’ need to be seen to get the full picture and that will become very clear later on. Michael Yeadon said it made no sense to give the ‘vaccine’ to younger people who were in no danger from the ‘virus’. What was the benefit? It was all downside with potential effects: The fact that my government in what I thought was a civilised, rational country, is raining [the ‘vaccine’] on people in their 30s and 40s, even my children in their 20s, they’re getting letters and phone calls, I know this is not right and any of you doctors who are vaccinating you know it’s not right, too. They are not at risk. They are not at risk from the disease, so you are now hoping that the side-effects are so rare that you get away with it. You don’t give new technology … that you don’t understand to 100 percent of the population.

Blood clot problems with the AstraZeneca ‘vaccine’ have been affecting younger people to emphasise the downside risks with no benefit. AstraZeneca’s version, produced with Oxford University, does not use mRNA, but still gets its toxic cocktail inside cells where

it targets DNA. The Johnson & Johnson ‘vaccine’ which uses a similar technique has also produced blood clot effects to such an extent that the United States paused its use at one point. They are all ‘gene therapy’ (cell modification) procedures and not ‘vaccines’. The truth is that once the content of these injections enter cells we have no idea what the effect will be. People can speculate and some can give very educated opinions and that’s good. In the end, though, only the makers know what their potions are designed to do and even they won’t know every last consequence. Michael Yeadon was scathing about doctors doing what they knew to be wrong. ‘Everyone’s mute’, he said. Doctors in the NHS must know this was not right, coming into work and injecting people. ‘I don’t know how they sleep at night. I know I couldn’t do it. I know that if I were in that position I’d have to quit.’ He said he knew enough about toxicology to know this was not a good risk-benefit. Yeadon had spoken to seven or eight university professors and all except two would not speak out publicly. Their universities had a policy that no one said anything that countered the government and its medical advisors. They were afraid of losing their government grants. This is how intimidation has been used to silence the truth at every level of the system. I say silence, but these people could still speak out if they made that choice. Yeadon called them ‘moral cowards’ – ‘This is about your children and grandchildren’s lives and you have just buggered off and le it.’

‘Variant’ nonsense Some of his most powerful comments related to the alleged ‘variants’ being used to instil more fear, justify more lockdowns, and introduce more ‘vaccines’. He said government claims about ‘variants’ were nonsense. He had checked the alleged variant ‘codes’ and they were 99.7 percent identical to the ‘original’. This was the human identity difference equivalent to pu ing a baseball cap on and off or wearing it the other way round. A 0.3 percent difference would make it impossible for that ‘variant’ to escape immunity from the ‘original’. This made no sense of having new ‘vaccines’ for

‘variants’. He said there would have to be at least a 30 percent difference for that to be justified and even then he believed the immune system would still recognise what it was. Gates-funded ‘variant modeller’ and ‘vaccine’-pusher John Edmunds might care to comment. Yeadon said drug companies were making new versions of the ‘vaccine’ as a ‘top up’ for ‘variants’. Worse than that, he said, the ‘regulators’ around the world like the MHRA in the UK had got together and agreed that because ‘vaccines’ for ‘variants’ were so similar to the first ‘vaccines’ they did not have to do safety studies. How transparently sinister that is. This is when Yeadon said: ‘There is a conspiracy here.’ There was no need for another vaccine for ‘variants’ and yet we were told that there was and the country had shut its borders because of them. ‘They are going into hundreds of millions of arms without passing ‘go’ or any regulator. Why did they do that? Why did they pick this method of making the vaccine?’ The reason had to be something bigger than that it seemed and ‘it’s not protection against the virus’. It’s was a far bigger project that meant politicians and advisers were willing to do things and not do things that knowingly resulted in avoidable deaths – ‘that’s already happened when you think about lockdown and deprivation of health care for a year.’ He spoke of people prepared to do something that results in the avoidable death of their fellow human beings and it not bother them. This is the penny-drop I have been working to get across for more than 30 years – the level of pure evil we are dealing with. Yeadon said his friends and associates could not believe there could be that much evil, but he reminded them of Stalin, Pol Pot and Hitler and of what Stalin had said: ‘One death is a tragedy. A million? A statistic.’ He could not think of a benign explanation for why you need top-up vaccines ‘which I’m sure you don’t’ and for the regulators ‘to just get out of the way and wave them through’. Why would the regulators do that when they were still wrestling with the dangers of the ‘parent’ vaccine? He was clearly shocked by what he had seen since the ‘Covid’ hoax began and now he was thinking the previously unthinkable:

If you wanted to depopulate a significant proportion of the world and to do it in a way that doesn’t involve destruction of the environment with nuclear weapons, poisoning everyone with anthrax or something like that, and you wanted plausible deniability while you had a multi-year infectious disease crisis, I actually don’t think you could come up with a better plan of work than seems to be in front of me. I can’t say that’s what they are going to do, but I can’t think of a benign explanation why they are doing it.

He said he never thought that they would get rid of 99 percent of humans, but now he wondered. ‘If you wanted to that this would be a hell of a way to do it – it would be unstoppable folks.’ Yeadon had concluded that those who submi ed to the ‘vaccine’ would be allowed to have some kind of normal life (but for how long?) while screws were tightened to coerce and mandate the last few percent. ‘I think they’ll put the rest of them in a prison camp. I wish I was wrong, but I don’t think I am.’ Other points he made included: There were no coronavirus vaccines then suddenly they all come along at the same time; we have no idea of the long term affect with trials so short; coercing or forcing people to have medical procedures is against the Nuremberg Code instigated when the Nazis did just that; people should at least delay having the ‘vaccine’; a quick Internet search confirms that masks don’t reduce respiratory viral transmission and ‘the government knows that’; they have smashed civil society and they know that, too; two dozen peer-reviewed studies show no connection between lockdown and reducing deaths; he knew from personal friends the elite were still flying around and going on holiday while the public were locked down; the elite were not having the ‘vaccines’. He was also asked if ‘vaccines’ could be made to target difference races. He said he didn’t know, but the document by the Project for the New American Century in September, 2000, said developing ‘advanced forms of biological warfare that can target specific genotypes may transform biological warfare from the realm of terror to a politically useful tool.’ Oh, they’re evil all right. Of that we can be absolutely sure.

Another cull of old people

We have seen from the CDC definition that the mRNA ‘Covid vaccine’ is not a vaccine and nor are the others that claim to reduce ‘severity of symptoms’ in some people, but not protect from infection or transmission. What about all the lies about returning to ‘normal’ if people were ‘vaccinated’? If they are not claimed to stop infection and transmission of the alleged ‘virus’, how does anything change? This was all lies to manipulate people to take the jabs and we are seeing that now with masks and distancing still required for the ‘vaccinated’. How did they think that elderly people with fragile health and immune responses were going to be affected by infusing their cells with synthetic material and other toxic substances? They knew that in the short and long term it would be devastating and fatal as the culling of the old that began with the first lockdowns was continued with the ‘vaccine’. Death rates in care homes soared immediately residents began to be ‘vaccinated’ – infused with synthetic material. Brave and commi ed whistleblower nurses put their careers at risk by exposing this truth while the rest kept their heads down and their mouths shut to put their careers before those they are supposed to care for. A long-time American Certified Nursing Assistant who gave his name as James posted a video in which he described emotionally what happened in his care home when vaccination began. He said that during 2020 very few residents were sick with ‘Covid’ and no one died during the entire year; but shortly a er the Pfizer mRNA injections 14 people died within two weeks and many others were near death. ‘They’re dropping like flies’, he said. Residents who walked on their own before the shot could no longer and they had lost their ability to conduct an intelligent conversation. The home’s management said the sudden deaths were caused by a ‘super-spreader’ of ‘Covid-19’. Then how come, James asked, that residents who refused to take the injections were not sick? It was a case of inject the elderly with mRNA synthetic potions and blame their illness and death that followed on the ‘virus’. James described what was happening in care homes as ‘the greatest crime of genocide this country has ever seen’. Remember the NHS staff nurse from earlier who used the same

word ‘genocide’ for what was happening with the ‘vaccines’ and that it was an ‘act of human annihilation’. A UK care home whistleblower told a similar story to James about the effect of the ‘vaccine’ in deaths and ‘outbreaks’ of illness dubbed ‘Covid’ a er ge ing the jab. She told how her care home management and staff had zealously imposed government regulations and no one was allowed to even question the official narrative let alone speak out against it. She said the NHS was even worse. Again we see the results of reframing. A worker at a local care home where I live said they had not had a single case of ‘Covid’ there for almost a year and when the residents were ‘vaccinated’ they had 19 positive cases in two weeks with eight dying.

It’s not the ‘vaccine’ – honest The obvious cause and effect was being ignored by the media and most of the public. Australia’s health minister Greg Hunt (a former head of strategy at the World Economic Forum) was admi ed to hospital a er he had the ‘vaccine’. He was suffering according to reports from the skin infection ‘cellulitis’ and it must have been a severe case to have warranted days in hospital. Immediately the authorities said this was nothing to do with the ‘vaccine’ when an effect of some vaccines is a ‘cellulitis-like reaction’. We had families of perfectly healthy old people who died a er the ‘vaccine’ saying that if only they had been given the ‘vaccine’ earlier they would still be alive. As a numbskull rating that is off the chart. A father of four ‘died of Covid’ at aged 48 when he was taken ill two days a er having the ‘vaccine’. The man, a health administrator, had been ‘shielding during the pandemic’ and had ‘not really le the house’ until he went for the ‘vaccine’. Having the ‘vaccine’ and then falling ill and dying does not seem to have qualified as a possible cause and effect and ‘Covid-19’ went on his death certificate. His family said they had no idea how he ‘caught the virus’. A family member said: ‘Tragically, it could be that going for a vaccination ultimately led to him catching Covid …The sad truth is that they are never going to know where it came from.’ The family warned people to remember

that the virus still existed and was ‘very real’. So was their stupidity. Nurses and doctors who had the first round of the ‘vaccine’ were collapsing, dying and ending up in a hospital bed while they or their grieving relatives were saying they’d still have the ‘vaccine’ again despite what happened. I kid you not. You mean if your husband returned from the dead he’d have the same ‘vaccine’ again that killed him?? Doctors at the VCU Medical Center in Richmond, Virginia, said the Johnson & Johnson ‘vaccine’ was to blame for a man’s skin peeling off. Patient Richard Terrell said: ‘It all just happened so fast. My skin peeled off. It’s still coming off on my hands now.’ He said it was stinging, burning and itching and when he bent his arms and legs it was very painful with ‘the skin swollen and rubbing against itself’. Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines use mRNA to change the cell while the Johnson & Johnson version uses DNA in a process similar to AstraZeneca’s technique. Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca have both had their ‘vaccines’ paused by many countries a er causing serious blood problems. Terrell’s doctor Fnu Nutan said he could have died if he hadn’t got medical a ention. It sounds terrible so what did Nutan and Terrell say about the ‘vaccine’ now? Oh, they still recommend that people have it. A nurse in a hospital bed 40 minutes a er the vaccination and unable to swallow due to throat swelling was told by a doctor that he lost mobility in his arm for 36 hours following the vaccination. What did he say to the ailing nurse? ‘Good for you for ge ing the vaccination.’ We are dealing with a serious form of cognitive dissonance madness in both public and medical staff. There is a remarkable correlation between those having the ‘vaccine’ and trumpeting the fact and suffering bad happenings shortly a erwards. Witold Rogiewicz, a Polish doctor, made a video of his ‘vaccination’ and ridiculed those who were questioning its safety and the intentions of Bill Gates: ‘Vaccinate yourself to protect yourself, your loved ones, friends and also patients. And to mention quickly I have info for anti-vaxxers and anti-Coviders if you want to contact Bill Gates you can do this through me.’ He further ridiculed the dangers of 5G. Days later he

was dead, but naturally the vaccination wasn’t mentioned in the verdict of ‘heart a ack’.

Lies, lies and more lies So many members of the human race have slipped into extreme states of insanity and unfortunately they include reframed doctors and nursing staff. Having a ‘vaccine’ and dying within minutes or hours is not considered a valid connection while death from any cause within 28 days or longer of a positive test with a test not testing for the ‘virus’ means ‘Covid-19’ goes on the death certificate. How could that ‘vaccine’-death connection not have been made except by calculated deceit? US figures in the initial rollout period to February 12th, 2020, revealed that a third of the deaths reported to the CDC a er ‘Covid vaccines’ happened within 48 hours. Five men in the UK suffered an ‘extremely rare’ blood clot problem a er having the AstraZeneca ‘vaccine’, but no causal link was established said the Gates-funded Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) which had given the ‘vaccine’ emergency approval to be used. Former Pfizer executive Dr Michael Yeadon explained in his interview how the procedures could cause blood coagulation and clots. People who should have been at no risk were dying from blood clots in the brain and he said he had heard from medical doctor friends that people were suffering from skin bleeding and massive headaches. The AstraZeneca ‘shot’ was stopped by some 20 countries over the blood clo ing issue and still the corrupt MHRA, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the World Health Organization said that it should continue to be given even though the EMA admi ed that it ‘still cannot rule out definitively’ a link between blood clo ing and the ‘vaccine’. Later Marco Cavaleri, head of EMA vaccine strategy, said there was indeed a clear link between the ‘vaccine’ and thrombosis, but they didn’t know why. So much for the trials showing the ‘vaccine’ is safe. Blood clots were affecting younger people who would be under virtually no danger from ‘Covid’ even if it existed which makes it all the more stupid and sinister.

The British government responded to public alarm by wheeling out June Raine, the terrifyingly weak infant school headmistress sound-alike who heads the UK MHRA drug ‘regulator’. The idea that she would stand up to Big Pharma and government pressure is laughable and she told us that all was well in the same way that she did when allowing untested, never-used-on-humans-before, genetically-manipulating ‘vaccines’ to be exposed to the public in the first place. Mass lying is the new normal of the ‘Covid’ era. The MHRA later said 30 cases of rare blood clots had by then been connected with the AstraZeneca ‘vaccine’ (that means a lot more in reality) while stressing that the benefits of the jab in preventing ‘Covid-19’ outweighed any risks. A more ridiculous and disingenuous statement with callous disregard for human health it is hard to contemplate. Immediately a er the mendacious ‘all-clears’ two hospital workers in Denmark experienced blood clots and cerebral haemorrhaging following the AstraZeneca jab and one died. Top Norwegian health official Pål Andre Holme said the ‘vaccine’ was the only common factor: ‘There is nothing in the patient history of these individuals that can give such a powerful immune response … I am confident that the antibodies that we have found are the cause, and I see no other explanation than it being the vaccine which triggers it.’ Strokes, a clot or bleed in the brain, were clearly associated with the ‘vaccine’ from word of mouth and whistleblower reports. Similar consequences followed with all these ‘vaccines’ that we were told were so safe and as the numbers grew by the day it was clear we were witnessing human carnage.

Learning the hard way A woman interviewed by UKColumn told how her husband suffered dramatic health effects a er the vaccine when he’d been in good health all his life. He went from being a li le unwell to losing all feeling in his legs and experiencing ‘excruciating pain’. Misdiagnosis followed twice at Accident and Emergency (an ‘allergy’ and ‘sciatica’) before he was admi ed to a neurology ward where doctors said his serious condition had been caused by the

‘vaccine’. Another seven ‘vaccinated’ people were apparently being treated on the same ward for similar symptoms. The woman said he had the ‘vaccine’ because they believed media claims that it was safe. ‘I didn’t think the government would give out a vaccine that does this to somebody; I believed they would be bringing out a vaccination that would be safe.’ What a tragic way to learn that lesson. Another woman posted that her husband was transporting stroke patients to hospital on almost every shi and when he asked them if they had been ‘vaccinated’ for ‘Covid’ they all replied ‘yes’. One had a ‘massive brain bleed’ the day a er his second dose. She said her husband reported the ‘just been vaccinated’ information every time to doctors in A and E only for them to ignore it, make no notes and appear annoyed that it was even mentioned. This particular report cannot be verified, but it expresses a common theme that confirms the monumental underreporting of ‘vaccine’ consequences. Interestingly as the ‘vaccines’ and their brain blood clot/stroke consequences began to emerge the UK National Health Service began a publicity campaign telling the public what to do in the event of a stroke. A Sco ish NHS staff nurse who quit in disgust in March, 2021, said: I have seen traumatic injuries from the vaccine, they’re not getting reported to the yellow card [adverse reaction] scheme, they’re treating the symptoms, not asking why, why it’s happening. It’s just treating the symptoms and when you speak about it you’re dismissed like you’re crazy, I’m not crazy, I’m not crazy because every other colleague I’ve spoken to is terrified to speak out, they’ve had enough.

Videos appeared on the Internet of people uncontrollably shaking a er the ‘vaccine’ with no control over muscles, limbs and even their face. A Sco ish mother broke out in a severe rash all over her body almost immediately a er she was given the AstraZeneca ‘vaccine’. The pictures were horrific. Leigh King, a 41-year-old hairdresser from Lanarkshire said: ‘Never in my life was I prepared for what I was about to experience … My skin was so sore and constantly hot … I have never felt pain like this …’ But don’t you worry, the ‘vaccine’ is perfectly safe. Then there has been the effect on medical

staff who have been pressured to have the ‘vaccine’ by psychopathic ‘health’ authorities and government. A London hospital consultant who gave the name K. Polyakova wrote this to the British Medical Journal or BMJ: I am currently struggling with … the failure to report the reality of the morbidity caused by our current vaccination program within the health service and staff population. The levels of sickness after vaccination is unprecedented and staff are getting very sick and some with neurological symptoms which is having a huge impact on the health service function. Even the young and healthy are off for days, some for weeks, and some requiring medical treatment. Whole teams are being taken out as they went to get vaccinated together. Mandatory vaccination in this instance is stupid, unethical and irresponsible when it comes to protecting our staff and public health. We are in the voluntary phase of vaccination, and encouraging staff to take an unlicensed product that is impacting on their immediate health … it is clearly stated that these vaccine products do not offer immunity or stop transmission. In which case why are we doing it?

Not to protect health that’s for sure. Medical workers are lauded by governments for agenda reasons when they couldn’t give a toss about them any more than they can for the population in general. Schools across America faced the same situation as they closed due to the high number of teachers and other staff with bad reactions to the Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson ‘Covid vaccines’ all of which were linked to death and serious adverse effects. The BMJ took down the consultant’s comments pre y quickly on the grounds that they were being used to spread ‘disinformation’. They were exposing the truth about the ‘vaccine’ was the real reason. The cover-up is breathtaking.

Hiding the evidence The scale of the ‘vaccine’ death cover-up worldwide can be confirmed by comparing official figures with the personal experience of the public. I heard of many people in my community who died immediately or soon a er the vaccine that would never appear in the media or even likely on the official totals of ‘vaccine’ fatalities and adverse reactions when only about ten percent are estimated to be

reported and I have seen some estimates as low as one percent in a Harvard study. In the UK alone by April 29th, 2021, some 757,654 adverse reactions had been officially reported from the Pfizer/BioNTech, Oxford/AstraZeneca and Moderna ‘vaccines’ with more than a thousand deaths linked to jabs and that means an estimated ten times this number in reality from a ten percent reporting rate percentage. That’s seven million adverse reactions and 10,000 potential deaths and a one percent reporting rate would be ten times those figures. In 1976 the US government pulled the swine flu vaccine a er 53 deaths. The UK data included a combined 10,000 eye disorders from the ‘Covid vaccines’ with more than 750 suffering visual impairment or blindness and again multiply by the estimated reporting percentages. As ‘Covid cases’ officially fell hospitals virtually empty during the ‘Covid crisis’ began to fill up with a range of other problems in the wake of the ‘vaccine’ rollout. The numbers across America have also been catastrophic. Deaths linked to all types of vaccine increased by 6,000 percent in the first quarter of 2021 compared with 2020. A 39-year-old woman from Ogden, Utah, died four days a er receiving a second dose of Moderna’s ‘Covid vaccine’ when her liver, heart and kidneys all failed despite the fact that she had no known medical issues or conditions. Her family sought an autopsy, but Dr Erik Christensen, Utah’s chief medical examiner, said proving vaccine injury as a cause of death almost never happened. He could think of only one instance where an autopsy would name a vaccine as the official cause of death and that would be anaphylaxis where someone received a vaccine and died almost instantaneously. ‘Short of that, it would be difficult for us to definitively say this is the vaccine,’ Christensen said. If that is true this must be added to the estimated ten percent (or far less) reporting rate of vaccine deaths and serious reactions and the conclusion can only be that vaccine deaths and serious reactions – including these ‘Covid’ potions’ – are phenomenally understated in official figures. The same story can be found everywhere. Endless accounts of deaths and serious reactions among the public, medical

and care home staff while official figures did not even begin to reflect this. Professional script-reader Dr David Williams, a ‘top public-health official’ in Ontario, Canada, insulted our intelligence by claiming only four serious adverse reactions and no deaths from the more than 380,000 vaccine doses then given. This bore no resemblance to what people knew had happened in their owns circles and we had Dirk Huyer in charge of ge ing millions vaccinated in Ontario while at the same time he was Chief Coroner for the province investigating causes of death including possible death from the vaccine. An aide said he had stepped back from investigating deaths, but evidence indicated otherwise. Rosemary Frei, who secured a Master of Science degree in molecular biology at the Faculty of Medicine at Canada’s University of Calgary before turning to investigative journalism, was one who could see that official figures for ‘vaccine’ deaths and reactions made no sense. She said that doctors seldom reported adverse events and when people got really sick or died a er ge ing a vaccination they would a ribute that to anything except the vaccines. It had been that way for years and anyone who wondered aloud whether the ‘Covid vaccines’ or other shots cause harm is immediately branded as ‘anti-vax’ and ‘anti-science’. This was ‘career-threatening’ for health professionals. Then there was the huge pressure to support the push to ‘vaccinate’ billions in the quickest time possible. Frei said: So that’s where we’re at today. More than half a million vaccine doses have been given to people in Ontario alone. The rush is on to vaccinate all 15 million of us in the province by September. And the mainstream media are screaming for this to be sped up even more. That all adds up to only a very slim likelihood that we’re going to be told the truth by officials about how many people are getting sick or dying from the vaccines.

What is true of Ontario is true of everywhere.

They KNEW – and still did it The authorities knew what was going to happen with multiple deaths and adverse reactions. The UK government’s Gates-funded

and Big Pharma-dominated Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) hired a company to employ AI in compiling the projected reactions to the ‘vaccine’ that would otherwise be uncountable. The request for applications said: ‘The MHRA urgently seeks an Artificial Intelligence (AI) so ware tool to process the expected high volume of Covid-19 vaccine Adverse Drug Reaction …’ This was from the agency, headed by the disingenuous June Raine, that gave the ‘vaccines’ emergency approval and the company was hired before the first shot was given. ‘We are going to kill and maim you – is that okay?’ ‘Oh, yes, perfectly fine – I’m very grateful, thank you, doctor.’ The range of ‘Covid vaccine’ adverse reactions goes on for page a er page in the MHRA criminally underreported ‘Yellow Card’ system and includes affects to eyes, ears, skin, digestion, blood and so on. Raine’s MHRA amazingly claimed that the ‘overall safety experience … is so far as expected from the clinical trials’. The death, serious adverse effects, deafness and blindness were expected? When did they ever mention that? If these human tragedies were expected then those that gave approval for the use of these ‘vaccines’ must be guilty of crimes against humanity including murder – a definition of which is ‘killing a person with malice aforethought or with recklessness manifesting extreme indifference to the value of human life.’ People involved at the MHRA, the CDC in America and their equivalent around the world must go before Nuremberg trials to answer for their callous inhumanity. We are only talking here about the immediate effects of the ‘vaccine’. The longer-term impact of the DNA synthetic manipulation is the main reason they are so hysterically desperate to inoculate the entire global population in the shortest possible time. Africa and the developing world are a major focus for the ‘vaccine’ depopulation agenda and a mass vaccination sales-pitch is underway thanks to caring people like the Rockefellers and other Cult assets. The Rockefeller Foundation, which pre-empted the ‘Covid pandemic’ in a document published in 2010 that ‘predicted’ what happened a decade later, announced an initial $34.95 million grant in February, 2021, ‘to ensure more equitable access to Covid-19

testing and vaccines’ among other things in Africa in collaboration with ‘24 organizations, businesses, and government agencies’. The pan-Africa initiative would focus on 10 countries: Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia’. Rajiv Shah, President of the Rockefeller Foundation and former administrator of CIA-controlled USAID, said that if Africa was not mass-vaccinated (to change the DNA of its people) it was a ‘threat to all of humanity’ and not fair on Africans. When someone from the Rockefeller Foundation says they want to do something to help poor and deprived people and countries it is time for a belly-laugh. They are doing this out of the goodness of their ‘heart’ because ‘vaccinating’ the entire global population is what the ‘Covid’ hoax set out to achieve. Official ‘decolonisation’ of Africa by the Cult was merely a prelude to financial colonisation on the road to a return to physical colonisation. The ‘vaccine’ is vital to that and the sudden and convenient death of the ‘Covid’ sceptic president of Tanzania can be seen in its true light. A lot of people in Africa are aware that this is another form of colonisation and exploitation and they need to stand their ground.

The ‘vaccine is working’ scam A potential problem for the Cult was that the ‘vaccine’ is meant to change human DNA and body messaging and not to protect anyone from a ‘virus’ never shown to exist. The vaccine couldn’t work because it was not designed to work and how could they make it appear to be working so that more people would have it? This was overcome by lowering the amplification rate of the PCR test to produce fewer ‘cases’ and therefore fewer ‘deaths’. Some of us had been pointing out since March, 2020, that the amplification rate of the test not testing for the ‘virus’ had been made artificially high to generate positive tests which they could call ‘cases’ to justify lockdowns. The World Health Organization recommended an absurdly high 45 amplification cycles to ensure the high positives required by the Cult and then remained silent on the issue until January 20th, 2021 – Biden’s Inauguration Day. This was when the

‘vaccinations’ were seriously underway and on that day the WHO recommended a er discussions with America’s CDC that laboratories lowered their testing amplification. Dr David Samadi, a certified urologist and health writer, said the WHO was encouraging all labs to reduce their cycle count for PCR tests. He said the current cycle was much too high and was ‘resulting in any particle being declared a positive case’. Even one mainstream news report I saw said this meant the number of ‘Covid’ infections may have been ‘dramatically inflated’. Oh, just a li le bit. The CDC in America issued new guidance to laboratories in April, 2021, to use 28 cycles but only for ‘vaccinated’ people. The timing of the CDC/WHO interventions were cynically designed to make it appear the ‘vaccines’ were responsible for falling cases and deaths when the real reason can be seen in the following examples. New York’s state lab, the Wadsworth Center, identified 872 positive tests in July, 2020, based on a threshold of 40 cycles. When the figure was lowered to 35 cycles 43 percent of the 872 were no longer ‘positives’. At 30 cycles the figure was 63 percent. A Massachuse s lab found that between 85 to 90 percent of people who tested positive in July with a cycle threshold of 40 would be negative at 30 cycles, Ashish Jha, MD, director of the Harvard Global Health Institute, said: ‘I’m really shocked that it could be that high … Boy, does it really change the way we need to be thinking about testing.’ I’m shocked that I could see the obvious in the spring of 2020, with no medical background, and most medical professionals still haven’t worked it out. No, that’s not shocking – it’s terrifying. Three weeks a er the WHO directive to lower PCR cycles the London Daily Mail ran this headline: ‘Why ARE Covid cases plummeting? New infections have fallen 45% in the US and 30% globally in the past 3 weeks but experts say vaccine is NOT the main driver because only 8% of Americans and 13% of people worldwide have received their first dose.’ They acknowledged that the drop could not be a ributed to the ‘vaccine’, but soon this morphed throughout the media into the ‘vaccine’ has caused cases and deaths to fall when it was the PCR threshold. In December, 2020, there was

chaos at English Channel ports with truck drivers needing negative ‘Covid’ tests before they could board a ferry home for Christmas. The government wanted to remove the backlog as fast as possible and they brought in troops to do the ‘testing’. Out of 1,600 drivers just 36 tested positive and the rest were given the all clear to cross the Channel. I guess the authorities thought that 36 was the least they could get away with without the unquestioning catching on. The amplification trick which most people believed in the absence of information in the mainstream applied more pressure on those refusing the ‘vaccine’ to succumb when it ‘obviously worked’. The truth was the exact opposite with deaths in care homes soaring with the ‘vaccine’ and in Israel the term used was ‘skyrocket’. A reanalysis of published data from the Israeli Health Ministry led by Dr Hervé Seligmann at the Medicine Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases at Aix-Marseille University found that Pfizer’s ‘Covid vaccine’ killed ‘about 40 times more [elderly] people than the disease itself would have killed’ during a five-week vaccination period and 260 times more younger people than would have died from the ‘virus’ even according to the manipulated ‘virus’ figures. Dr Seligmann and his co-study author, Haim Yativ, declared a er reviewing the Israeli ‘vaccine’ death data: ‘This is a new Holocaust.’ Then, in mid-April, 2021, a er vast numbers of people worldwide had been ‘vaccinated’, the story changed with clear coordination. The UK government began to prepare the ground for more future lockdowns when Nuremberg-destined Boris Johnson told yet another whopper. He said that cases had fallen because of lockdowns not ‘vaccines’. Lockdowns are irrelevant when there is no ‘virus’ and the test and fraudulent death certificates are deciding the number of ‘cases’ and ‘deaths’. Study a er study has shown that lockdowns don’t work and instead kill and psychologically destroy people. Meanwhile in the United States Anthony Fauci and Rochelle Walensky, the ultra-Zionist head of the CDC, peddled the same line. More lockdown was the answer and not the ‘vaccine’, a line repeated on cue by the moron that is Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. Why all the hysteria to get everyone ‘vaccinated’ if lockdowns and

not ‘vaccines’ made the difference? None of it makes sense on the face of it. Oh, but it does. The Cult wants lockdowns and the ‘vaccine’ and if the ‘vaccine’ is allowed to be seen as the total answer lockdowns would no longer be justified when there are still livelihoods to destroy. ‘Variants’ and renewed upward manipulation of PCR amplification are planned to instigate never-ending lockdown and more ‘vaccines’.

You

must

have it – we’re desperate

Israel, where the Jewish and Arab population are ruled by the Sabbatian Cult, was the front-runner in imposing the DNAmanipulating ‘vaccine’ on its people to such an extent that Jewish refusers began to liken what was happening to the early years of Nazi Germany. This would seem to be a fantastic claim. Why would a government of Jewish people be acting like the Nazis did? If you realise that the Sabbatian Cult was behind the Nazis and that Sabbatians hate Jews the pieces start to fit and the question of why a ‘Jewish’ government would treat Jews with such callous disregard for their lives and freedom finds an answer. Those controlling the government of Israel aren’t Jewish – they’re Sabbatian. Israeli lawyer Tamir Turgal was one who made the Nazi comparison in comments to German lawyer Reiner Fuellmich who is leading a class action lawsuit against the psychopaths for crimes against humanity. Turgal described how the Israeli government was vaccinating children and pregnant women on the basis that there was no evidence that this was dangerous when they had no evidence that it wasn’t dangerous either. They just had no evidence. This was medical experimentation and Turgal said this breached the Nuremberg Code about medical experimentation and procedures requiring informed consent and choice. Think about that. A Nuremberg Code developed because of Nazi experimentation on Jews and others in concentration camps by people like the evil-beyond-belief Josef Mengele is being breached by the Israeli government; but when you know that it’s a Sabbatian government along with its intelligence and military agencies like Mossad, Shin Bet and the Israeli Defense Forces, and that Sabbatians

were the force behind the Nazis, the kaleidoscope comes into focus. What have we come to when Israeli Jews are suing their government for violating the Nuremberg Code by essentially making Israelis subject to a medical experiment using the controversial ‘vaccines’? It’s a shocker that this has to be done in the light of what happened in Nazi Germany. The Anshe Ha-Emet, or ‘People of the Truth’, made up of Israeli doctors, lawyers, campaigners and public, have launched a lawsuit with the International Criminal Court. It says: When the heads of the Ministry of Health as well as the prime minister presented the vaccine in Israel and began the vaccination of Israeli residents, the vaccinated were not advised, that, in practice, they are taking part in a medical experiment and that their consent is required for this under the Nuremberg Code.

The irony is unbelievable, but easily explained in one word: Sabbatians. The foundation of Israeli ‘Covid’ apartheid is the ‘green pass’ or ‘green passport’ which allows Jews and Arabs who have had the DNA-manipulating ‘vaccine’ to go about their lives – to work, fly, travel in general, go to shopping malls, bars, restaurants, hotels, concerts, gyms, swimming pools, theatres and sports venues, while non-’vaccinated’ are banned from all those places and activities. Israelis have likened the ‘green pass’ to the yellow stars that Jews in Nazi Germany were forced to wear – the same as the yellow stickers that a branch of UK supermarket chain Morrisons told exempt mask-wears they had to display when shopping. How very sensitive. The Israeli system is blatant South African-style apartheid on the basis of compliance or non-compliance to fascism rather than colour of the skin. How appropriate that the Sabbatian Israeli government was so close to the pre-Mandela apartheid regime in Pretoria. The Sabbatian-instigated ‘vaccine passport’ in Israel is planned for everywhere. Sabbatians struck a deal with Pfizer that allowed them to lead the way in the percentage of a national population infused with synthetic material and the result was catastrophic. Israeli freedom activist Shai Dannon told me how chairs were appearing on beaches that said ‘vaccinated only’. Health Minister Yuli Edelstein said that anyone unwilling or unable to get

the jabs that ‘confer immunity’ will be ‘le behind’. The man’s a liar. Not even the makers claim the ‘vaccines’ confer immunity. When you see those figures of ‘vaccine’ deaths these psychopaths were saying that you must take the chance the ‘vaccine’ will kill you or maim you while knowing it will change your DNA or lockdown for you will be permanent. That’s fascism. The Israeli parliament passed a law to allow personal information of the non-vaccinated to be shared with local and national authorities for three months. This was claimed by its supporters to be a way to ‘encourage’ people to be vaccinated. Hadas Ziv from Physicians for Human Rights described this as a ‘draconian law which crushed medical ethics and the patient rights’. But that’s the idea, the Sabbatians would reply.

Your papers, please Sabbatian Israel was leading what has been planned all along to be a global ‘vaccine pass’ called a ‘green passport’ without which you would remain in permanent lockdown restriction and unable to do anything. This is how badly – desperately – the Cult is to get everyone ‘vaccinated’. The term and colour ‘green’ was not by chance and related to the psychology of fusing the perception of the green climate hoax with the ‘Covid’ hoax and how the ‘solution’ to both is the same Great Reset. Lying politicians, health officials and psychologists denied there were any plans for mandatory vaccinations or restrictions based on vaccinations, but they knew that was exactly what was meant to happen with governments of all countries reaching agreements to enforce a global system. ‘Free’ Denmark and ‘free’ Sweden unveiled digital vaccine certification. Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, and Spain have all commi ed to a vaccine passport system and the rest including the whole of the EU would follow. The satanic UK government will certainly go this way despite mendacious denials and at the time of writing it is trying to manipulate the public into having the ‘vaccine’ so they could go abroad on a summer holiday. How would that work without something to prove you had the synthetic toxicity injected into you?

Documents show that the EU’s European Commission was moving towards ‘vaccine certificates’ in 2018 and 2019 before the ‘Covid’ hoax began. They knew what was coming. Abracadabra – Ursula von der Leyen, the German President of the Commission, announced in March, 2021, an EU ‘Digital Green Certificate’ – green again – to track the public’s ‘Covid status’. The passport sting is worldwide and the Far East followed the same pa ern with South Korea ruling that only those with ‘vaccination’ passports – again the green pass – would be able to ‘return to their daily lives’. Bill Gates has been preparing for this ‘passport’ with other Cult operatives for years and beyond the paper version is a Gates-funded ‘digital ta oo’ to identify who has been vaccinated and who hasn’t. The ‘ta oo’ is reported to include a substance which is externally readable to confirm who has been vaccinated. This is a bio-luminous light-generating enzyme (think fireflies) called … Luciferase. Yes, named a er the Cult ‘god’ Lucifer the ‘light bringer’ of whom more to come. Gates said he funded the readable ta oo to ensure children in the developing world were vaccinated and no one was missed out. He cares so much about poor kids as we know. This was just the cover story to develop a vaccine tagging system for everyone on the planet. Gates has been funding the ID2020 ‘alliance’ to do just that in league with other lovely people at Microso , GAVI, the Rockefeller Foundation, Accenture and IDEO.org. He said in interviews in March, 2020, before any ‘vaccine’ publicly existed, that the world must have a globalised digital certificate to track the ‘virus’ and who had been vaccinated. Gates knew from the start that the mRNA vaccines were coming and when they would come and that the plan was to tag the ‘vaccinated’ to marginalise the intelligent and stop them doing anything including travel. Evil just doesn’t suffice. Gates was exposed for offering a $10 million bribe to the Nigerian House of Representatives to invoke compulsory ‘Covid’ vaccination of all Nigerians. Sara Cunial, a member of the Italian Parliament, called Gates a ‘vaccine criminal’. She urged the Italian President to hand him over to the International Criminal Court for crimes against

humanity and condemned his plans to ‘chip the human race’ through ID2020. You know it’s a long-planned agenda when war criminal and Cult gofer Tony Blair is on the case. With the scale of arrogance only someone as dark as Blair can muster he said: ‘Vaccination in the end is going to be your route to liberty.’ Blair is a disgusting piece of work and he confirms that again. The media has given a lot of coverage to a bloke called Charlie Mullins, founder of London’s biggest independent plumbing company, Pimlico Plumbers, who has said he won’t employ anyone who has not been vaccinated or have them go to any home where people are not vaccinated. He said that if he had his way no one would be allowed to walk the streets if they have not been vaccinated. Gates was cheering at the time while I was alerting the white coats. The plan is that people will qualify for ‘passports’ for having the first two doses and then to keep it they will have to have all the follow ups and new ones for invented ‘variants’ until human genetics is transformed and many are dead who can’t adjust to the changes. Hollywood celebrities – the usual propaganda stunt – are promoting something called the WELL Health-Safety Rating to verify that a building or space has ‘taken the necessary steps to prioritize the health and safety of their staff, visitors and other stakeholders’. They included Lady Gaga, Jennifer Lopez, Michael B. Jordan, Robert DeNiro, Venus Williams, Wolfgang Puck, Deepak Chopra and 17th Surgeon General Richard Carmona. Yawn. WELL Health-Safety has big connections with China. Parent company Delos is headed by former Goldman Sachs partner Paul Scialla. This is another example – and we will see so many others – of using the excuse of ‘health’ to dictate the lives and activities of the population. I guess one confirmation of the ‘safety’ of buildings is that only ‘vaccinated’ people can go in, right?

Electronic concentration camps I wrote decades ago about the plans to restrict travel and here we are for those who refuse to bow to tyranny. This can be achieved in one go with air travel if the aviation industry makes a blanket decree.

The ‘vaccine’ and guaranteed income are designed to be part of a global version of China’s social credit system which tracks behaviour 24/7 and awards or deletes ‘credits’ based on whether your behaviour is supported by the state or not. I mean your entire lifestyle – what you do, eat, say, everything. Once your credit score falls below a certain level consequences kick in. In China tens of millions have been denied travel by air and train because of this. All the locations and activities denied to refusers by the ‘vaccine’ passports will be included in one big mass ban on doing almost anything for those that don’t bow their head to government. It’s beyond fascist and a new term is required to describe its extremes – I guess fascist technocracy will have to do. The way the Chinese system of technological – technocratic – control is sweeping the West can be seen in the Los Angeles school system and is planned to be expanded worldwide. Every child is required to have a ‘Covid’tracking app scanned daily before they can enter the classroom. The so-called Daily Pass tracking system is produced by Gates’ Microso which I’m sure will shock you rigid. The pass will be scanned using a barcode (one step from an inside-the-body barcode) and the information will include health checks, ‘Covid’ tests and vaccinations. Entry codes are for one specific building only and access will only be allowed if a student or teacher has a negative test with a test not testing for the ‘virus’, has no symptoms of anything alleged to be related to ‘Covid’ (symptoms from a range of other illness), and has a temperature under 100 degrees. No barcode, no entry, is planned to be the case for everywhere and not only schools. Kids are being psychologically prepared to accept this as ‘normal’ their whole life which is why what they can impose in schools is so important to the Cult and its gofers. Long-time American freedom campaigner John Whitehead of the Rutherford Institute was not exaggerating when he said: ‘Databit by databit, we are building our own electronic concentration camps.’ Canada under its Cult gofer prime minister Justin Trudeau has taken a major step towards the real thing with people interned against their will if they test positive with a test not testing for the ‘virus’ when they arrive at a Canadian

airport. They are jailed in internment hotels o en without food or water for long periods and with many doors failing to lock there have been sexual assaults. The interned are being charged sometimes $2,000 for the privilege of being abused in this way. Trudeau is fully on board with the Cult and says the ‘Covid pandemic’ has provided an opportunity for a global ‘reset’ to permanently change Western civilisation. His number two, Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland, is a trustee of the World Economic Forum and a Rhodes Scholar. The Trudeau family have long been servants of the Cult. See The Biggest Secret and Cathy O’Brien’s book Trance-Formation of America for the horrific background to Trudeau’s father Pierre Trudeau another Canadian prime minister. Hide your fascism behind the façade of a heart-on-the-sleeve liberal. It’s a wellhoned Cult technique.

What can the ‘vaccine’

really

do?

We have a ‘virus’ never shown to exist and ‘variants’ of the ‘virus’ that have also never been shown to exist except, like the ‘original’, as computer-generated fictions. Even if you believe there’s a ‘virus’ the ‘case’ to ‘death’ rate is in the region of 0.23 to 0.15 percent and those ‘deaths’ are concentrated among the very old around the same average age that people die anyway. In response to this lack of threat (in truth none) psychopaths and idiots, knowingly and unknowingly answering to Gates and the Cult, are seeking to ‘vaccinate’ every man, woman and child on Planet Earth. Clearly the ‘vaccine’ is not about ‘Covid’ – none of this ever has been. So what is it all about really? Why the desperation to infuse genetically-manipulating synthetic material into everyone through mRNA fraudulent ‘vaccines’ with the intent of doing this over and over with the excuses of ‘variants’ and other ‘virus’ inventions? Dr Sherri Tenpenny, an osteopathic medical doctor in the United States, has made herself an expert on vaccines and their effects as a vehement campaigner against their use. Tenpenny was board certified in emergency medicine, the director of a level two trauma centre for 12 years, and moved to Cleveland in 1996 to start an integrative

medicine practice which has treated patients from all 50 states and some 17 other countries. Weaning people off pharmaceutical drugs is a speciality. She became interested in the consequences of vaccines a er a ending a meeting at the National Vaccine Information Center in Washington DC in 2000 where she ‘sat through four days of listening to medical doctors and scientists and lawyers and parents of vaccine injured kids’ and asked: ‘What’s going on?’ She had never been vaccinated and never got ill while her father was given a list of vaccines to be in the military and was ‘sick his entire life’. The experience added to her questions and she began to examine vaccine documents from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). A er reading the first one, the 1998 version of The General Recommendations of Vaccination, she thought: ‘This is it?’ The document was poorly wri en and bad science and Tenpenny began 20 years of research into vaccines that continues to this day. She began her research into ‘Covid vaccines’ in March, 2020, and she describes them as ‘deadly’. For many, as we have seen, they already have been. Tenpenny said that in the first 30 days of the ‘vaccine’ rollout in the United States there had been more than 40,000 adverse events reported to the vaccine adverse event database. A document had been delivered to her the day before that was 172 pages long. ‘We have over 40,000 adverse events; we have over 3,100 cases of [potentially deadly] anaphylactic shock; we have over 5,000 neurological reactions.’ Effects ranged from headaches to numbness, dizziness and vertigo, to losing feeling in hands or feet and paraesthesia which is when limbs ‘fall asleep’ and people have the sensation of insects crawling underneath their skin. All this happened in the first 30 days and remember that only about ten percent (or far less) of adverse reactions and vaccine-related deaths are estimated to be officially reported. Tenpenny said: So can you think of one single product in any industry, any industry, for as long as products have been made on the planet that within 30 days we have 40,000 people complaining of side effects that not only is still on the market but … we’ve got paid actors telling us how great

they are for getting their vaccine. We’re offering people $500 if they will just get their vaccine and we’ve got nurses and doctors going; ‘I got the vaccine, I got the vaccine’.

Tenpenny said they were not going to be ‘happy dancing folks’ when they began to suffer Bell’s palsy (facial paralysis), neuropathies, cardiac arrhythmias and autoimmune reactions that kill through a blood disorder. ‘They’re not going to be so happy, happy then, but we’re never going to see pictures of those people’ she said. Tenpenny described the ‘vaccine’ as ‘a well-designed killing tool’.

No off-switch Bad as the initial consequences had been Tenpenny said it would be maybe 14 months before we began to see the ‘full ravage’ of what is going to happen to the ‘Covid vaccinated’ with full-out consequences taking anything between two years and 20 years to show. You can understand why when you consider that variations of the ‘Covid vaccine’ use mRNA (messenger RNA) to in theory activate the immune system to produce protective antibodies without using the actual ‘virus’. How can they when it’s a computer program and they’ve never isolated what they claim is the ‘real thing’? Instead they use synthetic mRNA. They are inoculating synthetic material into the body which through a technique known as the Trojan horse is absorbed into cells to change the nature of DNA. Human DNA is changed by an infusion of messenger RNA and with each new ‘vaccine’ of this type it is changed even more. Say so and you are banned by Cult Internet platforms. The contempt the contemptuous Mark Zuckerberg has for the truth and human health can be seen in an internal Facebook video leaked to the Project Veritas investigative team in which he said of the ‘Covid vaccines’: ‘… I share some caution on this because we just don’t know the long term side-effects of basically modifying people’s DNA and RNA.’ At the same time this disgusting man’s Facebook was censoring and banning anyone saying exactly the same. He must go before a Nuremberg trial for crimes against humanity when he knows that he

is censoring legitimate concerns and denying the right of informed consent on behalf of the Cult that owns him. People have been killed and damaged by the very ‘vaccination’ technique he cast doubt on himself when they may not have had the ‘vaccine’ with access to information that he denied them. The plan is to have at least annual ‘Covid vaccinations’, add others to deal with invented ‘variants’, and change all other vaccines into the mRNA system. Pfizer executives told shareholders at a virtual Barclays Global Healthcare Conference in March, 2021, that the public may need a third dose of ‘Covid vaccine’, plus regular yearly boosters and the company planned to hike prices to milk the profits in a ‘significant opportunity for our vaccine’. These are the professional liars, cheats and opportunists who are telling you their ‘vaccine’ is safe. Given this volume of mRNA planned to be infused into the human body and its ability to then replicate we will have a transformation of human genetics from biological to synthetic biological – exactly the long-time Cult plan for reasons we’ll see – and many will die. Sherri Tenpenny said of this replication: It’s like having an on-button but no off-button and that whole mechanism … they actually give it a name and they call it the Trojan horse mechanism, because it allows that [synthetic] virus and that piece of that [synthetic] virus to get inside of your cells, start to replicate and even get inserted into other parts of your DNA as a Trojan-horse.

Ask the overwhelming majority of people who have the ‘vaccine’ what they know about the contents and what they do and they would reply: ‘The government says it will stop me ge ing the virus.’ Governments give that false impression on purpose to increase takeup. You can read Sherri Tenpenny’s detailed analysis of the health consequences in her blog at Vaxxter.com, but in summary these are some of them. She highlights the statement by Bill Gates about how human beings can become their own ‘vaccine manufacturing machine’. The man is insane. [‘Vaccine’-generated] ‘antibodies’ carry synthetic messenger RNA into the cells and the damage starts, Tenpenny contends, and she says that lungs can be adversely affected through varying degrees of pus and bleeding which

obviously affects breathing and would be dubbed ‘Covid-19’. Even more sinister was the impact of ‘antibodies’ on macrophages, a white blood cell of the immune system. They consist of Type 1 and Type 2 which have very different functions. She said Type 1 are ‘hypervigilant’ white blood cells which ‘gobble up’ bacteria etc. However, in doing so, this could cause inflammation and in extreme circumstances be fatal. She says these affects are mitigated by Type 2 macrophages which kick in to calm down the system and stop it going rogue. They clear up dead tissue debris and reduce inflammation that the Type 1 ‘fire crews’ have caused. Type 1 kills the infection and Type 2 heals the damage, she says. This is her punchline with regard to ‘Covid vaccinations’: She says that mRNA ‘antibodies’ block Type 2 macrophages by a aching to them and deactivating them. This meant that when the Type 1 response was triggered by infection there was nothing to stop that ge ing out of hand by calming everything down. There’s an on-switch, but no offswitch, she says. What follows can be ‘over and out, see you when I see you’.

Genetic suicide Tenpenny also highlights the potential for autoimmune disease – the body a acking itself – which has been associated with vaccines since they first appeared. Infusing a synthetic foreign substance into cells could cause the immune system to react in a panic believing that the body is being overwhelmed by an invader (it is) and the consequences can again be fatal. There is an autoimmune response known as a ‘cytokine storm’ which I have likened to a homeowner panicked by an intruder and picking up a gun to shoot randomly in all directions before turning the fire on himself. The immune system unleashes a storm of inflammatory response called cytokines to a threat and the body commits hara-kiri. The lesson is that you mess with the body’s immune response at your peril and these ‘vaccines’ seriously – fundamentally – mess with immune response. Tenpenny refers to a consequence called anaphylactic shock which is a severe and highly dangerous allergic reaction when the immune system

floods the body with chemicals. She gives the example of having a bee sting which primes the immune system and makes it sensitive to those chemicals. When people are stung again maybe years later the immune response can be so powerful that it leads to anaphylactic shock. Tenpenny relates this ‘shock’ with regard to the ‘Covid vaccine’ to something called polyethylene glycol or PEG. Enormous numbers of people have become sensitive to this over decades of use in a whole range of products and processes including food, drink, skin creams and ‘medicine’. Studies have claimed that some 72 percent of people have antibodies triggered by PEG compared with two percent in the 1960s and allergic hypersensitive reactions to this become a gathering cause for concern. Tenpenny points out that the ‘mRNA vaccine’ is coated in a ‘bubble’ of polyethylene glycol which has the potential to cause anaphylactic shock through immune sensitivity. Many reports have appeared of people reacting this way a er having the ‘Covid vaccine’. What do we think is going to happen as humanity has more and more of these ‘vaccines’? Tenpenny said: ‘All these pictures we have seen with people with these rashes … these weepy rashes, big reactions on their arms and things like that – it’s an acute allergic reaction most likely to the polyethylene glycol that you’ve been previously primed and sensitised to.’ Those who have not studied the conspiracy and its perpetrators at length might think that making the population sensitive to PEG and then pu ing it in these ‘vaccines’ is just a coincidence. It is not. It is instead testament to how carefully and coldly-planned current events have been and the scale of the conspiracy we are dealing with. Tenpenny further explains that the ‘vaccine’ mRNA procedure can breach the blood-brain barrier which protects the brain from toxins and other crap that will cause malfunction. In this case they could make two proteins corrupt brain function to cause Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) , a progressive nervous system disease leading to loss of muscle control, and frontal lobe degeneration – Alzheimer’s and dementia. Immunologist J. Bart Classon published a paper connecting mRNA ‘vaccines’ to prion

disease which can lead to Alzheimer’s and other forms of neurogenerative disease while others have pointed out the potential to affect the placenta in ways that make women infertile. This will become highly significant in the next chapter when I will discuss other aspects of this non-vaccine that relate to its nanotechnology and transmission from the injected to the uninjected.

Qualified in idiocy Tenpenny describes how research has confirmed that these ‘vaccine’generated antibodies can interact with a range of other tissues in the body and a ack many other organs including the lungs. ‘This means that if you have a hundred people standing in front of you that all got this shot they could have a hundred different symptoms.’ Anyone really think that Cult gofers like the Queen, Tony Blair, Christopher Whi y, Anthony Fauci, and all the other psychopaths have really had this ‘vaccine’ in the pictures we’ve seen? Not a bloody chance. Why don’t doctors all tell us about all these dangers and consequences of the ‘Covid vaccine’? Why instead do they encourage and pressure patients to have the shot? Don’t let’s think for a moment that doctors and medical staff can’t be stupid, lazy, and psychopathic and that’s without the financial incentives to give the jab. Tenpenny again: Some people are going to die from the vaccine directly but a large number of people are going to start to get horribly sick and get all kinds of autoimmune diseases 42 days to maybe a year out. What are they going to do, these stupid doctors who say; ‘Good for you for getting that vaccine.’ What are they going to say; ‘Oh, it must be a mutant, we need to give an extra dose of that vaccine.’ Because now the vaccine, instead of one dose or two doses we need three or four because the stupid physicians aren’t taking the time to learn anything about it. If I can learn this sitting in my living room reading a 19 page paper and several others so can they. There’s nothing special about me, I just take the time to do it.

Remember how Sara Kayat, the NHS and TV doctor, said that the ‘Covid vaccine’ would ‘100 percent prevent hospitalisation and death’. Doctors can be idiots like every other profession and they

should not be worshipped as infallible. They are not and far from it. Behind many medical and scientific ‘experts’ lies an uninformed prat trying to hide themselves from you although in the ‘Covid’ era many have failed to do so as with UK narrative-repeating ‘TV doctor’ Hilary Jones. Pushing back against the minority of proper doctors and scientists speaking out against the ‘vaccine’ has been the entire edifice of the Cult global state in the form of governments, medical systems, corporations, mainstream media, Silicon Valley, and an army of compliant doctors, medical staff and scientists willing to say anything for money and to enhance their careers by promoting the party line. If you do that you are an ‘expert’ and if you won’t you are an ‘anti-vaxxer’ and ‘Covidiot’. The pressure to be ‘vaccinated’ is incessant. We have even had reports claiming that the ‘vaccine’ can help cure cancer and Alzheimer’s and make the lame walk. I am waiting for the announcement that it can bring you coffee in the morning and cook your tea. Just as the symptoms of ‘Covid’ seem to increase by the week so have the miracles of the ‘vaccine’. American supermarket giant Kroger Co. offered nearly 500,000 employees in 35 states a $100 bonus for having the ‘vaccine’ while donut chain Krispy Kreme promised ‘vaccinated’ customers a free glazed donut every day for the rest of 2021. Have your DNA changed and you will get a doughnut although we might not have to give you them for long. Such offers and incentives confirm the desperation. Perhaps the worse vaccine-stunt of them all was UK ‘Health’ Secretary Ma -the-prat Hancock on live TV a er watching a clip of someone being ‘vaccinated’ when the roll-out began. Hancock faked tears so badly it was embarrassing. Brain-of-Britain Piers Morgan, the lockdown-supporting, ‘vaccine’ supporting, ‘vaccine’ passportsupporting, TV host played along with Hancock – ‘You’re quite emotional about that’ he said in response to acting so atrocious it would have been called out at a school nativity which will presumably today include Mary and Jesus in masks, wise men keeping their camels six feet apart, and shepherds under tent arrest. System-serving Morgan tweeted this: ‘Love the idea of covid vaccine passports for everywhere: flights, restaurants, clubs, football, gyms,

shops etc. It’s time covid-denying, anti-vaxxer loonies had their bullsh*t bluff called & bar themselves from going anywhere that responsible citizens go.’ If only I could aspire to his genius. To think that Morgan, who specialises in shouting over anyone he disagrees with, was lauded as a free speech hero when he lost his job a er storming off the set of his live show like a child throwing his dolly out of the pram. If he is a free speech hero we are in real trouble. I have no idea what ‘bullsh*t’ means, by the way, the * throws me completely. The Cult is desperate to infuse its synthetic DNA-changing concoction into everyone and has been using every lie, trick and intimidation to do so. The question of ‘Why?’ we shall now address.

CHAPTER TEN Human 2.0 I believe that at the end of the century the use of words and general educated opinion will have altered so much that one will be able to speak of machines thinking without expecting to be contradicted – Alan Turing (1912-1954), the ‘Father of artificial intelligence‘

I

have been exposing for decades the plan to transform the human body from a biological to a synthetic-biological state. The new human that I will call Human 2.0 is planned to be connected to artificial intelligence and a global AI ‘Smart Grid’ that would operate as one global system in which AI would control everything from your fridge to your heating system to your car to your mind. Humans would no longer be ‘human’, but post-human and subhuman, with their thinking and emotional processes replaced by AI. What I said sounded crazy and beyond science fiction and I could understand that. To any balanced, rational, mind it is crazy. Today, however, that world is becoming reality and it puts the ‘Covid vaccine’ into its true context. Ray Kurzweil is the ultra-Zionist ‘computer scientist, inventor and futurist’ and co-founder of the Singularity University. Singularity refers to the merging of humans with machines or ‘transhumanism’. Kurzweil has said humanity would be connected to the cyber ‘cloud’ in the period of the everrecurring year of 2030: Our thinking … will be a hybrid of biological and non-biological thinking … humans will be able to extend their limitations and ‘think in the cloud’ … We’re going to put gateways to the

cloud in our brains ... We’re going to gradually merge and enhance ourselves ... In my view, that’s the nature of being human – we transcend our limitations. As the technology becomes vastly superior to what we are then the small proportion that is still human gets smaller and smaller and smaller until it’s just utterly negligible.

They are trying to sell this end-of-humanity-as-we-know-it as the next stage of ‘evolution’ when we become super-human and ‘like the gods’. They are lying to you. Shocked, eh? The population, and again especially the young, have been manipulated into addiction to technologies designed to enslave them for life. First they induced an addiction to smartphones (holdables); next they moved to technology on the body (wearables); and then began the invasion of the body (implantables). I warned way back about the plan for microchipped people and we are now entering that era. We should not be diverted into thinking that this refers only to chips we can see. Most important are the nanochips known as smart dust, neural dust and nanobots which are far too small to be seen by the human eye. Nanotechnology is everywhere, increasingly in food products, and released into the atmosphere by the geoengineering of the skies funded by Bill Gates to ‘shut out the Sun’ and ‘save the planet from global warming’. Gates has been funding a project to spray millions of tonnes of chalk (calcium carbonate) into the stratosphere over Sweden to ‘dim the Sun’ and cool the Earth. Scientists warned the move could be disastrous for weather systems in ways no one can predict and opposition led to the Swedish space agency announcing that the ‘experiment’ would not be happening as planned in the summer of 2021; but it shows where the Cult is going with dimming the impact of the Sun and there’s an associated plan to change the planet’s atmosphere. Who gives psychopath Gates the right to dictate to the entire human race and dismantle planetary systems? The world will not be safe while this man is at large. The global warming hoax has made the Sun, like the gas of life, something to fear when both are essential to good health and human survival (more inversion). The body transforms sunlight into vital vitamin D through a process involving … cholesterol. This is the cholesterol we are also told to fear. We are urged to take Big Pharma

statin drugs to reduce cholesterol and it’s all systematic. Reducing cholesterol means reducing vitamin D uptake with all the multiple health problems that will cause. At least if you take statins long term it saves the government from having to pay you a pension. The delivery system to block sunlight is widely referred to as chemtrails although these have a much deeper agenda, too. They appear at first to be contrails or condensation trails streaming from aircra into cold air at high altitudes. Contrails disperse very quickly while chemtrails do not and spread out across the sky before eventually their content falls to earth. Many times I have watched aircra crosscross a clear blue sky releasing chemtrails until it looks like a cloudy day. Chemtrails contain many things harmful to humans and the natural world including toxic heavy metals, aluminium (see Alzheimer’s) and nanotechnology. Ray Kurzweil reveals the reason without actually saying so: ‘Nanobots will infuse all the ma er around us with information. Rocks, trees, everything will become these intelligent creatures.’ How do you deliver that? From the sky. Self-replicating nanobots would connect everything to the Smart Grid. The phenomenon of Morgellons disease began in the chemtrail era and the correlation has led to it being dubbed the ‘chemtrail disease’. Self-replicating fibres appear in the body that can be pulled out through the skin. Morgellons fibres continue to grow outside the body and have a form of artificial intelligence. I cover this at greater length in Phantom Self.

‘Vaccine’ operating system ‘Covid vaccines’ with their self-replicating synthetic material are also designed to make the connection between humanity and Kurzweil’s ‘cloud’. American doctor and dedicated campaigner for truth, Carrie Madej, an Internal Medicine Specialist in Georgia with more than 20 years medical experience, has highlighted the nanotechnology aspect of the fake ‘vaccines’. She explains how one of the components in at least the Moderna and Pfizer synthetic potions are ‘lipid nanoparticles’ which are ‘like li le tiny computer bits’ – a ‘sci-fi substance’ known as nanobots and hydrogel which can be ‘triggered

at any moment to deliver its payload’ and act as ‘biosensors’. The synthetic substance had ‘the ability to accumulate data from your body like your breathing, your respiration, thoughts and emotions, all kind of things’ and each syringe could carry a million nanobots: This substance because it’s like little bits of computers in your body, crazy, but it’s true, it can do that, [and] obviously has the ability to act through Wi-Fi. It can receive and transmit energy, messages, frequencies or impulses. That issue has never been addressed by these companies. What does that do to the human? Just imagine getting this substance in you and it can react to things all around you, the 5G, your smart device, your phones, what is happening with that? What if something is triggering it, too, like an impulse, a frequency? We have something completely foreign in the human body.

Madej said her research revealed that electromagnetic (EMF) frequencies emi ed by phones and other devices had increased dramatically in the same period of the ‘vaccine’ rollout and she was seeing more people with radiation problems as 5G and other electromagnetic technology was expanded and introduced to schools and hospitals. She said she was ‘floored with the EMF coming off’ the devices she checked. All this makes total sense and syncs with my own work of decades when you think that Moderna refers in documents to its mRNA ‘vaccine’ as an ‘operating system’: Recognizing the broad potential of mRNA science, we set out to create an mRNA technology platform that functions very much like an operating system on a computer. It is designed so that it can plug and play interchangeably with different programs. In our case, the ‘program’ or ‘app’ is our mRNA drug – the unique mRNA sequence that codes for a protein … … Our MRNA Medicines – ‘The ‘Software Of Life’: When we have a concept for a new mRNA medicine and begin research, fundamental components are already in place. Generally, the only thing that changes from one potential mRNA medicine to another is the coding region – the actual genetic code that instructs ribosomes to make protein. Utilizing these instruction sets gives our investigational mRNA medicines a software-like quality. We also have the ability to combine different mRNA sequences encoding for different proteins in a single mRNA investigational medicine.

Who needs a real ‘virus’ when you can create a computer version to justify infusing your operating system into the entire human race on the road to making living, breathing people into cyborgs? What is missed with the ‘vaccines’ is the digital connection between synthetic material and the body that I highlighted earlier with the study that hacked a computer with human DNA. On one level the body is digital, based on mathematical codes, and I’ll have more about that in the next chapter. Those who ridiculously claim that mRNA ‘vaccines’ are not designed to change human genetics should explain the words of Dr Tal Zaks, chief medical officer at Moderna, in a 2017 TED talk. He said that over the last 30 years ‘we’ve been living this phenomenal digital scientific revolution, and I’m here today to tell you, that we are actually hacking the software of life, and that it’s changing the way we think about prevention and treatment of disease’: In every cell there’s this thing called messenger RNA, or mRNA for short, that transmits the critical information from the DNA in our genes to the protein, which is really the stuff we’re all made out of. This is the critical information that determines what the cell will do. So we think about it as an operating system. So if you could change that, if you could introduce a line of code, or change a line of code, it turns out, that has profound implications for everything, from the flu to cancer.

Zaks should more accurately have said that this has profound implications for the human genetic code and the nature of DNA. Communications within the body go both ways and not only one. But, hey, no, the ‘Covid vaccine’ will not affect your genetics. Cult fact-checkers say so even though the man who helped to develop the mRNA technique says that it does. Zaks said in 2017: If you think about what it is we’re trying to do. We’ve taken information and our understanding of that information and how that information is transmitted in a cell, and we’ve taken our understanding of medicine and how to make drugs, and we’re fusing the two. We think of it as information therapy.

I have been writing for decades that the body is an information field communicating with itself and the wider world. This is why

radiation which is information can change the information field of body and mind through phenomena like 5G and change their nature and function. ‘Information therapy’ means to change the body’s information field and change the way it operates. DNA is a receivertransmi er of information and can be mutated by information like mRNA synthetic messaging. Technology to do this has been ready and waiting in the underground bases and other secret projects to be rolled out when the ‘Covid’ hoax was played. ‘Trials’ of such short and irrelevant duration were only for public consumption. When they say the ‘vaccine’ is ‘experimental’ that is not true. It may appear to be ‘experimental’ to those who don’t know what’s going on, but the trials have already been done to ensure the Cult gets the result it desires. Zaks said that it took decades to sequence the human genome, completed in 2003, but now they could do it in a week. By ‘they’ he means scientists operating in the public domain. In the secret projects they were sequencing the genome in a week long before even 2003.

Deluge of mRNA Highly significantly the Moderna document says the guiding premise is that if using mRNA as a medicine works for one disease then it should work for many diseases. They were leveraging the flexibility afforded by their platform and the fundamental role mRNA plays in protein synthesis to pursue mRNA medicines for a broad spectrum of diseases. Moderna is confirming what I was saying through 2020 that multiple ‘vaccines’ were planned for ‘Covid’ (and later invented ‘variants’) and that previous vaccines would be converted to the mRNA system to infuse the body with massive amounts of genetically-manipulating synthetic material to secure a transformation to a synthetic-biological state. The ‘vaccines’ are designed to kill stunning numbers as part of the long-exposed Cult depopulation agenda and transform the rest. Given this is the goal you can appreciate why there is such hysterical demand for every human to be ‘vaccinated’ for an alleged ‘disease’ that has an estimated ‘infection’ to ‘death’ ratio of 0.23-0.15 percent. As I write

children are being given the ‘vaccine’ in trials (their parents are a disgrace) and ever-younger people are being offered the vaccine for a ‘virus’ that even if you believe it exists has virtually zero chance of harming them. Horrific effects of the ‘trials’ on a 12-year-old girl were revealed by a family member to be serious brain and gastric problems that included a bowel obstruction and the inability to swallow liquids or solids. She was unable to eat or drink without throwing up, had extreme pain in her back, neck and abdomen, and was paralysed from the waist down which stopped her urinating unaided. When the girl was first taken to hospital doctors said it was all in her mind. She was signed up for the ‘trial’ by her parents for whom no words suffice. None of this ‘Covid vaccine’ insanity makes any sense unless you see what the ‘vaccine’ really is – a bodychanger. Synthetic biology or ‘SynBio’ is a fast-emerging and expanding scientific discipline which includes everything from genetic and molecular engineering to electrical and computer engineering. Synthetic biology is defined in these ways: • A multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new biological parts, devices, and systems, or to redesign systems that are already found in nature. • The use of a mixture of physical engineering and genetic engineering to create new (and therefore synthetic) life forms. • An emerging field of research that aims to combine the knowledge and methods of biology, engineering and related disciplines in the design of chemically-synthesized DNA to create organisms with novel or enhanced characteristics and traits (synthetic organisms including humans). We now have synthetic blood, skin, organs and limbs being developed along with synthetic body parts produced by 3D printers. These are all elements of the synthetic human programme and this comment by Kurzweil’s co-founder of the Singularity University,

Peter Diamandis, can be seen in a whole new light with the ‘Covid’ hoax and the sanctions against those that refuse the ‘vaccine’: Anybody who is going to be resisting the progress forward [to transhumanism] is going to be resisting evolution and, fundamentally, they will die out. It’s not a matter of whether it’s good or bad. It’s going to happen.

‘Resisting evolution’? What absolute bollocks. The arrogance of these people is without limit. His ‘it’s going to happen’ mantra is another way of saying ‘resistance is futile’ to break the spirit of those pushing back and we must not fall for it. Ge ing this geneticallytransforming ‘vaccine’ into everyone is crucial to the Cult plan for total control and the desperation to achieve that is clear for anyone to see. Vaccine passports are a major factor in this and they, too, are a form of resistance is futile. It’s NOT. The paper funded by the Rockefeller Foundation for the 2013 ‘health conference’ in China said: We will interact more with artificial intelligence. The use of robotics, bio-engineering to augment human functioning is already well underway and will advance. Re-engineering of humans into potentially separate and unequal forms through genetic engineering or mixed human-robots raises debates on ethics and equality. A new demography is projected to emerge after 2030 [that year again] of technologies (robotics, genetic engineering, nanotechnology) producing robots, engineered organisms, ‘nanobots’ and artificial intelligence (AI) that can self-replicate. Debates will grow on the implications of an impending reality of human designed life.

What is happening today is so long planned. The world army enforcing the will of the world government is intended to be a robot army, not a human one. Today’s military and its technologically ‘enhanced’ troops, pilotless planes and driverless vehicles are just stepping stones to that end. Human soldiers are used as Cult fodder and its time they woke up to that and worked for the freedom of the population instead of their own destruction and their family’s destruction – the same with the police. Join us and let’s sort this out. The phenomenon of enforce my own destruction is widespread in the ‘Covid’ era with Woker ‘luvvies’ in the acting and entertainment

industries supporting ‘Covid’ rules which have destroyed their profession and the same with those among the public who put signs on the doors of their businesses ‘closed due to Covid – stay safe’ when many will never reopen. It’s a form of masochism and most certainly insanity.

Transgender = transhumanism When something explodes out of nowhere and is suddenly everywhere it is always the Cult agenda and so it is with the tidal wave of claims and demands that have infiltrated every aspect of society under the heading of ‘transgenderism’. The term ‘trans’ is so ‘in’ and this is the dictionary definition: A prefix meaning ‘across’, ’through’, occurring … in loanwords from Latin, used in particular for denoting movement or conveyance from place to place (transfer; transmit; transplant) or complete change (transform; transmute), or to form adjectives meaning ’crossing’, ‘on the other side of’, or ‘going beyond’ the place named (transmontane; transnational; transSiberian).

Transgender means to go beyond gender and transhuman means to go beyond human. Both are aspects of the Cult plan to transform the human body to a synthetic state with no gender. Human 2.0 is not designed to procreate and would be produced technologically with no need for parents. The new human would mean the end of parents and so men, and increasingly women, are being targeted for the deletion of their rights and status. Parental rights are disappearing at an ever-quickening speed for the same reason. The new human would have no need for men or women when there is no procreation and no gender. Perhaps the transgender movement that appears to be in a permanent state of frenzy might now contemplate on how it is being used. This was never about transgender rights which are only the interim excuse for confusing gender, particularly in the young, on the road to fusing gender. Transgender activism is not an end; it is a means to an end. We see again the technique of creative destruction in which you destroy the status quo to ‘build back be er’ in the form that you want. The gender status quo had to be

destroyed by persuading the Cult-created Woke mentality to believe that you can have 100 genders or more. A programme for 9 to 12 year olds produced by the Cult-owned BBC promoted the 100 genders narrative. The very idea may be the most monumental nonsense, but it is not what is true that counts, only what you can make people believe is true. Once the gender of 2 + 2 = 4 has been dismantled through indoctrination, intimidation and 2 + 2 = 5 then the new no-gender normal can take its place with Human 2.0. Aldous Huxley revealed the plan in his prophetic Brave New World in 1932: Natural reproduction has been done away with and children are created, decanted’, and raised in ‘hatcheries and conditioning centres’. From birth, people are genetically designed to fit into one of five castes, which are further split into ‘Plus’ and ‘Minus’ members and designed to fulfil predetermined positions within the social and economic strata of the World State.

How could Huxley know this in 1932? For the same reason George Orwell knew about the Big Brother state in 1948, Cult insiders I have quoted knew about it in 1969, and I have known about it since the early 1990s. If you are connected to the Cult or you work your balls off to uncover the plan you can predict the future. The process is simple. If there is a plan for the world and nothing intervenes to stop it then it will happen. Thus if you communicate the plan ahead of time you are perceived to have predicted the future, but you haven’t. You have revealed the plan which without intervention will become the human future. The whole reason I have done what I have is to alert enough people to inspire an intervention and maybe at last that time has come with the Cult and its intentions now so obvious to anyone with a brain in working order.

The future is here Technological wombs that Huxley described to replace parent procreation are already being developed and they are only the projects we know about in the public arena. Israeli scientists told The Times of Israel in March, 2021, that they have grown 250-cell embryos

into mouse foetuses with fully formed organs using artificial wombs in a development they say could pave the way for gestating humans outside the womb. Professor Jacob Hanna of the Weizmann Institute of Science said: We took mouse embryos from the mother at day five of development, when they are just of 250 cells, and had them in the incubator from day five until day 11, by which point they had grown all their organs. By day 11 they make their own blood and have a beating heart, a fully developed brain. Anybody would look at them and say, ‘this is clearly a mouse foetus with all the characteristics of a mouse.’ It’s gone from being a ball of cells to being an advanced foetus.

A special liquid is used to nourish embryo cells in a laboratory dish and they float on the liquid to duplicate the first stage of embryonic development. The incubator creates all the right conditions for its development, Hanna said. The liquid gives the embryo ‘all the nutrients, hormones and sugars they need’ along with a custom-made electronic incubator which controls gas concentration, pressure and temperature. The cu ing-edge in the underground bases and other secret locations will be light years ahead of that, however, and this was reported by the London Guardian in 2017: We are approaching a biotechnological breakthrough. Ectogenesis, the invention of a complete external womb, could completely change the nature of human reproduction. In April this year, researchers at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia announced their development of an artificial womb.

The article was headed ‘Artificial wombs could soon be a reality. What will this mean for women?’ What would it mean for children is an even bigger question. No mother to bond with only a machine in preparation for a life of soulless interaction and control in a world governed by machines (see the Matrix movies). Now observe the calculated manipulations of the ‘Covid’ hoax as human interaction and warmth has been curtailed by distancing, isolation and fear with people communicating via machines on a scale never seen before.

These are all dots in the same picture as are all the personal assistants, gadgets and children’s toys through which kids and adults communicate with AI as if it is human. The AI ‘voice’ on SatNav should be included. All these things are psychological preparation for the Cult endgame. Before you can make a physical connection with AI you have to make a psychological connection and that is what people are being conditioned to do with this ever gathering human-AI interaction. Movies and TV programmes depicting the transhuman, robot dystopia relate to a phenomenon known as ‘pre-emptive programming’ in which the world that is planned is portrayed everywhere in movies, TV and advertising. This is conditioning the conscious and subconscious mind to become familiar with the planned reality to dilute resistance when it happens for real. What would have been a shock such is the change is made less so. We have young children put on the road to transgender transition surgery with puberty blocking drugs at an age when they could never be able to make those life-changing decisions. Rachel Levine, a professor of paediatrics and psychiatry who believes in treating children this way, became America’s highestranked openly-transgender official when she was confirmed as US Assistant Secretary at the Department of Health and Human Services a er being nominated by Joe Biden (the Cult). Activists and governments press for laws to deny parents a say in their children’s transition process so the kids can be isolated and manipulated into agreeing to irreversible medical procedures. A Canadian father Robert Hoogland was denied bail by the Vancouver Supreme Court in 2021 and remained in jail for breaching a court order that he stay silent over his young teenage daughter, a minor, who was being offered life-changing hormone therapy without parental consent. At the age of 12 the girl’s ‘school counsellor’ said she may be transgender, referred her to a doctor and told the school to treat her like a boy. This is another example of state-serving schools imposing ever more control over children’s lives while parents have ever less.

Contemptible and extreme child abuse is happening all over the world as the Cult gender-fusion operation goes into warp-speed.

Why the war on men – and now women? The question about what artificial wombs mean for women should rightly be asked. The answer can be seen in the deletion of women’s rights involving sport, changing rooms, toilets and status in favour of people in male bodies claiming to identify as women. I can identify as a mountain climber, but it doesn’t mean I can climb a mountain any more than a biological man can be a biological woman. To believe so is a triumph of belief over factual reality which is the very perceptual basis of everything Woke. Women’s sport is being destroyed by allowing those with male bodies who say they identify as female to ‘compete’ with girls and women. Male body ‘women’ dominate ‘women’s’ competition with their greater muscle mass, bone density, strength and speed. With that disadvantage sport for women loses all meaning. To put this in perspective nearly 300 American high school boys can run faster than the quickest woman sprinter in the world. Women are seeing their previously protected spaces invaded by male bodies simply because they claim to identify as women. That’s all they need to do to access all women’s spaces and activities under the Biden ‘Equality Act’ that destroys equality for women with the usual Orwellian Woke inversion. Male sex offenders have already commi ed rapes in women’s prisons a er claiming to identify as women to get them transferred. Does this not ma er to the Woke ‘equality’ hypocrites? Not in the least. What ma ers to Cult manipulators and funders behind transgender activists is to advance gender fusion on the way to the no-gender ‘human’. When you are seeking to impose transparent nonsense like this, or the ‘Covid’ hoax, the only way the nonsense can prevail is through censorship and intimidation of dissenters, deletion of factual information, and programming of the unquestioning, bewildered and naive. You don’t have to scan the world for long to see that all these things are happening.

Many women’s rights organisations have realised that rights and status which took such a long time to secure are being eroded and that it is systematic. Kara Dansky of the global Women’s Human Rights Campaign said that Biden’s transgender executive order immediately he took office, subsequent orders, and Equality Act legislation that followed ‘seek to erase women and girls in the law as a category’. Exactly. I said during the long ago-started war on men (in which many women play a crucial part) that this was going to turn into a war on them. The Cult is phasing out both male and female genders. To get away with that they are brought into conflict so they are busy fighting each other while the Cult completes the job with no unity of response. Unity, people, unity. We need unity everywhere. Transgender is the only show in town as the big step towards the no-gender human. It’s not about rights for transgender people and never has been. Woke political correctness is deleting words relating to genders to the same end. Wokers believe this is to be ‘inclusive’ when the opposite is true. They are deleting words describing gender because gender itself is being deleted by Human 2.0. Terms like ‘man’, ‘woman’, ‘mother’ and ‘father’ are being deleted in the universities and other institutions to be replaced by the no-gender, not trans-gender, ‘individuals’ and ‘guardians’. Women’s rights campaigner Maria Keffler of Partners for Ethical Care said: ‘Children are being taught from kindergarten upward that some boys have a vagina, some girls have a penis, and that kids can be any gender they want to be.’ Do we really believe that suddenly countries all over the world at the same time had the idea of having drag queens go into schools or read transgender stories to very young children in the local library? It’s coldly-calculated confusion of gender on the way to the fusion of gender. Suzanne Vierling, a psychologist from Southern California, made another important point: Yesterday’s slave woman who endured gynecological medical experiments is today’s girlchild being butchered in a booming gender-transitioning sector. Ovaries removed, pushing her into menopause and osteoporosis, uncharted territory, and parents’ rights and authority decimated.

The erosion of parental rights is a common theme in line with the Cult plans to erase the very concept of parents and ‘ovaries removed, pushing her into menopause’ means what? Those born female lose the ability to have children – another way to discontinue humanity as we know it.

Eliminating Human 1.0 (before our very eyes) To pave the way for Human 2.0 you must phase out Human 1.0. This is happening through plummeting sperm counts and making women infertile through an onslaught of chemicals, radiation (including smartphones in pockets of men) and mRNA ‘vaccines’. Common agriculture pesticides are also having a devastating impact on human fertility. I have been tracking collapsing sperm counts in the books for a long time and in 2021 came a book by fertility scientist and reproductive epidemiologist Shanna Swan, Count Down: How Our Modern World Is Threatening Sperm Counts, Altering Male and Female Reproductive Development and Imperiling the Future of the Human Race. She reports how the global fertility rate dropped by half between 1960 and 2016 with America’s birth rate 16 percent below where it needs to be to sustain the population. Women are experiencing declining egg quality, more miscarriages, and more couples suffer from infertility. Other findings were an increase in erectile dysfunction, infant boys developing more genital abnormalities, male problems with conception, and plunging levels of the male hormone testosterone which would explain why so many men have lost their backbone and masculinity. This has been very evident during the ‘Covid’ hoax when women have been prominent among the Pushbackers and big strapping blokes have bowed their heads, covered their faces with a nappy and quietly submi ed. Mind control expert Cathy O’Brien also points to how global education introduced the concept of ‘we’re all winners’ in sport and classrooms: ‘Competition was defused, and it in turn defused a sense of fighting back.’ This is another version of the ‘equity’ doctrine in which you drive down rather than raise up. What a contrast in Cult-controlled China with its global ambitions

where the government published plans in January, 2021, to ‘cultivate masculinity’ in boys from kindergarten through to high school in the face of a ‘masculinity crisis’. A government adviser said boys would be soon become ‘delicate, timid and effeminate’ unless action was taken. Don’t expect any similar policy in the targeted West. A 2006 study showed that a 65-year-old man in 2002 had testosterone levels 15 percent lower than a 65-year-old man in 1987 while a 2020 study found a similar story with young adults and adolescents. Men are ge ing prescriptions for testosterone replacement therapy which causes an even greater drop in sperm count with up to 99 percent seeing sperm counts drop to zero during the treatment. More sperm is defective and malfunctioning with some having two heads or not pursuing an egg. A class of synthetic chemicals known as phthalates are being blamed for the decline. These are found everywhere in plastics, shampoos, cosmetics, furniture, flame retardants, personal care products, pesticides, canned foods and even receipts. Why till receipts? Everyone touches them. Let no one delude themselves that all this is not systematic to advance the long-time agenda for human body transformation. Phthalates mimic hormones and disrupt the hormone balance causing testosterone to fall and genital birth defects in male infants. Animals and fish have been affected in the same way due to phthalates and other toxins in rivers. When fish turn gay or change sex through chemicals in rivers and streams it is a pointer to why there has been such an increase in gay people and the sexually confused. It doesn’t ma er to me what sexuality people choose to be, but if it’s being affected by chemical pollution and consumption then we need to know. Does anyone really think that this is not connected to the transgender agenda, the war on men and the condemnation of male ‘toxic masculinity’? You watch this being followed by ‘toxic femininity’. It’s already happening. When breastfeeding becomes ‘chest-feeding’, pregnant women become pregnant people along with all the other Woke claptrap you know that the world is going insane and there’s a Cult scam in progress. Transgender activists are promoting the Cult agenda while Cult

billionaires support and fund the insanity as they laugh themselves to sleep at the sheer stupidity for which humans must be infamous in galaxies far, far away.

‘Covid vaccines’ and female infertility We can now see why the ‘vaccine’ has been connected to potential infertility in women. Dr Michael Yeadon, former Vice President and Chief Scientific Advisor at Pfizer, and Dr Wolfgang Wodarg in Germany, filed a petition with the European Medicines Agency in December, 2020, urging them to stop trials for the Pfizer/BioNTech shot and all other mRNA trials until further studies had been done. They were particularly concerned about possible effects on fertility with ‘vaccine’-produced antibodies a acking the protein Syncytin-1 which is responsible for developing the placenta. The result would be infertility ‘of indefinite duration’ in women who have the ‘vaccine’ with the placenta failing to form. Section 10.4.2 of the Pfizer/BioNTech trial protocol says that pregnant women or those who might become so should not have mRNA shots. Section 10.4 warns men taking mRNA shots to ‘be abstinent from heterosexual intercourse’ and not to donate sperm. The UK government said that it did not know if the mRNA procedure had an effect on fertility. Did not know? These people have to go to jail. UK government advice did not recommend at the start that pregnant women had the shot and said they should avoid pregnancy for at least two months a er ‘vaccination’. The ‘advice’ was later updated to pregnant women should only have the ‘vaccine’ if the benefits outweighed the risks to mother and foetus. What the hell is that supposed to mean? Then ‘spontaneous abortions’ began to appear and rapidly increase on the adverse reaction reporting schemes which include only a fraction of adverse reactions. Thousands and ever-growing numbers of ‘vaccinated’ women are describing changes to their menstrual cycle with heavier blood flow, irregular periods and menstruating again a er going through the menopause – all links to reproduction effects. Women are passing blood clots and the lining of their uterus while men report erectile dysfunction and blood effects. Most

significantly of all unvaccinated women began to report similar menstrual changes a er interaction with ‘vaccinated’ people and men and children were also affected with bleeding noses, blood clots and other conditions. ‘Shedding’ is when vaccinated people can emit the content of a vaccine to affect the unvaccinated, but this is different. ‘Vaccinated’ people were not shedding a ‘live virus’ allegedly in ‘vaccines’ as before because the fake ‘Covid vaccines’ involve synthetic material and other toxicity. Doctors exposing what is happening prefer the term ‘transmission’ to shedding. Somehow those that have had the shots are transmi ing effects to those that haven’t. Dr Carrie Madej said the nano-content of the ‘vaccines’ can ‘act like an antenna’ to others around them which fits perfectly with my own conclusions. This ‘vaccine’ transmission phenomenon was becoming known as the book went into production and I deal with this further in the Postscript. Vaccine effects on sterility are well known. The World Health Organization was accused in 2014 of sterilising millions of women in Kenya with the evidence confirmed by the content of the vaccines involved. The same WHO behind the ‘Covid’ hoax admi ed its involvement for more than ten years with the vaccine programme. Other countries made similar claims. Charges were lodged by Tanzania, Nicaragua, Mexico, and the Philippines. The Gardasil vaccine claimed to protect against a genital ‘virus’ known as HPV has also been linked to infertility. Big Pharma and the WHO (same thing) are criminal and satanic entities. Then there’s the Bill Gates Foundation which is connected through funding and shared interests with 20 pharmaceutical giants and laboratories. He stands accused of directing the policy of United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), vaccine alliance GAVI, and other groupings, to advance the vaccine agenda and silence opposition at great cost to women and children. At the same time Gates wants to reduce the global population. Coincidence?

Great Reset = Smart Grid = new human

The Cult agenda I have been exposing for 30 years is now being openly promoted by Cult assets like Gates and Klaus Schwab of the World Economic Forum under code-terms like the ‘Great Reset’, ‘Build Back Be er’ and ‘a rare but narrow window of opportunity to reflect, reimagine, and reset our world’. What provided this ‘rare but narrow window of opportunity’? The ‘Covid’ hoax did. Who created that? They did. My books from not that long ago warned about the planned ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) and its implications for human freedom. This was the plan to connect all technology to the Internet and artificial intelligence and today we are way down that road with an estimated 36 billion devices connected to the World Wide Web and that figure is projected to be 76 billion by 2025. I further warned that the Cult planned to go beyond that to the Internet of Everything when the human brain was connected via AI to the Internet and Kurzweil’s ‘cloud’. Now we have Cult operatives like Schwab calling for precisely that under the term ‘Internet of Bodies’, a fusion of the physical, digital and biological into one centrally-controlled Smart Grid system which the Cult refers to as the ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution’. They talk about the ‘biological’, but they really mean the synthetic-biological which is required to fully integrate the human body and brain into the Smart Grid and artificial intelligence planned to replace the human mind. We have everything being synthetically manipulated including the natural world through GMO and smart dust, the food we eat and the human body itself with synthetic ‘vaccines’. I said in The Answer that we would see the Cult push for synthetic meat to replace animals and in February, 2021, the so predictable psychopath Bill Gates called for the introduction of synthetic meat to save us all from ‘climate change’. The climate hoax just keeps on giving like the ‘Covid’ hoax. The war on meat by vegan activists is a carbon (oops, sorry) copy of the manipulation of transgender activists. They have no idea (except their inner core) that they are being used to promote and impose the agenda of the Cult or that they are only the vehicle and not the reason. This is not to say those who choose not to eat meat shouldn’t be respected and supported in that right, but there are ulterior motives

for those in power. A Forbes article in December, 2019, highlighted the plan so beloved of Schwab and the Cult under the heading: ‘What Is The Internet of Bodies? And How Is It Changing Our World?’ The article said the human body is the latest data platform (remember ‘our vaccine is an operating system’). Forbes described the plan very accurately and the words could have come straight out of my books from long before: The Internet of Bodies (IoB) is an extension of the IoT and basically connects the human body to a network through devices that are ingested, implanted, or connected to the body in some way. Once connected, data can be exchanged, and the body and device can be remotely monitored and controlled.

They were really describing a human hive mind with human perception centrally-dictated via an AI connection as well as allowing people to be ‘remotely monitored and controlled’. Everything from a fridge to a human mind could be directed from a central point by these insane psychopaths and ‘Covid vaccines’ are crucial to this. Forbes explained the process I mentioned earlier of holdable and wearable technology followed by implantable. The article said there were three generations of the Internet of Bodies that include: • Body external: These are wearable devices such as Apple Watches or Fitbits that can monitor our health. • Body internal: These include pacemakers, cochlear implants, and digital pills that go inside our bodies to monitor or control various aspects of health. • Body embedded: The third generation of the Internet of Bodies is embedded technology where technology and the human body are melded together and have a real-time connection to a remote machine.

Forbes noted the development of the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) which merges the brain with an external device for monitoring and controlling in real-time. ‘The ultimate goal is to help restore function to individuals with disabilities by using brain signals rather than conventional neuromuscular pathways.’ Oh, do fuck off. The goal of brain interface technology is controlling human thought and emotion from the central point in a hive mind serving its masters wishes. Many people are now agreeing to be chipped to open doors without a key. You can recognise them because they’ll be wearing a mask, social distancing and lining up for the ‘vaccine’. The Cult plans a Great Reset money system a er they have completed the demolition of the global economy in which ‘money’ will be exchanged through communication with body operating systems. Rand Corporation, a Cult-owned think tank, said of the Internet of Bodies or IoB: Internet of Bodies technologies fall under the broader IoT umbrella. But as the name suggests, IoB devices introduce an even more intimate interplay between humans and gadgets. IoB devices monitor the human body, collect health metrics and other personal information, and transmit those data over the Internet. Many devices, such as fitness trackers, are already in use … IoB devices … and those in development can track, record, and store users’ whereabouts, bodily functions, and what they see, hear, and even think.

Schwab’s World Economic Forum, a long-winded way of saying ‘fascism’ or ‘the Cult’, has gone full-on with the Internet of Bodies in the ‘Covid’ era. ‘We’re entering the era of the Internet of Bodies’, it declared, ‘collecting our physical data via a range of devices that can be implanted, swallowed or worn’. The result would be a huge amount of health-related data that could improve human wellbeing around the world, and prove crucial in fighting the ‘Covid-19 pandemic’. Does anyone think these clowns care about ‘human wellbeing’ a er the death and devastation their pandemic hoax has purposely caused? Schwab and co say we should move forward with the Internet of Bodies because ‘Keeping track of symptoms could help us stop the spread of infection, and quickly detect new cases’. How wonderful, but keeping track’ is all they are really bothered

about. Researchers were investigating if data gathered from smartwatches and similar devices could be used as viral infection alerts by tracking the user’s heart rate and breathing. Schwab said in his 2018 book Shaping the Future of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: The lines between technologies and beings are becoming blurred and not just by the ability to create lifelike robots or synthetics. Instead it is about the ability of new technologies to literally become part of us. Technologies already influence how we understand ourselves, how we think about each other, and how we determine our realities. As the technologies … give us deeper access to parts of ourselves, we may begin to integrate digital technologies into our bodies.

You can see what the game is. Twenty-four hour control and people – if you could still call them that – would never know when something would go ping and take them out of circulation. It’s the most obvious rush to a global fascist dictatorship and the complete submission of humanity and yet still so many are locked away in their Cult-induced perceptual coma and can’t see it.

Smart Grid control centres The human body is being transformed by the ‘vaccines’ and in other ways into a synthetic cyborg that can be a ached to the global Smart Grid which would be controlled from a central point and other sublocations of Grid manipulation. Where are these planned to be? Well, China for a start which is one of the Cult’s biggest centres of operation. The technological control system and technocratic rule was incubated here to be unleashed across the world a er the ‘Covid’ hoax came out of China in 2020. Another Smart Grid location that will surprise people new to this is Israel. I have exposed in The Trigger how Sabbatian technocrats, intelligence and military operatives were behind the horrors of 9/11 and not `19 Arab hijackers’ who somehow manifested the ability to pilot big passenger airliners when instructors at puddle-jumping flying schools described some of them as a joke. The 9/11 a acks were made possible through control of civilian and military air computer systems and those of the White House, Pentagon and connected agencies. See The Trigger – it

will blow your mind. The controlling and coordinating force were the Sabbatian networks in Israel and the United States which by then had infiltrated the entire US government, military and intelligence system. The real name of the American Deep State is ‘Sabbatian State’. Israel is a tiny country of only nine million people, but it is one of the global centres of cyber operations and fast catching Silicon Valley in importance to the Cult. Israel is known as the ‘start-up nation’ for all the cyber companies spawned there with the Sabbatian specialisation of ‘cyber security’ that I mentioned earlier which gives those companies access to computer systems of their clients in real time through ‘backdoors’ wri en into the coding when security so ware is downloaded. The Sabbatian centre of cyber operations outside Silicon Valley is the Israeli military Cyber Intelligence Unit, the biggest infrastructure project in Israel’s history, headquartered in the desert-city of Beersheba and involving some 20,000 ‘cyber soldiers’. Here are located a literal army of Internet trolls scanning social media, forums and comment lists for anyone challenging the Cult agenda. The UK military has something similar with its 77th Brigade and associated operations. The Beersheba complex includes research and development centres for other Cult operations such as Intel, Microso , IBM, Google, Apple, Hewle Packard, Cisco Systems, Facebook and Motorola. Techcrunch.com ran an article about the Beersheba global Internet technology centre headlined ‘Israel’s desert city of Beersheba is turning into a cybertech oasis’: The military’s massive relocation of its prestigious technology units, the presence of multinational and local companies, a close proximity to Ben Gurion University and generous government subsidies are turning Beersheba into a major global cybertech hub. Beersheba has all of the ingredients of a vibrant security technology ecosystem, including Ben Gurion University with its graduate program in cybersecurity and Cyber Security Research Center, and the presence of companies such as EMC, Deutsche Telekom, PayPal, Oracle, IBM, and Lockheed Martin. It’s also the future home of the INCB (Israeli National Cyber Bureau); offers a special income tax incentive for cyber security companies, and was the site for the relocation of the army’s intelligence corps units.

Sabbatians have taken over the cyber world through the following process: They scan the schools for likely cyber talent and develop them at Ben Gurion University and their period of conscription in the Israeli Defense Forces when they are stationed at the Beersheba complex. When the cyber talented officially leave the army they are funded to start cyber companies with technology developed by themselves or given to them by the state. Much of this is stolen through backdoors of computer systems around the world with America top of the list. Others are sent off to Silicon Valley to start companies or join the major ones and so we have many major positions filled by apparently ‘Jewish’ but really Sabbatian operatives. Google, YouTube and Facebook are all run by ‘Jewish’ CEOs while Twi er is all but run by ultra-Zionist hedge-fund shark Paul Singer. At the centre of the Sabbatian global cyber web is the Israeli army’s Unit 8200 which specialises in hacking into computer systems of other countries, inserting viruses, gathering information, instigating malfunction, and even taking control of them from a distance. A long list of Sabbatians involved with 9/11, Silicon Valley and Israeli cyber security companies are operatives of Unit 8200. This is not about Israel. It’s about the Cult. Israel is planned to be a Smart Grid hub as with China and what is happening at Beersheba is not for the benefit of Jewish people who are treated disgustingly by the Sabbatian elite that control the country. A glance at the Nuremberg Codes will tell you that. The story is much bigger than ‘Covid’, important as that is to where we are being taken. Now, though, it’s time to really strap in. There’s more … much more …

CHAPTER ELEVEN Who controls the Cult? Awake, arise or be forever fall’n John Milton, Paradise Lost

I

have exposed this far the level of the Cult conspiracy that operates in the world of the seen and within the global secret society and satanic network which operates in the shadows one step back from the seen. The story, however, goes much deeper than that. The ‘Covid’ hoax is major part of the Cult agenda, but only part, and to grasp the biggest picture we have to expand our a ention beyond the realm of human sight and into the infinity of possibility that we cannot see. It is from here, ultimately, that humanity is being manipulated into a state of total control by the force which dictates the actions of the Cult. How much of reality can we see? Next to damn all is the answer. We may appear to see all there is to see in the ‘space’ our eyes survey and observe, but li le could be further from the truth. The human ‘world’ is only a tiny band of frequency that the body’s visual and perceptual systems can decode into perception of a ‘world’. According to mainstream science the electromagnetic spectrum is 0.005 percent of what exists in the Universe (Fig 10). The maximum estimate I have seen is 0.5 percent and either way it’s miniscule. I say it is far, far, smaller even than 0.005 percent when you compare reality we see with the totality of reality that we don’t. Now get this if you are new to such information: Visible light, the only band of frequency that we can see, is a fraction of the 0.005

percent (Fig 11 overleaf). Take this further and realise that our universe is one of infinite universes and that universes are only a fragment of overall reality – infinite reality. Then compare that with the almost infinitesimal frequency band of visible light or human sight. You see that humans are as near blind as it is possible to be without actually being so. Artist and filmmaker, Sergio Toporek, said:

Figure 10: Humans can perceive such a tiny band of visual reality it’s laughable.

Figure 11: We can see a smear of the 0.005 percent electromagnetic spectrum, but we still know it all. Yep, makes sense. Consider that you can see less than 1% of the electromagnetic spectrum and hear less than 1% of the acoustic spectrum. 90% of the cells in your body carry their own microbial DNA and are not ‘you’. The atoms in your body are 99.9999999999999999% empty space and none of them are the ones you were born with ... Human beings have 46 chromosomes, two less than a potato.

The existence of the rainbow depends on the conical photoreceptors in your eyes; to animals without cones, the rainbow does not exist. So you don’t just look at a rainbow, you create it. This is pretty amazing, especially considering that all the beautiful colours you see represent less than 1% of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Suddenly the ‘world’ of humans looks a very different place. Take into account, too, that Planet Earth when compared with the projected size of this single universe is the equivalent of a billionth of a pinhead. Imagine the ratio that would be when compared to infinite reality. To think that Christianity once insisted that Earth and humanity were the centre of everything. This background is vital if we are going to appreciate the nature of ‘human’ and how we can be manipulated by an unseen force. To human visual reality virtually everything is unseen and yet the prevailing perception within the institutions and so much of the public is that if we can’t see it, touch it, hear it, taste it and smell it then it cannot exist. Such perception is indoctrinated and encouraged by the Cult and its agents because it isolates believers in the strictly limited, village-idiot, realm of the five senses where perceptions can be firewalled and information controlled. Most of those perpetuating the ‘this-world-is-all-there-is’ insanity are themselves indoctrinated into believing the same delusion. While major players and influencers know that official reality is laughable most of those in science, academia and medicine really believe the nonsense they peddle and teach succeeding generations. Those who challenge the orthodoxy are dismissed as nu ers and freaks to protect the manufactured illusion from exposure. Observe the dynamic of the ‘Covid’ hoax and you will see how that takes the same form. The inner-circle psychopaths knows it’s a gigantic scam, but almost the entirety of those imposing their fascist rules believe that ‘Covid’ is all that they’re told it is.

Stolen identity Ask people who they are and they will give you their name, place of birth, location, job, family background and life story. Yet that is not who they are – it is what they are experiencing. The difference is absolutely crucial. The true ‘I’, the eternal, infinite ‘I’, is consciousness,

a state of being aware. Forget ‘form’. That is a vehicle for a brief experience. Consciousness does not come from the brain, but through the brain and even that is more symbolic than literal. We are awareness, pure awareness, and this is what withdraws from the body at what we call ‘death’ to continue our eternal beingness, isness, in other realms of reality within the limitlessness of infinity or the Biblical ‘many mansions in my father’s house’. Labels of a human life, man, woman, transgender, black, white, brown, nationality, circumstances and income are not who we are. They are what we are – awareness – is experiencing in a brief connection with a band of frequency we call ‘human’. The labels are not the self; they are, to use the title of one of my books, a Phantom Self. I am not David Icke born in Leicester, England, on April 29th, 1952. I am the consciousness having that experience. The Cult and its non-human masters seek to convince us through the institutions of ‘education’, science, medicine, media and government that what we are experiencing is who we are. It’s so easy to control and direct perception locked away in the bewildered illusions of the five senses with no expanded radar. Try, by contrast, doing the same with a humanity aware of its true self and its true power to consciously create its reality and experience. How is it possible to do this? We do it all day every day. If you perceive yourself as ‘li le me’ with no power to impact upon your life and the world then your life experience will reflect that. You will hand the power you don’t think you have to authority in all its forms which will use it to control your experience. This, in turn, will appear to confirm your perception of ‘li le me’ in a self-fulfilling feedback loop. But that is what ‘li le me’ really is – a perception. We are all ‘big-me’, infinite me, and the Cult has to make us forget that if its will is to prevail. We are therefore manipulated and pressured into self-identifying with human labels and not the consciousness/awareness experiencing those human labels. The phenomenon of identity politics is a Cult-instigated manipulation technique to sub-divide previous labels into even smaller ones. A United States university employs this list of le ers to

describe student identity: LGBTTQQFAGPBDSM or lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, transsexual, queer, questioning, flexual, asexual, gender-fuck, polyamorous, bondage/discipline, dominance/submission and sadism/masochism. I’m sure other lists are even longer by now as people feel the need to self-identity the ‘I’ with the minutiae of race and sexual preference. Wokers programmed by the Cult for generations believe this is about ‘inclusivity’ when it’s really the Cult locking them away into smaller and smaller versions of Phantom Self while firewalling them from the influence of their true self, the infinite, eternal ‘I’. You may notice that my philosophy which contends that we are all unique points of a ention/awareness within the same infinite whole or Oneness is the ultimate non-racism. The very sense of Oneness makes the judgement of people by their body-type, colour or sexuality u erly ridiculous and confirms that racism has no understanding of reality (including anti-white racism). Yet despite my perception of life Cult agents and fast-asleep Wokers label me racist to discredit my information while they are themselves phenomenally racist and sexist. All they see is race and sexuality and they judge people as good or bad, demons or untouchables, by their race and sexuality. All they see is Phantom Self and perceive themselves in terms of Phantom Self. They are pawns and puppets of the Cult agenda to focus a ention and self-identity in the five senses and play those identities against each other to divide and rule. Columbia University has introduced segregated graduations in another version of social distancing designed to drive people apart and teach them that different racial and cultural groups have nothing in common with each other. The last thing the Cult wants is unity. Again the pumpprimers of this will be Cult operatives in the knowledge of what they are doing, but the rest are just the Phantom Self blind leading the Phantom Self blind. We do have something in common – we are all the same consciousness having different temporary experiences.

What is this ‘human’?

Yes, what is ‘human’? That is what we are supposed to be, right? I mean ‘human’? True, but ‘human’ is the experience not the ‘I’. Break it down to basics and ‘human’ is the way that information is processed. If we are to experience and interact with this band of frequency we call the ‘world’ we must have a vehicle that operates within that band of frequency. Our consciousness in its prime form cannot do that; it is way beyond the frequency of the human realm. My consciousness or awareness could not tap these keys and pick up the cup in front of me in the same way that radio station A cannot interact with radio station B when they are on different frequencies. The human body is the means through which we have that interaction. I have long described the body as a biological computer which processes information in a way that allows consciousness to experience this reality. The body is a receiver, transmi er and processor of information in a particular way that we call human. We visually perceive only the world of the five senses in a wakened state – that is the limit of the body’s visual decoding system. In truth it’s not even visual in the way we experience ‘visual reality’ as I will come to in a moment. We are ‘human’ because the body processes the information sources of human into a reality and behaviour system that we perceive as human. Why does an elephant act like an elephant and not like a human or a duck? The elephant’s biological computer is a different information field and processes information according to that program into a visual and behaviour type we call an elephant. The same applies to everything in our reality. These body information fields are perpetuated through procreation (like making a copy of a so ware program). The Cult wants to break that cycle and intervene technologically to transform the human information field into one that will change what we call humanity. If it can change the human information field it will change the way that field processes information and change humanity both ‘physically’ and psychologically. Hence the messenger (information) RNA ‘vaccines’ and so much more that is targeting human genetics by changing the body’s information – messaging – construct through food, drink, radiation, toxicity and other means.

Reality that we experience is nothing like reality as it really is in the same way that the reality people experience in virtual reality games is not the reality they are really living in. The game is only a decoded source of information that appears to be a reality. Our world is also an information construct – a simulation (more later). In its base form our reality is a wavefield of information much the same in theme as Wi-Fi. The five senses decode wavefield information into electrical information which they communicate to the brain to decode into holographic (illusory ‘physical’) information. Different parts of the brain specialise in decoding different senses and the information is fused into a reality that appears to be outside of us but is really inside the brain and the genetic structure in general (Fig 12 overleaf). DNA is a receiver-transmi er of information and a vital part of this decoding process and the body’s connection to other realities. Change DNA and you change the way we decode and connect with reality – see ‘Covid vaccines’. Think of computers decoding Wi-Fi. You have information encoded in a radiation field and the computer decodes that information into a very different form on the screen. You can’t see the Wi-Fi until its information is made manifest on the screen and the information on the screen is inside the computer and not outside. I have just described how we decode the ‘human world’. All five senses decode the waveform ‘WiFi’ field into electrical signals and the brain (computer) constructs reality inside the brain and not outside – ‘You don’t just look at a rainbow, you create it’. Sound is a simple example. We don’t hear sound until the brain decodes it. Waveform sound waves are picked up by the hearing sense and communicated to the brain in an electrical form to be decoded into the sounds that we hear. Everything we hear is inside the brain along with everything we see, feel, smell and taste. Words and language are waveform fields generated by our vocal chords which pass through this process until they are decoded by the brain into words that we hear. Different languages are different frequency fields or sound waves generated by vocal chords. Late British philosopher Alan Wa s said:

Figure 12: The brain receives information from the five senses and constructs from that our perceived reality. [Without the brain] the world is devoid of light, heat, weight, solidity, motion, space, time or any other imaginable feature. All these phenomena are interactions, or transactions, of vibrations with a certain arrangement of neurons.

That’s exactly what they are and scientist Robert Lanza describes in his book, Biocentrism, how we decode electromagnetic waves and energy into visual and ‘physical’ experience. He uses the example of a flame emi ing photons, electromagnetic energy, each pulsing electrically and magnetically: … these … invisible electromagnetic waves strike a human retina, and if (and only if) the waves happen to measure between 400 and 700 nano meters in length from crest to crest, then their energy is just right to deliver a stimulus to the 8 million cone-shaped cells in the retina. Each in turn send an electrical pulse to a neighbour neuron, and on up the line this goes, at 250 mph, until it reaches the … occipital lobe of the brain, in the back of the head. There, a cascading complex of neurons fire from the incoming stimuli, and we subjectively perceive this experience as a yellow brightness occurring in a place we have been conditioned to call the ‘external world’.

You hear what you decode

If a tree falls or a building collapses they make no noise unless someone is there to decode the energetic waves generated by the disturbance into what we call sound. Does a falling tree make a noise? Only if you hear it – decode it. Everything in our reality is a frequency field of information operating within the overall ‘Wi-Fi’ field that I call The Field. A vibrational disturbance is generated in The Field by the fields of the falling tree or building. These disturbance waves are what we decode into the sound of them falling. If no one is there to do that then neither will make any noise. Reality is created by the observer – decoder – and the perceptions of the observer affect the decoding process. For this reason different people – different perceptions – will perceive the same reality or situation in a different way. What one may perceive as a nightmare another will see as an opportunity. The question of why the Cult is so focused on controlling human perception now answers itself. All experienced reality is the act of decoding and we don’t experience Wi-Fi until it is decoded on the computer screen. The sight and sound of an Internet video is encoded in the Wi-Fi all around us, but we don’t see or hear it until the computer decodes that information. Taste, smell and touch are all phenomena of the brain as a result of the same process. We don’t taste, smell or feel anything except in the brain and there are pain relief techniques that seek to block the signal from the site of discomfort to the brain because if the brain doesn’t decode that signal we don’t feel pain. Pain is in the brain and only appears to be at the point of impact thanks to the feedback loop between them. We don’t see anything until electrical information from the sight senses is decoded in an area at the back of the brain. If that area is damaged we can go blind when our eyes are perfectly okay. So why do we go blind if we damage an eye? We damage the information processing between the waveform visual information and the visual decoding area of the brain. If information doesn’t reach the brain in a form it can decode then we can’t see the visual reality that it represents. What’s more the brain is decoding only a fraction of the information it receives and the rest is absorbed by the

sub-conscious mind. This explanation is from the science magazine, Wonderpedia: Every second, 11 million sensations crackle along these [brain] pathways ... The brain is confronted with an alarming array of images, sounds and smells which it rigorously filters down until it is left with a manageable list of around 40. Thus 40 sensations per second make up what we perceive as reality.

The ‘world’ is not what people are told to believe that is it and the inner circles of the Cult know that.

Illusory ‘physical’ reality We can only see a smear of 0.005 percent of the Universe which is only one of a vast array of universes – ‘mansions’ – within infinite reality. Even then the brain decodes only 40 pieces of information (‘sensations’) from a potential 11 million that we receive every second. Two points strike you from this immediately: The sheer breathtaking stupidity of believing we know anything so rigidly that there’s nothing more to know; and the potential for these processes to be manipulated by a malevolent force to control the reality of the population. One thing I can say for sure with no risk of contradiction is that when you can perceive an almost indescribable fraction of infinite reality there is always more to know as in tidal waves of it. Ancient Greek philosopher Socrates was so right when he said that wisdom is to know how li le we know. How obviously true that is when you think that we are experiencing a physical world of solidity that is neither physical nor solid and a world of apartness when everything is connected. Cult-controlled ‘science’ dismisses the socalled ‘paranormal’ and all phenomena related to that when the ‘para’-normal is perfectly normal and explains the alleged ‘great mysteries’ which dumbfound scientific minds. There is a reason for this. A ‘scientific mind’ in terms of the mainstream is a material mind, a five-sense mind imprisoned in see it, touch it, hear it, smell it and taste it. Phenomena and happenings that can’t be explained that way leave the ‘scientific mind’ bewildered and the rule is that if they

can’t account for why something is happening then it can’t, by definition, be happening. I beg to differ. Telepathy is thought waves passing through The Field (think wave disturbance again) to be decoded by someone able to connect with that wavelength (information). For example: You can pick up the thought waves of a friend at any distance and at the very least that will bring them to mind. A few minutes later the friend calls you. ‘My god’, you say, ‘that’s incredible – I was just thinking of you.’ Ah, but they were thinking of you before they made the call and that’s what you decoded. Native peoples not entrapped in five-sense reality do this so well it became known as the ‘bush telegraph’. Those known as psychics and mediums (genuine ones) are doing the same only across dimensions of reality. ‘Mind over ma er’ comes from the fact that ma er and mind are the same. The state of one influences the state of the other. Indeed one and the other are illusions. They are aspects of the same field. Paranormal phenomena are all explainable so why are they still considered ‘mysteries’ or not happening? Once you go down this road of understanding you begin to expand awareness beyond the five senses and that’s the nightmare for the Cult.

Figure 13: Holograms are not solid, but the best ones appear to be.

Figure 14: How holograms are created by capturing a waveform version of the subject image.

Holographic ‘solidity’ Our reality is not solid, it is holographic. We are now well aware of holograms which are widely used today. Two-dimensional information is decoded into a three-dimensional reality that is not solid although can very much appear to be (Fig 13). Holograms are created with a laser divided into two parts. One goes directly onto a holographic photographic print (‘reference beam’) and the other takes a waveform image of the subject (‘working beam’) before being directed onto the print where it ‘collides’ with the other half of the laser (Fig 14). This creates a waveform interference pa ern which contains the wavefield information of whatever is being photographed (Fig 15 overleaf). The process can be likened to dropping pebbles in a pond. Waves generated by each one spread out across the water to collide with the others and create a wave representation of where the stones fell and at what speed, weight and distance. A waveform interference pa ern of a hologram is akin to the waveform information in The Field which the five senses decode into electrical signals to be decoded by the brain into a holographic illusory ‘physical’ reality. In the same way when a laser (think human a ention) is directed at the waveform interference pa ern a three-dimensional version of the subject is projected into apparently ‘solid’ reality (Fig 16). An amazing trait of holograms reveals more ‘paranormal mysteries’. Information of the whole

hologram is encoded in waveform in every part of the interference pa ern by the way they are created. This means that every part of a hologram is a smaller version of the whole. Cut the interference wave-pa ern into four and you won’t get four parts of the image. You get quarter-sized versions of the whole image. The body is a hologram and the same applies. Here we have the basis of acupuncture, reflexology and other forms of healing which identify representations of the whole body in all of the parts, hands, feet, ears, everywhere. Skilled palm readers can do what they do because the information of whole body is encoded in the hand. The concept of as above, so below, comes from this.

Figure 15: A waveform interference pattern that holds the information that transforms into a hologram.

Figure 16: Holographic people including ‘Elvis’ holographically inserted to sing a duet with Celine Dion.

The question will be asked of why, if solidity is illusory, we can’t just walk through walls and each other. The resistance is not solid against solid; it is electromagnetic field against electromagnetic field and we decode this into the experience of solid against solid. We should also not underestimate the power of belief to dictate reality. What you believe is impossible will be. Your belief impacts on your decoding processes and they won’t decode what you think is impossible. What we believe we perceive and what we perceive we experience. ‘Can’t dos’ and ‘impossibles’ are like a firewall in a computer system that won’t put on the screen what the firewall blocks. How vital that is to understanding how human experience has been hijacked. I explain in The Answer, Everything You Need To Know But Have Never Been Told and other books a long list of ‘mysteries’ and ‘paranormal’ phenomena that are not mysterious and perfectly normal once you realise what reality is and how it works. ‘Ghosts’ can be seen to pass through ‘solid’ walls because the walls are not solid and the ghost is a discarnate entity operating on a frequency so different to that of the wall that it’s like two radio stations sharing the same space while never interfering with each other. I have seen ghosts do this myself. The apartness of people and objects is also an illusion. Everything is connected by the Field like all sea life is connected by the sea. It’s just that within the limits of our visual reality we only ‘see’ holographic information and not the field of information that connects everything and from which the holographic world is made manifest. If you can only see holographic ‘objects’ and not the field that connects them they will appear to you as unconnected to each other in the same way that we see the computer while not seeing the Wi-Fi.

What you don’t know

can

hurt you

Okay, we return to those ‘two worlds’ of human society and the Cult with its global network of interconnecting secret societies and satanic groups which manipulate through governments, corporations, media, religions, etc. The fundamental difference between them is knowledge. The idea has been to keep humanity

ignorant of the plan for its total enslavement underpinned by a crucial ignorance of reality – who we are and where we are – and how we interact with it. ‘Human’ should be the interaction between our expanded eternal consciousness and the five-sense body experience. We are meant to be in this world in terms of the five senses but not of this world in relation to our greater consciousness and perspective. In that state we experience the small picture of the five senses within the wider context of the big picture of awareness beyond the five senses. Put another way the five senses see the dots and expanded awareness connects them into pictures and pa erns that give context to the apparently random and unconnected. Without the context of expanded awareness the five senses see only apartness and randomness with apparently no meaning. The Cult and its other-dimensional controllers seek to intervene in the frequency realm where five-sense reality is supposed to connect with expanded reality and to keep the two apart (more on this in the final chapter). When that happens five-sense mental and emotional processes are no longer influenced by expanded awareness, or the True ‘I’, and instead are driven by the isolated perceptions of the body’s decoding systems. They are in the world and of it. Here we have the human plight and why humanity with its potential for infinite awareness can be so easily manipulatable and descend into such extremes of stupidity. Once the Cult isolates five-sense mind from expanded awareness it can then program the mind with perceptions and beliefs by controlling information that the mind receives through the ‘education’ system of the formative years and the media perceptual bombardment and censorship of an entire lifetime. Limit perception and a sense of the possible through limiting knowledge by limiting and skewing information while censoring and discrediting that which could set people free. As the title of another of my books says … And The Truth Shall Set You Free. For this reason the last thing the Cult wants in circulation is the truth about anything – especially the reality of the eternal ‘I’ – and that’s why it is desperate to control information. The Cult knows that information becomes perception

which becomes behaviour which, collectively, becomes human society. Cult-controlled and funded mainstream ‘science’ denies the existence of an eternal ‘I’ and seeks to dismiss and trash all evidence to the contrary. Cult-controlled mainstream religion has a version of ‘God’ that is li le more than a system of control and dictatorship that employs threats of damnation in an a erlife to control perceptions and behaviour in the here and now through fear and guilt. Neither is true and it’s the ‘neither’ that the Cult wishes to suppress. This ‘neither’ is that everything is an expression, a point of a ention, within an infinite state of consciousness which is the real meaning of the term ‘God’. Perceptual obsession with the ‘physical body’ and five-senses means that ‘God’ becomes personified as a bearded bloke si ing among the clouds or a raging bully who loves us if we do what ‘he’ wants and condemns us to the fires of hell if we don’t. These are no more than a ‘spiritual’ fairy tales to control and dictate events and behaviour through fear of this ‘God’ which has bizarrely made ‘Godfearing’ in religious circles a state to be desired. I would suggest that fearing anything is not to be encouraged and celebrated, but rather deleted. You can see why ‘God fearing’ is so beneficial to the Cult and its religions when they decide what ‘God’ wants and what ‘God’ demands (the Cult demands) that everyone do. As the great American comedian Bill Hicks said satirising a Christian zealot: ‘I think what God meant to say.’ How much of this infinite awareness (‘God’) that we access is decided by how far we choose to expand our perceptions, self-identity and sense of the possible. The scale of self-identity reflects itself in the scale of awareness that we can connect with and are influenced by – how much knowing and insight we have instead of programmed perception. You cannot expand your awareness into the infinity of possibility when you believe that you are li le me Peter the postman or Mary in marketing and nothing more. I’ll deal with this in the concluding chapter because it’s crucial to how we turnaround current events.

Where the Cult came from

When I realised in the early 1990s there was a Cult network behind global events I asked the obvious question: When did it start? I took it back to ancient Rome and Egypt and on to Babylon and Sumer in Mesopotamia, the ‘Land Between Two Rivers’, in what we now call Iraq. The two rivers are the Tigris and Euphrates and this region is of immense historical and other importance to the Cult, as is the land called Israel only 550 miles away by air. There is much more going with deep esoteric meaning across this whole region. It’s not only about ‘wars for oil’. Priceless artefacts from Mesopotamia were stolen or destroyed a er the American and British invasion of Iraq in 2003 justified by the lies of Boy Bush and Tony Blair (their Cult masters) about non-existent ‘weapons of mass destruction’. Mesopotamia was the location of Sumer (about 5,400BC to 1,750BC), and Babylon (about 2,350BC to 539BC). Sabbatians may have become immensely influential in the Cult in modern times but they are part of a network that goes back into the mists of history. Sumer is said by historians to be the ‘cradle of civilisation’. I disagree. I say it was the re-start of what we call human civilisation a er cataclysmic events symbolised in part as the ‘Great Flood’ destroyed the world that existed before. These fantastic upheavals that I have been describing in detail in the books since the early1990s appear in accounts and legends of ancient cultures across the world and they are supported by geological and biological evidence. Stone tablets found in Iraq detailing the Sumer period say the cataclysms were caused by nonhuman ‘gods’ they call the Anunnaki. These are described in terms of extraterrestrial visitations in which knowledge supplied by the Anunnaki is said to have been the source of at least one of the world’s oldest writing systems and developments in astronomy, mathematics and architecture that were way ahead of their time. I have covered this subject at length in The Biggest Secret and Children of the Matrix and the same basic ‘Anunnaki’ story can be found in Zulu accounts in South Africa where the late and very great Zulu high shaman Credo Mutwa told me that the Sumerian Anunnaki were known by Zulus as the Chitauri or ‘children of the serpent’. See my six-hour video interview with Credo on this subject entitled The

Reptilian Agenda recorded at his then home near Johannesburg in 1999 which you can watch on the Ickonic media platform. The Cult emerged out of Sumer, Babylon and Egypt (and elsewhere) and established the Roman Empire before expanding with the Romans into northern Europe from where many empires were savagely imposed in the form of Cult-controlled societies all over the world. Mass death and destruction was their calling card. The Cult established its centre of operations in Europe and European Empires were Cult empires which allowed it to expand into a global force. Spanish and Portuguese colonialists headed for Central and South America while the British and French targeted North America. Africa was colonised by Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Italy, and Germany. Some like Britain and France moved in on the Middle East. The British Empire was by far the biggest for a simple reason. By now Britain was the headquarters of the Cult from which it expanded to form Canada, the United States, Australia and New Zealand. The Sun never set on the British Empire such was the scale of its occupation. London remains a global centre for the Cult along with Rome and the Vatican although others have emerged in Israel and China. It is no accident that the ‘virus’ is alleged to have come out of China while Italy was chosen as the means to terrify the Western population into compliance with ‘Covid’ fascism. Nor that Israel has led the world in ‘Covid’ fascism and mass ‘vaccination’. You would think that I would mention the United States here, but while it has been an important means of imposing the Cult’s will it is less significant than would appear and is currently in the process of having what power it does have deleted. The Cult in Europe has mostly loaded the guns for the US to fire. America has been controlled from Europe from the start through Cult operatives in Britain and Europe. The American Revolution was an illusion to make it appear that America was governing itself while very different forces were pulling the strings in the form of Cult families such as the Rothschilds through the Rockefellers and other subordinates. The Rockefellers are extremely close to Bill Gates and

established both scalpel and drug ‘medicine’ and the World Health Organization. They play a major role in the development and circulation of vaccines through the Rockefeller Foundation on which Bill Gates said his Foundation is based. Why wouldn’t this be the case when the Rockefellers and Gates are on the same team? Cult infiltration of human society goes way back into what we call history and has been constantly expanding and centralising power with the goal of establishing a global structure to dictate everything. Look how this has been advanced in great leaps with the ‘Covid’ hoax.

The non-human dimension I researched and observed the comings and goings of Cult operatives through the centuries and even thousands of years as they were born, worked to promote the agenda within the secret society and satanic networks, and then died for others to replace them. Clearly there had to be a coordinating force that spanned this entire period while operatives who would not have seen the end goal in their lifetimes came and went advancing the plan over millennia. I went in search of that coordinating force with the usual support from the extraordinary synchronicity of my life which has been an almost daily experience since 1990. I saw common themes in religious texts and ancient cultures about a non-human force manipulating human society from the hidden. Christianity calls this force Satan, the Devil and demons; Islam refers to the Jinn or Djinn; Zulus have their Chitauri (spelt in other ways in different parts of Africa); and the Gnostic people in Egypt in the period around and before 400AD referred to this phenomena as the ‘Archons’, a word meaning rulers in Greek. Central American cultures speak of the ‘Predators’ among other names and the same theme is everywhere. I will use ‘Archons’ as a collective name for all of them. When you see how their nature and behaviour is described all these different sources are clearly talking about the same force. Gnostics described the Archons in terms of ‘luminous fire’ while Islam relates the Jinn to ‘smokeless fire’. Some refer to beings in form that could occasionally be seen, but the most common of common theme is that they operate from

unseen realms which means almost all existence to the visual processes of humans. I had concluded that this was indeed the foundation of human control and that the Cult was operating within the human frequency band on behalf of this hidden force when I came across the writings of Gnostics which supported my conclusions in the most extraordinary way. A sealed earthen jar was found in 1945 near the town of Nag Hammadi about 75-80 miles north of Luxor on the banks of the River Nile in Egypt. Inside was a treasure trove of manuscripts and texts le by the Gnostic people some 1,600 years earlier. They included 13 leather-bound papyrus codices (manuscripts) and more than 50 texts wri en in Coptic Egyptian estimated to have been hidden in the jar in the period of 400AD although the source of the information goes back much further. Gnostics oversaw the Great or Royal Library of Alexandria, the fantastic depository of ancient texts detailing advanced knowledge and accounts of human history. The Library was dismantled and destroyed in stages over a long period with the death-blow delivered by the Cult-established Roman Church in the period around 415AD. The Church of Rome was the Church of Babylon relocated as I said earlier. Gnostics were not a race. They were a way of perceiving reality. Whenever they established themselves and their information circulated the terrorists of the Church of Rome would target them for destruction. This happened with the Great Library and with the Gnostic Cathars who were burned to death by the psychopaths a er a long period of oppression at the siege of the Castle of Monségur in southern France in 1244. The Church has always been terrified of Gnostic information which demolishes the official Christian narrative although there is much in the Bible that supports the Gnostic view if you read it in another way. To anyone studying the texts of what became known as the Nag Hammadi Library it is clear that great swathes of Christian and Biblical belief has its origin with Gnostics sources going back to Sumer. Gnostic themes have been twisted to manipulate the perceived reality of Bible believers. Biblical texts have been in the open for centuries where they could be changed while Gnostic

documents found at Nag Hammadi were sealed away and untouched for 1,600 years. What you see is what they wrote.

Use your

pneuma

not your

nous

Gnosticism and Gnostic come from ‘gnosis’ which means knowledge, or rather secret knowledge, in the sense of spiritual awareness – knowledge about reality and life itself. The desperation of the Cult’s Church of Rome to destroy the Gnostics can be understood when the knowledge they were circulating was the last thing the Cult wanted the population to know. Sixteen hundred years later the same Cult is working hard to undermine and silence me for the same reason. The dynamic between knowledge and ignorance is a constant. ‘Time’ appears to move on, but essential themes remain the same. We are told to ‘use your nous’, a Gnostic word for head/brain/intelligence. They said, however, that spiritual awakening or ‘salvation’ could only be secured by expanding awareness beyond what they called nous and into pneuma or Infinite Self. Obviously as I read these texts the parallels with what I have been saying since 1990 were fascinating to me. There is a universal truth that spans human history and in that case why wouldn’t we be talking the same language 16 centuries apart? When you free yourself from the perception program of the five senses and explore expanded realms of consciousness you are going to connect with the same information no ma er what the perceived ‘era’ within a manufactured timeline of a single and tiny range of manipulated frequency. Humans working with ‘smart’ technology or knocking rocks together in caves is only a timeline appearing to operate within the human frequency band. Expanded awareness and the knowledge it holds have always been there whether the era be Stone Age or computer age. We can only access that knowledge by opening ourselves to its frequency which the five-sense prison cell is designed to stop us doing. Gates, Fauci, Whi y, Vallance, Zuckerberg, Brin, Page, Wojcicki, Bezos, and all the others behind the ‘Covid’ hoax clearly have a long wait before their range of frequency can make that connection given that an open heart is

crucial to that as we shall see. Instead of accessing knowledge directly through expanded awareness it is given to Cult operatives by the secret society networks of the Cult where it has been passed on over thousands of years outside the public arena. Expanded realms of consciousness is where great artists, composers and writers find their inspiration and where truth awaits anyone open enough to connect with it. We need to go there fast.

Archon hijack A fi h of the Nag Hammadi texts describe the existence and manipulation of the Archons led by a ‘Chief Archon’ they call ‘Yaldabaoth’, or the ‘Demiurge’, and this is the Christian ‘Devil’, ‘Satan’, ‘Lucifer’, and his demons. Archons in Biblical symbolism are the ‘fallen ones’ which are also referred to as fallen angels a er the angels expelled from heaven according to the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. These angels are claimed to tempt humans to ‘sin’ ongoing and you will see how accurate that symbolism is during the rest of the book. The theme of ‘original sin’ is related to the ‘Fall’ when Adam and Eve were ‘tempted by the serpent’ and fell from a state of innocence and ‘obedience’ (connection) with God into a state of disobedience (disconnection). The Fall is said to have brought sin into the world and corrupted everything including human nature. Yaldabaoth, the ‘Lord Archon’, is described by Gnostics as a ‘counterfeit spirit’, ‘The Blind One’, ‘The Blind God’, and ‘The Foolish One’. The Jewish name for Yaldabaoth in Talmudic writings is Samael which translates as ‘Poison of God’, or ‘Blindness of God’. You see the parallels. Yaldabaoth in Islamic belief is the Muslim Jinn devil known as Shaytan – Shaytan is Satan as the same themes are found all over the world in every religion and culture. The ‘Lord God’ of the Old Testament is the ‘Lord Archon’ of Gnostic manuscripts and that’s why he’s such a bloodthirsty bastard. Satan is known by Christians as ‘the Demon of Demons’ and Gnostics called Yaldabaoth the ‘Archon of Archons’. Both are known as ‘The Deceiver’. We are talking about the same ‘bloke’ for sure and these common themes

using different names, storylines and symbolism tell a common tale of the human plight. Archons are referred to in Nag Hammadi documents as mind parasites, inverters, guards, gatekeepers, detainers, judges, pitiless ones and deceivers. The ‘Covid’ hoax alone is a glaring example of all these things. The Biblical ‘God’ is so different in the Old and New Testaments because they are not describing the same phenomenon. The vindictive, angry, hate-filled, ‘God’ of the Old Testament, known as Yahweh, is Yaldabaoth who is depicted in Cult-dictated popular culture as the ‘Dark Lord’, ‘Lord of Time’, Lord (Darth) Vader and Dormammu, the evil ruler of the ‘Dark Dimension’ trying to take over the ‘Earth Dimension’ in the Marvel comic movie, Dr Strange. Yaldabaoth is both the Old Testament ‘god’ and the Biblical ‘Satan’. Gnostics referred to Yaldabaoth as the ‘Great Architect of the Universe’and the Cult-controlled Freemason network calls their god ‘the ‘Great Architect of the Universe’ (also Grand Architect). The ‘Great Architect’ Yaldabaoth is symbolised by the Cult as the allseeing eye at the top of the pyramid on the Great Seal of the United States and the dollar bill. Archon is encoded in arch-itect as it is in arch-angels and arch-bishops. All religions have the theme of a force for good and force for evil in some sort of spiritual war and there is a reason for that – the theme is true. The Cult and its non-human masters are quite happy for this to circulate. They present themselves as the force for good fighting evil when they are really the force of evil (absence of love). The whole foundation of Cult modus operandi is inversion. They promote themselves as a force for good and anyone challenging them in pursuit of peace, love, fairness, truth and justice is condemned as a satanic force for evil. This has been the game plan throughout history whether the Church of Rome inquisitions of non-believers or ‘conspiracy theorists’ and ‘anti-vaxxers’ of today. The technique is the same whatever the timeline era.

Yaldabaoth is revolting (true)

Yaldabaoth and the Archons are said to have revolted against God with Yaldabaoth claiming to be God – the All That Is. The Old Testament ‘God’ (Yaldabaoth) demanded to be worshipped as such: ‘ I am the LORD, and there is none else, there is no God beside me’ (Isaiah 45:5). I have quoted in other books a man who said he was the unofficial son of the late Baron Philippe de Rothschild of the Mouton-Rothschild wine producing estates in France who died in 1988 and he told me about the Rothschild ‘revolt from God’. The man said he was given the name Phillip Eugene de Rothschild and we shared long correspondence many years ago while he was living under another identity. He said that he was conceived through ‘occult incest’ which (within the Cult) was ‘normal and to be admired’. ‘Phillip’ told me about his experience a ending satanic rituals with rich and famous people whom he names and you can see them and the wider background to Cult Satanism in my other books starting with The Biggest Secret. Cult rituals are interactions with Archontic ‘gods’. ‘Phillip’ described Baron Philippe de Rothschild as ‘a master Satanist and hater of God’ and he used the same term ‘revolt from God’ associated with Yaldabaoth/Satan/Lucifer/the Devil in describing the Sabbatian Rothschild dynasty. ‘I played a key role in my family’s revolt from God’, he said. That role was to infiltrate in classic Sabbatian style the Christian Church, but eventually he escaped the mind-prison to live another life. The Cult has been targeting religion in a plan to make worship of the Archons the global one-world religion. Infiltration of Satanism into modern ‘culture’, especially among the young, through music videos, stage shows and other means, is all part of this. Nag Hammadi texts describe Yaldabaoth and the Archons in their prime form as energy – consciousness – and say they can take form if they choose in the same way that consciousness takes form as a human. Yaldabaoth is called ‘formless’ and represents a deeply inverted, distorted and chaotic state of consciousness which seeks to a ached to humans and turn them into a likeness of itself in an a empt at assimilation. For that to happen it has to manipulate

humans into low frequency mental and emotional states that match its own. Archons can certainly appear in human form and this is the origin of the psychopathic personality. The energetic distortion Gnostics called Yaldabaoth is psychopathy. When psychopathic Archons take human form that human will be a psychopath as an expression of Yaldabaoth consciousness. Cult psychopaths are Archons in human form. The principle is the same as that portrayed in the 2009 Avatar movie when the American military travelled to a fictional Earth-like moon called Pandora in the Alpha Centauri star system to infiltrate a society of blue people, or Na’vi, by hiding within bodies that looked like the Na’vi. Archons posing as humans have a particular hybrid information field, part human, part Archon, (the ancient ‘demigods’) which processes information in a way that manifests behaviour to match their psychopathic evil, lack of empathy and compassion, and stops them being influenced by the empathy, compassion and love that a fully-human information field is capable of expressing. Cult bloodlines interbreed, be they royalty or dark suits, for this reason and you have their obsession with incest. Interbreeding with full-blown humans would dilute the Archontic energy field that guarantees psychopathy in its representatives in the human realm. Gnostic writings say the main non-human forms that Archons take are serpentine (what I have called for decades ‘reptilian’ amid unbounded ridicule from the Archontically-programmed) and what Gnostics describe as ‘an unborn baby or foetus with grey skin and dark, unmoving eyes’. This is an excellent representation of the ET ‘Greys’ of UFO folklore which large numbers of people claim to have seen and been abducted by – Zulu shaman Credo Mutwa among them. I agree with those that believe in extraterrestrial or interdimensional visitations today and for thousands of years past. No wonder with their advanced knowledge and technological capability they were perceived and worshipped as gods for technological and other ‘miracles’ they appeared to perform. Imagine someone arriving in a culture disconnected from the modern world with a smartphone and computer. They would be

seen as a ‘god’ capable of ‘miracles’. The Renegade Mind, however, wants to know the source of everything and not only the way that source manifests as human or non-human. In the same way that a Renegade Mind seeks the original source material for the ‘Covid virus’ to see if what is claimed is true. The original source of Archons in form is consciousness – the distorted state of consciousness known to Gnostics as Yaldabaoth.

‘Revolt from God’ is energetic disconnection Where I am going next will make a lot of sense of religious texts and ancient legends relating to ‘Satan’, Lucifer’ and the ‘gods’. Gnostic descriptions sync perfectly with the themes of my own research over the years in how they describe a consciousness distortion seeking to impose itself on human consciousness. I’ve referred to the core of infinite awareness in previous books as Infinite Awareness in Awareness of Itself. By that I mean a level of awareness that knows that it is all awareness and is aware of all awareness. From here comes the frequency of love in its true sense and balance which is what love is on one level – the balance of all forces into a single whole called Oneness and Isness. The more we disconnect from this state of love that many call ‘God’ the constituent parts of that Oneness start to unravel and express themselves as a part and not a whole. They become individualised as intellect, mind, selfishness, hatred, envy, desire for power over others, and such like. This is not a problem in the greater scheme in that ‘God’, the All That Is, can experience all these possibilities through different expressions of itself including humans. What we as expressions of the whole experience the All That Is experiences. We are the All That Is experiencing itself. As we withdraw from that state of Oneness we disconnect from its influence and things can get very unpleasant and very stupid. Archontic consciousness is at the extreme end of that. It has so disconnected from the influence of Oneness that it has become an inversion of unity and love, an inversion of everything, an inversion of life itself. Evil is appropriately live wri en backwards. Archontic consciousness is obsessed with death, an inversion of life,

and so its manifestations in Satanism are obsessed with death. They use inverted symbols in their rituals such as the inverted pentagram and cross. Sabbatians as Archontic consciousness incarnate invert Judaism and every other religion and culture they infiltrate. They seek disunity and chaos and they fear unity and harmony as they fear love like garlic to a vampire. As a result the Cult, Archons incarnate, act with such evil, psychopathy and lack of empathy and compassion disconnected as they are from the source of love. How could Bill Gates and the rest of the Archontic psychopaths do what they have to human society in the ‘Covid’ era with all the death, suffering and destruction involved and have no emotional consequence for the impact on others? Now you know. Why have Zuckerberg, Brin, Page, Wojcicki and company callously censored information warning about the dangers of the ‘vaccine’ while thousands have been dying and having severe, sometimes lifechanging reactions? Now you know. Why have Tedros, Fauci, Whi y, Vallance and their like around the world been using case and death figures they’re aware are fraudulent to justify lockdowns and all the deaths and destroyed lives that have come from that? Now you know. Why did Christian Drosten produce and promote a ‘testing’ protocol that he knew couldn’t test for infectious disease which led to a global human catastrophe. Now you know. The Archontic mind doesn’t give a shit (Fig 17). I personally think that Gates and major Cult insiders are a form of AI cyborg that the Archons want humans to become.

Figure 17: Artist Neil Hague’s version of the ‘Covid’ hierarchy.

Human batteries A state of such inversion does have its consequences, however. The level of disconnection from the Source of All means that you withdraw from that source of energetic sustenance and creativity. This means that you have to find your own supply of energetic power and it has – us. When the Morpheus character in the first Matrix movie held up a ba ery he spoke a profound truth when he said: ‘The Matrix is a computer-generated dream world built to keep us under control in order to change the human being into one of

these.’ The statement was true in all respects. We do live in a technologically-generated virtual reality simulation (more very shortly) and we have been manipulated to be an energy source for Archontic consciousness. The Disney-Pixar animated movie Monsters, Inc. in 2001 symbolised the dynamic when monsters in their world had no energy source and they would enter the human world to terrify children in their beds, catch the child’s scream, terror (low-vibrational frequencies), and take that energy back to power the monster world. The lead character you might remember was a single giant eye and the symbolism of the Cult’s all-seeing eye was obvious. Every thought and emotion is broadcast as a frequency unique to that thought and emotion. Feelings of love and joy, empathy and compassion, are high, quick, frequencies while fear, depression, anxiety, suffering and hate are low, slow, dense frequencies. Which kind do you think Archontic consciousness can connect with and absorb? In such a low and dense frequency state there’s no way it can connect with the energy of love and joy. Archons can only feed off energy compatible with their own frequency and they and their Cult agents want to delete the human world of love and joy and manipulate the transmission of low vibrational frequencies through low-vibrational human mental and emotional states. We are their energy source. Wars are energetic banquets to the Archons – a world war even more so – and think how much low-frequency mental and emotional energy has been generated from the consequences for humanity of the ‘Covid’ hoax orchestrated by Archons incarnate like Gates. The ancient practice of human sacrifice ‘to the gods’, continued in secret today by the Cult, is based on the same principle. ‘The gods’ are Archontic consciousness in different forms and the sacrifice is induced into a state of intense terror to generate the energy the Archontic frequency can absorb. Incarnate Archons in the ritual drink the blood which contains an adrenaline they crave which floods into the bloodstream when people are terrorised. Most of the sacrifices, ancient and modern, are children and the theme of ‘sacrificing young virgins to the gods’ is just code for children. They

have a particular pre-puberty energy that Archons want more than anything and the energy of the young in general is their target. The California Department of Education wants students to chant the names of Aztec gods (Archontic gods) once worshipped in human sacrifice rituals in a curriculum designed to encourage them to ‘challenge racist, bigoted, discriminatory, imperialist/colonial beliefs’, join ‘social movements that struggle for social justice’, and ‘build new possibilities for a post-racist, post-systemic racism society’. It’s the usual Woke crap that inverts racism and calls it antiracism. In this case solidarity with ‘indigenous tribes’ is being used as an excuse to chant the names of ‘gods’ to which people were sacrificed (and still are in secret). What an example of Woke’s inability to see beyond black and white, us and them, They condemn the colonisation of these tribal cultures by Europeans (quite right), but those cultures sacrificing people including children to their ‘gods’, and mass murdering untold numbers as the Aztecs did, is just fine. One chant is to the Aztec god Tezcatlipoca who had a man sacrificed to him in the 5th month of the Aztec calendar. His heart was cut out and he was eaten. Oh, that’s okay then. Come on children … a er three … Other sacrificial ‘gods’ for the young to chant their allegiance include Quetzalcoatl, Huitzilopochtli and Xipe Totec. The curriculum says that ‘chants, affirmations, and energizers can be used to bring the class together, build unity around ethnic studies principles and values, and to reinvigorate the class following a lesson that may be emotionally taxing or even when student engagement may appear to be low’. Well, that’s the cover story, anyway. Chanting and mantras are the repetition of a particular frequency generated from the vocal cords and chanting the names of these Archontic ‘gods’ tunes you into their frequency. That is the last thing you want when it allows for energetic synchronisation, a achment and perceptual influence. Initiates chant the names of their ‘Gods’ in their rituals for this very reason.

Vampires of the Woke

Paedophilia is another way that Archons absorb the energy of children. Paedophiles possessed by Archontic consciousness are used as the conduit during sexual abuse for discarnate Archons to vampire the energy of the young they desire so much. Stupendous numbers of children disappear every year never to be seen again although you would never know from the media. Imagine how much low-vibrational energy has been generated by children during the ‘Covid’ hoax when so many have become depressed and psychologically destroyed to the point of killing themselves. Shocking numbers of children are now taken by the state from loving parents to be handed to others. I can tell you from long experience of researching this since 1996 that many end up with paedophiles and assets of the Cult through corrupt and Cult-owned social services which in the reframing era has hired many psychopaths and emotionless automatons to do the job. Children are even stolen to order using spurious reasons to take them by the corrupt and secret (because they’re corrupt) ‘family courts’. I have wri en in detail in other books, starting with The Biggest Secret in 1997, about the ubiquitous connections between the political, corporate, government, intelligence and military elites (Cult operatives) and Satanism and paedophilia. If you go deep enough both networks have an interlocking leadership. The Woke mentality has been developed by the Cult for many reasons: To promote almost every aspect of its agenda; to hijack the traditional political le and turn it fascist; to divide and rule; and to target agenda pushbackers. But there are other reasons which relate to what I am describing here. How many happy and joyful Wokers do you ever see especially at the extreme end? They are a mental and psychological mess consumed by emotional stress and constantly emotionally cocked for the next explosion of indignation at someone referring to a female as a female. They are walking, talking, ba eries as Morpheus might say emi ing frequencies which both enslave them in low-vibrational bubbles of perceptual limitation and feed the Archons. Add to this the hatred claimed to be love; fascism claimed to ‘anti-fascism’, racism claimed to be ‘anti-racism’;

exclusion claimed to inclusion; and the abuse-filled Internet trolling. You have a purpose-built Archontic energy system with not a wind turbine in sight and all founded on Archontic inversion. We have whole generations now manipulated to serve the Archons with their actions and energy. They will be doing so their entire adult lives unless they snap out of their Archon-induced trance. Is it really a surprise that Cult billionaires and corporations put so much money their way? Where is the energy of joy and laughter, including laughing at yourself which is confirmation of your own emotional security? Mark Twain said: ‘The human race has one really effective weapon, and that is laughter.‘ We must use it all the time. Woke has destroyed comedy because it has no humour, no joy, sense of irony, or self-deprecation. Its energy is dense and intense. Mmmmm, lunch says the Archontic frequency. Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) was the Austrian philosopher and famous esoteric thinker who established Waldorf education or Steiner schools to treat children like unique expressions of consciousness and not minds to be programmed with the perceptions determined by authority. I’d been writing about this energy vampiring for decades when I was sent in 2016 a quote by Steiner. He was spot on: There are beings in the spiritual realms for whom anxiety and fear emanating from human beings offer welcome food. When humans have no anxiety and fear, then these creatures starve. If fear and anxiety radiates from people and they break out in panic, then these creatures find welcome nutrition and they become more and more powerful. These beings are hostile towards humanity. Everything that feeds on negative feelings, on anxiety, fear and superstition, despair or doubt, are in reality hostile forces in super-sensible worlds, launching cruel attacks on human beings, while they are being fed ... These are exactly the feelings that belong to contemporary culture and materialism; because it estranges people from the spiritual world, it is especially suited to evoke hopelessness and fear of the unknown in people, thereby calling up the above mentioned hostile forces against them.

Pause for a moment from this perspective and reflect on what has happened in the world since the start of 2020. Not only will pennies drop, but billion dollar bills. We see the same theme from Don Juan Matus, a Yaqui Indian shaman in Mexico and the information source for Peruvian-born writer, Carlos Castaneda, who wrote a series of

books from the 1960s to 1990s. Don Juan described the force manipulating human society and his name for the Archons was the predator: We have a predator that came from the depths of the cosmos and took over the rule of our lives. Human beings are its prisoners. The predator is our lord and master. It has rendered us docile, helpless. If we want to protest, it suppresses our protest. If we want to act independently, it demands that we don’t do so ... indeed we are held prisoner! They took us over because we are food to them, and they squeeze us mercilessly because we are their sustenance. Just as we rear chickens in coops, the predators rear us in human coops, humaneros. Therefore, their food is always available to them. Different cultures, different eras, same recurring theme.

The ‘ennoia’ dilemma Nag Hammadi Gnostic manuscripts say that Archon consciousness has no ‘ennoia’. This is directly translated as ‘intentionality’, but I’ll use the term ‘creative imagination’. The All That Is in awareness of itself is the source of all creativity – all possibility – and the more disconnected you are from that source the more you are subsequently denied ‘creative imagination’. Given that Archon consciousness is almost entirely disconnected it severely lacks creativity and has to rely on far more mechanical processes of thought and exploit the creative potential of those that do have ‘ennoia’. You can see cases of this throughout human society. Archon consciousness almost entirely dominates the global banking system and if we study how that system works you will appreciate what I mean. Banks manifest ‘money’ out of nothing by issuing lines of ‘credit’ which is ‘money’ that has never, does not, and will never exist except in theory. It’s a confidence trick. If you think ‘credit’ figures-on-a-screen ‘money’ is worth anything you accept it as payment. If you don’t then the whole system collapses through lack of confidence in the value of that ‘money’. Archontic bankers with no ‘ennoia’ are ‘lending’ ‘money’ that doesn’t exist to humans that do have creativity – those that have the inspired ideas and create businesses and products. Archon banking feeds off human creativity

which it controls through ‘money’ creation and debt. Humans have the creativity and Archons exploit that for their own benefit and control while having none themselves. Archon Internet platforms like Facebook claim joint copyright of everything that creative users post and while Archontic minds like Zuckerberg may officially head that company it will be human creatives on the staff that provide the creative inspiration. When you have limitless ‘money’ you can then buy other companies established by creative humans. Witness the acquisition record of Facebook, Google and their like. Survey the Archon-controlled music industry and you see non-creative dark suit executives making their fortune from the human creativity of their artists. The cases are endless. Research the history of people like Gates and Zuckerberg and how their empires were built on exploiting the creativity of others. Archon minds cannot create out of nothing, but they are skilled (because they have to be) in what Gnostic texts call ‘countermimicry’. They can imitate, but not innovate. Sabbatians trawl the creativity of others through backdoors they install in computer systems through their cybersecurity systems. Archon-controlled China is globally infamous for stealing intellectual property and I remember how Hong Kong, now part of China, became notorious for making counterfeit copies of the creativity of others – ‘countermimicry’. With the now pervasive and all-seeing surveillance systems able to infiltrate any computer you can appreciate the potential for Archons to vampire the creativity of humans. Author John Lamb Lash wrote in his book about the Nag Hammadi texts, Not In His Image: Although they cannot originate anything, because they lack the divine factor of ennoia (intentionality), Archons can imitate with a vengeance. Their expertise is simulation (HAL, virtual reality). The Demiurge [Yaldabaoth] fashions a heaven world copied from the fractal patterns [of the original] ... His construction is celestial kitsch, like the fake Italianate villa of a Mafia don complete with militant angels to guard every portal.

This brings us to something that I have been speaking about since the turn of the millennium. Our reality is a simulation; a virtual reality that we think is real. No, I’m not kidding.

Human reality? Well, virtually I had pondered for years about whether our reality is ‘real’ or some kind of construct. I remembered being immensely affected on a visit as a small child in the late 1950s to the then newly-opened Planetarium on the Marylebone Road in London which is now closed and part of the adjacent Madame Tussauds wax museum. It was in the middle of the day, but when the lights went out there was the night sky projected in the Planetarium’s domed ceiling and it appeared to be so real. The experience never le me and I didn’t know why until around the turn of the millennium when I became certain that our ‘night sky’ and entire reality is a projection, a virtual reality, akin to the illusory world portrayed in the Matrix movies. I looked at the sky one day in this period and it appeared to me like the domed roof of the Planetarium. The release of the first Matrix movie in 1999 also provided a synchronistic and perfect visual representation of where my mind had been going for a long time. I hadn’t come across the Gnostic Nag Hammadi texts then. When I did years later the correlation was once again astounding. As I read Gnostic accounts from 1,600 years and more earlier it was clear that they were describing the same simulation phenomenon. They tell how the Yaldabaoth ‘Demiurge’ and Archons created a ‘bad copy’ of original reality to rule over all that were captured by its illusions and the body was a prison to trap consciousness in the ‘bad copy’ fake reality. Read how Gnostics describe the ‘bad copy’ and update that to current times and they are referring to what we would call today a virtual reality simulation. Author John Lamb Lash said ‘the Demiurge fashions a heaven world copied from the fractal pa erns’ of the original through expertise in ‘HAL’ or virtual reality simulation. Fractal pa erns are part of the energetic information construct of our reality, a sort of blueprint. If these pa erns were copied in computer terms it would indeed give you a copy of a ‘natural’ reality in a non-natural frequency and digital form. The principle is the same as making a copy of a website. The original website still exists, but now you can change the copy version to make it whatever you like and it can

become very different to the original website. Archons have done this with our reality, a synthetic copy of prime reality that still exists beyond the frequency walls of the simulation. Trapped within the illusions of this synthetic Matrix, however, were and are human consciousness and other expressions of prime reality and this is why the Archons via the Cult are seeking to make the human body synthetic and give us synthetic AI minds to complete the job of turning the entire reality synthetic including what we perceive to be the natural world. To quote Kurzweil: ‘Nanobots will infuse all the ma er around us with information. Rocks, trees, everything will become these intelligent creatures.’ Yes, synthetic ‘creatures’ just as ‘Covid’ and other genetically-manipulating ‘vaccines’ are designed to make the human body synthetic. From this perspective it is obvious why Archons and their Cult are so desperate to infuse synthetic material into every human with their ‘Covid’ scam.

Let there be (electromagnetic) light Yaldabaoth, the force that created the simulation, or Matrix, makes sense of the Gnostic reference to ‘The Great Architect’ and its use by Cult Freemasonry as the name of its deity. The designer of the Matrix in the movies is called ‘The Architect’ and that trilogy is jam-packed with symbolism relating to these subjects. I have contended for years that the angry Old Testament God (Yaldabaoth) is the ‘God’ being symbolically ‘quoted’ in the opening of Genesis as ‘creating the world’. This is not the creation of prime reality – it’s the creation of the simulation. The Genesis ‘God’ says: ‘Let there be Light: and there was light.’ But what is this ‘Light’? I have said for decades that the speed of light (186,000 miles per second) is not the fastest speed possible as claimed by mainstream science and is in fact the frequency walls or outer limits of the Matrix. You can’t have a fastest or slowest anything within all possibility when everything is possible. The human body is encoded to operate within the speed of light or within the simulation and thus we see only the tiny frequency band of visible light. Near-death experiencers who perceive reality outside the body during temporary ‘death’ describe a very different

form of light and this is supported by the Nag Hammadi texts. Prime reality beyond the simulation (‘Upper Aeons’ to the Gnostics) is described as a realm of incredible beauty, bliss, love and harmony – a realm of ‘watery light’ that is so powerful ‘there are no shadows’. Our false reality of Archon control, which Gnostics call the ‘Lower Aeons’, is depicted as a realm with a different kind of ‘light’ and described in terms of chaos, ‘Hell’, ‘the Abyss’ and ‘Outer Darkness’, where trapped souls are tormented and manipulated by demons (relate that to the ‘Covid’ hoax alone). The watery light theme can be found in near-death accounts and it is not the same as simulation ‘light’ which is electromagnetic or radiation light within the speed of light – the ‘Lower Aeons’. Simulation ‘light’ is the ‘luminous fire’ associated by Gnostics with the Archons. The Bible refers to Yaldabaoth as ‘that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world’ (Revelation 12:9). I think that making a simulated copy of prime reality (‘countermimicry’) and changing it dramatically while all the time manipulating humanity to believe it to be real could probably meet the criteria of deceiving the whole world. Then we come to the Cult god Lucifer – the Light Bringer. Lucifer is symbolic of Yaldabaoth, the bringer of radiation light that forms the bad copy simulation within the speed of light. ‘He’ is symbolised by the lighted torch held by the Statue of Liberty and in the name ‘Illuminati’. Sabbatian-Frankism declares that Lucifer is the true god and Lucifer is the real god of Freemasonry honoured as their ‘Great or Grand Architect of the Universe’ (simulation). I would emphasise, too, the way Archontic technologicallygenerated luminous fire of radiation has deluged our environment since I was a kid in the 1950s and changed the nature of The Field with which we constantly interact. Through that interaction technological radiation is changing us. The Smart Grid is designed to operate with immense levels of communication power with 5G expanding across the world and 6G, 7G, in the process of development. Radiation is the simulation and the Archontic manipulation system. Why wouldn’t the Archon Cult wish to unleash radiation upon us to an ever-greater extreme to form

Kurzweil’s ‘cloud’? The plan for a synthetic human is related to the need to cope with levels of radiation beyond even anything we’ve seen so far. Biological humans would not survive the scale of radiation they have in their script. The Smart Grid is a technological sub-reality within the technological simulation to further disconnect five-sense perception from expanded consciousness. It’s a technological prison of the mind.

Infusing the ‘spirit of darkness’ A recurring theme in religion and native cultures is the manipulation of human genetics by a non-human force and most famously recorded as the biblical ‘sons of god’ (the gods plural in the original) who interbred with the daughters of men. The Nag Hammadi Apocryphon of John tells the same story this way: He [Yaldabaoth] sent his angels [Archons/demons] to the daughters of men, that they might take some of them for themselves and raise offspring for their enjoyment. And at first they did not succeed. When they had no success, they gathered together again and they made a plan together ... And the angels changed themselves in their likeness into the likeness of their mates, filling them with the spirit of darkness, which they had mixed for them, and with evil ... And they took women and begot children out of the darkness according to the likeness of their spirit.

Possession when a discarnate entity takes over a human body is an age-old theme and continues today. It’s very real and I’ve seen it. Satanic and secret society rituals can create an energetic environment in which entities can a ach to initiates and I’ve heard many stories of how people have changed their personality a er being initiated even into lower levels of the Freemasons. I have been inside three Freemasonic temples, one at a public open day and two by just walking in when there was no one around to stop me. They were in Ryde, the town where I live, Birmingham, England, when I was with a group, and Boston, Massachuse s. They all felt the same energetically – dark, dense, low-vibrational and sinister. Demonic a achment can happen while the initiate has no idea what is going on. To them it’s just a ritual to get in the Masons and do a bit of good

business. In the far more extreme rituals of Satanism human possession is even more powerful and they are designed to make possession possible. The hierarchy of the Cult is dictated by the power and perceived status of the possessing Archon. In this way the Archon hierarchy becomes the Cult hierarchy. Once the entity has a ached it can influence perception and behaviour and if it a aches to the extreme then so much of its energy (information) infuses into the body information field that the hologram starts to reflect the nature of the possessing entity. This is the Exorcist movie type of possession when facial features change and it’s known as shapeshi ing. Islam’s Jinn are said to be invisible tricksters who change shape, ‘whisper’, confuse and take human form. These are all traits of the Archons and other versions of the same phenomenon. Extreme possession could certainty infuse the ‘spirit of darkness’ into a partner during sex as the Nag Hammadi texts appear to describe. Such an infusion can change genetics which is also energetic information. Human genetics is information and the ‘spirit of darkness’ is information. Mix one with the other and change must happen. Islam has the concept of a ‘Jinn baby’ through possession of the mother and by Jinn taking human form. There are many ways that human genetics can be changed and remember that Archons have been aware all along of advanced techniques to do this. What is being done in human society today – and far more – was known about by Archons at the time of the ‘fallen ones’ and their other versions described in religions and cultures. Archons and their human-world Cult are obsessed with genetics as we see today and they know this dictates how information is processed into perceived reality during a human life. They needed to produce a human form that would decode the simulation and this is symbolically known as ‘Adam and Eve’ who le the ‘garden’ (prime reality) and ‘fell’ into Matrix reality. The simulation is not a ‘physical’ construct (there is no ‘physical’); it is a source of information. Think Wi-Fi again. The simulation is an energetic field encoded with information and body-brain systems are designed to decode that information encoded in wave or frequency form which

is transmi ed to the brain as electrical signals. These are decoded by the brain to construct our sense of reality – an illusory ‘physical’ world that only exists in the brain or the mind. Virtual reality games mimic this process using the same sensory decoding system. Information is fed to the senses to decode a virtual reality that can appear so real, but isn’t (Figs 18 and 19). Some scientists believe – and I agree with them – that what we perceive as ‘physical’ reality only exists when we are looking or observing. The act of perception or focus triggers the decoding systems which turn waveform information into holographic reality. When we are not observing something our reality reverts from a holographic state to a waveform state. This relates to the same principle as a falling tree not making a noise unless someone is there to hear it or decode it. The concept makes sense from the simulation perspective. A computer is not decoding all the information in a Wi-Fi field all the time and only decodes or brings into reality on the screen that part of Wi-Fi that it’s decoding – focusing upon – at that moment.

Figure 18: Virtual reality technology ‘hacks’ into the body’s five-sense decoding system.

Figure 19: The result can be experienced as very ‘real’.

Interestingly, Professor Donald Hoffman at the Department of Cognitive Sciences at the University of California, Irvine, says that our experienced reality is like a computer interface that shows us only the level with which we interact while hiding all that exists beyond it: ‘Evolution shaped us with a user interface that hides the truth. Nothing that we see is the truth – the very language of space and time and objects is the wrong language to describe reality.’ He is correct in what he says on so many levels. Space and time are not a universal reality. They are a phenomenon of decoded simulation reality as part of the process of enslaving our sense of reality. Neardeath experiencers report again and again how space and time did not exist as we perceive them once they were free of the body – body decoding systems. You can appreciate from this why Archons and their Cult are so desperate to entrap human a ention in the five senses where we are in the Matrix and of the Matrix. Opening your mind to expanded states of awareness takes you beyond the information confines of the simulation and you become aware of knowledge and insights denied to you before. This is what we call ‘awakening’ – awakening from the Matrix – and in the final chapter I will relate this to current events.

Where are the ‘aliens’? A simulation would explain the so-called ‘Fermi Paradox’ named a er Italian physicist Enrico Fermi (1901-1954) who created the first nuclear reactor. He considered the question of why there is such a lack of extraterrestrial activity when there are so many stars and planets in an apparently vast universe; but what if the night sky that we see, or think we do, is a simulated projection as I say? If you control the simulation and your aim is to hold humanity fast in essential ignorance would you want other forms of life including advanced life coming and going sharing information with humanity? Or would you want them to believe they were isolated and apparently alone? Themes of human isolation and apartness are common whether they be the perception of a lifeless universe or the fascist isolation laws of the ‘Covid’ era. Paradoxically the very

existence of a simulation means that we are not alone when some force had to construct it. My view is that experiences that people have reported all over the world for centuries with Reptilians and Grey entities are Archon phenomena as Nag Hammadi texts describe; and that benevolent ‘alien’ interactions are non-human groups that come in and out of the simulation by overcoming Archon a empts to keep them out. It should be highlighted, too, that Reptilians and Greys are obsessed with genetics and technology as related by cultural accounts and those who say they have been abducted by them. Technology is their way of overcoming some of the limitations in their creative potential and our technology-driven and controlled human society of today is archetypical ArchonReptilian-Grey modus operandi. Technocracy is really Archontocracy. The Universe does not have to be as big as it appears with a simulation. There is no space or distance only information decoded into holographic reality. What we call ‘space’ is only the absence of holographic ‘objects’ and that ‘space’ is The Field of energetic information which connects everything into a single whole. The same applies with the artificially-generated information field of the simulation. The Universe is not big or small as a physical reality. It is decoded information, that’s all, and its perceived size is decided by the way the simulation is encoded to make it appear. The entire night sky as we perceive it only exists in our brain and so where are those ‘millions of light years’? The ‘stars’ on the ceiling of the Planetarium looked a vast distance away. There’s another point to mention about ‘aliens’. I have been highlighting since the 1990s the plan to stage a fake ‘alien invasion’ to justify the centralisation of global power and a world military. Nazi scientist Werner von Braun, who was taken to America by Operation Paperclip a er World War Two to help found NASA, told his American assistant Dr Carol Rosin about the Cult agenda when he knew he was dying in 1977. Rosin said that he told her about a sequence that would lead to total human control by a one-world government. This included threats from terrorism, rogue nations, meteors and asteroids before finally an ‘alien invasion’. All of these

things, von Braun said, would be bogus and what I would refer to as a No-Problem-Reaction-Solution. Keep this in mind when ‘the aliens are coming’ is the new mantra. The aliens are not coming – they are already here and they have infiltrated human society while looking human. French-Canadian investigative journalist Serge Monast said in 1994 that he had uncovered a NASA/military operation called Project Blue Beam which fits with what Werner von Braun predicted. Monast died of a ‘heart a ack’ in 1996 the day a er he was arrested and spent a night in prison. He was 51. He said Blue Beam was a plan to stage an alien invasion that would include religious figures beamed holographically into the sky as part of a global manipulation to usher in a ‘new age’ of worshipping what I would say is the Cult ‘god’ Yaldabaoth in a one-world religion. Fake holographic asteroids are also said to be part of the plan which again syncs with von Braun. How could you stage an illusory threat from asteroids unless they were holographic inserts? This is pre y straightforward given the advanced technology outside the public arena and the fact that our ‘physical’ reality is holographic anyway. Information fields would be projected and we would decode them into the illusion of a ‘physical’ asteroid. If they can sell a global ‘pandemic’ with a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist what will humans not believe if government and media tell them? All this is particularly relevant as I write with the Pentagon planning to release in June, 2021, information about ‘UFO sightings’. I have been following the UFO story since the early 1990s and the common theme throughout has been government and military denials and cover up. More recently, however, the Pentagon has suddenly become more talkative and apparently open with Air Force pilot radar images released of unexplained cra moving and changing direction at speeds well beyond anything believed possible with human technology. Then, in March, 2021, former Director of National Intelligence John Ratcliffe said a Pentagon report months later in June would reveal a great deal of information about UFO sightings unknown to the public. He said the report would have ‘massive implications’. The order to do this was included bizarrely

in a $2.3 trillion ‘coronavirus’ relief and government funding bill passed by the Trump administration at the end of 2020. I would add some serious notes of caution here. I have been pointing out since the 1990s that the US military and intelligence networks have long had cra – ‘flying saucers’ or anti-gravity cra – which any observer would take to be extraterrestrial in origin. Keeping this knowledge from the public allows cra flown by humans to be perceived as alien visitations. I am not saying that ‘aliens’ do not exist. I would be the last one to say that, but we have to be streetwise here. President Ronald Reagan told the UN General Assembly in 1987: ‘I occasionally think how quickly our differences worldwide would vanish if we were facing an alien threat from outside this world.’ That’s the idea. Unite against a common ‘enemy’ with a common purpose behind your ‘saviour force’ (the Cult) as this age-old technique of mass manipulation goes global.

Science moves this way … I could find only one other person who was discussing the simulation hypothesis publicly when I concluded it was real. This was Nick Bostrom, a Swedish-born philosopher at the University of Oxford, who has explored for many years the possibility that human reality is a computer simulation although his version and mine are not the same. Today the simulation and holographic reality hypothesis have increasingly entered the scientific mainstream. Well, the more open-minded mainstream, that is. Here are a few of the ever-gathering examples. American nuclear physicist Silas Beane led a team of physicists at the University of Bonn in Germany pursuing the question of whether we live in a simulation. They concluded that we probably do and it was likely based on a la ice of cubes. They found that cosmic rays align with that specific pa ern. The team highlighted the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin (GZK) limit which refers to cosmic ray particle interaction with cosmic background radiation that creates an apparent boundary for cosmic ray particles. They say in a paper entitled ‘Constraints on the Universe as a Numerical Simulation’ that this ‘pa ern of constraint’ is exactly what you

would find with a computer simulation. They also made the point that a simulation would create its own ‘laws of physics’ that would limit possibility. I’ve been making the same point for decades that the perceived laws of physics relate only to this reality, or what I would later call the simulation. When designers write codes to create computer and virtual reality games they are the equivalent of the laws of physics for that game. Players interact within the limitations laid out by the coding. In the same way those who wrote the codes for the simulation decided the laws of physics that would apply. These can be overridden by expanded states of consciousness, but not by those enslaved in only five-sense awareness where simulation codes rule. Overriding the codes is what people call ‘miracles’. They are not. They are bypassing the encoded limits of the simulation. A population caught in simulation perception would have no idea that this was their plight. As the Bonn paper said: ‘Like a prisoner in a pitch-black cell we would not be able to see the “walls” of our prison,’ That’s true if people remain mesmerised by the five senses. Open to expanded awareness and those walls become very clear. The main one is the speed of light. American theoretical physicist James Gates is another who has explored the simulation question and found considerable evidence to support the idea. Gates was Professor of Physics at the University of Maryland, Director of The Center for String and Particle Theory, and on Barack Obama’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology. He and his team found computer codes of digital data embedded in the fabric of our reality. They relate to on-off electrical charges of 1 and 0 in the binary system used by computers. ‘We have no idea what they are doing there’, Gates said. They found within the energetic fabric mathematical sequences known as errorcorrecting codes or block codes that ‘reboot’ data to its original state or ‘default se ings’ when something knocks it out of sync. Gates was asked if he had found a set of equations embedded in our reality indistinguishable from those that drive search engines and browsers and he said: ‘That is correct.’ Rich Terrile, director of the Centre for Evolutionary Computation and Automated Design at NASA’s Jet

Propulsion Laboratory, has said publicly that he believes the Universe is a digital hologram that must have been created by a form of intelligence. I agree with that in every way. Waveform information is delivered electrically by the senses to the brain which constructs a digital holographic reality that we call the ‘world’. This digital level of reality can be read by the esoteric art of numerology. Digital holograms are at the cu ing edge of holographics today. We have digital technology everywhere designed to access and manipulate our digital level of perceived reality. Synthetic mRNA in ‘Covid vaccines’ has a digital component to manipulate the body’s digital ‘operating system’.

Reality is numbers How many know that our reality can be broken down to numbers and codes that are the same as computer games? Max Tegmark, a physicist at the Massachuse s Institute of Technology (MIT), is the author of Our Mathematical Universe in which he lays out how reality can be entirely described by numbers and maths in the way that a video game is encoded with the ‘physics’ of computer games. Our world and computer virtual reality are essentially the same. Tegmark imagines the perceptions of characters in an advanced computer game when the graphics are so good they don’t know they are in a game. They think they can bump into real objects (electromagnetic resistance in our reality), fall in love and feel emotions like excitement. When they began to study the apparently ‘physical world’ of the video game they would realise that everything was made of pixels (which have been found in our energetic reality as must be the case when on one level our world is digital). What computer game characters thought was physical ‘stuff’, Tegmark said, could actually be broken down into numbers: And we’re exactly in this situation in our world. We look around and it doesn’t seem that mathematical at all, but everything we see is made out of elementary particles like quarks and electrons. And what properties does an electron have? Does it have a smell or a colour or a texture? No! ... We physicists have come up with geeky names for [Electron] properties, like

electric charge, or spin, or lepton number, but the electron doesn’t care what we call it, the properties are just numbers.

This is the illusory reality Gnostics were describing. This is the simulation. The A, C, G, and T codes of DNA have a binary value – A and C = 0 while G and T = 1. This has to be when the simulation is digital and the body must be digital to interact with it. Recurring mathematical sequences are encoded throughout reality and the body. They include the Fibonacci sequence in which the two previous numbers are added to get the next one, as in ... 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, etc. The sequence is encoded in the human face and body, proportions of animals, DNA, seed heads, pine cones, trees, shells, spiral galaxies, hurricanes and the number of petals in a flower. The list goes on and on. There are fractal pa erns – a ‘neverending pa ern that is infinitely complex and self-similar across all scales in the as above, so below, principle of holograms. These and other famous recurring geometrical and mathematical sequences such as Phi, Pi, Golden Mean, Golden Ratio and Golden Section are computer codes of the simulation. I had to laugh and give my head a shake the day I finished this book and it went into the production stage. I was sent an article in Scientific American published in April, 2021, with the headline ‘Confirmed! We Live in a Simulation’. Two decades a er I first said our reality is a simulation and the speed of light is it’s outer limit the article suggested that we do live in a simulation and that the speed of light is its outer limit. I le school at 15 and never passed a major exam in my life while the writer was up to his eyes in qualifications. As I will explain in the final chapter knowing is far be er than thinking and they come from very different sources. The article rightly connected the speed of light to the processing speed of the ‘Matrix’ and said what has been in my books all this time … ‘If we are in a simulation, as it appears, then space is an abstract property wri en in code. It is not real’. No it’s not and if we live in a simulation something created it and it wasn’t us. ‘That David Icke says we are manipulated by aliens’ – he’s crackers.’

Wow … The reality that humanity thinks is so real is an illusion. Politicians, governments, scientists, doctors, academics, law enforcement, media, school and university curriculums, on and on, are all founded on a world that does not exist except as a simulated prison cell. Is it such a stretch to accept that ‘Covid’ doesn’t exist when our entire ‘physical’ reality doesn’t exist? Revealed here is the knowledge kept under raps in the Cult networks of compartmentalised secrecy to control humanity’s sense of reality by inducing the population to believe in a reality that’s not real. If it wasn’t so tragic in its experiential consequences the whole thing would be hysterically funny. None of this is new to Renegade Minds. Ancient Greek philosopher Plato (about 428 to about 347BC) was a major influence on Gnostic belief and he described the human plight thousands of years ago with his Allegory of the Cave. He told the symbolic story of prisoners living in a cave who had never been outside. They were chained and could only see one wall of the cave while behind them was a fire that they could not see. Figures walked past the fire casting shadows on the prisoners’ wall and those moving shadows became their sense of reality. Some prisoners began to study the shadows and were considered experts on them (today’s academics and scientists), but what they studied was only an illusion (today’s academics and scientists). A prisoner escaped from the cave and saw reality as it really is. When he returned to report this revelation they didn’t believe him, called him mad and threatened to kill him if he tried to set them free. Plato’s tale is not only a brilliant analogy of the human plight and our illusory reality. It describes, too, the dynamics of the ‘Covid’ hoax. I have only skimmed the surface of these subjects here. The aim of this book is to crisply connect all essential dots to put what is happening today into its true context. All subject areas and their connections in this chapter are covered in great evidential detail in Everything You Need To Know, But Have Never Been Told and The Answer. They say that bewildered people ‘can’t see the forest for the trees’. Humanity, however, can’t see the forest for the twigs. The five senses

see only twigs while Renegade Minds can see the forest and it’s the forest where the answers lie with the connections that reveals. Breaking free of perceptual programming so the forest can be seen is the way we turn all this around. Not breaking free is how humanity got into this mess. The situation may seem hopeless, but I promise you it’s not. We are a perceptual heartbeat from paradise if only we knew.

CHAPTER TWELVE Escaping Wetiko Life is simply a vacation from the infinite Dean Cavanagh

R

enegade Minds weave the web of life and events and see common themes in the apparently random. They are always there if you look for them and their pursuit is aided by incredible synchronicity that comes when your mind is open rather than mesmerised by what it thinks it can see. Infinite awareness is infinite possibility and the more of infinite possibility that we access the more becomes infinitely possible. That may be stating the apparently obvious, but it is a devastatinglypowerful fact that can set us free. We are a point of a ention within an infinity of consciousness. The question is how much of that infinity do we choose to access? How much knowledge, insight, awareness, wisdom, do we want to connect with and explore? If your focus is only in the five senses you will be influenced by a fraction of infinite awareness. I mean a range so tiny that it gives new meaning to infinitesimal. Limitation of self-identity and a sense of the possible limit accordingly your range of consciousness. We are what we think we are. Life is what we think it is. The dream is the dreamer and the dreamer is the dream. Buddhist philosophy puts it this way: ‘As a thing is viewed, so it appears.’ Most humans live in the realm of touch, taste, see, hear, and smell and that’s the limit of their sense of the possible and sense of self. Many will follow a religion and speak of a God in his heaven, but their lives are still

dominated by the five senses in their perceptions and actions. The five senses become the arbiter of everything. When that happens all except a smear of infinity is sealed away from influence by the rigid, unyielding, reality bubbles that are the five-sense human or Phantom Self. Archon Cult methodology is to isolate consciousness within five-sense reality – the simulation – and then program that consciousness with a sense of self and the world through a deluge of life-long information designed to instil the desired perception that allows global control. Efforts to do this have increased dramatically with identity politics as identity bubbles are squeezed into the minutiae of five-sense detail which disconnect people even more profoundly from the infinite ‘I’. Five-sense focus and self-identity are like a firewall that limits access to the infinite realms. You only perceive one radio or television station and no other. We’ll take that literally for a moment. Imagine a vast array of stations giving different information and angles on reality, but you only ever listen to one. Here we have the human plight in which the population is overwhelmingly confined to CultFM. This relates only to the frequency range of CultFM and limits perception and insight to that band – limits possibility to that band. It means you are connecting with an almost imperceptibly minuscule range of possibility and creative potential within the infinite Field. It’s a world where everything seems apart from everything else and where synchronicity is rare. Synchronicity is defined in the dictionary as ‘the happening by chance of two or more related or similar events at the same time‘. Use of ‘by chance’ betrays a complete misunderstanding of reality. Synchronicity is not ‘by chance’. As people open their minds, or ‘awaken’ to use the term, they notice more and more coincidences in their lives, bits of ‘luck’, apparently miraculous happenings that put them in the right place at the right time with the right people. Days become peppered with ‘fancy meeting you here’ and ‘what are the chances of that?’ My entire life has been lived like this and ever more so since my own colossal awakening in 1990 and 91 which transformed my sense of reality. Synchronicity is not ‘by chance’; it is by accessing expanded

realms of possibility which allow expanded potential for manifestation. People broadcasting the same vibe from the same openness of mind tend to be drawn ‘by chance’ to each other through what I call frequency magnetism and it’s not only people. In the last more than 30 years incredible synchronicity has also led me through the Cult maze to information in so many forms and to crucial personal experiences. These ‘coincidences’ have allowed me to put the puzzle pieces together across an enormous array of subjects and situations. Those who have breached the bubble of fivesense reality will know exactly what I mean and this escape from the perceptual prison cell is open to everyone whenever they make that choice. This may appear super-human when compared with the limitations of ‘human’, but it’s really our natural state. ‘Human’ as currently experienced is consciousness in an unnatural state of induced separation from the infinity of the whole. I’ll come to how this transformation into unity can be made when I have described in more detail the force that holds humanity in servitude by denying this access to infinite self.

The Wetiko factor I have been talking and writing for decades about the way five-sense mind is systematically barricaded from expanded awareness. I have used the analogy of a computer (five-sense mind) and someone at the keyboard (expanded awareness). Interaction between the computer and the operator is symbolic of the interaction between five-sense mind and expanded awareness. The computer directly experiences the Internet and the operator experiences the Internet via the computer which is how it’s supposed to be – the two working as one. Archons seek to control that point where the operator connects with the computer to stop that interaction (Fig 20). Now the operator is banging the keyboard and clicking the mouse, but the computer is not responding and this happens when the computer is taken over – possessed – by an appropriately-named computer ‘virus’. The operator has lost all influence over the computer which goes its own way making decisions under the control of the ‘virus’. I have

just described the dynamic through which the force known to Gnostics as Yaldabaoth and Archons disconnects five-sense mind from expanded awareness to imprison humanity in perceptual servitude.

Figure 20: The mind ‘virus’ I have been writing about for decades seeks to isolate five-sense mind (the computer) from the true ‘I’. (Image by Neil Hague).

About a year ago I came across a Native American concept of Wetiko which describes precisely the same phenomenon. Wetiko is the spelling used by the Cree and there are other versions including wintiko and windigo used by other tribal groups. They spell the name with lower case, but I see Wetiko as a proper noun as with Archons and prefer a capital. I first saw an article about Wetiko by writer and researcher Paul Levy which so synced with what I had been writing about the computer/operator disconnection and later the Archons. I then read his book, the fascinating Dispelling Wetiko, Breaking the Spell of Evil. The parallels between what I had concluded long before and the Native American concept of Wetiko were so clear and obvious that it was almost funny. For Wetiko see the Gnostic Archons for sure and the Jinn, the Predators, and every other name for a force of evil, inversion and chaos. Wetiko is the Native American name for the force that divides the computer from

the operator (Fig 21). Indigenous author Jack D. Forbes, a founder of the Native American movement in the 1960s, wrote another book about Wetiko entitled Columbus And Other Cannibals – The Wetiko Disease of Exploitation, Imperialism, and Terrorism which I also read. Forbes says that Wetiko refers to an evil person or spirit ‘who terrorizes other creatures by means of terrible acts, including cannibalism’. Zulu shaman Credo Mutwa told me that African accounts tell how cannibalism was brought into the world by the Chitauri ‘gods’ – another manifestation of Wetiko. The distinction between ‘evil person or spirit’ relates to Archons/Wetiko possessing a human or acting as pure consciousness. Wetiko is said to be a sickness of the soul or spirit and a state of being that takes but gives nothing back – the Cult and its operatives perfectly described. Black Hawk, a Native American war leader defending their lands from confiscation, said European invaders had ‘poisoned hearts’ – Wetiko hearts – and that this would spread to native societies. Mention of the heart is very significant as we shall shortly see. Forbes writes: ‘Tragically, the history of the world for the past 2,000 years is, in great part, the story of the epidemiology of the wetiko disease.’ Yes, and much longer. Forbes is correct when he says: ‘The wetikos destroyed Egypt and Babylon and Athens and Rome and Tenochtitlan [capital of the Aztec empire] and perhaps now they will destroy the entire earth.’ Evil, he said, is the number one export of a Wetiko culture – see its globalisation with ‘Covid’. Constant war, mass murder, suffering of all kinds, child abuse, Satanism, torture and human sacrifice are all expressions of Wetiko and the Wetiko possessed. The world is Wetiko made manifest, but it doesn’t have to be. There is a way out of this even now.

Figure 21: The mind ‘virus’ is known to Native Americans as ‘Wetiko’. (Image by Neil Hague).

Cult of Wetiko Wetiko is the Yaldabaoth frequency distortion that seeks to a ach to human consciousness and absorb it into its own. Once this connection is made Wetiko can drive the perceptions of the target which they believe to be coming from their own mind. All the horrors of history and today from mass killers to Satanists, paedophiles like Jeffrey Epstein and other psychopaths, are the embodiment of Wetiko and express its state of being in all its grotesqueness. The Cult is Wetiko incarnate, Yaldabaoth incarnate, and it seeks to facilitate Wetiko assimilation of humanity in totality into its distortion by manipulating the population into low frequency states that match its own. Paul Levy writes: ‘Holographically enforced within the psyche of every human being the wetiko virus pervades and underlies the entire field of consciousness, and can therefore potentially manifest through any one of us at any moment if we are not mindful.’ The ‘Covid’ hoax has achieved this with many people, but others have not fallen into Wetiko’s frequency lair. Players in the ‘Covid’ human catastrophe including Gates, Schwab, Tedros, Fauci, Whi y, Vallance, Johnson, Hancock, Ferguson, Drosten, and all the rest, including the psychopath psychologists, are expressions of Wetiko. This is why

they have no compassion or empathy and no emotional consequence for what they do that would make them stop doing it. Observe all the people who support the psychopaths in authority against the Pushbackers despite the damaging impact the psychopaths have on their own lives and their family’s lives. You are again looking at Wetiko possession which prevents them seeing through the lies to the obvious scam going on. Why can’t they see it? Wetiko won’t let them see it. The perceptual divide that has now become a chasm is between the Wetikoed and the non-Wetikoed. Paul Levy describes Wetiko in the same way that I have long described the Archontic force. They are the same distorted consciousness operating across dimensions of reality: ‘… the subtle body of wetiko is not located in the third dimension of space and time, literally existing in another dimension … it is able to affect ordinary lives by mysteriously interpenetrating into our threedimensional world.’ Wetiko does this through its incarnate representatives in the Cult and by weaving itself into The Field which on our level of reality is the electromagnetic information field of the simulation or Matrix. More than that, the simulation is Wetiko / Yaldabaoth. Caleb Scharf, Director of Astrobiology at Columbia University, has speculated that ‘alien life’ could be so advanced that it has transcribed itself into the quantum realm to become what we call physics. He said intelligence indistinguishable from the fabric of the Universe would solve many of its greatest mysteries: Perhaps hyper-advanced life isn’t just external. Perhaps it’s already all around. It is embedded in what we perceive to be physics itself, from the root behaviour of particles and fields to the phenomena of complexity and emergence ... In other words, life might not just be in the equations. It might BE the equations [My emphasis].

Scharf said it is possible that ‘we don’t recognise advanced life because it forms an integral and unsuspicious part of what we’ve considered to be the natural world’. I agree. Wetiko/Yaldabaoth is the simulation. We are literally in the body of the beast. But that doesn’t mean it has to control us. We all have the power to overcome Wetiko

influence and the Cult knows that. I doubt it sleeps too well because it knows that.

Which Field? This, I suggest, is how it all works. There are two Fields. One is the fierce electromagnetic light of the Matrix within the speed of light; the other is the ‘watery light’ of The Field beyond the walls of the Matrix that connects with the Great Infinity. Five-sense mind and the decoding systems of the body a ach us to the Field of Matrix light. They have to or we could not experience this reality. Five-sense mind sees only the Matrix Field of information while our expanded consciousness is part of the Infinity Field. When we open our minds, and most importantly our hearts, to the Infinity Field we have a mission control which gives us an expanded perspective, a road map, to understand the nature of the five-sense world. If we are isolated only in five-sense mind there is no mission control. We’re on our own trying to understand a world that’s constantly feeding us information to ensure we do not understand. People in this state can feel ‘lost’ and bewildered with no direction or radar. You can see ever more clearly those who are influenced by the Fields of Big Infinity or li le five-sense mind simply by their views and behaviour with regard to the ‘Covid’ hoax. We have had this division throughout known human history with the mass of the people on one side and individuals who could see and intuit beyond the walls of the simulation – Plato’s prisoner who broke out of the cave and saw reality for what it is. Such people have always been targeted by Wetiko/Archon-possessed authority, burned at the stake or demonised as mad, bad and dangerous. The Cult today and its global network of ‘anti-hate’, ‘anti-fascist’ Woke groups are all expressions of Wetiko a acking those exposing the conspiracy, ‘Covid’ lies and the ‘vaccine’ agenda. Woke as a whole is Wetiko which explains its black and white mentality and how at one it is with the Wetiko-possessed Cult. Paul Levy said: ‘To be in this paradigm is to still be under the thrall of a two-valued logic – where things are either true or false – of a

wetikoized mind.’ Wetiko consciousness is in a permanent rage, therefore so is Woke, and then there is Woke inversion and contradiction. ‘Anti-fascists’ act like fascists because fascists and ‘antifascists’ are both Wetiko at work. Political parties act the same while claiming to be different for the same reason. Secret society and satanic rituals are a aching initiates to Wetiko and the cold, ruthless, psychopathic mentality that secures the positions of power all over the world is Wetiko. Reframing ‘training programmes’ have the same cumulative effect of a aching Wetiko and we have their graduates described as automatons and robots with a cold, psychopathic, uncaring demeanour. They are all traits of Wetiko possession and look how many times they have been described in this book and elsewhere with regard to personnel behind ‘Covid’ including the police and medical profession. Climbing the greasy pole in any profession in a Wetiko society requires traits of Wetiko to get there and that is particularly true of politics which is not about fair competition and pre-eminence of ideas. It is founded on how many backs you can stab and arses you can lick. This culminated in the global ‘Covid’ coordination between the Wetiko possessed who pulled it off in all the different countries without a trace of empathy and compassion for their impact on humans. Our sight sense can see only holographic form and not the Field which connects holographic form. Therefore we perceive ‘physical’ objects with ‘space’ in between. In fact that ‘space’ is energy/consciousness operating on multiple frequencies. One of them is Wetiko and that connects the Cult psychopaths, those who submit to the psychopaths, and those who serve the psychopaths in the media operations of the world. Wetiko is Gates. Wetiko is the mask-wearing submissive. Wetiko is the fake journalist and ‘fact-checker’. The Wetiko Field is coordinating the whole thing. Psychopaths, gofers, media operatives, ‘anti-hate’ hate groups, ‘fact-checkers’ and submissive people work as one unit even without human coordination because they are a ached to the same Field which is organising it all (Fig 22). Paul Levy is here describing how Wetiko-possessed people are drawn together and refuse to let any information breach their rigid

perceptions. He was writing long before ‘Covid’, but I think you will recognise followers of the ‘Covid’ religion oh just a little bit: People who are channelling the vibratory frequency of wetiko align with each other through psychic resonance to reinforce their unspoken shared agreement so as to uphold their deranged view of reality. Once an unconscious content takes possession of certain individuals, it irresistibly draws them together by mutual attraction and knits them into groups tied together by their shared madness that can easily swell into an avalanche of insanity. A psychic epidemic is a closed system, which is to say that it is insular and not open to any new information or informing influences from the outside world which contradict its fixed, limited, and limiting perspective.

There we have the Woke mind and the ‘Covid’ mind. Compatible resonance draws the awakening together, too, which is clearly happening today.

Figure 22: The Wetiko Field from which the Cult pyramid and its personnel are made manifest. (Image by Neil Hague).

Spiritual servitude Wetiko doesn’t care about humans. It’s not human; it just possesses humans for its own ends and the effect (depending on the scale of

possession) can be anything from extreme psychopathy to unquestioning obedience. Wetiko’s worst nightmare is for human consciousness to expand beyond the simulation. Everything is focussed on stopping that happening through control of information, thus perception, thus frequency. The ‘education system’, media, science, medicine, academia, are all geared to maintaining humanity in five-sense servitude as is the constant stimulation of low-vibrational mental and emotional states (see ‘Covid’). Wetiko seeks to dominate those subconscious spaces between five-sense perception and expanded consciousness where the computer meets the operator. From these subconscious hiding places Wetiko speaks to us to trigger urges and desires that we take to be our own and manipulate us into anything from low-vibrational to psychopathic states. Remember how Islam describes the Jinn as invisible tricksters that ‘whisper’ and confuse. Wetiko is the origin of the ‘trickster god’ theme that you find in cultures all over the world. Jinn, like the Archons, are Wetiko which is terrified of humans awakening and reconnecting with our true self for then its energy source has gone. With that the feedback loop breaks between Wetiko and human perception that provides the energetic momentum on which its very existence depends as a force of evil. Humans are both its target and its source of survival, but only if we are operating in low-vibrational states of fear, hate, depression and the background anxiety that most people suffer. We are Wetiko’s target because we are its key to survival. It needs us, not the other way round. Paul Levy writes: A vampire has no intrinsic, independent, substantial existence in its own right; it only exists in relation to us. The pathogenic, vampiric mind-parasite called wetiko is nothing in itself – not being able to exist from its own side – yet it has a ‘virtual reality’ such that it can potentially destroy our species … …The fact that a vampire is not reflected by a mirror can also mean that what we need to see is that there’s nothing, no-thing to see, other than ourselves. The fact that wetiko is the expression of something inside of us means that the cure for wetiko is with us as well. The critical issue is finding this cure within us and then putting it into effect.

Evil begets evil because if evil does not constantly expand and find new sources of energetic sustenance its evil, its distortion, dies with the assimilation into balance and harmony. Love is the garlic to Wetiko’s vampire. Evil, the absence of love, cannot exist in the presence of love. I think I see a way out of here. I have emphasised so many times over the decades that the Archons/Wetiko and their Cult are not all powerful. They are not. I don’t care how it looks even now they are not. I have not called them li le boys in short trousers for effect. I have said it because it is true. Wetiko’s insatiable desire for power over others is not a sign of its omnipotence, but its insecurity. Paul Levy writes: ‘Due to the primal fear which ultimately drives it and which it is driven to cultivate, wetiko’s body politic has an intrinsic and insistent need for centralising power and control so as to create imagined safety for itself.’ Yeeeeeees! Exactly! Why does Wetiko want humans in an ongoing state of fear? Wetiko itself is fear and it is petrified of love. As evil is an absence of love, so love is an absence of fear. Love conquers all and especially Wetiko which is fear. Wetiko brought fear into the world when it wasn’t here before. Fear was the ‘fall’, the fall into low-frequency ignorance and illusion – fear is False Emotion Appearing Real. The simulation is driven and energised by fear because Wetiko/Yaldabaoth (fear) are the simulation. Fear is the absence of love and Wetiko is the absence of love.

Wetiko today We can now view current events from this level of perspective. The ‘Covid’ hoax has generated momentous amounts of ongoing fear, anxiety, depression and despair which have empowered Wetiko. No wonder people like Gates have been the instigators when they are Wetiko incarnate and exhibit every trait of Wetiko in the extreme. See how cold and unemotional these people are like Gates and his cronies, how dead of eye they are. That’s Wetiko. Sabbatians are Wetiko and everything they control including the World Health Organization, Big Pharma and the ‘vaccine’ makers, national ‘health’

hierarchies, corporate media, Silicon Valley, the banking system, and the United Nations with its planned transformation into world government. All are controlled and possessed by the Wetiko distortion into distorting human society in its image. We are with this knowledge at the gateway to understanding the world. Divisions of race, culture, creed and sexuality are diversions to hide the real division between those possessed and influenced by Wetiko and those that are not. The ‘Covid’ hoax has brought both clearly into view. Human behaviour is not about race. Tyrants and dictatorships come in all colours and creeds. What unites the US president bombing the innocent and an African tribe commi ing genocide against another as in Rwanda? What unites them? Wetiko. All wars are Wetiko, all genocide is Wetiko, all hunger over centuries in a world of plenty is Wetiko. Children going to bed hungry, including in the West, is Wetiko. Cult-generated Woke racial divisions that focus on the body are designed to obscure the reality that divisions in behaviour are manifestations of mind, not body. Obsession with body identity and group judgement is a means to divert a ention from the real source of behaviour – mind and perception. Conflict sown by the Woke both within themselves and with their target groups are Wetiko providing lunch for itself through still more agents of the division, chaos, and fear on which it feeds. The Cult is seeking to assimilate the entirety of humanity and all children and young people into the Wetiko frequency by manipulating them into states of fear and despair. Witness all the suicide and psychological unravelling since the spring of 2020. Wetiko psychopaths want to impose a state of unquestioning obedience to authority which is no more than a conduit for Wetiko to enforce its will and assimilate humanity into itself. It needs us to believe that resistance is futile when it fears resistance and even more so the game-changing non-cooperation with its impositions. It can use violent resistance for its benefit. Violent impositions and violent resistance are both Wetiko. The Power of Love with its Power of No will sweep Wetiko from our world. Wetiko and its Cult know that. They just don’t want us to know.

AI Wetiko This brings me to AI or artificial intelligence and something else Wetikos don’t want us to know. What is AI really? I know about computer code algorithms and AI that learns from data input. These, however, are more diversions, the expeditionary force, for the real AI that they want to connect to the human brain as promoted by Silicon Valley Wetikos like Kurzweil. What is this AI? It is the frequency of Wetiko, the frequency of the Archons. The connection of AI to the human brain is the connection of the Wetiko frequency to create a Wetiko hive mind and complete the job of assimilation. The hive mind is planned to be controlled from Israel and China which are both 100 percent owned by Wetiko Sabbatians. The assimilation process has been going on minute by minute in the ‘smart’ era which fused with the ‘Covid’ era. We are told that social media is scrambling the minds of the young and changing their personality. This is true, but what is social media? Look more deeply at how it works, how it creates divisions and conflict, the hostility and cruelty, the targeting of people until they are destroyed. That’s Wetiko. Social media is manipulated to tune people to the Wetiko frequency with all the emotional exploitation tricks employed by platforms like Facebook and its Wetiko front man, Zuckerberg. Facebook’s Instagram announced a new platform for children to overcome a legal bar on them using the main site. This is more Wetiko exploitation and manipulation of kids. Amnesty International likened the plan to foxes offering to guard the henhouse and said it was incompatible with human rights. Since when did Wetiko or Zuckerberg (I repeat myself) care about that? Would Brin and Page at Google, Wojcicki at YouTube, Bezos at Amazon and whoever the hell runs Twi er act as they do if they were not channelling Wetiko? Would those who are developing technologies for no other reason than human control? How about those designing and selling technologies to kill people and Big Pharma drug and ‘vaccine’ producers who know they will end or devastate lives? Quite a thought for these people to consider is that if you are Wetiko in a human life you are Wetiko on the ‘other side’ unless your frequency

changes and that can only change by a change of perception which becomes a change of behaviour. Where Gates is going does not bear thinking about although perhaps that’s exactly where he wants to go. Either way, that’s where he’s going. His frequency will make it so.

The frequency lair I have been saying for a long time that a big part of the addiction to smartphones and devices is that a frequency is coming off them that entraps the mind. People spend ages on their phones and sometimes even a minute or so a er they put them down they pick them up again and it all repeats. ‘Covid’ lockdowns will have increased this addiction a million times for obvious reasons. Addictions to alcohol overindulgence and drugs are another way that Wetiko entraps consciousness to a ach to its own. Both are symptoms of lowvibrational psychological distress which alcoholism and drug addiction further compound. Do we think it’s really a coincidence that access to them is made so easy while potions that can take people into realms beyond the simulation are banned and illegal? I have explored smartphone addiction in other books, the scale is mind-blowing, and that level of addiction does not come without help. Tech companies that make these phones are Wetiko and they will have no qualms about destroying the minds of children. We are seeing again with these companies the Wetiko perceptual combination of psychopathic enforcers and weak and meek unquestioning compliance by the rank and file. The global Smart Grid is the Wetiko Grid and it is crucial to complete the Cult endgame. The simulation is radiation and we are being deluged with technological radiation on a devastating scale. Wetiko frauds like Elon Musk serve Cult interests while occasionally criticising them to maintain his street-cred. 5G and other forms of Wi-Fi are being directed at the earth from space on a volume and scale that goes on increasing by the day. Elon Musk’s (officially) SpaceX Starlink project is in the process of pu ing tens of thousands of satellites in low orbit to cover every inch of the planet with 5G and other Wi-Fi to create Kurzweil’s global ‘cloud’ to which the

human mind is planned to be a ached very soon. SpaceX has approval to operate 12,000 satellites with more than 1,300 launched at the time of writing and applications filed for 30,000 more. Other operators in the Wi-Fi, 5G, low-orbit satellite market include OneWeb (UK), Telesat (Canada), and AST & Science (US). Musk tells us that AI could be the end of humanity and then launches a company called Neuralink to connect the human brain to computers. Musk’s (in theory) Tesla company is building electric cars and the driverless vehicles of the smart control grid. As frauds and bullshi ers go Elon Musk in my opinion is Major League. 5G and technological radiation in general are destructive to human health, genetics and psychology and increasing the strength of artificial radiation underpins the five-sense perceptual bubbles which are themselves expressions of radiation or electromagnetism. Freedom activist John Whitehead was so right with his ‘databit by databit, we are building our own electronic concentration camps’. The Smart Grid and 5G is a means to control the human mind and infuse perceptual information into The Field to influence anyone in sync with its frequency. You can change perception and behaviour en masse if you can manipulate the population into those levels of frequency and this is happening all around us today. The arrogance of Musk and his fellow Cult operatives knows no bounds in the way that we see with Gates. Musk’s satellites are so many in number already they are changing the night sky when viewed from Earth. The astronomy community has complained about this and they have seen nothing yet. Some consequences of Musk’s Wetiko hubris include: Radiation; visible pollution of the night sky; interference with astronomy and meteorology; ground and water pollution from intensive use of increasingly many spaceports; accumulating space debris; continual deorbiting and burning up of aging satellites, polluting the atmosphere with toxic dust and smoke; and everincreasing likelihood of collisions. A collective public open le er of complaint to Musk said: We are writing to you … because SpaceX is in process of surrounding the Earth with a network of thousands of satellites whose very purpose is to irradiate every square inch of the

Earth. SpaceX, like everyone else, is treating the radiation as if it were not there. As if the mitochondria in our cells do not depend on electrons moving undisturbed from the food we digest to the oxygen we breathe. As if our nervous systems and our hearts are not subject to radio frequency interference like any piece of electronic equipment. As if the cancer, diabetes, and heart disease that now afflict a majority of the Earth’s population are not metabolic diseases that result from interference with our cellular machinery. As if insects everywhere, and the birds and animals that eat them, are not starving to death as a result.

People like Musk and Gates believe in their limitless Wetiko arrogance that they can do whatever they like to the world because they own it. Consequences for humanity are irrelevant. It’s absolutely time that we stopped taking this shit from these selfstyled masters of the Earth when you consider where this is going.

Why is the Cult so anti-human? I hear this question o en: Why would they do this when it will affect them, too? Ah, but will it? Who is this them? Forget their bodies. They are just vehicles for Wetiko consciousness. When you break it all down to the foundations we are looking at a state of severely distorted consciousness targeting another state of consciousness for assimilation. The rest is detail. The simulation is the fly-trap in which unique sensations of the five senses create a cycle of addiction called reincarnation. Renegade Minds see that everything which happens in our reality is a smaller version of the whole picture in line with the holographic principle. Addiction to the radiation of smart technology is a smaller version of addiction to the whole simulation. Connecting the body/brain to AI is taking that addiction on a giant step further to total ongoing control by assimilating human incarnate consciousness into Wetiko. I have watched during the ‘Covid’ hoax how many are becoming ever more profoundly a ached to Wetiko’s perceptual calling cards of aggressive response to any other point of view (‘There is no other god but me’), psychopathic lack of compassion and empathy, and servile submission to the narrative and will of authority. Wetiko is the psychopaths and subservience to psychopaths. The Cult of Wetiko is

so anti-human because it is not human. It embarked on a mission to destroy human by targeting everything that it means to be human and to survive as human. ‘Covid’ is not the end, just a means to an end. The Cult with its Wetiko consciousness is seeking to change Earth systems, including the atmosphere, to suit them, not humans. The gathering bombardment of 5G alone from ground and space is dramatically changing The Field with which the five senses interact. There is so much more to come if we sit on our hands and hope it will all go away. It is not meant to go away. It is meant to get ever more extreme and we need to face that while we still can – just. Carbon dioxide is the gas of life. Without that human is over. Kaput, gone, history. No natural world, no human. The Cult has created a cock and bull story about carbon dioxide and climate change to justify its reduction to the point where Gates and the ignoramus Biden ‘climate chief’ John Kerry want to suck it out of the atmosphere. Kerry wants to do this because his master Gates does. Wetikos have made the gas of life a demon with the usual support from the Wokers of Extinction Rebellion and similar organisations and the bewildered puppet-child that is Greta Thunberg who was put on the world stage by Klaus Schwab and the World Economic Forum. The name Extinction Rebellion is both ironic and as always Wetiko inversion. The gas that we need to survive must be reduced to save us from extinction. The most basic need of human is oxygen and we now have billions walking around in face nappies depriving body and brain of this essential requirement of human existence. More than that 5G at 60 gigahertz interacts with the oxygen molecule to reduce the amount of oxygen the body can absorb into the bloodstream. The obvious knock-on consequences of that for respiratory and cognitive problems and life itself need no further explanation. Psychopaths like Musk are assembling a global system of satellites to deluge the human atmosphere with this insanity. The man should be in jail. Here we have two most basic of human needs, oxygen and carbon dioxide, being dismantled. Two others, water and food, are ge ing similar treatment with the United Nations Agendas 21 and 2030 – the Great Reset – planning to

centrally control all water and food supplies. People will not even own rain water that falls on their land. Food is affected at the most basic level by reducing carbon dioxide. We have genetic modification or GMO infiltrating the food chain on a mass scale, pesticides and herbicides polluting the air and destroying the soil. Freshwater fish that provide livelihoods for 60 million people and feed hundreds of millions worldwide are being ‘pushed to the brink’ according the conservationists while climate change is the only focus. Now we have Gates and Schwab wanting to dispense with current food sources all together and replace them with a synthetic version which the Wetiko Cult would control in terms of production and who eats and who doesn’t. We have been on the Totalitarian Tiptoe to this for more than 60 years as food has become ever more processed and full of chemical shite to the point today when it’s not natural food at all. As Dr Tom Cowan says: ‘If it has a label don’t eat it.’ Bill Gates is now the biggest owner of farmland in the United States and he does nothing without an ulterior motive involving the Cult. Klaus Schwab wrote: ‘To feed the world in the next 50 years we will need to produce as much food as was produced in the last 10,000 years … food security will only be achieved, however, if regulations on genetically modified foods are adapted to reflect the reality that gene editing offers a precise, efficient and safe method of improving crops.’ Liar. People and the world are being targeted with aluminium through vaccines, chemtrails, food, drink cans, and endless other sources when aluminium has been linked to many health issues including dementia which is increasing year a er year. Insects, bees and wildlife essential to the food chain are being deleted by pesticides, herbicides and radiation which 5G is dramatically increasing with 6G and 7G to come. The pollinating bee population is being devastated while wildlife including birds, dolphins and whales are having their natural radar blocked by the effects of ever-increasing radiation. In the summer windscreens used to be spla ered with insects so numerous were they. It doesn’t happen now. Where have they gone?

Synthetic everything The Cult is introducing genetically-modified versions of trees, plants and insects including a Gates-funded project to unleash hundreds of millions of genetically-modified, lab-altered and patented male mosquitoes to mate with wild mosquitoes and induce genetic flaws that cause them to die out. Clinically-insane Gates-funded Japanese researchers have developed mosquitos that spread vaccine and are dubbed ‘flying vaccinators’. Gates is funding the modification of weather pa erns in part to sell the myth that this is caused by carbon dioxide and he’s funding geoengineering of the skies to change the atmosphere. Some of this came to light with the Gates-backed plan to release tonnes of chalk into the atmosphere to ‘deflect the Sun and cool the planet’. Funny how they do this while the heating effect of the Sun is not factored into climate projections focussed on carbon dioxide. The reason is that they want to reduce carbon dioxide (so don’t mention the Sun), but at the same time they do want to reduce the impact of the Sun which is so essential to human life and health. I have mentioned the sun-cholesterol-vitamin D connection as they demonise the Sun with warnings about skin cancer (caused by the chemicals in sun cream they tell you to splash on). They come from the other end of the process with statin drugs to reduce cholesterol that turns sunlight into vitamin D. A lack of vitamin D leads to a long list of health effects and how vitamin D levels must have fallen with people confined to their homes over ‘Covid’. Gates is funding other forms of geoengineering and most importantly chemtrails which are dropping heavy metals, aluminium and self-replicating nanotechnology onto the Earth which is killing the natural world. See Everything You Need To Know, But Have Never Been Told for the detailed background to this. Every human system is being targeted for deletion by a force that’s not human. The Wetiko Cult has embarked on the process of transforming the human body from biological to synthetic biological as I have explained. Biological is being replaced by the artificial and synthetic – Archontic ‘countermimicry’ – right across human society. The plan eventually is to dispense with the human body altogether

and absorb human consciousness – which it wouldn’t really be by then – into cyberspace (the simulation which is Wetiko/Yaldabaoth). Preparations for that are already happening if people would care to look. The alternative media rightly warns about globalism and ‘the globalists’, but this is far bigger than that and represents the end of the human race as we know it. The ‘bad copy’ of prime reality that Gnostics describe was a bad copy of harmony, wonder and beauty to start with before Wetiko/Yaldabaoth set out to change the simulated ‘copy’ into something very different. The process was slow to start with. Entrapped humans in the simulation timeline were not technologically aware and they had to be brought up to intellectual speed while being suppressed spiritually to the point where they could build their own prison while having no idea they were doing so. We have now reached that stage where technological intellect has the potential to destroy us and that’s why events are moving so fast. Central American shaman Don Juan Matus said: Think for a moment, and tell me how you would explain the contradictions between the intelligence of man the engineer and the stupidity of his systems of belief, or the stupidity of his contradictory behaviour. Sorcerers believe that the predators have given us our systems of beliefs, our ideas of good and evil; our social mores. They are the ones who set up our dreams of success or failure. They have given us covetousness, greed, and cowardice. It is the predator who makes us complacent, routinary, and egomaniacal. In order to keep us obedient and meek and weak, the predators engaged themselves in a stupendous manoeuvre – stupendous, of course, from the point of view of a fighting strategist; a horrendous manoeuvre from the point of those who suffer it. They gave us their mind. The predators’ mind is baroque, contradictory, morose, filled with the fear of being discovered any minute now.

For ‘predators’ see Wetiko, Archons, Yaldabaoth, Jinn, and all the other versions of the same phenomenon in cultures and religions all over the world. The theme is always the same because it’s true and it’s real. We have reached the point where we have to deal with it. The question is – how?

Don’t fight – walk away

I thought I’d use a controversial subheading to get things moving in terms of our response to global fascism. What do you mean ‘don’t fight’? What do you mean ‘walk away’? We’ve got to fight. We can’t walk away. Well, it depends what we mean by fight and walk away. If fighting means physical combat we are playing Wetiko’s game and falling for its trap. It wants us to get angry, aggressive, and direct hate and hostility at the enemy we think we must fight. Every war, every ba le, every conflict, has been fought with Wetiko leading both sides. It’s what it does. Wetiko wants a fight, anywhere, any place. Just hit me, son, so I can hit you back. Wetiko hits Wetiko and Wetiko hits Wetiko in return. I am very forthright as you can see in exposing Wetikos of the Cult, but I don’t hate them. I refuse to hate them. It’s what they want. What you hate you become. What you fight you become. Wokers, ‘anti-haters’ and ‘anti-fascists’ prove this every time they reach for their keyboards or don their balaclavas. By walk away I mean to disengage from Wetiko which includes ceasing to cooperate with its tyranny. Paul Levy says of Wetiko: The way to ‘defeat’ evil is not to try to destroy it (for then, in playing evil’s game, we have already lost), but rather, to find the invulnerable place within ourselves where evil is unable to vanquish us – this is to truly ‘win’ our battle with evil.

Wetiko is everywhere in human society and it’s been on steroids since the ‘Covid’ hoax. Every shouting match over wearing masks has Wetiko wearing a mask and Wetiko not wearing one. It’s an electrical circuit of push and resist, push and resist, with Wetiko pushing and resisting. Each polarity is Wetiko empowering itself. Dictionary definitions of ‘resist’ include ‘opposing, refusing to accept or comply with’ and the word to focus on is ‘opposing’. What form does this take – se ing police cars alight or ‘refusing to accept or comply with’? The former is Wetiko opposing Wetiko while the other points the way forward. This is the difference between those aggressively demanding that government fascism must be obeyed who stand in stark contrast to the great majority of Pushbackers. We saw this clearly with a march by thousands of Pushbackers against lockdown in London followed days later by a Woker-hijacked

protest in Bristol in which police cars were set on fire. Masks were virtually absent in London and widespread in Bristol. Wetiko wants lockdown on every level of society and infuses its aggression to police it through its unknowing stooges. Lockdown protesters are the ones with the smiling faces and the hugs, The two blatantly obvious states of being – ge ing more obvious by the day – are the result of Wokers and their like becoming ever more influenced by the simulation Field of Wetiko and Pushbackers ever more influenced by The Field of a far higher vibration beyond the simulation. Wetiko can’t invade the heart which is where most lockdown opponents are coming from. It’s the heart that allows them to see through the lies to the truth in ways I will be highlighting. Renegade Minds know that calmness is the place from which wisdom comes. You won’t find wisdom in a hissing fit and wisdom is what we need in abundance right now. Calmness is not weakness – you don’t have to scream at the top of your voice to be strong. Calmness is indeed a sign of strength. ‘No’ means I’m not doing it. NOOOO!!! doesn’t mean you’re not doing it even more. Volume does not advance ‘No – I’m not doing it’. You are just not doing it. Wetiko possessed and influenced don’t know how to deal with that. Wetiko wants a fight and we should not give it one. What it needs more than anything is our cooperation and we should not give that either. Mass rallies and marches are great in that they are a visual representation of feeling, but if it ends there they are irrelevant. You demand that Wetikos act differently? Well, they’re not going to are they? They are Wetikos. We don’t need to waste our time demanding that something doesn’t happen when that will make no difference. We need to delete the means that allows it to happen. This, invariably, is our cooperation. You can demand a child stop firing a peashooter at the dog or you can refuse to buy the peashooter. If you provide the means you are cooperating with the dog being smacked on the nose with a pea. How can the authorities enforce mask-wearing if millions in a country refuse? What if the 74 million Pushbackers that voted for Trump in 2020 refused to wear masks, close their businesses or stay in their homes. It would be unenforceable. The

few control the many through the compliance of the many and that’s always been the dynamic be it ‘Covid’ regulations or the Roman Empire. I know people can find it intimidating to say no to authority or stand out in a crowd for being the only one with a face on display; but it has to be done or it’s over. I hope I’ve made clear in this book that where this is going will be far more intimidating than standing up now and saying ‘No’ – I will not cooperate with my own enslavement and that of my children. There might be consequences for some initially, although not so if enough do the same. The question that must be addressed is what is going to happen if we don’t? It is time to be strong and unyieldingly so. No means no. Not here and there, but everywhere and always. I have refused to wear a mask and obey all the other nonsense. I will not comply with tyranny. I repeat: Fascism is not imposed by fascists – there are never enough of them. Fascism is imposed by the population acquiescing to fascism. I will not do it. I will die first, or my body will. Living meekly under fascism is a form of death anyway, the death of the spirit that Martin Luther King described.

Making things happen We must not despair. This is not over till it’s over and it’s far from that. The ‘fat lady’ must refuse to sing. The longer the ‘Covid’ hoax has dragged on and impacted on more lives we have seen an awakening of phenomenal numbers of people worldwide to the realisation that what they have believed all their lives is not how the world really is. Research published by the system-serving University of Bristol and King’s College London in February, 2021, concluded: ‘One in every 11 people in Britain say they trust David Icke’s take on the coronavirus pandemic.’ It will be more by now and we have gathering numbers to build on. We must urgently progress from seeing the scam to ceasing to cooperate with it. Prominent German lawyer Reiner Fuellmich, also licenced to practice law in America, is doing a magnificent job taking the legal route to bring the psychopaths to justice through a second Nuremberg tribunal for crimes against humanity. Fuellmich has an impressive record of

beating the elite in court and he formed the German Corona Investigative Commi ee to pursue civil charges against the main perpetrators with a view to triggering criminal charges. Most importantly he has grasped the foundation of the hoax – the PCR test not testing for the ‘virus’ – and Christian Drosten is therefore on his charge sheet along with Gates frontman Tedros at the World Health Organization. Major players must be not be allowed to inflict their horrors on the human race without being brought to book. A life sentence must follow for Bill Gates and the rest of them. A group of researchers has also indicted the government of Norway for crimes against humanity with copies sent to the police and the International Criminal Court. The lawsuit cites participation in an internationally-planned false pandemic and violation of international law and human rights, the European Commission’s definition of human rights by coercive rules, Nuremberg and Hague rules on fundamental human rights, and the Norwegian constitution. We must take the initiative from hereon and not just complain, protest and react. There are practical ways to support vital mass non-cooperation. Organising in numbers is one. Lockdown marches in London in the spring in 2021 were mass non-cooperation that the authorities could not stop. There were too many people. Hundreds of thousands walked the London streets in the centre of the road for mile a er mile while the Face-Nappies could only look on. They were determined, but calm, and just did it with no histrionics and lots of smiles. The police were impotent. Others are organising group shopping without masks for mutual support and imagine if that was happening all over. Policing it would be impossible. If the store refuses to serve people in these circumstances they would be faced with a long line of trolleys full of goods standing on their own and everything would have to be returned to the shelves. How would they cope with that if it kept happening? I am talking here about moving on from complaining to being pro-active; from watching things happen to making things happen. I include in this our relationship with the police. The behaviour of many Face-Nappies

has been disgraceful and anyone who thinks they would never find concentration camp guards in the ‘enlightened’ modern era have had that myth busted big-time. The period and se ing may change – Wetikos never do. I watched film footage from a London march in which a police thug viciously kicked a protestor on the floor who had done nothing. His fellow Face-Nappies stood in a ring protecting him. What he did was a criminal assault and with a crowd far outnumbering the police this can no longer be allowed to happen unchallenged. I get it when people chant ‘shame on you’ in these circumstances, but that is no longer enough. They have no shame those who do this. Crowds needs to start making a citizen’s arrest of the police who commit criminal offences and brutally a ack innocent people and defenceless women. A citizen’s arrest can be made under section 24A of the UK Police and Criminal Evidence (PACE) Act of 1984 and you will find something similar in other countries. I prefer to call it a Common Law arrest rather than citizen’s for reasons I will come to shortly. Anyone can arrest a person commi ing an indictable offence or if they have reasonable grounds to suspect they are commi ing an indictable offence. On both counts the a ack by the police thug would have fallen into this category. A citizen’s arrest can be made to stop someone: • • • •

Causing physical injury to himself or any other person Suffering physical injury Causing loss of or damage to property Making off before a constable can assume responsibility for him

A citizen’s arrest may also be made to prevent a breach of the peace under Common Law and if they believe a breach of the peace will happen or anything related to harm likely to be done or already done in their presence. This is the way to go I think – the Common Law version. If police know that the crowd and members of the public will no longer be standing and watching while they commit

their thuggery and crimes they will think twice about acting like Brownshirts and Blackshirts.

Common Law – common sense Mention of Common Law is very important. Most people think the law is the law as in one law. This is not the case. There are two bodies of law, Common Law and Statute Law, and they are not the same. Common Law is founded on the simple premise of do no harm. It does not recognise victimless crimes in which no harm is done while Statute Law does. There is a Statute Law against almost everything. So what is Statute Law? Amazingly it’s the law of the sea that was brought ashore by the Cult to override the law of the land which is Common Law. They had no right to do this and as always they did it anyway. They had to. They could not impose their will on the people through Common Law which only applies to do no harm. How could you stitch up the fine detail of people’s lives with that? Instead they took the law of the sea, or Admiralty Law, and applied it to the population. Statute Law refers to all the laws spewing out of governments and their agencies including all the fascist laws and regulations relating to ‘Covid’. The key point to make is that Statute Law is contract law. It only applies between contracting corporations. Most police officers don’t even know this. They have to be kept in the dark, too. Long ago when merchants and their sailing ships began to trade with different countries a contractual law was developed called Admiralty Law and other names. Again it only applied to contracts agreed between corporate entities. If there is no agreed contract the law of the sea had no jurisdiction and that still applies to its new alias of Statute Law. The problem for the Cult when the law of the sea was brought ashore was an obvious one. People were not corporations and neither were government entities. To overcome the la er they made governments and all associated organisations corporations. All the institutions are private corporations and I mean governments and their agencies, local councils, police, courts, military, US states, the whole lot. Go to the

Dun and Bradstreet corporate listings website for confirmation that they are all corporations. You are arrested by a private corporation called the police by someone who is really a private security guard and they take you to court which is another private corporation. Neither have jurisdiction over you unless you consent and contract with them. This is why you hear the mantra about law enforcement policing by consent of the people. In truth the people ‘consent’ only in theory through monumental trickery. Okay, the Cult overcame the corporate law problem by making governments and institutions corporate entities; but what about people? They are not corporations are they? Ah ... well in a sense, and only a sense, they are. Not people exactly – the illusion of people. The Cult creates a corporation in the name of everyone at the time that their birth certificate is issued. Note birth/ berth certificate and when you go to court under the law of the sea on land you stand in a dock. These are throwbacks to the origin. My Common Law name is David Vaughan Icke. The name of the corporation created by the government when I was born is called Mr David Vaughan Icke usually wri en in capitals as MR DAVID VAUGHAN ICKE. That is not me, the living, breathing man. It is a fictitious corporate entity. The trick is to make you think that David Vaughan Icke and MR DAVID VAUGHAN ICKE are the same thing. They are not. When police charge you and take you to court they are prosecuting the corporate entity and not the living, breathing, man or woman. They have to trick you into identifying as the corporate entity and contracting with them. Otherwise they have no jurisdiction. They do this through a language known as legalese. Lawful and legal are not the same either. Lawful relates to Common Law and legal relates to Statute Law. Legalese is the language of Statue Law which uses terms that mean one thing to the public and another in legalese. Notice that when a police officer tells someone why they are being charged he or she will say at the end: ‘Do you understand?’ To the public that means ‘Do you comprehend?’ In legalese it means ‘Do you stand under me?’ Do you stand under my authority? If you say

yes to the question you are unknowingly agreeing to give them jurisdiction over you in a contract between two corporate entities. This is a confidence trick in every way. Contracts have to be agreed between informed parties and if you don’t know that David Vaughan Icke is agreeing to be the corporation MR DAVID VAUGHAN ICKE you cannot knowingly agree to contract. They are deceiving you and another way they do this is to ask for proof of identity. You usually show them a driving licence or other document on which your corporate name is wri en. In doing so you are accepting that you are that corporate entity when you are not. Referring to yourself as a ‘person’ or ‘citizen’ is also identifying with your corporate fiction which is why I made the Common Law point about the citizen’s arrest. If you are approached by a police officer you identify yourself immediately as a living, breathing, man or woman and say ‘I do not consent, I do not contract with you and I do not understand’ or stand under their authority. I have a Common Law birth certificate as a living man and these are available at no charge from commonlawcourt.com. Businesses registered under the Statute Law system means that its laws apply. There are, however, ways to run a business under Common Law. Remember all ‘Covid’ laws and regulations are Statute Law – the law of contracts and you do not have to contract. This doesn’t mean that you can kill someone and get away with it. Common Law says do no harm and that applies to physical harm, financial harm etc. Police are employees of private corporations and there needs to be a new system of noncorporate Common Law constables operating outside the Statute Law system. If you go to davidicke.com and put Common Law into the search engine you will find videos that explain Common Law in much greater detail. It is definitely a road we should walk.

With all my heart I have heard people say that we are in a spiritual war. I don’t like the term ‘war’ with its Wetiko dynamic, but I know what they mean. Sweep aside all the bodily forms and we are in a situation in which two states of consciousness are seeking very different realities.

Wetiko wants upheaval, chaos, fear, suffering, conflict and control. The other wants love, peace, harmony, fairness and freedom. That’s where we are. We should not fall for the idea that Wetiko is allpowerful and there’s nothing we can do. Wetiko is not all-powerful. It’s a joke, pathetic. It doesn’t have to be, but it has made that choice for now. A handful of times over the years when I have felt the presence of its frequency I have allowed it to a ach briefly so I could consciously observe its nature. The experience is not pleasant, the energy is heavy and dark, but the ease with which you can kick it back out the door shows that its real power is in persuading us that it has power. It’s all a con. Wetiko is a con. It’s a trickster and not a power that can control us if we unleash our own. The con is founded on manipulating humanity to give its power to Wetiko which recycles it back to present the illusion that it has power when its power is ours that we gave away. This happens on an energetic level and plays out in the world of the seen as humanity giving its power to Wetiko authority which uses that power to control the population when the power is only the power the population has handed over. How could it be any other way for billions to be controlled by a relative few? I have had experiences with people possessed by Wetiko and again you can kick its arse if you do it with an open heart. Oh yes – the heart which can transform the world of perceived ‘ma er’. We are receiver-transmi ers and processors of information, but what information and where from? Information is processed into perception in three main areas – the brain, the heart and the belly. These relate to thinking, knowing, and emotion. Wetiko wants us to be head and belly people which means we think within the confines of the Matrix simulation and low-vibrational emotional reaction scrambles balance and perception. A few minutes on social media and you see how emotion is the dominant force. Woke is all emotion and is therefore thought-free and fact-free. Our heart is something different. It knows while the head thinks and has to try to work it out because it doesn’t know. The human energy field has seven prime vortexes which connect us with wider reality (Fig 23). Chakra means

‘wheels of light’ in the Sanskrit language of ancient India. The main ones are: The crown chakra on top of the head; brow (or ‘third eye’) chakra in the centre of the forehead; throat chakra; heart chakra in the centre of the chest; solar plexus chakra below the sternum; sacral chakra beneath the navel; and base chakra at the bo om of the spine. Each one has a particular function or functions. We feel anxiety and nervousness in the belly where the sacral chakra is located and this processes emotion that can affect the colon to give people ‘the shits’ or make them ‘shit scared’ when they are nervous. Chakras all play an important role, but the Mr and Mrs Big is the heart chakra which sits at the centre of the seven, above the chakras that connect us to the ‘physical’ and below those that connect with higher realms (or at least should). Here in the heart chakra we feel love, empathy and compassion – ‘My heart goes out to you’. Those with closed hearts become literally ‘heart-less’ in their a itudes and behaviour (see Bill Gates). Native Americans portrayed Wetiko with what Paul Levy calls a ‘frigid, icy heart, devoid of mercy’ (see Bill Gates).

Figure 23: The chakra system which interpenetrates the human energy field. The heart chakra is the governor – or should be.

Wetiko trembles at the thought of heart energy which it cannot infiltrate. The frequency is too high. What it seeks to do instead is close the heart chakra vortex to block its perceptual and energetic influence. Psychopaths have ‘hearts of stone’ and emotionallydamaged people have ‘heartache’ and ‘broken hearts’. The astonishing amount of heart disease is related to heart chakra

disruption with its fundamental connection to the ‘physical’ heart. Dr Tom Cowan has wri en an outstanding book challenging the belief that the heart is a pump and making the connection between the ‘physical’ and spiritual heart. Rudolph Steiner who was way ahead of his time said the same about the fallacy that the heart is a pump. What? The heart is not a pump? That’s crazy, right? Everybody knows that. Read Cowan’s Human Heart, Cosmic Heart and you will realise that the very idea of the heart as a pump is ridiculous when you see the evidence. How does blood in the feet so far from the heart get pumped horizontally up the body by the heart?? Cowan explains in the book the real reason why blood moves as it does. Our ‘physical’ heart is used to symbolise love when the source is really the heart vortex or spiritual heart which is our most powerful energetic connection to ‘out there’ expanded consciousness. That’s why we feel knowing – intuitive knowing – in the centre of the chest. Knowing doesn’t come from a process of thoughts leading to a conclusion. It is there in an instant all in one go. Our heart knows because of its connection to levels of awareness that do know. This is the meaning and source of intuition – intuitive knowing. For the last more than 30 years of uncovering the global game and the nature of reality my heart has been my constant antenna for truth and accuracy. An American intelligence insider once said that I had quoted a disinformer in one of my books and yet I had only quoted the part that was true. He asked: ‘How do you do that?’ By using my heart antenna was the answer and anyone can do it. Heartcentred is how we are meant to be. With a closed heart chakra we withdraw into a closed mind and the bubble of five-sense reality. If you take a moment to focus your a ention on the centre of your chest, picture a spinning wheel of light and see it opening and expanding. You will feel it happening, too, and perceptions of the heart like joy and love as the heart impacts on the mind as they interact. The more the chakra opens the more you will feel expressions of heart consciousness and as the process continues, and becomes part of you, insights and knowings will follow. An open

heart is connected to that level of awareness that knows all is One. You will see from its perspective that the fault-lines that divide us are only illusions to control us. An open heart does not process the illusions of race, creed and sexuality except as brief experiences for a consciousness that is all. Our heart does not see division, only unity (Figs 24 and 25). There’s something else, too. Our hearts love to laugh. Mark Twain’s quote that says ‘The human race has one really effective weapon, and that is laughter’ is really a reference to the heart which loves to laugh with the joy of knowing the true nature of infinite reality and that all the madness of human society is an illusion of the mind. Twain also said: ‘Against the assault of laughter nothing can stand.’ This is so true of Wetiko and the Cult. Their insecurity demands that they be taken seriously and their power and authority acknowledged and feared. We should do nothing of the sort. We should not get aggressive or fearful which their insecurity so desires. We should laugh in their face. Even in their no-face as police come over in their face-nappies and expect to be taken seriously. They don’t take themselves seriously looking like that so why should we? Laugh in the face of intimidation. Laugh in the face of tyranny. You will see by its reaction that you have pressed all of its bu ons. Wetiko does not know what to do in the face of laughter or when its targets refuse to concede their joy to fear. We have seen many examples during the ‘Covid’ hoax when people have expressed their energetic power and the string puppets of Wetiko retreat with their tail limp between their knees. Laugh – the world is bloody mad a er all and if it’s a choice between laughter and tears I know which way I’m going.

Figure 24: Head consciousness without the heart sees division and everything apart from everything else.

Figure 25: Heart consciousness sees everything as One.

‘Vaccines’ and the soul The foundation of Wetiko/Archon control of humans is the separation of incarnate five-sense mind from the infinite ‘I’ and closing the heart chakra where the True ‘I’ lives during a human life. The goal has been to achieve complete separation in both cases. I was interested therefore to read an account by a French energetic healer of what she said she experienced with a patient who had been given the ‘Covid’ vaccine. Genuine energy healers can sense information and consciousness fields at different levels of being which are referred to as ‘subtle bodies’. She described treating the patient who later returned a er having, without the healer’s knowledge, two doses of the ‘Covid vaccine’. The healer said: I noticed immediately the change, very heavy energy emanating from [the] subtle bodies. The scariest thing was when I was working on the heart chakra, I connected with her soul: it was detached from the physical body, it had no contact and it was, as if it was floating in a state of total confusion: a damage to the consciousness that loses contact with the physical body, i.e. with our biological machine, there is no longer any communication between them. I continued the treatment by sending light to the heart chakra, the soul of the person, but it seemed that the soul could no longer receive any light, frequency or energy. It was a very powerful experience for me. Then I understood that this substance is indeed used to detach consciousness so that this consciousness can no longer interact through this body that it possesses in life, where there is no longer any contact, no frequency, no light, no more energetic balance or mind.

This would create a human that is rudderless and at the extreme almost zombie-like operating with a fractional state of consciousness at the mercy of Wetiko. I was especially intrigued by what the healer said in the light of the prediction by the highly-informed Rudolf Steiner more than a hundred years ago. He said: In the future, we will eliminate the soul with medicine. Under the pretext of a ‘healthy point of view’, there will be a vaccine by which the human body will be treated as soon as possible directly at birth, so that the human being cannot develop the thought of the existence of soul and Spirit. To materialistic doctors will be entrusted the task of removing the soul of humanity. As today, people are vaccinated against this disease or that disease, so in the future, children will be vaccinated with a substance that can be produced precisely in such a way that people, thanks to this vaccination, will be immune to being subjected to the ‘madness’ of spiritual life. He would be extremely smart, but he would not develop a conscience, and that is the true goal of some materialistic circles.

Steiner said the vaccine would detach the physical body from the etheric body (subtle bodies) and ‘once the etheric body is detached the relationship between the universe and the etheric body would become extremely unstable, and man would become an automaton’. He said ‘the physical body of man must be polished on this Earth by spiritual will – so the vaccine becomes a kind of arymanique (Wetiko) force’ and ‘man can no longer get rid of a given materialistic feeling’. Humans would then, he said, become ‘materialistic of constitution and can no longer rise to the spiritual’. I have been writing for years about DNA being a receiver-transmi er of information that connects us to other levels of reality and these ‘vaccines’ changing DNA can be likened to changing an antenna and what it can transmit and receive. Such a disconnection would clearly lead to changes in personality and perception. Steiner further predicted the arrival of AI. Big Pharma ‘Covid vaccine’ makers, expressions of Wetiko, are testing their DNA-manipulating evil on children as I write with a view to giving the ‘vaccine’ to babies. If it’s a soul-body disconnector – and I say that it is or can be – every child would be disconnected from ‘soul’ at birth and the ‘vaccine’ would create a closed system in which spiritual guidance from the greater self would play no part. This has been the ambition of Wetiko all

along. A Pentagon video from 2005 was leaked of a presentation explaining the development of vaccines to change behaviour by their effect on the brain. Those that believe this is not happening with the ‘Covid’ genetically-modifying procedure masquerading as a ‘vaccine’ should make an urgent appointment with Naivety Anonymous. Klaus Schwab wrote in 2018: Neurotechnologies enable us to better influence consciousness and thought and to understand many activities of the brain. They include decoding what we are thinking in fine levels of detail through new chemicals and interventions that can influence our brains to correct for errors or enhance functionality.

The plan is clear and only the heart can stop it. With every heart that opens, every mind that awakens, Wetiko is weakened. Heart and love are far more powerful than head and hate and so nothing like a majority is needed to turn this around.

Beyond the Phantom Our heart is the prime target of Wetiko and so it must be the answer to Wetiko. We are our heart which is part of one heart, the infinite heart. Our heart is where the true self lives in a human life behind firewalls of five-sense illusion when an imposter takes its place – Phantom Self; but our heart waits patiently to be set free any time we choose to see beyond the Phantom, beyond Wetiko. A Wetikoed Phantom Self can wreak mass death and destruction while the love of forever is locked away in its heart. The time is here to unleash its power and let it sweep away the fear and despair that is Wetiko. Heart consciousness does not seek manipulated, censored, advantage for its belief or religion, its activism and desires. As an expression of the One it treats all as One with the same rights to freedom and opinion. Our heart demands fairness for itself no more than for others. From this unity of heart we can come together in mutual support and transform this Wetikoed world into what reality is meant to be – a place of love, joy, happiness, fairness, justice and freedom. Wetiko has another agenda and that’s why the world is as

it is, but enough of this nonsense. Wetiko can’t stay where hearts are open and it works so hard to keep them closed. Fear is its currency and its food source and love in its true sense has no fear. Why would love have fear when it knows it is All That Is, Has Been, And Ever Can Be on an eternal exploration of all possibility? Love in this true sense is not the physical a raction that passes for love. This can be an expression of it, yes, but Infinite Love, a love without condition, goes far deeper to the core of all being. It is the core of all being. Infinite realty was born from love beyond the illusions of the simulation. Love infinitely expressed is the knowing that all is One and the swi ly-passing experience of separation is a temporary hallucination. You cannot disconnect from Oneness; you can only perceive that you have and withdraw from its influence. This is the most important of all perception trickery by the mind parasite that is Wetiko and the foundation of all its potential for manipulation. If we open our hearts, open the sluice gates of the mind, and redefine self-identity amazing things start to happen. Consciousness expands or contracts in accordance with self-identity. When true self is recognised as infinite awareness and label self – Phantom Self – is seen as only a series of brief experiences life is transformed. Consciousness expands to the extent that self-identity expands and everything changes. You see unity, not division, the picture, not the pixels. From this we can play the long game. No more is an experience something in and of itself, but a fleeting moment in the eternity of forever. Suddenly people in uniform and dark suits are no longer intimidating. Doing what your heart knows to be right is no longer intimidating and consequences for those actions take on the same nature of a brief experience that passes in the blink of an infinite eye. Intimidation is all in the mind. Beyond the mind there is no intimidation. An open heart does not consider consequences for what it knows to be right. To do so would be to consider not doing what it knows to be right and for a heart in its power that is never an option. The Renegade Mind is really the Renegade Heart. Consideration of consequences will always provide a getaway car for the mind and

the heart doesn’t want one. What is right in the light of what we face today is to stop cooperating with Wetiko in all its forms and to do it without fear or compromise. You cannot compromise with tyranny when tyranny always demands more until it has everything. Life is your perception and you are your destiny. Change your perception and you change your life. Change collective perception and we change the world. Come on people … One human family, One heart, One goal … FREEEEEEDOM! We must se le for nothing less.

Postscript

T

he big scare story as the book goes to press is the ‘Indian’ variant and the world is being deluged with propaganda about the ‘Covid catastrophe’ in India which mirrors in its lies and misrepresentations what happened in Italy before the first lockdown in 2020. The New York Post published a picture of someone who had ‘collapsed in the street from Covid’ in India in April, 2021, which was actually taken during a gas leak in May, 2020. Same old, same old. Media articles in mid-February were asking why India had been so untouched by ‘Covid’ and then as their vaccine rollout gathered pace the alleged ‘cases’ began to rapidly increase. Indian ‘Covid vaccine’ maker Bharat Biotech was funded into existence by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (the pair announced their divorce in May, 2021, which is a pity because they so deserve each other). The Indian ‘Covid crisis’ was ramped up by the media to terrify the world and prepare people for submission to still more restrictions. The scam that worked the first time was being repeated only with far more people seeing through the deceit. Davidicke.com and Ickonic.com have sought to tell the true story of what is happening by talking to people living through the Indian nightmare which has nothing to do with ‘Covid’. We posted a le er from ‘Alisha’ in Pune who told a very different story to government and media mendacity. She said scenes of dying people and overwhelmed hospitals were designed to hide what was really happening – genocide and starvation. Alisha said that millions had already died of starvation during the ongoing lockdowns while government and media were lying and making it look like the ‘virus’:

Restaurants, shops, gyms, theatres, basically everything is shut. The cities are ghost towns. Even so-called ‘essential’ businesses are only open till 11am in the morning. You basically have just an hour to buy food and then your time is up. Inter-state travel and even inter-district travel is banned. The cops wait at all major crossroads to question why you are traveling outdoors or to fine you if you are not wearing a mask. The medical community here is also complicit in genocide, lying about hospitals being full and turning away people with genuine illnesses, who need immediate care. They have even created a shortage of oxygen cylinders.

This is the classic Cult modus operandi played out in every country. Alisha said that people who would not have a PCR test not testing for the ‘virus’ were being denied hospital treatment. She said the people hit hardest were migrant workers and those in rural areas. Most businesses employed migrant workers and with everything closed there were no jobs, no income and no food. As a result millions were dying of starvation or malnutrition. All this was happening under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, a 100-percent asset of the Cult, and it emphasises yet again the scale of pure antihuman evil we are dealing with. Australia banned its people from returning home from India with penalties for trying to do so of up to five years in jail and a fine of £37,000. The manufactured ‘Covid’ crisis in India was being prepared to justify further fascism in the West. Obvious connections could be seen between the Indian ‘vaccine’ programme and increased ‘cases’ and this became a common theme. The Seychelles, the most per capita ‘Covid vaccinated’ population in the world, went back into lockdown a er a ‘surge of cases’. Long ago the truly evil Monsanto agricultural biotechnology corporation with its big connections to Bill Gates devastated Indian farming with genetically-modified crops. Human rights activist Gurcharan Singh highlighted the efforts by the Indian government to complete the job by destroying the food supply to hundreds of millions with ‘Covid’ lockdowns. He said that 415 million people at the bo om of the disgusting caste system (still going whatever they say) were below the poverty line and struggled to feed themselves every year. Now the government was imposing lockdown at just the

time to destroy the harvest. This deliberate policy was leading to mass starvation. People may reel back at the suggestion that a government would do that, but Wetiko-controlled ‘leaders’ are capable of any level of evil. In fact what is described in India is in the process of being instigated worldwide. The food chain and food supply are being targeted at every level to cause world hunger and thus control. Bill Gates is not the biggest owner of farmland in America for no reason and destroying access to food aids both the depopulation agenda and the plan for synthetic ‘food’ already being funded into existence by Gates. Add to this the coming hyperinflation from the suicidal creation of fake ‘money’ in response to ‘Covid’ and the breakdown of container shipping systems and you have a cocktail that can only lead one way and is meant to. The Cult plan is to crash the entire system to ‘build back be er’ with the Great Reset.

‘Vaccine’ transmission Reports from all over the world continue to emerge of women suffering menstrual and fertility problems a er having the fake ‘vaccine’ and of the non-’vaccinated’ having similar problems when interacting with the ‘vaccinated’. There are far too many for ‘coincidence’ to be credible. We’ve had menopausal women ge ing periods, others having periods stop or not stopping for weeks, passing clots, sometimes the lining of the uterus, breast irregularities, and miscarriages (which increased by 400 percent in parts of the United States). Non-‘vaccinated’ men and children have suffered blood clots and nose bleeding a er interaction with the ‘vaccinated’. Babies have died from the effects of breast milk from a ‘vaccinated’ mother. Awake doctors – the small minority – speculated on the cause of non-’vaccinated’ suffering the same effects as the ‘vaccinated’. Was it nanotechnology in the synthetic substance transmi ing frequencies or was it a straight chemical bioweapon that was being transmi ed between people? I am not saying that some kind of chemical transmission is not one possible answer, but the foundation of all that the Cult does is frequency and

this is fertile ground for understanding how transmission can happen. American doctor Carrie Madej, an internal medicine physician and osteopath, has been practicing for the last 20 years, teaching medical students, and she says a ending different meetings where the agenda for humanity was discussed. Madej, who operates out of Georgia, did not dismiss other possible forms of transmission, but she focused on frequency in search of an explanation for transmission. She said the Moderna and Pfizer ‘vaccines’ contained nano-lipid particles as a key component. This was a brand new technology never before used on humanity. ‘They’re using a nanotechnology which is pre y much li le tiny computer bits … nanobots or hydrogel.’ Inside the ‘vaccines’ was ‘this sci-fi kind of substance’ which suppressed immune checkpoints to get into the cell. I referred to this earlier as the ‘Trojan horse’ technique that tricks the cell into opening a gateway for the self-replicating synthetic material and while the immune system is artificially suppressed the body has no defences. Madej said the substance served many purposes including an on-demand ability to ‘deliver the payload’ and using the nano ‘computer bits’ as biosensors in the body. ‘It actually has the ability to accumulate data from your body, like your breathing, your respiration, thoughts, emotions, all kinds of things.’ She said the technology obviously has the ability to operate through Wi-Fi and transmit and receive energy, messages, frequencies or impulses. ‘Just imagine you’re ge ing this new substance in you and it can react to things all around you, the 5G, your smart device, your phones.’ We had something completely foreign in the human body that had never been launched large scale at a time when we were seeing 5G going into schools and hospitals (plus the Musk satellites) and she believed the ‘vaccine’ transmission had something to do with this: ‘… if these people have this inside of them … it can act like an antenna and actually transmit it outwardly as well.’ The synthetic substance produced its own voltage and so it could have that kind of effect. This fits with my own contention that the nano receiver-transmi ers are designed to connect people to the

Smart Grid and break the receiver-transmi er connection to expanded consciousness. That would explain the French energy healer’s experience of the disconnection of body from ‘soul’ with those who have had the ‘vaccine’. The nanobots, self-replicating inside the body, would also transmit the synthetic frequency which could be picked up through close interaction by those who have not been ‘vaccinated’. Madej speculated that perhaps it was 5G and increased levels of other radiation that was causing the symptoms directly although interestingly she said that non-‘vaccinated’ patients had shown improvement when they were away from the ‘vaccinated’ person they had interacted with. It must be remembered that you can control frequency and energy with your mind and you can consciously create energetic barriers or bubbles with the mind to stop damaging frequencies from penetrating your field. American paediatrician Dr Larry Palevsky said the ‘vaccine’ was not a ‘vaccine’ and was never designed to protect from a ‘viral’ infection. He called it ‘a massive, brilliant propaganda of genocide’ because they didn’t have to inject everyone to get the result they wanted. He said the content of the jabs was able to infuse any material into the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, sperm and female productive system. ‘This is genocide; this is a weapon of mass destruction.’ At the same time American colleges were banning students from a ending if they didn’t have this life-changing and potentially life-ending ‘vaccine’. Class action lawsuits must follow when the consequences of this college fascism come to light. As the book was going to press came reports about fertility effects on sperm in ‘vaccinated’ men which would absolutely fit with what I have been saying and hospitals continued to fill with ‘vaccine’ reactions. Another question is what about transmission via blood transfusions? The NHS has extended blood donation restrictions from seven days a er a ‘Covid vaccination’ to 28 days a er even a sore arm reaction. I said in the spring of 2020 that the then touted ‘Covid vaccine’ would be ongoing each year like the flu jab. A year later Pfizer CEO, the appalling Albert Bourla, said people would ‘likely’ need a ‘booster dose’ of the ‘vaccine’ within 12 months of ge ing ‘fully

vaccinated’ and then a yearly shot. ‘Variants will play a key role’, he said confirming the point. Johnson & Johnson CEO Alex Gorsky also took time out from his ‘vaccine’ disaster to say that people may need to be vaccinated against ‘Covid-19’ each year. UK Health Secretary, the psychopath Ma Hancock, said additional ‘boosters’ would be available in the autumn of 2021. This is the trap of the ‘vaccine passport’. The public will have to accept every last ‘vaccine’ they introduce, including for the fake ‘variants’, or it would cease to be valid. The only other way in some cases would be continuous testing with a test not testing for the ‘virus’ and what is on the swabs constantly pushed up your noise towards the brain every time?

‘Vaccines’ changing behaviour I mentioned in the body of the book how I believed we would see gathering behaviour changes in the ‘vaccinated’ and I am already hearing such comments from the non-‘vaccinated’ describing behaviour changes in friends, loved ones and work colleagues. This will only increase as the self-replicating synthetic material and nanoparticles expand in body and brain. An article in the Guardian in 2016 detailed research at the University of Virginia in Charlo esville which developed a new method for controlling brain circuits associated with complex animal behaviour. The method, dubbed ‘magnetogenetics’, involves genetically-engineering a protein called ferritin, which stores and releases iron, to create a magnetised substance – ‘Magneto’ – that can activate specific groups of nerve cells from a distance. This is claimed to be an advance on other methods of brain activity manipulation known as optogenetics and chemogenetics (the Cult has been developing methods of brain control for a long time). The ferritin technique is said to be noninvasive and able to activate neurons ‘rapidly and reversibly’. In other words, human thought and perception. The article said that earlier studies revealed how nerve cell proteins ‘activated by heat and mechanical pressure can be genetically engineered so that they become sensitive to radio waves and magnetic fields, by a aching them to an iron-storing protein called ferritin, or to inorganic

paramagnetic particles’. Sensitive to radio waves and magnetic fields? You mean like 5G, 6G and 7G? This is the human-AI Smart Grid hive mind we are talking about. The Guardian article said: … the researchers injected Magneto into the striatum of freely behaving mice, a deep brain structure containing dopamine-producing neurons that are involved in reward and motivation, and then placed the animals into an apparatus split into magnetised and non-magnetised sections. Mice expressing Magneto spent far more time in the magnetised areas than mice that did not, because activation of the protein caused the striatal neurons expressing it to release dopamine, so that the mice found being in those areas rewarding. This shows that Magneto can remotely control the firing of neurons deep within the brain, and also control complex behaviours.

Make no mistake this basic methodology will be part of the ‘Covid vaccine’ cocktail and using magnetics to change brain function through electromagnetic field frequency activation. The Pentagon is developing a ‘Covid vaccine’ using ferritin. Magnetics would explain changes in behaviour and why videos are appearing across the Internet as I write showing how magnets stick to the skin at the point of the ‘vaccine’ shot. Once people take these ‘vaccines’ anything becomes possible in terms of brain function and illness which will be blamed on ‘Covid-19’ and ‘variants’. Magnetic field manipulation would further explain why the non-‘vaccinated’ are reporting the same symptoms as the ‘vaccinated’ they interact with and why those symptoms are reported to decrease when not in their company. Interestingly ‘Magneto’, a ‘mutant’, is a character in the Marvel Comic X-Men stories with the ability to manipulate magnetic fields and he believes that mutants should fight back against their human oppressors by any means necessary. The character was born Erik Lehnsherr to a Jewish family in Germany.

Cult-controlled courts The European Court of Human Rights opened the door for mandatory ‘Covid-19 vaccines’ across the continent when it ruled in a Czech Republic dispute over childhood immunisation that legally

enforced vaccination could be ‘necessary in a democratic society’. The 17 judges decided that compulsory vaccinations did not breach human rights law. On the face of it the judgement was so inverted you gasp for air. If not having a vaccine infused into your body is not a human right then what is? Ah, but they said human rights law which has been specifically wri en to delete all human rights at the behest of the state (the Cult). Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights relates to the right to a private life. The crucial word here is ‘except’: There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right EXCEPT such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic wellbeing of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others [My emphasis].

No interference except in accordance with the law means there are no ‘human rights’ except what EU governments decide you can have at their behest. ‘As is necessary in a democratic society’ explains that reference in the judgement and ‘in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others’ gives the EU a coach and horses to ride through ‘human rights’ and sca er them in all directions. The judiciary is not a check and balance on government extremism; it is a vehicle to enforce it. This judgement was almost laughably predictable when the last thing the Cult wanted was a decision that went against mandatory vaccination. Judges rule over and over again to benefit the system of which they are a part. Vaccination disputes that come before them are invariably delivered in favour of doctors and authorities representing the view of the state which owns the judiciary. Oh, yes, and we have even had calls to stop pu ing ‘Covid-19’ on death certificates within 28 days of a ‘positive test’ because it is claimed the practice makes the ‘vaccine’ appear not to work. They are laughing at you.

The scale of madness, inhumanity and things to come was highlighted when those not ‘vaccinated’ for ‘Covid’ were refused evacuation from the Caribbean island of St Vincent during massive volcanic eruptions. Cruise ships taking residents to the safety of another island allowed only the ‘vaccinated’ to board and the rest were le to their fate. Even in life and death situations like this we see ‘Covid’ stripping people of their most basic human instincts and the insanity is even more extreme when you think that fake ‘vaccine’-makers are not even claiming their body-manipulating concoctions stop ‘infection’ and ‘transmission’ of a ‘virus’ that doesn’t exist. St Vincent Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves said: ‘The chief medical officer will be identifying the persons already vaccinated so that we can get them on the ship.’ Note again the power of the chief medical officer who, like Whi y in the UK, will be answering to the World Health Organization. This is the Cult network structure that has overridden politicians who ‘follow the science’ which means doing what WHO-controlled ‘medical officers’ and ‘science advisers’ tell them. Gonsalves even said that residents who were ‘vaccinated’ a er the order so they could board the ships would still be refused entry due to possible side effects such as ‘wooziness in the head’. The good news is that if they were woozy enough in the head they could qualify to be prime minister of St Vincent.

Microchipping freedom The European judgement will be used at some point to justify moves to enforce the ‘Covid’ DNA-manipulating procedure. Sandra Ro, CEO of the Global Blockchain Business Council, told a World Economic Forum event that she hoped ‘vaccine passports’ would help to ‘drive forced consent and standardisation’ of global digital identity schemes: ‘I’m hoping with the desire and global demand for some sort of vaccine passport – so that people can get travelling and working again – [it] will drive forced consent, standardisation, and frankly, cooperation across the world.’ The lady is either not very bright, or thoroughly mendacious, to use the term ‘forced consent’.

You do not ‘consent’ if you are forced – you submit. She was describing what the plan has been all along and that’s to enforce a digital identity on every human without which they could not function. ‘Vaccine passports’ are opening the door and are far from the end goal. A digital identity would allow you to be tracked in everything you do in cyberspace and this is the same technique used by Cult-owned China to enforce its social credit system of total control. The ultimate ‘passport’ is planned to be a microchip as my books have warned for nearly 30 years. Those nice people at the Pentagon working for the Cult-controlled Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) claimed in April, 2021, they have developed a microchip inserted under the skin to detect ‘asymptomatic Covid-19 infection’ before it becomes an outbreak and a ‘revolutionary filter’ that can remove the ‘virus’ from the blood when a ached to a dialysis machine. The only problems with this are that the ‘virus’ does not exist and people transmi ing the ‘virus’ with no symptoms is brain-numbing bullshit. This is, of course, not a ruse to get people to be microchipped for very different reasons. DARPA also said it was producing a one-stop ‘vaccine’ for the ‘virus’ and all ‘variants’. One of the most sinister organisations on Planet Earth is doing this? Be er have it then. These people are insane because Wetiko that possesses them is insane. Researchers from the Salk Institute in California announced they have created an embryo that is part human and part monkey. My books going back to the 1990s have exposed experiments in top secret underground facilities in the United States where humans are being crossed with animal and non-human ‘extraterrestrial’ species. They are now easing that long-developed capability into the public arena and there is much more to come given we are dealing with psychiatric basket cases. Talking of which – Elon Musk’s scientists at Neuralink trained a monkey to play Pong and other puzzles on a computer screen using a joystick and when the monkey made the correct move a metal tube squirted banana smoothie into his mouth which is the basic technique for training humans into unquestioning compliance. Two Neuralink chips were in the monkey’s skull and

more than 2,000 wires ‘fanned out’ into its brain. Eventually the monkey played a video game purely with its brain waves. Psychopathic narcissist Musk said the ‘breakthrough’ was a step towards pu ing Neuralink chips into human skulls and merging minds with artificial intelligence. Exactly. This man is so dark and Cult to his DNA.

World Economic Fascism (WEF) The World Economic Forum is telling you the plan by the statements made at its many and various events. Cult-owned fascist YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki spoke at the 2021 WEF Global Technology Governance Summit (see the name) in which 40 governments and 150 companies met to ensure ‘the responsible design and deployment of emerging technologies’. Orwellian translation: ‘Ensuring the design and deployment of long-planned technologies will advance the Cult agenda for control and censorship.’ Freedomdestroyer and Nuremberg-bound Wojcicki expressed support for tech platforms like hers to censor content that is ‘technically legal but could be harmful’. Who decides what is ‘harmful’? She does and they do. ‘Harmful’ will be whatever the Cult doesn’t want people to see and we have legislation proposed by the UK government that would censor content on the basis of ‘harm’ no ma er if the information is fair, legal and provably true. Make that especially if it is fair, legal and provably true. Wojcicki called for a global coalition to be formed to enforce content moderation standards through automated censorship. This is a woman and mega-censor so selfdeluded that she shamelessly accepted a ‘free expression’ award – Wojcicki – in an event sponsored by her own YouTube. They have no shame and no self-awareness. You know that ‘Covid’ is a scam and Wojcicki a Cult operative when YouTube is censoring medical and scientific opinion purely on the grounds of whether it supports or opposes the Cult ‘Covid’ narrative. Florida governor Ron DeSantis compiled an expert panel with four professors of medicine from Harvard, Oxford, and Stanford Universities who spoke against forcing children and

vaccinated people to wear masks. They also said there was no proof that lockdowns reduced spread or death rates of ‘Covid-19’. Cultgofer Wojcicki and her YouTube deleted the panel video ‘because it included content that contradicts the consensus of local and global health authorities regarding the efficacy of masks to prevent the spread of Covid-19’. This ‘consensus’ refers to what the Cult tells the World Health Organization to say and the WHO tells ‘local health authorities’ to do. Wojcicki knows this, of course. The panellists pointed out that censorship of scientific debate was responsible for deaths from many causes, but Wojcicki couldn’t care less. She would not dare go against what she is told and as a disgrace to humanity she wouldn’t want to anyway. The UK government is seeking to pass a fascist ‘Online Safety Bill’ to specifically target with massive fines and other means non-censored video and social media platforms to make them censor ‘lawful but harmful’ content like the Cult-owned Facebook, Twi er, Google and YouTube. What is ‘lawful but harmful’ would be decided by the fascist Blair-created Ofcom. Another WEF obsession is a cyber-a ack on the financial system and this is clearly what the Cult has planned to take down the bank accounts of everyone – except theirs. Those that think they have enough money for the Cult agenda not to ma er to them have got a big lesson coming if they continue to ignore what is staring them in the face. The World Economic Forum, funded by Gates and fronted by Klaus Schwab, announced it would be running a ‘simulation’ with the Russian government and global banks of just such an a ack called Cyber Polygon 2021. What they simulate – as with the ‘Covid’ Event 201 – they plan to instigate. The WEF is involved in a project with the Cult-owned Carnegie Endowment for International Peace called the WEF-Carnegie Cyber Policy Initiative which seeks to merge Wall Street banks, ‘regulators’ (I love it) and intelligence agencies to ‘prevent’ (arrange and allow) a cyber-a ack that would bring down the global financial system as long planned by those that control the WEF and the Carnegie operation. The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace sent an instruction to First World

War US President Woodrow Wilson not to let the war end before society had been irreversibly transformed.

The Wuhan lab diversion As I close, the Cult-controlled authorities and lapdog media are systematically pushing ‘the virus was released from the Wuhan lab’ narrative. There are two versions – it happened by accident and it happened on purpose. Both are nonsense. The perceived existence of the never-shown-to-exist ‘virus’ is vital to sell the impression that there is actually an infective agent to deal with and to allow the endless potential for terrifying the population with ‘variants’ of a ‘virus’ that does not exist. The authorities at the time of writing are going with the ‘by accident’ while the alternative media is promoting the ‘on purpose’. Cable news host Tucker Carlson who has questioned aspects of lockdown and ‘vaccine’ compulsion has bought the Wuhan lab story. ‘Everyone now agrees’ he said. Well, I don’t and many others don’t and the question is why does the system and its media suddenly ‘agree’? When the media moves as one unit with a narrative it is always a lie – witness the hour by hour mendacity of the ‘Covid’ era. Why would this Cult-owned combination which has unleashed lies like machine gun fire suddenly ‘agree’ to tell the truth?? Much of the alternative media is buying the lie because it fits the conspiracy narrative, but it’s the wrong conspiracy. The real conspiracy is that there is no virus and that is what the Cult is desperate to hide. The idea that the ‘virus’ was released by accident is ludicrous when the whole ‘Covid’ hoax was clearly long-planned and waiting to be played out as it was so fast in accordance with the Rockefeller document and Event 201. So they prepared everything in detail over decades and then sat around strumming their fingers waiting for an ‘accidental’ release from a bio-lab? What?? It’s crazy. Then there’s the ‘on purpose’ claim. You want to circulate a ‘deadly virus’ and hide the fact that you’ve done so and you release it down the street from the highest-level bio-lab in China? I repeat – What??

You would release it far from that lab to stop any association being made. But, no, we’ll do it in a place where the connection was certain to be made. Why would you need to scam ‘cases’ and ‘deaths’ and pay hospitals to diagnose ‘Covid-19’ if you had a real ‘virus’? What are sections of the alternative media doing believing this crap? Where were all the mass deaths in Wuhan from a ‘deadly pathogen’ when the recovery to normal life a er the initial propaganda was dramatic in speed? Why isn’t the ‘deadly pathogen’ now circulating all over China with bodies in the street? Once again we have the technique of tell them what they want to hear and they will likely believe it. The alternative media has its ‘conspiracy’ and with Carlson it fits with his ‘China is the danger’ narrative over years. China is a danger as a global Cult operations centre, but not for this reason. The Wuhan lab story also has the potential to instigate conflict with China when at some stage the plan is to trigger a Problem-Reaction-Solution confrontation with the West. Question everything – everything – and especially when the media agrees on a common party line.

Third wave … fourth wave … fifth wave … As the book went into production the world was being set up for more lockdowns and a ‘third wave’ supported by invented ‘variants’ that were increasing all the time and will continue to do so in public statements and computer programs, but not in reality. India became the new Italy in the ‘Covid’ propaganda campaign and we were told to be frightened of the new ‘Indian strain’. Somehow I couldn’t find it within myself to do so. A document produced for the UK government entitled ‘Summary of further modelling of easing of restrictions – Roadmap Step 2’ declared that a third wave was inevitable (of course when it’s in the script) and it would be the fault of children and those who refuse the health-destroying fake ‘Covid vaccine’. One of the computer models involved came from the Cultowned Imperial College and the other from Warwick University which I wouldn’t trust to tell me the date in a calendar factory. The document states that both models presumed extremely high uptake

of the ‘Covid vaccines’ and didn’t allow for ‘variants’. The document states: ‘The resurgence is a result of some people (mostly children) being ineligible for vaccination; others choosing not to receive the vaccine; and others being vaccinated but not perfectly protected.’ The mendacity takes the breath away. Okay, blame those with a brain who won’t take the DNA-modifying shots and put more pressure on children to have it as ‘trials’ were underway involving children as young as six months with parents who give insanity a bad name. Massive pressure is being put on the young to have the fake ‘vaccine’ and child age consent limits have been systematically lowered around the world to stop parents intervening. Most extraordinary about the document was its claim that the ‘third wave’ would be driven by ‘the resurgence in both hospitalisations and deaths … dominated by those that have received two doses of the vaccine, comprising around 60-70% of the wave respectively’. The predicted peak of the ‘third wave’ suggested 300 deaths per day with 250 of them fully ‘vaccinated’ people. How many more lies do acquiescers need to be told before they see the obvious? Those who took the jab to ‘protect themselves’ are projected to be those who mostly get sick and die? So what’s in the ‘vaccine’? The document went on: It is possible that a summer of low prevalence could be followed by substantial increases in incidence over the following autumn and winter. Low prevalence in late summer should not be taken as an indication that SARS-CoV-2 has retreated or that the population has high enough levels of immunity to prevent another wave.

They are telling you the script and while many British people believed ‘Covid’ restrictions would end in the summer of 2021 the government was preparing for them to be ongoing. Authorities were awarding contracts for ‘Covid marshals’ to police the restrictions with contracts starting in July, 2021, and going through to January 31st, 2022, and the government was advertising for ‘Media Buying Services’ to secure media propaganda slots worth a potential £320 million for ‘Covid-19 campaigns’ with a contract not ending until March, 2022. The recipient – via a list of other front companies – was reported to be American media marketing giant Omnicom Group

Inc. While money is no object for ‘Covid’ the UK waiting list for all other treatment – including life-threatening conditions – passed 4.5 million. Meantime the Cult is seeking to control all official ‘inquiries’ to block revelations about what has really been happening and why. It must not be allowed to – we need Nuremberg jury trials in every country. The cover-up doesn’t get more obvious than appointing ultra-Zionist professor Philip Zelikow to oversee two dozen US virologists, public health officials, clinicians, former government officials and four American ‘charitable foundations’ to ‘learn the lessons’ of the ‘Covid’ debacle. The personnel will be those that created and perpetuated the ‘Covid’ lies while Zelikow is the former executive director of the 9/11 Commission who ensured that the truth about those a acks never came out and produced a report that must be among the most mendacious and manipulative documents ever wri en – see The Trigger for the detailed exposure of the almost unimaginable 9/11 story in which Sabbatians can be found at every level.

Passive no more People are increasingly challenging the authorities with amazing numbers of people taking to the streets in London well beyond the ability of the Face-Nappies to stop them. Instead the Nappies choose situations away from the mass crowds to target, intimidate, and seek to promote the impression of ‘violent protestors’. One such incident happened in London’s Hyde Park. Hundreds of thousands walking through the streets in protest against ‘Covid’ fascism were ignored by the Cult-owned BBC and most of the rest of the mainstream media, but they delighted in reporting how police were injured in ‘clashes with protestors’. The truth was that a group of people gathered in Hyde Park at the end of one march when most had gone home and they were peacefully having a good time with music and chat. Face-Nappies who couldn’t deal with the full-march crowd then waded in with their batons and got more than they bargained for. Instead of just standing for this criminal brutality the crowd used their numerical superiority to push the Face-Nappies out of the

park. Eventually the Nappies turned and ran. Unfortunately two or three idiots in the crowd threw drink cans striking two officers which gave the media and the government the image they wanted to discredit the 99.9999 percent who were peaceful. The idiots walked straight into the trap and we must always be aware of potential agent provocateurs used by the authorities to discredit their targets. This response from the crowd – the can people apart – must be a turning point when the public no longer stand by while the innocent are arrested and brutally a acked by the Face-Nappies. That doesn’t mean to be violent, that’s the last thing we need. We’ll leave the violence to the Face-Nappies and government. But it does mean that when the Face-Nappies use violence against peaceful people the numerical superiority is employed to stop them and make citizen’s arrests or Common Law arrests for a breach of the peace. The time for being passive in the face of fascism is over. We are the many, they are the few, and we need to make that count before there is no freedom le and our children and grandchildren face an ongoing fascist nightmare. COME ON PEOPLE – IT’S TIME.

One final thought …

The power of love A force from above Cleaning my soul Flame on burn desire Love with tongues of fire Purge the soul Make love your goal

I’ll protect you from the hooded claw Keep the vampires from your door When the chips are down I’ll be around With my undying, death-defying Love for you

Envy will hurt itself Let yourself be beautiful Sparkling love, flowers And pearls and pre y girls Love is like an energy Rushin’ rushin’ inside of me

This time we go sublime Lovers entwine, divine, divine, Love is danger, love is pleasure Love is pure – the only treasure

I’m so in love with you Purge the soul Make love your goal

The power of love A force from above Cleaning my soul The power of love A force from above A sky-scraping dove

Flame on burn desire Love with tongues of fire Purge the soul Make love your goal

Frankie Goes To Hollywood

Appendix Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation (SOVI) Isolation: The action of isolating; the fact or condition of being isolated or standing alone; separation from other things or persons; solitariness Oxford English Dictionary

T

he controversy over whether the SARS-CoV-2 virus has ever been isolated or purified continues. However, using the above definition, common sense, the laws of logic and the dictates of science, any unbiased person must come to the conclusion that the SARS-CoV-2 virus has never been isolated or purified. As a result, no confirmation of the virus’ existence can be found. The logical, common sense, and scientific consequences of this fact are: • the structure and composition of something not shown to exist can’t be known, including the presence, structure, and function of any hypothetical spike or other proteins; • the genetic sequence of something that has never been found can’t be known; • “variants” of something that hasn’t been shown to exist can’t be known; • it’s impossible to demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 causes a disease called Covid-19.

In as concise terms as possible, here’s the proper way to isolate, characterize and demonstrate a new virus. First, one takes samples (blood, sputum, secretions) from many people (e.g. 500) with symptoms which are unique and specific enough to characterize an illness. Without mixing these samples with ANY tissue or products that also contain genetic material, the virologist macerates, filters and ultracentrifuges i.e. purifies the specimen. This common virology technique, done for decades to isolate bacteriophages1 and so-called giant viruses in every virology lab, then allows the virologist to demonstrate with electron microscopy thousands of identically sized and shaped particles. These particles are the isolated and purified virus. These identical particles are then checked for uniformity by physical and/or microscopic techniques. Once the purity is determined, the particles may be further characterized. This would include examining the structure, morphology, and chemical composition of the particles. Next, their genetic makeup is characterized by extracting the genetic material directly from the purified particles and using genetic-sequencing techniques, such as Sanger sequencing, that have also been around for decades. Then one does an analysis to confirm that these uniform particles are exogenous (outside) in origin as a virus is conceptualized to be, and not the normal breakdown products of dead and dying tissues.2 (As of May 2020, we know that virologists have no way to determine whether the particles they’re seeing are viruses or just normal breakdown products of dead and dying tissues.)3 1

Isolation, characterization and analysis of bacteriophages from the haloalkaline lake Elmenteita, KenyaJuliah Khayeli Akhwale et al, PLOS One, Published: April 25, 2019. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0215734 – accessed 2/15/21

2 “Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Apoptotic Cells: An Essential Link Between Death and Regeneration,” Maojiao Li1 et al, Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2020 October 2. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.573511/full – accessed 2/15/21

3 “The Role of Extraellular Vesicles as Allies of HIV, HCV and SARS Viruses,” Flavia Giannessi, et al, Viruses, 2020 May

If we have come this far then we have fully isolated, characterized, and genetically sequenced an exogenous virus particle. However, we still have to show it is causally related to a disease. This is carried out by exposing a group of healthy subjects (animals are usually used) to this isolated, purified virus in the manner in which the disease is thought to be transmi ed. If the animals get sick with the same disease, as confirmed by clinical and autopsy findings, one has now shown that the virus actually causes a disease. This demonstrates infectivity and transmission of an infectious agent. None of these steps has even been a empted with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, nor have all these steps been successfully performed for any so-called pathogenic virus. Our research indicates that a single study showing these steps does not exist in the medical literature. Instead, since 1954, virologists have taken unpurified samples from a relatively few people, o en less than ten, with a similar disease. They then minimally process this sample and inoculate this unpurified sample onto tissue culture containing usually four to six other types of material – all of which contain identical genetic material as to what is called a “virus.” The tissue culture is starved and poisoned and naturally disintegrates into many types of particles, some of which contain genetic material. Against all common sense, logic, use of the English language and scientific integrity, this process is called “virus isolation.” This brew containing fragments of genetic material from many sources is then subjected to genetic analysis, which then creates in a computersimulation process the alleged sequence of the alleged virus, a so called in silico genome. At no time is an actual virus confirmed by electron microscopy. At no time is a genome extracted and sequenced from an actual virus. This is scientific fraud.

The observation that the unpurified specimen — inoculated onto tissue culture along with toxic antibiotics, bovine fetal tissue, amniotic fluid and other tissues — destroys the kidney tissue onto which it is inoculated is given as evidence of the virus’ existence and pathogenicity. This is scientific fraud. From now on, when anyone gives you a paper that suggests the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been isolated, please check the methods sections. If the researchers used Vero cells or any other culture method, you know that their process was not isolation. You will hear the following excuses for why actual isolation isn’t done: 1. There were not enough virus particles found in samples from patients to analyze. 2. Viruses are intracellular parasites; they can’t be found outside the cell in this manner.

If No. 1 is correct, and we can’t find the virus in the sputum of sick people, then on what evidence do we think the virus is dangerous or even lethal? If No. 2 is correct, then how is the virus spread from person to person? We are told it emerges from the cell to infect others. Then why isn’t it possible to find it? Finally, questioning these virology techniques and conclusions is not some distraction or divisive issue. Shining the light on this truth is essential to stop this terrible fraud that humanity is confronting. For, as we now know, if the virus has never been isolated, sequenced or shown to cause illness, if the virus is imaginary, then why are we wearing masks, social distancing and pu ing the whole world into prison? Finally, if pathogenic viruses don’t exist, then what is going into those injectable devices erroneously called “vaccines,” and what is their purpose? This scientific question is the most urgent and relevant one of our time.

We are correct. The SARS-CoV2 virus does not exist. Sally Fallon Morell, MA Dr. Thomas Cowan, MD Dr. Andrew Kaufman, MD

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Index A abusive relationships

blaming themselves, abused as ref1 children ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 conspiracy theories ref1 domestic abuse ref1, ref2 economic abuse and dependency ref1 isolation ref1 physical abuse ref1 psychological abuse ref1 signs of abuse ref1 addiction

alcoholism ref1 frequencies ref1 substance abuse ref1, ref2 technology ref1, ref2, ref3 Adelson, Sheldon ref1, ref2, ref3 Agenda 21/Agenda 2030 (UN) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 AIDs/HIV ref1 causal link between HIV and AIDs ref1, ref2 retroviruses ref1 testing ref1, ref2 trial-run for Covid-19, as ref1, ref2 aliens/extraterrestrials ref1, ref2 aluminium ref1 Amazon ref1, ref2, ref3

ref1, ref2 anaphylactic shock ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 animals ref1, ref2, ref3 antibodies ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Antifa ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 antigens ref1, ref2 anti-Semitism ref1, ref2, ref3 Archons ref1, ref2 consciousness ref1, ref2, ref3 energy ref1, ref2, ref3 ennoia ref1 genetic manipulation ref1, ref2 inversion ref1, ref2, ref3 lockdowns ref1 money ref1 radiation ref1 religion ref1, ref2 technology ref1, ref2, ref3 Wetiko factor ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 artificial intelligence (AI) ref1 army made up of robots ref1, ref2 Human 2.0 ref1, ref2 Internet ref1 MHRA ref1 Morgellons fibres ref1, ref2 Smart Grid ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 asymptomatic, Covid-19 as ref1, ref2, ref3 aviation industry ref1 amplification cycles

B

banking, finance and money

ref1, ref2, ref3

2008 crisis ref1, ref2 boom and bust ref1 cashless digital money systems ref1 central banks ref1 credit ref1 digital currency ref1 fractional reserve lending ref1 Great Reset ref1 guaranteed income ref1, ref2, ref3 Human 2.0 ref1 incomes, destruction of ref1, ref2 interest ref1 one per cent ref1, ref2 scams ref1 BBC ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Becker-Phelps, Leslie ref1 ref1, ref2, ref3 behavioural scientists and psychologists, advice from ref1, ref2 Bezos, Jeff ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Biden, Hunter ref1 Biden, Joe ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17 Behavioural Insights Team (BIT) (Nudge Unit)

Big Pharma

cholesterol ref1 health professionals ref1, ref2 immunity from prosecution in US ref1 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Wetiko factor ref1, ref2 WHO ref1, ref2, ref3 Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 ref10, ref11 bird flu (H5N1) ref1 Black Lives Matter (BLM) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Blair, Tony ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Brin, Sergei ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 British Empire ref1 Bush, George HW ref1, ref2 Bush, George W ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Byrd, Robert ref1 billionaires

C Canada

Global Cult ref1 hate speech ref1 internment ref1 masks ref1 old people ref1 SARS-COV-2 ref1 satellites ref1 vaccines ref1 wearable technology ref1 Capitol Hill riot ref1, ref2 agents provocateur ref1 Antifa ref1 Black Lives Ma er (BLM) ref1, ref2 QAnon ref1 security precautions, lack of ref1, ref2, ref3 carbon dioxide ref1, ref2 care homes, deaths in ref1, ref2 cashless digital money systems ref1 censorship ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

fact-checkers ref1 masks ref1 media ref1, ref2 private messages ref1 social media ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 transgender persons ref1 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3 Wokeness ref1 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (United States) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13 centralisation ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 chakras ref1 change agents ref1, ref2, ref3 chemtrails ref1, ref2, ref3 chief medical officers and scientific advisers ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 children see also young people abuse ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 care, taken into ref1, ref2, ref3 education ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 energy ref1 family courts ref1 hand sanitisers ref1 human sacrifice ref1 lockdowns ref1, ref2, ref3 masks ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 mental health ref1 old people ref1 parents, replacement of ref1, ref2 Psyop (psychological operation), Covid as a ref1, ref2 reframing ref1 smartphone addiction ref1

social distancing and isolation ref1 social media ref1 transgender persons ref1, ref2 United States ref1 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 Wetiko factor ref1 China ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 anal swab tests ref1 Chinese Revolution ref1, ref2, ref3 digital currency ref1 Global Cult ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 guaranteed income ref1 Imperial College ref1 Israel ref1 lockdown ref1, ref2 masculinity crisis ref1 masks ref1 media ref1 origins of virus in China ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 pollution causing respiratory diseases ref1 Sabbatians ref1, ref2 Smart Grid ref1, ref2 social credit system ref1 testing ref1, ref2 United States ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1, ref2 Wetiko factor ref1 wet market conspiracy ref1 Wuhan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 cholesterol ref1, ref2 Christianity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 criticism ref1 cross, inversion of the ref1

Nag Hammadi texts ref1, ref2, ref3 Roman Catholic Church ref1, ref2 Sabbatians ref1, ref2 Satan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Wokeness ref1 class ref1, ref2 climate change hoax ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Agenda 21/Agenda 2030 ref1, ref2, ref3 carbon dioxide ref1, ref2 Club of Rome ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 fear ref1 funding ref1 Global Cult ref1 green new deals ref1 green parties ref1 inversion ref1 perception, control of ref1 PICC ref1 reframing ref1 temperature, increases in ref1 United Nations ref1, ref2 Wikipedia ref1 Wokeness ref1, ref2 Clinton, Bill ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 Clinton, Hillary ref1, ref2, ref3 the cloud ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Club of Rome and climate change hoax ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 cognitive therapy ref1 Cohn, Roy ref1 Common Law ref1 Admiralty Law ref1 arrests ref1, ref2

contractual law, Statute Law as ref1 corporate entities, people as ref1 legalese ref1 sea, law of the ref1 Statute Law ref1 Common Purpose leadership programme

ref1, ref2

ref1, ref2 co-morbidities ref1 communism

computer-generated virus,

as ref1, ref2, ref3 computer models ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 connections ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 consciousness ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Archons ref1, ref2, ref3 expanded ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 experience ref1 heart ref1 infinity ref1, ref2 religion ref1, ref2 self-identity ref1 simulation thesis ref1 vaccines ref1 Wetiko factor ref1, ref2 conspiracy theorists ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 contradictory rules ref1 contrails ref1 Corman-Drosten test ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 countermimicry ref1, ref2, ref3 Covid-19 vaccines see vaccines Covidiots ref1, ref2 Cowan, Tom ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 crimes against humanity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Covid-19

ref1 cyberwarfare ref1 cyber-operations

D DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)

ref1

deaths

care homes ref1 certificates ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 mortality rate ref1 post-mortems/autopsies ref1 recording ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 deceit

pyramid of deceit ref1, ref2 sequence of deceit ref1 decoding ref1, ref2, ref3 dehumanisation ref1, ref2, ref3 Delphi technique ref1 democracy ref1 dependency ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Descartes, René ref1 DNA

numbers ref1 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 DNR (do not resuscitate) orders ref1 domestic abuse ref1, ref2 downgrading of Covid-19 ref1 Drosten, Christian ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Duesberg, Peter ref1, ref2

E ref1 Edmunds, John ref1, ref2 education ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 electromagnetic spectrum ref1, ref2 Enders, John ref1 economic abuse

energy

Archons ref1, ref2, ref3 children and young people ref1 consciousness ref1 decoding ref1 frequencies ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 heart ref1 human energy field ref1 source, humans as an energy ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1 viruses ref1 ennoia ref1 Epstein, Jeffrey ref1, ref2 eternal ‘I’ ref1, ref2 ethylene oxide ref1 European Union ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Event ref1 and Bill Gates ref2 exosomes, Covid-19 as natural defence mechanism called ref1 experience ref1, ref2 Extinction Rebellion ref1, ref2

F Facebook

addiction ref1, 448–50 Facebook

Archons ref1 censorship ref1, ref2, ref3 hate speech ref1 monopoly, as ref1 private messages, censorship of ref1 Sabbatians ref1 United States election fraud ref1 vaccines ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 fact-checkers ref1 Fauci, Anthony ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12 fear ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 climate change ref1 computer models ref1 conspiracy theories ref1 empty hospitals ref1 Italy ref1, ref2, ref3 lockdowns ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 masks ref1, ref2 media ref1, ref2 medical staff ref1 Psyop (psychological operation), Covid as a ref1 Wetiko factor ref1, ref2 female infertility ref1 Fermi Paradox ref1 Ferguson, Neil ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 fertility, decline in ref1 The Field ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 finance see banking, finance and money five-senses ref1, ref2 Archons ref1, ref2, ref3

censorship ref1 consciousness, expansion of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 decoding ref1 education ref1, ref2 the Field ref1, ref2 God, personification of ref1 infinity ref1, ref2 media ref1 paranormal ref1 perceptual programming ref1, ref2 Phantom Self ref1 pneuma not nous, using ref1 reincarnation ref1 self-identity ref1 Wetiko factor ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 5G ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Floyd, George and protests, killing of ref1 flu, re-labelling of ref1, ref2, ref3 food and water, control of ref1, ref2 Freemasons ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 Frei, Rosemary ref1 frequencies

addictions ref1 Archons ref1, ref2, ref3 awareness ref1 chanting and mantras ref1 consciousness ref1 decoding ref1, ref2 education ref1 electromagnetic (EMF) frequencies ref1 energy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 fear ref1

the Field ref1, ref2 5G ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 five-senses ref1, ref2 ghosts ref1 Gnostics ref1 hive-minds ref1 human, meaning of ref1 light ref1, ref2 love ref1, ref2 magnetism ref1 perception ref1 reality ref1, ref2, ref3 simulation ref1 terror ref1 vaccines ref1 Wetiko ref1, ref2, ref3 Fuellmich, Reiner ref1, ref2, ref3 furlough/rescue payments ref1

G Gallo, Robert

ref1, ref2, ref3

Gates, Bill

Archons ref1, ref2, ref3 climate change ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Daily Pass tracking system ref1 Epstein ref1 fascism ref1 five senses ref1 GAVI ref1 Great Reset ref1 GSK ref1 Imperial College ref1, ref2 Johns Hopkins University ref1, ref2, ref3

lockdowns ref1, ref2 masks ref1 Nuremberg trial, proposal for ref1, ref2 Rockefellers ref1, ref2 social distancing and isolation ref1 Sun, dimming the ref1 synthetic meat ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Wellcome Trust ref1 Wetiko factor ref1, ref2, ref3 WHO ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 Wokeness ref1 World Economic Forum ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Gates, Melinda ref1, ref2, ref3 GAVI vaccine alliance ref1 genetics, manipulation of ref1, ref2, ref3 Germany ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 see also Nazi Germany Global Cult ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 anti-human, why Global Cult is ref1 Black Lives Ma er (BLM) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 China ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 climate change hoax ref1 contradictory rules ref1 Covid-19 ref1, ref2, ref3 fascism ref1 geographical origins ref1 immigration ref1 Internet ref1 mainstream media ref1, ref2 masks ref1, ref2 monarchy ref1 non-human dimension ref1

perception ref1 political parties ref1, ref2 pyramidal hierarchy ref1, ref2, ref3 reframing ref1 Sabbantian-Frankism ref1, ref2 science, manipulation of ref1 spider and the web ref1 transgender persons ref1 vaccines ref1 who controls the Cult ref1 Wokeness ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 globalisation ref1, ref2 Gnostics ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Google ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 government

behavioural scientists and psychologists, advice from ref1, ref2 definition ref1 Joint Biosecurity Centre (JBC) ref1 people, abusive relationship with ref1 Great Reset ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 fascism ref1, ref2, ref3 financial system ref1 Human 2.0 ref1 water and food, control of ref1 green parties ref1 Griesz-Brisson, Margarite ref1 guaranteed income ref1, ref2, ref3

H ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 hand sanitisers ref1 heart ref1, ref2 Hancock, Matt

ref1, ref2, ref3 holographs ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 hospitals, empty ref1 human, meaning of ref1 Human 2.0 ref1 addiction to technology ref1 artificial intelligence (AI) ref1, ref2 elimination of Human 1.0 ref1 fertility, decline in ref1 Great Reset ref1 implantables ref1 money ref1 mRNA ref1 nanotechnology ref1 parents, replacement of ref1, ref2 Smart Grid, connection to ref1, ref2 synthetic biology ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 testosterone levels, decrease in ref1 transgender = transhumanism ref1, ref2, ref3 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 human sacrifice ref1, ref2, ref3 Hunger Games Society ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Huxley, Aldous ref1, ref2, ref3 hive-minds/groupthink

I ref1, ref2, ref3 Illuminati ref1, ref2 illusory physical reality ref1 immigration ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Imperial College ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 implantables ref1, ref2 identity politics

ref1, ref2 Infinite Awareness ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Internet ref1, ref2 see also social media artificial intelligence (AI) ref1 independent journalism, lack of ref1 Internet of Bodies (IoB) ref1 Internet of Everything (IoE) ref1, ref2 Internet of Things (IoT) ref1, ref2 lockdowns ref1 Psyop (psychological operation), Covid as a ref1 trolls ref1 intersectionality ref1 incomes, destruction of

inversion

Archons ref1, ref2, ref3 climate change hoax ref1 energy ref1 Judaism ref1, ref2, ref3 symbolism ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 Wokeness ref1, ref2, ref3 Islam

Archons ref1 crypto-Jews ref1 Islamic State ref1, ref2 Jinn and Djinn ref1, ref2, ref3 O oman Empire ref1 Wahhabism ref1 isolation see social distancing and isolation Israel

China ref1 Cyber Intelligence Unit Beersheba complex ref1 expansion of illegal se lements ref1

formation ref1 Global Cult ref1 Judaism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 medical experiments, consent for ref1 Mossad ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Palestine-Israel conflict ref1, ref2, ref3 parents, replacement of ref1 Sabbatians ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 September 11, 2001, terrorist a acks on United States ref1 Silicon Valley ref1 Smart Grid ref1, ref2 United States ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 Italy

fear ref1, ref2, ref3 Lombardy ref1, ref2, ref3 vaccines ref1

J ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Johnson, Boris ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Joint Biosecurity Centre (JBC) ref1 Johns Hopkins University

Judaism

anti-Semitism ref1, ref2, ref3 Archons ref1, ref2 crypto-Jews ref1 inversion ref1, ref2, ref3 Israel ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Labour Party ref1 Nazi Germany ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Sabbatians ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Silicon Valley ref1 Torah ref1 United States ref1, ref2 Zionists ref1, ref2, ref3

K ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 knowledge ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 Koch’s postulates ref1 Kurzweil, Ray ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Kaufman, Andrew

Kushner, Jared ref1, ref2

L ref1, ref2 Lanka, Stefan ref1, ref2 Labour Party

Lateral Flow Device (LFD)

ref1

ref1, ref2, ref3 Life Program ref1 lockdowns ref1, ref2, ref3 amplification tampering ref1 Archons ref1 Behavioural Insights Team ref1 Black Lives Ma er (BLM) ref1 care homes, deaths in ref1 children abuse ref1, ref2 mental health ref1 China ref1, ref2 computer models ref1 consequences ref1, ref2 dependency ref1, ref2, ref3 Levy, Paul

domestic abuse ref1 fall in cases ref1 fear ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 guaranteed income ref1 Hunger Games Society ref1, ref2, ref3 interaction, destroying ref1 Internet ref1, ref2 overdoses ref1 perception ref1 police-military state ref1, ref2 protests ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 psychopathic personality ref1, ref2, ref3 reporting/snitching, encouragement of ref1, ref2 testing ref1 vaccines ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 WHO ref1 love ref1, ref2, ref3 Lucifer ref1, ref2, ref3

M ref1, ref2 Magufuli, John ref1, ref2 mainstream media ref1 BBC ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 censorship ref1, ref2 China ref1 climate change hoax ref1 fear ref1, ref2 Global Cult ref1, ref2 independent journalism, lack of ref1 Ofcom ref1, ref2, ref3 Madej, Carrie

perception ref1, ref2 Psyop (psychological operation), Covid as a ref1 Sabbatians ref1, ref2 social disapproval ref1 social distancing and isolation ref1 United States ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Mao Zedong ref1, ref2, ref3 Marx and Marxism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 masculinity ref1 masks/face coverings ref1, ref2, ref3 censorship ref1 children ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 China, made in ref1 dehumanisation ref1, ref2, ref3 fear ref1, ref2 flu ref1 health professionals ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 isolation ref1 laughter ref1 mass non-cooperation ref1 microplastics, risk of ref1 mind control ref1 multiple masks ref1 oxygen deficiency ref1, ref2, ref3 police ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 pollution, as cause of plastic ref1 Psyop (psychological operation), Covid as a ref1 reframing ref1, ref2 risk assessments, lack of ref1, ref2 self-respect ref1 surgeons ref1

United States ref1 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Wetiko factor ref1 ‘worms’ ref1 The Matrix movies ref1, ref2, ref3 measles ref1, ref2 media see mainstream media Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Mesopotamia ref1 messaging ref1 military-police state ref1, ref2, ref3 mind control ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 see also MKUltra MKUltra ref1, ref2, ref3 monarchy ref1

see banking, finance and money Montagnier, Luc ref1, ref2, ref3 Mooney, Bel ref1 Morgellons disease ref1, ref2 mortality rate ref1 Mullis, Kary ref1, ref2, ref3 Musk, Elon ref1 money

N ref1, ref2, ref3 nanotechnology ref1, ref2, ref3 narcissism ref1 Nazi Germany ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 near-death experiences ref1, ref2 Neocons ref1, ref2, ref3 Nag Hammadi texts

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) and the Delphi technique ref1 NHS (National Health Service)

amplification cycles ref1 Common Purpose ref1, ref2 mind control ref1 NHS England ref1 saving the NHS ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 whistle-blowers ref1, ref2, ref3 No-Problem-Reaction-Solution ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 non-human dimension of Global Cult ref1 nous ref1 numbers, reality as ref1 Nuremberg Codes ref1, ref2, ref3 Nuremberg-like tribunal, proposal for ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12

O ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 O’Brien, Cathy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Ochel, Evita ref1 Ofcom ref1, ref2, ref3 old people ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Oneness ref1, ref2, ref3 Open Society Foundations (Soros) ref1, ref2, ref3 oxygen 406, 528–34 Obama, Barack

P ref1, ref2 Page, Larry ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 paedophilia

ref1, ref2, ref3 pandemic, definition of ref1 Palestine-Israel conflict

pandemic and health crisis scenarios/simulations

ref4 ref1 PCR tests ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Pearl Harbor attacks, prior knowledge of ref1 Pelosi, Nancy ref1, ref2, ref3 perception ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 climate change hoax ref1 control ref1, ref2, ref3 decoding ref1, ref2 enslavement ref1 externally-delivered perceptions ref1 five senses ref1 human labels ref1 media ref1, ref2 political parties ref1, ref2 Psyop (psychological operation), Covid as a ref1 sale of perception ref1 self-identity ref1, ref2 Wokeness ref1 Phantom Self ref1, ref2, ref3 pharmaceutical industry see Big Pharma phthalates ref1 Plato’s Allegory of the Cave ref1, ref2 pneuma ref1 paranormal

police

Black Lives Ma er (BLM) ref1 brutality ref1 citizen’s arrests ref1, ref2 common law arrests ref1, ref2

ref1, ref2, ref3,

Common Purpose ref1 defunding ref1 lockdowns ref1, ref2 masks ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 police-military state ref1, ref2, ref3 psychopathic personality ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 reframing ref1 United States ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Wokeness ref1 polio ref1 political correctness ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 political parties ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 political puppets ref1 pollution ref1, ref2, ref3 post-mortems/autopsies ref1 Postage Stamp Consensus ref1, ref2 pre-emptive programming ref1 Problem-Reaction-Solution ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Project for the New American Century ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 psychopathic personality ref1 Archons ref1 heart energy ref1 lockdowns ref1, ref2, ref3 police ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 recruitment ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1 wealth ref1 Wetiko ref1, ref2 Psyop (psychological operation), Covid as a ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Pushbackers ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 pyramid structure ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

Q QAnon Psyop

ref1, ref2, ref3

R see also Black Lives Ma er (BLM) anti-racism industry ref1 class ref1 critical race theory ref1 culture ref1 intersectionality ref1 reverse racism ref1 white privilege ref1, ref2 white supremacy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Wokeness ref1, ref2, ref3 radiation ref1, ref2 randomness, illusion of ref1, ref2, ref3 reality ref1, ref2, ref3 reframing ref1, ref2 change agents ref1, ref2 children ref1 climate change ref1 Common Purpose leadership programme ref1, ref2 contradictory rules ref1 enforcers ref1 masks ref1, ref2 NLP and the Delphi technique ref1 police ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 Wokeness ref1, ref2 religion see also particular religions alien invasions ref1 racism

Archons ref1, ref2 consciousness ref1, ref2 control, system of ref1, ref2, ref3 criticism, prohibition on ref1 five senses ref1 good and evil, war between ref1 hidden non-human forces ref1, ref2 Sabbatians ref1 save me syndrome ref1 Wetiko ref1 Wokeness ref1 repetition and mind control ref1, ref2, ref3 reporting/snitching, encouragement of ref1, ref2 Reptilians/Grey entities ref1 rewiring the mind ref1 Rivers, Thomas Milton ref1, ref2 Rockefeller family ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 Rockefeller Foundation documents ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Roman Empire ref1 Rothschild family ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 RT-PCR tests ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Russia

collusion inquiry in US ref1 Russian Revolution ref1, ref2 Sabbatians ref1

S ref1, ref2 anti-Semitism ref1, ref2 banking and finance ref1, ref2, ref3 China ref1, ref2 Israel ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5

Sabbantian-Frankism

Judaism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Lucifer ref1 media ref1, ref2 Nazis ref1, ref2 QAnon ref1 Rothschilds ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 Russia ref1 Saudi Arabia ref1 Silicon Valley ref1 Sumer ref1 United States ref1, ref2, ref3 Wetiko factor ref1 Wokeness ref1, ref2, ref3 SAGE (Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies)

ref1, ref2, ref3,

ref4 SARS-1

ref1

ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 Satan/Satanism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 satellites in low-orbit ref1 Saudi Arabia ref1 Save Me Syndrome ref1 scapegoating ref1 Schwab, Klaus ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12 science, manipulation of ref1 self-identity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 self-respect, attacks on ref1 September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on United States ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 77th Brigade of UK military ref1, ref2, ref3 Silicon Valley/tech giants ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 see also SARs-CoV-2

Facebook

Israel ref1 Sabbatians ref1 technocracy ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 Wokeness ref1 ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Smart Grid ref1, ref2, ref3 artificial intelligence (AI) ref1 China ref1, ref2 control centres ref1 the Field ref1 Great Reset ref1 Human 2.0 ref1, ref2 Israel ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 social disapproval ref1 social distancing and isolation ref1, ref2, ref3 abusive relationships ref1, ref2 children ref1 flats and apartments ref1 heart issues ref1 hugs ref1 Internet ref1 masks ref1 media ref1 older people ref1, ref2 one-metre (three feet) rule ref1 rewiring the mind ref1 simulation, universe as a ref1 SPI-B ref1 substance abuse ref1 simulation hypothesis

suicide and self-harm ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 technology ref1 torture, as ref1, ref2 two-metre (six feet) rule ref1 women ref1 social justice ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 social media see also Facebook bans on alternative views ref1 censorship ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 children ref1 emotion ref1 perception ref1 private messages ref1 Twi er ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Wetiko factor ref1 YouTube ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Soros, George ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 Spain ref1 SPI-B (Scientific Pandemic Insights Group on Behaviours) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 spider and the web ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Starmer, Keir ref1 Statute Law ref1 Steiner, Rudolf ref1, ref2, ref3 Stockholm syndrome ref1 streptomycin ref1 suicide and self-harm ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Sumer ref1, ref2 Sunstein, Cass ref1, ref2, ref3 swine flu (H1N1) ref1, ref2, ref3 synchronicity ref1 synthetic biology ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 synthetic meat ref1, ref2

T see also artificial intelligence (AI); Internet; social media addiction ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Archons ref1, ref2 the cloud ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 cyber-operations ref1 cyberwarfare ref1 radiation ref1, ref2 social distancing and isolation ref1 technocracy ref1 Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13 telepathy ref1 Tenpenny, Sherri ref1 Tesla, Nikola ref1 testosterone levels, decrease in ref1 testing for Covid-19 ref1, ref2 anal swab tests ref1 cancer ref1 China ref1, ref2, ref3 Corman-Drosten test ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 death certificates ref1, ref2 fraudulent testing ref1 genetic material, amplification of ref1 Lateral Flow Device (LFD) ref1 PCR tests ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3 Thunberg, Greta ref1, ref2, ref3 Totalitarian Tiptoe ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 technology

transgender persons

activism ref1 artificial wombs ref1

censorship ref1 child abuse ref1, ref2 Human 2.0 ref1, ref2, ref3 Wokeness ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 women, deletion of rights and status of ref1, ref2 young persons ref1 travel restrictions ref1 Trudeau, Justin ref1, ref2, ref3 Trump, Donald ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11 Twitter ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7

U UKColumn

ref1, ref2

United Nations (UN)

ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 see also Agenda

21/Agenda 2030 (UN)

ref1, ref2 American Revolution ref1 borders ref1, ref2 Capitol Hill riot ref1, ref2 children ref1 China ref1, ref2 CIA ref1, ref2 Daily Pass tracking system ref1 demographics by immigration, changes in ref1 Democrats ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 election fraud ref1 far-right domestic terrorists, pushbackers as ref1 Federal Reserve ref1 flu/respiratory diseases statistics ref1 Global Cult ref1, ref2 hand sanitisers, FDA warnings on ref1

United States

immigration, effects of illegal ref1 impeachment ref1 Israel ref1, ref2 Judaism ref1, ref2, ref3 lockdown ref1 masks ref1 mass media ref1, ref2 nursing homes ref1 Pentagon ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 police ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 pushbackers ref1 Republicans ref1, ref2 borders ref1, ref2 Democrats ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Russia, inquiry into collusion with ref1 Sabbatians ref1, ref2, ref3 September 11, 2001, terrorist a acks ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 UFO sightings, release of information on ref1 vaccines ref1 white supremacy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Woke Democrats ref1, ref2

V ref1, ref2, ref3 adverse reactions ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Africa ref1 anaphylactic shock ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 animals ref1, ref2 anti-vax movement ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 AstraZeneca/Oxford ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 autoimmune diseases, rise in ref1, ref2 Big Pharma ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8

vaccines

bioweapon, as real ref1, ref2 black and ethnic minority communities ref1 blood clots ref1, ref2 Brain Computer Interface (BCI) ref1 care homes, deaths in ref1 censorship ref1, ref2, ref3 chief medical officers and scientific advisers, financial interests of ref1, ref2 children ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 China ref1, ref2 clinical trials ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 compensation ref1 compulsory vaccinations ref1, ref2, ref3 computer programs ref1 consciousness ref1 cover-ups ref1 creation before Covid ref1 cytokine storm ref1 deaths and illnesses caused by vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 definition ref1 developing countries ref1 digital ta oos ref1 DNA-manipulation ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 emergency approval ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 female infertility ref1 funding ref1 genetic suicide ref1 Global Cult ref1 heart chakras ref1 hesitancy ref1 Human 2.0 ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 immunity from prosecution ref1, ref2, ref3

implantable technology ref1 Israel ref1 Johnson & Johnson ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 lockdowns ref1 long-term effects ref1 mainstream media ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 masks ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) ref1, ref2 messaging ref1 Moderna ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 mRNA vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 nanotechnology ref1, ref2 NHS ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 older people ref1, ref2 operating system ref1 passports ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Pfizer/BioNTech ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 polyethylene glycol ref1 pregnant women ref1 psychopathic personality ref1 races, targeting different ref1 reverse transcription ref1 Smart Grid ref1 social distancing ref1 social media ref1 sterility ref1 synthetic material, introduction of ref1 tests ref1, ref2, ref3 travel restrictions ref1 variants ref1, ref2 viruses, existence of ref1 whistle-blowing ref1

WHO ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Wokeness ref1 working, vaccine as ref1 young people ref1 Vallance, Patrick ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 variants ref1, ref2, ref3 vegans ref1 ventilators ref1, ref2 virology ref1, ref2 virtual reality ref1, ref2, ref3 viruses, existence of ref1 visual reality ref1, ref2 vitamin D ref1, ref2 von Braun, Wernher ref1, ref2

W war-zone hospital myths

ref1

ref1, ref2 wealth ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 ref10, ref11 wet market conspiracy ref1 Wetiko factor ref1 alcoholism and drug addiction ref1 anti-human, why Global Cult is ref1 Archons ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 artificial intelligence (AI) ref1 Big Pharma ref1, ref2 children ref1 China ref1 consciousness ref1, ref2 education ref1 Facebook ref1 waveforms

fear ref1, ref2 frequency ref1, ref2 Gates ref1, ref2 Global Cult ref1, ref2 heart ref1, ref2 lockdowns ref1 masks ref1 Native American concept ref1 psychopathic personality ref1, ref2 reframing/retraining programmes ref1 religion ref1 Silicon Valley ref1 Smart Grid ref1 smartphone addiction ref1, ref2 social media ref1 war ref1, ref2 WHO ref1 Wokeness ref1, ref2, ref3 Yaldabaoth ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 whistle-blowing ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 white privilege ref1, ref2 white supremacy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 Whitty, Christopher ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10 ‘who benefits’ ref1 Wi-Fi ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Wikipedia ref1, ref2 Wojcicki, Susan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 Wokeness

Antifa ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 anti-Semitism ref1 billionaire social justice warriors ref1, ref2, ref3

Capitol Hill riot ref1, ref2 censorship ref1 Christianity ref1 climate change hoax ref1, ref2 culture ref1 education, control of ref1 emotion ref1 facts ref1 fascism ref1, ref2, ref3 Global Cult ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 group-think ref1 immigration ref1 indigenous people, solidarity with ref1 inversion ref1, ref2, ref3 le , hijacking the ref1, ref2 Marxism ref1, ref2, ref3 mind control ref1 New Woke ref1 Old Woke ref1 Oneness ref1 perceptual programming ref1 Phantom Self ref1 police ref1 defunding the ref1 reframing ref1 public institutions ref1 Pushbackers ref1, ref2, ref3 racism ref1, ref2, ref3 reframing ref1, ref2 religion, as ref1 Sabbatians ref1, ref2, ref3 Silicon Valley ref1 social justice ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4

transgender ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 United States ref1, ref2 vaccines ref1 Wetiko factor ref1, ref2, ref3 young people ref1, ref2, ref3 ref1, ref2 World Economic Forum (WEF) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 World Health Organization (WHO) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9 AIDs/HIV ref1 amplification cycles ref1 Big Pharma ref1, ref2, ref3 cooperation in health emergencies ref1 creation ref1, ref2 fatality rate ref1 funding ref1, ref2, ref3 Gates ref1 Internet ref1 lockdown ref1 vaccines ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 Wetiko factor ref1 world number 1 (masses) ref1, ref2 world number 2 ref1 Wuhan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7 ref8 women, deletion of rights and status of

Y ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6 Yeadon, Michael ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 young people see also children addiction to technology ref1 Human 2.0 ref1 vaccines ref1, ref2 Yaldabaoth

Wokeness ref1, ref2, ref3 YouTube ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5 WHO 548

Z ref1 Zionism ref1, ref2, ref3 Zuckerberg, Mark ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12 Zulus ref1 Zaks, Tal

Before you go … For more detail, background and evidence about the subjects in Perceptions of a Renegade Mind – and so much more – see my others books including And The Truth Shall Set You Free; The Biggest Secret; Children of the Matrix; The David Icke Guide to the Global Conspiracy; Tales from the Time Loop; The Perception Deception; Remember Who You Are; Human Race Get Off Your Knees; Phantom Self; Everything You Need To Know But Have Never Been Told, The Trigger and The Answer. You can subscribe to the fantastic new Ickonic media platform where there are many hundreds of hours of cu ing-edge information in videos, documentaries and series across a whole range of subjects which are added to every week. This includes my 90 minute breakdown of the week’s news every Friday to explain why events are happening and to what end.

3 MINUTE PORTUGUESE LESSONS 1 – 3 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hello and welcome to “3 Minute Portuguese”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Portuguese. The lessons in this book are based on the methodology I developed for teaching languages, which I use in all my classes and courses. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Portuguese now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Portuguese language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 260 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Portuguese, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 1 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 Obrigado

LESSON 1 “Portuguese in three minutes?” I hear you cry suspiciously. Yes, this book is intricately designed to get you speaking Portuguese in the shortest time possible. I’ve created this book the complete beginner who only has a few minutes to spare each day. I’ve set out each lesson so that they can be completed in short bursts, whenever you find yourself with a moment of freedom. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like spending hours studying Portuguese, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen: 1. Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep Portuguese fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with Portuguese and it’ll turn into a chore. 2. More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that

you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success. 3. More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Here’s your first word in Portuguese:

bom It means “good” You pronounce it “bon(g)” I’ve put the (g) in brackets because you say this word like you say the word “bong” but you don’t say the ‘g’ at all. You can’t even hear the ‘n’

Here’s your next word:

é It means “it is” You pronounce it “ay”

Firstly, every time I give you a new word, I’ll dedicate a whole page to it and then we’ll look at some sentences we can build with it. Secondly, how do you even say these words I’m giving you? I had a feeling you might ask me. Well, I’ve been putting a little pronunciation guide after each word to show you how to say it. You should try saying each word out loud to yourself to get your brain used to the sound it makes. Now, turn the page…

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is good.

It is good. É bom.

You’ll start to notice similarities between Portuguese and English words:

fantástico It means “fantastic” You pronounce it “fan-tash-tee-koo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is fantastic.

It is fantastic. É fantástico.

é fantástico You might be wondering what that little line is on top of the á and the é. It’s called an accent. Don’t worry about them too much for the time being; we’ll look at them in detail in a later lesson. For now, just remember that they’re there.

Here’s another word that looks similar to English:

absolutamente It means “absolutely” You pronounce it “ab-so-loo-ta-men-tuh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is absolutely fantastic.

It is absolutely fantastic. É absolutamente fantástico.

WORD LIST SO FAR bom - good é - it is fantástico - fantastic absolutamente - absolutely

Here’s a cute little Portuguese word:

aqui It means “here” You pronounce it “a-key”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is good here.

It is good here. É bom aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is fantastic here.

It is fantastic here. É fantástico aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is absolutely fantastic here.

It is absolutely fantastic here. É absolutamente fantástico aqui.

Here’s a word you might recognize if you’ve learnt any Portuguese before:

muito It means “very” You pronounce it “mwee-tooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is very good.

WORD LIST SO FAR bom - good é - it is fantástico - fantastic absolutamente – absolutely aqui – here muito - very

It is very good. É muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is very good here.

It is very good here. É muito bom aqui.

The word “é” means “it is”, well, here’s the opposite:

não é It means “it isn’t” You pronounce it “now ay”

WORD LIST SO FAR bom - good é - it is fantástico - fantastic absolutamente – absolutely aqui – here muito - very não é – it isn’t

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t good.

It isn’t good. Não é bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t very good.

It isn’t very good. Não é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t fantastic.

It isn’t fantastic. Não é fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t very good here.

It isn’t very good here. Não é muito bom aqui.

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in Portuguese now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations. If you grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s good

2.

It’s absolutely fantastic here

3.

It’s good here

4.

It is very good

5.

It isn’t good here

6.

It isn’t good; it’s fantastic

7.

It’s fantastic

8.

It’s fantastic here

9.

It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic

10. It’s very good here

1.

É bom

2.

É absolutamente fantástico aqui

3.

É bom aqui

4.

É muito bom

5.

Não é bom aqui

6.

Não é bom ; é fantástico

7.

É fantástico

8.

É fantástico aqui

9.

Não é bom aqui ; é absolutamente fantástico

10. É muito bom aqui

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

Não é muito bom

2.

É muito bom

3.

Não é fantástico aqui

4.

É absolutamente fantástico aqui

5.

Não é muito bom aqui

6.

É bom

7.

É fantástico aqui

8.

Não é bom aqui

9.

É bom aqui

10. Não é bom ; é absolutamente fantástico

1.

It isn’t very good

2.

It’s very good

3.

It isn’t fantastic here

4.

It’s absolutely fantastic here

5.

It isn’t very good here

6.

It’s good

7.

It’s fantastic here

8.

It isn’t good here

9.

It’s good here

10. It isn’t good; it’s absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap the words we’ve learnt in this lesson. How did you say these words in Portuguese?

it is absolutely fantastic good here very it isn’t

it is - é absolutely – absolutamente fantastic - fantástico good - bom here - aqui very - muito it isn’t – não é

What else? There is plenty you can do to ensure the language stays firmly in your brain and doesn't disappear. You can play about with building sentences from the words you've learnt so far. Whenever you find yourself with a spare 30 seconds, think of something you can say in Portuguese. Saying short sentences to yourself in Portuguese throughout the day keeps the language at the forefront of your mind. Also, from time to time, there will be a word or two (or maybe three) that just will not stay in your memory no matter how hard you try. What you should do to overcome this is write the word down in English in big letters in the middle of a blank piece of paper. Put the piece of paper in your pocket and take it out a few times each day. Whenever you take it out, look at the English word and say the Portuguese word to yourself along with a Portuguese sentence that contains this word. The first few times, you might struggle to think of what the Portuguese word is and you’ll have to double check. However, pretty quickly, you’ll remember the Portuguese without having to check. You'll be amazed at how well this technique works. Finally, before I end this first lesson, I'll just give you some information on what it means to learn a language. Memorising lots of words isn't what it means to learn a language. It's a start but it isn't going to get you very far. What you need to be able to do is put those words together to get your thoughts and ideas across to somebody else. Each time you learn a new word, think to yourself, “Where could I use this?” Make up a sentence and think about where you could say it. “É muito bom” - you could say this to a waiter in a restaurant when he asks you how your

meal is. By doing this, you're giving the words relevance in your life. You’ll remember things much more easily if you can see where it’s going to be useful. Also, by building sentences, you're subconsciously creating a list of things to say so that you'll never be lost for words. Even when you're in Portugal you can do this. Before entering a restaurant, for example, have a quick think about what you could say to the waiter when you go inside. This helps to build your confidence and stops you from having to think on the spot. You’ll be more likely to speak if you have already prepared something to say.

LESSON 2 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? absolutely it isn’t good fantastic very it is here If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Portuguese for this lesson:

delicioso It means “delicious” You pronounce it “deli-see-oh-zoo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is delicious.

It is delicious. É delicioso.

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

extraordinário It means “extraordinary” You pronounce it “ekshtra-or-di-na-reoo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is extraordinary.

It is extraordinary. É extraordinário.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is absolutely extraordinary.

It is absolutely extraordinary. É absolutamente extraordinário.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is absolutely extraordinary here.

It is absolutely extraordinary here. É absolutamente extraordinário aqui.

Here’s a beautiful little word in Portuguese:

lindo It means “beautiful” You pronounce it “lin-doo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is beautiful.

It is beautiful. É lindo.

WORD LIST SO FAR delicioso - delicious extraordinário - extraordinary lindo - beautiful

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is very beautiful.

It is very beautiful. É muito lindo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is very beautiful here.

It is very beautiful here. É muito lindo aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is absolutely beautiful here.

It is absolutely beautiful here. É absolutamente lindo aqui.

Here’s a useful phrase in Portuguese:

para mim It means “for me” You pronounce it “pa-ra min(g)” Again, I’ve put the ‘g’ in brackets because you say the word “mim” like the word “ming” without the ‘g’

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is for me.

It is for me. É para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t for me.

It isn’t for me. Não é para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t good for me.

It isn’t good for me. Não é bom para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t very good for me.

It isn’t very good for me. Não é muito bom para mim.

The phrase “para mim” actually has two meanings in Portuguese. We’ve seen it can mean “for me” but, if you put “para mim” at the start of a sentence in Portuguese, it can mean “in my opinion” or “I think”:

para mim It means “in my opinion” or “I think” You pronounce it “pa-ra min(g)”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it is good.

WORD LIST SO FAR delicioso - delicious extraordinário - extraordinary lindo - beautiful para mim – for me para mim – I think / in my opinion

I think it’s good. Para mim, é bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s very good.

I think it’s very good. Para mim, é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s delicious.

I think it’s delicious. Para mim, é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here.

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here. Para mim, é absolutamente extraordinário aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s fantastic here.

I think it’s fantastic here. Para mim, é fantástico aqui.

Now we’ve added quite a few new words to our Portuguese repertoire, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. If you grab a piece of paper, see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s very beautiful here

2.

It’s absolutely beautiful

3.

I think it’s very good

4.

It’s absolutely extraordinary here

5.

It isn’t for me

6.

It isn’t very good for me

7.

It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think it’s delicious

10. I think it’s fantastic

1.

É muito lindo aqui

2.

É absolutamente lindo

3.

Para mim, é muito bom

4.

É absolutamente extraordinário aqui

5.

Não é para mim

6.

Não é muito bom para mim

7.

Não é bom; é absolutamente extraordinário

8.

É absolutamente delicioso

9.

Para mim, é delicioso

10. Para mim, é fantástico

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. É extraordinário 2.

É absolutamente lindo

3.

Para mim, é absolutamente lindo aqui

4.

Para mim, é bom

5.

É muito bom para mim

6.

Não é para mim

7.

É delicioso

8.

Para mim, é delicioso

9.

É absolutamente lindo aqui

10. Não é muito lindo

1. It’s extraordinary 2. It’s absolutely beautiful 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. I think it’s good 5. It’s very good for me 6. It isn’t for me 7. It’s delicious 8. I think it’s delicious 9. It’s absolutely beautiful here 10. It isn’t very beautiful

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It isn’t very good

2.

It isn’t good here

3.

It’s absolutely fantastic here

4.

It’s fantastic

5.

It’s good here

6.

It’s very good here

7.

It’s fantastic here

8.

It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic

9.

It isn’t very good here

10. It’s very good

1.

Não é muito bom

2.

Não é bom aqui

3.

É absolutamente fantástico aqui

4.

É fantástico

5.

É bom aqui

6.

É muito bom aqui

7.

É fantástico aqui

8.

Não é bom aqui; é absolutamente fantástico

9.

Não é muito bom aqui

10. É muito bom

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Não é bom aqui 2. Não é muito bom aqui 3. É muito bom aqui 4. É fantástico aqui 5. Não é bom aqui; é absolutamente fantástico 6. É absolutamente fantástico aqui 7. Não é fantástico 8. É bom aqui 9. É bom 10. É fantástico

1. It isn’t good here 2. It isn’t very good 3. It’s very good here 4. It’s fantastic here 5. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 6. It’s absolutely fantastic here 7. It isn’t fantastic 8. It’s good here 9. It’s good 10. It’s fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

it is here fantastic delicious it isn’t good very extraordinary I think beautiful for me absolutely

1. é 2. aqui 3. fantástico 4. delicioso 5. não é 6. bom 7. muito 8. extraordinário 9. para mim 10. lindo 11. para mim 12. absolutamente

LESSON 3 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? for me I think delicious extraordinary beautiful If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Portuguese for this lesson:

mas It means “but” You pronounce it “mash”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me.

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me. É delicioso mas não é muito bom para mim.

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

sim It means “yes” You pronounce it “sin(g)” You say it sort of like the word “sing” but without the ‘g’ on the end

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, it’s for me.

Yes, it’s for me. Sim, é para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious.

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious. Sim, é absolutamente delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, I think it’s good.

Yes, I think it’s good. Sim, para mim, é bom.

Here’s a common yet useful word in Portuguese:

obrigado It means “thank you” or “thanks” You pronounce it “ob-ree-gah-doo”

thank you In Portuguese, the word for “thank you” is “obrigado”. However, if you’re a woman, you change it slightly to “obrigada”. If you get this wrong, it’s not the end of the world; you’ll still be understood. Just try to remember that, if you’re a man, you should say ‘obrigado’ and if you’re a woman, you should say ‘obrigada’.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious.

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious. Sim, obrigado, é delicioso.

WORD LIST SO FAR mas - but sim - yes obrigado / obrigada – thank you

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic.

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic. Sim, obrigado, é fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s very good, thanks.

It’s very good, thanks. É muito bom, obrigado.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, it is for me, thank you.

Yes, it is for me, thank you. Sim, é para mim, obrigado.

Here’s a new word for you:

sempre It means “always” You pronounce it “saym-pruh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is always fantastic here.

It is always fantastic here. É sempre fantástico aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t always very good here.

It isn’t always very good here. Não é sempre muito bom aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s always beautiful here.

I think it’s always beautiful here. Para mim, é sempre lindo aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s always absolutely delicious.

It’s always absolutely delicious. É sempre absolutamente delicioso.

Here’s a perfect little word in Portuguese:

perfeito It means “perfect” You pronounce it “pair-fay-too”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you.

WORD LIST SO FAR mas - but sim - yes obrigado / obrigada – thank you sempre – always perfeito – perfect

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you. Sim, é perfeito, obrigado.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s perfect.

I think it’s perfect. Para mim, é perfeito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s absolutely perfect.

It’s absolutely perfect. É absolutamente perfeito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s absolutely perfect here.

I think it’s absolutely perfect here. Para mim, é absolutamente perfeito aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s always perfect here.

It’s always perfect here. É sempre perfeito aqui.

Here’s a useful word in Portuguese:

isso It means “that” You pronounce it “iss-oo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That for me.

That for me. Isso para mim.

If you put the word “isso” in front of the word “é” you get:

isso é It means “that is” You pronounce it “iss-oo ay”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That is good.

That is good. Isso é bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That is very good.

That is very good. Isso é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That is absolutely fantastic.

That is absolutely fantastic. Isso é absolutamente fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That is for me.

That is for me. Isso é para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think that is perfect.

I think that is perfect. Para mim, isso é perfeito.

WORD LIST SO FAR mas - but sim - yes obrigado / obrigada – thank you sempre – always perfeito – perfect isso – that isso é – that is

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s always perfect here

2.

It isn’t always perfect here

3.

It’s always absolutely fantastic here

4.

It’s for me, thank you

5.

Yes, it’s for me

6.

It isn’t always good here

7.

It’s always very good

8.

I think that is absolutely perfect

9.

That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me

10. Yes, it’s perfect, thank you

1.

É sempre perfeito aqui

2.

Não é sempre perfeito aqui

3.

É sempre absolutamente fantástico aqui

4.

É para mim, obrigado

5.

Sim, é para mim

6.

Não é sempre bom aqui

7.

É sempre muito bom

8.

Para mim, isso é absolutamente perfeito

9.

Isso é delicioso ma não é muito bom para mim

10. Sim, é perfeito, obrigado

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Sim, obrigado 2. É absolutamente perfeito 3. Não é fantástico mas é muito bom 4. Para mim, é perfeito 5. É sempre absolutamente fantástico aqui 6. Para mim, é absolutamente extraordinário 7. É sempre muito bom 8. É sempre muito bom aqui 9. Sim, isso é para mim, obrigado 10. Isso é absolutamente delicioso

1. Yes, thank you 2. It’s absolutely perfect 3. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 4. I think it’s perfect 5. It’s always absolutely fantastic here 6. I think it’s absolutely extraordinary 7. It’s always very good 8. It’s always very good here 9. Yes, that’s for me, thank you 10. That is absolutely delicious

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It isn’t fantastic

2.

It’s very good here

3.

It’s good here

4.

It’s delicious

5.

I think it’s absolutely beautiful here

6.

It isn’t very good here

7.

It is absolutely fantastic

8.

I think it’s good

9.

It is fantastic

10. It’s absolutely extraordinary here

1.

Não é fantástico

2.

É muito bom aqui

3.

É bom aqui

4.

É delicioso

5.

Para mim, é absolutamente lindo aqui

6.

Não é muito bom aqui

7.

É absolutamente fantástico

8.

Para mim, é bom

9.

É fantástico

10. É absolutamente extraordinário aqui

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Não é bom 2. Não é muito bom para mim 3. É lindo 4. É fantástico 5. É extraordinário aqui 6. É extraordinário 7. Não é fantástico 8. É muito lindo aqui 9. Não é muito bom aqui 10. Não é muito extraordinário

1. It isn't good 2. It isn’t very good for me 3. It’s beautiful 4. It’s fantastic 5. It’s extraordinary here 6. It’s extraordinary 7. It isn’t fantastic 8. It’s very beautiful here 9. It isn’t good here 10. It isn’t very extraordinary

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. beautiful 2. thanks 3. here 4. it is 5. yes 6. very 7. for me 8. that 9. always 10. fantastic 11. good 12. absolutely 13. I think 14. perfect 15. extraordinary 16. but 17. it isn’t 18. delicious 19. that is…

1. lindo 2. obrigado 3. aqui 4. é 5. sim 6. muito 7. para mim 8. isso 9. sempre 10. fantástico 11. bom 12. absolutamente 13. para mim 14. perfeito 15. extraordinário 16. mas 17. não é 18. delicioso 19. isso é…

Obrigado Before you go, I’d like to say “obrigado” for buying this book. There are lots of Portuguese books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons one to three of my “3 Minute Portuguese” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons four to six, and further books after that to continue building your Portuguese language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, obrigado e até logo!

3 MINUTE PORTUGUESE LESSONS 4 – 6 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hello and welcome to “3 Minute Portuguese”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Portuguese. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Portuguese: Lessons 1-3”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Portuguese now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Portuguese language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 260 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Portuguese, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 4 LESSON 5 No restaurante LESSON 6 Obrigado

LESSON 4 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? always that that is… perfect thank you yes but If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase in Portuguese for this lesson:

para ele It means “for him” You pronounce it “pa-rah eler”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for him.

It’s for him. É para ele.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s good for him.

It’s good for him. É bom para ele.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t for him.

It isn’t for him. Não é para ele.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t very good for him.

It isn’t very good for him. Não é muito bom para ele.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t for him; it’s for me.

It isn’t for him; it’s for me. Não é para ele; é para mim.

This phrase goes nicely with “para ele” and “para mim”:

para ela It means “for her” You pronounce it “pa-rah el-a”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for her.

It’s for her. É para ela.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Yes, it’s very good for her.

Yes, it’s very good for her. Sim, é muito bom para ela.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t for him; it’s for her.

It isn’t for him; it’s for her. Não é para ele; é para ela.

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

não It means “no” You pronounce it “now”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

No, thank you.

No, thank you. Não, obrigado.

WORD LIST SO FAR para ele – for him para ela – for her não – no

How would you say this in Portuguese?

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her.

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her. Não, não é para mim; é para ela.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

No, it isn’t very good.

No, it isn’t very good. Não, não é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

No, it isn’t good here.

No, it isn’t good here. Não, não é bom aqui.

Here’s a new word for you. It’s the opposite of “bom”:

mau It means “bad” You pronounce it “ma-ooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is always very bad here.

It is always very bad here. É sempre muito mau aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect.

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect. Não é mau mas não é perfeito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s always bad here.

I think it’s always bad here. Para mim, é sempre mau aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me.

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me. É delicioso mas é muito mau para mim.

Here’s a word you’ll probably recognise:

o restaurante It means “the restaurant” You pronounce it “oo resht-ah-u-ran-te”

We’ve already had the phrase “não é” and learnt that it means “it isn’t”. Well, it has another meaning:

não é It can also mean just “isn’t” You pronounce it “now ay”

So, how would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant isn’t good here.

WORD LIST SO FAR para ele – for him para ela – for her não – no mau – bad o restaurante – the restaurant não é – isn’t

The restaurant isn’t good here. O restaurante não é bom aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic.

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic. O restaurante não é mau mas não é fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good.

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good. O restaurante não é perfeito mas é muito bom.

Similarly, we learnt that the word “é” means “it is”:

é Well, it can also mean just “is” You pronounce it “ay”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant is good.

The restaurant is good. O restaurante é bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant is fantastic here.

The restaurant is fantastic here. O restaurante é fantástico aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant is absolutely perfect.

The restaurant is absolutely perfect. O restaurante é absolutamente perfeito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant here is always very good.

The restaurant here is always very good. O restaurante aqui é sempre muito bom.

Here’s your last word for this lesson:

tudo It means “everything” You pronounce it “too-doo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everything is very good.

Everything is very good. Tudo é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everything is perfect here.

Everything is perfect here. Tudo é perfeito aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everything is delicious.

Everything is delicious. Tudo é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everything is for me.

Everything is for me. Tudo é para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think everything is absolutely fantastic.

I think everything is absolutely fantastic. Para mim, tudo é absolutamente fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious.

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious. Tudo é muito mau para mim mas é absolutamente delicioso.

WORD LIST SO FAR para ele – for him para ela – for her não – no mau – bad o restaurante – the restaurant não é – isn’t é –is tudo – everything

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

That is for him

2.

The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary

3.

That’s the restaurant

4.

Everything here is delicious

5.

It isn’t bad here

6.

The restaurant is very good

7.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

8.

The restaurant is good here

9.

That is for her

10. Everything here is very good for me

1.

Isso é para ele

2.

O restaurante é absolutamente extraordinário

3.

Isso é o restaurante

4.

Tudo aqui é delicioso

5.

Não é mau aqui

6.

O restaurante é muito bom

7.

Para mim, o restaurante é fantástico

8.

O restaurante é bom aqui

9.

Isso é para ela

10. Tudo aqui é muito bom para mim

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Tudo é fantástico aqui 2. O restaurante aqui é fantástico 3. Não é mau aqui 4. Tudo é perfeito 5. Isso não é mau mas não é perfeito 6. Isso é para ele 7. Não é para ele; é para mim 8. Não é para ela; é para ele 9. Não é muito bom para ele 10. Tudo é fantástico, obrigado

1. Everything is fantastic here 2. The restaurant here is fantastic 3. It isn’t bad here 4. Everything is perfect 5. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 6. That is for him 7. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 8. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 9. It isn’t very good for him 10. Everything is fantastic, thank you

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It’s very good, thank you

2.

That isn’t very good

3.

It’s for me, thank you

4.

It’s very beautiful here

5.

That is very good

6.

It’s extraordinary

7.

It’s extraordinary here

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think it’s good here

10. It’s always fantastic here

1.

É muito bom, obrigado

2.

Isso não é muito bom

3.

É para mim, obrigado

4.

É muito lindo aqui

5.

Isso é muito bom

6.

É extraordinário

7.

É extraordinário aqui

8.

É absolutamente delicioso

9.

Para mim, é bom aqui

10. É sempre fantástico aqui

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Sim, é muito bom 2. É muito lindo 3. Sim, é absolutamente delicioso 4. Para mim, é fantástico 5. É sempre muito bom 6. Não é muito delicioso 7. É sempre fantástico aqui 8. Sim, para mim, é fantástico aqui 9. É sempre muito lindo aqui 10. É para mim

1. Yes, it’s very good 2. It’s very beautiful 3. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 4. I think it’s fantastic 5. It’s always very good 6. It isn’t very delicious 7. It’s always fantastic here 8. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 9. It’s always very beautiful here 10. It’s for me

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. the restaurant 2. beautiful 3. is 4. always 5. extraordinary 6. that is… 7. for her 8. it is 9. everything 10. delicious 11. absolutely 12. perfect 13. but 14. it isn’t 15. no 16. yes 17. isn’t 18. for him 19. I think 20. good 21. very 22. for me 23. that 24. fantastic 25. here 26. thank you

1. o restaurante 2. lindo 3. é 4. sempre 5. extraordinário 6. isso é 7. para ela 8. é 9. tudo 10. delicioso 11. absolutamente 12. perfeito 13. mas 14. não é 15. não 16. sim 17. não é 18. para ele 19. para mim 20. bom 21. muito 22. para mim 23. isso 24. fantástico 25. aqui 26. obrigado / obrigada

LESSON 5 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? for him

isn’t no for her everything bad the restaurant is If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a nice word with which to start this lesson:

o frango It means “the chicken” You pronounce it “ooh fran-goo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is for me.

The chicken is for me. O frango é para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think the chicken here is delicious.

I think the chicken here is delicious. Para mim, o frango aqui é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is for him.

The chicken is for him. O frango é para ele.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is very good.

The chicken is very good. O frango é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic.

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic. O frango aqui é sempre absolutamente fantástico.

So, “o frango” means “the chicken” and here’s another word you’ll probably recognise:

a pizza It means “the pizza” You pronounce it “ah peet-sah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is for her.

The pizza is for her. A pizza é para ela.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is for me.

The pizza is for me. A pizza é para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza isn’t for me.

The pizza isn’t for me. A pizza não é para mim.

You may have noticed that I’ve used two different words for “the” in this lesson. I said “o frango” means “the chicken” and then I said “a pizza” means “the pizza”. Well, there’s an interesting thing about the word “the” in Portuguese. Read on…

the In Portuguese, there are two words for “the”. One is used in front of masculine nouns, and the other is used in front of feminine nouns. If you use a masculine noun, you have to use ‘o’, if you use a feminine noun, you have to use ‘a’.

o the (masculine)

a the (feminine) How do you know when a noun is masculine or feminine? Sometimes, you can guess. For example, you can probably guess that “boy” is masculine and “girl” is feminine:

o garoto the boy

a garota the girl However, it’s not always so simple; nouns like “table” or “car” don’t have real genders. There is a rule, however, that you can use to work out whether something is masculine or feminine. This rule works about 90% of the time. If a noun ends in the letter A, it’s probably feminine. Look at the five nouns below. The two feminine nouns end in the letter A and the three masculine nouns don’t. Usually, masculine nouns end in the letter O, but not always:

o garoto the boy

o restaurante the restaurant

o frango the chicken

a garota the girl

a pizza the pizza So, just remember the general rule: if a noun ends in the letter A, it’s probably feminine.

What’s a noun? I remember when I started to learn languages, the teacher would throw around these fancy words: noun, adjective, verb and adverb, and I had no idea what she meant. Here’s the simplest definition of a noun that I could find: “If you can put ‘the’ in front of a word, then it’s most probably a noun” The restaurant The chicken The pizza So, that means that words you can put “o” or “a” in front of in Portuguese are nouns.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is good.

The chicken is good. O frango é bom.

bom The word “good” is used to describe things. This is because it’s an adjective and adjectives describe things. If you use “good” to describe something masculine in Portuguese, then you can use “bom”, as we have already seen. However, if you want to say that something feminine is good, the word “bom” changes slightly, and becomes “boa”. So, bearing in mind that “pizza” is a feminine noun, how would you say, “the pizza is good”? A pizza é boa So, you use “bom” when talking about masculine things, and you use “boa” when talking about feminine things.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is good.

The chicken is good. O frango é bom.

WORD LIST SO FAR o frango – the chicken a pizza – the pizza o / a – the (masculine / feminine) bom / boa – good (masculine / feminine)

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is good.

The pizza is good. A pizza é boa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paulo is good.

Paulo is good. Paulo é bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paula is good.

Paula is good. Paula é boa.

So, the feminine version of “bom” is “boa”:

boa It means “good” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “boo-ah”

bom vs. boa So, you use “bom” when you’re describing masculine nouns, and “boa” when you’re describing feminine nouns. “Bom” isn’t the only adjective that can change when describing a feminine noun. Some of the other adjectives we’ve learn can change too. Usually, what happens is, if an adjective ends in the letter O, you change the O to an A to make it feminine. I remember this by thinking of the two names Paulo and Paula. Paulo is a man’s name and it ends in an O, whereas Paula is a woman’s name and it ends in an A. Read on…

What’s an adjective? An adjective is a word that is used to describe something. However, a simpler explanation is this: If you can put “it is” in front of a word, then it’s most probably an adjective. It is good It is fantastic It is delicious It is perfect It is bad The words above are adjectives.

The Portuguese word for “delicious” is “delicioso”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “deliciosa”:

deliciosa It means “delicious” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “day-liss-ee-or-za”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is delicious.

The chicken is delicious. O frango é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is delicious.

The pizza is delicious. A pizza é deliciosa.

The Portuguese word for “perfect” is “perfeito”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “perfeita”:

perfeita It means “perfect” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “pair-fay-tah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is perfect.

The chicken is perfect. O frango é perfeito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is perfect.

The pizza is perfect. A pizza é perfeita.

The Portuguese word for “bad” is “mau”. When you use it to describe a feminine noun, it changes slightly to become “má”:

má It means “bad” when you’re describing feminine things You pronounce it “mah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is bad.

The chicken is bad. O frango é mau.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is bad.

The pizza is bad. A pizza é má.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paulo is bad.

Paulo is bad. Paulo é mau.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paula is bad.

Paula is bad. Paula é má.

masculine & feminine So far, we’ve seen how four adjectives change if they’re describing feminine nouns:

bom – boa delicioso – deliciosa perfeito – perfeita mau – má Here are another couple of adjectives:

fantástico – fantástica lindo – linda

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken is fantastic.

The chicken is fantastic. O frango é fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is fantastic.

The pizza is fantastic. A pizza é fantástica.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paulo is beautiful.

Paulo is beautiful. Paulo é lindo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paula is beautiful.

Paula is beautiful. Paula é linda.

Here’s a word that looks very similar to the English:

terrível It means “terrible” You pronounce it “tay-ree-veu”

So, how would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurant is terrible.

WORD LIST SO FAR o frango – the chicken a pizza – the pizza o / a – the (masculine / feminine) bom / boa – good (masculine / feminine) delicioso / deliciosa – delicious (masculine / feminine) perfeito / perfeita – perfect (masculine / feminine) mau / má – bad (masculine / feminine) fantástico / fantástica – fantastic (masculine / feminine) lindo / linda – beautiful (masculine / feminine) terrível – terrible

The restaurant is terrible. O restaurante é terrível.

terrível The word “terrível” in Portuguese doesn’t change at all when it’s describing feminine words. You can always use “terrível”; whether you’re describing masculine or feminine things as terrible, you always just use “terrível”.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza is terrible.

The pizza is terrible. A pizza é terrível.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s terrible here.

It’s terrible here. É terrível aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think it’s absolutely terrible.

I think it’s absolutely terrible. Para mim, é absolutamente terrível.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s always terrible here.

It’s always terrible here. É sempre terrível aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible.

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible. Não é perfeito mas não é terrível.

Food, glorious food Now, if you go on holiday, I presume you’ll want to order something other than chicken or pizza. So, I’ve created a list of food related vocabulary for you to read through. I’ve called it a “Vocabulary Expansion Section” and you’ll find it at the back of this lesson. I’ve tried to think of as many food or drink items as I possibly could. If you find anything missing, let me know and I’ll add it in. This Vocabulary Expansion Section will add bulk to your Portuguese language. You have been building the structure of the Portuguese language with the words and phrases I’ve given you so far and you can now decorate it and embellish it with the words from the Vocabulary Expansion Section. Now, obviously, you shouldn’t aim to try and learn every single word on the list as it wouldn’t be very useful and it would take a long time. Instead, start to build your own personal vocabulary by learning a few words you think you’ll use regularly. For example, if you really love cheese, you can find and learn the word “o queijo”. Add a few words every week or so and pretty soon you’ll have a nice collection in your brain.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Everything is terrible

2.

The chicken is absolutely delicious

3.

The chicken is absolutely terrible

4.

The chicken is very good

5.

The pizza is very good

6.

The pizza is for her

7.

The pizza is perfect

8.

The chicken is delicious

9.

The pizza is for me

10. The pizza is delicious

1.

Tudo é terrível

2.

O frango é absolutamente delicioso

3.

O frango é absolutamente terrível

4.

O frango é muito bom

5.

A pizza é muito boa

6.

A pizza é para ela

7.

A pizza é perfeita

8.

O frango é delicioso

9.

A pizza é para mim

10. A pizza é deliciosa

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. A pizza é muito boa 2. Tudo é terrível 3. O frango é fantástico 4. O frango é muito bom 5. O frango é perfeito 6. O frango é absolutamente terrível 7. A pizza é deliciosa 8. O frango é muito bom mas a pizza é extraordinária 9. A pizza é para mim 10. Tudo é sempre terrível aqui

1. The pizza is very good 2. Everything is terrible 3. The chicken is fantastic 4. The chicken is very good 5. The chicken is perfect 6. The chicken is absolutely terrible 7. The pizza is delicious 8. The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary 9. The pizza is for me 10. Everything is always terrible here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I think it’s absolutely fantastic

2.

It’s absolutely beautiful

3.

It’s fantastic

4.

It isn’t good here

5.

That isn’t very good

6.

It’s for me

7.

It isn’t for her

8.

It’s always very beautiful here

9.

That for me, thank you

10. I think it’s good

1.

Para mim, é absolutamente fantástico

2.

É absolutamente lindo

3.

É fantástico

4.

Não é bom aqui

5.

Isso não é muito bom

6.

É para mim

7.

Não é para ele

8.

É sempre muito lindo aqui

9.

Isso para mim, obrigado

10. Para mim, é bom

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Isso não é muito bom 2. Não é sempre bom aqui 3. Não é bom aqui 4. É extraordinário 5. Sim, é para mim 6. Tudo é lindo aqui 7. O restaurante não é mau 8. Isso não é mau mas não é perfeito 9. Não é muito bom para ela 10. Isso é para ela

1. That isn’t very good 2. It isn’t always good here 3. It isn’t good here 4. It’s extraordinary 5. Yes, it’s for me 6. Everything is beautiful here 7. The restaurant isn’t bad 8. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. That is for her

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. isn’t 2. is 3. for him 4. good 5. it isn’t 6. yes 7. extraordinary 8. very 9. the chicken 10. fantastic 11. the restaurant 12. but 13. for me 14. everything 15. I think 16. thank you 17. always 18. perfect 19. terrible 20. for her 21. no 22. that is… 23. it is 24. beautiful 25. absolutely 26. that 27. the pizza 28. here 29. delicious

1. não é 2. é 3. para ele 4. bom 5. não é 6. sim 7. extraordinário 8. muito 9. o frango 10. fantástico 11. o restaurante 12. mas 13. para mim 14. tudo 15. para mim 16. obrigado 17. sempre 18. perfeito 19. terrível 20. para ela 21. não 22. isso é… 23. é 24. lindo 25. absolutamente 26. isso 27. a pizza 28. aqui 29. delicioso

Vocabulary Expansion Section

No restaurante

at the restaurant

a salada um pepino uma alface uma cebola um tomate um aipo um pimentão o espinafre um rábano uma beterraba o agrião o molho para salada um crouton

the salad a cucumber a lettuce an onion a tomato the celery a pepper the spinach a radish a beetroot the cress the salad dressing a crouton

a carne o cordeiro o bife bem passado médio mal passado quase cru o peru o presunto a carne de porco o frango a carne de boi a carne de cabra a carne eqüina a lingüiça o pato o coelho a carne de vitela a carne de veado a galinha-d’angola a codorna um fígado um rim

the meat the lamb the steak well done medium-rare rare blue the turkey the ham the pork the chicken the beef the goat meat the horse meat the sausage the duck the rabbit the veal the venison the guinea-fowl the quail a liver a kidney

o peixe o salmão o atum a truta o bacalhau o eglefim a solha o linguado o tamboril

the fish the salmon the tuna the trout the cod the haddock the plaice the sole the monkfish

as verduras uma cenoura um cogumelo uma couve-flor um feijão o milho as ervilhas uma batata um repolho um aspargo os brócolis um alho-poró uma berinjela um feijão-da-espanha um vagem a ervilha-torta a cherivia a abóbora uma abobrinha um jerimum um pepino a couve-de-bruxelas uma alcachofra um nabo um nabo-da-suécia uma batata-doce um grão-de-bico uma lentilha um soja

the vegetables a carrot a mushroom a cauliflower a bean the corn the peas a potato a cabbage an asparagus the broccoli a leek an aubergine a runner bean a green bean the mangetout a parsnip a pumpkin a courgette a marrow a gherkin the brussels sprouts an artichoke a turnip a swede a sweet potato a chickpea a lentil a soybean

os frutos do mar um camarão um langostim o camarão à milanesa uma ostra um mexilhão uma lagosta um caranguejo uma lula um polvo uma anchova

the seafood a prawn a large prawn the scampi an oyster a mussel a lobster a crab a squid/ calamari an octopus an anchovy

as outras coisas o patê o queijo um ovo cozido um ovo cozido mole um ovo frito los huevos revueltos uma omelete um ovo escalfado a sopa os cereais o mingau o musli o arroz a massa o macarrão as batatas fritas as batatinhas fritas um coquetel de camarão um sanduíche um hambúrguer um cachorro quente um kebab

the other things the pâté the cheese a hard-boiled egg a soft boiled egg a fried egg the scrambled eggs an omelette a poached egg the soup the cereal the porridge the muesli the rice the pasta the noodles the chips the crisps a prawn cocktail a sandwich a hamburger a hot dog a kebab

os condimentos etc… o sal a pimienta o vinagre a mostarda o molho de menta o açúcar um adoçante o mel o alho a marmelada o ketchup o molho HP o molho de soja a maionese o azeite (de oliva) a maionese de alho a manteiga o pão (de forma) o pão integral a torrada o iogurte

the condiments etc… the salt the pepper the vinegar the mustard the mint sauce the sugar a sweetener the honey the garlic the marmalade the tomato sauce the brown sauce the soy sauce the mayonnaise the (olive) oil the garlic mayonnaise the butter the (white) bread the brown bread the toast the yoghurt

a sobremesa

the desserts

um bolo um sorvete de morango de baunilha de chocolate de menta de menta com flocos de chocolate

a cake an ice cream strawberry vanilla chocolate mint

o doce uma panqueca o chocolate uma torta o creme uma bolacha uma bolacha de água um muffin o creme de ovos uma musse o ruibarbo uma salada de frutas uma macedônia um coquetel de frutas

mint choc chip the sweets a pancake the chocolate a pie the cream a biscuit a cracker a muffin the custard a mousse the rhubarb a fruit salad a fruit cocktail a fruit cocktail

as frutas um abacaxi uma banana um morango uma framboesa uma laranja uma toranja uma melancia um pêssego uma pêra uma maçâ uma uva uma passa um mirtilo uma nectarina uma ameixa um limão uma lima uma clementina um mikan uma tangerina um damasco uma cereja uma amora silvestre uma baga de zimbro um abacate um cassis uma tâmara uma pitaya uma maracujá uma groselha uma goiaba um kiwi um kinkan uma lichia

the fruit a pineapple a banana a strawberry a raspberry an orange a grapefruit a watermelon a peach a pear an apple a grape a raisin a blueberry a nectarine a plum a lemon a lime a clementine a satsuma a tangerine an apricot a cherry a blackberry a juniper berry an avocado a blackcurrant a date a dragonfruit a passion fruit a gooseberry a guava a kiwi a kumquat a lychee

uma manga um melão um malão doce um cantalupo uma romã uma physalis um oxicoco um amendoim uma noz um pistache uma avelã uma azeitona

a mango a melon a honeydew melon a cantaloupe a pomegranate a physalis a cranberry a peanut a walnut a pistachio a hazelnut an olive

as bebidas um café um chá uma água com gás sem gás da torneira um suco (de frutas) uma agua tônica uma cola la leche uma limonada …light um vinho tinto branco rosado uma cerveja uma cerveja leve um chope uma sidra um xerez um brande um uísque um gim um gim-tônica um licor uma vodca um vermute um Martini um rum um (vinho do) porto um coquetel com gelo

the drinks a coffee a tea a water sparkling still tap a (fruit) juice a tonic water a cola the milk a lemonade diet… a wine red white rosé a beer a lager a small draught beer a cider a sherry a brandy a whisky a gin a gin and tonic a liqueur a vodka a vermouth a Martini a rum a port a cocktail with ice

os talheres uma faca uma faca para manteiga uma faca de pão uma faca para peixe uma faca de bife uma faca para queijo uma faca de trinchar uma colher uma colher de chá uma colher de sopa uma colher de sopa um garfo um prato uma tigela uma xícara um copo um palito um guardanapo uma porta-gelo um jarro de água

the cutlery a knife a butter knife a bread knife a fish knife a steak knife a cheese knife a carving knife a spoon a teaspoon a tablespoon a soup spoon a fork a plate a bowl a cup a glass a toothpick a napkin an ice bucket a waterjug

LESSON 6 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? the chicken the pizza the (masculine / feminine) good (masculine / feminine) delicious (masculine / feminine) perfect (masculine / feminine) bad (masculine / feminine) fantastic (masculine / feminine) beautiful (masculine / feminine) terrible If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

o meu It means “my” You pronounce it “ooh may-oo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My chicken is delicious.

My chicken is delicious. O meu frango é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My restaurant is good.

My restaurant is good. O meu restaurante é bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My chicken is fantastic.

My chicken is fantastic. O meu frango é fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My chicken is very good.

My chicken is very good. O meu frango é muito bom.

Here’s your next Portuguese word. You’ll probably guess what it means:

o hotel It means “the hotel” You pronounce it “ooh oh-tel” You never pronounce the letter ‘h’ in Portuguese

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The hotel is very good.

The hotel is very good. O hotel é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The hotel isn’t bad.

The hotel isn’t bad. O hotel não é mau.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My hotel is fantastic.

My hotel is fantastic. O meu hotel é fantástico.

Here’s a useful phrase in Portuguese:

todo o mundo It means “everybody” or “everyone” You pronounce it “toh-doo ooh mun-doo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everybody is good here.

Everybody is good here. Todo o mundo é bom aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everybody is fantastic.

Everybody is fantastic. Todo o mundo é fantástico.

WORD LIST SO FAR o meu – my o hotel – the hotel todo o mundo – everybody / everyone

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everybody is always fantastic here.

Everybody is always fantastic here. Todo o mundo é sempre fantástico aqui.

Here’s a nice word:

simpático It means “nice” You pronounce it “sim-pah-tee-koo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s nice here.

It’s nice here. É simpático aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everybody is nice.

Everybody is nice. Todo o mundo é simpático.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everybody here is nice.

Everybody here is nice. Todo o mundo aqui é simpático.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Everybody here is always very nice.

Everybody here is always very nice. Todo o mundo aqui é sempre muito simpático.

Portuguese MY We learnt last lesson that the Portuguese have two words for “the”: O and A. Well, the Portuguese also have two words for “my”: O MEU for masculine words, and A MINHA for feminine words. “A minha” is pronounced “ah min-yah”.

o meu my (masculine)

a minha my (feminine) So, you use “o meu” in front of masculine nouns and “a minha” in front of feminine nouns. For example: o meu frango – my chicken a minha pizza – my pizza

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My chicken is good.

My chicken is good. O meu frango é bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My pizza is delicious.

My pizza is delicious. A minha pizza é deliciosa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My hotel is terrible.

My hotel is terrible. O meu hotel é terrível.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My pizza is very bad.

My pizza is very bad. A minha pizza é muito má.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My pizza is absolutely perfect.

My pizza is absolutely perfect. A minha pizza é absolutamente perfeita.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My chicken is absolutely perfect.

My chicken is absolutely perfect. O meu frango é absolutamente perfeito.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

My hotel is very good

2.

The hotel is very good

3.

That is my pizza

4.

My hotel isn’t very good

5.

Everybody is fantastic here

6.

The hotel is fantastic

7.

Everybody is very nice

8.

The hotel is terrible

9.

The hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary

10. My pizza is delicious

1.

O meu hotel é muito bom

2.

O hotel é muito bom

3.

Isso é a minha pizza

4.

O meu hotel não é muito bom

5.

Todo o mundo é fantástico aqui

6.

O hotel é fantástico

7.

Todo o mundo é muito simpático

8.

O hotel é terrível

9.

O hotel é terrível mas o restaurante é extraordinário

10. A minha pizza é deliciosa

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. O meu hotel é muito bom 2. A minha pizza é perfeita 3. O meu frango é terrível 4. Isso não é o meu frango 5. Para mim, todo o mundo é muito simpático 6. O meu frango é delicioso 7. O hotel é muito bom 8. O hotel é fantástico 9. Todo o mundo é fantástico aqui 10. Todo o mundo é sempre simpático aqui

1. My hotel is very good 2. My pizza is perfect 3. My chicken is terrible 4. That isn’t my chicken 5. I think everybody is very nice 6. My chicken is delicious 7. The hotel is very good 8. The hotel is fantastic 9. Everybody is fantastic here 10. Everybody is always nice here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It isn’t very good for me

2.

The restaurant is very good

3.

It’s very good, thank you

4.

It isn’t good; it’s fantastic

5.

The chicken is fantastic

6.

It isn’t delicious

7.

That’s the chicken

8.

That isn’t very good

9.

Not for me

10. It’s always absolutely perfect

1.

Não é muito bom para mim

2.

O restaurante é muito bom

3.

É muito bom, obrigado

4.

Não é bom ; é fantástico

5.

O frango é fantástico

6.

Não é delicioso

7.

Isso é o frango

8.

Isso não é muito bom

9.

Não para mim

10. É sempre absolutamente perfeito

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Não é para ela; é para ele 2. O restaurante é absolutamente extraordinário 3. Tudo é perfeito 4. Para mim, a pizza é absolutamente perfeita 5. Não é para ela; é para mim 6. O restaurante aqui é fantástico 7. É absolutamente delicioso 8. Não é para mim 9. É sempre bom aqui 10. É sempre fantástico aqui

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 2. The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary 3. Everything is perfect 4. I think the pizza is absolutely perfect 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The restaurant here is fantastic 7. It’s absolutely delicious 8. It isn’t for me 9. It’s always good here 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. very 2. is 3. but 4. beautiful 5. delicious 6. the hotel 7. everything 8. my 9. it isn’t 10. absolutely 11. that is… 12. yes 13. the chicken 14. good 15. for her 16. nice 17. it is 18. extraordinary 19. perfect 20. no 21. here 22. the pizza 23. for me 24. thank you 25. everybody 26. fantastic 27. I think 28. that 29. terrible 30. always 31. for him

32. the restaurant 33. isn’t

1. muito 2. é 3. mas 4. lindo 5. delicioso 6. o hotel 7. tudo 8. o meu 9. não é 10. absolutamente 11. isso é… 12. sim 13. o frango 14. bom 15. para ela 16. simpático 17. é 18. extraordinário 19. perfeito 20. não 21. aqui 22. a pizza 23. para mim 24. obrigado / obrigada 25. todo o mundo 26. fantástico 27. para mim 28. isso 29. terrível 30. sempre 31. para ele 32. o restaurante 33. não é

Obrigado Before you go, I’d like to say “obrigado” for buying this book. There are lots of Portuguese books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons four to six of my “3 Minute Portuguese” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons seven to nine, and further books after that to continue building your Portuguese language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, obrigado e até logo!

3 MINUTE PORTUGUESE LESSONS 7 – 9 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hello and welcome to “3 Minute Portuguese”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Portuguese. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Portuguese: Lessons 4-6”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Portuguese now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Portuguese language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 260 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Portuguese, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 7 os números LESSON 8 LESSON 9 Obrigado

LESSON 7 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? my (masculine / feminine) the hotel nice everybody / everyone If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

um It means “a” You pronounce it “oom”

The Portuguese A So far, we’ve seen that the Portuguese have two words for “the”:

o/a We’ve also seen that they have two words for “my”:

o meu / a minha Well, in Portuguese, there are also two words for “a”:

um / uma “a” (masculine / feminine) You pronounce “um” as “oom”. You pronounce “uma” as “oomah”.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A chicken.

A chicken. Um frango.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A pizza.

A pizza. Uma pizza.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A restaurant.

A restaurant. Um restaurante.

Here’s a useful word if you ever find yourself thirsty in Portugal:

um café It means “a coffee” You pronounce it “oom cah-fay”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A coffee for me.

A coffee for me. Um café para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The coffee here is delicious.

The coffee here is delicious. O café aqui é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My coffee is terrible.

My coffee is terrible. O meu café é terrível.

If you don’t really like coffee, perhaps this word might take your fancy:

um chá It means “a tea” You pronounce it “oom chah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A tea for me.

A tea for me. Um chá para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The tea here is terrible.

The tea here is terrible. O chá aqui é terrível.

WORD LIST SO FAR um / uma – a um café – a coffee um chá – a tea

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My tea is absolutely delicious.

My tea is absolutely delicious. O meu chá é absolutamente delicioso.

We learnt previously that the word “obrigado/obrigada” means “thank you” in Portuguese. Well, manners cost nothing, so here’s another phrase:

se faz favor It means “please” You pronounce it “ser fash fah-voor”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A tea for me, please.

A tea for me, please. Um chá para mim, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A coffee for him, please.

A coffee for him, please. Um café para ele, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza for me, please.

The pizza for me, please. A pizza para mim, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The chicken for her, please.

The chicken for her, please. O frango para ela, se faz favor.

Here’s an extremely useful word in Portuguese:

quero It means “I would like” You pronounce it “kay-rooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a coffee, please.

I would like a coffee, please. Quero um café, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a tea for me.

I would like a tea for me. Quero um chá para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like the chicken, please.

I would like the chicken, please. Quero o frango, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like the pizza.

I would like the pizza. Quero a pizza.

Here’s your next Portuguese word:

uma reserva It means “a reservation” You pronounce it “ooma reh-sair-vah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a reservation.

I would like a reservation. Quero uma reserva.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a reservation, please.

I would like a reservation, please. Quero uma reserva, se faz favor.

Now, if you don’t want to dine alone, you might want a reservation for:

duas pessoas It means “two people” You pronounce it “doo-ash peh-soh-ash”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a reservation for two people, please.

I would like a reservation for two people, please. Quero uma reserva para duas pessoas, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for two people.

It’s for two people. É para duas pessoas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s perfect for two people.

It’s perfect for two people. É perfeito para duas pessoas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It isn’t very good for two people.

It isn’t very good for two people. Não é muito bom para duas pessoas.

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

uma mesa It means “a table” You pronounce it “ooma meh-zah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a table.

I would like a table. Quero uma mesa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a table, please.

I would like a table, please. Quero uma mesa, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a table for two people, please.

I would like a table for two people, please. Quero uma mesa para duas pessoas, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A table for two people, please.

A table for two people, please. Uma mesa para duas pessoas, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a table for three people.

I would like a table for three people. Quero uma mesa para três pessoas.

A table for fifty! Remember how I put a Vocabulary Expansion Section in the last lesson? It had food and drink related vocabulary. Well, I’ve put another Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you, too. This time, it includes all the numbers in Portuguese from zero to a thousand. If you try and learn one to twelve off by heart, you will be able to get by in most situations.

WORD LIST SO FAR um / uma – a um café – a coffee um chá – a tea se faz favor – please quero – I would like uma reserva – a reservation duas pessoas – two people uma mesa – a table

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The pizza for him, please

2.

A table for two people, please

3.

A tea for him

4.

I would like a reservation for two people, please

5.

I would like a table for three people, please

6.

A coffee for me

7.

I would like the chicken, please

8.

I would like a table for five people, please

9.

I would like a coffee, please

10. I would like a tea, please

1.

A pizza para ele, se faz favor

2.

Uma mesa para duas pessoas, se faz favor

3.

Um chá para ele

4.

Quero uma reserva para duas pessoas, se faz favor

5.

Quero uma mesa para três pessoas, se faz favor

6.

Um café para mim

7.

Quero o frango, se faz favor

8.

Quero uma mesa para cinco pessoas, se faz favor

9.

Quero um café, se faz favor

10. Quero um chá, se faz favor

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Uma mesa para cinco pessoas, se faz favor 2. A pizza é para ele, se faz favor 3. O meu chá é absolutamente terrível 4. Quero uma reserva, se faz favor 5. Uma mesa para três, se faz favor 6. O meu café é muito bom 7. Quero uma mesa para oito pessoas, se faz favor 8. O meu café é terrível 9. Quero o frango, se faz favor 10. Quero uma reserva para cinco

1. A table for five people, please 2. The pizza for him, please 3. My tea is absolutely terrible 4. I would like a reservation, please 5. A table for three, please 6. My coffee is very good 7. I would like a table for eight people, please 8. My coffee is terrible 9. I would like the chicken, please 10. I would like a reservation for five

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s absolutely beautiful

2.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

3.

My chicken is terrible

4.

It’s absolutely delicious

5.

The chicken is very good

6.

I think it’s delicious

7.

I think everybody is very nice

8.

It’s perfect here

9.

Everything is nice here

10. I think everything is perfect

1.

É absolutamente lindo

2.

Para mim, o restaurante é fantástico

3.

O meu frango é terrível

4.

É absolutamente delicioso

5.

O frango é muito bom

6.

Para mim, é delicioso

7.

Para mim, todo o mundo é muito simpático

8.

É perfeito aqui

9.

Tudo é simpático aqui

10. Para mim, tudo é perfeito

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Sim, é absolutamente delicioso 2. É sempre muito bom aqui 3. Para mim, é absolutamente lindo aqui 4. A pizza é para ela 5. Todo o mundo é simpático aqui 6. Não é bom aqui; é absolutamente fantástico 7. O meu hotel é lindo 8. Tudo é terrível aqui 9. É absolutamente lindo 10. Para mim, é muito bom aqui

1. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 2. It’s always very good here 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. The pizza is for her 5. Everybody is nice here 6. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 7. My hotel is beautiful 8. Everything is terrible here 9. It’s absolutely beautiful 10. I think it’s very good here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. for him 2. no 3. the chicken 4. a coffee 5. perfect 6. the restaurant 7. always 8. extraordinary 9. fantastic 10. it isn’t 11. yes 12. nice 13. here 14. the pizza 15. very 16. two people 17. delicious 18. a table 19. beautiful 20. everything 21. a tea 22. for her 23. everybody 24. is 25. it is 26. thank you 27. the hotel 28. I think 29. for me 30. a 31. terrible

32. a reservation 33. but 34. my 35. I would like 36. absolutely 37. please 38. good 39. isn’t 40. that 41. that is…

1. para ele 2. não 3. o frango 4. um café 5. perfeito 6. o restaurante 7. sempre 8. extraordinário 9. fantástico 10. não é 11. sim 12. simpático 13. aqui 14. a pizza 15. muito 16. duas pessoas 17. delicioso 18. uma mesa 19. lindo 20. tudo 21. um chá 22. para ela 23. todo o mundo 24. é 25. é 26. obrigado / obrigada 27. o hotel 28. para mim 29. para mim 30. um 31. terrível 32. uma reserva 33. mas 34. o meu

35. quero 36. absolutamente 37. se faz favor 38. bom 39. não é 40. isso 41. isso é…

Vocabulary Expansion Section

os números

the numbers

0-10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

zero um/uma dois/duas três quatro cinco seis sete oito nove dez

11-20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

onze doze treze catorze quinze dezesseis dezessete dezoito dezenove vinte

21-30 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

vinte e um vinte e dois vinte e três vinte e quatro vinte e cinco vinte e seis vinte e sete vinte e oito vinte e nove trinta

31-40 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

trinta e um trinta e dois trinta e três trinta e quatro trinta e cinco trinta e seis trinta e sete trinta e oito trinta e nove quarenta

41-50 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

quarenta e um quarenta e dois quarenta e três quarenta e quatro quarenta e cinco quarenta e seis quarenta e sete quarenta e oito quarenta e nove cinqüenta

51-60 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

cinqüenta e um cinqüenta e dois cinqüenta e três cinqüenta e quatro cinqüenta e cinco cinqüenta e seis cinqüenta e sete cinqüenta e oito cinqüenta e nove sessenta

61-70 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

sessenta e um sessenta e dois sessenta e três sessenta e quatro sessenta e cinco sessenta e seis sessenta e sete sessenta e oito sessenta e nove setenta

71-80 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

setenta e um setenta e dois setenta e três setenta e quatro setenta e cinco setenta e seis setenta e sete setenta e oito setenta e nove oitenta

81-90 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

oitenta e um oitenta e dois oitenta e três oitenta e quatro oitenta e cinco oitenta e seis oitenta e sete oitenta e oito oitenta e nove noventa

91-100 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

noventa e um noventa e dois noventa e três noventa e quatro noventa e cinco noventa e seis noventa e sete noventa e oito noventa e nove cem

101-110 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110

cento e um cento e dois cento e três cento e quatro cento e cinco cento e seis cento e sete cento e oito cento e nove cento e dez

200-210 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210

duzentos duzentos e um duzentos e dois duzentos e três duzentos e quatro duzentos e cinco duzentos e seis duzentos e sete duzentos e oito duzentos e nove duzentos e dez

300-1000 300 301 302 303 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1000000

trezentos trezentos e um trezentos e dois trezentos e três quatrocentos quinhentos seiscentos setecentos oitocentos novecentos mil um milhão

LESSON 8 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? a (masculine / feminine) a tea a table I would like two people please a coffee a reservation If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

a comida It means “the food” You pronounce it “ah coh-mee-dah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The food is good here.

The food is here. A comida é boa aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The food is delicious.

The food is delicious. A comida é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The food here is always very good.

The food here is always very good. A comida aqui é sempre muito boa.

Here’s a useful little linking word in Portuguese:

e It means “and” You pronounce it “eee”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a tea and a coffee.

I would like a tea and a coffee. Quero um chá e um café.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like the chicken for me and the pizza for him.

I would like the chicken for me and the pizza for him. Quero o frango para mim e a pizza para ele.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Maria and Paulo.

Maria and Paulo. Maria e Paulo.

This is a nice little word:

também It means “also” You pronounce it “tam-bym”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a tea and also a coffee.

I would like a tea and also a coffee. Quero um chá e também um café.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please.

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please. Também, quero um café para mim, se faz favor.

WORD LIST SO FAR a comida – the food e – and também – also

The word for “is” in Portuguese is “é”. Here’s another useful word:

são It means “are” You pronounce it “saow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The tea and the coffee are for me.

The tea and the coffee are for me. O chá e o café são para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That and that are for him.

That and that are for him. Isso e isso são para ele.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The pizza and the chicken are for me.

The pizza and the chicken are for me. A pizza e o frango são para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The tea and the coffee are for me.

The tea and the coffee are for me. O chá e o café são para mim.

The opposite to “são”, in Portuguese, is:

não são It means “are not” You pronounce it “now-saow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The tea and the coffee aren’t for him.

The tea and the coffee aren’t for him. O chá e o café não são para ele.

The Portuguese THE So far, we’ve seen that the Portuguese have two words for “the”:

O&A Well, there is actually a third and fourth way:

OS & AS These are used when there is more than one of something. You use OS in front of masculine nouns and AS in front of feminine nouns. E.g. as mesas = the tables os frangos = the chickens We call them the “plural the”

o the (masculine singular)

a the (feminine singular)

os the (masculine plural)

as the (feminine plural)

The Portuguese plural In English, most of the time, if you want to make a noun plural, you just add an ‘s’ to the end. E.g. “chicken” becomes “chickens” in the plural. Most of the time, you can do this in Portuguese, too. You just put an ‘s’ on the end of the noun and put the “plural the” in front of it. Look at the examples below:

o frango – os frangos the chicken – the chickens

a pizza – as pizzas the pizza – the pizzas

o restaurante – os restaurantes the restaurant – the restaurants

Here is a list of singular nouns. See if you can make them plural. I’ve put the answers on the next page: 1. o frango (the chicken) 2. a pizza (the pizza) 3. o restaurante (the restaurant) 4. o hotel (the hotel) 5. o café (the coffee) 6. o chá (the tea) 7. a mesa (the table) 8. a pessoa (the person) 9. a reserva (the reservation) 10. a chave (the key) 11. o livro (the book) 12. a casa (the house) 13. o vinho (the wine) 14. o copo (the glass)

Here are the answers. I hope you got them all right! 1. os frangos (the chickens) 2. as pizzas (the pizzas) 3. os restaurantes (the restaurants) 4. os hoteis* (the hotels) 5. os cafés (the coffees) 6. os chás (the teas) 7. as mesas (the tables) 8. as pessoas (the people) 9. as reservas (the reservations) 10. as chaves (the keys) 11. os livros (the books) 12. as casas (the houses) 13. os vinhos (the wines) 14. os copos (the glasses) *The word “hotel” doesn’t quite follow the rules; in the plural it becomes “hoteis” so the L at the end turns into an i before you add the ‘s’.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The coffees are for her.

The coffees are for her. Os cafés são para ela.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The restaurants.

The restaurants. Os restaurantes.

Making the adjective agree Remember, I showed you that all adjectives have a feminine form that you have to use when talking about a feminine noun? Well, there are also plural forms. You use these to talk about plural nouns. So, that means each adjective in Portuguese has four different forms. I’ll show you with the adjective “fantástico” (fantastic).

o frango é fantástico the chicken is fantastic (masculine singular)

a pizza é fantástica the pizza is fantastic (feminine singular)

os frangos são fantásticos the chickens are fantastic (masculine plural)

as pizzas são fantásticas the pizzas are fantastic (feminine plural) Every single adjective has these four forms. I’ve laid out all the different forms of each of the adjectives we’ve learnt so far. It goes “English – masculine singular – masculine plural – feminine singular – feminine plural”. GOOD – BOM – BONS – BOA – BOAS DELICIOUS – DELICIOSO – DELICIOSOS – DELICIOSA – DELICIOSAS FANTASTIC – FANTÁSTICO – FANTÁSTICOS – FANTÁSTICA – FANTÁSTICAS

BEAUTIFUL – LINDO – LINDOS – LINDA – LINDAS EXTRAORDINARY – EXTRAORDINÁRIO – EXTRAORDINÁRIOS – EXTRAORDINÁRIA – EXTRAORDINÁRIAS PERFECT – PERFEITO – PERFEITOS – PERFEITA – PERFEITAS BAD – MAU – MAUS – MÁ – MÁS TERRIBLE – TERRÍVEL – TERRÍVEIS – TERRÍVEL – TERRÍVEIS NICE – SIMPÁTICO – SIMPÁTICOS – SIMPÁTICA - SIMPÁTICAS

Masculine or Feminine? So, when you’re talking about masculine nouns you use the masculine singular or the masculine plural versions of the adjective, and when you’re talking about a feminine noun you use the feminine singular or the feminine plural versions of the adjectives. o frango é bom os frangos são bons a pizza é boa as pizzas são boas However, what if you want to say something like this? The chicken and the pizza are good Well, whenever you’re talking about a mixture of masculine and feminine nouns, the masculine plural adjective is always used. o frango e a pizza são bons

Now, let’s practise a little with these adjective agreement rules. Here’s a random feminine noun:

uma cenoura It means “a carrot” You pronounce it “oomah si-noo-rah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The carrot.

The carrot. A cenoura.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The carrots.

The carrots. As cenouras.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The carrots are good.

The carrots are good. As cenouras são boas.

And here’s a random masculine noun:

um bolo It means “a cake” You pronounce it “oom boh-loo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The cake.

The cake. O bolo.

How would you say this?

The cakes.

The cakes. Os bolos.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The cakes are good.

The cakes are good. Os bolos são bons.

The Portuguese MY Just like the word “the”, the Portuguese word for “my” has four versions, too:

o meu my (masculine singular)

a minha my (feminine singular)

os meus my (masculine plural)

as minhas my (feminine plural)

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My carrots are delicious.

My carrots are delicious. As minhas cenouras são deliciosas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My cakes are delicious.

My cakes are delicious. Os meus bolos são deliciosos.

Quick test Let’s do a quick test. See if you can translate these sentences into Portuguese. The answers are on the next page. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

My chicken is good. My pizza is good. My cakes are good. My carrots are good. The chicken here is good. The pizza here is good. The cakes here are good. The carrots here are good.

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

O meu frango é bom. A minha pizza é boa. Os meus bolos são bons. As minhas cenouras são boas. O frango aqui é bom. A pizza aqui é boa. Os bolos aqui são bons. As cenouras aqui são boas.

Don’t lose sleep This lesson has been full of little grammar rules. They aren’t difficult to understand but there are a lot to remember, especially for a beginner in the language. However, I always say, “Don't lose sleep!” I’ve introduced these grammatical structures very early on in the course but I don’t expect you to remember them all whenever you speak Portuguese. The reason I’ve introduced them now is because it’s best to get them out of the way with early, and then the more you see them, the more you’ll remember them. The most important thing when speaking a foreign language is just making sure you’re understood. Whether you miss off a letter or use the wrong word for “the”, as long as you’re speaking and the other person understands what you're saying, it doesn't matter in the slightest. Worrying about these rules will only stop you from wanting to speak but at the same time, knowing about them will make it easier in the long run. But, as I said, don’t lose sleep over them. Even the most fluent of speakers makes a slip-up with these rules now and again so just learn them and then focus on the speaking.

WORD LIST SO FAR a comida – the food e – and também – also são – are não são – aren’t os / as – the (masculine plural / feminine plural) uma cenoura – a carrot um bolo – a cake os meus / as minhas – my (masculine plural / feminine plural)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The food here is always delicious

2.

I would like two chickens, please, one for me and one for her

3.

The carrots are very good

4.

I think the food is perfect here

5.

The cakes are very good

6.

The food is always terrible

7.

The chicken for me and the pizza for her, please

8.

The food here is very good

9.

The chicken is delicious

10. The pizza and the chicken are very good

1.

A comida aquí é sempre deliciosa

2.

Quero dois frangos, se faz favor, um para mim e um para ela

3.

As cenouras são muito boas

4.

Para mim, a comida é perfeita aqui

5.

Os bolos são muito bons

6.

A comida é terrível aqui

7.

O frango para mim e a pizza para ela, se faz favor

8.

A comida aqui é muito boa

9.

O frango é delicioso

10. A pizza e o frango são muito bons

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. A comida aqui é muito boa 2. A pizza é deliciosa 3. A minha comida é deliciosa 4. As cenouras são terríveis 5. O frango é delicioso 6. Os bolos são muito bons 7. Quero dois chás e três cafés 8. Quero um chá para ele e um café para ela 9. Também, quero um café, se faz favor 10. A minhas cenouras são perfeitas

1. The food here is very good 2. The pizza is delicious 3. My food is delicious 4. The carrots are terrible 5. The chicken is delicious 6. The cakes are very good 7. I would like two teas and three coffees 8. I would like a tea for him and a coffee for her 9. Also, I would like a coffee, please 10. My carrots are perfect

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It isn’t very good

2.

I would like a coffee, please

3.

Everybody is very nice

4.

The restaurant is very good

5.

The hotel is terrible

6.

It’s good

7.

The chicken is very good

8.

The pizza is very good

9.

It isn’t very delicious

10. I would like a tea for him, please

1.

Não é muito bom

2.

Quero um café, se faz favor

3.

Todo o mundo é muito simpático

4.

O restaurante é muito bom

5.

O hotel e terrível

6.

É bom

7.

O frango é muito bom

8.

A pizza é muito boa

9.

Não é muito delicioso

10. Quero um chá para ele, se faz favor

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Isso é delicioso mas não é muito bom para mim 2. Não é fantástico mas é muito bom 3. Não para ela 4. O restaurante não é mau 5. Não é para ela; é para ele 6. Não é para ele; é para mim 7. O frango é muito bom mas a pizza é extraordinária 8. Para mim, a pizza á extraordinária 9. Isso para mim, obrigado 10. É muito bom

1. That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me 2. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 3. Not for her 4. The restaurant isn’t bad 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 6. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 7. The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary 8. I think the pizza is extraordinary 9. That for me, thank you 10. It’s very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. nice 2. my 3. everything 4. for me 5. a coffee 6. a carrot 7. it is 8. please 9. the restaurant 10. the pizza 11. I think 12. that is… 13. but 14. and 15. for her 16. yes 17. a cake 18. perfect 19. I would like 20. the (plural) 21. the food 22. aren't 23. no 24. a 25. very 26. a table 27. everybody 28. always 29. also 30. here 31. beautiful

32. my (plural) 33. a reservation 34. that 35. good 36. isn’t 37. extraordinary 38. a tea 39. it isn’t 40. absolutely 41. delicious 42. the chicken 43. the hotel 44. are 45. fantastic 46. terrible 47. thank you 48. is 49. for him 50. two people 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

simpático o meu / a minha tudo para mim um café uma cenoura é se faz favor o restaurante a pizza para mim isso é… mas e para ela sim

17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

um bolo perfeito quero os / as a comida não são não um / uma muito uma mesa todo o mundo sempre também aqui lindo os meus / as minhas uma reserva isso bom não é extraordinário um chá não é absolutamente delicioso o frango o hotel são fantástico terrível obrigado é para ele duas pessoas

LESSON 9 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? a cake the (plural) my (plural) aren’t a carrot and the food are also If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more. Now the previous lesson was rather intense, what with all the masculine, feminine, singular and plural rules. Therefore, I’m going to make this lesson a little less taxing. I’ll call it the “Greetings Lesson”, and you’ll soon see why.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

olá It means “hello” You pronounce it “oh-lah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please.

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please. Olá, quero um café, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Hello, a tea for me, please.

Hello, a tea for me, please. Olá, um chá para mim, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Hello, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please.

Hello, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please. Olá, a pizza para mim e o frango para ele, se faz favor.

Here’s your next greetings based word:

bom dia It means “good day” or “good morning” You pronounce it “bom dee-ah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Good day, two coffees, please.

Good day, two coffees, please. Bom dia, dois cafés, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Good day, I’d like a table for two people, please.

Good day, I’d like a table for two people, please. Bom dia, quero uma mesa para duas pessoas, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Good morning.

Good morning. Bom dia.

This is a nice little word:

boa tarde It means “good afternoon” or “good evening” You pronounce it “bo-ah tar-de”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please.

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please. Boa tarde, quero uma mesa para três pessoas, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Good afternoon, two teas, please.

Good afternoon, two teas, please. Boa tarde, dois cafés, se faz favor.

WORD LIST SO FAR olá – hello bom dia –good day / good morning boa tarde – good afternoon / good evening

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please.

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please. Boa tarde, quero uma pizza, se faz favor.

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

boa noite It means “goodnight” You pronounce it “bo-ah noit”

Here’s another word that goes nicely with the last word:

tchau It means “goodbye” You pronounce it “chow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Goodbye and goodnight.

Goodbye and goodnight. Tchau e boa noite.

Here’s a final greetings phrase in Portuguese:

até logo It means “see you soon” You pronounce it “ah-tay log-ooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

See you soon.

See you soon. Até logo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Goodbye and see you soon.

Goodbye and see you soon. Tchau e até logo.

Quick test Let’s just have a quick test. See if you can remember what all of these are in Portuguese (the answers are on the next page): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Hello Good day Good evening Goodnight Good afternoon Good morning Goodbye See you soon

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Olá Bom dia Boa tarde Boa noite Boa tarde Bom dia Tchau Até logo

WORD LIST SO FAR olá – hello bom dia –good morning / good day boa tarde – good afternoon / good evening boa noite – goodnight tchau – goodbye até logo – see you soon

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Goodbye and see you soon

2.

Hello, I’d like two teas, please

3.

Good day

4.

Goodnight

5.

Hello

6.

Good evening

7.

Goodbye

8.

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please

9.

Good morning

10. See you soon

1.

Tchau e até logo

2.

Olá, quero dois chás, se faz favor

3.

Bom dia

4.

Boa noite

5.

Olá

6.

Boa tarde

7.

Tchau

8.

Olá, quero um café, se faz favor

9.

Bom dia

10. Até logo

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Boa tarde 2. Tchau 3. Bom dia 4. Olá 5. Boa noite 6. Tchau e boa noite 7. Olá, quero dois chás e um café 8. Boa tarde, quero um café, se faz favor 9. Boa tarde, quero uma mesa para duas pessoas, se faz favor 10. Até logo

1. Good evening 2. Goodbye 3. Good day 4. Hello 5. Goodnight 6. Goodbye and goodnight 7. Hello, I’d like two teas and a coffee 8. Good evening, I would like a coffee, please 9. Good evening, I would like a table for two people, please 10. See you soon

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I think that is absolutely extraordinary

2.

The food is fantastic

3.

It’s extraordinary here

4.

Also, I’d like a coffee, please

5.

Everything here is delicious

6.

The food is always delicious here

7.

That is for me

8.

I would like a table for three people

9.

It’s for her

10. Everything is fantastic here

1.

Para mim, isso é absolutamente extraordinário

2.

A comida é fantástica

3.

É extraordinário aqui

4.

Também, quero um café, se faz favor

5.

Tudo aqui é delicioso

6.

A comida é sempre deliciosa aqui

7.

Isso é para mim

8.

Quero uma mesa para três pessoas

9.

É para ela

10. Tudo é fantástico aqui

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Não é muito bom para mim 2. Sim, é para mim 3. Isso não é muito bom para mim 4. Quero um café, se faz favor 5. Não é para ela; é para mim 6. A comida é terrível 7. O frango é delicioso 8. Não é mau aqui 9. Todo o mundo é muito simpático 10. Quero uma mesa para cinco, se faz favor

1. It isn’t very good for me 2. Yes, it’s for me 3. That isn’t very good for me 4. I would like a coffee, please 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The food is terrible 7. The chicken is delicious 8. It isn’t bad here 9. Everybody is very nice 10. I would like a table for five, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. fantastic 2. everything 3. isn't 4. hello 5. delicious 6. also 7. here 8. a coffee 9. everybody 10. I think / in my opinion 11. that is 12. goodnight 13. it is 14. for her 15. perfect 16. and 17. is 18. two people 19. a 20. no 21. a table 22. see you later 23. good evening 24. nice 25. a cake 26. aren't 27. that 28. the chicken 29. terrible 30. the food 31. goodbye

32. the pizza 33. the restaurant 34. good day 35. I would like 36. yes 37. a carrot 38. my (plural) 39. but 40. are 41. beautiful 42. the hotel 43. for him 44. a reservation 45. good 46. absolutely 47. very 48. bad 49. my 50. a tea 51. thank you 52. it isn't 53. always 54. please 55. the (plural) 56. for me 57. extraordinary

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

fantástico tudo não é olá delicioso também aqui um café todo o mundo para mim isso é boa noite é para ela perfeito e é duas pessoas um / uma não uma mesa até logo boa tarde simpático um bolo não são isso o frango terrível a comida tchau a pizza o restaurante bom dia quero

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57.

sim uma cenoura os meus / as minhas mas são lindo o hotel para ele uma reserva bom absolutamente muito mau o meu / a minha um chá obrigado não é sempre se faz favor os / as para mim extraordinário

Obrigado Before you go, I’d like to say “obrigado” for buying this book. There are lots of Portuguese books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons seven to nine of my “3 Minute Portuguese” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons ten to twelve, and further books after that to continue building your Portuguese language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, obrigado e até logo!

3 MINUTE PORTUGUESE LESSONS 10 – 12 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hello and welcome to “3 Minute Portuguese”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Portuguese. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Portuguese: Lessons 7-9”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Portuguese now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Portuguese language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 260 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Portuguese, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 10 LESSON 11 LESSON 12 Obrigado

LESSON 10 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt at the end of the last book. How do you say the following in Portuguese? good evening goodbye hello good day see you soon good morning goodnight If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last book and have a quick review of them before you start this book. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Portuguese for this book:

a conta It means “the bill” You pronounce it “ah con-tah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like the bill.

I would like the bill. Quero a conta.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like my bill.

I would like my bill. Quero a minha conta.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The bill is for him.

The bill is for him. A conta é para ele.

Here’s a phrase you might be able to work out:

uma garrafa de It means “a bottle of” You pronounce it “ooma gah-rah-fah dee”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

A bottle of wine.

A bottle of wine. Uma garrafa de vinho.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a bottle of wine.

I would like a bottle of wine. Quero uma garrafa de vinho.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like two bottles of wine, please.

I would like two bottles of wine, please. Quero duas garrafas de vinho.

Two or two? In Portuguese, there are two ways to say “two”. There’s a masculine version and a feminine version:

dois two (masculine)

duas two (feminine) You should always use “dois” as your default version of “two”. However, if it’s used in front of a feminine object, you should use “duas” instead.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The bottle.

The bottle. A garrafa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The bottle of wine.

The bottle of wine. A garrafa de vinho.

You’ll know what this means now:

o vinho It means “the wine” You pronounce it “ooo vin-yoo”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like the wine.

WORD LIST SO FAR a conta – the bill uma garrafa de – a bottle of uma garrafa de vinho – a bottle of wine dois / duas – two (masculine / feminine) o vinho – the wine

I would like the wine. Quero o vinho.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The wine is delicious.

The wine is delicious. O vinho é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The wine is very good.

The wine is very good. O vinho é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The wine is for me.

The wine is for me. O vinho é para mim.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think the wine is always very good here.

I think the wine is always very good here. Para mim, o vinho é sempre muito bom aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My wine is terrible.

My wine is terrible. O meu vinho é terrível.

Have a look at this phrase:

uma garrafa de água It means “a bottle of water” You pronounce it “oomah gah-rah-fah dee ah-gwah”

WORD LIST SO FAR a conta – the bill uma garrafa de – a bottle of uma garrafa de vinho – a bottle of wine dois / duas – two (masculine / feminine) o vinho – the wine uma garrafa de água – a bottle of water

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The bottle of water.

The bottle of water. A garrafa de água.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a bottle of water, please.

I would like a bottle of water, please. Quero uma garrafa de água, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please.

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please. Quero uma garrafa de água para a mesa, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The bottle of water for me, please.

The bottle of water for me, please. A garrafa de água para mim, se faz favor.

Here’s a little question you can use:

Quanto é? It means “How much is it?” You pronounce it “kwan-tooh ay”

How much is it? You can use “Quanto é?” by itself to simply mean “How much is it?” However, you can also put it in front of things to mean “How much is…?”

Quanto é o frango? How much is the chicken?

Quanto é uma garrafa? How much is a bottle?

So, just to reiterate:

Quanto é…? It means “How much is…?” You pronounce it “kwan-tooh ay”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is the chicken?

How much is the chicken? Quanto é o frango?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is the pizza?

How much is the pizza? Quanto é a pizza?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is the wine here?

How much is the wine here? Quanto é o vinho aqui?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is that?

How much is that? Quanto é isso?

Here’s a useful phrase:

com licença It means “excuse me” You pronounce it “kon(g) lee-sen-sah” I’ve put a letter ‘g’ in brackets in this pronunciation. That’s because, with the word “com”, you pronounce it like the English word “kong” if you didn’t pronounce the “g” on the end; it creates what’s called a nasal sound. Try it, can you see how your throat almost closes at the end?

licença The little squiggle underneath the letter ç is called a cedilla and all it does is tell you to pronounce the c like the letter s. That’s why licença is pronounced like lee-sen-sah. Actually, whilst we’re on the topic of the letter c, there are a few more interesting things to say. The letter C can be pronounced in two ways in Portuguese, like a K or like an S. The way you pronounce it depends on what letter comes after it. Turn the page and I’ll explain.

C+E/I=S If you see the letter C in front of an E or an I, then you pronounce it like an S For example: cenoura – carrot (pronounced “ser-noo-rah”) cinema – cinema (pronounced “see-nay-mah”)

C+A/O/U=K If you see the letter C in front of an A, O or a U, then you pronounce it like aK For example: café – coffee (pronounced “kah-fay”) com – with (pronounced “kon(g)”) fantástico – fantastic (pronounced “fan-tass-tee-koo”)

Ç If you see the letter Ç with the cedilla, you always pronounce it like an S For example: licença –(pronounced “lee-sen-sah”) coração – heart (pronounced “koh-rah-saow”)

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Excuse me, how much is the wine?

Excuse me, how much is the wine? Com licença, quanto é o vinho?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please. Com licença, quero a conta, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of water?

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of water? Com licença, quanto é uma garrafa de água?

WORD LIST SO FAR a conta – the bill uma garrafa de – a bottle of uma garrafa de vinho – a bottle of wine dois / duas – two (masculine / feminine) o vinho – the wine uma garrafa de água – a bottle of water a água – the water quanto é? – how much is it? quanto é…? – how much is …? com licença – excuse me

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in Portuguese now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations. If you grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

2.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please

3.

How much is a bottle of water?

4.

I would like a bottle of wine, please

5.

How much is it?

6.

The bill is for him

7.

I would like two bottles of water, please

8.

How much is a table for three people?

9.

I would like my bill, please

10. How much is the chicken here?

1.

Quero duas garrafas de vinho, se faz favor

2.

Com licença, quero a conta, se faz favor

3.

Quánto é uma garrafa de água?

4.

Quero uma garrafa de vinho, se faz favor

5.

Quanto é?

6.

A conta é para ele

7.

Quero duas garrafas de água, se faz favor

8.

Quanto é uma mesa para três pessoas?

9.

Quero a minha conta, se faz favor

10. Quanto é o frango aqui?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quero a minha conta, se faz favor 2. A conta é para mim 3. Com licença, quanto é uma garrafa de vinho aqui? 4. A conta, se faz favor 5. Quanto é uma mesa para três pessoas? 6. Quanto é a minha conta? 7. Quanto é uma mesa para dez pessoas? 8. Quanto é a conta? 9. Quero a conta, se faz favor 10. A minha conta, se faz favor

1. I would like my bill, please 2. The bill is for me 3. Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here? 4. The bill, please 5. How much is a table for three people? 6. How much is my bill? 7. How much is a table for ten people? 8. How much is the bill? 9. I would like the bill, please 10. My bill, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant is fantastic

2.

Yes, it’s very good

3.

No, that isn’t for her

4.

It isn’t very good for her

5.

It’s for him

6.

It’s for me

7.

I would like a reservation for two people, please

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

10. My hotel is perfect

1.

O restaurante é fantástico

2.

Sim, é muito bom

3.

Não, isso não é para ela

4.

Não é muito bom para ela

5.

É para ele

6.

É para mim

7.

Quero uma reserva para duas pessoas, se faz favor

8.

É absolutamente delicioso

9.

Para mim, o restaurante é fantástico

10. O meu hotel é perfeito

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Sim, para mim, é fantástico aqui 2. É sempre fantástico aqui 3. Isso é para mim 4. É absolutamente extraordinário aqui 5. O meu frango é terrívil 6. É fantástico 7. Para mim, o restaurante é muito bom 8. Não para mim, obrigado 9. Não é muito bom para ela 10. É muito lindo aqui

1. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 2. It’s always fantastic here 3. That is for me 4. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 5. My chicken is terrible 6. It’s fantastic 7. I think the restaurant is very good 8. Not for me, thank you 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. It’s very beautiful here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese?

1. nice 2. the restaurant 3. it is 4. yes 5. also 6. isn't 7. that is… 8. the water 9. the food 10. how much is…? 11. very 12. for him 13. thank you 14. two 15. a table 16. I would like 17. my 18. a cake 19. for me 20. aren't 21. the chicken 22. a reservation 23. always 24. the wine 25. a bottle of wine 26. that 27. the (plural)

28. perfect 29. beautiful 30. a bottle of water 31. the bill 32. excuse me 33. a tea 34. the hotel 35. are 36. extraordinary 37. a carrot 38. for her 39. a coffee 40. is 41. delicious 42. terrible 43. everybody 44. fantastic 45. a 46. two people 47. the pizza 48. my (plural) 49. but 50. please 51. how much is it? 52. absolutely 53. good 54. a bottle of 55. everything 56. here 57. I think 58. and 59. no

60. it isn't

1. simpático 2. o restaurante 3. é 4. sim 5. também 6. não é 7. isso é… 8. a água 9. a comida 10. quanto é…? 11. muito 12. para ele 13. obrigado 14. dois / duas 15. uma mesa 16. quero 17. o meu / a minha 18. um bolo 19. para mim 20. não são 21. o frango 22. uma reserva 23. sempre 24. o vinho 25. uma garrafa de vinho 26. isso 27. os / as 28. perfeito 29. lindo 30. uma garrafa de água 31. a conta

32. com licença 33. um chá 34. o hotel 35. são 36. extraordinário 37. uma cenoura 38. para ela 39. um café 40. é 41. delicioso 42. terrível 43. todo o mundo 44. fantástico 45. um / uma 46. duas pessoas 47. a pizza 48. os meus / as minhas 49. mas 50. se faz favor 51. quanto é? 52. absolutamente 53. bom 54. uma garrafa de 55. tudo 56. aqui 57. para mim 58. e 59. não 60. não é

LESSON 11 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? a bottle how much is it? how much is…? excuse me the water the bill a bottle of wine a bottle of water the wine If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in Portuguese for this lesson, It’s a verb:

provar It means “(to) try” You pronounce it “proh-vahr”

provar = (to) try I’ve put the “to” in brackets in “to try”. This is because, in English, sometimes the verb is “to try” and other times we simply say “try”. For example, look at the two sentences in English below:

I would like to try the wine. Can I try the wine? The first sentence uses “to try” and the second uses just “try”. This is an English thing that doesn’t change anything in Portuguese; in Portuguese, you always use “provar” whether it’s “to try” or just “try” in English.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to try the wine.

I would like to try the wine. Quero provar o vinho.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to try the cheese.

I would like to try the cheese. Quero provar o queijo.

Here’s your next phrase in Portuguese:

posso It means “can I” You pronounce it “poh-sooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I try the wine?

Can I try the wine? Posso provar o vinho?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I try the cheese?

Can I try the cheese? Posso provar o queijo?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to try that, please.

I would like to try that, please. Quero provar isso, se faz favor.

This phrase also has a second meaning in Portuguese:

posso It can also mean “may I” You pronounce it “poh-sooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

May I try that?

May I try that? Posso provar isso?

Here’s another verb for you to use in Portuguese:

pagar It means “(to) pay” You pronounce it “pah-gahr”

pagar In Portuguese, you don’t pay FOR something; you simply pay. What I mean is that you don’t have to use the word “para” with “pagar” like we do in English. Look at the example below:

quero pagar o vinho I would like to pay for the wine In Portuguese, the sentence above literally means “I would like to pay the wine”.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I pay for the coffees?

Can I pay for the coffees? Posso pagar os cafés?

WORD LIST SO FAR provar – (to) try posso – can I? / may I? pagar – (to) pay / (to) pay for

How would you say this in Portuguese?

May I pay for the wine?

May I pay for the wine? Posso pagar o vinho?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to pay the bill.

I would like to pay the bill. Quero pagar a conta.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to pay my bill.

I would like to pay my bill. Quero pagar a minha conta.

I’ll give you a final verb for this lesson:

fazer It means “(to) make” You pronounce it “fah-zeer”

What is a verb? All these words that I’ve been giving to you this lesson with the “(to)” in front of them are called verbs. They are sometimes called action words: to try, to pay, to make. In English, you often see them with a “to” in front of them. So far, we’ve had:

provar (to) try

pagar (to) pay

fazer (to) make

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I make a reservation?

Can I make a reservation? Posso fazer uma reserva?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to make a reservation.

I would like to make a reservation. Quero fazer uma reserva.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

May I make a reservation for three people, please?

May I make a reservation for three people, please? Posso fazer uma reserva para três pessoas, se faz favor?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to make a reservation for eight people.

I would like to make a reservation for eight people. Quero fazer uma reserva para oito pessoas.

WORD LIST SO FAR provar – (to) try posso – can I? / may I? pagar – (to) pay / (to) pay for fazer – (to) make

Now we’ve added a few verbs to our collection of Portuguese vocabulary, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. If you grab a piece of paper, see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to try that, please

2.

Can I try the wine?

3.

Can I make a reservation?

4.

I would like to make a reservation

5.

Can I make a reservation for three people, please?

6.

Can I pay for the coffee?

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

May I try the chicken, please?

9.

Can I pay here?

10. Can I pay the bill, please?

1.

Quero provar isso, se faz favor

2.

Posso provar o vinho?

3.

Posso fazer uma reserva?

4.

Quero fazer uma reserva

5.

Posso fazer uma reserva para três pessoas, se faz favor?

6.

Posso pagar o café?

7.

Posso provar o queijo, se faz favor?

8.

Posso provar o frango, se faz favor?

9.

Posso pagar aqui?

10. Posso pagar a conta, se faz favor?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Posso provar isso, se faz favor? 2. Quero pagar a conta, se faz favor 3. Posso fazer uma reserva para três pessoas, se faz favor? 4. Posso provar a pizza, se faz favor? 5. Posso pagar o vinho? 6. Posso pagar o café? 7. Quero pagar o vino, se faz favor 8. Posso provar o vinho? 9. Quero provar o queijo 10. Posso pagar a conta, se faz favor?

1. Can I try that, please? 2. I would like to pay the bill, please 3. Can I make a reservation for three people, please? 4. Can I try the pizza, please? 5. Can I pay for the wine? 6. Can I pay for the coffee? 7. I would like to pay for the wine, please 8. Can I try the wine? 9. I would like to try the cheese 10. Can I pay the bill, please?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

2.

I think it’s delicious

3.

Everything is perfect

4.

Hello, I would like a table for three people, please

5.

The chicken is delicious

6.

It’s always very good here

7.

It isn’t fantastic

8.

A table for five, please

9.

My pizza is fantastic

10. That isn’t good for him

1.

Para mim, o restaurante é fantástico

2.

Para mim, é delicioso

3.

Tudo é perfeito

4.

Olá, quero uma mesa para três pessoas, se faz favor

5.

O frango é delicioso

6.

É sempre muito bom aqui

7.

Não é fantástico

8.

Uma mesa para cinco, se faz favor

9.

A minha pizza é fantástica

10. Isso não é bom para ele

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Não é para ele; é para ela 2. Com licença, quero um café, se faz favor 3. É muito lindo aqui 4. O meu hotel é muito bom 5. O restaurante aqui é fantástico 6. É sempre muito bom 7. As minhas cenouras são perfeitos 8. Quero uma reserva, se faz favor 9. Tchau e até logo 10. É sempre fantástico aqui

1. It isn’t for him; it’s for her 2. Excuse me, I would like a coffee, please 3. It’s very beautiful here 4. My hotel is very good 5. The restaurant here is fantastic 6. It’s always very good 7. My carrots are perfect 8. I would like a reservation, please 9. Goodbye and see you later 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. is 2. the (plural) 3. a 4. two people 5. it is 6. please 7. are 8. a bottle of wine 9. a cake 10. good 11. the restaurant 12. nice 13. delicious 14. that 15. the pizza 16. for him 17. I would like 18. a bottle of water 19. it isn't 20. absolutely 21. extraordinary 22. yes 23. two 24. the water 25. a carrot 26. but 27. everything 28. the wine 29. fantastic 30. very 31. I think 32. isn't

33. the hotel 34. my (plural) 35. everybody 36. always 37. can I / may I? 38. a coffee 39. aren't 40. (to) pay (for) 41. terrible 42. beautiful 43. the bill 44. my 45. and 46. the food 47. (to) make 48. here 49. a reservation 50. how much is it? 51. no 52. also 53. perfect 54. the chicken 55. how much is…? 56. a bottle of 57. excuse me 58. a table 59. for her 60. thank you 61. (to) try 62. for me 63. that is… 64. a tea

1. é 2. os / as 3. um / uma 4. duas pessoas 5. é 6. se faz favor 7. são 8. uma garrafa de vinho 9. um bolo 10. bom 11. o restaurante 12. simpático 13. delicioso 14. isso 15. a pizza 16. para ele 17. quero 18. uma garrafa de água 19. não é 20. absolutamente 21. extraordinário 22. sim 23. dois / duas 24. a água 25. uma cenoura 26. mas 27. tudo 28. o vinho 29. fantástico 30. muito 31. para mim 32. não é 33. o hotel 34. os meus / as minhas 35. todo o mundo 36. sempre

37. posso? 38. um café 39. não são 40. pagar 41. terrível 42. lindo 43. a conta 44. o meu / a minha 45. e 46. a comida 47. fazer 48. aqui 49. uma reserva 50. quanto é? 51. não 52. também 53. perfeito 54. o frango 55. quanto é…? 56. uma garrafa de 57. com licença 58. uma mesa 59. para ela 60. obrigado 61. provar 62. para mim 63. isso é… 64. um chá

LESSON 12 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last book. How do you say the following in Portuguese? (to) pay (to) make (to) try can I? / may I? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last book and have a quick review of them before you start this book. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s add another verb to your ever-growing collection:

alugar It means “(to) hire” or “(to) rent” You pronounce it “ah-looh-gahr”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it to hire that?

How much is it to hire that? Quanto é alugar isso?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to hire that.

I would like to hire that. Quero alugar isso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I hire that?

Can I hire that? Posso alugar isso?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I hire that for two people, please?

Can I hire that for two people, please? Posso alugar isso para duas pessoas, se faz favor?

Let me give you something that you can hire:

um carro It means “a car” You pronounce it “oom kah-rooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to hire a car.

I would like to hire a car. Quero alugar um carro.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I hire a car?

Can I hire a car? Posso alugar um carro?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a car for five people.

I would like a car for five people. Quero um carro para cinco pessoas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The car is perfect.

The car is perfect. O carro é perfeito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think the car is very good.

I think the car is very good. Para mim, o carro é muito bom.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The car is perfect for five people.

The car is perfect for five people. O carro é perfeito para cinco pessoas.

Here’s a common yet useful word in Portuguese:

uma semana It means “one week” or “a week” You pronounce it “oomah seh-mah-nah”

Here’s another phrase that’s used with “uma semana”:

por uma semana It means “for one week” or “for a week” You pronounce it “pour oomah seh-mah-nah”

Portuguese “for” We’ve already seen that the Portuguese word for “for” is “para”. However, when you want to use “for” in front of a length of time, you can use a different word for “for” = “por”. So, “for a week” is “por uma semana”.

quero o carro para uma semana I want the car for one week So, most of the time, you can use “para” to mean “for”. However, when you’re saying how long something is lasting “for”, you use the different word “por”, instead.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I hire a car for one week?

Can I hire a car for one week? Posso alugar um carro por uma semana?

WORD LIST SO FAR alugar – to hire um carro – a car uma semana – a week / one week por uma semana – for one week

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a car for one week.

I would like a car for one week. Quero um carro por uma semana.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it for one week?

How much is it for one week? Quanto é por uma semana?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for one week.

It’s for one week. É por uma semana.

I’m sure you’ll be able to guess what this means:

duas semanas It means “two weeks” You pronounce it “doo-ass seh-mah-nash”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I hire a car for two weeks?

Can I hire a car for two weeks? Posso alugar um carro por duas semanas?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it for two weeks?

How much is it for two weeks? Quanto é por duas semanas?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please.

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please. Quero alugar isso por duas semanas, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for two weeks.

It’s for two weeks. É por duas semanas.

This word is a little shorter than a week:

um dia It means “a day” or “one day” You pronounce it “oom dee-ah” The word “um dia” is a masculine word even though it ends in the letter ‘a’; it’s one of the exceptions to the rule.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I’d like a car for one day, please.

WORD LIST SO FAR alugar – to hire / to rent um carro – a car uma semana – a week / one week duas semanas – two weeks por uma semana – for one week um dia – a day / one day por um dia – for one day

I’d like a car for one day, please. Quero um carro por um dia, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it for one day?

How much is it for one day? Quanto é por um dia?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for one day.

It’s for one day. É por um dia.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I hire that for one day?

Can I hire that for one day? Posso alugar isso por um dia?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like the car for one day, please.

I would like the car for one day, please. Quero o carro por um dia, se faz favor.

You can probably guess what this means:

dois dias It means “two days” You pronounce it “doysh dee-ash”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to hire a car for two days.

I would like to hire a car for two days. Quero alugar um carro por dois dias.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for two days.

It’s for two days. É por dois dias.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it for two days?

How much is it for two days? Quanto é por dois dias?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like the car for two days.

I would like the car for two days. Quero o carro por dois dias.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I hire that for two days?

Can I hire that for two days? Posso alugar isso por dois dias?

This word is a little longer than a week:

um mês It means “a month” or “one month” You pronounce it “oom mesh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s for one month.

It’s for one month. É por um mês.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it for one month?

How much is it for one month? Quanto é por um mês?

The word “mês” ends in the letter S, so to make it plural, you have to add to add an ES:

dois meses It means “two months” You pronounce it “doysh mez-esh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to hire the car for two months, please.

I would like to hire the car for two months, please. Quero alugar o carro por dois meses, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it for two months?

How much is it for two months? Quanto é por dois meses?

WORD LIST SO FAR alugar – to hire / to rent um carro – a car uma semana – one week duas semanas – two weeks por uma semana – for one week um dia – one day dois dias – two days por um dia – for one day um mês – one month dois meses – two months por um mês – for one month

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to hire a car. How much is it?

2.

How much is it for eight days?

3.

My car is terrible

4.

How much is it for two weeks?

5.

Can I hire a car for three weeks, please?

6.

Can I hire a car for three days, please?

7.

I would like to hire a car for one week. How much is it?

8.

I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much is it?

9.

How much is it for nine days?

10. I would like to hire two cars

1.

Quero alugar um carro. Quanto é?

2.

Quanto é por oito dias?

3.

O meu carro é terrível

4.

Quanto é por duas semanas?

5.

Posso alugar um carro por três semanas, se faz favor?

6.

Posso alugar um carro por três días, se faz favor?

7.

Quero alugar um carro por uma semana. Quanto é?

8.

Quero alugar um carro por duas semanas. Quanto é?

9.

Quanto é por nove dias?

10. Quero alugar dois carros

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quanto é por seis dias? 2. Quanto é por cinco dias? 3. Posso alugar um carro aqui? 4. Quero alugar dois carros 5. Quero alugar um carro 6. Quero alugar um carro por três días, se faz favor 7. O carro é perfeito 8. O meu carro é terrível 9. Quanto é por duas semanas? 10. Quanto é por três dias?

1. How much is it for six days? 2. How much is it for five days? 3. Can I hire a car here? 4. I would like to hire two cars 5. I would like to hire a car 6. I would like to hire a car for three days, please 7. The car is perfect 8. My car is terrible 9. How much is it for two weeks? 10. How much is it for three days?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant here is fantastic

2.

The pizza is always terrible here

3.

I think it’s very good here

4.

Everybody is nice here

5.

That isn’t very good

6.

Everything is perfect

7.

Good evening

8.

Good day

9.

I would like to make a reservation

10. How much is my bill?

1.

O restaurante aqui é fantástico

2.

A pizza é sempre terrível aqui

3.

Para mim, é muito bom aqui

4.

Todo o mundo é simpático aqui

5.

Isso não é muito bom

6.

Tudo é perfeito

7.

Boa tarde

8.

Bom dia

9.

Quero fazer uma reserva

10. Quanto é a minha conta?

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Olá, quero uma mesa para três pessoas, se faz favor 2. O hotel é muito bom 3. Não é bom aqui 4. Todo o mundo aqui é muito simpático 5. A pizza é perfeita 6. Quero uma garrafa de água, se faz favor 7. Quero a minha conta, se faz favor 8. O frango é sempre fantástico aqui 9. É para ela 10. O restaurante é muito bom

1. Hello, I’d like a table for three people, please 2. The hotel is very good 3. It isn’t good here 4. Everybody here is very nice 5. The pizza is perfect 6. I would like a bottle of water, please 7. I would like my bill, please 8. The chicken is always fantastic here 9. It’s for her 10. The restaurant is very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. a table 2. (for) one week 3. (for) one month 4. delicious 5. can I / may I? 6. a coffee 7. the bill 8. that 9. a carrot 10. the (plural) 11. it is 12. (to) hire / (to) rent 13. everything 14. the water 15. also 16. the food 17. a tea 18. for her 19. nice 20. (to) try 21. how much is it? 22. I would like 23. two people 24. beautiful 25. my 26. perfect 27. terrible 28. yes 29. no 30. (for) two days 31. isn't

32. (for) one day 33. the pizza 34. (for) two weeks 35. and 36. how much is…? 37. for me 38. is 39. extraordinary 40. (for) two months 41. very 42. please 43. excuse me 44. I think 45. a bottle of wine 46. a cake 47. the chicken 48. a bottle of 49. the wine 50. (to) pay (for) 51. fantastic 52. the restaurant 53. my (plural) 54. always 55. for him 56. aren't 57. a car 58. good 59. that is… 60. but 61. here 62. thank you 63. it isn't 64. everybody 65. (to) make 66. are 67. the hotel

68. absolutely 69. a 70. a reservation 71. two 72. a bottle of water

1. uma mesa 2. (por) uma semana 3. (por) um mês 4. delicioso 5. posso? 6. um café 7. a conta 8. isso 9. uma cenoura 10. os / as 11. é 12. alugar 13. tudo 14. a água 15. também 16. a comida 17. um chá 18. para ela 19. simpático 20. provar 21. quanto é? 22. quero 23. duas pessoas 24. lindo 25. o meu / a minha 26. perfeito 27. terrível 28. sim 29. não 30. (por) dois dias 31. não é 32. (por) um dia 33. a pizza 34. (por) duas semanas 35. e 36. quanto é…?

37. para mim 38. é 39. extraordinário 40. (por) dois meses 41. muito 42. se faz favor 43. com licença 44. para mim 45. uma garrafa de vinho 46. um bolo 47. o frango 48. uma garrafa de 49. o vinho 50. pagar 51. fantástico 52. o restaurante 53. os meus / as minhas 54. sempre 55. para ele 56. não são 57. um carro 58. bom 59. isso é… 60. mas 61. aqui 62. obrigado 63. não é 64. todo o mundo 65. fazer 66. são 67. o hotel 68. absolutamente 69. um / uma 70. uma reserva 71. dois / duas 72. uma garrafa de água

Obrigado Before you go, I’d like to say “obrigado” for buying this book. There are lots of Portuguese books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons ten to twelve of my “3 Minute Portuguese” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirteen to fifteen, and further books after that to continue building your Portuguese language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, obrigado e até logo!

3 MINUTE PORTUGUESE LESSONS 13 – 15 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hello and welcome to “3 Minute Portuguese”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Portuguese. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Portuguese: Lessons 10-12”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Portuguese now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Portuguese language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 260 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Portuguese, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 13 LESSON 14 LESSON 15 Obrigado

LESSON 13 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? two weeks one day (to) hire / (to) rent two days a car two months one week one month If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This word is the same as the English but it’s just pronounced a little differently:

euros It means “euros” You pronounce it “ay-or-rosh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s ten euros.

It’s ten euros. É dez euros.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The bill is fifty euros.

The bill is fifty euros. A conta é cinqüenta euros.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s one euro.

It’s one euro. É um euro.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The wine is ten euros.

The wine is ten euros. O vinho é dez euros.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s five euros for one day.

It’s five euros for one day. É cinco euros por um dia.

This word goes nicely with “euros”:

cêntimos It means “cents” You pronounce it “sen-tee-moosh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s fifty cents.

It’s fifty cents. É cinqüenta cêntimos.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The bottle of water is sixty cents.

The bottle of water is sixty cents. A garrafa de água é sesenta cêntimos.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water.

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water. É cinqüenta céntimos por uma garrafa de água.

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

por It means “per” You pronounce it “poor”

por You can use “por” to mean “for” or “per” with any of the time phrases we’ve learnt so far:

por dia per day

por um dia for one day

por dois dias for two days

por semana per week

por uma semana for one week

por duas semanas for two weeks

por mês per month

por um mês for one month

por dois meses for two months

por pessoa per person How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it per day?

How much is it per day? Quanto é por dia?

WORD LIST SO FAR euros – euros cêntimos – cents por – per

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. É dez euros por semana.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s fifty euros per person.

It’s fifty euros per person. É cinqüenta euros por pessoa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is the car per week?

How much is the car per week? Quanto é o carro por semana?

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

um ano It means “one year” or “a year” You pronounce it “oom ah-nooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s ten euros per year.

It’s ten euros per year. É dez euros por ano.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it per year?

How much is it per year? Quanto é por ano?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is it for two years?

How much is it for two years? Quanto é por dois anos?

Portuguese money The way the Portuguese talk about how much something is, is very similar to how we do it in English. Usually, in English, we only say the word euro, for example: “it’s two euros fifty” and we don’t bother saying “cents”. Well, this is the same in Portuguese: é dois euros cinqüenta On the other hand, you would use the word for “cents” (cêntimos) if there were no euros involved, for example, “it’s twenty cents” - “é vinte cêntimos” However, this isn't set in stone and it just depends on who is speaking. One person might choose to say “three euros twenty”, another might say “three euros twenty cents” or another might just say “three twenty”. It’s exactly the same in Portuguese. Additionally, the way that money is written varies from place to place. These are the following ways that I've seen money written on price labels:

€3,50 3,50€ 3€50 One thing that is the same wherever you go, is that the Portuguese use a comma instead of a decimal point and a decimal point instead of a comma! So, that's why there is a comma in the prices above. And, “three thousand euros” would be written as €3.000 with a decimal point!

Anyway, how would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s three euros fifty.

It’s three euros fifty. É três euros cinqüenta.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. É dez euros por semana.

WORD LIST SO FAR euros – euros cêntimos – cents por – per por dia – per day por semana – per week por mês – per month por pessoa – per person um ano – one year dois anos – two years por ano – per year

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s sixty euros

2.

It’s eighty one euros

3.

It’s fifty cents

4.

It’s twenty euros for two days

5.

It’s fifty-three euros

6.

It’s eighty-three euros

7.

It’s ten euros per bottle

8.

It’s fifty-two euros

9.

It’s eighty euros

10. It’s thirty euros per month

1.

É sessenta euros

2.

É oitenta e um euros

3.

É cinqüenta euros

4.

É vinte euros por dois dias

5.

É cinqüenta e três euros

6.

É oitenta e três euros

7.

É dez euros por garrafa

8.

É cinqüenta e dois euros

9.

É oitenta euros

10. É trinta euros por mês

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. É vinte e um euros 2. É cinqüenta e um euros 3. É cinqüenta euros 4. É setenta euros 5. É cinqüenta e três euros 6. É trinta euros por mês 7. É vinte e dois euros 8. É oitenta e dois euros 9. É oitenta e um euros 10. É sessenta euros

1. It’s twenty-one euros 2. It’s fifty-one euros 3. It’s fifty euros 4. It’s seventy cents 5. It’s fifty-three euros 6. It’s thirty euros per month 7. It’s twenty-two euros 8. It’s eighty-two euros 9. It’s eighty one euros 10. It’s sixty euros

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The food here is very good

2.

The cakes are very good

3.

The chicken and the pizza are delicious

4.

The pizza is delicious

5.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

6.

That is perfect

7.

May I try the wine?

8.

I think everybody is very nice

9.

Also, I would like a coffee, please

10. Yes, it’s for me

1.

A comida aqui é muito boa

2.

Os bolos são muito bons

3.

O frango e a pizza são deliciosos

4.

A pizza é deliciosa

5.

Para mim, o restaurante é fantástico

6.

Isso é perfeito

7.

Posso provar o vinho?

8.

Para mim, todo o mundo é muito simpático

9.

Também, quero um café, se faz favor

10. Sim, é para mim

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Quero uma garrafa de água, se faz favor 2. O hotel é terrível 3. Sim, é para mim 4. Posso alugar um carro por duas semanas, se faz favor? 5. Quero alugar um carro por duas semanas. Quanto é? 6. Uma garrafa de vinho para ela e a conta para mim 7. Sim, isso é muito bom mas não é perfeito 8. Não é muito bom 9. Quanto é o frango? 10. A pizza é perfeita e, também, o meu café é delicioso

1. I would like a bottle of water, please 2. The hotel is terrible 3. Yes, it’s for me 4. Can I hire a car for two weeks, please? 5. I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much is it? 6. A bottle of wine for her and the bill for me 7. Yes, that is very good but it isn’t perfect 8. It isn’t very good 9. How much is the chicken? 10. The pizza is perfect and, also, my coffee is delicious

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. my 2. very 3. but 4. two years 5. (for) two days 6. a bottle of water 7. terrible 8. beautiful 9. (to) pay (for) 10. nice 11. everything 12. the chicken 13. (to) make 14. two 15. I think 16. euros 17. absolutely 18. per day 19. (for) one day 20. please 21. the bill 22. per week 23. (to) try 24. can I / may I? 25. the (plural) 26. a table 27. I would like 28. a bottle of wine 29. here 30. (for) two weeks 31. the restaurant

32. isn't 33. a year 34. the food 35. two people 36. a carrot 37. are 38. per 39. a car 40. (for) one week 41. for her 42. always 43. the pizza 44. the wine 45. how much is it? 46. cents 47. delicious 48. a 49. is 50. per person 51. a bottle of 52. a cake 53. fantastic 54. thank you 55. a coffee 56. a reservation 57. (to) hire / (to) rent 58. and 59. the water 60. aren't 61. it is 62. a tea 63. that is… 64. per year 65. it isn't 66. (for) one month 67. my (plural)

68. no 69. perfect 70. per month 71. how much is…? 72. for me 73. also 74. excuse me 75. that 76. good 77. the hotel 78. extraordinary 79. yes 80. for him 81. (for) two months 82. everybody

1. o meu / a minha 2. muito 3. mas 4. dois anos 5. (por) dois dias 6. uma garrafa de água 7. terrível 8. lindo 9. pagar 10. simpático 11. tudo 12. o frango 13. fazer 14. dois / duas 15. para mim 16. euros 17. absolutamente 18. por dia 19. (por) um dia 20. se faz favor 21. a conta 22. por semana 23. provar 24. posso? 25. os / as 26. uma mesa 27. quero 28. uma garrafa de vinho 29. aqui 30. (por) duas semanas 31. o restaurante 32. não é 33. um ano 34. a comida 35. duas pessoas

36. uma cenoura 37. são 38. por 39. um carro 40. (por) uma semana 41. para ela 42. sempre 43. a pizza 44. o vinho 45. quanto é? 46. cêntimos 47. delicioso 48. um / uma 49. é 50. por pessoa 51. uma garrafa de 52. um bolo 53. fantástico 54. obrigado 55. um café 56. uma reserva 57. alugar 58. e 59. a água 60. não são 61. é 62. um chá 63. isso é… 64. por ano 65. não é 66. (por) um mês 67. os meus / as minhas 68. não 69. perfeito 70. por mês 71. quanto é…?

72. para mim 73. também 74. com licença 75. isso 76. bom 77. o hotel 78. extraordinário 79. sim 80. para ele 81. (por) dois meses 82. todo o mundo

LESSON 14 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? euros cents per per day per week per month per person a year two years per years If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful question phrase:

a que horas It means “(at) what time” We don’t always say “at” in English in the phrase “at what time”; sometimes we just say “what time”. However, in Portuguese, you always have to say “a que horas” You pronounce it “ah ker or-ash”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

At what time is the reservation?

At what time is the reservation? A que horas é a reserva?

Here’s the most important meal of the day:

o pequeno-almoço It means “the breakfast” You pronounce it “ooh per-keh-noo al-moh-sooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The breakfast here is fantastic.

The breakfast here is fantastic. O pequeno-almoço aqui é fantástico.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? A que horas é o pequeno-almoço? Did you get this translation correct ? Or did you miss out the word “o”? In English, the sentence is “At what time is breakfast?” but, in Portuguese, you must always say “the breakfast”. This means, you should really say “At what time is the breakfast?”. That’s why it’s “o pequeno-almoço” and not just “pequeno-almoço”.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? A que horas é o pequeno-almoço?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think the breakfast is perfect.

I think the breakfast is perfect. Para mim, o pequeno-almoço é perfeito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious.

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious. O pequeno-almoço aqui é sempre absolutamente delicioso.

WORD LIST SO FAR a que horas – (at) what time o pequeno-almoço – the breakfast

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The breakfast is very good here.

The breakfast is very good here. O pequeno-almoço é muito bom aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like breakfast here.

I would like breakfast here. Quero o pequeno-almoço aqui.

The next meal is:

o almoço It means “the lunch” You pronounce it “ooh al-moh-sooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time is lunch?

What time is lunch? A que horas é o almoço?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I pay for lunch?

Can I pay for lunch? Posso pagar o almoço?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The lunch is terrible here.

The lunch is terrible here. O almoço é terrível aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I make a reservation for lunch?

Can I make a reservation for lunch? Posso fazer uma reserva para o almoço?

The final meal of the day, and often the biggest, is:

o jantar It means “the dinner” You pronounce it “ooh shan-tahr”

So, how would you say this in Portuguese?

What time is dinner?

WORD LIST SO FAR a que horas – (at) what time o pequeno-almoço – the breakfast o almoço – the lunch o jantar – the dinner

What time is dinner? A que horas é o jantar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I pay for dinner?

Can I pay for dinner? Posso pagar o jantar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Dinner is delicious.

Dinner is delicious. O jantar é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The dinner here is always fantastic.

The dinner here is always fantastic. O jantar aqui é sempre delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is the dinner here?

How much is the dinner here? Quanto é o jantar aqui?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I think the dinner is terrible.

I think the dinner is terrible. Para mim, o jantar é terrível.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The breakfast isn’t bad but the dinner is delicious

2.

My lunch is absolutely perfect

3.

The dinner here is terrible

4.

My breakfast is very good

5.

For breakfast, I’d like an orange juice

6.

For lunch, I’d like a pizza

7.

What time is dinner?

8.

The dinner is perfect

9.

My breakfast is fantastic

10. The dinner is always delicious here

1.

O pequeno-almoço não é mau mas o jantar é delicioso

2.

O meu almoço é absolutamente perfeito

3.

O jantar aqui é terrível

4.

O meu pequeno-almoço é muito bom

5.

Para o pequeno-almoço, quero um suco de laranja

6.

Para o almoço, quero uma pizza

7.

A que horas é o jantar?

8.

O jantar é perfeito

9.

O meu pequeno-almoço é fantástico

10. O jantar é sempre delicioso aqui

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. O pequeno-almoço não é mau mas o almoço é delicioso 2. O meu almoço é delicioso 3. O meu jantar é delicioso 4. Para o almoço, quero uma maçã 5. O meu pequeno-almoço terrível 6. O jantar aqui é delicioso 7. O pequeno-almoço aqui é absolutamente fantástico 8. Quanto é o almoço? 9. O meu almoço é absolutamente perfeito 10. O meu almoço não é bom

1. The breakfast isn’t bad but the lunch is delicious 2. My lunch is delicious 3. My dinner is delicious 4. For breakfast, I would like an apple 5. My breakfast is terrible 6. The dinner here is delicious 7. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 8. How much is lunch? 9. My lunch is absolutely perfect 10. My lunch is not good

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a table for four, please

2.

How much is it for six days?

3.

It’s thirty euros per month

4.

It’s eighty euros

5.

How much is it for four days?

6.

I think it’s fantastic

7.

It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary

8.

Everything is good here

9.

How much is it for two days?

10. Excuse me, the bill, please

1.

Quero uma mesa para quatro, se faz favor

2.

Quanto é por seis dias?

3.

É trinta euros por mês

4.

É oitenta euros

5.

Quanto é por quatro dias?

6.

Para mim, é fantástico

7.

Não é bom; é absolutamente extraordinário

8.

Tudo é bom aqui

9.

Quanto é por dois dias?

10. Com licença, a conta, se faz favor

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Não é para ela; é para mim 2. Quero uma mesa para três pessoas, se faz favor 3. Sim, é para mim, obrigado 4. Não é fantástico mas é muito bom 5. Um café para mim 6. A minha pizza é perfeita 7. Quero provar o vino, se faz favor 8. É oitocentos euros 9. Isso é a minha pizza 10. Posso provar o frango, se faz favor?

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 2. I’d like a table for three people, please 3. Yes, it’s for me, thank you 4. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 5. A coffee for me 6. My pizza is perfect 7. I’d like to try the wine, please 8. It’s eight hundred euros 9. That’s my pizza 10. Can I try the chicken, please?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. are 2. I think 3. the (plural) 4. beautiful 5. very 6. per 7. the wine 8. absolutely 9. and 10. everything 11. (for) two weeks 12. (at) what time 13. isn't 14. a bottle of water 15. aren't 16. (for) one month 17. for him 18. a bottle of 19. the pizza 20. is 21. for her 22. per month 23. the water 24. a year 25. a table 26. euros 27. but 28. that 29. everybody 30. cents 31. two people

32. the bill 33. always 34. (for) one day 35. (for) one week 36. a 37. a coffee 38. fantastic 39. a cake 40. per person 41. per year 42. per day 43. two years 44. for me 45. the chicken 46. the restaurant 47. delicious 48. the dinner 49. thank you 50. two 51. a tea 52. how much is…? 53. the hotel 54. good 55. it is 56. a reservation 57. extraordinary 58. a carrot 59. how much is it? 60. also 61. perfect 62. (to) hire / (to) rent 63. nice 64. (to) pay (for) 65. a bottle of wine 66. the food 67. I would like

68. terrible 69. my 70. per week 71. (for) two months 72. a car 73. my (plural) 74. can I / may I? 75. (to) make 76. (to) try 77. here 78. yes 79. (for) two days 80. that is… 81. please 82. no 83. the lunch 84. excuse me 85. the breakfast 86. it isn't

1. são 2. para mim 3. os / as 4. lindo 5. muito 6. por 7. o vinho 8. absolutamente 9. e 10. tudo 11. (por) duas semanas 12. a que horas 13. não é 14. uma garrafa de água 15. não são 16. (por) um mês 17. para ele 18. uma garrafa de 19. a pizza 20. é 21. para ela 22. por mês 23. a água 24. um ano 25. uma mesa 26. euros 27. mas 28. isso 29. todo o mundo 30. cêntimos 31. duas pessoas 32. a conta 33. sempre 34. (por) um dia 35. (por) uma semana

36. um / uma 37. um café 38. fantástico 39. um bolo 40. por pessoa 41. por ano 42. por dia 43. dois anos 44. para mim 45. o frango 46. o restaurante 47. delicioso 48. o jantar 49. obrigado 50. dois / duas 51. um chá 52. quanto é…? 53. o hotel 54. bom 55. é 56. uma reserva 57. extraordinário 58. uma cenoura 59. quanto é? 60. também 61. perfeito 62. alugar 63. simpático 64. pagar 65. uma garrafa de vinho 66. a comida 67. quero 68. terrível 69. o meu / a minha 70. por semana 71. (por) dois meses

72. um carro 73. os meus / as minhas 74. posso? 75. fazer 76. provar 77. aqui 78. sim 79. (por) dois dias 80. isso é… 81. se faz favor 82. não 83. o almoço 84. com licença 85. o pequeno-almoço 86. não é

LESSON 15 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? (at) what time the breakfast the lunch the dinner If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This lesson is going to be all about telling the time. Here’s your first time related phrase:

às…horas It means “at … o’clock” You pronounce it “ash…or-ash” You can put any number after the “às…”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

At three o’clock.

At three o’clock. Às três horas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is at five o’clock.

It is at five o’clock. É às cinco horas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. O jantar é às oito horas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Breakfast is at seven o’clock.

Breakfast is at seven o’clock. O pequeno-almoço é às sete horas.

7am vs. 7pm There are no words for a.m. or p.m. in Portuguese, but they do have a way of differentiating between the two. You can use these two phrases:

da manhã (in the morning)

da tarde (in the evening) You can put these two phrases after you say the time to mean am and pm, for example:

é às oito horas da manhã it’s at 8am

é às oito horas da tarde it’s at 8pm

How would you say this in Portuguese using one of the phrases?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. O jantar é às oito horas da tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Breakfast is at 7am.

Breakfast is at 7am. O pequeno-almoço é às sete horas da manhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Dinner is at 5pm.

Dinner is at 5pm. O jantar é às cinco horas da tarde.

This phrase a similar to the last phrase we learnt but with a little extra bit:

às … e meia It means “at half past …” and you can put any number on the dots You pronounce it “ash … ay may-ah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Lunch is at half past two.

Lunch is at half past two. O almoço é às duas e meia. Whenever you’re talking about time in Portuguese, you always use the feminine version of “two”: “duas”. That’s because it’s referring to “horas” meaning “hours”, which is a feminine word.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s at half past five.

It’s at half past five. É às cinco e meia.

WORD LIST SO FAR às… horas – at…o’clock às…e meia – at half past… da manhã – am (in the morning) da tarde – pm (in the evening)

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The reservation is at half past three.

The reservation is at half past three. A reserva é às três e meia.

How would you say this?

It’s at 2:30pm.

It’s at 2:30pm. É às duas e meia da tarde.

Let’s add another time phrase:

às … e quinze It means “at quarter past…” and, again, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “ash…eee kin-zer”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Lunch is at quarter past two.

Lunch is at quarter past two. O almoço é às duas e quinze.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s at quarter past four.

It’s at quarter past four. É às quatro e quinze.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven.

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven. Quero fazer uma reserva às sete e quinze.

How would you say this?

It’s at 5:15pm.

It’s at 5:15pm. É às cinco e quinze da tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My reservation is at 6:15pm.

My reservation is at 6:15pm. A minha reserva é às seis e quinze da tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Breakfast is at quarter past eight in the morning.

Breakfast is at quarter past eight in the morning. O pequeno-almoço é às oito e quinze de manhã0.

Let’s add another time phrase:

a quinze para as … It means “at quarter to…” and, as always, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “ah keen-zer pah-rah ash”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My reservation is at quarter to eight.

My reservation is at quarter to eight. A minha reserva é a quinze para as oito.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Lunch is at quarter to two.

Lunch is at quarter to two. O almoço é a quinze para as duas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s at quarter to seven.

It’s at quarter to seven. É a quinze para as sete.

How would you say this using the 24 hour clock?

Dinner is at quarter to seven.

Dinner is at quarter to seven. O jantar é a quinze para as sete.

When you want to ask somebody what the time is right now, you can use this useful question:

Que horas são? It means “What time is it?” You pronounce it “ker or-ash saow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Excuse me, what time is it?

Excuse me, what time is it? Com licença, que horas são?

What time is it right now? All of the time phrases I’ve given you above mean “at” a specific time. They all start with “às”. However, if you want to say what time it is right now, there’s a slightly different way of saying “it is”. Here’s the phrase: são … horas It means: it is … o’clock When you’re telling somebody what time it is right now, you must say “son las” for “it is” and you don’t say the little “a las” that we’ve seen in all the time phrases we’ve looked at in this lesson. Look at the examples below:

são sete horas it is seven o’clock

são sete e quinze it is quarter past seven

são quinze para as sete it is quarter to seven

são sete e meia it is half past seven

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is four o’clock.

It is four o’clock. São quatro horas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is half past nine.

It is half past nine. São nove e meia.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It is 2pm.

It is 2pm. São duas horas da tarde.

Other times In this lesson, we’ve learnt how to say o’clock, half past, quarter past, and quarter to. But, what about the other times, like five past or twenty past? Well, in Portuguese, for anything past the hour, you just add it on with “e”, which means “and”. So, “five past seven” would be “as sete e cinco”. For anything to the hour, you use the word “para”, which means “before”. So, “five to seven” would be “cinco para as sete” (literally meaning “five before seven”). If you turn the page, I’ve listed most of the common times. You can change the seven or eight to any number you like.

07:00 – as sete horas 07:05 – as sete e cinco 07:10 – as sete e dez 07:15 – as sete e quinze 07:20 – as sete e vinte 07:25 – as sete e vinte e cinco 07:30 – as sete e meia 07:35 – vinte e cinco para as oito 07:40 – vinte para as oito 07:45 – quinze para as oito 07:50 – dez para as oito 07:55 – cinco para as oito 08:00 – as oito horas

1 O’Clock There’s one more thing to add when telling the time in Portuguese. The words “às”, or “as”, or “são” change when you’re talking about any time involving 1 O’Clock. Look at the examples below:

é uma hora it’s one o’clock

é uma e quinze it’s quarter past one

é uma e meia it’s half past one

são quinze para a uma it’s quarter to one

à uma hora at one o’clock

à uma e meia at half past one

à uma e quinze at quarter past one Just remember, whenever you want to say that something is “at” a specific time, you must say “às” in front of the time. If you just want to say what time it is now, you don’t need to bother with the “às” but you would use “são” for “it is”.

WORD LIST SO FAR às … horas – at…o’clock às … e meia – at half past… da manhã – am (in the morning) da tarde – pm (in the evening) às … e quinze – at quarter past… a quinze para as …– at quarter to… que horas são? – what time is it ? são…horas – it is…o’clock (right now) à uma hora – at one o’clock é uma hora – it is one o’clock

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At half past two

2.

It’s at quarter past nine

3.

It’s at quarter to eight

4.

It’s half past four

5.

It’s quarter to three

6.

It’s at half past four

7.

It’s at quarter to six

8.

It’s half past five

9.

Dinner is at eight o’clock

10. It’s two o’clock

1.

Às duas e meia

2.

É às nove e quinze

3.

É a quinze para as oito

4.

São quatro e meia

5.

São quinze para as três

6.

É às quatro e meia

7.

É a quinze para as seis

8.

São cinco e meia

9.

O jantar é às oito horas

10. São duas horas

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. É às seis e quinze 2. São duas e quinze 3. O almoço é às três horas 4. É a quinze para as sete 5. É às nove horas 6. É às nove e meia 7. São doze horas 8. É às duas horas 9. É às doze horas 10. São dez para as dez

1. It’s at quarter past six 2. It’s quarter past two 3. Lunch is at three o’clock 4. It’s at quarter to seven 5. It’s at nine o’clock 6. It’s at half past nine 7. It is twelve o’clock 8. It’s at two o’clock 9. It’s at twelve o’clock 10. It’s ten to ten

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please

2.

Can I hire a car for two weeks, please?

3.

It isn’t good

4.

The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary

5.

The restaurant is very good

6.

I think my lunch is fantastic

7.

My breakfast is delicious

8.

I would like a reservation for three people, please

9.

My hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary

10. The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here

1.

Quero um chá para mim e um café para ela, se faz favor

2.

Posso alugar um carro por duas semanas, se faz favor?

3.

Não é bom

4.

O frango é muito bom mas a pizza é extraordinária

5.

O restaurante é muito bom

6.

Para mim, o meu almoço é fantástico

7.

O meu pequeno-almoço é delicioso

8.

Quero uma reserva para três pessoas, se faz favor

9.

O meu hotel é terrível mas o restaurante é extraordinário

10. O pequeno-almoço é absolutamente fantástico aqui

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Quero uma garrafa de vinho. Quanto é? 2. Isso não é a minha pizza 3. O vinho é quatro euros 4. Quero uma mesa para duas, se faz favor 5. O meu frango é perfeito 6. A minha pizza é perfeita 7. Quero três cafés e dois chás, se faz favor. Quanto é? 8. É absolutamente extraordinário aqui 9. Não, obrigado 10. É dez euros por garrafa

1. I would like a bottle of wine. How much is it? 2. That isn’t my pizza 3. The wine is four euros 4. I would like a table for two, please 5. My chicken is perfect 6. The pizza is perfect 7. I would like three coffees and two teas, please. How much is it? 8. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 9. No, thank you 10. It’s ten euros per bottle

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. per month 2. the food 3. thank you 4. (for) two weeks 5. I think 6. two 7. (for) one month 8. euros 9. isn't 10. the restaurant 11. (for) two days 12. how much is…? 13. (to) try 14. my 15. a table 16. the (plural) 17. it is one o'clock 18. beautiful 19. absolutely 20. a cake 21. at half past… 22. please 23. (to) pay (for) 24. yes 25. it is 26. (at) what time 27. a tea 28. at one o'clock 29. p.m. 30. fantastic 31. the lunch

32. no 33. (for) two months 34. two people 35. the pizza 36. a year 37. everybody 38. (to) hire / (to) rent 39. the dinner 40. my (plural) 41. but 42. also 43. the water 44. excuse me 45. terrible 46. what time is it? 47. (to) make 48. perfect 49. aren't 50. per year 51. cents 52. that 53. that is… 54. at…o'clock 55. can I / may I? 56. very 57. a reservation 58. always 59. it is…o'clock 60. and 61. the wine 62. the chicken 63. for me 64. a.m. 65. a bottle of wine 66. extraordinary 67. delicious

68. a car 69. for him 70. (for) one week 71. two years 72. I would like 73. per day 74. the bill 75. it isn't 76. how much is it? 77. a carrot 78. at quarter to… 79. for her 80. per 81. nice 82. (for) one day 83. the breakfast 84. a 85. here 86. per week 87. a coffee 88. the hotel 89. per person 90. is 91. good 92. a bottle of 93. at quarter past… 94. everything 95. a bottle of water 96. are

1. por mês 2. a comida 3. obrigado 4. (por) duas semanas 5. para mim 6. dois / duas 7. (por) um mês 8. euros 9. não é 10. o restaurante 11. (por) dois dias 12. quanto é…? 13. provar 14. o meu / a minha 15. uma mesa 16. os / as 17. é uma hora 18. lindo 19. absolutamente 20. um bolo 21. às … e meia 22. se faz favor 23. pagar 24. sim 25. é 26. a que horas 27. um chá 28. à uma hora 29. da tarde 30. fantástico 31. o almoço 32. não 33. (por) dois meses 34. duas pessoas 35. a pizza

36. um ano 37. todo o mundo 38. alugar 39. o jantar 40. os meus / as minhas 41. mas 42. também 43. a água 44. com licença 45. terrível 46. que horas são? 47. fazer 48. perfeito 49. não são 50. por ano 51. cêntimos 52. isso 53. isso é… 54. às … horas 55. posso? 56. muito 57. uma reserva 58. sempre 59. são…horas 60. e 61. o vinho 62. o frango 63. para mim 64. da manhã 65. uma garrafa de vinho 66. extraordinário 67. delicioso 68. um carro 69. para ele 70. (por) uma semana 71. dois anos

72. quero 73. por dia 74. a conta 75. não é 76. quanto é? 77. uma cenoura 78. a quinze para as … 79. para ela 80. por 81. simpático 82. (por) um dia 83. o pequeno-almoço 84. um / uma 85. aqui 86. por semana 87. um café 88. o hotel 89. por pessoa 90. é 91. bom 92. uma garrafa de 93. às … e quinze 94. tudo 95. uma garrafa de água 96. são

Obrigado Before you go, I’d like to say “obrigado” for buying this book. There are lots of Portuguese books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirteen to fifteen of my “3 Minute Portuguese” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixteen to eighteen, and further books after that to continue building your Portuguese language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, obrigado e até logo!

3 MINUTE PORTUGUESE LESSONS 16 – 18 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hello and welcome to “3 Minute Portuguese”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Portuguese. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute Portuguese: Lessons 13-15”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning Portuguese now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the Portuguese language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 260 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak Portuguese, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 7 os números LESSON 8 LESSON 9 Obrigado

LESSON 16 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? what time is it? it is…o’clock (at)…o’clock (at) half past… (at) quarter past… (at) quarter to… it is one o’clock at one o’clock If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

um táxi It means “a taxi” You pronounce it “oom tahk-see”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a taxi, please.

I would like a taxi, please. Quero um táxi, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a taxi at three o’clock.

I would like a taxi at three o’clock. Quero um táxi às três horas.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a taxi for two people.

I would like a taxi for two people. Quero um táxi para duas pessoas.

If you book a taxi, you’ll probably need to give them this:

o endereço It means “the address” You pronounce it “ooh en-deh-ress-ooh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The address is “3 Rua Rosa”.

The address is “3 Rua Rosa”. O endereço é “três Rua Rosa”.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The address is “15 Travessa Pinto”.

The address is “15 Travessa Pinto”. O endereço é “quinze Travessa Pinto".

Here’s a useful question phrase:

qual é…? It means “what is…?” You pronounce it “kwal ay”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What is the address?

What is the address? Qual é o endereço?

Here’s a little word we’ve come across before:

de It means “of” You pronounce it “jee”

Saxon Genitive “Saxon genitive” is just the fancy way of saying “apostrophe s”. In Portuguese, the “apostrophe s” doesn’t exist so, instead, they use the word “de”, which means “of”. For example, if you wanted to say “Paulo’s address”, in Portuguese, you would say “the address of Paulo”

o endereço de Paulo Paulo’s address Similarly, if you wanted to say “Maria’s address”, you would say “the address of Maria”

o endereço de Maria María’s address There is one thing to remember with the word “de” in Portuguese. If it is placed next to the word “o”, they join forces and become “do”.

de + o = do (of the) So, if you want to say “the restaurant’s address” (or, “the address of the restaurant”) you would say:

o endereço do restaurante the restaurant’s address So, if you want to say “the hotel’s address” (or, “the address of the hotel”) you would say:

o endereço do hotel

the hotel’s address This also happens when you put “de” in front of the feminine word for “the”: “a” in Portuguese. They join forces to become “da”.

de + o = do (of the) de + a = da (of the)

See if you can figure out how to say this in Portuguese?

What is the restaurant’s address?

What is the restaurant’s address? Qual é o endereço do restaurante?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What is Maria’s address?

What is Maria’s address? Qual é o endereço de Maria?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paulo’s chicken is delicious. Literally, you’d have to day “The chicken of Paulo is delicious”

Paulo’s chicken is delicious. O frango de Paulo é delicioso.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The hotel’s address.

The hotel’s address. O endereço do hotel.

WORD LIST SO FAR um táxi – a taxi o endereço – the address qual é… ? – what is…? de – of do / da – of the o endereço de Paulo – Paulo’s address o endereço do hotel – the hotel’s address o endereço do restaurante – the restaurant’s address

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a taxi at quarter to one

2.

What is the soup?

3.

What is the hotel’s address?

4.

I would like a taxi, please

5.

I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

6.

What is the address?

7.

I would like a taxi for eight people at five o’clock and the address is 18 Largo de São Carlos

8.

I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four

9.

I would like a taxi at half past one

10. I would like a taxi at quarter to two

1.

Quero um táxi as quinze para a uma

2.

Qual é a sopa?

3.

Qual é o endereço do hotel?

4.

Quero um táxi às quatro, se faz favor

5.

Quero um táxi às quatro horas, se faz favor

6.

Qual é o endereço?

7.

Quero um táxi para oito pessoas às cinco horas e o endereço é dezoito Largo de São Carlos

8.

Quero um táxi para três pessoas as quinze para as quatro

9.

Quero um táxi à uma e meia

10. Quero um táxi as quinze para as duas

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quero um táxi às duas e meia 2. Qual é o endereço do hotel? 3. O meu endereço é três Rua da Imprensa Nacional 4. Quero um táxi para três pessoas as quinze para as quatro, se faz favor 5. Quero um táxi as quinze para a uma 6. O endereço é Avenida Dom Carlos 7. Quero um táxi à uma hora 8. Qual é o endereço do restaurante? 9. O endereço do restaurante é Rua de Santa Marinha 10. Quero um táxi, se faz favor

1. I would like a taxi at half past two 2. What is the hotel’s address? 3. My address is 3 Rua da Imprensa Nacional 4. I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please 5. I would like a taxi at quarter to one 6. The hotel’s address is Avenida Dom Carlos 7. I would like a taxi at one o’clock 8. What is the restaurant’s address? 9. The restaurant’s address is Rua de Santa Marinha 10. I would like a taxi, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Goodbye

2.

It’s quarter to six

3.

That is for me

4.

Excuse me, how much is a bottle of wine here?

5.

My car is terrible

6.

It’s ten euros

7.

The lunch is extraordinary

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s five hundred and fifty seven euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

Tchau

2.

São quinze para as seis

3.

Isso é para mim

4.

Com licença, quanto é uma garrafa de vinho aqui?

5.

O meu carro é terrível

6.

É dez euros

7.

O almoço é extraordinário

8.

São oito e meia

9.

É quinhentos cinqüenta e sete euros

10. Para mim, todo o mundo é muito simpático

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Não é muito bom aqui 2. O almoço é extraordinário 3. O almoço é perfeito 4. A pizza é muito boa 5. Quero um chá para mim e um café para ela, se faz favor 6. É uma e meia 7. O meu almoço é absolutamente perfeito 8. É às cinco e meia 9. É às cinco e quinze 10. É às sete e quinze

1. It isn’t very good here 2. The lunch is extraordinary 3. The lunch is perfect 4. The pizza is very good 5. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 6. It’s half past one 7. My lunch is absolutely perfect 8. It’s at half past five 9. It’s at quarter past five 10. It’s at quarter past seven

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. (to) make 2. (for) two days 3. two 4. Paulo's address 5. very 6. (to) hire / (to) rent 7. I think 8. the pizza 9. perfect 10. no 11. and 12. good 13. the hotel 14. (for) one day 15. the restaurant 16. a coffee 17. excuse me 18. of the 19. per month 20. is 21. at quarter past… 22. a bottle of water 23. (for) two months 24. per year 25. the bill 26. at half past… 27. the water 28. of 29. absolutely 30. a reservation 31. the address

32. here 33. a taxi 34. also 35. two years 36. the restaurant's address 37. the hotel's address 38. how much is…? 39. (for) one month 40. what is…? 41. per person 42. at…o'clock 43. a bottle of wine 44. a year 45. (for) two weeks 46. for me 47. what time is it? 48. but 49. (for) one week 50. the lunch 51. euros 52. terrible 53. that 54. my (plural) 55. extraordinary 56. the breakfast 57. (at) what time 58. nice 59. (to) try 60. p.m. 61. that is… 62. thank you 63. fantastic 64. two people 65. a carrot 66. a cake 67. a.m.

68. at quarter to… 69. isn't 70. aren't 71. yes 72. the food 73. please 74. always 75. beautiful 76. it is…o'clock 77. (to) pay (for) 78. per 79. for her 80. everybody 81. the wine 82. are 83. it isn't 84. my 85. it is 86. a table 87. for him 88. a 89. a bottle of 90. can I / may I? 91. I would like 92. per day 93. per week 94. how much is it? 95. at one o'clock 96. delicious 97. it is one o'clock 98. a tea 99. a car 100. everything 101. cents 102. the dinner 103. the chicken

104. the (plural)

1. fazer 2. (por) dois dias 3. dois / duas 4. o endereço de Paulo 5. muito 6. alugar 7. para mim 8. a pizza 9. perfeito 10. não 11. e 12. bom 13. o hotel 14. (por) um dia 15. o restaurante 16. um café 17. com licença 18. do / da 19. por mês 20. é 21. às … e quinze 22. uma garrafa de água 23. (por) dois meses 24. por ano 25. a conta 26. às … e meia 27. a água 28. de 29. absolutamente 30. uma reserva 31. o endereço 32. aqui 33. um táxi 34. também 35. dois anos

36. o endereço do restaurante 37. o endereço do hotel 38. quanto é…? 39. (por) um mês 40. qual é…? 41. por pessoa 42. às … horas 43. uma garrafa de vinho 44. um ano 45. (por) duas semanas 46. para mim 47. que horas são? 48. mas 49. (por) uma semana 50. o almoço 51. euros 52. terrível 53. isso 54. os meus / as minhas 55. extraordinário 56. o pequeno-almoço 57. a que horas 58. simpático 59. provar 60. da tarde 61. isso é… 62. obrigado 63. fantástico 64. duas pessoas 65. uma cenoura 66. um bolo 67. da manhã 68. a quinze para as … 69. não é 70. não são 71. sim

72. a comida 73. se faz favor 74. sempre 75. lindo 76. são…horas 77. pagar 78. por 79. para ela 80. todo o mundo 81. o vinho 82. são 83. não é 84. o meu / a minha 85. é 86. uma mesa 87. para ele 88. um / uma 89. uma garrafa de 90. posso? 91. quero 92. por dia 93. por semana 94. quanto é? 95. à uma hora 96. delicioso 97. é uma hora 98. um chá 99. um carro 100. tudo 101. cêntimos 102. o jantar 103. o frango 104. os / as

LESSON 17 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? a taxi of of the what is…? the address Paulo’s address the restaurant’s address the hotel’s address If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s another useful verb:

ir It means “(to) go” You pronounce it “ear”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go?

Can I go? Posso ir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go, please.

I would like to go, please. Quero ir, se faz favor.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? A que horas posso ir?

The verb “ir” tends to go hand in hand with another little word:

ir a It means “(to) go to” You pronounce it “ear ah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go to Lisbon.

I would like to go to Lisbon. Quero ir a Lisboa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go to Funchal.

I would like to go to Funchal. Quero ir a Funchal.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go to Porto?

Can I go to Porto? Posso ir a Porto?

Do you remember what “do” and “da” mean? We saw “do” in the last lesson of this book when we did “o endereço do restaurante”. “Do” means “of the” and it is the contraction of “de” with “o”:

de + o = do Well, “de” can also mean “from”. This means that “do” can either mean “of the” or “from the”.

We now know that the word “de” can mean “of” or “from” in Portuguese, so how would you say:

It’s from the restaurant.

It’s from the restaurant. É do restaurante.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

It’s from Paulo.

It’s from Paulo. É de Paulo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That is from Lisbon.

That is from Lisbon. Isso é de Lisboa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That isn’t from Lisbon; it’s from Porto.

That isn’t from Lisbon; it’s from Porto. Isso não é de Lisboa; é de Porto.

More Portuguese contractions When we learnt the verb “ir”, I said that it tends to go with the little word “a” to mean “(to) go to”. The word “a” can actually mean “to” or “at” in Portuguese, and there are actually a couple of contractions that happens with this word:

a + o = ao (to the / at the) a + a = à (to the / at the)

So, how would you say this in Portuguese?

At the restaurant.

At the restaurant. Ao restaurante.

And, how would you say this in Portuguese?

At the hotel.

At the hotel. Ao hotel.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go to the restaurant.

I would like to go to the restaurant. Quero ir ao restaurante.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go to the hotel?

Can I go to the hotel Posso ir ao hotel?

Here’s somewhere you could go to:

a praia It means “the beach” You pronounce it “ah pry-ah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go to the beach?

Can I go to the beach? Posso ir à praia?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock.

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock. Quero ir à praia às dez horas.

WORD LIST SO FAR ir – (to) go ir a – (to) go to do / da – of / from the ao / à – at / to the a praia – the beach

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The beach here is beautiful.

The beach here is beautiful. A praia aqui é linda.

So many places to go… There are lots of different places you could visit when you’re on holiday. So, I’ve done a Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you with a list of “Places to go”. Go through these places at your leisure and pick out a few places you know you’ll go to when you’re in Portugal and then build a few sentences with them to learn them.

Anyway, here’s another word:

amanhã It means “tomorrow” You pronounce it “ah-man-ya”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow? Posso ir ao restaurante amanhã?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go tomorrow.

I would like to go tomorrow. Quero ir amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow.

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow. Quero ir ao restaurante amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time is the reservation tomorrow?

What time is the reservation tomorrow? A que horas é a reserva amanhã?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The reservation is for tomorrow.

The reservation is for tomorrow. A reserva é para amanhã.

Here’s another time phrase:

esta noite It means “tonight” or “this evening” You pronounce it “esh-tah noy-ter”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go this evening?

Can I go this evening? Posso ir esta noite?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight.

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight. Quero ir ao restaurante esta noite.

Here is a very useful word in Portuguese:

a casa It means “the house” You pronounce it “ah cah-zah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Paulo’s house.

Paulo’s house. A casa de Paulo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time can I go to Maria’s house?

What time can I go to Maria’s house? A que horas posso ir à casa de Maria?

WORD LIST SO FAR ir – (to) go ir a – (to) go to a praia – the beach amanhã – tomorrow esta noite – this evening / tonight a casa – the house a casa de Paulo – Paulo’s house a – at / to ao / à – at the / to the de – from / of do / da – from the / of the

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At Alfredo’s house

2.

What time can I go to the restaurant?

3.

Can I go to the shop tomorrow?

4.

At José’s house

5.

I would like to go to Oscar’s house

6.

I would like to go at half past four

7.

Maria’s house

8.

I’d like to go at quarter to three

9.

I’d like a taxi for three people at four o’clock and I’d like to go to the beach

10. I’d like to go to Maria’s house tonight

1.

À casa de Alfredo

2.

A que horas posso ir ao restaurante?

3.

Posso ir à loja amanhã?

4.

À casa de José

5.

Quero ir à casa de Oscar

6.

Quero ir às quatro e meia

7.

A casa de Maria

8.

Quero ir as quinze para as três

9.

Quero um táxi para três pessoas às quatro horas e quero ir à praia

10. Quero ir à casa de Maria esta noite

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quero ir à Praia às sete e meia 2. Quero ir às quatro e quinze 3. À casa de Maria 4. Quero ir as quinze para as quatro 5. Quero ir à casa de Marco amanhã 6. Quero ir ao hotel esta noite 7. Posso ir à casa de Maria? 8. A que horas posso ir à casa de Paulo? 9. Ao supermercado 10. A que horas posso ir ao banco?

1. I would like to go to the beach at half past seven 2. I would like to go at quarter past four 3. At Maria’s house 4. I would like to go at quarter to four 5. I would like to go to Marco’s house tomorrow 6. I would like to go to the hotel tonight/this evening 7. Can I go to Maria’s house? 8. What time can I go to Paulo’s house? 9. At the supermarket 10. What time can I go to the bank?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

At half past seven

2.

It’s at quarter past four

3.

It’s good here

4.

It’s half past ten

5.

My breakfast is perfect

6.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

7.

The breakfast here is terrible

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s two hundred and ten euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

Às sete e meia

2.

É às quatro e quinze

3.

É bom aqui

4.

São dez e meia

5.

O meu pequeno-almoço é perfeito

6.

Quero duas garrafas de vinho, se faz favor

7.

O pequeno-almoço aqui é terrível

8.

São oito e meia

9.

É duzentos dez euros

10. Para mim, todo o mundo é muito simpático

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. A minha pizza é deliciosa 2. Não é bom; é absolutamente extraordinário 3. O pequeno-almoço aqui é absolutamente fantástico 4. É fantástico 5. Não é para mim 6. Para mim, tudo é perfeito 7. Quanto é por um mês? 8. É às seis horas 9. O meu almoço é fantástico 10. Quero um táxi às quatro horas, se faz favor

1. My pizza is delicious 2. It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary 3. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 4. It’s fantastic 5. It isn’t for me 6. I think everything is perfect 7. How much is it for one month? 8. It’s at six o’clock 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. the hotel 2. (to) go 3. isn't 4. per week 5. extraordinary 6. a 7. a car 8. it is…o'clock 9. the (plural) 10. for him 11. yes 12. it is one o'clock 13. terrible 14. nice 15. what is…? 16. always 17. the chicken 18. at quarter to… 19. (to) go to 20. the beach 21. I would like 22. of the 23. the water 24. the breakfast 25. Paulo's house 26. the restaurant's address 27. fantastic 28. (for) two days 29. thank you 30. (to) make 31. at one o'clock

32. can I / may I? 33. how much is…? 34. two years 35. a bottle of water 36. (to) hire / (to) rent 37. at…o'clock 38. per year 39. here 40. (to) try 41. but 42. p.m. 43. at the / to the 44. a reservation 45. two 46. the restaurant 47. very 48. it isn't 49. (to) pay (for) 50. and 51. for her 52. two people 53. tomorrow 54. good 55. my 56. at quarter past… 57. everybody 58. my (plural) 59. everything 60. cents 61. per day 62. a carrot 63. at half past… 64. the address 65. excuse me 66. I think 67. also

68. Paulo's address 69. perfect 70. a year 71. (for) one week 72. the lunch 73. for me 74. (at) what time 75. what time is it? 76. (for) one day 77. the wine 78. (for) two months 79. please 80. no 81. a taxi 82. beautiful 83. a tea 84. aren't 85. it is 86. how much is it? 87. the hotel's address 88. a cake 89. that 90. the pizza 91. a bottle of 92. a coffee 93. a table 94. absolutely 95. the dinner 96. the bill 97. per 98. the food 99. euros 100. tonight / this evening 101. the house 102. (for) one month 103. of

104. per person 105. are 106. that is… 107. is 108. (for) two weeks 109. delicious 110. a bottle of wine 111. at / to 112. per month 113. a.m.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

o hotel ir não é por semana extraordinário um / uma um carro são…horas os / as para ele sim é uma hora terrível simpático qual é…? sempre o frango a quinze para as … ir a a praia quero do / da a água o pequeno-almoço a casa de Paulo o endereço do restaurante fantástico (por) dois dias obrigado fazer à uma hora posso? quanto é…? dois anos uma garrafa de água

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

alugar às … horas por ano aqui provar mas da tarde ao / à uma reserva dois / duas o restaurante muito não é pagar e para ela duas pessoas amanhã bom o meu / a minha às … e quinze todo o mundo os meus / as minhas tudo cêntimos por dia uma cenoura às … e meia o endereço com licença para mim também o endereço de Paulo perfeito um ano (por) uma semana o almoço

73. para mim 74. a que horas 75. que horas são? 76. (por) um dia 77. o vinho 78. (por) dois meses 79. se faz favor 80. não 81. um táxi 82. lindo 83. um chá 84. não são 85. é 86. quanto é? 87. o endereço do hotel 88. um bolo 89. isso 90. a pizza 91. uma garrafa de 92. um café 93. uma mesa 94. absolutamente 95. o jantar 96. a conta 97. por 98. a comida 99. euros 100. esta noite 101. a casa 102. (por) um mês 103. de 104. por pessoa 105. são 106. isso é… 107. é 108. (por) duas semanas 109. delicioso

110. 111. 112. 113.

uma garrafa de vinho a por mês da manhã

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Lugares para visitar places to visit

atrações turísticas

tourist attractions

o zoológico the zoo o aquário the aquarium o jardim botânico the botanical garden o parque de diversão the theme park a galleria de arte the art gallery (museum) o estádio the sport stadium o parque aqúatico the water park o teatro lírico the opera house o teatro the theatre o cinema the cinema a pista de boliche the bowling alley o castelo the castle o museu the museum a biblioteca the library a praia the beach a beira-mar the seaside a costa the coast o parque the park a floresta the forest a selva the jungle o ginásio the gym o rio the river o canal the canal o lago the lake o mar the sea o bar the bar o restaurante the restaurant o hotel the hotel a cafeteria the cafe o cibercafé the internet cafe o albergue da juventude the youth hostel a piscina the swimming pool

lugares de prática religiosa places of worship a catedral the cathedral a mesquita the mosque a sinagoga the synagogue o templo the temple o convento the convent o monastério the monastery a igreja the church a basílica the basilica a capela the chapel a oratória the oratory o santuário the shrine o pagode the pagoda

lugares esenciais

the essential places

a prefeitura the town/city hall o centro de informação turística the tourist information office a delegacia de polícia the police station a cidade the town/ city a vila a hamlet a aldeia the village o hospital the hospital o centro da cidade the town/ city centre o banco the bank o correio central the post office a escola (primária) the (primary) school o colégio the secondary school a universidade the university

as lojas

the shops o açougue the butcher a delicatessen the delicatessen a padaria the bakery a frutaria the greengrocer’s a peixaria the fishmonger’s a confeitaria he cake shop a loja de departamentos the department store o supermercado the supermarket o hipermercado the hypermarket a queijaria the cheese shop o herbolário the health food shop a sapataria the shoe shop a tinturaria the dry cleaner’s o sapateiro the cobbler’s a lavanderia the laundrette a mobiliária the furniture shop a farmácia the chemist’s a livraria (de segunda mão) the (second-hand) book shop a loja de antiguidades the antique shop o mercado the market o mercadinho / a feira the flea market a galería de arte the art gallery a loja de ferragens the hardware shop o salão de belleza the beauty parlour a bomboniere the sweet shop a loja de porcelana the china shop a loja de eletrodomésticos the electrical goods shop a boutique the fashion boutique a barraca de fruta the fruit stand a joalheria the jewellery shop a marroquinaria the leather goods shop

o consultorio o médico a imobiliária a florist a óptica o advogado o salão a dentista a bodega o jornaleiro a perfumaria a loa de animais a loja de souvenirs a sorveteria a papelaria a agência de viagens a loja de esportes a loja de brinquedos

o transporte

the doctor’s surgery the doctor’s the estate agent’s the florist’s the optician’s the lawyer’s the hairdresser’s the dentist’s the wine shop the newsagent the perfume shop the animal shop the souvenir shop the ice-cream parlour the stationery shop the travel agent’s the sport shop the toy shop

the transport

a estação de trem/a ferroviária the train station a gare the platform a estação de ônibus the bus station o ponto de ônibus the bus stop o aeroporto the airport o ponto de taxi the taxi rank o porto the harbour o estacionamento the car park o metrô the underground

LESSON 18 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in Portuguese? of/from to/at the house at Paulo’s house tomorrow the beach to go (to) tonight/this evening If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

If you’re going to a hotel, you’ll probably need one of these:

um quarto It means “a room” You pronounce it “oom kwahr-toh”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a room for tonight.

I would like a room for tonight. Quero um quarto para esta noite.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is a room for one night?

How much is a room for one night? Quanto é um quarto por uma noite?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The room is perfect.

The room is perfect. O quarto é perfeito.

Here’s your word in Portuguese:

com It means “with” You pronounce it “kom”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go with Paulo?

Can I go with Paulo? Posso ir com Paulo?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to go with Maria.

I would like to go with Maria. Quero ir com Maria.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

May I go to the beach with Maria and Oscar?

May I go to the beach with Maria and Oscar? Posso ir à Praia com Maria e Oscar?

Anyway, back to the hotel. You might like a room with one of these:

um balcão It means “a balcony” You pronounce it “oom bal-kow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a room with a balcony.

I would like a room with a balcony. Quero um quarto com um balcão.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much is a room with a balcony?

How much is a room with a balcony? Quanto é um quarto com um balcão?

WORD LIST SO FAR um quarto – a room com – with un balcão – a balcony

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The balcony is very beautiful.

The balcony is very beautiful. O balcão é muito lindo.

Here’s your next word in Portuguese:

uma televisão It means “a television” You pronounce it “oomah te-lay-vee-zow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like a room with a television.

I would like a room with a television. Quero um quarto com uma televisão.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Also, I would like a television.

Also, I would like a television. Também, quero uma televisão.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My television is terrible.

My television is terrible. A minha televisão é terrível.

Here’s a handy phrase you can put on the end of things in Portuguese:

…não funciona It means “…doesn’t work” You pronounce it “…now fun-see-oh-nah”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

The television doesn’t work.

The television doesn’t work. A televisão não funciona.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

That doesn’t work.

That doesn’t work. Isso não funciona.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Excuse me, that doesn’t work.

Excuse me, that doesn’t work. Com licença, isso não funciona.

This is always useful for paying for things:

um cartão It means “a card” You pronounce it “oom kar-tow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

My card doesn’t work.

My card doesn’t work. O meu cartão não funciona.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I pay with a card?

Can I pay with a card? Posso pagar com um cartão?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I pay for the room with a card?

Can I pay for the room with a card? Posso pagar o quarto com um cartão?

The hotel There are lots of things that you might like to have in your hotel room and lots of things that would be perfect accompaniments for the “…não funciona” phrase. Therefore, I’ve written a Vocabulary Expansion Section for hotel terminology. You can find it at the end of this lesson.

Instead of saying “with a card”, you might like to try this phrase:

com cartão It literally means “with card” but you can use it to mean “by card” You pronounce it “kom kahr-tow”

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I pay by card?

Can I pay by card? Posso pagar com cartão?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to pay by card.

I would like to pay by card. Quero pagar com cartão.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I would like to pay for the food by card.

I would like to pay for the food by card. Quero pagar a comida com cartão.

WORD LIST SO FAR um quarto – a room com – with um balcão – a balcony uma televisão – a television …não funciona – …doesn’t work um cartão – a card com cartão – by card

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in Portuguese. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

May I pay with a card, please?

2.

Also, with a television, please

3.

Excuse me, the television doesn’t work

4.

I would like a room with a bathtub, please

5.

I would like a balcony

6.

Excuse me, the air conditioning doesn’t work

7.

How much is it for two weeks?

8.

I would like a room with a balcony, please

9.

I would like a room for tonight, please

10. I would like a room with a television

1.

Posso pagar com cartão, se faz favor?

2.

Também, com uma televisão, se faz favor

3.

Com licença, a televisão não funciona

4.

Quero um quarto com uma banheira, se faz favor

5.

Quero um balcão

6.

Com licença, o ar condicionado não funciona

7.

Quanto é por duas semanas?

8.

Quero um quarto para esta noite, se faz favor

9.

Quero um quarto para esta noite, se faz favor

10. Quero um quarto com uma televisão

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following Portuguese sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Quero um balcão 2. Quero um quarto para duas pessoas 3. Posso pagar com cartão, se faz favor? 4. Quero um quarto para esta noite, se faz favor 5. Quero um quarto com um balcão, se faz favor 6. Quero uma cama king size, se faz favor 7. Com licença, o forno não funciona 8. Quero um quarto por uma semana, se faz favor 9. O balcão é perfeito 10. A chave não funciona

1. I would like a balcony 2. I would like a room for two people 3. Can I pay by card, please? 4. I would like a room for tonight, please 5. I would like a room with a balcony, please 6. I would like a king-sized bed, please 7. Excuse me, the oven doesn’t work 8. I would like a room for one week, please 9. The balcony is perfect 10. The key doesn’t work

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Good evening

2.

No, thank you

3.

It’s quarter past two

4.

A table for two people, please

5.

That is for her

6.

At quarter past four

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

It’s quarter to one

9.

It’s at quarter past five

10. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic

1.

Boa tarde

2.

Não, obrigado

3.

São duas e quinze

4.

Uma mesa para duas pessoas, se faz favor

5.

Isso é para ela

6.

Às quatro e quinze

7.

Posso probar o quiejo, se faz favor?

8.

São quinze para a uma

9.

É às cinco e quinze

10. O pequeno-almoço aqui é absolutamente fantástico

Let’s now do some Portuguese to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. O frango é absolutamente terrível 2. Com licença, que horas são? 3. A que horas é a reserva? 4. É à uma e meia 5. Não é muito bom aqui 6. É às seis e meia 7. Tchau 8. Quanto é por um mês? 9. O meu almoço é fantástico 10. O frango é muito bom e as cenouras são absolutamente fantásticas

1. The chicken is absolutely terrible 2. Excuse me, what time is it? 3. What time is the reservation? 4. It’s at half past one 5. It’s not very good here 6. It’s at half past six 7. Goodbye 8. How much is it for one month? 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. The chicken is very good and the carrots are absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in Portuguese? 1. per 2. the pizza 3. a.m. 4. a balcony 5. good 6. the food 7. (for) one day 8. (to) pay (for) 9. a year 10. aren't 11. that is… 12. and 13. the water 14. fantastic 15. a card 16. per year 17. no 18. two people 19. the beach 20. a television 21. perfect 22. the house 23. a table 24. for me 25. the hotel 26. delicious 27. (for) two weeks 28. tomorrow 29. that 30. it is 31. please

32. absolutely 33. are 34. I think 35. it is one o'clock 36. is 37. cents 38. the chicken 39. yes 40. but 41. at one o'clock 42. (to) go to 43. how much is it? 44. (to) hire / (to) rent 45. the wine 46. a reservation 47. (for) one week 48. per month 49. the restaurant's address 50. a coffee 51. a cake 52. a bottle of wine 53. euros 54. at half past… 55. also 56. terrible 57. the address 58. everything 59. it isn't 60. at quarter past… 61. …doesn't work 62. tonight / this evening 63. of the 64. nice 65. two years 66. a bottle of 67. p.m.

68. (at) what time 69. can I / may I? 70. the lunch 71. very 72. a room 73. my (plural) 74. the breakfast 75. two 76. isn't 77. my 78. how much is…? 79. I would like 80. what is…? 81. per week 82. at quarter to… 83. for her 84. with 85. the (plural) 86. what time is it? 87. beautiful 88. for him 89. at / to 90. a carrot 91. (for) one month 92. (for) two months 93. extraordinary 94. here 95. everybody 96. excuse me 97. the dinner 98. thank you 99. Paulo's address 100. the restaurant 101. at the / to the 102. always 103. a

104. a bottle of water 105. a tea 106. Paulo's house 107. per person 108. a car 109. it is…o'clock 110. the bill 111. of 112. (to) make 113. per day 114. the hotel's address 115. (for) two days 116. a taxi 117. by card 118. (to) go 119. at…o'clock 120. (to) try

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

por a pizza da manhã um balcão bom a comida (por) um dia pagar um ano não são isso é… e a água fantástico um cartão por ano não duas pessoas a praia uma telvisão perfeito a casa uma mesa para mim o hotel delicioso (por) duas semanas amanhã isso é se faz favor absolutamente são para mim é uma hora

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

é cêntimos o frango sim mas à uma hora ir a quanto é? alugar o vinho uma reserva (por) uma semana por mês o endereço do restaurante um café um bolo uma garrafa de vinho euros às … e meia também terrível o endereço tudo não é às … e quinze …não funciona esta noite do / da simpático dois anos uma garrafa de da tarde a que horas posso? o almoço muito um quarto

73. os meus / as minhas 74. o pequeno-almoço 75. dois / duas 76. não é 77. o meu / a minha 78. quanto é…? 79. quero 80. qual é…? 81. por semana 82. a quinze para as … 83. para ela 84. com 85. os / as 86. que horas são? 87. lindo 88. para ele 89. a 90. uma cenoura 91. (por) um mês 92. (por) dois meses 93. extraordinário 94. aqui 95. todo o mundo 96. com licença 97. o jantar 98. obrigado 99. o endereço de Paulo 100. o restaurante 101. ao / à 102. sempre 103. um / uma 104. uma garrafa de água 105. um chá 106. a casa de Paulo 107. por pessoa 108. um carro 109. são…horas

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120.

a conta de fazer por dia o endereço do hotel (por) dois dias um táxi com cartão ir às … horas provar

Vocabulary Expansion Section

No hotel at the hotel

quero um quarto...

I would like a room… com… with… um balcão a balcony uma televisão a television um rádio a radio um chuveiro a shower uma banheira a bathtub uma vista a view …do mar …of the sea uma chaleira a kettle um fogão a cooker um forno an oven um forno de microondas a microwave uma geladeira a fridge um congelador a freezer um ferro de passar an iron uma cama solteiro a single bed camas separadas twin beds uma cama de casal a double bed uma cama king size a kind-sized bed

o ar condicionado the air conditioning o aquecimento the heating a lâmpada the lamp a luz the light a caldeira the boiler a chave the key a conexão wi-fi the Wi-Fi a sea wi-fi the Wi-Fi password

…não funciona

…doesn’t work

Obrigado Before you go, I’d like to say “obrigado” for buying this book. There are lots of Portuguese books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixteen to eighteen of my “3 Minute Portuguese” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons nineteen to twenty-one, and further books after that to continue building your Portuguese language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, obrigado e até logo!

BUILDING STRUCTURES IN PORTUGUESE STRUCTURE 1 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Ola e bem-vindo (hello and welcome) to “Building Structures in Portuguese: Structure 1”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak Portuguese. The whole of the Portuguese language is made up of a number of structures. I remember one weekend, I was writing some lessons for the week ahead, when I suddenly realised this. I noticed that there are a certain number of structures in Portuguese, and that every sentence follows one of these structures. I spent the rest of the weekend working out that there are fifteen structures altogether, and I wrote them all down. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability to say a huge amount. Some structures are used more than others, and all fifteen structures together make up the whole Portuguese language. Once you’ve learnt all the structures, all you have to do is insert different words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures also help to propel you to fluency; if you can manipulate the structures at high speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to thing about how to say it. This book can be used as both a reference book and as a workbook. As I said, each structure enables you to say a huge amount, so I’ve limited each book to one structure so as not to overburden you. By looking at just one structure at a time, you can really get to grips with it and understand its usage. It will help to clarify the Portuguese language and make it more like a reflex rather than something you have to think everything through like it’s a maths equation. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like

spending hours studying Portuguese, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen:

Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep Portuguese fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with Portuguese and it’ll turn into a chore.

More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success.

More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day.

So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Contents STRUCTURE 1 USING STRUCTURE 1 EXTRA INFORMATION MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? QUAL – WHICH ONE QUANTO – HOW MUCH MORE WORDS AS A NON-QUESTION RECAP STRUCTURE 1 OUTLINE

STRUCTURE 1 The whole of the Portuguese language is made up of different structures of words. If you know the words and you know which order to put them in, you can speak the language! In the whole of the Portuguese language, there are only fifteen different structures. So, let’s get on and learn the first one.

Structure one consists of just three parts, and here is an example of it in use:

O que você quer comer? What do you want to eat?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its three components and given each component a name:

O que 2você quer 3comer? 1What 2do you want 3to eat?

1

O QUE

VOCÊ QUER

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

COMER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

So, those are the three components: a question word, an infinitive carrier and an infinitive. You may be wondering, “What on Earth is an infinitive and an infinitive carrier?”. Well, an infinitive is just a verb. A verb is a word you can put “to” in front of, for example: to eat, to drink, to speak, to smoke, to go, to be, to hear, to arrive, to leave… An infinitive carrier is any word you can put an infinitive on the end of. In English, we have things like “I would like”, “do you want” and “I’m going”, because you can put infinitives on the end of these: I would like to eat. I would like to drink. I would like to go. Do you want to leave? Do you want to call? Do you want to eat? I’m going to arrive. I’m going to go. I’m going to dance.

We can change any of the three parts in this structure. For example, instead of saying “O que” at the start, which means “What”, we could change it to “Onde”, meaning “Where”.

O que você quer comer? What do you want to eat? So, the question would become:

Onde você quer comer? Where do you want to eat? Or, we could change it to “Quando”, which means “When”.

Quando você quer comer? When do you want to eat? Did you notice how the rest of the structure stayed the same? The “você quer comer?” part didn’t alter at all just because you changed the question word at the start.

all just because you changed the question word at the start.

So, that’s three question words we could use at the start of structure one:

onde where o que what quando when Let’s add a few more infinitives and infinitive carriers so we can really start to manipulate this structure…

USING STRUCTURE 1 Here’s a list of a few question words, a few infinitive carriers and quite a few infinitives. What we’re going to do is use this list of words to get used to structure 1 by making up some questions: Question words Onde – Where O que – What A que horas – At what time Quando – When Como – How Infinitive carriers Posso – Can I Você quer – Do you want Vai você – Are you going Infinitives Comer – (To) eat* Beber – (To) drink Pedir – (To) order Provar – (To) try Pagar – (To) pay Fazer – (To) do / (To) make Alugar – (To) hire Ir – (To) go Tomar – (To) take Ter – (To) have Mudar – (To) change *The reason I’ve put the “to” in brackets on all of these words in the infinitive list is because sometimes we English we say the “to” but other times we miss it off. For example “What do you want to do?” but then “What can I do?”. In the first sentence, we say the word “to” but not in the second sentence.

So, what we can do with this first structure is start to build up questions using the three parts (question word – infinitive carrier – infinitive). Turn the page and see if you can say these questions in Portuguese using the words in the list above:

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where can I pay?

Where can I pay? Onde posso pagar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? O que posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Onde você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? O que você quer beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? O que vai você pedir?

By building questions using structure one, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and the structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in Portuguese. So, let’s do a few more:

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? O que vai você fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Como vai você pagar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I try?

What can I try? O que posso provar?

Now, so far, I’ve said that the first structure is made up of three parts. However, there is a fourth part, which I’ll call “Extra Information”. Read on…

EXTRA INFORMATION The fourth part of structure one is simply extra information such as nouns, adjectives, time words etc… We can add the extra information on to the end of the question to add… well…extra information. For example:

O que você quer comer esta noite? What do you want to eat tonight? Onde você quer comer amanhã? Where do you want to eat tomorrow? O que você quer fazer agora? What do you want to do now?

We’ve had a few question words, a few “infinitive carriers” and quite a few “infinitives”, so here are some extra information words you can use: Extra information Amanhã – Tomorrow Hoje – Today Esta noite – Tonight Agora – Now Mais tarde – Later A Lisboa – To Lisbon Em Lisboa – In Lisbon Ao restaurante – At the restaurant / To the restaurant O frango – The chicken O casaco vermelho – The red coat Um bilhete – A ticket Para Paulo – For Pedro Aqui – Here

So, now you’re armed with some “Extra information” words, you can make your questions a little more adventurous. How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to do now?

What are you going to do now? O que vai você fazer agora?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to do for Paulo?

What are you going to do for Paulo? O que vai você fazer para Paulo?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time do you want to eat later?

What time do you want to eat later? A que horas você quer comer mais tarde?

MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 You can manipulate structure one in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don’t always have to stick all three parts together. Let’s see what happens when you don’t put the question word on.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Do you want to eat?

Do you want to eat? Você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Do you want to eat here?

Do you want to eat here? Você quer comer aqui?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Are you going to pay?

Are you going to pay? Vai você pagar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Do you want to pay the bill now?

Do you want to pay the bill now? Você quer pagar a conta agora?

Now let’s see what happens if you don’t put an infinitive on the end. How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want?

What do you want? O que quer?

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? I said earlier on in the book that the word “infinitive” just means “verb”. However, it’s specifically the whole verb, which in English usually has the word ‘to’ in front of it (but not always). In Portuguese, infinitives will always end in either the letters ‘er’, ‘ir’ or ‘ar’. So far, in Portuguese, we’ve had… comer (to eat) beber (to drink) pedir (to order) provar (to try) pagar (to pay) fazer (to do/to make) alugar (to hire) tomar (to take) ter (to have) mudar (to change)

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? An infinitive carrier is basically a word or an expression that can be followed by an infinitive. I’ve only given you a few Portuguese infinitive carriers so far: posso (can I) vai você (are you going) você quer (do you want) You can put any infinitive on the end of these infinitive carriers to make your question for structure 1. Are you going to eat? Are you going to drink? Are you going to pay? Are you going to go? Are you going to try? There are a few more infinitive carriers that you’ll meet in later lessons and they make life much easier.

WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? A question word doesn’t really need much explanation. It’s easier just to see what they are. So far, we’ve looked at five question words. There’s only a small number of question words altogether so what we’ll do it learn them all now: Question words Onde – Where O que – What A que horas – At what time Quando – When Como – How Qual – Which/Which one Por que – Why Quanto – How much Quantos – How many Quanto tempo – How long (How much time) Quem – Who / Whom

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? O que você quer fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How do you want to pay the bill?

How do you want to pay the bill? Como você quer pagar a conta?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one do you want?

Which one do you want? Qual você quer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Why do you want to hire a car?

Why do you want to hire a car? Por que você quera lugar um carro?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Quanto vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where can I hire a car?

Where can I hire a car? Onde posso alugar um carro?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Quando você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? A que horas posso ir?

QUAL – WHICH ONE The question word “qual” can change in Portuguese depending on what it is referring to. Qual – Which / Which one (singular) Quais – Which / Which ones (plural) You use “qual” when you’re referring to singular nouns (when there’s only one of something). You use “quais” when you’re referring to plural nouns (when there’s more than one of something).

QUANTO – HOW MUCH The word “quanto” has four versions in Portuguese – masculine singular, masculine plural, feminine singular and feminine plural. In the singular, it can be used to mean “How much”, and in the plural, it can be used to mean “How many”. Quanto (masculine singular) Quantos (masculine plural) Quanta (feminine singular) Quantas (feminine plural) Have a look at some examples below:

Quanto você quer? How much do you want? Quantos você quer? How many do you want? Quanto vinho você quer? How much wine do you want? Quanta comida você quer? How much food do you want? Quantos bolos você quer? How many cakes do you want?

Quantas cenouras você quer? How many carrots do you want? Seeing as you’ve had all the question words, let’s practise them a little.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to eat?

What do you want to eat? O que você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? O que você quer beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to order?

What do you want to order? O que você quer pedir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to try?

What do you want to try? O que você quer provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? O que você quer fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to make?

What do you want to make? O que você quer fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to take?

What do you want to take? O que você quer tomar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to have?

What do you want to have? O que você quer ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What do you want to change?

What do you want to change? O que você quer mudar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Onde você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where do you want to drink?

Where do you want to drink? Onde você quer beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Quando você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When do you want to drink?

When do you want to drink? Quando você quer beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When do you want to order?

When do you want to order? Quando você quer pedir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Como você quer pagar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Why do you want to eat here?

Why do you want to eat here? Por que você quer comer aqui?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Why do you want to take the car?

Why do you want to take the car? Por que você quer tomar o carro?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time do you want to eat?

What time do you want to eat? A que horas você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one do you want to try?

Which one do you want to try? Qual você quer provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one do you want to have?

Which one do you want to have? Qual você quer ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which ones do you want to try?

Which ones do you want to try? Quais você quer provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which ones do you want to have?

Which ones do you want to have? Quais você quer ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Quanto você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much do you want to drink?

How much do you want to drink? Quanto você quer beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How many do you want to eat?

How many do you want to eat? Quantos você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much pizza do you want to eat?

How much pizza do you want to eat? Quanta pizza você quer comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much wine do you want to drink?

How much wine do you want to drink? Quanto vinho você quer beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to eat?

What are you going to eat? O que vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to drink?

What are you going to drink? O que vai você beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? O que vai você pedir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to try?

What are you going to try? O que vai você provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? O que vai você fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to make?

What are you going to make? O que vai você fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to take?

What are you going to take? O que vai você tomar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to have?

What are you going to have? O que vai você ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to change?

What are you going to change? O que vai você mudar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where are you going to eat?

Where are you going to eat? Onde vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where are you going to drink?

Where are you going to drink? Onde vai você beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When are you going to eat?

When are you going to eat? Quando vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When are you going to drink?

When are you going to drink? Quando vai você beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When are you going to order?

When are you going to order? Quando vai você pedir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How are you going to pay?

How are you going to pay? Como vai você pagar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Why are you going to eat here?

Why are you going to eat here? Por que vai você comer aqui?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Why are you going to take the car?

Why are you going to take the car? Por que vai você tomar o carro?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time are you going to eat?

What time are you going to eat? A que horas vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one are you going to try?

Which one are you going to try? Qual vai você provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one are you going to have?

Which one are you going to have? Qual vai você ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which ones are you going to try?

Which ones are you going to try? Quais vai você provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which ones are you going to have?

Which ones are you going to have? Quais vai você ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much are you going to eat?

How much are you going to eat? Quanto vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much are you going to drink?

How much are you going to drink? Quanto vai você beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How many are you going to eat?

How many are you going to eat? Quantos vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much pizza are you going to eat?

How much pizza are you going to eat? Quanta pizza vai você comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much wine are you going to drink?

How much wine are you going to drink? Quanto vinho vai você beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? O que posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I drink?

What can I drink? O que posso beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I try?

What can I try? O que posso provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I order?

What can I order? O que posso pedir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I do?

What can I do? O que posso fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I make?

What can I make? O que posso fazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I take?

What can I take? O que posso tomar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I have?

What can I have? O que posso ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I change?

What can I change? O que posso mudar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where can I eat?

Where can I eat? Onde posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where can I drink?

Where can I drink? Onde posso beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When can I eat?

When can I eat? Quando posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When can I order?

When can I order? Quando posso pedir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time can I eat?

What time can I eat? A que horas posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one can I try?

Which one can I try? Qual posso provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one can I have?

Which one can I have? Qual posso ter?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much can I eat?

How much can I eat? Quanto posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much can I drink?

How much can I drink? Quanto posso beber?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How many can I eat?

How many can I eat? Quantos posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much pizza can I eat?

How much pizza can I eat? Quanta pizza posso comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

How much wine can I drink?

How much wine can I drink? Quanto vinho posso beber?

MORE WORDS Seeing as we’ve now learnt all the question words, we may as well learn a few more infinitive carriers and infinitives. Then we can start making up questions for Structure 1 to our heart’s content! Question words Onde – Where O que – What A que horas – At what time Quando – When Como – How Qual – Which/Which one Por que – Why Quanto – How much Quantos – How many Quanto tempo – How long (How much time) Quem – Who / Whom Infinitive carriers Posso – Can I Você pode – Can you Você quer – Do you want Vai você – Are you going Devo – Do I have to / Must I Deve você – Do you have to / Must you Infinitives Comer – (To) eat Beber – (To) drink Pedir – (To) order Provar – (To) try Pagar – (To) pay Fazer – (To) do / To make Alugar – (To) hire Ir – (To) go

Tomar – (To) take Ter – (To) have Mudar – (To) change Comprar – (To) buy Começar – (To) start Ser – (To) be Estar – (To) be Partir – (To) leave Sair – (To) go out Trazer – (To) bring Gastar – (To) spend (money) Passar – (To) spend (time) Ver – (To) see Ligar – (To) call Ficar – (To) stay Encontrar – (To) find Dizer – (To) tell / (To) say

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When do you want to leave?

When do you want to leave? Quando você quer partir?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Whom are you going to see?

Whom are you going to see? Quem vai você ver?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can I bring?

What can I bring? O que posso trazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where are you going to stay tonight?

Where are you going to stay tonight? Onde vai você ficar esta noite?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Whom can I call?

Whom can I call? Quem posso ligar?

AS A NON-QUESTION So far, we’ve only looked at structure 1 in a question format. However, you can also use it in a non-question. Let’s just start this chapter with a quick recap of the structure in the question form.

Structure one in the question format consists of just three parts:

O que você quer comer? What do you want to eat?

O que 2você quer 3comer? 1What 2do you want 3to eat?

1

O QUE

VOCÊ QUER

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

COMER

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Remember, we said you could add the optional fourth part, the “extra information”.

O que 2você quer 3comer 4esta noite? 1What 2do you want 3to eat 4tonight?

1

VOCÊ 4 O QUE QUER ESTA NOITE 3 COMER QUESTION INFINITIVE EXTRA INFINITIVE WORD CARRIER INFORMATION TO EAT WHAT DO YOU TONIGHT WANT 2

1

To use this structure when you’re not asking a question is quite simple; you just take the question marks away and get rid of the question word. The infinitive carriers change in English but they stay the same in Portuguese. Let me show you what I mean.

Let’s compare a question and a non-question in the structure 1 format.

O que posso comer? What can I eat? Posso comer mais tarde. I can eat later. So, the word “posso” means “can I” when it’s in a question, and “I can” when it’s in a non-question. You can put any infinitive on the end of “posso”:

posso comer I can eat posso ver Paulo I can see Paulo posso ir amanhã I can go tomorrow

Below are two lists. Firstly are the infinitive carriers as you’ve already learnt them, and below them are the infinitive carriers with their meanings as a non-question in English. Just note, that in the non-question infinitive carriers, all the “você” (which means “you”) go first. Question infinitive carriers Posso – Can I Você pode – Can you Você quer – Do you want Vai você – Are you going Devo – Do I have to / Must I Deve você – Do you have to / Must you Non-question infinitive carriers Posso – I can Você pode – you can Você quer – you want Você vai – you are going Devo – I have to / I must Você deve – you have to / you must A couple of extras you can use

Quero – I want Vou – I’m going

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy something here for Paulo.

You can buy something here for Paulo. Você pode comprar algo para Paulo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Você pode comprá-lo mais tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can see it.

I can see it. Posso vê-lo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can buy something here.

I can buy something here. Posso comprar algo aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy something at the supermarket.

You can buy something at the supermarket. Você pode comprar algo ao supermercado.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can buy some cheese.

I can buy some cheese. Posso comprar queijo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can buy something for my mum here.

I can buy something for my mum here. Posso comprar algo para mina mãe aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You’re going to be tired tomorrow.

You’re going to be tired tomorrow. Você vai estar cansado amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I have to be there soon.

I have to be there soon. Devo estar lá logo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can bring it for Paulo.

You can bring it for Paulo. Você pode trazê-lo para Paulo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Você pode comprá-lo mais tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I must say something.

I must say something. Devo dizer algo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can bring it for Jose.

I can bring it for Jose. Posso trazê-lo para Jose.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I have to start soon.

I have to start soon. Devo começar logo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can eat something at the restaurant.

You can eat something at the restaurant. Você pode comer algo ao restaurante.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I have to leave tomorrow.

I have to leave tomorrow. Devo partir amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy something in Lisbon.

You can buy something in Lisbon. Você pode comprar algo em Lisboa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You’re going to be there soon.

You’re going to be there soon. Você vai estar lá logo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You must go now.

You must go now. Você deve ir agora.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You have to leave tomorrow.

You have to leave tomorrow. Você deve partir amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy it tomorrow.

You can buy it tomorrow. Você pode comprá-lo amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You must say something.

You must say something. Você deve dizer algo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can bring it with you.

You can bring it with you. Você pode trazê-lo com você.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I want to eat something.

I want to eat something. Quero comer algo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Você vai gastar demasiado dinheiro.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I must find the hotel.

I must find the hotel. Devo encontrar o hotel.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I’m going to change it now.

I’m going to change it now. Vou mudá-lo agora.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You’re going to buy too much.

You’re going to buy too much. Vai você comprar demasiado.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I want to buy something here.

I want to buy something here. Quero comprar algo aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy it in Lisbon.

You can buy it in Lisbon. Você pode comprá-lo em Lisboa.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You must drink something.

You must drink something. Você deve beber algo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can bring it tomorrow.

I can bring it tomorrow. Posso trazê-lo amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy something for Maria.

You can buy something for Maria. Você pode comprar algo para Maria.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can buy it today.

I can buy it today. Posso comprá-lo hoje.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can buy it later.

I can buy it later. Posso comprá-lo mais tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can buy it tomorrow.

I can buy it tomorrow. Posso comprá-lo amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I want to see Lisbon tomorrow.

I want to see Lisbon tomorrow. Quero ver Lisboa amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You have to call Zenate.

You have to call Zenate. Você deve ligar Zenate.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I’m going to call Zenate tomorrow.

I’m going to call Zenate tomorrow. Vou ligar Zenate amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I want to spend three weeks there.

I want to spend three weeks there. Quero pasar três semanas lá.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I’m going to order the chicken for Paulo.

I’m going to order the chicken for Paulo. Vou pedir o frango para Paulo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I must change the reservation.

I must change the reservation. Devo mudra a reserva.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I must go now.

I must go now. Devo ir agora.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You must eat something.

You must eat something. Você deve comer algo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy something here.

You can buy something here. Você pode comprar algo aqui.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I’m going to do it later.

I’m going to do it later. Vou fazê-lo mais tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You have to be in Lisbon tomorrow.

You have to be in Lisbon tomorrow. Você debe estar em Lisboa amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You have to start soon.

You have to start soon. Você deve começar logo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy something at the hotel.

You can buy something at the hotel. Você pode comprar algo ao hotel.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can bring it for Jose.

You can bring it for Jose. Você pode trazê-lo para Jose.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You must change it now.

You must change it now. Você deve mudá-lo agora.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I have to call Paulo.

I have to call Paulo. Devo ligar Paulo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I have to be in Porto tomorrow.

I have to be in Porto tomorrow. Devo estar em Porto amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You have to be there soon.

You have to be there soon. Você deve estar lá logo.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I’m going to buy it today.

I’m going to buy it today. Vou comprá-lo hoje.

So, there you have it, the first Portuguese structure in a non-question form:

Você pode comer aqui. You can eat here.

1

VOCÊ PODE

Você pode 2comer 3aqui. 1You can 2eat 3here.

1

INFINITIVE CARRIER

YOU CAN

COMER

2

INFINITIVE

EAT

AQUI

3

EXTRA INFORMATION

HERE

RECAP Here’s a quick recap of all the question words, all the infinitive carriers (question and non-question format), all the infinitives and all the extra information we’ve learnt in this book. Question words Onde – Where O que – What A que horas – At what time Quando – When Como – How Qual – Which/Which one Por que – Why Quanto – How much Quantos – How many Quanto tempo – How long (How much time) Quem – Who / Whom Infinitive carriers (question form) Posso – Can I Você pode – Can you Você quer – Do you want Vai você – Are you going Devo – Do I have to / Must I Deve você – Do you have to / Must you Infinitive carriers (non-question form) Posso – I can Você pode – you can Você quer – you want Você vai – you are going Devo – I have to / I must Você deve – you have to / you must Quero – I want Vou – I’m going

Infinitives Comer – (To) eat Beber – (To) drink Pedir – (To) order Provar – (To) try Pagar – (To) pay Fazer – (To) do / To make Alugar – (To) hire Ir – (To) go Tomar – (To) take Ter – (To) have Mudar – (To) change Comprar – (To) buy Começar – (To) start Ser – (To) be Estar – (To) be Partir – (To) leave Sair – (To) go out Trazer – (To) bring Gastar – (To) spend (money) Passar – (To) spend (time) Ver – (To) see Ligar – (To) call Ficar – (To) stay Encontrar – (To) find Dizer – (To) tell / (To) say Extra information Amanhã – Tomorrow Hoje – Today Esta noite – Tonight Agora – Now Mais tarde – Later A Lisboa – To Lisbon Em Lisboa – In Lisbon Ao restaurante – At the restaurant / To the restaurant

O frango – The chicken O casaco vermelho – The red coat Um bilhete – A ticket Para Paulo – For Pedro Aqui – Here

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to bring?

What are you going to bring? O que vai você trazer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can you eat?

What can you eat? O que você pode comer?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Você vai gastar demasiado dinheiro.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What can you see?

What can you see? O que você pode ver?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

When can I go out?

When can I go out? Quando posso sair?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I can bring some wine for Paulo tomorrow.

I can bring some wine for Paulo tomorrow. Posso trazer vinho para Paulo amanhã.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight? Posso comer ao hotel esta noite?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can you call Maria at quarter past four?

Can you call Maria at quarter past four? Você pode ligar María às quatro e quinze?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I pay the bill?

Can I pay the bill? Posso pagar a conta?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Where can I find it?

Where can I find it? Onde posso encontrá-lo?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What time do you want to start?

What time do you want to start? A que horas você quer começar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which ones do you want to try?

Which ones do you want to try? Quais você quer provar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

What are you going to do tomorrow? O que vai você fazer amanhã?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Você pode comprá-lo mais tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Can I go out later?

Can I go out later? Posso sair mais tarde?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

I want to go out later.

I want to go out later. Quero sair mais tarde.

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Do you want to see it?

Do you want to see it? Você quer vê-lo?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Do you want to try it?

Do you want to try it? Você quer prová-lo?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Which one do you want to hire?

Which one do you want to hire? Qual você quer alugar?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Whom do you want to see in Lisbon?

Whom do you want to see in Lisbon? Quem você quer ver em Lisboa?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Whom do you have to see in Porto?

Whom do you have to see in Porto? Quem debe você ver em Porto?

How would you say this in Portuguese?

Whom are you going to see in Portugal?

Whom are you going to see in Portugal? Quem vai você ver em Portugal?

STRUCTURE 1 OUTLINE

Obrigado Before you go, I’d like to say “obrigado” for buying this book. There are lots of Portuguese books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book dealt with Structure 1 of the Portuguese language. If you’d like to learn more, you can download the book for Structure 2 where you’ll learn about the next structure and how to use it. If you enjoyed the book, I’d be extremely grateful if you could leave a review. If you didn’t enjoy the book, let me know why by sending me an email to [email protected] I’m always interested in learning how I can improve my books so your feedback would be invaluable. I’ll make the changes you suggest and update the book. Whenever the book updates, if you’ve already purchased it, you’ll get the updates for free. Thank you again, obrigado e até logo!

3 MINUTE GERMAN LESSONS 1 – 3 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hallo und wilkommen (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute German” I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak German. The lessons in this book are based on the methodology I developed for teaching languages, which I use in all my classes and courses. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning German now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the German language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 100 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak German, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 1 LESSON 2 LESSON 3 Danke

LESSON 1 “German in three minutes?” I hear you cry suspiciously. Yes, this book is intricately designed to get you speaking German in the shortest time possible. I’ve created this book for the complete beginner who only has a few minutes to spare each day. I’ve set out each lesson so that they can be completed in short bursts, whenever you find yourself with a moment of freedom. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like spending hours studying German, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen: 1. Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep German fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with German and it’ll turn into a chore. 2. More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that

you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success. 3. More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Here’s your first word in German:

gut It means “good” You pronounce it “gut”

Here’s your next word:

es ist It means “it is” You pronounce it “es ist”

How would you say this in German?

It is good.

It is good. Es ist gut.

You’ll start to notice similarities between German and English words:

fantastisch It means “fantastic” You pronounce it “fan-tas-tish”

How would you say this in German?

It is fantastic.

It is fantastic. Es ist fantastisch.

Here’s another word that doesn’t really look like English:

ganz It means “absolutely” You pronounce it “gants”

How would you say this in German?

It is absolutely fantastic.

It is absolutely fantastic. Es ist ganz fantastisch.

WORD LIST SO FAR gut - good es ist - it is fantastisch - fantastic ganz - absolutely

Here’s a cute little German word:

hier It means “here” You pronounce it “hear”

How would you say this in German?

It is here.

It is here. Es ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

It is good here.

It is good here. Es ist gut hier.

How would you say this in German?

It is fantastic here.

It is fantastic here. Es ist fantastisch hier.

How would you say this in German?

It is absolutely fantastic here.

It is absolutely fantastic here. Es ist ganz fantastisch hier.

Here’s a word you might recognize if you’ve learnt any German before:

sehr It means “very” You pronounce it “zair”

How would you say this in German?

It is very good.

WORD LIST SO FAR gut - good es ist - it is fantastisch - fantastic ganz – absolutely hier – here sehr - very

It is very good. Es ist sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

It is very good here.

It is very good here. Es ist sehr gut hier.

The word “es ist” means “it is”, well, here’s the opposite:

es ist nicht It means “it isn’t” You pronounce it “es ist nikt”

WORD LIST SO FAR gut - good es ist - it is fantastisch - fantastic ganz – absolutely hier – here sehr - very es ist nicht – it isn’t

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t here.

It isn’t here. Es ist nicht hier.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t good.

It isn’t good. Es ist nicht gut.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t very good.

It isn’t very good. Es ist nicht sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t fantastic.

It isn’t fantastic. Es ist nicht fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t very good here.

It isn’t very good here. Es ist nicht sehr gut hier.

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in German now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations. If you grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s good

2.

It’s absolutely fantastic here

3.

It’s good here

4.

It is very good

5.

It isn’t good here

6.

It isn’t good; it’s fantastic

7.

It’s fantastic

8.

It’s fantastic here

9.

It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic

10. It’s very good here

1.

Es ist gut

2.

Es ist ganz fantastisch hier

3.

Es ist gut hier

4.

Es ist sehr gut

5.

Es ist nicht gut hier

6.

Es ist nicht gut ; es ist fantastisch

7.

Es ist fantastisch

8.

Es ist fantastisch hier

9.

Es ist nicht gut hier ; es ist ganz fantastisch

10. Es ist sehr gut hier

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

Es ist nicht sehr gut

2.

Es ist sehr gut

3.

Es ist nicht hier

4.

Es ist ganz fantastisch hier

5.

Es ist nicht sehr gut hier

6.

Es ist gut

7.

Es ist hier

8.

Es ist nicht gut hier

9.

Es ist gut hier

10. Es ist nicht gut ; es ist ganz fantastisch

1.

It isn’t very good

2.

It’s very good

3.

It isn’t here

4.

It’s absolutely fantastic here

5.

It isn’t very good here

6.

It’s good

7.

It’s here

8.

It isn’t good here

9.

It’s good here

10. It isn’t good; it’s absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap the words we’ve learnt in this lesson. How did you say these words in German?

it is absolutely fantastic good here very it isn’t

it is – es ist absolutely - ganz fantastic - fantastisch good - gut here - hier very - sehr it isn’t – es ist nicht

What else? There is plenty you can do to ensure the language stays firmly in your brain and doesn't disappear. You can play about with building sentences from the words you've learnt so far. Whenever you find yourself with a spare 30 seconds, think of something you can say in German. Saying short sentences to yourself in German throughout the day keeps the language at the forefront of your mind. Also, from time to time, there will be a word or two (or maybe three) that just will not stay in your memory no matter how hard you try. What you should do to overcome this is write the word down in English in big letters in the middle of a blank piece of paper. Put the piece of paper in your pocket and take it out a few times each day. Whenever you take it out, look at the English word and say the German word to yourself along with a German sentence that contains this word. The first few times, you might struggle to think of what the German word is and you’ll have to double check. However, pretty quickly, you’ll remember the German without having to check. You'll be amazed at how well this technique works. Finally, before I end this first lesson, I'll just give you some information on what it means to learn a language. Memorising lots of words isn't what it means to learn a language. It's a start but it isn't going to get you very far. What you need to be able to do is put those words together to get your thoughts and ideas across to somebody else. Each time you learn a new word, think to yourself, “Where could I use this?” Make up a sentence and think about where you could say it. “Es ist sehr gut” - you could say this to a waiter in a restaurant when he asks you how

your meal is. By doing this, you're giving the words relevance in your life. You’ll remember things much more easily if you can see where it’s going to be useful. Also, by building sentences, you're subconsciously creating a list of things to say so that you'll never be lost for words. Even when you're in Germany you can do this. Before entering a restaurant, for example, have a quick think about what you could say to the waiter when you go inside. This helps to build your confidence and stops you from having to think on the spot. You’ll be more likely to speak if you have already prepared something to say.

LESSON 2 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? absolutely it isn’t good fantastic very it is here If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in German for this lesson:

lecker It means “delicious” You pronounce it “lek-air”

How would you say this in German?

It is delicious.

It is delicious. Es ist lecker.

Here’s your next word in German:

aussergewöhnlich It means “extraordinary” You pronounce it “ow-sir-ge-vurn-lik”

How would you say this in German?

It is extraordinary.

It is extraordinary. Es ist aussergewöhnlich.

ö What are those funny dots on top of the ö in aussergewöhnlich? It’s called an umlaut and it changes the way you pronounce the letter in German. Normally, the letter o in German is pronounced similar to the letter o in the English word octopus. However, when you put an umlaut over the ö, it is pronounced more like the u sound in the English word burn.

How would you say this in German?

It is absolutely extraordinary.

It is absolutely extraordinary. Es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich.

How would you say this in German?

It is absolutely extraordinary here.

It is absolutely extraordinary here. Es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich hier.

Here’s a beautiful little word in German:

schön It means “beautiful” You pronounce it “shurn”

How would you say this in German?

It is beautiful.

It is beautiful. Es ist schön.

WORD LIST SO FAR lecker - delicious aussergewöhnlich - extraordinary schön - beautiful

How would you say this in German?

It is very beautiful.

It is very beautiful. Es ist sehr schön.

How would you say this in German?

It is very beautiful here.

It is very beautiful here. Es ist sehr schön hier.

How would you say this in German?

It is absolutely beautiful here.

It is absolutely beautiful here. Es ist ganz schön hier.

Here’s a useful phrase in German:

für mich It means “for me” You pronounce it “fur mik”

How would you say this in German?

It is for me.

It is for me. Es ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t for me.

It isn’t for me. Es ist nicht für mich.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t good for me.

It isn’t good for me. Es ist nicht gut für mich.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t very good for me.

It isn’t very good for me. Es ist nicht sehr gut für mich.

The phrase “für mich” actually has two meanings in German. We’ve seen it can mean “for me” but, if you put “für mich” at the start of a sentence in German, it can mean “in my opinion” or “I think”:

für mich It means “in my opinion” or “I think” You pronounce it “fur mik”

für mich When you put “für mich” at the start of a sentence, something amazing happens. The next two words switch round. So, if you want to say ”it is good”, you just say “es ist gut” but if you want to say “I think it is good” you would say “für mich ist es gut”.

How would you say this in German?

I think it is good.

WORD LIST SO FAR lecker - delicious aussergewöhnlich - extraordinary schön - beautiful für mich – for me für mich – I think / in my opinion

I think it’s good. Für mich ist es gut.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s very good.

I think it’s very good. Für mich ist es sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s delicious.

I think it’s delicious. Für mich ist es lecker.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here.

I think it’s absolutely extraordinary here. Für mich ist es ganz aussergewöhnlich hier.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s fantastic here.

I think it’s fantastic here. Für mich ist es fantastisch hier.

Now we’ve added quite a few new words to our German repertoire, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. If you grab a piece of paper, see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s very beautiful here

2.

It’s absolutely beautiful

3.

I think it’s very good

4.

It’s absolutely extraordinary here

5.

It isn’t for me

6.

It isn’t very good for me

7.

It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think it’s delicious

10. I think it’s fantastic

1.

Es ist sehr schön hier

2.

Es ist ganz schön

3.

Für mich ist es sehr gut

4.

Es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich hier

5.

Es ist nicht für mich

6.

Es ist nicht sehr gut für mich

7.

Es ist nicht gut; es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich

8.

Es ist ganz lecker

9.

Für mich ist es lecker

10. Für mich ist es fantastisch

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1.

Es ist aussergewöhnlich

2.

Es ist ganz schön

3.

Für mich ist es ganz schön hier

4.

Für mich ist es gut

5.

Es ist sehr gut für mich

6.

Es ist nicht für mich

7.

Es ist lecker

8.

Für mich ist es lecker

9.

Es ist ganz schön hier

10. Es ist nicht sehr schön

1. It’s extraordinary 2. It’s absolutely beautiful 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. I think it’s good 5. It’s very good for me 6. It isn’t for me 7. It’s delicious 8. I think it’s delicious 9. It’s absolutely beautiful here 10. It isn’t very beautiful

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It isn’t very good

2.

It isn’t good here

3.

It’s absolutely fantastic here

4.

It’s fantastic

5.

It’s good here

6.

It’s here

7.

It’s fantastic here

8.

It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic

9.

It isn’t very good here

10. It’s very good

1.

Es ist nicht sehr gut

2.

Es ist nicht gut hier

3.

Es ist ganz fantastisch hier

4.

Es ist fantastisch

5.

Es ist gut hier

6.

Es ist hier

7.

Es ist fantastisch hier

8.

Es ist nicht gut hier; es ist ganz fantastisch

9.

Es ist nicht sehr gut hier

10. Es ist sehr gut

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es ist nicht gut hier 2. Es ist nicht sehr gut 3. Es ist hier 4. Es ist fantastisch hier 5. Es ist nicht gut hier; es ist ganz fantastisch 6. Es ist ganz fantastisch hier 7. Es ist nicht fantastisch 8. Es ist gut hier 9. Es ist gut 10. Es ist fantastisch

1. It isn’t good here 2. It isn’t very good 3. It’s here 4. It’s fantastic here 5. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 6. It’s absolutely fantastic here 7. It isn’t fantastic 8. It’s good here 9. It’s good 10. It’s fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

it is here fantastic delicious it isn’t good very extraordinary I think beautiful for me absolutely

1. es ist 2. hier 3. fantastisch 4. lecker 5. es ist nicht 6. gut 7. sehr 8. aussergewöhnlich 9. für mich (switch next two words round) 10. schön 11. für mich 12. ganz

LESSON 3 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? for me I think delicious extraordinary beautiful If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in German for this lesson:

aber It means “but” You pronounce it “ar-bear”

How would you say this in German?

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me.

It is delicious but it isn’t very good for me. Es ist lecker aber es ist nicht sehr gut für mich.

Here’s your next word in German:

ja It means “yes” You pronounce it “yar”

How would you say this in German?

Yes, it’s for me.

Yes, it’s for me. Ja, es ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious.

Yes, it’s absolutely delicious. Ja, es ist ganz lecker.

How would you say this in German?

Yes, I think it’s good.

Yes, I think it’s good. Ja, für mich ist es gut.

Here’s a common yet useful word in German:

danke It means “thank you” or “thanks” You pronounce it “dank-er”

How would you say this in German?

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious.

Yes, thank you, it’s delicious. Ja, danke, es ist lecker.

WORD LIST SO FAR aber - but ja - yes danke - thank you

How would you say this in German?

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic.

Yes, thank you, it’s fantastic. Ja, danke, es ist fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

It’s very good, thanks.

It’s very good, thanks. Es ist sehr gut, danke.

How would you say this in German?

Yes, it is for me, thank you.

Yes, it is for me, thank you. Ja, es ist für mich, danke.

Here’s a new word for you:

immer It means “always” You pronounce it “im-er”

How would you say this in German?

It is always fantastic here.

It is always fantastic here. Es ist immer fantastisch hier.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t always very good here.

It isn’t always very good here. Es ist nicht immer sehr gut hier.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s always beautiful here.

I think it’s always beautiful here. Für mich ist es immer schön hier.

How would you say this in German?

It’s always absolutely delicious.

It’s always absolutely delicious. Es ist immer ganz lecker.

Here’s a perfect little word in German:

perfekt It means “perfect” You pronounce it “perfekt”

How would you say this in German?

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you.

WORD LIST SO FAR aber - but ja - yes danke – thank you immer – always perfekt – perfect

Yes, it’s perfect, thank you. Ja, es ist perfekt, danke.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s perfect.

I think it’s perfect. Für mich ist es perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

It’s absolutely perfect.

It’s absolutely perfect. Es ist ganz perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s absolutely perfect here.

I think it’s absolutely perfect here. Für mich ist es ganz perfekt hier.

How would you say this in German?

It’s always perfect here.

It’s always perfect here. Es ist immer perfekt hier.

Here’s a useful word in German:

das It means “that” You pronounce it “dass”

How would you say this in German?

That for me.

That for me. Das für mich.

If you put the word “das” in front of the word “ist” you get:

das ist It means “that is” You pronounce it “dass isst”

How would you say this in German?

That is good.

That is good. Das ist gut.

How would you say this in German?

That is very good.

That is very good. Das ist sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

That is absolutely fantastic.

That is absolutely fantastic. Das ist ganz fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

That is for me.

That is for me. Das ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

I think that is perfect.

für mich Remember, when you put “für mich” at the start of a sentence, you have to switch the next two words round. For example, look at the difference between the two sentences below: es ist gut it is good für mich ist es gut I think it’s good So, be careful when you say something like “I think that is perfect”; the “das ist” part has to switch round to become “ist das”. das ist gut that is good für mich ist das gut I think that is good

I think that is perfect. Für mich ist das perfekt.

WORD LIST SO FAR aber - but ja - yes danke – thank you immer – always perfekt – perfect das – that das ist – that is

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s always perfect here

2.

It isn’t always perfect here

3.

It’s always absolutely fantastic here

4.

It’s for me, thank you

5.

Yes, it’s for me

6.

It isn’t always good here

7.

It’s always very good

8.

I think that is absolutely perfect

9.

That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me

10. Yes, it’s perfect, thank you

1.

Es ist immer perfekt hier

2.

Es ist nicht immer perfekt hier

3.

Es ist immer ganz fantastisch hier

4.

Es ist für mich, danke

5.

Ja, es ist für mich

6.

Es ist nicht immer gut hier

7.

Es ist immer sehr gut

8.

Für mich ist das ganz perfekt

9.

Das ist lecker aber es ist nicht sehr gut für mich

10. Ja, es ist perfekt, danke

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ja, danke 2. Es ist ganz perfekt 3. Es ist nicht fantastisch aber es ist sehr gut 4. Für mich ist es perfekt 5. Es ist immer ganz fantastisch hier 6. Für mich ist es ganz aussergewöhnlich 7. Es ist immer sehr gut 8. Es ist immer sehr gut hier 9. Ja, das ist für mich, danke 10. Das ist ganz lecker

1. Yes, thank you 2. It’s absolutely perfect 3. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 4. I think it’s perfect 5. It’s always absolutely fantastic here 6. I think it’s absolutely extraordinary 7. It’s always very good 8. It’s always very good here 9. Yes, that’s for me, thank you 10. That is absolutely delicious

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It isn’t fantastic

2.

It’s very good here

3.

It’s good here

4.

It’s delicious

5.

I think it’s absolutely beautiful here

6.

It isn’t very good here

7.

It is absolutely fantastic

8.

I think it’s good

9.

It is fantastic

10. It’s absolutely extraordinary here

1.

Es ist nicht fantastisch

2.

Es ist sehr gut hier

3.

Es ist gut hier

4.

Es ist lecker

5.

Für mich ist es ganz schön hier

6.

Es ist nicht sehr gut hier

7.

Es ist ganz fantastisch

8.

Für mich ist es gut

9.

Es ist fantastisch

10. Es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich hier

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es ist nicht gut 2. Es ist nicht sehr gut für mich 3. Es ist schön 4. Es ist fantastisch 5. Es ist aussergewöhnlich hier 6. Es ist aussergewöhnlich 7. Es ist nicht fantastisch 8. Es ist sehr schön hier 9. Es ist nicht sehr gut hier 10. Es ist nicht sehr aussergewöhnlich

1. It isn't good 2. It isn’t very good for me 3. It’s beautiful 4. It’s fantastic 5. It’s extraordinary here 6. It’s extraordinary 7. It isn’t fantastic 8. It’s very beautiful here 9. It isn’t good here 10. It isn’t very extraordinary

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. beautiful 2. thanks 3. here 4. it is 5. yes 6. very 7. for me 8. that 9. always 10. fantastic 11. good 12. absolutely 13. I think 14. perfect 15. extraordinary 16. but 17. it isn’t 18. delicious 19. that is…

1. schön 2. danke 3. hier 4. es ist 5. ja 6. sehr 7. für mich 8. das 9. immer 10. fantastisch 11. gut 12. ganz 13. für mich 14. perfekt 15. aussergewöhnlich 16. aber 17. es ist nicht 18. lecker 19. das ist…

Danke Before you go, I’d like to say “danke” for buying this book. There are lots of German books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons one to three of my “3 Minute German” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons four to six, and further books after that to continue building your German language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, danke und bis bald!

3 MINUTE GERMAN LESSONS 4 – 6 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hallo und wilkommen (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute German” I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak German. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute German: Lessons 1-3”.The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning German now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the German language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 100 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak German, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 4 LESSON 5 das Restaurant LESSON 6 Danke

LESSON 4 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? always that that is… perfect thank you yes but If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first phrase in German for this lesson:

für ihn It means “for him” You pronounce it “fur een”

How would you say this in German?

It’s for him.

It’s for him. Es ist für ihn.

How would you say this in German?

It’s good for him.

It’s good for him. Es ist gut für ihn.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t for him.

It isn’t for him. Es ist nicht für ihn.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t very good for him.

It isn’t very good for him. Es ist nicht sehr gut für ihn.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t for him; it’s for me.

It isn’t for him; it’s for me. Es ist nicht für ihn; es ist für mich.

This phrase goes nicely with “für ihn” and “für mich”:

für sie It means “for her” You pronounce it “fur zee”

How would you say this in German?

It’s for her.

It’s for her. Es ist für sie.

How would you say this in German?

Yes, it’s very good for her.

Yes, it’s very good for her. Ja, es ist sehr gut für sie.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t for him; it’s for her.

It isn’t for him; it’s for her. Es ist nicht für ihn; es ist für sie.

Here’s your next word in German:

nein It means “no” You pronounce it “nine”

How would you say this in German?

No, thank you.

No, thank you. Nein, danke.

WORD LIST SO FAR für ihn – for him für sie – for her nein – no

How would you say this in German?

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her.

No, it isn’t for me; it’s for her. Nein, es ist nicht für mich; es ist für sie.

How would you say this in German?

No, it isn’t very good.

No, it isn’t very good. Nein, es ist nicht sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

No, it isn’t here.

No, it isn’t here. Nein, es ist nicht hier.

Here’s a new word for you. It’s the opposite of “gut”:

schlecht It means “bad” You pronounce it “shlekt”

How would you say this in German?

It is always very bad here.

It is always very bad here. Es ist immer sehr schlecht hier.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect.

It isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect. Es ist nicht schlecht aber es ist nicht perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s always bad here.

I think it’s always bad here. Für mich ist es immer schlecht hier.

How would you say this in German?

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me.

It’s delicious but it’s very bad for me. Es ist lecker aber es ist sehr schlecht für mich.

Here’s a word you’ll probably recognise:

das Restaurant It means “the restaurant” You pronounce it “dass rest-oh-rant”

das Restaurant Just note that the word “Restaurant” in German has a capital R. In fact, all nouns in German have a capital letter. We’ll talk about this more later but, for now, just remember that “Restaurant” has a capital R in German.

We’ve had the phrase “es ist nicht” and learnt that it means “it isn’t”. Well, if we take away the first part ‘es’, then we get:

ist nicht It means “isn’t” You pronounce it “isst nikt”

So, how would you say this in German?

The restaurant isn’t here.

WORD LIST SO FAR für ihn – for him für sie – for her nein – no schlecht – bad das Restaurant – the restaurant ist nicht – isn’t

The restaurant isn’t here. Das Restaurant ist nicht hier.

How would you say this in German?

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic.

The restaurant isn’t bad but it isn’t fantastic. Das Restaurant ist nicht schlecht aber es ist nicht fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

Paul isn’t here.

Paul isn’t here. Paul ist nicht hier.

How would you say this in German?

Maria isn’t here.

Maria isn’t here. Maria ist nicht hier.

How would you say this in German?

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good.

The restaurant isn’t perfect but it’s very good. Das Restaurant ist nicht perfekt aber es ist sehr gut.

Similarly, we learnt that the phrase “es ist” means “it is”, and if we take off the ‘es’, we get:

ist This means “is” You pronounce it “isst”

How would you say this in German?

The restaurant is good.

The restaurant is good. Das Restaurant ist gut.

How would you say this in German?

The restaurant is here.

The restaurant is here. Das Restaurant ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

Maria is here.

Maria is here. Maria ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

Paul is here.

Paul is here. Paul ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

The restaurant is absolutely perfect.

The restaurant is absolutely perfect. Das Restaurant ist ganz perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

The restaurant here is always very good.

The restaurant here is always very good. Das Restaurant hier ist immer sehr gut.

Here’s your last word for this lesson:

alles It means “everything” You pronounce it “al-ess”

How would you say this in German?

Everything is very good.

Everything is very good. Alles ist sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

Everything is here.

Everything is here. Alles ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

Everything is delicious.

Everything is delicious. Alles ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

Everything is for me.

Everything is for me. Alles ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

I think everything is perfect.

I think everything is perfect. Für mich ist alles perfekt.

Für mich Don’t forget that when you put “für mich” at the start of a sentence you have to switch the next two words around. So, if you say, “I think everything is good”, you say “für mich ist alles gut”

How would you say this in German?

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious.

Everything is very bad for me but it’s absolutely delicious. Alles ist sehr schlecht für mich aber es ist ganz lecker.

WORD LIST SO FAR für ihn – for him für sie – for her nein – no schlecht – bad das Restaurant – the restaurant ist nicht – isn’t ist –is alles – everything

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

That is for him

2.

The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary

3.

That’s the restaurant

4.

Everything here is delicious

5.

It isn’t bad here

6.

The restaurant is very good

7.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

8.

The restaurant is here

9.

That is for her

10. Everything here is very good for me

1.

Das ist für ihn

2.

Das Restaurant ist ganz aussergewöhnlich

3.

Das ist das Restaurant

4.

Alles hier ist lecker

5.

Es ist nicht schlecht hier

6.

Das Restaurant ist sehr gut

7.

Für mich ist das Restaurant fantastisch

8.

Das Restaurant ist hier

9.

Das ist für sie

10. Alles hier ist sehr gut für mich

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Alles ist hier 2. Das Restaurant hier ist fantastisch 3. Es ist nicht schlecht hier 4. Alles ist perfekt 5. Das ist nicht schlecht aber es ist nicht perfekt 6. Das ist für ihn 7. Es ist nicht für ihn; es ist für mich 8. Es ist nicht für sie; es ist für ihn 9. Es ist nicht sehr gut für ihn 10. Alles ist fantastisch, danke

1. Everything is here 2. The restaurant here is fantastic 3. It isn’t bad here 4. Everything is perfect 5. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 6. That is for him 7. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 8. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 9. It isn’t very good for him 10. Everything is fantastic, thank you

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

It’s very good, thank you

2.

That isn’t very good

3.

It’s for me, thank you

4.

It’s very beautiful here

5.

That is very good

6.

It’s extraordinary

7.

It’s extraordinary here

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think it’s good here

10. It’s always fantastic here

1.

Es ist sehr gut, danke

2.

Das ist nicht sehr gut

3.

Es ist für mich, danke

4.

Es ist sehr schön hier

5.

Das ist sehr gut

6.

Es ist aussergewöhnlich

7.

Es ist aussergewöhnlich hier

8.

Es ist ganz lecker

9.

Für mich ist es gut hier

10. Es ist immer fantastisch hier

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ja, es ist sehr gut 2. Es ist sehr schön 3. Ja, es ist ganz lecker 4. Für mich ist es fantastisch 5. Es ist immer sehr gut 6. Es ist nicht sehr lecker 7. Es ist immer fantastisch hier 8. Ja, für mich ist es fantastisch hier 9. Es ist immer sehr schön hier 10. Es ist für mich

1. Yes, it’s very good 2. It’s very beautiful 3. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 4. I think it’s fantastic 5. It’s always very good 6. It isn’t very delicious 7. It’s always fantastic here 8. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 9. It’s always very beautiful here 10. It’s for me

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. the restaurant 2. beautiful 3. is 4. always 5. extraordinary 6. that is… 7. for her 8. it is 9. everything 10. delicious 11. absolutely 12. perfect 13. but 14. it isn’t 15. no 16. yes 17. isn’t 18. for him 19. I think 20. good

21. very 22. for me 23. that 24. fantastic 25. here 26. thank you

1. das Restaurant 2. schön 3. ist 4. immer 5. aussergewöhnlich 6. das ist 7. für sie 8. es ist 9. alles 10. lecker 11. ganz 12. perfekt 13. aber 14. es ist nicht 15. nein 16. ja 17. ist nicht 18. für ihn 19. für mich 20. gut 21. sehr 22. für mich 23. das

24. fantastisch 25. hier 26. danke

LESSON 5 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? for him isn’t no for her everything bad the restaurant is If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a nice word with which to start this lesson:

das Hähnchen It means “the chicken” You pronounce it “dass hen-shen”

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is for me.

The chicken is for me. Das Hähnchen ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

I think the chicken here is delicious.

I think the chicken here is delicious. Für mich ist das Hähnchen hier lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is for him.

The chicken is for him. Das Hähnchen ist für ihn.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is very good.

The chicken is very good. Das Hähnchen ist sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic.

The chicken here is always absolutely fantastic. Das Hähnchen hier ist immer ganz fantastisch.

So, “das Hähnchen” means “the chicken” and here’s another word you’ll probably recognise:

die Pizza It means “the pizza” You pronounce it “dee peet-sah”

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is for her.

The pizza is for her. Die Pizza ist für sie.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is for me.

The pizza is for me. Die Pizza ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza isn’t for me.

The pizza isn’t for me. Die Pizza ist nicht für mich.

So, we’ve learnt that “das Hähnchen” means “the chicken”, “die Pizza” means “the pizza”. Well, let’s add one more food word. You might recognise it:

der Fisch It means “the fish” You pronounce it “dair fish”

How would you say this in German?

The fish is good for her.

The fish is good for her. Der Fisch ist gut für sie.

How would you say this in German?

The fish is for me.

The fish is for me. Der Fisch ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

The fish isn’t delicious.

The fish isn’t delicious. Der Fisch ist nicht lecker.

You may have noticed that I’ve used three different words for “the” in this lesson. I said “das Hähnchen” means “the chicken”, then I said “die Pizza” means “the pizza”, and finally I said that “der Fisch” means “the fish”. Well, there’s an interesting thing about the word “the” in German. Read on…

the In German, there are three words for “the”. One is used in front of something called masculine nouns, one is used in front of something called feminine nouns, and the other is used in front of something called neuter nouns. If you use a masculine noun, you have to use ‘der’, if you use a feminine noun, you have to use ‘die’, and if you use a neuter noun, you have to use ‘das’.

der the (masculine)

die the (feminine)

das the (feminine) How do you know when a noun is masculine, feminine or neuter? Sometimes, you can guess. For example, you can probably guess that “man” is masculine and “woman” is feminine:

der Mann the man

die Frau the woman However, it’s not always so simple; nouns like “table” or “car” don’t have real genders.

The best thing to do is just learn whether a noun is masculine, feminine or neuter, when you first see it. Whenever I give you a new noun I’ll tell you its gender, then you can learn it together:

der Mann the man

der Fisch the fish

das Restaurant the restaurant

das Hähnchen the chicken

die Frau the woman

die Pizza the pizza

What’s a noun? I remember when I started to learn languages, the teacher would throw around these fancy words: noun, adjective, verb and adverb, and I had no idea what she meant. Here’s the simplest definition of a noun that I could find: “If you can put ‘the’ in front of a word, then it’s most probably a noun” The restaurant The chicken The pizza So, that means that words you can put “der”, “die” or “das” in front of in German are nouns. Also, remember that in German, all nouns have to start with a capital letter.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is good.

The chicken is good. Das Hähnchen ist gut.

How would you say this in German?

The fish is good.

The fish is good. Der Fisch ist gut.

WORD LIST SO FAR das Hähnchen – the chicken die Pizza – the pizza der Fisch – the fish der / die / das – the (masculine / feminine / neuter)

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is good.

The pizza is good. Die Pizza ist gut.

What’s an adjective? An adjective is a word that is used to describe something. However, a simpler explanation is this: If you can put “it is” in front of a word, then it’s most probably an adjective. It is good It is fantastic It is delicious It is perfect It is bad The words above are adjectives.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is delicious.

The chicken is delicious. Das Hähnchen ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is delicious.

The pizza is delicious. Die Pizza ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The fish is delicious.

The fish is delicious. Der Fisch ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is perfect.

The chicken is perfect. Das Hähnchen ist perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is perfect.

The pizza is perfect. Die Pizza ist perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

The fish is perfect.

The fish is perfect. Der Fisch ist perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is bad.

The chicken is bad. Das Hähnchen ist schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is bad.

The pizza is bad. Die Pizza ist schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

The fish is bad.

The fish is bad. Der Fisch ist schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

Paul is bad.

Paul is bad. Paul ist schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

Maria is bad.

Maria is bad. Maria ist schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken is fantastic.

The chicken is fantastic. Das Hähnchen ist fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is fantastic.

The pizza is fantastic. Die Pizza ist fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

The fish is fantastic.

The fish is fantastic. Der Fisch ist fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

Paul is beautiful.

Paul is beautiful. Paul ist schön.

How would you say this in German?

Maria is beautiful.

Maria is beautiful. Maria ist schön.

Here’s a word that I always think looks a little like “Shrek-like”:

schrecklich It means “terrible” You pronounce it “shrek-lik”

So, how would you say this in German?

The restaurant is terrible.

WORD LIST SO FAR das Hähnchen – the chicken die Pizza – the pizza der Fisch – the fish der / die / das – the (masculine / feminine / neuter) schrecklich – terrible

The restaurant is terrible. Das Restaurant ist schrecklich.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza is terrible.

The pizza is terrible. Die Pizza ist schrecklich.

How would you say this in German?

It’s terrible here.

It’s terrible here. Es ist schrecklich hier.

How would you say this in German?

I think it’s absolutely terrible.

I think it’s absolutely terrible. Für mich ist es ganz schrecklich.

How would you say this in German?

It’s always terrible here.

It’s always terrible here. Es ist immer schrecklich hier.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible.

It isn’t perfect but it isn’t terrible. Es ist nicht perfekt aber es ist nicht schrecklich.

Food, glorious food Now, if you go on holiday, I presume you’ll want to order something other than chicken, the fish or pizza. So, I’ve created a list of food related vocabulary for you to read through. I’ve called it a “Vocabulary Expansion Section” and you’ll find it at the end of this lesson. I’ve tried to think of as many food or drink items as I possibly could. If you find anything missing, let me know and I’ll add it in. This Vocabulary Expansion Section will add bulk to your German language. You have been building the structure of the German language with the words and phrases I’ve given you so far and you can now decorate it and embellish it with the words from the Vocabulary Expansion Section. Now, obviously, you shouldn’t aim to try and learn every single word on the list as it wouldn’t be very useful and it would take a long time. Instead, start to build your own personal vocabulary by learning a few words you think you’ll use regularly. For example, if you really love cheese, you can find and learn the word “der Käse”. Add a few words every week or so and pretty soon you’ll have a nice collection in your brain.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Everything is terrible

2.

The chicken is absolutely delicious

3.

The chicken is absolutely terrible

4.

The fish is very good

5.

The pizza is very good

6.

The pizza is for her

7.

The fish is perfect

8.

The chicken is delicious

9.

The pizza is for me

10. The fish is delicious

1.

Alles ist schrecklich

2.

Das Hähnchen ist ganz lecker

3.

Das Hähnchen ist ganz schrecklich

4.

Der Fisch ist sehr gut

5.

Die Pizza ist sehr gut

6.

Die Pizza ist für sie

7.

Der Fisch ist perfekt

8.

Das Hähnchen ist lecker

9.

Die Pizza ist für mich

10. Der Fisch ist lecker

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Die Pizza ist sehr gut 2. Alles ist schrecklich 3. Das Hähnchen ist fantastisch 4. Der Fisch ist sehr gut 5. Das Hähnchen ist perfekt 6. Das Hähnchen ist ganz schrecklich 7. Die Pizza ist lecker 8. Der Fisch ist sehr gut aber die Pizza ist aussergewöhnlich 9. Die Pizza ist für mich 10. Alles ist immer schrecklich hier

1. The pizza is very good 2. Everything is terrible 3. The chicken is fantastic 4. The fish is very good 5. The chicken is perfect 6. The chicken is absolutely terrible 7. The pizza is delicious 8. The fish is very good but the pizza is extraordinary 9. The pizza is for me 10. Everything is always terrible here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I think it’s absolutely fantastic

2.

It’s absolutely beautiful

3.

It’s fantastic

4.

It isn’t good here

5.

That isn’t very good

6.

It’s for me

7.

It isn’t for her

8.

It’s always very beautiful here

9.

That for me, thank you

10. I think it’s good

1.

Für mich ist es ganz fantastisch

2.

Es ist ganz schön

3.

Es ist fantastisch

4.

Es ist nicht gut hier

5.

Das ist nicht sehr gut

6.

Es ist für mich

7.

Es ist nicht für ihn

8.

Es ist immer sehr schön hier

9.

Das für mich, danke

10. Für mich ist es gut

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Das ist nicht sehr gut 2. Es ist nicht immer gut hier 3. Es ist nicht gut hier 4. Es ist aussergewöhnlich 5. Ja, es ist für mich 6. Alles ist schön hier 7. Das Restaurant ist nicht schlecht 8. Das ist nicht schlecht aber es ist nicht perfekt 9. Es ist nicht sehr gut für sie 10. Das ist für sie

1. That isn’t very good 2. It isn’t always good here 3. It isn’t good here 4. It’s extraordinary 5. Yes, it’s for me 6. Everything is beautiful here 7. The restaurant isn’t bad 8. That isn’t bad but it isn’t perfect 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. That is for her

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. isn’t 2. is 3. for him 4. good 5. it isn’t 6. yes 7. extraordinary 8. very 9. the chicken 10. fantastic 11. the restaurant 12. but 13. for me 14. everything 15. I think 16. thank you 17. always 18. perfect 19. terrible 20. for her

21. no 22. that is… 23. it is 24. beautiful 25. absolutely 26. that 27. the pizza 28. here 29. delicious

1. ist nicht 2. ist 3. für ihn 4. gut 5. es ist nicht 6. ja 7. aussergewöhnlich 8. sehr 9. das Hähnchen 10. fantastisch 11. das Restaurant 12. aber 13. für mich 14. alles 15. für mich 16. danke 17. immer 18. perfekt 19. schrecklich 20. für sie 21. nein 22. das ist… 23. es ist

24. schön 25. aussergewöhnlich 26. das 27. die Pizza 28. hier 29. lecker

Vocabulary Expansion Section

das Restaurant

at the restaurant

You’ll notice that I’ve placed various additions to the end of most of the words in the Vocabulary Expansion Section. There are two different things. Firstly, you’ll see a comma followed by a hyphen and a letter. For example:

eine Salatgurke, -n

a cucumber

This is to show you how to make the word plural. With the word above, you add an ‘n’ to the end to make it plural. So, “Salatgurken” means “cucumbers”. Secondly, some of the words have either (n) or (m) after them. This is to show you if the word is masculine or neuter. Masculine words have a (m) after them and neuter words have a (n). Some of the words are obvious, so I’ve not clarified them. For example, if a word has “die” or “eine” in front of it, it must be feminine; if a word has “der” in front of it, it must be masculine; if a word has “das” in front of it, it must be neuter. The only fuzzy area would be if a word has “ein” in front of it; this could be masculine or neuter, therefore with these words, I’ve added the (n) or the (m). Finally, there’s the odd word that has another bracket before the plural section. For example:

eine Drachenfrucht, (ü) -e

a dragonfruit

This means, to make this word plural, you not only have to add the “e” to the end, but you also have to put an umlaut over the “u”. So, it would become “Drachenfrüchte”.

der Salat eine Salatgurke, -n ein Kopfsalat, -e (m) eine Zwiebel, -n eine Tomate, -n die Sellerie, -s ein Paprika, -s (m) der Spinat, -e ein Radieschen, - (n) eine Rote Beete, -n die Kresse, -n die Salatsoße, -n die Croûtons

the salad a cucumber a lettuce an onion a tomato the celery a pepper the spinach a radish a beetroot the cress salad dressing croutons

das Fleisch das Lammfleisch das Steak gut durchgebraten halb-durch blutig englisch die Puter der Schinken das Schweinefleisch das Hähnchen das Rindfleisch das Ziegenfleisch das Pferdefleisch die Wurst, (ü)-e die Ente, -n das Kaninchen, das Kalbfleisch das Hirschfleisch das Perlhuhn, (ü)-er die Wachtel, -n eine Leber eine Niere

the meant the lamb the steak well done medium-rare rare blue the turkey the ham the pork the chicken the beef the goat meat the horse meat the sausage the duck the rabbit the veal the venison the guinea-fowl the quail a liver a kidney

der Fisch der Lachs, -e der Thunfisch, -e der Forelle, -n der Kabeljau, -e der Schellfisch, -e die Scholle, -n die Seezunge, -n der Seeteufel, -

the fish the salmon the tuna the trout the cod the haddock the plaice the sole the monkfish

das Gemüse

the vegetables

eine Karotte, -n a carrot ein Champignon, -s (m) a mushroom ein Blumenkohl, - (m) a cauliflower eine Bohne, -n a bean der Zuckermais, the sweet corn die Erbse , -n the peas eine Kartoffel, -n a potato ein Kohl, -e (m) a cabbage ein Spargel, - (m) an asparagus ein Brokkoli, - (m) a broccoli ein Lauch , -e (m) a leek eine Aubergine, -n an aubergine eine Stangenbohne , -n a runner bean eine Gartenbohne, -n a green bean die Zuckererbse, -n the mangetout ein Pastinak, -e (m) a parsnip ein Kürbis, -se (m) a pumpkin ein Speisekürbis, -se (m) a marrow ein Zucchino, -ini (m) a courgette eine Essiggurke, -n a gherkin ein Rosenkohl, - (m) a Brussels sprout eine Artischocke, -n an artichoke eine Rübe, -n a turnip eine Kohlrübe, -n a swede eine Batate, -n a sweet potato eine Kichererbse, -n a chickpea eine Linse, -n a lentil eine Sojabohne, -n a soy bean

die Meeresfrüchte eine Garnele, -n ein Kaisergranat, -e (m) die Scampi eine Auster, -n eine Muschel, -n ein Hummer, - (m) eine Krabbe, -n ein Kalmar, -e (m) ein Tintenfisch, -e (m) eine Sardelle, -n

the seafood a prawn a large prawn the scampi an oyster a mussel a lobster a crab a squid/ calamari an octopus an anchovy

die anderen Sachen die Pastete der Käse, ein hart gekocht Ei, -er (n) ein weich gekocht Ei, -er (n) ein Spiegelei, -er (n) das Rührei, -er (n) ein Omelett, -e (n) die Suppe, -n die Getreideflocken , -n der Haferbrei, -e die Haferflocken das Müsli, -s der Reis, -er die Teigwaren die Nudeln die Pommes Frites die Kartoffelchips der Krabbencocktail, -s ein Sandwich, -s (n) ein Hamburger, - (m) ein Hotdog, -s (n) ein Kebab, - (m)

the other things the pâté the cheese a hard-boiled egg a soft boiled egg a fried egg the scrambled eggs an omelette the soup the cereal the porridge the porrige oats the muesli the rice the pasta the noodles the chips the crisps the prawn cocktail a sandwich a hamburger a hot dog a kebab

die Gewürze usw. das Salz der Pfeffer der Essig der Senf die Minzsoße der Zucker der Honig ein Süβstoff, -e (m) der Knoblauch die Marmelade der Ketschup die Steaksoße die Sojasoße die Mayonnaise das (Oliven)öl die Aioli die Butter das (Weiß)Brot das Mischbrot der Toast der Joghurt

the condiments etc… the salt the pepper the vinegar the mustard the mint sauce the sugar the honey a sweetener the garlic the marmalade the tomato sauce the brown sauce the soy sauce the mayonnaise the (olive) oil the garlic mayonnaise the butter the (white) bread the brown bread the toast the yoghurt

der Nachtisch ein Kuchen, - (m) ein Eis, - (n) Erdbeere Vanilla Schokolade Minze die Bonbons ein Pfannkuchen, - (m) die Schokolade, -n ein Obstkuchen, - (m) die Sahne ein Keks, -e (n) ein Cracker, - (m) ein Muffin, -s (m) die Vanillesoße der Crème Brûlée eine Mousse, -s der Rhabarber der Obstsalat, -e der Fruchtcocktail, (ü)-s

the desserts a cake an ice cream strawberry vanilla chocolate mint the sweets a pancake the chocolate a fruit pie the cream a biscuit a cracker a muffin the custard the crème brulée a mousse the rhubarb a fruit salad a fruit cocktail

das Obst

the fruit

eine Ananas, a pineapple eine Banane, -n a banana eine Erdbeere, -n a strawberry eine Himbeere, -n a raspberry eine Orange, -n an orange eine Grapefruit, -s a grapefruit eine Wassermelone, -n a watermelon ein Pfirsich, -e (m) a peach eine Birne, -n a pear ein Apfel, (Ä)- (m) an apple eine Weintraube, -n a grape eine Rosine, -n a raisin eine Heidelbeere, -n a blueberry eine Nektarine, -n a nectarine eine Pflaume, -n a plum eine Zitrone, -n a lemon eine Limone, -n a lime eine Klementine, -n a clementine eine Satsuma, -s a satsuma eine Tangerine, -n a tangerine eine Aprikose, -n an apricot eine Kirsche, -n a cherry eine Brombeere, -n a blackberry eine Wacholderbeere, -n a juniper berry eine Avocado, -s an avocado eine Schwarze Johannisbeere, -n a blackcurrant eine Dattel, -n a date eine Drachenfrucht, (ü)-e a dragonfruit eine Passionsfrucht, (ü)-e a passion fruit eine Stachelbeere, -n a gooseberry eine Guave, -n a guava eine Kiwi, -s a kiwi eine Kumquat, -s a kumquat eine Litschi, -s a lychee

eine Mango, -s eine Melone, -n eine Honigmelone, -n eine Warzenmelone, -n ein Grenatapfel, (äpfel)eine Kapstachelbeere, -n eine Preiselbeere, -n eine Erdnuss, (ü)-se eine Walnuss, (ü)-se eine Pistazie, -n eine Haselnuss, (ü)-e eine Olive, -n

a mango a melon a honeydew melon a cantaloupe a pomegranate a physalis a cranberry a peanut a walnut a pistachio a hazelnut an olive

die Getränks ein Kaffee, -s (m) ein Tee, -s (m) mit Milch ein Wasser, (ä)- (n) sprudel stilles Leitungswasser ein (Obst)Saft, (ä)-e (m) ein Tonic, -s (n) eine Cola, -s die Milch, -en eine Limonade, -n diät… ein Wein, -e (m) Rotwein Weisswein Roséwein ein Bier, -e (n) ein Lagerbier, -e (n) ein Apfelwein, -e (m) ein Sherry, -s (m) ein Cognac, -s (m) ein Whisky, -s (m) ein Gin, -s (m) ein Likör, -e (m) ein Wodka, - (m) ein Wermutwein, -e (m) ein Martini, -s (m) ein Rum, -s (m) ein Portwein, -e (m) ein Mixgetränk, -e (n) mit Eis

the drinks a coffee a tea with milk a water sparkling still tap water a (fruit) juice a tonic water a cola the milk a lemonade diet… a wine red wine white wine rosé wine a beer a lager a cider a sherry a brandy a whisky a gin a liqueur a vodka a vermouth a Martini a rum a port a cocktail with ice

das Besteck ein Messer, - (n) ein Buttermesser, - (n) ein Brotmesser, - (n) ein Käsemesser, - (n) ein Tranchiermesser, - (n) ein Fischmesser, - (n) ein Steakmesser, - (n) ein Löffel, - (m) ein Teelöffel, - (m) ein Suppenlöffel, - (m) eine Gabel, -n ein Teller, - (m) eine Schüssel, -n (f) eine Tasse, -n (f) ein Glas, (ä)-er (n) ein Zahnstocher, - (m) eine Serviette, -n ein Eiseimer, - (m) eine Kanne, -n

the cutlery a knife a butter knife a bread knife a cheese knife a carving knife a fish knife a steak knife a spoon a teaspoon a soup spoon a fork a plate a bowl a cup a glass a toothpick a napkin an ice bucket a waterjug

LESSON 6 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? the chicken the pizza the fish the (masculine / feminine / neuter) terrible If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

mein It means “my” You pronounce it “mine”

How would you say this in German?

My chicken is delicious.

My chicken is delicious. Mein Hähnchen ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

My restaurant is here.

My restaurant is here. Mein Restaurant ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

My chicken is here.

My chicken is here. Mein Hähnchen ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

My chicken is very good.

My chicken is very good. Mein Hähnchen ist sehr gut.

Here’s your next German word. You’ll probably recognise it:

das Hotel It means “the hotel” You pronounce it “dass hoh-tell”

How would you say this in German?

The hotel is very good.

The hotel is very good. Das Hotel ist sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

The hotel isn’t bad.

The hotel isn’t bad. Das Hotel ist nicht schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

My hotel is fantastic.

My hotel is fantastic. Mein Hotel ist fantastisch.

Here’s a useful phrase in German:

jedermann It means “everybody” or “everyone” You pronounce it “yeh-der-man”

J The letter J in German is always pronounced like a Y. So far, we’ve had “ja”, which means “yes”, and “jedermann”, which means “everybody”. ja – yes (yar) jedermann – everybody (yeh-der-man)

How would you say this in German?

Everybody is here.

Everybody is here. Jedermann ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

Everybody is fantastic.

Everybody is fantastic. Jedermann ist fantastisch.

WORD LIST SO FAR mein – my das Hotel – the hotel jedermann – everybody / everyone

How would you say this in German?

Everybody is always fantastic here.

Everybody is always fantastic here. Jedermann ist immer fantastisch hier.

Here’s a nice word:

nett It means “nice” You pronounce it “net”

How would you say this in German?

It’s nice here.

It’s nice here. Es ist nett hier.

How would you say this in German?

Everybody is nice.

Everybody is nice. Jedermann ist nett.

How would you say this in German?

Everybody here is nice.

Everybody here is nice. Jedermann hier ist nett.

How would you say this in German?

Everybody here is always very nice.

Everybody here is always very nice. Jedermann hier ist immer sehr nett.

German MY We learnt last lesson that the Germans have three words for “the”: DER, DIE and DAS. Well, the Germans also have three words for “my”: MEIN, MEINE and MEIN. Really, it’s only two words because the first and third are the same. But we’ll treat them as three because as we progress through German, you’ll see that we use them a little differently. MEIN is for masculine words, MEINE is for feminine words, and MEIN is for neuter words.

mein my (masculine)

meine my (feminine)

mein my (neuter) So, you use “mein” in front of masculine nouns, “meine” in front of feminine nouns, and “mein” in front of neuter nouns. For example: mein Fisch – my fish meine Pizza – my pizza mein Hähnchen – my chicken

How would you say this in German?

My chicken is good.

My chicken is good. Mein Hähnchen ist gut.

How would you say this in German?

My pizza is delicious.

My pizza is delicious. Meine Pizza ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

My hotel is terrible.

My hotel is terrible. Mein Hotel ist schrecklich.

How would you say this in German?

My pizza is very bad.

My pizza is very bad. Meine Pizza ist sehr schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

My fish is very bad.

My fish is very bad. Mein Fisch ist sehr schlecht.

How would you say this in German?

My pizza is absolutely perfect.

My pizza is absolutely perfect. Meine Pizza ist ganz perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

My chicken is absolutely perfect.

My chicken is absolutely perfect. Mein Hähnchen ist ganz perfekt.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

My hotel is very good

2.

The hotel is very good

3.

That is my pizza

4.

My hotel isn’t very good

5.

Everybody is here

6.

The hotel is fantastic

7.

Everybody is very nice

8.

The hotel is terrible

9.

The hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary

10. My fish is delicious

1.

Mein Hotel ist sehr gut

2.

Das Hotel ist sehr gut

3.

Das ist meine Pizza

4.

Mein Hotel ist nicht gut

5.

Jedermann ist hier

6.

Das Hotel ist fantastisch

7.

Jedermann ist sehr nett

8.

Das Hotel ist schrecklich

9.

Das Hotel ist schrecklich aussergewöhnlich

10. Mein Fisch ist lecker

aber

das

Restaurant

ist

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Mein Hotel ist sehr gut 2. Meine Pizza ist perfekt 3. Mein Hähnchen ist schrecklich 4. Das ist nicht mein Hähnchen 5. Für mich ist jedermann sehr nett 6. Mein Fisch ist hier 7. Das Hotel ist sehr gut 8. Das Hotel ist fantastisch 9. Jedermann ist hier 10. Jedermann ist immer nett hier

1. My hotel is very good 2. My pizza is perfect 3. My chicken is terrible 4. That isn’t my chicken 5. I think everybody is very nice 6. My fish is here 7. The hotel is very good 8. The hotel is fantastic 9. Everybody is here 10. Everybody is always nice here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It isn’t very good for me

2.

The restaurant is very good

3.

It’s very good, thank you

4.

It isn’t good; it’s fantastic

5.

The chicken is fantastic

6.

It isn’t delicious

7.

That’s the chicken

8.

That isn’t very good

9.

Not for me

10. It’s always absolutely perfect

1.

Es ist nicht sehr gut für mich

2.

Das Restaurant ist sehr gut

3.

Es ist sehr gut, danke

4.

Es ist nicht gut ; es ist fantastisch

5.

Das Hähnchen ist fantastisch

6.

Es ist nicht lecker

7.

Das ist das Hähnchen

8.

Das ist nicht sehr gut

9.

Nicht für mich

10. Es ist immer ganz perfekt

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es ist nicht für sie; es ist für ihn 2. Das Restaurant ist ganz aussergewöhnlich 3. Alles ist perfekt 4. Für mich ist die Pizza ganz perfekt 5. Es ist nicht für sie; es ist für mich 6. Das Restaurant hier ist fantastisch 7. Es ist ganz lecker 8. Es ist nicht für mich 9. Es ist immer hier 10. Es ist immer fantastisch hier

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 2. The restaurant is absolutely extraordinary 3. Everything is perfect 4. I think the pizza is absolutely perfect 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The restaurant here is fantastic 7. It’s absolutely delicious 8. It isn’t for me 9. It’s always here 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. very 2. is 3. but 4. beautiful 5. delicious 6. the hotel 7. everything 8. my 9. it isn’t 10. absolutely 11. that is… 12. yes 13. the chicken 14. good 15. for her 16. nice 17. it is 18. extraordinary 19. perfect 20. no

21. here 22. the pizza 23. for me 24. thank you 25. everybody 26. fantastic 27. I think 28. that 29. terrible 30. always 31. for him 32. the restaurant 33. isn’t 34. the fish

1. sehr 2. ist 3. aber 4. schön 5. lecker 6. das Hotel 7. alles 8. mein 9. es ist nicht 10. ganz 11. das ist… 12. ja 13. das Hähnchen 14. gut 15. für sie 16. nett 17. es ist 18. aussergewöhnlich 19. perfekt 20. nein 21. nier 22. die Pizza 23. für mich

24. danke 25. jedermann 26. fantastisch 27. für mich 28. das 29. schrecklich 30. immer 31. für ihn 32. das Restaurant 33. ist nicht 34. der Fisch

Danke Before you go, I’d like to say “danke” for buying this book. There are lots of German books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons four to six of my “3 Minute German” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons seven to nine, and further books after that to continue building your German language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, danke und bis bald!

3 MINUTE GERMAN LESSONS 7 – 9 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hallo und wilkommen (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute German” I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak German. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute German: Lessons 4-6”.The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning German now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the German language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 100 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak German, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 7 die Nummern LESSON 8 LESSON 9 Danke

LESSON 7 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? my (masculine / feminine / neuter) the hotel nice everybody / everyone If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

ein It means “a” You pronounce it “eye-n”

The German A So far, we’ve seen that the Germans have three words for “the”:

der / die / das We also learnt about the three words for “my”:

mein / meine / mein Well, it’ll come as no surprise, therefore, to learn that the Germans have three words for “a”:

ein / eine / ein “a” (masculine / feminine / neuter) You pronounce “ein” as “eye-n”. You pronounce “eine” as “eye-neh”.

How would you say this in German?

A chicken.

A chicken. Ein Hähnchen.

How would you say this in German?

A pizza.

A pizza. Eine Pizza.

How would you say this in German?

A restaurant.

A restaurant. Ein Restaurant.

How would you say this in German?

A fish.

A restaurant. Ein Fisch.

Here’s a useful word if you ever find yourself thirsty in Germany:

ein Kaffee It means “a coffee” and it’s a masculine word You pronounce it “eye-n kah-fay”

How would you say this in German?

A coffee for me.

A coffee for me. Ein Kaffee für mich.

Keep in mind that coffee is masculine in German. So, how would you say this?

The coffee here is delicious.

The coffee here is delicious. Der Kaffee hier ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

My coffee is terrible.

My coffee is terrible. Mein Kaffee ist schrecklich.

If you don’t really like coffee, perhaps this word might take your fancy:

ein Tee It means “a tea” and it is another masculine noun You pronounce it “eye-n tee”

How would you say this in German?

A tea for me.

A tea for me. Ein Tee für mich.

How would you say this in German?

The tea here is terrible.

The tea here is terrible. Der Tee hier ist schrecklich.

WORD LIST SO FAR ein / eine / ein – a ein Kaffee – a coffee ein Tee – a tea

How would you say this in German?

My tea is absolutely delicious.

My tea is absolutely delicious. Mein Tee ist ganz lecker.

We learnt previously that the word “danke” means “thank you” in German. Well, manners cost nothing, so here’s another word:

bitte It means “please” You pronounce it “bitter”

How would you say this in German?

A tea for me, please.

A tea for me, please. Ein Tee für mich, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

A coffee for him, please.

A coffee for him, please. Ein Kaffee für ihn, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza for me, please.

The pizza for me, please. Die Pizza für mich, bitte.

The fish for me, please.

The fish for me, please. Der Fisch für mich, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

The chicken for her, please.

The chicken for her, please. Das Hähnchen für sie, bitte.

Here’s an extremely useful phrase in German:

ich möchte It means “I would like” You pronounce it “ik murk-ter”

How would you say this in German?

I would like the chicken, please.

I would like the chicken, please. Ich möchte das Hähnchen, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a pizza for me.

I would like a pizza for me. Ich möchte eine Pizza für mich.

How would you say this in German?

I would like that, please.

I would like that, please. Ich möchte das, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

I would like the pizza.

I would like the pizza. Ich möchte die Pizza.

ich möchte There’s an exciting thing that happens with “ich möchte” from time to time. Remember how there are three words for “the” (der, die, das), three words for “my” (mein, meine, mein), and three words for “a” (ein, eine, ein)? Well, if you take the masculine version of each one of those words (der, mein, ein) and put it after “ich möchte”, they change slightly. Let’s take “the fish” as an example, seeing as it’s a masculine word. the fish = der Fisch I would like the fish = ich möchte den Fisch a fish = ein Fisch I would like a fish = ich möchte einen Fisch my fish = mein Fisch I would like my fish = ich möchte meinen Fisch Can you see how the words for “my”, “the” and “a” change when they come after “ich möchte”? der becomes den ein becomes einen mein becomes meinen This only happens with the masculine words, not with the feminine or neuter words. Have a look at these examples on the next page using a masculine word “Fisch”, a feminine word “Pizza” and a neuter word “Hähnchen”:

the fish = der Fisch I would like the fish = ich möchte den Fisch the pizza = die Pizza I would like the pizza = ich möchte die Pizza the chicken = das Hähnchen I would like the chicken = ich möchte das Hähnchen ___________________________ a fish = ein Fisch I would like a fish = ich möchte einen Fisch a pizza = eine Pizza I would like a pizza = ich möchte eine Pizza a chicken = ein Hähnchen I would like a chicken = ich möchte ein Hähnchen ___________________________ my fish = mein Fisch I would like my fish = ich möchte meinen Fisch my pizza = meine Pizza I would like my pizza = ich möchte meine Pizza my chicken = mein Hähnchen I would like my chicken = ich möchte mein Hähnchen ___________________________

So, that’s what happens after the phrase “ich möchte”. We’ll look at it in a bit more detail in a later lesson, but for now, just remember that if you use a masculine noun after “ich möchte” then you have to make the following changes to the words for “the”, “a” and “my”: der becomes den ein becomes einen mein becomes meinen

How would you say this in German?

I would like a tea.

I would like a tea. Ich möchte einen Tee.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a coffee, please.

I would like a coffee, please. Ich möchte einen Kaffee, bitte.

Here’s your next German word:

eine Reservierung It means “a reservation” You pronounce it “eye-neh res-er-feer-unk”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a reservation.

I would like a reservation. Ich möchte eine Reservierung.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a reservation, please.

I would like a reservation, please. Ich möchte eine Reservierung, bitte.

Now, if you don’t want to dine alone, you might want a reservation for:

zwei Personen It means “two people” You pronounce it “tsveye pair-zoh-nenn”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a reservation for two people, please.

I would like a reservation for two people, please. Ich möchte eine Reservierung für zwei Personen, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

It’s for two people.

It’s for two people. Es ist für zwei Personen.

How would you say this in German?

It’s perfect for two people.

It’s perfect for two people. Es ist perfekt für zwei Personen.

How would you say this in German?

It isn’t very good for two people.

It isn’t very good for two people. Es ist nicht sehr gut für zwei Personen.

Here’s your next word in German:

ein Tisch It means “a table” and it’s a masculine noun You pronounce it “eye-n tish”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a table.

I would like a table. Ich möchte einen Tisch.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a table, please.

I would like a table, please. Ich möchte einen Tisch, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a table for two people, please.

I would like a table for two people, please. Ich möchte einen Tisch für zwei Personen, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

A table for two, please.

A table for two, please. Ein Tisch für zwei, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a table for three.

I would like a table for three. Ich möchte einen Tisch für drei.

A table for fifty! Remember how I put in a Vocabulary Expansion Section earlier on? It had food and drink related vocabulary. Well, I’ve put another Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you, too. This time, it includes all the numbers in German from zero to a thousand. If you try and learn one to twelve off by heart, you will be able to get by in most situations.

WORD LIST SO FAR ein / eine / ein – a ein Kaffee (masculine) – a coffee ein Tee (masculine) – a tea bitte – please ich möchte (if used with masculine: einen / meinen / den) – I would like eine Reservierung – a reservation zwei Personen – two people ein Tisch (masculine) – a table

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The pizza for him, please

2.

A table for two, please

3.

A tea for him

4.

I would like a reservation for two people, please

5.

I would like a table for three people, please

6.

A coffee for me

7.

I would like the chicken, please

8.

I would like a table for five people, please

9.

I would like a coffee, please

10. I would like a tea, please

1.

Die Pizza für ihn, bitte

2.

Ein Tisch für zwei, bitte

3.

Ein Tee für ihn

4.

Ich möchte eine Reservierung für zwei Personen, bitte

5.

Ich mochte einen Tisch für drei Personen, bitte

6.

Ein Kaffee für mich

7.

Ich möchte das Hähnchen, bitte

8.

Ich möchte einen Tisch für fünf Personen, bitte

9.

Ich möchte einen Kaffee, bitte

10. Ich möchte einen Tee, bitte

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ein Tisch für fünf Personen, bitte 2. Die Pizza für ihn, bitte 3. Mein Tee ist ganz schrecklich 4. Ich möchte eine Reservierung, bitte 5. Ein Tisch für zwei, bitte 6. Mein Kaffee ist sehr gut 7. Ich möchte einen Tisch für acht Personen, bitte 8. Mein Kaffee ist schrecklich 9. Ich möchte das Hähnchen, bitte 10. Ich möchte eine Reservierung für zwei

1. A table for five people, please 2. The pizza for him, please 3. My tea is absolutely terrible 4. I would like a reservation, please 5. A table for two, please 6. My coffee is very good 7. I would like a table for eight people, please 8. My coffee is terrible 9. I would like the chicken, please 10. I would like a reservation for two

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It’s absolutely beautiful

2.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

3.

My chicken is terrible

4.

It’s absolutely delicious

5.

The chicken is very good

6.

I think it’s delicious

7.

I think everybody is very nice

8.

It’s here

9.

Everything is here

10. I think everything is perfect

1.

Es ist ganz schön

2.

Für mich ist das Restaurant fantastisch

3.

Mein Hähnchen ist schrecklich

4.

Es ist ganz lecker

5.

Das Hähnchen ist sehr gut

6.

Für mich ist es lecker

7.

Für mich ist jedermann sehr nett

8.

Es ist hier

9.

Alles ist hier

10. Für mich ist alles perfekt

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ja, es ist ganz lecker 2. Es ist immer sehr gut hier 3. Für mich ist es ganz schön hier 4. Die Pizza ist für sie 5. Jedermann ist hier 6. Es ist nicht gut; es ist ganz fantastisch 7. Mein Hotel ist hier 8. Alles ist hier 9. Es ist ganz schön 10. Für mich ist es sehr gut hier

1. Yes, it’s absolutely delicious 2. It’s always very good here 3. I think it’s absolutely beautiful here 4. The pizza is for her 5. Everybody is here 6. It isn’t good here; it’s absolutely fantastic 7. My hotel is here 8. Everything is here 9. It’s absolutely beautiful 10. I think it’s very good here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. for him 2. no 3. the chicken 4. a coffee 5. perfect 6. the restaurant 7. always 8. extraordinary 9. fantastic 10. it isn’t 11. yes 12. nice 13. here 14. the pizza 15. very 16. two people 17. delicious 18. a table 19. beautiful 20. everything

21. a tea 22. for her 23. everybody 24. is 25. it is 26. thank you 27. the hotel 28. I think 29. for me 30. a 31. terrible 32. a reservation 33. but 34. my 35. I would like 36. absolutely 37. please 38. good 39. isn’t 40. that 41. that is…

1. für ihn 2. nein 3. das Hähnchen 4. ein Kaffee 5. perfekt 6. das Restaurant 7. immer 8. aussergewöhnlich 9. fantastisch 10. es ist nicht 11. ja 12. nett 13. hier 14. die Pizza 15. sehr 16. zwei Personen 17. lecker 18. ein Tisch (masculine) 19. schön 20. alles 21. ein Tee 22. für sie 23. jedermann

24. ist 25. es ist 26. danke 27. das Hotel 28. für mich 29. für mich 30. ein 31. schrecklich 32. eine Reservierung 33. aber 34. mein 35. ich möchte (einen / meinen / den = if masculine) 36. ganz 37. bitte 38. gut 39. ist nicht 40. das 41. das ist…

Vocabulary Expansion Section

die Nummern

the numbers

0-10 0

null

1

ein

2

zwei

3

drei

4

vier

5

fünf

6

sechs

7

sieben

8

acht

9

neun

10

zehn

11-20 11

elf

12

zwölf

13

dreizehn

14

vierzehn

15

fünfzehn

16

sechzehn

17

siebzehn

18

achtzehn

19

neunzehn

20

zwanzig

21-30 21

einundzwanzig

22

zweiundzwanzig

23

dreiundzwanzig

24

vierundzwanzig

25

fünfundzwanzig

26

sechsundzwanzig

27

siebenundzwanzig

28

achtundzwanzig

29

neunundzwanzig

30

dreißig

31-40 31

einunddreißig

32

zweiunddreißig

33

dreiunddreißig

34

vierunddreißig

35

fünfunddreißig

36

sechsunddreißig

37

siebenunddreißig

38

achtunddreißig

39

neununddreißig

40

vierzig

41-50 41

einundvierzig

42

zweiundvierzig

43

dreiundvierzig

44

vierundvierzig

45

fünfundvierzig

46

sechsundvierzig

47

siebenundvierzig

48

achtundvierzig

49

neunundvierzig

50

fünfzig

51-60 51

einundfünfzig

52

zweiundfünfzig

53

dreiundfünfzig

54

vierundfünfzig

55

fünfundfünfzig

56

sechsundfünfzig

57

siebenundfünfzig

58

achtundfünfzig

59

neunundfünfzig

60

sechzig

61-70 61

einundsechzig

62

zweiundsechzig

63

dreiundsechzig

64

vierundsechzig

65

fünfundsechzig

66

sechsundsechzig

67

siebenundsechzig

68

achtundsechzig

69

neunundsechzig

70

siebzig

71-80 71

einundsiebzig

72

zweiundsiebzig

73

dreiundsiebzig

74

vierundsiebzig

75

fünfundsiebzig

76

sechsundsiebzig

77

siebenundsiebzig

78

achtundsiebzig

79

neunundsiebzig

80

achtzig

81-90 81

einundachtzig

82

zweiundachtzig

83

dreiundachtzig

84

vierundachtzig

85

fünfundachtzig

86

sechsundachtzig

87

siebenundachtzig

88

achtundachtzig

89

neunundachtzig

90

neunzig

91-100 91

einundneunzig

92

zweiundneunzig

93

dreiundneunzig

94

vierundneunzig

95

fünfundneunzig

96

sechsundneunzig

97

siebenundneunzig

98

achtundneunzig

99

neunundneunzig

100

hundert

101-110 101

hunderteins

102

hundertzwei

103

hundertdrei

104

hundertvier

105

hundertfünf

106

hundertsechs

107

hundertsieben

108

hundertacht

109

hundertneun

110

hundertzehn

200-210 200

zweihundert

201

zweihunderteins

202

zweihundertzwei

203

zweihundertdrei

204

zweihundertvier

205

zweihundertfünf

206

zweihundertsechs

207

zweihundertsieben

208

zweihundertacht

209

zweihundertneun

210

zweihundertzehn

300-1000 300 301 302 303 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

dreihundert dreihunderteins dreihundertzwei dreihundertdrei vierhundert fünfhundert sechshundert siebenhundert achthundert neunhundert tausend

LESSON 8 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? a (masculine / feminine / neuter) a tea a table I would like two people please a coffee a reservation If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

das Essen It means “the food” You pronounce it “dass ess-en”

How would you say this in German?

The food is here.

The food is here. Das Essen ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

The food is delicious.

The food is delicious. Das Essen ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The food here is always very good.

The food here is always very good. Das Essen hier ist immer sehr gut.

Here’s a useful little linking word in German:

und It means “and” You pronounce it “unt”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a tea and a coffee.

I would like a tea and a coffee. Ich möchte einen Tee und einen Kaffee.

How would you say this in German?

I would like the chicken for me and the pizza for him.

I would like the chicken for me and the pizza for him. Ich möchte das Hähnchen für mich und die Pizza für ihn.

How would you say this in German?

Maria and Paul.

Maria and Paul. Maria und Paul.

This is a nice little word:

auch It means “also” You pronounce it “owk”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a tea and also a coffee.

I would like a tea and also a coffee. Ich möchte einen Tee und auch einen Kaffee.

How would you say this in German?

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please.

auch & für mich We learnt in the very first lesson that, when you put “für mich” at the start of a sentence, something extraordinary happens; the next two words switch around. Well, this same thing happens when you put “auch” at the start of a sentence, too. When you place “auch” at the start of a sentence in German, the noun and the verb that come after it must switch places. For example:

ich möchte einen Tee I would like a tea

auch möchte ich einen Tee also, I would like a tea

der Kaffee ist perfekt the coffee is perfect

auch ist der Kaffee perfekt also, the coffee is perfect

Also, I would like a coffee for me, please. Auch, möchte ich einen Kaffee für mich, bitte.

WORD LIST SO FAR das Essen – the food und – and auch – also

How would you say this in German?

Also, Maria is here.

Also, Maria is here. Auch ist Maria hier.

The word for “is” in German is “ist”. Here’s another useful word:

sind It means “are” You pronounce it “zint”

How would you say this in German?

The tea and the coffee are here.

The tea and the coffee are here. Der Tee und der Kaffee sind hier.

How would you say this in German?

Maria and Paul are always here.

Maria and Paul are always here. Maria und Paul sind immer hier.

How would you say this in German?

The pizza and the chicken are for me.

The pizza and the chicken are for me. Die Pizza und das Hähnchen sind für mich.

How would you say this in German?

The tea and the coffee are for me.

The tea and the coffee are for me. Der Tee und der Kaffee sind für mich.

The opposite to “sind”, in German, is:

sind nicht It means “are not” You pronounce it “zint nikt”

How would you say this in German?

The tea and the coffee aren’t here.

The tea and the coffee aren’t here. Der Tee und der Kaffee sind nicht hier.

How would you say this in German?

Maria and Paul aren’t here.

Maria and Paul aren’t here. Maria und Paul sind nicht hier.

The German THE So far, we’ve seen that the Germans have three words for “the”:

DER, DIE & DAS Well, there is actually a fourth way:

DIE Obviously, this looks the same as the feminine word for “the”. However, this is used when there is more than one of something. E.g. der Tisch = the table die Tische = the tables We call it the “plural the”

der the (masculine singular)

die the (feminine singular)

das the (neuter)

die the (plural)

The German plural In English, most of the time, if you want to make a noun plural, you just add an ‘s’ to the end. E.g. “chicken” becomes “chickens” in the plural. A lot of the time, you can do this in German, too. You can very often just put an ‘s’ on the end of the noun and put the “plural the” in front of it. Look at the examples below:

die Pizza – die Pizzas the pizza – the pizzas

das Hotel – die Hotels the hotel – the hotels

das Restaurant – die Restaurants the restaurant – the restaurants

Here is a list of singular nouns that you can make plural by just adding an ‘s’ on the end. See if you can make them plural, and don’t forget to use the plural “the”. I’ve put the answers on the next page: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

der Kaffee (the coffee) der Tee (the tea) die Pizza (the pizza) das Hotel (the hotel) das Restaurant (the restaurant)

Here are the answers. I hope you got them all right! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

die Kaffees (the coffees) die Tees (the teas) die Pizzas (the pizzas) die Hotels (the hotels) die Restaurants (the restaurants)

Now, the nouns below can’t be made plural by adding an ‘s’ on the end. Instead, the nouns below are made plural by putting an ‘e’ in the end of them. So, see if you can make them plural. Again, don’t forget to use the plural “the”, and I’ve put the answers on the next page: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

der Hund (the dog) der Tisch (the table) der Fisch (the fish) der Schuh (the shoe) der Lauch (the leek)

Here are the answers. I hope you got them all right! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

die Hunde (the dogs) die Tische (the tables) die Fische (the fish) die Schuhe (the shoes) die Lauche (the leeks)

Now, there is one noun we’ve learnt so far that doesn’t change at all in the plural, and that is “Hähnchen”. das Hähnchen = the chicken die Hähnchen = the chickens It stays the same. Now, it’s quite tricky to tell, just by looking at a noun, how you’re meant to make it plural. Therefore, every time we get a new noun, I’ll tell you how to make it plural. It’s much easier to learn each noun’s own plural rule than trying to guess. So, for the nouns we’ve learnt so far, to make them plural, some of them you add ‘s’ to the end, some of them you add ‘e’ and one of them doesn’t change at all. However, you must always remember to use the plural “the”, which is “die” in front of any plural noun.

How would you say this in German?

The coffees are here.

The coffees are here. Die Kaffees sind hier.

How would you say this in German?

The restaurants are here.

The restaurants are here. Die Restaurants sind hier.

Now, let’s practise a little with these plural rules. Here’s a random feminine noun:

eine Karotte It means “a carrot” You pronounce it “eye-ner kah-rot-er”

How would you say this in German, keeping in mind that “carrot” is a feminine noun?

The carrot.

The carrot. Die Karotte.

With this particular noun, to make it plural, you add an “n” to the end. So, how would you say this in German?

The carrots.

The carrots. Die Karotten.

How would you say this in German?

The carrots are good.

The carrots are good. Die Karotten sind gut.

And here’s a random masculine noun that we saw when we were practising the pluralisation techniques:

ein Lauch It means “a leek” You pronounce it “eye-n louk”

How would you say this in German?

The leek.

The leek. Der Lauch.

This word gets an “e” on the end in the plural. So, how would you say this?

The leeks.

The leeks. Die Lauche.

How would you say this in German?

The leeks are good.

The leeks are good. Die Lauche sind gut.

The German MY Just like the word “the”, the German word for “my” has four versions, too:

mein my (masculine)

meine my (feminine)

mein my (neuter)

meine my (plural)

How would you say this in German?

My carrots are delicious.

My carrots are delicious. Meine Karotten sind lecker.

How would you say this in German?

My leeks are delicious.

My leeks are delicious. Meine Lauche sind lecker.

Quick test Let’s do a quick test. See if you can translate these sentences into German. The answers are on the next page. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

My chicken is good. My pizza is good. My fish is good. My leeks are good. My carrots are good. The chicken here is good. The pizza here is good. The fish here is good. The leeks here are good. The carrots here are good.

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Mein Hähnchen ist gut. Meine Pizza ist gut. Mein Fisch ist gut Meine Lauche sind gut. Meine Karotten sind gut. Das Hähnchen hier ist gut. Die Pizza hier ist gut. Der Fisch hier ist gut Die Lauche hier sind gut. Die Karotten hier sind gut.

Don’t lose sleep This lesson has been full of little grammar rules. They aren’t difficult to understand but there are a lot to remember, especially for a beginner in the language. However, I always say, “Don't lose sleep!” I’ve introduced these grammatical structures very early on in the course but I don’t expect you to remember them all whenever you speak German. The reason I’ve introduced them now is because it’s best to get them out of the way with early, and then the more you see them, the more you’ll remember them. The most important thing when speaking a foreign language is just making sure you’re understood. Whether you miss off a letter or use the wrong word for “the”, as long as you’re speaking and the other person understands what you're saying, it doesn't matter in the slightest. Worrying about these rules will only stop you from wanting to speak but at the same time, knowing about them will make it easier in the long run. But, as I said, don’t lose sleep over them. Even the most fluent of speakers makes a slip-up with these rules now and again so just learn them and then focus on the speaking.

WORD LIST SO FAR das Essen – the food und – and auch – also sind – are sind nicht – aren’t die – the (plural) eine Karotte – a carrot die Karotten – the carrots ein Lauch (m) – a leek die Lauche – the leeks meine – my (plural)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The food here is always delicious

2.

I would like two chickens, please, one for me and one for her

3.

The carrots are very good

4.

I think the food is perfect here

5.

The leeks are very good

6.

The food is always terrible

7.

The chicken for me and the pizza for her, please

8.

The food here is very good

9.

The chicken is delicious

10. The pizza and the chicken are very good

1.

Das Essen hier ist immer lecker

2.

Ich möchte zwei Hähnchen, bitte, ein für mich und ein für sie

3.

Die Karotten sind sehr gut

4.

Für mich ist das Essen perfekt hier

5.

Die Lauche sind sehr gut

6.

Das Essen ist immer schrecklich

7.

Das Hähnchen für mich und die Pizza für sie, bitte

8.

Das Essen hier ist sehr gut

9.

Das Hähnchen ist lecker

10. Die Pizza und das Hähnchen sind sehr gut

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Das Essen hier ist sehr gut 2. Die Pizza ist lecker 3. Mein Essen ist lecker 4. Die Karotten sind schrecklich 5. Das Hähnchen ist lecker 6. Die Lauche sind sehr gut 7. Ich möchte zwei Tees und drei Kaffees 8. Ich möchte einen Tee für ihn und einen Kaffee für sie 9. Auch möchte ich einen Kaffee, bitte 10. Meine Karotten sind perfekt

1. The food here is very good 2. The pizza is delicious 3. My food is delicious 4. The carrots are terrible 5. The chicken is delicious 6. The leeks are very good 7. I would like two teas and three coffees 8. I would like a tea for him and a coffee for her 9. Also, I would like a coffee, please 10. My carrots are perfect

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

It isn’t very good

2.

I would like a coffee, please

3.

Everybody is very nice

4.

The restaurant is very good

5.

The hotel is terrible

6.

It’s good

7.

The chicken is very good

8.

The pizza is very good

9.

It isn’t very delicious

10. I would like a tea for him, please

1.

Es ist nicht sehr gut

2.

Ich möchte einen Kaffee, bitte

3.

Jedermann ist sehr nett

4.

Das Restaurant ist sehr gut

5.

Das Hotel ist schrecklich

6.

Es ist gut

7.

Das Hähnchen ist sehr gut

8.

Die Pizza ist sehr gut

9.

Es ist nicht sehr lecker

10. Ich möchte einen Tee für ihn, bitte

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Das ist lecker aber es ist nicht sehr gut für mich 2. Es ist nicht fantastisch aber es ist sehr gut 3. Nicht für sie 4. Das Restaurant ist nicht schlecht 5. Es ist nicht für sie ; es ist für ihn 6. Es ist nicht für ihn ; es ist für mich 7. Das Hähnchen ist aussergewöhnlich

sehr

gut

aber

8. Für mich ist die Pizza aussergewöhnlich 9. Das für mich, danke 10. Es ist sehr gut

die

Pizza

ist

1. That is delicious but it isn’t very good for me 2. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 3. Not for her 4. The restaurant isn’t bad 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for him 6. It isn’t for him; it’s for me 7. The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary 8. I think the pizza is extraordinary 9. That for me, thank you 10. It’s very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. nice 2. my 3. everything 4. for me 5. a coffee 6. a carrot 7. it is 8. please 9. the restaurant 10. the pizza 11. I think 12. that is… 13. but 14. and 15. for her 16. yes 17. a leek 18. perfect 19. I would like 20. the (plural)

21. the food 22. aren't 23. no 24. a 25. very 26. a table 27. everybody 28. always 29. also 30. here 31. beautiful 32. my (plural) 33. a reservation 34. that 35. good 36. isn’t 37. extraordinary 38. a tea 39. it isn’t 40. absolutely 41. delicious 42. the chicken 43. the hotel

44. are 45. fantastic 46. terrible 47. thank you 48. is 49. for him 50. two people

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

nett mein / meine / mein alles für mich ein Kaffee eine Karotte es ist bitte das Restaurant die Pizza für mich das ist… aber und für sie ja ein Lauch perfekt ich möchte die das Essen sind nicht nein ein / eine / ein sehr ein Tisch jedermann immer auch hier schön meine die Reservierung das gut

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

ist nicht aussergewöhnlich ein Tee es ist nicht ganz lecker das Hähnchen das Hotel sind fantastisch schrecklich danke ist für ihn zwei Personen

LESSON 9 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? a leek the (plural) my (plural) aren’t a carrot and the food are also If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more. Now the previous lesson was rather intense, what with all the masculine, feminine, singular and plural rules. Therefore, I’m going to make this lesson a little less taxing. I’ll call it the “Greetings Lesson”, and you’ll soon see why.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

hallo It means “hello” You pronounce it “ha-loh”

How would you say this in German?

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please.

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please. Hallo, ich möchte einen Kaffee, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

Hello, a tea for me, please.

Hello, a tea for me, please. Hallo, ein Tee für mich, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

Hello, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please.

Hello, the pizza for me and the chicken for him, please. Hallo, die Pizza für mich und das Hähnchen für ihn, bitte.

Here’s your next greetings based word:

guten Morgen It means “good morning” You pronounce it “gut-en more-gen”

How would you say this in German?

Good morning, two coffees, please.

Good morning, two coffees, please. Guten Morgen, zwei Kaffees, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

Good morning, I’d like a table for two, please.

Good morning, I’d like a table for two, please. Guten Morgen, ich möchte einen Tisch für zwei, bitte.

Here’s your next greetings based word:

guten Tag It means “good day” You pronounce it “gut-en tahg”

How would you say this in German?

Good day, two coffees, please.

Good day, two coffees, please. Guten Tag, zwei Kaffees, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

Good day, I’d like a table for three, please.

Good day, I’d like a table for two, please. Guten Tag, ich möchte einen Tisch für drei, bitte.

This is a nice little word:

guten Abend It means “good evening” You pronounce it “gut-en ah-bent”

How would you say this in German?

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please.

Good evening, I’d like a table for three people, please. Guten Abend, ich möchte einen Tisch für drei Personen, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

Good evening, two coffees, please.

Good evening, two coffees, please. Guten Abend, zwei Kaffees, bitte.

WORD LIST SO FAR hallo – hello guten Morgen – good morning guten Tag – good day guten Abend – good evening

How would you say this in German?

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please.

Good evening, I would like a pizza, please. Guten Abend, ich möchte eine Pizza, bitte.

Here’s your next word in German:

gute Nacht It means “goodnight” You pronounce it “gut-er nakt”

Here’s another word that goes nicely with the last word:

auf Wiedersehen It means “goodbye” You pronounce it “owf veeder-zayn”

How would you say this in German?

Goodbye and goodnight.

Goodbye and goodnight. Auf Wiedersehen und gute Nacht.

Here’s your next phrase in German:

schönen Tag noch It means “have a good day” You pronounce it “shur-nen tahg nok”

schönen Tag noch When you learn a foreign language, sometimes you’ll get phrases that won’t translate word for word into English and make sense. “Schönen Tag noch” means literally “beautiful day still”. However, it’s used to mean “have a good day”, or even “have a beautiful day”. It’s best to learn these phrases as a set phrase and don’t try and translate it word for word. Just remember that “schönen Tag noch” means “have a good day”.

How would you say this in German?

Have a good day.

Have a good day. Schönen Tag noch.

How would you say this in German?

Goodbye and have a good day.

Goodbye and have a good day. Auf Wiedersehen und schönen Tag noch.

Here’s a phrase that’s similar to “schönen Tag noch”. You might be able to guess what it means:

schönen Abend noch It means “have a good evening” You pronounce it “shur-nen ah-bent nok”

How would you say this in German?

Have a good evening.

Have a good evening. Schönen Abend noch.

How would you say this in German?

Goodbye and have a good evening.

Goodbye and have a good evening. Auf Wiedersehen und schönen Abend noch.

Here’s a word that you can use instead of “auf Wiedersehen”:

tschüss It means “bye” You pronounce it “chooss”

How would you say this in German?

Bye and goodnight.

Bye and goodnight. Tschüss und gute Nacht.

Here’s a final greetings phrase in German:

bis bald It means “see you soon” You pronounce it “biss balt”

How would you say this in German?

See you soon.

See you soon. Bis bald.

How would you say this in German?

Goodbye and see you soon.

Goodbye and see you soon. Auf Wiedersehen und bis bald.

Quick test Let’s just have a quick test. See if you can remember what all of these are in German (the answers are on the next page): 1. Hello 2. Bye 3. Good evening 4. Goodnight 5. Have a good day 6. Good day 7. Have a good evening 8. Good morning 9. Goodbye 10. See you soon

Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Hallo Tschüss Guten Abend Gute Nacht Schönen Tag noch Guten Tag Schönen Abend noch Guten Morgen Auf Wiedersehen Bis bald

WORD LIST SO FAR hallo – hello guten Morgen –good morning guten Tag – good day guten Abend – good evening gute Nacht - goodnight auf Wiedersehen – goodbye schönen Tag noch – have a good day schönen Abend noch – have a good evening tschüss - bye bis bald – see you soon

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

Goodbye and have a good evening

2.

Have a good day

3.

Good day

4.

Goodnight

5.

Hello

6.

Good evening

7.

Goodbye

8.

Hello, I’d like a coffee, please

9.

Good morning

10. See you soon

1.

Auf Wiedersehen und schönen Abend noch

2.

Schönen Tag noch

3.

Guten Tag

4.

Gute Nacht

5.

Hallo

6.

Guten Abend

7.

Auf Wiedersehen

8.

Hallo, ich möchte einen Kaffee, bitte

9.

Guten Morgen

10. Bis bald

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Schönen Abend noch 2. Auf Wiedersehen 3. Schönen Tag noch 4. Hallo 5. Gute Nacht 6. Auf Wiedersehen und schönen Abend noch 7. Hallo, ich möchte zwei Tees und einen Kaffee 8. Tschüss 9. Guten Abend, ich möchte einen Tisch für zwei, bitte 10. Bis bald

1. Have a good evening 2. Goodbye 3. Have a good day 4. Hello 5. Goodnight 6. Goodbye and have a good evening 7. Hello, I’d like two teas and a coffee 8. Bye 9. Good evening, I would like a table for two, please 10. See you soon

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I think that is absolutely extraordinary

2.

The food is fantastic

3.

It’s extraordinary here

4.

Also, I’d like a coffee, please

5.

Everything here is delicious

6.

The food is always delicious here

7.

That is for me

8.

I would like a table for three people

9.

It’s for her

10. Everything is here

1.

Für mich ist das ganz aussergewöhnlich

2.

Das Essen ist fantastisch

3.

Es ist aussergewöhnlich hier

4.

Auch möchte ich einen Kaffee, bitte

5.

Alles hier ist lecker

6.

Das Essen ist immer lecker hier

7.

Das ist für mich

8.

Ich möchte einen Tisch für drei Personen

9.

Es ist für sie

10. Alles ist hier

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es ist nicht sehr gut für mich 2. Ja, es ist für mich 3. Das ist nicht sehr gut für mich 4. Ich möchte einen Kaffee, bitte 5. Es ist nicht für sie ; es ist für mich 6. Das Essen ist schrecklich 7. Das Hähnchen ist lecker 8. Es ist nicht schlecht hier 9. Jedermann ist sehr nett 10. Ich möchte einen Tisch für fünf, bitte

1. It isn’t very good for me 2. Yes, it’s for me 3. That isn’t very good for me 4. I would like a coffee, please 5. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 6. The food is terrible 7. The chicken is delicious 8. It isn’t bad here 9. Everybody is very nice 10. I would like a table for five, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. a reservation 2. goodbye 3. is 4. it is 5. thank you 6. always 7. the chicken 8. see you soon 9. that is… 10. aren't 11. have a good day 12. good 13. very 14. that 15. good evening 16. I think 17. are 18. here 19. nice 20. a carrot

21. for him 22. my 23. everything 24. a leek 25. hello 26. a 27. a table 28. terrible 29. it isn’t 30. but 31. a tea 32. no 33. the hotel 34. isn’t 35. also 36. for me 37. and 38. perfect 39. beautiful 40. the food 41. delicious 42. I would like 43. the pizza

44. everybody 45. please 46. the restaurant 47. two people 48. fantastic 49. absolutely 50. good day 51. the (plural) 52. goodnight 53. my (plural) 54. yes 55. a coffee 56. for her 57. have a good evening 58. extraordinary 59. good morning 60. bye

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

eine Reservierung auf Wiedersehen ist es ist danke immer das Hähnchen bis bald das ist… sind nicht schönen Tag noch gut sehr das guten Abend für mich sind hier nett eine Karotte für ihn mein / meine / mein alles ein Lauch hallo ein / eine / ein ein Tisch schrecklich es ist nicht aber ein Tee nein das Hotel ist nicht auch

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

für mich und perfekt schön das Essen lecker ich möchte die Pizza jedermann bitte das Restaurant zwei Personen fantastisch ganz guten Tag die gute Nacht meine ja ein Kaffee für sie schönen Abend noch aussergewöhnlich guten Morgen tschüss

Danke Before you go, I’d like to say “danke” for buying this book. There are lots of German books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons seven to nine of my “3 Minute German” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons ten to twelve, and further books after that to continue building your German language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, danke und bis bald!

3 MINUTE GERMAN LESSONS 10 – 12 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hallo und wilkommen (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute German” I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak German. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute German: Lessons 7-9”.The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning German now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the German language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 100 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak German, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 10 LESSON 11 LESSON 12 Danke

LESSON 10 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt at the end of the last book. How do you say the following in German? good evening goodbye have a good day have a good evening hello see you soon good morning goodnight If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last book and have a quick review of them before you start this book. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in German for this book:

die Rechnung It means “the bill” You pronounce it “dee rek-nunk”

How would you say this in German?

I would like the bill.

I would like the bill. Ich möchte die Rechnung.

How would you say this in German?

I would like my bill.

I would like my bill. Ich möchte meine Rechnung.

How would you say this in German?

My bill is here.

My bill is here. Meine Rechnung ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

The bill is for him.

The bill is for him. Die Rechnung ist für ihn.

Here’s a useful word in German:

eine Flasche It means “a bottle” You pronounce it “eye-ner flash-er”

A bottle of… In English, we tend to use the little word “of” to show what is inside the bottle. In German, however, you don’t bother. If you want to say “a bottle of wine”, you simple say “a bottle wine”. The word for wine in German is “Wein”. It’s a noun, so it has a capital W at the start.

eine Flasche Wein a bottle of wine

eine Flasche Wasser a bottle of water Whatever is inside the bottle can just go on the end of “eine Flasche”.

How would you say this in German?

A bottle of wine.

A bottle of wine. Eine Flasche Wein.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a bottle of wine.

I would like a bottle of wine. Ich möchte eine Flasche Wein.

The word "Flasche“ in German is pluralised by adding an ‘n’ onto the end of it. So, how would you say this in German?

I would like two bottles of wine, please.

I would like two bottles of wine, please. Ich möchte zwei Flaschen Wein, bitte.

Keeping in mind that “Flasche” is feminine, how would you say this in German?

The bottle.

The bottle. Die Flasche.

How would you say this in German?

The bottle of wine.

The bottle of wine. Die Flasche Wein.

You’ll know what this means now:

der Wein It means “the wine” You pronounce it “dair vine”

How would you say this in German? Don’t forget that after “ich möchte” the word “der” becomes “den”

I would like the wine.

WORD LIST SO FAR die Rechnung – the bill eine Flasche – a bottle (of) eine Flasche Wein – a bottle of wine zwei Flaschen – two bottles der Wein – the wine

I would like the wine. Ich möchte den Wein.

How would you say this in German?

The wine is delicious.

The wine is delicious. Der Wein ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The wine is very good.

The wine is very good. Der Wein ist sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

The wine is for me.

The wine is for me. Der Wein ist für mich.

How would you say this in German?

I think the wine is always very good here.

I think the wine is always very good here. Für mich ist der Wein immer sehr gut hier.

How would you say this in German?

My wine is terrible.

My wine is terrible. Mein Wein ist schrecklich.

Have a look at this phrase:

eine Flasche Wasser It means “a bottle of water” You pronounce it “eye-ner flash-er vah-sir”

WORD LIST SO FAR die Rechnung – the bill eine Flasche – a bottle (of) eine Flasche Wein – a bottle of wine zwei Flaschen – two bottles der Wein – the wine eine Flasche Wasser – a bottle of wine

How would you say this in German?

The bottle of water.

The bottle of water. Die Flasche Wasser.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a bottle of water, please.

I would like a bottle of water, please. Ich möchte eine Flasche Wasser, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please.

ich mochte & für Now, we know that after “ich möchte”, the word “der” becomes “den”. Well, this same thing also happens after the word “für”.

der Tisch the table

es ist für den Tisch it is for the table Whenever the word “der” comes after the word “für”, it turns into “den”. We’ll have a look at this in a bit more depth in a later book, but for now, just try to remember that “der” becomes “den” after “ich möchte” and “für”.

I would like a bottle of water for the table, please. Ich möchte eine Flasche Wasser für den Tisch, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

The bottle of water for me, please.

The bottle of water for me, please. Die Flasche Wasser fur mich, bitte.

Here’s a little question you can use:

Wie viel kostet es? It means “How much does it cost?” You pronounce it “vee-feel kos-tet ess”

How much does it cost? You can use “Wie viel kostet es?” by itself to simply mean “How much does it cost?” However, you can also replace the “es” with any object to mean “How much does … cost?”

Wie viel kostet das Hähnchen? How much does the chicken cost?

Wie viel kostet eine Flasche? How much does a bottle cost?

So, just to reiterate:

Wie viel kostet…? It means “How much does…cost?” You pronounce it “vee-feel kos-tet”

How would you say this in German?

How much does the chicken cost?

How much does the chicken cost? Wie viel kostet das Hähnchen?

How would you say this in German?

How much does the fish cost?

How much does the fish cost? Wie viel kostet der Fisch?

How would you say this in German?

How much does the wine cost here?

How much does the wine cost here? Wie viel kostet der Wein hier?

How would you say this in German?

How much does that cost?

How much does that cost? Wie viel kostet das?

Now, here’s a useful phrase:

Entschuldigung It means “excuse me” You pronounce it “ent-shull-dee-gunk”

How would you say this in German?

Excuse me, how much does the wine cost?

Excuse me, how much does the wine cost? Entschuldigung, Wie viel kostet der Wein?

How would you say this in German?

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please. Entschuldigung, ich möchte die Rechnung, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

Excuse me, how much does a bottle of water cost?

Excuse me, how much does a bottle of water cost? Entschuldigung, Wie viel kostet eine Flasche Wasser?

WORD LIST SO FAR die Rechnung – the bill eine Flasche – a bottle (of) eine Flasche Wein – a bottle of wine zwei Flaschen – two bottles der Wein – the wine eine Flasche Wasser – a bottle of wine das Wasser – the water Wie viel kostet es? – how much does it cost? Wie viel kostet…? – how much does…cost? Entschuldigung – excuse me

You’ve learnt quite a few words and phrases in German now, and you’ve hopefully been saying them out loud so that you can master the pronunciation. Now, to really embed these words and phrases in your brain, let’s do some translations. If you grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

2.

Excuse me, I would like the bill, please

3.

How much does a bottle of water cost?

4.

I would like a bottle of wine, please

5.

How much does it cost?

6.

The bill is for him

7.

I would like two bottles of water, please

8.

How much does a table for three people cost?

9.

I would like my bill, please

10. How much does the chicken cost here?

1.

Ich möchte zwei Flaschen Wein, bitte

2.

Entschuldigung, ich möchte die Rechnung, bitte

3.

Wie viel kostet eine Flasche Wasser?

4.

Ich möchte eine Flasche Wein, bitte

5.

Wie viel kostet es?

6.

Die Rechnung ist für ihn

7.

Ich möchte zwei Flasche Wasser, bitte

8.

Wie viel kostet ein Tisch für drei Personen?

9.

Ich möchte meine Rechnung, bitte

10. Wie viel kostet das Hähnchen hier?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ich möchte meine Rechnung, bitte 2. Die Rechnung ist für mich 3. Entschuldigung, Wie viel kostet eine Flasche Wein hier ? 4. Die Rechnung, bitte 5. Wie viel kostet ein Tisch für drei Personen? 6. Wie viel kostet meine Rechnung? 7. Wie viel kostet ein Tisch für zehn Personen? 8. Wie viel kostet die Rechnung? 9. Ich möchte die Rechnung, bitte 10. Meine Rechnung, bitte

1. I would like my bill, please 2. The bill is for me 3. Excuse me, how much does a bottle of wine cost here? 4. The bill, please 5. How much does a table for three people cost? 6. How much does my bill cost? 7. How much does a table for ten people cost? 8. How much does the bill cost? 9. I would like the bill, please 10. My bill, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant is fantastic

2.

Yes, it’s very good

3.

No, that isn’t for her

4.

It isn’t very good for her

5.

It’s for him

6.

It’s for me

7.

I would like a reservation for two people, please

8.

It’s absolutely delicious

9.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

10. My hotel is here

1.

Das Restaurant ist fantastisch

2.

Ja, es ist sehr gut

3.

Nein, das ist nicht für sie

4.

Es ist nicht sehr gut für sie

5.

Es ist für ihn

6.

Es ist für mich

7.

Ich möchte eine Reservierung für zwei Personen, bitte

8.

Es ist ganz lecker

9.

Für mich ist das Restaurant fantastisch

10. Mein Hotel ist hier

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ja, für mich ist es fantastisch hier 2. Es ist immer fantastisch hier 3. Das ist für mich 4. Es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich hier 5. Mein Hähnchen ist schrecklich 6. Es ist fantastisch 7. Für mich ist das Restaurant sehr gut 8. Nicht für mich, danke 9. Es ist nicht sehr gut für sie 10. Es ist sehr schön hier

1. Yes, I think it’s fantastic here 2. It’s always fantastic here 3. That is for me 4. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 5. My chicken is terrible 6. It’s fantastic 7. I think the restaurant is very good 8. Not for me, thank you 9. It isn’t very good for her 10. It’s very beautiful here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German?

1. perfect 2. a tea 3. a coffee 4. good 5. the water 6. a reservation 7. excuse me 8. a bottle of water 9. the restaurant 10. everything 11. the bill 12. isn’t 13. but 14. goodbye 15. the (plural) 16. is 17. hello 18. a 19. yes 20. are 21. How much does it cost? 22. goodnight 23. for me 24. the fish 25. beautiful 26. for her 27. have a good evening

28. terrible 29. the hotel 30. good evening 31. everybody 32. always 33. have a good day 34. I think 35. the chicken 36. a bottle of wine 37. please 38. the pizza 39. my (plural) 40. see you soon 41. delicious 42. the wine 43. absolutely 44. that 45. here 46. and 47. a leek 48. for him 49. that is… 50. nice 51. fantastic 52. I would like 53. also 54. the food 55. it isn’t 56. no 57. my 58. a table 59. a carrot

60. very 61. extraordinary 62. it is 63. aren't 64. thank you 65. two people

1. perfekt 2. ein Tee 3. ein Kaffee 4. gut 5. das Wasser 6. eine Reservierung 7. entschuldigung 8. eine Flasche Wasser 9. das Restaurant 10. alles 11. die Rechnung 12. ist nicht 13. aber 14. auf Wiedersehen 15. die 16. ist 17. hallo 18. ein / eine / ein 19. ja 20. sind 21. Wie viel kostet es? 22. gute Nacht 23. für mich 24. der Fisch 25. schön 26. für sie 27. schönen Abend noch 28. schrecklich 29. das Hotel 30. guten Abend 31. jedermann

32. immer 33. schönen Tag noch 34. für mich 35. das Hähnchen 36. eine Flasche Wein 37. bitte 38. die Pizza 39. meine 40. bis bald 41. lecker 42. der Wein 43. ganz 44. das 45. hier 46. und 47. ein Lauch 48. für ihn 49. das ist… 50. nett 51. fantastisch 52. ich möchte 53. auch 54. das Essen 55. es ist nicht 56. nein 57. mein / meine / mein 58. ein Tisch 59. eine Karotte 60. sehr 61. aussergewöhnlich 62. es ist 63. sind nicht

64. danke 65. zwei Personen

LESSON 11 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? a bottle how much does it cost? excuse me the water the bill a bottle of wine a bottle of water the wine If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word in German for this lesson, It’s a verb:

probieren It means “(to) try” You pronounce it “proh-bee-ren”

probieren = (to) try I’ve put the “to” in brackets in “to try”. This is because, in English, sometimes the verb is “to try” and other times we simply say “try”. For example, look at the two sentences in English below:

I would like to try the wine. Can I try the wine? The first sentence uses “to try” and the second uses just “try”. This is an English thing that doesn’t change anything in German; in German, you always use “probieren” whether it’s “to try” or just “try” in English.

Verbs, glorious verbs In German, verbs are a wonderful thing. They have their own way of doing things, different to English. Whenever you use a verb with “ich möchte” in German, the verb goes to the very end of the sentence. Have a look at the sentences below; the verb “probieren” goes to the very end of the sentence:

Ich möchte den Wein probieren. I would like to try the wine

Ich möchte das probieren. I would like to try that

Whenever you use “ich möchte” with any other verb, the other verb has to go right to the end of the sentence.

How would you say this in German?

I would like to try the wine.

I would like to try the wine. Ich möchte den Wein probieren.

How would you say this in German?

I would like to try the cheese.

I would like to try the cheese. Ich möchte den Käse probieren.

Here’s your next phrase in German:

kann ich? It means “can I” You pronounce it “kan ik”

ich möchte & kann ich? The phrase “kann ich?” is similar to “ich möchte” in that, if you put another verb with it, the other verb has to go right to the end of the sentence.

Kann ich das probieren? Can I try that?

How would you say this in German?

Can I try the wine?

Can I try the wine? Kann ich den Wein probieren?

How would you say this in German?

Can I try the cheese?

Can I try the cheese? Kann ich den Käse probieren?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to try that, please.

I would like to try that, please. Ich möchte das bitte probieren.

Here’s another phrase that sends the verb to the end of the sentence, just like “ich möchte” and “kann ich?”:

darf ich? It can also mean “may I” You pronounce it “darf ik”

How would you say this in German?

May I try that?

May I try that? Darf ich das probieren?

Here’s another verb for you to use in German:

bezahlen It means “(to) pay” You pronounce it “ber-tsah-len”

bezahlen In German, you don’t pay FOR something; you simply pay. What I mean is that you don’t have to use the word “für” with “bezahlen” like we do in English. However, one thing you should remember is that, if what you’re paying for is masculine, the “der” word for “the” becomes “den”. Look at the example below:

ich möchte den Wein bezahlen I would like to pay for the wine In German, the sentence above literally means “I would like to pay the wine”.

How would you say this in German?

Can I pay for the coffees?

Can I pay for the coffees? Kann ich die Kaffees?

WORD LIST SO FAR probieren – (to) try kann ich? – can I? darf ich? - may I? bezahlen – (to) pay / (to) pay for

How would you say this in German?

May I pay for the wine?

May I pay for the wine? Darf ich den Wein bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to pay the bill.

I would like to pay the bill. Ich möchte die Rechnung bezahlen.

How would you say this in German?

I would like to pay my bill.

I would like to pay my bill. Ich möchte meine Rechnung bezahlen.

I’ll give you a final verb for this lesson:

vornehmen It means “(to) make” when you’re talking about “making a reservation” You pronounce it “four-nay-men”

What is a verb? All these words that I’ve been giving to you this lesson with the “(to)” in front of them are called verbs. They are sometimes called action words: to try, to pay, to make. In English, you often see them with a “to” in front of them. So far, we’ve had:

probieren (to) try

bezahlen (to) pay

vornehmen (eine Reservierung) (to) make (a reservation)

How would you say this in German?

Can I make a reservation?

Can I make a reservation? Kann ich eine Reservierung vornehmen?

How would you say this in German?

May I make a reservation?

May I make a reservation? Darf ich eine Reservierung vornehmen?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to make a reservation.

I would like to make a reservation. Ich möchte eine Reservierung vornehmen.

How would you say this in German?

May I make a reservation for three people, please?

May I make a reservation for three people, please? Darf ich eine Reservierung für drei Personen bitte vornehmen?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to make a reservation for eight people.

I would like to make a reservation for eight people. Ich möchte eine Reservierung für acht Personen vornehmen.

WORD LIST SO FAR probieren – (to) try kann ich – can I? darf ich? – may I? bezahlen – (to) pay / (to) pay for vornehmen (eine Reservierung) – (to) make (a reservation)

Now we’ve added a few verbs to our collection of German vocabulary, let’s practise putting them together into sentences. If you grab a piece of paper, see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to try that, please

2.

Can I try the wine?

3.

May I make a reservation?

4.

I would like to make a reservation

5.

Can I make a reservation for three people, please?

6.

Can I pay for the coffee?

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

May I try the chicken, please?

9.

Can I pay here?

10. Can I pay the bill, please?

1.

Ich möchte das bitte probieren

2.

Kann ich den Wein probieren?

3.

Darf ich eine Reservierung vornehmen?

4.

Ich möchte eine Reservierung vornehmen

5.

Kann ich eine Reservierung für drei Personen bitte vornehmen?

6.

Kann ich den Kaffee bezahlen?

7.

Kann ich den Käse bitte probieren?

8.

Darf ich das Hähnchen bitte probieren?

9.

Kann ich hier bezahlen?

10. Kann ich die Rechnung bitte bezahlen?

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Kann ich das bitte probieren? 2. Ich möchte die Rechnung bitte bezahlen 3. Kann ich eine Reservierung für drei Personen bitte vornehmen? 4. Kann ich die Pizza bitte probieren? 5. Darf ich den Wein bezahlen? 6. Kann ich den Kaffee bezahlen? 7. ich möchte den Wein bitte bezahlen 8. Kann ich den Wein probieren? 9. Ich möchte den Käse probieren 10. Darf ich die Rechnung bitte bezahlen?

1. Can I try that, please? 2. I would like to pay the bill, please 3. Can I make a reservation for three people, please? 4. Can I try the pizza, please? 5. May I pay for the wine? 6. Can I pay for the coffee? 7. I would like to pay for the wine, please 8. Can I try the wine? 9. I would like to try the cheese 10. May I pay the bill, please?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

2.

I think it’s delicious

3.

Everything is perfect

4.

Hello, I would like a table for three people, please

5.

The chicken is delicious

6.

It’s always here

7.

It isn’t fantastic

8.

A table for five, please

9.

My pizza is fantastic

10. That isn’t good for him

1.

Für mich ist das Restaurant fantastisch

2.

Für mich ist es lecker

3.

Alles ist perfekt

4.

Hallo, ich möchte einen Tisch für drei Personen, bitte

5.

Das Hähnchen ist lecker

6.

Es ist immer hier

7.

Es ist nicht fantastisch

8.

Ein Tisch für fünf, bitte

9.

Meine Pizza ist fantastisch

10. Das ist nicht gut für ihn

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es ist nicht für ihn ; es ist für sie 2. Entschuldigung, ich möchte einen Kaffee, bitte 3. Es ist sehr schön hier 4. Mein Hotel ist sehr gut 5. Das Restaurant hier ist fantastisch 6. Es ist immer sehr gut 7. Meine Karotten sind perfekt 8. Ich möchte eine Reservierung, bitte 9. Auf Wiedersehen und schönen Abend noch 10. Es ist immer fantastisch hier

1. It isn’t for him; it’s for her 2. Excuse me, I would like a coffee, please 3. It’s very beautiful here 4. My hotel is very good 5. The restaurant here is fantastic 6. It’s always very good 7. My carrots are perfect 8. I would like a reservation, please 9. Goodbye and have a good evening 10. It’s always fantastic here

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German?

1. a bottle of wine 2. absolutely 3. may I? 4. fantastic 5. good 6. the bill 7. aren't 8. the wine 9. good evening 10. (to) try 11. have a good day 12. always 13. can I? 14. for her 15. and 16. the (plural) 17. (to) make (a reservation) 18. a tea 19. for him 20. but 21. very 22. the chicken 23. that is… 24. no 25. thank you 26. nice 27. goodbye

28. see you soon 29. delicious 30. are 31. perfect 32. two people 33. please 34. the fish 35. beautiful 36. also 37. have a good evening 38. that 39. is 40. here 41. I would like 42. everybody 43. a 44. hello 45. the restaurant 46. excuse me 47. it isn’t 48. terrible 49. goodnight 50. yes 51. extraordinary 52. How much does it cost? 53. a leek 54. the hotel 55. a bottle of water 56. (to) pay (for) 57. a carrot 58. for me 59. a reservation

60. everything 61. isn’t 62. the food 63. the water 64. my 65. a table 66. the pizza 67. my (plural) 68. it is 69. I think 70. a coffee

1. eine Flasche Wein 2. ganz 3. darf ich? 4. fantastisch 5. gut 6. die Rechnung 7. sind nicht 8. der Wein 9. guten Abend 10. probieren 11. schönen Tag noch 12. immer 13. kann ich? 14. für sie 15. und 16. die 17. vornehmen (eine Reservierung) 18. ein Tee 19. für ihn 20. aber 21. sehr 22. das Hähnchen 23. das ist… 24. nein 25. danke 26. nett 27. auf Wiedersehen 28. bis bald 29. lecker 30. sind 31. perfekt

32. zwei Personen 33. bitte 34. der Fisch 35. schön 36. auch 37. schönen Abend noch 38. das 39. ist 40. hier 41. ich möchte 42. jedermann 43. ein / eine / ein 44. hallo 45. das Restaurant 46. entschuldigung 47. es ist nicht 48. schrecklich 49. gute Nacht 50. ja 51. aussergewöhnlich 52. Wie viel kostet es? 53. ein Lauch 54. das Hotel 55. eine Flasche Wasser 56. bezahlen 57. eine Karotte 58. für mich 59. eine Reservierung 60. alles 61. ist nicht 62. das Essen 63. das Wasser

64. mein / meine / mein 65. ein Tisch 66. die Pizza 67. meine 68. es ist 69. für mich 70. ein Kaffee

LESSON 12 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last book. How do you say the following in German? (to) pay (for) (to) make (a reservation) (to) try can I? may I? If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last book and have a quick review of them before you start this book. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Let’s add another verb to your ever-growing collection:

mieten It means “(to) hire” or “(to) rent” You pronounce it “mee-ten”

How would you say this in German?

How much is it to hire that?

Wie viel kostet es…? If you want to put any verb on the end of the phrase “Wie viel kostet es…?”, you need a little joining word to hook it on. Let me introduce you to “zu”. Now, we’ve already seen “zu”; we learnt that it means “too”. Well, it can also mean just “to”. Let me show you this phrase in English:

How much does it cost to hire that? We can break this sentence up into two parts:

[How much does it cost] [to hire that?] The first part of the sentence above is called a main clause. We already know how to say that bit in German:

Wie viel kostet es? How much does it cost? The second part of the sentence is called a subordinate clause. We can tell the difference because a main clause can exist by itself and make sense. A subordinate clause cannot exist by itself and make sense. You can say “How much does it cost?” by itself, so it’s a main clause. However, you can’t say “to hire that” by itself, so it’s a subordinate clause. In German, whenever you have a subordinate clause, you have to put the little word “zu” in front of the verb, and the verb has to go to the very end. So, for example, in the sentence we looked at:

[How much does it cost] [to hire that?] The “to hire that” part is the subordinate clause, so we have to put the word “zu” in front of the word “hire” and that has to go at the end.

[Wie viel kostet es], [das zu mieten?] How much does it cost to hire that? (Literally: How much does it cost, that to hire?) In German, you always separate a main clause from a subordinate clause with a comma. This is quite a tricky concept to get your head around, I know; I found it tricky when I first learnt German. However, panic not! It will get easier the more you practise. We will look more at main clauses and subordinate clauses in a later book. However, I just wanted to introduce you to the concept early on so you can start to recognise it. Also, you can only use the phrase “Wie viel kostet es…?” with a verb in German in you understand the concept slightly. If it’s all still a bit of a blur in your mind, don’t worry, I know how tricky it is, but believe me, it will get easier. For now, just remember, that if you want to use a verb after the phrase “Wie viel kostet es…?” then it has to go to the very end and you have to put the little word “zu” in front of it. Phew!

How much is it to hire that? Wie viel kostet es, das zu mieten?

Back to a less complicated phrase. How would you say this in German?

I would like to hire that.

I would like to hire that. Ich möchte das mieten.

How would you say this in German?

Can I hire that?

Can I hire that? Kann ich das mieten?

How would you say this in German?

Can I hire that for two people, please?

Can I hire that for two people, please? Kann ich das für zwei Personen bitte mieten?

Let me give you something that you can hire:

ein Auto It’s a neuter word and it means “a car” You pronounce it “eyn ow-toh”

How would you say this in German?

I would like to hire a car.

I would like to hire a car. Ich möchte ein Auto mieten.

How would you say this in German?

Can I hire a car?

Can I hire a car? Kann ich ein Auto mieten?

How would you say this in German?

I would like a car for five people.

I would like a car for five people. Ich möchte ein Auto für fünf Personen.

How would you say this in German?

The car is perfect.

The car is perfect. Das Auto ist perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

I think the car is very good.

I think the car is very good. Für mich ist das Auto sehr gut.

How would you say this in German?

The car is perfect for five people.

The car is perfect for five people. Das Auto ist perfekt für fünf Personen.

Here’s a common yet useful word in German:

eine Woche It means “one week” or “a week” You pronounce it “eye-ner voh-ker”

How would you say this in German?

Can I hire a car for one week?

Can I hire a car for one week? Kann ich ein Auto für eine Woche mieten?

WORD LIST SO FAR mieten – (to) hire ein Auto – a car eine Woche – a week / one week

How would you say this in German?

I would like a car for one week.

I would like a car for one week. Ich möchte ein Auto für eine Woche.

How would you say this in German?

How much does it cost for one week?

How much does it cost for one week? Wie viel kostet es für eine Woche?

How would you say this in German?

It’s for one week.

It’s for one week. Es ist für eine Woche.

How would you say this in German?

Everybody is here for one week.

Everybody is here for one week. Jedermann ist hier für eine Woche.

I’m sure you’ll be able to guess what this means:

zwei Wochen It means “two weeks” You pronounce it “tsveye voh-ken”

How would you say this in German?

Can I hire a car for two weeks?

Can I hire a car for two weeks? Kann ich ein Auto für zwei Wochen mieten?

How would you say this in German?

How much does it cost for two weeks?

How much does it cost for two weeks? Wie viel kostet es für zwei Wochen?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please.

I would like to hire that for two weeks, please. Ich möchte das für zwei Wochen bitte mieten.

How would you say this in German?

It’s for two weeks.

It’s for two weeks. Es ist für zwei Wochen.

This word is a little shorter than a week:

ein Tag It means “a day” or “one day” and this word is masculine You pronounce it “eyn tahg”

Don’t forget that when you use a masculine noun after the word “für”, the word “der” becomes “den”, “ein” becomes “einen” and “mein” becomes “meinen”. So, how would you say this in German?

I’d like a car for one day, please.

WORD LIST SO FAR mieten – to hire / to rent ein Auto – a car (neuter) eine Woche – a week / one week zwei Wochen – two weeks ein Tag – a day / one day (masculine)

I’d like a car for one day, please. Ich möchte ein Auto für einen Tag, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

How much does it cost for one day?

How much does it cost for one day? Wie viel kostet es für einen Tag?

How would you say this in German?

It’s for one day.

It’s for one day. Es ist für einen Tag.

How would you say this in German?

Can I hire that for one day?

Can I hire that for one day? Kann ich das für einen Tag mieten?

How would you say this in German?

I would like the car for one day, please.

I would like the car for one day, please. Ich möchte ein Auto für einen Tag, bitte.

You can probably guess what this means:

zwei Tage It means “two days” You pronounce it “tsveye tah-ger”

How would you say this in German?

I would like to hire a car for two days.

I would like to hire a car for two days. Ich möchte ein Auto für zwei Tage mieten.

How would you say this in German?

It’s for two days.

It’s for two days. Es ist für zwei Tage.

How would you say this in German?

How much does it cost for two days?

How much does it cost for two days? Wie viel kostet es für zwei Tage?

How would you say this in German?

I would like the car for two days.

I would like the car for two days. Ich möchte das Auto für zwei Tage.

How would you say this in German?

Can I hire that for two days?

Can I hire that for two days? Kann ich das für zwei Tage mieten?

This word is a little longer than a week:

ein Monat This is another masculine noun and it means “a month” or “one month” You pronounce it “eyen moh-nat”

How would you say this in German?

It’s for one month.

It’s for one month. Es ist für einen Monat.

How would you say this in German?

How much does it cost for one month?

How much does it cost for one month? Wie viel kostet es für einen Monat?

The word “Monat” in the plural becomes “Monate”, so you can probably guess what this means:

zwei Monate It means “two months” You pronounce it “tsveye moh-nah-ter”

How would you say this in German?

I would like to hire the car for two months, please.

I would like to hire the car for two months, please. Ich möchte ein Auto für zwei Monate bitte mieten.

How would you say this in German?

How much does it cost for two months?

How much does it cost for two months? Wie viel kostet es für zwei Monate?

WORD LIST SO FAR mieten – to hire / to rent ein Auto – a car (neuter) eine Woche – one week zwei Wochen – two weeks ein Tag – one day (masculine) zwei Tage – two days ein Monat – one month (masculine) zwei Monate – two months

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like to hire a car. How much does it cost?

2.

How much does it cost for eight days?

3.

My car is terrible

4.

How much does it cost for two weeks?

5.

Can I hire a car for three weeks, please?

6.

May I hire a car for three days, please?

7.

I would like to hire a car for one week. How much does it cost?

8.

I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much does it cost?

9.

How much does it cost for nine days?

10. I would like to hire two cars

1.

Ich möchte ein Auto mieten. Wie viel kostet es?

2.

Wie viel kostet es für acht Tage?

3.

Mein Auto ist schrecklich

4.

Wie viel kostet es für zwei Wochen?

5.

Kann ich ein Auto für drei Wochen bitte mieten?

6.

Darf ich ein Auto für drei Tage bitte mieten?

7.

Ich möchte ein Auto für eine Woche mieten. Wie viel kostet es?

8.

Ich möchte ein Auto für zwei Wochen mieten. Wie viel kostet es?

9.

Wie viel kostet es für neun Tage?

10. Ich möchte zwei Autos mieten

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Wie viel kostet es für sechs Tage? 2. Wie viel kostet es für fünf Tage? 3. Kann ich ein Auto hier mieten? 4. Ich möchte zwei Autos mieten 5. Ich möchte ein Auto mieten 6. Ich möchte ein Auto für drei Tage bitte mieten 7. Das Auto ist perfekt 8. Mein Auto ist schrecklich 9. Wie viel kostet es für zwei Wochen? 10. Wie viel kostet es für drei Tage?

1. How much does it cost for six days? 2. How much does it cost for five days? 3. Can I hire a car here? 4. I would like to hire two cars 5. I would like to hire a car 6. I would like to hire a car for three days, please 7. The car is perfect 8. My car is terrible 9. How much does it cost for two weeks? 10. How much does it cost for three days?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The restaurant here is fantastic

2.

The pizza is always terrible here

3.

I think it’s very good here

4.

Everybody is here

5.

That isn’t very good

6.

Everything is perfect

7.

Have a good evening

8.

Have a good day

9.

I would like to make a reservation

10. How much does my bill cost?

1.

Das Restaurant hier ist fantastisch

2.

Die Pizza ist immer schrecklich hier

3.

Für mich ist es sehr gut hier

4.

Jedermann ist hier

5.

Das ist nicht sehr gut

6.

Alles ist perfekt

7.

Schönen Abend noch

8.

Schönen Tag noch

9.

Ich möchte eine Reservierung vornehmen

10. Wie viel kostet meine Rechnung?

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Hallo, ich möchte einen Tisch für drei Personen, bitte 2. Das Hotel ist sehr gut 3. Es ist nicht gut hier 4. Jedermann hier ist sehr nett 5. Die Pizza ist perfekt 6. Ich möchte eine Flasche Wasser bitte 7. Ich möchte meine Rechnung, bitte 8. Das Hähnchen ist immer fantastisch hier 9. Es ist für sie 10. Das Restaurant ist sehr gut

1. Hello, I’d like a table for three people, please 2. The hotel is very good 3. It isn’t good here 4. Everybody here is very nice 5. The pizza is perfect 6. I would like a bottle of water, please 7. I would like my bill, please 8. The chicken is always fantastic here 9. It’s for her 10. The restaurant is very good

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. a bottle of wine 2. absolutely 3. for him 4. beautiful 5. a week 6. (to) pay (for) 7. for her 8. the fish 9. see you soon 10. the (plural) 11. two people 12. aren't 13. the pizza 14. hello 15. have a good evening 16. my 17. terrible 18. is 19. one day 20. the bill 21. the hotel 22. excuse me 23. two weeks 24. a bottle of water 25. please 26. it is 27. that is… 28. I would like 29. but 30. a car 31. yes

32. no 33. (to) make (a reservation) 34. fantastic 35. a 36. here 37. a table 38. (to) hire / (to) rent 39. (to) try 40. and 41. are 42. thank you 43. good evening 44. the food 45. it isn’t 46. everything 47. I think 48. nice 49. everybody 50. goodbye 51. a reservation 52. may I? 53. can I? 54. perfect 55. How much does it cost? 56. have a good day 57. a month 58. very 59. isn’t 60. the chicken 61. a leek 62. the wine 63. for me 64. goodnight 65. that 66. delicious 67. the water

68. good 69. also 70. two months 71. my (plural) 72. extraordinary 73. a carrot 74. the restaurant 75. a coffee 76. a tea 77. two days 78. always

1. eine Flasche Wein 2. ganz 3. für ihn 4. schön 5. eine Woche 6. bezahlen 7. für sie 8. der Fisch 9. bis bald 10. die 11. zwei Personen 12. sind nicht 13. die Pizza 14. hallo 15. schönen Abend noch 16. mein / meine / mein 17. schrecklich 18. ist 19. ein Tag (masculine) 20. die Rechnung 21. das Hotel 22. entschuldigung 23. zwei Wochen 24. eine Flasche Wasser 25. bitte 26. es ist 27. das ist… 28. ich möchte 29. aber 30. ein Auto (neuter) 31. ja

32. nein 33. vornehmen (eine Reservierung) 34. fantastisch 35. ein / eine / ein 36. hier 37. ein Tisch 38. mieten 39. probieren 40. und 41. sind 42. danke 43. guten Abend 44. das Essen 45. es ist nicht 46. alles 47. für mich 48. nett 49. jedermann 50. auf Wiedersehen 51. eine Reservierung 52. darf ich? 53. kann ich? 54. perfekt 55. Wieviel kostet es? 56. schönen Tag noch 57. ein Monat (masculine) 58. sehr 59. ist nicht 60. das Hähnchen 61. ein Lauch 62. der Wein 63. für mich

64. gute Nacht 65. das 66. lecker 67. das Wasser 68. gut 69. auch 70. zwei Monate 71. meine 72. aussergewöhnlich 73. eine Karotte 74. das Restaurant 75. ein Kaffee 76. ein Tee 77. zwei Tage 78. immer

Danke Before you go, I’d like to say “danke” for buying this book. There are lots of German books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons ten to twelve of my “3 Minute German” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons thirteen to fifteen, and further books after that to continue building your German language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, danke und bis bald!

3 MINUTE GERMAN LESSONS 13 – 15 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hallo und wilkommen (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute German” I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak German. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute German: Lessons 10-12”.The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning German now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the German language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 100 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak German, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 13 LESSON 14 LESSON 15 Danke

LESSON 13 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? two weeks one day (to) hire / (to) rent two days a car two months one week one month If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This word is the same as the English but it’s just pronounced a little differently:

Euro It means “euros” You pronounce it “oy-roh”

How would you say this in German?

It’s ten euros.

It’s ten euros. Es ist zehn Euro.

How would you say this in German?

The bill is fifty euros.

The bill is fifty euros. Die Rechnung is fünfzig Euro.

How would you say this in German?

It’s one euro.

It’s one euro. Es ist ein Euro.

How would you say this in German?

The wine is ten euros.

The wine is ten euros. Der Wein ist zehn Euro.

How would you say this in German?

It’s five euros for one day.

It’s five euros for one day. Es ist fünf Euro für einen Tag.

This word goes nicely with “euros”:

Cents It means “cents” You pronounce it “sents”

How would you say this in German?

It’s fifty cents.

It’s fifty cents. Es ist füngzig Cents.

How would you say this in German?

The bottle of water is sixty cents.

The bottle of water is sixty cents. Die Flasche Wasser ist sechzig Cents.

How would you say this in German?

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water.

It’s fifty cents for a bottle of water. Es ist füngzig Cents für eine Flasche Wasser.

Here’s your next word in German:

pro It means “per” You pronounce it “proh”

pro You can use “pro” to mean “per” with any of the time phrases we’ve learnt so far.

pro Tag per day

pro Woche per week

pro Monat per month

pro Person per person

How would you say this in German?

How much does it cost per day?

How much does it cost per day? Wie viel kostet es pro Tag?

WORD LIST SO FAR Euro – euros Cents – cents pro – per

How would you say this in German?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. Es ist zehn Euro pro Woche.

How would you say this in German?

It’s fifty euros per person.

It’s fifty euros per person. Es ist fünfzig Euro pro Personen.

How would you say this in German?

How much does the car cost per week?

How much does the car cost per week? Wie viel kostet das Auto pro Woche?

German money The way the German talk about how much something is, is very similar to how we do it in English. Usually, in English, we only say the word euro, for example: “it’s two euros fifty” and we don’t bother saying “cents”. Well, this is the same in German: es ist zwei Euro fünfzig On the other hand, you would use the word for “cents” (Cents) if there were no euros involved, for example, “it’s twenty cents” - “es ist zwanzig Cents” However, this isn't set in stone and it just depends on who is speaking. One person might choose to say “three euros twenty”, another might say “three euros twenty cents” or another might just say “three twenty”. It’s exactly the same in German. Additionally, the way that money is written varies from place to place. These are the following ways that I've seen money written on price labels:

€3,50 3,50€ 3€50 One thing that is the same wherever you go, is that the German use a comma instead of a decimal point and a decimal point instead of a comma! So, that's why there is a comma in the prices above. And, “three thousand euros” would be written as €3.000 with a decimal point!

Anyway, how would you say this in German?

It’s three euros fifty.

It’s three euros fifty. Es ist drei Euro fünfzig.

How would you say this in German?

It’s ten euros per week.

It’s ten euros per week. Es ist zehn Euro pro Woche.

WORD LIST SO FAR Euro – euros Cents – cents pro – per pro Tag – per day pro Woche – per week pro Monat – per month pro Person – per person

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

It’s sixty euros

2.

It’s eighty one euros

3.

It’s fifty cents

4.

It’s twenty euros for two days

5.

It’s fifty-three euros

6.

It’s eighty-three euros

7.

It’s ten euros per bottle

8.

It’s fifty-two euros

9.

It’s eighty euros

10. It’s thirty euros per month

1.

Es ist sechzig Euro

2.

Es ist ein und achtzig Euro

3.

Es ist fünfzig Cents

4.

Es ist zwanzig Euro für zwei Tage

5.

Es ist drei und fünfzig Euro

6.

Es ist drei und achtzig Euro

7.

Es ist zehn Euro pro Flasche

8.

Es ist zwei und fünfzig Euro

9.

Es ist achtzig Euro

10. Es ist dreissig Euro pro Monat

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Es ist ein und zwanzig Euro 2. Es ist ein und fünfzig Euro 3. Es ist fünfzig Euro 4. Es ist siebzig Cents 5. Es ist drei und fünfzig Euro 6. Es ist dreissig Euro pro Monat 7. Es ist zwei und zwanzig Euro 8. Es ist zwei und achtzig Euro 9. Es ist ein und achtzig Euro 10. Es ist sechzig Euro

1. It’s twenty-one euros 2. It’s fifty-one euros 3. It’s fifty euros 4. It’s seventy cents 5. It’s fifty-three euros 6. It’s thirty euros per month 7. It’s twenty-two euros 8. It’s eighty-two euros 9. It’s eighty one euros 10. It’s sixty euros

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lesson.

1.

The food here is very good

2.

The leeks are very good

3.

The chicken and the pizza are delicious

4.

The pizza is delicious

5.

I think the restaurant is fantastic

6.

That is perfect

7.

May I try the wine?

8.

I think everybody is very nice

9.

Also, I would like a coffee, please

10. Yes, it’s for me

1.

Das Essen hier ist sehr gut

2.

Die Lauche sind sehr gut

3.

Das Hähnchen und die Pizza sind lecker

4.

Die Pizza ist lecker

5.

Für mich ist das Restaurant fantastisch

6.

Das ist perfekt

7.

Darf ich den Wein probieren?

8.

Für mich ist jedermann sehr nett

9.

Auch möchte ich einen Kaffee, bitte

10. Ja, es ist für mich

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ich möchte eine Flasche Wasser, bitte 2. Das Hotel ist schrecklich 3. Ja, es ist für mich 4. Kann ich ein Auto für zwei Woche bitte mieten? 5. Ich möchte ein Auto für zwei Woche mieten. Wie viel kostet es? 6. Eine Flasche Wein für sie und die Rechnung für mich 7. Ja, das ist sehr gut aber es ist nicht perfekt 8. Es ist nicht sehr gut 9. Wie viel kostet das Hähnchen? 10. Die Pizza ist perfekt und, auch, ist mein Kaffee lecker

1. I would like a bottle of water, please 2. The hotel is terrible 3. Yes, it’s for me 4. Can I hire a car for two weeks, please? 5. I would like to hire a car for two weeks. How much does it cost? 6. A bottle of wine for her and the bill for me 7. Yes, that is very good but it isn’t perfect 8. It isn’t very good 9. How much does the chicken cost? 10. The pizza is perfect and, also, my coffee is delicious

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. the wine 2. it is 3. a bottle of wine 4. the bill 5. are 6. beautiful 7. that 8. per week 9. good evening 10. absolutely 11. per 12. good 13. the water 14. a table 15. excuse me 16. I would like 17. a reservation 18. and 19. may I? 20. for her 21. that is… 22. two weeks 23. a leek 24. nice 25. the chicken 26. a bottle of water 27. terrible 28. very 29. (to) hire / (to) rent 30. I think 31. thank you

32. the food 33. euros 34. How much does it cost? 35. is 36. no 37. a 38. a carrot 39. hello 40. yes 41. the (plural) 42. per day 43. a tea 44. always 45. two days 46. extraordinary 47. goodnight 48. goodbye 49. please 50. also 51. delicious 52. the pizza 53. for me 54. aren't 55. perfect 56. have a good day 57. one day 58. isn’t 59. the fish 60. two people 61. my 62. (to) try 63. everybody 64. two months 65. (to) pay (for) 66. but 67. per month

68. it isn’t 69. a week 70. fantastic 71. (to) make (a reservation) 72. for him 73. cents 74. my (plural) 75. can I? 76. have a good evening 77. the hotel 78. a month 79. the restaurant 80. per person 81. a car 82. here 83. everything 84. see you soon 85. a coffee

1. der Wein 2. es ist 3. eine Flasche Wein 4. die Rechnung 5. sind 6. schön 7. das 8. pro Woche 9. guten Abend 10. ganz 11. pro 12. gut 13. das Wasser 14. ein Tisch 15. entschuldigung 16. ich möchte 17. eine Reservierung 18. und 19. darf ich? 20. für sie 21. das ist… 22. zwei Wochen 23. ein Lauch 24. nett 25. das Hähnchen 26. eine Flasche Wasser 27. schrecklich 28. sehr 29. mieten 30. für mich 31. danke 32. das Essen 33. Euro 34. Wieviel kostet es? 35. ist

36. nein 37. ein / eine / ein 38. eine Karotte 39. hallo 40. ja 41. die 42. pro Tag 43. ein Tee 44. immer 45. zwei Tage 46. aussergewöhnlich 47. gute Nacht 48. auf Wiedersehen 49. bitte 50. auch 51. lecker 52. die Pizza 53. für mich 54. sind nicht 55. perfekt 56. schönen Tag noch 57. ein Tag (masculine) 58. ist nicht 59. der Fisch 60. zwei Personen 61. mein / meine / mein 62. probieren 63. jedermann 64. zwei Monate 65. bezahlen 66. aber 67. pro Monat 68. es ist nicht 69. eine Woche 70. fantastisch 71. vornehmen (eine Reservierung)

72. für ihn 73. Cents 74. meine 75. kann ich? 76. schönen Abend noch 77. das Hotel 78. ein Monat (masculine) 79. das Restaurant 80. pro Person 81. ein Auto (neuter) 82. hier 83. alles 84. bis bald 85. ein Kaffee

LESSON 14 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? euros cents per per day per week per month per person If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s a useful question phrase:

um wie viel Uhr It means “(at) what time” We don’t always say “at” in English in the phrase “at what time”; sometimes we just say “what time”. However, in German, you always have to say “um wie viel Uhr” You pronounce it “um vee feel err”

How would you say this in German?

At what time is the reservation?

At what time is the reservation? Um wie viel Uhr ist die Reservierung?

Here’s the most important meal of the day:

das Frühstück It means “the breakfast” You pronounce it “dass frerr-shterk”

How would you say this in German?

The breakfast here is fantastic.

The breakfast here is fantastic. Das Frühstück hier ist fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? Um wie viel Uhr ist das Frühstück? Did you get this translation correct ? Or did you miss out the word “das”? In English, the sentence is “At what time is breakfast?” but, in German, you must always say “the breakfast”. This means, you should really say “At what time is the breakfast?”. That’s why it’s “das Frühstück” and not just “Frühstück”.

How would you say this in German?

At what time is breakfast?

At what time is breakfast? Um wie viel Uhr ist das Frühstück?

How would you say this in German?

I think the breakfast is perfect.

I think the breakfast is perfect. Für mich ist das Frühstück perfekt.

How would you say this in German?

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious.

The breakfast here is always absolutely delicious. Das Frühstück hier ist immer ganz lecker.

WORD LIST SO FAR um wie viel Uhr – (at) what time das Frühstück – the breakfast

How would you say this in German?

The breakfast is here.

The breakfast is here. Das Frühstück ist hier.

How would you say this in German?

I would like breakfast here.

I would like breakfast here. Ich möchte das Frühstück hier.

The next meal is:

das Mittagessen It means “the lunch” You pronounce it “dass mitt-ahg ess-enn” Literally, the word “Mittagessen” means “midday food”

How would you say this in German?

What time is lunch?

What time is lunch? Um wie viel Uhr ist das Mittagessen?

How would you say this in German?

Can I pay for lunch?

Can I pay for lunch? Kann ich das Mittagessen bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

The lunch is terrible here.

The lunch is terrible here. Das Mittagessen ist schrecklich hier.

How would you say this in German?

Can I make a reservation for lunch?

Can I make a reservation for lunch? Kann ich eine Reservierung für das Mittagessen vornehmen?

The final meal of the day, and often the biggest, is:

das Abendessen It means “the dinner” You pronounce it “dass ar-ben-tess-enn” Literally, the word “Abendessen” means “evening food”

So, how would you say this in German?

What time is dinner?

WORD LIST SO FAR um wie viel Uhr – (at) what time das Frühstück – the breakfast das Mittagessen – the lunch das Abendessen – the dinner

What time is dinner? Um wie viel Uhr ist das Abendessen?

How would you say this in German?

Can I pay for dinner?

Can I pay for dinner? Kann ich das Abendessen bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

Dinner is delicious.

Dinner is delicious. Das Abendessen ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The dinner here is always fantastic.

The dinner here is always fantastic. Das Abendessen hier ist immer fantastisch.

How would you say this in German?

How much does the dinner cost here?

How much does the dinner cost here? Wie viel kostet das Abendessen hier?

How would you say this in German?

I think the dinner is terrible.

I think the dinner is terrible. Für mich ist das Abendessen schrecklich.

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

The breakfast isn’t bad but the dinner is delicious

2.

My lunch is absolutely perfect

3.

The dinner here is terrible

4.

My breakfast is here

5.

For breakfast, I’d like an orange juice

6.

For lunch, I’d like a sandwich

7.

What time is dinner?

8.

The dinner is perfect

9.

My breakfast is fantastic

10. The dinner is here

1.

Das Frühstück ist nicht schlecht aber das Abendessen ist lecker

2.

Mein Mittagessen ist ganz perfekt

3.

Das Abendessen hier ist schrecklich

4.

Mein Frühstück ist hier

5.

Für das Mittagessen möchte ich einen Orangensaft

6.

Für das Mittagessen möchte ich ein Sandwich

7.

Um wie viel ist das Abendessen?

8.

Das Abendessen ist perfekt

9.

Mein Frühstück ist fantastisch

10. Das Abendessen ist hier

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Das Frühstück ist nicht schlecht aber das Mittagessen ist lecker 2. Mein Mittagessen ist lecker 3. Mein Abendessen ist lecker 4. Für das Frühstück möchte ich einen Apfel 5. Mein Frühstück ist schrecklich 6. Das Abendessen hier ist lecker 7. Das Frühstück hier ist ganz fantastisch 8. Wie viel kostet das Mittagessen? 9. Mein Mittagessen ist ganz perfekt 10. Mein Mittagessen ist hier

1. The breakfast isn’t bad but the lunch is delicious 2. My lunch is delicious 3. My dinner is delicious 4. For breakfast, I would like a croissant 5. My breakfast is terrible 6. The dinner here is delicious 7. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 8. How much does the lunch cost? 9. My lunch is absolutely perfect 10. My lunch is here

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a table for four, please

2.

How much does it cost for six days?

3.

It’s thirty euros per month

4.

It’s eighty euros

5.

How much does it cost for four days?

6.

I think it’s fantastic

7.

It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary

8.

Everything is here

9.

How much does it cost for two days?

10. Excuse me, the bill, please

1.

Ich möchte einen Tisch für vier, bitte

2.

Wie viel kostet es für sechs Tage?

3.

Es ist dreissig Euro pro Monat

4.

Es ist achtzig Euro

5.

Wie viel kostet es für vier Tage?

6.

Für mich ist es fantastisch

7.

Es ist nicht gut ; es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich

8.

Alles ist hier

9.

Wie viel kostet es für zwei Tage?

10. Entschuldigung, die Rechnung, bitte

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es ist nicht für sie ; es ist für mich 2. Ich möchte einen Tisch für drei Personen, bitte 3. Ja, es ist für mich, danke 4. Es ist nicht fantastisch aber es ist sehr gut 5. Ein Kaffee für mich 6. Meine Pizza ist perfekt 7. Ich möchte den Wein bitte probieren 8. Es ist acht hundert Euro 9. Das ist meine Pizza 10. Kann ich das Hähnchen bitte probieren ?

1. It isn’t for her; it’s for me 2. I’d like a table for three people, please 3. Yes, it’s for me, thank you 4. It isn’t fantastic but it’s very good 5. A coffee for me 6. My pizza is perfect 7. I’d like to try the wine, please 8. It’s eight hundred euros 9. That’s my pizza 10. Can I try the chicken, please?

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. a car 2. a month 3. thank you 4. How much does it cost? 5. fantastic 6. absolutely 7. that is… 8. the hotel 9. the pizza 10. my (plural) 11. for him 12. it is 13. beautiful 14. everybody 15. delicious 16. for her 17. I think 18. a week 19. a reservation 20. the (plural) 21. excuse me 22. per week 23. a table 24. the bill 25. perfect 26. two months 27. very 28. one day 29. see you soon 30. everything 31. (to) hire / (to) rent

32. the fish 33. the wine 34. a tea 35. are 36. that 37. I would like 38. have a good evening 39. two days 40. a leek 41. have a good day 42. a carrot 43. goodbye 44. (to) make (a reservation) 45. the lunch 46. it isn’t 47. isn’t 48. a coffee 49. two weeks 50. is 51. my 52. cents 53. a bottle of wine 54. (to) try 55. per person 56. goodnight 57. terrible 58. please 59. nice 60. no 61. aren't 62. here 63. may I? 64. the restaurant 65. the chicken 66. (at) what time 67. always

68. for me 69. per 70. but 71. the food 72. also 73. per month 74. yes 75. two people 76. per day 77. a 78. a bottle of water 79. good evening 80. extraordinary 81. (to) pay (for) 82. euros 83. the dinner 84. and 85. the water 86. the breakfast 87. hello 88. can I? 89. good

1. ein Auto (neuter) 2. ein Monat (masculine) 3. danke 4. Wieviel kostet es? 5. fantastisch 6. ganz 7. das ist… 8. das Hotel 9. die Pizza 10. meine 11. für ihn 12. es ist 13. schön 14. jedermann 15. lecker 16. für sie 17. für mich 18. eine Woche 19. eine Reservierung 20. die 21. entschuldigung 22. pro Woche 23. ein Tisch 24. die Rechnung 25. perfekt 26. zwei Monate 27. sehr 28. ein Tag (masculine) 29. bis bald 30. alles 31. mieten 32. der Fisch 33. der Wein 34. ein Tee 35. sind

36. das 37. ich möchte 38. schönen Abend noch 39. zwei Tage 40. ein Lauch 41. schönen Tag noch 42. eine Karotte 43. auf Wiedersehen 44. vornehmen (eine Reservierung) 45. das Mittagessen 46. es ist nicht 47. ist nicht 48. ein Kaffee 49. zwei Wochen 50. ist 51. mein / meine / mein 52. Cents 53. eine Flasche Wein 54. probieren 55. pro Person 56. gute Nacht 57. schrecklich 58. bitte 59. nett 60. nein 61. sind nicht 62. hier 63. darf ich? 64. das Restaurant 65. das Hähnchen 66. um wie vie Uhr 67. immer 68. für mich 69. pro 70. aber 71. das Essen

72. auch 73. pro Monat 74. ja 75. zwei Personen 76. pro Tag 77. ein / eine / ein 78. eine Flasche Wasser 79. guten Abend 80. aussergewöhnlich 81. bezahlen 82. Euro 83. das Abendessen 84. und 85. das Wasser 86. das Frühstück 87. hallo 88. kann ich? 89. gut

LESSON 15 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? (at) what time the breakfast the lunch the dinner If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

This lesson is going to be all about telling the time. Here’s your first time related phrase:

um … Uhr It means “at … o’clock” You pronounce it “um … err” You can put any number in between the “um” and the “Uhr”

How would you say this in German?

At three o’clock.

At three o’clock. Um drei Uhr.

How would you say this in German?

It is at five o’clock.

It is at five o’clock. Es ist um fünf Uhr.

How would you say this in German?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. Das Abendessen ist um acht Uhr.

How would you say this in German?

Breakfast is at seven o’clock.

Breakfast is at seven o’clock. Das Frühstück ist um sieben Uhr.

8am vs. 8pm There are no words for a.m. or p.m. in German, but to differentiate between the two, you can simply use the 24 hour clock. For example:

es ist um acht Uhr it’s at 8am

es ist um zwanzig Uhr it’s at 8pm

How would you say this in German using the 24 hour clock?

Dinner is at eight o’clock.

Dinner is at eight o’clock. Das Abendessen ist um zwanzig Uhr.

How would you say this in German?

Breakfast is at 7am.

Breakfast is at 7am. Das Frühstück ist um sieben Uhr.

How would you say this in German?

Dinner is at 5pm.

Dinner is at 5pm. Das Abendessen ist um siebzehn Uhr.

This phrase is used a bit differently to the English equivalents:

um halb … It means “at half past …” and you can put any number on the dots You pronounce it “um halb …”

Half past… In German, the phrase “um halb…” is used differently to the English phrase “at half pas…”. In German, you say “at half to…” and you put the next hour rather than “half past…”. So, for example, if you want to say “at half past two” in German, you would say “at half to three” – “um halb drei”. For example:

es ist um halb fünf it’s at half past four (literally “half to five”)

es ist um halb zwanzig it’s at half past seven (literally “half to eight”)

How would you say this in German?

Lunch is at half past two.

Lunch is at half past two. Das Mittagessen is um halb fünfzehn.

How would you say this in German?

It’s at half past five.

It’s at half past five. Es ist um halb sechs.

WORD LIST SO FAR um…Uhr – at…o’clock um halb…– at half past…

How would you say this in German?

The reservation is at half past three.

The reservation is at half past three. Die Reservierung ist um halb vier.

How would you say this using the 24 hour clock?

It’s at half past two. (14:30)

It’s at half past two. Es ist um halb fünfzehn.

Let’s add another time phrase:

um viertel nach … It means “at quarter past…” and, again, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “um fear-tell nak…”

How would you say this in German?

Lunch is at quarter past two.

Lunch is at quarter past two. Das Mittagessen ist um viertel nach vierzehn.

How would you say this in German?

It’s at quarter past four.

It’s at quarter past four. Es ist um viertel nach vier.

How would you say this in German?

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven.

I would like to make a reservation at quarter past seven. Ich möchte eine Reservierung um viertel nach neunzehn vornehmen.

How would you say this using the 24 hour clock?

It’s at 17:15.

It’s at 17:15. Es ist um viertel nach siebzehn.

How would you say this in German?

My reservation is at 6:15pm.

My reservation is at 6:15pm. Meine Reservierung ist um viertel nach achtzehn.

How would you say this in German?

Breakfast is at quarter past eight.

Breakfast is at quarter past eight. Das Frühstück ist um viertel nach acht.

Let’s add another time phrase:

um viertel vor… It means “at quarter to…” and, as always, you can put any number where the dots are You pronounce it “um fear-tell for”

How would you say this in German?

My reservation is at quarter to eight.

My reservation is at quarter to eight. Meine Reservierung ist um viertel vor acht.

How would you say this in German?

Lunch is at quarter to two.

Lunch is at quarter to two. Das Mittagessen ist um viertel vor vierzehn.

How would you say this in German?

It’s at quarter to seven.

It’s at quarter to seven. Es ist um viertel vor sieben.

How would you say this using the 24 hour clock?

Dinner is at quarter to seven.

Dinner is at quarter to seven. Das Abendessen ist um viertel vor neunzehn.

When you want to ask somebody what the time is right now, you can use this useful question:

Wie spät ist es? It means “What time is it?” You pronounce it “vee shpayt ist ess” Literally, this question means “How late is it?” but you use it to simply mean “What time is it?”

How would you say this in German?

Excuse me, what time is it?

Excuse me, what time is it? Entschuldigung, wie spät ist es?

What time is it right now? All of the time phrases I’ve given you above mean “at” a specific time. They all start with the word “um”. However, if you want to say what time it is right now, you can leave the “um” out.

es ist sieben Uhr it is seven o’clock

es ist viertel nach sieben it is quarter past seven

es ist viertel vor sieben it is quarter to seven

es ist halb acht it is half past seven

How would you say this in German?

It is four o’clock.

It is four o’clock. Es ist vier Uhr.

How would you say this in German?

It is half past nine.

It is half past nine. Es ist halb zehn.

How would you say this in German?

It is 2pm.

It is 2pm. Es ist vierzehn Uhr.

Other times In this lesson, we’ve learnt how to say o’clock, half past, quarter past, and quarter to. But, what about the other times, like five past or twenty past? Well, in German, for anything past the hour, you use the word “nach”, which means “past”. So, “five past seven” would be “fünf nach sieben”. For anything to the hour, you use the word “vor”, which means “to”. So, “five to seven” would be “fünf vor sieben”. If you turn the page, I’ve listed most of the common times. You can change the seven or eight to any number you like.

07:00 – sieben Uhr 07:05 – fünf nach sieben 07:10 – zehn nach sieben 07:15 – viertel nach sieben 07:20 – zwanzig nach sieben 07:25 – fünf und zwanzig nach sieben 07:30 – halb acht 07:35 – fünf und zwanzig vor acht 07:40 – zwanzig vor acht 07:45 – viertel vor acht 07:50 – zehn vor acht 07:55 – fünf vor acht 08:00 – acht Uhr

WORD LIST SO FAR um…Uhr – at…o’clock um halb…– at half past… um viertel nach…– at quarter past… um viertel vor…– at quarter to… wie spät ist es? – what time is it ? es ist… Uhr – it is…o’clock (right now)

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At half past two

2.

It’s at quarter past nine

3.

It’s at quarter to eight

4.

It’s half past four

5.

It’s quarter to three

6.

It’s at half past four

7.

It’s at quarter to six

8.

It’s half past five

9.

Dinner is at eight o’clock

10. It’s two o’clock

1.

Um halb drei

2.

Es ist um viertel nach neun

3.

Es ist viertel vor acht

4.

Es ist halb fünf

5.

Es ist viertel vor drei

6.

Es ist um halb fünf

7.

Es ist um viertel vor sechs

8.

Es ist halb sechs

9.

Das Abendessen ist um acht Uhr

10. Es ist zwei Uhr

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Es ist um viertel nach sechs 2. Es ist viertel nach zwei 3. Das Mittagessen ist um drei Uhr 4. Es ist um viertel vor sieben 5. Es ist um neun Uhr 6. Es ist um halb zehn 7. Es ist zwölf Uhr 8. Es ist um zwei Uhr 9. Es ist um zwölf Uhr 10. Es ist zehn vor zehn

1. It’s at quarter past six 2. It’s quarter past two 3. Lunch is at three o’clock 4. It’s at quarter to seven 5. It’s at nine o’clock 6. It’s at half past nine 7. It is twelve o’clock 8. It’s at two o’clock 9. It’s at twelve o’clock 10. It’s ten to ten

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please

2.

Can I hire a car for two weeks, please?

3.

It isn’t good

4.

The chicken is very good but the pizza is extraordinary

5.

The restaurant is very good

6.

I think my lunch is fantastic

7.

My breakfast is here

8.

I would like a reservation for three people, please

9.

My hotel is terrible but the restaurant is extraordinary

10. The breakfast is absolutely fantastic here

1.

Ich möchte einen Tee für mich und einen Kaffee für sie, bitte

2.

Kann ich ein Auto für zwei Woche bitte mieten?

3.

Es ist nicht gut

4.

Das Hähnchen ist aussergewöhnlich

5.

Das Restaurant ist sehr gut

6.

Für much ist das Mittagessen fantastisch

7.

Mein Frühstück ist sehr gut

8.

Ich möchte eine Reservierung für drei Personen, bitte

9.

Mein hotel ist schrecklich aber das Restaurant ist aussergewöhnlich

sehr

gut

aber

10. Das Frühstück ist ganz fantastisch hier

die

Pizza

ist

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Ich möchte eine Flasche Wein. Wie viel kostet es? 2. Das ist nicht meine Pizza 3. Der Wein ist vier Euro 4. Ich möchte einen Tisch für zwei, bitte 5. Mein Hähnchen ist perfekt 6. Die Pizza ist perfekt 7. Ich möchte drei Kaffees und zwei Tees, bitte. Wie viel kostet es? 8. Es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich hier 9. Nein, danke 10. Es ist zehn Euro pro Flasche

1. I would like a bottle of wine. How much does it cost? 2. That isn’t my pizza 3. The wine is four euros 4. I would like a table for two, please 5. My chicken is perfect 6. The pizza is perfect 7. I would like three coffees and two teas, please. How much does it cost? 8. It’s absolutely extraordinary here 9. No, thank you 10. It’s ten euros per bottle

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. a car 2. a month 3. see you soon 4. fantastic 5. the dinner 6. my (plural) 7. it isn’t 8. is 9. per month 10. (to) make (a reservation) 11. for him 12. but 13. (to) try 14. that 15. a reservation 16. per day 17. delicious 18. the hotel 19. my 20. a leek 21. (to) pay (for) 22. everybody 23. a week 24. a coffee 25. a table 26. may I? 27. absolutely 28. two months 29. here 30. the chicken 31. the bill

32. are 33. the lunch 34. the fish 35. a 36. the food 37. for me 38. I think 39. terrible 40. two weeks 41. good 42. and 43. What time is it? 44. have a good evening 45. at quarter past… 46. everything 47. very 48. have a good day 49. perfect 50. good evening 51. at…O'Clock 52. one day 53. per week 54. hello 55. it is 56. excuse me 57. thank you 58. extraordinary 59. cents 60. a carrot 61. also 62. aren't 63. the water 64. no 65. a tea 66. beautiful 67. the (plural)

68. nice 69. it is… O'Clock 70. two people 71. How much does it cost? 72. the wine 73. yes 74. I would like 75. at quarter to… 76. a bottle of wine 77. for her 78. that is… 79. can I? 80. (at) what time 81. a bottle of water 82. euros 83. per 84. at half past… 85. goodbye 86. please 87. the breakfast 88. per person 89. the restaurant 90. goodnight 91. the pizza 92. isn’t 93. always 94. (to) hire / (to) rent 95. two days

1. ein Auto (neuter) 2. ein Monat (masculine) 3. bis bald 4. fantastisch 5. das Abendessen 6. meine 7. es ist nicht 8. ist 9. pro Monat 10. vornehmen (eine Reservierung) 11. für ihn 12. aber 13. probieren 14. das 15. eine Reservierung 16. pro Tag 17. lecker 18. das Hotel 19. mein / meine / mein 20. ein Lauch 21. bezahlen 22. jedermann 23. eine Woche 24. ein Kaffee 25. ein Tisch 26. darf ich? 27. ganz 28. zwei Monate 29. hier 30. das Hähnchen 31. die Rechnung 32. sind 33. das Mittagessen 34. der Fisch 35. ein / eine / ein

36. das Essen 37. für mich 38. für mich 39. schrecklich 40. zwei Wochen 41. gut 42. und 43. Wie spät ist es? 44. schönen Abend noch 45. um viertel nach… 46. alles 47. sehr 48. schönen Tag noch 49. perfekt 50. guten Abend 51. um…Uhr 52. ein Tag (masculine) 53. pro Woche 54. hallo 55. es ist 56. entschuldigung 57. danke 58. aussergewöhnlich 59. Cents 60. eine Karotte 61. auch 62. sind nicht 63. das Wasser 64. nein 65. ein Tee 66. schön 67. die 68. nett 69. es ist… Uhr 70. zwei Personen 71. Wieviel kostet es?

72. der Wein 73. ja 74. ich möchte 75. um viertel vor… 76. eine Flasche Wein 77. für sie 78. das ist… 79. kann ich? 80. um wie vie Uhr 81. eine Flasche Wasser 82. Euro 83. pro 84. um halb… (the next hour) 85. auf Wiedersehen 86. bitte 87. das Frühstück 88. pro Person 89. das Restaurant 90. gute Nacht 91. die Pizza 92. ist nicht 93. immer 94. mieten 95. zwei Tage

Danke Before you go, I’d like to say “danke” for buying this book. There are lots of German books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons thirteen to fifteen of my “3 Minute German” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons sixteen to eighteen, and further books after that to continue building your German language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, danke und bis bald!

3 MINUTE GERMAN LESSONS 16 – 18 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2017 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Mother Dearest... I’d like to dedicate this book to my mum, who has given me so much in life, as well as life itself. Thank you for your unequalled support, and thank you for being the one person in the world who has always held unwavering belief in everything I do. You’re the hardest working person I know and you have pushed me to be the greatest version of myself that I can be. Hallo und wilkommen (hello and welcome) to “3 Minute German” I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak German. The lessons in this book lead on from the last book “3 Minute German: Lessons 13-15”. The methodology will get you speaking quickly, without the struggle normally associated with language learning. I’ll not bore you with my life story or intricate details of the history of the methodology; I know you probably just want to start learning German now, so I’ll let you get on with it. Actually, I’ve changed my mind, I will bore you a little before we start. It’s my book! I’ll keep it as brief as I can though. I’ve been tutoring people for over ten years on a one-to-one basis in a range of subjects. I love languages, I love learning and I love teaching. I also love chocolate, but this isn’t really the place to discuss my chocoholism. I’m very lucky that I get to teach people every day. However, I can’t fit everybody who asks me into my schedule so, regrettably, I end up turning a lot of people away. I wish I could teach the whole world but I’m yet to figure out a way of duplicating myself!

The next best thing is to teach through the medium of a book. So, that’s what I’ve decided to do. If you're reading this book, then I will soon be teaching you the glorious splendour that is the German language. Anyway, I'll stop blathering on in a minute and we'll get started with learning. But, firstly, let me just say this... Hullabaloo! No, I'm joking, of course, let me say this instead... We are all human beings, which means we all possess the attributes that make us human beings. There's a wonderful quote by a man called Terence: “I am human, and nothing that is human is alien to me”

What it means is that if one person is capable of something, then we are all capable of it, because we’re all humans too. There's nothing in the world that I cannot understand if somebody before me has succeeded in understanding it. Therefore, it’s only logical that since there are more than 100 million people in the world who have managed to learn to speak German, then you can learn it too! Anyway, philosophising over. Let's begin.

Contents LESSON 16 LESSON 17 Orte zu besuchen - places to visit LESSON 18 im Hotel - at the hotel Danke

LESSON 16 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? what time is it? it is…o’clock (at)…o’clock (at) half past… (at) quarter past… (at) quarter to… If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s your first word for this lesson:

ein Taxi It means “a taxi” and it’s a neuter word You pronounce it “eyn tak-see”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a taxi, please.

I would like a taxi, please. Ich möchte ein Taxi, bitte.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a taxi at three o’clock.

I would like a taxi at three o’clock. Ich möchte ein Taxi um drei Uhr.

How would you say this in German?

I would like a taxi for two people.

I would like a taxi for two people. Ich möchte ein Taxi für zwei Personen.

If you book a taxi, you’ll probably need to give them this:

die Adresse It means “the address” You pronounce it “dee ah-dress-er”

How would you say this in German?

The address is “Schulstrasse 2”.

The address is “Schulstrasse 2”. Die Adresse ist "Schulstrasse zwei".

How would you say this in German?

The address is “Schorbachstrasse 9”.

The address is “ Schorbachstrasse 9”. Die Adresse ist "Schorbachstrasse neun".

Here’s a useful question phrase:

Was ist…? It means “what is…?” You pronounce it “vass isst”

How would you say this in German?

What is the address?

What is the address? Was ist die Adresse?

Saxon Genitive The Saxon Genitive is the proper name for the “apostrophe s” in English, which we use to show to whom something belongs. In German, however, the apostrophe s doesn’t exist. There are two things you can do: either just put an S on the end (usually with names) or use a special form of the word “the” called the “Genitive Case”. The easiest is just to put an “S” on the end. You can do this when you’re using a name:

Pauls Haus Paul’s house

Marias Auto Maria’s car

Karls Buch Karl’s book The second way is used when you’re not using a name. It’s called the Genitive Case and it uses two special forms of the word “the”

des for masculine and neuter words

der for feminine and plural words These special forms really mean “of the”. So, if you want to say something like “the restaurant’s address”, you would have to say “the address of the restaurant” in German, using the Genitive Case for the “of the” bit.

One extra thing to remember is that if the noun is masculine or neuter, you should add an “S” to the end of it, too.

die Adresse des Hotels the hotel’s address (the address of the hotel)

die Adresse des Restaurants the restaurant’s address (the address of the restaurant)

das Ende der Woche the end of the week

See if you can figure out how to say this in German?

What is the restaurant’s address?

What is the restaurant’s address? Was ist die Adresse des Restaurants?

How would you say this in German?

What is Maria’s address?

What is Maria’s address? Was ist Marias Adresse?

How would you say this in German?

Paul’s chicken is delicious.

Paul’s chicken is delicious. Pauls Hähnchen ist lecker.

How would you say this in German?

The hotel’s address.

The hotel’s address. Die Adresse des Hotels.

WORD LIST SO FAR ein Taxi – a taxi die Adresse – the address was ist… ? – what is…? des / der – of the Pauls Adresse – Paul’s address die Adresse des Hotels – the hotel’s address die Adresse des Restaurants – the restaurant’s address

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

I would like a taxi at quarter to one

2.

What is the soup?

3.

What is the hotel’s address?

4.

I would like a taxi, please

5.

I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

6.

What is the address?

7.

I would like a taxi for eight people at five o’clock and the address is Kapperweg 18

8.

I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four

9.

I would like a taxi at half past one

10. I would like a taxi at quarter to two

1.

Ich möchte ein Taxi um viertel vor eins

2.

Was ist die Suppe?

3.

Was ist die Adresse des Hotels?

4.

Ich möchte ein Taxi, bitte

5.

Ich möchte ein Taxi um vier Uhr, bitte

6.

Was ist die Adresse?

7.

Ich möchte ein Taxi für acht Personen um fünf Uhr und die Adresse ist achtzehn Kapperweg

8.

Ich möchte ein Taxi für drei Personen um viertel vor vier

9.

Ich möchte ein Taxi um halb zwei

10. Ich möchte ein Taxi um viertel vor zwei

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ich möchte ein Taxi um halb drei 2. Was ist die Adresse des Hotels? 3. Meine Adresse ist Sudentenstrasse achtzehn 4. Ich möchte ein Taxi für drei Personen um viertel vor vier, bitte 5. ich mochte ein Taxi um viertel vor eins 6. Die Adresse des Hotels ist Niederkirchenerstrasse fünfzehn 7. Ich möchte ein Taxi um ein Uhr 8. Was ist die Adresse des Restaurants? 9. Die Adresse des Restaurants ist Kapperweg 10. Ich möchte ein Taxi, bitte

1. I would like a taxi at half past two 2. What is the hotel’s address? 3. My address is Sudentenstrasse 18 4. I would like a taxi for three people at quarter to four, please 5. I would like a taxi at quarter to one 6. The hotel’s address is Niederkirchenerstrasse 15 7. I would like a taxi at one o’clock 8. What is the restaurant’s address? 9. The restaurant’s address is Kapperweg 10. I would like a taxi, please

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Goodbye

2.

It’s quarter to six

3.

That is for me

4.

Excuse me, how much does a bottle of wine cost here?

5.

My car is terrible

6.

It’s ten euros

7.

The lunch is extraordinary

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s five hundred and fifty seven euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

Auf Wiedersehen

2.

Es ist viertel vor sechs

3.

Das ist für mich

4.

Entschuldigung, wie viel kostet eine Flasche Wein hier?

5.

Mein Auto ist schrecklich

6.

Es ist zehn Euros

7.

Das Mittagessen ist aussergewöhnlich

8.

Es ist halb neun

9.

Es ist fünf hundert sieben und fünfzig Euros

10. Für much ist jedermann sehr nett

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Es ist nicht sehr gut hier 2. Das Mittagessen ist aussergewöhnlich 3. Das Mittagessen ist perfekt 4. Die Pizza ist sehr gut 5. Ich mochte einen Tee für mich und einen Kaffee für sie, bitte 6. Es ist halb zwei 7. Mein Mittagessen ist ganz perfekt 8. Es ist halb sechs 9. Es ist um viertel nach fünf 10. Es ist um viertel nach siebens

1. It isn’t very good here 2. The lunch is extraordinary 3. The lunch is perfect 4. The pizza is very good 5. I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her, please 6. It’s half past one 7. My lunch is absolutely perfect 8. It’s at half past five 9. It’s at quarter past five 10. It’s at quarter past seven

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. a car 2. a month 3. a coffee 4. see you soon 5. at…O'Clock 6. two weeks 7. two people 8. please 9. the bill 10. extraordinary 11. the chicken 12. per week 13. the fish 14. per person 15. it is 16. that 17. have a good day 18. isn’t 19. and 20. it is… O'Clock

21. aren't 22. a leek 23. the address 24. I would like 25. thank you 26. goodnight 27. (to) hire / (to) rent 28. the water 29. everything 30. a bottle of wine 31. excuse me 32. have a good evening 33. it isn’t 34. per 35. the lunch 36. my 37. are 38. (at) what time 39. no 40. also 41. for her 42. the (plural) 43. a

44. very 45. for him 46. here 47. hello 48. the wine 49. a bottle of water 50. the food 51. perfect 52. at quarter to… 53. good 54. can I? 55. the restaurant 56. everybody 57. the breakfast 58. two months 59. goodbye 60. the pizza 61. the dinner 62. How much does it cost? 63. the hotel 64. Paul's address 65. may I? 66. at quarter past…

67. (to) try 68. (to) pay (for) 69. the hotel's address 70. a table 71. always 72. two days 73. a tea 74. euros 75. (to) make (a reservation) 76. a carrot 77. a reservation 78. the restaurant's address 79. delicious 80. one day 81. per month 82. absolutely 83. per day 84. that is… 85. a week 86. nice 87. terrible 88. my (plural) 89. good evening

90. I think 91. at half past… 92. is 93. beautiful 94. a taxi 95. what is…? 96. What time is it? 97. but 98. fantastic 99. for me 100. cents 101. yes 102. of the

1. ein Auto (neuter) 2. ein Monat (masculine) 3. ein Kaffee 4. bis bald 5. um…Uhr 6. zwei Wochen 7. zwei Personen 8. bitte 9. die Rechnung 10. aussergewöhnlich 11. das Hähnchen 12. pro Woche 13. der Fisch 14. pro Person 15. es ist 16. das 17. schönen Tag noch 18. ist nicht 19. und 20. es ist… Uhr 21. sind nicht 22. ein Lauch 23. die Adresse

24. ich möchte 25. danke 26. gute Nacht 27. mieten 28. das Wasser 29. alles 30. eine Flasche Wein 31. entschuldigung 32. schönen Abend noch 33. es ist nicht 34. pro 35. das Mittagessen 36. mein / meine / mein 37. sind 38. um wie vie Uhr 39. nein 40. auch 41. für sie 42. die 43. ein / eine / ein 44. sehr 45. für ihn 46. hier

47. hallo 48. der Wein 49. eine Flasche Wasser 50. das Essen 51. perfekt 52. um viertel vor… 53. gut 54. kann ich? 55. das Restaurant 56. jedermann 57. das Frühstück 58. zwei Monate 59. auf Wiedersehen 60. die Pizza 61. das Abendessen 62. Wieviel kostet es? 63. das Hotel 64. Pauls Adresse 65. darf ich? 66. um viertel nach… 67. probieren 68. bezahlen 69. die Adresse des Hotels

70. ein Tisch 71. immer 72. zwei Tage 73. ein Tee 74. Euros 75. vornehmen (eine Reservierung) 76. eine Karotte 77. eine Reservierung 78. die Adresse des Restaurants 79. lecker 80. ein Tag (masculine) 81. pro Monat 82. ganz 83. pro Tag 84. das ist… 85. eine Woche 86. nett 87. schrecklich 88. meine 89. guten Abend 90. für mich 91. um halb… (the next hour) 92. ist

93. schön 94. ein Taxi 95. was ist…? 96. Wie spät ist es? 97. aber 98. fantastisch 99. für mich 100. Cents 101. ja 102. des / der

LESSON 17 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? a taxi of what is…? the address Paul’s address the restaurant’s address the hotel’s address If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

Here’s another useful verb:

fahren It means “(to) go” You pronounce it “far-ren”

How would you say this in German?

Can I go?

Can I go? Kann ich fahren?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go, please.

I would like to go, please. Ich möchte bitte fahren.

How would you say this in German?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? Um wie viel Uhr kann ich fahren?

Go in German In German, there are two ways to say “go”. We’ve already seen “fahren” but there is a second way, “gehen”. The word “gehen” has a very limited usage; it means “to go” only when you’re going somewhere on foot. You can use “fahren” when you’re not going on foot. For example:

Ich möchte gehen. I would like to go (on foot).

Ich möchte fahren. I would like to go (travel).

The verb “fahren” tends to go hand in hand with another little word:

fahren ans Meer It means “(to) go to the beach” You pronounce it “far-ren anss meer”

How would you say this in German?

Can I go to the beach?

Can I go to the beach? Kann ich ans Meer fahren?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock.

I would like to go to the beach at ten o’clock. Ich möchte um zehn Uhr ans Meer fahren.

WORD LIST SO FAR fahren – (to) go fahren ans Meer – (to) go to the beach

So, you can probably guess what this means now:

das Meer It means “the beach” or “the seaside” You pronounce it “dass meer”

How would you say this in German?

The beach here is beautiful.

The beach here is beautiful. Das Meer hier ist schön.

So many places to go… There are lots of different places you could visit when you’re on holiday. So, I’ve done a Vocabulary Expansion Section at the end of this lesson for you with a list of “Places to go”. Go through these places at your leisure and pick out a few places you know you’ll go to when you’re in Germany and then build a few sentences with them to learn them.

The verb “fahren” and “gehen” can be used with this word:

zu It means “to” You pronounce it “tsoo”

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go to the hotel.

I would like to go to the hotel. Ich möchte zu das Hotel fahren.

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go to the restaurant.

I would like to go to the restaurant. Ich möchte zu das Restaurant fahren.

How would you say this in German?

Can I go to the hotel?

Can I go to the hotel? Kann ich zu das Hotel fahren?

How would you say this in German?

Can I go to the restaurant?

Can I go to the restaurant? Kann ich zu das Restaurant fahren?

Anyway, here’s another word:

morgen It means “tomorrow” You pronounce it “moor-ghen”

How would you say this in German?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow?

Can I go to the restaurant tomorrow? Kann ich morgen zu das Restaurant fahren?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go tomorrow.

I would like to go tomorrow. Ich möchte morgen fahren.

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow.

I would like to go to the restaurant tomorrow. Ich möchte morgen zu das Restaurant fahren.

How would you say this in German?

What time is the reservation tomorrow?

What time is the reservation tomorrow? Um wie viel Uhr ist die Reservierung morgen?

How would you say this in German?

The reservation is for tomorrow.

The reservation is for tomorrow. Die Reservierung ist für morgen.

Here’s another time phrase:

heute Abend It means “tonight” or “this evening” You pronounce it “hoi-ter ah-bent”

How would you say this in German?

Can I go this evening?

Can I go this evening? Kann ich heute Abend fahren?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight.

I would like to go to the restaurant tonight. Ich möchte heute Abend zu das Restaurant fahren.

Here is a very strange word in German. I quite like it, I hope you do too:

bei We don’t really have an equivalent in English, but it sort of means “at the place of” or “at the house of” You pronounce it “by”

Bei – at the place of Bei is a very strange word in German. It is used to say “at the house of” or “at the place of”. For example:

bei Paul at Paul’s house

bei Maria at Maria’s house If you want to say “at my house” or “my place” in German, you have to say “at the place of me” and you use a different word for “me”, “mir”:

bei mir at my house

Ich möchte bei mir fahren I would like to go home (literally: I would like to go to my place)

How would you say this in German?

At Paul’s house.

As Paul’s house. Bei Paul.

The word “bei” can be put in front of names to mean “at the house of” or “to the house of”. So, how would you say this in German?

What time can I go to Maria’s house?

What time can I go to Maria’s house? Um wie viel Uhr kann ich bei Maria fahren?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to go home.

I would like to go home. Ich möchte bei mir fahren.

WORD LIST SO FAR fahren – (to) go (travel) gehen – (to) go (on foot) ans Meer – to the beach das Meer – the beach / the seaside morgen – tomorrow heute Abend – this evening / tonight bei – “at the house of” bei Paul – at Paul’s house bei mir – at my house zu – to zu das Hotel – to the hotel zu das Restaurant – to the restaurant

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

At Peter’s house

2.

What time can I go to the restaurant?

3.

Can I go to the theatre tomorrow?

4.

At Paul’s house

5.

I would like to go to Peter’s house

6.

I would like to go at half past four

7.

At Maria’s house

8.

I’d like to go at quarter to three

9.

I’d like a taxi for three people at four o’clock and I’d like to go to the beach

10. I’d like to go to Maria’s house tonight

1.

Bei Peter

2.

Um wie viel Uhr kann ich zu das Restaurant fahren?

3.

Kann ich morgen zu das Theater fahren?

4.

Bei Paul

5.

Ich möchte bei Peter fahren

6.

Ich möchteum halb fünf fahren

7.

Bei Maria

8.

Ich möchte um viertel vor drei fahren

9.

Ich möchte ein Taxi für drei Personen um vier Uhr und ich möchte ans Meer fahren

10. Ich möchte heute Abend bei Maria fahren

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ich möchte um halb acht ans Meer fahren 2. Ich möchte um viertel nach vier fahren 3. Bei Maria 4. Ich möchte um viertel vor vier fahren 5. Ich möchte morgen bei Paul fahren 6. Ich möchte heute Abend zu das Hotel fahren 7. Kann ich bei Maria fahren? 8. Um wie viel Uhr kann ich bei Peter fahren? 9. Bei Helen 10. Um wie viel Uhr kann ich zu die Bank fahren?

1. I would like to go to the beach at half past seven 2. I would like to go at quarter past four 3. At Maria’s house 4. I would like to go at quarter to four 5. I would like to go to Paul’s house tomorrow 6. I would like to go to the hotel tonight/this evening 7. Can I go to Maria’s house? 8. What time can I go to Peter’s house? 9. At Helen’s house 10. What time can I go to the bank?

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

At half past seven

2.

It’s at quarter past four

3.

It’s good here

4.

It’s half past ten

5.

My breakfast is perfect

6.

I would like two bottles of wine, please

7.

The breakfast here is terrible

8.

It’s half past eight

9.

It’s two hundred and ten euros

10. I think everybody is very nice

1.

Um halb acht

2.

Es ist um viertel nach vier

3.

Es ist gut hier

4.

Es ist halb elf

5.

Mein Frühstück ist perfekt

6.

Ich möchte zwei Flasche Wein, bitte

7.

Das Frühstück hier ist schrecklich

8.

Es ist halb neun

9.

Es ist zwei hundred zehn Euros

10. Für mich ist jedermann sehr nett

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Meine Pizza ist lecker 2. Es ist nicht gut ; es ist ganz aussergewöhnlich 3. Das Frühstück hier ist ganz fantastisch 4. Es ist fantastisch 5. Es ist nicht für mich 6. Für mich ist alles perfekt 7. Wie viel kostet es für einen Monat? 8. Es ist um sechs Uhr 9. Mein Mittagessen ist fantastisch 10. Ich möchte ein Taxi um vier Uhr, bitte

1. My pizza is delicious 2. It isn’t good; it’s absolutely extraordinary 3. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic 4. It’s fantastic 5. It isn’t for me 6. I think everything is perfect 7. How much does it cost for one month? 8. It’s at six o’clock 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. I would like a taxi at four o’clock, please

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. a car 2. a month 3. at quarter to… 4. euros 5. always 6. have a good day 7. the restaurant's address 8. a bottle of wine 9. the water 10. a taxi 11. at my house 12. hello 13. see you soon 14. goodbye 15. isn’t 16. (at) what time 17. (to) make (a reservation) 18. per week 19. aren't 20. the beach / the seaside

21. very 22. per day 23. here 24. what is…? 25. to the hotel 26. but 27. (to) go (travel) 28. the wine 29. cents 30. that 31. a 32. I would like 33. my 34. excuse me 35. delicious 36. for her 37. the fish 38. I think 39. yes 40. the lunch 41. a table 42. at…O'Clock 43. fantastic

44. everything 45. Paul's address 46. extraordinary 47. the restaurant 48. no 49. the hotel's address 50. per 51. How much does it cost? 52. nice 53. a reservation 54. of the 55. (to) try 56. this evening / tonight 57. for him 58. everybody 59. my (plural) 60. two weeks 61. beautiful 62. the address 63. a coffee 64. is 65. the chicken 66. (to) hire / (to) rent

67. for me 68. (to) go (on foot) 69. absolutely 70. to the beach 71. the pizza 72. a week 73. a tea 74. per month 75. two people 76. have a good evening 77. at half past… 78. and 79. at quarter past… 80. What time is it? 81. a bottle of water 82. it is 83. the food 84. one day 85. a carrot 86. the dinner 87. the breakfast 88. thank you 89. also

90. may I? 91. a leek 92. please 93. to the restaurant 94. the (plural) 95. the hotel 96. at Paul's house 97. terrible 98. perfect 99. it isn’t 100. are 101. it is… O'Clock 102. two days 103. good 104. (to) pay (for) 105. "at the house of" 106. tomorrow 107. to 108. that is… 109. can I? 110. per person 111. good evening 112. the bill

113. two months 114. goodnight

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

ein Auto (neuter) ein Monat (masculine) um viertel vor… Euros immer schönen Tag noch die Adresse des Restaurants eine Flasche Wein das Wasser ein Taxi bei mir hallo bis bald auf Wiedersehen ist nicht um wie vie Uhr vornehmen (eine Reservierung) pro Woche sind nicht das Meer sehr pro Tag hier was ist…? zu das Hotel aber fahren der Wein Cents das ein / eine / ein ich möchte mein / meine / mein entschuldigung lecker

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

für sie der Fisch für mich ja das Mittagessen ein Tisch um…Uhr fantastisch alles Pauls Adresse aussergewöhnlich das Restaurant nein die Adresse des Hotels pro Wieviel kostet es? nett eine Reservierung des / der probieren heute Abend für ihn jedermann meine zwei Wochen schön die Adresse ein Kaffee ist das Hähnchen mieten für mich gehen ganz ans Meer die Pizza eine Woche

73. ein Tee 74. pro Monat 75. zwei Personen 76. schönen Abend noch 77. um halb… (the next hour) 78. und 79. um viertel nach… 80. Wie spät ist es? 81. eine Flasche Wasser 82. es ist 83. das Essen 84. ein Tag (masculine) 85. eine Karotte 86. das Abendessen 87. das Frühstück 88. danke 89. auch 90. darf ich? 91. ein Lauch 92. bitte 93. zu das Restaurant 94. die 95. das Hotel 96. bei Paul 97. schrecklich 98. perfekt 99. es ist nicht 100. sind 101. es ist… Uhr 102. zwei Tage 103. gut 104. bezahlen 105. bei 106. morgen 107. zu 108. das ist… 109. kann ich?

110. 111. 112. 113. 114.

pro Person guten Abend die Rechnung zwei Monate gute Nacht

Vocabulary Expansion Section

Orte zu besuchen places to visit

Touristenattraktion

tourist attractions

der Zoo the zoo das Aquarium the aquarium der Botanischer Garten the botanical garden der Themenpark the theme park die Kunstgalerie the art gallery (museum) das Sportstadion the sport stadium der Wasserpark the water park das Opernhaus the opera house das Theater the theatre das Kino the cinema die Bowlingbahn the bowling alley die Burg the castle das Museum the museum die Bibliothek the library der Strand the beach die Meeresküste the seaside der Park the park der Wald the forest das Waldland the woodland das Fluss the river der Kanal the canal der See the lake das Meer the sea die Bar the bar das Restaurant the restaurant das Hotel the hotel das Café the cafe das Internet-Café the internet cafe die Jugendherberge the youth hostel das Schwimmbad the swimming baths das Stadion the stadium die Turnhalle the gym

Andachtsort

places of worship

der Dom the cathedral die Moschee the mosque die Synagoge the synagogue der Tempel the temple das Frauenkloster the convent das Kloster the monastery die Kirche the church die Basilika the basilica die Kapelle the chapel die Redenkunst the oratory das Grab the shrine die Pagode the pagoda

die wesentlichen Ortethe essential places das Rathaus the town hall das Stadthaus the city hall das Fremdenverkehrsbüro tourist information office das Polizeirevier the police station die Stadt the town/ city das Dorf the village das Krankenhaus the hospital das Stadtzentrum the town/ city centre die Bank the bank die Post the post office die(Grund)schule the (primary) school die Mittelschule the secondary school die Universität the university

die Läden

the shops

die Fleischerei the butcher das Feinkostgeschäft the delicatessen die Bäckerei the bakery der Gemüseladen the greengrocer’s das Fischgeschäft the fishmonger’s die Konditorei the cake shop das Kaufhaus the department store der Supermarkt the supermarket das Einkaufzentrum the hypermarket die Käserei the cheese shop das Reformhaus the health food shop das Schuhgeschäft the shoe shop die chermische Reinigung the dry cleaner’s der Schuster the cobbler’s die Wäscherei the laundrette das Möbelgeschäft the furniture shop die Drogerie/ Apotheke the chemist’s die Buchhandlung the book shop der Antiquitätenladen the antique shop der Markt the market der Flohmarkt the flea market die Kunstgalerie the art gallery das Eisenwarengeschäft the hardware shop der Kosmetiksalon the beauty parlour das Süßwarengeschäft the sweet shop der Porzellanladen the china shop das Elektrowarengeschäft the electrical goods shop das Modehaus the fashion boutique der Obststand the fruit stand das Schmuckgeschäft the jewellery shop das Lederwarengeschäft the leather goods shop das Blumengeschäft the florist’s der Immobilienmakler the estate agent’s

der Optiker the optician’s der Arzt the doctor’s der Rechtsanwalt the lawyer’s der Friseur the hairdresser’s der Andenkenladen the souvenir shop die Eisdiele the ice-cream parlour das Schreibwarengeschäftthe stationery shop das Reisebüro the travel agent’s das Sportgeschäft the sport shop das Spielwarengeschäft the toy shop die Weinhandlung the wine shop der Zeitungskiosk the newsagent die Parfümerie the perfume shop die Tierhandlung the animal shop

die Beförderung

the transport

der Bahnof the train station das Gleis the platform der Omnibusbahnof the bus station die Bushaltestelle the bus stop der Flughafen the airport der Taxistand the taxi rank der Hafen the harbour der Parkplatz the car park der U-Bahnof the underground

LESSON 18 Let’s start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say the following in German? to “at the house of” at Paul’s house tomorrow the beach to the beach to go (travel) to go (on foot) tonight/this evening If there are any words you can’t remember, go back to the last lesson and have a quick review of them before you start this lesson. It’s really important that you remember the words you’ve learnt so far before you move on to learn any more.

If you’re going to a hotel, you’ll probably need one of these. It’s a neuter word:

ein Zimmer It means “a room” You pronounce it “eyn tsih-mer”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a room for tonight.

I would like a room for tonight. Ich möchte ein Zimmer für heute Abend.

How would you say this in German?

How much does a room cost for one night?

How much is a room for one night? Wie viel kostet ein Zimmer für eine Nacht?

How would you say this in German?

The room is here.

The room is here. Das Zimmer ist hier.

Here’s your word in German:

mit It means “with” You pronounce it “mit”

How would you say this in German?

Can I go with Peter?

Can I go with Peter? Kann ich mit Peter fahren?

How would you say this in German?

Pierre is with me.

Pierre is with me. Peter ist mit mir.

How would you say this in German?

Peter and Maria are with Johann and me.

mit The word “mit” means “with”. Last lesson, we had the word “bei” and I said that if you want to say “at my house”, you say “bei mir”. Well, the word “mir” is used after “mit” too, to mean “with me” – “mit mir”. So, we’ve got “mit mir” meaning “with me” and “für mich” meaning “for me”.

mit mir with me

für mich for me There are two words, therefore, for “me”. For now, just remember these two phrases; we’ll look at the difference in more detail in another book.

Peter and Maria are with Johann and me. Peter und Maria sind hier mit Johann und mir.

Anyway, back to the hotel. You might like a room with one of these:

ein Balkon It means “a balcony” You pronounce it “eyn bal-kon”

When you say “with”, you don’t need to say “a”. So…:

mit Balkon It means “with a balcony” You pronounce it “mit bal-kon”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a room with a balcony.

I would like a room with a balcony. Ich möchte ein Zimmer mit Balkon.

How would you say this in German?

How much does a room with a balcony cost?

How much does a room with a balcony cost? Wie viel kostet ein Zimmer mit Balkon?

WORD LIST SO FAR ein Zimmer – a room (neuter) mit – with mit mir – with me ein Balkon – a balcony (masculine) mit Balkon – with a balcony

How would you say this in German?

The balcony is very beautiful.

The balcony is very beautiful. Der Balkon ist sehr schön.

Here’s your next word in German. It’s a neuter noun:

ein Fernsehen It means “a television” You pronounce it “eyn fairn-zay-en”

Again, you can put “mit” in front of this word:

mit Fernsehen It means “with a television” You pronounce it “mit fairn-zay-en”

How would you say this in German?

I would like a room with a television.

I would like a room with a television. Ich möchte ein Zimmer mit Fernsehen.

How would you say this in German?

Also, I would like a television.

Also, I would like a television. Auch möchte ich ein Fernsehen.

How would you say this in German?

My television is terrible.

My television is terrible. Mein Fernsehen ist schrecklich.

Here’s a handy phrase you can put on the end of things in German:

…funktioniert nicht It means “…doesn’t work” You pronounce it “…funk-shon-eert nikt”

How would you say this in German?

The television doesn’t work.

The television doesn’t work. Das Fernsehen funktioniert nicht.

How would you say this in German?

That doesn’t work.

That doesn’t work. Das funktioniert nicht.

How would you say this in German?

Excuse me, that doesn’t work.

Excuse me, that doesn’t work. Entschuldigung, das funktioniert nicht.

This is always useful for paying for things:

eine Karte It means “a card” You pronounce it “eyn-er kar-ter”

How would you say this in German?

My card doesn’t work.

My card doesn’t work. Meine Karte funktioniert nicht.

The hotel There are lots of things that you might like to have in your hotel room and lots of things that would be perfect accompaniments for the “… funktioniert nicht” phrase. Therefore, I’ve written a Vocabulary Expansion Section for hotel terminology. You can find it at the end of this lesson.

You might like to try this phrase, it literally translates as “with card”:

mit Karte It means “by card” You pronounce it “mit kar-ter”

How would you say this in German?

Can I pay by card?

Can I pay by card? Kann ich mit Karte bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

I would like to pay by card.

I would like to pay by card. Ich möchte mit Karte bezahlen.

How would you say this in German?

I would like to pay for the food by card.

I would like to pay for the food by card. Ich möchte das Essen mit Karte bezahlen.

WORD LIST SO FAR ein Zimmer – a room (neuter) mit – with mit mir – with me ein Balkon – a balcony (masculine) mit Balkon – with a balcony ein Fernsehen – a television (neuter) mit Fernsehen – with a television …funktioniert nicht – …doesn’t work eine Karte – a card mit Karte – by card

It’s time to practise what we’ve learnt in this lesson. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can write down the following sentences in German. Then, turn the page and you can check the answers.

1.

May I pay with a card, please?

2.

Also, with a television, please

3.

Excuse me, the television doesn’t work

4.

I would like a room with a bathtub, please

5.

I would like a balcony

6.

Excuse me, the air conditioning doesn’t work

7.

How much does it cost for two weeks?

8.

I would like a room with a balcony, please

9.

I would like a room for tonight, please

10. I would like a room with a television

1.

Darf ich mit Karte bitte bezahlen?

2.

Auch mit Fernsehen, bitte

3.

Entschuldigung, das Fernsehen funktioniert nicht

4.

Ich möchte ein Zimmer mit Bad, bitte

5.

Ich möchte einen Balkon

6.

Entschuldigung, die Klimaanlage funktioniert nicht

7.

Wie viel kostet es für zwei Woche?

8.

Ich möchte ein Zimmer mit Balkon, bitte

9.

Ich möchte ein Zimmer für heute Abend, bitte

10. Ich möchte ein Zimmer mit Fernsehen

Now, let’s have a go at doing some reverse translations. Again, write down the English translations of the following German sentences, then turn the page and check to see if you were correct.

1. Ich möchte einen Balkon 2. Ich möchte ein Zimmer für zwei Personen 3. Kann ich mit Karte bitte bezahlen? 4. Ich möchte ein Zimmer für heute Abend, bitte 5. Ich möchte ein Zimmer mit Balkon, bitte 6. Ich möchte ein King-Size Bett, bitte 7. Entschuldigung, der Ofen funktioniert nicht 8. Ich möchte ein Zimmer für eine Woche, bitte 9. Der Balkon ist perfekt 10. Der Schlüssel funktioniert nicht

1. I would like a balcony 2. I would like a room for two people 3. Can I pay by card, please? 4. I would like a room for tonight, please 5. I would like a room with a balcony, please 6. I would like a king-sized bed, please 7. Excuse me, the oven doesn’t work 8. I would like a room for one week, please 9. The balcony is perfect 10. The key doesn’t work

What we’re going to do now are some recap translations, which will incorporate words we learnt in the previous lessons.

1.

Good evening

2.

No, thank you

3.

It’s quarter past two

4.

A table for two, please

5.

That is for her

6.

At quarter past four

7.

Can I try the cheese, please?

8.

It’s quarter to one

9.

It’s at quarter past five

10. The breakfast here is absolutely fantastic

1.

Guten Abend

2.

Nein, danke

3.

Es ist viertel nach zwei

4.

Ein Tisch für zwei, bitte

5.

Das ist für sie

6.

Um viertel nach vier

7.

Kann ich den Käse bitte probieren?

8.

Es ist viertel vor eins

9.

Es ist um viertel nach fünf

10. Das Frühstück hier ist ganz fantastisch

Let’s now do some German to English recap translations. Grab a piece of paper and see if you can work out what these sentences mean.

1. Das Hähnchen ist ganz schrecklich 2. Entschuldigung, wie spät ist es? 3. Um wie viel Uhr ist die Reservierung? 4. Es ist um halb zwei 5. Es ist nicht sehr gut hier 6. Es ist um halb sieben 7. Auf Wiedersehen 8. Wie viel kostet es für einen Monat? 9. Mein Mittagessen ist fantastisch 10. Das Hähnchen ist sehr gut und die Karotten sind ganz fantastisch

1. The chicken is absolutely terrible 2. Excuse me, what time is it? 3. What time is the reservation? 4. It’s at half past one 5. It’s not very good here 6. It’s at half past six 7. Goodbye 8. How much does it cost for one month? 9. My lunch is fantastic 10. The chicken is very good and the carrots are absolutely fantastic

Let’s recap all the words we’ve learnt so far. How did you say these words in German? 1. here 2. the water 3. (to) go (on foot) 4. fantastic 5. everything 6. What time is it? 7. (at) what time 8. the chicken 9. with 10. (to) pay (for) 11. I would like 12. the lunch 13. the (plural) 14. the restaurant 15. the fish 16. tomorrow 17. the pizza 18. a television 19. may I? 20. at my house

21. nice 22. two people 23. a bottle of wine 24. it isn’t 25. it is… O'Clock 26. delicious 27. the hotel 28. aren't 29. my 30. with a television 31. a carrot 32. absolutely 33. the address 34. perfect 35. always 36. extraordinary 37. per month 38. the bill 39. can I? 40. the hotel's address 41. a coffee 42. a balcony 43. please

44. at quarter to… 45. to the beach 46. with a balcony 47. a card 48. at Paul's house 49. everybody 50. a reservation 51. (to) go (travel) 52. good 53. good evening 54. euros 55. for her 56. cents 57. goodbye 58. How much does it cost? 59. the breakfast 60. what is…? 61. beautiful 62. a bottle of water 63. "at the house of" 64. this evening / tonight 65. for him 66. the wine

67. a month 68. goodnight 69. per person 70. at half past… 71. a week 72. …doesn't work 73. isn’t 74. by card 75. but 76. at quarter past… 77. two days 78. is 79. and 80. a 81. no 82. I think 83. also 84. per week 85. thank you 86. see you soon 87. hello 88. to the hotel 89. to

90. for me 91. (to) make (a reservation) 92. it is 93. are 94. that 95. yes 96. with me 97. a room 98. a car 99. have a good evening 100. two weeks 101. terrible 102. excuse me 103. a leek 104. a table 105. my (plural) 106. (to) try 107. (to) hire / (to) rent 108. the beach / the seaside 109. at…O'Clock 110. the restaurant's address 111. a tea 112. per

113. have a good day 114. one day 115. of the 116. per day 117. a taxi 118. the dinner 119. that is… 120. Paul's address 121. two months 122. to the restaurant 123. very 124. the food

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

hier das Wasser gehen fantastisch alles Wie spät ist es? um wie vie Uhr das Hähnchen mit bezahlen ich möchte das Mittagessen die das Restaurant der Fisch morgen die Pizza ein Fernsehen darf ich? bei mir nett zwei Personen eine Flasche Wein es ist nicht es ist… Uhr lecker das Hotel sind nicht mein / meine / mein mit Fernsehen eine Karotte ganz die Adresse perfekt immer

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.

aussergewöhnlich pro Monat die Rechnung kann ich? die Adresse des Hotels ein Kaffee ein Balkon bitte um viertel vor… ans Meer mit Balkon eine Karte bei Paul jedermann eine Reservierung fahren gut guten Abend Euros für sie Cents auf Wiedersehen Wieviel kostet es? das Frühstück was ist…? schön eine Flasche Wasser bei heute Abend für ihn der Wein ein Monat (masculine) gute Nacht pro Person um halb… (the next hour) eine Woche …funktioniert nicht

73. ist nicht 74. mit Karte 75. aber 76. um viertel nach… 77. zwei Tage 78. ist 79. und 80. ein / eine / ein 81. nein 82. für mich 83. auch 84. pro Woche 85. danke 86. bis bald 87. hallo 88. zu das Hotel 89. zu 90. für mich 91. vornehmen (eine Reservierung) 92. es ist 93. sind 94. das 95. ja 96. mit mir 97. ein Zimmer 98. ein Auto (neuter) 99. schönen Abend noch 100. zwei Wochen 101. schrecklich 102. entschuldigung 103. ein Lauch 104. ein Tisch 105. meine 106. probieren 107. mieten 108. das Meer 109. um…Uhr

110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124.

die Adresse des Restaurants ein Tee pro schönen Tag noch ein Tag (masculine) des / der pro Tag ein Taxi das Abendessen das ist… Pauls Adresse zwei Monate zu das Restaurant sehr das Essen

Vocabulary Expansion Section

im Hotel at the hotel

ich möchte ein Zimmer...

I would like a room… mit…

with… Fernsehen a television Radio a radio Balkon a balcony Schauer a shower Bad a bathtub Aussicht a view …auf das Meer …over the sea Wasserkessel a kettle Herd a cooker Ofen an oven Mikrowellenherd a microwave Kühlschrank a fridge Gefrier-Kühlschrank a fridge-freezer Bügeleisen an iron Einzelbett a single bed zwei Einzelbetten twin beds Doppelbett a double bed King-Size Bett a kind-sized bed

die Klimaanlage the air conditioning die Heizung the heating die Lampe the lamp das Licht the light der Kessel the boiler der Schlüssel the key das Wi-Fi the Wi-Fi das Wi-Fi Passwort the Wi-Fi password

…funktioniert nicht …doesn’t work

Danke Before you go, I’d like to say “danke” for buying this book. There are lots of German books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book contained lessons sixteen to eighteen of my “3 Minute German” course. If you would like to learn more, you can get the next book in the series containing lessons nineteen to twenty-one, and further books after that to continue building your German language skills. For more information on where to get the next books, or if you’d like any more tips on language learning, you can visit my website www.3minute.club Thank you again, danke und bis bald!

BUILDING STRUCTURES IN GERMAN STRUCTURE 1 KIERAN BALL Copyright © 2016 Kieran Ball All rights reserved.

Hallo und Wilkommen (hello and welcome) to “Building Structures in German: Structure 1”. I’m Kieran and I’m a language tutor based in the UK and I wrote this book to help you to learn to speak German. The whole of the German language is made up of a number of structures. I remember one weekend, I was writing some lessons for the week ahead, when I suddenly realised this. I noticed that there are a certain number of structures in German, and that every sentence follows one of these structures. I spent the rest of the weekend working out that there are fifteen structures altogether, and I wrote them all down. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability to say a huge amount. Some structures are used more than others, and all fifteen structures together make up the whole German language. Once you’ve learnt all the structures, all you have to do is insert different words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures also help to propel you to fluency; if you can manipulate the structures at high speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to thing about how to say it. This book can be used as both a reference book and as a workbook. As I said, each structure enables you to say a huge amount, so I’ve limited each book to one structure so as not to overburden you. By looking at just one structure at a time, you can really get to grips with it and understand its usage. It will help to clarify the German language and make it more like a reflex rather than something you have to think everything through like it’s a maths equation. Before you start this book, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through loads of work, however, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like

spending hours studying German, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue but it won’t continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study time to chunks of just three minutes. No more! If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen:

Maintain enthusiasm If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won’t continue. If you limit your study time to just three minutes, you’ll keep German fresh and exciting and you’ll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying, very quickly you’ll get bored with German and it’ll turn into a chore.

More consistent studying It’s much better to study for just three minutes once a day than to study for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least one three minute study session every day, it’ll quickly become a habit that you’ll do without thinking. It’s much easier to fit in a daily three minute habit than a weekly one hour habit. By doing this, you’ll become a much more consistent learner and consistency is the key to success.

More effective memorisation This is my favourite reason as to why you should limit your study to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just three minutes every day, you’ll trick your brain into memorising the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It’ll think, “I see this information every day so it must be important, but I don’t see it for very long so I’d better hold onto it and make it into a memory fast!” You’ll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day. So, three minutes is the key! Set a timer, and once you reach three minutes, stop. Then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three

minutes. You should aim to do at least one three minute chunk every day, any more than that is a bonus, but one is fine. Just read through this book and complete the exercises, that’s all. You’ll be amazed at how much you learn.

Contents STRUCTURE 1 USING STRUCTURE 1 EXTRA INFORMATION MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? QUEL – WHICH ONE COMBIEN – HOW MUCH MORE WORDS AS A NON-QUESTION RECAP

STRUCTURE 1 The whole of the German language is made up of different structures of words. If you know the words and you know which order to put them in, you can speak the language! In the whole of the German language, there are only fifteen different structures. So, let’s get on and learn the first one.

Structure one consists of just three parts, and here is an example of it in use:

Was wollen Sie essen? What do you want to eat?

Below, I’ve broken this structure down into its three components and given each component a name:

Was 2wollen Sie 3essen? 1What 2do you want 3to eat? 1

WAS

WOLLEN SIE

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

ESSEN

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

So, those are the three components: a question word, an infinitive carrier and an infinitive. You may be wondering, “What on Earth is an infinitive and an infinitive carrier?”. Well, an infinitive is just a verb. A verb is a word you can put “to” in front of, for example: to eat, to drink, to speak, to smoke, to go, to be, to hear, to arrive, to leave… An infinitive carrier is any word you can put an infinitive on the end of. In English, we have things like “I would like”, “do you want” and “I’m going”, because you can put infinitives on the end of these: I would like to eat. I would like to drink. I would like to go. Do you want to leave? Do you want to call? Do you want to eat? I’m going to arrive. I’m going to go. I’m going to dance.

We can change any of the three parts in this structure. For example, instead of saying “Was” at the start, which means “What”, we could change it to “Wo”, meaning “Where”.

Was wollen Sie essen? What do you want to eat? So, the question would become:

Wo wollen Sie essen? Where do you want to eat? Or, we could change it to “Wann”, which means “When”.

Wann wollen Sie essen? When do you want to eat? Did you notice how the rest of the structure stayed the same? The “wollen Sie essen?” part didn’t alter at all just because you changed the question word at the start.

all just because you changed the question word at the start.

So, that’s three question words we could use at the start of structure one:

wo where was what wann when Let’s add a few more infinitives and infinitive carriers so we can really start to manipulate this structure…

USING STRUCTURE 1 Here’s a list of a few question words, a few infinitive carriers and quite a few infinitives. What we’re going to do is use this list of words to get used to structure 1 by making up some questions: Question words Wo – Where Was – What Um wie viel Uhr – At what time Wann – When Wie – How Infinitive carriers Kann ich – Can I Wollen Sie – Do you want Werden Sie – Are you going Infinitives Essen – (To) eat* Trinken – (To) drink Bestellen – (To) order Probieren – (To) try Bezahlen – (To) pay Machen – (To) do / (To) make Mieten – (To) hire Fahren – (To) go Nehmen – (To) take Haben – (To) have Ändern – (To) change *The reason I’ve put the “to” in brackets on all of these words in the infinitive list is because sometimes we English we say the “to” but other times we miss it off. For example “What do you want to do?” but then “What can I do?”. In the first sentence, we say the word “to” but not in the second sentence.

So, what we can do with this first structure is start to build up questions using the three parts (question word – infinitive carrier – infinitive). Turn the page and see if you can say these questions in German using the words in the list above:

How would you say this in German?

Where can I pay?

Where can I pay? Wo kann ich bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? Was kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Wo wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? Was wollen Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? Was werden Sie bestellen?

By building questions using structure one, you’ll not only get yourself more familiarised with the vocabulary and the structure, but you’ll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in German. So, let’s do a few more:

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? Was werden Sie machen?

How would you say this in German?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Wie wollen Sie bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I try?

What can I try? Was kann ich probieren?

Now, so far, I’ve said that the first structure is made up of three parts. However, there is a fourth part, which I’ll call “Extra Information”. Read on…

EXTRA INFORMATION The fourth part of structure one is simply extra information such as nouns, adjectives, time words etc… In English, we can add the extra information on to the end of the question but, in German, you have to put the extra information just in front of the infinitive. For example:

Was wollen Sie heute Abend essen? What do you want to eat tonight? Wo wollen Sie morgen essen? Where do you want to eat tomorrow? Was wollen Sie jetzt machen? What do you want to do now?

We’ve had a few question words, a few “infinitive carriers” and quite a few “infinitives”, so here are some extra information words you can use: Extra information Morgen – Tomorrow Heute – Today Heute Abend – Tonight Jetzt – Now Später – Later Nach Berlin – To Berlin In Berlin – In Berlin Nach Deutschland – To Germany In Deutschland – In Germany Ins Restaurant – At the restaurant / To the restaurant Das Hähnchen – The chicken Die Fahrkarte – A ticket Für Paul – For Paul Hier – Here

So, now you’re armed with some “Extra information” words, you can make your questions a little more adventurous. How would you say this in German?

What are you going to do now?

What are you going to do now? Was werden Sie jetzt machen?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to do for Paul?

What are you going to do for Paul? Was werden Sie für Paul machen?

How would you say this in German?

What time do you want to eat later?

What time do you want to eat later? Um wie viel Uhr wollen Sie später essen?

MANIPULATING STRUCTURE 1 You can manipulate structure one in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don’t always have to stick all three parts together. Let’s see what happens when you don’t put the question word on.

How would you say this in German?

Do you want to eat?

Do you want to eat? Wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

Do you want to eat here?

Do you want to eat here? Wollen Sie hier essen?

How would you say this in German?

Are you going to pay?

Are you going to pay? Werden Sie bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

Do you want to pay the bill now?

Do you want to pay the bill now? Wollen Sie die Rechnung jetzt bezahlen?

Now let’s see what happens if you don’t put an infinitive on the end. How would you say this in German?

What do you want?

What do you want? Was wollen Sie?

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE? I said earlier on in the book that the word “infinitive” just means “verb”. However, it’s specifically the whole verb, which in English usually has the word ‘to’ in front of it (but not always). In German, infinitives will always end in the letter ‘n’. So far, in German, we’ve had… essen (to eat) trinken (to drink) bestellen (to order) probieren (to try) bezahlen (to pay) machen (to do/to make) mieten (to hire) nehmen (to take) haben (to have) ändern (to change)

WHAT ACTUALLY IS AN INFINITIVE CARRIER? An infinitive carrier is basically a word or an expression that can be followed by an infinitive. I’ve only given you a few German infinitive carriers so far: kann ich (can I) werden Sie (are you going) wollen Sie (do you want) You can put any infinitive on the end of these infinitive carriers to make your question for structure 1. Are you going to eat? Are you going to drink? Are you going to pay? Are you going to go? Are you going to try? There are a few more infinitive carriers that you’ll meet in later lessons and they make life much easier.

WHAT ACTUALLY IS A QUESTION WORD? A question word doesn’t really need much explanation. It’s easier just to see what they are. So far, we’ve looked at five question words. There’s only a small number of question words altogether so what we’ll do it learn them all now: Question words Wo – Where Was – What Um wie viel Uhr – At what time Wann – When Wie – How Welche – Which/Which one Warum – Why Wie viel – How much Wie viele – How many Wie lange – How long Wen – Whom

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? Was wollen Sie machen?

How would you say this in German?

How do you want to pay the bill?

How do you want to pay the bill? Wie wollen Sie die Rechnung bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

Which one do you want?

Which one do you want? Welche wollen Sie?

How would you say this in German?

Why do you want to hire a car?

Why do you want to hire a car? Warum wollen Sie ein Auto mieten?

How would you say this in German?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Wie viel wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

Where can I hire a car?

Where can I hire a car? Wo kann ich ein Auto mieten?

How would you say this in German?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Wann wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

What time can I go?

What time can I go? Um wie viel Uhr kann ich fahren?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to eat?

What do you want to eat? Was wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to drink?

What do you want to drink? Was wollen Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to order?

What do you want to order? Was wollen Sie bestellen?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to try?

What do you want to try? Was wollen Sie probieren?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to do?

What do you want to do? Was wollen Sie machen?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to make?

What do you want to make? Was wollen Sie machen?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to take?

What do you want to take? Was wollen Sie nehmen?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to have?

What do you want to have? Was wollen Sie haben?

How would you say this in German?

What do you want to change?

What do you want to change? Was wollen Sie ändern?

How would you say this in German?

Where do you want to eat?

Where do you want to eat? Wo wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

Where do you want to drink?

Where do you want to drink? Wo wollen Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

When do you want to eat?

When do you want to eat? Wann wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

When do you want to drink?

When do you want to drink? Wann wollen Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

When do you want to order?

When do you want to order? Wann wollen Sie bestellen?

How would you say this in German?

How do you want to pay?

How do you want to pay? Wie wollen Sie bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

Why do you want to eat here?

Why do you want to eat here? Warum wollen Sie hier essen?

How would you say this in German?

Why do you want to take the car?

Why do you want to take the car? Warum wollen Sie das Auto nehmen?

How would you say this in German?

What time do you want to eat?

What time do you want to eat? Um wie viel Uhr wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

Which one do you want to try?

Which one do you want to try? Welche wollen Sie probieren?

How would you say this in German?

Which one do you want to have?

Which one do you want to have? Welche wollen Sie haben?

How would you say this in German?

How much do you want to eat?

How much do you want to eat? Wie viel wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much do you want to drink?

How much do you want to drink? Wie viel wollen Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

How many do you want to eat?

How many do you want to eat? Wie viele wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much pizza do you want to eat?

How much pizza do you want to eat? Wie viele Pizza wollen Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much wine do you want to drink?

How much wine do you want to drink? Wie viel Wein wollen Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to eat?

What are you going to eat? Was werden Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to drink?

What are you going to drink? Was werden Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to order?

What are you going to order? Was werden Sie bestellen?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to try?

What are you going to try? Was werden Sie probieren?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to do?

What are you going to do? Was werden Sie machen?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to make?

What are you going to make? Was werden Sie machen?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to take?

What are you going to take? Was werden Sie nehmen?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to have?

What are you going to have? Was werden Sie haben?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to change?

What are you going to change? Was werden Sie ändern?

How would you say this in German?

Where are you going to eat?

Where are you going to eat? Wo werden Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

Where are you going to drink?

Where are you going to drink? Wo werden Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

When are you going to eat?

When are you going to eat? Wann werden Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

When are you going to drink?

When are you going to drink? Wann werden Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

When are you going to order?

When are you going to order? Wann werden Sie bestellen?

How would you say this in German?

How are you going to pay?

How are you going to pay? Wie werden Sie bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

Why are you going to eat here?

Why are you going to eat here? Warum werden Sie hier essen?

How would you say this in German?

Why are you going to take the car?

Why are you going to take the car? Warum werden Sie das Auto nehmen?

How would you say this in German?

What time are you going to eat?

What time are you going to eat? Um wie viel Uhr werden Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

Which one are you going to try?

Which one are you going to try? Welche werden Sie probieren?

How would you say this in German?

Which one are you going to have?

Which one are you going to have? Welche werden Sie haben?

How would you say this in German?

How much are you going to eat?

How much are you going to eat? Wie viel werden Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much are you going to drink?

How much are you going to drink? Wie viel werden Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

How many are you going to eat?

How many are you going to eat? Wie viele werden Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much pizza are you going to eat?

How much pizza are you going to eat? Wie viele Pizza werden Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much wine are you going to drink?

How much wine are you going to drink? Wie viel Wein werden Sie trinken?

How would you say this in German?

What can I eat?

What can I eat? Was kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I drink?

What can I drink? Was kann ich trinken?

How would you say this in German?

What can I try?

What can I try? Was kann ich probieren?

How would you say this in German?

What can I order?

What can I order? Was kann ich bestellen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I do?

What can I do? Was kann ich machen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I make?

What can I make? Was kann ich machen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I take?

What can I take? Was kann ich nehmen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I have?

What can I have? Was kann ich haben?

How would you say this in German?

What can I change?

What can I change? Was kann ich ändern?

How would you say this in German?

Where can I eat?

Where can I eat? Wo kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

Where can I drink?

Where can I drink? Wo kann ich trinken?

How would you say this in German?

When can I eat?

When can I eat? Wann kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

When can I order?

When can I order? Wann kann ich bestellen?

How would you say this in German?

What time can I eat?

What time can I eat? Um wie viel Uhr kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

Which one can I try?

Which one can I try? Welche kann ich probieren?

How would you say this in German?

Which one can I have?

Which one can I have? Welche kann ich haben?

How would you say this in German?

How much can I eat?

How much can I eat? Wie viel kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much can I drink?

How much can I drink? Wie viel kann ich trinken?

How would you say this in German?

How many can I eat?

How many can I eat? Wie viele kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much chicken can I eat?

How much chicken can I eat? Wie viel Hähnchen kann ich essen?

How would you say this in German?

How much wine can I drink?

How much wine can I drink? Wie viel Wein kann ich trinken?

MORE WORDS Seeing as we’ve now learnt all the question words, we may as well learn a few more infinitive carriers and infinitives. Then we can start making up questions for Structure 1 to our heart’s content! Question words Wo – Where Was – What Um wie viel Uhr – At what time Wann – When Wie – How Welche – Which/Which one Warum – Why Wie viel – How much Wie viele – How many Wie lange – How long Wen – Whom Infinitive carriers Kann ich – Can I Können Sie – Can you Wollen Sie – Do you want Werden Sie – Are you going Muss ich – Do I have to / Must I Müssen Sie – Do you have to / Must you Infinitives Essen – (To) eat Trinken – (To) drink Bestellen – (To) order Probieren – (To) try Bezahlen – (To) pay Machen – (To) do / To make Mieten – (To) hire Fahren – (To) go

Nehmen – (To) take Haben – (To) have Ändern – (To) change Kaufen – (To) buy Anfangen – (To) start Sein – (To) be Ausgehen – (To) go out / (To) leave Bringen – (To) bring Ausgeben – (To) spend (money) Verbringen – (To) spend (time) Sehen – (To) see Anrufen – (To) call Bleiben – (To) stay Finden – (To) find Sagen – (To) tell / (To) say

How would you say this in German?

When do you want to leave?

When do you want to leave? Wann wollen Sie ausgehen?

How would you say this in German?

Whom are you going to see?

Whom are you going to see? Wen werden Sie sehen?

How would you say this in German?

What can I bring?

What can I bring? Was kann ich bringen?

How would you say this in German?

Where are you going to stay tonight?

Where are you going to stay tonight? Wo werden Sie heute Abend bleiben?

How would you say this in German?

Whom can I call?

Whom can I call? Wen kann ich anrufen?

AS A NON-QUESTION So far, we’ve only looked at structure 1 in a question format. However, you can also use it in a non-question. Let’s just start this chapter with a quick recap of the structure in the question form.

Structure one in the question format consists of just three parts:

Was wollen Sie essen? What do you want to eat?

Was 2wollen Sie 3essen? 1What 2do you want 3to eat? 1

WAS

WOLLEN SIE

QUESTION WORD

INFINITIVE CARRIER

WHAT

DO YOU WANT

2 1

ESSEN

3

INFINITIVE

TO EAT

Remember, we said you could add the optional fourth part, the “extra information”.

Was 2wollen Sie 3heute Abend 4essen? 1What 2do you want 4to eat 3tonight?

1

WOLLEN 3 HEUTE WAS SIE 4 ABEND ESSEN QUESTION INFINITIVE EXTRA INFINITIVE WORD CARRIER INFORMATION TO EAT WHAT DO YOU TONIGHT WANT 2

1

To use this structure when you’re not asking a question is quite simple; you just take the question word off and flip the infinitive carrier around. You’ll have probably noticed that the infinitive carriers are made up of two parts. You simply flip them around to make them into a non-question. Let me show you what I mean.

Let’s compare a question and a non-question in the structure 1 format.

Was kann ich essen? What can I eat? Ich kann später essen. I can eat later. So, the infinitive carrier “kann ich” means “can I”, and if you flip it around, you get “ich kann”, which means “I can”.

ich kann essen I can eat ich kann Paul sehen I can see Paul ich kann morgen fahren I can go tomorrow

Below are two lists. First are the infinitive carriers as questions, and on below them are the infinitive carriers as non-questions. Question infinitive carriers Kann ich – Can I Können Sie – Can you Wollen Sie – Do you want Werden Sie – Are you going Muss ich – Do I have to / Must I Müssen Sie – Do you have to / Must you Non-question infinitive carriers Ich kann – I can Sie können – you can Sie wollen – you want Sie werden – you are going Ich muss – I have to / I must Sie müssen – you have to / you must A couple of extras you can use

Ich will – I want Ich werde – I’m going

How would you say this in German?

You can buy something here for Paul.

You can buy something here for Paul. Sie können etwas hier für Paul kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Sie können es später kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I can see it.

I can see it. Ich kann es sehen.

How would you say this in German?

I can buy something here.

I can buy something here. Ich kann etwas hier kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy something at the supermarket.

You can buy something at the supermarket. Sie können etwas vom Supermarkt kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I can buy some cheese.

I can buy some cheese. Ich kann etwas Käse kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I can buy something for my mum here.

I can buy something for my mum here. Ich kann etwas hier für meine Mutter kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You’re going to be tired tomorrow.

You’re going to be tired tomorrow. Sie werden morgen müde sein.

How would you say this in German?

I have to be there soon.

I have to be there soon. Ich muss bald dort sein.

How would you say this in German?

You can bring it for Paul.

You can bring it for Paul. Sie können es für Paul bringen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Sie können es später kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I must say something.

I must say something. Ich muss etwas sagen.

How would you say this in German?

I can bring it for Helen.

I can bring it for Helen. Ich kann es für Helen bringen.

How would you say this in German?

I have to start soon.

I have to start soon. Ich muss bald anfangen.

How would you say this in German?

You can eat something at the restaurant.

You can eat something at the restaurant. Sie können etwas ins Restaurant essen.

How would you say this in German?

I have to leave tomorrow.

I have to leave tomorrow. Ich muss morgen ausgehen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy something in Berlin.

You can buy something in Berlin. Sie können etwas in Berlin kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You’re going to be there soon.

You’re going to be there soon. Sie werden bald dort sein.

How would you say this in German?

You must go now.

You must go now. Sie müssen jetzt fahren.

How would you say this in German?

You have to leave tomorrow.

You have to leave tomorrow. Sie müssen morgen ausgehen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy it tomorrow.

You can buy it tomorrow. Sie können es morgen kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You must say something.

You must say something. Sie müssen etwas sagen.

How would you say this in German?

You can bring it with you.

You can bring it with you. Sie können es mit Ihnen bringen.

How would you say this in German?

I want to eat something.

I want to eat something. Ich will etwas essen.

How would you say this in German?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Sie werden zu viel Geld ausgeben.

How would you say this in German?

I must find the hotel.

I must find the hotel. Ich muss das Hotel finden.

How would you say this in German?

I’m going to change it now.

I’m going to change it now. Ich werde es jetzt ändern.

How would you say this in German?

You’re going to buy too much.

You’re going to buy too much. Sie werden zu viel kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I want to buy something here.

I want to buy something here. Ich will etwas hier kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy it in Germany.

You can buy it in Germany. Sie können es in Deutschland kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You must drink something.

You must drink something. Sie müssen etwas trinken.

How would you say this in German?

I can bring it tomorrow.

I can bring it tomorrow. Ich kann es morgen bringen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy something for Maria.

You can buy something for Maria. Sie können etwas für Maria kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I can buy it today.

I can buy it today. Ich kann es heute kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I can buy it later.

I can buy it later. Ich kann es später kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I can buy it tomorrow.

I can buy it tomorrow. Ich kann es morgen kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I want to see Berlin tomorrow.

I want to see Berlin tomorrow. Ich will morgen Berlin sehen.

How would you say this in German?

You have to call Michael.

You have to call Michael. Sie müssen Michael anrufen.

How would you say this in German?

I’m going to call Michael tomorrow.

I’m going to call Michael tomorrow. Ich werde morgen Michael anrufen.

How would you say this in German?

I want to spend three weeks there.

I want to spend three weeks there. Ich will drei Wochen dort verbringen.

How would you say this in German?

I’m going to order the chicken for Paul.

I’m going to order the chicken for Paul. Ich werde das Hähnchen für Paul bestellen.

How would you say this in German?

I must change the reservation.

I must change the reservation. Ich muss die Reservierung ändern.

How would you say this in German?

I must go now.

I must go now. Ich muss jetzt fahren.

How would you say this in German?

You must eat something.

You must eat something. Sie müssen etwas essen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy something here.

You can buy something here. Sie können etwas hier kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

I’m going to do it later.

I’m going to do it later. Ich werde es später machen.

How would you say this in German?

You have to be in Berlin tomorrow.

You have to be in Berlin tomorrow. Sie müssen morgen in Berlin sein.

How would you say this in German?

You have to start soon.

You have to start soon. Sie müssen bald anfangen.

How would you say this in German?

You can buy something at the hotel.

You can buy something at the hotel. Sie können etwas vom Hotel kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

You can bring it for Johann.

You can bring it for Johann. Sie können es für Johann bringen.

How would you say this in German?

You must change it now.

You must change it now. Sie müssen es jetzt ändern.

How would you say this in German?

I have to call Maria.

I have to call Maria. Ich muss Maria anrufen.

How would you say this in German?

I have to be in Germany tomorrow.

I have to be in Germany tomorrow. Ich muss morgen in Deutschland sein.

How would you say this in German?

You have to be there soon.

You have to be there soon. Sie müssen bald dort sein.

How would you say this in German?

I’m going to buy it today.

I’m going to buy it today. Ich werde es morgen kaufen.

So, there you have it, the first German structure in a non-question form:

Sie können hier essen. You can eat here.

1

SIE KÖNNEN 1

INFINITIVE CARRIER

YOU CAN

Sie können 2hier 3essen. 1You can 3eat 2here. HIER

2

EXTRA INFORMATION

HERE

ESSEN

3

INFINITIVE

EAT

RECAP Here’s a quick recap of all the question words, all the infinitive carriers (question and non-question format), all the infinitives and all the extra information we’ve learnt in this book. Question words Wo – Where Was – What Um wie viel Uhr – At what time Wann – When Wie – How Welche – Which/Which one Warum – Why Wie viel – How much Wie viele – How many Wie lange – How long Wen – Whom Infinitive carriers (question form) Kann ich – Can I Können Sie – Can you Wollen Sie – Do you want Werden Sie – Are you going Muss ich – Do I have to / Must I Müssen Sie – Do you have to / Must you Infinitive carriers (non-question form) Ich kann – I can Sie können – you can Sie wollen – you want Sie werden – you are going Ich muss – I have to / I must Sie müssen – you have to / you must Ich will – I want Ich werde – I’m going

Infinitives Essen – (To) eat Trinken – (To) drink Bestellen – (To) order Probieren – (To) try Bezahlen – (To) pay Machen – (To) do / To make Mieten – (To) hire Fahren – (To) go Nehmen – (To) take Haben – (To) have Ändern – (To) change Kaufen – (To) buy Anfangen – (To) start Sein – (To) be Ausgehen – (To) go out / (To) leave Bringen – (To) bring Ausgeben – (To) spend (money) Verbringen – (To) spend (time) Sehen – (To) see Anrufen – (To) call Bleiben – (To) stay Finden – (To) find Sagen – (To) tell / (To) say Extra information Morgen – Tomorrow Heute – Today Heute Abend – Tonight Jetzt – Now Später – Later Nach Berlin – To Berlin In Berlin – In Berlin Nach Deutschland – To Germany In Deutschland – In Germany Ins Restaurant – At the restaurant / To the restaurant

Das Hähnchen – The chicken Die Fahrkarte – A ticket Für Paul – For Paul Hier – Here

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to bring?

What are you going to bring? Was werden Sie bringen?

How would you say this in German?

What can you eat?

What can you eat? Was können Sie essen?

How would you say this in German?

You’re going to spend too much money.

You’re going to spend too much money. Sie werden zu viel Geld ausgeben.

How would you say this in German?

What can you see?

What can you see? Was können Sie sehen?

How would you say this in German?

When can I go out?

When can I go out? Wann kann ich ausgehen?

How would you say this in German?

I can bring some wine for Helen tomorrow.

I can bring some wine for Helen tomorrow. Ich kann morgen etwas Wein für Helen bringen.

How would you say this in German?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight?

Can I eat at the hotel tonight? Kann ich heute Abend ins Hotel essen?

How would you say this in German?

Can you call Maria at quarter past four?

Can you call Maria at quarter past four? Können Sie um Viertel nach vier Maria anrufen?

How would you say this in German?

Can I pay the bill?

Can I pay the bill? Kann ich die Rechnung bezahlen?

How would you say this in German?

Where can I find it?

Where can I find it? Wo kann ich es finden?

How would you say this in German?

What time do you want to start?

What time do you want to start? Um wie viel Uhr wollen Sie anfangen?

How would you say this in German?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

What are you going to do tomorrow? Was werden Sie morgen machen?

How would you say this in German?

You can buy it later.

You can buy it later. Sie können es später kaufen.

How would you say this in German?

Can I go out later?

Can I go out later? Kann ich später ausgehen?

How would you say this in German?

I want to go out later.

I want to go out later. Ich will später ausgehen.

How would you say this in German?

Do you want to see it?

Do you want to see it? Wollen Sie es sehen?

How would you say this in German?

Do you want to try it?

Do you want to try it? Wollen Sie es probieren?

How would you say this in German?

Which one do you want to hire?

Which one do you want to hire? Welche wollen Sie mieten?

How would you say this in German?

Whom do you want to see in Berlin?

Whom do you want to see in Berlin? Wen wollen Sie in Berlin sehen?

How would you say this in German?

Whom do you have to see in Germany?

Whom do you have to see in Germany? Wen müssen Sie in Deutschland sehen?

How would you say this in German?

Whom are you going to see in Berlin?

Whom are you going to see in Berlin? Wen werden Sie in Berlin sehen?

Danke Before you go, I’d like to say “danke” for buying this book. There are lots of German books available on Amazon and you chose to read mine, so I am eternally grateful for that. I hope you have enjoyed this book and I hope you’re glad you made the purchase. I also hope you’ve started to realise how easy learning a new language can be. This book dealt with Structure 1 of the German language. If you’d like to learn more, you can download the book for Structure 2 where you’ll learn about the next structure and how to use it. If you enjoyed the book, I’d be extremely grateful if you could leave a review. If you didn’t enjoy the book, let me know why by sending me an email to [email protected] I’m always interested in learning how I can improve my books so your feedback would be invaluable. I’ll make the changes you suggest and update the book. Whenever the book updates, if you’ve already purchased it, you’ll get the updates for free. Thank you again, danke und bis bald!

German The Ultimate Guide for Beginners Who Want to Learn the German Language, Including German Grammar, German Short Stories, and Over 1000 German Phrases

© Copyright 2019 All rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the author. Reviewers may quote brief passages in reviews. Disclaimer: No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical or electronic, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, or transmitted by email without permission in writing from the publisher. While all attempts have been made to verify the information provided in this publication, neither the author nor the publisher assumes any responsibility for errors, omissions or contrary interpretations of the subject matter herein. This book is for entertainment purposes only. The views expressed are those of the author alone and should not be taken as expert instruction or commands. The reader is responsible for his or her own actions. Adherence to all applicable laws and regulations, including international, federal, state and local laws governing professional licensing, business practices, advertising and all other aspects of doing business in the US, Canada, UK or any other jurisdiction is the sole responsibility of the purchaser or reader. Neither the author nor the publisher assumes any responsibility or liability whatsoever on the behalf of the purchaser or reader of these materials. Any perceived slight of any individual or organization is purely unintentional.

Table of Contents Part 1: German How to Learn German Fast, Including Grammar, Short Stories and Useful Phrases when in Germany Introduction Chapter 1 – Start with the alphabet Chapter 2 – Capitalization Rules Chapter 3 – Pronounciation Chapter 4 – Verbs Chapter 5 - Tenses Chapter 6 – Nouns, Articles, cases and more Chapter 7 – Sentence Structure Chapter 8 – Numbers, time, date and weather Chapter 9 – Colors, Food, Clothes and Body Parts Chapter 10 – Introducing yourself and writing a letter/an e-mail Chapter 11 – Talking about different topics and getting along in Germany Chapter 12 - First aid for tourists (vocabulary and phrases) Chapter 13 - Tipps for faster learning Conclusion Part 2: German Short Stories 11 Simple Stories for Beginners Who Want to Learn German in Less Time While Also Having Fun Introduction Chapter 1 – Ein guter Freund – A Good Buddy Chapter 2 – Was ist deine Nationalität? - What is your Nationality? Chapter 3 – UFO Chapter 4 – Bruder und Schwester – Brother and Sister Chapter 5 – Information – Information Chapter 6 – Die schönste Frau der Welt – The Most Beautiful Woman in the World

Chapter 7 – Der Blumenladen – The Flower Shop Chapter 8 – Kümmere dich um deine Familie - Take Care of Your Family Chapter 9 – Die Liebe hat ihren eigenen Weg – Love Has Its Own Path Chapter 10 – Das Gute gewinnt immer – The Good Always Wins Chapter 11 – Verantwortlichkeiten – Responsibilities Conclusion Part 3: German Phrase Book Over 1000 Essential German Phrases You Don't Want to Be Without on Your Trip to Germany Introduction Chapter 1 – Pronunciation Chapter 2 - A little bit about the German language and Germany Chapter 3 – Weekdays, numbers, money and more Chapter 4 – The basics Chapter 5 – First aid Chapter 6 – Transport Chapter 7 – Accomodation Chapter 8 – Food and restaurants Chapter 9 – Shopping Chapter 10 – The city Chapter 11 – The doctor/pharmacy and emergencies Chapter 12 – Stating your opinion, having a conversation and flirting Chapter 13 – Problems Chapter 14 – Letters, E-Mails, Telephone and more… Chapter 15– Vocabulary by topic Conclusion

Part 1: German How to Learn German Fast, Including Grammar, Short Stories and Useful Phrases when in Germany

Introduction Dear German learners, is German a difficult language? We say no! It always depends on how you learn. Imagine standing on a high tower. You get a great look and overview of your city. The following book should give you such an overview of the German language. This is the easy way to acquire German language skills. The book leads beginners without or with little previous knowledge, but also the ones who know a little bit more. You will have the opportunity to learn everything from grammar to useful phrases, so everyday situations can be easily mastered after completing the book. You will also be able to practice and test your knowledge through the fun exercises. Would you like a book that helps you learn German easily? Do you want something that is practical and useful in order to learn how to communicate and write in German? Do you still want to be entertained while reading? This is definitely the right book for you. Make sure to get it and you will be able to learn this useful language fast! Compared to other textbooks, this one is definitely more user - friendly and clearer. The book is well structured, so you can quickly find everything and its explanations are precise and understandable. With this extensive explanation, there is no question that won’t be answered

Chapter 1 – Start with the alphabet In the first section of this book, you will learn the German alphabet. The German alphabet consists of 26 letters, 3 umlauts (Ä, Ö, Ü) and one ligature (ß). Please do not be confused by our special letters ä, ö, ü and ß. If you learn German as a foreign language, it will be difficult for you at the beginning. But it's only a matter of time for you to get used to it. German alphabet It is not only used in Germany, but also in Switzerland, Austria, Luxembourg and Liechtenstein. However, the ß is no longer used in Liechtenstein and in Switzerland. Instead of the ß, they write ss. The alphabet A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, Ä, Ö, Ü, ß The following table shows the alphabet with the phonetics. A / a [a] Ä / ä [ɛː] B / b [be:] C / c [tse:] D / d [de:] E / e [e:] F / f [ɛf] G / g [Ge] H / h [HA] I / i [i] J / j [jɔt] K / k [ka:] L / l [ɛl] M / m [ɛm] N / n [ɛn] O / o [o:] Ö / ö [O] P / p [pe:]

Q / q [ku:] R / r [ɛr] S / s [ɛs] ß [ɛs't͡sɛt] T / t [te:] U / u [u:] Ü / ü [y:] V / v [faʊ] W / w [unit:] X / x [ICS] Y / y [ 'iupsilɔn] Z / z [t͡sɛt] What is a vowel? There are 8 vowels in the German alphabet. A, E, I, O and the U and 3 umlauts: Ä, Ü, Ö. The umlauts are formed of two consecutive vowels: Ü, ü U + E Bücher (books) Ä, ä A + E Länder (countries) Ö, ö O + E Brötchen (bread) What is a consonant? Consonants are all letters that are not a vowel: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z There are also letter combinations: ei, example: das Ei (the egg) ie, example: vier (four) au, example: das Auto (the car) eu, example: der Euro (euro) ch, example: ich (me) sch, example: der Fisch (the fish) st, example: der Stift (the pen) sp, example: der Sport (the sport) ck, example: die Jacke (the jacket) äu, example: er läuft ( he runs) Exercise Repeat the letters and try to write them down. Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo

___________________________________________________ Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Ää Üü Öö ß ___________________________________________________

Chapter 2 – Capitalization Rules After learning the German alphabet and pronounciation, it’s also important to know how to write properly in German. One of the most important things when it comes to writing in this language is definitely the capitalization. This is why you need to know the basic rules when it comes to it. Rule I The beginning of each sentence in German is capitalized. Example: Mark hat ein neues Fahrrad. Mark has a new bycicle. Aber das Fahrrad ist kaputt. But the bycycle is broken. Rule II All first letters of nouns in German are uppercase. Example: Mark hat ein neues Fahrrad. Mark has a new bycicle Aber das Fahrrad ist kaputt. But the bycycle is broken. Rule III All names are uppercase. That's an important rule: In German one writes all names (= proper names) in uppercase. Many proper names belong to this category: The name of a person is always uppercase. Example: Mozart ist ein berühmter Komponist. Mozart is a famous composer. If you address a person directly or write a letter, then you write this salutation also in uppercase. Example: Herr Müller, es ist schön Sie kennen zu lernen! Mr. Müller, what a pleasure to meet you! Also names of institutions are uppercase: Example: Der deutsche Bundestag. Die Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg. Names of countries, cities and rivers are capitalized.

Example: die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika, die Schweiz, China, Hamburg, Berlin, München, Wuppertal, der Mississippi, die Donau, der Main, die Nordsee, das Mittelmeer, das Tote Meer the Federal Republic of Germany, the United States of America, Switzerland, China, Hamburg, Berlin, Munich, Wuppertal, the Mississippi, the Danube, the Main, the North Sea, the Mediterranean, the Dead Sea Some events are so special that they become a proper name. Example: der Heilige Abend an Weihnachten (24.12.), der Karfreitag, der Erste Weltkrieg, der Zweite Weltkrieg Christmas Eve (24.12.), Good Friday, World War I, World War II Nominalizations are written uppercase In German, some words (for example, verbs, adjectives, numbers) can turn into a noun. This process is called "nominalization". These new words are written uppercase - even if the original word is written in lower case. Example: Verb: laufen – Substantiv: das Laufen → Das Laufen macht mir Spaß. Verb: run - common noun: the run → I enjoy the run. der Beste, die Größte, das Nichts, Jung und Alt arbeiten zusammen the best, the greatest, the nothing, the young and the old work together Excellent! You have learned the important capitalization rules! Summary: Here are all the rules at a glance: The beginning of each sentence is capitalized. In German one writes all nouns uppercase. All proper names are also capitalized. All nouns are written big. Exercise

Try to think about our rules and decide which words should be capitalized! liebe maria, es war großartig, von dir zu hören und ich bin wirklich froh, dass es für dich gut läuft. Es freut mich, dass die reise nach deutschland gut gelaufen ist. das bild von der allianz arena ist toll. münchen sieht wunderschön aus. Peter und ich wollen definitiv auch dorthin reisen. ich würde mich freuen, wenn du mir einige tipps dazu geben könntest. ich freue mich auf unser wiedersehen nächsten monat und kann es kaum erwarten. wir werden viel spaß zusammen haben. ich hoffe,bald von dir zu hören. alles gute, anna Answer: Liebe Maria, es war großartig, von dir zu hören und ich bin wirklich froh, dass es für dich gut läuft. Es freut mich, dass die Reise nach Deutschland gut gelaufen ist. Das Bild von der Allianz Arena ist toll. München sieht wunderschön aus. Peter und ich wollen definitiv auch dort reisen. Ich würde mich freuen, wenn du mir einige Tipps dazu geben könntest. Ich freue mich auf unser Wiedersehen nächsten Monat und kann es kaum erwarten. Wir werden viel Spaß zusammen haben. Ich hoffe, bald von dir zu hören. Alles Gute, Anna Translation Dear Maria, It was great to hear from you and I'm really glad that everything works well for you. I am glad that the trip to Germany went well. The picture of the Allianz Arena is great. Munich looks beautiful. Peter and I definitely want to travel there too. I would be glad if you could give me some tips. I look forward to seeing you again next month and I can not wait for it. We will have a lot of fun together. I hope to hear from you soon.

All the best, Anna Maria, Peter, Anna – names are capitalized. The beginning of each sentence is uppercase. Reise (trip), Tipps (tips), Spaß (fun) – nouns are capitalized Deutschland, München – names of countries and cities are capitalized. Allianz Arena – names of buildings and sights are capitalized

Chapter 3 – Pronounciation The basis of the German language is the alphabet. The pronunciation plays an important role. In this chapter, you'll learn everything you need to know about pronunciation. Diphthongs in German Diphthongs are two consecutive vowels. "Ei" and "ai" sound the same, as do "eu" and "äu". To find out when to use which diphthong, it is helpful to form the root word. For example, Mäuse is formed from Maus, so the plural is formed with äu instead of eu. Example au Auge äu Häuser eu Eule ei Eisen ai Mai ie Fliege 'ss' or 'ß'? Ss follows shortly pronounced vowels: Fass, Fluss, Stress, Pass, Kuss, Schloss, Russland ß follows long pronounced vowels: Floß, Maß, Spaß, Fuß, Schoß, Straße ß also follows diphtongs draußen, weiß, reißen, scheußlich, Schweiß The 'sch' and 'ch' ch after "a, o, u, au" - pronounced in the back of the mouth – example: Bach ch after " ö, ü, äu, ai, e, ei, ä, eu, i, ai", or consonant like the "h" in "huge" example: Fichte sch always the same, except "ssch" (bisschen) like the "sh" in English – example: Schachtel How to pronounce 'st' and 'sp'? In German, "st" and "sp" are pronounced as if it was a combination of "sh" + "t", or "sch" + "p". This is always the case when these two consonants are

at the beginning of the word. However, this is not the case if "st" or "sp" is in the middle of the word, for example as in the word Majestät. St / Sp as "Sch" + "t / p" Straße Stein Spiel Gast Liste Samstag The strain h in german Strain h after a long vowel Example: das Mehl, die Wahl, die Bahn, die Bühne No strain h words beginning with q, sch, sp or t Example: die Schule, sparen, quälen, der Ton Behind and between au, äu, ai, eu and ei there is no strain h in most cases. Exceptions: verzeihen, Weihnachten Wording on the strain h The mute h, das freut uns sehr, is usually before l, m, n and r!

Chapter 4 – Verbs What are verbs? Verbs are words which describe an activity or state (e.g. driving, standing, being). In this chapter, we explain to you the uses and peculiarities of “haben” and “sein” (have and to be) the modal verbs, the reflexive verbs, the separable and non-separable verbs, the participles, the passive, the imperative, the subjunctive and also the verbs with additions.

Sein and haben The verbs "sein" and "haben" are important verbs in the German language. They are used in various situations, as well as an auxiliary verb to form compound tenses. Conjugation "sein": Person, Present, Past Tense Ich bin / war Du bist / warst Er sie, es ist / war Wir sind / waren Ihr seid / wart Sie/sie sind / waren Participle present: seiend Participle perfect: gewesen "Sein" is 100% irregular. Conjugation "have": Person, Present, Past Tense Ich habe / hatte Du hast / hattest Er, sie, es hat / hatte Wir haben / hatten Ihr habt / hattet Sie/sie haben/hatten Participle present: habend Participle perfect: gehabt The use of "sein" as a full verb: Use in conjunction with adjectives: Er ist nett. He is nice. Sie ist wütend. She is angry. Du bist schön. You are beautiful. To identify things or living things (name, nationality, occupation, ...): Das ist Antonia. This is Antonia. Markus ist ein Arbeiter. Markus is a worker.

Ich bin ein Schauspieler. I am an actor. When specifying the age, date and time: Markus is 20 years old. Markus ist 20 Jahre alt. Es ist bereits 22 Uhr. It is already 10pm. Heute ist der 2.Dezember. Today is the 2. December. The use of "haben" as full verb Used to indicate ownership: Sie hat ein Auto. She has a car. Er hat ein Fahrrad. He has a bycycle. Ich habe ein Spiel. I have a game. For a state that refers to a noun: Sie hat Wissen. She has knowledge. Er hat kurze Haare. He has short hair. Du hast eine Schwester. You have a sister. Certain turns with "haben": Du hast Recht. You are right. Sie hat dich lieb. She likes you. Wir haben es eilig. We are in a hurry. Exercise: Choose “sein” or “haben” and put it in the right form. Wo ____ ihr das alles gesehen? Die Kinder ____ in die Stadt gegangen. Wer ____ die Hausaufgaben schon fertig? Wann____du dein Handy verloren? Ich ____ ins Wasser gesprungen. Wir _____ die Tür geschlossen. Answer: Habt, sind, hat, hast, bin, haben.

The participle I (present participle) The participle 1 is the participle of simultaneity ⇒ it is also called present participle. It is used as an adjective instead of phrases. Example: Die laufende Frau geht zum Bus. The walking woman is going to the bus. Das rennende Mädchen trägt eine Tasche. The running girl carries a bag. Der vor der Schule stehende Junge ruft seinen Lehrer. The boy standing in front of the school is calling for his teacher. The formation of the participle I Infinitive + d, participle I Sitzen, sitzen+d, sitzend Rennen, rennen+d, rennend Gehen, gehen+d, gehend Only two exceptions: sein ⇒ seiend / tun ⇒ tuend The use of the participle I The participle I is used as an adjective instead of a subset when two actions take place simultaneously. Version with past participle: Der stehende Mann trinkt einen Tee. The standing man drinks a tea. Version without past participle: Der Mann, der steht, trinkt einen Tee. The man who is standing is drinking a tea.

The past participle 2 The past participle 2 is also called past participle. The past participle 2 is used instead of partial sentences or as an adjective. It also serves to create the perfect, the pluperfect, the future 2 and the passive. Past participle 2 - use Use as adjective The participle 2 is used as an adjective instead of a subset, if one action took place before the other. Sie liest jetzt das gekaufte Buch. She reads the bought book. Die erste Handlung war das Kaufen. Die zweite Handlung ist das Lesen. Sie hat das Buch gekauft. Sie liest das Buch jetzt. She bought the book. She reads the book now. The first act was the buying. The second action is the reading. Use in Perfect, Past Perfect, Future 2 and Passive Perfekt: Du bist eingeschlafen. – You have fallen asleep. Plusquamperfekt: Sie war in die Schule gegangen. She has gone to school. Futur II: Bis morgen wird alles wieder gut sein. By tomorrow, everything will be fine. Zustandspassiv: Die Tür ist geöffnet. The door is opened. Vorgangspassiv: Das Auto wird geputzt. The car is being cleaned. Formation of the participle 2 Regular verbs (in present conjugation) ge + Verbstamm + -(e)t - ge + verb stem + - (e) t Example: machen ⇒ gemacht arbeiten ⇒ gearbeitet (Verbstamm auf d/t) Exception: Verbs with –ieren do not get "ge" organisieren ⇒ organisiert Irregular / strong verbs (present conjugation)

ge + Verbstamm + -en - ge + verb stem + -en Example: fahren ⇒ gefahren schlafen ⇒ geschlafen The categorization regular and irregular verbs refers to the conjugation of the verb in the present tense. The formation of the participle II is 100% regular in these two forms. Irregular formation of the participle II Mixed verbs Mixed verbs mean that the past participle II is not formed with the stem of the present tense, but with the one of the preterite: ge + verb stem in the preterite + -t Example: bringen ⇒ gebracht (Prät.: brachte) brennen ⇒ gebrannt (Prät.: brannte) kennen ⇒ gekannt (Prät.: kannte) There is no concrete rule that tells you which which verbs you have to use the preterite version. You will have to know that by heart, But at first glance it seems to be more complicated than it really is in practice, as you will be using participle II very often. Verbs with vowel change Some verbs change the vowel (a, e, i, o, u) in the formation of the participle II. These are usually the words that change the vowel already in the present conjugation. In addition, the double vowel "ei" almost always changes to "ie" in past participle II. The verbs with vowel changes always end: ge + Verbstamm mit Vokalwechsel + -en ge + verb stem with vowel change + -en Example: gewinnen ⇒ gewonnen genießen ⇒ genossen schreiben ⇒ geschrieben Formation of separable verbs Prefix + ge + verb stem + -t / -en

Example: einschlafen ⇒ eingeschlafen kennenlernen ⇒ kennengelernt zurückbringen ⇒ zurückgebracht The past participle II of the main verb remains the same! Non-separable verbs form the past participle without "ge" Prefix + verb stem + -t / -en Example: besuchen ⇒ besucht verstehen ⇒ verstanden The participle II of the main verb remains the same, but without the prefix "ge"! Exercise: Build the participle from the verb. Infinitiv, Partizip I, Partizip II tanzen arbeiten denken schlafen fliegen Answer: tanzen tanzend getanzt Arbeiten arbeitend gearbeitet denken denkend gedacht schlafen schlafend geschlafen fliegen fliegend geflogen

Separable / non-separable verbs In German we can extend many verbs by prefixes. The prefix changes the meaning of the verb. In the conjugated form some verbs are separated from the prefix ⇒ separable verbs. In other verbs verb and prefix remain conjugate inseparable ⇒ nonseparable verbs. The group to which a verb belongs depends on the prefix. Example: Simple verb: Ich stehe im Wohnzimmer. I am standing in the living room. Separable verb: Ich stehe jeden Morgen um 7 Uhr auf. I get up every morning at 7am. Inseparable verb: Ich kenne dich nicht. I do not know you. Separable prefixes The most important separable prefixes: ab-, an-, auf-, aus-, ein-, gegen-, hoch-, los-, mit-, nach-, vor-, weg-, weiter-, zurück-, da-, hin-, her-, raus-, rein-, rüber-, runterFurther separable prefixes: auseinander-, bei-, empor-, entgegen-, entlang-, entzwei-, fern-, fest-, fort-, gegenüber-, heim-, hinterher-, nieder-, zu, zurecht-, zusammenExample: abreisen – Ich reise heute ab. aufstehen – Sie steht um 5 Uhr auf. rausnehmen – Ich nehme den Hund raus. mitkommen – Er kommt mit mir mit. leave - I'm leaving today. get up – She gets up at 5am. Take out – I am taking the dog out. come along – He comes along with me. Tip:

Most separable prefixes can also be used as a preposition or adverb in another context. ⇒ If you know the prefix as a separate word, the verb is almost always separable. Non-separable prefixes The most important non-separable prefixes: be-, ent-, er-, ver-, zerOther non-separable prefixes: miss-, fehl-, a-, de(s)-, dis-, ge-, im-, in-, non-, re-, unExample: verstehen – Sie versteht das Buch nicht. Understand – She does not understand the book. bestehen – Wir bestehen die Prüfung. Pass – We pass the exam. erfinden – Er erfindet etwas. Invent – He invents something. entdecken – Ich entdecke einen Weg. Discover – I discover a way. Separable or non-separable prefixes The prefixes durch-, über-, unter-, um-, wieder und wider- are, depending on the verb, separable or inseparable. durchqueren ( To cross: not separable) Ich durchquere den Weg. I cross the way. durchschneiden (Cut through: separable) Sie schneidet das Papier durch. I cut the paper through. There are also some words that are separable and inseparable. Example: Sie umfährt den Platz. ⇒ Sie fährt um den Platz herum. She bypassed the place. ⇒ She drives around the place. German grammar: separable verbs Sie fährt den Platz um. ⇒ Sie fährt gegen den Platz. She reverses the place ⇒ She drives against the place. German grammar separable verbs Tip: If the emphasis is on the second syllable, the verb is not separated. When do you have to disconnect the verb? The prefix only has to be separated from the verb if the verb itself is changed.

So if it is conjugated: „Ich schlafe ein.“ "I fall asleep." ("Fall asleep" is conjugated here and must therefore be separated.) or the participle 2 is formed: In the past participle 2, the prefix "ge" is placed between the prefix of the verb and the eigtl verb: Ich bin eingeschlafen.“ "I fell asleep." It will not be disconnected if an auxiliary or mod verb is used: „Ich kann nicht einschlafen.“ "I can not sleep." (Here the verb "can" does not conjugate the verb "einschlafen" ⇒ "einschlafen" is not separated.) Conjugation No matter with which prefix and whether separable or inseparable, the verb is always conjugated just like the simple verb without prefix Ich nehme das Paket immer an. – Ich nehme. I always take the package. I take. Sie steht um 5 Uhr auf. – Er steht. She wakes up at 5am. She wakes up. The basis of the past participle remains the same. Exercise: Put the right prefix: Sie möchte Musik hören, deshalb macht sie das Radio __ Heute reise ich nach Italien und nächsten Montag komme ich ___ Mir ist heiß, deshalb mache ich das Fenster ___ Der Zug kommt um halb neun an und ich steige ____ Answer: An Zurück Auf Aus .

Modal verbs There are a total of 6 modal verbs: „können“, „wollen“, „möchten“, „sollen“, „müssen“, „dürfen“ ( "can", "want", "want", "should", "must", "may") With modal verbs you change the content of a statement but not the plot. Because it makes a difference if someone has to do something or can do something. Modal verbs usually have a second verb (the "full verb") and must be conjugated. Example: Ich kann kein Spanisch sprechen. I can not speak Spanish. Ich darf keine Salami essen. I can not eat salami. Ich muss morgen nicht zur Schule. I do not have to go to school tomorrow. Ich will jetzt schwimmen. I want to swim now. Wir sollen auf eine Reise gehen. We should go to a trip. Word order Modal verbs are almost always used with a second verb (the full verb). The full verb then goes to the end of the sentence and the modal verb is conjugated and thus takes the second or first position: Particularities: If the main verb is obvious and results from the situation, it is often omitted in colloquial language. Kann sie Deutsch (sprechen)? Can she speak german? Ich will eine Cola (trinken)! I want to drink a coke. In the perfect modal verbs DON’T use the past participle II but the infinitive. Exception: The modal verb is itself the full verb. (rarely, because you actually always use the preterite) Sie hat Deutsch sprechen können. She has been able to speak german. Du hast auf ihn warten müssen. You had to wait for him. Exercise: Put the right modal verb: 1. Hier ____ du nicht trinken! Wenn du trinken____ , ____ du in einen anderen Club gehen.

2. Der Arzt sagt, ich ____ die Medikamente jeden Tag nehmen, dann ____ ich wieder gesund werden. Außerdem ____ ich viel Tee trinken. 3. Wenn ihr das Haus kaufen ____ , ____ ihr viel Geld sparen. Sonst____ ihr es euch nicht leisten. 4.Sie ____ nicht nach Spanien fliegen, sie ____ lieber zu Hause bleiben. Answer: 1.kannst, willst, must 2.muss, kann, muss 3.wollt, must, könnt 4.will, will

Reflexive verbs Reflexive verbs need an additional reflexive pronoun that can be in the accusative or dative. Reflexive means backward. The reflexive pronoun refers back to the subject in the sentence. There are real and fake reflexive verbs. Example: Ich ziehe mich jeden Tag an. I dress myself everyday. Du interessierst dich für Markus. You are interested in Markus Personal pronouns - Reflexive pronouns (Accusative, Dative) Ich – mich, mir Du – dich, dir Er/sie/es – sich, sich Wir – uns, uns Ihr – euch, euch Sie - sich, sich A real reflexive verb is ALWAYS reflexive. One can not replace or omit the reflexive pronoun. You can not ask for it either. Ich konzentriere mich (auf den Lehrer). I concentrate (on the teacher). It is impossible to use "konzentrieren" without using the reflexive pronoun. In the dictionary these words are usually marked with "s. Konzentrieren" or "sich konzentrieren": Even if the verb is not reflexive in your mother tongue, a reflexive pronoun must be used here. What are unreal reflexive verbs? An unreal reflexive verb can be used reflexively as well as not reflexively. It always depends on the content of the sentence. You can ask for it. The verb can also refer to an object instead of the subject and is then not reflexive. Ich wasche mich. I wash myself. (Here the verb is reflexive, since it refers to the subject.) ⇒ One needs a reflexive pronoun.) Ich wasche meine Socken. I wash my socks.

(Here the verb is not reflexive, since it does NOT refer to the subject but to the object "Hände." ⇒ Here, one does not need a reflexive pronoun.) Word order: In the main clause: Ich wasche mich am Abend. In the question sentence: Wäschst du dich am Abend? In the subordinate clause: Ich freue mich nicht… – Hauptsatz I am not happy - main sentence …weil ich mich heute waschen werde. …because I will wash myself today. Only the verb goes backwards. The reflexive pronoun remains at position 3. With modal and auxiliary verbs: Ich kann mich heute freuen. I can be happy today. Ich habe mich heute gefreut. I was happy today. Only the verb goes backwards. The reflexive pronoun stands at position 3 behind the modal verb or auxiliary verb. Exercise: Put the reflexive verb in the right form: sich ärgern: Warum _____ du ____? sich freuen: Maria _________ auf die Reise. sich treffen: Wo ______ wir ____? sich verabreden: Anna ______ mit Maria vor dem Kino. sich erholen: Wo _____ ihr _____ im Urlaub? Answer: Ärgerst, dich. Freut sich Treffen, uns Verabredet sich Erholt, euch

Imperative The imperative is the command form. You use it to command someone or to ask someone to do something. So the imperative exists only in the forms you and the courtesy you. Example: Geh jetzt in die Schule! (Du – Form) – Go to school now! Geht bitte in die Schule! (Ihr – Form) – Please go to school! Gehen Sie bitte zur Arbeit! (Sie – Form) – Please go to work! Formation of the imperative In the courtesy form, the imperative is formed with the infinitive of the verb + you. Gehen Sie zur Arbeit! – Go to work! Plural "ihr": In the plural we use the conjugated present form of the verb without the pronoun. Geht (ihr) in die Schule! - Go to school! Singular "du": In the singular one uses the conjugated form without the ending and without pronouns. Geh(st) (du) in die Schule! - Go to school. Special features: (Singular only) Vowel changes of strong verbs from "e" to "i / ie" also do not apply to the imperative, vowel change from "a" to "ä" Hilf deiner Schwester. Help your sister. Fahr schneller. Drive faster. To sound more polite or more upscale, we can attach an "e". Geh(e) in die Schule. Go to school. If the stem ends in "d" / "t" or "m" / "n", the "e" MUST almost always be appended. Warte noch 10 Minuten! Wait another 10 Minutes! Exercise: Build the imperative Infinitiv - du - ihr - Sie

Machen - Mach! - Macht! - Machen Sie! arbeiten bitten essen fahren lesen öffnen Answer: Arbeite! Arbeitet! Arbeiten Sie! Bitte! Bittet!Bitten Sie! Iss! Esst! Essen Sie! Fahr! Fahrt! Fahren Sie! Lies! Lest! Lesen Sie! Öffne! Öffnet! Öffnen Sie!

Subjunctive I The subjunctive is one of the 3 modes (indicative, imperative, subjunctive) that a verb can have. In German grammar there is the subjunctive 1 and the subjunctive 2. The subjunctive I is a definite conjugation of the verbs used in indirect speech. You can find it mainly in newspaper texts, news and some solid twists. What is indirect speech? Direct speech: The teacher says: “German is not difficult!” Indirect speech: The student said to a friend, "My teacher says that German is not difficult." ⇒ The speaker is the teacher here and the student reports what the teacher said. Formation of the subjunctive 1 Theoretically, there is a subjunctive I form for all verbs, but practically only "sein" is used in all persons: Singular Ich sei Du seist Er/sie/es sei Plural Wir seien Ihr seiet Sie seien For all other verbs, the subjunctive I is usually used only in the 3rd person singular (er/sie/es): All you have to do is remove the "n" from the infinitive. leben ⇒ „er lebe“ haben ⇒ „er habe“ In the second person (du/ihr), the subjunctive I is only used very rarely and differs from the indicative only by an "e" before the ending. singen ⇒ „du singest “ / „ihr singet” Gehen ⇒ „du gehest“ / „ihr gehet“

In colloquial language, subjunctive II is used here. Example: In the 1st person singular (ich) and the 1st and 3rd person plural (wir / ihr), the subjunctive I is no longer used. Here one uses the subjunctive 2 or the normal indicative form. Sie sagt: „Wir gehen in die Schule.“ – She says: “We are going to school”. Sie sagt sie würden in die Schule gehen. – She says they would go to school” (= Konjunktiv II) Sie sagt, sie gehen in die Schule. – She says, they go to school. (= Indikativ) Tenses in the subjunctive I The subjunctive I can be used in the present tense, perfect and future tense. The conjugated verb is placed in the subjunctive I. Fixed terms In addition to indirect speech, the subjunctive 1 is also used in some fixed terms: „Gott sei Dank!“ „Es lebe die Freiheit.“ Subjunctive I in the colloquial speech In colloquial language, the subjunctive I is rarely used. Take the subjunctive II or use the indicative. Die Mutter sagt, dass das Buch nicht groß ist. The mother says, that the book is not big. Subjunctive II The subjunctive II is also referred to as a form of possibility and describes conjectures and unreal things. It is mainly used when one imagines or wishes something that is currently not possible. It is also used for polite questions or statements, suggestions and advice. The subjunctive 2 describes the unreal world. Ich wäre gern ein Alien. I would like to be an alien. Use of the subjunctive 2 As a polite request: Ich hätte gern noch ein Glass Wasser. I would like another glas of water. Würdest du bitte die Tür schließen? Could you please close the door.

As wish / dream: Ich hätte gern ein schönes Auto. I would like a nice car. Ich wünschte mir, ich wäre in Spanien. I wish myself to be in Spain. For suggestions and advice: Wir könnten heute spazieren gehen. We could go for a walk today. Sie sollte morgen lernen. She should study tomorrow. In addition to polite requests, wishes, dreams and advice, the subjunctive II is also used for unreal conditions, assumptions, unreal comparisons and unreal desires and dreams. Subjunctive II formation There are two forms of the subjunctive II, depending on whether it is a situation in the present or in the past. Situations in the present For present-day situations we attach the conjunctival ending to the preterite. Strong verbs with a / o / u get an umlaut. Example: finden (fand) – er fände Konjunktiv II (Present) würde-Form Person sein haben 1. Person Singular - ich fände - ich ware - ich hätte - ich würde … 2. Person Singular - du fändest - du wär(e)st - du hättest - du würdest … 3. Person Singular - er fände - er ware - er hätte - er würde … 1. Person Plural - wir fänden - wir wären - wir hätten - wir würden … 2. Person Plural - ihr fändet - ihr wär(e)t - ihr hättet - ihr würdet … 3. Person Plural - sie fänden - sie wären - sie hätten - sie würden … Weak and some mixed verbs do not differ in the subjunctive II from the indicative past tense. That's why we would normally rewrite these verbs. Example: ich heiratete – ich würde heiraten In less formal situations we also favor the dignity form (would + infinitive) for many strong verbs. Example: gehen – ich ginge/ich würde gehen Situations in the past

For situations in the past we use the subjunctive II of his / have + past participle II. Example: ich wäre gegangen/ich hätte getan Subjunctive II (past) 1. Person Singular, ich wäre gegangen, ich hätte getan 2. Person Singular, du wär(e)st gegangen, du hättest getan 3. Person Singular, er wäre gegangen, er hätte getan 1. Person Plural, wir wären gegangen, wir hätten getan 2. Person Plural, ihr wär(e)t gegangen, ihr hättet getan 3. Person Plural, sie wären gegangen, sie hätten getan Exercise Put the verbs in the subjunctive I. Es _____(leben) die Freiheit! Man ____ (nehmen) 200 g Mehl Dein Wille _____ (geschehen) _____(mögen) das Glück mit dir sein! Einer____ (tragen) des Anderen Last. Put the verbs in the subjunctive II. Sie tat so, als_____ (wissen) er die Frau nicht. Sie versprachen mir, ich_____ (bekommen) ein Buch. Wenn es_____ (gehen), würde sie kommen. Sie befürchteten, wir_____ (können) das Problem nicht lösen. Wenn das Kind doch endlich____ (schlafen). Answer Lebe Nahm Geschah Möge Wusste Würde ein Geschenk bekommen Ging Könnten

Schlief

The passive The passive emphasizes an action or state. Who / what has caused the act or condition is unimportant, unknown or presumed to be common knowledge. In our explanation you will learn how the passive is formed and used in German. Example: Eine Frau wurde beraubt. Der Frau wurde geholfen. Jetzt wird die Frau zur Polizei gebracht. A woman was robbed. The woman is being helped. The woman is now being brought to the police. We use the passiv if we want to emphasize an action (what happens?). Who performs the action is not so important or unknown. Example: Eine Frau wurde beraubt. Der Frau wurde geholfen. Jetzt wird die Frau zur Polizei gebracht. The most important information in these sentences is that someone has been hit, they have been bandaged and the man is now taken to the hospital. Anyone who has hit the man, who put him on the bandage and who drives him to the hospital, is not that important or unknown in this case. With the state passive we describe the state after an action. Example: Ihr wird geholfen. Während der Handlung wurde der Frau geholfen. Formation of the tenses in the passive Subject + form of werden (+ object) + past participle II Präsens: Die Frau wird beraubt. Perfekt: Die Frau ist jetzt beraubt worden. Präteritum: Die Frau wurde beraubt. Plusquamperfekt: Die Frau war beraubt worden. Futur I: Die Frau wird beraubt werden. Futur II: Die Frau wird beraubt worden sein. Passive state Subject + form of sein + participle II

Präsens: Die Frau ist beraubt Perfekt: Die Frau ist beraubt gewesen. Präteritum: Die Frau war beraubt. Plusquamperfekt: Die Frau war beraubt gewesen. Futur I: Die Frau wird beraubt sein. Futur II: Die Frau wird beraubt gewesen sein. Some tenses in the active are similar to the passive. Active or passive We actively use to emphasize who / what the action is doing. Example: The teacher thought the lection. Passive we use to emphasize the action itself. Who / what performs the action, is omitted in many passive sentences. Example: Der Lehrer lehrte die Lektion. Die Lektion wurde (vom Lehrer) gelehrt. Exercise: Form the passive from the active: Ich lese die Zeitung.→ Sie unterschrieb das Papier.→ Ein Auto hat mich angefahren.→ Meine Nachbarn werden meinen Hund füttern.→ Seine Großeltern hatten das Haus gekauft.→ Answer: Die Zeitung wird von mir gelesen. Das Papier ist von ihr unterschrieben worden. Ich wurde von einem Auto angefahren. Mein Hund wird von meinen Nachbarn gefüttert. Das Haus wurde von seinen Großeltern gekauft.

Chapter 5 - Tenses In German there are six tenses: Present, Perfect, Preterite, Past Perfect, Futur I and Future II. The following overview shows briefly and compact the rules for formation and use for weak and strong verbs. Overview of the use and formation of the German tenses:

Present The present tense is mainly used to talk about the present and the future. It is the most commonly used tense form in German. Learn the rules for using and forming the present with our explanation. Example: Das ist Mario. Jeden Mittwoch geht er zum Basketballtraining. Er spielt schon seit drei Jahren Basketball. - This is Mario. Every Wednesday he goes to basketball-training. He has been playing basketball for three years. Nächsten Montag um 11 Uhr hat sein Team ein wichtiges Spiel. - Next Monday at 11am his team has an important match. Usage We use the present tense for: Facts or conditions in the present Example: Das ist Mario. This is Mario. Acts that take place once, several times or never in the present Example: Jeden Mittwoch geht er zum Basketballtraining. He goes to the basketballtraining every Wednesday. Actions that express how long something has already happened Example: Er spielt schon seit drei Jahren Basketball. He plays basketball for 3 years.. Actions in the future that are already established or agreed Example: Nächsten Montag hat sein Team ein wichtiges Spiel. Next Monday, his team has an important game. Formation of the Present To conjugate verbs in the present tense, we remove the infinitive ending -en and append the following endings: Person, suffix, example 1. Person Singular (ich) –e ich lerne 2. Person Singular (du) –st du lernst 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) –t er lernt 1. Person Plural (wir) -en wir lernen

2. Person Plural (ihr) -t ihr lernt 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) –en sie lernen The verbs sein and haben are irregular: Person sein haben 1. Person Singular (ich) ich bin, ich habe 2. Person Singular (du) du bist, du hast 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) er ist, er hat 1. Person Plural (wir) wir sind, wir haben 2. Person Plural (ihr)ihr seid, ihr habt 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) sie sind, sie haben Exercise Put the verbs in the right form in the present tense. Das Mädchen _____ (gehen) zur Schule. Ich_____ (kochen) heute das Essen. Er _____(wohnen) nicht hier. _____(lernen) ihr Deutsch? ______(Schreiben) du mir ein Brief? Answer: geht koche wohnt lernt schreibst

Perfect We use the perfect in German for completed actions in which the result or the sequence is in the foreground. In the spoken language we often use the perfect instead of the preterite. Example Gestern hat Michael sein Büro aufgeräumt. Yesterday, Michael cleaned up his office. Er hat sich vorgenommen, jetzt immer so ordentlich zu sein. Aber bis nächste Woche hat er das bestimmt wieder vergessen. He's determined to be so neat now. But he'll probably forget that by next week. Usage We use Perfect for: completed actions in the past (usually the result or the consequence of the action is in the foreground.) Example: Gestern hat Mario sein Zimmer aufgeräumt. Yesterday Mario cleaned up his room. Er hat sich vorgenommen, es täglich so zu machen. He is determined to do so daily. Actions that will be completed by a certain time in the future (The future time must be recognizable by a time, otherwise we use Futur II.) Example: In ein paar Tagen hat er das bestimmt wieder vergessen. He probably forgot that by next week. Formation In order to conjugate verbs in the perfect, we need the present forms of sein / haben and the past participle of the full verb. Person, Sein, haben 1.Person Singular (ich) ich bin gegangen, ich habe gelesen 2. Person Singular (du) du bist, du hast 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) er ist, er hat 1. Person Plural (wir) wir sind, wir haben 2. Person Plural (ihr) ihr seid, ihr habt 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) sie sind, sie haben

Haben or sein We take the auxiliary verb: verbs with accusative object Example: Mario hat das Zimmer aufgeräumt. (etwas aufräumen) - Mario cleaned up the room. for verbs without an accusative object that express no change of location / state Example: Er hat aufgeräumt. (aufräumen) He cleaned up. in reflexive verbs Example: Das Zimmer hat sich verändert. (sich verändern) The room has changed. We take the auxiliary verb: verbs of motion (without accusative object): gehen, laufen, fahren, fallen, fliegen, kommen, reisen, stolpern, stürzen Example: Alle Freunde sind in das Zimmer gekommen. All friends have come to the room.. at verbs of change of state: aufwachen/erwachen, einschlafen, gefrieren, tauen, sterben, zerfallen Example: Marios Zimmer ist erwacht. Michael's room has awakened. At following verbs: bleiben, sein, werden, gelingen, misslingen, geschehen Example: Was ist mit Mario geschehen? What happened to Mario? Past participle II The participle II we form in German as follows: Regular verbs (weak verbs) form partizip II with ge…t.. In between we set the verb stem. Example: lernen - gelernt Irregular verbs are verbs that change the root word in past tense and / or past participle. We distinguish between strong and mixed verbs.

Strong verbs form the present participle with ge…en. Example: sehen – gesehen (sehen-sah-gesehen) gehen – gegangen (gehen-ging-gegangen) Mixed verbs form the participle II with ge…t. Example: haben – gehabt (haben-hatte-gehabt) bringen – gebracht (bringen-brachte-gebracht) Special features of the formation In the formation of participle II we have to consider some peculiarities: If the root of the word ends in d / t, we attach to weak / mixed verbs -et. Example: Warten - gewartet Verbs with the ending -ieren form the past participle without ge. Example: studieren – studiert Non-separable verbs form the participle II without ge. Example: Verstehen - verstanden For separable verbs the ge is behind the prefix. Example: Ankommen – angekommen Exercise: Write the sentences in perfect. (weak verbs) (ich/suchen/dich) _________ (er/zeigen/uns/den Weg) ____________ (wir/nicht/glauben/ihm)____________ (wem/du/folgen)____________ (hören/ihr/das) __________? Write the sentences in perfect. (strong verbs) (der Schnee/schmelzen) _________ (meine Großeltern/kommen/zu Besuch) ___________ (ich/nicht lesen/den Text) _________

(wann/du/gehen/nach Hause) ___________? (schließen/du/das Fenster) __________? Answer: Ich habe dich gesucht. Er hat uns den Weg gezeigt. Wir haben ihm nicht geglaubt. Wem bist du gefolgt? Habt ihr das gehört? Der Schnee ist geschmolzen. Meine Großeltern sind zu Besuch gekommen. Ich habe den Text nicht gelesen. Wann bist du nach Hause gegangen? Hast du das Fenster geschloßen?

Past Tense The past tense (imperfect, past tense) we use in German for narratives and reports in the past, especially in the written language. In oral language we often take the perfect instead of the past tense. Example: Am letzten Wochenende machte ich eine Reise nach Berlin. Last weekend I did a trip to Berlin. Mit dem Auto fuhr ich dahin. Die Reise war ausgezeichnet und ich hatte tolles Wetter. I drove with the car. The trip war great and I had great weather. We use the past tense for: completed actions in the past Example: Am letzten Wochenende machte ich eine Reise nach Berlin Mit dem Auto fuhr ich dahin. Facts or states in the past Example: Die Reise war ausgezeichnet und ich hatte tolles Wetter. Formation To conjugate verbs in the past tense, we remove the infinitive ending -en and append the following endings: Person, weak verbs, strong / mixed verbs 1. Person Singular (ich) –te, ich lernte – ich sah 2. Person Singular (du) –test, du lerntest –st, du sahst 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) –te, er lernte – er sah 1. Person Plural (wir) –ten, wir lernten, -en, wir sahen 2. Person Plural (ihr) –tet, ihr lerntet, -t, ihr saht 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) –ten, sie lernten –en, sie sahen The verbs sein and haben are irregular, but are used very often. Therefore, you should definitely know their forms: Person, Sein, haben 1. Person Singular (ich) ich war ich hatte 2. Person Singular (du) du warst du hattest 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) er war er hatte

1. Person Plural (wir) wir waren wir hatten 2. Person Plural (ihr) ihr wart ihr hattet 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) sie waren sie hatten Exercise: Put the verbs in the right form in the past tense. (weak verbs) Wir_______ (reisen) in einem Bus durch Deutschland. Meine Eltern________ (kaufen) mir ein Klavier. Ich______ (tanzen) die ganze Zeit. Auf wen ________ (warten) er? Put the verbs in the right form in the past tense (strong/mixed verbs) Ich_____ (essen) die ganze Pizza auf. Unsere Eltern ________(kommen) uns besuchen. Meine Oma______ (kennen) einen berühmten Singer. Worüber________ (sprechen) ihr bei der Versammlung? Answer: reisten Kauften Tanzte Wartete Iss Kamen Kannte Spracht

Pluperfect We use the pluperfect in German when we look back at a story in the past (in the past tense) of something that had happened before that. Example: Bei der Veranstaltung spielte Maria etwas auf dem Klavier. At an event, Maria was playing on the piano. Sie hatte oft geübt, bevor sie es so gut spielen konnte. She practiced a lot, before she could play so good. Usage We use pluperfect for actions that happened before a certain time in the past. Example: Sie hatte oft geübt, bevor sie es so gut spielen konnte. Formation To conjugate verbs in the pluperfect, we need the past tense forms of sein and haben and the past participle of the verb. 1. Person Singular (ich) ich war gegangen; ich hatte gelesen 2. Person Singular (du) du warst; du hattest 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) er war;er hatte 1. Person Plural (wir) wir waren; wir hatten 2. Person Plural (ihr) ihr wart; ihr hattet 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) sie waren; sie hatten Past participle II For the participle II we distinguish strong verbs (ge ... en) and weak / mixed verbs (ge ... t). Verb type, conjugation, example Strong ge…en sehen – gesehen - Ich hatte ihn gesehen. Weak ge…t üben – geübt - Sie hatte oft geübt. Mixed ge…t denken – gedacht - Wir hatten an ihn gedacht. Exercise Complete the sentences. Use pluperfect. (weak verbs) Nachdem er _____(stürzen) , tat ihm der Arm weh. Vor zwei Jahren zogen Maria und Anna nach Deutschland, wo sie beide vorher _____ (studieren).

Zur Versammlung kamen viel mehr Leute, als ich______ (erwarten) Complete the sentences. Use pluperfect. (strong/mixed verbs) Ich erhielt erst gestern den Brief, den du mir aus dem Urlaub_____ (schreiben). Als die Party richtig losging,____ (wir/schon/gehen). Wir übernachteten in dem Zimmer, das Mario uns _____(empfehlen). Answer: Gestürzt war Studiert hatten Erwartet hatte Geschrieben hattest Waren wir schon gegangen Empfohlen hatte

Futur I The Futur I expresses in the German above all an intention for the future or a presumption for present or future. Example Johan sagte mir gestern: „Morgen werde ich die Schachteln sortieren.“ Johan told me yesterday: “ Tomorrow I will sort out the boxes.” Ich antwortete: “Das wirst du nicht machen können.” I answered: “You wont be able to do this” So wie ich ihn kenne, wird sein Arbeitsplatz noch chaotischer aussehen. As I know him, his workplace will look even more chaotic. Usage With the German tense form Futur I we express the following: Intention for the future Example: Morgen werde ich die Schachteln sortieren. Guess (for the future) Example: Das wirst du nicht machen können. Guess (for the present) Example: Sein Arbeitsplatz wird noch chaotischer aussehen. Formation In order to conjugate verbs in Futur I, we need the forms of werden and the infinitive (basic form) of the full verb. Person, Form of "werden", full verb 1. Person Singular (ich) ich werde gehen, lesen, sehen, gewinnen 2. Person Singular (du) du wirst 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) er wird 1. Person Plural (wir) wir werden 2. Person Plural (ihr) ihr werdet 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) sie werden Exercise: Write sentences in Futur I.

(die Verkäuferin/helfen/dir) (ich/aufstehen/morgen/zeitig) (die Schüler/machen/wohl/eine Klassenfahrt) (du/nicht/fahren/in den Urlaub) (ihr/nicht/bekommen/mehr Taschengeld) Answer: Die Verkäuferin wird dir helfen. Ich werde morgen zeitig aufstehen. Die Schüler werden wohl eine Klassenfahrt machen. Du wirst nicht in den Urlaub fahren. Ihr werdet nicht mehr Taschengeld bekommen.

Futur II Futur II is used in German to suggest that an act will already be completed at some point in time. Example Warum baut Johan seine Küche auseinander? Why is Johan disassembling his kitchen? Er wird wohl gelangweilt sein oder eine neue gekauft haben. He is probably bored or has bought a new one. Wir wollen in zwei Stunden eine Stadtrundfahrt machen. We want to go to a city trip in two hours. Mach dir keine Sorgen! Bis dahin wird er die Küche gesäubert haben. Don’t worry! Until than he will have the kitchen clean. Usage With the German tense form Futur II we express the following: Guess about an act in the past Example: Er wird wohl gelangweilt sein. Er wird eine neue Küche gekauft haben. Assumption that an action will be completed at some point in the future Example: Bis dahin wird er die Küche gesäubert haben. Note: We often reinforce guesses with words like: sicher, definitiv, bestimmt. Example: Er wird wohl gelangweilt sein. Er wird eine neue Küche gekauft haben. Formation To conjugate verbs in Futur II, we need the forms of werden, the participle of the full verb, and the auxiliary verbs. Person, form of "werden", full verb + sein or haben 1. Person Singular (ich) ich werde gegangen sein, aufgewacht sein, gelesen haben, gedacht haben 2. Person Singular (du) du wirst 3. Person Singular (er/sie/es/man) er wird

1. Person Plural (wir) wir werden 2. Person Plural (ihr) ihr werdet 3. Person Plural (sie/Sie) sie werden Past participle II For the participle II we distinguish strong verbs (ge ... en) and weak / mixed verbs (ge ... t). Verb type- conjugation - example Strong ge…en fahren – gefahren – Sie wird gefahren sein. Weak ge…t haben – gehabt – Er wird eine Küche gekauft haben. Mixed ge…t denken – gedacht – Sie wird nicht daran gedacht haben. Exercise: Write sentences in Futur II. (er/gehen/schon/nach Hause) (ihr/fragen/gar nicht/ihn) (du/liegen/am Strand/die ganze Zeit) Bis dahin (ich/aufwachen/schon wieder) Bis zum Wochenende (wir/lernen/das Lied) Answer: Er wird schon nach Hause gegangen sein. Ihr werdet ihn gar nicht gefragt haben. Du wirst die ganze Zeit am Strand gelegen haben. Bis dahin werde ich schon wieder aufgewacht sein. Bis zum Wochenende werden wir das Lied gelernt haben.

Chapter 6 – Nouns, Articles, cases and more Every noun has an article. The article tells you if the noun is masculine (male), feminine (female) or neutral (neuter). Article, Gender, Example Der, masculine, der Hund (the dog) Die, feminine, die Blume (the flower) Das, neutral, das Buch (the book) We also have a specific and indefinite article Articles are companions. Nouns are almost always accompanied by an article. Nouns can have different companions a specific article: der, die, das and an indefinite article: ein, eine. The specific article You use a specific article when you talk about something specific or something familiar. Heute ziehe ich das rote Hemd an. Today, I will wear the red shirt. You use the specific article if something is known, determined, and described in more detail. The indefinite article You use an indefinite article when you report something indefinite or a thing / person that is unknown. Heute ziehe ich ein Hemd an. Today I will put on a shirt. You use the indefinite article, if something... is unknown and, indefinite, that is not described in detail. The specific article in the singular You also have to be careful to adapt the article to the case of the noun: Case, Masculine, Feminine, Neutrum Nominative, der Baum, die Blume, das Buch Genitive, des Baumes, der Blume, des Buches

Dative, dem Baum, der Blume, dem Buch Accusative, den Baum, die Blume, das Buch The specific article in the plural You use the indefinite article only in singular. Case, Masculine, Feminine, Neutrum Nominative, ein Baum, eine Blume, ein Buch Genitive, eines Baums, einer Blume, eines Buches Dative, einem Baum, einer Blume, einem Buch Accusative, einen Baum, eine Blume, ein Buch In the plural the words “mehrere” (several) or “viele” (many) are also being used as a companion: ein Auto – viele Autos. The indefinite article The indefinite article you use only in the singular Case, Masculine, Feminine, Neutrum Nominative, ein Baum, eine Blume, ein Buch Genitive, eines Baums, einer Blume, eines Buches Dative, einem Baum, einer Blume, einem Buch Accusative, einen Baum, eine Blume, ein Buch Exercise Find 10 masculine, feminine and neutral nouns! Write them below the right article! Masculine, feminine, neutral The article changes if the noun is not in the first case the nominative. 1.Nominativ (Wer), 2.Genitiv (wessen), 3. Dativ, (wem) 4.Akkusativ (wen oder was) der Ball, des Balles, dem Ball, den Ball die Blume, der Blume, der Blume, die Blume das Buch, des Buches, dem Buch, das Buch Exercise a: Write a noun in your notebook and change it through its 4 cases! Exercise b: Write the 4 cases for each noun! Pay attention to the right articles! Noun, nominative, genitive, dative, accusative

Kleid Becher Hund Geschenk Lehrer Tante Answer: Noun, nominative, genitive, dative, accusative Kleid, das Kleid, des Kleides, dem Kleid, das Kleid Becher, der Becher, des Bechers, dem Becher, den Becher Hund, der Hund, des Hundes, dem Hund, den Hund Geschenk, das Geschenk, des Geschenks, dem Geschenk, das Geschenk Lehrer, der Lehrer, des Lehrers, dem Lehrer, den Lehrer Tante, die Tante, der Tante, der Tante, die Tante Nouns: singular and plural Most nouns can be singular and plural. The singular indicates that one thing occurs only once. Example: Der Hase. The rabbit The plural indicates that the corresponding noun exists several times. Example: Die Hasen. The rabbits The plural formation A general rule does not exist in plural formation. However, there are some rules of thumb. Which rules you have to observe when forming a plural is explained here. Rules of plural formation Forming the plural of a noun, the following endings can be used: -en, -e, -n, -s, -er. For some nouns, the plural is formed without an ending. Plural examples -en Person - Personen, Frau - Frauen -e Pferd - Pferde, Hund - Hunde -n Hase - Hasen, Tante - Tanten

-er Kind - Kinder, Haus - Häuser -Ø Tiger - Tiger In some nouns the umlaut changes in the formation of the plural. Examples: Tochter -Töchter, Hand - Hände, Blatt-Blätter There are words that can only be singular or plural. only singular - only plural Milch (milk) - Eltern (parents) Exercise Build the plural from the given singular of the noun. Das Bein Der Kopf Die Zeitung Das Blatt Die Blume Das Kleid Das Haus Answer: Die Beine Die Köpfe Die Zeitungen Die Blätter Die Blumen Die Kleider Die Häuser

Pronouns Pronouns replace a noun. There are, among others: Personal pronouns, Possessive pronouns, Reflexive pronouns, Relative pronoun, Demonstrative pronouns and Indefinite pronoun. Most pronouns must also be declined. In the following sections you will find simple explanations of the individual pronouns, declination, usage, word order and, of course, examples.

Personal pronouns We use personal pronouns to replace names already mentioned and to talk about ourselves or somebody or something else. Example: Sie kennt ihn – She knows him. Sie kennt es – She knows it Wir kennen ihn – We know him What information does the personal pronoun carry? Personal pronouns must be declined and display the person, the number and the case. Example: Er (He) = masculine, singular, nominative Wir (we) = plural, nominative Es (it) = neutral, singular, nominative Ich (I) = singular, nominative Forms of personal pronouns Du/ ihr (You / you) = informal (It is used in conversations with friends, family and generally in informal situations.) Sie = formal / courtesy (It is used in conversations with the boss, with strangers, and generally in formal situations.)

Declination of the personal pronoun Personal pronouns must be declined. Example: Das ist Mario. Er mage es Basketball zu spielen. That's Mario. He likes to play basketball. Ich mag ihn. I like him. Ich gebe ihm einen Kuchen. I give him a cake. Declination personal pronouns Person, Nom., Akku., Dat. Gen. Singular 1. Person ich, mich, mir, meiner 2.Person du, dich, dir, deiner 3.Person:er, ihn, ihm, seiner / Sie, sie, ihr, ihrer / Es, es, ihm, seiner Plural 1.Person wir, uns, uns, unser 2.Person ihr, euch, euch, euer 3.Person sie, sie, ihnen, ihrer Formal – Sie, Sie, Ihnen, Ihrer Use of personal pronouns Personal pronoun in the 1st person: ich, wir (me, we) In the first person we speak when we talk about ourselves. Ich gehe zur Schule. Mir ist schlecht. - I am going to school. I am sick. Wir räumen immer unser Zimmer auf. Uns ist es wichtig. - We always clean up our room. That's important to us. Personal pronoun in 2nd person: du, ihr, Sie (you, you, you) The 2nd person we use when we talk to someone. "du" and "ihr" are the informal variants and "Sie" is formal. It corresponds to the 3rd person plural, but the pronoun is capitalized. Du wirst heute deine Bücher verkaufen. Ich werde dir helfen.You will sell your books today. I will help you. Habt ihr eure Zimmer aufgeräumt? War es schwer für euch? - Have you cleaned your rooms? Was it hard for you? Könnt ihr mir helfen? Ja, ich kann Ihnen helfen. Can you please help me? Yes,I can help you.

Personal pronoun in 3rd person: er, sie, es (he, she, it) In the third person, we talk about other people or things. Usually these have been mentioned before or it is clear who you are talking about. Mario ist in Anna verliebt? Er geht heute mit ihr zu einem Date. – Mario is in love with Anna. He's going to a date with her today. If it is not clear, for example, for two nouns with the same gender, it is better to use the noun and not the pronoun to avoid misunderstandings. Frau Müller hat eine Katze. Ich mag sie sehr. Ms. Müller has a cat. I really like her. (Who? The cat or Mrs. Schmidt?) Exercise Choose the right personal pronoun. ___ studiert in Frankfurt. (du / ich / Wir / ihr / euch / Sie) ___schreiben morgen eine Arbeit. (ich / das Kind / ihr / Mark und ich) ____heißt Mario. (ich / Mein Nachbar / sie / ihr / wir) ____hat zwei Geschwister. (du / ihr / Sie / sie / mein / Ich) ____machen die Hausaufgaben. (du / er / sie / ihr / Sie / Du / Ihr) ____ist nicht verheiratet. (ich / Karl / Ihr / wir / Lars und Ute) ____antwortest Mario nicht. (Ich / Du / Er / Sie / Es / sie) ____brauche viel Geld.(Sie / Er / Ich / Du / Hans / Wir) Answer: Sie Mark und ich Mein Nachbar Sie Sie Karl Du Ich

Possessive pronouns Possessive pronouns are mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser, euer, ihr (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, yours) and their respective declined forms. They replace an already mentioned noun and indicate possession or belonging to that noun. Possessive pronouns must be declined.

Example: Ist das dein Auto? – Ja, das ist meiner. Is that your car? - Yes, that's mine! Wem gehört die Katze? – Das ist meine. Who owns the cat? - That's mine! Difference between possessive pronouns and possessive articles Wem gehört das Auto? – „Das ist mein Auto. Who owns the car? - That's my car. ⇒ Possessive article, because the noun stands after it. Wem gehört das Auto? – Das ist meiner. Who owns the car? – That’s mine! ⇒ Possessive pronoun, since there is no noun after it. Pronouns replace nouns. This means that with a noun after, it is a possessive article (thus a companion) and stands alone, thus without nouns, it is a possessive pronoun. The difference is important because the declination is different in the nominative and the accusative. Formation of possessive pronouns The person; ich, du, er, sie, es, wir, ihr, sie, Sie (me, you, he, she, it, we, you, her, you) is determined by the owner. The ending is determined by the genus of the noun to which it refers. The case is determined by the situation in the sentence in which the personal pronoun stands. Wem gehört der Hut? Who owns the hat? (Genus = masculine) Person Basic form Pronoun Case Ich, mein – Das ist meiner! Nominative, Masculin=der, Ending =er Du, dein – Das ist deiner! Er, sein – Das ist seiner! Sie, ihr – Das ist ihrer! Es, sein – Das ist ihrer! Wir, unser – Das ist unserer! Ihr, euer – Das ist eurer! sie/Sie, ihr/Ihr – Das ist ihrer/Ihrer! Declination of the possessive pronouns The declination differs only in the nominative (masculine + neutral) and in the accusative (neutral) of the declination of the possessive articles. The possessive pronouns always get the ending of the given article. Also in the nominative (m / n) and in the accusative (n).

Declination possessive pronouns Singular Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive Masculine meiner, meinen, meinem, meines Neutrum meins, meins, meinem, meines Feminin meine, meine, meiner, meiner Plural Meine, meine, meinen, meiner From the endings, you can see that the endings exactly match those of certain articles. Use of possessive pronouns As a substitute for a previously mentioned noun in the question of belonging: Wem gehört das Hemd? – Das ist mein(e)s. Who owns the shirt? - That's mine. Most often, the possessive pronoun is used after asking who owns something. Exercise: Write the right possessive pronouns: Example: Ich schenke meinem Bruder ein Auto. 1. Gibst du _____ Freund einen Stift? 2. Wir gratulieren _____ Bruder zum Geburtstag. 3. Mario hilft_____ Mutter. 4. Anna hilft ____ Vater. 5. Die Schüler geben ____ Lehrer die Hausaufgaben. 6. Ich habe einen Bruder. Das Fahrrad gehört ihm. Das Fahrrad gehört____ Bruder. 7. Helft ihr immer ____ Eltern? 8. Der Lehrer erzählt _____ Schülern eine Geschichte. Answer: 1.deinem 2.unserem 3.seiner 4.ihrem 5. ihrem

6.meinem 7.euren 8.seinen

Reflexive pronouns Reflexive pronouns are mich, mir, dich, dir, sich, uns, euch und sich. They are used with reflexive and reciprocal verbs. They always relate to the subject. Example: Ich wasche mir die Hände. I wash my hands. Wir treffen uns.We meet each other. Formation of the reflexive pronoun Reflexive pronouns depend on the subject and must be declined: Akkusativ-Dativ Ich, mich-mir Du, dich-dir Er/sie/es, sich-sich Wir, uns-uns Ihr, euch-euch sie/Sie, sich-sich Reflexive pronouns can only stand in the accusative and the dative and differ there only in the 1st and 2nd person singular. Use of reflexive pronouns For reflexive verbs: (Verbs that refer to themselves) Ich wasche mich. I wash myself. Accusative Ich wasche mir die Hände. I wash my hands. Dative In general, the reflexive pronoun is in the accusative. It is only in the dative, if the verb uses a dative supplement. Simply put, if there are two objects, the reflexive pronoun is usually used in the dative. Likewise, if the verb forces the dative, for example “sich schaden”. Otherwise, the accusative is used. Du schadest dir. You're hurting yourself. - Dative Ich kaufe mir ein Fahrrad. I buy myself a bycycle. - Dative For reciprocal verbs:

Reciprocal verbs are verbs with a subject in the plural, in which the two persons in the subject perform the action with the other person of the subject. Reciprocal reflexive pronouns correspond to the meaning "each other " and thus exist only in the plural Die 2 Mädchen sehen sich.“ = Sie sehen einander. The 2 girls see themselves. = They see each other. Sie streiten sich. = Sie streiten miteinander. They argue. = They argue with each other. These verbs also include: „sich kennen“, „sich lieben“, „sich einigen“, „sich küssen“("to know each other", "to love one another", "to agree", "to kiss each other") Exercise: Write the right reciprocal verbs: 1. Meine Frau und ich, wir interessieren ____ für alte Kirchen. 2. Johan verabredet ____ mit Mario für Dienstagabend. 3. Triffst du ____ immer noch jeden Dienstag mit dem Club? 4. Darf ich ____ vorstellen? Mein Name ist Anna. 5. Ihr müsst ____ beeilen, sonst verpasst das Konzert. Answer: 1.uns 2.sich 3.dich 4.mich 5.euch

Relative pronouns Relative pronouns are: der, die, das, welcher, welches und welche, as well as the respective declined versions. They stand for an already mentioned noun and the following subordinate clause gives additional information about the noun. Example: Das ist der Mann, der ein Auto hat. This is the man who has a car. Declination of relative pronouns Relative pronouns must be declined and there are der, die, das und welche:: Declination of the relative pronouns of der, die, das: Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive

M der, den, dem, dessen N das, das, dem, dessen F die, die, der, deren Plural die, die, denen, deren The declension corresponds almost completely to that of the particular article only in the genitive and in the plural dative the articles have an "en" attached. Declination of the relative pronoun welche: Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive M welcher, welchen, welchem, N welches, welches, welchem, F welche, welche, welcher, Plural welche, welche, welchen, The endings are 100% identical to those of certain articles. In the genitive welche can not be used. In the nominative, dative and accusative, however, there is no difference between der, die, das and welche. Use of relative pronouns Relative pronouns are used to introduce relative clauses. These relative clauses then provide additional information about a noun and describe it in more detail. How to determine the relative pronoun correctly? The genus (masculine, feminine, neutral) and the number (singular or plural) it gets from the reference word. The case gets it from the situation in relative clause. Example: Das ist der Mann, der ein Auto. This is the man who has a car. Which noun does the relative pronoun refer to? Answer: der Mann (the man) Which genus and number does the reference word have ("der Mann")? Answer: Masculine and Singular Which case does the relative pronoun possess in the subordinate clause? Answer: nominative Pronoun = masculine + singular + nominative ⇒ "der" How to determine the case in relative clause? Put the reference word in the relative clause!

Das ist der Mann, der ein Auto hat. This is the man who has a car. Das ist der Mann. Der Mann hat ein Auto. This is the man. The man has a car. The 2nd version does not sound good because "der Mann" is repeated, but it shows which case to use. Nominative, since "der Mann" is here the subject of the sentence. ⇒ The relative pronoun must also be in the nominative, since it is only there instead of "der Mann" there. Example: Genus and number remain the same, since the reference word remains the same. The case changes depending on the subordinate clause: Das ist der Mann: der ein Auto hat. Nominative Das ist der Mann: den wir gesehen haben. Accusative Das ist der Mann: dem das Auto gehört. Dative Das ist der Mann: dessen Auto kaputt ist. Genitive Relative pronouns with prepositions If the relative pronoun refers to a noun preceded by a preposition, the preposition must also be used before the relative pronoun. It does not depend on the reference word in the main clause, but on whether the noun in the subordinate clause has the preposition before it. Da kommt der Zug. Wir warten schon so lange auf den Zug. Here comes the train. We've been waiting for the train for so long. Da kommt der Bus, auf den wir warten. Here's the bus we've been waiting for. Dort ist das Museum. Ich bin früher in dieses Museum gegangen. There is the museum. I used to go this museum earlier. Dort ist das Museum, in das ich früher gegangen bin. There's the museum I used to go to earlier. Exercise: Combine the sentences with relative pronouns: 1. Das Buch handelt von dem Winter. Mario hat das Buch gelesen. - Das Buch, ____________ Mario gelesen hat, handelt von dem Winter. 2.Wie gefällt dir der Stift? Ich habe ihn gestern gekauft. - Wie gefällt dir der Stift, ____________ ich gestern gekauft habe?

3. Das ist der Zug. Wir müssen immer auf den Zug warten. - Das ist der Zug, auf____________ wir immer warten müssen. 4.Sind das dort die Studenten? Du hast ihre Hausaufgaben korrigiert. - Sind das dort die Studenten, ______________ Hausaufgaben du korrigiert hast? 5. Die Frau wohnt in Spanien. Du hast ihr geholfen. - Die Frau,_____________du geholfen hast, wohnt in Spanien. Answer: 1.das 2.den 3.den 4.deren 5.der

Demonstrative pronouns Demonstrative pronouns are: der, die, das, dieser, diese, dieses, jener, jene, jenes and the respectively declined versions. They are used to emphasize something and can stand for an already mentioned noun. Example: Wer ist der Mann dort? – Den kenne ich nicht. Who is the man there? - I do not know him. They are getting more and more emphasized. They can also be proxies for a previously mentioned noun and there are also different demonstrative pronouns with different meanings and uses. Declination of demonstrative pronouns The demonstrative pronouns „der“, „die“, „das“are declined in the same way as the relative pronouns: Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive M der, den, dem, dessen N das, das, dem, dessen F die, die, der, deren Plural die, die, denen, deren Word order Demonstrative pronouns are always strongly emphasized and emphasize something. That's why they are almost always in position 1:

Der Mann gibt der Frau den Ball. The man gives the woman the ball. (Normal, as an article) Den gibt der Mann der Frau. That gives the man to the woman. Den gibt er ihr! He gives it to her! Alternative word order: Er gibt den ihr. It is not grammatically incorrect to put the demonstrative pronoun in the 3rd or 4th position, but it contradicts the emphasis! That's why native speakers will probably be confused if you put it somewhere other than P1. The demonstrative pronoun: „das“ "Das" as a demonstrative pronoun is also used in the following situations: "Das" in connection with the verb "sein" refers to a person, a thing or an object. (Pointing with a finger at it) Often it is combined with the local adverbs hier, da and dort. Mama, was ist das da? –Das ist ein Ball. Mom, what's that? - That's a ball. Wem gehören die Stiefel dort? – „Das sind meine! Who owns the boots there? - These are mine! "Das" may also refer to a whole sentence content, ie a situation. Maria hat sich von Johan getrennt! - Bist du dir sicher? Das kann nicht sein! Maria has separated from Johan! - Are you sure? This can’t be! Die Tür ist kaputt! - Das wusste ich! The door is broken! - I knew that ! A situation or idea has no gender ⇒ das Demonstrative pronoun „dieser” / „jener” The demonstrative pronouns dieser / jener get in the declination the endings of certain articles: Nominative Accusative Dative Genitive M dieser diesen diesem dieses N dieses dieses diesem dieses F diese diese dieser dieser Pl diese diese diesen dieser The declination of "dieser" and "jener" is identical. "Dieser" is used to highlight a thing near the speaker. "Jener" is used to emphasize a thing further away from the speaker. Gefallen dir die Stiefel? – Nein, diese nicht aber jene. Do you like the boots? - No, not these, but those!

Ist das dein neues Apartment? – Dieses nicht, aber jenes. Is this your new appartment? – No, not this, but that! Exercise: These demonstrative pronouns should be found: das Gleiche, derselbe, diese, dieselbe, dieses Choose the right demonstrative pronoun: Das war ____ Hund. Dieses Essen, immer ____ . Genau ____ Video habe ich gesucht. Auf ___ Gelegenheit wartete er. Er wiederholt sich stets auf_____ Art. Answer: Derselbe Das Gleiche Dieses Diese dieselbe

Indefinite pronouns For example, indefinite pronouns are etwas, nichts, jeder, man, jemand, niemand (something, nothing, everyone, somebody, nobody) and their respective declined versions. They take the place of people or things that can not be pinpointed. Not all have to be declined. Indefinite pronouns are thus proxies for persons or things just like the personal pronouns. The difference to the personal pronouns is that indefinite pronouns always have a general meaning. So they can not be assigned to a specific person or thing. Example: Bringst du mir etwas zu trinken mit? Will you bring me something to drink? (= general, nothing concrete, you do not care what kind of drink it is.) Bringst du mir eine Cola mit? Will you bring me a coke? (= Concrete, a coke, nothing else!) Groups of indefinite pronouns Indefinite pronoun for persons only: „man“ – „jemand“ – „niemand“

“Man" - "someone" - "nobody" Indefinite pronoun just for things: „etwas“ – „nichts“ – „alles“ – „welch-“ "Something" - "nothing" - "everything" - "what-" Indefinite pronouns for persons and things: „jede“ – „einige“ – „manche“ – „ein“ – „kein“ – „all-“ "Any" - "some" - "some” - "one" - "none" - "all-" Indefinite pronoun for persons only Indefinite pronouns that can only be used with people are: "man" "jemand" - "niemand" The indefinite pronoun "man" "Man" is impersonal and can stand for one or more persons. It is always in the 3rd person singular and must be declined: Nominative Accusative Dative Man, einen, einem Example: Man muss immer alles gleich erzählen! You always have say everything right away. The indefinite pronoun "jemand / niemand" "Jemand" and "niemand" can only stand in the 3rd person singular. "Jemand" refers to an indefinite person and "niemand" denies "jemand". "Jemand" and "niemand" are theoretically the opposite to each other. The declination is often omitted and is therefore only optional: Nominative Accusative Dative Jemand, jemand(en), jemand(em) Niemand, niemand(en), niemand(em) Example: Kennt hier jemand einen Arzt? – (Keiner meldet sich). Does someone here know a doctor? - (Nobody answers) Schade, hier kennt niemand einen Arzt. - A pity, no one knows a doctor here. Wenn man jemanden sucht, ist niemand da. If you search someone, no one is there.

"jemand" can also be combined with irgend-. This makes it even more indefinite. Irgendjemand wird es schon wissen. Someone will know it. Indefinite pronoun just for things The indefinite proponents only for things are: "etwas" - "nichts" - "alles" "welch-". The indefinite pronoun "etwas" "Etwas" is unchangeable. ⇒ You do not have to decline it. It is representative for an indefinite thing or situation. Also something can be strengthened with "irgend-". Examples: Weisst du etwas? Do you know something? Ja, irgendetwas. Yes, something! In colloquial language, "etwas" is often shortened to "was". The indefinite pronoun "alles" "Alles" has a very generalized meaning. Alles stands for a thing or an action. Ich kann alles alleine machen. I can do everything alone. Alles oder nichts. All or nothing! "Nichts" is the negation / the opposite of "alles". "Alles" refers to situations, things and actions in which we have no gender. The indefinite pronoun "nichts" "Nichts" is the negation of "etwas" and "alles" and is also unchanging. Weisst Du etwas? – Nein, ich weiss nichts. Do you know something? - No I do not know anything. Heute war nichts zum essen da. Nothing was there to eat today. Indefinite pronoun for things and persons Indefinite pronouns for persons and things can also be used as article words. They are easy to distinguish from the version of the pronoun. It's an article word when the noun is directly behind it. If there is no noun behind it, it is a pronoun. This is important because the singular declination is sometimes different. Example: Ich will jeden Samstag ins Kino gehen. I want to go to the movies every saturday. ⇒ Article word

Jeder will ins Kino gehen. Everyone wants to go to the movies. ⇒ Indefinite pronouns The indefinite pronoun "jede" "Jede" must be declined like a certain article (der, die, das ...). "Jede" gets exactly the same endings as the specific articles. (der ⇒ jeder, ...) The reference word must be singular. Jede describes all parts of a group. Jeder will sich erholen. Everyone wants to relax. Ich gebe jedem ein Buch. I give a book to everyone. Indefinite pronoun "alle" "Alle-" must be declined like a particular article (der, die, das ...). (Attention: always plural) The reference word must be plural. "Alle-" describes the complete group. Alle wollen einen Stift. Everyone wants a pen. Ich gebe allen das Buch. I give everyone a book. The indefinite pronouns "einige / manche" In the singular, "einige" and "manche" always refer to things and thus get the ending "es". In the plural they can also refer to persons and get the endings of certain articles in the plural. (Nominative: einige, Accusative: einige, Dative: einigen, Genitive: einiger) They give an indefinite amount Einige müssen zu Hause bleiben. Some have to stay home. Manches muss geändert werden. Some things need to be changed. „einige“ und „manche“ werden meistens als Artikelwort genutzt und nur sehr selten als Pronomen. The indefinite pronouns "ein-" and "kein-" The indefinite pronouns "ein" and "kein" stand for an already mentioned or known, indefinite noun. "Kein-" is the negation of "ein". The declination corresponds to the declination of the possessive pronouns. In the plural, "ein" becomes "welch-".

Sing. Nom. Acc. Dat. Gen. M einer, einen, einem, eines N eins, eins, einem, eines F eine, eine, einer, einer Plur. welche, welche, welchen, welcher "Kein" gets the same endings and exists in the plural. Example: „Hast du ein Hemd?“ - „Ja, ich habe eins.“ / „Nein, ich habe keins.“ "Do you have a shirt?" - "Yes, I have one." / "No, I do not have one." „Gibst du mir noch ein paar Bananen?“ - „Ja, hier hast du welche.“ / „Nein, du bekommst keine mehr.“ "Will you give me some more bananas?" - "Yes, you have some here." / "No, you will not get any more." Exercise: Choose the right indefinite pronoun: Was hast du gesagt? _____. Warum denkst du, dass ich ____ gesagt hätte? Weil ich ____ gehört habe. Dann geh doch mal an die Tür, vielleicht steht dort____ . Choose jemand or jeder. Zum Geburtstag kamen viele Gäste und ich kannte ____(jeder) Am Wochenende sind wir bei (jemand) ____ eingeladen. Mein Vater lernte in der Schule viele Gedichte und er kann immer noch ____ (jeder) Er fragte (jemand) _____, der Muttersprachler ist! Put the pronoun “man” in the right place. Sein ständiges Gelaber geht mir auf die Nerven. So viel kann doch gar nicht auf einmal ertragen! Muss schon ganzen Mut zusammennehmen, wenn man mit Haien schwimmen will. Answer: Nichts, etwas Etwas Jemand Jeden Jemandem

Jedes Jemanden So viel kann man doch… Man muss schon ganzen Mut…

Adjectives and adverbs Adjectives are property words and are also called "Wiewörter". They assign properties to people and things, so they show how someone or something is. You can use the word "How?" for them. Example: Das ist ein Hemd. Das ist ein schönes Hemd. That is a shirt. That is a nice shirt. Do you have to decline adjectives? Short answer: Yes, but not always! If an adjective precedes a noun, it must be declined. The adjective gets an ending. Example: Die kleine Katze isst ihr essen. The little cat eats her food. ("Klein” stands before the noun "Frau" ⇒ adjective declension) But: „Die Frau ist klein.“ "The cat is little." (There is no noun after "klein" ⇒ No adjective declension.) How you decline an adjective depends on four different factors: Which article stands before the noun - a certain article, an indefinite article or no article? Is the noun in singular or plural? Is the noun masculine, feminine or neutral? In which case is the noun? The following overviews are available for learning: Maskulinum Neutrum Femininum Plural Nominativ, der große Mann, das kleine Kätzchen, die süße Frau, die guten Menschen Akkusativ, den großen Mann, das kleine Kätzchen, die süße Frau, die guten Menschen Dativ, dem großen Mann, dem kleinen Kätzchen, der süßen Frau, den guten Menschen Genitiv , des großen Mannes, des kleinen Kätzchens, der süßen Frau, der guten Menschen What are adverbs?

Adverbs are circumstantial words and refer to the verb ⇒ adverb. They give information about the place, the time, the reason or the way of an action. Therefore, they are subdivided into local, temporal, causal and modal adverbs. Some adverbs can also be used to join sentences. They are then conjunctive adverbs. They are immutable, so they are not declined. Difference between adverb and adjective Adjectives describe nouns and thus assign qualities to persons and things. If they are in front of a noun they must be declined according to the adjective declension. Adverbs describe circumstances. They are also called circumstantial words. They refer to the verb and not to a noun. One describes with them how, when, why or where something happens. Adverbs are unchanging and never declined. Example Gestern war ich bei einer tollen Party. Yesterday I was at a great party. Ich habe Mario gut sehen können I was able to see Mario very well. Ich habe tolle Fotos machen können. I was also able to take many great photos. Ich hatte aber kaum Platz. I hardly had any space. Exercise: Write the adjective in the right form: klein: Das ist ein ____ Kind. hoch: Dort ist ein ____Berg. gut: Er ist ein ____ Arzt. intelligent: Anna ist eine ____ Schülerin. neu: Dort steht mein ____ Auto. Pick the right adverb: (hin, herein fort, manchmal, innen, außen, hinein, viele) Er fuhr mit seinem Auto in die Garage____ . Kommt bitte _____ zu mir und schreibt eure Namen_____. Johan muss heute früher_____ . Er hat noch einen Termin.

Von ____ sah das Gebäude gut aus, aber_____ war es schrecklich. ____Schüler machen ihre Hausaufgaben._____ mit Fehlern. Answer: kleines, hoher, guter, intelligente, neues. Hinein, herein, hin, fort, außen, innen, viele, manchmal.

Chapter 7 – Sentence Structure The sentence structure in German is more flexible thanks to the cases than in many other languages. However, there are a few rules for word order, such as the position of the finite verb. On the following pages, we will go into detail on individual topics concerning syntax and word order.

Main clause Main sentences are independent sentences; they usually consist of at least subject, verb and object and contain complete information. The conjugate verb in the main clause is always at 2nd position. Word position in German The word order in the German sentence is an important topic. Thanks to the cases, we usually know whether a noun / pronoun is used as subject or object. Therefore, the object can also be at the beginning of the sentence, which is not readily possible in many other languages. Example: Both sentences express the same situation in German, even if the word order is different: Der Mann nimmt den Ball. Den Ball nimmt der Mann. The man takes the ball. Basic rule for the sentence structure The sentence structure in German is quite flexible. As a rule we should remember: The finite verb always occupies the second position in the set. infinite verb forms (infinitive, participle II) are at the end of the sentence. The subject is in many cases at the beginning of the sentence. In German, however, other phrases (eg object, place or time) may also be at the beginning of the sentence. If that's the case, the subject slips behind the finite verb. In most cases, the sentence structure is correct as follows: 1. Position, finite verb, Subject, indirect object, time, place, direct object, infinitie verb Subject: Die Lehrerin, hat, dem Kind, gestern, im Klassenzimmer, den Test, gegeben. ind. Object: Dem Kind, hat, die Lehrerin, gestern, im Klassenzimmer, den Test, gegeben. dir. Object: Den Test, hat, die Lehrerin, dem Kind, gestern, im Klassenzimmer, gegeben.

Time: Gestern, hat, die Lehrerin, dem Kind, im KLassenzimmer, den Test, gegeben. Place: Im Klassenzimmer, hat, die Lehrerin, dem Kind, gestern, den Test, gegeben But note: If the direct object is a pronoun, it is in front of the indirect object. Example: den Test = ihn Die Lehrerin hat ihn dem Kind gestern im Klassenzimmer gegeben. the test = it The teacher gave it to the kid yesterday in class. Exercise: Make sentences with subject / object / place / time at the first position. gestiegen/sind/wir/auf den Aussichtsturm 1. Position: Subjekt → gelernt/habt/ihr/ein neues Lied/in der Schule 1. Position: Ort → gehe/morgen/ich/ins Museum 1. Position: indirektes Objekt → vorlesen/darf/sie/ihrem Opa/die Zeitung Answer: Wir sind auf den Aussichtsturm gestiegen. In der Schule habt ihr ein neues Lied gelernt. Ins Museum gehe ich morgen. Ihrem Opa darf sie die Zeitung vorlesen.

Negation with ”nicht” and ”kein” in German If we want to deny a statement in German, we must know when the negation is formed with nicht and when with kein. Here you will learn the negation of sentences and the correct use of nicht and kein. We use nicht for negation of verbs Er sieht nicht. He does not see. Er hat gestern den Film nicht gesehen. He did not see the movie yesterday. of nouns with definite articles or possessive pronouns Er hat nicht für das Hemd bezahlt, sondern die Hosen. He did not pay for the shirt, but for the pants. Ich habe nicht sein Foto, sondern ihres. I do not have his picture, but hers. of proper names Das ist nicht Marios Auto, sondern Marias. of pronouns Ich habe nicht dich gerufen, sondern Anna. of adjectives Das ist nicht fair! That’s not fair. of adverbs Sie geht nicht gerne trinken. She does not like to drink. of place, time as well as way Wir wohnen nicht in München. We do not live in Munich. Der Bus kommt nicht um 17 Uhr an. The bus does not arrive at 5pm. We use nicht for negation for nouns without articles I'm hungry. – I'm not hungry. instead of an indefinite article Das ist eine Katze. – Das ist keine Katze. That is a cat – That is no cat. The use of nicht/kein in nouns In the following cases we can use kein and nicht: for nouns + verb, which form a solid unit (e.g. driving a car) Example:

Meine Mutter kann nicht Fahrrad fahren. My mother can not drive a bycycle. Meine Mutter kann kein Fahrrad fahren. My mother can drive no bycycle. With sondern Example: Ich habe nicht Cola, sondern Sprite bestellt. Ich habe keinen Sprite, sondern Cola bestellt. Exercise: Transform the positive sentences into negative sentences. Decide if you have to use nicht or kein. The underlined phrase should be negated. Ich verstehe dich. → Das ist ein Radio. → Das sind Janas Schuhe. → Sie muss früh aufstehen. → Er hat Geschwister. → Answer: Ich verstehe dich nicht. Das ist kein Radio. Das sind nicht Janas Schuhe. Sie muss nicht früh aufstehen. Er hat keine Geschwister.

Questions We can formulate questions in German with and without a question word. For questions with question words and prepositions there are some special things to note. Here you will learn the rules for forming questions and find a list of typical question words including examples. Questions without a question word Questions without a question word are questions that we can answer with yes / no. The finite verb is in 1st position in these questions. At second position follows the subject. The other parts of the sentence (object, time, place, etc.) are in the same order as in the main clause (see main clauses). Example: Habe ich dir das Hemd gegeben? - Did I give you the shirt? Questions with question word The question word is usually at the beginning of the sentence. This is followed by the finite verb and the other phrases. The part of the sentence we are asking for falls away (it is replaced by the question word). Example: Wann habe ich dir das Hemd gegeben? (Gestern habe ich dir das Hemd gegeben.) When did I give you the shirt? (Yesterday I gave you the shirt.) For questions about the object with a preposition, the preposition stands in front of the question word. Example: Mit wem gehst du ins Konzert? With whom are you going to the concert? Für wen ist der Ball? Who is this ball for? For questions about the subject, the finite verb is in the 3rd person singular. Example: Who gave you the book? Wer hat dir das Buch gegeben? Typical question words Wer, Wer hat dir geholfen? – Meine Mutter. wem, Wem hast du den Brief geschrieben? – Meiner Freundin. wen, Wen möchtet ihr kennenlernen? – Einen Schauspieler.

was, Was ist das? – Das ist ein Ball. Was habt ihr gesehen? – Einen Film. Was machst du? – Ich schreibe. wessen, Wessen Fahrrad ist das? – Das ist Marios Fahrrad. wo, Wo ist das Stadtzentrum? – Na dort. wohin, Wohin reist du? – Nach Deutschland. woher, Woher kommst du? – Ich komme aus Spanien. wann, Wann habt ihr gegessen? – Um 8 Uhr. wie, Wie geht es dir? – Gut. warum/weshalb/wieso, Warum bist du nervös? – Weil ich zuspät gekommen bin. wozu, Wozu willst du Deutsch lernen? – Um mich zu verständigen. welche(r/s), Welches Haus gefällt dir besser? – Das kleine. Questions with preposition + what Questions with preposition + what are very colloquial. In the standard language we prefer where + preposition (as a word). Example: Mit was kann ich helfen? With what can I help? Better: Womit kann ich helfen? What can I help with? If the preposition begins with a vowel, we insert r between wo and preposition. Example: An was denkst du? better: Woran denkst du? Indirect questions Indirect questions are used in subordinate clauses. Example: Ich weiß nicht, was das ist. I do not know what that is. Exercise:

Ask questions that can be answered with yes / no. Use present tense. (du/haben/Durst) (das Auto/sein/kaputt) (ihr/gehen einkaufen/nachher) (er/sprechen/Deutsch) (du/hören/die Musik) Answer: Hast du Durst? Ist das Auto kaputt? Geht ihr nachher einkaufen? Spricht er Deutsch? Hörst du die Musik?

Conjunctions Conjunctions, subjunctions and conjunctive adverbs connect sentences with each other. In German we have to pay attention to the word position, which differs depending on the connecting element. Here you learn and practice the formation of conjunction sentences. With the aid of our clear list of conjunctions, subjunctions and conjunctive adverbs, you always know immediately how the sentence structure is in the corresponding subset. Example: Maria ist glücklich, denn sie geht nach Hause. Maria is happy, because she is going home. Er macht Urlaub an in Croatien, weil er das Meer mag. He is on vacation in Croatia, because he loves the sea. Er will die Stadt sehen, deshalb ist er jetzt auf dem Berg. He wants to see the city, this is why he is now on the mountain. For example, the conjunctions include: aber, denn, oder, und (but, because, or, and). In the subset introduced by the conjunction, the sentence structure is the same as in a normal main clause (conjunction + subject + finite verb + ...). Example: Maria ist glücklich, denn sie geht nach Hause. Maria is happy, because she is going home. Subjunctions (subjunctions) include, for example: bevor, da, dass, falls, weil, wenn (before, there, that, if, because, if). In the subset, which is introduced with a subjunction, the finite verb stands at the end of the sentence (subjunction + subject + ... + finite verb). Example: Er macht Urlaub in Croatien, weil er das Meer mag. He is on vacation in Croatia, because he loves the sea. Conjunctional adverbs are for example: dann, schließlich, trotzdem, zuvor (then, finally, anyway, before). In the subset introduced by the conjunctional adverb, the finite verb stands before the subject (conjunctural adverb + finite verb + subject + ...). Example:

Er will die Stadt sehen, deshalb ist er jetzt auf dem Berg. He wants to see the city, this is why he is now on the mountain. Overview Conjunctions Subjunctions Conjunctional adverbs Syntax: conjuction+ subject + finite verb + ... - subjunction + subject + ... + finite verb -conjunctive adverb + finite verb + subject + ... Example: Maria ist glücklich, denn sie geht nach Hause. Er macht Urlaub an in Croatien, weil er das Meer mag. Er will die Stadt sehen, deshalb ist er jetzt auf dem Berg. Conjunctions und sondern oder doch denn aber Subjunctions wie wenn weil während soweit soviel sooft solange sofern sodass sobald seitdem seit obgleich/obschon/obwohl ob nachdem indem

falls ehe dass damit da bis bevor als wohingegen Conjunctional adverbs zwar zuvor zuerst weder … noch vorher trotzdem später sonst somit seitdem schließlich jedoch inzwischen immerhin genauso folglich ferner entweder einerseits deswegen deshalb dennoch dazu

davor darum darauf dann danach damit dagegen dafür dadurch dabei beziehungsweise außerdem anschließend andererseits also allerdings Exercise: Complete the sentences. Note the sentence structure. Wir können gerne morgen ins Kino gehen. Ich möchte eine Komödie sehen.. → Wir können gerne morgen ins Kino gehen, allerdings Wir machen keine Stadtrundfahrt. Wir bleiben zu Hause. → Wir machen keine Stadtrundfahrt, sondern Er gab mir seine E-Mail Adresse. Ich kann ihn kontaktieren. → Er gab mir seine E-Mail Adresse, sodass Das Paket wird morgen geliefert. Wir beeilen uns. → Das Paket wird morgen geliefert, wenn Wir gehen spazieren. Ihr macht die Hausaufgaben. → Wir gehen spazieren und Answer: …möchte ich eine Komödie sehen. …(wir) bleiben zu Hause. …ich ihn kontaktieren kann.

…wir uns beeilen. ..ihr macht die Hausaufgaben.

Subordinate clauses The subordinate clause can not stand alone; it is subordinate to another subset, from which it is separated by a comma. The finite verb is in German at the end of the subordinate clause. Example: Ich weiß nicht, ob er dich mag. I do not know, if he likes you. In the case of preceding subordinate clauses, the main clause begins with the finite verb (because the subordinate clause occupies the first position). Example: Ob er dich mag, weiß ich nicht. If he likes you, I do not know. Types of subordinate clauses Differentiation of subordinate clauses according to the function in the sentence: adverbial clause attribute clause subject clause object clause Distinguishing subordinate clauses after linking them with other clauses: indirect speech infinitive clause conjuctive clause participle clause relative clause Adverbial clause Depending on what is expressed by the adverbial clause (antithesis, purpose, reason, etc.), we distinguish between adversative clause, final clause, causal sentence, conditional clause, consecutive clause, concessive clause, local clause, modal clause, and temporal clause. Example: Da ich einen Brief schreibe, muss ich die Adresse kennen. Since I'm writing a letter, I have to know the address. (Causal set) Attribute clause

Attribute clauses provide details about a subject or object. We ask for attribute sentences with "Welcher / Welche / ...?" - so they are relative clauses. Example: Das ist die Frau, die ich gesehen habe. (Welche Frau?) That is the woman I saw. (Which woman?) Kaufst du das Hemd, das dir gefällt? (Welches Hemd?) Will you buy the shirt you like? (Which shirt?) Object and subject clause If instead of an object or subject stands an entire sub-clause, we call it an object-sentence or subject-sentence. Example: Ich sehe, was du schreibst. I see what you write. (Wen/Was sehe ich? → Objektsatz) (Who / what do I see? → object set) Wer lernt, wird klug. Who studies becomes smart. (Wer/Was wird klug? → Subjektsatz) (Who / what becomes smart? → subject set) Indirect questions Indirect questions are questions we do not ask directly, but build in a different sentence. Example: Sie will sehen, wie kalt es draußen ist. She wants to see, how cold it is outside. Ich weiß nicht, wo mein Freund ist. I do not know where my friend is. Es würde mich interessieren, ob ich den Test bestehe. I would like to know if I will pass the exam. Infinitive clause We often use infinitive sentences with specific words and phrases. On the other hand, we use infinitive theorems whenever we specify a sequence (for what?). Example: Ich bin froh, dich kennenzulernen. I am glad to meet you. Sie hat traniert, um zu gewinnen. She trained to win. Conjunctional clause

Conjunction sentences are introduced with a subjunction.We have listed examples in the subset of sentences with conjunctions. Example: Sie spricht gut Deutsch, weil sie drei Jahre in Deutschland war. She speaks German well because she was in Germany for three years. Participle clause Participial sentences are subordinate clauses with past participle I or participle II. They always refer to the subject in the main clause. Example: Nervös um sich schauend, stand die Frau im Park. Nervously looking around, the woman stood in the park. In den Bergen aufgewachsen, liebt er den Wald. Raised in the mountains, he loves the woods. Relative Clauses With a relative clause, we can give additional information without starting a new sentence. Example: Das ist das Buch, das ich lesen will. This is the book I want to read. Conditional sentences Conditional sentences specify a condition under which an action takes place in the present / future or in the past. Example: Wenn ich hart arbeite, verdiene ich mehr Geld. When I work hard, I earn more money. Wenn ich gelernt hätte, hätte ich die Prüfung bestanden. If I learned, I would have passed the exam. Indirect speech If we do not reproduce what someone said in the same words, we use indirect speech. Example: „Mir geht es nicht gut.“ → Er sagt, es gehe ihm nicht gut. "I'm not feeling food." → He says he doesn’t feel good. Exercise: Guess the type of subordinate clause:

Die Kinder machen immer die Hausaufgaben, bevor sie ins Bett gehen. Was hat er gesagt? – Ich sage dir nicht, was er gesagt hat. Wenn ich Zeit hätte, würde ich dir helfen. Hilf bitte dem Jungen, der dort sitzt! Ich wollte, dass er bleibt. Die Haare gewaschen, griff Anna zu Föhn. Das sind die Freunde, mit denen ich viel Zeit verbringe. Der Fahrer parkt den Bus, nachdem jeder Gast ein Zimmer hat. Er sagte, dass er eine Fernsehmoderatorin gesehen habe. Answer: Adverbial clause Indirect question Conditional clause Attribute clause Object clause Participle clause Relative clause Conjunctional clause Indirect speech

Chapter 8 – Numbers, time, date and weather How do you answer the question “How old are you?” We will show you in this chapter how to write and say the numbers in German. We start with the numbers 1 to 20 and then continue further. Numbers from 1-20 1 eins 2 zwei 3 drei 4 vier 5 fünf 6 sechs 7 sieben 8 acht 9 neun 10 zehn 11 elf 12 zwölf 13 dreizehn 14 vierzehn 15 fünfzehn 16 sechzehn 17siebzehn 18 achtzehn 19 neunzehn 20 zwanzig 20-100 21 einundzwanzig 22 zweiundzwanzig 23 dreiundzwanzig 24 vierundzwanzig 25 fünfundzwanzig 26 sechsundzwanzig

27 siebenundzwanzig 28 achtundzwanzig 29 neunundzwanzig 30 dreißig 31 einunddreißig 40 vierzig 42 zweiundvierzig 50 fünfzig 53 dreiundfünfzig 60 sechzig 64 vierundsechzig 70 siebzig 75 fünfundsiebzig 80 achtzig 86 sechsundachtzig 90 neunzig 97 siebenundneunzig 100 einhundert From 100 101 einhundertundeins 179 einhundertneunundsiebzig 200 zweihundert 300 dreihundert 900 neunhundert 1000 eintausend 1.765 eintausendsiebenhundertfünfundsechzig 2.000 zweitausend 10.000 zehntausend 100.000 hunderttausend 1.000.000 eine Million 2.000.000 zwei Millionen Exercise: Write the following words as numbers.

drei → zwanzig → achtzehn → elf → neunundvierzig → Write the following numbers as words: 5→ 14 → 60 → 11 → 91 → Answer: 3 20 18 11 49 Fünf Vierzehn Sechzig Elf einundneunzig

Time What time is it? When are we meeting? - You can answer these questions very soon, after you have worked through this chapter! In the following section you will first learn a few expressions on the topic of time. Then we will show you how to say the exact time in German. Sekunde - second Minute (60 Sekunden) - minute Stunde (60 Minuten) - hour nachts - at night mittags - noon nachmittags - afternoon abends - in the evening morgens - in the morning The time in German Digital clock 08:00 Es ist acht Uhr. 08.03 Es ist 3 Minuten nach acht. 08.05 Es ist 5 Minuten nach acht. 08:10 Es ist 10 Minuten nach acht. 08:15 Es ist viertel nach acht. 08:20 Es ist 20 nach acht. 08:25 Es ist 5 vor halb 9. 08:30 Es ist halb 9. 08.35 Es ist 5 nach halb 9. 08.40 Es ist 20 vor 9. 08.45 Es ist viertel vor 9. 08:50 Es ist 10 vor 9. 09:00 Es ist 9 Uhr. 24-hour system In Germany, unlike in many other countries, AM and PM are not distinguished between morning and evening. Instead, we simply keep counting until 11pm (11pm) and then start again at 0am (midnight). However, if it's clear whether it's morning or evening, we often use the 12hour system and say half past 9 when the clock shows 9:30 pm. In the

following example sentences, we will show you how the 24 hour system works. Make sure that you only use digital time information here. You just say the two numbers in a row. 20:30 - Es ist zwanzig Uhr dreißig. 21:45 - Es ist einundzwanzig Uhr fünfundvierzig. 0:00 - Es ist Mitternacht. 12:15 - Es ist zwölf Uhr fünfzehn. 13:20 - Es ist dreizehn Uhr zwanzig. 14.50 - Es ist vierzehn Uhr fünfzig. Exercise: Fill in the formal time, write the numbers as a word. Der Film beginnt (20:00) _________ Wir treffen uns (19:30) _____vorm Kino. Der Zug fährt (17:25) ______. Die Kinder müssen (8:50) _______in der Schule sein. Answer: Um Zwanzig Uhr Um neunzehn Uhr dreißig Um siebzehn Uhr fünfundzwanzig Um acht Uhr fünfzig

Months and date The year starts in Germany on the 1st of January and ends on the 31st of December. In this chapter we show you how to name the months in German, how the German seasons are called and when in Germany which festivals are celebrated. Januar Februar März April Mai Juni Juli August September Oktober November Dezember Seasons Winter - winter Frühling - spring Sommer - summer Herbst – autumn/fall

Weekdays The german week, as everywhere, consists of 7 days. 5 working days: Montag, Dienstag, Mittwoch, Donnerstag, Freitag, and a weekend: Samstag and Sonntag. The days of the week are nouns. Unless you use it as an adverb, for example: “Ich habe immer montags Klavierunterricht” (I always have piano lessons on Mondays), then montags, dienstags .... are written small. Days of the week Montag (Monday), Dienstag (Tuesday), Mittwoch (Wednesday), Donnerstag (Thursday), Freitag (Friday), Samstag (Saturday), Sonntag (Sunday). The weekend in German The weekend consists of Samstag (Saturday), Sonntag (Sunday). On Saturdays, the shops in the city have at least open until noon. If you're in a big city, many stores are open until 6 or 8pm on Saturdays. It's different on Sunday. Sunday is seen by many in Germany as a strict 'rest day': The shops are closed and you can buy the most important things only at the gas station or some kiosks.

The weather In this chapter, we will show you how to describe different weather conditions in German. Afterwards you can also watch the weather report on TV in German and know if you have to pack an umbrella. Have fun with your studying! Sonne + Wolken = es ist bewölkt (sun + clouds = it is cloudy) Sonne = es ist sonnig (sun = it is sunny) Regen = es regnet ( rain = it is raining) Schnee= es schneit (snow = it is snowing) Blitz + Donner = Gewitter - es gewittert (storm + thunder = thunderstorm it thunders) Sturm = es stürmt (storm = it storms) Regenbogen (Rainbow)

Chapter 9 – Colors, Food, Clothes and Body Parts Colors Black-red-gold - These are the colors of the German flag that everyone learns first. Of course, only these three colors are not enough. To describe what the sea looks like or what colors the trees have in the forest, you need far more than the colors black, red and gold. Therefore, we have an overview of the colors in German for you. Blau - blue Gelb - yellow Braun - brown Grün - green Grau - gray Lila - purple Orange - orange Rosa - pink Rot - red Türkis - turquoise Weiß - white Schwarz - black Bright and dark colors If we want to emphasize in German that it is a light or a dark color, then we simply put the prefix hell- (light) or dunkel- (dark) before the color. Dunkelblau -dark blue Hellblau - light blue Hair colors in German Brünett - Sie hat brünettes Haar. / Sie ist brünett. (Brunette - She has brunette hair. / She is brunette.) Blond - Sie hat blondes Haar. / Sie ist blond. (Blonde - She has blonde hair. / She is blonde.) Schwarzhaarig - Sie hat schwarze Haare. / Sie ist schwarzhaarig. (Blackhaired - She has black hair. / She is black-haired.) Grau - Sie hat graue Haare. (Gray - She has gray hair.)

Rothaarig - Sie hat rote Haare. / Sie ist rothaarig. (Redhead - She has red hair. / She is red-haired.) Exercise: Answer in German. What color is: A banana? A strawberry? An elephant? The sky? The grass? An orange? Answer: Gelb Rot Grau Blau Grün Orange

Food List food in German If you want to live in Germany or want to travel to Germany, then a bit of knowledge about the food in German should not be missing. Otherwise, it will be difficult for you to order a pizza or explain what you want to have on your kebab. The following list shall make it easy for you to learn food in German. Das Bier - beer Das Brot - bread Das Spiegelei - fried egg Der Apfel - apple Der Burger - burger Der Kaffee - coffee Der Käse - cheese Der Orangensaft - orange juice Der Reis - rice Der Salat - salad Der Tee - tea Der Wein - wine Die Bananen - bananas Die Brötchen - Bread rolls Die Eier - the eggs Die Erdbeeren - strawberries Die Gurke - cucumber Die Kartoffeln - potatoes Die Kirschen - cherries Die Marmelade - jam Die Milch - milk Die Nudeln - pasta Die Paprika - paprika Die Pizza - pizza Die Pommes - French fries Die Tomate - tomato

Die Wurst - sausage Die Zwiebel - onion Breakfast in Germany (das Frühstück) The breakfast is very extensive in Germany especially on weekends and for Germans it is the most important meal of the day. Especially the bread rolls, which do not exist in many other countries. As a topping there is often sausage and cheese, a chocolate cream or jam. Classically, the Germans drink coffee or tea for breakfast and eat a boiled egg, scrambled eggs or fried eggs. Lunch in Germany (das Mittagessen) Lunch in Germany is usually eaten warm. It is eaten between 12 and 14 o'clock. The children often eat at school or kindergarten when they are there for a long time. Otherwise, in Germany the family eats at home together at the table. A typical lunch are certainly sausages with potatoes. Dinner in Germany (das Abendessen) The dinner, often consists of bread and toppings, similar to breakfast. But it depends from family to family. Exercise: Answer the questions. 1.Was essen Deutsche am liebsten zum Mittagessen? a. Fleisch oder Fisch mit Gemüse und Kartoffeln b. Pizza mit Salat c. Sushi 2. Was essen die Deutschen zum Abendessen nicht oft? a. Brot mit Käse b. Müsli mit Obst c. Brot mit Wurst 3. Tomaten, Salat, Gurken und Karotten sind: a. Gemüse b.Früchte c.Fleisch Answer: A

B A

Clothes You will certainly take some clothes with you when you come to Germany. Nevertheless, it may be that you have forgotten something or something does not fit anymore. Another possibility would be that you want to do a shopping trip in Germany. In addition to the international brands, there are also some German brands that sell beautiful things. To make shopping easier for you, you should know how to say different items in German. der Anzug - suit der Badeanzug - swimsuit der BH - bra der Bikini - bikini die Flip-Flops - flip flops die Gummistiefel - rubber boots das Hemd - shirt die Hose - pants die Jacke - jacket das Kleid - dress die Krawatte - tie die Kurze Hose / Shorts - shorts der Mantel - coat der Pullover - sweater die Pumps - pumps der Rock - skirt der Schall - scarf die Sneakers - sneakers die Socken - socks die Stiefel - boots das Top - top das T-Shirt - T-shirt die Unterhose - underpants die Weste - vest How do you dress in Germany?

If you go to a restaurant in Germany or go to a church, you should make sure that you are not wearing a bathing suit. The dress code is similar to other countries. The dress code at your job depends on what kind of job you do. For a job interview, you should always be dressed properly, better too chic than too loose. If you are not sure, just wear a blouse or a shirt. Of course, it also depends on which job you apply for. Exercise Answer the questions in German. What do you wear around your neck? What do you wear on top of your shirt or pullover when it’s cold? What do girls wear on special occasions, like a wedding? What do you wear on your feet, before you put on shoes? Answer: Schal Jacke Kleid Socken

Body parts If you have to go to the doctor in Germany, then you should know all body parts in German, so you can tell the doctor what hurts. Here are the most important ones to make learning easier. Der Kopf - head Der Nacken - neck Der Mund - mouth Die Nase - nose Das Auge - eye Das Ohr - ear Die Brust - breast Die Schulter - shoulder Der Magen - belly Der Arm - arm Die Hand - hand Der Finger - finger Das Bein - leg Der Fuß - foot Das Knie - knee To the head belong the hair and the face. The face consists of: Nase Ohren Augen Mund The neck connects head and body. Under the neck the shoulders follow. Below the shoulders we have: (die) Oberarme - upper arms (die) Unterarme - forearms (der) Finger (Daumen, Zeigefinder, Mittelfinger, Ringfinger, kleiner Finger) - finger (thumb, index finger, middle finger, ring finger, little finger). The breast is the part under the neck. Below is the stomach.

We divide legs into: (der) Oberschenkel - thigh (das) Knie - knee (die) Wade - calf (das) Schienbein - tibia Below are the feet. Exercise Complete the sentences: Ein Mensch hat zehn _____ Ein Mensch hat zwei _____ (auf dem Gesicht). Ein Mensch hört durch die _____. Ein Mensch schreibt mit der ______. Ein Mensch läuft mithilfe seiner _____. Ein Mensch riecht durch die ______. Ein Mensch spricht mit seinem ______. Answer: Finger Augen Ohren Hand Beine Nase Mund

Chapter 10 – Introducing yourself and writing a letter/an e-mail Whether you come to Germany to study, work or just visit, you will definitely have to introduce yourself at some point. We have a few tips for you. The courtesy form in German is "Sie". So if you speak to someone you do not already know and want to build a polite relationship with, then you have to address him with "Sie." Here are the formal greetings that you can use to meet a new person or your boss. At the beginning, the Germans are a bit stuffy. They greet people they do not know just with shaking hands, not with hugs or kisses. Morning – Guten Morgen! Morning until evening – Guten Tag! Evening – Guten Abend! Any time – Ich grüße Sie! (Greetings to you!) —— Here are the looser greetings that you can use to greet your friends: Morning – Morgen! All day – Hallo! In the south of Germany – Grüß Gott (Greetings!) In the north of Germany – Moin moin! German sayings Wie geht es dir? With this question, you can ask someone how he/she is doing. Mir geht es gut, danke! That’s a possible way to answer on this question. Wie heißt du? You ask this if you want to know someones name. Guten Tag, mein Name ist Maria Müller. This is how you introduce yourself politely to someone who does not know your name. Hallo, ich bin Maria. That's how you introduce yourself to a fellow student or a new possible friend. Wie alt bist du? With this question you ask someone how old he or she is. Wo kommst du her? Wo kommen Sie her? With this question you ask someone where he or she is from.

Freut mich, dich/Sie kennenzulernen. With this phrase, you can say that you are pleased to meet someone. Freut mich, Ihre Bekanntschaft zu machen. „Glad to make your acquaintance”. This sentence is a rarely used form of "Pleased to meet you". Saying goodbye in German Politely versus friendly: Auf Wiedersehen! - Tschüss! (Goodbye! – Bye!) Schönen Tag noch! - Mach's gut! (Have a nice day! Take care!) Bis zum nächsten Mal! - Ciao! (Until next time! Bye!) Write a letter in German How to start and end a letter or an email in German. Polite greetings: Sehr geehrte(r) Frau/Herr Müller, … Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren,...(when you don’t know the name of the receiver) Guten Tag Frau Müller,... Polite goodbye: Mit freundlichen Grüßen Anna Müller, Beste Grüße Anna Müller Friendly greetings: Hallo Frau/Herr Müller,...; Hallo Mario,... Guten Morgen/Guten Abend; Friendly goodbye: Liebe Grüße Anna Müller It is important when saying goodbye in a letter or an email that in German you do not write a comma behind the greetings, but simply make a line break and write the name in the next line. Exercise: Imagine you had a teacher named “Maria Schmidt”. Write a formal e-mail, asking if she received your paper, that you have sent yesterday to her. Answer (possible): Sehr geehrte Frau Schmidt,

ich möchte Sie fragen, ob Sie gestern meine E-mail mit der Hausaufgabe bekommen haben? Ich freue mich auf Ihre Rückmeldung. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Anna Müller

Chapter 11 – Talking about different topics and getting along in Germany Personal Information Persönliche Informationen geben – Provide personal information Name – name Ich heiße Mario. – My name is Mario Ich bin Mario – I am Mario Mein Name ist Mario Schmidt. – My name is Mario Schmidt Mein Vorname ist Mario. –My first name is Mario. Mein Nachname / Mein Familienname ist Schmidt. – My last name / My family name is Schmidt. Adresse, Telefon – address, telephone Meine Adresse ist – My address is… Meine Telefonnummer / Handynummer ist… – My telephone number / My phone number is… Herkunft – ancestry Ich komme aus Berlin / aus Deutschland. – I come from Berlin / from Germany. Wohnort – residence Ich lebe / wohne in Berlin / in Deutschland. – I live in Berlin / Germany. Age Ich bin 24 Jahre alt. – I am 24 years old. Ich bin am 2. Mai 1993 in München geboren. – I was born on 2.May 1993 in Munich. Mein Geburtstag ist am 2. Mai. – My birthday is 2.May. Familienstand, Familie, Kinder – Marital status, family, children Ich bin Single / ledig / verpartnert / verheiratet / geschieden / verwitwet. – I am single / partnered / married / divorced / widowed Ich habe drei Geschwister: einen Bruder und zwei Schwestern. – I have three siblings: a brother and two sisters.

Ich habe keine Geschwister. Ich bin Einzelkind. – I do not have any siblings. I am the only child. Ich habe keine Kinder. – I do not have Kids. Ich habe ein Kind / zwei Kinder. – I have one child / two kids. Ich habe einen Sohn / eine Tochter. – I have a son / a daughter. Schule, Studium, Ausbildung – school, college, education Ich bin Schüler/Schülerin. – I am a pupil. Ich gehe zur Schule. – I go to school. Ich gehe in den Kindergarten. – I go to the kindergarden. Ich bin Student/Studentin. – I am a student. Ich studiere Medizin. – I study medicine. Ich mache eine Ausbildung. – I am an apprenticeship. Arbeit und Beruf – work and job Ich habe keine Arbeit. – I do not have any job. Ich bin arbeitslos. – I am unemployed. Ich arbeite seit einem Jahr in einem Krankenhaus. – I have been working in a hospital for one year. Ich bin Arzt von Beruf. – I am a doctor by profession. Sprachen – Languages Ich spreche Deutsch und Englisch. I speak german and english. Ich lerne Deutsch und Englisch. – I am learning German and English. Hobbys – Hobbies Ich habe keine Hobbys. / Ich habe viele Hobbys. – I do not have any hobbies. / I have a lot of hobbies. Mein Hobby ist Fußball spielen. – My hobby is playing football. Meine Hobbys sind tanzen und Musik hören. – My hobbies are dancing and listening to music. Ich höre gern Musik. Musik ist mein Hobby. – I like to listen to music. Music is my hobby. Ich habe (nicht) viel Freizeit. – I do (not) have much free time. Ich habe keine Zeit für Hobbys. – I do not have time for hobbies. In meiner Freizeit lese ich Bücher. – I read books in my spare time. Exercise: Tell us about yourself. Write your personal information.

Name, age, ancestry, residence, work, education, hobbies Answer (example): Mein Name ist Maria. Ich bin 22 Jahre alt. Ich komme aus Berlin. Zurzeit wohne ich in …. Ich arbeite als…. Ich spiele gerne Klavir…

Getting along in the city Ask for information about the place of residence Wo lebst du? – Where do you live? Wo wohnt ihr? – Where do you live? (plural) Wo leben Sie? – Where do you live? (courtesy form) Wohnen Sie in einem Dorf oder in einer Stadt? – Do you live in a city or in a village? Wo befindet sich die Stadt? – Where is the city? Wie viele Einwohner hat die Stadt? – How many people do live there? Seit wann wohnst du in München? – Since when do you live in Munich? Seit wann wohnt ihr hier? – Since when do you live here? Gefällt dir die Stadt? – Do you like the city? Wo willst du gerne leben? – Where would you like to live? Was gibt es in der Stadt? – What can be seen in the city? Gibt es in … einen Kindergarten/eine Schule/eine Universität? – Is there a kindergarden, school, university? Gibt es eine schöne Altstadt? – Is there an old town? Gibt es in… eine Straßenbahn? – Is there a tram? Was kann man in… machen? – What can I do here? Was machst du am Wochenende in…? – What do you do on weekends? Was machst du gern in…? – What do you like to do in….? Kann man in… gut ausgehen/essen gehen? – Can you go out/eat good in____? Kann man in… gut einkaufen gehen? – Can you do a good shopping in____? Asking for the way? Entschuldigung – Sorry Kann ich Sie etwas fragen? – Can I ask you something? Können Sie mir helfen? – Can you help me out? Wie komme ich zum Stadtzentrum? – How do I get to the city centre? Wo ist ..... (Krankenhaus, Bahnhof...?) – Where is the…. (Hospital/train station?)

Können Sie das bitte noch einmal erklären? – Can you explain it to me one more time? Dankeschön. – Thank you. Vielen Dank. – Thank you very much. Danke. – Thanks. Explaining the way: Gehen Sie … – Go… Fahren Sie… – Drive… … (ungefähr 30 Meter) geradeaus. – (maybe 30 m) straight ahead. … (in) Richtung Bahnhof. – … (in) direction station. … die erste/zweite/dritte/vierte Straße rechts/links. – ... the first / second / third / fourth street right/left. … (geradeaus) bis zum Rathaus. – ... (straight ahead) to the to the town hall. Bitte. / Gern geschehen. / Nichts zu danken. - Please./ You are welcome./ Nothing to thank for. Oh, das tut mir leid. Das weiß ich (auch) nicht. – Oh, I am sorry. I do not know that. Tut mir leid, ich bin nicht von hier. – Sorry, I am not from here.

Your apartment Ich habe die Anzeige für die Wohnung im Internet gefunden. I found the apartment ad on the internet. Ich suche eine Wohnung. I'm looking for an apartment. Ich suche ein Zimmer. I am looking for a room. Ist das Zimmer noch frei? Is the room still available? Ist die Wohnung schon vermietet? Is the apartment already rented? Wann kann ich die Wohnung/das Zimmer sehen? When can I see the apartment / room? Wo ist die Wohnung? Wie ist die Adresse? Where is the apartment? What is the address? Wie groß ist die Wohnung/das Zimmer/das Haus? How big is the apartment / the room / the house? Wie hoch ist die Miete/die Kaution? What is the rent / deposit? Wie viele Zimmer hat die Wohnung/das Haus? How many rooms does the apartment / house have? Wie hoch sind die Nebenkosten? What are the additional costs? Ab wann ist das Zimmer/die Wohnung frei? When is the room / apartment available? Bekomme ich/Bekommen wir das Zimmer/die Wohnung? Do I get / do we get the room / apartment? Wann kann ich den Mietvertrag unterschreiben? When can I sign the lease?

School/Education Schule – school Ich bin Schüler/Schülerin. – I am a pupil Ich gehe (noch) zur/in die Schule. – I still go to school Ich bin in der achten Klasse. – I am in the 8th grade. Mein Sohn/Meine Tochter geht in den Kindergarten. – My son/ daughter go to the kindergarden. Ich gehe aufs/ins Gymnasium. – I am in high school. Montags habe ich bis 13 Uhr Unterricht. Ich habe sieben Stunden Unterricht. – I am in class until 13pm on Mondays. I have 7 periods. Ich finde Mathematik sehr interessant/ langweilig. – I find math really interesting/boring. Ich bin (nicht) gut in Mathe. – I am not good in math. Wir haben viele Prüfungen und Tests. – We have exams and tests. Ich muss für die/eine/meine Englischprüfung lernen. – I have to study for my exam in English. Morgen schreiben wir eine Mathearbeit. – We have a math assignment tomorrow. Mein Lieblingsfach ist/war Kunst. – My favorite subject is/was art. Ich gehe (nicht) gern in die/zur Schule. – I do not like to go to school. Ich bin/war ein guter Schüler. – I am/ I was a good student. Nächste Woche beginnen die Schulferien. – Next week we have holidays. Education Ich will Metzger/Schreiner/Polizist werden. I want to become a butcher / carpenter / policeman. Nach der Schule mache ich eine Ausbildung zum Bankkaufmann/zur Bankkauffrau. After school, I want to educate myself as a banker. Ich mache eine Berufsausbildung bei der Bank. I am doing a vocational training at the bank. Ich besuche die Berufsschule. I attend the vocational school. Ich bin Auszubildender/Auszubildende (Azubi). I am a trainee (apprentice). At the moment I'm doing an internship. Im Moment mache ich ein Praktikum. At the moment I'm doing an internship. Nächsten Herbst mache ich ein Praktikum. I'm doing an internship next fall.

College Ich studiere Germanistik/Anglistik/Medizin/ Kunst/Jura/Architektur/Biologie an der Universität in Bonn/an der Uni Bonn. I study German studies / English / Medicine / Art / Law / Architecture / Biology at the University of Bonn / Bonn University. Ich bin Geografiestudent. Ich bin Sportstudentin. I am a geography student. I am a sports student. Ich will Architekt werden. I want to become an architect. Ich mache einen/meinen Master in Sprachwissenschaften/BWL/VWL. I am doing my master's degree in Linguistics / Business Administration / Economics. Ich studiere, aber ich muss auch arbeiten. I study, but I have to work too. Ich wohne in einer Studenten-WG. I live in a student flat. Ask for information Gehst du (noch) zur Schule? Geht ihr (noch) in die Schule? Do you still go to school? Are you (still) going to school? In welchem Schuljahr bist du/seid ihr? In which school year are you / are you? In welche Klasse gehst du/geht ihr? In which class do you go / go? Auf/In welche Schule gehst du/geht ihr? On / In which school do you go / go? Wie kommst du/kommt ihr zur Schule? How are you coming / coming to school? Hast du/Habt ihr die Prüfung bestanden? Did you / Did you pass the exam? Hast du/Habt ihr ein Lieblingsfach? Do you have / have a favorite subject? Was ist dein/euer Lieblingsfach? Was sind deine/eure Lieblingsfächer? What is your favorite subject? What are your favorite subjects? Bist du gut in Mathe? Are you good in math? Wo machst du deine Ausbildung? Where do you do your training? Wo hast du deine Ausbildung gemacht? Where did you do your training? Wie lange dauert die/deine/eure Lehre/Ausbildung? How long does your teaching / training last? Musst du/Müsst ihr auch ein Praktikum machen? Do you / do you also have to do an internship? Wo machst du das Praktikum? Where do you do the internship?

Wie lange dauert das Praktikum? How long does the internship take? Wo hast du/habt ihr das/dein/euer Praktikum gemacht? Where did you / did you do your internship? Arbeitest oder studierst du? Arbeitet oder studiert ihr? Arbeiten oder studieren Sie? Are you working or studying? Was studierst du? Was studiert ihr? Was studieren Sie? What do you study? Wie lange studierst du schon Germanistik? How long have you been studying German language and literature?

Profession and work Profession - Beruf Ich mache eine Ausbildung. Ich werde Krankenpfleger. I'm doing an apprenticeship. I will be a nurse. Ich will Feuerwehrmann werden. I want to become a firefighter. Ich habe eine Ausbildung zum Erzieher/zur Erzieherin gemacht. I got trained as an educator. Ich bin berufstätig. I am working. Ich habe Medizin studiert und bin Arzt geworden. I studied medicine and became a doctor. Ich bin Bauingenieur von Beruf. I am a civil engineer by profession. Mein Beruf ist Polizist. My job is a police officer. Ich mag meinen Beruf. Mein Beruf gefällt mir. I like my job. Work Ich arbeite seit vier Jahren als Grafiker bei der Firma XZ-Media. I have been working for four years as a graphic designer at XZ-Media. Ich arbeite schon sieben Jahre als Kfz-Mechaniker in einer Autowerkstatt. I've been working as a car mechanic for seven years already in a car repair shop. Ich arbeite acht Stunden pro Tag/40 Stunden pro Woche. I work eight hours a day / 40 hours a week. Zweimal pro Woche gehe ich nach der Arbeit ins Fitnessstudio/Fitnesscenter. I go to the gym / fitness center twice a week after work. Meine Arbeit/Mein Job gefällt mir (nicht). I (don’t ) like my work / my job. Meine Arbeit/Mein Job ist sehr stressig und ich habe (leider) nicht viel Freizeit. My work / job is very stressful and I do not have much free time (unfortunately). Ich habe eine interessante Arbeit. I have an interesting job. Ich verdiene wenig/zu wenig/schlecht/genug/gut/viel. I earn little / too little / bad / enough / good / much. Ich verdiene ungefähr 1.300 Euro netto. I earn about 1,300 euros net. Ich bin schon sieben Monate arbeitslos. I have been unemployed for seven months already.

Ich habe keine Arbeit/keinen Job. I have no work / no job. Ich suche seit einem halben Jahr (eine) Arbeit/einen Job. I am looking for (a) work / a job for half a year. Seit einem Monat suche ich eine Arbeitsstelle. For a month I am looking for a job. Ich lerne Deutsch, weil ich es für meine Arbeit brauche. I learn German because I need it for my work. Ich möchte in Deutschland/in Österreich/in der Schweiz arbeiten, deshalb lerne ich Deutsch. I would like to work in Germany / Austria / Switzerland, that's why I learn German. Ich bin krank/krankgeschrieben. Deshalb kann ich nicht auf die Arbeit gehen/arbeiten gehen. I am sick. That's why I can not go to work. Nächste Woche kann ich wieder arbeiten gehen. I can go back to work next week. Ask for information Was bist du von Beruf? Was seid ihr von Beruf? Was sind Sie von Beruf? What is your profession? What is your job? What's your occupation? Was willst du/wollt ihr/wollen Sie werden? What do you want to become? Arbeitest du? Arbeitet ihr? Arbeiten Sie? Do you work? Wo arbeitest du/arbeitet ihr/arbeiten Sie? Are you working or studying? Are you working or studying? Are you working or studying? Are you still working or are you still going to school? Are you working or doing an apprenticeship? Where do you work? Wie sind deine/eure/Ihre Arbeitszeiten? What are your working hours? Wie viele Stunden arbeitest du/arbeiten Sie pro Tag/Woche? How many hours do you work per day / week? Wie findest du deine Arbeit/deinen Job? What do you think of your work / your job? How do you like your work / your job? Verdienst du/Verdient ihr genug? Verdienen Sie gut? Do you earn enough? Do you earn well? Wie viel (Geld) verdienst du? How much money do you make? Seit wann bist du/seid ihr/sind Sie (schon) arbeitslos? Since when are you / are you / are you (already) unemployed? Warum suchst du/sucht ihr/suchen Sie eine neue Arbeit? Why are you looking for a new job?

Welche Kleidung trägst du/tragt ihr/tragen Sie auf der Arbeit? What clothes do you wear at work?

The daily routine A normal day in life (short story) Wie bei jedem fängt auch mein Tag mit dem Aufstehen an. Ich wache um sieben Uhr auf, denn der Wecker klingelt. Ich bleibe noch ein bisschen im Bett und gehe durch mein Handy. Normalerweise stehe ich erst um halb acht auf. Ich muss ich immer sehr früh aufstehen, denn ich habe viel zu erledigen. Nachdem ich aufgestanden bin, gehe ich auf die Toilette und ich dusche auch gleich. Danach gehe ich in die Küche und bereite das Frühstück vor. Ich mache mir einen Kaffee. Ich und meine Kinder mögen es, zum Frühstück Brötchen mit Käse zu essen. Wir hören auch gerne Musik, denn das entspannt uns. Nach dem Frühstück muss ich die Zähne putzen. Danach ziehe ich meine Kleider an. Um neun gehe ich aus dem Haus raus. Ich muss die Kinder in die Schule bringen und ich fahre dann zur Arbeit.Um zehn muss ich auf der Arbeit sein. Ich arbeite bis 16 Uhr. Um 13 Uhr habe ich eine kleine Mittagspause und ich trinke wieder einen Kaffee mit meinen Arbeitskollegen. Wenn ich nach Hause komme, wasche ich die Wäsche. Danach bereite ich das Abendessen für mich und meine Familie vor. Um 19 Uhr hole ich meine Kinder von der Schule ab. Wenn wir nach Hause kommen, essen wir zusammen. Danach lese ich meine EMails und ich helfe den Kindern bei der Hausarbeit. Ich versuche auch die Wohnung ein bisschen aufzuräumen. Danach putze ich mir die Zähne, zieh und um halb elf gehe ich schlafen. Ich lese noch ein bisschen vor dem Schlafen. Am Wochenende gehe ich nicht zur Arbeit. Ich habe frei und kann endlich einmal ausschlafen. Das freut mich und ich nutze dann das Wochenende für meine Kinder aus. Just like everyone else, my day begins with getting up. I wake up at seven, because the alarm rings. I stay in bed a bit and go through my cell phone. Normally, I do not get up until half past eight. I always have to get up very early because I have a lot to do. After I get up, I go to the bathroom and I take a shower right away. Then I go to the kitchen and prepare the breakfast. I make myself a coffee. Me and my kids like to eat bread rolls with cheese for breakfast. We also like to hear music, because that relaxes us. After breakfast I have to brush my teeth. Then I put on my clothes. I leave the house at nine. I have to take the children to school and then I drive to work. At ten I have to be at work. I work until 4 pm. At 1 pm I have a small lunch break and I have another coffee with my work colleagues.

When I get home, I wash the laundry. After that, I prepare the dinner for me and my family. At 7 pm I pick up my children from school. When we get home, we eat together. Then I read my e-mails and I help the children with the housework. I also try to clean up the apartment a bit. Then I brush my teeth, take off my clothes and at half past ten I go to sleep. I read a bit before going to sleep. I do not go to work on the weekend. I'm free and can finally sleep late. That makes me happy and I take advantage of the weekend for my children. Exericse: Answer the questions: Um wie viel Uhr muss sie aufwachen? Was frühstückt sie? Was macht sie beim Frühstücken noch? Was macht sie, nachdem sie den Kindern bei den Hausaufgaben geholfen hat? Was macht sie, bevor sie schlafen geht? Answer: Sie muss um halb sieben aufwachen. Sie frühstückt Brötchen mit Käse. Beim Frühstücken hört sie Musik. Nachdem Sie den Kindern bei den Hausaufgaben geholfen hat, räumt sie die Wohnung ein bisschen auf Sie liest noch ein bisschen bevor sie schlafen geht.

Leisure time and hobbies A short story about what I do during leisure time and about my hobbies. Ich habe fast keine Freizeit, weil ich zur Arbeit gehen muss. Von Montag bis Freitag muss ich arbeiten und da gibt es nicht viel Raum für etwas anderes. Ich komme immer sehr spät von der Arbeit zurück. Darum habe ich eigentlich nur am Wochenende Zeit. In meiner Freizeit mag ich es, etwas mit Freunden und Familie zu unternehmen. Samstags gehe ich mit meinem Mann und meiner Familie in den Wald spazieren. Ich versuche auch, viel Sport zu treiben. Ich jogge und spiele gerne Volleyball. Das macht mir Spaß. Abends, wenn ich im Bett liege, surfe ich im Internet oder spiele ein Computerspiel. Ich arbeite auch gern in meinem Garten. In meiner Freizeit mag ich es, draußen zu sein. Außerdem mag ich auch Filme und Serien. Ich schaue mir oft einen Film an und manchmal gehe ich auch ins Theater. Etwas, was ich sehr gerne machen würde, ist in ein Museum zu gehen. Ich liebe auch Musik. Manchmal finde ich auch am Freitag etwas Zeit. Am Freitag gehe ich gerne mit Freunden aus und wir trinken etwas. Am Wochenende habe ich genug Zeit für meine Hobbys. Meine Hobbys sind Schreiben und Musik hören. Ich hätte gerne mehr Zeit für meine Hobbys. Da ich viel arbeite und Kinder habe, finde ich keine Zeit für Hobbys. Das ist für mich sehr schade, denn ich mag es, mich zu entspannen. Ich möchte gerne mehr Freizeit haben und ich werde auch daran arbeiten. I have almost no free time because I have to go to work. I have to work from Monday to Friday and there is not much room for anything else. I always come back from work very late. That's why I only have time at the weekend. In my free time I like to do something with friends and family. On Saturdays I go for a walk in the woods with my husband and family. I also try to do a lot of sports. I like jogging and playing volleyball. I find that fun. In the evening, when I'm lying in bed, I'm surfing the internet or playing a computer game. I also like to work in my garden. In my spare time I like to be outside. I also like movies and TV shows. I often watch a movie and sometimes I go to the theater too. Something I would love to do is go to a museum. I also love music. Sometimes I also find some time on Friday. On friday I like going out with friends and we are having a drink. At the weekend I have enough time for my hobbies. My hobbies are writing and listening to music. I would like more time for my hobbies. Since I work

a lot and have children, I do not have time for hobbies. This is a pity for me, because I like to relax. I would like to have more free time and I will work on it too. Exercise Talk about your spare time and hobbies. Answer the questions. Hast du (viel/genug) Freizeit? Do you have (much / enough) free time? Was machst du in deiner Freizeit? What do you do in your free time? Hast du ein Hobby? Do you have a hobby? Welche Hobbys hast du? What hobbies do you have? Hast du Zeit für Hobbys? Do you have time for hobbies? Welche Hobbys hattest du früher? What hobbies did you have earlier?

Trips and holidays A short story about Marias holidays Maria geht noch immer in die Schule. Nächste Woche beginnen die Schulferien. Im Sommer hat sie sechs Wochen Sommerferien. Die Sommerferien sind vom 7. Juli bis zum 19. August. Sie hat viele Pläne für die Ferien. Sie hat geplant, mit Freunden in den Urlaub zu fahren. Maria reist sehr gerne. In den Sommerferien letztes Jahr ist sie nach Italien gefahren. Sie reist fast immer mit dem Flugzeug, aber sie mag es auch mit dem Auto oder Bus zu fahren. Sie hat noch nie eine Kreuzfahrt mitgemacht. Dieses Jahr möchte sie auch die Fahrt mit einem Kreuzfahrtschiff probieren. Letzten Sommer ist sie mit einem Reisebus gefahren. Die Fahrt war sehr lang und anstrengend. Doch in Italien war es sehr schön. Dieses Jahr möchte sie gerne nach Spanien reisen. Sie besucht gern Städte und möchte auch Lloret de Mar erkunden. Maria und ihre Freunde haben sich für ein schönes Hotel entschieden. Sie waren letztes Jahr auf einem Campingplatz und es war ziemlich cool. Sie haben für dieses Jahr zwei Zimmer für fünf Nächte gebucht. Maria freut sich seit Monaten darauf. Das beste ist, dass man auf einer Reise viele neue Leute kennenlernen kann und die Sprache lernt man auch dabei ein bisschen. In Italien hat sie auch die vielen Gerichte probiert. Sie hat eine Stadtrundfahrt gemacht und dabei hat sie auch viele Sehenswürdigkeiten gesehen. Sie möchte im Ausland auch neue Sprachen üben. Das Einzige, worauf Maria sich nicht freut, ist das Wetter. In Spanien ist es immer heiß und trocken. Doch das macht nichts. Dafür ist das Meer da. Sie hat auch schon für das nächste Jahr Pläne gemacht. Nächsten Sommer möchte Maria nach Thailand reisen. Dies war schon immer ihre Traumdestination. Maria is still going to school. Next week the school holidays begin. In summer she has six weeks summer vacation. The summer holidays are from the 7th of July to the 19th of August. She has many plans for the holidays. She has planned to go on vacation with friends. Maria likes to travel. In the summer holidays last year she went to Italy. She almost always travels by plane, but she also likes driving by car or bus. She has never been on a cruise. This year she also wants to try the cruise on a cruise ship. She drove a coach last summer. The ride was very long and exhausting. But in Italy it was very nice. This year she would like to travel to Spain. She likes to visit cities and also wants to explore Lloret de Mar. Maria and her friends have

chosen a nice hotel. They were at a campsite last year and it was pretty cool. You have booked two rooms for five nights this year. Maria has been looking forward to it for months. The best thing is that you can meet a lot of new people on a journey and you also learn the language a bit. In Italy she also tried the many dishes. She has made a city tour and she has seen many sights. She also wants to practice new languages abroad. The only thing Maria is not happy about is the weather. In Spain it is always hot and dry. But that does not matter. The sea is there for that. She has also made plans for the next year. Maria wants to travel to Thailand next summer. This has always been her dream destination. Some important terms: Orte, Reiseziele und Urlaubsorte – Places, Destinations Wo? Wohin? - where am Bahnhof / im Bahnhof (im Gebäude) - at the station / in the station (in the building) an den Bahnhof / zum Bahnhof / in den Bahnhof (Gebäude) - to the station / to the station / in the station (building) am Flughafen / im Flughafen (im Gebäude) - at the airport / in the airport (in the building) am Meer, ans Meer - by the sea, to the sea am See, an den See - at the lake, to the lake am Strand, an den Strand - on the beach, to the beach auf dem Campingplatz, auf den / zum Campingplatz - at the campsite, on the campsite auf dem Land, aufs Land - in the country, to the countryside auf der Insel, auf die Insel - on the island, to the island im Ausland, ins Ausland - abroad im Gebirge, ins Gebirge - in the mountains, into the mountains in den Bergen, in die Berge - in the mountains im Norden / Süden / Osten / Westen, in den Norden / Süden / Osten / Westen - in the North / South / East / West in the North / South / East / West in der/einer Stadt, in die/eine Stadt - in the city / to a city im Hotel / in einem Hotel, ins Hotel / in ein Hotel - in the hotel / in a hotel in the hotel / in a hotel

in der/einer Ferienwohnung, in die/eine Ferienwohnung - in the / a holiday apartment in the / a holiday apartment At the hotel At the hotel – Im Hotel Guten Tag, mein Name ist… Ich habe ein Zimmer reserviert. – Hello, my name is ... I have reserved a room. Guten Abend, haben Sie noch ein Zimmer frei? - Good evening, do you still have a room available? Ich möchte ein Einzelzimmer für drei Nächte. - I would like a single room for three nights. Wir möchten ein Doppelzimmer für eine Nacht. - We want a double room for one night. Ich möchte das Zimmer mit Frühstück. Um wie viel Uhr gibt es Frühstück? - I’d like the room with breakfast. What time is breakfast? Wo gibt es Frühstück? - Where is the breakfast? Wir möchten das Zimmer mit Frühstück und Mittagessen/Abendessen. - We would like the room with breakfast and lunch / dinner. Kann ich mit Kreditkarte bezahlen/zahlen? - Can I pay / pay by credit card? Exercise: Talk about your dream trip and about the things you like when it comes to the holidays. Answer the questions: Wann hast du Ferien? When do you have vacation? Was machst du in den Ferien? What are you doing during the holidays? Wohin reist du im Sommer? Where do you travel in summer? Wo machst du Urlaub? Where do you go for holiday? Wo bist du in Urlaub gewesen? Where have you been on vacation? Mit wem machst du Urlaub? Who are you vacationing with? Reist du lieber in die Berge oder ans Meer? Do you prefer to travel to the mountains or to the sea? Reist du lieber mit dem Auto oder mit dem Flugzeug? Do you prefer to travel by car or by plane?

Talking about what you like - Express your opinion A short story about a boy with no interests „Hast du ein Talent?“, „Was liebst du am meisten?“ – Dies waren die Fragen, auf die Timo nie eine Antwort hatte. Lesen, Bücher, Filme, Sport, Musik, Kochen, …er hatte einfach keine Interessen. Timo dachte, dass es auch keine wichtige Sache sei, ein Hobby zu haben oder etwas zu mögen. Das einzige, was er ausschließlich tat, war, in die Schule zu gehen und nach der Schule Videospiele zu spielen. Eines Tages änderte sich seine Meinung schlagartig. Er wollte gerade nach der Schule nach Hause gehen, als ein Mädchen ihn ansprach. „Hey, wie geht´s? Ich wollte fragen, ob wir vielleicht zusammen nach Hause gehen wollen? Ich bin gerade erst in das Haus gegenüber gezogen. Ich habe dich gestern auf der Straße gesehen…ähm...Ich bin Sarah übrigens“ , sagte das Mädchen unsicher. Timo sah sie an und war ein wenig erschrocken. Kein Mädchen hatte ihn jemals zuvor angesprochen. Er fand sie auch sehr schön und süß. Deswegen war er ein wenig nervös. „Ja, ähm…klar. Warum nicht“ , er wollte cool bleiben hielt sich darum kurz in seiner Antwort. Sie liefen nebeneinander her und fingen dabei an, ein wenig mehr zu reden. Dann sagte Sarah: „Ich habe gestern den neuen Film im Kino gesehen. Der war einfach klasse. Ich mag Komödien sehr. Doch Bücher sind mir noch lieber als Filme. Denkst du auch so?“ Timo war jetzt noch nervöser. Er hat noch nie im Leben ein Buch gelesen und Filme interessierten ihn auch nicht. Er wollte aber einen guten Eindruck machen. Deswegen entschied er sich, ein wenig zu lügen. „Ja, Bücher sind echt cool. Ich finde sie besser und interessanter als die dummen Filme...“ Sarah sah ihn ein bisschen komisch an. „Was ist denn dein Lieblingsbuch? Ich lese gerade ´Herr Lehmann` von Sven Regener. Er ist mein Lieblingsschriftsteller. Ich mag auch Krimis gerne. Romantische Bücher lese ich nicht so gerne, die finde ich langweilig.“

Timo hatte keine Ahnung, was er sagen sollte. Er hatte diese Namen noch nie in seinem Leben gehört. „Ja, ähm...ich…mein Lieblingsbuch...das ist schon eine schwere Frage… Hey, ich werde es dir morgen sagen, ich habe es eilig. Bis morgen!“ „…alles klar…bis morgen…“ Sarah wusste nicht, was gerade passiert war und war ein wenig verblüfft. In der Zwischenzeit versuchte Timo, nachdem er nach Hause gekommen war, alles Mögliche über Bücher, Filme, Musik, Sport und alles andere zu lernen. Er wollte Sarah beeindrucken und gab sich sehr viel Mühe. Am nächsten Tag gingen die beiden wieder zusammen nach Hause und Sarah fragte ihn erneut nach seinem Lieblingsbuch. „Also, ich habe sehr lange nachgedacht, denn ich habe sooo viele Bücher gelesen, dass ich mich fast nicht mehr erinnern kann, welches mir am besten gefallen hat. Ich finde die Bücher von Heinrich Böll doch sehr gut. Außerdem mag ich auch Filme. Ich sehe auch gern Serien und Filme im Fernsehen und im Internet. Ich mag Komödien und Dokumentarfilme. Ich hasse Horrorfilme. Ich liebe aber auch wie du Krimis.“ Sarah sah ihn komisch an. „Ach ja? Was ist dein Lieblingsfilm?“ Timo war gut vorbereitet „Mein Lieblingsfilm ist ´Kurz und schmerzlos` von Fatih Akin.“ Sarah machte weiter mit den Fragen, als ob Timo bei einem Quiz war. „Erzähle mir von Musik. Was magst Du am liebsten. Welches Stück findest du am besten? Hast Du eine Lieblingsband?“ „Ich höre gern Musik, insbesondere Rockmusik. Aber ich höre auch gern klassische Musik und…ähm…auch Hip-Hop. Blues gefällt mir auch. Mein Lieblingssänger ist Udo Lindenberg. Meine Lieblingssängerin ist Nina Hagen. Meine Lieblingsband ist Silbermond. Mein Lieblingslied ist ´Zauberland` von Rio Reiser. Ach, fast habe ich es vergessen! Ich spiele auch ein Instrument: Gitarre.“ Jetzt machte Sarah große Augen. „Wow Timo, das ist aber beeindruckend. Kannst du mir was vorspielen?“ Timo wechselte schnell zu einem anderen Thema. „Jetzt würde ich gerne über Sport reden. Du sagtest gestern, dass du Volleyball magst. Auch ich treibe gern Sport. Ich spiele Fußball. Badminton

mag ich auch gerne. Und Basketball finde ich auch interessant. Ich schaue gern Sport im Fernsehen, besonders Fußball. Meine Lieblingsfußballmannschaft ist der FC St. Pauli.“ Sarah fing an, Timo ein wenig misstrauisch anzusehen. Auf einmal hatte er so viele Interessen und gestern hatte er noch nicht einmal gewusst, welche Schriftsteller es gibt. Sie fragte ihn weiter. „Alles klar, das hört sich beeindruckend an. Mich interessiert noch etwas: Kannst du kochen? Denn ich liebe es. Kochen macht mir Spaß. Ich esse gern Nudeln und liebe die italienische Küche. Am liebsten esse ich Pizza. Ich mag kein Gemüse. Was ist mit dir?“ Timo hatte nichts über Kochen gelernt und er wusste nicht einmal, wie man ein Ei zubereitete. „Ähm..ja, ähm, Kochen ist das, was ich am liebsten mache. Ich liebe es einfach. Ich koche gerne! Ich esse gerne Pizza und Nudeln. Ich liebe Eis. Erdbeereis schmeckt mir sehr gut. Ich esse auch sehr gern Kuchen. Aber ich habe kein Lieblingsessen oder Lieblingsgetränk. Ich mag alles. Ich esse alles gern. Alles schmeckt mir gut.“ Daraufhin erwiderte Sarah: „Super. Kannst du uns dann jetzt etwas bei mir zu Hause kochen? Lass uns reingehen. Kannst Du eine Pizza für uns machen? Ich würde das jetzt soooo gerne essen. Bitte, Timo!!“ Timo fing an zu schwitzen. Wie zum Teufel soll er jetzt eine Pizza machen? Er hatte sich noch nie dem Herd genähert. „Ja, ähm..das klingt super, aber…ähm….“ Sarah unterbrach ihn: „Hör mal zu Timo. Du musst nicht weiter lügen. Ich weiß, dass du nicht kochen kannst. Ich weiß auch, dass du keine Bücher liest und keine Filme schaust. Ich weiß, dass alles, was du mir heute erzählt hast, nicht wahr ist.“ Timo sah sie nervös an. „Es tut mir leid! Ich wollte dich einfach beeindrucken. Ich dachte, dass du kein Interesse an mir haben wirst, wenn du erfährst, dass ich keine Interessen habe.“ „Warum denkst du das?“, besänftigte ihn Sarah, „Das macht mir nichts aus. Ich finde dich cool und ich liebe es, mit dir zu reden. Außerdem, wer sagt,

dass du keine Interessen hast? Du magst doch Videospiele, oder?“ Timo war überrascht. „Woher weißt du das? Ich liebe Videospiele!“ „Ich weiß es, weil ich auch Videospiele mag und ich habe gesehen, dass du im Unterricht auf deinem Handy Spiele spielst.“ Sarah lächelte: „Also, stopp mit dem Gerede! Möchtest du zu mir kommen? Ich habe das neue Spiel auf meinem PC.“ Timo fing ebenfalls an zu lächeln und war erstaunt: „Ja, auf jeden Fall, lass uns spielen!“ Von diesem Moment an spielten sie jeden Tag zusammen Videospiele. ____ "Do you have a talent?", "What do you love most?" - These were the questions Timo never had an answer to. Reading, books, movies, sports, music, cooking ... he simply had no interests. Timo thought that having a hobby or liking something wasn’t an important thing. The only thing he really did was going to school and playing video games after school. One day his opinion suddenly changed. He was about to go home after school when a girl approached him. "Hey how are you? I wanted to ask if maybe we could go home together? I have just moved into the house across yours. I saw you in the street yesterday ... um .. I'm Sarah by the way "- said the girl uncertainly. Timo looked at her and was a little shocked. No girl ever spoke to him. He also found her very beautiful and cute. That's why he was a little nervous. "Yes, er .... Of course. Why not. "- he wanted to stay cool and kept it short. They walked and started talking a little more. Then Sarah said: "I saw the new movie in the cinema yesterday. It was just great. I really like comedies. But I still prefer books to movies. Do you think so, too? " Timo was even more nervous now. He had never read a book in life and movies had never interested him. But he wanted to make a good impression. That's why he decided to lie a bit. "Yes, books are really cool. I think they are better and more interesting than the stupid movies... " Sarah looked at him a bit funny. "What's your favorite book? I am currently reading ´Herr Lehmann` by Sven Regener. He is my favorite writer. I also like thrillers. I do not like to

read romantic books. They are boring. " Timo had no idea what to say. He had never heard those names before. "Yes, ehm .. I ... my favorite book ... that's a tough question ... Hey, I'll tell you tomorrow, I'm in a hurry. See you tomorrow!" "... all right ... see you tomorrow .." - Sarah did not know what was happening and was a bit surprised. Timo went home and in the meantime tried to learn everything about books, movies, music, sports, and everything else. He wanted to impress Sarah and made a lot of effort. The next day, the two walked together again and Sarah asked him again about his favorite book. "Well, I've been thinking for a long time, because I've read so many books that I almost can not remember which one I liked the most. I think the books by Heinrich Böll are very good. I also like movies. And I also like watching TV shows and movies on the internet. I like comedy and documentary films. Horror movies are not for me. But Ilike thrillers, too. " Sarah looked at him funny. "Oh yes? What is your favorite movie?" Timo was well prepared: "My favorite movie is ´Short and Painless` by Fatih Akin." Sarah kept asking questions as if Timo was in a quiz. "Tell me about music. What do you like the most. Which song do you find best? Do you have a favorite band? " "I like to listen to music, especially to rock music. I also like to listen to classical music… and… ehm... to hip-hop, too. And I like blues. My favorite singer is Udo Lindenberg. My favorite female singer is Nina Hagen. My favorite band is Silvermoon. My favorite song is ´Magic Land` by Rio Reiser. I forgot it almost! I also play an instrument:guitar." Sarah's eyes widened now. "Wow Timo, that's impressive. Can you play something for me? " Timo quickly switched to another topic. " I would like to talk about sports now. You said yesterday that you like volleyball. I like to do sport sports. I play football. I also like badminton. And I find basketball interesting, too. I like watching sports on TV, especially football. My favorite football team is FC St. Pauli. "

Sarah started to look at Timo a little suspiciously. Suddenly he had so many interests and yesterday he did not even know which writers exist. She asked the following. "All right, that sounds impressive. I still would like to know something. Can you cook? Since I love it. Cooking is so much fun to me. I like to eat pasta and I love the Italian cuisine. My favorite food is pizza. I do not like vegetables. What about you?" Timo hadn’t learn anything about cooking and he did not even know how to make an egg. "Ehm..yeah, ehm, cooking is something I like most. I just love it. I like cooking! I like to eat pizza and pasta. I love ice cream. I really like strawberry ice cream. Cake is also good. But I have no favorite food or drink. I like everything. I like to eat everything. Everything tastes good to me. " Sarah then said: "Awesome! So, will you cook something for us at home right now? Let's go inside. Can you make a pizza for us? I would like to eat that really bad. Please Timo!! " Timo started to sweat. He was supposed to make a pizza. But he had never approached a stove before. "Yeah, ehm..that sounds great, but .. ehm ...." Sarah interrupted him: "Listen Timo. You do not have to lie anymore. I know you can not cook. I also know that you do not read books and watch movies. I know that everything you have told me today is not true. " Timo looked at her nervously. " I'm sorry! I just wanted to impress you. I thought you would not be interested when you see that I have no interests. " "Why do you think that? That does not bother me. I think you're cool and I love talking to you. Besides, who says you have no interests? You like video games, right? "- said Sarah. Timo was surprised. "How do you know that? I love video games. " "I know because I like video games too, and I've seen you play games on your phone in the classroom."

Sarah smiled: "Well, stop talking. Would you like to come to my house? I have the new game on my PC. " Now Timo had to smile, too, and was positively surprised: "Yes, definitely, let's play!" Since that moment, they played video games together everyday. Exercise Talk about your likes and interests. Answer following questions: Liest du gern? Do you like to read? Was ist dein Lieblingsbuch? What is your favorite book? Siehst du gern Filme (im Kino/im Fernsehen/im Internet)? Do you like to watch movies (in the cinema/ on the TV/ on the internet)`? Welche Filme magst du? What movies do you like? Wer ist dein Lieblingsschauspieler? Who is your favorite actor? Was für Musik hörst du gern? What music do you like to listen to? Wer ist dein Lieblingssänger? Who is your favorite singer? Machst du gern Sport? Do you like to play sports? Welchen Sport machst du gern? What sport do you like to play? Hast du einen Lieblingssport? Do you have a favorite sport? Kochst du gern? Do you like to cook? Was isst du gern? What do you like to eat?

Chapter 12 - First aid for tourists (vocabulary and phrases) Are you planning a weekend in Germany or do you plan to stay longer to explore many places? Use this first aid to quickly learn the most important expressions and phrases so that nothing can go wrong during your trip. Let’s repeat the greetings and some basics from our previous lessons: Guten Morgen! - Good Morning! Guten Abend / Gute Nacht - Good Night! Auf Wiedersehen! - Goodbye! Bitte - You’re welcome Danke - Thank you Entschuldigung - Excuse me Ja - Yes Nein - No Heute - Today Morgen - Tomorrow Ich spreche kein Deutsch. - I don’t speak German. Sprechen Sie Englisch? - Do you speak English?

Small-Talk und meeting In order for you to quickly get into conversation with other travelers and locals, here are the most important phrases for small-talks and meetings: Wie heißt du? - What’s your name? Ich bin Sarah. Und du? - My name is Sarah. And your name is? Woher kommst du? - Where are you from? Ich bin aus München. - I’m from Munich. Wie geht es dir? - How are you? Danke gut. Und selbst? - I’m fine. How are you? Ich verstehe nicht. - I don’t understand. Wir sehen uns! - See you!

In the restaurant Many menus are bilingual, i.e. in the local language and in English. Say, in most cases you are well prepared with English. But to avoid unpleasant surprises when ordering, here are the most important vocabulary for the restaurant visit: Die Karte bitte! - Could I have the menu please. Die Rechnung bitte! - The bill, please! Bringen Sie mir bitte ….! - Could I have … Guten Appetit! - Enjoy you meal! Wo sind die Toiletten? - Where are the toilets? Frühstück - Breakfast Mittagessen - Lunch Abendessen - Dinner Fleisch - meat Fisch - fish Gemüse - vegetables Salat - salad Bier - beer Wein - wine Wasser - water Milchkaffee - milk coffee

Shopping You still want to buy a few souvenirs quickly? To make shopping quick and problem-free, we have the most important vocabulary for you: Wieviel kostet das? - How much does it cost? Ich möchte… - I’d like to have … Bäckerei - bakery Metzgerei - butcher’s shop Supermarkt - supermarket Markt - market teuer - expensive günstig/billig - cheap geöffnet - open geschlossen - closed

In the hotel Spontaneous stop by or long-planned all-inclusive vacation: When you arrive at the hotel, you will need a few words to get to your room as quickly as possible. Im Hotel - At the hotel Haben Sie ein Zimmer frei? - Do you have a room available? Ich habe reserviert. - I’ve made a reservation Wieviel kostet eine Übernachtung, bitte? - How much does one night cost? Wo kann ich mein Auto abstellen? - Where can I leave my car? Hat das Zimmer … - Does the room have … … eine Dusche? - … a shower? … eine Toilette? - … a toilet? … ein Bad? - … a bathroom? Ich hätte gerne … - I’d like to have … … ein Handtuch. - … a towel. … ein Kissen. - … a pillow. … ein Zimmer. - … one room. … eine Decke. - … a blanket. Ich würde das gerne in Ihrem Safe aufbewahren. - I would like to keep it in your safe. Können Sie ein Restaurant empfehlen? - Can you recommend a restaurant?

Transport Public transport is a great way to get from A to B in the new city. So that you do not get lost, here is the most important vocabulary for you: Richtungen - Direction Wo ist …? - Where is … ? … die Tankstellen? - … the gas station? … die Reparaturwerkstatt? - … the garage? … das Parkhaus? - … the car park? … der Parkplatz? - … the parking spot? … die Bank? - … the bank? … der Supermarkt? - … the supermarket? Links - left Rechts - right Gegenüber - across from Geradeaus - straight Die Ampel - traffic light Der Kreisverkehr - roundabout Die Kreuzung - crossing Wie weit ist es? - How far is it? Bitte zeigen Sie es mir auf der Karte? - Could you show it on the map? Öffentliche Transportmittel - Public Transport Die Fähre - The ferry Der Bus - The bus Die U-Bahn - The Subway Der Zug - The train Das Taxi - The taxi Der Flughafen - The airport Der Bahnhof - The Train Station Die Abfahrt - Departure

Emergencies Emergencies on vacation are not nice, but it can happen. Here are the most important phrases: Hilfe! - Help Feuer - Fire! Bitte gehen Sie! - Please leave! Ich rufe die Polizei! - I’ll call the police! Es ist dringend! - It’s urgent! Ich habe … - I have … … meinen Reisepass verloren. - … lost my passport. … meinen Autoschlüssel verloren. - … my car key. Ich bin ausgeraubt worden. - I’ve been robbed. Ich hatte einen Unfall. - I’ve had an accident. Der Kühler wurde zu heiß. - The radiator became too hot. Die Batterie ist leer. - The battery is empty. Die Kupplung ist defekt. - The coupling is defective. Die Bremsen funktionieren nicht. - The brakes do not work. Ich weiß nicht, woran es liegt. - I don’t know why. Ich brauche … - I need … … Benzin. - … gas. … einen Mechaniker. - … a mechanic. … die Polizei. - … the police. … einen Arzt. - … a doctor. … ein Telefon. - … a mobile phone. … einen Krankenwagen. - … an ambulance. … einen Zahnarzt. - … a dentist. Ich bin … - I am .. … Diabetiker - … diabetic. … Asthmatiker - … asthmatic Hier habe ich Schmerzen. - I’m in pain. Ich glaube, es ist gebrochen. - I think, it’s broken.

Chapter 13 - Tipps for faster learning Learning a new language requires a lot of time and nerves. It becomes particularly frustrating when it takes to long and when it gets complicated. To save you from this, we have put together some learning tips for you. Learn every day 30min instead of all Sunday afternoon! To learn a little bit every day is much more effective because you can be concentrated and you repeat things regularly. Set yourself (realistic) goals. If you do not have a goal, it will be difficult to motivate yourself. If the goals are unrealistic, you will give up quickly and be demotivated. Compare with your native language. Comparison will always help you. Languages can have many similarities and you can use those to your advantage. Know your native language. If you understand how your own language works, it will help you tremendously with any foreign language. Learn the parts of speech. You need to know what the difference between a preposition, an adverb, an adjective, etc. is! You can also learn this in your native language! You have to understand what the lesson is about. Listen to German music to learn German Further contact with the German language can also be found by pure fun: German music for example. Music has the advantage that the melodies can help you to remember lyrics- even if you do not understand them yet. Thereby you will learn new German words, but also elements of German sentence structure and German grammar, German pronunciation and, depending on the topic, even aspects of German society. Watch German films and TV series to learn German Here you have not only the authentic, "real" German pronunciation, but also visual material that can help understanding by context, if you do not come along. There are also subtitles - and a very clever trick is to look at the German version of things that you already know. In Germany almost everything is synchronized. This helps you understand German better and speak German very quickly. Motivation

Whether you manage to learn a new language depends on your motivation! So here are some tips for keeping you motivated: Set realistic goals and intermediate goals and reward yourself when you reach them. Buy something (for example, a new online German course or anything else that makes you happy) when you have achieved a goal. For a mini goal, you can also get rewards: “I can only eat chocolate after I do the exercise”. If I do not practice, there is no chocolate! Stay positive! Become aware of small successes! Write it down when you have had a fluid conversation for the first time. If, for the first time, you have used a difficult verb correctly, or have spoken to a colleague about a topic at work in German. Become aware of these small achievements! You will realize why you are learning and how your life will improve if you speak German better!

Conclusion If you want to live, work, study or just visit Germany, you should be fine with this book. Good German skills will help you at work and in everyday life. We hope that you have enjoyed this book and that you already practiced a little bit. Practice is most important at the end of the day. If you take your time and dedicate yourself, there is nothing that can stand in your way to learn German. Make sure to learn everything in the right order. You can’t start to write or speak if you jump from the alphabet to the sentence structure. You need to know the tenses, nouns, and so on. We are sure that you will be able to learn and improve your skills. German, like any other language, requires a lot of patience and understanding. Start with small steps in order to move faster with time. You will see that it will get easier and better. We wish you good luck on your journey!

Part 2: German Short Stories 11 Simple Stories for Beginners Who Want to Learn German in Less Time While Also Having Fun

Introduction How can you learn to write well? How can you expand your vocabulary? How can you improve your ability to express your thoughts and ideas? How can you improve your German language skills in a pleasant and varied way? One reasonable way exists without a doubt: read as much as possible! For this reason, we warmly recommend that you read novels or texts in German, if you want to learn more words and improve your verbal or written expression. Many people think that you have to have a very high level of language skills to read a book in another language—but that assumption is completely wrong! A small amount of words can be enough to understand a text as a whole. From the very beginning of learning a new language, you can devote yourself to reading stories in German. This book is a very worthwhile and effective way to learn German. Your vocabulary will be refreshed immediately, and you will be able to practice. You will read sentence by sentence in German with a translation below each paragraph or sentence—no need to lookup of unknown words! Through the book you learn how to read and understand everything! This book is recommended for beginners and advanced students who want to continue and expand their knowledge. Learning German with our short stories is so easy and enjoyable that brave beginners without prior knowledge can easily use this method. Our short stories are so interesting and unique, that you will enjoy every bit of it and ask for more! So, make sure to start right away!

Why is it worthwhile reading the foreign language regularly? The most important reason first: reading is better than doing nothing. Instead of wasting time with articles or YouTube videos, you can become active and get closer to your goal: mastering German. Through regular reading you get a feeling for the language, for the sentence structure, see how vocabulary is used in the context, and get to know lots of new words. With daily reading, you can arrange and explore topics that interest you. What should I read in the foreign language? Of course, you can torture yourself with boring easy dialogues for a while, but for inquisitive learners an unlimited number of reading materials may be found. Here is a small collection of ideas: 8 sources for an interesting reading Citations in the chosen foreign language: Ideally translations will be included. Proverbs and phrases: Take advantage of the wisdom of other cultures. Cooking recipes: Recipes have an advantage in that a part of the vocabulary is constantly repeated, and you understand more with each new recipe. Children's books: Children’s books are simple and also handy to teach your own children or grandchildren a little later. Short stories: Short excerpts are great especially at the beginning of the language learning process. For example, this book of German Short Stories, where you have vocabulary, summary and exercises with each story. Articles from daily newspapers: Follow the current events of the day and learn new vocabulary in the foreign language. Articles from magazines: Focus on your hobby, so you learn the same vocabulary which you will need anyway later. Novels: It's best to read books that you've already read in your language. How often should I read something in the German language? You should set limits in two ways. First of all, motivation plays the biggest role here. It does not do much if you read eight hours a day for a week and then throw it all down— endurance is in demand. Make reading a habit.

Second, you must make reading a regular habit and still be willing to add other tasks to your learning time. Regular reading is better than forcing yourself to read two hours at a time once a week. Try to read ten minutes each day before you go to sleep, in the morning, or during a break during the day. While very beneficial, reading alone is not enough to learn a foreign language. You must not neglect the other activities involved in learning a language.

What influences reading and understanding? Reading and understanding texts is influenced by several factors. All of these factors together make up how fast one can read and process a text in another language. Scope of vocabulary: Our brain is an extremely efficient worker: words that it already knows are automatically "recognized" and then immediately assigned to what is already known. So, if you have a large and elaborate vocabulary, you can read relatively quickly. Complexity of the text: Of course, the text itself determines how fast you can read and grasp it. A very simple text (for example, a children's book) can be read and understood faster than a difficult text (a book about quantum mechanics, for example). Motivation of the reader: Another factor that should not be underestimated is the motivation of the reader. Anyone who does not feel like reading a particular text may take a long time and have difficulty understanding it. Maybe you still know this connection from your school days? To read a text that did not interest you, but you had to "read" it for school—that could take hours. A favorite book, on the other hand, may have been read too quickly. Previous knowledge of the reader: We will be able to read and understand a text on a topic in which we are well versed faster than reading about a completely unknown area of expertise. In general, it can be said that the factors that influence reading in the mother tongue also affect reading in a foreign language. Knowing combinations of letters also has an influence on reading and the possible speed, especially at the beginning of learning. The more letters and letter combinations the learner knows, recognizes and can pronounce, the faster he can read in that foreign language. As with a native language, the size of one’s vocabulary influences the reading ability in a foreign language. If you have been learning vocabulary in a foreign language for years, you will understand more texts faster than if you have been practicing and learning for only three weeks.

Not only does vocabulary knowledge in a foreign language have an influence, general reading and reading skills in a native language also contribute to how well one can read in a foreign language. Individuals who are able to read quickly and efficiently in their native language have fewer problems reading a new language. Another factor that influences reading in a foreign language is knowledge of the culture of the country you are studying. Any text in any language in the world is influenced by the cultural context of the country in which it was written.

Tips for faster and better reading in a foreign language Start with simple texts! Even if you are already an adult, start by learning German language with simple texts. Simple texts are exemplified in this book. We have included interesting short stories that are easy to read and understand at any age. When learning vocabulary, recognizing new words should be the first step. Once you are familiar with the new words, you can observe how they are used in conversations. If you learn words in real contexts, you will probably use them in the right situations. Read texts that match your current reading level. Corresponding to your level means that you occasionally stumble upon words that you do not know, but not so often that your reading flow becomes interrupted. Try to guess the meaning of new words before looking them up. If you see a new word, you want to remember it. Read texts that really interest you! If you are interested in quantum mechanics, then of course you should also read books in your chosen foreign language on this topic. However, if you prefer to engage in other topics, then it is best to choose books that you would have liked to read in your native language, especially if you are going to read a more difficult text. Try to keep learning Every text is a source of new vocabulary! With the saying "you never stop learning" in the back of your mind, you should also work on texts in your chosen foreign language. Even if you have been learning for a long time and know a lot of vocabulary, you will probably find new and unknown words again and again. Make the effort to look up these new and unfamiliar words and write down the meaning in your native language, so that you are constantly expanding your vocabulary. Just relax! You do not have to learn a language perfectly. Language is like an old city. It has many lanes and squares, old and new houses—and it is constantly changing.

Hardly any inhabitant knows all the streets of a city in detail. As a visitor to this linguistic city, you do not have to create unnecessary stress and explore every matter to the last detail. An overview is enough. Then put the city map away. Enjoy your linguistic city! Read daily papers and let yourself drift. Gradually, your understanding will increase all by itself. Learning languages should be fun! Separate important from unimportant vocabulary and grammar rules! As in time management, we also have to select what is important when learning languages. That's how we get ahead faster and keep our motivation. Let's take typical language courses, e.g. in German, that start with the basics and then slowly increase in complexity. At some point we learn more and more exceptions, irregularities, and detailed vocabulary, which destroy our fragile overview. Do not worry about that! Look at the "big picture." It's important that you have the 20% of grammar rules, vocabulary and phrases that you need. You can only understand exceptions if you really have the basic rule in mind. And that will come by itself as you practice regularly. What happens if I do not understand everything? It is fine. That's normal! The basic idea is to learn while reading. Point one: Be sure to go slow enough. You can start with a few pages or one short story per day. Then focus on the words and phrases that seem to be the most important or occur frequently. It is important to get used to guessing the basic meaning of what you read. This can be a bit exhausting in the beginning. So again, keep the reading units short at first. As you get better, you can challenge yourself and try reading a page or chapter without tools to see how much you can understand on your own. Then you can read again to check any new vocabulary that you may have encountered. Create your own flashcards. The best way to learn is to create flashcards as you read. Again, focus on important and common keywords. Create a list you can add the words to when you're done reading. Have fun! Try to make everything a fun experience. You should have fun while reading and be curious just like you would read in your native language. Make sure not to pressure yourself and try to have fun!

Chapter 1 – Ein guter Freund – A Good Buddy Marcus war sehr gespannt auf die Ferien. Seine Mutter hatte ihm ständig wiederholt, dass auf ihn eine sehr große Überraschung warten würde. Marcus was very excited about the holidays. His mother had constantly repeated that a very big surprise was waiting for him. Marcus nahm seine Zeichnungen heraus. Die Schule war vorbei und die Sommerferien hatten endlich begonnen. Er war frei wie ein Vogel. Nun konnte er in Ruhe zeichnen, mit Freunden spielen, Fernsehen schauen und vieles mehr. Marcus took out his drawings. The school year was over, and the summer holiday had finally started. He was as free as a bird. Now he could draw in peace, play with friends, watch TV and much more. Plötzlich klingelte es an der Tür. Suddenly, the doorbell rang. Es war sein Cousin Erik. „Halloooo!“, rief Erik, als er zu Marcus ging, sich auf das Bett setzte und dabei seine Stifte herausnahm. „Ich werde die Ferien hier verbringen. “ It was his cousin Erik. "Hellooooo!" Erik screamed as he walked over to Marcus, sitting down on the bed, taking out his pens. "I will spend the holidays here." Marcus hatte nicht geahnt, dass die Überraschung, von der seine Mutter geredet hatte, so schlecht wäre. Wenn dies der beste Teil des Urlaubs sein sollte, würde dies seine schlechteste Urlaubserfahrung jemals werden. Marcus did not know that the surprise his mother talked about was so bad. If this was to be the best part of the holiday, then it was about to become his worst vacation experience ever. Die nächsten Tage waren grausam für Marcus. The next few days were awful for Marcus. Nach dem Frühstück wollte Marcus etwas zeichnen. Zum Glück war Erik nicht da. Marcus breitete alles aus und begann, ein schönes Gemälde zu malen. Als er fertig war, betrat Erik den Raum mit einer Cola-Flasche. Er verschüttete die Cola versehentlich über das ganze Gemälde, was es total ruinierte.

After breakfast Marcus wanted to draw something. Luckily, Erik was not there. Marcus spread out everything and began to paint a beautiful painting. When he was done, Erik entered the room with a Coke bottle. He accidentally spilled the coke over the whole painting, which totally ruined it. Der nächste Tag wurde nicht besser. The next day was not better. Bis zum Abend war alles noch gut. Marcus legte die schmutzige Wäsche in die Waschmaschine. Doch etwas später hörte er seltsame Geräusche aus der Waschmaschine. Als er nachsehen wollte, was los war, stellte er fest, dass Erik seine Schuhe zusammen mit den Kleidern in die Maschine gesteckt hatte. Everything was still fine by the evening. Marcus put the white laundry in the washing machine. A few minutes later, he heard strange noises from the washing machine. When he took the clothes out of it, to see what’s wrong, he saw that Eriks’ dirty shoes and some colored shirts were in the machine. Marcus was frustrated, because his clothes were ruined and he knew that Erik did that. Eines Tages entschied sich Marcus, mit seinen Freunden ins Kino zu gehen und wollte, dass Erik Zuhause blieb. Marcus war sehr froh, dass er endlich ein wenig Frieden bekam. Erik wollte aber nicht Zuhause bleiben, weshalb er sich dazu entschied, wenige Minuten nach Marcus aus dem Haus zu gehen und ihm zu folgen. Er wollte sich auch ins Kino schleichen. One day, Marcus decided to go to the movies with his friends and he wanted Erik to stay home. Marcus was very happy that he would finally get some peace. But Erik did not want to stay at home, so he decided to leave a few minutes after Marcus and follow him. He also wanted to sneak into the cinema. Marcus ging mit seinen Freunden ins Kino und sie schauten sich einen Film an. Er wusste nicht, dass Erik nur ein paar Reihen hinter ihm saß. Marcus war ziemlich müde und in der Mitte des Films schlief er ein. Als seine Freunde es bemerkten fingen sie an, sich darüber lustig zu machen. Sie nahmen Stifte und zeichneten Linien auf seine Stirn. Als der Film vorbei war, schlichen sich seine Freunde aus dem Kino, während Marcus noch immer schlief.

Marcus went to the movies with his friends and they watched a movie. He did not know that Erik was only a few rows behind him. Marcus was pretty tired and he fell asleep in the middle of the movie. When his friends noticed this they began to make fun of him. They took pens out and drew lines on his forehead. When the movie was over, his friends sneaked out of the cinema while Marcus was still asleep. Erik hatte das Ganze gesehen und war geschockt, als er mitbekam, wie die Freunde von Marcus sich benahmen. Er ging zu Marcus und weckte ihn auf. Marcus öffnete seine Augen und war erschrocken, als er Erik vor seinem Gesicht sah. Erik saw it all and he was shocked to see Marcus's friends behavior. He went to Marcus and woke him up. Marcus opened his eyes and was shocked when he saw Erik in front of his face. „Was machst du denn hier? Bist du wahnsinnig? ... und ... Wo sind denn die anderen?!“, fragte Marcus. "What are you doing here? Are you crazy? ... and ... where are the others?!" asked Marcus. „Sie sind alle weg, ohne dich. Du bist eingeschlafen und sie haben dich hier gelassen. Sie haben dir auch was aufs Gesicht gemalt. Ich denke, dass du dringend neue Freunde brauchst... Hier ein Tuch, damit du es abwischen kannst.“ – antwortete Erik. "They are all gone, without you. You fell asleep and they left you here. They also painted something on your face. I think you desperately need new friends. ... Here's a cloth to wipe it off," Erik replied. Marcus war geschockt. Er dachte, dass seine Freunde ihm so etwas nicht antun würden. Gleichzeitig war er überrascht und auch dankbar, dass Erik da war, denn sonst wäre er ganz alleine gewesen und alle hätten ihn ausgelacht. Marcus was shocked. He thought that his friends would not do that to him. At the same time he was also surprised and grateful that Erik was there, otherwise he would be all alone and everyone would have laughed at him. Nachdem er alles von seiner Stirn abgewischt hatte, fragte er Erik, ob er mit ihm in eine Spielhalle gehen wolle. Die beiden hatten an diesem Tag noch viel Spaß und Marcus sah ein, dass er die ganze Zeit einen wirklich guten Freund ignoriert hatte. Erik hingegen war froh, dass sein Cousin endlich locker gelassen hatte und Spaß mit ihm hatte.

After wiping everything off his forehead, he asked Erik if he would like to go to a game room with him. The two of them had a lot of fun that day and Marcus realized he was ignoring a really good friend the whole time. Erik was also glad that his cousin finally let up and had fun with him. Zusammenfassung Marcus hatte endlich Ferien und er wollte sie gerne mit Zeichnen und Spielen verbringen. Doch sein Cousin Erik kam zu Besuch und wollte die ganzen Ferien bei ihm verbringen. Da er Marcus sehr nervte, beschloss Marcus, mit seinen Freunden ohne Erik ins Kino zu gehen. Erik folgte ihm aber heimlich und schlich sich mit ins Kino. Marcus wusste das nicht. Er war sehr müde schlief beim Film ein. Seine Freunde lachten ihn aus und zeichneten etwas auf seine Stirn. Als der Film zu Ende war, gingen alle raus, außer Marcus und Erik. Erik ging zu Marcus und weckte ihn auf. Er erzählte ihm, was seine Freunde getan hatten. Marcus war enttäuscht, aber auch dankbar, dass Erik da war, um ihm zu helfen. Am Ende wurden sie richtig gute Freunde. Summary Marcus finally had vacation time and he wanted to spend it drawing and playing games. But his cousin Erik was visiting and wanted to spend the whole vacation with him. Since Erik was annoying Marcus a lot, Marcus decided to go to a movie with his friends without Erik. Erik secretly followed him and snuck into the cinema, too. Marcus did not know that. He was very tired and fell asleep watching the movie. His friends laughed at him and drew something on his forehead. When the movie was over, everyone went out, except Marcus and Erik. Erik went to Marcus and woke him. He told him what his friends had done. Marcus was disappointed but grateful that Erik was there to help him out. In the end, they became really good friends. Wortschatz – Vocabulary gespannt – curious, excited Ferien – holidays, vacation Überraschung – surprise Zeichnungen – drawings Vogel – bird Ruhe – piece Türklingel – door bell

Cousin – cousin schlecht – bad Erfahrung – experience grausam – awful Frühstück – breakfast Gemälde – drawing Raum – room verschüttete – spilled versehentlich – accidentally schmutzige Wäsche – dirty laundry Waschmaschine – washing machine Geräusche – noises Schuhe – shoes Kleidern – clothes, dresses folgen – follow schleichen – sneak Reihen – rows Stifte – pens Benehmen – behavior Augen – eyes erschrocken – frightened Gesicht – face wahnsinnig – crazy Tuch – cloth dankbar – thankful auslachen – laugh at Stirn – forehead Spielhalle – play room Fragen 1.Wer kam zu Besuch bei Marcus? 2.Wie lange wollte Erik bleiben? 3.Wie wollte Marcus seine Ferien verbringen? 4.Was haben die Freunde auf die Stirn von Marcus gezeichnet?

5.Wer hat sich ins Kino geschlichen? 6.Wohin ging Marcus mit seinen Freunden? a. in die Spielhalle b.ins Kino c.in die Schule 7.Mit was hat sich Marcus die Stirn abgewischt? a.mit einem Tuch b.mit einem Stift c.mit einer Zeichnung 8.Was klingelte auf einmal? a.die Waschmaschine b.der Film c.die Türklingel 9.Was hat Marcus in die Waschmaschine gesteckt? a.die schmutzige Wäsche b.das Gemälde c.die Socken 10.Was hat Erik auf das Gemälde verschüttet? a.Cola b.Orangensaft c.Pizza Questions 1. Who came to visit Marcus? 2. How long did Erik want to stay? 3. How did Marcus plan to spend his holidays? 4. What did the friends draw on Marcus´s forehead? 5. Who sneaked into the cinema? 6. Where did Marcus go with his friends? a. to the game room b. to the cinema c. to the school 7. With what did Marcus clean his forehead? a. with a cloth

b. with a pen c. with a drawing 8. What rang suddenly? a. the washing machine b. the movie c. the doorbell 9. What did Marcus put in the washing machine? a. dirty laundry b. the painting c.t he socks 10. What did Erik spill on the painting? a. Coke b. Orange juice c. Pizza Antworten 1.Erik 2.Er wollte die ganzen Ferien lang bleiben. 3.Mit Zeichnen und Spielen. 4.Linien 5. Erik 6.b 7.a 8.c 9.a 10.a Answers 1. Erik b. He wanted to stay the whole summer holiday. 3. drawing and playing games. 4. Lines 5. Erik 6. b 7. a

8. c 9. a 10. a

Chapter 2 – Was ist deine Nationalität? - What is your Nationality? Mia geht zu ihrem Sitz 21A, neben dem Fenster und öffnet ihre Tasche. Sie nimmt ihren Spiegel, starrt in ihre blauen Augen, analysiert ihre Sommersprossen und rosigen Wangen. Mia gets to her seat 21A, next to the window and opens her bag. She takes out her mirror. She stares into her blue eyes and analyzes her freckles and rosy cheeks. „Das ist deins, denke ich.“ Ein riesiger Mann mit dunklen Haaren hält ihre Puppe. “This is yours, I think.” A huge man with dark hair holds her doll. „Können Sie sie mir bitte zurückgeben?“ , fragt Mia. “Can you give it back please?” Mia says. Er sieht sich die Puppe an. „Eine dunkelhäutige Puppe! Das habe ich noch nie gesehen! “ He looks at the doll, “A dark-skinned doll! I never saw that!” „Ihr Name ist Lea. Kann ich sie wiederhaben?“ “Her name’s Lea. Can I have her back?” „Heinrich Schmidt!“ , ruft die Frau des Mannes. „Gib sie ihr zurück!“ Mia nimmt die Puppe und dreht sich zum Fenster. Der Mann sitzt neben Mia und seine Frau auf der anderen Seite von ihm. “Heinrich Schmidt!” cries the wife of the man. “Give it back to her!” Mia takes the doll and turns to the window. The man sits next to Mia with his wife beside him. „Ich entschuldige mich“, sagt die Frau zu Mia. „Übrigens, ich bin Alexa Schmidt und das ist mein Ehemann, Heinrich." “I apologize,” the woman says to Mia. “By the way, I’m Alexa Schmidt, and this is my husband, Heinrich.” Der Mann sieht sie immer wieder an. Da kommtt die Stewardess vorbei. „Alles okay?“ The man keeps looking at her. The stewardess passes by. “Everything okay?” „Wo ist das Badezimmer?“ , fragt Mia. “Where is the bathroom?” Mia asks.

„Könntest du etwas warten? Das Flugzeug wird gleich abheben.“ “Could you wait a bit? The plane is about to take off.” „ Gut.“ “All right.” Mia schaut aus dem Fenster und denkt an ihre Eltern. Sie spürt ein komisches Gefühl in ihrem Bauch, als sie in die Luft steigen. „Entschuldigung! Sorry!“ , spricht Heinrich sie an, „Du darfst jetzt auf die Toilette gehen.“ Mia looks out the window and thinks about her parents. She feels a strange feeling in her stomach as they get into the air. “Excuse me! Sorry!” Heinrich says. “You are allowed to go to the bathroom now.” „Nein, ist schon gut“, antwortet Mia. “No, its fine,” Mia answers. „Du bist ganz allein, oder?“ “You are all alone, are you?” Sie bleibt stumm. She remains silent. „Wo wohnst du?“ , Fragt er. “Where do you live?” he asks. „München.“ “Munich.” „Wow, wirklich?“, sagt er. "Bist du dort geboren?" “Wow, really?” he says. “Were you born there?” „Ja.“ “Yes.” „Und deine Eltern?“ “And your parents?” „Meine Mutter ist aus der Schweiz und mein Vater wurde in Spanien geboren.“ “My mom is from Switzerland, and my father was born in Spain.” „Du besuchst also deine Großeltern?“ “So, you are visiting your grandparents?” „Ja.“ “Yes.”

„Und du darfst alleine fliegen ?!“ “And are allowed to fly alone?!” „Es ist keine große Sache! Und ich bin groß genug.“ “It is not a big deal! And I am big enough.” Der Mann flüstert zu seiner Frau: „Nein!“ Dann hört Mia sie sagen: „Du fragst sie!“ The man whispers to his wife, “No!” Then Mia hears her saying,“You ask her!” Mia gibt vor, einzuschlafen, hört aber beide über sie reden. Mia pretends to fall asleep but hears both of them talking about her. „Ich weiß es nicht, Heinrich“, sagt die Frau. "Frag sie.“ “I don’t know, Heinrich,” says the woman. “Ask her.” „Ich bin nur neugierig, du nicht?“ “I’m just curious, aren’t you?” „Heinrich, weck sie auf und frag, ob sie essen will.“ “Heinrich, wake her up and ask if she wants to eat.” Der Mann weckt Mia auf. „Ich muss auf die Toilette“ , sagt sie. The man wakes Mia up. “I need to use the toilette,” she says. „Aber sie werden jetzt das Mittagessen servieren“ , sagt der Mann. “But they will be serving lunch now,” the man says. „Heinrich! Lass sie gehen. Sie ist ein Kind.“ “Heinrich! Let her go. She’s a child.” Als sie durch den Gang geht, sieht Mia, dass sie Lea vergessen hat. As she goes through the aisle, Mia realizes she has forgotten Lea. Der Mann gibt ihr die Puppe. „Hier. Und fall nicht aus dem Flugzeug. Es gibt ein großes Loch in der Toilette.“ The man gives her the doll. “There you go. And don’t fall out of the plane. There’s a big hole in the toilet.” „Falsch!“, sagt Mia. „Es gibt kein Loch!“ Sie geht den Gang hinunter. “Wrong!” Mia says. “There is no hole!” She goes down the aisle. Als Mia aus der Toillete herauskommt, sieht sie die Stewardess. „Entschuldigung, könnte ich woanders sitzen?“ When Mia comes out from the toilet, she sees the stewardess. “Excuse me, could I sit somewhere else?”

„ Warum?“ “Why?” „ Ich habe Angst vor dem Fenster.“ “I am scared of the window.” „Ist das der einzige Grund?“ “Is that the only reason?” „Nun…ja.“ “Well…yes.” „ Es tut mir leid, ich habe jetzt gerade keine Zeit dafür. Wir servieren eine Mahlzeit. Frag mich später nochmal, wenn du möchtest.“ “I apologize. I don’t have time to move you now. We’re serving a meal. Ask me later, if you like.” Nachdem Mia gegessen hat, sagt der Mann: „ Entschuldigung, was bist du? Meine Frau und ich sind neugierig.“ After Mia ate, the man says, “Sorry, what nationality are you? My wife and I are curious.” Mia ist verwirrt. „Was meinen Sie damit?“, fragt sie. Mia is confused. “What do you mean?” she says. „Nun ... welche Rasse bist du?“ “Well… what race are you?” Mias Mund öffnet sich. Was ist das? Sie versteht nicht. Mia’s mouth drops. Race? What is that? She doesn’t understand. „ Deine Puppe ist dunkelhäutig“ , sagt der Mann. Das ist eine Hautfarbe, eine Rasse. ” “Your doll is dark-skinned,” the man says. That is a skin-color, a race.” „Was ist dein Vater?“ Diese Frage verwirrt sie noch mehr. “What nationality is your father?” This question confuses her even more. Frau Schmidt neigt sich zu Mia. „Wenn du ein Malbuch hättest, welche Farbe würdest du verwenden, um das Gesicht deines Vaters zu malen?“ Mrs. Schmidt leans towards Mia. “If you had a coloring book, what color would you use to paint your Dad’s face?” „Braun.“ “Brown.” „Und deine Mutter?“

“And your mom?” „Ich weiß es nicht.“ “I don’t know.” „ Sicher weißt du das“, sagt sie. „Wie würdest du das Gesicht deiner Mutter einfärben?“ “Sure, you do,” she says. "How would you color your mother’s face?” „Gelb.“ “Yellow.” „Du bist also gemischt?“, sagt die Frau. „Du bist ein Mulatte!“ “So, you’re mixed?” the woman says. “You’re a blend of nationalities!” Mia ist verwirrt. Was ist ein Mulatte? Warum fragen sie sie immer, was sie ist? Sie ist nichts! Mia is confused. What does it mean that I am a blend of nationalities? Why do they keep asking her what nationality she is? She isn’t anything! „Du weißt, was das ist, nicht wahr? Oder haben dir das deine Eltern nicht erzählt?“ “You know what that is, don’t you? Or haven’t your parents told you?” Die Stewardess, die sich mit einem Wagen nähert, lächelt Mia an. Approaching with a cart, the stewardess smiles at Mia. „Lass mich in Ruhe!“ , Mia schreit Frau Schmidt an. “Leave me alone!” she screams at Mrs. Schmidt. Die Passagiere starren. Passengers stare. „ Warum fragst du, ob mein Vater braun ist?“ “Why do you ask if my Dad is brown?” „ Beruhige dich! “, sagt die Frau und berührt ihre Schulter. “Calm down!” the woman says touching her shoulder. „Fassen Sie sie nicht an“, sagt die Stewardess. “Don’t touch her,” the stewardess says. Eine Frau, die vor Mia sitzt, steht auf und dreht sich um. One woman sitting in front of Mia stands up and turns around. „ Möchtest du hierhin kommen und dich zu mir setzen?“ “Would you like to come and sit with me?”

„ Nein!“, schreit Mia. „Was sollen all diese Fragen? Sie fragt mich immer wieder, wie ich meine Eltern in einem Malbuch ausmalen würde! Warum fragst du mich das?" “No!” Mia shouts. “What are all these questions. She keeps asking me how I would color my parents in a coloring book! Why do you ask me that?” Frau Schmidt bittet sie aufzuhören. Mrs. Schmidt asks her to stop. „Wie würde dir das gefallen?“ , fragt Mia. “How would you like that?” Mia asks. “Also” is a regular German word. It means “so” in English. „Also was bist du? Was sind deine Eltern? Wie würdest du sie malen? Nun, es ist mir egal! sagte Mia frustriert.“So, what are you? What are your parents? How would youcolor them? Well, I don’t care!” Mia said frustratedly. „Möchtest du mir kommen und bei mir sitzen?“, fragt die Stewardess lächelnd. „Ich mache dir ein besonderes Getränk. “How would you like to come and sit with me?” the stewardess says smiling. “I’ll make you a special drink. Mia nickt. Sie fühlt sich besser. Mia nods. She feels better. Sie kommt an der Familie Schmidt vorbei, die ihre Beine zur Seite schwingen, um sie herauszulassen. She passes by the Schmidt family, who swing their legs to let her out. „Mein Gott“, hört Mia Frau Schmidt zu ihrem Mann sagen, "Du hättest wirklich den Mund halten sollen.“ “My God,” Mia hears Mrs. Schmidt tell her husband, “you should have really kept your mouth shut.” Zusammenfassung Mia ist ein kleines Mädchen, das alleine im Flugzeug reist, um ihre Großeltern in Spanien zu besuchen. Ein Ehepaar sitzt neben ihr im Flugzeug und stellen ihr die ganze Zeit Fragen über ihre Herkunft. Mia ist genervt. Am Ende fragen sie sie, welche Rasse sie sei. Mia versteht nicht und, als sie sie fragen, wie sie ihre Eltern in einem Malbuch färben würde, fühlt sie sich beleidigt. Mia fängt an zu schreien und damit die Aufmerksamkeit von allen anderen im Flugzeug auf sich u ziehen. Sie fragt

sie, was sie davon halten würde, wenn Mia sie so etwas fragen würde. Alle sind von dem Ehepaar entsetzt. Die Stewardess bietet Mia an, dass sie sich zu ihr setzten kann. Damit geht es Mia wieder gut und das Ehepaar schämt sich. Summary Mia is a little girl who travels alone on a plane to visit her grandparents in Spain. A couple is sitting next to her on the plane and they ask her questions about her origin. Mia is annoyed. In the end, they ask her what nationality is and what race she is. Mia does not understand their questions. When they ask her how she would color her parents in a coloring book, she feels offended. Mia starts screaming and everyone notices her. She asks them what they would say if Mia asked them something like that so forcefully. Everyone is appalled by the couple. The stewardess tells Mia that she can sit down with her. Mia is happy again and the couple is ashamed. Wortschatz – Vocabulary Sitz – seat Fenster – window Spiegel – mirror Sommersprossen – freckles Wangen – cheeks Puppe – doll dunkelhäutige – dark-skinned Ehemann – husband Badezimmer – bathroom Flugzeug – airplane Eltern – parents Gefühl – feeling Bauch – stomach stumm – silent flüstert – whisper neugierig – curious Gang – aisle Loch – hole

Angst – fear verwirrt – confused Rasse – race Hautfarbe – skin-color Malbuch – coloring book verwenden – use gemischt – mixed Schulter – shoulder anfassen – touch Getränk – drink schwingen – swing Fragen 1.Wohin fliegt Mia? 2.Wer sitzt neben ihr? 3.Was bringt Mia mit sich? 4.Wie heißt der Mann? 5.Woher kommt Mias Mutter? 6.Was nimmt Mia aus ihrer Tasche heraus? a.eine andere Tasche b.ihr Handy c.ihren Spiegel 7.Was fragt der Mann? a.welche Rasse Mia ist b.welchen Hund sie hat c.warum sie blonde Haare hat 8.Was serviert die Stewardess? a.Frühstück b.Mittagessen c.Snack 9.Wen besucht Mia? a.ihre Eltern b.ihre Katze c.ihre Großeltern

10. Wie heißt Mias Puppe? a.Lea b.Anna c.Maria Questions 1. To where is Mia flying? 2. Who is sitting next to her? 3. What does Mia bring with her? 4. What is the name of the man? 5. From where does Mia's mother come? 6. What does Mia take out of her bag? a. another bag b. her cell phone c. a mirror 7. What does the man ask? a. what race Mia is b. what dog she has c. why she has blonde hair 8. What does the stewardess serve? a. breakfast b. lunch c. Snack 9. Who is Mia visiting? a. her parents b. her cat c. her grandparents 10. What is Mia's doll called? a. Lea b. Anna c. Maria Antworten 1.Nach Spanien. 2.Herr und Frau Schmidt sitzen neben ihr.

3.Sie bringt ihre Puppe mit. 4.Heinrich. 5.Aus der Schweiz. 6.c. 7.a 8.b 9.c 10. a Answers 1. Spain 2. Mr. and Mrs. Schmidt are sitting next to her. 3. She brings her doll. 4. Heinrich 5. Her mother is from Switzerland. 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. c 10. a

Chapter 3 – UFO Es war ein kalter Tag im Mai. Ich eilte nach der Arbeit nach Hause. Da ich außer einem kleinen Snack nichts gegessen hatte, war ich sehr hungrig und nervös. It was a cold day in May. I hurried back home after work. Since I hadn’t eaten anything except a little snack, I was very hungry and nervous. Als ich zur Tür ging, fiel ein plötzliches Licht in mein Auge. Die ganze Vorderseite meines Hauses war aufgehellt. Es blendete meine Augen. Ich ließ meine Tasche fallen und war in Panik. As I was walking to my doorway, a sudden light hit my eye. The whole front of my house was brightened. It blinded my eyes. I dropped my bag and was in a panic. Als ich aufblickte, sah ich etwas Faszinierendes. Es war ein UFO. Es war genau wie in den Spielfilmen, also wusste ich, dass ich mich nicht täuschte. Und wie jeder andere es auch tun würde, hielt ich nach Außerirdischen Ausschau. As I looked up, I saw something fascinating. It was a UFO. It looked just like the ones in fiction movies, so I knew that I wasn’t wrong. And like anyone else would, I searched for aliens. Plötzlich spürte ich, wie etwas meinen Arm berührte. Es war ein Außerirdischer. Er stand da mit riesigen Augen und ich fühlte mich magnetisiert. Er hatte einen silbernen Helm auf, der aber eigentlich sein Kopf war. Ich war so fasziniert von seinem Äußeren, dass ich keine Angst haben konnte. Ich war wie elektrisiert. Suddenly, I felt something touch my arm. It was an alien. It stood there with enormous eyes and I felt magnetized. It appeared to have a silver helmet which was actually its head. I was so fascinated by its appearance that I couldn’t be afraid. It was as if I had been electrified. Der Außerirdische hatte einen Kopf, der wie eine Mango geformt war. Ich sammelte Mut und sagte: „Hi!“ The alien had a head that was shaped like a mango. I gathered up courage and said, “Hi!” Es nickte. Aber es lag nicht an meinen Worten. Er nickte die ganze Zeit. Ich fragte ihn, ob er etwas zu essen oder einen Snack haben wolle. Er grinste und ich nahm daher an, dass ich richtg lag.

It nodded. But it wasn’t because of my words. It nodded the whole time. I asked it if it wanted some snacks or food. It grinned, so I thought that it was the right move to prepare something. Ich rannte ins Haus und nahm eine Tüte Chips und eine Dose Soda. Er nahm es, aber er aß nicht. Er fühlte es einfach mit seinen Händen und war verwirrt. I ran into the house and got a bag of chips and a can of soda. The alien took it, but didn’t eat or drink the items. It just felt it with its hands and seemed confused. Ich fing an, mich zu fragen, ob ich eine paranormale Erfahrung hatte. Ich versuchte ihn mit meinen Händen zu fragten, ob es ins Haus kommen wolle. Ich ging ein paar Schritte vor und zeigte auf meine Tür. Er folgte mir langsam. Jede seiner Bewegungen faszinierte mich. I started asking myself if I was having a paranormal experience. I tried to explain with my hands and asked if it wanted to come into the house. I took few steps forward and pointed to my door. It slowly started following me. His every move fascinated me. Kurz bevor er in mein Haus eintrat, hörte er jedoch auf, sich zu bewegen. However, it stopped moving just before it was about to enter my home. Der Außerirdische drehte sich um und machte Geräusche. Er sah mir in die Augen. Er begann, ein paar Lichter aus seinen Augen in meine Augen zu projizieren und kitzelte mich dann ein paar Mal mit seinen Fingern. Dann wandte er sich dem UFO zu und er verschwand so schnell, dass ich ihm kaum mit meinen Augen folgen konnte. Mehr Lichter. Weitere Pieptöne Weitere knisternde Geräusche. Ein tiefes Beben. Und alles war weg. The alien was turning around and started making noises. It looked me straight in the eyes. It started to project light from its eyes into my own and then started to tickle me with its fingers a few times. It then turned to the UFO and was gone so fast that I even couldn’t follow it with my eyes. More lights. More beeps. More crackling sounds. A big woosh. And it was gone. Ich ging ins Haus und war verwirrt. Ich war so verwirrt und müde, dass ich unruhig schlief. Als ich aufwachte, befand ich mich in einem Krankenhausbett. Die Schwester versuchte mir etwas zu essen zu geben, aber ich hatte keinen Appetit. Ich fragte nach dem Alien und man gab mir eine Tablette, damit ich wieder einschlief. Als ich aufwachte, fühlte ich

mich überhaupt nicht gut. Jeder machte sich Sorgen, weil ich seit drei Tagen nichts gegessen hatte. Danach vier und fünf. I went into the house and was confused. So confused and tired, that I slept a fitful sleep and woke up in a hospital bed. The nurse gave me something to eat, but I didn’t have an appetite. I asked about the alien, and they gave me a pill to make me doze off. When I woke up I was not feeling good at all. Everyone was worried because I hadn’t eaten in three days. After that four and five. „Sechs“ , hörte ich jemanden sagen. “Six”, I heard someone say. „Sieben! “ . “Seven!” „Acht!“ , sagte mein Mann. Und ich war wach. “Eight!” said my husband. And I was awake. “Six,” I heard someone say. “Seven!” “Eight!” said my husband. And I was awake. Ja, acht Uhr morgens. Ich musste zur Arbeit gehen und erkannte, dass ich nur einen interessanten Traum mit einem Außerirdischen gehabt hatte. Yes, 8:00 in the morning. I had to go to work and realized that I only had an interesting dream with an alien. Zusammenfassung Eine Frau geht von der Arbeit nach Hause. Doch gerade als sie in ihr Haus gehen will, sieht sie etwas Ungewöhnliches vor dem Haus – ein UFO. Aus dem UFO kommt ein Alien. Sie ist fasziniert von seinem Aussehen und versucht mit ihm zu kommunizieren, jedoch ohne Erfolg. Schließlich hört sie merkwürdige Geräusche und der Alien verschwindet wieder so plötzlich wie er gekommen ist. Verwirrt geht sie ins Haus und schläft ein. Sie wacht in einem Krankenhaus auf, hat keinen Appetit und fragt nach dem Außerirdischen. Sie geben ihr eine Pille, damit sie wieder einschläft. Am Ende weckt sie ihr Mann auf, weil es schon acht Uhr morgens ist. Sie ist in ihrem Bett und ihr wird klar, dass sie das Ganze geträumt hat. Summary A woman goes home from work, and she sees something unusual in front of the house— a UFO. From the UFO comes an alien. She is fascinated by his

appearance and tries to talk to him, but without success. At the end she starts to hear strange noises and the alien disappears as quickly as he had appeared. Confused, the woman enters her house and falls asleep. She wakes up in a hospital, has no appetite and asks about the alien. They give her a pill, and she falls asleep again. In the end, her husband wakes her up because it's already eight o'clock in the morning. She is in her bed and she realizes that she has dreamed the whole thing. Wortschatz – Vocabulary eilte – hurried Licht – light Vorderseite – front aufgehellt – brightened geblendet – blinded (it is the correct term and the term is also in the storyline) Tasche – bag Spielfilme – movies Außerirdischer – alien Arm – arm magnetisiert – magnetized Mut – courage grinste – smiled Tüte – bag Erfahrung – experience Bewegung – movement Geräusche – noises Finger – fingers Krankenhausbett – hospital bed Sorgen – concerns Traum – dream Fragen 1.Wohin ging die Frau nach der Arbeit? 2.Woraus kam der Außerirdische? 3.Was wollte die Frau dem Außerirdischen aus dem Haus geben? 4.Hatte die Frau Angst?

5.Was hörte sie aus dem UFO? 6.Was hat die Frau dem Außerirdischen zu essen gegeben? a.Reis b.Hünchen c.Chips 7.Was haben sie der Frau im Krankenhaus gegeben, damit sie einschlafen kann? a.eine Dose Soda b.eine Pille c.ein Ticket 8.Was war das Ganze am Ende? a.ein Traum b.eine Katastrophe c.eine tolle Erfahrung 9.Wer hat sie aus dem Traum geweckt? a.die Krankenschwester b.der Außerirdische c.ihr Mann 10.Wo hat die Frau das UFO und den Außerirdischen vorher gesehen? a.in einem Spielfilm b.in ihrem Haus c.in dem Krankenhaus Questions 1. Where did the woman go after work? 2. From where did the alien come? 3. What did the woman want to give the alien out of the house? 4. Was the woman afraid? 5. What did she hear from the UFO? 6. What did the woman give the alien to eat? a. rice b. chicken c. chips 7. What did they give the woman at the hospital so she could fall asleep?

a. a can of soda b. a pill c. a ticket 8. In the end, what was it the woman had experienced? a. a dream b. a disaster c. a great experience 9. Who did wake her up from the dream? a. the nurse b. the alien c. her husband 10. Where has the woman seen the UFO and aliens before? a. in a movie b. in her house c. in the hospital Antworten 1.nach Hause 2.aus einem UFO 3.Etwas zu essen 4.Nein 5.Geräusche 6.c 7.b 8.a 9.c 10.a Answers 1. home 2. from a UFO 3. something to eat 4. no 5. noises 6. c

7. b 8. a 9. c 10. a

Chapter 4 – Bruder und Schwester – Brother and Sister Ich wurde in einem ruhigen Dorf geboren, in dem meine Eltern hart arbeiteten, um ihren Lebensunterhalt zu verdienen. Eines Tages wollte ich mir unbedingt ein Taschentuch kaufen und stahl dafür Geld aus der Tasche meines Vaters. Er bemerkte es sofort. I was born in a quiet village in which my parents worked hard to make a living. I really wanted to buy myself a handkerchief. So, one day I stole money from father’s pocket. He knew what was up right away. „Wer ist schuld?“ , fragte er meinen Bruder und mich. Ich hatte so große Angst, dass ich nicht sprechen konnte. Mein Bruder sagte nichts. „Gut, ihr werdet beide bestraft!“ Da sagte mein jüngerer Bruder: „Ich habe es gemacht!“ Er nahm die Verantwortung auf sich und wurde bestraft. “Who is guilty?” he asked my brother and me. I was so afraid that I couldn’t talk. My brother, of course, didn’t say a thing. “Fine, you both are getting punished!” Suddenly, my younger brother said, “I did it!” He took the blame for me and got punished. Ich konnte diese Nacht nicht schlafen und fing an zu weinen. Mein Bruder hielt meinen Mund zu und sagte: „Weine nicht. Es ist in Ordnung.“ Ich konnte nie vergessen, was er für mich getan hatte. Er war acht Jahre alt und ich elf. Ich hasste es, dass ich nicht den Mut gehabt hatte, zuzugeben, was ich getan hatte. Jahre vergingen, aber ich konnte es mir nicht verzeihen. I couldn’t sleep that night and I started to cry. My brother covered my mouth and said, “Don’t cry. It’s fine.” I could never possibly forget what he did for me. He was 8 years old and I was 11 years old. I hate that I didn’t have the courage to admit what I did. Years went by, but I couldn’t forget it. Mein Bruder war sehr schlau. Er wurde in einer weiterführenden Schule aufgenommen. Gleichzeitig wurde ich an einer großartigen Universität angenommen. Mein Vater rauchte eine Zigarette und ich hörte, wie er meine Mutter fragte: „Waren sie gut?“ „Ja, sie haben beide sehr gute Ergebnisse erzielt?", antwortete Mom mit Tränen in den Augen. „Und was nun? Wir haben nicht das Geld für beide. "

My brother was very smart. He got accepted to an upper secondary school. And I also got accepted to a great university. My father was smoking a cigarette and I heard him say to my mother, “So, did they do well?” “Yes, both of them got very good results?” Mom answered with tears in her eyes. “And what now? We don’t have the money for both of them?” Plötzlich stand mein Bruder vor meinem Vater und sagte: „Vater, ich möchte nicht mehr zur Schule gehen. Ich habe genug.“ Vater wurde wütend. „Warum bist du so schwach? Ich werde mir das Geld leihen, wenn ich muss, aber ihr beide werdet eure Studien beenden.“ Danach ging er zu jedem der Häuser im Dorf, um um Geld zu bitten. Suddenly, my brother was standing in front of my father. He said, “Father, I don’t want to go to school anymore. I have enough education.” Father became angry. “Why are you so weak? I will borrow the money if I need to, but you will both finish your studies.” And after that, he went to each of the houses in the village to ask for money. Ich ging zu meinem Bruder und sagte zu ihm: „Du musst dein Studium beenden. Du musst aus dieser Armut herauskommen.“ Ich entschied mich, nicht fortzufahren. I went to my brother and told him, “You need to finish your studies. You need to get out of this poverty.” I decided not to continue with mine. Aber es kam alles anders. Mein Bruder verließ in dieser Nacht das Haus nur mit einem Rucksack. Er schlich sich aus dem Haus und hinterließ folgende Notiz auf meinem Bett: „Du musst zur Universität gehen. Ich werde Arbeit finden und Geld schicken.“ Ich nahm die Notiz an meine Brust und weinte den ganzen Tag. But things went differently. My brother left the house that night with just a backpack. He sneaked out of the house and left the following note on my bed, “You need to go to the university. I will find work and send you money.” I took the note to my chest and cried the whole day. Es gelang mir, das dritte Jahr an der Universität zu absolvieren, mit dem Geld, das Vater geliehen hatte und mit dem Geld, das mein Bruder durch das Tragen von Zement auf dem Rücken auf einer Baustelle verdiente. Er war 17 Jahre alt und ich war 20. I managed to get to the third year of university with father’s borrowed money and the money my brother earned from carrying cement on his back at a construction site. He was 17 years old and I was 20 years old.

Eines Tages, während ich in meinem Zimmer lernte, kam mein Mitbewohner herein und sagte zu mir: „Es wartet jemand auf dich! Ich denke, es ist ein Dorfbewohner.“ Ich war verwirrt. Ich ging hinaus und sah meinen Bruder. Er war müde und schmutzig. Ich fragte ihn: „Warum hast du meinem Mitbewohner nicht gesagt, dass du mein Bruder bist?“ While I was in my room studying, my roommate came in and told me, “There’s someone waiting for you outside! I think it’s a villager.” I was confused. I walked out, and I saw my brother. He was tired and dirty. I asked him, “Why didn’t you tell my roommate that you are my brother?” Er lächelte: „Schau mich an. Ich möchte nicht, dass sie über dich lachen.“ Meine Augen waren voller Tränen. Ich wischte ihm sanft die Schulter ab und sagte zu ihm: „Es ist mir egal, was sie sagen! Du bist mein Bruder, was auch immer passiert. “ He was smiling, “Look at me. I don’t want them to laugh at you.” My eyes were full of tears. I gently brushed off his shoulder and said to him, “I don’t care what they say! You are my brother no matter what.” Er zog eine schöne Haarspange aus der Tasche und steckte sie mir ins Haar. „Alle Mädchen hier haben eine. Ich denke, du brauchst auch eine.“ Ich zog ihn in meine Arme und weinte. In diesem Jahr war er 20 Jahre alt und ich 23 Jahre. He took a nice hair clip from his pocket and put it into my hair. “All the girls here have one. I think you need one, too.” I pulled him into my arms and cried. That year, he was 20 years old and I was 23 years old. Nachdem ich geheiratet hatte, lebte ich in der Stadt. Mein Mann lud meine Eltern dazu ein, bei uns zu wohnen, aber sie wollten nicht. Sie wussten nicht, was sie außerhalb des Dorfes tun sollten. Mein Mann wurde der Direktor des Unternehmens in dem mein Bruder arbeitete. Er bat meinen Bruder, Leiter der Abteilung zu werden, aber dieser lehnte ab. Er wollte als Mechaniker arbeiten. I lived in the city now that I had gotten married. My husband invited my parents to come and live with us all the time, but they didn’t want to come. They didn’t know what to do outside of the village. My husband became the director of my brother’s factory. He asked my brother to be the manager of the department, but he refused it. He wanted to work as a repairman. Eines Tages hatte er bei der Arbeit einen Unfall und musste ins Krankenhaus gehen. Wir besuchten ihn und ich betrachtete seine Wunde,

als ich ihn fragte: „Warum willst du kein Manager sein? Sieh dich an - du bist in einen Unfall geraten. Warum hörst du nicht auf uns?“ One day, he got into an accident at work and had to go to the hospital. We visited him there. Looking at his wound I said, “Why don’t you want to be a manager? Look at you—you got into an accident. Why don’t you listen to us?” Er sagte zu mir: „Was würden die Leute sagen, wenn ich ohne Ausbildung Manager werden würde?“ Ich sagte: „Nur wegen mir hast du keine Ausbildung!“ He said to me, “What would people say if I, uneducated, became a manager?” I said, “You don’t have education only because of me!” „Warum musst du das erwähnen?“ Er hielt meine Hand. In diesem Jahr war er 26 Jahre alt und ich war 29. Mein Bruder war 30 Jahre alt, als er ein Mädchen aus dem Dorf heiratete. Während der Hochzeitsfeier fragte ihn jemand: „Wer ist die Person, die du am meisten respektierst und liebst?“ “Why do you have to mention this?” he held my hand. That year, he was 26 years old and I was 29 years old. Later, my brother was 30 years old when he married a girl from the village. During the wedding party someone asked him, “Who is the one person you respect and love the most?” Er antwortete: „Meine Schwester.“ Dann begann er eine Geschichte zu erzählen, die ich vollkommen vergessen hatte. „Als ich in der Grundschule war, befand sich die Schule in einem anderen Dorf. Meine Schwester und ich mussten stundenlang zur Schule und wieder zurück nach Hause gehen. Eines Tages verlor ich einen meiner Handschuhe. Meine Schwester gab mir einen von ihren. Sie trug nur einen Handschuh und wir mussten weit gehen. Als wir nach Hause kamen, zitterten ihre Hände wegen des kalten Wetters. Von diesem Tag an schwor ich mir, dass ich, solange ich lebte, für meine Schwester sorgen und immer gut zu ihr sein würde.“ He answered, “My sister.” He then started to tell a story I had totally forgotten. “When I was in primary school, the school was in a different village. My sister and I would walk for hours to school and back home. One day, I lost one of my gloves. My sister gave me one of hers. She wore only one glove and she had to walk far. When we got home, her hands were trembling because of the cold weather. From that day on, I swore that as long as I lived that I would take care of my sister and would always be good to her.”

Applaus erfüllte den Raum. Alle Gäste wandten sich mir zu. Ich bekam Tränen in dien Augen: „Schon mein ganzes Leben lang ist mein Bruder die Person gewesen, der ich am meisten zu verdanken habe.“ Applause filled up the room. All guests turned to me. I got tears in my eyes, “In my whole life, the one I would like to thank most is my brother.” Zusammenfassung Die Geschichte erzählt von einer Familie aus einem Dorf, wo die Eltern nicht genug Geld hatten, um ihren Sohn und Tochter gleichzeitig zu finanzieren. Deswegen entscheidet sich der Bruder, als Bauarbeiter zu arbeiten, damit seine Schwester auf eine Universität gehen kann. Sie heiratet, als sie ihr Studium beendet hatte den Direktor der Firma, in der ihr Bruder arbeitet. Er bietet ihm die Position des Managers an, doch er lehnt dies ab. Seine Schwester fühlt sich schlecht, da sie denkt, dass er wegen ihr keinen guten Job annehmen kann. Doch als er heiratet und eine Rede über seine Schwester hält, stellt sich heraus, wie großzügig sie selbst zu ihm war – und es nur vergessen hatte. Summary The story tells of a family from a village where the parents did not have enough money to finance their son and daughter at the same time. Therefore, the brother decided to work as a construction worker, so that his sister can go to a university. She married when she finished her studies. Her husband was the director of the company where her brother worked. He offered her brother the manager's position, but he declined. His sister felt bad because she thought he could not have a good job because of her. But that was not the case. He married in the end and gave a speech about his sister and how generous she is. Wortschatz – Vocabulary Dorf – village Lebensunterhalt – living Taschentuch – tissue Schuld – guilt bestraft – punished Verantwortung – responsibility weinen – crying schlau – smart

Ergebnisse – results Tränen – tears Armut – poverty fortzufahren – to continue hinterließ – left behind Brust – chest Rücken – back Baustelle – construction site Mitbewohner – roomate Dorfbewohner – villager schmutzig – dirty Haarspange – hair clip geheiratet – married Unternehmen – company Unfall - accident Ausbildung – education Erwähnen – mention Grundschule – primary school Handschuhe – gloves Fragen 1.Wo hat die Familie gelebt? 2.Warum hat die Tochter das Geld von ihrem Vater geklaut? 3.Wer wurde dafür bestraft? 4.Warum konnten nicht beide Kinder in die Schule gehen? 5.Wo hat der Bruder gearbeitet? 6.Wer sagte der Schwester, dass ihr Bruder zu Besuch gekommen ist? a.der Mitbewohner b.die Freundin c.die Mutter 7.Was hat der Bruder für seine Schwester gekauft? a.eine Tasche b.ein Buch c.eine Haarspange

8.Was hat die Schwester gefunden, als ihr Bruder sich aus dem Haus geschlichen hat? a.eine Notiz b.ein Rucksack c.einen Stift 9.Was machte die Schwester nach dem Studium? a.sie ging nach Hause b.sie hat geheiratet c.sie hat gearbeitet 10.Was hat die Schwester ihrem Bruder gegeben, als es kalt war und sie klein waren? a.ein T-Shirt b.einen Handtuch c.einen Handschuh Questions 1. Where did the family live? 2. Why did the daughter steal the money from her father? 3. Who was punished? 4. Why could both children not go to school? 5. Where did the brother work? 6. Who told the sister that her brother came to visit? a. the roommate b. the girlfriend c. the mother 7. What did the brother buy for his sister? a. a bag b. a book c. a hair clip 8. What did the sister find when her brother sneaked out of the house? a. a note b. a backpack c. one pen 9. What did the sister do after graduation?

a. She went home b. She got married c. She worked 10. What did the sister give her brother when it was cold, and they were little? a. a T-shirt b. a towel c. a glove Antworten 1.Die Familie lebte in einem Dorf. 2.Weil sie sich ein Taschentuch kaufen wollte. 3.Ihr Bruder. 4.Weil die Eltern nicht genug Geld hatten. 5.Er arbeitete auf einer Baustelle. 6.a 7.c 8.a 9.b 10.c Answers 1. The family lived in a village. 2. She wanted to buy a handkerchief. 3. Her brother was punished. 4. The parents did not have enough money. 5. He worked on a construction site. 6. a 7. c 8. a 9. b 10. c

Chapter 5 – Information – Information Wir waren eine der ersten Familien, die in der Nachbarschaft ein Telefon hatten. Das schöne glänzende Ding hing an der Wand und war eines der Highlights in unserem gemütlichen Zuhause. We were one of the first families who had a telephone in the neighborhood. The nice, shiny thing hung on the wall was one of the highlights in our cozy home. Ich war so klein, dass ich das Telefon nicht einmal erreichen konnte, aber ich war sehr fasziniert, als meine Mutter am Telefon sprach. Nach einiger Zeit entdeckte ich, dass im Inneren eine großartige Person lebte - ihr Name war „Information“ und sie wusste alles. I was so little, that I couldn’t even reach the phone, but I was so fascinated when my mother would talk on it. After a period of time I discovered that inside lived a great person. Her name was “Information,” and she knew everything. „Information“ kannte jede Nummer und die Zeit. “Information” knew everyone’s number and the time. Ich hatte eine großartige Erfahrung mit dieser guten Seele, als ich eines Tages alleine zu Hause war, weil meine Mutter einen Freund in der Nachbarschaft besuchte. Ich ging in den Keller, um mit Werkzeugen zu spielen, und verletzte mich versehentlich am Finger. Ich hatte starke Schmerzen und es gab niemanden, der mir helfen konnte. Ich ging um das Haus herum ohne einen Plan, wie ich mich besser fühlen könnte. Plötzlich sah ich es: I had a great experience with this good soul one day when I was home alone because my mom went to see a friend in the neighborhood. I went into the basement to play with tools, and I accidently hurt my finger. I was in great pain, and there was nobody to help me. I walked around the house without a plan on how to make myself feel better. Suddenly, I saw it. Das Telefon! Ich nahm einen Stuhl aus der Küche, um hoch zu klettern. Als ich an die Stelle kam, die perfekt war, nahm ich den Hörer ab und hielt ihn ans Ohr. „Information“, sagte ich ins Telefon. Nach ein paar Sekunden hörte ich eine nette Stimme. The telephone! I took a chair from the kitchen and started to climb on it. When I got to the spot that was perfect, I unhooked the receiver in the

parlor and held it to my ear. “Information,” I said into the phone. I heard a nice voice after a few seconds. „Information“ “Information.” „Mein Finger tut weh ... “, sagte ich ins Telefon. Ich brach in Tränen aus, jetzt, da ich es jemandem erzählen konnte. “My finger hurts …” I said into the phone. I was in tears now that I had someone who knew about it. „Wo ist deine Mutter? “, fragte die Stimme. “Where is your mother?” the voice said. „Ich bin allein zu Hause“, sagte ich. “I am alone at home,” I said. „Blutest du? “, fragte die Stimme. “Are you bleeding?” the voice asked. „Nein“ , antwortete ich.„Ich habe mir mit dem Hammer auf den Finger gehauen und jetzt tut es weh.“ “No,” I replied. “I hit my finger with the hammer and it hurts.” „Kannst du deinen Kühlschrank öffnen?“ , fragte sie. Ich sagte, dass ich das könnte. “Can you open your fridge?” she asked. I said I could. „Dann nimm ein kleines Stück Eis und lege es auf deinen Finger“, erklärte mir die Stimme. “Then take a little piece of ice and put it on your finger,” explained the voice. Nach diesem Erlebnis rief ich „Information“ immer wieder an. Sie half mir mit der Schule, meinem Hund und vielem mehr. After that, I called “Information” all the time. She helped me with school, with my dog, with everything. Eines Tages starb unser Kanarienvogel. Ich rief „Information“ an und erzählte ihr, was passiert war. Sie hörte zu und sagte einige Dinge, die Erwachsene übllicherweise in so einem Fall sagen. Aber ich war zu traurig. Ich fragte: „Warum singen Vögel so schön und bringen Freude, um am Ende im Käfig als Federnhaufen zu enden?“ One day, our pet canary died. I called “Information” and told her what happend. She listened and said some things that you would usually hear

from a grown up. But I was too sad. I said, “Why do birds sing so beautifully and bring joy, only to end up as a heap of feathers on the bottom of a cage?” Sie sagte leise: „Dean, vergiss nicht, dass es andere Welten gibt, in denen man singen kann.“ She said quietly, “Dean, don’t forget that there are other worlds in which to sing.” Ich fühlte mich besser. I felt better. An einem anderen Tag war ich wieder am Telefon: „Information.“ Another day, I was on the telephone. “Information.” „Information“, sagte die Stimme. “Information,” said the voice. „Wie schreibt man Orange?“ , fragte ich. “How do you spell orange?” I asked. Wir lebten zu dieser Zeit in einer kleinen Stadt. Als ich zehn Jahre alt war, zogen wir nach Frankfurt. Ich vermisste „Information“ so sehr und konnte die Gespräche, die wir geführt hatten, nicht vergessen. Es war fantastisch gewesen. Immer wieder fragte ich mich, wie jemand so geduldig sein konnte, ständig mit einem kleinen Jungen zu reden. Wie konnte jemand so nett sein, all die langweiligen Fragen zu beantworten, die ich damals gehabt hatte. When I had this telephone, we lived in a small town. When I was ten we moved to Frankfurt. I missed “Information” so much and I could never forget those conversations we had. It was awesome. I was wondering how someone was so patient to talk to a little boy all the time. How could someone be so nice to answer all those boring questions I had back then. Ein paar Jahre später, als ich auf dem Weg zum College war, kam mein Flugzeug zu spät und ich hatte ungefähr eine halbe Stunde Umstiegszeit. Ich telefonierte einige Minuten mit meiner Schwestert. Dann, ohne zu überlegen, was ich tat, wählte ich die alte Nummer und sagte: „Information“. A few years later, when I was on my way to college, my plane was late, and I had about half an hour or so between planes. I spent a few minutes on the

phone with my sister. Then, without thinking what I was doing, I dialed my hometown operator and said, “Information.” Wie durch ein Wunder hörte ich die Stimme, die ich so gut kannte. Miraculously, I heard the voice I knew so well. „Information.“ “Information.” Ich sagte: „Wie schreibt man Orange?“ I said, “How do you spell orange?” Es entstand eine lange Pause. Dann hörte ich: „Ich glaube, dein Finger müsste inzwischen verheilt sein.“ There was a long pause. Then I heard, “I guess your finger must have healed by now.” Ich lachte: „Du bist immer noch da", sagte ich. „Sie haben keine Ahnung, wie sehr ich unsere Gespräche geliebt habe, als ich klein war“. I laughed, “You are still there,” I said. “You have no idea how much I loved our talks when I was little”. „Wenn du nur wüsstest, wie viel deine Anrufe für mich bedeuteten. Ich habe mich immer auf die Anrufe gefreut.“ “If you only knew how much your calls meant to me—I used to look forward to your calls.” Ich fragte, ob ich noch einmal anrufen könnte, wenn ich in meine Heimatstadt zurückkäme. I asked if I could call again when I came back to my hometown. „Bitte“, bat sie. „Frag einfach nach Mary.“ “Please do,” she said. “Just ask for Mary.” Vier Monate später war ich wieder in meiner kleinen Stadt. Eine andere Stimme antwortete: „Information“. Four months later I was back in my little town. A different voice answered, “Information.” Ich fragte nach Mary. „Bist du ein Freund?“, wollte sie wissen. I asked for Mary. “Are you a friend?” she wanted to know. „Ja, ein sehr alter Freund“, antwortete ich. “Yes, a very old friend,” I answered.

„Es tut mir leid, dass ich dir das sagen muss“, sagte sie. „Aber Mary hat in den letzten Jahren Teilzeit gearbeitet, weil sie krank war. Sie ist vor drei Wochen gestorben.“ Ich wollte auflegen, aber sie, hielt mich zurück: „Moment mal. Hast du gesagt, dass dein Name Dean war?“ “I’m sorry to have to tell you this,” she said. “Mary was working part-time the last few years because she was sick. She died three weeks ago.” Before I could hang up she said, “Wait a minute. Did you say your name was Dean?” „Ja.“ “Yes.” „Nun, sie hat eine Nachricht für dich hinterlassen. Sie hat es notiert, falls du anrufst. Lass mich es dir vorlesen. In der Notiz steht: >Denke daran, es gibt andere Welten, in denen man singen kann. 00 852 9104 2615 RJ) >

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